Carl Lynwood Sargent (11 December 1952 – 12 September 2018) was a British parapsychologist and author of several roleplaying game-based products and novels, who used the pen name Keith Martin to write Fighting Fantasy gamebooks.

Early life and education
Sargent was schooled in South Wales and the West of England. He then attended Churchill College, Cambridge, majoring in the natural sciences, and graduated with honours in psychology in 1974. He received a PhD in 1979 for a work which bore on parapsychology, and went on to undertake post-doctoral research in parapsychology at the Psychological Laboratory of the University of Cambridge. Sargent was the first parapsychologist to obtain a Cambridge doctorate. He taught psychology at the same university. Many of his experiments were made using students from the science and geography departments opposite the Psychology department on the Downing Site, paying £2-3 per experiment; the main task would be to guess the colour or value of the next card to be chosen.

Parapsychology
Sargent held a PhD in psychology (or experimental parapsychology), which he earned in 1979. He performed numerous ganzfeld experiments, designed to draw out psi abilities, at the University of Cambridge. His published works in this field include Explaining the Unexplained: Mysteries of the Paranormal, co-authored with Hans Eysenck. The book received a positive review in the New Scientist by John Beloff who described it as "an introduction to parapsychology that one can put into the hands of an inquiring student without embarrassment."

In their book Sargent and Eysenck argued that the experiments of William Crookes with the medium Daniel Dunglas Home were evidence for  supernatural powers. Sargent wrote a negative review of Ruth Brandon's The Spiritualists, a book which claimed Home and other spiritualist mediums were fraudulent. R. W. Morrell commenting in the New Scientist on the review wrote "Carl Sargent would have us believe that D. D. Home was not caught out as a fraud. Sadly for Dr Sargent, though, he was", Morrell concluded that Sargent had displayed a personal gullibility.

Criticism
Sargent's ganzfeld experiments have been criticized for being open to error and fraud. Susan Blackmore, who visited Sargent's laboratory in Cambridge, detected several errors and failures to follow the protocol during an experiment. Sargent would later leave the field of parapsychology altogether.
Writing for Skeptical Inquirer Blackmore states that Sargent "deliberately violated his own protocols and in one trial had almost certainly cheated." Psychologists reading Daryl Bem's review in Psychological Bulletin would "not have a clue that serious doubt had been cast on more than a quarter of the studies involved" Sargent and Chuck Honortons. When Blackmore confronted Sargent, he told her "it wouldn't matter if some experiments were unreliable because, after all, we know that psi exists".

Parapsychology publications

Fantasy games
Sargent started playing Dungeons & Dragons in 1978 through friends. TSR UK were based in Cambridge, and they met with Sargent after he had submitted an article to Imagine magazine. The TSR UK crew later left to work for Games Workshop.

Sargent authored various Fighting Fantasy gamebooks and novels for Games Workshop from 1988-1995, some under the pseudonym Keith Martin. Games Workshop moved its last remaining role-playing game line, Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay, to its new subsidiary Flame Publications in 1989, and Sargent was one of the freelancers that aided this new company. Sargent still did work for TSR, and his From the Ashes (1992) moved the setting of the Greyhawk world into a period of heavier conflict.

He later worked as a freelance designer, and was brought in by TSR to work on Greyhawk. Most of his role-playing works were published between 1987 and 1996. He has authored many products for the Dungeons & Dragons (particularly for the World of Greyhawk setting), Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay and Shadowrun roleplaying games.

Role-playing publications as Carl Sargent

Sargent, Carl (1991). London Sourcebook. Shadowrun. ISBN 1-55560-131-6

 (credited to Ian Livingstone)

Role-playing publications as Keith Martin

References

Further reading
Blackmore, Susan. (1987). "A Report of a Visit to Carl Sargent's Laboratory". Journal of the Society for Psychical Research 54: 186-198.

Schaffer, Simon. (1982). "Explaining the Unexplained: Mysteries of the Paranormal by Hans Eysenck and Carl Sargent". London Review of Books 4: 12.

External links

1952 births
2018 deaths
British parapsychologists
Dungeons & Dragons game designers
People from Caerleon
Psychonautics researchers
Warhammer Fantasy Roleplay game designers

Carl Sargent


The Washington Homeschool Organization (WHO) is a homeschool group located in the state of Washington, USA. WHO is a non-profit organization with a bimonthly newsletter detailing local homeschooling news. Its mission is to serve the diverse interests of home-based education in Washington State. WHO is nonpartisan, nonsectarian, and nondiscriminating in its views of homeschooling and participation in its activities. WHO hosts an annual homeschool convention at the Washington State Fairgrounds in Puyallup, Washington, featuring the largest curriculum exhibit in the Pacific Northwest. WHO also hosts an annual high school graduation ceremony for homeschoolers.

External links
Washington Homeschool Organization

Alternative education organizations
Homeschooling in the United States

Washington Homeschool Organization


Giorgio Santi (1746–1822) was an Italian naturalist, chemist, botanist, traveler, zoologist and geologist.

Santi was a professor of Natural Sciences in Pisa from 1782 to 1822, a director of the Museum of Natural History and the Prefect of the botanical garden of Pisa from 1782 to 1814. He was born in Pienza in 1746 and graduated in Medicine and Surgery at the University of Siena. He practiced at the Hospital of Santa Maria Nuova and won a scholarship to Siena Biringucci apprenticeship, and because of that he moved to France in 1773, studying at Montpellier and Paris, where he met Buffon, Lavoisier and other famous scientists. In 1782 he returned to Florence, where the Grand Duke Peter Leopold gave him the post of professor in Pisa with the creation of a new chair of Natural Sciences and Chemistry. His residence was in the Botanical Garden in Pisa, but he lived with his wife Anna Simonelli (married in 1790) in Pienza until he died on December 30, 1822. He dedicated himself to the study of natural features of land, in particular the territory today corresponding to the provinces of Siena and Grosseto, and compiling interesting travel reports. He published on several occasions between 1795 and 1806 (three volumes). He was a founding father of Geology as an autonomous science and strove for the spread and adoption of new chemical theories in academia. It was in close relationship with Spallanzani, Giovanni Fabbroni, Gaetano Savi, and many other scientists and academics of the time.

References

1746 births
1822 deaths
19th-century Italian botanists
18th-century Italian physicians
18th-century Italian botanists

Giorgio Santi


Area code 772 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the Treasure Coast of the U.S. state of Florida. The numbering plan area (NPA) includes Sebastian, Fellsmere, Vero Beach, Fort Pierce, Port St. Lucie, Jensen Beach, Stuart, Hobe Sound, Indiantown, and other areas in east central Florida. The area code was created in 2002 in a split from area code 561, when the telephone number pool exhausted due in part to the increase of cell phone users.

The Treasure Coast was served by four different area codes in about a 15-year span. For 41 years the area was part of area code 305, until it became part of area code 407 in 1988. After belonging to NPA 561 since 1996, it finally split off with area code 772 in 2002.  Today, despite the Treasure Coast's rapid growth, 772 is nowhere near exhaustion; NANP projections estimate that the region will not need another area code until at least 2049.

In pop-culture, this area code is referenced in YNW Melly's 772 Love.

See also
List of Florida area codes

External links

772
772
2002 establishments in Florida
Treasure Coast

Area code 772


Otto Jonas Lindblad (31 March 1809 – 26 January 1864), was a Swedish composer. He is most famous for the musical score of Kungssången, the Swedish royal anthem.

Otto Lindblad was the son of a clergyman. He was born in Karlstorp and attended gymnasium in Växjö. In 1829 he began academic studies at the University of Lund. In Lund, he formed a group with A. E. Christernin and J. Meurling, together with whom he played and sang a type of three part music pieces. The group became known as the "musical trefoil band". In 1836 he ended his studies and fully devoted his time to music. Two years later he formed the Lund Student Singers Association. On 5 December 1844 he presented the Royal Anthem for the first time, at a celebration for King Oscar I.

In 1846 Lindblad undertook a national tour with the noted Lund Quartet. The tour's revenue was to have been used for student housing in Lund, but the profit was too small and they only managed to bring home 1500 Riksdaler. In the spring of 1847 he took up the position of parish clerk and organist in Mellby. He married Emma Andersson in 1855. Their only child, a daughter, died as an infant. Otto Lindblad died in North Mellby parish at the age of 55 years, following a long period of illness.

Compositions
 "Trollhättan"
 "Längtan till landet" (better known as "Vintern rasat ut...")
 "Liten fågel"
 "Minnets temple"
 "Sångfåglarne"
 "Till konung Oscar I"
 "Ur Shakespeares Henrik III"
 "Ångbåtssång"
 "Kungssången" - The Royal Anthem

References

1809 births
1864 deaths
19th-century classical composers
19th-century male musicians
People from Växjö
Romantic composers
Swedish classical composers
Swedish male classical composers

Otto Lindblad


The spotted-thighed tree frog (Ranoidea cyclorhynchus) is a species of tree frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae, found in Western Australia.

Description
The frog is similar in appearance to its cogener, Ranoidea moorei, bearing dark green or brownish patches with bronze or gold highlights on its back; this species can be differentiated by the numerous yellowish spots on the underside of the rear legs. Males may be up to 65 mm, females to 85 mm.  The name Copland's rock frog is sometimes mistakenly applied to this species (it is actually Litoria coplandi).  The feet are unwebbed and have a prominent disc at the toes.

Distribution and habitat
It is endemic to Southwest Australia, as one of only four in that diverse genus to be found in the region. It occurs on the southern coastal areas, favouring permanent water and granite outcrops, but can be found at its northernmost extent in agricultural dams. Recorded sightings are also at Middle Island in the Archipelago of the Recherche, and Coragina Rock.
Its natural habitats are rivers, swamps, freshwater lakes, and freshwater marshes.
It is threatened by habitat loss, although it is considered to be of least concern with regard to extinction.

There are concerns that the spotted-thighed tree frog has recently become established on the Eyre Peninsula of South Australia, and that it might spread further eastward into the Murray-Darling Basin and interbreed with or displace threatened species there.

References

Ranoidea (genus)
Amphibians of Western Australia
Amphibians described in 1882
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Frogs of Australia

Spotted-thighed tree frog


Tricyrtis is a genus of Asian flowering plants in the lily family, with approximately 20 known species. The species are commonly known in English as toad lilies. The genus has a native range from the Himalayas to eastern Asia, including China, Japan, Philippines and Taiwan, and a few species are cultivated for their ornamental qualities in other parts of the world.

Description
Tricyrtis are herbaceous perennials with creeping rhizomes. The stems are typically erect or maybe ascending, and sometimes branched from the middle to the top. The subsessile leaves are arranged alternately along the stems. The inflorescences are most commonly thyrse or thyrsoid, or rarely the flowers are arranged into a raceme. The showy, solitary flowers are bisexual. Perianth campanulate or trumpet-shaped with six free tepals arranged into two whorls: the outer whorl has nectar secreting pouches, while the inner whorl has upright tepals with dorsal crests. The tepals are white or yellow with purplish spots, usually recurved or reflexed. The six stamens are inserted at base of the tepals, and the filaments are slightly flattened, forming a short tube. The anthers are dorsifixed. The three-loculed ovary have many ovules per locule.  The styles are arranged into a column. The three-angled fruits are broadly cylindrical capsules and when ripe release many small, flat, ovate to orbicular shaped seeds.

Taxonomy
The genus is subdivided into four sections, with about 20 species. Accepted species include:

Cultivation

Tricyrtis species are perennial herbaceous plants that grow at the edge of forests.  They prefer shade or part shade and rich, moist soil.  Toad lilies bloom in summer to fall. They are hardy enough to handle sudden changes of winter from mild to blustery cold.

See also

 List of plants known as lily

References

Bibliography

 Diversity of Life: Tricyrtis - retrieved 6 June 2006

External links

Liliaceae genera

Tricyrtis


Charles Peter Kennedy (25 November 1959 – 1 June 2015) was a British politician who served as Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 1999 to 2006, and was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Ross, Skye and Lochaber from 1983 to 2015.

Kennedy was elected to the House of Commons in 1983, and after the Alliance parties merged, became president of the Liberal Democrats and, following the resignation of Paddy Ashdown, leader of the Liberal Democrats. He led the party in the 2001 and 2005 general elections, increasing its number of seats in the House of Commons to their highest level since 1923, and led his party's opposition to the Iraq War. A charismatic and affable speaker in public, he appeared extensively on television during his leadership.

During the latter stages of Kennedy's leadership, there was concern about both his leadership and his health. From December 2005, some within the party were openly questioning his position and calling for a leadership election. On 5 January 2006, he was informed that ITN would be reporting that he had received treatment for alcoholism; he pre-empted the broadcast by admitting that he had had treatment, and resigned as leader the following day after receiving no support within the parliamentary party. After Menzies Campbell succeeded him as leader, Kennedy remained in office as a backbench MP, where he voted against the formation of the Cameron–Clegg coalition. He died less than a month after being unseated from the House of Commons in 2015.

Early life

Kennedy was born on 25 November 1959 in the Scottish Highlands town of Inverness, the son of Mary and Ian Kennedy, and grew up in a remote crofter's cottage in the Highlands. He had a Roman Catholic upbringing, and was educated at Lochaber High School in Fort William. He went on to study for a Master of Arts degree in Politics and Philosophy at the University of Glasgow. Kennedy first became politically active at university, where he joined the SDP as well as the Dialectic Society. Between 1980 and 1981, Kennedy was President of the Glasgow University Union. He won the Observer Mace debating competition in 1982, speaking with Clark McGinn.

Upon graduation in 1982, Kennedy went to work for BBC Scotland as a journalist. He later received a Fulbright Fellowship which allowed him to carry out research at Indiana University in the United States.

Early political career
At the age of 15 he joined the Labour Party, followed in 1981 by the newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP). Two years later, Kennedy received the SDP nomination to stand for the Scottish seat of Ross, Cromarty and Skye—then held by the Conservative Hamish Gray—at the 1983 general election. Kennedy won the seat with 13,528 votes (38.5%) and a majority of 1,704, unseating the incumbent Gray. He was, at the age of 23, the youngest sitting Member of Parliament at the time he was elected to the House of Commons. He served on the Social Services select committee from 1985 to 1987, retained his seat at the 1987 general election, and served on the Televising of Proceedings of the House select committee from 1987 to 1989.

He was the first of the five SDP MPs to support its merger with the Liberal Party (with which the SDP was co-operating in the SDP–Liberal Alliance) because of pressure from Liberal activists in his constituency. The parties merged in 1988, forming the Social and Liberal Democratic Party, later renamed the Liberal Democrats; Kennedy was a proponent of the merge.

Kennedy moved into frontbench politics in 1989, becoming the party's spokesperson for health. After retaining his seat in the 1992 general election he served as the spokesperson for foreign and Commonwealth affairs during the 1992–97 parliament. He retained his seat in the 1997 general election and served on the Standards and Privileges select committee from 1997 to 1999.

He was president of the Liberal Democrats from 1990 to 1994, and Liberal Democrat spokesperson for the office of the Leader of the House of Commons from 1997 to 1999.

Leader of the Liberal Democrats
Kennedy was elected leader of the Liberal Democrats on 9 August 1999, following the retirement of Paddy Ashdown. He won 57% of the transferred vote under the alternative vote system, beating the runner-up Simon Hughes (43% of the transferred vote), Malcolm Bruce, Jackie Ballard and David Rendel. In October of the same year he was sworn in as a Member of the Privy Council.

Kennedy's style of leadership was regarded as "conversational and companionable". He was labelled "Chatshow Charlie" by some observers as a result of his appearances on the satirical panel game Have I Got News for You.

In Kennedy's first campaign as leader, the 2001 general election, the Liberal Democrats won 52 seats with an 18.3% share of the vote; this was a 1.5% improvement in vote share (and an improvement of six seats) over the 1997 election, but smaller than the 25.4% vote share the SDP/Liberal Alliance had achieved in 1983, which won it 23 seats. Kennedy led his party's opposition to the Iraq War, with all Liberal Democrats voting against or abstaining in the vote for the invasion of Iraq—the largest British party to do so.

Health concerns
In July 2002, Jeremy Paxman publicly apologised after asking Kennedy about his drinking in a television interview. Reports emerged of Kennedy's ill-health in 2003 at the time of crucial debates on the Iraq War and following the 2004 Budget along with linked rumours of a drinking problem which were strenuously denied at the time by both Kennedy and his party. The Times published an apology over a report it had made stating Kennedy had not taken part in that year's Budget debate because of excessive drinking.

In April 2005, the launch of his party's manifesto for the 2005 general election was delayed because of the birth of his first child, with Menzies Campbell taking temporary charge as acting leader and covering Kennedy's campaign duties. At the manifesto launch, on his first day back on the campaign trail after the birth, Kennedy struggled to remember the details of a key policy (replacing the Council Tax with a local income tax) at an early morning press conference, which he later blamed on a lack of sleep due to his new child.

2005 general election
In his last general election as leader, in May 2005, he extended his strategy from the 2001 election of targeting the seats held by the most senior and/or highly regarded Conservative MPs, dubbed a "decapitation" strategy. The Liberal Democrats also hoped to capture marginal Labour seats, attracting (particularly Muslim) Labour voters who were dissatisfied because of the invasion of Iraq, which Kennedy's party had opposed.

Just before the election, it had been anticipated by the media and opinion polls that the Liberal Democrats could win up to 100 seats and place themselves close to the Conservatives in terms of seats as well as votes. They won 62 seats and 22.1% of the vote, their greatest number of seats since their Liberal Party predecessor won 158 seats in 1923.

The Liberal Democrats made a net loss of five seats to the Conservatives, only managing to win three seats from them. While they were able to unseat Shadow Education Secretary Tim Collins, they failed to unseat leading Conservatives such as the Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer Oliver Letwin, Shadow Home Secretary David Davis, Shadow Secretary of State for the Family (later Prime Minister of the United Kingdom) Theresa May and the Leader of the Opposition Michael Howard. The "decapitation" strategy was widely seen to have failed. They won twelve seats from Labour, but lost Leicester South. They succeeded in regaining the seat of Ceredigion, their first gain from the Welsh party Plaid Cymru.

Kennedy heralded the Liberal Democrats, who now had a total of 62 seats, as the "national party of the future", but in the wake of the general election, Kennedy's leadership came under increased criticism from those who felt that the Liberal Democrats could have surged forward, with the official opposition Conservative Party having been relatively weak. Many pointed the finger of blame at Kennedy for failing to widen the party's appeal. Others, like the former Deputy Chairman of the Federal Liberal Democrat Party, Donnachadh McCarthy, resigned, citing the party's shift to the right of the political spectrum under Kennedy in pursuit of Conservative votes.

Leadership concerns
Following the election of David Cameron as Leader of the Conservative Party in December 2005, it was widely reported that senior members of the Liberal Democrats had told Kennedy that he must either "raise his game" or resign. Speculation surrounding the leadership of the Liberal Democrats was widespread in late 2005, with the journalist Andrew Neil claiming to speak "on good authority" that Kennedy would announce his resignation at the 2006 spring conference of the Liberal Democrats. Kennedy's spokeswoman denied the report and complained against the BBC, which had broadcast it.

A "Kennedy Must Go" petition was started by The Liberal magazine (a publication with no affiliation to the Liberal Democrats); this allegedly had been signed by over 3,300 party members including 386 local councillors and two MPs by the end of 2005. A round-robin letter signed by Liberal Democrat MPs rejecting his leadership received 23 signatures.

Resignation

On 6 January 2006, Kennedy was informed that ITN would be reporting that he had received treatment for a drinking problem. He decided to pre-empt the broadcast, called a sudden news conference, and made a personal statement that over the past eighteen months he had been coming to terms with a drinking problem, but had sought professional help. He told reporters that recent questions among his colleagues about his suitability as leader were partly as a result of the drinking problem but stated that he had been dry for the past two months and would be calling a leadership contest, in which he would stand, to resolve the issues surrounding his authority once and for all. It was later claimed that the source for ITN's story was his former press secretary turned ITV News correspondent, Daisy McAndrew.

The admission of a drinking problem seriously damaged his standing, and 25 MPs signed a statement urging him to resign immediately. It was later claimed in a biography of Kennedy by the journalist Greg Hurst that senior Liberal Democrats had known about Kennedy's drinking problem when he was elected as leader in 1999, and had subsequently kept it hidden from the public.

On 7 January 2006, Kennedy called another press conference, at which he announced that while he was buoyed by the supportive messages he had received from grass root members, he felt that he could not continue as leader because of the lack of confidence from the parliamentary party. He said he would not be a candidate in the leadership election and was standing down as leader "with immediate effect", with Menzies Campbell to act as interim leader until a new leader was elected. He also confirmed in his resignation statement that he did not expect to remain on the Liberal Democrat frontbench team. He pledged his loyalty to a new leader as a backbencher, and said he wished to remain active in the party and in politics. Campbell went on to win the resulting leadership election, and Kennedy subsequently gave his successor full public support. His leadership had lasted slightly less than six years and five months.

Later political career

Backbencher

After resigning as party leader, Kennedy remained in office as a backbench MP. His first major political activity was to campaign in the Dunfermline and West Fife by-election, which the Liberal Democrats went on to win, taking the seat from Labour.

On 22 June 2006, Kennedy made his first appearance in the national media after stepping down as party leader when he appeared on the BBC's Question Time. One of the questions on the show was about his possible return as leader, which he declined to rule out.

On 4 August 2006, he hosted a documentary on Channel 4 about what he saw as the increasing disenchantment felt by voters towards the main parties in British politics because of their hesitation to discuss the big issues, especially at election time, and the ruthless targeting of swing-voters in key constituencies at the expense of the majority. He also contributed an article covering the same issues to The Guardians Comment Is Free section.

After Campbell resigned as Liberal Democrat leader on 15 October 2007, Kennedy said that it was "highly unlikely" that he would try to return as party leader, but he did not rule it out completely.

Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition (2010–2015)
At the 2010 general election, Kennedy was re-elected to parliament with a majority of 13,070.

Kennedy voted against the Conservative–Liberal Democrat coalition in May 2010, explaining in an article for The Observer that he "did not subscribe to the view that remaining in opposition ourselves, while extending responsible 'Confidence and supply' requirements to a minority Conservative administration, was tantamount to a 'do nothing' response". Finally, Kennedy warned of the risks of "a subsequent assimilation within the Conservative fold", adding: "David Cameron has been here often before: from the early days of his leadership he was happy to describe himself as a 'liberal Conservative'. And we know he dislikes the term Tory. These ongoing efforts at appropriation are going to have to be watched".

The media reported on 21 August 2010 that Kennedy was about to defect from the Liberal Democrats to Labour in protest against his party's role in the coalition government's public spending cuts, but the Liberal Democrats were swift to deny these reports.

Kennedy played a role in the cross-party Better Together campaign, which was the pro-union campaign for the 2014 Scottish independence referendum. In March 2014, The Sunday Post reported that Kennedy had criticised Labour's strategy in the referendum campaign and said that Better Together needed to consider its legacy.

Kennedy lost his seat at the 2015 general election to Ian Blackford of the Scottish National Party, amid a nationwide loss of 49 seats by the Liberal Democrats.

Rector of University of Glasgow
In February 2008, Kennedy was elected Rector of the University of Glasgow and was officially installed, succeeding Mordechai Vanunu, on 10 April 2008. He won the election with a 46% share of the vote, supported by not only his own Glasgow University Union but also the Queen Margaret Union and Glasgow University Sports Association. He was re-elected in February 2011, defeating one other candidate, the writer A. L. Kennedy, by a clear margin. He served six years as rector until Edward Snowden was elected in February 2014.

Death
Kennedy died on the evening of 1 June 2015 at his home in Fort William at the age of 55. His death was announced in the early hours of the following day. The police described his death as "sudden and non-suspicious". Following a post-mortem his family announced that Kennedy had died of a major haemorrhage linked to his alcoholism.

A funeral mass was held on 12 June at his parish church, St John's Roman Catholic Church, in Caol near Fort William, and his body was buried at his family's cemetery at Clunes. A service of thanksgiving was held at the University of Glasgow on 18 June and it was announced that the university would be fundraising to name a teaching area in memory of him. A memorial service was held in St George's Cathedral, Southwark, London, on 3 November.

Personal life
In July 2002, Kennedy married Sarah Gurling, the sister of his friend James Gurling. They had a son, Donald, who was born in 2005. On 9 August 2010, it was announced that Kennedy and his wife were to separate, and their divorce was granted on 9 December 2010.

Kennedy's father Ian, to whom he was close, died in April 2015, just two months before his son's death. He had been a brewery worker but a lifelong teetotaller. Kennedy had chosen a recording of his father's fiddle playing when he appeared on Desert Island Discs.

Electoral history

Bibliography

Works
The Future of Politics (2000)  (hardcover)  (paperback)

Biography
 Hurst, Greg. Charles Kennedy: A Tragic Flaw. Politico's Publishing Ltd (18 September 2006)

See also
 List of deaths through alcohol

References

External links

Rt Hon Charles Kennedy MP official constituency website

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1959 births
2015 deaths
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Leaders of the Liberal Democrats (UK)
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Highland constituencies
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
People educated at Lochaber High School
People from Inverness
Presidents of the Liberal Democrats (UK)
Rectors of the University of Glasgow
Scottish journalists
British anti–Iraq War activists
Scottish Liberal Democrat MPs
Scottish Roman Catholics
Social Democratic Party (UK) MPs for Scottish constituencies
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
UK MPs 2010–2015
Alcohol-related deaths in Scotland
Deaths from bleeding
Fulbright alumni

Charles Kennedy


Zhemchug Canyon (from the Russian , "pearl") is an underwater canyon located in the middle of the Bering Sea. It is the deepest submarine canyon in the world, and is also tied for the widest.

Geography
It has a vertical relief of  dropping from the shallow shelf of the Bering Sea to the depths of the Aleutian Basin.  Zhemchug Canyon is deeper than the Grand Canyon which is  deep.   It has two main branches, each larger than typical continental margin canyons such as the Monterey Canyon. What makes the Zhemchug Canyon the  world's largest is not only its great depth, but its immense cross-sectional and drainage area (11,350 km2) and volume (5800 km3).

In 2016, Michelle Ridgeway explored the canyon piloting an eight-foot submarine in an expedition sponsored by Greenpeace. She reached a shelf at a depth of , that is, a third of a mile below the surface.

Marine wildlife
Zhemchug Canyon is important habitat for many species of ocean wildlife.  The endangered short-tailed albatross congregates to feed over the surface waters of the canyon. Marine mammals such as northern fur seals feed in the canyon as do dolphins and many species of whales. Habitat-forming invertebrates such as bubblegum coral, bamboo coral, soft corals, Hexactinellid sponges, and other sponges have been identified during trawl surveys in the canyon. It is where the opilio (snow) crab and bairdi crab can be found.

See also

References

Submarine canyons of the Bering Sea

Zhemchug Canyon


Eudokia Komnene (; 14 January 1094 – ) was the third daughter of the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos (). Her brother was John II Komnenos.

Life
Eudokia Komnene was born on 14 January 1094, as the third daughter and sixth child of the Byzantine emperor Alexios I Komnenos and empress Irene Doukaina. As her parents were ruling since 1081, she was attributed the title of a porphyrogennete princess.

In 1109 or shortly after she married the son of the kouropalates Constantine Iasites, who may have been named Michael. The marriage was dissolved soon after, however, by Empress Irene, as Iasites did not respect his wife nor the Empress herself, and behaved towards them in a manner inappropriate to their birth and station. As a result, according to Zonaras, when Eudokia fell ill, her mother had her confined to a convent, and expelled Iasites from the palace. From her marriage, she had at least two children, whose names are unknown.

This happened before 1116, when Empress Irene dedicated the first part of the typikon of the Kecharitomene Monastery, and confided it and the monastery to Eudokia's stewardship. Eudokia assisted her father at his deathbed in August 1118. She herself died sometime before 1130/31, according to the historian Konstantinos Varzos probably around 1129.

References

Sources

1094 births
1120s deaths
12th-century Byzantine people
Eudokia
Daughters of Byzantine emperors
Eudokia
Year of death uncertain
Porphyrogennetoi

Eudokia Komnene (daughter of Alexios I)


Pot metal (or monkey metal) is an alloy of low-melting point metals that manufacturers use to make fast, inexpensive castings. The term "pot metal" came about due to the practice at automobile factories in the early 20th century of gathering up non-ferrous metal scraps from the manufacturing processes and melting them in one pot to form into cast products. Small amounts of iron often made it into the castings but never in significant quantity because too much iron would raise the melting point too high for simple casting operations.

In stained glass, "pot metal" or pot metal glass refers to glass coloured with metal oxides while it is molten (in a pot), as opposed to other methods of colouring glass in sheet form.

Metallurgy
There is no metallurgical standard for pot metal. Common metals in pot metal include zinc, lead, copper, tin, magnesium, aluminum, iron, and cadmium. The primary advantage of pot metal is that it is quick and easy to cast. Because of its low melting temperature, it requires no sophisticated foundry equipment or specialized molds. Manufacturers sometimes use it to experiment with molds and ideas (e.g., prototypes) before casting final products in a higher quality alloy.

Depending on the exact metals "thrown into the pot," pot metal can become unstable over time, as it has a tendency to bend, distort, crack, shatter, and pit with age. The low boiling point of zinc and fast cooling of newly cast parts often trap air bubbles within the cast part, weakening it. Many components common in pot metal are susceptible to corrosion from airborne acids and other contaminants, and internal corrosion of the metal often causes decorative plating to flake off. Pot metal is not easily glued, soldered, or welded.

In the late nineteenth century, pot metal referred specifically to a copper alloy that was primarily alloyed with lead. Mixtures of 67% copper with 29% lead and 4% antimony and another one of 80% copper with 20% lead were common formulations.

The primary component of pot metal is zinc, but often the caster adds other metals to the mix to strengthen the cast part, improve flow of the molten metal, or to reduce cost. With a low melting point of 420 °C (786 °F), zinc is often alloyed with other metals including lead, tin, aluminium, and copper.

Uses

Pot metal is generally used for parts that are not subject to high stresses or torque.  Items created from pot metal include toys, furniture fittings, tool parts, electronics components, automotive parts, inexpensive jewelry and improvised weaponry.. Pot metal was commonly used to manufacture gramophone parts in the late 1920s and 1930s, with notable examples being the back covers on some HMV no.4 soundboxes and HMV no.5 soundboxes.  It was also used to make loudspeaker transducers used with early radio horn speakers before cone speakers were developed.  It is also used in inexpensive electric guitars and other budget-priced musical instruments.

See also
 Babbitt (alloy)
 Zamak
 Zinc aluminium
 Zinc pest

References

Copper alloys
Zinc alloys

Pot metal


Live Through This is the second studio album by Hole. It was released by Geffen Records on April 12, 1994. It got very good reviews. Most of the album was written by Courtney Love and guitarist Eric Erlandson. It was the only Hole album with bassist Kristen Pfaff. Love's husband Kurt Cobain did backing vocals on two songs. Four singles were released from the album, including "Doll Parts". The album was dedicated to Joe Cole, a roadie for Black Flag, who was shot to death during a robbery in December 1991 after attending a Hole show in West Hollywood, California.

Background
Hole's first studio album Pretty on the Inside was released in 1991. In March 1992, after the band toured to promote the album, drummer Caroline Rue and bassist Jill Emery left the band. In April 1992 Patty Schemel joined the band as drummer in replacement of Rue. The band moved to Carnation, Washington to a house owned by Love and her husband Kurt Cobain and began writing songs for a second album.

Reviews
Rolling Stone gave the album four out of five stars. Spin gave it a score of 10/10.

References

1994 albums
Hole (band) albums
Punk albums

Live Through This


The 820th Strategic Aerospace Division is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with Strategic Air Command (SAC)'s Eighth Air Force at Plattsburgh Air Force Base, New York, where it was inactivated on 25 June 1965.

The division was activated as the 820th Air Division in 1956 to command the two Boeing B-47 Stratojet wings planned for Plattsburgh.  However, the arrival of the second wing was delayed, and in 1959 the 820th was assigned two SAC Boeing B-52 Stratofortress strategic wings and air refueling wings at bases in New York and Maine.  Although the second bombardment wing finally arrived at Plattsburgh, it remained a paper unit until it was inactivated.

By 1961, the division had returned to commanding the bombardment and refueling wings at Plattsburgh and managing support units there.  It added SM-65 Atlas intercontinental ballistic missiles and EB-47 Stratojets of the Post Attack Command and Control System within the next year.  The missiles brought with them a new name for the division, the 820th Strategic Aerospace Division.

However, by 1964 the division was reduced to commanding a single wing at Plattsburgh and an air refueling squadron in Delaware.  When the Delaware squadron moved to Oklahoma and was reassigned in June 1965, the division was inactivated.

History

The 820th Air Division was activated By Strategic Air Command (SAC) at Plattsburgh Air Force Base, New York in January 1956 as the command headquarters for Plattsburgh in anticipation of the movement of a second Boeing B-47 Stratojet wing to Plattsburgh. In June, its 820th Air Base Group became the host organization for Plattsburgh, taking over from the 380th Air Base Group, which had acted in that capacity since 1955. The 380th Bombardment Wing, which had activated at Plattsburgh in the summer of 1955, was the first combat wing assigned to the division.  While awaiting the completion of facilities at Plattsburgh, the 380th Wing had been training with B-47s at Pinecastle Air Force Base, Florida.  In late June 1956, the wing's initial training was complete and its operational units returned to Plattsburgh Full B-47 operations began the following month. However, the arrival of the second B-47 wing was delayed, and the 380th remained the division's only wing until 1959. From October through November 1956, the wing was placed on a higher state of readiness because of the Suez Crisis and the Hungarian revolution.

Although the second wing's arrival was delayed, in August 1957, the 26th Air Refueling Squadron moved to Plattsburgh from Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts and was assigned to the division, although it was attached to the 380th Wing for operations.  In August 1959, the 26th was assigned directly to the 380th Wing.

In January 1959, the 820th grew by three wings.  It added two Strategic Wings, the 4038th at Dow Air Force Base, Maine and the
4039th at Griffiss Air Force Base, New York.  These wings had been established by SAC in a program to disperse its Boeing B-52 Stratofortress bombers over a larger number of bases, thus making it more difficult for the Soviet Union to knock out the entire fleet with a surprise first strike. SAC bases with large concentrations of bombers made attractive targets.  SAC's response was to break up its wings and scatter their aircraft over a larger number of bases. The division was also assigned a second wing at Dow, the 4060th Air Refueling Wing.  From 1959 until 1961, the division had over 200 combat aircraft assigned to it.

Six months later, in July 1959, the second Plattsburgh wing finally arrived when the 308th Bombardment Wing moved without personnel or equipment from Hunter Air Force Base, Georgia.  The 308th remained a paper unit, however, for until June 1960 the 380th Wing tested a "super wing" concept with over 110 operational aircraft assigned, while the 308th Wing remained non-operational until it was finally inactivated in June 1961.

In January 1960, the division became an operational headquarters only, when the 380th Bombardment Wing's 380th Combat Support Group again assumed support duties at Plattsburgh. The number of wings assigned to the division was reduced by one in February, when the 4060th Air Refueling Wing was discontinued and its units assigned to the 4038th Strategic Wing.

In addition to the inactivation of the 308th Wing, 1961 was a year of other changes to the division's responsibilities.  In January, the refueling squadrons at Plattsburgh were organized into the 4108th Air Refueling Wing, which was assigned to the division. In April, the two B-52 strategic wings were reassigned to the 6th Air Division. The division's wings now were located at Plattsburgh, and for the second time the 820th Combat Support Group replaced the 380th as the division resumed responsibility for support duties at the base. In October, the division added another weapons system, the SM-65 Atlas intercontinental ballistic missile, as the 556th Strategic Missile Squadron was activated and assigned to the division.

In the following year, SAC added the term "aerospace" to the names of its divisions that controlled both bomber and missile strike forces and the 820th became the 820th Strategic Aerospace Division. Another name change occurred to one of the division's wings because SAC became concerned that its Major Command Controlled (MAJCON) units, like the 4108th Wing, could not carry a permanent history or lineage. and SAC looked for a way to make its these wings permanent.  Later that year, in order to perpetuate the lineage of many currently inactive bombardment units with illustrious World War II records, SAC received authority from USAF to discontinue its MAJCON wings that were equipped with combat aircraft and to activate Air Force controlled (AFCON) units, most of which were inactive at the time which could carry a lineage and history. As a result, the 4108th Wing was replaced by the newly constituted 497th Air Refueling Wing, which assumed its mission, personnel, and equipment on 1 January 1963.

In July 1962, the 4365 Post Attack Command Control Squadron, flying EB-47 Stratojets of the Post Attack Command and Control System was activated and assigned to the division, although it was attached to the 380th Wing. The squadron operated its communications relay aircraft until September 1964, when it ceased operations and was then inactivated in December. Later that year, beginning on 23 October, in response to the Cuban Missile Crisis, the aircraft and missiles of the division assumed a heightened alert state.  A portion of its bombers dispersed to other airfields, returning to Plattsburgh one month later.

On 1 July 1964, 499th Air Refueling Wing at Westover Air Force Base, which had been responsible for Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter air refueling squadrons at a number of northeastern bases transferred the squadrons not located at Westover to other units. As a result of this transfer, the 11th Air Refueling Squadron at Dover Air Force Base, Delaware became part of the division. Three months later, the 497th Air Refueling Wing at Plattsburgh, whose squadrons had become nonoperational starting in July, was also inactivated, and with a single wing remaining at Plattsburgh, the division terminated its support responsibilities at Plattsburgh.

As the KC-97 force was reduced, operations at Dover ended and the 11th squadron moved on paper to Altus Air Force Base, Oklahoma in June 1965, where it replaced the 96th Air Refueling Squadron, whose mission, personnel and aircraft it assumed.  With no units left other than the 380th Wing at Plattsburgh, the division was simultaneously inactivated.

Lineage
 Established as 820 Air Division on 24 January 1956
 Activated on 1 February 1956
 Redesignated 820 Strategic Aerospace Division on 1 May 1962
 Discontinued and inactivated, on 25 June 1965

Assignments
 Eighth Air Force, 1 February 1956 – 25 June 1965

Stations
 Plattsburgh Air Force Base, New York, 1 February 1956 – 25 June 1965

Components
Wings
 308th Bombardment Wing: 15 July 1959 – 25 June 1961
 380th Bombardment Wing (later 380 Strategic Aerospace Wing): 1 February 1956 – 25 June 1965 (attached to 7th Air Division, 3 April 1957 – 3 July 1957)
 497th Air Refueling Wing: 1 January 1963 – 15 September 1964
 4038th Strategic Wing: 1 January 1959 – 1 April 1961
 Dow Air Force Base, Maine
 4039th Strategic Wing: 5 January 1959 – 1 April 1961
 Griffiss Air Force Base, New York
 4060th Air Refueling Wing: 1 January 1959 – 1 February 1960
 Dow Air Force Base, Maine
 4108th Air Refueling Wing: 1 January 1961 – 1 January 1963

Groups
 820th Air Base Group (later 820th Combat Support Group): 1 June 1956 – 1 January 1960, 1 April 1961 – 15 September 1964
 820th Medical Group: 1 May 1959 1 January 1960, 1 April 1961 – 15 September 1964

Squadrons
 11th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 July 1964 – 25 June 1965
 26th Air Refueling Squadron: 7 August 1957 – 1 August 1959 (attached to 380th Bombardment Wing)
 556th Strategic Missile Squadron: 1 October 1961 – 15 September 1964
 4365th Support Squadron (later 4365 Post Attack Command Control Squadron): 20 July 1962 – 24 December 1964 (attached to 380th Bombardment Wing)

Other
 4020th USAF Hospital: 1 June 1956 – 1 May 1959

Aircraft and Missiles

 Boeing B-47 Stratojet, 1956–1965
 Boeing EB-47 Stratojet, 1962–1964
 Boeing KC-97 Stratofreighter, 1956–1965
 Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker, 1969–1961; 1964–1965
 Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, 1960–1961
 Convair SM-65 (later CGM-16) Atlas, 1961–1965

Commanders

 Brig Gen Kenneth O. Sanborn, 23 Feb 1956
 Brig Gen James W. Wilson, 24 Mar 1958
 Col John B. Paine, 22 Jun 1959 (Interim)
 Brig Gen Perry M. Hoisington II, 27 Jul 1959
 Brig Gen Alvan C. Gillem II, 1 Apr 1961
 Brig Gen Winton R. Close, 15 Sep 1961
 Col Richard R. Stewart, by 31 Oct 1963 – 25 Jun 1965

See also
 List of United States Air Force air divisions
 List of MAJCOM wings of the United States Air Force
 List of USAF Bomb Wings and Wings assigned to Strategic Air Command
 List of USAF Strategic Wings assigned to the Strategic Air Command
 List of B-47 units of the United States Air Force
 List of B-52 Units of the United States Air Force

References

Notes
 Explanatory notes

 Footnotes

Bibliography

External links

Strategic Aerospace divisions of the United States Air Force
1956 establishments in New York (state)
1965 disestablishments in New York (state)
Military units and formations disestablished in 1965

820th Strategic Aerospace Division


Eenie Meenie Records (stylized as eenie meenie records) is a Los Angeles–based independent record label.

Information
Eenie Meenie Records was founded in 1999 by Reiko Kondo and specializes in signing indie pop, indie rock and electronica artists. Notably, the label has also released albums from side bands of The Apples in Stereo members; 010 by Ulysses (Robert Schneider) and Songs About the Ocean by The High Water Marks (Hilarie Sidney).

In 2005, a CD entitled Dimension Mix was released as a tribute to electronic music pioneer Bruce Haack with the profits donated to Cure Autism Now.

Artists
Blue-Eyed Son
Division Day
DJ Me DJ You
Faraway Places
From Bubblegum to Sky
Goldenboy
Great Northern
The High Water Marks
Hockey Night
Irving
Old Monk
Oranger
Pine*AM
Scissors for Lefty
Seksu Roba
Space Needle
Troubled Hubble
Ulysses
Wallpaper

See also
 List of record labels

References

External links
Official Website

Record labels established in 1999
American independent record labels
Indie rock record labels
Indie pop record labels
Electronic music record labels
1999 establishments in California

Eenie Meenie Records


Ardozyga orthanotos is a species of moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1900. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from Victoria.

The wingspan is about . The forewings are whitish ochreous, partly mixed with pale ochreous, with some scattered fuscous and dark fuscous scales. There are indications of dark fuscous marks on the costa at one-fifth and two-fifths and there is a somewhat undefined black streak along the fold from the base to two-fifths, and another in the disc from above the apex of this to three-fourths. There are also some blackish scales about the apex. The hindwings are dark fuscous, somewhat lighter towards the tips, towards the dorsum ochreous tinged and with a short transparent streak from the middle of the base.

References

Ardozyga
Moths described in 1900
Moths of Australia

Ardozyga orthanotos


The Ovimbundu, also known as the Southern Mbundu, are a Bantu ethnic group who live on the Bié Plateau of central Angola and in the coastal strip west of these highlands.  As the largest ethnic group in Angola, they make up 38 percent of the country's population. Overwhelmingly the Ovimbundu follow Christianity, mainly the Igreja Evangélica Congregacional de Angola (IECA), founded by American missionaries, and the Catholic Church. However, some still retain beliefs and practices from African traditional religions.

History
The origins of the Ovimbundu are Bantu populations who drifted in from the North, over the last millennium, and formed local/regional groups which slowly became political units and foci of social identity: M'Balundu, Sele, Wambo, Bieno and others. They developed a sophisticated agriculture, completed by the breeding of small animals (chicken, goats, swine) as well as of a modicum of cows bought from the farmer-herders to the South (Nyaneka-Nkhumbi, Ovambo).

Incisive change came about when the Portuguese established a colonial bridgehead in Benguela, in the 16th century. Several of the small "kingdoms" saw their advantage in organising an intense caravan trade between  Benguela and peoples of the East, in particular the Chokwe, the Luvale and the Mbunda, from whom they obtained wax, rubber, honey and ivory.  Each trading caravan had a professional leader and diviner. Trade agreements that had linked the independent chiefdoms led to the development of regional specializations, including metalwork and cornmeal production. Slavery and the slave trade were also an integral part of Ovimbundu societies. Caravan trading declined with the suppression of the slave trade and, more importantly, the construction of the Benguela Railway in 1904, and came to an end shortly after 1910.

In the following years, the Ovimbundu completely changed their economy to cash crop production of corn, sold to a rapidly increasing network of Portuguese traders. However, because of their demographic growth, and because significant portions of their lands were appropriated by Europeans for coffee, sisal and other plantations, many Ovimbundu started to work as paid labour, mainly on European plantations in their own region or in Northwest Angola, but also in Namibian mines.

The Ovimbundu are the main social basis of  UNITA, an anti-colonial movement that fought against the Portuguese from 1966 to 1974, was an adversary of the rival movement  MPLA during the Angolan Civil War of 1975 to 2002, and is at present an opposition political party.

During the Civil War the two major cities located in Umbundu territory, Huambo and Kuito, were to a large extent destroyed  by the MPLA and UNITA respectively, as were a considerable number of villages and much infrastructure (roads, railways, bridges etc.). Many people died, and many others fled to cities either in their own area (Benguela, Lobito) or in distant areas (mainly Luanda and its surroundings, but also Lubango). During long periods parts of Umbundu territory were under UNITA control.

Since 2002, considerable efforts at reconstruction have been made - by the government, interested in national reconciliation, but to a large extent by the people themselves, by the churches and by a variety of NGOs. A significant proportion of the "internally displaced" Ovimbundu have returned to their places of origin, where traditional forms of social organization have often survived or then been reconstituted. However, larger or smaller Ovimbundu communities have remained in many cities outside their habitat, so that a significant part of this people is now scattered all over Angola.

In political terms, the Angolan parliamentary elections of 2008 reflected an important shift in Ovimbundu loyalty: while most of them had voted UNITA in the previous (1992) election, their majority now voted MPLA  - because (after the death of Jonas Savimbi) UNITA had lost much of its credibility, but also because strengthening UNITA was seen as implying the risk of a renewal of armed violence.

See also
Bailundo
Cingolo
Citata
Civula
Ciyaka
Ekekete
Kingdom of Ndulu
Ngalangi

References

Further reading

  Gladwyn Murray Childs, Umbundu Kinship and Character, London: Oxford University Press, 1949
 Adrian Edwards, The Ovimbundu Under Two Sovereignties: A Study of Social Control and Social Change Among a People of Angola, London: Oxford University Press, 1962
 Linda Heywood, Contested Power in Angola, 1940s to the Present, Rochester/NY: University of Rochester Press, 2000 (A scholarly political history of the Ovimbundu)
 Didier Péclard, "Les incertitudes de la nation en Angola: Aux racines sociales de l'UNITA", Paris: Karthala, 2015

External links
Ovimbundu Britannica Online
Nação Ovimbundu

Ethnic groups in Angola
Bantu peoples

Ovimbundu


Terralink International was a New Zealand owned and operated provider of geographic information systems (GIS) and mapping solutions. In 2014 it was bought by Property IQ, and has now become CoreLogic NZ Limited; 60% owned by the US-based CoreLogic corporation.

Overview

Terralink International specialises in delivering mapping, property information and imagery, as well as geographical and spatial information. Terralink also produces and updates many of New Zealand's official topographic, city and scientific maps.
Other geospatial related services and solutions provided by Terralink International include:
 GIS/Spatial data maintenance, production and analysis
 Photogrammetry
 Cartography
 Imagery acquisition, provision and hosting
 Data replication and integration
 GIS infrastructure development
 Addressing Services/Matching
 Geocoding
 Online hosting
 Web and software development
 Customer Support Services
 Data analytics

History
A former Government-owned enterprise with a history extending back over 100 years, Terralink International maintains and manages New Zealand's largest and most comprehensive land and property information database.
Terralink NZ Limited was privatised in June 2001 when it was purchased by a consortium of investors to form Terralink International Limited. This occurred following a receivership in January 2001, after which its ownership was 80% Animation Research Holdings Ltd, a New Zealand company specialising in 3D animation, and 20% Spatial Holdings Ltd.

In 2014 it was bought by Property IQ, and has now become CoreLogic NZ Limited; 60% owned by the US-based CoreLogic corporation.
Property information firms mergeTerralink International is 100% New Zealand owned and operated.

Location
Terralink International's head office and core production facility is situated in Wellington with a satellite office in Auckland. Currently around 75 staff are employed by Terralink International.

References

External links
 Terralink International's corporate website

Geographic information systems
Information technology companies of New Zealand

Terralink International


Clyde Kusatsu (born September 13, 1948) is an American actor of Japanese descent.

Life and career

Clyde Kusatsu was born in Hawaii and attended Iolani School where he began acting and in Honolulu summer stock. After graduating with a theatre degree from Northwestern University, he got his first TV role on Kung Fu where was in four episodes. On M*A*S*H he played three roles in four episodes. Kusatsu also played Rev. Chong on several episodes of All in the Family. During this period Kusatsu was also a member of East West Players, the oldest Asian-American theatre company in Los Angeles.

Kusatsu has been a regular on several television series, beginning with Bring 'Em Back Alive on CBS (1982–83) and the Hawaii-set medical drama Island Son on CBS (1989–90), playing the  Richard Chamberlain character's best friend, Dr. Kenji Fushida. His many television movies have included the film adaptation of Farewell to Manzanar (1976) about Japanese-American internment during World War II. (Kusatsu also guest-starred on an episode of Lou Grant about Japanese internment in the U.S.) Other television films and mini-series have been And The Sea Will Tell, and American Tragedy playing Judge Lance Ito. He was in the Baa Baa Black Sheep episode "Prisoners of War" as a downed Japanese fighter pilot in the Pacific (1976); Golden Land (1988), a Hollywood-set drama based on a William Faulkner story; and the AIDS docudrama And the Band Played On (1993). Kusatsu also had a recurring role as Vice Admiral Nakamura on Star Trek: The Next Generation. In comedy he also portrayed Principal Shimata in several episodes of the 1990s ABC situation comedy Family Matters, the usual foil of that series' main protagonist Steve Urkel. He later was in Margaret Cho's short-lived ABC series All American Girl (1994–1995), the first Asian-American family sitcom in the U.S., as Cho's character's father.

In films he has worked with Toshiro Mifune in Midway (1976) and again in John Frankenheimer's Black Sunday (1977) and The Challenge (1981). Kusatsu had roles in Dragon: The Bruce Lee Story (1993), In the Line of Fire (1993), and in American Pie (1999). Other films include Shopgirl as Mr. Agasa, and in Sydney Pollack's The Interpreter (2005) as Lee Wu, chief of security for the United Nations Headquarters. He also had a role opposite Glenn Close in Bruce Beresford's World War II drama Paradise Road (1997).

In soap operas he had the recurring role of Dr. Dennis Okamura on The Young and the Restless on CBS as well as guest appearances on The Bold and the Beautiful, General Hospital, and Days of Our Lives. He also appeared as four different characters on Magnum, P.I., including the Vietnamese Colonel Ki character who severely wounds Thomas Magnum (Tom Selleck), and in another two episodes he played HPD Detective Gordon Katsumoto. In the CBS Movie of the Week, he was the original Wong in Dr. Strange (1978).

In 2012 the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) and the American Federation of Television and Radio Actors (AFTRA), the two labor unions for actors, merged into SAG-AFTRA, and in 2013 Kusatsu became the first elected President of the new SAG-AFTRA Local in Los Angeles. He was also elected the first National Vice President Los Angeles and was re-elected to that office four times, until 2021 when Michelle Hurd was elected to the position. He remains a vocal supporter of union issues, particularly those related to the Film and Television industries. His roles during this period included a part in The Grinder and the father-in-law of Ken Jeong's character in Dr. Ken, and in film, commercials, and voice-over animation, such as The Grocer in Curious George, Netflix' Blue Eye Samurai and Phaeton on AMC+. Kusatsu guest-starred on the second season of Dirty John: The Betty Broderick Story. He was Grandpa Ted in Season 2 of Netflix' Never Have I Ever, and was in episodes of Young Rock, Days of Our Lives, and The United States of Al.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

References

External links

 Clyde Kusatsu 2008 interview on Asiance Magazine online
 Clyde Kusatsu 2013 interview with BlankmanInc

1948 births
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
American male actors of Japanese descent
American film actors of Japanese descent
ʻIolani School alumni
Northwestern University School of Communication alumni
Male actors from Hawaii
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors

Clyde Kusatsu


Doug Pappas (1961–2004) was an American baseball writer and researcher who was considered a foremost expert on the business of baseball.

Pappas was a graduate of the University of Chicago (1982) and the University of Michigan Law School (1985), where he had been Executive Note Editor of the Michigan Law Review.  He attended and graduated from Hackley School in 1978.

Contributions to baseball research
Pappas wrote prolifically about baseball economics, analyzing and debunking what he perceived as false information spread by Major League Baseball and sympathetic media outlets. He railed against claims by Commissioner Bud Selig that the league's teams were in dire financial straits, using the league's own data to refute the claims.

Pappas conducted exhaustive research on player salaries, compiling a database from a variety of sources.  His analytical work focused on measuring the performance of a team's front office with a metric called Marginal Wins/Marginal Payroll.  This work inspired and informed major league general managers like Billy Beane, and formed the foundation of what would later come to be known as "Moneyball."

He was a regular contributor to Baseball Prospectus from 2001 to 2004 and a listed contributor to the 4th and 5th editions of Total Baseball. Pappas was also very active within the Society for American Baseball Research, in 1994 founding and then chairing the SABR Business of Baseball committee and serving as the organization's parliamentarian. After his death, SABR renamed its USA Today award for the best paper at its annual convention in honor of Pappas:The Doug Pappas Research Award recognizes the best oral research presentation at the Annual Convention. Before 2004 it was known as The USA Today Sports Weekly Award; the name was changed to honor the late Doug Pappas. USA Today Sports Weekly continues to sponsor both it and the companion award for the best poster presentation.

In eulogizing Pappas, Neal Traven of SABR wrote:He was a brilliant researcher, blessed with the capacity to digest and describe great volumes of material.  Most SABR research stops there, but Doug continued on, to analyze and make sense of what he observed, and to synthesize his insights into recommendations for resolving the problems he addressed.

He was a splendid and generous communicator, writing with clarity and passion, eager to share resources and ideas with all who sought him out, always as ready to examine his own assumptions as he was to challenge the assumptions of others.

Doug detested pretension and artifice – he certainly knew that the clothes do not make the man.  If he's somehow observing us, he's laughing about us wearing suits and ties on this occasion.  At the same time, he reveled in the unabashed quirkiness he observed on his frequent drives along America's highways and byways.

Doug didn't Misrepresent clients and did not use people to run along and do his dirt.suffer fools gladly, nor could he muster up sympathy for those who would willfully and deliberately mislead and misrepresent.  His college friend Veronica Drake speaks of his mastery of the Socratic method (as taught at the University of Chicago), but I'd call his approach one of reductio ad absurdum … following the premises of, say, Bud Selig to their logical conclusion, and then simply noting the absurdity and fallacy of that outcome.

His abiding enthusiasm for baseball and for the American roadside were amply illustrated in the public persona of his writings and his web presence.  Less obvious, but just as deeply held and as integral to his being, were his commitment to social justice and progressive politics, and his love of rock-and-roll music.

Other interests and contributions
In addition to his baseball fandom, Pappas was a lawyer in BigLaw and a photography enthusiast. After graduating from law school, Pappas was an associate at two now-defunct Wall Street firms, Finley, Kumble, Wagner, Underberg, Manley, Myerson & Casey, and then its successor, Myerson & Kuhn. While at Finley Kumble, Pappas represented the former United States Football League in its antitrust suit against the National Football League.    He later moved to another New York firm, Mintz & Gold, where his practice concentrated on general civil and commercial litigation.

His unexpected death came on a photographic excursion.  After his death, his mother donated more than 500 of his books along with 34 of his photograph albums, and approximately 3,700 of his postcards related to transportation to the University of Michigan's Transportation History Collection of the Special Collections Library.

Notes

External links
Pappas's Web Site
Doug's Business of Baseball Weblog
Gary Huckabay, "6-4-3: Leaving the Shore" (May 25, 2004).
Maury Brown, "Baseball Prospectus: Remembering Doug Pappas" (May 21, 2007).
SABR Obituary for Doug Pappas (May 21, 2004)
SABR Eulogy for Doug Pappas, written by Neal Traven (June 7, 2004).
Joanne Nesbit, "Library Gift Celebrates the Open Road," Univ. of Michigan News Service, University Record Online, January 20, 2005.
Outside the Lines, SABR Business of Baseball Newsletter, edited by Pappas 1995-2004.

American sportswriters
1962 births
2004 deaths
University of Chicago alumni
University of Michigan Law School alumni
Deaths from hyperthermia

Doug Pappas


Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn (, , , ) is the prominent Christian icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated by the faithful in the Chapel of the Gate of Dawn in Vilnius, Lithuania. The painting was historically displayed above the Vilnius city gate; city gates of the time often contained religious artifacts intended to ward off attacks and bless passing travelers.

The painting is in the Northern Renaissance style and was completed most likely around 1630. The Virgin Mary is depicted without the infant Jesus. The artwork soon became known as miraculous and inspired a following. A dedicated chapel was built in 1671 by the Discalced Carmelites. At the same time, possibly borrowing from the Eastern Orthodox tradition, the painting was covered in an expensive and elaborate silver and gold riza, leaving only the face and hands visible.

On 5 July 1927, the image was canonically crowned by Pope Pius XI.  The chapel was later visited by Pope John Paul II in 1993. It is a major site of pilgrimage in Vilnius and attracts many visitors, especially from Poland.

History

The legend tells that in 1702, when Vilnius was captured by the Swedish army during the Great Northern War, Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn came to her people's rescue. At dawn, the heavy iron city gates fell, crushing and killing four Swedish soldiers. After this, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Army successfully counter-attacked near the gate.

It is believed that the painting was commissioned by the government of Vilnius. It was customary to place paintings or sculptures of various saints in niches of walls hoping that they would protect the building. The governor of Vilnius ordered two paintings, one depicting Christ the Saviour (Salvator Mundi), and the other the Virgin Mary. Both of them decorated the Gate of Dawn of the Vilnius city wall – a defensive structure with no religious importance at the time. The painting of Christ decorated the exterior of the gate, while that of the Virgin was in the same place as it is now – a small niche, protected by shutters from rain and snow. Narrow and steep stairs led to a small balcony where the faithful could light candles and pray. In 1650, Albert Wijuk Kojałowicz published Miscellanea, listing all miraculous paintings of Mary, but did not mention Our Lady of the Gate of the Dawn.

In the mid-17th century the Discalced Carmelites built the Church of Saint Teresa and their monastery near the Gate of Dawn. In 1655, the city was captured, looted, and depopulated during the Battle of Vilnius of the Russo-Polish War. It was likely that the city government, short of funds, transferred maintenance of the gate and the paintings to the Carmelites. The painting of Christ was moved to the Carmelite monastery and later to Vilnius Cathedral (a fresco of Jesus was painted in its original niche in the 19th century; it was uncovered in 1976). In 1671, the monks built a wooden chapel to Our Lady next to the gate tower; it was around the time that the painting was covered in expensive silver riza. By then, the painting was already an object of public veneration and the chapel dedication ceremony was attended by many prominent figures of the time including Chancellor Krzysztof Zygmunt Pac, Grand Hetman Michał Kazimierz Pac, and senators of the general sejm.

In May 1715, the wooden chapel burnt down, but the painting was saved and placed in the Church of St Teresa. In 1720, the current brick chapel was dedicated in the presence of four bishops, a number of senators, and a large crowd of the faithful. In 1761, the monk Hilarion published Relacja o cudownym Obrazie Naijświętszej Marji Panny etc, the primary source for the painting's early history and also the first collection of various miracles attributed to it. In 1773 Pope Clement XIV granted an indulgence to the faithful, designating the chapel as a place of public worship, and established a charitable society. At the turn of the 19th century, Tsarist authorities demolished the city wall and all the city's gates, except the Gate of Dawn and its chapel. In 1829, the chapel underwent restoration and acquired elements of late Neoclassicism. Since the entrance to the chapel was from inside the Carmelite monastery, women could not go inside. Because of this, one female devotee sponsored the construction of a two-storey gallery on the side of the street in 1830.

In 1927, major restoration works were completed under bishop Romuald Jałbrzykowski. With permission from Pope Pius XI, the painting was solemnly crowned Mother of Mercy on 2 July 1927 by the Archbishop of Warsaw Alexander Cardinal Kakowski. The ceremony was attended by President Ignacy Mościcki, First Marshal Jozef Pilsudski, Primate of Poland August Hlond, 28 other bishops, and other dignitaries.

Painting

Origin and inspiration
The origin of the painting is not known. According to historian Teodor Narbutt (1784–1864), the painting was acquired by Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania (ruled 1345–1377), as a war trophy from Crimea. This note, based on dubious sources, along with dark colors of the painting that resembled Byzantine icons, inspired 19th-century Russian historians to claim that the painting was Orthodox and not Roman Catholic. This theory was popularized in various articles, brochures, studies and is sometimes quoted today. Others claimed that the painting was commissioned by King of Poland Sigismund II Augustus and depicted his wife Barbara Radziwiłł.

With a silver riza covering the entire painting, except for the face and hands, it was very hard for art historians to determine in what period the painting was created. In 1927, the silver cover was removed for the first time in decades. The painting was analyzed and restored. Based on the new data gathered during the restoration, Mieczysław Skrudlik came to a conclusion that the painting was completed around 1630–1650 and linked it with another painting in the Corpus Christi Church in Kraków, created by artist Luke in 1624. Mary Kałamajska Saeed in her 1990 thesis argued that Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn was a work of a local artist and was inspired by contemporary Flemish mannerist painter Marten de Vos through an engraving of Thomas de Leu. In 1993, on the occasion of pope's visit, the painting was restored and one of its planks was dated based on its tree-rings. The scientists concluded that the oak grew in 1434–1620.

Description
The original painting is  and was painted by an unknown artist on eight oak planks  thick. As usual for Northern Europe, a very thin layer of chalk priming was applied to the planks before painting in tempera. Later Our Lady was repainted in oil paint. Some restoration work was completed in the mid-19th century. Major restoration works were completed in 1927.

The painting depicts complex personality and devotion to Mary. Her head is gently leaning to her right, her eyes are half closed, her hands are crossed in devotion; this reminds that she is a virgin, humble servant of the Lord, merciful mother and patron of the people. At the same time, her head is surrounded by an aureola with golden rays and her body is usually covered in elaborate gold and silver rizas and crowns; these are the symbols of her divine and majestic role as the Queen of Heaven. The painting also reminds of Tota pulchra es (You are all beautiful), an old Catholic prayer.

Riza

The tradition to decorate paintings with a riza or revetment of precious metals may have been borrowed from Eastern Orthodoxy. The riza of Our Lady is composed of three gilded silver parts, each completed by different artists at a different period. The head and shoulders were covered in 1670–90; the chest piece was adapted from a different painting in 1695–1700; the bottom of the painting was completed by the 1730s. The revetments are richly decorated in floral motifs: roses, tulips, narcissi, carnations, and at least six other species.

The flowers were references to hortus conclusus (enclosed garden), and a symbol of Mary's virginity and purity. The circle of stars represents the immaculate conception. The head of Our Lady is adorned with two crowns. Two little angels lower the large Rococo-style crown with colored glass inlays upon the smaller Baroque crown. Some argued that the two crowns, resembling royal and ducal insignia, represented the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania respectively. In 1927, duplicate crowns were made of pure gold, donated by the people, and were blessed by Pope Pius XI. On 2 July 1927 the Canonical Coronation took place and the painting received the title of Mother of Mercy. The gold crowns were lost, possibly during World War II.

On certain occasions, the image has been displayed without its riza for a limited time.

Sculptures of Mary's parents – St Joachim and St Anne – stand on both sides of the painting between the altar columns.

Veneration

Miracles and votive offerings

In 1761, the monk Hilarion published a book enumerating 17 miracles attributed to the painting and the Virgin Mary. The first miracle he recorded occurred in 1671, the same year the first chapel was built. A two-year-old child fell from the second floor onto a stone pavement and was badly injured. The parents then prayed to Our Lady and the next day the child was healthy once again. In 1702, Vilnius was captured by the Swedish Army during the Great Northern War. The Swedes, who were Protestants, mocked the painting, forbade songs and prayers, and caroused around the Gate of Dawn. One soldier even shot at the painting (the bullet hole can still be seen on the right sleeve). In the early morning of Great and Holy Saturday, the heavy iron gates fell and crushed four Swedish soldiers – two died instantly and two later from their injuries. The next day, Easter Sunday, the Lithuanian Army successfully counter-attacked near the gate. The commander, grateful for the victory, bestowed a large silver votive offering upon the chapel. The painting is also credited with other miracles: subduing a city fire in 1706, punishing a Russian soldier for an attempt to steal her silver riza in 1708, and numerous miraculous healings. Other stories of various miracles were kept by the Carmelite monks, but those books have not survived.

Votive offerings became a tradition. They are usually small silver objects (hearts, crucifixes, figures of praying people, images of cured eyes, legs, arms). Several times (1799, 1808, 1810) some of these objects were taken down and melted into liturgical objects. In 1844 there was a total of 785 offerings. Twelve years later, in 1856, the number had almost doubled to 1,438. From 1884 to 1927 a journal of new offerings was kept. During that time 2,539 new gifts were registered. Currently, there are about 8,000 silver votive objects in the chapel. The large crescent moon located right beneath Our Lady is also a votive offering. Its origins are unknown but it bears an inscription in Polish and a date of 1849. The crescent goes well with the silver riza, adding additional parallels with the Woman of the Apocalypse, described in the Book of Revelation as "a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and on her head a crown of twelve stars".

Divine Mercy

The icon of Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn has become associated with the messages of Divine Mercy. Eight years after the icon was conferred the title of Mother of Mercy, the first exposition of the Divine Mercy image, painted by Eugene Kazimierowski under the direction of Faustina Kowalska, took place at the chapel in April 1935. In her Diary: Divine Mercy in My Soul, she writes of a mystical experience involving the icon in the Gate of Dawn chapel.  On 15 November 1935, Saint Faustina was at the Gate of Dawn chapel participating in the last day of the novena before the feast day of the icon, 16 November. She writes of seeing the icon taking on "a living appearance" and speaking to her, telling her "accept all that God asked of me like a little child, without questioning; otherwise it would not be pleasing to God."

Shrines in other locations
Today this holy image is venerated by Roman Catholics, Greek Catholics, and Eastern Orthodox Christians of many countries whose origins lie in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, including Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine and their diasporas worldwide. In Lithuania itself there are 15 churches as well as Lithuanian parishes in Montreal and Buenos Aires devoted to the Blessed Virgin Mary of the Gate of Dawn. On 26 February 2007 the parish of Our Lady of Vilnius (Aušros Vartų Parapija) was closed by the Archdiocese of New York. The sanctuary had featured an icon of Our Lady, painted by the artist Tadas Sviderskis in the 1980s.

In Poland the biggest church devoted to Our Lady is the Marian Basilica in Gdańsk. Other shrines of the holy icon are found in Poland (Białystok, Drogosze, Kętrzyn, Olsztyn, Skarżysko-Kamienna and Wrocław), United Kingdom (Kidderminster), United States (South River, NJ), and Australia. A copy of the painting can also be found in Church of Saint-Séverin in Paris.

There is a Vilnius' Gate of Dawn Mother of Mercy Chapel () in the St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. It was consecrated by the Pope Paul VI in 1970 and it is a place where Pope John Paul II had his first prayer after being elected as the Pope in 1978. Only Lithuania, Poland, Hungary and Ireland have such chapels in the St. Peter's Basilica.

Liturgical Commemoration
Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn is commemorated on November 16 in the Catholic Church and January 8 (December 26 O.S.) and April 27 (April 14 O.S.) in the Orthodox Church.

See also
 Our Lady of Šiluva

References

External links

 Official website of Gate of Dawn Chapel
 Virtual panorama of the Chapel
 Eastern Orthodox tradition regarding the Ostrabrama icon

Catholic Church in Poland
Catholic Church in Lithuania
Catholic Church in Belarus
Catholic devotions
Paintings of the Virgin Mary
Renaissance paintings
Lithuanian paintings
1630 paintings

Our Lady of the Gate of Dawn


Malcolm Colcord, also known as The Director, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character plays an important role in Weapon X comics and has appeared as a villain in Wolverine.

Publication history
Malcolm Colcord first appeared in Wolverine Vol. 2 #166, and was created by Frank Tieri and Sean Chen.

Fictional character biography
Malcolm Colcord has been depicted as the patriarch of a family and a soldier, until he is assigned as a guard to the Weapon X complex in Canada. One night, Wolverine escapes from the complex, massacring all the soldiers in his way. Colcord does not escape his wrath and gets repeatedly slashed in the face, becoming disfigured for the rest of his life.

This horrifying moment marks the start of Malcolm's revenge against the mutant population. He becomes obsessed with mutants; his wife and children leave him, unable to recognize the man they had once loved. He seizes control of the Weapon X program, becoming the cold, ruthless and calculating Director. He presents to his superiors the idea that mutants are a resource waiting to be exploited, but inside he desires nothing less than the complete extermination of all mutants. One of his primary roles as Director is recruiting mutants such as Sabretooth, Garrison Kane and Copycat as agents for Weapon X. Colcord also recruits Agent Brent Jackson of S.H.I.E.L.D. as his second-in command, but later becomes highly distrustful of Jackson, whose cunningness is his most dangerous weapon. Malcolm hopes to bring Wolverine back to fold, and uses implants to control him and make him murder a US senator. The implants are one use only, though and Wolverine regains control. Wolverine and his friend Beast are  arrested by Brent Jackson and sent to prison. Colcord has Sabretooth kidnap Wolverine from prison and take him to the Weapon X complex, but S.H.I.E.L.D. director Nick Fury does not trust Jackson and sends the bounty hunter known as the Shiver Man to free Wolverine. They escape, but Colcord remains in control of Weapon X.

He then tries to recruit Deadpool, who initially agrees, but on Weapon X when Copycat, his ex-girlfriend becomes one of their targets. Copycat is killed and Deadpool tries to kill Colcord to avenge her death. He fails and gets killed in the process (though he is resurrected shortly afterwards).

The failure to recruit Wolverine, and the death of Deadpool and Copycat, leads Colcord to decide to bring in new members. The new line-up consists of Wild Child, Sauron, Mesmero, Aurora, Marrow, Washout and Maverick (then known as Agent Zero). This line-up is used for rescuing Madison Jeffries of Alpha Flight, who brainwashed, would play an essential role in Colcord's plans.

Colcord engineers a mutant concentration camp called Neverland, which is designed and built by Jeffries. Jeffries also designs and builds the sentries known as Boxbots, based on his old Box-armor. Using Weapon X agents, mutants would be forcibly taken from their homes and imprisoned in Neverland, where they would be separated into two groups: the useful and the useless. Those with useless powers would be disposed of. The survivors would either join the Program or suffer painful experiments to extract their powers. Mister Sinister creates an alternate identity as one of the scientists, Dr. Windsor in Neverland, and uses Neverland to get subjects for his own twisted experiments.

Colcord later falls in love with the mutant Aurora, who persuades him to go through facial surgery to lose his bitterness. Colcord agrees, and for a while the couple lives happily together. The Director keeps Aurora ignorant of Neverland, and never sends her there during inspections. Brent Jackson points out Colcord's hypocrisy, and slyly calls him a mutant lover. Colcord, greatly troubled by this name, angrily beats Aurora. Jackson uses this moment as a chance to usurp the program from the unsuspecting Colcord. Persuading Sauron, Wild Child, Washout and members of the Underground to join him, Jackson stages a coup against the Director. Colcord destroys his face in frustration for losing his incentive, and escaps the battle with the help of Jeffries and Aurora.

Aurora however later returns the favor to Colcord, leaving him and Jeffries stranded in the middle of nowhere. Colcord and Jeffries stay underground, while Jackson takes control of Weapon X. During this time Colcord is haunted by visions of Wolverine. These visions start to talk to Colcord, motivating him and giving him advice. Jeffries is happy to see Colcord motivated again, but is unaware of the hallucinations. Colcord returns to Weapon X and decides to rebuild the Program with the help of Jeffries. The X-Men free Jeffries of the Weapon X program influence.

Colcord later rescues former Junior Weapon X Research Scientist Detlef Metzger who is about to be killed by Daken and X-23 for possessing a vial of Wolverine's blood, and recruits him for a new project, forcing him to work under threat of a nanobotic virus. It is revealed he is having children kidnapped from parts of Madripoor, experimenting on their natural human healing abilities to create a 'healing factor serum', needed to make subjects survive a recreated Weapon X Project, under the orders of Daken. When Daken figures out that he's hiding something, he arranges for Malcolm to be attacked by X-23, who takes out his finger nails, so he may capture her and use her to perfect his experiment. Before he may begin, Daken frees X-23, and together the two proceed to take out all his guards, kill his brainwashed experiments, and trap him in the lab as it explodes. It is revealed afterwards that he's alive, having taken the healing factor serum, but is left deformed and covered in burns, as it is not as strong as Daken's or Laura's. Daken allows the world to think he's dead, instead leaving Colcord chained in the back room of a run down apartment building as penance for his crimes.

In the pages of the "Ravencroft" miniseries, Malcolm Colcord is seen as a member of J.A.N.U.S.

Other versions

Days of Future Now
In the mini-series, Weapon X: Days of Future Now, a variation of the Days of Future Past, a possible future (Earth-5700) unfolds where Colcord joins the Sentinels in their extermination of mutants. Colcord's obsession is of great use to the Sentinels and he is one of the key figures in the death of the X-Men. In this series, Colcord wears a white mask to cover his scarred face. At the end of the series, Colcord switches sides. He joins the mutants in their plan to send Wolverine back in time and prevent Colcord from being disfigured, which was the real cause for the dystopian timeline. The plan fails though, but current events like Decimation have seemingly made this future an alternate timeline.

Ultimate Marvel
The Ultimate Universe version of Malcolm Colcord appears in the miniseries Ultimate Origins, as Dr. Cornelius's employer in 1946. Cornelius tells him that Weapon X project has created the mutant gene. Later, an older Malcolm Colcord appears as Nick Fury and S.H.I.E.L.D. are destroying Weapon X HQ. He tells them that men created mutants and Fury shoots him deciding that it needs to remain a secret.

What If
In What If, he was a former scientist in the Weapon X program in the 1980s where his face was scared by Miles Morales, going by the name "Wolverine". By the 2020s, he had become director of S.H.I.E.L.D.

In other media
Malcolm Colcord makes a brief appearance in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes episode "Behold...The Vision!". He is heard over a radio at a Weapon X facility leading an advance team against the Vision and being quickly overpowered.

Malcolm Colcord makes a non-speaking appearance in Nemesis' ending in Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3.

References

External links
 Malcolm Colcord at Marvel Wiki
 Malcolm Colcord at Marvel.com
 Malcolm Colcord at Comic Vine

Comics characters introduced in 2001
Marvel Comics supervillains
Fictional Canadian Army personnel
Fictional characters with disfigurements
2001 comics debuts

Malcolm Colcord


All Saints Church is a redundant Anglican church in Waldershare, Kent, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.  The church is located  north of Dover on the west side of the A256 road.  The North Downs Way passes through the churchyard.  The church is notable for the memorials in its chapels.

History

The church dates from the 12th century.  Mortuary chapels were added in about 1697 and in about 1712.  The main part of the church was restored and virtually rebuilt in 1886 by Ewan Christian.  A further restoration was carried out in 1902.  A lychgate was built at the entrance to the churchyard in about 1930.  The church was declared redundant on 1 June 1980, and was vested in the Churches Conservation Trust on 27 June 2006.

Architecture

Exterior
The plan of the church consists of a nave with a south porch, and a chancel with a north and a south chapel.  The body of the church is constructed in flint and rubble with a slate roof.  The chapels are in red brick with tiled roofs.  The brickwork of the south chapel is in English bond and the north chapel is in Flemish bond.  The west wall is buttressed, and there is a bellcote on its gable.  In the south wall of the chancel is a Norman window.  The other windows in the body of the church are lancets, other than the two-light window in the north wall of the nave.  The windows in the chapels date from the 15th century, and also have two lights.

Interior
Inside the church is a double-chamfered chancel arch, and arches between the chancel and the chapels.  The chapels have wooden barrel roofs.  There is a piscina in the nave and another in the chancel, both of which are damaged.  The reredos is partly painted and partly in mosaic, with a marble triptych.  On the sanctuary walls are paintings by Clayton and Bell dating from about 1886. Between the chancel and the chapels are 19th-century screens. In the chapels are hatchments, two in the north chapel and one in the south.  The windows contain Victorian stained glass.

Monuments

The major monument in the south chapel was erected by Sir Peregrine Bertie to his wife, Susan, shortly after her death in 1697.  It consists of a tomb chest surrounded by railings.  On the chest are the effigies of Sir Peregrine and his wife who "recline uncomfortably with hands clasped and legs crossed".  On the sides of the chest are carvings including a memento mori, achievements, and panels with drapes and cherubim. On the south wall of the chapel is a monument to members of the Monins family, erected before 1642.  It consists of a black and white marble plaque containing an inscribed oval plaque surrounded by Corinthian columns and an interrupted segmental pediment.  The north chapel is filled by a free-standing monument to Sir Henry Furnese who died in 1712.  It was made by Thomas Green of Camberwell in four kinds of marble, and is in three stages.  The base is square, inscribed on each side, and surrounded by four life-size mourning women sitting on chairs.  The central section has panels with cartouches containing arms, and four putti on pedestals holding torches.  The top stage consists of an urn standings on four volutes.  These are carved with the cherub's heads and acanthus leaves, and is surmounted by a torch finial.  The grading description describes the monument as being "outstanding".

External features

In the churchyard are a tomb chest and a headstone of two former workers at Waldershare Park. The chest tomb is that of William Hull, who died in 1756 and had been a gardener for 25 years, and the headstone is that of Mrs Elizabeth Harman, who died in 1772 and had been housekeeper for 40 years. Together they have been designated as a Grade II listed building.

See also
List of churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust in South East England

References

Further reading

External links

Kent Churches: Includes a photograph of the interior

Grade II* listed churches in Kent
Church of England church buildings in Kent
English churches with Norman architecture
English Gothic architecture in Kent
Churches preserved by the Churches Conservation Trust
Former Church of England church buildings

All Saints Church, Waldershare


Nu ("Watery One") or Nun ("The Inert One") is a deity in Ancient Egyptian religion. It looks like a human but represents the cosmic ocean which existed at the time of creation. Nu can be seen as the first of all the gods and the creator of reality. He can also destroy existence and return everything to how it was. Nu's partner was the goddess Nunet.

Egyptian gods and goddesses

Nu (mythology)


National Route 7 (), formerly called National Route 7A (QL7A) is a national highway in Vietnam which runs entirely in Nghệ An Province, North Central Vietnam. The 225 kilometer-long route runs from Diễn Châu (Diễn Châu District) northwestward across Yên Thành, Đô Lương, Anh Sơn, Con Cuông, Tương Dương, and Kỳ Sơn districts and reach the Laos-Vietnam border at Nậm Cắn. In Nậm Cắn, National Route 7 connects with National Route 7 of Laos.

The last segment from Đô Lương to Nậm Cắn runs through Western Nghe An biosphere reserve including a part of Annamite Range.

7
Nghệ An province

National Route 7 (Vietnam)


Robert S. Warshaw is an American law enforcement official and former Associate Director of the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy, commonly referred to as the "deputy drug czar."  Warshaw, appointed to the position in 1998, served under ONDCP Director Barry McCaffrey.  He previously served as Chief of the Rochester Police Department. Upon being appointed to the ONDCP, Warshaw was succeeded as police chief by Robert Duffy, later Mayor of Rochester and lieutenant governor of New York State.

Warshaw currently is a police management and corporate consultant; is an auditor for the United States Department of Justice in reviewing compliance with procedural revisions ordered by federal courts (e.g., federal oversight of the Oakland, CA police department); and is an evaluator for the Office of Oversight Commissioner, which oversees police operations in Northern Ireland.
In January 2014, Judge Snow appointed Robert Warshaw, former Rochester, New York, police chief, to act as monitor over the Maricopa County Sheriff's Office.

He is a former member of the Executive Committee of the International Association of Chiefs of Police.

Warshaw is a former officer in the United States Army and earned a bachelor's degree in sociology and a master's degree in human resources administration.

References

Living people
American police chiefs
People from Rochester, New York
Year of birth missing (living people)

Robert Warshaw