The Mediterranean gull (Ichthyaetus melanocephalus) is a small gull. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus Ichthyaetus is from ikhthus, "fish", and aetos, "eagle", and the specific melanocephalus is from melas, "black", and -kephalos "-headed".

This gull breeds almost entirely in the Western Palearctic, mainly in the south east, especially around the Black Sea, and in central Turkey. There are colonies elsewhere in southern Europe, and this species has undergone a dramatic range expansion in recent decades. As is the case with many gulls, it has traditionally been placed in the genus Larus.

Description
The Mediterranean gull is slightly larger and bulkier than the black-headed gull with a heavier bill and longer, darker legs. The breeding plumage adult is a distinctive white gull, with a very pale grey mantle and wings with white primary feathers without black tips. The black hood extends down the nape and shows distinct white eye crescents. The sharp-tipped, parallel sided, dark red bill has a black subterminal band. The non breeding adult is similar but the hood is reduced to an extensive dusky "bandit" mask through the eye. This bird takes two years to reach maturity. First year birds have a black terminal tail band and more black areas in the upperwings, but have pale underwings.

Distribution
Formerly restricted to the Black Sea and the eastern Mediterranean this species has now expanded over most of Europe as far as Great Britain and Ireland, with 37 sites: 543–592 pairs in the United Kingdom in 2008. In Ireland breeding has been recorded in at least four counties. Breeding has also occurred in Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Estonia, Switzerland, the Czech Republic, Hungary and the Balkans.

In winter, this bird migrates to Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts.

Ecology

This gull breeds in colonies in large reed beds or marshes, or on islands in lakes; where its population is small, it nests in black-headed gull colonies. Like most gulls, it is highly gregarious in winter, both when feeding or in evening roosts. It is not a pelagic species, and is rarely seen at sea far from coasts.

The Mediterranean gull's feeding habits are much an opportunistic omnivore, eating fish, worms, insects, eggs, young birds, offal and carrion.

This is a noisy species, especially at colonies, with a nasal "yeah" call.

Conservation
The Mediterranean gull is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.

References

External links

Mediterranean gull
Birds of Europe
Birds of West Asia
Mediterranean gull
Articles containing video clips
Taxobox binomials not recognized by IUCN
Taxa named by Coenraad Jacob Temminck

Mediterranean gull


The Fairchild Channel F (also known as Channel F) is a home video game console. The "F" in the name stands for "Fun". It was designed by Jerry Lawson and released in November 1976 by Fairchild Camera and Instrument in the United States for a price of 169.95 $. It is the first console that uses ROM cartridges and a microprocessor. By 1977, 250,000 Fairchild Channel F consoles were sold. The production ended in 1983.

Licensed versions
Many licensed versions were released in Europe. For example, the Luxor Video Entertainment System (Sweden), Adman Grandstand (United Kingdom), Saba Videoplay, Nordmende Teleplay, ITT Tele-Match Processor (Germany) and Dumont/Barco Videoplay (Italy and Belgium).

Games
26 cartridges were officially released for the Fairchild Channel F. Some cartridges have several games included. Each cartridge was sold for 19.95 $. On November 5, 2009, a homebrew game, a version of Pac-Man, was released.

List of games

 Integrated with console: Hockey, Tennis
 Videocart-1: Tic-Tac-Toe, Shooting Gallery, Doodle, Quadra-Doodle
 Videocart-2: Desert Fox, Shooting Gallery
 Videocart-3: Video Blackjack
 Videocart-4: Spitfire
 Videocart-5: Space War
 Videocart-6: Math Quiz (Addition & Subtraction)
 Videocart-7: Math Quiz (Multiplication & Division)
 Videocart-8: Mind Reader, Nim (also referred to as Magic Numbers)
 Videocart-9: Drag Strip
 Videocart-10: Maze, Cat and Mouse
 Videocart-11: Backgammon, Acey-Deucey
 Videocart-12: Baseball
 Videocart 13: Robot War/Torpedo Alley
 Videocart-14: Sonar Search
 Videocart-15: Memory Match
 Videocart 16: Dodge-It
 Videocart-17: Pinball Challenge
 Videocart-18: Hangman
 Videocart-19: Checkers
 Videocart-20: Video Whizball
 Videocart-21: Bowling
 Videocart-22: Slot Machine
 Videocart-23: Galactic Space Wars
 Videocart-24: Pro-Football
 Videocart-25: Casino Poker
 Videocart-26: Alien Invasion
 Videocart-27: Pac-Man (homebrew)

Technical specifications

 RAM: 64 byte
 VRAM: 2 kilobyte
 CPU: Fairchild F8 operating at 1.79 MHz
 Display resolution: 128 × 64 pixels
 Colors: eight colors
 Audio: 500 Hz, 1 kHz, and 1.5 kHz tones. The tones can be modulated to produce more tones. The sound is played through internal speakers build in the console, not through the television.
 Input: two custom game controllers, hardwired to the console

Successor

In 1979, the successor named Fairchild Channel F System II was released.

References

Other websites

Fairchild Channel F Pac-Man emulator
Video game consoles

Fairchild Channel F


Confuciusornis is a genus of primitive crow-sized birds from the Lower Cretaceous. It was found in the Yixian and Jiufotang Formations of China, dating from 125 to 120 million years ago. The bird was named after the Chinese moral philosopher Confucius (551–479 BC).

Like modern birds, Confuciusornis had a toothless beak, but close relatives of modern birds such as Hesperornis and Ichthyornis were toothed. This shows that the loss of teeth occurred more than once, in Confuciusornis and in ancestors of modern birds. This is an example of convergent evolution.

Confuciusornis is the oldest known bird to have a beak. It is also the first known bird to have lost the long tail of Archaeopteryx and develop fused tail vertebrae (a pygostyle).

Confuciusornis is one of the most abundant vertebrates found in the Yixian Formation, and several hundred complete, articulated specimens have been found.

The proportions of the toes suggest that they were used for both walking and perching, while the large claws of the thumb and third finger were probably used for climbing. The head probably had a small crest or tuft.

Flight
The orientation of the shoulder joint was sideways, instead of angled upward as in modern birds; this means that Confuciusornis was unable to lift its wings above its back. Like Archaeopteryx, it was thus incapable of the upstroke required for flapping flight. This conclusion is not established at present. Peters sees Confuciusornis as capable of flapping flight but specialising in soaring flight. The bird's weight has also been debated.

An argument from Gregory Paul noted that Confuciusornis is commonly found as large groups in lake bottom sediments with little to no evidence of the bodies being moved after death. It would be highly unusual for gliding animals to be found in such large numbers in deep water. Rather, this evidence suggests that Confuciusornis traveled in large flocks over the lake surfaces, a habitat consistent with a flying animal.

Colour
In early 2010, a group of scientists led by Zhang Fucheng examined fossils with preserved melanosomes (organelles which contain colour pigments). By studying the fossils with an electron microscope, they found melanosomes preserved in a fossil Confuciusornis specimen.
The melanosomes where of two types, which indicates that Confuciusornis had hues of grey, red/brown and black, possibly something like the modern zebra finch.

References

Cretaceous birds
Fossils
Feathered dinosaurs

Confuciusornis


A hesperidium () is a modified berry with a tough, leathery rind.

Etymology
Carl Linnaeus gave the name Hesperideæ to an order containing the genus Citrus, in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides.

Development
The outer ovary wall becomes the thick spongy layer of the rind, while the inner ovary wall becomes very juicy with several seeds. The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. The fleshy interior is composed of separate sections, called carpels, filled with fluid-filled vesicles that are specialized hair cells.

Uses
Oranges, lemons, limes, and grapefruit are all common examples of hesperidia. Unlike most other berries, the rind of cultivated hesperidia is generally not eaten with the fruit because it is tough and bitter. A common exception is the kumquat, which is consumed entirely.

The outermost, pigmented layer of rind contains essential oils and is known as the flavedo. When scraped off and used as a culinary ingredient it is called zest. A confection called succade can also be produced by candying the inner rind (known as pith or albedo) of the citron or lemon.

See also

 Fruit anatomy

References

External links

Fruit morphology
Rutaceae

Hesperidium


Dana James Boente ( Bent-Ë) (born February 7, 1954) is an American attorney who served as General Counsel of the FBI from January 2018 to 2020, United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia from September 2013 to January 2018, and as the Acting United States Attorney General from January to February 2017. He also served as acting assistant attorney general for the National Security Division of the United States Department of Justice. On October 27, 2017, Boente announced he would resign from the Department of Justice after a successor is in place. On January 23, 2018, Boente was named general counsel to the FBI by the director Christopher A. Wray, filling the vacancy after James Baker's reassignment to another part of the bureau.

Early life and education
Boente was born in Carlinville, Illinois in 1954 to James and Doris Boente. Boente received a Bachelor of Science degree in business administration in 1976 from Saint Louis University and his Master of Business Administration in 1977. He then attended the Saint Louis University School of Law, receiving his Juris Doctor in 1982.

Career
In 1982, Boente began his career as a law clerk for Chief U.S. District Judge J. Waldo Ackerman for the Central District of Illinois. In 1984, he joined the Tax Division's Criminal Section as part of the Attorney General's Honors Program. Boente became an Assistant U.S. Attorney in the Fraud Unit of the Eastern District of Virginia in 2001.

In December 2012, Boente was appointed by President Barack Obama to serve as the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia, a position he held until September 2013. He became the Acting U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia by virtue of the Vacancy Reform Act on September 23, 2013, and served in that position until December 15, 2015. In this role, he was involved in the sentencing of former Virginia governor Bob McDonnell and his wife Maureen. He stated that, "No one is above the law... not a high public official, not even the highest public official [in Virginia]." McDonnell's conviction was unanimously overturned by the United States Supreme Court on June 27, 2016, with Chief Justice John Roberts declaring that McDonnell's actions as governor were "tawdry", but agreed that instructions to the jury in his case about what constitutes "official acts" were so broad, they could cover almost any action a public official takes. The Justice Department, against the wishes of Boente's office, decided not to re-try either McDonnell and dismissed all charges.

He was nominated on October 8, 2015, and confirmed by the United States Senate on December 15, 2015, as the 60th U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia and was confirmed by the United States Senate via voice vote on December 15, 2015. Boente was one of the 46 United States Attorneys ordered by Attorney General Jeff Sessions on March 10, 2017 to tender their resignation; Trump declined to accept his.

Boente was not in the line of succession of the Attorney General of the United States pursuant to Executive Order 13762 signed by President Barack Obama before leaving office. He was appointed by President Donald Trump as Acting Attorney General on January 30, 2017, after Acting Attorney General Sally Yates was dismissed by Trump earlier that evening. When Jeff Sessions was confirmed and sworn in as Attorney General on February 9, 2017, Boente became Acting Deputy Attorney General. Also on February 9, 2017, Trump signed Executive Order 13775 to replace Obama's EO, an action which modified the order of succession to add Boente to the list.

Sessions recused himself from all matters pertaining to American presidential campaigns because of revelations that he had communications with Russian Ambassador to the U.S. Sergey Kislyak during the 2016 United States presidential election, Boente was designated to perform the functions of the Attorney General with respect to campaign issues until the permanent deputy attorney general, Rod J. Rosenstein, was confirmed and sworn into office which took place on April 25, 2017.

On October 27, 2017 Boente announced his intention to resign as U.S. Attorney and as acting assistant attorney general for the National Security Division; he said he would remain in the positions until a replacement is confirmed.

On January 23, 2018, Boente was named general counsel to the FBI by Director Christopher Wray, filling the vacancy after James Baker's reassignment to another part of the bureau.

On May 29, 2020, Boente resigned from the Federal Bureau of Investigation, effective June 30.

Personal life
Boente has lived in Northern Virginia since 1984.

References

External links

|-

|-

1954 births
Living people
People from Carlinville, Illinois
Saint Louis University School of Law alumni
Trump administration cabinet members
United States Attorneys for the Eastern District of Virginia
United States Attorneys General

Dana Boente


Fernando García de Hita (or de Fita; floruit 1097–1125) was a Castilian nobleman, traditionally considered the founder of the noble House of Castro. He governed the lordships of Hita and Guadalajara, and frequently attended the royal court under King Alfonso VI and Queen Urraca.

Parentage
"Fernando García de Hita" is a conventional name. Contemporary documents only record Fernando with his patronymic, which may also be spelled "Garcés" or "Garciaz" and indicates that his father's name was García. In one charter, Queen Urraca refers to Fernando as "our cousin, Sir Fernando García" (uobis annaia don Ferrando Garciez). In another, she refers to Fernando's second wife as "my cousin" (mea cogermana). The ancestries of both Urraca and Fernando's second wife are well known and they were not blood relations, the charters can only refer to a blood relation between Urraca and Fernando, simplest to explain by viewing Fernando as the son of Urraca's uncle, King García II of Galicia.  Were this the case, Fernando would probably have been born to a mistress while García was in captivity.  Other evidence points to Fernando being the son of Count García Ordóñez de Nájera.  The Muslim historian Ibn Abi Zar recorded that a "son of Count García" (Iben al-Zand Garsís) held the towns of Guadalajara and Hita.  Were Fernando legitimate son of Count García by his first wife, the royal princess Urraca Garcés of Navarre, he would likewise be a cousin of Queen Urraca.

Career
In twelfth-century León and Castile, it was uncommon for the lords of the southern frontier—whose primary responsibility was defence against the Almoravids—to frequently attend the itinerant royal court. Fernando seems to have done both. He was given charge of several frontier fiefs (tenencias) and still managed to witness to twelve royal charters during the reign of Urraca. He was the royal official (alcalde) in charge of Guadalajara and Medinaceli in 1107. According to the Anonymous Chronicles of Sahagún, in 1111 Fernando convinced Count Henry of Portugal to break his alliance with King Alfonso I of Aragon and Navarre, and then negotiated a renewed alliance between Alfonso and Urraca after the latter distanced herself from Count Henry. The Historia Compostellana also refers to the aid a certain "Count Fernando" gave his relative, Queen Urraca, at this time, but historians are divided as to whether this is a reference to Fernando García de Hita, since there is no other evidence that he ever received the title of "count".

Wives and children
Fernando's first wife was Tegridia.  Based on her son being called sobrinus of Count Rodrigo Martínez, historian Pascual Martínez Sopena concluded she was Tegridia Martínez, a sister of Count Rodrigo and daughter of Count Martín Flaínez and his wife Sancha Fernández, while Jaime de Salazar y Acha concluded she was Tegridia Fernández, sister of Sancha and aunt of Count Rodrigo. Either would make her cousin of Eilo Alfonso, wife of powerful count Pedro Ansúrez. José María Canal Sánchez-Pagín simply calls her a member of the Ansúrez family. She died before her husband, leaving him two sons: Gutierre Fernández de Castro and Rodrigo Fernández de Castro.

Fernando married his second wife, Stephanie (Estefanía), daughter of Count Ermengol V of Urgell, probably in early 1119, while she was still quite young. On 12 November 1119 Fernando had a grant of bridewealth (carta de arras) drawn up for his second wife. He bestowed on her his half of properties at Castrojeriz and Cerrato, which he had acquired with his first wife and which had been divided between him and his children by Tegridia at her death. He also granted Stephanie the half he claimed of some properties at Cevico and Uceda, which he and Stephanie had previously acquired together. Earlier that year, in April or May, Queen Urraca had granted those lands at Uceda and some others at Hita to the betrothed or recently married couple. On 30 June she granted the lands at Cevico to Stephanie to be held independently of her husband or his existing children. Fernando disregarded this royal charter, placing greater stock in aristocratic custom based on Visigothic law, by which he acquired one half of all his wife's acquisitions during their marriage.

Fernando and Stephanie had two daughters: Urraca Fernández and Sancha Fernández. Urraca, probably conceived shortly after their marriage, was betrothed to Count Rodrigo Martínez, who granted her a bridewealth on 29 November 1129, when she was probably only ten years old. Stephanie also bore Fernando two sons: Pedro Fernández de Castro, who became the first Grand Master of the Order of Santiago, and Martín Fernández de Castro.

Fernando died about 1125. Stephanie, ten years a widow and still young, married Count Rodrigo González de Lara in 1135.

Notes

Sources

12th-century deaths
Castilian nobility
Year of birth unknown
House of Castro

Fernando García de Hita


Blue cheese is a type of cheese with a fungus called Penicillium added to it. The mold makes patches or veins of it look blue. The cheese can be made from cow's milk, sheep's milk, or goat's milk. Types of it include Roquefort cheese, Stilton cheese, and Gorgonzola cheese. These names should only be used for cheeses that are made in certain areas and are protected by the European Union.

Uses
Blue cheese is commonly used in salad dressing, or Salad. It is not commonly used in sandwiches.

Gallery

References

Cheeses

Blue cheese


The furcula ("little fork" in Latin) is commonly called the wishbone. It is a forked bone in birds and
some extinct dinosaurs.

It is a strut between a bird's shoulders, and connects to each of the bird's scapulae (shoulder blades). A strut is a structure which resists compression (pushing together) along its length.

It is formed by the fusion of the two clavicles (shoulder blades). In birds, its main function is to strengthen the thoracic skeleton to withstand the forces of flight.

X-ray films of starlings in flight have shown that the furcula expands when the wings are pulled downward, and snaps back as they are raised. Acting like a spring, the furcula stores some of the energy generated by contraction of the breast muscles. Then it releases the energy during the upstroke as the furcula snaps back to the normal position. This, in turn, draws the shoulders toward the midline of the body.

Surprisingly, the furcula is not essential for flying, and there are a number of birds which can fly well, but have a reduced furcula, or none at all.

Several groups of theropod dinosaurs had furculae.

References

Birds
Bones
Animal anatomy

Furcula


They Made Me a Fugitive (released in the United States as I Became a Criminal) is a 1947 British film noir set in postwar England.

Based on the Jackson Budd novel A Convict Has Escaped, the black-and-white film was directed by Alberto Cavalcanti (credited as just Cavalcanti), with brooding and atmospheric cinematography by noted cameraman Otto Heller. The script was written by playwright Noel Langley.

Plot
Clem Morgan, demobilised from the Royal Air Force and unemployed after the war, helps in the stealing and transporting of black market goods in coffins to crime boss Narcy's (short for Narcissus) headquarters in a funeral parlour. Clem finds the activity harmless enough, until one day he finds drugs in the latest coffin. Clem objects and tells his girlfriend, Ellie, that he will quit after one last job that night, the looting of a warehouse. Narcy betrays him, triggering the burglar alarm while he is inside. Clem manages to get back in the car with Narcy and another member of the gang, Soapy, before they drive off. When Narcy orders Soapy to run down a policeman, Clem grabs the wheel in an unsuccessful attempt to save the man's life and the car crashes into a lamppost. Narcy knocks him unconscious and has him moved to the driver's seat before fleeing with Soapy. Inspector Rockliffe arrives on the scene with other police officers to find the police officer dead and Clem injured in the car.

Clem is convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to fifteen years in prison in HM Prison Dartmoor. Sally Connor, Narcy's girlfriend, visits him in prison, telling him that Narcy is now with Ellie (who has not visited Morgan in prison) and that she knows he was framed as she was told so by Cora, Soapy's girlfriend. Sally offers to try to persuade Soapy to give evidence but Clem tells her to go away.

Back in London, Sally tells Cora that she has seen Clem and wants to go and speak to Soapy to get him to tell the police what really happened, but Narcy has found out that Sally has gone to see Clem in prison and brutally beats her up.

Clem escapes from prison and the police start a manhunt for him. He seeks shelter in a remote farmhouse, where Mrs. Fenshaw lets him bathe, shave and change his clothes, and also cooks him some food. Mr. Fenshaw comes into the room, but turns out to be a hopeless drunk who is hardly aware of his surroundings. Mrs. Fenshaw then tries to get Clem to shoot her husband, stating that as he is already a murderer it won't make any difference to him. Clem refuses and leaves, but he has handled the gun, leaving his fingerprints on it, and Mrs. Fenshaw uses it to shoot her husband dead.

Clem is now wanted for the murder of Mr. Fenshaw as well, but makes his way back to London and goes to stay with Sally; he then manages to escape both the police and Narcy, but Sally is kidnapped by Narcy and his gang and taken to their hideout, where Cora is already being held. Cora is forced to tell Narcy where Soapy is hiding out (in a room in a rundown hotel nearby) and Narcy sends Jim to go and kill Soapy, which he does.

Clem, whilst trying to find Cora and Soapy, is caught by Rockliffe, who tells him that he is not convinced by Mrs. Fenshaw's story, the first indication that the police might believe in Clem's innocence. In order to use him as bait, Rockliffe lets Clem go, and he goes to the Valhalla funeral parlour to meet with Narcy's gang. After knocking other members of the gang out, Clem and Narcy end up fighting on the roof of the parlour, before Narcy falls to the ground. Rockliffe, Sally and Clem gather round, begging Narcy, who is dying, to tell the truth about who killed the policeman but Narcy sticks to his story and repeats that it was Clem, before dying. Rockliffe leads Clem away, whilst Sally promises to wait for him. The ending is rather ambiguous, as Clem presumably has to return to prison, and he is also facing a possible murder charge; all that Rockliffe can do is promise to look at any new evidence that comes up.

Cast
 Trevor Howard as Clem Morgan
 Sally Gray as Sally
 Griffith Jones as Narcy
 Rene Ray as Cora
 Mary Merrall as Aggie
 Ballard Berkeley as Inspector Rockliffe
 Charles Farrell as Curley
 Michael Brennan as Jim
 Jack McNaughton as Soapy
 Cyril Smith as Bert
 John Penrose as Shawney
 Eve Ashley as Ellen
 Vida Hope as Mrs. Fenshaw
 Maurice Denham as Mr. Fenshaw
 Sam Kydd as Eddie

Reception
According to trade papers, the film was a "notable box office attraction" at British cinemas in 1947.

Critical
"Artfully sculpted and suspenseful," wrote TV Guide, "THEY MADE ME A FUGITIVE makes for gripping, adult cinema."

References

External links

Review of film at Variety

1947 films
1947 crime drama films
British black-and-white films
British crime drama films
Film noir
Films directed by Alberto Cavalcanti
Films set in London
Films set in England
Films with screenplays by Noel Langley
Warner Bros. films
1940s British films
1940s English-language films

They Made Me a Fugitive


STAT: Standing Tall and Talented is a series of children's books written by NBA basketball player Amar'e Stoudemire. The books are partially autobiographical and tell the story of an 11-year-old Amar'e who discovers his innate talent and has to overcome many obstacles to become the success he is today.

The books are all targeted for children aged 8+. When asked why he chose to tell his stories through novels targeted at children, Amar'e said "I decided to write for children because although I am an avid reader now, I wish I had read more as a child. I hope that together with Scholastic, we can creatively inspire a new generation to read."

Home Court (2012)
Amar'e and his friends have been playing in the same court for a long time until Carlos and his friends, Yeti and Ledge, take over. The bullies keep beating Amar'e, Deuce, and Mike badly and even trashing his dad's lawn care business. Amar'e learns to overcome and manages to teach Carlos and his gang a lesson."Some people who get kicked around want to find a place to hide. Some people who get kicked want to find something to kick." This book was dedicated to Amar'e's children and brother.

Double Team (2012)
Amar'e's team (Deuce and Mike, also his friends) keep winning series of games just because of Amar'e. But soon his friends get jealous at him for "hogging" the ball, especially Deuce. To make "even", Deuce and Mike don't get a sandwich for Amar'e during lunchtime, starving him. They also make sure Amar'e gets the ball once or never. Amar'e's team ends up winning 2 and losing the other half. Overtime, a famous ball player gives Amar'e an invitation to play in another game, labeled the same date Amar'e and his friends have to play their own! He mindlessly agreed, forgetting his original team. When he finally figures out, he tells Deuce and Mike, and they get jealous. Can Amar'e juggle this situation and set things right again?

Slam Dunk (2013)
Eleven-year-old Amar'e has been playing good basketball lately, but other people are mad at Amare because he can't dunk so he gets his friends and  puts his playing time to practice to be able to dunk.
Mustafa Ismail also tries to, and he does at the end of the book after all his hard work.

Schooled (2013)
Eleven-year-old Amar'e Stoudemire has had a lot of success playing in tournaments and street ball. But now it's time to try out for his school's team. Amar'e is good enough to play with the older kids, and should probably be a starter. But the players that have been there the longest, generally get the most playing time. Amar'e must deal with helping his team in a different way than he's used to.

Most Valuable (2014)
Amar'e's idol, Overtime Tanner plans the biggest streetball tournament every year. But when Overtime gets hurt during a basketball game, he can't make the arrangements in time. Amar'e and his friends help set the tournament up. On top of that, each group of Amar'e's' friends wants him to play for their team and he's torn on what to do.

References

External links
STAT: Standing Tall and Talented at Fantastic Fiction

Series of children's books
American children's novels
American sports novels
Children's books about basketball

STAT: Standing Tall and Talented


Aidan John Davison (born 11 May 1968) is a football coach and former professional footballer who is goalkeeping coach of National League side Wrexham.

As a player, he played as a goalkeeper from 1987 until 2008. Having started his career with non-league side Billingham Synthonia, he moved on to Notts County and subsequently spent loan spells with Leyton Orient and Bury before joining the latter on a permanent deal. He went on to play for Chester City, Blackpool and Millwall before earning his biggest break yet by signing for Bolton Wanderers and in 1995 gaining promotion to the Premier League. Loan spells with Ipswich Town and Hull City followed before joining Bradford City permanently. In 1997, he signed for Grimsby Town where he arguably played some of his best football having won promotion and a domestic cup in his two years at the club. He went on to Sheffield United and then returned to Premier League football when he re-joined Bradford City in 2000. In 2003, he returned to Grimsby Town for a year before finishing his career with a four-year spell at Colchester United. In his career, he was capped three times by Northern Ireland.

In 2009 following his retirement he joined the coaching staff of Premier League Hull City and became the club's reserve team manager. In 2010, he briefly came out of retirement and signed as a player to add to the club's goalkeeping cover, however he only made the substitute bench for the reserve team he managed. In 2011, he became head coach of American side FC Jax Destroyers.

Club career

Early career
Davison was brought up in the North East of England. He played for Newcastle United in their youth team during their successful FA Youth Cup period. He was later released and in 1987 he signed terms with Non-League side Billingham Synthonia where he played 33 times and scored once. It did not take too long for the professional scouts to pick him up and he departed the club midway through the 1987–88 season

In March 1988 Davison moved to Nottingham signing with Notts County who at the time were under the stewardship of John Barnwell and were competing in the Football League Third Division. While at County he made one league appearance and was loaned out too Leyton Orient and then Bury. The Shakers re-signed Davison for a fee of £6,000 in November 1989 following his loan spell in the previous month. Whilst at Gigg Lane, Davison played under Martin Dobson, Sam Ellis and Mike Walsh. Whilst with the club he also spent time out on loan, having spells with both Chester City and Blackpool. Walsh released Davison to Millwall in the summer of 1991, and he became one of Bruce Rioch's new signings at Millwall ahead of the 1991–92 season. Davison played two seasons with Millwall, making 42 appearances in all competitions. He was named as player of the year. He also sustained a collapsed lung during a home game against Derby County which kept him out of action for 12 weeks.

Bolton Wanderers
In August 1993 Davison followed Bruce Rioch and signed with Bolton Wanderers for £125,000 where he would fight for the number one spot with Keith Branagan. In his second season for The Trotters they earned promotion to the Premier League. Davison made his Premiership debut on 22 November 1995 in a 3–2 defeat at Stamford Bridge against Chelsea. He also played in the home matches against Nottingham Forest, Liverpool, Tottenham Hotspur and Sheffield Wednesday. Wanderers however finished 20th in the league and were relegated. During the 1996–97 season Davison spent time on loan with Hull City and Ipswich Town before departing in March 1997.

Bradford City
In March 1997 he joined fellow Football League First Division Bradford City on a free transfer. Davison played in 10 matches for the West Yorkshire side but departed Valley Parade at the end 1996–97 season after successfully helping the club retain its championship status.

Grimsby Town
In the summer of 1997 Davison joined Grimsby Town on a free transfer. The club had recently slipped into the Football League Second Division and manager Alan Buckley had sought after a new number 1 keeper following the departure of Paul Crichton a year before, his replacement Jason Pearcey had failed to live up to expectations and would start the 1997–98 season as Davison's understudy. He made his Town debut on 9 August 1997 in a 1–1 draw with Bristol City. His period at Blundell Park would see him play a part in one of the most successful seasons with Grimsby defeating AFC Bournemouth in the Football League Trophy final at Wembley Stadium and a few weeks later defeating Northampton Town in the Play-Off final also at Wembley. During the 1998–99 season, Steve Croudson became his new understudy as Grimsby cemented themselves 11th spot in the First Division. During his two-year stay he helped the club set a new clean sheet record of 50 in 100 games.

Sheffield United
Davison departed Blundell Park in the summer of 1999 under the new Bosman ruling signing with Neil Warnock's fellow Championship Division side Sheffield United. His first team opportunities were limited to United's first choice keeper Simon Tracey and would only make two appearances for the Bramall Lane club, a 6–0 hammering by Manchester City and a 3–1 victory over Crystal Palace.

Return to Bradford City
In January 2000 he cut short his short stay in Sheffield and returned for a second spell at Bradford City who had been promoted to the Premier League in the previous season. He made his second Premiership Bradford City debut on 22 January 2000 in 3–2 victory over Watford. He also played in the following months 2–1 home victory over Arsenal but despite playing in six Premiership games in the remainder of the 1999–2000 season he could only make the bench as City defeated Liverpool on the final day of the season to stay in the England's top flight. During his time at City he would fight for his place with two top keepers in Gary Walsh or Matt Clarke. In the 2000–01 season Davison made three appearances in the UEFA Intertoto Cup with victories over Atlantas Klaipėda and RKC Waalwijk and a defeat against Zenit St. Petersburg. City suffered relegation during that season which meant he spent the next two seasons playing in the Championship Division. His final campaign with The Bantams was the 2002–03 season in which he was also the club's number one keeper.

Return to Grimsby Town
Davison was convinced to return to Grimsby Town in July 2003 who were now under the stewardship of former Grimsby teammate Paul Groves. Like the first time he had signed with The Mariners they had recently suffered relegation in the previous season from the second tier of English football to the third. This spell with Town however would be a lot less successful as an injury in early 2004 meant his place was contested by his under study Andrew Pettinger and Hull City loanee Alan Fettis. Grimsby, without a fit Davison suffered a second successive relegation on the last day of the 2003–04 season. His final game for Grimsby came on 24 February 2004 in a 3–2 win over Luton Town.

Colchester United
Following Grimsby's relegation in the previous campaign Davison stayed in the newly named Football League One with Colchester United. In his second season with Colchester the club earned promotion to the Football League Championship. He eventually hung his boots up at the end of the 2007–08 season having spent his final season as player coach helping his former understudy Dean Gerken. He played 109 times for United in all competitions. During Davisons time at Colchester Utd the team gained promotion, had a successful FA cup campaign playing Chelsea at Stamford Bridge. He was also a pivotal part of the team which went in a 22-game unbeaten run making Layer Road a tough place to visit.he retired from playing after tearing his left shoulder in a collision against Coventry City in a Championship game. He fought for 6 months to get back to fitness but opted to retire in 2008 after a 21-year pro career. He helped nurture Dean Gerken and Mark Cousins who went on to have successful careers.

International career

Northern Ireland
Davison made his debut against Sweden on 24 April 1996 and also played against Thailand and Germany. He was selected for over twenty full squads in a 5-year International career including European Championship and World Cup qualifier games. He played under Bryan Hamilton and Lawrie McMenemy.

Coaching career
After being released by Colchester United at the end of the 2007–08 season, he and his wife (Kristine) and kids (Ryan, Kiera, Mia) have acted upon his dream to live in United States. After which returned as reserve team manager at Hull City A.F.C.
In February 2010, he briefly came out of retirement to be named as an unused substitute for Hull City in a friendly match against Galway United, providing goalkeeping back-up for Matt Duke.

On 18 July 2011 it was announced that Davison had been appointed head coach of FC JAX Destroyers. Davison left the club a year later after they disbanded and joined American Soccer school IMG Academy as a coach. In September 2017, Davison took over head coaching duties for Sporting AZ FC from Tim Marchisotto, who became the general manager. He successfully guided Sporting AZ FC through the 2018 US Open Cup qualifying, earning a victory over United Soccer League side Phoenix Rising FC in the second. Davison's amateur-league club finally fell in the third round to USL professional side Fresno.

In 2018, Davison signed for Indian Super League side Pune FC as goalkeeping coach, later holding the same position at rivals Hyderabad FC.

On 25 June 2022, Davison returned to the United Kingdom, signing as a goalkeeping coach for National League side Wrexham.

Personal life
Davison resides in Daytona Beach, Florida, USA and runs his own successful soccer company and continues to donate time to helping local soccer talent.

Honours
Bolton Wanderers
Football League Cup runner-up: 1995

Grimsby Town
Football League Trophy winner: 1998
Second Division playoff winner: 1998

Colchester United
Football League One runner up: 2005–06

References

External links
Aidan Davison player profile at cu-fc.com
Aidan Davison player profile at grimsby-townfc.co.uk
Aidan Davison player profile at bradfordcityfc.co.uk

Aidan Davison at NIFG

1968 births
Living people
People from Sedgefield
Footballers from County Durham
Men's association footballers from Northern Ireland
Men's association football goalkeepers
Notts County F.C. players
Leyton Orient F.C. players
Bury F.C. players
Chester City F.C. players
Blackpool F.C. players
Millwall F.C. players
Bolton Wanderers F.C. players
Ipswich Town F.C. players
Hull City A.F.C. players
Bradford City A.F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Sheffield United F.C. players
Colchester United F.C. players
Northern Ireland men's international footballers
Premier League players
English Football League players
Hull City A.F.C. non-playing staff
Wrexham A.F.C. non-playing staff

Aidan Davison


The Kimber Aegis is a series of M1911 pistols chambered in 9mm Luger as well as .45 ACP and is manufactured by Kimber Manufacturing. It includes the subcompact Ultra Aegis II, the compact Pro Aegis II, and the full-sized Custom Aegis II.

The Aegis has an aluminum frame, a black steel slide with a flat top, fluted rosewood grips or crimson trace laser grips, and tritium night sights.

The Aegis has several features designed to enhance its use for concealed carry.  The aluminum frame reduces the weight of the gun.  The grips are thin, slightly decreasing the width of the pistol, and the butt is rounded.  To minimize snagging, the hammer does not have a spur, and the thumb safety and magazine release have a reduced profile.  Additionally, the edges of the gun are rounded with a "carry melt" treatment.

References

Wilson, Jim. "Why I Like Mini 1911s", Shooting Times
Venola, Richard. "A Widow's Path", Guns & Ammo, November 2007
Decker, Aaron J. "2006 Editor's Roundtable, Day Four", Guns & Ammo
"Kimber Aegis II 9mm", Gun Tests, January 17, 2007
Rodriguez, Greg. "Stylin' with Kimber's Aegis II", Guns & Ammo Annual: The Complete Book of the Model 1911, 2008
Boyd, Bob. Kimber Pro Aegis II review, American Rifleman

External links
Kimber Aegis official website

9mm Parabellum semi-automatic pistols
.45 ACP semi-automatic pistols
1911 platform
Kimber firearms
Semi-automatic pistols of the United States

Kimber Aegis


Hexham Old Bridge was an 18th-century stone bridge across the River Tyne at Hexham, Northumberland, England. It was located about  upstream of the present Hexham Bridge.

History
The Tyne was crossed by two ferries called the east (at the location of the present bridge) and the west boats (Warden Bridge). As a result of persistent agitation a bridge was started in 1767 and completed in 1770. A map of 1769 by W. Armstrong shows the bridge to the west of Hexham close by the present Old Bridge End farm. It was built by a Mr. Gait and consisted of seven arches. Less than a year later it was swept away in the great Tyne flood of 1771. In that flood eight bridges shared the fate of Hexham. In 1774 a new attempt was made fifty yards to the west by Mr. Wooler, an engineer who had been working on the new Newcastle bridge. Piles were sunk to carry the piers but work was abandoned on discovering that the "soil beneath the gravel was a quicksand with no more resistance than chaff".

Nothing remains today of Hexham Old Bridge but the name continues as the name of the adjacent farm: Old Bridge End ().

Notes

References

External links

Bridges in Northumberland
Crossings of the River Tyne
Hexham

Hexham Old Bridge


Mitochondrial import receptor subunit TOM34 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TOMM34 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is involved in the import of precursor proteins into mitochondria. The encoded protein has a chaperone-like activity, binding the mature portion of unfolded proteins and aiding their import into mitochondria. This protein, which is found in the cytoplasm and sometimes associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane, has a weak ATPase activity and contains 6 TPR repeats.

References

Further reading

Co-chaperones

TOMM34


The Ministry of Production was a British government department created in February 1942, initially under the title Ministry of War Production, but the following month "War" was dropped from the title. Its purpose was to fill a gap in the machinery of government between, on the one hand, the Ministry of Supply, the Ministry of Aircraft Production and the Admiralty, which were responsible for supplies to the Armed Forces, and, on the other hand, the Ministry of Labour and National Service, which was responsible for the distribution of labour between civilian occupations, war industries and the Armed Forces. The Ministry became was a critical part of the British administrative machine that contributed to victory over the Axis during the Second World War. Its head was the Minister of Production.

1942 establishments in the United Kingdom
United Kingdom, Production
Defunct departments of the Government of the United Kingdom

Ministry of Production


Not all armed forces have policies explicitly permitting LGBT personnel. Generally speaking, Western European militaries show a greater tendency toward inclusion of LGBT individuals. As of January 2021, 21 countries allow transgender military personnel to serve openly: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Israel, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Cuba and Thailand reportedly allowed transgender service in a limited capacity. In 1974, the Netherlands was the first country to allow transgender military personnel. The United States has allowed transgender personnel to serve in the military under varying conditions since President Joe Biden signed an executive order that allowed them to do so.

Debate about inclusion of transgender people in the military

Arguments against inclusion
There are arguments against the inclusion of transgender people in military service. One argument is based on the view that being transgender is a mental illness, and as such transgender individuals are unfit for service. This argument follows a high incidence of depression and suicide manifest in transgender individuals. This is especially pertinent in individuals who have had sex-reassignment surgery and are unsatisfied with the results; in such cases severe depression is prevalent. Hormone therapy can affect mood and a sense of well-being, a factor that counts against inclusion of transgender people and its effect on service capability. Besides the well-being argument of hormone treatment, complications may arise due to hormone treatments. Possible complications arising from estrogen and testosterone therapies include an increased risk of thromboembolic disease, myocardial infarction, breast cancer, fertility problems, stroke, abnormal liver function, renal disease, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Any of these could cause significant issues to effective military service, especially when deployed in remote areas or in field training settings. Another concern is the cost to treat transgender members in the military. A small portion of transgender soldiers seek medical intervention, yearly 30 to 140 pursue hormone treatment and 25 to 100 have surgical reassignment surgery. It is estimated that a male-to-female transition can cost between US$7,000 and $24,000; female-to-male transition can exceed US$50,000. The Defense Department's yearly budget for healthcare is $6 billion, the numbers found in the study show the cost to treat service members with GD would fall between $2.4 million and $8.4 million, that is .04 to .14 percent of the military's annual healthcare budget.

A further argument is that in order to have an effective, smooth-running military, there must be cohesion within the unit. It is argued that transgender individuals would have a negative impact on unit cohesion. "The bonds of trust among individual service members" are vital. There is a fear that if transgender personnel be allowed to serve openly, morale will be detrimentally affected. But this argument neglects to deal with the question of what kinds of structural accommodations might be needed to maintain morale and unit cohesion in such situations. Military service forces members into very intimate living quarters. Requiring members to live in situations that make them feel disconcerted and uncomfortable may result in their performance being undermined.

Arguments for inclusion
By excluding a demographic from equal service, militaries are overtly intensifying the stigma of that group's civic inferiority. This is supported by the notion that all citizens are obligated to serve their nations if the need arises. Allowing transgender military personnel to serve openly without fear of exclusion would be a huge step toward equality. It has been recognized by some academics that the inclusion of all LGBT personnel in the military is more than a mere human rights issue, it is argued that for militaries to survive in the twenty-first century diversity is critical.

With advancements in the current understanding of human experience, sexual identity is now better understood. Where being transgender was once considered a paraphilic disorder, the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders places being transgender in a separate chapter, terming the condition gender dysphoria. It is argued that militaries that exclude transgender people on grounds of mental illness, whose policies pathologize gender dysphoria, are at odds with the current medical understanding. This argument requires that transgender personnel be treated by the same level of medical care as all other personnel, in accordance with established medical practice.

Experts argue that there is no empirical evidence that supports the argument that transgender people are unfit for service. Often cited are factors such as a supposed predisposition of transgender individuals to problems such as depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts; this is countered by the prevalence of these same issues in the LGBT community, yet in many countries their service is not excluded. By creating a more accepting environment, distress that transgender personnel feel might be mitigated if they may serve openly with full support.

Whilst militaries often cite the high medical cost of transgender people, they fail to reconcile this argument with current standards with other service members. For example, militaries often allow hormone treatments for an array of reasons and conditions, besides gender dysphoria; a common hormone treatment being contraceptive. Furthermore, the often cited risks of cross hormone treatment are rare, and not likely to cause any significant issues to the military. Whilst the cost of gender reassignment surgery is high, it is suggested that fewer than 2% of transgender members per year will choose to undergo gender reassignment surgery.

Perhaps one of the most supporting arguments is based on the experiences of the 18 countries that currently allow transgender service. Research on the impacts of allowing LGBT to serve openly in the Israeli Defense Forces, British Armed Forces, and Canadian Armed Forces found no necessary negative impacts on performance, unit cohesion or morality. The idea of unit cohesion can also be demonstrated by a social study conducted less than one year prior to the repeal of the ban preventing transgender personnel from serving openly in the United States military. Morten G. Ender, David E. Rohall, and Michael D. Matthews presented the American military academy, Reserve Officers Training Corps, and civilian undergraduates with a survey to assess the general attitude on the prospect of the transgender community serving in the U.S. Armed Forces. After statistical analysis, 50.8% of individuals disagreed with the ban. In regards to productivity, 72.6% of subjects say that transgender inclusion would have no impact on their ability to do their job. Finally, on the subject of visibility, 21.8% of those interviewed said they would want transgender individuals to tell them their gender preferences, 56.1% said no preference. Overall, based on this study one year prior to the ban, the majority of the people that participated in the survey showed overwhelming support towards the inclusion of the transgender community in the United States military.

In October 2017, ruling that a renewed ban within the US military should not go into force, US District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly stated that the evidence presented up to that time showed that "all of the reasons proffered ... for excluding transgender individuals from the military in this case were not merely unsupported, but were actually contradicted by the studies, conclusions and judgment of the military itself".

Status of transgender people in the military by country

Australia
Eighteen years after the Australian Defence Force lifted their ban on gay and lesbian service, the ADF reversed policy that excluded transgender people from military service. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

It is believed that the Australian Defence Force was the last agency whose policy specifically allowed for firing employees for transitioning gender. The ADF policy supports diversity in the military identifying LGBTI as a main priority, whose key objective is to position the ADF as an employer of choice, who as an organisation respects and supports the inclusion of gender diverse persons.

In 2013 Australian law formally codified protections against discrimination based on gender identity by including federal protections for LGBTI in the Sex Discrimination Act 1984. There are approximately 15 transgender service member who are openly living as their identified gender, with the support of ADF ranking officials who have been vocally committed to creating an inclusive and diverse military environment.

In a One Plus One interview with ABC News ADF's highest ranking transgender service member Lieutenant Colonel Cate McGregor speechwriter to the Chief of Army, Lieutenant General David Morrison AO, stated that the Chief of Army took the view that the "army could not survive if it became a demographic ghetto" and described an underbelly within the military whose culture was to exclude those who are different. In the wake of the Jedi Council sex scandal Chief of Army released a strongly worded statement urging all service members to show moral courage, to stand against any person degrading another individual. He further stated that he will "be ruthless in ridding the army of people who cannot live up to its values".

Whilst there might still be a long road to full acceptance of the transgender community in Australia, transgender service members and their families are supported by DEFGLIS whose aim is to support LGBTI personnel and families, strengthen defence capability through inclusion, and educate the workforce about diversity.

Austria
As of 2014, Austria allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Belgium
As of 2014, Belgium allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Bolivia
The Armed Forces of Bolivia announced in 2013 that LGBT citizens would be allowed to serve beginning in 2015. As of 2014, Bolivia allowed transgender people to serve openly in the military. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Brazil
There is no law forbidding transgender people from serving in the Brazilian Armed Forces. Sexual orientation and gender identity cannot be an obstacle for entry into the police force or the military in Brazil, and some trans women and travestis can be conscripted, like some Brazilian male citizens. According to a survey conducted by the Institute of Applied Economic Research (IPEA) in 2012, 63.7% of Brazilians support the entry of LGBT individuals into the Brazilian Armed Forces, and do not see it as a problem.

Canada
In 1997, Seargent Sylvia Durand became the first serving member of the Canadian Forces to transition from male to female, and became the first member of any military worldwide to transition openly while serving under the Flag.  On Canada Day of 1998, the military changed her name from Sylvain to Sylvia and changed her sex designation on all of her personal file documents. In 1999, the military paid for her Sex Reassignment Surgery.  Sylvia continued to serve and got promoted to the rank of Warrant Officer.  When she retired in 2012, after more than 31 years of service, she was the assistant to the Canadian Forces Chief Communications Operator.

As of 2014, Canada allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Chile

Chile allows transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. In 2012, the Law against Discrimination entered into force, which includes sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression as protected categories. Since then, the Chilean Armed Forces officially repealed all internal regulations that prevented LGBT people from entering the Army, adapting the institution's practices and regulations to current legislation, allowing since then to openly serve gays, lesbians, bisexuals and transgender people.

In 2020, the Chilean Army officially incorporated a transgender man, Benjamín Barrera Silva, into its ranks for the first time.

Czechia
As of 2014, the Czechia allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Denmark
As of 2014, Denmark allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Estonia
As of 2014, Estonia allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Finland
As of 2014, Finland allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

France
As of 2014, France allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

In France, the military is sometimes initially more accepting of transgender service members than civilian authorities are, at least in some localities and jurisdictions, but they are also influenced by rulings of civilian courts which have strict requirements about changing identity documents. One service member was whipsawed by initially positive reception in the military, later overruled after a civilian court decision.

In 2009, a transgender Adjutant in the French Air Force who had already served 18 years as a man, returned to her unit in Nancy as a woman after a sick leave. Her superiors took stock of the situation, and provided the necessary uniforms and military papers with her new name. Delphine Ravisé-Giard was reintegrated into the military smoothly and without incident. On the other hand, she had difficulties in civilian life, such as when presenting her driver's license, passport, or other papers. The military then issued a request to the Nancy  to have her gender and name altered on her birth certificate, but their decision was negative based on the fact that she had not yet undergone sex reassignment surgery so her situation was reversible. A 1992 decision by the Cour de cassation (Court of Appeals) requires those wishing to change their legal documents to show proof of being diagnosed with "transsexual syndrome" which is listed as a long-term psychiatric disorder in France, and to have undergone surgical intervention, but the Adjutant declared that she had no "long-term psychiatric disorder", and any question about any surgical interventions she had or did not have was her private affair. Her lawyer insinuated that the real reason for the denial had to do with her ability to still have a child, and that the court's objective was sterilization before they would accord a legal name and gender change. The Commissioner for Human Rights of the European Council said that a transgender person "seeking to have their gender identity legally recognized should not be forced to submit to sterilization or to any other medical treatment."

However, in December, following the District Court decision, Hervé Morin, the Minister of Defense, ordered her to turn in her military papers, which she did. Meanwhile, she discovered that the name on her pay stub reverted to her old name, that the military supplement that women service members receive for feminine undergarments had been removed, and that the military was even going to dock her pay for the supplement she received while serving two years as a woman.

Germany
As of 2014, Germany allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Iran
As of 2017, Iran requires all male citizens over age 18 to serve in the military except for transgender women, who are classified as having mental disorders. New military identity cards listed the subsection of the law dictating this exemption. This practice of identifying transgender individuals put them at risk of physical abuse and discrimination.

Ireland
Commenting in July 2017 on the Trump administration's decision to roll back service in the U.S. military by openly transgender personnel, Taoiseach Leo Varadkar said, "On the transgender ban, it is not something I agree with." He further indicated that Ireland had never formally banned transgender military service and that he would not consider introducing such a ban.

Israel

As of 2014, Israel allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Netherlands
As of 2014, the Netherlands allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

New Zealand
The New Zealand Defence Force has been lauded as a world leader in diversity and for support of the LGBTQI community, and has been ranked as number one for integration of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender personnel into the nation's military.

With the addition of the Human Rights Act to the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act in 1994, discrimination based on sexual orientation was criminalised. Although there is no specific reference to transgender people in the New Zealand statute, it has been held by the Solicitor General that protections for transgender people did in fact come under the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 under the sex discrimination provision. Whilst the Human Rights Commission and many activists still assert the need for an express provision in the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act to properly protect transgender people from discrimination, the NZDF as an equal opportunity employer does not discriminate on the basis of gender identity. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

In support of maintaining diversity and inclusiveness the Chief of Defence Force approved the establishment of a support group for the military's LGBTI personnel. In 2012 an organisation called the NZDF Overwatch was launched within the defence force. Overwatch provides peer support and networking within the defence force to the LGBTI community, both in uniform and out. The organisation also offers education and guidance to command and commanders.
The NZDF and Overwatch was recognised for their inclusiveness and approach to equal employment opportunity being named the Supreme award winner of the ANZ and Equal Employment Opportunities Trust, Diversity Awards NZ 2013.

Norway
As of 2014, Norway allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Philippines
As of 2017, the Philippines allow members of the LGBT community including transgender people to serve in its military. However gender expression is subject to restrictions which affects transgender people's ability to present as the gender they identifies as such as regulations on uniform. The military implements its standards depending on the personnel's "gender reflected on their certificate of live birth".

Spain
As of 2014, Spain allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Sweden
As of 2014, Sweden allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

Thailand
In Thailand, males 21 years of age and above can serve voluntarily for six months in the military. If they opt not to if they got selected in the annual draft lottery they must serve for two years.

Transgender women/kathoeys are not exempted and are still legally required to show up for the military conscription event on draft day regardless of their transition status or presentation. Identity documents can't be legally changed in the country. Those who have underwent sex reassignment surgery (SRS) and those who are deemed to have taken up "a female appearance" are automatically exempted from being drafted. Those who have a "male appearance" would have to undergo a medical test to get an exemption.

Those who underwent SRS are exempted for the next two years while those diagnosed with gender identity disorder are exempted for life.

As a result, on draft day, lines of people awaiting processing may include transgender women in makeup and feminine attire, waiting along with the male draftees. Contrary to the wide impression of acceptance of transgender women in Thailand, many complain about being treated as second-class citizens, and of the stress of being undressed or publicly humiliated. Some transgender women were still drafted.

United Kingdom
As of 2014, the United Kingdom allowed transgender people to serve openly in its military forces. The policy of inclusion was reportedly still in effect in 2017.

United States

The United States' military policy previously allowed for exclusion of transgender people from service on medical grounds. While cisgender gay, lesbian, and bisexual service members were allowed to serve openly since 2011, transgender service members risked discharge if they did not pass as their assigned sex. This required that service members conceal their gender identities throughout service.

It was estimated that in 2008–2009 there were approximately 15,500 transgender individuals either serving on active duty or in the National Guard or Army Reserve forces within the U.S. Military.

A 2016 study based on previous research estimated that only between 1,320 and 6,630 transgender individuals served on active duty and between 830 and 4,160 in reserve duty, with midrange figures of 2,450 in active duty and 1,510 in reserves. Regardless of how many transgender individuals are members or veterans of the United States Armed Forces, transgender individuals are between 2-5 times more likely to serve in the military than their cisgender (non-trans) counterparts, primarily due to the provision of both financial security and a sense of belonging to a community. These reasons contribute to the belief that the United States Armed Forces is one of the largest, if not the largest, employer of transgender Americans.

A key controversy and concern for transgender service members is the use of military medical services to transition from one gender to another.

Different administrations' policies since 2016 regarding transgender people and military service has varied, as described in the summary below:

Barack Obama administration
On 22 August 2013, the day after her sentencing at an Army court-martial, U.S. soldier Chelsea Manning issued a public statement declaring herself to be a transgender woman. In 2014, while incarcerated in the United States Disciplinary Barracks, Manning filed a lawsuit against Secretary of Defense Hagel for failing to provide appropriate medical treatment necessary for her gender transition. In a military first, hormone therapy to assist with Manning's gender conformity was approved in early 2015 and added to her treatment plan along with other provisions such as cosmetics and female undergarments.

Air Force Secretary Deborah Lee James openly supported a change to the military's transgender policy, stating in 2014 that it was likely to be reviewed in the next year or so. In February 2015, Secretary of Defense Ashton Carter stated he was open minded about including transgender people in the military and that nothing but individual lack of merit should preclude such people from service. Carter's statement was later endorsed by President Obama.

On 19 August 2015, Carter stated in a memo that the Defense Department had begun the process of dismantling the ban and that transgender people would be able to openly serve in the U.S. military by 27 May 2016. Department of Defense regulations that ban transgender persons from US military service were repealed on 30 June 2016. Beginning on that date, otherwise qualified United States service members could not any longer be discharged, denied reenlistment, involuntarily separated, or denied continuation of service because of being transgender.

Donald Trump administration
On 26 July 2017, US President Donald Trump announced that transgender people would no longer be allowed to serve in the US military. The following day, General Joseph Dunford, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, stated that openly transgender people will continue to be allowed to serve until Trump provides direction to James Mattis, the Secretary of Defense.

The Palm Center released, on 1 August 2017, a letter signed by 56 retired generals and admirals opposing the proposed ban on transgender military service members. The letter stated that if implemented, the ban "would cause significant disruptions, deprive the military of mission-critical talent and compromise the integrity of transgender troops who would be forced to live a lie, as well as non-transgender peers who would be forced to choose between reporting their comrades or disobeying policy".

On 9 August 2017, five transgender United States military personnel sued Trump and top Pentagon officials over the proposed banning of transgender people from serving in the military. The suit asks the court to prevent the ban from going into effect. Two major LGBT-rights organizations filed a petition in the United States District Court in Washington on behalf of the five transgender service members.

Trump signed a presidential memorandum, dated 25 August 2017, directing the Secretary of Defense and Secretary of Homeland Security to submit an implementation plan by 21 February 2018, to reinstate the ban and halt the use of military funds for "sex reassignment surgical procedures for military personnel". On 30 October 2017, US District Judge Colleen Kollar-Kotelly barred the administration from excluding transgender people from military service in Jane Doe v. Trump, but did not address whether federal funds should be used to pay for sex reassignment surgery for service members. The ruling also stated that as far as could be seen, "all of the reasons proffered by the president for excluding transgender individuals from the military in this case were not merely unsupported, but were actually contradicted by the studies, conclusions and judgment of the military itself".

In November 2017, the Defense Health Agency for the first time approved payment for sex reassignment surgery for an active-duty US military service member. The patient, an infantry soldier who is a trans woman, had already begun a course of treatment for gender reassignment. The procedure, which the treating doctor deemed medically necessary, was performed on 14 November at a private hospital, since US military hospitals lack the requisite surgical expertise. On 11 December, Kollar-Kotelly ruled that the government must accept transgender recruits into the military by 1 January 2018. After the ruling, the Department of Justice appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit to issue a stay on the district court's ruling. The Pentagon confirmed on 26 February 2018 that the first transgender recruit had signed a contract to join the military.

On 23 March 2018, President Trump banned transgender and transsexual people with current or previous gender dysphoria from serving in the U.S. military. However, the Pentagon said they would comply with the court decision until it is reversed. The policy was stayed in Karnoski vs. Trump (Western District of Washington) on 13 April 2018, when the court ruled that the 2018 memorandum essentially repeated the same issues as its predecessor order from 2017, that transgender service members (and transgender individuals as a class) were a protected class entitled to strict scrutiny of adverse laws (or at worst, a quasi-suspect class), and ordered that matter continue to a full trial hearing on the legality of the proposed policy.

On 22 January 2019, the US Supreme Court allowed President Trump's transgender military ban to go into effect while the ban was litigated in lower courts. On 12 March 2019, acting Deputy Defense Secretary David Norquist signed a directive to allow Trump's policy to take effect in 30 days.

Joe Biden administration
On Biden's first day in office, his press secretary, Jen Psaki, announced in a press conference that the President would soon reverse the government's ban on transgender people from serving openly in the military, though a specific date for this action was not announced. Although Biden had originally said that reversing the ban would be an action taken "on day one", this had been unable to happen due to the fact that his nominee for Secretary of Defense, Lloyd Austin, had still not been confirmed yet.

On 25 January 2021, President Biden signed an executive order to reverse the ban, allowing most transgender individuals to serve in the United States military. The order also required the United States Department of Homeland Security to lift its transgender service ban as well. The order immediately revoked both The Presidential Memorandum of March 23, 2018 (Military Service by Transgender Individuals) and the Presidential Memorandum of August 25, 2017 (Military Service by Transgender Individuals), and also requires the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security, with respect to the Coast Guard, holds consultation with the Joint Chiefs of Staff to determine how to best implement a full reversal. Biden's order prohibited any service member from being forced out of the military on the basis of gender identity. On April 30, 2021, the Pentagon enacted a new policy which called for better medical service access and gender marker assistance to transgender people in the United States military.

See also
 Sexual orientation and military service

References

External links
Palm Center: Blueprints for Sound Public Policy
LGBTInclusion The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies
SPARTA A Transgender Military Advocacy Organization

Transgender rights
Human rights

Transgender people and military service


Howard Hoffman (born October 6, 1954)  is an American voice actor and a broadcast branding producer in New York, NY. He also operates the internet radio station Great Big Radio. He was also a presenter of Contemporary Hit Radio shows in New York City, Chicago, San Francisco, Providence, Phoenix and Houston.

Hoffman is currently the Creative Services/Production Director of WOR (AM)/iHeartMedia New York.

Early career

Howard's first radio job came in 1971 during his senior year in Suffern High School. An English Teacher (and faculty adviser of the school radio station WSHS), Hank Gross, was working at WTBQ Radio in Warwick, NY on weekends and brought in Howard to do odd jobs like news-gathering, music filing and an occasional newscast. The station hired him full-time shortly thereafter, and he did the 2pm-to-signoff shift. While finishing his final year in high school, Howard also took on the role of music director, and the station made a transition from a "beautiful music" format to a more adult contemporary sound.

After a brief stint in Spring Valley, NY, Howard landed his first Top 40 job doing evenings on WALL in Middletown, NY in 1973. It was here where Howard found his voice, relying heavily on listener phone participation. What set the show apart was the inclusion of local and national pop culture topics as well as humorously touching on the news as part of the show's fabric, along with the hits and oldies. Hoffman said, "… that's where I first started doing stuff like putting callers on the air, clowning around with them, hanging up on them … and they loved it." Howard also included pre-recorded parodies and sketches, which were a coveted talent that set apart the top DJ entertainers. This did not go unnoticed, and in 1974, he was hired at WDRQ in Detroit for his production and on-air skills.

New York City and Beyond
In 1975, Howard was picked up by WPIX-FM in New York City – originally as a fill-in host before taking the reins as WPIX's permanent evening host on the station's "Disco 102." After initial success, the disco craze eventually fizzled, so Howard set his sights on an area he always loved, New England.

This drew him to WPRO-FM in Providence, Rhode Island, which gave him free rein to do an evening show with even more irreverent humor and poking fun at the music he had to play. This sparked some hilarious conversations with listeners who gleefully took on Howard – either in agreement or rage. A highlight of Hoffman's tenure happened on February 5, 1978, during the Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978. He and several other WPRO AM and FM staffers were stranded at the radio station for three days. With the FM discontinued and its transmitter unreachable, WPRO's AM and FM staff double-teamed on the AM and brought non-stop news and information to the area. Howard calls this his "first true radio moment" – in how the medium can be a galvanizing force in bringing a community together in an emergency.

WABC
In 1979, Rick Sklar, vice president in charge of programming for ABC Radio, sought out and hired Howard to take over the evening show at their Houston FM station, KAUM. The station had just switched formats to CHR (contemporary hit radio – the new moniker for "Top 40") and despite his New York upbringing, Howard was a hit at KAUM, bringing the station to within striking distance of the long-established CHR leader, KRBE.

In late 1979, Howard got what everyone in the radio business refers to as "THE call" when WABC, New York, program director Al Brady Law offered him the coveted evening slot as part of a major restructuring of WABC's lineup. As it turned out, it was while Howard was in Providence that Law listened to his show while Law was programming WHDH in Boston. Howard jumped at the chance and became one of the last on-air hires of WABC's MusicRadio era.

To accommodate his phone-intensive act, WABC installed an extra mixing board and a telephone hybrid system – something the station never used previously. Ten minutes into his very first night, he showed his self-deprecating side when he said "hello" to his parents listening in Suffern – then said, "Who am I kidding? They tuned out of this mess five minutes ago."

Howard's high-energy delivery was a shock for many WABC listeners, who were accustomed to the station's more "adult" approach. Critics weren't kind to this sudden shift and wondered what WABC was thinking. However, everyone involved was aware that FM was beginning to dominate the radio landscape, and Howard's arrival was designed to be part of a game-changer for the station. Long time afternoon fixture Dan Ingram was moved to mornings, Ingram sound-alike Bob Cruz was placed in the afternoons and Sturgis Griffin was brought in for overnights.

Hoffman's tenure at WABC was marked by two diverse events. First was his now notorious 1979 New Year's Eve show, just two weeks into his job. It was a huge in-studio party with WABC and WPLJ engineers, staffers and announcers while Hoffman counted down the top 100 of the year. That show continued almost two hours into 1980 before he finally reached number one. The second was the night of the killing of John Lennon, shortly after Howard took the helm of the overnight show. WABC became a mix of all-news and all-Beatles throughout that night, with Hoffman anchoring the event.

Despite an improvement in listenership, the handwriting was on the wall for AM's future, and WABC began the switch to talk in 1981 with the addition of the New York Yankees, which moved Howard to the all-night shift. Howard attempted to do an all-night talk show called The Phonebooth which was produced and co-written by his friend Tom Leykis. The show went unnoticed by WABC management, however, and Howard exited the station when he was replaced by WABC's first full-time talk show, Dr. Judith Kuriansky.

The 80s
Howard left New York to host his first morning show at KOPA in Phoenix, then moved to San Francisco in 1984 to help launch KMEL's new CHR format as their afternoon drive host. His three years at KMEL had several high points, including an appearance on NBC's Miami Vice, a charity auction of Madonna's "Like A Virgin" wedding dress, a stint as a WWE wrestling manager and an ongoing war with fans of Duran Duran (which was ended by a surprise in-studio visit by the group).

Following a short morning stint at KKFR in Phoenix, Howard returned to New York to co-host the "Howard and Stephanie" morning show on dance-oriented CHR Hot 97 (WQHT). He and Stephanie Miller occupied that slot for the better part of four years before the station went toward a more hardcore hip-hop format. During this time, he landed in the "Top 40 DJs of All Time" list compiled by Decalcomania.

Voiceover and production careers
Howard went back to San Francisco to sell the property he bought during his KMEL era and did a short stint at KFRC. It was there where he signed with Look Talent and began pursuing his voiceover career. Leykis then let him know that KABC/KMPC in Los Angeles needed a production director (KMPC carried Leykis' syndicated show at the time). The program director was none other than Al Brady Law, who hired Howard at WABC. Law was convinced that Howard would not stand for a behind-the-scenes job for more than three months, but they reached a deal nonetheless in 1994. Howard's tenure at KABC would last  years. Among the awards for creative radio promotions he received were two first place RAP awards in 2008 for two parody spots: "Obama/McCain Season" in which Hoffman did the voices of Bugs Bunny and Daffy Duck for the 2008 presidential campaign; and "KABC vs TV", a sendup of Apple's "Mac vs PC" spots. He won the same award again in 2016 for a campaign for KXL in Portland, "We Will Inform You," a reboot of Queen's "We Will Rock You."

His voice acting credits include all the characters in the Academy Award nominated animated short The Chicken from Outer Space – the pilot for Courage the Cowardly Dog. He also worked on the series Jackie Chan Adventures and on several projects for Warner Bros. and Toon Disney. His commercial credits include REI, Hostess, Kraft, the Los Angeles Dodgers, Ford, Anheuser-Busch, Audi, Post Cereals, Wawa Markets, Mattel, NBC, T-Mobile and many more. He is signed with DPN Talent of Beverly Hills for his voice acting.

On July 15, 2019, Hoffman was named Creative Services/Production Director of WOR (AM)/iHeartMedia New York.

External links
Howard Hoffman website
Great Big Radio

Howard Hoffman at Uncle Ricky's ReelRadio
Audio Of Howard Hoffman At KMEL
Video Of Howard Hoffman At KMEL
An Interview With Howard Hoffman About His Time At KMEL

References

1954 births
Living people
American male voice actors
American radio producers
American Internet celebrities
People from Suffern, New York
Male actors from Los Angeles

Howard Hoffman


The Mathews–Powell House is a Victorian house located in Queen City, Texas, United States.  The house was dedicated as a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1973 and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on September 22, 1977.

The house was built in 1878 by William Franklin Mathews (1840-1900) and his wife Harriet India Sharp. Mathews, a Confederate veteran and farmer, moved to Queen City when it was founded (1877) and became a successful merchant. Briefly owned by various people after 1895, the house was bought 1918 by Ross A. Powell (1883-1937) and wife Gussie Boyd (d. 1920). Like Mathews, Powell was a merchant.   The building remained with the Powell family for more than seventy years until it was sold in the 1990s. It now serves as the Antique Rose Bed & Breakfast.

See also

National Register of Historic Places listings in Cass County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks in Cass County

References

Texas Historic Sites Atlas

Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
Houses in Cass County, Texas
National Register of Historic Places in Cass County, Texas
Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks

Mathews–Powell House


And Her Name Was Maud is a comic strip by Frederick Burr Opper. It first appeared in the Hearst newspapers on July 24, 1904. After work as a magazine cartoonist, Opper was hired by Hearst in 1899 to draw comic strips for the New York Journal, launching Happy Hooligan, Alphonse and Gaston and And Her Name Was Maud.

Characters and story
Maud was a revenge-seeking mule belonging to farmer Si Slocum and his wife Mirandy. Most of the action was a build-up to Maud kicking someone into the air. Si was the most frequent victim.

As was common in the early years of comic strips, the title under which Maud the Mule appeared might change from week to week. The character sometimes had crossover appearances in Opper's other strips, Happy Hooligan and Alphonse and Gaston. Maud was phased out in the 1910s, but reappeared from 1926 to the last appearance on October 14, 1932.

William Randolph Hearst produced a series of four silent "Maud the Mule" animated cartoons in 1916, directed by Gregory La Cava for International Film Service. The four titles are "Poor Si Keeler" (Feb 4), "A Quiet Day in the Country" (June 5), "Maud the Educated Mule" (July 3) and "Round and Round Again" (Oct 2).

Exhibition
A century after it was created by Opper, And Her Name Was Maud was included in an exhibition at Ohio State University. This exhibit, Ohio Cartoonists: A Bicentennial Celebration, was mounted during the summer and early fall of 2003 at two venues, the Philip Sills Exhibit Hall, William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library and the Reading Room Gallery of Ohio State's Cartoon Research Library. It included work by Opper, Edwina Dumm, Richard F. Outcault and many of the cartoonists who took Charles N. Landon's Cleveland-based correspondence course and were hired by Landon to create cartoon features for Newspaper Enterprise Association.

Maud the Mule in folk art

The "Allen Bluff Mule" is a painting of a mule on a limestone bluff on U.S. Route 70 in Liberty, Tennessee. Some residents say a local man named Lavader Woodard painted the mule; other residents contend that it was painted as an advertisement of a local stock farm. Dr. Wayne T. Robinson has claimed to be the original painter of the Liberty Mule:
"In early October 1906, I climbed up the face of the Allen Bluff to a ledge and with some coal tar made a flat picture of a character from a famous comic strip of that day. Everybody remembers Maud, the mule. That was 51 years ago, and even though it has been exposed to the elements and to nearby earth-shaking explosions, erosion has dimmed it very little." By this account, Dr. Robinson painted the original mule while a 21-year-old college student inspired by Maud the Mule, from the Frederick Burr Opper comic strip And Her Name Was Maud.

References

American comic strips
1904 comics debuts
Gag-a-day comics
Comics set in the United States
Comics about animals
1932 comics endings

And Her Name Was Maud


Sir Alexander Kingcome Turner  (18 November 1901 – 7 July 1993) was an Auckland-born New Zealand lawyer and judge.

Early life and family
He was one of four children, all sons, born to Joseph Hurst Turner, a teacher, and his wife, Gertrude Kingcome Reid, daughter of a Methodist minister, and attended Mount Eden School and Auckland Grammar School. When he was 11, his father died, leaving the family in genteel poverty.

Turner graduated from Auckland University College (BA, 1921; MA with first-class honours in economics, 1922; LLB, 1923).

He married Dorothea Frances Mulgan (the sister of writer John Mulgan), a writer, critic, Greek scholar, and weaver, in Wellington on 21 March 1934. The couple had three children.

Legal career
As a barrister, notable successes came in two criminal trials, R v Gardner (1932) 51 NZLR 1648 and R v Phillips [1949] NZLR 316, cases where he was able to have confessions procured by the police by threat or inducement excluded from the evidence. These cases are still cited in textbooks on the law of evidence today. In 1952, he was made Queen's Counsel. On 29 June 1953, he was appointed judge of the Supreme Court of New Zealand. After serving on provincial courts he was named senior Auckland judge. On 30 August 1962 he was elevated to the Court of Appeal in Wellington, alongside Sir Alfred North and Sir Thaddeus McCarthy. Turner served as the court's President from 1 February 1972 until his retirement 17 months later.

On retiring from the Court of Appeal, Turner joined the legal publisher Butterworths of New Zealand as a director and editor-in-chief, a post he was active in until shortly before his death. In his 70s and 80s, he updated a series of textbooks originally written by George Spencer Bower in the early years of the 20th century: Actionable Misrepresentation was published in 1974 and  by Representation in 1977. The last of these, The Law of Actionable Non-Disclosure (which Turner co-authored with Professor R.J. Sutton) was published in 1990 when Turner was 88.

Honours
He was awarded an honorary LLD by the University of Auckland in 1963. He was appointed a Knight Bachelor in the 1963 New Year Honours, a Privy Councillor in 1968, and a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1973 New Year Honours.

Death
Turner died in Auckland on 7 July 1993, aged 91, survived by his wife and three children.

References

1901 births
1993 deaths
Lawyers from Auckland
People educated at Auckland Grammar School
University of Auckland alumni
High Court of New Zealand judges
New Zealand King's Counsel
Knights Bachelor
New Zealand Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire
20th-century New Zealand lawyers
New Zealand members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom

Alexander Turner (jurist)


Steckrübeneintopf () is a German dish that, today, is especially common in North Germany. It generally consists of a stew made from swede, carrots and potatoes in varying proportions and diverse, usually smoked or pickled, types of meat or sausage. Occasionally special cooking pears used as well. The stew may be seasoned and refined with salt, pepper, mustard, horseradish, celery, leeks or parsley, etc., according to taste.

Regional variations
On many farms this dish was prepared almost daily, alongside roast potatoes. Often it alternated with a second, daily-changing meal. For this reason, especially in the region of Stade, it is still called Tokokers (= Zugekochtes). If the meat is smoked, the dish is also called Rökert (= Geräuchertes or "smoked").

In Schleswig-Holstein the stew is made with pre-cooked sausage (Kochwurst) and Kassler and is known as Rübenmalheur. For the variant known as Lübecker National, pork (blade, belly) is preferred and flour or cream are used as binding agents. This recipe can also contain onions. In Hamburg the corresponding dish is called Hamburger National und can contain beef or chicken in addition to bacon and belly pork.

In Land Hadeln the potatoes are generally replaced by white flour dumplings (Klüten), which is why it goes under the name of Speck und Klüten ("bacon and dumplings"). Up to the middle of the 20th century as particularly substantial version of this stew was a popular fare for dinner on Christmas Eve (Fullbuksobend = 'Vollbauchabend or "full belly evening").

References

Sources
 Erna Kayser: Leckeres, Deftiges, Zartes, aus Hadler Küchen. Aus der Reihe Hadler Almanach, Niederelbe-Druck, Otterndorf, 1980.

German soups
North German cuisine
Brassica dishes

Steckrübeneintopf


A soapbox is a temporary platform used to give a speech. During the 19th century, soap was transported in wooden boxes. When a person had new or unusual ideas, and wanted to talk to a crowd about them, sometimes he or she would stand on an empty soapbox so that everyone could see and hear the talk well.

People sometimes use the word "soapbox" to mean a place to say new or unusual things.

References

Human communication

Soapbox


The Ranger and the Lady is a 1940 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers, and George "Gabby" Hayes.

Plot
Texas Ranger Captain Roy Colt (Roy Rogers) disapproves of the tactics of his superior, General Augustus LaRue (Henry Brandon), who is governing the Republic of Texas temporarily while Sam Houston (Davison Clark) is in Washington trying to get Texas admitted into the United States. LaRue is seeking to advance his own power, and he arbitrarily sets a tax on all wagons using the Santa Fe Trail (yes, check a map of the Republic of Texas before statehood), and orders Captain Colt and his Sergeant, Gabby Whittaker (George "Gabby" Hayes), to enforce this ruling. Colt, knowing that if he refuses he will be in no position to combat LaRue's outrageous plans, plays along. Among the first of the freighter wagon trains to be taxed is those belonging to Jane Tabor (Jacqueline Wells, before she became Julie Bishop) . When she and her old-time scout, Hank Purdy (Si Jenks), refuse to pay the tax, Colt places her under arrest and brings her before LaRue. But Jane charms LaRue into allowing her a monopoly of the freight lines using the Santa Fe Trail. Secretly, she is bent upon deposing LaRue, who was responsible for the death of her father. Colt misunderstands her motives, while she is equally contemptuous of his being a tool of LaRue. The other wagon train owners revolt and backed by Colt and Hank Purdy, who has deserted Jane because of her apparent bargain with LaRue, they use force to get the freight wagons through. Purdy is wounded and Jane comes to his aid. Through Gabby, Jane and Roy's misunderstanding are corrected, and they work together until LaRue's treachery is exposed and he is brought to justice.

Cast
Roy Rogers as Texas Ranger Captain Roy Colt
George "Gabby" Hayes as Texas Ranger Sergeant Gabby Whittaker
Julie Bishop as Jane Tabor (billed as Jacqueline Wells)
Harry Woods as Kincaid
Henry Brandon as General Augustus Larue
Noble Johnson as Henchman El Lobo
 Si Jenks as Freighter Hank Purdy
Ted Mapes as Henchman Kramer
Yakima Canutt as Mack

Soundtrack
Roy Rogers - "As Long as We're Dancing" (Written by Peter Tinturin)
Roy Rogers - "Chiquita" (Written by Peter Tinturin)

External links

1940 films
1940 Western (genre) films
Republic Pictures films
American black-and-white films
American Western (genre) films
Films directed by Joseph Kane
1940s English-language films
1940s American films
English-language Western (genre) films

The Ranger and the Lady