Jackson Whiteside Eskew Kenmore (July 29, 1940 – February 6, 2016), known professionally as Jack Eskew, was an American arranger and orchestrator based in Los Angeles, California. He studied music at the University of Southern California before beginning his career in the early 1960s by touring the United States as a trumpeter with various bands, most prominently with Harry James.

Later in the 1960s, he led the band at Disneyland that appeared nightly in the famous subterranean rising stage, playing trumpet and piano. He subsequently became music director at Disneyland. During the 1960s and '70s, he musically supervised such television shows as the classic The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, The Sonny and Cher Show, and The Mac Davis Show.

From the early 1980s, Eskew worked with Oscar-winning film composer Bill Conti (best known for his scores of the Rocky series and The Right Stuff) and subsequently orchestrated The Karate Kid series, Baby Boom, Betrayed, A Prayer for the Dying, Broadcast News, The Addams Family, Rookie of the Year, Huckleberry Finn, The Big Blue, the Pierce Brosnan remake of The Thomas Crown Affair, Spy Hard, 8 Seconds, and Rocky Balboa, among others. Continuing his long collaboration with Conti, Eskew also orchestrated numerous telecasts of the annual Academy Awards with Conti serving at the helm as musical director and on-air conductor.

Eskew was nominated three times for an Emmy Award, sharing with Conti the 1994 winning award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Direction, The 64th Annual Academy Awards.

References

External links
  (Incomplete)
 Emmy Site (Scroll down on linked page)

1940 births
2016 deaths
American music arrangers
American trumpeters
American male trumpeters
American pianists
Musicians from Los Angeles
USC Thornton School of Music alumni
American male pianists

Jack Eskew


The National Security Bureau (NSB; ) is the principal intelligence agency of Taiwan.

History
The organization was created in 1955 by a ROC Presidential Directive from Chiang Kai-shek, to supervise and coordinate all security-related administrative organizations, military agencies and KMT organizations in Taiwan. Earlier, the bureau was nicknamed "China's CIA" or "CCIA".

The first Director-General of National Security Bureau was a three-star army general , with a background in military intelligence, who once was the deputy of the controversial Bureau of Investigation and Statistics of the National Military Council. (The "Military-Statistics Bureau" served under Dai Li, and even assumed command the "Military-Statistics Bureau" after the death of Dai Li in March 1946. As a result, the National Security Bureau is often seen as one of several successors to the Military-Statistics Bureau.)

Initially, National Security Bureau did not have its own field officers or operatives. However, in order to strengthen its ability to guide and coordinate other intelligence agencies, NSB soon developed its own field intelligence officers and training pool.

The National Security Bureau was involved in the 1980 murder of lawyer and opposition politician Lin I-hsiung and his family.

Legalization
On 1 January 1994, shortly after the respective organic laws of the National Security Council and NSB were promulgated by the order of the ROC President Lee Teng-hui on 30 December 1993, the National Security Bureau became a legal institution.

Recent events
Though a few known intelligence failures of the National Security Bureau have surfaced in recent years, supporters have pointed out that the agency rarely, if ever, publicizes any successful operations.

On 1 June 2000, a former NSB official who was a retired one-star army general made a personal visit to the PRC and was detained three days later by the PRC Ministry of State Security.

A former chief cashier of NSB, Liu Kuan-chun (劉冠軍), was suspected of embezzling more than NT$192 million (US$5.65 million) from a batch of money returned from Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 4 April 1999. According to the National Bureau of Investigation, Ministry of Justice, Liu left the country on 3 September 2000, for Shanghai, PRC. He reappeared in Bangkok in January 2002 and then went to North America. Liu is still on the run.

In the afternoon of 19 March 2004, President Chen Shui-bian and Vice President Annette Lu were wounded by gunfire on the day before the presidential election, while they were campaigning in Tainan. This act of violence caused shock in Taiwan, and led to a serious personnel review. The Control Yuan impeached nine officials for dereliction of duty.
 Among those were former National Security Bureau (NSB) chief Tsai Chao-ming (蔡朝明), former deputy chief of the NSB special service center Chiu Chung-nan (邱忠男). The Control Yuan said in an impeachment report that the National Security Bureau had received information on 18 March 2004 about a possible attack on the president, but did not take the report seriously.

In 2004, former US State Department Deputy Assistant Secretary Donald W. Keyser has been arrested by the FBI for illegally handing over documents to two Taiwanese NSB officials who served as intelligence liaison officers in USA. Immediately, the director general of NSB, General Hsueh Shih-ming, had recalled crucial intelligence agents from the United States.

The loyalty of NSB officials to the Democratic Progressive Party is constantly questioned. Traditionally, career personnel of law enforcement, intelligence agencies, and military organizations in Taiwan are labeled as pan-blue because most of them have been lifelong Kuomintang members. However, while the DPP is in power, the National Security Bureau has been attacked by the KMT and People First Party for alleged abuses of power.  Despite statements from several NSB Directors General on the political neutrality of the organization, some controversial events have still occurred.

In 2004, Chen Feng-lin (陳鳳麟), a colonel of the logistics department, Special Service Center, National Security Bureau, confessed that he leaked classified information regarding security measures at President Chen Shui-bian's residence as well as the president's itinerary to Peng Tzu-wen (彭子文), a former director of the center who retired as a major general.  Peng, a retired one-star general, revealed on TV that he would not "take a bullet for President Chen."
In August 2005, Peng Tzu-wen was indicted for leaking national secrets on TV and for potentially putting Chen's life in jeopardy.

Structure
The National Security Bureau is subordinate to the National Security Council (NSC). Under the chain of command, the NSC is under the direct administration of the President. However, the Director-General of the National Security Bureau usually can and does report directly to the President, bypassing the NSC.

Chiefs
Traditionally, the successive bureau chiefs were exclusively military officers with the rank of three-star general, though this has changed in recent years. In 2003, President Chen Shui-bian appointed Wang Ginn-wang, a former Director-General of National Police Agency with a career police background, to the post of NSB Deputy Director-General. In 2007, Shi Hwei-yow, a former judge from the Taipei district court, former Director-General of the Coast Guard Administration, and at the time the Deputy Director-General of NSB, replaced a three-star army general (Hsueh Shih-ming) as the first civilian Director-General of National Security Bureau.

Field Divisions
As result of institutionalizing operations, the NSB now has six intelligence-related divisions --
 International intelligence
 Intelligence within the area of People's Republic of China
 Intelligence within the area of Taiwan
 Analysis of the nation's strategic intelligence
 Scientific and technological intelligence and telecommunications security
 Control and development of secret codes (the matrix) and facilities
 Armed Forces Internet Security

Centers
Also, there are three centers:
 Special Service Command Center: Presidential Security and Protection
 Telecommunication Technology Center (Code Name: Breeze Garden, or :zh:清風園)
 Training Center

Oversight
This is also a special feature of the NSB since martial law was lifted. In addition to managing intelligence relevant to national security, it also takes charge of planning special tasks and is responsible for guiding, coordinating, and supporting the intelligence affairs in military and civil categories:

Military
The Military Intelligence Bureau, General Staff Headquarters, Ministry of National Defense (MND)
Office of Telecommunication Development, General Staff Headquarters, Ministry of National Defense (MND)
General Political Warfare Bureau, Ministry of National Defense (MND)
The Military Security General Corps, General Staff Headquarters, MND (Formerly, the Counter Intelligence General Corps of General Political Warfare Bureau, NMD)
The Military Police Command, Ministry of National Defense (MND)

Civil
The National Police Agency of the Ministry of the Interior
The National Immigration Agency of the Ministry of the Interior
Bureau of Investigation of the Ministry of Justice
The Coast Guard Administration of Executive Yuan.

Directors-General
  (August 1954 – 11 December 1959)
 Chen Ta-ching (12 December 1959 – 30 November 1962)'
  (1 December 1962 – 30 June 1967)
 Chou Chung-feng (1 July 1967 – 30 June 1972)
 Wang Yung-shu (1 July 1972 – 30 November 1981)
  (1 December 1981 – 14 December 1985)
  (15 December 1985 – 31 July 1993)
  (1 August 1993 – 31 January 1999)
  (1 February 1999 – 15 August 2001)
 Tsai Chao-ming (16 August 2001 – 31 March 2004)
 Hsueh Shih-ming (1 April 2004 – 6 February 2007)
  (7 February 2007 – 19 June 2008)
 Tsai Chao-ming (20 June 2008 – 10 March 2009)
 Tsai De-sheng (11 March 2009 – 11 May 2014; acting until 30 April 2009)
 Lee Shying-jow (12 May 2014 – 23 July 2015)
 Yang Kuo-chiang (24 July 2015 – 25 October 2016)
 Peng Sheng-chu (26 October 2016 – 22 July 2019)
 Ko Cheng-heng (23 July 2019) (acting)
 Chiu Kuo-cheng (24 July 2019 – 22 February 2021)
 Chen Ming-tong (23 February 2021 – 31 January 2023)
 Tsai Ming-yen (31 January 2023 – present)

See also
 National Security Council (Taiwan)

References

External links

Taiwanese intelligence agencies
Law enforcement agencies of Taiwan
1955 establishments in Taiwan

National Security Bureau (Taiwan)


The Gothenburg dialect () is the form of Swedish spoken in the city of Gothenburg with surroundings, and forms a part of the Götamål dialect area of western Sweden.

History
The origins of the Gothenburg dialect can be traced to the industrialisation of the city in the late 19th century. The demand for factory workers caused rapid population growth through a large influx of people from the countryside, bringing with them their local dialects. These mainly belonged to the Götamål dialects, but also more distant Swedish dialects. As the new urban population adapted their speech, the different dialects mixed to create a new regional standard, and the children of the newcomers to the city—the second generation of Gothenburgers—were the first to natively speak what developed to become the Gothenburg dialect in the late 19th and early 20th century. One of the earliest uses of the word  ("the Gothenburg dialect") is found in an 1891 article in the local newspaper Göteborgs Weckoblad. The Gothenburg dialect is as such a relatively new dialect compared to other Götamål dialects.

The dialect has been gradually converging with Standard Swedish over time, while some specific aspects of the dialect also have been intensified. At the same time, the dialect is spreading throughout Metropolitan Gothenburg and gaining ground in the more traditional Götamål-speaking areas outside the city. A study of secondary school students in the late 1990s found that the strongest dialectal aspects were found among students in the surrounding municipalities rather than in Gothenburg Municipality itself. The municipalities of Kungälv, Kungsbacka, Lerum, and Stenungsund now form part of the dialect continuum, while localities on the fringes of the metropolitan area like Uddevalla and Borås hold on to their more traditional dialects, like Västgötska.

Status
Most speakers of the dialect are proud of it, and the Gothenburg dialect is also popular among other Swedes who commonly view it as happy, carefree, open, and sexy.

Citations

References

Culture in Gothenburg
Swedish dialects

Gothenburg dialect


Isireli Bobo (born 28 January 1976), is a Fijian rugby union footballer.

Early career

Early in his career, he played for Grupo Dramático e Sportivo Cascais, a Portuguese team.
He was in the Nawaqavesi 7s and was subsequently picked to play at the Japan 7s in 1998. He also played with the Fiji sevens side at the Dubai and Durban sevens circuits. He then signed with Spanish club UCM Canoe, and the side went on to win the King's Cup in the 2001 season.

He returned to Fiji for the 2002 season and went on to captain the sevens side in 2003, as well as becoming a try-scoring machine; scoring 22 in just three tournaments.

2003–2010
He subsequently signed with Wellington for the National Provincial Championship (NPC). He played 13 matches for the Wellington club, scoring seven tries. He then was called up to the Super 12, and played five games for the Hurricanes.

He made his international debut for Fiji on 5 June 2004 in a match against Tonga in Nuku'alofa which Fiji won by one point, 27 to 26, with Bobo scoring the winning try. He earned his second cap for Fiji on 12 June in the win over Samoa. In July he played four times for the Pacific Islanders team (a combination of the best Fijian, Samoan and Tongan footballers).

He scored a try for Biarritz Olympique in the 2005–06 Heineken Cup final against Munster, though Biarritz eventually lost the final 23 points to 19. However, Biarritz made it to the final of the 2005–06 Top 14 as well, and were victorious against Toulouse, with Bobo scoring one of Biarritz's tries. He finished the season as Biarritz's top try scorer, and second in the overall competition. In 2007 Bobo signed for Racing Métro and was called up -as a reserve- to the Fiji 2007 Rugby World Cup squad, playing in the quarter final loss to the eventual winners South Africa.

2010–present
In June 2013, he heeded the call of his nation by joining the team for the 2013 IRB Pacific Nations Cup, In the first minute of their game against Japan, he made a break passing the ball onto his winger, Adriu Delai who ran 20 metres and passed it to him to score. He could not travel to Canada due to visa delays but was instrumental in Fiji's next 2 games and in their last game against Tonga, he ran 60 metres to score Fiji's first try and helped Fiji win the PNC for the very first time. He signed a contract with a Japanese club, NTT DoCoMo Red Hurricanes for 5 years which means he will play for the club till the age of 42.

On 14 June 2014, he became the oldest player ever to represent Fiji when he ran onto the field at 38 years and 137 days old against Tonga.

He left Japan and joined Top 14 side La Rochelle in late 2014. After a successful season, he retired from Rugby at the end of the season only to be recalled again by Top 14 Giants, Toulon as a 'medical joker' for the duration of the 2015 Rugby World Cup in which he scored 3 tries in 5 games and on 1 November, newly promoted club Pau signed him on from Toulon for the remainder of the 2015–16 Top 14 season.

References

External links

 Fiji profile

1976 births
Fijian rugby union players
Living people
Rugby union wings
Biarritz Olympique players
Racing 92 players
NTT DoCoMo Red Hurricanes Osaka players
Wellington rugby union players
Hurricanes (rugby union) players
Fiji international rugby union players
Pacific Islanders rugby union players
Fijian expatriate rugby union players
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Expatriate rugby union players in New Zealand
Expatriate rugby union players in Portugal
Expatriate rugby union players in Japan
Expatriate rugby union players in Italy
Fijian expatriate sportspeople in New Zealand
Fijian expatriate sportspeople in France
Fijian expatriate sportspeople in Japan
Fijian expatriate sportspeople in Portugal
Fijian expatriate sportspeople in Italy
Fiji international rugby sevens players
Male rugby sevens players
People from Rakiraki
I-Taukei Fijian people
Stade Rochelais players
RC Toulon players
Section Paloise players
2007 Rugby World Cup players

Sireli Bobo


Thomas Hinds Duggan (20 April 1815 – 26 December 1865) was an early Texas settler and two-time Texas State Senator from Guadalupe County, Texas.

Duggan was born in Jefferson County, Mississippi to Edmund Duggan and the former Elizabeth Alston. He married Elizabeth Berry on 20 May 1834. As a young man in Rodney, Mississippi, he worked as a merchant outfitting parties leaving for Texas. After applying to empresario Joseph Vehlein for land in 1835, he and family first moved to Austin in the fall of 1839. When Indian attacks on the then-frontier town became too much, Duggan moved his family, eventually settling just east of Seguin in present-day Guadalupe County, Texas. When Guadalupe County was organized in 1846, he was its first County Clerk.

In 1850, Duggan was first elected to the Texas Senate from the 23rd District for service in the Fourth Texas Legislature. After a failed bid for re-election, Duggan was again elected in 1858, this time from the 27th district, to serve in the Eighth Legislature. It was during this session he voted for secession prior to the Civil War. After losing a re-election bid to Stephen Heard Darden (for the 25th district), Duggan, at age 46, joined the Texas militia. His service during the conflict was limited to Texas.

At the close of the Civil War, Duggan, as a politician, was required to have a presidential pardon. Though it was not necessary that he do it in person — he journeyed to Washington, D.C. where he secured a pardon from Andrew Johnson. The hardships of the journey aggravated an old injury, and after his return to Seguin, he died on 26 December 1865. He is buried in the San Geronimo Cemetery.

Duggan was the grandfather of Texas State Senator Arthur Pope Duggan.

References

1815 births
1865 deaths
Texas state senators
19th-century American politicians

Thomas Hinds Duggan


В тази статия е представен списък на победителите на наградите Айзнър, сортирани по категории.

Личности

Най-добър писател
 1988 Алън Мур, Пазителите
 1989 Алън Мур, Батман: Убийствената шега
 1991 Нийл Геймън, Пясъчен човек
 1992 Нийл Геймън, Пясъчен човек; Книгата на магиите; Миракълмен
 1993 Нийл Геймън, Миракълмен; Пясъчен човек
 1994 Нийл Геймън, Пясъчен човек
 1995 Алън Мур, От Ада
 1996 Алън Мур, От Ада
 1997 Алън Мур, От Ада; Supreme
 1998 Гарт Енис, Хитмен; Проповедникът; Незнайният войн; Кървавата Мери
 1999 Кърт Бусиек, Астро-град; Отмъстителите
 2000 Алън Мур, Лигата на необикновените, Прометея, Том Стронг, Утрешни истории, Топ 10
 2001 Алън Мур, Лигата на необикновените, Прометея, Том Стронг, Утрешни истории, Топ 10
 2002 Брайън Майкъл Бендис, Пауърс; Псевдоним, Деърдевил, Върховният Спайдър-Мен
 2003 Брайън Майкъл Бендис, Пауърс; Псевдоним, Деърдевил, Върховният Спайдър-Мен
 2004 Алън Мур, Лигата на необикновените, Прометея, Есмакс, Том Стронг
 2005 Брайън К. Вон, Y: Последният човек; Ex Machina; Бегълците, Върховният X-Мен
 2006 Алън Мур, Прометея, Топ 10
 2007 Ед Брубейкър, Капитан Америка, Деърдевил; Criminal
 2008 Ед Брубакър, Капитан Америка, Деърдевил; Criminal and Безсмъртният Железен юмрук
 2009 Бил Уилигъм, Басни, Къщата на мистериите
 2010 Ед Брубейкър, Капитан Америка, Деърдевил, Criminal, Инкогнито

Най-добър художник/писател
 1988 Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons, Watchmen (DC)
 1989 Paul Chadwick, Concrete (Dark Horse)
 1991 Frank Miller and Geof Darrow
 1992 Peter David and Dale Keown, The Incredible Hulk (Marvel)
 1993 Frank Miller, Sin City, Dark Horse Presents (Dark Horse) – Best Writer/Artist
 1993 Mike Baron and Steve Rude, Nexus: The Origin (Dark Horse) – Best Writer/Artist Team
 1994 Jeff Smith, Bone (Cartoon Books)
 1995 Mike Mignola, Hellboy: Seed of Destruction (Dark Horse/Legend)
 1996 David Lapham, Stray Bullets (El Capitan)
 2009 Chris Ware, Acme Novelty Library (Acme)
 2010 David Mazzucchelli, Asterios Polyp (Pantheon)

Най-добър художник/писател: Драма
 1997 Mike Mignola, Hellboy: Wake the Devil (Dark Horse/Legend) – Best Writer/Artist: Drama
 1998 Mike Mignola, Hellboy: Almost Colossus; Hellboy Christmas Special; Hellboy Junior Halloween Special (Dark Horse) – Best Writer/Artist: Drama
 1999 Frank Miller, 300 (Dark Horse)
 2000 Daniel Clowes, Eightball (Fantagraphics)
 2001 Eric Shanower, Age of Bronze (Image)
 2002 Daniel Clowes, Eightball (Fantagraphics)
 2003 Eric Shanower, Age of Bronze (Image)
 2004 Craig Thompson, Blankets (Top Shelf)
 2005 Paul Chadwick, Concrete: The Human Dilemma (Dark Horse)
 2006 Geof Darrow, Shaolin Cowboy (Burlyman)
 2007 Paul Pope, Batman: Year 100 (DC)
 2008 Chris Ware, Acme Novelty Library #18 (Acme Novelty)

Най-добър художник/писател: Комедия
 1995 Jeff Smith, Bone (Cartoon Books)
 1996 Sergio Aragones, Groo (Image)
 1997 Don Rosa, Walt Disney's Comics & Stories; Uncle Scrooge (Egmont)
 1998 Jeff Smith, Bone (Cartoon Books)
 1999 Kyle Baker, You Are Here (DC/Vertigo)
 2000 Kyle Baker, I Die at Midnight (DC/Vertigo); "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter" in Elseworlds 80-Page Giant (DC)
 2001 Tony Millionaire, Maakies (Fantagraphics), Sock Monkey (Dark Horse/Maverick)
 2002 Evan Dorkin, Dork! (Slave Labor)
 2003 Tony Millionaire, House at Maakies Corner (Fantagraphics)
 2004 Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); The New Baker (Kyle Baker Publishing)
 2005 Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); Kyle Baker, Cartoonist (Kyle Baker Publishing)
 2006 Kyle Baker, Plastic Man (DC); The Bakers (Kyle Baker Publishing)
 2007 Tony Millionaire, Billy Hazelnuts (Fantagraphics); Sock Monkey: The Inches Incident (Dark Horse)
 2008 Eric Powell, The Goon (Dark Horse)

Най-добър художник/писател: Фантастика
 2010 Joe Sacco, Footnotes in Gaza (Metropolitan/Holt)

Best Painter/Multimedia Artist (Interior Art)
 1993 Dave Dorman, Aliens: Tribes (Dark Horse)
 1994 Alex Ross, Marvels (Marvel)
 1995 Jon J. Muth, Mystery Play (DC/Vertigo)
 1996 John Bolton, Batman: Man-Bat (DC)
 1997 Alex Ross, Kingdom Come (DC)
 1998 Alex Ross, Uncle Sam (DC/Vertigo)
 1999 Alex Ross, Superman: Peace on Earth (DC)
 2000 Alex Ross, Batman: War on Crime (DC)
 2001 Jill Thompson, Scary Godmother (Sirius)
 2002 Charles Vess, Rose (Cartoon Books)
 2003 George Pratt, Wolverine: Netsuke (Marvel)
 2004 Jill Thompson, "Stray", in The Dark Horse Book of Hauntings (Dark Horse)
 2005 Teddy Kristiansen, It's a Bird... (Vertigo/DC)
 2006 José Ladrönn, Hip Flask: Mystery City (Active Images)
 2007 Jill Thompson, "A Dog and His Boy" in The Dark Horse Book of Monsters; "Love Triangle" in Sexy Chix (Dark Horse); "Fair Division", in Fables: 1001 Nights of Snowfall (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 Eric Powell, The Goon: Chinatown (Dark Horse)
 2009 Jill Thompson, Magic Trixie, Magic Trixie Sleeps Over (HarperCollins Children's Books)
 2010 Jill Thompson, Beasts of Burden (Dark Horse); Magic Trixie and the Dragon (HarperCollins Children's Books)

Най-добър художник/график
 1988 Steve Rude, Nexus (First)
 1989 Brian Bolland, Batman: The Killing Joke (DC)
 1991 Steve Rude – Best Artist
 1991 Al Williamson – Best Inker
 1992 Simon Bisley, Batman: Judgement on Gotham (DC) – Best Artist
 1992 Adam Kubert, Batman versus Predator (DC and Dark Horse) – Best Inker
 1993 Steve Rude, Nexus: The Origin (Dark Horse) – Best Penciller
 1993 Kevin Nowlan, Batman: Sword of Azrael (DC) – Best Inker
 1993 Frank Miller, Sin City, Dark Horse Presents (Dark Horse) – Best Penciller/Inker, Black & White Publication
 1993 P. Craig Russell, Fairy Tales of Oscar Wilde (NBM); Robin 3000; Legends of the Dark Knight: Hothouse (DC) – Best Penciller/Inker, Color Publication
 1994 P. Craig Russell, The Sandman #50 (DC)
 1995 Dave Gibbons, Martha Washington Goes to War (Dark Horse)
 1996 Geof Darrow, The Big Guy and Rusty the Boy Robot (Dark Horse/Legend)
 1997 Steve Rude, Nexus: Executioner's Song (Dark Horse) – Best Penciller
 1997 Al Williamson, Spider-Man, Untold Tales of Spider-Man #17 – 18 (Marvel) – Best Inker
 1997 Charles Vess, Book of Ballads and Sagas (Green Man Press); Sandman #75 (DC/Vertigo) – Best Penciller/Inker or Penciller/Inker Team
 1998 P. Craig Russell, Elric: Stormbringer (Dark Horse/Topps); Dr. Strange: What Is It That Disturbs You, Stephen? (Marvel)
 1999 Tim Sale, Superman for All Seasons (DC); Grendel Black, White, and Red #1 (Dark Horse)
 2000 Kevin Nowlan, "Jack B. Quick", Tomorrow Stories (ABC)
 2001 P. Craig Russell, Ring of the Nibelung (Dark Horse/Maverick)
 2002 Eduardo Risso, 100 Bullets (DC/Vertigo)
 2003 Kevin O'Neill, League of Extraordinary Gentlemen (ABC)
 2004 John Cassaday, Planetary, Planetary/Batman: Night on Earth (WildStorm/DC); Hellboy Weird Tales (Dark Horse)
 2005 TIE John Cassaday, Astonishing X-Men (Marvel); Planetary (WildStorm/DC); I Am Legion: The Dancing Faun (Humanoids/DC) and Frank Quitely, WE3 (Vertigo/DC)
 2006 John Cassaday, Astonishing X-Men (Marvel); Planetary (WildStorm/DC)
 2007 Mark Buckingham/Steve Leialoha, Fables (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 Pia Guerra/Jose Marzan, Jr., Y: The Last Man (Vertigo/DC)
 2009 Guy Davis, BPRD (Dark Horse)
 2010 J. H. Williams III, Detective Comics (DC)

Най-добър художествен екип
 1988 Steve Rude, Willie Blyberg and Ken Steacy, Space Ghost Special (Comico)
 1989 Alan Davis and Paul Neary, Excalibur (Marvel)

Най-добро оцветяване
 1992 Steve Oliff, Legends of the Dark Knight (DC), 2112 (Dark Horse), and Akira (Marvel)
 1993 Steve Oliff/Olyoptics, Legends of the Dark Knight #28-#30, Martian Manhunter: American Secrets (DC); James Bond 007: Serpent's Tooth (Dark Horse); Spawn (Image)
 1994 Steve Oliff and Rueben Rude/Olyoptics, Spawn (Image)
 1995 Angus McKie, Martha Washington Goes to War (Dark Horse)
 1996 Chris Ware, The Acme Novelty Library (Fantagraphics)
 1997 Matt Hollingsworth, Preacher; Death: The Time of Your Life (DC/Vertigo); Bloody Mary (DC/Helix); Challengers of the Unknown (DC)
 1998 Chris Ware, The Acme Novelty Library (Fantagraphics)
 1999 Lynn Varley, 300 (Dark Horse)
 2000 Laura DePuy, The Authority; Planetary (DC/Wildstorm)
 2001 Chris Ware, Acme Novelty Library #14 (Fantagraphics)
 2002 Laura DePuy, Ruse (CrossGen), Ministry of Space (Image)
 2003 Dave Stewart, Hellboy: The Third Wish, The Amazing Screw-On Head, Star Wars: Empire (Dark Horse); Human Target: Final Cut, Doom Patrol (DC/Vertigo); Tom Strong (ABC); Captain America (Marvel)
 2004 Patricia Mulvihill, Batman, Wonder Woman (DC), 100 Bullets (Vertigo/DC)
 2005 Dave Stewart, Daredevil, Ultimate X-Men, Ultimate Six, Captain America (Marvel); Conan, BPRD (Dark Horse); DC: The New Frontier (DC)
 2006 Chris Ware, The Acme Novelty Library #16 (Acme Novelty)
 2007 Dave Stewart, BPRD, Conan, The Escapists, Hellboy (Dark Horse); Action Comics, Batman/The Spirit, Superman (DC)
 2008 Dave Stewart, BPRD, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Cut, Hellboy, Lobster Johnson, The Umbrella Academy (Dark Horse); The Spirit (DC)
 2009 Dave Stewart, Abe Sapien: The Drowning, BPRD, The Goon, Hellboy, Solomon Kane, The Umbrella Academy (Dark Horse); Body Bags (Image); Captain America: White (Marvel)
 2010 Dave Stewart, Abe Sapien, BPRD, The Goon, Hellboy, Solomon Kane, The Umbrella Academy, Zero Killer (Dark Horse); Detective Comics (DC); Luna Park (Vertigo)

Най-образователен комикс
 1993 Todd Klein, The Sandman, The Demon (DC)
 1994 Todd Klein, Sandman (DC)
 1995 Todd Klein, Batman versus Predator II (DC/Dark Horse); The Demon (DC), Sandman (DC/Vertigo); Uncle Scrooge (Gladstone)
 1996 Stan Sakai, Groo (Image); Usagi Yojimbo (Mirage)
 1997 Todd Klein, Sandman; Death: The Time of Your Life; House of Secrets; The Dreaming (DC/Vertigo); Batman; The Spectre; Kingdom Come (DC)
 1998 Todd Klein, Batman; Batman: Poison Ivy (DC); The Dreaming; House of Secrets; The Invisibles; Uncle Sam (DC/Vertigo); Uncle Scrooge Adventures (Gladstone); Castle Waiting (Olio)
 1999 Todd Klein, Castle Waiting (Olio); House of Secrets; The Invisibles; The Dreaming (DC/Vertigo)
 2000 Todd Klein, Promethea; Tom Strong; Tomorrow Stories; Top 10 (ABC); The Dreaming; Gifts of the Night; The Invisibles; Sandman Presents: Lucifer (DC/Vertigo)
 2001 Todd Klein, Promethea; Tom Strong; Tomorrow Stories; Top 10 (ABC); The Invisibles; The Dreaming (DC/Vertigo); Castle Waiting (Cartoon Books)
 2002 Todd Klein, Promethea; Tom Strong; Tomorrow Stories; Top 10, Greyshirt (ABC); Sandman Presents: Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Dreams But Were Afraid to Ask (DC/Vertigo); Detective Comics; The Dark Knight Strikes Again (DC); Castle Waiting (Olio); Universe X (Marvel)
 2003 Todd Klein, Dark Knight Strikes Again; Detective Comics; Wonder Woman: The Hiketeia (DC); Fables; Human Target: Final Cut (DC/Vertigo); Promethea; Tom Strong (ABC); Castle Waiting (Olio)
 2004 Todd Klein, Detective Comics(DC); Fables, Sandman: Endless Nights (Vertigo/DC); Tom Strong, Promethea (ABC); Marvel 1602 (Marvel)
 2005 Todd Klein, Promethea; Tom Strong; Tom Strong's Terrific Tales (ABC); Wonder Woman (DC); Books of Magick: Life During Wartime; Fables; WE3 (Vertigo/DC); Creatures of the Night (Dark Horse)
 2006 Todd Klein, Wonder Woman, Justice, Seven Soldiers #0 (DC); Desolation Jones (Wildstorm/DC); Promethea, Tomorrow Stores Special, Top 10: The 49ers (ABC); Fables (Vertigo); 1602: New World (Marvel)
 2007 Todd Klein, Fables, Jack of Fables, Fables: 1001 Nights of Snowfall; Pride of Baghdad, Testament (Vertigo/DC); 1602: Fantastick Four, Eternals (Marvel); Lost Girls (Top Shelf)
 2008 Todd Klein, Justice, Simon Dark (DC); Fables, Jack of Fables, Crossing Midnight (Vertigo/DC); League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: The Black Dossier (WildStorm/DC); Nexus (Rude Dude)
 2009 Chris Ware, Acme Novelty Library #19 (Acme)
 2010 David Mazzucchelli, Asterios Polyp (Pantheon)

Най-добър герой от корица
 1992 Brian Bolland, Animal Man (DC)
 1993 Brian Bolland, Animal Man; Wonder Woman (DC)
 1994 Brian Bolland, Animal Man; Wonder Woman (DC)
 1995 Glenn Fabry, Hellblazer (DC/Vertigo)
 1996 Alex Ross, Kurt Busiek's Astro City (Jukebox Productions/Image)
 1997 Alex Ross, Kingdom Come (DC); Kurt Busiek's Astro City (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1998 Alex Ross, Kurt Busiek's Astro City (Jukebox Productions/Homage); Uncle Sam (DC/Vertigo)
 1999 Brian Bolland, The Invisibles (DC/Vertigo)
 2000 Alex Ross, Batman: No Man's Land; Batman: Harley Quinn; Batman: War on Crime (DC); Kurt Busiek's Astro City (Homage/Wildstorm/DC); ABC alternate #1 covers
 2001 Brian Bolland, Batman: Gotham Knights; The Flash (DC); The Invisibles (DC/Vertigo)
 2002 Dave Johnson, Detective Comics (DC); 100 Bullets (DC/Vertigo)
 2003 Adam Hughes, Wonder Woman (DC)
 2004 James Jean, Fables (Vertigo/DC); Batgirl (DC)
 2005 James Jean, Fables (Vertigo/DC); Green Arrow, Batgirl (DC)
 2006 James Jean, Fables (Vertigo/DC); Runaways (Marvel)
 2007 James Jean, Fables, Jack of Fables, Fables: 1001 Nights of Snowfall (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 James Jean, Fables (Vertigo/DC); The Umbrella Academy (Dark Horse); Process Recess 2; Superior Showcase 2 (AdHouse)
 2009 James Jean, Fables (Vertigo/DC); The Umbrella Academy (Dark Horse)
 2010 J. H. Williams III, Detective Comics (DC)

Talent Deserving of Wider Recognition
 1995 Evan Dorkin (Milk and Cheese, Hectic Planet, Dork, Instant Piano)
 1996 Stan Sakai (Usagi Yojimbo)
 1997 Ricardo Delgado (Age of Reptiles)
 1998 Linda Medley (Castle Waiting)
 1999 Brian Michael Bendis (Jinx, Goldfish, Torso)
 2000 Tony Millionaire (Sock Monkey)
 2001 Alex Robinson (Box Office Poison)
 2002 Dylan Horrocks (Hicksville, Atlas)
 2003 Jason Shiga, Fleep (Sparkplug Comics)
 2004 Derek Kirk Kim, (Same Difference & Other Stories)
 2005 Sean McKeever (The Waiting Place, Mary Jane, Inhumans, Sentinel)
 2006 Aaron Renier (Spiral-Bound)
 2007 Hope Larson (Gray Horses, Oni)

Специална награда
 2008 Chuck BB, Black Metal (artist, Oni)

Най-добър редактор
 1992 Karen Berger, The Sandman; Shade: the Changing Man; Kid Eternity; Books of Magic (DC)
 1993 Archie Goodwin, Legends of the Dark Knight; Batman: Sword of Azrael; Deadman: Exorcism (DC)
 1994 Karen Berger, The Sandman (DC) (tie)
 1994 Mike Carlin (DC) (tie)
 1995 Karen Berger, The Sandman; Sandman Mystery Theatre (DC/Vertigo)
 1996 Stuart Moore, Swamp Thing; The Invisibles; Preacher (DC/Vertigo) (tie)
 1996 Bronwyn Taggart, The Big Book of Weirdos; The Big Book of Conspiracies; Brooklyn Dreams; Stuck Rubber Baby (Paradox Press) (tie)
 1997 Dan Raspler, Kingdom Come; Hitman; The Spectre; Sergio Aragones Destroys the DC Universe (DC)

Works

Best Single Issue/Single Story
 1988 Gumby Summer Fun Special #1, by Bob Burden and Art Adams (Comico)
 1989 Kings in Disguise #1, by James Vance and Dan Burr (Kitchen Sink)
 1991 Concrete Celebrates Earth Day, by Paul Chadwick, Charles Vess and Jean Giraud (also known as Moebius) (Dark Horse Comics)
 1992 Sandman #22 – 28, by Neil Gaiman and various artists (DC)
 1993 Nexus: The Origin by Mike Baron and Steve Rude (Dark Horse)
 1994 Batman Adventures: Mad Love, by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm (DC)
 1995 Batman Adventures Holiday Special by Paul Dini, Bruce Timm, Ronnie del Carmen, and others (DC)
 1996 Kurt Busiek's Astro City #4: "Safeguards", by Kurt Busiek and Brent Anderson (Jukebox Productions/Image)
 1997 Kurt Busiek's Astro City, vol. 2, #1: "Welcome to Astro City", Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson, and Will Blyberg (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1998 Kurt Busiek's Astro City vol. 2 #10: "Show 'Em All", Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson, and Will Blyberg (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1999 Hitman #34: "Of Thee I Sing", by Garth Ennis, John McCrea, and Garry Leach (DC)
 2000 Tom Strong #1: "How Tom Strong Got Started", by Alan Moore, Chris Sprouse, and Al Gordon (ABC)
 2001 Promethea #10: "Sex, Stars, and Serpents", by Alan Moore, J.H. Williams III, and Mick Gray (ABC)
 2002 Eightball #22, by Daniel Clowes (Fantagraphics)
 2003 The Stuff of Dreams, by Kim Deitch (Fantagraphics)
 2004 Conan The Legend #0, by Kurt Busiek and Cary Nord (Dark Horse) and The Goon #1, by Eric Powell (Dark Horse) – tie
 2005 Eightball #23: "The Death Ray" by Daniel Clowes (Fantagraphics)
 2006 Solo #5 by Darwyn Cooke (DC)
 2007 Batman/The Spirit #1 by Jeph Loeb and Darwyn Cooke (DC)
 2008 Justice League of America #11: "Walls" by Brad Meltzer and Gene Ha (DC)

Best Single Issue (or One-Shot)
 2010 Captain America #601: "Red, White, and Blue-Blood" by Ed Brubaker and Gene Colan (Marvel)

Best Short Story
 1993 "Two Cities", in Xenozoic Tales #12 by Mark Schultz (Kitchen Sink)
 1994 "The Amazing Colossal Homer", in Simpsons #1 (Bongo)
 1995 "The Babe Wore Red", by Frank Miller, in Sin City: The Babe Wore Red and Other Stories (Dark Horse/Legend)
 1996 "The Eltingville Comic-Book, Science-Fiction, Fantasy, Horror, and Role-Playing Club in Bring Me the Head of Boba Fett" by Evan Dorkin, in Instant Piano #3 (Dark Horse)
 1997 "Heroes", Archie Goodwin and Gary Gianni, in Batman: Black & White #4 (DC)
 1998 "The Eltingville Comic Book, Science-Fiction, Fantasy, Horror and Role-Playing Club In: The Marathon Men", Evan Dorkin, in Dork! #4 (Slave Labor)
 1999 "Devil's Advocate", by Matt Wagner and Tim Sale, in Grendel: Black, White, and Red #1 (Dark Horse)
 2000 "Letitia Lerner, Superman's Babysitter", by Kyle Baker, in Elseworlds 80-Page Giant (DC)
 2001 "The Gorilla Suit", by Sergio Aragones, in Streetwise (TwoMorrows)
 2002 "The Eltingville Club in 'The Intervention,'" by Evan Dorkin, in Dork! #9 (Slave Labor)
 2003 "The Magician and the Snake", by Katie Mignola and Mike Mignola, in Dark Horse Maverick: Happy Endings (Dark Horse)
 2004 "Death", by Neil Gaiman and P. Craig Russell, in The Sandman: Endless Nights (Vertigo/DC)
 2005 "Unfamiliar", by Evan Dorkin and Jill Thompson, in The Dark Horse Book of Witchcraft (Dark Horse Books)
 2006 "Teenaged Sidekick", by Paul Pope, in Solo #3 (DC)
 2007 "A Frog's Eye View", by Bill Willingham and James Jean, in Fables: 1001 Nights of Snowfall (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 "Mr. Wonderful", by Dan Clowes, serialized in New York Times Sunday Magazine
 2009 "Murder He Wrote", by Ian Boothby, Nina Matsumoto and Andrew Pepoy, in The Simpsons' Treehouse of Horror #14 (Bongo Comics)
 2010 "Urgent Request", by Gene Luen Yang and Derek Kirk Kim, in The Eternal Smile (First Second)

Best Serialized Story
 1993 "From Hell" by Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell in Taboo (SpiderBaby Graphix/Tundra)
 1994 "The Great Cow Race", Bone #7 – 11, by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 1995 "The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck", by Don Rosa, Uncle Scrooge #285 – 296 (Egmont)
 1996 Strangers in Paradise #1 – 8, by Terry Moore (Abstract Studios)
 1997 Starman #20 – 23: "Sand and Stars", James Robinson, Tony Harris, Guy Davis, and Wade von Grawbadger (DC)
 1998 Kurt Busiek's Astro City #4 – 9: "Confession", Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson, and Will Blyberg (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1999 Usagi Yojimbo #13 – 22: "Grasscutter", by Stan Sakai (Dark Horse)
 2000 Tom Strong #4 – 7, by Alan Moore, Chris Sprouse, Al Gordon, and guest artists (ABC)
 2001 100 Bullets #15 – 18: "Hang Up on the Hang Low", by Brian Azzarello and Eduardo Risso (DC/Vertigo)
 2002 Amazing Spider-Man #30 – 35: "Coming Home", by J. Michael Straczynski, John Romita, Jr., and Scott Hanna (Marvel)
 2003 Fables #1 – 5: "Legends in Exile", by Bill Willingham, Lan Medina, and Steve Leialoha (DC/Vertigo)
 2004 Gotham Central #6 – 10: "Half a Life", by Greg Rucka and Michael Lark (DC)
 2005 Fables #19 – 27: "March of the Wooden Soldiers", by Bill Willingham, Mark Buckingham, and Steve Leialoha (Vertigo/DC)
 2006 Fables #36 – 38, 40 – 41: "Return to the Homelands", by Bill Willingham, Mark Buckingham, and Steve Leialoha (Vertigo/DC)

Best Black-and-White Series
 1988 Concrete, by Paul Chadwick (Dark Horse)
 1989 Concrete, by Paul Chadwick (Dark Horse)
 1991 Xenozoic Tales, by Mark Schultz (Kitchen Sink)
 1992 TK
 1993 Real Stuff, by Dennis Eichhorn (Fantagraphics)
 1994 Real Stuff, by Dennis Eichhorn (Fantagraphics)

Best Continuing Series
 1989 Concrete, by Paul Chadwick (Dark Horse)
 1991 Sandman, by Neil Gaiman and various artists (DC/Vertigo)
 1992 Sandman, by Neil Gaiman and various artists (DC/Vertigo)
 1993 Sandman, by Neil Gaiman and various artists (DC/Vertigo)
 1994 Bone, by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 1995 Bone, by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 1996 Acme Novelty Library, by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 1997 Kurt Busiek's Astro City, Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson, and Will Blyberg (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1998 Kurt Busiek's Astro City, Kurt Busiek, Brent Anderson, and Will Blyberg (Jukebox Productions/Homage)
 1999 Preacher, by Garth Ennis and Steve Dillon (DC/Vertigo)
 2000 Acme Novelty Library, by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 2001 Top 10, by Alan Moore, Gene Ha, and Zander Cannon (ABC)
 2002 100 Bullets, by Brian Azzarello and Eduardo Risso (DC/Vertigo)
 2003 Daredevil, by Brian Michael Bendis and Alex Maleev (Marvel)
 2004 100 Bullets, by Brian Azzarello and Eduardo Risso (DC/Vertigo)
 2005 The Goon, by Eric Powell (Dark Horse)
 2006 Astonishing X-Men, by Joss Whedon and John Cassaday (Marvel)
 2007 All Star Superman, by Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely (DC)
 2008 Y: The Last Man, by Brian K. Vaughan, Pia Guerra, and Jose Marzan, Jr. (DC/Vertigo)
 2009 All Star Superman, by Grant Morrison]] and Frank Quitely (DC)
 2010 The Walking Dead, by Robert Kirkman and Charles Adlard (Image)

Best Finite Series/Limited Series
 1988 Watchmen, by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons (DC)
 1989 Silver Surfer, by Stan Lee and Jean "Moebius" Giraud (Marvel)
 1991 Give Me Liberty, by Frank Miller and Dave Gibbons (Dark Horse)
 1992 Concrete: Fragile Creature, by Paul Chadwick (Dark Horse)
 1993 Grendel: War Child, by Matt Wagner and Patrick McEown (Dark Horse)
 1994 Marvels, by Kurt Busiek and Alex Ross (Marvel)
 1995 Sin City: A Dame to Kill For, by Frank Miller (Dark Horse/Legend)
 1996 Sin City: The Big Fat Kill, by Frank Miller (Dark Horse/Legend)
 1997 Kingdom Come, Mark Waid and Alex Ross (DC)
 1998 Batman: The Long Halloween, Jeph Loeb and Tim Sale (DC)
 1999 300, by Frank Miller and Lynn Varley (Dark Horse)
 2000 Whiteout: Melt, by Greg Rucka and Steve Lieber (Oni)
 2001 Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung), by P. Craig Russell, with Patrick Mason (Dark Horse/Maverick)
 2002 Hellboy: Conqueror Worm, by Mike Mignola (Dark Horse/Maverick)
 2003 The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen, Volume II, by Alan Moore and Kevin O'Neill (ABC)
 2004 Fantastic Four: Unstable Molecules, by James Sturm and Guy Davis (Marvel)
 2005 DC: The New Frontier, by Darwyn Cooke (DC)
 2006 Seven Soldiers, by Grant Morrison and various artists (DC)
 2007 Batman: Year 100, by Paul Pope (DC)
 2008 The Umbrella Academy: Apocalypse Suite by Gerard Way and Gabriel Bá (Dark Horse)
 2009 Hellboy: The Crooked Man, by Mike Mignola and Richard Corben (Dark Horse)

Best Limited Series or Story Arc
 2010 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, by Eric Shanower and Skottie Young (Marvel)

Best New Series
 1988 Concrete, by Paul Chadwick (Dark Horse)
 1989 Kings In Disguise, by James Vance and Dan Burr (Kitchen Sink)
 1995 Too Much Coffee Man, by Shannon Wheeler (Adhesive)
 1996 Kurt Busiek's Astro City, by Kurt Busiek and Brent Anderson (Jukebox Productions/Image Comics|Image)
 1997 Leave It to Chance, James Robinson and Paul Smith (Homage)
 1998 Castle Waiting, Linda Medley (Olio)
 1999 Inhumans, by Paul Jenkins. and Jae Lee (Marvel)
 2000 Top 10, by Alan Moore, Gene Ha, and Zander Cannon (ABC)
 2001 Powers, by Brian Michael Bendis and Michael Avon Oeming (Image)
 2002 Queen & Country, by Greg Rucka and Steve Rolston (Oni)
 2003 Fables, by Bill Willingham, Lan Medina, Mark Buckingham, and Steve Leialoha (DC/Vertigo)
 2004 Plastic Man, by Kyle Baker (DC)
 2005 Ex Machina, by Brian K. Vaughan, Tony Harris, and Tom Fesiter (WildStorm/DC)
 2006 All Star Superman, by Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely (DC)
 2007 Criminal, by Ed Brubaker and Sean Phillips (Marvel Icon)
 2008 Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight, by Joss Whedon, Brian K. Vaughan, Georges Jeanty, and Andy Owens (Dark Horse)
 2009 Invincible Iron Man, by Matt Fraction and Salvador Larroca (Marvel)
 2010 Chew, by John Layman and Rob Guillory (Image)

Best Title for Younger Readers/Best Comics Publication for a Younger Audience
 1996 The Batman and Robin Adventures, by Paul Dini, Ty Templeton, and Rick Burchett (DC)
 1997 Leave It to Chance, James Robinson and Paul Smith (Homage)
 1998 Batman & Robin Adventures, Ty Templeton, Brandon Kruse, Rick Burchett, and others (DC)
 1999 Batman: The Gotham Adventures, by Ty Templeton, Rick Burchett, and Terry Beatty (DC)
 2000 Simpsons Comics, by various (Bongo)
 2001 Scary Godmother: The Boo Flu, by Jill Thompson (Sirius)
 2002 Herobear and the Kid, by Mike Kunkel (Astonish)
 2003 Herobear and the Kid, by Mike Kunkel (Astonish)
 2004 Walt Disney's Uncle Scrooge, by various (Gemstone)
 2005 Plastic Man, by Kyle Baker and Scott Morse (DC)
 2006 Owly: Flying Lessons, by Andy Runton (Top Shelf)
 2007 Gumby, by Bob Burden and Rick Geary (Wildcard Ink)

Best Publication for Kids
 2008 Mouse Guard: Fall 1152 and Mouse Guard: Winter 1152, by David Petersen (Archaia)
 2009 Tiny Titans, by Art Baltazar and Franco Aureliani (DC)
 2010 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz hardcover, by L. Frank Baum, Eric Shanower, and Skottie Young (Marvel)

Best Publication for Teens
 2008 Laika, by Nick Abadzis (First Second)
 2010 Beasts of Burden, by Evan Dorkin and Jill Thompson (Dark Horse)

Best Publication for Teens/Tweens
 2009 Coraline, by Neil Gaiman, adapted by P. Craig Russell (HarperCollins Children's Books)

Best Anthology
 1992 Dark Horse Presents, edited by Randy Stradley (Dark Horse)
 1993 Taboo, edited by Steve Bissette (SpiderBaby Graphix/Tundra)
 1994 Dark Horse Presents, edited by Randy Stradley (Dark Horse)
 1995 The Big Book of Urban Legends, edited by Andy Helfer (Paradox Press)
 1996 The Big Book of Conspiracies, edited by Bronwyn Taggart (Paradox Press)
 1997 Batman: Black and White, Mark Chiarello and Scott Peterson, eds. (DC)
 1998 Hellboy Christmas Special, ed. Scott Allie (Dark Horse)
 1999 Grendel: Black, White, and Red, by Matt Wagner; ed. by Diana Schutz (Dark Horse)
 2000 Tomorrow Stories, by Alan Moore, Rick Veitch, Kevin Nowlan, Melinda Gebbie, and Jim Baikie (ABC)
 2001 Drawn & Quarterly, vol. 3, edited by Chris Oliveros (Drawn & Quarterly)
 2002 Bizarro Comics, edited by Joey Cavalieri (DC)
 2003 SPX 2002 (CBLDF)
 2004 The Sandman: Endless Nights, by Neil Gaiman, Dave McKean, P. Craig Russell, Miguelanxo Prado, Barron Storey, Frank Quitely, Glenn Fabry, Milo Manara, and Bill Sienkiewicz; co-edited by Karen Berger and Shelly Bond (Vertigo/DC)
 2005 Michael Chabon Presents The Amazing Adventures of the Escapist, edited by Diana Schutz and David Land (Dark Horse)
 2006 Solo, edited by Mark Chiarello (DC)
 2007 Fables: 1001 Nights of Snowfall, by Bill Willingham and various (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 5, by Gabriel Bá, Becky Cloonan, Fábio Moon, Vasilis Lolos, and Rafael Grampa (self-published)
 2009 Comic Book Tattoo: Narrative Art Inspired by the Lyrics and Music of Tori Amos, edited by Rantz Hoseley (Image)
 2010 Popgun Volume 3, edited by Mark Andrew Smith, DJ Kirkbride, and Joe Keatinge (Image)

Best Digital Comic
 2005 Mom's Cancer by Brian Fies
 2006 PvP by Scott Kurtz
 2007 Sam & Max: The Big Sleep by Steve Purcell
 2008 Sugarshock!, by Joss Whedon and Fabio Moon
 2009 Finder, by Carla Speed McNeil, ShadowlineComics.com
 2010 Sin Titulo, by Cameron Stewart, SinTituloComic.com

Best Reality-Based Work
 2007 Fun Home, by Alison Bechdel (Houghton Mifflin)
 2008 Satchel Paige: Striking Out Jim Crow, by James Sturm and Rich Tommaso (Center for Cartoon Studies/Hyperion)
 2009 What It Is, by Lynda Barry (Drawn & Quarterly)
 2010 A Drifting Life, by Yoshihiro Tatsumi (Drawn & Quarterly)

Best Graphic Album
 1988 Watchmen, by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons (DC)
 1989 Batman: The Killing Joke, by Alan Moore and Brian Bolland (DC)

Best Graphic Album: New
 1991 Elektra Lives Again, by Frank Miller and Lynn Varley (Marvel)
 1992 To the Heart of the Storm, by Will Eisner (Kitchen Sink)
 1993 Signal to Noise, by Neil Gaiman and Dave McKean (VG Graphics/Dark Horse)
 1994 A Small Killing, by Alan Moore and Oscar Zarate (Dark Horse)
 1995 Fairy Tales of Oscar Wilde Vol. 2, by P. Craig Russell (NBM)
 1996 Stuck Rubber Baby, by Howard Cruse (Paradox Press)
 1997 Fax from Sarajevo, by Joe Kubert (Dark Horse Books)
 1998 Batman & Superman Adventures: World's Finest, by Paul Dini, Joe Staton, and Terry Beatty (DC)
 1999 Superman: Peace on Earth, by Paul Dini and Alex Ross (DC)
 2000 Acme Novelty Library #13, by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 2001 Safe Area Goražde, by Joe Sacco
 2002 The Name of the Game, by Will Eisner (DC)
 2003 One! Hundred! Demons! by Lynda Barry (Sasquatch Books)
 2004 Blankets, by Craig Thompson (Top Shelf)
 2005 The Originals, by Dave Gibbons (Vertigo/DC)
 2006 Top 10: The Forty-Niners, by Alan Moore and Gene Ha (ABC)
 2007 American Born Chinese, by Gene Luen Yang (First Second)
 2008 Exit Wounds, by Rutu Modan (Drawn & Quarterly)
 2009 Swallow Me Whole, by Nate Powell (Top Shelf)
 2010 Asterios Polyp, by David Mazzucchelli (Pantheon)

Best Graphic Album: Reprint
 1991 Sandman: The Doll's House by Neil Gaiman and various artists (DC)
 1992 Maus II by Art Spiegelman (Pantheon Books)
 1993 Sin City by Frank Miller (Dark Horse)
 1994 Cerebus: Flight by Dave Sim and Gerhard (Aardvark-Vanaheim)
 1995 Hellboy: Seed of Destruction by Mike Mignola (Dark Horse)
 1996 The Tale of One Bad Rat by Bryan Talbot (Dark Horse)
 1997 Stray Bullets: Innocence of Nihilism by David Lapham (El Capitan)
 1998 Sin City: That Yellow Bastard by Frank Miller (Dark Horse)
 1999 Batman: The Long Halloween by Jeph Loeb and Tim Sale (DC)
 2000 From Hell by Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell (Eddie Campbell Comics)
 2001 Jimmy Corrigan, the Smartest Kid on Earth by Chris Ware (Pantheon)
 2002 Batman: Dark Victory by Jeph Loeb and Tim Sale (DC)
 2003 Batman: Black and White vol. 2, edited by Mark Chiarello and Nick J. Napolitano (DC)
 2004 Batman Adventures: Dangerous Dames and Demons, by Paul Dini, Bruce Timm, and others (DC)
 2005 Bone One Volume Edition, by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 2006 Black Hole, by Charles Burns (Pantheon)
 2007 Absolute DC: The New Frontier, by Darwyn Cooke (DC)
 2008 Mouse Guard: Fall 1152, by David Petersen (Archaia)
 2009 Hellboy Library Edition, vols. 1 and 2, by Mike Mignola (Dark Horse)
 2010 Absolute Justice, by Alex Ross, Jim Krueger, and Doug Braithewaite (DC)

Best Archival Collection/Project
 1993 Carl Barks Library album series (Gladstone)
 1994 The Complete Little Nemo in Slumberland by Winsor McCay (Fantagraphics)
 1995 The Christmas Spirit by Will Eisner (Kitchen Sink)
 1996 The Complete Crumb Comics Vol. 11 by R. Crumb (Fantagraphics)
 1997 Tarzan: The Land That Time Forgot and The Pool of Time by Russ Manning (Dark Horse)
 1998 Jack Kirby's New Gods by Jack Kirby (DC)
 1999 Plastic Man Archives vol. 1 by Jack Cole (DC)
 2000 Peanuts: A Golden Celebration (HarperCollins)
 2001 The Spirit Archives vols. 1 and 2 by Will Eisner (DC)
 2002 Akira by Katsuhiro Otomo (Dark Horse)
 2003 Krazy & Ignatz by George Herriman (Fantagraphics)
 2004 Krazy and Ignatz, 1929 – 1930, by George Herriman, edited by Bill Blackbeard (Fantagraphics)
 2005 The Complete Peanuts, edited by Gary Groth (Fantagraphics)

Best Archival Collection/Project – Comic Strips
 2006 The Complete Calvin and Hobbes by Bill Watterson (Andrews McMeel)
 2007 The Complete Peanuts, 1959 – 1960, 1961 – 1962, by Charles Schulz (Fantagraphics)
 2008 The Complete Terry and the Pirates, vol. 1, by Milton Caniff (IDW)
 2009 Little Nemo in Slumberland, Many More Splendid Sundays, by Winsor McCay (Sunday Press Books)

Best Archival Collection/Project – Strips
 2010 Bloom County: The Complete Library, vol. 1, by Berkeley Breathed, edited by Scott Dunbier (IDW)

Best Archival Collection/Project – Comic Books
 2006 Absolute Watchmen by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons (DC)
 2007 Absolute Sandman, vol. 1, by Neil Gaiman and various (Vertigo/DC)
 2008 I Shall Destroy All the Civilized Planets! by Fletcher Hanks (Fantagraphics)
 2009 Creepy Archives, by various (Dark Horse)
 2010 The Rocketeer: The Complete Adventures deluxe edition, by Dave Stevens, edited by Scott Dunbier (IDW)

Best Humor Publication
 1992 Groo the Wanderer by Mark Evanier and Sergio Aragones (Marvel/Epic)
 1993 Bone by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Press)
 1994 Bone by [Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 1995 Bone by Jeff Smith (Cartoon Books)
 1996 Milk & Cheese #666 by Evan Dorkin (Slave Labor)
 1997 Sergio Aragonés Destroys DC (DC) and Sergio Aragonés Massacres Marvel (Marvel) by Mark Evanier and Sergio Aragones
 1998 Gon Swimmin' by Masahi Tanaka (Paradox Press)
 1999 Sergio Aragones Groo by Sergio Aragones and Mark Evanier (Dark Horse)
 2000 Bart Simpson's Treehouse of Horror by Jill Thompson/Oscar Gonzalez Loyo/Steve Steere Jr., Scott Shaw!/Sergio Aragones, and Doug TenNapel (Bongo)
 2001 Sock Monkey, vol. 3 by Tony Millionaire (Dark Horse/Maverick)
 2002 Radioactive Man by Batton Lash, Abel Laxamana, Dan DeCarlo, Mike DeCarlo, and Bob Smith (Bongo)
 2003 The Amazing Screw-On Head by Mike Mignola (Dark Horse)
 2004 Formerly Known as the Justice League, by Keith Giffen, J. M. DeMatteis, Kevin Maguire, and Josef Rubinstein (DC)
 2005 The Goon by Eric Powell.
 2007 Flaming Carrot Comics, by Bob Burden (Desperado/Image)
 2008 Perry Bible Fellowship: The Trial of Colonel Sweeto and Other Stories, by Nicholas Gurewitch (Dark Horse)
 2009 Herbie Archives, by "Shane O'Shea" (Richard E. Hughes) and Ogden Whitney (Dark Horse)
 2010 Scott Pilgrim vol. 5: Scott Pilgrim vs. the Universe, by Bryan Lee O'Malley (Oni)

Best Adaptation from Another Work
 2010 Richard Stark's Parker: The Hunter, adapted by Darwyn Cooke (IDW)

Best U.S. Edition of International Material
 1998 Gon Swimmin'  by Masahi Tanaka (Paradox Press)
 1999 Star Wars: A New Hope – Manga by Hisao Tamaki (Dark Horse)
 2000 Blade of the Immortal by Hiroaki Samura (Dark Horse)
 2001 Lone Wolf and Cub by Kazuo Koike and Goseki Kojima (Dark Horse)
 2002 Akira by Katsuhiro Otomo (Dark Horse)
 2003 Dr. Jekyll & Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson, adapted by Jerry Kramsky and Lorenzo Mattotti (NBM)
 2004 Buddha, vols. 1 and 2, by Osamu Tezuka (Vertical)
 2005 Buddha, vols. 3 – 4 by Osamu Tezuka (Vertical)
 2006 The Rabbi's Cat, by Joann Sfar (Pantheon)
 2007 The Left Bank Gang, by Jason (Fantagraphics)
 2008 I Killed Adolf Hitler, by Jason (Fantagraphics)
 2009 The Last Musketeer, by Jason (Fantagraphics)
 2010 The Photographer, by Emmanuel Guibert, Didier Lefévre, and Frédéric Lemerier (First Second)

Best U.S. Edition of International Material – Japan
 2007 Old Boy, by Garon Tsuchiya and Nobuaki Minegishi (Dark Horse Manga)
 2008 Tekkonkinkreet: Black & White, by Taiyo Matsumoto (Viz)
 2009 Dororo, by Osamu Tezuka (Vertical)

Best U.S. Edition of International Material – Asia
 2010 A Drifting Life, by Yoshihiro Tatsumi (Drawn & Quarterly)

Best Comic Strip Collection
 1992 Calvin and Hobbes: The Revenge of the Baby-Sat by Bill Watterson (Andrews and McMeel)
 1993 Calvin and Hobbes: Attack of the Deranged Mutant Killer Monster Snow Goons by Bill Watterson (Andrews and McMeel)

Best Comics-Related Periodical/Publication
In 2001, the judging panel chose to drop Best Comics-Related Periodical from the ballot; the category was restored in 2002.

 1992 Comics Buyer's Guide (Krause)
 1993 Comics Buyer's Guide (Krause Publications)
 1995 Hero Illustrated (Warrior Publications)
 1996 The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics)
 1997 The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics)
 1998 The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics)
 1999 The Comics Journal (Fantagraphics)
 2000 Comic Book Artist (TwoMorrows)
 2002 Comic Book Artist (TwoMorrows)
 2004 Comic Book Artist, edited by Jon B. Cooke (Top Shelf)
 2005 Comic Book Artist, edited by Jon B. Cooke (Top Shelf)
 2006 Comic Book Artist, edited by Jon B. Cooke (Top Shelf)
 2007 Alter Ego, edited by Roy Thomas (TwoMorrows)

Best Comics-Related Periodical/Journalism
 2008 Newsarama, produced by Matt Brady and Michael Doran
 2009 Comic Book Resources, produced by Jonah Weiland
 2010 The Comics Reporter, produced by Tom Spurgeon

Best Comics-Related Book
 1992 From "Aargh!" to "Zap!": Harvey Kurtzman's Visual History of the Comics, edited by Howard Zimmerman (Prentice Hall Press)
 1994 Understanding Comics, by Scott McCloud (Kitchen Sink)
 1996 Alex Toth, edited by Manuel Auad (Kitchen Sink)
 1997 Graphic Storytelling by Will Eisner (Poorhouse Press)
 1998 The R. Crumb Coffee Table Art Book, edited by Pete Poplaski (Kitchen Sink)
 1999 Batman: Animated, by Paul Dini and Chip Kidd (HarperCollins)
 2000 Sandman: The Dream Hunters, by Neil Gaiman and Yoshitaka Amano (DC/Vertigo)
 2001 Wonder Woman: The Complete History, by Les Daniels, edited by Steve Korte (Chronicle Books)
 2002 Peanuts: The Art of Charles M. Schulz, edited by Chip Kidd (Pantheon)
 2004 The Art of Hellboy, by Mike Mignola (Dark Horse)
 2005 Men of Tomorrow: Geeks, Gangsters, and the Birth of the Comic Book, by Gerard Jones (Basic Books)
 2006 Eisner/Miller, edited by Charles Brownstein and Diana Schutz (Dark Horse Books)
 2007 The Art of Brian Bolland, edited by Joe Pruett (Desperado/Image)
 2008 Reading Comics: How Graphic Novels Work and What They Mean, by Douglas Wolk (Da Capo Press)
 2009 Kirby: King of Comics, by Mark Evanier (Abrams)
 2010 The Art of Harvey Kurtzman: The Mad Genius of Comics, by Denis Kitchen and Paul Buhle (Abrams ComicArts)

Best Comics-Related Publication (Periodical or Book)
 2003 B. Krigstein, vol. 1, by Greg Sadowski (Fantagraphics)

Best Comics-Related Product/Item
 1992 Sandman statue, by Randy Bowen (DC)
 1994 Death Statue, by Chris Bachalo, et al. (DC)
 1995 Sandman Arabian Nights statue, designed by P. Craig Russell and sculpted by Randy Bowen (DC/Graphitti Designs)
 1996 Comic strip stamps (U.S. Postal Service)
 1997 Hellboy bust, Randy Bowen (Bowen Designs)
 1998 Acme Novelty Library display stand, designed by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 1999 Sandman Pocketwatch, designed by Kris Ruotolo (DC/Vertigo)
 2000 Lunch boxes: Milk & Cheese, Sin City, Bettie Page, Hellboy, Groo (Dark Horse)
 2002 Dark Horse classic comic characters statuettes, sculpted by Yoe Studio (Dark Horse)

Best Comics-Related Sculpted Figures
 1999 Hellboy statue, sculpted by Randy Bowen, produced by Bowen Designs

Best Publication Design
 1993 Sandman: Season of Mists by Neil Gaiman and others, designed by Dave McKean (DC)
 1994 Marvels, Richard Starkings/Comicraft (Marvel)
 1995 The Acme Novelty Library, designed by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 1996 The Acme Novelty Library, designed by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 1997 The Acme Novelty Library #7, designed by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 1998 Kingdom Come deluxe slipcover edition, art director Bob Chapman / DC design director Georg Brewer (DC Comics/Graphitti Designs)
 1999 Batman Animated, designed by Chip Kidd (HarperCollins)
 2000 300, designed by Mark Cox (Dark Horse)
 2001 Jimmy Corrigan, designed by Chris Ware (Pantheon)
 2002 Acme Novelty Library #15, designed by Chris Ware (Fantagraphics)
 2003 Batman: Nine Lives, designed by Amie Brockway-Metcalf (DC)
 2004 Mythology: The DC Comics Art of Alex Ross, designed by Chip Kidd (Pantheon)
 2005 The Complete Peanuts, designed by Seth (Fantagraphics)
 2006 TIE: Acme Novelty Library Annual Report to Shareholders, designed by Chris Ware (Pantheon), and Little Nemo in Slumberland: So Many Splendid Sundays, designed by Philippe Ghielmetti (Sunday Press Books)
 2007 Absolute DC: The New Frontier, designed by Darwyn Cooke (DC)
 2008 Process Recess 2, designed by James Jean and Chris Pitzer (AdHouse)
 2009 Hellboy Library Editions, designed by Cary Grazzini and Mike Mignola (Dark Horse)
 2010 Absolute Justice, designed by Curtis King and Josh Beatman (DC)

Special awards

Spirit of Comics Retailer Award
 1996 KINGS Comics  (Sydney, New South Wales, Australia)
 1999 Star Clipper (St. Louis, Missouri, USA)
 2008 Atom! and Portlyn Freeman of Brave New World (Santa Clarita, California, USA)
 2009 Tate's Comics (Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA)
 2010 Vault of Midnight (Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA)

Bob Clampett Humanitarian Award
 1984 Forrest J. Ackerman
 1985 Robert A. Heinlein
 1986 Bernie Wrightson and Jim Starlin
 1987 Ray Bradbury
 1988 June Foray
 1989 Phil Yeh
 1990 Sergio Aragonés
 1991 The Comic Book Legal Defense Fund
 1992 Archie Goodwin
 1993 Jack Kirby
 1994 Will Eisner
 1995 Maggie Thompson
 1996 Andrew Vachss
 1997 Joe Kubert
 1998 Frank Miller
 1999 Jerry Robinson
 2000 Peter Laird
 2001 Mark Evanier
 2002 Herb Trimpe
 2003 Alex Ross
 2004 Mimi Cruz Carroll
 2005 George Pérez
 2006 Calvin Reid
 2007 Neil Gaiman
 2008 Paul Levitz
 2009 Denis Kitchen
 2010 Jeannie Schulz

The Will Eisner Award Hall of Fame
 1987 Carl Barks, Will Eisner, Jack Kirby
 1988 Milton Caniff
 1989 Harvey Kurtzman
 1991 Robert Crumb, Alex Toth
 1992 Joe Shuster, Jerry Siegel, Wally Wood
 1993 C. C. Beck, William Gaines
 1994 Steve Ditko, Stan Lee
 1995 Frank Frazetta, Walt Kelly
 1996 Hal Foster, Bob Kane, Winsor McCay, Alex Raymond
 1997 Gil Kane, Charles M. Schulz, Julius Schwartz, Curt Swan
 1998 Neal Adams, Jean Giraud (aka Moebius), Archie Goodwin, Joe Kubert
 1999 Jack Cole (Judges' choice), L. B. Cole (Judges' choice), Bill Finger (Judges' choice), Gardner Fox (Judges' choice), Mac Raboy (Judges' choice), Alex Schomburg (Judges' choice), Murphy Anderson, Joe Simon, Art Spiegelman, Dick Sprang
 2000 Bill Everett (Judges' choice), Sheldon Mayer (Judges' choice), George Herriman, Carmine Infantino, Al Williamson, Basil Wolverton
 2001 Dale Messick (Judges' choice), Roy Crane (Judges' choice), Chester Gould, Frank King, E.C. Segar, Marie Severin
 2002 Charles Biro (Judges' choice), Osamu Tezuka (Judges' choice), Sergio Aragones, John Buscema, Dan De Carlo, John Romita, Sr.
 2003 Hergé (Judges' choice), Bernard Krigstein (Judges' choice), Jack Davis, Will Elder, Al Feldstein, John Severin
 2004 Otto Binder (Judges' choice), John Stanley (Judges' choice), Kazuo Koike (Judges' choice), Goseki Kojima (Judges' choice), Al Capp, Jules Feiffer, Don Martin, Jerry Robinson
 2005 Lou Fine (Judges' choice), René Goscinny and Albert Uderzo (Judges' choice), Johnny Craig, Hugo Pratt, Nick Cardy, Gene Colan
 2006 Floyd Gottfredson (Judges' choice), William Moulton Marston (Judges' choice), Vaughn Bodé, Ramona Fradon, Russ Manning, Jim Steranko
 2007 Robert Kanigher (Judges' choice), Ogden Whitney (Judges' choice), Ross Andru & Mike Esposito, Dick Ayers, Wayne Boring, Joe Orlando
 2008 R. F. Outcault (Judges' choice), Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson (Judges' choice), John Broome, Arnold Drake, Len Wein, Barry Windsor-Smith
 2009 Harold Gray, Graham Ingels (Judges' Choice); Matt Baker, Reed Crandall, Russ Heath, Jerry Iger
 2010 Burne Hogarth, Bob Montana (Judges' Choice); Steve Gerber, Dick Giordano, Michael Kaluta, Mort Weisinger

Notes

Източници
 Eisner Awards from 1988 – 2007. .
 Archive of 2005 Eisner awards from Comic-Con.org. WebCitation archive. Original page.
 2006 Eisner Award nominations, Comic-Con.org. .
 2006 Eisner Award winners, Comic-Con.org. .
 2007 Eisner Award nominations, Comic-Con.org. .
 2007 Eisner Award winners, Comic-Con.org. .
 2008 Eisner Award winners, Comic-Con.org. .
 2009 Eisner Award winners, Comic-Con.org. .
 2010 Eisner Award winners, Comic-Con.org. .

Айзнър
Комикси

Списък с носители на награда Айзнър


The Aerial Forest Protection Service (Авиалесоохрана, or Avialesookhrana) is a Russian government agency charged primarily with the aerial management of forest fires. It is considered a branch of the Russian Federal Forest Service. It is famous for the creation and use of smoke jumpers; paratroopers who drop using parachutes down into villages in the path of the fire to warn residents and to provide them with help in evacuation procedures. Smoke jumpers also jump directly into forest fires to help the officials in extinguishing the fires. Until 2007, the Avialesookhrana was the only Russian organization charged with handling forest fires. They are also credited with helping the Republic of Mongolia and Cuba create their own forest-fire prevention agencies.

History

On July 7, 1931, using the U-2 (BY-2) plane, the first aviation expedition of the Avielesookhrana to fight forest fires in the Nizhny Novgorod region was launched from a station in Uren; this was the first flight in which the U-2 (BY-2) plane had been used to detect a forest fire. The expedition was headed by G. G. Samoilovich of the Lesoaviatsionnoy (Forest Aviation) section of the Leningrad Forestry Research Institute, along with employees S. P. Rumyantsev, G. Stadnitskii, and V. Antipin. One year later in 1932, under the guidance of M. Simsk, the agency conducted experiments in the Shatura district of the Moscow region using chemical bombs to combat forest fires from the air; this was the first use of Aerosil drops. In 1934 the agency published a guide on protecting forests from wildfires, compiled by S. P. Rumyantsev; it included the advantages of an aerial wildfire defense, Rumyantsev's administrative process, and instructions on cartography, communication, airfields, etc. The first experiments in using explosives to combat wildfires were undertaken that same year under the direction of P. P. Serebrennikov of TSNIILH (now the All-Russian Research Institute for Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry) in the Yegoryevsk district of the Moscow region.

The Avialesookhrana first began experimenting with paratroopers in 1934 under the direction of G. A. Mokeeva. Initially, these smokejumpers landed in populated areas to alert local communities, and mobilize local fire-fighting services to combat the wildfires; these experiments were very successful.

The agency replaced their outdated PO-2 and W-2 aircraft with the multipurpose An-2 in 1952, and have used it since. This new plane allowed the Avialesookhrana to carry both smokejumpers and aerial fire-retardants in the same craft, significantly reducing the time it took to effectively suppress a wildfire.

From 16 to August 24, 1954, in Zagorsk, the first successful tests using the Mi-4 helicopter to perform the maintenance tasks of forestry were conducted. During the tests, Mi-4 helicopters were used to patrol the forests and flown to forest fires. This resulted in a new professional category: "commando-fire".

On March 18, 1958, the governing body for all of the data collected by the aerial surveillance of  the forests (the Far East, Transbaikal, Western Siberia, West of the Urals, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Primorsky, North, Urals, Yakutia) was established at a central air base. On July 1, 1959, this central base was transferred to the General Directorate of Forestry and Forest Protection of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR. the total protected area was 547 million hectares.

June 22, 1962, saw the completion of tests of a special release mechanism drum (SS-B) for dropping material from a helicopter hovering over the clearings in the forest, making it possible to deliver people and supplies directly to the edge of a forest fire. In 1978 an engineer for Science and Technology Laboratory, N. Pushkarev, developed the descender roller (SS-P), which is more secure. A further development from this, the SU-P, is in use today.

In 2005, a system was developed and put in place for the remote monitoring of forest fires by the Federal Forestry Agency (FFA-ISDM). Work on the creation of this system was carried out by a consortium of institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Forestry Agency, RosHydromet and other organizations with the participation of Avialesookhrana. The system ISDM-FFA operates on a national scale in real time using satellite data and GPS technologies to create daily reporting and decision-making.

In 2007, the forest protection air bases – branches of FGU "Avialesookhrana" – were eliminated. Instead, they have been reorganized as specialized state budgetary or autonomous agencies, subordinate to the executive authorities of the Russian Federation.

Functions
Under the provisions of the Forest Code (federal law on December 4, 2006), FGU "Avialesookhrana" is responsible for:

 Monitoring fire danger and consequences of fires.
 Participation in monitoring the use of public authorities of the Russian Federation delegated powers in the field of forest relations.
 Evaluating the effectiveness of the use of subsidies allocated to the subjects of the Russian Federation to carry out the delegated powers in terms of forest fire protection.
 Forest fire monitoring forest in the Moscow region.
 Training and retraining of specialists in the field of monitoring and protection of forests.

Department heads
 Nikolai Danilin 18-3-1958 – 30-5-1960
 Viacheslav Podolski 06-1-1960 – 5-3-1978
 Nikolai Andreev 04-05-1978 – 02-10-2000
 Nikolai Kovalev 02-10-2000 – December 2011
 Andrey Kalinin December 2011 – July 2015
 Vladimir Grishin July 2015 to present

References

External links
– Russian Official website

Fire protection organizations
Forestry in Russia
Russia
Emergency services in Russia
Airlines of Russia

Aerial Forest Protection Service (Russia)


Ilka Agricola (born 8 August 1973 in The Hague) is a German mathematician who deals with differential geometry and its applications in mathematical physics. She is dean of mathematics and computer science at the University of Marburg, where she has also been responsible for making public the university's collection of mathematical models.

Life and work
Agricola studied physics at the Technical University of Munich and the University of Munich from 1991 to 1996. After a guest stay at Rutgers University in New Jersey (United States) that lasted until the end of 1997 she went to the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, where in 2000 she earned a mathematics doctorate under .

From 2003 to 2008, she led one of the Volkswagen Foundation funded research groups at Humboldt University in the field of special geometries in mathematical physics. From 2004 to 2008 she was a project manager in the priority program for string theory at the German Research Foundation and the Collaborative Research Center 1080. Agricola took the Habilitation in 2004 at the University of Greifswald in mathematics. In 2008 she was appointed full professor at the University of Marburg.  From November 2014 until October 2018, she has been Dean of the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science. She is president of the German Mathematical Society for 2021–2022.

Agricola is Editor in Chief of two academic journals in mathematics published by Springer Science+Business Media, Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry (since 2015) and Mathematische Semesterberichte (since 2021). She is
an editor of the journal Communications in Mathematics published by De Gruyter.

Awards and honors
In 2003, Ilka Agricola received the Medal of Honor of Charles University in Prague. In 2016, she was awarded the  of the Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft and German Rectors' Conference for excellence in teaching mathematics. She was named a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, in the 2022 class of fellows, "for contributions to differential geometry, in particular manifolds with special holonomy and on non-integrable geometric structures and for service to the mathematical community".

Selected publications

Books
 . Translated from the 2001 German original by Andreas Nestke.
 . Translated from the 2005 German original by Philip G. Spain.

Papers
 .
 .
 .
 .

References

External links

 Ilka Agricola homepage at the University of Marburg
 Author profile of Ilka Agricola in the database zbMATH
 Papers by Ilka Agricola listed on ResearchGate

1973 births
21st-century Dutch mathematicians
21st-century German mathematicians
Dutch women mathematicians
German women mathematicians
Living people
21st-century women mathematicians
21st-century German women
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
Presidents of the German Mathematical Society

Ilka Agricola


The Symphony No. 3 in E flat major ("Eroica"), Op. 55 is a work for orchestra. It was written in 1803 by Ludwig van Beethoven. It was completed in 1804, and premiered on 7 April 1805 at the Theater an der Wien. Beethoven did not want the symphony to be about Napoleon, but he did want to dedicate it to him. When Beethoven learned Napoleon had declared himself Emperor, he tore the dedication page in pieces. The symphony was published in 1806 with the subtitle "Eroica" (Heroic). The symphony has four movements (parts).

Form

I. Allegro con brio
The first movement has a tempo of Allegro, which is moderately fast. It is in  time, and it uses sonata form. It starts with two loud E-flat major chords. Then, the first main melody of the movement is played by the cellos. After a few minutes, the second main melody is played in B-flat major.

II. Marcia funebre. Allegro assai

III. Scherzo. Allegro vivace - Trio

IV. Finale. Allegro molto - Poco Adante - Presto

References
 Woodstra, Chris, et. al. 2005. All Music Guide to Classical Music. All Media Guide, LLC. p. 102. .

Symphony 03

Symphony No. 3 (Beethoven)


Tropical Depression Ten was a short-lived tropical cyclone that moved onto land on western Florida in September 2007. It was the tenth tropical cyclone of the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season. The storm formed as a subtropical depression on September 21 in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico from the contact of a tropical wave, the end of a cold front, and a low pressure system. Originally, the system had a disorganized circulation and thunderstorm patterns, but later turned into a tropical depression after convection became more organized over the center. Moving northwestward, the depression came onto land near Fort Walton Beach early on September 22, and shortly later, it dissipated over southeastern Alabama. The depression caused only light damages to the area and was limited to light rainfall, although the system that would later become Tropical Depression 10 created a damaging tornado in Eustis, Florida.

Storm history

By September 17, the contact between a tropical wave and the end of a cold front created huge amounts of thunderstorms over the Bahamas and western Atlantic Ocean. An upper-level low over western Florida created more convection across the area, and on September 18 the system began moving towards Florida. Originally, the system was very disorganized, but surface pressures slowly went down across the area, with a weak low pressure area forming on September 19. A Hurricane Hunters aircraft was sent to fly into the system on September 20 reported an organized low and strong wind gusts in the storm as it moved into the northeastern Gulf of Mexico, along with little and disorganized thunderstorm activity. Convection slowly became better organized, with a well-defined rainband in its eastern half and irregular thunderstorm activity near the center. In spite of its bad organization, with a disorganized circulation and an upper-level low aloft, the National Hurricane Center started advisories on Subtropical Depression Ten at 1500 UTC on September 21 while it was located about 40 miles (60 km) south of St. Vincent Island, Florida, stating "the potential for additional development right along the coastline."

With a mid-level ridge to its northwest, the subtropical depression was predicted to move alongside with the coastline of Florida and Alabama. As an outcome, the cyclone was forecasted to have winds of 45 mph (75 km/h) and move onto land on southern Mississippi. The circulation became better organized as convection modestly increased over the center, and within 6 hours of its formation, the system turned into a tropical depression. The cyclone continued moving northwestward, making landfall around 0000 UTC on September 22 near Fort Walton Beach, Florida with winds of 35 mph (55 km/h). The cloud pattern began to become disorganized as it moved inland, and 3 hours after it moved ashore the National Hurricane Center gave out its last advisory on the depression. As the depression continued into Alabama, it became more disorganized, and by 0900 UTC on September 22 the cyclone collapsed into a remnant low pressure area.

Preparations and impact

At the same time the National Hurricane Center gave out its first advisory on the depression, they also gave out a tropical storm warning from Apalachicola, Florida to the delta of the Mississippi River. Shortly thereafter, an inland tropical storm warning was given out for Pearl River, Walthall, and Pike counties in Mississippi and Washington Parish in Louisiana. Also, the New Orleans National Weather Service gave out a coastal flood watch for four parishes in southeastern Louisiana. In Mississippi, Governor Haley Barbour declared a state of emergency. Officials ordered a mandatory evacuation for people living in areas of low lands and in mobile homes for Jackson, Harrison, and Hancock counties. Officials in New Orleans opened three emergency shelters, stating the possible need of shelter for citizens in about 17,000 FEMA trailers after Hurricane Katrina. Because of the threat of the cyclone, Louisiana governor Kathleen Blanco also declared a state of emergency and placed the state's National Guard and other disaster services on stand-by.

Before of the depression's development, several oil and gas companies removed unneeded workers from offshore oil platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico; the Shell Oil Company evacuated about 700 employees, while Noble Energy removed its workforce of about 300 people from two oil rigs. Exxon Mobil stopped its production by about 1,000 barrels of oil and 55,000 ft³ (1,500 m³). With 27.7% of the daily crude oil production stopped because of the depression, oil prices rose higher after days of increasing levels, and on September 20 reached a record rate of over $84 per barrel.

Together, the wind shear and low-level helicity created moderate convection across central Florida associated with the precursor low pressure system. Late on September 20, a supercell formed near Lake Apopka, and moved quickly northward it created an EF1 tornado near Eustis; the tornado moved around for about 2 miles (3 km) and reached winds of about 100 mph (160 km/h). The tornado destroyed 20 homes, left 30 others severely damaged, and injured one person, and cut power for about 300 people. The depression also created waves of about 5 feet (1.5 m) and rip currents along the west coast of Florida. Outer rainbands began affecting coastal sections of western Florida by about 12 hours before the formation of the depression. Precipitation in the state reached 2.83 inches (71.9 mm) in Crestview. In other places, rainfall totals reached 1.46 inches (37.1 mm) in Albany, Georgia and 0.51 inches (13 mm) in Dothan, Alabama.

Related pages
 2007 Atlantic hurricane season
 List of hurricanes in Florida

References

Other websites
 NHC's advisory archive on Tropical Depression Ten

Hurricanes in the United States
Tropical depressions
2007 Atlantic hurricane season
September events
2007 in Florida
2007 in Georgia (U.S. state)
2000s in Alabama

Tropical Depression Ten (2007)


In mathematics, the Pontryagin classes, named after Lev Pontryagin, are certain characteristic classes of real vector bundles. The Pontryagin classes lie in cohomology groups with degrees a multiple of four.

Definition
Given a real vector bundle E over M, its k-th Pontryagin class  is defined as

where:
 denotes the -th Chern class of the complexification  of E,
 is the -cohomology group of M with integer coefficients.

The rational Pontryagin class  is defined to be the image of  in , the -cohomology group of M with rational coefficients.

Properties
The total Pontryagin class

is (modulo 2-torsion) multiplicative with respect to
Whitney sum of vector bundles, i.e.,

for two vector bundles E and F over M.  In terms of the individual Pontryagin classes pk,

and so on.

The vanishing of the Pontryagin classes and Stiefel–Whitney classes of a vector bundle does not guarantee that the vector bundle is trivial.  For example, up to vector bundle isomorphism, there is a unique nontrivial rank 10 vector bundle  over the 9-sphere.  (The clutching function for  arises from the homotopy group .)  The Pontryagin classes and Stiefel-Whitney classes all vanish: the Pontryagin classes don't exist in degree 9, and the Stiefel–Whitney class w9 of E10 vanishes by the Wu formula w9 = w1w8 + Sq1(w8).  Moreover, this vector bundle is stably nontrivial, i.e. the Whitney sum of E10 with any trivial bundle remains nontrivial.

Given a 2k-dimensional vector bundle E we have

where e(E) denotes the Euler class of E, and  denotes the cup product of cohomology classes.

Pontryagin classes and curvature
As was shown by Shiing-Shen Chern and André Weil around 1948, the rational Pontryagin classes

can be presented as differential forms which depend polynomially on the curvature form of a vector bundle. This Chern–Weil theory revealed a major connection between algebraic topology and global differential geometry.

For a vector bundle E over a n-dimensional differentiable manifold M equipped with a connection, the total Pontryagin class is expressed as

where Ω denotes the curvature form, and H*dR(M) denotes the de Rham cohomology groups.

Pontryagin classes of a manifold
The Pontryagin classes of a smooth manifold are defined to be the Pontryagin classes of its tangent bundle.

Novikov proved in 1966 that if two compact, oriented, smooth manifolds are homeomorphic then their rational Pontryagin classes pk(M, Q) in H4k(M, Q) are the same.

If the dimension is at least five, there are at most finitely many different smooth manifolds with given homotopy type and Pontryagin classes.

Pontryagin classes from Chern classes
The Pontryagin classes of a complex vector bundle  is completely determined by its Chern classes. This follows from the fact that , the Whitney sum formula, and properties of Chern classes of its complex conjugate bundle. That is,  and . Then, this given the relationfor example, we can apply this formula to find the Pontryagin classes of a complex vector bundle on a curve and a surface. For a curve, we haveso all of the Pontryagin classes of complex vector bundles are trivial. On a surface, we haveshowing . On line bundles this simplifies further since  by dimension reasons.

Pontryagin classes on a Quartic K3 Surface
Recall that a quartic polynomial whose vanishing locus in  is a smooth subvariety is a K3 surface. If we use the normal sequencewe can findshowing  and . Since  corresponds to four points, due to Bezout's lemma, we have the second chern number as . Since  in this case, we have

. This number can be used to compute the third stable homotopy group of spheres.

Pontryagin numbers
Pontryagin numbers are certain topological invariants of a smooth manifold. Each Pontryagin number of a manifold M vanishes if the dimension of M is not divisible by 4. It is defined in terms of the Pontryagin classes of the manifold M as follows:

Given a smooth -dimensional manifold M and a collection of natural numbers
 such that ,
the Pontryagin number  is defined by

where  denotes the k-th Pontryagin class and [M] the fundamental class of M.

Properties
Pontryagin numbers are oriented cobordism invariant; and together with Stiefel-Whitney numbers they determine an oriented manifold's oriented cobordism class.
Pontryagin numbers of closed Riemannian manifolds (as well as Pontryagin classes) can be calculated as integrals of certain polynomials from the curvature tensor of a Riemannian manifold.
Invariants such as signature and -genus can be expressed through Pontryagin numbers. For the theorem describing the linear combination of Pontryagin numbers giving the signature see Hirzebruch signature theorem.

Generalizations
There is also a quaternionic Pontryagin class, for vector bundles with quaternion structure.

See also
Chern–Simons form
Hirzebruch signature theorem

References

External links

Characteristic classes
Differential topology

Pontryagin class


Gaston Alfonso Browne (born 9 February 1967) is an Antiguan politician serving as the prime minister of Antigua and Barbuda and leader of the Labour Party since 2014. Before entering politics, he was a banker and businessman.

Early life
Browne was born on 9 February 1967, days before the Associated State of Antigua was established, in the Villa area on the twin island of Antigua and Barbuda. His life as a teenager was extremely tough. As a child, he lived in Point with his paternal great-grandmother, who was in her eighties, at the time, partially blind, poor and aging. After her passing, he later grew up in Point, another impoverished area.

Education
After completing his secondary education, Browne attended the City Banking College in the United Kingdom, where he graduated with a BSc in banking and finance. Later, he attended the University of Manchester, acquiring an MBA in Finance.

Career
Following graduation, Browne secured a position with the Swiss American Banking Group, a major banking consortium in Antigua and Barbuda, comprising offshore and onshore banks and a trust company, eventually rising to the position of Commercial Banking Manager.

He entered the political arena in 1999, when he was elected to parliament for the constituency of St. John's City West. He was appointed Minister of Planning, Trade, Industry, Commerce and Public Service Affairs in his first term as an MP.

Browne challenged and won Lester Bird in the leadership race for Labour Party in November 2012 with a margin of 213 to 180. He was subsequently appointed as leader of the opposition in December 2012.

Prime Minister
Gaston Browne led the Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party to victory in the 12 June 2014 general election, after 10 years in opposition, winning 14 out of 17 seats. Browne was sworn in as Prime Minister on 13 June 2014. He defeated Baldwin Spencer's UPP, which had ruled for 10 years. Browne holds the additional office of Minister of Finance.

Aftermath of Hurricane Irma
On 6 September 2017 Hurricane Irma swept through Barbuda. Gaston Browne stated that the Category 5 storm had destroyed 95% of the structures and vehicles. Initial estimates showed that at least 60% of the island's residents were homeless because of the disaster. All communications with Barbuda were completely down for a time; most of the communications system had been destroyed.

On 8 September 2017, Browne described the situation as follows during an interview. "Barbuda right now is literally a rubble" with no water or phone service; he said there had been only a single fatality. The government had almost completed the evacuation of the entire island; nearly 1,800 people were transferred to Antigua.

On the same day, the first of three cargo planes arrived from the US, with over 120,000 pounds of relief for Barbuda. The cost was covered by the Government of Antigua and Barbuda and by donations from Martin Franklyn and the Coleman Company in the US. Also on 8 September, Browne discussed Barbuda's urgent needs with Administrator Mark Green of the United States Agency for International Development. USAID had already sent a Disaster Assistance Response Team and would continue to coordinate with the government and relief organizations.

Browne's government was facing a massive challenge. An estimate published by Time indicated that over $100 million would be required to rebuild homes and infrastructure. Philmore Mullin, Director of Antigua and Barbuda's National Office of Disaster Services, said that "all critical infrastructure and utilities are non-existent – food supply, medicine, shelter, electricity, water, communications, waste management". He summarised the situation as follows: "Public utilities need to be rebuilt in their entirety ... It is optimistic to think anything can be rebuilt in six months ... In my 25 years in disaster management, I have never seen something like this."

Republicanism

During a visit by the Earl and Countess of Wessex for the celebration of Queen Elizabeth II's Platinum Jubilee, Browne asked the Earl if the couple would use their diplomatic influence to support reparations for slavery to Caribbean Community nations and announced that his country will transition to a republic. Following the death of the Queen, Browne announced that he would call for a referendum on the country becoming a republic within three years. In an interview for ITV he stated "This is not an act of hostility or any difference between Antigua and Barbuda and the monarchy, but it is the final step to complete that circle of independence, to ensure that we are truly a sovereign nation." and added that the country would remain a member of the Commonwealth regardless of the outcome.

Family and personal life
Browne is married to Maria Bird-Browne, niece of the second Prime Minister Lester Bird. The couple have a son, Prince Gaston Browne, who was Browne's fourth child, as he had three children prior to marriage. They had a second child, a daughter, in September 2020.

References

External links

Biography
Government's Official website

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1967 births
21st-century heads of government in North America
Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party politicians
Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda
Finance ministers of Antigua and Barbuda
Leaders of political parties
Living people
Privatization controversies
People from Saint John Parish, Antigua
Antigua and Barbuda republicans

Gaston Browne


Rev. Charles Hunter Brown (aka Rev. Charles H. Brown and Rev. C.H. Brown)
(Feb. 2, 1907 - Jan. 17, 1996), an American building contractor, religious and community leader, did much to provide affordable housing, employment and on-the-job training, social and  spiritual relief for many in Charlottesville and  Albemarle County, Virginia during the 1940s through the early 1980s.

Early years

Reverend Charles Hunter Brown, born February 2, 1907, to Lacy and Martha Franklin Brown in the Proffit Historic District, Virginia  was one of several sons born to the Browns. He often missed school to help out at home during the growing and harvesting season. As a young man, he sought employment away from the grueling life he had known as a farmer. His early employment included work with a company that laid Macadam roads. Rev. Brown's call to the Ministry came in his late twenties. He fellowshipped with various Pentecostal churches even after he met and married Angie Loving. He later worked at odd jobs including the now defunct Arthur's Grill in downtown Charlottesville, Virginia. It was then that the early seeds of entrepreneurship started to grow. In the meantime, he met Dr. John L. Manahan  who owned Fairview Farm in Scottsville, VA located in Southern Albemarle County. Dr. Manahan hired him to be caretaker for his dairy farm. Brown, along with his wife and children moved into the manor house. There he had no problem getting into the swing of farming. Milking cows and transporting the milk to the Monticello Dairy in Charlottesville provided an occasional break from the farm. Maintenance work around the farm allowed him to practice what would become his profession.

Master Builder

Farming was what Brown did to earn the money he needed to move his family back to Charlottesville and pursue his dream of becoming a builder. He had frequently purchased tools and Audel manuals that he told his wife would one day make money for him. In the summer of 1945, Brown purchased a house on 10 ½ Street, now located in the Historic 10th and Page District that he subsequently remodeled and added on a 3-room apartment. He moved his family of 3 daughters and 2 sons back to town. For a while, he worked for H. T. Ferron, a company that made cinderblock; and for R. E. Lee & Sons who would later become a major player in the construction industry in Charlottesville. Later, he hired himself out as a carpenter remodeling houses and specializing in additions. Soon he had a contract to build his first house. By the mid-1950s, Blacks who wanted to build in Charlottesville and the surrounding counties started to seek him out.

12th and Rosser

It was in the mid-1940s that Rev. Brown and a few others started to hold worship services from house to house. They most often met in a 2-story house on Henry Avenue across from Moseley's Store. Rev. Brown and Rev. Moseley managed to secure a plat of land on the corner of 12th Street, NW and Rosser Avenue. In 1947, it was there that Rev. Brown constructed Holy Temple Church of God in Christ, his first major non-residential building. Soon after building the church, Brown met E. R. Martin. After doing a number of jobs for Martin who owned a lot of property, a deal was struck that made Brown the owner of several acres of land on 12th Street, NW.
It was there that he built what would become the "family home." The land had been a dumping area on a dead end street. However, the location was ideally suited for Brown and his family that had swelled to 5 daughters and 5 sons. Brown seemingly could not get away from farming. He maintained huge gardens and several pigs until the late 1950s. The vegetables from the gardens were shared with church members and neighbors alike.  Brown eventually built and sold 4 more houses on the same block. Most of the houses were constructed of cinder block with 2 front dormers for less than $10,000. In 2006, some 45–50 years later, the average market price was $190,000. In 2020, the last house built sold for $300,000.

In April 2008, The Piedmont Area Preservation Alliance  and the Charlottesville Architectural Review Board of Charlottesville, Virginia, recommended that Rev. Charles H. Brown's first non- residential structure, the Holy temple Church of God in Christ, be added to its list of important historic city buildings. In September 2008 the recommendation was accepted. In February 2021, the City of Charlottesville placed a plaque giving the honorary name of C. H. Brown Way to the area near the corner of 12th Street and Rosser Avenue.

Building Innovator

Rev. Brown became a licensed contractor in the city of Charlottesville in the mid-1950s. He built more than 50 residential and commercial structures as well as a dozen churches in Charlottesville and the surrounding counties. Because many were built for people with limited income and no means of financing such a project, Brown's challenge was to give his clients the best, as well as the most for their money. He became popular as a builder because he allowed his customers to make a small down payment and often financed the balance for them or sometimes even co-signed a note at the bank. His structure of choice was usually cinderblock. Many of his renovations or additions received a cosmetic coat of stucco. Brown's reputation as a fair and honest man gained him the respect of both Whites and Blacks in the community. During his eulogy of Rev. Brown, Rev. Paul Coleman said "...Before there was urban renewal or redevelopment and housing, there was Rev. Brown."

Nearly all of his structures are still standing. Unlike houses that are constructed on a concrete slab today, Rev. Brown dug out the foundation; poured concrete footings and constructed the walls from the ground up. He studied drawings from books of plans that were available by mail. These books allowed him to use his natural artistic abilities to sketch out proposed house plans for his clients.  He taught himself to read and interpret architectural drawings and blueprints. One of his most notable commercial structures was the EconoLodge, formerly the Econo Travel Lodge, at the University of Virginia  which was demolished in 2013 http://insidecville.com/city/visionary-builder/ to create a green space. Having established himself in the business community as a master craftsman, Rev. Brown often did brickwork or concrete work for other contractors. As a skilled craftsman, he spent time teaching his laborers how to perform carpentry tasks and how to lay brick. One of his last major carpentry jobs was finish carpentry in the Main Post Office on Seminole trail when he was 80 years old.

Rev. Brown's Ministry

In 1960, Brown became Pastor of the church he had built some 13 years earlier. He and his sons, Ralph, an ordained Minister and Nehemiah Hunter Brown,  a musician (who became a minister in 1980); brought a community-oriented flavor to the worship experience. The elder Rev. Brown was extremely supportive of youth in and out of the church. He opened the doors of the church to Nehemiah and a contingent of University of Virginia students as well as to local high school students who wanted to start a choir. The high school students formed an Interdenominational Gospel Choir which later became the Dimensions of Gospel who later bridged the gap between UVA students and local towns people. The University of Virginia students had been denied the use of facilities on the school grounds for rehearsals, but under the leadership that they found at Holy Temple Church of God in Christ , the renowned Black Voices  of the University of Virginia were born.  Of note is the selection of the Holy Temple Church site for consideration to be added to the Register of Historical Buildings. The building was selected because of its enduring architecture and its cultural significance to the community.

During his tenure as Pastor, Brown also served as the District Superintendent over other churches in the Charlottesville and Waynesboro, Virginia, areas. Most notably, he was known as a Bible scholar and teacher. Being a mild-mannered, soft-spoken man gave him an air of aloofness that often gave way to a fathomless wisdom and generosity. He was active as a Pastor, attending State and National meetings until shortly before his death from the complications of congestive heart failure in 1996. In 1998, shortly after his death, a Virginia State House of Delegates Joint Resolution  was issued recognizing Reverend Brown's work and contributions to the community. In July 2021, Rosser Avenue was given the honorary name of "C. H. Brown Way."

References
Virginia State House of Delegates Joint Resolution
 WCAV - Centennial Celebration in Charlottesville. Posted: 11:10 PM Feb 3, 2007. Reporter: Jummy Olabanji
https://web.archive.org/web/20081006153244/http://preservecva.wordpress.com/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXNZLTXKLtg
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0B5DTWCy8Ho

American religious leaders
1907 births
1996 deaths

C. H. Brown