Merrill Samuel Taylor (15 April 1893 – 7 July 1918) was a Canadian flying ace of the First World War. He was credited with seven aerial victories while flying a Sopwith Camel fighter for the Royal Naval Air Service and, later, the Royal Air Force. He touched off the air battle that resulted in the death of the war's leading ace, Manfred von Richthofen, on 21 April 1918. On 2 May 1918, he killed German ace Hans Weiss for his fifth victory. Taylor was killed in action by Franz Büchner on 7 July 1918.

Early life
Merrill Samuel Taylor was born in Clearview, Ontario, Canada on 15 April 1893, the son of Samuel Taylor. The younger Taylor was schooled in Singhampton and Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan before matriculating at the University of Toronto in Applied Science from 1912 to 1916.

Taylor was a bachelor, and an enthusiastic rugby football player, when he enlisted on 17 April 1916 into the university's Training Company of the Canadian Overseas Expeditionary Force. His enlistment attestation listed his next of kin as his mother, Mary Taylor, who was residing in Regina, Saskatchewan. His physical examination showed him to be 5 feet 7 3/4 inches tall, dark complected, with black hair, hazel eyes, and a scar on his left jaw.

First World War
On 19 January 1917, Taylor was appointed to the position of probationary flying officer.

By 23 July 1917, Taylor was commissioned as a Flight Sub-Lieutenant, indicating he had completed pilot's training. His first assignment was to the Dover Patrol, on 23 August 1917. He was then posted to No. 9 Naval Squadron of the Royal Naval Air Service as a Sopwith Camel pilot, scoring his first aerial victory on 28 September 1917. At 1620 hours that day, he was part of a squadron sweep that destroyed an Albatros D.III over Diksmuide, Belgium. He shared the victory with Stearne Tighe Edwards, Fred Everest Banbury, Oliver Redgate, and John Hales.

Taylor's second victory, coming just three weeks after 9 Naval became part of the brand new Royal Air Force, was a momentous one. He teamed with Oliver Colin LeBoutillier to incinerate a German Albatros two-seater at 1025 hours on 21 April 1918. The two ex-naval pilots thus touched off the chain of events that led to the death of the war's greatest ace, Manfred von Richthofen in that day's dogfighting.

The following morning, on another squadron mission, Taylor joined Robert Foster and three other pilots in capturing a German two-seater at Albert, France. Both members of the aircrew were killed in the process. Then, at 1445 hours on 27 April 1918, Taylor drove down an Albatros D.V out of control east of Villers-Bretonneux, France.

At noon on 2 May, Taylor became an ace. German ace Hans Weiss, flying a Fokker Triplane, attacked one of Taylor's squadronmates a mile south of Cerisy, France. Taylor killed Weiss with a bullet through the head and destroyed his white Triplane.

Victory number six came for Taylor on 15 May, when he drove down an Albatros D.V between Belloy and Pozières, France. The following day, he ended his victory list by helping to capture Leutnant Hubner of Jagdstaffel 4. Wilfrid May and Stearne Tighe Edwards helped force the German triplane to ground and its pilot to a prisoner of war camp.

On 7 July 1918, over Hamel, France, Taylor was shot down and killed in action by Franz Büchner. Lieutenant Merrill Samuel Taylor's grave is unknown; he is memorialized at the Arras Flying Services Memorial, Arras, France. Taylor was awarded the Croix de Guerre by the French government for his valour.

Notes

References
 Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920. Christopher F. Shores, Norman Franks, Russell Guest. Grub Street, 1990. .
 Fokker Dr I Aces of World War I: Volume 40 of Osprey Aircraft of the Aces. Norman Franks, Greg VanWyngarden. Osprey Publishing, 2001. .

1893 births
1918 deaths
Canadian World War I flying aces
Canadian military personnel killed in World War I
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Canadian military personnel from Ontario

Merrill Taylor


The Brinton Museum located on the Quarter Circle A Ranch and formerly known as the Bradford Brinton Memorial Museum, is a museum and historic ranch located  southwest of Big Horn, Wyoming. The ranch was built in 1893 by William Moncreiffe, a Scottish immigrant and successful businessman. In 1923, Bradford Brinton bought the ranch from Moncreiffe and expanded it to its current appearance. Brinton collected art and historical materials, particularly those relating to Native American history; after his death in 1936, his sister Helen converted the ranch to a museum displaying his collections.

Wyoming's rolling Bighorn Mountains envelop The Brinton Museum on the Quarter Circle A Ranch. Its sweeping landscape and surrounding mountain range have been the muse of treasured American artists from Remington to Borein to Gollings, and the setting for rich cultural traditions integral to the American Indian tribes inhabiting this region. Today, it serves as a gleaming example of Wyoming's transformation, and continues to delight and inspire artists and guests from around the world.

At the heart of The Brinton Museum is the art, historic documents, books and furnishings that made up Bradford Brinton's original collection and which showcase the elegant and eclectic tastes of this well-educated Western gentleman. The permanent collection is on display in long-term exhibitions in the new facility and in its original setting in the Brinton Ranch House, and complemented by frequently changing exhibits featuring art of the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. Each exhibition has been thoughtfully curated to tell a distinctive story of the American West through historical and contemporary perspectives. The Brinton Museum is widely recognized for its careful preservation practices and acquisition of new pieces, and honoring the art and craftsmanship of the West and Bradford Brinton's intent to support both.

The Brinton's world-class staff guides visitors to understand celebrated artists of the past, their works, and how they've inspired contemporary artists to explore and expand the art of the American West. Through home and museum tours, hands-on educational programming, artists' series and a variety of special events that celebrate The Brinton and the riches of the Quarter Circle A Ranch, students of all ages leave The Brinton Museum with a deeper connection to art, American history, and the spectacular environment that surrounds them.

Today
The Brinton Museum opened its new state-of-the-art Forrest E. Mars, Jr. Building on June 15, 2015. Located on the 620-acre historic Quarter Circle A Ranch in Big Horn, WY, the new 24,000-square-foot $15.8-million, eco-conscious museum houses one of the most significant and extensive 19th and 20th century Western and American Indian Art collections in the U.S. featuring Frederic Remington, Charles Marion Russell, Thomas Moran, Edward Borein, Winold Reiss, and the largest Hans Kleiber collection in the world. It includes four galleries, a museum store and the Brinton Bistro, which offers indoor and outdoor dining with 180-degree views of the Bighorn Mountains. Many generous private donors and foundations helped to make the new Forrest E. Mars, Jr. Building possible.

The new three-story space was designed by the Sheridan, WY Architecture/ Engineering firm of Malone Belton Abel P.C. to reveal and honor the beauty of the area, while aligning with the natural geography of the ranch. Nestled into the hillside, it is anchored by a two-foot thick, 51-foot high, 209-foot long arced structural rammed earth wall, the tallest in North America. Principal Architect Timothy Belton, AIA, explains the design as symbolically integrating the space, honoring both the original family that began the collection and the spiritual nature of its American Indian Art collections. Climate-controlled galleries and a 4,000-square foot high-tech storage facility can now accommodate thousands of pieces of art, allowing the Brinton Museum to better preserve and exhibit current and new works and collections by iconic artists.

Construction of the new spaces and storage facility allowed the Brinton Museum to receive the Gallatin Collection, gifted to the museum by Fr. Peter Powell of the Foundation for the Preservation of American Indian Art and Culture in Chicago. Originally compiled by the Gallatin Family in Big Horn, highlights of the collection have been on view at the Art Institute of Chicago for more than 45 years. The complete collection features more than 100 pieces of American Indian art and artifacts, 60 of which are on permanent display in the Brinton Museum's new John and Adrienne Mars American Indian Gallery.

Bradford Brinton's sister, Helen Brinton, founded the Brinton Museum in 1960, and it was opened to the public as the Bradford Brinton Memorial in June 1961. Her mission was to share Brinton's original collection of art, historic documents, books and furnishings assembled in the early 1900s, which showcase the elegant and eclectic tastes of a well-educated Western gentleman who befriended and supported the top artists of his time. Today, the Brinton Museum showcases its historic and contemporary collections in long-term and changing exhibitions in the original Brinton Ranch House and throughout its new Western, American Indian and contemporary galleries. The Quarter Circle A Ranch also includes expansive gardens and a greenhouse, Little Goose Creek Lodge, and multiple 1900s-era buildings such as the Carriage Barn that houses a historic automobile, J.I. Case truck and various farm implements, and a saddle barn full of horse gear. In the next two years, the Brinton Museum also will convert its original 5,000-square-foot museum space into an education center.

"The Brinton Museum is the only museum in the U.S. that maintains a significant historic and ever-expanding Western and American Indian art collection on a beautifully maintained historic property at the foot of a mountain range," said Schuster. "The art, as well as the Quarter Circle A Ranch property, are an American treasure."

The ranch was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 10, 1976.

References

External links
Brinton Museum website

Ranches on the National Register of Historic Places in Wyoming
Houses completed in 1893
Museums in Sheridan County, Wyoming
Farm museums in Wyoming
Art museums and galleries in Wyoming
National Register of Historic Places in Sheridan County, Wyoming

Quarter Circle A Ranch


Hathersage Road is a road in Sheffield South Yorkshire, England and Derbyshire. It leads south-west from the suburb of Whirlow over the border between Hathersage and Sheffield, before becoming Sheffield Road at the point called Surprise View. The road begins at a bridge on the Limb Brook, the former boundary between Yorkshire and Derbyshire. There the road changes name from Ecclesall Road South to Hathersage Road.

The road passes Whirlow Woods and Whirlow Hall Farm, the Dore Moor Inn, Fox House hotel at the top of Padley Gorge, crosses the Burbage Brook and ends at a tight curve at Surprise View, from where there are views of Hope Valley. The junction with Cross Lane and Long Line is deemed dangerous and a speed camera was installed. According to the Sheffield antiquarian, Sidney Oldall Addy, a feature known as the Giant's Chair could be found close to the road, near the junction of Whitelow Lane. No sign of this feature appears on modern maps, although it is shown on an 1888 map in Addy's A glossary of words used in the neighbourhood of Sheffield.

Blacka Moor Nature Reserve, managed by the Wildlife Trust for Sheffield and Rotherham is located close to the intersection of the A625 and A6187. The  reserve is the largest of the nature reserves managed by the trust, and has a migrant bird population which includes willow warblers, blackcaps, common cuckoos, northern wheatears, European stonechats and whinchats.

Near Fox House, the road bends tightly whilst passing over Padley Gorge and is overshadowed by Toad's Mouth; a stone hanging over the road not dissimilar to the shape of a toad. This feature marks the boundary between Sheffield and Derbyshire.

The road forms part of the A625. Until 2000, the entire course of Hathersage Road was numbered A625. Hathersage Road is now only numbered A625 as far as the junction with Stony Ridge Road where the A625 proceeds towards Calver. Between Hathersage and Stony Ridge Road junction, Hathersage Road is numbered A6187. A section of the A625 was severed in 1979 due to a landslip at Mam Tor hence the re-designation of the road number for part of the route.

References

Streets in Sheffield

Hathersage Road (Sheffield)


St Albion Parish News was a regular feature in the British satirical magazine Private Eye during the premiership of Tony Blair. It was in the Private Eye tradition of featuring a fortnightly column lampooning the Prime Minister of the day and their close associates, seemingly written in a gossipy style by an insider.  This has taken either of two broad formats. Mrs Wilson's Diary and Dear Bill were supposedly the observations of spouses Mary Wilson and Denis Thatcher respectively. Heathco - A Message from the Managing Director was a motivational newsletter sent to staff of a small company from the boss (Edward Heath, nicknamed "Grocer"), and St Albion Parish News was in this broad style.

The format was a spoof of the parish magazine typically published by English churches. Prime Minister Tony Blair was depicted as the earnest and trendy young vicar of St Albion, "Rev ARP Blair, MA (Oxon)". Leading political figures were given satirical roles within a typical Anglican community, for example, Gordon Brown was the PCC Treasurer, John Prescott was in charge of the working men's club and the Home Secretary was Chairman of Neighbourhood Watch.  Foreign dignitaries were described as Ministers in other Churches: for example, George W. Bush usually appeared in the Parish News each week as "Rev Dubya Bush of the Church of the Latter-Day Morons" (or, in some issues in 2003—during the Invasion of Iraq and early Iraq War—the Latter-Day Morbombs), in reference to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).  Bill Clinton belonged to the Church of the Seventh Day Fornicators.  Great play was made in the issue of 4 August 2006 of Bush's misheard greeting, "Yo, Blair", to the Prime Minister at the "G8" summit in St Petersburg.

Structure and general tone
The general structure was a message from the vicar, i.e. Prime Minister, plus a few smaller, varying columns. These usually included the Parish Postbag, often containing a letter from a parish member (i.e. minister) complaining about something or other but cut short "for reasons of space" by the editor (in the past this was Alastair Campbell).

In the case of Tony Blair, the 'incumbent vicar', the message was nearly always a defence of his recent actions which then turned into a self-loving eulogy. Bible passages were frequently modified, or invented, to reflect kindly and reverently on the vicar. There would sometimes be a hymn with up-beat slogan words, marked "Words and Music T. Blair" to emphasise the message.  Despite frequent promises of not blaming others it was very common for the ensuing sentence or paragraph to do just that, all under a pretence of friendliness and half-heartedness.

Running jokes from the Blair era
The tone of the sketch was set by the magazine's satirical take on the Blair government and its personalities. The vicar's message always began with 'hullo', any appearance by Deputy Prime Minister John Prescott featured attempts at formal, well-written language plagued by mistakes and misunderstandings of words (e.g. "there have been many alligators made about me"), and threats to sue were frequently made by the vicar's wife (Cherie Blair is a leading barrister).

Some weeks there was an item "To Remember In Your Prayers", seeking understanding for former colleagues who had resigned or been sacked, for example Mo Mowlam, Clare Short and Charles Clarke. They are depicted as obviously deluded and mentally ill, hence the need for prayers.

TV adaptation
In 1998 Sermon from St. Albion's, an ITV television series based on the column was shown. It starred Harry Enfield as the Rev. Blair.

Influence
During the run-up to the 2001 General Election, Tony Blair started his campaign at St Olave's and St Xavier's School, during which he was photographed making a speech in front of a stained-glass window, with the choir surrounding him. It was noted that this made Blair look like the "vicar of St Albions".

References

Private Eye
Politics of the United Kingdom
Satirical columns
Cultural depictions of Tony Blair

St Albion Parish News


Dibang is a senior news anchor former host of daily prime-time show 'Jan Man' and weekly show 'Press Conference' on the Hindi news channel ABP News. A member of debate panels of the channel, he is rated among the best Hindi anchors in the industry today.

Career
He is the current anchor of ABP News and was the managing director of NDTV INDIA , a 24-hour Hindi news channel. As the Executive Editor, he was the launching face for NDTV India. Before joining NDTV, he worked for Aaj Tak, a 24-hour Hindi news channel. When Aaj Tak became a 24-hour channel, Dibang was the launching face.

Before joining television news, Dibang was a correspondent with The Sunday Times of India in New Delhi. He started his career in journalism with The Illustrated Weekly of India.

He anchored the first-ever hour-long Hindi debate show on television, Muqabla on NDTV India. At the Indian Television Academy Awards 2006, Muqabla won the Best Talk Show Award. This was the first time a Hindi chat show had won such an award in a category consisting mostly of English shows.

Dibang has won many awards for his anchoring and documentaries. He also acted in an Italian film directed by Italo Spinelli.  He has worked for several foreign television networks, including SBS and ABC of Australia, NHK of Japan and RAI

Dibang recently acted in the Hindi film Madras Cafe, in which he played an ex-RAW agent.

A graduate from University of Delhi, Dibang grew up in Arunachal Pradesh in north-east India.

Filmography
 2013 Madras Cafe - Ex-RAW Agent
 2016 Pink

References

Writers from Arunachal Pradesh
Indian male television journalists
Living people
Indian editors
Indian male journalists
Indian television executives
Indian television news anchors
Indian television talk show hosts
Indian political journalists
Year of birth missing (living people)

Dibang


The Monza Grand Prix (Italian: Gran Premio di Monza) was an automobile race held at the Autodromo Nazionale di Monza at Monza, Italy.

Following the terrible accident during the 1928 Italian Grand Prix, where Emilio Materassi and 27 spectators lost their lives, the Italian Grand Prix was cancelled in 1929 and 1930. Not wanting to abandon racing at the Monza track completely, the Monza Grand Prix was held as a substitute during these years. Even when the Italian Grand Prix returned to the racing calendar, the Monza Grand Prix was retained as a separate event.

The competition was typically divided into three short (~30 minutes) heats according to engine size, one repechage and a longer final.

The 1933 event was to be known as the Black Sunday, due to 3 top drivers (Giuseppe Campari, Baconin Borzacchini and Stanisław Czaykowski) getting killed in two separate accidents at the south banking of the high speed loop. The racing world was stunned and this spelled the end, not only for the Monza Grand Prix, but also for Monza's original 10 km circuit. The Italian Grand Prix continued on during the following years, using a number of different layouts, with chicanes put in to slow down the speed.

After the Second World War the Gran Premio dell'Autodromo di Monza was run in five editions between 1948 and 1952. The first of these was a Formula One race and the rest Formula Two. None of them counted towards the World Championship.

The race was resumed in 1980, when the Italian F1 Grand Prix was raced in "Dino Ferrari" circuit in Imola, a Formula Two race was arranged.

Today, the Italian Grand Prix is sometimes referred to as "the Monza Grand Prix" since it is so closely associated with the Monza track.

Winners of the Monza Grand Prix

These are the winners of the Monza Grands Prix.

See also
Italian Grand Prix

References

Pre-World Championship Grands Prix
Auto races in Italy

Monza Grand Prix


Adwai Raghuram Bhat  (born 16 April 1958) is a former Indian cricketer who played in two Test matches in 1983.

Domestic career
Raghuram Bhat dominated school and junior level games. After some fine performances, he made his Ranji trophy debut in the 1979–80 season against Tamil Nadu at the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium. He had a slow start to his career taking just one wicket on his debut game.
He soon found success at the Ranji level. In just his 6th first class game he picked up 9 wickets against Kerala at Davangere. In the quarterfinal against Punjab he took 9 wickets to help Karnataka reach the semifinals.

1981-82 Semifinal
Raghuram Bhat is chiefly remembered for the role he played in Karnataka's victory in the semifinal against Bombay. The 1981-82 Ranji semifinal was played between a strong Bombay team and Karnataka at the M. Chinnaswamy Stadium. Bombay had at their disposal some of the then current stars of the Indian cricket team, including Sunil Gavaskar, Dilip Vengsarkar, Ashok Mankad, Sandeep Patil, Ravi Shastri and Balwinder Sandhu.

Sunil Gavaskar captaining Bombay won the toss and decided to bat. Gavaskar opened the batting with Ghulam Parkar and put on a 62 run opening stand. Raghuram Bhat soon got into the act and dismissed Gavaskar for 41. He then had Vengsarkar bowled for 8. A 101 run partnership was established between Ghulam Parkar and Sandeep Patil. Raghuram Bhat got Ghulam Parkar Leg before the wicket. That bought Ashok Mankad to the crease. Raghuram Bhat had Mankad edge the ball to Gundappa Viswanath at slip to leave Bombay at 184 for 5. Raghuram Bhat completed his hat-trick by dismissing Suru Nayak. Raguram Bhat went on to claim 3 more wickets as he ended up with his then best figures of 8 for 123. Bombay was dismissed for 271.

Karnataka batted well in their first innings. A fine century from Sudhakar Rao and a knock of 78 from Brijesh Patel ensured Karnataka overhauled Bombay's first innings total. Some fine late order batting from Syed Kirmani and Raghuram Bhat ensured Karnataka reached 470.

The pitch by then had deteriorated and was expected to help spin. Ghulam Parkar and Vengsarkar opened the batting for Bombay in the 2nd innings and put on 72. Bhat dismissed Vengsarkar and soon had Suru Nayak giving him a return catch to leave Bombay at 107 for 2.
Bhat and fellow spinner B. Vijayakrishna went through the middle order to leave Bombay at 160 for 6. Sunil Gavaskar unusually walked to bat at number 8 and soon faced trouble from the spin of Raghuram Bhat. Gavaskar had earlier decided to bat left handed against Bhat, but was talked out of it by Bombay team manager Sharad Diwadkar. Sensing that he had no chance against Bhat, Sunil Gavaskar decided to bat as a left-hander against him. Sunil Gavaskar survived against Bhat batting as a left-hander and against Vijaykrishna batting as a right-hander. Gavaskar batted over 60 minutes as a left-hander and ensured Bombay did not lose outright. Bombay ended up at 200 for 9. Karnataka went through to the final based on the big first innings lead. Raghuram Bhat ended up with 13 wickets.

After the Semifinal
Karnataka lost the final to Delhi despite scoring 705 in the first innings. The next Ranji season proved to be fruitful for Bhat as helped Karnataka win the Ranji trophy for the 3rd time, beating Bombay on first innings lead. He took 4 wickets in the final and capped off a wonderful Ranji trophy campaign.
He played in the Irani Trophy that year and picked up 7 wickets in the game. His performances in the season bought him into the national limelight and he was selected for the upcoming series against Pakistan.

International career
Raghuram Bhat played his first test against Pakistan at Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, Nagpur. His first test wicket was Javed Miandad. He later picked up Mudassar Nazar's wicket as well. India drew the game and the series was shared between the 2 arch rivals.
Raghuram Bhat's next test was against the West Indies at the Green Park Stadium in Kanpur. Bhat picked up the wickets of Clive Lloyd and Gus Logie. India lost the test by an innings and 83 runs. This test also marked the end of Bhat's international career as he was dropped from the Indian team.

Later domestic career
Raghuram Bhat was one of the stalwarts for Karnataka. He along with B. Vijayakrishna bore the bulk of the bowling workload of Karnataka. He ended up with 343 wickets in the Ranji Trophy.  He retired after the 1992-93 pre-quarter final against Madhya Pradesh

After cricket
Since he retired from first-class cricket Bhatt has served in many capacities - as umpire, administrator and coach. In July 2011, he was appointed as the coach of the Goa cricket team.

In popular culture
A reference is made to the incident where Sunil Gavaskar batted left handed against Raghuram Bhat in the Kannada movie Ganeshana Maduve.

References

1958 births
Living people
India Test cricketers
Karnataka cricketers
South Zone cricketers
People from Dakshina Kannada district
Cricketers from Karnataka
Indian cricket coaches

Raghuram Bhat


The Romance Papyrus (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, cod. suppl. gr. 1294, also known as the Alexander Papyrus) is a fragment of 2nd century Greek manuscript of an unknown romance.  It contains three unframed illustrations set within the columns of text.  It is one of the few surviving scraps of classical literary illustration on papyrus.  The fragment is 340 by 115 mm.  It was acquired by the Bibliothèque Nationale in 1900.

References
Weitzmann, Kurt. Late Antique and Early Christian Book Illumination. New York: George Braziller, 1977.

External links

Literary illuminated manuscripts
Papyrus

Romance Papyrus


The Wage Workers Party was a short-lived split from the Socialist Party of Washington from 1909-1910.

Organizational history

Division had been mounting between the regular organization, controlled by Edwin J. Brown, and the left opposition centered on Hermon F. Titus'  Seattle Socialist. The "rights" were more electorally oriented while the "lefts" wanted to make the party a "fighting organization", and tried to give aid to the IWW. The faction fight became more acrimonious as the two groups began expelling each other from local branches. The issue was framed in terms of what social group would control the party: the rights were pictured as "petty-bourgeois" and supported by intellectuals, skilled workers and better off farmers while the left was supposedly more "proletarian" and supported by lumber workers, city laborers and poor farmers. Titus also had supporters in California, Oregon, Idaho, and Montana.

The divisions within the group came to a head at the Socialist state convention in Everett in early 1909. The lefts claimed that they had won a majority of delegates but that the rights had manipulated control of the party apparatus to give them a majority at the convention. Titus and his forces led a walk out and held their own convention, declaring themselves the true representatives of the Socialist Party of Washington. When the National Executive Committee of the Socialist Party came down in favor of the regular group, the Titus forces were in an anomalous situation. After flirting with the idea of going into the Socialist Labor Party, the Titus- led Socialist Party of Washington became the Wage Workers Party on February 25, 1910.

When the party was formed they made a constitutional provision banning petty-bourgeois elements from the organization, including "lawyers, preachers, doctors, dentists, detective, soldiers, factory owners, and shop keepers" from membership. Titus, who had been a doctor, gave up his profession and became an elevator operator. Joseph Biscay was elected secretary. Harry Ault, later to become a leader in the Seattle General Strike of 1919 was a member, as was William Z. Foster and his future son-in-law Joseph Manley.

The organization lasted a matter of months. It produced one issue of a newspaper, The Wage Worker. Titus' supporters in Oregon and California were confused about the situation and apparently never rallied to the new group.  Most of the group's members drifted into the Industrial Workers of the World, while the core around Titus split between factions advocating a four and a three-hour day.

Footnotes

Further reading

 Jeffrey A. Johnson, "They Are All Red Out Here: Socialist Politics in the Pacific Northwest, 1895-1925. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008.
 Carlos A. Schwantes, Radical Heritage: Labor, Socialism, and Reform in Washington and British Columbia, 1885-1917. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1979.
 Carlos A. Schwantes Papers. 1976. .11 cubic foot (xerox copy).

Defunct socialist parties in the United States
Political parties established in 1909
Political parties disestablished in 1910
Political parties in Washington (state)
State and local socialist parties in the United States
William Z. Foster

Wage Workers Party


Facebook Messenger is an American messaging app and platform developed by Meta, Inc.

It was originally developed as Facebook Chat in 2008. The company revamped its messaging service in 2010. It released standalone iOS and Android apps in August 2011 and standalone Facebook Portal hardware for Messenger-based calling in the fourth quarter of 2018. Later on, Facebook launched a dedicated website interface (Messenger.com), and separated the messaging functionality from the main Facebook app. This allows users to use the web interface or download one of the standalone apps.

In April 2020, Facebook officially released Messenger for Desktop. It is supported on Windows 10 and macOS and distributed on Microsoft Store and App Store respectively.

Software

Facebook Messenger


Lenakel is the largest town on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. It has a population of 1,473.

It is located on the west coast of the island near the administrative capital of Isangel and serves as a major port of entry.

Language
It is the center of the Lenakel language, one of the five Tanna languages native to the island; Vanuatu's official tongue, the English creole Bislama is spoken as well.

References

Populated places in Vanuatu
Tafea Province

Lenakel


Diedre Murray is an American cellist and composer specializing in jazz and musical theater. She also works as a record producer and curator.

As a performer she has worked with  Leroy Jenkins,  Marvin "Hannibal" Peterson, Henry Threadgill, Muhal Richard Abrams, James Brown, Julius Hemphill, Fred Hopkins, Jason Kao Hwang, and Archie Shepp, in addition to leading her ensembles, and has appeared on over 50 recordings as a cellist, composer, arranger and/or producer.

A native of New York, Murray received a B.S. degree from Hunter College in ethnomusicology,and studied at the Manhattan School of Music.

Career

Early composing for theater or music productions: a score for the inaugural concert at the Danny Kaye/Sylvia Fine Playhouse entitled "Five Minute Tango",  performed by the Manhattan Brass Quintet; The Conversation for the Seattle-based New Performance Group at the Walker Art Center in Minnesota for the Music in Motion program; Flashes, a structured improvised collaboration with choreographer Blondell Cummings and musicians Jeanne Lee and Pauline Oliveros for the Firewall Festival 1993; and music for Helen Thorington's radio piece Dracula's Wives for broadcast: a tour of Flashes to the Taklos Festival in Switzerland; and, a dramatized version of Unending Pain, with text by Laurie Carlos, at P.S. 122 in New York City. Her work as a composer was intermixed with an extensive concert schedule as a band leader and concert soloist.

Ms. Murray was also a curator of music programs in the 1990's and early 2000's. She curated programing for the Jamaica Arts Center, Jazz at St. Mary's, P.S. 122 and the 53rd Street Y. She is the co-creator (along with Craig Harris) of the Firewall Festival, produced by P.S. 122, which played in New York City and Philadelphia.

In 1996 her composing projects included: You Don't Miss Your Water, a music-theater piece, in collaboration with poet Cornelius Eady produced by the Music Theatre Group; the premiere of Women in the Dunes, a dance piece created by Blondell Cummings for the Japan Society and Mu Lan-Pi, her dance theatrescape commissioned by District Curators and performed in Washington, D.C. by the Ajax Moving Dance Company. In 1998 Murray developed the jazz opera The Running Man, for which she wrote the original story, score, and book with collaborators Cornelius Eady and Diane Paulus. Murray also conceived Songbird: The Life and Times of Ella Fitzgerald, for which she wrote the original music. She received a grant from the Commissioning Project to write Eleven Elements of Joy for orchestra, which debuted in June 1999.

In 2000 she wrote a chamber and choral piece for the Commissioning Project. In 2001 she wrote arrangements for the musical Eli's Coming, for which she won her second Obie. In 2002 she composed the score for Brutal Imagination, a verse play by Cornelius Eady. Other works include Strings Attached, a dance piece by choreographer Risa Jaroslow; Best of Both Worlds created by Randy Weiner and Diane Paulus; and a collaboration with Sonoko Kawahara on Name of the Flower, a music-theater piece; The Iliad and The Odyssey produced by Music Theater Group and Kathryn Walker. Murray collaborated with Paulus on the musical The Best of Both Worlds. Other projects include a collaboration with Carl Hancock Rux on The Blackamoor Angel, a full-length opera, a collaboration with Lynn Nottage on the musical Sweet Billy and the Zooloos; The Voice Within, an a cappella theater piece for ten voices with text by Marcus Gardley, at Aaron Davis Hall during a yearlong residency at Harlem Stages. She adapted the music for Tony Award winning production of The Gershwin's Porgy and Bess, directed by Diane Paulus in 2012 which played at the Richard Rodgers Theater. In 2019 she collaborated with Regina Taylor on two productions, "Crowns", produced by The Long Wharf and McCarter Theaters, and "Oo Bla Dee" produced by Three Rivers Theater.

Recent projects include working with Deborah Brevoort on "Loving", a musical based on the ground breaking relationship of Richard and Mildred Loving; scoring Chesney Snow's The Soil Beneath, a streamed choreopoem produced by Primary Stages; writing the score for Patient Zero, an opera, libretto by Cornelius Eady and Ms. Murray for Music Theater Group; composing music for an Opera on Tap production slated for December 2021; new music for a dance production by choreographer Dianne McIntyre, a retrospective of Ms. McIntyre's career; composing the soundtrack for "An Apology", based on the book written by V, formerly known as Eve Ensler.

Awards
 Obie Award, The Running Man, 1999

 Pulitzer Prize Finalist for Drama, The Running Man, 1999

 Obie Award, Eli's Comin, 2002

 The Lilly's Composer Award, 2015

Partial Discography

As leader or co-leader

1992 Firestorm (Victo)
1994 Stringology with Fred Hopkins (Black Saint)
1998 Prophecy with Fred Hopkins (About Time)

As sidewomanWith Leroy Jenkins and The Jazz Composer's Orchestra For Players Only (1975)With Muhal Richard Abrams The Hearinga Suite (1989)With Marvin "Hannibal" Peterson Children of the Fire (1973)
 Hannibal (1975)
 Hannibal in Berlin (1976)
 Hannibal Live in Antibes (1977)
 Hannibal Live in Berlin (1977
 Hannibal in Lausanne (1978)
 The Light (1978)
 Naima (1978)
 Tribute (1979)
 Children of Atlanta (1981)
 Visions of a New World (1989)With Henry Threadgill'''
 Just the Facts and Pass the Bucket (1983)
 Subject to Change (1985)
 You Know the Number (1986)
 Easily Slip Into Another World (1987)
 Rag, Bush and All'' (1988)

References

1951 births
African-American classical composers
American classical composers
African-American women classical composers
African-American jazz composers
American jazz composers
African-American opera composers
American classical cellists
American women classical composers
American jazz cellists
American musical theatre composers
Classical musicians from New York (state)
Women musical theatre composers
Women opera composers
Jazz musicians from New York (state)
Living people
Musicians from Brooklyn
Obie Award recipients
Musicians from Queens, New York
African-American women musicians
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women
20th-century African-American people
20th-century African-American women

Diedre Murray


, originally titled  and later known as , is a French Mini-series directed by Alex Pilot and produced by Buki X-4 Productions from 2000 to 2013 (with a hiatus between 2004 and 2012). It is an homage to Toei's popular Super Sentai series, which was extremely popular in France in the 1980s and the 1990s. As a nod to Super Sentai titles having certain motifs, France Five has each member themed after certain aspects of French culture.

There have been four half-hour episodes of France Five produced. The fifth episode aired on May 5, 2012, during a projection in Paris, and also premiered in June for Japan and the French television, Nolife, created by the creators of France Five. The episode includes a preview of the sixth and final episode.

This series is said to be a nod to another Sentai pastiche, Aikoku Sentai Dai-Nippon (Patriot Squadron Great Japan) (1982) by Daicon Films (now Gainax).

The series has become somewhat popular in Japan as well, with singer Akira Kushida singing an original theme for the series starting with episode 4. Prior to that point, the themes were French remixes of older Sentai theme songs (Choujin Sentai Jetman and Choudenshi Bioman) as well as an original French theme.

Story
Glou Man Chou, ruler of the Lexos Empire, desires to conquer planet Earth. However, the Eiffel Tower generates a barrier around the planet that keeps him from sending his armies en masse. Glou Man Chou sends his warriors and monsters to Earth to destroy the tower and enable a full-scale invasion, but they are opposed by France Five.

In the fourth episode, the shield is disabled and Lexos's army is shown prepared to invade the planet. Professor Burgonde is captured and France Five go in hiding. In episode 5, France Five reappear to battle Lexos, but they are overpowered by Zakaral and his generals. After being freed from captivity by France Five and his robot assistant Margarine, Professor Burgonde initiates a top-secret program in France Five's system as a last-ditch effort to save them.

Characters

France Five

"En garde! Jūshi Sentai France Five!"/ "France Five!, En garde!"

Antoine Deschaumes/Red Fromage: A skilled boxer and leader of France Five. A very patriotic person who takes his duty seriously, he hardly ever laughs.
Thierry Durand/Black Beaujolais: The son of a rich winemaker in the Beaujolais region, he rejected his family heritage to live a rebellious life, which often clashes with Red Fromage's authority.
Albert Dumas/Blue Accordéon: The son of a musician, he is the comic relief of the team.
Jean Pétri/Yellow Baguette: A bread baker and the youngest member of the team.
Catherine Fontaine/Pink à la Mode: A fashion model who is very critical of cleanliness, much to the team's dismay.
Aramis Leclair/Silver Mousquetaire: The mysterious warrior in the tradition of the Super Sentai franchise's "sixth warriors". Aramis is also an old friend of Antoine. He died protecting Antoine from a laser shot in Episode 4, and his spirit reappears in Episode 6.

Allies
Professor Aristide Burgonde: Creator of France Five's suits and mecha. He is an ethnologist, veterinarian and a robotology diploma holder. He secretly developed France Five in conjunction with the French Ministry of Defense.
Margarine: Professor Burgonde's robot assistant. She was killed in Episode 6 by a piece of Antoine's broken sword thrown by Zakaral.
Sylvie Dumas: A French tour guide who is Albert's sister.

Mecha
Jet Charlemagne: Flying fortress, carries the Falcon D'Artagnan and the Joan of Arc Mont.
Falcon D'Artagnan and Joan of Arc Mount: Vehicles that combine into the France-Robot. A new, standalone France Robot appears in the final episode.
Machine Chanteclerc: Silver Mousquetaire's rooster mecha. In the final episode, it combines with the new France Robot into the Robot D'Artagnan.

The Lexos Empire
Glou Man Chou: Emperor of the Lexos Empire. After destroying many planets, he has his sights set on Earth and sends his minions to destroy the Eiffel Tower and deactivate Earth's protective barrier for a full invasion.
Extasy: One of Glou Man Chou's lieutenants, who takes pleasure in making her victims suffer. Extasy's true identity is Sophie Burgonde, Antoine's fiancée who was kidnapped by Warduke prior to the first episode.
Warduke: A lieutenant with colossal strength and an insatiable lust for battle.
Cancrelax: Glou Man Chou's cowardly chamberlain, who often shows sycophancy to the Emperor and blames Extasy and Warduke for every defeat at the hands of France Five. Whenever a Streum Monster is defeated by France Five, he casts a spell to revive and grow it to giant size. In episode 5, he evolves his physical form into Grand Crelax.
Zakaral: Glou Man Chou's son and highest-ranked lieutenant.
Gorlock: A burly brute armed with a giant hammer.
Succulard: A bloodthirsty chef itching to paint his cleaver with the blood of his victims.
Agony: A lizard-like warrior with remarkable agility.
Lady Warcry: An Amazon warrior who is Warduke's daughter.

Monsters
 Hypnostreum (1)
 Discostreum (2)
 Toxicostreum (3)
 Snypostreum (3)
 Pyrostreum (4)

Episodes
 "Hypnostreum's Attack! Don't Lose the Guide!" (L'attaque d'Hypnostreum. Ne perdez pas le guide !) (30 November 1999, released widely on 21 April 2000)
 "Everyone on the Dance Floor! Discostreum Leads the Party" (Tous en piste! Discostreum mène le bal.) (10 November 2001)
 "Cheating Isn't Fairplay! Toxicostreum Reverses the Rules" (Tricher n'est pas jouer! Toxicostreum renverse les règles !) (1 November 2002)
 Episode 3 "Death in the Ring! In the Sights of Snipostreum!" (Mort sur le ring ! Dans la ligne de mire de Snipostreum!) (4 July 2019 in the Japan Expo, released on YouTube on 3 January 2020)
 "Is Paris Burning? The Menace Is Named Zakaral" (Paris brûle-t-il? La menace s'appelle Zakaral.) (15 December 2004)
 "The Day of Glory has arrived! Farewell France Five" (Adieu France Five! Le jour de gloire est arrivé.) (5 May 2012)
 "This Time, It's the End! Antoine Faces His Destiny!" (Cette fois, c'est la fin ! Antoine face à son destin !) (12 April 2013)

Cast

Antoine Deschaumes: Sébastien Ruchet
Thierry Durand: Grégory Goldberg
Albert Dumas: Daniel Andréyev
Jean Pétri: Thomas Blumberg
Catherine Fontaine: Wendy Roeltgen (eps. 1–3); Nolwenn Daste (eps. 4–6)
Aramis Leclair Grégoire Hellot
Professor Aristide Burgonde: Tibor Clerdouet
Margarine: Émilie Thoré; Clémence Perrot; Lætitia Girard
Sylvie Dumas: Dorothée Leclére-Tardif
Glou Man Chou: David Guélou
Extasy: Nadège Bessaguet; Aurélie Maurice
Warduke: Jean-Marc Imbert
Cancrelax Olivier Fallaix
Grand Crelax: Aurélien François
Zakaral: Patrick Giordano
Gorlock: Michel Toustou
Succulard: Ruddy Pomarède
Agony: Romanesque Ishitobi; Frédéric Hosteing
Lady Warcry: Léna Desfontaines

Suit actors
Red Fromage: Aurélien François
Black Beaujolais: Grégory Goldberg
Blue Accordéon: Yannick Beaupuis
Yellow Baguette: Thien An Nguyen
Pink à la Mode: Loan Trinh, Suzuka Asaoka
Margarine: Suzuka Asaoka, Aurore Blaise
Zakaral: Frédéric Hostering

External links
Official France Five Website (in French, Japanese and English)

Fan films
Martial arts television series
Superhero television shows
Tokusatsu television series

France Five


Erythraeidae is a family of mites belonging to the Trombidiformes. Larval forms of these mites are parasitic on various other arthropods, for example harvestmen, but the adults are free-living predators. These oval mites are rather large, usually reddish coloured and densely hairy. The legs, especially the first and fourth pairs, are long and adapted for running. They have either one or two pairs of eyes and can be distinguished from related families microscopically by the presence of a single claw on the tibia of the palp.

The larvae bite a hole into the cuticula of the host and use a stylostome, which acts like a drinking straw, to drink body fluids dissolved tissues.

The larvae of two described species of Leptus feed on bees: Leptus ariel lives on the European honey bee in Guatemala, and Leptus monteithi is a parasite of a Leioproctus species (Colletidae) in Tasmania.

Footnotes

References
Meyer, Magdalena K. P. & Ryke, P. A. J.: Nine new species of the superfamily Erythraeoidea (Acarina: Trombidiformes) associated with plants in South Africa. Acarologia I.
Joel Hallan's Biology Catalog: Erythraeidae

External links
 InsectImages.org: Pictures of a Leptus sp.

Trombidiformes
Taxa named by Anthonie Cornelis Oudemans
Acari families

Erythraeidae


Marian Anderson (February 27, 1897 - April 8, 1993) was an American contralto singer. She was the first African American to sing at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.

Early life
Marian Anderson was born on February 27, 1897 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her parents were African American Christians. All the Anderson family went to the Union Baptist Church in South Philadelphia. She first sang in public when she was six years old. Anderson went to Stanton Grammar School. Her family could not afford to send her to high school. They did not have enough money to pay for music lessons either. Until she was sixteen Anderson taught herself to play the piano and violin. The pastor of Anderson's church and other leaders of the black community raised money for Anderson to go to high school and have music lessons. After high school, Marian applied to an all-white music school, the Philadelphia Music Academy. She was rejected for being black. In 1925, when she was 23 years old, Anderson won a singing competition.

Career
In 1930 Anderson performed in Europe for the first time at Wigmore Hall in London. She liked Europe because people were less racist to her there than in the United States. 1935 Anderson did a concert at the White House. There she met Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of Franklin Roosevelt. Eleanor Roosevelt and Anderson were friends for the rest of Roosevelt's life.

In 1938 Anderson did a 70-concert tour in the United States. In 1939 the Daughters of the American Revolution would not let Anderson perform in the DAR Constitution Hall to an audience of blacks and whites. The District of Columbia Board of Education also said that Anderson could not perform at a white high school Charles Edward Russell gave a meeting about this the next day. At the meeting the Marian Anderson Citizens Committee was formed. The group planned a protest at the next board of education meeting. President Roosevelt and Walter White got the Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes to arrange an open air concert on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. On Easter Sunday 1939 Anderson performed on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. to a crowd of 75,000 people that contained both blacks and whites. She started the concert by singing "America". She also sung "My Country, 'Tis of Thee". The concert has been described as having started the civil rights movement for equality between African Americans and white Americans. A documentary film was made of the concert. In 2001 the film was added to the by the Library of Congress.

In 1943 Anderson was given the $10,000 Bok Prize by the city of Philadelphia. She sung at the Constitution Hall.

On January 7, 1955, she became the first African American to perform at the Metropolitan Opera House.  In 1956 she performed there again.  In 1957 Anderson's autobiography, My Lord, What a Morning, was published. That year Anderson also toured India as an ambassador for the United States.

In 1964 Anderson started her last tour. The tour began in the Constitution Hall. Anderson gave her last concert of the tour and her career in 1965 at Carnegie Hall.

Later life
In 1991 Anderson was given the Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement. She died of congestive heart failure on April 8, 1993 in Portland, Oregon at her nephew's home. She was 96 years old. She was buried in Eden Cemetery in Philadelphia. In 2009 there was a tribute concert for Anderson at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC.

Personal life
Anderson started living at a farm in 1940. In July 1943, Marian married Orpheus H. Fisher in Connecticut.

References

Other websites
 Official website

1897 births
1993 deaths
African American musicians
Grammy Award winners

Marian Anderson


Temperate rainforests are coniferous or broadleaf forests. They are in the temperate zone, and get heavy rain.

Temperate rainforest often occur in areas which have an oceanic moist climate. They are very notable for their lichen.

In many ways, they are similar to tropical rainforests, but they are in areas that are not as hot.

The conditions are very moist, and more open to light than a tropical rain forest. The lower levels of the forest have an understory. This means that, under the trees, fungi, moss, ferns, shrubs with berries grow. Lichens are common in temperate rain forests.

Examples
 Hyrcanian forests on the south side of the Caspian Sea. Shared between Iran and Azerbaijan. "Iran's Hyrcanian Forests added to UNESCO World Heritage List". Financial Tribune. 5 July 2019.
 Some forests in the Australian states of New South Wales, Victoria, and the west coast of Tasmania
 Some forests in New Zealand
 In a region called Kolchis, shared between Tukey and Georgia
 Southern Siberian rainforest
 On the Pacific coast of North America, in Alaska, British Columbia, and northern California
 Valdivian temperate rain forest, in Chile and Argentina

Related pages
 Tropical rainforest

References

Habitats
Rainforests

Temperate rainforest


John Romero (born October 3, 1976) is a former American football center and offensive guard. He played college football for California before being selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.

Professional career
Romero was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft with the 192nd overall pick, seven spots ahead of the New England Patriots' pick of quarterback Tom Brady. The 192nd pick was originally sent to the Eagles from the Washington Redskins in exchange for Rodney Peete on April 28, 1999.  In July 2000, Romero signed a three-year contract with the Eagles for $875,000 with a $50,000 signing bonus.  After originally making the Eagles' final 53-man roster, he was waived the next day to make room for center Hank Fraley, whom the Eagles claimed off waivers from the Pittsburgh Steelers.  Romero spent the entire 2000 season on the Eagles' practice squad.  He was re-signed to a two-year contract on February 6, 2001, before tearing a pectoral muscle in May 2001. He returned to training camp practice on August 16, but was waived by the team on August 25. Romero tried out for the Cincinnati Bengals and Buffalo Bills on October 3, 2001, and the Bills signed him to their practice squad the same day, where he spent the rest of the 2001 season.  The New Orleans Saints signed Romero to a futures contract on January 17, 2002, but waived him before training camp on July 16, 2002.  Romero was signed by the St. Louis Rams on August 3, 2003, and stayed with the team for a few weeks before he was waived during final roster cuts on August 25. After being out of football in 2004, he played for the Everett Hawks of the National Indoor Football League (NIFL) in 2005.

After his playing career ended, Romero became a police officer in Oakland, California.

References

External links
 California Golden Bears football bio

Living people
1976 births
American football centers
American football offensive guards
California Golden Bears football players
Philadelphia Eagles players
Buffalo Bills players
New Orleans Saints players
St. Louis Rams players

John Romero (American football)


Juray is a Munda language of India, spoken in Gajapati district in southern Odisha. It is very close to Sora: Gregory Anderson (2008:299) considers Juray to be a Sora dialect. It is currently severely endangered.

Status
Juray is at the bottom of a complex interlocking linguistic hierarchy. Juray is seen as less prestigious than many Sora dialects in rural areas of Gajapati district, while Sora itself is seen as lesser to Odia and Telugu in urban areas. This has resulted in speakers of these languages refusing to transmit them onto future generations, making them endangered. In some areas, the community has completely shifted from Juray to local Odia dialects.

This linguistic endangerment has caused the replacement of much of the languages' basic vocabulary by Odia words.

Grammar
Juray has two different verb inflections. One inflection encodes active subjects of monovalent and bivalent verbs, while the other encodes experiencer subjects of monovalent verbs and undergoers of bivalent verbs. Juray also has case markers on nouns, which align with accusative cases. The word adoʔng, meaning "body," is often used as a clitic that is a primary case-marker (similar to "n't" in "couldn't" in English). The case marker also appears no matter whether an object is a pronoun and a noun. The case marker can occasionally be used in a negative adessive form, maŋə. In positive forms of Juray, this is used after the verb. A plural marker is also used in nouns connected with numerals: bagu kisodanɟi means "two dogs," where -ɟi is the plural marker.

References

Sources
Anderson, Gregory D.S (ed). 2008. The Munda languages. Routledge Language Family Series 3.New York: Routledge. .

Munda languages

Juray language


The  Last Supper is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Jacopo Tintoretto.  An oil painting on canvas executed in 1592–1594, it is housed in the Basilica di San Giorgio Maggiore in Venice, Italy.

Overview

Tintoretto depicted the Last Supper several times during his artistic career. His earlier paintings for the Chiesa di San Marcuola (1547) and for the Chiesa di San Felice (1559) depict the scene from a frontal perspective, with the figures seated at a table placed parallel to the picture plane. This follows a convention observed in most paintings of the Last Supper, of which Leonardo da Vinci's late 1490s mural painting in Milan, Italy, is probably the best-known example.
Tintoretto's painting of 1592–1594, a work of his final years, departs drastically from this compositional formula. The centre of the scene is occupied not by the apostles but instead by secondary characters, such as a woman carrying a dish and the servants taking the dishes from the table. The table at which the apostles sit recedes into space on a steep diagonal. Furthermore, Tintoretto's painting features a more personal use of light, which appears to come into obscurity from both the light on the ceiling and from Jesus' aureola. A host of angels hover above the scene.

Tintoretto's Last Supper makes use of Mannerist devices in its complex and radically asymmetrical composition. In its dynamism and emphasis on the quotidian—the setting is similar to a Venetian inn—the painting points the way to the Baroque. "The ability of this dramatic scene to engage viewers was well in keeping with Counter-Reformation ideals and the Catholic Church's belief in the didactic nature of religious art."

References

Paintings by Tintoretto
1590s paintings
Tintoretto
Paintings in Venice
Angels in art
Cats in art
Dogs in art

Last Supper (Tintoretto)


New Skete is the collective term for two Orthodox Christian monastic communities in Cambridge, New York (geographically in the Town of White Creek):
The Monks of New Skete, a men's monastery founded in 1966, and
the Nuns of New Skete, a women's monastery founded in 1969.
The communities are under the omophorion of the Metropolitan of the Orthodox Church in America. The monks are best known for their breeding of German Shepherds, and the training of all dog breeds in basic obedience. The monks have written several dog-training manuals, including The Art of Raising a Puppy and How to Be Your Dog's Best Friend: The Classic Training Manual for Dog Owners. The nuns are best known for baking gourmet cheesecakes, which they sell on the Internet and in their gift shop.

These two communities are unique in that they have instituted wide-ranging reforms to the divine office and eucharistic liturgies of the Eastern Orthodox Church, aimed at rendering the services more comprehensible. They are open to ecumenical contacts with other Christian groups. The nave of their Holy Wisdom Temple features iconographic portraits of Orthodox saints as well as prominent non-Orthodox people, such as Pope John XXIII, Archbishop Michael Ramsey, and Mother Teresa of Calcutta, The communities also celebrate the feast of the Roman Catholic saint Francis of Assisi.

They have been criticized by Orthodox conservatives and traditionalists, but the Monks and Nuns have strongly defended their renewal of liturgy and monastic life. They believe this is a necessity if Orthodox monasticism is to be more than "museum-keeping" in the modern world. The monastery has a chapel community as well as a fellowship of lay people, known as Companions, who seek to be formally connected with New Skete in order to deepen their spiritual lives. Through their connection with New Skete, they work to incorporate monastic values that help them live out the call of the Gospel in a lay setting at the same time as they help to support New Skete's mission. This enrichment program serves those who seek to integrate prayer and spirituality in their daily activities, and enhances their commitment to their own Christian life.

In April 2007, the television show Divine Canine premiered on the cable television channel Animal Planet. The show featured the dog training program of the Monks of New Skete.

Monks of New Skete
The Monks of New Skete believe that an authentic and vibrant monasticism is an essential ingredient to healthy Church life. The monastic vocation is contemplative and apostolic, challenging both the Church and the world at large to fuller life. They note that monasticism has always incarnated itself within a particular cultural context.

Working to live as monks in the modern world, they have developed a daily schedule that integrates liturgical and personal prayer, work, study, and prudent openness to the world. Anchored in a daily cycle of matins and vespers (with Divine Liturgy on Sundays and feast days), they try to be available to all who come to the monastery, in a manner in keeping with their vocation. Many people visit the monastery each year, either to make retreats, attend services, visit the gift shop and grounds, or as dog customers.

Nuns of New Skete

The Nuns of New Skete, originally a group of Poor Clares, moved from Indiana in 1969 to establish their monastery near the monks' monastery. They support themselves by baking New York-style gourmet cheesecakes for sale in their gift shop and on their website.

Publications on religion and spirituality
In the Spirit of Happiness, The Monks of New Skete, Rider, 1999,
Rise Up with a Listening Heart, The Monks of New Skete, Yorkville Press, 2004,

Publications on raising and training dogs
How to Be Your Dog's Best Friend: The Classic Training Manual for Dog Owners (Revised & Updated Edition), The Monks of New Skete, Little, Brown and Company, September,  2002,
The Art of Raising a Puppy, The Monks of New Skete, Little, Brown and Company, March 20, 1991,
Divine Canine: The Monks' Way to a Happy, Obedient Dog, The Monks of New Skete, Hyperion, September 18, 2007,
 I & Dog, The Monks of New Skete, John Sann, and Monique Stauder (Photographer), Yorkville Press, November 3, 2003,
Bless the Dogs, The Monks of New Skete, Vincent Remini (photographer), Hachette, 2013
Let Dogs Be Dogs, The Monks of New Skete and Marc Goldberg, Little, Brown, and Company, 2017

References

External links
Common site for the communities
Monks of New Skete
Nuns of New Skete
Companions of New Skete

Eastern Orthodox monasteries in the United States
Christian organizations established in 1966
20th-century Christian monasteries
Dog training and behavior
Dog breeders
Sketes
Christian monasteries in the United States

New Skete (New York)