Ernest "Ernie" Coleman (4 January 1908 – 20 January 1984) was an English footballer who played as a centre forward.

Career
Born in Blidworth, Nottinghamshire, Coleman started his career as a youth playing for Hucknall. After being turned down by Nottingham Forest he joined Halifax Town of the Third Division North in 1927. He scored five times in nineteen appearances, enough to catch the attention of Grimsby Town of the Second Division, joining them in March 1928. In just eight appearances in the 1928-29 season he scored seven times, helping Grimsby reach the First Division. Coleman remained at Grimsby for the next three seasons, and was Grimsby's top scorer in 1930-31 and 1931-32, and in March 1932 was signed by Herbert Chapman for £7,500 to join the reigning league champions, Arsenal; he made 85 league appearances for Grimsby, scoring 57 goals.

Intended as a replacement for Jack Lambert, Coleman made his Arsenal debut in a 2–1 win against Leicester City at Highbury on 5 March 1932 and played a total of six games that season, as Arsenal finished runners-up to Everton. In his first full season at the club, 1932-33, Coleman scored 24 times in just 27 league games, including two hat-tricks as Arsenal reclaimed their title, earning Coleman a championship medal. However, his form dropped in 1933-34 and he only scored once in 12 league appearances, though he played as they won the 1933 FA Charity Shield. The signing of Ted Drake in March 1934 meant Coleman was forced out of the Arsenal team, and he signed for Middlesbrough in August 1934. In total he had played 47 games for Arsenal, scoring 26 goals.

Coleman spent three seasons with Middlesbrough, scoring 21 goals in 85 league appearances, before finishing his career with Norwich City. After the Second World War, he was manager of Linby Colliery he left Linby to manage Notts County and saved them from relegation from the Football League. He died in 1984, aged 76.

Footnotes

References

1908 births
1984 deaths
People from Blidworth
Footballers from Nottinghamshire
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Halifax Town A.F.C. players
Grimsby Town F.C. players
Arsenal F.C. players
Middlesbrough F.C. players
Norwich City F.C. players
English football managers
Notts County F.C. managers

Ernie Coleman


The Ferrari 458 Italia is a mid-engined sports caur produced bi the Italian sports caur manufacturer Ferrari. The 458 Italia replaces the Ferrari F430.

The 458 Italia wis offeecially unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show on 15 September 2009, an costs aroond £170,000 (Base MSRP o $230,675 for US mercat).

458

Ferrari 458 Italia


James Robert McMahon Jr. (born August 21, 1959) is an American former football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 15 seasons, most notably with the Chicago Bears. McMahon played college football for the BYU Cougars, winning the Davey O'Brien Award and the Sammy Baugh Trophy as a senior. He was selected by the Bears fifth overall in the 1982 NFL Draft.

McMahon achieved his greatest professional success with the 1985 Bears team that won the franchise's first Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XX. He also received Pro Bowl honors during the season. However, upon suffering a shoulder injury the following season, McMahon struggled with injuries throughout the rest of his career. After his seven years in Chicago, McMahon played for the San Diego Chargers, Philadelphia Eagles, Minnesota Vikings, Arizona Cardinals, and Green Bay Packers. He spent his final seasons in a backup role, including on the Packers team that won Super Bowl XXXI. McMahon was inducted to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1998.

Early years
McMahon was born in Jersey City, New Jersey. He moved with his family to San Jose, California, when he was three. Growing up, McMahon played all sports in his neighborhood, encouraged by his parents. "We told him to believe he was the best," his mother said. "If he didn't, nobody else would." He played high school football his freshman and sophomore years at Andrew Hill High School, then moved with his family in the summer of 1975 to Roy, Utah. He played his junior and senior years at Roy High School and graduated in 1977.

College career
McMahon enrolled at Brigham Young University (BYU) and played college football for the Cougars. He was their punter during his freshman season. He also played baseball, but he played enough at quarterback to throw his first-ever collegiate touchdown pass against UTEP. He continued as the Cougars' punter as the 1978 season began, but when Marc Wilson was injured in the third game of the season (against Colorado State), McMahon became the starting quarterback. McMahon led BYU to victory against Colorado State, accounting for 112 passing yards, 80 rushing yards, and two touchdowns. He was named Chevrolet Player of the Game and Western Athletic Conference (WAC) Player of the Week for his performance. McMahon and Wilson shared quarterback duties for the rest of the season; McMahon played well enough to earn All-WAC honors and Associated Press Honorable Mention All-America. The best game of his sophomore year was against Wyoming: he passed for 317 yards and rushed for 49 more yards, earning another WAC Player of the Week award.

McMahon suffered a knee injury towards the end of the 1978 season and BYU coaches chose to redshirt him in 1979. McMahon watched from the sidelines as Wilson set nine NCAA records, tied two others, and became the first BYU player to earn consensus first-team All-American honors; he finished third in Heisman Trophy balloting.

With Wilson graduated and in the NFL with the Oakland Raiders, McMahon beat out Royce Bybee to claim the starting quarterback position in 1980. BYU lost the opener 25–21 against New Mexico, but then won eleven straight to claim the WAC championship. McMahon set 32 NCAA records, including single-season records for yards of total offense (4,627), passing yards (4,571), touchdown passes (47), and passing efficiency (176.9). His best game was against Utah State; he completed 21 of 33 passes for 485 yards and six touchdowns, and added two rushing touchdowns. That performance earned him Sports Illustrated'''s National Player of the Week award. McMahon's season statistics might have been even better, but he spent significant time on the sidelines because the Cougars won many games by wide margins. Although he started all 12 regular-season games, he only finished three of them.

BYU led the nation in passing offense, total offense, and scoring offense during the regular season. McMahon earned numerous awards for his individual accomplishments, being named WAC Player of the Year, unanimous First-team All-WAC, Utah Sportsman of the Year, and Deseret News Athlete of the Year. He was named to four All-America teams and finished fifth in Heisman Trophy voting.

In the Holiday Bowl, the Cougars faced an SMU team led by star running backs Craig James and Eric Dickerson, and the Mustangs built a 45–25 lead over BYU with just four minutes left in the game. As Cougar fans headed for the exits, McMahon screamed that the game was not over yet. He promptly guided BYU's offense to three quick touchdowns, including a 41-yard Hail Mary pass to Clay Brown to win the game as time expired. It is regarded as one of the greatest comebacks in college football history; BYU fans refer to it as the "Miracle Bowl".

In McMahon's senior season in 1981, despite missing two games due to injuries, he passed for 3,555 yards and 30 touchdowns in the regular season, again leading BYU to a WAC championship. For his efforts, he was named WAC Player of the Year and unanimous First-team All-WAC. On a national level, he was named First-team All-American by five different organizations and finished third in Heisman Trophy balloting. He received the Davey O'Brien Trophy and the Sammy Baugh Award, and he shared the Pigskin Club NCAA Offensive Player of the Year award with USC's Marcus Allen. He earned Sports Illustrated's Player of the Week award after his performance against Colorado State, in which he tied a school record with seven touchdown passes.

In his last game as a Cougar, McMahon passed for 342 yards and 3 touchdowns in BYU's victory over Washington State in the 1981 Holiday Bowl. His career totals were 9,536 passing yards and 84 touchdown passes (not including bowl games). McMahon left college with 70 NCAA records and tied for one other. He entered the College Football Hall of Fame in 1999.

In September 2010, McMahon announced he would complete his coursework at BYU, which would qualify him for induction into the Brigham Young University Athletics Hall of Fame. On October 2, 2014, after completing his degree in communications, McMahon was inducted into the BYU Athletics Hall of Fame as part of the 2014 class. BYU honored McMahon by retiring his No. 9 jersey during a halftime ceremony at the BYU vs. Utah State football game on Friday, October 3, 2014.

Professional career
Chicago Bears
The Chicago Bears selected McMahon in the first round (fifth overall) of the 1982 NFL Draft. McMahon, thrilled to be free from what he considered a restrictive culture at BYU, strolled into his first public function with the Bears holding a cold beer in his hand. Head coach Mike Ditka was not impressed, nor was Bears owner and founder George Halas. McMahon was to find the atmosphere in Chicago almost as challenging as that at Brigham Young, and he would lock horns with Ditka routinely during his seven years with the Bears.

McMahon won the Bears' starting quarterback job as a rookie in 1982, and was named to several All-Rookie teams when he nearly led the team to the playoffs, despite the NFL only playing two games before a players' strike that cancelled nearly half the season. McMahon quickly displayed a natural ability to read defenses and an athletic versatility that surprised many.

McMahon, a rollout passer, explained that coaching in his youth had taught him to square his shoulders to the direction he wanted to throw the football, and he was thus able to execute passes with tight spirals and a high degree of accuracy when running to either his left or his right. The Bears finished the strike-shortened season at 3–6, and McMahon was named NFC Offensive Rookie of the Year, losing the league-wide honor to Marcus Allen.

In 1983, McMahon continued to improve as a passer and as a field general. He made a habit of changing the play both in the huddle and at the line of scrimmage, a practice which frustrated Ditka but usually led to success. His knowledge of the game and an instinctive, intuitive grasp of in-game situations were significant. He became a frequent scorer in goal-line situations, after the dying Halas instructed Ditka to make the quarterback sneak a bigger part of the Bears' offense. He also began to catch touchdown passes on option plays, and was the emergency punter. Chicago finished the season at 8–8, missing the division title and a playoff berth by one victory.

In 1984, the Bears broke through, reaching the conference title game before losing to the San Francisco 49ers. McMahon started the season strongly, though nursing minor injuries like those that would plague him throughout his career. In a violent game against the Los Angeles Raiders at Soldier Field, McMahon sustained a season-ending injury when he was brutally tackled by two Los Angeles defenders. He suffered bruised ribs and a lacerated kidney on the play, but limped to the huddle and breathlessly called the next play, despite difficulty breathing and increasing pain. The players could barely hear him in the huddle, and when McMahon attempted an audible at the line of scrimmage the Bears receivers were unable to hear his call. McMahon was on the verge of collapsing on the field, clutching his flank and rasping in his attempts to convey his situation. The offensive linemen helped McMahon stand and leave the field. McMahon went to the locker room, and reported urine that "looked like grape juice".

1985

In 1985, the Bears had a tremendous season, later voted by Sports Illustrated magazine as the greatest of all time, winning their first 12 games and finishing at 15–1. McMahon became a media darling, not only for his outstanding play on the field, but also for his personality. He appeared in a rap record made by the team, "The Super Bowl Shuffle", in which he proclaimed, "I'm the punky QB known as McMahon." In an early-season Thursday night game at Minnesota, McMahon was slated to back up Steve Fuller, as McMahon had missed practice time earlier in the week due to a neck injury that required an overnight hospital stay. Midway into the third quarter, the Vikings held a 17–9 lead. McMahon lobbied to get into the game until well into the third quarter. Once finally on the field, his first play was an opportunistic 70-yard touchdown pass to Willie Gault. After an interception by Wilber Marshall on the Vikings ensuing possession, McMahon's very next offensive play was a 25-yard touchdown pass to Dennis McKinnon, making him 2–2 for 95 yards and two touchdowns. He followed up with another successful offensive drive, including a crucial third and short sneak to set up another 43-yard touchdown pass to McKinnon. The Bears led 30–17 and went on to win the game 33–24.

McMahon played solidly, throwing for career-highs of 15 touchdowns and 2,392 yards in 13 games and running well (5.4 yards per carry, three rushing touchdowns).

McMahon was notorious for head-first baseball-style slides when running the football, despite being coached to slide feet-first to protect his body. In the playoffs, McMahon heeded this coaching advice and was speared by a defender's helmet squarely in his buttocks, causing a painful deep bruise for which McMahon sought acupuncture treatment. This led to a point of controversy before the Super Bowl in New Orleans, when McMahon "mooned" journalists who were inquiring as to the status of the injury. Thursday morning before the big-game, McMahon made more headlines when a local television station reported that he had called women of New Orleans "sluts", an accusation he denied and which the announcer later admitted was made up. McMahon claimed in an interview, that he received death threats and wore a different jersey number during practice.

He ended the season with a strong performance in Super Bowl XX, which the Bears won 46–10 over the New England Patriots. In that game, McMahon became the first quarterback in the history of the Super Bowl to rush for two touchdowns. McMahon earned a spot in his only Pro Bowl.

1986–1988

In week 12 of the 1986 NFL regular season, McMahon was playing against the Green Bay Packers, while dealing with an existing rotator cuff injury to his right shoulder. After throwing a third down interception and at least two seconds after his pass was thrown, Green Bay nose tackle Charles Martin grabbed McMahon from behind and body-slammed him to the turf, exacerbating his existing rotator cuff injury. McMahon briefly returned to the game, but it soon became apparent that he couldn't throw effectively, and he left the game in the third quarter, never to play again in 1986. Martin was immediately ejected from the game and later suspended for two additional games — the first multi-game suspension for an on-field incident in modern NFL history. Without McMahon, and despite finishing tied for the league's best record at 14–2, the Bears were unable to defend their Super Bowl championship and lost in the Divisional Playoff round to the Washington Redskins.

McMahon battled injuries for the rest of his career, although at one point between the 1984 and 1987 seasons, he won 22 consecutive regular-season (25 including playoffs and the Super Bowl) starts, the longest "regular season winning streak" by an NFL quarterback at the time, now held by Peyton Manning, who won 23 in 2008 to 2009 (but lost a wildcard playoff game to the Chargers during his "winning streak").

In 1987, McMahon came right back from a head injury and brought the Bears back in the first game following the NFL players strike to defeat the Buccaneers, 27–26. The Bears went on to an 11–4 record, with many expecting McMahon to start and lead the Bears back to the Super Bowl. However, 1987 ended exactly the same way 1986 had, with the Bears being eliminated by the eventual Super Bowl champion Redskins.

McMahon returned for the 1988 season with a much more serious attitude. His main offensive weapon in Walter Payton had retired and McMahon publicly expressed his desire to win a Super Bowl again. The Bears looked strong all season and went 12–4, again winning the NFC Central, and finishing with the NFC's top seed, ensuring they would host the NFC Championship Game at Soldier Field if they advanced that far. McMahon was unable to get the Bears back to the Super Bowl, as they were routed by the eventual Super Bowl champion San Francisco 49ers in the NFC Championship which saw McMahon benched in favor of Mike Tomczak in the fourth quarter.

During the offseason, McMahon and Bears president Michael McCaskey had a major falling out with each other. He also fell out of favor with head coach Mike Ditka, and after spending his first seven seasons in the league with Chicago, McMahon was traded to the San Diego Chargers.

As of 2017's NFL off-season, McMahon held at least 15 Bears franchise records, including:
 Completions: playoffs (70)
 Passing Yards: playoffs (967), playoff season (636 in 1985)
 Passing TDs: playoffs (4), playoff season (3 in 1985; with Rex Grossman), playoff game (2 on 1986-01-05 NYG; with Steve Walsh and Jay Cutler), rookie season (9 in 1982; with Kyle Orton)
 Passer Rating: playoffs (77.1), playoff season (106.6 in 1985), rookie season (79.9 in 1982)
 Sacked: playoffs (10), rookie game (7 on 1982-11-28 @MIN)
 Yds/Pass Att: playoffs (7.61), playoff season (9.64 in 1985)
 Pass Yds/Game: rookie season (187.6 in 1982)

San Diego Chargers
McMahon started 11 games for the 6–10 Chargers team in 1989. He went 4–7 in the games he started, though the team lost four of those games by a combined 11 points. He had only 4 games over 200 yards, but had 389 yards against the Houston Oilers in a Week 2 loss.

However, McMahon again found himself in trouble when he fell out of favor with his coach, Dan Henning, his teammates, and the team's front office staff. He was benched for the final four games in favor of Billy Joe Tolliver and finished the year with 2,132 yards, 10 touchdowns and 10 interceptions. McMahon was released after the season.

Later career

McMahon signed with the Philadelphia Eagles, who were coached by former Bears assistant Buddy Ryan, for the 1990 season. For the first time in his career he served as a full-time backup, as Randall Cunningham was entrenched as the starter. After Cunningham tore his ACL in the opening game of the following season, new coach Rich Kotite named McMahon his starter. He helped the Eagles to a 10–6 record and earned the NFL Comeback Player of the Year award. McMahon stayed with the Eagles for one additional season in the backup role.

McMahon's last chance to be a full-time starter came with the Minnesota Vikings in 1993. Supplanting Sean Salisbury as the team's starter, McMahon led the Vikings to eight wins in twelve starts and returned to the postseason as a starter for the first time since 1988. However, the Vikings lost to the New York Giants.

After the season, McMahon joined the Arizona Cardinals, now coached by Ryan, for the 1994 season, where he made his final career start in Week 3, against the Cleveland Browns. He finished the season as the team's third quarterback behind Steve Beuerlein and Jay Schroeder and left the team at its conclusion. McMahon made the Cleveland Browns in the 1995 preseason but did not play a down with them, McMahon later in the season joined the Green Bay Packers. He retired following the 1996 season, which finished with a Super Bowl victory over the New England Patriots in New Orleans, eleven years to the day of the Bears' Super Bowl victory over the Patriots in the same venue.

McMahon caused some controversy when he showed up to the Packers' reception at the White House wearing his Bears jersey, due to the rivalry between the two teams. McMahon later explained that he did so because he was unable to visit the White House when he led the Bears to victory in Super Bowl XX; two days after the Bears won the game, the crew of Space Shuttle mission STS-51-L were killed in the explosion of their craft, Shuttle Challenger, and the Bears' scheduled visit was cancelled. McMahon and his surviving teammates and coaches were eventually received in 2011 by President Barack Obama, himself a Bears fan.

Post-retirement

Legal trouble
Since retiring from football in 1997, he has worked as a restaurant owner and motivational speaker. He was apprehended in Florida for drunk driving in 2003. Upon being pulled over, McMahon allegedly got out of his car and said to the police, "I'm too drunk; you got me."

On April 9, 2012, it was reported that McMahon was targeted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) for $104 million in bad loans made by the now closed, Chicago-based Broadway Bank, of which he was a member of the board. The FDIC wanted to recover $104 million in loans made by the bank before it was shut down, according to the newspaper. In addition to McMahon, six other former Broadway Bank board members and two former bank executives had been targeted. McMahon only approved one loan out of the 17 bad loans for a $28 million Miami beach condo project. The FDIC said the bank lost $19.5 million on the loan. McMahon said in a statement that the FDIC's claims were without merit and he expected to be vindicated. "I am proud to have served as an outside, independent director for a brief part of the bank's history," he wrote, according to the Sun-Times. In 2016, the FDIC settled its lawsuit against the bank with a $5 million settlement.

Concussions
In a November 6, 2010 interview, McMahon admitted to having memory problems due to injuries suffered on the football field. McMahon was quoted as saying, 'There are a lot of times when I walk into a room and forget why I walked in there.' McMahon, along with six other retired professional football players, filed a class action lawsuit against the NFL in August 2011, citing the league's negligence and misconduct in its handling of concussion-related injuries. It followed lawsuits filed shortly before by 75 other NFL retirees making similar claims in addition to asserting that the NFL knew about the dangers concussions posed to its athletes as far back as the 1920s and actively withheld the information from the affected and the general public until summer of 2010. The August suit that McMahon joined seeks to expand the scope of the suit to potentially all NFL players who suffered game-related concussions or head injuries.

On September 27, 2012, it was reported that at age 53, McMahon had been diagnosed as being in the early stages of dementia. McMahon's condition has since improved after receiving chiropractic treatment, citing less frequent headaches and improved short-term memory. His better health was documented in 2017 by longtime San Francisco Chronicle columnist Scott Ostler. In the years following his initial neck realignment, McMahon earned a bachelor's degree from Brigham Young University and participated in celebrity golf tournaments. McMahon expressed skepticism toward the effectiveness of NFL-sanctioned treatments for head and neck injuries, believing that NFL officials prioritize corporate interests over player well-being.

Medical cannabis

McMahon uses cannabis to treat the chronic pain and arthritis that he suffers from as a result of his football career. He calls cannabis a "godsend" that allowed him to eliminate his painkiller habit which he says included 100 Percocet pills a month. McMahon has been active in speaking about his experience using cannabis, serving as spokesperson for the Cannabis Sports Policy Project and a member of the Gridiron Cannabis Coalition along with several other former NFL players. McMahon appeared in a TV ad supporting cannabis legalization in the state of Arizona.

In November 2016, McMahon was among the signatories of an open letter addressed to the NFL, urging a change in the league's policy towards cannabis. The letter was penned by Doctors for Cannabis Regulation and signed by several other NFL players. McMahon is also a member of the Doctors for Cannabis Regulation NFL steering committee.

Other activities

In December 2006, McMahon went to Iraq with the USO to visit American forces in the field.

During Super Bowl XLIV, McMahon joined other members of the 1985 Chicago Bears in resurrecting the Super Bowl Shuffle in a Boost Mobile commercial.

In 2010, McMahon became a part owner of the Indoor Football League's Chicago Slaughter.

In November 2012, McMahon appeared on an episode of the sitcom The League called "The Tailgate."

In August 2020, a documentary entitled Mad Mac: The Memory Of Jim McMahon by director CJ Wallis began shooting. The film covers McMahon's life in and out of professional sports.

Playing style
Throughout his career, McMahon was known for both on- and off-field antics. Most famously, his wearing of a headband while on the sidelines once led to him being fined by then NFL commissioner, Pete Rozelle, as it had an unauthorized corporate logo (Adidas) on it. The next week his headband simply said "Rozelle". (The commissioner later admitted in a letter to McMahon that the headband with Rozelle's name was "funny as hell", but declined to rescind the $5,000 fine.) Reportedly before Super Bowl XX hundreds of fans mailed McMahon headbands in hopes he would wear them during the game; Rozelle warned the quarterback not to wear anything "unacceptable". In response, McMahon decided to help bring attention to Juvenile Diabetes by wearing a headband simply stating "JDF Cure", before switching to one stating "POW-MIA", and finally one with the word "Pluto", the nickname of his close friend and favorite collegiate receiving target, former BYU wide receiver Danny Plater, who was afflicted with a brain tumor.

He also is known for his trademark sunglasses, which he wears for medical reasons. At age six, while trying to untie a knot in a toy gun holster with a fork, he accidentally severed the cornea in his right eye when the fork slipped. While his vision was saved, the accident left that eye extremely sensitive to light. On the field he was among the first to wear a helmet fitted with a tinted plastic visor covering the eyes, leading to nicknames like "Darth Vader" and "Black Sunshine."

McMahon occasionally would play wearing gloves, and urged former NFL quarterback David Carr to also wear gloves.

NFL career statistics

Regular season

Personal life
McMahon met Nancy Daines at BYU, and the couple married in 1982 after four years of dating. They had four children together and divorced in 2009. He was in a romantic relationship with Laurie Navon, who was cited in the Sports Illustrated'' article where his health was discussed. The specifics of his relationship with Navon are not known, but more recent media reports currently have him in a relationship with Mayra Montoya.

See also
 List of NCAA major college football yearly passing leaders
 List of NCAA major college football yearly total offense leaders
 Living former players diagnosed with or reporting symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy

References

External links

1959 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American cannabis activists
American football quarterbacks
Arizona Cardinals players
Brian Piccolo Award winners
BYU Cougars football players
Chicago Bears players
Cleveland Browns players
Concussion activists
Green Bay Packers players
Legends Football League coaches
Minnesota Vikings players
National Conference Pro Bowl players
People from Roy, Utah
Sportspeople from the Salt Lake City metropolitan area
Philadelphia Eagles players
Players of American football from Chicago
Players of American football from Jersey City, New Jersey
Players of American football from San Jose, California
Players of American football from Utah
San Diego Chargers players
Players of American football from Hudson County, New Jersey

Jim McMahon


Cry Freetown is a 2000 documentary film directed by Sorious Samura. It is an account of the victims of the Sierra Leone Civil War and depicts the most brutal period with the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebels capturing the capital city (January 1999). The film also documents the Nigerian army summarily executing suspects. It was broadcast on CNN International on February 3, 2000. The film was produced with the assistance of CNN Productions, the Dutch news program 2Vandaag and Insight News Television. Awards for the film include the Emmy Award, BAFTA Award, Peabody Award and the 2001 silver award at the Alfred I. duPont–Columbia University Awards.

References

External links
 Some of the persons interviewed by Sorious Samura in Cry Freetown (i.e. Father Giuseppe Berton and some baby soldiers) are the same interviewed, in 2012, ten years later, in the Documentary Life does not lose its value (Original title, Italian language, La vita non perde valore), by Wilma Massucco (ITA/ENG - 53' - Bluindaco Productions © 2012). Main focus of the Documentary: reintegration, led by Father Giuseppe Berton, of former child soldiers, ten years after the Sierra Leone Civil War that occurred between 1991 and 2002.

 Cry Freetown at Insight TWI (formerly Insight News TV)

2000 films
Films set in Sierra Leone
Documentary films about war
Sierra Leone Civil War
2000 documentary films
Peabody Award-winning broadcasts
Sierra Leonean documentary films

Cry Freetown


Dymer is a narrative poem by C. S. Lewis. He worked on this, his most important poem, as early as 1916—when still only 17 years old—and completed it in 1925. Dymer was his second published work; it was published by J. M. Dent in 1926, under the pseudonym Clive Hamilton (the writer's actual first name followed by his mother's maiden name).

Lewis thought of himself as writing in the tradition of Homer, Spenser, Milton, Wordsworth and others. George Sayer's analysis suggests that the book is about the temptation of "the fantasies of love, lust, and power".

Plot overview
Dymer, an epic poem consisting of 2,065 lines, follows the adventures of its titular protagonist from his birth in a totalitarian state, mockingly referred to as 'The Perfect City', to the events leading to his death at the hands of a monster he begat.

From the opening, Dymer grows to the age of nineteen under the control of the state, until, under the influence of spring and the sight of a songbird, he rises in his lecture-hall and murders the aged lecturer before his class, then leaves the stunned civilians behind as he wanders outside The City.

Dymer casts off his clothing along with civilization, wandering in the forests until he comes upon an empty mansion with food prepared. After dressing himself again with finer clothing, and feasting alone at a banquet table, Dymer sleeps with an unseen female figure who comes to him in the darkness of the mansion. Upon awakening, Dymer steps outside of the palace and wanders blissfully in the woods. Returning to the palace in search of his lover, he finds every entry barred by a hideous old she-monster. After pleading with her to 'yield but one inch; once only from your law', Dymer approaches the woman with intent to fight his way past her. What happens at this point is uncertain, except that Dymer emerges wounded from the palace and limps into the woodlands.

It begins to rain that night in the woods, and Dymer encounters yet another person he cannot see in the dark, this time a wounded man. This man also hails from The Perfect City, and tells Dymer of what happened in his absence, specifically that a revolutionary named Bran used Dymer's actions and name to instill violent protest in the citizens, who then went on to sack and raze the city. Dymer is dumbfounded at this information, and stays silent in the night until the man's wounds prove fatal, then sets out again for the wilderness.

Dymer encounters another individual in the wilderness, a man who uses a liquid to put himself into an extended dreaming state. The man convinces Dymer that the answer to his anguish is in the dreaming world, and Dymer swallows a cup of the liquid. In his hallucination, Dymer encounters his former lover from the mansion, but realizes she is monstrous. Instead of accepting this as the truth, he flees the scene as demons rise to assault him. Upon awakening, Dymer is threatened by the dreaming man, and sets off into the wilderness again. Dymer later arrives at a cemetery where he encounters an angelic guardian who tells Dymer of a horrible monster lurking about. The monster was conceived by a union between a divine being and a mortal. Realizing that the beast is his own offspring, Dymer states he must face his own son in battle. Donning the guardian's armor, he prepares to fight the monster, which ends in his own death and the beast becoming a god.

Bibliography
 Hodgens, Richard. "Notes on Narrative Poems." CSL: The Bulletin of the New York C. S. Lewis Society. 7 no. 78 (April 1976): 1–14.
 King, Don W. Dymer. The C. S. Lewis Readers' Encyclopedia. Pages 144–146.
 Lewis, C. S. Preface to the 1950 edition of Narrative Poems. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1950.
 Murphy, Patrick. "C. S. Lewis's Dymer: One More with Hesitation." CSL: The Bulletin of the New York C. S. Lewis Society. 17 no. 200 (June 1986): 1–8.
 Sayer, George. "C. S. Lewis's Dymer." VII: An Anglo-American Literary Review. 1980.
 Slack, Michael. "Sehnsucht and the Platonic Eros in Dymer." CSL: The Bulletin of the New York C. S. Lewis Society. 11 no. 130 (August 1980): 3–7.
 Walsh, Chad. The Literary Legacy of C. S. Lewis. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979.

References

External links

 Full text of Dymer at HathiTrust Digital Library

Narrative poems
1926 poems
1926 poetry books
English poetry
Poetry by C. S. Lewis
Works published under a pseudonym
J. M. Dent books

Dymer (poem)


Summer pudding or summer fruit pudding is an English dessert made of sliced white bread, layered in a deep bowl with fruit and fruit juice. It is left to soak overnight and turned out onto a plate. The dessert was most popular from the late 19th to the early 20th century. It first appears in print with its current name in 1904, but identical recipes for 'hydropathic pudding' and 'Malvern pudding' from as far back as 1868 have been found.

Making summer pudding is much easier if the bread is somewhat stale. This helps the fruit juices soak through the bread, which makes the pudding more pleasant. Summer pudding can be served with cream.

The fruits typically used in summer pudding are raspberries, strawberries, blackcurrants, redcurrants, whitecurrants, and blackberries. Less commonly used are tayberries, loganberries, cherries and blueberries.

History
Discovering early recipes for summer pudding, or finding out when the name was first used, is difficult.

Queens Pudding first appeared in print, with its current name, in 1904 in the book Sweets (Part one), No 6 in the Queen Cookery Books series, collected and described by S. Beaty-Pownall. Similar recipes though appear earlier. Examples are Hydropathic pudding, Malvern Pudding Rhode Island and Wakefield Pudding.

Hydropathic pudding was popular in nineteenth century health spas. Cassell's New Universal Cookery from 1896 includes a Hydropatic Pudding recipe which is layers of fruit and bread sliced thinly. The author notes that the pudding has alternative names. Unlike other puddings which use pastry or suet crust the lighter bread casing, made it a suitable treat for ladies who were health-conscious or even where pastry was completely forbidden.

By the 1920s it is said to have become a classic British pudding. One 1920s book stated "everyone knows this dish, all like it."

See also
Cassell's New Universal Cookery Book 1896 by Lizzie Heritage.
 List of fruit dishes

References

External links

British puddings
English cuisine
Fruit dishes

Summer pudding


Darry Douglas Beckwith, Jr. (born May 15, 1987) is a former gridiron football linebacker. He was signed by the San Diego Chargers as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He played college football at LSU.

He has also been a member of the Indianapolis Colts and New Orleans Saints.

His cousin Kendell Beckwith is a rookie linebacker for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and will begin his NFL career during the 2017 season.

Early years
Beckwith played high school football at Parkview Baptist High School in Baton Rouge, LA.

Professional career

Pre-draft
Leading up to the 2009 NFL Draft, Beckwith was considered a second-round prospect at one point.

San Diego Chargers
After not being selected in the 2009 NFL Draft, Beckwith was signed as an undrafted free agent by the San Diego Chargers. He was waived on September 5 during final roster cuts, and subsequently re-signed to the practice squad on September 6. His practice squad contract expired at the end of the 2009 season. Beckwith signed a future contract with the team on February 10, 2010.

Indianapolis Colts
Beckwith spent two seasons in San Diego before signing with the Indianapolis Colts on August 1, 2011. He was waived the following day.

New Orleans Saints
Beckwith spent time on the New Orleans Saints practice team in 2012.

Toronto Argonauts
On March 20, 2013, Beckwith signed with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League. He was released by the Argonauts on May 2, 2013.

References

External links
LSU Tigers bio
San Diego Chargers bio

1987 births
Living people
Players of American football from Baton Rouge, Louisiana
American football linebackers
LSU Tigers football players
San Diego Chargers players
Indianapolis Colts players

Darry Beckwith


Jere Kalervo Lehtinen (born June 24, 1973) is a Finnish former professional ice hockey forward. A right winger, he was drafted in the third round, 88th overall, in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft by the Minnesota North Stars. Lehtinen played his entire 15-year National Hockey League (NHL) career with the North Stars/Dallas Stars organization. A two-way forward, Lehtinen is perhaps best known for his defensive responsibilities, for which he won the Frank J. Selke Trophy three times as the NHL's top defensive forward. After his retirement, he has served as the general manager of the Finnish national ice hockey team. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2018.

Playing career

Finland
Lehtinen played in the 1987 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a youth team from Espoo.

Lehtinen started his professional career with his hometown team, Kiekko-Espoo. The team was jammed in first division in 1991 but they managed to win the division and gained a spot in the Finnish SM-liiga, from there Lehtinen started his professional career. He spent another year with Kiekko-Espoo, but the team struggled, and after one season, Lehtinen received an offer from one of the biggest clubs in Finland at the time, TPS in Turku. He signed with TPS in the summer of 1993 and once the season started, he soon blossomed offensively. Lehtinen was immediately paired with another future NHLer, Saku Koivu, and the two formed an integral part of TPS's great season. Although they won the regular season title by a large margin, they lost to Jokerit in the finals.

The following season, TPS and Lehtinen went all the way again, this time defeating Jokerit in the final series, 3–2. After the SM-liiga season was over, Lehtinen received an invite to the 1995 World Championships. Finland progressed to the final, defeating Sweden 4–1, winning Finland's first IIHF World Championship gold medal. Lehtinen was part of the renowned Finnish top line, dubbed by Finnish fans as the "Ankkalinnan pojat" ("The boys of Duckburg," a reference to their nicknames "Tupu, Hupu, Lupu"; "Huey, Dewey, Louie") with Saku Koivu and Ville Peltonen, another future NHLer. The three also made up the tournament's all-star line.

Dallas Stars

1995–2005
After an impressive year in 1995, where Lehtinen won both the SM-liiga and World Championship, he went overseas to play in the NHL. He saw only one game in the minors and was part of the Dallas Stars organization instantly. Lehtinen worked his way up in three years to join Mike Modano on the team's first line and was nominated for the Frank J. Selke Trophy for the first time in 1996–97 season. During 1997–98 season, he was voted to the 1998 NHL All-Star Game. It was the first year the NHL introduced a new system in which European players play against North American players. Lehtinen's fellow countrymen Saku Koivu, Teemu Selänne and Jari Kurri were also voted to the Game. The same year, Lehtinen was again a nominee for the Selke Trophy as the best defensive forward and eventually won the prestigious award. He is the first Finnish player to have won the award. Lehtinen was also part of the bronze-winning Finnish team at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.

In 1999, the Stars progressed to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they defeated the Buffalo Sabres in six games, winning the Stanley Cup. In the series, Lehtinen scored the first goal in the decisive Game 6, then assisted on Brett Hull's Cup-winning goal in overtime. That year, Lehtinen set career-high statistics and also captured the Selke Trophy, becoming just the third player in NHL history to win the award in consecutive seasons.

Despite the highs of the previous season, the 1999–2000 campaign was a tough one for Lehtinen. He played in only 17 regular season games due to ankle problems, fracturing it early in the season and sidelining for 30 games. After he had seemingly recovered from the injury, he returned to the lineup, but was again sidelined after playing just eight games, forcing him out of Dallas' lineup for an additional 35 games. However, he returned to help his team in the 2000 playoffs, where the Stars again progressed to the Finals, but were defeated by the New Jersey Devils in six games.

Lehtinen bounced back to his old form in 2000–01 season, putting up a strong season statistics-wise. Although they again made the playoffs, the Stars, however, did not progress go as deep as they had in previous years and were dispatched in the second round by the St. Louis Blues in a four-game sweep.

In 2001–02, Lehtinen had a stellar season. Although the Stars failed to qualify for the 2002 playoffs, Lehtinen managed to score 25 goals, 24 assists and finished first on the team in plus-minus with +27. He was again voted to the NHL All-Star Game, but was unable to play due to injury. He ranked seventh in Lady Byng Memorial Trophy voting and was again nominated for the Selke Trophy, though he came in short; Michael Peca was honored with the award for second time in his career.

After an impressive 2001–02, Lehtinen continued his fine form in 2002–03. He led the Stars in goals with 31, a new career high, as well as in plus-minus (+39), which ranked fourth in the NHL. He also recorded his second career NHL hat-trick, coming against the Los Angeles Kings. Moreover, Lehtinen became only the third player in League history to win the Selke Trophy three times, tying Guy Carbonneau for three and just one behind Bob Gainey, who has won it four times.

The 2003–04 season, however, was a disappointment to Lehtinen, as injury problems to his knee allowed him to play just 58 games, where he scored 26 points. The Stars were knocked out by the Colorado Avalanche in the first playoff round.

Before the NHL lockout for the 2004–05 season, the World Cup of Hockey was played. Lehtinen once again represented Finland and the Finns met Canada in the final; the latter won the gold with a 3–2 win over Finland.

2005–2010
Lehtinen underwent knee surgery during the lockout season. After successful surgery and rehabilitation, he excelled when NHL play resumed for the 2005–06 season, tying a career-high in points (52) and setting a new career-high in goals (33). The Stars won the Pacific Division title, their seventh in past ten seasons. However, Dallas was once again eliminated in the first playoff round, again at the hands of the Colorado Avalanche. Lehtinen was again a nominee for the Selke Trophy, but ultimately finished third in voting.

The 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin took place in the middle of the 2005–06 NHL season. Lehtinen was again a vital part of Team Finland's journey to the gold medal game. Like in previous international tournaments, Lehtinen was placed in a line with Saku Koivu and Teemu Selänne. However, Finland lost the final bitterly 3–2 to their nemesis, Team Sweden. Koivu and Selänne were the tournament's joint top scorer; Lehtinen finished tied for seventh. Had Finland won the final, Lehtinen would have become the first Finn to join the Triple Gold Club.

In the 2006–07 season, Lehtinen scored 26 goals and led the team in goals for second consecutive season. The Stars, however, failed to progress from the first round of the playoffs for the third season in a row, falling to the Vancouver Canucks. Despite the series stretched to seven games, Lehtinen failed to contribute a single point for his team.

Lehtinen began the 2007–08 season strongly, posting six goals and 13 assists (19 points) in just 21 games before suffering a sports hernia. He returned on February 1, 2008, in a game against the Edmonton Oilers after a 33-game layoff. He marked his return with an assist on a Jussi Jokinen goal in the game.

Lehtinen became one of just six players in Olympic ice hockey history to win four tournament medals when Finland defeated Slovakia 5–3 at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver on February 27, 2010. Lehtinen also is one of only seven ice hockey players who have appeared in at least five Olympic games.

On December 8, 2010, Lehtinen officially announced his retirement from professional hockey, finishing with 243 goals and 271 assists and a career plus-minus rating of +176 in 875 NHL games, all with the Stars. Impressively, he never finished a season with a negative plus-minus until his final season in the NHL.

On February 11, 2017, the Stars announced that they would retire Lehtinen's No. 26 jersey in the 2017–18 season as part of their 25th anniversary in Dallas; it was retired on November 24, 2017, before the Stars' game against the Calgary Flames.

Personal life
Lehtinen met his wife, Jaana, at the 1994 Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway. The two were married in June 1998 and since the ceremony was only a few days after the NHL Awards, Lehtinen was not present to accept the first Frank J. Selke Trophy of his career. The couple has twin girls, Anna and Sofia, and one son, Joel.

Awards
Played in SM-liiga All-Star Game – 1995
Raimo Kilpiö Trophy – 1995
Kanada-malja (Turun Palloseura) — 1995
Ice Hockey World Championships Tournament All-Star – 1995
NHL Rookie of the Month – February, 1996
Stars Rookie of the Year – 1996
Voted to the NHL All-Star Game – 1998, 2002 (didn't play due to injury)
Frank J. Selke Trophy – 1998, 1999, 2003
Stanley Cup champion (Dallas Stars) — 1999
Espoo Blues #10 jersey retired – 2014
Dallas Stars #26 jersey retired – 2017
IIHF Hall of Fame – 2018

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

International

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Dallas Stars players
Espoo Blues players
Finnish ice hockey right wingers
Finnish ice hockey world championship gold medalists
Frank Selke Trophy winners
HC TPS players
Ice hockey players at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Ice hockey players at the 2010 Winter Olympics
IIHF Hall of Fame inductees
Medalists at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 1994 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2006 Winter Olympics
Medalists at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Minnesota North Stars draft picks
National Hockey League All-Stars
Olympic bronze medalists for Finland
Olympic ice hockey players for Finland
Olympic medalists in ice hockey
Olympic silver medalists for Finland
Ice hockey people from Espoo
Stanley Cup champions

Jere Lehtinen


Francis Richard Scobee (May 19, 1939 – January 28, 1986) was an American pilot, engineer, and astronaut. He was killed while he was commanding the Space Shuttle Challenger in 1986, which suffered catastrophic booster failure during launch of the STS-51-L mission.

Scobee held a Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering, graduating from the University of Arizona in 1965. He was a reciprocating engine mechanic for the United States Air Force and served as a combat aviator in the Vietnam War.

Selected for NASA Astronaut Corps in January 1978, Scobee completed his training in August 1979. While awaiting his first orbital spaceflight mission, Scobee served as an instructor pilot for the Shuttle's 747 carrier aircraft. In April 1984, he piloted Challenger mission STS-41-C, which successfully deployed one satellite and repaired another.

Early life
Scobee was born May 19, 1939, in Cle Elum, Washington, to Francis William Scobee and Edlynn (Miller) Scobee. He attended Washington Elementary School, Cascade Jr. High School, and Auburn Senior High School, from which he graduated in 1957.

Air Force service
Scobee enlisted in the United States Air Force in 1957, where he served as a reciprocating engine mechanic at Kelly Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. While off duty, Scobee attended San Antonio College, and eventually received a Bachelor of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Arizona in 1965. He was a member of Tau Beta Pi. In 1965, Scobee was awarded an officer's commission. Afterward, he attended flight school and earned his pilot wings in 1966, serving as a combat aviator in the Vietnam War. Scobee was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Medal, and other decorations.

After his tour of duty, Scobee attended the USAF Aerospace Research Pilot School (Class 71B) at Edwards Air Force Base, 100 miles north of Los Angeles, California. Upon graduation in 1972, he became an Air Force test pilot, logging thousands of hours of flight time in dozens of aircraft, including the Boeing 747, the experimental X-24B lifting body, the F-111 Aardvark, and the gigantic C-5 Galaxy.

Challenger
Scobee was assigned commander for the ill-fated STS-51-L mission, after having previously flown Challenger in STS-41-C as a pilot. The mission, designed to deploy a satellite to study the approaching Halley's Comet and to inaugurate the Teacher in Space Project, was delayed numerous times due to bad weather and technical glitches. When the mission finally did lift off the pad, a solid rocket booster O-ring seal failure destroyed the shuttle 73 seconds into the flight, killing Scobee and the other six crew members; the disaster, viewed live on national television, prompted several days of national mourning, as well as a major shakeup at NASA. He died a lieutenant colonel. At T+68 into the mission, the CAPCOM Richard Covey informed the crew that they were "go at throttle up", and Scobee confirmed the call—his last recorded words were his response, "Roger, go at throttle up." The shuttle broke up at an altitude of 48,000 feet (14.6 km).

Some experts, including one of NASA's lead investigators, Robert Overmyer, who was closest to Scobee, believed most if not all of the crew were alive and possibly conscious during the entire descent until impact with the ocean. After the investigation, Overmyer stated, "I not only flew with Dick Scobee, we owned a plane together, and I know Scob did everything he could to save his crew. Scob fought for any and every edge to survive. He flew that ship without wings all the way down."

Family

Scobee married Virginia June Kent (now June Scobee Rodgers; born November 30, 1942), with whom he had two children: Kathie R. Scobee Fulgham and Lieutenant General Richard W. Scobee. Dick Scobee is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. June remarried in 1989 to retired Army LTG Don Rodgers. Richard graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy, has flown F-16s for the USAF, and has commanded the 506th Air Expeditionary Group, 944th Fighter Wing, the 301st Fighter Wing, the 10th Air Force and U.S. Air Force Reserve Command. He led the military flyover during the pregame of Super Bowl XXX, which was played on the 10th anniversary of the disaster in 1996.

Awards and recognition
On July 9, 1994, the San Antonio College Planetarium was rededicated The Scobee Planetarium. In 2004, Scobee was posthumously awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor and was inducted into the Astronaut Hall of Fame. After the Challenger disaster, a number of schools, streets, and municipal facilities in the U.S. were renamed in his honor. North Auburn Elementary School in Auburn, WA was renamed Dick Scobee Elementary, and Auburn Municipal Airport became Dick Scobee Field. Dick Scobee Memorial Airfield is a radio-controlled and model aircraft facility located at George Bush Park in western Harris County, Texas. Multiple flying fields in his honor Control line, remote control, Glider, free flight and more

Scobee Road in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, along with Ronald McNair Boulevard and Christa McAuliffe Street, commemorate Scobee and his fellow Challenger crew members. In Houston, Texas' George Bush Park, there is a R/C (Remote Controlled) Flying Field named in Scobee's honor. He was portrayed by Barry Bostwick in the 1990 TV film Challenger. Scobee also made an appearance in the 1985 IMAX documentary The Dream is Alive, shot during the STS-41C mission. In April 1986, Dick Scobee Elementary School was dedicated in a ceremony attended by his spouse, June.

References

External links

Francis R. Scobee – Arlington National Cemetery
The Auburn, Washington Elementary school named in his honour.

1939 births
1986 deaths
University of Arizona alumni
United States Air Force officers
United States Air Force personnel of the Vietnam War
Accidental deaths in Florida
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
Recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
Recipients of the Air Medal
United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni
Space Shuttle program astronauts
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster
Space Shuttle Challenger disaster victims
People from Auburn, Washington
United States Air Force astronauts
People from Cle Elum, Washington
Military personnel from Washington (state)

Dick Scobee


Camp Chopunnish was the first major camp on the Lewis and Clark Expedition's return voyage.  It is located in Idaho County, Idaho, along the north bank of the Clearwater River, it is now part of the Nez Perce National Historical Park.  It was named after  Lewis' name for the Nez Perces tribe native there.  In the expedition journals it was also called Long Camp (because of the duration of the stay) and Camp Kamiah (for its location).

History

The expedition departed Fort Clatsop, near present-day Astoria, Oregon in March 1806, after a dismal winter near the Pacific coast.  By May 3, they had arrived back among the Nez Perce tribe, but determined that because of snow it was too early to cross the mountains on the Lolo Trail over the Bitterroot Mountains. From mid-May to mid-June the expedition stopped at Camp Chopunnish, stocking food for the mountain crossing.

On June 10 the group moved to a camp on Weippe Prairie in preparation for crossing the Lolo Trail, which, after an initial failure, was crossed in the last week in June.

In 1902, when historian Olin D. Wheeler visited the site, he could still see the sunken circular ring where Lewis and Clark had established their camp. Since that time, however, the integrity of the site has been destroyed. A large sawmill now covers it, and numerous other buildings are located in the vicinity. The area may be viewed from an unmarked turnout on U.S. 12 along the opposite, or southside of the river.

References

External links
Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition Online

Lewis and Clark Expedition
Pre-statehood history of Idaho
Nez Perce National Historical Park
Protected areas of Idaho County, Idaho

Camp Chopunnish


John Elliotson (29 Oktober 1791 – 29 Juli 1868), M.D. (Edinburgh, 1810), M.R.C.P. (London, 1810), M.B. (Oxford, 1816), M.D. (Oxford, 1821), F.R.C.P. (London, 1822), F.R.S. (1829) adalah seorang profesor prinsip dan praktik pengobatan di Universitas Kolese London (1832), dan dokter senior di University College Hospital (1834).

Serba-serbi
Ia merupakan antagonis utama dalam permainan Assassin's Creed: Syndicate, yang menampilkan eksperimen-eksperimen brutal dan fatal

Media Eksternal
 Professor John Elliotson appears as an antagonist in the video game Assassin's Creed Syndicate.
 Student Record for John Elliotson -- University of Edinburgh, Centre for Research Collections, Individual Records, Students of Medicine (1762–1826)
 Elliotson's (1810) M.D. graduation record: "Jo. Elliotson, Anglus. De inflammation" ("John Elliotson, England. [Title of inaugural dissertation]: Inflammation") – University of Edinburgh (1867), p.42.
 [https://archive.org/stream/britishmedicaldi00lond#page/266/mode/1up Elliotson's entry in the first edition of the British Medical Directory (1853)]—The Lancet (1853)
 Elliotson's (greatly diminished in size) entry in the second edition of the British Medical Directory (1854)—The Lancet (1854)
 Elliotson's entry in the first edition of The Medical Register (1860)—The General Medical Council (1859)

 Catatan kaki

 Karya
 1817: Elliotson, J. (trans.), Blumenbach, J.F., The Institutions of Physiology (Institutiones Physiologicæ.
 1820: Elliotson, J., Numerous Cases Illustrative of the Efficacy of the Hydrocyanic Or Prussic Prussic Acid in Affections of the Stomach., etc., Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, (London), 1820.
 1827: Elliotson, J., "The Use of the Sulphate of Copper in Chronic Diarrhoea, to which are added some Observations on the use of Acupuncture in Rheumatism", Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, Vol.13, Part 2, (1827), pp.451-468.
 1830: Elliotson, J., On the Recent Improvements in the Art of Distinguishing the Various Diseases of the Heart, etc., Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, (London), 1830.
 1832: Elliotson, J., "Acupuncture", pp.32-34 in Forbes, J., Tweedie, A. & Conolly, J. (eds), The Cyclopædia of Practical Medicine: Comprising Treatises on the Nature and Treatment of Diseases, Materia Medica and Therapeutics, Medical Jurisprudence, etc. etc., Volume I (Abd-Ele), Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, (London), 1832.
 1835: Elliotson, J., Human Physiology, Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, (London), 1835.
 1839: Elliotson, J. and Rogers, N., The Principles and Practice of Medicine, etc., Joseph Butler, (London), 1839.
 1843: Elliotson, J., Numerous Cases of Surgical Operations without Pain in the Mesmeric state, with Remarks upon the Opposition of many Members of the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society and others to the Reception of the Inestimable Blessings of Mesmerism, H. Ballière, (London), 1843.
 1843: Engledue, W.C., Cerebral Physiology and Materialism, with the Result of the Application of Animal Magnetism to the Cerebral Organs: An Address delivered to the Phrenological Association in London, June 20, 1842, by W. C. Engledue, M.D.; With a Letter from Dr Elliotson, On Mesmeric Phrenology and Materialism, J. Watson, (London), 1843.
 1844: Elliotson, J, "Case of Epilepsy Cured by Mesmerism", The Zoist: A Journal of Cerebral Physiology & Mesmerism, and Their Applications to Human Welfare, Vol.2, No.6, (July 1844), pp.194-238.
 1846: Elliotson, J., The Harveian Oration, Delivered before the Royal College of Physicians, London 1846, by John Elliotson, M.D. Cantab. F.R.S., Fellow of the College, With an English Version and Notes, (1846).
 1855: Elliotson, J., "An Instance of Sleep and Cure by Imagination only", The Zoist: A Journal of Cerebral Physiology & Mesmerism, and Their Applications to Human Welfare, Vol.12, No.48, (January 1855), pp.396-403.

 Referensi

 Anon, "Elliotson, John (1791-1868)", Encyclopædia Britannica (Eleventh Edition), Vol.IX, Cambridge, (1910), p.291.
 Anon, "The Elliotson Legend", The British Medical Journal, Vol.2, No.2654, (11 November 1911), pp.1313-1314.
 Clarke, J.F., "A Strange Chapter in the History of Medicine", pp.155-169 in [1874], Clarke, J.F., Autobiographical Recollections of the Medical Profession, J. & A. Churchill, (London,), 1874.
 Collyer, R.H., Psychography, or, The Embodiment of Thought: With an Analysis of Phreno-magnetism, "Neurology", and Mental Hallucination, Including Rules to Govern and Produce the Magnetic State, Zeiber & Co., (Philadelphia), 1843.
 Cooter, R J., "Phrenology and British Alienists, c.1825-1845, Part I: Converts to a Doctrine", Medical History, Vol. 20, No.1, (January 1976), pp. 1–21. doi=10.1017/S0025727300021761
 Cooter, R J., "Phrenology and British Alienists, c.1825-1845, Part II: Doctrine and Practice", Medical History, Vol.20, No.2, (April 1976), pp. 135–151. doi=10.1017/S0025727300022195
 Cooter, R.J., The Cultural Meaning of Popular Science: Phrenology and the Organization of Consent in Nineteenth-Century Britain, Cambridge University Press, (Cambridge), 1984.
 Gauld, A., A History of Hypnotism, Cambridge University Press, (Cambridge), 1992
 Gauld, A., "Elliotson, John (1791-1868)", pp. 192–193 in Matthew, H.C.G. & Harrison, B.H. (eds.), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: In Association with the British Academy: from the Earliest Times to the Year 2000, Oxford University Press, (Oxford), 2004.
 Godwin, J., The Theosophical Enlightenment, State University of New York Press, (Albany), 1994.
 James, C.D., "Mesmerism: a Prelude to Anaesthesia", Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol.68, No.7, (July 1975), pp. 446–447.
 Kaplan, F., John Elliotson on Mesmerism, Da Capo Press, (New York), 1982.
 "Mesmeric Amputation", Medico-Chirurgical Review, and Journal of Practical Medicine, No.75, (1 January 1843), pp.280-282.
 Ridgway, E.S., "John Elliotson (1791-1868): A Bitter Enemy of Legitimate Medicine? Part I: Earlier Years and the Introduction to Mesmerism", Journal of Medical Biography, Vol.1, No.4, (November 1993), pp. 191–198.
 Ridgway, E.S., "John Elliotson (1791-1868): A Bitter Enemy of Legitimate Medicine? Part II: The Mesmeric Scandal and Later Years", Journal of Medical Biography, Vol.2, No.1, (February 1994), pp. 1–7.
 Rosen, G., "John Elliotson: Physician and Hypnotist", Bulletin of the Institute of the History of Medicine, Vol.4, (1936), pp. 600–603.
 Rosen, G., "Mesmerism and Surgery: A Strange Chapter in the History of Anesthesia", Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Vol.1, No.4, (October 1946), pp. 527–550. doi=10.1093/jhmas/1.4.527
 Ruth, J., "'Gross Humbug' or 'The Language of Truth'? The Case of the Zoist", Victorian Periodicals Review, Vol.32, No.4, (Winter 1999), pp. 299–323.
 Schneck, J.M., "John Elliotson, William Makepeace Thackeray, and Doctor Goodenough", International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, Vol.11, No.2, (April 1963), p. 122-130. doi=10.1080/00207146308409236
 Topham, W. & Ward, W.S., Account of a Case of Successful Amputation of the Thigh, During the Mesmeric State, Without the Knowledge of the Patient. Read to the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London on Tuesday 22nd November, 1842, H. Baillière, (London), 1842.
 Wheeler, J.M., "Elliotson (John, M.D., FRS)", pp.120-121 in Wheeler, J.M., A Biographical Dictionary of Freethinkers of All Ages and Nations, Progressive Publishing Company, (London), 1889.
 Winter, A., Mesmerized: Powers of Mind in Victorian Britain'', The University of Chicago Press, (Chicago), 1998.

Kelahiran 1791
Kematian 1868

John Elliotson


Gearbox Software is an American video game development company based in Frisco, Texas. It was established in February 1999 by 5 developers. Randy Pitchford, one of the founders, serves as the president and CEO of Gearbox.

Games
Gearbox originally created expansions for the Valve game Half-Life, then ported that game and others to console platforms. In 2005, Gearbox made its own games, Brothers in Arms as an example, for consoles. It became their main franchise and spun off a comic book series, television documentary, books, and action figures. Their second original game series, Borderlands, was made in 2009, and by 2015 had sold over 26 million copies. The company also owns the property of Duke Nukem and Homeworld.

Expansion
Gearbox expanded into publishing with the start of Gearbox Publishing in 2015. A parent company, The Gearbox Entertainment Company, was made for Gearbox Software and Gearbox Publishing in 2019. Gearbox Entertainment was bought by the Embracer Group in April 2021, becoming its seventh major label. A third division, Gearbox Studios, to focus on TV and film productions, was established in October 2021.

American video game companies
1999 establishments in the United States
Companies based in Texas

Gearbox Software