John Sterling (born July 4, 1938; né Sloss) is an American sportscaster, best known as the radio play-by-play announcer of Major League Baseball's New York Yankees. Sterling called 5,060 consecutive Yankees games, beginning in 1989, before taking a four-game break in July 2019.

Early life
Sterling was born John Sloss and grew up on Manhattan's Upper East Side, in the East 80s. He was the son of advertising executive Carl H. T. Sloss. He briefly attended Moravian College, Boston University, and the Columbia University School of General Studies before leaving school to begin his career in radio at a small station in Wellsville, New York.

Broadcasting career

Early career
He changed his name to Sterling and began his broadcasting career in Baltimore, where he served as the play-by-play announcer for the then-Baltimore Bullets for the 1970–71 NBA season. He also did play-by-play for Morgan State University football, a role that he held from 1971 to 1978.

Sterling came to New York broadcasting as a talk show host with WMCA in 1971. He later served as the radio voice for the WHA's New York Raiders, the WFL's New York Stars, the NHL's New York Islanders (where he was paired with Bob Lawrence), and the ABA/NBA's New York/New Jersey Nets (where he was paired mainly with Mike DeTomasso). Sterling also did a stretch with the Yankees as pre-game host on WMCA and WINS radio, as well as co-host on cable segments with Mel Allen.

From 1975 through 1980, Sterling announced Nets and Islanders games for WMCA, WVNJ, WOR-TV, and SportsChannel New York, continuing his WMCA talk program until 1978. After his initial stint in New York, Sterling spent nine years in Atlanta hosting a sports call-in show on WSB radio and covering the Braves (1982–1987) and Hawks (1981–1989) for Turner Sports.

New York Yankees (1989–present)
In 1989, Sterling returned to New York to broadcast the games for the Yankees on WABC radio. He has been with the Yankees ever since, currently calling games on WFAN radio and its affiliates in the New York Yankees Radio Network. Since 2005, he has been paired with Suzyn Waldman; past announcing partners include: Jay Johnstone (1989–1990), Joe Angel (1991), Michael Kay (1992–2001), and Charley Steiner (2002–2004). In 2013, the Yankees announced a move to WFAN for ten years, and Sterling was retained. He is currently under contract through the 2023 season.

On October 18, 2021, Sterling signed a new contract with WFAN for 2022 with the potential for a reduced schedule. On June 6, 2022, Sterling announced that he would start working on a reduced schedule in the second half of the MLB season, primarily taking time off from traveling to road games outside of the northeastern United States. He will continue to do road trips to Fenway Park, Citi Field, and Oriole Park at Camden Yards.

On September 20, 2018, as part of a promotion called "Rivalry in the Booth", Sterling and Red Sox radio broadcaster Joe Castiglione switched places in the fourth inning. From June 29-30, 2019, Sterling called the first MLB games played in Europe.

Sterling took his first days off since 1989 from July 4, 2019, until July 7, 2019.

Sterling's association with the Yankees is not limited to announcing live games over the radio. He is also host of the YES Network's Yankeeography series, which produces biographies of New York Yankees. Among several nominations, Sterling has received two Emmy Awards for the series. He also hosts the introductions and recaps for Yankees Classics. In addition, Sterling has a nightly commentary feature on WCBS newscasts called "Sterling on Sports", in which he gives his take on a recent sporting event or sports news item. This commentary airs nightly during the 6:15 pm sports report.

Sterling and former broadcasting partner Michael Kay commonly work together representing the Yankees. They announce the annual Yankees' Old-Timers' Day. They have presided at the "Key to the City" ceremonies following Yankee World Series victories in 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000 and 2009. The pair often serve as masters of ceremonies on and off the field for major Yankee events, including the 2000 ticker-tape parade held in the Yankees' honor after their World Series win. Sterling has emceed several Yankees pre-game ceremonies including the number retirements of Jorge Posada, Andy Pettitte, Bernie Williams, Joe Torre, Derek Jeter, Mariano Rivera's number retirement in 2013 and Monument Park induction (2016), and the 20th anniversary of the Yankees' 1996 World Series victory in 2016. His long association with the Yankees has earned him the nickname "Pa Pinstripe" from New York Daily News writer Bob Raissman.

In 2022, Sterling reduced his workload by calling fewer games on the road, saying that he was getting tired of making road trips.

Other work
From 2013 through 2017 Sterling announced the Kitten Bowl on the Hallmark Channel.

On December 16, 2018, Sterling called the Brooklyn NetsAtlanta Hawks game on the YES Network.

Announcing mannerisms

Sterling has several idiosyncrasies that mark his broadcasts as distinctive, very unusual, if also divisive. In addition to a colorful vocal personality, Sterling has distinguished himself for sometimes characterizing plays differently than they may appear and for his announcing errors, habits that spark high feelings in fans and lead to comparisons with announcers like Phil Rizzuto.

Following the final out of a Yankees victory, Sterling calls "Ballgame over! Yankees win! Theeeeeee Yankees win!" The length of the word "the" is held longer after dramatic victories, as well as after victories resulting in championships (which Sterling also punctuates by saying the name of whichever series is over). It has been played over the public address system at Yankee Stadium after every Yankees victory for the past several seasons, right before Frank Sinatra's cover of "Theme from New York, New York" is played. The phrase evolved from Sterling's call of Mel Hall's game-winning three-run homer in the ninth inning on May 27, 1991, to give the Yankees a dramatic Memorial Day win over the Boston Red Sox.

One of his signature radio remarks is his home run call "It is high, it is far, it is gone!"  Sterling is known for devising a personalized home run catchphrase for every Yankee player.

For back to back home runs, especially homers from opposite sides of the plate, Sterling references Harry Belafonte's "Zombie Jamboree" by saying "it's a back to back! ... and a belly to belly!" In addition, sometimes before a pitch he will say "theeeeeee pitch", lengthening the word the. If a batter swings and misses, Sterling will often say "cuuuuut on-and-missed", elongating the word cut, followed by on-n-miss pronounced as one quick word. After a strikeout swinging, he says "STRUCK HIM OUT SWINGING!", and for a strikeout looking he calls "STRIIIIKE THREE!", elongating the 'I' in strike.

In all cases when Sterling emphasizes the word "the", as is one of his signatures, he uses not the long ē ("thee") but the schwa ə ("thuh").

Criticism
Sterling's style of play calling is heavily criticized in the media. He is regularly criticized by Craig Carton and Phil Mushnick for his inaccurate calls. Jim Norton of The Opie and Anthony Show routinely mocked Sterling's player nicknames and his emphasis on the "mmm" sound before saying "mmm-it is high, mmm-it is far. ..."

Personal life
Sterling is a resident of Edgewater, New Jersey. He had previously resided in Teaneck, New Jersey. He was divorced in 2008 after 12 years of marriage to wife, Jennifer and is the father of four, including a set of triplets, born in 2000. In January 2015, he was among hundreds of displaced residents after a fire destroyed the Avalon at Edgewater complex building.

In August 2020, Sterling was hospitalized for a blood infection.

On September 1, 2021, after calling a Yankees game remotely from Yankee Stadium, Sterling was stranded in his car about a mile from his home in Edgewater by flooding following Hurricane Ida. Spanish-language Yankees broadcaster Rickie Ricardo, also an Edgewater resident, was driving his Jeep Cherokee home and rescued Sterling.

On June 10, 2023, while broadcasting a game against the Boston Red Sox at Yankee Stadium, Sterling was hit in the head by a foul ball off the bat of Justin Turner. He continued broadcasting and returned to the booth the following night.

References

External links

 New York Yankees biography
 Blog dedicated to Sterling

1938 births
Living people
American Basketball Association announcers
American radio sports announcers
Atlanta Braves announcers
Atlanta Hawks announcers
Atlanta Falcons announcers
Boston University alumni
College football announcers
Columbia University School of General Studies alumni
Major League Baseball broadcasters
Moravian University alumni
National Football League announcers
National Hockey League broadcasters
National Basketball Association broadcasters
New York Islanders announcers
New York Nets announcers
New York Yankees announcers
People from Edgewater, New Jersey
People from Teaneck, New Jersey
People from the Upper East Side
People from Wellsville, New York
Sportspeople from New York City
WFAN people
World Football League announcers
YES Network
World Hockey Association broadcasters

John Sterling (sportscaster)


Wilhelm Adolf Baehrens (3 September 1885 – 23 January 1929) was a German classical scholar.

The son of professor Emil Baehrens (1848–1888), Wilhelm Baehrens was born in Groningen. After visiting the local gymnasium he stepped in his early deceased father's footsteps by studying philology and papyrology at the University of Groningen. He also stayed few semesters at Halle, Göttingen and Berlin. In 1910 Baehrens received his doctor's degree at Groningen with his dissertation Panegyricorum latinorum editionis novae praefatio maior accedit Plinii panegyricus. For two years he acted as assistant schoolmaster at the Groningen gymnasium, until in 1912 he published his Beiträge zur lateinischen Syntax. In 1913 the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities entrusted him with the publication of the Latin homilies by Origen. The next three years Baehrens travelled to Italy, France and Germany collating manuscripts. The University of Groningen therefore awarded him venia legendi in 1915 and in 1916 Baehrens was appointed ordinary professor at the University of Ghent by the German occupation government in Belgium.

After the loss of Germany in World War I and the termination of the German occupation of Belgium, Baehrens was expelled from Ghent as a collaborator in 1919. Because of the Halle professor Georg Wissowa, he habilitated there in May 1919 and was appointed professor-extraordinary in 1920. In 1922 he was appointed ordinary professor at the University of Göttingen, where he worked until his death in 1929. His edition of the works of Origen was published from 1920 to 1925; another edition of Fulgentius' works was not completed.

External links
Biography (Catalogus Professorum Halensis)
Sprachlicher Kommentar zur vulgärlateinischen Appendix Probi

1885 births
1929 deaths
German classical scholars
Dutch classical scholars
University of Groningen alumni

Academic staff of Ghent University
Academic staff of the University of Halle
Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
People from Groningen (city)

Wilhelm Baehrens


The Akan  people mostly live in  Ghana and in parts of Ivory Coast and Togo in West Africa. They speak the  Akan language (also known as Twi/Fante). Subgroups of the Akan people include: the Agona, Akuapem, Akwamu, Akyem, Ashanti, Bono, Fante, Kwahu, Wassa, and Ahanta. The Akan subgroups all have a lot in common; most notably tracing  matrilineal descent in the inheritance of property, and for succession to high political office.

References

Ethnic groups in Ghana

Akan people


Essays: Second Series is a series of essays written by Ralph Waldo Emerson in 1844, concerning transcendentalism.  It is the second volume of Emerson's Essays, the first being Essays: First Series. This book contains:

"The Poet"
"Experience"
"Character"
"Manners"
"Gifts"
"Nature"
"Politics"
"Nominalist and Realist"
"New England Reformers"

See also

Essays: First Series
Nature
New England Reformers

External links

Essay collections by Ralph Waldo Emerson
1844 books
1844 essays

Essays: Second Series


Ian Trigger (30 September 1938 – 6 January 2010) was a British actor of stage, film and television who had a successful career in the United States. A diminutive actor, Trigger's long career saw him working in the West End, on Broadway and across America. He first appeared in the United States with the Young Vic company following which he lived there for many years.

Early career
Ian J. Trigger was born in Plymouth in Devon in 1938 where he attended Devonport High School for Boys. He had early ambitions of following an acting career. After his death Trigger's twin brother Allan said: "When we were young, Ian would say, I want to be an actor – nothing else will do. Shakespeare was the love of his life and if he could have spent his entire career playing Shakespeare then that would have been total fulfilment for him."  He received a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in 1955 making him at that time the youngest student to have trained there. He eventually graduated from RADA in 1959 due to his training being interrupted by two years national service in the army, which he served in Scotland. On leaving RADA Trigger did repertory including Henry IV, Part 2 with the  Birmingham Repertory Theatre (1960), the Citizens Theatre in Glasgow, The Gateway in Edinburgh and the Bristol Old Vic. He then went to the newly formed Traverse Theatre before moving to the West End.

Film and television
His television roles included: the Jeweler in Fantastic Four (1994); Raguideau in Napoleon and Love (1974); Gnat in the TV film Alice Through the Looking-Glass (1973); Joseph's Brother in the TV version of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (1972); Gideon in It's Awfully Bad for Your Eyes, Darling (1971); Luko in Ace of Wands (1971); Eddie in Bright's Boffins (1971); Imaginary Man in Six Dates with Barker (1971); Wee Georgie in That's Your Funeral (1971); Dennis in Tales of Unease (1970);  in Ken Dodd & the Diddy Men (1969); Goblin in Knock Three Times (1968) with Hattie Jacques; Bobin in Ooh La La! (1968); various roles in The Stanley Baxter Show (1967); Hobgoblin in Kenilworth (1967); Greenwater in The Forsyte Saga (1967); Bank Teller in Beggar My Neighbour (1967); Nonesuch in The Corridor People (1966); Morris Todd in The Wednesday Play (1966); in Frankie Howerd (1966); Operator in Theatre 625 (1965); Opium in A Slight Case of... (1965); in Hugh and I (1965); in Going, Going, Gone! (1965); in The Critics (1965); Rev. Wadmore in The Big Noise (1964); in World of His Own (1964); R. Sammy in Story Parade (1964); Sandy McKinley in Dr. Finlay's Casebook (1964); Ship Tailor in Dixon of Dock Green (1964), and Attendant in The Dark Island (1962).

Film appearances include; Joe Hartford in All I Want Is You... and You... and You... (1974); Frog Footman in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1972); Lucky Charm Seller in Up the Chastity Belt (1972); Odius in Up Pompeii (1971); Clown in Countess Dracula (1971);  Wee Georgie in Winning the Ashes (1971); Dr Ponti in Pussycat, Pussycat, I Love You (1970); Nathaniel Winkle in Pickwick (1969); Popov's assistant in Diamonds for Breakfast (1968), and in Up Jumped a Swagman (1965).

Stage career
At the Traverse Theatre as part of the Edinburgh International Festival Trigger played comedy leads in such productions as Ubu Roi and Fairy Tales of New York before moving to London to appear as Humphrey in See How They Run (1964) at the Vaudeville Theatre in London. His other appearances include The Taming of the Shrew and Doctor Faustus at the Marlowe Theatre in Canterbury; Thomas in Molière's The Imaginary Invalid  at the Vaudeville Theatre (1968), and for which he was nominated for Best Actor of the Year in the London Critics' Awards; Piglet in Winnie-the-Pooh (1964); Ariel in The Tempest at the Oxford Playhouse (1969);  Nana/Smee in Peter Pan at the London Coliseum (1971); Balthazar/Dr Finch in The Comedy of Errors at the National Theatre and the Young Vic (1971); in Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (1972) with the Young Vic at the Roundhouse in London (and in 1973 at the Albery Theatre) with Gary Bond as  Joseph; in Richard Harris' Outside Edge at the Queen's Theatre (1979) in London with Julia McKenzie, Maureen Lipman and Julian Curry. On Broadway he played the Police Inspector in 13 Rue de l'Amour (1978); Sir Henry Shorter in Habeas Corpus (1976); Argante in Scapino (1974-1975) at the Ambassador Theatre, and appeared in Blondel at the Theatre Royal, Bath (1983).

Among the many young actors mentored by Trigger was the American Lenny Von Dohlen, who later was to appear in Twin Peaks; the two had first met in Oregon during a production of Loot by Joe Orton. Recalling that time, Von Dohlen said: "He was my theatrical father. The first real, working professional to believe in me out loud. He was my greatest influence. The news of his death was a huge shock, like a library burning down."

His hobbies included collecting 18th-century English theatre portrait figures and 19th-century Staffordshire pottery.

Ian Trigger died aged 71 in January 2010 in King's College Hospital in London after a long illness. He never married.

References

External links
Ian Trigger - Internet Movie Database
Photograph of Ian Trigger as Argante and Jim Dale as the title role in Scapino (1974) - Museum of the City of New York

1938 births
2010 deaths
Male actors from Plymouth, Devon
People educated at Devonport High School for Boys
Alumni of RADA
English emigrants to the United States
English male film actors
English male singers
English male musical theatre actors
English male stage actors
English male television actors
English male voice actors
British male comedy actors
English twins

Ian Trigger


Derek Coates Barber, Baron Barber of Tewkesbury (17 June 1918 – 21 November 2017) was a British member of the House of Lords. He also served as a senior civil servant and agricultural expert. He was born in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England.

He served as Chairman and later President of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; President of the Gloucestershire Naturalists' Society; President of the Royal Agricultural Society of England; President of the British Pig Association; and a Vice-President of the Nature in Art Trust. Barber was knighted in the 1984 Birthday Honours and was created a life peer as Baron Barber of Tewkesbury, of Gotherington in the County of Gloucestershire, on 12 August 1992.

Barber was a member of the House of Lords until his retirement on 25 March 2016. He died on 21 November 2017 at the age of 99.

References

1918 births
2017 deaths

United Kingdom Life Peers
Politicians from Gloucestershire

Derek Barber, Baron Barber of Tewkesbury


Chess notation is a method for writing down chess moves: after a player makes a move, both players write it down. This is compulsory in all organized chess events.

The system must have these elements: the move number, the piece moved, the square it starts from (optional), the square it goes to, and other relevant information such as captures, and castles.p275 There are other notations for recording positions.

There have been ways of describing moves from quite early on. Manuscripts with move descriptions are known in Arabic (9th century) and from Europe (13th century).p275 These early notations are usually quite cumbersome; "The pawn of the king forward two houses".p229; 469; 848 This kind of notation is called descriptive. In a descriptive notation each player describes squares from his own point of view, e.g. 1 P–K4 P–K4. A notation which uses labels for the ranks and files is called algebraic. In this notation a square has only one label, e.g. 1 e4 e5.

Algebraic notation

The moves of a chess game are written down by using a special notation.Article 8 and Appendix E Usually algebraic chess notation is used. In algebraic notation, each square has one and only one name (whether you are looking from White's side of the board or Black's). Here, moves are written in the format of: abbreviation of the piece moved – file where it moved – rank where it moved. For example, Qg5 means "queen moves to the g-file and 5th rank" (that is, to the square g5). If there are two pieces of the same type that can move to the same square, one more letter or number is added to show the file or rank from which the piece moved, e.g. Ngf3 means "knight from the g-file moves to the square f3". The letter P showing a pawn is not used, so that e4 means "pawn moves to the square e4".

If the piece makes a capture, "x" is written before the square in which the capturing piece lands on. Example: Bxf3 means "bishop captures on f3". When a pawn makes a capture, the file from which the Pawn left is used in place of a piece initial. For example: exd5 means "pawn captures on d5."

If a pawn moves to its eighth rank, getting a promotion, the piece chosen is written after the move, for example e1Q or e1=Q. Castling is written by the special notations 0–0 for kingside castling and 0–0–0 for queenside. A move which places the opponent's king in check normally has the notation "+" added. Checkmate can be written as # or ++. At the end of the game, 1–0 means "White won", 0–1 means "Black won" and ½-½ is a draw.

Chess moves can also be shown with punctuation marks and other annotation symbols. For example: ! means a good move, !! means a very good move, ? means a bad move, ?? a very bad move (sometimes called a blunder), !? a creative move that may be good, and ?! a doubtful move. For example, one kind of a simple "trap" known as the Scholar's mate, as in the diagram to the right, may be recorded in full notation:

1. e2-e4  e7-e5
2. Qd1-h5?!  Nb8-c6
3. Bf1-c4  Ng8-f6?? (3...Qe7 is better)
4. Qh5xf7#  1–0

Here is a famous short game in the more usual short notation:
Réti v Tartakower, Vienna 1910
e4 c6
d4 d5
Nc3 dxe4
Nxe4 Nf6
Qd3?! e5?!
dxe5 Qa5+
Bd2 Qxe5
0-0-0 Nxe4??
Qd8+!! Kxd8
Bg5+ Kc7
Bd8# 1–0

Figurine notation
 ;  ; ,; ,; ,

This is algebraic notation with little figurines instead of initial letters for the pieces. Figurine notation is used in print and computer chess. Since it avoids initial letters for pieces, it is more international.

Réti v Tartakower, Vienna 1910
e4 c6
d4 d5
c3 dxe4
xe4 f6
d3?! e5?!
dxe5 a5+
d2 xe5
0-0-0 xe4??
d8+!! xd8
g5+ c7
d8# 1–0

Notation for positions
In addition to the Forsyth notation, positions may be recorded in this simple fashion:
White: Kf2; Qe3; Rf6, Rf7; Ne2; pawns d4, e5, h3.
Black: Kc8; Qa2; Rf8, Rc7; Ba6; pawns d5, e6, f7, h4. White to play.

References

Chess
Notation

Chess notation


Robert Chukuma Iwuchukwu  (born August 1, 1983) is a former American football linebacker. He was originally signed by the New Orleans Saints in 2006. He played collegiately at Purdue.

High school career
Iwuchukwu was ranked the No. 94 overall in Southwest by Prep Football Report and was a two-year letterman at James Martin High School in Arlington, Texas. He was limited to five games as senior due to high ankle sprain.

Iwuchukwu also participated in track and field, was a National Merit Scholar, a two-year selection to Who's Who of America's High School Athletics, and recipient of UTA Summer Science Institute Award for Excellence in Physics.

College career

2002
After being redshirted in 2001, Iwuchukwu appeared in all 13 games as reserve and on special teams in 2002. He had four solo tackles, including one for loss, and led the team with three blocked kicks. He blocked a field goal at Notre Dame, an extra point at Michigan State and another field goal against Washington in the Sun Bowl.

2003
Iwuchukwu appeared in all 13 games as reserve and on special teams in 2003, amassing 14 tackles (8 solo, 6 assists) and a blocked kick. He blocked a 41-yard field goal attempt by Mike Nugent at Ohio State as time expired to send game into overtime. Iwuchukwu also had three tackles (1 solo, 2 assists) in that game. He recorded a season-high five tackles (all solo) against Georgia in the Capital One Bowl after replacing the injured Gilbert Gardner.

2004
In 2004, Iwuchukwu received the team's Most Improved Award for his defensive play in the spring. He started first eight games before suffering season-ending knee injury, yet ranked second on team with two blocked kicks. He also had 40 tackles (20 solo, 20 assists), including four for loss and 0.5 sacks, with one pass breakup and one fumble recovered. In a game against Illinois, he had a career-high 13 tackles (6 solo, 7 assists), including career-high tying 1.5 for loss, recovered fumble and blocked field goal. Iwuchukwu also blocked a field goal at Notre Dame.

2005
As a senior in 2005, Iwuchukwu battled injuries and missed four of the team's 12 games. He finished the season with 27 tackles (18 solo), 4.5 tackles for loss, and one sack. He had a season high six tackles against Notre Dame, while his lone sack came against Wisconsin.

Tied for Purdue career lead with five blocked field goals (also Rosevelt Colvin, 1995–98). Iwuchukwu's six blocked kicks overall (also one extra point) are best in school history.

Professional career
At Purdue's Pro Day in March 2006, Iwuchukwu ran the 40-yard dash in 4.49 and 4.51 seconds. He also had a 35-inch vertical jump, 4.30 short shuttle, 11.81 long shuttle, 7.11 three-cone drill and 26 bench presses.

2006
After going undrafted in the 2006 NFL Draft, Iwuchukwu signed a contract with the New Orleans Saints as an undrafted free agent on May 1. He was waived by the team on August 2, then signed by the San Francisco 49ers a week later when linebacker Andre Torrey tore his ACL.

Iwuchukwu attended training camp with the 49ers but was released during final cutdowns on September 2. He was added to the team's practice squad the following day, but released some time later.  He was subsequently signed to the Ravens practice squad, though was not re-signed after the team's playoff loss to the Indianapolis Colts.

2007
On February 6, 2007, Iwuchukwu signed a future contract with the Miami Dolphins. He was subsequently released on May 1.

Family
Has a younger sister, Jacque Iwuchukwu (born October 18, 1984), who is a four-time Southland Conference-winning triple jumper. She is an alumnus of Texas State University.

References

External links
 Purdue profile

1983 births
Living people
American football linebackers
American people of Igbo descent
Igbo sportspeople
American sportspeople of Nigerian descent
Miami Dolphins players
Purdue Boilermakers football players
Players of American football from Arlington, Texas

Bobby Iwuchukwu


Hélio Castroneves (born Hélio Castro Neves; May 10, 1975) is a Brazilian racecar driver. Until 2020, Castroneves raced for Team Penske in the IndyCar Series. He has won the Indy 500 four times. Castroneves won Dancing with the Stars in 2007 with his partner Julianne Hough. Castroneves drove for Team Penske since he entered the Indycar series in the late 1990s. Even though he has many race wins, Castroneves has never won an IndyCar Series championship. Castroneves lives in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

Racing Career
Castroneves was born and raised in Brazil and was successful in karting there. He moved to Europe to keep racing and was a top driver in British Formula 3, which many racing experts say is a "stepping stone" to a career in a higher series such as F1 or IndyCar. He began racing in the United States in what was then the CART series in the late 1990s and struggled at first. However, in 2000, he got a big break when Team Penske signed him after Greg Moore, who the team originally wanted to drive for them, died in a racing accident in 1999. He joined the team in 2000 and has remained there ever since. In 2001, he won the Indianapolis 500, one of the most important events in the racing world. At the event, he famously climbed the protective fence at the side of the track. The following year he won again in a very controversial finish where it wasn't clear whether Castroneves or rival Paul Tracy had won. Castroneves was declared the winner, but many people believe Tracy was the rightful winner. Tracy has not gotten along with Castroneves since then and has called him a "two time winner", leaving out his 2002 win. Castroneves has always been a top driver and finished second in IndyCar Series points in 2008. The following year he won the Indy 500 for a third time. In 2009, the IRS charged Castroneves with tax evasion. After a trial, Castroneves was acquitted by a jury.

References

1975 births
Living people
Brazilian racecar drivers
IndyCar Series drivers

Hélio Castroneves


Róbert Ingi Douglas (born 4 June 1973, in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic film director, screenwriter and cinematographer who made his feature film debut with Íslenski draumurinn (2000). That film became a sleeper hit in the summer of 2000 becoming one of Iceland's biggest box-office hits that year. Róbert Douglas followed the success of his first film with a darker film about subtle racism in Iceland's society, A Man Like Me (2002). That film proved to be another commercial success in Iceland. Douglas then made Eleven Men Out (2005), a film about an all-gay soccer team. The film has already become a success outside of Iceland and is the director's first film to do so. Before making Eleven Men Out, Douglas made a documentary for television. This Is Sanlitun (2013), a comedy feature film set in Beijing is Douglas's latest film and premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2013, it is Douglas's first English language film.

Douglas is half Northern Irish and half Icelandic. His mother is from Iceland and his father is from Northern Ireland.

Filmography
 The Icelandic Dream (Icelandic Íslenski draumurinn) (2000)
 A Man Like Me (Icelandic. Maður eins og ég) (2002)
 Small Mall (Icelandic. Mjóddin slá í gegn) (2004)
 Eleven Men Out (Icelandic. Strákarnir okkar) (2005)
 This Is Sanlitun (2013)

References

External links

1973 births
Living people
Robert Ingi Douglas
Robert Ingi Douglas
Robert Ingi Douglas
Robert Ingi Douglas

Róbert Ingi Douglas


Elizabeth Lee Ann "Beth" MacKenzie (May 3, 1960 – November 20, 2013) was a registered nurse and former politician on Prince Edward Island, Canada. She was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island elected in the general election of 1996, 2000 and 2003. She represented the electoral district of Park Corner-Oyster Bed and was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party.

Born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, she was the youngest of the six children of Mary Cummings and Stephen MacMillan, who was the son of former premier William J. P. MacMillan. She was educated at the Prince Edward Island School of Nursing. She died suddenly on November 20, 2013.

References

1960 births
2013 deaths
Politicians from Charlottetown
Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island MLAs
Women MLAs in Prince Edward Island
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians

Beth MacKenzie


The German and Austrian Alpine Club (, DuÖAV) was a merger of the German, Austrian and German Bohemian Alpine Club that existed from 1873 to 1938.

History
In 1862 the Sektion Austria was founded in Vienna by the academics Paul Grohmann, Friedrich Simony and Edmund von Mojsisovics. It was the first mountaineering club on the continent, modelled on the London Alpine Club. About seven years later, the Austrian mountaineer Franz Senn founded the Bildungsbürgerlicher Bergsteigerverein in Munich. Both organisations merged in 1873 to form the German and Austrian Alpine Club.

The main organisation consisted of numerous legally independent sections responsible for the upkeep of Alpine club huts and footpaths. In 1918 the DuÖAV purchased about  of land at the Pasterze Glacier of the Grossglockner massif, which became the nucleus of the present-day High Tauern National Park. From the mid-1920s the club placed an increased focus on environmental concerns of the high mountain regions.

On the other hand, club life was shaped by rising nationalism and antisemitism. Some sections, such as in Vienna or Munich, implemented an "Aryan paragraph" even before World War I. After 1919, Jewish members were expelled from the club. In turn, the Sektion Donauland was founded by Viktor Frankl and Fred Zinnemann as a resort for Jewish alpinists; it was excluded from the DuÖAV main organisation in 1924. Even in most Alpine club huts, Jewish mountaineers were not admitted.

While the cross-national DuÖAV first could not be co-opted into the Nazi German League of the Reich for Physical Exercise (DRL), the organisation lost its independence upon the Austrian Anschluss to Nazi Germany and the occupation of the Czechoslovak Sudetenland in 1938. After World War II the Austrian Alpine Club (ÖAV) was re-established in 1945, followed by the separate German Alpine Club (DAV) in 1952.

See also
 Austrian Tourist Club
 South Tyrol Alpine Club

External links
 Besprechung einer Sonderausstellungen des Deutschen Alpenvereins "Hast Du meine Alpen gesehen?" und eines Vortrags von Martin Achrainer: "So, jetzt sind wir ganz unter uns!", Antisemitismus im Alpenverein

References

Climbing organizations
Alpine clubs
1873 establishments
1938 disestablishments

German and Austrian Alpine Club


Miss MacIntosh, My Darling is a novel by Marguerite Young.  She has described it as "an exploration of the illusions, hallucinations, errors of judgment in individual lives, the central scene of the novel being an opium addict's paradise."

The novel is one of the longest ever written.

Writing the novel

Young began writing the novel in 1945, expecting it would take two years. She worked on it daily, and did not finish until 1964.  Young has said that had she known it would have taken her so long she would never have started.

Young had been encouraged by Maxwell Perkins, when she submitted a 40-page initial manuscript for the novel, then named Worm in the Wheat.  Over the years, staff at Scribner's had read portions of the work-in-progress.  Nevertheless, the full manuscript was something of a surprise when delivered in February 1964:
  The book was typeset by computer and consumed "38 miles of computer tape".

According to the dust jacket,

In a 1993 interview, Young confirmed the story.  During the interview, Young stated that Miss MacIntosh was  the only invented character in the novel, the rest having all been based on real people. She also said that she had thought that  What Cheer, Iowa was a fictional place.

Character summary
The following brief summaries refer to the "core" descriptions, which are frequently questioned and contradicted.  Some are inconsistent, as in dreams.

Miss Vera Cartwheel the novel's first-person narrator, on a cross-country bus ride, hoping to locate her childhood nursemaid and nanny, Miss MacIntosh.
Miss Georgia MacIntosh frequently called "Miss MacIntosh, my darling" by Vera, she hails from What Cheer, Iowa, and is immune to the elder Cartwheel's dreaming.  One day, about a month after Vera's fourteenth birthday, she was gone, with all personal effects left behind, dead or disappeared.  Completely bald and hairless since birth, she was hit by a bus in Seattle, and had one breast amputated.  She strongly disapproves of electric lights.  Named relatives include her brother Richard, who disappeared while evangelizing Pacific Islanders, her father John Knox, and her mother Mercy.
Mrs. Catherine Helena Cartwheel, née Snowden Vera's mother, the opium lady, living in her New England Boston-area seaside mansion, lost in a permanent opium dream.  Confined to her bed, she is still an eyewitness to everything in her staff's life.  She's not sure if she is alive or dead.
Mr. Joachim Spitzer lawyer who specializes in the affairs of the dead, especially tracing heirs, a composer, now of silent music, he is helplessly sweet on Mrs. Cartwheel, and usually lost in her dreaming.
Peron Spitzer Joachim's identical twin brother, athletic, raffish, gambles on cards and horses, a suicide after he lost the Spitzer inheritance.  Mrs. Cartwheel was sweet on him.  After Peron's death, Joachim was often uncertain whether he was the one who died, or whether he was really Peron.
An old clam-digger Mr. Spitzer's manservant, given to burying himself in the sand.
Moses Hunnecker the bus-driver, drunk, so hateful of Democrats that he never votes lest he pull the wrong lever, and he refuses to cut his hair, since the Democrats haven't taxed hair yet.  Constantly argues with the non-existent Doctor.
Doctor Justice O'Leary non-existent general practitioner, he lost his mind, then his license, who doesn't deliver non-existent babies from non-existent women.  He makes his housecalls, no matter what the weather, despite the fact that his car has no roof, windows, or wheels.  He often argues with his dead sister Sarah.
Sarah O'Leary dead sister of the Doctor, she died at age one, about sixty years ago, but still seeks the Doctor out.
Madge Capehorn née Edwards passenger on the bus, pregnant, riding with her husband, forever jealous of the woman her husband married, and of Jackie, whom she thinks her husband thinks he wanted to marry.  She usually finds the worst interpretation of other people.
Homer Capehorn football player, passenger on the bus, apparently still a virgin.  He usually finds the best interpretation of other people.
Jacqueline "Jackie" White classmate of Homer, costar with him in the school pageant, the most desired girl in school, she went out with no one, and is now dying.
James the Cartwheel chauffeur, but because he likes to shoot things, he left long ago, and was last seen driving a taxicab in Nome, Alaska.
The black coachman the most important Cartwheel family employee of days gone by, supposedly buried next to the sea with his carriage and four white horses, and perhaps a passenger or two, but Mr. Spitzer never answers Mrs. Cartwheel's questions about him.
Cousin Hannah Freemount-Snowden legendary adventurer, mountain climber, desert crosser, who strongly loathes men. A committed suffragette. Deceased.
Jock Cartwheel Catherine's husband, he disappeared while mountain climbing in Europe.  She has no clear memory of him or his name, and is uncertain whether there was a marriage or a funeral.
Lorena a former ward of Miss MacIntosh, her only love.  She grew up to be a fan dancer and strip-tease.
The Tavern's landlord Survivor of the sinkings of the Titanic, the Lusitania, the White Star Castle, and the Prince Edward.
The Tavern's landlady His wife, a notably poor speller.
Mr. Titus Bonebreaker A former women's shoes' salesman from St. Louis who became a doomsday street preacher in Chicago.  He thought he was rescuing a young and wanton Miss MacIntosh when he became engaged to her, but he fled the night before their wedding when she revealed she was bald and one-breasted, leaving behind his umbrella and watch.
Mr. Weed a part-time hangman, or his shadow.  His first wife Marie hung herself, his current wife Julia has the mind of a child.
Lisa Lunde a young would-be physicist who supports herself by helping Mrs. Cartwheel.
Mrs. Hogden an old, fat, experienced teacher of arithmetic, claims to have been hired by Mrs. Cartwheel, moves in and settles herself in Vera's deserted playroom.  Always an optimist, she steals other people's dreams.
Esther Longtree a fat, perpetually pregnant, waitress at the Greasy Spoon and the mother of numerous stillborns. She fears being tried for "murdering" them.
Rosemary Esther's stillborn twin sister. Esther had, according to her mother, literally kicked Rosemary out of the womb several months prematurely.  Also according to her mother, Rosemary was destined to be the perfect daughter, smart, beautiful, well-behaved, unlike Esther.
Walter Esther's first mixed race child. The father survived a lynching and fled north. Walter, killed by Esther at birth, now about ten years old, he keeps asking Esther why she killed him, and asks for his father.
The Chicago detective the father, so he thinks, of three children by Esther.
The little toy salesman so little, he feeds out of a baby bottle, he was the lone survivor of a ship sunk during a violent storm.
Joe Goldberg a former featherweight boxing champion, dying, wants to see what he believes is his child by Esther.
The stone deaf man a guest at the Tavern, he can't stop singing about his life and love.  Vera falls in love with his voice.
Lucie Bell the "stone deaf man"'s lover for the night, she either doesn't exist, is mute, or asleep; Vera never finds out.
Solomon the Cartwheel household turtle.
Friday the Cartwheel household dog.

Sources
Minna K. Weissenbach, a rich patron of Edna St. Vincent Millay, also known as the opium lady of Hyde Park, was the inspiration for Catherine Cartwheel.

Harriet Monroe, the founding editor of Poetry, was the inspiration for Hannah Freemount-Snowden.

Howard Mitcham, a deaf Greenwich Village artist and bohemian, was the inspiration for the stone-deaf man.

Influence and reception
As she worked on The Accidental Tourist, Anne Tyler cured spells of writer's block by reading pages from Miss MacIntosh at random. "Whatever page I turned to, it seemed, a glorious wealth of words swooped out at me."  Tyler made Young's novel a traveling companion for her main character Macon Leary.  A hardcover edition of the book was used as a prop in William Hurt's suitcase in the film adaptation.

Anaïs Nin, a friend and neighbor of Young, apparently the novel's first reader, wrote a review for the Los Angeles Times.  This review also appeared in the sixth volume of her diaries after their publication. It served as an introduction to the 1979 Harcourt Brace Jovanovich paperback edition.

A number of writers have given the work high praise.

References

Further reading
Fuchs, Miriam (ed.) Marguerite Young, Our Darling: Tributes and Essays (Dalkey Archive Press, 1994): includes five essays on Miss MacIntosh, My Darling originally published in The Review of Contemporary Fiction 9.3 (Fall 1989).

Turner, Rob. "Marguerite Young's Flood of Consciousness." In Counterfeit Culture: Truth and Authenticity in the American Prose Epic since 1960. Cambridge University Press, 2019, pp. 15-46.
 Wakeman, John (ed.) World Authors 1950-1970, H. W. Wilson, New York (1975).

External links
 Art on Air: Marguerite Young: Miss Macintosh, My Darling

1965 American novels
Books with cover art by Paul Bacon
Psychological novels
Novels about drugs
Novels about composers
Novels set in Iowa

Miss MacIntosh, My Darling


Jessie Olive Thatcher Bost (December 16, 1875 – February 14, 1963) She was the first female graduate of Oklahoma State University. Bost was born in Guthrie Center, Iowa,  Her family moved to Stillwater in 1891, then part of Oklahoma Territory, and she enrolled in a university, then known as Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical (A&M) College, when it opened later that year. She graduated in 1897, alongside two male students in the university's second graduating class. After graduation, Bost worked as a public school teacher in Stillwater. Bost remained involved with the university and became the first president of its Alumni Association in 1902 and the Half-Century Club in 1954. The university named its first female dormitory "Jessie Thatcher Hall for Bost when it opened in 1925.

Marriage and family
Jessie married Henry A. Bost, a fellow student, on July 16, 1902. They continued to live in Stillwater until 1907.   Meanwhile, the couple had four children and moved to Alva in 1908. As soon as she settled in Alva, she organized a Parent-Teachers Association (PTA) and was elected chairman of the Northwest PTA.

Jessie Bost interrupted her career in education and spent full time raising children. She and Henry had two sons, Armon Henry (1909-2004) and William Rufus (1916-1944).

Bost was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1997.

Notes

References

External links
Jessie Thatcher Bost Collection at Oklahoma State University

1875 births
1963 deaths
People from Stillwater, Oklahoma
People from Guthrie Center, Iowa
People from Alva, Oklahoma
Oklahoma State University alumni
Educators from Oklahoma
American women educators

Jessie Thatcher Bost


Banat is an unincorporated community in Menominee County, Michigan, and home to Holmes Township's Township Hall. Banat was named after the Banat (then in the Austro-Hungarian Empire) by Romanian immigrants who came to the area in the mid 19th century.  At Banat's peak, it had a two-room schoolhouse, church, cemetery, bus garage, township hall, tavern, inn, two general stores, gas station and a railroad station. The original industry was farming, though this was largely abandoned by the mid-twentieth century due to poor soil and climate conditions. The permanent population dwindled during the latter half of the twentieth century. The school house was closed and sold in the 1960s and is now a private cottage. The church was closed and demolished in the mid-1980s. The bus garage was sold off along with the school house and was eventually demolished sometime around 2000 to make way for a mini-storage facility. The tavern, general store and gas station were closed and demolished following the death of the last owner, Mr. Hirsch.

There is still a small permanent population, but many former residences are now used recreationally. Outdoor activities such as hunting and fishing are now the primary activities in the area; there is also a cross-country skiing course that opened in the late 1990s. A rental lodge, which recently opened, and a mini-storage facility, built on the site of the former bus garage, are the only apparent businesses within the traditional borders of Banat. With climate change, and the rising price of crops such as soy and corn, there has been a recent resurgence of crop farming in just the past few years, and there is at least one active cattle farm in the area.

With the decline in farming, environmental protection laws of the 1970s, and wildlife reintroduction programs, wildlife has made a remarkable comeback in the area. By the 1970s there were no bald eagles and very few black bear. There are now many nesting pair of eagles in the area and a healthy bear population, as well as improvements in many other avian and small mammal populations.

Demographics
Banat has a population that is 95.8% Caucasian and 4.2% Other/Mixed Race.

Notable residents
 Lou Thesz, professional wrestling legend

References

Unincorporated communities in Menominee County, Michigan
Populated places established in 1909
Romanian-American history
1909 establishments in Michigan
Unincorporated communities in Michigan

Banat, Michigan


The second impact (also known as second collision and human collision) is the impact suffered between a vehicle occupant and the vehicle during a collision. The first impact is the impact between the vehicle and another object. There is also a third impact between the internal organs and the frame of the body.

The term was coined in the 1950s by Sergeant Elmer Paul of the Indiana State Police. Paul convinced Indiana authorities to investigate the mechanics of highway injuries, and worked with safety pioneer Hugh DeHaven.

The effects of the second impact are reduced by the use of seat belts, airbags, interior vehicle padding and removing of aggressive structures.

References

Automotive safety

Second impact (safety)


MessagePack is a computer data interchange format. It is a binary form for representing simple data structures like arrays and associative arrays. MessagePack aims to be as compact and simple as possible. The official implementation is available in a variety of languages such as C, C++, C#, D, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript (NodeJS), Lua, OCaml, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala, Smalltalk, and Swift.

Data types and syntax
Data structures processed by MessagePack loosely correspond to those used in JSON format. They consist of the following element types:
 nil
 bool, boolean (true and false)
 int, integer (up to 64 bits signed or unsigned)
 float, floating point numbers (IEEE single/double precision)
 str, UTF-8 string
 bin, binary data (up to 232 − 1 bytes)
 array
 map, an associative array
 ext (arbitrary data of an application-defined format, up to 232 − 1 bytes)
 timestamp (ext type = −1) (up to 64-bit seconds and 32-bit nanoseconds)

Comparison to other formats
MessagePack is more compact than JSON, but imposes limitations on array and integer sizes. On the other hand, it allows binary data and non-UTF-8 encoded strings. In JSON, map keys have to be strings, but in MessagePack there is no such limitation and any type can be a map key, including types like maps and arrays, and, like YAML, numbers.

Compared to BSON, MessagePack is more space-efficient. BSON is designed for fast in-memory manipulation, whereas MessagePack is designed for efficient transmission over the wire. For example, BSON requires null terminators at the end of all strings and inserts string indexes for list elements, while MessagePack doesn't. BSON represents both arrays and maps internally as documents, which are maps, where an array is a map with keys as decimal strings counting up from 0. MessagePack on the other hand represents both maps and arrays as arrays, where each map key-value pair is contiguous, making odd items keys and even items values.

The Protocol Buffers format provides a significantly more compact transmission format than MessagePack because it doesn't transmit field names. However, while JSON and MessagePack aim to serialize arbitrary data structures with type tags, Protocol Buffers require a schema to define the data types. Protocol Buffers compiler creates boilerplate code in the target language to facilitate integration of serialization into the application code; MessagePack returns only a dynamically typed data structure and provides no automatic structure checks.

MessagePack is referenced in  of CBOR.

See also
Apache Thrift
Apache Avro
BSON
CBOR
JSONB
JSON
Protocol Buffers
Smile
UBJSON
Comparison of data serialization formats
YAML
XDR

References

External links

MessagePack format specification

Data serialization formats

MessagePack


A hatchback is a car body style with a rear door that swings upward to provide access to a cargo area. Indeed, this rear door that opens upwards is a distinguishing feature of all hatchbacks. Most hatchbacks use a two-box design body style, where the cargo area (trunk/boot) and passenger areas are a single unit. The rear seats can often be folded down to increase the available cargo area. The body style has been marketed worldwide on cars ranging in size from superminis to small family cars, as well as executive cars and some sports cars.  It is useful for short journeys and for a medium amount of luggage.

References

Automobile body styles

Hatchback


The Arboretum de l'Abiétinée (1.5 hectares) is an arboretum located between Rue Pasteur and the Grand Allée in Malzéville, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, France. The garden is strongly linked to the history of French Art Nouveau but currently unmaintained.

The private arboretum was created in 1902 by Eugène Schott, mayor of Malzéville and also vice president of the Société centrale d'horticulture de Nancy. Emile Gallé, a major force in the French Art Nouveau movement, concurrently served as the society's president, and the nearby Cure d'Air Trianon was, like the arboretum, designed in the Art Nouveau style. Horticulturist and conifer specialist Victor Didier designed and led planting of the garden, whose name reflects the society's interest in fir trees (Abies).

According to a document by Didier, published in 1910, the garden contained 25 genera and 277 taxa of conifers, as well as a number of other woody plants. It received honors for its conifer collection in the years 1904-1913, but the property changed hands several times subsequently as the arboretum fell into disuse. As of 2006 it was in danger of loss to development, and efforts were underway to save and restore it.

See also
 List of botanical gardens in France

References
 L'arboretum de l'Abiétinée témoin de son temps : Art Nouveau (French)
 Arboretum de l'Abiétinée (French)
 Developpement-durable description (French)
 Tela-Botanica: "Mauvaises nouvelles de l'Arboretum de l'Abiétinée", December 19, 2006. (French)

Gardens in Meurthe-et-Moselle
Abiétinée
Art Nouveau works

Arboretum de l'Abiétinée


David Bellos (born 1945) is an English-born translator and biographer. Bellos is Meredith Howland Pyne Professor of French Literature and Professor of Comparative Literature at Princeton University in the United States. He was director of Princeton's Program in Translation and Intercultural Communication from its inception in 2007 until July 1, 2019.

Biography

Bellos' research topics have included Honoré de Balzac and Georges Perec. Bellos published a translation of Perec's most famous novel, Life A User's Manual, in 1987.

He won the first Man Booker International Prize for translation in 2005 for his translations of works by Albanian author Ismail Kadare, despite not speaking Albanian. His translations were done from previous French translations.

Bellos has written three literary biographies and an introduction to translation studies, Is That a Fish in Your Ear? Translation and The Meaning of Everything (2011). His most recent book, The Novel of the Century,  tells the story of how Victor Hugo wrote Les Misérables.

He appears in The Magnificent Tati, a documentary about the filmmaker Jacques Tati.

He is the father of writer and broadcaster Alex Bellos.

Awards and honours
2005 Man Booker International Prize, for translation of works by Ismail Kadare
2015 Officier in the Ordre national des Arts et des Lettres
2017 American Library in Paris Book Award winner for The Novel of the Century
2019 Howard T. Berhman Award for Distinguished Achievement in the Humanities, Princeton University

Publications

Translations
Georges Perec: Life A User's Manual, 1987 (French-American Foundation's translation prize); new edition, 2008
Georges Perec: W, or the Memory of Childhood, 1988
Georges Perec: Things: A Story of the Sixties, 1990
Georges Perec: 53 Days, 1992
Ismail Kadare: The Pyramid, 1995
Ismail Kadare:The File on H, 1996
Georges Ifrah: A Universal History of Numbers, 2000
Ismail Kadare: Spring Flowers, Spring Frost, 2001
Fred Vargas: Have Mercy On Us All, 2003
Fred Vargas: Seeking Whom He May Devour, 2004
Ismail Kadare: The Successor, 2005
Ismail Kadare: Agamemnon's Daughter, 2006
Ismail Kadare: The Siege, 2008
Hélène Berr: Journal, 2008
Georges Perec: Thoughts of Sorts, 2009
Romain Gary: Hocus Bogus, 2010
Georges Perec: The Art and Craft of Approaching Your Head of Department to Submit a Request for a Raise, 2011
Georges Simenon: Pietr the Latvian, 2013
Daniel Anselme: On Leave, 2014
Ismail Kadare: Twilight of the Eastern Gods, 2014
Georges Perec: Portrait of a Man, 2014 (UK), 2015 (USA)
Georges Perec: I Remember, 2014 (USA) (with Philip Terry)
Paul Fournel, Dear Reader, 2014 (UK)
Frédéric Dard, Bird in a Cage2016 (UK)
Delphine Horvilleur, Anti-Semitism Revisited, 2021 (UK)
Maxime Rovere, How To Deal With Idiorts (and stop being one yourself), 2021 (UK)

Biographies
Georges Perec. A Life in Words, 1993. (Prix Goncourt de la biographie). French edition, 1994. Japanese edition, 2014. Hebrew edition, 2016. New edition in French, 2022; German translation, 2023; Turkish and Chinese translations in progress.
Jacques Tati. His Life and Art, 1999. French edition, 2002; Italian edition, 2022
Romain Gary. A Tall Story, Harvill Secker, November 2010

Other books
Balzac Criticism in France, 1850–1900. The Making of a Reputation. Oxford, 1976
La Cousine Bette. A Critical Guide. London, 1981
Old Goriot (Landmarks of World Literature). Cambridge, 1987. Hebrew translation, Tek Aviv, 1990.
Is That a Fish in Your Ear? Translation and the Meaning of Everything. London and New York, 2011. Paperback edition, 2012.French translation by Daniel Loayza as , Flammarion, 2012, republished in 2017 as La Traduction dans tous ses états. Spanish translation by Vicente Campos, as . Ariel, 2012. German translation by Silvia Morawetz as , Eichborn, 2013. Russian translation by Natalia Shahova, Azbuka, 2019. Traditional Chinese translation, Rye Field, Taipei, 2019. Also translated into Simplified Chinese, Korean, Japanese and Farsi.
The Novel of the Century: The Extraordinary Adventure of Les Misérables. London and New York, 2017. Korean edition, 2018. Japanese edition, 2018. Chinese edition, 2019

References

External links

"I, Translator" by David Bellos, The New York Times (20 March 2010)
Review of Georges Perec: A Life in Words by Alice Kaplan

Review by Michael Hoffmann of Is That a Fish in Your Ear?, The Guardian (22 September 2011)
"Babbling Barbarians: How Translators Keep Us Civilized: A conversation with David Bellos" Ideas Roadshow, 2013

French–English translators
British biographers
Princeton University faculty
1945 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
The New York Review of Books people
Prix Goncourt de la Biographie winners

David Bellos


The placekicker, also called a kicker, is the player in American and Canadian football who is responsible for the kicking duties of field goals and extra points. In many cases, the placekicker also serves as the team's kickoff specialist or, more rarely, punter, as well. A kicker is often called the most valuable player on the team. This is because in many cases, he scores the most points in a game. Each time his team gets to the 35 yard line or closer, they have a chance to score 3 points. Each time their team makes a touchdown, the kicker comes in to make the extra (1) point. A kicker is a member of the special teams.

Job requirements
To be a kicker in the NFL requires strong legs. The kicker also needs excellent concentration and coordination. A kicker is the only member of a team who can move the ball with their feet. But the kicker is often the smallest member of the team. Probably the most important requirement is "nerves of steel". You have to kick the ball perfectly while being rushed by the other team.

Hero or ?
The kicker is the only player on a team who has the opportunity to score points each time he goes out on the field. Kickers today often use a soccer-style kick instead of a straight ahead kick. If he makes a great kick he is a hero. If he misses he is a chump|. An entire game can be won or lost by the kicker. A kicker cannot afford to miss too many field goals or they can find themselves traded off the team.

References

Other websites
 The 10 Best Kickers of All Time
 NFL Career Field Goal % Leaders

American football placekickers
Canadian football

Placekicker


Solid State Interlocking (SSI) is the brand name of the first generation processor-based interlocking developed in the 1980s by British Rail's Research Division, GEC-General Signal and Westinghouse Signals Ltd in the UK.

Interlocking hardware
SSI utilises a 2-out-of-3 redundancy architecture, whereby all safety-critical functions are performed in three separate processing lanes and the results voted upon. An SSI interlocking cubicle comprises three Interlocking Processors or Multi Processor Modules (MPMs), two Panel Processors and a Diagnostics Processor (DMPM). An SSI system can operate on two MPMs in the event of the failure of one. It does not need the DMPM to function as an interlocking, as this drives the technician's terminal only.

Data
Geographic interlocking data, relating to the area of railway under control, is installed using EPROMs contained in plug in memory modules. The interlocking program contained in each of the MPMs interprets this data to allow safe passage of trains through its area of control.

External hardware

Trackside equipment such as signals and points are connected to nearby 'trackside functional modules' (TFMs). Each module has a number of outputs and inputs. Each output drives an individual function, such as a signal lamp or an AWS inductor. Certain outputs are capable of driving a flashing lamp directly. The inputs are used to send information back to the interlocking, such as indications determined by track circuit relays or points detection circuits, for example.

There are two kinds of TFM; the signal module (identified by a red label) and the points module (black label). A maximum of 63 TFMs may be addressed by one SSI interlocking; in practice the number will be limited by timing issues and the need to allow for future expansion.

Data links

Communication between interlockings and TFMs is by electronic data packages termed 'telegrams'. Telegrams are transmitted via 'data links', comprising twisted pair copper cable. The data links are duplicated for availability.

A 'data link module' (DLM) is the interface between the data link and the TFMs. A DLM has a blue label.

For transmission over longer distances, fibre-optic cable and pulse-code modulation may be used. Another type of module, the 'long distance terminal' (LDT) is available for this purpose. An LDT has a gold coloured label.

Market penetration
SSI is widely installed within Great Britain, and has some penetration of other Western European markets. It was first used at Dingwall in 1984 in connection with RETB signalling. The first conventional SSI scheme was at Leamington Spa in 1985, while also in 1985 the application design for use on the first phase of the Docklands Light Railway, London, was begun: this combined the SSI with automation of the route setting and the train driving (ATO/ATP). The second and third SSIs were installed at Midway and Lenz stations in South Africa. The second phase of the Docklands Light Railway in 1987, including the extension to Bank, the re-design of the Poplar / Canary Wharf layout and the reduction of the technical headway to under 2 minutes, saw the expansion of the SSI installation. SSI has also been installed in Indonesia, Hong Kong and other countries. Australia is an extensive user of SSI, particularly New South Wales, where it is installed at busy locations such as Hurstville - Oatley, North Sydney, Wyong, Granville, Enfield, Blacktown, Olympic Park and others within the Transport Asset Holding Entity network.

Future
Due to the success of SSI within the UK market, Alstom and WRSL have released products (Smartlock and Westlock respectively) which copy a number of its features.  In particular, both re-use the SSI data preparation language and trackside equipment.

A big advantage of these later versions of CBI is that the arbitrary limit of 63 TFM is raised so high that a big interlocking can be handled without having to split the logic into small chunks.

References

Interlocking systems
British Rail research and development
General Electric Company
Railway signalling control

Solid State Interlocking


was an early to mid-Edo period Japanese samurai, and the 6th daimyō of Fukui Domain

Biography
Tsunamasa was born in Edo in 1661 as the eldest son of Matsudaira Masakatsu of Echizen-Matsuoka Domain and his mother was a daughter of Tokugawa Ieyasu's uncle, Matsudaira Sadayuki. His name in infancy was Senkiku (仙菊), later becoming Matsudaira Tsunanobu (綱宣).  In 1674, when his uncle Matsudaira Masachika became daimyō of Fukui Domain, an O-Ie Sōdō erupted between followers of Masakatsu and Matsudaira Mitsumichi's illegitimate son, Naokata. Although the dispute was settled in favour of Masachika, the faction favouring Masakatsu remain vehemently opposed to his rule, and blocked any action he attempted to take. Masachika decided to retire after two years, and appointed Masakatsu's son Tsubanobu as his successor. Tsunanobu changed his name to Tsunamasa at this time. He was granted Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade Court rank and the courtesy title of Echizen-no-kami the same year. His courtesy title was raised to  Sakon'e-gon-shōjō in 1680.

However, Tsunamasa quickly proved to be a poor choice as daimyō. He was a cruel lord, subject to frequent fits of rage, going on rampages and even killing retainers. He also neglected his duties at Edo Castle. His retainers called on Masaaki to step back in; however, the shogunate acted first and threatened the attainder of Fukui Domain in 1686 and placed Tsunamasa under house arrest on grounds of insanity and incompetence. However, as Fukui was a famed domain founded by Tokugawa Ieyasu's son Yūki Hideyasu, special consideration was given. Masachika and the domain's senior retainers were all called to Edo, and Tsunamasa was deposed. Fukui Domain was reduced by more than half, to a kokudaka of 250,000 koku, and Masachika was ordered to resume the position of  daimyō.

Tsunamasa remained under house arrest in Edo until his death under unknown circumstance in 1699.

Family
 Father: Matsudaira Masakatsu (1636-1693)
 Mother: Kikuhime, daughter of Hisamatsu-Matsudaira Sadayuki of Iyo-Matsuyama Domain
 Wife: Kiyohime, daughter of Asukai Masanao
 Concubine: Takemura-dono
 Children:
 Honda Naganori (1690-1728), karō of Fukui Domain
 daughter (name unknown), married kuge Karasuma Mitsuei

References
Papinot, Edmond. (1948). Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan. New York: Overbeck Co.

External links
 Fukui Domain on "Edo 300 HTML" (3 November 2007)
  越前松平氏 (Echizen Matsudaira) at ReichsArchiv.jp

Notes

1661 births
1699 deaths
Shinpan daimyo
Fukui-Matsudaira clan
People of Edo-period Japan

Matsudaira Tsunamasa


The Selfish Gene is a book on evolution by Richard Dawkins, published in 1976. It builds upon the work of George C. Williams's  book: Adaptation and Natural Selection, and helped popularize W.D. Hamilton's work.

Dawkins used the term "selfish gene" as a way of expressing the "gene-centred view of evolution". From the gene-centred view, it follows that the more two individuals are genetically related, the more sense (at the level of the genes) it makes for them to behave selflessly with each other.

An organism evolves to maximise its inclusive fitness—the number of copies of its genes passed on globally (rather than by a particular individual).

Dawkins proposes the idea of the "replicator":
"[About] the central role in natural selection... One way of sorting this whole matter out is to use the terms 'replicator' and 'vehicle'. The fundamental units of natural selection, the basic things that survive or fail to survive, that form lineages of identical copies with occasional random mutations, are called replicators. DNA molecules are replicators. They generally, for reasons that we shall come to, gang together into large communal survival machines or 'vehicles'."
— Richard Dawkins, The Selfish Gene, p. 253 (Anniversary Edition)

The book also coins the term meme for a unit of human cultural evolution analogous to the gene.

References

Biology books
Evolutionary biology
1976 books

The Selfish Gene


USS Sagamore was a  built on behalf of the United States Navy for service during the American Civil War. She was outfitted as a gunboat and assigned to the Union blockade of the Confederate States of America. Sagamore was very active during the war, and served the Union both as a patrol ship and a bombardment vessel.

Under United States Navy service

Commissioned in 1861 at the Boston Navy Yard
The first U.S. Navy ship to be so named,  USS Sagamore — a wooden-hulled, screw-driven gunboat built by the A. & G. T. Sampson and Atlantic Works Boston, Massachusetts — was launched on 1 September 1861 and commissioned on 7 December 1861 at the Boston Navy Yard.

Civil War

Assigned to the East Gulf blockade
On 26 November 1861, Sagamore received orders to report to Flag Officer William McKean for duty as part of the East Gulf Blockading Squadron which patrolled the waters off the coasts of Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi.

Sagamores first encounter with the enemy came at Apalachicola, Florida. On 3 April 1862, armed boat crews from Sagamore and  captured the city without resistance.

On 30 June 1862, Sagamore attacked Tampa, Florida, but withdrew after exchanging fire with a Confederate shore battery.

On 11 September, a landing party from Sagamore destroyed the salt works, which could produce 200 bushels a day, at St. Andrews Bay, Florida.

Sagamore next captured the blockade-running English schooner By George off Indian River, Florida on 1 December, with a cargo of coffee and sugar.

In January 1863, Sagamore captured Avenger, Julia, and destroyed the sloop Elizabeth. Next she captured the sloop Enterprise on 8 March 1863, and the sloop New York on 26 April.

Shelling New Smyrna, Florida
On 28 July, boats from Sagamore and  attacked New Smyrna, Florida. After shelling the town, Union forces captured two schooners; caused the Confederate forces to destroy several other vessels, some of which were loaded with cotton and ready to sail; and burned large quantities of cotton on shore.

Following the attack at New Smyrna, Sagamore returned to her coastal duties. On 8 August, Sagamore captured the sloops Clara Louise, Southern Rights, Shot, and Ann.

Suwannee River operations
On 21 April 1864, boat expeditions from Sagamore took 100 bales of cotton and destroyed 300 additional bales near Clay Landing on the Suwannee River, Florida.

Sagamores final action in the Civil War took place on 7 June. Suspecting that Confederate forces were using cotton to erect breastworks on the banks of the Suwannee River, a boat expedition composed of men from Sagamore and  proceeded up the river and captured over 100 bales of cotton in the vicinity of Clay Landing.

Decommissioning
Sagamore was decommissioned on 1 December 1864 at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and was sold at New York City. on 13 June 1865.

Under Japanese service
Sagamore was acquired by Kubota Domain, one of the feudal domains of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan in 1865 as the Saga-no-kami, and was renamed Yōshun-maru in 1868. She was donated to the nascent Imperial Japanese Navy during the Boshin War of the Meiji restoration.  Yoshun is recorded to have departed Uraga on 24 April 1869 for Miyako Bay, where she came under attack from the Republic of Ezo Navy gunboat Kaiten at the Battle of Miyako Bay on 27 April. She departed Miyako Bay on 6 May with a continent of soldiers and equipment, which she delivered to Aomori on 8 May. She then transported troops and equipment from Aomori to Hakodate on 19 May and was a participant at the Naval Battle of Hakodate Bay, remaining in those waters until the surrender of the last forces of the Republic of Ezo. In 1870, she was demilitarized and sold to a civilian shipping firm operating scheduled services between Osaka and Tokyo. However, later the same year, she was purchased by an American shipping firm for routes throughout the far east, and was renamed Daimyo. Her subsequent fate is not known.

References

External links

 Images, Naval History and Heritage Command website.

Ships of the Union Navy
Ships built in Boston
Steamships of the United States Navy
Unadilla-class gunboats
American Civil War patrol vessels of the United States
1861 ships
Ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Naval ships of Japan

USS Sagamore (1861)


Joseph Mascolo (March 13, 1929 – December 8, 2016) was an American musician and former dramatic actor.

Mascolo was born in West Hartford, Connecticut. He studied at the University of Miami and at the United States Military Academy. He began acting in 1957.

During his long career, he has acted in many movies such as Jaws 2, Heat and The Trail of the Incredible Hulk. He was best known for playing super villian Stefano DiMera, a role he originated in 1982 on NBC's Days of Our Lives until his retirement in January 2016.

Mascolo was married to Rose Maimone in 1953. She died in 1986. They had one son. Mascolo then married Patricia Schultz in 2005. He lived in Los Angeles. California. Mascolo was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2015 and suffered a crippling stroke the same year.

Mascolo died on December 8, 2016 at his home in Los Angeles from complication of the disease, aged 87. He was survived by his wife Patricia, his sister Marie, his son Peter and a step-daughter Laura.

References

Other websites

His Personal Website

1929 births
2016 deaths
Deaths from Alzheimer's disease
American movie actors
American television actors
Musicians from Connecticut
Actors from Connecticut
People from West Hartford, Connecticut

Joseph Mascolo