Sandhya Mridul is an Indian actress who appears in Bollywood films and television. She is most known for her roles in films like Saathiya (2002) and Page 3 (2005) and was first runner up on the reality dance show Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa (Season 2) (2007).

Early life
Sandhya, also called 'Sandy', was born in Mumbai to P. R. Mridul and his wife. Later, the family moved to New Delhi. At age ten, she left home to attend school at Maharani Gayatri Devi Girls' Public School in Jaipur. She later attended Mater Dei Convent School in New Delhi.  At age 14, her father, a lawyer and later a judge of the high court, died and she was brought up by her elder brother Siddharth Mridul who is a sitting judge of Delhi High Court. She has another elder brother named Pankaj.

She attended Lady Sriram College, Delhi. She graduated in Mathematics, did her post graduation in marketing and went on to do a corporate job with KLM in Mumbai.

Career
Mridul first arrived back in Mumbai to be a marketing executive. She first started her career with the popular TV serial Swabhimaan. After that, additional roles followed in serials like Banegi Apni Baat, Koshish and Hu Ba Hu.

She made her breakthrough in movies with Yash Raj Films, in Saathiya in 2002. It was critically and commercially successful and critics appreciated her performance. Her character Dina was an important supporting role that got her noticed.

She also appeared in Extraa Innings, the programme during the Cricket World Cup 2003.

In 2004, she acted in Pratap Sharma's Zen Katha, a play based on the life of Buddha in Mumbai opposite Rajeev Gopalkrishnan.

Mridul's show Koshish Ek Asha in which she played the role of the female protagonist has been dubbed in Chinese; in 2005, it was telecast in China. Through this show, Sandhya became a household name in China.

She decided to walk away from television soap operas because the roles felt repetitive. Of her decision, she remarked, "If you want to play the protagonist these days, you have to be the bahu. I'm not ready to do that again. I can't be wearing heavy saris with dark pink lipstick all my life."

In 2005 she starred in Page 3 with Konkona Sen Sharma and Tara Sharma. She played an air hostess. Her performance was again praised by the critics and the film was a hit at the box office.

Since 2006, she has focused exclusively on film roles. She played Maya, a restless soul who keeps on moving in and out of things in an off-beat film called Strings. She acted in 13th Floor, an interesting story of two people stuck in lift on the 13th floor. As a trained Bharatnatyam dancer, Sandhya's desire to show her dancing skills is being fulfilled in Chowki. In Honeymoon Travels Pvt. Ltd., she plays a wife stuck in a marriage with a gay man. In the thriller Deadline: Sirf 24 Ghante by Tanvir Khan, she acts with Irfan Khan. In The Great Indian Butterfly, she shows her talent in how a young Indian couple climbing the ladder of the corporate rat race.

Her versatility and her penchant for taking non-conformist roles have made her a darling of cross-over films. She proved her talent again in another off-beat film called Via Darjeeling in which she plays an alcoholic. "I would like to step into the shoes that Smita Patil left behind", says Mridul about where she sees herself in the Bollywood acting space.

She was judged the runner-up at the popular dance show Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa (Season 2). This decision did court some controversy since judge Urmila Matondkar declared that Mridul should have won. There were allegations of rigging and interference on the decision to declare Prachi Desai the winner of the show. Mridul said of the decision, "Don't tell me that I lost. Like I have said before, you lose only when you lose heart, and I haven't. I may have only lost out on a trophy and cash but I have won many hearts."

In 2008, she served as a member of the jury in the 14th Television Festival held in Shanghai. She was youngest and lone Indian in the festival. In 2014, Sandhya worked in Ragini MMS 2, in which she kissed Sunny Leone.

In 2016, she is portraying the role of Nazneen Khan in POW Bandhi Yudh Ki, mother of two children who single-handedly brings them up while her husband Imaan Khan (played by Satyadeep Misra) is missing in action since the Kargil War.

Filmography

Television

Films

Short Film

Web series

Unreleased films

Awards

References

External links

 Official Site

 Unconventionally yours, Sandhya Mridul The Times of India

Indian film actresses
Indian television actresses
Living people
Actresses in Hindi cinema
Actresses from New Delhi
Year of birth missing (living people)
Actresses from Mumbai
20th-century Indian actresses
21st-century Indian actresses

Sandhya Mridul


is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder for the Yokohama DeNA BayStars in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball. He has been registered as "Yamato" since 2007.

Early baseball career
He played for the Kanoya Boy Scout's softball club in his early years, then joined the Kanoya Baystars during junior high. He entered Shonan High School and joined its baseball club as a shortstop, and participated in the Summer Koshien during his 1st and 3rd year, reaching the quarter final round in the latter. During that time, his impressive defense caught the attention of Tigers manager Akinobu Okada who was watching the televised game, that prompted him to choose Yamato as the Tiger's 4th pick in the 2005 high school draft.

Hanshin Tigers

2010

He participated in 62 official games for the season, and also appeared in his first hero interview. Although he was officially registered as an infielder, he played 4 games as a centerfielder. When he joined the Miyazaki Phoenix League during postseason, he expressed his wish to be trained further as an outfielder.

His jersey number was changed from 66 to 0 during the offseason.

2011

He started the season as part of the first squad, but was taken off the register when he hurt his left shoulder during a ni-gun game in early May. His first official appearance was during the August 7 game with the Swallows, where he was assigned as first baseman. For the rest of the season, he alternated as right fielder and third baseman, mostly for defensive purposes.

2012

Even though he was registered as an infielder, he appeared in games as center fielder from the beginning of the season. He often batted in 2nd position in games against left-handed pitchers, as he performed better at his at-bats during those games. For the second half of the season, Manager Wada opted for speed in his lead-off hitters by appointing Hiroki Uemoto as 1st, and Yamato as second.

This is Yamato's first season to play in more than a hundred games (128), batting in 80 hits and 26 runs at an average of .257.

2013

Throughout the year, he was fixed as the 2nd batter and center fielder. Together with Tsuyoshi Nishioka who just joined the team, became the teams lead-off hitters and often displayed extensive defense in the outfield. During the mid-season interleague, he hit a brief slump and was briefly demoted in the batting line up. During the June 1 match with the Buffaloes however, he delivered consecutive hits from Chihiro Kaneko in 3 at-bats.

One of his more memorable matches for the season was on the June 29 match with the Carps at Koshien, where his parents, who came all the way from his hometown to watch, were also in attendance. On the 4th inning, he reached base on a walk, stole second, and scored on a single to center by Matt Murton.  Down one run in the 5th, with runners on first and third and one out, he laid down a squeeze bunt hit to tie the game at three. In the 9th inning, with runners on first and second and two out, he hit a walk-off double to left and the Tigers won the game. He was awarded the Sixth Georgia Spirit Award for 2013 for his performance on this game during offseason.

He was however taken off the active roster when his right hand got fractured by a wild pitch from Baystars' Atori Ota on August 20. He returned in time for the 2nd game of the Climax Series first stage match with the Carps on October 13, but the Tigers were not able to advance any further after two consecutive defeats. Due to his injury, he had fewer appearances for the season (104 games), but he nevertheless recorded a higher batting average of .273.

On October 19, he announced his plan to marry 25-year-old freelance reporter Mariko Hara.

2014

His registration was finally changed to outfielder at the start of the 2014 season, and booked the day-to-day job at the centerfield and as 2nd batter. On May 5 however, following the injury of Nishioka and Uemoto in separate occasions, he was assigned to take charge of 2nd base for the first time in two years, while Shunsuke manned the outfield.

On the May 14 game against the Carps, he hit his first career home-run on his 2nd at-bat for the game, and his 1172th career at-bat, 9 years after joining the Tigers. He was not able to get the commemorative home-run ball he hit on that same day, but got it on the day after. He was not sure exactly how it got to him, but he managed to thank the fan who caught it by giving him one of his bats.

He strained his left abdominal oblique during pre-game fielding practice on July 25, and was taken off the active roster for 26 days. He made a successful comeback as a pinch runner for Fukudome on the August 19 game against the Dragons, where he managed to steal 3rd base. On September 29, he notched his 50th sac hit of the season and joined Yutaka Wada (56 in 1988) and Keiichi Hirano (59 in 2010) as the only players in franchise history to record 50 or more sac hits in one season.

Since 2012, he has been recording a fielding percentage of above 99%, and this year was the highest at 99.6%, with only one error to his name. He put on a fielding clinic during the October Climax and Japan Series, chasing and catching the most difficult of hits with remarkable speed and agility, earning him his first ever Golden Glove Award during off-season.

Playing Style
Even in his rookie years, Hanshin coaches placed high regard in his fielding skills, and were even quoted that he can qualify for the first squad based on defense alone. In terms of offense, however, his body's slight build didn't allow for much hitting power, as evidenced by his low batting average of .177 in 2009. Nevertheless, he showed growth in the following years and improved both his batting and slugging percentages.

During his at-bats, he achieved more productive hitting against left-handed pitchers. From 2010 to 2011, whenever Chunichi Dragons lefty Wei-Yin Chen was scheduled to start, Yamato was always included in the Tiger's starting line-up because he delivered more hits during those games. On the other hand, he didn't fare quite as well with right-handed pitchers.

In terms of bunting, he showed considerable talent early on by hitting the most sac bunts for 2 straight years in ni-gun. But he wasn't able to repeat his success when he began appearing in official games as 2nd batter, and at times, even incurred injuries during his attempts to bunt. But through sheer persistence, he improved his bunt success rate to 96% in 2014, leading the league with 50 sac hits. His speed also allowed him to record double digit stolen bases since 2012.

References

External links

NPB stats

1987 births
Living people
Baseball people from Kagoshima Prefecture
People from Kanoya, Kagoshima
Nippon Professional Baseball infielders
Japanese baseball players
Hanshin Tigers players
Yokohama DeNA BayStars players

Yamato Maeda


Piyaporn Deejing (), nicknamed Deer () (born in Bangkok) is a beauty queen from Thailand. She joined the Miss Thailand Universe 2008; she won first runner-up and was also crowned Miss Thailand Earth on May 24, 2008 in Bangkok, Thailand. An Economics student, she stands 173 cm tall and she represented Thailand in Miss Earth 2008 in Philippines and Miss International 2010 in China.

Miss Earth 2008
In the final competition of the eighth edition of the international beauty pageant Miss Earth, Deejing was announced as one of sixteen semi-finalists who moved forward to compete for the title. She ended as one of the top 16 semifinalists of Miss Earth. The Miss Earth pageant was held on November 9, 2008 at the Clark Expo Amphitheater in Angeles, Pampanga, Philippines. Eighty-five delegates arrived from October 19, 2008 in the Philippines. The pageant was broadcast live via ABS-CBN in the Philippines and to many countries worldwide via Star World, The Filipino Channel and other partner networks.

Miss International 2010
On November 7, 2010, she placed 1st runner-up in Miss International 2010 in Chengdu, China.

References

Miss Earth Thailand 2008

External links
Miss Thailand Universe 2008 Official Website

1988 births
Living people
Miss Earth 2008 contestants
Miss International 2010 delegates
Piyaporn Deejing
Miss Earth Thailand

Piyaporn Deejing


In Greek mythology, Hyllus (; Ancient Greek: Ὕλλος) or Hyllas (Ὕλᾱς) was a son of Heracles and Deianira and the husband of Iole.

Mythology
Heracles, whom Zeus had originally intended to be ruler of Argos, Lacedaemon and Messenian Pylos, had been supplanted by the cunning of Hera, and his intended possessions had fallen into the hands of Eurystheus, king of Mycenae. After the death of Heracles, his children, after many wanderings, found refuge from Eurystheus at Athens. Eurystheus, on his demand for their surrender being refused, attacked Athens, but was defeated and slain.

Hyllus and his brothers invaded Peloponnesus, but after a year's stay were forced by a pestilence to quit.

They withdrew to Thessaly, where Aegimius, the mythical ancestor of the Dorians, whom Heracles had assisted in war against the Lapidae, adopted Hyllus and made over to him a third part of his territory. After the death of Aegimius, his two sons, Pamphylus and Dymas, voluntarily submitted to Hyllus (who was, according to the Dorian tradition in Herodotus V. 72, really an Achaean), who thus became ruler of the Dorians, the three branches of that race being named after these three heroes. Being desirous of reconquering his paternal inheritance, Hyllus consulted the Delphic oracle, which told him to wait for "the third fruit," and then enter Peloponnesus by "a narrow passage by sea."

Accordingly, after three years, Hyllus marched across the isthmus of Corinth to attack Atreus, the successor of Eurystheus, but was slain in single combat by Echemus, king of Tegea. This second attempt was followed by a third under his son Cleodaeus and a fourth under his grandson Aristomachus, both of which were equally unsuccessful.  At last, Temenus, Cresphontes and Aristodemus, the sons of Aristomachus, complained to the oracle that its instructions had proved fatal to those who had followed them.  They received the answer that by the "third fruit" the "third generation" was meant, and that  the "narrow passage" was not the isthmus of Corinth, but the straits of Rhium.

They accordingly built a fleet at Naupactus, but before they set sail, Aristodemus was struck by lightning (or shot by Apollo) and the fleet destroyed, because one of the Heracleidae had slain an Acarnanian soothsayer.  The oracle, being again consulted by Temenus, bade him offer an expiatory sacrifice and banish the murderer for ten years, and look out for a man with three eyes to act as guide.  On his way back to Naupactus, Temenus fell in with Oxylus, an Aetolian, who had lost one eye, riding on a horse (thus making up the three eyes) and immediately pressed him into his service.  According to another account, a mule on which Oxylus rode had lost an eye.

The Heracleidae repaired their ships, sailed from Naupactus to Antirrhium, and thence to Rhium in Peloponnesus.  A decisive battle was fought with Tisamenus, son of Orestes, the chief ruler in the peninsula, who was defeated and slain.  The Heracleidae, who thus became practically masters of Peloponnesus, proceeded to distribute its territory among themselves by lot. Argos fell to Temenus, Lacedaemon to Procles and Eurysthenes, the twin sons of Aristodemus; and Messene to Cresphontes.  The fertile district of Elis had been reserved by agreement for Oxylus.

The Heracleidae ruled in Lacedaemon until 221 BC, but disappeared much earlier in the other countries.  This conquest of Peloponnesus by the Dorians, commonly called the "Return of the Heracleidae," is represented as the recovery by the descendants of Heracles of the rightful inheritance of their hero ancestor and his sons.  The Dorians followed the custom of other Greek tribes in claiming as ancestor for their ruling families one of the legendary heroes, but the traditions must not on that account be regarded as entirely mythical.  They represent a joint invasion of Peloponnesus by Aetolians and Dorians, the latter having been driven southward from their original northern home under pressure from the Thessalians.

It is noticeable that there is no mention of these Heracleidae or their invasion in Homer or Hesiod. Herodotus (vi. 52) speaks of poets who had celebrated their deeds, but these were limited to events immediately succeeding the death of Heracles.  The story was first amplified by the Greek tragedians, who probably drew their inspiration from local legends, which glorified the services rendered by Athens to the rulers of Peloponnesus.

After Heracles was poisoned by Deianira, Heracles charged Hyllus to marry Iole when he came of age. Hyllus and Iole had a son Cleodaeus, and three daughters, Evaechme, Aristaechme, and Hyllis.

Notes

References
 Apollodorus, Apollodorus, The Library, with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd., 1921. . Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.
 Hesiod, Catalogue of Women, in Hesiod: The Shield, Catalogue of Women, Other Fragments, edited and translated by Glenn W. Most, Loeb Classical Library No. 503, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 2007, 2018. . Online version at Harvard University Press.
 Smith, William, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London (1873). Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.

Heracleidae
Children of Heracles

Hyllus


Chicktionary is a word game available on the Microsoft Internet search page. Chicktionary was developed by Blockdot, a Dallas, Texas based developer of games and branded entertainment applications. The game was originally developed as "Fowl Words" but later changed after it was concluded that the play on words "fowl" would be confused with "foul" and alienate potential players.

The game is a variation on the game of Anagrams. It features an egg rack, replete with three-letter, four-letter, five-letter, six-letter and seven-letter sequences of eggs. Seven chickens appear at the bottom, each bearing a letter. When the player clicks on a hen, its letter is dropped into a box. Clicking on three or more hens in sequence can create a word. If it is a valid word, a sequence of eggs of the appropriate length will be filled up with the word.

The goal is to fill the quotas of 11 three-letter words, 10 four-letter words, 10 five-letter words, 3 six-letter words and 1 seven letter-word. Players get 20 points for finishing a round by filling up all the sequences of eggs. There are two modes of game time and infinitude. The timed version allows players to form words within two minutes per round and there is no limit in the other mode.

Points are redeemable for real prizes—20,000 points in Chicktionary could be redeemed for a copy of Windows Vista Home Premium.

Fox News reported that the popularity of this search engine vis-à-vis Google and Yahoo increased due to the introduction of this game. Microsoft's share of the search market increased by 13.2% in June 2007.

A problem that has arisen with this game is the creation of bots to play and win these games and gain prizes for human bot programmers. Microsoft, however, says it detects and catches bots and nullifies their points and winnings.

Chicktionary was released on the iPhone in November 2008. It was released on Android phones in August 2009. The play for redeemable points program was terminated in 2012.e 2007. A new version of game, Chicktionary Coop, was released on November 2012

It was originally created by Dan Ferguson https://danferguson.com and Mike Bielinski. Both Dan and Mike were two of the original founders of Blockdot.

References

2008 video games
Android (operating system) games
IOS games
Microsoft games
Video games developed in the United States
Word games

Chicktionary


The Alliance Conducted at Sea () was a political alliance in Chinese history between the Song and Jin dynasties in the early 12th century against the Liao dynasty. The alliance was negotiated from 1115 to 1123 by envoys who crossed the Bohai Sea.  Under the alliance, the two nations agreed to jointly invade the Liao, split captured territories, and cede the Sixteen Prefectures to the Song, and forswore making unilateral peace with the Liao. In 1121–23, the Song faltered in their military campaigns but the Jin succeeded in driving remnants of the Liao imperial court to Central Asia where they formed the Western Liao dynasty. The Jin handed over several of the Sixteen Prefectures to the Song including modern-day Beijing.  In 1125, the alliance ended when the Jin, sensing Song weakness, invaded southward and eventually captured the Song capital of Kaifeng in 1127.

See also
History of the Song dynasty
Jin–Song Wars
Treaty of Shaoxing
Timeline of the Jin–Song Wars
History of Beijing

Citations

Bibliography
 (hardcover);  (paperback).

Jin–Song Wars
Khitan history
Treaties of the Song dynasty

Alliance Conducted at Sea


Gnulib, also called the GNU portability library, is a collection of software subroutines which are designed to be usable on many operating systems. The goal of the project is to make it easy for free software authors to make their software run on many operating systems. Since source is designed to be copied from gnulib, it is not a library per-se, as much as a collection of portable idioms to be used in other projects.

Making a software package work on a system other than the original system it worked on is usually called "porting" the software to the new system, and a library is a collection of subroutines which can be added to new programs. Thus, Gnulib is the GNU project's portability library.

It is primarily written for use by the GNU Project, but can be used by any free software project.

See also

 GLib
 libiberty

References

External links
 The official Gnulib homepage

Free computer libraries
GNU Project software

Gnulib


The Malyshev Factory (; abbreviated ), formerly the Kharkov Locomotive Factory (, ), is a state-owned manufacturer of heavy equipment in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was named after the Soviet politician Vyacheslav Malyshev. The factory is part of the state concern, Ukroboronprom.

It produces diesel engines, farm machinery, coal mining, sugar refining, and wind farm equipment, but is best known for its production of Soviet tanks, including the BT tank series of fast tanks, the famous T-34 of the Second World War, the Cold War T-64 and T-80, and their modern Ukrainian successor, the T-84. The factory is closely associated with the Morozov Design Bureau (KMDB), designer of military armoured fighting vehicles and the Kharkov Engine Design Bureau (KEDB) for engines. During 1958 it constructed "Kharkovchanka", an off-road vehicle which reached the South Pole the following year.

At its height during the Soviet era, the factory employed 60,000 of Kharkiv's 1.5 million inhabitants.

, 5,000 people worked at the factory.

Naming
The factory was renamed several times. First originally named in Russian, English-language sources variously refer to it as factory, plant, or works, though now use the Ukrainian translation of the word zavod (works).

Timeline
 1895—Establishment of the Kharkov Locomotive Factory ( / )
 1923—Production line for Kommunar tractors established
 1928—Renamed Kharkiv Komintern Locomotive Factory (), and the tank design bureau is established
 1936—Renamed Factory No. 183 (Zavod No. 183)
 1941—Evacuated to Nizhny Tagil in the Urals and merged with the Uralvagonzavod Factory, to form the Ural Tank Factory No. 183
 1945—Re-established at Kharkov Diesel Factory No. 75
 1957—Renamed Malyshev Plant ()

History

The Kharkov Locomotive Factory (KhPZ) built about 20% of the Russian Empire's railway engines. After the Russian Revolution and the establishment of the Soviet government in Ukraine, the factory was put to work designing and building tractors and, after 1927, tanks. The Leningrad's Bolshevik Factory and the Kharkiv's KhPZ in 1929 became the first two Soviet tank factories to be modernized with German assistance under the Treaty of Rapallo, 1922.

Tank production
A tank design bureau was established in the factory in 1928, one of several which would be responsible for some of the most successful tanks ever built, and eventually become the Morozov Design Bureau. The KhPZ designed and produced twenty-five T-24 tanks, then nearly eight thousand BT fast tanks. It also built a handful of multi-turreted T-35 tanks.

Shortly before the German invasion of the Soviet Union the KhPZ started series production of the T-34, the most-produced tank of World War II. Series production began in June 1940 in Kharkiv, and later in the Stalingrad Tractor Plant and Krasnoye Sormovo Shipbuilding Plant. In 1941, due to German advances, the factory and design shops were evacuated to the Ural mountains; the plant was merged with Uralvagonzavod in Nizhny Tagil into one enterprise called Ural Tank Plant No. 183.

After Soviet victory over the Germans, it began production of the new T-44 tank in 1945, and the first prototypes of the T-54. After the war was over, the design bureau and factory gradually transferred all operations back to Kharkiv. The "No. 183" designation was left in Nizhny Tagil, while in Kharkiv the factory merged into Factory No. 75, a previously existing plant known for its T-34 diesel engines. T-54 production was started in the Urals and Kharkiv in 1947–48, and the move ended with the 1951 re-establishment of the Design Bureau, now called KB-60M, in Kharkiv. In 1957, the Factory No. 75 was renamed Malyshev Plant, and next year it took up production of T-55, the most-produced tank ever. The bureau also designed OT-54 and TO-55 flame-thrower tanks, for production at the Omsk Transport Machine Construction Plant. In 1967, T-64 tank production began here, as well as in the Kirov Plant and in the Uralvagonzavod. The T-80 tank, with a high performance gas turbine engine was produced beginning in 1983, followed in 1985 by a more conventional diesel model, T-80UD.

Finished tanks were assembled in several plants, but Soviet industrial planning prevented any region from being able to establish independent arms production. Components and sub-assemblies were produced in different factories, the Malyshev Factory specializing in engines and transmissions.

In independent Ukraine
The Malyshev factory's million-square-metre facility produced 800 tanks in 1991, but underwent difficult times after the breakup of the Soviet Union, producing only 46 tanks until 1996, when a $650 M contract was signed to supply 320 T-80UD tanks to Pakistan. Fulfilling the contract was difficult — the distributed nature of Soviet military industry forced reliance on Russian factories for parts, and Russian political interference forced the development of local capabilities, resulting in the T-84 tank design.

Like many Ukrainian industries, Malyshev was not allowed to negotiate contracts directly with foreign governments, but had to rely on Ukrspetsexport, a government arms-trading company. Although Malyshev was denied exporter status in July 1999, it was given this status by decree of President Leonid Kuchma in November of that year, a move seen to be an election gift to Kharkiv Oblast. Malyshev joined as the leader of thirty-four companies to form an export consortium called Ukrainian Armored Vehicles.

Malyshev has demonstrated main battle tanks to Turkey, Greece, and Malaysia, and has entered into a contract to supply engines for Chinese-made Al-Khalid tanks for Pakistan. In September 2000, a deal was signed to modernize Soviet-made tanks and armoured personnel carries for the United Arab Emirates. The Malyshev factory also manufactures parts for Bizon, a Polish producer of agricultural combines.

In April 2009, the Malyshev Factory signed a contract to upgrade 29 T-64B [Т-64Б] tanks to T-64BM "Bulat" [Т-64БМ "Булат"] standard, for the Ukrainian Army for ₴200 million ($25.1 million). Ten upgraded tanks were delivered in 2010, and 19 planned to be delivered in 2011. The T-64B tanks being upgraded were originally produced at Kharkiv in 1980.

In 2012 the Malyshev Factory had a sizable tank scrapping operation.

Since the outbreak of the War in Donbass the factory's main focus became supplying new and rehabilitated tanks to the Ukrainian Army.

On 22 July 2014 the factory was used as a transfer point in returning the bodies from the Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 crash to their home countries.

The factory was struck by Russian missiles in March 2022, December 2022, and February 2023.

Production

Locomotives
Locomotive production was performed from 1897 to 1969. Until the invasion of Soviet Union by Germany in 1941, the factory was producing steam locomotives which were produced on several factories of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. After the war and rebuilding of the factory in 1947, it produced diesel locomotives until 1969.
 1897–1915 Russian locomotive class O (particularly Од and Ов)
 1906–1916 Russian locomotive class Shch
 1912–1919 Russian locomotive class S (about 9 were produced in the Ukrainian State in 1918–19)
 1915–1917 Russian locomotive class E (possibly through 1935)
 1924–1951 Russian locomotive class S (enforced)
 1935–1941 Soviet locomotive class SO
 1939–1941 Tender with water heating for SO18
 1947–1950 TE1 (along with the Kharkov Elektrotyazhmash and the Moscow Dynamo)
 1948–1955 TE2 (along with the Kharkov Elektrotyazhmash)
 1953–1973 TE3 (along with the Kharkov Elektrotyazhmash, the Luhanskteplovoz and the Kolomna Factory)
 1952–1952 TE4 (only one built as experimental, based on TE2)
 1948–1948 TE5 (only two built as experimental, based on TE1)
 1956-1964 TE7 (along with the Luhanskteplovoz, based on TE3)
 1958-1997 TE10 (along with the Luhanskteplovoz)
 1961-1968 TEP10 (initially as TE11)
 1964-1968 2TE40 (along with the Kharkov Elektrotyazhmash, only five built as experimental)

Tracked vehicles

Specialized in tank building, the factory also was manufacturing artillery tractors, while initially as agricultural tractors.
 1924-1931 Communard (used in agriculture)
 1935-1940 Comintern
 1939-1941 Voroshylovets
 400-series
 1958-1958 Kharkovchanka, special purpose vehicle for Antarctica (4th Soviet Antarctic Expedition)

Engines

Notable diesel engines from Kharkov include the 1472 kW 2D100 (used in the TE3 locomotive) and the 2208 kW 10D100 (used in the TE10 locomotive). Both were 10 cylinder opposed piston two-stroke diesel engines of the 1950s. Another engine in this series, the 12 cylinder 9D100 was less successful and was not widely used.

References

Bibliography

External links

 T-64BV repaired at Malyshev Factory

1895 establishments in the Russian Empire
Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union
Defence companies of Ukraine
Tanks of the Soviet Union
Diesel engine manufacturers
Defence companies of the Soviet Union
Agriculture companies of the Soviet Union
Economy of Kharkiv
Locomotive manufacturers of Ukraine
Ukrainian brands
Slobidskyi District
Engine manufacturers of the Soviet Union
Ukroboronprom
1895 establishments in Ukraine

Malyshev Factory


In Romano-British religion, Cocidius was a deity worshipped in northern Britain. The Romans equated him with Mars, god of war and hunting, and also with Silvanus, god of forests, groves and wild fields. Like Belatucadros, he was probably worshipped by lower-ranked Roman soldiers as well as by the Britons for whom he was probably a tribal god - a genius loci.

Etymology
Rivet and Smith note that the name may be related to British Celtic cocco-, 'red', suggesting that statues of the god might have been painted red:. the figure discovered in the 1980s in the Otterburn Training Area is known as the Red One.

Representations and dedications

Fanocodi was a Roman place-name mentioned in the Ravenna Cosmography for a location close to the Solway Estuary; the name has been derived from Fanum Cocidii, or temple of Cocidius, and the place identified with Bewcastle. There are dedications to Cocidius around Hadrian's Wall and Cumbria, including the forts at Birdoswald and Bewcastle. Another inscription, at Ebchester, refers to him as Cocidius Vernostonus, Cocidius of the alder tree. A 2000-year-old carving of Cocidius was found in 2006 near Chesters Fort on Hadrian's Wall. This was dubbed the little man and shows a figure with its arms flung wide and legs braced firmly against the ground. Although the gender is not depicted, the shape and accessories are seemingly male, with a shield in the left hand, a sword in the right, and a scabbard hanging from the belt around his tunic. This is one of at least nine representations known in the Hadrian's Wall corridor, and a further 25 or so inscriptions dedicated to him. Most of these are along the western portion of the Wall, the most spectacular being found at Yardhope, where a figure in bas-relief brandishes spear and shield on a vertical rock-face at the entrance to a small shrine.

See also
Vernostonos, possibly an epithet of Cocidius

References

Gods of the ancient Britons
War gods
Hunting gods
Nature gods
Horned gods
Martian deities

Cocidius


United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262 was adopted on March 27, 2014 by the sixty-eighth session of the United Nations General Assembly in response to the Russian annexation of Crimea and entitled "Territorial integrity of Ukraine". The non-binding resolution, which was supported by 100 United Nations member states, affirmed the General Assembly's commitment to the territorial integrity of Ukraine within its internationally recognized borders and underscored the invalidity of the 2014 Crimean referendum. Eleven (11) nations voted against the resolution, while 58 abstained, and a further 24 states were absent when the vote took place.

The resolution was introduced by Canada, Costa Rica, Germany, Lithuania, Poland and Ukraine. The adoption of the resolution was preceded by the unsuccessful attempts of the United Nations Security Council, that convened seven sessions to address the Crimean crisis, only to face Russian veto.

Related pages
 United Nations

References

Other websites
 Complete text of the Resolution 68/262

United Nations


Svatopluk Havelka (born 2 May 1925 – 24 February 2009) was a Czech composer.

Biography
Svatopluk Havelka  was born at Vrbice in the Karviná district. He studied composition privately with Karel Boleslav Jirák from 1945 to 1947, while a student of musicology at the Faculty of Philosophy of Charles University under Josef Hutter and Antonín Sychra. Havelka subsequently became a member of the music department of Czechoslovak Radio in Ostrava. At the same time he was the founder and artistic director of the NOTA Ensemble (1949–1950). For the next four years he was an instructor and composer with the Army Art Ensemble. Beginning in 1954 he devoted himself to freelance composing. He was especially prolific as a film composer, providing music for more than 200 films, including several from the Czech "New Wave" in the 1960s. His early style was marked by traits of the folk music of his native Moravia, but he later turned to more complex techniques, particularly in the large-scale orchestral and choral works he composed in the 1960s and 70s. Beginning in the late 1970s his attention became focused on Christian subjects, and he composed many biblically based chamber works and choral-orchestral pieces. Havelka died on 24 February 2009 in Prague.

Selected list of works
The Rose of Wounds.  Songs for a middle voice and piano (also for orchestra) to texts by Baroque poets, 1944, CHF, o PA   8'
Night Music for orchestra, 1944, manuscript 20'
Suite for Small Orchestra, 1947, manuscript 16'
Symphony No. 1, 1956, SU, o Su 42'
Four Music-dramatic Suites to texts of Moravian folk poetry for solo voice, chamber ensemble, reciter, voiceband and chamber orchestra - 1948, 1949, 1951 - manuscript each 30'
Spring. Vocal Rhapsody for three solo voices, mixed and children's choir, large orchestra, 1949 - CHF 25'
In Praise of Light. Cantata for soprano, alto, bass, mixed choir and large orchestra to words from S.K. Neumann's Sonata of Horizontal Life - 1959, P o Su 50'
Heptameron. A poem on nature and love for soprano, alto, tenor, and bass, reciter and orchestra - 1964, PA, o Su 45'
Foam. A Symphonic Poem on the poem of the same title by Hans Magnus Enzensberger - 1965 - PA, o Su 12'
Ernesto Che Guevara. Symphonic Picture - 1969, P,CHF 14' o P
Pyrrhos. Symphony- ballet, 1970, Su 28'
Hommage a Hieronymus Bosch. Symphonic Fantasy for orchestra - 1974,P o P 12'
Nonet 1976, ESu, o Su 20'
Percussionata. A suite for percussion instruments, 1978, ESu, o Su 20'
Children's Suite for orchestra, 1982 (from the film music "Johnnie's Journey")
CHF 23'
Poggii Florentini ad Leonardum Aretinum epistola de M. Hieronymi de Praga supplicio (Epistle of Poggio Bracciolini of Florence to Leonardo Bruni of Arezzo on the Condemnation of Master Jerome of Prague). Oratorio for 4 soli (S,A,T,B), children's choir, madrigal choir, mixed choir, large symphony orchestra and organ - 1984, P, o P, CD P 68'
Tichá radost (Quiet Joy), composition for solo viola, 1985, CHF 17'
Disegno. Composition for solo flute, 1986, CHF 14'
Homage to Fra Angelica for guitar, 1987, o P 11'
Profeteia. Composition for children's choir, orchestra and organ (ad lib.) to Biblical texts - 1988, CD P 24'
Soliloquia abimae ad Deum (Dialogues between the Soul and the Lord) for clarinet and piano - 1991, 27' o CD P
The Hidden Manna and a White Stone. For two percussion players - 1992 13' CD P
 Pareneze for soprano, piano and 2 percussionists, 1993, CD PA    24'
 ....with sounding cymbals (Psalm 150). For percussion solo - 1994 CD P 17'
 The Signs of the Times. For the Symphonic Orchestra. Written for the 100th anniversary of the Czech Philharmonic Orchestra (1996) 27'

Notes

References

 Slavický, Milan. 2001. "Havelka, Svatopluk". The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.

External links
 Svatopluk Havelka webpage

1925 births
2009 deaths
Czech composers
Czech male composers
People from Bohumín
20th-century Czech male musicians
Charles University alumni

Svatopluk Havelka


Roderigo López (1525 – June 7, 1594) was a physician of Portuguese background. He was tried and executed for trying to poison Elizabeth I. He is believed to be the inspiration for Shakespeare's character Shylock in The Merchant of Venice.

López was born into a family of Jewish origin in Portugal. He graduated from university with a degree in medicine. He went to England where he was appointed chief physician to Elizabeth I in 1586. He knew powerful men at court, and grew rich and respected. He was involved in various court intrigues until convicted of plotting to poison the Queen. He was hanged, drawn and quartered.

Several contemporaries make reference to the trial and execution. Christopher Marlowe mentions it in Doctor Faustus as do Thomas Dekker in Whore of Babylon and Thomas Middleton in A Game at Chess. It is possible that Shylock in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice was inspired by López.

Queen Elizabeth I's physician, Roderigo Lopez, was tried and executed for allegedly plotting to kill the queen in 1594. As a Portuguese double agent, 'Doctor Lopez a Jew' was said to have conspired with the Spanish, England's enemies at that time. He was accused of attempting to kill the Portuguese King Antonio and 'take away Queene Elizabeths life by poyson', in return for 'fifty thousand Crowns'

References

1525 births
1594 deaths
Executed people
Jewish scientists
Physicians
Portuguese scientists

Rodrigo López


A Kid's Guide to Giving is a non-fiction children's book by Freddi Zeiler, with illustrations by Ward Schumaker. It sets out to teach and inform young people on how to give – both money and other help – to charities and other causes. It was published in 2006 by Innovative Kids in collaboration with By Kids For Kids. The book was recommended by former US President Bill Clinton in his Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World.

Freddi Zeiler realized when she was in 7th grade that she had a privileged life, seeing that other kids around the world worked all day just so their families could buy food and survive. She searched on the computer for the "perfect charity" for her interests and discovered a lot about charities in the process. She wrote the book to save other children the same effort. The book is a reference of many non-profit organizations that young people can relate to, divided into the categories People, Animals, and Environment.

References

2006 children's books
Children's non-fiction books
American children's books

A Kid's Guide to Giving


Russell Thomas Francis Skinner (13 October 1908 – 6 January 1998) was a British architect and the longest-serving member of Tecton, the architectural practice founded by Berthold Lubetkin in 1932 that pioneered the Modern Movement in Britain. As the historian John Allan recalls, 'Skinner was Lubetkin's closest colleague, who shared and supported his charismatic partner's belief in modern architecture as an instrument of social progress'.

Politically and architecturally radical, Skinner trained at the Architectural Association from 1927 but reacted strongly against 'traditionalist teaching' in favour of the progressive European Modernism embodied by Lubetkin. 'His first building, a prize-winning reinforced concrete house for the Modern Homes Exhibition at Gidea Park, was completed in 1934 when he was only 26' (Allen). This house is still extant and in close to original condition. (64 Heath Drive Gidea Park) Restored extensively under the supervision of English Heritage, it is listed Grade 2. Skinner was active in the Communist Party, the Architects & Technicians Organisation, and other leftist groups that campaigned for better housing conditions and the unionisation of building workers. After first-hand observation of bomb damage in the Spanish Civil War he designed and promoted deep air-raid shelters.

Skinner took Lubetkin's projects, for the progressive London Borough of Finsbury, starting with Finsbury Health Centre (1938), continuing after World War II, with the Spa Green Estate, Priory Green and Bevin Court (Holford Square), for which he designed the signage as well as supervising the project. John Allen records that Skinner 'declined an invitation from Le Corbusier to join him at Chandigarh in 1950 but continued with major housing developments in Bethnal Green, Hackney and Southwark in the reformed firm of Skinner, Bailey & Lubetkin'. Many of his designs for London public housing are preserved in the British Architectural Library of the Royal Institute of British Architects.

References

External links
 RIBA articles and drawings
 RIBA photographs

1908 births
1998 deaths
20th-century British architects
People from Kuala Lumpur

Francis Skinner (architect)


was a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Japan.

Itoh was a lifelong employee of Suzuki (mainly concerned with racing and competitions) and began his Grand Prix career in 1961 at the French motorcycle Grand Prix. There he was a DNS in the 125cc Grand Prix and retired on the 3rd Lap in the 250cc Grand Prix. He finished in fifth place in the 50cc world championships, four consecutive years between 1962 and 1965. In 1963, Itoh became the first Japanese rider with a Japanese motor-cycle (Suzuki) to win a race at the Isle of Man TT when he won the 50cc Ultra-Lightweight TT race. He remains the only Japanese rider to have won an Isle of Man TT race. Itoh won two Grand Prix races during his career. Itoh stayed with Suzuki for most of his racing career, even for his brief foray into car racing.

In cars

Itoh competed in a Can-Am style Suzuki Fronte RF single-seater in the JAF Grand Prix Formula Junior "Junior Seven Challenge Cup" race, held at Fuji International Speedway in 1970. He won the race with an average speed of 130.9 km/h. While he was also supposed to have started in the JAF Grand Prix Tournament (also at Fuji) two weeks later, the Junior Seven Challenge Cup victory remained his only start in a JAF race. Itoh also famously partnered with Stirling Moss in December 1968 for a publicity high-speed run along Italy's  Autostrada del Sole, which leads from Milan to Naples. In the end, the average speed attained was , respectable for a car with a mere 356 cc engine.

Motorcycle Grand Prix results

(key) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

References

1937 births
Japanese motorcycle racers
50cc World Championship riders
125cc World Championship riders
Isle of Man TT riders
2019 deaths

Mitsuo Itoh


Frank Conroy (January 15, 1936 – April 6, 2005) was an American author. He published five books, including the highly acclaimed memoir Stop-Time. Published in 1967, this ultimately made Conroy a noted figure in the literary world. The book was nominated for the National Book Award.

Early life and education
Frank Conroy was born on January 15, 1936, in New York, New York, to an American father and a Danish mother. Conroy graduated from Haverford College, and was director of the influential Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa for 18 years, from 1987 until 2005, where he was also F. Wendell Miller Professor. He was previously the director of the literature program at the National Endowment for the Arts from 1982 to 1987.

Writing
Conroy's published works include the memoir Stop-Time (1967); a collection of short stories, Midair (1985); a novel, Body and Soul (1993), which is regarded as one of the finest evocations of the experience of being a musician; a collection of essays and commentaries, Dogs Bark, but the Caravan Rolls On: Observations Then and Now (2002); and a travelogue, Time and Tide: A Walk Through Nantucket (2004). His fiction and nonfiction have appeared in such journals as The New Yorker, Esquire, GQ, Harper's Magazine, Glamour, Parenting, and Partisan Review. He was named a Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters by the French government.

Jazz piano
In addition to writing, Conroy was an accomplished jazz pianist, winning a Grammy Award in 1986 for liner notes. His book Dogs Bark, But the Caravan Rolls On: Observations Then and Now includes articles that describe jamming with Charles Mingus and with Charlie Watts and Bill Wyman. The latter session occurred when Conroy was writing about the Rolling Stones for Esquire. Conroy had arrived at a mansion for the interview, found nobody there, and eventually sat down at a grand piano and began to play. Someone wandered in, sat down at the drums, and joined in with accomplished jazz drumming; then a fine jazz bassist joined in. They turned out to be Watts and Wyman, whom Conroy did not recognize until they introduced themselves after the session.

Death and recognition
Conroy died of colon cancer on April 6, 2005, in Iowa City, Iowa, at the age of 69. The Frank Conroy Reading Room in the Dey House, the home of the Iowa Writers' Workshop, was named in his honor.

Conroy is the subject of Mentor: A Memoir by Tom Grimes, his former student at the Iowa Writers Workshop and longtime friend.

External links

 Identity Theory interview with Frank Conroy
 Lacy Crawford (Fall 2004). A Final Conversation, with Frank Conroy, Narrative Magazine.
 Two Frank Conroy manuscripts are housed at the University of Iowa Special Collections & University Archives.
 1994 Whiting Writers' Award Keynote Speech
 Tom Grimes

1936 births
2005 deaths
Deaths from colorectal cancer
20th-century American novelists
20th-century American memoirists
University of Iowa faculty
American travel writers
Haverford College alumni
Grammy Award winners
American people of Danish descent
Deaths from cancer in Iowa
Iowa Writers' Workshop faculty
Burials at Mount Auburn Cemetery
American male novelists
American male essayists
American male short story writers
20th-century American short story writers
20th-century American essayists
20th-century American male writers
Novelists from Iowa

Frank Conroy (author)


The Black Country dialect is spoken by many people in the Black Country, a region covering most of the four Metropolitan Boroughs of Dudley, Sandwell, Walsall and Wolverhampton. It also influences the accents of towns and villages in the counties to the north, south and west of the region. It is distinct from the Brummie dialect, which originates from the neighbouring city of Birmingham.

Description
In general, the Black Country dialect has resisted many of the changes from Middle English that are seen in other dialects of British English, resembling particularly Northern English and West Country English.
 There is no trap-bath split, so there is no /ɑː/ in words like bath, grass, etc., so to rhyme with math(s), gas, etc.
Like most British accents (except Received Pronunciation), there are glottal stops.
 /æ/ is uniformly pronounced as [a].
 There is no foot-strut split, so that cut rhymes with put, and both use /ʊ/.
 There is no NG-coalescence, so singer rhymes with finger, with both commonly pronounced with [ŋg~ŋk]. Indeed, the accent can be analysed as lacking the phoneme /ŋ/ with that sound instead being regarded as an allophone of /n/.
 The Black Country accent is non-rhotic, and draw and drawer are nearly homophones.
 Final unstressed vowels are further reduced, such as /wɪndə/ for window and /fə/ for far.
 Final fricative consonants can be voiced and so /s/ is pronounced as [z] and /f/ as [v], for example, bus is pronounced buzz.

The traditional Black Country dialect preserves many archaic traits of Early Modern English and even Middle English and can be very confusing for outsiders. Thee, thy and thou are still in use, as is the case in parts of Derbyshire, Yorkshire and Lancashire. "'Ow B'ist," meaning "How are you?" is a greeting contracted from "How be-est thou?" with the typical answer being "'Bay too bah," ("I be not too bad"), meaning "I am not too bad." "I haven't seen her" becomes "I ay sid 'er." Black Country dialect often uses "ar" where other parts of England use "yes" (this is common as far away as Yorkshire). Similarly, the local version of "you" is pronounced , rhyming with "so."  Among older speakers ye is used for you, as it is in most northern parts of England and Scotland. It is also common for older speakers to say "Her" instead of "She" ("'Er day did 'ah?", meaning "She didn't did she?"). The local pronunciation "goo" (elsewhere "go") or "gewin'" is similar to that elsewhere in the Midlands. It is quite common for broad Black Country speakers to say "agooin'" where others say "going". This is found in the greeting "Ow b'ist gooin?" ("How are you, How's it going?"), to which a typical response would be "Bostin ah kid" ("Very well our kid"). Although the term yam yam may come from ya'm (you am), ya/ye is an archaic form of you and in many areas ye (pronounced like yea or ya) is used: "Owamya aer kid? — Ar ah'm owkay ta." It is possible that Black Country simply retains more country speech, unlike Birmingham, which has been settled for a much longer period of time and has developed a town speech and therefore been influenced more by standard English much longer.

A road sign containing local dialect was placed at the A461/A459/A4037 junction in 1997 before the construction of a traffic island on the site. The sign read, "If yowm saft enuff ter cum dahn 'ere agooin wum, yowr tay ull be spile't!!", which means, "If you're saft  (stupid) enough to come down here on your way home, your tea will be spoilt".

The dialect's perception was boosted in 2008 when an internet video, The Black Country Alphabet, described the whole alphabet in Black Country speak.

Common words

 "Orroight" = "Alright"
 Used as a questioning greeting, short for "Am yow orroight?"
 "Yow" = "You"
 "Yam" = "You are"
 From "Yow am" or "Yowm".
 This is the origin of "Yam Yams", a term designated by "Brummies" for the people from Wolverhampton who use this expression.
 "Am" = "Are"
 "Ar" = "Yes"
 "Arm" = "I'm"
 "Bin" = "Been", "Are" or "Am"
 "Bay" = "Not"
 "Dow" = "Doesn't"
 "Day" = "Didn't"
 "Her/'Er" = "She"
 "Cowin" = "Extremely"
 "Gewin/Gooin" = "Going"
 "Thay" = "They"
 "Oss" = "Horse"
 "Tekkin" = "Taking"
 "Cut" = "Canal"
 "Ay/Ayn" = "Ain't"
 "Ova" = "Over"
 "Cud" = "Could"
 "Cor/Car" = "Cannot"
 "Wammal" or "Scrammel" = "Dog"
 "Warra" = "What a"
 "Worrow" = "Hello"
 "Wossant" or "War/Wor" = "Wasn't"
 E.g. "It wor me"
 "Blartin" = "Crying"
 "Babbie/Babby" = "Baby"
 "Me/Mar" = "My"
 "Kaylied" = "Drunk"
 "Arl" = "I'll"
 "Doe" = "Don't"
 "Tat" = "Junk"
 "Tattin" = "Collecting scrap metal"
 "Tatter" = "Scrap collector"
 "Werk" = "Work"
 "Loff/Laff" = "Laugh"
 "Yed" = "Head"
 "Jed" = "Dead"
 "Tar" = "Thanks
 "Ah'm" = "I'm"
 "Aer Kid" or "Kidda" = A young relative, sibling, or friend
 "Arr" = "Yes"
 "Nah" = "No"
 "Saft" = "Stupid"
 "Summat" = "Something"
 "Mekkin" = "Making"
 "Med" = "Made"
 "Sayin" = "Saying"
 "Wench" = "Girlfriend" or "Girl"
 "Missis" = "Wife"

The neighbouring city of Birmingham may be called "Brum-a-jum" (Birmingham's colloquial name is Brummagem, a corruption of its older name of Bromwicham and hence West Bromwich) or Birminam (missing the "g" and "h" out and saying it the way it is spelt). Natives of Birmingham (Brummies) meanwhile often refer to their Black Country neighbours as "Yam Yams", a reference to the use of "yow am" instead of "you are". However its unlikely yam yam comes from yow'm, as the sound is totally different; it's more likely from ye (archaic form of you), as in yer'm, which when said quickly sounds like yam, as in "yam gooin daft" "you're going silly", or "don't be so stupid" in translation. How many still say this ye'm form is unknown. "Ye" for you sounds different from "ya" (which is spoken with a schwa vowel), which also means you. "Yo" can also be used in the same sentence as "ye/ya" e.g. "Yo ay gooin agen am ya?" Some areas also use "yo'me" and "yow'm", depending on location and local dialect, and phrases as with Birmingham can differ from area to area, so there is dialect variation across the Black Country without differing in the basic Black Country words. Quick speech and blended words as in "shutyarow up" (shut your row up, meaning be quiet) can seem hard to understand and can even sound like "shutchowrow up". The blendings are to be thought of as products of Black Country pronunciation, not separate dialectal words.

The general intonation can sound even more similar to that of the West Country dialects, which also has an up and down sound, but different from Brummie which tends to be one tone and going down at the end.

Authentic recordings
The Survey of English Dialects recorded several traditional dialects from in and around the Black Country, which can be heard on the British Library Sound Archive website.

 G. Brooke (b.1888), market gardener from Himley, Staffordshire in the Black Country.
 Snead, Ted (b.1881), retired farm labourer from Hilton, Shropshire, a few miles west of the Black Country.
 William Wagstaffe (b.1876), retired labourer and smallholder from Romsley, Worcestershire, a few miles south of the Black Country.

Notes

 Black Country Slang A collection of Black Country dialect and slang words

References

Black Country
English language in England

Black Country dialect


The Revo is a semi-automatic belay device manufactured under the brand Wild Country by manufacturer Oberalp, for sports climbing with single ropes. It appeared on the market in autumn 2018.

The Revo combines the easy and dynamic handling of a tuber with the backup by a centrifugal brake. Paying out and taking in rope works fluently without resistance. Only when the rope rushes with a faster speed than 4 metre/second through the device, it arrests within a few centimetres.

According to European Norm EN15151-1, the Revo is a "Braking devices with manually assisted locking" (Type 8: "Belaying and abseiling with a panic locking element").

It is suitable for belaying with a dynamic single rope (Ø 8,5–11 mm), for left-handed and right-handed persons equally. Abseiling is possible on a single strand with some restrictions.

The device weighs 283 g (the Grigri 2, in comparison, 170 g).

References

Climbing equipment

Revo (climbing)


WWE Libraries Inc., branded as the WWE Legacy Department, is an American media company that consists of the largest collection of professional wrestling videos and copyrights in the world. The Legacy Department is a subsidiary of WWE, the professional wrestling division of TKO Group Holdings. It comprises not only past and current works by WWE (formerly the Capitol Wrestling Corporation, World Wide Wrestling Federation, World Wrestling Federation, and World Wrestling Entertainment) but also the works of now defunct professional wrestling promotions dating back to the 1930s. As of 2014, the library stands at 150,000 hours of content including weekly television shows, pay-per-views, and recorded house shows. The collection represents a very significant portion of the visual history of modern professional wrestling in the United States and Canada. WWE has made their classic holdings available through numerous home video releases, the Vintage television program, and on the WWE Network and WWE Classics on Demand services.

Classic WWE holdings
The Legacy Department's library includes all past and present WWE tapes dating back to the 1950s, including the footage from previous forms of the company.

Although not wrestling content, the library's holdings also include footage from various documentaries, reality shows, and fictional works produced for home video, the WWE Network and other broadcasters, and any motion pictures produced by WWE Studios. The footage saved from WWE's time as the Capitol Wrestling Corporation is among the rare surviving footage of broadcasts from the DuMont Television Network, as most of their footage was destroyed in the mid-1970s.

Non-WWE purchases
For years, WWE has engaged in a campaign of purchasing libraries of defunct wrestling promotions. The first significant purchase took place in 2001 when the company bought the complete historical archives of their former competitor World Championship Wrestling. The purchase of the Extreme Championship Wrestling's intellectual proprieties and video library during its bankruptcy proceedings in 2003 gave WWE control over the majority of all national professional wrestling footage available at the time.

On August 13, 2020, WWE announced that shows from the libraries of active independent wrestling promotions Evolve, Westside Xtreme Wrestling, Progress Wrestling, and Insane Championship Wrestling would begin airing on the WWE Network. As part of the agreement, all the respective promotions would continue to own their footage and remain separate entities from WWE. However, later in 2020, WWE purchased Evolve and Dragon Gate USA, its defunct sister promotion, after which Evolve ceased operations.

The dates listed below for purchased organizations and libraries represent the duration of footage that WWE owns and may not necessarily represent the entire extent of the promotion's existence.
American Wrestling Association (1933–1991, shared with ESPN)
Georgia Championship Wrestling (1944–1984)
Extreme Championship Wrestling (1992–2001)
Memphis Championship Wrestling (2000–2001)
Ohio Valley Wrestling (1999–2008)
Deep South Wrestling (2005–2007)
Florida Championship Wrestling (2007–2012)
Heartland Wrestling Association (2001–2003)
Smoky Mountain Wrestling (1992–1995)
Stampede Wrestling (1948–2008)
Global Wrestling Federation (1991–1994, shared with ESPN)
World Championship Wrestling (1988–2001)
Jim Crockett Promotions (1931–1988), which by the end of its existence included:
Central States Wrestling (1948–1986)
Championship Wrestling from Florida (1949–1987)
Championship Wrestling from Georgia (1984–1985)
Universal Wrestling Federation (1950s–1987)
World Class Championship Wrestling (1966–1988)
Maple Leaf Wrestling (1930–1984)
Ultimate Pro Wrestling (1999–2007)
 World Wrestling Council (1973–2018)
Evolve (2010–2020)
Dragon Gate USA (2009–2015)
International Championship Wrestling (1978–1984)

Relationship with the National Wrestling Alliance
Throughout its history, WWE has had a long relationship with the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). For many decades, from its founding in 1948 until the mid-1980s, the NWA acted as a governing body of America's many regional wrestling promotions, and membership in the NWA allowed for the shared use of big-name stars for local wrestling events. WWE (as the CWC) was a member of the NWA between 1950s and 1963, and again (as the WWWF/WWF) between 1971 and 1983. In 1998, WWE (as the WWF) hosted NWA matches on its programming.

Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) was an NWA member for its entire post-1948 existence and by the end of the promotion's run was widely regarded as the NWA itself, due to its purchases and control of the largest regional NWA promotions. This was exemplified by the presence of all major NWA titles in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) when JCP morphed into WCW in 1988. WCW's relationship with the NWA continued until 1993, when the promotion pulled out of the NWA.

As a result of WWE's former membership in the NWA, through its ownership of WCW and its predecessor, and through its ownership of Extreme Championship Wrestling (which was an NWA member until it suddenly severed ties in 1994) and other smaller regional promotions, WWE owns a vast amount of NWA footage, making up the majority of significant NWA matches from the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s. While WWE owns the majority of the video libraries of the NWA's previous notable members, WWE does not own the NWA itself, which is currently owned by Billy Corgan's Lightning One, Inc. company. As such, the WWE Legacy Department is not allowed to use the NWA name or logo to promote their video libraries.

Condition of the video libraries
Although professional wrestling has been on television throughout the medium's existence, not all broadcasts were recorded, nor necessarily saved, and most promotions did not have a regular television presence until the 1970s. Most broadcasts were taped over, so very little footage exists from pre-1970s promotions. The historical availability of individual, non-televised matches is also incomplete, as likely only the most significant bouts were recorded for posterity, and can be lost to time.

Several factors have adversely affected the quality of some surviving tapes. Upon taking control of the World Championship Wrestling library, it was noted that the tapes were unlabeled and not categorized. The condition of some WCW tapes is such that WWE could not air them on WWE Classics on Demand, or on the WWE Network.

Editing
WWE owns the unedited master tapes for all content in the library. However, due to a lawsuit over the "WWF" initials brought on by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), from April 2002 until June 2012, they were not allowed to use the letters WWF or the "scratch" logo used between December 15, 1997, and April 29, 2002 (the pre-"scratch" logo was not covered under this lawsuit, with a variation of this being used in the November 15, 2010 WWE Raw Old School edition). As a result, any instances of someone saying "WWF" (though not World Wrestling Federation) were edited and shots of the "scratch" logo were either removed or blurred on re-airings or video releases released during that time frame, except for the United Kingdom exclusive WWE Tagged Classics DVD line. In late July 2012, WWE reached a settlement with the WWF which once again allows them to use the "WWF" initials and scratch logo on archive footage. Unedited footage first appeared on Raw 1000 and since then has appeared in full-length matches posted to the WWE website and home video releases. In exchange, WWE is no longer permitted to use the WWF initials or logo in any new, original footage, with any old logos for retro-themed programming now using the original WWF logo, but modified without the F.

Music rights issues are also reasons for occasional editing by WWE of its library when airing or releasing videos. While most wrestlers' entrance themes are done in-house (notably by composer Jim Johnston), those whose music is not owned by WWE are often dubbed over with cheaper alternatives rather than providing the original audio, to save WWE paying licensing fees to the writers/performers of the original songs. Videos heavily affected in particular by these cost-cutting decisions are those featuring footage from Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW), which was famous for using recordings by mainstream music acts such as Metallica, AC/DC, and Dr. Dre for their wrestlers' entrances, although AC/DC and Metallica have provided music for WWE pay-per-view events as well. Exceptions to non-Johnston composed themes that WWE leaves in its archives are either songs that are in the public domain, such as the "Dawn" section of Also sprach Zarathustra used by Ric Flair and Pomp and Circumstance, which was used by Gorgeous George and later Randy Savage; or songs that the WWE acquired from its purchase of WCW, most notably the entrance music for Booker T. Additionally, wrestlers who worked for WWE but whose entrance music in other promotions may be owned by an outside company have had their songs in those promotions replaced by their WWE counterparts, such as Chris Jericho's World Championship Wrestling (WCW) theme being replaced by his WWE theme.

Due to a 1991 lawsuit, matches featuring Jesse Ventura on commentary were dubbed over for subsequent home video releases. However, matches featuring Ventura commentating are shown with unaltered audio on the WWE Network.

Since 2007, WWE has edited footage featuring Chris Benoit from repeat broadcasts, due to Benoit's murder-suicide. WWE has released some footage of Benoit from its library as well as WCW and ECW in the years since, but all of these have been group shots not focused on Benoit (most notably the 2004 Royal Rumble). Benoit's wife Nancy Benoit, who performed in a manager role in WCW under the ring name Woman, was also initially removed, but footage of her was later re-added. All archive footage of Chris Benoit has been available uncut on the WWE Network since its launch in 2014.

When WWE Network programming began being moved to Peacock in the United States in 2021, WWE and NBCUniversal (NCBU) began editing controversial content from WWE's past in order to meet NBCU's standards and practices; this also applied to the standalone WWE Network feed that remained overseas.

See also
History of WWE
WWE Home Video

Notes

References

Film archives in the United States
WWE
WWE Home Video
Television archives in the United States

WWE Libraries


Jiangsu is a province on the east coast of mainland China. Jiangsu borders Shandong in the north, Anhui to the west, and Zhejiang and Shanghai to the south. The capital of the province is Nanjing. Nanjing is the old capital of China. In 2021, about 85,054,000 people live in Jiangsu.

Other websites

Jiangsu


Glottiphyllum cruciatum is a rare species of succulent plant, of the family Aizoaceae. It is indigenous to arid areas near Oudtshoorn in the Western Cape, South Africa.
The plant has many synonyms including Glottiphyllum angustum.

Description

This species has upturned, fleshy leaves that are broadened at the base, and born in pairs. The two leaves in a leaf-pair are a very similar size, unlike many other species of Glottiphyllum. The leaf-pairs grow in a decussate arrangement (each leaf-pair at right angles to the previous one, rather than all in the same two distichous rows).

The stems spread horizontally along the ground and the plant eventually can form large mats.

The seed capsules have very high tops, and their stalks disintegrate quickly after the seeds have been released. This species most resembles its close relative, Glottiphyllum surrectum, which is found further to the west, in the western Little Karoo.

Distribution
The species is restricted to a small part of the central Little Karoo, near the town of Oudtshoorn in South Africa. Here, it co-occurs with its two relatives, Glottiphyllum linguiforme and the very widespread Glottiphyllum depressum.

It is under threat due to Ostrich farming removing its habitat. It is believed that only 250 plants remain on a small one hectare reserve in South Africa.

Cultivation
All Glottiphyllum plants can be grown in small pots in a lean soil with sand and clay and very good drainage. They require very sunny exposure, and need moderate watering in summer and not at all in winter.

References

cruciatum
Taxa named by Adrian Hardy Haworth

Glottiphyllum cruciatum


The Online Centres Network is a UK-based network which helps communities tackle social and digital exclusion.

Good Things Foundation coordinates the Online Centres Network of 5,000 community partners, who provide free or low-cost access to computers and the internet. The organisation also provide training and support to hundreds of volunteers, centre staff and community leaders, helping them to work within their own communities.

Over 2 million people have been helped to improve their skills through the Online Centres Network to date, with many learners also going on to further learning and increased employment opportunities.

In 2011 the management of the Online Centres Network (then known as UK online centres) was taken over by Good Things Foundation (formerly known as Tinder Foundation), a staff-owned mutual and social enterprise formed by the Sheffield-based team previously managing the UK online centres contract on behalf of Ufi Ltd. In July 2013, Online Centres Foundation became known as Tinder Foundation. Tinder Foundation officially received charity status in early 2016. In November 2016 Tinder Foundation rebranded as Good Things Foundation.

Good Things Foundation Chief Executive, Helen Milner, was inducted into the BIMA Digital Hall of Fame in 2012 alongside Sir Tim Berners Lee, Stephen Fry, and others noted for their work in the digital arena.

Online learning
In April 2011, Good Things Foundation (then known as Online Centres Foundation) launched a brand new learning platform Go ON, which was renamed Learn My Way in 2012 (http://www.learnmyway.com/). The website was developed by Good Things Foundation with the aim of bringing together all of the resources on the market for internet beginners, including those developed specifically by Good Things Foundation, and from other providers including the BBC and Digital Unite.

The new website contains four main sections:

Get ready, to tackle those basic literacy and numeracy skills before tackling any online skills.

Get started, which includes fun engagement resources to help get first time learners started.

Online basics, the course that was developed in conjunction with BIS and Becta to provide learners with all of the skills they need to get started with computers and the internet.

Learn more, which includes a number of popular courses including Facebook and socialising online, Shopping online and Using a computer.

What next, which contains resources to help learners progress, including details on volunteering opportunities.

myguide, the original learning platform which was developed by Online Centres Foundation ceased to exist in September 2011. The most popular courses that existed on myguide have been moved across to the new learning platform.

Get Online Week
Get Online Week is an annual national campaign run by Good Things Foundation throughout the Online Centres Network, which helps tens of thousands of people to improve their computer and internet skills each year.

Get Online Week has been going since 2007, when the organisation then known as UK online centres first marked out a date in October to bring digital inclusion to national attention. Since then the campaign has grown into a week-long annual celebration, with thousands of events taking place each year in centres and more unusual locations, bringing digital skills and know-how to everyone.

Past Get Online Week partners and sponsors have included, Lloyds Banking Group, the BBC, Go ON UK, Post Offices, BT, Three Mobile, Google, Sky, and Facebook.

Digital inclusion statistics
There are currently 12.6 million people who lack basic digital skills and 5.9 million who have never used the internet before. These people are likely to be socially excluded as well as lacking in online skills. Good Things Foundation and the Online Centres Network, along with their partners, are aiming to combat this digital and social exclusion.

External links
 Online Centres Network
 Good Things Foundation
 Learn my way
 Helen Milner's blog

References

Non-profit organisations based in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 2000
Virtual learning environments
Organisations based in Sheffield
Digital divide
Information technology charities based in the United Kingdom
Internet access

Online Centres Network


Xiao Zhangmao (蕭長懋) (458–493), courtesy name Yunqiao (雲喬), nickname Baize (白澤), formally Crown Prince Wenhui (文惠太子, literally "the civil and benevolent crown prince"), later further posthumously honored as Emperor Wen (文皇帝) with the temple name of Shizong (世宗), was a crown prince of the Chinese Southern Qi dynasty. He was Emperor Wu (Xiao Ze)'s oldest son but predeceased his father.  After his death, his son Xiao Zhaoye became crown prince and eventually succeeded Emperor Wu but was soon thereafter overthrown by Emperor Wu's cousin Xiao Luan, who usurped the throne.  By 498, all of Xiao Zhangmao's descendants had been exterminated.

Background
Xiao Zhangmao was born in 458, when his father Xiao Ze was just 18, and because he was the oldest grandson of his grandfather Xiao Daocheng, who was a Liu Song general at the time, he was much favored by his grandfather.  His mother was Xiao Ze's wife Pei Huizhao (裴惠昭).  In 477, after Xiao Daocheng had seized power after assassinating the violent Emperor Houfei of Liu Song and made Emperor Houfei's brother Liu Zhun emperor (as Emperor Shun), the general Shen Youzhi rose against him from Jing Province (荊州, modern central and western Hubei), and as Xiao Ze defended Penkou (湓口, in modern Jiujiang, Jiangxi) in preparation for a possible eventual attack by Shen, he made Xiao Zhangmao his assistant in reviewing the troops.  After Shen was defeated, Xiao Zhangmao initially returned to the capital Jiankang to serve under his grandfather, but subsequently was made the governor of Yong Province (雍州, modern southwestern Henan and northwestern Hubei).

As Prince of Nan Commandery
In 479, Xiao Daocheng seized the throne from Emperor Shun, ending Liu Song and starting Southern Qi, as its Emperor Gao.  Xiao Ze was created crown prince, and in an unprecedented action, Xiao Zhangmao was created the Prince of Nan Commandery (Prior to Xiao Zhangmao, there had not been any sons of living crown princes within the Southern Dynasties who were created imperial princes). In 480, he was recalled to Jiankang to serve as the defender of the key fortress Shitou. When his mother Crown Princess Pei died later that year, by suggestion of the prime minister Wang Jian, Prince Zhangmao was prevented from carrying out full mourning customs for his mother, due to the importance of his post, but his defense post was moved from Shitou to the important suburb of Xizhou (西州). In 482, he was made the governor of South Xu Province (南徐州, modern western central Jiangsu). After Emperor Gao died in 482, Xiao Ze succeeded him (as Emperor Wu), and Xiao Zhangmao was created crown prince. His wife Princess Wang Baoming was created crown princess, and their oldest son Xiao Zhaoye was created the Prince of Nan Commandery.

As crown prince
Xiao Zhangmao was close to his brother, Xiao Ziliang (蕭子良) the Prince of Jingling, and both were adherents of Buddhism.  Despite his Buddhist beliefs, however, Xiao Zhangmao was wasteful and luxurious in his living—using many items that were appropriate only for emperors, although he was also praised as kind and hospitable.  However, he was apprehensive of his impulsive but militarily-minded brother Xiao Zixiang (蕭子響) the Prince of Badong, and when Xiao Zixiang executed a number of his staff members in 490, drawing Xiao Ze's ire in sending troops against him, Xiao Zhangmao secretly instructed the general Xiao Shunzhi (蕭順之) (father of Emperor Wu of Liang, who founded a new dynasty) not to permit Xiao Zixiang to return to Jiankang alive, and later, even though Xiao Zixiang submitted to Xiao Shunzhi and requested to meet his father to confess his crimes, Xiao Shunzhi strangled Xiao Zixiang to death.

Xiao Zhangmao disliked Emperor Wu's cousin (Emperor Gao's nephew) Xiao Luan the Marquess of Xichang, and once told Xiao Ziliang:

I do not like him.  I do not know the reason, but all I can say is that he does not have sufficient blessings.

Xiao Ziliang, who was friendly with Xiao Luan, tried to defend Xiao Luan, but Xiao Zhangmao would not hear it.

Late in Emperor Wu's reign, he favored time on feasting and tours, and he often had Crown Prince Zhangmao rule on important matters, and therefore the crown prince's authority was well established in the empire.  However, he was also often ill, perhaps aggravated by his large build.  In spring 493, he died.  Emperor Wu soon created his son Xiao Zhaoye to succeed him as crown prince, and when Emperor Wu died later that year, Xiao Zhaoye became emperor, but was overthrown and killed by Xiao Luan in 494.  Xiao Luan initially made Xiao Zhangmao's another son Xiao Zhaowen emperor, but later that year deposed and killed him as well and took over as emperor directly (as Emperor Ming).  By 498, Emperor Ming had also killed Xiao Zhangmao's other two sons Xiao Zhaoxiu (蕭昭秀) the Prince of Baling and Xiao Zhaocan (蕭昭粲) the Prince of Guiyang, exterminating Xiao Zhangmao's line.  Traditional historians attribute Emperor Ming's killing of Xiao Zhangmao's sons as payback for Xiao Zhangmao's dislike of him, but as modern historian Bo Yang observed, Emperor Ming also killed the sons of Emperors Gao and Wu, both of whom treated him with kindness and respect.

Family
Consorts and Issue:
 Empress Wen'an, of the Wang clan of Langya (; 455–512), personal name Baoming ()
 Xiao Zhaoye, Prince Yulin (; 473–494), first son
 Lady, of the Xu clan ()
 Xiao Zhaowen, Prince Hailinggong (; 480–494), second son
 Lady, of the Chen clan ()
 Xiao Zhaoxiu, Prince Baling (; 483–498), third son
 Lady, of the Chu clan ()
 Xiao Zhaocan, Prince Guiyang (; 491–498), fourth son

Ancestry

References

 Book of Southern Qi, vol. 21.
 History of Southern Dynasties, vol. 44.
 Zizhi Tongjian'', vols. 135, 136, 137, 138.

Liu Song dynasty people
Southern Qi Buddhists
5th-century Buddhists
458 births
493 deaths
Chinese Buddhist monarchs
Heirs apparent who never acceded

Xiao Zhangmao


Alberto Romão Dias (1941 – 15 July 2007) was a full professor of the Chemical and Biological Engineering Department at the Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) of the Technical University of Lisbon in Portugal.

Education
His alma mater includes graduating from industrial-chemical engineering at the Instituto Superior Técnico in 1964, a Ph.D. in chemistry from Oxford University in 1970, and Aggregation at the Instituto Superior Técnico in 1979.

Research works
His research interests were in the area of inorganic chemistry, particularly chemistry of coordination compounds and the organometallic chemistry of transition metals. The latter work has been on mono and polynuclear complex containing the fragment M(η5-C5H5)2.

Other topics in which he was interested include the synthesis of complexes with ligands containing phosphorus, reactions of metal vapours with different substrates aiming at the synthesis of new compounds, and the preparation of species with catalytic polymerization of olefins using transition metal complexes.

Recent research in this group includes the synthesis of new organometallic compounds (some of them with nonlinear optical properties), their characterisation (including the X-ray determination of the molecular structure), the study of their reactivity and of their redox behaviour, the determination of the metal-ligand bond energies from data obtained by calorimetry and the study of chemical bond using molecular orbital theory.

Dias published the book Ligação Química (English: Chemical Bond) in October 2006. This text is used mainly as a study guide for "Chemistry I" students at the Instituto Superior Técnico.

Alberto Romão Dias died on July 15, 2007.

External links
VIII Governo Constitucional
Alberto Romão Dias at IST

1941 births
2007 deaths
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Instituto Superior Técnico alumni
20th-century Portuguese people
Portuguese chemists
Portuguese chemical engineers

Alberto Romão Dias


The Yarmouth Camp Ground Historic District is a historic district encompassing a religious summer camp meeting ground in Yarmouth and Barnstable, Massachusetts.  The core of the camp ground was purchased in 1863 by the Sandwich District Camp Meeting Association, a Methodist Episcopal organization, and was operated until 1939.  The area contains a well-preserved collection of predominantly residential buildings built during this period; it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Description and history

The Yarmouth Camp Ground is located in western Yarmouth and eastern Barnstable.  It is located south of the mid-Cape Highway (Massachusetts Route 6), and is roughly bounded by County Ave., Willow St., Wood Rd., and Camp Ground Pond.  Although Methodist Episcopalians had been holding camp meetings on Cape Cod since 1819, an earlier site in Eastham was logistically difficult to reach.  This site was chosen in 1862, in part due to its proximity to the Yarmouth Depot, a train station just  away.  The property was at first developed in a somewhat haphazard, evolutionary way, focused on the main tabernacle, in contrast to other, more formally-planned camp meeting sites such as Wesleyan Grove.  Over a 25-year period a network of paths and roadways grew, with tents used by early visitors eventually replaced by small Gothic cottages.  The site was used for religious summer camps until 1939; in 1946 it was acquired by the Yarmouth Camp Ground Association, a secular organization established to own the area's common land and preserve the character of its buildings.

The architecture of the camp ground is typical of other camp meeting sites, predominantly Gothic Revival in character.  Typical cottages are 1-1/2 story wood frame buildings with gable roof, having a kitchen and living room below and small bedrooms above.  A number of the early cottages have essentially identical dimensions to their core structure, an indication of common plans and construction methods.  Many have been altered to some extent, some to the point where the original structure is hard to discern from the numerous additions built around it.  Exterior decorative elements include vertical board siding, although unfinished wooden-shingled walls typical of the region are also quite common. Vergeboard "gingerbread" trim in the eaves and gable ends is also fairly common.

There are three notable departures from the cottages in the camp ground.  A larger year-round caretaker's house lacking Gothic styling stands at 1 Grove Avenue, and a building used as a retail store stands at 63 Grace Avenue.  Johnson Hall, at 69 Center Avenue, then as now houses the organization that oversees the area.  The camp ground's tabernacle building, built in 1890, was severely damaged by hurricanes in 1938 and 1944, and was torn down in 1945.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Barnstable County, Massachusetts

References

External links
Yarmouth Campground(sic) Association

Historic districts in Barnstable County, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable County, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Barnstable, Massachusetts
Barnstable, Massachusetts
Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Methodism in Massachusetts
Campgrounds in Massachusetts

Yarmouth Camp Ground Historic District


The South African Police Cross for Bravery was a high-ranking decoration, that existed between 1963 and 2004.  It initially had only one class, but it was expanded to three classes in 1988.

First type
Instituted on 20 May 1963, retrospective to 31 May 1961, the decoration was awarded to all ranks of the South African Police, for conspicuous and exceptional bravery in the execution of duties, or in protecting or saving life or property.  Recipients were entitled to the post-nominal letters PCF, standing for , the Latin form of the name.

The PCF is a gold cross, each arm built up in five stepped layers.  In the centre is a narrow cross on a gyronny background inside a blue circlet inscribed  (Courage lives on after death) within a green laurel wreath.  The reverse depicts the national coat of arms and the words "" and "For Bravery".  The ribbon is blue with a white-gold-white centre panel, and is worn around the neck.

Second type

In 1989, the PCF was divided into three classes, corresponding to the military Honoris Crux, Honoris Crux Silver, and Honoris Crux Gold:

 SAP Cross for Bravery Gold (PCFG):  for outstanding bravery while in extreme danger,
 SAP Cross for Bravery Silver (PCFS): for exceptional bravery while in great danger,
 SAP Cross for Bravery (PCF): for bravery while in danger.

The decoration was reduced in size to be worn on the chest, and additional white stripes were used to distinguish the ribbons of the new second and third classes.

The decoration was superseded by the SA Police Service Gold Cross for Bravery and SA Police Service Silver Cross for Bravery on 4 May 2004.

Notes

References

See also

 South African civil honours
 South African police decorations

External links

 South African Medals Website

Law enforcement in South Africa
Police decorations and medals of South Africa
1963 establishments in South Africa
Awards established in 1963

South African Police Cross for Bravery


Sewickley is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania,  west northwest of Pittsburgh along the Ohio River. It is a residential suburb of Pittsburgh. The population was 3,827 at the 2010 census.

References

Boroughs in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania

Sewickley, Pennsylvania


Thrillville is a PlayStation 2, Xbox and PlayStation Portable video game. It was made by LucasArts and Frontier Developments. Players make their own theme park. They make roller coasters, game stalls, rides, race tracks and food and drink shops.

Story

Uncle Mortimer, a strange scientist, puts the player in charge of Thrillville. It is a large theme park with roller coasters, games, rides, and racetracks. The player then picks a character. The character can be moved through each theme park. He must try to finish missions in the theme park before he can move on to the next one.

Garrison, another theme park owner, has his own theme park called Globo-joy. Globo-joy competes against Thrillville. The player must do difficult tasks to make Thrillville the best theme park.

Minigames

Thrillville has many minigames that can be played in the theme park, or with up to four other players.

 Entertainer: Players must hit the right button at the right time to make the cheerleaders dance to the music
 RC wars: Players must drive remote-control cars into each other, to try to make the other car explode.
 Event Horizon: Players can pick between four space ships. Each ship has a different weapon. The goal is to destroy the other ships.
 Robot Invasion, Hauntings, Pirate Raiders, and Wild Frontier: Players move around in a battle arena. They can shoot either the other players or robot enemies.
 Star Sniper, Ghoul Gunner, Blackbeard's Booty, and Prospect Stakeout: Players shoot targets that pop out of certain areas.
 Dune Buggy, Anti-Grav Racer, Go-karts, Monster Truck, and Formula Thrills: Players race to the finish on a race track.
 Trojan Quest: Players can pick between four heroes. Playes must kill skeletons and evil monsters.
 Luftwaffe 109: Players can pick between four airplanes. They must shoot down enemy airplanes.
 Trampolines: Players bounce on a trampoline, doing tricks in the air.
 Saucer Sumo: Players control a flying saucer and try to bump the other players off the edge of the ring.
 Saucer Soccer: Players control a flying car and try to get the soccer ball and shoot it into the goal.
 Minigolf: Players play a game of miniature golf.
 Sparkle Island: Players play as a cat-like hero and shoot blobs.
 Mechanic: Players arrange tubes to fit on a board. They have to connect one part of the board to another.
 Groundskeeper: Players suck up the trash and wash the vomit that has collected in the theme parks.

Thrillville: Off the Rails
Thrillville: Off the Rails was the second game of the series. It came out in 2007 for the PlayStation 2, Wii, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS, PlayStation Portable and Microsoft Windows. "Off the Rails" allows roller coasters to crash. It also added more minigames, characters with conversation skills amd more options. Off the Rails also added many songs including  "Parklife" by Blur and "Smile (Lily Allen song)" by Lily Allen.

Simulator video games
2006 video games
Video game series

Thrillville