Aristóteles Radamés Coccó Flores (May 13, 1954 – April 12, 2012) was a Mexican professional wrestler, or luchador, best known for working under the ring name Masakre (Spanish for Massacre) in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). As Masakre he was a member of the wrestling group Los Infernales along with MS-1 and El Satánico and a founding member of the group Los Intocables along with Pierroth, Jr. and Jaque Mate. By the mid-1990s Coccó began working for Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) where he used a variety of more comical ring personas such as Drakula, Yeti and Coco Rosa

Professional wrestling career
Aristóteles Radames Cocco Flores made his professional wrestling debut in 1983 under the ring name "Masakre". In his debut year he was paired up with MS-1 and given the ring persona of "MS-2"; Coccó was not the first, not the last wrestler to team with MS-1 under the name "MS-2", but the team would later lead to Masakre being brought in to replace Pirata Morgan as part of Los Infernales along with MS-1 and El Satánico. Masakre and MS-1 teamed up to defeat Los Hermanos Dinamita (Cien Caras and Máscara Año 2000) to win the Mexican National Tag Team Championship. MS-1 and Masakre defended the Mexican National Tag Team titles for just over a year until losing them to Atlantis and Ángel Azteca on April 6, 1988. El Satánico left Los Infernales as he began focusing more on singles matches and MS-1 and Masakre began arguing, then fighting after the two of them lost the tag team titles thus ending Los Infernales. MS-1 and Masakre faced off in a series of matches, culminating with a headline Luchas de Apuestas, hair vs. hair match at Arena Mexico that MS-1 won. After Los Infernales split up Masakre formed a Trio with Pierroth, Jr. and Jaque Mate, called Los Intocables (the Untouchables). Los Intocables feuded with Los Infernale, winning and losing the CMLL World Trios Championship from Los Infernales.

By the mid-1990s Los Intocables had broken up and Masakre had left CMLL to work for Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA). Initially he worked under the ring name Drakula, portraying a vampire character. Later on he was repackaged as Yeti, complete with a furry white full bodysuit that gave the appearance of being an actual Yeti. Flores disappeared from the wrestling scene altogether.

Death
Coccó died from spinal cancer on April 12, 2012.

Championships and accomplishments
Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre
CMLL World Trios Championship (1 time) – with Pierroth, Jr. and Jaque Mate (Los Intocables)
Mexican National Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with MS-1

Luchas de Apuestas record

References

1954 births
2012 deaths
Deaths from cancer in North Carolina
Neurological disease deaths in North Carolina
Deaths from spinal cancer
Mexican male professional wrestlers
Professional wrestlers from Mexico City
20th-century professional wrestlers
Mexican National Tag Team Champions
CMLL World Trios Champions

Masakre


The Ford line of cars was again refreshed for 1952, although remaining similar to the all-new 1949 Fords. This time, curved one-piece windshield glass joined a new "Mileage Maker" straight-6 engine with 101 hp.  The 226 CID (3.7 L) L-head straight-6 was replaced by an overhead valve 215 CID (3.5 L) Mileage Maker with 101 hp (75 kW), while the old 239 CID (3.9 L) Flathead V8 remained with 110 hp (82 kW). This design would continue through the 1954 model year, with an updated design offered in 1955.

1952

The model lines were again reshuffled, with the base model now called "Mainline" and mid-level called "Customline".  The top "Crestline" included the "Sunliner" convertible, and the "Victoria" hardtop, a tradition going back to 1932 with the Ford Victoria 2-door coupe. The station wagon continued with the "Country Squire".  Inside was a "flight-style" control panel and new pedals suspended from below the dashboard. A voltmeter, gas gauge, temp. gauge, and oil pressure were standard. The clock and radio were in the center of the dash.  The grille sported a single center "bullet" surrounded by a chrome ring as well as "jet intake" corner markers. New trunk hinges were used that would not crush the contents of the trunk. Wheelbase was . In these years, an overdrive transmission option was available and they didn't have a voltmeter but had an ampmeter.

1953

1953 was Ford's 50th anniversary. The big news for 1953 was the availability of power-assisted brakes and steering, which had previously been limited to the Mercury and Lincoln lines.  The center grill bullet lost its ring and was now flanked by vertical black stripes, while the corner markers were plain rectangular lights rather than the circular "intakes".  All 1953 Fords featured commemorative steering wheels marking the company's 50th anniversary. Mechanical changes included two-inch wider tread, and a k-bar frame with five cross-members.   William Clay Ford paced the Indianapolis 500 in a Sunliner convertible with a dummy Continental tire kit (Coronado kit).  This was also the last year for real wood trim on the Country Squire wagon. Toward the end of the year, Ford added "Master-Guide" power steering as an option on cars with V8s. Full instrumentation was still used. An unusual service provided by Ford was that the radio preset buttons would already be set to local stations by the dealer. The heater was $74.

1954

The long-lived flathead V8 engine was replaced for 1954 by a 239 cubic inch overhead valve Y-block unit, marking the end of an era.  This engine produced 130 hp (97 kW) with a two-barrel carburetor. An impressive 160 hp (119 kW) 256 CI version with a Holley four-barrel was available in the official-use-only law enforcement model. The six-cylinder was up to  and now produced 115 hp.  Another new addition was the "Crestline Skyliner" two-door hardtop, which featured an acrylic glass panel over the front half of the roof. Also added was the new "Astra-Dial Control Panel" speedometer, which has a clear, plastic covering on the top, which let sunlight illuminate it in the day-time.  New power accessories included a four-way power front seat. The "woody" Country Squire wagon now used artificial fiberglass panels but remained the most expensive Ford.

Australian production
The 1952 Ford was also produced by Ford Australia from October 1952 to 1955. A four-door sedan was offered as the V8 Customline and a two-door coupe utility was marketed as the V8 Mainline Utility. Along with the general improvements for all 1952 Fords, the Australian-assembled model also got increased ground clearance to better cope with Australian road conditions. The Utility was developed by Ford Australia using the chassis of the US Ford two-door convertible. Both models were updated in 1953 and 1954 along the lines of the US Fords and were powered by a  iteration of the 3.9 litre Flathead V8 which went into Australian production in 1952. The Australian 1954s (arriving in June 1954) retained the flathead V8 rather than the new overhead-valve unit used in the United States, but received some visual alterations mostly consisting of additional chrome. The bumpers were deeper, wraparound units, while the taillights were redesigned, a full-length chrome strip was fitted along the side, and an airplane-shaped bonnet ornament was fitted. The interior was now available in either Vynex or leather.

Sources

Further reading

External links

 North American Ford brochures

1952
1950s cars
Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States

1952 Ford


Secret Beyond the Door is a 1947 American film noir psychological thriller and a modern updating of the Bluebeard fairytale, directed by Fritz Lang, produced by Lang's Diana Productions, and released by Universal Pictures. The film stars Joan Bennett and was produced by her husband Walter Wanger. The black-and-white film noir drama is about a woman who suspects her new husband, an architect, plans to kill her.

Plot
Celia (Joan Bennett), a rich New York heiress, remembers on her wedding day how she refused all proposals in New York, came to Mexico for a vacation, and instantly fell in love with the architect Mark Lamphere (Michael Redgrave). They have a happy honeymoon until she playfully locks him out of their hotel room, at which point he turns unaccountably cold toward her, and suddenly leaves her to return to his New England home for what he says is business.

She follows him, and when she turns up at the large mansion which he designed and built, she discovers that he is actually a widower with a small son. This boy, David, is being looked after by Mark's sister Caroline (Anne Revere) and his trusted secretary, Miss Robey (Barbara O'Neil), whose face was scarred saving David's life in a fire and who wears a scarf to conceal the disfigurement. Celia makes friends with David easily, but is uneasy about Mark's mood swings, especially when Caroline hints that he caused his first wife Eleanor's death; was it by making it clear he did not love her after the birth of David so that she pined away, or worse? Caroline also tells of having to lock Mark in his room when he was a boy. Celia is even more uneasy when Mark displays to their party guests the suite of special rooms he has had built on a special gated corridor in the mansion. Each of the first six rooms is an exact reproduction of a famous murder scene, and there is a seventh room which is locked and which Mark refuses to show.

Celia, wondering if the seventh room shows the scene of Mark's murder of Eleanor, cuts down one of their bedroom candles to soften the wax and make a wax impression of the room's key. While doing this, she catches Miss Robey without her concealing scarf, and learns that she had plastic surgery and her face is perfect again. She was pretending to be still disfigured to keep Mark and Caroline's gratitude for saving David and avoid being fired from her job, and she was hoping to marry Mark herself until Celia turned up. Celia promises not to tell on her.

Mark is disturbed at the unequal height of the two candles in the bedroom. Celia receives the copy of the key she had made to the seventh room, enters it and recognizes it as an exact duplicate of her and Mark's bedroom. She concludes that it does indeed commemorate the death of Eleanor until she notices that the dresser candles are uneven in the same way they are in the real bedroom now. The room is to display not Mark's past murder of Eleanor but his future murder of her. She runs away.

Mark has a daydream of being tried in a shadowy court, where he admits that he has a strong compulsion to kill Celia even though he loves her. He left her in Mexico to avoid doing this, but now the urge is back and he must leave her again. He dismisses Miss Robey for disloyalty, having noticed her deceit about her scar, and he and Caroline have a quarrel where she claims to be furious about having to run everything by herself and he is angry at her controlling him all her life.

Celia returns because she loves Mark, and he is alarmed because it means they will be alone in the house together. He tries to leave her again to save her life, but his compulsion overcomes him and he goes back. He finds Celia sitting waiting for him in the seventh room. She tells him she is there because she'd rather die than live without him. She channels the psychological theories advanced about murderers at the party (by a character billed only as "Intellectual Sub-Deb"), and begs him to remember what happened in his childhood to make him this way. And he does! When he was ten, his adored mother promised to read to him before she left to go dancing, but he found himself locked in his room as she departed. His pounding and screaming were in vain, and his love for his mother was transmuted into hate which was transferred to Celia when she locked the door of their honeymoon room. He advances on her to strangle her with a scarf. Celia reveals that it was Caroline, not their mother, who locked him in; he accepts this, and the scarf falls from his hand. They then notice smoke and fire; Miss Robey

, thinking Celia is in the room alone and really wanting to continue as the dominant woman in Mark's life, has locked the door and set fire to the house. Mark manages to kick the door open, escape the house, and go back for Celia when she collapses.

On an idyllic terrace, Mark tells Celia that she killed the root of evil in him that night, but he has a long way to go. She tells him they will go that way together.

Cast
 Joan Bennett as Celia Lamphere
 Michael Redgrave as Mark Lamphere
 Anne Revere as Caroline Lamphere
 Barbara O'Neil as Miss Robey
 Natalie Schafer as Edith Potter
 Paul Cavanagh as Rick Barrett
 Anabel Shaw as Intellectual Sub-Deb
Rosa Rey as Paquita
 James Seay as Bob Dwight
 Mark Dennis as David Lamphere

Release
The film recorded a loss of $1,145,000.

Secret Beyond the Door was released in the UK on DVD in November 2011 by Exposure Cinema.  Olive Films released the film in the United States on DVD and Blu-ray on September 4, 2012.

Reception
When the film was first released, film critic Bosley Crowther of The New York Times was of mixed opinions: "If you want to be tough about it—okay, it's a pretty silly yarn and it is played in a manner no less fatuous by the sundry members of the cast. But Mr. Lang is still a director who knows how to turn the obvious, such as locked doors and silent chambers and roving spotlights, into strangely tingling stuff. And that's why, for all its psycho-nonsense, this film has some mildly creepy spots and some occasional faint resemblance to Rebecca which it was obviously aimed to imitate." Variety called it arty and almost surrealistic. The motivations of the characters were described as occasionally murky.

New York's PM was highly critical in 1948: "what they [Wanger, Lang, Bennett and Redgrave] have come up with is an utterly synthetic 'psychological' suspense incredibility wrapped in a gravity so pretentious it is to laugh, wherein all the actors stalk and stare like zombies while the sound track babbles fancy words."

Jonathan Rosenbaum of the Chicago Reader called the film's murkiness a strength. Rotten Tomatoes, a review aggregator, reports that 54% of 13 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review; the average rating is 5.5/10.

References

External links

1947 films
1940s thriller films
American thriller films
American black-and-white films
Film noir
Films based on fairy tales
Universal Pictures films
Films scored by Miklós Rózsa
Films directed by Fritz Lang
Films produced by Walter Wanger
Films set in Mexico
1947 drama films
1940s English-language films
1940s American films
Films based on Bluebeard

Secret Beyond the Door


Phonofilm is an optical sound-on-film system developed by inventors Lee de Forest and Theodore Case in the early 1920s.

In 1919 and 1920, de Forest, inventor of the audion tube, filed his first patents on a sound-on-film process, DeForest Phonofilm, which recorded sound directly onto film as parallel lines. These parallel lines photographically recorded electrical waveforms from a microphone, which were translated back into sound waves when the movie was projected.

The Phonofilm system, which recorded synchronized sound directly onto film, was used to record vaudeville acts, musical numbers, political speeches, and opera singers. The quality of Phonofilm was poor at first, improved somewhat in later years, but was never able to match the fidelity of sound-on-disc systems such as Vitaphone, or later sound-on-film systems such as RCA Photophone or Fox Movietone.

The films of de Forest were short films made primarily as demonstrations to try to interest major studios in Phonofilm. These films are particularly valuable to entertainment historians, as they include recordings of a wide variety of both well-known and less famous American vaudeville and British music hall acts which would otherwise have been forgotten.

Development
In November 1922, de Forest founded the De Forest Phonofilm Corporation with studios at 314 East 48th Street in New York City, and offices at 220 West 42nd Street in the Candler Building. However, de Forest was unable to interest any of the major Hollywood movie studios in his invention.

To record on film, de Forest tried using a standard incandescent bulb to expose amplified sound onto film. The bulbs quickly burned out, and, even while functioning, never produced a clear recording. To reproduce his nearly inaudible soundtracks, de Forest used a photocell that could not react quickly enough to the varying light coming to it as the soundtrack passed through the sound gate, resulting in an incomplete reproduction of sound from an inadequate recording – a dual failure.

Having failed to create a workable sound-on-film system by 1921, de Forest contacted Theodore Case, to inquire about using a Case Research Lab invention, the Thallofide (thallium oxysulfide) Cell, for reproducing the recorded sound. Case provided de Forest with that major upgrade and later provided him with another Case Research Lab creation, the AEO Light, to use for recording the soundtrack.

Debut
On March 12, 1923, de Forest presented a demonstration of Phonofilm to the press. On April 12, 1923, de Forest gave a private demonstration of the process to electrical engineers at the Engineering Society Building's Auditorium at 33 West 39th Street in New York City.

On April 15, 1923, de Forest premiered 18 short films made in Phonofilm — including vaudeville acts, musical performers, opera, and ballet — at the Rivoli Theater at 1620 Broadway in New York City. The Rivoli's music director Hugo Riesenfeld co-hosted the presentation. The printed program gave credit to the "DeForest-Case Patents", but according to a letter Theodore Case wrote to de Forest immediately after the event, no credit was given to Case during the presentation itself.

De Forest later took his show on the road, pitching Phonofilm directly to the general public at a series of special engagements across the country. The shorts shown at one such demonstration in 1925, were as follows:

(Overture)
What the Phonofilm Means (Bart Doyle [?])
A Study in Contrasts (comparing sound and silent film segments)
From Far Seville (Concha Piquer)
Old Melodies (Charles Ross Taggart)
The Harlequin's Serenade [no other identification, adaptation of Harlequinade by Riccardo Drigo (d. 1930)]
Stringed Harmony (Roy Smeck)
Parade of the Wooden Soldiers [Franco-Russian ballet troupe Le Chauve Souris]
A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots"
A Musical Monologue (with Phil Baker)
President Calvin Coolidge Taken on the White House Lawn (August 11, 1924)
(Intermission—Five Minutes)
Ben Bernie's Orchestra ("Ben Bernie and All the Lads")
Rigoletto, Act Two (Eva Leoni [1895-1972] and Company)
The Bubble Dance (Lillian Powell)
Weber and Fields (their famous poolhall skit)
A Boston Star (Borrah Minevitch)
DeWolfe [sic] Hopper (reciting "Casey at the Bat")
Negro Folk Songs (Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake)
Opera Versus Jazz (Eva Puck and Sammy White)
(Exit March)

De Forest was forced to show these films in independent theaters such as the Rivoli since Hollywood movie studios controlled all major U.S. movie theater chains at the time. De Forest's decision to film primarily short films (one reel), not feature films limited the appeal of his process. De Forest kept to one-reel films because he was unable to solve the problem of reel changes, and the disruption in sound which would occur, when a projectionist in a movie theater changed reels. One of the few two-reel films made in the Phonofilm process was Love's Old Sweet Song (1923), starring Louis Wolheim, Donald Gallaher, and the 20-year-old Una Merkel.

All or part of the Paramount Pictures features Bella Donna (premiered April 1, 1923) and The Covered Wagon (premiered March 16, 1923) were filmed with Phonofilm as an experiment. In the case of The Covered Wagon, Hugo Riesenfeld composed the music for the film. However, the Phonofilm versions were only shown at the premiere engagements, also at the Rivoli. "Siegfried", the first part of the Fritz Lang film Die Nibelungen (1924) had a Phonofilm soundtrack, but only at the New York City premiere at the Century Theatre on August 23, 1925.<ref>[http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/C/CoveredWagon1923.html SilentEra entry for The Covered Wagon]</ref>SilentEra entry for Siegfried

Max Fleischer and Dave Fleischer used the Phonofilm process for their Song Car-Tunes series of cartoons which introduced the "Follow the Bouncing Ball" gimmick starting in May 1924. Of the 36 titles in the Song Car-Tunes series, 19 used Phonofilm. Also in 1924, the Fleischer brothers partnered with de Forest, Edwin Miles Fadiman, and Hugo Riesenfeld to form Red Seal Pictures Corporation, which owned 36 theaters on the East Coast, extending as far west as Cleveland, Ohio.

Hollywood chooses other sound systems
Hollywood studios largely rejected Phonofilm, and instead introduced different systems for sound film.

In 1924, Western Electric was developing both a sound-on-disc system, where the film is synchronized with a phonograph containing the sound, and their own optical sound systems. They had had settled on 24 frames per second (90 feet per minute) as the standard film speed for sound, as they found slower film speeds could not consistently reproduce sound well.

Warner Bros. was the first to use a sound-on-disc system, Vitaphone. Warner Bros. released the feature film Don Juan starring John Barrymore on August 6, 1926, in Vitaphone, with music and sound effects only. On October 6, 1927, Warner Bros. released The Jazz Singer with Al Jolson in Vitaphone. The Jazz Singer was the first feature film to use synchronized sound for talking sequences rather than just for music and sound effects, and thus launched the talkie era.

The Fox Movietone system was first demonstrated to the public at the Sam H. Harris Theatre in New York City on January 21, 1927, with a short film of Raquel Meller preceding the feature film What Price Glory?, originally released in November 1926. Later in 1927, Fox released the first sound-on-film feature Sunrise by F. W. Murnau. In 1928, the sound-on-film process RCA Photophone was adopted by newly created studio RKO Radio Pictures and by Paramount Pictures.

Since Western Electric's ERPI division dominated the theater hardware market when the sound revolution finally got underway, its standard 24-frames-per-second speed was universally adopted by Fox and all the other studios as each began making sound films. As a consequence, Case's tests and de Forest's early Phonofilms, shot at about 21 frames per second, gave speakers and singers high-pitched "helium voices" if they are run on a standard sound projector. The Library of Congress and other film archives have printed new copies of some early Phonofilms, modifying them by periodically duplicating frames and correspondingly "stretching" the soundtracks to make them compatible with standard projectors and telecine equipment.

Downfall
Case and de Forest had a falling out due to de Forest taking full credit for the work of Case and Earl I. Sponable at the Case Research Lab. The Case Research Lab proceeded to build its own camera. That camera was used by Case and Sponable to film President Coolidge on August 11, 1924, creating one of the films shown by de Forest and claimed by him to be the product of "his" inventions. Case also expressed his displeasure that the program credited only the "DeForest-Case Patents", as Phonofilm's success rested upon the work of Case and his Case Research Lab.

Seeing that de Forest was more concerned with his own fame and recognition than he was with actually creating a workable system of sound film, and because of de Forest's continuing attempts to downplay the contributions of the Case Research Lab in the creation of Phonofilm, Case severed his ties with de Forest in the fall of 1925. On July 23, 1926, William Fox of Fox Film Corporation bought Case's patents, cutting off de Forest's access to them.

Without access to Case's inventions, de Forest was left with an incomplete system of sound film. He gave up on trying to exploit the process — at least in the U.S. (see UK section below) de Forest was in financial difficulty due to his lawsuits against Case, and had resorted to selling cut-rate sound equipment to second-run movie theaters wanting to convert to sound on the cheap. His company declared bankruptcy in September 1926. The Fleischers stopped releasing the Song Car-Tune films in Phonofilm shortly thereafter.

Even so, in June 1927, producer Pat Powers made an unsuccessful takeover bid for de Forest's company. In the aftermath, Powers hired former DeForest technician William Garity to produce a cloned version of the Phonofilm system.

Phonofilm in the UK
In July 1925, The Gentleman, a comedy short film excerpt of The 9 to 11 Revue directed by William J. Elliott, was made using Phonofilm, the first sound-on-film production in England. In 1926, the owner of a UK cinema chain, M. B. Schlesinger, acquired the UK rights to Phonofilm. Schlesinger filmed short films of British music hall performers such as Marie Lloyd Jr. and Billy Merson, along with famous stage actors such as Sybil Thorndike and Bransby Williams performing excerpts of works by Shakespeare, Shaw, and Dickens, from September 1926 to May 1929.

On October 4, 1926, Phonofilm made its UK premiere with a program of short films presented at the Empire Cinema in London, including a short film with Sidney Bernstein welcoming Phonofilm to the UK. According to the British Film Institute website, the UK division of De Forest Phonofilm was taken over in August 1928 by British Talking Pictures and its subsidiary, British Sound Film Productions, which was formed in September 1928; it is believed British Talking Pictures acquired De Forest's primary assets, including patents and designs for theatre audio equipment.

In March 1929, a feature film The Clue of the New Pin, a part-talkie based on an Edgar Wallace novel, was trade-shown with The Crimson Circle, a German-UK coproduction which was also based on a Wallace novel. Crimson was filmed in Phonofilm, and Pin was made in British Phototone, a sound-on-disc process using 12-inch phonograph records synchronized with the film. However, the UK divisions of both Phonofilm and British Phototone soon closed.

The last films made in the UK in Phonofilm were released in early 1929, due to competition from Vitaphone, and sound-on-film systems such as Fox Movietone and RCA Photophone. The release of Alfred Hitchcock's sound feature film Blackmail in June 1929, made in RCA Photophone, sealed the fate of Phonofilm in the UK.

Phonofilm in Australia
In June 1925, Phonofilm opened its first Australian office at 129 Bathurst Street, Sydney. On July 6, 1925, the first program of Phonofilms in Australia were shown at the Piccadilly Theatre in Sydney. A program was also shown at the Prince Edward Theatre in November and December 1925.

On April 6, 1927, Minister for Trade Herbert Pratten appeared in a DeForest film to celebrate the opening of a Phonofilm studio in Rushcutters Bay in Sydney. On May 12, 1927, a Phonofilm of the Duke and Dutchess of York arriving at Farm Cove was shown at the Lyceum Theatre in Sydney.

Phonofilm had closed all of its operations in Australia by October 1927, and sold its remaining studio facilities to an Australian company in October 1928.

Phonofilm in Spain
In 1928, Spanish producer Feliciano Manuel Vitores bought the Spanish rights to Phonofilm from DeForest and dubbed it "Fonofilm". He produced four films in the process, Cuando fui león (1928), En confesionario (1928), Va usted en punto con el banco (1928), and El misterio de la Puerta del Sol (1929). The first three were short films directed by Manuel Marín starring Spanish comedian Ramper, and the last was the first sound feature film made in Spain. The feature film was released in Spain by Divina Home Video in 2005, after years of being thought a lost film.

Phonofilm in Latin America
The Maurice Zouary collection at the Library of Congress holds approximately 45 films made in Phonofilm. A DVD produced by Zouary about the history of Phonofilm says that a short film of opera singers performing the Sextet from Lucia di Lammermoor was made by the "Latin American division" of Phonofilm. No further information is known about this division of Phonofilm. In 1926, DeForest released a short film referred to as Cuban Sound Documentary which included the Cuban national anthem and excerpts from The Merry Widow. However, little else is known of this film or whether other Phonofilms were made in Cuba.

Legacy of Phonofilm
More than 200 short films were made in the Phonofilm process, with many preserved in the collections of the Library of Congress (45 titles) and the British Film Institute (98 titles). In 1976, five Phonofilm titles were discovered in a trunk in Australia, and these films have been restored by Australia's National Film and Sound Archive.

List of films produced in Phonofilm

 A. C. Astor with Sentimental Mac (1928) ventriloquist Astor (d. April 7, 1966) with his dummy Sentimental MacTribute to Ventriloquism website
 Acci-Dental Treatment (1929) directed by Thomas Bentley with Ernie Lotinga as Jimmy Josser
 The Actors' Squad (1927) short with Lawrence Anderson
 Abraham Lincoln (1924) portrayal of Lincoln by actor Frank McGlynn Sr. in excerpt of 1918 play by John Drinkwater
 Adolph Zukor Introduces Phonofilm (1923) for release of The Covered Wagon and Bella Donna, two Paramount Pictures feature films with soundtracks filmed in Phonofilm
 Ag and Bert (1929) with Mabel Constanduros and Michael Hogan, directed by Bertram Phillips
 Ain't She Sweet (1928) with Chili Bouchier and Dick Henderson; see also Mark Griver and Pilbeam and His Band entries (below)
 Al Herman (1926) comedian Herman (1887-1967) performing a comedy sketch
 Alexander's Ragtime Band (1926) Fleischer cartoon**
 Alma Barnes the Internationally Famous Mimic (1926)
 Almost a Gentleman (1928) comedy short with Billy Bennett
 Alvin and Kelvin Keech (1926) brothers who are credited with the invention of the banjolele (banjo and ukulele)
 America's Flyers (1927) filmed at Roosevelt Field (June 29, 1927) with Richard E. Byrd, George Noville, and Bert Acosta, with speech given by Grover Whalen (listed in BFI database)
 Anna Pavlova Swan Dance (1925)
 Annie Laurie (1926)**
 The Antidote (1927) dramatic short directed by Thomas Bentley, with Primrose Morgan, Walter Sondes, and Jameson Thomas***
 Armistice Day of 1928 (1928) produced by Phonofilms (Singapore) and released by British Sound Film Corporation
 Arthur Roberts Sings "Topsey-Turvey" (April 1927) musical short with Arthur Roberts singing "Topsey-Turvey", directed by Bertram Phillips
 As We Lie (1927) comedy short with Lillian Hall-Davis and Miles Mander, directed by Mander; also known as Lost One Wife Ashton and Rawson (May 1928) Doris Ashton and Billy Rawson; Ashton sings and Rawson plays piano (BFI Database)
 At the Photographer's (1929) comedy short released by Ellbee Pictures
 An Attempted Duet (1928) comedy short with Beryl Beresford and Leslie Hinton
 Barber and Jackson in The Long and the Short of It (1922) with Barber and Jackson, male and female duo (first names unknown)
 Bard and Pearl (1923) Wilkie Bard and Jack Pearl in early tests for Phonofilm (in UCLA Film and Television Archive database)
 Barking Dog (1921) experimental film with barking dog
 The Barrister (June 1928) with George Robey, directed by Hugh Croise
 Being All Alone (1927)
 Bella Donna (1923) Paramount Pictures feature film directed by George Fitzmaurice and starring Pola Negri and Conway Tearle
 Ben Bernie and All the Lads (1925) with Oscar Levant on piano
 Bernice DePasquale (1922) Metropolitan Opera soprano
 Betty Chester the Well-Known Star of The Co-Optimists (1926) Chester sings "Pig-Tail Alley"
 Billy Merson Singing Desdemona (1926)
 Billy Merson in Scotland's Whiskey (1927) parody of Sir Harry Lauder
 Billy Merson in Russian Opera (1927)
 Bleak House (1926) aka Grandfather Smallweed, the Miser (UK title) with Bransby Williams***
 Boat Race (1929) The Oxford and Cambridge University Boat Race of March 23, 1929 ("centenary year") listed in BFI Database
 Boheme Blue (1927) musical short
 A Boston Star: Borrah Minnevitch (1923) harmonicist*
 The Bride (1929) comedy short with George Robey
 Bring on the Bride (August 1929) comedy short, directed by Harry Delf, with Betty Lancaster, Cecil Holm, and Edward O'Connor
 Brooke Johns and Goodee Montgomery (1925) Johns plays ukulele and Montgomery sings "I'm in Love Again" and dances***
 The Burglar and the Girl (1928) comedy short with Moore Marriott and Dorothy Boyd
 By the Light of the Silvery Moon (1926) the last of the Fleischer "Song Car-Tunes" with Phonofilm, released August 1926 **
 Call Me Up Some Rainy Afternoon (1926)**
 Calm as the Night (1927) sung by soprano Mary Cavanova (Marie Cavan)
 Canoodling (1928) Hal Jones sings song "Canoodling" from stage review Splinters Carrie From Lancasheer (October 1928)
 Carson and Shean (1926) ?Carson and Al Shean (SilentEra and BFI Database)
 Casey at the Bat (1922) famous poem read by actor DeWolf Hopper
 Cellist and Pianist (1928) two women play Saint-Saëns' "The Swan" from Carnival of the Animals; ?same as Jerome and France (see below)
 Charles Lindbergh (1927) filmed at Clapham Studios in London on Lindbergh's departure from the UK
 Charles Lindbergh Reception (1927) Lindbergh receives Medal of Valor from NYC mayor Jimmy Walker on June 13, 1927
 Charles Ross Taggart (1923) "The Old Country Fiddler at the Singing School" *
 Charles William Eliot (1924) former president of Harvard University gives speech (?at 1924 Democratic Convention)
 Charles "Chic" Sale (1922) "famed monologist"
 Charmaine (1928) musical short with Eric Marshall singing
 Chorus Gentlemen (1926) or Chorus, Gentlemen! Christmas Party (UK, December 1928) with Fred Elizalde and his Orchestra
 Clapham and Dwyer No. 1 (1929) Charles Clapham and Bill Dwyer
 Clapham and Dwyer No. 2 (1929) Charles Clapham and Bill Dwyer
 The Cleaner (1928) comedy short with Wilkie Bard
 Clonk! (1928) musical short with Arty Ash and Leslie Sarony, directed by Widgey R. Newman
 Clyde Doerr and His Sax-o-Phone Sextet (1923)
 The Coffee Stall (1927) Mark Lupino (c. 1894-4 April 1930) and Company, directed by George A. Cooper
 Cohen on the Telephone (1923) also known as Monroe Silver, Famed Monologist with monologist Monroe Silver*
 Come Take a Trip in My Airship (1924) one of the first in the Fleischer "Song Car-Tune" series**
 Comin' Thro' the Rye (1926)**
 Conchita Piquer (1923) in dance sketch "From Far Seville"*
 The Covered Wagon (1923) Paramount Pictures feature directed by James Cruze
 Cuando fui león (1928) Spanish producer purchased rights from DeForest for "Fonofilm"
 Cuban Sound Documentary (1926) with the Cuban national anthem and excerpts of The Merry Widow Daisy Bell (1925)**
 Dandy George and Rosie (1927) Dandy George (Albert George Spink) and his dog Rosie
 Darling Nelly Gray (1926)**
 David Gusikoff (1924) vibraphonist
 Der rote Kreis (1929) aka The Crimson Circle, UK-German feature based on Edgar Wallace novel, trade-shown in March 1929 in the UK
 Dick Henderson Sings "I Love Her All the More" (1926)
 Dick Henderson Sings "Tripe" (1926)
 Dick Henderson Sings "There Are More Heavens Than One" (1927)
 Die Nibelungen (1924), part I, "Siegfried" (only at the U.S. premiere in NYC on August 23, 1925)
 Dixie (1925)**
 Doing His Duty (1929) comedy short of Ernie Lotinga playing "Jimmy Josser", directed by Hugh Croise
 Dolly Gray (1926)**
 Domen (1924) Swedish language version of Retribution (1924), directed by Arthur Donaldson, Swedish actor and director
 Donald Brian (1925) in Peggy O'Hooligan Downey and Owens (1925) Morton Downey (Sr.) and ?Owens ("Two Boys and a Piano") sing "Show Me the Way to Go Home" and "There Is No One Like Myself"
 The Duke and Duchess of York Arrive at Farm Cove (1927) film first shown May 12, 1927, at the Lyceum in Sydney, Australia
 Dunio and Gegna (1927) instrumental comedians, play "Yes Sir, That's My Baby" on violin and cello (BFI Database)
 Drink to Me Only (1926) Gwen Farrar (1899-1944) sings title song
 East Side, West Side (1925) also known as "The Sidewalks of New York" **
 Edith Sitwell (1927) reads from her work
 El misterio de la Puerta del Sol (1929) first sound feature film made in Spain
 Elga Collins the Versatile Entertainer (1927) Collins sings "Ain't It Nice" and "Tonight You Belong to Me"
 Emmie Joyce Sings "I Need Love" (1927)
 Emmie Joyce Sings "Patience" (1927)
 En confesionario (1928)
 Ethel Hook (1926) song by contralto Ethel Hook, sister of classical singer Clara Butt
 Eubie Blake Plays His "Fantasy on Swanee River" (1923)
 Eva Puck and Sammy White (1923) doing their sketch "Opera vs. Jazz" *
 Everybody's Doing It (1926) **
 The Fair Maid of Perth (1926) live-action UK film with Louise Maurel, directed by Miles Mander
 False Colours (1927) dramatic short with Ursula Jeans and A. B. Imeson, directed by Miles Mander
 Fannie Ward (1924) Fannie Ward sings "Father Time"
 Fannie Ward (1924) performs comedy sketch as the "Perennial Flapper"
 Farewell Message of Mr. Levine and Captain Hinchcliffe, Just Before Their Departure on Their Return Flight to America (1927) with Charles A. Levine and Capt. Walter G. R. Hinchliffe
 Femina Quartette Nr. 1 (1928) with Elizabeth Hyde (soprano), Brenda Hales (cellist), Yvonne Black (pianist) performing (BFI Database)
 A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots" (late 1923, early 1924)
 The Fire Brigade (October 1928) with Robb Wilton
 Five Minutes with Al Smith (1924) Franklin D. Roosevelt introduces Smith at 1924 Democratic Convention
 The Flat Charleston (1926) with Santos Casani and Josie Lennard
 The 'Flu That Flew (May 1928)
 Flying Jenny Airplane (1921) experimental film with Curtiss JN-4 ("Jenny") airplane
 The Four Bachelors (1924) singing quartet
 Franklin D. Roosevelt Speech (1924) filmed at 1924 Democratic National Convention in NYC
 Frivolous Fragments (1927) comedy sketch with Alec Daimler and Dora Eadie
 Futuritzy (June 24, 1928) Felix the Cat short, directed by Otto Messmer, produced by Pat Sullivan, released by Educational Pictures; re-released in 1929 by Copley Pictures
 The Gentleman (1925) first sound-on-film UK film, directed by William J. Elliott, excerpt of The 9 to 11 Revue by Harold Simpson and Morris Harvey
 George Bernard Shaw (1927) one year before similar film Greeting by George Bernard Shaw released by Fox Movietone News in June 1928
 George Jackley (1885-1950), the Indignant Comedian in "A Doggy Ditty" (1927)
 George Jessel (1924) comedy sketch by Jessel
 Gilland Singer (1927) M. Gilland from France sings, dressed as wounded World War I soldier
 Gimme the Hat (1927)
 Gloria Swanson Dialogue (1925), Gloria Swanson, Henri de la Falaise, and Thomas Meighan directed by Allan Dwan, in film for The Lambs annual "Spring Gambol" presented at the Metropolitan Opera House, showing Swanson trying to crash the all-male club; Meighan also hosted the live Gambol event (April 26, 1925)
 Goodbye My Lady Love (1924)**
 Gordon Freeman (1924) and his "crazy inventions"
 Gorno's Italian Marionettes (1928) aka Die singenden MarionettenAntti Alanen Film Diary entry
 Gwen Farrar (1899-1944) cellist Farrar performs "Drink to Me Only With Thine Eyes" (1926)
 Gwen Farrar and songwriter Billy Mayerl perform "I've Got a Sweetie on the Radio" (1926)
 Hal Brown Lancashire Comedian (1928)
 The Harlequin's Serenade (no further identification of performer; in original April 15, 1923, program)*
 Harrigan and Altworth (1922) early DeForest test film
 Harry and Max Nesbitt (1927) film sometimes listed as "Yid Nesbitt" (Max's nickname), brothers from South Africa in "vocal, verbal, and terpsichorean tidbits"
 Harry Shalson the Popular Entertainer (1927) Shalson sings "You Go Too Far"
 Has Anybody Here Seen Kelly? (1926) Fleischer cartoon originally with green and orange tinting **
 The Hawaiian Revellers (1928) with Kahola Marsh and His Hawaiian Orchestra
 Hedicashun (1929) monologue by A. W. Goodwin
 Helen Lewis and Her All-Girl Jazz Syncopators (1925) Lewis leads her all-female band
 Helen Menken (1925) Broadway star Helen Menken
 Henry Cass Demonstration Film (1923)* also at the Engineers Society Auditorium in NYC on April 12, 1923
 Her Unborn Child (1930) last feature film made in Phonofilm, directed by Albert Ray (screen debut of Elisha Cook)
 His Night Out (1924) comedy short with Fred Ardath, Bob Albright, and The McCarthy Sisters
 His Rest Day (1927) comedy short directed by George A. Cooper with Matthew Boulton as Bill Gosling
 Hot Tips (1929) comedy short released by Ellbee Pictures
 Hot Water and Vegetabuel (1928) Leslie Sarony sings "When You're Up to Your Neck in Hot Water (Think of the Kettle and Sing)"
 The Houston Sisters (1926) musical short with Billie and Renee Houston
 The Hyde Sisters (1928) musical short with The Hyde Sisters
 I Can't Take You Out of My Dreams (1926) Winnie Collins and Walter Williams sing title song
 I Don't Believe You're in Love With Me (1926) Winnie Collins and Walter Williams sing title song
 I Don't Care What You Used to Be (1927) Dick Henderson sings title song
 I Don't Know (1928) Emmie Joyce sings title song
 I Love a Lassie (1925) **
 I Want a Pie with a Plum In (1926) Dick Henderson sings title song by Wal Clifford
 In the Good Old Summer Time (1926) **
 An Intimate Interlude (1928) comedy short with Albert Whelan
 I've Never Seen a Straight Banana (1926) sung by Dick Henderson, song by Ted Waite
 J. H. Squires' Celesta Octet (1928) aka "Memories of Tschaikovsky" w/The Squires Octet
 Jack Pearl and Ben Bard (1926) with Bard, Pearl, and Sascha Beaumont
 Jerome and France (1928) cellist with pianist; ?same as "Cellist and Pianist" (see above)
 Joe Termini the Somnolent Melodist (1926) specialty musician performs on violin and banjo
 Joe Theiss Saxotette (1929)
 John Citizen's Lament (1927) Charles Paton performs song "If Your Face Wants to Smile, We'll Let It In" from revue John Citizen's Lament John W. Davis Campaign Speech (1924), Democratic candidate who lost to Coolidge
 Josephine Earle (UK, February 1929) musical short; re-released as part of compilation film Musical Medley No. 4 (1932)
 Josser, KC (1929) comedy short with Ernie Lotinga playing "Jimmy Josser" (possible duplicate of Doing His Duty)
 The Jubilee Four (1924) gospel quartet
 Julius Caesar (1926) excerpt from the Shakespeare play, with Basil Gill as Brutus and Malcolm Keen as Cassius
 Key and Heyworth (1927) duo sing a song (BFI Database)
 Knee Deep in Daisies (1926) song "I'm Knee-Deep in Daisies (and Head Over Heels in Love)" sung by Paul England and Dorothy Boyd
 Kollege Kapers (1929) comedy short written and directed by Bobby Harmon
 La Chauve-Souris (1923) Nikita Balieff's group La Chauve-Souris performing their sketch "Parade of the Wooden Soldiers" (? with Technicolor sequence)*
 Lee DeForest (1922) De Forest sitting in a chair and explaining Phonofilm
 Léon Rothier (1923), operatic bass from the Metropolitan Opera
 Lillian Powell Bubble Dance (1923)* Denishawn dancer Powell dances to a theme by Brahms; film also shown at the Engineers Society Auditorium in NYC April 12, 1923***
 Lincoln, Man of the People (1923) Edwin Markham reads his poem "Lincoln, Man of the People"
 The London Four (1927) male voice quartet
 Love's Old Sweet Song (1923) two-reeler with Louis Wolheim, Donald Gallaher, and Una Merkel, cinematography by Freeman Harrison Owens
 Luella Paikin (1922) early DeForest test film of singer
 Lulu (1928) musical short
 Luna-cy! (1925) 1922 experimental 3-D film by Frederick Ives and Jacob Leventhal re-released with Phonofilm soundtrack May 18, 1925
 Madelon (1927) Camille Gillard in "Madelon", directed by Widgey Newman
 Major Issues of the Campaign (1924) compilation of Al Smith, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and John W. Davis short Phonofilms taken at the 1924 Democratic National Convention in NYC (see individual entries)
 The Man in the Street (1926) short based on Louis N. Parker play, directed by Thomas Bentley, with Wilbur Lenton, John MacAndrews, and Bunty O'Nolan (UK title: Man of Mystery)
 Margie (1926)**
 Marie Lloyd (1926) starring Marie Lloyd Jr., daughter of music hall star Marie Lloyd
 Marie Rappold (1922) Metropolitan Opera star
 Mark Griver and His Scottish Revellers (1927) perform "She Was Just a Sailor's Sweetheart" and "Ain't She Sweet"—see also Chili Bouchier entry (above) and Pilbeam and His Band entry (below)
 Max Herzberg (1924) pianist
 Medevedeff's Balalaika Orchestra (1929)
 Meet the Family (1929) comedy short with Harry Delf, released by Ellbee Pictures
 Memories of Lincoln (1925) 91-year-old former legislator Chauncey Depew recalls meeting Abraham Lincoln
 The Merchant of Venice (1927) the trial scene, with Joyce Lyons and Lewis Casson, perhaps the first sound-on-film reproduction of a scene from a Shakespeare play
 Mickey (1927) **
 Mira la Blanca Luna (UK/Czech, 1936) Rossini aria sung by tenor Otakar Mařák and soprano Marie Cavan (Mary Cavanova)
 Mirth and Magic (1928) unidentified magician performs his magic act
 Miss Edith Kelly-Lange (1927) violin solo
 Miss Lalla Dodd, the Modern Soubrette (1927)
 Molly Picon (1924) famed Yiddish actress
 Mother, Mother, Mother Pin a Rose on Me (1924) **
 Mr. George Mozart the Famous Comedian (1928) comedy short
 Mr. Smith Wakes Up (1929) comedy short with Elsa Lanchester
 Mrs. Mephistopheles (1929) comedy short with George Robey as title character, directed by Hugh Croise
 A Musical Monologue (1923) with Phil Baker and his accordion*
 My Bonnie (1925) aka My Bonnie Lies Over the Ocean **
 My Old Kentucky Home (1926) first to use "Follow the Bouncing Ball" **
 My Wife's Gone to the Country (1926)**
Nan Wild (November 1927) directed by George A. Cooper
 Nap (1928) with Ernie Lotinga as Josser, directed by Hugh Croise
 Nervo and Knox (1926) perform their song "The Love of Phtohtenese" (pronounced "Hot Knees")
 The New Paris Lido Club Band (1928) directed by Bertram Phillips
 A Night in Dixie (1925) musical short in Maurice Zouary collection (Library of Congress
 The Nightingale's Courtship (1927) French clowns, the Plattier Brothers
 The Nightwatchman (1928) with Wilkie Bard singing his song "The Night Watchman"
 Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake (1923) perform their song "Affectionate Dan" and "All God's Chillen Got Shoes"
 Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake Sing Snappy Songs (1923) sing "Sons of Old Black Joe" and "My Swanee Home"
 Norah Blaney (1927) Blaney plays piano and sings "He's Funny That Way" and "How About Me"
 Nutcracker Suite (1925) **
 Oh! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning (1926) **
 Oh I Wish I Was in Michigan (1927) **
 Oh Mabel (1924) early entry in the Fleischer "Sound Car-Tune" series **
 Oh What a Pal Was Mary (1926)**
 Oh Suzanna (1925)**
 Oh, You Beautiful Doll (1926) **
 Old Black Joe (1926) **
 Old Folks at Home (1925) ?dupe of "Swanee" entry below **
 Old Pal Why Don't You Answer Me (1926) also sometimes listed as "My Old Pal" of "Dear Old Pal"**
 Olly Oakley (November 1927) directed by George A. Cooper; banjoist Oakley was born Joseph Sharpe (b. Birmingham November 26, 1877; d. London January 4, 1943)
 The Orderly Room (July 1928) comedy short with Ernie Lotinga as Jimmy Josser, directed by Hugh Croise
 Oscar Earlweiss (1924) "chorus and novelty concert"
 Pack Up Your Troubles in Your Old Kit-Bag (1926) Fleischer cartoon **
 Packing Up (1927) dramatic short with Mary Clare and Malcolm Keen, directed by Miles Mander
 Paul Specht Musical Number (1925)
 Peace and Quiet (1929) with Ralph Lynn and Winifred Shotter, directed by Sinclair Hill, play by Ronald Jeans
 Percival and Hill (1927)
 The Percival Mackey Trio (1929) directed by Bertram Phillips
 Percy Pryde and His Phonofiddle on the Phonofilm (1928)
 Philip Ritte and His Revellers (1927)
 Phonofilm (1923) with Binnie Barnes
 Pilbeam and His Band With Specialty Dance by the Misses Tosch (1927) jazzy version of "Ain't She Sweet?" (?Arnold Pilbeam, father of Nova Pilbeam). See Chili Bouchier entry and Mark Griver entry (above) which feature same song.
 Pipe Down (1929) comedy short released by Ellbee Pictures
 Plastigrams (1924) 1922 experimental 3-D film by Frederick Ives and Jacob Leventhal, re-released with Phonofilm soundtrack on September 22, 1924
 President Calvin Coolidge, Taken on the White House Grounds (1924) filmed August 11, 1924
 Punch and Judy (1928)
 The Radio Bug (September 1926) comedy short, produced by Jack White, directed by Stephen Roberts, and co-starring Phil Dunham, Toy Gallagher and Clem Beauchamp, about delivery of a new radio, released in sound and silent versions by Educational Pictures
 The Radio Franks (May 1926) NYC radio stars Frank Bessinger and Frank Wright sing "Remember" and "Hooray for Radio" ***
 The Raw Recruit (July 1928) comedy short with Ernie Lotinga as Jimmy Josser, directed by Hugh Croise
 Raymond Hitchcock Sketch (1924)
 Retribution (1924) directed by Arthur Donaldson, Swedish actor and director, see also Domen (1924)
 Rigoletto, Act Two (1923) with opera singer Eva Leoni (1895–1972) shown in NYC on April 12 and 15, 1923; released in the UK in September 1926 *
 Robert M. La Follette Sr. (1924) speech given during 1924 presidential campaign
 Rocky Road to Dublin (1927) **
 Roger Wolfe Kahn Musical Number (1925)
 Romeo et Juliette (1927) tenor Otakar Mařák and soprano Mary Cavanova (Marie Cavan)
 Safety First (1928) George Robey singing his song "Safety First", directed by Hugh Croise
 Sailing, Sailing Over the Bounding Main (1925) **
 Saint Joan (1927) cathedral scene from Shaw's play, with Sybil Thorndike
 The Samehtini Trio (1927) two ballads and Hungarian dance (possibly Csárdás (Monti)) performed by male trio (pianist, cellist, and vocalist)
 Sammy Fain and Artie Dunn (1923) before Fain quit to become full-time songwriter
 Santa Claus (1926) with Basil Gill as Santa Claus
 Scovell and Wheldon (1927) UK radio stars (male duo) sing "Ukulele Lullaby" and "Fresh Milk Comes From Cows"
 Scrooge (1928), a monologue from Dickens's A Christmas Carol, with Bransby Williams as Scrooge
 Sensations of 1927 (1927) Thorpe Bates in excerpt of Lawrence Wright's Sensations of 1927; full title A Few Melodious Moments From Lawrence Wright's "Sensations of 1927" at Onchan Head Pavilion Douglas, I.O.M. (BFI Database)
 The Sentence of Death (1927) dramatic short directed by Miles Mander and starring Dorothy Boyd (US title: His Great Moment)
 Sextet from Lucia di Lammermoor (1923) DVD by Zouary shows it to be produced by the ?"Latin American division" of Phonofilm
 The Sheik of Araby (US, September 1926) Fleischer cartoon **
 The Sheik of Araby (UK, December 1926) live-action short directed in the UK by Miles Mander
 Sidney Bernstein Welcomes Phonofilm (1926) shown October 4, 1926, at the Empire Cinema in London
 So Blue (1927) with ?Delys and Clark
 Songs of Yesterday (1922) spirituals sung by Abbie (Abbey) Mitchell
 Sonia Serova Dancers (1924) modern dance group performs to Edvard Grieg's "Song of Spring"
 Spirits (1929) comedy short with Ernie Lotinga as Jimmy Josser
 The Stage Hands (1928) comedy short
 Stringed Harmony (1923) with ukulele and banjo player Roy Smeck*
 The Sugar Step (1928)
 The Superior Sex (1928) comedy short with John Henry
 Swanee River (1925)**
 Sweet Adeline (1926) **
 Syncopation and Song (1927) with The Coney Island Six
 The Tale-Teller Phone (1928) comedy short with Nita Alvarez, Athalie Davis, and Philip Desborough
 Ta-Ra-Ra-Boom-Dee-Aye (1926)**
 Teddy Brown (1927)
 Teddy Brown, Xylophonist (1929)
 That Brute Simmons (1928) comedy short with Frank Stanmore, Forrester Harvey, and Barbara Gott
 The Third Gun (1929) three-reel short directed by Geoffrey Barkas
 Thorpe Bates (1926)
 The Three Rascals and a Piano (1927)
 To See If My Dreams Come True (1927) Jack Hodges sings title song
 Tommy Lorne and "Dumplings" (1927)
 Tommy Lorne (1927) sings "The Lard Song"
 Toot Toot (1926) Fleischer cartoon ("Toot Toot Tootsie"?)**
 Topsey-Turvey (1927) comedian Arthur Roberts sings "Topsey-Turvey", directed by Bertram Phillips
 The Toy Shop (1928)
 The Trail of the Lonesome Pine (1927) **
 Tramp, Tramp, Tramp the Boys Are Marching (1926) **
 The Trial Turn (1928) comedy short with Horace Kenney
 Troy Fassett (1924) comedy short
 Tulipsky (1924) pianist (famed "peonyist")
 Tumbledown Shack in Athlone (1927) **
 Two Sisters (1929) with Rex Lease and Viola Dana
 Unmasked (1929) mystery feature film directed by Edgar Lewis (released by Weiss Brothers-Artclass Films)
 The Unwritten Law (UK, 1929) two-reel short directed by Sinclair Hill at Wembley Studios
 Va usted en punto con el banco (1928)
 Ventriloquist (1927) with William Frawley as peddler hawking "Hoak" patent medicine and girl (real-life wife Edna Frawley) who becomes the dummy (BFI database)
 Vicarage Trio—Kerbstone Entertainment (1928)
 The Victoria Girls (1928) perform "The Doll Dance", their "famous dancing medley"
 Violet Heming (1925) appeared in "playlet" filmed in Phonofilm (Variety, September 1925)
 Waiting for the Robert E. Lee (1927) **
 Weber and Fields (1923) doing their pool hall sketch *
 Westminster Glee Singers (1927) group directed by Edward Branscombe
 What the Phonofilm Means (introduced by ?Bart Doyle; in original April 15, 1923, program)*
 When I Leave This World Behind (1926) **
 When I Lost You (1926) **
 When That Yiddisher Band Played an Irish Tune (1926) with Teddy Elben and His Irish JewzaleersBFI Database entry
 When the Midnight Choo-Choo Leaves for Alabam' (1926)**
 The Whistler (1926) dramatic short with Louise Maurel, John F. Hamilton, and Reginald Fox, directed by Miles Mander
 Why Bananas? (1926) with Teddy Elben
 Wyn Gladwyn, One Person Two Personalities (1928)
 Yak-A-Hula-Hick-A-Doola (1926) **
 Yorke and Adams (1927) Augustus Yorke (1860-1939) and Nicholas Adams perform Potash and Perlmutter''
 You and I and My Gondola (1927)
 Yvette Darnac (1929) radio star Darnac sings Gershwin tune "The Man I Love"

(*) Included in program of Phonofilms at the Rivoli Theater in NYC on April 15, 1923(**) Fleischer "Song Car-Tunes" series (some titles later re-released by the Fleischers in their "Screen Songs" series, through Paramount Pictures, with new soundtracks recorded in RCA Photophone)(***) Found in a trunk in Windsor, New South Wales, Australia in early 1976, and restored by the National Film and Sound Archive of Australia

See also
 Photokinema
 Eric Tigerstedt
 Tri-Ergon
 Joseph Tykociński-Tykociner
 List of film formats
 List of film sound systems

References

External links

 List of de Forest Phonofilm titles at IMDB
 List of Cinephone films (includes earlier Cinephone system not related to Powers Cinephone) at IMDB
 List of De Forest Phonofilm titles at BFI Database
 History of de Forest inventions including Phonofilm
 Copy of DeForest Phonofilm Corporation stock certificate with section of film from The Covered Wagon (1923) showing soundtrack
 Australian National Film Archive website
 Ben Bernie and All the Lads (1924) led by Ben Bernie with Oscar Levant on piano, made in Phonofilm
 President Coolidge, Taken on the White House Lawn (filmed on 11 August 1924) at Archive.org
 A Few Moments With Eddie Cantor, Star of "Kid Boots" (premiere of Broadway show Kid Boots in late 1923 or early 1924 in NYC) at Archive.org
 Sissle and Blake Sing Snappy Songs (1923)
 The Victoria Girls (1928) performing "The Doll Dance" at YouTube (clip has incorrect date of 1930) filmed at Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
 Mark Griver and His Scottish Revellers (1927) filmed at the Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
 Dick Henderson Sings I Love Her All the More (1926) filmed at the Phonofilm Clapham Studios in London
 Billy Merson Sings Desdemona (1927) filmed at Clapham Studios in London
 List of Early Sound Films 1894-1929 at Silent Era website

Film sound production
Film and video technology
History of film
Motion picture film formats
Phonofilm short films

Phonofilm


The Ford Puma is a subcompact crossover SUV (B-segment) marketed by Ford since 2019. It is considered as a SUV equivalent of the seventh-generation Fiesta. The vehicle is only available for the European, Australasian, and South African markets, with sales starting in Europe from 2019, in Australasia from late 2020, and in South Africa from October 2023. In the European market, the Puma is positioned above the EcoSport and below the Kuga (also called Escape outside Europe).

An electric version of the Puma will be launched in 2024.

Overview
Ford first announced the Puma crossover at its event Go Further in Amsterdam, along with the introduction of the third-generation Kuga. The Puma nameplate was last used on the Puma sport compact. The vehicle is based on the seventh-generation Fiesta platform (Ford Global B-car platform).

Production of the Puma started in Craiova, Romania (Ford Romania) in October 2019 along with the EcoSport subcompact crossover and the EcoBoost 1.0 L Fox engine used in both cars. Ford invested two hundred million euros, and employed 1,700 people on the project.

The Puma is offered with a mild hybrid 1.0 litre EcoBoost three cylinder turbo gasoline engine with a belt driven integrated starter, which uses energy from the braking system to charge the forty eight volt lithium ion battery pack in order to increase torque and lower emissions. Power is rated at , 114 kW, and  with an additional  from the integrated starter system.

In December 2022, the Puma Vivid Ruby Edition was unveiled as the new flagship trim.

In March 2023, the Puma ST Powershift was officially launched with a  1.0L mild-hybrid engine and an automatic transmission.

Safety
Puma was tested by Euro NCAP in 2019. It is rated five-star. Adult and child protection is rated at 94% and 84%. Pedestrian safety is rated 77% by Euro NCAP. The organisation tested the Puma again in 2022, on that occasion giving it a four-star overall rating, with a 75% score in the adult-occupant category, an 84% score in the child-occupant category, a 70% score in the vulnerable-road-users category, and a 69% score in the safety-assist category. The organisation found that the Puma had "marginal" performance in protecting the chest of the driver in a frontal-offset collision, the chest of a rear-seat adult passenger in a full-width rigid barrier collision, and in protecting those seated in the front from whiplash injuries in a rear-end collision, with "poor" performance at preventing occupants bodies from being thrown from side to side in an impact, while generally performing well in other areas for adult occupants. The organisation found protection for child occupants to be "good or adequate" in all of their tests. They also found the protection of struck pedestrians to be "good or adequate" in all areas except for the bottom of the windscreen and the a-pillars surrounding it, which were described as "stiff" and as having "poor" performance for head protection. The organisation rated the autonomous-emergency-braking system's performance as "marginal" due to the characteristics of the front seats and head restraints in low-speed autonomous-emergency-braking tests.

Pre-Collision Assist with Pedestrian Detection, Emergency Brake Assist, Tire Pressure Monitoring System, Electronic Stability Control, semi-autonomous parking assist, and Emergency Steering Assist. The car also has adaptive cruise control. Other available features are autonomous emergency braking, Intelligent Speed Limiter and lane keeping assist.

Reception
In 2020, the Sunday Times found the "infotainment" system to be more difficult to operate than some competing Volkswagen Group products. They noted that the Puma has less rear-passenger space than those models, although they felt the large windows meant children were less likely to become motion sick riding in the back than in a Nissan Juke or Toyota C-HR. While they found the interior to be relatively quiet at speed they found the ride quality to be somewhat inferior to some of its competitors. They noted the  boot as one of the largest in a crossover car sold at the time. The same publication also reviewed the ST model, saying they were "not sure why you'd want this over the 153bhp ST Line Puma" and noted "the uncomfortable seats and twitchy handling that make less sense in an SUV" while saying that the  they averaged was "decent for a car that can hit 62mph from standstill in 6.7sec". The Daily Telegraph found the physical buttons in the Titanium model they tested to be less distracting than touch-sensitive pads found in some other contemporary cars. Both newspapers praised the Puma's clutch and brakes, and noted the drainable "megabox" underneath the boot as a standout feature. Which? found changing radio stations to be "needlessly complex" and found the Puma to be reliable in surveys, with one-in-fifty Pumas under four years old breaking down in the time frame studied.

In January 2020, What Car? magazine awarded the Puma its Car of the Year title. In January 2021, the Puma 1.0 Ecoboost Hybrid 155 Titanium won What Car?'s Small SUV of the Year title. The same year, the Puma ST 1.5 Ecoboost 200 Performance Pack was named the magazine's Sports SUV of the Year. What Car? awarded the Puma five stars out of five in its review of the car.

Motorsport
A Group Rally1 car, named Ford Puma Rally1, is currently competing in the 2023 World Rally Championship.

Sales
In 2021, the Ford Puma became the best-selling Ford model in the UK, surpassing the Ford Fiesta. Its high sales figures also resulted in it being the overall 8th best-selling car in the UK in 2021 having achieved 28,697 new registrations throughout the year.

References

External links

Puma (crossover)
Cars introduced in 2019
2020s cars
Subcompact crossover sport utility vehicles
Euro NCAP superminis
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Hybrid electric cars

Ford Puma (crossover)


In projective geometry, a desmic system () is a set of three tetrahedra in 3-dimensional projective space, such that any two are desmic (related such that each edge of one cuts a pair of opposite edges of the other). It was introduced by .  The three tetrahedra of a desmic system are contained in a pencil of quartic surfaces.

Every line that passes through two vertices of two tetrahedra in the system also passes through a vertex of the third tetrahedron.
The 12 vertices of the desmic system and the 16 lines formed in this way are the points and lines of a Reye configuration.

Example
The three tetrahedra given by the equations

form a desmic system, contained in the pencil of quartics

for a + b + c = 0.

References
.
.
.

External links
 Desmic tetrahedra

Projective geometry

Desmic system


Dinero is an unincorporated community in eastern Live Oak County, Texas, United States.  It lies along local roads south of Interstate 37, southeast of the city of George West, the county seat.  Its elevation is 112 feet (34m). It once had a post office, but it was shut down in 2008 and the 78350 zip code removed.

Former State Senator Cyndi Taylor Krier spent part of her girlhood in Dinero, where her maternal grandfather and then her grandmother were the postmasters, long before the closing of the facility.

References

External links

Unincorporated communities in Live Oak County, Texas
Unincorporated communities in Texas

Dinero, Texas


Squash may refer to:
 Squash (plant), the fruit
 Squash (sport), an indoor racket sport
 Squash tennis, a similar game but played with equipment related more to that of tennis
 Squash (2002 movie), an Academy Award-nominated short movie about a squash game
 Squash (drink), a drink made of concentrated fruit syrup or fructose
 Squash (professional wrestling), an extremely one-sided match in professional wrestling
 SquashFS, a read-only file system

Squash


A debtor in possession or DIP in United States bankruptcy law is a person or corporation who has filed a bankruptcy petition, but remains in possession of property upon which a creditor has a lien or similar security interest. A debtor becomes the debtor in possession after filing the bankruptcy petition. A corporation which continues to operate its business under Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings is a debtor in possession.

Under certain circumstances, the debtor in possession may be able to keep the property by paying the creditor the fair market value, as opposed to the contract price. For example, where the property is a personal vehicle which has depreciated since the time of the purchase, and which the debtor needs to find or continue employment to pay off his debts, the debtor may pay the creditor for the fair market value of the car to keep it.

See also
Debtor-in-possession financing
Seniority (financial)
Bail out (finance)
Default (finance)
Distressed securities
Insolvency
Liquidation
Bankruptcy alternatives

Notes

United States bankruptcy law

Debtor in possession


Benjamin Blessum (November 4, 1877 – October 4, 1954) was an American painter, graphic artist and illustrator. He was primarily known for his Norwegian landscapes.

Background
Ben Blessum was born in Marstein, Romsdalen, Norway. He was the son of shoemaker Johan Blessum and Marit Trøen from Vågå, Gudbrandsdal. His family emigrated from Trondheim in 1888 to Menominee, Wisconsin when he was 11 years old. He also lived in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, where his father worked in the lumber mills. In 1896, he moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he attended  the Art Institute of Chicago, worked as a commercial artist and for the Chicago Tribune as an illustrator, and was involved in the temperance movement.

Career
In 1905, Blessum was selected to design and illustrate a publication marking the coronation of Haakon VII of Norway. In 1913, he was commissioned to design and execute a painting to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Norwegian Constitution. He painted The Departure of the Restauration  now located at the Norwegian Emigrant Museum in Hamar. In 1916, he lived in Santa Fe, New Mexico, painting for the Santa Fe Railroad. During World War I, Blessum served as a representative to the American Committee on Public Information in Norway and acted in the same capacity for the United States War Department.

Blessum was a member of the Chicago Norske Klub and Palette and Chisel Academy of Fine Art both in Chicago. Blessum exhibited at the Art Institute of Chicago. Exhibitions of his works were held at the Chicago Norske Klub Annual Art Exhibit and the Norse-American Centennial Art Exhibition at the Minnesota State Fair.

From 1923 to his retirement in 1936, he was the representative for the Norwegian State Railways in New York. Blessum received the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, First Class, bestowed by King Haakon VII of Norway in recognition of his many services to the nation. He served as secretary of the Norwegian National League for over 50 years.

Personal life
Blessum settled in Chicago with his wife, Karen Olsen, whom he married in 1900, and their children, Norman and Dagny. He retired in 1936 and built a home outside of Chicago.  Blessum died at Lake Villa, Illinois, at the age of 77.

Selected works
Smaa diamanter: udvalgte fortællinger  (1899)
What You Can See from the Train in Norway (1930)
Vikingland Vacations Norway (1930)

References

Other sources
Erickson, Rolf H. (1988) Ben Blessum, Norwegian-American Artist (The Sons of Norway Viking, 85, 10: 408-410)
Haugan, Reidar Rye (1933) Prominent Artists and Exhibits of Their Work in Chicago (Chicago Norske Klub. Nordmanns-Forbundet, 24: 371—374,Volume 7)

External links
Norway - Summer season
The Lands of The Vikings
Biography from Luther College
Smaa diamanter : udvalgte fortællinger
The Departure of the Restauration
Smithsonian Institution

1877 births
1954 deaths
People from Møre og Romsdal
19th-century American painters
American male painters
20th-century American painters
Painters from Chicago
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
School of the Art Institute of Chicago alumni
People from Eau Claire, Wisconsin
Artists from Wisconsin
Writers from Chicago
Writers from Wisconsin
Recipients of the St. Olav's Medal
People from Lake Villa, Illinois
People from Menominee, Wisconsin
19th-century American male artists
20th-century American male artists

Benjamin Blessum


Michael Robert Henrion Posner ( ; born February 12, 1988) is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. He released his debut album, 31 Minutes to Takeoff, in 2010. The album includes the US Billboard Hot 100 top 10 single "Cooler than Me" as well as the top 20 single "Please Don't Go".

In 2015, a remix of the single "I Took a Pill in Ibiza" peaked in the top 10 on the charts in 27 countries around the world, including hitting number one in many, and the top five on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. In 2016, he released his second album, At Night, Alone, with the song and its remix.

Posner has also written songs for a great number of fellow artists. In 2017, Posner released his first book of poetry, Tear Drops & Balloons. He is also a member of the alternative hip-hop and R&B duo Mansionz with blackbear.

Early life
Michael Robert Henrion Posner was born on February 12, 1988, in Detroit, Michigan. He was raised in Southfield, a northern suburb of Detroit. He has a sister who is six years older. His father was Jewish and his mother is Catholic. Posner went to Bingham Farms Elementary School, Berkshire Middle School and graduated from Groves High School, where he ran varsity track and cross-country. He attended Duke University, where he was a member of Sigma Nu fraternity. He graduated with a B.A. in Sociology with a 3.6 GPA.

Posner's father, Jon, a criminal defense lawyer, died on January 11, 2017; his mother is Roberta Henrion; and his sister, Emily Henrion Posner, is a civil rights attorney.

Career

2008–2010: 31 Minutes to Takeoff

Posner started out as a record producer, working on some tracks with his hometown friend Big Sean. Posner's second mixtape, A Matter of Time (the first mixtape being Reflections of a Lost Teen) started attracting industry attention in 2009. Working with Don Cannon and DJ Benzi, the mixtape was recorded at Duke University in March 2009 under the name, "Mike Posner & the Brain Trust", the Brain Trust referring to Posner's supporters. The release was unusual for being distributed for free through iTunes U, a channel designed for educational audio content. Although Posner was not the only artist to take advantage of this loophole, his release was the most organized and high profile, and attracted the largest response, immediately reaching the number one position on the iTunes U chart. Posner signed a record deal with J Records (RCA/Sony) in July 2009, after his Junior year at Duke University. He chose to return to Duke after signing, and toured on the weekends while at the same time recording for his debut album.

Posner's third mixtape One Foot Out the Door was released in October 2009. The mixtape was accompanied by a web series of the same name which aired bi-weekly from September to December. Posner's debut album, 31 Minutes to Takeoff was released in August 2010. The first single, "Cooler Than Me" peaked at number 6 on the US Billboard Hot 100. He performed at music festival Bonnaroo and on the 2010s Warped Tour. The second and third singles, "Please Don't Go" and "Bow Chicka Wow Wow" reached the top 20 and 30 on the Hot 100 respectively. The latter was released with an added verse by rapper Lil Wayne. Posner won a 2011's ASCAP Award from the publishing organization for "Cooler Than Me". On October 7, 2011, RCA Music Group announced it was disbanding J Records along with Arista Records and Jive Records. With the shutdown, Posner (and all other artists previously signed to these three labels) will release his future material on the RCA Records brand.

2011–2014: The Layover and canceled albums
After the release of his debut album, he began working on his second studio album under the title Sky High and released the single "Looks Like Sex" to digital outlets on December 2, 2011. As a prelude to the release of the album, Posner released his third mixtape, The Layover. However, with the success of his first album, Posner began to feel uncomfortable with being in the spotlight and struggled with depression. He took a break from making music to write and produce songs for other artists. Posner later announced via Twitter that his next upcoming album would be titled Pages and would be released in early June or late Summer 2013. His single "The Way It Used To Be" premiered on digital outlets on June 11, 2013. In September 2013, it was announced that he had filmed a music video for his new single "Top of the World" which would appear on his upcoming Page 1 EP, set for release in October. The song was originally used for a Reebok campaign, and made available as a free download under the title "Tapada World" as a special remix. The song was released on December 17, 2013, featuring Big Sean, and the music video on December 19.

On March 4, 2014, Posner announced his Unplugged tour. Running seven dates in the major US markets, the tour highlighted music new and old from Posner's discography, including some new material from Pages, while also giving fans a shot at learning new information from him through the stories and Q&A sessions interspersed with the tunes. The unplugged sets featured little more than Posner on predominantly acoustic instruments, save for the potential live production on "a song or two"—much like, he says, how much of his music starts. Posner began the tour on March 31 at the World Cafe in Philadelphia, wrapping up on April 10 at Los Angeles' The Mint. The string of dates also included a hometown show in Posner's native Detroit, his first such show, he says, in around two years. In an interview with Billboard, Mike revealed that he had signed with Island Records and that Pages would be replaced with another project. He also stated that he would like to let the world hear his recordings from Sky High and Pages.

2015–present: At Night, Alone, Mansionz, A Real Good Kid, and The Walk Across America
On April 15, 2015, Posner released a stripped-down single, "I Took a Pill in Ibiza", on his Vevo account. The song was shared in an exclusive EP titled The Truth that Posner made available to fans through his email sign up list. He later confirmed that the EP would be made available to purchase from online retailers on June 22. In addition, Posner stated that his second studio album would be released after the EP.

"I Took a Pill in Ibiza" was then remixed by Norwegian production duo SeeB, whose version of the song has gathered over one billion streams on Spotify and a charting position of two on the Global Top 50 Chart and five on the USA Top 50 Chart. The SeeB remix topped the charts in the Netherlands, Ireland, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the Dance/Mix Show Airplay of American Billboard, and peaked within the top ten of the charts in Australia, Austria, Canada, Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States.

On December 18, 2015, a remix EP of The Truth was released. It featured SeeB's remix of "I Took a Pill in Ibiza", as well as a remix by JordanXL of the single "Be As You Are". Then, on March 17, 2016, Mike Posner announced his second album, At Night, Alone., which was released on May 6, 2016, and featured both originals and remixes of "I Took a Pill in Ibiza" and "Be As You Are". David Jeffries of AllMusic noted an improvement for Posner in the album, writing "this might not yet be the ultimate showcase for his talents, but At Night, Alone is both a welcome return and a significant step forward." On February 17, 2017, Posner announced that the third single from the album would be a remix by American electronic duo Grey of Posner's song "In the Arms of a Stranger".

2017 also saw Posner exploring new ground. Not only did he release a book of poetry, Teardrops and Balloons, on March 17, but he also put out a new collaboration with American singer blackbear under the name Mansionz. A soulful hip hop project with spoken word influence, the song was a collaboration with rapper Spark Master Tape titled "Stfu". Mansionz is currently signed to Island Records and has released three singles, "Stfu" (featuring Spark Master Tape), "Rich White Girls", and "Dennis Rodman" (featuring Dennis Rodman). The duo's self-titled debut full-length album was released on March 24, 2017, and featured appearances from Soren Bryce, G-Eazy, Cyhi The Prynce, Snooze God, Spark Master Tape, and Dennis Rodman.

Mike Posner was featured on Nick Jonas' 2017 single "Remember I Told You", the second collaboration between Posner and Jonas. The track also featured English singer Anne-Marie. On January 22, 2018, Posner announced a poetry album entitled I was born in detroit on a very, very, very, very, very, very, very cold day, which was released on January 26, 2018. In September 2018, Posner released "Song About You", the lead single from his third studio album, A Real Good Kid. The album was released on January 18, 2019.

He released his fourth mixtape Keep Going on October 9, 2019, to commemorate his trek across the country. On December 18, 2020, Posner released his fourth studio album, a rap-opera type album titled Operation: Wake Up.

Personal life
On January 4, 2019, Posner announced that starting on March 1, 2019, he would begin a walk across America, with a support tour bus, indicating that the journey would take "most of my 31st year." Posner subsequently received a significant amount of press and fandom surrounding the walk, including an interview on CBS This Morning. On April 15, 2019, Posner set out from Asbury Park, New Jersey to begin the 3,000+ mile trip across the country. On August 7, his walk was delayed a few weeks after he was bitten by a rattlesnake in Colorado and airlifted to a local hospital. He finished his walk across America on October 18, 2019, in Venice Beach, Los Angeles, California. He traveled more than 2,800 miles in the six-month trip.

On March 6, 2020, Posner endorsed Bernie Sanders for president in the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries.

In May 2021, Posner traveled to Nepal despite a US State Department travel advisory warning people of a massive COVID-19 outbreak in the country. In Nepal, he traveled to the base camp of Mount Everest and sang for climbers in the midst of a localized COVID-19 outbreak at base camp. On June 1 2021, at 4:35am, Posner summited Mount Everest with a team composed of guide Jon Kedrowski, Dawa Chirring Sherpa and Dawa Dorje Sherpa. Posner used his climb to raise $250,000 for the Detroit Justice Center.

Discography

 A Matter of Time (2009)
 31 Minutes to Takeoff (2010)
 At Night, Alone. (2016)
 A Real Good Kid (2019)
 Keep Going (2019)
 Operation: Wake Up (2020)

Concert tours

Headlining
 Warped Tour (2010)
 Up in the Air Tour (2010)
 The Layover Tour (2011–12)
 Unplugged Tour (2014)
 The Legendary Mike Posner Band Tour (2015–17)

Promotional
 European Tour (2011)
 MTVU VMA Tour (2011)

Opening act
Believe Tour  (2013)
Warrior Tour  (2013)
Future Now Tour  (2016)

Awards and nominations

References

External links

 Recording Institute of Detroit Home Page

1988 births
Living people
21st-century American male singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century American rappers
Alternative hip hop musicians
American dance musicians
American hip hop singers
American male pop singers
American male rappers
American male singer-songwriters
American summiters of Mount Everest
Duke University Trinity College of Arts and Sciences alumni
Jewish American musicians
Jewish American songwriters
J Records artists
People from Southfield, Michigan
Pop rappers
RCA Records artists
Singers from Detroit
Singer-songwriters from Michigan

Mike Posner


Paul Newland is a composer, musician, and founding member of the group [rout], and the electric guitar duo, exquisite corpse (David Arrowsmith/Paul Newland).

He studied composition at the Royal Northern College of Music with Anthony Gilbert and visiting tutor Harrison Birtwistle, at the Royal Academy of Music in London with Michael Finnissy and at Royal Holloway, University of London with Simon Holt receiving his doctorate in 2006. While a student at the Royal Academy of Music, György Ligeti awarded Newland the Josiah Parker prize for composition. In 1999, he was awarded a Japanese government Monbusho scholarship to study with Japanese composer Jo Kondo, and lived in Japan from 1999 to 2002.

Recent commissions and performances include Difference is everywhere (2017) for the Elias String Quartet, commissioned by the Wigmore Hall Trust, things that happen again (again)  (2017) for Music We'd Like to Hear, and Angus MacPhee (2015) commissioned by Ilan Volkov for the BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra and premiered in Glasgow at Tectonics 2015.

He has made several works in collaboration with choreographer and dancer Marina Collard including what this is, is... (2016), going on - going on (2015) and shellsuit (2015).

Many of his works have been written for and premiered by [rout] including; readymade 2 (1997), standing jump (2002), situation 2 (2007), husk (2009), nicholas givotovsky (2012) and holywell (2015).

Other works include : surface for the London Symphony Orchestra commissioned for their Soundscape Pioneers series, Repetition and difference and Come gather... (solo piano) for Tim Parkinson, 1-4 (solo harpsichord) for Jane Chapman, monotonous forest for ensemble Radius commissioned by the Britten Foundation premiered at the Wigmore Hall, patina and essays in idleness  (solo guitar) for David Arrowsmith and momiji gari for Japanese guitarists Norio Sato and Toshimitsu Kamigaichi.

The electric guitar duo, exquisite corpse, has performed at London's Vibe Bar, Café Oto, and Cakey Muto. As part of the ongoing project graft, exquisite corpse created a series of semi-improvised works with choreographer Mari Frogner, giving performances at Crondell St. Underground Car Park Shoreditch, The Book Club Spitalfields and The Old Police Station Deptford. The duo performed common wealth a work created specifically for the derelict Commonwealth Institute building on Kensington High Street. This new piece was created in collaboration with choreographer Mari Frogner and commissioned by Fruits of the Apocalypse for their Common Sounds project at Kensington and Chelsea Festival.

Newland is currently writing a solo piano piece for Satoko Inoue.

In 1994, he received the Paul Hamlyn Foundation Award for Composition. He received the New Millennium Composers Award in 2010.

He is a Professor of Composition at Guildhall School of Music and Drama in the Barbican, London. He is also Professor at Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance, Greenwich.

Works
His works include:

 Difference is everywhere (2017) for string quartet
 Things that happen again (again) (2016) for piano trio
 What this is, is... (2016) dancer, giant latex cube, music/sound, film, still images and light
 going on - going on (2015) solo dancer, prepared electric guitar, film projection
 shellsuit (2015) dance, music for two electric guitars (prepared), spoken text and projected film
 holywell (2015) sax, e guit, piano, vn, db, field recordings
 Aldwych (2015) seven sine tones and seven spatially dispersed speakers
 Come gather... (2015) for Tim Parkinson (solo piano)
 Repetition and difference (2014) for Tim Parkinson (solo piano)
 locus (2013) any instruments, acoustic objects, recorded sounds
 nicholas givotovsky (2012) for [rout] sax, eguit., piano, vn, db
 patina (2011) for David Arrowsmith (solo guitar)
 surface (2009) orchestra
 husk (2009) for [rout] sax, egit, piano, vn, db and Okeanos ob.cl.va.shakuhachi.sho.koto
 monotonous forest (2009) 'cello, piano, vibes
 shellac (2009) sinfonietta
 time quivers (2008) fl.cl.perc.vn.vc
 1-4 (2007) for Jane Chapman (solo harpsichord)
 situation 2 (2007) for [rout]
 Shadows and Dust (2005)
 Standing Jump (2002) for violin, guitar, harmonium and harpsichord
 Shukkeien (2001) violin and piano
 Essays in Idleness (2001) solo guitar
 butterfly dreaming (2000) for piano
 pachinko! (2000) field recording (Hiroshima) and guitar effects pedals
 slow dance (2000) looped recordings of dance movement and voice (Marina Collard)
 ashita gakko e ikimasu (2000) computer generated voice (three part canon)
 no[w]here (1999) for 3 simultaneous video tapes and optional minidisc
 being-as-it-is (1999) for 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, vibraphone 220.127.116.11.2 strings
 readymade 2 (1997)

as well as a book called Writings through John Cage (2003), published by Contemporary Voices (BMIC)

References

External links

 Trinity Laban page
 Guildhall School of Music and Drama page
 Marina Collard

Living people
20th-century classical composers
British classical composers
British male classical composers
21st-century classical composers
1966 births
Alumni of the Royal Academy of Music
20th-century British composers
21st-century British composers
20th-century British male musicians
21st-century British male musicians

Paul Newland


Cavendish may refer to:

People
 The House of Cavendish, a British noble family

 Mark Cavendish (born 1985), professional Manx cyclist
 Ada Cavendish (1839–1895), British actress
 George Cavendish (writer) (c. 1494–1562) English writer and biographer of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey
 Henry Cavendish (1731–1810), British physicist, discoverer of hydrogen
 Lord Ian Charles Cavendish (born 1973)
 Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle upon Tyne (born 1623), English aristocrat, writer, and philosopher
 Michael Cavendish (born c. 1565), English composer
 Michael Robert Cavendish (born c. 1972), legal ethics writer and theorist
 Peregrine Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire (born 1944), British Peer
 Lord Richard Cavendish (1752–1781), British MP
 Lord Richard Cavendish (1871–1946), British MP, aristocrat, author, magistrate
 Richard Cavendish (occult writer) (born 1930), British writer on topics dealing with the occult
 Sid Cavendish (1876–1954), English footballer with Southampton and Clapton Orient
 Thomas Cavendish (1564–1593), English admiral
 Henry Jones (writer) (1831–1899), pen name "Cavendish", English author on card games and tennis

Places
Australia
 Cavendish, Queensland
 Cavendish, Victoria

Bermuda
 Cavendish, Bermuda

Canada
 Cavendish, Alberta
 Cavendish, Newfoundland
 Cavendish, Ontario
 Cavendish, Prince Edward Island
 Cavendish Beach, Prince Edward Island
 Cavendish Bay, Newfoundland
 Cavendish Lake, Ontario
 Lac Cavendish, Quebec

England
 Cavendish, Suffolk
 Cavendish Square, London
 Cavendish Bridge

New Zealand
 Mount Cavendish, Christchurch

United States
 Cavendish, Idaho
 Cavendish, Missouri
 Cavendish, Vermont
 Fort Cavendish, Illinois

Other
 Cavendish (crater), a crater on the moon

Academic facilities
 Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge
 Cavendish School (disambiguation), various schools
 Cavendish Hall, one of the University of Nottingham Halls of Residence

Other uses
 Cavendish banana, the dominant commercial variety of banana
 Cavendish tobacco, a process of cutting and curing tobacco
 Cavendish Invitational, high stakes bridge tournament in Las Vegas
 Cavendish experiment weighing the Earth
 Cavendish Motor Services, a bus company part-owned by Renown Travel, operating several routes in East Sussex, England
 "Cavendish Foods", a fictional supermarket chain appearing on the British sitcom To the Manor Born

Related pages

 All pages with titles containing "Cavendish"

Cavendish


Heart of Stone is a 2009 documentary film about Weequahic High School in Newark, New Jersey, the United States, directed by Beth Toni Kruvant, with Zach Braff serving as executive producer. The film relates the struggles of Principal Ron Stone and the rest of the school's administration, plus students and alumni to return the school, working with African American and Jewish alumni, to its previous glory in the years before the 1967 Newark riots.

The film
The film documents Weequahic High School which graduated some of the top students in the country after opening in 1932 and was "known as one of the top schools in America before 1960", with graduates such as novelist Philip Roth. By 2000, the school had disintegrated into a breeding ground for gang violence. The New York Times described the film as having the potential to be an ordinary story of a hard-nosed principal facing down gang members, but the film actually tells the inspiring portrait of a bold principal who works with gang leaders and Jewish and African American alumni to give his students a hopeful future. Heart of Stone focuses on the crisis in education in Newark as an example for the entire nation, showing how an alumni group raised $400,000 with one of its co-founders being Hal Braff, the attorney father of actor Zach Braff.

The film's title comes from the school principal's last name, but also the director's belief that a heart of stone was needed to face the difficult challenge of earning the respect of the school's students, many of whom are gang members. Stone's strategy was not to confront the gang bangers but to make use of their "natural leadership abilities" and to use their skills to help improve themselves and their school and to help end the pattern of violence in the school building.

Critical responses
The film premiered at the Slamdance Film Festival where it won the Audience Award. It also won the Jury Award for Best Documentary at Cinequest Film Festival, and received the Kaiser Permanente Thrive Award for telling a story of thriving in the face of adversity. The film won the Best Feature Film at the Philadelphia Film Festival and the Best Documentary Film at the New Jersey Film Festival and Urban Suburban Film Festival. Heart of Stone had its theatrical premiere at The Roxie in San Francisco on October 30, 2009.  It aired on Showtime, The Movie Channel, VOD and PBS.

Director
Kruvant, a native of Montclair, New Jersey, also directed the documentary Unsung Treasure about American musician David Bromberg, which opened the Woodstock Film Festival 2012 and premiered on PBS, Born in Buenos Aires about the Argentine Jewish community during the political and fiscal crisis of 2001, and The Right to Be Wrong chronicles an Israeli and Palestinian friendship.

References

External links

2009 films
2009 documentary films
American documentary films
Documentary films about high school in the United States
Education in Essex County, New Jersey
Films set in New Jersey
Films shot in Newark, New Jersey
2000s English-language films
2000s American films

Heart of Stone (2009 film)


Duncan Cameron Fraser (1 October 1845 – 27 September 1910) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, judge, and the ninth Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia.

He was born in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, the son of Alexander Fraser and Ann Chisholm. He studied at Dalhousie College, went on to article in law, was admitted to the bar in 1873 and set up practice in New Glasgow. He married Bessie Grant Graham in 1878. In the same year, he ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the provincial assembly. Fraser was a member of the province's Legislative Council from 1887 to 1891, also serving as a minister without portfolio in the Executive Council. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Guysborough in the 1891 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in the 1896 and 1900 elections.

From 1904 to 1906, he was a judge of the Supreme Court of Nova Scotia. In 1906, he was appointed lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia and served until his death in 1910.

His daughter, Margaret Marjory Fraser, was a nursing sister in World War I. She, then 33 years old, served as the matron of the 14 nurses on the last voyage of the hospital ship HMHS Llandovery Castle when it was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine in 1918. All of the 14 nurses died. His son, Lieut. James Gibson Laurier Fraser, was killed in action in France on 4 March 1918, aged 22; another son, Alistair Fraser, served as Lieutenant-Governor of Nova Scotia from 1952 to 1958.

Electoral record

References

1845 births
1910 deaths
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Nova Scotia Liberal Party MLCs
Lieutenant Governors of Nova Scotia
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Nova Scotia
Judges in Nova Scotia

Duncan Cameron Fraser