Ivywild, Colorado, is a subdivision of Colorado Springs south of the downtown, west of Cascade Avenue and along Cheyenne Creek.
As of 2015, the United States Geological Survey defines Ivywild as a Populated Place.
It is one of the city's oldest working-class neighborhoods.

Early history
Before Europeans settled in the area, Cheyenne set up tepees at the confluence of the Fountain and Cheyenne Creeks when they traveled through the area. About 1859, Irving Howbert and his family settled near the creeks. The following year, John Wolfe settled along Cheyenne Creek. The area was called Ivywild by 1879.

Ivywild was established in 1888 and platted by William B. Jenkins, a rancher and miner, who created 43 lots when he subdivided his ranch. His wife Annie named the town. She was a large stockholder of Ramona Mining Company. Her father, William Iles, was the Manager of Manitou Springs' first hotel, La Font. Ivywild had a post office by January 1892.

The Ivywild Improvement Society held annual meetings by 1898, when they discussed the high water rates and taxes. The organization filed suits in 1917 regarding public utility service to the community. Dorchester Park was named for Joseph Dorr, a water rights attorney, who established water rights for Cheyenne Canon and Ivywild. The Iowa native operated a hay farm after having settled in the area in 1874. The park is located across the creek from the site of Dorr's farm.

John H. Bacon, a mayor of Colorado Springs in 1880, lived in Ivywild by 1900.

Early 20th century
The Ivywild Elementary School was founded in 1901 with two bungalow buildings until 1916 when a brick building was constructed. The two bungalows were moved, one became the Edelweiss Restaurant and the other the Ivywild Presbyterian Church.

In 1902, Winfield Scott Stratton (1848-1902) and Thomas F. Burns purchased 10 acres along Cheyenne Boulevard from William B. Jenkins for $16,000 (). The equal partners purchased the land for the construction of baseball park called Boulevard Park, just west of Jenkins Pond (now Tejon Street and Cheyenne Boulevard).
The base ball park was built by Statton, but not completed until after his death. The Burns brothers (James and Thomas Burns) bought The Millionaires baseball club, and Thomas F. Burns was president of the club. The Colorado Springs Millionaires baseball team played at the park, often known as Base Ball Park, that sat 3,500 people. Boulevard Park, on the Colorado Springs and Interurban Railway's electric trolley route, was about a 5-minute trolley ride from the center of town.

Residents of Ivywild met at Jenkins' house on South Nevada Avenue to discuss the creation of a local government in 1902, when the community was governed by El Paso County, Colorado. It was reported that the time was right because "the growth of the pretty suburb has been steady." Plans were made later that year to begin to incorporate the town.

John Coughlin, a ward boss from Chicago, bought property in 1903 to invest in Ivywild development. He donated a carriage with fire equipment to the town in 1904. Coughlin built an amusement park, Cheyenne Springs Park and Zoo, at Alsace Way and 8th Street in 1906 at the cost of $75,000 (). A play entitled, Ivywild: The True Story of John "Bathhouse" Coughlin has been written about the man.

Charles Maddocks, who built houses in Ivywild from wood salvaged from Nikola Tesla's laboratory, bought Boulevard Park in 1904 when the Millionaires dissolved. He built bungalows, including Sears and other mail order homes. The Ivywild Pharmacy and Ivywild Grocery and Market were both doing business by 1916.

Annexation and current status
In 1960, Ivywild had 10,608 residents and was part of the 17,713 population of Cheyenne Mountain Division, was a census county division in El Paso County, Colorado. In 1977, residents voted not to create a village called Cheyenne Mountain by  consolidating the towns of Broadmoor, Skyway, Cheyenne Canon, and Ivywild.

A General Assembly bill in 1978 proposed consolidation of the suburbs into Colorado Springs. Ivywild was one of five Colorado Springs suburbs annexed into Colorado Springs in 1980. The others were Broadmoor, Skyway, Cheyenne Canon, and Stratton Meadows. The annexation added  and 20,000 people to the city's total area and population. The Colorado Supreme Court upheld the annexation in 1982.

Ivywild School mixed-use center
The Ivywild Elementary School and Ivywild Community Church closed in 2009. The former elementary school was made into a multi-use commercial and community center called Ivywild School in 2013. The remodeled  building has a delicatessen, brewery, pub, bakery, coffee shop, gift shop, and architectural office. The project was partially funded by the city under an urban renewal project.

Park
Ivywild Park, located at Navajo and Dorchester, was dedicated in 2005. The funding for the only neighborhood park in Ivywild was provided by a federal grant.

Notable people
 Jean Stafford, short story writer and novelist

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

Neighborhoods in El Paso County, Colorado
History of Colorado Springs, Colorado
Geography of Colorado Springs, Colorado

Ivywild, Colorado


Kisstory is a British digital radio station owned and operated by Bauer as part of the Kiss Network. Playing "old skool and anthems", it is a sister station to Kiss.

As of September 2023, the station has a weekly audience of 2.5 million listeners, according to RAJAR.

History
Kisstory is also a radio programme on Kiss that first aired and was presented by Streetboy on 28 Jan 2002. On 7 May 2013 Kisstory was expanded into a full-time station in response to positive feedback from listeners and at the expense of Q Radio. At the same time Kiss Fresh, a then brand-new station playing "non-stop new beats including Hip-Hop, R&B, EDM, House and Garage", was given its own station.

DAB availability

Initially, Kisstory was available over Freeview and online, but was unavailable via DAB radio receivers. In 2014, Bauer announced plans to roll out the Kisstory station over DAB digital radio to London and other areas.

Kisstory began DAB rollout in London on 12 December 2014 with the addition of the service (and sister station KissFresh) to the Greater London I multiplex.

The DAB service of Kisstory was rolled out to more areas of the country at the start of 2015, replacing Absolute Radio 60s in some areas (including Bauer's owned digital multiplexes in northern England) and added in new space on others; this formed part of a wider reshuffle of Bauer's digital offering, which also included the withdrawal of Kerrang! Radio from areas outside London, and the launch of Magic 105.4 FM as a national station over Digital One. Following the expanded rollout, the Kisstory station was available in areas including London, Birmingham, Cambridge, Dundee and Perth, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Humberside, Central Lancashire, Leeds, Liverpool, Kent, Northern Ireland, Nottingham, South Yorkshire, Stoke-on-Trent, Sussex, Swansea, Teesside  and Tyne and Wear.

From 29 February 2016 the Kisstory station was made available in DAB more-widely across the UK with the launch of the second national commercial DAB multiplex, Sound Digital. Some of the local-level DAB slots vacated by Kisstory were taken over by sister station Kiss Fresh, principally in those areas where Bauer operated or co-operated the local DAB ensemble.

On 11 February 2019, Kisstory migrated from SDL to the more-widely available Digital One multiplex, taking up the space vacated by Absolute Radio 90s moving in the other direction a week prior.

Norway
In February 2016, Kisstory was launched in Norway. The station (which does not have any presenters/DJs, just non-stop music) is managed by local teams and is broadcast with Kiss in DAB+  (48 kbit/s).

References

External links

Bauer Radio
Radio stations in London
Radio stations established in 2013
2013 establishments in England
1990s-themed radio stations
Kiss Network
Digital-only radio stations

Kisstory


George Franklin Blaeholder (January 26, 1904 – December 29, 1947) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball.

Blaeholder began his career in 1925 with the St. Louis Browns, but he pitched in just two innings that season. Back in the minors in 1926, he returned to the majors with the Browns in 1927, where he again saw limited duty, pitching only 9 innings. He spent most of the prior four seasons with the Tulsa Oilers. In 1928, he became a regular full-time pitcher, posting a 10–15 record and a 4.04 ERA in 214 innings. In 1929, Blaeholder posted arguably his best season, going 14–15 with a 4.18 earned run average and four shutouts. He won 10 or more games in 7 seasons with the Browns, but the Browns were a perennial losing team, and Blaeholder had only one non-losing season with the Browns (in 1932 when he went 14–14). During the 1935 season, he was traded to the Philadelphia Athletics for Sugar Cain and Ed Coleman. He went 6-10 for the Athletics that year. The following year, he played his final season with the Cleveland Indians, where he went 8–4, the only winning season of his career. After leaving the major leagues, Blaeholder spent the next six seasons with the minor league Milwaukee Brewers before retiring. He died shortly thereafter of liver cancer at age 43.

Blaeholder is most noted for popularizing the slider pitch. Pitchers had previously used the pitch, but not nearly as extensively as Blaeholder threw it, as the pitch was considered by pitchers at the time to ruin the arm.

References

External links

1904 births
1947 deaths
Major League Baseball pitchers
St. Louis Browns players
Philadelphia Athletics players
Cleveland Indians players
Baseball players from Orange, California

George Blaeholder


The Blue Note Jazz Club is a jazz club and restaurant located at 131 West 3rd Street in Greenwich Village, New York City.  The club's performance schedule features shows every evening at 8:00 pm and 10:30 pm and a Sunday jazz brunch.  The club has locations across the globe in New York, NY; Waikiki, Hawaii; Napa, CA; Tokyo, Japan; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; São Paulo, Brazil; Milan, Italy; Beijing and Shanghai, China.

History
The club was opened on September 30, 1981, by owner and founder Danny Bensusan, with the Nat Adderley Quintet being the featured performers for the night. Bensusan's belief was "that if he brought big acts into a comfortable environment with great food, he could pack the house night after night." The Blue Note was soon established as New York City's premier jazz club, with Dizzy Gillespie, Sarah Vaughan, Carmen McRae, Lionel Hampton, Oscar Peterson and the Modern Jazz Quartet among prestigious regular performers there. Bensusan booked Ray Charles for a full week every year. The Blue Note is still considered one of the world's most famous jazz venues and one of the best known and most expensive in New York. Chick Corea, Keith Jarrett, Oscar Peterson, Dizzy Gillespie, and James Carter have all recorded live albums at the Blue Note.

Half Note Records
Half Note Records is the Blue Note's live record label, founded in 2001. Numerous musicians have recorded live albums at the Blue Note and released them on this label, including James Carter, Avishai Cohen, Elvin Jones, Odean Pope, Charles Tolliver, Jeff "Tain" Watts, Kenny Werner, Arturo Sandoval, Kenny Garrett and others. Since its founding in 1998, the label has also expanded its scope to include studio releases, including McCoy Tyner's 2008 album Guitars and Kenny Werner's 2010 release, No Beginning, No End.

Festival

New York City
Blue Note Entertainment Group hosted the inaugural Blue Note Jazz Festival in New York City in June 2011, with more than 80 performances in 15 venues throughout New York City.  The annual, month-long event features artists who have been integral to the club's history, including Chris Botti, Dave Brubeck, McCoy Tyner, Nancy Wilson, and many others.

In 2023, the festival featured iconic headliners such as Grace Jones, NxWorries, Robert Glasper, Pat Metheny, Buddy Guy, Bruce Hornsby & The Noisemakers, Chucho Valdés & Paquito D'Rivera & more!

Napa Valley
Boasting an impressive lineup of cultural influencers, Blue Note Jazz Festival expanded to Napa Valley in 2022.  The festival lineup in 2023 is in tune to celebrate the influence of jazz on hip-hop for the past 50 years. True to the Blue Note's brand essence, the festival offers an intimate setting for guests to have an up-close and personal experience with the artists whether on stage or during one of the many activities.

Gallery

References

External links

 Official website
 Blue Note Napa website
 Blue Note Hawaii website

Jazz clubs in New York City
1981 establishments in New York City
Drinking establishments in Greenwich Village
Music venues completed in 1981

Blue Note Jazz Club


The Merkys () is a river in southern Lithuania and northern Belarus. It flows for  through Belarus,  along the Belarusian–Lithuanian border, and  through Lithuania before joining the Nemunas near Merkinė.

Merkys is mostly fed by underground streams and therefore is cooler during summers and has smaller fluctuations in water level than other rivers in Lithuania. Near Žagarinė ( before its mouth) the Merkys is connected with Lake Papys by a canal. The Vokė originates from this lake and consumes most of the Merkys' water. Before the canal average discharge of the Merkys is  and below it only . At the end of the 19th century the drainage basin of the  Merkys grew by some  as its tributary Ūla overtook some of the Kotra's watershed area.

The Merkys is a popular destination among water tourism enthusiasts as part of it belongs to the Dzūkija National Park and it flows into the Neman near the historical site of Merkinė. Archaeological findings show that people inhabited the area as early as the Mesolithic period. The Merkys is known for its diverse fauna, being declared a reservoir for trout in 1974.

Name
The name of the river, Merkys, originate from merkti, an appellative word in the Lithuanian language meaning to soak.

References

Rivers of Grodno Region
Rivers of Lithuania
International rivers of Europe
Rivers of Belarus

Merkys


Titanic is a 1953 American drama film directed by Jean Negulesco and starring Clifton Webb and Barbara Stanwyck. It centers on an estranged couple and other fictional passengers on the ill-fated maiden voyage of the , which took place in April 1912.

It was the first Titanic film for 20th Century Fox, which also released the 1997 film of the same title internationally, while Paramount Pictures handled the North American distribution. The film met critical praise.

Plot
At the last minute, Richard Sturges (Clifton Webb), a wealthy expatriate in Europe, offers a Basque emigrant money for his steerage-class ticket (the lowest class) for the maiden voyage of the RMS Titanic—and succeeds. Once aboard, he seeks out his runaway wife, Julia (Barbara Stanwyck). He discovers she is trying to take their two unsuspecting children, 18-year-old Annette (Audrey Dalton) and ten-year-old Norman (Harper Carter), to her hometown of Mackinac Island, Michigan, to rear them as down-to-earth Americans rather than rootless elitists like Richard himself.

As the ship is prepared for departure, Sanderson Anthony Eustrel, the company representative (based on Bruce Ismay) suggests to captain Edward J. Smith (Brian Aherne) that a record-setting speedy passage would be welcomed.

Other passengers include Maude Young (based on real-life Titanic survivor Margaret Brown), a wealthy woman of a working-class origin (Thelma Ritter); social-climbing Earl Meeker (Allyn Joslyn); a 20-year-old Purdue University tennis player, Gifford "Giff" Rogers (Robert Wagner); and George S. Healey (Richard Basehart), a Catholic priest who has been defrocked for alcoholism.

One night on the bridge, the Captain asks Second Officer Charles Lightoller (Edmund Purdom) about a note by Murdoch regarding binoculars; Lightoller explains that the ship is shy on binoculars: they have just enough for the bridge, but none for the lookout.

When Annette learns Julia's intentions, she insists on returning to Europe with Richard on the next ship as soon as they reach America. Julia concedes that Annette is old enough to make her own decisions, but she insists on keeping custody of Norman. This angers Richard, forcing Julia to reveal that Norman is not his son, but rather the result of a one-night stand after one of their many bitter arguments. Upon hearing that, Richard declares to make no claim to Norman and does not want to see him again.

He joins Maude, Earl, and George Widener in the lounge to play auction bridge with them. The next morning, when Norman reminds him of a shuffleboard game they had arranged, he coldly brushes him off.

Meanwhile, Giff falls for Annette at first glance. At first she repulses his brash attempts to become better acquainted, but eventually warms to him. That night, Giff, Annette, and a group of young people sing and play the piano in the dining room, while Captain Smith watches from a corner table.

Second Officer Charles Lightoller expresses his concern to Captain Smith about the ship's speed when they receive two messages from other ships warning of iceberg sightings near their route. However, Smith assures him that the sea is clear and that the track is south of the reported icefield.

That night, the lookout spots an iceberg dead ahead. The crew tries to steer clear of danger, but the ship is gashed below the waterline and begins taking on water. When Richard finds Captain Smith, he insists on being told the truth: The ship is doomed and there are not enough lifeboats for everyone on board. He tells his family to dress warmly but properly; then they head outside.

Richard and Julia have a tearful reconciliation on the boat deck, as he places her, Annette, and Norman into a lifeboat. Unnoticed by Julia, Norman gives up his seat to an older woman and goes looking for Richard. When one of the lines becomes tangled, preventing the boat from being lowered, Giff climbs down and fixes it, only to lose his grip and fall into the water. Unconscious but alive, he is dragged onto the boat.

Meeker disguises himself as a woman to board a lifeboat, but Maude Young notices his shoes and unmasks him in front of the others. At the other end of the spectrum of courage and unselfishness, George Healey heads down into one of the boiler rooms to comfort injured crewmen.

As the Titanic is in her final moments, Norman and Richard find each other. Richard tells a passing steward that Norman is his "son" and then tells Norman that he has been proud of him every day of his life. Then they join the rest of the doomed passengers and the crew in singing the hymn "Nearer, My God, to Thee".  As the last boiler explodes, the Titanics bow plunges, pivoting her stern high into the air while she rapidly slides into the icy water. As dawn approaches, the survivors are seen in the lifeboats, waiting for help to arrive.

Cast

Production

Development
Walter Reisch says Darryl F. Zanuck called him and Charles Brackett in and told them, "I have Clifton Webb under contract, and we have CinemaScope, and I now want to do something big...Don't make Clifton a clown. I want him to start a new career as a character actor. Use all the young people we have on the lot, like Audrey Dalton and Robert Wagner..."

Reisch says he came up with the Titanic idea and pitched Clifton Webb as one of the 25 multi-millionaires who died on it. He said the film would be "60 percent truth, completely documentary" drawing on real-life accounts. A part was written for Thelma Ritter. Reisch says it was Richard Breen's idea to have an alcoholic priest.

Brackett, who co-wrote and produced the film, told the press that some of the stories had to be discarded "because they are too fantastic for movie audiences to believe". At one point the film was going to be called Nearer My God to Thee.

Filming began in late October 1952 and wrapped in early December 1952.

Casting
In a September 1952 news article, it was reported that Terry Moore was set to play the role of Annette Sturges, on condition that she would finish production of Man on a Tightrope on time.

Critical reception
According to the film aggregator website, Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a 91% "Fresh" rating, based on 10 reviews.

Variety reviewed the film positively stating, "but by the time the initial 45 or 50 minutes are out of the way, the impending disaster begins to take a firm grip on the imagination and builds a compelling expectancy".

Pauline Kael was not impressed with the picture's special effects.  She wrote: "the actual sinking looks like a nautical tragedy on the pond in Central Park".

It is generally considered by historians that Titanic contains abundant historical inaccuracies. For example, the maiden voyage was not sold out, but actually barely more than half-booked, as shown by White Star Line records of 1912. Linda Koldau writes: "[...] the Titanic was far from being sold out and an additional passenger would easily have been able to purchase a first-class ticket ...  Yet if one accepts that historical accuracy is not the point here, since the story is not at all that of the Titanic, it is a perfectly functioning script".

Also, Carpathia had arrived at the scene at around 4:10 a.m., and started picking up the survivors before sunrise. The rescue took several hours. In addition, Captain Smith was not awake at the time of the ship's allision with the iceberg, as shown in the film, but was awakened immediately thereafter and summoned to the bridge. By the way, the film shows, erroneously, how the iceberg penetrates the ship's port side.

The wireless from the Caronia warning Titanic of an iceberg ahead of it on the steamer track was never shown by the wireless operator Jack Phillips to the Captain or other officers, but in the film Phillips does show it to Captain Smith and First Officer Charles Lightoller, who then wonders in the film whether that is the same iceberg north of the steamer track previously warned of in a wireless from the Baltic, which Phillips had shown to his superior officers.

During the evacuation, the ship consistently blows its steam whistle and sounds a fire alarm. Titanic did not blow its whistle at all during the sinking and never had any alarms either.

The film makers decided to have the Titanic's band playing Londonderry Air and eventually Nearer, My God, to Thee (with the remaining passengers joining in), and not to mention the ship Californian that was in the vicinity of the real Titanic at the fatal night.

Titanic experts Fitch, Layton and Wormstedt judge that the film has some impressive special effects and in some ways recreates the feeling of being on board the Titanic. However, the film is not very accurate, although the advertising claimed the opposite. Most of the events shown are dramatically exaggerated or simply wrong.

Awards and nominations
The film won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, and was nominated for the Best Art Direction. The film was also nominated for the Directors Guild of America Award.

References

External links

1953 films
1950s disaster films
1950s historical films
1953 romantic drama films
American black-and-white films
American disaster films
American historical films
American romantic drama films
Films about RMS Titanic
American films based on actual events
Films directed by Jean Negulesco
Films produced by Charles Brackett
Films set in the 20th century
Films set in 1912
Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award
Romantic period films
Seafaring films based on actual events
Films with screenplays by Charles Brackett
20th Century Fox films
Films scored by Sol Kaplan
1950s English-language films
1950s American films

Titanic (1953 film)


Neve McIntosh (born Carol McIntosh; 9 April 1972) is a Scottish actress.

Early life
Born in Paisley, Renfrewshire, McIntosh grew up in Edinburgh, where she attended Boroughmuir High School. She was a member of Edinburgh Youth Theatre in the late 1980s, appearing in Mother Goose and Doctor in the House. She moved to Glasgow to attend the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama, after which she was in repertory companies at Perth and at The Little Theatre on the Isle of Mull.

During the Second World War McIntosh's grandfather was captured at Dunkirk and died of pneumonia in a German prisoner-of-war camp in Poland.

Acting career

Theatre
In 1995, she starred in a Glasgow stage production of The Barber of Seville. She then played in the RSC production of Dickens' Great Expectations, and starred as Portia in Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, and in The Scent of Roses at the Lyceum in Edinburgh.

In summer 2009 she performed in the Sylvia Plath play Three Women at the Edinburgh Festival. In February 2010, McIntosh appeared as the lead character "Catherine" in the play Proof at Perth Theatre. In September 2011, she played Goneril in a production of King Lear at the West Yorkshire Playhouse in Leeds. McIntosh appeared in the Actors Touring Company production of David Greig's The Events in mid-2013, also appearing in a production in New York in early 2015.

She appeared in the play Meet Me at Dawn in the 2017 Edinburgh International Festival, for which she received praise.

Film
She also appeared in American director Mark L. Feinsod's first film, Love And Lung Cancer. Alongside her television work she has appeared in the films Gypsy Woman and One Last Chance. In 2008 and 2009 McIntosh starred in several films, including Salvage, Spring 1941, (with co-star Joseph Fiennes) and the award-winning The Be All and End All.

Television
McIntosh played Beryl Stapleton in the 2002 BBC version of The Hound of the Baskervilles, and Fuchsia in the 2000 BBC and WGBH Boston production of Gormenghast, a miniseries based on the first two books of the trilogy by Mervyn Peake. She also played the title role in Lady Audley's Secret.

She appeared in the first British Sky Broadcasting-produced "Doc Martin" prequel (in which the Martin Clunes character was named Bamford, rather than his later name Ellingham), as a lonely villager with an asthmatic son, to whom Martin is attracted.

In 2004, McIntosh starred in Bodies, a medical drama produced by BBC Three and based on the book Bodies by Jed Mercurio. She has also appeared in several other television dramas, including Psychos, Ghost Squad, Marple, Murder City, Bodies-2 and Low Winter Sun. She also recorded an episode of Law & Order: UK.

In December 2009 McIntosh appeared in an episode of Sky 1's 10 Minute Tales playing the wife of Peter Capaldi's character.

In May 2010, McIntosh appeared in two episodes of the 2010 series of Doctor Who, beside the Doctor played by Matt Smith. She plays Alaya and Restac, two Silurian sisters who have been disturbed under the earth, one captured by humans and the other demanding vengeance. In October 2010, she starred alongside former Doctor Who star, David Tennant, in Single Father, a BBC drama. She portrayed the part of Anna, the sister of the dead wife of Tennant's character (Dave).

McIntosh returned as a new Silurian character, Madame Vastra, in the Doctor Who Series 6 mid-series episode "A Good Man Goes to War", which aired in the UK on 4 June 2011. The character is a sword-wielding, human-eating late Victorian crime fighter, and an old friend of The Doctor.

Neve McIntosh appeared in Ripper Street for one episode in the November 2013 episode 3 "Become Man" where she played the character Raine. She also appeared as Janina for 2 episodes of Dracula – a British-American horror drama TV series that premièred on NBC on 25 October 2013. The series aired in the United Kingdom from 31 October 2013, to 16 January 2014, on Sky Living.

McIntosh appeared in the BBC One series Case Histories as Joanna Hunter which aired in June 2011. She also starred in season 2 of the BBC Three drama, Lip Service, as a love interest of one of the main characters, Sadie.

McIntosh returned to Doctor Who in the 2012 Christmas special, and in the episodes "The Crimson Horror" and "The Name of the Doctor". In each of these episodes, she reprises her role as Madame Vastra, who along with her wife, Jenny Flint, and Strax, a former Sontaran nurse, form an investigating team. While there is a suggestive chemistry between Vastra and her chambermaid Jenny, in "A Good Man Goes to War", the later episodes explicitly mention that Vastra and Jenny are married.

In 2017, McIntosh played Kay Gillies in the BBC One drama The Replacement. She played Kate Kilmuir in Series 4 of the BBC drama Shetland.

In 2023 McIntosh joined the cast of All Creatures Great and Small (2020 TV series) in Series 4, playing bookkeeper Miss Harbottle.

Doctor Who appearances
"The Hungry Earth"/"Cold Blood" (2010) – Alaya / Restac
"A Good Man Goes to War" (2011) – Madame Vastra
"The Great Detective" (2012, minisode) – Madame Vastra
"Vastra Investigates" (2012, minisode) – Madame Vastra
"The Snowmen" (2012) – Madame Vastra
"The Battle of Demon's Run: Two Days Later" (2013) – Madame Vastra
"The Crimson Horror" (2013) – Madame Vastra
"The Name of the Doctor" (2013) – Madame Vastra
"Doctor Who Prom" (2013) – Madame Vastra
"Deep Breath" (2014) – Madame Vastra

Personal life
McIntosh was married to Alex Sahla, a cameraman, whom she met while filming the 1999 TV series Psychos. They separated in 2006, and their divorce was finalised in 2009.

Filmography

Radio

Stage

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
Actresses from Edinburgh
Actresses from Paisley, Renfrewshire
Alumni of the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland
People educated at Boroughmuir High School
Scottish television actresses
Scottish stage actresses
Scottish film actresses
21st-century Scottish actresses

Neve McIntosh


The Apex Union Depot is a historic railroad station located on Salem Street in downtown Apex, North Carolina and is the centerpiece of the Apex Historic District. Constructed in 1914 by the Seaboard Air Line Railroad, the building shared service with the Durham and Southern Railway, but now houses the Apex Visitor's Center, Apex Chamber of Commerce, and meeting rooms rented out for special events. A 37-foot (11.3 m) Louisville and Nashville Railroad caboose is located beside the building. In December 1998 the Apex Union Depot was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The history of Apex revolves around the railroads and station. The town was named for being the highest point on the Chatham Railroad line between Richmond, Virginia and Jacksonville, Florida. In 1854 the first Apex railroad station was chartered. Over the next two decades, the land surrounding the station was developed and the town of Apex was incorporated in 1873. A new train depot was built in 1906 to accommodate the town's growth, but burned down in 1914. Later that year, the current facility was constructed. During the Great Depression, economic difficulties were responsible for a decrease in rail traffic. By 1934, only four stops were made at the Apex Union Depot. The decline continued until the 1960s when the Depot was closed and the building became the town's library. After a new library was built in 1996, the depot was renovated by the Apex Chamber of Commerce for use as its offices and a visitors' center. Freight trains and Amtrak's Silver Star pass by the station each day, with passenger trains stopping in nearby Cary.

Apex Union Depot is an example of Late Victorian architecture and features a double fireplace, ticket windows, and the original switchmen's lanterns. The brick building was originally designed to segregate white and black riders. White people used a waiting room located on the left side of the depot. Women who were traveling alone used a room located behind one of the fireplaces.

See also
 List of Registered Historic Places in North Carolina

References

Apex, North Carolina
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1914
Victorian architecture in North Carolina
Buildings and structures in Wake County, North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Wake County, North Carolina
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Union stations in the United States
Former Seaboard Air Line Railroad stations
Tourist attractions in Apex, North Carolina
Former railway stations in North Carolina

Apex Union Depot


In mathematics, a Boolean ring  is a ring for which  for all  in , that is, a ring that consists of only idempotent elements. An example is the ring of integers modulo 2.

Every Boolean ring gives rise to a Boolean algebra, with ring multiplication corresponding to conjunction or meet , and ring addition to exclusive disjunction or symmetric difference (not disjunction , which would constitute a semiring).  Conversely, every Boolean algebra gives rise to a Boolean ring.  Boolean rings are named after the founder of Boolean algebra, George Boole.

Notation
There are at least four different and incompatible systems of notation for Boolean rings and algebras:
 In commutative algebra the standard notation is to use  for the ring sum of  and , and use  for their product.
 In logic, a common notation is to use  for the meet (same as the ring product) and use  for the join, given in terms of ring notation (given just above) by .
 In set theory and logic it is also common to use  for the meet, and  for the join .  This use of  is different from the use in ring theory.
 A rare convention is to use  for the product and  for the ring sum, in an effort to avoid the ambiguity of .

Historically, the term "Boolean ring" has been used to mean a "Boolean ring possibly without an identity", and "Boolean algebra" has been used to mean a Boolean ring with an identity.  The existence of the identity is necessary to consider the ring as an algebra over the field of two elements: otherwise there cannot be a (unital) ring homomorphism of the field of two elements into the Boolean ring. (This is the same as the old use of the terms "ring" and "algebra" in measure theory.)

Examples
One example of a Boolean ring is the power set of any set , where the addition in the ring is symmetric difference, and the multiplication is intersection. As another example, we can also consider the set of all finite or cofinite subsets of , again with symmetric difference and intersection as operations. More generally with these operations any field of sets is a Boolean ring. By Stone's representation theorem every Boolean ring is isomorphic to a field of sets (treated as a ring with these operations).

Relation to Boolean algebras

Since the join operation  in a Boolean algebra is often written additively, it makes sense in this context to denote ring addition by , a symbol that is often used to denote exclusive or.

Given a Boolean ring , for  and  in  we can define
 ,
 ,
 .

These operations then satisfy all of the axioms for meets, joins, and complements in a Boolean algebra. Thus every Boolean ring becomes a Boolean algebra.  Similarly, every Boolean algebra becomes a Boolean ring thus:

If a Boolean ring is translated into a Boolean algebra in this way, and then the Boolean algebra is translated into a ring, the result is the original ring. The analogous result holds beginning with a Boolean algebra.

A map between two Boolean rings is a ring homomorphism if and only if it is a homomorphism of the corresponding Boolean algebras. Furthermore, a subset of a Boolean ring is a ring ideal (prime ring ideal, maximal ring ideal) if and only if it is an order ideal (prime order ideal, maximal order ideal) of the Boolean algebra. The quotient ring of a Boolean ring modulo a ring ideal corresponds to the factor algebra of the corresponding Boolean algebra modulo the corresponding order ideal.

Properties of Boolean rings
Every Boolean ring  satisfies  for all  in , because we know

and since  is an abelian group, we can subtract  from both sides of this equation, which gives . A similar proof shows that every Boolean ring is commutative:
  and this yields , which means  (using the first property above).

The property  shows that any Boolean ring is an associative algebra over the field  with two elements, in precisely one way. In particular, any finite Boolean ring has as cardinality a power of two. Not every unital associative algebra over  is a Boolean ring: consider for instance the polynomial ring .

The quotient ring  of any Boolean ring  modulo any ideal  is again a Boolean ring. Likewise, any subring of a Boolean ring is a Boolean ring.

Any localization  of a Boolean ring  by a set  is a Boolean ring, since every element in the localization is idempotent.

The maximal ring of quotients  (in the sense of Utumi and Lambek) of a Boolean ring  is a Boolean ring, since every partial endomorphism is idempotent.

Every prime ideal  in a Boolean ring  is maximal: the quotient ring  is an integral domain and also a Boolean ring, so it is isomorphic to the field , which shows the maximality of . Since maximal ideals are always prime, prime ideals and maximal ideals coincide in Boolean rings.

Every finitely generated ideal of a Boolean ring is principal (indeed, . Furthermore, as all elements are idempotents, Boolean rings are commutative von Neumann regular rings and hence absolutely flat, which means that every module over them is flat.

Unification
Unification in Boolean rings is decidable, that is, algorithms exist to solve arbitrary equations over Boolean rings. Both unification and matching in finitely generated free Boolean rings are NP-complete, and both are NP-hard in finitely presented Boolean rings. (In fact, as any unification problem  in a Boolean ring can be rewritten as the matching problem , the problems are equivalent.)

Unification in Boolean rings is unitary if all the uninterpreted function symbols are nullary and finitary otherwise (i.e. if the function symbols not occurring in the signature of Boolean rings are all constants then there exists a most general unifier, and otherwise the minimal complete set of unifiers is finite).

See also
 Ring sum normal form

Notes

Citations

References

External links
 John Armstrong, Boolean Rings

Ring theory
Boolean algebra

Boolean ring


A sloop is a sailboat usually with one mast and fore-and-aft rigged sails. It can also describe a square rigged sailing ship of two or more masts which is sometimes called a sloop of war. The French called them corvettes. Originally the definition of a sloop was vague. A 1750 book said sloops "are sailed and masted as men's fancies lead them, sometimes with one mast, with two, and with three." Modern recreational sloops are almost always one-masted sailing ships with fore-and-aft sails. Their simple layout makes them popular with amateur sailors. The sloop is a manageable sailboat layout up to a length of about .

History
The sloop design dates back to the early part of the 17th century. By the 20th century they became very popular. Their main advantages are their ease of handling and ability to sail upwind (into the wind).

An early 17th century design was the Bermuda sloop, so-named for the Bermuda trade with North America. It was designed to be fast and could sail in both directions. They needed to be fast to outrun French privateers. The hull was made from Bermuda cedar. The wood was light and resisted rot. They had from one to three masts.

Most modern sailboats are based on the Bermuda sloop design. The Bermuda rig replaced the earlier gaff rig which used a four-cornered sail (instead of a triangular sail) and a spar. A gaff rig design allows more sail on a mast. Another advantage is the gaff rig and other early designs can spill wind faster in a blow (heavy wind).

The sloop of war was the most numerous design in the Royal Navy by the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Yet very little has been written about them or their French counterpart, the Corvettes. Later, the United States used sloops of war. The Royal Navy used the class of "sloop" right up until the end of World War II. The sailing sloop, like its larger cousin the frigate, were fast and used in a variety of roles. They were not usually used in battle, but were more often used for support in reconnaissance and for carrying messages. They were probably the best of the Royal Navy sailing ships for maneuverability and could function in all but the roughest sea conditions.

Related pages

 Frigate
 Schooner
 Brig
 Brigantine
 Cutter (boat)
 J-class yacht
 Lugger
 Keelboat
 Yacht
 Skerry cruiser
 Smack (ship)
 Yawl
 Thames sailing barge
 Pocket cruiser

Reference

Other websites
 Class B Bahamian Racing Sloop "Tari Anne"; YouTube
 19th century Sloop of War U.S.S Constellation; YouTube

Sailing
Boats

Sloop


The Progress D-18T (or Lotarev D-18T) is a  high-bypass turbofan that powers the Antonov An-124 Ruslan and An-225 large freighters.

Design and development

The engine was developed in the second half of the 1970s by the then Soviet Ivchenko-Progress design bureau. It is manufactured by the Motor Sich factory in Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. It was the first engine in the USSR that could deliver more than 20,000 kgf (~196 kN or ~44,000 lbf) of thrust.
The first start of a full-scale engine occurred on September 19, 1980, the An-124 maiden flight on December 24, 1982 and the engine passed official bench tests on December 19, 1985.

An upgraded 3M version was developed to reduce emissions and increase the life of the hot section to 14,000 h, and is introduced on An-124s of Antonov Airlines.
Currently 188 D-18T engines are in operation with a total flight time of over 1 million hours.

Incidents

In March 2020 Ukrainian authorities ordered a one time inspection of all D-18T engine intermediate pressure compressor disks following an uncontained engine failure.  Inspections were required to be carried out within six months.  On 13 November 2020 a Volga-Dnepr Airlines An-124 had an uncontained failure of the inboard left (number 2) D-18T engine.

Applications

 Antonov An-124
 Antonov An-225 (destroyed 2022)

Specifications (D-18T)

See also

References

External links

 D-18T Series 3 Turbofan Aero Engine - SE Ivchenko-Progress

Ivchenko-Progress aircraft engines
High-bypass turbofan engines
1980s turbofan engines
Three-spool turbofan engines

Progress D-18T


TV Mayhem was a short-lived British children's Saturday morning television series that was originally a replacement for Hey Hey It's Saturday after it was cancelled and aired from September 1991 for just six weeks on the breakfast television channel TV-am.

The show was presented by Chris Evans, who later went on to co-host The Big Breakfast in 1992 on Channel 4.

Cartoons that were aired included all the animated segments from Wake, Rattle and Roll (which were Fender Bender 500 and Monster Tails) and Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventures.

It was due to last 40 weeks but was cancelled after TV-am lost its licence to GMTV, then known as Sunrise Television, on 16 October.

Neither Hey Hey It's Saturday nor TV Mayhem ever enjoyed the success of the Wide Awake Club or WAC '90. Despite this, both shows are fondly remembered by those who watched them.

After TV Mayhem got axed, TV-am replaced it with a new Saturday morning block programme for children called Cartoon World, which as the name suggests, only showed cartoons. This ran from November 1991 to TV-am's demise in December 1992.

References

British children's television series
ITV children's television shows
1990s British children's television series
1991 British television series debuts
1991 British television series endings
TV-am original programming
English-language television shows

TV Mayhem


Jarmil Michael Burghauser (born Jarmil Michael Mokrý, 21 October 1921, Písek19 February 1997, Prague) was a Czech composer, conductor, and musicologist.

Burghauser's parents were painters František Viktor Mokrý and Zdenka Burghauserová. He studied piano since he was 6 years old under Jaroslav Křička and later Otakar Jeremiáš. He continued his musical education by studying composition with Václav Talich at Prague Conservatory. From 1948 to 1953 Burghauser was a choirmaster in National Theatre.

After the short-lived Prague Spring, he incurred the disfavor of his country's Communist regime and had to adopt the pseudonym Michal Hájků in order to write a series of compositions in a style which evoked earlier periods of music, called Storia apocrifa della musica Boema.

Works

Operas
 Alladina and Palomid (1943–1944)
 The Miser (1949)
 Karolinka a lhář (1950–1953)
 The Bridge (1963–1964)

Ballets
 Honza a čert (1954)
 The Servant of Two Masters (1957)
 Tristram and Isolde (1969)

Film scores
 Premiera (1947)
 Z mého života (1955)
 Legenda o lásce (1961)
 Labakan (1961)
 Kde řeky mají slunce (1961)
 Místo v houfu (1964)
 Polka jede do světa (1965)
 Jarní vody (1968)

Cataloguing of  Dvořák's works

Burghauser created a reliable catalog of works by Antonín Dvořák. It is to replace the traditional  opus number, which is not only incomplete but also confusing for the case of Dvořák. Today academic references to Dvořák's works often use the Burghauser number from the catalogue.

See also
 List of compositions by Antonín Dvořák by catalogue number

Czech composers
Czech male composers
Czech conductors (music)
Male conductors (music)
Czech musicologists
Classical music catalogues
People from Písek
1921 births
1997 deaths
20th-century conductors (music)
20th-century composers
20th-century musicologists
20th-century Czech male musicians
Prague Conservatory alumni

Jarmil Burghauser


The Laïta () is a river in Brittany in northwestern France. It was the traditional border between the medieval realms or counties of Cornouaille and Gwened and now forms part of the border between the departments of  Finistère and Morbihan. Properly speaking, it is formed at the confluence of the Ellé and Isole at Quimperlé, whence it flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Guidel. Informally, the Ellé is sometimes considered its upper course.

References

0Laita
Rivers of France
Rivers of Finistère
Rivers of Brittany

Laïta


Mass Appeal: The Best of Gang Starr is a greatest hits album by hip hop duo Gang Starr released by Virgin/EMI Records on December 26, 2006. It is named after the popular Gang Starr song "Mass Appeal," which is one of the eighteen tracks on the album. The limited-edition version of this album contains two bonus tracks on the first disc and a bonus disc with 11 music videos in DVD format. The music videos range are taken from all Gang Starr albums excluding No More Mr. Nice Guy and are arranged in chronological order. The tracks on disc one are not arranged in chronological order but are taken from every Gang Starr album. Mass Appeal: Best of Gang Starr differs from the group's first greatest hits compilation, Full Clip: A Decade of Gang Starr, because it contains a bonus disc of music videos and it contains tracks from The Ownerz. Also, there are no previously unreleased tracks on Mass Appeal excluding the two bonus tracks, which appeared on the Japanese version of The Ownerz.

Track listing

Disc 1
 "Manifest"
 "Step In The Arena"
 "Put Up Or Shut Up" (featuring Krumbsnatcha)
 "Skills"
 "Code Of The Streets"
 "Ex Girl To Next Girl"
 "Soliloquy Of Chaos"
 "The Militia" (featuring Big Shug & Freddie Foxxx)
 "Above The Clouds" (featuring Inspectah Deck)
 "Check The Technique"
 "Royalty" (featuring K-Ci & JoJo)
 "Lovesick"
 "Take It Personal"
 "Now You're Mine"
 "Just To Get A Rep" (Short Version)
 "B.Y.S."
 "Mass Appeal"
 "DWYCK" (featuring Nice & Smooth)
 "Natural" (Bonus Track)
 "Tha Squeeze" (Bonus Track)

Limited Edition DVD
 "Step In the Arena"
 "Just to Get a Rep"
 "Ex Girl to Next Girl"
 "Take It Personal"
 "Code of the Streets"
 "Mass Appeal"
 "The Militia"
 "Full Clip"
 "Discipline" (featuring Total)
 "Nice Girl, Wrong Place"
 "Skillz"

References

Hip hop compilation albums
Gang Starr albums
Albums produced by DJ Premier
2006 greatest hits albums
2006 video albums
Music video compilation albums
Virgin Records compilation albums
Virgin Records video albums

Mass Appeal: the Best of Gang Starr


Serlo II (also Sarlo, Serlone in Italian and Serlon in French : after 1027/35 – 1072), son and namesake of Serlo of Hauteville and grandson of Tancred of Hauteville, went to seek his fortunes in the Mezzogiorno along with his numerous uncles and cousins, following Roger around 1056, for he is found in Calabria in 1060.

He joined Roger's expedition to Sicily in 1060 and, the next year, he routed the Saracens at Cape Farò, preventing their retreat to Messina. This expedition ended, however, in failure. Serlo accompanied Roger on his 1065 expedition as well, and there he was one of the commanders, being given charge of holding the town of Cerami when the Saracens surprised them there. He was holding off reinforcements from the central stronghold of Enna when, in 1071, Palermo itself fell. In 1072, he and his small band of followers were ambushed near Nicosia by a large Saracen army. They managed to climb to the flat top of a large rock, where they fought to the last man. The rock was commemorated with a large carving of a cross and was remembered as the Pietra di Serlone, "Serlo's Rock", until it was demolished in the 1960s by a construction firm.

He was made lord of Gerace, Serrata, Surito, and Cerami soon before his death, but he never took up control of his fiefs. He was married to Altruda, daughter of Rudolf, count of Boiano, and had two children: Serlo III and Eliusa. His widow remarried to Ingelmarius.

Notes

References

External links
 Le origine della "Rocca di Sarro" (Serlo's Rock)

Italo-Normans
Norman warriors
11th-century births
1072 deaths
Nicosia, Sicily

Serlo II of Hauteville


Kitty is a 1929 British drama film directed by Victor Saville and starring Estelle Brody and John Stuart.  The film was adapted from the 1927 novel of the same name by Warwick Deeping and marked the third co-star billing of Brody and Stuart, who had previously proved a very popular screen pairing in Mademoiselle from Armentieres (1926) and Hindle Wakes (1927).

Kitty was initially planned and filmed as a silent, but after its original release Saville decided to reshoot the latter part with sound. As no suitable facilities were yet available in Britain, Saville, Brody and Stuart travelled to New York to shoot the new sequences at RKO Studios. The film was released in the form of a silent which switched to sound three quarters of the way through.

Plot
In pre-World War I London, handsome young aviator Alex St. George (Stuart) meets and falls in love with shopgirl Kitty Greenwood (Brody). He asks her to marry him, to the horror of his snobbish, class-bound mother (Dorothy Cumming), who is appalled by the notion of her son marrying into a family who run a tobacconists shop. Before the wedding can take place, war breaks out and Alex is called up to serve as a pilot.

Seeing her opportunity to sabotage the relationship, Mrs. St. George sets about trying to poison Alex's mind against Kitty by feeding him via letter a string of malicious and false tales about Kitty's behaviour, alleging that in his absence she is frequently to be seen around town flirting and behaving in an improper manner with other young men. Alex becomes so unnerved and distraught about his mother's stories that his concentration is affected and he crashes his plane, suffering not only critical injuries which leave him in danger of paralysis, but also amnesia.

Alex is repatriated to England for treatment and faces a long and painful physical rehabilitation and the struggle to regain his memory, while at the same time a battle of wills is being waged by his mother and Kitty, both trying to convince him that the other is lying. Eventually Kitty succeeds in rekindling his love for her, and Mrs. St. George is crushed.

Cast
 Estelle Brody as Kitty Greenwood
 John Stuart as Alex St. George
 Dorothy Cumming as Mrs. St. George
 Marie Ault as Sarah Greenwood
 Winter Hall as John Furnival
 Olaf Hytten as Leaper
 Charles O'Shaugnessy as Reuben
 Elwood Fleet Bostwick as Dr. Dazely
 Gibb McLaughlin as Electrician
 Rex Maurice as Dr. Drake
 Moore Marriott as Workman

Historical significance
Kitty, released in May 1929, is sometimes cited as the first British sound film as it was released in cinemas before Alfred Hitchcock's Blackmail, the other candidate for the honour. But that date only actually applies to its first silent version; the film was soon withdrawn from exhibition and retooled as a part-talkie, following the release of Blackmail. Furthermore, opponents of its claim point out that the sound portion of Kitty was filmed in the US, whereas Blackmail was filmed entirely in the UK. Drawing the distinction between "first British film with sound" and "first sound film made in Britain", this view holds that the latter is the true definition of the term and the distinction therefore goes to Blackmail.

See also
 List of early sound feature films (1926–1929)

References

External links

1929 films
1929 drama films
British silent feature films
Films shot at British International Pictures Studios
Films directed by Victor Saville
British black-and-white films
Films based on British novels
Films set in England
Films set in London
Films set in France
British World War I films
British drama films
Transitional sound drama films
British aviation films
1920s English-language films
1920s British films
English-language drama films

Kitty (1929 film)