Sheldon Harvey Gross (May 20, 1921 – June 19, 2009) was an American producer and promoter of concerts and theatrical performances, who developed a number of venues in suburban areas outside major cities on the East Coast together with Lee Guber, bringing major stars and diverse entertainment options to local areas that previously could only be seen in major cities at significantly higher prices.

Early life and education
Gross was born on May 20, 1921, in Philadelphia. There he attended Central High School, where he met future partner Lee Guber after the two were seated next to each other in alphabetical order, graduating as valedictorian. After graduating from the University of Pennsylvania in 1942 with a Phi Beta Kappa key, he attended Harvard Law School, but dropped out after coming to the realization that he didn't want to be a lawyer. He enlisted in the United States Navy, serving as a communications officer in the South Pacific and attaining the rank of Lieutenant. After completing his military service, Gross attended Northwestern University, graduating in 1947 with a master's degree in journalism.

Television
His first media job was in Atlantic City, New Jersey, where he was a newscaster on station WFPG-TV. He took a spot at WFIL in Philadelphia, where was recognized as 1954's TV Guide Announcer of the Year. Gross was looking to shift out of television, recalling that the station "had me selling storm windows and beer", making him frustrated by the lack of creativity his position offered.

Theatrical production
Gross had remained friendly with Guber, and together with Frank Ford they established the Valley Forge Music Fair in Devon, Pennsylvania in 1955, initially in a circus tent and later replaced by a permanent structure with 2,900 seats built in theater in the round style. The Valley Forge location was shuttered in 1996, leaving Gross conflicted, stating that "Well, it's like watching your mother-in-law drive off a cliff in your brand-new Mercedes – mixed emotions."

An abandoned lime pit in Westbury, New York, a Long Island suburb of New York City, became the site of the Westbury Music Fair. The original facility was an uninsulated tent that could accommodate 1,850, erected for $120,000 at a central Nassau County location near the Northern State Parkway and the Wantagh State Parkway. With Ford out of the picture, Gross and Guber constructed a theater on the site that could fit 3,000 attendees. SFX Entertainment acquired the facility in 1998, and it is now owned and operated by Live Nation and known as the Capital One Bank Theater at Westbury. Among the stars who performed at their suburban theaters were Tony Bennett, Jack Benny, Milton Berle, Ray Charles, Bill Cosby, Sammy Davis, Jr., Judy Garland, Bob Hope, Liza Minnelli, Don Rickles, Smokey Robinson, Kenny Rogers, Frank Sinatra, Bruce Springsteen and Stevie Wonder.

Similar facilities established by the team included the Painters Mill Music Fair outside of Baltimore and the Shady Grove Music Fair outside Washington, D.C. They also ran the Deauville Star Theater at Miami Beach's Deauville Hotel, and the Camden County Music Fair in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. The pair ran a concert division that arranged performances nationwide, including traveling productions of Broadway theater hits such as Cabaret, Fiddler on the Roof, Gypsy and Man of La Mancha. They also produced theatrical revivals on Broadway, such as a year-long run of Lorelei in 1974 with Carol Channing, and a Yul Brenner-led production of The King and I that debuted in 1977 and ran for nearly 700 performances.

Personal
He had moved to Lower Merion, Pennsylvania 1951, remaining there until 2003, when he relocated to Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. In Florida, he became involved with, and helped raise funds for, the non-profit regional theater, Palm Beach Dramaworks, located in downtown West Palm Beach.

Gross enjoyed fishing and playing chess. He also wrote several novels, including Havana X, Roots of Honor and Stardust. His 1978 book Havana X was about a CIA plot to assassinate Fidel Castro by taking out a Mafia contract at a cost of two million dollars on the Cuban leader, and was described in a brief review in The New York Times (to paraphrase) as an action-filled manhunt with a somewhat contrived ending, noting that he "writes well and has a cynical view of the men who run the world."

The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia  named Gross their Person of the Year in 1995 and inducted him into their Hall of Fame in 1999.

Gross died at age 88 on June 19, 2009, in Palm Beach Gardens due to bladder cancer. He was survived by his wife, the former Joan Seidel, as well as three sons and four grandchildren.

References

1921 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
United States Navy personnel of World War II
American theatre managers and producers
Deaths from cancer in Florida
Deaths from bladder cancer
Central High School (Philadelphia) alumni
Harvard Law School alumni
Medill School of Journalism alumni
People from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
People from Palm Beach Gardens, Florida
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
Military personnel from Philadelphia
Radio and television announcers
United States Navy officers
University of Pennsylvania alumni
20th-century American male writers
Novelists from Pennsylvania
20th-century American businesspeople

Shelly Gross


See Francis Johnston (architect) for Irish architect with a similar name.

Francis Frederick Johnson  (18 April 1911 – 29 September 1995), was an English architect born in Bridlington in the East Riding of Yorkshire. He was active in designing churches and country houses and restoring historic buildings.

Education and early career
Johnson studied at the Leeds School of Architecture and then toured Europe in 1931 on a travelling scholarship before joining the firm of  Allderidge & Clark in Hull. He started his own practice in 1937 in his home town of Bridlington. This was interrupted by the Second World War, when he served in the Royal Engineers from 1943 to 1946.

Work
Francis Johnson's favoured field of work was domestic architecture. He is known particularly for country houses in a Georgian style. He designed a number of churches in the post-war period for clients, including the Church of England Commissioners. These simple buildings often show the influence of the Scandinavian classical architecture he had admired on his European tour.

Francis Johnson also restored and remodelled a large number of historic buildings, including Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire, Belton House, Lincolnshire, Burton Agnes Hall, East Yorkshire, and Fairfax House, York. His approach to restoration involved detailed research into the original colour schemes of buildings, which was a concern ahead of his time in the 1960s.

Churches

St Margaret, Hilston, East Riding of Yorkshire (1956–1957)
Ascension, Calvert Road, Kingston upon Hull chancel (1957–1958)
St Michael and All Angels, Orchard Park, Kingston upon Hull (1957–1958)
Holy Nativity RC, Scarborough, North Yorkshire (1954–1955)
St Luke's RC, Scarborough, North Yorkshire (1955–1956)
St George RC, Scarborough, North Yorkshire (1957–1958)
Methodist Chapel, Ripon (1958–1960)
St Joseph's RC, Newby, Scarborough, North Yorkshire (1958–1960)
Methodist Church, Sewerby (1963)
St Thomas, Pennywell, Sunderland (1964)
St Christopher, Tong, West Yorkshire (1967–1968)
St Luke, Willerby (1968)

Private houses
The Old Rectory, Winestead restoration (1947–1948)
Sunderlandwick Hall, Sunderlandwick (1962–1963)
Settrington House, Settrington rebuilt after fire in 1963 (1965)
Whitwell-on-the-Hill, Malton (1969)
Corn Exchange House, Bridlington (1972)
Garrowby Hall, Garrowby south range (1981–1982)
Hilborough House, Norfolk designed 1989–90 (1996–2000)

Other

The King's School, Tynemouth, Northumberland new block (1959–1960)
St Anne's Houses, Bridlington (1961–1965)
St Chad's College, Durham (1961–1964)
Beach House, Grenada (1968–1969)
Rectory, Church Green, Bridlington (1970)
Rectory, Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire (1973)
The Pavilion (Opera House), Thorpe Tilney Hall, Lincolnshire (1976–1980)
Swimming Pool Pavilion, Burton Agnes Hall (1985)

Archives
Part of Johnson's archives were deposited with Hull University Archives at the Hull History Centre. In November 2013 these secured an award of £32,729 from the National Cataloguing Grants Programme administered by The National Archives. The project to catalogue and make the material available was undertaken between January 2014 and August 2015.

The remaining papers, drawings and photographs were deposited at the Hull History archive in June and July 2022 when the continuing practice, Francis Johnson and Partners, was dissolved on the retirement of the surviving partners.

References

John Martin Robinson and David Neave, (2001), Francis Johnson Architect, Oblong Creative,
Nikolaus Pevsner and David Neave, (1972, 2nd ed., 1995), Yorkshire: York and the East Riding: The Buildings of England,

External links
Francis Johnson & Partners
Jonathan Glancey in the Guardian on the 2001 exhibition of Francis Johnson's work in London from The Guardian.
Article on London Exhibition from the Spectator.
Article on recent work by Francis Johnson & Partners from Country Life.
Hull History Centre Francis Johnson Archive

20th-century English architects
1911 births
1995 deaths
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
People from Bridlington
Architects from Yorkshire
People educated at Bridlington School

Francis Johnson (architect)


Swanscombe Heritage Park or Swanscombe Skull Site is a  geological Site of Special Scientific Interest Swanscombe in north-west Kent. The site has two Geological Conservation Review sites, and a National Nature Reserve.

The park is in a former gravel quarry, Barnfield Pit. The area was already famous for numerous Palaeolithic-era handaxes—mostly Acheulean and Clactonian artifacts, some as much as 400,000 years old.

In 1935/1936 work at Barnfield Pit uncovered two fossilised skull fragments. These fragments were the remains of Swanscombe Man. The bones were later found to have belonged to a young woman. The Swanscombe skull were early Neanderthal, dating to the Hoxnian Interglacial around 400,000 years ago.

They are one of only two sites in Britain which have yielded Lower Palaeolithic human fossils, together with the 500,000-year-old Homo heidelbergensis leg bones and teeth at Boxgrove.

The skull fragments were found in the lower middle terrace gravels at a depth of almost eight metres beneath the surface. Further excavations, carried out between 1968-1972 uncovered more animal bone and flint tools, and established the extent of a former shoreline that the bones were found on.

Most of the bone finds are now in the Natural History Museum in London, and the stone finds are at the British Museum. The other key paleolithic sites in the UK are Happisburgh, Pakefield, Pontnewydd, Kents Cavern, Paviland, and Gough's Cave.

References

Archaeological sites in England
Hominins
Tools

Swanscombe Heritage Park


Abi Branning is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders, played by Lorna Fitzgerald. She was introduced by executive producer Kate Harwood on 3 July 2006 as an extension to the Branning family, along with father Max (Jake Wood), mother Tanya Branning (Jo Joyner) and older sister Lauren Branning (Madeline Duggan/Jacqueline Jossa). Her storylines involve her friendships and relationships with Ben Mitchell (Charlie Jones/Joshua Pascoe/Harry Reid) and Jay Brown (Jamie Borthwick), her toxic friendship with Babe Smith (Annette Badland), faking a pregnancy so that Ben would not leave her for Paul Coker (Jonny Labey), being a suspect in the murder of Lucy Beale (Hetti Bywater), her affair with Lauren's fiancé, Steven Beale (Aaron Sidwell), and falling pregnant by him.

In September 2017, it was announced that Fitzgerald and Jossa had been axed by executive consultant John Yorke. Abi's exit storyline involved her and Lauren falling from the roof of The Queen Victoria public house on Christmas Day 2017, leading to Abi giving birth prematurely to daughter, also named Abi, and being confirmed brainstem dead in later episodes. Abi's final scenes aired on 19 January 2018 after her life support is withdrawn. The character's funeral took place on 16 February 2018.

For her portrayal as Abi, Fitzgerald was nominated for Best Young Actor at the 2010 Inside Soap Awards, and went on to win Best Dramatic Performance from a Young Actor or Actress at the 2012 British Soap Awards. Kate White of Inside Soap praised her portrayal of Abi, saying that Fitzgerald is the "brightest young star in soap", adding "Abi's destined for great dramatic things". A writer from the Western Mail said that Abi's relationship with Jay Brown (Jamie Borthwick) is "Walford's answer to Romeo and Juliet". However, some critics were less positive, with one saying in 2012 that the audience were "not nearly" seeing as much of the "classic characters" due to the younger cast receiving more screen time.

Storylines
Abi moves to Albert Square with her parents Max Branning (Jake Wood) and Tanya Branning (Jo Joyner), and sister Lauren Branning (Madeline Duggan), where she befriends Ben Mitchell (Charlie Jones). Soon after, when Max's affair with his son Bradley Branning's (Charlie Clements) wife, Stacey Slater (Lacey Turner), is revealed, Max and Tanya separate and eventually divorce. Abi begins to live sporadically with each parent, frequently defending Max to Tanya and Lauren, until Max and Tanya reunite, however Abi leaves with Tanya after learning of Max's financial problems. Abi starts to take an interest in Max's lodger Darren Miller (Charlie G. Hawkins), who is left uncomfortable when she tries to kiss him, telling her she is too young. She later develops a crush on Jay Brown (Jamie Borthwick), and the two begin dating. Jay and Abi cuddle up as they are watching television, but Max believes they are about to have sex, so he throws Jay out and rips Abi's bridesmaid dress to Greg and Tanya's wedding. They go to buy a new one, but they have a car crash on Greg and Tanya's wedding day. They suffer minor injuries and both recover. Despite Abi's insecurities over Jay's friendship with Lola Pearce (Danielle Harold), she and Jay remain together, and eventually Max comes to accept them as a couple.

Jay proposes to Abi and she accepts, but she is faced with a dilemma when she is offered the chance to go to Costa Rica to help with sea turtle conservation. Jay gives Abi an ultimatum, threatening to break up with her if she goes to Costa Rica, but she goes regardless. She returns weeks later and the pair reconcile. Abi meets her cousin Dexter Hartman (Khali Best), not knowing they are related, and this causes Jay to be jealous until the truth of their relationship is revealed. Abi tries to support Lauren (now played by Jacqueline Jossa) with her drinking problem, however, this ends badly when Lauren destroys Abi's revision notes. Max is framed for causing a car crash that leaves Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden) hospitalised. Abi and Lauren struggle to pay Max's legal costs, as well as their bills. Abi receives her exam results and discovers she has not gained the grades to go to university to become a vet, but Lauren, believing that Abi has passed the exams, throws a party, during which Abi blurts out that she blames Lauren for her poor results because she has an alcohol problem. Abi decides to continue studying, but when Max goes to prison, she has to take a job and struggles to find time for her studies. Max is proven innocent and returns home to support his family. In an argument between Jay and Dexter, Abi discovers that on a holiday, Jay kissed a barmaid. She also finds out that Lola knew and furiously confronts her. However, after a heart-to-heart with Jay, they decide to work through their issues and she fixes things with Dexter and Lola as well. She also takes in a stray dog, Tramp.

Abi's final A Level results come through and she tells everyone that she has got what she needed to get into the University of Liverpool. However, she later confides in Jay that she has been lying, as not to disappoint her family. He encourages her to go through clearing and she gets a position doing a similar course at the University of Bolton. Jay decides to go with Abi. Ben returns from prison and reveals he thinks Jay is in love with Lola, and he confesses this to Abi when she confronts him. He then ends things to stay in Walford. Devastated, she wants to leave for Bolton immediately, but when Max refuses to take her, she drives the car herself, accidentally running over Tramp, killing him; she callously declares that "things die". After her break up with Jay, Abi becomes a much nastier and bitter person. She begins a relationship with Ben (now played by Harry Reid), which is discovered by Emma Summerhayes (Anna Acton) who informs Max of the relationship. Max demands that Abi does not see Ben any more, which Abi refuses to do. After she moves in with him, Ben reveals to her that he might still be gay and is worried he will never get over his homosexuality, but Abi assures him that they will make things work.

Following Ben's arrest for Lucy Beale's (Hetti Bywater) murder, Abi tells Phil that Max assaulted Lucy to get Ben off. Despite being innocent, Max turns himself in and is formally charged while Ben is released. Stacey visits Max, who tells her that he thinks Abi killed Lucy. Stacey confronts Abi, who attacks Stacey, blaming her for her parents' split and Bradley's death. Ben and Abi continue their relationship, but Ben is secretly seeing Paul Coker (Jonny Labey). Babe Smith (Annette Badland) offers Abi work in the pub kitchen, and Abi tells Babe that she is able to turn a blind eye to Ben's homosexuality, as long as he loves her. However, when Abi finds a present that Ben has got for Paul, she realises he has feelings for Paul and confides in Babe, who helps her to publicly announce that she is pregnant. Ben asks Abi to have a termination but then changes his mind, saying he wants the baby. Abi then goes to Babe, panicking because she has lied and is not really pregnant. She decides to tell Ben the truth, but as she is about to do so, he tells her he has caught chlamydia. Abi later tests positive for chlamydia. Babe pushes Abi into Ben as he is pushed by Phil, knocking her to the ground. Babe takes Abi away from the square, and on their return, Abi tells Ben she has had a miscarriage. When she later sees Ben being comforted by Paul, she feels uneasy.

Abi and Babe discover that Ben's half-sister Louise Mitchell (Tilly Keeper) has been using Phil's credit card, so they force her to return everything she has bought. After a spat with Abi, Babe sends Ben a letter, telling him of the fake pregnancy. Louise finds the letter and blackmails Abi, telling her to move away with Ben. Abi tries to persuade Ben into moving but he refuses, saying he needs to be there for alcoholic Phil. Abi accidentally confesses, after which Ben gets drunk and kisses Abi in the pub toilets and starts to undress her, but then drags her into the pub in her underwear and reveals via the karaoke microphone that she made up her pregnancy. Babe emotionally blackmails Abi, forcing her to resign. Abi exposes Babe's secrets to the pub's landlord, Mick Carter (Danny Dyer), so he tells Abi that she can keep her job. Abi locks Babe in the kitchen freezer room as an act of revenge, although Babe frames her sister, Sylvie Carter (Linda Marlowe). Abi is then reinstated at the Vic by a seemingly apologetic Babe but her behaviour, when alone in the kitchen with Abi, is threatening. Babe later leaves Walford after being thrown out by her family, so Abi runs the kitchen alone.

Abi tells Lauren's boyfriend, Steven Beale (Aaron Sidwell), that they would make a good couple during a heart-to-heart. Abi and Steven have an affair and Abi learns that Steven is lying about having a brain tumour so that Lauren will not leave him. Despite being against the idea, Abi does not tell Lauren as Steven promises Abi he is planning to leave Lauren to be with her. Then Abi is stunned by Steven's public marriage proposal to Lauren. Jane overhears Abi and Steven talking about their relationship and confronts them. Abi then discovers she is pregnant by Steven. Abi helps Steven keep up the lie by giving him a brain scan from a dog and animal medication that will give him symptoms of an illness, as well as helping to keep Lauren away from doctor's appointments that Steven has invented. Abi discovers that Ian's restaurant is on fire and goes inside. She finds Jane on the floor struggling to breathe. A pipe falls onto Abi, knocking her unconscious, but Max and Steven soon find her and drag her out. She is taken to hospital with Lauren by her side in the ambulance. At the hospital, Abi tells Steven he is going to be a father. Steven declares his love for her and makes a promise that he will make their relationship work. Steven then dies from injuries inflicted by Max during the fire, leaving an unaware Abi devastated.

Out of jealousy that Lauren is getting all the attention, Abi tries to tell Lauren about her pregnancy, but Lauren angrily mistakes this as gloating about her own abortion. Upset at the accusation, Abi says that she wishes Lauren died instead and that she never deserved Steven. Steven's tumour lie is revealed, so Abi attends Steven's funeral as the sole mourner and declares her love. Abi is fired from her job at the vets when they have CCTV evidence of her stealing medication. She asks Mick to extend her working hours at the pub, but he makes her redundant as they need to save money. Lauren eventually learns the truth about Abi and Steven's affair when she catches Abi wearing her wedding dress. Lauren is disgusted to learn that Abi is pregnant with Steven's baby, but over time, Lauren becomes more supportive.

Abi goes away, and on her return, is confused when people are showing hatred towards Max, unaware that he was involved in a plan to redevelop Albert Square, including turning business into luxury flats and evicting people from their homes and places of work. Abi and Lauren discover that Max knows Abi is pregnant; Lauren disowns him while Abi tries to offer support, but he insults her. However, they later make amends. On Christmas Day, Tanya returns to take Lauren and Abi away from Walford, revealing that Max killed Steven and tried to kill Jane. Lauren and Abi reject Max. Max goes to the roof of the Queen Vic, planning to jump, so Lauren and Abi climb on to the ledge to try and stop him. As Max agrees to his daughter's pleas to not jump, Lauren slips on the wet surface and Abi grabs her hand to stop her falling; both sisters fall off to the ground. Still alive, they are taken to hospital, where an ultrasound shows Abi's baby is alive. Abi has a CT scan and Lauren has surgery. Lauren recovers but Dr. Harding (Nick Waring) tells Max that Abi is brainstem dead and has no chance of regaining consciousness. Abi's baby is delivered via cesarean section. Max is hopeful that Abi will recover and does not tell Lauren the truth, but she slaps Max when she finds out. Max obtains a court order to stop Abi's life support being withdrawn and plans to take her to the US for a treatment that will cost £2,000,000, but Harding urges Max to do the dignified thing for Abi as she is already dead and as Abi is not a minor, he has no legal right to take her. Max names her baby Abi Branning, in her memory.

Character creation and development

Introduction and characterisation

Abi was introduced into the series in 2006, by executive producer Kate Harwood. The character and her casting was announced on 25 May 2006. She and her immediate family, father Max (Wood), mother Tanya (Joyner) and older sister Lauren (Duggan, recast to Jossa in 2010), are an extension of the Branning family, who have appeared in EastEnders since 1993. Fitzgerald, in her first major television role, began filming for the soap in May 2006 and made her first on-screen appearance in July. Fitzgerald's mother commented on her daughter's casting: "Personally, I feel I want to show how proud we are of her and to thank everyone who has prayed for her and helped her in any way. At first, it is just the look they go for. Then it is more intensive and she had to read from a script. By the second audition, she was still up against 60 or 70 people. You start thinking about it when she gets to the third audition, but when the agent rang up and said she had got the part it was an overwhelming feeling. You don't know what it means until that point". Fitzgerald was offered the part about three months after her final audition. As Fitzgerald was only 10 years old when she got the part, she was required to balance her filming requirements with schooling in Northampton, and learning lines. In 2012, she told Inside Soap that she thought she had messed up her audition, and did not realise how big the show was until she was older. In 2014, she told BBC Radio 1 that when she met Wood and Joyner, her on-screen parents, she realised it did not matter that she had messed up her lines in her last audition, because she looked like them both. Fitzgerald was required to cry on her first day of filming, and admitted in 2014 that this was embarrassing, and she was unable to produce tears, but was "just making noises". Fitzgerald was chaperoned by her mother until she was 16.

Abi has been described by the official EastEnders website as the family's "golden girl" compared to Lauren, hinting that she knows how to get her own way. She has been described as "bubbly" and "self-assured" with a nose for mischief. She has also been described as having the biggest heart in Walford, bringing out the best in the people around her. Jane Simon of the Daily Mirror said that Abi is a "real soft touch". Jon Wise from The People said that after Abi received a makeover in 2010, she "actually turned out to be quite pretty". In 2012, Fitzgerald told Inside Soap Laura-Jane Tyler that Abi has grown up in her first six years on screen, and is now sensible, "like a mother hen" and has had to mature quickly because of the dramatic situations she has been involved in. Tyler added that Abi is the most level-headed and sensible member of the Branning family and "puts her [family] to shame with her mature approach to [their problems]."

Early development
Abi's earlier storylines consist of her parents fighting for custody of her and her siblings, being injured in a collision with Deano Wicks' (Di Angelo) car and helping her friend Ben (Jones) with his abuse from stepmother Stella Crawford (Thompson) In February 2011, Abi was involved in a car accident with Max and would suffer severe injuries after their car collides with a lorry on the way to Tanya's wedding to her new partner Greg (Booth). The crash scenes were filmed on 6 March 2011 and aired on 14 April 2011. After these minor storylines, Joyner said that Fitzgerald should be involved in more complex storylines in 2012. She said, "I think it's going to be an exciting year for Lorna. She's been a natural on the show ever since she was younger, and I think she's one of our best actresses. What's lovely about this year is that she'll be doing her GCSEs, and then once that's out of the way, she can get something that's a bit heavier and a bit bigger. She'll be old enough to work longer hours, so I think they'd be mad if they didn't give her something to sink her teeth into at some point this year".

In November 2010, after sister Lauren was recast to Jossa, Jossa stated that she enjoys working with Fitzgerald, adding the two have a lot in common. Jossa, in 2012, wanted Lauren and Abi to bond more. She commented: "I think realistically they would when they're going through a family problem like this. It would bring the family a little bit closer. I think they are quite close already and they have a lot of family banter! They may not like each other as people, but they love each other as family". In December 2012, Fitzgerald conducted her first magazine interview and spoke of a storyline where Abi comforts Lauren over a relationship break up, saying "It's nice to see the little [sister] taking care of the bigger one."

Jay Brown and Ben Mitchell

In March 2011, Abi starts a relationship with Jay (Jamie Borthwick). Borthwick admitted that he is enjoying filming Jay and Abi's relationship. Speaking of Jay and Abi's relationship, Borthwick told Inside Soap, "I think Abi and Jay are a good couple," he said. "Jay's a right one – he's already had a crack at Abi's sister Lauren and now he's going for the younger one. He's got an eye for the Branning women". Fitzgerald said that Jay and Abi are "cute together" but she cringes at Abi because she is "lovey-dovey". The couple split in 2014 and Abi begins a relationship with Ben, knowing that he is gay but dismissing this and branding it a "phase". Speaking of his role, newcomer Harry Reid stated that Ben would "manipulate" Abi in his attempts to prove that he is straight.

Departure
On 10 September 2017, it was announced that Fitzgerald had been axed from the show by executive consultant John Yorke, along with Jacqueline Jossa. A spokesperson said: "We can confirm Jacqueline and Lorna will be leaving. They have been wonderful to work with and we wish them all the best for the future." Fitzgerald's final episode was broadcast on 19 January 2018, in which the character dies. At the end of the episode, instead of the usual closing title sequence, the image, focused on Abi's face, fades to black and no theme music is played.

Reception
Fitzgerald was nominated for the "Best Young Actor" at the 2010 Inside Soap Awards for her portrayal of Abi  though lost out to Coronation Street'''s, Alex Bain, who plays Simon Barlow. Fitzgerald won the award for "Best Dramatic Performance from a Young Actor or Actress" at the 2012 British Soap Awards 2012 an award which Tony Stewart from the Daily Mirror said was "well deserved". Fitzgerald said she did not expect to win the award. In January 2012, Kate White of Inside Soap praised both Fitzgerald and her character, saying "In Fitzgerald, EastEnders has the brightest young star in soap. The rest of her family are getting all the juicy stuff right now, but Abi's destined for great dramatic things. Mark our words". Her colleague, Steven Murphy, said Inside Soap had "long admired" Fitzgerald.

Stewart said, due to Max's past events with his family, what Abi might say when Max objects to her relationship with Jay, "It won't be her setting a gerbil on him", calling her a "goody-two-shoes". A writer from the Western Mail said that the Branning/Mitchell Feud makes Abi and Jay feel like "Walford's answer to Romeo and Juliet". Two writers from the Daily Mirror mocked the storyline where Abi turns down the trip to Costa Rica. One said, "An extreme case of soap agoraphobia as brilliant Abi sensibly turns down the chance to spend eight weeks in the tropical paradise of Costa Rica. But in the tiny micro-world of EastEnders, even the three-mile odyssey from Walford to the West End is considered an epic journey. So Central America is simply out of the question" with another saying, "Abi was a little girl arranging tearful funerals for her pets. But now she's a young teenager, secretly engaged to boyfriend Jay and planning to run away together. He then gives Abi an ultimatum: him or her trip to Costa Rica. Best pass her the suncream, then". However, Abi, along with the younger members of the cast were thought to be the blame of declining ratings for the show; "In the last two months, viewers have seen lots of Lauren, Lucy Beale (Hetti Bywater), Whitney Dean (Shona McGarty), Fatboy (Ricky Norwood), Ben Jay, Abi and Anthony Moon (Matt Lapinskas) – but not nearly so much of the classic characters". Inside Soap noted that Abi and Jay's relationship was popular with viewers.

The 2016 storyline in which Abi lies that she has suffered a miscarriage to cover up a pregnancy lie was criticised by Zoe Clark-Coates, co-founder and CEO of The Mariposa Trust, who said, "To regularly see TV shows using fake miscarriages as light entertainment could make people question genuine losses." In August 2017, Fitzgerald was longlisted for "Best Bad Girl" at the 2017 Inside Soap Awards, while she and Aaron Sidwell (Steven Beale) were longlisted for "Best Partnership". Fitzgerald made the viewer-voted shortlist in the "Best Bad Girl" category, but lost out to Gillian Kearney, who portrays Emma Barton in Emmerdale. The scene where Lauren and Abi fell from the roof of The Queen Vic was awarded "Scene of the Year" at the 2018 British Soap Awards, tying with Doctors who also won the same award for "The Bollywood Proposal". Abi's death was nominated for "Most devastating Soap Death" at the 2018 Digital Spy'' Reader Awards; it came in seventh place with 6.4% of the total votes.

See also
List of EastEnders characters (2006)
List of soap opera villains
"Who Killed Lucy Beale?"

References

External links

EastEnders characters
Television characters introduced in 2006
Child characters in television
Fictional receptionists
Fictional waiting staff
British female characters in television
Female villains
Teenage characters in television
Branning family

Abi Branning


Camp Curtin was a military training camp in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, during the American Civil War. It was the largest Union Army training camp during the war. There was also a supply depot, hospital and prisoner-of-war camp.

History
The news of the attack on Fort Sumter reached Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1861. President Abraham Lincoln called for 75,000 militiamen to serve for 90 days. These men were needed to put down the rebellion of the Southern states. In meetings across the North people cheered the flag and called those who seceded "traitors"! Across the North, eager volunteers responded to calls from local governmental officials to join newly raised state regiments. Governor Andrew Curtin of Pennsylvania issued a proclamation asking for 13,000 able-bodied Pennsylvania men to volunteer to help preserve the Union. Within three days, thousands of men had come to Harrisburg to enlist. But they had no place to organize or drill. Governor Curtin decided to use the County Agricultural Society in Harrisburg. Major Joseph F. Knipe officially opened the camp on April 18, 1861, and named it Camp Curtin in honor of the governor (the planned name had been Camp Union). By the end of April, it had sent 25 regiments into the field. From December 1861 to March 1862, the camp was commanded by Major Truman Seymour. In June and July of 1863, General Robert E. Lee invaded Pennsylvania for a second time. His target was Harrisburg and Camp Curtin. However, before he could get there, an accidental meeting between Confederate and Union troops started the Battle of Gettysburg. After the battle Lee's army retreated back to Virginia.

The camp
Over 300,000 soldiers passed through Camp Curtin, making it the largest army training camp during the Civil War. Harrisburg's location on major railroad lines running east and west, and north and south. This made it a very good location for moving men and supplies to the armies in the field. In addition to the Regular Army and Pennsylvania regiments, troops from Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Ohio and Wisconsin used Camp Curtin. The camp and surrounding area also saw service as a supply depot. There was a hospital as well as a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp. At the end of the war, Camp Curtin was used as a mustering-out point for thousands of troops on their way home. It was officially closed on November 11, 1865.

Related pages
 American Civil War
 Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

References

Other websites
 New Wayside Historical Markers
 Camp Curtin Historical Society; YouTube
 Camp Curtin anniversary celebrated in Harrisburg; YouTube

Union Army
United States Army
1860s in Pennsylvania
1861 in the United States
1862 in the United States
1863 in the United States
1864 in the United States
1865 in the United States

Camp Curtin


Hendrik van Oort (6 August 1775 in Utrecht – 17 February 1847 in Utrecht) was a 19th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands. Among his best known works are In the Meadow and The Shoemaker, the latter of which is on display at the Northampton Museum and Art Gallery, painted some time between 1800 and 1830.

Mainly a landscape painter, van Oort chose mainly quaint rural villages, small towns and rural folk as his subjects. But he also captured landscapes of cities such as Amsterdam; his landscape View of Canal, Amsterdam sold at the Amsterdam branch of Christie's on September 5, 2000, for $3,353.  A View Of The Sint Jan's Kerkhof was painted at Utrecht in 1824. Henrik's son, Pieter van Oort, was also a noted landscape artist and architect. Besides his son he taught the painter David van der Kellen Jr., who became a respected medallist and engraver.

References

External links

Hendrik van Oort on Artnet

1775 births
1847 deaths
19th-century Dutch painters
Dutch male painters
Artists from Utrecht
19th-century Dutch male artists

Hendrik van Oort


Formula One World Championship: Beyond the Limit, released in Japan as  is a racing game developed and published by Sega, with production assistance from by Fuji Television, and released for the Sega CD in 1994. As the name implies, the game places the player in the seat of a Formula One car complete with multiple teams and opponents, and all the licensed tracks of the series.

Beyond the Limit makes heavy use of scaling and rotating background layers and sprites, as well as limited use of texture mapped polygon graphics, with scaling and rotation one of the key features of the Sega CD console.  The effect is similar in some respects to Sega arcade games such as Super Monaco GP and Outrun, but far more advanced with the rotation, warping, and textured simple polygon models.

Gameplay
The player starts in a test track with a generic car, aiming for a top time in order to receive contract offers from Formula One teams. After accepting an offer, all the races on the season have to be completed and, depending on the player's performance, either bigger and better teams will offer their cars to the player character, or the player character gets fired.

Because Beyond the Limit was made after the 1993 season had already finished, the game includes all of the tracks used in the 1993 season, including a fictional 'Sega Park Circuit' course used for testing. Also included are all 35 drivers that drove at some point during the 1993 season, and as most of the driver changes occurred in the last third of the season, as you play near the ending of the season you'll begin to notice many of the driver's changing in the lower classed teams. Ayrton Senna is not included in the game as his license was held by his own game produced on the Sega Genesis/Mega Drive.

Changes for the Western release
In addition to the name, several changes were made for the North American and European releases. In the Japanese version, the control is slower as well as the acceleration speed, and the risk of engine failure is much higher. It is possible to have mechanical problems upon hitting an obstacle at high speed, which cannot happen in the North American and European versions. The turbo can only be used for about one full lap before an engine failure, while it was possible to use it for about four laps in the Western versions. Also, it is possible in the Japanese version to spin off the track under wet conditions even when not hitting any obstacles. Also during gameplay, the map and time are displayed at the top of the screen in the Japanese version. In the Western versions, these are displayed at the bottom.

Reception

GamePro commented that the game has well-done real world elements such as cars responding differently depending on what surface they're being driven on, but is sub-par when it comes to conventional racing elements. They noted specific problems such as touchy controls, the lack of a multiplayer mode, "the standard Sega CD pixelization", and confusing graphical elements such as overly small rear-view mirrors and a cockpit view that lies too close to the ground, and summarized, "If you enjoy figuring out the right tires for the right track and tackling the challenge of finding the perfect moment to pull into the pit, then Formula One is your game. If you want intense racing, however, you won't find it behind the wheel of this car."

References

1994 video games
Formula One video games
Sega CD games
Sega CD-only games
Video games set in 1993
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games scored by Jun Senoue
Video games scored by Yoshio Tsuru
Video games developed in Japan


Match of the Day Kickabout is a British children's television football programme that was broadcast on CBBC. It was previously presented by Ore Oduba and Radzi Chinyanganya. In its later series, it was hosted by Ben Shires, Kenzie Benali, John Farnworth and Liam MacDevitt. It was a spin-off from the long running weekly Match of the Day. It also replaced former Newsround spin-off Sportsround.

Format
The show features special guests, quizzes, and footballers answering questions about their team-mates. It also includes Premier League highlights, the WSL and the SPFL, formats called Rated and Street Five, and child-oriented videos called Your Skills.

External links

BBC Sport
BBC Television shows
Premier League on television
BBC children's television shows
2011 British television series debuts
2021 British television series endings
2010s British children's television series
2010s British sports television series
2020s British children's television series
2020s British sports television series

Match of the Day Kickabout


"Destiny -The Lovers-" is the fifth single by Versailles, released on October 27, 2010. This is the band's first single to feature new bassist Masashi. The single came in three editions: a regular with just the CD and two limited editions each with a different cover and DVD. The first included live performances from their concert at Tokyo's JCB Hall on April 30, 2010, the other has the promotional video for the title track. The version that appears on Holy Grail has an orchestrated intro.

Track listing

References

Versailles (band) songs
2010 singles
2010 songs
Songs written by Kamijo (musician)
Warner Music Japan singles

Destiny -The Lovers-


Kardámaina or Kardámena (), is a small Greek town 7 km from Kos Island International Airport at Antimacheia, situated mid-way along the south coast of the island of Kos. It lies in the municipal unit of Irakleides, in the Dodecanese. Once a small fishing village, it has been a popular summer destination for the past two decades, offering pubs, restaurants, bars, night clubs and watersports facilities. According to the 2011 census, there were 1,650 inhabitants census and a land area of 35.150 km². Between June and September, the town population triples due to the influx of tourists.

History
Kardamaina is built on the site of the ancient settlement of Alasarna. During the 2nd century BC, Alasarna was an important urban center with a thousand citizens (excluding slaves).

Archaeological excavations have brought to light some impressive ruins, such as a temple of Apollo, an extensive Early Christian settlement (one of the few known in Greece), and four basilicas that belong to the same period. Stone objects of everyday use (millstones, tools, vases, vessels), mostly made of volcanic and sedimentary rocks, have been recovered.

Gallery

Kos
Populated places in Kos (regional unit)

Kardamaina


Randy Blumer (born October 21, 1958, in Edmonton, Alberta) is widely acknowledged as having started the multibillion-dollar online poker industry with the launch of Planet Poker, the world's first real money online poker room on January 1, 1998.

Early life
Blumer was the younger of two boys. In 1970, the family moved to Europe when Randy's father, Carl, got the opportunity to work as a school counselor on a 2-year exchange in Germany. Blumer started playing poker in Germany in Grade 6 while traveling on road trips with the peewee all-star hockey team frequently returning from trips with additional pocket money gained from playing poker.

He made his first trip to Las Vegas when he turned 21 and was exposed to a "new" form of poker (limit Texas hold 'em) in both cash game and tournament format. Upon his return to Edmonton he introduced the game to his poker playing buddies. Throughout his time at university, Blumer supplemented his student income by wagering in a variety of formats. Poker was his preferred pastime as it offered both an intellectual challenge and significant financial opportunity.

Blumer graduated from the University of Alberta with a Bachelor of Science Degree in Mechanical Engineering (1983) and found employment as a Marine Systems Engineer in the Canadian Navy. After graduating and finding employment, marriage became the next priority. Blumer married Beverly in Victoria BC on July 26, 1985.

His engineering background was used for the majority of his naval career working in Canada's largest ever warship construction program. He achieved the rank of Lieutenant Commander before accepting an early retirement offer with the intent to make his fortune in online poker.

Poker career
Blumer started Planet Poker in the summer of 1997.  It became the first online real money cardroom when it converted from a free play site to a real money site on 1 January 1998.  Mike Caro and Roy Cooke both joined the Planet team in 1999 to provide their expertise in promoting Planet Poker.  He subsequently acted as a poker consultant to several other online casinos and cardrooms. His second-place finish in a field of over 6000 players in 2007 in the PokerStars million was his biggest poker payday to date.  Despite all of his successes in the poker arena, Blumer is strictly an amateur player. He has played poker at various venues in England, Ireland, France, Canada, the US and the Caribbean.

Planet Poker has reverted to "play for fun" status in response to changes in the legal status regarding real money online poker introduced in 2006 by the United States. Blumer also launched Skillride.com in 2007, the internet's first play-for-fun, subscription-based poker site to fully comply with the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act.

He and his wife Beverly have two children.

Notes

External links
 Planet Poker official site
 Skillride.com official site

Businesspeople from Edmonton
Canadian poker players
Living people
1958 births
University of Alberta alumni

Randy Blumer


Aku Kauste (born 17 November 1979) is a Finnish curler from Helsinki. He is currently the skip for the national team of Finland. Kauste is one of the most successful curling players in Finland, with over 20 medals in the Finnish Curling Championships (juniors, men's, mixed, mixed doubles).

Career
Kauste started curling in 1994 with his father Timo Kauste. In 1998, Kauste made his first international appearance at the World Junior Curling Championships.

Kauste played in the 2002 and 2003 World Curling Championships with Team Finland, skipped by Markku Uusipaavalniemi. He has played in the European Curling Championships four times; in a team skipped by Uusipaavalniemi in 2002, and 2004 in a team skipped by Tomi Rantamäki in 2009, and as skip in  2012 where he won the Group B competitions, promoting Finland to the Group A competitions in 2013.

Kauste skipped Team Finland at the 2012 European Mixed Curling Championship where Finland won bronze. The other players of the medal team were Aku's sister Oona Kauste, Pauli Jäämies and Sanna Puustinen.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Finnish male curlers
Sportspeople from Espoo
Sportspeople from Helsinki

Aku Kauste


Bold Strokes Books is a midsized independent publisher headquartered in Cambridge, New York that offers a diverse collection of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer general and genre fiction. Their list includes romance, mystery/intrigue, crime, erotica, speculative fiction (sci-fi/fantasy/horror), general fiction, and young adult fiction. The company was founded in July 2004 by Len Barot.

As of 2018, Bold Strokes Books has published over 1,000 works by more than 200 authors, in paperback, ebook, and audiobook formats.
Among its most notable titles are In Too Deep by Ronica Black (2005), Mistress of the Runes by Andrews & Austin (2007), Lady Knight by L-J Baker (2007), Blind Curves by Jacob and Diane Anderson-Minshall (2007) and Light by Nathan Burgoine (2013).

In 2007, Bold Strokes Books became the first LGBTQ publisher to be formally recognized by Romance Writers of America.

The company was also a sponsor of the annual Lesbian Book Festival in Palm Springs, California.

References

External links
Bold Strokes Books web site

Book publishing companies based in New York (state)
Rensselaer County, New York
Publishing companies established in 2004
LGBT book publishing companies

Bold Strokes Books


Endurance (also related to sufferance, forbearance, resilience, constitution, fortitude, persistence, tenacity, steadfastness, perseverance, stamina, and hardiness) is the ability of an organism to exert itself and remain active for a long period of time, as well as its ability to resist, withstand, recover from and have immunity to trauma, wounds, or fatigue.

The term is often used in the context of aerobic or anaerobic exercise. The definition of "long" varies according to the type of exertion – minutes for high intensity anaerobic exercise, hours or days for low intensity aerobic exercise. Training for endurance can reduce endurance strength unless an individual also undertakes resistance training to counteract this effect.

When a person is able to accomplish or withstand more effort than previously, their endurance is increasing. To improve their endurance they may slowly increase the amount of repetitions or time spent; in some exercises, more repetitions taken rapidly improve muscle strength but have less effect on endurance. Increasing endurance has been proven to release endorphins resulting in a positive mind. The act of gaining endurance through physical activity decreases anxiety, depression, and stress, or any chronic disease. Although a greater endurance can assist the cardiovascular system this does not imply that endurance is guaranteed to improve any cardiovascular disease. "The major metabolic consequences of the adaptations of muscle to endurance exercise are a slower utilization of muscle glycogen and blood glucose, a greater reliance on fat oxidation, and less lactate production during exercise of a given intensity."

The term stamina is sometimes used synonymously and interchangeably with endurance. Endurance may also refer to an ability to persevere through a difficult situation, to "endure hardship".

In military settings, endurance is the ability of  to sustain high levels of combat potential relative to its opponent over the duration of a campaign.

Philosophy
Aristotle noted similarities between endurance and self control: To have self control is to resist the temptation of things that seem immediately appealing, while to endure is to resist the discouragement of things that seem immediately uncomfortable.

Endurance Training

Different types of endurance performance can be trained in specific ways. Adaptation of exercise plans should follow individual goals.

Calculating the intensity of exercise the individual capabilities should be considered. Effective training starts within half the individual performance capability. Performance capability is expressed by maximum heart rate. Best results can be achieved in the range between 55% to 65% of maximum heart rate. Aerobic, anaerobic and further thresholds are not to be mentioned within extensive endurance exercises. Training intensity is measured via the heart rate.

Endurance-trained effects are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms
Between 2012 and 2019 at least 25 reports indicated a major role of epigenetic mechanisms in skeletal muscle responses to exercise.

Gene expression in muscle is largely regulated, as in tissues generally, by regulatory DNA sequences, especially enhancers. Enhancers are non-coding sequences in the genome that activate the expression of distant target genes, by looping around and interacting with the promoters of their target genes (see Figure "Regulation of transcription in mammals"). As reported by Williams et al., the average distance in the loop between the connected enhancers and promoters of genes is 239,000 nucleotide bases.

Endurance exercise-induced long-term alteration of gene expression by histone acetylation or deacetylation

After exercise, epigenetic alterations to enhancers alter long-term expression of hundreds of muscle genes. This includes genes producing proteins and other products secreted into the systemic circulation, many of which may act as endocrine messengers. Of 817 genes with altered expression, 157 (according to Uniprot) or 392 (according to Exocarta) of the proteins produced according to those genes were known to be secreted from the muscles. Four days after an endurance type of exercise, many genes have persistently altered epigentically regulated expression. Four pathways altered were in the platelet/coagulation system, the cognitive system, the cardiovascular system, and the renal system. Epigenetic regulation of these genes was indicated by epigenetic alterations in the distant upstream DNA regulatory sequences of the enhancers of these genes.

Up-regulated genes had epigenetic acetylations added at histone 3 lysine 27 (H3k27ac) of nucleosomes located at the enhancers controlling those up-regulated genes, while down-regulated genes had epigenetic acetylations removed from H3K27 in nucleosomes located at the enhancers that control those genes (see Figure "A nucleosome with histone tails set for transcriptional activation"). Biopsies of the vastus lateralis muscle showed expression of 13,108 genes at baseline before an exercise training program. Six sedentary 23-year-old Caucasian males provided vastus lateralis biopsies before entering an exercise program (six weeks of 60-minute sessions of riding a stationary cycle, five days per week). Four days after the exercise program was completed, biopsies of the same muscles had altered gene expression, with 641 genes up-regulated and 176 genes down-regulated. Williams et al. identified 599 enhancer-gene interactions, covering 491 enhancers and 268 genes, where both the enhancer and the connected target gene were coordinately either upregulated or downregulated after exercise training.

Endurance exercise-induced alteration to gene expression by DNA methylation or demethylation

Endurance muscle training also alters muscle gene expression through epigenetic DNA methylation or de-methylation of CpG sites within enhancers.  In a study by Lindholm et al., twenty-three 27-year-old, sedentary, male and female volunteers had endurance training on only one leg during three months. The other leg was used as an untrained control leg. Skeletal muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were taken both before training began and 24 hours after the last training session from each of the legs. The endurance-trained leg, compared to the untrained leg, had significant DNA methylation changes at 4,919 sites across the genome. The sites of altered DNA methylation were predominantly in enhancers. Transcriptional analysis, using RNA sequencing, identified 4,076 differentially expressed genes.

The transcriptionally upregulated genes were associated with enhancers that had a significant decrease in DNA methylation, while transcriptionally downregulated genes were associated with enhancers that had increased DNA methylation. In this study, the differentially methylated positions in enhancers with increased methylation were mainly associated with genes involved in structural remodeling of the muscle and glucose metabolism. The differentially decreased methylated positions in enhancers were associated with genes functioning in inflammatory/immunological processes and transcriptional regulation.

References

See also

Exercise

Athletic training
Physical exercise
Physical fitness

Endurance


Father Francis Vincent Tiso (born 19 September 1950) is a Catholic priest, scholar, and writer interested in inter-religious dialogue and Tibetan Buddhism. He teaches Tibetan Buddhism at the Pontifical Gregorian University (Universita' Pontificia Gregoriana:  Istituto di Studi Interdisciplinari su Religioni e Culture) in Rome. He translated several early biographies of the Tibetan yogi and poet, Milarepa and studied the rainbow body phenomenon in Tibet. He has led research expeditions in South Asia, Tibet and the Far East, and his teaching interests include Christian theology, history of religions, spirituality, ecumenism and interreligious dialogue.

Early life

Tiso was born in New York, and received an A.B. in medieval studies from Cornell University, a Master of Divinity degree (cum laude) at Harvard University and a doctorate from Columbia University and Union Theological Seminary where his specialization was Buddhist studies. He was assigned to the Archdiocese of San Francisco where he served as parochial vicar of St. Thomas More Church and chaplain at San Francisco State University and the University of California Medical School. He was also visiting professor in the archdiocesan School of Pastoral Leadership, where he taught courses in foundational theology. He also served as parochial vicar in Eureka, CA and in Mill Valley, CA.

Interreligious dialogue

In 1995 Tiso was invited to accompany Cardinal Francis Arinze, then head of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, to a dialogue with Buddhist leaders in Taiwan. He has traveled extensively in India, Nepal, Tibet, Thailand, Japan, and Bangladesh. He was associate director of the Secretariat for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs of the US Conference of Catholic Bishops from 2004 to 2009, where he served as liaison to Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, the Sikhs, and traditional religions as well as the reformed confessions.

Pastoral activities in Italy

Since 1987 (diaconate), he has been a priest (ordained on May 19, 1988) of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Isernia-Venafro, Italy, where he served as pastor of the parish of St. Michael in Fornelli (IS) until 2015 and now as assistant pastor of the parish of St. Joseph in Isernia. He was Diocesan Delegate for Ecumenical and Inter-religious Affairs from 1990 to 1998 and rector of the Istituto Diocesano delle Scienze Religiose. He was also chaplain of the  Hermitage of Saints Cosmas and Damian at Isernia from 1988 to 1998.

Research and teaching
Tiso taught Tibetan Buddhism at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome and he was visiting lecturer at the University of Rome "La Sapienza", Department of Oriental Studies. In 1984–85, he was teaching assistant, at   Columbia University in New York. He is the recipient of grants from the American Academy of Religion, the American Philosophical Society, the Palmers Fund in Switzerland, and the Institute of Noetic Sciences in Petaluma, CA. In 2005-2008 he was editor of the Journal of the Society for Buddhist-Christian Studies. Francis Tiso is a musician and paints in acrylics and watercolors.

Books
Rainbow Body and Resurrection: Spiritual Attainment, the Dissolution of the Material Body, and the Case of Khenpo A Chö.  North Atlantic Books, 2016.

Liberation in One Lifetime:  Biographies and Teachings of Milarepa.  North Atlantic Books, 2014.

Liberation in One Lifetime:  Biographies and Teachings of Milarepa.  (Isernia:  Pro Forma Designs: A Colle Croce Book, 2010)

"Muslim-Catholic Dialogues Sponsored by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops"  (Part I: December 2009; N.350;  Second Part:  January 2010, N. 351):  Encounter:  Documents for Muslim-Christian Understanding, Pontificio  Istituto di Studi Arabi e d'Islamistica, Roma.

Supplement on line to The New Catholic Encyclopedia:  "Buddhism" (with Charles Jones), 2010.

"Penance and Confession of Sins" in Encyclopedia of Women and World Religion, NY  Macmillan Reference, 1998.

"Child Deities" in Encyclopedia of Women and World Religion,  Macmillan Reference, 1998.

"The Voice of Milarepa:  Redaction-critical Research on the Songs and Oral  Teachings".   VIIIth international seminar of the IATS, Bloomington, IN, July 26, 1998.

(editor).  The Sign Beyond All Signs: Christian Monasticism in Dialogue with India.  (Asirvanam Monastery, Bangalore, 1997).

"Intervista di Vincenzo Piga con don Francis Tiso: Una risposta alla Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede sulla Meditazione Cristiana":  Paramita,   1996.

"The Religion of Milarepa Before His Conversion,"  in U. Bianchi, ed., The Notion of "Religion" in Comparative Research:  Selected Proceedings of the XVI IAHR Congress (1990)  Roma:  "L'Erma" di Bretschneider, 1994.

"A Buddhist Classification of Reality: A Translation of the First Chapter of the Abhidharmakośa", Abhidharma Research Institute No. 6 (1987).

Francis Tiso:  A Young Person's Book of Catholic Signs and Symbols  (NY: Doubleday, 1982).

"Love's Conspirators: Builders of Earth-House-Hold," J. Perlinski, ed. The Spirit of the Earth: A Teilhard Centennial Celebration (NY: The Seabury Press, 1982).

Francis Tiso and Br. David Steindl-Rast, O.S.B.:  "Meditation", Encyclopedia Americana, 1980.

References

External links
 The Rainbow Body Phenomenon" with Father Francis Tiso
 The Rev. Francis V. Tiso Website
 The Francis V. Tiso biography from the institute of Noetic Sciences

Living people
Harvard Divinity School alumni
1950 births
Cornell University alumni
Columbia University alumni
Union Theological Seminary (New York City) alumni

Francis Tiso


Eleven Past One or at times 1:11 is a Canadian pop music band, most notable for their single The World Is Ours.

The band formed in 2007 in Bowmanville, Ontario. The members are two brothers, lead singer Daniel Richter and guitarist Stephen Richter, as well as their friends Kyle Bykiv on guitar, and Steve Patenaude on drums.

In early 2009, the band hooked a trailer to their SUV and drove around the south of the United States living in trailerparks with no electricity or running water for six months. Singer Daniel Richter, his brother and guitarist Stephen Richter and drummer Steve Patenaude played in Cocoa Beach for sunbathers.

The trio eventually met an investor and a producer, which led to a three-month recording session in Los Angeles and a debut LP, The Ultimate Catch. The album caught the attention of manager Eric Clinger who further introduced the group to Hedley and Simple Plan producer Brian Howes. This led to a collaboration that yielded the band's breakthrough single- The World Is Ours .

Eleven Past One took the song directly to Virgin Radio in Toronto. "The World Is Ours" soon became a top 15 radio hit in Canada, its Cuba-shot video gained 750,000 hits on YouTube and the group signed a deal with Warner Music Canada. "The World Is Ours" was certified gold in Canada on July 25, 2013. It spent 11 weeks on Billboard's Canadian Hot 100, peaking at number 32 and 20 weeks on the Canadian singles chart, peaking at number 23.

The band released the EP The World Is Ours in November 2014. The eight-track record features collaborations with Ryan Williams (Pink, Kelly Clarkson), Ryan Stewart (Carly Rae Jepsen, Victoria Duffield) as well as Andy Stochansky and Goo Goo Dolls front man John Rzeznik, who produced the pensive piano ballad "There's Nothing Wrong."

Eleven Past One has performed with Cody Simpson, Hedley, Down with Webster and many more. Their biggest show to date was alongside R5 and Zendaya at the Molson Canadian Amphitheatre; the show was sold out and televised on the Family Channel.

TV performances include MuchMusic's New Music Live, The Marilyn Denis Show, YTV's The Next Star, Canada AM, The Morning Show, Breakfast Television, CP24, Family Channel and Juicebox.

The band committed to touring across North America and around the world in 2014 and 2015. January 16th 2017, the band released a new single, "Forever Now"  through a U.S record company called Reliant Music. Their next single, "Dynamite" is scheduled to be released March 20th 2017.

Daniel Richter, the lead vocalist of the band is featured on the 2014 hit "Light Up" by the Canadian artist iSH (Ishan Morris).

In 2017, Eleven Past One released a lyric video version of their non-album single,"Closer".

However, since its release no one has heard anything else from the band.

Members
Daniel Richter – vocals
Stephen Richter – guitar
Justin Hartshorn - bass
Steve Patenaude – drums

 Former members
Dan Beattie – bass
Kyle Bykiv - guitar

Discography

Studio albums

Singles

Music videos

Daniel Richter discography

As featured artist

References

External links
 Facebook
 Eleven Past One at last.fm

Musical groups established in 2007
Canadian pop music groups
Musical groups from the Regional Municipality of Durham
2007 establishments in Ontario
Canadian musical quintets

Eleven Past One


Terry K. Amthor (October 18, 1958 – September 25, 2021) was an American game designer who worked primarily on role-playing games, and as a fantasy author.

Early life and education
Amthor was born in Chicago but soon moved to Manitowoc, Wisconsin and then, at the age of six, to Bethel Park, Pennsylvania. He later attended Bethel Park High School. He was also the fiction editor of the school literary magazine Vernissage and a member of the ironically named physics and science enthusiasts club the Flat Earth Society.

He attended the University of Virginia School of Architecture in 1976. At UVA, he first discovered Dungeons & Dragons through a gaming group led by Pete Fenlon, who was running a campaign set in Middle-earth. While at UVA, he took a number of classes in architectural history, focusing on Greek, Roman, and Pre-Columbian architecture. He also took graduate-level classes in advanced mathematics and art history. Amthor went on to graduate in 1980 with a Bachelor of Science in Architectural Design, while maintaining his close associations with the Fenlon group throughout his college years. This association led to his participation in the founding of Iron Crown Enterprises.

Amthor's first published work was a Star Wars parody, "Raker Wars," for the University of Virginia weekly paper The Declaration.

Career at ICE
Though Iron Crown Enterprises was founded and incorporated in 1980, initially it could afford few full-time employees. From 1980 to 1982, Terry Amthor worked at UVa's Fiske-Kimball Fine Arts Library and what was known then as the Sci-Tech Library Engineering and Science Library, serving in the bibliography departments of both libraries, and also contributing to the initial Library of Congress conversion from a card catalog to an online catalog, via OCLC.

Amthor was one of the original founders of Iron Crown Enterprises (ICE) in 1980, along with Pete Fenlon, S. Coleman Charlton, Richard H. Britton, Bruce Shelley, Bruce Neidlinger, Kurt Fischer, Heike Kubasch, and Olivia Johnston.

Amthor wrote Court of Ardor (1983), an early Middle-earth campaign game book published by ICE as a Rolemaster supplement. In many ways it did not follow the 'feel' of Middle-earth and Pete Fenlon in an interview years later referred to Ardor as a 'rogue' module. Perhaps ironically, Court of Ardor has since become one of the most sought after ICE Middle-earth sourcebooks on bidding sites.

Amthor was a major contributor to the original Rolemaster system, including Arms Law and Character Law, but mainly to Spell Law, working with Olivia Johnston. In particular, Amthor and Johnston worked to create the realm of Mentalism

Amthor wrote the first Middle-earth solo adventure book A Spy in Isengard, after the line was re-licensed to George Allen & Unwin, and had to be approved by a 'Tolkien Scholar'. A Spy in Isengard was eventually translated into several languages.

Amthor also collaborated with Kevin Barrett in the creation of Spacemaster (1985), the science-fiction version of Rolemaster, which also had a second edition in 1988.

While at ICE, Amthor also wrote many game supplements for Rolemaster, MERP, and Spacemaster, including some Spacemaster supplements under the pseudonym "A. Brooke Lindsay". In the early '80s he also wrote a multi-issue mystery story set in Spacemaster for Alarums and Excursions under another, even more fanciful, pseudonym, "Preston Eisenhower IV", which he also used as editor of the ICE's irregular tabloid, the IQ, or Iron Crown Quarterly.

He later gave over editorial duties to become Production Manager and eventually Art Director at ICE, as the company grew and the founders needed to assume new duties. He worked with acclaimed artist Angus McBride, at first through ICE's Art Director Rick Britton, and then personally, to help create some of ICE's most iconic Middle-earth covers, including Lorien.

The second edition of Rolemaster (1989) was supported by Amthor's Shadow World campaign setting, which combined the older Loremaster background with a larger setting. ICE needed its own fantasy world, and tapped Amthor to build on Fenlon's original Iron Wind and Vog Mur concepts, and create a unified fantasy world. He created a high-fantasy world with science fiction legacy elements. While superficially similar to standard fantasy (e.g., Elves, wizards), it has a complex history featuring numerous factions, good and evil, vying for control. Elves are portrayed as technology-obsessed, even to the point of being 'steampunk.'

Amthor also wrote an article for White Wolf Magazine, "Queer as a Three-sided Die", about being gay and a gamer.

Amthor was guest of honor at the Boras Spelkonvent 8, a gaming convention in Sweden, November 1990, and led a Middle-earth tournament.

Later work
After leaving ICE full-time in 1992, Amthor co-founded Metropolis Ltd. in order to produce the English-language version of the controversial Swedish modern-horror game Kult. In 1992–1994, Amthor edited, co-authored and art-directed several books for the line.

He also wrote one module for Dungeons & Dragons: Thief's Challenge II: Beacon Point. Amthor says that it was initially difficult to get inspired about a generic adventure, and that he finds it much easier to write Shadow World and Space Master material. (despite that initial difficulty, the adventure has received some good acclaim.)

In 1992, Amthor founded Eidolon Studio, writing Shadow World supplements under license from ICE. He published the third edition of his Shadow World Master Atlas (2001) through Eidolon. He continued to write and produce RPG supplements for the current incarnation of Iron Crown Enterprises, Guild Companion Publications, until his death in 2021. Mjolnir LLC published the Shadow World Master Atlas Fourth Edition (2003), Amthor's 224-page compendium for the Shadow World. Shadow World Player Guide: The World (2010) by Amthor was a reintroduction to the Shadow World setting, and was published by Guild Companion Publications. He published his first fantasy novel, Loremaster Legacy, (set in the Shadow World environment) in 2013.

Personal life
After graduating from the University of Virginia in 1980, Amthor continued to live in Charlottesville, Virginia until 1992. Then he moved to Arlington County, Virginia, until October 2015, when he moved back to Charlottesville, where he resided until his death. He travelled extensively, to the United Kingdom, Italy (Florence, Siena and Venice), Greece (Athens, Olympia, and several islands, including Crete, Mykonos, and Santorini), Turkey, Switzerland, and several countries in Central America to visit Maya Pre-Columbian era sites, including Chichen Itza, Tikal, Copán, and Tulum.

Partial Publications List

At Iron Crown Enterprises
The Iron Wind (co-author), Rolemaster, (1980)
Spell Law (co-author). (1983, 1984)
Court of Ardor in Southern Middle-earth (1983)
The Cloudlords of Tanara. (1984)
Space Master RPG (with Kevin Barrett) 1st and 2nd Editions. (1985, 1988, 1992)
Action on Akaisha Outstation (1985)
Lords of Middle-earth Vol 1: The Immortals (co-author) (1986)
Lórien & The Halls of the Elven Smiths (1986)
Lost Telepaths: House Kashmere (1986)
Spacemaster Companion (co-author) (1986)
League of Merchants (as A. Brooke Lindsay), (1987)
Rivendell (1987)
The Cygnus Conspiracy (as Alexander Brooke Lindsay III) (1987)
A Spy in Isengard (Middle-earth Quest Solo Adventure) (1988)
Teeth of Mordor (1988)
Raiders from the Frontier (as Alexander Brooke Lindsay III) (1989)
Shadow World Master Atlas 1st Edition (1989)
Jaiman: Land of Twilight (1989)
Shadow World: Emer the Great Continent (1990)
Shadow World Master Atlas 2nd Edition (1992)
Eidolon: City in the Sky (1992)

With Metropolis Ltd
Kult RPG Core Rules. (Editor/graphic designer; additional English-language material). (1993)
Kult: Legions of Darkness. (Editor/graphic designer; additional English-language material). (1994)

With Eidolon Studio
Emer Atlas I: Haestra. (1997)
Haalkitaine. (1998)
Emer Atlas II: The Northeast. (1999)
Shadow World Master Atlas 3rd Edition. (2001)
The Loremaster Legacy. (Shadow World novel) (2013)

With the 'new' Iron Crown Enterprises/Guild Companion
Powers of Light & Darkness. (2003)
The Land of Xa-ar. (2010)
Shadow World Player Guide: The World. (2010)
The Cloudlords of Tanara. (Second Edition) (2013)
Emer III: The Southeast. (2014)
Tales from the Green Gryphon Inn. (2015)
Eidolon: City in the Sky (Second Edition). (2015)

References

External links
:: Raker Wars in the UVa archives
:: Tolkien Gateway bibliography
:: RPG Net bibliography
:: A Brief History of ICE
:: Iron Crown Enterprises
:: Eidolon Studio

1958 births
2021 deaths
Artists from Chicago
Dungeons & Dragons game designers
People from Bethel Park, Pennsylvania
Role-playing game artists
University of Virginia School of Architecture alumni

Terry K. Amthor


The revision of neologisms
On this page we list all the words from this list. They will not appear in the list in order to make it more reliable. If you know more about the words below please start a discussion on the discussion page to this article. Thank you!

𐌰
af-muns, mi. - chance (What is it behind this word? What meaning of chance is meant here)
af-wigis, adv. (gen.) - incidentally; by the way (I would rather suggest the meaning of 'apart, off of the way' ger. 'abseits, vom Weg ab')
agati - magpie (Old High German 'agastra', but this can't be used for Gothic, '*ago' is only attested for Westgermanic. Something else has to be found)
agláiti, sn. (new sense) - pornographic (I would use the Greek word for it: paurnografus fu.)
áihti-láus, a. - proletarian (This word just means 'propertyless', whereas 'proletarian' means 'being in the work class/class of wage earners')
aíkaúnaúmi, fjo. - economy (Is the ending correct?)
áiqaírna, mn., áikwaírna, mn. - squirrel (What orthography should be used? And I would suggest:áikwohaúrn(il)a, similar to other Germanic languages)
Aírmana, mn. - Ermino - Grimm (Who/What is Ermino?)
aírþa-aléw, na., (Lat. ''petroleum'', G. ''Steiöl'') - petroleum (G. ''Erdöl'', Ic. ''jarðolía''); stáina-aléw, na. (I have the feeling that 'aléw' is a bad reconstruction since 'oil' comes from Latin 'oleum' or Ancient Greek 'élaion'.)

𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃

Portal:𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳𐌰𐌱𐍉𐌺𐍉𐍃/Revision


The   was a Japanese reconnaissance aircraft and a light attack bomber of the Second Sino-Japanese War and Pacific War. It began as a fast civilian mail-plane. It was a single-engine, low-wing, cantilever monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage; it carried a crew of two. It served with both the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy (as the C5M).  During World War II it was code-named "Babs" by the Allies.

Design and development
The Ki-15 was designed by the Mitsubishi corporation to meet an Imperial Japanese Army Air Force requirement of 1935 for a two-seat, high-speed reconnaissance aircraft. The resulting aircraft was a low-wing cantilever monoplane with a fixed, spatted undercarriage, similar to other all-metal stressed-skin monoplanes developed elsewhere in 1930s, such as the Heinkel He 70 and the Northrop Alpha. Power was by a single Nakajima Ha-8 radial engine, giving 560 kW (750 hp) at 4,000 m (13,120 ft). The first prototype flew in May 1936, with testing proving successful, the aircraft meeting all performance requirements, reaching a speed of 481 km/h (299 mph) and showing good handling characteristics.

Service testing was completed without difficulty and the type was ordered into production under the official designation Army Type 97 Command ReconnaissanceAircraft Model 1.  In May 1937, a year after the first flight, delivery of the first of 437 production aircraft to the army began.

Operational history
The Ki-15-I was almost immediately placed into operational service at the beginning of the war with China in 1937. The aircraft proved useful in the early period of the Second Sino-Japanese War and performed missions deep into Chinese strategic rear areas, as far as reaching Lanzhou, and in particular serving as pre-strike guide and post-strike observation during the years-long Battle of Chongqing-Chengdu. Its high speed gave it a distinct advantage until the Chinese Air Force acquired Soviet-made Polikarpov I-16 Type 17 fighters; a Ki-15 was shot down along with three bombers by I-16 Type 17 fighters of the 24th PS, 4th PG over Liangshan Airbase on 20 May 1940. It was used for level bombing, close support and photo reconnaissance before being eventually replaced by the Mitsubishi Ki-30.

Plans were already in hand to improve the Ki-15-I, and in September 1939 the Ki-15-II was put into production with the  Mitsubishi Ha-26-1; the smaller diameter of this both reduced drag and overcame one of the major shortcomings of the initial version: poor forward field of view past the large-diameter of the initial Nakajima Kotobuki engine. The improved version entered production in September 1939 as the Ki-15-II.

The Japanese Navy, impressed by the performance of this aircraft, ordered 20 examples of the Ki-15-II under the designation "Navy Type 98 Reconnaissance Aircraft Model 1," or Mitsubishi designation C5M1, even before the Army. The Navy subsequently acquired 30 C5M2 aircraft which had an even more powerful  Nakajima Sakae 12 engine. They were used for reconnaissance duties.
In further development, the army also experimented with an even more powerful engine with  Mitsubishi 102 radial in the Ki-15-III which did not enter production.

When production ended, approximately 500 examples of all versions of the Ki-15 had been built, the majority in front-line service when the Pacific War began. By 1943, the Ki-15 had been relegated to second-line roles, but numbers were expended in kamikaze attacks in the closing stages of World War II.

World record flight to Europe and other civilian use

Despite the relatively weak engine (by later standards) and fixed undercarriage, the Ki-15 was remarkably fast. During the initial flight testing, the Asahi newspaper Asahi Shimbun obtained permission to purchase the second prototype. The aircraft was given the designation Karigane (Wild Goose), flying on 19 March 1937, being named Kamikaze and registered as J-BAAI. It was the first Japanese-built airplane to fly to Europe and caused a sensation in 1937 by making the flight between Tokyo and London, for the coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, between 6 April 1937 and 9 April 1937 in a flight time of 51 hours, 17 minutes and 23 seconds, a world record at the time. Following the success of the Japan-England flight, a small number of Ki-15s were sold to civil customers. One of the early production aircraft was named "Asakaze" (J-BAAL) and was also used by the Asahi Shimbun newspaper; others were used by various civilian operators as mail-planes.

Variants
 Karigane I : Prototype version for civilian use
Ki-15-I (Army Type 97 Command Reconnaissance Aircraft Model 1) : Initial production variant for the Japanese Army, with Nakajima Ha-8 (Army Type 94) 640 hp at take-off, 900 hp at 11,810 ft (3,600 m)
Ki-15-II (Army Type 97 Command Reconnaissance Model 2) : Improved Army production version with smaller, more powerful engine 14-cylinder Mitsubishi Ha-25-I (Army Type 99 Model 1), with 850 hp at take-off, 900 hp at 11,810 ft. This gave an increased maximum speed of 317 mph at 14,205 ft (510 km/h at 4,300 m), roughly comparable with fighters like Hawker Hurricane or the Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa. Rate of climb was even more improved: 16,405 ft (5,000 m) in 6 min 49 sec (6,83 min), and was achieved despite the increase in weight (empty, normal, max: 3,510 vs 3,084 lb, normal 4,826 vs 4,482 and max 5,470 vs 5,071 lb). Maiden flight in June 1938, production started in September 1939
Ki-15-III  : Proposed upgraded version; did not enter production. It had the Mitsubishi Ha-102 engine ( at take-off,  at  and  at ), with a top speed of 329 mph (530 km/h), roughly the same as Ki-46 "Dinah".  The latter was expected to be far better in other ways (endurance, two engines, etc.) so this Ki-15 version never went into production
C5M1 (Navy Type 98 Reconnaissance Aircraft Model I) : Improved version of Ki-15-I for the Japanese Navy
C5M2 (Navy Type 98 Reconnaissance Aircraft Model 2) : Upgraded version of C5M1 with more powerful engine for the Japanese Navy

Operators

 Imperial Japanese Army Air Force
 Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
 Various civilian entities, including the Asahi Shimbun

 People's Liberation Army Air Force operated an unknown number of captured aircraft. A number of abandoned Ki-15s were captured near Harbin in June 1946, and by 1948, they were completely repaired and entered service as trainers. The last two Ki-15 retired in 1951.

Specifications (Ki-15-I)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Daves Warbirds
 Imperial Japanese Aviation Resource Center

Low-wing aircraft
Ki-15, Mitsubishi
Ki-15, Mitsubishi
Ki-15, Mitsubishi
Ki-015
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1936

Mitsubishi Ki-15


J. Michael Diack (John Michael Diack, June 26, 1869, Glasgow–February 2, 1946, London) was a Scottish musician,  superintending the teaching of music in the Glasgow area. His activities were varied: he founded the Glasgow Bach Choir in 1906; he made English translations of choral works by Bach and Handel; he was instrumental in founding the Royal Scottish Country Dance Society and publishing their music; and, in his own compositions, he arranged nursery rhymes in the style of Handel.

Choral music
In 1906 he founded the Glasgow Bach Choir: since the original Bach Choir in London was established in 1875 with the aim of performing Bach's B minor mass in its entirety, the popularity of Bach's music resulted in similar choirs being formed over the country.  Diack also made several English translations of choral works of Bach and Handel for Breitkopf & Härtel, one of the main musical publishing houses.

Scottish country dance
In 1923 he became one of the founding members of the Scottish Country Dance Society when he suggested a meeting with Jean Milligan and Ysobel Stewart, who, as principal organisers, rapidly built up the Society. In 1951. under George VI and the future Queen, it became the Royal Scottish Country Dance Society. Diack arranged settings of numerous dances for the publishing company Paterson Sons & Co of Wigmore Street, London, and Buchanan Street, Glasgow.

Nursery rhymes
As an individual musician, apart from his ballads, his idiosyncratic arrangements included "Sing a Song of Sixpence," "Mary Had a Little Lamb," "Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary," "Little Boy Blue," "Old Mother Hubbard" and "Little Jack Horner", set in the style of George Frederick Handel.

Teaching and song books
For music students he wrote several pedagogical books: "Vocal Exercises on Tone-Placing and Enunciation" (1920)' "Five Minute Daily Exercises on Vocal Techniques" (1920); and "Tone Colour and Interpretation" (1926). He edited the "New Scottish Orpheus", containing 200 songs, and "The Burns Songbook", containing 50 songs. Diack became a Professor of singing at the "Athenaeum School of Music" in Glasgow. That institution changed its name first to the "Scottish National Academy of Music," then to the "Royal Scottish Academy of Music" and finally to the "Royal Conservatoire of Scotland".

References

External links

1869 births
1946 deaths
Translators to English

J. Michael Diack


Harriet Hawkins  (born 1980) is a British cultural geographer. She is Professor of Human Geography at Royal Holloway, University of London, where she is the founder and Co-Director of the Centre for Geo-Humanities (with Veronica Della Dora), and the Director of the Technē AHRC Doctoral Training Partnership. As part of Research Excellence Framework 2021, she is a member of the Geography and Environmental Studies expert sub-panel. In 2016, she was winner of a Philip Leverhulme Prize and the Royal Geographical Society Gill Memorial Award. In 2019, she was awarded a five-year European Research Council grant, as part of the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. She was previously the Chair of the Royal Geographical Society Social and Cultural Geography Research Group.

Career

Hawkins' research is focused on the advancement of the geo-humanities, a field that sits at the intersection of geographical scholarship with arts and humanities scholarship and practice. Empirically, she explores the geographies of art works and art worlds.

She was educated at the University of Nottingham, where she completed a Bachelor of Arts degree in geography with first-class honours (winning the School of Geography Prize and the Edwards Prize), a Master of Arts degree in landscape and culture, and a Doctor of Philosophy degree examining the geographies of art and rubbish, funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), and supervised by Stephen Daniels. After leaving Nottingham, she held AHRC Research Fellowships at the University of Exeter and Aberystwyth University, and was a lecturer at the University of Bristol, before arriving at Royal Holloway, University of London in 2012. She was promoted to professor in 2016.

At Royal Holloway, she is also founder and the Co-Director of the Centre for the Geo-Humanities with Veronica Della Dora.  The centre connects arts and humanities scholars and practitioners, geographers and the creative and cultural sectors. It encourages work with an arts and humanities perspective on issues that have a strong geographical resonance, such as space, place, landscape, and environment. Its over 50 members include: Felix Driver, Robert Hampson, Julian Johnson, and Jo Shapcott.

She serves as the Director of the Technē AHRC Doctoral Training Partnership which awards 60 doctoral studentships per year, across nine academic institutions in London and the South East of England, in partnership with organisations such as Historic Royal Palaces, the Institute of Contemporary Arts, the National Theatre and the Victoria and Albert Museum.

She is also managing editor of the journal Cultural Geographies, and associate editor of GeoHumanities. She was the Chair of the Royal Geographical Society Social and Cultural Geography Research Group, and is currently a Panel Chair for the United Kingdom Research and Innovation Future Leader Fellowships Peer Review College. She was appointed member of the Geography and Environmental Studies expert sub-panel for the 2021 UK Research Excellence Framework assessment.

She has delivered over 60 invited lectures, keynotes and plenaries in 16 countries, and examined over 30 doctoral theses in nine countries. In April 2019, Hawkins delivered the Cultural Geographies Annual Lecture, titled Going Underground: Creating Subterranean Imaginations, at the American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting in Washington, DC. In July 2020, she will be a plenary speaker at The Institute of Australian Geographers annual conference.

In December 2019, it was announced that Hawkins was one of 301 researchers, across all disciplines and from 24 countries, selected from 2,453 applicants for the award of a prestigious five-year European Research Council Consolidator Grant, as part of the Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, for her project Thinking Deep – Novel creative approaches to the underground, providing funding of up to €2 million.

Honours and awards

 European Research Council Consolidator Grant, Thinking Deep – Novel creative approaches to the underground (2020–2025)
 Cultural Geographies Annual Lecture, Going Underground: Creating Subterranean Imaginations (2019)
 Chair of the Royal Geographical Society Social and Cultural Geography Research Group (2016–2019)
 AHRC Leadership Fellowship (2016–2018)
 Philip Leverhulme Prize (2016)
 Royal Geographical Society Gill Memorial Award (2016)
 Progress in Human Geography prize for the best paper of the year: Geography and Art. An Expanding Field: Site, The Body and Practice (2013)
 Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society (2007)

Selected publications

Since 2009, Hawkins has achieved over 80 peer-reviewed outputs, including:

Books
 Geography, Art, Research: Artistic Research in the GeoHumanities (Routledge 2020),
 Geographies of Making, Craft and Creativity (Editor with Laura Price) (Routledge 2018),
 Creativity (Routledge 2016),
 Geographical Aesthetics: Imagining Space, Staging Encounters (Editor with Elizabeth Straughan) (Ashgate 2015),
 For Creative Geographies: Geography, Visual Arts and the Making of Worlds (Routledge 2013),

Journal articles
 Underground imaginations, environmental crisis and subterranean cultural geographies. Cultural Geographies (2020)
 (W)holes – Volume, Horizon, Surface – Three intimate geologies. Emotion, Space and Society (2019)
 Geography's creative (re)turn: Toward a critical framework. Progress in Human Geography (2018)
 To talk of turns. Three cross-disciplinary provocations for creative turns. Journal of Contemporary Archaeology (2018)
 Creative geographic methods: knowing, representing, intervening. On composing place and page. Cultural Geographies (2015)
 Geography and art. An expanding field: Site, the body and practice. Progress in Human Geography (2013)
 Dialogues and doings: Sketching the relationships between geography and art. Geography Compass (2011)
 'The argument of the eye'? The cultural geographies of installation art. Cultural Geographies (2010)

References

1980 births
Living people
Academics of Royal Holloway, University of London
Academics of the University of London
Academics of the University of Bristol
Academics of the University of Exeter
Academics of Aberystwyth University
Alumni of the University of Nottingham
People educated at Wellington School, Somerset
People from Honiton
Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society
English geographers
Human geographers
Cultural geographers
Women geographers
21st-century geographers
21st-century English women
English feminists
British women social scientists
British social scientists
Women art historians
English art historians
21st-century English educators
21st-century British women educators

Harriet Hawkins


Ferdo Delak (June 29, 1905 – January 16, 1968) was a Slovene theater and film director and journalist.

Delak was born in Gorizia on June 29, 1905. He studied at the University of Ljubljana's Faculty of Arts, and then later in Vienna, Berlin, Prague, and Paris. He graduated from the Mozarteum University of Salzburg in 1935.

Delak was one of the first Slovenian avant-garde figures and theater revolutionaries. He founded the New Stage () movement in Ljubljana and the international avant-garde journal Tank. He was involved in almost all Slovene and Yugoslav theaters and also served twice as the director of the Croatian National Theater. He was also involved in work at other Croatian theaters. He was also engaged for a short time  at the Ljubljana National Drama Theater and the Slovenian National Opera and Ballet Theater. In 1932, Delak directed the second Slovene full-length film, Triglavske strmine (The Slopes of Mount Triglav, 1932), which was his only film.

Delak died in Ljubljana on January 16, 1968. He was a cousin of TIGR member Danilo Zelen.

Notes

1905 births
1968 deaths
Slovenian film directors
Slovenian journalists
People from Gorizia
20th-century journalists

Ferdo Delak


Globalcell Mobile was a mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) was based in the UK and was established in late 2008.

The service offered customers a SIM-only pre-paid service with all customer interaction conducted in the customers' native language, which includes Polish, Russian, Lithuanian, Slovak and English.

Their customer base were predominantly Poles, Lithuanians, Russians and Slovaks living in the UK but also cater for the UK's immigrant and ethnic population that are looking to call internationally.

Globalcell mobile offered an alternative to calling cards, dual SIM cards and access numbers. The pre-paid SIM not only offered competitive rates to call internationally and low cost rates within the UK for Pay as you go customers not wanting to be tied down by a mobile phone contract.

They are able to do this due to buying capacity in bulk from a much larger UK network.

GloballCell (UK) ceased trading as of 28 November 2010.

References

External links
 Globalcell Mobile's website

Mobile virtual network operators

Globalcell Mobile


Duntroon (from ) is a small farming-town in the Waitaki District of New Zealand's South Island.  Although traditionally considered a North Otago town, it is located  within the farthest southern reaches of Canterbury.  Just north of the town runs the Waitaki River, which forms the traditional border between the two regions, although the official border has moved south to put most of Waitaki District, including Duntroon, within Canterbury.  To the east of the village runs the Maerewhenua River.  Near the village are the Earthquakes, a limestone-cliff formation.

The town was named by Scottish settler and farmer Robert Campbell.  Economic activity has been mainly agricultural for much of the town's history, focusing primarily on sheep farming and on the growing of crops such as wheat and barley.

Duntroon is home to the Vanished World Heritage Centre, dedicated to showcasing the geology of the Waitaki region and preserving fossils of extinct species that have been found in the region.  These include two species of the penguin genus Archaeospheniscus, Lowe's penguin and Lopdell's penguin, found in the Kokoamu Greensand formation.  The town is also located near two sites of centuries-old Māori rock drawings, one of which being the Takiroa Rock Art Shelter.

 south of Duntroon, in the Maerewhenua Valley, a group of large rock-formations called "Elephant Rocks" was used as a filming location for the first  Chronicles of Narnia movie in 2005.  The rock formations, located in a private field, are visible from the road.

Transport
Duntroon was once the terminus of the branch line railway that ultimately became the Kurow Branch, and was one of the few towns to be served by a railway station for the entire life of the line (most others were closed earlier than the line itself).  In 1875, the railway from the junction with the Main South Line at Pukeuri was opened to Duntroon, but due to bridging difficulties, the line terminated outside Duntroon on the east side of the Maerewhenua River.  In 1878, construction began on another line from Duntroon to Kurow; on 2 July 1881, the Maerewhenua River was bridged and Duntroon was linked to the national railway network; on 7 November 1881, the line beyond Duntroon opened and the town lost its status as terminus.  The railway served the town for over a century, closing in mid-1983, and the old railway station now serves as boutique accommodation for fly fishermen and cyclists on the A2O cycle trail.  Near the station building, an old water tank for steam locomotives still stands in good condition.

Duntroon is on the route of the Alps to Ocean Cycle Trail, which was constructed from 2011 after approval in 2010.

Demographics
Duntroon is described as a rural settlement by Statistics New Zealand, and covers . It is part of the larger Danseys Pass statistical area.

Duntroon had a population of 96 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 21 people (28.0%) since the 2013 census, and a decrease of 3 people (-3.0%) since the 2006 census. There were 39 households. There were 51 males and 45 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.13 males per female. The median age was 46.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 18 people (18.8%) aged under 15 years, 18 (18.8%) aged 15 to 29, 48 (50.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 15 (15.6%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 93.8% European/Pākehā, 6.2% Māori, and 6.2% Asian (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).

Although some people objected to giving their religion, 50.0% had no religion, 34.4% were Christian and 6.2% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 6 (7.7%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 24 (30.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $22,200, compared with $31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 36 (46.2%) people were employed full-time, 15 (19.2%) were part-time, and 3 (3.8%) were unemployed.

Education
Duntroon School is a full primary school catering for years 1 to 8, with a roll of  students as of  The school opened in 1879.

References

External links

 Vanished World Centre website
 Visitor's Guide to the Beautiful Waitaki – Duntroon
 Nicol's Blacksmith Historic Trust website

Populated places in Canterbury, New Zealand
Waitaki District

Duntroon, New Zealand