Bradley Scott Fittler (born 5 February 1972), also known by the nickname of "Freddy", is an Australian rugby league commentator, television presenter, and former player.

Fittler captained both New South Wales and Australia, and in 2000 was awarded the Golden Boot. He retired as the most-capped New South Wales State of Origin player and third-most-capped Australian international player. Fittler won two Rugby League World Cups as a team captain; he captained the Kangaroos to victory in both the 1995 and 2000 finals, and was also a member of the victorious 1992 team. In 2008, he was named among the finest rugby league footballers of the first century of rugby league in Australia., and has been inducted into the NSWRL Hall of Fame.

Since retiring from playing, Fittler has also coached the Sydney Roosters in the NRL and New South Wales, with whom he won three State of Origin series.

Early life
Fittler was born in Auburn, New South Wales, Australia. He grew up with his 2 siblings, Nathan and Kathleen Fittler.

He played junior rugby league for a number of clubs in the Parramatta JRL District including, Sadleir Bulldogs, Dayments, Ashcroft Stallions and Mt. Pritchard Community Club (Mounties) before moving to Cambridge Park in the Penrith JRL District. While attending Ashcroft High School, St Dominic's College then later, McCarthy Catholic Senior High School Emu Plains, Fittler played for the Australian Schoolboys team in 1988 and 1989.

Playing career

Penrith Panthers
Brad Fittler's first grade career started in 1989 at the Penrith Panthers while he was still attending McCarthy Catholic Senior High School in the western suburbs of Sydney.

Fittler played in the centres in Penrith's 18–14 loss to the Canberra Raiders in the 1990 Grand Final and at the end of the season was selected for Australia and went on the 1990 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain and France. Fittler did not play in a test on the tour, but played in 8 tour games and scored 8 tries.

In 1991 he was part the Panthers' premiership winning-side. Fittler played in the centres as Penrith, under the coaching of Phil Gould won their first ever premiership. At the end of the season he was selected for the Kangaroos five game tour of Papua New Guinea and made his test debut for Australia, playing at lock in Australia's two test series victory over the Papua New Guinea Kumuls, scoring two tries on debut at the Danny Leahy Oval in Goroka. Fittler played in all five games during the two-week tour and scored 4 tries.

During the 1992 Great Britain Lions tour of Australia and New Zealand, he helped Australia retain The Ashes. Fittler, like the rest of the Penrith club, endured a tough 1992 season due to the death of his best mate, up-and-coming halfback/hooker Ben Alexander, the younger brother of Penrith captain Greg Alexander. Following Alexander's death in a car accident, Penrith's form dropped off in the second half of the season with the defending premiers finishing out of the finals in 9th place. As a result of Alexander's death which happened between the first and second Ashes tests, Fittler was left out of the second test team by his own request, but returned to the team in the deciding match in Brisbane which Australia won 16–10 to retain The Ashes.

At the end of the 1992 season, Fittler was selected in Australia's World Cup final team to play Great Britain at Wembley Stadium. In front of a then international record attendance of 73,631 the Australians retained the Rugby League World Cup with a hard-fought 10–6 win. During the first half, Fittler suffered a fractured cheekbone after being hit with an elbow from Lions hooker Martin Dermott who had gone into tackle the Australian  with his elbow cocked. After being checked by team doctor Nathan Gibbs, Fittler continued playing.

The 1993 NSWRL season again saw the Panthers struggle, finishing 12th with a 7–15 record for the year. Fittler played all three games for NSW in their 2–1 Origin series win over Queensland, before playing in all three mid-year tests against New Zealand with Australia winning the series 2–0 after the first test at the Mount Smart Stadium in Auckland ended in a 14-all draw thanks to a late field goal by stand in Australian captain Laurie Daley.

Penrith improved to a 10–10–2 record and an 8th-place finish in the 1994 NSWRL season, despite the late season walk-out of Phil Gould (who was moving to coach the Sydney City Roosters after falling out with the Penrith club board) who was replaced with Fittler's 1991 premiership teammate Royce Simmons. During the year he was selected at lock for a test against France at Sydney's Parramatta Stadium (won 58–0 by Australia) and at the end of the season he was selected for his second Kangaroo Tour. Fittler played at lock in all four tests against Great Britain (3) and France (1) on the tour, winning man of the match in Australia's 38–8 win in the second test at Old Trafford in Manchester to keep the Ashes series alive. The Kangaroos went on to win the third test 23–4 to retain the Ashes before demolishing France with a world record 74–0 win in Béziers. Fittler played in 12 games on tour (one as a replacement), scoring two tries. He was also named as Man of the Match playing at lock in Australia's non-test international played against Wales in Cardiff, scoring one of his tours two tries in the wet conditions (his only other try would come in the tours 3rd last game in France when he scored against a Catalans Seclection in a 60–16 win at the Stade Gilbert Brutus in Perpignan).

By 1995 Fittler was the world's highest-paid rugby league player, reportedly earning $1.05 million for the season. This was during the period of the Super League war when player payments rose to previously unheard of levels as both the Australian Rugby League (ARL), backed by media billionaire Kerry Packer, and the rebel Super League (SL), backed by News Ltd., signed up players for (in some cases) double or triple their previous contracts. Fittler signed with the Australian Rugby League.

With the ARL refusing to select SL aligned players for representative football, Fittler was given the captaincy of the NSW Origin team for the 1995 State of Origin series against Queensland. Coached by rookie coach Paul Vautin, and with a bunch of untried players thanks to not being able to call upon their usual Origin and test stars (mostly from the SL aligned Brisbane Broncos), Qld were not given any chance of defeating the Blues (who could still call on a number of experienced Origin and test players), but came away with a 3–0 whitewash for their first series win since 1991. However, despite this, Fittler was given the Australian captaincy for the 3-test Trans-Tasman series against New Zealand making him Australia's youngest captain (23) since Reg Gasnier had first captained Australia in 1962. Fittler led the Kangaroos to a 3–0 sweep of the Kiwis, including winning man of the match in the 20–10 second test win at the Sydney Football Stadium.

At the end of the 1995 ARL season, Fittler was an automatic choice to captain Australia in the 1995 Rugby League World Cup. Although the Kangaroos suffered a shock 20–16 loss to England in the opening game of the tournament at Wembley, and had a nervous, 30–20 win over New Zealand in extra-time in the Semi-final in Huddersfield after scores had been locked at 20-all at the end of regulation time, Fittler would lead Australia to its 8th World Cup success (and 5th in a row) with an 18–8 win over England in front of 66,540 fans at Wembley.

Sydney Roosters

In 1996, he joined the Sydney City Roosters where he played nine seasons, captaining them to the 2002 NRL Grand Final victory. Fittler retired as the second most experienced first grader, behind Terry Lamb (349), having played 336 games.

The Rothmans Medal for player of the 1997 ARL Premiership was awarded to Sydney City Roosters captain and five-eighth, Fittler.

He was selected for Kangaroo Tours in 1990, 1994 and 2001 and played in the World Cups of 1992, 1995 and 2000.
Fittler was selected for the Australian team to compete in the end of season 1999 Rugby League Tri-Nations tournament. In the final against New Zealand he captained the Kangaroos at lock forward in their 22–20 victory.
Early in his career Fittler struggled with discipline problems, but he matured into a fine leader. He captained Australia in 20 Tests, winning 17 and losing 3, and in a further 5 victories in the 2000 World Cup. He also captained NSW in 14 State of Origin matches, winning 8 and losing 6.

In club competition, Fittler captained the Sydney Roosters to the 2000 NRL Grand Final, their first in twenty seasons, a Premiership in 2002 and successive grand final appearances in 2003 and 2004, before retiring at the end of 2004. Having won the 2002 NRL Premiership, the Roosters traveled to England to play the 2003 World Club Challenge against Super League champions, St Helens R.F.C. Fittler captained at five-eighth, scoring a try in Sydney's victory.

Two years after Fittler announced his retirement from representative football, NSW coach Phil Gould brought him back to State of Origin for the second and third game. Both he and Gould were farewelled in the last game at Telstra Stadium after he scored the winning try that sealed the NSW victory.

Fittler remains the youngest NSW State of Origin player (18 years 114 days) and was once the youngest Kangaroo representative (18 years 247 days) until Israel Folau made his debut in late 2007.

As a tribute to Fittler's contribution to the NSW team, the Brad Fittler Medal is named in his honour, awarded to the best NSW player after each series victory by NSW.

Auckland Nines

In February 2014, at 42 years of age, Fittler came out of retirement for a one-off showing at the NRL Auckland Nines. Representing the Sydney Roosters, he made a tackle on prop forward Fui Fui Moi Moi in the loss to the Parramatta Eels, before clipping Ben Barba high in a tackle, and also scoring a 75-metre intercept try off a David Stagg pass in their win over the Brisbane Broncos, his first try in 10 years.

Coaching career
On 9 July 2007, Roosters coach Chris Anderson quit the club, just 48 hours after the team lost 56–0 to the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, their second worst ever loss. Fittler took over the coaching from Round 18, in what was initially for a short term until the end of the 2007 season. The Roosters, who were sitting near the bottom of the competition and struggling with form, turned a corner with Fittler as coach as they went on to post some impressive wins. His first match was against his former mentor, Ricky Stuart coaching the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. The Roosters won the match 23–12. His second match was against the Newcastle Knights and again the team was successful 20–17.

On 27 July 2007, Fittler's coaching career took a massive leap. The Roosters defeated the Melbourne Storm (front runners of the Premiership) 26–16, with the Storm scoring two late consolation tries. Former Roosters coach, Phil Gould remarked after the Melbourne game "I've always had great confidence that "Freddie" would be successful at anything he turned his mind to. If he truly wants to be a coach, he'll be a bloody good one... I think in the end he was drawn to it and, to me, that's a coach. You don't wake up one day and say, 'I want to be a coach'. You are drawn to it. It compels you. I see and hear this in Freddie these days." Melbourne ultimately went on to win the title, which was later stripped due to salary cap breaches.

Following the win over the Storm, the Roosters went up against the New Zealand Warriors, with the match resulting in the first draw since 2005 after a hard-fought golden point period which ended with the score 31–31, keeping Fittler undefeated as coach.

That run was extended against the Wests Tigers on 10 August, with the second golden point game in a row for the club after a late field goal attempt from Braith Anasta hit the crossbar with 15 seconds to go. The game ended in a 26–22 win after Joel Monaghan scored the winning try.

Fittler's undefeated streak as a coach was broken on 19 August 2007 when the Roosters lost 22–18 to the Gold Coast Titans. The following week, in the penultimate round of the regular season, the Roosters lost to the eventual 2007 wooden spooners, the Penrith Panthers, 28–22.

On 21 August 2007, the Sydney Roosters signed Brad Fittler as their full-time Head Coach until the 2010 season.

On 20 June 2009, it was reported in the Townsville Bulletin that, a day earlier, a drunken Fittler had tried to gain access to the wrong hotel room while wearing only shorts. The incident occurred at the Holiday Inn in Townsville at 3am. Fittler consequently fined himself  and apologised for his behaviour at a televised press conference.

On 18 July 2009, following an ongoing season of unrelenting disappointment at the Roosters, the media was informed that in 2010 Brad Fittler would not be part of the coaching staff at the Sydney Roosters, reportedly before he was. Indeed, the Roosters took out the 2009 wooden spoon and a clean-out of the club began. He was replaced by Brian Smith.

In 2010 Fittler was linked with a move to the London-based Super League side Harlequins, but this ultimately did not eventuate.

On 24 November 2017, Fittler was announced as the new coach of the New South Wales rugby league team as the replacement for Laurie Daley. and announced a significant change to the Game 1 roster compared to the previous series with the debut of 11 players for the match on 6 June 2018. He ultimately led the side to its first series win since 2014 with an 18–14 victory in the second game. He was again successful the following year as the Blues won consecutive series for the first time since 2004–05.

On 24 June 2020, Fittler had his contract as New South Wales coach extended until the 2021 State of Origin series.

In the 2020 State of Origin series, Fittler coached a highly fancied New South Wales side to a 2–1 defeat against Queensland. Before the series began, some NSW media outlets described the 2020 Queensland team as the worst ever Maroons side in history.
In the 2021 State of Origin series, New South Wales bounced back under Fittler to win the series 2-1. New South Wales won the first game 50-6 followed by a 26-0 victory in game 2.
Under Fittler, New South Wales would lose the 2022 State of Origin series after game 3 went to a decider in Brisbane which New South Wales lost 22-12.
Before the start of the 2023 State of Origin series, Fittler was criticised by the media and fans alike for his team selections before game 1 which included not selecting the in-form Campbell Graham and Dylan Edwards, instead electing to pick the out of form James Tedesco and Tom Trbojevic along with the selection of Tevita Pangai Junior. New South Wales would go on to lose the opening game after leading towards the end of the match. Before game 2, Fittler caused more controversy for his selections including leaving Nicholas Hynes out of the team altogether, instead he elected to pick Mitchell Moses as the replacement for the injury Nathan Cleary. New South Wales would lose game 2 32-6 which gave Queensland the series victory.NSW bounced back to win the dead rubber 24-10.
On 28 September 2023, Fittler stepped down from his role as New South Wales head coach. It was reported that NSWRL Chairman Paul Conlon and his board offered Fittler a contract extension but he declined the offer.

Media career
Fittler began his media career by co-hosting NRL Deluxe, a streaming video show that aired on Mondays and Thursdays available via Bigpond TV. A year after his retirement, in 2005, Fittler released his book, Freddy: The Brad Fittler Story. Brad has also starred in two Telstra Next G TV advertisements.

In 2010, Fittler joined the Nine Network. In 2010 and 2011, he was a part of The NRL Footy Show, as a co-host. Also, since 2010, he has co-hosted The Sunday Footy Show program. In 2016, he has a role in The NRL Rookie.

Outside rugby league
In 2000, Fittler was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for his contribution to Australia's international standing in rugby league.

In February 2008, Fittler was named in the list of Australia's 100 Greatest Players (1908–2007) which was commissioned by the NRL and ARL to celebrate the code's centenary year in Australia.

Fittler has a longtime partner, Marie Liarris. They have two children.

He also fathered an illegitimate son after a one-night stand in 1995. He has never met the child and only pays child support, deliberately having chosen not to have seen the boy since 1996.

In an article published written by Sandra Lee in The Sunday Telegraph in 2005, Fittler stated that "I just hope that he lives in a stable environment, that's all I can hope for. I was young ... I just dealt with it as best I could. You don't (come) equipped with those sorts of skills. I suppose I did what I thought was best for me at the time. I just made sure I covered all legal angles, what my commitments were. I was in no state at the time. I didn't think I was up to raising kids. I was 23. I would have asked her to think about it maybe from my point of view. Whether that most probably would have been a selfish point of view ... it's just hard when you're never asked, never confronted. I understand it could be hard on the boy, but the mother has to shoulder much of the blame for the way she went about things." In his autobiography, Freddy, The Brad Fittler Story, Fittler says he believes that a financial contribution to raising his boy, who is now nine, is sufficient.

In 2022, inducted into Sport Australia Hall of Fame.

Controversies
In 1999, Fittler was dropped onto the front lawn of a Sydney police station by a taxi driver after a night out. A police source described Fittler as "the drunkest human being ever".

In 2009, Fittler fined himself $10,000 after police were called to Townsville's Holiday Inn after two female guests reported a "creepy man" with a "hairy chest" – wearing only shorts – trying to get into their room. Police arrived at 3.15am to find a "very drunk" Fittler still outside the room.

References

Further reading

External links

Speakers Profile – Brad Fittler
2001 Ashes profile
penrithcity.nsw.gov.au

1972 births
Living people
Australia national rugby league team captains
Australian people of German descent
Australian rugby league coaches
Australian rugby league commentators
Lebanon national rugby league team coaches
New South Wales City Origin rugby league team coaches
New South Wales City Origin rugby league team players
New South Wales Rugby League State of Origin captains
Penrith Panthers captains
Recipients of the Australian Sports Medal
Rugby league centres
Rugby league five-eighths
Rugby league locks
Rugby league players from Sydney
Sydney Roosters coaches
Sydney Roosters captains
Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees

Brad Fittler


Michael Sacks (born September 11, 1948 in New York City) is an American actor and technology industry executive who played the role of Billy Pilgrim in George Roy Hill's Slaughterhouse Five (1972).

Biography
Sacks has a Bachelor of Arts in Social Relations from Harvard College and a Master of Science in Computer Science from Columbia University.

Sacks played the role of Billy Pilgrim in George Roy Hill's Slaughterhouse Five (1972), an adaptation from the novel by Kurt Vonnegut.

Sacks also appeared in Steven Spielberg's Sugarland Express (1974), as the kidnapped highway patrolman; The Private Files of J. Edgar Hoover (1977), as Melvin Purvis; The Amityville Horror (1979), as Jeff; Hanover Street (1979), with Harrison Ford; the thriller Split Image (1982); and the television disaster film Starflight: The Plane That Couldn't Land (1983). On Broadway, he was the bewildered Vietnam vet "Mark" in Kennedy's Children by Robert Patrick. He retired from the entertainment industry in 1984; his last role was in the black comedy film The House of God, with Tim Matheson.

After spending time working in technology positions on Wall Street, Sacks in 2004 joined the online bond trading company, MarketAxess, as head of global applications development. He was employed by Morgan Stanley from 1994 to 2004, as executive director, global head of bond technology for the fixed income division. Other assignments at Morgan Stanley included chief operating officer for fixed income technology and global head of technology for the foreign exchange division. Prior to Morgan Stanley he held positions at Salomon Brothers, Inc. and IBM Research Division.

Filmography

References

External links

1948 births
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from New York City
Harvard College alumni
Columbia University alumni
American chief operating officers

Michael Sacks


was a Japanese author, poet and court noble of the Heian period. He is best known as the principal compiler of the Kokin Wakashū, also writing its Japanese Preface, and as a possible author of the Tosa Diary, although this was published anonymously. He is well known for his waka poetry and is counted as one of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals selected by Fujiwara no Kintō; his poetry was included also in the Hyakunin Isshu. As a courtier, he served as Governor of Tosa (930-935), Vice Governor of Kaga (917-923) and Vice Governor of Mino Province (918-923).

Biography

Tsurayuki was born in either 866 or 872, the son of Ki no Mochiyuki and a court dancer of the naikyoubou (内教坊), whose name is unknown. He had the childhood name of Akokuso (阿古久曽).

In the 890s he became a poet of waka, short poems composed in Japanese. In 905, under the order of Emperor Daigo, he was one of four poets selected to compile the Kokin Wakashū (Kokinshu), the first imperially-sponsored anthology (chokusen-shū) of waka poetry.

After holding a few offices in Kyoto, he was appointed governor of Tosa Province and stayed there from 930 until 935. Later he was presumably appointed governor of Suō Province, since it was recorded that he held a waka party (Utaai) at his home in Suo.

He was one of the editors of the Kokin Wakashū. Tsurayuki wrote one of two prefaces to Kokin Wakashū; the other is in Chinese. His preface was the first critical essay on waka. He wrote of its history from its mythological origin to his contemporary waka, which he grouped into genres, referred to some major poets and gave a bit of harsh criticism to his predecessors like Ariwara no Narihira.

Tsurayuki composed well over 500 poems throughout his life, including those included in the Kokinshu, imperial collections, and personal collections. One of his waka was included in the Hyakunin Isshu, which was compiled in the 13th century by Fujiwara no Teika.

His death is recorded in the Sanjurokunin kasenden (三十六人歌仙伝) as potentially being May 18, 945, but it is also reported as being on June 30 of the same year.

Works

Kokin Wakashu
In 905, under the order of Emperor Daigo, Ki no Tsurayuki was one of four poets selected to compile the Kokin Wakashū (Kokinshū), the first imperially-sponsored anthology (chokusenshū) of waka. Tsurayuki was the chief editor of the Kokinshu, and was the author of its Japanese preface (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kokin_Wakash%C5%AB).

Tosa Nikki
In addition to the Kokinshu, Tsurayuki's supposed major literary work (though it was published anonymously) was the Tosa Nikki (土佐日記, "Tosa Diary"), which was written using kana. The Tosa Diary is written from the perspective of a woman who embarks on a 55 day trip in 934 to the capital (present day Kyoto), where Tsurayuki had been the provincial governor, from her home in the Tosa Province. The female perspective of the diary, though written by a man (Tsurayuki), has sparked debate among scholars regarding gender and social status within the realm of linguistics of the time period. Ki no Tsurayuki left the Tosa Province at the age of 66 in 934 after completing his term as Provincial Governor and wrote the Tosa Nikki after returning to the capital. There are quite a few references within the diary that allude to events that took place in Ki no Tsurayuki's life, including the death of his daughter. It also includes many poems, presumably written by Tsurayuki.

Tale of Genji
In the Tale of Genji, Tsurayuki is referred to as a waka master, and it is stated that the Emperor Uda ordered him and a number of female poets to write waka on panels as accessories for his palace.

Family
The names of Ki no Tsurayuki's mother and wife are unknown. He had three children; a son, Ki no Tokibumi; a daughter, Ki no Naishi; and a daughter whose name is unknown.

Official timeline
The official timeline of Ki no Tsurayuki is documented in Sanjurokunin kasenden (三十六人歌仙伝), which documents the life of the Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry, as follows.

 Born in either 866 or 872.
 April 18, 905: Wrote the Kokin Wakashū.
 February 906: Appointed Junior Secretary (少掾, shoujou) of Echizen Province and Keeper of the Library of the Imperial Court (御書所預 Goshodokoro-azukari).
 February 27, 907: Appointed Head of Imperial Table Office (内膳司, naizen-shi).
 September 907: Accompanied Emperor Uda on an imperial visit to Ōi River to perform waka poetry.
 February 910: Appointed Junior Scribe (少内記, Shounaiki) in the Ministry of the Center.
 March 13, 913: Participated in the Uda Waka Poetry Competition (亭子院歌合, Teijin Uta-awase) organized by Emperor Uda. April: Appointed Chief Scribe (大内記, Dainaiki) in the Ministry of the Center.
 January 7, 917: Received the court rank of Junior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade (従五位下, Juugoi-no-ge).
 January 917: Appointed Vice Governor of Kaga Province (加賀介, Kaga-no-suke).
 February 918: Appointed simultaneously Vice Governor of Mino Province (美濃介, Mino-no-suke).
 June 923: Appointed Head of Storage (大監物, Daikenmotsu) in the Ministry of the Center.
 September 929: Appointed Deputy High Steward of the Right Capital District (右京亮, Ukyou-no-suke).
 January 930: Appointed Governor of Tosa Province (土佐守, Tosa-no-kami). Compiled the Shinsen Waka (新撰和歌), a personal collection of waka poetry, by the command of Emperor Daigo.
 February 935: Finished his term as Governor of Tosa Province, and returned to Kyoto. Wrote the Tosa Nikki based on his travel diary from this trip.
 March 940: Appointed Head of the Bureau of Buddhists and Foreigners (玄蕃頭, Genba-no-kami).
 January 7 943: Received the court rank of Junior Fifth Rank, Upper Grade (従五位上, Juugoi-no-jou).
 March 28, 945: Appointed Head of the Bureau of Carpentry (木工権頭, Moku-no-gon-no-kami).
 May 18?: Died.
 March 18, 1904: Posthumously awarded the court rank of Junior Second Rank (従二位, Juunii).

References

 Mostow, J. S. (1996). Pictures of the Heart: The Hyakunin Isshu in Word and Image (University of Hawaii Press).

 Heldt, G. (2005). "Writing Like a Man: Poetic Literacy, Textual Property, and Gender in the Tosa Diary," The Journal of Asian Studies, 64(1), 7-34.

 Encyclopedia Britannica, "Ki no Tsurayuki" https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ki-Tsurayuki

 McCullough, Helen Craig (1990). Classical Japanese Prose: An Anthology (Stanford University Press).

External links

 e-texts of Tsurayuki's works at Aozora Bunko
 A Note on the English Translation: an example of his poem from the Hyakunin Isshu with seven different translations,

Japanese male poets
872 births
945 deaths
9th-century Japanese poets
10th-century Japanese poets
Hyakunin Isshu poets
Ki clan
10th-century Japanese calligraphers
9th-century Japanese calligraphers
Deified Japanese people

Ki no Tsurayuki


James Mario Brovelli (born April 15, 1942) is the former men's basketball head coach of the University of San Francisco (USF) Dons and hall of fame player.

Biography
As a player Brovelli was a three-year letterman for USF, helping lead the Dons to the NCAA Western Regional in 1963 and 1964. He earned All-WCC honorable mention honors in 1964. Later, he was named the 1965 AAU Athlete of the Year.

He became the Dons head coach in 1984. Starting from scratch after USF's self-imposed three-year hiatus stemming from various NCAA recruiting violations incurred during the Quintin Dailey era, Brovelli led the Dons for ten seasons, including a 19-win campaign in 1993. His greatest victory as USF head coach came in 1988 when USF achieved a stunning upset of Digger Phelps and Notre Dame in front of a sellout crowd in USF's Memorial Gymnasium. He finished with 131 career victories at USF.

Prior to his USF stint he was the head coach for the University of San Diego Toreros from 1973 to 1984, successfully guiding their transition from NCAA Division II power to the Division I ranks. He took the Division II program to three NCAA Western Regionals, winning the championship in 1977–1978 and advancing to the Final Four while earning District VIII Coach of the Year honors. His final three years of coaching the Division II program saw the teams go 20–7, 22–7, and 19–7. Brovelli guided USD's move to the Division I West Coast Conference in 1979. His programs improved each year in the win column, and during his final year (1983–1984) at USD, he directed the Toreros to the program's first WCC championship and first appearance in the NCAA Division I Tournament. That season the Toreros finished 18–10 overall and 9–3 in league play, and Brovelli earned WCC Coach of the Year honors. At the time of his departure from San Diego he had 160 career victories and was the winningest men's basketball coach in USD history (since surpassed by Brad Holland).

After departing USF he was named director of player development with the Denver Nuggets on February 1, 1996. Later that following season he added assistant coach duties for the Nuggets.

Brovelli joined long-time friend, Bernie Bickerstaff, in 1998–99 as assistant coach, and on April 6, 1999, was named interim head coach of the Washington Wizards. He coached the final 18 games of the 1999 lockout-shortened season.

He next coached the Sioux Falls Skyforce in the Continental Basketball Association from 1999–2000, where he led the 'Force to a record of 30–26 and a playoff appearance.

Brovelli then signed on as a scout with the NBA's Charlotte Bobcats.

He has also coached the Japanese National Team and was a volunteer coach for the Minnesota Timberwolves for a season, in addition to serving as a member of the NCAA Recruiting Committee and Academic Committee.

More recently he was named director of athletics at College of Marin, while simultaneously providing radio color commentary for the USF Dons men's basketball home games.

Personal life
Brovelli received his degree in Business Administration from the University of San Francisco in 1964 and his master's from the University of the Pacific in 1966.

Brovelli is a long-time resident of San Rafael, CA with his wife, Nada. Their son, Mike (USF '95), was a Dons basketball standout, and their daughter, Michele (USD '96), was a Toreros basketball standout.

References

1942 births
Living people
American basketball scouts
American men's basketball players
Charlotte Bobcats scouts
College basketball announcers in the United States
College men's basketball head coaches in the United States
Continental Basketball Association coaches
Junior college athletic directors in the United States
San Francisco Dons men's basketball coaches
San Francisco Dons men's basketball players
Washington Wizards head coaches

Jim Brovelli


The Battle of Turtle Gut Inlet (June 29, 1776) was an important, early naval victory for the Continental Navy and the future "Father of the American Navy", Captain John Barry.
It was the first privateer battle of the American Revolutionary War.
The battle resulted in the first American casualty of the war in New Jersey, Lieutenant Richard Wickes, brother of Captain Lambert Wickes.
It was the only Revolutionary War battle fought in Cape May County.

Background

To prevent the Americans from receiving war supplies through the port of Philadelphia, the British Navy established a blockade of the Delaware Bay.  This fleet included over 240 cannons.  The Americans then fortified the river with cheveaux-de-frise in the shipping channel.

To transport gunpowder and arms, Robert Morris of the Pennsylvania Committee of Safety chartered the newly built brig, also called brigantine, Nancy and her captain, Hugh Montgomery on March 1, 1776.

On March 14, 1776, John Barry was commissioned captain of the fourteen-gun  in the Continental Navy.

In early June, the privateer Nancy loaded supplies in the Caribbean islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix.
She then sailed for Philadelphia with "three hundred and eighty-six barrels of gunpowder, fifty fire-locks, one hundred and one hogsheads of rum, and sixty-two hogsheads of sugar, &c, on board".
In mid-June, Barry was alerted by Morris that Nancy was headed his way, and would need protection since she had only an eleven-man crew and six cannons.

Barry was soon joined by the eighteen-gun , captained by Lambert Wickes, and the eight-gun , captained by William Hallock, and headed for Cape May.

The British blockade forces were led by the 28-gun , captained by Henry Bellew, and included the 32-gun , captained by Charles Hudson,  and the sixteen-gun , captained by Alexander Graeme.

Also at this time, the vanguard of the British fleet of over one hundred ships was set to enter New York Harbor on the morning of June 29.

Battle
Late on the afternoon of June 28, a lookout on Kingfisher spotted Nancy sailing toward Cape May and began chase, followed by Orpheus.
Nancy, and the pursuing British, were spotted by the American lookout at Cape May.
Captain Barry, on Lexington, received a message by flag code from Nancy that she needed help. Barry in turn signaled Reprisal and Wasp and then met with their captains to plan a response.
Longboats from Lexington, Wasp, and Reprisal, led by Lieutenant Richard Wickes, set out to assist Nancy.

In the early hours of June 29, pursued by the British Orpheus and Kingfisher and blocked from entering the Delaware Bay, Nancy headed for the nearby Turtle Gut Inlet in a heavy fog. She soon ran aground, while the larger British ships were kept to deeper waters.

Although still out of range but sailing closer, the British shelled Nancy, while the Americans attempted to salvage the cargo, especially the gunpowder kegs. Barry organized the crews into two operations. One group returned cannon fire to keep the British from boarding. The other transferred the cargo onto longboats and rowed to shore where local residents helped unload and secure it behind the dunes.

By late in the morning of June 29, 265 to 286 kegs of gunpowder had been removed, and the British bombardment had  heavily damaged Nancy. Barry ordered the main sail wrapped around fifty pounds of gunpowder to create a long fuse running from the nearly 100 gunpowder kegs remaining in the hold to the deck and over the side. The fuse was lit as the crew abandoned ship, while one last sailor climbed the mast to remove the American flag. The British thought the lowering of the flag was a sign of surrender and quickly boarded Nancy. By then the fuse had reached the hold.  The gunpowder exploded with a huge blast felt for miles which killed many British. Captain Graeme reported the loss of his master's mate and six men on longboats from Kingfisher.

Lieutenant Richard Wickes, brother of Captain Lambert Wickes of Reprisal, was killed by British cannon fire near the end of the battle.

Aftermath

The battle demonstrated the resourcefulness of the American forces to the British. As a result, the British Navy moved their blockade of Philadelphia further away from the Cape May area. The heroics of Captain John Barry in salvaging most of the gunpowder cargo and driving off two Royal Navy ships was quickly noted, an important step in his career. Following the battle, Captain Wickes on Reprisal, continued with his mission to the West Indies.

Lieutenant Richard Wickes is buried at the Cold Spring Presbyterian Church cemetery. A section of the cemetery, Veterans Field of Honor, is dedicated to his memory. The Seal of Wildwood Crest and the Seal of the Wildwood Crest Historical Society each contain a drawing of the brigantine Nancy in honor of the battle. In 1922, Cape May County filled in Turtle Gut Inlet.
The site is now remembered by a small park.

Gallery
Wildwood Crest

Cold Spring Presbyterian Church cemetery

See also
History of the United States Marine Corps
Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War

References

Bibliography

External links

 Battle of Turtle Gut Inlet

1776 in New Jersey
Cape May County, New Jersey
Conflicts in 1776
Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War
Battles of the American Revolutionary War in New Jersey
United States Marine Corps in the 18th and 19th centuries
Naval battles of the American Revolutionary War involving the United States

Battle of Turtle Gut Inlet


The Battle o Carham (c. 1018) wis focht atween the Kinrick o Scotland an the Northumbrians at Carham on Tweed (Northumberland the nou).

Uhtred, Waltheof o Bamburgh's lad, focht the jynt forces o Malcolm II o Scotland an Owen the Bald (King o Strathclyde). Their jynt forces clyted Earl Uhtred an his men, makin the eastern border o Scotland at the Watter o Tweid.

Notorietie
Whither the battle is historically wirdy o tent is a matter o controversy, maistlins wi regard tae the airt o Lowden. Scots historians claim Lowden wis won for Scotland at Carham an that Scotland's borders were expanded forby; Marjorie O. Anderson says that the Inglis king Edgar the Peacefu gied Lothian tae king Kenneth II o Scotland in 973. In Inglis sources, the Battle o Carham isnae gien ony special notorietie. Still ithers, siclike G.W.S. Barrow hold, that "What English annalists recorded as the 'cession' of Lothian was... the recognition by a powerful but extremely remote south-country king of a long-standing fait accompli."

Scots' haudin o the south-east o Scotland wis kent bi Inglis kings; whan kings siclike Cnut an William the Conqueror invaded, they didnae seek permanent guidal o the airt.

Eftercome
Efter the Battle o Carham, muckle o modren Scotland wis under the guidal o the King o Scots, altho Norsemen aye held sway in Ross, Caithness, Sutherland, an The Isles. The Lairds o Gallowa wis pairt-unthirled. Scotland or Scotia referred tae whit is Scotland north o the Forth an Clyde the day; it wasnae till the time o king David I o Scotland tha fowk in the south-east o the kinrick thocht o themsalves as Scots. In his ain charters (e.g. St Cuthbert's in Embro), he still referred tae the men o Lowden as Inglis. Woolf asserts that "the likelihood is that these are under representative glimpses of a much longer conflict which escaped the detailed gaze of our chroniclers because far more interesting things were happening in Southumbria and Ireland at the time."

References

References

 Anderson, M.O. (1980). Kings and Kingship in Early Scotland. Scottish Academic Press.
 Carham Society of 1018 (2015)
 De obsessione Dunelmi et de probitate Uhtredi comitis, et de comitibus qui ei successerunt ("On the siege of Durham, and the character of Earl Uhtred, and the earls who succeeded him"), C. J. Morris. (1992) in Marriage and Murder in 11th Century Northumbria: A Study of De Obsessione Dunelmi. University of York.
 Duncan, A.A.M., "The Battle of Carham, 1018" The Scottish Historical Review, Vol. 55, No. 159, 1976
 Plummer, C. Two of the Saxon Chronicles Parallel, Oxford, 1892.
 Stenton, Frank (1971). Anglo-Saxon England, 3rd ed. Oxford UP.
 Whitlock, D. (1961). Anglo-Saxon Chronicle: Revised Translation, Eyre and Spottiswoode.
 Woolf, A. (2007) The New Edinburgh History of Scotland Vol. 2: From Pictland To Alba 789-1070, Edinburgh UP.

Further reading

 Daly, Rannoch (2018). Birth of the Border: The Battle of Carham 1018 AD. Alnwick: Wanney Books.

Scotland
History o Scotland

Battle o Carham


To Have or to Be? is a 1976 book by psychoanalyst Erich Fromm, in which he differentiates between having and being. It was originally published in the World Perspectives book series edited by Ruth Nanda Anshen for Harper & Row publishing firm.

Fromm writes that modern society has become materialistic and prefers "having" to "being". He mentions the great promise of unlimited happiness, freedom, material abundance, and domination of nature. These hopes reached their highs when the industrial age began. One could feel that there would be unlimited production and hence unlimited consumption. Human beings aspired to be Gods of earth, but this wasn't really the case. The great promise failed due to the unachievable aims of life, i.e. maximum pleasure and fulfillment of every desire (radical hedonism), and the egotism, selfishness and greed of people. In the industrial age, the development of this economic system was no longer determined by the question of what is good for man, but rather of what is good for the growth of the system. So, the economic system of society served people in such a way in which only their personal interests were intended to impart. The people having unlimited needs and desires like the Roman emperors, the English and French noblemen were the people who got the most out of it.

Society nowadays has completely deviated from its actual path. The materialistic nature of people of "having" has been more developed than "being". Modern industrialization has made great promises, but all these promises are developed to fulfill their interests and increase their possessions. In every mode of life, people should ponder more on the "being" nature and not towards the "having" nature. This is the truth which people deny and thus people of the modern world have completely lost their inner selves. The point of being is more important as everyone is mortal, and thus having of possessions will become useless after their death, because the possessions which are transferred to the life after death, will be what the person actually was inside.

See also
Post-materialism

References
 infed.org

External links
 Erich Fromm 1976 interview with the BBC on To Have or to Be?

1976 non-fiction books
Psychology books
Works by Erich Fromm
Harper & Row books

To Have or to Be?


Operation Have Horn was a project in 1969 by the United States Air Force that involved the launching of Nike Hydac sounding rockets. It occurred at North Truro Air Force Station, located in North Truro, Massachusetts. Upon completion of the operation in 1970, the used devices were returned to the White Sands Missile Range, in New Mexico. Have Horn was support and carried out by the  Missile and Drone Division of the Air Force Missile Development Center, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico.

Due to the involvement of the Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratories in the operation, it was deemed easier to launch the rockets in North Truro under the code name Have Horn. Thus, a sounding rocket launcher and support equipment were installed at the station, and a series of Nike-Hydac rockets were fired from December 1969 to early 1970. The goal of the operation was to test sensors for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Following the end of the operation, the equipment was airlifted back to Holloman.

See also
Nike Ajax

References

Military in Massachusetts
Sounding rockets of the United States
Truro, Massachusetts

Operation Have Horn


Psyllid yellows is a disease of potatoes infested by the potato/tomato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli. The symptoms are a marked yellowing of the leaves, an upright appearance to the leaves, with severe cases resulting in early death of the plant. Tuber initiation and growth is affected. Many small tubers are formed, frequently misshaped. In some cases, the tubers seem to have lost sprouting inhibition and have begun sprouting before harvest. At later stages, the tubers sprout weakly, if at all.

It is thought that a toxin produced by the nymph stage of the psyllid causes these symptoms. If pest control occurs at an early stage of the disease, the plants appear to be able to recover.

A very similar disease has been described in tomatoes. In addition to the foliar symptoms, mature fruit is very much smaller, tends to have a pointy end, and frequently they occur in larger clusters of fruit than normal. In severe cases, the yellowing progresses to plant death. In addition to psyllid feeding, a new species of bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum'  has been associated with this disease. Capsicum crops show a similar fruit effect, but generally with no, or very little, foliar symptom.

A summary of symptoms from plants in New Zealand with photos of tomato and capsicum plants:
 Symptoms in tomato plants: Include leaf curling and yellowing stunting of the plant, fruit occasionally misshapen with a strawberry like appearance. The leaf axial or stalk may also become very long and the fruit development may be uneven.
 Symptoms in capsicum plants: Include pale green or yellow leaves with spiky tips. Leaves may be misshapen. Leaf stalks may be misshapen, leaf stalks appear short, flowers may drop prematurely and parts of the plant may die back. Symptoms may vary in severity between varieties.
 Symptoms in potato tops can include these being smaller than normal, yellowing and the tops can develop a scorched appearance before premature collapse.

This same Liberibacter has recently been found in potatoes in New Zealand  and in the US.

The potato disorder/disease "Zebra chip" is related in that 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' has been reported from Zebra Chip potatoes in both Texas and New Zealand.

References

Bacterial plant pathogens and diseases
Potato diseases
Candidatus taxa

Psyllid yellows


Azmi Bishara (, , born July 22, 1956), was an Arab Israeli politician. He is a Palestinian and an Israeli citizen. Bishara was a member of the Israeli Knesset (MK) as a member of the Balad party from 1996 to April 2007. He is also the leader of that political party.

His resignation happened during news that the Israeli security services said he had committed many crimes. The news at that time did not say what the crimes were. It was later said that the crimes were treason and espionage. Because he resigned, Bishara lost his parliamentary immunity. He was not in Israel when this happened and chose not to go back to Israel at that time. He has said that he does want to return.

Early life
Bishara was born in Nazareth.  He created the first National Committee of Arab High School Students. In 1974, he was in charge of that group. In 1976, he helped create the Committee for the Defense of Arab Lands and the first National Arab Student Union.

In the 1970s, Bishara studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was the head of the Arab Student Union and was active in the Jewish-Arab student group Campus. At the time, Bishara was a member of the Israeli Communist party Rakah (now part of Hadash), and supported an Internationalist-Marxist political agenda.

Upon finishing his Ph.D in philosophy at Humboldt University of Berlin in 1986, he joined the faculty of Bir Zeit University,. He was in charge of the Philosophy and Cultural Studies Department for two years, from 1994 to 1996. He has also worked as a senior researcher at the Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem.

Political career
Bishara was a Knesset member from the fourteenth Knesset (first seating June 17 1996) until April 22, 2007. He was the most important member of his political party, the National Democratic Assembly (NDA-Balad) in the Knesset during this time.

Bishara was the first Arab citizen of Israel to try to become Prime Minister. He tried to become Prime Minister in the 1999 election, but stopped two days before election day.

The Central Elections Committee (CEC) said that MKs Ahmad Tibi and Azmi Bishara, as well as Bishara's party, Balad, could not be elected for the 16th Knesset in 2003. Attorney General Elyakim Rubinstein agreed with this and had also tried to stop them from being allowed to be elected. The CEC said that they believed that Bishara and Balad wanted "to destroy the Jewish character of the state and supported the armed struggle against it". The Israeli Supreme Court said this was wrong and that they could be elected.

Visits to Syria
Bishara went to Syria in 2001. He gave a speech at a memorial ceremony for Syrian President Hafez al-Assad where he showed support for Hezbollah. When he got back to Israel, the government said that he was guilty of trying to cause violence and supporting a terrorist organization, as defined by Israel's Prevention of Terror Ordinance.
Bishara went back to Syria in September 2006. While he was there, he said that Israel might attack Syria in more than one place to try to fix problems in Israel and show other countries that it would not be a good idea to attack it. He also went to Lebanon. He told the Lebanese prime minister that Hizbullah fighting against Israel has "lifted the spirit of the Arab people". Soon after this, Interior Minister Roni Bar-On asked Attorney General Menachem Mazuz see if Balad MKs Azmi Bashara, Jamal Zahalka and Wassel Taha were guilty of any crimes because of their visit to Syria. He did this because after Bashara's visit to Syria in 2001, the Knesset made a law that said that MKs could not go to any enemy countries.

Resignation from Knesset and Suspicion of High Treason
On April 22, 2007, Bishara resigned from the Knesset at the Israeli Embassy in Cairo, Egypt. He did this after a police investigation of foreign people he knew and talk with. It was also said that he helped the enemy during wartime, gave information on to the enemy and laundered money he got from foreign sources. It was said that he might stay out of Israel because he did not want to go to jail and because it would end his political career." He also said that he believed he would not get a fair trial.

Court documents say that Bishara was questioned two times about the case. During the second time, he said that he was going to leave Israel for a couple of days. He said he would attend a third questioning session when he got back to Israel.
Bishara talked to a group of supporters in Nazareth using a telephone in April 2007. He told the thousands of supporters that, "My guilt is that I love my homeland... our intellect and our words are our weapons. Never in my life did I draw a gun or kill anyone."

Awards
Bishara was awarded the "Ibn Rushd 'Averroes' Prize for Freedom of Thought" for the year 2002 in Berlin, and the Global Exchange Human Rights Award for the year 2003 in San Francisco.

References and notes

Other websites
 Shin Bet Hounding Leading Israeli Arab into Exile?
 "Why Israel is After Me" Azmi Bishara's defense in May 2007, "ironic twist reminiscent of France's Dreyfus affair".
 Balad , Arabic.
  "Wanted, for crimes against the state" The Guardian

1956 births
Living people
Christians
Members of the Knesset
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
People from Nazareth
Social democrats
Socialist politicians
Israeli-Arab people

Azmi Bishara


BioVision Hierarchy (BVH) is a file format used for storing motion capture data. It was developed by BioVision, a company that was later acquired by Motion Analysis Corporation. The format consists of a hierarchical structure of joints, with each joint containing rotation and translation data. BVH files are widely used in the film, gaming, and animation industries.

History and Development
BVH file format's history and development span back to the 1990s, and it was originally developed as a proprietary file format for BioVision's motion capture systems, but later it was adopted by other motion capture systems, such as Vicon and OptiTrack. In the early days, BVH files were created for specific models and needed to be reworked for different models. However, as the use of BVH grew, more standardized models were created and used across different systems.

The development of BVH file format was a significant milestone in 3D animation and motion capture. Prior to BVH, motion data was recorded with pen and paper or entered manually into a computer. BVH allowed for the automatic capture and recording of motion data, making it easier and more efficient to create realistic animations.

Today, BVH remains a widely used file format for motion capture data and is supported by many animation software packages, such as Autodesk's Maya and Blender. It has become an essential tool in the animation industry, particularly for creating realistic and lifelike animations for movies and video games.

Comparison with other file formats

Filmbox (FBX)
 BVH files are often used in conjunction with software applications that support the format, including Blender, Maya, and MotionBuilder.
 FBX files are compatible with a wide range of software applications, including Autodesk products, Unity, and Unreal Engine.
 BVH files are limited to animation data capture and do not include other scene information.
 FBX files offer a wider range of animation features, including support for animation events, several animation tracks, and curves.
 BVH files are comparatively smaller in size compared to FBX files.
 FBX offers more control and flexibility at the expense of additional complexity and file size.

See also
 List of motion and gesture file formats

Animation software
Computer file formats

Biovision Hierarchy


The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (sometimes called The Wizard of Oz) is a childrens' book. It was written by L. Frank Baum. The book was first published by the George M. Hill Company on 17 May 1900. The first edition has pictures drawn by W. W. Denslow. It is the first Oz book.

The story has been reprinted many times. New pictures have been made for the story and sometimes the title is just The Wizard of Oz.  This is also the title of a musical play written in 1900 and a movie made in 1939 starring Judy Garland.

Story
Dorothy Gale is a young girl who lives with her Aunt Em, Uncle Henry, and dog, Toto, on a farm in Kansas. One day, Dorothy and Toto are caught up in a cyclone that takes them and the farmhouse into Munchkin Country in the magical Land of Oz. The falling house has killed the Wicked Witch of the East, the evil ruler of the Munchkins.

The Good Witch of the North arrives with three grateful Munchkins and gives Dorothy the magical silver shoes that originally belonged to the Wicked Witch. The Good Witch tells Dorothy that the only way she can return home to Kansas is to follow the yellow brick road to the Emerald City and ask the great and powerful Wizard of Oz to help her. As Dorothy begins on her journey, the Good Witch of the North kisses her on the forehead, giving her magical protection from harm.

On her way down the yellow brick road, Dorothy frees a Scarecrow from the pole on which he is hanging, applies oil from a can to the rusted joints of a Tin Woodman, and meets a Cowardly Lion. The Scarecrow wants a brain, the Tin Woodman wants a heart, and the Lion wants courage, so Dorothy encourages them to journey with her and Toto to the Emerald City to ask for help from the Wizard.

After several adventures, the travellers arrive at the Emerald City and meet the Guardian of the Gates, who asks them to wear green tinted glasses to keep their eyes from being blinded by the city's brilliance. Each one is called to see the Wizard. He agrees to help them all if they kill the Wicked Witch of the West, who rules over Winkie Country. The Guardian warns them that no one has ever managed to defeat the Witch of the West.

The Wicked Witch of the West uses the power of her Golden Cap to send the Winged Monkeys to capture Dorothy, Toto, and the Lion. Dorothy is forced to become the witch's slave, while the Witch schemes to steal her silver shoes' powerful magic. The witch tricks Dorothy out of one of her silver shoes. Angered, Dorothy throws a bucket of water at the witch and is shocked to see her melt away. Dorothy finds the witch's Golden Cap and summons the Winged Monkeys to carry her and her friends back to the Emerald City.

When Dorothy and her friends meet the Wizard again, Toto tips over a screen in a corner of the throne room that reveals "the Wizard", who sadly explains he is a humbug—an ordinary old man who, by a hot air balloon, came to Oz long ago from Omaha. He decides to take Dorothy and Toto home in his balloon. Toto chases a kitten in the crowd and Dorothy goes after him, but the ropes holding the balloon break and the Wizard floats away without them.

The Soldier with the Green Whiskers informs Dorothy that Glinda, the Good Witch of the South may be able to help her return home. Dorothy summons the Winged Monkeys a third time to fly them over a hill to Glinda's castle. Glinda reveals that Dorothy's silver shoes can take her anywhere she wishes to go. Dorothy takes Toto in her arms, knocks her heels together three times, and wishes to return home. As the magical silver shoes take her to Kansas, they fall off and are lost forever.
1900 books
American children's books

The Wonderful Wizard of Oz


Geobytes is a global company that provides geolocation and anti-spam software. Geobytes was incorporated in the State of Delaware, USA in 1999.

History
Geobytes was one of the first companies to build a global IP address location database by overlaying geographic user data on to a map of the internet's infrastructure. Geobyte licenses spam management tools to various email providers and software vendors.

The company's technology has been cited in numerous government and legal documents as 'evidence' that 'Geolocation' of the Internet is possible. Geobytes' technology has also been used in both civil and criminal court proceedings, in law enforcement, and in the location of missing persons. The company was founded in 1999 and originally catered to the online advertising industry.

Pre-incorporation
Adrian McElligott thought of mapping the Internet and targeted adverts whilst promoting an email notification tool that he had developed. He wanted to limit the marketing of this product to certain geographic regions, and he did this using the available ad-serving technology of the day. This discovery led to the commencement of the NetWorldMap project in July 1999, and later that year to the foundation of the Geobytes Technology Project.

Incorporation
Geobytes, Inc. started as a global Internet Business-to-Business (B2B) technology company, primarily servicing the needs of the Internet advertising industry. The company was incorporated in the State of Delaware, United States in December 1999. The principal shareholders of the company were, and still are the founders, together holding 90% of the issued shares. A further 8% is held by other individuals who were involved in the project's early development. The remaining 2% is held by the company's original seed investor.

The company's legal representatives are in Seattle. Its US office is in Nevada, and its Web servers are located in Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas. The company's executive and research and development operations are based in Brisbane, Australia.

After the dot-com bubble burst on March 10, 2000, in response to the downturn in the internet advertising industry, Geobytes diversified into other geo-niches such as fraud prevention, site analytics, geographic site customization and regulatory compliance. In mid-2002 Geobytes launched its GeoSelect product suite.

In April 2003, Geobytes' CEO invented CaseKeys and Spamborder technologies to address the problem of spam filtering Type I and type II errors, and Geobytes incorporated this new technology into a new spam filter.

In May 2004, Geobytes improved its infrastructure-mapping technology to overcome the limitations of the previous ICMP-based techniques that were used previously. The new technique uses packet-cloning technology that can "see through" modern stateful Internet routers.

Technology
Geobytes' technologies fall into two main groups; geolocation services and anti-spam technologies. There is some overlap between the two groups, however their product utilizes geolocation technology to detect the geographic origins of emails.

Geolocation software
Geobyte provides a geolocation service, identifying users' locations by their IP addresses. The data used to compile the company's database is gathered from a large number of websites that require users to enter their location information. This is then processed by a set of algorithms that overlay this data onto Geobytes' infrastructure map of the Internet creating a global database that can be used to map IP addresses to geographical locations. The GeoNetMap system does not use WHOIS data, DNS reverse-lookups or cookies; it relies totally on its own proprietary IP address location database. City accuracy is less consistent and can vary considerably from country to country.

Sender Authorization System
Geobyte provides technology to implement a "Sender Authorization System" intended to reduce the need for any special software or action to be installed or performed by the sender. The software uses a system that uses a combination of lower and upper case letters to encode email addresses with a unique key.

The concept is that CaseKeys software is installed on either the client PC or the mail server which allows every message – both incoming and outgoing to be intercepted and processed. Outgoing messages are processed with each instance of the protected user's email address being encoded with a unique key. The CaseKey encoding, the message recipient, and optionally other details of the outgoing message are then recorded.  In the other direction, incoming messages are scanned for any CaseKey-encoded instances of the protected user's email address, with the recovered CaseKey codes being authenticated against the list of those previously issued. Messages found to contain valid CaseKeys are then marked as not spam to prevent spam filters from misrouting the message to the user's junk folder. Other details may be included with the message, such as who the original message was issued to and when it was issued.

References

Software companies based in Delaware
Software companies established in 1999
1999 establishments in Delaware

Geobytes


Professor Michael O'Flaherty is the current (September 2015) Director of the European Union Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA). The FRA is the EU's human rights advisory body, based in Vienna, Austria. An Irish human rights lawyer, O'Flaherty was a member from 2004 to 2012 of the United Nations Human Rights Committee (HRC), the expert body that oversees compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). Again nominated by Ireland in 2008, O'Flaherty was re-elected to the HRC with the highest number of votes (136 states) achieved by any candidate. On 19 September 2011 he took up appointment as the third Chief Commissioner of the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission (NIHRC), the statutory national human rights institution for Northern Ireland. He resigned as chief commissioner in October 2013.

A native of Salthill in Galway, and the son and grandson of mayors of Galway, O'Flaherty attended school at Scoil Iognaid Gaillimh, Willow Park Preparatory School and Blackrock College, Dublin. He holds degrees in law from University College Dublin, in theology and philosophy from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, and in international relations from the University of Amsterdam. Ordained in the 1980s as a priest in the Roman Catholic Church for the Diocese of Galway, he has not exercised priestly ministry since 1992. He has since been laicised.

In November 2019, on the basis of his published works in the field of human rights, Michael O'Flaherty was awarded the Higher Doctorate in Laws (LLD) by the National University of Ireland

Qualified as a solicitor in Ireland, he does not practice in the courts. Since completing his postgraduate studies he has worked mainly in the field of international human rights. From 2004 to 2012 he was Professor of Applied Human Rights and Co-Director of the Human Rights Law Centre at the University of Nottingham, England. In December 2012 he was appointed as Established Professor of Human Rights at the National University of Ireland, Galway and Director of the Irish Centre for Human Rights.

Having written extensively on the ICCPR in the 1990s, O'Flaherty joined the United Nations civil service and held several headquarters and field positions in the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). This included co-ordination of the OHCHR Asia and the Pacific programmes, leadership of field operations in Sierra Leone and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and (2000–02) chairing the UN reference group on human rights and humanitarian action. He served for some years as secretary to the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, and as a senior researcher in Florence at the UNICEF child rights research unit, the Innocenti Research Centre. He was a member of the UN Expert Group on Human Rights Indicators, and has been an advisor to several intergovernmental and international non-governmental organisations, including the European Roma Rights Centre and the Council of the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratisation.

According to a CV posted on the European Parliament (LIBE committee) website in 2014, O'Flaherty had at that date published 9 books and some 55 articles and other writings, all in the field of human rights. He was 'rapporteur' (principal drafter) for the Human Rights Committee's General Comment on Article 19 of ICCPR, finally adopted on 21 July 2011 after two years of negotiation. This major re-statement of the international law on freedom of expression emphasises the importance of media freedoms and it sets out the extent to which human rights standards relate to the new media and information platforms. O'Flaherty also has contributed to the international definition and protection of gay rights: in 2006 he led the drafting of the Yogyakarta Principles on the Application of International Human Rights Law in relation to Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity.

O'Flaherty is former Chairperson of the Irish Penal Reform Trust and the former Vice-Chair of the Universal Rights Group. In September 2015 it was announced that he was appointed as Director of the European Union Fundamental Rights Agency.  The FRA "delivers on its responsibility as the acknowledged, unique and independent centre of reference and excellence for the promotion and protection of the rights of everyone in the European Union". In a speech delivered in Warsaw, Poland, on 1 December 2017, he described its activities, "(FRA) is the body tasked with delivering independent data, analysis and advice to the EU institutions, as well as its Member States, to support them in being compliant with the fundamental rights standards of the Union. From our base in Vienna, we do our work through the undertaking of surveys, analysis of pressing human rights challenges - including by giving voice to rights-holders - delivery of legal opinions and support for the embedding of a culture of human and fundamental rights, also at the local level across EU Member States".

In a 2015 newspaper article he described his period of work in the field:

"Documenting wartime human rights violations used to be my job. Over a good few years, working for the United Nations, I witnessed the most appalling acts of cruelty and inhumanity. Often I arrived on a scene to find mutilated bodies, wounded or deeply traumatised survivors and smouldering buildings.

A few times I was a direct witness to atrocity, like the summary execution of "rebels" in the streets of Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone. In that country the perpetrators were sometimes just teenagers, many of whom had themselves been abducted years beforehand. I used to speak with these kids, who were often armed to the teeth and high on drugs, to try to persuade them to release kidnapped children.
More than once I came close to being killed, sometimes by being in the wrong place at the wrong time but more often for such stupid reasons as driving a faulty jeep or begging a lift on an ancient helicopter.

My main job was to chronicle what was going on, frame it in terms of the relevant international human-rights law and get the reports up the line to UN decisionmakers in New York and Geneva. The work sometimes seemed futile, even cruel, fuelling false expectations among people who co-operated with us.

Often it felt as if no one cared. My own boss when I worked in Bosnia, the former prime minister of Poland Tadeusz Mazowiecki, resigned in protest at the ignoring of his warning about the imminent massacre at Srebrenica. I never quit, but I did have moments of near despair. I recall sitting in tears on a veranda in Freetown, listening to the worsening artillery fire in nearby hills at a moment when the world seemed to have interest in only one conflict: the one far away in Kosovo.

What kept my colleagues and I going were the small achievements: protecting some people simply because of our presence, improving conditions in detention facilities, helping to ensure that food and aid were distributed equitably, seeking to keep the situation of innocent victims of war to the forefront of peacemakers' attention.

The chronicling also had its successes, especially for the delivery of postconflict justice. It was very satisfying for me many years later to present my reports and give evidence at the trials in which the Liberian president Charles Taylor and others were convicted of crimes against humanity."

References

External links
 Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission
 Human Rights Law Centre, University of Nottingham
 Yogyakarta Principles website

Alumni of University College Dublin
Irish officials of the European Union
United Nations Human Rights Committee members
Irish legal scholars
Living people
20th-century Irish lawyers
21st-century Irish lawyers
Irish officials of the United Nations
Year of birth missing (living people)

Michael O'Flaherty


Rustic Oracle is a Canadian drama film, directed by Sonia Boileau and released in 2019. An exploration of the issue of missing and murdered Indigenous women, the film stars Lake Kahentawaks Delisle and Carmen Moore as Ivy and Susan, the younger sister and mother of missing teenager Heather (Mckenzie Kahnekaroroks Deer), who embark on a trek to find Heather themselves due to a lack of action on her case by the police.

The film's cast also includes Kevin Parent, Margo Kane, Alex Rice, Brittany LeBorgne and Kawennáhere Devery Jacobs.

The film, Boileau's second feature film after Le Dep (2015) but her first English-language feature, was shot in 2018, primarily around Oka and Kanesatake, Quebec. The film's title derives from its use of the dandelion as a recurring motif; according to Boileau, "The dandelion is perceived as a weed when actually it's the strongest of all the flowers. It contains powerful medicine, and it's viewed as a magical thing that will carry your wishes and memories into the wind when you blow on it. So it's all about how we perceive someone versus how they actually are."

Distribution
The film premiered at the 2019 Vancouver International Film Festival.

It was originally slated for commercial release on March 27, 2020, but its release was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. It continued to screen on the online platforms of film festivals, and had several weeks of commercial screenings in Canadian cities after theatres were reopened in the summer. It has since been released to numerous video on demand platforms, both in Canada and internationally.

Awards
Boileau received a nomination for the Directors Guild of Canada's DGC Award for Best Direction in a Feature Film in 2020. Delisle and Moore both won acting awards at the 2019 American Indian Film Festival, and the film won the awards for Best Picture and Best Lead Performance by a Female (Moore) at the 2020 Leo Awards. Carmen Moore won the award for Best Actress from the Vancouver chapter of the ACTRA Awards.

Moore received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Actress at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.

References

External links

2019 films
2019 drama films
Canadian drama films
English-language Canadian films
First Nations films
Films shot in Quebec
Films set in Quebec
2010s English-language films
2010s Canadian films
Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls movement

Rustic Oracle


Nihil admirari (or "Nil admirari") is a Latin phrase. It means "to be surprised by nothing", or in the imperative, "Let nothing astonish you".

Origin
Marcus Tullius Cicero argues that real sapience consists of preparing oneself for all possible incidents and not being surprised by anything, using as an example Anaxagoras, who, when informed about the death of his son, said, "Sciebam me genuisse mortalem" (I knew that I begot a mortal). Horace and Seneca refer to similar occurrences and admired such moral fortitude."Marvel at nothing" – that is perhaps the one and only thing that can make a man happy and keep him so.Nietzsche wrote that in this proposition the ancient philosopher "sees the whole of philosophy", opposing it to Schopenhauer's admirari id est philosophari (to marvel is to philosophize).

References

External links

Latin words and phrases

Nihil admirari


Samuel Robert Shaw (born January 17, 1984) is an American professional wrestler. He is currently signed to WWE, where he performs on the Raw brand under the ring name Dexter Lumis. He is also known for his time with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), where he performed as Sam Shaw and Samuel Shaw from 2010 to 2015.

Born in Jacksonville, Florida, Shaw started his professional wrestling career in 2007 on the independent circuit. In 2010, he signed with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling where he won the TNA Gut Check challenge in 2012 before spending a stint in its then-developmental territory Ohio Valley Wrestling, later returning in 2013. Upon departing TNA in 2015, Shaw returned to the independent wrestling scene for the next five years until signing with WWE in 2019. He was released in April 2022, and returned once more to the independent circuit before returning to WWE in August 2022.

Early life
Shaw was born on January  1984, in Jacksonville, Florida. He attended Allen D. Nease High School in St. Augustine, Florida and graduated from the Savannah College of Art and Design in 2006. Shaw made his way to Orlando to work as an illustrator for Universal Studios, after which he returned to his hometown of Jacksonville and began working for the Riverside Arts Market drawing caricatures, with a side business creating "pet ornaments," drawing pictures of people's pets on Christmas ornaments.

Professional wrestling career

Early career (2007–2012)
After training with Curtis Hughes at the WWA4 Wrestling School, Shaw made his professional wrestling debut on September 21, 2007, at World League Wrestling, where he teamed up with Tookie Tucker to defeat Marco Cordova and Otis Idol in a tag team match. Shaw lost to Bruce Santee on August 3, 2009, at Full Impact Pro. On August 21, 2010, he took on VSK at Victory Pro Wrestling in a match for VPW New York State Championship. Shaw was also part of a Gold Rush Rumble.  He lost both matches. On May 18 Shaw teamed up with Q. T. Marshall in a losing effort to the Briscoe Brothers for Ring of Honor. He has also wrestled sporadically for Pro Wrestling Extreme.

On April 18, 2009, Shaw debuted for Vintage Wrestling defeating Nooie Lee on his debut. Just over a month later on May 30, Shaw defeated Glacier to become the first Vintage Heavyweight Champion. Over the months, Shaw would defend his championship on multiple occasions against the likes of Tyson Tomko and Jesse Neal. Shaw would finally lose the championship to Thomas Marr on February 2, 2011. On April 17, Shaw would become a second-time champion after winning the vacant Vintage Heavyweight Championship and would lose it to Jesse Neal on September 11. In 2011, Shaw participated in the King Of The State tournament and reached the finals before losing to Francisco Ciatso. On May 14, Shaw would win his third Vintage Heavyweight Championship by defeating Aaron Epic. On September 3, Shaw was part of a title vs title match where the Vintage Heavyweight Championship and the Vintage Internet Championship were on the line, Shaw won the match after Simon Sez was disqualified which also meant the championship would not change hands. He lost the Vintage Heavyweight Championship to Francisco Ciatso on June 6, 2012. His last match for the company took place a month later in a fatal four-way match for the Vintage Heavyweight Championship which Milo Beasley won.

On August 8, 2011, in his debut match for Florida Underground Wrestling, he took on Romeo Razel and Sideshow in a three-way match and won, this would lead to a shot at the FUW Heavyweight Champion, Bruce Santee, which Shaw lost. On June 28, 2012, he took on Wes Brisco FUW Cuban Heavyweight Championship, where he lost. His last match for FUW came in the form of a win on June 30 against James Alexander.

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2010–2015)

Gut Check (2010–2013)
Shaw's first appearance for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) was on August 8, 2010, in Hardcore Justice as Lupus, Shaw attacked Tommy Dreamer in his match against Raven before he was attacked by special referee Mick Foley with a Mandible Claw. Shaw's first match for TNA came on August 9, 2010, in a dark match against Jesse Neal which he lost. On the December 30 episode of TNA Impact!, Shaw accompanied Jeff Jarrett to the ring as part of his entourage in his $100,000 Double J MMA Challenge against Little Red.

In 2012, Shaw was a participant in the monthly Gut Check on IMPACT. Although his chances were nearly ruined after he was attacked by Aces & Eights, Shaw got a second chance the following week and was defeated by Doug Williams in his Gut Check match. The Gut Check judges were impressed and awarded Shaw a contract and a spot on the TNA roster. In actuality, Shaw was signed to a developmental contract. Shaw returned to Impact Wrestling on November 22, defeating fellow Gut Check winner Alex Silva.

On January 12, 2013, Shaw appeared at TNA X-Travaganza, wrestling in a seven-man Xscape match, which was won by Christian York, that aired on April 5, 2013. On March 17, 2013, Shaw appeared at TNA Hardcore Justice 2 where he was part of a nine-man Hardcore Gauntlet Battle Royal, which was won by Shark Boy, that aired on July 5, 2013. Shaw returned on the May 23 edition of Impact Wrestling defeating Alex Silva (by decision since Aces & Eights attacked Silva) to advance into the finals of the Bound for Glory Series tournament to face Jay Bradley at Slammiversary. Shaw lost to Bradley at Slammiversary.

Ohio Valley Wrestling (2012–2013)
Shaw was then assigned to TNA's developmental territory Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), making his televised debut on October 13, 2012. He then began teaming with Alex Silva, forming a regular tag team over the coming weeks. On December 1, Shaw and Silva defeated Jessie Godderz and Rudy Switchblade to win the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship. They lost the title to Crimson and Jason Wayne on January 16, 2013. But regained the titles having their second reign on February 27, 2013. However, they lost the titles to The Coalition on April 3, 2013. The following week, Shaw was attacked backstage by the Coalition. Shaw would return to OVW TV on May 4 after revealing that he had been under the mask of the Coalition's Gillyman for several weeks and was put in a one-on-one match against Jason Wayne at the May 11 Saturday Night Special. He would have his in-ring return the following week one-on-one against Godderz. Shaw would continue his war with the Coalition in a victory over Jason Wayne at the May 11 Saturday Night Special and a victory over Crimson on the May 18 episode of OVW TV.

Samuel Shaw (2013–2015)
On November 21 during Impact Wrestling: Turning Point, Shaw appeared in an at home interview with Christy Hemme. During the interview, he asked to be called "Samuel Shaw" and also portrayed a character similar to Patrick Bateman of the film and book American Psycho, as well as a ring attire similar to the clothes worn by Dexter Morgan. On the January 2, 2014 episode of Impact Wrestling, Shaw made his debut as a heel by defeating Norv Fernum via submission, during which he made continuous glares at Hemme who was at ringside. Shaw later became an obsessed fan of Hemme, and started asking her on dates, including one in his house where it was shown how Shaw had a room full of posters and pictures of Hemme. On the February 6 episode of Impact Wrestling, Hemme confronted Shaw about the mannequin and the room full of posters. On the February 20 episode of Impact Wrestling, Shaw attacked Mr. Anderson in a rage after watching Hemme and Anderson converse for several minutes. Shaw then carried Hemme away after she was accidentally caught up in the ruckus and injured. On the February 27 episode of Impact Wrestling, Shaw would confront Hemme in an attempt to explain himself. After failing and being interrupted by Mr. Anderson, Shaw would solidify himself as a heel after using Hemme as a shield to fend off Mr. Anderson who was attempting to exact revenge for the previous week. Shaw would use his kata gatame finishing move to choke out Mr. Anderson.

On the March 6 edition of Impact Wrestling, Shaw faced off against Eric Young with Mr. Anderson replacing Hemme as the ring announcer for the match. Anderson's presence at ringside ultimately cost Shaw the match as he would be disqualified due to Anderson's distraction. After the match, Shaw would choke out Anderson like last week then claim he was "going to claim what was rightfully his," heading for the backstage area where Hemme had been watching via a ring monitor. Three days later, at Lockdown, Shaw defeated Mr. Anderson after escaping the cage following the use of Christy Hemme as a distraction by pulling Hemme through the camera cut-out of the steel cage, Anderson successfully rescued Hemme but was caught in Shaw's kata gatame. The previously unconscious referee only saw Shaw escape the cage thus declaring him the winner. Shaw lost a rematch against Anderson on the following Impact Wrestling bringing a mannequin dressed as Christy Hemme to the ring. On the April 3 episode of Impact Wrestling, Shaw defeated Mr. Anderson in a Straitjacket match after rendering him unconscious following two kata gatame attempts. At Sacrifice, Anderson defeated Shaw in a Committed match, whereby he put Shaw into a van heading for a psychiatric facility for intervention.

The next time Shaw appeared on TV was on the May 22 episode of Impact Wrestling at the psychiatric facility. A man walked in and said that Shaw had a visitor who was later revealed to be Gunner. Gunner said he was going to help him with his obsession with Hemme and with his insanity. Over the weeks following, segments were shown in which Gunner tried to help Shaw in various ways by explaining to Shaw why he understood what Shaw was going through and participating in various activities like going through Shaw's drawings & playing Go Fish with Shaw, which eventually led to Shaw being released under Gunner's supervision on June 26 episode of Impact. On July 3, he returned and apologized to Christy Hemme as well as to Mr. Anderson, who gave Samuel Shaw another chance to be friends with him as long as he followed Gunner's supervision, seemingly turning face. On October 22, 2014, episode on Impact, Shaw reverted to a villain after he hit Gunner with a steel chair and aligned with Brittany. The alliance between Shaw and Brittany ended after she did not re-sign with TNA. His final TNA match took place on June 19, 2015, against Crimson on TNA Xplosion. During the Christy Hemme storyline, he was dubbed as the 'creepy bastard'.

On June 21, 2015, Shaw officially announced his departure from the company.

Independent circuit (2015–2019)
In May 2015, Shaw returned to Vintage Wrestling. In his first match back, on May 16, 2015, Shaw defeated Nick Fame and the next day on May 17, 2015, Shaw, BeastMode (Biff Slater & Don Maximo), Leo Gold and Mike Cruz faced The Dark City Fight Club (Jon Davis and Kory Chavis), Francisco Ciatso, Simon Sez & The Afro Boy in a losing effort.
In September 2016, Shaw debuted for Full Throttle Pro Wrestling. In his first match on September 17, 2016, Shaw defeated Shannon Moore. On June 23, 2018, Shaw defeated M.V.P. and Papadon to win the vacant FTPW Championship. He would lose the title on October 20, 2018, against Barrington Hughes in a match that also included Shannon Moore.

On March 18, 2017, at Tried N True/Global Force Wrestling The Art Of War II, Shaw defeated Crimson to become the inaugural TNT Champion. Shaw held the title 658 days until he lost it to Crazzy Steve at the NWA Pop-Up Event on January 5, 2019.

On October 21, 2018, at the National Wrestling Alliance's NWA 70th Anniversary Show, Shaw defeated Colt Cabana, Sammy Guevara and Scorpio Sky in a fatal four-way elimination to go on to a match for the vacant NWA National Championship later that night. However, he was defeated by Willie Mack in the finals. On December 9, Shaw was defeated in a championship rematch by Mack at Championship Wrestling From Hollywood.

WWE (2019–2022)
On February 11, 2019, it was announced that Shaw had signed a contract with WWE and that he would report to the WWE Performance Center. He made his debut at an NXT house show on March 16, losing to Fabian Aichner. After debuting under his real name, his ring name was changed to "Dexter Lumis" in June. In the same month, it was announced that Lumis would compete in a tournament named the NXT Breakout Tournament. On the July 17 episode of NXT, Lumis lost in the first round of the tournament to Bronson Reed. On the March 25, 2020 episode of NXT, a vignette aired promoting Lumis' return. The following week, he defeated Jake Atlas. On the April 22 episode of NXT, he assisted Velveteen Dream in defeating The Undisputed Era in a tag team match after Dream's partner, Keith Lee, was taken out by Damian Priest, establishing himself as a face. On the May 6 episode of NXT, Lumis once again attempted to assist Dream in his NXT Championship match against Adam Cole, but accidentally knocked out the referee, thus costing Dream the match and the title.

On the June 3 episode of NXT, Lumis debuted a new artist element of his gimmick as he brought out an art easel and drew a sketch depicting himself driving a car with the Undisputed Era trapped in the rear deck. This led to the "Tortured Artist" becoming a nickname for Lumis. At TakeOver: In Your House, Lumis would interfere in the Backlot Brawl match between Cole and Dream as he attacked Roderick Strong and Bobby Fish, throwing them in the rear deck of a car and driving off with them. On the June 10 episode of NXT, Lumis lost to Cole in a non-title match after a distraction by Strong and Fish. After the match, Lumis attacked Strong and chased him to the back. On the July 1 episode of NXT: Great American Bash, Lumis defeated Strong in a strap match. On the July 29 episode of NXT, Lumis defeated Timothy Thatcher and Finn Bálor to qualify for a NXT North American Championship opportunity at NXT TakeOver XXX. However, he sustained an ankle injury, removing him from the match.

Lumis made his TV return on the September 30 episode of NXT, appearing in a backstage segment with Cameron Grimes. He defeated Austin Theory in the following week but was attacked by Grimes after the match. On the October 14 episode of NXT, Lumis challenged Damian Priest for the NXT North American Championship but lost after Grimes came out and stomped him on the apron while the referee was checking on Priest. Lumis went on to defeat Grimes in a Haunted House of Terror match at NXT: Halloween Havoc. On the November 11 episode of NXT, Lumis faced Timothy Thatcher in a match after the latter threw August Grey into a caricature that was painted by Lumis backstage. Lumis would lose that match after Grimes interfered again with a distraction. Grimes subsequently wrapped Lumis's head in a burlap sack and attacked him. The following week, they faced off in a blindfold match which ended in an apparent no contest after Grimes unknowingly knocked the referee unconscious and eventually ran off. Lumis then defeated Grimes in a strap match on December 6 at NXT TakeOver: WarGames.

On January 6, 2021, Lumis hosted NXT: New Year's Evil. On the following week's NXT, he lost to Johnny Gargano in a non-title match after interference from Austin Theory. During NXT TakeOver: Vengeance Day, Lumis abducted Theory from The Way before Gargano's North American title match. On the February 24 episode of NXT, Lumis defeated Gargano in a non-title bout where Theory hesitated to hit him with a chair, and Indi Hartwell starts to develop an attraction towards him. On April 7, during Night 1 of NXT TakeOver: Stand & Deliver, he took part in a six-man Gauntlet Eliminator match where the winner gets to challenge for the North American Championship on Night 2, but was eliminated second by L. A. Knight. On the following week's NXT, Lumis teamed with Bronson Reed and the NXT Women's Tag Team Champions Shotzi Blackheart and Ember Moon in an eight-person mixed tag team match against The Way, where he carried a falsely unconscious Hartwell away from the ring.

On August 17, 2021, Indi Hartwell proposed to Lumis after the pair won a match on NXT, and Lumis accepted. Lumis and Hartwell had their wedding on the September 14 edition of NXT. During the ceremony Lumis choked out the priest allowing a recently ordained Beth Phoenix to take over. Lumis also spoke his very first words in WWE by saying "I do". On the December 7 episode on NXT, The Way disbanded after Johnny Gargano opted to leave when his contract expired. On April 29, 2022, Shaw was initially released from his WWE contract.

Return to the independent circuit (2022)
Shaw made his first appearance since leaving WWE on June 11, 2022, at the National Wrestling Alliance pay-per-view Alwayz Ready. He competed in a fatal four-way match for the vacant NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship against Trevor Murdoch, Nick Aldis, and Thom Latimer; the bout was won by Murdoch. Two days later he defeated Mercurio on an episode of NWA USA.

On June 26, 2022, Shaw appeared with USA Pro Wrestling, defeating Ryzin at the "USA Pro Wrestle War 2022" event. On July 23, 2022, he appeared with MCW Pro Wrestling at the 21st Shane Shamrock Memorial Cup; substituting for Pat Brink, he teamed with Alec Odin to unsuccessfully challenge the Trade (Eric Martin and Robert Locke) for the MCW Tag Team Championship.

Return to WWE (2022–present)
On the August 8, 2022 episode of Raw, Lumis made his unannounced return to the company; he was shown in the crowd being taken away by security while AJ Styles celebrated his victory against The Miz as the show ended. The following week, Lumis appeared during Styles' match against Bobby Lashley. He climbed the barricade while The Miz attacked Styles, but was quickly escorted out by security. On the August 22 episode of Raw, Lumis appeared in the crowd and abducted The Miz during a tag team match involving Styles, Lashley and Ciampa. The following night on NXT, Lumis reunited with his (kayfabe) wife Indi Hartwell in an in-ring segment; the two kissed and Lumis carried Hartwell backstage. He handed her a drawing that read "Goodbye, Indi (for now). I love you" before being arrested by police. On the September 5 episode of Raw, Lumis distracted Miz during a steel cage match against Lashley for the United States Championship, costing Miz the match and title. Lumis entered the ring after the match and choked him out. He continued to torment Miz over the next few weeks, including stalking him at his home and attacking him backstage.

On the October 17 episode of Raw, Lumis was attacked by Miz before their match which then did not take place. On the October 31 episode of Raw, Johnny Gargano was interviewed backstage and showed footage of a conversation between The Miz and Lumis where, Miz paid Lumis to stage attacks on him, and now Lumis was coming to get the money that is owed to him. On the November 29 episode of Raw, Lumis defeated Miz in an Anything Goes match, earning himself a WWE contract and the money Miz owed him. On the December 19 episode of Raw, Lumis put his money on the line against Miz in a ladder match, which he lost after interference from the returning Bronson Reed, ending their feud.

Lumis appeared at NXT Stand & Deliver in April 2023, assisting Hartwell in her ladder match to win the NXT Women's Championship. He again appeared on the May 2 episode of NXT in a segment with Hartwell.

Championships and accomplishments
Full Throttle Pro Wrestling
FTPW Championship (1 time)
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Alex Silva
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 142 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2021
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling
TNA Gut Check winner
Tried-N-True Pro
TNT Championship (1 time, inaugural)
TNT Championship Tournament (2017)
United States Wrestling Alliance
USWA Championship (1 time)
Vintage Wrestling
Vintage Heavyweight Championship (3 times)
 Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 Worst Feud of the Year (2022) vs. The Miz

References

External links

American male professional wrestlers
1984 births
20th-century American people
21st-century American people
Living people
People from Jacksonville Beach, Florida
Professional wrestlers from Florida
Savannah College of Art and Design alumni

Dexter Lumis


The 16th Annual Demographia International Housing Affordability Survey: 2020 analyzed affordability in 8 Anglophone countries. Among this sample, the housing markets with the least affordable real estate prices are Hong Kong, Vancouver, and Sydney. The top three housing markets with the most affordable real estate prices based on major housing markets are Rochester, New York, Cleveland, Ohio, and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. This survey was performed by Demographia, a global analysis firm.

Methodology
The prices are based on data from the third quarter of 2019. The housing markets ranked are located in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, Singapore, United Kingdom, and the United States. The report also includes special coverage on Russia.

The housing markets are ranked on middle income housing affordability, which uses the "median multiple". This was calculated by taking the median house price divided by the median gross pre-tax household income of the housing market. The median multiple is used widely for analyzing housing markets and is recommended by the World Bank and the United Nations. It has also been used by the Joint Center for Housing Studies at Harvard University.

Demographia uses housing affordability ratings to categorize each housing market's median multiple.

List
The report is split into two rankings, one for major housing markets, and one for all housing markets. The list below shows the rankings from the most unaffordable housing market to the most affordable housing market for the major housing markets. The list contains 92 housing markets.

See also
 Real estate
 Affordable housing

References

Real estate lists
Geography-related lists

Housing Affordability in Anglophone Countries