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ᎠᏍᏗᎪᎯᏍᏔᏅ ᎪᏪᎵ (Archive 2004-2017)

Ideas to aggressively delete or mostly blank poor-quality entries
I am currently streaming a video conference about the Cherokee language and language-revitalization efforts from Western Carolina University's Cherokee Language program where Dr. Hartwell Francis, the former director, is speaking. To paraphrase him, he stated that the Cherokee-language community has been aware of this project for a decade, but that many of the current Wikipedia articles are of remarkably poor quality because of the influence of bot-generated entries. This makes even looking at them incredibly demotivating because the challenge of fixing them is so daunting. Thus, he suggests cleaning up the project and perhaps revitalizing it through aggressive deleting of low-quality entries.

A possible alternative to mass deletion might be mass partial blanking to encourage more human-created edits. A poor quality article could be reduced to some boiler-plate text like "XXX is in need of an article" or "XXX had the previous article replaced with this text because it was poor-quality, but please feel free to begin a new article now", but in Cherokee. I am not a Cherokee-speaker, but I could help make these edits (or teach someone else to) if a boiler-plate text and a list of the low-quality demotivating entries were provided. I plan to notify Dr. Hartwell Francis about this thread, and let him know that I believe an bold approach like this is warranted (and feasible) in order to deal with what appears like a stagnant project. Any ideas? Biosthmors (talk) 16:00, 26 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)

Ping to User:Ooswesthoesbes, who I see has helped start short articles here (for example ᏣᎳᎩ ᎫᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ ᏚᏓᏥᏍᎬᎢ). Biosthmors (talk) 16:16, 26 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
If partial blanking or mass deletion of those pages results in more activity from native (or at least fluent) speakers, I have no objections :) Although I believe pages like ᏅᏃᎯ are also important to look at, as they seem to be bot generated articles which are not fully translated and probably incorrectly as well. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 16:35, 26 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
Thanks for the reply Ooswesthoesbes. For ᏅᏃᎯ, yes, I'd guess, just based on hearing people talk about Cherokee Wikipedia, that a lot is probably incorrectly translated. The concept of turning articles into much shorter versions of themselves ("stubs") should also be considered. (For reference, on English Wikipedia the concept is referred to as "stubifying".) If a couple sentences of useful content can be preserved or generated, then massively chopping a gargantuan poor-quality article down to a factual sentence or short paragraph is also a significant improvement. Biosthmors (talk) 17:20, 26 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
Cherokee Wikipedia is a 2007 guinea pig victim of an experiment in machine translation run by Jeffrey Merkey. The **** was just dumped onto the pages en masse. Any page longer than one sentence was produced by a computer program, and no human ever looked at it. Seb az86556 (talk) 21:41, 26 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
Thanks for the info. I found this showing more info about their contributions elsewhere. Biosthmors (talk) 21:53, 27 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
It's a very bad situation indeed. Automatic translation is especially bad when used for languages that are totally unrelated and function with a different grammar, such as from English to Cherokee. I propose to use a bot to add a template on top of all pages, so we can work to a way to fix them. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 13:41, 28 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
My understanding is that there are several hundred articles on this wiki? I've been clicking the random page generator button (top left "ᎤᏍᏆᏂᎪᏗ ᎤᏆᏓᏛ", for anyone who doesn't know] and blanking down to "Subject ...", as I just did here. This is blunt, but I just want to get started. I did see someone edit a page on this wiki to add a category, marking an article as machine translated. Maybe most of the horrendous articles are already categorized? I'll post that category when/if I find it. Biosthmors (talk) 18:11, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
:Category:Machine-translated articles. So after one cleans one up, remove the category? I just did this with ᏓᎬᎾ ᏥᏳ ᏗᏔᎳᏗᏍᏗ ᏚᎦᏘᎸᏒᎢ. Biosthmors (talk) 18:31, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
908 articles on chr wikipedia as of february, for what it's worth. Biosthmors (talk) 22:53, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
If we just had a list of articles on here sorted by size that would really help, since the large ones appear to be the garbage ones. Biosthmors (talk) 23:26, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2018 (UTC)
Special:LongPages is the link for this. Biosthmors (talk) 14:32, 3 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)  Thanks Biosthmors
I now start from number 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 or below in that list to find candidates to cleanup, for what it's worth. Biosthmors (talk) 15:33, 17 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
That's good :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 14:59, 18 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)

Thanks Biosthmors for starting this conversation and Ooswesthoesbes and Seb az86556 for providing context and clarification on the machine translation debacle. I see that editor was banned from Wikipedia a decade ago.

I also gave some remarks at the symposium at Western Carolina (I'm Derek). I think there would be interest in organizing an edit-a-thon out at Western Carolina, and hopefully we could get some of the fluent speakers to attend along with advanced learners. It would be great if, in preparation, we could clean all the garbage articles out. I like the idea of blanking them with boilerplate. It would be nice if there was a bot to do this, but if there are just a few hundred articles, we could probably get it done manually? I'm not a speaker, but could coordinate the translation of the boilerplate or template by a fluent speaker.

What else should we be considering if we wanted to reboot this project with an edit-a-thon? --R12ntech (talk) 18:24, 9 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
I'm pretty sure we can get a user run a bot to mark all pages automatically. That shouldn't be too much work. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:18, 10 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)

Shall I make a request so someone will run a bot on this wiki to mark all pages with a category like [[Category:To be checked]]? Or would you prefer the category to have another name? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 09:23, 13 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
That would be great, thanks. --R12ntech (talk) 15:40, 13 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
A user has already indicated she is willing to help us out :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 16:28, 18 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Hi. Is it correct that simply all pages in the main namespace should be added to the category "To be checked"? Should I run my bot with or without a bot flag? --MF-Warburg (talk) 12:12, 19 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Yes, that's correct. As there are virtually no edits on this wiki, I think a bot flag is not necessary. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:34, 20 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Done. By the way, I also unprotected a lot of pages in the Wikipedia namespace, see Special:Log/protect, which might be worth to look at / update / delete / ... --MF-Warburg (talk) 12:59, 20 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Thank you very much! Hopefully we can address the issue soon :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 14:53, 20 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
@Biosthmors, if you look here, Cherokee is currently at the top of the "100+ articles" list. If you start mass blanking and/deleting existing pages, then Cherokee's ranking in the list would decrease to near the bottom. In the past, language editions such as Chamorro, Dzongkha, Sango, Venda, Kirundi, Inupiak, Inuktitut, Xitsonga were all proposed by various users for Closure due to the low number of articles and no native speakers contributing, Language projects that were closed down (ie. locked down) include Ndonga, Choctaw, Kuanyama, Marshallese, Hiri Motu, Afar and Muscogee.
Even Zulu wikipedia was proposed for closure in the past, now would anyone even think of closing Zulu Wikipedia?
Mass deletion/blanking of pages will not result in a revival of Cherokee wikipedia, it would result in its continued stagnation and attract zero native speakers to edit here.
Imagine if all the stubs of Kashmiri Wikipedia were deleted right now, would a flood of Kashmiris start editing there?  Highly unlikely.
There are other methods that can be utilized to revive a Wikipedia project and they ought to be explored. --Philip J (talk) 04:18, 27 ᎧᎦᎵ 2019 (UTC)
There are 16,000 Cherokee speakers. If each Cherokee speaker created 1 article on Cherokee Wikipedia, then there will be 16,000 articles. Just ensure that they create good quality articles and not short 1 sentence stubs. The New Kituwah Academy teaches Cherokee to students. Maybe they can be contacted to participate here as part of a school classroom project? --Philip J (talk) 04:32, 27 ᎧᎦᎵ 2019 (UTC)
The biggest problem here is that there are 0 contributors with enough knowledge to create true articles. Contacting the Cherokee nation has been tried earlier, maybe through the wrong channels.
It should be noted that inactivity or no contents is generally no longer considered to be a valid reason to lock or delete a wiki nowadays. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 09:40, 27 ᎧᎦᎵ 2019 (UTC)

Random thoughts for someone knowledgeable about Cherokee

I searched for ᎠᎹᏍᎧᎦᎯ at cherokeedictionary.net but there were no hits. I noticed that one source defined a waterfall as ᎠᎹ ᎦᏙᎣᏍᎬᎢ, but I believe that was derived from a self-published source, for what it's worth. I wonder if it is an incorrect title. Biosthmors (talk) 10:14, 2 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
That website didn't have a definition for badger, so it's not as comprehensive as I was hoping, for what it's worth. Biosthmors (talk) 16:56, 2 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
When the ancient Cherokee saw waterfalls I am sure they believed them to be mystical. ᎠᎹ ᎦᏙᎣᏍᎬᎢ refers to nothing that I can find or have been taught. However, it may be derived from an "overfill of water", "absess or abundance of water", or even a "flood". What I do know is the Cherokee held, and for some still do hold, that water has a Spiritual connection to us and therefore the word(s) for waterfall have other meanings. ᎠᎹᏍᎧᎦᎯ means "waterfall" but also a name for "Water Spirits". ᎠᏥᎳᏗᏰᎯ, another word for "waterfall", also is a name given for the "Will o' the Wisp" which we now know to be the phenomenon when gases are released from a swamp and produce a light like a floating orb but to the ancient Cherokee would be seen as having Spirit connections. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 14:51, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I'm surprised to see that Jupiter ᏧᏈᏓ has Cherokee names for 50 of its moons. Where could that be verified? The word list cited in the article doesn't go into that kind of detail. Biosthmors (talk) 23:00, 2 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)

ᏓᏆ is linked, through Wikidata I presume, as being about baleen whales. But the consortium word list states ᏓᏆ just means whale. Biosthmors (talk) 17:12, 6 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Now fixed. Biosthmors (talk) 16:11, 9 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)

:Category:ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ shows the word being used most commonly for economics here, but ᎠᎾᎵᏏᏀᎢᏍᏗᏍᎩ (my emphasis) is given when one searches for a match at http://cherokeedictionary.net/ Biosthmors (talk) 20:08, 2 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Shall I move the category to the correct form "ᎠᎾᎵᏏᏀᎢᏍᏗᏍᎩ", including all the pages that are in it? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:52, 3 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Maybe we should wait for someone who knows more about Cherokee to comment? I've heard some words can be represented with alternate forms. But if you want to be bold and go ahead and do so, I wouldn't object. Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 19:27, 3 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Is there a difference between "economy" and "economics" in English? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:13, 4 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Yes. Why do you ask about that? ᎠᎵᏏᏅᏙᏗ is given as economy in the Noquisis word list, for what it's worth. And I'm assuming a bit that ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ means economics anyhow, from context. A recent post here shows two varieties (Eastern and Western) for the word for :en:w:Fire Pink, for what it's worth. I wonder if ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ and ᎠᎾᎵᏏᏀᎢᏍᏗᏍᎩ are just two different dialectal forms. Biosthmors (talk) 23:55, 5 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
In that case, let's leave it for now. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:24, 7 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
@Biosthmors@Ooswesthoesbes I hope tagging you both is ok. Biosthmors is correct in the dialectal differences. The Eastern or Kituwah dialect uses "ts" in place of the more widely used "tl" in the Western or Overhill dialect. These differences are not only found in written but also spoken Cherokee. "Ts" in the Western dialect is spoken as a soft "J" as in jaw. At any rate, ᎠᎾᎵᏏᏀᎢᏍᏗᏍᎩ is most often used for "economics" while ᎠᎵᏏᏅᏙ is used for "economy". For what it is worth, Economic is ᎠᎳᏏᏅᏙᏗ while Economical is ᎠᎳᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗ, respectively. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 16:22, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)
Tagging is always okay. That way people get a message and know there is something to read here. :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 17:14, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)
The word "ᎠᎾᎵᏏᏀᎢᏍᏗᏍᎩ" appears to be the result of a bad transliteration conversion. It transliterates to "analisinahisdisgi". The word "ᎠᎾᎵᏏᎾᎯᏍᏗᏍᎩ" also transliterates to analisinahisdisgi. The first form with "ᏀᎢ' in the middle is incorrect. Reasoning: "Ꮐ" is an obsolete glyph that is not used and has not been used since nearly the creation of the Syllabary (relatively speaking). --ᎹᎦᎵ

I wonder what ᏅᏓ ᎢᎦ ᎡᎯ ᎤᏪᏥ ᎠᎨᏳᏣ means and if there an English-language Wikipedia article on the same topic. Biosthmors (talk) 22:10, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2018 (UTC)
The only words I think I can out of it are "sun", "son" and "girl", so maybe it's somekind of story/myth? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 09:48, 6 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2018 (UTC)

Interface translation
This Wikipedia was created before the Incubator system, so there has apparently never been a major push to complete the interface translation. If anyone wants to work on this, the Cherokee portal on translatewiki is here: , and the direct link to the "most important messages" for the Mediawiki interface is here:

Here's a brief article on the topic: Translating the software that powers Wikipedia --R12ntech (talk) 19:32, 11 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Thanks for these links. One of the interface links I have been creating a decent amount is one via Template:Commons. However, I just(diff) unlinked the term ᏫᎩᎻᏗᎠ ᎪᎼᏄᏍ in this template because I'm guessing ᏫᎩᎻᏗᎠ ᎪᎼᏄᏍ means Wikimedia Commons and a separate link to/about that project seems slightly spammy, as if we're promoting Wikimedia Foundation wikis over other sources. Biosthmors (talk) 15:22, 19 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2018 (UTC)

It would be nice to have Template:Stub translated into Cherokee. Biosthmors (talk) 13:07, 15 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Yes, any idea how to translate this? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:44, 19 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Admin

Considering we probably got a lot of clean-up work to do, I want to request admin rights to delete unsalvageable pages, so we don't get a way too long backlog. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 14:59, 18 ᎧᏩᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Temporary admin access has been granted, so I can delete pages now for clean up. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:13, 1 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Cool. Would it be reasonable for you to post here (or somewhere else) what you might delete and why? Maybe we could use this thread as a place to propose/discuss/act upon articles people think would be better off deleted. To begin, I've noticed some random pages around here, such as Zemeros flegyas, a S. and SE Asian butterfly species, or Ayyavazhi, a Hindu denomination. I would guess that those articles would be good candidates to delete because they are in no way connected to the Cherokee language, culture, or history, as far as I am aware. (Actually I notice that Ooswesthoesbes you created the one on the butterfly, for what it's worth.) Biosthmors (talk) 20:22, 2 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Sure, post them here.
Please keep in mind that Wikipedia is an ideal platform for Sprachausbau: showing that the Cherokee language is more than just connected to its own culture, and can be used to discuss everything in all domains (including things on the other side of the world, or even further). A more valid reason to delete Zemeros flegyas would be that it has no real contents except for an image and the chances are low that it will be expanded. (As you are aware, I have only superficial knowledge of Cherokee and can't write my own sentences. I created the article a long time ago. Then they wanted to close this wiki, and I tried to do some activity to prevent closure). --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:50, 3 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
I agree with what you're saying about Sprachausbau. I'd say the unlikeliness that it will be expanded would be the best reason. My cleanup activities around here (example) are premised on the idea that the beginning of a sentence (despite it not containing any significant content) will make it easier for someone to write a decent introductory sentence or two on a topic. Biosthmors (talk) 19:22, 3 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Sure :) Mark any page you see fit for deletion with {{Delete}}, and I'll run through them. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:13, 4 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)

ᎠᏑᏫᏍᏗ means rouge according to http://cherokeedictionary.net/ , but it is currently the title of the article for color. Color appears to be ᏗᎧᏃᏗ, which is currently only a redirect to ᎠᏑᏫᏍᏗ. Perhaps we should delete the redirect at ᏗᎧᏃᏗ and move the color article there, then delete the leftover redirect for ᎠᏑᏫᏍᏗ? Biosthmors (talk) 19:37, 3 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Done. However, I kept the redirect for now, as it is linked a lot. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:13, 4 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
I have personally used ᎠᏑᏫᏍᏗ for color and ᏗᏑᏫᏍᏗ for colors but ᏗᎧᏃᏗ is listed as the word for color in many dictionaries and word lists. Thank you for keeping this as a redirect @Ooswesthoesbes. Perhaps the confusion is that rouge is color and therefore the words are interchangeable. I don't believe either is incorrect at this point. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 19:12, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

Delete?
I placed {{Delete}} on Sung Jae-gi. I think we should delete it because it seems unlikely it will ever be expanded to contain quality Cherokee-language content. I also don't like the idea that it has an English name as a title, but I imagine that can't be avoided sometimes. For comparison, at :en:w:Sung Jae-gi, the article has been getting an average of 12 page views a day, for what it's worth. Biosthmors (talk) 16:33, 15 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
That page is just POV-pushing spam (self-promotional), so it's gone. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:53, 16 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᏩᎦᏧᎧᏅᏍᏕᎾ ᎤᏂᎾᏗᏅᏗ, an article on market trends. I think this article should be deleted because it is a highly specialized topic that is unlikely to be edited, was machine-translated, and seems better scrubbed from the site than to even leave a stub. The article hasn't had any significant edits in the last 12 or so years. I only see that some minor edits (such as fixing transliterations into the Cherokee script) have been made. Biosthmors (talk) 02:36, 23 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
I agree, it is way too specific for now. It's better to focus on articles with more priority. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:49, 23 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)

I marked ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ because it appears to be a common word for flower (but can also mean either rose or orchid per the online dictionary) that is currently redirecting to the rose article. Flower (ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ) is a fundamental topic that should exist as a red link until a standalone article is created, in my opinion. Biosthmors (talk) 02:19, 25 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Agreed :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 09:29, 25 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
I would leave this as is. ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ is used for "flowers". I have seen ᎠᏂᎠᏥᎳᏍ used for "flowers" too. Flower(singular) is most often spelled ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ(blossom) or ᎱᏥᎸᎭ but I have even seen it shortened to ᎠᏥᎳᏍ or ᏥᎳ. Rose could be my namesake, ᏥᏍᏚᎾᎩᏍᎧ(Wild Rose), or both ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ(plural) and ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ(singular), respectively. I have seen ᎠᏥᎸᏍᎩ used to refer to orchid before. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 12:39, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I marked ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ with {{Delete}}. It took me longer than usual to get a decent idea about what's the topic of the article. The online dictionary gives definitions of aid, charity, rescue, assist, protect, intercede, and relief for the term. Wikidata thinks it's about the Great Commandment. One reason I'm of the opinion to delete is because there isn't an apparent lead section/first sentence to orient readers. (ᎧᏁᏨ means word so I'm guessing that first section is about etymology?) For what it's worth, :en:w:Charity (virtue) and :en:w:Charity (practice) are separate topics on English Wikipedia. It seems charity is the topic of the article. There have been no significant edits to the article in the last 12 years, only minor changes from Roman letters into the Cherokee syllabary since the machine-translated data dump. It just seems better to delete this one to me. Biosthmors (talk) 17:56, 29 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
Done. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 12:27, 30 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2018 (UTC)
I did not get to see the content of the article prior to deletion but if it was not depicting the act of offering aid, charity, assistance, protection or intercession or the action of rescuing then it was probably incorrectly attributed. ᎠᏓᏍᏕᎸᏗ is a word of action, not a simple virtue. Good catch! --Tsistunagiska (talk) 12:49, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ. This machine-translated article is intended to be about tools. However, the term ᎪᎱᏍᏗ ᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ is defined as instruments in the Cherokee online dictionary. (Another term is used for tools.) It appears this article is so bad that it can't even get the title right. We might as well scrap it. Biosthmors (talk) 13:31, 8 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
ᎪᎱᏍᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ does mean "instrument" but can also refer to a "tool" to complete a task. When referring to "tools"(plural) then ᎪᎱᏍᏗᏗᎬᏔᏂᏓᏍᏗ is used. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 13:00, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

Similarly, I placed {{Delete}} on ᏁᎵᏒ. It is supposed to be about thought, but the dictionary defines it as assumed. Another word is given for thought. Biosthmors (talk) 23:34, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
This is a case where the bot (if used) most likely took Nelisv and split the syllables as Ne-li-sv which is ᏁᎵᏒ, however, the proper split is Ne-li-s-v which is ᏁᎵᏍᎥ. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 13:13, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

And I placed {{Delete}} on ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸ because it is machine-translated to be about telegraphy, but the dictionary defines ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸ as publication. For what it's worth, the dictionary says telegram is ᎠᎾᎦᎳᏔᏅ. Biosthmors (talk) 13:08, 13 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

I'll deal with those pages once I get the necessary tools. Did you forget to place the deletion template on ᏕᎦᏃᏣᎸ or have you changed your mind? --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:00, 14 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Great. Yes, I forgot to place the template. I'll do that now. Thank you. Biosthmors (talk) 13:09, 14 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Please delete Coat of Arms. It's drive by tagging/vandalism. Biosthmors (talk) 00:50, 24 ᎧᏩᏂ 2019 (UTC)
Done. If any new pages are created by vandalism, you can just tag them. I will regularly check Recent changes anyway :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:14, 24 ᎧᏩᏂ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎦᎸᎳᏗᏦᏒ ᎠᏓᏅᏒ ᏧᎾᏁᎶᏗᎢ with the following rationale: One can see the discussion at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Heaven_Sent_Gaming for example. I would suspect this article was established for promotional purposes. It's just not important enough for an article here. Biosthmors (talk) 19:54, 20 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎧᎹᎹ ᎤᏔᎾ. The article is about https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantidae but we don't even have an article on elephant at the moment here. This topic is just too technical to be useful at this point in time on this project, in my opinion. Biosthmors (talk) 20:00, 20 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

Similarly, I placed on {{Delete}} on ᏏᏆᎤᏤᏣᏍᏗ as it's also a technical biological concept ( https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6584653 ). I went ahead and deleted the link back to that Cherokee article on Wikidata. I also went ahead and created an article on opossum with a picture (ᏏᏆ ᎤᏤᏥᏍᏗ), since we didn't previously have one. Biosthmors (talk) 21:57, 20 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on Zemeros flegyas. It's an Asian species of butterfly, and I don't see how there would be a Cherokee word for it. There were no hits when searching for the English word "Zemeros" in the Cherokee online dictionary. Honestly, I don't see why we should host obscure articles here that have no conceivable connection to the Cherokee language. I feel like this encyclopedia needs to prioritize things that are relevant in Cherokee if we are to attract those wishing to preserve and revitalize the language. Any article we host here, in my opinion, is an implicit request for contributions from those with Cherokee knowledge. And since Cherokee is endangered, and that resource (Cherokee knowledge) is exceedingly scarce, I feel like we should be mindful of that and typically only host relevant concepts or things of general interest to a global population. (A random Polish town or village would not qualify, for example. I recall seeing those on this site.) For examples of relevant concepts in Cherokee, this link shows files with terms for animals, insects, and plants that are documented on the Cherokee Nation website. Biosthmors (talk) 20:35, 20 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎠᏣᏅᏙ. This word is defined as ornament, and despite that, this title used to host the article on plasma, which has been moved and is now at ᎩᎦ ᎤᎸᏌᏓ. An inappropriate redirect remains. Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 18:26, 29 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

I placed on {{Delete}} on Ayyavazhi. It is a Hindu denomination of 8 to 10 million people according to the English Wikipedia. One day when there's an article on Hinduism (one doesn't currently exists according to Wikidata) perhaps it can be mentioned there. This topic is too specialized for this project's purposes at this moment. When so many things that do have Cherokee words for them aren't covered here I just don't see the point. The same goes for Carl Menger. Perhaps he could be mentioned on an economics article should one be written. I placed the delete template there as well. Biosthmors (talk) 23:39, 29 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on the redirect ᎠᏬᎭᎵ. It redirects to the concept of eagle, however it appears that this redirect is main word for eagle according to a dictionary search. So I propose moving ᏬᎭᎵ (eagle) there when it is deleted. Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 20:06, 13 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎢᏃᎵ. It is currently linked to Wikidata as the American badger. However, I can't find a word for badger on the online dictionary. There also isn't a word for badger on the Cherokee Nation poster of animals. However, I did find the word ᎢᏃᎵ on the Consortium Word List, which says it means "black fox". After looking that up it might refer to a historical person as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Fox_(Cherokee_chief) or to an animal as https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_fox_(animal) , or both concepts perhaps. I propose deleting it for now as it appears we have it wrong for the moment. Biosthmors (talk) 20:19, 13 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
The Cherokee word for badger is ᎤᎫᎾ. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 13:36, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎬᏂᎨᏧᎵ. I couldn't find any evidence that this was the correct word for the red fox. For what it's worth, ᏧᎵ is the accepted word for fox according to the Cherokee Nation poster of animals. Biosthmors (talk) 20:28, 13 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
ᏧᎳ seems to be the current entry on fox for what it's worth. Maybe ᏧᎳ and ᏧᎵ are synonyms. To be determined. Biosthmors (talk) 17:45, 14 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
The Cherokee Nation word list gives ᏧᎳ for fox. Interesting. The Raven Rock/Eastern dialect dictionary gives ᏧᎳ ᎩᎦᎨ for the red fox. Both the Noquisis word list and the Raven Rock Dictionary give ᏧᎳ for fox, so with three sources I think it's safe to say ᏧᎳ is the predominant word for fox. Biosthmors (talk) 17:19, 20 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
ᎬᏂᎨ is described as "the color of death" which also refers to black and used in many names of animals such as black bear (ᎬᏂᎨᏲᎾ). ᎩᎦᎨ is the color of red. ᏧᎵ may refer to the plural of fox and therefore when speaking of the entire species of black fox you may refer to it as ᎬᏂᎨᏧᎵ. ᏧᎵ also appears in words like ᏧᎵᎬᏩᎳᏅᎯ which means "process". To your later point, ᏧᎳ is also accepted as the written word for "fox" but may refer to a single fox. That would justify the differences between what is written in the above mentioned poster and the words you located in the dictionaries. It could also be differences in the dialects as I am studying the Western Dialect, which is more commonly used. ᎢᏃᎵ does refer to Chief Blackfox of the Cherokee and not the animal.--Tsistunagiska (talk) 20:32, 3 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᏗᏂᏃᎨᏂ because the dictionary says it is defined as "arms" but right now it is tied to the concept of rifle via Wikidata. When you go to the dictionary to search for arm, then you see that ᏗᎧᏃᎨᏂ is the NC medical definition for arms. And ᎦᏃᎨᏂ is given as the term for his arm. Given that all of these words have ᏃᎨᏂ in them, I suspect this is a biological term, and not one for armaments. Given the ambiguity, and the fact there's no real content, I say we should just delete it. Biosthmors (talk) 20:34, 15 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on Ꮄꭲꮹ. It appears someone interested in Japanese culture added the article, but it isn't a Cherokee word I think it's safe to assume. If we're proven wrong later, the article can be recreated. I also placed the delete template on Ꮌꮩ Ꭶꭰꮚꭱꮎ Ꮙꮚꮎ Ꮤꮳ as it is something relevant in Japanese but not in Cherokee, I presume. Ethnologue says ~1500 people speak Cherokee right now. I imagine they are talking about something else in Cherokee than random things that are concepts in Japanese. Biosthmors (talk) 18:04, 17 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᎠᏫᏳᏍᏘ. I could not find a match for antelope in the either online dictionary or the animals poster. I don't know how we can make sure this is the right word. For what it's worth, the google definition says that antelope are African and/or Asian, so I'm not sure a Cherokee word for them even exists. And as an aside, specific Cherokee words for bird species abound. I'm guessing we're missing a lot of those articles. Biosthmors (talk) 20:47, 17 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
I can imagine words for non-native animals exist. In Limburgish, we've got words like tieger too, while tigers do not natively occur in our region. For now, I'd give this one the benefit of the doubt. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:17, 20 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
ᎠᏫᏳᏍᏘ is the Cherokee word for antelope. This one is correct. There are multiple word dictionaries on the internet. I am working to consolidate most into one but it is an arduous task as I am adamant about accuracy. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 20:53, 3 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

I placed {{Delete}} on ᏡᎬᎢ. It is a redirect to the current tree article ᏡᎬ, but I find ᏡᎬᎢ more frequently as the word for tree in the dictionary. Also, for what it's worth, ᏡᎬ is only defined in the online dictionary as a Microsoft computing term for a data tree. I guess leaving it as a redirect to ᏡᎬᎢ is fine though. Biosthmors (talk) 16:51, 21 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
ᏡᎬᎢ or ᏡᎬ have been used as "tree". I have also seen ᏣᎵᎫ and ᎢᏢᎬ used to describe a tree, however that may have been to represent a specific species of tree and not a tree in general. ᏕᏡᎬ has been used to describe trees in plural. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 13:42, 5 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

Prolonging temporary admin access

@Biosthmors and other users: my admin access expires on the 30th of July. I would like to prolong it, as I have used it a few times the past three months. I hope you agree with that :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:11, 21 ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Works for me! Biosthmors (talk) 16:34, 22 ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 2018 (UTC)
They've prolonged it for half a year, to expire on 30 January :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:18, 31 ᎫᏰᏉᏂ 2018 (UTC)
Is it time for another renewal Ooswesthoesbes, or did they already grant you the user rights again? Best. Biosthmors (talk) 21:18, 9 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
No, I'll make the announcement :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:39, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Temporary admin access again
Dear people, as my admin access expired over a month ago, I would like to reapply if you all agree :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:40, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Agreed. Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 13:38, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

I informed meta here. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:47, 19 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Granted for 6 months. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 16:29, 19 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Site notice

The site notice posts "Do you speak ᏣᎳᎩ ᎧᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ? Help us to revive the Cherokee Wikipedia! Discuss the future of this project on ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᎿᎢ." for all newcomers to view I presume, and I just never dismiss it. I use the link to ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᎿᎢ to come here from time to time. But no matter what Cherokee Wikipedia page I view right now, the link to ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᎿᎢ is bold and doesn't actually link here. Any ideas? Thanks. Biosthmors (talk) 13:42, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Well it's an active link again, and I guess I just closed out a browser window and reopened one. I'm don't know what would cause this. Biosthmors (talk) 13:52, 12 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
It must be, as for me it is functioning just fine too. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 09:55, 14 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Hi guys

I'm one of those that originally tried to whip up some steam in regards to this Cherokee Wiki a million years ago (I added the Cherokee keyboard under the edit box etc). I'm glad to see some more people being active. I am nowhere near a good speaker though, so mostly I just help in the background. I just wanted to say I'm here too! Cheers, Nesnad (talk) 18:14, 28 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Hello there! Thanks for your contributions, and thanks for saying hello. I saw this in the news about students writing in Cherokee. Maybe reaching out to tsalagi dideloquasdi, the Cherokee immersion school in Tahlequah, Oklahoma, is worth a shot? I wish I knew more Cherokee, but I just know a tiny amount. But I'm happy to help answer questions about editing here if someone with Cherokee knowledge has any questions. Best wishes. Biosthmors (talk) 01:48, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Hi! :) That might be a good idea indeed. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 10:18, 29 ᎠᏄᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Hello again Nesnad! I was wondering if you might be able to help out with something (two somethings actually). First, what does ᏛᎿᎢ ᏙᎪᏪᎸ mean? I tried to look those words up at http://www.cherokeedictionary.net/ but I didn't get any hits. Also, I was uncertain if ᎦᏂᏝᎢ is the right word for animals. I shared alternatives to that spelling at Talk:ᎦᏂᏝᎢ. Do you have any thoughts? Many thanks! And best wishes. Biosthmors (talk) 20:39, 25 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
As I said above, I am less than a good speaker, so I guess I failed. 2011 is too long ago to remember what sources I was studying from, but clearly I got excited to learn something new and added a page that was wrong? From the grouping it is pretty clear I thought I learned how to classify animals scientifically, but that is clearly wrong as you point out. Should be redirected or renamed, I think the list is somewhat useful though. Although I suppose the subsets of the list (although I didn't make them) should be checked too. Cheers, Nesnad (talk) 01:00, 27 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
Ah no worries, and thanks for the reply! I don't think there's any rush to do anything with ᏛᎿᎢ ᏙᎪᏪᎸ. Perhaps it's a good idea for an article based on a good source you were using. Best wishes. Biosthmors (talk) 01:47, 27 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)
@Biosthmors@Nesnad@Ooswesthoesbes The Cherokee word for animals is ᎡᎿᎢ and for animal is ᎦᎾᏝᎢ. ᎦᎾᏝᎢ is Gan(a)tlai where the "a" is silent and only added to bring the word into compliance with Sequoyah's Syllabary. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 20:46, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)
It looks like there was some classroom and/or Cherokee Nation involvement here back in 2009 on ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎾᏕᎶᏆᏍᏗ (the article for Tsalagi Dideloquasdi, the Cherokee Immersion School) and ᏪᏌ, for what it's worth. Biosthmors (talk) 18:28, 27 ᏕᎭᎷᏱ 2019 (UTC)

Multilingual Shared Templates and Modules
Hello chr-wiki community! ()

I recently organized a project to share templates and modules between wikis. It allows modules and templates to be "language-neutral", and store all text translations on Commons. This means that it is enough to copy/paste a template without any changes, and update the translations separately. If someone fixes a bug or adds a new feature in the original module, you can copy/paste it again without any translation work. My bot DiBabelYurikBot can help with copying. This way users can spend more time on content, and less time on updating and copying templates. Please see project page for details and ask questions on talk page.

P.S. I am currently running for the Wikimedia board, focusing on content and support of multi-language communities. If you liked my projects like maps, graphs, or this one, I will be happy to receive your support. (any registered user group can vote). Thank you! --Yurik (talk) 05:59, 11 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2019 (UTC)

Question

Hello all! I'm Jonathan. I'm an editor on the English Wikipedia, but this is my first time here on the Cherokee Wikipedia. Nice to meet everyone!
I was wondering if anyone is still trying to revive this wiki. If so, who's still here? What's being done? Is there any way I could help?
I live in North Carolina, so I thought maybe I could try to get in touch with local Cherokee. I don't have any personal relations to the Cherokee people, and don't speak Cherokee, but after reading that Cherokee is on the verge of becoming extinct I was hoping I could help out in some way...
Does anyone know of any good Cherokee language learning materials? Are any Cherokee speakers currently working on this wiki? What are some topics that need articles? Are there any decent translation tools from languages with many good articles into Cherokee? What are some of the best existing articles on this wiki?
Might it make sense to try to write some decent articles in English about topics that are relevant to the Cherokee people, and then try to translate them into Cherokee?
Here are some topics that I think might be relevant:
 anything about the Cherokee language
 Cherokee ceremonies, rituals, etc
 Modern Cherokee people (the various tribes, areas with significant Cherokee populations, etc)
 Cherokee schools, immersion programs
 important Cherokee literature
 Cherokee language learning materials (maybe have a section in the wiki that provides links to such materials)? My idea is to help anyone who is interested learn enough Cherokee to be able to write basic articles for this wiki.
If there's anything I can do to help out, let me know! JonathanHopeThisIsUnique (talk) 02:55, 30 ᏚᏂᏅᏗ 2019 (UTC)
Hi! :) I'm still regularly watching this wiki for since of life or vandalism, but it has gone quiet recently. The general lack of knowledge of the Cherokee language prevents us from doing anything more than remove incorrect automatic translations and other clean-up activities.
The overall poor quality of the articles seems to put off any true speakers of the language, which is unfortunate. If you happen to be in contact with any of them, you can always point out that we need their help! :) --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:36, 30 ᏚᏂᏅᏗ 2019 (UTC)
Thanks for responding so quickly, and nice to meet you!
Currently I only know one person of Cherokee ancestry, a good friend of mine. He doesn't speak Cherokee, but I can check if he's in contact with anyone who does, perhaps his extended family.
Beyond that, do you know of any wikis that focus on Cherokee affairs? Even if not necessarily written in Cherokee, perhaps such wikis might be helpful in preserving Cherokee culture... And in the other direction, do you know of any other Wikimedia Foundation projects that deal with Cherokee matters? JonathanHopeThisIsUnique (talk) 17:39, 30 ᏚᏂᏅᏗ 2019 (UTC)
It's always worth trying, so of course you can ask :)
As far as I'm aware, we've got the Cherokee Wikipedia, and a lot of Cherokee affairs on the English Wikipedia, but I don't know of any wiki that focusses solely on Cherokee. --Ooswesthoesbes (talk) 08:26, 31 ᏚᏂᏅᏗ 2019 (UTC)

Hello

I am from the english wikipedia. If you need anything from me let me know. I am on the SWMT. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Bobherry Bobherry (talk) 04:23, 17 ᎧᎦᎵ 2020 (UTC) :en:User:Bobherry

Greetings

I am very honored to find such a discussion like this. I will promote this with the (http://www.cherokeeheritage.org/) Cherokee Heritage Center the next time I am able to communicate with them. Perhaps that will get some interest going. This is a perfect way to keep the written language alive. --Tsistunagiska (talk) 10:35, 4 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)

Greetings from a long time avid pursuer of Cherokee, who can sort of pronounce Cherokee words and recognize an occasional word. I've memorized the syllabary and can sing the first verse of Amazing Grace. I do try very hard to be accurate, although I know very little.
I could type in things in the language ( at least when using my phone, not this Chromebook ). Oops, not logged in. I am Anijilvsgi/ R. D. Flowers.
I am retired and have some time available, and am willing to do work for the language and this wiki, that needs only a little knowledge of the language. I do have some reference material, including the 27 lesson language book. I could type lists from it and other sources, and even short reasonable use conversational passages.
I live in Chattanooga, TN, and have only a 1/64 traceable Cher ancestry (of which I am proud). I have many issues of the Journal of Cherokee Studies, and if given permission by the copyright holders, could even type in stories and/or articles from it.
There is someone more knowledgeable by far than me, that I will approach to see if he will get involved here.  126.96.36.199 08:00, 30 ᏄᏓᏕᏆ 2021 (UTC)

The Universal Code of Conduct (UCoC): we want to hear from you.
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Related conversation about Scots Wikipedia

Siyo! There's an interesting discussion about the Scots Wikipedia happening over at Meta, maybe some of you have already seen it: m:Requests for comment/Disruptive editing on sco.wikipedia on an unparalleled scale. Apparently that wiki also has a catastrophic problem with poorly-translated content. While the context is a bit different (chr's bad machine translations vs. sco's bad human translations) the resulting problems are similar. I'll be interested to see what approach they take to resolving them. --R12ntech (talk) 17:23, 26 ᎦᎶᏂᎢ 2020 (UTC)
Wado, R12ntech. There are similarities. Hopefully our solution here is to link up with fluent speakers aided by the Cherokee Nation and/or Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians to promote this wiki as a useful tool and beneficial to the preservation of the culture and language of the Cherokee at-large.Tsistunagiska (talk) 17:41, 11 ᏚᎵᎢᏍᏗ 2020 (UTC)
Speaking of bad machine translations: The first translator I found on google gives the name of this page as "I am going to Beer-sheba; near the blacks of the same." Which is obviously BS. Casualdejekyll (talk) 00:19, 30 ᎧᏩᏂ 2022 (UTC)

Invitation to participate in the UCoC conversation
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We are excited to share a draft of the Universal Code of Conduct, which the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees called for earlier this year, for your review and feedback. The discussion will be open until October 6, 2020.

The UCoC Drafting Committee wants to learn which parts of the draft would present challenges for you or your work. What is missing from this draft? What do you like, and what could be improved?

Please join the conversation and share this invitation with others who may be interested to join, too.

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Thanks in advance for your attention and contributions, The Trust and Safety team at Wikimedia Foundation, 17:55, 10 верасня 2020 (UTC)

Cherokee localization for Telegram!
Hello, Cherokee Wikipedia editors. I don't speak Cherokee, but I'm here to tell you that, since this week, Telegram has a platform for localizing/translating the app to Cherokee language. You have to join the translation discussion group here to begin translating the Telegram app: https://t.me/translation_tsalagi Thank you!

How can I help to expand?
Hey there! This is an editor from Tagalog Wikipedia, and I was wondering if I could help expand Cherokee Wikipedia. How can I decode the alphabet? Do you know any reputable online translators for Cherokee? If there is no online translator, is there a trusted person that I can contact? Thanks! ~~~~
no, no, and no. But thanks. :) Seb az86556 (talk) 19:05, 7 ᎠᎾᎠᎬᏘ 2021 (UTC)
Sometimes, translators are not good. Use a dictionary.
Yes, here is a Cherokee script generator/decoder (you can do either Latin to Cherokee script or Cherokee to Latin script). I don't know of any (good) machine translators for Cherokee (apparently the Cherokee Nation is helping Google Translate add Cherokee and the Google search engine is available in Cherokee), so I would recommend using an online dictionary.

Country list in Cherokee

Hi, I just have been contributing (note I'm Australian so I don't know HEAPS of Cherokee) and I found an online list of every country and dependency name in Cherokee (written in Cherokee script). Feel free to view it here. It would be useful so we can A expand this Wikipedia and get to 1,000 articles and B so we can (eventually) make a Cherokee version of :en:List of sovereign states. Thanks. 184.108.40.206 05:55, 20 ᏚᎵᎢᏍᏗ 2021 (UTC)

Select You the question statements for candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter

Into 2021-10-04 11:59:59 UTC you can select question statements for the candidates of Drafting Committee Movement Charter. ✍ Dušan Kreheľ (talk) 22:01, 29 ᏚᎵᎢᏍᏗ 2021 (UTC)

Call for Feedback about the Board of Trustees elections is now open

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The Call for Feedback: Board of Trustees elections is now open and will close on 7 February 2022.

With this Call for Feedback, the Movement Strategy and Governance team is taking a different approach. This approach incorporates community feedback from 2021. Instead of leading with proposals, the Call is framed around key questions from the Board of Trustees. The key questions came from the feedback about the 2021 Board of Trustees election. The intention is to inspire collective conversation and collaborative proposal development about these key questions.

Join the conversation.

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Xeno (WMF) (talk) 01:22, 15 ᏚᏃᎸᏔᏂ 2022 (UTC)

Project namespace name

Hello Chrwiki folks! I noticed that MassMessages to this page are failing to arrive, because it is not configured as an actual "Project:" namespace, but is simply a page in the main (content) namespace with a prefix of "ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:"

If you would like this changed, you can just follow the instructions at m:Requesting wiki configuration changes#How to request a change. (I.e. File a Phabricator task, confirming the details of what you want the "Project:" namespace to be localized as.)

Additionally, in your request, it might help to note that there are 3 pages (and 1 redirect) which you'd like moved: https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:&namespace=0 (If I understand correctly)

I hope that information helps! Quiddity (WMF) (talk) 22:13, 3 ᎠᏄᏱ 2022 (UTC)

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Hello

Hello there to anyone who sees this. I have been lurking around looking at this wiki for the past couple of months or so and have decided to finally try and get involved. I don't know much Cherokee, but I have been trying to learn. I'm posting here to see if there is anyone who is still active on this project who can fill me in on what is happening right now. A cursory glance at Special:RecentChanges shows that most of the recent changes have been made by a couple of IP users, with some edits by logged in users appearing here and there. To be honest, I'm not really expecting anyone to respond to this post, but I do hope that there is someone who still cares about this project.

Thanks,
-- Waffledogefern (talk) 05:03, 17 ᏚᏃᎸᏔᏂ 2023 (UTC)

Plans to enable Content and Section translation tool in Cherokee Wikipedia

 Cherokee Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your native language, .

The WMF Language team is pleased to let you know that we will like to enable the Section and Content translation tool in Cherokee Wikipedia. For this, our team will love you to read about the tool and test the new Section Translation tool so you can:

 Give us your feedback

 Ask us questions

 Tell us how to improve it

Below is background information about the tools and how you can test the Section translation tool.

Background information

Content Translation has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. However, the tool is not out of beta in Cherokee Wikipedia, limiting the discoverability of the tool and its use and blocking the enablement of the Section translation in your Wikipedia

Section Translation extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

 Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones

 Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device

We plan to enable the tools on Cherokee Wikipedia in 2 weeks if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we'll monitor the content created with the tools and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have as a reply to this message or on the project talk page

Try the Section translation tool

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in our testing instance. Once it is enabled, you'll have access to https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

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ᏫᎩᏇᏗᏯ:ᎾᎥ ᏄᎾᏓᎸ ᎾᎿᎢ


Buncom (also spelled Bunkum or Buncombe) is an abandoned mining town at the confluence of the Little Applegate River and Sterling Creek in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. It is approximately  southwest of Medford, at an elevation of  above sea level.
The site is promoted by the local historical society as a ghost town.

History
Buncom was first settled by Chinese miners in 1851 when gold was discovered in nearby Sterling Creek and Jacksonville.
Minerals such as cinnabar, chromite, and silver were also mined. A general store was built, and in 1861 J. T. Williams opened a saloon. The Buncom Mining District was created in 1867. Buncom post office was established in 1896. By 1918, the gold in the area was depleted, the post office was closed, and the town was abandoned. Most of the buildings were later burned down.

Only three buildings from the early 1900s remain: the post office (built in 1910), the cookhouse, and the bunkhouse.
In 1991, the Buncom Historical Society was created. The society replaced all three of the roofs of the buildings in Buncom. The society has also restored the porch of the post office and the eaves of the cookhouse.

Climate
This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above . According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Buncom has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

See also
List of ghost towns in Oregon

References

External links

Photo of Buncom's Post Office by Wes Dickinson
Buncom, Oregon - Southern Oregon's Hidden Ghost Town

Populated places established in 1851
Ghost towns in Oregon
Unincorporated communities in Jackson County, Oregon
1851 establishments in Oregon Territory
Unincorporated communities in Oregon

Buncom, Oregon


Lucas van Uden (18 October 1595 – 4 November 1672) was a leading Flemish landscape painter, draughtsman and engraver, who lived and worked in Antwerp.  He was a leading landscape painter who collaborated with various local figure painters.  His most original works are his drawings.

Life
Lucas van Uden was born in Antwerp as the son of Artus van Uden and Joanna Tranoy. His father was Antwerp's city painter, a position which required him to paint the City's buildings and refurbish and gild the statues of the city and the pieces used in the ommegang.  Lucas had a brother Jacob who also became a landscape painter.  Lucas likely studied with his father as he was never registered with the Guild of Saint Luke as a pupil.  He registered only as a master at the Guild in the capacity of a 'wijnmeester' (master's son') in 1626–27 when he was already 32 years old.

Lucas had an extramarital relationship with Agatha Musson. She gave birth on 24 October 1620 to a son who was named Lucas. On 14 February 1627 Lucas van Uden married Anna van Woelput with whom he had 8 children, two of whom were born before the couple had married. Lucas had another illegitimate child with Willemijntje van den Brande in 1630.

He was active in Antwerp for most of his life except for a period around 1649 when he was recorded as no longer living in the city. He was very successful and could live very comfortably in central Antwerp.

He was the teacher of Jan Baptist Bonnecroy, Philips Augustijn Immenraet and Gillis Neyts. He likely also trained his children.  His daughter Maria van Uden became a painter and married the painter Charles Emmanuel Biset. His son Adriaen was also active in Antwerp as a painter.

He died in Antwerp in 1672.

Work

Lucas van Uden was principally a landscape painter.  Some of his landscapes were winter landscapes such as the Winter Landscape with Hunters (private collection).

Although he was never part of Peter Paul Rubens' studio, his works are partly indebted to that leading Antwerp master.  His technique with its attention to detail, particularly in his smaller works, and his search for decorative elements in the larger paintings place him in the same tradition as Jan Brueghel the Elder and Joos de Momper. The contrast between areas with dark and cold colours with warm colours in his work also calls to mind the work of Jan Brueghel the Elder and Joos de Momper. General characteristics of is work are a tonally-green recessive view punctuated by slender trees and populated by incidental pastoral and peasant figures. His compositions are usually built up as follows: in the foreground there is a bank with leafy trees, one of which is inclined in order to break the monotony and lead the view of the spectator towards the center of the composition, in which appear as the main motive groups of trees, fields or villages, which are shown cut out against a background of mountains, lacking any dramatic allusion.

While his landscape paintings are rather schematic, his drawings which were reportedly made directly from nature are more spontaneous and realistic and display his true talent.

Van Uden is known to have collaborated with David Teniers the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Younger who painted the staffage in his landscapes. An example is the Villagers having a meal (Prado, Madrid), a collaboration with David Teniers the Younger.

Van Uden is often associated with fellow landscape painter Jan Wildens who frequently collaborated with Rubens.  However, unlike for Wildens, there is no evidence van Uden ever painted the landscapes for Rubens.  Rubens also never added the staffage to van Uden's landscapes. Van Uden made various copies of Rubens' compositions such as the Landscape with a rainbow (Kunsthistorisches Museum), which is a copy of Rubens' Landscape with a rainbow in the Hermitage.

Lucas van Uden produced many etchings some of which are part of the collections of the Rijksmuseum and the British Museum. Some of his designs were also etched by his pupil Philips Augustijn Immenraet.

References

External links

Flemish Baroque painters
Flemish landscape painters
Flemish printmakers
Painters from Antwerp
1595 births
1672 deaths

Lucas van Uden


Market anarchism, also known as free-market anti-capitalism, is the branch of anarchism that advocates a free-market economic system based on voluntary interactions without the involvement of the state. A form of individualist anarchism, and libertarian socialism, it is based on the economic theories of mutualism and individualist anarchism in the United States.

Samuel Edward Konkin III's agorism is a strand of left-wing market anarchism that has been associated with left-libertarianism. Anarcho-capitalism has also been referred to synonymously as free-market anarchism.

Theory
According to libertarian scholar Sheldon Richman, left-libertarians "favor worker solidarity vis-à-vis bosses, support poor people's squatting on government or abandoned property, and prefer that corporate privileges be repealed before the regulatory restrictions on how those privileges may be exercised", seeing Walmart as a "symbol of corporate favoritism" which is "supported by highway subsidies and eminent domain", viewing "the fictive personhood of the limited-liability corporation with suspicion" and "doubt[ing] that Third World sweatshops would be the "best alternative" in the absence of government manipulation". These left-libertarians "tend to eschew electoral politics, having little confidence in strategies that work through the government. They prefer to develop alternative institutions and methods of working around the state".

Kevin Carson's Studies in Mutualist Political Economy helped to stimulate the growth of new-style mutualism, articulating a version of the labor theory of value incorporating ideas drawn from the Austrian School of economics. Other market-oriented left-libertarians have declined to embrace mutualist views of real property while sharing the mutualist opposition to corporate hierarchies and wealth concentration.

Gary Chartier has joined Kevin Carson, Charles W. Johnson and others in maintaining that because of its heritage and its emancipatory goals and potential, radical market anarchism should be seen by its proponents and by others as part of the socialist tradition and that market anarchists can and should call themselves socialists.

Roderick T. Long is an advocate of "build[ing] worker solidarity. On the one hand, this means formal organisation, including unionization – but I'm not talking about the prevailing model of "business unions," [...] but real unions, the old-fashioned kind, committed to the working class and not just union members, and interested in worker autonomy, not government patronage".

See also

 Anarchism and capitalism
 Anarcho-capitalism
 Geolibertarianism
 Individualist anarchism
 Issues in anarchism
 Market socialism
 Mutualism
 Ricardian socialism

References

Bibliography

Further reading

External links
 Alliance of the Libertarian Left
 Center for a Stateless Society
 Molinari Institute

Anti-capitalism
Anarchist schools of thought
Libertarianism by form
Political science terminology

Market anarchism


The Power Management Bus (PMBus) is a variant of the System Management Bus (SMBus) which is targeted at digital management of power supplies. Like SMBus, it is a relatively slow speed two wire communications protocol based on I²C. Unlike either of those standards, it defines a substantial number of domain-specific commands rather than just saying how to communicate using commands defined by the reader.

Overview
The first part gives an overview with particular reference to SMBus, while the second part goes into detail about all the commands defined for PMBus devices. There are both standardized commands and manufacturer specific commands. Conformance requirements for PMBus are minimal, and are described in Part I of the specification. See the PMBus 1.1 specification for full details.

Comparison to SMBus
At the lowest level, PMBus follows SMBus 1.1 with a few differences. This information is presented in more detail in Part I of the PMBus specification:
 400 kHz bus speeds are allowed (vs. the 100 kHz limit of SMBus)
 In PMBus, blocks may include up to 255 bytes (vs. the 32 byte limit of SMbus).
 As in SMBus 2.0, only seven bit addressing is used.
 Some commands use the SMBus 2.0 block process calls.
 Either the SMBALERT# mechanism or the SMBus 2.0 host notify protocol may be used to notify the host about faults.
 PMBus devices are required to support a Group Protocol, where devices defer acting on commands until they receive a terminating STOP. Since commands can be issued to many different devices before that STOP, this lets the PMBus master synchronize their actions.
 An "extended command" protocol is defined, using a second command byte to add 256 more codes each for both standard and manufacturer-specific commands.

PMBus commands
The PMBus command space can be seen as exposing a variety of readable, and often writable, device attributes such as measured voltage and current levels, temperatures, fan speeds, and more. Different devices will expose different attributes. Some devices may expose such attributes in multiple "pages", as for example one page managing each power supply rail (maybe 3.3V, 5V, 12V, −12V, and a programmable supply supporting 1.0-1.8V). The device may set warning and fault limits, where crossing a limit will alert the host and possibly trigger fault recovery. Different devices will offer different capabilities.

The ability to query a PMBus 1.1 device about its capabilities may be particularly useful when building tools, especially in conjunction with the ability to store user data in the devices (e.g. in EEPROM). Without such a query capability, only error-prone external configuration data is available.

Part II of the PMBus specification covers every standard PMBus command. It also describes the models for managing output power and current, managing faults, converting values to and from the formats understood by a given device, and accessing manufacturer-provided information such as inventory data (model and serial number, etc.) and device ratings.

Linear11 Floating-Point Format
PMBus defines its own 16-bit floating-point format, termed "Linear11".

 N = Signed Exponent
 Y = Signed Mantissa

Value Represented = Y × 2

Unlike the half-precision floating-point format (which also uses 16 bits in total) and other typical float formats, a signed 11-bit mantissa is used rather than an unsigned fraction with a separate sign bit.  Similarly, the exponent is stored as a signed 5-bit number rather than a more typical biased unsigned number.  This has the following implications:
 The sign of the resulting number uniquely depends on bit 2 of the high byte, rather than the most significant bit of the high byte.
 Because both values are stored as signed numbers, it is necessary to explicitly sign-extend both values when decoding the number.  However, this makes the encoding process simpler.
 There is no representation for negative zero.
 Inverting the sign of the resulting number must take into account some special edge cases:
 The sign of the result can be inverted with an 11-bit two's complement operation, if and only if Y ≠ -1024.
 When Y = -1024, the sign inversion process must produce Y = 512, N = N + 1, if and only if N remains less than 32.
 The most negative number is represented with Y = -1024 and N = 31.  There is not a positive representation for this number.

Patenting issues
In January 2008, Power-One was awarded a win in a patent infringement suit between them and Artesyn Technologies for the latter's PMBus enabled converters. Power-One claims that PMBus applications need a license from them. Potential PMBus users should investigate the issue for themselves. See external links.

See also
 I²C (I2C)
 System Management Bus (SMBus)
 Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI)
 List of network buses

External links

Official

 Official PMBus specifications (free)

Other
 PMBus–panacea or hype? is an article that's informative about the context of PMBus, written by the specifications' editor
 Article from Electronic Design describes the lawsuit between Power-One and Artesyn Technologies, accessed 24 July 2013.

Serial buses
Battery charging

Power Management Bus


Ángel Gil-Ordóñez is a Spanish-born American conductor who co-founded the PostClassical Ensemble with music historian Joseph Horowitz and serves as its Music Director. He is also the Principal Guest Conductor of New York's Perspectives Ensemble and the Music Director of the Georgetown University Orchestra in Washington, D.C. Additionally, he serves as advisor for education and programming for Trinitate Philharmonia, a program in Mexico modeled on Venezuela's El Sistema, and is also a regular guest conductor at the Bowdoin International Music Festival in Maine.

Background
Born in Spain on September 5, 1957, Gil-Ordóñez grew up in an intellectual family that valued Spanish culture. He focused on violin in his teens.  For university, he reached a compromise with his family:  they would allow him to study toward becoming a professional musician at the Madrid Conservatory of Music if he would first study Engineering at the Universidad Politecnica de Madrid.

Having completed both those degrees successfully, in 1974 he began higher-level music studies at the Conservatorio Superior de Música de Madrid.  There, he focused on violin, polyphony and choir conducting, harmony, counterpoint, and music history.  He also studied in the Musical Analysis Master Classes with Jacques Chailley.  He studied under Sergiu Celibidache for more than six years.  He also studied with Pierre Boulez and Iannis Xenakis in France.

In 1978, a concert of Sergiu Celibidache's conducting the London Symphony Orchestrat decided him:  he would become a conductor.  In 1983, he moved to France to study Contemporary Music at Paris's Centre Acanthes with Iannis Xenakis (composition), Irvine Arditti (violin), James Wood (choral conducting), and Claude Helffer and Rudolph Frisius (musical analysis). He also studied with Pierre Boulez (Conducting Master Classes) in Avignon.

In 1985, he moved to Munich to study with Munich Philharmonic's conductor Sergiu Celibidache.  He studied with: the Münchner Philharmoniker, the  Hochschule für Musik Mainz, Master Classes in Cluny and Paris, and Conducting Courses at the Scuola di Alto Perfezionamiento Musicale in Saluzzo, Italy.  He performed two assistantships at the Orchesterakademie des Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival in Germany. From 1985 to 1991, he broadened studies across European repertoire and studied composition with Günter Bialas, Paul Engel, and  Fredrik Schwenk and violin with Rony Rogoff.

Conducting

In 1991, Gil-Ordóñez moved back to Spain for appointment to the National Symphony Orchestra of Spain as Associate Conductor. He founded the chamber orchestra Academia de Madrid, of which he became Music Director. He was also Principal Guest Conductor of the Classical Orchestra of Madrid.

In 1997, he came to Washington, DC, and founded musica aperta Washington, of which he was as Music Director 1997–2001. Also in 1997, he co-founded the IberArtists New York, Inc., of which he remains Music Director.

In 2000, he toured Spain with the Valencia Symphony Orchestra for the Spanish premiere of Leonard Bernstein's Mass.

On May 4, 2015, he led the Georgetown University Orchestra in a Cinco de Mayo performance for President Barack Obama.

Currently, he serves as follows:
 PostClassical Ensemble (Washington, DC):  Music Director and co-founder
 IberArtists (New York, NY):  Music Director and co- founder
 Perspectives Ensemble (New York, NY):  Principal Guest Conductor
 Trinitate Philharmonia (León, Mexico):  Advisor

He has also appeared with the following:
 American Composers Orchestra
 Opera Colorado
 Pacific Symphony
 Hartford Symphony
 Brooklyn Philharmonic
 Orchestra of St. Luke's. Abroad

Other performance groups, venues, or events include:
 Munich Philharmonic
 Solistes de Berne
 Schleswig-Holstein Music Festival
 Bellas Artes National Theatre (Mexico City)

Personal

Gil-Ordóñez is married with one child.  He resides in Washington, DC.

He became an American citizen in 2009.

Teaching

As an educator, Gil-Ordóñez current serves as Adjunct Professor and Music Director at Georgetown University's Department of Performing Arts in Washington, D.C.  He also serves as the Music Director of the Georgetown University Orchestra.

Awards

Since 2006, Gil-Ordóñez's title in Spanish has been "Caballero de la Real Orden de Isabel la Católica."

 2010 – WAMMIE Award for Classical
 2006 – La Real Orden de Isabel la Católica (Royal Order of Isabella the Catholic), Spain's highest civilian decoration, awarded by the King of Spain
 Various – named 3 times Naxos "Artist of the Week"

Works

Gil-Ordóñez appears on nine Naxos recordings.

Video (DVD)
 2016 - Redes - Silvestre Revueltas (conductor)
 2009 - The City -  Aaron Copland (conductor)
 2007 - The Plow that Broke the Plain, The River - Virgil Thomson (conductor)

Albums (CD)
 2019 - Falla: El amor brujo (1915 original version) / El retablo de Maese Pedro - Manuel de Falla (composer)
2017 - Lou Harrison: Violin Concerto / Grand Duo / Double Music - Lou Harrison (composer)
 2014 - Dvořák and America - Antonín Dvořák (conductor, arranger)
 2014 - Xavier Montsalvatge: Madrigal sobre un tema popular / 5 Invocaciones al Crucificado / Folia daliniana - Xavier Montsalvatge (composer)
 2013 - Madrigal sobre un tema popular, 5 Invocaciones al Crucificado, Folia daliniana - Xavier Montsalvatge (conductor)
 2007 - The Plow that Broke the Plain, The River - Virgil Thomson (conductor)

See also
 Sergiu Celibidache
 Pierre Boulez
 Iannis Xenakis
 Aaron Copland
 Virgil Thomson
 Antonín Dvořák
 Xavier Montsalvatge (conductor)
 Joseph Horowitz

References

External links
 Angel Gil-Ordóñez Official Website
 PostClassical Ensemble

 Faculty Profile Profile at Georgetown University Department of Performing Arts
 Naxos Biography
 NPR interview about The Plow That Broke the Plains and The River
 Getty Images

Spanish conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Wesleyan University faculty
Living people
1957 births
21st-century conductors (music)
21st-century male musicians
Spanish male musicians

de:Hochschule für Musik Mainz
de:Fredrik Schwenk

Ángel Gil-Ordóñez


Lars-Erik Vilner Larsson (15 May 190827 December 1986) was a Swedish composer, conductor, radio producer, and educator. He wrote three of the most popular works (each a suite) in Swedish art music: A Winter's Tale (; 1937–1938), the Pastoral Suite (; 1938), and God in Disguise (; 1940). Other notable works by Larsson include three symphonies, a sinfonietta, and numerous concertante works.

Biography
Larsson was born in Åkarp in 1908, the son of a factory worker and a nurse.  He studied with Ellberg at the Stockholm Conservatory (1925–1929) and with Alban Berg and Fritz Reuter in Vienna and Leipzig (1929–1930), then worked for Swedish Radio and taught at the Stockholm Conservatory (1947–1959) and Uppsala University, where he held the position as Director musices (1961–1966).

His style as a composer is eclectic, ranging from the late Romantic to techniques derived from Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-note system, but original in method.  He was the first Swede to write serial music (1932).  Yet other works of that period are post-Sibelian or neo-classical, and his output generally is characterized by variety of style.

He wrote for the theatre, cinema and broadcasting, in addition to the more traditional forms of symphony, concerto, chamber and vocal music.

He died of diabetes complications in Helsingborg in 1986, aged 78.

Works
Larsson wrote three of the most popular works in Swedish art music:
A Winter's Tale (), Op. 18 (1937–1938), four vignettes to The Winter's Tale by Shakespeare
Pastoral Suite (), for orchestra, Op. 19 (1938)
God in Disguise (), a non-religious cantata (officially "lyrical suite") for narrator, soprano, baritone, mixed choir, and orchestra, Op. 24 (1940)

Larsson's most important symphonic works are his three symphonies for full orchestra:
Symphony No. 1 in D major, Op. 2 (1927–1928)
Symphony No. 2 in E minor, Op. 17 (1937)
Symphony No. 3 in C minor, Op. 34 (1944–1945)

Larsson also wrote a Sinfonietta for string orchestra and a popular Little Serenade.

He wrote a series of Twelve Concertinos for solo instruments: flute, clarinet, bassoon, oboe, horn, trumpet, trombone, violin, viola, cello, double bass, and piano.

Larsson's Saxophone Concerto, written for Sigurd Raschèr in 1934, is one of the first major works for saxophone to utilize ideas of non-standard tonality. The Violin Concerto, Op. 42 (1952) is another important work, as is the opera Prinsessan av Cypern.

Sources
HNH Page on Larsson
Classical Composers page

External links
Larsson Music School

1908 births
1986 deaths
20th-century classical composers
Litteris et Artibus recipients
Swedish opera composers
Male opera composers
People from Burlöv Municipality
Royal College of Music, Stockholm alumni
Academic staff of the Royal College of Music, Stockholm
Swedish classical composers
Swedish male classical composers
20th-century Swedish musicians
Pupils of Alban Berg
Academic staff of Uppsala University
20th-century Swedish male musicians

Lars-Erik Larsson


Vojislav "Voki" Kostić (21 September 1931 – 29 September 2010) was one of the most prolific Serbian composers. He was particularly noted for his memorable film and TV pieces, including movies such as Nevinost bez zaštite, Ko to tamo peva, Balkanski špijun, Život je lep, and Tri karte za Holivud.

Biography
Kostić was born in Belgrade, to father Aleksandar and mother Smilja, both French-educated medical doctors and recipients of Legion d'honeur. During World War II, his elder brother Vanja joined the Chetniks and died fighting the Partisans in 1942.

After the war, teenager Kostić was caught printing and distributing materials against the Yugoslav communist regime, which landed him in jail with a three-year sentence. He ended up serving two.

He composed 93 pieces of classical music, as well as music for 107 feature and TV films, 310 theater shows and 20 TV series. He was a long-time secretary of Union of Serbian composers, and published 35 papers, essays and studies. He was also noted for his culinary abilities, and he published several cookbooks and hosted popular TV shows on cooking.

Personal life

Kostić was married to Vera (née Nikolajević d. 2019)  who had equally diverse interests: she was a journalist, ballet dancer and rally driver. They had no children. From  his relationship to actress Stanislava Staša Pešić he had a son Ivan Ejub Kostić, an Arabist who  converted  to  Islam.  He died in his native city of Belgrade in 2010, after a long illness.

References

External links

Serbian composers
1931 births
2010 deaths
Golden Arena winners

Voki Kostić


Minnesota State University Moorhead (MSUM) is a public university in Moorhead, Minnesota. The school has an enrollment of 7,534 students in 2019 and 266 full-time faculty members. MSUM is a part of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. MSUM is located on the western border of Minnesota on the Red River of the North in Moorhead; across the river lies Fargo, North Dakota.

History
The plans for what would become MSUM were laid down in 1885, when the Minnesota State Legislature passed a bill declaring the need for a new state normal school in the Red River Valley, with an eye on Moorhead. The State Senator who proposed the bill, State Senator Solomon Comstock, donated  and appropriated the funds that would go to form Moorhead Normal School, which opened in 1888. In 1921, the State authorized the school to offer the four-year Bachelor of Science degree in Education in order to satisfy the need for high school teachers in northwest Minnesota, and the school became Moorhead State Teachers College.

With the entrance of World War II, the college entered into a contract with the Army Air Corps to train aviation students.  After World War II, enrollment swelled to more than 700 students and the school diversified and broadened into both a liberal arts and professional curriculum. The school began offering a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1946 and graduate programs by 1953. As a result of the broadened offerings, by 1957 the name was changed to Moorhead State College.  In 1969, the school joined a cooperative cross-registration exchange with neighboring Concordia College and North Dakota State University, creating the Tri-College University. The school continued to increase its number of programs and by 1975, the State Legislature that year granted the school university status under the name Moorhead State University. In 1995, Moorhead State became part of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system. On July 1, 2000, the school was renamed Minnesota State University Moorhead via a request sent to the board of trustees of the system.

Minnesota State University Moorhead was rated the 18th top liberal arts college in the midwest by TIME magazine in 2008.

The school has gone through many names changes with Moorhead Normal School (1887), Moorhead State Teachers College (1921), Moorhead State College (1957), Moorhead State University (1975) and finally Minnesota State University Moorhead (2000).

Presidents

 1888–1899 Livingston C. Lord
 1899–1919 Frank A. Weld
 1919–1923 Oliver Dickerson
 1923–1941 Ray MacLean
 1941–1955 Otto W. Snarr
 1955–1958 A.L. Knoblauch
 1958–1968 John Neumaier
 1968–1994 Roland Dille
 1994–2008 Roland Barden
 2008–2014 Edna Mora Szymanski
 2014–2023 Anne E. Blackhurst
 2023-Present Timothy Downs

Academics

MSUM offers 76 undergraduate majors with 99 emphases and 14 graduate degree programs. MSUM's colleges: the College of Arts, Media and Communication; the College of Business and Innovation; the College of Education and Human Services; the College of Humanities and Social Sciences; and the College of Science, Health and the Environment.

MSUM is accredited by 14 national accrediting and certification agencies, including the Higher Learning Commission. The MSUM School of Business is fully accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB).

The Nursing program is accredited at both the baccalaureate (BSN) and master's (MS in nursing) levels by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). Additional areas of accreditation include: Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences; Athletic Training; and Teacher Education.

MSUM also collaborates with Concordia College, North Dakota State University, North Dakota State College of Science, and Minnesota State Community and Technical College on a Tri-College University program that offers students the chance to take courses between the five campuses that can be credited toward their degree.

Minnesota State University Moorhead professors have been recognized with more CASE Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Professors of the Year designations than any college or university, public or private, in Minnesota, the Dakotas, Iowa, or Wisconsin. One professor has earned CASE Carnegie United States Professor of the Year designation and eleven professors have earned designation as CASE Carnegie Minnesota Professor of the Year.

Publications
MSUM operates the New Rivers Press, a nonprofit literary press founded in 1968.

The campus newspaper is The Advocate, formerlyThe MiSTiC. The MiSTiC was closed by university administration in 1970.

The school also publishes a literary magazine, Red Weather, with the support of the English Department. The yearly publication is a journal of prose, poetry, interviews, photography and art by current undergraduates and graduate students, faculty, staff, and alumni.

Students produce a weekly open-submission literary journal entitled The Yellow Bicycle, a collection of poetry, prose, essays, and reviews.

MSUM produces a daily faculty/staff email newsletter called Dragon Digest and a twice a year publication for its alumni and friends titled Moorhead Magazine.

Dragon Radio
The school's college radio station is KMSC, an unlicensed station which airs on AM 1500. KMSC is a student organization that has been set up to run as a Non-profit Educational radio station and serves as an in-house learning facility.

Notable events
MSUM sponsors a Student Academic Conference annually. The Student Academic Conference provides student researchers from each of its colleges with the opportunity to present their work to faculty, administration, peers, and the general public in a formal academic setting. The conference was first offered in 1998.

The conference provides a formal setting for upper class students to present their research from classes required under their major. There is a possibility of the student's research being published or presented at a state, regional, or national conference. The Student Academic Conference is a great opportunity for students and MSUM to gain recognition on a larger scale. Any major or discipline can present at the conference as long as it abides by conference rules based on which forum the student chooses to present the research. There is an option to orally present using visual aids, Powerpoint, etc..., or the student can construct a poster board displaying key points and results to be presented in a more informal manner taking questions and inquiries from onlookers. The conference is kicked off by a luncheon for all the participants. For some majors, presenting at the conference is mandatory in which the student presents their discipline's research from their senior seminar or thesis class.

Athletics

Minnesota State University Moorhead teams participate as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's NCAA Division II. The Dragons are a member of the Northern Sun Intercollegiate Conference (NSIC).
The MSUM athletic teams are called the Dragons. MSUM has a wide variety of intramural sports including flag football, softball, and soccer. Club teams are also available for men's and women's rugby, men's and women's lacrosse, and baseball which compete nationally.

Men's sports include Basketball, Cross country, football, Track & field, and wrestling. Women's sports offered are Dance, Basketball, cross country, Golf, Soccer, Softball, Swimming & diving, Tennis, Track & field, and Volleyball

Study abroad programs

MSUM maintains a large number of study abroad programs throughout the world.  Programs organic to MSUM include the following:

Asia
 Nankai University in Tianjin China
 Kanda University of International Studies in Chiba Japan
 Kanto Gakuin in Yokohama Japan
 Nagoya Gakuin University in Nagoya, Aichi Japan
 Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University in Beppu Japan
 Chung-Ang University in Seoul, South Korea
 Ming Chuan University in Taiwan

Australia
 University of the Sunshine Coast in Queensland Australia

Europe
 University of Portsmouth on England's southern coast
 Keele University located between Liverpool and Birmingham, in England
 Lincoln University located in central England
 Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies in Oxford, England
 Hedmark University College in southeast Norway

Notable alumni

 Barkhad Abdi, Actor, film director and producer
 Bob Bowlsby, Big 12 Commissioner
 Todd Brandt, Co-host of The Todd and Tyler Radio Empire
 Leif Enger, American author
 David Joerger, Head Coach of the Sacramento Kings
 Nikita Koloff (Nelson Scott Simpson), Professional wrestler
 Gary Love, Chief Risk Officer, United Nations
 Jan Maxwell, American actress
 Douglas Medin, Research psychologist
 Larry Munson, Radio announcer for the University of Georgia Bulldogs football for forty-two years
 Collin Peterson, Congressman of Minnesota's 7th district
 Tim Purdon, 18th U.S. Attorney for the District of North Dakota
 Adam Quesnell, stand-up comedian
 Ed Schultz, American television and radio personality
 Kevin Sorbo, (attended but did not graduate) American actor
 Neal Tapio, American businessman and Trump presidential campaign director.
 Marc Trestman, Head Coach of the Toronto Argonauts
 Chris Tuchscherer – Wrestler; current mixed martial artist, formerly competing in the UFC
 Jonathan Twingley, American artist, illustrator, and author
 Jerry verDorn, American actor
 Patrick Volkerding, Founder of Slackware Linux distribution

Notable faculty
 Roland Dille (1924–2014), Professor of English, Dean of Academic Affairs, then President for 26 years
 Flora Frick (1889–1957), head of women's physical education department from 1919 to 1957
 David Mason (b. 1954), Poet & writer
 Thomas McGrath (1916–1990), Poet, Rhodes scholar, and Professor of English
 James Wright (1927–1980), Poet
 Mark Mostert (1992–2000) Program Coordinator for Programs and Licensure in Learning Disabilities. Professor, of Special Education at Regent University author and lecturer on Eugenics, Facilitated Communication and "useless eaters".

See also

 List of colleges and universities in Minnesota
 Higher education in Minnesota

References

Notes

External links

 MSUM Athletics website

Public universities and colleges in Minnesota
Education in Fargo–Moorhead
Universities and colleges established in 1887
Education in Clay County, Minnesota
Buildings and structures in Clay County, Minnesota
Tourist attractions in Clay County, Minnesota
Moorhead, Minnesota
1887 establishments in Minnesota

Minnesota State University Moorhead


Most spiders can produce a natural fibre which they use for different purposes. This fibre is called spider silk. Depending on the type of spider, spider silk is uses for purposes of catching prey (either by weaving a net, or by throwing a sticky thread at prey), to get away from predators, and to protect the eggs and the young in a cocoon. Spider silk  is very resistant, and has a high tensile strength, it does not tear easily.

Unlike the silk from silkworms, spider silk cannot be produced in large quantities.

Fibers

Spider silk


Bertagni is an Italian food company founded in Bologna by Luigi Bertagni in 1882.

History

The birth of "Pastificio Bertagni" was in 1882 in the workshop of Luigi Bertagni in Bologna. Luigi Bertagni, with his brothers Ferdinando and Oreste, not only made quality fresh tortellini, but also studied a method in order to package and conserve them, and thus Luigi developed his business.

Thanks to the  entrepreneurial spirit of Bertagni brothers, their tortellini saw greater sales in Italy and abroad. The Bertagni brothers entered their pastas in numerous World Fairs, winning the bronze medal at The World's Fair in Paris in 1889 and at The Chicago Fair in 1894, and the gold medal in St. Louis in 1904.

Pastificio Bertagni continued its rapid growth and by the beginning of the 20th century was a well known pasta producer.  The Bologna Commercial Guide described the company: "Tortellini from Bologna, whose fame went across the seas, by all the gourmets are reputed astoundingly good! It is the Bologna company Bertagni that holds the record of this production and sells tortellini all over the world."

In 1986, the gastronomic critic Corby Kummer declared: Bertagni specialty filled pastas... are excellent and are the closest thing to having a pasta store down the street.

In 2002, the company was sold to pasta industry veterans, resulting in a great increase in sales, carrying its filled pasta specialities onto the tables of the world.

References

External links
 Bertagni web site.

Italian pasta companies
Italian brands
Food and drink companies established in 1882
1882 establishments in Italy

Bertagni


Samuel Henry "Errie" Ball (November 14, 1910July 2, 2014) was a Welsh-American professional golfer who competed at the inaugural Augusta National golf tournament in 1934 (now known as the Masters Tournament). He was the last living person to compete in the first Masters and died at the age of 103.

Early life
Ball was born in Bangor, Wales, in 1910. He acquired the nickname "Errie" from his family's French maid who was tasked with caring for him and performing household duties. She had trouble pronouncing "Henry", hence the name Errie. "My father's name was William Henry Ball. Back in those days, Henry became 'Harry'," said Ball, prior to his 100th birthday party. "My mother, from what they tell me, didn't like the fact that they would be calling my father Old Harry and me Young Harry. We had a French maid at that time, and she said, 'Why don't you call him 'Errie?' And I've gone by that ever since. I wouldn't turn around if you called me Sam."

Ball's connection to Bobby Jones began in 1930, when he met the famed Georgian at the Open Championship in Hoylake, England, where Jones would win one leg of his Grand Slam. The relationship continued the day Ball arrived in America—September 27, 1930—just as Jones clinched the Grand Slam with a victory in the U.S. Amateur.

Golf career
Ball's first job was serving for his uncle, Frank Ball, then the PGA head professional at East Lake Golf Club in Atlanta. Ball later assisted George Sargent, who became PGA of America president. In 1933, Ball received a letter of recommendation from Jones that elevated him to his first head professional post at Mobile (Alabama) Country Club.

Ball was still competitive even into his late 40s. At age 47—in the 1958 PGA Championship at Llanerch Country Club—he carded rounds of 79-72-72-73=296 and finished in a tie for 33rd place with Tom Talkington.

Ball served as the head professional at Oak Park Country Club in Chicago, Illinois, for many years. During the winter months he was the head professional at Tucson Country Club in Tucson, Arizona, where his tenure was 14 years, from 1951 through April 1, 1965. In September 1964, Tucson Country Club president Dr. George Bland stated that, "What we need is a full-time pro. The size of the club (about 700 members) dictates this necessity. We'll have a hard time replacing Errie—we're well aware of that."

Achievement awards
Ball was inducted into the Illinois Golf Hall of Fame in 1990. As of 2011, he was giving lessons at the Willoughby Golf Club in Stuart, Florida and he turned 100 on November 14, 2010. Golfweek magazine was on site when he celebrated this event with friends and members at Willoughby Golf Club and posted a story documenting the event. Ball was inducted into the PGA Hall of Fame in 2011.

Death and legacy
Ball, the last of the inaugural Masters field of 1934 and the PGA of America's oldest and longest-serving member, died July 2, 2014, at Martin Hospital South in Stuart, Florida, surrounded by his family. He was 103.

Tournament wins
Note: This list may be incomplete.
1931 Southeastern Section PGA Championship
1932 Atlanta Open
1949 Illinois PGA Championship
1951 Arizona PGA
1952 Arizona PGA
1953 Illinois Open Championship
1954 Arizona Open
1955 Illinois PGA Match Play Championship, Illinois PGA Championship
1965 Illinois PGA Championship
Illinois PGA Senior Championship

Results in major championships

NYF = Tournament not yet founded
NT = No tournament
DNP = Did not play
CUT = missed the half-way cut (3rd round cut in 1960 PGA Championship)
R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in PGA Championship match play
"T" indicates a tie for a place
Yellow background for top-10

References

External links
Illinois Golf Hall of Fame profile

Welsh male golfers
American male golfers
Golfers from Florida
American centenarians
Welsh emigrants to the United States
Sportspeople from Bangor, Gwynedd
People from Stuart, Florida
Sportspeople from Martin County, Florida
Men centenarians
1910 births
2014 deaths

Errie Ball


Beyblade: Metal Fusion, or also known as Metal Fight Beyblade (メタルファイトベイブレード Metarufaitobeiburēdo) in Japan and other Asia regions, is the first anime of the Metal Saga. It was succeeded by Beyblade: Metal Masters (Metal Fight Beyblade Explosion).

Information | edit source
Beyblade: Metal Fusion is adapted from the first four volumes of the manga, Metal Fight Beyblade. The manga the anime is based on was a reboot of the Beyblade franchise. As such, both anime and manga have nothing to do with the Bakuten Shoot Beyblade series before it.

Comparison with the Original Seriesedit | edit source

 The Metal Saga consists of a whole new set of characters and a new storyline.
 Similar to the previous work, Metal Fusion uses constellation-based motifs (Original Series: (Four Sacred Beasts)).
 Unlike the previous work, that consisted mostly of team battles, this work features mostly individual battles. Furthermore, Japan was the primary setting for the Original Series.
 In the English dub, Beyblades are now referred to as "Beys" instead of "Blades", following the Japanese version of the Bakuten Shoot Beyblade anime series
 The spirits in Beyblades are known as avatars (same goes to Burst), while the Original Series called them Bit-Beasts.

Broadcast | edit source

 April 5, 2009: Beyblade: Metal Fusion began broadcasting on TV Tokyo.
 It aired in the US on Saturdays at 7:30 on Cartoon Network.
 Metal Fusion is currently available for streaming at Netflix.

History | edit source

 2008: Development for a new mixed-media project began, following the conclusion of the Original Series. This included both a manga and anime series.

Synopsis| edit source
Gingka Hagane. A young beyblader who is searching the hidden secrets of his past, with his partner Storm Pegasus. On a training journey, Gingka Hagane stumbles upon Metal Bey City, where he meets a bunch of friends and interesting rivals. What happens when Gingka and his friends set off on the journey of defeating the Dark Nebula organization? How will Gingka Hagane defeat Ryuga and his forbidden bey, Lightning L-Drago.

Plot
The series follows the adventures of Gingka Hagane, a beyblader who is searching for his hidden past while trying to defeat the evil Dark Nebula organization and Ryuga, a man with the Forbidden Bey known as Lightning L-Drago.

The plot varies between the manga and anime with several differences. One notable difference is that in the manga, the Beys transform for their upgrades, while in the anime, the characters just switch parts or get an entirely new Bey. Another difference is that, in the manga, the characters started with the Metal System (4-piece top), while in the anime they started with the Hybrid Wheel System (5-piece top).

Anime

Beyblade: Metal Fusion


Major General Jaganath Rao Bhonsle also known as Jagannathrao Krishnarao Bhonsle[1](20 April 1906[1] – 1963) was an officer of theBritish Indian Army subsequently the Indian National Army, a minister for armed forces in the Azad Hind Government, and later a minister in the post-independence Nehru Government in India.[2][3][4]

Jaganathrao Bhonsle was born at Village Tiroda of District Sindhudurga in State Maharashtra. Gen. Bhonsle was from Royal Family known as Tirodkar Bhonsle. He graduated from Prince of Wales Royal Indian Military College, Dehradun in 1926 and then went to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst where on 2 February 1928 he was commissioned as a second lieutenant.London Gazette 3 February 1928. He would have then spent a year attached to a British Army regiment in India before posting to his permanent British Indian Army unit on 12 April 1929, which was the 5th Royal battalion, 5th Mahratta Light Infantry of the British Indian Army. He was promoted lieutenant 2 May 1930 and captain 2 February 1937. He was stationed at Singapore in 1941 and was taken PoW after the Fall of Singapore. Bhonsle was one of the most senior officer to join the Indian National Army and was appointed the head of the Hindustan Field Force of the First INA. He was appointed the commander of the Indian National Army INA at the time Azad Hind was proclaimed Following Indian independence in 1947, Bhonsle was appointed minister for rehabilitation in the Nehru government. He has done great job for Rehabilitation of Sindhi community at Ulhas nagar and was key in implementing the National Discipline Scheme.

Notes

जगन्नाथराव भोंसले