Jacob Cornelis Matthieu (J. C. M.) Radermacher  (1741 – 24 December 1783) was a Dutch botanist and author.

Radermacher was born in The Hague, Holland. He was an officer of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in Batavia (Jakarta) as well as a talented naturalist.  Born into an influential Dutch family, his father was Jacob Cornelis Radermacher (1700-1748), who was treasurer-general to the prince.  His uncle and his nephew were members of the Board of Directors of the VOC.  In 1757, then only sixteen years old, he had traveled to Indonesian to work as a merchant for the VOC. On 21 May 1761 Jacob married Margaretha Sophia Verijssel.  In 1762 Radermacher created a Freemasonic circle in Batavia becoming the first Freemasonic lodge in Asia.  In 1763 he returned to Holland to continue his studies, and graduated in law at Harderwijk. After graduation on 13 June 1766 he established himself as a lawyer in Arnhem.  After a short time, Radermacher made the decision to return to Batavia. On 20 December 1766 with his wife Margaretha and two sons Frans Reinier and Johannes Cornelis, they boarded the ship Tulpenburg bound for Indonesia. His youngest son, Johannes Cornelis, still an infant, died within one month of their departure. By 1776, Radermacher was promoted by the VOC to title of "Extra-Ordinair Council of India".

During his years in Batavia, Radermacher was a staunch promoter of the arts and sciences in the Far East.  On 24 April 1778 he founded the Batavian Society of Arts and Sciences ("Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en etenschappen"). He also donated a substantial amount of writings and collections to start the museum.  During this time he also catalogued a significant amount of flora and fauna of the islands of Java and Sumatra.  The trees of the genus "Radermachera" are named for him.

By 1781 Radermacher was named Commissioner Concerning the Fleet and the Army, and Common Council of India.  After the death of his first wife, he married Bataviase Anna Bosch.  For health reasons in 1783, he requested permission to return to Holland.  However, while en route home in the Indian Ocean on 24 December, there was a mutiny on board the ship and Radermacher was murdered.

References

External links

"Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde, 1988"

1741 births
1783 deaths
18th-century Dutch botanists
18th-century Dutch naturalists
Scientists from The Hague
Sailors on ships of the Dutch East India Company
People who died at sea
Dutch people murdered abroad
Indonesian Freemasons

Jacob Cornelis Matthieu Radermacher


The British Rail Class 86 is a modern electric locomotive built during the 1960s, developed as a result of testing to replace the British rail  Classes 81, 82, 83, 84 and 85. One hundred of these locomotives were built from 1965-1966 by either English Electric at Vulcan Foundry, Newton-le-Willows, or British Rail (BR) at their Doncaster works. The class was built to haul trains on the then newly electrified West Coast Main Line, from London Euston, to Birmingham, Crewe, Manchester Piccadilly, Liverpool and later Preston and Glasgow. They helped to replace steam locomotives, which were finally withdrawn by BR in 1968. Most have been scrapped after accidents and other uses. Some were also exported to Hungary and Bulgaria. 3 have been preserved as of 2017.

86

British Rail Class 86


This is a list of universities in the former Netherlands Antilles.

American University of the Caribbean, Sint Maarten.
Caribbean Medical University, Curaçao
Saba University
Saint James School of Medicine, Bonaire
University of Curaçao, Curaçao (Dutch: Universiteit van de Nederlandse Antillen)
The University of America Curaçao (Curaçao)
University of Sint Eustatius School of Medicine
University of St. Martin, Sint Maarten
Bloomington University, Curaçao

Universities
Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles

List of universities in the Netherlands Antilles


Nahash was the name of a king of Ammon, mentioned in the Books of Samuel and Chronicles in the Hebrew Bible.

Nahash appears abruptly as the attacker of Jabesh-Gilead, which lay outside the territory he laid claim to. Having subjected the occupants to a siege, the population sought terms for surrender, and were told by Nahash that they had a choice of death (by the sword) or having their right eyes gouged out. The population obtained seven days' grace from Nahash, during which they would be allowed to seek help from the Israelites, after which they would have to submit to the terms of surrender. The occupants sought help from the people of Israel, sending messengers throughout the whole territory, and Saul, a herdsman at this time, responded by raising an army which decisively defeated Nahash and his cohorts at Bezek.

The strangely cruel terms given by Nahash for surrender were explained by Josephus as being the usual practice of Nahash. A more complete explanation came to light with the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls: although not present in either the Septuagint or masoretic text, an introductory passage, preceding this narrative, was found in a copy of the Books of Samuel among the scrolls found in cave 4:

In other words, Nahash had conquered the tribal lands of Gad and Reuben, and a portion of the population had fled from him to Jabesh-Gilead, which is why he laid siege to it.

Nothing more is told about Nahash in the Books of Samuel until his death, at the start of the reign of David, is mentioned. At this point, the narrative states that David sent a message of condolence to Hanun, the heir of Nahash, because Nahash had shown kindness to David. There is a tradition that when David had earlier entrusted his family to the King of Moab (cf. 1 Samuel 22:3–4) the latter slew the entire family, except for one of David's brothers who had escaped and found asylum with Nahash. Jerome suggested that David's sympathy was because both he and Nahash were enemies of Saul. However, Josephus claimed that Nahash was slain when the Ammonites were defeated by Saul, which would, if true, make the Nahash whose death David lamented a different person; it is unclear on what basis Josephus (who lived some 900 years later) makes his claim.

There is also a man named Nahash who is described by 2 Samuel 17:27–29 as the father of Shobi, a man who aided David against Absalom. The Jewish Encyclopedia argues that the father of Abigail, the king of the Ammonites, and the father of Shobi, were the same individual, hence making Shobi, Hanun, and David, half-brothers. In consequence of this view, it would seem that Shobi shared his father's positive view of David, while Hanun, Shobi's brother and David's half-brother saw David as an enemy. However some Rabbis argued that Shobi was in fact Hanun; in this argument Hanun must have fallen out with David when they both took control of their respective thrones. Wellhausen on the other hand believed that the 2 Samuel 17:25 originally named Jesse as the father of Abigail, and the current mention there of Nahash (נחש) is a typographic error caused by the brevity of the letters for Jesse (ישי) and the presence in verse 27 of the name Nahash.

References

Kings of Ammon
Books of Samuel people
Books of Chronicles people
10th-century BC people

Nahash of Ammon


Samuel Newhall Crane (January 2, 1854 – June 26, 1925) was an American second baseman and manager in Major League Baseball born in Springfield, Massachusetts.  Crane played for eight different major league teams during his seven-year career that spanned from  to .  During two of those seasons, he acted as a player-manager, once for the 1880 Buffalo Bisons of the National League and the  Cincinnati Outlaw Reds of the short-lived Union Association.

Career
His career ended when he was arrested after having an affair with the wife of a fruit dealer and stealing $1,500 from the husband. After his playing days, Sam had a long and distinguished career as a sportswriter. In , when he was writing for the New York Advertiser, he had become the center of a controversy when he wrote an article that harshly criticized the owner of the New York Giants, Andrew Freedman. Freedman, upon learning of existence of the article, barred Sam from entering the Polo Grounds. When Crane showed up for the August 16 game, he learned that his season pass was taken and his efforts to purchase a ticket were foiled.

It was his connection to baseball as a player, manager, and sportswriter that lent credibility to his assertion that Cooperstown, New York be the location for a "memorial" to the great players from the past.  Cooperstown was, at the time, the place that many people believed where Abner Doubleday had invented the game of baseball.  It was this idea of a memorial that eventually led to the creation of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum in .

Crane died at the age of 71 of pneumonia in New York City, and is interred at the Lutheran All Faith Cemetery in Middle Village, New York.

See also
List of Major League Baseball player–managers

References

External links

1854 births
1925 deaths
19th-century baseball players
Baseball players from Springfield, Massachusetts
Major League Baseball second basemen
Buffalo Bisons (NL) players
Buffalo Bisons (NL) managers
New York Metropolitans players
Cincinnati Outlaw Reds players
Detroit Wolverines players
St. Louis Maroons players
Washington Nationals (1886–1889) players
New York Giants (NL) players
Pittsburgh Alleghenys players
Sportswriters from New York (state)
Lowell (minor league baseball) players
Rochester (minor league baseball) players
Springfield (minor league baseball) players
Worcester Grays players
Indianapolis Hoosiers (minor league) players
Scranton Miners players
Kansas City Cowboys (minor league) players
Lynn Lions players
Major League Baseball player-managers
Deaths from pneumonia in New York City
Sportswriters from Massachusetts

Sam Crane (second baseman)


The Mesozoic marine revolution was the great increase in sea-floor predators that ate shellfish. The term was used by Vermeij, a paleontologist who spent years investigating changes in seafloor invertebrates.

There was a notable change in sea-floor life between the Palaeozoic fauna and the modern fauna. This change occurred during the Mesozoic. In the Mesozoic era sea-floor predators evolved various new forms which fed on the abundant shellfish (brachiopods and bivalves). These predators are still abundant today: they are mostly the starfish, the gastropods, and the crabs.

Each predator has its own methods. Crabs break the shells by force. Various types of gastropods developed the ability to get into shells. The Muricidae bore through shells and consume prey. Some gastropods make holes in the shell and put in a paralysing or relaxing substance; others work on small cracks in the edge of the shell. Once they get their proboscis in, they eat the shellfish. Perhaps surprisingly, some sponges can also bore into shells. During the Mesozoic there were also a number of vertebrate predators of shellfish: the placodonts, and some ichthyosaurs and mosasaurs had flat shell-crushing teeth.

Starfish
Starfish are the most common predators. The shells of brachiopods and bivalves are held together by strong muscles. What the starfish does is clamp hold of them on either side with its tube feet, and apply a steady pull. The starfish, with its muscles and hydraulic system, can pull for much longer than any bivalve muscle can withstand. Apparently, ten minutes are usually enough to open the shell a bit. Then the starfish slips its stomach inside the shell. The stomach can get through a slot as narrow as 0.1mm. The starfish then dissolves the mollusc where it lives, absorbing the nutrients. This digestion process takes much longer than opening the shell, perhaps a couple of days.

Some species swallow the shell whole, and dissolve the contents inside their stomach, then push out the shell afterwards.p45

Consequences
The ability of starfish to eat brachipods and bivalves developed  especially in the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The Mesozoic marine revolution transformed the sea-floor fauna. Weakly defended and static shellfish disappeared, and more heavily armoured or more mobile shellfish flourished.

There was a great reproductive advantage for any prey which had even the slightest defence to these predators. Many shellfish developed extra-tough shells. Some burrowed into the sand. Scallops must had had some elementary movement, which developed rapidly under selection.  They became extremely common in the Mesozoic. There are some other methods used by a few scallops. Chlamys hastata often carry sponges on their shell. It is a kind of mutualism. The sponge makes it difficult for starfish to get their tube feet on, and camouflages Chlamys hastata from predators.

When scallops move off the sand they are open to new predators such as rays, which patrol just above the ocean floor. They may also be picked up by seabirds which open shells by dropping them on rock. Evidently the main advantage lies in getting away from the starfish, which are very numerous on inshore and continental shelf habitats.

References

Invertebrates
Mesozoic
Evolutionary biology

Mesozoic marine revolution


Sophia of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (1 June 1569 at Gottorf Castle – 14 November 1634 in Schwerin) was regent of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1603 to 1608.

Life
Sophia was the eldest daughter of Duke Adolph of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife Christine of Hesse.  She married on 17 February 1588 in Reinbek to Duke John VII of Mecklenburg.  John was a weak ruler who was unable to rule his indebted and corrupt country.  Sophia almost lived in poverty.

In 1592, her husband stabbed himself with seven stab wounds.  Initially, Duke Ulrich of Mecklenburg took up the regency and Sophia retreated to her widow's seat in Lübz.  The country visibly declined during the administration of governors sent by Duke Ulrich.

Sophia administered her wittum, the districts of Rehna and Wittenburg very cautiously, economically and carefully.  After Duke Ulrich died in 1603, Duke Charles I asked Sophia to administer Mecklenburg-Schwerin on behalf of her underage sons.  She took up the challenge and acted energetically against the abuses of the previous administration.  She managed to improve the Duchy's financial situation.

In 1608, Duke Charles I asked the emperor to declare Sophia's eldest son an adult.  Her sons had been estranged from her for some time.  During their reign, the country descended into financial chaos again.  Sophia returned to Lübz.  In 1628, Wallenstein conquered Mecklenburg and forced her sons to leave the country.  However, he left her in peace.

Sophia died on 14 November 1634.  The later Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz all descend from her.

Issue
 Adolf Frederick I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin from 1592 to 1628 and from 1631 to 1658
 John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow from 1592 to 1628 and from 1631 to 1636
 Anna Sophie (1591-1648)

Ancestors

References

Regents of Germany
House of Holstein-Gottorp
Duchesses of Mecklenburg
1569 births
1634 deaths
16th-century German people
17th-century German people
17th-century women rulers
Daughters of monarchs
Mothers of monarchs

Sophia of Holstein-Gottorp


"The Fallout" is the seventeenth episode of the American television series Smash. It was written by Julie Rottenberg and Elisa Zuritsky and directed by Craig Zisk. The episode premiered on NBC on February 5, 2013, the second half of the season two two-hour premiere.

Plot
In "The Fallout" the creative team behind the fictional musical Bombshell attempt to repair their reputations and mount the show following legal allegations about the source of financing for the show by Eileen Rand (Anjelica Huston) and sexual harassment charges leveled at director Derek Wills (Jack Davenport) by several women. Bombshell star Karen Cartwright (Katharine McPhee) encounters resistance when she tries to aid new composing team Jimmy Collins (Jeremy Jordan) and Kyle Bishop (Andy Mientus) working on their first musical.

A drunk Derek imagines that Ivy Lynn (Megan Hilty), Karen and several other women are giving him the business with "Would I Lie To You?". Ivy sings "They Just Keep Moving the Line" from Bombshell during an industry party that the Bombshell crew has crashed to entice new investors. Karen sings "Caught in the Storm" to Jimmy Collins (who has written the song) during a party to impress him. He ends up mad because Kyle gave Karen the song to look at and Jimmy is possessive of his work.

Production
Three songs are featured in the episode, one cover (the Eurythmics "Would I Lie To You?) and two originals. For the two originals, the show's in-house songwriters Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman wrote "They Just Keep Moving the Line", while Pasek and Paul wrote "Caught in the Storm".

"Caught in the Storm" was released as a single for sale from iTunes and Amazon.com's MP store, while "They Just Keep Moving the Line" is available on the cast album Bombshell.

Critical reception
Sara Brady at Television Without Pity gave the episode a B rating.

References

External links
 "The Fallout" at the Internet Movie Database

2013 American television episodes
Smash (TV series) episodes

The Fallout (Smash)


Christine de Pizan, sometimes known as de Pisan, (Venice 1364 – about 1430) was  an Italian French late mediaeval author. She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy. She wrote only in her adopted language, Middle French. She challenged the male-dominated realm of the arts. She is known as Europe's first professional woman writer.

She wrote both poetry and prose works. There were biographies and books of practical advice for women. She wrote 41 works in her 30-year career from 1399–1429.  She married in 1380 at the age of 15, and was widowed 10 years later.

Her influence spread through all of Europe. It affected the social life of many Europeans because she gave confidence to women that they could rise beyond what men told them to do. Some  scholars think this is misreading her intentions.

Selected works
 L'Épistre au Dieu d'amours (1399)
 L'Épistre de Othéa a Hector (1399–1400)
 Dit de la Rose (1402)
 Cent Ballades d'Amant et de Dame, Virelyas, Rondeaux (1402)
 Le Chemin de long estude (1403)
 Livre de la mutation de fortune (1403)
 La Pastoure (1403)
 Le Livre des fais et bonnes meurs du sage roy Charles V (1404)
 Le Livre de la cité des dames (1405)
 Le Livre des trois vertus (1405)
 L'Avision de Christine (1405)
 Livre du corps de policie (1407)
 Livre de paix (1413)
 Epistre de la prison de vie humaine (1418)
 Ditié de Jehanne d'Arc (1429)

References

1364 births
1420s deaths
Writers from Paris

Christine de Pizan


Elizabeth Wilson (1921–2015) was an American actress.

Elizabeth Wilson (or variants) may also refer to:

Characters
Liz Wilson, fictional character in Garfield
Elizabeth "Harriot" Wilson (c. 1762–1786), figure in the folklore of southeastern Pennsylvania

Others
Lady Elizabeth Wilson (1907–2008), Australian activist
Bettie Wilson (1890–2006), American supercentenarian
Betty Wilson (1921–2010), cricketer
Betty Wilson (politician) (born 1932), American politician in New Jersey
Betty Wilson, final victim of serial killer Richard Laurence Marquette
Elizabeth Wilson (author) (born 1936), feminist independent researcher and writer
Elizabeth Wilson (doctor) (1926–2016), family planning physician and right to die campaigner
Elizabeth A. Wilson, professor of women's, gender, and sexuality studies
Elizabeth Wilson (screenwriter) (1914–2000), American screenwriter
Elizabeth Wilson (biographer), author of the lives of Rostropovich and Shostakovich

See also
Beth Wilson (disambiguation)

Elizabeth Wilson (disambiguation)


Jacki McInnes (born 1966) is a South African artist living and working in Johannesburg. Her art tends towards a style of binary interrogation: migrancy versus xenophobia, material aspirations versus poverty, the survival strategies of newly urbanised populations, and the complexities associated with the lived realities of late-capitalism. Current work, in particular, explores the contradictions inherent in present-day human thought and behaviour, especially regarding the disconnect between material aspiration, rampant consumerism, wasteful practices, and their disastrous effect on our planet and ultimate future.

Career

Education
McInnes received her BA (FA) cum laude in 2001, also winning the UNISA Fine Art Faculty Medal in that year. She went on to complete an MFA at the Michaelis School of the Arts, University of Cape Town in 2004.

Since completing her studies, McInnes has won numerous awards and has been an artist-in-residence in Switzerland, Brazil and Germany.

Exhibitions
Solo Exhibitions:
 2012: de Magnete, University of Johannesburg Gallery, Johannesburg (Exhibition travelled to the North West University and the University of the Free State Galleries.)
 2008: Strutting, Flying & Dying, ABSA Gallery, Johannesburg.
 2008: Alienation Adaptation, Graskop Hotel, Graskop.
 2006: Patterns in Silence, Women's Jail, Constitution Hill, Johannesburg
 2005: The Vocabulary of Ambiguity: For Her, Gordart Gallery, Johannesburg.
 2004: The Vocabulary of Ambiguity: For Her, Bell-Roberts Contemporary, Cape Town.
 2004: Four Exhibitions Under One Roof, Artspace Fine Art Gallery, Johannesburg.
 2002: Salt in the Wound, AVA Gallery, Cape Town.
Selected Group Exhibitions:
 2012: Winter Exhibition, Everard Read Gallery, Johannesburg.
 2011: MAP South Africa, University of Johannesburg Gallery, Johannesburg (Catalogue).
 2010: Ecotopian States, University of Johannesburg Gallery, Johannesburg (e-Catalogue).
 2010: Spier Contemporary Finalist Exhibition, City Hall, Cape Town (Catalogue).
 2009: Urban Animal, ABSA Gallery, Johannesburg (Catalogue).
 2007: Rendezvous: Focus Sculpture, Morningside, Johannesburg and Potchefstroom University (Catalogue).
 2007: Bliss, Fried Contemporary, Pretoria.
 2007: Ekurhuleni Fine Arts Award, Johannesburg.
 2006: Review, 34 Long Fine Art, Cape Town.
 2005: New Acquisitions, 34 Long Fine Art, Cape Town.
 2004: iaab: Inside Out, St. Alban-Rheinweg 54, Basel, Switzerland.
 2003: AidsArt / South Africa, Iziko: South African National Gallery (Catalogue).
 2002: Aids and South Africa: The Social Expression of a Pandemic, Wellesley College, Massachusetts, USA.
 2000: !Xoe²: Off Site, Bell-Roberts Contemporary Art, Cape Town.
 2000: !Xoe²: Site-specific, Nieu Bethesda and Grahamstown (Catalogue).
 2000: ABSA Atelier Competition, National Finalist Exhibition, Johannesburg (Catalogue).

Works

House 38: Hazardous Objects
McInnes' work consists of exact replicas of industrial and consumer cast-offs collected by informal recyclers living in downtown Johannesburg, recreated in beaten lead. McInnes turns the focus from these objects to the lives of the people behind them.

In his essay Recycling the Apocalypse Michael Titlestad takes McInnes' House 38 series of work as a departure point for a treatise on end-time psychology. By examining the strategies of Johannesburg's informal recyclers, Titlestad suggests that the Judeo-Christian understanding of a rectilinear eschatology is flawed. He posits instead endless cycles of existence. "The world is already apocalyptic, just not all at the same time."
Michael Titlestad carries his argument forward in an extended essay, entitled The Logic of the Apocalypse: A Clerical Rejoinder, published by Safundi: The Journal of South African and American Studies in February 2013.

The Vocabulary of Ambiguity – for her
This show uses the starting point of the decision to abort a pregnancy and from there explores the reproductive role of women in society.  McInnes uses salt, lead, and found materials to create mixed media works addressing the issues.

Gallery

References

1966 births
Living people
Artists from Durban
Artists from Johannesburg
University of Cape Town alumni
20th-century South African women artists
21st-century South African women artists

Jacki McInnes


Zombie Hunter is a 2013 American direct-to-video action-thriller film directed and written by Kevin King for The Klimax and Arrowstorm Entertainment, and starring Danny Trejo, Martin Copping, and Clare Niederpruem. It follows a group of humans, led by Jesús (Trejo), defending themselves from flesh-devouring zombies. A fundraising campaign was hosted on the website Kickstarter to help fulfill the production team's desired budget. The film officially premiered at the 2013 Fantasia International Film Festival in Montreal and was released on home media on October 8, 2013. It was a critical failure, garnering mostly negative reviews.

Plot
The film opens with a news report on "Natas", a strange drug which has been reported to induce zombie-like effects in those who consume it. The film then fast forwards in time, to an Earth mostly inhabited by zombies. The Hunter (Martin Copping) drives along a post-apocalyptic wasteland and meets a hostile "Death Angel". The zombie is reduced to purplish goo after Hunter rams his vehicle at it.

Hunter proceeds to stop at a deserted filling station to fill his empty gas tank. He enters the station's convenience store to check out any available supplies but is ambushed by invading zombies. He eliminates them all after a gory battle and downs his sorrows by gulping a bottle of tequila. It is revealed that Hunter's daughter and wife have both died.

Resuming his journey, Hunter unknowingly ventures into the turf of the survivors, who have not been infected by Natas. Thinking Hunter is a zombie, an unknown assailant takes a shot at him. Hunter survives, nevertheless, and is greeted by survivor Fast Lane Debbie (Jade Regier) upon regaining consciousness.

A flirty Debbie attempts to make out with Hunter, but a fellow survivor Alison (Clare Niederpruem) awkwardly walks into the room to hand him a can of cola, before coercing an annoyed Debbie to leave Hunter alone. Outside, Debbie accuses Alison of being a slut. Alison returns the insult, and they start to quarrel.

The audience is then introduced to Father Jesús (Danny Trejo), a pastor-like zombie slayer and leader of the survivor's colony. As the survivors assemble in a small room to have a meal together, a groggy Hunter joins the crowd and gets to formally know the other survivors. Alison and Hunter start to get romantically passionate with each other.

All is well until a wave of zombies, including a monstrously large zombie, somehow makes their way into the survivors' camp. The survivors are able to fend off the normal-sized zombies, but the gigantic zombie is seemingly unstoppable to the point that even bullets do not faze it. Jesús rushes in to save them and mutilates the hulking zombie by using his axe to slice off its arm. However, Jesús is unable to defeat it wholly, and the zombie slices off his head.

The remaining survivors scramble into a car and drive off to an airport in hopes of being able to find a working aeroplane to fly off with. The zombies, unshakable, manage to track them down.

All of the survivors, except Alison, Hunter, and Alison's brother Ricky (Jason K. Wixom), are killed. Mustering their courage, they confront the zombies and begin shooting them. At last, only the giant zombie is left.

Hunter, having run out of bullets, is impaled by the sharp-clawed zombie. Nonetheless, he miraculously finds the energy to detonate a grenade, wiping out the creature and destroying the rundown airport. Just as the bomb explodes, Alison and Ricky climb into a truck and drive off to safety.

Alison vows to always remember Hunter and his courageous deed, echoing that he had finally found what he yearned for — peace. In the aftermath of the explosion, Hunter is shown to be still alive. Before the credits roll, he explains that he feels cursed as the zombies never seem to be able to kill him, and he decides to take his own life.

Production

The film stars Danny Trejo, Martin Copping, Clare Niederpruem, Terry Guthrie, Jake Suazo, Jason K. Wixom and Jade Reiger. It was directed and written by Kevin King. King was also in charge of production for The Klimax and Arrowstorm Entertainment, alongside Chris Le and Jennifer Griffin. Kynan Griffin, Jason Faller, Brian King, Rocky Mudaliar, Sultan Saeed Al Darmaki, Brett Bozeman, Doug Miller and Spencer Bowen served as executive producers. Ephraim Smith headed the cinematography. Chris Le edited the film. The film's music was composed by Christian Davis.

As the budget then was not sufficient to allow for better visual effects and others, additional funds for the film, totalling to $46,254 were raised through the website Kickstarter. The film was shot on location in Utah.

Release and reception
The film officially premiered at the 2013 Fantasia International Film Festival, which was held from July 18 to August 16 in Montreal. International sales were handled by the Highland Film Group. The film was released on Blu-ray Disc by Well Go USA, with both single and double disc sets available, on October 8, 2013.

The film received predominantly negative reviews from contemporary film critics. Bill Gibron of DVD Verdict found the film "[a] goofy, god-awful mess" and criticised the entire cast's acting skills, except Trejo's. He also opined that the film "[was] lacking in legitimate entertainment value that camp may be all it's capable of." In concluding his review, Gibron wrote, "When you hire Danny Trejo and give your movie a title like Zombie Hunter, you better be prepared to deliver the horror geek goods. Kevin King can't and won't. Instead, he hopes borrowing from his betters would work. It doesn't."

Mark Adams of Screen Daily stated, "Falling well and truly in the B-movie midnight screening slot, the gleefully and violently silly Zombie Hunter is littered with modest moments to enjoy but eventually lacks the humour and style to grab the cult credentials it is looking for."

John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter described the film as "Grade Z genre fare", panning Copping's acting and the zombie makeup. In summarising his review, he wrote, "The undead craze reaches the bottom of the barrel in Kevin King's Zombie Hunter, which may or may not have been intended as parody but produces none of the laughs that might support that categorization."

Paul Mount of Starburst magazine rated the film with 4 out of 10 stars, critiquing that "[it] is largely charmless and yet manages to provide mild diversion by virtue of some decent action sequences and impressive, if entirely unexplained, Ray Harryhausen-style monsters which provide a welcome respite from the relentless tide of drooling, slobbering undead." He concluded, "Zombie Hunter sure isn't a good movie but it's competent enough in its own relentlessly lowbrow way."

Éric S. Boisvert, writing for the Fantasia International Film Festival, gave the film a rare positive review, describing it as a "bounty of pure entertainment" and "a simple yet highly effective work that has all the hallmarks of a great midnight movie." He also felt that "[t]he '80s soundtrack, the allure of the actresses and occasionally maladroit delivery of some actors make the whole thing all the more rewarding."

References

External links

2013 action thriller films
2013 direct-to-video films
2013 films
2013 independent films
2010s American films
2010s English-language films
2010s road movies
2010s science fiction films
American action horror films
American action thriller films
American independent films
American post-apocalyptic films
American road movies
American splatter films
American zombie films
Crowdfunded films
Films shot in Utah
Kickstarter-funded films

Zombie Hunter (film)


The Winning Team is a 1952 American biographical film starring Ronald Reagan and Doris Day, and directed by Lewis Seiler. It is a fictionalized biography of the life of major league pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander.

It includes Alexander's heroic performance in three games in the 1926 World Series against the New York Yankees, where the seventh inning strikeout of Tony Lazzeri is used as the game-ending, Series-winning pitch.

The film earned an estimated $1.7 million at the North American box office in 1952.

Plot
 Grover Cleveland Alexander (Ronald Reagan) is working as a telephone lineman in Elba, Nebraska. While Alex is speaking with his boss, a man comes along and tells them that there is an exhibition baseball game between some local farmers and a minor league baseball team. Alex runs straight there.

Meanwhile, his fiancée Aimee (Doris Day) is talking with her father, who doesn't have the best opinion of Alex because he is more interested in baseball than in farming. He is worried about his daughter's future.

The game between the farmers and the team is a betting place. Many come to see this game and they know that with Alex pitching they can't lose. Alex strikes out everyone in this game. When he wins the game he returns home.

Aimee is at home waiting for Alex. Her father offers to put a down payment on a farm for her. After a small argument, Aimee switches to her father's side and promises that Alex will not play baseball.

Alex and Aimee attend a church meeting where an invited guest is to show film shots of his recent journey to Norway. As he begins to speak, the noise of a backfiring automobile is heard. The driver opens the door to the church and announces that he is looking for Alex. He finally sees Alex and asks him to come outside with him, where he asks Alex if he can really pitch like he did at the earlier game or was it a fluke. Alex learns he is the manager of the team he beat, and throws some pitches to him. Aimee is inside, listening to the presentation, which is now interrupted by the sound of a ball hitting a glove over and over. Alex is offered $100 a month if he will consider playing for his team. Alex agrees to play and is shown playing baseball with the new team, the Galesburg Boosters. He regularly sends home a baseball card with his picture along with money so he can buy the farm for him and his fiancée.

During one of the games Alex is struck in the head by a thrown ball while running bases. He wakes up three days later in the hospital with Aimee and his mother by his side. The injury ends his 1909 season of baseball.

During the off-season between 1909 and 1910, Alex now has enough money to buy that farm and marry Aimee. After arriving at the farm he goes out back and starts chucking mud balls at a fence. His eyes are out of whack and he sees everything double. He hires a catcher to catch for him and he is always just a bit off because of his eyesight.

In 1910 he returns to baseball after he wakes up one morning and his eyes are perfect again. His record during that year is 29-11 playing for the Syracuse Stars in the class B New York State League. Then he is sold to the Philadelphia Phillies for $750.

The scene turns to what Doris Day is known for: a Christmas at the farm where the family is gathered around and Aimee sings.

The movie returns to baseball. Alex's official Major League baseball debut is with the Phillies on April 15, 1911. He throws five innings of no-hit, no-run baseball.  During another game he is facing Rogers Hornsby. The catcher passes on a tidbit of info that if Hornsby strikes out he will be booted off the team. Alex tells the catcher what the next pitches will be and Hornsby is able to connect with one of them.

Alex spends most of 1918 in France as a sergeant with a field artillery unit where he is exposed to mustard gas, and a shell that explodes near him causes partial hearing loss as well as epileptic seizures. He has also developed a drinking problem. He returns to the States and continues pitching in 1919.

He is traded from Philadelphia to Chicago and pitches for the Cubs during the 1920 season where he wins the pitching Triple Crown. While playing a game at Forbes Field his hearing problem returns. In the sixth inning while on the mound, Alex collapses and his teammates carry him off the field. It turns out to be an epileptic seizure.

Alex's doctor tells him that if he wants to live he should probably go back to farm life. Alex will not hear of that. He tells the doctor that he really does not want his wife Aimee to know.

As Alex is walking down the street, he passes a bar and the doorman recognizes him and invites him in for a drink "on the house". He becomes totally inebriated. As he lays his head down on his arm a customer walks to a telephone booth. He asks for the sports desk and tells the person who answers that he knows why Alex fell at the ballgame today: "He's a lush." The papers are filled with stories of Alex's drinking problem. The scene changes to a baseball game where Alex fields a ball and basically throws it away to the first baseman. He is removed from the game.

Drinking seems to have become Alex's new pastime. He is removed from the Cubs and sent to a team playing for the House of David. All this time his wife is trying to find him. She finally finds out that he is a main headliner at a circus, touted as the man who can answer any and all questions about baseball - and specifically about pitching. Aimee buys a ticket, but when he comes out from the rear of the tent, she hides. He spews out many facts and figures about his own career and then asks if anyone has any questions. Aimee leaves without contacting him.

When Aimee does get in touch with him she tells him that she knows of his medical conditions. At Aimee's request, his old friend Rogers Hornsby contacts him and offers him a pitching job with the St. Louis Cardinals.

At the 1926 World Series, the St. Louis Cardinals and the New York Yankees are squaring off. Alex pitches the second and the sixth games of the series and they win both of them. At the conclusion of the sixth game Alex and Aimee have a conversation in the tunnel of the stadium; it's here that she learns that he looks to her for strength while pitching.

The Cardinals tie up the series at 3-3. It is now the seventh game. Aimee is not at the stadium because she is packing for a vacation that will start as soon as the game is over. Alex is not expected to pitch today at all. They are at Sportsman's Park in St. Louis and in the seventh inning the pitcher of record has allowed the bases to be loaded. Player-manager Rogers Hornsby pulls the pitcher. He gets a message to the bullpen for Alex to come out and pitch. When Alex gets to the mound he looks and finds that Aimee is not there. Aimee is ready to call for a taxi when she reads on the ticker-tape board across the street that her husband has now been called on to pitch. She has the bellhop at the curb get her a taxi right away so she can get to the stadium.

While she is in traffic, Alex is pitching without her as his rock. He pitches out of the inning and Aimee arrives at the stadium before the ninth inning. She sits in her chair and he sees her. The Cardinals win the series.

Cast
 Ronald Reagan as Grover Cleveland Alexander
 Doris Day as Aimee Alexander
 Frank Lovejoy as Rogers Hornsby
 Eve Miller as Margaret Killefer
 James Millican as Bill Killefer
 Russ Tamblyn as Willie Alexander
 Gordon Jones as George Glasheen
 Hugh Sanders as Joe McCarthy
 Frank Ferguson as Sam Arrants
 Walter Baldwin as Pa Alexander
 Dorothy Adams as Ma Alexander
 Bob Lemon as Jesse "Pop" Haines
 Jerry Priddy as Ballplayer
 Peanuts Lowrey as Ballplayer
 George Metkovich as Ballplayer

See also
 List of baseball films

References

External links

1952 films
1950s biographical drama films
1950s sports films
American baseball films
American biographical drama films
Biographical films about sportspeople
American black-and-white films
Films directed by Lewis Seiler
Films scored by David Buttolph
Films set in the 1920s
Films set in the 1910s
Sports films based on actual events
Warner Bros. films
Cultural depictions of baseball players
1952 drama films
1950s English-language films
1950s American films

The Winning Team


Aspendale is a historic house and plantation property on Delaware Route 300 west of Kenton, Kent County, Delaware, United States.  The main house, built 1771–73, has been under a single family's ownership since construction and is a rare, well-preserved example of a Georgian "Quaker plan" house. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and declared a National Historic Landmark in 1970.

Description and history
Aspendale is located about  west of Kenton, on the north side of Delaware Route 300. The property is over  in size, consisting of fields and woodlands roughly bisected by the road. The main house is set near the road, surrounded by landscaping. It is a modest -story brick structure with a gabled roof and end chimneys joined by curtain walls. A single-story gable-roofed wood-frame addition extends to one side. The front and rear of the main block consist of brick laid in a Flemish bond, while the ends are laid in a common bond. The main facade is three bays wide, with a symmetrical arrangement of sash windows around a center entrance. In a traditional Delaware pattern, the ground-floor windows have paneled shutters, while the upper-level windows have louvered shutters. The interior has a rare example of a "Quaker plan", with a sizeable front-to-back parlor on the east side and a study and living room separated by a hall on the west side. These rooms all exhibit original woodwork and other features.

The land on which the house stands was deeded in 1770 to Charles Numbers and was (as of its landmark designation in 1970) still in the hands of Numbers' descendants. The house was built between 1771 and 1773. The large parlor was subdivided with partitions in the 19th century, and a Victorian porch was added; both elements were reversed during a restoration of the property in the 1960s.

See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Delaware
National Register of Historic Places listings in Kent County, Delaware

References

External links

Historic American Buildings Survey in Delaware
National Historic Landmarks in Delaware
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Delaware
Houses in Kent County, Delaware
Kenton, Delaware
Georgian architecture in Delaware
Houses completed in 1773
National Register of Historic Places in Kent County, Delaware
Plantation houses in Delaware

Aspendale (Kenton)


The white-browed scrubwren (Sericornis frontalis) is a passerine bird found on the New England Tablelands and coastal areas of Australia. Placed in the family Pardalotidae in the Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy, this has met with opposition and indeed is now known to be wrong; they rather belong to the independent family Acanthizidae.

It is insectivorous and inhabits undergrowth, from which it rarely ventures, though can be found close to urban areas. It is  long and predominantly brown in colour with prominent white brows and pale eyes, though the three individual subspecies vary widely. Found in small groups, it is sedentary and engages in cooperative breeding. The larger Tasmanian scrubwren was formerly considered a subspecies of this species.

Taxonomy
The white-browed scrubwren was originally described by naturalists Nicholas Aylward Vigors and Thomas Horsfield in 1827. The specific epithet frontalis derived from the Latin frons "eyebrow". It is now divided into two subspecies:
S. f. frontalis, known as the white-browed scrubwren, is found in coastal eastern Australia from the New South Wales-Queensland border round to Adelaide in South Australia.
S. f. laevigaster, known as the buff-breasted scrubwren, is found in coastal Queensland from the New South Wales border north to the Atherton Tableland.

S. humilis, the Tasmanian scrubwren, is found in Tasmania and Bass Strait islands and was formerly considered a subspecies of the white-browed scrubwren. It is larger at 13.5 cm long and lays larger eggs.

S. maculatus, known as the spotted scrubwren, occurs in coastal southern Australia, from Kangaroo Island and Adelaide westwards to Shark Bay in Western Australia. It is known to intergrade with the nominate subspecies where their ranges overlap. Genetic analysis in a 2018 study of the family found that this taxon was more divergent from S. f. frontalis than the Tasmanian or Atherton scrubwrens and hence proposed its reclassification as a species. It was reclassified as a species in 2019.

Description
Mainland birds measure  in length and olive brown upperparts (greyish brown in the spotted subspecies and dark brown in Tasmania), with prominent pale irises and a white brow. The throat is white with faint streaks in the subspecies frontalis and laevigaster and heavily spotted in maculatus. Ear coverts are grey in frontalis and black in laevigaster, and brownish in the other two subspecies. The underparts are pale, though buff in laevigaster. The thin bill is black. The females are duller overall and generally have pale gray lores, whereas males have blackish lores. This allows most individuals to be reliably sexed in the field. The call is a loud high-pitched ts-cheer or ch-weip, ch-weip, ch-weip.

Distribution and habitat
The species favours forested or scrubby areas with plentiful undergrowth, from which it rarely ventures. It is a common bird in bushland areas around Sydney, and the New England Tablelands. It is sedentary.

Behaviour

Scrubwrens are predominantly insectivorous. They can be hard to spot but are very vocal and easy to localise. They occur in small groups of up to six birds and engage in cooperative breeding; namely that group members all help to feed and rear the young.

Reproduction
Breeding season is June or July to November or December, with the nest a domelike structure of dried grasses and leaves, sticks, bark and ferns and feathers for lining. It is placed near or on the ground in dense cover. A clutch of two or three 20 x 15 mm eggs is laid; they vary from brownish-violet to brownish-white in colour with darker spots or blotches. The Tasmanian scrubwren lays larger eggs some 23 x 17 mm in dimensions.

References

External links

White-browed scrubwren factsheet Australian Museum online
Birds in Backyards - White-browed scrubwren - with call recording

white-browed scrubwren
Endemic birds of Australia
white-browed scrubwren

White-browed scrubwren


Athetis tarda, the slowpoke moth, is a moth of the  family Noctuidae. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from New Hampshire to Florida and from Missouri to Texas. The habitat consists of oak woodlands.

The wingspan is 23–35 mm. The forewings are dark greyish-brown with darker but inconspicuous lines and blackish inconspicuous spots. There is usually a group of four pale dots around the reniform spot. Adults are on wing from late March to May and again from late August to September.

The larvae feed on dead Quercus leaves.

References

Caradrinini
Moths described in 1852
Moths of North America

Athetis tarda


Argo is an 2012 action-thriller movie directed by Ben Affleck and produced by George Clooney. It stars Ben Affleck as  Tony Mendez, Alan Arkin as Lester Siegel, and John Goodman as John Chambers. This movie is based on real events of the 1979-1981 Iranian hostage crisis. The movie was about an CIA agent (Tony Mendez) sent to save six U.S. diplomats in Tehran, Iran. To save them, he had to pretend they were making "Argo", a fake science-fiction film. Critics gave the movie good reviews. It won many awards for Best Movie including an Golden Globe Award for Best Picture - Drama and Best Picture at the Academy Awards.

Other websites

2010s action thriller movies
2012 action movies
2012 thriller movies
American action thriller movies
Best Picture Oscar
English-language movies
Multilingual movies
Golden Globe Award winning movies
Movies set in the 1970s
Movies set in the 1980s
Screenplays by Chris Terrio
Movies set in Iran
Tehran
Movies set in Virginia
Movies set in Istanbul

Argo (2012 movie)


Joshua Fineberg (born July 26, 1969) is an American composer of contemporary classical music.

Biography
Joshua Fineberg was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He began his musical studies at the age of five. He completed his undergraduate studies at the Peabody Conservatory with Morris Cotel where he won first prize in the bi-annual Virginia Carty de Lillo Composition Competition.

Music career
He has worked with many leading composers in the United States and France, including: George Crumb, Jacob Druckman, Robert Hall Lewis, Philippe Manoury, and André Boucourechliev. In 1991, he moved to Paris and studied with Tristan Murail. The following year he was selected by the Ensemble InterContemporain reading panel for the course in composition and musical technologies. In the fall of 1997, he returned to the US to pursue a doctorate in musical composition at Columbia University, which he completed in May 1999. After teaching at Columbia for a year, he went to Harvard University where he served as the John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Humanities until 2007. In 2007 he joined the faculty of the Boston University School of Music and became the director of their electronic music studio. In 2012, he became the founding director of the Boston University Center for New Music.

He has collaborated with IRCAM as a lecturer for seminars and as compositional coordinator for their 1996 four week summer course. Besides his compositional and pedagogical activities, he has collaborated with computer scientists and music psychologists to develop tools for computer assisted composition and in music perception research. He has worked with performing ensembles as artistic director for recordings of many European ensembles and soloists, and during the 1999–2000 season directed both Speculum Musicae (New York City) and the Columbia Sinfonietta (Boston). Fineberg edited two issues of the Contemporary Music Review on spectral music" (vol. 19, pt. 2 & 3). From 2003 to 2009 he served as the US editor of the Contemporary Music Review.

Fineberg's works include Recueil de Pierre et de sable for two harps and ensemble (commissioned by Radio France and premiered by Continuum), Veils (commissioned by Thomas Forrest Kelly and premiered by Robert Levin), and Shards (commissioned by the Fromm Music Foundation and premiered by the New Millennium Ensemble). He worked on an evening-length modern dance/theater piece with the Belgian choreographer  and founding member of the Wooster Group Jim Clayburgh based on Nabokov's Lolita.

A monographic CD of his music recorded by the Ensemble Court-Circuit was released in 2002 as a part of Universal France's Accord/Una Corda collection, another CD recorded by the Ensemble FA was released by Mode Records in June 2009, and in 2012 a CD with his complete works for piano, performed by Marilyn Nonken, was released by Divine Art/Métier. Sonic Fictions, a new CD of his works was released in 2018, also by Divine Art/Métier. Major projects include an "imaginary opera" based on Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita for actor, dancers, video, ensemble and electronics realized in collaboration with JOJI; Speaking in Tongues, a concerto written for Les Percussions de Strasbourg's 50th anniversary tour, Objets trouvé written for the ensemble Court-circuit and La Quintina for string quartet and electronics written for the Arditti Quartet and premiered at the Ultraschall festival in Berlin that marked the first co-realization between the ExperimentalStudio in Freiburg and IRCAM in Paris. In June 2017, Chicago's Dal Niente Ensemble and Mocrep premiered his take my hand..., an evening-length immersive musical theater that explores ecstatic states.

Awards and critical acclaim
He has won various prizes, fellowships and scholarships including: ASCAP Foundation Grants to Young Composers Competition; Ars Electronica special jury mention; Rapoport Prize in Composition from University; Arnold Salop Composition Competition; the Palache Scholarship, a scholarship to study at the American Conservatory in Fontainebleau; yearly ASCAP Awards from 1991 until he left ASCAP to join the French society SACEM in 1994; and the Randolph S. Rothschild Award in Composition. In 2011, he was named an artist fellow by the Massachusetts cultural council and in 2016 France named him a Chevalier in arts and letters.

In 1992, his work for large orchestra ORIGINS was selected by the international jury of the Gaudeamus Foundation as a finalist for the Gaudeamus International Composers Award and was premiered by the Radio Symfonie Orkest of the N.O.S. during the 1992 Gaudeamus Music Week.

References

Further reading

External links

20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
American male classical composers
American classical composers
Columbia University School of the Arts alumni
Harvard University faculty
Boston University faculty
1969 births
Living people
Peabody Institute alumni
21st-century American composers
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians
American Conservatory alumni

Joshua Fineberg


Ekspress-MD2 is a Russian communications satellite which was lost due to a launch failure on 6 August 2012. Equipped with eight C-band transponders and 1 L-band transponder, it was intended to be located in geostationary orbit at a longitude of 145° East. It was the second Ekspress-MD satellite to be launched, following Ekspress-MD1 in 2009.

Launch

Ekspress-MD2 was launched atop a Proton-M launch vehicle with a Briz-M upper stage on 6 August 2012 at 19:31:00 UTC. The Indonesian Telkom-3 satellite was also carried aboard the launch vehicle. Launch occurred from Site 81/24 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The first three stages of the Proton launched worked as expected and the satellites were attached to the Briz-M upper stage which would transfer them into geosynchronous orbit. The Briz-M undertakes a series of four burns with coasting stages in order to do this. The third burn was due to be 18 minutes long but the engines cut out after 7 seconds, leaving the satellites in unusable orbits.

This was the second launch failure caused by a Briz-M within twelve months as Ekspress-AM4 was lost in August 2011 due to a computer error. Other recent launch failures included three GLONASS satellites in 2011 and Mars probe Fobos-Grunt on 8 November 2011. All Proton-M launches were suspended and all Briz-M stages were recalled. This triggered discussion on the crisis in the Russian space industry with Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev quoted as saying, "We are losing authority and billions of rubles" due to the frequent launch failures. Medvedev chaired a meeting on the issue on 14 August 2012 and President Vladimir Putin had a meeting on organisational issues. One of the suggestions is that Roscosmos could be transformed into a corporation similar to Rosatom.

Investigation

An investigation was set up by Roskosmos head Vladimir Popovkin and was headed by O.P. Skorobogatov from TsNIIMash. It was reported in early August by Russian newspaper Kommersant that the failure was caused by a fault in the fuel pipe in the Briz-M. The Khrunichev Failure Review Oversight Board found that it was caused by a faulty component in the pressurisation system.

The first Proton-M launch following this incident was the launch of Intelsat 23 on 14 October 2012. It had been postponed from August 2012 due to the launch failure. On 16 October 2012, the Briz-M exploded into eighty pieces. The director general of Khrunichev, Vladimir Nesterov, was dismissed from his post by President Vladimir Putin.

References

External links

Spacecraft launched in 2012
Satellites using the Yakhta bus
Spacecraft launched by Proton rockets
Ekspress satellites

Ekspress MD2


Kory Merrill Tarpenning (born February 27, 1962 in Portland, Oregon) is a retired American pole vaulter best known for finishing fourth at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, having previously competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul.

Career
His personal best vault was , achieved in July 1988 in Indianapolis.

Aside from his Olympic appearances, he came fourth at both the 1991 IAAF World Indoor Championships and 1994 IAAF Grand Prix Final. He also competed at the 1992 IAAF World Cup, but failed to register a valid mark. He was a four time national champion in his discipline, having won at the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships in 1988 and 1989 and the USA Indoor Track and Field Championships in 1991 and 1994. He also came second at the 1994 Prefontaine Classic, losing out to Sergey Bubka. Tarpenning tested positive for anabolic steroid use in 1997 and was suspended for two years.

After his athletic career, he moved to Monaco and was involved in the opening of the first Starbucks coffee house in the country.

References

1962 births
Living people
American expatriate sportspeople in Monaco
American male pole vaulters
Doping cases in athletics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1988 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Olympics
American sportspeople in doping cases
Olympic track and field athletes for the United States
Sheldon High School (Eugene, Oregon) alumni
Track and field athletes from Portland, Oregon

Kory Tarpenning


The Diocese of Balanga is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the Philippines, established on March 17, 1975, by Pope Paul VI. The diocese has jurisdiction over the whole province of Bataan, with 38 parishes, 5 diocesan shrines, one minor basilica, chaplaincy, quasi-parish, national shrine and chapel, and 4 vicariates. It has 11 schools as of 2017, with 10 are operated by the diocese's Diocesan Schools of Bataan (DSOB). The Diocesan Shrine and Cathedral-Parish of St. Joseph, Husband of Mary in Aguire Street, Poblacion, Balanga, serves as the seat of the diocese. It is part of the Ecclesiastical Province of San Fernando, Pampanga.

The titular patron of the Diocese of Balanga is Saint Joseph, whose feast day falls on March 19. The city fiesta is celebrated on April 28.

History
The Diocese of Balanga was established on March 17, 1975 from the territory of Archdiocese of San Fernando, Pampanga, by Pope Paul VI through the papal bull Quoniam Recte Universum. It comprises the entire civil province of Bataan, the smallest among the provinces of Central Luzon. The province is a peninsula jutting out to sea, with Manila Bay to the east, South China Sea to the west, and the province of Zambales to the north. Only 1 of the 15 priests of the diocese was a native of Bataan upon the diocese's founding in 1975.

Before this, the region was divided into two parts: the Corregimiento of Mariveles and the Province of Pampanga. The towns of Mariveles, Bagac, Morong and Maragondon, Cavite, comprised the Corregimiento of Mariveles that was under the jurisdiction of the Recollect Order of the Roman Catholic Church. The province of Pampanga included the towns of Orion, Pilar, Balanga, Abucay, Samal, Orani, Llana Hermosa and San Juan de Dinalupihan. The latter group was under the charge of the Dominican Order. Limay, the twelfth town of Bataan, was named only in 1917.

The topography of the province has made most of the inhabitants farmers or fishermen, with a sprinkling of merchants, factory workers and professionals. Recent years, however, have seen the development of manufacturing industries in the province, particularly the Free Zone in Mariveles which has brought an influx of workers from other provinces and improved living conditions of its own workers.

Historically, Bataan is most remembered, along with the island of Corregidor, as the main scene of action in the Philippines during the Second World War. These places are strategic in guarding the entrance to Manila Bay. The surrender of Filipino and American soldiers to overwhelming Japanese forces marked the Fall of Bataan in 1942. A war memorial, Dambana ng Kagitingan, now stands to honor the men who fought and died in that last stand.

During the 23-year ministry of Bishop Celso Guevarra, the diocese has continuously spread its branches  far and wide.  The number of parishes increased from 13 to 25.  In each of these parishes, one can find many concerned, committed and generous lay leaders.  Together with their parish priests, not only have they renovated and/or totally rebuilt their parish churches and convents but are actively responding to the never-ending demands of evangelization.  The major diocesan commissions, which have been established, introduced new and various apostolates in the diocese and in the parishes.

The inspiring words and assuring presence of Honesto Ongtioco, who succeeded Bishop Celso, guided the young diocese as it celebrated its 25th anniversary and as it responded to the call of Pope John Paul II at the beginning of the third millennium, "Duc in Altum."  His kindness and charity allowed the various branches of the diocesan tree to grow in different directions in pursuit of his plan to convoke a Diocesan Pastoral Assembly.  However, God has other and better plans both for Bishop Ongtioco and the diocese of Balanga.  Bishop Ongtioco has just laid the foundation for the realization of his vision when he was installed to lead the new Diocese of Cubao in Quezon City on August 28, 2003.

The diocese will celebrate its 50th anniversary in 2025.

Diocesan coat-of-arms
The miter symbolizes the pastoral authority of a bishop, which he will be exercising within the province.

The three long-stemmed lilies, symbols of Saint Joseph, the patron saint of the cathedral. According to Myth the staves of the many suitors of the Blessed Virgin Mary were gathered in the temple; the staff of Joseph bloomed to signify that he was the one chosen by God to be the head of the Holy Family. Blue signifies peace, justice and tranquility. Joseph was called "just" by the Gospel. He was a placid and silent man, too.

The three youths reading books. Bataan, the civil province co-terminus with the Diocese, means the Land of the Youth, the hope of the Fatherland. The books being read by each are respectively marked VIA, meaning Christ The Way; VERITAS, meaning Christ The Truth; and VITA, meaning Christ The Life. Overhead is the golden sun with the letters IHS, meaning Jesus. Our Lord Jesus Christ said, "I am the Light of the world" (John 8:12; 9:5). He is the "real light that comes into the world and shines on all men" (John 1:9). He is the Lamb, the lamp of the Celestial Jerusalem (Revelation 21:23), the Sun of Justice (Malachi 4:2). He also said, "I am The Way, I am The Truth, I am The Life" (John 14:6). So in the light of Christ that is explained by the church, we must study and follow and live Christ who is the way, the truth and the life. This study entails seriousness, this following of Christ means patience, this living of Christ requires perseverance—virtues signified by the red color.

50th Anniversary coat of arms
The coat of arms for the diocese's 50th anniversary also has a miter which symbolizes the bishop's pastoral authority which will be exercising within the province of Bataan and three-stemmed lilies which is the symbol of Saint Joseph.

The three red crosses symbolizes the Holy Trinity (God the Father, Jesus Christ, and the Holy Spirit), four small crosses inside a circle symbolizing the four former bishops of the diocese (Bishops Celso Guevarra, Honesto Ongtioco, Socrates Villegas, and Ruperto Santos), seven red and blue lines signifies the 7 sacraments of the Catholic Church, symbols of Dominican and Augustinian orders at the left and right side of the miter indicating that they are the missionaries who went to the province in order to teach the faith, with Dominicans built the churches of Abucay, Samal, Balanga, Orani, Pilar, Hermosa , and Orion, while the Augustinians built the Morong, Bagac, and Mariveles church. The number 50 and the years 1975 and 2025 represents the 50th anniversary of the diocese, with 1975 indicate the diocese's founding and 2025 for its 50th year. At the lower left is the letter "M" symbol (which is also used on the coat of arms of Bishop Ruperto Santos) symbolizing Virgin Mary serving as the diocese's and province's patroness under the name of Virgen Milagrosa de Orani and showing the devotion of the Bataan people to her. At the right is the map of Bataan from which the diocese has jurisdiction and authority with. At the bottom is a golden banner which has the text "Magtipon (Gather), Maglakbay (Travel), at Maghasik (Sow)" which are the theme for its 50th anniversary. "The daughters of kings, women of honor, are maidens in your courts. And standing beside you, glistening in your pure and golden glory, is the beautiful bride-to-be!" comes from Psalms 45, the word of God which is a guide for the celebration of 50 years of the diocese.

Schools
St. Catherine of Siena Academy, Samal (1960)
St. John Academy, Dinalupihan (1960)
Holy Rosary Parochial Institute, Orani (1963)
St. Michael the Archangel Academy, Orion (1982)
St. Nicholas Catholic School of Mariveles (1984)
Our Lady of the Pillar Parochial School, Morong (1992)
St. Peter of Verona Academy, Hermosa (1998)
St. Joseph's College of Balanga City, Upper Tuyo Balanga City (2006)
Blessed Regina Protmann Catholic School, Mt. View, Mariveles (2007)
St. James Catholic School of Morong (2008)
Virgen Milagrosa Del Rosario College Seminary (2015)
Colegio Santa Catarina de Alexandria, Bagac (2017)

Bishop and apostolic/diocesan administrator

The diocese is headed by a bishop which is appointed by the pope like other dioceses and installed as bishop of the diocese on his installation date, with his installation makes him become Bishop of Balanga and marks the start of his term as the diocese's bishop. When the diocese becomes vacant or a successor is not yet installed, either an apostolic administrator which is appointed by the pope or a diocesan administrator may temporarily govern the diocese until a successor is installed. The seat of the bishop is at the Diocesan Shrine and Cathedral-Parish of St. Joseph, Husband of Mary, also known as Balanga Cathedral, in Aguire Street, Poblacion, Balanga which is under the patronage of the Saint Joseph, Husband of Mary. The bishop's residence, however, is located at P. Paterno Street, also in Poblacion, Balanga.

Bishop Celso N. Guevarra was appointed by Pope Paul VI on June 4, 1975, and became the diocese's first bishop on November 8, 1975, eight months after its founding. He served as bishop of the diocese until his retirement on April 8, 1998. Guevarra is the longest-serving Bishop of Balanga, served for 22 years and 308 days.

Due to the retirement of Bishop Celso Guevarra, Pope John Paul II appointed Honesto Ongtioco as the diocese's second bishop and became bishop of the diocese two months later on June 18, 1998. Ongtioco served as bishop of Balanga until he became Bishop of Cubao on August 28, 2003.

After Honesto Ongtioco became bishop of Cubao on August 28, 2003 which ended his term as second bishop of Balanga, Antonio S. Dumaual was named as the diocese's diocesan administrator and served the position until Bishop Socrates Villegas (appointed also by Pope John Paul II as Ongtioco's successor on May 3, 2004) became the diocese's third bishop on July 3, 2004.

Socrates Villegas served as the bishop of the diocese from July 3, 2004 until he became archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan in Pangasinan on November 4, 2009. Bishops Honesto Ongtioco and Socrates Villegas both served as the diocese's bishop for 5 years.

Due to Socrates Villegas became archbishop of Lingayen-Dagupan on November 4, 2009 which ended his term as third bishop of Balanga, Victor de la Cruz Ocampo (later became Bishop of Gumaca in Quezon six years later on September 3, 2015 until his death on March 16, 2023) was named as the diocesan administrator of the diocese and served the position until Bishop Ruperto Santos (appointed by Pope Benedict XVI as Villegas' successor on April 1, 2010 and ordained on June 24, 2010) became the diocese's fourth bishop on July 8, 2010.

Bishop Ruperto Santos served as the diocese's bishop from July 8, 2010 until he became Bishop of Antipolo on July 22, 2023. Santos is the diocese's second-longest serving bishop after Bishop Celso N. Guevarra since December 2015, and the longest-serving living bishop of the diocese. He also served as the acting parish priest of St. Nicholas of Tolentino parish church in Mariveles during his 13-year tenure as bishop of Balanga from June 5, 2020 to June 4, 2023.

Due to Ruperto Santos became bishop of Antipolo on July 22, 2023 which ended his term as fourth bishop of Balanga, Pope Francis appointed Florentino Galang Lavarias, Archbishop of San Fernando, Pampanga, as the diocese's apostolic administrator. Even after Santos became Bishop of Antipolo on the said date of July 2023, his coat of arms as Bishop of Balanga continued to be used by the diocese during sede vacante period serving as a placeholder while awaiting for the installation of Santos' successor as the diocese's bishop and unveiling of the successor's coat of arms.

List of bishops of Balanga

Coat of arms of bishops of Balanga
The dates shown below are when the Diocese of Balanga used a particular bishop's coat of arms including sede vacante period serving as a placeholder while awaiting for the installation of a successor and unveiling of the successor's coat of arms.

Sede vacante and apostolic/diocesan administrators

Timeline (with motto of bishops of Balanga featured on coat of arms used by the diocese)

Priests of the diocese who became bishops
Victor C. Ocampo, became Bishop of Gumaca on September 3, 2015.

See also
Catholic Church in the Philippines
List of Catholic dioceses in the Philippines

References

External links

 Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga Official Website

Christian organizations established in 1975
Balanga
Balanga
Religion in Bataan
Balanga, Bataan

Roman Catholic Diocese of Balanga


Nattanid Leewattanavaragul (, born 16 May 1993) is a Thai racing driver currently competing in the TCR International Series and TCR Thailand Touring Car Championship. Having previously competed in the Thailand Super Series and Toyota Motorsport Trophy Thailand amongst others.

Racing career
Leewattanavaragul began her career in 2013 in the Toyota Motorsport Trophy Thailand series, finishing the season fourth in the standings. She stayed in the series for 2014, winning the Ladies Cup that year. For 2015 she switched to the Thailand Super Series, entering the Super Production C Class, Winning the class at the end of the season. In 2016 she entered the Super Production D Class of the Thailand Super Series, finishing the sixth in the championship standings. For the 2017 season she switched to the TCR Thailand Touring Car Championship, driving a SEAT León TCR for her own Morin Racing Team, she took her first victory in the series in the second race held at the Bangsaen Street Circuit.

In August 2017 it was announced that she would race in the TCR International Series, driving an SEAT León TCR for her own TCR Thailand team Morin Racing Team.

Racing record

Complete TCR International Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

† Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.
* Season still in progress.

References

External links

1993 births
Living people
TCR International Series drivers
Nattanid Leewattanavaragul
Female racing drivers
TCR Asia Series drivers
Nattanid Leewattanavaragul

Nattanid Leewattanavaragul


Betty Boop and Grampy is a 1935 Fleischer Studios animated short film starring Betty Boop. The short features Grampy in his first appearance.

Plot

Betty receives an invitation to a party from her elderly relative, Grampy. As she strolls along singing "I'm On My Way to Grampy's", she is joined by two moving men, a fireman and a traffic cop—all who irresponsibly drop everything (including a piano, a burning house and a traffic jam) to go to Grampy's party.

Grampy is an eccentric inventor, whose labor-saving devices are of the Rube Goldberg variety.  For example, he has a device that moves his entire house to the front entrance whenever the doorbell is rung. The glass shade of his ceiling light is rigged to double as a punch bowl, and he has modified an old umbrella to slice a cake into wedges.

Grampy entertains his guests by building self-playing musical instruments out of household gadgets (which then play "Hold That Tiger").  Everyone dances until they drop from exhaustion, the exception being the exuberant Grampy.

In other media

A short clip from this cartoon can be seen in the opening credits of the Futurama episode "Hell is Other Robots."

Clips from this cartoon are seen in the music video for The Outhere Brothers' "Boom Boom Boom".

A segment of music from this cartoon was sampled for the episode "Fire Dogs 2" of Ren & Stimpy "Adult Party Cartoon", when Ren dances to a flute song by Stimpy.

References

External links

 Betty Boop and Grampy on YouTube.

1935 films
Betty Boop cartoons
1930s American animated films
American black-and-white films
1935 animated films
Paramount Pictures short films
Fleischer Studios short films
Short films directed by Dave Fleischer

Betty Boop and Grampy


Oreste Migliaccio (1882–1973) was a jazz pianist, composer and prominent band leader. His band Oreste and his Queensland Orchestra were popular in the 1920s and 1930s.

Migliaccio was born in Naples, Italy in 1882. He immigrated to the United States, arriving at Ellis Island, New York on September 22, 1902. Five years later he married and was working as a musician and composer in the 1910s.

He began composing as early as 1908 when his Gatling Gun Rag was published, followed in 1910 by Mexican Belle: Novelty Dance and Wholesale Love. He also wrote Tommy and co-wrote I've Got a Ragtime Bee in My Bonnet, both in 1911, with Georgia in 1917 and "So you're goin' to be married: (God bless you)" in 1918. He was still composing as late as 1927 when he co-wrote Rosy Cheeks with Harry D. Squires and J. Donald Parker.

In 1919 he was working at the Opera Stars Confectionery Company in New York. It wasn't until the early 1920s that he was successfully working as a musician and led a band at the Peek-Inn in New York. By 1926 he was leading the orchestra at the Queensland Ballroom on Wyckoff Avenue in Brooklyn, New York. It was at this period that he began recording a considerable number of record sides for Edison with his Queensland Orchestra, recording over thirty sides from 1926 to 1929. On two of these recordings Migliaccio played solo piano. Edison was still recording the old-fashioned mechanical way and a few of the recorded titles were rejected. Some of the musicians who played in the band during this time included Jimmy Dorsey, Red Nichols and Don Murray. Many more of his compositions were published and recorded.

So popular were the Oreste Queensland Orchestra's recordings that Jazz Oracle released some of their Edison recordings in 2005 on a CD album entitled Edison Hot Dance Obscurities, Volume 2.

By 1930 he was living in Bellaire, New York in a house he had purchased. He died in 1973.

References

External links
 Anything You Say (1928) - Oreste and his Queensland Orchestra
List of Oreste and his Queensland Orchestra Recordings

1882 births
1973 deaths
American jazz bandleaders
American jazz pianists
American male pianists
20th-century American male musicians
American male jazz musicians
20th-century American pianists
Italian emigrants to the United States

Oreste Migliaccio


The Itinguçu State Park () is a state park in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Location

The Itinguçu State Park covers a group of mountains along the Atlantic coast to the southwest of the town of Peruíbe.
The park is in the municipality of Peruíbe on the south coast of São Paulo.
It is divided into two sections.
The Núcleo Itinguçu, a conservation unit in the Juréia-Itatins Mosaic of conservation units, receives most of the visitors.
The Núcleo do Arpoador is only open for visits for the purpose of education or scientific research.

To the northeast the Guaraú River separates the park from the Balneário Garça Vermelha.
The Atlantic Ocean forms the east and southeast boundary.
The Ilhas do Abrigo e Guararitama Wildlife Refuge is offshore to the east.
To the south it adjoins the Barra do Una Sustainable Development Reserve.
To the west and northwest it adjoins the Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station (ESEC), separated from the ESEC by the Una do Prelado River.
The Ilha do Ameixal Area of Relevant Ecological Interest, which lies between two arms of the Una do Prelado, intrudes into the state park.

Environment and facilities

The Itinguçu State Park contains large areas of well-preserved Atlantic Forest, waterfalls, beaches, rocky shores, mangroves and salt marsh forest.
It is rich in fauna, especially birds, including 30 species of hummingbirds and woodpeckers.
The park has administrative facilities in the Guaraú Beach community, an auditorium with capacity for 40 people, a laboratory and a craft store. It is reached from there via the Guaraú Road. In the park itself there is parking, food kiosks and toilets.
There are several marked trails with stairs and handrails.
The park has the infrastructure to conduct educational programs, and provides environmental monitors for groups.

History

The Juréia-Itatins Mosaic of conservation units  was created by law 12.406 of 12 December 2006.
It included the Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station and the newly created Itinguçu and Prelado state parks, the Despraiado and Barra do Una sustainable development reserves and the Ilhas do Abrigo e Guararitama Wildlife Refuge.
The state parks and sustainable development reserves were carved out of the ecological station.
On 11 September 2007 the procurer general of the state declared that law 12.406 was unconstitutional.
On 10 June 2009 a judgement upheld the finding of unconstitutionality.

Law 14.982 of 8 April 2013 again altered the limits of the Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station, re-categorising some areas.
These included the  Itinguçu State Park.
The law recreated the Jureia-Itatins Mosaic, which includes the park and other conservation units.
The law defined the park as a "special zone of ecotourism interest".
Work and activities in the park were to be mainly performed by the traditional residents of the conservation unit mosaic.

Notes

Sources

State parks of Brazil
Protected areas of São Paulo (state)
Protected areas established in 2006
2006 establishments in Brazil

Itinguçu State Park


The Bolus Herbarium was established in 1865 from a donation by Harry Bolus of his extensive herbarium and library to the South African College, which later became the University of Cape Town.

Its collection of specimens numbers over 320 000, making it the third largest university herbarium in the Southern Hemisphere. The collection is highly representative of the Cape Flora and also houses many type specimens. The international herbarium abbreviation BOL is used when referring to the Bolus Herbarium.

Although the building caught on fire during the 2021 Table Mountain fire, which gutted several other collections in the university including the Plant Conservation Unit, the Bolus Herbarium managed to narrowly escape being destroyed in the blaze.

History

Dr. Harry Bolus (1834-1911), a rich Cape Town businessman, began his collection in 1865 in Graaff-Reinet, and it is now the oldest functioning herbarium in the country. In 1903 Louisa Bolus who was a grand-niece of Harry Bolus was appointed a Curator of the herbarium. After his death, the South African College (which changed its name to the University of Cape Town on April 2, 1918) inherited his herbarium; a library featuring many expensive, unique, and rare books on botany; and a substantial amount of money for the maintenance and expansion of the collection. In 1924, a dedicated building was erected for the herbarium in Kirstenbosch, but it proved unsuitable later. Therefore, the herbarium was moved onto the campus in 1938. Dr. Louisa Bolus was also involved with the herbarium until her death in 1970.

Goal
Botanical and ecological research at the herbarium runs the gamut. The focus is primarily on Cape Province flora, including their taxonomy, invasive plants, biogeography, systematics, and evolution. Scientists from around the world conduct research here.

Special collections
The best-known of the several collections of plants in the herbarium are Harry Bolus's set of orchids and heaths, Dr. H.M.L. (Lulu) Bolus's Mesembryanthemum, Dr. Augusta Vera Duthie's fungi, and Henry Georges Fourcade's trees from the area between Humansdorp and George.

Bequests
Several botanists bequeathed  their collections of flora and books to the Bolus Herbarium. Among them were Dr. C. Louis Leipoldt in 1946, Fourcade in 1948, and Gen. Jan Smuts in 1950.

Publications
Between 1915 and 1928, 4 editions were published of the Annals of the Bolus Herbarium. Later, Contributions from the Bolus Herbarium appeared.

See also
List of herbaria
Isobel Agnes Arbuthnot

Bibliography
 Floyd, K.B. "The Bolus Herbarium. University of Cape Town." Lantern, tydskrif vir kennis en kultuur. Yearbook 23, no, 1, September 1973.
 Standard Encyclopaedia of Southern Africa, several vol. Cape Town: Nasou. 1970–1976.

References

External links
Official Bolus Herbarium website

Herbaria in Africa
1865 establishments in the Cape Colony
University of Cape Town buildings
Libraries in Cape Town

Bolus Herbarium


Caloptilia azaleella (azalea leaf miner) is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is endemic to Japan, but has been introduced worldwide, wherever there are Azaleas.

Distribution
Initially described in the Netherlands from plants imported from Japan, it is found throughout Europe and has also been introduced to New Zealand and eastern Australia. In the southern part of Britain it occurs in sheltered gardens including Buckingham Palace, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Royal Horticultural Society Gardens, Wisley. It has been widely reported in greenhouses. In the United States the species can be found from Florida to Texas, and as far north as Long Island, West Virginia, and the Ohio Valley. On the west coast it is found in California, Washington and British Columbia, Canada.

Description
The type locality is from Boskoop, Netherlands, and was described in 1913, from moths reared on Azalea indica, a cultivar of Rhododendron indicum, which was imported from Japan. The moths forewings are mainly dark-brown with a yellow band along the costal margin. The wingspan is  and it flies from May to October depending on location and in Britain is double-brooded and sometimes there is a partial third brood.

Ecology
Caloptilia azaleella deposits its eggs on azalea (Rhododendron spp) plants, under leaves near the midrib. Thiese are the only hosts so far recorded. The larva initially forms a mine and later rolls the leaf downwards from the tip, forming a cone. When mature a pale-brown pupa is formed in a white, membranous silken cocoon spun beneath a leaf and the moths can mate a week later.

References

External links

 Lepiforum
 Azalea Leaf Miner at UKmoths

azaleella
Leaf miners
Moths described in 1913
Endemic insects of Japan
Moths of Africa
Moths of Asia
Moths of Australia
Moths of Europe
Moths of Japan
Moths of New Zealand
Moths of North America

Caloptilia azaleella


3 Street SE station was a stop in downtown Calgary on the city's CTrain light rail system.

The 3 Street SE stop was only used by westbound Route 202 trains (but still at the junction where the Northeast and South lines converge into the 7 Avenue Transit Mall). The Platform for the station was located on the north side of 7 Avenue S between 4 Street SE and 3 Street SE. The station opened on April 27, 1985, along with the Northeast Line and was permanently closed on May 3, 2010, and demolished immediately afterward.

The 3 Street SE platform was one of three downtown platforms slated for decommissioning as part of Calgary Transit's Seventh Avenue refurbishment. This station has been replaced with the new dual-platform City Hall station located one block west which opened on July 6, 2011. From the stations closure on May 3, 2010, and until July 6, 2011, transit passengers had to use the Olympic Plaza station two blocks west.

In 2005, the station registered an average of 3,400 boardings per weekday, by far the lowest of all the stations in the downtown.

References

CTrain stations
Railway stations in Canada opened in 1985
Railway stations closed in 2010
1985 establishments in Alberta
2010 disestablishments in Alberta
Disused railway stations in Canada
Abandoned rapid transit stations

3 Street SE station


R. C. Carton (born Richard Claude Critchett, 10 May 1853 – 1 April 1928) was an English actor and playwright.

Life and career
Carton was born in London on 10 May 1853, a son of the oculist George Critchett and his wife Martha née Brooker. A brother, Anderson Critchett, later became the royal oculist. Carton trained as an architect, but turned to the theatre and began his career as an actor at the New Theatre Royal, Bristol in March 1875, in The Sea of Ice, and made his first appearance in London, at the Lyceum Theatre on 19 June 1875, as Osric in Henry Irving's production of Hamlet.

In 1876 he married Katherine Julia Mackenzie – eldest daughter of the actor Edward Compton – who acted under the stage name Katherine Compton. Carton played in Queen Mary, 1876, New Men and Old Acres, 1878, Truth, 1879, The Rivals, 1880, Low Water, 1884, The Private Secretary, 1884 and Bad Boys, 1885,  after which he retired from acting.

As a playwright his first plays were written in collaboration with Cecil Raleigh, and included The Great Pink Pearl, 1885; The Pointsman, 1887,  and The Treasure, 1888.

His first play written alone was Sunlight and Shadow, produced at the Avenue Theatre in 1890, by George Alexander. His other plays of the 1890s were Liberty Hall, St James's Theatre, 1892; Robin Goodfellow, Garrick Theatre, 1893; The Fall of the Leaf, 1893; The Home Secretary, Criterion Theatre, 1895; The Squire of Dames, Criterion, 1895; A White Elephant, Comedy Theatre, 1896; The Tree of Knowledge, St James's, 1896; Lord and Lady Algy, Avenue, 1898; and Wheels Within Wheels, Court Theatre, 1899.

Carton's plays from 1900 onwards were Lady Huntworth's Experiment, Criterion, 1900; The Ninth Waltz, Garrick, 1900; The Undercurrent, Criterion, 1901; A Clean Slate, Criterion, 1902; The Rich Mrs Repton, Duke of York's Theatre, 1904; Mr Hopkinson, Avenue, 1905; Public Opinion, Wyndham's Theatre, 1905; Lady Barbarity, Comedy, 1908; Mr Preedy and the Countess, Criterion, 1909; Lorrimer Sabiston, Dramatist, St James's, 1909; Eccentric Lord Comberdene, St James's, 1910; An Eye-Opener, London Coliseum, 1911; The Bear Leaders, Comedy, 1912; A Busy Day, Apollo Theatre, 1915;  The Off-Chance, Queen's Theatre, 1917, Nurse Benson (with Justin Huntley McCarthy), Globe Theatre, The Wonderful Visit, St Martin's Theatre, 1921; and Other People's Worries, Comedy, 1922.

Carton died in London on 1 April 1928, aged 74. His widow outlived him by a few weeks, dying at their London home on 18 May 1928.

References

Sources

External links

1853 births
1928 deaths
British writers
English actors
English male dramatists and playwrights
Male actors from London

R. C. Carton


Ian Powell Bancroft, Baron Bancroft  (23 December 1922 – 19 November 1996) was a British senior civil servant.

Life
He was born at Barrow-in-Furness, the son of a teacher. He was educated at Sir William Turner's Grammar School, Coatham and Balliol College, Oxford, where he read English. He served with the Rifle Brigade in France from 1942 to 1943, reaching the rank of Captain.

After leaving the Army he joined the Civil Service, serving as Private Secretary to the Second Secretary to the Treasury Sir Henry Wilson Smith from 1948 to 1950, to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Rab Butler from 1953 to 1955, and also to Butler as Lord Privy Seal from 1955 to 1957. He was Principal Private Secretary to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Reginald Maudling in 1964, continuing under James Callaghan until 1966, when he became an Under-Secretary to the Treasury.

In 1968 he moved to the same position in the new Civil Service Department, then to the Department of the Environment as Deputy Secretary and Director General of Organisation and Establishments from 1970 to 1972. From 1972 to 1973 he was a Commissioner of HM Customs and Excise, then Second Permanent Secretary at the Civil Service Department until 1975.

He returned to the Department of the Environment as Permanent Secretary from 1975 to 1977 before becoming Permanent Secretary to the Civil Service Department and Head of the Home Civil Service in 1978. In 1981 Margaret Thatcher abolished the Civil Service Department, effectively ending his career.

Honours
He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1971 Birthday Honours, a Knight Commander in the 1975 New Year Honours, and a Knight Grand Cross in 1979 New Year Honours.

On 15 February 1982 he was created a life peer as Baron Bancroft, of Coatham in the County of Cleveland, and took his seat in the House of Lords.

Personal life
He was married in 1950 to Jean Swaine, by whom he had two sons and a daughter. Lord Bancroft died in London in 1996.

References

1922 births
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Rifle Brigade officers
British Army personnel of World War II
Permanent Secretaries of the Civil Service Department
Permanent Under-Secretaries of State for the Environment
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
1996 deaths
People educated at Sir William Turner's Grammar School, Redcar
Life peers created by Elizabeth II

Ian Bancroft