Bowieville is a historic home located near Upper Marlboro in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States. It is an elegant two-part plantation house of the late Federal style, built of brick and covered with stucco. The architectural detail is transitional between the Federal and Greek Revival styles.

Bowieville is one of the finest examples of the Federal style in Prince George's County. Features such as its symmetry, elliptical fanlights at the entry and between the parlors, tripartite windows, bowed rear porch, and other Adamesque details exemplify the Federal style. Bowieville reflects the prosperity of the tobacco economy of Prince George's County, as well as the prominence of the Bowie family.   Bowieville once held 54 slaves.

The Bowie family had extensive landholdings in the county and were important politically. Bowieville was built in 1819-20 by Mary Wooton Bowie, daughter of Robert Bowie, Governor of Maryland, on property she inherited from her father, and is very similar in styling to his home, Mattaponi, which is also of brick covered with stucco.

After the death of Mary Bowie in 1825, the plantation was entangled in legal issues until the house was sold in 1846 to William J. Berry, one of the county's wealthiest planters.

Bowieville was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

References

External links
, including photograph in 1989, at Maryland Historical Trust web site

Historic American Buildings Survey in Maryland
Houses completed in 1820
Houses in Prince George's County, Maryland
Federal architecture in Maryland
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland
Plantation houses in Maryland
Bowie family
National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland

Bowieville


A showgirl is a female performer in a theatrical revue who wears an exotic and revealing costume and in some shows may appear topless. Showgirls are usually dancers, sometimes performing as chorus girls, burlesque dancers or fan dancers, and many are classically trained with skills in ballet. The term showgirl is also sometimes used by strippers and some strip clubs use it as part of their business name.

History

In Eighteenth century England  the term showgirl meant a young woman who acted in a showy way to attract male attention, but by the mid-nineteenth century the term had come to mean a singer and dancer in music hall acts. Showgirls as we now understand them date from the late 1800s in Parisian music halls and cabarets such as the Moulin Rouge, Le Lido, and the Folies Bergère which first featured a nude showgirl in 1918. A popular showgirl dance was the can-can. The trafficking of showgirls for the purposes of prostitution was the subject of a salacious novel by the nineteenth-century French author Ludovic Halévy. The Ziegfeld Follies revue on Broadway introduced showgirls to the United States in 1907, and Busby Berkeley included them in his Hollywood films in the 1930s. The Bluebell Girls, a dance troupe created by the Irish dancer Margaret Kelly in 1932, performed at the Folies Bergère and Le Lido. By the 1950s there were permanent troupes of Bluebell Girls in Paris and Las Vegas and touring troupes that travelled around the world.
The first casino on the Las Vegas Strip to employ dancing girls as a diversion between acts was the El Rancho Vegas in 1941. Showgirls with expensive costumes were presented in Las Vegas in 1952 at the Sands Casino for a show with Danny Thomas. Initially opening and closing for headline acts, sometimes dancing around the headliner, showgirls later moved on to being the main attraction and stars of the show. During the 1950s and 1960s showgirls performed in every hotel and casino on the Las Vegas strip. Competition between casinos led to increasingly lavish shows and costumes. Major shows of the late 1950s included Donn Arden's Lido de Paris show at the Stardust, Jack Entratter's Copa Girls at the Sands Hotel, and Harold Minsky's Follies at the Desert Inn. Minsky introduced topless showgirls and these were then incorporated into The Lido de Paris, a show that ran for 31 years. The popularity of showgirl shows in Las Vegas slowly declined after the 1960s, with all of the major shows closing by the early 21st century.

Revues with showgirls

 Folies Bergère (Paris)
 Folies Bergere at The Tropicana Hotel Las Vegas (Las Vegas)
 Jubilee! Bally's (Las Vegas)
 Le Lido (Paris)
 Moulin Rouge (Paris)
 Paradis Latin (Paris)
 Splash (Riviera, Las Vegas) (Frank Marino Show - La Cage)
 The Fabulous Palm Springs Follies (Palm Springs, California; unique in that the chorus line is of showgirls in their 50s, 60s and 70s)
 Tropicana Club (Havana, Cuba)
 Cabaret Red Light (Philadelphia, USA)
 VIVA Cabaret Showbar (Blackpool, UK)
 90 Degrees & Rising (Dunes Hotel & Casino, Las Vegas)

Showgirls in popular culture

 The Gold Diggers films, including The Gold Diggers (silent, 1923), Gold Diggers of Broadway (1929), Gold Diggers of 1933 (1933), Gold Diggers of 1935 (1935), Gold Diggers of 1937 (1936), and Gold Diggers in Paris (1938)
 Bolero, a 1934 film in which American burlesque dancer Sally Rand played a carnival showgirl and performed a fan dance
 The Golddiggers, a troupe that performed on The Dean Martin Show beginning in 1968
 Showgirls, a 1995 film directed by Paul Verhoeven and starring Elizabeth Berkley
 Guys and Dolls, a 1950 Broadway production, depicts a Miss Adelaide as the main character's fiancée, a singer and showgirl in various musical numbers.
 Kylie Minogue was inspired by different types of showgirls and named and styled her Showgirl: The Greatest Hits Tour and Showgirl: The Homecoming Tour concerts after them. Showgirl themes can be seen at many corners through Minogue's entire career.
 Several showgirl cars are seen at the Dinoco booth during the animated film Cars; former Motorama show car Flo displays vanity licence plate SHOGRL as a "Motorama 1957 showgirl".
 Joe Camel 1990s ads feature Las Vegas showgirls
 Rover Dangerfield a 1991 film features showgirl Connie, Rover's kind-hearted owner.
 The Simpsons episodes "138th Episode Spectacular", "Homer's Night Out", and "Bart After Dark" feature showgirls, the last two include recurring character Shauna "Princess Kashmir" Tipton.
 Family Guy opening first has background showgirls then later (Season 9) features main female characters Trish Takanawa, Bonnie Swanson, Jillian Russell-Wilcox, Joyce Kinney and Barbara Pewterschmidt as showgirls, in "Whistle While Your Wife Works" Peter Griffin falls on and crushes a background showgirl, only to complain about hurting his foot, and in "Lottery Fever" one showgirl confronts him about getting her pregnant and ghosting her.
 Pokémon episode "The March of the Exeggutor Squad" features showgirls at the Kanto carnival, and magician Melvin's assistant Darla is dressed in a Vulpix themed showgirl outfit, while later Misty Williams wears a Goldeen themed one.
 Rock-A-Doodle features showgirl/chorus girl Goldie Pheasant
 South Park episode The Death Camp of Tolerance has Herbert Garrison dress up as a showgirl at an award ceremony in an attempt to get fired and then sue for discrimination.
 I Love Lucy episode Lucy Gets into Pictures has Lucy Ricardo attempt to play a showgirl who gets shot in a movie, but the oversized headdress keeps knocking her down.
 Miss Congeniality 2: Armed and Fabulous involves FBI agent Gracie Hart going undercover as a showgirl at the Oasis.
 My Little Pony Tales episode And the Winner Is... shows Clover Bloom singing "The Choice I Ought to Make'' where her friends Melody, Starlight, Patch, Bright Eyes, Sweetheart and Bon Bon dance in a kick line and form a pyramid, wearing garters and feathers in their manes.

References

Theatrical occupations
Variety shows
Dance occupations

Entertainment occupations
Gendered occupations

Showgirl


The Republican Force (, FR) is a provincial conservative political party in Tucumán Province, Argentina. The party was set up by Antonio Domingo Bussi, who was Tucumán's Governor during the early years of the National Reorganization Process.

As of 2009, Fuerza Republicana holds one of Tucumán's three senators, Carlos Salazar. The Party's second senator, Delia Pinchetti de Sierra Morales, resigned from Republican Force in May 2009 after being dropped as a candidate, and has since joined the Unión Pro Federal. FR has been part of a coalition with a minor, free market-oriented party, Recreate for Growth (itself aligned to the Unión Pro).

Its leading politician, Ricardo Bussi, son of Antonio Bussi, was a senator until 2007 when he stood for Governor of Tucumán Province without success.

See also
:Category:Fuerza Republicana politicians

References

Tucumán Province
Conservative parties in Argentina

Republican Force (Argentina)


Hopeville Pond State Park is a public recreation area located on Hopeville Pond, an impoundment of the Pachaug River, in  the town of Griswold, Connecticut. A portion of the  state park occupies the site of the lost village of Hopeville. The park manager's house occupies Avery House, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The park offers fishing, swimming, camping, and trails for hiking and biking. It is managed by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.

History
Before European colonization, the Mohegan people constructed stone weirs to harvest fish from the Pachaug River. The weirs directed water flow and fish to the center of the stream for easy capture in fishing baskets.
Village
In 1711, Stephen Gates was granted 14 acres of land lying within the modern state park's boundaries. Gates constructed a gristmill and sawmill, inundating the waterfall on the Pachaug River in the process. In 1818, Elizah Abel added a woolen mill to the site. Later, John Slater purchased the three mills and constructed a satinet mill which he named the "Hope Mill," the village, pond and state park names all having subsequently derived from his inspiration.

By 1840, Hopeville was a "thriving village" according to Daniel L. Phillips, author of Griswold - a history. On November 4, 1850, a meeting was held to discuss the construction of a house of worship. A church was erected for $1,700 and dedicated on December 12, 1852. The village of Hopeville reached its peak in 1860 and was well known for its production of woolens. In 1881, the mill, then owned by Edwin Lanthrop and Company, was destroyed in a fire and not rebuilt. The Ashland Cotton Company would later acquire the property. In 1900, the church and four houses also burned. In 1908, the original gristmill from 1711 was also destroyed by fire. Sometime before 1917, the Ashland Cotton Company erected a dam on the site and created the 145 acre reservoir; the dam was used to generate electrical power for its mills in Jewett City.

Avery House

The Avery House, also known as Hopeville Pond Park House, is a  by , the two-story central-chimney Colonial dating to circa 1770. The central chimney is on a stone base and has a built-in root cellar.  In 1935, the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) rehabilitated the property for park use. The alterations in the house changed the traditional five-room first floor plan by eliminating the keeping rooms and the removal of the kitchen fireplace. It retains much of its original door frames and wrought-iron latch hardware. After the rehabilitation of the property, the Avery House became the Hopeville Park manager's residence. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Park
The Civilian Conservation Corps, encamped in nearby Pachaug State Forest, developed the state park in the 1930s. Their efforts included adapting the Avery House for park use. Hopeville Pond was designated as a state park in 1938.

Activities
The park's recreational activities include biking, hiking, camping, fishing, boating, and swimming.  The park's campground features 80 campsites. Fish found in  Hopeville Pond include channel catfish, northern pike, largemouth bass, chain pickerel, and yellow perch.

Hopeville Pond was included in an 11-mile bike trail in Connecticut: Rides for the Casual Cyclist. The Lake Lubbers website states that Hopeville Pond is a popular location for fishing, including ice fishing. The reported fish include "northern pike, largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, catfish, chain pickerel, yellow perch, and bluegill". The park's camp site received a positive mention in 2013 in Best Tent Camping: New England.

References

External links
Hopeville Pond State Park Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection
Hopeville Pond State Park Map Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection

Beaches of Connecticut
State parks of Connecticut
Parks in New London County, Connecticut
Protected areas established in 1938
1938 establishments in Connecticut
Griswold, Connecticut
Civilian Conservation Corps in Connecticut

Hopeville Pond State Park


Fort Andres Bonifacio (formerly named Fort William McKinley) is the site of the national headquarters of the Philippine Army (Headquarters Philippine Army or HPA) located in Taguig City, Philippines. The camp is named after Andres Bonifacio, the revolutionary leader of the Katipunan during the Philippine Revolution.

It is located near Villamor Air Base, the national headquarters of the Philippine Air Force (PAF).

History

American colonial era

Fort William McKinley, now Fort Bonifacio, was established during the Philippine–American War in 1901. The land is situated south of the Pasig River, down to the creek Alabang, in Manila.  It was declared a U.S. military reservation by U.S. Secretary of War Elihu Root, expropriating the land owned by Captain Juan Gonzales without compensation.  This expropriation was later challenged by then-President Ferdinand Marcos and the United States (US) agreed to compensate, through him, in trust deposits.

In 1916, the 3rd Battalion of the 31st Infantry Regiment was formed here. Until December 1920, this was the home of the 31st Infantry Regiment. During World War II, the USAFFE headquarters for the Philippine Department and the Philippine Division were at the fort. The bulk of the Philippine Division was stationed there and this was where, under the National Defense Act of 1935, specialized artillery training was conducted.

On March 18, 1926, U.S. Army Lieutenant John Sewell Thompson was executed by hanging at Fort McKinley for murdering his fiancée, 17-year-old Audrey Burleigh. He was the first American officer to be executed in peacetime, and remains the only graduate of the United States Military Academy to be executed in the history of that institution.

Postwar era

After Philippine independence on July 4, 1946, the US surrendered to the Republic of the Philippines all rights of possession, jurisdiction, supervision, and control over the Philippine territory except for the use of their military bases. On May 14, 1949, Fort McKinley was turned over to the Philippine government. The facility became the home of the Philippine Army and later the Philippine Navy and was renamed Fort Bonifacio. It lies in the present-day cities of Pasay, Parañaque, Pasig and Taguig, all former parts of the province of Rizal.

The Manila American Cemetery and Memorial was later established there.

Martial law
When President Ferdinand Marcos placed the Philippines under martial law in 1972, Fort Bonifacio became the host of three detention centers full of political prisoners - the Ipil Reception Center (sometimes called the Ipil Detention Center), a higher security facility called the Youth Rehabilitation Center (YRC), and the Maximum Security Unit where  Senators Jose W. Diokno and Benigno Aquino Jr. were detained.

Ipil was the largest prison facility for political prisoners during martial law. Among the prisoners held there were some of the country's leading academics, creative writers, journalists, and historians including Butch Dalisay, Ricky Lee, Bienvenido Lumbera, Jo Ann Maglipon, Ninotchka Rosca, Zeus Salazar, and William Henry Scott. After Fort Bonifacio was privatized, the area in which Ipil was located became the area near S&R and MC Home Depot at 32nd Street and 8th Avenue in Bonifacio Global City.

The YRC was a higher security prison which housed prominent society figures and media personalities, supposed members of the Communist Party of the Philippines, and some known criminals. Journalists imprisoned there included broadcaster Roger Arienda, Manila journalists Rolando Fadul and Bobby Ordoñez, and Bicolano journalist Manny de la Rosa. Society figures Tonypet and Enrique Araneta, Constitutional Commission delegate Manuel Martinez, poet Amado V. Hernandez, and Dr Nemesio Prudente, president of the Philippine College of Commerce (now the Polytechnic University of the Philippines, were all also imprisoned at the YRC. So were a number of Catholic priests including Fathers Max de Mesa and Fr Hagad from Jolo, and Jesuit Fr Hilario Lim. The site of YRC was later used as the Makati City Jail.

Senator Benigno Aquino Jr. and Senator Jose Diokno were Marcos' first martial law prisoners, arrested just before midnight on September 22, 1972, and at 1 AM on September 23, 1972, respectively.  They were eventually imprisoned in Fort Bonifacio at the Maximum Security Unit separate from the YRC.  They stayed there until Marcos moved them to an even higher security facility in Fort Magsaysay in Laur, Nueva Ecija on March 12, 1973.  Diokno would remain in solitary confinement at Laur until September 11, 1974, while Aquino would stay in prison until May 5, 1980.

Creation of Bonifacio Global City
On March 19, 1992, President Corazon C. Aquino signed the Bases Conversion and Development Act of 1992 (RA 7227) into law, creating the Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA, tasked with converting Military Bases into "integrated developments, dynamic business centers and vibrant communities."

On February 7, 1995, the BCDA and a consortium led by Metro Pacific Investments Corporation formed a joint venture called the Fort Bonifacio Development Corporation (FBDC) for the purpise of developing 150 hectares of former Fort Bonifacio land. The private group bought a 55% stake in the FBDC for 30.4 billion pesos, while BCDA held on to the remaining 45% stake.  The FBDC's landmark project was conceived as Bonifacio Global City, a real estate development area meant to accommodate 250,000 residents and 500,000 daytime workers and visitors. The project was hampered by the 1997 Asian financial crisis, but moved forward when Ayala Land, Inc. and Evergreen Holdings, Inc. of the Campos Group purchased Metro Pacific's controlling stake in FBDC in 2003.

See also
Military history of the Philippines
Military history of the United States

References

Bonifacio
Bonifacio Global City
Army installations of the Philippines
Military installations established in 1901
1901 establishments in the Philippines
Execution sites

Fort Bonifacio


Giorgio van Straten (born 1955) is an Italian writer and manager of arts organizations. His first novel Generazione was published in 1987. In 2000 he won four literary prizes for Il mio nome a memoria, published in English as My Name, A Living Memory (2003),  the story of his Jewish-Dutch family from 1811 to our days. That same year he was awarded the Grand Official Order of Merit of the Italian Republic.

Writing career
Van Straten translated from English into Italian The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett (Giunti, 1992),The Call of the Wild by Jack London (Giunti, 1994),The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling (Giunti, 1995) and The Pavilion on the dunes of Robert Louis Stevenson (The Unit, 1997). He is one of the directors of the Italian literary magazine Nuovi Argomenti.

For musical theater he wrote Tre voci for voice, string orchestra, percussion and tape, music by Giorgio Battistelli, commissioned by the Sagra Musicale Umbra (First performance: Assisi, 1996); Auf den Marmorklippen (On the Marble Cliffs), from the novel by Ernst Jünger, music by Giorgio Battistelli (First performance: National Theatre, Mannheim, 2002); Open Air, music of Andrea Molino, commissioned by the Società Aquilana dei Concerti (First performance: L'Aquila,  2012);  Here there is no why, multimedia music theater project by Andrea Molino (first performance at the Teatro Comunale, Bologna, 2014).

Books written
 Generazione (1987)
 Hai sbagliato foresta (1989)
 Ritmi per il nostro ballo (1992)
 Corruzione (1995)
 Il mio nome a memoria (2000) English translation "My name a living memory"
 L'impegno spaesato (2002)
 La verità non serve a niente (2008)
 Storia d'amore in tempo di guerra (2014)
 Storie di libri perduti (2016) English translation "In search of lost books" (Pushkin Press, 2017)
 Una disperata vitalità (2022)

Management career
From 1985 to 2002 van Straten was the chairman of the Orchestra della Toscana. From 1997 to 2002 he was on the board of directors of the Biennale di Venezia and 1998 to 2002 he also served as president of AGIS, the Italian association for the performing arts.

From 2002 to 2005, Van Straten was general director of the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino. From 2005 to 2008 he managed Palazzo delle Esposizioni e Scuderie del Quirinale in Rome. From 2009 to 2012 he was on the board of directors of the RAI. From 2015 to 2019 he was the director of the Italian Cultural Institute in New York.

Since 2020 he is the President of FAF Toscana - Fondazione Alinari per la Fotografia.

Honors and awards
 Il Ceppo Prize (1989)
 Castiglioncello Prize (1995)
 Grand Official Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (2000)
 Adei-Wizo Prize (2000)
 Procida-Isola di Arturo-Elsa Morante Prize (2000)
 Viareggio Prize (2000)
 Zerilli-Marimò Prize for Italian Fiction (2000)
 Giacomo Matteotti Prize (2015)

References

External links
 Giorgio van Straten at Festivalleteratura
  Giorgio van Straten, in Andrea Kerbaker, Belfagor (Casa Editrice Leo S. Olschki ), Vol.63, No.4 (31 luglio 2008), pp. 431–446

1955 births
English–Italian translators
Italian dramatists and playwrights
Italian translators
Living people
Writers from Florence
Viareggio Prize winners
Italian male dramatists and playwrights
20th-century Italian novelists
20th-century Italian male writers
21st-century Italian novelists
Italian male novelists
Italian people of Dutch-Jewish descent
21st-century Italian male writers
Italian literary critics

Giorgio van Straten


Huaxiagnathus is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of China. It was a compsognathid, large for that group at about half a meter longer than Compsognathus and larger specimens of Sinosauropteryx, with the largest specimen about  in length.

The name Huaxiagnathus is derived from the Chinese Hua Xia, 華夏, a traditional word for "China", and from the Greek gnathos, Latinised into gnathus, meaning "jaw."

Description

The holotype (CAGS-IG-02-301, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing) specimen was collected from the Yixian Formation (Jehol Group, Aptian) at Dabangou Village, Sihetun area, near Beipiao City, in western Liaoning Province. The holotype consists of an essentially complete skeleton, lacking only the end of the tail, preserved on five large slabs. Partially digested bones of an unidentified vertebrate were found within the holotype specimen. Another, larger specimen of Huaxiagnathus was discovered earlier in the Yixian Formation of the Sihetun area (NGMC 98-5-003, National Geological Museum of China, Beijing), but damage and mistakes made during its preparation rendered it unsuitable as a holotype.

Cladistic analysis indicates that Huaxiagnathus is the basal most known compsognathid, as indicated by its unspecialized forearm.

Hwang et al. (2004, pp. 14–15) diagnosed this genus as follows: differing from all other known compsognathids in having a very long posterior process of the premaxilla that overlaps the antorbital fossa, a manus equal to the combined lengths of the humerus and radius, large manual unguals I and II which are subequal in length and 167% the length of manual ungual III, a first metacarpal which has a smaller proximal transverse width than the second metacarpal, and the presence of a reduced olecranon process on the ulna.

References

Compsognathids
Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
Yixian fauna
Cretaceous China
Fossil taxa described in 2004
Taxa named by Mark Norell

Huaxiagnathus


Yuri Petrovich Shvachkin (Russian: Ю́рий Петро́вич Швачкин; 15 November 1930 – 20 February 2021) was a Soviet and Russian chemist. He was a Professor of the Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Faculty of Chemistry at Moscow State University. He was one of the first Soviet scientists who worked on the development of methods for the use of human insulin. Shvachkin was born in Moscow.

Shvachkin died in Moscow on 20 February 2021, aged 90.

References

Russian chemists
1930 births
2021 deaths

Yuri Shvachkin


Ian Napa (born 14 March 1978) is a Zimbabwe born British former professional boxer originally. He held the British bantamweight title twice between 2007 and 2012, and the EBU European bantamweight title from 2008 to 2009.

Early professional career
Napa's early career started brightly enough when he won his first eight bouts in a row. That run was to end in November 2000, when he fought Jason Booth, who at the time was the British and Commonwealth flyweight Champion. The step up in class was too much and Napa lost a points decision. It was not the first time that Napa was to be disappointed when competing for the big prizes, two fights later he found himself competing for the WBU flyweight title losing this time on points to Peter Culshaw.

After that it seemed that every time Napa stepped up in class he would come out on the wrong side of a points defeat. Since the Culshaw loss in June 2001 Napa fought and lost against Marc Callaghan (Southern Area super bantamweight title), Martin Power (British Bantamweight title), Damaen Kelly and Simone Maludrottu (European Bantamweight title).

The British title and the Lonsdale belt
Napa won the British title in July 2006, when he boxed a return against former conqueror Jason Booth. The fight took place at the Robin Park Center, Wigan and ended with a points victory over 12 rounds for Napa. He has defended the title there times against Lee Haskins, Martin Power and Colin Moffett. The third defence was voluntary and allowed Napa to pick up the prestigious Lonsdale belt for keeps.

European champion
Having proved himself at domestic level, Napa set his sights at another shot for the European belt against reigning champion Carmelo Ballone. Speaking before the fight Napa said "This is my second chance with home advantage for the Euro crown and I'll get it right. I've seen a couple tapes of Ballone and I think I'm too slick...Losing is something I cannot think about. There are some good British fighters, but I now believe I am above domestic level." Napa was as good as his word winning in October 2008, a majority decision verdict over the Belgian after coming on strong in the latter part of the fight and putting Ballone down in the 10th round. Speaking after the fight Napa said "I've put so much hard work in and I thank my team for this victory...I deserve this, all my hard work has finally paid off. Words cannot explain how I feel."  Unfortunately for Napa his hold on the title was to prove short lived when in March 2009 he lost a unanimous decision in his first defence against Frenchman Malik Bouziane.

Two time British champion
Napa returned immediately to championship action in his next fight, travelling to Liverpool to fight for his old British title against St Helens Gary Davies. Davies had won the vacant belt after it had been vacated by Napa prior to fighting for the European title. The fight on 23 October 2009, resulted in Napa regaining the title with a majority decision.  On 22 January 2010, Napa defended the title against Jamie McDonnell only to lose a split decision verdict to the man from Doncaster. McDonnell would go on to win the European title in his next fight and so chose to vacate the belt.  This meant that Napa was able to fight for the vacant British title on 4 June 2010 only to end up retiring at the end of the eighth round against roofer Stuart Hall, a man contesting only his ninth professional fight.  Despite coming on strong in the eighth round and being ahead on all the judges scorecards Napa claimed that the heat in the hall had affected him and that he'd struggled to make the bantamweight limit.

References

Living people
Bantamweight boxers
1978 births
British male boxers
Zimbabwean emigrants to the United Kingdom

Ian Napa


English Landing Park is along the Missouri River in Parkville, Missouri, United States. There is a set of train tracks that runs along the park. It has a jogging/biking trail, several shelters for picnics, a soccer field, a baseball diamond, volleyball courts, two playgrounds and a nine-hole Frisbee golf course.

The area of English Landing Park was bought in 1838. The Power Plant Restaurant, which sits right next to the railroad tracks at the entrance to the park, was built in the mid-19th century as a coal-fired twin-boiler power plant that fed the entire city. The park later became a civil war port for the slave trade.

Parkville was not a Civil War battlefield, but there was still mass genocide as numerous slaves tried desperately to escape across the river into Free Kansas. These slaves were buried in three large unmarked cemeteries. After the Civil War, the port was abandoned and the area slowly changed from a bustling city to what is Parkville.

The park includes the historic Bridge, built 1898  which spanned Linn Branch Creek.

Flooding
During the Great Flood of 1993, the park and most of Downtown Parkville were submerged under more than 15 feet of water.

On May 4, 2003, English Landing Park narrowly missed an EF1 tornado that came across the river and cut damage paralleling the railroad tracks before crossing 9 Highway.

In May 2007, the Missouri River flooded the entire park with less than 3 feet of water. The river receded approximately a week later. Also in 2007, the Power Plant Restaurant's neglected smokestack had to be torn down, eradicating an icon of the city's past.
On March 17, 2019, The river flooded up over English Landing Park all the way to the train tracks before retreating a few days later. No buildings were damaged but playground equipment and structures at the dog park were damaged and lost. Also, a bridge that goes over the Linn branch creek collapsed.

References

Other websites
 English Landing Park
 Platte Landing Park, Platte County
 Platte Landing Park, Parkville

Parks in the United States
Buildings and structures in Missouri

English Landing Park


Auditori Enric Granados is the main concert hall in Lleida (Catalonia, Spain) also hosting the city's music conservatory.  It contains a symphonic hall with 803 seats and a chamber music hall with a capacity of 245. This music institution is named after the composer Enric Granados, who was born in Lleida in 1867. Located on Plaça Mossèn Cinto Verdaguer, the building was designed by local architects Ramon Artigues and Ramon Sanabria and opened in 1994 after ten years of construction and was officially inaugurated by Queen Sofía of Spain on 14 February 1995. Ancient remains of Lleida were found under the venue.

The building was used as the primary location for the short film Sonata in Motion. The venue has held many concerts by Spanish singers, such as Luz Casal or El Cigala.

See also
La Llotja de Lleida
Teatre Principal
Teatre de l'Escorxador, Cafè del Teatre
Culture in Lleida

External links

Official website
Lleida Turisme website

Culture in Lleida
Concert halls in Catalonia
Buildings and structures in Lleida
Music venues completed in 1994
1994 establishments in Spain

Auditori Enric Granados


Sir Basil John Mason  (18 August 1923 – 6 January 2015) was an expert on cloud physics and former Director-General of the Meteorological Office from 1965 to 1983 and Chancellor of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) from 1994 to 1996.

Education and early life
Mason was born in Docking, Norfolk. and educated at Fakenham Grammar School and University College, Nottingham.

He served in the Radar branch of the RAF during the Second World War as a Flight-lieutenant. After being awarded a first class degree in physics by the University of London he was in 1948 appointed lecturer in the postgraduate Department of Meteorology at Imperial College, London. He married Doreen Jones, with whom he had two sons.

Career
He worked at Imperial College from 1948 to 1965, being appointed Professor of Cloud Physics in 1961. His work concerned the physical processes involved in the formation of clouds and the release of rain, snow or hail and led to the Mason Equation, which defines the growth or evaporation of small water droplets.

In the 1960s, he helped to modernise the World Meteorological Organization

From 1965 to 1983 he was Director of the UK Meteorological Office at Bracknell where he also developed theories to explain how electric charge is separated in thunderclouds, ultimately leading to lightning.  Mason was elected a Fellow at Imperial College in 1974. His doctoral students included John Latham.

John Mason died in 2015. After his death, the Sir John Mason Academic Trust, was established by his family and is chaired by his son, Professor Nigel Mason OBE, currently Head of the School of Physical Sciences at the University of Kent.

Awards and honours
In 1965 he was awarded the Chree Medal  and in 1974 the Glazebrook Medal from the Institute of Physics and was President of the Institute from 1976 to 1978.

From 1968 to 1970 he was President of the Royal Meteorological Society of which he was an honorary member, and from whom he received the Symons Gold Medal in 1975. In 1974 he was invited to deliver the MacMillan Memorial Lecture to the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland, choosing the subject "Recent Developments in Weather Forecasting".

Mason was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1965 and in 1972 received their Rumford Medal. He was Treasurer of the Society from 1976 to 1986, gave their 1990 Rutherford Memorial Lecture in Canada and in 1991 received their Royal Medal.

In 1991 Mason also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University. He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1993.

In 1973, he was made a companion of the Order of the Bath and in 1979 was knighted for his services to meteorology. He was Chancellor of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology from 1965 to 1996, when he was succeeded by Sir Roland Smith. In 1998 he received an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Reading.

The National Portrait Gallery contains a portrait of Mason. In 2004, Mason opened the Mason Centre for Environmental Flows at the University of Manchester. In 2006, an endowment from Mason enabled the Royal Meteorological Society to establish the Mason Gold Medal. Mason was also Chairman of the British Physics Olympiad Committee.

Bibliography
 The Physics of Clouds (1957)
 Clouds, Rain and Rainmaking (1962); 2nd edition 1976
 The Surface Waters Acidification Programme (editor, 1990)
 Acid Rain: Its Causes and its Effects on Inland Waters (1992)
 Highlights in Environmental Research – Professorial Inaugural Lectures at Imperial College (editor, 2000).
 B.J. Mason (1957) The Physics of Clouds Oxford University Press

References

1923 births
2015 deaths
People from Docking, Norfolk
Alumni of the University of London
Academics of Imperial College London
British meteorologists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Presidents of the British Science Association
Presidents of the Institute of Physics
Presidents of the Royal Meteorological Society
Royal Medal winners
Knights Bachelor
Presidents of the Association for Science Education
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
Royal Air Force personnel of World War II
Royal Air Force officers

John Mason (meteorologist)


Sebastião Phillipes Martins Estácio da Veiga (6 May 1828 in Tavira – 7 December 1891 in Lisbon), was a Portuguese archeologist and writer, known for having discovered several important archaeological sites in the Algarve and having made advancements in the study of several others also found in the region and in the Alentejo.

Biography

Estácio da Veiga was born in Tavira on 6 May 1828. He studied at Faro's high-school, moving afterwards to Lisbon to study at the Escola Politécnica de Lisboa, following the career of secretary official of the Post-Office General Sub-Inspection of the Kingdom.

In 1876, after the strong rain season that occurred in the Algarve, the Fontes Pereira de Melo office charged him with the inventory of all archeological remnants that were to be discovered in the region (as in the case of the Roman Ruins of Milreu, the Roman fish processing plants in Praia da Luz and others found in the Alentejo). The result of his work was called Carta Arqueológica do Algarve (1878), concluded with the installation of the Museu Arqueológico do Algarve, in Lisbon.

In 1880, Estácio da Veiga hosted the International Congress of Anthropology and Pre-History Archeology, in Lisbon.

Estácio da Veiga was a member of several scientific societies, some of the most predominant being the Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Rome Archeologic Institute, Archeologic French Society, the Real Academia de História de Madrid, the Belgian Archeology Institute and the Instituto Arqueológico e Geográfico de Pernambuco, in Brazil.

Estácio da Veiga had achieved the status of knight nobleman (fidalgo cavaleiro) of the Royal House, a title also earned by his father José Agostinho Estácio da Veiga.

In 1933 Lisbon's City Hall paid homage to the writer and archaeologist by giving his name to a street in Penha de França, a civil parish of the city.

Works
 Gibraltar e Olivença, Apontamentos para a História da Usurpação Desta Duas Praças, (1863)
 Plantas da Serra de Monchique Observadas Nesse Ano, (1866)
 Os Povos Balsenses, Sua Situação Geográfica e Física, Indicada por dois Monumentos Romanos Descobertos em Tavira, (1866)
 Romanceiro do Algarve, (1870)
 A Tábula de Bronze de Aljustrel, (1876)
 Antiguidades de Mafra, (1879)
 Memórias das Antiguidades de Mértola, (1877)
 Carta Arqueológica do Algarve, (1878)
 Ode a Luís de Camões em 10 de Junho de 1880, (1880)
 Projecto de Legenda Simbólica para a Elaboração e Interpretação da Carta de Arqueologia Histórica do Algarve, (1885)
 As Orquídeas de Portugal, (1886)
 As Antiguidades Monumentais do Algarve, (1886-1891, four volumes)
 Programa para a Instituição dos Estudos Arqueológicos em Portugal, (1891)

References

 Redacção Quidnovi, com coordenação de José Hermano Saraiva, História de Portugal, Dicionário de Personalidades, Volume XX, Ed. QN-Edição e Conteúdos,S.A., 2004

External links
 Estácio da Veiga on the Portuguese Culture Ministry (in Portuguese)
 CHAGAS, Ofir Renato das. Tavira, Memórias de uma Cidade, Edição do Autor (Facebook page)

Portuguese archaeologists
Portuguese writers
Government ministers of Portugal
1828 births
People from Tavira
1891 deaths

Estácio da Veiga


Quantum block codes are useful in quantum computing and in quantum communications. The encoding circuit for a large block code typically has a high complexity although those for modern codes do have lower complexity.

Quantum convolutional coding theory offers a different paradigm for coding quantum information. The convolutional structure is useful for a quantum communication scenario where a sender possesses a stream of qubits to send to a receiver. The encoding circuit for a quantum convolutional code has a much lower complexity than an encoding circuit needed for a large block code. It also has a repetitive pattern so that the same physical devices or the same routines can manipulate the stream of quantum information.

Quantum convolutional stabilizer codes borrow heavily from the structure of their classical counterparts. Quantum convolutional codes are similar because some of the qubits feed back into a repeated encoding unitary and give the code a memory structure like that of a classical convolutional code. The quantum codes feature online encoding and decoding of qubits. This feature gives quantum convolutional codes both their low encoding and decoding complexity and their ability to correct a larger set of errors than a block code with similar parameters.

Definition

A quantum convolutional stabilizer code acts on a Hilbert space
which is a countably infinite tensor product of two-dimensional qubit Hilbert spaces indexed over integers ≥ 0
:

A sequence
 of Pauli matrices , where

can act on states in . Let  denote the set of all Pauli sequences. The support supp of a Pauli sequence  is the set of indices of the entries in  that are not equal to the identity. The weight of a sequence  is the size  of its support. The delay del of a sequence  is the smallest index for an entry not equal to the
identity. The degree deg of a sequence  is the largest index for an entry not equal to the identity. E.g., the following Pauli sequence

has support , weight three, delay one, and degree four. A sequence has finite support if its weight is finite. Let
 denote the set of Pauli sequences with finite support. The following definition for a quantum convolutional code utilizes the set  in its description.

A rate -convolutional stabilizer code with  is a commuting set  of all -qubit shifts of a basic generator set . The basic generator set  has
 Pauli sequences of finite support:

The constraint length  of the code is the maximum degree of the
generators in . A frame of the code consists of  qubits.

A quantum convolutional code admits an equivalent definition in terms of the delay transform or -transform. The -transform captures shifts of the basic generator set . Let us define the -qubit delay operator  acting on any Pauli sequence  as follows:

We can write  repeated applications of  as a power of :

Let  be the set of shifts of elements
of  by . Then the full stabilizer  for the
convolutional stabilizer code is

Operation

The operation of a convolutional stabilizer code is as follows. The protocol begins with the sender encoding a stream of qubits with an online encoding circuit such as that given in (Grassl and Roetteler 2006). The encoding circuit is online if it acts on a few blocks of qubits at a time. The sender transmits a set of qubits as soon as the first unitary finishes processing them. The receiver measures all the generators in  and corrects for errors as he receives the online encoded qubits. He finally decodes the encoded qubits with a decoding circuit. The qubits decoded from this convolutional procedure should be error free and ready for quantum computation at the receiving end.

A finite-depth circuit maps a Pauli sequence with finite weight to one with finite weight (Ollivier and Tillich 2004). It does not map a Pauli sequence with finite weight to one with infinite weight. This property is important because we do not want the decoding circuit to propagate uncorrected errors into the information qubit stream (Johannesson and Zigangirov 1999). A finite-depth decoding circuit corresponding to the stabilizer  exists by the algorithm given in (Grassl and Roetteler 2006).

Example

Forney et al. provided an example of a rate-1/3 quantum convolutional code by importing a particular classical quaternary convolutional code (Forney and Guha 2005). Grassl and Roetteler determined a noncatastrophic encoding circuit for Forney et al.'s rate-1/3 quantum convolutional code (Grassl and Roetteler 2006). The basic stabilizer and its first shift are as follows:

The code consists of all three-qubit shifts of the above generators. The vertical bars are a visual aid to illustrate the three-qubit shifts of the basic generators. The code can correct for an arbitrary single-qubit error in every other frame.

Extensions

Wilde and Brun have integrated the theory of entanglement-assisted stabilizer codes and quantum convolutional codes in a series of articles (Wilde and Brun 2007a, 2007b, 2008, 2009) to form a theory of entanglement-assisted quantum convolutional coding. This theory supposes that a sender and receiver share noiseless bipartite entanglement that they can exploit for protecting a stream of quantum information.

(Wilde 2009), building on work of (Ollivier and Tillich 2004) and (Grassl and Roetteler 2006), also showed how to encode these codes with quantum shift register circuits, a natural extension of the theory of
classical shift register circuits.

References

 M. Grassl and M. Roetteler, "Quantum convolutional codes: Encoders and structural properties," in Forty-Fourth Annual Allerton Conference, 2006. Available at http://www.csl.illinois.edu/allerton/archives/allerton06/PDFs/papers/0285.pdf

 R. Johannesson and K. S. Zigangirov, Fundamentals of Convolutional Coding. Wiley-IEEE Press, 1999.

Further reading

Publications

Quantum information science

Quantum convolutional code


Sir Thomas Hatton, 2nd Baronet (1637- 1682) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1674 to 1679.

Hatton was the son of Sir Thomas Hatton, 1st Baronet of Longstanton, Cambridgeshire and his wife Mary Allington, daughter of Sir Giles Alington, of Horseheath, Cambridgeshire, and his wife Lady Dorothy Cecil, daughter of Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter. He succeeded to the baronetcy on the death of his father on 23 September 1658. He was Sheriff of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire from 1662 to 1663.

Career
His loyalty to the Crown does not seem to have been much trusted. He was one of the first to welcome back Charles II, and even before the Restoration made a special visit to the Netherlands to assure the King of his support, but is said to have returned "empty-handed". Samuel Pepys notes the visit in the great Diary.

Little more is heard of Hatton until 1674, when he was elected Member of Parliament for Cambridgeshire in the Cavalier Parliament. He entered Parliament at a time of acute political conflict, when a formal Opposition was emerging, arguably for the first time. Hatton, with his dubious reputation for loyalty to the Crown, achieved little distinction as an MP: he was described as being "equally vile" in the eyes of the Court and the Opposition.

Hatton died in 1682 and was buried at Long Stanton on 19 April 1682.

Family

Hatton married before 1660, Bridget Goring, daughter of Sir William Goring, 1st Baronet of Burton and his wife Bridget Fraunceys, daughter of Sir Edward Fraunceys. They had two sons, Christopher and Thomas, each of whom briefly succeeded to the title. Both died young and the title reverted to their uncle, Sir Christopher Hatton, 5th Baronet.

They also had four daughters: Mary, Elizabeth, Rebecca and Dorothy.

Mary, the eldest, married John Pocklington of Huntingdonshire, Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland). Their descendants, the Pocklington-Domvile family,  settled in Ireland and were substantial landowners in County Dublin.

Dorothy married Tyrrell Dalton junior (1669-1732) of  Fulbourn, Cambridgeshire. He was the son of the elder Tyrrell Dalton (1640-1682), whose memorial tablet can still be seen in St. Vigor's Church, Fulbourn. The Latin inscription on the tablet mourns the premature death of "a learned and religious man, a gentle father, a benign husband, a just man and the best of friends".

References

1637 births
1682 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of England
English MPs 1661–1679
High Sheriffs of Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire

Sir Thomas Hatton, 2nd Baronet


Finland is a  village and an unincorporated community on the Unami Creek in southern Milford Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is split between the Green Lane Zip Code of 18054 and the Pennsburg zip code of 18073. The immediate area  was known in the 1920s as the "Poconos of Philadelphia" and as "The Fineland," and it is from this latter name that the US post office had put it on the map as Finland in 1886. Multiple summer camps have been located in this area and one of them is still in use. The Unami Creek flows southward to the Perkiomen Creek. The village was established by Finnish immigrants to New Sweden.

References

Finnish-American culture in Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania

Finland, Pennsylvania


Alberto Núñez Feijóo (; ; born 10 September 1961) is a Spanish People's Party politician who serves as Member of the Congress of Deputies and as president of the People's Party. He served as the President of the Autonomous Government of Galicia from 2009 to 2022. Feijóo was appointed government formateur following the 2023 election.

Formerly a civil servant, Feijóo was secretary general of Galicia's ministries of agriculture and health before moving to the same role at the national Ministry of Health, and for three years he was President of the State Society of Mail and Telegraphs. Having officially joined the People's Party of Galicia (PPdeG), he entered the Parliament of Galicia in 2005 and succeeded Manuel Fraga as party president the following January. In the 2009 Galician regional election, the PPdeG won a majority and Feijóo became regional president.

He won further terms in 2012, 2016 and 2020. In 2022, he was confirmed as Pablo Casado's successor as the president of the PP. He resigned his posts in the regional parliament and presidency, and was appointed to the Senate as one of the senators designated by the Galician parliament. He was described by the media as a moderate until his appointment as national party leader.

Early life and civil service
Feijóo was born at number 6 Avenida de Mesón in the village of Os Peares near A Peroxa in the Province of Ourense, on 10 September 1961. His father was Saturnino Núñez, a construction foreman, and his mother Sira Feijóo. After graduating in law from the University of Santiago de Compostela in 1984, Núñez Feijóo wanted to become a judge, but his father's unemployment meant that he had to find a job in the civil service to support the family.

In 1991, he was chosen to be secretary general of the regional Ministry of Agriculture under José Manuel Romay Beccaría. He followed him to the Ministry of Health, first in Galicia and later to the national ministry when Romay was appointed by prime minister José María Aznar. From 2000 to 2003, Feijóo was President of the State Society of Mail and Telegraphs, before returning to regional government as the Minister of Territorial Policy, Public Works and Housing of Galicia.

Political career

Galician politics
Having once voted for the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) under Felipe González, Feijóo did not join the People's Party until 2002. After his role in the national health service, the President of the Community of Madrid, Esperanza Aguirre, wanted him to lead the same ministry in her region.

In 2005, Manuel Fraga of the People's Party of Galicia was removed from office after 15 years as President of the Regional Government of Galicia (PPdeG), when the Socialists' Party of Galicia (PSdeG) and the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) formed a coalition to install Emilio Pérez Touriño in his place. At the congress to name Fraga's successor in January 2006, he prevented a divide by persuading leading candidates Feijóo and José Manuel Barreiro to run in tandem as candidates for the party's president and vice president respectively, thereby taking 96% of the vote.

In the 2009 Galician regional election, the PPdeG's share of seats rose from 37 to 38, thereby giving them an absolute majority of one. In April, he was invested as president by the 8th legislature. He won a second term in the 2012 Galician regional election, which he had called early. Despite receiving over 100,000 votes fewer than in 2009, his party gained three seats due to reduced turnout. In March 2013, members of the opposition called for his resignation after photographs from the mid-1990s were published of him with Marcial Dorado, who was later convicted as a drug dealer. Feijóo said that at the time, he had no knowledge of Dorado's criminal lifestyle.

Feijóo retained his majority in 2016 and 2020, the latter time increasing to 42 seats. He was tipped to run to succeed Mariano Rajoy as national PP leader in 2018 but turned it down, crying while declaring that being President of Galicia was his highest ambition. He resigned as president of the PPdeG effective from 1 April 2022 to take over the post in the national party.

President of the People's Party

In March 2022, the 20th National Congress of the People's Party was called to elect a new national party leader after the forced ousting of incumbent Pablo Casado, who had been losing support following a dispute with the President of the Community of Madrid, Isabel Díaz Ayuso. Feijóo put himself forward as a candidate, and was endorsed by regional PP leaders such as Ayuso, Jorge Azcón (Aragon), Alfonso Fernández Mañueco (Castile and León) and Juan Manuel Moreno (Andalusia). He ran unopposed as the only other prospective candidate, a 28-year-old local activist from Valencia, did not have enough verified signatures. He named the party's spokesperson in the Congress of Deputies, Cuca Gamarra, as the party's new Secretary General.

During Feijóo's candidacy, the PP formed a government with Vox in the Cortes of Castile and León. He endorsed the coalition, but said that he would not repeat it on the national level: "sometimes it's better to lose government than win it through populism". As party president, Feijóo halted his predecessor's plans to sell the party headquarters on Calle de Génova.

On 24 May 2022, Feijóo was elected by the Parliament of Galicia as senator for the region, for which he resigned his seat in the Parliament of Galicia. A year later, he led his party in regional and local elections. He attacked prime minister Pedro Sánchez of the PSOE for relying on parliamentary support from EH Bildu, a Basque nationalist party fielding 44 convicted ETA members as candidates, as well as for his government passing legislation on sexual consent that led to offenders having their sentences lowered or quashed.

The PP achieved absolute majorities in the city and Community of Madrid, and took regions including Aragon, the Valencian Community and the Balearic Islands from the PSOE, leading Sánchez to call an early national election. The conservative party secured 137 seats, winning the elections but failing to achieve a parliamentary majority of 176 seats; however, King of Spain Felipe VI asked Feijóo to try to form government. On August 23, Congress of Deputies' socialist speaker, Francina Armengol, announced that Feijóo's investiture debate would take place on September 27 and September 29. The debate's first vote failed, with 172 MPs voting in favor and 178 against; the second vote took place on September 29, and it confirmed Feijóo's failure to become prime minister.

Political positions

Feijóo has defined himself as a reformist of the centre-right and as a liberal. He is described by the media as a moderate. His allies have praised him for his stances, while opposing parties disputed these labels due to his approval of a PP-led government with Vox in Castile and León.

Under Feijóo in 2009, the PPdeG dropped its support for the Galician language, which had been supported by his predecessor and founder of the PP, Manuel Fraga. In 2019, it was reported that Galician was now mandatory for all teacher candidates in the region, though Feijóo had personally said that knowledge of it would be desired but not mandatory. This policy put him against a proposal by national PP leader Pablo Casado, in which no public job would require knowledge of a regional language. During the congress in which he was confirmed as PP president, he declared their language policy to be one of "cordial bilingualism".

In 2011, Feijóo suggested that hospital patients should pay for non-medical service such as food and showers during their stay, and the following year he suggested privatising all that is not at the "core" of healthcare. In 2013, he said that healthcare would not be privatised under his government.

Feijóo is a close friend and ally of Iñigo Urkullu, the President of the Basque Country from the Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ-PNV). The pair first found common ground in 2013 when they defended their shipyards before the European Union. While Casado opposed further devolution to the Basque Country, Feijóo has been more sympathetic.

Personal life
A 2009 profile of Feijóo by El País noted that his personal life and spending habits were more austere than those of the previous regional president, Touriño. Feijóo was in a relationship with the journalist Carmen Gámir from 2000 to 2012. Since 2013 he has been in a relationship with Zara Home director Eva Cárdenas, who gave birth to his only child, also named Alberto, in February 2017. Feijóo is known as an admirer of Galician cuisine and a supporter of the football club Deportivo de La Coruña.

Feijóo speaks Spanish and Galician while his English is considered poor. He was attacked for this by PSOE, who argued that it is essential for a prime minister to speak fluent English. He replied that there are always translators at international summits.

Feijóo is a Catholic.

Honours
 Order of Isabella the Catholic, Grand Cross, 28 October 2002
 Order of Prince Henry, Grand Cross, 9 June 2015
 Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd Class, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon, 3 November 2021

See also
Xunta de Galicia

References

External links

|-

|-

|-

|-

1961 births
Living people
Members of the 7th Parliament of Galicia
Members of the 8th Parliament of Galicia
Members of the 9th Parliament of Galicia
Members of the 10th Parliament of Galicia
Members of the 14th Senate of Spain
People from Ourense (comarca)
People's Party (Spain) politicians
Presidents of the Regional Government of Galicia
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 3rd class
University of Santiago de Compostela alumni
Members of the 15th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Spanish Roman Catholics
21st-century Spanish politicians
Leaders of the Opposition (Spain)

Alberto Núñez Feijóo


Exit 67 () is a 2010 French-Canadian (Quebec) film written and directed by Jephté Bastien.

The film was shot in French, English and Creole language and is set around Montreal's street gangs. In an interview with Montreal's La Presse columnist Rima Elkouri, director Jephté Bastien states that the death of his 16 years old nephew inspired him to make the film.

The film had its world premiere at the 2010 edition of Montreal's Fantasia Festival. It was named the winner of the Claude Jutra Award for the best feature film by a first-time film director, at the 31st Genie Awards.

Synopsis
The following description, was written by Simon Laperrière, a Director and Programmer at the festival, and translated by Rupert Bottenberg, a Montreal-based journalist, was featured in the festival's program catalogue:

"A life of crime seems inevitable for Jecko. A mixed-race Québécois with a Haitian background, he witnessed his mother's death at his father's hands when he was eight years old, an event that scarred him for life. Tossed from one foster family to another, Jecko finally finds the sense of belonging he's lacked when he starts hanging out with the young hoodlums of the St-Michel neighbourhood. They invite him to join their gang, promising him money and power, everything he's dreamed of but that he knows polite society will never offer him.

For a teenager with few hopes for the future, one highly susceptible to influence, it's not an offer to refuse. Even if it means bending to the will of a violent and domineering gang leader. Even if his initiation is to kill a stranger. Several years later, crime and violence have brought Jecko to the pinnacle of an underworld empire. In this world where riches and respect are earned with a gun, he feels perfectly at home.

A number of events have him reconsidering the path before him. With the option of pulling one final crime, his father due out of prison shortly and hopes of building his own family, it's time for Jecko to grab the steering wheel of his destiny. But leaving St-Michel won't be so easy.

Cast

See also
 List of hood films

References

External links

 Sortie 67 at Fantasia Festival.com

2010 films
Canadian action drama films
2010 action drama films
Films set in Montreal
Quebec films
Best First Feature Genie and Canadian Screen Award-winning films
Hood films
2010s gang films
2010 directorial debut films
French-language Canadian films
2010s American films
2010s Canadian films
Black Canadian films

Exit 67


The Falkirk Wheel is a rotating boat lift in Tamfourhill, Falkirk, in central Scotland.  It connects the Forth and Clyde Canal with the Union Canal.  It opened in 2002 as part of the Millennium Link project.  It  is the only rotating boat lift of its kind in the world, and one of two working boat lifts in the United Kingdom, the other being the Anderton Boat Lift.

The two canals used to be connected by a series of 11 locks but they were closed in 1933. The Union canal is 35-metre (115 ft) above the Forth and Clyde Canal.

Much of the money came from the Millennium Commission.  The wheel was built in Ripley, Derbyshire by Butterley Engineering and carried to Falkirk on 35 lorries.  There are also  a 160 m (520 ft) new canal tunnel of 8 m (26 ft) diameter, 2 aqueducts of 20 m (66 ft) and 120 m (390 ft), three sets of locks and a number of bridges.

References

Canals in Scotland
Falkirk

Falkirk Wheel


James P. Herman is an American neuroscientist.

He graduated from Hobart College with a bachelor's degree and completed his doctorate at the University of Rochester, followed by a fellowship at the University of Michigan's Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute. He joined the University of Kentucky faculty as an associate professor, where he served as James and Barbara Holsinger Chair of Anatomy and Neurobiology. In 2000, Herman moved to the University of Cincinnati. He was named Donald C. Harrison Endowed Chair in Medicine at UC in 2014, and a distinguished research professor in 2016. The University of Cincinnati elected to merge its Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics with the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology in July 2017, and Herman was named chair of the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, as well as Flor Van Maanen Professor of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in August 2018.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American neuroscientists
Hobart and William Smith Colleges alumni
University of Rochester alumni
University of Kentucky faculty
University of Cincinnati faculty
1950s births

James P. Herman


Hamzanama (Urdu: داستان امیر حمزه) A national epic is an epic poem or a literary work of epic scope which seeks or is believed to capture and express the essence or spirit of a particular nation; not necessarily a nation-state, but at least an ethnic or linguistic group with aspirations to independence or autonomy. The Pakistani author Maqbool Jahangir wrote Dastan-e-Amir Hamza for children in the Urdu language. His version contains 10 volumes and was published by Ferozsons (also Ferozsons Publishers). The Hamza romance spread gradually, usually in its briefer and less elaborate forms, into a number of the modern languages of Southern Asia. Pashto and Sindhi were particularly hospitable to the Hamza story, and at least in Pashto it continues to flourish today, with printed pamphlet versions being produced. It therefore considered as the "National Epic of Pakistan" respectively.

Epic poems
National symbols of Pakistan
Pakistani literature

Hamzanama


Spot is a fictional puppy created by Eric Hill, an English author and illustrator of children's picture books. The success of Hill's books about Spot led to other media productions, including television and home video titles, music albums, and CD-ROM titles.

History
First published in 1980, Where's Spot? was inspired while Hill was working in creative marketing; he noticed his three-year-old son was fascinated by the process of lifting up a paper, on a design he was creating. Captivated by this thought, Hill created a story about a puppy which incorporated the flap design. During the late 1970s, this was an extraordinarily innovative concept, and it took some time for any publisher to take any notice of the idea before Puffin books decided to publish his book.  Within weeks of the first book being released it topped the Bestseller list.

Hill said "When I first drew Spot I realised that when I came to draw the spot on his body and the tip of his tail I was copying the markings on an aircraft. I grew up drawing aircraft – that is how I learned to draw. "I am quite convinced now, as I look back, that the actual training of drawing cartoons – which is, of course, my style – led to my producing Spot. Cartoons must be very simple and have as few words as possible and so must the Spot books. I designed Spot out of my previous background as a designer and illustrator. It was quite unconscious but I can see now that I have created a ready-made trademark of its kind, with the essential spot on the body and a bit on the tail."

Over time, the book was translated into more than sixty languages. In Afrikaans versions of the book Spot is translated to "Otto", widely believed to be the surname of a South African friend of Hill's. This name has been attributed to Spot as many of the books were believed to be inspired by the life of aforementioned friend, J. Otto. In the Netherlands, Spot is known as Dribbel.

Characters

Main characters
 Spot: The protagonist of the series. A yellow puppy with a brown spot on each side of his body and a brown tip on his tail, Spot appears to be a mixed breed; since his mother is a beagle, a pointer, a Dalmatian, or a St. Bernard and his father is a Labrador or a golden retriever. Spot is full of curiosity, helpfulness, and a huge desire to learn.
 Sally: Spot's mother. She is also yellow and has a brown spot on her back that goes around the back of her body, as well as two brown spots on each side of her body and a brown tip on her tail. For this description, Sally appears to be a beagle, a pointer, a Dalmatian, or a St. Bernard. Much of the first story, Where's Spot?, involves her going around the house looking for Spot.
 Sam: Spot's father. He is also yellow, but without any spots on his body. For this description, Sam appears to be a Labrador or a golden retriever.
 Susie: Spot's little sister, she is yellow but has a brown spot on her back. Like her big brother Spot, Susie also appears to be a mixed breed; since her mother is a beagle, a pointer, a Dalmatian, or a St. Bernard and her father is a Labrador or a golden retriever.
 Helen: A blue hippo who is Spot's best friend. Her colour is dark blue and she has sags under her eyes in the first series of The Adventures of Spot. Starting with later episodes of series one, she is redesigned with a more youthful and less intimidating appearance, turning light blue and losing the sags under her eyes. Starting with series two, she becomes an ever lighter shade of blue.
 Steve: A brown monkey with a tan face, he is playful and full of surprises.
 Tom: A green crocodile who is Spot's third best friend. He started out dark green in colour and has white eye sacs in the first series. He also sports rather sharp-looking incisors and a red colouring inside his mouth on the first series of The Adventures of Spot. Starting with later episodes of the first series, similar to Helen, he is also redesigned with a more youthful and less intimidating appearance, losing the sharp incisors and white eye sacs. Starting with the second series, he also turns to a lighter shade of green. He loves going fishing. Tom loves the drum, considered to be his favourite instrument. His dad is the mayor of the town.

Supporting characters

Grandma: Spot's maternal grandmother and Sally's mother. She appears in the book Spot Visits His Grandparents and the video Spot and his Grandparents Go to the Carnival.
Grandpa: Spot's maternal grandfather and Sally's father. He appears in the book Spot Visits His Grandparents and the video Spot and his Grandparents Go to the Carnival.
Miss Bear: A brown bear, she is Spot's preschool teacher. She first appeared in Spot Goes to School.

Minor characters
 Billy: A brown bear who loves to eat. He appears in the first series of The Adventures of Spot. In the books, he appears in Spot's Birthday Party.
 Betsy: A brown bear. She only appears in Spot Goes to the Circus. She is one of the characters who takes Spot's ball. And when Spot asks for it, she says, "Sorry. This one is mine."
 Clare: A green turtle. She is one of Spot's classmates and appears in Spot Goes to School. She is the only other girl in Spot's nursery/preschool class besides Helen.
 Sybil: An orange cat who is the series' antagonist. She has a very rude personality, as seen in episodes Spot's Lost Bone and Spot's First Walk as well as the Spot's First Walk book based with the TV episode where she scares Spot. She appears only in the first series of The Adventures of Spot. In the U.S., her rude personality was toned down.
 Mr. Kangaroo: Spot's neighbour, a brown kangaroo that speaks in an Australian accent since kangaroos are a native animal of Australia. He appears only in the first series of The Adventures of Spot.
 Leo: An orange lion.
 Sidney: A yellowish-green snake.
 Steve's Mom: Steve's mom. Appears only in Spot Sleeps Over. She is voiced by Linda Gary.
 The Mayor: Tom's dad. He only appeared in Spot Goes to the Carnival.

Books
Since 1980 with the success of Where's Spot?, the late Eric Hill went on to create numerous other books, with most being translated to Welsh (as well as the TV series, commissioned by S4C), some have also been translated into Scottish Gaelic, and Where's Spot? has been translated into Cornish.

 Where's Spot? (1980)
 Spot's First Walk (1981)
 Spot's Birthday Party (1982)
 Spot Goes to School (1984)
 Spot Goes on Holiday (1985)
 Spot Goes to the Farm (1987)
 Spot's First Easter (1988)
 Spot's Goes to a Party (1992)
 Spot Visits his Grandparents (1996)

List of Spot sound books
In the 1990s a number of books were released with sound effect, produced by Publications International and published by Frederick Warne. The U.S. edition of the sound books were somewhat different from the U.K. editions of the book. The text in these editions is slightly altered, and in some cases, the title is changed as well. They are produced and published by Publications International.

Book design
The books are set in the typeface Century Schoolbook Infant, a very rare, single-story version of Century Schoolbook.

Television
With the success of the books the BBC commissioned an animated series, which first appeared on 9 April 1987; with Paul Nicholas providing the narration, and renarrated in 2000 by Jane Horrocks. The series aired on television channel across the world, including RTÉ in Ireland, with the series dubbed into an Irish language with the title Echtrai Bhrain. A DVD version was released in Japan in 2005 with Japanese, English and Instrumental sound tracks. The DVDs used the same name for Spot as the books in Japan, that being コロちゃん (Korochan)

The Adventures of Spot: series 1 (1987)
The first series of The Adventures of Spot, which was animated and produced by King Rollo Films, aired on the BBC between 9 April and 17 July 1987. It consisted of 13 episodes, each 5 minutes long. The episodes were narrated by Paul Nicholas (original version) and the music was composed by Duncan Lamont (original version).

Episodes in this series:

 "Spot's Surprise Parcel" (9 April 1987)
 "Spot's Lost Bone" (16 April 1987)
 "Spot's First Walk" (23 April 1987)
 "Spot in the Woods" (30 April 1987)
 "Spot's Birthday Party" (7 May 1987)
 "Where's Spot?" (14 May 1987)
 "Sweet Dreams, Spot" (20 May 1987)

 "Spot Goes to School" (28 May 1987)
 "Spot Goes to the Circus" (4 June 1987)
 "Spot Follows His Nose" (11 June 1987)
 "Spot Goes Splash" (18 June 1987)
 "Spot's Windy Day" (16 July 1987)
 "Spot Goes to the Beach" (17 July 1987)

The Adventures of Spot: series 2 (1993)
The second series of The Adventures of Spot aired between 6 September and 20 December 1993, and, like the first series, consisted of 13 5-minute episodes. Once again, the episodes were produced by King Rollo Films. Paul Nicholas (original version) returned as the voices and Duncan Lamont (original version) returned as composer of the music.

Episodes in this series:

 "Spot Goes to the Farm" (6 September 1993)
 "Spot Sleeps Over" (9 September 1993)
 "Spot Makes a Cake" (13 September 1993)
 "Spot Goes to the Park" (16 September 1993)
 "Spot Finds a Key" (20 September 1993)
 "Spot in the Garden" (23 September 1993)
 "Spot Goes to a Party" (27 September 1993)

 "Spot's Winter Sports" (15 November 1993)
 "Spot Goes to the Fair" (22 November 1993)
 "Spot's Favorite Toy" (29 November 1993)
 "Spot's First Picnic" (6 December 1993)
 "Spot at the Playground" (13 December 1993)
 "Storytime with Spot" (20 December 1993)

Spot's Musical Adventures (2000)
Spot's Musical Adventures, very similar to The Adventures of Spot, aired between 25 October and 10 November 2000. Like The Adventures of Spot, this series consisted of thirteen episodes, but this time, with a short song in them. The format of the series reverted to the narration format used prior to the specials. For these episodes, however, comedian Jane Horrocks was given the role of the narration and voices, instead of Paul Nicholas. The episodes and the songs were all written by Andrew Brenner, and the songs were performed by American London-based actor Dan Russell. The music was also composed by Kick Production.

Episodes:

 "Spot's Show" (25 October 2000)
 "Spot's Treehouse" (26 October 2000)
 "Spot's Breakfast" (27 October 2000)
 "Spot's Horse" (released in the U.S. as "Spot's Hobby Horse") (30 October 2000)
 "Spot's Grandpa" (31 October 2000)
 "Spot's Umbrella" (1 November 2000)
 "Spot's Band" (2 November 2000)

 "Spot's Bath" (3 November 2000)
 "Spot's Tent" (6 November 2000)
 "Spot Tidies Up" (released in the U.S. as "Spot Cleans Up") (7 November 2000)
 "Spot Helps Grandma" (8 November 2000)
 "Spot's School Trip" (9 November 2000)
 "Hide and Seek" (released in the U.S. as "Spot Plays Hide and Seek") (10 November 2000)

Home Video release specials
A number of special produced VHS were created:

It's Fun to Learn with Spot – Phase 1 (1990)
The first phase of It's Fun to Learn With Spot, produced by Spitfire Television and Living Doll Productions and where released on VHS. It consisted of four episodes, each approximately fifteen minutes in length, and narrated by Peter Hawkins. The theme song used in The Adventures of Spot was licensed from King Rollo Films, so the familiar tune by Duncan Lamont was heard at the beginning and end of each episode. However, music on the show was kept to a minimum.
 "Spot's Alphabet"
 "Spot's Busy Year"
 "Spot Learns to Count"
 "Spot Tells the Time"

It's Fun to Learn with Spot – Phase 2 (1994)
The second phase of It's Fun to Learn With Spot and, like the first VHS, consisted of four fifteen-minute episodes. However the episodes were produced by King Rollo Films and retained the talents of Paul Nicholas and Duncan Lamont, in UK.

Episodes in this series:
 "Spot Looks at Opposites"
 "Spot's First Word Game"
 "Spot Looks at Colours"
 "Spot Looks at Shapes"

Note: The two phases of It's Fun to Learn with Spot are often listed as one series, even on Penguin Television's website. However, as noted, the two phases were produced four years apart by two different companies and are very different in design.

Spot's Magical Christmas was released in 1995 and Spot and his Grandparents Go to the Carnival in 1997. These two specials, which are both thirty minutes long, have some notable differences from the normal series. First off, they have no narration, and each character is voiced distinctly. The characters' mouths also move to speech, in comparison to the other episodes, in which the characters' mouths remain static and the entire episode is narrated as a story. There are also several songs in the specials, as there were in It's Fun to Learn With Spot.

Voices
Calum Neilsen – Spot (Spot's Magical Christmas)
Tom Fletcher – Spot (Spot and his Grandparents Go to the Carnival)
Josie Lawrence – Sally/Helen
Paul Nicholas – Sam (Spot's Magical Christmas)
Philip Pope – Tom
Steve Steen – Sam (Spot and his Grandparents Go to the Carnival)/Steve
Steve Frost – Reindeer #1
Lee Cornes – Reindeer #2
Andy Paresi – Santa Claus
Carol MacReady – Grandma
Rob Inglis – Grandpa

U.S. Cast
The original The Adventures of Spot series was distributed in the United States by Disney. Rather than have a singular narrator, the series featured unique character voices.
Corey Burton – Narrator/Sam/Tom/Steve/Spot's Grandpa/Various
Linda Gary – Sally/Miss Bear/Betsy/Helen/Claire/Tina/Sybil/Various
Jonathan Taylor Thomas, Ryan O'Donohue and Haley Joel Osment – Spot
Shaun Fleming – (Singing Voice) – Spot
Tress MacNeille – Helen/Sally/Female Reindeer/Spot's Grandma/Various
Jim Cummings – Male Reindeer/Santa Claus

Other media

Music albums
A number of companies have released a number of CDs featuring mainly nursery rhymes, under the name of "The Spot".

 Spot in the Park with the Flowerpot Gang Released in Australia by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation in the early 2000s, Spot in the Park with the Flowerpot Gang consists of 26 nursery rhymes. Apparently, it is no longer published.
 Spot's First Play Songs Published by Genius Entertainment and is also available in a box set titled Spot's Favorite Toddler Tunes (although in this edition, The Alphabet Song is excluded).
 Spot's Farmyard Friends It is also published by Genius Entertainment and is also available in the Spot's Favorite Toddler Tunes box set.
 Spot's Classics for Growing Minds Bidding on the success of the controversial Mozart Effect, Spot's Classics for Growing Minds contains twelve classical numbers from various classical composers. Also published by Genius Entertainment, this album has also made its appearance in the Spot's Favorite Toddler Tunes box set.

CD-ROMs
Two Spot CD-ROM titles were published by Europress and Hasbro Interactive. Both titles runs on both Microsoft Windows (Windows 95 or NT4 or newer) and Apple Macintosh (OS 8 up to Mac OS X Leopard) computers.

References

External links
 Fun with Spot official website

Book series introduced in 1980
BBC children's television shows
Animated television series about dogs
Characters in children's literature
1987 British television series debuts
2000 British television series endings
1980s British children's television series
1990s British children's television series
2000s British children's television series
1980s British animated television series
1990s British animated television series
2000s British animated television series
1980s preschool education television series
1990s preschool education television series
2000s preschool education television series
British preschool education television series
Disney Channel original programming
Treehouse TV original programming
Australian Broadcasting Corporation original programming
British television shows based on children's books
English-language television shows
Television shows about dogs
Children's books about dogs
Fictional dogs

Spot (franchise)