Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families is a nonfiction book by J. Anthony Lukas, published by Alfred A. Knopf in 1985, that examines race relations in Boston, Massachusetts, through the prism of desegregation busing.  It received the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, the National Book Award for Nonfiction,
and the National Book Critics Circle Award.

In addition to the family stories, Common Ground examines many of the issues related to busing, including the protest movements, the disaffection between the "two-toilet" Irish middle class and their working-class brethren, the impact of busing on national politics, and the evolution of the city's newsmedia.

A television miniseries based on the book aired in 1990.

Content
The book traces the history of three families: the working-class African-American Twymons, the working-class Irish McGoffs, and the middle-class Yankee Divers. It gives brief genealogical histories of each families, focusing on how the events they went through illuminated Boston history, before narrowing its focus to the racial tension of the 1960s and the 1970s. Through their stories, Common Ground focuses on racial and class conflicts in two Boston neighborhoods: the working-class Irish-American enclave of Charlestown and the uneasily integrated South End.

Each family is directly involved in the busing crisis. The McGoffs are proud residents of Charlestown who see an attempt to change the dynamics of their school as an assault on their families. The Twymons have long endured sub-standard education and are hoping that busing will finally change this. Colin Diver, a Harvard Law School graduate and assistant to Mayor Kevin White, and his wife Joan Diver, director of The Hyams Foundation, move into the gentrifying South End, a block from one of the Twymon sisters, who lives with her children in the shoddily constructed Methunion Manor housing project. The Divers are in favor of busing, but the effects hit home when they learn that it may result in their own son being bused to a foreign neighborhood. After six years of combating racial and class tension and street violence, the Divers leave the city for suburban Newton.

Criticism

Robert Dentler, a sociologist who helped Judge Garrity draft the busing plan, criticized Common Ground for "distorted, questionable legends" and a "docudramatic method of reporting" that "cloak[ed] the ignorance, fear, and hostility of the minority of citizens in the white enclaves of Boston who initiated racial violence in the robe of civic innocence."

However, in a retrospective appreciation, LynNell Hancock of the Columbia Journalism Review wrote, "Anthony Lukas was a perfectionist in a world that is far from perfect. Common Ground is probably as close to that ideal as journalism can get."

Contents by chapter
 Diver - Colin Diver, living in Cambridge, responds to the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
 Twymon - Rachel Twymon and her family, living in Orchard Park, respond to King's assassination; King's and Louis Farrakhan's ties to Boston
 McGoff - Alice McGoff, living in Charlestown, responds to King's assassination; the political rise of John F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy
 Diver - Boston Mayor Kevin White and the city's elite respond to King's assassination; James Brown's concert in Boston calming racial tensions; Diver decides to work for White
 Twymon - Genealogical history of Rachel Twymon; history of slavery and abolitionism in Boston
 McGoff - Genealogical history of Alice McGoff; Irish immigration to Boston; history of Charlestown
 Diver - Genealogical history of Joan McKechnie and Colin Diver; James A. Parker's 1963 housing discrimination lawsuit in Lexington
 Twymon - Jonathan Kozol is fired from the Christopher Gibson School in Dorchester, where five of Rachel's children attend; the Coleman Report; Rachel's children attend parochial school, an East Boston junior high school, Boston English
 The Chairwoman - Boston School Committee Chairwoman Louise Day Hicks opposes school desegregation, establishes Restore Our Alienated Rights (ROAR)
 McGoff - Alice Kirk (McGoff)'s family; the rise of William J. Galvin to City Council president; racial conflict in Charlestown
 Diver - the Divers move to West Newton Street in the South End; gentrification in the neighborhood
 Twymon - Rachel Twymon battles lupus to run a failing shop in Roxbury; history of Union United Methodist Church in the South End; construction of Methunion Manor
 Diver - Colin handles urban renewal battles, including Logan Airport expansion; White's failed gubernatorial bid; redlining in Boston; passage and failed repeal of the Racial Imbalance Act
 The Judge - W. Arthur Garrity Jr. and his busing plan
 McGoff - Ted Kennedy is pelted at City Hall by anti-busing protesters; Alice McGoff becomes an anti-busing activist in ROAR
 Twymon - Rachel Twymon's daughters Cassandra and Rachel are bused to Charlestown schools; anti-busing protests at Charlestown High School
 McGoff - Alice McGoff's children at Charlestown High participate in anti-busing protest; they witness The Soiling of Old Glory incident
 Diver - busing plan threatens the experimental Bancroft School in the South End; Boston philanthropy; Joan rises to become director of the Hyams Foundation; anti-busing activists protest the United Way of Massachusetts
 McGoff - the McGoffs, the Catholic Church, and the busing crisis
 The Cardinal - Cardinal Humberto Sousa Medeiros; Cardinal William Henry O'Connell; Cardinal Richard Cushing
 Twymon - fiscal problems of Union United Methodist and Methunion Manor; Rachel Twymon's disciplinary problems with her children; street crime
 Diver - gentrification conflicts in the South End; street crime directly affects the Divers
 McGoff - riot police enforce busing in Charlestown; Tip O'Neill opposes anti-busing amendment; anti-busing protesters dwindle as splits emerge on class lines
 The Editor - Boston Globe Editor Tom Winship; the Globe responds to civil rights movement, changing demographics, busing crisis
 Twymon - Rachel Twymon's sister Alva Walker Debnam buys a home in Dorchester; family undergoes a racist siege of violence and intimidation; United States Bicentennial; race riot that day centered around Debnams leads to Tommy Walker seriously injuring three rioters WALKER, COMMONWEALTH vs., 379 Mass. 297
 McGoff - Lisa McGoff, Alice's daughter, becomes Charlestown High's senior class president
 Twymon - Rachel's son Freddie is convicted of rape; conflict between Rachel and her family; successes in the Twymon household
 The Mayor - Kevin White almost becomes George McGovern's vice presidential candidate; White's rise to power; détente with Hicks; conflict with Garrity; "retreat from the tough issues"
 Diver - ongoing street violence and ineffective response; decline of the Bancroft; Divers move to Newton
Epilogue

Other characters
Other notable Boston figures who play roles in the book include Barney Frank as an aide to Mayor Kevin White, young reporter Mike Barnicle, White foil Ted Kennedy, and community organizer Mel King.

Legacy
It would be revealed in April, 2021, that the son that Rachel Twymon (daughter) put up for adoption was former Boston City Councilor and former Mayoral Candidate Tito Jackson (politician), who reconnected with her decades later.

References

External links

1985 non-fiction books
Alfred A. Knopf books
National Book Award for Nonfiction winning works
National Book Critics Circle Award-winning works
Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction-winning works
Race in the United States
Books about Boston
Books about race and ethnicity

Common Ground (Lukas book)


The Little Mermaid () is a statue in Copenhagen, Denmark. It sits on a rock in the harbor. It was inspired by a performance of a ballet based on the fairy tale The Little Mermaid by Hans Christian Andersen. It is  tall.  Sculptor Edvard Eriksen created the bronze statue. It was presented to the public on 23 August 1913.

The statue was the idea of Carl Jacobsen, son of the founder of Carlsberg. He asked ballerina, Ellen Price of Copenhagen's Royal Theatre, to pose for the statue. Only the statue's head was modelled on Price. She did not agree to pose in the nude, so the sculptor's wife, Eline Eriksen, posed for the body.

The Little Mermaid has been the victim of vandalism many times since the 1960s.  Her head has been cut off, and she has had paint poured over her several times. In September 2003, the statue was knocked off its base with explosives. The statue has always been repaired after such acts.

References

Other websites

 The Little Mermaid 360 degree QuickTime VR panorama from Copenhagen

Copenhagen
Statues
1910s works

The Little Mermaid (statue)


The Columbus Blue Jackets (often simply referred to as the Jackets) are a professional ice hockey team based in Columbus, Ohio. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Metropolitan Division in the Eastern Conference, and began play as an expansion team in 2000.

The Blue Jackets struggled in their initial years, failing to win 30 games in a season until 2005–06. The team qualified for the Stanley Cup playoffs for the first time in 2009, but were swept by the Detroit Red Wings. Columbus ultimately notched their first playoff game victory in the 2014 playoffs, and won their first playoff series in the 2019 playoffs against the Tampa Bay Lightning, becoming the first team in NHL history to sweep a Presidents' Trophy winner in the first round. Along with the Seattle Kraken, the Blue Jackets are one of only two teams in the league who have never yet appeared in the conference finals.

The Blue Jackets' name and logos are inspired by Ohio's Civil War history. The Blue Jackets play their home games at Nationwide Arena in downtown Columbus, which opened in 2000. They are affiliated with the Cleveland Monsters of the AHL.

Franchise history

Building a new franchise (1997–2000)
Prior to the establishment of the Blue Jackets, the last NHL team in the state of Ohio was the Cleveland Barons, who played from 1976 to 1978. In Columbus, the Blue Jackets replaced the Columbus Chill of the ECHL, who played in the city from 1991 to 1999. The Chill played at the Ohio Expo Center Coliseum, where they set a minor league hockey record by selling out 83 consecutive games.

In November 1996, five investors formed a partnership called Columbus Hockey Limited, who then submitted an application and a $100,000 fee to the NHL office. The voters of Columbus were considering a referendum to build a publicly financed arena, a major step toward approval of their NHL bid. When League Commissioner Gary Bettman visited Columbus to meet with the community's leaders about the franchise proposal, there was concern that the voters might not pass the needed referendum. The civic leaders told Bettman that they would not be willing to foot the bill for the team if the referendum failed. However, just after the meeting adjourned, John H. McConnell (one of those who entered the bid) privately guaranteed Bettman that an arena would be built, referendum or not.

Columbus' hopes for the bid dimmed when the May referendum failed. However, Nationwide announced on May 31, 1997, that it would finance the $150-million arena. Subsequently, on June 25, 1997, the NHL announced that Columbus would receive a new franchise. Afterwards a "Name the Team" contest was held with the help of Wendy's throughout central Ohio during the month of August 1997. The franchise received 14,000 entries and, with help from the NHL, narrowed the list down to 10 names. Then, with the information received from owner McConnell regarding Columbus' history, the league and the franchise narrowed the list of potential names down to two – Blue Jackets and Justice. The former, which referenced Ohio's contributions to the American Civil War, was eventually announced as the team name in November.

On June 23, 2000, the NHL's two newest teams, the Blue Jackets and the Minnesota Wild, took part in the 2000 NHL Expansion Draft in Calgary, Alberta. Under the draft's rules, 26 of the NHL's active 28 teams were allowed to protect one goaltender, five defensemen, and nine forwards, or two goaltenders, three defensemen, and seven forwards. The Atlanta Thrashers and Nashville Predators both had their full rosters protected because they were the two newest teams, only being in existence for one and two years, respectively. Both the Blue Jackets and Wild had to use their first 24 selections on three goaltenders, eight defensemen, and thirteen forwards. Their final two picks could be players of any position.

With the first-overall choice, the Blue Jackets selected goaltender Rick Tabaracci from the Colorado Avalanche. Over the course of the draft, Columbus picked up goaltender Dwayne Roloson, defensemen Lyle Odelein and Mathieu Schneider, and forwards Geoff Sanderson, Turner Stevenson and Dallas Drake, among others. Instead of joining Columbus, Roloson signed with the American Hockey League's Worcester IceCats, Schneider left for the Los Angeles Kings, and the St. Louis Blues signed Drake. Columbus also traded Stevenson to the New Jersey Devils to complete an earlier transaction.

The Blue Jackets and Wild were granted concessions by some franchises who could not protect their full rosters. The San Jose Sharks traded Jan Caloun, a ninth-round pick in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft, and a 2001 conditional pick to Columbus; in return, the Blue Jackets agreed not to select the Sharks' unprotected goaltender Evgeni Nabokov. On June 24, at the 2000 NHL Entry Draft, Columbus selected Rostislav Klesla fourth overall.

Early years (2000–2005)
The Blue Jackets played their first regular season game on October 7, 2000, a 5–3 loss to the Chicago Blackhawks. Bruce Gardiner scored the franchise's first goal. Columbus finished with a 28–39–9–6 record for 71 points, last in the Central Division, and failed to qualify for the playoffs. Geoff Sanderson became the first player in team history to score 30 goals. Ron Tugnutt, who was signed in the summer of 2000, supplied solid goaltending with 22 wins, which tied the 74-year-old NHL record for wins by an expansion-team goaltender (New York Rangers' Lorne Chabot also had 22 wins in 1926–27).

The Blue Jackets finished next-to-last in the NHL in the following season, with only 57 points. Ray Whitney, acquired from the Florida Panthers the previous season, led the team in scoring with 61 points, setting a franchise record. Tragedy struck the Blue Jackets organization in March 2002 when 13-year-old Brittanie Cecil was killed after a deflected puck shot by Espen Knutsen struck her in the head while she was in the stands at Nationwide Arena. As a result of her death, large nylon mesh nets were installed behind the goals in all NHL arenas to shield spectators from pucks going over the glass. The team also wore small red hearts with the initials "BNC" on their helmets.

During the off-season, the Blue Jackets traded a second-round draft pick (32nd overall) and Ron Tugnutt to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Dallas' first-round pick (20th overall) in the 2002 Entry Draft. On the morning of the draft, Columbus traded the third-overall pick and the option to flip draft spots in 2003 to the Florida Panthers; in return, Columbus received the first-overall pick, which they used to select Rick Nash.

The 2002–03 season started with Columbus putting up a 7–5–1–1 record after the first 14 games. However, as expectations from their fans grew higher, the team came back to mediocrity, finishing last in the Central Division for the third consecutive season with 69 points and missing the playoffs once again. Dave King, who had been the team's head coach since their debut in 2000, was fired mid-season and replaced by general manager Doug MacLean. Marc Denis was named starting goaltender; he played a franchise-record 77 games that season and set a league record with 4,511 minutes played in 2002–03. He tied for second all-time for games played in a season by a goaltender, just two shy of the league record held by St. Louis Blues' Grant Fuhr in the 1995–96 season.

The 2003–04 season was another losing season for the Blue Jackets despite key additions in the off-season. Checking center Todd Marchant was signed to a five-year contract in July from the Edmonton Oilers. Defenseman Darryl Sydor, known to play strong offense as well, was acquired from the Dallas Stars for Mike Sillinger and a draft pick. MacLean stepped aside as head coach midway through the season, giving way to Gerard Gallant. The Blue Jackets finished with just 62 points (the second-lowest total in their short history), but it was enough to help them break out of last place in the Central Division for the first time, finishing ahead of the Chicago Blackhawks. Nash was one of the few bright spots for the team; his 41 goals tied Jarome Iginla and Ilya Kovalchuk for the Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy (as League leader in goals scored).

In the 2004 off-season, the NHL Players' Association (NHLPA) and NHL administration failed to renew their collective bargaining agreement. September 14, 2004, marked the beginning of the lockout of the 2004–05 season. No games were played and the Stanley Cup was not awarded for the first time since the flu epidemic of 1919. An agreement was made on July 13, 2005, and the lockout officially ended nine days later on July 22, 2005.

Nash era and rebuilding (2005–2012)
In the summer of 2005, rugged Colorado Avalanche defenseman Adam Foote agreed to a three-year deal with the team. Heading into the 2005–06 season, it appeared the Blue Jackets would finally take the next step and make the playoffs. Instead, injuries to Rick Nash, Rostislav Klesla and Gilbert Brule, the team's 2005 first-round pick, led to the team putting up a dismal 9–25–1 record through its first 35 games. Superstar Sergei Fedorov was acquired from the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim; Anaheim received Tyler Wright and Francois Beauchemin, and later claimed Todd Marchant off waivers. While again failing to make the playoffs, Columbus did manage to improve. They had the best overtime record in the NHL (14–4) and finished the season with franchise records for wins (35) and points (74). For the first time ever, they earned a third-place finish in the Central Division, behind Detroit and Nashville.

The 2006–07 season saw several changes made to the team. In the off-season, Marc Denis was dealt to the Tampa Bay Lightning for forward Fredrik Modin and goaltender Fredrik Norrena, making way for Pascal Leclaire to take the starting job. The Blue Jackets also signed Anson Carter when it looked as if Nikolay Zherdev would be playing the season in Russia; in late September, however, Zherdev and general manager Doug MacLean were able to reach a compromise. Partway through the season, on November 13, 2006, Gerard Gallant was relieved of his duties as head coach. The next day, Gary Agnew was named his interim replacement. On November 22, Ken Hitchcock, former coach of the Dallas Stars and Philadelphia Flyers, was named the new head coach, effective the following day. Under Hitchcock's first year, two milestones were set: on December 10, 2006, the Blue Jackets scored a team-record five power-play goals in a 6–2 win over the Ottawa Senators, and on April 3, 2007, the Blue Jackets broke the modern-day record for most times being shut-out in a season (16) with a 3–0 loss to the Detroit Red Wings.

On April 18, 2007, Doug MacLean, the team's first general manager and president, was fired after nine years and six seasons at the helm without a playoff berth. Mike Priest, president of Blue Jackets parent company JMAC, Inc., was named president of the club, while Assistant general manager Jim Clark served as general manager until the Blue Jackets named Edmonton Oilers Assistant general manager Scott Howson as the new general manager on June 15, 2007. On October 4, 2007, the Blue Jackets announced their affiliation with the Elmira Jackals, which replaced their former affiliation with the Dayton Bombers as the club's ECHL affiliate.

The 2007–08 season, the club's first full season under Hitchcock, started off well as the Jackets got off to their best start in franchise history, starting with a 4–0 shutout of the defending Stanley Cup champion Anaheim Ducks. At the trade deadline on February 26, 2008, however, apparently unable to agree on a new contract and amid some controversy, Blue Jackets captain Adam Foote requested a trade to the Colorado Avalanche, which was granted. The Blue Jackets received a pair of conditional picks in return. A few weeks later, on March 12, 2008, former Blue Jackets number-one draft pick Rick Nash was named the new team captain. Despite this, Columbus managed its best season record to date, staying above a .500 game wins average until the final game of the season and finishing fourth in the Central Division with 80 points. After the season, Nash was announced as the cover player for the NHL 2K9 video game by Take-Two Interactive.

At the 2008 NHL Entry Draft, the Blue Jackets selected Nikita Filatov with the sixth overall pick. They also traded away the 19th overall pick (acquired from the Colorado Avalanche in exchange for Adam Foote) for R. J. Umberger. The Blue Jackets made many trades in the 2008 off-season. Gilbert Brule was traded to the Edmonton Oilers for Raffi Torres. Enigmatic forward Nikolay Zherdev and Dan Fritsche were traded to the New York Rangers in exchange for defensemen Fedor Tyutin and Christian Backman. The Blue Jackets also signed free agents Kristian Huselius and Mike Commodore to multi-year contracts. On July 9, 2008, the Blue Jackets announced they signed Hitchcock to a three-year extension to remain as head coach.

During the 2008–09 season, the Blue Jackets made two trades which greatly played to their benefit. Forward Jason Williams was acquired from the Atlanta Thrashers in exchange for defenseman Clay Wilson and a sixth-round draft pick. The Blue Jackets were also involved with the first major deal of the 2009 NHL trade deadline, by trading goaltender Pascal Leclaire and a second-round draft pick to the Ottawa Senators for skilled center Antoine Vermette. The changes in scenery benefited both players and the Jackets; Williams scored 28 points in his first 36 games as a Jacket, while Vermette scored 11 points in his first 14 games with the team. Rick Nash scored 79 points throughout the season, setting a franchise record.

On April 8, 2009, the Columbus Blue Jackets secured the first Stanley Cup playoff berth in the franchise's eight-year history with a 4–3 shootout win over the Chicago Blackhawks. However, they were swept in the first round by the Detroit Red Wings in four games, and would not qualify for the playoffs for the next four seasons. With 21 games remaining and sitting four points out of eighth in the Western Conference, the Blue Jackets dealt long time defenseman Rostislav Klesla and Dane Byers to the Phoenix Coyotes in exchange for Scottie Upshall and Sami Lepisto at the trade deadline on February 28, 2011.

In the 2011 off-season, in an attempt to make a serious playoff run, the Blue Jackets traded 2007 first-round pick Jakub Voracek, their 2011 first-round pick (Sean Couturier) and a third-round pick (Nick Cousins) to the Philadelphia Flyers for All-Star center Jeff Carter. They also signed several free agents: James Wisniewski, Vaclav Prospal and Radek Martinek. However, after a disastrous start to the 2011–12 season that saw the firing of head coach Scott Arniel, Carter was traded to the Los Angeles Kings for Jack Johnson and a conditional first-round pick after playing just 39 games with the Blue Jackets. The Blue Jackets also traded veteran centers Antoine Vermette and Samuel Pahlsson for goaltender Curtis McElhinney and several draft picks at the trade deadline. There was also heavy speculation that captain Rick Nash would be traded at the deadline. Although Nash was not traded, general manager Scott Howson publicly announced that he had privately requested a trade, a move that has stirred up much controversy. Nash was eventually traded to the New York Rangers on July 23, 2012, for Brandon Dubinsky, Artem Anisimov, prospect Tim Erixon and a 2013 first-round draft pick. At the 2012 NHL Entry Draft, the Blue Jackets traded their second and fourth round picks to the Philadelphia Flyers for the eventual winner of the 2013 Vezina Trophy, goaltender Sergei Bobrovsky.

The 2012–13 lockout and season saw changes to the executive and front office of the organization. John Davidson was named as president of hockey operations for the Blue Jackets on October 24. On February 12, Scott Howson was relieved of his duties as general manager. Jarmo Kekalainen, who had previously worked with Davidson in St. Louis, was hired away from Jokerit of the Finnish SM-liiga to be the new general manager becoming the first European born general manager in the NHL. The Blue Jackets then traded for All-Star forward Marian Gaborik. The Blue Jackets just missed the playoffs via a tiebreaker against the Minnesota Wild, who had more regulation and overtime wins (ROW).

The Kekalainen years (2013–present)

Move into the Eastern Conference

The Blue Jackets moved into the Metropolitan Division of the Eastern Conference in the 2013–14 season after spending its first 13 seasons in the Central Division of the Western Conference. The other teams in the Metropolitan Division consist of the Carolina Hurricanes, New Jersey Devils, New York Islanders, New York Rangers, Philadelphia Flyers, Pittsburgh Penguins and Washington Capitals, the latter six of which once composed the old Patrick Division. On April 9, 2014, the Blue Jackets clinched their second playoff spot in franchise history by winning a 3–1 game against the Dallas Stars. This game was also noted for being a game resumed after being postponed on March 10, 2014, due to Rich Peverley's cardiac event in which the Blue Jackets led 1–0. The NHL decided to keep the goal scored by Nathan Horton and resumed the game with a full 60 minutes. Nathan Horton made history by being credited for scoring a goal while not suiting up for the game.

The Blue Jackets faced the Pittsburgh Penguins in the first round (Eastern Conference Quarter-finals) of the 2014 Stanley Cup playoffs. This series had a trend that was noted for making 3–1 leads end up as 4–3 loss. Game 1 and 2 were at the Consol Energy Center in downtown Pittsburgh. The Blue Jackets made a large jump in history when Jack Johnson scored the first goal of the game. This was the first time in franchise history that Columbus ever led a postseason game. The Jackets lead the game 3–1 at one point from goals by Mark Letestu and Derek MacKenzie. However, the Penguins rallied to win it 4–3. Game 2 was the opposite. Pittsburgh led 3–1 at one point, but Columbus rallied to win Game 2 4–3 by an overtime goal from Matt Calvert. This was the first playoff victory in franchise history. Pittsburgh won Game 3 by a score of 4–3. Game 4 was a memorable night at Nationwide Arena. Columbus was down 3–0, and 3–1 by the end of the first period. Boone Jenner and Ryan Johansen scored to make it 3–2 by the end of the second period. Brandon Dubinsky scored the game-tying goal with 22.5 seconds left in regulation, after a miss-play with the puck by Marc-Andre Fleury. Nick Foligno went on to score the game-winning goal in overtime. In the locker room during intermission, he supposedly told the team that he will score the game-winner. Pittsburgh, however, went on to win the next two games and took the best-of-seven series in six games.

The 2014–15 season was most notable for the number of injuries the Jackets incurred. The Jackets lead the league in man-games lost with 502. At one point, the injured reserve list consisted of 15 players, including stars Sergei Bobrovsky, Brandon Dubinsky, Jack Johnson, and Ryan Murray. When the team's injured players began to return in late February, they were able to accumulate wins the way they had the previous two seasons and in the process, set a franchise record earning nine consecutive wins. However, the Blue Jackets still finished fifth in the Metropolitan Division and missed the playoffs by nine points despite a 42–35–5 record. On May 20, 2015, Nick Foligno was named the sixth captain in team history. The position had been vacant since Rick Nash was traded to the New York Rangers in July 2012. On June 30, 2015, the Jackets traded centers Marko Dano and Artem Anisimov, along with wingers Jeremy Morin and Corey Tropp, to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Brandon Saad. This move was the subject of much controversy in Chicago since Blackhawks general manager Stan Bowman had publicly said that Saad was going to be a part of the organization for many years to come. The Jackets also acquired Michael Paliotta and Alex Broadhurst in the trade. The Jackets signed center Gregory Campbell from the Boston Bruins a few days later.

Tortorella era (2015–2021)
The Blue Jackets initially went into the 2015–16 season with high expectations. However, the team got off to an inauspicious start by losing their first eight regular season games in regulation, the second longest losing streak to start a season in NHL history. This prompted the Jackets to fire head coach Todd Richards and hire John Tortorella in his place. On January 6, 2016, the Blue Jackets traded Ryan Johansen to the Nashville Predators in exchange for defenseman Seth Jones. The Blue Jackets record at the end of the season was 34–40–8, and were ranked 27th overall in the NHL. They closed out the season on a high note, however, as they won the season finale against the defending Stanley Cup champion Blackhawks, overcoming a 3–0 deficit after the first period to win 5–4 in overtime.

The Blue Jackets set three franchise records during the 2016–17 season. On November 4, 2016, the Blue Jackets scored a franchise-record ten goals in a 10–0 shutout win against the Montreal Canadiens, becoming the first team to do so since 2011 (when the St. Louis Blues beat the Detroit Red Wings 10–3). In mid-November, the Blue Jackets got a franchise record seventh consecutive win at home. During a franchise-record 16-game win streak that started in late November, Tortorella recorded his 500th career win in a 4–3 Blue Jackets overtime win on the road against the Vancouver Canucks, becoming the first American-born head coach to reach 500 wins. The team had a record of 14–0–0 in December. The team's win streak ended in early January when they lost 5–0 to the Washington Capitals. The win streak was the second longest in NHL history behind the 1992–93 Pittsburgh Penguins' 17 consecutive games. The team finished with a record of 50–24–8 and 108 points, setting a franchise record.

During the first round of the 2017 playoffs, the Blue Jackets were placed in a matchup against the Pittsburgh Penguins. The team lost three straight games to begin the series, but won the fourth game to save themselves from elimination. This game in which they won 5–4 marked the Blue Jackets' first regulation win in the Stanley Cup Playoffs. Despite this, they would ultimately lose the series in five games. In the following off-season, on June 23, 2017, the Jackets made another deal with the Blackhawks sending Brandon Saad back to Chicago for Artemi Panarin and Tyler Motte.

The Blue Jackets returned to the playoffs in 2018 as a wild card qualifier, going in back-to-back years for the first time. There they faced the Metropolitan Division champion Washington Capitals in the first round, winning the first two games in overtime and their first series lead. However, they lost the next four games and the series in six games.

In 2019, the Blue Jackets, with expiring contracts, went all-in at the trade deadline, acquiring Matt Duchene and Ryan Dzingel, along with several other players. They returned to the playoffs as the second wild card, where they swept the Presidents' Trophy winner Tampa Bay Lightning in the First Round to win their first ever playoff series, but lost their Second Round series in six games to the Boston Bruins. The Blue Jackets would then lose long-time starting goaltender Sergei Bobrovsky, Matt Duchene, and the team's leader in points, Artemi Panarin, in free agency during the 2019 off-season.

On March 12, 2020, the 2019–20 season was paused due to the COVID-19 pandemic, with the remainder of the regular season being officially cancelled on May 26. On August 1, the season would resume and follow a 24-team playoff format. The Blue Jackets advanced to the playoffs after defeating the Toronto Maple Leafs in five games in the Qualifying Round. The Blue Jackets then faced the Tampa Bay Lightning in a first round rematch of last season. They lost Game 1 in the 5th overtime period, and went on to lose the series in five games.

During the 2020 off-season, star forward Pierre-Luc Dubois signed a two-year extension with the Blue Jackets but would later request a trade from the team. The shortened 56-game 2020–21 season saw the Blue Jackets placed and struggle in the Central Division, under the NHL's realigned divisions. After being benched for the second and third periods in what would be his last game with the team on January 21, 2021, Dubois, along with a 2022 third-round pick, was traded to the Winnipeg Jets in exchange for wingers Patrik Laine and Jack Roslovic on January 23. Veteran players David Savard and captain Nick Foligno would also be traded to the Tampa Bay Lightning and the Toronto Maple Leafs, respectively. The team finished last in their division, with a dismal 18–26–12 record, missing the playoffs for the first time since 2016. Tortorella and the Blue Jackets would then part ways after six seasons.

Rebuilding and the Gaudreau era (2021–present)
The departures of Tortorella and several key players in the past few seasons threw the Blue Jackets into another rebuild, starting with the promotion of assistant coach Brad Larsen to head coach on June 10, 2021. Seth Jones would then be traded to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for defenseman Adam Boqvist and a 2021 first-round pick (Cole Sillinger), and Cam Atkinson to the Philadelphia Flyers for former first-round pick Jakub Voracek.

The 2021–22 season saw the Blue Jackets return to the Metropolitan Division as the NHL reverted to its 82-game regular season. In their season-opening game against the Arizona Coyotes, the team honored backup goaltender Matiss Kivlenieks, who had tragically died in a fireworks accident during the off-season, on July 4, 2021. They raised his number to hang inside Nationwide Arena for the duration of the season. His family also performed a ceremonial puck drop and goaltender Elvis Merzlikins was allowed to wear #80 during said game. They had also established the Matiss Kivlenieks Memorial Fund in his memory in order to promote the growth of hockey in Columbus and his homeland of Latvia.

On October 12, 2021, Boone Jenner was named the seventh captain in franchise history. Under his captaincy, the Blue Jackets started their season with a strong 7–3–0 record in their first ten games, even defeating the eventual Stanley Cup champions Colorado Avalanche in back-to-back games. Despite an improved offense and scoring capabilities, issues with defense and special teams caught up with the team as the season progressed, finishing among the top 10 teams with the highest goals against average. On April 16, 2022, they were officially eliminated from playoff contention when the Washington Capitals defeated the Montreal Canadiens. They finished sixth in their division, with a 37–38–7 record and 81 points.

During the 2022 free agency, the Blue Jackets shocked the hockey world by signing Calgary Flames superstar Johnny Gaudreau to a seven-year contract, following the signing of his teammate, defenseman Erik Gudbranson, to a four-year contract on July 13, 2022. The Gaudreau signing stunned hockey fans and media alike as the franchise had gained a reputation of being unable to sign or retain star players. Gaudreau, who had reportedly been linked to other Metro teams like the New Jersey Devils, New York Islanders, and Philadelphia Flyers for weeks, decided to play for less compensation for Columbus, citing their potential as a young team and that he came there "to win hockey games." Subsequently, in order to re-sign Laine to what would be a four-year contract after the blockbuster signings, the Blue Jackets traded winger Oliver Bjorkstrand to the Seattle Kraken for 2023 late-round picks.

In the 2022–23 season, amid expectations of being a competitive team, the Blue Jackets could not overcome their defensive issues and man games lost due to injuries, especially that of top defenseman Zach Werenski, consistently placing them at the bottom of their division and of the league. The "lost" season would see the Blue Jackets trade forwards Gustav Nyquist to the Minnesota Wild and Jakub Voracek to the Arizona Coyotes; and backup goaltender Joonas Korpisalo and defenseman Vladislav Gavrikov to the Los Angeles Kings for draft picks and prospects. Two-time Stanley Cup-winning goaltender Jonathan Quick, also acquired from the Kings, would be traded to the Vegas Golden Knights in less than two days. On March 17, 2023, the Blue Jackets were eliminated from playoff contention in their 68th game, after a 7–4 loss to the Anaheim Ducks. They finished 8th in their division, with a dismal 25–48–9 record and 59 points, and 31st in the league. On April 15, 2023, they relieved Brad Larsen of his duties as head coach.

For the 2023–24 season, the Blue Jackets made several changes in the off-season. They looked to improve their blue line by trading for Ivan Provorov from the Philadelphia Flyers on June 6, 2023, and then for Damon Severson from the New Jersey Devils three days later. On July 1, they hired Mike Babcock as their new head coach amid much controversy, as he had a reputation of mistreating players. In the 2023 NHL Entry Draft, they used their third overall pick to draft center Adam Fantilli from the University of Michigan. Babcock resigned on September 17, after allegations of improper behavior via the Spittin' Chiclets podcast led to an NHLPA investigation into his conduct. He announced his resignation as head coach before the start of the preseason, with Pascal Vincent being named his successor.

Team information

Team name

The name "Blue Jackets" was chosen to celebrate "patriotism, pride, and the rich Civil War history in the state of Ohio and city of Columbus." When President Abraham Lincoln requested that Ohio raise ten regiments at the outbreak of the Civil War, the state responded by raising a total of 23 volunteer infantry regiments for three months of service. Ohio also produced a number of great Civil War figures, including William Tecumseh Sherman, Ulysses S. Grant, Philip Sheridan and George Custer. Columbus itself was host to large military bases, Camp Chase and Camp Thomas, which saw hundreds of thousands of Union soldiers and thousands of Confederate prisoners during the Civil War.

Logos and jerseys

The team logo is a stylized version of the flag of Ohio, which is a burgee (i.e. swallowtail pennant), in the form of a "C" wrapped around a star, representing both patriotism and Columbus's status as state capital. Previously used as an alternate logo starting in 2003, it became the primary logo as part of a Reebok-sponsored redesign for the 2007–08 season. The original logo had a red ribbon with 13 stars representing the Thirteen Colonies, unfurled in the shape of the team's initials, CBJ, with an electric gold hockey stick cutting through the center to represent the "J." An additional star atop the stick represented Columbus's status as state capital. From 2003 to 2015, the team's jerseys featured an alternate logo, a Civil War cap with crossed hockey sticks, on the shoulders.

Since their inception, the Blue Jackets have worn navy and white jerseys with red pants. The jerseys have been tweaked numerous times over the years, mainly in the crest and striping treatment.

The Blue Jackets unveiled a new third jersey in the 2010–11 season, using a vintage hockey jersey design. In the spirit of its Civil War theme, it sports a union blue base with white stripes on the sleeves and on the shoulder padding. The crest features the team's Civil War-era cannon. It honors the team's founder, John H. McConnell, with his initials on the neckline, as well as its slogan "We fight, we march!" on the inside of the collar. During the 2015 NHL Draft, it was revealed that the cannon crest had replaced the hat logo on the shoulders of the home and away jerseys, with a color change to match the jerseys' color scheme.

For the 2020–21 season, the Blue Jackets would wear "Reverse Retro" alternate uniforms designed by Adidas. The uniform resembled the original white "Stinger" uniforms from 2000 to 2007 but with a red base and white sleeve stripes.

Starting with the 2022–23 season, the Blue Jackets' road white uniform would be paired with blue pants, a combination the team previously wore on May 1, 2021 against the Carolina Hurricanes. The blue pants were also used with the "Reverse Retro" uniform during that season. Also during the season, the Blue Jackets unveiled their second "Reverse Retro" uniform, using the 2003–2007 alternate uniform but with a black base and light blue stripes taken from their current alternates.

"The Cannon"

Prior to the start of the 2007–08 season, the Blue Jackets organization brought a hand-made replica 1857 Napoleon cannon into Nationwide Arena. The cannon is "fired" at home games whenever:
 the Blue Jackets take the ice at the start of the game
 the Blue Jackets score a goal
 the Blue Jackets win the game

It was fired 164 times in its inaugural season (41 home games, 20 home victories, 103 goals scored at home). When the Blue Jackets score a goal, the title line of "For Those About to Rock (We Salute You)" by AC/DC is played when the cannon is fired followed by the chorus of "The Whip" by Locksley.

The Goal Horn for the Blue Jackets, blasted just before the cannon fire, is a Kahlenberg S-203C, a Horn also used by the Philadelphia Flyers, St. Louis Blues, Tampa Bay Lightning, and Toronto Maple Leafs, however the Blue Jackets Horn is more known to be the Blue Jackets, since the start of the Horn goes up a pitch, which fans call "a voice crack".

Broadcast
On Bally Sports Ohio, Jeff Rimer serves as the television play-by-play announcer alongside former Blue Jacket Jody Shelley providing color analysis. Rimer started calling games on television in 2005 with Shelley joining Rimer in 2014–15 replacing previous analyst Bill Davidge. Davidge became co-host of Blue Jackets Live, the televised pre-game, intermission and post-game shows, with Brian Giesenschlag until his retirement at the conclusion of the 2018–2019 season. Beginning with the 2019–2020 season, Giesenschlag's co-host is former Blue Jacket Jean-Luc Grand-Pierre. In-game reporting is provided by Dave Maetzold.

On radio stations WBNS-FM (flagship), WBNS (flagship), WXZX (alternative flagship that airs games that conflict with WBNS's and WBNS-FM's coverage of Ohio State football or men's basketball), and 34 other affiliates in Ohio and West Virginia, Bob McElligott provides play-by-play coverage. McElligott joined the Blue Jackets radio broadcast in July 2009 as a color analyst and became the play-by-play analyst for the 2013–14 season, taking over for George Matthews who had been calling Blue Jackets games since the team's inception in 2000. McElligott, along with Dylan Tyrer, hosts the pre-game and post-game radio shows. Fans can interact by e-mail and Twitter with McElligott and Tyrer
during and after the game.

Mascot
Stinger is the official mascot of the Blue Jackets. Stinger is a 6-foot 9-inch bright green bug that walks amongst the crowd during the games and skates on the ice between periods while wearing a Blue Jackets jersey and a blue hat. Stingers eyebrows are black hockey sticks. Stinger was originally yellow, but was changed to green, eventually mixing with the team's blue. The image of Stinger was on the original Blue Jackets jerseys, eventually being removed in 2003. The team also had another mascot, an anthropomorphic cannon named Boomer, for half of the 2010–11 season.

In-game personalities
Leo Welsh is the official anthem singer of the team. Whenever public address announcer Greg Murray introduces him, the fans shout his first name.

Season-by-season record
This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by the Blue Jackets. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Columbus Blue Jackets seasons

Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against

Players

Current roster

Team captains

 Lyle Odelein, 2000–2002
 Ray Whitney, 2002–2003
 Luke Richardson, 2003–2005
 Adam Foote, 2005–2008
 Rick Nash, 2008–2012
 Nick Foligno, 2015–2021
 Boone Jenner, 2021–present

Team member accomplishments

First-round draft picks

 2000: Rostislav Klesla (4th overall)
 2001: Pascal Leclaire (8th overall)
 2002: Rick Nash (1st overall)
 2003: Nikolay Zherdev (4th overall)
 2004: Alexandre Picard (8th overall)
 2005: Gilbert Brule (6th overall)
 2006: Derick Brassard (6th overall)
 2007: Jakub Voracek (7th overall)
 2008: Nikita Filatov (6th overall)
 2009: John Moore (21st overall)
 2010: Ryan Johansen (4th overall)
 2011: None
 2012: Ryan Murray (2nd overall)
 2013: Alexander Wennberg (14th overall), Kerby Rychel (19th overall), and Marko Dano (27th overall)
 2014: Sonny Milano (16th overall)
 2015: Zach Werenski (8th overall) and Gabriel Carlsson (29th overall)
 2016: Pierre-Luc Dubois (3rd overall)
 2017: None
 2018: Liam Foudy (18th overall)
 2019: None
 2020: Yegor Chinakhov (21st overall)
 2021: Kent Johnson (5th overall), Cole Sillinger (12th overall), and Corson Ceulemans (25th overall)
 2022: David Jiricek (6th overall) and Denton Mateychuk (12th overall)
 2023: Adam Fantilli (3rd overall)

Retired numbers
The NHL retired Wayne Gretzky's No. 99 for all its member teams at the 2000 NHL All-Star Game.

Honored members
 John H. McConnell

Hall of Famers
 Sergei Fedorov, C, 2005–2008

Awards and trophies

Maurice "Rocket" Richard Trophy
 Rick Nash: 2003–04 (shared with Ilya Kovalchuk of the Atlanta Thrashers and Jarome Iginla of the Calgary Flames)
Vezina Trophy
 Sergei Bobrovsky: 2012–13, 2016–17
Calder Memorial Trophy
 Steve Mason: 2008–09
King Clancy Memorial Trophy
 Nick Foligno: 2016–17

Jack Adams Award
 John Tortorella: 2016–17
Mark Messier Leadership Award
 Nick Foligno: 2016–17
NHL Foundation Player Award
 Rick Nash: 2008–09
NHL first All-Star team
 Sergei Bobrovsky: 2012–13, 2016–17

NHL second All-Star team
 Steve Mason: 2008–09
 Seth Jones: 2017–18
NHL All-Rookie Team
 Rostislav Klesla: 2001–02
 Rick Nash: 2002–03
 Steve Mason: 2008–09
 Zach Werenski: 2016–17
 Elvis Merzlikins: 2019–20

Records

Franchise scoring leaders
These are the top ten-point-scorers in franchise history as of the 2022–23 season.
  – current Blue Jackets player
Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game

Single-season records

Single-season records include:

 Points: Artemi Panarin (2018–19) – 87
 Goals: Rick Nash (2003–04) and Cam Atkinson (2018–19) – 41
 Assists: Artemi Panarin (2018–19) – 59
 Game-winning goals: Cam Atkinson (2016–17) – 9
 Penalty minutes: Jody Shelley (2002–03) – 249
 Plus/Minus: David Savard (2016–17) – +33
 Points by a defenseman: Seth Jones (2017–18) – 57
 Goals by a defenseman: Zach Werenski (2019–20) – 20
 Points by a rookie: Pierre-Luc Dubois (2017–18) – 48
 Wins: Sergei Bobrovsky (2016–17) – 41
 Shutouts in a season: Steve Mason (2008–09) – 10
 Goals against average: Sergei Bobrovsky (2012–13) – 2.00
 Save percentage: Sergei Bobrovsky (2012–13) – .932
 Saves: Marc Denis (2002–03) – 2,172
 Longest shutout streak (time without allowing a goal): Steve Mason (2008–09) – 199:19
 Team winning streak – 16 games (November 29, 2016 – January 3, 2017)

See also
 Columbus Chill
 Columbus Owls
 List of Columbus Blue Jackets general managers
 List of Columbus Blue Jackets head coaches

Notes

References

External links

National Hockey League teams
2000 establishments in Ohio
Ice hockey clubs established in 2000
Ice hockey teams in Ohio
Metropolitan Division
National Hockey League in Ohio
Sports clubs and teams in Columbus, Ohio
Events in Columbus, Ohio

Columbus Blue Jackets


The Hans and Pat Suter Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge in Corpus Christi, Texas. The Refuge is located on the western shore of Oso Bay, on Ennis Joslin Road, near the Pharaoh Valley subdivision.

Birds
The Refuge is considered to be one of the best sea bird watching areas in the world. The nearby Pharaohs golf course also serves as a haven for coastal and migratory birds.

Some of the birds regularly found in the Refuge are

pelicans
herons
gulls
coots
egrets
spoonbills
and ducks.

Amenities
The Refuge has a pier for viewing the birds and a bike and hiking trail runs through it, meandering by native plants and running along the water. There are also grills and picnic tables in the park area.

See also
Protected area
South Texas

External links
Suter Wildlife Refuge - Corpus Christi, Texas, Waymark

Birdwatching sites in the United States
Landforms of Corpus Christi, Texas
Protected areas of Nueces County, Texas
Nature reserves in Texas
Wetlands of Texas
Wildlife sanctuaries of the United States
Bird sanctuaries of the United States
Tourist attractions in Corpus Christi, Texas
Landforms of Nueces County, Texas

Hans and Pat Suter Wildlife Refuge


Haziga of Diessen, also known as Hadegunde ( – 1 August 1104) was a Countess consort of Scheyern.  Her descent is not entirely clear.  It is usually assumed that her father was Count Frederick II of Diessen.  He was Vogt of the Cathedral chapter in Regensburg.  He was married three times; it is unclear in which marriage Haziga was born.

Around 1080, she founded a Benedictine monastery in Bayrischzell.  It was moved to Fischbachau in 1085, then to Petersberg, near Dachau in 1104 and finally to Scheyern in 1119.

Marriages and issue
Her first husband was Count Herman of Kastl (d. 27 January 1056).  With him, she probably had two sons and a daughter:
 Herman, Count of Cham (d. after 1071)
 Frederick I, Count of Kastl and Habsburg (d. 10 November 1103)
 Matilda, married Count Rapoto III of Upper Traungau (d. 15 October 1080)

Her second husband was Count Otto I of Scheyern (d. 4 December 1078).  It was also his second marriage.  He had four children; it is possible some or all of these were from his first marriage:
 Arnold I (d. before 26 March 1123)
 Eckhard I (d. before 11 May 1091)
 Bernard I (d. 2 March 1104)
 Otto II (d. 31 October 1120)

References
Hans Constantin Faußner: Zur Frühzeit der Babenberger in Bayern und Herkunft der Wittelsbacher, Jan Thorbecke Verlag, Stuttgart, 1990,

External links
 Entry for Haziga at genealogie-mittelalter.de

1040s births
11th-century German women
Countesses in Germany
11th-century births
1104 deaths
11th-century German nobility

Haziga of Diessen


The Church of St. Patrick is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church at 130 Avondale Avenue in Toledo, Ohio, in the Diocese of Toledo. It is noted for its historic parish church, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

History
The current structure is the second to bear this name. Construction of the first church began in 1862 at the corner of Lafayette and 13th Streets.  It was dedicated May 17, 1863 with construction costs totaling $27,000.  However, by 1891, the building was deemed unsafe and demolished.  Pews and other interior furnishings removed for use in a new building.

Construction
Fr. Edward Hannin, pastor of St. Patrick's, set out to create "the finest church in this part of the land," for his congregation and began to raise money for construction.  When it was completed, St. Patrick's was considered one of the finest examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States.  The exterior is constructed of Amherst blue sandstone and the interior contains ten red granite columns.  The church was dedicated on April 13, 1901.

Alterations
The church underwent extensive renovations in the 1920s under the guidance of pastor Fr. Francis Keyes.  Changes included new chandeliers, flooring and art work.  In 1937, a new cross was added to the steeple.  On September 9, 1980, the  steeple was destroyed by fire caused by a lightning strike.  Falling debris damaged the roof and other portions of the structure.  After her death February 25, 2006, Parishioner Margaret Tank bequeathed funds for the steeple's reconstruction and other upgrades in the church.  The gift also allowed for repairs to the sanctuary's organ which was also damaged in the 1980 fire.  The two-manual Rodgers electronic organ that incorporated 17 ranks of pipes from an earlier Kilgen organ was upgraded to a four-manual instrument.  The steeple and other projects were completed August 28, 2007.

References

National Register of Historic Places in Lucas County, Ohio
Roman Catholic churches in Toledo, Ohio
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1863
Roman Catholic churches completed in 1901
1862 establishments in Ohio
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the United States

St. Patrick's Catholic Church (Toledo, Ohio)


John Curtis may refer to:

Politics
John Curtis (burgess) (fl. 1659–1660), North American colonial British planter and politician
John Curtis (English politician) (c. 1751–1813), English Member of Parliament for Wells, 1782–1784 and Steyning, 1791–1794
John Curtis (Irish politician) (died 1775), Irish politician
John Curtis (Utah politician) (born 1960), member of the U.S. House of Representatives and former Mayor of Provo, Utah
John A. Curtis (1834–1913), member of the Virginia House of Delegates
John E. Curtis (1915–1999), American politician from the state of Alaska

Sports
John Curtis (baseball) (born 1948), American Major League Baseball pitcher, 1970–1984
John Curtis (cricketer) (1887–1972), English cricketer
John Curtis (footballer, born 1954), English former professional football player
John Curtis (footballer, born 1978), English professional football player
John Curtis (sailor) (born 1967), Canadian Olympic sailor

Religion
John Curtis (bishop) (1880–1962), missionary bishop in China, 1929–1950
Barry Curtis (bishop) (John Barry Curtis, born 1933), retired Anglican bishop in Canada

Others
John Curtis (entomologist) (1791–1862), English entomologist
John Curtis (painter) (fl. 1790–1797), English landscape painter
John B. Curtis (1827–1897), inventor of the first chewing gum prototype
John C. Curtis (1845–1917), American Civil War soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
John Green Curtis (1844–1913), American physiologist
John Thomas Curtis (1913–1961), American botanist and plant ecologist
John Curtis (games designer), designer of the Rolemaster game systems

See also
John Curtice (born 1953), British political scientist
Jack Curtis (disambiguation)
John Curteys (disambiguation)

John Curtis


Enlil-bāni, ca. 1798 BC – 1775 BC (short chronology) or 1860 – 1837 BC (middle chronology), was the 10th king of the 1st Dynasty of Isin and reigned 24 years according to the Ur-Isin kinglist. He is best known for the legendary and perhaps apocryphal manner of his ascendancy.

Biography
A certain Ikūn-pî-Ištar is recorded as having ruled for 6 months or a year, between the reigns of Erra-imittī and Enlil-bāni according to two variant copies of a chronicle. Another chronicle which might have shed further light on his origins is too broken to translate. A lengthy inscription proclaims:

Hegemony over Nippur was fleeting, with control of the city passing back and forth between Isin and Larsa several times. Uruk, too, seceded during his reign and, as his power crumbled, he may have had the Chronicle of Early Kings redacted to provide a more legendary tale of his accession than the rather mundane act of usurpation that it may well have been. It relates that Erra-Imittī selected his gardener, Enlil-bâni, enthroned him, and placed the royal tiara on his head. Erra-Imittī then died while eating hot porridge, and Enlil-bâni by virtue of his refusal to quit the throne, became king.

The colophon of a medical text, "when a man's brain contains fire," from the Library of Ashurbanipal reads: "Proven and tested salves and poultices, fit for use, according to the old sages from before the flood from Šuruppak, which Enlil-muballiṭ, sage (apkallu) of Nippur, left (to posterity) in the second year of Enlil-bāni."

Enlil-bāni found it necessary to "build anew the wall of Isin which had become dilapidated," which he recorded on commemorative cones. He named the wall Enlil-bāni-išdam-kīn, "Enlil-bāni is firm as to foundation." In practice, the walls of major cities were probably under continuous repair. He was a prodigious builder, responsible for the construction of the é-ur-gi7-ra, "the dog house," temple of Ninisina, a palace, also the é-ní-dúb-bu, "house of relaxation," for the goddess Nintinugga, "lady who revives the dead," the é-dim-gal-an-na, "house - great mast of heaven," for the tutelary deity of Šuruppak, the goddess Sud, and finally, the é-ki-ág-gá-ni for Ninibgal, the "lady with patient mercy who loves ex-votos, who heeds prayers and entreaties, his shining mother." Two large copper statues were taken to Nippur for dedication to Ningal, which Iddin-Dagān had fashioned 117 years earlier but had been unable to deliver, "on account of this, the goddess Ninlil had the god Enlil lengthen the life span of Enlil-Bāni." He is recorded, in two foundation nails, as having built (or possibly rebuilt) a temple to the goddess Annunitum.

There are perhaps two hymns addressed to this monarch.

Inscriptions

Notes

External links
Enlil-bāni year-names at CDLI.
A praise poem of Enlil-bāni at ETCSL.

References

Amorite kings
19th-century BC Sumerian kings
18th-century BC Sumerian kings
Dynasty of Isin

Enlil-bani


Andrew Bain is a singer and dentist from London, England, who signed a £1 million record deal with SonyBMG.

Andrew became a practising NHS dentist when he was 24 in North London. Although he loved the community feeling that came from continued patient care,  he put his dentistry career on hold to concentrate on his passion for music. Over the past 10 years as a dentist, Andrew fed his musical ambitions by using his holidays and spare time to sing in West-End choruses and amateur opera. His work included a tour with Cameron Mackintosh's production of Les Misérables in 1999 and Bill Kenwright's Whistle Down the Wind in 2002.

It was Andrew's version of the Prince (musician) classic "Purple Rain", sung in an operatic style, that got him signed. His debut album Andrew Bain Presents Modern Classics was released in March 2009. The album features covers of Snow Patrol's "Chasing Cars", ABBA's "The Winner Takes It All" and Aerosmith's "I Don't Want To Miss A Thing" sung in an operatic style.

Discography

Albums

External links
Official Website
Myspace
Bebo
Facebook
YouTube Channel

Opera crossover singers
English tenors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

Andrew Bain (singer)


A game room, games room or recreation room is a space, especially in a house or apartment complex which is designed and equipped for a variety of recreational purposes. The room is often in the basement or it's own wing. Most recreation rooms have a few game tables and board games, but large, expensive rec rooms can be full suites with casino-style games, indoor golf simulators, bowling alleys, rock climbing walls, etc. Many games rooms also have snack areas and sometimes whole bars. Most have mini fridges and microwave ovens.

Rooms

Recreation room


William Joseph Kelly   (born 1943, died 21/07/2023) was an American/Australian artist, humanist and human-rights advocate.

William and Veronica Kelly called the small town of Nathalia home for the past 20+ years.

Education
William Kelly was born in Buffalo, New York in 1943, and received his artistic training at the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and the National Gallery School in Melbourne, Victoria (Australia), his country of part-time residence since 1968. He is also a Fulbright Fellow for which he studied at Prahran College of Advanced Education

Artist and writer
In addition to creating traditional prints, drawings and paintings, Kelly has organized and participated in collaborations in public art and theatre. Kelly promotes his humanist ideals in his art, for example; in response to a 1987 mass murder in Melbourne, Kelly spent five years on works for an installation titled "The Peace Project." "The Peace Project" was first exhibited in 1993 in both Melbourne and Boston, Massachusetts. It was the first visual art project to receive the Australian Violence Prevention Award. His work has been exhibited in over 20 countries with a current installation in Guernica, Spain and current traveling group exhibitions throughout Europe and also South Africa (representing Australia in the Dialogue Among Civilizations International Print Portfolio organized to coincide with the cultural activities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup).

Kelly authored an anthology, Violence to Nonviolence: Individual Perspectives, Communal Voices, that was published in 1994. His artwork has also appeared in other books, such as Cultures of Crime and Violence: The Australian Experience and "Women's Encounters with Violence''.

In 2000 Kelly founded the Archive of Humanist Art, which highlights prints and drawings of artists from all over the world that address humanist concerns.  Kelly is acknowledged for the contribution his work makes to the areas of human rights, social justice and reconciliation both nationally and internationally – with projects linked to the Basque Country, Spain; Robben Island, site of the notorious prison that once held Nelson Mandela; the Republic of Georgia and Northern Ireland.

He had studios in Melbourne, Nathalia (his last home) and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

Kelly's artworks are reproduced in publications worldwide and are represented in over 40 public and corporate collections.

"Can Art Stop a Bullet" a full length feature film was a major undertaking by Mark Street, documenting Bill's life and commitment to the peace movement, they travelled to many countries.

Kelly, along with his partner Veronica Kelly (ceramics) initiated The G.R.A.I.N. Store in Nathalia, Australia.  The gallery, workshop and performing space has been running successfully for the past 13 years.  Growing Rural Arts in Nathalia is role model for small country towns.

Educator
Kelly was Dean (1975–1982) of the Victorian College of the Arts following Lenton Parr. He has delivered guest lectures at Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The New York Studio School and others in Europe, South Africa, North America, Eastern Europe, Australasia. He currently lives and works in Nathalia in regional Victoria, where in 2010 he established the G.R.A.I.N. Store (Growing Rural Art in Nathalia) , a not-for-profit rural arts centre with a regular schedule of exhibitions, performances and workshops by visiting, local and indigenous emerging and established creative artists.

Awards

For his role as an international artist, humanist, human rights advocate, and founder of the Archive of Humanist Art , Kelly received the Courage of Conscience Award  from The Peace Abbey in Sherborn, Massachusetts .

He was recipient of the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) (for Services to Visual Arts and Urban Design). He is Founding and Honorary Life Member of the Australian Centre for Contemporary Art, Founding Member of the Urban Design Forum, and former member of the Board of the Australian Print Workshop.

References

External links
 Archive of Humanist Art
 The Peace Abbey
 Studio International site "William Kelly – Artist as Peacemaker"
  Dictionary of Australian Artists Online entry
 Prints and Printmaking Database of Catalogues
 William Kelly's 'Markers Along the Way' at the Shepparton Art Gallery Media Release: Thursday 13 July 2006
 Screenprint poster by William Kelly
 2009 Mars Gallery Exhibition images
 Swan Hill Regional Art Gallery Exhibition History 1975 to April 1987
 record of work in National Gallery of Australia collection
 Transcript of nterview with Julie Copeland on Australian Broadcasting Commission program 'Exhibit A' 28 May 2006
 G.R.A.I.N. Nathalia

American humanists
Artists from Buffalo, New York
Living people
University of the Arts (Philadelphia) alumni
Activists from Buffalo, New York
Recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia
1943 births
National Gallery of Victoria Art School alumni
American expatriates in Australia
Swinburne University of Technology alumni
Fulbright alumni

William Kelly (artist)


The Flame of Hope is an eternal flame located in London, Ontario, Canada that honours Sir Frederick Banting's discovery of insulin, as well as all those who have been affected by diabetes. Simultaneously, it serves as a reminder that insulin manages diabetes but does not cure it; ultimately, it stands for the hope that a cure will soon be found.

The Flame will only be extinguished when a cure for diabetes is developed. The team responsible for finding the cure will be flown in to do so.

The Flame of Hope was kindled before 4,000 spectators by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother on July 7, 1989.

Location and construction
The Flame of Hope is located in London, Ontario. It sits front and center in Sir Frederick G. Banting Square, which is adjacent to Banting House National Historic Site of Canada.

The monument beneath the Flame was designed by Robert Geard. It is a 15-tonne, tapered monument made of onyx granite, and stands  tall. The monument is acid-rain-proof, and the Flame (with the help of coordinator George Prociw) is designed to withstand wind, rain, and snow, going at least  an hour.

It was completed with a natural gas system, and a low shield of granite for the Flame. To avoid chipping, the monument was lowered onto its resting place with ice cubes.

Events

There are many organizations and individuals that use the Flame of Hope as a symbol or namesake for their fundraising events. A few of these include:

The Flame of Hope Walk/Run for Diabetes is a recurring fundraising event with multiple dates and locations each year. It is organized by the PEI Region of Diabetes Canada. Participators choose between a 5km walk and a 5km fun run, neither of which are competitive.
The Flame of Hope Trail Ride was an annual event that has since been discontinued, that was run out of Elmira, Ontario. In the 2001-2002 year, it won the Melvin Jones Award.
Many Flame of Hope Golf Tournaments are held by Diabetes Canada, in locations such as Edmonton, Alberta, Copetown, Ontario, and Gibbons, Alberta.

Media

Within the same calendar year that the Flame of Hope was first lit, it was vandalized. A 26-year-old man admitted to smothering the monument with his jacket, ultimately smashing the ignition switches and burners, and causing $1,760 in damage. The Queen Mother sent a letter expressing her regret, and encouraging its re-kindling. The man responsible, who was remorseful, was sentenced to do community service, as well as pay for the repairs. The monument was upgraded to a more "tamper-proof" design.
The Dreamwalkers event, celebrating the 75th anniversary of the discovery of insulin, took place in October 1996. The celebration was held in London, Ontario, where participators walked from Victoria Park to Banting House. Once there, the crowd watched as Judge J. M. Seneshen re-dedicated the Flame of Hope. The Queen Mother also sent her personal greetings for the event, expressing her own hope that a cure for diabetes was close at hand.
The Royal Canadian Mint celebrated the anniversary of the day Banting was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine by issuing a $100, 14 karat gold coin. The coin was designed by the same man who created the loon design on the Canadian one dollar coin still in circulation today, Robert-Ralph Carmichael. The "insulin coin" depicts the Flame of Hope evolving into figures inspired by those on the medal for the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine; a theme reminiscent of respect for the past and hope for the future.

References

Buildings and structures in London, Ontario
Diabetes
Eternal flames
Monuments and memorials in Ontario

Flame of Hope (diabetes)


Augustan literature refers to the books belonging to the British literature that were written during the rules of Queen Anne, King George I, and George II. This happened between the first half of the 18th century and the 1740s.

During this time, there was a fast development of the novel and the satire, the change of drama from political satire into melodrama and an evolution toward poetry of personal exploration.

In philosophy, it was an age ruled by empiricism, while in the writings of political economy, it  marked the evolution of mercantilism as a formal philosophy, the development of capitalism and the victory of trade.

English literature

Augustan literature


Ana Margarita Martínez-Casado (born Ana Margarita Martínez-Casado y Torralbas on May 4, 1930) is a Cuban actress and singer.

Family
Martinez-Casado was born into one of Cuba's theatrical families. That family started with her great-grandfather who owned a theater. His daughter Luisa has a theater in Cuba named after her. Martinez-Casado's grandparents, Manolo Martinez-Casado and Celia Adams were both actors, as were their eight children.

Early life - Cuba and career

Ana Margarita's involvement with music entertainment did not begin until she was 12 years old. At this age, her mother wanted her to study piano with the thought that all girls needed some sort of talent. A distant cousin of the family taught music and lived nearby so young Ana was sent to her. Chance would have it that the cousin did not teach piano, but gave vocal instruction and was willing to work with Ana to see if there was a talent. Ana Margarita was 17 when her voice teacher began to work on a zarzuela for her students to showcase their talent. After preparing for nearly a year, Ana Margarita, a soprano, starred in a successful version of Luisa Fernanda. This role would lead to Ana securing her first television contract for the CMQ Network, Cuba's largest entertainment company. She debuted with an orchestra conducted by maestro Gonzalo Roig (the man behind the zarzuela of Cecilia Valdes) who introduced her as the next big star. The CMQ appearance led to an infinite amount of other work; such as having guest roles on multiple musical variety shows of that day, including El Gran Teatro Esso among others. Her voice was so loved that when the Cuban cultural giant, Pro Arte Musical, mounted a version of Amal and the Night Visitors Ana Margarita was cast opposite Marta Pérez. The offers and opportunities kept growing. Ana began performing not only Zarzuelas but soon was doing operettas as well. El Conde de Luxemburgo, Molinos de viento, La Corte de Faraón, Luisa Fernanda, were just some of the pieces she performed with much success. Her stage work culminated at that point when Gonzalo Roig himself asked Ana to play the title character in Cecilia Valdes. She played Cecilia as well as the character of Isabel simultaneously (the two characters never meet on stage). It was the highlight of Ana's early career. Ana mounted shows at the Casino Parisien of the Hotel Nacional in Havana and the Havana Hilton. Her nightclub engagements led to concerts, and three records.

Puerto Rico, Mexico, United States
Having left Cuba in 1960 for a two-week concert engagement at the Hotel San Juan in Puerto Rico, she brought along only two suitcases and her daughter, also named Ana (she had married and divorced a Cuban surgeon). She would not return to her native Cuba for nearly 40 years. While in San Juan she was invited to perform with the Tropicana ensemble in Mexico, where she stayed for 10 years. During this time she married a fellow Cuban actor and had a daughter, Beatriz. During her time in Mexico, she performed in a variety of shows; from starring in a cabaret act, touring with an ensemble company, to stage and television work as well. During a concert engagement in Monterrey she was contracted for a television network run by Cubans (contemporaries and acquaintances of her father). During her time there, she worked opposite legendary Mexican figures such as María Félix and Cantinflas as well as starring in a variety show of her own.

She became well known for her roles in musical theater, including a performance opposite Libertad Lamarque in Hello Dolly. After a decade in Mexico, the young family finally made the move to the United States (she had previously lived temporarily in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and New York City). Upon her arrival in Miami in 1970 she began working in a variety show at the restaurant Les Violins, a former South Florida landmark. After a short while, Cuban star Marta Pérez, who had since relocated to Miami and formed a theater group, recruited Ana Margarita to return to the stage. While in South Florida she appeared in performances of The King and I, Man of La Mancha, The Fantastix, Private Lives, and Cecilia Valdes, as well as taking every job available to her, including radio soap operas, and TV commercials. It was in the late 1970s when her career in the United States took off and she was cast as Juana Peña in the classic television sitcom, ¿Qué Pasa, USA?. Ana won a regional Emmy award for Best Individual Talent of South Florida for her role as Juana.

After ¿Qué Pasa, USA? came to an end in 1980, she had a supporting role in the Leon Ichaso film about exiled Cubans living in New York, called El Super. She had previously worked with the Repertorio Español, a theater group that had done productions in Miami (they had built the Teatro Bellas Artes in the heart of Little Havana's 8th street in Miami) and was invited to join their repertory company in New York City, where she moved in 1981.

Since 1981, Ana Margarita has head-lined in productions by Repertorio Español of classic and contemporary Spanish language theater including classics like Bodas de Sangre, La Casa de Bernarda Alba, and contemporary pieces like La Gringa, La Pasión Según Antígona Pérez, Parece Blanca, Revoltillo and others.

Ana Margarita resides in New York City and works non-stop with the Repertorio Español. She has gone on to win two ACE awards for categories including special theatre and best actress in the late 1990s.

References

 ¿Que Pasa USA? website
 PBS website of ¿Que Pasa USA?
 New York Times - September 29, 1998 - A Theater Troupe From the U.S. Is Embraced By Havana
 Latin ACE Awards website
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2ulKw0DwaY

1930 births
Living people
Cuban musical theatre actresses
Cuban women singers
People from Camagüey

Ana Margarita Martínez-Casado


Electric Word  was a bimonthly, English-language magazine published in Amsterdam between 1987 and 1990 that offered eclectic reporting on the translation industry, linguistic technology, and computer culture.
Its editor was Louis Rossetto and it featured avant-garde graphics by the Dutch graphic designer Max Kisman.

History and profile
In 1986, Amsterdam-based INK Taalservice, a high-tech translation company serving the new PC industry, launched an English-language magazine Language Technology, which covered the burgeoning the technologies used to process language — from PCs to machine translation to networks. Louis Rossetto was the editor of Language Technology. Jane Metcalfe was the magazine's ad sales director. The first issue of Language Technology was designed by leading edge Dutch graphic designer Max Kisman. It was the first issue of any magazine to be created with desktop publishing software, in this case ReadySetGo, which Rossetto had carried back from its introduction at that year's San Francisco MacWorld exhibition.

INK later sold the magazine to a small Dutch media company Media Nederland, who renamed it Electric Word.

Electric Word'''s circulation grew to include leading research labs at universities, governments, and high tech companies around the world. Cover subjects were as diverse as computer visionary Alan Kay, AI pioneer Marvin Minsky, Timothy Leary, and MIT Media Lab founder Nicholas Negroponte. Whole Earth Review's editor Kevin Kelley proclaimed Electric Word "the least boring computer magazine in the world," which became its tagline.Electric Word was terminated in 1990 due to Media Nederland's change of focus. Rossetto and Metcalfe went on to found Wired magazine. The last issue of Electric Word'' featured the world's first photoshopped magazine cover — of TED founder Richard Saul Wurman

References

External links
Electric Word online archive

1987 establishments in the Netherlands
1990 disestablishments in the Netherlands
Defunct magazines published in the Netherlands
Bi-monthly magazines published in the Netherlands
Science and technology magazines published in the Netherlands
English-language magazines
Magazines established in 1987
Magazines disestablished in 1990
Magazines published in Amsterdam

Electric Word


Saitopolemos is a customary celebration that take place in the Greek city of Messini during Easter. According to legend, its roots can be traced back to the Greek War of Independence in the 1820s, and especially to a battle the Greeks fought against the army of the Egyptian Sultan Ibrahim Pasha. However, this explanation is disputed. The 19th century Greek Romantic tradition used to place the nativity of the majority of Greek customs in the period of Turkish occupation (1453-1821). The biggest argument against the traditional view is the fact that the celebration takes place during Easter week, whereas most historians agree that the events the traditional songs refer to did not occur during that time of year. Easter celebration is often connected with fires so the celebration's roots can be traced back to the first Christian societies.

The celebration takes place in Kalamata Metropolitan Stadium where the participants are divided into 10 to 15 teams. Each team consists of 15 to 30 people, mainly young boys. The preparation for the event begins weeks before Easter festivities with young people preparing their saites for the event. A saita is a circular object filled with flammable material. When the celebration begins the players light up their saites and the stadium glows with flame. The custom is controversial because it is very dangerous. The Greek media have been highly critical of it, and there have been calls for its termination. But the locals insist that the custom is a tradition they inherited from their ancestors. Kalamata's mayor and upper priest have been supportive of the event.

Culture of Greece
Easter traditions in Greece
Spring traditions
Messenia

Saitopolemos


Adichanallur is an archaeological site in Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu, India that has been the site of a number of very important archaeological finds. Korkai, the capital of the Early Pandyan Kingdom, is located about 15 km from Adichanallur. Carbon dating of samples excavated in 2004 from the Adichanallur site has revealed that they belonged to the period between 1000 BC and 600 BC. In 2005, around 169 clay urns containing human skeletons were unearthed that date back to at-least 3,800 years. In 2018, research on copper metal remains remains were dated at Manipur University to 1500 BC (+ or - 700 years). But dating was not accepted as accurate.

Present Excavations
In 2004, a number of skeletons were found buried in earthenware urns. Some of these urns contained writing in Tamili (Tamil-Brahmi) script. While some of the burial urns contained skeletons of Tamil origin, others were found with remains of mostly Australoid, Southeast Asian, East Asian and others. The Australoid were likely contemporary Australian aborigines who were known to have had seafaring qualities

On March 18, 2019, the report of artifact samples sent to Beta Analytic Testing Laboratory, USA for carbon dating was obtained. The results were submitted to the Madurai Bench of the Madras High Court on April 4, 2019. Carbon dating of samples excavated from the Adichanallur site in Thoothukudi district has revealed that they belonged to the period between 905 BC to  696 BC. A Division Bench of Justices N. Kirubakaran and S. S. Sundar observed that this proved Adichanallur was one of the earliest ancient sites in Tamil Nadu. The court had expressed its displeasure that the artifacts, first excavated in 2004-06 under the supervision of the then Superintending Archaeologist T. Satyamurthy, were not sent for carbon dating for over 15 years. " In spite of many efforts taken by intellectuals, historians, political leaders and archaeologists, nothing was done by the ASI, for reasons best known to them, to send the Adichanallur samples for carbon dating," the court said. The court had earlier directed the ASI to fence the whole site that is spread across 114 acres and put up a police outpost to prevent any damage. With Sathyabama Badrinath, former Regional Director (South), ASI, currently with the Delhi circle, nominated for preparing the report, the court said that the reports of T. Satyamurthy could also be added in achieving a comprehensive report

Historical Excavations

Adichanallur first gained attention in the year 1876 when a team of three eminent people visited it. The team consisted of the then Collector of Tirunelvely district, district engineer and an Ethnologist from Germany called Dr. Jagor. The team started excavating in one side of a mound and discovered many earthen pots that were of superior quality than the ones being sold at the bazaars of the late 19th Century. Also found were baked earthenware utensils, a number of iron weapons and implements (mainly knives, short sword blades and hatchets) and a huge number of bones and skulls.

Alexander Rea, a former Superintendent from Southern Circle Archaeological Survey of India pointed out that all these artifacts were taken away by Dr. Jagor for the Berlin Museum für Völkerkunde, currently called as Ethnological Museum of Berlin. Alexander Rea himself had done a detailed investigation of the sites during the period between 1899 and 1905, when he was able to find a large number of artifacts similar to Dr. Jagor.

All the artifacts that Rea found was promptly cataloged and documented in his 1915 book titled "Catalog of the Prehistoric Antiquities from Adichanallur and Perambair". It is surprising to note that although the catalog consisted of huge amounts of bronze, iron, gold and earthen artifacts combined, the present day excavations yielded mainly earthen wares only. All of Rea's artifacts are supposedly present in India, however it remains unclear whether they are being preserved properly.

In-Situ Museum

On August 5, 2023, Union Minister for Finance Nirmala Sitharaman laid the foundation stone for a museum in Adichanallur. Upon completion, this will be one of the first on-site museums in India.

See also

Keezhadi Excavation site
Kodumanal
Arikamedu

References

Further reading
 Catalogue of the prehistoric antiquities from Adichanallur and Perumbair
 Adichanallur - Keezhadi Mann Mooodiya Mahathaana Nahariham published by Dina Thanthi

External links
 Archaeological Survey of India's Page on Adichanallur excavations
 - The Hindu, 17 Feb 2005
 Iron Age habitational site found at Adichanallur - The Hindu, 3 Apr 2005
  Some pottery parallels - Spread of material culture from south to Deccan? - The Hindu, 25 May 2007
Prehistoric antiquities in Tinnevelly
Adichanallur: An Interesting Historical Site of Tamil Nadu
 News from Times of India - ASI had sent two samples to the Florida lab and the lab repo ..
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adichanallur#In-Situ_Museum%5BLatin_word_-_In-Situ-_situated_in_the_original_spot%5D

Tamil history
Ancient Tamil Nadu
Tirunelveli
Prehistoric India
Former populated places in India
Archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu
Archaeological cultures in India

Adichanallur