Walter Bayley (1529–1593), was an English physician.

Life
Bayley, called in Latin Bailæus and in English books also Baley and Baily, was born at Portesham, Dorset, in which county his father was a squire. He was educated at Winchester School, and became a fellow of New College in 1550. He graduated M.B. 1557, and M.D. 1563. He was already in holy orders, and was a canon of Wells until 1579. In 1561 he had been appointed regius professor of physic at Oxford University.

In 1566, he married Anne Evans, who lived in Oxford, and they had two sons and four daughters, one of the latter marrying Bayley's successor as regius professor of medicine.

Queen Elizabeth made him one of her physicians, he entered the service of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, and was elected fellow of the College of Physicians in 1581. Latterly, he lived in London. He enjoyed large practice, and died in 1592–3. He is buried in the Chapel of New College, and his son William put up a tablet to his memory.

Works
A Brief Treatise of the Preservation of the Eyesight is the best known of Bayley's works. It appeared in 1586, and was reprinted in 1616 at Oxford. Mainly it is an exposition in English of the opinions on its topic of Rhases, Avicenna, Arnaldus de Villa Nova, and other medieval authorities.The book contains an observation of his own, recording how one Hoorde preserved his sight till over 84 years of age, by the use of eye-bright, in ale and eggs. It also comments on the new method of brewing that had come in during Queen Elizabeth's reign, with some still preferring ale made with "grout" (a plant used before hops, according to the Oxford English Dictionary).

In 1587 Bayley published A Brief Discourse of Certain Bathes of Medicinal Waters in the County of Warwick. He also wrote A Short Discourse of the Three Kinds of Pepper in Common Use.

References

External links
 Notes and Transcription of Walter Bailey's Briefe Treatise on the Preservation of Eyesight

1529 births
1593 deaths
16th-century English medical doctors
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of New College, Oxford
English Christian religious leaders
16th-century English educators
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Regius Professors of Medicine (University of Oxford)

Walter Bayley


Beaghmore is a complex of early Bronze Age megalithic features, stone circles and cairns, 8.5 miles north west of Cookstown, County Tyrone in Northern Ireland, on the south-east edge of the Sperrin Mountains.

Mackay's Dictionary of Ulster Place-names says that it is from Irish an Bheitheach Mhór, meaning "big place of birch trees", a name that reflects the fact that the area was a woodland before being cleared by Neolithic farmers.

Beaghmore stone circles, alignments and cairns are State Care Historic Monuments in the townland of Beaghmore, in the Cookstown District Council area, grid ref: Area of H684 842. At Beaghmore a cairn (grid ref: H6872 8470), a cairn (grid ref: H6856 8472), stone circles, alignments and cairns (grid ref: area of H684 842), round cairn with standing stones: Bradley's Cairn (grid ref: H6830 8401) and cairn and alignment (grid ref: H6863 8431), are all Scheduled Historic Monuments.

Excavation
The site was discovered by George Barnett in the late 1930s during peat cutting when 1,269 stones were uncovered, and partially excavated in 1945–1949 when it was taken into state care. It was also excavated again in 1965. Hearths and deposits of flint tools were discovered and have been carbon dated to 2900-2600BC. Several of the stone rows run over the tumbled walls of field structures which also date from the Neolithic period. Excavation of one of the cairns revealed a polished porcellanite axe, which may have originated from the Tievebulliagh axe factory, some 70 miles away in County Antrim. The largest cairn featured a central pit containing an oak branch.

Features
There are seven low stone circles of different sizes, six of which are paired, twelve cairns and ten stone rows. The circles are between 10 and 20m in diameter, and are associated with earlier burial cairns and alignments of stone rows lead towards them. The stones are small with few more than 0.5m in height and the circles are distorted, suggesting they are related to kerbs surrounding some megalithic tombs. A typical feature of the stone rows is a high and low arrangement where short rows of tall stones run beside much longer rows of small stones. The stone rows radiate from the circles in a roughly north-east direction.

Excavation has revealed that the site overlays a Neolithic cultivation site, and it is thought that the stones may have been erected in response to deteriorating soil fertility and the encroachment of peat.

Function

See also
List of archaeological sites in County Tyrone

References

Sources
 McNally, Kenneth (2006). "Ireland's Ancient Stones" (Belfast: Appletree Press).

External links
Beaghmore Stone Circles - Cookstown - Discover Northern Ireland
Beaghmore Stone Circle – The Modern Antiquarian
Beaghmore Circles and Alignments – Megalithic Ireland
Beaghmore – Irish Megaliths
Beaghmore Stone Circles – Tourism Information

Archaeological sites in County Tyrone
Prehistoric sites in Northern Ireland
Stone circles in Northern Ireland
Scheduled monuments in Northern Ireland

Beaghmore


Famicom Data Recorder (HVC-008) is a compact cassette tape data interface introduced in 1984, for the Famicom which had been introduced in 1983. It is compatible with four Famicom games, for saving user-generated content to tapes. As Nintendo's first rewritable storage medium, it was replaced by the Famicom Disk System in 1986.

History
Home game consoles may present the player with the opportunity for storing game positions and original user-generated content such as custom game levels. Based on the read-only memory cartridge medium, the premium cost of easy-to-use solid-state data storage technology, such as battery-backed memory, drove the 1980s market to seek cheaper compromises. Utilizing standard compact cassette tapes, Nintendo began with the Famicom Data Recorder. A compatible game runs on cartridge and optionally allows the creation of user-generated content to be saved onto cassette tapes using this tape drive.

Manufactured by Matsushita/Panasonic for Nintendo, the cassette tape drive was released in 1984 only in Japan for . Available to any game developer, it was launched as a peripheral for Nintendo's Family BASIC Keyboard to save BASIC programs written by users. In addition to Family BASIC, this compatible game library is Nintendo's Programmable Series with Excitebike (1984), Mach Rider (1985), and Wrecking Crew (1985)and the third party games Castle Excellent (1989), Arkanoid - Revenge of Doh, Lode Runner (1984), and Nuts & Milk.

As production costs decreased over the years, Nintendo later developed the floppy disk based Famicom Disk System, and ASCII Corporation created an external battery-backed RAM-disk called the Turbo File.

Operation
The Famicom Data Recorder is powered either by a 6 volt adapter or 4 AA batteries. The Recorder can be used as a conventional sound recorder, and includes a built in microphone in the bottom left hand corner of the unit. The Recorder has mono sound output from a built in speaker on the top of the unit. A convenient volume control is accessible on the left hand side.

The Recorder has two data ports that use a conventional 3.5mm mono phone connector. The port on the left hand side is labeled "ear" and "load". The port on the right is labeled as "Mic" and "Save". When used as a data storage device the phone cables connected to the corresponding "write" and "save" ports on the Family BASIC keyboard.

The Data Recorder set includes an instruction manual, a data cable, a Nintendo-branded compact cassette, a 6 volt AC adapter, and a carrying handle that extends from the front bezel.

References

Nintendo Entertainment System accessories
Computer-related introductions in 1984
Japan-only video game hardware
Video game storage media

Famicom Data Recorder


Professor Kool's Fun Skool aired on WMAR-TV in Baltimore on Saturday mornings from 1967 to 1977  and was hosted by Stu Kerr.  It was a children's show featuring different kids each week.

With giant floppy shoes, an academic's robe and mortarboard, floppy bow tie, glasses, mustache and a glossy black bob, Kerr was transformed into the loony teacher who made kids believe they liked school because, as he sang to the tune of "Jingle Bells," "it's lots of fun."

We like school
We like school - cause it's lots of fun.
Singing, laughing, playing games,
Blues are on the run.

We like school
We like school - love to hear the bell.
For our teacher Professor Kool,
Let's give him a great big yell !!!

Another of the weekly features was when children were selected from the audience to play the Pie Face game using the Hasbro toy of the same name. The contestants would line up to stick their faces through the pie hole and yell "SOCK IT TO ME! ... SOCK IT TO ME!" while turning the cranks.

Professor Kool had a nemesis named Miss Spiderweb, a silent, stealthy witch-like wraith who wreaked havoc in the classroom who was played by John Ziemann. Ziemann was a studio technician who was with WMAR for 35 years. As the villain of the show, Miss Spiderweb was frequently the target of the kids on the set and at personal appearances. In fact, he sustained injuries on the set that sent him to the emergency room on three occasions.

One of the shows favorable highlights was Professor Kool's reading of the lunch menu; a long scroll with wacky unappealing descriptions would have the classmates sounding disgusted.

After Professor Kool went off the air, Stu Kerr was on a show called Caboose, which featured a young puppeteer named Kevin Clash, better known today as the man behind Elmo.

References

1960s American children's comedy television series
1970s American children's comedy television series
1967 American television series debuts
1977 American television series endings
Local children's television programming in the United States
Television series about children
Television series about educators

Professor Kool


Digital Anvil, Inc. (formerly Digital Anvil Holdings, Inc.) was an American video game developer based in Austin, Texas owned by Microsoft Game Studios (MGS). It was founded in 1996 by brothers Chris and Erin Roberts along with Tony Zurovec, Marten Davies, Craig Cox, John Miles, Eric Peterson and Robert Rodriguez, creators of the Wing Commander franchise from Origin Systems.

Davies held the position of president of the studio from its founding until February 2000, when his departure was announced. In June 2000, Microsoft started talks to buy Digital Anvil. Roberts admitted that his team required large sums of money, which only a huge company could provide. The acquisition of Digital Anvil by MGS was completed in December of that same year.

History
Digital Anvil was founded in 1996 by Chris Roberts, Erin Roberts, Tony Zurovec, Marten Davies, Craig Cox, John Miles, Eric Peterson, and Robert Rodriguez. The name derived from the team's idea to provide "hard work and high tech". Digital Anvil offered profit-related pay to encourage creative drive and give employees a sense of ownership in the company.

Digital Anvil was purchased by Microsoft on December 5, 2000. One of the consequences of Digital Anvil's purchase was a reshuffling of titles being developed. Conquest: Frontier Wars and Loose Cannon were dropped by the company, eventually being picked up by Ubisoft. Conquest was released in 2001. Many of the Digital Anvil staff working on Loose Cannon were reassigned to the company's flagship Freelancer. Brute Force (still unannounced at the time) was switched from a computer game to an Xbox exclusive. Of all the projects being produced, only Freelancer escaped major change. Co-founder Chris Roberts left the company after the Microsoft takeover, but he still worked as a consultant on Freelancer. Digital Anvil also worked on the visual effects of the 1999 film Wing Commander.

For the next year, Digital Anvil was mostly silent, and many wondered whether any games from the company would see the light of day. Then, in 2001, Digital Anvil revealed a lighter Freelancer to the press. Although some of the more ambitious elements were dropped, this act proved Freelancer was not vaporware. In March 2003, Freelancer was released and immediately became one of the month's top-selling games. In May of the same year, Digital Anvil released Brute Force for the Xbox. The game also did quite well, setting first-month sales records for Xbox games. In November 2005, Microsoft redeployed the developer's employees to its Microsoft Studios headquarters. Digital Anvil was officially dissolved on January 31, 2006.

Hartman, the studio head of Digital Anvil at the time of its closure, was moved from Austin to Redmond as head of Turn 10 Studios, authors of the Forza Motorsport franchise.

Games

References

External links
Digital Anvil, Inc. page
Microsoft Games page

1996 establishments in Texas
2000 mergers and acquisitions
2006 disestablishments in Texas
American companies established in 1996
American companies disestablished in 2006
Companies based in Austin, Texas
Defunct companies based in Texas
Defunct video game companies of the United States
Former Microsoft subsidiaries
Video game companies based in Texas
Video game companies established in 1996
Video game companies disestablished in 2006
Video game development companies

Digital Anvil


Byron Sunderland (November 22, 1819 – June 30, 1901) was an American Presbyterian minister, author, and Chaplain of the United States Senate during the American Civil War.

Biography
Sunderland was born on November 22, 1819, to Asa and Olive (Wolcott) Sunderland in the town of Shoreham, Vermont. Both of his grandfathers served in the American Revolutionary War. After spending his childhood in Shoreham, he attended Middlebury College a few miles away and graduated from there in 1838, later receiving a D.D. in 1855 from the same school. He taught for some time before attending the Union Theological Seminary in the City of New York.

In 1843, Sunderland became pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Batavia, New York. By 1851 he had become pastor-elect of the Park Presbyterian Church in Syracuse, New York before being called to the First Presbyterian Church in Washington, D.C.
In 1853, Sunderland began a distinguished 45-year tenure as senior pastor at the First Presbyterian Church in Washington. In 1857, he began to preach in favor of the abolition of slavery, a courageous act in a city that was essentially a conservative Southern town. A further courageous act was allowing Frederick Douglass to speak from the pulpit in 1866.

Sunderland was appointed to the office of Chaplain of the Senate in 1861, serving for three years. He resigned in 1864 to accept the post of Pastor of the American Chapel in Paris, France. He served in that position from September 1864 until October 1865, when he returned to Washington to resume his duties as Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church. Following his return to Washington, he also served several terms as chaplain of the US House of Representatives and the US Senate.  He served as the president of Howard University from 1867 to 1869, and on the first board of directors of Gallaudet College in Washington. He retired from his pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church in Washington in 1898, becoming pastor emeritus for life.

When Grover Cleveland was elected president, he began attending Sunderland's church.

On June 2, 1886, in the Blue Room of the White House Sunderland performed the marriage service for the wedding of President Grover Cleveland and Frances Cornelia Folsom, the daughter of Cleveland's former law partner. It was the only time that a president has been married in the White House.

Sunderland served on the executive committee of the American Colonization Society.

Sunderland died of a cerebral embolism at the home of his daughter and son-in-law, Rosalie and Orrin Day, in Catskill, New York on June 30, 1901, his wife, Mary Elizabeth Tomlinson Sunderland, having predeceased him in 1896. He left his estate to the only one of his three children to survive him, Rosalie Day, with instructions to "transmit some suitable token to all relatives and friends."

Works
Prelacy Discussed: Or, A Book for Batavians, 1848
Christian Life and Character of the Civil Institutions of the United States, developed in the official and historical annals of the Republic, Introduction written by Byron Sunderland, 1864
A Sketch of the Life of Dr. William Gunton, 1878
A Discourse by Rev. Dr. Byron Sunderland: On the Shooting of President Garfield at the Depot in Washington, Saturday Morning, July 2d, 1881, by Charles J. Guiteau : Delivered at the First Presbyterian Church, Washington, D.C., Sabbath Morning, July 3d, 1881, written with Charles J. Guiteau

Notes

New York Times story
Part of will from Washington Post via New York Times

References

External links

Discourse to Young Ladies - Sermon - January 22, 1857
The Sabbath Question - 1877
Byron Sunderland
Matthew Brady Photograph of Sunderland from National Archives
Joseph Wilson Cochran,

1819 births
1901 deaths
Presidents of Howard University
American Presbyterians
Chaplains of the United States Senate
Deaths from cerebral embolism
19th-century American clergy
Gallaudet University trustees

Byron Sunderland


The Yamaha SY85 is a digital music workstation introduced in 1992. Unlike other Yamaha synthesizers of the time (SY77 and the SY99) the SY85 does not use FM synthesis. Instead, its sounds are based on samples, which can be layered and modified to create new sounds.

User interface
The workstation features a 61-note velocity-sensitive keyboard with aftertouch, a double density 3.5" floppy drive, a two line, 40 character LCD display, and a nine-track MIDI sequencer. It is a multitimbral synthesizer with 30-note polyphony and full MIDI capabilities. In addition to pitch and modulation wheels, the SY85 features eight continuous sliders that can be used to adjust various settings in real time. These sliders also function as faders when using the built-in sequencer. The SY85 features two independent effects units, which can be run in series or in parallel, each in turn providing either a single effect or two effects in parallel or cascade mode.

Internal memory
The SY85's internal voice memory holds 256 voices in four 64 slot banks. These can be played individually or layered, up to four at a time. The keyboard can be split to allow different voices or combinations of voices to be played only in particular regions. Up to 128 of these layered combinations can be stored in internal memory as 'performances' in two banks with also 64 slots each. The SY85 also features velocity switching, the ability to switch between two samples based on the speed with which a key is depressed. Voices can also be treated with a variety of filters, including a high-pass filter, low-pass filter, band-pass filter, and a band-elimination/band-stop filter.

Sequencer
The sequencer features eight standard tracks and a dedicated rhythm track. The tracks can be recorded in real or step time and quantized to 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/12, 1/16, 1/24, and 1/32 values. The rhythm track is composed by combining any of 100 rhythm patterns, each of which can be edited independently. These patterns, however, are shared between songs. So changing a pattern will, for good or bad, change it in any song that uses it. The sequencer can store up to ten songs (20,000 notes, total) at a time.

External memory
Voice and sequencer data and samples can be loaded from or saved to 3.5" double-density floppy discs. Voices and performance combinations can also be loaded from or saved to Yamaha's proprietary MCD64 (64K RAM cards (one slot for such cards was provided, alongside one slot for a PCM 'waveform' ROM card). Yamaha and other manufacturers sold expansion sounds for the SY85 in both formats. The SY85 can also transmit and receive voice and sequencer data as MIDI sysex bulk dumps and load or send samples via the MIDI sample dump standard (SDS).

Optional expansion
As standard, 0.5MB of volatile user waveform RAM is provided, whose contents are lost when the device is switched off. It is expandable with one or two 512KB non-volatile, proprietary SYEMB06 RAM modules and up to 2MB of extra volatile RAM through standard SIMM modules. Users have reported using up to 8MB of volatile RAM successfully.

Rack-mount version: TG500
Yamaha also offered a rack-mount version of the SY85 called the TG500. It lacks the keyboard, sequencer, floppy drive and continuous sliders but adds additional outputs, a further card slot of each kind (for four slots in total) and 2MB of waveform ROM for 50 additional internal waveforms for a total of 8MB over the 6MB of the SY85. It has four banks of preset (i.e. non-modifiable) voices (i.e. 252 preset voices and four drum voices in total) and two banks of preset performances (128 total) and only two banks of internal, user-modifiable voices (126/2) and one bank of internal performances (64). The TG500 lacks the waveform RAM of the SY85, but can be expanded with one or two SYEMB06 non-volatile waveform RAM modules. It also features 64 note polyphony, being one of the first commercial synthesisers to do so.

Notable users
The SY85 has been used by Gary Barlow, and can also be seen in the film School of Rock. The TG500 was used by George Michael.

References

Further reading

External links
 Yamaha Product Archive
 YamahaForums UK - SY85 Downloads and User Forums
 Owners Manual (PDF)
 Feature Reference (PDF)
 SY85 Voices (Mac/PC)
 Description and sound examples of the SY85 at Deep Synthesis
 Description and sound examples of the TG500 at Synth Mania
 SY85 Sample and Sound Downloads
 Tg500 demo and review
 SY85 Mp3 demo, manual, review and manual

Music workstations
SY85
Polyphonic synthesizers
Digital synthesizers

Yamaha SY85


Get a Clue is a 2002 Disney Channel Original Movie starring Lindsay Lohan as Lexy Gold, a teenage high school student who investigates a mystery after one of her teachers goes missing. The film premiered on the Disney Channel on June 28, 2002. It was directed by Maggie Greenwald and was written by Alana Sanko.

Plot
Lexy Gold (Lindsay Lohan) lives amongst the wealthy and elite of Manhattan, New York. Clad in Prada, she prides herself on her ability to get the scoop and serve it up in her school newspaper's advice column. She competes for status on the newspaper with middle-class Jack Downey (Bug Hall), the editor. When an article and photograph Lexy has taken of her teacher, Mr. Orlando Walker (Ian Gomez), is published in the city's daily paper, he goes missing and his car is found in the East River. With help from Lexy's best friend Jen Hervey (Brenda Song) and one of her schoolmates Gabe (Ali Mukaddam), Lexy and Jack set out to solve the mystery behind the disappearance.

Their teacher, Miss Gertrude Dawson (Amanda Plummer), becomes involved as she and Mr. Walker were romantically involved. Jack receives a message from Mr. Walker about a scholarship. Lexy and Jack search his old apartment, where they run into Detective Charles Meany (Charles Shaughnessy), who is searching for Mr. Walker. Jen and Gabe watch Miss Dawson at Gabe's house with a video camera to keep an eye on her. Lexy and Jack later meet Mr. Walker's mother, Mrs. Petrossian (Sylvia Lennick), at her house. They discover that Mr. Walker changed his identity after being accused of stealing $10,000,000. Mr. Walker later receives a letter from the real person who stole the money, framing Mr. Walker.

The group and Mr. Walker meet at a hotel to pretend to receive the money. Miss Dawson shows up at the hotel and is taken hostage by the real thief. Lexy and Jack search the halls for the man, who is revealed to be Detective Meany, whose real name is Falco Grandville, Mr. Walker's boss when he worked at a bank in Arizona, and the man who had framed Mr. Walker for the money theft. The team catches up with him and he is later arrested. It is later revealed that Mr. Walker's mother found a brooch at Falco's office by chance and decided to keep it; Falco has purchased the expensive canary diamond brooch to hide the stolen $10 million, and blamed Walker for its loss. After Mr. Walker is pronounced a free man at last, he later asks Miss Dawson to marry him. At the end, it shows the wedding with Jack, Lexy, Jen, and Gabe. Jack and Lexy share a moment between themselves before the four teens walk down the street talking about going bowling.

Cast
 Lindsay Lohan as Alexandra "Lexy" Gold, a teenage amateur journalist.
 Brenda Song as Jennifer "Jen" Hervey, Lexy's fashion-conscious best friend.
 Bug Hall as Jack Downey, editor of the school newspaper.
 Ian Gomez as Nicholas Petrossian / Mr. Orlando Walker, one of Lexy's teachers.
 Ali Mukaddam as Gabe, an amateur photographer.
 Dan Lett as Frank Gold, Lexy's father, a journalist with the New York Times.
 Amanda Plummer as Miss Gertrude Dawson, a teacher who is in love with Mr. Walker.
 Charles Shaughnessy as Detective Charles Meany / Falco Grandville, the main antagonist of the film.
 Kim Roberts as Mrs. Stern
 Eric Fink as Mr. Goldblum
 Jennifer Pisana as Taylor Gold, Lexy's tech-savvy little sister.
 Sylvia Lennick as Mrs. Petrossian
 Cheryl MacInnis as Mrs. Somerville
 Timm Zemanek as Mr. Greenblatt
 Gerry Quigley as Detective Potter
 Craig Lamar Traylor (unconfirmed)
 Keenan MacWilliam as Karen

Production
Production began in May 2001. Get a Clue was written by Alana Sanko; the script was still unfinished by the time filming had begun. Maggie Greenwald was confirmed to direct and Lindsay Lohan was cast as Lexy Gold, ending her three-movie deal with The Walt Disney Company. The film was primarily filmed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with some of the exterior scenes filmed on location in Manhattan, New York. Millington Prep, the school Lexy and her friends attend, was filmed at Bishop Strachan School in Toronto.

The film was originally to be released in January 2002 as the Disney Channel Movie of the Month. A well-concealed reshoot took place in late 2001 to film a different ending concluding that the villain in the film was Meany. In the original ending, the villain turned out to be Mrs. Stern, a teacher at Lexy's school who had known Mr. Walker while he was living in Arizona. This ending was shown on the DVD (though the viewer has the option to watch either ending when the movie reaches 61 minutes, with the Mrs. Stern ending shown in a different aspect ratio than the rest of the movie). The film was heavily promoted and frequently re-aired during its initial summer. A song by the band Prozzak, "Get a Clue", appeared in the film and the music video was shown on Disney Channel at the time of its release. The name of the band was changed to "Simon and Milo", the characters depicted in the music video so their band name would not be associated with drugs.

Notes

External links

2002 television films
2002 films
2002 comedy films
2000s comedy mystery films
2000s English-language films
2000s high school films
2000s teen comedy films
American comedy mystery films
American comedy television films
American high school films
American teen comedy films
Disney Channel Original Movie films
Films directed by Maggie Greenwald
Films scored by David Mansfield
Films set in Manhattan
Films shot in New York City
Films shot in Toronto
Teen mystery films
2000s American films
English-language comedy mystery films
American mystery television films

Get a Clue


A crayfish party is a traditional summertime eating and drinking celebration in the Nordic countries. The tradition originated in Sweden, where a crayfish party is called a . The tradition has also spread to Finland via its Swedish-speaking population, and Norway.

Crayfish parties are generally held during August, a tradition that began because the crayfish harvest in Sweden was, for most of the 20th century, legally limited to the late summer. Nowadays, the  date in early August has no legal significance. Customary party accessories are novelty paper hats, paper tablecloths, paper lanterns (often depicting the Man in the Moon), and bibs.

 and other kinds of  are served, as well as beer, and traditional drinking songs () may be sung. The crayfish are boiled in salt water and seasoned with fresh dill – preferably "crown dill" harvested after the plant has flowered – then served cold and eaten with the fingers. Bread, mushroom pies, strong Västerbotten cheese, salads and other dishes are served buffet-style.

Spain
For more than 40 years, the town of Herrera de Pisuerga (Province of Palencia) has celebrated the  (Crayfish's National Festival). This is because this crustacean has always been part of the traditional gastronomy of the area. Since 2011, the town includes a "Swedish dinner" in its celebrations, during which the residents practice the Swedish tradition of a street dinner with paper lanterns and candles in true -style. For the inaugural Swedish dinner, the festival was honoured by the presence of a special guest, the First Secretary and Chancellor of Spain, Eva Boix.

References

Parties
Culture of Sweden
Swedish cuisine
Culture of Finland
Swedish folklore
Finnish folklore
National dishes
August events

Crayfish party


Sir Matthew Crooks Cameron,  (2 October 1822 – 25 June 1887) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1867 to 1878. He represented the riding of Toronto East. He served in the cabinet of the first Premier, John Sandfield Macdonald. After Macdonald's defeat in 1871, he became leader of the Conservative Party and served as Leader of the Opposition until his retirement from politics in 1878. After the legislature, he served as Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas until his death in 1887. In 1887 he was made a Knight Bachelor.

Background
He was born in Dundas in Upper Canada, during his studies at Upper Canada College, he lost one leg after a shooting accident. Cameron later articled in law, was called to the bar in 1849 and entered practice with William Henry Boulton in Toronto, Ontario. He was created a QC on 27 March 1863, and elected a bencher of the Law Society of Upper Canada in April 1871. In 1887, he was created a Knight Bachelor shortly before his death.

Politics
In 1859, he was elected to Toronto City Council to represent St James' Ward. Two years, later, in January 1861, he was defeated in his effort to become Mayor of Toronto, but later that year, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada for North Ontario. He was defeated in 1863 but was elected in an 1864 by-election when the incumbent, William McDougall, was forced to run for re-election after he was named to the executive council. Cameron was opposed to Confederation, preferring a legislative union. In 1867, he ran unsuccessfully in Ontario North in the federal election but was elected for Toronto East to the provincial legislature.

Cameron entered the Cabinet of Premier John Sandfield Macdonald in 1867 as Provincial Secretary and Registrar of Ontario.

In 1871, he became Commissioner of Crown Lands. With the defeat of the Macdonald government in the provincial election that December, Cameron became leader of the Ontario Conservative Party, but stepped down in 1878 to accept the appointment of Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas.

References

External links

1822 births
1887 deaths
Canadian Knights Bachelor
Canadian people of English descent
Canadian people of Scottish descent
Canadian King's Counsel
Judges in Ontario
Lawyers in Ontario
Leaders of the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario
Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from Canada West
People from Dundas, Ontario
Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario MPPs
Provincial Secretaries of Ontario
Upper Canada College alumni

Matthew Crooks Cameron


Josiah Butterfield (March 13, 1795 – March 3, 1871) was an early Mormon leader and member of the Presidency of the Seventy of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

Butterfield was born in Dunstable, Massachusetts, to parents Abel Butterfield & Mercy Heald, and married Polly Moulton on October 30, 1819. The couple spent the 1820s in Maine, where John F. Boynton and a missionary companion baptized him in 1833. Butterfield relocated to Kirtland, Ohio, in 1834, where he worked on the Kirtland Temple. There he also became a charter member (and stockholder) of the Kirtland Safety Society. He was set apart as one of the seven presidents of Seventy on April 6, 1837. He functioned simultaneously as a member of the Kirtland High Council.

After Polly died on October 28, 1840, Butterfield married Margaret Lawrence, a mother of two daughters. Shortly after this marriage, a conflict arose between Butterfield and Joseph Smith, Jr. over the Lawrence estate, from which Butterfield was set to benefit. Smith represented the two daughters' position. Smith wrote on March 28, 1843, that Butterfield "came to my house and insulted me so outrageously that I kicked him out of the house, across the yard, and into the street." Butterfield became disaffected and was excommunicated on October 7, 1844. Jedediah M. Grant took his place in the Presidency.

Butterfield was later rebaptized and received his endowment in the Nauvoo Temple on January 20, 1846, although he did not travel west with the Mormon pioneers. By 1853, he was on his way to California when he visited his nephew, Thomas Jefferson Butterfield (namesake of Butterfield Canyon) and founder of Herriman, Utah, at Fort Herriman and affirmed his continuing faith in Mormonism.

On his way to California, he met and married Clarinda Cram Walker in Salt Lake City, Utah, on March 27, 1853. They settled near Aromas, California, and had six children together. On May 1, 1865, Butterfield was baptized into the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints by Glaud Rodger in Watsonville, California. He died March 3, 1871, in Aromas, California.

References

1795 births
1871 deaths
American members of the Community of Christ
Converts to Mormonism
People from Dunstable, Massachusetts
Presidents of the Seventy (LDS Church)
Leaders in the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)
Doctrine and Covenants people
People excommunicated by the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints)
Religious leaders from Massachusetts

Josiah Butterfield


The Arabian warbler (Curruca leucomelaena), also known as Red Sea warbler or Blandford's warbler, is a species of Old World warbler in the family Sylviidae.
It is found in Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Jordan, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, and Yemen. Its natural habitat is dry savanna country where it is often found in patches of Acacia.

Taxonomy
Four subspecies are recognised; C. l. negevensis, from the Arava Valley in Israel and Jordan; C. l. leucomelaena, from northwestern Saudi Arabia southward to Yemen and then eastward to Oman; C. l. blanfordi, from southeastern Egypt to southeastern Eritrea; and C. l. somaliensis, from Djibouti and northern Somalia.

Description
The Arabian warbler is a large member of its genus, with a length of about . It has an upright posture, relatively short, rounded wings and a long, graduated tail which it characteristically flicks downwards. The male has a white eye-ring, a blackish-brown hood and tail, greyish-brown upper parts, a whitish throat and pale grey underparts. The female is similar but the hood and tail are chocolate brown and the eye ring is less conspicuous. The song, normally uttered only by the male, is a short melodious, thrush-like bubbling warble, usually sung from an elevated perch, but sometimes sung from cover. The alarm call is a series of quiet "chack"s.

Behaviour
The Arabian warbler forages for insects and small arthropods, and also feeds on berries. Breeding takes place in the spring and there are often two or more broods. In Israel nesting takes place between February and mid-June. This bird is found in arid savannah country where it is particularly associated with Acacia groves.

Status
The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed the conservation status of the Arabian warbler as being of "least concern". It has a wide range and is a fairly common species in the African part of its range although rather local in its occurrence. The population trend may be downwards, but it is not declining at such a rate as to warrant listing it in a more threatened category.

References

Arabian warbler
Arabian warbler
Arabian warbler
Curruca
Birds described in 1833
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Taxa named by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg
Taxa named by Wilhelm Hemprich

Arabian warbler


Sir Humphrey Forster, 2nd Baronet  (c. 1649 – December 1711) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1677 and 1695.

Forster was the son of William Forster of Aldermaston House and his wife Elizabeth Tyrell, daughter of Sir John Tyrell of Heron, Essex. He was grandson of Sir Humphrey Forster, 1st Baronet (of Aldermaston). He succeeded to this Baronetcy and the Aldermaston manor and leased rectory on the death of his grandfather in 1663, his father having died in 1661.

In 1677, Forster was elected Member of Parliament for Berkshire in a by-election to the Cavalier Parliament.  He was re-elected MP for Berkshire in the first election of 1679 but not in the second. He was elected MP for Berkshire again in 1685. and then in 1690 and 1695. He was Sheriff of Berkshire in 1704 and knighted around the same time.

Forster died at the age of about 62, when the Baronetcy became extinct and is buried in the church of St Aidan with his distant ancestors who received the earlier Forster baronetcy in Bamburgh, Northumberland and who held Bamburgh Castle for two centuries until the English Civil War.

Sir Humphrey Forster, 1st Bt.
Humphrey Forster (c.1595-1663), son of Sir William Forster (died 1618), K.B., of Aldermaston and Sheriff of Berks, 1607. He married, circa 1616, Anne, daughter of Sir William Kingsmill, of Sydmonton, Hampshire. Sheriff of Berkshire, 1619-1620, and created baronet, 20 May 1620. Royalist and a compounder for £1,000.
In 1649 his sister Mary (died 1668) married as her third or fourth husband the celebrated Elias Ashmole.

Other Forster ancestors
Sir Humphrey Forster (died 1500), of Harpenden = Alice, daughter of Sir Stephen Popham (MP for Hampshire: 1420, 1423,1425, 1431, 1442);
Sir George Forster , K.B. (died 1533) = Elizabeth (died 1526) daughter and heir of John Delamere (De la Mare), of Aldermaston;
Sir Humphrey Forster , Kt (died 1555). Sheriff of Berks, 1532 and 1545 = Elizabeth, daughter of William, Lord Sandys, of the Vine;
William Forster  (died 1574). Sheriff of Berkshire, 1567 = Jane, daughter of Sir Anthony Hungerford, Kt of Down Ampney;
Sir Humphrey Forster , Kt. (died 1601). Sheriff of Berks, 1579 and 1592 = Margaret, daughter of John Barrett of Stanford Dingley (kinsman of Lord Barrett of Newburgh);
Sir William Forster, Kt. (died 1618) = Mary (died 1661), daughter of Sir Mark Steward (Stewart) of Stuntney, the Isle of Ely (died 1604), by Anna, daughter of Robert Huicke, physician to Queen Elizabeth. Sometime MP, he was in the service of Sir William Paulet, 3rd Marquess of Winchester.

Aldermaston legacy

His largest estate left the related Achard-Forster families in whose hands it had been since a 12th-century grant by Henry I of England in 1762, when it passed into a family due to a marriage, the Congreve family of the manor house, Congreve, Penkridge, Staffordshire. The estate had to be sold on a bankruptcy (following fire) and has been more than halved with a rebuilt manor house in Elizabethan style.

Forster married at St. Margaret's, Westminster on 26 November 1672,  Judith, daughter of Sir Humphrey Winch, 1st Baronet and his wife Rebecca Browne, daughter of Martin Browne, Alderman of London.

Early in the 17th century the family funded a vestry south of the Church of St Mary the Virgin, Aldermaston and their own memorial vault beneath this.  Four polished marble slabs in the floor commemorate:

Humphrey's daughter, Rebekah, d. age 12 in 1676.
Ann, daughter of William Forster, d. in infancy in 1664.
John Forster, d. 1674
Humphrey's mother, Lady Anne Forster, d. 1673.

On the south wall of the chancel are two stone slabs and lengthy family tablet from the vault entry, transcribed into the county history of 1923.

References

1649 births
1711 deaths
Baronets in the Baronetage of England
Members of the Parliament of England for Berkshire
English MPs 1661–1679
English MPs 1679
English MPs 1685–1687
English MPs 1690–1695
English MPs 1695–1698
People from Aldermaston
High Sheriffs of Berkshire

Sir Humphrey Forster, 2nd Baronet


Dr Andrew Mackay FRSE LLD (1760–1809) was a Scottish mathematician and astronomer, known as a teacher of navigation.

Life
He lived in Aberdeen, where he was in October 1781, appointed unsalaried keeper of the observatory on the Castle hill. There he made calculated the latitude and longitude of his native town (see infra). He was awarded an honorary doctorate (LLD) by Aberdeen University in 1786. In 1793, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Dugald Stewart, Dr James Gregory, and John Playfair.

He was also an honorary member of the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle-on-Tyne, and mathematical examiner to the corporation of Trinity House (1805–9) and to the East India Company.

In his later years Mackay took pupils in London at his house in George Street, Trinity Square; he taught mathematics and natural philosophy, navigation, architecture, and engineering.

He died in London on 3 August 1809, leaving a widow and children, and was buried in Allhallows Churchyard in Barking.

Works
Mackay contributed to the theory of navigation, and was a calculator of mathematical tables. His main works are:
 The Theory and Practice of finding the Longitude at Sea or on Land: to which are added various Methods of Determining the Latitude of a Place by Variation of the Compass: with new Tables, published by subscription, 1793, 2 vols.; 2nd edit., with author's portrait, 1801; 3rd edit. 1810. In this work is given an account of a new method of finding the longitude and latitude of a ship at sea, together with the apparent time, from the same set of observations; for which the author had received the thanks of the boards of longitude of England and France.
 A Collection of Mathematical Tables, 1804.
 The Complete Navigator, 1804; 2nd edit. 1810. The preface contains criticisms of the books on navigation then in current use.

Other works are:
 A Comparison of different Methods of Solving Halley's Problem.
 Description and Use of the Sliding Rule in Arithmetic and in the Mensuration of Surfaces and Solids, &c., 1799; 2nd edit. 1806.
 The Commencement of the Nineteenth Century determined upon unerring Principles, Aberdeen, 1800. The object of this tract was to explain that the century began on 1 January 1800 and not on 1 January 1801.
 Description and Use of the Sliding Gunter in Navigation, Aberdeen, 1802; 2nd edit. Leith, 1812, edited by Alexander Ingram, with portrait of author prefixed.

He also contributed articles to the Encyclopædia Britannica, third edition (1797), on "Navigation", "Parallax", "Pendulum", "Projection of the Sphere", "Shipbuilding", and (naval) "Tactics"; and he was a contributor to Rees's Cyclopædia. He published a paper on the latitude and longitude of Aberdeen in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, vol. iv. Examples of Mackay as a computer are in the Scriptores Logarithmici of Francis Maseres, vol. vi.

References

Attribution

1760 births
1809 deaths
Scottish mathematicians
Scottish educators
People from Aberdeen
Writers from Aberdeen
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
British navigators
British East India Company people
18th-century Scottish people
19th-century Scottish people
18th-century Scottish educators
19th-century Scottish educators

Andrew Mackay (mathematician)


In the United Kingdom, a limited partnership consists of:

one or more persons called general partners, who are liable for all debts and obligations of the firm; and
one or more persons called limited partners, who contribute a sum/sums of money as capital, or property valued at a stated amount. Limited partners are not liable for the debts and obligations of the firm beyond the amount contributed.

Limited partners may not:
draw out or receive back any part of their contributions to the partnership during its lifetime; or
take part in the management of the business or have power to bind the firm.

If they do, they become liable for all the debts and obligations of the firm up to the amount drawn out or received back or incurred while taking part in the management, as the case may be.

Generally speaking, an individual or a legal body such as a company may be a partner in a limited partnership, either as a general or as a limited partner. A person cannot be both a general and a limited partner at the same time.

Registration process

A limited partnership must be registered under the Limited Partnerships Act 1907. To register, you must deliver a statement (Form LP5), signed by all the partners, to the Registrar of Companies. Partnerships whose principal place of business is situated [or proposed to be situated] in England and Wales should send their forms to the Cardiff office; those whose principal place of business is situated or proposed to be situated in Scotland to the Edinburgh office; and those whose principal place of business is situated or proposed to be situated in Northern Ireland to the Belfast office.

The information supplied on the form must include the following:

the firm's name;
the general nature of the business;
the address of the principal place of business;
the full name of each partner, listing general and limited partners separately;
the term (if any) for which the partnership is entered into;
the date of its commencement;
a statement that the partnership is limited and the description of every partner as such; and
the sum contributed by each limited partner, and whether it is paid in cash or otherwise.

If all these particulars are in order, the Registrar will issue a certificate of registration, subject to the acceptability of the name. The Registrar will advise against the use of any name which is the 'same as' the name of a limited company, other legal body, or another limited partnership already on the register. In addition, the names of limited partnerships are controlled by the Business Names Act 1985.

The general partners are responsible for the delivery of Forms LP5 and LP6 whether or not the preparation of the documents was delegated to accountants or to anyone else.

The Limited Partnerships Act 1907 provides for the imposition of penalties for various defaults in carrying out the requirements of the Acts and for failing to send to the Registrar the required forms.

Notice of any arrangement or transaction under which a general partner will become a limited partner in the firm must be advertised in the London, Edinburgh or Belfast Gazette, as the case may be. Notice must also be advertised in the Gazette of any arrangement or transaction under which a limited partner's share in the firm will be assigned to somebody else. Until this is done these arrangements or transactions have no effect.

Limit on the number of partners

A limited partnership may not normally consist of more than 20 persons. However, under section 717 of the Companies Act 1985 there are a number of exceptions to this rule, including:

a partnership carrying on practice as solicitors and consisting of persons each of whom is a solicitor;
a partnership carrying on practice as accountants where the partnership is eligible for appointment as a company auditor;
a partnership carrying on business as members of a recognised stock exchange and consisting of persons each of whom is a member of that exchange;
a partnership carrying on business as surveyors, auctioneers, valuers, estate agents, land agents, or estate managers and consisting of persons of whom at least three-quarters are members of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors and of whom not more than one-quarter are limited partners;
a partnership carrying on business as insurance brokers and consisting of persons each of whom is a registered insurance broker or an enrolled body corporate. (For the meaning of 'registered insurance broker' and 'enrolled body corporate' see section 29(1) of the Insurance Brokers (Registration) Act 1977.);and
a partnership which is a collective investment scheme the operator of which, or the manager of the investments of which, is an authorised person under Part IV of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 or a European Economic Area firm or a Treaty firm with permission under the Act to operate the scheme or manage the investments.

See also
Partnership

United Kingdom business law
Types of business entity
Partnerships

Limited partnerships in England and Wales


George Elliott Hagan (May 24, 1916 – December 26, 1990) was an American politician, businessman and farmer and a Democrat.

Early years and education
Hagan was born in Sylvania, Georgia and attended the University of Georgia in Athens.

Political career

Georgia General Assembly
He served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1939 to 1944, resigned from office to join the United States Army as a member of the Signal Corps for two years. Following the war, he was returned to the House in 1946 and served until his election to the Georgia Senate in 1950. Hagan was sworn in as a state senator in January 1951 and served one term, leaving office in 1953.

Between 1953 and 1960, Hagan served in numerous other state government positions and also worked in the insurance and financial planning industry and several agricultural pursuits. He served on the board of trustees for Tift College.

United States Congress
In 1960, Hagan challenged incumbent Congressman Prince H. Preston, Jr., a noted segregationist in the Democratic primary for Georgia's 1st congressional district. Preston narrowly prevailed in the actual popular vote (34,318 to 33,629), but under Georgia's election laws, Hagan defeated Preston on "county unit" votes by a margin of 26 to 18 and went on to win unopposed in the general election (the Georgia Republican Party being very weak at the time and fielded very few candidates, having not won a race for any congressional race since 1872). Preston would die only a month after the conclusion of his term in early 1973.

Hagan would serve six terms from the 87th United States Congress to the 92nd United States Congress. He ran unopposed in 1962, and faced minor Independent opposition in 1964, winning with 72%. In 1966, he was challenged in the Democratic primary by several opponents and was forced by Savannah State Sen. Frank Downing into a runoff. Hagan held off Downing by a margin of 53-47%. In the general election, he faced his first Republican opponent, Porter Carswell (1904-?) of Burke County, who held Hagan to a 58-42% margin. In 1968, he would face desultory opposition in the primary and defeated Savannah Republican State Senator and former Georgia Republican Party chairman Joe Tribble (1920–2003) by a 68-32% margin. He would dispatch another challenger in the 1970 Democratic primary by 2-to-1 and faced no Republican in the general election.

In 1972, former Hagan staffer and assistant Ronald 'Bo' Ginn would aggressively challenge his former boss in a spirited three-man primary. Holding Hagan to a 43-39% margin in the first round, Ginn would defeat Hagan by a margin of 55-45% in the runoff. Ginn would go on to win the general unopposed.

Later years
Hagan retired from active politics and returned to Sylvania and remained there until his death on December 26, 1990.

See also

References
 Retrieved on 2008-04-28

1916 births
1990 deaths
Democratic Party members of the Georgia House of Representatives
Democratic Party Georgia (U.S. state) state senators
United States Army soldiers
University of Georgia alumni
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Sylvania, Georgia
20th-century American politicians

G. Elliott Hagan


The Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal, I.P. (National Legal Medicine Institute) is a Portuguese government-owned organization under direct supervision of the Portuguese Ministry of the Justice, which provides forensic science services to the police forces and government agencies of Portugal. The national headquarters of the Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal are in Coimbra. Its main general branches are located in Coimbra, Lisbon and Porto, and are linked with the legal medicine departments at the University of Coimbra, University of Lisbon and University of Porto.

The institute has laboratories throughout the country, and provides scene-of-crime and forensic investigation staff. Its principal functions are to provide forensic pathology and related scientific services, clinical forensic medicine services, teaching and research.

External links
Official site

Law enforcement in Portugal
Forensics organizations
Medical and health organisations based in Portugal

Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal


Al-Abnāʾ () was a term that was used in pre-Islamic and early Islamic Yemen to refer to the descendants of Iranian soldiers who had intermarried with local Arab women in southern Arabia after its conquest by the Sasanian Iranian Empire. Sasanian Iranian troops were garrisoned in Sanaʽa and its surrounding regions following the Sasanian Iranian reconquest of Yemen from the Aksumite Ethiopian Empire in the 570s CE. Their leaders largely converted to Islam following the rise of Muhammad and were active in the early Muslim conflicts.

Etymology

According to a commentary on a poem Kitab al-Aghani by the 10th-century Arab historian Abu al-Faraj al-Isfahani, these people were up until this time referred to as banū al-aḥrār (, ) in Sanaʽa and as al-abnāʾ (, ) in the rest of Yemen. The names were defined as such due to a narration that told of a strong storm that hit ancient Yemen and revealed a stone inscription that stated, "Who rules Dhamar? Himyar the Good. Who rules Dhamar? The evil Abyssinians. Who rules Dhamar? The free Persians." A similar stone inscription was said to have been found underneath the Kaaba in pre-Islamic times.

History

The known history of the Al-Abnāʾ people covers their time between the Aksumite–Persian wars in the 6th century and the rise of Islam in the 7th century. It is unknown whether the community had maintained the practices of Zoroastrianism from Iran, or if they had been influenced by South Arabian paganism and local Christianity. The 9th/10th-century Muslim scholar al-Tabari states that Khurrah Khosraw, the fourth Sasanian governor of Yemen, was replaced by the governor Badhan during the reign of Khosrow II due to the former's excessive assimilation with the local Arab society.

The authority of the Sasanian governors of Yemen was reduced during the Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628; this conflict had coincided with the rise of Islam. The Sasanian leaders in Yemen, including Badhan, Fayruz al-Daylami and Wahb ibn Munabbih, responded favourably to the diplomatic missions sent by Muhammad, and had formally converted to Islam by 631. Following Badhan's death, his son Shahr replaced him as governor but was killed by the rebellious Al-Aswad Al-Ansi, who had claimed prophethood during the Ridda wars. Al-Aswad was later killed by Fayruz, who assumed his position as governor of Yemen. After that, Ghayth ibn Abd Yaghuth rebels, this time against al-abna' themselves, seeking their expulsion from the Arabian Peninsula. Dādawayh (), an al-abna' leader, was killed, while Fayruz al-Daylami and Jushnas (Gushnasp) managed to flee with their allies, and later defeated Ghayth ibn Abd Yaghuth. Fayruz al-Daylami and the abna' were later active in the fertile crescent and Yemen under Caliph Umar during the Second Ridda War.

The abna' retained their distinct identity during the Islamic period. Their nisba was al-Abnāwī (). These people were gradually absorbed into the local population and thus disappeared from records. Descendants of al-Abna' live in the al-Furs village in Wadi Rijam, al-Abna' village in Wadi al-Sir in Bani Hushish District and in Khulan al-Tyal, Bayt Baws and Bani Bahlul.

This title "al-abna'" may have been the root of the title "al-abna'" used to refer to the influential Persians of Baghdad in Abbasid period. The "abna'" recorded in some conflicts among Arabs of Khorasan in Umayyad period is not related to the abna' of Yemen.

See also
Kisra legend

References

Sources

History of Yemen
7th-century Islam
7th century in Yemen
Islamic history of Yemen
History of Sanaa
Military history of Yemen
People from the Sasanian Empire
Military history of the Sasanian Empire
Yemeni people of Iranian descent
People from Sanaa
Iran–Yemen relations
Women in pre-Islamic Arabia

Al-Abna'


Dominion: Storm Over Gift 3 is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed by Ion Storm, published by Eidos Interactive, and released for Microsoft Windows in 1998. The game was originally developed as a spin-off of the mech simulation game G-Nome by 7th Level. Ion Storm acquired both Dominion and its lead designer, Todd Porter, from 7th Level for completion.

Gameplay
One aspect of the design of the game is that the races are not "equal": Darken forces are sturdier, but are slower to build; Scorp forces cost much less to manufacture, but are weaker than the other races; Merc soldiers are more difficult to control, but are more accurate when firing; and the Humans are a balance of all features.  In addition, each race also gets one weapon type unique unto itself: Darken has a "cloaker" vehicle - which renders other vehicles invisible; the Mercs have the Widow Maker, which converts enemy towers and tanks into allies; the Humans have the M-Cat, which freezes any opponents' machinery from firing; and the Scorps have a Digger - an underground transport to deliver up to six men anywhere visible on the playing field.  Each of these vehicles are extremely fragile - an infantryman with a rifle can destroy it in one shot if not well protected.

There are a set of twelve missions (a campaign) for each of the races, where the computer opponent has the next level up in armaments, men or machines.  For instance, when the player has light infantry and machine gun towers, then the computer opponent will have bazookamen and rocket towers.  There is a list of objectives to complete a mission, some requires the performing of certain tasks, such as recapture a fallen base or rescue a leader from prison, others to merely wipe out the opponent completely.

Multiplayer
There is a full eight player multiplayer mode that can be hosted for other players. There are four built-in connection types, serial, modem, IPX and TCP/IP for direct play. Like other real-time strategy games the multiplayer options can be set to have high or low resources and slow to fast speed. MPlayer.com was launched with Dominion and installed from the start.

Plot

The game takes place on the fictitious planet of Gift 3 where war has broken out between four different races: the Scorps, Darkens, Mercs and Humans. The setting is shared with G-Nome.

Development

Dominion was first developed by Todd Porter and Jerry O'Flaherty's company Distant Thunder, which was sold to 7th Level in February 1995. Distant Thunder made G-Nome which 7th Level published in 1996, which sold poorly and was met with mixed reviews. Porter and O'Flaherty started Dominion, a spinoff of G-Nome at 7th level before leaving, and John Romero hired them to start Ion Storm. Porter wished to make the game Doppelganger at Ion Storm, but heard that 7th Level had Dominion up for sale in 1997 because it was leaving the industry. Ion Storm unanimously voted in August 1997 to buy Dominion for $1.8m dollars from 7th Level, to "burn" one of the six game "options" that Ion Storm had contracted with Eidos, as part of a royalty deal, but Porter thought the game was "a top-10 product" that could sell 500,000 copies. It was renamed Dominion Storm and later Dominion: Storm Over Gift 3. Porter told Ion Storm the game would take six weeks to finish but hired an expensive full-time team out of ex-7th Level people.

The game employs a voxel-based graphics engine.

In October 1997 other top members of Ion Storm thought of firing Porter because the game was running over schedule and budget, but Romero vetoed it. The team hoped to make it for under $3 million, but it had cost more than that by December 1997, six months before release. Porter became CEO of Ion Storm and the Dallas Observer said "He turned down a deal with Compaq computers that would have paid ION 75 cents to $1 for every Compaq computer sold with Dominion preinstalled, and would have guaranteed Ion a minimum of $1.5 million." Porter said that RTS games in 1997 "were a pretty disappointing lot" besides Age of Empires, since they "didn't really feel much like the old real-time strategy", but he thought Dominion was more like oldschool games in the genre. The game was designed to have a simple interface because Porter thought that RTS games had gotten too complex, and Porter said that the interface would probably be borrowed by other games. It was released as Ion Storm's debut title in June 1998, to poor sales - with possibly less than 24,000 copies sold in four months.

Soundtrack
Dominion features an electronic soundtrack by Will Loconto; the tracks vary between dark spacey atmospheres and classic 90s style video-game-themed techno/electro.

Reception

The game received mixed reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. Next Generation said that the game "should have shipped in a plain white box with 'Realtime Strategy Game' stamped on it."

The game sold poorly upon release. The Dallas Observer reported that "Dominion averaged 7,000 copies per month in the first four months it was on the shelves." In the United States, market tracking firm PC Data reported that its sales reached 9,952 units by the end of August 1998, for revenues of $367,600. This number rose to 14,000 units by November 30, 1998, which drew a total of $466,600 in revenue. GameSpy later declared Ion Storm's handling of the game one of the "25 Dumbest Moments in Gaming", noting that the game likely sold less than 10,000 copies.

The game was a runner-up for Computer Gaming Worlds 1998 "Coaster of the Year" award, which ultimately went to Jurassic Park: Trespasser. The staff wrote, "Ion Storm's initial release sailed like a lead balloon, complete with overhyped and ineffectual AI, 1995-era graphics, and a back story so bad that it had us wondering why we even briefly stopped playing StarCraft for this."

References

External links

1998 video games
Eidos Interactive games
Ion Storm games
Real-time strategy video games
Video game spin-offs
Video games developed in the United States
Video games with isometric graphics
Windows games
Windows-only games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
7th Level games

Dominion: Storm Over Gift 3


Kumbo, also known as Kimbo, is the second-largest city in the North West Province of Cameroon and the capital of Bui Division. It lies about 2000m above sea level and is situated approximately 110 km away from Bamenda (the provincial capital of the North West Province), on the Bamenda Highlands Ring Road. Kumbo has a population of 80,212 (at the 2005 Census) and is split into three distinctive hilly settlements of Tobin, Mbveh, and Squares. The town is known for horse racing (Tobin Stadium ) and traditional medicine, and also for its palace (Nso Palace), a market and two hospitals (Shisong Hospital  & Banso Baptist Hospital ). Kumbo is the capital city of the Nso Kingdom of the Nso people. The lingua franca is Lamnso but
Pidgin,
English,
Oku,
Djottin,
Fulfulde, French and
Hausa are spoken.

History
The first German settlers were Missionaries of the Sacred Heart who arrived in 1912 and established their mission in 1913.

In recent years, Kumbo has been a battleground in the ongoing Anglophone Crisis. In May and June 2021, the Cameroonian Army carried out "Operation Bui Clean" to expel Ambazonian separatists from the city and its surroundings. The battles in Kumbo saw both sides suffer heavy casualties.

Places of interest

Musa Heritage Gallery (or Mus'Art Gallery)

The Musa Heritage Gallery  museum also known as "The Grassfields Museum" was created in 1996, in memory of Cameroonian artists Daniel Kanjo Musa and his elder son, John, to preserve wood sculptures created by these departed artists. Over the years, Mus'Art has been expanding to diversify its collection. Among the 400 objects and works of art exhibited, visitors can admire carved masks, wood statues and other objects made by the Musas between 1970 and 2000. There are other objects collected from the grass-fields, such as traditional musical instruments, hunting gadgets, metal works, bamboo objects and pottery. Temporary exhibitions are also sometimes proposed.

Mus'Art Gallery's motto is "Discover, Learn, Preserve."

Mus'Art Gallery's mission:
-Propagate Nso' cultural Mus'Art Gallery's mission:heritage;
-Preserve in response to the loss of the precious art objects so the art of the past is
not lost to the region;

-support the arts and crafts of the Western Grass-fields of Cameroon;
-highlight the excellence and diversity of regional artists, past and present, so these
may become known nationally and internationally;
-make the arts and crafts of this region of Cameroon known publicly in Cameroon
and internationally.

During the past sixteen years the Mus'Art Gallery has been active in propagating the Nso' cultural heritage. The museum has been at the forefront of promoting Nso' traditional artistry and craftsmanship. Mus'Art Gallery has a collection of over 400
objects most of which were created between 1970 and 2000. These varied and diverse objects range from bamboo work to wood carvings, basketry to pottery.

The museum continues to acquire contemporary Cameroonian arts and crafts while maintaining a major focus on the Western Grass-fields region. This region is internationally renowned for having produced masterpieces of African art.

Unfortunately these objects were appropriated by colonial missionaries and officers and removed from their place of origin to museums in Europe or the United States of America. Masterpieces of Grass-fields art are today in foreign museums and it is
most likely they will never be returned. The statue of Ngonnso' founder the Nso' kingdom is kept in a museum in Germany. In Nso' there is an outcry for this statue to be returned to its people.

The museum continues to acquire contemporary Cameroonian arts and crafts while maintaining a major focus on the Western Grass-fields region. This region is internationally renowned for having produced masterpieces of African art.

The Fon's Palace

Seat of the paramount chief of the Nso people (Sehm Mbinglo I), this place is the heart of Kumbo social and cultural life. It is composed of several traditional buildings decorated with wood carvings, around two courtyards where the Fon uses to sit and receive his people or his advisers. There is a statue of Ngonso, the legendary first queen of the Nso people. Around the palace, other traditional buildings are also decorated with wood carvings. They are the seats of the sacred societies in charge to help the Fon in his task : the Ngwerong society and the Nggiri society. A mosque was built next to them, although most of Nso people are Christians.

The Cathedral

Built in the 1950s, Kumbo Cathedral is constructed entirely from stones. The Cathedral is located at the top of the square hill, dominating the town's landscape. The Cathedral is the seat of the Bishop since its creation in 1983. The current bishop of Kumbo is George Nkuo (ordained on 8 July 2006). Prior to that, Bishop Cornelius Fontem Esua served the Diocese of Kumbo from 10 September 1982 to 7 December 2004.

Horse riding

The origin of horse racing in Kumbo was influenced by The Mbororos, a nomadic tribe of cattle breeders originally from the west and north-west Central African Republic with a settlement in the Bamenda plateau grasslands.  An integral part of Mbororos culture is horse racing. Through their influence, there is a famous annual horse race which takes place at the Tobin Municipal Stadium organised by the Ministry of Youths and Sports.

The Mbve market

The Mbve market is the main market in Kumbo selling products from the region, Cameroon, Nigeria and other parts of Africa.

References

Kumbo Council

Communes of Northwest Region (Cameroon)

Kumbo


Slovak names consist of a given name and a family name (surname). Slovakia uses the Western name order with the given name first and the surname last, although there is a historical tradition to reverse this order, especially in official context (like in administrative papers and legal documents) as well as on gravestones and memorials.

Most Slovaks do not have a middle name. The family name forms for males and females are distinct in Slovakia, making it possible to identify gender from the name alone. As of 2003 there were 185,288 different family names in use among 5.4 million Slovaks, or one family name for every 29 citizens. There is an estimated 90,000 lineages in Slovakia. With marriage, the bride typically adopts the bridegroom's surname. Slovak names are very similar to Czech names.

The most common Slovak given name are Jozef (male) and Mária (female); the most common family name in Slovakia is Horváth (male) and Horváthová (female).

Given names

Given names in Slovakia are called baptismal names () even though today they are completely separate from the Christian baptismal names. Proper baptismal names given during infant baptism are still common in the countryside, yet they are only seldom used within the official name (if they are, they form the person's middle name). Generally, names in Slovakia can be of several distinct origins:
 Slavic names of pre-Christian origin (e.g. Dobromil)
 Christian names often inspired by saints (e.g. Vojtech)
 Names of past kings and rulers (e.g. Ladislav)
 Modern names (e.g. Lukas)
 Names of ethnic minorities living in Slovakia (e.g. Béla)

Traditionally, it was common to choose a given name for the newborn from within the family; grandfather and grandmother names being particularly popular. While this is no longer as common as in the past, it is still widely practiced especially in the rural areas.

Many Slovak given names, like in most other Slavic naming systems, have a diminutive and shorter version, which is used in an informal context. For example, the diminutive of Slavomír is Slavo, of Vojtech — Vojto, of Alexandra — Saša, etc. Sometimes these diminutive names become independent and "official" given names. Some older, traditional given names have distinct shortened forms, quite different from the original, for example Štefan — Victor, Pišta, etc. These traditional shortened forms are becoming quite rare in everyday usage.

Surnames

Surnames differ according to gender. Generally feminine form is created by adding suffix "ová" to the masculine form. In some cases a "y"/"ý" at the end of a masculine name is replaced with an "á".  Feminine names almost always end in "á" while masculine names almost never do. Note that á is a different character from a. For example, Bača is a masculine form while Bačová would be feminine.  Because Slovakia also has people with Hungarian, German, and other ancestors, some surnames in Slovakia will follow the convention of those languages and not conform to these norms.

Some popular surnames include:

 derived from professions:

Kováč – smith,
Mlynár – miller,
Bača – shepherd,
Rybár – fisher,
Kráľ – king,
Pekár – baker,
Kuchár – cook,
Mäsiar – butcher,
Holič – barber,
Maliar – painter,
Kľúčiar – key maker,
Mečiar – sword maker,
Sklenár – glass maker.

 derived from adjectives:

Čierny – black,
Biely – white,
Suchý – dry,
Mokrý – wet,
Slaný – salty,
Smutný – sad,
Šťastný – happy/lucky,
Malý – small,
Široký – wide,
Tichý – quiet,
Surový – raw.

 other:

Koreň – root,
Chren – horseradish,
Repa – beet,
Slanina – bacon,
Polievka – soup,
Cibuľka – little onion,
Malina – raspberry,
Dobrovodský – good water,
Holub – pigeon,
Chrobák – beetle,
Komár – mosquito,
Medvedík – little bear,
Koleno – knee,
Mráz – frost,
Okienka – little window,
Otčenáš – our father (as in the "Our Father" prayer),
Bezdeda – without a grandpa,
Dolina – valley,
Kocur – tom cat.

See also
 Slavic surnames
 Name days in Slovakia
 Czech name
 Slovak identity card

References

External links
 Czech and Slovak given names

Names by culture
Slavic-language names
Culture of Slovakia

Slovak name


Parentification occurs when a child in a family has to take on the role of an adult. This usually happens when one or both of the parents are unable to take care of themselves because of a disability, so the child becomes their caregiver. It could also be due to the child having to care for younger siblings, or disabled siblings, while their parents are at work.

In some situations where there is abuse in the family, a child might also become the emotional caregiver of a parent, supporting them through traumatic incidents and even protecting them.

Parentification is very damaging for a child, who ends up missing out on having a childhood.

References

Human life stages

Parentification


The Open Fuel Standard Coalition is a bipartisan group in the United States actively working for passage of H.R. 1687, the "Open Fuel Standard Act of 2011." The OFS Coalition views this legislation as the solution to the current energy crisis by the implementing of alternative energy sources into our fuel transportation market sector, thereby breaking our dependence on foreign oil. Specifically, by implementing H.R. 1687, the Open Fuel Standard Act of 2011 all vehicles sold in the US will have to either operate on mixed fuels, containing 85 percent ethanol, methanol, biodiesel, or any other alternative energy source.

Purpose
The open fuel standard will create incentive to promote and invest in the emerging market of ethanol, methanol, biodiesel, and any other alternative fuel. Vehicles with these alternative fuel engines will re-energize our economy and create new jobs here in the U.S. Comparatively, mixed fuels produce less carbon emissions as well as beating the price of oil three to one. The technology and resources are already available for flex-fuel cars, but the availability and access to pumps is scarce. By manufacturing flex-fuel cars, gas stations can create new revenue by adding mixed fuel pumps that offer low cost alternative to gasoline. However, the first step is allowing a demand by opening up the market to producing more flex fuel and alternative fueled cars.
Our foreign competitors, including China and Brazil have already successfully implemented similar regulations on auto industries selling cars in their countries resulting in tremendous success and new manufacturing plants in both China and Brazil. The U.S. cannot stay competitive as we fall behind in the investments of alternative energy and auto industries take their business abroad.

Goal
The goal of the OFS coalition is to pass H.R. 1687, the "Open Fuel Standard Act of 2011" in the 112th United States Congress and generate pressures on the administration and federal departments to take further action.  The OFS Coalition is assisting in providing information about the open fuel standard in an effort to educate Members of the United States Congress, while successfully engaging with various groups to promote the tactical purposes of the open fuel standard and draw attention and support of key Members of Congress.

A web site has been created by the Open Fuel Standard Coalition to help keep interested parties informed about the Open Fuel Standard Act. The purpose of OpenFuelStandard.org is to provide information to citizens who want to help the Open Fuel Standard Act become law.
1. Practical actions you can take that will help pass the Open Fuel Standard Act of 2011.
2. Information to further educate you on the Open Fuel Standard.
3. Posts you can forward to your friends and family to educate them about the Open Fuel Standard.

Reasons for the Open Fuel Standard
1. Save money. It will bring down gas prices at the pump. The main reason gas is so expensive is that OPEC deliberately lowers its production to raise the price of oil, and we have no real fuel choice at the pump. It is all made of oil. So when OPEC reduces its production and makes oil more expensive, we have no other choice — we must pay it. OPEC knows this, and takes advantage of its leverage. Fuel choice at the pump will be the end of a long-running monopoly.

2. Healthier. The fumes from burning alcohol and other alternatives are less toxic than the fumes from burning gasoline — considerably less toxic to humans and other living things.

3. Better economy. It will generate jobs in the United States. Americans will be building fuel-processing plants, fuel stations, growing the raw materials to make methanol from biomass, growing crops to make ethanol, inventing new kinds of other alternative fuels, and coming up with new ways to make fuel from waste products. American ingenuity will have a field day.

4. Safer. Alcohol is less flammable than gasoline, and therefore less dangerous (less likely to explode). Alcohol burns cooler than gasoline, too, which also makes it less dangerous.

5. Cooler. Alcohol fuels will put less carbon into the air. To drill for oil, you're taking carbon out from underneath the surface of the earth and burning it, adding carbon to the air that wasn't already there. But to make ethanol and methanol, you use plant material. So the plant pulls carbon out of the air, and then when it is burned as fuel, it returns the same carbon back into the air.

6. Expensive. Manufacturing a car with flex-fuel capability adds to the price of a car. It comprises many relatively small tweaks, usually adding around one hundred dollars to the cost (not the price) of a new car.  Typically, it requires all metal components within the fuel system to be changed to stainless steel and all hoses and o-rings require the substitution of specialist ethanol and methanol-resistant fluoroelastomers

7. Cheaper. It doesn't cost the federal government any money.

8. Environmentally friendly. An "alcohol spill" would not be a disaster like an oil spill. Alcohol dissolves in water and is readily consumed by bacteria. Within a few days of an Exxon-sized ethanol or methanol spill, the ocean would be back to normal.

9. Security. The fuel competition at the pump will reduce the amount of money going to regimes hostile to America (and hostile to their own populations). These regimes are dangerous for the world, and their enormous revenues give them power and influence around the world. Democracies would be better off if those regimes didn't have their inexhaustible wealth to wield.

10. Freedom. The bill requires 95 percent of cars to be capable of burning any alternative fuel by 2017, leaving the choice up to the automaker. Because the Open Fuel Standard Act of 2011 does not pick a winner, every alternative fuel can compete against gasoline, thereby allowing consumer choice. Cars could be electric, hydrogen, natural gas, bio-diesel, or any other non-gasoline alternative and qualify under the Act. This is the only technology-neutral bill, meaning that it doesn't favor any particular option and allows the market to decide which innovative solution will win out.

References

Sustainable energy
Political organizations based in the United States

Open Fuel Standard Coalition


Oscar Borisovich Feltsman (Ukrainian & ; ; 18 February 1921 – 3 February 2013) was a Ukrainian-born composer of Lithuanian Jewish descent. He was the father of Vladimir Feltsman.

Biography
Feltsman was born in Odesa, the son of Boris Osipovich Feltsman, a Lithuanian Jewish orthopedic surgeon who also played the piano professionally. He had musical training from the age of five; learning the violin as a pupil of Pyotr Stolyarsky and the piano with Bertha Reynbald, who also taught Emil Gilels and Tatiana Goldfarb. He produced his first musical composition for the piano "Autumn" when he was six years old.

Feltsman graduated from the Pyotr Stolyarsky Music School in Odesa in 1939, where he studied composition with the composer Nikolai Vilinsky.  Then Feltsman was admitted to the Moscow Conservatory, studying under Vissarion Shebalin who wrote a letter of thanks on behalf of the Moscow Conservatory to Vilinsky for teaching Feltsman composition.

During the Second World War, Feltsman was evacuated to Novosibirsk, becoming at 20 the executive secretary of the Siberian Union of Composers, where he wrote music for the philharmonic, Leningrad Alexandrinsky Theater and the Jewish theater of Belarus. In the same period Feltsman wrote an operetta based on Valentin Kataev's play "Blue Scarf", which was criticised in the newspaper "Pravda". In 1941, Oscar Feltsman married Evgenia Kaydanovskaya  a student of the choral conducting faculty of the Moscow Conservatory. He returned to Moscow from Novisibirsk in 1945.

Starting with musical comedies at the beginning of his career, Feltsman subsequently combined producing traditional classical music with writing music for circuses and children's variety shows. After around 1952 Feltsman started to write popular songs and later on produced a number of popular songs. The first of these was Cruise based on poems by B. Dragunsky and L. Davidovich and performed by Leonid Utyosov as well as Convallarias which was based on poetry by Olga Fadeeva.

In 1948, at the Operetta Theatre in Moscow his musical comedy Air castle was premiered and in 1952, were two further premieres - at the Operetta Theater Suvorochka and at the Stanislavsky Theater Mediterranean Sea Make a Noise. Around this time Feltsman also began to write music for Circuses and children's variety shows, staged by Natalia Sats. Also in 1952, Feltsman wrote his Violin Concerto in three parts. Thereafter he wrote a few songs - the first of these was Cruise based on poems by B. Dragunsky and L. Davidovich and performed by Leonid Utyosov. Feltsman subsequently went on to collaborate with a number of prominent Russian poets including Andrey Voznesensky, Rasul Gamzatov, Eugene Dolmatovsky, Mihail Matusovsky, I. Kohanovsky, Mark Lisyansky, Lev Oshanin, Robert Rozhdestvensky, V. Kharitonov, Igor Shaferan, M. Tanich, V. Orlov, N. Olev, M. Ryabinin. His music has been performed by notable singers including L. Utesov, Mark Bernes, Vladimir Troshin, Joseph Kobzon, Muslim Magomaev, Edita Piekha, Eduard Khil, V. Tolkunova, Yuri Gulyaev, G. Ots, Lev Leshchenko, O. Anofriev, M. Pahomenko, & Leonid Serebrennikov. In 1968, he co-writes a song "Ogromnoe nebo".

His most popular song was "Lilies of the Valley" («Ландыши»), written to verse by Olga Fadeeva (ru) and sung by Gelena Velikanova at its première.

In 1973, Feltsman wrote music for the plays Charley's Aunt, The Old Houses and Let the Guitar Play. In the mid-1980s, Feltsman arranged concerts for the instrumental ensemble The Lights of Moscow with soloist Irina Allegrova before handing over to David Tuhmanov after two successful years.

In 1987, Feltsman wrote his vocal cycle Songs of Bygone, based on Jewish folk songs and produced the book Songs of Bygone
In the late 1990s Feltsman wrote 12 songs based on poetry by Yuri Garin which was performed in Odesa to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the city.

Feltsman wrote a number of chamber works: Ten romances on the poems of Inna Lisnyanskaya, The cycle of romances on the poetry of Marina Tsvetaeva, The cycle of songs on poems Hayyim Nahman Bialik.

He died, aged 91, in Moscow.

Honours and awards
 Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 2nd class (2011), 3rd class (2006) and 4th class (2001)
 Order of Friendship (1996)
 Honoured Artist of the Chechen-Ingush Republic
 People's Artist of the RSFSR (1989)
 People's Artist of the Dagestan ASSR (1975)
 Honoured Artist of the RSFSR (1972)

References

External links

1921 births
2013 deaths
Musicians from Odesa
Odesa Jews
Jewish classical composers
Soviet composers
Soviet male composers
Russian male classical composers
Russian opera composers
Male opera composers
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class
People's Artists of the RSFSR
Honored Artists of the RSFSR
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
20th-century Russian male musicians
Moscow Conservatory alumni

Oscar Feltsman


Dead Son Rising is the sixteenth solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, released on 15 September 2011 by Mortal Records.

On 12 August 2011, The Quietus debuted a radio edit of the song "Dead Sun Rising" on their website. On 28 August 2011, the official Gary Numan website debuted a short "promo edit" of the video for the first single, "The Fall". After the album's release it spent only one week on the UK album charts, entering at number 87 but also reached number 5 in the German alternative albums chart.

Overview
Dead Son Rising grew out of a set of demos Numan had left over from previous projects, but as he explained: 'The original ideas that sparked off these songs are now barely visible. It's grown into another animal, something more experimental.'

The album was co-written and co-produced by Numan with Ade Fenton (Numan's collaborator on his 2006 album Jagged). The tracks "We Are The Lost" and "Dead Sun Rising" both contain elements from a sci-fi fantasy story Numan had been writing over the previous few years. The album also includes two instrumentals, "Resurrection" and "Into Battle", showcasing some of the soundtrack-type material that Numan and Fenton had been working on recently.

Track listing
All lyrics written by Gary Numan; all music composed by Gary Numan and Ade Fenton.

 "Resurrection" – 3:24
 "Big Noise Transmission" – 4:20
 "Dead Sun Rising" – 4:57
 "When the Sky Bleeds, He Will Come" – 4:47
 "For the Rest of My Life" – 5:03
 "Not the Love We Dream Of" – 5:10
 "The Fall" – 4:19
 "We Are the Lost" – 5:09
 "For the Rest of My Life (Reprise)" – 5:44
 "Into Battle" – 5:05
 "Not the Love We Dream Of (Piano Version)" – 4:52
 "Dead Sun Rising (Early Version)" (Bonus Track – Digital Only) – 5:53

An official remix, Dead Sun Rising (Grayed Out Mix), was also made available free online, and would later appear on the remix album Dead Moon Falling.

Song notes
"Big Noise Transmission" had the live working titles of "Captured Underground Noise Transmission" and "Zulu" (the latter on the North American Pleasure Principle Tour in 2010).

"Dead Sun Rising" is a reworked version of "What Have I Become" from the 2006 Jagged sessions, and featured on the "Small Black Box" tour audio programme.

"When The Sky Bleeds, He Will Come" had the live working title of "Dragging Loop".

"For The Rest of My Life" is a reworked version of "Always" from the 2000 Pure sessions, and featured on the "Purified" tour audio programme.

"The Fall" is a reworked version of "Look" from the 2000 Pure sessions, and featured on the "Purified" tour audio programme. It has existed in a variety of different mixes since it debuted live several years ago.

"We Are The Lost" is a reworked version of "Mercy" from the 2006 Jagged sessions, and featured on the "Small Black Box" tour audio programme.

Super Deluxe Edition
The album was released in three different formats.
CD/DVD/VINYL

Same contents as CD, plus:

DVD

 The Fall Promo Video
 Behind The Scenes Footage and Interview
 Exclusive Dead Son Rising interview
 Slideshow
 Gallery

12" Vinyl remixes

 The Fall (Motor Alternative Mix)
 The Fall (South Central Bad Trip Mix)
 The Fall (Motor Club Mix)

Dead Son Rising CD
DVD with 'The Fall' promo video, interviews, exclusive behind-the-scenes footage, gallery and slide show.
48 Page 'Art book' each page is 315mm x 310mm. It has a 7mm spine.
Each copy is numbered
Signed Gary Numan Print
Gatefold Vinyl of Album (excludes Not the Love We Dream of Piano Version)
Exclusive 12-inch single containing remixes of The Fall by Motor and South Central

Personnel

Production
 Gary Numan – vocals, keyboards
 Ade Fenton – producer, keyboards, programming, piano
 Tim Muddiman – guitar, bass
 Steve Harris – guitar
 Nathan Boddy – keyboard

Charts

References

Gary Numan albums
Dark wave albums
2011 albums

Dead Son Rising


Ralph Frank (1946-) is the former American ambassador to Nepal (1997-2001) and Croatia (2003-2006).

Frank received a BA in 1968 and an MBA in 1973 from the University of Washington.

A cable written by Frank in November 2003 revealed the American interest in obtaining the S-300 surface-to-air missile system from Croatia. The Croatian government acquired the system in 1995, before the Operation Storm, but it was incomplete and was never operative. According to other sources, including the court testimony of arms dealer Zvonko Zubak, the system was indeed shipped to the U.S. in 2004. (See Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (Europe))

References

Living people
1946 births
Ambassadors of the United States to Croatia
Ambassadors of the United States to Nepal
University of Washington Foster School of Business alumni
20th-century American diplomats
21st-century American diplomats

Ralph Frank


Tom Quesenbery Bertram (born 24 May 1977 in Ashford, Middlesex) is an English field hockey player. Bertram played in two Summer Olympics for Great Britain in 2000 and 2004.

Bertram, nicknamed Bertie and/or Stroker, has played club hockey for Bournville, Stourport and Reading. He made his English international debut in a friendly against Argentina in 1999. He was educated at Millfield School in Somerset.

By profession Bertram is a doctor, and his international career was at times interrupted by his medical studies.

He studied medicine at Birmingham University and graduated in 1887.

References

sports-reference

External links

1977 births
Living people
People educated at Millfield
English male field hockey players
Olympic field hockey players for Great Britain
British male field hockey players
Field hockey players at the 2000 Summer Olympics
2002 Men's Hockey World Cup players
Field hockey players at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Reading Hockey Club players

Tom Bertram (field hockey)


Just Inès is a 2010 British film written and directed by Marcel Grant. The film follows Tom Jackson, played by renowned UK actor Daniel Weyman, through a period of redemption after a prison sentence for domestic violence. Only through a new relationship with French girl Inès, played by well-known actress Caroline Ducey, can he find back his way in life.

The film was shot in United Kingdom and France as an independent production by the London-based production company Dancing Brave Pictures. The film received its world premiere to high acclaim at the 2010 International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg  and was also screened at the 2010 Cairo International Film Festival, Egypt.

Plot
The film starts with a depiction of Tom's current life. A businessman, he is lost in his deals and betrays his wife with a Buddhist girlfriend of his. When his wife threatens to leave him, he loses control and beats her violently. He is sentenced to 6 months in prison.

After being released and having spent some time with his mother and his brother, who live in a trailer park in absence of the early deceased father, he decides to move to London. Overcoming initial problems with the agent regarding his criminal record, he finally moves into a flat in Bloomsbury.

Self-doubt and loneliness now seem to dominate his days. He eventually befriends a young girl called PJ. A friendship develops, which helps Tom regaining a bit of warmth and colour in life. But then Tom meets his beautiful French neighbour Inès. A tender connection develops among them.

This quietly mysterious woman intrigues Tom. When he finds out about her life, it finally puts everything in Tom's own story into perspective. There might be damage, but there is always hope.

Cast
 Daniel Weyman as Tom Jackson
 Caroline Ducey as Inès Cole
 Barbara Cabrita as Olivia
 Veronica Roberts as Tom's mother
 Alice O'Connell as PJ

References

External links

2010 films
British drama films
2010s English-language films
2010s British films

Just Inès