Wiley Laverne "Mack" Self (22 May 1930 – 14 June 2011) was an American rockabilly singer, songwriter and musician, who recorded for Sun Records in the 1950s and was a member of the Rockabilly Hall of Fame.

Career
Self was born in Calico Bottoms, Phillips County, Arkansas, one of four children, and started playing guitar as a child, often performing with his friend C.W. Gatlin.  In 1955, after playing on radio station Kxjk in Forrest City, Arkansas, disc jockey Hal Webber encouraged him to make a recording of his song "Easy to Love". The demo recording then found its way to Sam Phillips of Sun Records, who invited him to audition.  Self's first recordings were not released, but Phillips encouraged him to write more songs.  He returned to the recording studio in March 1957 to work with producer Jack Clement, and re-recorded "Easy to Love" along with several new songs on which he was backed by guitarist Therlow Brown and bass player Jimmy Evans.  "Easy to Love" was then released in 1957 as Sun 273, but by that time its style was regarded as somewhat old-fashioned and it was not a hit.  However, Self returned to the recording studio in 1959, and released a second single, "Mad At You" / "Willie Brown".  He continued to perform despite his lack of recording success, and in the early 1960s recorded several country singles for the Zone label in Memphis with producer Chips Moman.  He also continued to write songs, setting up his own publishing company.

Self gave up the music business in 1963, and established a heating, air and sheet metal business in Helena, Arkansas.  He returned to undertake occasional performances after 1992, with his Silver Dollar Band, and was inducted into the Rockabilly Hall of Fame in 1993.

His recordings for the Sun label were reissued on CD by Bear Family Records in the early 1990s, and - with a number of unreleased recordings - by DeeGee Records in Germany in 1997.

References

1930 births
2011 deaths
People from Phillips County, Arkansas
Sun Records artists
Phillips International Records artists
American rockabilly musicians
Country musicians from Arkansas

Mack Self


Henry James "Hank" Moody, portrayed by David Duchovny, is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Showtime television series Californication. Moody is an esteemed but erratic writer who frequently becomes embroiled in bizarre, and in some cases, scandalous situations. Duchovny has received praise for his performance, winning the 2008 Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy and being nominated for the same honor three more times.

Character arc
Hank was born in the Bronx and his parents moved to Levittown, New York on Long Island to raise him. In his pursuit to become a writer, he moved to New York City; and eventually, his talent and gift were noticed by the literary community. Hank met Karen Van der Beek at CBGB and soon after she became pregnant in 1994, later giving birth to their daughter, Becca. After the publication of his third novel, God Hates Us All, which grew his popularity, Hank, Karen and Becca moved to Los Angeles so that Hank could work on the screenplay for the movie adaptation.

After his novel God Hates Us All is adapted into a Hollywood film that he despises, A Crazy Little Thing Called Love, Hank Moody is suffering from writer's block and wallowing in alcohol, drugs and promiscuous sex. Karen is engaged to Bill Lewis, a man Hank despises. Hank meets a young woman in a bookshop reading his book and soon sleeps with her. Their brief encounter is memorably punctuated by her hitting Hank in the face with her fist. He later learns that she is Mia, Bill Lewis's sixteen-year-old daughter. Mia proceeds to provoke Hank during visits to his family at Bill's house. She uses the threat of statutory rape charges to extort un-published short stories from him that she passes off as her own work for her high-school creative-writing class. During a stay in New York for his father's funeral, Hank writes a manuscript drawing from his encounter with Mia. When the only copy falls into the hands of Mia, she slightly alters it and tries to have it published as her own, calling it Fucking & Punching. Eager to publish a young, female, sexually explicit writing sensation the publishing world shows much interest in "Mia's" book. On Karen and Bill's wedding day, Hank behaves uncharacteristically selflessly and accepts the situation so as not to destroy his beloved's wedding day. But that evening, as he and Becca are about to drive away from the reception in his un-washed, poorly-maintained Porsche cabriolet, Karen runs out and jumps into his car and they drive off.

Although they planned to move back to New York, Hank and Karen split up after learning that Hank has possibly impregnated Sonja, Karen's friend that she set Hank up with while they were separated. Hank becomes fast friends with rock music producer Lew Ashby, who recruits the writer to pen his biography, which he finishes shortly after Ashby's death. After Hank has a cancer scare and Sonja gives birth to a mixed-race child, Hank and Karen reconcile. However, Hank volunteers to stay in California for Becca's sake while Karen goes to New York for work.

With Karen in New York, the status of her and Hank's relationship is unclear. After causing writer/professor Richard Bates to compromise his sobriety, Hank is recruited as a creative writing college professor in his place. During a short visit by Karen, it is decided that Hank and Becca will finally move back to New York with her. However, Mia returns to Los Angeles with her manager/boyfriend, to whom she has confessed sleeping with Hank while underage and stealing Fucking & Punching from him. When her manager suggests Mia and Hank reveal their story publicly, Hank attacks him, after which the manager calls the police. Hank returns home to confess everything to Karen, who breaks down and runs out into the street as cops arrive to arrest him.

Before Hank is even out on bail, the story behind Fucking & Punching is reported in the media. Upon being released, he is hired to rewrite the screenplay for its film adaptation. Although the assault charges are dropped, Hank is newly arrested when the district attorney decides to prosecute him for statutory rape. After an accidental overdose on alcohol and pills, Karen assumes Hank is suicidal and warms to him. But after learning he is not, she begins to date the father of Becca's new friend. Hank is found guilty, but is relieved when he only receives three years probation, a fine and community service.

Over two years later, Hank has been living in New York City while Karen is in California and married to Richard Bates, with Hank surprisingly accepting of the marriage. To get away from a break up with his year-long casual partner Carrie, who sets his apartment on fire, Hank visits California to write the script for Santa Monica Cop starring rapper Samurai Apocalypse. He also comes to blows with Becca's boyfriend Tyler, an inspiring writer who shares several characteristic traits with a young Hank Moody. After falling back into alcoholism, Richard ends his marriage to Karen and gives his blessing for her to be with Hank, with the two eager to be with one another again. However, Carrie makes a surprise visit and tricks Hank into drinking a drugged alcoholic beverage in an effort to end both their lives.

Although Hank recovers fully, Carrie is left in a persistent vegetative state with her family deciding to end her life. Hank feels responsible and falls into severe alcoholism, until his friends and daughter stage an intervention. After an early-leaving of rehab, he agrees to write the script to a rock musical adaptation of A Crazy Little Thing Called Love with rock musician Atticus Fetch writing the songs. Becca, having begun having sex and using drugs believing it will help her become a writer, much to Hank's chagrin, departs to travel the world on a "literary pilgrimage." Although he embarked on a tour with Atticus, Hank leaves hoping to finally be with Karen.

Hank is contacted by a young man, Levon, who informs him that he is Hank's son. Hank apparently impregnated his mother, Julia, just before he met Karen. While trying to connect with his son, Hank becomes one of several writers on the television adaptation of Santa Monica Cop. Becca returns with the news that she is getting married. Although he tries to dissuade the marriage, Hank ultimately gets on the plane to the ceremony in New York after reading to Karen a piece he wrote declaring he will never give up on the two of them being together.

Characteristics
However shallow Hank may come across as being, most episodes of Californication reveal at least some degree of depth to his persona, in many cases exposing a surprisingly vulnerable Hank, especially in relation to his long-term on-and-off girlfriend Karen and their daughter, Becca. He is shown on more than one occasion to be broken, empty and desolate, seeing himself as beyond saving.

Hank loves rock music and collects classic vinyl records. His favorite artist appears to be Warren Zevon. Along with the consumption of whiskey and weed, Hank listens to Zevon songs, every time he completes a piece of writing. He also mentions Black Sabbath lyrics from time to time.

He owns a classic Gibson Les Paul. In the second season, he reveals to Lew Ashby that the first album he ever bought with his own money was Led Zeppelin II. Three of Hank's novels, South of Heaven, Seasons in the Abyss and God Hates Us All are named after the albums by the American thrash metal band, Slayer.

During the first four seasons of the series, Hank is seen driving a 1990 Porsche 964 Cabriolet with one headlight smashed. The car is characterized by its messy and dusty look that Hank maintains with his daughter Becca's support. They both claim that it "has character". Hank buys a new Porsche 996 Cabriolet in the ninth episode of the first season but it's soon carjacked, so Hank goes back to his original Porsche.  In the fourth season when the car is crashed by Becca, Hank subsequently buys another of the same model and color. He is seen using a tire iron to break the right headlight of the new car, even before leaving the used car lot on Washington Boulevard in Marina Del Rey, to resemble his old car. However in Season 5 Hank is given a new Porsche (initially a 997, then a 991) by Charlie and subsequently drives that for the rest of the series. The series finale ends with a shot of the car. This solidifies that Hank is leaving his lifestyle behind to finally be with Karen, as they fly to New York for Becca's wedding.

Publications
 South of HeavenWritten before the show.
 Seasons in the AbyssWritten before the show.
 God Hates Us AllWritten before the show. The movie adaptation has just been finished before the first season begins. In the sixth season Hank writes a musical based on the book with Atticus Fetch, although he is fired in the debut episode of the subsequent season.
 Fucking & PunchingWritten during the first season, it was stolen by Mia Lewis, who then got it published as her own work and received critical acclaim. Hank regains attribution for the novel between the third and fourth seasons, and assists in the development of the film adaptation after being hired to rewrite the script.
 Lew Ashby, A BiographyWritten during the second season. It was published posthumously after Lew Ashby mistakenly overdosed on heroin.
 CalifornicationWritten between the fourth and fifth season.

Other works
Aside from his books, Hank has written the screenplay for the movie adaption of his God Hates Us All, titled A Crazy Little Thing Called Love. He has also written the musical based on the movie. In the first season, he writes a blog for Hell-A Magazine, which is owned by Bill Lewis. In the fourth season, he rewrote the Fucking & Punching screenplay and dialogue for Slowly We Rot 2. In season five Hank writes the screenplay for Santa Monica Cop and the lyrics to a song for singer Kali. Season seven sees Hank becoming a staff writer for the television adaptation of Santa Monica Cop.

Development
David Duchovny stated that following The X-Files, he wanted to work on a comedy series, but believed casting directors and audiences would not be receptive to his being cast in such a role because of the dark tone of his previous work. He also felt that the "underdog comedies" being made at the time would not have suited him.

He was attracted to Californication because the show is a "hyper-articulate comedy" and deals with adults trying to solve their problems. Duchovny looked at his character as the emotional anchor of the show, giving "balance to all the other craziness and [keeping] it from floating away into ridiculous escapades." He revealed that creator Tom Kapinos allowed him to improvise his lines, allowing for a natural feel. Hank's iconic saying of the word "motherfucker" in a falsetto voice was one of these instances.

Duchovny said that the show's premise that a writer is interesting to people is Kapinos's fantasy; "To make a show about a writer and to have that writer be attractive to women and powerful in the world and all these things. It's just complete wish fulfillment for Tom, and for writers in general, he would say." Marilyn Manson, who plays himself in season 6, said Kapinos told him that when creating the character of Hank Moody he wanted him to be a rock star; "He was writing about himself, so he wanted to combine a writer who behaved like a rock star."

Duchovny revealed that he wanted Hank to die at the end of the series; "Everything had to catch up with him. You can't drink and smoke like that and get away with it for too long. I wanted it to be complete. I wanted Hank to get married to Karen right before he died."

Reception
David Duchovny's performance has been praised by critics. Robert Bianco of USA Today felt that he "makes the unlikeliest twists believable and the most heinous behavior forgivable." Similarly, Charlie McCollum of the San Jose Mercury News said that the actor makes a character that might seem "repugnant into a charming, engaging, surprisingly self-aware human being." Tim Goodman for SFGate claimed that Duchovny takes Kapinos's dialogue and turns it into "a kind of verbal weapon all too lacking on television." The Boston Globes Matthew Gilbert wrote that "Duchovny manages to make Hank almost heroic at moments—a bitter cynic whose inappropriate honesty marks him as an outsider in a town that thrives on pretty lies." Reviewers for Slate, New York and Variety all praised the actor's comedy chops. However, LA Weeklys Robert Abele wrote that "Duchovny is too self-consciously cool an actor to suggest anything out of control about a guy who is having sex with that many women, which means he just seems square-ish, weak or bored when Hank pleads for Karen to reunite with him, or hugs his daughter."

Duchovny won the 2008 Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy for his performance as Hank Moody. He was nominated for the same award three more times; 2009, 2010, and 2012. In 2008 he was also nominated for the Satellite Award for Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Comedy Series.

References

External links
 God Hates Us All page at Simon & Schuster
 Hank Moody-The Writer

Television characters introduced in 2007
Fictional drug addicts
Fictional professors
Fictional writers
Fictional cocaine users
Fictional alcohol abusers
Fictional characters from New York (state)
Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional characters from Los Angeles
Male characters in television

Hank Moody


Pilzno County (Polish: Powiat pilznenski) was an administrative territorial entity of the Kingdom of Poland and later Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It is unknown when it was established, probably some time in the 15th century. It was located in the southernmost corner of the Sandomierz Voivodeship and within its borders were such towns as Tarnów, Debica, Mielec, Kolbuszowa, Sedziszow Malopolski and Ropczyce. It ceased to exist in 1774, following the Partitions of Poland, when Austrian government moved its capital to Tarnow.

In 1867, following territorial reorganization of Galicia, the Austrians created the Pilzno county again, and it existed until 1931, when government of the Second Polish Republic merged it with the Ropczyce County and moved the capital firstly to Ropczyce and then in 1936 to Debica.

Sources
 History of the Pilzno County
 Pilzno - history

Ziemias
History of Lesser Poland

Pilzno County


Edward Kirk Shelmerdine V (born March 8, 1958) is an American stock car racing driver and former championship-winning crew chief for Dale Earnhardt.

Crew chief
After spending his early NASCAR career as an engineer for Hylton Engineering, in 1984 he joined Richard Childress Racing to become the crew chief for Dale Earnhardt. Earnhardt had 46 wins, 142 top 5 finishes, and 246 top 10 finishes with Shelmerdine en route to four championships in 1986, 1987, 1990 and 1991. The pit crew won four consecutive Pit Crew Titles over the next eight years. His accomplishments include being the youngest crew chief to win a NASCAR race, and the youngest crew chief to win a Winston Cup championship. In 1992, he announced he was retiring from his crew chief duties, and embarked on a racing career on his own to pursue his dream of being a driver.

Driving career begins
He started running in the ARCA series in 1993 where he has three career wins. He has since run in all the top levels in NASCAR.  Shelmerdine has run a total of two Craftsman Truck Series races with a best finish of 17th at Bristol in 1995.  He has also run 12 Busch Series races with a best finish of 17th in 1994 at Daytona for Levin Racing.

Cup driving career
Shelmerdine's NASCAR Winston Cup Series career actually started in 1981 in a race at College Station (Texas World Speedway, where owner/driver James Hylton brought out a 2nd car (No. 8) for Shelmerdine to drive. After two laps, he quit and finished 33rd of the 34 cars. His next start would come at Talladega Superspeedway in 1994 for Jimmy Means. Shelmerdine finished 26th in the No. 52 Ford.  He started his own Cup team in 2002 and ran races at Talladega, Loudon and Pocono, but he was primarily a "field filler" driver.

2004 was a breakout year for Shelmerdine, as he attempted all 36 races as an owner, 32 as a driver. As team owner he had other drivers fill in for him at selected tracks: Tom Hubert at Infineon and Watkins Glen, Brad Teague at the fall Bristol race, and Ted Christopher at the July Loudon race. Shelmerdine's best finish would be a 37th at Michigan. His car qualified 18 races but completed none of them.

2005 was a step back. The team qualified for only three races (Infineon with Hubert, Loudon with Christopher, and Pocono with Shelmerdine). Shelmerdine finished 42nd in the Pocono race with heating conditions ending his day 192 laps short of the finish.

He started out 2006 on a better note. He was rolling his car on to his hauler after failing to qualify high enough in his qualifying race for the Daytona 500. A NASCAR official stopped him and informed him that he qualified for his first Daytona 500 by gaining the final spot with his qualifying speed. He finished in 20th place on the lead lap, the best finish of his Cup career. His performance gained media attention as he said if he did not qualify, he'd sell his race team because he was extremely low on money. He was using a motor from Richard Childress (in exchange for a displaying a sponsorship decal). His tires had been donated by a family of Dale Earnhardt fans. He had no full-time pit crew, only his loyal teammates such as Phil Harris, J.V. Daniels and a few others.

Shelmerdine's plans for the rest of 2006 were limited, however, he did race at Talladega. He qualified 22nd and was having a good run when he wrecked early in the race. Shelmerdine finished 40th. Since then, he has attempted to qualify for the Coca-Cola 600 but failed to make the race after a qualifying crash, his next appearance was at the Pepsi 400 at Daytona where he made the show but fell out early and finished 43rd.

On December 22, 2006, the Federal Election Commission sent an "admonishment letter" to Shelmerdine as a response to him for running with a Bush/Cheney decal on his car in 2004.

Shelmerdine drove the Richard Childress Racing No. 33 in the 2008 Daytona testing sessions and was to be entered in the 2008 Daytona 500. He attempted a number of races during the 2009 season after buying Toyotas from Bill Davis Racing. Shelmerdine used Tom Hubert for road courses and New England staple Ted Christopher for Loudon.

It was announced on August 26, 2010, that on September 14, 2010, the assets of Kirk Shelmerdine Racing were to be sold at Public Auction at the team's basis in Welcome, North Carolina. Shelmerdine stated the reason for the closure is lack of sponsorship and technology provided for independent teams.

Personal life
Shelmerdine resides in Welcome, North Carolina, and is the father of two children.

Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Sprint Cup Series

Daytona 500

Nationwide Series

Craftsman Truck Series

ARCA Re/Max Series
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

References

External links

ESPN.com article on Shelmerdine

1958 births
ARCA Menards Series drivers
NASCAR crew chiefs
Living people
NASCAR drivers
NASCAR team owners
People from Welcome, North Carolina
Racing drivers from Philadelphia
Richard Childress Racing drivers
NASCAR Hall of Fame inductees
Racing drivers from California

Kirk Shelmerdine


Johann Wilhelm Petersen (1 July 1649 in Osnabrück – 31 January 1727 in Zerbst) was a German theologian, mystic, and Millennialist.

Johann Wilhelm Petersen grew up in Lübeck and studied theology at the Katharineum in Lübeck, as well as in Giessen, Rostock, Leipzig, Wittenberg and Jena.  He studied with Philipp Jakob Spener in Frankfurt, and they became friends in 1675.  Through his affiliation with Spener, Petersen became interested in Pietism.

As a student, Petersen wrote a 1668 wedding poem for Dieterich Buxtehude.  This poem was later composed as a cantata (Oh blessed, to the Last Supper of the Lamb is appointed BuxWV 90).

By 1677, Petersen was pastor of the church at Hanover.  He was the leader and superintendent of the diocese of Lübeck in Eutin until 1688, and from 1688 to 1692 he was the superintendent in Aue.

In 1680, he published Acquittal Catechism, and fell out of favor with religious leaders and lost his position in the church because of his Chiliastic teachings.

Together with his wife Johanna Eleonora, he developed an independent form of spirituality in affinity with forms of pietism and mysticism.  He spent the rest of his life on his property at low-Dodeleben, from 1724 to Thymern and Zerbst.
Petersen wrote a book with the title Mysterion apokatastaseos panton to explain his lecture about the Origenes´s thesis: Apokatastasis. 'What fruit has the doctrine of eternal damnation born up till now? Has it made men more pious? On the contrary, when they have properly considered the cruel, frightful disproportion between the punishments and their own sins, they have begun to believe nothing at all... (Mysterion, p. 222)

Leinbiz read and appreciated the book and in 1706 started exchanging letters with Petersen. He encouraged him to expose his views by composing a work in verse for which he provided ideas and guidelines. The poem appeared in 1720 with the title Uranias, qua opera Dei magna omnibus retro seculis et oeconomiis transisctis usque ad apocatastasim seculorum omnium'' and with a preface acknowledging the support.

References

1649 births
1727 deaths
17th-century Christian mystics
18th-century Christian mystics
Clergy from Osnabrück
Clergy from Lübeck
German Protestant clergy
Radical Pietism
Protestant mystics

Johann Wilhelm Petersen


Kemalism is a political philosophy or ideology which was used when the Republic of Turkey was founded in 1923. It is named afer Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Atatürk defined six principles, which he called arrows:
The new state should be a republic, because that is the best form of government
Laicism there should be a clear separation between religious beliefs and the state.
Populism- the state must represent all the people, and not only a select group
Revolutionism - reforms should be possible at any time
Nationalism - not like the Osmanic Empire
Statism- the state should have the power to direct or control a small part of the economy for a short time, if that is necessary
Since 2001, there are tendencies to give Islam a higher presence in society, and to make Kemallism less important.

Kemalism


Opera South is the name of a semi-professional British opera company based on the borders of Surrey, Hampshire, and West Sussex.

Specializing in staging lesser-known operas, the company was founded in 1984 as Opera Omnibus at Haslemere and was soon incorporated as a registered charity (1985) and limited company (1986). The company rebranded itself as Opera South in the first years of the 21st century. In 2005 the Guildford Philharmonic Orchestra joined the company and plays at the fully staged productions. The company is currently presided over by Ann Murray.

External links
Opera South official site

British opera companies
Opera in the United Kingdom
Musical groups established in 1984

Opera South


Jarrett Brandon Williams (born September 8, 1984) is an American comic book creator. Williams currently wrote and illustrated the Super Pro K.O.! graphic novel series through comic publisher Oni Press, later co-illustrating the 2021 graphic novel Rick and Morty – Worlds Apart with Tony Fleecs.

Early life and education
Williams was raised in New Orleans, Louisiana. His first exposure to comics came from The Times-Picayune newspaper comic strip section. As a child, Williams was fairly introverted and loved drawing, reading, legoes, and playing video games. He frequented the Crescent City Comic Shop in New Orleans where he was first exposed to comics.

Williams attended the New Orleans Center for Creative Arts where he graduated in the school's Visual Arts Program. In 2002, he enrolled into the Savannah College of Art and Design where he received his Bachelor of Fine Arts in Sequential Art in 2006 and his Master of Fine Arts in Sequential Art in 2010.

Career
Williams worked primarily on his first web-comic, Lunar Boy Land, while in college from 2003 to 2007. He updated the comic every Monday and Wednesday. He eventually collected Lunar Boy into two graphic novel collections.

Super Pro K.O.!

In 2008, Williams stopped working on Lunar Boy, in order to develop a pro-wrestling comic called Super Pro K.O.!. A pro-wrestling fan from childhood, the comic was a way to challenge if he could draw anything besides Lunar Boy and all-ages types of stories. He wanted to develop a comic devoted to pro-wrestling that also drew upon his own experiences in the comic industry. S.P.K.O. was originally planned to be a web-comic but Williams began to stretch out the concept even further into a graphic novel series. Williams began bringing mini-comics of Super Pro K.O.! to comic conventions on the east and west coasts throughout 2008 and 2009 which eventually got into the hands of Oni Press editors. With Tony Fleecs, Williams co-illustrated all five issues of the Rick and Morty limited series Rick and Morty – Worlds Apart, written by Josh Trujillo and published from February to May 2021.

Style and influences
Williams' style is a hybrid of classic American-based comic storytelling and manga which influenced him during his teenage years.

Williams was hugely influenced by comic books such as Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Williams also sites numerous newspaper comic strips such as Curtis, Peanuts, and Calvin and Hobbes as influences. Manga such as Ranma ½, Sailor Moon, and Dragon Ball also influenced him. Williams also draws inspiration from numerous video games.

Published works
Graphic novels
 Super Pro K.O.! volume 1 (August 2010)
 Super Pro K.O.! volume 2: Chaos in the Cage! (November 2011)
 Super Pro K.O.! volume 3: Gold for Glory! (2013)

 Rick and Morty – Worlds Apart (February–May 2021; illustrator, with Tony Fleecs)

Anthologies
  Yo Gabba Gabba Comic Book Time (vol. 1) (8 page pencils, inks, and letters for a story called "FIND" written by Frank Pittarese and colored by Rico Renzi)
 Yo Gabba Gabba Free Comic Book Time (Free Comic Book Day 2012)

Self Published
 The Lunar Boy vol. 1
 The Lunar Boy vol. 2

References

American comics artists
1984 births
Writers from New Orleans
Artists from New Orleans
African-American writers
American writers
Living people
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American people
Savannah College of Art and Design alumni

Jarrett Williams


Giorgio Stassi (born 22 June 1965, in Palermo) is an Italian scientist.

Biography and his Works

The Graduation
He studied medicine at the University of Palermo and graduated in 1991. The same year, he was awarded the university prize with the special mention for the curriculum vitae and doctoral thesis.
Following his approval as a specialist in Endocrinology in 1996.

The Post-Doctoral Work
He did his post-doctoral work at the Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh (USA) until 1998.

The return in Italy
After his return to Italy, he became Group Leader of the Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory at the University of Palermo.
In October 10th 2003 he has his first daughter Costanza, also known as cocca.
In 2009, he was awarded the 'L'Altra Italia – Vite da Premio', a prize to honor Italian scientific researchers for outstanding achievements.
In 2010 years, he became a pioneer in isolating and characterizing human cancer stem cells from solid tumors and in elucidating their remarkable apoptosis resistance mediated by interleukins.
Professor Stassi was Director of the Cellular and Molecular Oncology Department at the S. Maugeri Foundation, IRCCS, in Pavia, Italy until June 2012.
He has recently identified the role of certain cytokines, most importantly of IL-4, to block apoptosis in cancer cells in an autocrine fashion, i.e. the tumor cell itself provides the apoptosis-inhibitory stimulus by production of IL-4.
They also described the importance of the neutralization of IL-4 in the sensitization of cancer cells and cancer stem cells to conventional chemotherapy.

Honors
Cover Issue in Science, 275: 1997
Cover Issue in Circulation, 98: 1998
Cover Issue in Blood, 93: 1999
Cover Issue in Circulation Research, 85: 1999
Cover Issue in FASEB Journal 18:2004.
Cover Issue in Gastroenterology 138: 2010

Patents
 Sensitizing cells for apoptosis by selectively blocking cytokines. US2006257401 – 2006-11-16.
 Method for the purification and amplification of tumoral stem cells. EP1805299 – 2007-07-11.
 Sensitizing cells for apoptosis by selectively blocking cytokines. EP1592449 – 2005-11-09.
 Antibody specific for Human IL-4 for Treatment of Cancer. WO2007107349 – 2007-09-27.

Research focus
 tumor sensitization by neutralizing IL-4,
 regulation of apoptosis by IL-4,
 characterization and sensitization to chemotherapy of colon and breast cancer stem cells,
 tumorigenic and metastatic properties of cancer stem cells,
 evaluation of molecular targets involved in the survival and differentiation pathways of cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo.

Professional Societies
American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Peer Reviewing
Reviewer for several journals including: Science, Nature Medicine, Journal of Experimental Medicine, Blood, PLoS Medicine, PLoS ONE, Molecular Medicine, Clinical Cancer Research, British Journal of Cancer, Cancer Research, Oncogene, Nature, Cell Death and Differentiation, Journal of Immunology, Journal Clinical Immunology, International Journal of Cancer, Molecular Cancer Research, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Endocrinology, Journal of Endocrinology, Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, JBC, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine.

Ad hoc reviewer for several grants agencies including: European Commission, Medical Research Council of UK, the Israel Science Foundation (ISF), Cancer Research UK. Funding for Scientific Research of Belgium, National Research Agency of France, National Cancer Institute of France, Italian Ministry of Universities and Research, Italian Ministry of Health, Italian National Institute of Health.

References

Scientists from Palermo
Italian oncologists
1965 births
Living people

Giorgio Stassi


Greenhouse is a 1997 album by British pop group Brotherhood of Man.

The album was released independently by the group themselves on cassette only and was available to buy at their shows.  The songs contained included a mix of re-recordings of their own hit singles and cover versions.  It also contained one new track "Greenhouse" - a song recorded a few years earlier in 1991 with Dutch producer Eddy Ouwens, but never released.  The song was later included on the download-only album The Definitive Collection in 2009.  Brotherhood of Man themselves were credited as producers for the rest of the album (member Lee Sheriden had been the group's musical director on their recordings for many years).  The line-up of tracks formed part of their then current live show.

Among the cover versions were the Prince song, "1999", the Beatles' "Got to Get You into My Life" (albeit based on the 1970s hit version by Earth Wind and Fire), Huey Lewis and the News 1987 hit  "Hip to Be Square" and Foreigner's "Juke Box Hero".  The latter of these featured a heavy rock sound that was unusual for Brotherhood of Man, and at over five minutes; the longest song they ever recorded.

Track listing

Side One
 "1999" (Nelson) 4.02
 "Beautiful Lover" (Hiller / Sheriden / Lee) 3.26
 "Angelo" (Hiller / Sheriden / Lee) 3.09
 "Hip to Be Square" (Gibson, Hopper, Lewis) 4.06
 "Got to Get You into My Life" (Lennon–McCartney) 4.10
 "Figaro" (Hiller / Sheriden / Lee) 2.58
Side Two
 "Greenhouse" (Hiller / Blue) 4.08
 "Sweet Rosalie" (Hiller / Sheriden / Lee) 2.36
 "Oh Boy (The Mood I'm In)" (Romeo) 3.19
 "Juke Box Hero" (Gramm / Jones) 5.10
 "Save Your Kisses for Me" (Hiller / Sheriden / Lee) 3.04
 "United We Stand" (Hiller / Simmons) 2.57

References

1997 albums
Brotherhood of Man albums

Greenhouse (Brotherhood of Man album)


CNN Business (formerly CNN Money) is a financial news and information website, operated by CNN. The website was originally formed as a joint venture between CNN.com and Time Warner's Fortune and Money magazines. Since the spin-off of Time Warner's publishing assets as Time Inc. (and their subsequent sale to Meredith Corporation and later, to IAC's Dotdash), the site has since operated as an affiliate of CNN.

History
CNN Money launched in 2001, replacing CNNfn's website. Time Warner had also announced an intention to relaunch the CNNfn television network under the CNN Money moniker, but those plans were apparently scrapped.

Prior to June 2014, the website was operated as a joint venture between CNN and two Time Warner-published business magazines; Fortune and Money. In June 2014, Time Warner's publishing assets were spun-out as Time Inc.; as a result, all three properties launched separate web presences, and CNN Money introduced a new logo that removed the wordmark of Money magazine from its branding. With the re-launch, CNN head Jeff Zucker also promised increased synergies between the website and the CNN channel, such as branded segments and the re-branding of CNN's weekly financial show Your Money as CNNMoney.

In October 2018, CNN re-launched the vertical as CNN Business; the new brand is focused on "digital transformation of business, and how it is disrupting every corner of the global economy". The relaunch came alongside the opening of a new San Francisco bureau. As with CNNMoney, it will be supported by branded segments on CNN television, as well as streaming content.

References

External links

 CNN Business on YouTube

Internet properties established in 2001
Economics websites
CNN

CNN Business


Alexander Susskind ben Moses of Grodno was a kabbalist of the eighteenth century. He died at Grodno in 1794. He wrote "Yesod we-Shoresh ha-'Abodah" (The Essence and Root of Worship), Novydvor, 1782, a work frequently republished. It contains directions for the right use, and comprehension of the ritual, the daily Jewish prayers, and those for the Shabbat and Jewish holidays; also divers exegetical articles on Rashi's commentary on the Nevi'im and Ketuvim, and articles on the Holy Land and the Temple in Jerusalem. He also left an ethical will to his sons, which contains admonitions regarding divine service. This work was published in Grodno in 1794.

References

18th-century writers from the Russian Empire
18th-century male writers
Hebrew-language writers
Jewish non-fiction writers
Kabbalists
Russian male writers
People from Grodno
Place of birth missing
Year of birth missing
1794 deaths

Alexander Süsskind of Grodno


Two ships of the South African Naval Service have borne the name HMSAS Parktown, after the Johannesburg suburb of Parktown, South Africa:

  was a whaler, launched in 1929 as MV Southern Sky, sold in 1936 to become MV Sidney Smith, and requisitioned in 1940 for conversion to a magnetic minesweeper.  She was sunk by German E-boats off Tobruk on 21 June 1942.
  was a whaler, launched in Norway in 1925 as MV Lobito, renamed MV Suderoy (and later MV Suderoy I) before being requisitioned on 3 July 1941 for conversion to a minesweeper.  She was laid up in September 1944 and handed to the Royal Navy in 1946 for disposal.

Ship names

HMSAS Parktown


The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights group.  The SCLC was very important in the Civil Rights Movement.  Martin Luther King, Jr. was its first president.

Today, the SCLC says it is "a nonprofit, non-sectarian, inter-faith, advocacy organization that is committed to nonviolent action to achieve social, economic, and political justice."  This means the group is open to people of all faiths and religions, not just Christians.

Creation
The SCLC was created in 1957, after the Civil Rights Movement's successful Montgomery Bus Boycott.  On January 10, 1957, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. invited about 60 black pastors and leaders to Atlanta, Georgia.  Their goal, at the time, was to end segregation on buses in the Southern United States.  However, they agreed that they would only use non-violent ways of protesting and trying to make change.  Their motto was: "Not one hair on one head of one white person shall be harmed."

About a month later, the group met again in New Orleans, Louisiana.  They decided that their goal would be to end segregation everywhere  not just on buses.  They also chose Dr. King as their president, and chose the name "Southern Christian Leadership Conference."

The SCLC also chose a group of leaders called the Board of Directors to be in charge of making final decisions and planning strategies.  At first, some churches and civil rights organizations joined the SCLC.  However, it was difficult to get churches to join.  Groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the White Citizens' Council used violence and terrorism to attack civil rights activists.  So did the police in many states.  Some churches which joined the SCLC, or did civil rights work, were bombed or set on fire.

Activities

Citizenship Schools

In 1954, civil rights activists started "Citizenship Schools." These schools taught African-American adults to read so they could get driver's licenses; fill out forms; open bank accounts; and pass literacy tests that only black people had to pass to sign up to vote. The program spread across the South.  They called themselves the "Highlander Folk School."

In 1961, the state of Tennessee took the Highlander Folk School's land and property away.  In that year, the SCLC rescued the Citizenship School program.  The Schools' teachers pretended to be teaching adults to read.  Secretly, they were teaching about democracy, civil rights, leadership, getting people together to protest, politics, and protest strategies. All of these things would be very important in the Civil Rights Movement.

Eventually, close to 69,000 teachers taught Citizenship Schools throughout the South.  Most of these teachers were volunteers who were not paid. Many of the Civil Rights Movement's adult leaders went to or taught Citizenship Schools.

Work in the Civil Rights Movement

The SCLC's work in the Civil Rights Movement included:
 Leading a campaign against segregation in Albany, New York (1961-1962)
 Leading a campaign in Birmingham, Alabama, which succeeded in de-segregating its downtown stores (1963)
 Helping to organize the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom (1963)
 Helping to organize a protest march where about 25,000 people walked from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, Alabama to support equal voting rights for African-Americans (1965)
 Running the Poor People's Campaign, whose goal was to decrease poverty among people of all races.  About 3,000 people set up a "tent city" on the Washington Mall, and stayed there for six weeks (1968)
 Ralph Abernathy had to take over this campaign after Dr. King was murdered on April 4, 1968

1968-1997
Ralph Abernathy became the President of the SCLC after Dr. King's murder.  Under his leadership, the SCLC:
 Continued Dr. King's Poor People's Campaign, which united poor people of all races from all over the country (1968)
 The Campaign got the U.S. government to create programs for poor people, including the Food Stamp Program; free meal programs for poor children; and programs for work, child care, and health insurance for poor people
 Protested the Apollo 11 launch, saying that the government was spending so much money on the Space Race that they could be spending to help poor Americans (1969)
 Helped hospital workers in Charleston, South Carolina get better pay and working conditions

Abernathy was President until 1977.  Joseph Lowery replaced him, and was President until 1997.

1997  today

Since 1997, some of the issues the SCLC has worked on include:
 Police brutality (police being violent to people, and hurting or killing them)
 Changing the Georgia state flag, which had a big Confederate cross on it
 After the SCLC's campaign, Georgia did change its state flag
 Racial profiling (assuming something about a person because of their race; for example, assuming a black person is a criminal because they are black)
 Prisoners' rights
 Educating young people and adults about personal responsibility, leadership, and doing things to help their community
 Continuing to fight discrimination
 Supporting affirmative action
 Continuing Dr. King's Poor People' campaign

Related pages
 Civil Rights Movement
 Martin Luther King, Jr.
 Social justice

References

Civil rights organizations based in the United States
20th century in the United States
Martin Luther King Jr.
Nonviolence advocates
1957 establishments in the United States
Organizations based in Georgia (U.S. state)


William Phelps Allis (November 15, 1901 – March 5, 1999) was an American theoretical physicist specializing in electrical discharges in gases.  He was the grandson of Edward P. Allis, founder of the E.P. Allis Company, which became Allis-Chalmers.

Education

Allis majored in school and received his S.B. in 1923 and S.M. in 1924 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).  He was granted his Docteur ès science (Sc.D.) in physics, in 1925, from the University of Nancy, France.  From 1925 to 1929, he was a research associate at MIT.  It was there that he met Philip M. Morse.  Morse, at the suggestion of Karl T. Compton, made arrangements for postdoctoral studies and research with Arnold Sommerfeld at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich in 1930 and at the University of Cambridge in the spring and summer of 1931. Allis went with Morse to Munich and Cambridge.

Career

Upon his return from Europe, Allis was an instructor in physics at MIT from 1931 to 1934.  He joined MIT's physics department faculty in 1934 and was appointed full professor in 1950, a position he held until he became professor emeritus in 1967.

During World War II he worked at the MIT Radiation Laboratory conducting research on magnetron theory.  He then joined the United States Army where he served in the Liaison Office of the Naval Defense Research Committee. He also participated in Operation Alsos. He achieved the rank of lieutenant colonel, and was awarded the Legion of Merit in 1945.

Allis was one of co-founders of the  American Physical Society's Gaseous Electronics Conference, for which he served as chairman from 1949 to 1962.  On leave from MIT for two years, 1962–1964, he served as assistant secretary-general for scientific affairs for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NARUTO).

Allis directed Project Ashby, which was to determine the feasibility of building a nuclear fusion engine.

Honors
1945 – Awarded the Legion of Merit by the United States Army.
1951 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, also Vice President
Elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society

Books
William P. Allis Motions of ions and electrons [MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics. Technical report.] (MIT, 1951)
William P. Allis Electron density distribution in a high frequency discharge in the presence of plasma resonance [MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics. Technical report.] (MIT, 1951)
William P. Allis High-frequency electrical breakdown of gases [MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics. Technical report] (MIT, 1952)
William P. Allis and Melvin A. Herlin Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics (McGraw Hill, 1952)
W. P. Allis, "Motions of Ions and Electrons" in S. Flugge, editor "Handbuch der Physik" (Springer-Verlag, 1956, Berlin)
William P. Allis, editor Nuclear Fusion. (The Second Geneva Series on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy) (Van Nostrand, 1960)
William P. Allis, Solomon J. Buchsbaum and Abraham Bers Waves in Anisotropic Plasmas MIT Press, 1962
Sanborn C. Brown, editor Electrons, Ions, and Waves: Selected Works of William Phelps Allis (MIT, 1967)
George Bekefi Principles of Laser Plasmas (John Wiley, 1976). Contribution by William P. Allis: The Application of Electron Upflux to the Calculation of Excitation Frequencies in Glow Discharges pp235–256.

References

 Philip M. Morse In at the Beginnings: A Physicists Life (MIT Press, second printing 1978)

Notes

External links

1901 births
1999 deaths
People from Menton
20th-century American physicists
French emigrants to the United States
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
University of Lorraine alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science faculty
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Nancy-Université alumni
United States Army colonels
Fellows of the American Physical Society
American expatriates in Germany

William Allis


The grivna was a currency as well as a measure of weight used in Kievan Rus' and other states in Eastern Europe from the 11th century.

Early history
As its etymology implies the word originally meant a necklace or a torque. The reason why it has taken the meaning of a unit of weight is unclear. The grivnas that have been found at various archaeological sites are not necklaces but bullions of precious metals, usually silver. The weight and the shape of grivnas were not uniform, but varied by region. The grivnas of Novgorod and Pskov were thin long round-edged or three-edged ingots, while Kievan grivnas have rather the shape of a prolonged rhombus. The material was either gold or silver, but silver was predominant. Originally the weight of a grivna was close to the Roman or Byzantine pound. The weight of the Kievan grivna was around 140–165 g (0.309–0.364 lb). The Novgorod grivna had the weight 204 grams (0.450 lb) and became the basis for monetary systems in northeastern Rus', including the emerging Grand Duchy of Moscow.

References

Currency of Europe
11th century in Europe

Grivna


Agents and Patients is the fourth novel by the English writer Anthony Powell.  It combines two of the aspects of 1930s life, film and psychoanalysis.  In what Powell himself has acknowledged is a roman a clef of sorts (Anthony Powell, Journals 1987-1989, 121), a comically critical eye is cast across entre deux guerres society and its often self-indulgent, usually unsatisfied quest for contentment.

Published in 1936, the novel reflects some of Powell's recent experience scriptwriting for Warners in London.  The epigraph from John Wesley which gives the novel its title distinguishes between actors and those acted upon, equating freedom with the condition of 'agency.'  Powell's fourth novel illustrates the painstaking, sometimes painful, process by which one young man recognizes the truth of Wesley's assertion in his own life, thereby, perhaps, reaching a change in his status as the novel ends.

As is usual in Powell's fiction, the settings are often restaurants, parties, and private apartments (though a Berlin film studio also figures significantly), with social behaviour in such surroundings the sustained focus of comically critical and detailed attention.  Of Powell's pre-war novels, Agents and Patients is most insistently focused on the questions of what one wants from life and how one might recognize moments when such desires have been achieved, even when the results are unexpected.  The novel continues Powell's evolution of the style and technique he will employ in A Dance to the Music of Time.

It is dedicated to Violet Georgiana, Lady Violet Powell, née Pakenham, wife of Anthony Powell.

Plot summary

Blore-Smith, a young Londoner with more money than sense, feels himself to be living a dull life.  A chance meeting with Peter Maltravers (an aspiring filmmaker) and Oliver Chipchase (an amateur psychologist) sends Blore-Smith on a voyage, ostensibly of self-discovery, during which he is analyzed by Chipchase and becomes a patron of the arts by funding a Maltravers film.  The "two knaves" bring Blore-Smith to art galleries, to restaurants, to Paris—at each stage extracting both money and entertainment from their 'patient'.

Blore-Smith falls in love with Maltravers' wife, Sarah (a motoring enthusiast), becomes entangled with Mrs Mendoza (Mendie), whose flower shop, la cattleya, evokes Proust, and eventually travels with Maltravers and Chipchase to Berlin, where he observes first-hand the workings of the cinema.  A film is being prepared with several different endings, each catering to the self-perception of the nation in which it will be shown.  The novel returns to a country estate for its conclusion.

The end of Blore-Smith's saga is ambiguous: perhaps he has gained something valuable from his experiences; perhaps he has not yet reached the point of intellectual development at which he can recognize his gains.  The novel remains Burtonesque, clearly showing that the persistent belief that life does have something else to offer, no matter what one may currently have, is the essence of melancholy.

Agents and Patients has been praised for its masterful irony.

References

 Anthony Powell website

1936 British novels
Novels by Anthony Powell
Gerald Duckworth and Company books
Novels about psychoanalysis

Agents and Patients


Peter Frechette ( ; born October 3, 1956) is an American actor. He is a stage actor with two Tony Award nominations for Eastern Standard and Our Country's Good, and frequently stars in the plays of Richard Greenberg. He is well known on TV for playing hacker George on the NBC series Profiler and Peter Montefiore on Thirtysomething. In film, he is known for playing T-Bird Louis DiMucci in the musical Grease 2.

Early life
Raised in Coventry, Rhode Island, Frechette is the youngest of five children. His father was an efficiency expert and his mother a nurse. Frechette earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Theater from the University of Rhode Island.

Theater

Frechette first appeared on the professional stage at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe as part of the Rhode Island Summer Ensemble, starring with Chel Chenier in the comedy Pontifications on Puberty and Pigtails in 1979.

He received high praise in 1981 for his work in two different productions of Harry Ruby's Songs My Mother Never Sang. The same year he starred in the one-act Off-Broadway production of In Cahoots, part of the Three Hopefuls MARATHON (featuring two other one-act productions). He left to work in Los Angeles, but returned in 1984 to star in Bob Merrill's Musical We're Home, and again in 1987's revised production of Flora the Red Menace (he also recorded songs for the cast album).

In 1988, he returned to live in New York City to take the lead role of Drew Paley in the Off-Broadway production of Eastern Standard by Richard Greenberg, costarring Patricia Clarkson, Dylan Baker, and Kevin Conroy. The show transferred to Broadway in December 1989 and he remained in the cast throughout the run despite filming the television series Dream Street simultaneously in New Jersey (he filmed every day and performed every night for three months).

Frechette earned the Drama Desk Award, Outer Critics Circle Award and Theatre World Award for best actor, and was nominated for a Tony Award. The same year, he starred in The American Place Theatre's Off-Broadway production of Hyde in Hollywood (he would return to the role of communist screenwriter Jake Singer for a television version of the play two years later).

In 1991, he starred opposite Cherry Jones in Our Country's Good, which resulted in a second Tony nomination for best actor. The same year he co-starred in Absent Friends as grief-stricken Colin. In 1992, he appeared in Bob Merrill's last Broadway musical (and cast recording) of Hannah...1939 and Larry Kramer's autobiographical The Destiny of Me. He also appeared on Broadway in the original productions of Any Given Day (1993) and The Play's the Thing (1995), as well as the 2005 revival of The Odd Couple as Roy (and understudy for Matthew Broderick's Felix Unger).

He's appeared at the Roundabout Theatre in three productions: The Play's the Thing (1995), Hurrah at Last (1999) and The Dazzle (2002). For The Dazzle, he and Reg Rogers were both nominated for Drama League Award for Distinguished Performance and Lucille Lortel Award for Best Actor (Rogers won); the two shared the Obie Award for best actor for their performances as the co-dependent Collier Brothers. They originated the show in 2000 at the New York Stage and Film at Vassar College's Powerhouse Theater.

Frechette was part of the west to east coast transfer of Hurrah at Last, in the role of Laurie. He earned the Backstage West Garland Award in 1998 for his performance produced by the South Coast Repertory. He also appeared in their productions of Night and Her Stars and The Extra Man. In 2016, he returned to the theater company in the role of Joseph II in Amadeus.

Frechette was a member of the resident ensemble at the Oregon Shakespeare Festival for five years (2011–15). He has also worked with national regional companies including the Seattle Repertory Theatre, Berkeley Repertory Theatre, George Street Playhouse, Cape Playhouse,  The Old Globe, La Jolla Playhouse, Mark Taper Forum, Berkshire Playhouse, and the Pasadena Playhouse as an actor and instructor since leaving New York City.

Frechette is a founding member of the New York theater company The Drama Department (along with David Warren, Cynthia Nixon, Patricia Clarkson, Hope Davis, John Slattery, Michael Rosenberg and John Cameron Mitchell).

Film and television
Frechette's made his film debut in Grease 2 (1982) as T-Bird Louis DiMucci. He appeared on the film's soundtrack (including a solo version of 'Let's Do It For Our Country', a satirical duet ballad he performed with Maureen Teefy in the film). He went on to appear in the pilot of Voyagers! (as Eddie Rickenbacker).

He appeared in two episodes of The Facts of Life which served as backdoor pilots for a series about an all-boys military academy. The would-be series would have starred Jimmy Baio with Frechette as the primary antagonist, but it was not picked up to series. He continued appearing in films, mostly horror films including The Hills Have Eyes Part II (1984), The Kindred (1987), The Unholy (1988) and Paint it Black (1989).

He had a large role in the 1984 comedy No Small Affair as Jon Cryer's older brother. He made guest appearances on Taxi, The Renegades, Hill Street Blues, Hotel, It's a Living, Cagney & Lacey, Matlock, and, most notably, in two episodes of L.A. Law as Christopher Appleton, an HIV-positive gay man who claimed to have killed his lover as an act of mercy because he was dying from AIDS.

Frechette was cast as one of the three leads of 1989's Dream Street, the unofficial blue-collar spin-off of Thirtysomething (it lasted 6 episodes, airing as a mid-season replacement). In November 1989, Frechette guest-starred in the Thirtysomething episode "Strangers" (season 3, episode 6), as Peter Montefiore, a man who goes on a date with recurring character Russell Weller (David Marshall Grant). Frechette and Weller appeared in bed, seemingly naked after having had sexual relations following a first date, generating controversy. A number of advertisers refused to run commercials during the broadcast, and ABC opted not to air the episode again during summer reruns (it has since returned to the syndication schedule and was released in the season three DVD box set).

Frechette was nominated for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Drama Series for his performance. He returned for three more episodes of Thirtysomething in season 4, a small appearance in "The Haunting of DAA" and as part of the inner-circle of friends in the episodes "New Year's Eve" and "Closing the Circle".

The same year he appeared in the first season of Law & Order as Jack Curry in 'The Reaper's Helper", an HIV positive man committing "mercy killings" for others diagnosed with AIDS. He would appear in two more episodes of Law & Order (and one episode of Law & Order: Criminal Intent). In 1992, he had a recurring role in the first season of Picket Fences.

In 1993. he co-starred in the critically acclaimed Barbarians at the Gate. The following year, he starred in the Lifetime film Against Her Will: The Carrie Buck Story. In 1996 he appeared in the pilot for the NBC series Profiler as computer expert/hacker George Fraley. Between shooting the pilot and being picked up, the producers made his character a regular and would remain on the show throughout the entire run.

In 2006, he took on the substantial role of bank manager Peter Hammond in Spike Lee's heist film Inside Man. He also appeared in small roles in various films, including The First Wives Club and Miracle at St. Anna. In 2016, he appeared as a high-powered divorce attorney on the television series Devious Maids.

Personal life
Frechette's partner since 1988 is director David Warren. They married in 2017.

Filmography

Film

Television

Theatre credits

References

External links

1956 births
Living people
Male actors from Rhode Island
American male stage actors
American male television actors
American male film actors
American gay actors
Drama Desk Award winners
People from Warwick, Rhode Island
LGBT people from Rhode Island
University of Rhode Island alumni

Peter Frechette


In quantum mechanics, the  rectangular (or, at times, square) potential barrier is a standard one-dimensional problem that demonstrates the phenomena of wave-mechanical tunneling (also called "quantum tunneling") and wave-mechanical reflection. The problem consists of solving the one-dimensional time-independent Schrödinger equation for a particle encountering a rectangular potential energy barrier. It is usually assumed, as here, that a free particle impinges on the barrier from the left.

Although classically a particle behaving as a point mass would be reflected if its energy is less than  a particle actually behaving as a matter wave has a non-zero probability of penetrating the barrier and continuing its travel as a wave on the other side. In classical wave-physics, this effect is known as evanescent wave coupling.  The likelihood that the particle will pass through the barrier is given by the transmission coefficient, whereas the likelihood that it is reflected is given by the reflection coefficient.  Schrödinger's wave-equation allows these coefficients to be calculated.

Calculation

The time-independent Schrödinger equation for the wave function  reads

where  is the Hamiltonian,  is the (reduced)
Planck constant,  is the mass,   the energy of the particle and

is the barrier potential with height  and width .
is the Heaviside step function, i.e.,

The barrier is positioned between  and . The barrier can be shifted to any  position without changing the results. The first term in the Hamiltonian,  is the kinetic energy.

The barrier divides the space in three parts (). In any of these parts, the potential is constant, meaning that the particle is quasi-free, and the solution of the Schrödinger equation can be written as a superposition of left and right moving waves (see free particle). If

where the wave numbers are related to the energy via

The index  on the coefficients  and  denotes the direction of the velocity vector. Note that, if the energy of the particle is below the barrier height,  becomes imaginary and the wave function is exponentially decaying within the barrier. Nevertheless, we keep the notation  even though the waves are not propagating anymore in this case. Here we assumed . The case  is treated below.

The coefficients  have to be found from the boundary conditions of the wave function at  and . The wave function and its derivative have to be continuous everywhere, so

Inserting the wave functions, the boundary conditions give the following restrictions on the coefficients

Transmission and reflection
At this point, it is instructive to compare the situation to the classical case. In both cases, the particle behaves as a free particle outside of the barrier region. A classical particle with energy  larger than the barrier height  would always pass the barrier, and a classical particle with  incident on the barrier would always get reflected.

To study the quantum case, consider the following situation: a particle incident on the barrier from the left side  It may be reflected  or transmitted

To find the amplitudes for reflection and transmission for incidence from the left, we put in the above equations  (incoming particle),  (reflection),  (no incoming particle from the right), and  (transmission). We then eliminate the coefficients  from the equation and solve for  and

The result is:

Due to the mirror symmetry of the model, the amplitudes for incidence from the right are the same as those from the left. Note that these expressions hold for any energy   If  then  so there is a singularity in both of these expressions.

Analysis of the obtained expressions

E < V0

The surprising result is that for energies less than the barrier height,  there is a non-zero probability

for the particle to be transmitted through the barrier, with  This effect, which differs from the classical case, is called quantum tunneling. The transmission is exponentially suppressed with the barrier width, which can be understood from the functional form of the wave function: Outside of the barrier it oscillates with wave vector  whereas within the barrier it is exponentially damped over a distance  If the barrier is much wider than this decay length, the left and right part are virtually independent and tunneling as a consequence is suppressed.

E > V0

In this case

where

Equally surprising is that for energies larger than the barrier height, , the particle may be reflected from the barrier with a non-zero probability

The transmission and reflection probabilities are in fact oscillating with . The classical result of perfect transmission without any reflection (, ) is reproduced not only in the limit of high energy  but also when the energy and barrier width satisfy , where  (see peaks near  and 1.8 in the above figure).  Note that the probabilities and amplitudes as written are for any energy (above/below) the barrier height.

E = V0
The transmission probability at  is

This expression can be obtained by calculating the transmission coefficient from the constants stated above as for the other cases or by taking the limit of  as  approaches . For this purpose the ratio

is defined, which is used in the function :

In the last equation  is defined as follows:

These definitions can be inserted in the expression for  which was obtained for the case .

Now, when calculating the limit of  as x approaches 1 (using L'Hôpital's rule),

also the limit of  as  approaches 1 can be obtained:

By plugging in the above expression for  in the evaluated value for the limit, the above expression for T is successfully reproduced.

Remarks and applications
The calculation presented above may at first seem unrealistic and hardly useful. However it has proved to be a suitable model for a variety of real-life systems. One such example are interfaces between two conducting materials. In the bulk of the materials, the motion of the electrons is quasi-free and can be described by the kinetic term in the above Hamiltonian with an effective mass . Often the surfaces of such materials are covered with oxide layers or are not ideal for other reasons. This thin, non-conducting layer may then be modeled by a barrier potential as above. Electrons may then tunnel from one material to the other giving rise to a current.

The operation of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) relies on this tunneling effect. In that case, the barrier is due to the gap between the tip of the STM and the underlying object. Since the tunnel current depends exponentially on the barrier width, this device is extremely sensitive to height variations on the examined sample.

The above model is one-dimensional, while space is three-dimensional. One should solve the Schrödinger equation in three dimensions. On the other hand, many systems only change along one coordinate direction and are translationally invariant along the others; they are separable. The Schrödinger equation may then be reduced to the case considered here by an ansatz for the wave function of the type: .

For another, related model of a barrier, see Delta potential barrier (QM), which can be regarded as a special case of the finite potential barrier. All results from this article immediately apply to the delta potential barrier by taking the limits  while keeping  constant.

See also
Morse/Long-range potential
Step potential
Finite potential well

References

Quantum models
Scattering theory
Schrödinger equation
Quantum mechanical potentials

Rectangular potential barrier


Decadência is a 1995 Brazilian miniseries produced and displayed by Rede Globo between September 5 and September 22, 1995, in a total of 12 chapters.

Written by Dias Gomes, it was freely inspired by a novel of the author himself, it counted in general direction and supervision of Roberto Farias and Ignácio Coqueiro.

The main characters are played by Edson Celulari and Adriana Esteves.

Plot
The miniseries shows the decline of a conservative and once-powerful Carioca family, the Tavares Branco, in the period from 1984 to 1992. Following the death of Tancredo Neves to the election and downfall of President Fernando Collor, the Tavares Branco are failing and revealing their moral and financial problems.

The plot begins in 1970 with the judge Tavares Branco accepting a priest's request to raise an orphan boy, Mariel, who stays under the care of maid Jandira. Mariel grows and becomes the family driver, but ends up getting involved with Carla, the youngest of the house, and is expelled from the mansion, accused of rape.

Time passes, and Mariel finds Jandira, who has always had a love for the former driver. She takes him to a cult in a Neo-Pentecostalism church, and Mariel finds salvation in her church for his problems. Five years later, he becomes a millionaire after founding his own church, the Temple of the Divine Flame, while his former masters impoverish. But the same feelings of the past continue to connect Mariel's new life to the universe of the Tavares Branco: the passion for Carla and the desire for revenge.

Although they love each other, Mariel and Carla have different ideals of life: he intends to grow more and more with their churches, and she, quite politicized, elect of the PT, does not agree with her unethical way of acting.

Cast

Special participation

Introducing

Guest actors

Repercussion
Decadência caused a great controversy with a religious preaching of Mariel, character of Edson Celulari, who found a quote from the spiritual leader of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God, Bishop Edir Macedo.

The miniseries provoked a revolt of the spiritual leader. At the time of its screening, in September 1995, a Rede Globo was in "war" with a Church, having shown several reports against the leader of the church weeks before the miniseries debut. How strong scenes of the miniseries were considered as a provocation and a blasphemy to the evangelical faith. In an episode of the miniseries, during a sex scene, a bra was thrown over the Bible.

References

External links

Brazilian television miniseries
TV Globo telenovelas
1995 Brazilian television series debuts
1995 Brazilian television series endings

Decadência


Dortmund-Lütgendortmund station is a single-track, underground terminal station in the city of Dortmund in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The platform is accessible by stairs, escalator or lift. It was opened in 1993 at the end of an extension of Line S 4 trains of the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn. Trains reverse here in order to return to Unna station. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station.

History
The station was built as part of the extension of a fragment of the Rhenish Railway Company's Ruhr line, which opened in 1874. Line S 4 services commenced operation to the station on 23 May 1993. The nearest bus stop had been called Lütgendortmunder Markt, but it was renamed Dortmund Lütgendortmund S-Bahn station.

Extension of the S 4 line from its current western end in the tunnel at Dortmund-Lütgendortmund was formerly planned to be implemented with a target of opening it in 2015. This would have included an extension of the single-track tunnel to the immediate south of Dortmund-Bövinghausen station. The S 4 would run from there to Herne on the Duisburg-Ruhrort–Dortmund railway (the Emscher Valley Railway of the Cologne-Minden Railway Company) and there take over the Herne–Essen branch of the current S 2 line. The Emschertal-Bahn (RB 43) Regionalbahn service would only operate between Herne and Dorsten. The eastern section of the Emscher Valley Railway between Dortmund-Bövinghausen and Dortmund Hauptbahnhof would be used by a new line of the Dortmund Stadtbahn. For a long time funds have been available for the construction of the line to Bövinghausen, however, the financing for the operation of the line is not guaranteed. The Emschertal-Bahn runs between Dortmund-Bövinghausen and Herne every hour, but the S4 would run between Herne and Essen every twenty minutes as an S-Bahn service, so the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr would have to fund the increased services through savings in other areas. Upon taking office, the transport minister Oliver Wittke called for all such proposals to be re-evaluated. The line extension has been removed from the integrated transportation plan for North Rhine-Westphalia; a resubmission is possible from 2015.

Lütgendortmund has other railway stations. The former Lütgendortmund station at the district border with Marten and Kley is now called Dortmund-Germania, after the former Germania colliery. There is also Dortmund Lütgendortmund Nord station on the Duisburg-Ruhrort–Dortmund line.

Rail services

The station is served by S 4 services between Lütgendortmund and Unna via Dortmund Stadthaus and Dortmund-Dorstfeld at 30-minute intervals (15-minute intervals in the peak between Dortmund-Lütgendortmund and ).

It is also served by four bus routes operated by BOGESTRA: 336 (at 20-minute intervals), 369 (30), 370 (60) and 378 (20) and four operated by Dortmunder Stadtwerke: 462 (20), 463 (60), 464 (30) and 470 (20).

References

Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn stations
S4 (Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn)
Railway stations in Dortmund
Railway stations in Germany opened in 1993

Dortmund-Lütgendortmund station


Klaus Bechgaard (5 March 1945 – 7 March 2017) was a Danish scientist and chemist, noted for being one of the first scientists in the world to synthesize a number of organic charge transfer complexes and demonstrate their superconductivity, therefore the name Bechgaard salt. These salts all exhibit superconductivity at low temperatures.

The first unconventional superconductor composed of organic material, was discovered by Bechgaard and  Denis Jerome in 1979. This discovery garnered attention in the international scientific community, and for a period he was one of the most cited scientists in the field of natural sciences. He also received a nomination for the Nobel Prize in chemistry for this discovery.

Research
Klaus Bechgaard did research at the University of Copenhagen, where he also held a Professorship in organic chemistry until 1993. From 1993 until 2000 he was the chairman of the Department of Physics and Chemistry at Risø and in 2001 he was appointed head of the newly assigned Department of Polymer Research at Risø. From 2001 and onwards he was the head of Risø's nano technology programme, and The Danish Center of Polymers which is a joint venture between the Technical University of Copenhagen and Risø.

Bechgaard also conducted research in the field of polymers and nano technology at the University of Copenhagen.

Career and achievements

Education:

 1969: Cand scient. Organic Chemistry, University of Copenhagen
 1973: Lic.Scient. (Chemistry), University of Copenhagen.

Academic Appointments:

 1974–1984: Lecturer at the University of Copenhagen.
 1984–1989: Research Professor at the University of Copenhagen
 1989–1993: Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen.
 1993–2000: Head of the Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Chemistry. Risø
 2001–2003: In charge of the Interdisciplinary Nanotechnology Programme, Risø
 2001–2003: Temporary Head of The Danish Polymer Centre and the Polymer Department Risø
 2004–2017: Professor of Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen (May 2004 – March 2017). Deputy Head of Department

Other:

 2004: A. J. Heeger Endowed Chair, UCSB, Santa Barbara

Honours:

 1983: Elected member of the Danish Academy of Natural Sciences
 1984: Elected member of the Royal Danish Academy.
 2002: Elected member of the French Academy of Sciences

Publications:

 Approximately 370 peer reviewed papers in Chemistry and Solid State Physics, 7 patents

Awards:

 1981: The HN-prize
 1986: The B.S. Friedmann-prize, University of California
 1987: The Director Ib Henriksen's Foundation Research award
 1990: The Macintosh Research award
 1991: EPS Europhysics Prize
 1991: The Hewlett Packard Europhysics prize
 1997: The NKT scientific prize
 2000: The EU Descartes prize
 2008: The Hartmann Foundation memorial prize

See also
 Bechgaard salt
 Unconventional superconductor
 Organic superconductor
 Van Hove singularity
 Tetrathiafulvalene
 Tetracyanoethylene
 Solid-state chemistry

References

 People, ideas, entrepreneurship & innovation.http://www.tmp.ucsb.edu/extracurricular/on_the_edge.html
 D. Jérome, A. Mazaud, M. Ribault, K. Bechgaard, Superconductivity in a synthetic organic conductor: (TMTSF)2PF6], J. Phys. Lett. (Paris) 41, L95 (1980).
 K. Bechgaard, K. Carneiro, M. Olsen, F. Rasmussen and C.S. Jacobsen, Zero-pressure organic superconductor: di-(tetramethyltetraselenafulvalenium)-perchlorate [(TMTSF)2ClO4], Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 852 (1981).

1945 births
2017 deaths
Danish scientists
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Solid state chemists
Scientists from Copenhagen
Academic staff of the University of Copenhagen

Klaus Bechgaard


Viriato Clemente da Cruz, an Angolan poet and politician, was born in 1928 in Kikuvo (Porto Amboim), Angola and died in Beijing, China on 13 June 1973.

He is considered one of the most important Angolan poets of his time. He wrote poems in Portuguese and Angolan languages. He took part in the fight to free Angola from Portuguese rulers.

Political work
He was educated in Luanda, the capital of Angola, which was then ruled by Portugal. As a young man in 1957 he went to Paris, where he met Mario Pinto de Andrade, another Angolan poet and politician, who helped with his political ideas. In the 1960s they helped create the group called the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA—from the Portuguese name ).

The MPLA was in not in Angola at this time, but was first in Conakry (the capital of Guinea) and then later in Leopoldville, Congo (now Kinshasa the capital of the DRC). Viriato da Cruz became secretary-general of the MPLA. After some time he and others, did not agree with some people in the group and this led to fighting in the streets of Leopoldville.

Exiled in China
Viriato da Cruz went to Beijing, China in the 1960s because of the fighting in the MPLA. At first, the Chinese government welcomed him. He was well known because he had helped create the MPLA. The Chinese wanted Viriato da Cruz to help them bring Maoist socialism to Africa.

This was a big problem for Viriato and his family. His ideas were not the same as the Maoists. He thought that stronger countries can not bring a socialist revolution to other places. He was very brave and did not change his ideas. This was against the Chinese Maoist idea of world revolution.

Viriato da Cruz wanted to leave China and return to Africa, but the Chinese government would not let him go and they were not good to him. This may be because he could have made trouble for their work in Africa.

Last years of life
The last years of the life of Viriato da Cruz were unhappy and difficult. He was weak, without much food, and he died on 13 Jun 1973. His dead body was taken away in a military vehicle and his burial was without any ceremony.

Some Angolan people think that this was shocking, because Viriato da Cruz worked hard for Angola and was one of the leaders of the liberation from Portugal.

Principal books
Poems (1961). Among these poems, Namoro, Sô Santo and Makézu are well-known.

1928 births
1973 deaths
Poets
Angolan politicians

Viriato Clemente da Cruz


The Shoalhaven Tigers are a local basketball association based on the New South Wales south coast. Teams currently compete in the New South Wales State Basketball League, Southern Junior Leagues, NSW Country Championships and Barrengarry Conference.  Despite being a small association in numbers, the Tigers have produced several players who have played NCAA, NBL and WNBL. Some of these players have also represented Australia at various junior levels and higher.

History
2008 marked the 50th anniversary of basketball in the Shoalhaven. Originally played on outdoor courts at Nowra High School and in disused aircraft hangars at HMAS Albatross, basketball has been a major sport in the region for many years. The Tigers have consistently played above expectations, and in 2007 the State League Women's team completed a perfect season winning the New South Wales State Basketball League championship 17-0.

See also

References

Basketball teams established in 1958
1958 establishments in Australia
Basketball teams in New South Wales

Shoalhaven Tigers