Melissa Duck is an animated cartoon character in Warner Bros.' Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoon series. She is the main character Daffy Duck's blonde girlfriend. Only in one cartoon is she called Melissa.

The 1945 cartoon Nasty Quacks was when Melissa was first introduced. She also plays Baby Melissa in Baby Looney Tunes.

In Nasty Quacks, Daffy's owner, a girl, also becomes the owner of a small, yellow duckling. A jealous Daffy feeds the duckling growth pills. To his surprise, she ages into a white and female duck with blonde hair. By the end of the cartoon, the two have fallen in love. Melissa gives birth to ten black, white and yellow ducklings of her own.

Melissa first appeared in adult form in a 1950 short, The Scarlet Pumpernickel. In the cartoon, she is the love interest of Daffy Duck and a damsel-in-distress. The plot follows Daffy saving Melissa from having to marry the evil Grand Duke, Sylvester the Cat.

Later in Muscle Tuscle (1953), the girlfriend of Daffy Duck appears with him on the beach. The girlfriend's design is a lot more stylized than Melissa's appearance in The Scarlet Pumpernickel. However, the comtemporary comics adaptation Muscle Tuscle also carried Melissa to this new design.

Another blonde female duck was shown in the 1987 cartoon movie The Duxorcist. This was after the original Looney Tunes
ended in 1969.

Melissa Duck was the possible inspiration for Shirley the Loon ("McLoon is her family name). Shirley was on Tiny Toon Adventures''.

Looney Tunes characters
Anthromophic characters
Fictional ducks
Fictional characters introduced in the 1940s

Melissa Duck


The Tale of the Queen Who Sought a Drink From a Certain Well (Scottish Gaelic: Sgeulachd Ban-Righ a dh' Iarr Deoch a Tobar Araid) is a Scottish fairy tale collected by John Francis Campbell in Popular Tales of the West Highlands, listing his informant as Mrs. MacTavish, Port Ellen, Islay, and noting the story could be traced back to 1548.

It is Aarne-Thompson 440, the frog prince. The creature involved was called a losgann, which could be either a frog or a toad.

Synopsis

An ill queen sent each of her daughters to a well for healing water. They each met a losgann who asked her to marry him, for a drink. The first two refused him as an ugly creature and were unable to get water. The youngest agreed to marry him for the water. She took the water home and healed her mother.

The losgann came to the door and told her to remember her pledge. First she put him behind the door, then under a bucket, then in a little bed by the fireplace, then a bed beside her own bed, but nothing stopped him. Finally, he told her to take down a rusty sword behind the bed and cut off his head. She did, and he became a handsome young prince, who married her.

Analysis
The tale is classified in the international Aarne-Thompson-Uther Index as tale type ATU 440, "The Frog Prince".

See also
The Frog Prince
The Well of the World's End

References

External links
The Tale of the Queen Who Sought a Drink From a Certain Well
"The Queen Who Sought a Drink from a Certain Well", with other tales of this type.

Queen Who Sought a Drink From a Certain Well
Fictional queens
Fiction about shapeshifting
1548 in Scotland
Scotland in fiction
ATU 400-459
John Francis Campbell


Mark L. Knapp is the Jesse H. Jones Centennial Professor Emeritus and a Distinguished Teaching Professor Emeritus at the University of Texas at Austin. He is internationally known for his research and writing on nonverbal communication and communication in developing relationships. He has also done research and published books on lying and deception. The Mark L. Knapp Award for career contributions to the study of interpersonal communication is awarded annually by the National Communication Association. The Mark L. Knapp Professorship, Moody College of Communication, University of Texas at Austin, was established in 2017.

Knapp served in the United States Army in Germany from 1957 to 1959, received his bachelor's (1962) and master's (1963) degrees from the University of Kansas and his PhD (1966) from Pennsylvania State University. He was employed at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee (1965–1970); Purdue University (1970–1980); the State University of New York at New Paltz (1980–1983); the University of Vermont (1983); and the University of Texas at Austin (1983–2008). He received an Outstanding Alumni Award from the Department of Communication Arts and Sciences, Pennsylvania State University in 2018.

He served as the editor of Human Communication Research (1980–1983); was an Eastern Communication Association Scholar (1982-1983); was a Fellow in the International Communication Association (1980); and was recognized as Distinguished Scholar in the National Communication Association (1993).

Knapp received teaching awards from the Central States Speech Association (1969), the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (1969), Purdue University (1974), SUNY-New Paltz (1983), the University of Texas at Austin (1987, 1993, 1999, 2002) and the National Communication Association (2004).

He was the President of the International Communication Association (1975–1976); the National Communication Association (1989–1990); the Association for Communication Administrators (1996–1997); and the University of Texas at Austin chapter of the honor society of Phi Kappa Phi (2001–2003). He was the Chair of the Department of Speech Communication (1989–1996) and the Department of Communication Studies (2000–2001) at the University of Texas at Austin.

Knapp examined a wide variety of topics in his published research, including: conversational narcissism, behaviors enacted in greetings, goodbyes, and conversational turn-taking, memorable messages, regrettable messages, messages people attach to their email signatures, compliments, play behavior, the construct of intent, anti-drug abuse commercials, communication in developing relationships, nonverbal and deceptive behavior in close relationships, communicating commitment in close relationships, couples' personal idioms, the effects of interaction on appearance, nonverbal communication and aging, communicating with the terminally ill, staff-resident communication in nursing homes, and the measurement of conflict in organizations.

He has lectured to, trained, and/or acted as consultant to over 60 different business organizations, voluntary groups, government agencies, and educational institutions—including IBM, U.S. Peace Corps, Pfizer, and the Texas Attorney General's Office.

References

Further reading
       McCroskey, J.C., Larson, C. E., & Knapp, M. L. (1971). An introduction to interpersonal communication. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
	Knapp, M. L. (1972; 1978). Nonverbal communication in human interaction. NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston. Editions with Hall, J. A. in 1992, 1997, 2002, 2006, & 2010. Edition with Hall, J. A. and Horgan T. G. 2014. Translated into Portuguese, Chinese, Russian, Polish, Japanese, and Spanish.
	Knapp, M. L. (1978). Social intercourse: From greeting to goodbye. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
	Knapp, M. L. (1980). Essentials of nonverbal communication. NY: Holt, Rinehart, & Winston. Translated into Spanish.
	Knapp, M. L. (1984). Interpersonal communication and human relationships. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Editions with Vangelisti, A. L. in 1992, 1996, 2000, 2005, 2009.
	Knapp, M. L. & Miller, G. R. (Eds.) (1985; 1994). Handbook of interpersonal communication. Beverly Hills: Sage. Editions with Daly, J. A. replacing Miller in 2002, 2011. Translated into Chinese.
	Knapp, M. L. (2008). Lying and deception in human interaction. Boston: Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
	McGlone, M. S. & Knapp, M. L. (Eds.) (2009). The interplay of truth and deception: New agendas in theory and research. NY: Routledge.
	Knapp, M. L. & Daly, J. A. (2010). Sage benchmarks in communication: Interpersonal communication. 4 vols. London: Sage.
       Hall, J.A. & Knapp, M.L. (Eds.) (2013). Handbooks of communication science: Vol. 2: Nonverbal communication. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter Mouton.

External links
 The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Communication Studies, Mark L. Knapp faculty profile

Communication theorists
Communication scholars
University of Texas faculty
Pennsylvania State University alumni
Living people
1938 births

Mark L. Knapp


Herb Kirk (October 2, 1895 – October 3, 2001 in Bozeman, Montana) was an American centenarian.  Many of his accomplishments came well after his retirement.

Biography
In 1993, he was the oldest graduate of Montana State University, at age 96, with a degree in Art.

He was an avid tennis player.  The Herb Kirk Junior Open, held at Montana State University is named in his honor.  When his eyesight failed in his 80s he took up running.  Since that time, he amassed Masters Athletics World Records in the M95 800 metres and Mile run.  He formerly also held the record for 5000 metres.  At one point in time, Kirk held every American record between 200 metres and 5000 metres.  From age 85 on, he was the first competitor in each of those age divisions of Masters athletics.

In June 1999, he ran and completed the Governor's Cup 5K road race, along with four other generations of the Kirk family, which is believed to be a unique occurrence.  At age 104 and 6 months, this is believed to be the oldest athlete to compete in an organized running event and second only to thrower John Whittemore in any athletic event.

Kirk grew up in Pennsylvania and originally attended Lehigh University.  That education was interrupted by World War I.  He joined the Navy Flying Corps.  At age 104, he was given the rank of Chevalier in the French Legion of Honour (Légion d'Honneur) for his service in the protection of France during the war.

After a successful business career he retired to his wife's home town of Bozeman, where he was active in teaching pottery to nearby Native Americans.

Upon graduating, he was asked to speak.  He reportedly ran up to the stage, and concluded his remarks by looking at the reunion group of the class of 1943 (who would have been about a quarter century his junior) and told them "I am really looking forward to my 50th reunion."

When interviewed by Diane Sawyer of Good Morning America in 1999, he said about his running "It keeps me in good shape, active, interesting.  I wouldn't do without some exercise.  I'd be downhill fast."

Kirk's obituary in Runners World read: ''Herb Kirk, 1895-2001: "On October 3, one day after celebrating his 106th birthday, Herb Kirk, reportedly the oldest man to compete in an organized running event, died of pneumonia. At the Portland Marathon fun run in September 1996, Kirk finished the 2-mile course in about 36 minutes. He set several age group records in his late 80s and early 90s. Herb, a Montana resident, holds world and American records ranging from 200m to the 5,000m on the track. He holds countless single-age records. Kirk was interviewed by ABC's Diane Sawyer and others for a 1999 profile."

References

1895 births
2001 deaths
American male long-distance runners
People from Bozeman, Montana
American centenarians
Montana State University alumni
World record holders in masters athletics
American masters athletes
Deaths from pneumonia in Montana
Men centenarians

Herb Kirk


Attention span is the amount of time spent concentrating on a task before becoming distracted. Distractibility occurs when attention is uncontrollably diverted to another activity or sensation. Attention training is said to be part of education, particularly in the way students are trained to remain focused on a topic of discussion for extended periods, developing listening and analytical skills in the process.

By age
Measuring humans estimated attention span depends on what the attention is being used for. The terms "transient attention" and "selective sustained attention" are used to separate short term and focused attention. Transient attention is a short-term response to a stimulus that temporarily attracts or distracts attention. Researchers disagree on the exact amount of the human transient attention span, whereas selective sustained attention, also known as focused attention, is the level of attention that produces consistent results on a task over time. Common estimates of the attention span of healthy teenagers and adults range 5 hours. This is possible because people can choose repeatedly to re-focus on the same thing. This ability to renew attention permits people to 'pay attention' to things that last for more than a few minutes, such as lengthy films.

Older children are capable of longer periods of attention than younger children.

For time-on-task measurements, the type of activity used in the test affects the results, as people are generally capable of a longer attention span when they are doing something that they find enjoyable or intrinsically motivating. Attention is also increased if the person is able to perform the task fluently, compared to a person who has difficulty performing the task, or to the same person when they are just learning the task. Fatigue, hunger, noise, and emotional stress reduce the time focused on the task.

A research study that consisted of 10,430 males and females ages 10 to 70 observed sustained attention time across a lifespan. The study required participants to use a cognitive testing website where data was gathered for seven months. The data collected from the study concluded that attention span is not one singular linear equation; at age 15 it is recorded that attention-span-related abilities diverge. Over the course of the study, collected evidence additionally found that, in humans, attention span is at its highest level when a person is in their early 40s, then gradually declines in old age.

Measurement
Many different tests on attention span have been used in different populations and in different times. Some tests measure short-term, focused attention abilities (which is typically below normal in people with ADHD), and others provide information about how easily distracted the test-taker is (typically a significant problem in people with ADHD). Tests like the DeGangi's Test of Attention in Infants (TAI) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV (WISC-IV) are commonly used to test for attention-related issues in young children when interviews and observations are inadequate. Older tests, like the Continuous Performance Test and the Porteus Maze Test, have been rejected by some experts. These tests are typically criticized as not actually measuring attention, being inappropriate for some populations, or not providing clinically useful information.

Variability in test scores can be produced by small changes in the testing environment. For example, test-takers will usually remain on task for longer periods of time if the examiner is visibly present in the room than if the examiner is absent.

Testing
In an early study of the influence of temperament on attention span, the mothers of 232 pairs of twins were interviewed periodically about the similarities and differences in behavior displayed by their twins during infancy and early childhood. The results showed that each of the behavioral variables (temper frequency, temper intensity, irritability, crying, and demanding attention) had a significant inverse relationship with attention span. In other words, the twin with longer attention span was better able to remain performing a particular activity without distraction, and was also the less temperamental twin.

One study of 2600 children found that early exposure to television (around age two) is associated with later attention problems such as inattention, impulsiveness, disorganization, and distractibility at age seven. This correlational study does not specify whether viewing television increases attention problems in children, or if children who are naturally prone to inattention are disproportionately attracted to the stimulation of television at young ages, or if there is some other factor, such as parenting skills, associated with this finding.

Another study examining the relations between children's attention span-persistence in preschool and later academic achievements found that children's age 4 attention span-persistence significantly predicted math and reading achievement at age 21 after controlling for achievement levels at age 7, adopted status, child vocabulary skills, gender, and maternal education level. For instance, children who enrolled in formal schooling without the ability to pay attention, remember instructions, and demonstrate self-control have more difficulty in elementary school and throughout high school.

See also
 Attention
 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
 Attention restoration theory
 Attention economy
 Flow
 Hyperfocus
 Mindfulness
 Subliminal stimuli

References

Attention

Attention span


Tommy Jaud (born 16 July 1970, in Schweinfurt) is a German author, scriptwriter, and freelance author for many television productions.

Life
After completing his Abitur, Jaud served his compulsory civil service in a kindergarten. He went on to study German Studies at the University of Bamberg. During his time as a student, Jaud presented a radio show for Antenne Thüringen and worked on a freelance basis for the Harald Schmidt Show, a German television programme. He later abandoned his studies and headed for Cologne where he worked on various television productions. He was creative producer of the comedy series Ladykracher and head writer for Sat.1's Die Wochenshow. He also wrote for the Liebesleben series.

Jaud's published works, in German Vollidiot, Resturlaub and Millionär, have been recorded as audio books by Christoph Maria Herbst, and Vollidiot has been made into a film with comedian Oliver Pocher playing the main role of Simon Peters. The film also features Ellenie Salvo González, Oliver Fleischer and Anke Engelke, and was directed by , whilst the script was written by Jaud himself. He already had experience of working with Engelke and Baumann after they teamed up to write Ladykracher a few years previously.

The author describes his works as "readable television". He came up with this idea as, prior to being an author, he had worked on television scripts.

The German magazine Der Spiegel has championed Jaud's books as the rebirth of a stagnant genre, namely that of the German men's novel.

References

External links
 His official website

1970 births
Living people
21st-century German novelists
German television writers
Male television writers
People from Schweinfurt
German male screenwriters
German male novelists
21st-century German male writers
21st-century German screenwriters

Tommy Jaud


Bryan Alan Beaumont  (29 December 1938 – 12 June 2005) was a Judge of the Federal Court of Australia from May 1983 until February 2005. He also held positions in the legal systems of Pacific countries including Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Fiji and Vanuatu.

Early life and education
Beaumont was born on 29 December 1938 in Brisbane. When he was two, the family moved to Sydney, where he attended Erskineville Opportunity School, excelling as a leg spin bowler, and from 1951 to 1955 Sydney Boys' High School, where he received prizes in Latin, history and sport.  Beaumont obtained a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree with honours at the University of Sydney in 1961, after studying for five years part-time while working as an articled clerk. As an LLB student, he gained the nickname 'the Chief', because of his apparent ability to predict questions that would appear on examination papers. He was awarded two major prizes: the Pitt Cobbett Prize for Constitutional Law and the Sir John Peden Memorial Prize for Constitutional and Private Law.

Legal career
Beaumont was admitted to the New South Wales Bar in 1965, after serving as Associate to Supreme Court Judge Robert Macfarlan. He demonstrated a particular proficiency in constitutional law, appearing regularly before the High Court and the Privy Council,  and in 1973 began working as a consultant to the government of Papua New Guinea, advising on judicial and constitutional matters relating to the country's imminent independence from Australia. In 1978, his legal skills were recognised with an appointment as Queen's Counsel. In 1981, Beaumont was chosen to chair the Royal Commission into the Tasmanian Constitution, which resulted in an improvement in the structure of the Tasmanian Houses of Parliament.

Beaumont was appointed a Justice of the Federal Court of Australia in 1983. Notable judgements during his period at the Federal Court include those in Apple Computer Inc v Computer Edge Pty Ltd (1984), pertaining to copyright law; Trade Practices Commission v Arnotts Ltd (1990), relating to competition law; and Western Australia v Ward (2002), which was an important case about Aboriginal title law. He retired from the Federal Court on 10 February 2005, making him at the time the longest serving Justice of any federal court in Australia.

At the same time as being appointed a Federal Court Justice, Beaumont began serving as a Judge of the Australian Capital Territory and a Presidential Member of the Administrative Appeals Tribunal. From 1989 to 2004, he was also a Judge of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island, and Chief Justice of this court from 1993. Other courts on which Beaumont served while on the Federal Court include the Tonga Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court of Fiji and the Supreme Court of Vanuatu.

Outside of the courtroom, Beaumont was involved in a number of committees and councils, including chairing the Council of the Australian Institute of Judicial Administration from 1990 to 1992.  He was also the Patron of the University of Sydney Women's College Foundation.

Awards and honours
His international standing was recognised by election as a distinguished foreign member of the American Law Institute and as a visiting fellow on two occasions at Wolfson College, Cambridge.  Beaumont was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia on 26 January 2005, for services to the judiciary. In April of that year, he received a Doctor of Laws (LLD) honorary degree from the University of Sydney.

References

Judges of the Federal Court of Australia
People educated at Sydney Boys High School
University of Sydney alumni
1938 births
2005 deaths
Australian judges on the courts of Tonga
Australian judges on the courts of Fiji
Australian judges on the courts of Papua New Guinea
Australian judges on the courts of Vanuatu
Supreme Court of Fiji justices
Court of Appeal of Tonga justices
Judges of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory
20th-century Australian judges
21st-century Australian judges
Judges of the Supreme Court of Norfolk Island
Officers of the Order of Australia
Australian King's Counsel

Bryan Beaumont


Sir James Fortescue Flannery, 1st Baronet (16 December 1851 – 5 October 1943) was an English engineer and naval architect, and Liberal Unionist (later Conservative Party) politician.

Flannery was born in Liverpool, the son of Capt. John Flannery of Seacombe. Educated at the Liverpool College of Science and Victoria University, he worked in Birkenhead and was subsequently engaged by Sir Edward J Reid KCS later Chief Constructor of H.M Navy. He was head of Flannery, Baggally & Johnson Marine Engineering, which eventually opened offices in London, Liverpool and Rotterdam. and a Director of London and South Western Bank.  Between 1900 and 1906 he was President of the Railway Clerks' Association. He was President of the Institute of Marine Engineers 1914, and later President of the Society of Consulting Engineers 1931.

He was appointed J.P for Surrey 1892,  for Kent in 1895,  knighted  in 1899,  and appointed JP for Essex in 1904.

He was elected at the 1895 general election as Member of Parliament for Shipley in West Yorkshire, holding the seat until the 1906 general election. He returned to Parliament at the January 1910 election as Conservative Party MP for Maldon in Essex.

In the latter constituency he fought the 1918 election as a Coalition Conservative candidate, winning with a majority of 1823, but passing the baton over to Edward Ruggles-Brise for the 1922 election.

Created a baronet in 1904, of Wethersfield Manor, Essex, he was also Lord of the Manor of Wethersfield. In 1882 he married Edith Mary Emma, daughter of Osborn Jenkyn of Ealing who predeceased him by eight years.
Flannery died in October 1943 aged 91 leaving an estate valued at over £400,000, £150,000 being paid in tax. His son Sir Harold (born 1883) was given a life interest in the estate and provision was made through a trust fund for daughters Kathleen Edith (Hartridge) and Enid Fortescue (Lindsay). The family sold the Wethersfield property in 1957.
The terms of Flannery's will display a remarkable concern about premature burial with clear instructions as to how his body should be treated prior to interment.

References

Sources
 Essex in the 20th Century, WT Pike & Co.: London (1909).

External links

1851 births
1943 deaths
British naval architects
Engineers from Merseyside
English justices of the peace
Liberal Unionist Party MPs for English constituencies
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
Knights Bachelor
UK MPs 1895–1900
UK MPs 1900–1906
UK MPs 1910
UK MPs 1910–1918
UK MPs 1918–1922
Members of Parliament for Maldon
Presidents of the Transport Salaried Staffs' Association

James Fortescue Flannery


In American football, a guard (G), otherwise known as an offensive guard (OG), is a player who lines up between the center and the tackles on the offensive line of a football team on the line of scrimmage used primarily for blocking.  Right guards (RG) is the term for the guards on the right of the offensive line, while left guards (LG) are on the left side. Guards are to the right or left of the center.

The guard's job is to protect the quarterback from the incoming linemen during pass plays, as well as creating openings (holes) for the running backs to head through. Guards are automatically considered ineligible receivers, so they cannot intentionally touch a forward pass, unless it is to recover a fumble or is first touched by a defender or eligible receiver.

Pulling guards
Aside from speed blocking, a guard may also "pull", which is when the guard backs out of his initial position and runs behind the other offensive linemen to sprint out in front of a running back to engage a defensive player beyond the initial width of the offensive line. This technique is used in most playbooks for outside runs, where the play-side guard pulls as a lead blocker, and on counter plays, where the far-side guard pulls to block a play-side lineman. Vanderbilt's Dan McGugin is credited with first pulling guards.

While tackles can also pull, this strategy is generally less common as they are too far away to pull to the opposite side of the formation for counter plays and have the responsibility of blocking the outside defender (generally the defensive end) for outside runs. Since the guard is free of responsibility for play-side outside runs and far-side counter plays, pulling is generally a unique responsibility for guards.

The Packers sweep was a signature play of the Green Bay Packers in the 1960s, and they won five NFL titles and the first two Super Bowls under head coach Vince Lombardi utilizing the play. The pulling guards for the Green Bay Packers were Fuzzy Thurston at left guard and Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee Jerry Kramer at right guard.

References

American football positions

Guard (gridiron football)


KFTA-TV (channel 24) is a television station licensed to Fort Smith, Arkansas, United States, serving as the Fox affiliate for the Arkansas River Valley and Northwest Arkansas. It is owned by Nexstar Media Group alongside Rogers-licensed NBC affiliate KNWA-TV (channel 51) and Eureka Springs–licensed MyNetworkTV affiliate KXNW (channel 34). The stations share studios at the Underwood Building on Dickson Street in downtown Fayetteville, with a satellite studio in Rogers. KFTA-TV's transmitter is located in unincorporated northeastern Crawford County (south of Artist Point).

KNWA-TV broadcasts KFTA-TV's Fox programming from its transmitter southeast of Garfield, Arkansas, as one of its subchannels and vice versa.

History

As an NBC affiliate
The station debuted on November 12, 1978, as KLMN, the area's third television station. It took the CBS affiliation from KFPW-TV and its Fayetteville satellite KTVP (channel 40 and 29, now KHBS/KHOG). Among its original investors were Walmart heirs Jim and Rob Walton. In 1980, it swapped affiliations with KFSM-TV (channel 5) and became the area's NBC affiliate, due to CBS searching for stronger affiliates in the Fort Smith market. Two years later, on September 22, 1982, the station changed its calls to KPOM-TV ("People on the Move").

Channel 24 struggled during its early years. Besides being the area's newest station, it was hampered by the fact it was a UHF station in a market that is very mountainous. Despite its 2.5 million watt effective radiated power, it only provided a Grade B signal to Fayetteville and could not be seen at all in Rogers and points north. For most of this station's first ten years on the air, viewers in the northern part of the area had to rely on cable to watch the station. Much of the far northern part of the market got a better signal from KSNF in Joplin, Missouri (which, incidentally, switched from CBS to NBC in 1982).

In 1986, the station was sold to Oklahoma City-based Griffin Communications, owners of longtime CBS affiliate KWTV in Oklahoma City, who immediately set about solving the reception problem. It signed-on full-time satellite KFAA-TV in 1989 to provide a better signal in Fayetteville and the northern part of the market. In 2004, Griffin Television sold KPOM/KFAA to Nexstar, the stations changed their calls to KFTA-TV and KNWA-TV respectively on August 13, 2004, and the latter became the main station. The two stations' operations were merged in a new studio in the historic Campbell-Bell Building in downtown Fayetteville, with KFTA's original studio remaining as the stations' Arkansas River Valley bureau.

As a Fox affiliate
On April 19, 2006, Nexstar Broadcasting Group announced it would sell KFTA-TV to Brecksville, Ohio-based Mission Broadcasting – a group which maintained joint sales and shared services agreements with Nexstar-operated outlets (as well as those maintained by Quorum Broadcasting prior to Nexstar's 2003 purchase of that group) to operate many of Mission's stations in markets that did not have enough television stations to allow a legal duopoly between two commercial broadcast outlets – for $5.6 million. Under the terms of the agreement, KFTA would continue to be operated by Nexstar under a local marketing agreement with KNWA. Mission would also relaunch KFTA as a separate station that would take over the market's Fox affiliation; NBC programming would be moved concurrently to a digital subchannel in the form of a KNWA simulcast, in order to continue relaying the network's programming over-the-air throughout the entire market.

Equity Broadcasting, then-owner of Poteau, Oklahoma-licensed Class A station KPBI-CA (channel 46, now defunct), challenged the sale of KFTA with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), on grounds that the Fox affiliation switch would violate an existing contract that Equity had with the network. Despite the challenge continuing onward at the time, KFTA became a Fox affiliate on August 28. (KPBI subsequently become a charter affiliate of MyNetworkTV when the Fox-owned network launched on September 5.) However, with some exceptions, KFTA continued to simulcast the KNWA schedule daily from 7:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. and from 10:30 p.m. to 5:00 a.m. until January 2008, when the two stations began maintaining separate programming schedules full-time. , Nexstar remains the official owner of KFTA, according to FCC records, due to Nexstar's supplemental application of a clarification of waiver (which the FCC has not yet acted on).

In October 2012, KNWA/KFTA relocated its operations into its current facility at the Underwood Building on West Dickson Street, occupying approximately  of studio space on the third floor of the building.

On December 3, 2018, Nexstar announced it would acquire Chicago-based Tribune Media—which has owned CBS affiliate KFSM-TV and MyNetworkTV affiliate KXNW (channel 34) since December 2013—in an all-cash deal valued at $6.4 billion, including the assumption of Tribune-held outstanding debt. Because KNWA and KFSM both rank among the four highest-rated stations in the Fort Smith–Fayetteville market in total day viewership, and broadcasters are not currently allowed to legally own more than two full-power television stations in a single market, Nexstar may be required to sell either KNWA/KFTA or KFSM/KXNW to another broadcasting company in order to comply with FCC ownership rules and alleviate potential antitrust issues preceding approval of the acquisition. On March 20, 2019, it was announced that Nexstar would keep the KNWA/KFTA duopoly (through an existing satellite station waiver that predated KFTA's conversion into a separately programmed Fox affiliate in 2006) and sell KFSM to McLean, Virginia-based Tegna Inc., as part of the company's sale of nineteen Nexstar- and Tribune-operated stations to Tegna and the E. W. Scripps Company in separate deals worth $1.32 billion. KXNW was not named in the sale, which would effectively result in the formation of a de facto triopoly between KFTA and KNWA. The deal—which would make Nexstar the largest television station operator by total number of stations upon its expected closure late in the third quarter of 2019, pending regulatory approval by the FCC and the U.S. Department of Justice's Antitrust Division—would make the KNWA/KFTA duopoly sister stations to Tribune's Oklahoma City duopoly of NBC affiliate KFOR-TV and independent station KAUT-TV (which, in turn, would result in Nexstar owning stations in every market serving portions of the state of Oklahoma, except for the Tulsa and Ada–Sherman markets). The sale was approved by the FCC on September 16 and was completed on September 19, 2019.

Newscasts

, KNWA-TV produces 13½ hours of locally produced newscasts each week for KFTA-TV (with 3½ hours each weekday and one hour each on Saturdays and Sundays). As the duopoly partner of KNWA, the station may also simulcast long-form severe weather coverage from the NBC affiliate in the event that a tornado warning is issued for any county in its viewing area within northwest Arkansas and east-central Oklahoma.

News programming history
Channel 24 aired local news from its first day on the air in 1978. However, this newscast was never able to gain much traction in the market, even with NBC's prime time lineup as a lead-in. The newscast was canceled in 1992, and for the next seven years KPOM/KFAA was one of the few Big Three affiliates with no newscasts at all.

KPOM and KFAA relaunched a local newscast in 1999, under the brand Arkansas' NBC News; Griffin hired top local talent to anchor the newscasts including Don Elkins, Donna Bragg, Steve Gibbs, Mike Nail, and Rhonda Justice, the latter four of whom formerly worked at rival ABC-affiliated station KHBS/KHOG.

KFTA dramatically scaled back its newscasts upon switching to Fox on August 28, 2006; on that date, KNWA began producing a half-hour prime time newscast at 9:00 p.m. for KFTA, marking the first attempt at a prime time newscast in the Fort Smith–Fayetteville market. Titled Fox 24 News at 9:00, the program initially originated from a secondary news set at KNWA/KFTA's facility in downtown Fayetteville. Originally co-anchored by Dana Sargent (who was reassigned from her role as anchor of KNWA's weekday morning newscast KNWA Today). Competition for the newscast would eventually come in 2012, when CBS affiliate KFSM-TV began producing a half-hour newscast in that timeslot for its MyNetworkTV-affiliated sister KXNW (channel 34) on March 12; KHBS/KHOG subsequently debuted a half-hour prime time newscast at 9:00 p.m. for its CW-affiliated DT2 subchannel on August 20, 2012.

On February 19, 2008, the newscast – which was concurrently retitled the Fox 24 News Edge – was restructured into a more contemporary newscast designed to appeal to younger viewers in the mold of the so-called "Fox attitude". The revamped newscast included a commercial-free block leading off the broadcast, featuring the day's top headlines, a full weather forecast and a sports headline segment during the program's "A" block, along with entertainment, health and lifestyle news segments.

Additional news expansion on KFTA took place in September 2009, when KNWA began producing an hour-long weekday morning newscast at 7:00 a.m. extension for the station, under the title Fox 24 News at 7:00. The newscast would later gain additional morning news competitors in the 7:00 timeslot during the mid-2010s: KFSM launched an extension of its weekday newscast for KXNW in September 2013, which was followed by the launch of a newscast produced by KHBS/KHOG for its DT2 subchannel on September 6, 2016.

On October 24, 2012, coinciding with the move into its new facilities inside the Underwood Building, KNWA began broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition, becoming the market's third and last Big Three network affiliate (after KFSM and KHBS/KHOG) to upgrade its newscasts to the format; KFTA's morning and prime time shows were included in the upgrade. In January 2013, KNWA began production a half-hour newscast at 5:30 p.m. each weeknight for KFTA.

Technical information

Subchannels
KFTA-TV and KNWA-TV broadcast two shared channels (Fox on 24.1 and 51.2 and NBC on 24.2 and 51.1) and two unique diginets each. Also broadcast on the KFTA-TV multiplex is a simulcast of KXNW, whose own signal does not reach the Fort Smith area.

Analog-to-digital conversion
KFTA-TV discontinued regular programming on its analog signal (over UHF channel 24) in November 2008, due to the failure of its analog transmitter. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 27, using PSIP to display the station's virtual channel as its former UHF analog channel 24.

References

External links
  - KNWA/KFTA/KXNW official website

Fox network affiliates
Ion Mystery affiliates
Bounce TV affiliates
FTA-TV
Television channels and stations established in 1978
1978 establishments in Arkansas
Nexstar Media Group

KFTA-TV


A foreshock is an earthquake that occurs before a larger seismic eventthe mainshockand is related to it in both time and space. The designation of an earthquake as foreshock, mainshock or aftershock is only possible after the full sequence of events has happened.

Occurrence
Foreshock activity has been detected for about 40% of all moderate to large earthquakes, and about 70% for events of M>7.0. They occur from a matter of minutes to days or even longer before the main shock; for example, the 2002 Sumatra earthquake is regarded as a foreshock of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake with a delay of more than two years between the two events.

Some great earthquakes (M>8.0) show no foreshock activity at all, such as the M8.6 1950 India–China earthquake.

The increase in foreshock activity is difficult to quantify for individual earthquakes but becomes apparent when combining the results of many different events. From such combined observations, the increase before the mainshock is observed to be of inverse power law type. This may either indicate that foreshocks cause stress changes resulting in the mainshock or that the increase is related to a general increase in stress in the region.

Mechanics
The observation of foreshocks associated with many earthquakes suggests that they are part of a preparation process prior to nucleation. In one model of earthquake rupture, the process forms as a cascade, starting with a very small event that triggers a larger one, continuing until the main shock rupture is triggered. However, analysis of some foreshocks has shown that they tend to relieve stress around the fault. In this view, foreshocks and aftershocks are part of the same process. This is supported by an observed relationship between the rate of foreshocks and the rate of aftershocks for an event. In practice, there are two main conflicting theories about foreshocks: earthquake triggering process (described in SOC models and ETAS-like models) and the loading process by aseismic slip (nucleation models). This debate about the prognostic value of foreshocks is well known as Foreshock Hypothesis.

Earthquake prediction
An increase in seismic activity in an area has been used as a method of predicting earthquakes, most notably in the case of the 1975 Haicheng earthquake in China, where an evacuation was triggered by an increase in activity. However, most earthquakes lack obvious foreshock patterns and this method has not proven useful, as most small earthquakes are not foreshocks, leading to probable false alarms. Earthquakes along oceanic transform faults do show repeatable foreshock behaviour, allowing the prediction of both the location and timing of such earthquakes.

Examples of earthquakes with foreshock events
 The strongest recorded mainshock that followed a foreshock is the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, which had a magnitude of 9.5 MW.

 Note: dates are in local time

References

Seismology
Types of earthquake

Foreshock


Elijah Nicholas Wilson (April 8, 1842 - December 26, 1915) was known as "Yagaiki" when among the Shoshones, and in his later years as "Uncle Nick" when entertaining young children with his adventurous exploits. He was a Mormon American pioneer, childhood runaway, "adopted" brother of Shoshone Chief Washakie, Pony Express rider for the Central Overland California and Pikes Peak Express Company, stagecoach driver for Ben Holloday's Overland Stage, blacksmith, prison guard, farmer, Mormon bishop, prison inmate (unlawful cohabitation), carpenter/cabinet maker, fiddler, trader, trapper, and "frontier doctor" (diphtheria and smallpox).

In 1859, Wilson was guide to General Albert Sidney Johnston when he led a company from Camp Floyd to hunt down Western Shoshone people in retaliation for a raid on a caravan. According to Wilson's account, Johnston's army massacred 350 men and an unknown number of women and children in the Spring Valley Massacre.

Wilson is remembered today due to the publication of derivative works based upon, and later-day republications of, his 1910 autobiography entitled Among the Shoshones, such as The White Indian Boy: The Story of Uncle Nick Among the Shoshones (a volume of the World Book Company's In Pioneer Life Series), The White Indian Boy, and its sequel The Return of the White Indian. He founded Wilson, Wyoming. His life was highlighted in the 2000 movie Wind River.

References

External links

1842 births
1915 deaths
American memoirists
American autobiographers
Writers from Illinois
Mormon pioneers
American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
People convicted of cohabitation
Pony Express riders
American people convicted of bigamy
Latter Day Saints from Wyoming

Elijah Nicholas Wilson


In Alaska, the Bush typically refers to any region of the state that is not connected to the North American road network or does not have ready access to the state's ferry system.  A large proportion of Alaska Native populations live in the Bush, often depending on subsistence hunting and fishing.

Geographically, the Bush comprises the Alaska North Slope; Northwest Arctic; West, including the Baldwin and Seward Peninsulas; the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta; Southwest Alaska; Bristol Bay; Alaska Peninsula; and remote areas of the Alaska Panhandle and Interior.

Some of the hub communities in the bush, which typically can be reached by larger, commercial airplanes, include Bethel, Dillingham, King Salmon, Nome, Utqiagvik,  Kodiak Island, Kotzebue, and Unalaska-Dutch Harbor.

Most parts of Alaska that are off the road or ferry system can be reached by small bush airplanes. Travel between smaller communities or to and from hub communities is typically accomplished by snowmobiles, boats, or ATVs.

References

Regions of Alaska
Rural geography
Decolonization

The Bush (Alaska)


Gandhi Memorial Asram popularly known as Sodepur Khadi Ashram is a heritage institution of Sodepur, Panihati, North 24 Parganas in the Indian state of West Bengal.

History
This Ashram was established in 1924 by the Gandhian activist, scientist and inventor, Satish Chandra Dasgupta, former superintendent of Bengal Chemicals. This was founded as a Khadi Pratisthan. The institution occupies an important place in Indian Freedom Struggle and which Mahatma Gandhi himself called his second home like Sabarmati Ashram. He visited the place several times during the period of 1939 to 1947. Topmost leader of Indian National Congress came here. Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Subhas Chandra Bose, Jawahar Lal Nehru, Vallabhbhai Patel, Sarat Chandra Bose, Syama Prasad Mukherjee, G. D. Birla, Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan, Sarojini Naidu, Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy visited the Ashram time to time. Subhash Chandra took his decision to leave Congress, launched All India Forward Bloc after the historic three days meeting held at Gandhi Memorial Asram.

References

Ashrams
Religious organizations established in 1924
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1924
Memorials to Mahatma Gandhi
Tourist attractions in North 24 Parganas district

Gandhi Memorial Asram


Law enforcement in Cambodia is handled by the Cambodian National Police, one of three General Departments within the Ministry of the Interior. The National Police numbers 64,000 and is divided into four autonomous units and five central departments. The National Police share significant functional overlap with the Military Police (officially the National Gendarmerie), which functions within the Ministry of Defense.

National police

The General Department of the National Police is one of three general departments within the Ministry of the Interior. The others are the General Inspectorate for Political, Administrative and Police Affairs and the General Department of Administration. The organization traces its origin to the formation of the Royal Khmer Police during the era of the 1st Kingdom of Cambodia.

The ministry is headed by deputy prime minister Sar Kheng and the National Police by a Commissioner-General with the rank of four-star general. (The current Commissioner-General is Neth Savoeun, a nephew by marriage of prime minister Hun Sen; according to a US embassy cable released through WikiLeaks, he has a good reputation with the embassy).

The Cambodian National Police is divided into four autonomous units, headed collectively by the First Deputy Director of National Police, and five central departments, each managed by a Chief of Department and Deputy Director:
Four autonomous units:
Interpol unit
Headquarters unit
Intervention unit
Drug Enforcement unit
Five central departments:
Department of Border Control
Public Order department
Department of Justice
Security department
Central Department of Means (support office)

Border department
The border police department is divided into three sub-departments:
Land border
Marine border
Logistics and technical

Public Order department
Social security
Defence
Administration
Public order

Judicial department
While the judicial police (the department in charge of most forms of criminal law enforcement) are meant to function under the prosecutor-general's office, they receive orders from the national police commander, meaning prosecutors lack control over the judicial police department. The judicial police force  is divided into three sub-departments:
Criminal police
Economic police
Scientific and technical

Security department
The security police department is divided into four sub-departments:
General information
Anti-terrorism police
Body-guards
Foreigners

Central department of Means
Personnel
Pedagogy and training
Logistics and material

Military police

Structure
The Military Police (Royal Gendarmerie) is a branch of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces. The Gendarmerie consists of 10 battalion-sized units, each between 500-1000 officers. It has a strength of more than 7,000 deployed in all provinces, with headquarters in Phnom Penh. The current commander is Lieutenant-General Sao Sokha, a former bodyguard and personal advisor to prime minister Hun Sen. The Gendarmerie monitors all 24 provinces. The unit includes a mobile team, consisting of six intervention units, an intervention vehicle battalion, a cavalry, and 4 infantry, with bases in Phnom Penh. The Gendarmerie training school is located in Kambol commune, Kandal Province.

Duties
The Royal Gendarmerie is responsible for the maintenance of public order and internal security, including:
Restoring peace and stability after a heavy disturbance
Counter-terrorism
Countering violent groups
Suppressing prison riots

Its civil duties include providing security and public peace, investigating and preventing organized crime, terrorism and other violent groups; protecting state and private property; helping and assisting civilians and other emergency forces in a case of emergency, natural disaster, civil unrest and armed conflicts. These functions overlap between the Gendarmerie and the national police.

Its military duties include preserving and protecting national security, state, property, public peace, and public order, and assisting other security forces in case of emergency, civil unrest, war; repressing riots; reinforcing martial law and mobilization; fighting and apprehending suspected criminals, terrorists and other violent groups.

See also
Hok Lundy
Crime in Cambodia

References

Law of Cambodia
Judiciary of Cambodia
Government of Cambodia

Law enforcement in Cambodia


Malayan Banking Berhad (doing business as Maybank) is a Malaysian universal bank, with key operating "home markets" of Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia.  According to the 2020 Brand Finance report, Maybank is Malaysia's most valuable bank brand, the fourth-top brand amongst the Asean countries and ranked 70th among the world's most valuable bank brands.

Background
Maybank is Malaysia's largest bank by market capitalisation and total assets and one of the largest banks in Southeast Asia, with total assets exceeding US$203 billion and a net profit of US$1.98 billion for 2019.

Maybank is also ranked 106th in The Banker's 2020 Top 1000 World Banks (as of July 2020) and 349th in the Forbes Global 2000 Leading Companies (as of May 2020).

Maybank is the largest public listed company on Bursa Malaysia, the Malaysian stock exchange, with a market capitalisation of US$23.7 billion as of 31 December 2019.

Maybank's Islamic banking arm, Maybank Islamic, is the largest Islamic bank in ASEAN and Malaysia in terms of assets, and was named 2020's Global Islamic Bank of the Year by The Banker.

Maybank's network spans across all 10 ASEAN nations as well as key Asian countries and global financial centres, with a network of 2,600 retail banking branches worldwide and more than 43,000 employees.

History
Maybank was founded by Singaporean business tycoon Tan Sri Khoo Teck Puat (who died in 2004) & Oei Tjong Ie. The company was led by President and CEO Tan Sri Amirsham Abdul Aziz from 1994 until March 2008 after which he was appointed Minister in the Prime Minister's Department in-charge of the Economic Planning Unit, a post he held until April 2009. Tan Sri Abdul Wahid Omar was President & CEO of Maybank Group from May 2008 to June 2013. On 1 May 2022, Dato' Khairussaleh Ramli was appointed as President & CEO of Maybank Group.

Timeline

 1960 – Maybank is incorporated on 31 May and begins operations in Kuala Lumpur on 12 September. Malayan Finance Corporation (later Maybank Finance) is established, the first wholly bank-owned finance company. Maybank's first overseas branch opens in Brunei on 28 November. Branches are also opened in Singapore.
 1962 – Listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. Hong Kong and London branches opened.
 1973 – Forms own investment banking arm, Aseambankers Malaysia Berhad (Asian & Euro-American Merchant Banking (Malaysia) Berhad)
 1977 – Mayban-Phoenix Assurance Bhd is incorporated offering underwriting general insurance risks.  Mayban-Phoenix Assurance was renamed Mayban Assurance in 1986
 1984 – New York branch opened
 1990 – Set up new operations in the Federal Territory of Labuan
 1992 – Mayban Securities formed.
 1993 – Maybank Ventures begins operations in February. In September, Aseam Leasing and Credit Bhd are incorporated, offering leasing and hire purchase activities. Opens representative office in Beijing, People's Republic of China
 1994 – Entered a joint-venture with PT Bank Nusa Nasional (Indonesia), bringing the Maybank name to the Indonesian market. A branch is opened in Phnom Penh, Cambodia
 1995 – Maybank (PNG) Ltd. opens in Port Moresby and Lae
 1996 – Hanoi branch and a representative office in Ho Chi Minh City are officially opened. Maybank Bankassurans launched, offering insurance products to customers at bank branches. Kwong Yik Bank sold to Rashid Hussain Berhad in December
 1997 – Acquired a 60% stake in PNB-Republic Bank of the Philippines and renamed it Maybank Philippines Inc
 2000 – First Malaysia bank to open a branch in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Acquired Pacific Bank and the Phileo Allied Bank Bhd, and then merged in 2001
 2001 – Maybank and Fortis International NV collaborate to set up Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd in a 70:30 partnership. All Maybank's insurance companies are grouped under Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd
 2002 – Mayban Takaful Bhd commences operations, the first Takaful company owned by a conventional bank in Malaysia. First Malaysia bank to operate in Bahrain
 2005 – Acquired Malaysia National Insurance Bhd (MNI) and its subsidiary, Takaful Nasional Sdn Bhd (Takaful Nasional)
 2006 – Maybank acquired American Express' card business in Malaysia
 2007 – Launched Etiqa, the new brand name for Maybank's conventional and takaful businesses under Mayban Fortis Holdings Bhd
 2008 – Islamic banking subsidiary, Maybank Islamic Berhad, established. Acquires stakes in An Binh Bank (Vietnam), MCB Bank Ltd of Pakistan and Bank Internasional Indonesia
 2009 – Renamed Aseambankers to Maybank Investment Bank. Completed a RM6 billion rights issue – the largest in Malaysian corporate history
 2010 – Introduced a Dividend Reinvestment Plan, the first public listed company in Malaysia to do so
 2011 – Acquired Kim Eng Holdings Limited, making it its subsidiary
 2012 - First branch in Laos opened, completing the Group's footprint in all 10 ASEAN nations
 2015 - Exited Papua New Guinea with the sale of Maybank (PNG) Limited and Mayban Property (PNG) Limited to Kina Ventures Ltd.

Awards and Recognitions

Brand Finance's Global 500 Brands: Maybank is the only Malaysian bank and one of two brands from Malaysia that qualified to be included in the prestigious Brand Finance's Global 500 Brands list in January 2019. Maybank achieved a brand valuation of US$4.2 billion, a 32% increase from its 2018 valuation of $3.16 billion.

The Best Malaysian Organization 2018. Maybank was recognized as the 2018 'Best Malaysian Organisation' by Talent Corporation Malaysia Berhad (TalentCorp) through its Life At Work Awards 2018 programme.

The Most Valuable Bank Brand in Malaysia: Maybank has been recognized as the top bank brand in Malaysia for four consecutive years, i.e., 2014–2018, based on the 2018 Brand Finance Banking 500 Brand Value Report issued by global brand valuation and strategy consulting firm, Brand Finance.

See also

List of largest Malaysian banks
List of largest banks in Southeast Asia

References

External links

 Maybank Group corporate website

Banks of Malaysia
Companies listed on Bursa Malaysia
Government-owned companies of Malaysia
Malaysian brands
Banks established in 1960
Companies based in Kuala Lumpur
1960 establishments in Malaya
Multinational companies headquartered in Malaysia
Online brokerages
Permodalan Nasional Berhad

Maybank


Jerzy Karol Buzek (born 3 July 1940 in Smilovice, Poland) is a Polish politician and scientist.

He was President of the European Parliament from 2009 to 2012. Between 1997 and 2001, he was the Prime Minister of Poland and a member of the Polish parliament.

Buzek attended the grammar school in Chorzów and got his Matura there. After successful exams, he went to the Technical University of Silesia. In Silesia, Jerzy Buzek studied chemistry and got a diploma in 1963.

In the years 1971 and 1972, he researched at the University of Cambridge in Great Britain.

During his studies and time spent in research, Buzek wrote about 200 patents and other papers.

During his time as the Prime Minister of Poland, his success was that Poland joined Nato in 1998. In 2004, he got elected to be a member of the European Parliament.

Buzek got Doctorates honoris causa from the University of Dortmund, the University of Seoul, the University of Isparta and also from the Technical Universities of Opole and Silesia.

References

1940 births
Living people
MEPs for Poland
Presidents of the European Parliament
Prime Ministers of Poland
Polish scientists

Jerzy Buzek


Chental-Song Bembry (born November 5, 1996) is an American author, illustrator and motivational speaker on literacy. She wrote The Honey Bunch Kids, a series of novels for middle-schoolers. Bembry, a native of New Jersey, wrote the first book when she was 13, based on characters she made up in her childhood.

The Honey Bunch Kids
Bembry was born on November 5, 1996, in Newark, New Jersey. As a child, she was an avid reader with an interest in writing and cartooning. At the age of 10, she created three characters: Desiree "Dizzy" Williams, Chauncey "Cheeks" Willis, and Stuart Glover. Bembry originally drew her characters in a comic strip called My Life is a Total Mezz Up. When she turned 11, her mother inspired her to pursue entrepreneurship. She started a t-shirt business and began painting her three characters on blank t-shirts. Later that year, her mother sent her to a writing camp at Middlesex County College titled "How to Publish Your Own Book". Bembry wrote a story about Dizzy, Cheeks and Stuart exploring life as sixth-graders. This story, which she titled The Honey Bunch Kids, was later published into a hard-bound book at the end of the writing camp. In 2010, at the age of 13, Bembry self-published what would be the first of The Honey Bunch Kids series. The books feature 11-year-olds who meet on the first day of school after missing the bus and walking in the rain. Together, they learn to negotiate bullies and other social hurdles. The series focuses on teaching kids kindness, patience and respect.

Promoting literacy
As a teen author, Bembry started a literacy campaign and traveled to schools, libraries, churches and book clubs to speak to youth about the importance of literacy, goal setting, and the impacts of reading on academic success.

Awards and recognition
At the age of 14, Bembry attended the Black Enterprise Youth Entrepreneur's Conference and was twice named "Entrepreneur of the Week". Black Enterprise also listed Bembry in the article "5 Young Moguls of Color Paving the Way For Your Children." In addition, Black Enterprise named Bembry in an article titled "Under 21 and Winning: 8 Young Bosses to Watch in 2013". Bembry was highlighted in Ebony magazine and was included in a collection of African American youth successes in Black Child Journal.

When she was later a student at Hampton University, Bembry was recognized at the 2015 BET Honors award show for her accomplishments and community service as a young author. She was featured as a M.A.D. ("Making a Difference") Girl at the 2015 Black Girls Rock! awards show, where she stood onstage alongside Michelle Obama.

Bembry's career was featured in a thesis that surveyed the involvement in political empowerment of contemporary young Black women. Basketball star LeBron James included her work in his series of 2018 Instagram posts highlighting young social influencers.

Journalism and communication

During her college career, Bembry completed summer internships at Sony Music Entertainment and WMAR-TV. After graduating from college in May 2018, she was employed as a Dow Jones & Company Business Reporting Intern for American Banker, a writer for Business Insider, and an intern for ABC World News Tonight with David Muir. She later worked for SHI International Corp, while also continuing to write children's books.

Bibliography

Fiction
The Honey Bunch Kids (2010)
The Honey Bunch Kids: School's in Session, Book 1 (2011)
The Honey Bunch Kids: School's in Session, Book 2 (2012)
Desiree Davenport: Welcome to Treeless Park (2020)

Reporting
 "Tattoos, cellphones and volunteerism: The way to millennials' hearts," American Banker (August 30, 2018)
 "Focus Financial invests $28M in fintech startup, ahead of prospective IPO," Financial Planning (June 22, 2018)
 "What it was like to play Fortnite for the first time," Business Insider (May 27, 2018)

References

External links
BET M.A.D. Girls video
Bembry on Twitter

Series of children's books
Juvenile series
Child characters in literature
Characters in American novels
Living people
American children's writers
American women journalists
1996 births
21st-century American women

Chental-Song Bembry


Factor, a Latin word meaning "who/which acts", may refer to:

Commerce
 Factor (agent), a person who acts for, notably a mercantile and colonial agent
 Factor (Scotland), a person or firm managing a Scottish estate
 Factors of production, such a factor is a resource used in the production of goods and services

Science and technology

Biology
 Coagulation factors, substances essential for blood coagulation
 Environmental factor, any abiotic or biotic factor that affects life
 Enzyme, proteins that catalyze chemical reactions
 Factor B, and factor D, peptides involved in the alternate pathway of immune system complement activation
 Transcription factor, a protein that binds to specific DNA sequences

Computer science and information technology
 Factor (programming language), a concatenative stack-oriented programming language
 Factor (Unix), a utility for factoring an integer into its prime factors
 Factor, a substring, a subsequence of consecutive symbols in a string
 Authentication factor, a piece of information used to verify a person's identity for security purposes
 Decomposition (computer science), also known as factoring, the organization of computer code
 Enumerated type: a data type consisting of a set of named values, called factor in the R programming language

Other uses in science and technology
 Factor, in the design of experiments, a phenomenon presumed to affect an experiment
 Human factors, a profession that focuses on how people interact with products, tools, or procedures
 Sun protection factor, a unit describing reduction in transmitted ultraviolet light

Mathematics

General mathematics
 Factor (arithmetic), either of two numbers involved in a multiplication
 Divisor, an integer which evenly divides a number without leaving a remainder
 Factorization, the decomposition of an object into a product of other objects
 Integer factorization, the process of breaking down a composite number into smaller non-trivial divisors
 A coefficient, a multiplicative factor in an expression, usually a number
 The act of forming a factor group or quotient ring in abstract algebra
 A von Neumann algebra, with a trivial center
 Factor (graph theory), a spanning sub graph
 Any finite contiguous sub-sequence of a word in combinatorics or of a word in group theory.

Statistics
 An independent categorical variable.
 In experimental design, the factor is a category of treatments controlled by the experimenter.
 In factor analysis,  the factors are unobserved underlying hidden variables that explain variability in a set of correlated variables.

People
 Factor (producer), Canadian hip hop artist
 John Factor (1892–1984), British-American Prohibition-era gangster
 Max Factor Sr. (1872–1938), Polish-American businessman and cosmetician
 Max Factor Jr. (1904–1996), son of the above, born Francis Factor

Places
 Factor, Arecibo, Puerto Rico, a barrio

Other uses
 Factor (chord), a member or component of a chord
 FACTOR, the Foundation to Assist Canadian Talent on Records
 The Factor, an April 2017 TV show on Fox News Channell

See also

 Co-factor (disambiguation)
 Factoring (disambiguation)

Factor


In botany, a stipe  is a stalk that supports some other structure. The precise meaning is different depending on which taxonomic group is being described.

In the case of ferns, the stipe is only the petiole from the rootstock to the beginning of the leaf tissue, or lamina. The continuation of the structure within the lamina is then termed a rachis.

In flowering plants, the term is often used in reference to a stalk that sometimes supports a flower's ovary. In orchids, the stipe or caudicle is the stalk-like support of the pollinia. It is a non-viscid band or strap connecting the pollinia with the viscidium (the viscid part of the rostellum or beak).

A stipe is also a structure found in organisms that are studied by botanists but that are no longer classified as plants. It may be the stem-like part of the thallus of a mushroom or a seaweed, and is particularly common among brown algae such as kelp. The stipe of a kelp often contains a central region of cells that, like the phloem of vascular plants, serves to transport nutrients within the alga.

See also
 Rachis
 Stipe (mycology), the stalk supporting the fruiting body of some fungi.

References

Plant anatomy
Plant morphology
Orchid morphology

Stipe (botany)


Gaspar Cassadó i Moreu (30 September or 5 October 1897 – 24 December 1966) was a Spanish  cellist and composer of the early 20th century.

Biography
Gaspar Cassadó i Moreu was born in Barcelona to a church musician father, Joaquim Cassadó, and began taking cello lessons at age seven. When he was nine, he played in a recital where Pablo Casals was in the audience; Casals immediately offered to teach him. The city of Barcelona awarded him a scholarship so that he could study with Casals in Paris.

In 1914 World War I broke out and his brother Agustí died a victim of an epidemic. Gaspar returned to Barcelona and began to offer concerts with the main orchestras of Spain. From 1918 he also performed in France and Italy, thanks to his friendship with Alfredo Casella. In 1920 he toured Argentina. From 1922 he began to make known his own compositions, both pieces for cello and concerts, chamber music, oratorios and a sardana. He also made transcriptions for cello.

In 1923 and thanks to the friendship with Francesco von Mendelssohn he met the singer and pianist Giulietta Gordigiani, with whom he lived for more than three decades, settling in Florence. Gaspar and Giulietta created a cello and piano duo with which they toured the European stages for more than a decade, achieving great success. Giulietta Gordigiani, widow of Robert von Mendelssohn, offered him fundamental support for the development and promotion of his career, as well as an excellent piano collaboration. Great virtuosos, they reaped for years the praise of the public and the admiration of the critics. In 1940 he toured the United States and spent the years of World War II in the village of Striano with Giulietta.

His career suffered a very significant and irreparable decline in the postwar period, due mainly to a famous letter published by his former teacher Casals in the New York Times accusing him of collaborationism with the fascist regimes and asking not to be allowed to play in the allied countries.

Cassadó combined his solo career with his participation as a jury in international competitions. From 1946 he was professor at the Accademia Musicale Chigiana in Siena, and from 1958 at the Staatliche Hochschule für Musik in Cologne. This year he co-founded the "Course of Spanish Music in Compostela" in Santiago de Compostela.

He was also the author of several notable musical hoaxes, notably the "Toccata" that he attributed to Girolamo Frescobaldi.

The personal papers of Cassadó's father are preserved in the Biblioteca de Catalunya. Gaspar's own papers, along with those of his wife, the pianist , are preserved at the Tamagawa University Museum of Education.

On the invitation of his great friend Alicia de Larrocha, with whom he had a cello-piano duo (touring extensively with him from 1956–58), Gaspar Cassado played concerts and led frequent classes at Academia Marshall in Barcelona. The Professor of Cello chair at Academia Marshall is named after Gaspar Cassado and held since 2018 by Professor Jacob Shaw.

Compositions

Original works
Cassadó's many transcriptions are listed below his original works.

Concertos
Cello Concerto in D minor (1926)
This piece, like the Suite for Cello Solo, is influenced by Spanish and Oriental folk music, and Impressionism. Cassadó studied composition with Maurice Ravel, and a Ravel-influenced "carnival music" appears in the second theme of the first movement. The second movement is a theme and variations which leads directly to a pentatonic Rondo.

Solo cello works
Suite for Cello Solo
The Suite, like the Cello Concerto and the Piano Trio, came from one Cassadó's most prolific periods, in the mid-1920s. It consists of three dance movements: Preludio-Fantasia (a Zarabanda); Sardana; and Intermezzo e Danza Finale (a Jota). The first movement includes quotations from Zoltán Kodály's Sonata for Cello Solo, Op. 8, and the famous flute solo from Maurice Ravel's ballet Daphnis et Chloé. The sardana of the second movement is a traditional dance from Catalonia.
Fugue in the Style of Handel

Solo guitar works
Canción de Leonardo
Catalanesca
Dos Cantos Populares Finlandeses (Two Finnish Folk Songs)
Leyenda Catalana
Préambulo y Sardana
Sardana Chigiana

Works for cello and piano
Allegretto Grazioso "After Schubert"
Archares 1954
Danse du diable vert (Dance of the Green Devil) for violin or cello 1926
La Pendule, la Fileuse et le Galant 1925
Lamento de Boabdil 1931
Minuetto "After Paderewski"
Morgenlied 1957
Partita 1935
Pastorale "After Couperin"
Rapsodia del Sur
Requiebros 1934

Serenade 1925
Sonata in A minor 1925
Sonata nello stile antico spagnuolo (Sonata in an "Old Spanish Style") 1925
Toccata "After Frescobaldi" 1925

Chamber works
Piano Trio in C major 1926/1929
String Quartet No. 1 in F minor 1929
String Quartet No. 2 in G major 1930
String Quartet No. 3 in C minor 1933

Transcriptions

Concerto transcriptions
Cello Concerto in F major, based on Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's Concerto No. 3 in A major, Wq. 172
Cello Concerto in D major, based on Mozart's Horn Concerto No. 3 in E flat major, K. 447
Cello Concerto in A minor, based on Schubert's Arpeggione Sonata, D. 821
Cello Concerto in E major, based on Tchaikovsky's Piano Pieces, Op. 72 (1940)
Cassadó transformed nine of Tchaikovsky's pieces into a concerto. He used No. 18 Scene dansante (Invitation au trepak), No. 3 Tendres Reproches and No. 14 Chant Elegiaque in the first movement; No. 5 Meditation and No. 8 Dialogue in the second and No. 4 Danse Caracteristique, No. 2 Berceuse, No. 17 Passe Lointain and No. 1 Impromptu in the third. This concerto was a favorite of Cassadó's. It was published in 1940 by Edition Schott No. 3743.
Cello Concerto in D major, based on Weber's Clarinet Concerto No. 2 in E-flat major, Op. 74
Cello Concerto in E minor, based on Vivaldi's Cello Sonata No. 5, RV. 40
Guitar Concerto in E major, based on Boccherini's Concerto No. 2 in D major, G. 479
Cassadó completely rewrote the Concerto for his colleague Andrés Segovia. The transcription features a solo string quartet, and trumpet fanfares make it reminiscent of Rodrigo.

Transcriptions for solo cello
Johann Sebastian Bach - Cello Suite No. 4, BWV 1010
Cassadó transposed the suite to F major from its original key of E-flat major.
Frédéric Chopin - Étude, Op. 25, No. 1
George Frideric Handel - The Harmonious Blacksmith (from the Harpsichord Suites Vol.1 No.5 "Air and Variations")

Transcriptions for cello and piano
Isaac Albéniz:
 Cádiz (Serenata española)
Malagueña, Op. 165, No. 3
Martin Berteau - Studio
Luigi Boccherini - Minuetto
Alexander Borodin - Serenata all spagnola (from String Quartet B-La-F)
Jean-Baptiste Bréval - Sonata in G major (realization of figured bass)
Frédéric Chopin - Minute Waltz, Op. 64, No. 1
Constantino de Crescenzo - Prima Carezza
Claude Debussy:
Clair de lune
Golliwog's Cakewalk
Minstrels
Antonín Dvořák - Sonatina in G major, Op. 100 (Indian Lament)
Gabriel Fauré - Nocturne No. 4
Enrique Granados - Intermezzo (from the opera Goyescas)
Ernesto Halffter - Canzone e Pastorella
Blas de Laserna - Tonadilla
Franz Liszt - Liebestraum (Notturno) No. 3
Benedetto Marcello:
Sonata No. 1 in C major
Sonata No. 4 in A minor
Federico Mompou - Chanson et Danse
Federico Moreno Torroba - Fandanguillo
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart:
Rondo alla turca (from Piano Sonata K.331)
Serenata de Don Giovanni [Deh vieni alla finestra]
Sonata K. 358 (from Sonata for Piano Four Hands)
Georg Muffat - Arioso
Ignacy Jan Paderewski - Minuet in G
Manuel Ponce - Estrellita (Little Star)
David Popper - Elfentanz
Johann Strauss II - An der schonen Blauen Donau

References

Further reading
 Gaspar Cassadó: Cellist, Composer and Transcriber, Gabrielle Kaufman, Routledge, London (2017),

External links
Brief biography from the International Cello Society
Nathaniel J. Chaitkin's doctoral thesis on Gaspar Cassadó: His Relationship with Pablo Casals and His Versatile Musical Life (2001)
His Profile at The Remington Site
Personal papers Joaquim Cassadó in the Biblioteca de Catalunya

1897 births
1966 deaths
Spanish classical cellists
Catalan classical cellists
Spanish music educators
Spanish classical composers
Spanish male classical composers
20th-century classical composers
Musicians from Barcelona
20th-century Spanish musicians
20th-century Spanish male musicians
20th-century cellists
Academic staff of Accademia Musicale Chigiana

Gaspar Cassadó


Sextilia ( – 69) was the mother of Lucius Vitellius the Younger and Aulus Vitellius.

Family
Sextilia came from a distinguished family and lived intimately with imperial intrigue, daughter of Marcus Sextilius, Triumvir Monetalis around 15, and Fabia, daughter of Publius Fabius, and paternal granddaughter of Quintus Sextilius, himself the son of Senator Publius Sextilius, mentioned in 39 BC and 35 BC, paternal grandson of another Publius Sextilius and great-grandson of yet another Publius Sextilius.

Sextilia married the successful politician and friend of the emperor Claudius, Lucius Vitellius. Placed in charge of Rome while Claudius traveled to Britain, Vitellius died in 52 CE leaving Sextilia with two sons, Aulus Vitellius and the younger Lucius Vitellius.

Aulus becomes emperor
Sextilia and Galeria Fundana remained in Rome after Aulus Vitellius went to Germany. Although he left Galeria in straitened financial circumstances with creditors at her door, Sextilia retained a firm control over her own wealth and distanced herself from her son's financial debacle. After the death of Galba, on 2 January 69 CE the troops in Lower Germany declared Vitellius emperor.

More in response to Vitellius's loose regard for discipline than as a measure of his leadership qualities, the troops hailed him a second Germanicus, in reference to the able soldier and son of the younger Antonia who was Tiberius's probable heir. When Sextilia first learned of her son's rise to power, she was said to have responded that she had borne a libertine Vitellius, not a Germanicus.

Death
In Rome, Sextilia and Galeria Fundana were in some danger as Marcus Salvius Otho challenged Vitellius. Vitellius wrote Otho's brother and threatened to kill him and his family if the women were harmed. As it turned out, Sextilia may have had her own avenues of access to the camp of Otho, and neither of them were injured.

Vitellius defeated Otho, and on his arrival in Rome, he embraced Sextilia and declared her Augusta. He also spent huge sums of money on food, drink, and entertainment. Troops in other parts of the empire deserted to Titus Flavius Vespasian. Vitellius was defeated in battle. Sextilia died shortly before both her sons were killed in December 69; Vitellius is even reported to have starved his own mother to death—to fulfill a prophecy that he would rule longer if his mother died first; alternatively there is a report that his mother asked for poison to commit suicide—a request he granted.

References

Sources
 Continuité gentilice et continuité sénatoriale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines à l'époque impériale, 2000

0s BC births
69 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
1st-century Roman women
Sextilii
Augustae

Sextilia


The Tyldesley diary was a diary kept by Thomas Tyldesley of Fox Hall, Lancashire (1657–1715), a Catholic recusant and Jacobite sympathiser, between 1712 and 1714.

The diary
The diary is a valuable historical source for the light it sheds on the daily lives and routines of the Lancastrian gentry of the age and, in particular, during the period immediately before the Jacobite rising of 1715 – Lancashire being one of the heartlands of such support for the cause of the Old Pretender as still existed at that time.

Damage to the manuscript
In 2007, it was discovered that the manuscript of the diary, owned by Peter J. Tyldesley, had been seriously damaged while in the custody of the British Library to which it had been entrusted for safekeeping.

External links
 The Tyldesley Diary (edited with introduction and notes by Joseph Gillow and Anthony Hewitson) (1873)

References

Diaries
18th-century documents
History of Lancashire
Jacobite rising of 1715

Tyldesley Diary


Buckland Priory (also known as Minchin Buckland Preceptory or Buckland Sororum (Latin: "Buckland of the Sisters")) was established around 1167 in Lower Durston, Somerset, England.

Priory
It was founded by William de Erleigh (or Erlegh) for Augustinian Canons. A local spring fed fishponds (or vivarium) and supplied the priory with water and drainage. The ponds were filled in by 1725.

The buildings burned down in 1234. The priory was later suppressed, and the estates given to the Knights Hospitaller. Subsequently, there was a priory of Canonesses of St. Augustine, and, in 1199 a preceptory of Knights Hospitaller, the Hospitallers' only house for women in England, who ceased to appoint preceptors after 1433.

Various endowments were made and by 1358 the estate consisted of  of arable land, and  of meadow.

Burials
Robert Hill (died 1423) and wife Isabel Fitchet

Dissolution
At the Dissolution of the Monasteries Buckland was dissolved in 1540. The Hospitallers had granted a 50-year lease of their lands in 1539 to William Hawley or Halley. Following Dissolution Hawley received a lease of the property from the crown, and in 1545 together with Alexander Popham he purchased the freehold, then called "the manor and late preceptory of Buckland Priors". Hawley bought out his partner Popham later in 1545. In 1548 he held 300 acres of former Buckland Priory land. The property was later the seat of Sir Gabriel Hawley (d.1604), Sheriff of Somerset in 1584.

Present day
The site of one of the buildings is now occupied by Buckland Farm a Grade II* listed building.

References

Further reading

Monasteries in Somerset
1167 establishments in England
1539 disestablishments in England
Augustinian monasteries in England
Preceptories of the Knights Hospitaller in England
Christian monasteries established in the 12th century

Buckland Priory


Dolcelatte (, ; literally 'sweet milk') is a blue veined Italian soft cheese. The cheese is made from cow's milk and has a sweet taste.

Dolcelatte was created by the Galbani Company (now part of Groupe Lactalis) and the name is a registered trademark. Dolcelatte was developed for the British market to provide a milder smelling and tasting alternative to the famous traditional Italian blue cheese, Gorgonzola.

The production method for dolcelatte is similar to the methods used to make Gorgonzola. One difference is that it is made from the curd of only one milking, which makes it harder. It takes about two to three months to produce and age this cheese. The fat content of dolcelatte is higher than Gorgonzola at about 50%. Dolcelatte is comparable in taste and texture to dolceverde and torte gaudenzio cheese.

See also
 List of cheeses

References

Italian cheeses
Cow's-milk cheeses
Blue cheeses

Dolcelatte


Bassianus (died 316 AD) was a Roman senator, whom the Emperor Constantine I arranged to marry his half-sister, Anastasia. In 314 Constantine hoped to elevate Bassianus to the imperial rank of caesar, but Constantine's co-augustus in the East Licinius successfully opposed the move. According to the Anonymus Valesianus, a Latin chronicle composed during late antiquity, Bassianus was accused of plotting against the throne and was executed by Constantine.

Biography
The choice of Bassianus is probably to be understood in light of the fact that Bassianus' brother, Senecio, was a high official in service of Licinius, Constantine's colleague in the East, and thus this marriage strengthened the bond between the two augusti.

The next year, in 316, Constantine sent his half-brother Julius Constantius, to Licinius at Sirmium, with the proposal of elevating Bassianus to the rank of caesar and with power over Italy. Licinius refused to acknowledge the appointment; furthermore, he told Senecio to contact his brother and have him kill Constantine, take arms and conquer Italy for Licinius. The conspiracy was discovered and Bassianus arrested and put to death. Constantine asked Licinius to hand him Senecio, but Licinius refused and overthrew his colleague's statues at Emona, on the border between the two spheres of influence; these events led to the outbreak of hostilities between Constantine and Licinius, an episode of civil war known as the bellum Cibalense.

Recent prosopographical studies suggest that Bassianus and Senecio were members of the families of Anicii and of Nummii Albini Seneciones.

References

Bibliography

Primary sources
 Origo Constantini, 5,14–15.
 Eusebius of Caesarea, Vita Constantini, 1.47.1
 Zosimus, Historia nea, II.18–20.

Secondary sources
 Charles Matson Odahl (2004). Constantine and the Christian empire Routledge, p. 144.

316 deaths
Year of birth unknown
4th-century Romans
Senators of the Roman Empire
Executed ancient Roman people
Constantinian dynasty
Late Roman Empire political office-holders
Tetrarchy

Bassianus (executed by Constantine)


A density meter (densimeter) is a device which measures the density of an object or material. Density is usually abbreviated as either  or . Typically, density either has the units of  or . The most basic principle of how density is calculated is by the formula:

Where:

  = the density of the sample.
  = the mass of the sample.
  = the volume of the sample.

Many density meters can measure both the wet portion and the dry portion of a sample. The wet portion comprises the density from all liquids present in the sample. The dry solids comprise solely of the density of the solids present in the sample.

A density meter does not measure the specific gravity of a sample directly. However, the specific gravity can be inferred from a density meter. The specific gravity is defined as the density of a sample compared to the density of a reference. The reference density is typically of that of water. The specific gravity is found by the following equation:

Where:
  = the specific gravity of the sample.
  = the density of the sample that needs to be measured.
  = the density of the reference material (usually water).

Density meters come in many varieties. Different types include: nuclear, coriolis, ultrasound, microwave, and gravitic. Each type measures the density differently. Each type has its advantages and drawbacks.

Density meters have many applications in various parts of various industries. Density meters are used to measure slurries, sludges, and other liquids that flow through the pipeline. Industries such as mining, dredging, wastewater treatment, paper, oil, and gas all have uses for density meters at various points during their respective processes.

Different types of density meter

Coriolis

Coriolis density meters, also known as mass flow meters or inertial flow meters, work on the principle of vibration to measure phase shifts in the vibration of a bent thin walled tube. The bent thin walled tube is rotated around a central axis. When there is no mass in the bent section, the tube remains untwisted. However, when the density inside the bent section increases, the inbound flow portion of the bent pipe drags behind the out flow portion. This twisting causes phase shifts which result in changes in the resonant frequency of the thin walled tube. Therefore, the resonant frequency is directly affected by the density. Higher density media causes a larger Coriolis effect if the volumetric flow rate is constant.
Flowing media causes a frequency and a phase shift of the bent pipe, which are proportional to the mass flow rate of the sample.

Coriolis meters measure the mass flow of the system. They do not measure the volumetric flow. However, a volumetric flow can be inferred from the mass flow measurement.
These measurements are restricted to small diameters for flow tubes. However, this measurement technique results in high accuracy and high repeatability. Coriolis meters also have a fast response time.

Coriolis meters need to be calibrated for temperature and pressure. The zero points for these values are used to calibrate the system. Coriolis meters cannot be calibrated while in use. The span difference is used to see how temperature and pressure have changed.

Nuclear

Nuclear density meters work on the principle of measuring gamma radiation. Gamma radiation is emitted from a source. This source is typically caesium-137 (half-life: ~30 years). The radiation is seen by a scintillator device. The radiation is converted into flashes of light. The number of flashes of light is counted. Radiation that is absorbed by the mass is not seen by the scintillator device. Therefore, the density of the media is inversely proportional to the radiation captured and seen by the scintillator.

Nuclear density meters are limited in scope to what is seen by the gamma radiation beam. The sample size is a single, thin column with small longitudinal length.

Nuclear equipment requires certified and licensed staff in order to operate the instruments.

Microwave

Microwave density meters have various ways to measure what solids are in the sample. All microwave meters measure microwaves but some use different methods such as measuring the microwave propagation speed change, amplitude reduction, time of flight, single phase difference, or dual phase shift. Each technique has certain accuracies.

Some microwave meters use a ceramic probe that is directly inserted into the sample. This allows the meter to have direct contact to the sample in question. However, this limits the types of slurries and sludges that can flow through the pipe line. Abrasive slurries with particulates can damage the sensor probe.

Microwave meters are also limited to liquids with unvarying dielectric constants. The percentage of solids of the slurry affects the dielectric constant for the entire sample. Typically, percent solids greater than 20% result in large errors. Similar inconsistencies happen with large pipe
diameters.

Microwave meters are very good at detecting dissolved solids. Homogeneous solutions are easily seen by microwave meters. This makes them a fit for applications where the solution is consistent and non-abrasive.

Ultrasonic

Ultrasonic density meters work on various principles to calculate the density. One of the methods is the transit-time principle (also known as the time of flight principle). With this technique, a sensor is typically installed in the pipe, which has an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver in one construction. The ultrasonic density meter calculates the sonic velocity by using the known distance between the transmitter and receiver and the measured transit time. The measuring instrument can now calculate the density, as it is dependent on the sound velocity.

Another method that is utilized in ultrasonic meters is the envelope energy average method. This method is based on not only the amplitude of the signal but also the shape of the signal. These packets of information are called envelopes.

Doppler ultrasonic meters measure the suspension flow where the concentration of solids in the slurry is above 100ppm and the particles that are suspended are larger than 100 microns in diameter. However, the Doppler method only works on concentrations of less than 10% solids.

Compensations

Temperature

Temperature affects the density of fluids. In most cases, an increase in temperature indicates that the density of the media will decrease. This indicates that temperature and density are inversely proportional to each other. Temperature also affects the meters themselves. Mass flow meters have different resonant frequencies at different temperatures.

Pressure

Pressure changes the rigidity of the mass flow tube. Pressure affects the rigidity of gravimetric meters.

Vibration

Vibration from plant noise can be filtered out. Vibration is apparent in microwave, ultrasonic, gravimetric, and Coriolis meters. Vibration causes these types of meters to accumulate error

Damage

Coriolis meters have compensations from pitting, cracking, coating, erosion, and corrosion. These damages affect the way that the tube resonates. These changes affect the baseline. Compensations cannot be made dynamically. These damages typically cause offsets that can be added to the existing calibration factors that will ensure that a consistent reading is still acquired.

References

Density meter


The Heroes of Olympus is a series of five adventure and fantasy novels written by Rick Riordan, an American author. It follows the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series and is followed by The Trials of Apollo series and the Daughter of the Deep. The stories are based around Greek and Roman mythology, it describes the efforts of seven demigod heroes to prevent the earth goddess Gaea from waking up with their ship called Argo ll. The first book in the series was released on October 12, 2012 and the last one was released on October 7, 2014.

The series begins with The Lost Hero, and ends with The Blood of Olympus. Some characters from the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series return, including Percy Jackson, Annabeth Chase, Clarisse, Chiron, Camp Half-Blood campers, and several others. There are also some new characters. Some are Leo Valdez, son of Hephaestus, Jason Grace, son of Jupiter (Zeus as a Roman) and Piper McLean daughter of Aphrodite and movie star Tristan McLean who is kidnapped in The Lost Hero.

Riordan based some of his series on The Golden Fleece and The Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles by Padraic Colum.

Books in the series
 The Lost Hero
 The Son of Neptune
 The Mark of Athena
 The House of Hades
 The Blood of Olympus

In addition to these books, Rick Riordan has also written a supplementary book named The Demigod Diaries which was released on August 14, 2012.

Main Characters
Percy Jackson: A seventeen-year-old Greek demigod and a son of Poseidon.
Annabeth Chase: A seventeen-year-old Greek demigod and a daughter of Athena.
Piper McLean: A fifteen-year-old Greek demigod and a daughter of Aphrodite. She has the power to charmspeak, which means she can talk people into doing things but it does not always work.
Leo Valdez: A fifteen-year-old Greek demigod and a son of Hephaestus. He has the power to manipulate and produce fire.
Jason Grace: A sixteen-year-old Roman demigod and a son of Jupiter. It is revealed in The Lost Hero that he is the brother of Thalia Grace, a Greek demigod.
Frank Zhang: A-sixteen-year-old Roman demigod and a son of Mars. He is also related to Poseidon on his mother's side. He has the ability to change his form.
Hazel Levesque: A thirteen-year-old Roman demigod and a daughter of Pluto. She has the ability to manipulate precious metals and stones.
Gleeson Hedge: A satyr from Camp Half-Blood who is tasked to accompany the seven demigods on their quest.

References

Series of books
2010s books

American children's books
its amazing

The Heroes of Olympus


Lorenz Dittmann (27 March 1928, in Munich – 11 March 2018) was a German art historian.

Dittmann studied history of art at the University of Munich. In 1955 he completed a Ph.D. dissertation on Grünewald's color, supervised by Ernst Strauss. In 1958, he moved to the Kunsthistorisches Institut of the RWTH Aachen University, where he wrote a Habilitationsschrift on "Style, Symbol, and Structure" in 1965.

In 1977 he was appointed professor of art history at the Saarland University, Saarbrücken, where he remained until his retirement in 1996.

His extensive work includes major exhibition catalogs and monographs, for instance, German Expressionism: The Colors of Desire (1981), Farbgestaltung und Farbtheorie in der abendländischen Malerei (1987), Kategorien und Methoden der deutschen Kunstgeschichte 1900-1930 (1998), Die Wiederkehr der antiken Götter im Bilde: Versuch einer neuen Deutung (2001), Die Kunst Cezannes: Farbe, Rhythmus, Symbolik (2005), Matisse begegnet Bergson: Reflexionen zu Kunst und Philosophie (2008), Farbgestaltung in der europäischen Malerei - ein Handbuch (2010) and Weltbilder moderner Kunst: Werke von Kandinsky, Klee, Beckmann, Mondrian, Kokoschka im Licht phänomenologischer Philosophien (2013).

Dittmann has accompanied the development of the Saarland Museum and is a founding member of the museum's advisory board, taking over various tasks in the Saarland Cultural Heritage Foundation.

According to Christof Trepesch, Lorenz Dittmann was one of the few art historians who are able to draw the bow from the Middle Ages to contemporary art and who can talk about all genres and styles of art in art history with a secure view of essential facts.

References

Further reading
Hans-Caspar Graf von Bothmer, Klaus Güthlein, Rudolf Kuhn, eds., Festschrift für Lorenz Dittmann. Frankfurt am Main, 1994.

External links
Lorenz Dittmann im Gespräch mit Christof Trepesch.
Professor Lorenz Dittmann wird 85 Jahre alt.

1928 births
2018 deaths
German art historians
Academic staff of Saarland University
People from Munich

Lorenz Dittmann