An antenna rotator (or antenna rotor) is a device used to change the orientation, within the horizontal plane, of a directional antenna. Most antenna rotators have two parts, the rotator unit and the controller. The controller is normally placed near the equipment which the antenna is connected to, while the rotator is mounted on the antenna mast directly below the antenna.

Rotators are commonly used in amateur radio and military communications installations. They are also used with TV and FM antennas, where stations are available from multiple directions, as the cost of a rotator is often significantly less than that of installing a second antenna to receive stations from multiple directions.

Rotators are manufactured for different sizes of antennas and installations. For example, a consumer TV antenna rotator has enough torque to turn a TV/FM or small ham antenna. These units typically cost around US$70 .

Heavy-duty ham rotators are designed to turn extremely large, heavy, high frequency (shortwave) beam antennas, and cost hundreds or possibly thousands of dollars.

In the center of the reference picture, the accompanying image includes an AzEl installation rotator, so named for its controlling of both the azimuth and the elevation components of the direction of an antenna system or array. Such antenna configurations are used in, for example, amateur radio satellite or moon-bounce communications.

An open hardware AzEl rotator system is provided by the SatNOGS Groundstation project.

The Alliance Manufacturing Co. of Alliance, Ohio, and the Astatic Corporation of Conneaut, Ohio, manufactured popular radio and TV booster and rotary antenna systems. These products were heavily advertised for radio use in newspapers starting in the early 1940s, and for use with commercial television sets from 1949 into the 1960s. Cinécraft Productions, a pioneer in early TV advertising, produced six commercials for the Astatic Booster TV in 1949 and 112 for the Alliance Tenna-Rotor, Tenna-Scope, and Casca-Matic Booster between 1949 and 1955.

Manufacturers of consumer TV antenna rotators

Past
Before the era of cable TV and the rise of satellite TV, many homes had outdoor antennas designed to capture over-the-air television signals.  The rotator market was served by a number of manufacturers including
Alinco Electronics, Inc.
Alliance Manufacturing Co., Inc., Alliance, Ohio
American Phenolic Corporation
Astatic Corporation. Conneaut, Ohio
Channel Master
Cornell-Dubilier Corporation, South Plainfield, New Jersey
Gemini Industries, Inc., Passaic, New Jersey
Hy-Gain
Kenpro
Lance Industries, Sylmar, California
Leader Electronics, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
Nippon Antenna
Philco
Philips
Pro Brand International, Inc. (Eagle Aspen brand)
Radio Merchandise Sales, Inc.
Radio Shack
RCA
Sears, Roebuck and Co.
Stolle
The Radiart Corp., Cleveland, Ohio
Zenith

Current
Although the cord-cutting movement has increased interest in receiving free over-the-air television signals, as of December 2021 consumer options are limited.
VOXX Accessories Corporation of Carmel, Indiana, a wholly-owned subsidiary of VOXX International, using the RCA trademark, offers a remote-controlled antenna rotator, the model VH226E.
Channel Master's stock of model CM-9521HD is depleted, and it is unclear whether more units will be manufactured.
Yaesu Musen sells a range of rotators aimed at the Amateur and FM (VHF) broadcast listener markets. Amateur products include an Azimuth-Elevation product.

References

External links
 Alliance Tenna-Rotor Series 1-17 television commercials produced by Cinécraft Productions, Inc.

 Yaesu Rotators

Antennas
Rotation

Antenna rotator


Postalveolar or post-alveolar consonants are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge. Articulation is farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself, but not as far back as the hard palate, the place of articulation for palatal consonants. Examples of postalveolar consonants are the English palato-alveolar consonants , as in the words "ship", "'chill", "vision", and "jump", respectively.

There are many types of postalveolar sounds—especially among the sibilants. The three primary types are palato-alveolar (such as , weakly palatalized), alveolo-palatal (such as , strongly palatalized), and retroflex (such as , unpalatalized). The palato-alveolar and alveolo-palatal subtypes are commonly counted as "palatals" in phonology since they rarely contrast with true palatal consonants.

Postalveolar sibilants
For most sounds involving the tongue, the place of articulation can be sufficiently identified just by specifying the point of contact on the upper part of the mouth (for example, velar consonants involve contact on the soft palate and dental consonants involve the teeth), along with any secondary articulation such as palatalization (raising of the tongue body) or labialization (lip rounding).

However, among sibilants, particularly postalveolar sibilants, there are slight differences in the shape of the tongue and the point of contact on the tongue itself, which correspond to large differences in the resulting sound. For example, the alveolar fricative  and the three postalveolar fricatives  differ noticeably both in pitch and sharpness; the order  corresponds to progressively lower-pitched and duller (less "hissy" or piercing) sounds. ( is the highest-pitched and most piercing, which is the reason that hissing sounds like "Sssst!" or "Psssst!" are typically used to attract someone's attention). As a result, it is necessary to specify many additional subtypes.

Tongue shape
The main distinction is the shape of the tongue, which corresponds to differing degrees of palatalization (raising of the body of the tongue). From least to most palatalized, they are retroflex (such as , unpalatalized); palato-alveolar (such as , weakly palatalized); and alveolo-palatal (such as , strongly palatalized). The increasing palatalization corresponds to progressively higher-pitched and sharper-sounding consonants.

Less technically, the retroflex consonant  sounds somewhat like a mixture between the regular English  of "ship" and the "h" at the beginning of "heard", especially when it is pronounced forcefully and with a strong American "r". The alveolo-palatal consonant  sounds like a strongly palatalized version of , somewhat like "nourish you".

Palato-alveolar sounds are normally described as having a convex (a bunched-up or domed) tongue. The front, central part of the tongue is somewhat raised compared to the tip, back and sides, which gives it a weak palatalization. For retroflex sounds, the tongue shape is either concave (usually when apical or subapical, made with the tip of the tongue) or flat (usually when laminal, made with the area behind the tongue tip). For alveolo-palatal sounds, the front half of the tongue is flat and raised so that it closely parallels the upper surface of the mouth, from the teeth to the hard palate. Behind that is a sudden convex bend.

The following table shows the three types of postalveolar sibilant fricatives defined in the IPA:

Point of tongue contact (laminal, apical, subapical)
A second variable is whether the contact occurs with the very tip of the tongue (an apical articulation ), with the surface just above the tip, the blade of the tongue (a laminal articulation ), or with the underside of the tip (a subapical articulation). Apical and subapical articulations are always "tongue-up", with the tip of the tongue above the teeth, and laminal articulations are often "tongue-down", with the tip of the tongue behind the lower teeth.

The upward curvature of the tongue tip to make apical or subapical contact renders palatalization more difficult so domed (palato-alveolar) consonants are not attested with subapical articulation and fully palatalized (such as alveolo-palatal) sounds occur only with laminal articulation. Also, the apical-laminal distinction among palato-alveolar sounds makes little (although presumably non-zero) perceptible difference; both articulations, in fact, occur among English-speakers.

As a result, the differing points of tongue contact (laminal, apical and subapical) are significant largely for retroflex sounds. Retroflex sounds can also occur outside of the postalveolar region, ranging from as far back as the hard palate to as far forward as the alveolar region behind the teeth. Subapical retroflex sounds are often palatal (and vice versa), which occur particularly in the Dravidian languages.

Position of tongue tip (laminal "closed")
There is an additional distinction that can be made among tongue-down laminal sounds, depending on exactly where behind the lower teeth the tongue tip is placed. A bit behind the lower teeth is a hollow area (or pit) in the lower surface of the mouth. When the tongue tip rests in the hollowed area, there is an empty space below the tongue (a sublingual cavity), which results in a relatively more "hushing" sound. When the tip of the tongue rests against the lower teeth, there is no sublingual cavity, resulting in a more "hissing" sound. Generally, the tongue-down postalveolar consonants have the tongue tip on the hollowed area (with a sublingual cavity), whereas for the tongue-down alveolar consonants, the tongue tip rests against the teeth (no sublingual cavity), which accentuates the hissing vs. hushing distinction of these sounds.

However, the palato-alveolar sibilants in Northwest Caucasian languages such as the extinct Ubykh have the tongue tip resting directly against the lower teeth rather than in the hollowed area. Ladefoged and Maddieson term it a "closed laminal postalveolar" articulation, which gives the sounds a quality that JC Catford describes as "hissing-hushing" sounds. Catford transcribes them as  (that is not IPA notation; the obsolete IPA letters  have occasionally been resurrected for these sounds).

A laminal "closed" articulation could also be made with alveolo-palatal sibilants and a laminal "non-closed" articulation with alveolar sibilants, but no language appears to do so. In addition, no language seems to have a minimal contrast between two sounds based only on the "closed"/"non-closed" variation, with no concomitant articulatory distinctions (for all languages, including the Northwest Caucasian languages, if the language has two laminal sibilants, one of which is "closed" and the other is "non-closed", they will also differ in some other ways).

Examples
A few languages distinguish three different postalveolar sibilant tongue shapes () such as the Sino-Tibetan Northern Qiang and Southern Qiang, which make such a distinction among affricates (but only a two-way distinction among fricatives) and the Northwest Caucasian languages Ubykh (now extinct) and Abkhaz. More common are languages such as Mandarin Chinese and Polish, which distinguish two postalveolar sibilants, typically  since they are maximally distinct.

The attested possibilities, with exemplar languages, are as follows. IPA diacritics are simplified, and some articulations would require two diacritics to be fully specified, but only one is used to keep the results legible without the need for OpenType IPA fonts. Also, Peter Ladefoged, whose notation is used here, has resurrected an obsolete IPA symbol, the under dot, to indicate the apical postalveolar, which is normally included in the category of retroflex consonants. The notation  is sometimes reversed, and either may also be called 'retroflex' and written .

Postalveolar non-sibilants
Non-sibilant sounds can also be made in the postalveolar region, the number of acoustically distinct variations is then significantly reduced. The primary distinction for such sounds is between laminal palatalized and apical retroflex non-palatalized. (Subapical retroflex non-sibilants also occur but tend to be palatal, as for sibilants.)

Non-palatalized (retroflex)
Retroflex stops, nasals and laterals (like ) occur in a number of languages across the world such as in South Asian languages such as Hindi and various East Asian languages such as Vietnamese. The sounds are fairly rare in European languages but occur, for example, in Swedish; they are then often considered to be allophones of sequences such as  or . Also, for some languages that distinguish "dental" vs. "alveolar" stops and nasals, they are actually articulated nearer to prealveolar and postalveolar, respectively.

The normal rhotic consonant (r-sound) in American English is a retroflex approximant  (the equivalent in British English is a postalveolar approximant ). Retroflex rhotics of various sorts, especially approximants and flaps occur commonly in the world's languages. Some languages also have retroflex trills.  Toda is particularly unusual in that it has six trills, including a palatalized/non-palatalized distinction and a three-way place distinction among dental, alveolar and retroflex trills.

Palatalized
Palatalized postalveolar non-sibilants are usually considered to be alveolo-palatal. Some non-sibilant sounds in some languages are said to be palato-alveolar rather than alveolo-palatal, but in practice, it is unclear if there is any consistent acoustic distinction between the two types of sounds.

In phonological descriptions, alveolo-palatal postalveolar non-sibilants are usually not distinguished as such but are considered to be variants of either palatal non-sibilants (such as  or of palatalized alveolar non-sibilants (such as ). Even the two types are often not distinguished among nasals and laterals, as almost all languages have only one palatalized/palatal nasal or lateral in their phonemic inventories. For example, the sound described as a "palatal lateral" in various Romance languages and often indicated as  is most often alveolo-palatal  (like in Catalan and Italian) and sometimes a palatalized alveolar , such as in some northern Brazilian Portuguese dialects.

The IPA does not have specific symbols for alveolo-palatal non-sibilants, but they can be denoted using the advanced diacritic like . Sinologists often use special symbols for alveolo-palatal non-sibilants, , created by analogy with the curls used to mark alveolo-palatal sibilants. However, the actual sounds indicated using these symbols are often palatal or palatalized alveolar rather than alveolo-palatal, like the variation for symbols like . The decision to use the special alveolo-palatal symbols in sinology is largely based on distributional similarities between the sounds in question and the alveolo-palatal sibilants, which are prominent in many East Asian languages.

Examples

Some languages distinguish palatalized (alveolo-palatal) and non-palatalized (retroflex) postalveolar nasals and/or laterals.

Some Australian languages distinguish four coronal nasals and laterals: laminal dental , apical alveolar , laminal postalveolar (palatalized) , and apical postalveolar (retroflex) .

Postalveolar clicks
There are two postalveolar click types that can occur, commonly described as "postalveolar" and "palatal", but they would be perhaps more accurately described as apical and laminal postalveolar, respectively:

See also

 Place of articulation
 Palato-alveolar consonant
 Alveolo-palatal consonant
 Retroflex consonant
 List of phonetics topics

References

Place of articulation

Postalveolar consonant


Dean Smith (born 22 March 1988 in Wolverhampton, West Midlands) is a British racing driver, who was the 2009 champion of the British Formula Renault Championship and winner of that year's McLaren Autosport BRDC Award.

Career

Formula BMW
After previously competing in karting, Smith was awarded a Formula BMW scholarship in 2004, finishing 15th in the Formula BMW UK championship. He took three wins on his way to winning the championship in 2005.

Formula Renault

Smith moved up to the British Formula Renault Championship in 2006, finishing 9th in the overall standings. In 2007, he finished as runner-up to Fortec Motorsport teammate Duncan Tappy. He made the move to the Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0 in 2008 for Fortec, but finished down in 17th place. Smith finished 2008 by scoring two fourth-placed finishes on his British Formula 3 debut with Fortec. A lack of funds prevented him from a full F3 campaign in 2009, meaning he moved to the Porsche Carrera Cup. He was then given the opportunity to join British Formula Renault team Manor Competition, and took seven victories on his way to winning the title, despite missing the opening round of the championship at Brands Hatch due to him competing in the supporting Porsche races at the circuit. He also took second place in the final race of the Eurocup season at the brand-new Ciudad del Motor de Aragón circuit in Spain.

In December 2009 he was awarded the prestigious McLaren Autosport BRDC Award. As part of the prize he will test a McLaren Formula One car.

GP3 Series
Smith will race in the new GP3 Series in 2010, with Carlin, after securing support from the Racing Steps Foundation.

Complete GP3 Series results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)

References

External links
 Official website

1988 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Wolverhampton
English racing drivers
Formula BMW UK drivers
British Formula Renault 2.0 drivers
Formula Renault Eurocup drivers
British Formula Three Championship drivers
GP3 Series drivers
Porsche Carrera Cup GB drivers
Carlin racing drivers
Manor Motorsport drivers
Fluid Motorsport Development drivers
BVM Racing drivers
Fortec Motorsport drivers

Dean Smith (racing driver)


William James "Count" Basie (; August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer. In 1935, he formed the Count Basie Orchestra, and in 1936 took them to Chicago for a long engagement and their first recording. He led the group for almost 50 years, creating innovations like the use of two "split" tenor saxophones, emphasizing the rhythm section, riffing with a big band, using arrangers to broaden their sound, and others. Many musicians came to prominence under his direction, including the tenor saxophonists Lester Young and Herschel Evans, the guitarist Freddie Green, trumpeters Buck Clayton and Harry "Sweets" Edison, plunger trombonist Al Grey, and singers Jimmy Rushing, Helen Humes, Thelma Carpenter, and Joe Williams.

Biography

Early life and education
William Basie was born to Lillian and Harvey Lee Basie in Red Bank, New Jersey. His father worked as a coachman and caretaker for a wealthy judge. After automobiles replaced horses, his father became a groundskeeper and handyman for several wealthy families in the area. Both of his parents had some type of musical background. His father played the mellophone, and his mother played the piano; in fact, she gave Basie his first piano lessons. She took in laundry and baked cakes for sale for a living. She paid 25 cents a lesson for Count Basie's piano instruction.

The best student in school, Basie dreamed of a traveling life, inspired by touring carnivals which came to town. He finished junior high school but spent much of his time at the Palace Theater in Red Bank, where doing occasional chores gained him free admission to performances. He quickly learned to improvise music appropriate to the acts and the silent movies.

Though a natural at the piano, Basie preferred drums. Discouraged by the obvious talents of Sonny Greer, who also lived in Red Bank and became Duke Ellington's drummer in 1919, Basie switched to piano exclusively at age 15. Greer and Basie played together in venues until Greer set out on his professional career. By then, Basie was playing with pick-up groups for dances, resorts, and amateur shows, including Harry Richardson's "Kings of Syncopation". When not playing a gig, he hung out at the local pool hall with other musicians, where he picked up on upcoming play dates and gossip. He got some jobs in Asbury Park at the Jersey Shore, and played at the Hong Kong Inn until a better player took his place.

Early career
Around 1920, Basie went to Harlem, a hotbed of jazz, where he lived down the block from the Alhambra Theater. Early after his arrival, he bumped into Sonny Greer, who was by then the drummer for the Washingtonians, Duke Ellington's early band. Soon, Basie met many of the Harlem musicians who were "making the scene," including Willie "the Lion" Smith and James P. Johnson.

Basie toured in several acts between 1925 and 1927, including Katie Krippen and Her Kiddies (featuring singer Katie Crippen) as part of the Hippity Hop show; on the Keith, the Columbia Burlesque, and the Theater Owners Booking Association (T.O.B.A.) vaudeville circuits; and as a soloist and accompanist to blues singer Gonzelle White as well as Crippen. His touring took him to Kansas City, St. Louis, New Orleans, and Chicago. Throughout his tours, Basie met many jazz musicians, including Louis Armstrong. Before he was 20 years old, he toured extensively on the Keith and TOBA vaudeville circuits as a solo pianist, accompanist, and music director for blues singers, dancers, and comedians. This provided an early training that was to prove significant in his later career.

Back in Harlem in 1925, Basie gained his first steady job at Leroy's, a place known for its piano players and its "cutting contests". The place catered to "uptown celebrities", and typically the band winged every number without sheet music using "head arrangements". He met Fats Waller, who was playing organ at the Lincoln Theater accompanying silent movies, and Waller taught him how to play that instrument. (Basie later played organ at the Eblon Theater in Kansas City). As he did with Duke Ellington, Willie "the Lion" Smith helped Basie out during the lean times by arranging gigs at "house-rent parties", introducing him to other leading musicians, and teaching him some piano technique.

In 1928, Basie was in Tulsa and heard Walter Page and his Famous Blue Devils, one of the first big bands, which featured Jimmy Rushing on vocals. A few months later, he was invited to join the band, which played mostly in Texas and Oklahoma. It was at this time that he began to be known as "Count" Basie (see Jazz royalty).

Kansas City years
The following year, in 1929, Basie became the pianist with the Bennie Moten band based in Kansas City, inspired by Moten's ambition to raise his band to match the level of those led by Duke Ellington or Fletcher Henderson. Where the Blue Devils were "snappier" and more "bluesy", the Moten band was more refined and respected, playing in the "Kansas City stomp" style. In addition to playing piano, Basie was co-arranger with Eddie Durham, who notated the music.
Their "Moten Swing", which Basie claimed credit for, was an invaluable contribution to the development of swing music, and at one performance at the Pearl Theatre in Philadelphiaa in December 1932, the theatre opened its door to allow anybody in who wanted to hear the band perform. During a stay in Chicago, Basie recorded with the band. He occasionally played four-hand piano and dual pianos with Moten, who also conducted. The band improved with several personnel changes, including the addition of tenor saxophonist Ben Webster.

When the band voted Moten out, Basie took over for several months, calling the group Count Basie and his Cherry Blossoms. When his own band folded, he rejoined Moten with a newly re-organized band. A year later, Basie joined Bennie Moten's band, and played with them until Moten died in 1935 from a failed tonsillectomy. The band tried to stay together but failed. Basie then formed his own nine-piece band, Barons of Rhythm, with many former Moten members including Walter Page (bass), Freddie Green (guitar), Jo Jones (drums), Lester Young (tenor saxophone) and Jimmy Rushing (vocals).

The Barons of Rhythm were regulars at the Reno Club and often performed for a live radio broadcast. During a broadcast the announcer wanted to give Basie's name some style, so he called him "Count". It  positioned him with Earl Hines, as well as Duke Ellington.

Basie's new band played at the Reno Club and sometimes were broadcast on local radio. Late one night with time to fill, the band started improvising. Basie liked the results and named the piece "One O'Clock Jump". According to Basie, "we hit it with the rhythm section and went into the riffs, and the riffs just stuck. We set the thing up front in D-flat, and then we just went on playing in F." It became his signature tune.

John Hammond and first recordings

At the end of 1936, Basie and his band, now billed as Count Basie and His Barons of Rhythm, moved from Kansas City to Chicago, where they honed their repertoire at a long engagement at the Grand Terrace Cafe. Right from the start, Basie's band was known for its rhythm section. Another Basie innovation was the use of two tenor saxophone players; at the time, most bands had just one. When Young complained of Herschel Evans' vibrato, Basie placed them on either side of the alto players, and soon had the tenor players engaged in "duels". Many other bands later adapted the split tenor arrangement.

In that city in October 1936, the band had a recording session which the producer John Hammond later described as "the only perfect, completely perfect recording session I've ever had anything to do with". Hammond first heard Basie's band on the radio and went to Kansas City to check them out. He invited them to record, in performances which were Lester Young's earliest recordings. Those four sides were released on Vocalion Records under the band name of Jones-Smith Incorporated; the sides were "Shoe Shine Boy", "Evening", "Boogie Woogie", and "Oh Lady Be Good". After Vocalion became a subsidiary of Columbia Records in 1938, "Boogie Woogie" was released in 1941 as part of a four-record compilation album entitled Boogie Woogie (Columbia album C44). When he made the Vocalion recordings, Basie had already signed with Decca Records, but did not have his first recording session with them until January 1937.

By then, Basie's sound was characterized by a "jumping" beat and the contrapuntal accents of his own piano. His personnel around 1937 included: Lester Young and Herschel Evans (tenor sax), Freddie Green (guitar), Jo Jones (drums), Walter Page (bass), Earle Warren (alto sax), Buck Clayton and Harry Edison (trumpet), Benny Morton and Dickie Wells (trombone). Lester Young, known as "Prez" by the band, came up with nicknames for all the other band members. He called Basie "Holy Man", "Holy Main", and just plain "Holy".

Basie favored blues, and he would showcase some of the most notable blues singers of the era after he went to New York: Billie Holiday, Jimmy Rushing, Big Joe Turner, Helen Humes, and Joe Williams. He also hired arrangers who knew how to maximize the band's abilities, such as Eddie Durham and Jimmy Mundy.

New York City and the swing years
When Basie took his orchestra to New York in 1937, they made the Woodside Hotel in Harlem their base (they often rehearsed in its basement). Soon, they were booked at the Roseland Ballroom for the Christmas show. Basie recalled a review, which said something like, "We caught the great Count Basie band which is supposed to be so hot he was going to come in here and set the Roseland on fire. Well, the Roseland is still standing". Compared to the reigning band of Fletcher Henderson, Basie's band lacked polish and presentation.

The producer John Hammond continued to advise and encourage the band, and they soon came up with some adjustments, including softer playing, more solos, and more standards. They paced themselves to save their hottest numbers for later in the show, to give the audience a chance to warm up. His first official recordings for Decca followed, under contract to agent MCA, including "Pennies from Heaven" and "Honeysuckle Rose".

Hammond introduced Basie to Billie Holiday, whom he invited to sing with the band. (Holiday did not record with Basie, as she had her own record contract and preferred working with small combos). The band's first appearance at the Apollo Theater followed, with the vocalists Holiday and Jimmy Rushing getting the most attention. Durham returned to help with arranging and composing, but for the most part, the orchestra worked out its numbers in rehearsal, with Basie guiding the proceedings. There were often no musical notations made. Once the musicians found what they liked, they usually were able to repeat it using their "head arrangements" and collective memory.

Next, Basie played at the Savoy, which was noted more for lindy-hopping, while the Roseland was a place for fox-trots and congas. In early 1938, the Savoy was the meeting ground for a "battle of the bands" with Chick Webb's group. Basie had Holiday, and Webb countered with the singer Ella Fitzgerald. As Metronome magazine proclaimed, "Basie's Brilliant Band Conquers Chick's"; the article described the evening:

Throughout the fight, which never let down in its intensity during the whole fray, Chick took the aggressive, with the Count playing along easily and, on the whole, more musically scientifically. Undismayed by Chick's forceful drum beating, which sent the audience into shouts of encouragement and appreciation and casual beads of perspiration to drop from Chick's brow onto the brass cymbals, the Count maintained an attitude of poise and self-assurance. He constantly parried Chick's thundering haymakers with tantalizing runs and arpeggios which teased more and more force from his adversary.

The publicity over the big band battle, before and after, gave the Basie band a boost and wider recognition. Soon after, Benny Goodman recorded their signature "One O'Clock Jump" with his band.

A few months later, Holiday left for Artie Shaw's band. Hammond introduced Helen Humes, whom Basie hired; she stayed with Basie for four years. When Eddie Durham left for Glenn Miller's orchestra, he was replaced by Dicky Wells. Basie's 14-man band began playing at the Famous Door, a mid-town nightspot with a CBS network feed and air conditioning, which Hammond was said to have bought the club in return for their booking Basie steadily throughout the summer of 1938. Their fame took a huge leap. Adding to their play book, Basie received arrangements from Jimmy Mundy (who had also worked with Benny Goodman and Earl Hines), particularly for "Cherokee", "Easy Does It", and "Super Chief". In 1939, Basie and his band made a major cross-country tour, including their first West Coast dates. A few months later, Basie quit MCA and signed with the William Morris Agency, who got them better fees.

On February 19, 1940, Count Basie and his Orchestra opened a four-week engagement at Southland in Boston, and they broadcast over the radio on February 20.
On the West Coast, in 1942 the band did a spot in Reveille With Beverly, a musical film starring Ann Miller, and a "Command Performance" for Armed Forces Radio, with Hollywood stars Clark Gable, Bette Davis, Carmen Miranda, Jerry Colonna, and the singer Dinah Shore. Other minor movie spots followed, including Choo Choo Swing, Crazy House, Top Man, Stage Door Canteen, and Hit Parade of 1943. They also continued to record for OKeh Records and Columbia Records. The war years caused a lot of members turn over, and the band worked many play dates with lower pay. Dance hall bookings were down sharply as swing began to fade, the effects of the musicians' strikes of 1942–44 and 1948 began to be felt, and the public's taste grew for singers.

Basie occasionally lost some key soloists. However, throughout the 1940s, he maintained a big band that possessed an infectious rhythmic beat, an enthusiastic team spirit, and a long list of inspired and talented jazz soloists.

Los Angeles and the Cavalcade of Jazz concerts
Count Basie was the featured artist at the first Cavalcade of Jazz concert held at Wrigley Field on September 23, 1945, which was produced by Leon Hefflin Sr.  Al Jarvis was the Emcee and other artists to appear on stage were Joe Liggins and his Honeydrippers, The Peters Sisters, Slim and Bam, Valaida Snow, and Big Joe Turner. They played to a crowd of 15,000. Count Basie and his Orchestra played at the tenth Cavalcade of Jazz concert also at Wrigley Field on June 20, 1954. He played along with The Flairs, Christine Kittrell, Lamp Lighters, Louis Jordan and His Tympany Five, Ruth Brown, and Perez Prado and his Orchestra.

Post-war and later years

The big band era appeared to have ended after the war, and Basie disbanded the group. For a while, he performed in combos, sometimes stretched to an orchestra. In 1950, he headlined the Universal-International short film "Sugar Chile" Robinson, Billie Holiday, Count Basie and His Sextet. He reformed his group as a 16-piece orchestra in 1952. This group was eventually called the New Testament band. Basie credited Billy Eckstine, a top male vocalist of the time, for prompting his return to Big Band. He said that Norman Granz got them into the Birdland club and promoted the new band through recordings on the Mercury, Clef, and Verve labels. The jukebox era had begun, and Basie shared the exposure along with early rock'n'roll and rhythm and blues artists. Basie's new band was more of an ensemble group, with fewer solo turns, and relying less on "head" and more on written arrangements.

Basie added touches of bebop "so long as it made sense", and he required that "it all had to have feeling". Basie's band was sharing Birdland with such bebop musicians as Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Miles Davis. Behind the occasional bebop solos, he always kept his strict rhythmic pulse, "so it doesn't matter what they do up front; the audience gets the beat". Basie also added flute to some numbers, a novelty at the time that became widely copied. Soon, his band was touring and recording again. The new band included: Paul Campbell, Tommy Turrentine, Johnny Letman, Idrees Sulieman, and Joe Newman (trumpet); Jimmy Wilkins, Benny Powell, Matthew Gee (trombone); Paul Quinichette and Floyd "Candy" Johnson (tenor sax); Marshal Royal and Ernie Wilkins (alto sax); and Charlie Fowlkes (baritone sax). DownBeat magazine reported: "(Basie) has managed to assemble an ensemble that can thrill both the listener who remembers 1938 and the youngster who has never before heard a big band like this." In 1957, Basie sued the jazz venue Ball and Chain in Miami over outstanding fees, causing the closure of the venue.

In 1958, the band made its first European tour. Jazz was especially appreciated in France, The Netherlands, and Germany in the 1950s; these countries were the stomping grounds for many expatriate American jazz stars who were either resurrecting their careers or sitting out the years of racial divide in the United States. Neal Hefti began to provide arrangements, including "Lil Darlin'". By the mid-1950s, Basie's band had become one of the preeminent backing big bands for some of the most prominent jazz vocalists of the time. They also toured with the "Birdland Stars of 1955", whose lineup included Sarah Vaughan, Erroll Garner, Lester Young, George Shearing, and Stan Getz.

In 1957, Basie the live album Count Basie at Newport. "April in Paris" (arrangement by Wild Bill Davis) was a best-selling instrumental and the title song for the hit album. The Basie band made two tours in the British Isles and on the second, they put on a command performance for Queen Elizabeth II, along with Judy Garland, Vera Lynn, and Mario Lanza. He was a guest on ABC's The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, a venue also opened to several other black entertainers. In 1959, Basie's band recorded a "greatest hits" double album The Count Basie Story (Frank Foster, arranger), and Basie/Eckstine Incorporated, an album featuring Billy Eckstine, Quincy Jones (as arranger) and the Count Basie Orchestra. It was released by Roulette Records, then later reissued by Capitol Records.

Later that year, Basie appeared on a television special with Fred Astaire, featuring a dance solo to "Sweet Georgia Brown", followed in January 1961 by Basie performing at one of the five John F. Kennedy Inaugural Balls. That summer, Basie and Duke Ellington combined forces for the recording First Time! The Count Meets the Duke, each providing four numbers from their play books.

During the balance of the 1960s, the band kept active with tours, recordings, television appearances, festivals, Las Vegas shows, and travel abroad, including cruises. Some time around 1964, Basie adopted his trademark yachting cap.

Through steady changes in personnel, Basie led the band into the 1980s. Basie made a few more movie appearances, such as in the Jerry Lewis film Cinderfella (1960) and the Mel Brooks movie Blazing Saddles (1974), playing a revised arrangement of "April in Paris".

Basie was a Prince Hall Freemason as a member of Wisdom Lodge No. 102 in Chicago as well as a Shriner.

Marriage, family and death

Basie was a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity. On July 21, 1930, Basie married Vivian Lee Winn, in Kansas City, Missouri. They were divorced sometime before 1935. Some time in or before 1935, the now single Basie returned to New York City, renting a house at 111 West 138th Street, Manhattan, as evidenced by the 1940 census. He married Catherine Morgan on July 13, 1940, in the King County courthouse in Seattle, Washington. In 1942, they moved to Queens. Their only child, Diane, was born February 6, 1944. She was born with cerebral palsy and the doctors claimed she would never walk. The couple kept her and cared deeply for her, and especially through her mother's tutelage, Diane learned not only to walk but to swim. The Basies bought a home in the new whites-only neighborhood of Addisleigh Park in 1946 on Adelaide Road and 175th Street, St. Albans, Queens.
On April 11, 1983, Catherine Basie died of heart disease at the couple's home in Freeport, Grand Bahama Island. She was 67 years old. Daughter Diane Basie died 15 October 2022 of a heart attack.

Count Basie died of pancreatic cancer in Hollywood, Florida, on April 26, 1984, at the age of 79.

Singers
Basie hitched his star to some of the most famous vocalists of the 1950s and 1960s, which helped keep the Big Band sound alive and added greatly to his recording catalog. Jimmy Rushing sang with Basie in the late 1930s. Joe Williams toured with the band and was featured on the 1957 album One O'Clock Jump, and 1956's Count Basie Swings, Joe Williams Sings, with "Every Day (I Have the Blues)" becoming a huge hit. With Billy Eckstine on the album Basie/Eckstine Incorporated, in 1959. Ella Fitzgerald made some memorable recordings with Basie, including the 1963 album Ella and Basie!. With the New Testament Basie band in full swing, and arrangements written by a youthful Quincy Jones, this album proved a swinging respite from her Songbook recordings and constant touring she did during this period. She even toured with the Basie Orchestra in the mid-1970s, and Fitzgerald and Basie also met on the 1979 albums A Classy Pair, Digital III at Montreux, and A Perfect Match, the last two also recorded live at Montreux. In addition to Quincy Jones, Basie was using arrangers such as Benny Carter (Kansas City Suite), Neal Hefti (The Atomic Mr Basie), and Sammy Nestico (Basie-Straight Ahead).

Frank Sinatra recorded for the first time with Basie on 1962's Sinatra-Basie and for a second studio album on 1964's It Might as Well Be Swing, which was arranged by Quincy Jones. Jones also arranged and conducted 1966's live Sinatra at the Sands which featured Sinatra with Count Basie and his orchestra at the Sands Hotel in Las Vegas. In May 1970, Sinatra performed in London's Royal Festival Hall with the Basie orchestra, in a charity benefit for the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. Sinatra later said of this concert "I have a funny feeling that those two nights could have been my finest hour, really. It went so well; it was so thrilling and exciting".

Basie also recorded with Tony Bennett in the late 1950s. Their albums together included In Person and Strike Up the Band. Basie also toured with Bennett, including a date at Carnegie Hall. He also recorded with Sammy Davis Jr., Bing Crosby, and Sarah Vaughan. One of Basie's biggest regrets was never recording with Louis Armstrong, though they shared the same bill several times. In 1968, Basie and his Band recorded an album with Jackie Wilson titled Manufacturers of Soul.

Legacy and honors

Count Basie introduced several generations of listeners to the Big Band sound and left an influential catalog. Basie is remembered by many who worked for him as being considerate of musicians and their opinions, modest, relaxed, fun-loving, dryly witty, and always enthusiastic about his music. In his autobiography, he wrote, "I think the band can really swing when it swings easy, when it can just play along like you are cutting butter."
 In Red Bank, New Jersey, the Count Basie Theatre, a property on Monmouth Street redeveloped for live performances, and Count Basie Field were named in his honor.
 Received an honorary doctorate from Berklee College of Music in 1974.
 Mechanic Street, where he grew up with his family, has the honorary title of Count Basie Way.
 In 2009, Edgecombe Avenue and 160th Street in Washington Heights, Manhattan, were renamed as Paul Robeson Boulevard and Count Basie Place. The corner is the location of 555 Edgecombe Avenue, also known as the Paul Robeson Home, a National Historic Landmark where Count Basie had also lived.
 In 2010, Basie was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.
 In October 2013, version 3.7 of WordPress was code-named Count Basie.
 In 2019, Basie was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame.
 Asteroid 35394 Countbasie, discovered by astronomers at Caussols in 1997, was named after him. The official  was published by the Minor Planet Center on November 8, 2019 ().
 6508 Hollywood Blvd in Hollywood, California is the location of Count Basie's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Representation in other media
 Jerry Lewis used "Blues in Hoss' Flat" from Basie's Chairman of the Board album, as the basis for his own "Chairman of the Board" routine in the movie The Errand Boy.
"Blues in Hoss' Flat," composed by Basie band member Frank Foster, was used by the radio DJ Al "Jazzbeaux" Collins as his theme song in San Francisco and New York.
 In Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992), Brenda Fricker's "Pigeon Lady" character claims to have heard Basie in Carnegie Hall.
 Drummer Neil Peart of the Canadian rock band Rush recorded a version of "One O'Clock Jump" with the Buddy Rich Big Band, and has used it at the end of his drum solos on the 2002 Vapor Trails Tour and Rush's 30th Anniversary Tour.
Since 1963 "The Kid From Red Bank" has been the theme and signature music for the most popular Norwegian radio show, Reiseradioen, aired at NRK P1 every day during the summer.
 In the 2016 movie The Matchbreaker, Emily Atkins (Christina Grimmie) recounts the story of how Count Basie met his wife three times without speaking to her, telling her he would marry her some day in their first conversation, and then marrying her seven years later.
The post-hardcore band Dance Gavin Dance have a song titled "Count Bassy" that is included on their 2018 album Artificial Selection.
In his novel This Storm, James Ellroy makes Basie a character who is blackmailed by corrupt Los Angeles police to play a New Year's Eve concert in exchange for ignoring a marijuana charge.

Discography
Count Basie made most of his albums with his big band. See the Count Basie Orchestra Discography.

From 1929 to 1932, Basie was part of Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra:
 Count Basie in Kansas City: Bennie Moten's Great Band of 1930-1932 (RCA Victor, 1965)
 Basie Beginnings: Bennie Moten's Kansas City Orchestra (1929–1932) (Bluebird/RCA, 1989)
 The Swinging Count!, (Clef, 1952)
 Count Basie Presents Eddie Davis Trio + Joe Newman (Roulette, 1958)
 The Atomic Mr. Basie (Roulette, 1958)
 Memories Ad-Lib with Joe Williams (Roulette, 1958)
 Basie/Eckstine Incorporated with Billy Eckstine ( Roulette 1959)
 String Along with Basie (Roulette, 1960)
 Count Basie and the Kansas City 7 (Impulse!, 1962)
 Basie Swingin' Voices Singin' with the Alan Copeland Singers (ABC-Paramount, 1966)
 Basie Meets Bond (United Artists, 1966)
 Basie's Beatle Bag (Verve, 1966)
 Basie on the Beatles (Verve, 1969)
 Loose Walk with Roy Eldridge (Pablo, 1972)
 Basie Jam (Pablo, 1973)
 The Bosses with Big Joe Turner (1973)
 For the First Time (Pablo, 1974)
 Satch and Josh with Oscar Peterson (Pablo, 1974)
 Basie & Zoot with Zoot Sims (Pablo, 1975)
 Count Basie Jam Session at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1975 (Pablo, 1975)
 For the Second Time (Pablo, 1975)
 Basie Jam 2 (Pablo, 1976)
 Basie Jam 3 (Pablo, 1976)
 Kansas City 5 (Pablo, 1977)
 The Gifted Ones with Dizzy Gillespie (Pablo, 1977)
 Montreux '77 (Pablo, 1977)
 Basie Jam: Montreux '77 (Pablo, 1977)
 Satch and Josh...Again with Oscar Peterson (Pablo, 1977)
 Night Rider with Oscar Peterson (Pablo, 1978)
 Count Basie Meets Oscar Peterson – The Timekeepers (Pablo, 1978)
 Yessir, That's My Baby with Oscar Peterson (Pablo, 1978)
 Kansas City 8: Get Together (Pablo, 1979)
 Kansas City 7 (Pablo, 1980)
 On the Road (Pablo, 1980)
 Kansas City 6 (Pablo, 1981)
 Mostly Blues...and Some Others (Pablo, 1983)
 88 Basie Street (Pablo, 1983)

As sideman
With Eddie Lockjaw Davis
 Count Basie Presents Eddie Davis Trio + Joe Newman (Roulette, 1957)
With Harry Edison
 Edison's Lights (Pablo, 1976)
With Benny Goodman
 The Famous 1938 Carnegie Hall Jazz Concert (Columbia, 1939)
 Solo Flight: The Genius of Charlie Christian (Columbia, 1939)
With Jo Jones
 Jo Jones Special (Vanguard, 1955)
With Joe Newman
 Joe Newman and the Boys in the Band (Storyville, 1954)
With Paul Quinichette
 The Vice Pres (Verve, 1952)
With Lester Young
 The Complete Savoy Recordings (Savoy, 1944)

Filmography
 Policy Man (1938)
 Hit Parade of 1943 (1943) – as himself
 Top Man (1943) – as himself
 Sugar Chile Robinson, Billie Holiday, Count Basie and His Sextet (1950) – as himself
 Jamboree (1957)
 Cinderfella (1960) – as himself
 Sex and the Single Girl (1964) – as himself with his orchestra
 Blazing Saddles (1974) – as himself with his orchestra
 Last of the Blue Devils (1979) – interview and concert by the orchestra in documentary on Kansas City music

Awards

Grammy Awards
In 1958, Basie became the first African-American to win a Grammy Award.

Grammy Hall of Fame
By 2011, four recordings of Count Basie had been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least 25 years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance."

Honors and inductions
On May 23, 1985, William "Count" Basie was presented, posthumously, with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Ronald Reagan. The award was received by Aaron Woodward.

On September 11, 1996, the U.S. Post Office issued a Count Basie 32 cents postage stamp. Basie is a part of the Big Band Leaders issue, which, is in turn, part of the Legends of American Music series.

In 2009, Basie was inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.

In May 2019, Basie was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame at a ceremony in Memphis, TN, presented by The Blues Foundation.

National Recording Registry
In 2005, Count Basie's song "One O'Clock Jump" (1937) was included by the National Recording Preservation Board in the Library of Congress National Recording Registry. The board selects songs in an annual basis that are "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."

References

External links

 The Count Basie Orchestra official website
 Count Basie discography at iMusic.am
 International Jose Guillermo Carrillo Foundation
 Basie biography at swingmusic.net
 BBC Profile of Count Basie
 Downbeat Magazine
 U.S. Postal Service Biography
 Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom – May 23, 1985
 Basie biography and album list
 Image of Wayne King, Count Basie, Duke Ellington and Bill Elliot at Big Band Festival at Disneyland, Anaheim, 1964. Los Angeles Times Photographic Archive (Collection 1429). UCLA Library Special Collections, Charles E. Young Research Library, University of California, Los Angeles.
 Count Basie recordings at the Discography of American Historical Recordings.

1904 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American male actors
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century jazz composers
African-American jazz composers
African-American jazz musicians
African-American jazz pianists
African-American male actors
American Freemasons
American jazz bandleaders
American jazz composers
American jazz organists
American jazz pianists
American male jazz composers
American male jazz musicians
American male organists
American male pianists
American Prince Hall Freemasons
Apex Records artists
Big band bandleaders
Big band pianists
Black Lion Records artists
Burials in New York (state)
Count Basie Orchestra members
Deaths from pancreatic cancer in Florida
Decca Records artists
Grammy Award winners
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners
Jazz musicians from New Jersey
Mercury Records artists
Jazz musicians from New York City
Oklahoma City Blue Devils members
People from Red Bank, New Jersey
People from St. Albans, Queens
Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients
RCA Victor artists
Reprise Records artists
Roulette Records artists
Swing bandleaders
Shriners
Swing pianists
Vaudeville performers
Vocalion Records artists
Clef Records artists
Kennedy Center honorees

Count Basie


The second Mundialito de Clubes (or Club World Cup) was a beach soccer tournament that took place at the Praia do Sol stadium at the Arena Guarapiranga sport complex, located near Represa de Guarapiranga, a reservoir located in São Paulo, Brazil from 12 – 19 May 2012. The stadium has a seating capacity of 3,500 spectators.

Participating teams
Twelve teams confirmed their participation in this year's tournament, an increase of two teams who participated last year:

Draft procedure

On 25 April 2012, at the Beach Soccer Worldwide headquarters in Barcelona, Spain, the Official Draft took place, with each team selecting ten players each. Each team has until 2159 GMT on 27 April 2012 to complete any player transfers and also the confirmation of a possible former football star (to be approved by Beach Soccer Worldwide).

According to the draft procedure, the team representative of every Club is to attend that meeting in the two aforementioned venue, and he will be the responsible of picking the players for his squad. All Beach Soccer players can be potentially selected, and, just as it happens in great events for leagues such as the NBA, NHL or Major League Baseball, in order to set a balanced, competitive tournament, the Draft for the players' election will follow some guidelines.

Players

The 'Draft' followed the following criteria: three national players (chosen beforehand), three continental players (up two from the same country), a player UEFA / CONMEBOL (South America and Europe), a player from AFC / CAF / CONCACAF / OFC (Asia / Africa / North America and the Caribbean / Oceania) player and a 'national'.

Squads

Group stage
The draw to divide the teams into three groups of four was conducted on 24 April 2012.

All kickoff times are of local time in São Paulo, (UTC-3).

Group A

Group B

Group C

Knockout stage
A draw was held after the group stage matches were completed to determine the quarterfinal pairings.

Quarterfinals

Semifinals

Third place playoff

Final

Winners

Awards

See also
Beach soccer
Beach Soccer Worldwide

References

External links
Beach Soccer Worldwide
Beach Soccer Brasil (Portuguese)
I Mundialito de Clubes Beach Soccer Official Site (Portuguese)
II Mundialito de Clubes Beach Soccer Official Site (Portuguese)
Tournament page at Beachsoccer.ru (Russian)

Mundialito de Clubes
Mundialito De Clubes
2012
Sport in São Paulo
2012 in beach soccer

2012 Mundialito de Clubes


Guy Clyde Conti (born March 9, 1942) is a senior advisor and the former Major League Baseball bullpen coach for the New York Mets. He was one of Willie Randolph's first hires as manager in winter  and began as a coach in the  season. Prior to joining the Mets, Conti held various coaching positions in the Los Angeles Dodgers' minor league system, where he befriended Sandy Koufax and also worked with young pitchers such as Pedro Martínez and Ismael Valdez. Martinez credits Conti for teaching him English when Conti coached Martinez in Great Falls, Montana, calling him "my white daddy." Conti briefly played in the Houston Astros organization as a catcher, after which he coached basketball at Edinboro University of Pennsylvania. He also coached football at Northwestern High School in Albion, Pennsylvania in the 1960s and early 1970s. Prior to joining Houston, he played baseball for one season at Clarion State College (now Clarion University) and returned to Clarion after his playing days earning a degree in 1965.

References

External links

1942 births
Living people
Clarion Golden Eagles baseball players
New York Mets coaches
Salisbury Braves players
Minor league baseball managers
Baseball coaches from Pennsylvania

Guy Conti


Anna-Kristin Ljunggren (born 13 June 1984 in Narvik) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland in 2005. At 21, Ljunggren became the youngest parliamentarian in Norwegian history, along with Trond Jensrud, who was 21 when he was elected in 1989.

On the local level she was a member of the executive committee of Narvik municipality council from 2003 to 2005.

Anna Ljunggren is the daughter of Per Åge Ljunggren, associate professor and rector at the Narvik University College.

References

1984 births
Living people
Members of the Storting
Centre Party (Norway) politicians
Nordland politicians
People from Narvik
Norwegian University of Science and Technology alumni
Women members of the Storting
21st-century Norwegian politicians
21st-century Norwegian women politicians

Anna Ljunggren


Ellsworth Bishop Foote (January 12, 1898 – January 18, 1977) was a U.S. Representative from Connecticut.

Born in North Branford, Connecticut, Foote attended the public schools.
He was graduated from Yale Business College in 1916 and from Georgetown University Law School, Washington, D.C., in 1923.
He was admitted to the bar in 1924 and commenced practice in New Haven, Connecticut.
Corporation counsel of North Branford 1924-1946.
He served as special assistant to the Attorney General, at the United States Department of Justice, Washington, D.C., February 1925 to July 1926.
He served as chairman of the board of finance of North Branford 1934-1946.
He served as judge of probate, North Branford District from 1938 to 1946.
Acting judge of probate, New Haven Probate Court, November 1944 to July 1945.
Attorney for the county of New Haven 1942-1946.
Again from 1949 to 1960.

Foote was elected as a Republican to the Eightieth Congress (January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949).
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1948 to the Eighty-first Congress.
Corporation counsel for town of North Branford.
He resumed the practice of law.
He died in Guilford, Connecticut, January 18, 1977.
He was interred in Bare Plain Cemetery, North Branford, Connecticut.

His daughter, Roberta (Foote) Koontz, ran unsuccessfully for congress in 1984.

References

External links

1898 births
1977 deaths
Yale University alumni
Georgetown University Law Center alumni
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Connecticut
Connecticut state court judges
20th-century American judges
20th-century American politicians

Ellsworth Foote


Marjetka "Neca" Falk (born 19 June 1950) is a Slovenian pop singer. She was born in Maribor, a city in Slovenian Styria. She started her career at the Youth Festival in Tivoli Hall in 1969 and released her first album, Danes (English: Today), in 1977. She is well known for her chansons and for her children's songs about cats, written by Kajetan Kovič. She also collaborated with Alfi Nipič, Bojan Adamič, Andrej Šifrer, Tomaž Domicelj, Atomsko sklonište, and others.

Hits
 Prva ljubezen (First Love; Vesela jesen [Merry Autumn], 1972)
 Kako sva si različna (How Different We Are; with Alfi Nipič)
 Dobro jutro, dober dan (Good Morning, Good Afternoon)
 Banane (Bananas)
 Vsi ljudje hitijo (All People Hurry)
 Dravski most (Banks of the Ohio) (The Drava Bridge)
 Maček Muri (Magic Muri, Tomcat Tom, Muri the Cat)
 Muca Maca (Pussy Cat)

Discography

Albums
Danes (Today, Helidon 1977)
Vsi Ijudje hitijo (All People Hurry, RTV LJ, 1978)
Zlata ladja (Golden Ship, 1978)
Najjači ostaju (The Strongest Stay, RTV LJ, 1980)
Nervozna (Nervous, RTV LJ, 1981)
Maček Muri in Muca Maca (Magic Muri and Pussy Cat, 1984)
Maček Muri in Muca Maca (Magic Muri and Pussy Cat, Mačji disk [Cat's Disk], 1992. A cassette and a videocassette)(re-release)
Neca Falk (Mačji disk [Cat's Disk], 1993)(re-release)
Dravski most (The Drava Bridge; Mačji disk [Cat's Disk], 1994)(re-release)
Zlata ladja (Golden Ship; Mačji disk [Cat's Disk], 1994)(re-release)
Portreti (Portraits; Mačji disk [Cat's Disk], 1996)(greatest hits)

References

1950 births
Living people
Slovenian pop singers
Slovenian singer-songwriters
Slovenian women singer-songwriters
20th-century Slovenian women singers
Musicians from Maribor
Yugoslav women singers
21st-century Slovenian women singers

Neca Falk


Geetanjali Babbar is the founder and director of a non-profit named Kat-Katha that works to empower and liberate sex workers in brothels of the largest red light area known as G.B. Road of Delhi.

Education and early years
Geetanjali graduated with honours from Maharaja Agrasen College, Delhi University with a degree in journalism and has a post-graduation in development communications from Jamia Milia Islami University. She received a Gandhi Fellowship in 2010, a two-year leadership program. and 2013 Laureate Global Fellowship.

While studying, she was involved with National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) where she got a chance to closely work with eunuchs.

Kat-Katha
While working with the National AIDS Control Organisation, she visited Delhi's GB Road for the first time and got an opportunity to meet sex workers. She learned that these sex workers were made to serve 20-40 customers in a day, and that the women urgently needed a support system to talk about their personal lives and issues apart from gaining safe sex information. She refused high-profile job offers to set up Kat-Katha that aims to improve the lives of the sex workers in Delhi's infamous GB Road red light area.

She helps them nurture their dreams, educate, and enrich their community. She encourages them to join mainstream life by helping them learn arts like stitching, embroidery, painting and motivates them to explore alternate life choices.

Today, Kat-Katha serves 3,600-4,000 sex workers and teaches them a new way of life. Her organisation has 12 teachers from well-known colleges for its educational program and is taking care of 10-12 brothels. With the help of Kat-katha, 3 women are successfully working as tailors, along with 26 sex workers and 21 children who are being given quality education.

In addition to the training, the center also provides safe zones for the women and their children. Kat-Katha also helps children of these women to spend their childhood out of the gloomy world. She believes that community participation is at the very core of this initiative.

She spoke at TEDx Talk and was the on-air contest winner (Theme-Delhi ke Heroes) at Radio Mirchi 98.3 FM's 'FLAT 983'.

References

Living people
Indian social reformers
Delhi University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)

Geetanjali Babbar


PVR (DVR)-resistant advertising is a form of advertising which is designed specifically to remain viewable despite a user skipping through the commercials when using a device such as a TiVo or other digital video recorder. For instance, a black bar with a product's tagline and logo or the title of a promoted television program or film and its release date may appear on the top of the screen and remain visible much longer being fast-forwarded than a usual commercial.

This was used first by cable network FX's British network when advertising Brotherhood.

References

Advertising by medium
Digital video recorders

PVR-resistant advertising


Molinukai are Lithuanian ocarinas, made in the shape of a tube or a toy figure. The tube-shaped whistles are made of clay mixed with sand.  The clay is kneaded and rolled, and rolled around a small stick. The stick is removed, one end of the tube is squeezed shut, while the other end is flattened and the blowing hole is made with a thin splinter. A whistle hole and two to four finger holes are made in the top.  Toy shapes are made in the same way as tubes, but the hollow is carved in a finished shape.  The molinukai are carved and then fired in an oven.  The sound of a molinukas is soft, and the timbre is delicate. Musical possibilities are determined by the number of finger holes.  Melodies are improvised.  At times, sutartinės were played with these whistles.  The molinukai were toys used by herders and children.

References

Sources

Vessel flutes
Lithuanian musical instruments

Molinukai


Plaguers is a 2008 American science-fiction horror film written and directed by Brad Sykes and featuring Steve Railsback.

Plot
Tarver (Steve Railsback) is a crew member on board Pandora, a freight transport carrier headed toward Earth with a desperately needed new energy supply, a strange substance called "Thanatos". Pandoras captain, Darian Holoway (Alexis Zibolis) was recently promoted after the death of former captain Rubini (David P. Johnson). Some of the crew are suspicious of the Thanatos. Approaching Earth, the ship diverts to respond to a distress call from the spacecraft Diana. The Diana appears abandoned until the discovery of four nurses from the Dianas medical facility who claim to have survived a pirate attack. The nurses are actually the pirates and they attempt a takeover of the Pandora. During the struggles, the Thanatos container is ruptured and fluid spills onto one of the pirates. She mutates and becomes a "plaguer". One by one, the pirates and the Pandora crew become infected, as the Thanatos becomes strong enough to take control of the ship and head it straight toward Earth.

Cast

 Steve Railsback as Tarver
 Noelle Perris as Kyra
 Alexis Zibolis as Holloway
 Jared Cohn as Riley (as Jared Michaels)
 Paige La Pierre as Sadie
 Bobby James as Mason
 Stepanie Skewes as Nola
 Chad Nell as Briggs
 Maija Polsley as Landon
 Erica Browne as Alida
 David P. Johnson as Rubini

Background
Writer/director Brad Sykes included certain elements that were reminiscent of Alien. His reference points in writing the film were Aliens, Prince of Darkness, and The Thing. He said he "liked how the characters didn't die, but were transformed into something alien or inhuman as the story progressed." Sykes also said that Italian film director Lamberto Bava's Dèmoni (also known as Demons) influenced the actions of the plaguers themselves and that he loves "the wild energy of Italian horror films and tried to bring that into the film whenever possible." He even told his cast to watch Dèmoni for inspiration.

Reception
Quiet Earth wrote that Plaguers is a "scifi horror film that wants to be Alien but comes off feeling like another in a long line of Alien 'homages'."

In its review of the film, DVD Talk said there "are a lot of problems with Plaguers, though it does have some merit", offering that there were "occasional scattered moments of actual tension, and a few effective jump scares", and that "makeup effects are for the most part lots of fun..."

DVD Verdict said, "Plaguers is a 'so bad it's bad' film that explores the space zombie territory with little regard for common sense or science fiction", concluding that the film "doesn't qualify for camp or cult classic, it's just flat out terrible and would be embarrassing for even a public access channel to put on their schedule."

Awards and nomination

Wins
 Four awards at ShockerFest International Film Festival (2008):
 Larry Stanley "B-Movie" Award
 Best Actor (Steve Railsback)
 Honorable Mention as Best Actress (Alexis Zibolis)
 Science Fiction Genre Award – Honorable Mention as Best Picture – Feature
 Silver Unicorn for Best Screenplay at Estepona Fantasy and Horror International Film Festival, Spain (2008)
 Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film at Mid-Ohio-Con Indie Film Festival (2008)

Nominations
 Two nominations at Mail Order Zombie's Dead Letter Awards (2009):
 Best Special Effects
 Best One-Liner ("There's only one captain on this ship, and today it ain't you.")

References

External links

2000s science fiction horror films
2008 films
American science fiction horror films
2000s English-language films
Films directed by Brad Sykes
2000s American films

Plaguers


Erik Jon Spoelstra ( ; born November 1, 1970), nicknamed "Coach Spo", is an Filipino-American professional basketball coach who is the head coach for the Miami Heat of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Spoelstra is widely regarded as one of the best coaches in the league and one of the greatest of all time. He has won two NBA championships as the head coach of the Heat. A Filipino American, Spoelstra is the first Asian American head coach in the history of the four major North American sports leagues and the first Asian American head coach to win an NBA title.

Spoelstra played college basketball with the Portland Pilots before playing professionally and coaching in Germany. He served as assistant coach and director of scouting for the Heat from 2001 to 2008, during which time the team won the 2006 NBA Finals. He was promoted to head coach in the 2008–09 season. The Heat have made six NBA Finals appearances during Spoelstra's tenure, winning the championship in 2012 and 2013.

Early life and education
Spoelstra was born in Evanston, Illinois, to Jon Spoelstra and Elisa Celino. Jon, an American of Dutch and Irish descent, is a former NBA executive of the Buffalo Braves, Portland Trail Blazers, Denver Nuggets, and New Jersey Nets. Elisa is a native of San Pablo, Laguna, Philippines. Spoelstra is also the grandson of Watson Spoelstra, a long-time sportswriter for The Detroit News.

Erik Spoelstra spent his childhood in Buffalo, New York, before moving to Portland, Oregon by the late 1970s. He attended Raleigh Hills Elementary and Whitford Jr. High School in Portland, before attending Jesuit High School in Beaverton, Oregon, where he excelled at point guard on the basketball team. He wore number 30 during high school and college in honor of then-Trail Blazer Terry Porter, one of his favorite NBA players. Before his senior year, Spoelstra participated in Sonny Vaccaro's Nike All-Star camp in Princeton, New Jersey, alongside future NBA players Alonzo Mourning, Shawn Kemp, Billy Owens, and Bobby Hurley.

College career
Spoelstra received basketball scholarship offers, and eventually accepted one from the University of Portland in his hometown. In 1989, he was named West Coast Conference (WCC) freshman of the year. Spoelstra was the Pilots' starting point guard for four years, averaging 9.2 points, 4.4 assists, and 2.4 rebounds per game. He is a member of the school's 1,000-point club, and is among the Pilots' career leaders in several statistical categories. During a 1990 WCC basketball tournament game against Loyola Marymount, Spoelstra was on the court standing just a couple of yards away from Hank Gathers when Gathers collapsed and died of a heart condition. Spoelstra graduated from the University of Portland in 1992 with a degree in communications.

Professional career

TuS Herten (1993–1995)
After college, Spoelstra initially boxed shoes at a Nike warehouse. He had orginally planned to play basketball in the Philippines; he had watched their games on VHS tape for years. However, the paperwork to play in the country got delayed. He instead went to Germany, spending two years (1993–1995) in Basketball Bundesliga's second division as a player–assistant coach for TuS Herten, a professional club based in Westphalia. It was in this setting where Spoelstra got his first coaching job, as coach of the club's local youth team. He began having back problems after the end of his second year with the team, and contemplated having surgery. In 1995, Spoelstra was offered another two-year contract with the club, but the NBA's Miami Heat also offered him a position. Although both offers held appeal, he chose to take the Heat position.

Coaching career

Miami Heat (1995–present)

Assistant coach (1997–2008)
Chris Wallace, then the director of player personnel for the Heat, convinced then general manager Dave Wohl to offer Spoelstra a position with the team. Spoelstra was hired as the Heat's video coordinator in 1995, although at first he was not promised the position past the summer of that year. Pat Riley was named the Heat's head coach not long after Spoelstra's hiring. Erik's father, Jon Spoelstra, said, "Contractually, Riley wasn't allowed to bring in his video guy, otherwise, Erik would have been out of a job right then."

After two years as video coordinator, he then served two years as an assistant coach/video coordinator. Spoelstra was promoted to assistant coach/advance scout in 1999, and later became the Heat's assistant coach/director of scouting in 2001. Many of Spoelstra's colleagues attribute his ascent in the Heat coaching ranks to his strong work ethic. As an assistant coach, he was credited for improving Heat star shooting guard Dwyane Wade's balance and jump shot after Wade's return from the 2004 Summer Olympics. Spoelstra won his first NBA championship as an assistant coach when the Miami Heat defeated the Dallas Mavericks in the 2006 NBA Finals.

Head coach promotion and struggles (2008–2011)

In April 2008, Spoelstra became the head coach of the Miami Heat after Pat Riley's decision to step down. Spoelstra was Riley's hand-picked successor. In naming Spoelstra as head coach, Riley said: "This game is now about younger coaches who are technologically skilled, innovative, and bring fresh new ideas. That's what we feel we are getting with Erik Spoelstra. He's a man that was born to coach." Spoelstra became the first Asian American head coach in the NBA, and the first Asian American head coach in the history of the four major North American sports leagues. He led the Heat to the NBA Playoffs in his first year as head coach, despite the team's league worst record of 15-67 the previous season. The Heat, however, were defeated in seven games by the Atlanta Hawks in the first round. Spoelstra's team once again reached the postseason the following season, but again lost in the first round to the Boston Celtics in five games.

Expectations of the team's success were raised significantly for the next season and beyond, after the free agent acquisitions of LeBron James and Chris Bosh in the summer of 2010. After the team started off the 2010–11 season with a 9–8 record, some Heat players reportedly were "frustrated" with Spoelstra, and questioned if he should remain their head coach. Chris Bosh intimated that the team was being worked too hard and that the players would rather "chill". LeBron James famously bumped into Spoelstra on his way to the bench during a timeout in a game. These two issues, coupled with the relatively poor start to the season, put Spoelstra on the coaching hot seat. The team bounced back, however, and made the playoffs while posting the second-best record in the Eastern Conference. Spoelstra led the Heat to an appearance in the 2011 NBA Finals, but lost to the Dallas Mavericks in six games. After Spoelstra failed to win a championship during his first season as head coach of the "big three" (James, Wade and Bosh), Heat executive Pat Riley was asked if he would consider returning to coach the team. Riley, however, turned down the idea and supported Spoelstra as the head coach going forward. Spoelstra received a $6 million contract extension in December 2011 which lasted through the 2013–14 NBA season.

Back-to-back championship run (2011–2013)

The following season, Spoelstra again guided the team to the postseason as the two seed. The Heat overcame a 2–1 game deficit against the Indiana Pacers in the Eastern Conference semi-finals, and a 3–2 game deficit against the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Conference finals to reach the 2012 NBA Finals despite an injury to starter Chris Bosh that forced him to miss nine straight games. Spoelstra's Heat defeated the Oklahoma City Thunder in five games to win the NBA championship. He became the first Asian American head coach to win an NBA championship, and the second Heat head coach to win the title. He also became the only Miami Heat head coach to take the team to the NBA Finals multiple times.

During the 2012–13 season, Spoelstra was selected as head coach of the 2013 Eastern Conference All-Stars in the 2013 NBA All-Star Game, with the Heat holding the best record in the Eastern Conference at the time of selection. He later coached the Heat to a 27-game winning streak (third longest in NBA history). It started with a 100–85 win over the Toronto Raptors on February 3, 2013, and ended with a 97–101 loss to the Chicago Bulls on March 27, 2013. The team made the playoffs as the one seed while posting the best overall NBA regular season record. After sweeping the Milwaukee Bucks in the first round, the Heat won a seven-game series with the Indiana Pacers in the Eastern Conference finals, and advanced to face the San Antonio Spurs in the 2013 NBA Finals. The Heat defeated the Spurs in seven games and became the first team to win two straight titles since the Los Angeles Lakers in 2009 and 2010. Spoelstra also became the eighth coach to lead his team to two straight championships.

Later years (2013–present)
On September 29, 2013, the Heat extended Spoelstra's contract to an undisclosed multi-year deal. Details were not released, but Spoelstra was expected to receive a pay raise and a bigger role in the front office. Spoelstra led the Heat to the 2014 NBA Finals, becoming the third coach to lead his team to four straight Finals. The Heat faced the San Antonio Spurs once again, only this time losing the series in five games.

On December 16, 2017, Spoelstra got his 455th win as the head coach of the Heat and passed Riley for most wins in franchise history, when they defeated the Los Angeles Clippers 90–85. Topping off the 2016–17 season, Spoelstra was named the NBCA Co-Coach of the Year after leading the Heat to a 30 win record in the final 41 games of the season.

During the 2019–20 season, Spoelstra coached the Heat to the 2020 NBA Finals before falling 4–2 to the Los Angeles Lakers.

On April 28, 2021, Spoelstra earned his 600th win as the Heat's head coach, and also became the sixth head coach in NBA history to win 600 games with one team.

On February 6, 2022, Spoelstra was named as the Eastern Conference head coach for the 2022 NBA All-Star Game.

On March 13, 2023, Spoelstra won his 697th game, which ranks him 20th on the all-time wins list among NBA head coaches. He surpassed Red Holzman and currently sits behind John MacLeod on the list.

During the 2022–23 season, Spoelstra coached the Heat to the 2023 NBA Finals, his sixth appearance as head coach, but lost the series to the Denver Nuggets in five games.

Personal life
On September 17, 2015, Spoelstra announced his engagement to former Miami Heat dancer, Nikki Sapp. They married on July 22, 2016, and have two sons and one daughter together.

Head coaching record

|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||43||39||.524|| style="text-align:center;"|3rd in Southeast||7||3||4||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in First round
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||47||35||.573|| style="text-align:center;"|3rd in Southeast||5||1||4||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in First round
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||58||24||.707|| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||21||14||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in NBA Finals
|- ! style="background:#FDE910;"
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 66||46||20||.697|| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||23||16||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Won NBA Championship
|- ! style="background:#FDE910;"
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||66||16|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||23||16||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Won NBA Championship
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||54||28|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||20||13||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in NBA Finals
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||37||45|||| style="text-align:center;"|3rd in Southeast|||—||—||—||—
| style="text-align:center;"|Missed playoffs
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||48||34|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||14||7||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in Conference semifinals
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||41||41|||| style="text-align:center;"|3rd in Southeast|||—||—||—||—
| style="text-align:center;"|Missed playoffs
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||44||38|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||5||1||4||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in First round
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||39||43|||| style="text-align:center;"|3rd in Southeast|||—||—||—||—
| style="text-align:center;"|Missed playoffs
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 73||44||29|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast|||21||14||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in NBA Finals
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 72||40||32|||| style="text-align:center;"|2nd in Southeast||4||0||4||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in First round
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||53||29|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||18||11||7||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in Conference finals
|-
| style="text-align:left;"|Miami
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 82||44||38|||| style="text-align:center;"|1st in Southeast||23||13||10||
| style="text-align:center;"|Lost in NBA Finals
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" |Career
| 1,195||704||491|||| ||184||109||75||||

See also

References

External links

Rafe Bartholomew, "Spoelstra in the Philippines", Grantland.com, September 28, 2011.
Kevin Arnovitz, "The book on Erik Spoelstra", ESPN.com, May 30, 2012.

1970 births
Living people
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American men's basketball coaches
American men's basketball players
American people of Dutch descent
American people of Irish descent
American sportspeople of Filipino descent
Basketball coaches from Illinois
Basketball coaches from New York (state)
Basketball coaches from Oregon
Basketball players from Illinois
Basketball players from Buffalo, New York
Basketball players from Portland, Oregon
Filipino men's basketball players
Jesuit High School (Beaverton, Oregon) alumni
Miami Heat assistant coaches
Miami Heat head coaches
National Basketball Association championship-winning head coaches
Point guards
Portland Pilots men's basketball players
Sportspeople from Buffalo, New York
Sportspeople from Evanston, Illinois
Sportspeople from Portland, Oregon

Erik Spoelstra


Helga Konrad (born 10 January 1948) is an Austrian politician.

Biography

Konrad was born and grew up in Graz. She studied English and Romance philology at the University of Graz and in Paris, completing a doctorate in 1975. She worked for the Chamber for Workers and Employees and later the .

She is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ), and in 1987 became a city councillor in Graz. She was elected to the National Council in the 1990 Austrian legislative election. Konrad briefly returned to local politics in Graz in 1993 until she succeeded Johanna Dohnal as Federal Minister for Women's Affairs in April 1995 on the government of Franz Vranitzky, remaining in office until the chancellor's resignation in 1997.

Konrad's most impactful project was a campaign to promote equal participation in household chores between genders. In 1999 Konrad received the Grand Decoration of Honour in Silver with Star for Services to the Republic of Austria.

Konrad is considered an expert on combating human trafficking. From 2000 until 2004 she led a Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe task force against human trafficking, and in 2004 was appointed as the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe's special representative for the issue.

References

External links

1948 births
Living people
Politicians from Graz
Government ministers of Austria
Women government ministers of Austria
Members of the National Council (Austria)
Recipients of the Grand Decoration with Star for Services to the Republic of Austria
Social Democratic Party of Austria politicians

Helga Konrad


Konstantinos Tsaldaris (; 14 April 1884 – 15 November 1970) was a Greek politician and twice Prime Minister of Greece.

Tsaldaris was born in Alexandria, Egypt. He studied law at the University of Athens as well as Berlin, London and Florence. He became a prefectural politician from 1915 to 1917.

In 1926, he was elected as a deputy for the first time in the Argolidocorinthia prefecture (now split into Argolis and Corinthia) with the Freethinkers' Party of Ioannis Metaxas. In 1928, he became a member of the People's Party, the leader of which was his uncle Panagis Tsaldaris. He entered Panagis Tsaldaris' second government as Vice Minister of Transportation from 1933 to 1935, and continued as Under-Secretary to the Prime Minister. After the death of Panagis Tsaldaris in 1936, he became a member of the administrative commission of the People's Party, which was however soon dissolved under the dictatorship of Metaxas.

After Liberation in 1944, he was recognized as the leader of the reborn People's Party, and won in the controversial 1946 elections as leader of the right-wing "United Patriotic Party" coalition and became prime minister of Greece from April 1946 through January 1947. His government carried out the plebiscite on the return of the monarchy in August 1946.

During 1947-1949 he acted as the head of the Greek representation in the UN General Assembly. He was Deputy Prime Minister during the governments of Dimitrios Maximos (1947), Themistoklis Sophoulis (1947–1949) and Alexandros Diomidis (1949–1950). He once again became prime minister from August 1947 until September of the same year.

With the foundation and rise to power of the Greek Rally of Marshal Alexandros Papagos, the People's party lost a large part of its electoral base and Tsaldaris did not win in the 1952 election. He was voted into Parliament with the Liberal Democratic Union, in the 1956 elections, but in the 1958 elections, as head of the Union of Populars, he failed to be elected. Shortly afterwards he ended his political career. He died in Athens in 1970.

References

External links

1884 births
1970 deaths
Politicians from Alexandria
Egyptian people of Greek descent
Egyptian emigrants to Greece
Freethinkers' Party politicians
People's Party (Greece) politicians
United Alignment of Nationalists politicians
Liberal Democratic Union (Greece) politicians
Prime Ministers of Greece
Finance ministers of Greece
Government ministers of Greece
Greek MPs 1926–1928
Greek MPs 1935–1936
Greek MPs 1946–1950
Greek MPs 1950–1951
Greek MPs 1951–1952
Greek MPs 1956–1958
Governors-General of Crete
20th-century prime ministers of Greece
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens alumni

Konstantinos Tsaldaris


The XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) is an Object Management Group (OMG) standard for exchanging metadata information via Extensible Markup Language (XML).

It can be used for any metadata whose metamodel can be expressed in Meta-Object Facility (MOF), a platform-independent model (PIM).

The most common use of XMI is as an interchange format for UML models, although it can also be used for serialization of models of other languages (metamodels).

Overview
In the OMG vision of modeling, data is split into abstract models and concrete models. The abstract models represent the semantic information, whereas the concrete models represent visual diagrams. Abstract models are instances of arbitrary MOF-based modeling languages such as UML or SysML. For diagrams, the Diagram Interchange (DI, XMI[DI]) standard is used. There are currently several incompatibilities between different modeling tool vendor implementations of XMI, even between interchange of abstract model data. The usage of Diagram Interchange is almost nonexistent. This means exchanging files between UML modeling tools using XMI is rarely possible.

One purpose of XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) is to enable easy interchange of metadata between UML-based modeling tools and MOF-based metadata repositories in distributed heterogeneous environments.  XMI is also commonly used as the medium by which models are passed from modeling tools to software generation tools as part of model-driven engineering.

Examples of XMI, and lists of the XML tags that make up XMI-formatted files, are available in the version 2.5.1 specification document.

Integration of industry standards
XMI integrates 4 industry standards:
 XML – Extensible Markup Language, a W3C standard.
 UML – Unified Modeling Language, an OMG modeling standard.
 MOF – Meta Object Facility, an OMG language for specifying metamodels.
 MOF – Mapping to XMI

The integration of these 4 standards into XMI allows tool developers of distributed systems to share object models and other metadata.

Several versions of XMI have been created: 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1, 2.1.1, 2.4, 2.4.1, 2.4.2. and 2 5.1. The 2.x versions are radically different from the 1.x series.

The Diagram Definition OMG project is another alternative for metadata interchange, which can also express the layout and graphical representation.

XMI is an international standard:
XMI 2.4.2
ISO/IEC 19509:2014 Information technology — XML Metadata Interchange (XMI)
XMI 2.0
ISO/IEC 19503:2005 Information technology — XML Metadata Interchange (XMI)

See also
 Common Warehouse Metamodel
 Web Ontology Language
 Generic Modeling Environment (GME)
 Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF)
 Domain Specific Language (DSL)
 Domain-specific modelling (DSM)
 Meta-modeling
 Meta-Object Facility (MOF)

References

External links
 OMG XMI Specification

XML-based standards
Unified Modeling Language
Systems Modeling Language
ISO standards

XML Metadata Interchange


Ilsa is a 1946 novel by Madeleine L'Engle. Its significance lies largely in its rarity, the book having been out of print for nearly sixty years. It was the author's second novel, published a year after The Small Rain.

Bibliographical data
Ilsa (New York: The Vanguard Press, 1946, 416 pp.) was published simultaneously in Canada by Copp Clark, Ltd. No catalog number of any sort is given. The dust jacket portrait of Ilsa is signed by "leslie." The original cover price was $2.75.

Plot summary

The title character, Ilsa Brandes, initially lives with her naturalist father, Dr. John Brandes, in a house on a beach, outside a fictional town in the American Deep South. 13-year-old Ilsa is a vibrant, outgoing, seemingly carefree person. She immediately captivates the book's narrator, Henry Randolph Porcher, who is ten years old as the book opens. Henry's mother hates Ilsa and Dr. Brandes, even to the point of refusing their help when her home is on fire. After the fire, Henry and his family go to stay with relatives in Charleston, where Henry gets his first hints about the family scandals that explain his mother's attitude. The circumstances of Ilsa's birth are the subject of controversy, both locally and in Charleston.

After the death of her father, Ilsa goes to live with Henry's cousin, Anna Silverton. Henry's mother dies soon after this. Henry finally sees Ilsa again, and renews his friendship with her. Unfortunately for Henry, Ilsa later marries Monty Woolf, another cousin of Henry's. Despite his continuing love for Ilsa, Henry does little to further a romance with her, even after Monty's death. Nevertheless, he keeps returning to her side over the years. Ilsa and Henry experience numerous personal setbacks - including Ilsa's blindness and Henry's failure as a musician - and few if any triumphs.

Crossover characters
The character Virginia Bowen Porcher in L'Engle's 1984 novel A House Like a Lotus is said to be married to Henri Porcher, a French, mentally ill person whose American grandfather "late in life married a distant cousin in Paris." The Renier family, prominent in The Other Side of the Sun (1971), Dragons in the Waters (1976, ), and A House Like a Lotus (1984, ), also appears in Ilsa.

History and collectibility
Unlike virtually all of L'Engle's other novels, Ilsa was never republished or reprinted for years. Although no official explanation has ever been given, the book's continued unavailability appeared to stem from the author's own reported dissatisfaction with the book. As an early work, Ilsa lacks the positive themes of family, love, faith, and overcoming adversity that are so prevalent in L'Engle's later novels. The plot may also be considered somewhat unsatisfactory, with more happening to the characters than being done by them. Although this was probably a deliberate choice by the author at the time, the result is an unconventional, somewhat disturbing book.

Nevertheless, this is one of the most sought-after titles for serious collectors of Madeleine L'Engle's work. An April, 2006 survey of copies offered online showed asking prices ranging from $249.50 to $900.00, the latter for a signed copy.

After many years out-of-print, Ilsa was republished on May 15, 2018.

References

Flying Dreams L'Engle page, with a synopsis of the book
Chase, Carole F. Suncatcher: A Study of Madeleine L'Engle and Her Writing,

External links
 L'Engle's Official Site

1946 American novels
Novels by Madeleine L'Engle
Novels set in South Carolina
Vanguard Press books

Ilsa (novel)


A muntjac is any small deer that genus Muntiacus.
Muntjacs may be the oldest known deer, appearing 15-35 million years ago, with remains found in Miocene deposits in France and Germany.

This genus is native to Southeast Asia and can be found in India and Sri Lanka to southern China, Taiwan, Japan and Indonesian islands.

Two species were originally recognised:  the barking deer is Muntiacus vaginalis and  Reeves's muntjac is Muntiacus reevesi. More recently, ten more species have been recognised, all from Asia.

Deer
Mammals of Asia

Muntjac


Oleg Nikolayevich Logvin (; born 23 May 1959) is a retired Soviet cyclist who specialized in road racing. He was part of the Soviet team that won the time trial event at the 1980 Summer Olympics. He also won a silver and a bronze medal in the team time trial at the 1981 and 1982 UCI Road World Championships.

In 1980 he won two stages and the overall competition at the Olympia's Tour. Two years later he finished second in the Milk Race, winning two stages in the process. He retired in 1986 to pursue a career in criminal law, but reconsidered and resumed training in 1987. Next year he finished third in the national championships, but was not selected for the Olympic team. He proceeded to compete for the first Soviet professional cycling team Alfa Lum, and later for Portuguese clubs, winning races at the Circuito de Alenquer in 1991 and in Porto in 1992.

References

1959 births
Living people
Belarusian male cyclists
Soviet male cyclists
Olympic cyclists for the Soviet Union
Cyclists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Olympic medalists in cycling
Olympic gold medalists for the Soviet Union
Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics
Cyclists from Minsk

Oleg Logvin


RTP Informação is the department of the Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, a Portuguese public broadcaster, responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs. Originally two separate news departments of Radiodifusão Portuguesa, the radio broadcaster, and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa, the television broadcaster, respectively, those were merged in 2004, becoming a part of the then-newly merged Rádio e Televisão de Portugal. On 19 September 2011, the department began emphasizing themselves, with the newly rebranded television channel of the same name and adding their name in the intro sequence of their newscasts on RTP1.

External links

Broadcasting in Portugal
Rádio e Televisão de Portugal

RTP Informação


Filippo Diversi, in Latin Philippus de Diversis de Quartigianis (fl. 1434–1444), was a Luccan scholar and writer. His life is known mostly from his own writings, the most important of which is his Descriptio of the city of Dubrovnik (Ragusa).

Filippo was born in Lucca in imperial Italy in the 1390s to Giovanni of the Quartigiani family. With the fall of the Republic of Lucca and the rise of Paolo Guinigi, his family was forced into exile. They went to Venice, where there was a large community of expatriate Luccans supported by organs like the Scuola dei Santo Volto. According to an appeal he lodged on 8 December 1444, his grandfather Nicolò and his great-grandfather Giovanni had also suffered exile for the sake of Luccan liberty.

In 1434, Filippo was invited by the Republic of Ragusa to teach grammar. He took up his post in the Sponza Palace, but he did not receive the promised remuneration. In Ragusa he wrote his most famous work, Situs aedificiorum, politiae et laudabilium consuetudinum inclytae civitatis Ragusii ad ipsius Senatum descriptio, a description of the city in fifty chapters dedicated to the senate, which probably commissioned it. He describes the city's geography and climate in Part I, architecture in Part II, church and constitution in Part III and customs in Part IV. He completely ignores the city's history.

Filippo was still in Ragusa in 1440 and thereafter his movements are hard to trace. Although elected on 22 October 1441 to a teaching position in Lucca, he does not seem to have taken it up. He would have taught grammar, rhetoric and moral philosophy for 100 florins. It is uncertain, therefore, if he ever returned to Lucca. He was in Venice when he lodged his appeal ad Lucenses ("to the Luccans") in 1444.

Besides his Descriptio of Ragusa, three speeches by Filippo have survived. Like the Descriptio they are rather flat and far from the tendencies and lexicon of the new humanism:
Pro funere Serenissimi olim Romanorum Imperatoris semper Augusti ac Regis Illustrissimi Regnorum Unghariae et Bohemiae Sigismundi (eulogy of Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, delivered 20 January 1438)
In laudem Serenissimi Unghariae et Bohemiae Regis electi, et coronati, ac Ducis Austriae inclyti, et Moraniae Marchionis Domini Alberti oratio (congratulations on Duke Albert of Austria's election and coronation as king of Hungary and Bohemia, delivered 26 February 1438)
Pro morte Illustrissimi Regis Alberti Romanorum et Unghariae et Bohemiae et Ducis Austriae defuncti (eulogy of Albert, who died 27 October 1439)

References

1390s births
Writers from Lucca
15th-century writers in Latin
Republic of Ragusa

Filippo Diversi