Eugenio Conti is an Italian painter.

Life
He is a son of doctor Bernardino and Angela Ogliari. He studied painting at the Accademia Carrara of Bergamo and had Enrico Scuri as his teacher; in 1864 he moved to Florence and studied with Antonio Ciseri, from 1866 he was in Rome to attend the National Academy of San Luca attending the workshop of Cesare Mariani he remained there until 1864. In his youth he was linked to the patriots Garibaldi's men. He fought in 1866 as a volunteer among the Garibaldini, performing heroic deeds, and was taken prisoner by the Austrians in Trentino, and was incarcerated in Slovenia, he could only return to his homeland following an exchange of prisoners.

Later in 1874 he lived between Milan in Crema and married his cousin Zoe Fontana, with whom he had four children, discovering the village of Lierna on Lake Como thanks to a family of high nobility, where he would then spend many years in holiday, finding in that environment the inspiration for numerous works.

Works
He made paintings for the churches of Vaiano Cremasco, Credera, San Giovanni Battista and Santa Maria della Croce in Crema, for Palazzo Bonzi and villa Poma in Biella. He took part in the industrial and artistic exhibition in Cremona, in a similar exhibition in Turin and in the industrial exhibition Milan.

In 1901 he was appointed honorary member of the Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera.

Death
He is buried in the cemetery of Sergnano: on the tomb there is a bronze medallion with the portrait of him made by the sculptor Alessandro Laforêt.

Conti will often be a guest with numerous other painters of a noble family in Lierna on Lake Como, where he is hosted to stay in the summer of 1908, making his last large work before dying The boat turns the tip in Lierna, painted En plein air from the terrace of a villa on Lierna, declaring it to be the most beautiful sight of his life. The work is now part of the permanent collection of the Civic Museum of Crema and Cremasco.

Museums
 Frescoes Basilica di Sant'Ambrogio in Milan
 Civic Museum of Crema and Cremasco
 Museum of the Maggiore Hospital in Milan
 Affrechi Church of San Giacomo in Crema
 Monumental Cemetery of Milan

Exhibitions
 Universal Exhibition in Paris (1878)
 National Exhibition of Milan 1881
 Italian general exhibition of 1884
 Museo della Permanente, Milan 1885
 Triennial Italian exhibition of fine arts of 1900

Bibliography
 Thieme Becker, Kunsterlex, 1912
 A. De Gubernatis, Dizionario artisti italiani viventi, 1889
 A.M. Comanducci, Pittori Italiani dell'Ottocento, 1934
 A.M. Comanducci, Dizionario Ilustrato dei pittori e incisori italiani moderni, II ediz. Milano, 1945
 A.M. Comanducci, Dizionario Ilustrato dei pittori e incisori italiani moderni, III ediz. Milano, 1962
 Andrea Bombelli, I pittori cremaschi, 1857
 A.M. Comanducci, Ed. 1962
 Carlo Mussi, Eugenio Giuseppe Conti, Leva Artigrafiche, Crema 1987
 E.G.Conti, Dalla campagna garibaldina alla presa di Porta Pia (1866-1870)

Other websites
  Ti racconto il Museo - Il battello gira la punta, Museo Civico di Crema e del Cremasco

1842 births
1909 deaths
People from Crema, Lombardy
19th-century Italian painters
20th-century Italian painters
Accademia Carrara di Bergamo alumni

Eugenio Conti


Emeric Pressburger (born Imre József Pressburger; 5 December 19025 February 1988) was a Hungarian-British screenwriter, film director, and producer. He is best known for his series of film collaborations with Michael Powell, in a collaboration partnership known as the Archers, and produced a series of films, including 49th Parallel (1941), The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp (1943), A Matter of Life and Death (US: Stairway to Heaven, 1946), Black Narcissus (1947), The Red Shoes (1948), and The Tales of Hoffmann (1951).

Early years
Imre József Pressburger was born in Miskolc, in the Kingdom of Hungary, of Jewish heritage. He was the only son (he had one elder half-sister from his father's previous marriage) of Kálmán Pressburger, estate manager, and his second wife, Kätherina (née Wichs). He attended a boarding-school in Temesvár, where he was a good pupil, excelling at mathematics, literature and music. He then studied mathematics and engineering at the Universities of Prague and Stuttgart before his father's death forced him to abandon his studies.

Film career

Berlin and Paris
Pressburger began a career as a journalist. After working in Hungary and Weimar Republic-era Germany he turned to screenwriting in the late 1920s, working for UFA in Berlin (having moved there in 1926). The rise of the Nazis forced him to flee to Paris, where he again worked as screenwriter, and then to London. He later said, "[the] worst things that happened to me were the political consequences of events beyond my control ... the best things were exactly the same."

Pressburger's early films were mainly made in Germany and France where he worked at the UFA Studios in the Dramaturgie department (script selection, approval and editing) and as a scriptwriter in his own right. In the 1930s, many European films were produced in multiple-language versions. Some of the films made in Germany survive with French intertitles and vice versa.

In 1933, after the Nazis came to power, UFA's head sacked the company's remaining Jewish employees with Pressburger being told his contract would not be renewed. He left his Berlin apartment, "leaving the key in the door so that the Stormtroopers wouldn't have to break the door down" and left for Paris. Late in 1935, Pressburger decided that he would do better in England.

Emigrated to the UK
Pressburger arrived in Britain in 1935 as a stateless person; once he decided to settle, he changed his name to Emeric in 1938. In England he found a small community of Hungarian film-makers who had fled the Nazis, including Alexander Korda, owner of London Films, who employed him as a screenwriter. Asked by Korda to improve the script for The Spy in Black (1939), he met the film's director, Michael Powell. Their partnership would produce some of the finest British films of the next decade. However, Pressburger still did some projects on his own.

Pressburger was much more than simply "Michael Powell's screenwriter" as some have categorised him. The films they made together in this period were mainly original stories by Pressburger, who also did most of the work of a producer for the team. Pressburger was also more involved in the editing process than Powell, and, as a musician, Pressburger was also involved in the choice of music for their films.

Later work
Powell and Pressburger began to go their separate ways after the mid-1950s. They remained close friends but wanted to explore different things, having done about as much as they could together. Two of his later films were made under the pseudonym "Richard Imrie".

Two novels by Pressburger were published. The first Killing a Mouse on a Sunday (1961), is set in the period immediately following the Spanish Civil War. It received favourable reviews and was soon translated into a dozen languages. The Glass Pearls (1966), reissued in 2015 and again in 2022 by Faber, gained an especially negative assessment from The Times Literary Supplement, its only contemporary review.

Subsequently it has been highly praised. Lucy Scholes in The Paris Review in 2019 called it "a truly remarkable work. It deserves to be recognized both for its own virtuosity, and as an important addition to the genre of Holocaust literature."

Personal life
On 24 June 1938, Pressburger married Ági Donáth, the daughter of Andor Donáth, a general merchant, but they divorced in 1941. The union was childless. He remarried, on 29 March 1947, to Wendy Orme, and they had a daughter, Angela, and another child who died as a baby in 1948; but this marriage also ended in divorce in Reno, Nevada in 1953 and in Britain in 1971. His daughter Angela's two sons both became successful film-makers: Andrew Macdonald as a producer on films such as Trainspotting (1996), and Kevin Macdonald as an Oscar-winning director.  Kevin has written a biography of his grandfather, and a documentary about his life, The Making of an Englishman (1995).

Pressburger became a British citizen in 1946. He was made a Fellow of BAFTA in 1981, and a Fellow of the BFI in 1983.

Pressburger was a diffident and private person who, at times, particularly later on in his life, could be hypersensitive and prone to bouts of melancholia. He loved French cuisine, enjoyed music, and possessed a great sense of humour. In appearance he was short, wore glasses, and had a sagacious, bird-like facial expression. He was a keen supporter of Arsenal F.C., a passion he developed soon after arriving in Britain. From 1970 he lived in Aspall, Suffolk and he died in a nursing home in nearby Saxtead on 5 February 1988, due to the complications of old age and pneumonia. He is interred in the cemetery of St. Mary of Grace Church, Aspall. His is the only grave in that Church of England graveyard with a Star of David.

Filmography

UFA period
 1930: Die Große Sehnsucht, Farewell
 1931: Ronny, Das Ekel, Dann schon lieber Lebertran, Emil und die Detektive, Der kleine Seitensprung
 1932: , ...und es leuchtet die Puszta, Sehnsucht 202, Petit écart, Lumpenkavaliere, Held wider Willen, Eine von uns, La belle aventure, Wer zahlt heute noch?, Das schöne Abenteuer, A vén gazember
Paris
 1933: Une femme au volant, Incognito
 1934: Mon coeur t'appelle, Mein Herz ruft nach dir, Milyon avcilari
 1935: Monsieur Sans-Gêne, Abdul the Damned
 1936: Sous les yeux d'occident
British period
 1936: Port Arthur, La Vie parisienne, Parisian Life, One Rainy Afternoon
 1937: The Great Barrier
 1938: The Challenge
 1939: The Silent Battle
 1940: Spy for a Day
 1941: Atlantic Ferry (aka Sons of the Sea)
 1942: Rings on Her Fingers, Breach of Promise
 1943: Squadron Leader X
 1946: Wanted for Murder
 1953: Twice Upon a Time – Pressburger's one solo attempt at directing
 1957: Men Against Britannia
 1957: Miracle in Soho
 1965: Operation Crossbow
 1966: They're a Weird Mob – based on the novel by John O'Grady
 1972: The Boy Who Turned Yellow (with Michael Powell)

Actor
The Red Shoes (1948) – Man Waiting on Station Platform (uncredited)

Awards, nominations and honours
 1943: Oscar winner for 49th Parallel as Best Writing, Original Story. (This Oscar is on display at the Savile Club in London).
 1943: Oscar nominated for 49th Parallel as Best Writing, Screenplay. Shared with Rodney Ackland
 1943: Oscar nominated for One of Our Aircraft Is Missing for Best Writing, Original Screenplay. Shared with Michael Powell
 1948: Won Danish Bodil Award for A Matter of Life and Death as Best European Film. Shared with Michael Powell
 1948:  Nominated for The Red Shoes for Venice Film Festival Golden Lion.  Shared with Michael Powell
 1949: Oscar nominated for The Red Shoes as Best Picture. Shared with Michael Powell
 1949: Oscar nominated for The Red Shoes as Best Writing, Motion Picture Story
 1951: Cannes Film Festival nominated for The Tales of Hoffmann for Grand Prize of the Festival.  Shared with Michael Powell
 1951: Won Silver Bear from 1st Berlin International Film Festival for The Tales of Hoffmann as Best Musical. Shared with Michael Powell
 1957: BAFTA Award nominated for The Battle of the River Plate as Best British Screenplay. Shared with Michael Powell
 1981: Made fellow of BAFTA
 1983: Made fellow of the British Film Institute (BFI)
 2014: An English Heritage Blue plaque to commemorate Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger was unveiled on 17 February 2014 by Martin Scorsese and Thelma Schoonmaker at Dorset House, Gloucester Place, London NW1 5AG where The Archers had their offices from 1942–47.

Novels
 Killing a Mouse on Sunday.  London: Collins, 1961. – made into the film Behold a Pale Horse (1964)
 The Glass Pearls. London: Heinemann, 1966.

References

Citations

Bibliography

 Christie, Ian. Arrows of Desire: The Films of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger.  London: Waterstone, 1994, First edition 1985. .
 Christie, Ian. Powell, Pressburger and Others.  London: British Film Institute, 1978. .
 Christie, Ian and Andrew Moor, eds. The Cinema of Michael Powell: International Perspectives on an English Filmmaker. London: BFI, 2005. .
  Darakhvelidze, Georgy. Landscapes of Dreams: The Cinema of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger (Part 1-7) (in Russian).  Vinnitsa, Ukraine: Globe Press, 2008–2019. .
 Esteve, Llorenç. Michael Powell y Emeric Pressburger (in Spanish).  Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Catedra, 2002. .
 Howard, James. Michael Powell. London: BT Batsford Ltd, 1996. .
 Lazar, David, ed. Michael Powell: Interviews. Jackson, Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi, 2003. .
 Macdonald, Kevin. Emeric Pressburger: The Life and Death of a Screenwriter. London: Faber & Faber, 1994.
 Moor, Andrew. Powell and Pressburger: A Cinema of Magic Spaces. London: I.B. Tauris, 2005. .
 Powell, Michael. A Life in Movies (Autobiography). London: Heinemann, 1986. , later edition, 1993.  (pbk).
 Powell, Michael. Million Dollar Movie (The second volume of his autobiography). London: Heinemann, 1992. , later edition, 2000.  (pbk).
 Thiéry, Natacha. Photogénie du désir: Michael Powell et Emeric Pressburger 1945–1950 (in French). Rennes, France: Presse Universitaires de Rennes, 2009. .

External links
 Emeric Pressburger at the Powell & Pressburger Pages

 Emeric Pressburger biography on BritMovie.co.uk

1902 births
1988 deaths
BAFTA fellows
Best Story Academy Award winners
British people of Hungarian-Jewish descent
British film directors
British film producers
British film production company founders
British Jews
British male screenwriters
Deaths from pneumonia in England
Hungarian film directors
Hungarian film producers
Hungarian Jews
20th-century Hungarian screenwriters
Hungarian male screenwriters
Hungarian emigrants to England
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
People from Miskolc
Hungarian emigrants to Germany
Jews who immigrated to the United Kingdom to escape Nazism
20th-century British screenwriters

Emeric Pressburger


Warrnambool is a city on the south-western coast of Victoria, Australia. About 32,000 people live in the city. It is at the western end of the Great Ocean Road. It is also on the Princes Highway which links Melbourne and Adelaide. Warrnambool is 265 kilometres and 3 hours from Melbourne by road or rail. The name Warrnambool is an Indigenous Australian word meaning "water between two rivers", "two swamps", or "plenty of water".

There are daily trains to Melbourne, via Geelong, and buses to Ballarat, Hamilton and Mount Gambier, South Australia.

The average maximum temperatures are 22 C in summer and 14 C in winter.

The Mahogany Ship
It is possible that the first European people to come to Warrnambool arrived in the 1500s. There is a wrecked ship in the sand dunes near Warrnambool which historians believe is an early Portuguese ship. It may have been part of an expedition in 1522, led by Christovao Mendonca. The wreck was first seen in 1836, but the last sighting was in 1880. It is now covered in sand, and its exact location is now unknown. It is just one of the 80 wrecked ships along the coast. There are 29 wrecks in Lady Bay at Warrnambool. The first recorded exploration of this part of the Victorian coast was by the French explorer Nicholas Baudin in 1802. During the 1830s whaler hunters lived on the coast during the whaling season.

Early settlement
Farmers began to settle along the coast during the 1840s. In 1846 the town was surveyed and laid out, and the first land sale was held in 1847.

References

Cities in Victoria

Warrnambool, Victoria


Lawrence Mukomberanwa (born 1976) is a Zimbabwean sculptor.

The son of Nicholas Mukomberanwa, Lawrence (sometimes spelled Laurence) worked with his father from his early childhood days. He continued sculpting whilst training to be a commercial pilot. He worked in the field for some years before turning to sculpture full-time.  His works have been featured in a number of European exhibitions.

Career
He started out his career as an airplane pilot but then quit to engage in the family craft.
Lawrence Mukomberanwa, the son to sculptor Nicholas, says he has no regrets after he recently quit his professional job as a pilot to follow in the footsteps of his dad. Laurence's subject matter deals with contrasts and opposites. He is concerned with the disparity of power between poverty and wealth.

Mukomberanwa is a member of the Mukomberanwa family of sculptors. He is the son of first generation Shona art sculptors Grace Mukomberanwa and Nicholas Mukomberanwa. Mukomberanwa is the brother of Anderson, Tendai, Taguma, Netsai, and Ennica Mukomberanwa, and the cousin of Nesbert Mukomberanwa, all of whom are sculptors.

Accolades and exhibits
Resident Artist, "Master Sculptors of Zimbabwe and their Works" -  Barcelona
Group exhibition "Encompass" at the Cape Gallery - 2005

External links
http://www.herald.co.zw/inside.aspx?sectid=508&cat=10
Biography, with examples of his work

References

1976 births
Living people
People from Mashonaland East Province
Commercial aviators
21st-century Zimbabwean sculptors
20th-century Zimbabwean sculptors

Lawrence Mukomberanwa


Luis Andrés Caicedo Estela (29 September 1951 – 4 March 1977) was a Colombian writer born in Cali, the city where he would spend most of his life. Despite his premature death, his works are considered to be some of the most original produced in Colombia. Caicedo led different cultural movements in the city like the literary group "Los Dialogantes" (Those who speak), the Cinema Club of Cali and the "Ojo al Cine" Magazine (Attention to the Cinema). In 1970 he won the First Literary Contest of Caracas with his work "Los dientes de caperucita" (The Teeth of Little Red Riding Hood) that opened the doors of national recognition for him. Some sources say that he used to say that to live more than 25 years was a shame and it is seen as the main reason of his suicide on March 4, 1977, when he was that age.

Caicedo's work has as its context the urban world and its social conflicts, especially those of young people. Contrary to the school of magic realism, the work of Caicedo is grounded completely in social reality. Therefore, some scholars give importance to his work as an alternative in Latin America to prominent figures such as Gabriel García Márquez, especially through the research of the Chilean journalist, writer and movie critic Alberto Fuguet who called Caicedo "The first enemy of Macondo". Despite his fame in Colombia, Caicedo is little known in Latin America, maybe for his early death. However his work is becoming known thanks to the influence of his works in new writer generations such as Rafael Chaparro, Efraim Medina Reyes, Manuel Giraldo, Octavio Escobar and Ricardo Abdahllah.

Biography

First years
Andrés Caicedo was the youngest surviving child and only surviving son of Carlos Alberto Caicedo and Nellie Estella. His brother Francisco José was born in 1958, but died three years later. By that time Andrés was studying in Colegio del Pilar, after he was in Colegio Pio XII, a "very bad Franciscan establishment" as he said years after. Because of his bad behavior in the school in Cali, he was transferred to the Colegio Calasanz in Medellín in 1964 and this was the year of his first story: "El Silencio" (The Silence). However, his academic and discipline was rather the same, a reason to be transferred again to Cali, this time to Colegio Berchmans, an institution that would influence his works. From Berchmans he was expelled to go to Colegio San Luis in 1966, again expelled and finally he could finish his high school in Colegio Camacho Perea in 1968.

Among pages, stages and cinema
Along with his passion for literature, Caicedo liked cinema and stage. In 1966, he wrote his first play, "Las curiosas conciencias" (Curious Minds) and his first story, "Infection". A year later he directed the play "The Bald Soprano" by Eugène Ionesco and he wrote "The End of the Vacations", "Welcoming the New Student", "The Sea", "The Imbeciles are also Witnesses" and "The Skin of the Other Hero". His last work would make him win the First Students' Theatre Festival of the Theatre Department of University of Valle. He abandoned the university in 1971 to join the Cali Theatre Company (Teatro Experimental de Cali) as an actor, and there he met the famous Colombian director Enrique Buenaventura.

In 1969 he also started to write cinema reviews for newspapers, for example in the Cali newspaper El País, in Occidente and El Pueblo. He got another award with his story "Berenice" in the Story Contest of the University of Valle, while his story "The Teeth of Little Red Riding Hood" won the second place of the Latin American Story Contest organized by the Caracas Image Magazine. He adapted and directed the work of Eugène Ionesco: "The Chairs". He wrote the story "For this reason I am back to my city", "Empty", "The Messengers", "Besacalles", "From Up to Down, From Left to Right", "The Spectator", "Happy Friendships" and "Lulita, that you do not want to open the door?".

The Cinema Club of Cali

His love for cinema was the motive for opening the Cinema Club of Cali with his friends Ramiro Arbeláez, Hernando Guerrero and Luis Ospina :es:Luis Ospina in 1969. It started its meetings in the headquarters of the Company of Theatre of Cali (Teatro Experimental de Cali), but later moved to the Alameda Cinema and finally to the San Fernando Cinema. The Cinema Club attracted many students, intellectuals and critics who used to watch the movies and meet afterwards to discuss and analyze the films with Caicedo.

In 1970 he adapted and directed The Night of the Assassins of José Triana and in that same year he wrote a new story, "Antígona". In 1971 he wrote stories like "Patricialinda", "Cannibalism", "Fatal Little Destinies", "Angelita and Miguel Ángel" and "El atravesado". He wrote also some essays: "The Heroes of the Beginning", an essay about the work of Mario Vargas Llosa, "The Time of the Hero" and "The Sea", an essay on the work of Harold Pinter.

His friend Carlos Mayolo tried unsuccessfully to bring to cinema his screenplay "Angelita and Miguel Angel" in 1972. In that year he wrote the screenplay "A Good Man is Very Difficult to Find" and the stories "The Suitor" and "The Time of the Swamp", which was awarded by the National Contents of Story of the Universidad Externado de Colombia.

Looking for Hollywood

In 1973 Caicedo went to Los Angeles and New York. He knew sufficient English and had dreamed of meeting the legendary Roger Corman in order to sell to him four of his play scripts that his sister had translated into English. He had come thinking that Hollywood would welcome him with open hands. However, the venture was unsuccessful and Corman never got ahold of his books. About Hollywood he said:

As nobody in Hollywood paid attention to the "writer with the face of a rockstar" in the 1960s, Caicedo dedicated himself to watching movies, studying blues and rock, especially the Rolling Stones and writing a new story, ¡Que viva la música!, a work that was to become the most internationally recognized title of Caicedo so far. He also began work on "Memories of a Cinema Lover", a diary he intended to make into a novel. However, he could have an interview with Sergio Leone and returned to Colombia.

Last years

Caicedo considered that his best work was "Maternity", a story written in 1974. In that year, he also published "Ojo al cine" (Attention to the Cinema), which would become one of the most important magazines on the topic in Colombia. He returned to the U.S., but this time to participate in the International Exposition of Cinema and a year later the publishing house "Pirata de Calidad" published his story "El Atravesado" thanks to the economic support of his mother, and his national recognition.

Suicide

Caicedo had mentioned that to live past the age of 25 was madness and he died by suicide at age 25 on March 4, 1977. On the afternoon he died, he received a volume of his recently published book "Que viva la música!. He took 60 pills of secobarbital. Analyzing his death, Alberto Fuguet says:

Influence

The first Colombian author to evince Caicedo's influence may be Manuel Giraldo Magil from the city of Ibagué, in his work "Concerts of Bewilderment" ("Conciertos del desconcierto"). In the 1990s the work of Rafael Chaparro Madiedo, "Opio en las nubes" (Opium in the Clouds), was viewed as a Caicedian piece of work. Other authors like Octavio Escobar Giraldo, Efraím Medina, and Ricardo Abdahllah are related to what is becoming a real literary school. The Theatre Company of the city of Medellín, Matacandelas, has played "Angelitos empantanados" for over a decade.

Works

Most of Caicedo's works were published after his death, thanks to the commitment of some of his friends. The works include in stories, playwrights for stage and cinema, and essays. Some of his personal letters to his mother, sisters and friends, were also published. The importance of the letters is that they show the turbulence of his soul.

 El cuento de mi vida (2007). Bogotá: Norma.
 Noche sin fortuna / Antígona (2002). Bogotá: Norma.
 Ojo al cine (1999). Bogotá: Norma.
 Angelitos empantanados o historias para jovencitos / A propósito de Andrés Caicedo y su obra (1995). Bogotá: Norma.
 Recibiendo al nuevo alumno (1995). Cali: Editorial de la Facultad de Humanidades. Universidad del Valle.
 Destinitos fatales (1984). Bogotá: Oveja Negra.
 Berenice / El atravesado / Maternidad / El Tiempo de la ciénaga (1978). Cali: Editorial Andes.

Novels

 ¡Que viva la música! (1977)
 Noche sin fortuna (unfinished) (1976)
 La estatua del soldadito de plomo (unfinished) (1967)

Stories

 Pronto (1976)
 En las garras del crimen (1975)
 Maternidad (1974)
 El pretendiente (1972)
 El tiempo de la ciénaga (1972)
 El atravesado (1971)
 Destinitos fatales (1971)
 Calibanismo (1971)
 Patricialinda (1971)
 Antígona (1970)
 Berenice (1969)
 Lulita, ¿qué no quiere abrir la puerta? (1969)
 Felices amistades (1969)
 El espectador (1969)
 De arriba a abajo de izquierda a derecha (1969)
 Besacalles (1969)
 Vacíos (1969)
 Por eso yo regreso a mi ciudad (1969)
 Infección (1966)
 Los mensajeros (1969)
 Los dientes de Caperucita (1969)
 Infección (1966)
 El silencio (1964)

Writings for cinema and stage

 Un hombre bueno es difícil de encontrar (1972)
 El fin de las vacaciones (1967)
 Recibiendo al nuevo alumno (1967)
 El mar (1967)
 Los imbéciles también son testigos (1967)
 La piel del otro héroe (1967)
 Las curiosas conciencias (1966)

References

External links

 "Sobre Andrés Caicedo" site. A complete virtual storage about Caicedo's works.
 andres_caicedo.page Andrés Caicedo (Archived 2009-10-25): A detailed site about Caicedo's life and works
 : Segment of a documentary on Andrés Caicedo with interviews to some of his friends and relatives, uploaded in 2006, link retrieved on June 15, 2008.
 Andrés Caicedo A page about Caicedo's life and works

Colombian male novelists
Colombian male short story writers
Colombian short story writers
Colombian dramatists and playwrights
1951 births
1977 suicides
Drug-related suicides in Colombia
Barbiturates-related deaths
University of Valle people
20th-century Colombian novelists
20th-century dramatists and playwrights
Male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century short story writers
20th-century male writers
1977 deaths

Andrés Caicedo


Hylaeus alcyoneus, commonly known as the banksia bee, is a bee species endemic to Australia where it is commonly found in the coastal heaths of eastern and southern Western Australia. This bee is an important pollinator of Banksia species.

The banksia bee was originally described by German entomologist Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson in 1842; its specific epithet is derived from the Ancient Greek halcyon "kingfisher" relating to its kingfisher blue colour.

The banksia bee has a metallic blue abdomen and yellow face markings. The sexual dimorphism of this species is notable amongst bees — the males of the species are significantly larger than the females; in most other types of bee, females are larger than males. Males of different sizes have been shown to display different feeding behaviour. Large males perch and defend Banksia inflorescences that are in high positions on the shrub where they feed; small males feed closer to the ground and patrol circuits including several inflorescences. Displacement of large males from the perches is almost always by an even larger male.

Western Australian banksias which the bee has been recorded visiting include Banksia ashbyi, B. coccinea, B. hookeriana, B. ilicifolia, B. menziesii, B. prionotes, B. sessilis, and B. speciosa. Other species include Allocasuarina campestris, Grevillea cagiana, G. eriostachya, Isopogon dubius, and Xanthorrhoea species.

The Banksia bee faces competition from the introduced European honey bee (Apis mellifera''). In sites where the species coexist, the Banksia bee has significantly fewer nests that it has on sites where there is no competition. A banksia bee nest consists of several cavities or cells within hollowed pieces of wood. A parent bee places provisions of pollen and nectar in each cell, along with a single egg.

References

Colletidae
Hymenoptera of Australia
Endemic fauna of Australia
Insects described in 1842
Taxa named by Wilhelm Ferdinand Erichson

Hylaeus alcyoneus


Jeffrey Thomas (born 1945) is a Welsh-born New Zealand actor and writer, best known for his film, television and stage roles.

Early life
Thomas was born in Llanelli, Wales,  to a fluent Welsh-speaking family. His grandmother's interest in drama awakened an early interest in acting. After leaving school he trained as a quantity surveyor, but grew bored with office work. He attended Liverpool University, completing a BA in English Literature and in Celtic Studies and English Literature. While at university he began writing and acting in university revues. He continued his studies at Oxford University, gaining a Master of Letters (M.Litt) degree.

While at Oxford, Thomas met and married a New Zealander, and after completing his studies they moved initially to Australia (where he lectured at La Trobe University) and then, in 1976, to Wellington. Here he taught romantic and Victorian poetry at Victoria University, before becoming a fulltime actor and writer the following year.

Acting career
Thomas's first stage work was in university revues while at Oxford. He took up acting again after moving to New Zealand, where he appeared in various productions at Unity Theatre, Downstage, and Circa Theatres, before gaining a television role in early New Zealand soap opera Close to Home, in which he played Gerry, an ex-patriate London barman for 18 months.

Thomas rose to prominence in New Zealand in the late 1980s with the lead role of Inspector "Sharky" Finn in the TVNZ police drama series Shark in the Park, and is also well known for his roles in two long-running New Zealand soap operas, Mercy Peak and Shortland Street, and his distinctive voice can be heard narrating a large number of documentaries. His central role of Dr William Kingsley in Mercy Peak led to him winning the Best Actor award at the 2003 New Zealand Film and Television Awards.

Internationally, Thomas is known for his starring roles of Jason in Hercules: The Legendary Journeys and narrator in Costa Botes's and Peter Jackson's mockumentary Forgotten Silver.

Thomas also starred as Titus Lentulus Batiatus on the Starz series Spartacus: Gods of the Arena. Thomas reunited with Peter Jackson in The Hobbit, in which he played the Dwarf King Thrór. In 2015 Thomas starred in The Dead Room as Scott Cameron, a sceptical scientist investigating paranormal activity in a New Zealand farmhouse.

Plays that Thomas has appeared in include The Balcony by Jean Genet for Downstage Theatre (1977) and Mauritius by Theresa Rebeck at Circa Theatre (2010).

Writing
Thomas has written several plays, both in English and in Welsh. His first success came with Playing the Game, which premiered at Circa Theatre and was eventually throughout Wales and in London's West End. Thomas was the co-winner of the 1981 Play for Wales competition, run by the Welsh Academy, with Men of Steel.

References

External links

Alumni of the University of Oxford
Living people
20th-century New Zealand male actors
20th-century Welsh male actors
21st-century Welsh male actors
21st-century New Zealand male actors
New Zealand male television actors
New Zealand male soap opera actors
Welsh emigrants to New Zealand
Welsh male television actors
Alumni of the University of Liverpool
1945 births
People from Llanelli

Jeffrey Thomas (actor)


The Hawaii Marriage Equality Act of 2013 is legislation passed by the Hawaii State Legislature as Senate Bill 1 (SB1) and signed by Governor Neil Abercrombie which legalized same-sex marriage in the U.S. state of Hawaii.  Prior to the bill's enactment, same-sex couples in the state of Hawaii were allowed to form civil unions (since 2012) or reciprocal beneficiary relationships (RBRs, since 1997); however, civil unions are both legally limited to civil officials in their performance and unrecognized by the federal government, and RBRs are even more limited by the rights and privileges accorded.

History

Before the special session
In January 2013, a bill was introduced in the Hawaii House of Representatives and Senate that would legalize same-sex marriage. Despite the support of Governor Abercrombie and the Hawaii Congressional delegation, the Legislature adjourned without voting on the legislation.

In July 2013, following the U.S. Supreme Court rulings in United States v. Windsor and Hollingsworth v. Perry, lawmakers considered a special session to vote on the legislation, but House and Senate leaders said they did not have the required two-thirds majority to call a special session. The Legislature's regular session resumes in January 2014, unless Governor Abercrombie calls a special session, which he says is "very likely". On August 19, a group of religious leaders in Hawaii signed a resolution calling on the state to enact a same-sex marriage law. On the same day, Governor Abercrombie told a gathering of state Democrats: "I think we can put together something that can achieve a solid majority, that will give us the opportunity to establish marriage equity in the state of Hawaii commensurate with the recent Supreme Court decisions, and will satisfy and resolve the issues that are presently before the appeals court on the mainland." On August 22, Hawaii State House Speaker Joseph Souki acknowledged that a majority of House lawmakers supported same-sex marriage, indicating that both houses of the legislature have majorities that would support same-sex marriage legislation in a special session. On the same day, State Representative Denny Coffman, a supporter of same-sex marriage, announced his support of a special session, which he had previously opposed when unaware that the governor's office and the State Attorney General's office were working on draft legislation. On August 29, Governor Abercrombie released a draft bill and said he would let lawmakers review it before deciding whether to call a special session. On the same day, The State Central Committee of the Democratic Party of Hawaii unanimously approved a resolution calling on state lawmakers to approve a same-sex marriage bill immediately.

The Roman Catholic Bishop of Honolulu, Larry Silva, sent a letter to legislators on August 22 asking them to support traditional marriage and protect religious freedom by opposing same-sex marriage legislation. He then wrote a letter to parishioners published August 24-5 that said that a special session "could happen any day" and asked for prayers "for a change of heart and the formation of an informed conscience" and for courteous lobbying efforts. He described prohibiting same-sex marriage as a "just" form of discrimination, warned that legalization of polygamy and incest would follow, and described children raised by same-sex parents as "the greatest casualties" of legalization. He asked: "Would churches that refuse to celebrate same-sex marriage because of deeply held religious convictions be deprived of the freedom to live those convictions?" and "Would Christians, Muslims, and others who believe that homosexual acts are contrary to God's law be persecuted for holding on to those beliefs?"

Legislature special session
On September 9, Governor Abercrombie announced that he is calling the Hawaii State Legislature into special session on October 28 to consider the same-sex marriage bill. The bill had wide support in the Senate as well as the required majority in the House. If approved, the bill would take effect November 18.

On October 28, the Senate Committee on Judiciary and Labor debated and passed same-sex marriage legislation in a 5-2 vote, sending the bill to a full Senate vote. On October 30, the Senate approved the legislation in a 20-4 vote, sending the bill to the House. The bill was then debated by the joint House Committees on Judiciary and on Finance for several days beginning October 31, as 5,184 people signed up to testify. By the end of November 4, all initial testifiers had been heard. During the hearings, opponents of the bill were suspected of having people sign up to testify multiple times under different names to prolong the hearing process. On November 5, both House committees passed same-sex marriage legislation (Judiciary committee 8 to 5 and Finance committee 10 to 7), sending the bill to a full House vote.

Following extensive public debate and an attempted 'citizens' filibuster' of the legislation to block its progress, the full state House advanced the same-sex marriage bill to a final vote 30-18, a key hurdle for the measure that would allow same-sex couples to marry while also expanding a religious exemption amendment beyond what the Senate had approved.  On November 8, House then passed the bill on its third (and final) reading 30-19.  As the House amended the bill, the Senate would also have to approve the expanded religious exemption amendment for the bill to become law. The Senate voted 19-4 in favor of the amended bill on November 12, and the final version of the bill was signed into law by Governor Abercrombie on November 13. The law went into full effect on December 2, 2013.

Public reaction
Hundreds of people appeared at the State Capitol demonstrating in support and in opposition to the bill from the day of a key House vote on November 6 through the final Senate vote on November 12.  To maintain security, the House and Senate Sergeants-at-Arms divided space in the Capitol rotunda and on the sidewalk fronting Beretania Street between supporters and opponents, and set up barricades to physically separate the two groups.

Lawsuit
A lawsuit was filed during the special legislative session by State Representative Bob McDermott, a Republican member of the House who was opposed to same-sex marriage.  The lawsuit sought a temporary injunction against implementing SB1, and challenged the constitutionality of the bill. Rep. McDermott and other plaintiffs based the lawsuit on the claim that voters believed that Hawaii Constitutional Amendment 2 of 1998 only allowed the Legislature to ban same-sex marriage and simultaneously barred the reverse. Circuit Court Judge Karl Sakamoto denied the request for the injunction on November 14, ruling that "the court will conclude that same-sex marriage in Hawaii is legal".  The state filed a motion to dismiss the lawsuit in December 2013, which was granted on January 29, 2014.  The Hawaii Supreme Court ruled on May 27, 2015 that Rep. McDermott and other plaintiffs did not show any injury from the enactment of the Hawaii Marriage Equality Act, meaning they did not have standing to challenge the law, and dismissed their case.

See also
Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States
Other states that have legalized same-sex marriage by statute:
Delaware
Illinois
Minnesota
New Hampshire
New York (statute)
Rhode Island
Vermont (statute)

References

External links
 Senate Bill 1 archived status page (2nd Special Session of 2013), Hawaii State Legislature
 Marriage license information, Hawaii Department of Health
 FAQ page about the Hawaii Marriage Equality Act of 2013, Office of the Governor of the State of Hawaii

Same-sex marriage legislation in the United States
LGBT rights in Hawaii
Hawaii statutes
2013 in Hawaii
2013 in LGBT history

Hawaii Marriage Equality Act


The giant salamanders are a family of large aquatic amphibia, the Cryptobranchidae.

They are the largest living amphibians. The Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus), reaches up to , feeds on fish and crustaceans, and has been known to live for more than 50 years in captivity. The Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) can reach a length of .

They live in brooks and ponds in the eastern United States (the hellbender), and in China and Japan.

Anatomy
Cryptobranchids are large, fat salamanders, with folds of skin along their flanks. These help increase the animal's surface area, allowing them to absorb more oxygen from the water.

Their metamorphosis from the larval stage is incomplete, so that the adults retain gill slits (although they also have lungs), and lack eyelids.

Chinese giant salamanders have lived as long as 75 years in captivity. It eats aquatic insects, fish, frogs and also crabs and shrimps.

Hunting habits
They hunt mainly at night, and as they have poor eyesight, use sensory nodes on their head and body to detect tiny changes in water pressure, allowing them to find their prey.

Reproduction
During mating season, these salamanders will travel upstream. After the fertilization of the eggs, the male will guard them for at least six months. At this point, the offspring will live off their noticeable stored fat until they are ready to hunt. Once ready they will hunt as a group rather than individually.

Scientists at Asa Zoo in Japan have recently discovered that the male salamander will spawn with more than one female in his den. Sometimes the male "den master" will also allow a second male into the den, but the reason for this is unclear.

Scientific names

 Genus Cryptobranchus (hellbenders)
 Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis )
 Genus Andrias (giant salamanders)
 Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus)
 Japanese giant salamander (Andrias japonicus)
Genus Aviturus (Aviturus exsecratus)
Genus Zaissanurus (Zaissanurus beliajevae)

References

Other websites
Eastern Hellbender Fact Sheet
 Japanese Giant Salamander
 Cryptobranchid Interest Group

Salamanders

Giant salamander


Cryptophasa blosyra is a moth in the family Xyloryctidae. It was described by Alfred Jefferis Turner in 1917. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Queensland.

The wingspan is 43–44 mm. The forewings are grey-whitish with a few fuscous and blackish scales. These form a dark streak along the fold not reaching the tornus, and a median streak from one-fifth to four-fifths. There is an ochreous grey annular mark at three-fifths interrupting the median streak. There is an ochreous grey submarginal line feebly barred with blackish. The hindwings are pale fuscous, whitish on the costa.

References

Cryptophasa
Moths described in 1917

Cryptophasa blosyra


The Bulletin of the Australian Carnivorous Plant Society was a quarterly periodical and the official publication of the Australian Carnivorous Plant Society. Established in April 1982 as Bulletin / South Australian Carnivorous Plant Society, it continued publication until 2003. In a special general meeting of society members, in September 2004, it was decided the bulletin would cease publication. Typical articles included matters of horticultural interest, field reports, literature reviews, and scientific studies. The headquarters was in Adelaide.

Taxon names
The bulletin published a number of taxonomic changes by botanist Allen Lowrie, including the transfer of Utricularia westonii to the genus Polypompholyx and the reduction of Drosera praefolia to a subspecies of Drosera whittakeri. The bulletin also originated the names Drosera henryana (a nomen nudum for the hybrid D. capensis × D. aliciae) and Sarracenia leucophylla var. pubescens (also a nomen nudum).

The bulletin originated the cultivar name Nepenthes 'Fulgent Koto' and provided descriptions for the cultivars Nepenthes 'Aichi', Nepenthes 'Nagoya', Nepenthes 'Suzue Kondo', and Nepenthes 'Tokuyoshi Kondo'.

References

External links

1982 establishments in Australia
2003 disestablishments in Australia
Quarterly magazines published in Australia
Carnivorous plant magazines
Defunct magazines published in Australia
Magazines established in 1982
Magazines disestablished in 2003
Mass media in Adelaide


Travis Shallow (born Travis Leigh Shallow; July 31, 1984) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and recording artist.

He is best known for his steady solo career, with the single "Hard Time With The Truth" released on Pearly Girl Records March 31, 2023. "Hard Time With The Truth" follows the release of "Let It Pass" that was released on Cavity Search Records.

Shallow said "I wrote Let It Pass last year and recorded it in late January (2020) right before the quarantine and COVID thing got into full swing here in the states. I was watching a friend of mine going through a divorce and it was hard on her, and I could see her trying to hold onto to something that was already long gone, and she was holding onto more of the idea of how it used to be instead of how it actually was. It's like holding onto an electric fence waiting for it to stop hurting you, when all you have to do is let go. I've had to keep learning this lesson over and over, so I'm singing it to myself just as much as documenting her story too."

Shallow debuted "Let It Pass" on his livestream series "Live from Shallow Chateau" that he created during quarantine in response to all live shows being cancelled due to the pandemic. He has live-streamed over 125 episodes during quarantine since March 2020. The "Live from Shallow Chateau" livestream series was also broadcast on JamBase as one of their weekly Featured Livestreams.

Shallow also live-streamed on Breedlove Guitars social media during November 2020 as Shallow followed Jeff Bridges as their Featured Artist of the month. Shallow initially became an endorsed artist with Breedlove Guitars in January 2019.

Shallow was also a former member of alternative country band A Few Good Liars, with whom he recorded one studio album in 2011 titled, Battered Wooden Body. "That album showcases the harmony vocal power of the group and Shallow sings songs that can be tender and those that traffic in darkness. In all he does so with restraint, whether on country tinged acoustic ballads (the excellent "Amen") or aching confession-drenched numbers"  "Battered Wooden Body" was recorded in Oxford, Mississippi at Tweed Recording Studio and was engineered by Andrew Ratcliffe whose discography includes (Will Hoge, The Damnwells, American Aquarium)

In 2012, Shallow left A Few Good Liars and started writing and recording songs that would later be released as his first solo self-titled album, Travis Shallow, to regional critical acclaim in the southeastern United States.

Shallow went back to Tweed Recording Studio with Andrew Ratcliffe engineering to record his solo debut album. This solo album was acoustically driven with an accompanying band to highlight the songwriting and lyrical prowess. "Shallow is a singer whose vocal personality is ultimately a category unto itself, like a Willie Nelson, an Otis Redding. He could sing anything and make it sound great, make it well worth listening to. His self-titled album has seven songs like that." Shallow's solo album has a maturity to it that catapulted Shallow into bigger rooms and a wider audience.

After the release of his self-titled album in March 2016, Shallow took the show to the people performing intimate shows, stripped down with him and an acoustic guitar. Shallow also landed himself some national opening spots after releasing his debut solo album with legend Gregg Allman from The Allman Brothers, Tedeschi Trucks Band, Lukas Nelson & Promise of the Real (son of legend Willie Nelson), The Marcus King Band, Jerry Joseph, Todd Snider, and fellow native North Carolina band, American Aquarium.

Shallow continued writing and began fronting a new line-up, Travis Shallow & The Deep End, with a studio album titled, The Great Divide, released on October 31, 2017. This 8-song album is a mix of Americana, soul, and rock and roll, recorded analog to two-inch tape at Overdub Lane in Durham, North Carolina with Jason Merritt engineering.

The Great Divide was featured in Relix Magazine upon release. "Emerging from NC- Travis Shallow & The Deep End dive into The Great Divide with their eyes wide open. Their debut release seamlessly weaves genres, adding a touch of surprise, yet staying hauntingly familiar. Shallow is a musician's musician, and his new release, The Great Divide, is your window in."

Shallow has been compared vocally to Kris Kristofferson on a couple of choice ballad tracks from The Great Divide. "THE GREAT DIVIDE: A whole host of memories of my time in the south-land (mostly in Huntsville, Alabama & lower Tennessee) are stirred up by Travis's superbly crafted songs and guitar work… he has a voice that (somehow) reminds me of another of my Americana heroes, Kris Kristofferson… as you listen to his extraordinary lyrics & vocal work on the soul-filled "River That Sings", you'll realize why I say that…"

Members
Travis Shallow & The Deep End

 Travis Shallow - vocals, guitar
 Bob Russell - guitar
 Jason Moore - bass
 Brian Mason - drums

Songs in TV/Film
 9-1-1 (TV series) Season 6 Ep. #12 (2023) "I Can See Clearly Now"
 The Last Mark (2022) "Blood Brothers"
 The Hermit (2013) "Shadows"

Discography
 Hard Time With The Truth (2023, Pearly Girl Records)
 Let It Pass (2020, Cavity Search Records)
 The Great Divide (2017, Pearly Girl Records)
 Travis Shallow (2016, Pearly Girl Records)
 Battered Wooden Body (2011)

References

External links
Travis Shallow Official Website
Travis Shallow YouTube Channel
Travis Shallow iTunes link

1984 births
Living people
People from Wilmington, North Carolina
American alternative country singers
American rock singers
American country singer-songwriters
21st-century American singer-songwriters
Country musicians from North Carolina
Singer-songwriters from North Carolina

Travis Shallow


Pound Ridge is a town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 5,104 at the 2010 census. The town is located toward the eastern end of the county, bordered to the north and east by the town of Lewisboro, by Stamford, Connecticut, and New Canaan, Connecticut, to the south, Bedford, New York, and North Castle to the west.

History

Native Americans
In the early 17th century, Pound Ridge was inhabited by Native Americans who spoke the Munsee language and were members of the Wappinger Confederacy. The geographical boundaries of the tribes within the Confederacy are unclear. Pound Ridge has been variously listed as within the territory of the Kitchawong, Siwanoy, and Tankiteke bands.

The Siwanoy are generally agreed to have lived along the north Long Island Sound Coast with a maximum range extending from Hell Gate to the Five Mile River separating today's Darien, Connecticut, from Rowayton to its east. The Tankiteke appear to have occupied easternmost Westchester County above the coast but extending further west in the northern part of the county and into southern and eastern Putnam County, and eastward in Fairfield County to the Saugatuck River in Westport. The territory of the Kitchawong is thought to have extended from the Croton River to Anthony's Nose along the Hudson and some distance east from the river.

The Wappinger Confederacy participated in Kieft's War which began in 1640 as a result of escalating tensions over land use, livestock control, trade and taxation between the Dutch West India Company colony of New Netherland and neighboring native peoples. In March 1644, a Wappinger Confederacy village in present-day Pound Ridge was attacked by a mixed force of 130 New Netherland soldiers under the command of John Underhill. This event is now known as the Pound Ridge Massacre. The soldiers surrounded and burnt the village in a night attack killing between 500 and 700 Indians. The dead included 25 members of the Wappinger tribe, with the remainder being either Tankiteke or Siwanoy or both. The New Netherland force lost one man killed and 15 wounded. More casualties were suffered in this attack than in any other single incident in the war. Shortly after the battle, four Wappinger Confederacy sachems arrived in the New England settlement of Stamford to sue for peace.

The territory of modern Pound Ridge was first permanently settled by Europeans in 1718 in the present-day Long Ridge Road area. Long Ridge Road was originally an Indian path and had been used by the first settlers of Bedford, New York, as they traveled to that destination from Stamford. Although the very first settlers were from Huntington on Long Island, most of the original settlers of Pound Ridge were from Stamford. A large portion of Pound Ridge was included in the town of North Castle when it was incorporated in 1721.

Grants and patroons
Three thousand acres in the northern part of present-day Pound Ridge were included within the more than  Cortlandt Manor grant which extended from the Hudson River in the west  east to the Connecticut border. A member of the historically prominent Lockwood family first purchased land in Pound Ridge in 1737 and several members of the family settled in the town within the next six years. The Scofield family first settled in the area in 1745 and the first Fancher settled in the area in 1758. Roads in the modern town bear the name of each of these families. The first record of the term "Old Pound Ridge" to refer to the present-day town's territory is found in the North Castle records from 1737. "Old Pound Ridge" begins to appear in Stamford records in 1750. The name "Old Pound Ridge" is thought to have originated from the presence of an Indian game pound on a hill within the territory when the settlers first arrived.

During the 1700s, the Boutonville area of Pound Ridge found itself at the center of a 50-year land dispute concerning overlapping grants of the Van Cortlandt Manor grant to Stephanus Van Cortlandt and to the Stamford patentees. After a lengthy legal battle, clear title to the  was finally given to Van Cortlandt heirs in 1788. Most of this land is now part of the Ward Pound Ridge Reservation. Sometime after that, Pierre Van Cortlandt built a home there. In 1815, Samuel Piatt (Peatt) (1773–1850) purchased  and an existing house from Gen. Philip Van Cortlandt. This home, since demolished, was on what now is Honey Hollow Road. The farmland in the Pound Ridge and Lewisboro sections (Ward Pound Ridge Reservation) were part of the Van Cortlandt Manor lands that were divided into "great lots" of about  each. These lots were further divided into  farms.

American Revolutionary War
Pound Ridge was the site of a battle during the American Revolutionary War. On July 2, 1779, a force of 300 American rebels was attacked by 200 British soldiers under the command of Banastre Tarleton. The raid was the first independent command for the 24-year-old Tarelton. The attack was planned as one of a series of raids on rebel forces in the region, the purpose of which were to draw Washington's army away from the Hudson River.

The rebels had been warned of an impending raid on the night of June 30 by the rebel spy Luther Kinnicutt. However, the spy was not able to discover the date of the attack. The American force consisted of 100 continental foot soldiers of the 6th Connecticut Regiment under Major Eli Leavenworth, 90 of Colonel Sheldon's 2nd Regiment of Light Horse, and about 100 militia under Major Lockwood. The light horse detachment had been under the temporary command of Major Benjamin Tallmadge until the day before the attack when Colonel Sheldon arrived. Benjamin Tallmadge had organized the Culper Spy Ring which operated in British-occupied New York. The British force consisted of 200 mounted light dragoons and infantry and included some Hessian Jagers.

Tarleton left his base on the Bronx River near Yonkers on the night of July 1 in a heavy rain storm and rode until he reached North Castle early on July 2. He then decided to attack Pound Ridge by an indirect northern route. In this way he managed to avoid the force of continentals located on the southern road. A lookout spotted the British as they approached the town and warned Colonel Sheldon. The commander dispatched Major Tallmadge with a small group to find out if the arriving force were British or expected reinforcements under the command of Colonel Moylan. The force under Tallmadge withdrew upon contact with the British. The force of light horse and militia under Sheldon and Lockwood were scattered and withdrew to the south. Tarleton's force pursued them for a time before returning to the town. They were then fired upon by some militia from behind cover. The British burned the Presbyterian Church and the home of Major Lockwood before withdrawing with prisoners, cattle, arms, equipment and the battle standard of Sheldon's 2nd Regiment back along the northern road to Bedford. Tarleton had the Presbyterian Church in Bedford burned as well as the house of a patriot. The British abandoned the cattle in Bedford before returning to the Bronx River camp under pursuit by the Americans as far as North Castle. In the course of the raid the British had managed to capture some of Benjamin Tallmadge's papers including a letter from George Washington. These papers revealed information on the operations of the Culper Spy Ring.

Reports on battle casualties are contradictory. One secondary source provides a figure of 10 Americans wounded and eight captured along with two British killed and four captured. The nearby towns of Bedford and Norwalk were burned by the British on July 11. Throughout the Revolutionary War, the region was witness to raids by both Patriots and Tories against opposing residents. A Tory raid in Pound Ridge in 1779 led to the death of a resident. Pound Ridge held a number of Tories as prisoners or under house arrest throughout the war. Later in the war Tories were denied freedom of speech, lost the use of the courts, were prevented from practicing their trades and had their property confiscated.

19th century
Pound Ridge was officially incorporated in 1788. In 1782, the population was 707 which increased to 1,062 by 1790 and 1,256 by 1800. One slave is listed as a resident in the 1800 and 1820 federal censuses. In 1830, the population was 1,437. The population remained between 1,400 and 1,500 through the census of 1860 after which the census indicates population decline. During this period Pound Ridge was an agricultural community in which families raised a variety of crops for their own consumption. Commercial beef and dairy farming were also practiced. The town was a center for shoemaking with almost 150 families listed as shoemakers. Shoe parts were acquired from factories in Long Ridge and New Canaan. Residents would then stitch, fit and attach the parts and return the completed shoes to the factories. This activity was greatest in the winter during which farmers had the time to pursue secondary occupations. This cottage industry declined as the shoemaking industry began to employ full-time workers around mid-century. As a result, a number of local shoemakers moved out of town to become factory workers. Pound Ridge became a center of basketmaking with 80 families employed in the trade at its peak. Basketmaking was concentrated in the present-day hamlet of Scotts Corners which was known as Basket Town. Baskets were used for a variety of purposes but were particularly important for the oyster industry along the Long Island Sound. This local industry reached its height in the 1860s, with basket prices falling thereafter. The decline of basketmaking in Pound Ridge was caused by a combination of competition from foreign and machine-made products as well as the collapse of the oyster industry in the Sound due to environmental pollution.

Pound Ridge furnished 109 men to fight in the American Civil War. Of the 94 new recruits, 53 served in Connecticut regiments and 41 in New York Regiments. Seven men were killed in action, 13 died of disease, three died in prison, seven were wounded and 13 disabled. When conscription was enacted, the town began to raise money to give to conscripts for their personal use or so that they could purchase substitutes. The money was raised through taxes, bonds and loans from the county. By the end of the war the town had $35,000 in debts. A significant portion of the money was entrusted to Alsop Hunt Lockwood who served as the town supervisor from 1844 to 1853 and then county sheriff for three years before becoming supervisor again from 1856 to 1868. In the spring of 1868, the town attempted to audit the supervisor to determine how the war funds were disbursed. The supervisor resigned in the summer of 1868 and the town went to court against him to recover $9,155.77 in damages and costs. The case was apparently settled out of court. The former supervisor sold his Pound Ridge house in 1871 and moved to White Plains where he died three years later. Alsop was the sixth and last member of the Lockwood family to serve as town supervisor.

In 1869, the Stamford Water Company purchased land for the construction of a dam and the creation of a reservoir for the use of the city of Stamford. Three ponds were joined to create Trinity Lake which reached a capacity of 450 million gallons when the dam height was increased in 1895. In 1891, the Stamford Water Company purchased additional land and created Siscowit Reservoir with a capacity of 88 million gallons. Annual farmers' picnics were held on the eastern shore of Trinity Lake for about 20 years from 1886 onwards. Up to 2,000 people from the region would attend.

20th century
The population of Pound Ridge declined from 1,417 in 1860 to a low of 515 in 1920. During this period general farming was replaced by dairy farming. Forest grew back over land cleared during the previous two centuries. The town had lost all three of its post offices by 1903. In May 1911, a series of fires broke out that burned hundreds of acres. George Irving Ruscoe served as town supervisor from 1894 to 1927. He also served as a justice of the peace for 62 years until his retirement in 1945. In 1916, the Northern Westchester District Nursing Association requested permission to open a Polio hospital in Pound Ridge. Sentiment in the town was strongly against the proposal and the hospital was not approved. The town board passed a resolution requiring all outside children under the age of 17 to be examined by health officials before they would be allowed to visit the town. In 1917, Pound Ridge was caught up in a Polio epidemic.

In 1925, Westchester County purchased over  of land in northern Pound Ridge and adjacent Lewisboro to create the Pound Ridge Reservation. The park was renamed the Ward-Pound Ridge Reservation in 1938 after the park planner and longtime Republican county leader William L. Ward. From 1933 to 1940, the Reservation was host to a Civilian Conservation Corp camp known variously as Camp SP-9, Camp No. 24 and Camp Merkel after the parks superintendent for Westchester County. The camp had about 200 enrollees at any one time. Workers improved roads and built bridges, planted trees and constructed shelters, picnic areas, walls, latrines and a museum.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which  of the town is land and  (2.90%) is water. The eastern and southern town lines are along the border with Connecticut.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 4,726 people, 1,699 households, and 1,406 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,868 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 95.54% White, 1.21% African American, 0.06% Native American, 1.65% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.32% from other races, and 1.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.45% of the population.

There were 1,699 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.4% were married couples living together, 4.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.2% were non-families. Of all households 13.2% were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 3.4% from 18 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 32.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.1 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $183,208, and the median income for a family was $191,439 (since 2008). Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $50,553 for females. The per capita income for the town was $74,914. About 0.9% of families and 1.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under aged 18 and 2.8% of those aged 65 or over.

Government
 Kevin C. Hansan, Town Supervisor
 Les Maron, Deputy Supervisor
 Nicole Engel, Chief of Staff

Pound Ridge government offices are located in the Pound Ridge Town House on Westchester Avenue.

Schools
The local school is the Pound Ridge Elementary School, one of five K-5 schools in the Bedford Central School District. Older children take the bus to the Fox Lane Campus in Bedford, where the middle and high schools are located.

Communities and locations in Pound Ridge
Pound Ridge – the historic hamlet of Pound Ridge in the center of the town, which contains the Pound Ridge Community Church, the Hiram Halle Memorial Library, the Pound Ridge Museum, as well as many privately owned Hiram Halle restorations in the Pound Ridge Historic District.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.
Sarles Corners – a hamlet west of Scotts Corners; originally named Taylor's Corner.
Scotts Corners – a hamlet in the southern part of the town which serves as the business district. This is where the post office and firehouse are located.
POUND TOWN – WHERE ITS ALL DAY POUND TOWN

Local media
The Record-Review, a weekly newspaper, reports on local issues in Pound Ridge and Bedford. The newspaper began publishing in 1995.

Pound Ridge as a film location

Pound Ridge and the Pound Ridge reservation were the settings for several films, including:
the 1976 thriller Marathon Man
the 1997 film Jungle 2 Jungle
the 1997 HBO film In the Gloaming

Notable people

Max Abramovitz (1908–2004), architect and long-time resident; died here
Eva Amurri (b. 1985), lifelong resident and actress
Tallulah Bankhead, actress
Ellen Barkin, actress who lived in town in the 1990s
David Bloom, journalist
Jerry Bock, composer and long-time resident
George E. Bria, journalist
Tom Brokaw (born 1940), journalist and author
Blackleach Burritt, noted Congregational clergyman in the American Revolution
Gabriel Byrne (born 1950), actor; resided here in the 1990s
Zoe Caldwell, long-time resident and stage actress
Howard Cosell (1918–1995), sportscaster
Hume Cronyn, long-time resident and actor; husband of Jessica Tandy
Melissa Claire Egan (born 1981), actress
Ari Fleischer (born 1960), press secretary for U.S. President George W. Bush (2001 to 2003); grew up in the town and later returned to raise his family
Richard Gere (born 1949), actor and producer
Benny Goodman, jazz clarinetist and bandleader
Michael Gore, songwriter, producer, and brother of '60s singer Lesley Gore
Fred Gwynne (1926–1993), actor
Hiram Halle (1867–1944), philanthropist, inventor, and businessman; died here
Elizabeth Hand, author; grew up here
Evan Hunter, aka Ed McBain, author and screenwriter
Zach Iscol (born 1978), US Marine Corps veteran, entrepreneur, candidate in the 2021 New York City Comptroller election
Anne Jackson (1925–2016), actress
Stephen Jenks, composer and singing master
Eartha Kitt, long-time resident and actress
Björn Kjellström, one of the inventors of the modern compass and founder of the Silva Compass company, resident from 1950 to 1995
Andrew Klaber, investor and philanthropist
Ronnie Lee, Broadway actor, producer, and founder of Group Sales Box Office
Blake Lively (born 1987), actress and wife of Ryan Reynolds
Samuel D. Lockwood, 19th century Illinois politician
Stanley Lomas, television and advertising pioneer; produced first televised college football game
Carey Lowell, actress, ex-spouse of Richard Gere
Ross Lowell (1926–2019), inventor and cinematographer; died here
Ali MacGraw (born 1939), actress, ex-spouse of Robert Evans and Steve McQueen
Mike Myers (born 1963), actor
Stuart Ostrow, Broadway producer; resident 1966–1995
Jane Pauley, journalist and author
Maggie Q (born 1979), actress and model
Christopher Reeve, long-time resident and actor; died here in 2004
Dana Reeve, long-time resident and actress; died here in 2006
Steve Reich, composer
Ryan Reynolds (born 1976), actor and husband of Blake Lively
Tim Robbins, long-time resident, Little League sponsor, and actor
Steven C. Rockefeller, professor, philanthropist
Robert Rubin (born 1938), 70th US Treasury Secretary
Susan Sarandon, long-time resident and actress
Lisl Steiner, long-time resident and photographer, photojournalist, and filmmaker
Martin Stone, producer of Howdy Doody and owner of WVIP Radio
Jessica Tandy, long-time resident and actress, wife of Hume Cronyn
John Waite (b. 1952), prolific lyricist/balladier, of The Babys and Bad English fame, who wrote many tunes while living here
Eli Wallach (1915–2014), actor
Jessica Walter (1941–2021), actress
Vera Wang (born 1949), lifelong resident and fashion designer
Robert Whitehead (1916-2002), producer
Sloan Wilson (1920–2003), author

Notes

External links
 Town of Pound Ridge official website
 Pound Ridge Town Announcements
 Pound Ridge Historical Society
 Pound Ridge Library
 The Bedford-Pound Ridge Record Review newspaper
 The Pound Ridge Land Conservancy
 "Pound Ridge Past: Remembrances of Our Townsfolk" by Bonni Brodnick
 Pound Ridge Democratic Committee
 Pound Ridge Fire Department
 Pound Ridge Ambulance Corps
 Pound Ridge Cheerleading

Towns in Westchester County, New York
Towns in New York (state)
Towns in the New York metropolitan area

Pound Ridge, New York


Natalya Nikolaevna Khorokhorina  (; Kharakhorina  (); born in 1954) is a Soviet and Russian film and stage actress.

Biography

Natalya Nikolaevna Khorokhorina was born May 5, 1954, at the farm near the village of Moscow Vnukovo in Moscow region in a working-class family.

As a schoolgirl, Natasha attended drama school at the Pioneers Palace.

After high school, Natalya spent a year on self-education and additional documents filed immediately and Boris Shchukin Theatre Institute, and Mikhail Shchepkin Higher Theatre School. She was accepted into both. She chose the Shchepkin School, and graduated in 1976, course of Viktor Korshunov.

After graduation from the school, Natalia worked in the theaters Moscow Chamber Troupe, The Ark, Sphere.

Natalia Khorokhorina also played at the Moscow Mayakovsky Theatre. In the Moscow theater Sphere, Horohorina served eleven years. Her acting debut in cinema was in the drama of Georgiy Kalatozishvili Cafe Isotope in 1976.

During her career she played mostly supporting roles and has about 90 credits in cinema. Popularity to the actress came after playing in the movie Pirates of the 20th Century (1980).

Notable films with her participation include Mustached Nanny (1977), White Dew (1983), Unknown Soldier (1984), Entrance to the Labyrinth (1989), Zone of Lyube (1994), Demobbed (2000), The Spanish Voyage of Stepanich (2006) and television series Voronin's Family (2009-2014).

In 2004 she received the title of Honoured Artist of Russia.

Personal life
Natalia first married when she was a student, but soon divorced.

Her second husband was Vladimir Sobolev, she married him in the beginning of the 1990s. In 1992, their daughter Anya was born. They divorced in the early 2000s.

Selected filmography
1976 —  Traitor   as teacher-educator
1977 —  Mustached Nanny as Mom
 1979 —  Father and Son as Anna
 1979 —  Pirates of the 20th Century as Masha
 1981 — Express on Fire as Vera
 1982 — Fairy tales... fairy tales... fairy tales of the old Arbat as episode
 1983 —  White Dew as  Vera
 1987 —  Dark Eyes as the lady from the suite
 1989 — Entrance to the Labyrinth as Ekaterina Pachkalina
 1996  — Love in Russian 2 as governor's secretary
 2000 —  Demobbed as  mother
 2000 —  The Envy of Gods as administrator of movie theatre
 2010 — Our Russia. The Balls of Fate as Larisa's mother
 2013/14 —  Daddy's Daughters as manager
 2009/14 —  Voronin's Family as  aunt Anya

References

External links

 Official website

1954 births
Living people
Actresses from Moscow
Soviet film actresses
Russian film actresses
Soviet stage actresses
Russian stage actresses
Soviet television actresses
Russian television actresses
20th-century Russian actresses
21st-century Russian actresses
Honored Artists of the Russian Federation

Natalya Khorokhorina


The First Presbyterian Church of Blissfield is an active church building located at 306 Franklin Street in the village of Blissfield in Blissfield Township in eastern Lenawee County, Michigan.  It was designated as a Michigan State Historic Site on June 11, 1965 and was later added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 3, 1971.  It was the second property in the county listed on the National Register after the Walker Tavern.

The congregation in Blissfield, which was formally organized on February 29, 1829, is one of the oldest Presbyterian congregations in the state.  The church originally held services in the home of Hervey Bliss, one of the village founders, and later in a schoolhouse.  The current Greek Revival church was constructed in 1849 at a cost of $2,800 under the ministry of Reverend John Monteith, who was a graduate from the Princeton Theological Seminary. Monteith, along with Gabriel Richard, co-founded what would later become the University of Michigan.  Monteith served as the university's unofficial first president from 1817–1821 after having moved to the Michigan Territory in 1816.  He would later move to Blissfield and preach from 1845–1855.  During that time, he headed the funding for the construction of the church.  The building is the fifth oldest operating Presbyterian church in the state of Michigan and the oldest church in Blissfield.

In 1883, the building itself was moved slightly to its current position just north of U.S. Route 223 near the River Raisin.  In 1953, a large addition was added to the church, which greatly changed the appearance of the original church structure.

References

External links
Blissfield Presbyterian Church
Finding Aid for the First Presbyterian Church (Blissfield, Mich.) records 1845-1977, Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan

Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Michigan
Presbyterian churches in Michigan
Greek Revival church buildings in Michigan
Religious organizations established in 1829
Churches completed in 1849
19th-century Presbyterian church buildings in the United States
Michigan State Historic Sites in Lenawee County
1829 establishments in Michigan Territory
National Register of Historic Places in Lenawee County, Michigan
Churches in Lenawee County, Michigan
Wooden churches in Michigan

First Presbyterian Church of Blissfield


Jay Khan (born 31 March 1982) is an English singer-songwriter, crooner and actor.

Life

Childhood
Jay was born in London with a British-Pakistani descent. He moved to Berlin in 1998.

Now
Jay was in a relationship for three years (2006-2009) with Lena Gercke - winner of the first season of the Heidi Klum show Germany's Next Topmodel. From January to July 2011, he was in a relationship with singer Indira Weis.

US5
Jay was shown in TV show Big in America. He was a permanent member of international boy band US5. He was a true member too, he stayed until 2010 with Izzy Gallegos & Richie Stringini.

Career and Life
Jay formed Team 5ünf with Marc Terenzi from Natural and the others. In 2018, he also recorded "Moskau" with Dschinghis Khan for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.

1982 births
British singer-songwriters
British Pakistanis

Jay Khan


Gen Hoshino is a Japanese singer-songwriter. His songs are very famous and used in various TV shows. Meanwhile, he has been famous for his acting in Japanese dramas and films. He also improves his career by publishing some books and broadcasting his own radio channel. Therefore, he has been rewarded for his efforts with gaining his fame.

Personal Information
He was born in Saitama Prefecture January 28th, 1981. His blood type is AB, and his height is 1.68m.

He started his career as a musician in 2000. These days, not only as a musician he does well, but also as an actor. His music agent is Amuse, and his acting one is Otona Keikaku. His music genre is J-pop, folk and dance. He usually sings but sometimes plays the guitar and marimba.

Career
He has been a member of Sakerock which consisted of his friends from his high school since 2000. He played the guitar and marimba there, but this instrumental band was dissolved in 2015. Then he continued his music career as a solo artist. He became a well-known artist by his 8th single song, "SUN." Because of this song, he took part in Kohaku Uta Gassen, which is broadcasted on New Year's Eve in Japan every year. Later, he acted in various Japanese dramas and films. For example, "The Full-Time Escapist" was famous for the story, actors' acting skills and his song, "Koi." In this TV drama, he was one of the main casts.

Acting
His first drama acting was "Water Boys" in 2003, but he wasn't a main character. When he acted as the main character for the first time, he appeared on "Dr. Storks" in 2015. The story of this drama was the life of doctors who worked at obstetrics. Next year, 2016, he acted as a single man, Hiramasa Tsuzaki who employed a housekeeper. This drama was "The Full-Time Wife Escapist" and became popular. Two years later, he appeared on "Idaten" which was one of NHK (Taiga) historical dramas. In 2020, he appeared as a main character on "MIU404."

His first film acting was "64" in 2004. In 2017, he acted on "Night Is Short, Walk on Girl" by only his voice, because this movie was Japanese animation movie. Two years later, he acted as a samurai in "Samurai Shifters." In addition, his latest movie was "The Voice of Shin" in 2020.

Popular Songs
He became popular for his 8th single song, "SUN." This song was the theme song of Fuji TV drama, and this song got the 1st place of iTunes Weekly Ranking in July 2015 and January 2016.

In 2016, he released his 9th single song, "Koi" which was the theme song of TBS drama, "The Full-Time Wife Escapist." Moreover, "Koi dance," the dance of this song, became very popular, especially among teenagers.

In 2020, he composed an encouraging song, "Uchi de Odoro," during Japanese lockdown due to COVID-19. This song urged many people to stay at home.

Discography
1st album: Baka no Uta(2010)

2nd album: Episode(2011)

3rd album: Stranger(2013)

4th album: Yellow Dancer(2015)

5th album: Pop Virus(2018)

Gen Hoshino


Polk is an unincorporated community in Polk County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Missouri Supplemental Route D, approximately twelve miles northeast of Bolivar. Polk is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A post office called Polk was established in 1880, and remained in operation until 1973. The community took its name from Polk County.

References

Unincorporated communities in Polk County, Missouri
Springfield metropolitan area, Missouri
Unincorporated communities in Missouri

Polk, Missouri


Yang Hu (羊祜, 221 – 27 December 278), courtesy name Shuzi, was a Chinese military general and politician who lived during the Jin dynasty of China. His advocacy for plans to conquer the rival state of Eastern Wu finally persuaded Emperor Wu to carry them out, but he did not live to see the plans implemented. He was known for his humility and foresight. Chen Shou, who wrote the Records of the Three Kingdoms, described him as a man of medium height with fine eyebrows and a beautiful beard. Yang Hu is depicted in the Wu Shuang Pu (無雙譜, Table of Peerless Heroes) by Jin Guliang.

Life
Both Yang Hu's grandfather Yang Xu () and father Yang Dao () were commandery administrators (of Nanyang and Shangdang respectively), and his mother was a daughter of the Han dynasty historian and musician Cai Yong. His full elder sister Yang Huiyu was Sima Shi's third wife, subsequently honoured as an empress dowager after Emperor Wu established the Jin dynasty in February 266.

Yang Hu lost his father at age 11. He was raised by his uncle Yang Dan () and served his uncle faithfully. As he matured, he became known for his intelligence, knowledge, and physical beauty. The general Xiahou Wei became impressed with him and married his niece (Xiahou Ba's daughter) to Yang Hu. After his father-in-law defected to Shu Han in 249 in light of Sima Yi's coup against Cao Shuang, Yang Hu was one of the few who were related by marriage who still dared to associate with the Xiahou clan. He served as a low level official during the reigns of the Cao Wei emperors Cao Mao and Cao Huan.

Due to the advice of his aunt, Xin Xianying, Yang Hu raised his status. He warned Sima Zhao of Zhong Hui's intentions, and Sima Zhao trusted his judgement greatly after Zhong Hui rebelled (as he predicted) in March 264. After this, he went on to serve as an executive secretary for Sima Zhao.

After Sima Zhao's death in 265, his son Sima Yan succeeded him, and in February of the following year forced Cao Huan to abdicate in favour of him, ending Cao Wei and establishing the Jin dynasty (as Emperor Wu). Emperor Wu wanted to make Yang Hu a duke, but the latter declined.

Throughout the early part of Emperor Wu's reign, Yang Hu was one of the few key officials who strenuously advocated for the conquest of the rival state Eastern Wu. Emperor Wu, who liked the strategies that Yang Hu submitted, had him take charge of the western border with Eastern Wu and stationed him at Xiangyang. In 272, Yang Hu participated in a failed mission to rescue the Eastern Wu defector Bu Chan from Xiling (西陵; in present-day Yichang, Hubei), and was temporarily demoted, but was soon restored to his rank. After that defeat, he set up a détente with the Eastern Wu general Lu Kang and treated the Eastern Wu border residents with kindness, with intent to win over their loyalty. His efforts succeeded, though Lu Kang attempted to counter with his own gestures of goodwill. After Lu Kang's death in 274, the Eastern Wu border residents became increasingly impressed with the Jin dynasty in light of Yang Hu's kindness.

By 277, Yang Hu had fallen ill. While his plans of conquest had already been submitted and accepted by Emperor Wu, they were not ready for implementation. He performed his final act in the service of the empire – by recommending the capable Du Yu to succeed him. Du Yu would eventually go on to be a major part of the campaign against Eastern Wu. He died in December 278, just a few months after his elder sister Yang Huiyu. The people of Xiangyang built a monument for Yang Hu on Mount Xian (), and ever after Yang Hu's death, visitors to the monument often wept in memory of his benevolent governance, and so the monument became known as the "Monument of Tears" (). After the Jin dynasty conquered Eastern Wu in 280, Emperor Wu had the declaration of victory read at Yang Hu's shrine, and awarded his wife, Lady Xiahou, an estate of over 5,000 taxable households in appreciation.

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

Notes

References

Sources
  Cited as Sanguozhi.
  Cited as Jin Shu.

  Cited as Sanguozhi zhu.

221 births
278 deaths
Cao Wei government officials
Jin dynasty (266–420) generals
Jin dynasty (266–420) government officials
Political office-holders in Hubei

Yang Hu


Othell Maxie Burns Jr. (born November 8, 1948) is an American politician and academic from the state of Georgia. A member of the Republican Party, Burns has represented the 23rd district in the Georgia State Senate since January 2021. He previously served in the United States House of Representatives from 2003 to 2005, representing . From 2012 to 2017 he was the president of Gordon State College in Barnesville, Georgia.

Early life and education
Max Burns was born in Millen, Georgia. Burns received a Bachelor of Science degree in industrial engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, a Master of Business Administration in information systems from Georgia State University and a Doctor of Business Administration from Georgia State University.

Career
Burns also served as a member of the United States Army Reserve from 1973 to 1981. He served as a member of the Screven County Commission from 1993 to 1998 and as chairman towards the end of his tenure.

Prior to his tenure in Congress, he was a professor of information systems at Georgia Southern University's College of Business Administration in Statesboro, Georgia. Burns was also a Senior Fulbright Scholar, teaching Corporate Information Management in Sweden. He has also taught in Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea.

Burns has also worked as a consultant to Gulfstream Aerospace and Grinnell Mechanical Products. He also developed the Southern Suppliers' Network to connect Southeast Georgia's small business suppliers to major manufacturers. Earlier in his professional career, the Congressman served in information management positions with Oxford Industries and the North American Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention.

After leaving Congress, Burns was dean of the Mike Cottrell Business School at North Georgia College & State University in Dahlonega, Georgia.

After his final bid to regain his congressional seat, Burns served as senior policy adviser at Thelen, Reid and Priest, LLP in Washington, D.C. He also served as associate dean and chair of the business administration department at the Cottrell School of Business at North Georgia College & State University. In 2011, he was appointed as president of Gordon College. He served in that role until his retirement on December 31, 2017.

Elections

2002
Burns won the Republican primary for the 12th district, one of two Georgia gained after the 2000 Census. He defeated Barbara Dooley, the wife of University of Georgia coaching legend Vince Dooley.

Initially, Burns was thought to be a significant underdog in the general election. The 12th had been drawn as a Democratic stronghold. Additionally, Burns ran on a very conservative platform. However, the Democratic candidate, Augusta businessman Charles "Champ" Walker, Jr., son of state Senate majority leader Charles Walker, Sr., was dogged by ethical questions and began losing ground during the summer. Eventually, Burns won by a surprising 10-point margin, taking 55% to Walker's 45 percent.

2004
Burns was elected president of the Republican freshman class, but was a top Democratic target in the 2004 elections. His 2004 Democratic opponent was Athens-Clarke County Commissioner John Barrow, who beat Burns 52% to 48%.

2006
In May 2005, Burns announced that he would seek a rematch against Barrow in 2006. The state legislature, now controlled by Republicans, had conducted a highly controversial mid-decade redistricting. In the process, they drew Barrow's home in Athens out of the district and moved several Republican-leaning Savannah suburbs from the 1st District. Although the result was to make the 12th about five points more African-American than its predecessor, it was also slightly less Democratic.

Barrow narrowly defeated Burns, 50.3% to 49.7%, the closest margin for a Democratic incumbent in the cycle. While Burns won 14 of the district's 22 counties, he lost in the two largest counties, Chatham and Richmond, home to Savannah and Augusta respectively. President George W. Bush made two personal appearances campaigning on behalf of former Representative Burns. The first appearance by President Bush was in Savannah, Georgia and the second in Statesboro, Georgia. This was the second time a sitting president has visited Savannah Georgia and first time a sitting president has visited Statesboro Georgia.

Electoral history

References

External links

 "Curb Your Enthusiasm" — The Rothenberg Political Report

1948 births
Living people
Heads of universities and colleges in the United States
County commissioners in Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia Southern University faculty
Georgia State University alumni
Georgia Tech alumni
Republican Party Georgia (U.S. state) state senators
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Millen, Georgia
People from Sylvania, Georgia
21st-century American politicians
Members of Congress who became lobbyists

Max Burns


Babette Bardot (born 1940) is a Swedish actress who appeared in Russ Meyer's films, including Common Law Cabin and Mondo Topless.

After attracting attention for her roles in Russ Meyer's films, Babette Bardot began touring the United States in 1968 as a burlesque dancer under the guidance of her husband and manager, Bob Baker. With the seductive coif of platinum blonde hair and the billing caption "44-24-38 World's Most Sensational Exotic Entertainer" her appearances included the Gayety Theatre in New York, the Town Theatre in Chicago and  the Colony Club in Dallas. While covering the burlesque circuit, she became a frequent guest on TV and radio programs, including The Wally Phillips Show (WGN-Chicago), The Steve Allen Show and The Phil Donahue Show.

She toured in a number of countries, and later found a home at the Majestic Inn (on MacLeod Trail and 50th Ave South) in Calgary, Alberta. The liberal stripping laws in Alberta allowed her to fully strip; however Babette would only remove her tops while retaining a thong. She was the headliner for the hotel bar, the Majic Stik, opening during the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede to a packed house nightly for six months before departing for Las Vegas.

Although unconfirmed, Babette claimed that she was a distant relative of Brigitte Bardot and had once modeled for Pablo Picasso while in her late teens. Author David K. Frasier denies relatives to Brigitte. During the Vietnam War, her popularity and public notoriety resulted in a photo insertion in the GI newspaper Stars and Stripes.

Filmography
Common Law Cabin (1967) — as Babette
Mondo Topless (1966) —  as Bouncy

Footnotes

Bibliography

External links

  1968 photo essay by Mel Theobald.

Swedish film actresses
1940 births
Living people
Swedish expatriates in Canada
Swedish expatriates in the United States

Babette Bardot


La Ferté Abbey (; ) was a Cistercian monastery founded in 1113 in La Ferté-sur-Grosne in the present commune of Saint-Ambreuil, Saône-et-Loire, France, the first of the four great daughter-houses of Cîteaux Abbey. It was dissolved in 1791.

History
The abbey was founded in 1113 by Stephen Harding as the first daughter house of Cîteaux Abbey, the mother house of the Cistercian reform. Along with Morimond Abbey, Clairvaux Abbey and Pontigny Abbey it was one of the four primary abbeys of the Cistercian order to which all other Cistercian houses were affiliated. It stood on a wild site located between the forest of Bragny and the swampy land of the Grosne.

It benefitted greatly from the generosity of the entourage of the Dukes of Burgundy and of the local nobility, especially the family of Gros de Brancion, and rapidly gained wealth and importance.

In 1165-66 it was caught up in the conflicts between Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy, and  Counts Gerard of Mâcon and William of Chalon.

The conventual buildings were reconstructed in the 13th century.

In 1362 the abbey was occupied by the roaming brigands known as the Tard-Venus. It was fortified in 1415, but this did not prevent it from being looted in 1562 und 1567. In 1570 it was set on fire by the Protestant troops of Gaspard de Coligny; the only buildings to survive were the church, the sacristy, the chapter house and an adjoining room. The abbot François de Beugre obtained permission in 1574 to sell lands in order to fund the rebuilding. The final works - the construction of the dormitory and the redecoration of the church - were completed in the early 17th century under his successor, Yves Sauvageot.

In 1682 the abbot Claude Petit refurbished the abbot's lodgings and the cloister, while the fortification wall was demolished and the defensive ditch filled in. Further works were undertaken by the abbot François Filzjean de Chemilly in about 1760, principally to the frontage of the abbot's residence, which bears his arms.

The last abbot, Antoine-Louis Desvignes de la Cerve, commissioned a scheme of interior redecoration from the local architect Rameau, for which he granted him a pension.

The abbey was dissolved in 1791 during the French Revolution, by which time the community numbered only 14 monks, and some of the outbuildings were occupied by the workers, some of them women, from the cotton factory which had been established elsewhere on the site. The buildings were sold as national assets and largely destroyed, including the abbey church.

Present

The only substantial survival of the premises is the 18th century abbot's house, now known as the Château de la Ferté, built on a slight elevation, with a two-storey central block of three bays, wings of four bays with mansard roofs and corner blocks of two bays. This building contains the original monastic refectory. It was listed as a monument historique in 1993.

Daughter houses
La Ferté was the direct founder of five daughter houses:

 Maizières Abbey in France (with its daughter house Sturzelbronn Abbey)
 Tiglieto Abbey in Italy (with its daughter houses Staffarda Abbey and Casanova Abbey)
 Lucedio Abbey in Italy (with its daughter houses Rivalta Scrivia Abbey, Chortaiton Abbey in Greece and the Abbey of St George, Jubin near Antioch in Turkey)
 Barona Abbey in Italy
 St Sergius's Abbey in the Lebanon

List of abbots

1113–1117 : Philibert
1117–1123 : Obizon
1123–1132 : Pierre I
1132–1171 : Barthélémy I
1171–1178 : Guillaume I
1178–1194 : Hervé de Faverney
1194–1199 : Bruno I
1198–1199 : Guillaume II
1199–1201 : Nicolas
1203–1205 : Eudes
1205–1206 : Pierre II
1206–1229 : Simon
1230–1232 : Boniface
1232–1233 : Vincent
1233–1234 : Guillaume III
1234–1239 : Robert
1239–1266 : Barthélémy II
1266–1276 : Jean I
1276–1285 : Gérard
1285–1297 : Rufin
1287–1317 : Pierre III de Montcalier
1317–1321 : Huges
1321–1341 : Jean II de Marcilly
1341–1346 : Bruno II
1346–1357 : Durand de Marcilly
1357–1371 : Claude I
1371–1385 : Pierre IV de Marcilly
1385–1392 : Guy de Saint-Romain
1392–1412 : Etienne I de La Chèze
1412–1416 : Guillaume IV
1416–1419 : Etienne II de Marcilly
1419–1439 : Jean III de Beaune
1439–1470 : Jean IV de Saint-Pierre
1470–1506 : Claude II de Dinteville
1506–1549 : Antoine I de Vienne
1549–1567 : René Dantoncour
1567–1569 : Elzéar de Rastel
1569–1574 : Louis de Breschard
1574–1600 : François I de Beugre
1600–1655 : Yves Sauvageot
1655–1677 : Pierre V Bouchu
1677–1710 : Claude III Petit
1710–1725 : Jean-Marie Vernois de Montjournal
1725–1733 : Jean-Charles Descriveux
1733–1761 : François II Filzjean de Chemilly
1761–1783 : François III Claude-Gaspard de Cannablin
1783–1791 : Antoine II Louis Desvignes de La Cerve

Notes

Sources and external links
Abbaye de la Ferté
Certosa di Firenze: La Ferté
Cistercium: La Ferté
 Auberger, Jean-Baptiste, 2000: La Ferté, in: André Vauchez (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. James Clarke & Co: Cambridge
 Peugniez, Bernard, nd: Routier cistercien (2nd edn), pp. 61–62. Editions Gaud: Moisenay

Ferte
1113 establishments in Europe
1110s establishments in France
Religious organizations established in the 1110s
1791 disestablishments in France
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
Buildings and structures in Saône-et-Loire
Monuments historiques of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté

La Ferté Abbey


Ana (July 4, 1995 – November 12, 2008) was a golden retriever search and rescue dog, known for having been the first graduate of the Search Dog Foundation's training program.  Ana was one of the first search dogs to be deployed to the site of the World Trade Center.

Ana was born to a backyard breeder, and proved to be too active to work as an assistance dog.  Bonnie Bergin, the Executive Director of the Assistance Dog Institute, decided that Ana might be better suited as a search and rescue dog, and suggested her to Wilma Melville, the head of the Search Dog Foundation.  Ana was trained at a kennel in Gilroy, California, and, upon graduation, she was the first nationally certified Fire Department Disaster Search Canine and the first dog certified by the Search Dog Foundation.

Ana was assigned to the Sacramento, California Fire Department, where she was paired with fire captain Rick Lee.

Besides the World Trade Center search, Ana and Captain Lee were involved in several other searches, including the sites of collapsed buildings in Sacramento, and the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.

She was featured on a report on Animal Planet, and on the National Geographic Channel's Dogs with Jobs.

Ana died of cancer in Captain Lee's arms.

See also
 List of individual dogs

References

External links
Bauer, Nona Kilgore Dog Heroes of September 11th: A Tribute to America's Search and Rescue Dogs,
The Search Dog Foundation
The Paws of Life Foundation

1995 animal births
2008 animal deaths
Search and rescue dogs
Individual dogs in the United States

Ana (search dog)