Enter was an American magazine published from October 1983 to May 1985 by Children's Television Workshop (CTW, later renamed Sesame Workshop). The magazine was published ten times per year. Seventeen issues were printed. Similar to sibling titles Sesame Street, The Electric Company, and 3-2-1 Contact magazines, the title was aimed at school-age children.

The focus of the magazine was, as declared on the cover, "The world of computers and new technology". Each issue included programs in the BASIC computer language, which readers could type into their own home computer.  Readers were introduced to technological innovations of the day, such as optical disc recording technology, which was new at the time.

Unlike other magazines produced by Children's Television Workshop, Enter did not tie into a television series produced by the organization. Beginning in June 1985, some of its features were folded into 3-2-1 Contact magazine, which printed computer programs as part of an "Enter section" for a short while.  This section was later renamed "BASIC training."

References

External links
 The Internet Archive has all issues (1–17) here: https://archive.org/details/enter-magazine
 Retromags have posted all the issues as well: https://www.retromags.com/magazines/usa/enter/

Children's magazines published in the United States
Defunct computer magazines published in the United States
Education magazines
Magazines established in 1983
Magazines disestablished in 1985
Magazines published in New York City
Sesame Workshop
Ten times annually magazines

Enter (magazine)


Diederich Hinrichsen (born 17 February 1939) is a German mathematician who, together with Hans W. Knobloch, established the field of dynamical systems theory and control theory in Germany.

Life and work
Diederich Hinrichsen was born in 1939, and studied mathematics, physics, literature, philosophy, and economics from 1958 to 1965 in Hamburg.

In 1966 he got his PhD at the University of Erlangen under the supervision of Heinz Bauer. His main research area at that time was abstract potential theory, with a special focus on extensions of the Cauchy-Weil theorem to the Choquet boundary. After research visits in Paris and Hamburg, he went to Havana where he helped to re-establish mathematics in Cuba. After an appointment to Bielefeld, he became professor of mathematics at the University of Bremen.

Hinrichsen was the founding director of the Research Center for Dynamical Systems, concentrating on finite- and infinite-dimensional linear systems, stochastic dynamical systems, nonlinear dynamics and stability analysis.

He focused on algebraic systems theory, parameterization problems in control and linear algebra, infinite-dimensional systems, and stability analysis, developing a comprehensive theory of linear systems. In a different direction, with Anthony J. Pritchard (University of Warwick), he worked on concepts of stability radii and spectral value sets, building up a robustness theory covering deterministic and stochastic aspects of dynamical systems.

After retiring in Germany, he is now a professor at Carlos III in Madrid.

Selected publications
 1982. Feedback Control of Linear and Nonlinear Systems, with Alberto Isidori. Heidelberg : Springer.
 1990. Control of Uncertain Systems. Progress in Systems & Control Theory, with Bengt Martensson. Boston : Birkhäuser.
 1999. Advances in Mathematical Systems Theory. In Honor of Diederich Hinrichsen, Boston : Birkhäuser
 2005. Mathematical Systems Theory, with A. J. Pritchard. Heidelberg : Springer

References

External links
 Extended list of selected publications by Diederich Hinrichsen
 Institute for Dynamical Systems

 Spectral value sets: a graphical tool for robustness analysis (Post-script file; ~8 MB)

1939 births
20th-century German mathematicians
21st-century German mathematicians
Control theorists
Living people
Systems scientists
Academic staff of the Charles III University of Madrid

Diederich Hinrichsen


Rusalka ( ) is an opera in four acts, six tableaux, by Alexander Dargomyzhsky, composed during 1848-1855.  The Russian libretto was adapted by the composer from Aleksandr Pushkin's incomplete dramatic poem of the same name.  It premiered on 4 May 1856 (Old Style) at the Theatre-circus, conducted by Konstantin Lyadov (father of Anatoly Lyadov), choreographed by Marius Petipa and Nikolay Goltz, but was badly received predominantly by the aristocracy.

In 1859, the opera was again presented at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, but it was not until 1865, when it was staged at the Mariinsky Theatre, that it was finally well received.  The conductor was  Eduard Nápravník; the Prince was sung by Fyodor Petrovich Komissarzhevsky, the Princess by Darya Leonova, Miller by Osip Petrov, and Natasha by Yulya Platonova.

Although much of Dargomyzhsky's Rusalka is fairly conventional in musical form and style, its singular innovation for the history of Russian music in particular is the application of "melodic recitative" at certain points in the drama.  This type of recitative consists of lyrical utterances which change continuously according to the dramatic situation, with likewise varied accompaniment in the orchestra.  Dargomyzhsky was to apply this technique of vocal composition on a small scale in his songs and on a large scale in his final opera, The Stone Guest.

It was mounted at the Wexford Opera Festival in 1997 with Anna Maria Chiuri in the title role, and Alessandro Safina as the prince and Maxim Mikhailov as the miller.

The opera was translated into English by Leonard & Emily R. Lehrman in 1986.  Excerpts from that translation were performed in concerts in France in 1989, 1990, 1992, 1994, and 1996, and in New York in 2015.  The entire work was performed in English for the first time at Queens College, Nov. 22, 2015.  The cast included Helene Williams (Natasha), Gregory Mercer (the Prince), Perri Sussman (the Princess), David Anchel (the Miller & the Matchmaker), Kathryn Wieckhorst (Olga), Jackie Bakewell (Rusalochka), and The Metropolitan Philharmonic Chorus, conducted from the piano by Leonard Lehrman.

The last act of the opera, which features a ballet, is somewhat unusual in that a 12-year-old rusalka speaks her lines over the music.

Roles

Synopsis

The action takes place by the Dnieper River

The plot tells of a maiden who, after being jilted by a prince, drowns herself (hence the designation "rusalka," or "drowned maiden").

Act 1
The bank of the Dnieper River. A mill near an oak tree.
Natacha, daughter of the miller awaits the prince who she is in love with; she ignores her father's warnings about such an alliance. The prince greets her, but unable to tell them that he is to wed a rich princess showers them in gifts. While peasants sing and dance for the miller the prince and Natacha go in the mill, where she discovers the truth but then reveals to him that she is carrying his child. The miller tries to console his daughter but she throws herself in the river.

Act 2
A rich mansion. A princely wedding.
The marriage of the prince and princess is being celebrated. But in the midst of the happiness a distant voice is heard – that of Natacha. The prince orders his equerry to find out what is happening, raising the suspicions of the princess. As the party recommences a groan is heard.

Act 3
Scene 1: A tower chamber. A drawing room.
After their wedding the prince has abandoned the princess who confesses her worries to Olga. A hunter has found the prince wandering the banks of the Dniepr and is sent off to bring him home.

Scene 2: The bank of the Dnieper River. The ruined mill. Evening.
The rusalkas sing in the river. The prince observes the waters, recalling his love for Natacha. The miller appears, mad with despair and announces that his grand-daughter the rusalka is taking care of him. The prince thinks he has gone mad, and when his invitation to the miller to come to his castle is rejected, rushes away.

Act 4
Scene 1: The bottom of the Dnieper. The underwater palace of the Rusalki.
Rusalkas dance in the river; Natacha is now their queen. Her daughter brings news of the miller. But Natacha with new hope, asks her daughter to bring the prince to her one evening.

Scene 2: The bank of the Dnieper River. The ruined mill.
The princess and Olga have followed the prince to the riverbank and watch on as he meets the young rusalka; as he follows her they emerge and try to prevent him going.  But they are thwarted by the voice of Natacha who lures the prince. The miller suddenly bursts from the forest and pushes the prince into the deep river, to the laughter of the rusalkas, who present his body to their queen.

Principal arias and numbers
Act 1
Aria: "Oh, it's just that all you young girls...", «Ох, то-то все вы, девки молодые...» (Miller)

Related works
Other operas featuring rusalki as characters include Rimsky-Korsakov's May Night and Dvořák's Rusalka.

References

Naroditskaya, Inna (2006) (Ed. Linda Austern and Inna Naroditskaya), "Russian Rusalkas and Nationalism", Music of the Sirens, Indiana University Press. pp. 216–249.

External links
Russian libretto in HTML
Russian libretto in zip file for Word

Operas by Alexander Dargomyzhsky
Operas based on works by Aleksandr Pushkin
Rusalka (Dargomyzhsky)
1855 operas
Operas
Operas with mythological or folkloric settings

Rusalka (Dargomyzhsky)


The Karakol society (), was a Turkish clandestine intelligence organization that fought on the side of the Turkish National Movement during the Turkish War of Independence. Formed in November 1918, it refused to merge itself with Association for the Defense of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Its leadership was decapitated in the aftermath of the 1920 Turkish Grand National Assembly election, leading to its eventual dissolution in 1926.

Operation
The Karakol Society, also known as the Black Arm, Sentinel Association  or Guard Society, was founded in November 1918, as the first clandestine organization fighting against the Allied Occupation of Constantinople. It served as a continuation of the Committee of Union and Progress' intelligence agency, the Special Organization, with the majority of its members coming from the latter. It was founded by Kara Vâsıf Bey and Kara Kemal on Talaat Pasha's orders, soon after he fled the country. The name was chosen on the grounds that it was the amalgamation of the founder's names; a secret password (K.G.) was also adopted. Karakol's central committee consisted of Kara Vâsıf Bey, Baha Said Bey, Refik Ismail Bey, Ali Riza Bey (Bebe), Edip Servet Bey (Tör), Kemalletin Sami Bey, and Galatali Sevket Bey. The aims of the organization were outlined as protecting and, where non existent, establishing national unity through legitimate means behind the scenes. Revolutionary action was to be taken in the case of oppressors of freedom and justice. The third article of the declaration of establishment highlighted Karakol's socialist nature.

During his stay in Constantinople between November 1918 and May 1919 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk met with Ali Fethi Bey, Kara Kemal, Ismail Canbulat, and an unknown fourth person, whereupon a revolutionary committee was established. The committee was to assassinate the sultan and overthrow the government, applying pressure on the government that was to succeed it. Canbulat's hesitation temporarily halted the committee's plans, which were later abandoned after its members agreed that the sultan's removal would not be enough to save the crumbling Ottoman Empire. Mustafa Kemal departed for Anatolia, which was to become the center of the Turkish resistance movement. Karakol created a line of communication and transportation between Constantinople and Anatolia, smuggling volunteers, weapons, and armaments into the latter. Karakol representatives took part in the Erzurum and Sivas Congresses, where they supported the unification of various resistance organizations under the banner of the Association for the Defense of the Rights of Anatolia and Rumelia (ADRAR), and Karakol went on to publish the Amasya Protocol. However a rift soon emerged between the Karakol leadership and Kemal; Karakol refused to accept Ankara as the center of national resistance and continued to act independently from ADRAR, seeing itself as the real core of the resistance. Kemal became suspicious of Karakol's intentions, ordering it to terminate its activities.

Downfall
On 11 January 1920, Baha Said Bey traveled to Baku where he signed an alliance with the Bolsheviks, presenting himself as an envoy of the Turkish resistance. On 26 February, Kara Vâsıf Bey informed Kemal of the agreement, which Kemal rebuffed as illegitimate since it was concluded without ADRAR's knowledge or consent. Kemal once more requested Karakol to incorporate itself into ADRAR. Karakol remained defiant, operating until the 1920 Turkish Grand National Assembly election, which was disrupted when British troops entered the parliament and arrested several deputies on 16 March. A part of Karakol's leadership was subsequently exiled to Malta, others either joined Kemal in Ankara or Enver Pasha in the Caucasus. Insignificant remnants of Karakol continued to exist until 1926, however Kemal had already solidified his position at the head of the Turkish National Movement. Karakol's function as an intelligence agency was substituted by a number of other organizations including Yavuz Group, Zabitan Group, Hamza Group. They continued to operate until the end of the independence war. Karakol is considered one of the precursor organizations to the modern day National Intelligence Organization, MİT.

Notes

References

Non-governmental organizations involved in the Turkish War of Independence
1918 establishments in the Ottoman Empire
1926 disestablishments in Turkey
Secret societies
Turkish intelligence agencies
Defunct intelligence agencies
Defunct organizations based in Turkey

Karakol society


The Battle of Kedges Strait (also known as the Battle of the Barges) took place on November 30, 1782 near Tangier Sound in Chesapeake Bay near the town of Onancock, Virginia, between naval militia forces of the rebellious British colony of Maryland and the Royal Navy of Great Britain.

The action

Some thirteen months had passed since General Charles Cornwallis' October 1781 surrender at Yorktown ending the land war between Great Britain and the Colonies.  Intermittent conflict at sea, however, continued.

For two days in late November of 1782 Commodore Zedechiah Whaley of the Maryland militia  had been waging an indecisive battle during a campaign against British barges of war that had been harassing the shores and farms of Chesapeake Bay.  Desperate for a victory, he sought aid from the Virginia peninsular town of Onancock, sailing Onancock Creek on November 28, 1782, and appealing to Lt. Colonel John Cropper.  Cropper rounded up 25 local men in support, who boarded Whaley's flagship, Protector, and continued his siege upon the British flotilla.

Three of four of Whaley's barges turned back under heavy British fire, leaving the Protector alone to press the fight against six British craft.  Vastly outnumbered, its crew suffered heavy losses during a climactic action on November 30 in Kedges Strait among Smith and South Marsh islands in Maryland and Tangier Island in Virginia off of Tangier Sound. Twenty-five of its 65 men were killed or wounded, 29 captured, and only 11 escaped.  Whaley's surrender ended the last naval action of the Revolution.

Legacy
The battle of Kedges Strait is recognized by a Virginia highways historical marker near the village of Onancoke, and remains the subject of both academic research and limited guided tours.  In 2016 the  Captain John Smoot Chapter of the Maryland Society Sons of the American Revolution conducted a boat tour of the battle area, and the Maryland Maritime Archeology Program presented a lecture in 2017.

See also
 Battle of Valcour Island - a conflict of barges of war on Lake Champlain that yielded cannons vital to the Colonial cause at the Battle of Bunker Hill

References

External links
  Battle of Kedges Strait Virginia Historical Marker, Marker History.com
 Maryland Society Sons of the American Revolution Semiannual Meeting Minutes 10-2016
 Jane's Island is Worth Looking For, K.D. Hays
 2017 Annual Report of the Maryland Historical Trust

Barges
Kedges Strait
Kedges Strait
Kedges Strait
Onancock, Virginia

Battle of Kedges Strait


The New York Festival of Song (NYFOS) presents an annual series of concerts in New York City dedicated to the art of song, classical, modern and popular.  In addition, this organization commissions new works and recordings, including the Grammy Award-winning recording of Leonard Bernstein's Arias and Barcarolles (Koch), and the Grammy-nominated recording of Ned Rorem's Evidence of Things Not Seen (1997, New World Records).

History
The festival was founded in 1988 by Steven Blier and Michael Barrett.

For the 100th anniversary of the Juilliard School in January 2006, NYFOS collaborated on a program featuring "100 Years of Juilliard Composers in Song".

In 2007, NYFOS released a live-recording CD entitled Spanish Love Songs (Bridge), featuring Lorraine Hunt Lieberson and Joseph Kaiser, performing with Blier and Barrett at Caramoor. The program was recorded live just before Lieberson's death in 2006.

In December 2008, Bridge Records released an original cast recording of Bastianello / Lucrezia, featuring soprano Lisa Vroman, mezzo-soprano Sasha Cooke, tenor Paul Appleby, baritone Patrick Mason and bass Matt Boehler, with pianists Steven Blier and Michael Barrett. With a score by John Musto and a libretto by Mark Campbell, Bastianello is a family fable of love and folly based on a poignant Italian folk tale. In March 2008, it had its World Premiere, along with William Bolcom's comic piece Lucrezia (a version of Machiavelli′s La Mandragola, libretto also by Mark Campbell) at Weill Recital Hall at Carnegie Hall, commissioned and presented by the New York Festival of Song.

Notable programs

NYFOS has created and premiered over a hundred unique programs, many of which have toured the United States. Some that have been favorably reviewed and/or frequently reprised:

At Harlem's Height, premiered in 2001, explores the music of the Harlem Renaissance, with songs by Eubie Blake, Fats Waller, William Grant Still, Florence Price and others.

Songs of Peace and War, premiered in 2001, shortly after the World Trade Center attack.

Dvořák and the American Soul, premiered in 2002, juxtaposes songs by Czech composer Antonín Dvořák and those of his African-American students from the period in the 1890s when he was teaching at the National Conservatory in New York, showing how each influenced the other.

Blok and Akhmatova: Poets Without Heroes, premiered in 2005, explores music composed around the work of these Russian poets.

Notes

References

External links
 New York Festival of Song website

Music festivals in New York City
Music festivals established in 1988
1988 establishments in New York City

New York Festival of Song


Jack Popplewell (22 March 1909  – 16 November 1996) was an English writer and playwright.

Life

Popplewell was born and grew up in Leeds, West Riding of Yorkshire. He published his first song in 1940, and his first play, Blind Alley was staged in London in 1953. Blind Alley opened to positive reviews, and was later adapted to the cinema in Tread Softly Stranger, released in 1958, and starring Diana Dors and George Baker. Popplewell owned Manor Farm, Churwell, Leeds, where he farmed rhubarb, later moving with his wife, Betty, and two daughters (Juliet and Vanessa) to Vaynol Gate, Morley, West Yorkshire. He died in Bath.

Plays

Many were premiered in London's West End.
 Blind Alley. Premiere at "Q" Theatre, Kew Bridge, London, 1953. Published Samuel French, 1953.
 Dead on Nine. West End premiere at Westminster Theatre, 1955, starring Griffith Jones, Hy Hazel and Andrew Cruickshank. Published Samuel French, 1956.
 The Vanity Case. Premiere Oldham, England, 1957. Published Evans, 1957.
 Dear Delinquent. West End premiere at Westminster theatre, 1957, starring David Tomlinson, Anna Massey and Patrick Cargill. Published Evans, 1958.
 A Day in the Life of . . . West End premiere at Savoy Theatre, 1958, starring Naunton Wayne and Alfred Marks. Published Evans, 1959.
 Breakfast in bed. Premiere Bradford, England, 1957. Published Evans, 1958.
 And Suddenly It's Spring. West End premiere at Duke of York's Theatre, 1959, starring Frank Lawton, Yolande Donlan and Margaret Lockwood. Published Samuel French, 1959).
 The Last Word. Premiere Edinburgh, 1958. Published Samuel French, 1960.
 Hocus-Pocus. Premiere Eastbourne, England, 1961. Published Samuel French, 1961.
 Careful Rapture. Published Samuel French, 1961.
 Tale from the Vienna Woods. Published Samuel French, 1961.
 Policy for Murder. West End premiere at Duke of York's Theatre, 1962, starring John Slater, Dermot Walsh and Heather Chasen. Published Samuel French, 1963.
 Every Other Evening. West End premiere at Phoenix Theatre, 1964, starring Derek Farr and Margaret Lockwood. Adapted from Francois Campaux. Published Samuel French, 1965.
 Busybody. West End premiere at Duke of York's Theatre, 1964, starring Irene Handl. Published Samuel French 1965.
 Dear Children. Premiere Canterbury, England, 1966. Published Samuel French, 1967.
 Mother's Day Out. Published Samuel French, 1967.
 Dead Easy. West End premiere at St Martin's Theatre, 1974, starring Irene Handl. Published Samuel French, 1975.
 Darling I'm Home. West End premiere at Windsor Theatre, 1970. Published Samuel French, 1976.
 High Infidelity. Premiered on tour, 1981. Published Samuel French, 1982.

Unpublished plays include Boomerang (Premiered Sheffield, England 1964), How do you spell Mississippi? and The Queen's Favourites (1975). Popplewell also adapted Harold Brighouse's Hobson's Choice into a musical.

Music

Popplewell published over 40 songs, recorded by, amongst others, Vera Lynn, Gracie Fields, Bing Crosby, Geraldo, Anne Shelton with Ambrose (bandleader) and his Orchestra, and Beniamino Gigli. He collaborated frequently with Michael Carr, also from Leeds. His first published song, If I Should Fall in Love Again was winner of the News Chronicle song contest in 1940. Other titles include My Girl's an Irish Girl recorded by Bing Crosby, and Tonight Beloved recorded by Gigli.

Published songs:
 If I Should Fall in Love Again, music and words Popplewell.
 Until You Fall in Love, credited as music Popplewell, words Michael Carr.
 Ev'ry Time I Look at You, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 The First Lullaby, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 The Day I Met His Majesty the King, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 You're in my Arms (and a million miles away), music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 Caballero on the Rio Grande, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 In Old Mexico, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 There's a Cowboy Ridin' Thru' the Sky, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 My Silly Old Cowpoke Grandpa, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell
 Only You, music Vincent Scotto, words Popplewell.
 Mistletoe Kiss, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 Really and Truly, music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 With all my Heart, music Reginald King, words Popplewell.
 After the Rain, music Bert Reisfeld, words Popplewell.
 Can't You See the Silver Lining? music Michael Carr, words Popplewell.
 One Love, music and words Popplewell.
 Do You Ever Dream of Tomorrow (like I do)? music and words Popplewell.
 My Girl's an Irish Girl, music and words Popplewell.
 Song of Paradise, music Reginald King, words Popplewell.
 In old Santa Fe, music Stolz, words Popplewell.
 No More (based on La Paloma), music Sebastián Yradier, adapted Popplewell.
 Wonderful, music Michon, words Popplewell.
 Esmeralda, music and words Popplewell.
 Tonight Beloved (Ritorna Amore), music Manli di Veroli, words Popplewell.
 Coronation Bells, music TW Partridge, words John Bull, pseudonym of Popplewell, Parsons and Phillips.
 If There is a Mountain, music Popplewell, words Popplewell and John Turner.
 Ivy, music and words Popplewell.

Film and television

Vera Lynn featured Popplewell's songs in her wartime movies; We'll Meet Again (1942) (After the Rain), Rhythm Serenade (1943) (With All My Heart), and One Exciting Night (1944) (One Love). The film Tread Softly Stranger (UK, 1958) was based on Blind Alley.

Busybody has been translated onto the big screen in Denmark (1969) and Norway (1970):
 , directed by Bent Christensen (Denmark, 1969)
 , directed by Knut Bohwim (Norway, 1970)
In Germany, Busybody was brought to stage under the titles Frau Pieper lebt gefährlich and Keine Leiche ohne Lily. It has also been translated into Low German for Hamburg's Ohnsorg Theater, where Popplewell's play How Do You Spell Mississippi? was also brought to stage in Low German.

Dead on Nine was adapted for television as an episode of the Kraft Mystery Theater (USA, 1959), and Popplewell wrote the screenplay, Born Every Minute, for an episode of Comedy Playhouse (UK, 1972). Television versions of other stage plays by Popplewell have been broadcast in Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Hungary and Russia.

References

External links
 Jack Popplewell Unknown, British Film Institute biography:Jack Popplewell. Retrieved 22 March 2018
 Jack Popplewell, Playwright, 87 - The New York Times Anonymous. Obituary:Jack Popplewell. New York Times. Thursday 28 November 1996.
  Bennedick, A. Obituary: Jack Popplewell. Independent, Wednesday 27 November 1996.

Barraclough, R., Reekie, D. (2003). Morley Entertainers. Zodiac Publishing, London, U.K., 2003.

Writers from Leeds
British lyricists
1909 births
1996 deaths
20th-century English dramatists and playwrights
English male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century English male writers

Jack Popplewell


Shock Totem Publications (commonly referred to as Shock Totem) was an American small-press publisher specializing in dark fantasy and horror.

Shock Totem Magazine
The debut issue of Shock Totem: Curious Tales of the Macabre and Twisted, a digest-sized magazine of fiction and nonfiction, was first published in July 2009. To date, eleven issues have been released, as well as three special holiday issues (Christmas 2011, Valentine's Day 2014, and Halloween 2014). Notable authors to appear in Shock Totem are Jack Ketchum, John Skipp, Kevin J. Anderson, William F. Nolan, Don D'Ammassa, David Niall Wilson, Kurt Newton, Rennie Sparks (of The Handsome Family), Darrell Schweitzer, Cody Goodfellow, Brian Hodge, Jeremy Wagner (of Broken Hope), John Dixon, Tim Waggoner, Violet LeVoit, Weston Ochse, Ari Marmell, Lee Thomas, John Langan, Stephen Graham Jones, Josh Malerman.

On January 1, 2015, it was announced that Shock Totem magazine would be going on hiatus until at least 2016. That hiatus lasted longer than expected, but on October 31, 2018, Shock Totem announced its return with a new issue, its eleventh, of Shock Totem magazine.

Novels, Collections, etc.
In addition to its namesake magazine, Shock Totem entered into book publishing in 2012 and published the following books:

 The Wicked, by James Newman (2012)
 Beautiful Sorrows, by Mercedes M. Yardley (2012)
 Ugly As Sin, by James Newman (2013)
 Dominoes, by John Boden (2013)
 Zero Lives Remaining, by Adam Cesare (2015)
 Shine Your Light on Me, Lee Thompson (2016)
 Greener Pastures, by Michael Wehunt (2016)

In early 2017, citing personal reasons (kids, exhaustion, and ultimately a type-2 diabetes diagnosis), publisher K. Allen Wood dissolved the Shock Totem book line, transferring all current and in-progress books to Jason Sizemore and Apex Publications, save for Zero Lives Remaining, by Adam Cesare, who decided to self-publish it under his own Black T-shirt Books.

Editorial Staff
 K. Allen Wood
 John Boden
Mercedes M. Yardley
 Sarah Wood
Chad Lutzke
Tom Moran
Billie Moran

Former Staff
 Michelle Howarth
 Chris Vrysen
 Nick Contor
 Tom Bordonaro
 Mercedes M. Yardley
 Zachary C. Parker
 Barry Dejasu
 Catherine Grant

History
Shock Totem Publications, LLC was founded in 2008 by K. Allen Wood. Originally meant to be a monthly e-zine, the decision was made to publish a bi-annual print digest in early 2009. In late 2011, Shock Totem came full circle and entered the digital realm by making available each issue as e-books. In 2012, they published their first novel and single-author collection.

In May 2020, Shock Totem Publications closed its doors for good.

Notes and references
1. Shock Totem: Curious Tales of the Macabre and Twisted #1 Bookgasm, September 2009
2. Shock Totem #1 Horrorworld, September 2009
3. Shock Totem - Review Hellnotes, August 2009
4. Hellfire Right Out of the Gate: Shock Totem's First Issue Brain Tremors, August 2009
5. Shock Totem 1: Curious Tales of the Macabre and Twisted - Summer 2009 The Future Fire, July 2009
6. Interview with Editor/Publisher K. Allen Wood D.L. Snell's Market Scoops, October 2009
7. Interview with Editor/Publisher K. Allen Wood Duotrope's Digest Editor Interview, June 2010
8. Review: Shock Totem #2 The Journal of Always, August 2010
9. Magazine Review: Shock Totem Issue #3 Fatally Yours, March 2011
10. Reviewed: Shock Totem Issue 3 The Crow's Caw, March 2011
11. Creating a Monster: Interview with Shock Totem Editor/Creator K. Allen Wood Toasted Cheese Interview, May 2011
12. Shock Totem 6 (Book Review) Fangoria, April 2013
13. Storyville: Editor Interviews—Shock Totem, Shimmer, and The Dark LitReactor: Storyville, December 2013
14. KnippKnopp Interviews...Shock Totem Publications KnippKnopp, February 2014
15. Dominoes - Book Review Hellnotes, March 2014
16. Dominoes Wins a DRAWA Written Backwards, April 2014
17. Trailer for Zero Lives Remaining Reel Splatter Productions, November 2015
18. The Year in Horror, 2015: 13 Frighteningly Good Reads Fangoria, January 2016

External links
  Official Website

Biannual magazines published in the United States
Digests
Horror fiction magazines
Literary magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 2009
Magazines published in Seattle

Shock Totem


Wattlesborough Tower  is a ruined fortified 13th-century manor house or Tower House in Shropshire.
It is situated close to the boundary with Powys in Wales. Wattlesborough is a former township within the present parish of Alberbury. The castle is a Grade 1 listed scheduled monument.  The Tower comprises a square two-storey tower above an undercroft surrounded by a moated enclosure with a fishpond. The Leighton family inherited Wattlesborough in 1471 and used it as their chief residence until circa 1711. At that time an adjoining farm building was constructed and named Wattlesborough Hall.

History
The manor of Wattlesborough was held by Edric before the Norman Conquest and by the time of the Domesday Book in 1086 it had passed to Roger Fitz Corbet  and subsequently held as one Knight's fee by the successors of Roger as Lords of Caus in Shropshire.  Edward Blore gives the succession of Wattlesborough, from the Corbets, to the Mawdy from 1382–1414, to the De Burghs from 1414–1471 and from 1471 when it passed to the Leighton family. Blore thought that the Tower had been built by Roger Corbet in 1280, but this may be a little too early. A John Leighton was MP for Shropshire in 1468, and he was followed by other family members who also served as MP for Shropshire. The Leighton family lived at Wattlesborough until 1711, when they moved to nearby Loton. From then onwards Wattlesborough became a farmhouse.

Architectural history
The castle is a Grade I listed scheduled monument. Only the roofless tower remains and its condition is officially classified as poor. Historic England are in discussions with the owners to decide the best way of preserving the building.

Literature
Blore E., (1868), Wattlesborough Tower, Shropshire, Archaeological Journal Vol XXV, 96–102.
Gaydon A.T. (ed.) A History of Shropshire. Vol. VIII, (Condover and Ford Hundreds). Victoria County History  of England, OUP, Oxford.  pp196– 198.
Mercer E., English Architecture to 1900: The Shropshire Experience Logaston Press, 2003.
J Newman and N Pevsner The Buildings of England: Shropshire, Yale 2006. pg. 152

See also
Grade I listed buildings in Shropshire
Listed buildings in Alberbury with Cardeston

Gallery

References

External links

Castles in Shropshire
Grade I listed buildings in Shropshire
Scheduled monuments in Shropshire

Wattlesborough Castle


Kurt Kasznar (born Kurt Servischer; August 13, 1913 – August 6, 1979) was an Austrian-American stage, film and television actor who played roles on Broadway, appearing in the original Broadway productions of Waiting for Godot, The Sound of Music and Barefoot in the Park. He also appeared in feature films and had many notable parts in television, including the science fiction series Land of the Giants.

"A big, glib, dapper man who spoke with an accent, he was almost always cast as some sort of a Continental gentleman," reported The New York Times.

As a soldier in World War II, Kasznar was among the first U.S. Army photographers to film the ruins of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Early life
Kurt Kasznar was born Kurt Servischer on August 13, 1913, in Vienna, Austria-Hungary. His family was Jewish. His father left the family when Kurt was very young. After his mother married Hungarian restaurateur  Ferdinand Kasznar,  Kurt assumed his surname. While working as an apprentice waiter at his stepfather's restaurant, Kasznar met director Max Reinhardt and enrolled in his seminars. "There I learned to act, write, build sets and live," Kasznar said later.

At age eleven Kasznar appeared in Der Zirkuskönig (The King of the Circus, 1924), the last movie made by Max Linder, which was filmed in Vienna. Kasznar began working on the stage in 1931, in a performance of Jedermann (Everyman) at the Salzburg Festival.

Career
In 1936 Kasznar left Austria for the United States, with Max Reinhardt's theater company. He appeared in Reinhardt's production of The Eternal Road, playing the role of Zebulon in the premiere performance July 7, 1937, and performing at least a dozen roles during the three-month Broadway run of the epic production.

In 1941 Kasznar produced a two-act Broadway musical revue, Crazy With the Heat, which ended as a financial failure. Later that year he was drafted into the United States Army. He was trained as a cinematographer and later served in the Pacific. Assigned to a photographic unit, he filmed landings on New Guinea and in the Philippines, and the signing of the Japanese surrender aboard the USS Missouri. He was one of the first Army photographers to film the aftermath of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

While in service, Corporal Kurt S. Kasznar wrote and performed in his only play, First Cousins, which he dedicated  "to the thousands of foreign-born American soldiers." Kasznar's play was one of five that won a contest for soldier-playwrights and were published in the 1943 book The Army Play by Play. The one-act plays were performed on Broadway for the benefit of the Sailors and Soldiers Club, and were later staged at Hyde Park for President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In his 2004 study, Staging the War: American Drama and World War II, Albert Wertheim calls First Cousinswhich tied for fourth place in the competition"by far the most effective play in The Army Play by Play collection."

Kasznar's first major Broadway appearance was in the 1950 production of Samuel A. Taylor's play, The Happy Time. He recreated his role, that of Uncle Louie, for the 1952 film version and earned a Golden Globe nomination for his performance. Kasznar also appeared on Broadway as the director in Pirandello's Six Characters in Search of an Author (1955–1956), and he played Pozzo in the original Broadway production of Waiting for Godot (1956).

While performing on stage in Noël Coward's Look After Lulu! in March 1959, Kasznar was also playing detective Nero Wolfe in what would have been television's first series based on Rex Stout's characters. Co-starring William Shatner as Archie Goodwin and initially slated to air on CBS in September 1959, the Nero Wolfe series was aborted after a pilot and a few episodes were filmed.

Kasznar created the role of Max Detweiler in the original Broadway production of The Sound of Music (1959–1963), for which he received a Tony Award nomination. "When that musical had marked its 1,000th performance, Mr. Kasznar was the only actor who had never missed a show," reported The New York Times. He was discussed as a possibility to re-create his stage role in the film version of The Sound of Music, but the role went to Richard Haydn. He debuted the role of Victor Velasco in Neil Simon's Barefoot in the Park (1963–1967).

He appeared as Tevye in several productions of Fiddler on the Roof. In 1974–1975 Kasznar, Myrna Loy, Edward Mulhare and Ricardo Montalbán toured nationwide in John Houseman's production of George Bernard Shaw's Don Juan in Hell, playing 158 cities in six months. In 1978 he played Mansky in Molnár's The Play's the Thing with "enormous authority," wrote New York Times critic Mel Gussow. "It is the kind of character he has played often, and consummately, on stage and in films."

Kasznar appeared in more than 80 films and television shows, and had a regular role in the Irwin Allen science fiction television series Land of the Giants as Alexander Fitzhugh. His feature films included Lili, Kiss Me Kate, The Last Time I Saw Paris, My Sister Eileen, A Farewell to Arms and 55 Days at Peking.

Private life
Kasznar married American heiress Cornelia Woolley following her 1939 divorce from her second husband. The daughter of a New York woolen merchant, Woolley was widely known in the theater world for her philanthropy. She died at home unexpectedly in June 1948, at age 48; at the time, Kasznar was performing in John Houseman's Broadway production of Joy to the World.

Kasznar met his second wife, actress Leora Dana, when they worked together in the Broadway production of The Happy Time (1950). They married in 1950 and divorced in 1958.

Death
Kasznar died on August 6, 1979, one week before his 66th birthday, in Santa Monica, California. Ten months earlier, he had been diagnosed with cancer. He had no known survivors.

Partial filmography

References

External links

 Kurt Kasznar biography, actordatabase.com; accessed July 2, 2017.

1913 births
1979 deaths
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male stage actors
American people of Austrian-Jewish descent
Jewish American male actors
Male actors from Vienna
Austrian Jews
Austrian emigrants to the United States
Deaths from cancer in California
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American male actors

Kurt Kasznar


An egg is the organic vessel containin the zygote in which an ainimal embryo develops till it can survive on its ain, at which pynt the ainimal hatches. An egg results frae fertilisation o an ovum. Maist arthropods, vertebrates, an mollusks lay eggs, althou some dae nae, such as scorpions, mony shairks, an maist mammals.

Ainimal reproductive seestem
Oology
Bird breedin
Avicultur

Egg


98 Aquarii (abbreviated 98 Aqr) is a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. 98 Aquarii is the Flamsteed designation, although it also bears the Bayer designation b1 Aquarii. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +3.97. The distance to this star, , is known from parallax measurements made with the Hipparcos spacecraft.

With over double the mass of the Sun, this is an evolved giant star that has a stellar classification of K0 III. The measured angular diameter of this star is . At the estimated distance of 98 Aquarii, this yields a physical size of about 14 times the radius of the Sun. The expanded outer envelope has an effective temperature of 4,630 K, giving it the orange glow of a K-type star.

References

Aquarii, b1
Aquarii, 098
Aquarius (constellation)
K-type giants
115438
8892
220321
BD-20 6587

98 Aquarii


Marion Mushkat or Marian Muszkat (November 5, 1909 – September 30, 1995), was a Polish lawyer, colonel in the Polish Army formed in the Soviet Union, and military judge in Stalinist Poland specialising in international public law, military law and international affairs. He immigrated to Israel at the end of Stalinist period in postwar Poland, where he became a professor at Tel Aviv University. He died in Haifa.

Biography

Early life
Marian Muszkat was born in Suwałki (Poland under partitions), where he completed primary and then secondary school. In 1927 he began studies at the University of Warsaw. In Warsaw Muszkat  studied law, and simultaneously worked as a clerk in factories and as a school teacher. As a student he belonged to socialist academic organizations. Muszkat was a distinctive student, thereby he soon travelled to France to continue his studies at the University of Nancy. During his stay in Nancy, Muszkat penned some new ideas about public international law, peremptory norm and international problems concerning the Third World countries. In 1931 Muszkat obtained a degree of Master of Law, and in 1936 at the same university he received a degree of Doctor of Law.

During World War II
During World War II, Muszkat relocated to Vilnius first, where worked in Prawda Wileńska, and lectured at the Vilnius University. In June 1941 he evacuated to the Soviet Union. In 1941–1943 he was a clerk in a kolkhoz and a teacher in the Gzy–Orda Pedagogic Institute. In May 1943 Muszkat joined the People's Army of Poland (Ludowe Wojsko Polskie). Having completed officers course, he served as lieutenant in the Polish 1st Tadeusz Kościuszko Infantry Division. In October 1943 he became a military judge of the Martial Court at Polish First Army. In 1945 he was promoted to a judge of Supreme Court Martial. In the Court, Muszkat was a vice-chairman and chief of the War Crimes Commission. After his return to Poland with the Soviet westward offensive in 1945, he became a member of Polish Workers' Party (PPR). On 5 December 1946 Muszkat was demobilized from the army as a colonel.

The Polish People's Republic
After the war he began his work in the Stalinist Ministry of Justice as deputy in the Polish Highest Military Court (Najwyższy Sąd Wojskowy, NSW), investigating German war crimes. Muszkat was a specialist in the field of international public law, therefore the Ministry of Justice dispatched him to Nuremberg, as chairperson of the Polish delegation. At the Nuremberg Trials Mushkat directed the Polish delegation which also included Prof Tadeusz Cyprian and prosecutors:  Prof Jerzy Sawicki and Dr Stanisław Piotrowski. They prepared the "Polish indictment" containing the list of proven Nazi war crimes committed in Polish territory.

Having returned to Poland he began scientific and didactic activity. At the University of Warsaw he lectured on military law and international public law in the Department of International Public and Private Law, directed by prof Cezary Berezowski. He also lectured at the Central Law School,  General Headquarters Academy and Polish International Affairs Institute (from 1950-1951 as its director). In 1950, for his dissertation in the Stalinist International criminal law, new domain development, he was awarded a professorship. He was co-founder and editor Law and Life magazine.

Muszkat wrote from the pro-Soviet point of view. He propagated communist ideals, especially those of his mentor Andriej Wyszynski. Amongst Polish scientists, Muszkat has some opponents. For instance prof. Stefan Korboński wrote later that "Muszkat's views transformed the courts into a political institution, with prosecutors as masters of life and death of absolutely everyone (...) and barristers, as communist police helpers."

Israel
In 1957, following the anti-Stalinist Polish October revolution Muszkat left Poland, and settled in Israel. At Tel Aviv University, he lectured on international public law and international affairs. In 1961, Yad Vashem Institute designated him as co-ordinator and adviser to the Adolf Eichmann trial. Muszkat, at the request of Israel's government, was a consultant in many strategic matters undertook by this country. Professor Muszkat became a member of many international institutes, organizations, and associations, for example: the International Peace Institute, the World Academy of Art and Science, American Academy of Political and Social Science, International Bar Association, World Federalist Movement, Institut Français de Polémologie,  and the National Institute of Justice.

He participated in many congresses and symposiums in the whole world to field political research, peace research and futurology. Muszkat is author of many publications edited in: Polish, English, French, Hebrew, German, Russian, Czech, Hungarian and Chinese, too. He wrote the first Polish modern textbook on international public law, Outline of the International Public Law Muszkat M. (edit.), Warsaw 1955 (two volumes). He died September 30, 1995, in Haifa.

Distinctions
 Medal "For Courage" (Russia)
 Medal for Battle Merit
 Polonia Restituta
 Cross of Grunwald (third class)
 Medal 10 Years Polish Democratic Republic

Selected publications
Polish Charges against German War Criminals submitted to the UN War Crimes Commission, Warsaw 1948;
The Protection of Human Rights, Warsaw 1948;
Some Problems of Israel's Development: An Outline, Hamburg 1971;
The Evolution of the Situation in Poland in 1980, Koln 1981;
The Third World and Peace: Some Aspects of the Interrelationship of Underdevelopment and International Security, New York-Hampshire 1982;
Philo-Semitic and Anti-Jews Attitudes in Post-Holocaust Poland, Lewiston-Queenstown-Lampeter 1992.

See also
Commission for the Examination of German Crimes in Poland (Institute of National Remembrance)
Supreme National Tribunal
Philo-Semitism

References

1909 births
1995 deaths
International law scholars
20th-century Polish judges
Academic staff of Vilnius University
Nancy-Université alumni
Polish emigrants to Israel

Marion Mushkat


The Südbahn-Gesellschaft (literally South Railway Company) was an Austrian corporation that built and operated numerous railway lines in the Austrian empire, Austria-Hungary (after 1867) and for some time in Austria, Hungary, and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (after 1918).

The company was notable for two reasons: First, the split-up of its assets after the end of World War I took almost two decades. Second, the company existed even after ending all railway operations as an administration of assets, mainly for securing the pension claims of its former employees.

History

The company was created in 1859, when the Austrian state was lacking sufficient funds for building new railways, as a joint-stock company in Vienna. The ownership was mainly in the hands of French investors.

As the successor of the Wien-Gloggnitzer Bahn and the k.k. Südliche Staatsbahn, the Südbahn-Gesellschaft operated the important Southern Railway line from Vienna to Triest, with its famous Semmering crossing. At the time of the company's creation, Venetia was part of Austria, and hence Venice was supposed to be the main Mediterranean harbour of the empire. After the loss of Venetia in 1867, Triest became the new main harbour.

The Südbahn-Gesellschaft also operated the line from Kufstein to Verona (later only to Ala), with its central piece, the Brenner railway, which had been completed in 1867.

The two north-south lines were connected by the east-west line from Marburg (an der Drau) via Klagenfurt to Franzensfeste. Moreover, multiple lines in current-day Italy, Hungary und Croatia were operated.

When Austria lost, in 1866, its rule over Upper Italy (Venetia and Lombardy), the new Strade Ferrate Alta Italia (SFAI) was split from the Südbahn-Gesellschaft, with the same main shareholders as the mother company.

During the following "golden time", the Südbahn-Gesellschaft was active in the propagation of various resorts, mainly on the Semmering and at the seaside resort Abbazia. At these places as well as at Toblach in the South Tyrol, the company operated its own railway hotels, which could conveniently be reached via its railway lines.

After the end of World War I, the company had to be split into various parts, as the new European nations wanted to get their share of its assets. This was especially complicated with locomotives and wagons, which were spread unevenly over the respective areas. It took the interstate commission handling these problems many years to arrive at a solution that was accepted by all nations.

In Austria, the Südbahn-Gesellschaft was refounded as the Donau-Save-Adria Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (vormals Südbahn-Gesellschaft) (DOSAG) in 1923, the railway operations were handed over to the Austrian Federal Railways. The DOSAG would exist as a company until 1982. In Italy, it was still incorporated in 1990 as a pure asset management company. In Hungary, it existed as Duna-Száva-Adria-Vasúttársaság until 1932, after which it was merged into the Hungarian State Railways.

External links

 History of the Südbahn-Gesellschaft

References

Rail transport in Austria

1982 disestablishments in Austria
Railway companies disestablished in 1982
1859 establishments in the Austrian Empire
Railway companies established in 1859

Austrian Southern Railway Company


The Abramovich Flyer was an early aircraft built by Russian aviator Vsevolod Mikhailovich Abramovich in 1912, based on the Wright brothers' designs he had seen while working for their German subsidiary. Differences from the Wright designs of the time included wheeled undercarriage and conventional empennage replacing the canard the Wrights used. Abramovich retained the wing warping technique the Wrights used for banking the aircraft, but controlled this with a control stick rather than the hip-controlled harness of the Wrights' design.  Using this aircraft, Abramovich was successful in setting many early aviation records in Russia, including carrying several passengers.

Specifications

Biplanes
1910s Russian experimental aircraft
Wright brothers
Single-engined pusher aircraft

Abramovich Flyer


Miriam Linna (born October 16, 1955 in Sudbury, Ontario) is a Canadian-American drummer who has run the Brooklyn-based independent record label Norton Records since 1986, originally with her husband, the late producer and singer-songwriter Billy Miller. Her skill as a drummer earned her a "May I recommend?" nod from Bob Dylan on his XM Theme Time Radio Hour program (episode 37) in January 2007.

Linna is part of the collective of musicians that emerged from the Cleveland, Ohio punk rock scene, including the Dead Boys and Pere Ubu. When the re-formed Rocket from the Tombs performed in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 2003, singer David Thomas dedicated the band's signature song "Amphetamine" to her.

Linna as musician
Linna was a founding member of The Cramps, performing in the band from their first date on November 1, 1976, until July 10, 1977. She appears on their How to Make a Monster compilation album. Linna left The Cramps to join the new wave band Nervus Rex. After performing with the Zantees, Linna and Miller launched The A-Bones (named after a 1964 tune by The Trashmen). The A-Bones released two 10" EPs (Tempo Tantrum in 1986 and Free Beer for Life! in 1988), followed by four full-length albums between 1991 and 1996. The A-Bones regrouped after a short hiatus to perform in Spain with Little Richard, Andre Williams and the Great Gaylord. Linna also played drums on Maureen Tucker's 1994 album Dogs Under Stress. Linna and A-Bones bassist Marcus "The Carcass" Natale guested on a 2007 recording session by the proto-punk band Figures of Light, produced by Miller; she also handled the drums on Figures of Light's 2011 album Drop Dead, produced by Mick Collins of The Dirtbombs.

In 2014, as "Miriam", Linna released her first solo album on Norton Records, Nobody's Baby, produced by Sam Elwitt. The album features Linna singing over distinctly Phil Spector- and Jack Nitzsche-inspired arrangements of a selection of mostly obscure cover songs from the 1960s. Norton released her follow-up LP, Down Today, in 2015.

Linna as author, publisher
Linna's past magazine ventures include Kicks (co-edited with Miller), Smut Peddler and Bad Seed. Her first fanzine in 1976 was The Flamin Groovies Monthly, which she inherited from Bomp Records founder Greg Shaw. Her lengthy liner notes for Norton and other labels display an unusual writing style of wild word play and imaginative humor.
In 1997, Linna and Miller published (as "Kicks Magazine Photo Album No. 1") The Great Lost Photographs of Eddie Rocco.  Rocco contributed to Ebony Song Parade and freelanced for Fort Worth's Sepia magazine, and the book collects many of his previously unpublished 1950s and 1960s images, including shots of Ruth Brown, Esquerita, Roy Orbison and the Treniers.

In 2004, Linna co-edited Sin-A-Rama: Sleaze Sex Paperbacks of the Sixties (Feral House), also contributing an article, "Ron Haydock aka Vin Saxon", about the twisted career of novelist-musician Ron Haydock.
In 2009, her paperback book company, Kicks Books, launched with the publication of Sweets and Other Stories by Andre Williams. Subsequent books have included This Planet Is Doomed (2011), a collection of Sun Ra's poetry; Pulling a Train and Getting in the Wind (2012), previously uncollected short stories by Harlan Ellison; Lord of Garbage by Kim Fowley; Benzedrine Highway by Charles Plymell; and Gone Man Squared by Royston Ellis.  Linna also co-authored a biography of Texas musician Bobby Fuller, I Fought the Law, published by Kicks in 2015.

Linna owns one of the world's largest private collections of vintage paperbacks, including complete runs of Avon, Beacon, Signet and others. Her collection includes over 500 juvenile delinquent paperbacks, and she featured the covers of some of these in her book Bad Seed: A Postcard Book, published in 1992 by Running Press.

On May 15, 2009, she launched an autobiographical blog, Kicksville 66, documenting everything from Ashtabula angst to her days at the Strand Bookstore, and is illustrated with promo flyers, handwritten letters and photographs.

References

External links
New York magazine feature on Miriam Linna (2/3/2003)
Kicksville 66
A2Z: A-Bones/Zantees Discography

1955 births
Living people
American book publishers (people)
American humorists
American music journalists
American people of Finnish descent
American rock drummers
The Cramps members
Journalists from Ontario
American magazine publishers (people)
Musicians from Greater Sudbury
Women autobiographers
American women journalists
Women writers about music
Women book publishers (people)
American autobiographers
Canadian emigrants to the United States
20th-century American drummers
American women record producers
Canadian women record producers
Women humorists
20th-century American women musicians
21st-century American women

Miriam Linna


Dutch universities are supported by state funding (with the exception of Nyenrode Business University) so that universities do not have to rely on private funding to pay for tuition. All citizens of the Netherlands who complete high school at the pre-academic level (vwo) or have a professional Propedeuse at HBO level, signifying they have finished their first year course, are eligible to attend university. In the case of a HBO-Propedeuse some restrictions may apply as to deficiencies in High School subjects. Three universities (Leiden, Utrecht and Groningen) have restrictive requirements based on academic ability; and all universities have restrictive requirements for some of their programs because the number of prospective students sometimes outnumbers the number of available places.

Many Dutch students attend universities relatively far from their parental homes (in contrast to universities in Italy and Spain for example), although scarcity of accommodation sometimes forces students to commute. As a compensation for this, Dutch students normally receive a card (OV-chipkaart) that allows them to use public transport for free during part of the week (either workdays or the weekend) and with a discount during the other part. Waiting lists for student accommodation in the Netherlands can be more than a year, particularly in Utrecht and Amsterdam, so that many students rent a room in the private sector.

Quality differences between Dutch universities are generally small, and the best university in one subject can be the worst in another. This is one of the reasons why none of them tend to end in the top tier of international university ranking systems. All of them, however, score well above average. Instruction at the undergraduate level tends to be in Dutch, but it is in English for most Masters and PhD programs.

Dutch universities used to offer only four- or five-year courses. Since 2002 most of them now offer three-year undergraduate programmes, leading to a bachelor's degree, and one- or two-year Master's programmes. Old habits remain, partly because stopping after a BSc is seen as "dropping out", and a large majority of university students enroll on master's courses. To confuse matters, students attending Universities of Applied Sciences (HBO) also obtain a bachelor's degree, but the programmes in these institutes usually take four years instead of three. It is possible to continue after a HBO (Hoger beroepsonderwijs, "higher occupational education") bachelor's degree to a university master's, with often a pre-master deficiency program or other additional requirements on minimum GPA.

See also
 List of universities in the Netherlands
 Education in the Netherlands
 Academic degrees
 University
British universities
French universities
Italian universities
Spanish universities
US universities

External links
 Search for officially recognised programmes in the Netherlands
 Accreditation Organisation of the Netherlands and Flanders/Belgium (NVAO)
 The Netherlands Association of Universities of Applied Sciences
 Studiekeuze123.nl, an overview and comparison of all Dutch-taught studies of the universities in the Netherlands
 Eurogates, a searching database of English-taught programmes and grants for study in Holland
 Directory and Ranking of the Netherlands

References

Dutch universities


David Dale (6 January 1739–7 March 1806) was a leading Scottish industrialist, merchant and philanthropist during the Scottish Enlightenment period at the end of the 18th century. He was a successful entrepreneur in a number of areas, most notably in the cotton-spinning industry, and was the founder of the cotton mills in New Lanark, where he provided social and educational conditions far in advance of anything available anywhere else in the UK. New Lanark attracted visitors from all over the world. Robert Owen, who married Dale's daughter, Caroline, in 1799, used New Lanark to develop his theories about communitarian living, education and character formation. Scottish historian, Tom Devine, described Dale as 'the greatest cotton magnate of his time in Scotland'.

Early career
Dale was born in Stewarton, Ayrshire on 6 January 1739, son of William Dale (1708–1796), a general dealer in the village, and Martha Dunlop (1719–1796). His date of birth is normally given as 6 January but there is no officially recorded date of birth. However, parish records show that he was baptised on 14 January 1739. As a child, he worked with the cattle as a 'herd laddie' in very basic conditions. This was the period of runrigs and impoverished tenant farmers. Dale's family was not wealthy, but he did not experience the absolute poverty and near starvation of many of those involved in tenant farming.

His father apprenticed him to a handloom weaver in Paisley & then he became an agent in Hamilton and, later, Cambuslang  – putting out yarn to be woven and collecting the finished cloth. He arrived in Glasgow c1763 as a clerk to a silk merchant and began his own small business in the High Street, importing linen yarns from France and the Netherlands.

The business grew rapidly and Dale became a wealthy merchant in the city. In 1777, at the age of 38, he married 24 year old Anne Caroline (Carolina) Campbell, whose late father had been the Chief Executive of the Royal Bank of Scotland. In 1783  Dale had his own mansion built in Glasgow's fashionable Charlotte Street. The couple were together for 14 years until the death of Carolina. During that period, they had nine children, four of whom, including their only son, died in infancy.

Pivotal years
The period 1783-1785 saw Dale's career take off in a number of directions.  By 1785 he was no longer a city merchant but a budding entrepreneur, banker and industrialist.

In 1783 he joined Edinburgh businessman Robert Scott Moncrieff in setting up the first Glasgow agency of the Royal Bank of Scotland – a business arrangement possibly assisted by his wife's family connections. Within a few years, the Glasgow branch was doing business worth one million pounds. America was no longer a British colony and Glasgow merchants no longer depended on tobacco for their fortunes. Textiles, sugar and rum were the new tobacco. In 1783, there was an opportunity for Dale to extend his reputation and influence with the establishment of the Glasgow Chamber of Commerce , the first of its type in Britain. Dale became a director, later deputy chairman, and joined forces with the likes of James Oswald, James  Dennistoun, John Glassford, Thomas Buchanan and many others – ex tobacco lords, sugar & rum merchants, textile merchants and entrepreneurs from the coal, chemical and brewing industries. Dale became an important figure in the commercial life of Glasgow and remained an influential figure in Chamber until his death.

According to one source, Dale by this time had become:...the prosperous Glasgow merchant who, by virtue of pure force of character and intelligence, had fairly broken down that wall of distinction which once separated him from the great tobacco and sugar lords and could now wear his cocked hat jauntily, display his silver knee buckles showily and take the place of honour on the crown of the causeway with the proudest of them all.

New Lanark
In 1784 Richard Arkwright visited Scotland in 1784 at the request of  George Dempster, landowner and Perthshire M.P. Arkwright, owner of the several successful cotton mills in England, acknowledged as the father of the cotton industry and one of the richest men in Britain, was persuaded to visit Lanark, with a view to establishing a cotton mill in the area.

Dale and Dempster accompanied Arkwright to where New Lanark is today. The site was considered to be suitable and a partnership was agreed between the three of them. Construction work began immediately and the mill buildings were based on Arkwright's own mills in Cromford. Men and boys were sent from New Lanark to Cromford for initial training and the mills began spinning in early 1786, at which point both Dempster and Arkwright left the partnership, leaving Dale as the sole owner. By the 1790s there were nearly 1,400 people living and working in the community.
Business boomed and the village attracted thousands of visitors from all over the world. These included William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Samuel Coleridge and Robert Owen. They were attracted by a very successful spinning business, but New Lanark also became known as a model factory community where business, philanthropy and education all came together for the first time anywhere in Britain. The community became as famous for its social & educational provision as it did for anything else – something which Owen was later to capitalise upon.

The apprentice children

Much of the focus was on Dale's treatment of his child employees – the so-called apprentice or pauper children. It was common practice for large numbers of children to be employed in mills and elsewhere from the age of 6 or 7 to age 15 or thereabouts. In New Lanark, village children worked alongside some 300 apprentice or pauper children from the charity workhouses in Glasgow and Edinburgh. They were often orphans, looked after by the parish, which was very keen to reduce costs by sending them out to work. The children were not paid but were given board & lodging in No.4 Mill. To begin with, they worked as reelers and pickers but later they worked at a range of jobs where they could learn skills which they could use when they left the mills. Some joined the army and navy; some became joiners or smiths and some were kept on in New Lanark. Employers like Dale were seen as charitable and benevolent because they offered the chance of employment, board and lodging and the acquisition of transferable skills.

The children worked from 6am until 7pm, with breaks for breakfast and dinner. They were given two sets of work clothes which were laundered regularly and a blue dress uniform for Sundays. Sleeping quarters were regularly cleaned and there is evidence to show that many of the pauper children enjoyed better conditions than some of the local children. Public Health campaigner, Dr James Currie was one of the many visitors. He noted that:The utmost cleanliness, health and order pervaded the whole manufactory. The children looked cheerful and happy with rosy cheeks and chubby countenances, and I found a variety of excellent regulations established for health, morals and knowledge.

Much like Owen later on, Dale was convinced that a good education was essential for all involved. This was a new development in the evolution of factory communities. In England, owners like Arkwright offered Sunday schools but in New Lanark, there was a day school (every day) for under-sixes and an evening school (7-9pm) for older children. There was a formal curriculum which comprised the 3Rs, sewing, church music and religious study. At one stage, the school roll totalled more than 500 pupils and Dale was employing 16 trained teachers to teach more than eight classes. The pupils were grouped according to their ability and promoted to the next class after suitable tests. Teachers received a bonus for each pupil promoted.

All available evidence indicates that he provided conditions far superior to anything available in Britain at the time. Dale summed up his view of the practical effects of employing the children:…when it is considered that the greater part of the children who are in the boarding house consists of destitute orphans, children abandoned by their parents... and many who know not who were their parents... it gives me great pleasure to say, that by proper management and attention, much good instead of evil may be done at cotton mills. For I am warranted in affirming that many now have stout, healthy bodies and are of decent behaviour who in all probability would have been languishing with disease and pests to society had they not been employed at Lanark cotton mills.Owen visited New Lanark on a number of occasions and in 1799 he married Dale's daughter, Caroline. He and his partners bought New Lanark and Owen took over as sole manager on 1 January 1800. Over the next two decades Owen became famous for the improvements he made to the social conditions of his workforce, some of which were built on practices established by Dale. Several historians have commented that Owen exaggerated the problems that he found at New Lanark, downplaying Dale's innovations in order to boost the importance of his own, and have, to varying degrees, acknowledged the achievements of both men.

Other business interests

Dale's business interests continued to expand. He had a house in New Lanark but the day to day management was left to William Kelly, a skilled engineer and manager. The main offices of the business were in St Andrew's Square, Glasgow and Dale continued to live in Charlotte Street in the city. Later in life he added a country house, Rosebank, in Cambuslang, to his properties. He divided his time between New Lanark, the Royal Bank and the offices in St Andrews Square.

He was involved in a number of other cotton mills. Not long after spinning began in New Lanark, Dale built a new mill in Blantyre and a school for the apprentices. He sold the venture to James Monteith in 1792.  In 1788, Dale went into partnership with Claud Alexander of Ballochmyle (former Paymaster for the East India Company) in a spinning mill in Catrine in Ayrshire. Dale was heavily involved in the design of these mills and within a few years, some 1,300 people were employed. Once again there were apprentice (but no pauper) children and a proper school was provided. He remained involved with the business until 1801 when the mills were sold to James Finlay. In partnership with a number of others, he opened a small mill in Spinningdale in Sutherland. This was more a charitable effort than anything else. The aim was to provide work and relieve famine, distress in the area and also to stem the tide of emigration from the Highlands. Dale remained involved long after all the others had left and continued to finance it until two years before his death. The mill burned down a year later.

In Glasgow, Dale's business profile continued to grow. In Dalmarnock he set up a dyeworks where cloth was dyed with a new, colourfast dye called 'Turkey Red' (sometimes known in the city as 'Dale's Red').  In the centre of town, in what is now Ingram Street, he built a warehouse and small manufactory which produced linen strips or tapes known as 'incles' or Scotch Tape. The company traded under the name Dale, Campbell, Reid & Dale, the second Dale being his nephew, David Dale Junior. Still in Glasgow, Dale invested in the insurance business. He became a director of the Glasgow Fire Insurance Company, which sold life insurance and annuities and had offices in George Street and Wilson Street. Dale also owned a significant amount of property in and around the city,  including lands and tenements in the Ramshorn (Ingram Street) area, Shuttle Street, Barrowfield,  Ruchill and Parkhead.

Philanthropy and civic duty

Dale was also a director or manager of various charitable projects throughout the city, and newspaper reports of the time talk of his charity, his kindness, his benevolence and his good deeds and public works. Much of this was inspired by his religious belief. He was a strongly evangelical Christian, a pastor in the Dissenting (Secessionist) Church, preaching on Sundays in meeting houses all over the city. He stated in one of his sermons:Riches are one great object. These frequently take to themselves wings and flyaway... they profit not in the day of wrath.  And if these are obtained by oppressing the poor, or withholding from the needy what his wants demand from us, the consequence is awful... your riches are corrupted.He donated to small charitable ventures on a regular basis. These included the Howard Fund for prison reform, an injured servicemen's charity, the Royal Northern Infirmary in Inverness, Perth Academy and the newly-formed Glasgow Humane Society, where he agreed to become a director and undertake fundraising on their behalf.

He was better known for some of his more public philanthropy and civic duties. He served as a Bailie and Magistrate in the city for two years, something which he found particularly time-consuming and onerous. Nevertheless, he earned a reputation in the press for his relatively lenient approach and became known as 'The Benevolent Magistrate'. When a new road was required between Clydesdale and England, he gave £700 towards the cost. On several occasions he helped to feed those in need. For example, he provided meal to the poor in Stewarton at below cost price and he sent a ship to the U.S. to bring back grain which he distributed to the poor in Glasgow.

For twenty years he was a director of the Town's Hospital, the equivalent of a charity workhouse for the poor, orphans, elderly, sick and, until 1814, the mentally ill, serving on the institution's Manufacturing Committee.

 Dale was also involved with Glasgow Royal Infirmary. The Infirmary was intended '...for the reception of indigent persons under bodily distress in the west of Scotland'. Dale was involved in this project from its very beginning in 1788. He chaired the group which raised the funds, found the land and supervised the building work of this major city institution. He subscribed £200 and when the building finally opened in 1795, he was appointed as a manager, spending the rest of his life as a manager or director. He stood to gain nothing personally from this commitment. The Infirmary was for the poor. However, as a manager and annual subscriber, he had the right to refer a number of his workers from New Lanark and between 1795 and 1803 he personally referred some 64 patients.

Dale's views on slavery

The raw cotton used in Dale's cotton mills came from three principal sources, the United States, South America and the West Indies, and were produced in those regions via slave labour. However, by the late 18th century, attitudes to slavery were beginning to change and the fledgling British abolitionist movement was rapidly gaining pace. The abolitionist movement in Britain was led by Thomas Clarkson and William Wilberforce, who oversaw the actions of the London Society, which sent representatives across the country seeking support for anti-slavery petitions. The Glasgow Society for the Abolition of the Slave Trade was set up in January 1791, with Dale as the chairman. In the same year, he bought shares in the newly-formed Sierra Leone Company which sought to establish a colony of freed slaves in West Africa.

The Glasgow group publicised the London Society's pamphlet, with a Preface about the new Glasgow Society. There were various meetings throughout 1791, all chaired by Dale, and the Society sent 100 guineas to the London campaign offices. The following year, it met on a number of occasions in support of the various public petitions which were being drawn up in all the cities and towns in Scotland. At a General Meeting of the Glasgow Society on 1 February 1792, with Dale in the Chair, the members resolved;…that the traffic in the human species is founded on the grossest injustice, is attended with the utmost cruelty and barbarity to an innocent race of men and is productive of ruin and desolation of a country which the efforts of the well-directed industry of Great Britain might contribute to civilise.On Commerce and the Enlightenment it said:[the slave trade]…is directly repugnant to the primary laws of nature…and that its continuance, in this enlightened age, is disgraceful to the nation and utterly inconsistant (sic) with the profession of Christians.

Death

When Dale died at his home, Rosebank House in Cambuslang, Lanarkshire on 7 March 1806, huge crowds of mourners lined the streets of Glasgow. He was buried in the Ramshorn Cemetery in central Glasgow in a plot he had purchased some years before. The grave lies on the outer east wall towards the north-east corner.
The Glasgow Herald's obituary of him acknowledged his achievements as a businessman, and noted that: …his ear was never shut to the cry of distress; his private charities were boundless; and every public institution which had for its object the alleviation or prevention of human misery, in this world or in the world to come, received from him the most liberal support and encouragement.

References

Bibliography
Modern publications on Dale:
 McLaren, D. J. (2015).  David Dale: A Life.  Stenlake Publishing Ltd.

Modern publications on Owen:
 Claeys, G. (ed)(1993) The Selected Works of Robert Owen. Pickering & Chato.
 Davis, R. & O'Hagan, F. (2014) Robert Owen. Bloomsbury.
 Donnachie, I. & Hewitt, G. (2015) Historic New Lanark. 2nd edition. E.U.P.
 Donnachie, I. (2005). Robert Owen, Social Visionary. 2nd edition. Birlinn.

Historical publications:
 Baines, E. (1835) History of the Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain. London: Fisher.
 Black, W.G. (1912) 'David Dale's House in Charlotte Street', Transactions of the Regality Club (1889-1912), 4 vols. Vol 4 (1912):93-121. Glasgow: James Maclehose & Sons.
 Liddell, A. (1854)  Memoir of David Dale. Blackie.
 Owen, R. (1857).  Life of Robert Owen by Himself .Effingham Wilson.
 Podmore, F. (1906) Robert Owen – A Biography. Hutchinson & Co.

External links
 http://www.electricscotland.com/history/other/dale_david.htm
 http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/d/daviddale.html
 http://www.rampantscotland.com/famous/blfamdale.htm

Scottish philanthropists
Scottish business theorists
People from Stewarton
1739 births
1806 deaths
Cambuslang
Scottish merchants
18th-century Scottish businesspeople
Scottish socialists
Utopian socialists
Scottish Congregationalists
British cooperative organizers
Founders of utopian communities
18th-century philanthropists

David Dale


Warren James Nelson III (born September 16, 1950) is an American business executive and entrepreneur, and the current President of Nelcal Private Equity Investments LP.

He is the former Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of BNK Petroleum. He held this position from March 2010 to May 2013.

Nelson is also the Founder and Director of AmeriTies, the primary supplier of railroad ties to Union Pacific Railroad. Amerities has operations in California, Oregon, Arkansas and Oklahoma. The company was founded in 2003 when it purchased assets from Kerr-McGee and was expanded in 2010.

He had previously served as CEO and President of Huntway Refining, a California based, NYSE-traded oil refinery. Under his leadership Huntway was sold to Valero Energy in 2001 for approximately $78MM.

He has also worked as acting CFO of Smith International, interim CFO of Venoco, and started his career at Price Waterhouse after receiving his MBA from UC Berkeley and his BS from Cal Poly SLO. Mr. Nelson lives with his wife Maria in Camarillo, California, a suburb outside of Los Angeles.

References

American chief executives
American energy industry executives
Living people
1950 births
American chief financial officers
Haas School of Business alumni

Warren Nelson


Ralph DeLancey Izard (26 February 1785 – 21 January 1822) was a United States Navy officer who became a hero for his actions at Tripoli, during the Barbary Wars.  The destroyer USS Izard (DD-589) was named after him.

Early service
Ralph DeLancey Izard was born 26 February 1785 at Charleston, South Carolina, the son of a prominent political family.  His mother was Alice De Lancey Izard, and his father was Senator Ralph Izard, who served as a delegate to the Continental Congress (1782–1783), U.S. Senator from South Carolina (1789–1795), and was President pro tempore of the United States Senate.

Ralph was appointed Midshipman 2 October 1799.

The Burning of the Philadelphia
Izard volunteered and took part in the expedition under Lieutenant Stephen Decatur, commanding the ketch Intrepid, which entered the harbor of Tripoli 16 February 1804 and destroyed the captured U.S. frigate Philadelphia in what Lord Nelson called the most daring act of the age. Izard was assigned duty under Lt. Decatur, with Midshipman John Rowe and 15 men, to hold the spar deck.

Later duty
He also took part in the attacks on Tripoli during August and September 1804 as part of Commodore Edward Preble's squadron.  He was promoted to Lieutenant on 27 January 1807.  Lt. Izard died 21 January 1822 at Charleston, South Carolina.

Marriage

In 1808, Izard married Eliza Pinckney, daughter of Maj-Gen Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, signatory to the Constitution, and a granddaughter of Col Charles Pinckney, chief justice of South Carolina.

Namesake
The destroyer Izard was launched and named in Lt. Izard's honor on 8 August 1942.  She served in the Pacific during World War II, including the battles of Kwajalein, the Philippine Sea, Leyte, and Iwo Jima, among others.  She received 10 battle stars for service.

References

 DANFS entry for USS Izard

1785 births
1822 deaths
American military personnel of the First Barbary War
Burials in South Carolina
Military personnel from Charleston, South Carolina
United States Navy officers
American people of Dutch descent
Izard family
Schuyler family
Van Cortlandt family

Ralph Izard (naval officer)


Based on the National Council for Prescription Drug Programs standard, all pharmacy software systems contain information fields for both a primary and secondary insurer to pay for patient's prescription. The co-pay card appeared in 2005 as a means by which pharmaceutical marketers could, by offering an instantaneous rebate to patients, combat their challenges to prescription pharmaceuticals, including generic competition, lack of patient compliance and persistency, and an access to the physician population. As of January 2017, in the United States, coupon cards for more than 600 prescription medications are available.

Process
Typically a patient will receive his/her co-pay card from their physician along with a prescription for the medicine.  The patient takes the card and prescription to a pharmacy where the pharmacist enters processing information into his/her pharmacy management system to submit a claim.

If a patient has insurance, the pharmacist will key in the patient's insurance number in the primary field and an identifier from the co-pay card into the secondary insurer field.  Instantaneously the pharmacy benefit manager provides coverage data, relaying the patient's out of pocket, or co-pay to the secondary insurer's benefit manager, who then provides a discount accordingly.

An example:  A brand offers a co-pay card giving patients the opportunity to save up to $20 off each prescription fill.  A patient receives the co-pay card and visits their pharmacy.  The patient provides his insurance card and co-pay card to the pharmacist. The pharmacist enters information into his pharmacy management system from both cards.  The insurance benefit manager recognizes the drug as a TIER 3 brand for the patient and relays the patient co-pay to be $30.00.  The co-pay card benefit manager recognizes the $30.00 and covers the $20.00 of co-pay, leaving $10 for the patient to pay out of pocket.  Another patient without prescription insurance coverage follows the same process.  The co-pay card takes the primary insurer position where it recognizes the claim as that of a cash-paying patient and applies $20.00 discount to the patient's out-of-pocket costs.

Variations
In most cases the service provider of the co-pay card program holds a reimbursement account for the pharmaceutical marketing client, which is used to remit to pharmacies the cost reductions through co-pay card programs.  The co-pay service provider remits to pharmacies every 14 to 28 days and deducts these remittances via this account.

Some providers have attempted a variation on the original co-pay card by going to a magnetic strip swipe process, by which the card runs through both the pharmacy software and financial software (e.g. Visa/MasterCard and Debit networks).

Debit cards are another reimbursement method for co-pay in pharmacies because they offer real-time reimbursement of co-pay claims.  However, with new prompt-pay regulations for adjudicators, required for Medicare Part D and implemented by most PBMs, few pharmacies wait more than one week for reimbursement. Pharmacies used to prefer real-time Debit payments because they didn't require the pharmacies to carry the "float" of the 14 to 28 days payment cycles. This is no longer true.

References

Customer relationship management software
Pharmaceutical industry

Co-pay card


Sulamith Ish-kishor (1896 – June 23, 1977) was an American writer, known for her religious and children's literature.

Biography
She was born in London, England, one of eight children of  and Fanny Ish-Kishor. Her father was a well-known writer of Jewish children's literature and an early proponent of Hovevei Zion, a pre-Zionist movement, and later of political Zionism. Her older sister, Judith Ish-Kishor, was a pioneering writer of Jewish children's literature in English.

Sulamith began writing at age 5 and had several of her poems printed in British publications by the time she was 10. When Sulamith was 13, her family moved to New York City (like the family in her novel Our Eddie).

At Hunter College, she studied languages and history.
She wrote widely, and was published in several magazines, including The New Yorker, Saturday Review, and Reader's Digest. Her now-classic story of a long-distance correspondence and its fateful conclusion, "Appointment with Love," was published in a 1943 edition of Collier's and was subsequently plagiarized by preacher-author Max Lucado (as "The Rose") in a 1992 collection.

Our Eddie was a 1970 Newbery Honor book. It portrays a father whose abusive treatment of his child contrasts with the Jewish values he claims to promote. A Boy of Old Prague, which recounts the friendship between a 16th-century Gentile boy and a Jewish family was a popular selection of the Scholastic Book Club in the 1970s and dealt with the issue of anti-semitism in late Renaissance Europe.

Works
  (reprinted, Nabu Press )
 The Heaven on the Sea, together with Twenty Poems, New York, Bloch Publishing Co, 1924
 Friday night stories: Series I, New York: The Women's League of the United Synagogue of America (reprinted 1949)
 Friday Night Stories. Series II, New York: The Women's League of the United Synagogue of America, 1928
 The Children's Story of the Bible, a Bible History for School And Home, New York, Educational Stationery House, 1930
 Childrens History of Israel  (In 3 Volumes Illustrated: Volume One: From Creation to the Passing of Moses. Volume Two: From Joshua to the Second Temple. Volume Three: From the Second Temple to the Present Time), Jordan Publishing Company, 1933
 Magnificent Hadrian: A Biography of Hadrian, Emperor of Rome, New York, Minton, Balch & Company, 1935 (also London, Victor Gollancz, 1935)
 Jews to Remember, Hebrew Publishing Company, 1941
 "Appointment With Love," Collier's, June 5, 1943 (fulltext available)
 American Promise: A History of the Jews in the New World, New York, Behrman House, 1947
 Everyman's history of the Jews, New York, Frederick Fell, 1948
 The Palace of Eagles and Other Stories, New York, The Shoulson Press, 1948
 A Stranger Within Thy Gates, New York, The Shoulson Press, 1948
 Blessed Is the Daughter  Shengold Publishers, Inc., 1959 reprinted
 How Theodor Herzl Created the Jewish National Fund Together with an album of Herzliana, a chronology and excerpts from his diaries and autobiography"", New York, Youth and Education Department, Jewish National Fund, 1960 (reprinted )
 A Boy of Old Prague, Pantheon Books, 1963
 The Carpet of Solomon: A Hebrew Legend, Pantheon Books, 1966
 Zalman Shazar: President of the People, New York, Youth and Education Department, Jewish National Fund, 1966
 Pathways Through the Jewish Holidays, Hoboken, New Jersey, KTAV Publishing House, 1967
 Our Eddie, Pantheon Books, 1969
 Drusilla, a Novel of the Emperor Hadrian, Pantheon Books, 1970  )
 The Master of Miracle: A New Novel of the Golem, Harper & Row, 1971
 Ferrer, the Sweetest Sula, 2006
 Meggie and the Fairies, New York: Works Progress Administration

 Awards

 1964: National Jewish Book Award for A Boy of Old Prague''

References

External links
  (including 7 "from old catalog")

1896 births
1977 deaths
Hunter College alumni
20th-century American novelists
Newbery Honor winners
American women short story writers
American children's writers
American historical novelists
American women poets
Place of death missing
American women children's writers
British emigrants to the United States
Poets from London
American women novelists
20th-century American women writers
20th-century American poets
Women historical novelists
20th-century American short story writers
English people of Jewish descent
20th-century American Jews
Jewish American writers

Sulamith Ish-Kishor


A cistern is a water storage tank.

Cistern may also refer to:

 Subarachnoid cisterns, openings in the subarachnoid space of the brain
 Cisterna a flattened disc in the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum
 Cistern, Texas, a village in Texas
 Cistern (album), a 2016 album by Jherek Bischoff
 Maitland Monument, Corfu, which is known locally as the Cistern (Στέρνα)
 Cistern, a water reservoir at Buffalo Bayou Park
 "The Cistern", a short story by Ray Bradbury
 The Cisterns, Cisternerne, a museum and water reservoir in Copenhagen

See also
 Cistern Field, an airport in Cistern Cay, the Bahamas
 Syston, a civil parish in Leicestershire, England
 Cisterna (disambiguation)
 La Cisterna, Chile
 List of Roman cisterns
 Sistan, an area split between east Iran and west Afghanistan
 Sistine Chapel
 Cittern

Cistern (disambiguation)


The Ram Rebel is a full-size pickup truck made by FCA US LLC (formerly Chrysler Group LLC). The Rebel is a new model for 2015. It has a new grille and tailgate which are different than the regular Ram Trucks. The Ram 1500 Rebel is not just a decal package. It is designed for use both on-road and off-road. The Rebel has features that are standard that would otherwise have to be added by the owner for off-road performance.

Features
The Rebel is available only in the 1500 (half-ton) truck series. It features a blacked-out grille with a large "RAM" letter badge. It stands out as being very different from the RAM truck's iconic "cross-hair" design grilles. Standard equipment includes an off-road powder coated front bumper, skid plates, tow hooks and fog lights. It has projector headlamps with LED marker lights. The aluminum sports hood is distinct to the Rebel.

The Rebel is standard with an air suspension that rides higher than other RAM 1500s. It has new 17-inch aluminum wheels with black accents. It comes with 33-inch (LT285/70R17E) Toyo Open Country A/T all-terrain tires, Bilstein shock absorbers, and has a different steering and stability-control system than a stock RAM.

Powertrains
The standard engine in the Rebel is a 3.6-liter Pentastar V-6 engine that makes 310 horsepower, 269 pound-feet of torque. It is capable of getting 25 mpg on the highway. The optional V-8 engine is a 5.7-liter HEMI that produces 395 horsepower and 410 pound-feet of torque. It is rated at 15 mpg in the city, 21 mpg on the highway.

References

Pickup trucks

RAM Rebel truck


Kris Holmes (born 1950, Reedley, California) is an American typeface designer, calligrapher, type design educator and animator. She, with Charles Bigelow, is the co-creator of the Lucida and Wingdings font families, among many other typeface designs. She is President of Bigelow & Holmes Inc., a typeface design studio.

Biography

Early life
Holmes grew up on a farm in Parlier, California. The nearest hospital was in Reedley, so she was born there.
At Reed College in Portland, Oregon, Holmes studied calligraphy with Calligrapher Laureate of Oregon Lloyd J. Reynolds and modern dance with Judy Massee.  In New York, she then continued her education by studying lettering with Ed Benguiat as well as modern dance at the Martha Graham and Alwin Nikolais schools.  She later studied calligraphy and typeface design with Hermann Zapf at the Rochester Institute of Technology. She received a B.A. from Harvard University and an MFA from UCLA Film School in Animation.

Teaching
Holmes has taught at the Rochester Institute of Technology in both the Graphic Design and the Film Departments, Portland State University, the Museum Art School (Portland), Rhode Island School of Design, Santa Monica College, and the Otis College of Art and Design.

Design
By far the most well-known typeface design created by Bigelow & Holmes is Lucida. Bigelow and Holmes have written extensively about its original conception and subsequent evolution.

Notable projects include the design of Lucida Grande, at one time the system font for Apple Computer's OS X Operating System and the creation of the core fonts of the Java 2 language and developer kit for Sun Microsystems. These multilingual fonts cover five scripts, including Latin, Greek, Cyrillic, Hebrew and Arabic, and twelve styles, comprising 10,000 characters in all. Other computer platform clients include the Microsoft Corporation, Sun Microsystems' Solaris division, and Lucent Technologies. Font designs include: Microsoft Wingdings (Windows 95 and 98), Lucida Console (Windows NT), TrueType Chicago, Monaco, Geneva, New York, Apple Chancery, Textile, Capitals (Macintosh OS), Lucida Unicode (Java, Solaris, and Lucent Inferno). Font designs have been additionally licensed by Adobe Systems, Agfa Corporation, ITC, Hewlett-Packard, Linotype Library, Monotype Typography, and the TeX Users Group. Lucida is also available from Bigelow & Holmes' own web site.

As the principal artist at Bigelow & Holmes, Holmes is responsible for the creation of over 100 digital typefaces, including conception, research, drawing, computer input, digital editing, and production management. Her illustrations have appeared in Scientific American, The Seybold Report, Computer Graphics, Fine Print and other publications. She has designed signage for Ghirardelli Square, San Francisco and Walter Lantz Studio, UCLA. Her work is included in the permanent collection of the Klingspor Museum, Germany and the Cary Graphic Arts Collection, Rochester Institute of Technology.

Kris Holmes received the 2012 RIT Frederic W. Goudy Award for excellence in typography and gave the keynote address at the 2012 RIT Reading Digital Symposium.

Film
Her screenplay, Vavilov, won a 2002 UCLA Sloan Foundation Student Film Award. She is the creator of the animated film La Bloomba, which was awarded a First Prize in the ChloroFilms 2009 contest. She has created many other animated films.

Designed fonts

Lucida Family: Lucida Grande, Lucida Sans, Lucida Console, Lucida Bright, Lucida Handwriting, Lucida Calligraphy, Lucida Casual (along with Charles Bigelow)
For Apple, Inc:
New York
Monaco
Geneva
Chancery
Textile
Kolibri
Leviathan
Isadora
Go
Wingdings (along with Charles Bigelow)

Samples of many of these typefaces are available online.

References

Sources
Macmillan, Neil. An A–Z of Type Designers. Yale University Press: 2006. .
Breuer, Gerda, Meer, Julia (ed). Women in Graphic Design Jovis, Berlin: 2012, p. 477. .

External links

Short biography (Linotype GmbH)
Short biography (15th Internationalization & Unicode Conference)
Typophile: Kris Holmes
Sloan Student Film Awards (Museum of the Moving Image)
ChloroFilms 2009 contest
Cary Graphic Arts Collection
Frederic W. Goudy Award

Harvard University alumni
UCLA Film School alumni
Portland State University faculty
Pacific Northwest College of Art faculty
Otis College of Art and Design faculty
Santa Monica College faculty
Rhode Island School of Design faculty
Living people
1950 births
Reed College alumni
People from Reedley, California
American women graphic designers
American graphic designers
American calligraphers
Women calligraphers
American animators
American women animators

Kris Holmes