The Saginaw Gears were a minor professional ice hockey franchise that played in the United Hockey League (UHL), formerly known as the Colonial Hockey League. The Gears existed for five seasons and part of one other, from 1994 to December 19, 1999.

Chatham Wheels
The club began in 1992 in the Colonial Hockey League (CoHL) in Chatham, Ontario, as the Chatham Wheels. The Wheels won the franchise's only division championship in 1994 with a 39–18–7 record, making it all the way to the championship series before losing to the Thunder Bay Senators. Despite their on-ice success, the Wheels drew just 1,672 fans per game, second-worst in the eight-team loop.

Saginaw Wheels/Lumber Kings
In 1994, the team moved to Saginaw, Michigan, and became the Saginaw Wheels. Playing around .500 hockey both seasons, Saginaw made the playoffs in both seasons but faced slumping attendance in year two, and so re-branded as the Saginaw Lumber Kings in 1996. After two poor seasons under the Lumber Kings moniker (the second in the renamed United Hockey League), however, the club was sold in 1998. New owner Khaled M. Shukairy decided to rename the club the Saginaw Gears after the former IHL team. However, attendances remained flat with small crowds (about 2,000 a game) coming to see the Gears at Wendler Arena in the Saginaw Civic Center in downtown Saginaw. Local fans were not encouraged by the Gears' poor play, as they finished with a 20–46–8 record in 1998–99.

Ohio Gears
On December 20, 1999, with the Gears again in last place at 7–17–3, the Gears abruptly left town in the middle of the night. Breaking their lease with Wendler Arena (and owing local businesses a reported $72,000), the club moved to Massillon, Ohio to finish the season as the Ohio Gears. The move had the blessing of United Hockey League commissioner Richard Brosal after the city of Massillon, Ohio, announced they were to build a new 6,500-seat arena. Playing at a small community rink in nearby North Canton, Ohio with a capacity of 400 and almost no one in attendance, the Gears completely collapsed on the ice, with a 5–40–5 record for the rest of the 1999–2000 campaign. The franchise went dormant after the season, planning on returning in the 2001–02 season when the new arena in Massillon was built. But plans to build the arena collapsed, forcing the team to remain dormant for another year. The Gears never played another game despite resurrection attempts as the Arctic Xpress, Canton Xpress, and finally the Canton Ice Patrol.

Defunct United Hockey League teams
Ice hockey clubs established in 1994
Ice hockey teams in Michigan
Professional ice hockey teams in Michigan
Sports clubs and teams disestablished in 2000
1994 establishments in Michigan
2000 disestablishments in Ohio

Saginaw Gears (UHL)


Wang Jurong (Xiao'erjing: , 1928–2006) was a Chinese-Muslim martial artist and Wushu professor in the Shanghai Institute of Physical Education.

A longtime promoter of Wushu, a teacher, an organizational officer, and a Wushu event-announcer, she was the first woman who was a certified judge of national ranking for both Wushu and Archery. Wang was also the founder of the Flying Rainbow Fan art.

Family life
Wang Jurong was the daughter of Wang Ziping, a renowned figure in Chinese Martial Arts and Traditional Medicine. In 1955 Wang married Wu Chengde, who was a student of her father, a doctor and a professor of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She had three daughters Helen Wu (Xiaorong), Grace Wu (Xiaogo) and Wu Xiaoping.

Education
Wang began her Wushu training at age five studying with her father. She learned Tan Tui, Chaquan, Huaquan, Bajiquan, Pao Chuan and Tai chi. As a child Wang would train six hours a day, including training Pai Dai (body striking) with her mostly male classmates. Though it was a peculiar request,  her father also allowed her to learn the Kwan Do (heavy broadsword) as her first weapon.  In 1952 Wang graduated from Aurora University in Shanghai.

Professorship and research
Wang Jurong became a founding professor of the East China Physical Education College (Shanghai Physical Education College). Teaching there for 36 years and conducting research in the field of Chinese martial arts, including Shaolin, Wudangquan, Tai chi, Tongbeiquan and Nanquan. She was interested in not only their techniques but also their theory.

The first graduate program was also developed  at the college by her and she was the first professor to have two students earn a 'Masters of Martial Arts' degree in Tai chi.

Accomplishments
Wang is a wushu champion athlete and coach, her professional accomplishments include:

 Women's Championship at the 7th National Athletic Games (1946)
 Gold Medal for Chaquan routine
 Women's Championship at the National Wushu Competition (1953)
 Gold Medal for Green Dragon Sword Technique
 First female coach of New China Wushu Team with Wang Zi-ping (1960)
 Director of the Chinese Martial Arts Association and Archery Association
 Vice-Chairman of the Shanghai Wushu Association, head of the Judging Committee
 Vice-Chairman of theShanghai Archery Association
 President of the Chinese Martial Arts Research Institute
 Advisor to the Wu Dang Research Association
 Advisor Shanghai Qi Gong Research Association
 Advisor United States Kungfu Federation
 Advisor US Kuoshu Federation
 Honorary Advisor Chinese Wushu History Association
 Women of the Year Inside Kung-fu Magazine (1995)
 Lifetime Achievement Award from the United States Wushu Kungfu Federation (1997)

Flying Rainbow Fan
The Flying Rainbow Fan form was developed by Wang Jurong. The seven series of this form combine the styles of Tai chi, Bagua and Kung fu.

Wang Jurong describes the Flying Rainbow Fan in her own words:
I included the following elements: unification of stillness and motion, the mutual coordination of yi and qi, the harmony of the six internal and external components, strength building movements, practical applications, and artistic expression. These elements allow men, women and children of all ages to be able to grasp, and attain a strong healthy body. Through the combined internal and external training, one can achieve the goal of eliminating illness and extending years.

Flying Rainbow Fan is a current form in Wushu practice and in competition. It is taught by Wang Jurong's daughters Grace Wu and Helen Wu.

References

1928 births
2006 deaths
Chinese wushu practitioners
Chinese Muslims
Hui people

Wang Jurong


In computing, data transformation is the process of converting data from one format or structure into another format or structure. It is a fundamental aspect of most data integration and data management tasks such as data wrangling, data warehousing, data integration and application integration.

Data transformation can be simple or complex based on the required changes to the data between the source (initial) data and the target (final) data. Data transformation is typically performed via a mixture of manual and automated steps. Tools and technologies used for data transformation can vary widely based on the format, structure, complexity, and volume of the data being transformed.

A master data recast is another form of data transformation where the entire database of data values is transformed or recast without extracting the data from the database.  All data in a well designed database is directly or indirectly related to a limited set of master database tables by a network of foreign key constraints.  Each foreign key constraint is dependent upon a unique database index from the parent database table.  Therefore, when the proper master database table is recast with a different unique index, the directly and indirectly related data are also recast or restated.  The directly and indirectly related data may also still be viewed in the original form since the original unique index still exists with the master data.  Also, the database recast must be done in such a way as to not impact the applications architecture software.

When the data mapping is indirect via a mediating data model, the process is also called data mediation.

Data transformation process
Data transformation can be divided into the following steps, each applicable as needed based on the complexity of the transformation required.

 Data discovery
 Data mapping
 Code generation
 Code execution
 Data review

These steps are often the focus of developers or technical data analysts who may use multiple specialized tools to perform their tasks.

The steps can be described as follows:

Data discovery is the first step in the data transformation process. Typically the data is profiled using profiling tools or sometimes using manually written profiling scripts to better understand the structure and characteristics of the data and decide how it needs to be transformed.

Data mapping is the process of defining how individual fields are mapped, modified, joined, filtered, aggregated etc. to produce the final desired output. Developers or technical data analysts traditionally perform data mapping since they work in the specific technologies to define the transformation rules (e.g. visual ETL tools, transformation languages).

Code generation is the process of generating executable code (e.g. SQL, Python, R, or other executable instructions) that will transform the data based on the desired and defined data mapping rules. Typically, the data transformation technologies generate this code based on the definitions or metadata defined by the developers.

Code execution is the step whereby the generated code is executed against the data to create the desired output. The executed code may be tightly integrated into the transformation tool, or it may require separate steps by the developer to manually execute the generated code.

Data review is the final step in the process, which focuses on ensuring the output data meets the transformation requirements. It is typically the business user or final end-user of the data that performs this step. Any anomalies or errors in the data that are found and communicated back to the developer or data analyst as new requirements to be implemented in the transformation process.

Types of data transformation

Batch data transformation
Traditionally, data transformation has been a bulk or batch process, whereby developers write code or implement transformation rules in a data integration tool, and then execute that code or those rules on large volumes of data. This process can follow the linear set of steps as described in the data transformation process above.

Batch data transformation is the cornerstone of virtually all data integration technologies such as data warehousing, data migration and application integration.

When data must be transformed and delivered with low latency, the term "microbatch" is often used.  This refers to small batches of data (e.g. a small number of rows or small set of data objects) that can be processed very quickly and delivered to the target system when needed.

Benefits of batch data transformation
Traditional data transformation processes have served companies well for decades. The various tools and technologies (data profiling, data visualization, data cleansing, data integration etc.) have matured and most (if not all) enterprises transform enormous volumes of data that feed internal and external applications, data warehouses and other data stores.

Limitations of traditional data transformation
This traditional process also has limitations that hamper its overall efficiency and effectiveness.

The people who need to use the data (e.g. business users) do not play a direct role in the data transformation process. Typically, users hand over the data transformation task to developers who have the necessary coding or technical skills to define the transformations and execute them on the data.

This process leaves the bulk of the work of defining the required transformations to the developer, which often in turn do not have the same domain knowledge as the business user. The developer interprets the business user requirements and implements the related code/logic. This has the potential of introducing errors into the process (through misinterpreted requirements), and also increases the time to arrive at a solution.

This problem has given rise to the need for agility and self-service in data integration (i.e. empowering the user of the data and enabling them to transform the data themselves interactively).

There are companies that provide self-service data transformation tools. They are aiming to efficiently analyze, map and transform large volumes of data without the technical knowledge and process complexity that currently exists. While these companies use traditional batch transformation, their tools enable more interactivity for users through visual platforms and easily repeated scripts.

Still, there might be some compatibility issues (e.g. new data sources like IoT may not work correctly with older tools) and compliance limitations due to the difference in data governance, preparation and audit practices.

Interactive data transformation
Interactive data transformation (IDT) is an emerging capability that allows business analysts and business users the ability to directly interact with large datasets through a visual interface, understand the characteristics of the data (via automated data profiling or visualization), and change or correct the data through simple interactions such as clicking or selecting certain elements of the data.

Although interactive data transformation follows the same data integration process steps as batch data integration, the key difference is that the steps are not necessarily followed in a linear fashion and typically don't require significant technical skills for completion.

There are a number of companies that provide interactive data transformation tools, including Trifacta, Alteryx and Paxata. They are aiming to efficiently analyze, map and transform large volumes of data while at the same time abstracting away some of the technical complexity and processes which take place under the hood.

Interactive data transformation solutions provide an integrated visual interface that combines the previously disparate steps of data analysis, data mapping and code generation/execution and data inspection. That is, if changes are made at one step (like for example renaming), the software automatically updates the preceding or following steps accordingly. Interfaces for interactive data transformation incorporate visualizations to show the user patterns and anomalies in the data so they can identify erroneous or outlying values.

Once they've finished transforming the data, the system can generate executable code/logic, which can be executed or applied to subsequent similar data sets.

By removing the developer from the process, interactive data transformation systems shorten the time needed to prepare and transform the data, eliminate costly errors in interpretation of user requirements and empower business users and analysts to control their data and interact with it as needed.

Transformational languages
There are numerous languages available for performing data transformation. Many transformation languages require a grammar to be provided. In many cases, the grammar is structured using something closely resembling Backus–Naur form (BNF). There are numerous languages available for such purposes varying in their accessibility (cost) and general usefulness. Examples of such languages include:
 AWK - one of the oldest and popular textual data transformation language;
 Perl - a high-level language with both procedural and object-oriented syntax capable of powerful operations on binary or text data.
 Template languages - specialized to transform data into documents (see also template processor);
 TXL - prototyping language-based descriptions, used for source code or data transformation.
 XSLT - the standard XML data transformation language (suitable by XQuery in many applications);
Additionally, companies such as Trifacta and Paxata have developed domain-specific transformational languages (DSL) for servicing and transforming datasets. The development of domain-specific languages has been linked to increased productivity and accessibility for non-technical users. Trifacta's "Wrangle" is an example of such a domain specific language.

Another advantage of the recent domain-specific transformational languages trend is that a domain-specific transformational language can abstract the underlying execution of the logic defined in the domain-specific transformational language. They can also utilize that same logic in various processing engines, such as Spark, MapReduce, and Dataflow. In other words, with a domain-specific transformational language, the transformation language is not tied to the underlying engine.

Although transformational languages are typically best suited for transformation, something as simple as regular expressions can be used to achieve useful transformation. A text editor like vim, emacs or TextPad supports the use of regular expressions with arguments. This would allow all instances of a particular pattern to be replaced with another pattern using parts of the original pattern. For example:
foo ("some string", 42, gCommon);
bar (someObj, anotherObj);

foo ("another string", 24, gCommon);
bar (myObj, myOtherObj);
could both be transformed into a more compact form like:
 foobar("some string", 42, someObj, anotherObj);
 foobar("another string", 24, myObj, myOtherObj);

In other words, all instances of a function invocation of foo with three arguments, followed by a function invocation with two arguments would be replaced with a single function invocation using some or all of the original set of arguments.

Another advantage to using regular expressions is that they will not fail the null transform test. That is, using your transformational language of choice, run a sample program through a transformation that doesn't perform any transformations. Many transformational languages will fail this test.

See also
 Data cleansing
 Data mapping
 Data integration
 Data preparation
 Data wrangling
 Extract, transform, load
 Information integration

References

External links
 File Formats, Transformation, and Migration, a related Wikiversity article

Metadata
Articles with example C++ code
Data management
Data warehousing

Data transformation (computing)


Rawley Silver is an American art therapist, artist, author and educator. She has worked with different populations with her strong belief in using art as a form of language. She has created tests to screen for cognitive and emotional disturbances in children with hearing impairments, stroke patients and individuals with learning disabilities and those with emotional issues such as aggression and depression. Through her work in the field, Silver has contributed over eighty published works, including journal articles, books and other publications, and she has presented at over seventy conferences and universities. A collection of her journal articles is archived with the American Art Therapy Association, The National Museum of Women in the Arts and with the Smithsonian Institution. Two traveling exhibits, held by the Smithsonian Institution, circulated her work with artwork from both children and adults with hearing impairments - "Shout In Silence" - and adult stroke patients - "Art As Language". Silver has been an honorary member of the American Art Therapy Association (AATA) since 1983, and has earned awards for her research in the field in 1976, 1989, 1992 and 1996. Silver is an honorary lifetime member of AATA and has been further honored by AATA creating an award in her name, the Rawley Silver Award for Excellence. This award is given to one student every year that has been accepted into an art therapy program and has at least a 3.5 grade point average.
Silver finds passion and appreciation with the use of art in art therapy within her assessments and in her own artwork. She urges that a passion for art does not have to lose its importance while pursuing a career path as an art therapist. Her artwork creations consist of portraits including poetic verses as well as nature related paintings. Some of these were exhibited at the George Washington University Art Therapy Gallery during summer 2014.

Life and work
Silver graduated from Cornell University in 1939 with a bachelor's degree in philosophy and studio art. She went on to study at the School of Social Work at Smith College from 1940 to 1941. Silver worked as a medical social worker and volunteered to work in a school that had no art teacher. In 1962, she attended the Teachers College of Columbia University, where she received her Doctorate of Education and Masters' of Arts degree in fine arts and fine arts education in 1966.

During this time, Silver began working with individuals with disabilities, especially children with auditory disorders. Silver discovered at this time that communication is a problem not only for those persons who have language disorders, but also for those who work with them. Temporarily deaf herself during a period in her life, she was able to personally understand that difficulty in the communication. Due to this barrier, she began utilizing stimulating drawings in her work with patients. Due to this barrier, she began utilizing stimulating drawings in her work with patients. In her book, Art as Language, Silver stated one could use drawings to bypass language problems and assess cognitive skills. She went on to conduct research projects on this subject, supported by the U.S. Office of Education and the National Institute of Education, among others.

Silver Drawing Assessments
During her work in the field, Silver created two assessments: the Silver Drawing Test and Draw a Story.  Her assessments use stimulus drawings to bypass language disorders in assessing cognitive skills, and to provide access to emotions and attitudes. The Silver Drawing Test, which measures perceptions essential to mathematics and reading, has three subtests: drawing from imagination, drawing from observation and predictive drawing. The Drawing from Imagination test in the Silver Drawing Test is similar to Silvers' assessment, Draw a Story.

The Silver Drawing Test and Draw a Story assessments provide quantitative findings of reliability, validity, normative data and outcome studies that assess changes in cognitive skills or emotional states following remedial programs. In addition, they provide case studies and drawing responses by children, adolescents and adults in clinical and non-clinical populations. The assessments use stimulus drawings to elicit responses. Responses are scored on 5-point rating scales that range from low to high levels of Ability to Select, Combine, and Represent, and from strongly negative to strongly positive Emotional Content, Self-Image, and when appropriate, Use of Humor. The findings, by mental health professionals and educators not only in the USA but also in Europe, Asia and South America, include age, gender and cultural difference and similarities. The three subtests of the Silver Drawing Test assess the three concepts said to be fundamental in reading and mathematics: Drawing from Imagination assesses concepts of class inclusion; Predictive Drawing, concepts of sequential order; and Drawing from Observation, concepts of space. The Draw A Story assessment is used to screen for masked depression that may lead to suicide, and reactive or predatory aggression that may lead to violence in schools.

Predictive Drawing assesses clients' grasp of the concepts of sequential order, horizontality and verticality. In this test, there are three separate tests. One, which measures sequential order, shows an ice cream float in a clear glass and six empty glasses. The client is directed to draw lines in the empty glasses to show how the glasses would appear if the float were drunk with a straw. The next one, which measures horizontality, shows two empty bottles. One is upright, and the other tilted to the side. The client draws lines in the bottles to show where water would be with the bottles filled up halfway. The last test, which measures verticality, presents the clients with a drawing of a house sitting on top of a mountain. Clients draw the way the house would look if it moved to the spot marked with an "X" on the slope. Once these are finished, the assessment is complete.

The Draw a Story test, used most often on children and adolescents, is used to screen for depression by looking at negative and positive themes to responses. The client chooses two pictures from two forms that contain stimulus drawings, and imagine a story between them.  They are then directed to draw a story between them.

Books by Rawley Silver
The Silver Drawing Test and Draw A Story: Assessing Depression, Aggression, and Cognitive Skills
Aggression and Depression Assessed Through Art
Art as Language, Access to Thoughts and Feelings Through Stimulus Drawings
Three Art Assessments
Developing Cognitive and Creative Skills Through Art

References

External links

Rawley A. Silver Papers at the Smithsonian Institution Archives

Art therapists
American psychotherapists
Cornell University alumni
Smith College alumni

Rawley Silver


The India Government Mint operated four mints in the country for the production of coins:
 Mumbai, Maharashtra
 Kolkata, West Bengal
 Hyderabad, Telangana
 Noida, Uttar Pradesh

The functions of the mint were replaced by the Security Printing and Minting Corporation of India in 2006.

History
Under The Coinage Act, 1906, the Government of India is charged with the production and supply of coins to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). The RBI places an annual indent for this purpose and the Government of India draws up the production programme for the India Government Mints on the basis of the indent.

Besides minting coins, the mints at Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad also make coin blanks. Hyderabad, Mumbai and Kolkata mints have gold assaying facilities and the Mumbai mint produces standardized weights and measures. Mumbai Mint has a state-of-the-art gold refining facility up to 999.9. Hyderabad Mint has electrolytic silver refining facility up to 999.9.

Commemorative coins are made at Mumbai and Kolkata. Kolkata and Hyderabad have facilities for making medallions, too. The Noida mint was the first in the country to mint coins of stainless steel.

Marks on mint
Each currency coin minted in India (and anywhere in the world) has a special mint mark on it to identify the mint.

Bombay (Mumbai) Mint

Bombay (Mumbai) Mint has a diamond under the date of the coin (year of issue). The proof coins from this mint have a mint mark 'B or 'M'.

Calcutta (Kolkata) Mint

Calcutta mint has no mark under the date of the coin (year of issue). Or it has a 'C' mark. It was unique because it had not chosen any mark because this mint is the first mint in India.

Made by grand architect Mulk Raj Malhotra.

Hyderabad Mint

Hyderabad Mint has a star under the date of the coin (year of  issue). The other mint marks from Hyderabad include a split diamond and a dot in the diamond.

Noida Mint

Noida mint has a dot under the year of issue (coin date).

The most important thing about this Noida Mint factory is that it was first started by the Indian finance ministry.

Noida mint factory was established on 1 July 1988.

See also
 Indian rupee
 Indian coinage
 India Government Mint, Kolkata

References

Mints of India

India Government Mint


"Loverman" is the second single from the album Let Love In by Australian rock band Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds. The song was also performed by American heavy metal band Metallica on their 1998 cover album Garage Inc. and Depeche Mode's Martin Gore on his 2003 solo album Counterfeit².

Details
Cave said, "'Loverman' was a song we almost didn't do because it seemed like a very weak idea at the time of recording. It was supposed to be just a throwaway song about desire. I was squirming about how banal it was. I changed the whole atmosphere, so the guy who's the telling the story is weak and dysfunctional. I put in the bits where I spell out loverman. It was a great surprise to everyone."

Track listing

CD / 12"
 "Loverman" – 4:55
 "B Side" – 19:20
The back cover states: "'B Side' is a selection of largely improvised, ad-libbed pieces of music recorded direct to DAT by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds over the last couple of years."

7"
 "Loverman" – 4:55
 "(I'll Love You) Till the End of the World" – 4:40

The B-side to the 7" single is taken from the soundtrack to the Wim Wenders film Until the End of the World. The German film director Uli M Schueppel made a documentary film, The Song (1990), about the recording of "(I'll Love You) Till the End of the World".

References

Nick Cave songs
1994 singles
1994 songs
Songs written by Nick Cave
Mute Records singles

Loverman


Cash Money Records is an American record label. It was founded by brothers Bryan "Birdman" Williams and  Ronald "Slim" Williams. They currently act as CEOs. Today, it operates as a subsidiary of Universal Music Group. It is also distributed by Republic Records, formerly Universal Republic. The label currently includes artists like Lil Wayne, Drake, Tyga, Nicki Minaj, Ace Hood, DJ Khaled, Kevin Rudolf and Limp Bizkit, and more.

History
Cash Money Records was created in 1991.

From 1991 to 1994, Cash Money played host to local releases by artists. It sold just one album with never releasing a music video or having a Billboard hit. Some of the label's releases garnered some regional fame in New Orleans, Louisiana, but the label was little known to the national rap spotlight. Artists on the label in this period included the band U.N.L.V. (Uptown Niggas Living Violently), Kilo G, Lil Slim, and PxMxWx. In 1995, the label signed young rappers B.G., Young Buck and Lil Wayne. The signees marked what would be the second wave of Cash Money artists. In 1997, B.G. and Lil Wayne formed the band Hot Boys together with Juvenile (who had already been regionally popular before Cash Money). Although initially they did not make lots of impact outside of the region, they started to be the label's best known artists.

Cash Money's big break came in 1998. That was when the Hot Boys, B.G. and Juvenile in particular, caught the attention of Universal Records executives. In 1998, Cash Money signed a $30 million pressing and distribution with $3 million advance contract with Universal, entitling the label to 85% of its royalties, 50% of its publishing revenues and ownership of all masters. Dino Delvaille, who orchestrated the deal, later told HitQuarters: "I made certain they retained 100% ownership of their work. They deserve it."

References

American record labels
1991 establishments in the United States

Cash Money Records


Verulam Park is a residential community in the city of Kawartha Lakes, Ontario located at the end of Concession IV on the north shore of Sturgeon Lake.  It was given for the enjoyment of the people of the Verulam Township by Colonel McAlpine, who lived in a large mansion nearby.  The site also has a boat launch and wharf provided by the Canada Department of Fisheries.

Communities in Kawartha Lakes

Verulam Park, Ontario


NBC News at Sunrise is an American early morning television news program that aired on NBC from August 1, 1983 to September 6, 1999. The program featured the top news headlines of the morning, sports and weather reports, and business segments. Many of the program's anchors also appeared on NBC's morning news program Today.

History
NBC News at Sunrise debuted on August 1, 1983, with Connie Chung as its main anchor, Bill Macatee serving as sports anchor and Joe Witte serving as weather anchor. The program replaced Early Today as NBC's early morning news program, that program debuted in July 1982 and was hosted by Today anchors Bryant Gumbel, Jane Pauley and Willard Scott. Viewership for Early Today had been lagging behind those of the two competing early-morning newscasts on ABC and CBS, and at the same time, the flagship Today program had lost viewers. Chung was hired to replace Gumbel and Pauley, who remained on Today. When Sunrise debuted in 1983, the program ran in most markets at 6:30 a.m., because few television stations at the time carried early morning local newscasts.

In the late 1980s, NBC News at Sunrise consisted of six segments during the half-hour broadcast, leading off with a segment of national and international news headlines. The second segment was a summary of the previous day's sports scores and headlines, anchored by a personality from NBC Sports; Bill Macatee, Don Gould, Jimmy Cefalo and Don Criqui were among those who filled this duty. The third segment featured a national weather forecast provided by Witte. A five-minute local news cutaway aired as the fourth segment. Some NBC affiliates filled the slot with a local newscast; Sunrise filled the time with "Another Look," a rerun of a story that ran on the previous edition of NBC Nightly News. In the fifth segment, the anchor gave a recap of the top news headlines and interviewed a business analyst; Alan Abelson of Barron's magazine was a frequent guest.

Before the last commercial break, graphics highlighted the previous day's ten most active stocks on the New York Stock Exchange. In the final segment, Joe Witte offered a second weather forecast. In the summer months, a regular feature was "Sun and Swim," a look at air and water temperatures in U.S. beach communities. In the fall, Witte often did a "Foliage" report. In late fall and winter, Witte provided a "Ski Report," providing information on skiing conditions at various U.S. resorts. Also in the final segment, the Sunrise anchor introduced a Today anchor, usually Bryant Gumbel, who provided a preview of the upcoming Today program. In the 1980s, Sunrise used a different cut of the John Williams-composed NBC News theme "The Mission" than that used on NBC Nightly News.

Later years
Connie Chung left Sunrise to co-host the NBC News prime time magazine 1986 with Roger Mudd. Bob Jamieson served as interim anchor until January 1987, when he left to host Before Hours, a 15-minute early morning business program produced by NBC News and The Wall Street Journal. Transferring from NBC's Chicago owned-and-operated station WMAQ-TV, Deborah Norville was Sunrise anchor from January 1987 to September 1989, when she departed for Today and John Palmer took over as anchor. Faith Daniels replaced Palmer by 1990.

As stations that added local morning newscasts during the run of the program gradually expanded them to earlier timeslots (often to 5:00 or 5:30 a.m. from their previous 6:00 and 6:30 a.m. timeslots) in the late 1990s, the live broadcast of Sunrise was moved to 5:00 a.m. Eastern Time and was rebroadcast on a tape-delayed loop until 8:00 a.m. Eastern Time, when an updated edition of the program was broadcast for viewers in the Pacific Time Zone.

Cancellation
On April 14, 1999, NBC announced radical changes to its morning and daytime schedule; NBC News at Sunrise, along with the long-running soap opera Another World, were canceled, while talk show Leeza (which was renewed for the 1999-2000 season) was withdrawn from the network's schedule to make room for Later Today. Sunrise was replaced by a new early morning news program produced by CNBC called Early Today (ironically sharing the same name as the program Sunrise replaced 16 years earlier) – which was initially broadcast a half-hour earlier than Sunrise at the time of its cancellation, at 4:30 a.m. Eastern Time – and focused mainly on business reports than general news headlines (production of Early Today was taken over by MSNBC in 2004, which also resulted in a switch to a general news format). Sunrise aired its final broadcast on September 6, 1999, which was anchored by former MSNBC and Weekend Today correspondent Gulstan Dart (now with Sacramento NBC affiliate KCRA-TV).

Anchors
 Connie Chung (1983–1986)
 Bob Jamieson (1986–1987)
 Deborah Norville (1987–1989)
 John Palmer (1989-1990)
 Faith Daniels (1990–1991)
 Margaret Larson (1991)
 Ann Curry (1991–1996)
 Felicia Taylor (1996)
 Linda Vester (1996–1998)
 Brigitte Quinn (1998–1999)

References

External links

NBC original programming
1983 American television series debuts
1999 American television series endings
NBC News
1980s American television news shows
1990s American television news shows

NBC News at Sunrise


Pell Lake is a neighborhood and former census-designated place (CDP) in Walworth County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,722 at the 2010 census. On December 20, 2011, Pell Lake became part of the newly incorporated village of Bloomfield.

Geography
Pell Lake is located at  (42.537859, -88.354308).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.1 square miles (10.6 km2), of which, 3.9 square miles (10.2 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.4 km2) of it (3.92%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,988 people, 1,135 households, and 769 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 762.0 people per square mile (294.3/km2). There were 1,393 housing units at an average density of 355.3/sq mi (137.2/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.79% White, 0.47% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.37% from other races, and 0.90% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.14% of the population.

There were 1,135 households, out of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.6% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.16.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.4 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,442, and the median income for a family was $41,711. Males had a median income of $37,917 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,380. About 8.9% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over.

References

Populated places in Walworth County, Wisconsin
Former census-designated places in Wisconsin
Neighborhoods in Wisconsin

Pell Lake, Wisconsin


Bismark Boachie popularly known as DJ Premier (born May 18, 1986) is a Ghanaian disc jockey and radio personality who works at Accra fm, an Accra base radio station and also a board member of the Ghana DJ Awards.

Early years
A native of Ashanti Region, Bismark started his career as a mobile DJ where he played at parties and funerals events. In the early 2000s he was introduced into radio by Nathaniel osei kuffour aka Mahony formerly of focus FM and Kfm who now with Kapital radio felt he was wasting his talent playing as a mobile DJ and convince him to go into radio. In 2004, he landed his first job as a midnight DJ at focus fm. later he became an after-drive presenter and also a mid-morning presenter at Focus FM before leaving them in 2007 to join Fox FM where he was the host of Fox FM mid-morning Show and also the producer of Fox FM drive time. It did not take long for the talented DJ to be noticed by Metro FM another top radio station in kumasi the capital of the Ashanti region and he was given the right to host the Metro FM weekend smash show and lunch time.
In October 2015, DJ Premier granted an interview with www.nydjlive.com where he confirmed that he was leaving Metro to join Accra base radio station Accra FM. he is also a board member of the Ghana DJ Awards. In 2018, he was made the head of entertainment at Accra Fm and its sister station Class FM.

Interviews
Through his career as a radio host, Bismark have been fortunate to interview some of the big names in the music industries from around Africa on his show entertainment capital on Accra FM. Personalities such as UT Bank CEO Prince Kofi Amoabeng, Actress Maame Serwaa, Famous Ga rapper Gasmilla, Music producer and sound engineer Appiah Dankwa, aka Appietus, KiDi and many more. In an interview with razzonline.com in January 2017, he stated that he will only retire from radio after interviewing media personalities Kwame Sefa Kayi and Kofi Kum Bilson

References

External links

https://www.accrafm.com/1.11669645
https://www.zionfelix.net/dj-premiere-accra-fm-complains-bitterly-celebrities-keep-granting-interviews-media-houses/

Ghanaian radio personalities
1986 births
People from Kumasi
Living people

DJ Premier (radio DJ)


Jonathan Morgan Heit (born July 16, 2000) is an American former teen actor and currently a gallerist. He is known for his role in the Adam Sandler film, Bedtime Stories, where he played Patrick. He also directed and wrote a short film entitled It Happens, about a man who has a terrible day.

Heit is the son of Melissa Segal and Jay Heit. His professional acting debut was in 2006, when he appeared in the television series Close to Home and General Hospital. In 2007, he appeared in 2 more television shows, ER and the talk show The Showbiz Show with David Spade. Heit was one of the 2 child leads in the 2008 film Bedtime Stories. He also did voice over for Holly and Hal Moose: Our Uplifting Christmas Adventure and Santa Buddies. Recently, Heit has appeared in Valentine's Day and Date Night. He also had a leading role in the TV series, Granite Flats.  Heit was the voice of Cubby in the Disney Junior series Jake and the Never Land Pirates for season 1-early season 3 before he was replaced by Jadon Sand. He quit acting in 2016 to work as a gallerist for his Heit Gallery.

Filmography

References

External links

2000 births
American male child actors
American male film actors
American male television actors
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American male actors

Jonathan Morgan Heit


Light-induced voltage alteration (LIVA) is a semiconductor analysis technique that uses a laser or infrared light source to induce voltage changes in a device while scanning the beam of light across its surface. The technique relies upon the generation of electron-hole pairs in the semiconductor material when exposed to photons.

Theory of operation
The device to be analyzed is biased using a constant current power supply. As the light source is scanned across the surface of the silicon, electron-hole pairs are generated. This causes subtle alterations of the operating characteristics of the device, which may result in slight changes to the power supply voltage. Any changes that are detected in the power supply voltage are noted and correlated with the position of the light source on the device. This allows the physical locations corresponding to power supply fluctuations to be mapped onto an image of the device. This provides the device analyst with specific locations at which the device may be examined for defects.

Notes

References
.

Semiconductor analysis

Light-induced voltage alteration


Carvers Creek State Park is a North Carolina state park in Cumberland County, North Carolina in the United States. Located north of Fayetteville, it covers  in the Sandhills region of the state. The park covers lands around Carvers Creek, a tributary of the Cape Fear River, and it borders Fort Bragg. The park is currently divided into two areas, Long Valley Farm and the Sandhills Property. The park is still being planned, and the state is planning to acquire more land for the park.

On September 9, 2013, interim park facilities were opened to the public at the Long Valley Farm Access.  The initial park facilities include a ranger contact station, a picnic area, lake fishing access, and two hiking trails.

Trails
The  James S. Rockefeller Loop Trail is park's main trail; it provides access to the Rockefeller House from the park's office and picnic area, before looping back around and ending near the entrance to the parking lot.

The  Cypress Point Loop Trail begins near the Rockefeller house, and it loops around the southern shore of the millpond.

The Rockefeller House and Mill Pond
The Rockefeller House is situated on the edge of a 100-acre mill pond. The house is the former winter estate of James Stillman Rockefeller, great-nephew to John D. Rockefeller of Standard Oil. The house is 6,000 sq. feet, with two stories of living space, an attic, and a basement. Most of the house has its original wood flooring, and much of the house has wood to ceiling plank walls. The exception to this is the kitchen and servants area, which were remodeled in the 70's. The house, along with other structures not yet accessible by the public, were added to the National Register of Historic Places in the early 1990s. The house interior is normally closed to the public, with one or two guided tours being offered a month.

The mill pond outside the house dates back to the 1800s when the property was used for lumber cutting and processing. Its held back by an old earth works dam on its south-east edge. Three water gates are located beneath the pavilion, which was formerly the logging deck for the pond. at the other end of the dam is another, more modern gate used to power a gristmill. At the for end of the cypress loop trail is an observation deck that allows fishing. Canoeing is also available on the pond, though swimming is not allowed.

Restoration of the Mill Pond
September 29, 2016, surprise flood waters rushing down the creek burst the dam, emptying the millpond of most its water and returning it to a creek. This damage was compounded weeks later by the flood waters of hurricane Mathew. Due to the loss of the pond, fishing and canoeing were no longer available at Carvers Creek. Access to the observation deck, the pavilion, the gristmill, and the dam were restricted as well for safety reasons. The state had plans to replace the dam; initial projections put the completion time at between two and five years from commencement. As of September 18, 2020, the lower gate of the restored dam was closed to allow the millpond to refill. The pond is being stocked with native fish to help restore populations. Fishing, with valid NC state fishing license, and guided canoe trips are once again available. The observation deck unfortunately burned down in a wildfire in March 2019, but possible plans to restore it are in the works. Access to the pavilion, the gristmill, and the dam remain restricted due to safety reasons.

See also
Long Valley Farm

References

External links

 Session Law 2005-26 established Carvers Creek State Park.

State parks of North Carolina
Protected areas of Cumberland County, North Carolina
Protected areas established in 2005
2005 establishments in North Carolina
Open-air museums in North Carolina

Carvers Creek State Park


The Maricopa Trail is a  trail located within Maricopa County connecting the major regional and municipal parks in and around the Phoenix metropolitan area. A loop trail encircling much of the urbanized area, the trail also consists of four spurs that will connect the loop with outlying mountain parks in the region.

Conceptualized in 1997 by the Maricopa County Parks and Recreation Department, the Maricopa Trail was envisioned as a pedestrian beltway that would connect nine of the department's ten regional parks, linking them with the city of Phoenix's South Mountain Park and encouraging their use by the area's residents. Planning on the trail began in earnest in 2000 with the formation of a trails planning commission with the aim of developing a regional trail system. As the centerpiece of the planned regional system, the Maricopa Trail was designed to incorporate as many of the region's parks and recreation areas, as well as providing connections with other regional trails such as the Arizona Trail. The name "Maricopa Trail" was selected in 2003, and the entire plan was approved by the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors on August 16, 2004.

The trail incorporates existing portions of the Sun Circle Trail, the National Trail in South Mountain Park, portions of the trails within White Tank Mountain Regional Park and Cave Creek Regional Park, and pathways already developed along the McMicken corridor in Surprise. Construction on new segments of the trail began in 2006 and has brought the total length of the existing corridors to approximately  as of November 2009. Work on the trail has cost the county $1.74 million through 2009 with an additional $3.28 million budgeted over a five-year period, primarily for land acquisition. Large portions of the trail will be unpaved. Department planners hope to have the trail completed by 2014. Phase 1 of the trail was completed in October 2018.

Significant portions of the trail take advantage of existing canal embankments, following the Western Canal in Tempe and Gilbert and the McMicken flood control channel in the northwest. Future segments will also follow the Central Arizona Project canal near Mesa. Natural waterways will also be a prominent part of the route, with segments paralleling the Agua Fria, the Gila and the Salt Rivers, with multiple segments following and crossing other intermittent streams in the area. The trail will also pass through or connect to local mountain areas including the White Tank Mountains, South Mountains, Sierra Estrella and the McDowell Mountains. Portions of the trail also pass through the Tonto National Forest.

Parks
The Maricopa Trail connects nine county parks as well as one municipal park:
 Buckeye Hills Regional Park (spur route)
 Cave Creek Regional Park
 Estrella Mountain Regional Park
 Lake Pleasant Regional Park
 McDowell Mountain Regional Park
 San Tan Mountains Regional Park (spur route)
 South Mountain Park
 Spur Cross Ranch Conservation Area
 Usery Mountain Regional Park (spur route)
 White Tank Mountain Regional Park (spur route)

References

External links
 Map by HikeArizona.COM
 Maricopa County Regional Trail System Plan (20 MB) Maps and detailed route description

Hiking trails in Arizona
Transportation in Maricopa County, Arizona
Tourist attractions in Maricopa County, Arizona

Maricopa Trail


Crescens was an individual who appears in the New Testament.  He is traditionally considered one of the 72 disciples sent out by Jesus in Luke 10. He was a missionary in Galatia and became a companion of Paul. The name 'Crescens' is the present-active participle of the Latin word crescere, and means 'increasing'.

Biblical narrative
Crescens, a companion of Paul during his second Roman captivity, appears once in the New Testament, where he is mentioned as having left the Apostle to go into Galatia: "Make haste to come to me quickly", Paul writes to Timothy, "for Demas hath left me, loving this world, and is gone to Thessalonica, Crescens into Galatia, Titus into Dalmatia" (). All commentators agree in ranking Crescens with Titus rather than with Demas, and in seeing here, therefore, a reference to a missionary journey into Galatia. This term, in New Testament times, might mean either Gaul or the Roman province of Galatia in Asia Minor, where Paul had labored so much; and its use here has been interpreted in both senses. In the other passages where it occurs in the New Testament, however, it denotes Galatia, and most probably it would be so understood here by Timothy, especially as the other regions mentioned are likewise to the east of Rome. Moreover, Paul might easily have a reason for sending a disciple to visit his old Churches in Galatia, while Fenlon notes that there is no proof that he had an active interest in Gaul.

Early church tradition
Accordingly, the earliest tradition (Apostolic Constitutions, VII, 46) represents Crescens as a bishop of the Churches in Galatia.

Later traditions, on the other hand, locate him as Bishop of Vienne in Gaul, also at Mainz on the Rhine. But the earliest known traditions of Gaul itself record nothing of this disciple of the Apostle as a founder of their Churches, and the belief is thought to have arisen later from the desire of an Apostolic origin. The claims of Vienne have been most strongly urged; but they are based upon the mistaken identification of its first bishop, Crescens, who lived in the third century, with the disciple of Paul. As little can be said for Mainz. The reading of certain manuscripts (Sinaiticus, Ephræmi), which have "Gallia" instead of "Galatia", has also been advanced in favour of Gaul; but the traditional reading is supported by the great mass of manuscript evidence. Crescens is mentioned as one of the Seventy Apostles of Christ by Pseudo-Dorotheus. His martyrdom in Galatia, under Trajan, commemorated on 27 June by the Roman Martyrology, lacks the confirmation of older Martyrologies.

Veneration
The Eastern Orthodox Church honours him on 30 July, as one of the Seventy.

Notes

References

 Car Démas m'a abandonné par amour du monde présent. Il est parti pour Thessalonique, Crescens pour la Galatie, Tite pour la Dalmatie.
 Recherche sur les églises de Reims, de Soissons et de Chalons - L.W Ravenez - 1857.

Seventy disciples
People in the Pauline epistles
1st-century Christian saints
Saints from Roman Anatolia
1st-century bishops in Roman Anatolia

Crescens


Bougainville – Our Island Our Fight is a 1998 Australian documentary film. It was produced and directed by Wayne Coles-Janess.

The film focuses on the guerrillas of the Bougainville Revolutionary Army in Papua New Guinea as they fight against the Bougainville Copper company and Papuan government forces. The guerrillas believe they are fighting to defend their independence and the local environment on the island of Bougainville. This film is notable for its subject matter as most Western media was not reporting the Bougainville Civil War.

Synopsis
The Island of Bougainville is located in the Solomon Islands archipelago but is a territory of Papua New Guinea. Beginning in the late 1980s, the people of this Island have fought a guerrilla war with salvaged and recovered World War II weaponry against government forces supplied with more modern equipment. The government has instituted a complete economic blockade of the island in addition to an extended campaign of aerial bombardment and violence against its civilian population.

Bougainville – Our Island, Our Fight depicts the world of Bougainville residents as they leave their traditional coastal society to take refuge from a dangerous military conflict. An explanation of the conflict's causes reveals that the installation of an open cut copper mine at Panguna had initially offered promise of economic prosperity for the region. Bougainville residents eventually determined that the mine project entailed significant ecological damage and social exploitation. Through interviews, "Bougainvillians" discuss their initial recognition of the consequences of this mine, which led to the poisoning of their water supply and the degradation of farmlands and jungle habitat. Later scenes show the difficulties which Bougainville residents face due to the naval blockade of their island. The blockade prevents them from receiving medical and humanitarian aid, leading to declining health and the emergence of leprosy cases. Some supplies are smuggled from the Solomon Islands.

Production
The filmmaker Wayne Coles-Janess and his crew violated the Papua New Guinea government blockade. He had to be smuggled onto and off the island. The film includes the first and only television interview with the BRA President Francis Ona and the defecting Papua New Guinea officer, BRA General Sam Kouna.

See also
 The Coconut Revolution

References

External links

 Bougainville "Our Island, Our Fight", Media Rights website

1998 films
Australian documentary films
Separatism in Papua New Guinea
Autonomous Region of Bougainville
Documentary films about politics
Documentary films about war
Documentary films about indigenous rights
Films shot in Papua New Guinea
1998 documentary films
Documentary films about Papua New Guinea
Films directed by Wayne Coles-Janess

Bougainville – Our Island Our Fight


Sami Lopakka is a Finnish guitarist. Lopakka wis ane o twa guitarists for the baund Sentenced till it disbandit. Lopakka wis the baund's main leeric writer an wis an aa considered the spokesman for the baund. Syne 2007 he is ance again active in KYPCK.

Sami spoke wi Metal-Rules.com in Aprile 2007 aboot his recent activities. An aa discussed wis the feenal Sentenced show which wis recently released on DVD, what his umwhile Sentenced baundmates hae been up te, an o course the details on his awn business an muisical pursuits.

Finnish hivy metal guitarists

Sami Lopakka


Clanners is a Spanish children's animated short-form series aired on Televisión Española's Clan channel produced in 2011 and 2012. It debuted on 23 May 2011.

The series focuses on the fictional inhabitants of a parallel universe which are called Clanners; the first Clanner was created when a human DNA molecule merged with a quantum of electromagnetic energy inside a computer. This similarly happened with other types of DNA molecules and electronics, thus creating the Clanners and their world. The Clanners have traits of humans, animals or robots, and have a curiosity of the human world. The Clanners are divided into four tribes: Minisapiens, Biotron, Amorfix, and , but are nevertheless together. One of the Clanners, Render, is the only one that can access the human world, and will bring any object to the Clanners world that interests him and for others to learn from.

The band Maldita Nerea recorded a song titled "Bienvenido a nuestro Clan" for the show. El Chojin and La Oreja de Van Gogh also contributed to the show's first music album. India Martínez sings the song "Mi mejor regalo eres tu" included on the second album Suma y sigue.

The show won the Mejor Personaje Infantil award at the 2012 Festival El Chupete.

Characters
Render is a yellow minisapien who resembles a robot. He can access the human world. He is able to fly using his propeller, and can communicate using the human language.
eCocó is a minisapien who resembles a human girl, and wears a pink cat costume. She also speaks the human language, has a talent for music and wants to protect the environment. She's part of a trio with  and eCoré.
 is a minisapien who wears a green mouse costume.
eCoré is a minisapien who wears a violet dog costume.
Doctor OnOff is a minisapien who is a mad scientist. He has a power symbol adorned on the container of green slime on his head. Also capable of speaking the human language, he builds machines and experiments, and wants to conquer the Clanner world, and the human world as well.
Perlita is a biotron who resembles a mollusk. She is playful and naughty.
Fredo is a biotron who resembles a pig with long ears. He is rock-fashioned and rides his own vehicles, the Fredomoto, Fredoneta, and Fredoavión.
Rey Ceviche is a biotron who is big and blue, and resembles a Mexican luchador, his head and torso are those of a fish. He bears super strength and creates art.
Capitán Memo is an amorfix who is made of green jelly and wears a red spacesuit. He wants to be a superhero despite lacking superpowers.
Débora is an amorfix who is teal, and wears a pink barrel hat. Having a voracious appetite, she transforms into a monstrous, eel-like form in order to eat.
iPé is an  who resembles a humanoid robot. Also capable of flying, she is intelligent and can speak the human language.
Bit, Bip and Bop are three playful  who resemble robots. Bit is yellow, Bip is green, and Bop is blue. They can also speak the human language.

References

External links
Website on Clan RTVE
Clanners on the Selecta-Vision website
Another Clanners page on the Selecta-Vision website
Clanners on Ink Apache website

2010s animated television series
2011 Spanish television series debuts
Spanish children's animated science fiction television series
Computer-animated television series
RTVE shows
Animated television series about robots

Clanners


The Monikins is an 1835 novel, written by James Fenimore Cooper. The novel, a beast fable, was written between his composition of two of his more famous novels from the Leatherstocking Tales, The Prairie and The Pathfinder. The critic Christina Starobin compares the novel's plot to Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels. The novel is a satire, narrated by the main character, the English Sir John Goldencalf. Goldencalf and the American captain Noah Poke travel on a series of humorous adventures to an Antarctic archipelago inhabited by a race of civilized monkeys.

The novel is not very popular with Cooper's readers. A contemporary critic of the novel in The Knickerbocker described it with great disappointment.

References

External links

Novels by James Fenimore Cooper
1835 American novels
Anthropomorphic mammals
Fables
Gulliver's Travels
Travel novels
American travel books
Novels set in Antarctica
Monkeys in popular culture

The Monikins


There are 2 types of Proportionality: Direct and Inverse

With Direct Proportion, it's when 2 values are a multiple of another.

For example: 1cm= 10mm. To convert cm to mm, the multiplier always has to be 10.

Direct Proportion can be used to calculate the cost of petrol, or exchange rates of foreign money.

The symbol for Direct proportion is ∝.

The Statement ' t is directly proportional to r' can be written as t ∝ r.

With Inverse Proportion, one increases as the other decreases at the same rate. If one quantity doubles, the other one halves. For example, more workers on a job would reduce the time to complete the task. They are inversely proportional.

Mathematics

Proportionality (mathematics)


Camponotus empedocles is a large and dark species of carpenter ant with an extensive range in the Afrotropics.

Range
It is native to the Afrotropics and is known to occur in the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Zimbabwe (type locality) and South Africa.

Description
It is one of the larger, black carpenter ant species of the Afrotropics, with a head width of 3.3 to 3.4 mm. As with other carpenter ants, they have 12 segmented antennae with the antennal insertions distant from the clypeal margin, a rounded pronotum without teeth anteriorly and the petiole entire.

It is uniformly blackish brown with paler legs, and the alitrunk has a continuous, uninterrupted outline. The shiny, uniformly coloured gaster has sparse pubescence, while the duller body is somewhat sculptured. The gula (or medioventral head sclerite) has hairs, but the occiput (back of head) is nearly hairless. The hind tibiae are channeled with a few spiny hairs on the flexor (or inner) surface, with short decumbent (or upward flexing) pubescence evenly covering the whole appendage.

References

External links

empedocles
Insects described in 1920
Hymenoptera of Africa

Camponotus empedocles


Akshaya Mohanty, also known as Khoka Bhai, was an Indian singer, lyricist, composer, musician and writer in Odia. He has contributed Odia bhajans, Odissi songs, folk songs, film and non-film modern light songs in Odisha on contemporary themes and ballads based on popular legends in Odisha.

Life history

Early life
Mohanty was born to Bichitrananda Mohanty and Subarna Manjari Mohanty at Cuttack on 12 October 1936. Mohanty had no formal training in music. At the age of 22 in 1956, he joined Government services in his home city Cuttack, but quit after seven years in 1963. He became an approved lyricist in All India Radio, Cuttack in 1956. By 1959 he became an approved composer in All India Radio.

Family
He was married to Prabina Mohanty in 1967. He has two sons and two daughters. His son Chitrabhanu Mohanty is a stage singer.

Career
Akshaya recorded his first song Gadiala Bhai Dharichhi Sura Re in 50s. His first song as a playback singer was Gori Gori Gori in the 1959 Odia movie Maa. He has sung songs in 129 Odia films.

In 1965, he composed music for the movie Malajanha, directed by Odia filmmaker, Nitai Palit. A song from the movie Rakata Talamala went on to top the charts. He composed music for 75 movies. He has experimented with themes, words and in recording and producing special sound effects. Some of his experiments include starting a new cult of ballads in Odia, based on popular legends, such as Kanchi Abhijana, Randipua Ananta, and Konaraka Gatha. He also recorded a popular drama, Patent Medicine, that went on to win the best radio drama award from All India Radio. Some of his popular songs are 'Kene Gheni Jauchha Jagannathanku', 'Saata Daria Paare', 'He Phaguna Tume', 'Raja Jhia Sange', 'Rakata Tala Mala', 'Chakori Jhara'anaa Luha'. Akshaya Mohanty also has acted in 3 movies e.

As a music composer
He composed music in 75 films.

 Mala Janha
 Kie Kahar
 Sansar
 Jajabara
 Naga Phasa
 Taapoi
 Jhili Mili
 Nijhum Ratira Sathi
 Shree Jagannath
 Kie Jite Kie Hare
 Ashanta Graha
 Mahasati Sabitree
 Swapna Sagar
 Danda Balunga
 Jai Phula
 Jaga Hatare Pagha
 Sankha Sindura
 Mamata Mage Moola
 Nala Damayanti
 Baje Bainshi Nache Ghungura
 Chaka Bhaunree
 Sabu Mayare Baya
 Eai Aama Sanshara
 Karunamaya
 Badhu Nirupama
 Eai Ta Duniya
 Tunda Baida
 Jor Jar Mulak Taar
 Thilli Jhia Heli Bohu
 Suna Chadhei
 Kurukshetra
 Papa Punya
 Pua Mora Kala Thakura
 Mamata Ra Dori
 Chaka Akhi Sabu Dekhuchi
 Bidhira Bidhana
 Aasuchi Mo Kalia Suna
 Daiba Daudi
 Chaka Dola Karuchi Lila
 Thakura Achhanti Choubahaku
 Paradesi Chadhei
 Kalia Bharasa
 Ama Ghara Ama Sansar
 Hasa Luha Bhara Dunia
 To Binu Anya Gati Nahin
 Kotie Manisha Gotie Jaga
 Kapala Likhana
 Bhisma Pratigyan
 Suna Bhauja
 Rakhile Siba Mariba Kie
 Lakhsmana Rekha
 Pua Mora Jagatajita
 Jai Jagannatha

Albums

Ahuti (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
All Time Greats Akshaya Mohanty
Oriya Songs Akshaya Mohanty
Ago Moro Phularani
Songs From The Land Of Jagannath
Jajabara
Mo Pati Mo Debata
Modern Oriya Songs - Akshyaya Mohanty
Uttam Uttam (Remix)
Modern Oriya Songs - Akshaya Mohanty
Nyay Chakara - Kartabya
Kapaala Likhana
Pathara Khashila Bada Deularu
Jai Jagannatha
Danda Balunga
Oriya Songs - Akshay Mohanty
Sankhamandala
Pardesi Chadhei - Jaa Debi Sarba Bhutedhu
Jaga Hatare Pagha
Mukti Tirtha
Oriya Modern Songs - Akshay Mohanty
Oriya Modern Songs
Oriya Songs : Akshyaya Mohanty
Maa Mati Mamata
Devotional Songs By Akshaya Mohanty
Jajabara Ory
Paap Punya
Kali Gori
Suna Chadhei
Oriya Devotional Songs - Akshaya Mohanty

Popular songs
Light/Romantic

 Gadiala Bhai Dharichhi Sura Re
 Smruti Tume
 Bayasara Krushnachuda
 Tahun Kanji Gala
 Udi Udi Udi Ja Re Udi
 Ja Ja Re Bhasi Bhasi Ja
 Raja Jhia Sange
 Ba Ba Re Capital
 Punyara Nadi Tire
 Abujha Priyatama
 Nadira Nama Alasakanya
 Sabi Sabi Tu To Mora
 Alo Ratani
 He Faguna Tume Gala Pare Pare
 Nanda Mundia Driver
 Sakalara Gadi
 Bandhu Re Anide Anide Mote
 Baby Eka Gelha Jhia
 Gori Gori Gori
 Rakata Talamala
 Tik Tik Tik Ghanta Chale
 Ei Chumki (Duet)
 Rangabati Re Rangabati
 Abujha Priayatama
 Phulei Rani Saja Phula
 Jajabara Mana Mora
 Chhapi Chhapi Basanto Rati
 Rail Gadi Jauchhi Gadi
 Sata Daria Pari Re
 Chandrama Eka Chandana Bindu
 Chandramailli Hase
 Ae E E Alo Alo Mani
 Rati Je Khoje
 Ei rum Juhum Jhum Jhum Nupura
 Kalankita Ei Nayaka
 Hasa Ta Lakhye Tanka
 Sabi Sabi Tu Ta Mora
 Udigale Gendalia Jhadi Dela Para
 Boula Hebi Nahin
 Tu Ki Buli Baharilu Sahara
 Mathia Re Gote Kana
 Kali Gori Dihen Gadhei
 Thik Tori Pari Jhia Tie
 Jataka Padichhi

Bhajans (Devotional)
 Eka To Bhakata Jibana
 Kene Gheni Jauchha Jagannathanku
 Olata Brukhye Khelucchi
 Adhagadha Diankara
 Dasavatara (Gita Govinda)
 Srikrushnara Banshi Swana Suni
 Jaya Jaya Jagannatha
  Seta  Bhakat Bhabare Bandhare

Popular Ballads
 Kanchi Abhijana
 Randipua Ananta
 Konarak Gatha

Awards

 Jayadeva Award: The highest state award in movies
 State Award for best playback singer seven times
 State Award for best composer twice
 Many Awards from Orissa Cinecritic Association

Writing
 Aneswata Rani (Collection of short stories)
 Bichara (Collection of short stories)
 Nagna Monalisa (Collection of short stories)
 Ba Ba Re America (Travelogue)
 Aryadasara Atmalipi (Semi-autobiographical)
 Aryadasara Sheshalipi (Semi-autobiographical)
 Bamapanthi (Novel)
 Aphera Nadi (Novel)
 Gayaka (Novel)
 Jaya Nuhen Jaya (Novel)
 Gotie Kuhu, Aneka Uhu (Novel)

See also
 Sikandar Alam
 Prafulla Kar
 Bhikari Bal
 Aarti Mukherjee
 Sandhya Mukhopadhyay
 Vani Jairam
 S. Janaki

References

External links

 Songs of Akshaya Mohanty
More Songs of Akshaya Mohanty

1936 births
2002 deaths
People from Kendrapara district
Indian male playback singers
Indian film score composers
Odia-language writers
20th-century Indian singers
Singers from Odisha
Indian male film score composers
20th-century Indian male singers

Akshaya Mohanty


The national flag of France () is a tricolour featuring three vertical bands coloured blue (hoist side), white, and red. It is known to English speakers as the Tricolour (), although the flag of Ireland and others are also so known. The design was adopted after the French Revolution, where the revolutionaries were influenced by the horizontally striped red-white-blue flag of the Netherlands. While not the first tricolour, it became one of the most influential flags in history. The tricolour scheme was later adopted by many other nations in Europe and elsewhere, and, according to the Encyclopædia Britannica has historically stood "in symbolic opposition to the autocratic and clericalist royal standards of the past".

Before the tricolour was adopted the royal government used many flags, the best known being a blue shield and gold fleurs-de-lis (the Royal Arms of France) on a white background, or state flag. Early in the French Revolution, the Paris militia, which played a prominent role in the storming of the Bastille, wore a cockade of blue and red, the city's traditional colours. According to French general Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, white was the "ancient French colour" and was added to the militia cockade to form a tricolour, or national, cockade of France.

This cockade became part of the uniform of the National Guard, which succeeded the militia and was commanded by Lafayette. The colours and design of the cockade are the basis of the Tricolour flag, adopted in 1790, originally with the red nearest to the flagpole and the blue farthest from it. A modified design by Jacques-Louis David was adopted in 1794. The royal white flag was used during the Bourbon Restoration from 1815 to 1830; the tricolour was brought back after the July Revolution and has been used since then, except for an interruption for a few days in 1848. Since 1976, there have been two versions of the flag in varying levels of use by the state: the original (identifiable by its use of navy blue) and one with a lighter shade of blue. Since July 2020, France has used the older variant by default, including at the Élysée Palace.

Design
Article 2 of the French constitution of 1958 states that "the national emblem is the tricolour flag, blue, white, red". No law has specified the shades of these official colours. In English blazon, the flag is described as tierced in pale azure, argent and gules.

The blue stripe has usually been a dark navy blue; a lighter blue (and slightly lighter red) version was introduced in 1976 by President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. Both versions were used from then; town halls, public buildings and barracks usually fly the darker version of the flag, but the lighter version was sometimes used even on official State buildings.

On 13 July 2020, President Emmanuel Macron reverted, without any statement and with no orders for other institutions to use a specific version, to the darker hue for the presidential Élysée Palace, as a symbol of the French Revolution. The move was met with comments both in favour of and against the change, but it was noted that both the darker and lighter flags have been in use for decades.

Currently, the flag is one and a half times wider than its height (i.e. in the proportion 2:3) and, except in the French Navy, has stripes of equal width. Initially, the three stripes of the flag were not equally wide, being in the proportions 30 (blue), 33 (white) and 37 (red). Under Napoleon I, the proportions were changed to make the stripes' width equal, but by a regulation dated 17 May 1853, the navy went back to using the 30:33:37 proportions, which it now continues to use, as the flapping of the flag makes portions farther from the halyard seem smaller.

On French television interviews a flag with a much narrower white stripe is often used as a backdrop; a standard flag would show, close up, as only white.

Symbolism
Blue and red are the traditional colours of Paris, used on the city's coat of arms. Blue is identified with Saint Martin, red with Saint Denis. At the storming of the Bastille in 1789, the Paris militia wore blue and red cockades on their hats. White had long featured prominently on French flags and is described as the "ancient French colour" by Lafayette. White was added to the "revolutionary" colours of the militia cockade to "nationalise" the design, thus forming the cockade of France. Although Lafayette identified the white stripe with the nation, other accounts identify it with the monarchy. Lafayette denied that the flag contains any reference to the red-and-white livery of the Duc d'Orléans. Despite this, Orléanists adopted the tricolour as their own.

Blue and red are associated with the Virgin Mary, the patroness of France, and were the colours of the oriflamme. The colours of the French flag may also represent the three main estates of the Ancien Régime (the clergy: white, the nobility: red and the bourgeoisie: blue). Blue, as the symbol of class, comes first and red, representing the nobility, comes last. Both extreme colours are situated on each side of white referring to a superior order.

Lafayette's cockade of France was adopted in July 1789, a moment of national unity that soon faded. Royalists began wearing white cockades and flying white flags, while the Jacobins, and later the Socialists, flew the red flag. The tricolour, which combines royalist white with republican red, came to be seen as a symbol of moderation and of a nationalism that transcended factionalism.

The French government website states that the white field was the colour of the king, while blue and red were the colours of Paris.

The three colours are occasionally taken to represent the three elements of the revolutionary motto,  (freedom: blue),  (equality: white),  (brotherhood: red); this symbolism was referenced in Krzysztof Kieślowski's three colours film trilogy, for example.

In the aftermath of the November 2015 Paris attacks, many famous landmarks and stadiums were illuminated in the flag colours to honour the victims.

History

Kingdom of France

During the early Middle Ages, the oriflamme, the flag of Saint Denis, was used—red, with two, three, or five spikes. Originally, it was the royal banner under the Capetians. It was stored in Saint-Denis abbey, where it was taken when war broke out. French kings went forth into battle preceded either by Saint Martin's red cape, which was supposed to protect the monarch, or by the red banner of Saint Denis.

Later during the Middle Ages, these colours came to be associated with the reigning house of France. In 1328, the coat-of-arms of the House of Valois was blue with gold fleurs-de-lis bordered in red. From this time on, the kings of France were represented in vignettes and manuscripts wearing a red gown under a blue coat decorated with gold fleurs-de-lis.  Charles V of France changed the design from an all-over scattering of fleurs-de-lis to a group of three in about 1376; these two coats are known in heraldic terminology as France Ancient and France Modern, respectively.

During the Hundred Years' War, England was recognised by a red cross; Burgundy, a red saltire; and France, a white cross. This cross could figure either on a blue or a red field. The blue field eventually became the common standard for French armies. The French regiments were later assigned the white cross as standard, with their proper colours in the cantons. The French flag of a white cross on a blue field is still seen on some flags derived from it, such as that of Quebec.

The flag of Joan of Arc during the Hundred Years' War is described in her own words, "I had a banner of which the field was sprinkled with lilies; the world was painted there, with an angel at each side; it was white of the white cloth called 'boccassin'; there was written above it, I believe, 'JHESUS MARIA'; it was fringed with silk." Joan's standard led to the prominent use of white on later French flags.

From the accession of the Bourbons to the throne of France, the green ensign of the navy became a plain white flag, the symbol of purity and royal authority. The merchant navy was assigned "the old flag of the nation of France", the white cross on a blue field. There also was a red jack for the French galleys. A variant of the plain white Bourbon banner, a white field strewn with gold fleur de lis, was also sometimes seen.

The Tricolore

The horizontally striped red-white-blue flag of the Netherlands originally inspired the colour scheme used by the French revolutionaries after the French Revolution in 1789. Consequently, the French tricolour flag is derived from the cockade of France used during the French Revolution. These were circular rosette-like emblems attached to the hat. Camille Desmoulins asked his followers to wear green cockades on 12 July 1789. The Paris militia, formed on 13 July, adopted a blue and red cockade. Blue and red are the traditional colours of Paris, and they are used on the city's coat of arms. Cockades with various colour schemes were used during the storming of the Bastille on 14 July. The blue and red cockade was presented to King Louis XVI at the  on 17 July. Lafayette argued for the addition of a white stripe to "nationalise" the design. On 27 July, a tricolour cockade was adopted as part of the uniform of the National Guard, the national police force that succeeded the militia.

A drapeau tricolore with vertical red, white and blue stripes was approved by the Constituent Assembly on 24 October 1790. Simplified designs were used to illustrate how the revolution had broken with the past. The order was reversed to blue-white-red, the current design, by a resolution passed on 15 February 1794.

When the Bourbon dynasty was restored following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, the tricolore—with its revolutionary connotations—was replaced by a white flag, the pre-revolutionary naval flag. However, following the July Revolution of 1830, the "citizen-king", Louis-Philippe, restored the tricolore, and it has remained France's national flag since that time.

Following the overthrow of Napoleon III, voters elected a royalist majority to the National Assembly of the new Third Republic. This parliament then offered the throne to the Bourbon pretender, Henri, Comte de Chambord.  However, he insisted that he would accept the throne only on the condition that the tricolour be replaced by the white flag. As the tricolour had become a cherished national symbol, this demand proved impossible to accommodate. Plans to restore the monarchy were adjourned and ultimately dropped, and France has remained a republic, with the tricolour flag, ever since.

The Vichy régime, which dropped the word "republic" in favour of "the French state", maintained the use of the tricolore, but Philippe Pétain used as his personal standard a version of the flag with, in the white stripe, an axe made with a star-studded marshal's baton. This axe is called the "Francisque" in reference to the ancient Frankish throwing axe. During this same period, the Free French Forces used a tricolore with, in the white stripe, a red Cross of Lorraine.

The constitutions of 1946 and 1958 instituted the "blue, white, and red" flag as the national emblem of the Republic.

The colours of the national flag are occasionally said to represent different flowers; blue represents cornflowers, white represents marguerites, and red represents poppies.

Regimental flags

Naval flags

Colonial flags

Most French colonies either used the regular tricolour or a regional flag without the French flag. There were some exceptions:

Other
Many provinces and territories in Canada have French-speaking communities with flags represents:

Many areas in North America have substantial French-speaking and ancestral communities:

New Hebrides used several flags incorporating both the British Union Flag and the French flag.

In the Shanghai International Settlement, the flag of Shanghai Municipal Council has a shield incorporating the French tricolour.

Two territories of Vietnam used flags based on the tricolour flag of France.

Gallery

See also

 List of French flags
 Flags of the regions of France
 National emblem of France
 Armorial of France
 Cockade of France
 Flag of Madriz Department, Nicaragua, similar design
 Flag of Haiti (based on French Republican flag)

Notes

References

Sources

Further reading
 Flags Through the Ages and Across the World, Smith, Whitney, McGraw-Hill Book Co. Ltd, England, 1975. .

External links

 French flag at Flags Corner

National symbols of France
France

Articles containing video clips
Flags introduced in 1794
Flags introduced in 1830

Flag of France


Ninasi is a village in Mustvee Parish, Jõgeva County in northeastern Estonia.

References to the village were first made in 1599.
In the year 2000, there were around 90 people living in the village.

Some Ninasi historical names: Nennal, Nenal, Nennasi, Ninnasi, and Ninna Station.

History

Ninasi was located on the St. Petersburg - Riga -  Tartu - Narva
postal road. A horse Postal Station operated there between 1772 and 1877.
In 1824, a Postal Station built of stone was erected.
In his travel notes, French writer Honoré de Balzac, mentioned his stop
at Ninasi Horse Postal Station from the end of July to early October 1843.

Catherine II (1764), Robert Schumann,
Elias Lönnrot and Franz Liszt are believed to have passed through Ninasi.

The village was linked to the activities of the
Decembrists in 1825. Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich  was assigned to block all
incoming correspondence from St. Petersburg until arrival of the
Livonias ruler Konstntine's manifest  (located in Warsaw) which
declared his renunciation of power.

In March. 1881 the future Tsar Alexander III  received notice of the assassination of his father, Tsar Alexander II, and became Emperor of Russia.

The years 1892-1916 building was customized to treat leprosy. After
closing in 1916 old postal station stood empty few years.
In 1919 the building was opened for Kalmavillage primary school,
which operated until 1966.  In recent years the building was used by the Estonian Border Guard and called Ninasi Kordon.

From year 2011 NGO Virumaa Koolituskeskus started to run Ninasi Horse Postal Station building. According to the CEO Ivo Okas, they plan to restore building as it was in 1834 including frontal majestetic arcs.

Notes

External links
/ Ninasi official site

Villages in Jõgeva County

Ninasi


The Bataan Death March was a forcible transfer by the Imperial Japanese Army of between 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war (POW) from the municipalities of Baguc and Mariveles on the Bataan Peninsula to Camp O'Donnel via San Fernando.

The transfer began on 9 April 1942 after the three month Battle of Bataan in the Philippines during World War II. The total distance of Mariveles to San Fernando and from the Capas Train Station to various camps was    long. Sources also report widely differing prisoner of war casualties prior to reaching Camp O'Donnell: from 5,000 to 18,000 Filipino deaths and 500 to 650 American deaths during the
march.

The march was characterized by
severe physical abuse and wanton killings. If an American POW was caught on the ground or fell, he would be instantly shot. After the war, the Japanese commander, General Masaharu Homma and two of his officers, Major General Yoshitaka Kawane and Colonel Kurataro Hirano, were tried by the United States military commissions for war crimes and sentenced to death on charges of failing to prevent their subordinates from committing atrocities. Homma was executed in 1946, while Kawane and Hirano were executed in 1949.

References
War crimes
World War II
History of the Philippines
1942 in the United States
1940s in Asia

Bataan Death March


Clodronic acid (INN) or clodronate disodium (Na2CH2Cl2O6P2) (USAN) is a first generation (non-nitrogenous) bisphosphonate. It is an anti-osteoporotic drug approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women and men to reduce vertebral fractures, hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia in malignancy, multiple myeloma and fracture related pain because of its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects shown as a reduction in inflammatory markers like IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α.

Medical uses
An Italian study compared the analgesic effect of clodronic acid versus acetaminophen in rheumatic condition related pain.  Study result show a reduction in pain in favor of clodronic acid that provided more analgesia than 3 grams/day of acetaminophen. Clodronic acid is also used in experimental medicine to selectively deplete macrophages.

Clodronic acid is approved for human use in Canada and Australia, the United Kingdom, where it is marketed as Bonefos, Loron, Clodron and in Italy as Clasteon, Difosfonal, Osteostab and several generics. In other countries is prescribed as a bone resorption inhibitor and antihypercalcemic agent.  It is not approved for use in the United States, because it has too many adverse effects.

Veterinary uses
Clodronic acid is approved for use in horses under the trade name Osphos, for treatment of bone resorptive processes of navicular syndrome. It is given by intramuscular injection at one point in time, with the total dose divided into 2-3 sites on the horse. Clinical effects (e.g. improvement of lameness) after a single treatment can be seen up to 6 months post-treatment.

Adverse effects
Clodronic acid has been shown to have several adverse effects. These include:
 Signs of discomfort, agitation, or colic, usually within 2 hours of treatment.
 Head shaking
 Lip licking

References

Bisphosphonates
Equine medications
Organochlorides

Clodronic acid


Cyprian Consiglio, O.S.B. Cam., is an American composer, musician, Camaldolese monk and Catholic priest. He is noted for his musical work to support the practice of meditation. He is the author of two books.

Life
He was born in 1958 as Phillip Daniel Consiglio and grew up near Joliet, Illinois. He later spent many years living in Phoenix, Arizona, where he worked as a professional musician, performer (guitarist and vocalist), arranger and producer.

Consiglio began his recording career in his early twenties, and has since gone on to record numerous collections of original music in a wide variety of styles. Though much of his early work was in Catholic liturgical music much of his latest work incorporates styles and sacred texts from a wide variety of cultures and spiritual traditions.

In 1992 Consiglio was admitted as a candidate of the Camaldolese Hermitage of the Immaculate Heart (better known as New Camaldoli) in Big Sur, California. In 1998 he earned a Master's degree in theology from St. John Seminary in Camarillo, California and was ordained a Catholic priest in July of that year. He has spent a considerable amount of time studying both Eastern and Western spirituality, particularly under the influence of Bede Griffiths. After his monastic formation and ten years living at New Camaldoli Hermitage, he re-located near Santa Cruz, California, and lived ten years in a hermitage where he spent about half of his time on the road performing concerts, and teaching or leading retreats mainly on the topic of the Universal Call to Contemplation. He made regular trips to India and other Asian countries, "learning and teaching." In the fall of 2012 he resumed living at New Camaldoli.

In July 2013 Consiglio was elected the prior of the hermitage after the previous prior, Robert Hale, O.S.B. Cam., informed the community that he was stepping down. Consiglio was installed as prior on July 20, 2013, and reconfirmed for another six-year term at the end of January 2018.

Partial discography
 There Is A Light (NALR, 1992)
 Behind and Before Me (OCP, 1996)
 As One Unknown (OCP, 1998)
 In the Heart of the Desert w/ John Pennington (OCP, 1999)
 Awakening w/John Pennington (Equilibrium, 2002)
 Lord, Open My Lips (OCP, 2003)
 The Song of Luke (Equilibrium, 2004)
 Wait, My Soul, In Silence w/Laurence Freeman, O.S.B. (MedioMedia, 2005)
 Compassionate and Wise (Equilibrium, 2006)
 Echo of Your Peace (MedioMedia, 2008)

Bibliography

External links
 Official website 2021 archive
 OCP publications bio

1958 births
Living people
People from Joliet, Illinois
Camaldolese Order
St. John's Seminary (California) alumni
American male composers
21st-century American composers
American Roman Catholic religious writers
Catholics from Illinois
21st-century American male musicians
21st-century American Roman Catholic priests

Cyprian Consiglio


Jo Anne Lyon (born 1940 in Blackwell, Oklahoma) is the Vice President of Wesley Seminary in Marion, Indiana. Lyon was previously the General Superintendent of the Wesleyan Church . Lyon was elected as the first woman General Superintendent at the June 2008 General Conference. In 2012 she was elected as the only General Superintendent of the denomination. Lyon was ordained as a minister in the Wesleyan Church in 1996 the same year that she founded World Hope International, an organization desiring to alleviate suffering and injustice through education, enterprise and community health.

Lyon holds a bachelor's degree in education from the University of Cincinnati, a Masters in Counseling from The University of Missouri-Kansas City and further graduate work at St. Louis University in Historical Theology. She has been awarded an honorary Doctor of Divinity from Northeastern Seminary and United Wesleyan College and an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from both Southern Wesleyan University and Indiana Wesleyan University.

References

External links
Talks at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School

1940 births
Living people
American clergy
University of Cincinnati alumni
Southern Wesleyan University alumni
Wesleyan Methodists
20th-century Methodists

Jo Anne Lyon


Clart is unclean matter, especially whan in contact wi a body's claes, skin or possessions whan thay are said tae become clarty. Common kynds o clart include syle an stour.

Cleanin
Whan things are clarty, thay are for ordinar cleaned wi antibacterial solutions like haird surface cleaner an ither chemicals; muckle domestic activity is for this purpose — washin, soopin an sae forth.

References

Hygiene

Clart


In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen. This alkoxy group has the formula .

On a benzene ring, the Hammett equation classifies a methoxy substituent at the para position as an electron-donating group, but as an electron-withdrawing group if at the meta position. At the ortho position, steric effects are likely to cause a significant alteration in the Hammett equation prediction which otherwise follows the same trend as that of the para position.

Occurrence
The simplest of methoxy compounds are methanol and dimethyl ether. Other methoxy ethers include anisole and vanillin. Many metal alkoxides contain methoxy groups, such as tetramethyl orthosilicate and titanium methoxide. Esters with a methoxy group can be referred to as methyl esters, and the —COOCH3 substituent is called a methoxycarbonyl.

Biosynthesis
In nature, methoxy groups are found on nucleosides that have been subjected to 2′-O-methylation, for example in variations of the 5′-cap structure known as cap-1 and cap-2. They are also common substituents in O-methylated flavonoids, whose formation is catalyzed by O-methyltransferases that act on phenols, such as catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT). Many natural products in plants, such as lignins, are generated via catalysis by caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase.

Methoxylation
Organic methoxides are often produced by methylation of alkoxides. Some aryl methoxides can be synthesized by metal-catalyzed methylation of phenols, or by methoxylation of aryl halides.

References

Alkoxy groups

Methoxy group


Alan Feinstein (born 8 September 1941, New York City, New York) is an American actor. Early in his career, he was credited as Alan Yorke.

He is noted for his 1983 award-winning stage performance in A View from the Bridge. From 1978-1979, he starred in the short lived QM Productions TV series The Runaways as Steve Arrizio, a former juvenile officer turned clinical psychologist who rescued runaway children from danger.

His film credits include roles in Bad Girls Go to Hell (1965, credited as Alan Yorke), Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977), The Two Worlds of Jennie Logan (1979), Merchants of Venus (1998), and the television series Masada (1981) and The Paper Chase (1984).

Feinstein dated actress Lana Wood for most of the 1980s, and was in attendance at the funeral of her sister Natalie.

References

External links

1941 births
Male actors from New York City
Drama Desk Award winners
Living people
20th-century American male actors

Alan Feinstein (actor)


Amerino Cagnoni (Milan, July 16, 1853 - 1926) was an Italian painter.

Biography
He initially studied classical education, but abandoned studies to take a job as director of a textile mill in Brianza, then moved to Asti as secretary of a wealthy family. At age 19 he enrolled as a student of Brera Academy, where he stayed for seven years. He painted The daughter of Curzio Pichena, a subject from the novel by Guerazzi.  His Episode of the War of Italian Independence was awarded honorable mention in a government contest government of 1880 in Rome, and exhibited in 1881 in Milan. His painting Valentina was purchased by the Lottery Commission of Milan in 1881. The same year he executed a portrait of the painter Mantegna, reproduced in fresco for the lunettes of the Brera, a work that won the Mylius Prize. He painted numerous portraits including of Giuseppe Rattazzi, Antonia Longhi, Antonietta Bianchi, Giuseppe Lertora, Luigi Giannetti, Pietro Felice Sales, and Teresa Scaccabarozzi San Pietro

References

1853 births
1926 deaths
Brera Academy alumni
Painters from Milan
19th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
20th-century Italian painters
19th-century Italian male artists
20th-century Italian male artists

Amerino Cagnoni


According to the theory of the art historian Marcia B. Hall, which has gained considerable acceptance, cangiante () is one of the canonical painting modes of the Renaissance; i.e. one of the four modes of painting colours available to Italian High Renaissance painters, along with sfumato, chiaroscuro and unione.   The word itself is the present participle of the Italian verb cangiare ("to change").

Cangiante is characterized by a change in color necessitated by an original color's darkness or lightness limitation. For example,  when painting shadows on a yellow object, the artist may use a red color simply because the yellow paint cannot be made dark enough. There are other methods of rendering shadows or highlights (for example, mixing the original hue with black or brown), but these can render the shadow color dull and impure. During the Renaissance, the variety and availability of paint colors were severely limited.

The greatest practitioner of the cangiante technique was Michelangelo, especially in many parts of the Sistine Chapel ceiling. For example, in the image of the prophet Daniel, a transition from green to yellow is evident in the subject's robes. After Michelangelo's time, the technique found widespread acceptance and is now a standard painting technique.

See also
Chiaroscuro
Michelangelo
Sfumato
Tenebrism
Unione

References

Artistic techniques
Painting techniques

Cangiante


Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den is a poem that was written in the 1930s. It is in Classical Chinese, and tells the story of a poet, in a stone cave, eating lions. The poem is special, because all the words are pronounced "shi" in Classical Chinese. It is only the way they are pronounced that is different.

Chinese literature
1930s works

Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den


The Pius XII Museum (in Portuguese: Museu Pio XII) is located in Braga, Portugal, in the same building of the Museum Medina, as the name from the Pope Pius XII.

The collection of the museum comprise Palaeolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age implements, Pre-historic and Luso-Roman pottery.

In the museum is a Peristyle part of a Roman Villa in the original location.

See also
 List of Jesuit sites

M
Biographical museums in Portugal
Museums in Braga
Museums established in 1957
Archaeological museums in Portugal

Pius XII Museum