The first season of Star Trek: Enterprise (then titled simply Enterprise), an American television series, began airing on September 26, 2001, on UPN. The season concluded after 26 episodes on May 22, 2002. The series was developed by Rick Berman and Brannon Braga, who also served as executive producers. Season one regular cast members include Scott Bakula, Jolene Blalock, Connor Trinneer, Dominic Keating, Linda Park, Anthony Montgomery and John Billingsley.

Plot overview
The first two seasons of Star Trek: Enterprise depict the human exploration of interstellar space by the crew of an Earth ship able to go farther and faster than any humans had previously gone, due to the breaking of the warp barrier, analogous to the Bell X-1 breaking the sound barrier. In the ninety years since Star Trek: First Contact, the Vulcans have been mentoring and guiding humans, routinely holding back scientific knowledge in an effort to keep them contained close to home, believing them to be too impulsive and emotionally dominated to function properly in an interstellar community. When Enterprise finally sets out, the Vulcans, often represented by T'Pol, are conspicuously close by. This generates some conflict as, in several early episodes, Archer and others often complain of the Vulcans' unsubtle methods of keeping an eye on them.

The early encounters and historic culture of familiar Star Trek franchise races, such as the Vulcans, Klingons, Andorians,  Ferengi, Nausicaans, and Risans are also explored further. The crew faces situations that are familiar to Star Trek fans, but are unencumbered and unjaded by the experience and rules which have built up over hundreds of years of Trek lore and canon established in previous Star Trek series. Star Trek: Enterprise takes pains to show the origins of some concepts which have become taken for granted in Star Trek canon, such as Lieutenant Reed's development of force fields and red alerts, and Captain Archer's and Sub-Commander T'Pol's questions about cultural interference eventually being resolved by later series' Prime Directive.

A recurring plot device is the Temporal Cold War, in which a mysterious entity from the 27th century uses the Cabal, a group of genetically upgraded aliens of the Suliban species, to manipulate the timeline and change past events. Sometimes sabotaging Enterprise's mission and sometimes saving the ship from destruction, the entity's motives are unknown. Agent Daniels, a Temporal Agent from the 31st century responsible for policing the timeline, occasionally visits Archer to assist him in fighting the Suliban and undoing damage caused by the Temporal Cold War.

Cast

Main cast

Recurring cast

Episodes

In the following table, episodes are listed by the order in which they aired.

Broadcast

Reception
In reviewing the first season, DVDVerdict.com described the show as "seriously flawed" and noted "weak story telling". IGN awarded the first season of the series a score of 6 out of 10, stating that "for every solid episode like Dear Doctor ... there's a dreadful misfire like Silent Enemy" and attributed the show's declining audience figures to the "early rocky-going". AJ Carson of tvdvdreviewswas more positive, describing the first season as "flawed, but it is still among TV's best sci-fi series". While Carson noted problems such as "one dimensional" secondary characters and a visual aesthetic that was at odds with the series' place in the chronology of the franchise, it was also noted that the "series looks terrific, its cast is immensely likeable, and its scripts are intelligent". In his 2022 rewatch, Keith DeCandido of Tor.com gave the season 1 a rating of 4 out of 10. He says the premise is good in theory but in practice the most interesting thing they do with it is to put humanity into the middle of the Vulcan-Andorian conflict, and describes much of the season as "uninteresting and unexciting and mundane". DeCandido is critical of "Trek's Worst Opening Credits Theme Music" juxtaposed with "Trek's Most Visually Exciting Opening Credits".

In 2019, CBR rated Season 1 of Enterprise as the 27th best season of all Star Trek seasons up to that time, ranking it lower than any of the other three seasons.

Awards
Two episodes of the first season of Enterprise won and were nominated for various Emmy Awards. The series premiere "Broken Bow" was awarded an Emmy for "Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Series" and was nominated for two other categories, "Outstanding Sound Editing for a Series" and "Outstanding Makeup for a Series (Prosthetic)". A later episode, "Two Days and Two Nights", won in the category "Outstanding Hairstyling for a Series".

Media information
The first season DVD was released on May 3, 2005, ten days before the broadcast of the final episode of the series. This release marked a couple of firsts for Star Trek TV series DVD releases. It was the first to include extensive deleted scenes (although footage cut from the premiere of Voyager had been included in a featurette previously), and it was the first to include an outtakes or blooper reel.

References

External links

 Season 1 on Memory Alpha
 Season guide on IMDb

Star Trek: Enterprise
2001 American television seasons
2002 American television seasons
Enterprise

Star Trek: Enterprise (season 1)


ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, is a foundation jointly promoted by the Catalan Government through its Department of Innovation, Universities and Enterprise, and the Catalan Foundation for Research and Innovation (FCRI). ICREA was created in 2000 aiming to boost the research system of Catalonia via the recruitment of top scientists for the Catalan R&D system, scientists capable of leading new research groups, strengthening existing groups, and opening up novel forefront lines of research.

To achieve its objectives ICREA works closely with Catalan universities and research centres based in Catalonia by means of long-term agreements that allow ICREA researchers to integrate in research groups within these universities and centres.

In the period 2000-2008, ICREA has hired a total of 222 tenured research professors in different areas of research: 32.5% in life and medical sciences, 27% in experimental sciences and mathematics, 10% in social sciences, 13.5% in different fields of humanities and 17% in technology.

References

External links

Education in Catalonia
Research institutes in Catalonia
Science and technology in Catalonia
Educational institutions established in 2000


A changing table is a small raised platform designed to allow a person to change a child's diaper.

Public changing tables

Many public restrooms have public tables available should a diaper change be required in a public place. They are typically made of hard plastic and rest on hinges so they can be folded into the wall when not in use. They are usually not enclosed in a stall.

These became popular in the 1990s. Originally, they were mainly found in women's restrooms. Through the lobbying efforts of Eric Letts, a founder of the Fair Parenting Project, it became commonplace to find them in men's rooms across Canada and the United States.

In 2016, President Obama signed the BABIES Act into law, requiring changing tables in all publicly accessible, federal buildings in the United States.

References

Tables (furniture)
Babycare

Changing table


Salento (Salentino: Salentu, Salentino Griko: Σαλέντο), also known as Terra d'Otranto is a cultural, historical and geographic region at the southern end of the administrative region of Apulia in Southern Italy. It is a sub-peninsula of the Italian Peninsula, sometimes described as the "heel" of the Italian "boot".
It encompasses the entire administrative area of the province of Lecce, a large part of the province of Brindisi and part of that of Taranto.

The peninsula is also known as Terra d'Otranto, and in the past Sallentina. In ancient times it was called variously Calabria or Messapia.

History

Messapia (from Greek Μεσσαπία) was the ancient name of a region of Italy largely corresponding to modern Salento. It was inhabited chiefly by the Messapii in classical times. Pokorny derives the toponym from the reconstructed PIE *medhyo-, "middle" and PIE *ap-, "water" (Mess-apia, "amid waters"). Pokorny compares the toponym Messapia to another ancient Italic toponym, Salapia, "salt water", a city in Apulia.

Late Bronze Age settlements were complex and comparatively rich, They lost their wealth at the beginning of the Iron Age and degraded into dispersed huts. Farmers cultivated cereals and used meadows for stock grazing. In the subsequent archaic time stone built houses were erected accompanied by funerary plots. Trade with the Greek was established. Surplus production and the intensification of wine and olive oil production enabled the culture of the Hellenistic period. The Romans conquered the Salento in the third century BC leading to a consolidation process of farms.

Geography

The Salento peninsula is composed of limestone, dividing the Gulf of Taranto to the west from the Strait of Otranto on the east, with the Adriatic Sea to the north and the Ionian Sea to the south. Known also as "peninsula salentina", from a geo-morphologic point of view it encompasses the land borders between Ionian and the Adriatic Seas, to the "Messapic threshold", a depression that runs along the Taranto-Ostuni line and separates it from the Murge.

The climate is typically Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters which provides suitable conditions for the cultivation of olives, citrus fruits and palm trees. The generally flat topography and surrounding seas can make Salento prone to windy weather year round.

Winters are mild and rainy with temperatures generally hovering in the teens °C during the day. Occasional bora winds from the northeast can bring colder temperatures to the east of the Italian Peninsula. Snowfall has been recorded as recently as 2017 but is generally very rare in coastal Salento. In contrast, southerly sirocco winds can bring warm temperatures of 20°C+ even during the midwinter months.

Alongside much of southern Italy, summers are hot, dry and sunny. While the seas which surround Salento moderate it from the extreme heat seen in Foggia and Basilicata, summer temperatures are still high with temperatures occasionally reaching 40°C or higher during heatwaves. Sirocco winds from the south occasionally deposit dust and sand from the Sahara in the coastal towns of Salento during such heatwaves. Humidity levels can be high and summer thunderstorms are not unknown.

Its borders are:
 Taranto, in the Province of Taranto
 Pilone, in the territory of Ostuni, in the Province of Brindisi
 Santa Maria di Leuca, in the Province of Lecce.

Cities and towns in Salento

Province of Lecce
Acquarica del Capo, Alessano, Alezio, Alliste, Andrano, Aradeo, Arnesano, Bagnolo del Salento, Botrugno, Calimera, Campi Salentina, Cannole, Caprarica di Lecce, Carmiano, Carpignano Salentino, Casarano, Castri di Lecce, Castrignano de' Greci, Castrignano del Capo, Castro, Cavallino, Collepasso, Copertino, Corigliano d'Otranto, Corsano, Cursi, Cutrofiano, Diso, Gagliano del Capo, Galatina, Galatone, Gallipoli, Giuggianello, Giurdignano, Guagnano, Lecce, Lequile, Leverano, Lizzanello, Maglie, Martano, Martignano, Matino, Melendugno, Melissano, Melpignano, Miggiano, Minervino di Lecce, Monteroni di Lecce, Montesano Salentino, Morciano di Leuca, Muro Leccese, Nardò, Neviano, Nociglia, Novoli, Ortelle, Otranto, Palmariggi, Parabita, Patù, Poggiardo, Porto Cesareo, Presicce, Racale, Ruffano, Salice Salentino, Salve, San Cassiano, San Cesario di Lecce, San Donato di Lecce, San Pietro in Lama, Sanarica, Sannicola, Santa Cesarea Terme, Scorrano, Seclì, Sogliano Cavour, Soleto, Specchia, Spongano, Squinzano, Sternatia, Supersano, Surano, Surbo, Taurisano, Taviano, Tiggiano, Trepuzzi, Tricase, Tuglie, Ugento, Uggiano la Chiesa, Veglie, Vernole, Zollino.

Province of Brindisi
Brindisi, Carovigno, Cellino San Marco, Erchie, Francavilla Fontana, Latiano, Mesagne, Oria, Ostuni, San Donaci, San Michele Salentino, San Pancrazio Salentino, San Pietro Vernotico, San Vito dei Normanni, Torchiarolo, Torre Santa Susanna, Villa Castelli.

Province of Taranto
Avetrana, Carosino, Faggiano, Fragagnano, Grottaglie, Leporano, Lizzano, Manduria, Maruggio, Monteiasi, Monteparano, Pulsano, Roccaforzata, San Giorgio Ionico, San Marzano di San Giuseppe, Sava, Taranto, Torricella.

Language

In Salentino, the Salentino dialect of Extreme Southern Italian is predominantly spoken, although an old Hellenic dialect (known as Griko) is also spoken in a few inland towns.

Transportation
The nearest international airports are those of Brindisi and Bari (the latter is out of Salento but not far).

A 2-lane freeway connects Salento to Bari. The main railway line ends at Lecce. Other locations are served by regional railroads.

Leisure ports are those of: Taranto, Brindisi, Campomarino di Maruggio's tourist and leisure Marina, Gallipoli, Santa Maria di Leuca, Otranto.

Coastal towers
The coastal towers in Salento are coastal watchtowers, as the peninsula's coast was long subject to maritime attacks by the Saracens. The first towers may have been built by Normans. The remaining historic towers are mostly from the 15th and 16th centuries. Many are now in ruins.

Food and gastronomy
Some of the popular dishes from the Salento area include:
 Orecchiette, 'ear-shaped' pasta, often cooked with tomato sauce and a strong creamy cheese called ricotta schianta, or with rapini
 Parmigiana di melanzane, made with aubergines, tomato sauce and cheese like mozzarella and Parmigiano Reggiano cheese.
 Pitta di patate, a savoury pie made with mashed potatoes.
Turcinieddhri, also known as Gnummareddi, grilled lamb offal.
 Purciaddruzzi, fried hand-made small cookies with honey, eaten during Christmas time.

Tourism
In the province of Lecce, the Ciolo cave is one of the main tourist destinations.

Festivals
Salento's sagre food festivals show off local cuisine, cooking traditions and local culture. These communal feasts are vibrant, welcoming occasions that provide an introduction to Salento's cuisine.

Salento is a major holiday destination for the Italian gay population, developing around the southern town of Gallipoli, the lidos at Baia Verde and nearby naturist beaches. Salento Pride is celebrated annually.

Gallery

See also

 Grecìa Salentina
 Salentino dialect
 Magna Grecia
 Catepanate of Italy

References

Peninsulas of Italy
Landforms of Apulia
Province of Lecce
Province of Brindisi
Province of Taranto
Adriatic Sea

Salento


Victor Samuel Johnson Sr. (February 6, 1882 – August 29, 1943) was an American businessman who founded Aladdin Industries, best known as manufacturers of kerosene mantle lamps.

In 1904, he was a bookkeeper and salesman for the Iowa Soap Company in Burlington, Iowa. After seeing German kerosene lamp models that were more efficient than American models, he formed the Western Lighting Company in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1907 and began selling the better lamps. On February 27, 1908 he incorporated The Mantle Lamp Company of America.

Early in 1909 Johnson introduced the Aladdin lamp, which succeeded beyond all expectations and led to subsequent improved models over the next 40 years.

After Johnson's unexpected death in 1943, his son, Victor S. Johnson Jr. succeeded him and expanded the company.

External links
History of the Aladdin Lamp Company, via Survival Unlimited (archived)

1882 births
1943 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
People from Minden, Nebraska

Victor S. Johnson Sr.


In electronic audio technology, a patch point is a connection that allows a signal to be withdrawn from a device, modified in some way, and returned.  This can, for example, be done using a phone connector, using the tip of the plug for the outgoing mono signal, and the ring for the returning signal, a configuration known as "tip send, ring return". Commonly known as an insert on professional audio mixing consoles.

References

Audiovisual connectors

Patch point


Mendham Borough is a borough in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 4,981, unchanged from the 2010 census, which in turn reflected a decline of 116 (−2.3%) from the 5,097 counted in the 2000 census. Located in the Raritan Valley region within the New York Metropolitan area, the North Branch of the Raritan River begins in Mendham Borough and flows in a southwest direction towards neighboring Somerset County.

Located on the northern end of the Somerset Hills region, the borough is known for its country homes and historic downtown.

The Mendham Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and the state register in 1985. Notable landmarks in the district include the Phoenix House, which serves as the borough's municipal building, along with the Black Horse Inn Tavern & Pub; New Jersey's oldest continually operating restaurant, dating back to 1742.

New Jersey Monthly magazine ranked Mendham Borough as the number one place to live in the state in its 2013 rankings of the "Best Places to Live" in New Jersey.

In the Forbes magazine's 2006 (209th; median sale price of $835,000) and 2012 (356th; $800,672) rankings of the Most Expensive ZIP Codes in the United States, Mendham was listed among the top 500 nationwide.

Along with Mendham Township, the Mendhams have been described by The New York Times as "both affluent". The borough is one of the state's highest-income communities. Based on data from the American Community Survey (ACS) for 2014–2018, Mendham Borough residents had a median household income of $158,542, almost double the statewide median of $79,363.

History
Mendham Borough was incorporated by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on May 15, 1906, from portions of Mendham Township, because residents of what became the borough wanted sidewalks and street lights constructed while those that lived in what remained the township (including the communities of Brookside and Ralston) felt it was cost prohibitive in their more rural areas.

The formation of Mendham Borough from Mendham Township in 1906 began a series of new municipalities that were created in the Somerset Hills region.

Located on the borough's southern slope of Bernardsville Mountain in the Somerset Hills lies Wendover, the former estate of investment banker Walter Bliss. One of the largest mansions in the Mendhams, Wendover is now home to the Roxiticus Golf Club.

Phoenix House was purchased by Arthur Whitney of Mendham Township in 1919 and deeded to the borough in 1938 for use as its municipal building.

Name
The Mendhams may be named for Mendham, Suffolk, England, or the name may derive from the Native American word mendom (meaning "raspberry") or for an Earl of Mendham.

Historic district

The Mendham Historic District is a  historic district located along stretches of Route 24, known in Mendham as Main Street. This east-west roadway is well over 200 years old, and has been called the Washington Turnpike, the Mendham-Morristown Road, and the William Penn Highway at various times in its history. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 18, 1985, for its significance in agriculture, commerce, architecture, settlement, and religion from 1750 to 1924. The district includes 140 contributing buildings. Since 1999, Mendham Borough has had a Historic Preservation Ordinance designed and intended to enhance and preserve the district's historic character.

According to the National Park Service:

The Mendham Historic District consists of 140 properties, generally well preserved, that illustrate the history of the village from its eighteenth century founding through its 1906 incorporation as a borough, and into the first third of this century when infill building completed development within the historic bounds of the village. The District covers the central crossroads of the village, and extends as far as the area nineteenth century maps illustrate as "Mendham, P.O.", the village core containing the post office. The conjunction of religious, residential, and commercial buildings that have established Mendham's village character are well preserved today.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough had a total area of 5.98 square miles (15.49 km2), including 5.93 square miles (15.36 km2) of land and 0.05 square miles (0.13 km2) of water (0.84%).

Nestled on the northern end of the Somerset Hills, the borough is completely surrounded by the larger Mendham Township along with Bernardsville in Somerset County to the south.

An unnamed pond in the borough is the source of the Passaic River. The North Branch Raritan River also originates in the borough.

Demographics

2010 census
The 2010 United States census counted 4,981 people, 1,722 households, and 1,326 families in the borough. The population density was 837.1 per square mile (323.2/km2). There were 1,798 housing units at an average density of 302.2 per square mile (116.7/km2). The racial makeup was 95.70% (4,767) White, 1.02% (51) Black or African American, 0.04% (2) Native American, 2.05% (102) Asian, 0.08% (4) Pacific Islander, 0.18% (9) from other races, and 0.92% (46) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.71% (135) of the population.

Of the 1,722 households, 38.6% had children under the age of 18; 66.7% were married couples living together; 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present and 23.0% were non-families. Of all households, 20.3% were made up of individuals and 11.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.19.

28.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 16.8% from 25 to 44, 31.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.1 years. For every 100 females, the population had 91.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 83.5 males.

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $119,787 (with a margin of error of +/− $28,685) and the median family income was $155,139 (+/− $15,546). Males had a median income of $145,739 (+/− $16,687) versus $82,813 (+/− $42,257) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $51,875 (+/− $16,636). About 2.5% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Based on data from the 2006–2010 American Community Survey, the borough had a per-capita income of $51,875, ranked 89th in the state.

2000 census
As of the 2000 United States census there were 5,097 people, 1,781 households, and 1,380 families residing in the borough. The population density was . There were 1,828 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the borough was 97.14% White, 0.45% African American, 0.02% Native American, 1.41% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.27% from other races, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.45% of the population.

There were 1,781 households, out of which 36.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.3% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were same-sex couples. 18.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the borough the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.4 males.

The median income for a household in the borough was $110,348, and the median income for a family was $129,812. Males had a median income of $96,672 versus $48,542 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $48,629. About 2.6% of families and 4.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.3% of those under age 18 and 13.5% of those age 65 or over.

In 2000, Mendham Borough had the 44th-highest per capita income in the state.

Government

Local government
Mendham Borough is governed under the borough form of New Jersey municipal government, one of 218 municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use this form, the most commonly used form of government in the state. The governing body is comprised of a mayor and a borough council, with all positions elected at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. A mayor is elected directly by the voters to a four-year term of office. The borough council is comprised of six members elected to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle. The borough form of government used by Mendham Borough is a "weak mayor / strong council" government in which council members act as the legislative body with the mayor presiding at meetings and voting only in the event of a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances subject to an override by a two-thirds majority vote of the council. The mayor makes committee and liaison assignments for council members, and most appointments are made by the mayor with the advice and consent of the council.

The mayor is the head of the municipal government and as chief executive is responsible to see that all state laws and borough ordinances are faithfully executed. The mayor, presides over the borough council meetings and only votes in order to break a tie. The mayor can veto ordinances and appoint subordinate officials, ad hoc committees and certain other officials to boards, committees and commissions.

, the mayor is Republican Christine Serrano Glassner, whose term ends of office ends December 31, 2022; she is the first woman to serve as the borough's mayor. Members of the Borough Council are Council President Steven J. Andrew (R, 2024), John W. Andrews (R, 2023), Brad Badal (R, 2023), James R. Kelly (R, 2025), P. Brennan Reilly III (R, 2024) and Neil Sullivan (R, 2025).

In February 2022, the borough council selected Neil Sullivan from a list of three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2022 that had been held by Mary Sue Martin until she resigned from office the previous month.

In January 2019, the borough council appointed James Kelly to fill the term expiring in December 2019 that became vacant when Christine Glassner took office as mayor.

Federal, state, and county representation
Mendham Borough is located in the 7th Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 25th State Legislative District.

Politics
As of March 2011, there were a total of 3,701 registered voters in Mendham, of which 739 (20.0%) were registered as Democrats, 1,615 (43.6%) were registered as Republicans and 1,346 (36.4%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There was one voter registered to another party.

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 64.4% of the vote (1,666 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 35.0% (906 votes), and other candidates with 0.6% (15 votes), among the 2,598 ballots cast by the borough's 3,889 registered voters (11 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 66.8%. In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 57.4% of the vote (1,726 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 41.3% (1,243 votes) and other candidates with 0.6% (18 votes), among the 3,009 ballots cast by the borough's 3,854 registered voters, for a turnout of 78.1%. In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 61.1% of the vote (1,810 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 37.6% (1,113 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (30 votes), among the 2,964 ballots cast by the borough's 3,885 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 76.3.

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 80.0% of the vote (1,695 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 18.8% (399 votes), and other candidates with 1.2% (25 votes), among the 2,143 ballots cast by the borough's 3,851 registered voters (24 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 55.6%. In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 66.2% of the vote (1,541 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 24.1% (562 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 9.1% (213 votes) and other candidates with 0.2% (5 votes), among the 2,328 ballots cast by the borough's 3,735 registered voters, yielding a 62.3% turnout.

Education
Public school students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade attend the Mendham Borough Schools. As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of two schools, had an enrollment of 485 students and 53.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.1:1. Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics) are
Hilltop Elementary School with 241 students in grades PreK-4 and
Mountain View Middle School with 241 students in grades 5–8.

Students in public school for ninth through twelfth grades attend West Morris Mendham High School, which is located in Mendham Borough and serves students from Chester Borough, Chester Township, Mendham Borough and Mendham Township. The school is part of the West Morris Regional High School District, which also serves students from Washington Township at West Morris Central High School. As of the 2020–21 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 1,142 students and 91.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.4:1. The high school district's board of education is comprised of nine members who are elected directly by voters to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis. The nine seats on the board of education are allocated based on the populations of the constituent municipalities, with one seat assigned to Mendham Borough.

Saint Joseph School was a Catholic school established in 1963 and operated under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson that serves students in preschool through eighth grade. Founded in 1963, the school was recognized in 2012 by the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program.

The Westmont Montessori School, established in 1964, is the second-oldest Montessori school in New Jersey. It has served approximately 2,500 children ages 15 months to 6 years old in its 50-year history. Westmont is dually accredited by the American Montessori Society and the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools.

Until 2005, Mendham was home to the Assumption College for Sisters, a two-year women's college that is open to lay students as well as those pursuing religious lives, operated by the Sisters of Christian Charity; the school has moved to the Morris Catholic High School campus in Denville Township.

Transportation

Roads and highways
, the borough had a total of  of roadways, of which  were maintained by the municipality and  by Morris County.

No Interstate, U.S. or state highways pass through Mendham. The most significant roadways directly serving the borough are County Route 510 and County Route 525.

Public transportation
NJ Transit offered service on the MCM4 and MCM5 routes until 2010, when subsidies to the local provider were eliminated as part of budget cuts.

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Mendham Borough include:
 Jack Alexy (born 2003), competitive swimmer.
 George Dod Armstrong (1813–1899), Presbyterian minister and author
 Adam Boyd (1746–1835), politician who represented New Jersey in Congress from 1803 to 1805, and again from 1808 to 1813
 Neil Cavuto (born 1958), Fox News network host
 Abner Doubleday (1819–1893), Union Army General during the American Civil War and the subject of a myth regarding his supposed founding of baseball
 Maggie Doyne (born ), philanthropist recognized for her work developing an orphanage and school in the Kopila Valley of Nepal after spending time in that country during a gap year after completing high school
 Aura K. Dunn (born 1971), politician who has represented the 25th Legislative District in the New Jersey General Assembly
 William Hillcourt (1900-1992), Dane who founded Boy Scouts of America Troop 1 of Mendham in 1935 to test his theories of Scouting
 Robert Mulcahy (1932–2022), former athletic director at Rutgers University and former mayor
 Rosie Napravnik (born 1988), thoroughbred racehorse jockey

Notable businesses
Van Dessel Sports, bicycle brand.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Morris County, New Jersey

References

External links

 Mendham Borough website
 Mendham Borough Schools

 School Data for the Mendham Borough Schools, National Center for Education Statistics
 West Morris Mendham High School
 West Morris Regional High School District
 Daily Record regional area newspaper

1906 establishments in New Jersey
Borough form of New Jersey government
Boroughs in Morris County, New Jersey
Populated places established in 1906
National Register of Historic Places in Morris County, New Jersey
New Jersey Register of Historic Places
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in New Jersey

Mendham Borough, New Jersey


First Baptist Church Of Wetumpka is a Baptist church complex at 205 West Bridge Street in Wetumpka, Alabama. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention. It consisted of several connected buildings, centered on an original brick sanctuary building that was built from 1846 to 1852.  The original sanctuary was slated for demolition by May 2020 following tornado damage.  The grounds also include 1928–29 educational building, a 1959–60 second educational and office addition, a modern sanctuary built in 1967, and educational wing and fellowship hall that was completed in 1991. All of the buildings are centered on the original sanctuary and are linked together by a series of passages and corridors at the rear of the property.  The original sanctuary was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage in 1977 and the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

History
The church congregation traces its origins back to the Coosa River Baptist Church that was established in the area in May 1821.  The congregation relocated to Wetumpka in 1837 and combined with another existing congregation, renamed as the Coosa River Church of Wetumpka.  It assumed its current name of First Baptist Church Of Wetumpka in 1842.  Following major fires in the town during 1844 and again in 1845, the congregation began building a new brick building west of the river on property donated to them by Seth Paddock Storrs. Storrs was a member of the Presbyterian denomination, but was married to a devout Baptist woman from Massachusetts.

Construction of the historic brick sanctuary began in 1846, but proceeded slowly for several years due to funding issues.  Eventually the leaders of the church turned over fund-raising to the women of the congregation, who held "bake sales, picnics, barbecues and quilt sales" until the needed funding was raised to complete the building.  It was finished by the spring of 1852 and dedicated on July 11, 1852.  It was substantially altered in 1909 by leading Montgomery architect Frank Lockwood.  The alterations included an almost complete remodelling of the interior and the replacement of the Gothic Revival pointed arch windows with new round arched stained glass replacements.

Having outgrown the original building by the 1960s, the congregation had a new 687-seat capacity sanctuary constructed adjacent to the original.  It was built to the designs of Montgomery architect Tom B. Kirkland.  The new sanctuary was dedicated on July 11, 1967, exactly 115 years after the dedication of the original.  The original sanctuary was rarely used after this point and had substantially deteriorated by the 1990s due to a leaking roof.  The congregation, fearing the loss of the building, raised funds for a full restoration of the interior and exterior of what was now referred to as the "historic chapel."  It was completed in time for a rededication on July 11, 1998.

The original sanctuary suffered extensive damage on January 19, 2019, with the entire roof and belfry being removed by an EF2 tornado.  The majority of the congregation voted in 2020 to demolish the historic sanctuary.  A weakened support structure and mold were noted as primary concerns.  The historic stained glass windows and other artifacts were removed in late May 2020 in preparation for demolition.

See also
Historical Marker Database

References

External links

Baptist churches in Alabama
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Alabama
National Register of Historic Places in Elmore County, Alabama
Gothic Revival church buildings in Alabama
Neoclassical architecture in Alabama
Churches completed in 1852
Churches in Elmore County, Alabama
Properties on the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage
Historic American Buildings Survey in Alabama
Southern Baptist Convention churches
Neoclassical church buildings in the United States

First Baptist Church of Wetumpka


Contee della Carolina del Nord:
Alamance
Alexander
Alleghany
Anson
Ashe
Avery
Beaufort
Bertie
Bladen
Brunswick
Buncombe
Burke
Cabarrus
Caldwell
Camden
Carteret
Caswell
Catawba
Chatham
Cherokee
Chowan
Clay
Cleveland
Columbus
Craven
Cumberland
Currituck
Dare
Davidson
Davie
Duplin
Durham
Edgecombe
Forsyth
Franklin
Gaston
Gates
Graham
Granville
Greene
Guilford
Halifax
Harnett
Haywood
Henderson
Hertford
Hoke
Hyde
Iredell
Jackson
Johnston
Jones
Lee
Lenoir
Lincoln
Macon
Madison
Martin
McDowell
Mecklenburg
Mitchell
Montgomery
Moore
Nash
New Hanover
Northampton
Onslow
Orange
Pamlico
Pasquotank
Pender
Perquimans
Person
Pitt
Polk
Randolph
Richmond
Robeson
Rockingham
Rowan
Rutherford
Sampson
Scotland
Stanly
Stokes
Surry
Swain
Transylvania
Tyrrell
Union
Vance
Wake
Warren
Washington
Watauga
Wayne
Wilkes
Wilson
Yadkin
Yancey

Altri progetti

Carolina del Nord

Contee della Carolina del Nord


Francesco Cocco-Ortu (October 1842 in Benetutti – March 1929 in Rome) was an Italian politician, deputy of the Kingdom of Italy.

Biography
Cocco-Ortu was born in Sardinia, he was a minister of Trade, Industry and Agriculture of the Kingdom of Italy under the governments ruled by  Antonio Starabba and Giovanni Giolitti, and later he was elected Minister of Justice during the Giuseppe Zanardelli's government. He was also Mayor of Cagliari.

He founded the Corpo degli Ispettori del Lavoro (Corporation of Labour Inspectors) of in 1906, an authority instituted to counter labour exploitation, in particular child labour.

He was one of the few liberals who voted against the Mussolini's government, he resigned his office as President of the Liberal Party after the Mussolini's election.

Bibliography
M. Sagrestani, Francesco Cocco Ortu. Un protagonista dell'Italia liberale, Firenze 2003

References

1842 births
1929 deaths
Italian Liberal Party politicians
20th-century Italian politicians
Zanardelli Cabinet
Mayors of Cagliari

Francesco Cocco-Ortu


Alex Rider is a series of spy novels written by British author Anthony Horowitz. The novels revolve around a teenage spy named Alex Rider and is primarily aimed towards young adults. The series currently comprises fourteen novels, as well as six graphic novels, seven short stories, and a supplementary book.

The first novel, Stormbreaker, was released in the United Kingdom in the year 2000 and was adapted into a film in 2006, starring Alex Pettyfer as the titular protagonist. The second and fourth books were adapted into a TV series in 2020 and 2021 respectively, this time starring Otto Farrant. Walker Books published the first novels in the United Kingdom alongside Puffin in the United States, but more recent entries in the series were published by Philomel Books, an imprint of Penguin Books.

Novels

List
Stormbreaker - released 4 September 2000. Adapted as a graphic novel, released 3 July 2006.
Point Blanc - released 3 September 2001. Adapted as a graphic novel, released 27 December 2007.
Skeleton Key - released 8 July 2002. Adapted as a graphic novel, released 7 September 2009.
Eagle Strike - released 7 April 2003. Adapted as a graphic novel, released 6 July 2012.
Scorpia - released 1 April 2004. Adapted as a graphic novel, released February 2016.
Ark Angel - released 1 April 2005. Adapted as a graphic novel, released May 2020.
Snakehead - released 31 October 2007.
Crocodile Tears - released 10 November 2009.
Scorpia Rising - released 21 March 2011 in Australia, 22 March 2011 in the US and 31 March 2011 in the UK.
Russian Roulette - released 12 September 2013.
Never Say Die - released 1 June 2017 in the UK and 10 October 2017 in the US.
Secret Weapon - released 4 April 2019.
Nightshade - released 2 April 2020 in the UK and 7 April 2020 in the US.
Nightshade Revenge - released 7 September 2023 in the UK.

Stormbreaker

Stormbreaker was first published in the year 2000, in the United Kingdom, and then in the year 2001 in the United States. Alex, the main character, is recruited by MI6 after discovering the truth about his uncle's life and death. He is sent to complete his uncle's latest mission: to investigate a Lebanese multimillionaire named Herod Sayle and his creation: the revolutionary and newly-developed computer called Stormbreaker - which Sayle is donating to every school in England. Alex discovers that the Stormbreaker computers contain a lethal variation of smallpox and that Sayle plans to ruthlessly kill thousands of schoolchildren around the country with it. Alex foils the plan and succeeds on his first mission.

Point Blanc

Point Blanc was published in the United Kingdom in 2001, and in North America in 2002 under the alternate title Point Blank. After the deaths of two billionaires, MI6 discovers a connection: the two men who died each had a son attending Point Blanc, a school for rebellious sons of billionaires located in the French Alps, owned by Dr. Hugo Grief. MI6 sends Alex to investigate Point Blanc, where he discovers that Grief is replacing the students with clones of himself, who are altered through plastic surgery to resemble the students, including Alex himself, so Grief can inherit the fortune and gain the power to control the whole world. However, Alex foils his plan.

Skeleton Key

Skeleton Key was published in 2002. After foiling a Triad plot to fix the 2001 Wimbledon tennis tournament and befriending Sabina, Alex is in grave danger of assassination. Forced to leave the country, MI6 sends him on a mission to Cuba with two doubtful CIA agents, of whom he is the sole survivor. He encounters former Soviet general Alexei Sarov, who tries to adopt Alex and expresses ideas of a nuclear holocaust and world domination under communist rule. Alex then foils his plans saving the world for a third time.

Eagle Strike
Eagle Strike was published in 2003. Popstar Damian Cray hopes to destroy the drug-making countries of the world by hijacking the United States nuclear arsenal. Suspicious of him, Alex takes Cray on without the help of the sceptical MI6. Cray releases a state-of-the-art games console called the 'Gameslayer.' with its first game, 'Feathered Serpent', being much more than it seems. Alex uncovers a plot involving the US government and the international community but is caught spying and forced into a real-life version of 'Feathered Serpent' which he manages to escape by cheating. He leaves Damian Cray's mansion after stealing a piece of equipment vital to Damian's plan but is forced to give it up because Damian kidnaps Alex's girlfriend, Sabina. The two enter Air Force One, where Damian Cray launches nuclear missiles at the drug-supplying countries. Cray kills Yassen Gregorovich, but soon after Alex pushes Cray to his death. He then stops the missiles before they can hit their targets. Just before dying, Gregorovich tells Alex to look for a criminal organization called Scorpia, a group he claims his father worked for. The book was adapted as the basis for the second season of the Alex Rider television series.

Scorpia
Scorpia was published in 2004. Following the advice of the assassin Yassen Gregorovich, Alex seeks the criminal organization Scorpia to find the truth about his father. He is soon recruited by Scorpia executive Julia Rothman, and he is trained as an assassin before being ordered to kill Mrs. Jones. He fails in this mission but realigns with MI6 after learning that thousands of schoolchildren in London would die if he did not help them. Alex is returned to Scorpia as a double agent and discovers the broadcasting dishes that Scorpia intends to use to kill their targets, including Alex, as he was injected at their training school in Malagosto, which are later lifted into the sky by a hot air balloon. Rothman's henchman, Nile, tries to stop Alex, but he is afraid of heights, causing him to slip and fall to his death after being taunted by Alex. Alex manages to stop the death of the schoolchildren while Rothman herself is killed when the dish equipment falls on top of her. At the end of the novel, Mrs. Jones and Alan Blunt tell Alex the truth about his father; he was an MI6 agent working as a double agent in Scorpia attempting to take down the organization. They also explain his parents' death, ordered by Julia Rothman after she was noted of his father's treachery along with the true details of the event that happened on Albert Bridge. As Alex leaves Liverpool Street, a Scorpia sniper shoots him.

Ark Angel

Ark Angel, published in 2005, follows Alex's second mission for the CIA. After recovering from a Scorpia assassination attempt, he is sent to investigate businessman Nikolei Drevin, who built a hotel in outer space called "Ark Angel." The hotel was ultimately left unfinished due to high expenses. After Alex's cover is blown, Drevin learns that the CIA is gathering evidence against him and plans to retaliate by attacking the Pentagon. Drevin is killed and Alex is sent into space, moving the bomb to prevent the wreckage from entering the atmosphere.

Snakehead
Snakehead was published in 2007. Taking place directly after Ark Angel, the novel sees Alex crash land in Australia. There, he is recruited by ASIS, Australia's secret service, to infiltrate a Snakehead organization by posing as an Afghan refugee. He meets his godfather, Ash, while preparing in Thailand, and they team up. The Snakehead organization and its leader, Major Winston Yu, a Scorpia board member, reportedly stole a powerful bomb called Royal Blue, which MI6 wants to intercept. During a joint British-Australian attack on Major Yu's oil rig, Ash and Alex find Royal Blue, but are apprehended by Yu, who later reveals his plan to destroy an island hosting an international summit. Ash is revealed to be an employee of Yu and is killed in the conflict over Royal Blue. Before death, Ash confesses to being  ordered by Julia Rothman to murder Alex's parents. Yu tries to escape before the bomb detonates but is ultimately the sole casualty of Royal Blue's shockwave.

Crocodile Tears
Crocodile Tears was published in 2009. It begins with Alex's girlfriend, Sabina, and her family visiting the UK from San Francisco. Alex goes to Scotland with them. They go to millionaire Desmond McCain's mansion for a New Year party, but after Alex offends McCain in a game of poker, their 2007 Nissan X-Trail falls into the lagoon. Alex is rescued by a man whose identity is later revealed as Rahim, an Indian RAW agent sent to kill McCain. Alex is recruited by MI6 to investigate McCain but is captured by him. He is taken to Kenya where he learns that McCain will poison Kenya, killing its inhabitants and animals and collecting 'charity money' that he will collect for personal benefit. Alex is nearly killed by McCain but saved by Rahim. Alex ultimately foils McCain's plan, but as they escape, McCain kills Rahim, who Alex then kills and then ventures back to England.

Scorpia Rising
Scorpia Rising was published in 2011. A Greek trillionaire, Yannis Ariston Xenopolos hires Scorpia to return the Elgin Marbles to Greece. Scorpia's plan includes the laying of a false trail to Cairo, Egypt, and blackmailing MI6 into returning the Marbles. MI6 falls for the trap and Alex is sent to Cairo, where he is dismayed to find that Scorpia has been pulling the strings all along. He also meets Julius Grief, his clone from Point Blanc who escaped from an MI6 prison in Gibraltar. He aims to personally kill Alex to avenge Dr Grief's death. Alex is captured by Scorpia, and manages to help his long-time friend and caregiver after his uncle's death, Jack, (who has also been captured) escape. Scorpia had anticipated this and had laid a trap for Jack. The news of her killing devastates Alex but he manages to stop Scorpia's plan and kills Julius. The book ends when Alex escapes and moves to San Francisco with Sabina's family, changing him forever and disallowing him to return to his spy life. Scorpia disbands after being beaten three times by a teenager, with most of its members being arrested and executed.

Russian Roulette
Russian Roulette was published in 2013. It is told from the point of view of the infamous contract killer, Yassen Gregorovich. It starts in a small, isolated Russian village where Yassen, known as Yasha, grew up. Yasha is a teenager with a best friend named Leo and parents working at a laboratory, living near Moscow. One day, Yasha's parents reveal that their lab's latest client bribed them into corruption and forced them to make weaponized anthrax to wipe out Russia's enemies. When the smallpox contaminated the lab and the village, Yasha's parents made their escape. Yasha's mother injects him with a vaccine and dies of smallpox while his father dies from a bullet wound. He escapes with Leo, who dies of anthrax under a highway. He travels by train to Moscow, where he meets his parents' friend, a Professor at a school, who betrays him and has him arrested. He escapes the guards and realizes he was robbed by a boy he met earlier at the train station. He goes back and finds the boy and his crew, and they recruit him into their posse of street thieves. Months later, after being transformed into a skillful thief, attempts to rob a wealthy man named Vladimir Sharksvosky. He is captured and sent to work for Sharksvosky at his compound somewhere else in Russia. Before he becomes Vladimir's food tester, Sharksvosky forces him to play Russian Roulette to test his luck. Yasha survives, but when he is questioned, a mouth injury leads him to pronounce his name as "Yassen." Yassen is put to work for many years, often enduring the teasing of Sharksvosky's son Ivan, and being taught by his helicopter pilot. One day, Yassen overhears Sharksvosky reveal he was the client who had his parents' lab create anthrax and vows to one day kill him. Later, the helicopter pilot breaks the helicopter and kills Sharksvosky's usual mechanic in order to get his companion into the compound. The mechanic shoots Sharksvosky and one of the two guards, but the second is killed by Yassen, who steals a gun and holds the mechanic at gunpoint. He and the pilot are forced to take him to their organization, which is Scorpia. He is taken to Italy, where  Rothman tells him Sharksvosky is alive, kills the mechanic, and sends him to Malgasto, their terrorist school. Yassen is taught to be a model assassin, and assassin John Rider is assigned to look over him. In three assassination attempts, Yassen fails the first, John saves him in the second, and Yassen also fails the third. John tells him to run or Scorpia will kill him for failing. But after his departure, Yassen discovers he is a spy for MI6, and angrily heads to Sharksvosky's compound. Using his expert skills to sneak in, Yassen plays Russian Roulette with Sharksvosky, with only one round not containing a bullet this time, miraculously survives, and kills Sharksvosky. Before leaving, he also brutally kills Ivan. Since then, he rejoins Scorpia, kills many others, and then fails to kill Alex Rider after the young agent foils Stormbreaker, and in the end sacrifices himself for Alex, remembering how John saved his life once.

Never Say Die
Never Say Die was published in June 2017 with a US release in October 2017. After the events of Scorpia Rising, Alex is left traumatized by the death of his caregiver and close friend, Jack Starbright. After being given a glimmer of hope about her survival, through an unknown email, Alex is thrust into the horrors of his past in a battle to recover his friend from the dead. Along the way, he encounters new foes (associated with Scorpia) who are nothing like anyone he has battled before. He foils their plans of making rich parents pay to get their children back (after kidnapping the children) so they could become millionaires. In the process, he finds Jack, who then helps him free the children. He then manages to derail a steam locomotive with an improvised bomb (Thermos with diesel in it), thus killing his foes who were chasing after him in it.

Secret Weapon
Secret Weapon was published in 2019. A collection of seven adventures that Alex Rider experienced outside of the missions assigned to him by MI6. These stories occur throughout the series. Four of these short stories were already previously released by author Anthony Horowitz, but "Alex In Afghanistan", "Tea with Smithers" and "Spy Trap" were all written exclusively for this collection.

Nightshade
Nightshade was published in 2020. Alex is battling against a new criminal organization, Nightshade (after the downfall of Scorpia) which Mrs. Jones had been reading a document about at the end of Never Say Die. After the assassination of an MI6 agent in Rio de Janeiro, one of the assassins is caught. It is a 15-year-old boy - Frederick Grey - who was presumed dead. The dead agent's final words tell about a terrorist attack by Nightshade. Mrs. Jones recognizes her daughter, Sofia, when she sees a picture of Grey's escaped partner. Alex is sent by Mrs. Jones to pretend to be Julius Grief at the Gibraltar prison, where Julius was before escaping at the start of Scorpia Rising, and where Frederick is being held; the mission is to learn about the organization Frederick works for. Unable to get the right information, when Alex becomes friends with Frederick, he decides to escape with Frederick and then infiltrate Nightshade's base of operations, an abandoned military base in Crete. There, he learns that Nightshade is using twenty-three brainwashed children (originally 25 but 2 were killed in a "training accident") to work as mercenaries for a group of four Americans calling themselves the "Teachers". Alex's cover is blown by Nightshade's client, and he is used as a distraction while Frederick, Sofia, and 'Number Eleven' try to kill many at St Paul's Cathedral. Alex prevents that by disabling the Teacher's communication system with their child agents. Alex tries to help Fredrick after his capture and promises Mrs. Jones to help her find 'Nightshade', who still has her son, William, as an agent, not knowing that 'Nightshade' is already plotting revenge against Alex.

Nightshade Revenge
Nightshade Revenge was published in September 2023. In New York an ex-CIA agent is murdered while investigating 'Real Time' a gaming company specialized in Augmented Reality. In London; Alex's best friend Tom Harris is abducted. Alex is blackmailed by Nightshade Teacher 'Brother Mike' to help them free their agent Freddy Grey. Alex has no choice and smuggles a 3D printed plastic gun into the army facility holding Freddy. On Alex's suggestion Freddy holds him hostage and they escape to an airfield. There Alex watches Tom get shot by Freddy after which he leaves with Brother Mike. Alex tries to stop them from flying off, but fails. Tom is revealed to be alive and they discover that Freddy only pretended to kill Tom to save his life and be able to infiltrate Nightshade again. He even left a clue for Alex and MI6 to follow him. Still hoping to rescue Mrs Jones' son William from Nightshade, Alex and Ben Daniels travel to Nice. There they meet with Wilbur White, a rich art dealer whose son had an accident while playing 'Eden Fall' Real Time's popular AR game. He hired an investigator, revealed to be the man who was murdered by Nightshade at the start of the novel. White's villa is destroyed by Nightshade after which Alex and Ben travel to San Francisco following Freddy's clue and the location where White's son died. In California Alex and Ben discover that White's son died because the AR showed him a bridge that wasn't really there. Meeting the Pleasure family again; Edward tells Alex about Jon Lucas, a young philanthropist who used to work for Rudolph Klein, the CEO of Real Time. Lucas tells Alex and Edward that the accident involving White's son wasn't the only one and that Real Time is keeping the accidents secret. Especially with their newest game update Blue Devil coming up. Lucas helps Alex gain entry to the Arena where he and other players test the newest update of Eden Fall after meeting Klein and confronting him about the accidents. Alex escapes from the arena where Nightshade agents try to kill him. When he figures out what is really going on, he is captured by Brother Mike and taken to El Dorado, a mockup Western town owned by Nightshade's new client: Jon Lucas. He tells Alex he wants the Market Share and power of Real Time for himself and hacked their AG. Tomorrow when the newest update goes live, a bug in the system will lead thousands of players to their deaths. The public outcry of these accidents will bankrupt Real Time, giving Lucas the opportunity to buy it over and merge it with his own company. Freddy meanwhile has been trying to get Number seven, who is actually Mrs' Jones' son William, to join Alex and him to free the Numbers from the teachers. However the Teachers discover that Tom Harris is alive and that Freddy had lied to them. Forcing Alex and Freddy to have a Shootout at El Dorado the next morning. Ben Daniels got Alex' information and tries to have the CIA help Alex, instead their new boss wants to kill Nightshade in one fell stroke and destroy El Dorado. That Night Alex gives William a picture of him and his mother in the hope to trigger child hood memories. The next morning people all over the world start playing Eden's fall unaware that the game is leading them to dangerous situations. Freddy and Alex each are given a pistol to shoot one another in a true Western Duel style. However, Freddy shoots Brother MIke in the head and Alex shoots Lucas's leg. At that moment William shoots the other teachers and the Numbers attack their captors. Ben Daniels arrives to warn them of the air strike that's coming. Alex holds Lucas at gunpoint and orders him to stop the bugs from killing people while the Numbers fight the remaining Nightshade employees. When the airstrike commences Alex, Ben and the numbers escape through an old mine while Lucas stays behind, choosing to die in the airstrike instead of going to jail. When they come up Alex sees that Freddy was shot during the fight. He tells them that he didn't believe that he would make it in the world after all that Nightshade made him do and is glad that Alex was his friend. He dies in Alex's arms. In the aftermath Mrs Jones decides to resign so she can be there for her children who are both being treated. Alex walks out hoping to never have to work for MI6 again.

Franchise

Supplementary books
 The Gadgets - showing technical data of some of the gadgets (17 October 2005)
 The Mission Files - Showing mission data from books 1-7 (6 October 2008)
 Stormbreaker: Behind the Scenes - Information from the film adaptation (2006)
 Stormbreaker: The Official Script - The script of the film adaptation (2006)

Short stories
 Secret Weapon - published 9 February 2003 in The Sunday Times (post-Skeleton Key)
 Incident in Nice - published 9 November 2009 in The Times (post-Point Blanc)
 Alex Underground - published 8 August 2008 in the News of the World Summer Reading Special (post-Ark Angel)
 A Taste of Death - published online March 2012 for World Book Day (post-Point Blanc)

Christmas at Gunpoint was later published as part of The Mission Files, material from which was included in Secret Weapon, along with new material published on April 4, 2019, and which were made available on Anthony Horowitz's website.
Spy Trap- This takes place following Skeleton Key. Alex wakes up in a hospital abbey where they claim to heal M16 agents. The place claims Alex was in a motor accident, but they claim things that do not add up. Alex ends up telling a lot about himself. He finds out that the Doctor (Feng) is lying (a) it's Pethanol not vitamins in the apple juice (b) There is a mysterious passenger and (c) Feng does not know who Alan Blunt, head of MI6, is. Alex has a nightmare every night about a clown. He decides to go exploring. First he finds John Crawley. He then gets a flashback of being in a car with Crawley and Karl (Head of Security). On a country road they drive into a semi with the clown from Alex's nightmares. Alex finds his phone (Feng claimed it was smashed) and sends Jack Starbright a message. Alex is forced to run from the hospital people and M16 finds him and he goes home.
This concludes Alex Rider Secret Adventure.

Additional material
 Resistance to Interrogation, an extra chapter in Stormbreaker
 Coda, an extra chapter in Snakehead
 The White Carnation, an extra chapter in Russian Roulette (June 2014)

Resistance to Interrogation and Coda are available on the author's website and have all been included in certain editions of that book except Resistance to Interrogation, which was included in certain editions of Never Say Die. The White Carnation was later included in the short story collection Alex Rider: Undercover, which was published exclusively for World Book Day 2020.

In other media

Video game

A video game based on the film was released on 7 July 2006, which received negative reviews.

Film

Horowitz wrote the screenplay for the feature film Stormbreaker, directed by Geoffrey Sax. Stormbreaker was an international co-production between companies and financiers from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany, and released on 21 July 2006. Intended to be the first entry in a film franchise, Stormbreaker grossed between $20.7 and $23.9 million worldwide upon its theatrical release, failing to recoup its $40 million budget and making the film a box office bomb.

Television series

In May 2017, it was announced that ITV was developing a television adaptation of the Alex Rider novels. The series is being produced by Eleventh Hour Films, with Tutankhamen screenwriter and novelist Guy Burt acting as showrunner. Eleventh Hour Films is run by Horowitz's wife Jill Green.

In July 2018, it was reported that Sony Pictures Television had replaced ITV as Eleventh Hour Film's distribution and financial partner for a new Alex Rider television series. Sony Pictures Television's international and worldwide distribution divisions under Wayne Garvie and Keith Le Goy were attached to the film series. Burt had adapted Point Blanc, the second book in the Alex Rider novel series, for television. Horowitz will serve as executive producer for the series.

The first season was released on Amazon Prime Video in the United Kingdom on 4 June 2020. In New Zealand, the television series is distributed by TVNZ+. On 10 November 2020, the series was officially renewed for a second season. It adapted the Alex Rider book Eagle Strike and was released on 3 December 2021.

See also

 CHERUB
 Henderson's Boys
 James Bond Jr.
 Young Bond
 Jimmy Coates
 Cody Banks
 Spy School
 Brooks Brothers
 Spy High

References

External links

Book series introduced in 2000
Young adult novel series
British novels adapted into films
British novels adapted into television shows

Alex Rider


Neptune (Latin: Neptūnus) is the god of water and the sea in ancient Roman religion and mythology. His Greek equivalent is the god Poseidon. The Roman conception of Neptune was mainly influenced by the Etruscan god Nethuns. Neptune was associated with fresh water as well as the sea, while Oceanus was the god of the world-ocean. Like his Greek equivalent, Neptune was also worshipped by the Romans as the god of horses, and, under the name Neptune Equester, he was a patron god of horse-racing.

The planet Neptune is named after this Roman god.

References

 Poseidon -- Greek version of Neptune

Roman gods and goddesses
Gods and goddesses of water

Neptune (mythology)


Abraham de Balmes ben Meir (born at Lecce, in the kingdom of Naples; died at Venice, 1523)  was an Italian Jewish physician and translator of the early 16th century.

A short time before his death he was physician in ordinary to the cardinal Dominico Grimani at Padua. See Steinschneider, "Hebr. Bibl." xxi. 7 and 67; "Hebr. Uebers." p. 62; Perles, "Beiträge," pp. 193, 197, etc.

Through his Latin translations of many Hebrew works on philosophy and astronomy he attained a great reputation in the Christian world. He dedicated to Cardinal Grimani two of these translations: (1) of an astronomical work in Arabic by Ibn al-Heitham (died 1038), which had been translated into Hebrew by Jacob ben Machir, in 1372, under the title "Liber de Mundo"; (2) of the "Farewell Letter" of the Arabic philosopher Ibn Bajjah (Avempace), which he translated from the Hebrew under the title "Epistolæ Expeditionis" (MS. Vat. No. 3897. The dedication is published in "Revue des Études Juives," v. 145). In Padua Abraham delivered philosophical addresses to Christian audiences.

He also compiled a  book on Hebrew grammar, in which he attempted to treat philosophically the construction of the Hebrew language and to refute the opinions of the eminent grammarian David Kimhi. In this work Abraham was the first to treat the syntax (which he called in Hebrew harkabah) as a special part of the grammar. The book was published, with a Latin translation and a supplementary treatise on the Hebrew accents, under the title "Miḳneh Abram," by Maestro (Calo) Ḳalonymos ben David, a well-known translator. Grätz ("Gesch. der Juden," ix. 215) suggests, without evidence, that the printer Daniel Bomberg (who is supposed to have learned Hebrew from Balmes) translated this grammar.

At his death, honors were paid to his memory by his Christian pupils.

References
Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 667;
idem, Hebr. Uebers. §§ 206, 348, 581;
idem, Bibliographisches Handbuch, No. 164, Leipsic, 1859;
T. Willesz's dissertation, Budapest, 1895

Further Bibliography

Saverio Campanini, , in «Annali di Ca' Foscari» XXXVI, 3, Serie orientale 28 (1997), pp. 5–49.

References
Source (jewishencyclopedia.com)

16th-century Italian physicians
16th-century Jewish physicians
16th-century Italian Jews
Hebrew–Latin translators
Medieval Hebraists
Grammarians of Hebrew
Grammarians from Italy
Year of birth unknown
1523 deaths
People from Lecce

Abraham de Balmes


Thomas Weir Pauken (born January 11, 1944) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party.

Pauken is a former member and chairman of the Texas Workforce Commission. A former long-term resident of Dallas, who now resides in the resort community of Port Aransas in Nueces County on the Texas Gulf Coast, Pauken is a businessman, lawyer, and the author of two books. He served as chairman of the Texas Republican Party from 1994 to 1997 during the transition period when the party leaped quickly from minority to majority status at the statewide level. A staunch conservative, Pauken also served on President Ronald W. Reagan's White House staff.

On August 21, 2006, Governor Rick Perry named Pauken to chairman the Texas Task Force on Appraisal Reform (TFAR) to study and make recommendations on how to address Texans' continuing concerns over property appraisals. In March 2008, Perry appointed Pauken chairman of the Texas Workforce Commission (TWC), which administers state unemployment compensation benefits, provides workforce development services, and maintains and issues state labor market data.

During his time as TWC chairman, which ended in May 2012, Pauken oversaw the development of the Texas Back to Work program and the Texas Veterans Leadership Program (TVLP).

He was a candidate for governor in 2014 but withdrew early in the contest and supported Greg Abbott, the state attorney general and the party nominee in the November 4 general election.

Education and personal life
Pauken was born on January 11, 1944, in Victoria, Texas. A graduate of the Jesuit High School in Dallas, Pauken attended Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., from which he received his Bachelor of Arts in political science in 1965. From 1967 to 1970, he served in the United States Army, with a tour of duty in Vietnam. He obtained his Juris Doctor degree from Southern Methodist University in Dallas in 1973.

Pauken is married to Ida Ayala, and the couple has seven children: Thomas, Michelle, Angela, Elizabeth, Daniel, Monica, and Victoria. The Paukens are Roman Catholic.

Georgetown University, College Republicans, Vietnam
Pauken entered Georgetown University in 1961 and became involved in politics as a "foot soldier in a small but growing conservative army" that was known for their support of the U.S. Senator Barry M. Goldwater.

Pauken was elected national chairman of College Republicans and served from 1965 to 1967. The issue of the Vietnam War dominated his time as chairman; Pauken organized the bipartisan National Student Committee for the Defense of Vietnam. The group collected more than half a million signatures from students across the nation for a petition expressing support for American soldiers in Vietnam that was presented to Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey.

Upon completion of his term as the chairman of College Republicans, Pauken enlisted in the Army, because "I knew . . . I would be nothing but a hypocrite if I ducked my own obligation to serve." Pauken served as a military intelligence officer in Vietnam and returned to America at the end of December, 1969

Reagan White House
Pauken was asked to serve on President Reagan's transition team after the 1980 election. On February 3, 1981, Pauken was nominated by Reagan to serve as director of the ACTION agency, now known as AmeriCorps. Under Pauken's leadership, the staff at ACTION was reduced from 1,000 to 500 and the budget was reduced 25%, from $160 million to $120 million. Pauken also ended ACTION's funding of liberal organizations, many of whom had ties to Saul Alinsky.

During his tenure at ACTION, Pauken established the Vietnam Veterans Leadership Program" an organization "created for Vietnam Veterans and led by Vietnam Veterans who were committed to helping our fellow veterans who were unemployed, underemployed, or who had lingering problems associated with their Vietnam experience."

At ACTION, Pauken oversaw the implementation of the Just Say No to Drugs program in which Nancy Reagan served as chief spokeswoman. He was awarded the Ronald Reagan Medal of Honor by Reagan administration alumni.

In 1985, Pauken left the Reagan administration to return to Texas to enter private business. He joined a Dallas-based venture capital company in 1986.

Chairmanship of the Texas GOP
In 1994, Pauken was elected chairman of his state party organization with strong support from Reagan conservatives and social conservatives disenchanted with the so-called "stand-patism" and moderation of the outgoing chairman, Fred Meyer,  an ally of former President George H. W. Bush. Pauken won the chairmanship by defeating a last-minute challenge waged by still serving U.S. Representative Joe Barton of Ennis, whose district at the time stretched from the Dallas southern suburbs to Bryan-College Station.

During Pauken's tenure as chairman, the Republican Party gained majority status in Texas, and he was re-elected chairman in 1996.  He chaired the Texas delegation to the Republican National Convention in 1996.

The party continued to experience divisions between its establishment faction and its conservative wing. In 1996, Bill Price, a social conservative who had opposed Pauken when he ran for state chairman in 1994, led an effort to deny the naming of U.S. Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in San Diego, California, on the grounds that Hutchison is not pro-life.  Pauken supported the selection of Hutchison as a delegate to the national convention, and she was elected a delegate at the state convention. The issue became divisive at the state convention even though Senator Robert Dole already had secured enough delegates to win the Republican nomination for president.

Chairmanship of Texas Workforce Commission
Pauken served as chairman of Texas Workforce Commission from March 2008 through April 2012. Upon the completion of his tenure as chairman, Pauken remained at TWC as the commissioner representing employers. During his tenure he established the Texas Veterans Leadership Program (TVLP). TVLP is led and staffed by veterans of the wars of Iraq and Afghanistan and provides outreach to returning veterans from those wars aimed at helping the veterans to find employment. As of March 2012, about eight thousand returning veterans have received assistance from the program.

Pauken also initiated the creation of the Texas Back to Work program, which offers an incentive of up to $2,000 to employers for hiring qualified out-of-work Texans who lost their job through no fault of their own. More than 25,000 workers have obtained jobs through the program, which received the Unemployment Insurance Innovation Award for Reemployment in October 2010.

From the start of his tenure as chairman, Pauken has been a vocal advocate of the need to rebuild the American manufacturing industry and to place greater emphasis on the skilled trades, especially at the secondary school level.

Pauken announced his retirement from TWC effective March 1, 2013.

Political campaigns
In 1978, Pauken challenged the freshman Democratic Representative Jim Mattox of Dallas for Texas's 5th congressional district seat in the United States House of Representatives, a position held by earlier Republicans Bruce Reynolds Alger and Alan Steelman. Mattox was assisted in his campaign by visits from President Jimmy Carter and First Lady Rosalyn Smith Carter. Pauken offered a conservative alternative in sharp contrast to Mattox. The Democrat prevailed, with 35,524 votes (50 percent) to Pauken's 34,672 (49 percent). In their rematch in 1980, Pauken lost by 3,044 votes: 70,892 (51 percent) to 67,848 (49 percent). While Ronald Reagan was a winner in the Fifth District, he had no presidential coattails sufficient to lift Pauken to victory.

After the congressional losses, Pauken joined the transition team of President-elect Reagan. After his tenure at ACTION and his return to Texas, Reagan called upon Pauken again on April 22, 1987, to become a director of the Inter-American Foundation.

Pauken ran again for the U.S. House in a special election after Steve Bartlett resigned to run for mayor of Dallas. Sam Johnson defeated Pauken, with 24,004 votes (52.6 percent) to 21,647 (47.4 percent).

In 2010, Pauken endorsed Perry for renomination in his successful race against Senator Hutchison and for reelection in the fall campaign against the Democrat Bill White, a former mayor of Houston, Texas. However, Pauken remained neutral in Perry's unsuccessful bid for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination.

As book author
Pauken is the author of two books, The Thirty Years War: The Politics of the Sixties Generation and Bringing American Home: How America Lost Her Way and How We Can Find Our Way Back.

Published in 1995, The Thirty Years War is a memoir in which Pauken explains his involvement in politics beginning in the 1960s.  The book traces Pauken's early interest in politics as a debater at Jesuit High School in Dallas; his time at Georgetown in which he was embroiled in the campus conflicts over the Vietnam War; his service in Vietnam and frustration with the execution of the war; his work for and ultimate disillusionment with the Richard M. Nixon White House, and his time in Reagan administration when he was director of ACTION. The noted conservative reporter and commentator Robert Novak, wrote in a foreword to the book, that The Thirty Years War demonstrates how "Pauken believes in what he says, and performs accordingly..." Novak concluded by writing that "Tom Pauken cherishes and nourishes the dangerous idea that the Republican Party should stand for something. He gives every indication that after fighting for 30 years, he is just getting his second wind."

In Bringing America Home (2010), Pauken outlines what he believes to be the causes of America's economic downturn, misguided foreign policy, and moral decline. Like the columnist and former presidential candidate Patrick J. Buchanan, Pauken places much of the blame on neoconservatives within the Republican Party leadership. He outlines a plan for addressing the nation's ills rooted in the Founding Fathers and traditional conservative principles.  Booklist described the book as a "conservative manifesto of the highest caliber—humane, civilized, expressed by an active, living conscience." Bringing America Home argues that the George W. Bush presidential administration squandered the conservative political capital of the Goldwater-Reagan years.

As political commentator
Pauken is a frequent political commentator on Texas radio stations and television programs in addition to regular speeches to civic clubs and conventions. He is also a guest opinion column contributor to several Texas newspapers and blogs. Pauken is a regular contributor to Chronicles, a paleoconservative magazine published by the Rockford Institute in Rockford, Illinois.

On property taxation
On April 26, 2006, Pauken endorsed the Texas Tax Reform Commission's plan for property tax relief and business tax reform. A portion of his statement follows:

"Those who know me know that I have never been shy about encouraging elected leaders to adhere to the Republican Party's conservative philosophy when dealing with the issue of taxes. As former chairman of the Republican Party of Texas, a former member of the Reagan administration and a conservative, grassroots activist for more than four decades, I have been unequivocal in my support for conservative tax reform, even if the byproduct is a few ruffled feathers. There is no doubt that, if this plan flouted conservative principles, I would be among the first to publicly call for its defeat. Instead, I am urging lawmakers to adopt this plan as soon as possible because it would be a tremendous victory for Texas homeowners and taxpayers. At the same time, this legislation encourages job creation and economic growth, particularly in the manufacturing sector."

The proposal was adopted near the close of the special session of the Texas Legislature, which met a June 1, 2006, deadline, set by the Texas Supreme Court in regard to school funding.

On education reform
In mid-2012, Pauken emerged as a leading opponent of Texas' current model of mandatory testing and college preparation. Pauken contended a system of "test learning" de-emphasizes a more wholistic educational approach and leads to a higher number of dropouts. He proposed a multi-pathway system by which high school students can learn career-centric math and science skills, while earning certifications and licenses in their preferred fields. Each pathway would lead to the same diploma, and college preparation would still be an emphasis for students who wish to pursue higher education. Several of these reforms appeared in the Pauken-supported Texas House Bill 5, which became law in June 2013.

Pauken said in an op-ed appearing in the Texas Tribune: "For those on the career path, certification or licensure in their fields is the best way to show whether or not their education was successful. And for those going to a university, there is no reason we can't use the same tests that universities use in determining admission, like the SAT or ACT. Performance measures ought to be tied to the actual outcomes that we seek for our students."

2014 gubernatorial campaign
Pauken announced his gubernatorial candidacy on March 21, 2013. His decision to seek the governorship, he indicated, is not predicated on what other candidates may also enter the field, meaning Governor Perry, a potential candidate for reelection to a fourth full term, and Attorney General Greg Abbott, now in his third term in that position. Pauken said that he wants to end "crony capitalism" and repair long-term problems of public education.

"We just need a different style of leadership and a different approach to addressing the issues," Pauken said. He vowed to run a common-sense issues campaign, not one based on "consultant-driven sound bites".

He withdrew from the race on December 5, 2013, citing his "financial and organizational" difficulties and the lack of a "realistic path to victory".

Pauken supports term limits for state officials. and opposes the "Robin Hood" transfer of money from property-rich school districts to those with fewer resources. He claims that the state should make up the difference in funding between the wealthier and the poorer districts in a "revenue-neutral" fashion by replacing a portion of property taxes with consumption taxes or by expanding the sales tax. He supports expanded vocational education, greater local control of schools, and reduced emphasis on standardized testing.

Pauken said that when he ran for state GOP chairman in 1994, "We didn't have much money and we had (political operative) Karl Rove against me and (U.S. Senator) Phil Gramm—the entire establishment—against us. And we won."

In 1998, the last time that Pauken sought elected office, he finished with 30 percent in a three-candidate field for the office of Texas attorney general. The winner of the primary runoff election was John Cornyn, the state's current senior U.S. senator and a candidate for reelection to a third term in 2014. Coincidentally, the Democrat that Cornyn defeated in the general election held on November 3, 1998, was former Attorney General Jim Mattox, the same candidate who had defeated Pauken for the Dallas-based congressional seat in 1978 and 1980.

See also

 List of Chairpersons of the College Republicans
 Texas Workforce Commission
 ACTION agency

References

Further reading

 Who's Who in America, 1999 edition
 Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections

External links

1944 births
United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War
Businesspeople from Texas
College Republican National Committee chairs
Georgetown University alumni
Living people
Politicians from Dallas
People from Port Aransas, Texas
People from Victoria, Texas
Reagan administration personnel
Southern Methodist University alumni
Texas lawyers
Texas Republican state chairmen
United States Army soldiers
Texas Republicans
Catholics from Texas
Jesuit College Preparatory School of Dallas alumni

Tom Pauken