The Getty Research Institute (GRI), located at the Getty Center in Los Angeles, California, is "dedicated to furthering knowledge and advancing understanding of the visual arts".

A program of the J. Paul Getty Trust, GRI maintains a research library, organizes exhibitions and other events, sponsors a residential scholars program, publishes books, and produces electronic databases (Getty Publications).

History

The GRI was originally called the "Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities", and was first discussed in 1983. It was located in Santa Monica and its first director (beginning in 1985) was Kurt W. Forster.  GRI's library had 30,000 volumes in 1983, but grew to 450,000 volumes by 1986.

In a statement upon his departure in 1992, Forster summarized his tenure as "Beginning with the rudiments of a small museum library... the center grew... to become one of the nation's preeminent research centers for arts and culture...". In 1994, Salvatore Settis, a professor of the history of classical art and archeology in Italy, became the director of the Center.  By 1996, the Center's name had been changed to "Getty Research Institute for the History of Art and the Humanities", and by 1999 it was known simply as "Getty Research Institute".

When the Getty Information Institute (formerly the Art History Information Program, established in 1983) was dissolved in 1999 as a "result of a change of leadership at the Getty Trust", GRI absorbed "many of its functions".

In 2000, Thomas E. Crow was selected as GRI director to replace Settis who had resigned in 1999. Crow announced in October 2006 that he would be leaving for New York University.  In November 2007 Thomas W. Gaehtgens became GRI's director; he was previously (1985–86) a visiting scholar with the Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities. He served in the position until 2019 when Mary Miller was appointed as the new GRI director.

Programs

Library

Among other holdings, GRI's research library contains over 1 million volumes of books, periodicals, and auction catalogs; special collections; and two million photographs of art and architecture.

The library is located at the Getty Center, and does not circulate its collections, but does extend library privileges to any visitor.

Exhibitions and other events
GRI holds two public exhibitions per year in its two galleries which "focus primarily on the special collections of the Research Library or on work produced by artists in residence".  For example, in 2005–2006 GRI held an exhibition entitled "Julius Shulman, Modernity and the Metropolis". The exhibition traveled to the National Building Museum and to the Art Institute of Chicago. Other GRI exhibitions have included "Overdrive: L.A. Constructs the Future, 1940-1990," co-organized with the museum in 2013, "World War I: War of Images, Images of War" in 2015, and "Cave Temples of Dunhuang: Buddhist Art on China's Silk Road," co-organized with Getty Conservation Institute in 2016.

In addition to exhibitions, GRI organizes lectures (open to the public), colloquia (most open to the public), workshops (by invitation only), and screenings of films and videos (open to the public).

GRI also holds online exhibitions. In 2017 it launched its first online-only exhibition, "The Legacy of Ancient Palmyra." This exhibition was relaunched in 2021 as "Return to Palmyra" with new content and Arabic translations. Its next online exhibition was "Bauhaus: Building the New Artist," which was launched in 2019 in tandem with its gallery exhibition "Bauhaus Beginnings."

In 2013 the GRI gallery underwent a renovation that added an additional 2,000 square feet to its existing 800 square feet of space.

Residential scholars program
The residential scholars program seeks to "integrate the often isolated territory of art history into the wider sphere of the humanities".  The first class of scholars arrived in 1985–1986; they had their salaries paid for and their housing provided but were under "absolutely no obligation to produce". Among the notable scholars was German writer Christa Wolf in 1992–1993, who wrote the novel Medea: a modern retelling during her year at GRI.

Each year the scholars are invited to work on projects related to an annual theme. The lengths of stay vary: Getty scholars are in residence for three, six or nine months, visiting scholars for one to three months, and predoctoral and postdoctoral fellows for a nine-month academic year.

Publications
GRI publishes "Series Imprints" books in the categories of "Issues and Debates", "Texts & Documents", "Introduction To" (on "cultural heritage information in electronic form"), and "ReSources" (on the library's special collections).  In addition, GRI publishes exhibition catalogs and other materials in hardcopy form.

In 2021, Käthe Kollwitz: Prints, Process, Politics (edited by Louis Marchesano, ), which accompanied an exhibition of the same name that ran at GRI and the Art Institute of Chicago between 2019 and 2020, won the College Art Association's Alfred H. Barr Jr. Award for distinguished catalogues in the history of art.

GRI publishes a peer-reviewed academic journal, the Getty Research Journal, that presents work "related to the Getty's collections, initiatives, and research". Started in 2009, the journal publishes one annual issue and is slated to begin biannual publication in 2021.

Electronic databases
Among the electronic databases from the former Getty Information Institute that GRI continues to produce are:
 Getty Vocabulary Program databases (Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT), Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names (TGN), and Union List of Artist Names (ULAN))
 Bibliography of the History of Art (BHA)
 Getty Provenance Index which holds records of collections, auction sales and other information for researching the art market and the provenance of works.
The Getty Research Portal provides free access to fully digitized art history texts in the public domain. The database launched in 2012 and is a collaboration with libraries that are digitizing art history books. Initial contributors include the Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library at Columbia University, the Biblioteca de la Universidad de Málaga, the Frick Art Reference Library, the Getty Research Institute, the Heidelberg University Library, the Institut national d'histoire de l'art, members of the New York Art Resources Consortium, and the Thomas J. Watson Library at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
In 2006, GRI and the OCLC Online Computer Library Center announced that the Getty Vocabularies (Art & Architecture Thesaurus, Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names, and Union List of Artist Names) will be available as a Web service.

Until July 1, 2009, the Getty Information Institute and later GRI co-produced the Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals with the Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library. On that date, GRI transferred the database back to Columbia University, which continues to maintain it.

The Getty Research Institute also participates in the German/American Provenance Research Exchange Program (PREP), which trains researchers specializing in Holocaust-era provenance projects.

Special collections
GRI holds many important archives related to artists, architects, and art collectors. It also houses the institutional archives of past and current programs of Getty Trust.

Already by 1985, the Getty had acquired the complete archive of the American sculptor Malvina Hoffman. In 2011, it acquired Harald Szeemann's substantial archive, consisting of more than 1,000 boxes of correspondence, research files, drawings, and ephemera, as well as some 28,000 books and 36,000 photographs. It also owns several art dealers' archives, including records for the Goupil & Cie and Boussod Valadon galleries, Knoedler Gallery, and the Duveen Brothers. It also owns the papers of gallery owner Clara Diament Sujo and the records of Stendhal Art Galleries.

The GRI's Special Collections includes archives of major modern and contemporary artists and movements. In 2019 it acquired the complete archives of sculptor Claes Oldenburg and his wife Coosje van Bruggen. It has collecting strengths in early twentieth-century European modern art movements including Dada and Surrealism, Italian Futurism, Russian Modernism, and Bauhaus.

Additionally, the GRI's holdings in the field of experimental art includes archives related to many important mid-century 20th-century movements and groups, including the Japanese avant-garde, Fluxus, Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.), and the Situationist International. It also holds papers relating to music, dance, and film media, including the papers of composer David Tudor, the archives of dancers Simone Forti and Yvonne Rainer, the Long Beach Museum of Art video archive, and the recordings of the New York performance space the Kitchen.

GRI has significant archives in feminist art, including the papers of the activist group Guerrilla Girls and feminist conceptual artist Mary Kelly. It also owns the video archives of the Woman's Building, a Los Angeles-based arts and education center. In 2018 GRI received a grant through the Save America's Treasures program to process and digitize 11 archives related to the Woman's Building, including the records of Feminist Art Workers, Sisters for Survival, Mother Art, the Waitresses, Barbara T. Smith, Faith Wilding, and Nancy Buchanan.

In the field of performance art, the GRI collections include the papers of Allan Kaprow and Rachel Rosenthal, as well as Robert R. McElroy, who photographically documented many early "Happenings". It also has the records of High Performance magazine and the Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions (LACE) space.

GRI houses archives of several major mid-century, California-based architects, including Frank Gehry, Paul R. Williams, John Lautner, Ray Kappe, and William Krisel. In addition, it has the papers of architectural photographers Lucien Hervé and Julius Shulman. It also has the collections of architectural critic Ada Louise Huxtable and architectural historian Thomas S. Hines.

GRI's photography collections include the work of French darkroom pioneer Louis Rousselet and the 19th-century travel photographs of Honoré d'Albert, VIII Duc de Luynes. It owns collections of the work of German and Hungarian collaborators Shunk-Kender, German-Argentine photographer Grete Stern, and Venezuelan art critic and photographer Alfredo Boulton. Additionally, it also has archives of American photographers Robert Mapplethorpe and Allan Sekula, as well as those of magazine editor Alexander Liberman.

GRI owns over 27,000 prints from as early as the 16th century. These include a complete set of the oeuvre of Giovanni Battista Piranesi and the Speculum romanae magnificentiae of Antonio Lafreri. It also has significant prints from China during the Qing dynasty, including Complete Map of the World by Ferdinand Verbiest, Battles of the Emperor of China, and Garden of Perfect Clarity. It also has a collection of rare botanical books and woodblocks from the 16th through 19th centuries belonging to Tania Norris.

The GRI collections also possess sketchbooks of many important artists, including Francesco di Giorgio Martini, Jacques-Louis David, Charles Percier, Adolph Menzel, Félix Bracquemond, Edmond Aman-Jean, Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Malvina Hoffman, Diego Rivera, and Mark Rothko.

Research projects and initiatives
Among GRI's special projects was "L.A. as Subject: The Transformative Culture of Los Angeles Communities" conducted between 1995 and 1999, whose purposes included "enhanc[ing] existing resources and develop new resources that support new research scholarship on LA and also encourag[ing] the preservation, conservation, and display of local material culture".

In collaboration with local organizations, GRI published Cultural Inheritance/L.A.: A Resource Directory of Less Visible Archives and Collections in the Los Angeles Region in 1999. In 2000, the L.A. as Subject project was transferred to the University of Southern California, which continues to update and expand an online version of the resource directory.

Pacific Standard Time, one of Getty's most ambitious and important ongoing projects, began as a 2002 initiative between GRI and Getty Foundation meant to preserve postwar Los Angeles art history that risked being lost or inaccessible. It grew out of an oral history project at GRI and was initially called "On the Record." At first the initiative consisted of grants to local museums and libraries as well as GRI acquiring "papers, videos, photographs, and other records from the period."

The first set of Pacific Standard Time exhibitions, called "Pacific Standard Time: Art in L.A., 1945-1980," was coordinated between Getty and other Los Angeles museums between 2011 and 2012. Over 60 institutions who were awarded grants totaling about $10 million participated by presenting exhibitions and programs on California art history. The second iteration of Pacific Standard Time was "Modern Architecture in L.A." in 2013. The third set of exhibitions was "Pacific Standard Time: LA/LA" in 2017-2018, which sought to place Los Angeles and Latin American art in dialogue. This iteration extended beyond modern and contemporary art to include exhibitions on the ancient and pre-modern eras. The Los Angeles County Economic Development Corporation's Institute for Applied Economics found that LA/LA "created over 4,000 jobs, added $430 million in economic output [to] the regional economy, and supported labor income (wages) of nearly $188 million."

One of the major impacts of Pacific Standard Time was that it established Los Angeles and the west coast, not just New York City, as a major center of art production in the postwar United States. ARTnews named Pacific Standard Time as the most important art exhibition of the 2010s.

In 2011 GRI acquired Ed Ruscha's Streets of Los Angeles archive, which includes "thousands of negatives, hundreds of photographic contact sheets, and related documents and ephemera." In 2020 GRI launched the website "12 Sunsets: Exploring Ed Ruscha's Archive," which compiles over 65,000 photographs that Ruscha took of buildings along Sunset Boulevard between 1965 and 2007.

In 2018 GRI announced the African American Art History Initiative, which seeks to "strengthen its African-American holdings through key archival acquisitions," beginning with the acquisition of the archive of assemblage artist Betye Saar.

GRI is funding a digitization of "The General History of the Things of New Spain", also known as the Florentine Codex, a 16th-century illuminated manuscript written in Nahuatl and Spanish describing Aztec life in what is now Mexico City at the time of the Spanish conquest.

Employees and budget
During the period July 2006 – June 2007, GRI had approximately 200 full-time and part-time employees, and a budget of $63.7 million. Between July 2017 – June 2018, its budget was $68.6 million.

References

External links

Research institutes in California
Research Institute
Research institutes established in 1985
Non-profit organizations based in Los Angeles
Special collections libraries in the United States
1985 establishments in California
Research libraries in the United States

Getty Research Institute


In neuroanatomy, the cingulum is a nerve tract – a collection of axons – projecting from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain, allowing for communication between components of the limbic system. It forms the white matter core of the cingulate gyrus, following it from the subcallosal gyrus of the frontal lobe beneath the rostrum of corpus callosum to the parahippocampal gyrus and uncus of the temporal lobe.

Neurons of the cingulum receive afferent fibers from the parts of the thalamus that are associated with the spinothalamic tract. This, in addition to the fact that the cingulum is a central structure in learning to correct mistakes, indicates that the cingulum is involved in appraisal of pain and reinforcement of behavior that reduces it.

Cingulotomy, the surgical severing of the anterior cingulum, is a form of psychosurgery used to treat depression and OCD.

The cingulum was one of the earliest identified brain structures.

Anatomy and function

The cingulum is described from various brain images as a C shaped structure within the brain that wraps around the frontal lobe to the temporal lobe right above the corpus callosum. It is located beneath the cingulate gyrus within the medial surface of the brain therefore encircling the entire brain. There are two primary parts of the cingulate cortex: the posterior cingulate cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex. The anterior is linked to emotion, especially apathy and depression. Here function and structure changes are related meaning any change within this structure would lead to a function change, particularly behavioral because of its function involving emotions. Damage to this area can have various effects on mental disorders and mental health. The posterior section is more related to cognitive functions. This can include attention, visual and spatial skills, working memory and general memory. Because of its location, the cingulum is very important to brain structure connectivity and the integration of information that it receives.

Relation to cognitive impairment

In recent years the cingulum has been associated with various brain disorders and diseases. One such area of interest is the disruption of white matter in the posterior cingulum causing mild cognitive impairment. Using diffusion MRI techniques, researchers have associated mild cognitive impairment with damage to the cingulum. The cingulum is a frontal association tract that could play a critical role because it connects sites repeatedly implicated in cognitive control.  The middle segment of the cingulum contains connections with premotor and motor cortical areas. Another place of importance that explains the cingulum and its relation to mild cognitive impairment is the fact that the cingulum connects to the hippocampus. The cingulum takes memory information and integrates this to other parts of the brain. Damage to the cingulum also simultaneously damages the hippocampus. This is vital because the hippocampus is pivotal in memory storage. Damage to gray matter, bodies of neurons, or white matter of axons in the cingulum therefore can affect humans cognitively because of this damage. Also variations in microstructure of a group of fibers in the rostral cingulum have been shown to be extremely sensitive to performance of cognitive control tasks. White matter pathology of the cingulum represents one of the earliest changes in development of age-related dementia and is currently aiding researchers worldwide to discover more about this relationship.

Additional images

References

External links

 Cingulate Gyrus: Introduction and Surface Morphology

Cerebrum
Limbic system
Articles containing video clips
Central nervous system pathways

de:Gyrus cinguli
es:Giro cingulado
nl:Gyrus cinguli
pl:Zakręt obręczy
pt:Giro do cíngulo
sv:Limbiska systemet#Anatomi

Cingulum (brain)


HMS Sirius was the main ship of the British First Fleet. The First Fleet carried the convicts and soldiers to Australia to start a penal colony. This was the start of European settlement in Australia.

Description
The ship of 520 tons was built on the River Thames, England in 1781. She was first called the Berwick.. She had been built to work in the Baltic Sea to carry timber. The Royal Navy bought it to use as a store ship. She was refitted for the trip to Australia, and renamed HMS Sirius. Lieutenant Philip Gidley King wrote that the ship was named after the star in the Orion constellation.She was armed with six carronades, short cannons used to fire large objects to smash ships. She also had four six-pounder guns. There were another ten six-pounder guns in the cargo hold to be used to protect the new settlement. HMS Sirius was about  long and  wide. Her hold was about  deep.

The crew
The ship was commanded by Arthur Phillip with John Hunter as second captain. Phillip would be in charge of the ship as part of the First Fleet, and then Hunter would be in charge after while Phillip was setting up the penal colony. King, William Bradley and George William Maxwell were the lieutenants. She carried a crew of about 160 men.

With the First Fleet
HMS Sirius carried all the guns and ammunition for the Fleet. No weapons were kept on the convict transports in case of mutiny. She left England on May 13, 1787, and sailed to Australia with stops at Santa Cruz, Rio de Janeiro and Cape Town. She arrived in Botany Bay on January 20, 1788. She reached Port Jackson on January 26.

At Cape Town, eight guns were taken away from the gun deck and put in the hold. This was to make room to build stalls to hold cattle. The guns were put back after the ship arrived in Sydney. They were taken out again and put into a fort at Dawes Point.

Helping the new colony
In October 1788 HMS Sirius sailed east to Cape Town to get extra food supplies. Leaving Cape Town in January 1789, she continued to travel east until she got back to Sydney in May. This eastward journey using the west winds , known as "the Roaring Forties" meant that the ship had sailed completely around the world. Rough seas near Tasmania smashed her figurehead and badly damaged the front of the ship.

In March 1790 the Sirius went to Norfolk Island to deliver more marines, convicts and supplies. She was able to unload the people, but bad weather made getting the supplies ashore impossible. Four days later Captain Hunter tried to land the supplies in Sydney Bay. The ship drifted too far into the bay and was wrecked on a reef on March 19. All the crew were rescued. Over the next two weeks most of the supplies were saved as well.

It was another 11 months before another ship came to Norfolk Island and took the crew back to Sydney. Hunter went back to England and an inquiry decided that the shipwreck was not his fault.

Anchor and cannon
Cannons from the wreck were saved in 1790. In 1795 Lieutenant-Governor Philip Gidley King gave four cannons to Captain Hogan, of the ship, Marquis Cornwallis. Eight cannons were sent back to Sydney, to be used in a fort in 1804. In 1924, two cannon from the ship were put in front of the Norfolk Island court house.

One of HMS Sirius's 12 anchors was found at the wreck site. In 1907 it was put on show in Macquarie Place, Sydney. The anchor is in good condition although the ends of the arms were broken off while it was being brought up from the wreck. Work was done on the anchor to help keep it in good condition in 1992. The size of the anchor is  long,  wide and  deep. Next to the anchor is one of the cannons from the HMS Sirius. This was one of the cannons taken off the ship to guard Sydney back in 1788.

In 1983 the wreck was explored by archaeologists. In 1985 several objects were found including a carronade (a small cannon) and another anchor. In 1987 more than 600 objects were brought up from the ship. These are on show in the Maritime Museum on Norfolk Island.

References

Other websites
 A list with details of many of the crew

First Fleet
British warships

HMS Sirius (1786)


Lake Elmore is a  lake located in and named after Elmore, Vermont. The lake is located northwest of Elmore, and it drains into the Lamoille River through Elmore Pond Brook at the northern end.

Recently, the lake has had a problem with milfoil, and there are several fundraisers every year to help the Milfoil Foundation, which then uses the money to pay for the milfoil's extraction.

The park had its beginning in 1936 when the town of Elmore and local citizens made a gift of 30 acres on Lake Elmore to the state of Vermont. With modest means, a picnic and beach area were created. Today, with more than 700 acres, Elmore State Park has become a popular, developed recreation facility.

According to the Vermont Department of Forests, Parks, and Recreation, the town calls itself "The Beauty Spot of Vermont."

References

Elmore
Elmore, Vermont
Bodies of water of Lamoille County, Vermont

Lake Elmore


"Mighty" Tebor Brosch Jr. (born October 9, 1982 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian professional boxer. He is the reigning Canadian Professional Boxing Council (CPBC) welterweight champion, holding a record of 7-4-5, with 2 wins by KO/TKO.

Career History
Brosch's first experience in combat sports was kickboxing, in which he trained extensively during his teenage years.  At the age of 20, Tebor began to train exclusively in boxing. He debuted as an amateur in September 2003 at the Summer Hayes Tournament in Brantford, Ontario, winning gold as a middleweight. In October 2004, Brosch repeated his performance by again earning the Hayes tournament gold medal.

At the age of 23, Brosch made the decision to turn professional. He made his pro debut  against Codey Hanna in Winnipeg, Manitoba on  January 26, 2007; Brosch dropped a unanimous decision to the 3-0 Hanna. The pair would later fight twice more, which resulted in draws for both bouts.

Tebor fought four times in 2008 at 155 lbs, drawing twice and dropping two decisions.  He competed in another four matches the following year, winning 3 fights (2 by stoppage) and drawing once at 145 lbs.

Professional Titles
On July 13, 2010, Brosch fought his first championship match for the vacant CPBC welterweight title. His opponent, Justin "the Matrix" Fountain, had previously fought him to a draw two years prior.

The bloody back and forth match lasted for 7 rounds, with the combatants trading heavy shots and receiving cuts over both eyes. After the 7th  round, the ringside doctor assessed the damage absorbed by Fountain's right eye and recommended that the contest be stopped before the 8th. Because some of the damage was delivered via an accidental clash of heads, the  judges went to their scorecards to render a decision.

Brosch was awarded the split decision victory, and became the CPBC welterweight champion. His first title defense took place February 19, 2011 against undefeated challenger Samuel Vargas at the Hershey Centre. The back and forth match resulted in a draw. On October 24, 2012, Brosch was knocked out in just 127 seconds by Ukrainian prospect Ivan Redkach.

Professional Record

References

External links
Personal Website
Tebor Brosch Interview By theboxingexaminer.com

1982 births
Living people
Boxers from Toronto
Canadian male boxers
Canadian people of Ukrainian descent

Tebor Brosch


La  (The Liberation of Bethulia) is a libretto by Pietro Metastasio which was originally commissioned by Emperor Charles VI and set to music by Georg Reutter the Younger in 1734. It was subsequently set by as many as 30 composers, including Niccolò Jommelli (1743), Ignaz Holzbauer (1752), Florian Leopold Gassmann (1772), Joseph Schuster (1787), and most famously Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1771).

Mozart's setting
The work of Mozart is the best known, if only because the composer's output receives more examination. Composed in March to July 1771 when Mozart was 15 years old, K. 118 (74c) is a 140-minute  on a text by Metastasio tracing the story of Judith beheading Holofernes from the biblical Book of Judith. It was commissioned in March 1771 by Giuseppe Ximenes, Prince of Aragon, while Mozart and his father Leopold were on the way home to Salzburg from their first journey to Italy. It is the only oratorio Mozart ever wrote. Its two parts comprise sixteen arias, with solo or choral parts, scored for soloists, choir and orchestra. Not performed in Mozart's lifetime, La Betulia liberata is shaped stylistically to works by Leonardo Leo and Johann Adolph Hasse.

Recent high-profile performances of Mozart's setting include one in the 2006 Salzburg Festival conducted by Christoph Poppen, as part of the M22 series, masterminded by Bernhard Fleischer to perform all Mozart's operas (and the only oratorio) in 2006 Salzburg Festival. The performance was recorded and subsequently released as DVD. (See Recordings section below.) In 2010 both the Mozart and the Jommelli settings were performed side by side at the Salzburg Whitsun and Ravenna festivals under the leadership of Riccardo Muti.

Roles
 Ozia, prince of Bethulia (tenor)
 Giuditta, widow of Manasses (alto)
 Amital, noblewoman of Israel (soprano)
 Achior, prince of the Ammonites (bass)
 Cabri and Carmi, chiefs of the people (sopranos)
 Bethulians (chorus)

Structure
First part
 Overtura
 Recitative: Popoli di Betulia (Ozia)
 Aria #1: D'ogni colpa la colpa maggiore (Ozia)
 Recitative: E in che sperar? (Cabri, Amital)
 Aria #2: Ma qual virtù non cede (Cabri)
 Recitative: Già le memorie antiche (Ozia, Cabri, Amital)
 Aria #3: Non hai cor (Amital)
 Recitative: E qual pace sperate (Ozia, Amital, chorus)
 Aria with chorus #4: Pietà, se irato sei (Ozia, chorus)
 Recitative: Chi è costei che qual sorgente aurora (Cabri, Amital, Ozia, Giuditta)
 Aria #5: Del pari infeconda (Giuditta)
 Recitative: Oh saggia, oh santa (Ozia, Cabri, Giuditta)
 Aria with chorus #6: Pietà, se irato sei (Ozia, chorus)
 Recitative: Signor, Carmi a te viene (Cabri, Amital, Carmi, Ozia, Achior)
 Aria #7: Terribile d'aspetto (Achior)
 Recitative: Ti consola, Achior (Ozia, Cabri, Achior, Giuditta)
 Aria #8: Parto inerme, e non pavento (Giuditta)
 Chorus #9: Oh prodigio! Oh stupor! (Chorus)

Second part
 Recitative: Troppo mal corrisponde (Achior, Ozia)
 Aria #10: Se Dio veder tu vuoi (Ozia)
 Recitative: Confuso io son (Achior, Ozia, Amital)
 Aria #11: Quel nocchier che in gran procella (Amital)
 Recitative: Lungamente non dura (Ozia, Amital, chorus, Cabri, Giuditta, Achior)
 Aria #12: Prigionier che fa ritorno (Giuditta)
 Recitative: Giuditta, Ozia, popoli, amici (Achior)
 Aria #13: Te solo adoro (Achior)
 Recitative: Di tua vittoria (Ozia, Amital)
 Aria #14: Con troppa rea viltà (Amital)
 Recitative: Quanta cura hai di noi (Cabri, Carmi, Ozia, Amital)
 Aria #15: Quei moti che senti (Carmi)
 Recitative: Seguansi, o Carmi (Ozia, Amital, Cabri, Achior, Giuditta)
 Aria with chorus #16: Lodi al gran Dio (Giuditta, chorus)

Recordings
(Conductor, label, catalogue number, year)
Leopold Hager, Philips, 422522-2
Carlo Felice Cillario, A. Charlin, AMS 2627/8-2
Mario Rossi, Opera d'Oro
Peter Maag, Brilliant Classics, 99944 (also in earlier Complete Works box, 92540)
Riccardo Favero, Brilliant Classics, 94496 (also in updated Complete Works box, 94051)
Christoph Poppen, Deutsche Grammophon, DVD 4400734248
Michi Gaigg, Challenge Records, Super Audio CD CC72590, 2013
Christophe Rousset, Aparté, AP235, 2020

Settings by other composers
Antonio Salieri in 1820 revised Florian Leopold Gassmann's La Betulia liberata by shortening some recitatives and arias, and adding additional choirs taken from Gassmann's other compositions.

As a student of Antonio Salieri, Franz Schubert set "Te solo adoro", Anchior's aria from the second part, as a composition exercise for four voices in November 1812. The exercise was first published in 1940, and, catalogued as D. 34, again in the New Schubert Edition in 1986.

References

External links

 Franz Schubert, with corrections by Antonio Salieri. Autograph of "Te solo Adoro" for SATB (D 34) at schubert-online.at by Austrian Academy of Sciences (OAW)

Compositions by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
1771 compositions
Classical church music
Libretti by Metastasio
1734 operas
1771 operas
Oratorios based on the Bible

Betulia liberata


Japanese Story is a 2003 Australian romantic drama film directed by Sue Brooks. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival.

Plot

Sandy Edwards (played by Toni Collette) is a director in a company that designs geological software in Perth, Western Australia. Her business partner manipulates her into agreeing to act as a guide for a Japanese businessman visiting mines in the Pilbara desert, in hopes that he will purchase the software. When Hiromitsu Tachibana () arrives, he treats Sandy like a chauffeur, and he seems more intent on self-discovery in the wilderness than on buying computer software. At first, Sandy is angered by his reserved, demanding demeanor. On their first journey into the desert, Hiromitsu, feeling insecure, talks more on his phone with friends in Japan than he does to Sandy. He also insists that she drive farther than planned. The terrain proves too much for the pair's vehicle, which becomes bogged down in the sand. After a series of desperate attempts to release the vehicle, including digging a dead man anchor, their winch burns out. Sandy wants to use Hiromitsu's phone to call people who can rescue them, but Hiromitsu refuses. This forces them to spend the night stranded together. The next day, Hiromitsu, conscious that his refusal had placed them in danger, wakes up much earlier than Sandy and builds a track of sticks over which they can drive out of the sand. The manoeuvre is successful. Now that they are on the road again, the ice breaks and a friendship starts between them that, in isolated surroundings uninterrupted by their work, grows quickly and honestly. Later, at a motel, they have sex. Only after does Sandy learn that Hiromitsu has a wife and children in Japan.

On another journey to scenic spots, Hiromitsu and Sandy share a quiet moment and kiss each other, eventually having sex again. Afterwards, Sandy runs into a swimming hole nearby. Hiromitsu follows her, diving into the shallow water before she can warn him, and disappears. Sandy frantically calls for him and, after a moment, his lifeless body resurfaces. In shock at his sudden death, Sandy struggles to deal with the situation, dragging his body into their vehicle and carefully washing it before driving for hours to the nearest town. Back in Perth, Sandy cannot comprehend the violent end to her journey. Reality intrudes in the form of Hiromitsu's grieving widow, Yukiko, and Sandy tries to understand how Hiromitsu's life had ended before she had understood his place in hers.

Cast
 Toni Collette – Sandy Edwards
  (綱島郷太郎 Tsunashima Gōtarō) – Hiromitsu Tachibana
 Matthew Dyktynski – Bill Baird
 Lynette Curran – Mum
 Yumiko Tanaka (田中由美子 Tanaka Yumiko) – Yukiko Tachibana
 Kate Atkinson – Jackie
 Bill Young – Jimmy Smithers
 Reg Evans – Bloke in Row Boat
 George Shevtsov – James
 Justine Clarke – Jane
 Igor Sas – Fraser
 Mike Frencham – Blake
 John Howard – Richards
 Phil Bennett – Barman
 Heath Bergersen – Petrol Bloke
 Peter Heather - Police Officer 1
 Ray Curren - Police Officer 2
 Peter Lester - Chef

Box office
Japanese Story grossed $4,520,000 at the box office in Australia.

Reception and accolades
Japanese Story received mixed to positive reviews, currently holding an approval rating of 68% on Rotten Tomatoes.

See also

 Cinema of Australia

References

External links

Official website - Palace Films
Japanese Story at the National Film and Sound Archive

2003 films
APRA Award winners
Australian adventure drama films
2000s adventure drama films
2003 romantic drama films
Australian romantic drama films
2000s Japanese-language films
Films set in Western Australia
Films directed by Sue Brooks
Japan in non-Japanese culture
2000s English-language films

Japanese Story


Crescendo is a young adult paranormal romance novel by Becca Fitzpatrick and the second book in the Hush, Hush series. The book was first published on October 19, 2010 through Simon & Schuster and spent ten weeks on the New York Times Best Sellers list. The book was also voted as one of the Young Adult Library Services Association's Teens' Top Ten for 2011.

Fitzpatrick told Metro France that she had to re-write the book from scratch after her editor hated the first version.

Plot summary

Nora and Patch's relationship is threatened by his refusal to tell her that he loves her and by his new fascination with Marcie. Hurt, Nora begins hanging out with her old friend Scott, whom she believes is a Nephilim. She discovers from Patch that Scott is indeed a Nephilim, but ultimately fires him as her guardian angel after she discovers him with Marcie. Nora is later given a letter that tells her that the "Black Hand" killed her father and is further distraught when Patch appears to be going out with Marcie. Nora undergoes several attempts on her life as well as several intense interactions with Patch. She tries to make him jealous by making out with Scott, which results in the two boys fighting.

Patch later offers to go rogue for Nora in order to be with her, but is refused because she doesn't want to be the cause of his downfall. Her feelings for Patch are even more conflicted when Rixon, a boy that her best friend Vee is dating, tells her that Patch is the Black Hand. Her emotions are put into further turmoil when Marcie tells her that Nora's mother has been having an affair with Marcie's father Hank for eleven years, the cause of Marcie's hatred for Nora. Already upset, Nora tries to break up with Patch when he tells her in a dream that he's Marcie's guardian angel, but he refuses.

The book then culminates in a showdown with her father's true killer, who is revealed to be Rixon. He tells her that not only was he behind all of the events in the book, but that he wants to use her as a sacrifice for a human body. He shoots Scott and Nora, who live, but is ultimately stopped by Patch. Rixon is later sent to Hell. The book concludes with Scott leaving in order to avoid further issues with the police, Nora and Patch reuniting, and Nora's biological father Hank asking Nora if she killed Chauncey.

Reception
Critical reception to Crescendo has been mixed, with Kirkus Reviews stating, "Just as the drawn-out plot answers Nora's lingering questions, it introduces a new dilemma and opener for another sequel". The Manila Bulletin panned the novel, saying that "plot is an afterthought, while the News de Stars praised the entry as "easy and catchy".

References

External links
 Official author's website

American young adult novels
Paranormal romance novels
2010 American novels
Novels set in Maine
American romance novels
Simon & Schuster books

Crescendo (Fitzpatrick novel)


The Clarendon Film Company was a British film studio founded by Percy Stow and Henry Vassal Lawley.

The studio was founded in 1904 in Croydon, primarily as a movie camera equipment company, and began to make short films as a side-line. It was named after its original location off Clarendon Road, and later moved to Limes Road. Among the films made by the company was The Tempest (1908), adapted for the screen by Langford Reed

In 1909 it took part in the Paris Film Congress, a failed attempt by leading European producers to form a cartel similar to that of the MPPC in the United States.

References

Further reading

British film studios

Clarendon Film Company


Robert Laurence Wawak (September 4, 1939 – April 17, 2004) was an American NASCAR driver from Villa Park, Illinois. He made 141 Grand National/Winston Cup Series starts, with fourteen top-10 finishes.

Racing career

Local racing
He began drag racing as a teenager. He raced in his first stock car race at around 1958 at Mance Park Speedway in Hodgkins, Illinois. He raced regularly at the O'Hare Stadium in Schiller Park, Illinois. He competed in both the cadet (sportsman) and late model divisions.

In 1974 he was the late model stock car champion at Illiana Motor Speedway in Schererville, Indiana. He competed at the track in 1973 and 1974, winning 14 features at that half mile asphalt track in his 1971 Ford Torino. He won 21 total races (including preliminary events) in 1974.

National touring series

USAC
Wawak competed on the USAC stock car circuit in 1965. He made six races with a sixth-place finish in one event during his rookie season. He finished 18th in the final USAC standings that year.  Wawak did not return to USAC racing until 1969 and would compete on a limited basis into the early 1970s.

NASCAR
Wawak made occasional NASCAR starts before 1976, except for making 14 NASCAR starts in 1967. His first start was in the 1965 Southern 500 at Darlington Speedway. He started 27th, and finished 36th with engine problems.

His most successful year was 1976, when he finished 22nd in the points. His highest career finish was a sixth-place finish in the final race of the season at Ontario.

The fuel line on his car came loose on the third lap of the 1977 Daytona 500, and the fire came into the car's cockpit. Wawak jumped from the car while it was still moving (and slammed into the inside wall moments later), held up his burnt hands, and ran to the infield care center. "It was like sitting in front of a blow torch," Wawak said later. He made six more starts that year.

He continued racing in NASCAR, and made 96 more NASCAR starts. His career ended when he crashed in the first qualifier for the 1988 Daytona 500, Wawak suffering a fractured vertebra and detached retinas. Randy LaJoie raced in one race in his car in 1988, and Mike Potter raced three races in 1990.

After his NASCAR career ended, he helped Hendrick Motorsports with their show cars.

In media
He appeared in NASCAR Thunder 2004 as an unlockable driver in a car numbered 36.

Death
At age 64, Wawak died on April 17, 2004. He was survived by his wife Stevi, daughters, Jaclin Wawak and Robin Wawak Pemberton and grandchildren, Lauri Trotter and River Pemberton, in addition to two brothers, Allen Wawak and Richard Wawak; three sisters, Carole Tarvash, Joyce Annanie, and Marilyn Zmich.

Motorsports career results

NASCAR
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

Grand National Series

Winston Cup Series

Daytona 500

ARCA Permatex SuperCar Series
(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

References

1939 births
2004 deaths
American Speed Association drivers
NASCAR drivers
People from Villa Park, Illinois
Sportspeople from DuPage County, Illinois
Racing drivers from Chicago

Bobby Wawak


The 1893 World Allround Speed Skating Championships took place at 13 and 14 January at the ice rink Museumplein in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. It is the fourth World Allround Speed Skating Championships organised at the Museumplein in Amsterdam. (The championships in 1892 were canceled due to thaw). It was the first official World Allround Speed Skating Championship after the foundation of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1892. The Dutch skater Jaap Eden became the first official ISU-World allround by winning the 1500, 5000 en 500 meter. He did not need to finish the 10000m according to the rules. Oskar Fredriksen from Norway skated the championship the first World record at the 10000 meter.

Allround results

  * = Fell
 NC = Not classified
 NF = Not finished
 NS = Not started
 DQ = Disqualified
Source: SpeedSkatingStats.com

Rules
Four distances had to be skated: 500, 1500, 5000 and 10,000 m. One could earn the world title only by winning at least three of the four distances, otherwise the title would be vacant. The winner of the 500 and 1500 meter was decided by a skate off of the best four skaters of the distance. Silver and bronze medals were not awarded.

References

World Allround Speed Skating Championships, 1893
1893 World Allround
World Allround, 1893
World Allround Speed Skating Championships, 1893
1893 in the Netherlands
1893 in sports
January 1893 events
19th century in Amsterdam
1893 in Dutch sport


François Valéry, father of Édouard Valéry, born in Pageas, a veteran of the First World War, operates a smallholding in La Coquille. Édouard Valéry, is the youngest of the family after his brother Henri. Édouard Valéry's parents moved to Châlus to open a food store run by his mother from 1929 to 1931. His father and mother abandoned the business and returned to the land taking over a smallholding in Saint-Priest-les -Fougères, from 1931 to 1933, shortly after he moved to Saint-Pierre-de-Frugie, then Firbeix they were no longer sharecroppers but farmers. The Valéry family went to live in Corrèze and did not leave Brive, from 1941. At the start of the German occupation, Édouard Valéry participated in clandestine activities but also in those of the resistance movement set up by Edmond Michelet. He and his brother are arrested while distributing the underground newspaper Combat. In September 1942, Jacques Chapou, departmental head of the Liberation-Sud movement for the Lot replaces Édouard Valéry, who will become commissioner of operations in Dordogne. He married in Périgueux, in 1945 with Solange Sanfourche, born in 1922 in Carsac-Aillac and died in 2013 in Sarlat, who was resistant (nom de guerre: Marie-Claude) as typist secretary and liaison officer. She took the mail to Olivier, a resistance fighter says André Dufour. The Sanfourche family had lodged and hid dozens of illegal fighters during the occupation.

References

World War II people

Édouard Valéry


Sheila S. Blair (born November 26, 1948) is a Canadian-born American art historian and educator. Blair has served as the dual Norma Jean Calderwood University Professor of Islamic and Asian Art at Boston College, along with her husband, Jonathan M. Bloom.

Career
Blair received her Bachelor of Arts in Art History and Sociology from Tufts University in 1970. She then continued education by receiving a Doctor of Philosophy in Art History and Middle Eastern Studies from Harvard University in 1980, graduating in the same exact program as her husband, Jonathan M. Bloom, whom she married in that year. Blair's doctoral dissertation was titled "The Shrine Complex at Natanz, Iran."

Following graduation from Tufts, Blair took a one-year position as an instructor of sociology at Shiraz University. After receiving her doctoral degree, she and Bloom were named Aga Khan Lecturers on Islamic Art and Architecture at Harvard University and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology until 1981. In the following year, Blair was a lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania.

In 2000, Blair and Bloom were named to the dual professorship of Norma Jean Calderwood University Professor of Islamic and Asian Art at Boston College. In that same year, she served as the artistic consultant, with Bloom as principal consultant, for the documentary titled Islam: Empire of Faith. In 2006, they also began holding the joint post of Hamad bin Khalifa Endowed Chair of Islamic Art at Virginia Commonwealth University.

During the 2014-2015 academic year, Blair and Bloom held a research residency at the Shangri La Museum. The couple retired from teaching in 2018.

See also
List of Boston College people
List of Harvard University people
List of people from Montreal
List of Tufts University people

References

External links
Boston College profile

Living people
1948 births
Academics from Montreal
Canadian expatriate academics in the United States
Tufts University School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Women art historians
American art historians
Historians of Islamic art
Boston College faculty
Virginia Commonwealth University faculty

Sheila Blair


Einar Aaron Swan (born Einar (Eino) William Swan; March 20, 1903 – August 8, 1940) was an American musician, arranger and composer. He is known for writing songs including "When Your Lover Has Gone" and "In the Middle of a Dream".

Early life
Swan was born in Fitchburg, Massachusetts to Finnish parents who had immigrated to the United States at the turn of the century; he was the second of nine children. His father was a keen amateur musician and before Einar Swan had entered his teens, he played violin, clarinet, saxophone and piano. At the age of 16 he was already playing in his own dance band, Swanie's Serenaders, and travelling around Massachusetts for three years. Swan's main instrument had been the violin but during this period he switched to alto saxophone.

Career
Around 1924, the bandleader Sam Lanin invited Swan to join his orchestra at New York's famed Roseland Ballroom, and Swan played with leading musicians such as cornettist Red Nichols, and members of The Charleston Chasers Vic Berton (drums) and Joe Tarto (tuba), with whom he soon started composing and arranging material for the orchestra. He also started arranging for the other resident band at the Roseland Ballroom, Fletcher Henderson's orchestra.

After five months with Lanin, Swan joined Vincent Lopez's band in 1925 and went on tour to England. The band at that time also featured Mike Mosiello, Xavier Cugat and his old bandmate Joe Tarto. Shortly thereafter, the Bar Harbor Society Orchestra released "Trail of Dreams" credited to Swan and Raymond Klages.

Around 1930 Swan stopped working as a musician and concentrated on arrangements, starting to work for radio programmes and bandleaders such as Eddie Cantor collaborator Dave Rubinoff and Raymond Paige.

In 1931 he wrote "When Your Lover Has Gone" which was featured in the James Cagney film Blonde Crazy (1931). The song became a hit and has since been covered by many other performers such as Lee Wiley, Louis Armstrong, Ray Charles, Ethel Waters, Billie Holiday, Sarah Vaughan and Frank Sinatra.

In 1939, he composed "In the Middle of a Dream" with Tommy Dorsey and Al Stillman, which was recorded by Glenn Miller and Red Norvo.

Personal life
Swan married, on August 7, 1925, Ann "Billie" Kaufman in Brooklyn. Kaufman's sister, Pauline, was married to lyricist Albert Stillman, with whom Swan would collaborate on "In the Middle of a Dream". At the same time, Swan converted to his wife's religion, Judaism, and changed his middle name from William to Aaron. Swan's conversion exacerbated tensions with his father, who had already been unhappy about Swan abandoning classical music for jazz; his father never spoke to him again after the marriage.

Einar and Ann had two children, Pearl, born in 1926 (later known as Leslie von Roeder), and Donald, born in 1930.

He died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Greenwood Lake, New York in 1940 at the age of 37. After Swan's death, Sinatra donated his royalties from "When Your Lover Has Gone" to Ann, Swan's widow.

Major compositions
 "White Ghost Shivers"
 "Trail of Dreams" (1926)
 "When Your Lover Has Gone" (1931)
 "In the Middle of a Dream" (24 May 1939); Al Stillman (words); Tommy Dorsey and Einar Swan (music)

References

1903 births
1940 deaths
American jazz saxophonists
American male saxophonists
American jazz composers
American male jazz composers
American music arrangers
American people of Finnish descent
Jazz musicians from Massachusetts
20th-century American composers
20th-century American saxophonists
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century jazz composers

Einar Aaron Swan


Pace v. Alabama was a unanimous 1883 United States Supreme Court (SCOTUS) ruling that said that Alabama's law that forbade people of different races from having sex with each other did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment because both/all of the people involved in each act of interracial sex were punished equally. Pace v. Alabama was overturned over 80 years later by McLaughlin v. Florida and  Loving v. Virginia.

In 2010, M. Kelly Tillery said that Pace v. Alabama was one of the ten top worst SCOTUS decisions of all time.

References

1880s in the United States
1883
United States Supreme Court cases
United States law

Pace v. Alabama


Aloe is a genus of succulent plants, with over 500 species. The best-known of these is probably Aloe vera, which is widely cultivated. Aloe vera is probably extinct in the wild.

The species Aloe vera is a great natural moisturizer and can help to soothe dry skin. It also has anti-inflammatory properties, which can help to reduce the appearance of blemishes and wrinkles. Plus, Aloe vera is non-irritating and can be used on any type of skin.

Asparagales

Aloe


Cosmic Zoom is a 1968 short film directed by Robert Verrall and produced by the National Film Board of Canada. It depicts the relative size of everything in the universe in an 8-minute sequence using animation and animation camera shots.

Synopsis
The film starts with an aerial image of a boy rowing with his dog in a boat on the Ottawa River. The movement then freezes and the view slowly zooms out, revealing more of the landscape all the time. The continuous zoom-out takes the viewer on a journey from Earth, past the Moon, the planets of the Solar System, the Milky Way and out into the far reaches of the then known universe. The process is then reversed, and the view zooms back through space to Earth, returning to the boy on the boat. It then zooms in to the back of the boy's hand, where a mosquito is resting. It zooms into the insect's proboscis and on  into the microscopic world, concluding at the level of an atomic nucleus. It then zooms back out to the original view of the boy on the boat.

Inspiration and follow ups
The film was based on the 1957 essay "Cosmic View" by Kees Boeke. The 1968 short film Powers of Ten (updated in 1977) used the same idea and techniques, as did the 1996 IMAX film Cosmic Voyage.

Release
Cosmic Zoom was one of seven NFB animated shorts acquired by the American Broadcasting Company, marking the first time NFB films had been sold to a major American television network. It aired on ABC in the fall of 1971 as part of the children's television show Curiosity Shop, executive produced by Chuck Jones. In the UK it was shown at least twice as a segment of the children's TV magazine programme Blue Peter.

Awards
 Ibero-American Documentary Film. Festival, Bilbao: Gold Medal, 1969
 Trieste Science+Fiction Festival, Trieste: Golden Seal of the City of Trieste, 1969
 International Educational Film Festival, Tehran: Certificate of Merit, Scientific Films, 1969
 International Exhibition of Scientific Film, Buenos Aires: Diploma of Honor, 1970
 International Festival of Short Films, Philadelphia: Award for Exceptional Merit, 1970
 UNIATEC International Technical Film Competition, Berlin: Award of Excellence 1972

See also
Cosmic Eye, a similar film
Earth's location in the universe

References

External links

1968 films
Animated films without speech
Canadian animated short films
Canadian short documentary films
Canadian animated documentary films
Documentary films about outer space
National Film Board of Canada animated short films
1968 documentary films
1960s animated short films
1968 animated films
Films produced by Robert Verrall
Films scored by Pierre F. Brault
1968 short films
1960s short documentary films
1960s Canadian films

Cosmic Zoom


The Chandler Arena (formerly the Sleeman Sports Centre) is an indoor sports venue, located in the suburb of Chandler in Brisbane, Queensland. It has seating capacity for 2,700, and hosts netball, basketball, indoor soccer, badminton and volleyball.

The Sleeman Sports Complex, of which the Chandler Arena is a part, was purpose-built for the 1982 Commonwealth Games which were staged in Brisbane. Since then the centre has hosted a range of sporting events including the 1994 World Masters Games and the 2001 Goodwill Games swimming, diving and cycling events.

The Sleeman Complex, which includes the Chandler Arena, the Chandler Aquatic Centre, and the Chandler Velodrome, was named after the past Brisbane Lord Mayors, Sir John Beals Chandler and Frank Sleeman.

Chandler arena was also the one time home of the Brisbane Bullets of the National Basketball League between 1984 and 1986 before the team moved into the 13,500 capacity, state of the art Brisbane Entertainment Centre early in the 1986 NBL season. The Bullets won their first NBL Championship at Chandler Arena defeating the Adelaide 36ers 121–95 on 7 September 1985 in the last NBL Grand Final to be played as a single game. This turned out to be the only one of the Bullets three NBL championships that was won in Brisbane and the only one won at the Chandler Arena.

Chandler Arena was also the home of the Queensland Firebirds in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy netball series between 1997 and 2008 before the series became the ANZ Championship and the team moved to the larger Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre.

References

Netball venues in Queensland
Defunct National Basketball League (Australia) venues
Basketball venues in Australia
Sports venues in Brisbane
Brisbane Bullets

Chandler Arena


John Giorno (December 4, 1936 – October 11, 2019) was an American poet and performance artist. He founded the not-for-profit production company Giorno Poetry Systems and organized a number of early multimedia poetry experiments and events. Giorno's creative journey was marked by collaborations, groundbreaking initiatives, and a deep exploration of diverse art forms. He gained prominence through his association with pop art luminary Andy Warhol, sparking a creative partnership that propelled his career to new heights.

Giorno's artistic evolution was shaped by his encounters with Warhol and other influential figures. His notable appearance in Warhol's 1964 film Sleep, where he slept on camera for over five hours, introduced audiences to his unique blend of performance and artistic expression. Giorno's creative trajectory was marked by an array of multimedia poetry experiments, one of which was the pioneering "Dial-A-Poem" project. This venture allowed individuals to access brief poems by contemporary poets via telephone, forging a novel connection between technology and poetry.

Collaboration was a hallmark of Giorno's work, as he joined forces with renowned artists, including William S. Burroughs, Patti Smith, Laurie Anderson, Philip Glass, and Robert Mapplethorpe. His poetic style evolved over time, encompassing techniques such as appropriation, cut-ups, and montage. His signature double-column poems, characterized by repetition, mirrored the vocal distortions he employed in his performances. As Giorno's career progressed, his work began to incorporate political themes, notably his active protests against the Vietnam War.

Beyond his artistic endeavors, Giorno embraced spirituality and activism. A transformative trip to India in 1971 introduced him to Tibetan Buddhism, particularly the Nyingma tradition. He was one of the earliest Western students of Tibetan Buddhism, inviting various Tibetan teachers to New York City and hosting them.  As a committed AIDS activist, he founded the AIDS Treatment Project in 1984, providing vital support to those affected by the epidemic. Giorno's impact extended globally, as he continued to perform, collaborate, and exhibit his work, leaving an enduring legacy in the worlds of poetry, performance art, and multimedia exploration.

Biography
Giorno was born in New York City, and was raised both in Brooklyn and the Long Island town of Roslyn Heights. He attended high school at James Madison High School in Brooklyn and graduated from Columbia University in 1958, where he was a "college chum" of physicist Hans Christian von Baeyer. At Columbia, he was a resident of Livingston Hall. While in his early twenties, he briefly worked in New York City as a stockbroker. In 1962 he met Andy Warhol during Warhol's first New York Pop Art solo exhibit at Eleanor Ward's Stable Gallery. They became lovers and Warhol remained an important influence for Giorno's developments in poetry, performance and recordings.

Warhol's 1964 silent film Sleep shows Giorno sleeping on camera for more than five hours. A lesser-known Warhol film featuring Giorno, John Washing (also 1963), runs a mere 4½ minutes. Giorno and Warhol are said to have remained very close until 1964, after which time their meetings were rare. Their relationship was revived somewhat in the last year before Warhol's death. Inspired by Warhol, and subsequent relationships with Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns, Giorno began applying Pop Art techniques of appropriation of found imagery to his poetry, producing The American Book of the Dead in 1964 (published in part in his first book, Poems, in 1967). Meetings with William S. Burroughs and Brion Gysin in 1964 contributed to his interest in applying cut up and montage techniques to found texts, and (via Gysin) his first audio poem pieces, one of which was played at the Paris Museum of Modern Art Biennale in 1965.

Inspired by Rauschenberg's Experiments in Art and Technology events of 1966, Giorno began making "Electronic Sensory Poetry Environments", working in collaboration with synthesizer creator Robert Moog and others to create psychedelic poetry installation/happenings at venues such as St. Mark's Church in New York. In 1965, Giorno founded a not-for-profit production company, Giorno Poetry Systems in order to connect poetry to new audiences, using innovative technologies. In 1967, Giorno organized the first  Dial-A-Poem event at the Architectural League of New York, making short poems by various contemporary poets available over the telephone. The piece was repeated to considerable acclaim at the Museum of Modern Art in 1970, and resulted in a series of LP records compiling the recordings, which were issued by Giorno Poetry Systems. Some of the poets and artists who recorded or collaborated with Giorno Poetry Systems were Burroughs, John Ashbery, Ted Berrigan, Patti Smith, Laurie Anderson, Philip Glass, Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Mapplethorpe.

Giorno's text-based poetry evolved rapidly in the late 1960s from direct appropriation of entire texts from newspapers, to montage of radically different types of textual material, to the development of his signature double-column poems, which feature extensive use of repetition both across columns and down the page. This device allowed Giorno to mimic the echoes and distortions he was applying to his voice in performance.  A number of these poems were collected in Balling Buddha (1970).  The poems also feature increasingly radical political content, and Giorno was involved in a number of protests against the Vietnam war. Spiro Agnew called Giorno and Abbie Hoffman  "would be Hanoi Hannahs" after their WPAX radio broadcasts made to the U.S. troops in South Vietnam on Radio Hanoi.

Giorno travelled to India in 1971 where he met Dudjom Rinpoche, head of the Nyingma order of Tibetan Buddhism.  He became one of the earliest Western students of Tibetan Buddhism, and participated in Buddhist communities for several decades, inviting various Tibetan teachers to New York City and hosting them.  Some of Giorno's poetry reflects Buddhist and other Asian religious themes  beginning with his earliest verse, but the poems in Cancer In My Left Ball (1972) and those that follow involve a highly original interpenetration of Buddhist and Western avant-garde practices and poetics.

Touring rock clubs in the 1970s with Burroughs, Giorno continued to develop an amplified, confrontational performance poetry that was highly influential on what became the Poetry Slam scene, as well as the performance art of Karen Finley and Penny Arcade, and the early Industrial music of Throbbing Gristle and Suicide. In 1982 he made the album Who Are You Staring At? with Glenn Branca and is prominently featured in Ron Mann's 1982 film Poetry in Motion.  He stopped using found elements in his poetry in the early 1980s and henceforth pursued a kind of experimental realism, incantatory and repetitive yet at the same time lyrical.

Giorno celebrated queer sexuality from the 1964 "Pornographic Poem", through his psychedelic evocations of gay New York City nightlife in the 1970s, to more recent poems such as "Just Say No To Family Values". He founded an AIDS charity, the AIDS Treatment Project in 1984, which continues to give direct financial and other support to individuals with AIDS to the present day.

In addition to his collaborations with Burroughs, Giorno produced 55 LPs, tapes, videos and books. He performed at poetry festivals and events, notably in Europe where he was an active participant in the sound poetry scene for several decades. Giorno's artwork Poem Prints (1991) is included in the permanent collection of the Pérez Art Museum Miami, Florida. The piece was acquired through the larger acquisition of over 400 language-based artworks from the collection of founders of the Sackner Archive of Concrete and Visual Poetry, a Miami based words and language arts collection.

Giorno lived at 255 East 74th Street, when a small carriage house was located on the property. He later lived and worked from three lofts in a building in the Bowery neighborhood on the Lower East Side.

In 2007 he appeared in Nine Poems in Basilicata, a film directed by Antonello Faretta based on his poems and his performances. In addition to his solo performances in live poetry shows, since 2005 he had collaborated in some music-poetry shows  with Spanish rock singer and composer Javier Colis.

The first career-spanning collection of Giorno's poems, Subduing Demons in America: Selected Poems 1962–2007, edited by Marcus Boon, was published by Soft Skull in 2008.

In 2010, Giorno had his first one-person gallery show in New York City, entitled Black Paintings and Drawings, at the Nicole Klagsbrun Gallery, wherein he exhibited works that chronicled the evolution of the poem painting. The first Poem Prints were part of the Dial-A-Poem installation in the 1970 exhibition Information at the Museum of Modern Art.  Connecting words and images, the poet uses the materiality of the written word to confront audiences with poetry in different contexts.

In 2011, he starred in one of two versions for the music video to R.E.M.'s final single "We All Go Back to Where We Belong".

Death
Giorno died of a heart attack at age 82 on October 11, 2019, at his home in Lower Manhattan. At the time of his death, he was married to Swiss artist Ugo Rondinone.

References

Further reading
 José Esteban Muñoz, "Ghosts of Public Sex. Utopian Longings, Queer Memories", in Policing Public Sex. Queer Politics and the Future of Gay Activism, Boston, South End Press, 1996, , pp. 355–372.

External links
Archivio Conz

John Giorno Foundation website
John Giorno on Instagram

1936 births
2019 deaths
20th-century American artists
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American poets
21st-century American artists
21st-century American male writers
21st-century American poets
American male poets
American performance artists
American writers of Italian descent
Columbia College (New York) alumni
American gay artists
American gay writers
HIV/AIDS activists
LGBT Buddhists
LGBT people from New York (state)
American LGBT poets
Nyingma Buddhists
People from Roslyn Heights, New York
Poets from New York (state)
Postmodern writers
Tibetan Buddhists from the United States
Writers from Brooklyn
Gay poets

John Giorno


The Hyosung Comet Series comprises a range of 125, 250, and 650 cc V-Twin engined recreational motorcycles. They are made in South Korea by Hyosung Motors & Machinery Inc.  All models in the Comet series are designated by model codes in the form GTxxxs with xxx representing the approximate engine displacement in cubic centimetres, and R or S being optional suffixes designating the motorcycle style (full fairing and half fairing respectively, being the default a naked bike).

Current Models
The Comet series range currently includes the models listed below.

GT125
GT250R, GT250
GT650R, GT650S, GT650

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011022710/http://www.hyosungmotorsusa.com/product/roadsport/main.asp?product=RoadSports

Comet series

Hyosung Comet Series


The geology of Abkhazia includes Neogene molasse deposits which are common along the coast. Paleogene greywacke and siltstone rocks run in a belt inshore into Georgia, while much of the northern and central areas of the country are underlain by Cretaceous and Jurassic rocks. The entire country is underlain by the suture left by the closing the Paleotethys Ocean. The region has asymmetric, isoclinal folding.

References

Geology
Abkhazia
Abkhazia
Geology of Asia by country
Geology of Europe by country
Geology by country

Geology of Abkhazia


Absalom Tatom (1742 – December 20, 1802) was a U.S. Congressman from North Carolina from 1795 to 1796. He was a slaveholder.

Biography
Born in North Carolina in 1742, Tatom was a sergeant in the Greenville, North Carolina Militia in 1763; he served in North Carolina Militia during the American Revolutionary War, where he was commissioned first lieutenant on September 1, 1775, and promoted to the rank of captain June 29, 1776. He resigned from the Continental Army on September 19, 1776.

On August 15, 1778, Tatom enlisted as assistant quartermaster and keeper of the arsenal in the State service at Hillsborough, North Carolina; he was contractor for Hillsborough in 1778 and named major of detachment of the North Carolina Light Horse February 12, 1779.

In 1779, Tatom served as clerk of court in Randolph County; he was elected to the North Carolina House of Commons, but, because of his county clerk position, was disqualified from service in the legislature. In 1781, Tatom was district auditor for Hillsborough.

Tatom rose in state government; in 1782, he was one of three commissioners appointed by Congress to survey lands granted to Continental soldiers in the western territory (later Tennessee); that same year, he was a private secretary of Governor Thomas Burke and state tobacco agent. The Continental Congress named him surveyor of North Carolina in May 1785 and was named  commissioner to sign State paper money in December 1785.

In 1788, Tatom was a delegate to the convention which considered ratification of the United States Constitution. In 1794, Tatom was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the 4th United States Congress where he served from March 4, 1795, until his resignation on  June 1, 1796. Tatom was later a member of the state House of Commons from 1797 to 1802; he died in Raleigh, North Carolina, in December 1802 and is buried in the Old City Cemetery.

References

 Retrieved on 2009-02-26

1742 births
1802 deaths
Continental Army officers from North Carolina
Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives
Burials at City Cemetery (Raleigh, North Carolina)
American surveyors
Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from North Carolina
18th-century American politicians
People from Greenville, North Carolina
People from Randolph County, North Carolina
19th-century American politicians

Absalom Tatom


The wheelharp is a musical instrument with bowed strings controlled by a keyboard and foot-controlled motor, similar to Leonardo da Vinci's viola organista, a keyboard-operated string instrument for continuously sounding strings by rubbing the strings with spinning wheels, powered by a treadle controlled by one foot of the musician. Created by Jon Jones and Mitchell Manger, the wheelharp debuted at the 2013 NAMM Show in Anaheim, California.

According to the Wall Street Journal, it "looks and works like a cross between a harpsichord and a hurdy-gurdy: a motor driven wheel spins, rubbing against strings when the player depresses a key."

However, the principle of bowed strings in a keyboard instrument is old. Michael Praetorius' Syntagma Musicum depicted a Nürnbergisch Geigenwerk (Geigenklavizimbel).

See also
 Viola organista
 Bowed clavier

References

External links

Experimental musical instruments
Hurdy-gurdies

Wheelharp


The Federation of Enterprises in Belgium (, VBO, , FEB) is the only Belgian non-profit organization representing companies in all three regions of Belgium. Its members, the different Belgian sectorial employers' organizations, represent companies in key industrial and service sectors. All in all, it represents more than 30,000 businesses, of which 25,000 are small or medium-sized enterprises. Since May 2012, Pieter Timmermans is CEO of the Federation of Belgian Enterprises, and since March 2017, Bernard Gilliot of Tractebel is the President.

The VBO/FEB aims to help create jobs for the future and ensure that these jobs complement each other, especially in the service, industrial and construction sectors. In terms of jobs, the VBO/FEB represents approximately 1.5 million workers in the private sector.

History
It was founded in 1973 after a merger of the Federation of Belgian Industries and the Federation of Non Industrial Enterprises of Belgium. The VBO/FEB is the voice of business in Belgium. It aims to: work towards creating an optimum business environment, promote business interests at federal, European and international level (in 150 bodies) and to ensure consistency in the message entrepreneurs deliver and the actions they take.

Regional federations
 BECI (Brussels Enterprises Commerce and Industry)
 VOKA (Vlaams Economisch Verbond)
 Walloon Union of Companies (UWE)

See also
 Agoria
 Cercle de Lorraine
 Cercle Gaulois
 De Warande (Club)
 Economy of Belgium
 European Business Summit
 Fedustria
 League of Christian Employers (VKW)
 Mouvement des Entreprises de France
 Prince Albert Fund
 Science and technology in Belgium
 Union of Industrial and Employers' Confederations of Europe
 UNIZO

External links

Labour in Belgium
Trade associations based in Belgium
Economy of Belgium
Employers' organizations
Organizations established in 1973

Federation of Belgian Enterprises


Lieutenant General Sushil Kumar "S. K." Pillai , PVSM (14 January 1934 – 8 April 2015) was an Indian Army General. He was best known for the role he played in quelling the troubles in India's north-east region. He was Colonel of the Assam Regiment from 1987 to 1991 and was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal in 1989. He continued to remain active after his retirement in 1991.

Early life
Born on 14 January 1934, at Nagpur, in the aristocratic Elenkath family of Travancore, a nephew of Sir Narayana Raghavan Pillai of Elenkath he was commissioned into the 3rd Battalion of the Assam Regiment in 1955.
He married an English lady named Mary Jane in New Delhi

Military career
During his Army career spanning over 36 years, he has held staff and instructional appointments including those of Military Attache in the erstwhile USSR and Mongolia during the Brezhnew Era, Deputy Chief of Staff, and Director General of Infantry.
He commanded the 1st Battalion of the Assam Regiment from April 1970 to June 1972. He led the 14 Infantry Division and the 10 Corps.

Writings
As an expert on the North East, he wrote two monographs on the Nagas and the Mizos. He was an Associate Editor of Faultlines along with Kanwar Pal Singh Gill and V. S. Jafa, a journal on conflict resolution. He dissected some important issues concerning India's internal security.

He analysed the causes of insurgency in Nagaland and linked it to the issues of Naga identity and ethnicity. Tracing the growth of Naga insurgency, its leaders and the present situation, he has questioned a number of measures adopted by the Government of India. He has stated that the foisting of a typical democratic state apparatus based on adult franchise is alien to the Naga culture which is based on village leadership grown out of tribal customs.

He has also authored "Assam Vikram," the regimental history of the Assam Regiment.

Death

On 8 April 2015, following a failed battle with cancer, he died at his residence in Kowdiar, Trivandrum and his funeral was conducted before sunset as per Nair customs with full honours.  In a tribute issued shortly afterwards, Lt Gen Subrata Saha, Colonel Commandant of the Assam Regiment said, He will be remembered for his outstanding contribution to the Assam Regiment, the Indian Army and the nation,.

References

Indian generals
1934 births
2015 deaths
Military personnel from Thiruvananthapuram
Malayali people
Recipients of the Param Vishisht Seva Medal
Indian military attachés

Sushil Kumar Pillai


A virtual piano is an application (software) designed to simulate playing a piano on a computer. The virtual piano is played using a keyboard and/or mouse and typically comes with many features found on a digital piano.

Virtual player piano software can simultaneously play MIDI / score music files, highlight the piano keys corresponding to the notes and highlight the sheet music notes.

See also

 Synthesia
 Scorewriter
 List of music software

References

Piano
Music software
Musical composition

Virtual piano