The Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word (MFVA, Latin for Missionarii Franciscani Verbi Aeterni) is a Public Clerical Association of the Faithful, located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Birmingham in Alabama. They were founded in 1987 by Mother Angelica, who also founded the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) and the Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament in Hanceville, Alabama.

The primary residence of the Friars is in Irondale, Alabama, and is next door to EWTN. They also have a residence in Hanceville, AL, near the Shrine of the Most Blessed Sacrament.

The Friars' apostolate is to communicate the Catholic faith by word and example.  It involves using the media: television, radio and the Internet, as well as publishing and conducting retreats. Currently, they focus their attention on the television and radio ministry, in addition to providing for the spiritual needs of the Poor Clares of Perpetual Adoration, the EWTN employees, and the visitors who come to EWTN and the Shrine.

In contrast to Franciscan communities that focus on the corporal works of mercy, the Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word devote themselves to the spiritual works of mercy.  Therefore, they study to gain a deep knowledge of the Catholic faith and practice communicating it effectively.

Adapting to the needs of the time, they have developed into an active religious institute, but still maintain elements of the contemplative life. In addition to praying the Liturgy of the Hours, the Friars devote an hour each day to Eucharistic Adoration and pray the daily Rosary.

The community is composed of priests and seminarians, as well as consecrated brothers.

Friar Communities

Priests
Fr. Leonard Mary, Community Servant (Superior)
Fr. Patrick Mary, Community Vicar
Fr. Dominic Mary, Council Member
Fr. Mark Mary, Council Member
Fr. Anthony Mary, Council Member
Fr. Joseph Mary
Fr. Miguel Marie
Fr. John Paul Mary
Fr. Paschal Mary
Fr. Matthew Mary

Brothers
Br. John Therese Marie, Council Member
Br. Bernard Mary
Br. Leo Mary

References

External links

Franciscan Missionaries of the Eternal Word - Website
Eternal Word Television Network

Franciscan missionary orders
Christian organizations established in 1987
Catholic religious institutes established in the 20th century
Catholic Church in the United States
Birmingham


Willie McClinton Jr. (born January 5, 1987) is an American professional wrestler better known by his ring name Willie Mack, currently appearing in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide, Major League Wrestling (MLW) and Ring of Honor (ROH). He is best known for his tenure with Impact Wrestling, where he is a former Impact X Division Champion.

Mack spent the first years of his career working in the independent circuit, usually in California-based promotions like Pro Wrestling Guerrilla and Championship Wrestling from Hollywood. He had his first national exposure in 2015, when he signed with the El Rey Network show Lucha Underground, a pro wrestling series created by Mexican promotion Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide. He worked until 2018 as The Mack and won the Lucha Underground Trios Championship two times. After Lucha Underground ended, he worked in the National Wrestling Alliance, where he is a former NWA National Heavyweight Champion, but he left the promotion after signing a contract with AAA partner Impact Wrestling.

Professional wrestling career

Independent circuit (2006–present)
Mack began his wrestling training while still in high school, but put it on hold until he graduated. He then attended Martin Marin's WPW Training School in Anaheim, California and wrestled at their weekly events at the Anaheim Marketplace. Knowing that he needed further training, Mack moved on to Bart Kapitzke's AWS School in Industry, California and began wrestling for the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) sanctioned Alternative Wrestling Show.

At AWS, he was noticed by NWA producers and was invited to appear at tapings of NWA Wrestling Showcase, where he had the opportunity to face such wrestlers as Adam Pearce, Brent Albright, Joey Ryan, Chris Escobar and more. Mack also wrestled at the tapings as part of a tag team with his best friend and fellow WPW graduate Jerome Robinson.

Mack began wrestling for another NWA sanctioned group, Mach One Wrestling, who run weekly events at the American Sports Center across the street from where WPW had run previously. Mack was instantly one of the most popular wrestlers in the group. On February 5, 2010 after defeating Scorpio Sky in a number one contenders match for the M1W Championship, Mack entered himself into a three-way elimination match later that same evening, making it a four-way. After Joey Ryan and James Morgan were eliminated, Mack defeated reigning champion, Bobby Marshall to claim the title.

On March 5, 2011, Mack lost the M1W Championship to Morgan in a four-way match that also involved Nick Madrid and Andrew Hellman. On November 2, 2013, Mack participated in a tournament to crown the first MexPro Wrestling United States Champion. He defeated Jacob Diez and SoCal Crazy in the semi-finals, but he lost to CJ Kruz in the finale. On November 3, 2013, Mack was defeated by Samoa Joe at Championship Wrestling from Hollywood's Open Door, in a Dream match. On November 14, 2013, Mack was defeated by the CWFH Santino Bros. Wrestling Champion Robby Phoenix. On June 15, 2014 Mack won the Championship Wrestling from Hollywood Red Carpet Rumble in a match which included Matt Striker, X-Pac, Jake "The Snake" Roberts and Joey Ryan.

Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (2010–2014)
Mack debuted for the Southern California company Pro Wrestling Guerrilla on December 11, 2010, winning his first match. It has been acknowledged on DVD commentary that he attended PWG shows as a fan before training to be a wrestler. On March 4, 2011, Mack participated in the 2011 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament, pairing with Brandon Gatson in a loss against The Young Bucks (Matt and Nick Jackson), the eventual winners, in the Opening Round. On May 27, Mack gained a substantial win by upsetting Kevin Steen. He then began a streak of wrestling top names on the independent scene, defeating Chris Hero in the first round of the 2011 Battle of Los Angeles before losing to El Generico, the eventual winner, in the Semifinal Round. On December 10, Mack beat Chris Hero for a second time in what ended up being Hero's PWG exit match. He continued his streak by beating Naruki Doi on January 29 and Roderick Strong on March 17, 2012.

Mack took part in the 2012 Dynamite Duumvirate Tag Team Title Tournament, teaming with El Generico as 2 Husky Black Guys. The duo beat Roderick Strong and the debuting Sami Callihan in the Opening and the RockNES Monsters (Johnny Goodtime and Johnny Yuma) in the Semifinal Rounds, before succumbing to the Super Smash Bros. (Player Uno and Stupefied) in the Final. On May 25, Mack faced and beat debutant Michael Elgin. On July 21 at Threemendous III, PWG's nine-year anniversary event, Mack received a shot at the PWG World Championship, but was defeated by defending champion Kevin Steen. The match saw an interference by Brian Cage, which launched a feud between Cage and Mack. The 2012 Battle of Los Angeles, taking place in September, saw Mack lose against Sami Callihan on Night One. The following month at Failure to Communicate, Mack lost in his first encounter against Brian Cage. At Mystery Vortex on December 1, he faced Cage once more, this time in a match also involving B-Boy and T. J. Perkins, with Mack emerging victorious. Mack wrestled his PWG farewell match on August 31, 2014.

WWE signing (2014)
In September 2014, it was reported that McClinton had passed WWE's medical tests and would be reporting to WWE's developmental territory, NXT, in Orlando, Florida. He had been signed to the promotion for a few months at this point. However, only a month later on October 13, 2014, McClinton stated that he had been released from WWE before he had even arrived in Orlando. A few years later, McClinton said WWE fired him because a medical test found something wrong with his blood pressure and his knee; however, he suspects he was fired because WWE signed another African American wrestler at the same time that had a better body than him.

Lucha Underground (2015–2020)

In February 2015, it was announced Mack worked at Lucha Underground's TV Tapings. He wrestled under the ringname The Mack, Big Ryck's cousin. On February 8, 2015, along with Killshot and Big Ryck participated in a tournament for the LU Trios Championship, but they were defeated in the semi-finals by the eventual winners Angélico, Son of Havoc and Ivelisse. Mack was then put into a feud with Cage, who attacked Mack backstage in order to be a part of a trios team with Big Ryck and Davari. Their feud culminated in a falls count anywhere match that saw Mack lose to Cage. On the first set of tapings for season 2 of Lucha Underground Mack defeated the debuting PJ Black using the stunner. Mack was unsuccessful at winning the Lucha Underground Championship against Johnny Mundo in a Falls Count Anywhere match. Mack would team with A. R. Fox and Killshot as they defeated Snake Tribe (Drago, Pindar and Vibora) to win the Lucha Underground Trios Championship. During the season 4, Fox was replaced by Son of Havoc as champion, starting a feud with Killshot. The trio would lose the title against The Reptile Tribe. The serie was discontinued after season finale, Ultima Lucha Cuatro.

Impact Wrestling

Teaming with Rich Swann (2018–2020)
Mack debuted for Impact Wrestling on the October 11 episode of Impact!, where Rich Swann announced that Willie would be his tag team partner for his match at Bound for Glory, where the new duo would face Matt Sydal and Ethan Page. The team went on to emerge victorious at Bound for Glory. Shortly thereafter Mack began appearing regularly on Impact programming and frequently teamed with Swann. On the December 6 episode of Impact!, Mack lost an Ultimate X qualifying match against Jake Crist after a distraction by Crist's oVe leader Sami Callihan, which resulted in Mack beginning a feud with oVe. Mack lost a match to Callihan at Homecoming but defeated Callihan in a rematch on the January 11, 2019 episode of Impact!. Mack would frequently team with Swann as well as Tommy Dreamer and Fallah Bahh against oVe throughout the first quarter of 2019. He also picked up a major win against Ethan Page at Uncaged.

In May, Mack entered a brief feud with the newcomer Michael Elgin, which led to him losing to Elgin at Code Red and the June 14 episode of Impact!. Mack continued to feud with oVe as he teamed with Swann and Tessa Blanchard to defeat oVe members Dave Crist, Jake Crist and Madman Fulton in a six-person tag team match at Bash at the Brewery. At Slammiversary XVII, Mack defeated Jake Crist, TJP and Trey in a four-way match. Mack then entered the Mashup Tournament to determine the #1 contender for the Impact World Championship on the July 19 episode of Impact!, where he was randomly paired with Michael Elgin and they defeated the team of Ace Austin and Stone Rockwell to qualify for the four-way elimination match in the tournament final where they were eliminated by the eventual winners Sami Callihan and Tessa Blanchard after Elgin turned on Mack.

Swann and Mack would then begin pursuing the World Tag Team Championship and entered a lengthy rivalry against the champions The North for the titles. They first challenged North for the titles in a three-way match, also involving Reno Scum at Unbreakable, but failed to win the titles. Swann and Mack received another title shot against North in a three-way match, also involving Rhino and Rob Van Dam in a three-way match at Bound for Glory but lost again. Swann and Mack would then unsuccessfully challenge North for the titles at Turning Point. They received another title shot against North at Hard to Kill but Swann suffered an ankle injury which rendered him unable to compete and Mack challenged North for the titles in a handicap match which he lost.

X Division Champion (2020–2022)
On the February 11, 2020 episode of Impact!, Mack and Johnny Swinger lost a match to Desi Hit Squad members Mahabali Shera and Rohit Raju, which led to a post-match confrontation between the two and Mack briefly feuded with Swinger, which led to Mack defeating Swinger in subsequent matches. On the March 24 episode of Impact!, Mack won an eight-way match to become the #1 contender for the X Division Championship. He received his title shot against Ace Austin at Rebellion. Mack defeated Austin to win the X Division Championship, his first title in Impact Wrestling. In his first title defense, Mack successfully defended the title against Austin and Chris Bey in a three-way match on the May 5 episode of Impact Wrestling. Mack then retained the title against Johnny Swinger on the May 19 episode of Impact!. On July 7, 2020 Mack retained the title against Swinger-Cide (Johnny Swinger dressed as Suicide). On July 18, at Slammiversary, Mack lost the championship to Chris Bey.

He then began a feud against Brian Myers. At Emergence Night Two, he was defeated by Myers and successively lost the feud. At Victory Road, Mack defeated the X-Division Champion Rohit Raju by countout. At Bound for Glory, Mack competed in a Six-way Intergender Scramble match for the Impact X Division Championship which was won by Rohit Raju. At Turning Point, Mack defeated Moose by disqualification in match for the unsanctioned TNA World Heavyweight Championship. At Genesis, Mack defeated Moose in a "I Quit" Match.

On May 6, 2022, Mack announced his departure from the company.

National Wrestling Alliance (2018–2019)
Mack begun to wrestle for the official reborn National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) promotion under Billy Corgan. He had returned to wrestling for Championship Wrestling From Hollywood, which the NWA has had a working relationship with since February 2018. Mack was named as the first challenger for the NWA Worlds Heavyweight Champion Cody Rhodes. Their match took place at the Ring of Honor (ROH) Death Before Dishonor XVI event on September 28, 2018, where he was defeated by Cody. At the NWA 70th Anniversary Show on October 21, 2018, Mack defeated Sam Shaw to win the vacant NWA National Heavyweight Championship. Both Mack and Shaw had won separate four-way elimination matches earlier in the card to qualify for the chance to win this title. At the 2019 Crockett Cup, Mack lost the title to Colt Cabana.

Major League Wrestling (2022–present)
Mack begun to wrestle for Major League Wrestling (MLW). At MLW Fury Road, Mack was defeated by Alexander Hammerstone.

Personal life

Willie Mack has been in a relationship with his current girlfriend since 2013. They both reside in Las Vegas, NV.

Championships and accomplishments

 Alternative Wrestling Show
AWS Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Championship Wrestling from Hollywood
CWFH Heritage Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
CWFH International Television Championship (1 time)
Red Carpet Rumble (2014)
The Crash Lucha Libre
The Crash Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Copa The Crash (2016)
Elite Xtreme Wrestling
EXW Elite Division Championship (1 time)
 House of Hardcore
 HOH Twitch Television Championship (1 time, current)
 HOH Twitch TV Title Tournament (2018)
Impact Wrestling
Impact X Division Championship (1 time)
Impact Year End Awards (1 time)
One to Watch in 2020	(2019)
Insane Wrestling League
IWL Anarchy Championship (1 time)
IWL Anarchy Championship Tournament (2009)
Lucha Underground
Lucha Underground Trios Championship (2 times) – with A. R. Fox and Killshot (1) and Killshot and Son of Havoc (1)
Battle of the Bulls Tournament
Mach One Wrestling
M1W Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
National Wrestling Alliance
NWA National Championship (1 time)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 Ranked No. 68 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2020
Rival Pro Wrestling
RPW Undisputed Championship (1 time)
SoCal Uncensored
Southern California Wrestler of the Year (2010)
World Power Wrestling
WPW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

Footnotes

External links
 Willie Mack's Impact Wrestling profile

Willie Mack on Facebook

1987 births
American male professional wrestlers
African-American male professional wrestlers
Living people
Sportspeople from Los Angeles
Professional wrestlers from California
21st-century African-American sportspeople
20th-century African-American people
TNA/Impact X Division Champions
Lucha Underground Trios Champions
NWA National Heavyweight Champions
The Crash Heavyweight Champions

Willie Mack


Ricky Hyslop (26 April 1915 – 2 June 1998) was a Canadian violinist, conductor, composer, and arranger. He was commissioned to write works
by the Buffalo Philharmonic (the symphonic poems Toronto 1830 and Mizu Uni), clarinetist Avrahm Galper (Peanut Suite for solo clarinet), and guitarist Gregory Alliston (Barca for guitar and soprano). Several of his works for violin have been published by The Frederick Harris Music Co, Limited, including three graded volumes for teaching purposes between 1987-1989.

Life and career
Born in Vancouver, Hyslop began his violin studies as a child in his native city with Allard de Ridder and Jean de Rimanoczy. He began his performance career as a teenager performing as a soloist on CNRV radio. Early on in his career he served as concertmaster or as a member of various orchestras associated with the CRBC and CBC in Vancouver.

In 1941 Hyslop became music director for CBC Vancouver's Harmony House, a program featuring the singers Pat Morgan and Suzanne and the pianist Bud Henderson. He continued in that position up through 1953, during which time he also worked as a conductor for CBC Radio on such variety shows as Here's Juliette, String Along, and Scored by Hyslop among others. In 1959 he relocated to Toronto to become the music director for CBC Television's Talent Caravan. He left that program after a short time, returning to CBC Radio where he was music director for such programs as 1967 and All That and CBC Song Market among other programs during the 1960s.

Hyslop also worked as a composer for the CBC, writing incidental music for such CBC TV drama series as The Serial, Opening of the West, Gold - the Fabulous Years, A Place for Everything, and A Gift to Last and contributing music to several TV specials. He also composed music for the CTV Television Network programs The Human Journey and Being Human and composed the film score for the 1977 feature film Why Shoot the Teacher. He later wrote the score for the 1995 CTV News video The Russian German War.

Hyslop died in Toronto in 1998 at the age of 83. In 2000 many of his original scores and papers became a part of the collection at the Library and Archives Canada. He was married to the singer Lorraine Johnson who notably wrote the lyrics to his one-act school operetta Sedna: An Arctic Legend which was published in 1982. Their daughter, pop singer Jane Child, included Hyslop's songs  "Monument" and "Step Out of Time" on her 1993 album Here Not There.

References

External links
Ricky Hyslop fonds (R14100) at Library and Archives Canada

1915 births
1998 deaths
20th-century classical violinists
20th-century Canadian conductors (music)
20th-century Canadian composers
Canadian classical violinists
Canadian male composers
Male conductors (music)
Canadian film score composers
Jewish Canadian musicians
Male film score composers
Male classical violinists
Musicians from Vancouver
20th-century Canadian male musicians
20th-century Canadian violinists and fiddlers
Canadian male violinists and fiddlers

Ricky Hyslop


Dr. Vikas Mahatme (born 11 December 1957) is Padmashri Awarded Indian ophthalmologist, social entrepreneur, visionary and a former member of the Parliament in Rajya Sabha. Born in Amravati, he comes from Nagpur in the state of Maharashtra. He is well known across Maharashtra for his charitable and social works. He founded a charitable trust – S. Mahatme Eye Welfare Charitable Trust that runs Mahatme Eye Bank eye hospital in Nagpur as well as branches in Mumbai, Amravati, Gadchiroli and Pune. He received the Padma Shri for his charitable community work as an ophthalmologist. In June 2016, Mahatme was the Bharatiya Janata Party's candidate for the Rajya Sabha biennial elections, which he won unopposed. His candidature was strongly backed by Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Union Minister Nitin Gadkari. He belongs to the Dhangar community. He has expressed support for implementing Scheduled Tribe reservation for Dhangar community in Maharashtra and is its first community member to get elected to parliament. He is currently a member of the Indian Nursing Council.

Early life and education
Born in December 1957 in remote Wathoda Shukleswar village in Amravati, he underwent many struggles during his childhood, namely, lack of basic infrastructure like electricity. He used to go to a friends house to study under the light, as he didn't have electricity at his house. At the same time, he believes that they helped him to grow will and humility in his character. As a curious and energetic child, he attributes the instrumental role of his hobbies (like playing table tennis) to aid his reflexes and coordination during his career as an eye surgeon in the future. He recollects a childhood incident when he walked in a mango orchard and asked the gardener that who owns all the trees. The gardener replied that the tree belonged to the village community. He marks this conversation as a crucial life-lesson that imbibed the value of collective ethos in him. He moved to Nagpur while his father was serving in a central excise job where he continued his education until postgraduation in the Government Medical College situated there. After his MBBS and a masters in surgery in ophthalmology, he opened a clinic in the courtyard of his house on the outskirts of the Nagpur city. He has also been a lecturer in the Department of Ophthalmology in Government Medical College at Nagpur.

Professional career as an ophthalmologist

Personal achievements
Dr. Mahatme has had a bright professional career as an eye surgeon. He earned an international stature, evident by him being invited to demonstrate his surgical skills in various countries like Malaysia, Indonesia, Romania, Russia, Egypt, Iraq and also various places in India. Apart from being an expert surgeon and practitioner, he possesses a sharp mind as an innovating researcher. He is credited for developing 'Woodcutter's Nucleus Cracking', a modern technique for phacoemulsification. He also developed a pigment for Corneal Tattooing and Filtration Enhancing knot for glaucoma surgeries. Mahatme is an eye surgeon of international repute and has successfully performed over one lakh eye surgeries. He is the first ophthalmologist to demonstrate live surgery that was telecasted via-two way audio-video conferencing in 32 cities in India simultaneously. His contributions are widely accepted throughout the ophthalmologist community. He is associated with the National Programme of Control of Blindness (N.P.C.B.). He has been the President, Geriatric Society of India. He is an active Member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology (A.A.O.), All India Ophthalmological Society (A.I.O.S.), D.O.S., M.O.S., V.O.S., and N.A.O. He has worked with various international NGOs like Sight Saver, Help-Age India, Impact India, Empathy Foundation, Orbis International, RPG Foundation, SAAD Foundation, Volkart Foundation, Vision 2020. He is a member of the Indian Nursing Council (since Aug 2017). He was awarded the Col. Rangachari Award by the All India Ophthalmological Society for the best paper read at the special plenary session of annual conference in 1996.

Mahatme Eye Bank & Eye Hospital
He is the founder and medical director of Mahatme Eye Bank & Eye Hospital, Nagpur which is a recognized postgraduate teaching institute run by S.M.M. Eye Welfare Charitable Trust. Till 2017, the hospital has performed over 1,80,000 eye operations out of which over 80,000 operations have been carried out free of cost. The hospital is recognized by the International Council of Ophthalmology (I.C.O.) - the apex international body of eye specialists - for surgical training and fellowship. The Government of India recognized the hospital as a surgical training institute, which has trained over 1500 ophthalmologists in India and across the globe through its surgical training programs on an International Level until 2017.

Social works

Public access to medical facilities
Dr. Mahatme, an empathetic personality, is the first to start an eye bank in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra and established an eye donation movement there. He also runs several eye hospitals and vision centres in Central India including Nagpur, Amravati, Gadchiroli, and Mumbai. He is working for community outreach programmes in eye care since 1986. His team visits rural, tribal and slum areas and conducts eye screening camps. He pioneered setting up hospitals and mobile eye-units at several places including Nagpur, Mumbai, Amravati, Gadchiroli Melghat, Yavatmal, Gondia, Chandrapur, etc. He started Aankhwali Pum-Pum (a mobile eye unit) equipped with all gadgets for an eye check-up to cater to remote rural areas.

Health awareness campaigns
He is energetic in spreading health awareness in the society through TV shows, newspaper articles, public forums and road shows. He has launched the 'Right to Health Movement' to make people aware about their health rights and about various government health schemes available to common man. He famously gave the slogan- 'Health is my Womb-right.' The trust organises  a free eye camp every year for lakhs of people coming to Deekshabhoomi, Nagpur on the occasion of Dhamma Chakra Pravarthan Din.

Social and emotional awareness initiatives
He is a firm believer in the balance between physical, social, emotional and academic components of education. He came to an interesting narrative presentation titled "Happy Meaningful Life" and has been invited to several places in India and abroad to make this thought-provoking presentation. He started the 'Institute of Science of Happiness' which gives emphasis on developing thinking skills amongst young generation and empowering them with ten life skills underlined by the World Health Organisation. He also conducts regular programmes on personality development for N.C.C. and other students.

Upliftment of Dhangar community
He is an eminent leader of the Dhangar community and continuously works on their problems in Maharashtra. To agitate for the demand of Scheduled Tribe reservation for Dhangars, he led a three-lakh strong march to Winter Assembly, Nagpur on 19 December 2013 and again on 8 December 2015 attended by around 4-5 lakh people. He further organized a huge convention of the community on 4 January 2015 and 5 November 2017, which were attended by the Devendra Fadnavis, Chief Minister of Maharashtra. His unique ability to bring Dhangars together contributed significantly in bringing over the change in the central as well as state government politics. He is also the Former President of a Maharashtra-based association called Dhangar Samaj Sangharsh Samiti, Maharashtra Rajya which aims for reservation for Dhangar community in government offices and educational institutions.

Others
His other concerns include the shepherd community of Maharashtra that engages in sheep-rearing for their livelihood. He is currently pursuing the matter with the government about passes for sheep grazing confined sheep rearing etc. The Government of Maharashtra recognized his efforts by nominated him on the committee dealing with grazing problems of shepherds in Maharashtra. He went on to develop a model of totally confined sheep farm near Nagpur, inaugurated by Shri Nitin Gadkari, Hon'ble Minister of Road Transport and Highways.

Political career
In July 2016, he contested Rajya Sabha biennial elections and emerged victorious unopposed. Since then, he has been actively involved in Parliamentary work by participating in various Parliamentary Committees. He has been a Member in Central Coordination Committee (July 2016 onwards), Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests (July - Sept 2016), Currently he is member Committee on Health and Family Welfare (Sept 2016 onwards), Committee on Welfare of Other Backward Classes (OBCs) (Nov 2016 onwards), member Railway Consultative committee, Member Indian Nursing Council.

He also works for BJP's Vaidyakeey Aghadi / Deen Dayal Upadhyay Institute of Medical Science Research and Human Resources;

Awards and recognitions
In 2010, he was awarded with Padma Shri by Hon'ble President of India for his contribution to ophthalmology and social work. He has also been recognized with Col. Rangachari National Award and gold medal for his contribution on 'rectal mucous membrane graft for dry eye syndrome'.

Personal life
He married Sunita in 1992, who is a Gynaecologist by profession. The couple has a son.

References

Scientists from Nagpur
1952 births
Living people
Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Maharashtra
Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra
Recipients of the Padma Shri in medicine
People from Amravati
Indian ophthalmologists
Medical doctors from Maharashtra
20th-century Indian medical doctors
20th-century surgeons

Vikas Mahatme


Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo (18 April 1819, Bayamo, Spanish Cuba – 27 February 1874, San Lorenzo, Spanish Cuba) was a Cuban revolutionary hero and First President of Cuba in Arms in 1868. Cespedes, who was a plantation owner in Cuba, freed his slaves and made the declaration of Cuban independence in 1868 which started the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). This was the first of three wars of independence, the third of which, the Cuban War of Independence led to the end of Spanish rule in 1898 and Cuba's independence in 1902.

Because of his actions which led to the eventual independence of Cuba, he is known there as the "Father of the Fatherland".

Ten Years' War
Céspedes was a landowner and lawyer in eastern Cuba, near Bayamo, who purchased La Demajagua, an estate with a sugar plantation, in 1844 after returning from Spain. On 10 October 1868, he made the Grito de Yara (Cry of Yara), declaring Cuban independence, which began the Ten Years' War. That morning, after sounding the slave bell, which indicated to his slaves it was time for work, they stood before him waiting for orders, and Céspedes announced that they were all free men and were invited to join him and his fellow conspirators in war against the Spanish government of Cuba. He is called Padre de la Patria (Father of the Country). In April 1869, he was chosen as President of the Republic of Cuba in Arms.

The Ten Years' War was the first serious attempt to achieve independence from Spain and to free all slaves. The war was fought between two groups. In eastern Cuba the tobacco planters and farmers, joined by mulattos and some slaves, fought against western Cuba, with its sugarcane plantations, which required many slaves, and the forces of the Spanish governor-general. Hugh Thomas summarized that the war was a conflict between criollos (creoles, born in Cuba) and peninsulares (recent immigrants from Spain). The Spanish forces and the peninsulares, backed by rich Spanish merchants, were at first on the defensive, but in the longer run, their greater resources held.

Céspedes was deposed in 1873 in a leadership coup. Spanish troops killed him in February 1874 in a mountain refuge, as the new Cuban government would not let him go into exile and denied him an escort. The war ended in 1878 with the Pact of Zanjón, which made concessions: liberation of all slaves and Chinese who had fought with the rebels and no action for political offenses but no freedom for all slaves and no independence. The Grito de Yara had not achieved enough, but it had lit a long-burning fuse. Lessons learned in it would be put to good use during the Cuban War of Independence.

Personal life

Born in 1819 in Bayamo into a family dedicated to the production of sugar, he studied at the University of Havana, where he graduated in 1840. In Spain, the country to which he moved with the intention of pursuing his law studies, he participated in revolutionary and anti-government activities, being arrested and forced into exile in France.

After returning to Cuba, and convinced of the need to oppose militarily the metropolis as the only way to achieve the independence of the island, he came into contact with other opponents of the colonial regime, among them Salvador Cisneros Betancourt, Bartolomé Masó and Pedro Figueredo. Most of the opposition, like Cespedes himself, came from sugar families settled on the eastern end of the island, traditionally poorer and less developed.

Céspedes was married twice and had two lovers who also bore him children. The first marriage in 1839 to Maria del Carmen de Cespedes y del Castilo (his first cousin) and they had Maria del Carmen, Oscar, and Carlos Manuel de Cespedes y Cespedes. His first wife died in 1867 of tuberculosis and in 1869 he marries for the second time to Ana Maria de Quesada y Loinaz (1843–1910) and they had 3 children, Oscar, and twins Gloria (1871–?) and Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada (1871–1939), who was briefly President of Cuba after Gerardo Machado was deposed in 1933.

Between his two marriages, its believed he had carried on an affair during or shortly afterwards with Candelaria "Cambula" Acosta y Fontaigne ( 1851) then the 17-year-old daughter of the foreman of his plantation Juan Acosta and wife Concepción Fontaine y Segrera. He had tasked Cambula with sewing the first flag that he designed for Cuba. With Cambula he had a daughter, Carmen de Cespedes y Acosta ( 1869).  Fearing for their safety he moved a then-pregnant Cambula and daughter to Jamaica. In 1872 their son Manuel de Cespedes Y Acosta was born in Kingston.  In San Lorenzo, before he died, Carlos Manuel met a widow, Francisca (Panchita) Rodriguez. Carlos Manuel and Panchita became lovers and produced a son, Manuel Francisco de Cespedes y Rodriguez.

He named Oscar, his fifth son, after his late second child Oscar, who was executed by a Spanish firing squad. The Spanish authorities wanted to exchange Oscar's life for Céspedes' resignation as President of the Republic of Cuba at Arms (not to be confused with his son Carlos Manuel de Cespedes Y Quintana who was in 1933 named President of Cuba after President Machado fled the country). He famously answered that Oscar was not his only son, because every Cuban who had died for the revolution he started, was also his son.

He had been, before the conflict, something of a musician, and he was part-composer of a romantic song called La Bayamesa. In addition, he supported the work of his distant relative Úrsula Céspedes, even writing the prologue for one of her works.

His portrait was on the 10 pesos bills in Cuba until 1960 when it was moved to the 100 pesos bill. A municipality in Camagüey Province, Carlos M. de Cespedes was named after him.

References

Further reading
 Céspedes y Quesada, Carlos Manuel 1895. Carlos Manuel de Céspedes. Dupont, París.
 Portell Vila, Herminio 1931. Céspedes, el padre de la patria cubana. Espasa-Calpe, Madrid, 1931.
 De Céspedes, Carlos Manuel & Galliano Cancio, Miguel (ed) 1925. En La Demajagua. La Habana.
 De Céspedes, Carlos Manuel & Leal Spengler, Eusebio (ed) 1992. El diario perdido. La Habana.

External links

1819 births
1874 deaths
People from Bayamo
Cuban composers
Male composers
Spanish colonial period of Cuba
Cuban planters
19th-century composers
Cuban independence activists
People of the Ten Years' War
Cuban male musicians
Spanish slave owners

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes


Pnuts is a dynamic scripting language for the Java platform. It is designed to be used in a dual language system with the Java programming language. The goals of the Pnuts project are to provide a small, fast scripting language that has tight integration with the Java language. Pnuts uses syntax that is simple and friendly to Java developers, while also being very expressive.

Relationship to Java

Because Java and Pnuts share the same type system, Java code can easily invoke or define Pnuts functions. Likewise, Pnuts code can easily manipulate Java objects. Pnuts code can even define Java classes. Because Pnuts compiles to Java byte codes, these classes can be used by Java just like any other class. A class written in Pnuts can even later be replaced by a class written in Java with no other code changes.

Pnuts syntax can look very similar to Java. The following is a code sample written in Java that is also a valid Pnuts script:

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
List<String> countries = new ArrayList<String>();
countries.add("Canada");
countries.add("Austria");
countries.add("Brazil");
Collections.sort(countries);
for (String country : countries)
    System.out.println("Hello " + country);

Alternatively, the expressiveness of Pnuts could be utilized:

use("pnuts.lib") // Standard module that makes sort, println and other functions available.
countries = ["Canada", "Austria", "Brazil"]
sort(countries)
for (country : countries) println("Hello " + country)

History

Pnuts was originally developed in 1997 by Toyokazu Tomatsu as a testing tool for Java classes. Pnuts has since been extended, mainly focusing on essential functionality required for a Java-based scripting engine, such as a module system and bytecode compiler.

Commercial usage of Pnuts includes Rockwell Automation's FactoryTalk development system.

It looks like the project is no longer under development.

External links
 Rockwell Automation - FactoryTalk

JVM programming languages
Scripting languages
Object-oriented programming languages
Java programming language family

Pnuts


Katie Bell (born February 5, 1988) is an American diver from Columbus, Ohio.

Bell competed in the Women's 10 m platform event at the 2012 Summer Olympics. She qualified for her place after classifying 2nd in the 2012 United States Trials, behind teammate Brittany Viola. After reaching ninth place in the preliminary round, she only managed to attain the 16th position in the semifinal and hence was eliminated from the event.

Early life
Bell was born three weeks prematurely and weighed only three pounds and four ounces. She was not expected to survive infancy. She was gravely injured in 2007 after flubbing a dive and landing on her stomach, sustaining a punctured lung, separated chest cartilage, and dislocated ribs.

References

External links
Katie Bell's profile on the London 2012 Olympics website

1988 births
Living people
Divers at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Olympic divers for the United States
American female divers
21st-century American women
Ohio State Buckeyes women's divers

Katie Bell (diver)


Bruce Ross is a Canadian American poet, author, philosopher, humanities educator and past president of the Haiku Society of America. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario.

Ross has taught Japanese poetry (in translation) and painting forms for many years at a number of institutions, including Empire State College, Burlington College, the University of Vermont, the University of Alberta, and the University of Maine. He  has lectured on haiku in the United States, Canada, Japan, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Romania. His anthologies and instructional books are in numerous libraries.

Ross's original English language haiku, senryū, haibun, tanka, haiga, and collaborative renku have appeared in international haiku journals, as have his reviews and articles. He is known for defining haiku as an "absolute metaphor" and as a "haiku moment." His spring clouds   haiku  won both a Haiku Society of America Merit Book Award (2013) as well as the World Haiku Club R.H. Blyth Award (2013).

Ross has taught undergraduate and graduate courses in humanities, including religion, critical theory, philosophy, poetics, world literature,  mythology, and related subjects. Ross has lectured and published in phenomenology, most recently Traveling to Other Worlds, Lectures on Transpersonal Expression in Literature and the Arts (2012), and for many years published his essays on philosophy and aesthetics in Analecta Husserliana. He has also taught related graduate independent study in the humanities.

Ross is the owner of Tancho Press, specializing in haiku related books.

He lives with his wife Astrid in Hampden, Maine.

Bibliography

Poetry
Thousands of Wet Stones. M.A.F. Portlandville New York (1988)
The Trees. The Plowman Whitby Ontario (1991)
among floating duckweed. HMS Press London Ontario (1994)
SILENCE: COLLECTED HAIKU. HMS Press London Ontario (1997)
summer drizzles... haiku and haibun. HMS Press London Ontario (2005)
endless small waves. HMS Press London Ontario (2008)
spring clouds   haiku. Tancho Press Bangor Maine (2012)

Non-fiction
The Inheritance of Animal Symbols in Modern Literature and World Culture. Peter Lang (1988)
If Not Higher, Lectures on the Poetics of Spiritual Presence and Absence. Peter Lang (1999)
How to Haiku, A Writer's Guide to Haiku and Related Forms. Tuttle (2002)
Venturing upon Dizzy Heights, Lectures and Essays on Philosophy, Literature, and the Arts. Peter Lang (2008)
Traveling to Other Worlds, Lectures on Transpersonal Expression in Literature and the Arts. Peter Lang (2012)

Anthologies edited
Haiku Moment, An Anthology of Contemporary North American Haiku (1993)
Journey to the Interior: American Versions of Haibun (1998)
scent of pine: A Maine Haiku Anthology (2011)
A VAST SKY, An Anthology of Contemporary World Haiku (2015) (co-editors: Koko Kato, Dietmar Tauchner, Patricia Prime)

References

External links
 Bruce Ross, The Essence of Haiku http://www.modernhaiku.org/essays/RossEssenceHaiku.html
Bruce Ross,Koko Kato, Dietmar Tauchner, Patricia Prime, A VAST SKY; reviewed in Frogpond, 2016 http://www.hsa-haiku.org/frogpond/2016-issue39-1/Ross-ReviewedByGeorge-Fp39-1.pdf
 "An Interview with Bruce Ross" by Robert D. Wilson

Living people
20th-century Canadian poets
Canadian male poets
Writers from Hamilton, Ontario
Canadian educators
Poetry instructors
People from Hampden, Maine
English-language haiku poets
Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century Canadian male writers

Bruce Ross


Waterfront Place is an office building in the Brisbane central business district in Queensland, Australia. It is located at 1 Eagle Street, beside the Brisbane River. It was constructed by renowned Queensland builder and developer F. A. Pidgeon and Son who led the projects development in a joint venture with Folkestone Limited. Construction was completed in 1989. The building stands  tall.

The Waterfront Place foyer is regularly used for art exhibitions. A grand piano is featured in the southern end of the foyer and can usually be heard playing during the morning as office workers arrive at the building. During the Christmas season, choirs and instrumentalists perform Christmas music.

Architecture
Waterfront Place is one of Brisbane's landmark office towers, located on the edge of the Brisbane River in the heart of the Brisbane central business district. The building features views of the City, the Brisbane River and Story Bridge, and, from its upper floors, the islands of Moreton Bay. Waterfront Place is only a short walk from stops of ferries (Eagle Street Pier), CityCats (Riverside), buses, and the City Botanic Gardens.

The architects for Waterfront were Cameron Chisholm Nicol. The building was completed in December 1989, and was officially opened on 15 February 1990 by the Honourable Wayne Goss, the then Premier of Queensland.

The site now occupied by Waterfront Place was part of Brisbane's original port. In 1888 Naldham House, (part of the original Waterfront Place development, but subsequently sold in 1994), was built for the Australasian United Steam Navigation Company. By the late 1970s the site was in ownership of both the Queensland Government and the Inchcape Group of the UK. F. A. Pidgeon and Son purchased the part of the site owned by the Inchcape Group in 1982 with the intention of developing an office building in the future. The crumbling dockyard area was gradually redeveloped after 1984 into the current Eagle Street riverfront complex.

The original waterfront site covers approximately , has two prominent street frontages and  frontage to the river. However, the adjoining Norman Wharf site owned by the State Government was unsightly and acted as a barrier between the site and the rest of the Brisbane central business district. To develop the site to its best potential it became necessary to purchase the Norman Wharf site from the State Government. The final site area was approximately  including both freehold and leasehold, and enjoyed frontages on Eagle Street, Felix Street and Mary Street.

The building became a concern in the interest of public safety in November 2007, after a window pane fell from the building's 27th storey and landed on the road below. The pane shattered before it hit the ground, narrowly missing pedestrians and cars. The pane is one of more than 200 of which that have fallen from Waterfront Place since 1990, due to an impurity of nickel sulfide in the glass, which causes the glass to expand and shatter when it gets hot. In the mid-1990s, more than 300 windows containing the impurity were replaced in the building, however it is understood that there are still more windows with the defect. Following the 2007 incident, additional awnings were constructed across Felix Street to prevent falling window panes from landing on vehicles and pedestrians, and the marina in the Brisbane River has been dismantled.

The building's two-level carpark was completely flooded during the 2011 Brisbane flood and the whole building was inaccessible for a week.

Office floors

Typical floor size ranges from approximately . Floors are a column free space with a  window-to-core distance. There are ten corner offices per floor. Other statistics include;
  floor to ceiling height
  window sill height
 Granite floors and marble wall tiles in the bathrooms.
 Ability to install connecting stairs for multiple floor tenants
 Separate lobby for goods delivery
  light and ceiling grid system

The building is serviced by 22 lifts: six each for three floor sections, two goods lifts, and two lifts between the foyer and two underground car parks.

There are stand-by power facilities designed to generate 100% backup power in the event of mains power failure. Part of the equipment installed on the roof serves the communications needs of the Queensland State Emergency Service.

Construction
In 1986, Folkestone Limited decided to join the project, and entered into a joint venture arrangement with F. A. Pidgeon & Son. Obayashi Corporation of Japan was invited to participate on the basis of becoming the project head contractor. The joint venture appointed Indosuez Australia to arrange finance. Cameron Chisholm Nicol were appointed to design the complex. Construction commenced in September 1987 and was completed 27 months later on Christmas Eve 1989.

During the buildings construction over 600 people worked on the site,  of concrete was used, 9,500 panes of glass were used,  of granite was used and  of marble was used. In December 1989 AMP Society purchased the Waterfront Place complex from the joint venture partners.

The office tower is the dominant element of the complex. The architectural design outline of the tower is framed by matching elliptical curves with triangular projections in each of the east and west faces to create ten "corner" offices per typical floor. The elliptical shape maximises the views to the river and city.

The forty storey tower is of reinforced concrete construction and externally is clad in polished granite with double glazed solar tinted windows. The building has thirty six lettable floors with a Total Net Lettable Area of approximately . The major features of the lobby are granite floors and walls, water features, high ceilings
and polished steel columns.

Ownership
In December 1989 the property was purchased from the construction venture partners by the AMP Society.

In 2003, the Ronan Property Group purchased a 20% stake from AMP.

In 2004, Stockland and Westpac purchased the property, each holding 50%. Later Westpac sold its half to the Stockland Direct Office Trust Number One.

In May 2011, the Australian Government Future Fund purchased a 50% stake in the property from the Stockland Direct Office Trust Number One.

In June 2015, the Dexus Property Group and Dexus Wholesale Property Fund purchased Waterfront Place and Eagle Street Pier retail complex for $635M from Stockland and the Future Fund.

Tenants
The building's tenants include many major Australian and international firms. Among the tenants are the 21st Governor-General of Australia, Bill Hayden, Senator Ron Boswell, and the Commonwealth Parliament of Australia. The first federal cabinet meeting of the Rudd Government was held in the building on 6 December 2007.

See also

List of tallest buildings in Brisbane

References

External links

Waterfront Place at Emporis

Office buildings completed in 1989
Modernist architecture in Australia
Skyscraper office buildings in Brisbane
1990 establishments in Australia
Eagle Street, Brisbane

Waterfront Place, Brisbane


Sera Cahoone (born August 4, 1975) is an American singer-songwriter from Seattle, Washington. Cahoone's music combines elements of classic country-western and modern indie rock and lo-fi music. She is also a drummer, most notably having played drums for the bands Carissa's Wierd and Band of Horses.

Early life
Cahoone is the daughter of Bill Cahoone, a Rocky Mountain dynamite salesman, and Judy Cahoone (née Ahrendts), a business executive. Cahoone said that she was raised by a single mother. She has a sister named Kal Cahoone and brother named Nathan Cahoone, both of whom are also musicians.

Cahoone grew up in Littleton, Colorado. She attended and graduated from Columbine High School.

Cahoone got her musical start on the drums at twelve years old. She had taken up drumming to combat anxiety, and found she had a talent and affinity for the instrument. She also played her brother's guitar and sang, but not in public at that time. Her first stage performance came in a North Denver bar called Ziggie's Saloon (near the Oriental Theater). She played drums behind a group of bluesmen at an open mic night.

Career

Drumming career
In 1998, Cahoone moved to Seattle, Washington, when the snowboarding shop where she worked in Colorado opened a retail store in Washington state. She worked there for two years before quitting. She subsequently worked in a coffee shop and focused on playing music.

Cahoone was the drummer in the band Carissa's Wierd until they broke up in 2003. After that, Cahoone played drums with various bands including Los Angeles singer-songwriter Patrick Park and most notably, Band of Horses. Cahoone has also played drums with Panda and Angel, and Betsy Olson. She recorded selected tracks of the critically acclaimed Band of Horses debut record, Everything All The Time, as a session player.

Solo recording career

Sera Cahoone
In 2006, Cahoone began to release solo work. Her first album was a self-released, self-titled record called Sera Cahoone, which was praised by indie-rock radio station KEXP along with NPR. Seattle indie newspaper The Stranger called Sera's debut "a breathtaking collection of sad and dusky songs that reveal an artist of remarkable depth as well as a truly stunning voice."

Only as the Day Is Long
In 2007, Cahoone was signed to the Seattle label Sub Pop Records which was home to former Carissa's Wierd bandmates Ben Bridwell (Band of Horses) and later Mat Brooke (Grand Archives). Cahoone's second album, Only As The Day Is Long, was released in 2008.

Deer Creek Canyon
Sera and her band recorded her second Sub Pop record, Deer Creek Canyon, in February 2012 at Bear Creek Studios in Woodinville, Washington, over a two-week period with Los Angeles producer Thom Monahan (Devendra Banhart, Vetiver). Additional vocals and tracking were done in Los Angeles over several weeks in early March. The record was released September 25, 2012.

From Where I Started
In 2017 it was announced that Sera's fourth album titled From Where I Started will be self-released on March 24, 2017. Recorded at Flora Recording and Playback in Portland Oregon, From Where I Started was co-produced by Sera Cahoone and John Morgan Askew (Neko Case, Laura Gibson, Alela Diane). Askew brought together key Portland musicians like Rob Burger (Iron and Wine, Lucinda Williams), Dave Depper (Death Cab For Cutie) and Annalisa Tornfelt (Black Prairie) with Cahoone's Seattle bandmates – Jeff Fielder (Mark Lanegan, Amy Ray) and Jason Kardong (Son Volt, Jay Farrar).

Touring
Cahoone has toured with Son Volt, Matt Costa, Band of Horses, Grand Archives, Sea Wolf, Patrick Park, Tift Merritt, Beachwood Sparks, Fruit Bats, Ben Gibbard, Jay Farrar, Gregory Alan Isakov, Blitzen Trapper, Mason Jennings, Kathleen Edwards, and Joe Pug. She has opened for Lucinda Williams, Okkervil River, Mary Gauthier, and The Indigo Girls.

Sera Cahoone, and bandmate, Jason Kardong, were the first people to ever play music on the rooftop of Seattle's iconic Space Needle as part of the Sub Pop Records Silver Jubilee Celebration on July 11, 2013. Their performance was broadcast live on radio station KEXP and streamed around the world.

Personal life
In August 2015, Cahoone became engaged to Megan Rapinoe, a midfielder/winger for the United States Women's National Soccer Team and the Seattle Reign FC of the National Women's Soccer League. In January 2017, Rapinoe stated their wedding plans were on hold.

Discography
 2005: Sera Cahoone (self-released, licensed distribution via Sub Pop Records)
 2008: Only as the Day Is Long (Sub Pop Records)
 2012: Deer Creek Canyon (Sub Pop Records)
 2017: From Where I Started (Lady Muleskinner Records)
 2018: The Flora String Sessions (Lady Muleskinner Records)

References

External links

 Sera Cahoone at Sub Pop

1975 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Singers from Seattle
American indie rock musicians
American women singer-songwriters
American lesbian musicians
Columbine High School alumni
American women country singers
American country singer-songwriters
American women rock singers
American LGBT singers
American LGBT songwriters
LGBT people from Colorado
People from Littleton, Colorado
Country musicians from Washington (state)
Lesbian singers
Lesbian songwriters
LGBT people from Washington (state)
Band of Horses members
Singer-songwriters from Washington (state)
21st-century American women singers
21st-century American singer-songwriters
Carissa's Wierd members
Singer-songwriters from Colorado
American lesbian writers
Wives and girlfriends of association football players

Sera Cahoone


Baqer Moin () is a BBC journalist and author. He has been described as "a specialist on Iran and Islam and is head of the BBC's Persian Service" (in 1999) and as "BBC's Central Asia specialist" (2001)

According to the American newspaper The New York Times, Mr. Moin grew up in Iran, where he learned "Persian and Arabic poetry, mysticism and philosophy from his father, who was trained as a cleric but earned a living as a farmer." Mr. Moin studied in the religious seminaries of Mashhad in Eastern Iran before becoming a journalist. As of August 27, 2000 he was head of the BBC's Persian service, a broadcast service so influential in Iran that "even Ayatollah Khomeini listened to it".
He is the author of the book Khomeini: Life of the Ayatolla.  which the NY Times called "the first serious and accessible examination of the ayatollah's life."  Amazon.com describes him as having written extensively on Islam, Iran and Afghanistan."

See also
Ruhollah Khomeini
BBC

Notes

Iranian journalists
Iranian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people

Baqer Moin


Robert T. Janecyk (born May 18, 1957 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American retired professional ice hockey goaltender. Janecyk played 110 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played with the Chicago Black Hawks and the Los Angeles Kings.

Before he played in the NHL, Janecyk played at Chicago State University. He also played for the Fort Wayne Komets and Flint Generals of the IHL, as well as the New Brunswick Hawks, Springfield Indians, and the New Haven Nighthawks of the AHL. During his time with the New Brunswick Hawks in the 1981–82 AHL season, he won the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award. He also won the Ken McKenzie Trophy in the 1979-80 IHL season during his time with the Fort Wayne Komets. He retired from professional ice hockey in 1988.

His son Adam plays ice hockey at the University of Michigan.

References

Other websites

1957 births
Chicago Blackhawks players
Living people
Los Angeles Kings players
New Brunswick Hawks players
New Haven Nighthawks players
Sportspeople from Chicago
Springfield Indians players
American ice hockey goaltenders

Bob Janecyk


Timothy Taylor (born 1960) is an American economist. He is managing editor of the Journal of Economic Perspectives, a quarterly academic journal produced at Macalester College and published by the American Economic Association.

Taylor received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Haverford College and a master's degree in economics from Stanford University. At Stanford, he was winner of the award for excellent teaching in a large class (more than 30 students) given by the Associated Students of Stanford University. At Minnesota, he was named a Distinguished Lecturer by the Department of Economics and voted Teacher of the Year by the master's degree students at the Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs.

Taylor has been a guest speaker for groups of teachers of high school economics, visiting diplomats from eastern Europe, talk-radio shows, and community groups. From 1989 to 1997, Professor Taylor wrote an economics opinion column for the San Jose Mercury-News. He has published multiple lectures on economics through The Teaching Company.  With Rudolph Penner and Isabel Sawhill, he is co-author of Updating America's Social Contract (2000), whose first chapter provided an early radical centrist perspective, "An Agenda for the Radical Middle".

Taylor is also the author of The Instant Economist: Everything You Need to Know About How the Economy Works, published by the Penguin Group in 2012. The fourth edition of Taylor's Principles of Economics textbook was published by Textbook Media in 2017.

References

External links
 List of editors at Journal of Economic Perspectives
 Personal website with professional information

Living people
1960 births
21st-century American economists
American magazine editors
Radical centrist writers
Stanford University School of Humanities and Sciences alumni
Haverford College alumni
The Mercury News people
Managing editors

Timothy Taylor (economist)


William Henry Green (January 27, 1824February 10, 1900), was an American scholar of the Hebrew language. He was born in Groveville, near Bordentown, New Jersey.

Green was descended in the sixth generation from Jonathan Dickinson, first president of the College of New Jersey (now Princeton University). His ancestors had been closely connected with the Presbyterian church. He graduated in 1840 from Lafayette College, where he was tutor in mathematics (1840–1842) and adjunct professor (1843–1844). In 1846 he graduated from Princeton Theological Seminary, and was instructor in Hebrew there from 1846 to 1849.

He was ordained in 1848 and was pastor of the Central Presbyterian church of Philadelphia from 1849 to 1851. From August 1851 until his death, in Princeton, New Jersey, aged 75, he was professor of Biblical and Oriental Literature in Princeton Theological Seminary. From 1859 the title of his chair was Oriental and Old Testament Literature.

Green was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1863.

In 1868 Green refused the presidency of Princeton College; as senior professor he was long acting head of the Theological Seminary. His Grammar of the Hebrew Language (1861, revised 1888) was a distinct improvement in method on Gesenius, Rödiger, Ewald and Nordheimer. All his knowledge of Semitic languages he used in a conservative Higher Criticism, which is maintained in the following works:

The Pentateuch Vindicated from the Aspersions of Bishop Colenso (1863)
Moses and the Prophets (1883)
The Hebrew Feasts in their Relation to Recent Critical Hypotheses Concerning the Pentateuch (1885)
The Unity of the Book of Genesis (1895)
The Higher Criticism of the Pentateuch (1895)
A General Introduction to the Old Testament, vol. i. Canon (1898), vol. ii. Text (1899)

Additionally, in 1890 he published a highly influential article in Bibliotheca Sacra entitled "Primeval Chronology" in which he strongly criticized Irish Archbishop James Ussher's popular chronology of the world back to Creation and its association with the King James Bible:

He was the scholarly leader of the orthodox wing of American Presbyterianism, and was the moderator of the General Assembly of 1891. Green was chairman of the Old Testament committee of the Anglo-American Bible revision committee.

References

Attribution:
 That article's endnotes:
See the articles by John D Davis in The Biblical World, new series, vol. xv., pp. 406–413 (Chicago, 1900), and The Presbyterian and Reformed Review, vol. xi. pp. 377–396 (Philadelphia, 1900).

External links
 A Grammar of the Hebrew Language by William Henry Green, 1872 Third Edition; PDF available on Internet Archive

1824 births
1900 deaths
Lafayette College faculty
American Presbyterians
Lafayette College alumni
People from Princeton, New Jersey
Princeton Theological Seminary alumni

William Henry Green


Zima Blue and Other Stories (2006, , republished in 2009 as Zima Blue, ) is the first collection of short works by Alastair Reynolds. It was published in September 2006, by Night Shade Books. It includes ten stories, most of them long out of print. None of the stories in it are set in Reynolds's well-known Revelation Space universe, although Galactic North, a collection of most of Reynolds's Revelation Space short stories, was released soon after.

There is a limited edition (2006, ) with an extra story, "Digital to Analogue", and with Reynolds's signature. "Digital to Analogue" was originally published in the 1992 anthology In Dreams.

A new version of the collection was published in April 2009  and contained all the stories listed below as well as Minla's Flowers (currently available in The New Space Opera), Cardiff Afterlife (a sequel of sorts to Signal to Noise) and Everlasting (first published in Interzone, Summer 2005).

Contents

Introduction by Paul J. McAuley
"Angels of Ashes" (Originally published in Asimov's SF, July 1999; unavailable since then)
"Beyond the Aquila Rift" (Originally published in Constellations, edited by Peter Crowther, 2005)
"Enola" (Originally published in Interzone 54, December 1991; unavailable since then in English)
"Hideaway" (Originally published in Interzone 157, July 2000; unavailable since then)
"Merlin's Gun" (Originally published in Asimov's SF, May 2000; unavailable since then)
"The Real Story" (Originally published in Mars Probes, edited by Peter Crowther, 2002)
"Spirey and the Queen" (Originally published in Interzone 108, June 1996)
"Understanding Space and Time" (Originally published in a limited edition of 400 copies for the Novacon 35 Sci Fi convention)
"Zima Blue" (Originally published in Postscripts magazine, issue 4, edited by Peter Crowther)

There was also one brand new story included, "Signal to Noise", which Reynolds had recently finished and for which Reynolds was shortlisted for the 2006 British Science Fiction Association award for short fiction.

For each story in the collection, Reynolds provides a personal afterword in which he discusses the story's genesis, influences, and such, which might be of interest to the reader.

Adaptations
On March 10, 2019, Alastair Reynolds announced that his short story "Zima Blue" was adapted as part of Netflix's animated anthology Love, Death & Robots. This story, along with "Beyond the Aquila Rift" are the first Reynolds' works to be adapted for TV or film.

References

2006 short story collections
Science fiction short story collections
British short story collections
Night Shade Books books

Zima Blue and Other Stories


A poodle is a breed of dog. Poodles are one of the smartest dogs. Miniature and toy poodles are two sizes. The original poodle is the Standard poodle. Miniature and toy poodles are not related to Standard poodles. They do not share DNA.  If the owner does praise it, it will start liking the owner even more, and doing things for the owner. Many people that own them show them at dog shows. Poodles were once used as hunting and sporting dogs, but now they are mostly pets. Poodles do not shed their fur as some dogs do, so they are good pets for people who are allergic to dogs.

Colors
Poodles are also popular because they come in many different colors and sizes. Their coats are most often white or black; but can be apricot, dark gray, called "blue"; and other colors. There are also some rare colors, such as chocolate brown, and brindle. In Japan, apricot color is the most liked.

Sizes
Poodles are bred in many different sizes. The four main sizes from largest to smallest are Standard, Miniature, Medium and Toy. There are also other sizes, like the very small Teacup, that are not official. This means that these other sizes cannot be part of professional dog shows.

Standard - This is the original size. This height is from 35 to 45 cm, weight is from 15 to 19 kg.
Miniature - This size was downsized from standard size for circus dogs.  This height is from 28 to 35 cm,weight is from 8 to 15 kg.
Medium - This size is not accepted in some countries.  This height is from  35 to 45 cm, weight is from 8 to 15 kg.
Toy - This size was downsized from miniature size for breeding as pets. This height is from 26 to 28 cm, weight is  also 3 kg.

Military working dogs
Poodles have been used as working dogs in the military for several centuries. During World War II, it was thought that this breed of dog could become helpers during the war.  So, poodles went through training by the United States Army for special tasks. In 1942, the poodle was one of 32 breeds officially ranked as war dogs by the Army.

Cuts
It is the poodles main style to left hair of the chest and ankles in order to protect heart and joints from cold waters and cut others in order to reduce the resistance of the water. Now, poodles hair styles have more variations. In Japan, the "teddy bear cut" is most popular. This style lets the whole body have roundness like a teddy bear.

References

Dog breeds originating in France
FCI breeds
Dog breeds originating in Germany

Poodle


Brunstad Conference Center (BCC) is a conference centre in Stokke, Vestfold in Norway. The centre is owned and managed by the Christian fellowship called Den Kristelige menighet. They are often called Smith's Friends. The Smith's friends bought the farm at Brunstad near Stokke in Melsomvik in 1956.

The center was used for their own conferences. In 2000 Smith's Friends, decided to let others use the building. The old meeting hall which seated 4,700 was replaced by a new meeting hall, with space for 6,800 people, and a tent camp with over 600 caravan spots was fixed and replaced with just as many cabins, which were rented by the members of the church.

Maintenance and development of Brunstad is still done by volunteers. During the building project and during arrangements, members are used as voluntary workers, or paid expenses. Money for the expansion project came for the most from the effort from the "A-lag" (A-team), where the church's youth from all over the world participate and do voluntarily work.

BCC is now a modern location for events and conferences. Brunstad has several restaurants, a cafeteria style restaurant, a large coffee bar, and a grocery store.

BCC got a lot of stories in the media in 2004 when BCC bought Østre Bolærne island from the Norwegian Military. After a lot of media attention, BCC agreed to cancel the sale, and the town of Vestfold Fylkeskommune became the new owner. Instead, BCC was able to buy property on Syningen in Hallingdal.

Events
Every year one of the biggest shows at Brunstad Conference Center is the Arctic Equestrian Games, Norway's biggest horse show. It was first held in February, 2006.

Other websites
 brunstad.org  The Christian Church on Brunstad, Stokke, Norway, Smith's Friends
 bcc.no Brunstad Conference Center AS

References

Buildings and structures in Norway

Brunstad Conference Center


In baseball, a home run is scored when the ball is hit so far that the batter is able to circle all the bases ending at home plate, scoring himself plus any runners already on base, with no errors by the defensive team on the play. An automatic home run is achieved by hitting the ball on the fly over the outfield fence in fair territory.  More rarely, an inside-the-park home run occurs when the hitter reaches home plate while the baseball remains in play on the field. In Major League Baseball (MLB), a player in each league wins the home run title each season by hitting the most home runs that year. Only home runs hit in a particular league count towards that league's seasonal lead. Mark McGwire, for example, hit 58 home runs in 1997, more than any other player that year. However, McGwire was traded from the American League's (AL) Oakland Athletics to the National League's (NL) St. Louis Cardinals midway through the season and his individual AL and NL home run totals (34 and 24, respectively) did not qualify to lead either league.

The first home run champion in the National League was George Hall. In the league's inaugural 1876 season, Hall hit five home runs for the short-lived National League Philadelphia Athletics. In 1901, the American League was established and Hall of Fame second baseman Nap Lajoie led it with 14 home runs for the American League Philadelphia Athletics. Over the course of his 22-season career, Babe Ruth led the American League in home runs twelve times. Mike Schmidt and Ralph Kiner have the second and third most home run titles respectively, Schmidt with eight and Kiner with seven, all won in the National League. Kiner's seven consecutive titles from 1946 to 1952 are also the most consecutive home run titles by any player.

Ruth set the Major League Baseball single-season home run record four times, first at 29 (1919), then 54 (1920), 59 (1921), and finally 60 (1927). Ruth's 1920 and 1921 seasons are tied for the widest margin of victory for a home run champion as he topped the next highest total by 35 home runs in each season. The single season mark of 60 stood for 34 years until Roger Maris hit 61 home runs in 1961 for which MLB assigned an asterisk until reversing themselves in 1991 citing Maris had accomplished his record in a longer season. Maris' mark was broken 37 years later by both Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa during the 1998 home run record chase, with McGwire ultimately setting a new record of 70. Barry Bonds, who also has the most career home runs, then broke that mark, setting the current single season record of 73 in 2001.   . The 1998 and 2001 seasons each had four players hit 50 or more home runs – Greg Vaughn, Ken Griffey Jr., Sosa, and McGwire in 1998 and Alex Rodriguez, Luis Gonzalez, Sosa, and Bonds in 2001. A player has hit 50 or more home runs 42 times, 25 times since 1990. The lowest home run total to lead a major league was four, recorded in the NL by Lip Pike in 1877 and Paul Hines in 1878.

On October 4, 2022 Aaron Judge hit his 62nd homerun of the year off Jesús Tinoco of the Texas Rangers passing Roger Maris for the AL home run record 61 years after Maris set it and making him only the sixth person to hit at least 60.

In 2023, Shohei Ohtani became the first Japanese-born player ever to win a major league home run title, leading the AL with 44 home runs.

Key

American League

National League

Other major leagues

See also

Babe Ruth Home Run Award (discontinued) – awarded to the MLB home-run leader
Josh Gibson Legacy Award – awarded to the AL and NL home-run leaders
Mel Ott Award – awarded to the NL home-run leader
61* - film depicting Maris' record setting 61 home runs in 1961

Footnotes
Recognized "major leagues" include the current American and National Leagues and several defunct leagues – the American Association, the Federal League, the Players' League, and the Union Association.

References
General

Specific

Home run champions
Major League Baseball records
Home run

List of Major League Baseball annual home run leaders


A junior barrister is a barrister who has not yet attained the rank of King's Counsel.  Although the term is archaic and not commonly used, junior barristers (or "juniors") can also be referred to as utter barristers derived from "outer barristers" or barristers of the outer bar, in distinction to King's Counsel at the inner bar.  They may also be referred to as stuff gownsmen, in contradistinction to the silk gowns worn by King's Counsel (who are therefore also known as "silks").

When students are called to the bar in jurisdictions which maintain barristers as a separate profession, they are said to be "called to the Degree of an Utter Barrister..." on their certificate of call.  This reflects that in English court rooms King's Counsel sits one row further forward than junior barristers (historically, the Attorney General sits one row further forward still, although the Attorney General appears so rarely in court in modern times that the convention has largely been abandoned in that respect).

Because a relatively small proportion of barristers become King's Counsel, it is quite common for a "junior barrister" to be middle aged.  Junior barristers who are over 10 years' call are sometimes referred to as "senior juniors".

See also
 Barrister
 King's Counsel

Footnotes

Law of the United Kingdom
Lawyers by type
Barristers and advocates

Junior barrister


Watertown Carhouse is a bus maintenance facility and former streetcar carhouse located in the southern section of Watertown, Massachusetts, across the Charles River from Watertown Square. As Watertown Yard, the site also serves as a bus depot serving local and express routes, with additional connections available at Watertown Square on the opposite end of the Watertown Bridge.

History

In 1900, streetcar service was extended south from Watertown Square to Newton Corner, which served as a transfer point between the Boston Elevated Railway (BERy) and suburban operators. In 1912, the Watertown Line was created by extending the Newton Corner line along these tracks to a new transfer facility, yard, and maintenance facility, Watertown Yard.

Watertown Yard formerly served as the terminus of the Green Line A branch, with its heavy maintenance shops eventually handling most work for the remaining trolley routes by the 1950s. When the D branch opened in 1959, the Riverside shops were opened to supplement the Watertown and Reservoir carhouses. Due to a rolling stock shortage created largely by the opening of the D branch, as well as traffic problems at the poorly designed Newton Corner rotary, the A branch was closed in 1969 and replaced by the #57 bus. However, Watertown Carhouse continued to see frequent use.

The Bennett Street Carhouse near Harvard Square was closed in the 1970s for construction of the Harvard Kennedy School. On February 22, 1974, the MBTA began conversion of Watertown Carhouse to a trolleybus and streetcar maintenance facility to replace Bennett.

During the 1970s and 1980s, the line was kept open for maintenance moves to the carhouse at night. After the newly arrived Boeing LRVs began failing in the late 1970s, the MBTA was desperate for functional rolling stock. At Watertown, 15 out-of-service and wrecked PCC streetcars were rebuilt to as-new condition. (Ten of these cars still run on the Ashmont–Mattapan High Speed Line). Crews at the carhouse rebuilt trolleybuses serving the Harvard lines, converted other PCC cars into work cars, and salvaged trucks from pre-1924 Blue Line stock to build new work cars. LRVs and even the still-in-use Type 7 cars were brought in for maintenance work, using LRVs equipped with trolley poles to tow the modern pantograph-equipped cars under the older trolley wire.

By the time the tracks to Watertown were removed in 1994, Watertown served primarily as the Green Line's scrapyard.  Several wrecked cars, including sections of cars 3648 and 3639 wrecked at Copley in 1989, remained in the carhouse until they were scrapped in 2012. Tracks remain in the yard and in the carhouse itself.

Watertown Carhouse is now primarily used as a midday layover for buses, as a crew base, and for light maintenance work. Until January 2006, it was used for servicing, storage, and testing of new dual-mode buses and trolleybuses for the Silver Line Phase 2 BRT sets, which were tested under the wires used by the #71.

Bus routes
A widened sidewalk with two bus shelters on the north side of the site serves as the boarding area at Watertown Yard. Buses entering the yard, especially those going out of service, may drop off passengers at the entrance to the yard. Three local MBTA bus routes, two express routes, and a limited-service route stop at Watertown Yard; all terminate there except for the #59. As a rapid transit replacement service, the #57 is the most frequent and most heavily ridden of the routes.
: Dedham Mall–Watertown Yard
: Watertown Yard–
: –Watertown Square
: Watertown Yard–Copley station
: Watertown Yard–Federal Street & Franklin Street

The  Watertown Yard– route also operates a single early-morning trip.

Connections to the  and  routes are available at Watertown Square just to the north.

References

External links

MBTA – Watertown Yard

Buildings and structures in Watertown, Massachusetts
Bus stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Green Line (MBTA) stations
Railway stations in Middlesex County, Massachusetts
Former MBTA stations in Massachusetts
Railway stations closed in 1969

Watertown Yard


Juan Tellez-Girón y Enriquez de Ribera, 4th Duke of  Osuna (15 November 1597 – 12 October 1656) was Viceroy of Sicily from 1655 to 1656. He was the only male descendant of  Pedro Téllez-Girón, 3rd Duke of Osuna who was born in December 1579, and was Viceroy of Sicily from 1610 to 1615 and Viceroy of Naples from 1615 to 1620. His mother was Catalina Enriquez de Ribera y Cortés who died in November 1635 and was one of 3 daughters of Fernando Enriquez, 2nd Duke of Alcalá de los Gazules.

He married Isabel Raimunda de Sandoval y Padilla, who died in 1658 and was the daughter of Cristóbal de Sandoval, Duke of Uceda. They had two children:
Pedro Baltasar Téllez Girón,  Marquis of  Peñafiel, born April 1624 and died as a young child
Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna, born May 1625 and died in June 1694. He was Duke of Osuna (1656–1694) and Viceroy of Catalonia (1667–1669), and married twice, first with  Felisa de Sandoval, 3rd Duchess of Uceda and then with Ana Antonia de Benavides y Ponce de Leon, 6th Marchioness of  Frómista.

Bibliography
 Jorge Valverde Fraikin.  Titulos Nobiliarios Andaluces,  Editorial Andalucia, Granada,(1991).
 D. António Caetano de Sousa História Genealógica da Casa Real Portuguesa, Atlântida-Livraria Editora, Lda, 2ª Edição, Coimbra, (1946).
Felgueiras Gayo Carvalhos de Basto, 2ª Edição.Nobiliário das Famílias de Portugal, Braga, (1989)

1597 births
1656 deaths
Viceroys of Sicily
Dukes of Osuna
Juan
Juan
Grandees of Spain


The Citroën G Van was the 1948 prototype built by Citroën of a small truck which looked like a scaled down version of the H Van, and equipped with an enlarged version of the 2CV flat twin enlarged to 475 cc. Front suspension was akin to that of the 2 CV but with twin suspension arms while the springing medium was by torsion bars front and rear.

It was never put into production, the decision was made to employ the 2 CV running gear instead in the AZU/AK series, which had a lower volumetric efficiency. One copy of the G Van has survived till today.

External links
Photos and diagrams of the G van

G Van
Cars powered by boxer engines

Citroën G Van


The Heckler (1940) is an American short film produced by Columbia Pictures Corporation directed by Del Lord and starring Charley Chase.

Plot
At a baseball game, an irritating heckler (Charley Chase) annoys the crowd and the players with his obnoxious taunts.

Reception
The Heckler has received positive reviews. Hal Erickson wrote that, "The Heckler is without question one of the most consistently funny shorts ever assembled at Columbia, not to mention one of Charley Chase's most hilarious performances." In his book The Great Baseball Films, Rob Edelman described The Heckler as "one of the best-ever baseball-related talkie shorts." Film critic Leonard Maltin wrote that The Heckler was one of Charley Chase's "best starring comedies" and included it in his book "The Great Movie Shorts."

It was remade with minimal stock footage as "Mr. Noisy" starring Shemp Howard in 1946.

References

External links

1940 films
1940 short films
1940s sports comedy films
American baseball films
Films directed by Del Lord
American comedy short films
American black-and-white films
American sports comedy films
1940 comedy films
1940s American films

The Heckler (film)


The British Rail Class 55 is a class of diesel locomotive built between 1961 and 1962 by English Electric.  They were designed for the high-speed express passenger services on the East Coast Main Line between London King's Cross and Edinburgh. They gained the name "Deltic" from the prototype locomotive, DP1 Deltic, which in turn was named for its Napier Deltic power units. 22 locomotives were built, and they dominated services on the line until their withdrawal at the end of 1981.  Six locomotives were preserved and are still running today.

55

British Rail Class 55


Sir Run Run Shaw  (19 November 1907 – 7 January 2014), also known as Shao Yifu and Siu Yat-fu, was a Hong Kong businessman, filmmaker, and philanthropist. He was one of the foremost influential movie moguls in the East Asian and Hong Kong entertainment industry. He founded the Shaw Brothers Studio, one of the largest film production companies in Hong Kong, and TVB, the dominant television company in Hong Kong.

A well-known philanthropist, Shaw donated billions of Hong Kong dollars to educational institutions in Hong Kong and mainland China. More than 5,000 buildings on Chinese college campuses bear his name, as does Shaw College of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. He also established the Shaw Prize for Astronomy, Life Science & Medicine and Mathematical Sciences.

Early life
Shaw was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang, Qing China as the youngest of the six sons of Shanghai textile merchant Shaw Yuh Hsuen () (1866–1921) and his wife Wang Shun Xiang () (1871–1939). His name at birth was Shao Renleng (), which was later changed to Shao Yifu (邵逸夫) because he thought that the average Chinese person would not know how to pronounce the character  (léng). There are a number of explanations given for the use of his English name Run Run Shaw, but Shaw reportedly said that it was simply a transcription of his birth name Shao Renleng in the Ningbo dialect.

He celebrated his birthdays on the 14th day of the 10th month of the Chinese calendar, which fell  in November 2007, his 100th Lunar Calendar birthday. However, the 14th day of the 10th month of the Chinese calendar corresponds to 19 November 1907 on the Gregorian calendar, which according to China Daily was his birthdate.

As a child, his family moved to Shanghai. He graduated from the Shanghai YMCA School, where he learned English.

Career

Early ventures
In 1925, Shaw's brothers, led by the eldest brother Runje Shaw, established Tianyi Film Company (also called Unique Film Productions) in Shanghai, and Run Run Shaw began his film career doing odd jobs for the company. In 1927, Run Run Shaw, then 19 years old, went to Singapore to assist his third elder brother Runme Shaw in their business venture there, initially to market films to Southeast Asia's Chinese community. They established the company that would later become the Shaw Organisation, and were involved in distributing and producing films in Southeast Asia. Tianyi produced what is considered the first sound-on-film Chinese talkie in 1931, and made the first Cantonese sound film in 1932. It was highly successful, and Tianyi established a branch in Hong Kong in 1934.

Just before the Japanese invasion of Shanghai in 1937, Tianyi moved its operation to Hong Kong, shipping its equipment from Shanghai. Its studio in Shanghai was destroyed when the Japanese occupied the city. In Hong Kong, Tianyi was reorganised as Nanyang Studio, which later became Shaw Brothers Studio. Run Run Shaw was credited with scripting and directing the 1937 comedy film Country Bumpkin Visits His In-laws.

In his early days in Singapore, Run Run Shaw supervised the company's business while Runme travelled north to Malaya to establish ties with local theatre owners. In 1927, having noticed that there were few cinemas in Malaya, Runme decided to open four cinemas there to show their films. By 1939, the brothers owned a chain of 139 cinemas across the region; the chain would later include Singapore's first air-conditioned cinema, at Beach Road. They also established a number of amusement parks throughout the region, including Borneo, Thailand and Java, such as the Great World Amusement Park at Kim Seng Road. The brothers began to make Malay films in Singapore in 1937. Inspired by the success of films intended for Malay audiences, for example Leila Majnun in 1934, and other films from the Dutch East Indies, the brothers established Malay Film Productions (MFP). This company would eventually produce over 160 Malay films, many of them starring and directed by P. Ramlee, until their studio at Jalan Ampas ceased production in 1967. The period between the end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1960s is known as the Golden Age of Malay Cinema, with over 300 films made between MFP and Cathay Keris. In 1941, the Japanese invaded Singapore and Malaya and confiscated their film equipment. According to Run Run Shaw, he and his brother went into hiding during the war and buried more than $4 million in gold, jewellery and cash in their backyard, digging it up after the war and using it to rebuild their business.

Shaw Brothers Studios
In 1957, Run Run Shaw moved to Hong Kong, which was emerging as the new centre of Chinese-language cinema, and reorganised Tianyi's operations there as Shaw Brothers Studio. Shaw copied Hollywood by setting up a permanent production site where his actors worked and lived on 46 acres purchased from the government in Clearwater Bay. At the opening of the Shaw Movietown in December 1961, Shaw Studios had the world's largest privately owned film-production outfit with about 1,200 workers shooting and editing films daily. Shaw productions ran up to two hours and cost as much as $50,000, a lavish sum by Asian standards in the 1960s.

By the 1960s, Shaw Brothers had become the biggest producer of movies in Asia. Notable films produced by Shaw include director Li Han-hsiang's The Magnificent Concubine, which took the Grand Prix at the 1962 Cannes Film Festival; the 1963 blockbuster musical film The Love Eterne, also directed by Li Han-hsiang; King Hu's 1966 pioneering wuxia film Come Drink with Me; and Chang Cheh's 1967 The One-Armed Swordsman, which broke box office records. His companies in Shanghai, Singapore and Hong Kong made more than 1,000 movies, with annual production peaking at 50 pictures in 1974 when Shaw was described as the "Czar of Asian Movies". The popular nostalgic costume dramas of Shaw Brothers celebrated traditional Chinese values and culture, which was in contrast to the then anti-traditional ideology of Communist mainland China (particularly during the Cultural Revolution), but fit with the policy of the Nationalist government of Taiwan and US anti-Communist strategy, while not conflicting with the less provocative approach of the colonial government of Hong Kong. Shaw Studios also popularised an early (Wuxia) variant of kung fu film genre that had influence on directors such as John Woo and Quentin Tarantino.

The studio, which held virtual monopoly of filmmaking in Hong Kong, declined in the 1970s, partly due to competition from Golden Harvest formed by Raymond Chow and employing many former ex-employees of Shaw that have been dismissed. Golden Harvest came to prominence through Bruce Lee whom Shaw Brothers had previously turned down. Shaw began to focus his efforts on television. Shaw also looked for opportunities in the United States and co-produced a handful of US films, including the 1982 sci-fi classic Blade Runner. In 2000, through his company, Shaw Brothers (Hong Kong) Limited, he sold his library of 760 classic titles to Celestial Pictures Limited. Shaw Studios also entered a new era with Shaw's majority investment (through his various holding companies) in the US$180,000,000 Hong Kong Movie City project, a  studio and production facility in Tseung Kwan O.

Television Broadcasts Limited
In 1967, he co-founded TVB, the first free-to-air television station in Hong Kong, growing it into a multibillion-dollar TV empire with channels broadcast in 30 markets including the US, Canada and Taiwan, making it the world's largest producer of Chinese-language programs. Shaw took a greater interest in TVB after succeeding the deceased Harold Lee as its chairman in 1980. Shaw leased most of Shaw Brothers' filmmaking facilities to TVB in 1983. Under his chairmanship, TVB successfully launched the careers of international stars such as Chow Yun-fat and Maggie Cheung, singers such as Leslie Cheung and Anita Mui, and directors like Wong Kar-wai. In 2006, TVB had 80 percent of Hong Kong's viewers and 78 percent of the city's TV advertising market.

On 31 December 2011, Shaw retired as chairman of Television Broadcasts Ltd. at the age of 104 after more than 40 years at Hong Kong's biggest television company, after selling his controlling stake to a group of investors including HTC Corporation chairman Cher Wang and ITC Corporation chairman Charles Chan for HK$6.26 billion in March. He was then named chairman emeritus. Shaw was one of the largest shareholders in Macy's after buying 10 percent of its preferred shares for US$50 million when it was nearly bankrupt in 1991.

Community life
Shaw was an advocate and financial supporter of the Hong Kong Arts Festival in which he became the first chairman of the Festival. He was also the chairman of the Hong Kong Arts Centre's Board of Governors. He was a member of the Board of Trustees of United College, one of the colleges of the Chinese University of Hong Kong when the university began in 1967. He became the vice-chairman of the board of trustees in 1972 and was appointed to the University Council of the Chinese University in 1977. Other public posts included vice-president of the Hong Kong Girl Guides Association and the Hong Kong Society for Rehabilitation. He was also the first Asian president of the Hong Kong Red Cross, and a leading figure in the fund raising of the Community Chest of Hong Kong since its inception.

Philanthropy

Over the years, Shaw donated HK$6.5 billion to charities, schools and hospitals in Hong Kong and mainland China through the Sir Run Run Shaw Charitable Trust and the Shaw Foundation, including donations of HK$4.75 billion to educational institutions in mainland China, which helped to build 6,013 construction projects ranging from primary schools to university libraries. More than 5,000 buildings in China's college campuses bear Shaw's Chinese name, "Yifu", which has become so ubiquitous that many mistake it as a generic name. Shaw College, the fourth constituent college of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, is also named after him, whose donations made the establishment of the college possible. His other major donations include 10 million British pounds in 1990 to help establish the Run Run Shaw Institute of Chinese Affairs at Oxford University, and US$13 million for disaster relief after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.

Shaw Prize
In 2002, Shaw established an international award, the Shaw Prize, for scientists in three areas of research, namely astronomy, mathematics, and life and medical science. The award is up to US$1 million, and the first prize was awarded in 2004.

Personal life
He was the sixth of the seven children in the Shaw family, and was nicknamed Uncle Six (Luk Sook). His three elder brothers, Runje Shaw, Runde Shaw and Runme Shaw were all heads of the Shaw Studio. Runme Shaw, the third elder brother who co-founded the Shaw Studio with him, died in 1985.

Shaw's first wife was Lily Wong Mee-chun, who died at age 85 in 1987. In 1997, he married Mona Fong in Las Vegas. A former singer, Mona Fong joined TVB as a procurement manager in 1969 and became the deputy chairman of TVB in 2000. Shaw had four children with his first wife: sons Vee Meng and Harold, and daughters Violet and Dorothy. All of his children studied at Oxford University.

Shaw was a lover of Rolls-Royce limousines and a keen practitioner of qigong. Mr. Bean was reportedly his favourite show.

Death
He died at his residence on 7 January 2014, aged 106, and survived by his four children, nine grandchildren and several great-grandchildren. The family did not give the cause of the death.

His body was transferred from the United Christian Hospital to the Hong Kong Funeral Home in North Point on 10 January 2014. Many local leaders attended the funeral that day, including former Chief Executives Tung Chee-wah and Donald Tsang. Shaw's remains were brought to the Cape Collinson Crematorium in Chai Wan later the same day. PRC President Xi Jinping, former Premier Wen Jiabao and National People's Congress Chairman Zhang Dejiang sent messages of respect.

Honours
In 1964, after their discovery of a small main belt asteroid between Mars and Jupiter, Chinese astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory named it "2899 Runrun Shaw" in Shaw's honour.

In 1974, Shaw was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE). He received a knighthood in 1977 from Queen Elizabeth II and the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GBM) from the Hong Kong government in 1998.

He was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Social Science by the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1981 for his contribution to the university and community. In 1984, he was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Laws by the University of Hong Kong to honour an outstanding contribution to applied visual arts, as well as to the community and cultural developments.

In 2007, coinciding with his 100th birthday, he was honoured with the Lifetime Achievement Award at the Hong Kong Film Awards.

In 2013, Shaw received the BAFTA Special Award for his outstanding contribution to cinema.

See also
 Shaw Professor of Chinese
 Asteroid 2899 Runrun Shaw
 Brothers Runje Shaw, Runme Shaw and Runde Shaw
 Cinema of Hong Kong
 List of centenarians (businesspeople)

References

Further reading

Wang, George Chun Han. (2010). King Hu and Run Run Shaw: The Clash of Two Cinema Legends. Journal of Chinese Cinemas, 4(2), pp. 127–142.

External links

Sir Run Run Shaw at the Hong Kong Movie Database
TVB (Television Broadcasts Limited)
Shaw Studios
Shaw Prize

1907 births
2014 deaths
20th-century philanthropists
Billionaires from Zhejiang
Businesspeople from Ningbo
Chinese centenarians
Chinese emigrants to British Hong Kong
Chinese film producers
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Hong Kong Affairs Advisors
Hong Kong billionaires
Hong Kong Buddhists
Hong Kong centenarians
Hong Kong film producers
Hong Kong philanthropists
Knights Bachelor
Members of the Selection Committee of Hong Kong
Men centenarians
Recipients of the Grand Bauhinia Medal
Shaw Brothers Studio
TVB

Run Run Shaw


Haage & Partner is a German company established in 1995. The company distributes software products where they usually are the exclusive distributor. Products are aimed at Microsoft Windows and Mac OS, and has been aimed at AmigaOS in the past. The primary destination countries are Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

Other areas include translations into German of software and manuals. In some cases, complete packaging and organization. Media handling, advertising, presentation at fairs, German and English customer support, reseller support and print- and internet-related media production.

After the demise of Commodore International in 1994, the later owners of the Amiga trademark granted a license to the German company Haage & Partner to release updates to the Amiga's operating system, two of which have been produced as of 2011.

A former big product is "StormC", an integrated development environment which includes project management, compiler, debugger, linker, run-time-system and class library. This development system was available for both the Motorola 68000 family and PowerPC processors under the AmigaOS.

Another product for the Amiga platform is the WarpOS which is a multi-tasking kernel for the PowerPC architecture developed by Haage & Partner in the late 1990s and early 2000s. It ran on PowerUP accelerator boards developed by Phase5 which contained both a Motorola 68000 family CPU and a PowerPC CPU with shared address space.

References

Software companies of Germany
Software companies established in 1995
AmigaOS

Haage & Partner