Lucia Visconti ( 1380 – 14 April 1424) was a Milanese aristocrat who was the Countess of Kent by marriage from 1407 to 1424. She was one of fifteen legitimate children of Bernabò Visconti, who, along with his brother Galeazzo, was Lord of Milan. Her father negotiated for his infant daughter to marry Louis II of Anjou but Bernabò was deposed and the negotiations dropped. As a teenager, it was then intended that she marry the English noble Henry Bolingbroke, whom she had met as a girl, but after he was banished to France, the marriage negotiations were suspended. She was briefly wedded in 1399 to Frederick IV of Thuringia, the son of Landgrave Balthasar, before the marriage was annulled.

In 1407 she married Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent; there were no children. The relationship was troubled, as Edmund had had an affair shortly before the wedding, and a daughter from that relationship was born after they were married. In September 1408, Edmund was killed in battle. HenryIV guaranteed Visconti a third of the income from her portion of her husband's lands in England, but for the rest of her life she was constantly affected by money problems, as the dowry promised by her family upon her marriage was never paid: reprisals taken against Milanese merchants in London in 1464 and 1489 were probably both related to the unpaid dowry.

Lucia died in 1424 and was buried in Austin Friars, London.

Early life

Lucia Visconti was born in Milan in 1380 to Bernabò Visconti, Lord of Milan (ruling jointly with his brother GaleazzoII), and Beatrice Regina della Scala, one of fifteen legitimate children. As was typical of girls born to noble families, she and her nine sisters were expected to marry members of other noble families to form or strengthen alliances. Her sisters Valentina and Anglesia, became Queens of Cyprus, and another sister Caterina married their cousin Gian Galeazzo (son of GaleazzoII), who became the first Duke of Milan.

Marriage arrangements
Between 1382 and 1384, Bernabò actively sought marriage negotiations for his infant daughter with LouisII, the Duke of Anjou and the future King of Naples. A marriage would have cemented Visconti's future as Queen of Sicily. Bernabò remained in close contact with Marie of Blois, widow of LouisI, attempting to come to terms on a marriage contract. At the time, there was discord in the Visconti family. Gian Galeazzo, who succeeded his father in 1378, saw the impending marriage as a threatan alliance which would enhance his uncle's position in the family at the expense of his own. In the spring of 1385, Bernabò was deposed and taken prisoner by his nephew. The marriage contract between LouisII and Lucia Visconti was cancelled and upon Bernabò's death in December 1385, Gian Galeazzo became the sole ruler of Milan, giving him the authority to determine whom Lucia Visconti was to wed.

The most notable potential suitor lined up for Visconti was Henry, the Duke of Lancaster (the future King HenryIV of England), who visited Milan in 1393 and had captured her imagination. In 1399, when arrangements between the two of them were being discussed, Henrywhose first wife died in 1394was banished to France for ten years by King RichardII and had his lands taken. For Gian Galeazzo, political security came first and foremost and as such, he put the negotiations on hold, insisting that Henry return to favour at court before any further talks could proceed. Visconti was smitten with Henry and told her sister Caterina that if she could be sure of marrying him, she would wait for Henry "to the very end of her life, even if she knew that she would die three days after the marriage".

Later that year, Henry returned to England and overthrew Richard with the help of the King of France, but the marriage negotiations never resumed.

Instead, Gian Galeazzo offered Visconti to Frederick, son of the landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia, and they were married in 1399, but the marriage was never consummated and she was able to obtain an annulment on the grounds that she was forced into it. A musical piece entitled Più chiar che'l sol by Antonello da Caserta is believed to have been written for the wedding.

Edmund Holland

Gian Galeazzo's death in 1402 eliminated the possibility of any future political marriage for Visconti. Meanwhile, Henry remarried in 1403, but had not forgotten her. He arranged for her to marry Edmund Holland, 4th Earl of Kent, a favourite soldier of his who had fought at the Battle of Shrewsbury. In 1405, Edmund had defended Henry's son in battle which helped solidify his exemplary prominence. In May 1406, a marriage contract was drawn up for the two of them, which called for a dowry of 70,000 florins of which 12,000 were to be paid on consummation of the marriage, followed by annual payments of 8,285 florins until the total amount was paid, which was likely an attraction for Holland as he had great debts resulting from the military support expected of him by Henry and having to support several dowager countesses.

The wedding took place on 24 January 1407 at St. Mary Overy in Southwark, making Visconti the Countess of Kent. A record of their marriage was published in 1827 by the English antiquary Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, in his A Chronicle of London, 1089–1483. At the wedding ceremony, it was Henry who gave Visconti away. However, the marriage between the newlywed couple was off to a rocky start. To preface, in 1406, Edmund had had a liaison with Constance of York and the following year, Constance gave birth to Edmund's illegitimate daughter, Eleanor. There is no surviving documentation that indicates Visconti's reaction to either of them, but Edmund's sisters noted that Constance was not an obstacle in their brother's marriage.

In May 1408, Lucia was granted a letter of denization. In September 1408, Visconti was widowed when Edmund was killed in battle in Brittany. The couple did not have any children.

Widowhood
Unlike other widows of her time, Visconti was not made to return to her family's home, but was rather able to make a life out of what she had. More specifically, she used her title as the Countess of Kent to her benefit. Since her husband left her with little money (the dowry had not yet been paid), she was to deal with his major debt. She decided to follow in the footsteps of her half-sister Donnina (who had married John Hawkwood, an English soldier) by approaching Henry for financial aid. Henry granted her one-third of the income of her portion of her late husband's land (which was one-fifth of the estate; the remainder was divided among his four sisters), with the remainder used to pay his creditors. This was not enough to balance the accounts, and Visconti petitioned Parliament for letters of marque that would compel Milan to pay the dowry. However, Milan had its own financial problems after Gian Galeazzo's death and payment never came. She petitioned Parliament a second time for debt relief, promising a portion of the dowry to Edmund's creditors.

However, the cost of maintaining her estates was too great, and by July 1421, Visconti was residing at the medieval Holy Trinity Minories (she may have been there as early as September 1411), which was similar to a nunnery but was also known as a place where women of high status and money would live together. It is believed that she lived in a townhouse built in 1352 by Elizabeth de Burgh, which had a reputation for housing women who were in tenuous political circumstances. Here, she lived a comfortable and well-kept life, but she was also engaged in business, being listed as an exporter of goods to Italy in 1423.

Visconti's will bequeathed a portion of her unpaid dowry to various English nobles and other Italian immigrants, with the remainder (along with personal items) going to her steward, some ladies-in-waiting, her fool, and various religious institutions in Milan and England, including St. Mary Overy, Bourne Abbey in Lincolnshire (where Edmund was buried), and the Minoresses from Holy Trinity, but all of the recipients were equally unable to obtain the money from Milan. The bequests to religious recipients came with conditions to pray for herself and Edmund's souls.

She died on 14 April 1424 and was buried in Austin Friars, London, which was a popular resting place for London's Italian immigrants. Her epitaph, written in Latin, focuses on her charm and beauty, her family and Milanese heritage, and does not mention her husband at all. It is preserved in a 16th-century document held in the British Museum, although the last part of it is untranslatable.

Legacy
As her dowry was never paid, the claims against it continued long after her death. Reprisals taken against Milanese merchants in London in 1464 to recover this sum were probably related to the dowry, and these grew to be so debilitating that the merchants were forced to stop trading with England in 1471, prompting Galeazzo Maria Sforza, the Duke of Milan, to ask his envoy in England to plead for relief. In 1486, a letter to the new Duke of Milan, Gian Galeazzo Sforza, demanded payment of the dowry. The Duke claimed to be unaware of such a debt at first, and three years later, ultimately declined the request as no documentation had been provided. Further reprisals took place in England in 1489, but the Duke was able to convince Henry to put a stop to them. However, Emperor FrederickIII issued separate letters of marque in 1490, which enabled English agents to detain Milanese traders on the Rhine. Even though Visconti's will was finally produced, the Duke declared it to be a fraud. Eventually, King HenryVII ordered that efforts to enforce the dowry be dropped.

Notes

References

Citations

Sources

Further reading

External links
 Kent, Lucia [Visconti], Countess of, who was the wife of Edmund [Holand], late Earl of (documents held at the National Archives)

1380 births
1424 deaths
14th-century Italian nobility
14th-century Italian women
15th-century Italian women
Kent
Lucia
Lucia
Italian emigrants to England
Wives of knights

Lucia Visconti


Fairview is a heritage-listed house at 15 Porter's Lane, Maleny, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed and built in 1907 by the Pattemore family. It is also known as Armstrong's House and Pattemore House. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 September 2003.

History
Fairview is a lowset, four-roomed timber dwelling under the core with four rooms under the stepped-down surrounding verandahs. It was constructed of beech (Nothofagus sp.) cut, pit sawn and dressed on the property, for John Robert and Emily Pattemore in 1907.

Aboriginals had long known the Maleny district, on the Blackall Range behind Nambour, as an area where the important Bunya Pine (Araucaria bidwilli) grew. The first Europeans to live in the district were transient timber getters who heard from local Aborigines of the huge red cedar (Toona australis) trees on the Blackall Range. While timber was cut, it was not always shifted due to the lack of roads and steepness of the terrain. The first non-indigenous person to settle in the area was Isaac Burgess, who took up residence on his selection on 1 January 1872; others followed in the late 1870s. They built their homes using pit-sawn timber from their own land. Pits were dug near where the trees stood and there they were sawn down to scantlings and boardings, and afterwards planed, tongued and grooved by hand as required. As the red cedar was cut out attention turned to the beech trees and Maleny pioneers of the timber industry include Isaac Burgess, Francis and William Dunlop, Joseph McCarthy, and JD Campbell.

By 1886 there were sufficient people living in the district to necessitate the establishment of the Blackall Range School. About 1890 the area became known as Maleny, the same year that a small postal receiving office opened. In the late 1890s farmers in the Maleny area turned to dairying and by 1900 were sending cream by pack horse to Landsborough for railing to the Queensland Meat Export Company's Brisbane butter factory. The length of time it took to transport Maleny cream to Brisbane was problematic, encouraging Maleny farmers to establish their own co-operative dairy factory in 1903-04. The first cream was treated at the new Maleny Butter Factory on 19 December 1904. The factory proved very successful, and was replaced twice before closing in 1992.

During the first decade of the 20th century the little township of Maleny grew with the dairy boom. An ES&A Bank was established in 1906, a hotel was built the next year, and there was a butcher and general store. Maleny was listed as a township in Pugh's Almanac of 1912 for the first time: the district had a population of about 510 with town businesses including auctioneer, baker, butcher, blacksmith, 2 contractors, dairy factory, hotel, plumber, saddler, sawmiller and 2 store keepers.

The Pattemore family of New South Wales moved to the Maleny district in 1906-08. John Robert (Robert) Pattemore was born on 7 August 1850 in England. His parents emigrated to New South Wales in 1855, and raised their family at Ulladulla, New South Wales, where Mr Pattemore worked as a market gardener. Robert trained as a butcher. He married in 1871 and in 1879 he, his wife Emily and young family moved to Tilba Tilba, where he worked as a butcher. They later moved to Central Tilba where they operated both a butchery and a property called Myrtle Vale. They raised four sons and three daughters.

According to family folklore the 1902 drought was so severe that the Pattemore family decided to move to a farming area with more reliable rainfall. Sons William John (Bill) and Herbert Stanley (Stan) heard of the lush Blackall Range in Queensland, then being promoted for its dairying opportunities, and by 1906 were cutting timber there. In 1906 Bill began sawmilling at Maleny in partnership with Maleny fruitgrower Edward Thomas Francis Thynne as Thynne and Pattemore. Bill and Stan were joined by their brothers Ernest Edward and Albert Aaron Pattemore in 1907.

The Pattemores sold their New South Wales interests in 1906 and in 1906-07 Bill and Stan purchased 5 Maleny farm blocks for the Pattemore family - one for their father and one for each of the four sons. Title to portion 1257, the site on which Fariview was soon constructed, was registered in the name of John Robert Pattemore in September 1907. The block comprised , much of it bordered by Obi Creek.

Fairview was erected by the Pattemore sons in 1907 for their parents, Robert and Emily Pattemore, who followed them to Maleny in 1908. The house was constructed entirely of beech, used even for the original stumps. The brothers pit-sawed the timber on the property, hand planed it, and made  tongue-and-groove boards with a single beading. The sawdust from the work was left in a mound at the rear of the house, which was a feature of the rear garden for many years. The house comprised four rooms under the core roof, with an enclosed room at the rear end of each side verandah. Verandahs encircled the house, with the back verandah enclosed and used for a service room.

Robert and Emily arrived by ship in 1907. Unfortunately, Emily Pattemore contracted rheumatic fever around this time and was incapacitated for the rest of her life. Two widowed daughters came up from New South Wales to look after their mother.

By 1907 all of Robert Pattemore's sons were farming at Maleny. Bill Pattemore also retained his interest in the Thynne and Pattemore sawmill on Thynne's homestead block at Maleny. For some years there was also a mill on Fairview.

JR Pattermore operated his Maleny property as a dairy farm on the share farming principle. Albert built the share farmer's house, which has since been moved to Caloundra.

For some years Ernest worked as the share farmer on Fairview, but in 1923 moved to Nambour. Albert returned to butchering, first at Cooroy and later at Brisbane. Bill had moved to Cooroy about 1920 and by 1924, Stan was the only son remaining in Maleny, where he was farming his own property, Forest Lodge on Gardner's Road, north of his father's property. Fairview continued as a dairy farm, with a share farmer. Robert Pattemore continued milking a few cows and growing corn until the end of his life in 1947.

Ernest Pattemore's children, Arthur and Emily, visited Fairview frequently from the 1920s to the late 1940s. They remembered the place as quite a large house, with a front garden large enough for the cousins to play cricket. Either side of the front gate was a Bunya Pine, not a favourite of the children as underneath was too spiky and hurt their bare feet when playing. There were two mature Moreton Bay Fig trees in the back garden.

A raised cobble path led from the front verandah to the front gate. The front and side verandahs had a balustrade and the verandah posts had decorative brackets. Under the back verandah roof was the kitchen, large breakfast room with windows, and a pantry. Leading from the breakfast room back door there was a raised path to the back gate about  away. To the left of the back door was the laundry under a skillion roof; it was paved with slats and cobble stones and had tubs, bench and copper. Later a laundry was moved inside adjacent to the bathroom under the verandah roof.

The house block was fenced - to keep the cattle out - and just beyond this fence was a shed that had space for the buggy, cow bails and dairy. There was a loft above, and that is where the corn was stored. In Robert's latter years his son Stan took on responsibility for the home farm, cultivating the corn and any farm work. His sisters continued to look after the house and parents.

Following Mrs Emily Pattemore's death at nearly 87 years in 1937, her husband remained on his farm, and in August 1941 celebrated his 91st birthday as Maleny's oldest resident. Following his death on 10 January 1947 title to his farm was transferred out of the Pattemore family in August 1948. Subsequent owners included the CSR in 1964 and by May 1969, the George Armstrong family. In 1995 Fairview was acquired from the Armstrong family by the Caloundra City Council. The house is rented and the land let to a farmer.

In recent years Fairview has been re-roofed, a skillion roofed verandah has been added at the rear, and a slatted balustrade has been constructed across the remaining open verandahs. The raised path still leads to the back of the property but the front path is overgrown and no longer leads to the front gate. The old farm shed out the back has been removed.

While most Maleny district houses of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were built of pit sawn local timber, few surviving houses of this type were identified in the 1995 Caloundra City Cultural Heritage Study. Included amongst these was Fairview, listed as Armstrong's House [MY 56], identified for its historic, aesthetic, representative value and integrity. A 2001 review of over 350 places identified in the 1995 survey resulted in a much shorter list of locally significant places. While some farm houses were noted the new list did not include any houses constructed of pit sawn local timber. The only building constructed of local pit-sawn timber included in the listing was the first stage of the Maleny Hotel [MY 26], erected in 1907. Fairview [Armstrong's House] (1907) was not included in the preliminary register as a place sufficiently well known or documented for its cultural heritage significance, but was included as a place worthy of further investigation.

Description
Fairview is situated halfway down the steep slope which forms the backdrop to the township of Maleny, on the Blackall Range west of Nambour. It is a low-set timber house capped with a steeply pitched, corrugated iron clad, short ridge roof with gablets to the east and west, and stepped down surrounding verandah roofs. The verandahs have been enclosed on the western and southern sides and southeastern corner.

External walls are single-skin, vertically-jointed timber boards, diamond braced with belt rail, protected from the elements by skillion roofed verandahs. The front verandah has three bays, with a pair of verandah posts either side of the entrance. Square posts with simple stop chamfers support the roof and are enhanced with later decorative brackets. There is a later two-rail slatted balustrade across the open verandahs. There are three doors off the front verandah, French doors to both front rooms either side of a four-panel low waisted timber front door.

The front door opens onto a hallway which has doors to rooms on either side, before opening through a timber archway into a large dining room.

Internally all rooms under the core have walls of tongue and groove  wide boards that are beaded. The hall has a belt rail and hat rail on both walls. The two front bedrooms have a T&G ceiling and twin-paned sash windows to side verandahs, while the rear bedroom has French doors to the side verandah. There are clear glass fanlights above the front and back doors and rear bedroom French doors. All the bedrooms have a square of linoleum with the surrounding timber boards painted red. An exposed beam from the dining room juts into the front north eastern bedroom and hall, and these beams are visible in the dining room. The dining room and rear bedroom both have sheeted ceilings.

The western and southern verandahs have been enclosed with weatherboards and windows. About half of the eastern side also has been enclosed to form a large room. At the rear of the house and under the verandah roof are the kitchen and a large breakfast room. The northern wall of both the kitchen and breakfast room has diagonal braced vertically-jointed timber boards and the other walls are lined, including the stove recess with its old wood fire stove. The kitchen has a double row of three hopper windows facing south while the stove recess has louvers. The large breakfast room has a twin-pane sash window into the dining room, and a pair of casement windows, a set of four casement windows and door along the southern wall, and a door to the side verandah and kitchen. The southern facing external wall is protected by a [Skillion roof|skillion roof] over the paving and raised path to the back garden.

Fairview is surrounded by mature trees including frangipani (Plumeria sp.), avocados (Persea americana) and a Moreton Bay Fig (Ficus macrophylla). The garden, which is enclosed by a barbed wire fence, has many mature trees.

Heritage listing
Fairview was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 4 September 2003 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.

Fairview, constructed in 1907 of local Beech [Nothofagus sp.] cut, pit-sawn and dressed on the property, is important in demonstrating the early development of Maleny as an agricultural settlement and the expansion of dairying in Queensland in the early 1900s.

The place demonstrates rare, uncommon or endangered aspects of Queensland's cultural heritage.

It is one of the oldest surviving pit sawn timber residences in the area.

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.

It remains substantially intact, and is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of early farmhouses of its era, with hand detailing, good workmanship, and idiosyncratic construction techniques, and is constructed of local timbers no longer widely available.

The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.

The materials, timber detailing and workmanship, and simple plan and form, demonstrate a strong aesthetic quality. Plantings around the house are remnants from when the property was an established dairy farm and add to the aesthetic appeal of the place.

References

Attribution

External links

Queensland Heritage Register
Buildings and structures on the Sunshine Coast, Queensland
Agricultural buildings and structures in Queensland
Articles incorporating text from the Queensland Heritage Register

Fairview, Maleny


"Octopus's Garden" is a song by The Beatles written by Ringo Starr from their 1969 album Abbey Road.

George Harrison worked on this the song with Ringo Starr; perhaps because his own songs were not seen as good enough by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Harrison said: "'Octopus's Garden' is Ringo's song. It's only the second song Ringo has ever written, mind you, and it's lovely." He added that the song gets very deep into your mind "because it's so peaceful. I suppose Ringo is writing cosmic songs these days without even realising it."

Background
Ringo Starr got the idea for the song when he was on a boat owned by comedian Peter Sellers in Sardinia in 1968. He ordered fish and chips for lunch, but instead of fish he got squid. It was the first time he'd eaten squid, and he said, "It was OK. A bit rubbery. Tasted like chicken." The boat's captain told Ringo how octopuses travel along the sea bed picking up stones and shiny objects to build gardens. The Let It Be movie had a scene where George Harrison is shown helping Ringo Starr work the song out on piano.

The song, which contains the words "Oh what joy for every girl and boy / Knowing they're happy and they're safe," is sometimes thought of as being a song for children, like "Yellow Submarine", "The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill" or "All Together Now". It has been performed by the Muppets several times in their shows.

Recording
The basic instrumental track was recorded April 26, 1969, with two electric guitars (Harrison and John Lennon), bass guitar (Paul McCartney), and drums (Starr). George Martin did not produce the song, so the Beatles themselves were listed as producer, with Martin's assistant Chris Thomas present in the control room to help. Thirty-two takes were needed before the Beatles were happy with the song.

The backing vocals by McCartney and Harrison during the guitar solo were put through compressors and limiters to create a gurgling sound. Harrison added the sound of bubbles being blown into a glass of milk using a straw.

Performers

Ringo Starr – vocal, drums, percussion, sound effects
George Harrison – backing vocal, lead guitar, synthesizer
Paul McCartney – backing vocal, bass, piano
John Lennon – guitar
Personnel per Ian MacDonald

Other websites

The Beatles songs
1969 songs

Octopus's Garden


Proteales is an order of flowering plants consisting of three (or four) families. The Proteales have been recognized by almost all taxonomists.

The representatives of the Proteales are very different from each other due to their very early divergence. What they have in common is seeds with little or no endosperm. The ovules are often atropic.

The oldest fossils of Proteales are of the nelumbonaceous genus Notocyamus from the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous of Brazil.

Families
Within the classification system of Rolf Dahlgren, the Proteales were in the superorder Proteiflorae, also called Proteanae; The APG II system (of 2003) also recognizes this order, placing it in the clade Eudicots, with the following circumscription:

 order Proteales
 family Nelumbonaceae
 family Proteaceae [+ family Platanaceae]

with "+ ..." = optionally separate family (that may be split off from the preceding family).

The APG III system of 2009 followed this same approach, but favored the narrower circumscription of the three families, firmly recognizing three families in Proteales: Nelumbonaceae, Platanaceae, and Proteaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Website, however, suggests the addition of Sabiaceae, which the APG III system did not place in any order in the eudicots, would be sensible.

The APG IV system of 2016 added family Sabiaceae to the order.

Well-known members of the Proteales include the proteas of South Africa, the banksia and macadamia of Australia, the planetree, and the sacred lotus. The origins of the order are clearly ancient, with evidence of diversification in the mid-Cretaceous, roughly over 100 million years ago. Of notable interest is the family's modern distribution; the Proteaceae is predominantly a Southern Hemisphere family, while the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae are Northern Hemisphere plants.

Classification
The current APG IV classification represents a slight change from the APG I system of 1998, which firmly did accept family Platanaceae as being separate from the order. Under APG IV, this is the current circumscription of the order:
 order Proteales
 family Nelumbonaceae
 family Platanaceae
 family Proteaceae
 family Sabiaceae

Cronquist
The Cronquist system of 1981 recognized such an order and placed it in subclass Rosidae in class Magnoliopsida [=dicotyledons]. It used this circumscription:
 order Proteales
 family Elaeagnaceae
 family Proteaceae

Dahlgren; Thorne; Engler; and Wettstein
The Dahlgren system and Thorne system (1992) recognized such an order and placed it in superorder Proteanae in subclass Magnoliidae  [=dicotyledons]. The Engler system, in its update of 1964, also recognized this order and placed it in subclass Archichlamydeae of class Dicotyledoneae. The Wettstein system, last revised in 1935, recognized this order and placed it in the Monochlamydeae in subclass Choripetalae of class Dicotyledones. These systems used the following circumscription:
 order Proteales
 family Proteaceae

References

Angiosperm orders

Proteales


The Method for an Integrated Knowledge Environment (MIKE2.0) is an open source delivery methodology for enterprise information management consultants. MIKE2.0 was released in December 2006 by BearingPoint's Information Management team under the leadership of Robert Hillard.  The project used Creative Commons Attribution License and was implemented by Sean McClowry. The project is now run by the MIKE2.0 Governance Association, a non-profit organisation based in Switzerland, with BearingPoint and Deloitte as the founding members. In March 2013 a book Information Development Using MIKE2.0 was published promoting it.

Description
The methodology provides a framework for information management.
It covers how information is created, accessed, presented and used in decision-making to how it is kept secure, stored and destroyed.

Information development
While initially focused around structured data, it coined the term "information development".
The MIKE2.0 approach is based on the premise that traditional software delivery has under-focused on the information management.  The goal of MIKE2.0 is to create a new competency, specifically for managing information,

Integrated content repository

MIKE2.0 introduces the concept of an integrated content repository.

This repository is a federated hub of shared assets from the Internet and content held internally within an organization.  Using this concept, organizations can create mashups to the MIKE2.0 standard and information management assets on the World Wide Web.  Although they are not required to share any of their assets with the open source community, they are encouraged to contribute. The content repository architecture is based on using wiki-pages created in MIKE2.0, assets that are linked from other sites using a social bookmarking tools and common tagging and extensions that allows  users to create mashups into their organization.

Open methodology framework
MIKE2.0 claimed to be a pilot project for a "framework".  It proposes to be an approach which sits between a completely open Wikipedia-style model and a more rigorous development approach seen with software development.  The collaborative technology, the structure of the content model and a number of content governance articles are used to enable this concept.  The methodology states that this model is likely to evolve over time
.

Content model

MIKE2.0 is made up of building blocks, given in a block diagram.

Products
Products tend to focus on a certain type of problem as opposed to being generalized for information management like the overall implementation guide.

SAFE Architecture

The approach of the MIKE2 Methodology is to drive implementation of information management projects through a conceptual architecture framework known as strategic architecture for the federated enterprise (SAFE). SAFE goes across applications, data, and infrastructure and is designed to accommodate the inherent complexities of a highly federated organisation. Using a Conceptual Architecture helps align projects to a target vision for the future and to take the complexity out of the myriad of vendor choices around integration and information management.

Information governance
Information governance is a term used in MIKE2.0.  The governance model provides assessment tools, information standards, organizational structures and roles and responsibilities in relation to managing information assets.  Governance 2.0 is another term used, along with Enterprise 2.0 techniques and technologies.

Overall task list
 Overview and Key Concepts frame the overall approach as well as the rationale for why MIKE2.0 was created.
 The overall task list is a project management and project implementation methodology consisting of five phases, activities for each phase, tasks for each activity and inputs/outputs for each task. These are:

 Phase 1 – Business Assessment and Strategy Definition Blueprint
 Phase 2 – Technology Assessment and Selection Blueprint
 Phase 3 – Information Management Roadmap and Foundation Activities
 Phase 4 – Design Increment
 Phase 5 – Incremental Development, Testing, Deployment and Improvement

The task list is underpinned by the information development approach and tightly integrated with SAFE architecture.

 Usage Models show how the different tasks are applied for different solutions. Usage models use an indicator approach to show the relevance of an activity.

Supporting assets
Supporting assets complement the overall methodology with:
 Tools and technique papers
 Deliverable templates
 Capability statements
 Software assets
 Other tools and guides
Supporting Assets are typically the lowest-level assets of the overall approach.

Collaboration environment

The MIKE2.0 collaboration environment is provided through omCollab, an open source collaboration product that provides the following capabilities:

 A Wiki to collaboratively create and share content (based on the same MediaWiki software that powers Wikipedia)
 Blogs to publish individual or group-based information (based on WordPress)
 Social Bookmarking for storing, sharing and discovering web bookmarks
 Social Networking  for the MIKE2.0 community to store basic profile information and to interact with one another.
 Tag (metadata) and categories are used to classify articles, blogs and bookmarks into a common taxonomy.  MIKE2.0 brings these two concepts together in the bookmarking component.
 Techniques and technologies to mashup to MIKE2.0, to build integrated solutions based on open content and internally  held assets
 Search for users to discover content across federated repositories.  MIKE2.0 uses Google Custom Search.
 A rich user interface with advanced navigational components an integrated skin and single sign on to provide common look and feel across the platform
 An open methodology compliance (OMC) capability to link an organisation into MIKE2.0

The overall product is referred to as "omCollab" and was released in 2008.

Impact
Since its release, MIKE2.0 was referenced as a case study on Web 2.0 reports,
The 2008 book Groundswell used MIKE2.0 as a case study.
The content was taught through online webinars and as a part of a Melbourne University lecture series on data warehousing in 2008.
The Association for Information and Image Management (AIIM) included a case study of MIKE2.0 in their Enterprise 2.0 specialist certification program in 2008.

Criticisms of the approach

References

External links
 MIKE2.0 Homepage
 MIKE2.0 within the MDM-CDI Ecosystem, initially published by Zornes, DM Review

Methodology
Enterprise architecture
Project management techniques
Information science

MIKE2.0 methodology


John Thomas Brady (October 10, 1830 – June 26, 1890) was an attorney, publisher, business promoter and politician. He served two terms in the Texas Legislature and one term in the Texas Senate.

Early life and family
Brady was born on October 10, 1830, to John and Mary Brady in Charles County, Maryland. His father was a veteran of the War of 1812 and his family first arrived in Maryland in 1634. John Thomas was the eldest of four children. His three siblings were William, Emily, and Elizabeth. He attended school in Charles County before entering the work force at age seventeen.

In 1858, Brady married Caledonia Tinsley, the first of three wives. They resided at a 2,000 acre property known as The Cedars. After Caledonia died, he married the daughter of Sidney Sherman, Lennie, with whom he raised two children. After Lennie's death, he married Estelle Jenkins, who bore a daughter.

Career
Brady taught school while teaching himself law, passed the Maryland bar and practiced in that state. He moved to Missouri, near Kansas City, just a few years later. He acquired part interest in a newspaper, working as a journalist for two years. He moved to the Houston area in 1856. Brady established a residence in Harrisburg, Texas while practicing law in nearby Houston.

Brady served as aide to Confederate General John B. Magruder, and later to Commodore Leon Smith aboard the steamboat Bayou City. During the American Civil War, he was twice elected to the Texas Legislature. In 1876, he served in the Texas Senate. He was one of the organizers of the first Texas State Fair, then held in Houston. The fair committee invited Horace Greeley as its keynote speaker.
Brady organized transportation companies in Houston. He co-founded the Texas Transportation Company in 1866, which was later absorbed by the Southern Pacific Railroad. He later served as the company's president. He co-founded and served as president of the Houston Belt and Magnolia Park Railway Company, later acquired by the Missouri Pacific Railroad. He promoted a ship channel and turning basin in Buffalo Bayou, permitting a channel cut through his homestead, which  created Brady's Island.

Death
Brady died of a stroke on June 26, 1890, in Houston. He is interred at Glenwood Cemetery in Houston.

References

1830 births
1890 deaths
Maryland lawyers
Texas state senators
American railway entrepreneurs
Texas lawyers
19th-century American politicians
19th-century American lawyers
19th-century American businesspeople

John Thomas Brady


Laurie Roth is an American radio talk show host and political commentator. She hosts the nationally syndicated political talk show, The Roth Show. As a candidate for President of the United States in the 2012 election, she unsuccessfully sought the 2012 nominations of the Constitution Party and the American Independent Party.

Education and early career
Roth earned a PhD in counseling with an emphasis on alcohol and drugs from Oregon State University. She was a singer-songwriter in the early to mid-1990s and host and co-producer of the PBS music show "CD Highway" from 1995 to 2000.

Talk radio career
Roth began her career in talk radio as a guest on KGA-AM in Spokane, Washington in 2001. She then had her own show on KPLS in Los Angeles, California.

The Roth Show
The self-described "Annie Oakley of the Airwaves," has hosted the nationally syndicated The Roth Show, a conservative political commentary program, since 2003 on KQNT in Spokane. The program is broadcast weekdays from the studios of flagship station KSBN in Spokane to over 50 stations nationwide.

Traffic accident
In August 2005, Roth was critically injured when the motorcycle she was riding struck a deer, from which she suffered multiple broken bones and other bodily injuries, and was in a coma for two weeks. As a result of her injuries, she was unable to host her radio program for nearly a year. She returned as host of The Roth Show in June 2006.

Political activity
Roth is a political columnist for the Internet publications News With Views, Canada Free Press and the New Media Journal.

Presidential campaign
In mid-2011, Roth confirmed that she was exploring the possibility of running for President of the United States. She announced her candidacy for the presidential nomination of the American Independent Party in November 2011. She also ran for the presidential nomination of the Constitution Party, which was won by former U.S. Congressman Virgil Goode on the first ballot at the 2012 Constitution Party National Convention. Roth finished fifth in the balloting with 1.49% of the vote. Following her defeat for that party's nomination, Roth continued her candidacy for the American Independent Party nomination and contemplated the possibility of continuing her presidential bid as a "tea party" independent candidate.

Roth announced that she had dropped out of the 2012 presidential race on July 25, 2012.

Plaintiff in lawsuits against President Obama
In January 2012, Roth was named as a plaintiff in a lawsuit against President Barack Obama in Georgia, and was represented by birther movement activist Orly Taitz. Roth and her fellow plaintiffs challenged President Obama's eligibility to run for president of the United States. On February 3, 2012, Judge Michael Malihi ruled in favor of President Obama. Roth and her fellow plaintiffs appealed Judge Malihi's ruling; their appeal was denied on March 2, 2012.

In April 2012, Roth was added as a plaintiff to an election challenge against the President in Mississippi. While listed on legal motions for the Mississippi election challenge, it was unknown if Roth was an official plaintiff as no motion requesting Roth's addition as a plaintiff was noted on the case docket.

Personal life
Roth lives with her husband and two children in Elk, Washington.

References

https://newswithviews.com/are-the-military-and-trump-in-control/

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American Independent Party politicians
American columnists
American women singers
American political commentators
American talk radio hosts
American women radio hosts
California Constitutionalists
Female candidates for President of the United States
PBS people
Radio personalities from Los Angeles
Radio personalities from Washington (state)
Candidates in the 2012 United States presidential election
21st-century American politicians
Tea Party movement activists
Activists from California
21st-century American women politicians
American women columnists

Laurie Roth


The Eliott Baronetcy, of Stobs in the County of Roxburgh, is a title in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia. It was created on 3 December 1666 for Gilbert Eliott. The second baronet was a member of the pre-union Parliament of Scotland. The third Baronet sat as Member of Parliament for Roxburghshire. The Eliott Baronets share a common early Elliot ancestry with the nearby Earls of Minto (Elliot). It is thought that the surname spelling differences were contrived to differentiate the branches.

George Augustus Eliott, 1st Baron Heathfield was the tenth son of the third Baronet.

Eliott baronets, of Stobs (1666)
Sir Gilbert Eliott, 1st Baronet (died 1677). Descendant of King Robert II of Scotland
Sir William Eliott, 2nd Baronet (died 1699).
Sir Gilbert Eliott, 3rd Baronet (died 1764)
Sir John Eliott, 4th Baronet (1705–1767)
Sir Francis Eliott, 5th Baronet (died 1791)
Sir William Eliott, 6th Baronet (1767–1812)
Sir William Francis Eliott, 7th Baronet (1793–1864)
Sir William Eliott, 8th Baronet (1827–1910)
Sir Arthur Eliott, 9th Baronet (1856–1916)
Sir Gilbert Eliott, 10th Baronet (1886–1958)
Sir Arthur Eliott, 11th Baronet (1915–1989)
Sir Charles Eliott, 12th Baronet (1937–2014)
Sir Rodney Eliott, 13th Baronet (born 1966)

The heir apparent is the 13th baronet's only son, Steven Charles Eliott (born 1990).

See also
Baron Heathfield

References

Further reading
 The Elliots: The Story of A Border Clan by The Dowager Lady Eliott of Stobbs and Sir Arthur Eliott, 11th Baronet, published in hardback () and later reprinted in soft cover

Eliott
1666 establishments in Nova Scotia

Eliott baronets


Jalimpura also known as Charna ki dhani is a village in Bhimsar gram panchayat,   Mandawa,  Tehsil, Jhunjhunu district, Rajasthan, India. All resident of the village belongs to Jaat community ( Jhajharia, Dhaka, Tetarwal, Khedar, Godara ).

Village situated approximately 15 km from district headquarter Jhunjhunu and well connected by road from Jhunjhunu.

Neighbour village- Bhimsar, Rasora, sekhsar, Kumas, Naand ka Bas.(भीमसर, रसोड़ा, सेख सर, कुमास, नांद का बास )

Jalimpura is a medium size village located in Jhunjhunun Tehsil of Jhunjhunun district, Rajasthan with total 215 families residing. The Jalimpura village has population of 1028 of which 499 are males while 529 are females as per Population Census 2011.

In Jalimpura village population of children with age 0-6 is 123 which makes up 11.96% of total population of village. Average Sex Ratio of Jalimpura village is 1060 which is higher than Rajasthan state average of 928. Child Sex Ratio for the Jalimpura as per census is 864, lower than Rajasthan average of 888.

Jalimpura village has higher literacy rate compared to Rajasthan. In 2011, literacy rate of Jalimpura village was 68.29% compared to 66.11% of Rajasthan. In Jalimpura Male literacy stands at 84.06% while female literacy rate was 53.81%.

Villages in Jhunjhunu district

Jalimpura


The Gov. Israel Washburn House is a historic house at 120 Main Street in Orono, Maine.  Built in 1840, it is architecturally significant as a fine local example of Greek Revival architecture, and is historically significant as the long-time home of Governor of Maine Israel Washburn, Jr.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Description and history
The Washburn House is located on the east side of Main Street (United States Route 2), on a residential stretch of that road south of downtown Orono that is lined with 19th-century houses.  It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a front-gable roof, and a granite foundation.  A two-story gabled wing extends northward from the rear of the main block, and there is a carriage house at the rear of the property.  Most of the house is sheathed in clapboards; the front facade and the front-facing part of the wing are finished in flushboarding.  The building corners are pilastered, supporting an entablature that rings the house.  The front facade has a single-story porch supported by Doric columns, with a low balustrade above.  The front facade of the wing has a projecting bay with paneled corners and full-height windows, and is also topped by a balcony with a similar balustrade.  Windows on the ground floor of the main facade and south side are full length, with more standard-sized sash windows elsewhere.  The entrance is in the left bay of the three-bay front, flanked by sidelight windows and pilasters.  The interior retains period woodwork and hardware, including original oak floors with inlaid mahogany, and two fine black marble fireplaces.

The house was built in 1840 by Israel Washburn, Jr., not long after his marriage, and was his home until 1863.  Washburn was born into a politically prominent family, entered the legislature in 1851, and served two terms as Governor of Maine during the American Civil War.  He was appointed Collector of the Port of Portland  by President Abraham Lincoln in 1863, a post he held until his retirement in 1877.  He is best known for his prominent and vocal stance against the expansion of slavery.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Penobscot County, Maine

References

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maine
Greek Revival houses in Maine
Houses completed in 1840
Houses in Orono, Maine
National Register of Historic Places in Penobscot County, Maine
Historic district contributing properties in Maine

Gov. Israel Washburn House


Curtis Arnoux Peters (22 August 1879 − December 17, 1933) was a New York Supreme Court Justice.

Peters worked for thirteen years in New York City's Law Department as an Assistant Corporation Counsel.  He was the campaign manager for Thomas Crain's election to the New York Supreme Court in 1924.  He was elected to the First Judicial District as a Democrat in 1926, but died halfway through his fourteen-year term.  He was married to Charlotte L. Curtis; Peter Arno, the cartoonist, was his son, and the couple also had a daughter, Constance L. Curtis.

References

1879 births
1933 deaths
New York Supreme Court Justices

Curtis Arnoux Peters


The Wessex Basin is a petroleum-bearing geological area located along the southern coast of England and extending into the English Channel. The onshore part of the basin covers approximately 20,000 km2 and the area that encompasses the English Channel is of similar size. The basin is a rift basin that was created during the Permian to early Cretaceous in response to movement of the African plate relative to the Eurasian plate. In the late Cretaceous, and again in the Cenozoic, the basin was inverted as a distant effect of the Alpine orogeny. The basin is usually divided into 3 main sub-basins including the Winterborne-Kingston Trough, Channel Basin, and Vale of Pewsey Basin. The area is also rich in hydrocarbons with several offshore wells in the area. With the large interest in the hydrocarbon exploration of the area, data became more readily available, which improved the understanding of the type of inversion tectonics that characterize this basin.

Tectonic mechanisms

Lithospheric thinning and crustal extension led to the subsidence and consequently the creation of asymmetric graben. These events happened in pulses starting in the Permian and concluding in the early Cretaceous period. By mid Cretaceous the active crustal extension ceased and the region underwent a period of unfaulted subsidence in part due to the thermal relaxation effects from the earlier lithospheric action. Inversion began starting in the late Cretaceous and carried on through Cenozoic times coinciding with the Alpine orogeny happening at the now convergent boundary of the African and Eurasian plates.

Basement structure and stratigraphy

Starting at the basement of the structure, the area of interest overlies Variscan externides consisting of Devonian and Carboniferous sediments in imbricated thrust sheets. The Hercynian basement was rather thin in origin with the thrust emplacement in a north-northwest trend developed most likely with a strike-slip fault. After the conclusion of the initial Hercynian deformation, normal reactivation of these same faults occurred along with differential subsidence beginning in the late Carboniferous as a direct result from the northwest/southeast trending wrench movements.  The sands created within this period lie in an unconformable manner above the Devonian and Carboniferous basement. The asymmetrical grabens are found within these sands and through the use of dating techniques mark the point in history of basin initiation during the late Carboniferous. Following this stage the basin underwent a period of erosion removing approximately 10 km of sediment from the area with the following Permian sediment deposition being dictated by the former Hercynian structure. This semi-arid, desert sedimentation occurred on the western portion of the basin with the clasts eventually thinning as they progress towards the east side of the basin. Triassic sediments sit unconformably above the Permian layer with the makeup being mainly sands and silts. Like the former stage, the Triassic sediments were first concentrated on the west side of the basin but also appeared in the southwest as a direct result from marine transgression.  The Jurassic period followed with the same marine sedimentation, but by the end of the period, sea-level began to fall leaving behind shallow marine sediments. The Cretaceous period marks a major transition as the area became unstable with the basement faults reactivating and additional deposition of 1000m of brackish non-marine/freshwater sediments along with major uplift of the basin margins. The later Cretaceous consisted of deposition almost entirely of chalk with a basin wide unconformity delineating the period between the Paleogene and Late Cretaceous. These sediments are important as they represent the marker bed that show when the inversion of the basin began.

Basin inversion
The basin's inversion mechanism can be traced back to the movements of the Alpine orogeny that resulted in a series of monoclines along the boundary faults and the uplift of pre-Cenozoic sediments. Inversion can happen along reactivated fault lines and in this case the faults involved are the Mesozoic extensional growth faults. The reverse movements of the extensional faults in response reactivated the basement faults but this time as thrust faults. Former structural highs underwent inversions to become areas where large amounts of sediments began being deposited, while also slowly deepening to the basement faults. The amount of deepening of a former high structure correlates directly with the amount of over thrusting.

In addition, there are several sediment depositional environments that also help catalog when and where initial basin inversion was happening. Basin erosion during the late Cretaceous and Paleogene is one of the first indicators, along with a regional change in the chalk composition to non-marine fluvial sediments. Major chalk fissures also became infilled with Paleocene sediments. There are east-west trending stylolites specifically in the Purbeck chalk formation that date the onset of the compression, the start of the inversion. Additionally, Eocene paleosols created during the late Cretaceous south of the Purbeck- Isle of Wight fault zone is a direct contrast of the marine sediments of the same age to the north.

Presently the basin is described with a series of east-west trending monoclines and anticlines that lie above the underlying Mesozoic growth faults. The Purbeck-Isle of Wight fault is one of the areas where inversion of the basin is distinctly seen with pre and post inversion structures.

Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbon exploration led to immense seismic profiling in the areas of South Dorset, Hampshire, and the Isle of Wight. The petroleum geology is primarily confined to the Mesozoic strata and were first drilled in 1937. The Kimmeridge Oil Field is an offshore field that was first discovered in the 1950s is the largest in the area and is still in production to this day. Wytch Farm is the major onshore field that entered production during the 1970s. This accumulation stems from three major source rocks known as the Blue Lias Formation with Liassic clays, the Oxford Clay Formation, and the Kimmeridge Clay Formation.

See also
 East Midlands Oil Province
 Geology of Hampshire
 London Basin
 Petroleum reservoir

References

External links
 University of Southampton

Geology of Dorset
Geology of Hampshire
Oil fields of England
Sedimentary basins of Europe
Wessex

Wessex Basin


Over My Head (Cable car) is the debut single by rock band The Fray off the hit album How to Save a Life (album). The single was released September of 2005.

Music Video
The video ranked close to number one various times since the release of the single. The music video was actually shot in a High School in Denver, Colorado.

Chart Rankings
In the Brazilian Hot 100, "Cable Car" was ranked #5, World Singles ranked the song #24, U.S. Adult Top 40 ranked it #2, and U.S. Top 40 Mainstream ranked it #5.

Discography
2002 - Movement EP
2003 - Reason EP
2005 - How to Save a Life (album)
2006 - Live at the Electric Factory
2007 - Acoustic in Nashville

2005 songs

Over My Head (Cable Car)


The Gilbert's garden eel  (Ariosoma gilberti), also known as the Gilbert's conger and the sharpnose conger, is an eel in the family Congridae (conger/garden eels). It was described by James Douglas Ogilby in 1898, originally under the genus Congrellus. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the eastern central and southeastern Pacific Ocean, including the Gulf of California, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Colombia. It is a benthic and nocturnal species, and inhabits sand flats in reefs, bays and coves at a depth range of 1–100 metres. It burrows into sand during the day and emerges to forage during the night. Males can reach a maximum total length of 27 centimetres.

The Gilbert's garden eel is preyed upon by the Pacific bearded brotula (Brotula clarkae, a Cusk-eel). Due to its widespread distribution, lack of known threats, and lack of observed population decline, the IUCN redlist currently lists the Gilbert's garden eel as Least Concern.

Named in honor of ichthyologist and fisheries biologist Charles Henry Gilbert (1859-1928), who reported this species as A. balearicum in 1891 but noted variations in his specimens

References

Gilbert's garden eel
Taxa named by James Douglas Ogilby
Western Central American coastal fauna
Gilbert's garden eel

Gilbert's garden eel


Lord Robert Manners, later Manners-Sutton (21 February 1722 – 19 November 1762) was the second son of John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland by his wife the Hon. Bridget Sutton, and younger brother of the famous soldier Lord Granby, under whom he served as Lieutenant-Colonel commanding the 21st Light Dragoons.

He was a captain in the Duke of Kingston's Light Horse in 1745 and a lieutenant-colonel in the Duke of Cumberland's Dragoons in 1746–48, with whom he served in Flanders during the War of the Austrian Succession. He was then appointed Colonel commandant of the 21st Light Dragoons from 1760 to his death.

Becoming a courtier, he served as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber to Frederick, Prince of Wales from 1749 to 1751. He was appointed Master of the Staghounds on 26 April 1744 and Master of the Harriers from 11 April 1754 until 13 January 1756. From 6 July 1747 until his death he was one of the Members of Parliament for Nottinghamshire.

He adopted the additional surname of Sutton on succeeding to the estates of his maternal grandfather the 2nd Lord Lexinton in 1734. These included Kelham Hall, near Newark, Nottinghamshire. He died without having married, and so the estates passed to his next brother Lord George Manners, who also adopted the name Manners-Sutton.

References

36th Regiment of Foot officers
Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies
Younger sons of dukes
1722 births
1762 deaths
R
British MPs 1747–1754
British MPs 1754–1761
British MPs 1761–1768

Lord Robert Manners-Sutton


Cinsaut or Cinsault ( , ) is a red wine grape whose heat tolerance and productivity make it important in Languedoc-Roussillon and the former French colonies of Algeria, Lebanon, and Morocco. It is often blended with grapes such as Grenache and Carignan to add softness and bouquet.

It has many synonyms, of which perhaps the most confusing is its sale as a table grape called 'Oeillade', although it is different from the "true" Oeillade which is no longer cultivated. In South Africa, it was known as "Hermitage", hence the name of its most famous cross Pinotage.

History

Cinsaut appears to be an ancient variety that may have originated in the Hérault, but could equally have been brought by traders from the eastern Mediterranean.

Distribution and wines

Algeria
Cinsaut is popular in Algeria for its drought resistance, and is used to make large volumes of wine.

Australia
Cinsaut is grown under a variety of names such as Black Prince, Blue Imperial, Oeillade and Ulliade.

Chile
Old Cinsault vines in the Itata Valley have recently been rediscovered by quality wine producers in Chile, such as Miguel Torres, Clos de Fous, Ventisquero and Undurraga. In one of the southernmost wine-producing areas of the country, the grape yields light-bodied, fruit-driven wines, most often varietal, but sometimes blended with Pais or Carignan.

France
Cinsaut is the fourth  most widely planted grape variety in France, and is especially important in Languedoc-Roussillon. It is also widely used for rosé wines in Provence.

Italy

Known as Ottavianello, there is one tiny DOC devoted to Cinsaut - Ostuni Ottavianello, with a total production of less than 1000 cases a year.  However, Cinsaut has long been used in Apulian blends and has also begun to attract the attention of winemakers interested in reviving old varieties.

Lebanon
Cinsaut is an important component in the blend of Lebanon's Chateau Musar.

Morocco and Tunisia
As in Algeria, Cinsaut is popular in Morocco and Tunisia for its drought resistance.

South Africa
A lot of Cinsaut is grown in South Africa, much of which is blended with Cabernet Sauvignon. It holds a special place in the country's viticulture alongside Pinot noir as one of the parents of Pinotage. Of all the grape varieties planted in the Cape, Cinsault has claimed a significant "Cinderella" turnaround in recent history. Historically, it was favored for its heat tolerance and productivity to be used in bulk blends but winemakers of late have been experimenting with the grape. Many new labels can be found on the market offering crunchy red berry flavors at low alcohols, it is still a very useful blending component with other Rhone varietals, while also adding some fruity brightness to Cabernet Sauvignon.

United States
The oldest continuous Cinsaut vineyard is said to be the Bechtold vineyard in Lodi, California, which was planted in 1885 by Joseph Spenker.

Some Cinsaut is planted in California as Black Malvoisie.

Cinsaut is planted in the North Coast AVA in California, most specifically in the Red Hills Lake County AVA.

Cinsaut is planted in the Yakima Valley AVA in Washington.

Cinsaut is planted in Texas, specifically in the Texas High Plains A.V.A.

Vine and Viticulture
The vine can produce heavy crops, but wines are much better if yields are controlled. Cinsaut is very drought resistant but can be susceptible to disease, so appreciates a dry climate. It produces large cylindrical bunches of black grapes with fairly thick skins.

Synonyms and confusion with other grapes
Black Malvoisie, Blue Imperial, Bourdales Kek, Budales, Calibre, Chainette, Cincout, Cinq-sao, Cinquien, Cinsanet, Cinsault, Cubilier, Cubillier, Cuviller, Espagne, Espagnol, Froutignan, Grappu De La Dordogne, Hermitage, Malaga Kek, Marocain, Maurange, Mavro Kara Melkii, Milhau, Morterille noire, Moustardier Noir, Navarro, Negru De Sarichioi, Oeillade noire, Ottavianello, Ottaviano, Ottavianello, Pampous, Papadou, Passerille, Pedaire, Picardan noir, Piquepoul D'Uzes, Pis De Chevre, Plant D Arles Boudales, Plant D'Arles, Plant De Broqui, Plant De Broquies, Poupe De Crabe, Pousse De Chevre Rouge, Prunaley, Prunelas, Prunella, Prunellas noir, Salerne, Samsó, Samson, Senso, Sensu, Sinsó, Strum, Takopulo Kara, Ulliaou, West's White Prolific, Black Prince, Boudales, Oeillade, Picardin noir and Ulliade.

While Cinsault is known under the synonym Oeillade noire, especially when it is sold as a table grape, it is not related to the Languedoc and Provence wine grape Oeillade noire.

References

Red wine grape varieties
Wine grapes of Italy
Wine grapes of Apulia

Cinsaut