Thomas Antonius Middendorp (born 6 September 1960) is a retired general of the Royal Netherlands Army. He served as Chief of Defence of the Armed forces of the Netherlands from 28 June 2012 until 3 October 2017. He previously served as the commander of Task Force Uruzgan part of the International Security Assistance Force from 2 February 2009 until 3 August 2009.

Early life
Middendorp was born on 6 September 1960 in Rheden in the Province of Gelderland.

Military career
Middendorp joined the Dutch Army in 1979, attending officers training at the Koninklijke Militaire Academie in Breda. Opting to join the Engineering Corps, he followed up his academy training with an additional one-year course at the Engineering Training Centre in Vught.

Having completed his training, Middendorp was posted to Ermelo in 1984 where he was given command of an armored engineering unit. He held this command for two years, after which (in 1986) he was transferred to Breda. He was posted to the Defence Real Estate Management Agency regional directorate as head of the project management agency. In 1989 he was transferred to the Dutch Army base in Seedorf, where he assumed the command of the B company, 41st Engineering Battalion.

From 1992 to 1994 Middendorp attended Command School : Hogere Militaire Vorming. Following this training he was posted to the Army staff and put in charge of developing and implementing new real estate management policy in light of the deactivation of the Dutch draft. Completing this posting Middendorp attended the United States Army Command and General Staff College starting in 1996.

In 1997 Middendorp was assigned the post of military assistant to the Deputy Chief of the Netherlands Defence Staff. Following this posting he was reassigned to Münster in 1999, as chief of the National Planning Bureau for the I. German/Dutch Corps. He held this post until 2001, when he was given command of the 101 Engineering Battalion in Wezep. As first commander of this battalion he was responsible for setting up the battalion and during the next  years commanded it through missions in Bosnia-Hercegovina, the Republic of Macedonia and Iraq.

Following this command, Middendorp was promoted to colonel and posted to the Ministry of Defence as policy coordinator for the chief director of general affairs. In this posting he advised the minister of defence on national deployment of the armed forces and established several cooperation agreements between the Ministry of Defence and other ministries.

Towards the end of 2006, Middendorp was posted overseas for his first tour in Afghanistan, as Senior Political Advisor and Deputy NATO Senior Civil Representative (SCR). Mid-2007 he did a short stint with the Dutch Army Command as head of the Command Support Department; he was given command of the 13th Mechanised Brigade in Oirschot on 11 January 2008.

He was posted back to Afghanistan in February 2009 as commanding officer of the multinational Task Force Uruzgan (TFU6, specifically). Returning to the Netherlands he was promoted to major-general in August 2009, and was appointed director of operations of the Royal Netherlands Defence Staff on 24 December.

The minister of defence announced Middendorp's selection as next chief of defence on 28 September 2011. In preparation for his new role, Middendorp was promoted lieutenant general on 1 January 2012 and placed in charge of projects and operations at the Defence Staff. He was promoted Four-star general on 28 June 2012, the date on which general Peter van Uhm transferred command of the Netherlands Defence Staff to him.

On 28 February 2017 Middendorp was appointed an honorary Officer of the Order of Australia (AO). He was invested by the Governor General of Australia Sir Peter Cosgrove.

On 11 January 2018 King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands appointed Middendorp as adjutant in extraordinary service of the King.

Resignation
Middendorp resigned on 3 October 2017 following the publication of a critical report into the death of two Dutch soldiers in a training accident in Mali and the resignation of Minister of Defence Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert. Lieutenant admiral Rob Bauer took on as Chief of Defence.

References

External links

Official

1960 births
Living people
Chiefs of Defence (Netherlands)
Dutch expatriates in Germany
Dutch expatriates in the United States
Dutch military personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Graduates of the Koninklijke Militaire Academie
Royal Netherlands Army generals
Royal Netherlands Army officers
People from Rheden
Honorary Officers of the Order of Australia

Tom Middendorp


Francisco Moncion (July 6, 1918 – April 1, 1995) was a charter member of the New York City Ballet. Over the course of his long career, spanning some forty years, he created roles in major works by George Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, and others. He was also a choreographer himself and a talented amateur painter.

Early life and training
Francisco Monción was born in Concepción de la Vega, a large city in La Vega province in the center of the Dominican Republic. His family immigrated to the United States in 1922 or 1923, when he was four years old. He did not begin dance training until he was twenty, and then it was almost by accident. In 1938, he was offered a scholarship to the recently established School of American Ballet, then engaged in recruiting male students. He accepted the offer and soon found himself in technique classes with Balanchine, Pierre Vladimiroff, and Anatole Oboukoff, undergoing the strict discipline of the Russian school of classical ballet. In 1942, while still a student, he appeared in the ensemble of Balanchine's Ballet Imperial in a production by the New Opera Company at the Majestic Theater in New York. However, as World War II was raging in Europe, he postponed his thoughts of becoming a professional dancer and enlisted in the U.S. Army. After two years of military service, he was discharged, whereupon he returned to New York and began his theatrical career.

Professional career

Moncion's first engagement as a professional dancer was as a "gypsy" in a Broadway revival of The Merry Widow, Franz Lehár's famous operetta, with dances choreographed by Balanchine. When this show closed, in May 1944, he joined the marquis de Cuevas's Ballet International as a principal, creating the title roles in two major productions later that year: Edward Caton's Sebastian and Léonide Massine's Mad Tristan, a Surrealist work with spectacular designs by Salvador Dalí. Of the latter, Edwin Denby wrote, "Besides Dalí, there was one other hero Friday night, Francisco Moncion, who took the part of Tristan. He carried off the most acrobatically strenuous part without a flaw, and more than that he projected the character and the story convincingly. He is a very fine dancer indeed, and a quite exceptionally imaginative one.

Following this engagement, Moncion performed briefly with Colonel de Basil's Original Ballet Russe during the early months of the 1946/47 season. He then became an original member of Ballet Society, formed by Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein in 1947, and later of its successor, the New York City Ballet. During the four decades that he spent in these companies, he created a number of important roles and participated in many historic performances. At the first performance of the New York City Ballet on October 11, 1948, he danced in all three ballets on the program: Concerto Barocco, Orpheus, and Symphony in C. Decades later, during the troupe's 20th anniversary season he appeared in the premier of Jacques d'Amboise's Tchaikovsky Suite No. 2 in collaboration with Robert Irving and John Serry Sr.

Roles created
This is a selected list. Choreography is by George Balanchine unless otherwise noted. Principal source of information is The Balanchine Catalogue.
 1944. Sebastian. Choreography by Edward Caton. Music by Gian Carlo Menotti. Role: Sebastian, opposite Viola Essen.
 1944. Mad Tristan. Choreography by Léonide Massine. Music by Richard Wagner. Role: Tristan.
 1946. The Four Temperaments. Music by Paul Hindemith. Role: Theme 3, with Gisella Caccialanza. This was at the first performance of Ballet Society.
 1947. Divertimento. Music by Alexei Haieff. Role: leading dancer, with Mary Ellen Moylan.
 1948. The Triumph of Bacchus and Ariadne. Ballet-Cantata. Music by Vittorio Rieti. Role: Midas.
 1948. Concerto Barocco. Music by Johann Sebastian Bach. Role: principal dancer, with Marie-Jeanne and Ruth Gilbert.

 1948. Orpheus. Ballet in Three Scenes. Music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: Dark Angel, with Nicholas Magallanes as Orpheus and Maria Tallchief as Eurydice.
 1948. Symphony in C. Music by Georges Bizet. Role: second movement, Adagio, with Tanaquil Le Clercq.
 1949. Firebird. Music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: Prince Ivan, with Maria Tallchief as the Firebird.
 1949. Jinx. Choreography by Lew Christensen. Music by Benjamin Britten. Role: principal dancer, with Janet Reed.
 1950. The Age of Anxiety. Choreography by Jerome Robbins. Music by Leonard Bernstein. Role: principal dancer, with Tanaquil Le Clercq.
 1951. La Valse. Music by Maurice Ravel. Role: Death.
 1952. Picnic at Tintagel. Choreography by Frederick Ashton, Music by Arnold Bax. Role: The Husband (King Mark), with Diana Adams as The Wife (Iseult).
 1953. Afternoon of a Faun. Choreography by Jerome Robbins. Music by Claude Debussy. Role: The Boy, with Tanaquil Le Clercq as the Girl.
 1954. Opus 34. Music by Arnold Schoenberg. Role: The First Time, with Patricia Wilde.
 1954. The Nutcracker. Classical Ballet in Two Acts, Four Scenes, and Prologue. Music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Role: Coffee (Arabian Dance).
 1954. Ivesiana. Music by Charles Ives. Role: Central Park in the Dark, with Janet Reed.
 1959. Episodes. Music by Anton von Webern. Role: Ricercata, with Melissa Hayden.
 1960. The Figure in the Carpet. Ballet in Five Scenes. Music by George Frideric Handel. Role: The Duke of Grenada.
 1962. A Midsummer Night's Dream. Ballet in Two Acts and Six Scenes. Music by Felix Mendelssohn. Role: Theseus, Duke of Athens.
 1965. Don Quixote. Ballet in Three Acts. Music by Nicolas Nabokov. Role: Merlin.
 1967. Jewels, part 1, Emeralds. Music by Gabriel Fauré. Role: second lead dancer, with Mimi Paul.
 1970. In the Night. Choreography by Jerome Robbins. Music by Frédéric Chopin. Role: principal dancer, with Patricia McBride.
 1972. Pulcinella. Choreography by Balanchine and Jerome Robbins. Music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: Devil.
 1982. Noah and the Flood. Choreography by Balanchine and Jacques d'Amboise. Music by Igor Stravinsky. Role: principal dancer.

Artistic diversity
Early in his career, it became clear that Moncion would never be a true danseur noble. He lacked the elegance of bearing and refinement required for princely roles. Yet it was equally clear that he was capable of effective portrayals in many different roles as a premier danseur. He was a dashing figure in the Balanchine dances for the Broadway production of The Chocolate Soldier (1947), swirling and twirling with Mary Ellen Moylan. He was a delicately tender partner to Tanaquil Le Clercq in Jerome Robbins's meditative Afternoon of a Faun (1953), bringing a sensual, feline languor to the part. He was dramatically powerful in the title role of Balanchine's Prodigal Son, entranced by the Siren of Yvonne Mounsey and then heartbreakingly contrite as he painfully made his way home to his father. In stark contrast, he was hilariously funny as The Husband in Robbins's The Concert, smoking his cigar and flitting about the stage to butterfly music. And, of course, he was mysteriously compelling and beautiful in Orpheus, as the brooding Dark Angel, the role for which he is perhaps best remembered.

Choreographies

In the 1950s and 1960s, Moncion experimented with choreographing works of his own. He made four for the New York City Ballet and two for other companies.

 1955. Jeux d'Enfants. A collaborative work with Balanchine and Barbara Millberg. Music by Georges Bizet.
 1957. Pastorale. Music by Charles Turner.
 1959. Choros No. 7. Music by Heitor Villa-Lobos.
 1960. Les Biches. Music by Francis Poulenc.
 1965. Honegger Concertino. Music by Arthur Honegger. Created for the Pennsylvania Ballet.
 1966. Night Song. Music by Harold Shapero. Created for the Washington Ballet.

Personal life
Moncion's surname is well known in the Dominican Republic, as his family is connected to General Benito Monción (1826–1898), an army officer of French descent who fought in the Dominican Restoration War. Moncion's forebears certainly included Hispanics as well as French and likely black Africans as well. Most Dominicans are of mixed ethnic and racial backgrounds. In 1947, Francisco Moncion became a citizen of the United States, where he was considered a Caribbean Latino for the rest of his life.

After his retirement from the stage in 1983, Moncion spent his leisure years at his home in Woodstock, New York, indulging his considerable talent for oil painting. His works were shown in several New York exhibitions. He died of cancer at his home at the age of 76.

See also
 New York City Ballet
 Maria Tallchief
 Tanaquil Le Clercq
 Nicholas Magallanes

References

External links
 The New York Public Library Digital Collections – Francisco Moncion photographed in performance
 GettyImages – Francisco Moncion photographed in performance
 The New York City Public Library Digital Collections - Jerome Robbins Dance Archive - Video recordings of Francisco Moncion in performance.
 Alexanderstreet.com – Video sample of Francisco Moncion and Pearl Lang performing Black Marigolds (Pearl Lang,1962)

1918 births
1995 deaths
New York City Ballet principal dancers
American male ballet dancers
Dominican Republic LGBT dancers
New York City Ballet dancers
Dominican Republic emigrants to the United States
Deaths from cancer in New York (state)
20th-century Dominican Republic LGBT people
20th-century American ballet dancers

Francisco Moncion


The white-tailed blue flycatcher (Elminia albicauda) is a species of bird in the family Stenostiridae. It is found in Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and dry savanna.

References

Elminia
Birds described in 1877
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

White-tailed blue flycatcher


Canton School is a historic one-room schoolhouse located in the unincorporated community of Canton, Iowa, United States. This school building was built in 1877 of locally quarried, roughly-dressed limestone, laid in a random ashlar pattern.  The main facade, however, is faced with concrete brick that is original to the structure.  What is unusual about this building is its decorative elements, as most one-room schoolhouses built in Iowa were plain.  The eaves and the two-stage wooden bell tower are edged with rather delicate wooden trim, and the windows are capped with concrete keystone hoods.  The use of concrete is rather sophisticated for a building in the vernacular-folk architectural style in stone.  The building served as a school until 1966 when the area's school districts were reorganized. It served as a church until 1968, and it is now surrounded by a park.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.  As of 2016 a group called Friends of Canton School is working to restore the structure.

References

School buildings completed in 1877
One-room schoolhouses in Iowa
Vernacular architecture in Iowa
Buildings and structures in Jackson County, Iowa
National Register of Historic Places in Jackson County, Iowa
School buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa
1877 establishments in Iowa

Canton School


Say's phoebe (Sayornis saya) is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family, Tyrannidae. A common bird across western North America, it prefers dry, desolate areas. It was named for Thomas Say, an American naturalist.

Taxonomy
Say's phoebe was formally described in 1825 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte from a specimen collected near Pueblo, Colorado. He coined the binomial name Muscicapa saya where the specific epithet was chosen to honour the American naturalist Thomas Say. The species is now placed in the genus Sayornis that was introduced by Bonaparte in 1854.

Two subspecies are recognised:
 S. s. saya (Bonaparte, 1825) – Alaska, west Canada, west USA and south Mexico
 S. s. quiescens Grinnell, 1926 – Baja California (northwest Mexico)

Description

Say's phoebe is a barrel-chested bird with a squared-off head. It is gray-brown above with a black tail and buffy cinnamon below, becoming more orange around the vent. The tail is long and the primaries end just past the rump on resting birds. The wings seem pale in flight and resemble a female mountain bluebird. The juvenile is similar to adult, but has buffy orange to whitish wingbars and a yellow gape. The adult bird is  long, has a wingspan of  and weighs

Distribution and habitat
They are found year-round from western Colorado, southwest to southern California, east to the western panhandle of Texas and south through western Mexico. They breed from Alaska south through western and south central Canada, south through North Dakota, the midwest and to New Mexico and westward. They winter in the desert southwest to southern Texas and south through Mexico to northern Central America. During migration these birds can be found thousands of miles out of range. There are regular fall reports in New England, U.S and Nova Scotia, Canada.

These birds prefer dry, desolate, arid landscapes. They can be found on farmland, savanna and open woodlands, usually near water. They tend to be early migrants to the western U.S.

Behaviour and ecology

Say's phoebe is similar to the eastern phoebe. It sallies from a perch to catch insects in mid-air. It also hovers American kestrel-like and dips its tail while perched. Say's phoebe also likes to feed just above the water's surface. They eat insects almost exclusively, but have been known to eat berries.

Say's phoebe nest in the typical phoebe fashion. They attach their nests under bridges, canyon walls, wells and abandoned mine shafts. The nest is made by the female and is cup-shaped. It is made of grass, forbs, moss and plant fibers lined with hair and other fine materials. She lays three to seven, but usually four or five, white, mostly unmarked, eggs. Some have red spots. The eggs are roughly .

Breeding
Say's phoebes have been found to breed anytime between late March and late August. They have a broad range of breeding elevation, including anywhere from 300 to 1800 meters. Their preferred breeding ground is open, arid country. Their breeding grounds are very wide—spanning throughout the western continental North America as far north as arctic Alaska to as far south as central Mexico.

Food and feeding
The diet is primarily insects. These include grasshoppers, flies, crickets, beetles and bees. However, it is disputed whether honey bees are actually suitable aspects of their diets. Their techniques for catching prey including taking it midair or pouncing on the insects while they are on the ground. They have also been observed to have consumed small fish. The diets of adult Say's phoebes varies from that of nestlings, with the latter consuming a higher share of soft foods.

Communication
Like other Sayornis species, Say's phoebe is known to use "song-like" displays as its main form of communication. Their singing is characterized as having a very loud pitch to begin and then slowly leveling off into a more steady pitch. This initial peak pitch is a distinctive trait to Say's phoebe compared to its other Sayornis counterparts. They generally use this form of communication to countersing other birds, make its presence known when patrolling its territory, and in during the early stages of mating season. Almost all males do the singing; however, a select few females engage in singing as well. Often times, Say's phoebe will sing while hovering over an open field.

References

External links

 Say's phoebe species account - Cornell Lab of Ornithology
 Say's phoebe - Sayornis saya - USGS Patuxent Bird Identification InfoCenter

Say's phoebe
Native birds of Alaska
Native birds of Western Canada
Native birds of the Canadian Prairies
Native birds of the Western United States
Fauna of the Southwestern United States
Native birds of the Plains-Midwest (United States)
Birds of the Great Basin
Fauna of the California chaparral and woodlands
Say's phoebe
Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte

Least concern biota of the United States

Say's phoebe


A toll revenue bond is a financial promissory note usually issued to generate funds for the construction and/or operation of a public accommodation such as an expressway, bridge, or tunnel. Funds for the repayment are obtained through revenue raised through collection of tolls from users as a fare for passage. An attraction for municipalities is that the bonds allow them to avoid legislated debt restrictions that may be encountered when issuing general obligation bonds.

Toll revenue bonds are more speculative than "general obligation" bonds, which are backed (or guaranteed) by tax revenues of a state or local government. Such bonds may be subject to default if toll revenues are insufficient to meet scheduled payments, although such defaults are rare. One example is the 23-mile long Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel (CBBT) in Virginia, one of the more ambitious such projects which was built in the mid-1960s. The facility was subject to increased construction costs due to weather, and disruption due to accidents caused by shipping traffic striking its bridges. The CBBT was in default of its toll revenue bonds for several years shortly after its completion, but these were repaid as traffic volume increased. Additional bridges were constructed later to reduce the likelihood of future disruption of revenue due to accidents.

See also
See article List of toll roads for facilities financed by toll revenue bonds.

References

Bonds (finance)
Revenue bond

Toll revenue bond


The third ventricle is one of the four connected ventricles of the ventricular system within the mammalian brain. It is a slit-like cavity formed in the diencephalon between the two thalami, in the midline between the right and left lateral ventricles, and is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Running through the third ventricle is the interthalamic adhesion, which contains thalamic neurons and fibers that may connect the two thalami.

Structure

The third ventricle is a narrow, laterally flattened, vaguely rectangular region, filled with cerebrospinal fluid, and lined by ependyma. It is connected at the superior anterior corner to the lateral ventricles, by the interventricular foramina, and becomes the cerebral aqueduct (aqueduct of Sylvius) at the posterior caudal corner. Since the interventricular foramina are on the lateral edge, the corner of the third ventricle itself forms a bulb, known as the anterior recess (it is also known as the bulb of the ventricle). The roof of the ventricle comprises choroid plexus, forming the inferior central portion of the tela choroidea; immediately above the superior central portion of the tela choroidea is the fornix.

The lateral side of the ventricle is marked by a sulcus – the hypothalamic sulcus – from the inferior side of the interventricular foramina to the anterior side of the cerebral aqueduct. The lateral border posterior/superior of the sulcus constitutes the thalamus, while anterior/inferior of the sulcus it constitutes the hypothalamus. The interthalamic adhesion usually tunnels through the thalamic portion of the ventricle, joining together the left and right halves of the thalamus, although it is sometimes absent, or split into more than one tunnel through the ventricle; it is currently unknown whether any nerve fibres pass between the left and right thalamus via the adhesion (it has more resemblance to a herniation than a commissure).

The posterior border of the ventricle primarily constitutes the epithalamus. The superior part of the posterior border constitutes the habenular commissure, while more centrally it the pineal gland, which regulates sleep and reacts to light levels. Caudal of the pineal gland is the posterior commissure; nerve fibres reach the posterior commissure from the adjacent midbrain, but their onward connection is currently uncertain. The commissures create concavity to the shape of the posterior ventricle border, causing the suprapineal recess above the habenular, and the deeper pineal recess between the habenular and posterior commissures; the recesses being so-named due to the pineal recess being bordered by the pineal gland.

The anterior wall of the ventricle forms the lamina terminalis, within which the vascular organ monitors and regulates the osmotic concentration of the blood; the cerebrum lies beyond the lamina, and causes it to have a slightly concave shape. The optic recess – marks the inferior end of the lamina terminalis, with the optic chiasm forming the immediately adjacent floor.

The portion of the floor immediately posterior of the optic chiasm distends inferiorly, and slightly anteriorly, to form a funnel (the infundibulum); the recess leading to the funnel is known as the infundibular recess. The border of the funnel is the tuber cinereum, which constitutes a bundle of nerve fibres from the hypothalamus. The funnel ends in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, which is thus neurally connected to the hypothalamus via the tuber cinereum. A venous sinus (the circular sinus) surrounds the superior portion of the tuber cinereum; the circular sinus is in fact simply a portion of the two lateral cavernous sinuses, joined together by a posterior and anterior intercavernous sinus.

The mammillary bodies form the floor posterior of the tuber cinereum, acting as the link between the fornix and the hypothalamus. Posterior of the mamillary bodies, the ventricle becomes the opening of the cerebral aqueduct, the inferior borders becoming the crus cerebri (sometimes historically called the cerebral peduncle) of the midbrain.

Development

The third ventricle, like other parts of the ventricular system of the brain, develops from the neural canal of the neural tube. Specifically, it originates from the most rostral portion of the neural tube which initially expands to become the prosencephalon. The lamina terminalis is the rostral termination of the neural tube. After about five weeks, different portions of the prosencephalon begin to take distinct developmental paths from one another – the more rostral portion becomes the telencephalon, while the more caudal portion becomes the diencephalon. The telencephalon gradually expands laterally to a much greater extent than it does dorsally or ventrally, and its connection to the remainder of the neural tube reduces to the interventricula foramina. The diencephalon expands more evenly, but caudally of the diencephalon the canal remains narrow. The third ventricle is the space formed by the expanding canal of the diencephalon.

The hypothalamic region of the ventricle develops from the ventral portion of the neural tube, while the thalamic region develops from the dorsal portion; the wall of the tube thickens and becomes the hypothalamus and thalamus respectively. The hypothalamic area of the ventricle begins to distend ventrally during the 5th week of development, creating the infundibulum and posterior pituitary; an outgrowth from the stomodeum (the future mouth) gradually extends towards it, to form the anterior pituitary.

The optic recess is noticeable by the end of the 6th week, by which time a bend is distinguishable in the dorsal portion of the ventricle border. Rostral of the bend, the medial dorsal portion of the ventrical begins to flatten, and become secretory (i.e. choroid plexus), forming the roof of the ventricle. Caudal of the bend, the ventricle border forms the epithalamus, and begins to distend towards the parietal bone (in lower vertebrates, it distends more specifically to the parietal eye); the border of the distention forms the pineal gland.

Clinical significance
The floor of the third ventricle is formed by hypothalamic structures and this can be opened surgically between the mamillary bodies and the pituitary gland in a procedure called an endoscopic third ventriculostomy. An endoscopic third ventriculostomy can be performed in order to release extra fluid caused by hydrocephalus.

Several studies have found evidence of ventricular enlargement to be associated with major depression, particularly enlargement of the third ventricle. These observations are interpreted as indicating a loss of neural tissue in brain regions adjacent to the enlarged ventricle, leading to suggestions that cytokines and related mediators of neurodegeneration may play a role in giving rise to the disease.

A chordoid glioma is a rare tumour that can arise in the third ventricle.

Additional images

See also
 Biology of depression
 Suprapineal recess
 Tanycytes line the bottom of the ventricle

References

External links

Ventricular system

Third ventricle


Joseph Tiefenthaler (or Tieffenthaler or Tieffentaller) (27 August 1710 – 5 July 1785) was a Jesuit missionary and one of the earliest European geographers to write about India.

Life and travels
Tiefenthaler was born in Bozen, in the county of Tyrol, then in the Austrian empire. Not much is known of his early life and studies except that he spent two years in Spain.  He entered the Society of Jesus on 9 October 1729, and went in 1740 to the East Indian mission.

Arriving in Goa, he was soon sent to be the Rector of the Jesuit High School of Agra. Agra was then the center of the so-called 'Mission of the Grand Moghul'.  In 1747 he went to Narwar where he stayed for about 18 years.

To escape Prime Minister Pombal's order for all Jesuits to be expelled from Portuguese controlled areas (in 1759), he left and travelled around North India.
He followed the entire course of the Ganges down to Calcutta, which had been newly established as a city by Job Charnock as a commercial settlement of the English. On returning to Agra in 1778, he received the news that the Society of Jesus, the religious order to which he belonged, had been suppressed by Pope Clement XIV.  He stayed in India, and on his death in 1785 in Lucknow was buried in the mission cemetery in Agra.

Works

Besides his native tongue he understood Latin, Italian, Spanish, French, Hindustani, Arabic, Persian, and Sanskrit.

In geography, he wrote a Descriptio Indiæ, a circumstantial description of the twenty-two provinces of India, of its cities, fortresses, and the most important smaller towns, together with an exact statement of geographical positions, calculated by means of a simple quadrant. The work also contains a large numbers of maps, plans, and sketches drawn by himself, and the list of geographical positions fills twenty-one quarto pages. He also prepared a large book of maps on the Ganges Basin, entitled: Cursus Gangæ fluvi Indiæ maximi, inde Priaga seu Elahbado Calcuttam usque ope acus magneticæ exploratus atque litteris mandatus aJ. T. S. J. (1765). The original map of the lower course of the river measures 15',that of the middle course, from Benares to Patna, measures 4' 3" square. In addition there is a map of similar dimensions of the Gagra, the whole accompanied by numerous notes, sketches of particular parts, and maps giving details. he also wrote a work on the regions containing the sources of the chief rivers of India.

In the field of religions he wrote Brahmanism, a work directed against the writings of the Irishman John Zephaniah Holwell and the Scotsman Alexander Dow. Others of his writings were on Indian polytheism, Indian asceticism, the religion of the Parsees, Islam, the relation of these religions to one another, etc. His writings in the department of the natural sciences are: astronomical observations on the sunspots and Zodiacal light, studies on Hindu astronomy, astrology, and cosmology, and descriptions and observations of the flora and fauna of India. He also wrote in Latin on the origin of Hindus and of their religion, an account in German of the expeditions of Nadir Shah to India, the deeds of the Mughal Shah Alam in Persian, and in French in incursions of the Afghans and the conquest of Delhi, and the contemporary history of India, 1757–64. In linguistics he wrote a Sanskrit-Parsee lexicon, treatises in Latin on the language of the Parsees, on the proper pronunciation of Latin, etc.

Tiefenthaler sent these works in manuscript partly to the Danish scholar Dr. Kratzenstein in Copenhagen, partly to the French orientalist and geographer A. H. Anquetil-Duperron (1731–1805). The latter praised the value and importance of the works, especially those on geography, in his address before the French Academy of Sciences (Journal des Scavans, Dec., 1776), and made the writing of Tiefenthaler partly accessible to the academic world in his Recherches hist. et géogr. sur l'Inde (1786), and also in his Carte général du cours du Gange et du Gagra dressée par les cartes particuliéres du P. Tieffenthaler (Paris, 1784).  A part of the manuscripts in Copenhagen were obtained by the German scholar Johann Bernoulli of Berlin who used them in connection with the Recherches of Anquetil for the work Des Pater Joseph Tieffenthalers d. Ges. Jesu. und apost. Missionarius in Indien historisch-geographische Beschreibung von Hindustan . . . (3 vols., quarto, Berlin-Gotha, 1785–87). The greater part of the first two volumes is devoted to Tiefenthaler's writings, his maps, and sketches. the French edition, entitled Description hist. et géogr. de l'Inde . . . appeared in Berlin in three vols. (1786–91).  A large part of his manuscripts are probably still extant in Paris and Copenhagen.

See also
List of Catholic clergy scientists

References
  cites:
 NOTI. Jos. Tieffentaller, S. J., A Forgotten Geographer of India (Mumbai, 1906);
 SIN, S.N., Tieffenthaler on latitudes and longitudes in India, in Indian Journal of the History of Science, Vol.17, 1982, pp. 1–17.

External links

1710 births
1785 deaths
18th-century Austrian people
18th-century writers in Latin
18th-century male writers
18th-century Austrian Jesuits
Austrian Roman Catholic missionaries
Austrian geographers
Roman Catholic missionaries in India
Explorers of Asia
Explorers of India
Explorers of Ayodhya
Austrian expatriates in India
Religious leaders from Bolzano
Jesuit scientists
Jesuit missionaries in India

Joseph Tiefenthaler


Wolfgang Joachim Zuckermann (11 October 1922 – 30 October 2018) was a German-American harpsichord maker and activist. He was born in Berlin. He invented a highly popular kit for constructing new instruments and wrote an influential book, The Modern Harpsichord.  As environmental and social activist, he has authored books including The Mews of London and The End of the Road.

In June 1994 he became founder and owner-manager of Shakespeare, an English-language bookstore and arts center in Avignon, named after a famous earlier "Shakespeare" bookstore run in Paris. Zuckermann retired from running the bookstore in 2012.

Zuckermann died on 4 November 2018 in Avignon, France at the age of 96.

References

1922 births
2018 deaths
American activists
American environmentalists
Writers from Berlin

Wolfgang Zuckermann


The gaita sanabresa is a type of bagpipe native to Sanabria, a comarca of the province of Zamora in northwestern Spain.

The gaita sanabresa features a single drone. The scale of this chanter is distinct from others in Spain, in A mode (Eolic) much different from the gaita alistana of Aliste in D Mode (Doric) as well as the "Gaita Mirandesa" from Portugal. In playing, the fingering is generally open, though some players use semi-closed touches.

The instrument was in decline in the 20th century and nearly extinct by the 1980s, but subsequent revivals, aided in part by the Escuela de Folclore de Puebla de Sanabria has led to a new local popularity for the instrument.

Sources
Gaita Sanabresa.com

Bagpipes
Zamoran musical instruments

Gaita sanabresa


The Shetland wren (Troglodytes troglodytes zetlandicus) is a small passerine bird in the wren family.  It is a subspecies of the Eurasian wren endemic to the Shetland archipelago of Scotland, with the exception of Fair Isle which has its own endemic subspecies, the Fair Isle wren. The Shetland wren is distinguished by its darker and more rufous-brown colouring from the mainland form, with a heavily barred underside, the barring extending from belly to breast.  The bill is stouter and longer and it has stronger legs.

Description
Adult birds are about  and the sexes are similar in this species. As compared to the Eurasian wren (Troglodytes troglodytes), it is much darker in colouration, especially the crown and nape which are nearly black. The barring on the upper parts is blacker and the markings on the lores and ear coverts are darker brown. The throat and breast are brownish-buff rather than white and the dark speckling on the belly extends further up the flanks and breast. The beak is dark brown and the sturdy legs are mid-brown. The song is rather louder and more varied than the Eurasian wren, perhaps to make it more audible on the boulder beaches where it mainly breeds.

Distribution and habitat
This wren is endemic to the Shetland Islands. It is found on and near cliffs and rocky shores, around crofts and walls. The main breeding habitat of Shetland wrens is boulder beaches, though when population levels increase some birds will nest further inland, in bushes or beside streams.

Status
An estimate of the population, dating back to the start of the 21st century, was of 1500–3000 breeding pairs.

References

Shetland wren
Birds of Europe
Biota of Shetland
Endemic fauna of Scotland
1910 in Scotland
Endemic biota of the Scottish islands
Shetland wren

Shetland wren


Dr. Candice Feiring is a Senior Research Scholar at the College of New Jersey and has been a professor of pediatrics and psychiatry at University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. She is the Director of the Center for Youth Relationship and Development. Her research focuses on processes (such as shame, attribution and social support) related to adjustment in sexually abused youth and adolescent romantic relationships. Dr. Feiring has been honored with a William T. Grant Faculty Scholars award and has been the recipient of federally funded grants from the National Institute of Mental Health, Department of Justice, and Department of Education. She serves on the Editorial Board of the Journal of Research on Adolescence and is the Editor of Child Maltreatment. She was a member of the NIMH "Psychosocial development, risk and prevention" study section, the New Jersey Governor's Council on Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (2003–2007)and is an advisor for the National Center of Child Traumatic Stress. Dr. Feiring is the principal investigator on an NIMH supported longitudinal study of processes related to adjustment following the discovery of sexual abuse. This project spans development from childhood into young adulthood and has been instrumental in guiding theory and intervention for youth with a history of sexual abuse. The research from this study was awarded the 2003 American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children Research Award. She has been selected as the next Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Child Maltreatment.

References

External links
Furman, Wyndol, Brown, B. Bradford, and Feiring, Candace, "The Development of Romantic Relationships in Adolescence"
Belle, Deborah, "Children's Social Networks and Social Supports"

The College of New Jersey faculty
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people

Candice Feiring


The Zeppelin R Class was a type of rigid airship developed by Zeppelin Luftschiffbau in 1916  for use by the Imperial German Navy and the German Army for bombing and  naval patrol work. Introduced in July 1916 at a time when British air defences were becoming increasingly capable, several were lost in the first months of operation, leading the Germans to reconsider their technical requirements and eventually to develop airships capable of bombing from a greater height. Most surviving examples were modified to meet these requirements, by reducing weight at the expense of performance. A total of 17 were built.

Background
Work on the R class started in March 1915, when the German Navy asked both Zeppelin and Schütte-Lanz to prepare studies for a new class of airship which would be limited in size by the existing sheds. The proposals were rejected by the Navy's aviation department, and a decision was made to design a new class of six-engined airships regardless of size. Double sheds at Tondern and Seddin were to be lengthened and six new double hangars would be constructed, four of them at a new base at Ahlhorn. A new large assembly shed was built at Friedrichshafen, and a second Zeppelin factory at Staaken near Berlin was established.

Design and development
Influenced by aerodynamicist Paul Jaray, the hull shape was more streamlined than the preceding P class, although traditionalists in the company insisted that a portion of the hull should be parallel sided to prevent instability. The structure consisted of 20 wire braced 13-sided transverse frames, all but the rear three and front two frames made up of kingpost-braced girders. These were spaced 10 m (32 ft 9 in) apart, with an intermediate frame in the middle of each bay, and were attached to a triangular section ventral keel, the apex of which was braced to the ends of the outer ends of the lower transverse frame girders on each side.
The transverse frames were connected by 13 principal longitudinal girders, of which the one at the top of the hull was a more substantial W-section girder. There were secondary longitudinal girders between the principal girders. A central axial bracing cable running the length of the hull was fitted to reduce the load on the transverse bracing of the mainframes in the case of the deflation of a single gasbag. This feature was the subject of a Schütte Lanz patent, and had not previously been used by Zeppelin.

As in the preceding P and Q classes, the forward control car contained a single engine driving a pusher propeller and an aft engine car contained three engines, one driving a pusher propeller at the rear of the car and the other two driving propellers mounted on brackets on either side of the hull via driveshafts: these were reversible. Unlike the previous design, which had the three engines mounted in line, the two engines driving the hull-mounted propellers were side by side. The additional two engines were carried in small engine cars either side of the hull, accessed by a catwalk from the keel gangway.

The bomb load was carried in a compartment in the centre of the keel. The keel also accommodated the rubberised canvas ballast bags and the main fuel tanks, which could be jettisoned in an emergency. Fuel was pumped from these tanks to individual gravity tanks above each engine car. As a legacy of the loss of the crew of LZ 54 (L 19), two lightweight lifeboats, made of canvas stretched over a wooden frame, were carried. A total of 10 machine guns were carried as defensive armament: three in the forward platform on top of the hull, one in an aft gun position behind the rudders, two in both the forward and aft gondolas and one in each of the wing cars either side of the hull.

Following the loss of four of the first R class Zeppelins to be built during raids on England, a decision was made to develop airships capable of operating at greater altitude, and most of the remaining R class were modified in order to reduce weight:  one engine was removed from the aft gondola, the defensive armament was removed and the bomb load reduced by half. This increased the ceiling to over 4900 mn (16,080 ft)   Later an improved streamlined rear gondola was fitted.

Service history
The R class was brought into service at a time when the air defences of Britain were becoming much more capable, with the introduction of mixture of explosive and incendiary rounds used by the defending aircraft. Four were lost during raids on England before the end of the year. The first R class to be constructed was LZ 62 (L 30), first flown on 28 May 1916 and commissioned two days later, when it was flown to Nordholz carrying Count Zeppelin as a passenger.  After taking part in nine bombing raids and making 31 patrol flights it was decommissioned in November 1917: it was broken up in 1920.

By the end of November the next four to be constructed had all been shot down while bombing England. On 24 September LZ 76 (L 33), its gasbags holed by antiaircraft fire, came down at Little Wigborough. Although the crew tried to set fire to it, little hydrogen was left in its gasbags and examination of the wreckage provided the British with a great deal of information about airship construction, which was used in the design of the R33-class airships.  The same night LZ 74 (L 32) was shot down in flames over Billericay.  On 2 October LZ 72 (L 31), which  had been commissioned on 14 July and was commanded by Heinrich Mathy, the most successful airship captain of the war, was shot down in flames over Potters Bar  by Lt. Wulstan Tempest, and on 27–28 November  L 34 was brought down in flames off the coast at Hartlepool by 2nd Lt. Ian Pyott.

In December 1916 LZ 84 (L 38) and LZ 80 (L 35) were transferred to Wainoden in order to attempt to bomb St. Petersburg. L 38 was forced down by adverse weather conditions and damaged beyond repair, while L 35, hampered by failure of one engine and problems with the others caused by the extreme cold, turned back before it reached the target. No further attempt to bomb St Petersburg was made.

The first raid by the modified high altitude R class airships was made on the night of 16–17 March 1917, when L 35, L 39, L 40 and L 41, accompanied by L 42, the first S class Zeppelin, attempted to bomb London. Flying at over 5200 m (17,000 ft) they encounted unexpected high winds, and navigational difficulties were encountered because of cloud cover and British jamming of the German radio frequencies, which disabled radio direction finding. Damage was insignificant, and the wind made the return journey difficult: L 39, probably a victim of engine failure, was blown over France and eventually shot down by antiaircraft fire near Compiègne.  Another raid on May 23-4 by L 40, L 45, L 47 together with the S-class airships L 42 and L 43 and the T class L 44 was also ineffective, with no airships reaching London.

Three R class zeppelins L 30 and L 31 and L 32 were among the reconnaissance force deployed as part of the Sunderland raid on 19 August. The Zeppelins did not distinguish themselves: although the British Grand Fleet was spotted by L 31 it was mistaken for a smaller force and due to a temporary course change it was not reported as being a threat. The older L 13, part of the southern patrol group, spotted the Harwich Force, but mistook it for a more powerful formation: this caused Scheer to change course in an attempt to intercept it, so avoiding an encounter with the Grand Fleet.

L 35, after taking part in 5 bombing raids and making 14 patrols over the North Sea, was withdrawn from combat operations in September 1917 and used for experimental flights. These included a trial in which an Albatros D.III fighter aeroplane was suspended below the ship and released at altitude: the intention was to use this to defend the airship against British seaplane patrols over the North Sea. Although the single trial, made on 25 January 1918, was successful Peter Strasser did not consider that the idea was useful unless a suitable seaplane could be developed, and the experiment was not repeated.

LZ 90, one of the two examples flown by the Army and given the Army designation LZ 120, made a notable endurance flight in 1917; under the command of Ernst Lehmann it took off from Seerappen on 26 July with a crew of 29, and flew over the Baltic for 101 hours, returning to its base because a storm was expected. When it landed it still had enough fuel for 14 hours flight.  LZ 120 survived the war and was handed over to Italy as war reparations: it was destroyed when a storm wrecked its shed at Ciampino in June 1921.

See also
German strategic bombing during World War I

Specifications

Notes

References
Cole, Christopher and  Cheesman, E. F. The Air Defence of Great Britain 1914–1918. London: Putnam, 1984. .
Robinson, Douglas H., Giants in the Sky Henley-on Thames: Foulis, 1973
Robinson, Douglas H., The Zeppelin in Combat Henley-on Thames: Foulis, 1971 (3rd ed)

Zeppelins
1910s German bomber aircraft
1910s German patrol aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1916

Zeppelin R Class


Sidney Thomas Freeman (21 August 1888 – 6 June 1971) was an English cricketer, who played six first-class matches between 1919 and 1921, three each for Gloucestershire and HK Foster's XI.

Excerpt from The Evening Star and Daily Herald, Thursday, June 24, 1920:

"Although everything was dwarfed by the brilliant innings of 144 by F. G. Robinson. great credit must be given to S. T. Freeman, a young amateur, who was making his first appearance for Gloucestershire. The importance of the occasion seemed to affect him not at all, and playing extremely confidently from the outset, he put together 45 of the best by sound cricket, his partnership with his captain releasing 158 runs in ninety-five minutes."

All of Freeman's ten first-class wickets came in his two games for HK Foster's XI, both against Worcestershire in 1919. His best figures of 4-31 were achieved on his debut that July at Hereford, his first wicket being that of Arthur Jewell, the nephew of future Worcestershire captain Maurice Jewell. In another match against the same opponents in August he was caught and bowled for 58, a career best score, by John Coventry, another future Worcestershire captain; this was Coventry's first first-class wicket. A nice symmetry was achieved when Freeman in turn dismissed Coventry in the second innings.

Freeman's last game was against Glamorgan, playing in only their third first-class match; Gloucestershire won by the emphatic margin of an innings and 191 runs, but Freeman contributed only five runs (albeit not out) and a catch; he did not bowl a ball.

Freeman was born in Norton, Gloucester; he died in Whitbourne, Herefordshire at the age of 82.

External links

 Statistical summary from CricketArchive

1888 births
1971 deaths
Cricketers from Gloucester
English cricketers
Gloucestershire cricketers

Sidney Freeman


The Archi District (), also known as Dasht-i-Archi is situated in the northeastern part of Kunduz Province in Afghanistan. It borders with Khan Abad and Kunduz districts to the south-west, Imam Sahib District to the north-west, Tajikistan to the north and Takhar Province to the east.

The population is 74,900 (2006) - 40% Pashtun, 15% Tajik, 35% Uzbek, and 10% Turkmen.

The district center is the town of Archi, located in the northern part of the district.

The district is generally poor and seriously affected during the wars.

References

 District profile

External links

 AIMS District Map

Districts of Kunduz Province

Dasht-e-Archi District


The Aprilia RS125 is a GP derived replica sport production motorcycle.  It is powered by a Rotax single cylinder 124.8 cc two-stroke engine with Nikasil coated aluminium cylinder block, and liquid cooling.

Generations

RS125 Extrema/Replica 1992 to 1995

Aprilia introduced the first RS125 in 1992. It has an angular tail section and swept front fairing, square cut headlight unit, three spoke rims, air scoops on the upper front middle fairing, Electric starter or kick start on the left hand side and analogue gauges. There was only one model variant in this year range which denoted RS 125 R on the tank and was red and black in colour. Production was late 1993/94

RS125 1996 to 1998

The RS125 is revised and the Extrema wording is dropped.  The RS retains a lot of the appearances of the previous RS but there are some notable differences.  The first one is a new engine, the Rotax 122, a new improved version to the previous one. The front air intakes are integrated into the front upper portion of the middle fairing.  The headlight unit is rounded and the lip is introduced to the top centre.  A digital gauge is added in place of the temperature gauge.

RS125 1999 to 2005

The RS125 was revised again in 1999 with more rounded and bulbous fairings, five spoke rims and a single air duct on the driver's right hand side. The lip on the headlight unit is increased in size.

RS125 2006 to 2012

The RS125 was given completely new fairing styling similar to the RSV 1000R. It has angular fairings, two headlight bulbs, a digital gauge, and multispoke Marchesini-styled rims.

Aprilia changed to radial four-piston brake calipers and added braided brake lines.

In 2008, Aprilia changed the electronics from Nippon-Denso to Piaggio/EFI Technolog electronics, and changed to a new ECU to meet the more stringent EURO3 emissions standards.

The bike also has a vacuum fuel tap on the tank and a new Dell'orto 28 mm VHST carburetor that has the vacuum pipe extension.

The line was dropped in 2012 to make way for the new RS4 125, going from a two-stroke to a single-cylinder four-stroke fuel injected system.

Tuono 2003 to 2005

The RS125 Tuono was introduced in 2003 as a semi naked version of the RS125. Production ran until 2005 and was subsequently dropped from the line-up.

The Tuono was essentially an RS125 with the middle and lower portions of the fairings absent and a handlebar fitted on the top yoke.

Notes

External links
 RS 125 Official site.

RS125
Sport bikes
Motorcycles introduced in 1992
Two-stroke motorcycles
Single-cylinder motorcycles

Aprilia RS125


ISO/IEC 18014 Information technology — Security techniques — Time-stamping services is an international standard that specifies time-stamping techniques. It comprises four parts:
 Part 1: Framework
 Part 2: Mechanisms producing independent tokens
 Part 3: Mechanisms producing linked tokens
 Part 4: Traceability of time sources

Part 1: Framework
In this first part of ISO/IEC 18014, several things are explained and developed:
 The identification of the objectives of a time authority.
 The description of a general model on which time stamping services are based.
 The definition of time stamping services.
 The definition of the basic protocols of time stamping.
 The specifications of the protocols between the involved entities.

Key words: audit, non-repudiation, security, time-stamp

Part 2: Mechanisms producing independent tokens
A time-stamping service provides evidence that a data item existed before a certain point in time. Time-stamp services produce time-stamp tokens, which are data structures containing a verifiable cryptographic binding between a data item's representation and a time-value. This part of ISO/IEC 18014 defines time-stamping mechanisms that produce independent tokens, which can be verified one by one.

Part 3: Mechanisms producing linked tokens
This part of ISO/IEC 18014:
 Describes a general model for time-stamping services producing linked tokens.
 Describes the basic components used to construct a time-stamping service of this type.
 Defines the data structures used to interact with a time-stamping service of this type.
 Describes specific instances of such time-stamping services.

References

Cryptography standards
18014

ISO/IEC 18014


Tehsil barikot is located in swat , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is famous for Bazeera. This Barikot is a town located in the middle course of the Swat River in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is about 20 km away from Mingora and the Butkara Stupa. It is the entrance town to the central Swat Valley with a population of about 25,000 people.

Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometers about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which has long been home to the majority of the human population, was the site of many of the first civilizations. Its 4.7 billion people constitute roughly 60% of the world's population, having more people than all other continents combined.

Swat District
Tehsils of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Barikot Tehsil


Bryan Patrick Beirne (22 January 1918 – 31 March 1998) was an Irish entomologist who emigrated to Canada in 1949. He specialized in pest management.

Born in Rosslare, County Wexford, Beirne's interest in entomology began when he collected caterpillars and released them as butterflies.

A student at Blackrock College in Blackrock, County Dublin, Beirne was uninterested in most subjects and even less interested in sport. He later claimed to have perfected the art of "running away from a ball while seeming to run towards it."

At the age of 16, Beirne entered Trinity College Dublin where he devised his own course of studies and received his Ph.D. at age 22. He held the prestigious Overseas Scholarship of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851, before becoming a full-time member of the faculty of Trinity College in 1943, at the age of 25. He received an appointment as Senior Entomologist for the Canadian Government in Ottawa in 1949, and in 1955 was appointed director of the research of the Research Institute for Biological Control in Belleville, Ontario.

In 1967, he led seven of his scientific colleagues to Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia where they established the Pestology Centre, the first structured professional program leading to the then-novel degree of Master in Pest Management (MPM). At SFU Dr. Beirne also served as Dean of Graduate Studies and Emeritus Professor of Pest Management. After his retirement in 1983, he maintained close ties with the university and energetically involved himself in innovative business enterprises in pest control and in research on the histories of pest control in both Canada and Ireland. Dr. Beirne was elected a member of the Royal Irish Academy in 1944. He was the recipient of many honours and awards including the gold medal of the Entomological Society of Canada and the Career Achievement Award of the Science Council of British Columbia.. He lectured in more than 20 countries, published over 15 books and more than 120 scientific research papers. The insect genus Beirneola was named after him as were a number of insect species. He discovered and named more than 30 previously unknown species. His career accomplishments were great and provide on-going benefit. More important still was his positive influence on family, friends, students and colleagues.

He died in Burnaby, British Columbia in 1998.

He has been memorialised at Simon Fraser University with the "B.P. Beirne Prize in Pest Management." He will be remembered by his clansmen for his book, "The Family O'Beirne," published in 1997 and as the inspiration for "The O'Beirne Family Journal," first published January 1998.

Works
 The genitalia of the British Rhopalocera and the larger moths by F.N. Pierce & B.P. Bierne. Publ. F.N. Pierce (1941)
 The Origin and History of British Fauna  Methuen (1952)
British Pyralid and Plume Moths Frederick Warne (1952)
Pest Management  London: Leonard Hill (1966)
Irish Entomology. Irish Naturalists' Journal Special Issue (1985)
Beirne also published important faunal lists of Lepidoptera and taxonomic works on both Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera

External links
Short Biography and Chronology of Beirne
Profile Science Canada

1918 births
1998 deaths
Irish emigrants to Canada
Irish entomologists
Irish lepidopterists
Hymenopterists
People educated at Blackrock College
People from County Wexford
20th-century Irish zoologists
20th-century Canadian zoologists

Bryan Patrick Beirne


11 South LaSalle Street Building or Eleven South LaSalle Street Building (formerly Roanoke Building and Tower and originally Lumber Exchange  Building and Tower Addition or simply the Roanoke Building and Lumber Exchange Building) is a Chicago Landmark building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and that is located at 11 South LaSalle Street in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois, United States.  This address is located on the southeast corner of LaSalle and Madison Street in Cook County, Illinois, across the Madison Street from the One North LaSalle Building.  The building sits on a site of a former Roanoke building (once known as Major Block 2) that once served as a National Weather Service Weather Forecast official climate site and replaced Major Block 1 after the Great Chicago Fire.  The current building has incorporated the frontage of other buildings east of the original site of Major Block 1.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (under the name Lumber Exchange  Building and Tower Addition) on December 6, 2007, and named a Chicago Landmark on December 12, 2007.  It incorporates the lands of the former DeSoto Building and former Farwell Hall. The building was renovated to become the world's largest Residence Inn in 2015.

Original Roanoke Building

A four-story Major Block 1 building, designed by T. V. Widskier, sat on this location until the Great Chicago Fire.  After the fire, this was replaced with the Major Block 2, which eventually became known as the Roanoke Building.  Major Block 2 stood from 1872 to 1912 as a seven-story building on spread foundations.  It was designed by Dixon & Hamilton and had a length of  along South LaSalle Street and a width of  along West Madison Street.  A commonly published illustration of this building shows it as a five-story building. From June 8, 1873, to January 1, 1887, the original Roanoke building served as the Chicago location for the National Weather Service Weather Forecast official climate site. The building is mentioned in Saul Bellow's More Die of Heartbreak but there it is referred to as a wealthy residence building and not as an office building.

Current Roanoke Building

The original current building

The current building was designed in three phases: in 1915 Holabird & Roche's design for the first 16 floors was built, and five floors were added in 1922.  It was built originally as the sixteen-story high Lumber Exchange Building and later renamed as the 11 South LaSalle Street Building.  The Holabird & Roche design had three basements and rock caissons.  The original 16-floor building was a late Chicago school commercial building that incorporated arches at both the fourth and the top floor, but when the top five floors were added in 1922 under the original cornice, the top rank of arches disappeared.  The building uses dark terra cotta with italianate designs.  The vaulted ceiling and marble wall lobby contribute to what is described as a classical entrance and lobby.  The Palladian entrance uses contrasting white varigated and black marble.

Tower addition
In 1925, the building was built to its current 35 story height by the addition of an adjacent tower to the east of the Madison street frontage. The entire building contains . The 36-story tower was added east of the original structure on the site of the former DeSoto Building at 125-129 West Madison.  The tower was an early example of the use of setbacks and it uses ranks of paired windows. When the Tower was built, four bronze bells were cast by the Meneely Bell Company (the second Meneely Bell Foundry) and installed as a clock-chime.  They were set to chime an original composition called "Samheim", which is Norse for "Tomorrow", every quarter-hour. The largest of these bells weighs  and is inscribed with the name "Leander" in honor of Leander McCormick. The current Roanoke building is the city's only example of a building in the style of Portuguese Gothic architecture.  According to the press release from the city announcing the landmark promotion, the building's terra cotta ornamentation is derived from Portuguese Gothic precedents. The building was modernized in the 1950s and went through a postmodern renovation in 1984 to evoke the original ornamentation. The building has the same frontage as the original Roanoke building plus that of the former Farewell Hall (built by William W. Boyington at 131-3 West Madison Street).

From 1920 until 1969 the building hosted the offices of the law firm Sidley & Austin.  Today the building is leased by small service industry firms, such as second-floor tenant Thomas P. Gohagan & Co., which arranges travel trips and tours for non-profit organizations.

The building is undergoing renovation to the lobby, the façade, the elevators and the exterior lighting.  The recent National Register listing has made the renovation feasible by making the building eligible for federal tax credits and reduced property taxes.  The building qualified for the landmark Class L tax status, which makes it eligible for twelve years of reduced property taxes and other economic incentives for repair and rehab of historic buildings  In order to perform the renovation the owners took out a $43.3 million loan against the property according to Form 8-K filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Its National Registered Historic Places announcement listed it under the name "Lumber Exchange Building and Tower Addition" although its Chicago Landmark listing is under the name "Roanoke Building and Tower."

2015 Remodel
In October 2006, Michael Reschke bought the Roanoke building and he refinanced it in 2007. In 2009, Reschke announced plans to convert the building into a high-end hotel. In April 2012, Michael Silberberg-led Berkley Properties LLC appeared to have bought the Roanoke Building from KBS Capital Advisors LLC with plans to convert the building into a hotel. However, financing difficulties caused the plans to be caught up in legal proceedings within a month. By January 2014, Reschke had prevailed in a legal battle and secured financing for a $68 million construction loan to convert the building into a Residence Inn. In late 2014, the city approved a $13.8 million, 12-year property tax incentive for rehabilitating historic elements of the building, adding a green roof, and converting the building to a Residence Inn. On September 21, 2015, the building opened for business as the largest Residence Inn in the world with 380 rooms and 7500 square feet of meeting space after $136 million in renovations over two years. On November 10, 2015, Residence Inn celebrated its 40th anniversary during the 100th year of the building's existence at this location, which was its 700th location.

References

External links

 Emporis.com listing

Commercial buildings completed in 1915
Commercial buildings completed in 1922
Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Chicago
Skyscraper office buildings in Chicago
Commodity exchanges in the United States
Chicago school architecture in Illinois
Chicago Landmarks
1915 establishments in Illinois

Roanoke Building


Bahia Bakari (born 15 August 1996) is a French woman who was the sole survivor of Yemenia Flight 626, an Airbus A310, which crashed into the Indian Ocean near the north coast of Grande Comore, Comoros on 30 June 2009, killing the other 152 people on board. 12-year-old Bakari, who had little swimming experience and had no life vest, clung to a piece of aircraft wreckage, floating in heavy seas for over nine hours, much of it in pitch darkness, before being rescued. Her mother, who had been traveling with her from Paris, France, for a summer vacation in Comoros, died in the crash.

Dubbed "the miracle girl" by the world press (), Bakari was flown back to France on a private Falcon-900 government jet, escorted by French Co-operation Minister Alain Joyandet. Arriving at Le Bourget airport, she was reunited with her father, Kassim Bakari, and the rest of her family, and transported to a Paris hospital for a fractured pelvis and collarbone, burns to her knees and some facial injuries.

Upon her return to Paris, Minister Joyandet hailed Bakari's survival:
Bakari was released from the hospital three weeks later, after undergoing treatment and surgery. In 2010 she released a memoir book, "Moi Bahia, la miraculée" ("I'm Bahia, the miracle girl"), co-authored with a French journalist as a ghostwriter, detailing her survival and rescue. She has reportedly turned down an offer by Steven Spielberg to make a film based on her book.

Early life and education
Bakari was born on 15 August 1996 in the former French commune of Évry, Essonne, near Paris, France. She was the oldest of four children born to Kasim Bakari (born 1961) and his wife Aziza Aboudou, both of whom were from the Comorian village of Ngnoumadzaha Mvoubari. Kasim worked as a janitor while Aziza was a homemaker. Bakari had two younger brothers named Badru and Badavi, and a younger sister named Badyan.

After the crash, Bakari studied at the Louise-Michel College.

Flight history and crash

Bakari and her mother, Aziza Aboudou, were traveling to the Comoros for a summer vacation. Like many of the passengers of Yemenia Flight 626, they began their voyage from Paris, France on Yemenia Flight 749, an Airbus A330-200, which made an intermediate stop in Marseille and then landed in Sana'a, Yemen. There the passengers boarded Flight 626, an Airbus A310-324, for the flight segment to Comoros, with a stop in Djibouti. As it descended for its approach, minutes away from its final destination of Prince Said Ibrahim International Airport, the jet plunged into the ocean  north of the coastline of Grande Comore island, breaking apart as it hit the water, at approx. 01:50 local time (22:50 UTC). Bakari was ejected from the plane as it crashed, and found herself floating alone outside amid debris. Investigators would later determine that the cause of the accident was pilot error due to the approach being unstabilized and the flight crew's inappropriate responses to the ground proximity and stall warning systems.

Survival

Bakari reported having no life jacket and only minimal swimming skills, but she managed to hold on to a piece of fuselage wreckage. One night elapsed before her rescue. She reported later that initially there must have been other survivors, as she could hear them after the crash but later the voices became silent. The next morning, Bakari came to realize she was alone at sea, having been drifting for hours without food and water. She also reported having seen a ship on the horizon that was too far away to notice her.

Rescue
Since the Comorian government has no ships of its own, it asked all commercial and private vessels to help in the search and rescue effort. At approximately 11:00 local time (08:00 UTC), about nine hours after the crash, the Sima Com 2 — a privately owned ship which normally carries passengers between Comoros and the neighboring island of Madagascar — arrived at the crash site and discovered Bakari, as the sole survivor among bits of floating wreckage.

As soon as Bakari was sighted, a member of the rescue team threw her a life preserver, but the waters were too rough, and she was too exhausted to grab it. One of the sailors, Maturaffi Sélémane Libounah, jumped into the water and handed her a flotation device, after which they were both pulled safely aboard the Sima Com 2, where she was given dry blankets and a hot drink.

Ibrahim Abdallah, another sailor on the Sima Com 2, recalled Bakari's recovery:When the girl saw us approaching, she let go of the piece of debris she had been using as a life preserver. Suddenly, a large wave flipped her over and she disappeared from view, until she reappeared a few minutes later. It was at this exact moment that Maturaffi jumped into the water to save her.

The ship arrived in Port Moroni at 19:25 local time (16:25 UTC), where Bakari was handed over to medical authorities and taken to a local hospital.

Aftermath
The next day, Bakari was transported back to Paris on a private French government Falcon-900 jet, escorted by Cooperation Minister Alain Joyandet, who called her survival "a true miracle." Upon arrival, she was reunited with her father and other family members, and taken by ambulance to the Armand-Trousseau children's hospital in eastern Paris, where she was admitted and diagnosed with a fractured pelvis and collarbone, burns to her knees, cuts, bruises and exhaustion. One of her first visitors in the hospital was then French President Nicolas Sarkozy, who reportedly promised to host her and her family at the Élysée Palace. Soon afterwards, she was informed of her mother's death. She was released three weeks later after undergoing treatment and surgery.

In a commemoration ceremony held in the Comoros for the accident victims on 6 July, Comorian President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi declared a month of national mourning in his island nation and honored Maturaffi Sélémane Libounah, the sailor who had rescued Bahia Bakari, telling him: "You saved someone else's life at the risk of losing yours."

According to Aviation Safety Network's database, Bakari is a survivor of the deadliest sole survivor ocean crash, and the second-deadliest sole survivor crash ever. The only other sole survivor crash that was deadlier involved Northwest Airlines Flight 255 in 1987, in which 156 were killed, including 2 on the ground.

Book
In January 2010, Bakari released an account of her ordeal in a French memoir, "Moi Bahia, la miraculée" ("I'm Bahia, the miracle girl"), published by Jean-Claude Gawsewitch, Paris, France. In the book, co-authored with French journalist Omar Guendouz as ghostwriter, Bakari provides details about her survival and rescue. She discloses that immediately after the crash, she thought she had fallen out of the airplane by pressing her forehead too hard against the window, and that her mother—who she believed had landed safely without her—would scold her for not wearing her seat belt. Then, floating on debris in the midst of a jet fuel slick released from the aircraft's burst fuel tanks, she recalls having "...this taste of fuel in my mouth, mixed with salt, which burned my throat, my lungs and my stomach." Bakari writes that she only realized her plane had crashed and that she was the sole survivor when she was in the hospital, believing until then that she had simply fallen out into the ocean. AOL News reports that Steven Spielberg approached Bakari to make a film based on her book, but she turned him down, worried that "it would be too terrifying."

See also

List of sole survivors of aviation accidents and incidents

References

External links
 Bakari with her book
 Plane Crashes with a Sole Survivor airsafe.com

1996 births
Living people
Sole survivors
Survivors of aviation accidents or incidents
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in the Comoros
French children
French people of Comorian descent
People from Paris
French memoirists
21st-century memoirists

Bahia Bakari


Kowloon No.1 was a  cargo ship that was built in 1943 as Empire Dirk by Ailsa Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Troon, Ayrshire, United Kingdom for the  Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Spending the war years in home waters, she was sold into merchant service in 1951 and renamed Nancy Moller, and then Mount Austin after a further sale later that year. In 1956, she was sold to the Australian Government and renamed Coolabah.

She was sold to Hong Kong in 1956 and renamed Troon Breeze. A sale in 1964 to Panama saw her renamed Cachupin before she was sold back to Hong Kong in 1966 and renamed Kowloon No.1. She served until 1967 when she ran aground off Hachinohe, Japan. Although refloated, she was declared a constructive total loss and was scrapped in 1968.

Description
The ship was built in 1943 by Ailsa Shipbuilding Co Ltd, Troon. She was yard number 447.

The ship was  long, with a beam of . She had a depth of , and a draught of . As built, she was assessed at , .

The ship was propelled by a 268 nhp triple expansion steam engine, which had cylinders of ,  and  diameter by  stroke. The engine was built by Ailsa Shipbuilding Company, Troon.

History

Second World War
Empire Dirk was built for the MoWT. She was launched on 31 August 1943, and completed in November. Her port of registry was Troon. The Official Number 167650 and Code Letters BFKW were allocated. She was placed under the management of C Strubin & Son.

Empire Dirk made her maiden voyage on 28 November 1943, when she departed from the Clyde for Preston, Lancashire, arriving five days later. She departed from Preston on 10 December for the Clyde, arriving on 12 December and departing six days later for Swansea, Glamorgan, where she arrived on 22 December. She sailed from Swansea on 5 January 1944 for Cardiff, arriving that day and then sailing to join Convoy WP 459, which departed from Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire on 9 January and arrived at Portsmouth, Hampshire on 11 January. She was the only merchant ship in the convoy, which was escorted by four Hunt-class destroyers: , ,  and . She left the convoy at Plymouth, Devon on 11 January, departing the next day to join Convoy WP 460, which departed from Milford Haven on 11 January and arrived at Portsmouth two days later. Empire Dirk left the convoy at Dartmouth, Devon on 12 January, departing two days later to join Convoy WP 461, which had departed from Milford Haven on 13 January and arrived at Portsmouth on 15 January. She left the convoy at St Helens Roads, off the Isle of Wight to join Convoy CE 237, which arrived at Southend, Essex on 16 January.

Empire Dirk spend the next six months sailing the east coast of the United Kingdom, mostly in convoys between Methil Fife and Southend, with calls at Blyth, Northumberland, Hull, Yorkshire, and the Tyne. She departed from Southend on 21 July as a member of Convoy ETC 44, which was bound for the Seine Bay, in Upper Normandy, France. She then sailed to Barry, Glamorgan, via convoys FBC 34 and FBC 35, arriving on 26 July. She departed from Barry on 22 August as a member of Convoy EBC 86, which arrived at the Seine Bay two days later. Empire Dirks movements are not recorded for the next three months, but she departed from the Solent on 25 November as a member of Convoy EBF 47, which arrived at Milford Haven two days later. She sailed on to Cardiff, arriving on 28 November.

Empire Dirk was a member of Convoy BTC 38, which departed from Milford Haven on 14 January 1945 and arrived at Southend three days later. She spent the next two months sailing between Southend and Methil, with a call at Sunderland, Co Durham in February. She arrived at the Tyne on 25 March, not sailing until 4 May when she joined Convoy FS 1795, which had departed from Methil that day and arrived at Southend on 4 May. She then joined Convoy TAM 158, which departed that day and arrived at Antwerp, Belgium the same day. She left the convoy at Terneuzen, Netherlands.

Post-war

Empire Dirk made a return trip from Antwerp to Southend via convoys ATM 154 and TAM 174 before sailing to the Tyne via Southend, arriving on 30 May. She spent the next two months sailing between the Tyne, Bergen, Norway and Methil. In 1947, management of Empire Dirk was transferred to Moller Line (U.K.) Ltd. In that year, she was converted from coal to oil fuel. She was sold to her managers in 1950 and renamed Nancy Moller in 1951.

On 12 May 1951, Nancy Moller departed from Singapore, bound for Whampoa China. She was carrying a cargo of  of rubber destined for China in contravention of an export ban. On 18 May, she was intercepted by  off Hainan Island, China and escorted back to Singapore. The interception was carried out under regulation 53 of the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act 1939, which gave the British government powers to requisition any ship on the British or Colonial register and order the ship to proceed as directed. An agreement had been made between the British government and the governments of the Federation of Malaya and Singapore to limit exports of rubber to China to  per month from 9 April 1951. The embargo was part of a United Nations embargo against China, which was supplying arms to Kim Il-Sung's forces in the Korean War. Nancy Moller reached Singapore on 23 May. Her cargo was stated to be worth S$2,000,000 (then £1,000,000). Her cargo had been covered by an export licence that had been issued before the embargo came into force.

Later that year, she was transferred to Mount Line Ltd, Hong Kong and renamed Mount Austin, remaining under Moller's management. She was sold to the Australian Shipping Board in 1952 and renamed Coolabah, although she was not reflagged until October 1954. She was assessed at , . In November 1956, she was sold to the Cambray Breeze Shipping Co Ltd, Hong Kong and renamed Troon Breeze, but returning to the British flag. On 18 April 1957, Troon Breeze rescued the 25 crew of the Italian steamship , which had caught fire in the Andaman Sea off the coast of Burma. In March 1958, the owners of Troon Breeze were fined Rp200,000 (then £6,451) for a violation of maritime flag law. She had been detained for about a month at Makassar.  On 19 January 1964, Troon Breeze was seized at Samarinda, East Borneo, where she had arrived to load a cargo of lumber. The ship and her 40 crew were detained. The detention of Troon Breeze was stated by the Straits Times to be in retaliation for the detention of two Indonesian ships at Hong Kong due to court action against Penai, the Indonesian state shipping company.

Troon Breeze was sold in 1964 to the San Fernando Shipping Co SA, Panama and was renamed Cachupin. In 1966, she was sold to the Shiu Cheung Shipping & Trading Co Ltd, Hong Kong and renamed Kowloon No.1. She served until 16 September 1967 when she ran aground at Hachinohe, Japan (). She was refloated on 7 October 1967 and towed to Yokosuka, arriving on 11 October. Kowloon No.1 was declared a constructive total loss. She was sold for scrap in February 1968, and was scrapped at Oppama in June 1968.

References

External links
Photo of Coolabah passing under Sydney Harbour Bridge
Photo of Coolabah from starboard
Photo of Coolabah from port

1943 ships
Ships built on the River Clyde
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Empire ships
Ministry of War Transport ships
Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in 1951
Maritime incidents in 1957
Merchant ships of Australia
Steamships of Panama
Merchant ships of Panama
Steamships of Hong Kong
Merchant ships of Hong Kong
Maritime incidents in 1967
Iron and steel steamships of Australia

SS Kowloon No.1


The Seamen and Waterfront Workers Trade Union is a trade union in Trinidad and Tobago. Its historical base was the port but this has shrunk in significance over the years. It retains a dock and seafarers membership but has expanded into organising local factories such as National Flour Mills (NFM) and the West Indian Tobacco Company (WITCO), a cigarette making company.

See also

 List of trade unions

Trade unions in Trinidad and Tobago
Maritime trade unions


Kopalasingham Sritharan  is a Tamil Human Rights activist who along with Rajan Hoole ran the University Teachers for Human Rights while affiliated to the Department of Mathematics, University of Jaffna. He was awarded the prestigious Martin Ennals Award for Human Rights Defenders in 2007 along with Rajan Hoole for his work in documenting Human Rights violations and abuses in the civil conflict in Sri Lanka. He also worked  in Afghanistan and Nepal in UN missions as a Human Rights Officer and a Civil  Affairs Officer respectively. He is a co-author of Broken Palmyra, which was the first book published in English analyzing the violent nature of politics in the North and East of Sri Lanka and its effects on civilians. Since the murder of co-author Rajani Thiranagama, he has rarely appeared in public. His place of residence is not known to many and he does not divulge this in fear of reprisals.

References

Sri Lankan Tamil activists
Sri Lankan human rights activists
Sri Lankan Hindus
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

Kopalasingham Sritharan


Trocadero, also known as Troca, is an apple and orange flavoured Swedish soda containing caffeine. It was launched in Sweden in the summer of 1953 by Saturnus AB in Malmö, Sweden. Trocadero has been especially popular in Norrland, the northern part of Sweden, and has therefore been called the "national beverage of Norrland".

The name
Trocadero was introduced by Nils-Håkan Håkansson at Saturnus AB, and according to his grandson Edward Liepe, the name Trocadero comes from either Place du Trocadéro or Café du Trocadéro, both located in Paris, where it is pronounced with stress on the final o, but among Swedes drinking Trocadero the stress has generally been on e. However, the French name goes back to Isla del Trocadero in Spain, and in Spanish it is pronounced like in Swedish.

History
The same year Trocadero was introduced, the ban of cola drinks was lifted in Sweden. Both Coca-Cola and Cuba Cola (the latter also brewed by Saturnus) were introduced to the market. For a long time, Trocadero was the only soda, except from cola, to contain caffeine.

Saturnus eventually shifted focus and began selling essences for liquor and drink mixes. Along that line, they also began selling soda essences to other breweries instead of producing the soda themselves. Their production of Trocadero came to an end, and in 2006 they sold the brand to NordArom AB who allowed selected breweries licensed manufacturing. Since 2017, the brand was acquired by Spendrups Bryggeri AB, but Hammars Bryggeri, Mora Bryggeri and Vasa bryggeri still had licensed manufacturing until late 2017 when Spendrups was made the only licensed manufacturer.

Other
Trocadero can be also found as bulk confectionery. The green and yellow bottle is made from jelly and tastes like Trocadero. Fagerströms Karamellfabrik in Hudiksvall started producing and selling Trocadero hard candy in 2005. According to Trocadero's Facebook page, they are no longer in production.

Ingredients
 Carbonated water
 Sugar
 Juice of apple and orange
 Aromas
 Caffeine
 Acidity regulators (citric acid, phosphoric acid)
 Preservatives (potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate)
 Dyestuff (caramel E150D)
 Antioxidants (Ascorbic acid)

References

External links

Soft drinks
Swedish drinks

Trocadero (drink)


Robert Pierpoint (May 16, 1925 – October 22, 2011) was an American broadcast journalist who worked for CBS News.

Born in Redondo Beach, California, Pierpoint served in the United States Navy during World War II. In 1948, he graduated from the University of Redlands. Before becoming one of CBS's White House correspondents, Pierpoint covered the Korean War and appeared on the first edition of See It Now in 1951. Recreating the role, his voice appears in "Goodbye, Farewell and Amen", the final episode of M*A*S*H.

On November 22, 1963, he was riding in a press bus in the motorcade for President John F. Kennedy when the president was assassinated. He also covered the State Department for CBS, and appeared frequently on Charles Kuralt's Sunday Morning broadcasts until his retirement.

As a close associate of Edward R. Murrow on radio and television, he was seen as having been a member of the second generation of Murrow's Boys.

Pierpoint also served as White House correspondent for six presidential administrations, from Eisenhower to Carter. His memoirs from this period are detailed in his book, At the White House (1981). His biography, Robert Pierpoint: A Life at CBS News, authored by Tony Silvia, was published in 2014. It is based upon Pierpoint's reporter notebooks, in the archives of the Wisconsin Historical Society, as well as his personal papers, letters, and recordings, housed at his alma mater, the University of Redlands (CA).

Family
Pierpoint and his wife, Patricia Adams Pierpoint, had four children, including actor Eric Pierpoint. He is buried in the Redlands, California, Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery.

Sources
Office of Medical History: Army Air Ambulances

References

1925 births
2011 deaths
United States Navy personnel of World War II
People from Redondo Beach, California
Military personnel from California
American radio reporters and correspondents
American male journalists
American television reporters and correspondents
American war correspondents
CBS News people
University of Redlands alumni
Writers from California
Journalists from California
United States Navy sailors
20th-century American journalists

Robert Pierpoint (journalist)