The 1983 James Hardie 1000 was a motor race for Group C Touring Cars contested at the Mount Panorama Circuit, Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia on 2 October 1983. It was the 24th "Bathurst 1000" and the third to carry the James Hardie 1000 name. The race, which took place as part of Round 4 of the 1983 Australian Endurance Championship, was contested over 163 laps of the 6.172 km circuit, a total distance of 1006.036 km.

The Holden Dealer Team took a controversial, but legal, victory with the team's second Holden VH Commodore SS driven by John Harvey, Peter Brock and Larry Perkins. Harvey and Phil Brock qualified the car but after the #05 car blew its engine on lap 8, Peter Brock and Perkins transferred themselves into Harvey's car. Phil Brock never drove the car on race day and was forced to spectate as his three teammates won the race in the car he qualified in, a decision that he claimed was made by Perkins as team manager despite Perkins being the slowest qualifier of the quartet and despite it also being legal for four drivers to drive one car (something Perkins refutes claiming the rules only allowed a maximum of three drivers per car). The car was also the car which Peter Brock and Larry Perkins had won the race in 1982 and updated to 1983 specs, meaning this Holden Commodore became the first race car to win the Bathurst 1000 twice. The Holden Dealer Team Commodore finished a lap ahead of Allan Moffat and Japanese driver Yoshimi Katayama in their Peter Stuyvesant sponsored Mazda RX-7. It would be the closest Mazda would get to winning the race. Third was the STP Roadways Racing Holden Commodore driven by 1982 pole sitter Allan Grice and 1969 winner Colin Bond.

Only three cars in the race were driven by drivers who had both previously won the race. The three cars were: the #05 Holden Dealer Team (entered Holden VH Commodore SS of defending race winners Brock and Perkins), the #17 Ford XE Falcon of Dick Johnson and Kevin Bartlett, and the #16 Nissan Bluebird Turbo of Fred Gibson and John French.

Class structure

Entries were divided into two classes based on engine capacity:

Over 3000 cc
For cars of over 3000cc engine capacity, it featured BMW 635 CSi, Chevrolet Camaro, Ford Falcon, Holden Commodore, Mazda RX-7 and Nissan Bluebird.

Under 3000 cc
For cars of under 3000cc engine capacity, it featured Alfa Romeo GTV6, Audi 5+5, Ford Capri, Isuzu Gemini and Nissan Pulsar.the race for the under 3 litre class was won by Australian Driver Allan "ACE" Cant and co driver and team owner NZ born Les Grose in the #64 wideline windows ford capri.

Hardies Heroes
The final order of the first ten grid positions was established in the "Hardies Heroes" session on the day before the race. This involved the fastest eight cars from qualifying plus two others at the discretion of the organisers contesting two, single timed laps, one car at a time. The fastest lap of each car set its grid position.

 This was Peter Brock's record 5th pole position at Bathurst having previously taken pole in 1974, 1977, 1978 and 1979. This saw him move one clear of Allan Moffat who had been on pole four times. It was also the last time he would set pole driving a Holden, though he did sit on pole in 1997, but it was his co-driver Mark Skaife who had set the time in the runoff
 Dick Johnson crashed in Hardies Heroes destroying his Greens-Tuf Falcon. In a show of goodwill no other teams in the race objected to the replacement #17 car starting the race from 10th position.
 1983 saw the first appearance by BMW in Hardies Heroes with Jim Richards qualifying his JPS Team BMW 635 CSi in 4th place. BMW became the 6th manufacturer to appear in Hardies Heroes following Holden, Ford, Chevrolet, Mazda and Nissan. The BMW was also the first 6 cyl engined car to appear in the runoff.
 1983 Australian Touring Car Champion and winner of the recent Castrol 400 at Sandown Allan Moffat was expected to easily make the top ten with his 13B powered Mazda RX-7, but could only qualify the car 14th, two places behind teammate Gregg Hansford whose car was running the less powerful 12A engine. This led to accusations of sandbagging by other leading teams, especially the Holden Dealer Team which claimed that Moffat was deliberately holding the car back in qualifying rather than showing its real speed.
 The 4cyl Nissan Bluebird Turbo driven by George Fury was the first non-V8 powered car to start on the front row at Bathurst since Peter Brock started second in 1973 in a 6cyl Holden LJ Torana GTR XU-1.
 With seven VH Commodore's in the top 10 this was Holden's greatest representation ever in the runoff. On the other side of the coin, Johnson's Falcon was the only Ford in the top 10, the lowest ever number for that manufacturer.

Official results
Full results of the 1983 James Hardie 1000 were:

Notes
 The names of drivers who practiced in the car but did not take part in the race are shown within brackets.
 Harris/Cooke qualified 30th in the #9 Bendigo Falcon but their car was used to get Johnson/Bartlett back into the race after Johnson crashed the #17 Falcon in Saturday morning's Hardies Heroes. The Harris/Cooke team took part in the race after Johnson's sponsor Ross Palmer (owner of Palmer Tube Mills) acquired the Lawrence/Russell Commodore. The Commodore and Falcon were rebuilt and painted for the race in a marathon effort through Saturday night. After getting stewards and other teams approval the DJR Falcon was allowed to start from 10th while the Bendigo Commodore was allowed to start from position 30. Following the race the Falcon, leased from Harris by Palmer, was returned to the Bendigo Team while the Commodore was returned to Palmer who promptly sold it back to Barry Lawrence.
 Andrew Harris had to get permission from one of his sponsors, Melbourne's Jefferson Ford, to use their Ford dealership name on the re-painted Holden Commodore, which was dubbed the Fordore by the team (the Commodore also carried 5.8 signage, the litre capacity of the Ford 351 Cleveland engine used in the Falcons). In a TV interview during the race with Channel 7's Evan Green, Harris told that he had offered Dick Johnson's wife Jill his Falcon for DJR to get back into the race after seeing a visibly upset Jill Johnson in the pits following her husbands qualifying crash, reasoning that the Ford fans would rather see Johnson in the race than himself. Driving the Commodore Harris ended up finishing 10th and winning the Rookie of the Year award.

Statistics
 Provisional Pole Position - #05 Peter Brock - 2:15.3
 Pole Position - #05 Peter Brock - 2:16.270
 Fastest Lap - #25 Peter Brock - 2:18.5 (lap record)
 Race time of winning car - 6:28:31.6
 Average speed of winning car - 158 km/h

References

Australian Motor Racing Yearbook 1983/84
Australia's Greatest Motor Race, 1960-1989 (©1990)
James Hardie 1000, 1983/84
Modern Motor, December 1983

External links
 Race results, www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au

Motorsport in Bathurst, New South Wales
James Hardie 1000

1983 James Hardie 1000


John Henry Bartlett (March 15, 1869March 19, 1952) was a descendant of Josiah Bartlett, New Hampshire's first governor and a signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence. John H. Bartlett was an American teacher, high school principal, lawyer, author and Republican politician from Portsmouth, New Hampshire. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1894 and served as the 57th governor of New Hampshire from 1919 to 1921.

Bartlett later served as president of the United States Civil Service Commission and was appointed as the first United States Assistant Postmaster General.

In 1929 he was appointed chairman of the United States section of the International Joint Commission for the United States and Canada, until his retirement in 1939.

Education and personal life

John Henry Bartlett was born on March 15, 1869, in Sunapee, New Hampshire, as the second son and third child of John Z. and Sophronia (Sargent) Bartlett.  Bartlett grew up in Sunapee and attended public school there through high school.  Bartlett then attended Colby-Sawyer College in New London, New Hampshire, at the time called Colby Academy.
From 1890 to 1894, Bartlett attended Dartmouth College.
After graduation he became a teacher at the high school in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.  Bartlett taught for four years, the last two years also serving as principal to the school.

Bartlett married Agnes Page, a daughter of Judge Calvin and Arabella J. (Moran) Page in June 1900.  They had one son, Calvin Page Bartlett, born October 8, 1901.  They stayed married until her death on April 25, 1944. Later that year, Bartlett remarried to Mildred C. Lawson.

Bartlett affiliated with the Unitarian Church and was a Knight Templar Mason of DeWitt Clinton Commandery of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, and a Knight of Pythias.

Throughout his life, he maintained an interest in education and his birthplace of Sunapee, New Hampshire.  He was elected as a trustee of Colby-Sawyer College. In 1955, three years after his death, a yearly scholarship award was established for students from Sunapee called the Governor John H. Bartlett Fund. Bartlett also published several books on New England and political topics.

John Henry Bartlett died at the age of 83 on March 19, 1952, in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.

Political career

While teaching in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Bartlett studied law with Judge Calvin Page. He was admitted to the bar in 1898, becoming an associate of Judge Page. Bartlett's most successful and important case was William Turner vs. Cocheco Manufacturing Company, in which a state law was established to furnish adequate fire escapes.

Bartlett began to take an active part in political movements and allied with the Republican Party.  He was elected postmaster of Portsmouth, New Hampshire on December 13, 1899, which he served until 1907. Bartlett left the position of postmaster to serve on former Governor John McLane's staff.  As a member of McLane's staff, he was given the rank of colonel and became responsible for making preparations for the Russo-Japanese War peace conference that led to the signing of the Treaty of Portsmouth officially ending that war.

Former Governor Robert P. Bass appointed Bartlett as the representative of the state of New Hampshire at the sixth annual meeting of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, which was held at Philadelphia in March, 1912.

In 1916, Bartlett presided over the Republican State Convention.
He served in the New Hampshire state House of Representatives before being elected governor in 1918.  Declining to run for a second term, Bartlett served as president of the United States Civil Service Commission and was then appointed as the first United States Assistant Postmaster General in 1922, sponsoring the first transcontinental air mail service.

In 1929, he was appointed chairman of the United States section of the International Joint Commission for the United States and Canada, until his retirement in 1939.

Bartlett's New Deal sympathies caused him to switch to the Democratic Party, and he ran unsuccessfully as a Democrat for the United States Congress.

Throughout Bartlett's political career and after retirement, he spoke at events throughout New England and at graduation ceremonies.

Governorship
John Henry Bartlett ran for governor of New Hampshire in 1918 against Nathaniel E. Martin of Concord, New Hampshire.  Bartlett won the election by over 6,000 votes and entered office on January 6, 1919, and served as the 65th Governor of New Hampshire until January 6, 1921.

During Bartlett's term, the state adopted an executive budget system and the state's employee liability law was revised.  New Hampshire cities also secured the rights to acquire and operate interurban street railways.

Bartlett signed the purple lilac into law as the state flower of New Hampshire on March 28, 1919.

Published works

Books
Dartmouth Athletics: A Complete History of All Kinds of Sports at the College.  1893
In Memoriam: Warren Gamaliel Harding 1923
Spice for Speeches 1926
Folks is Folks 1927
The Legend of Ann Smith: A New England Story in Verse 1931
The Bonus March and the New Deal 1937
A Synoptic History of the Granite State 1939
In Memoriam: Joseph Delmar Bartlett 1940
The Story of Sunapee 1941
Sketches From My Scrap Books and Diaries 1948

Addresses

Message of His Excellency John H. Bartlett, Governor of New Hampshire, to the Two Branches of the Legislature January 2, 1919
Address of John H. Bartlett: Before a Mass Meeting of the National Civil Service Reform League at Washington, D.C. April 27, 1922
Each Political Party Will Be Judged by its Presidential Candidate April 14, 1928

References

Governors of New Hampshire
New Hampshire lawyers
Schoolteachers from New Hampshire
Dartmouth College alumni
Politicians from Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Methodists from New Hampshire
1869 births
1952 deaths
New Hampshire Republicans
New Hampshire Democrats
Republican Party governors of New Hampshire
Colby–Sawyer College alumni
Writers from Portsmouth, New Hampshire
People from Sunapee, New Hampshire

John H. Bartlett


Eucharis, who does not appear in Greek mythology, was one of the nymph Calypso's attendants in Fénelon's novel Les Aventures de Télémaque (1699). In Fénelon's modern prose epic, an improvisation upon Homeric themes, Telemachus while searching for his father, Odysseus, has been shipwrecked on Ogygia, Calypso's island, and there has fallen in love with Eucharis but must leave her, dutifully to pursue his quest.

Fénelon, in charge of the education of the  prospective heir to the French throne, admonished his readers to see the work "not as a frivolous novel, that is offered here, reader, for your idleness, but a learned parable". Its theme of the conflict between duty and love is a persistent one, central in French 17th-century classical theater, but peripheral to the Odyssey in spite of its erotic episodes. A sub-theme in Les Aventures de Télémaque, that of spiritual education, is summed up within the novel by  Mentor, who says, "He who has not felt his weakness and the violence of his passions is not yet wise; for he does not yet understand himself and does not know how to distrust himself."  (In the tradition of the Odyssey, Mentor was a friend of Odysseus; Odysseus placed Mentor in charge of his son Telemachus when he himself left for the Trojan War.)

The story is perhaps best known from Jacques-Louis David's painting The Farewell of Telemachus and Eucharis, painted during David's exile in Brussels (1818), and now at the J. Paul Getty Museum. She is also depicted in Frederick Leighton's Eucharis – A Girl with a Basket of Fruit ( 1863). She also appears, somewhat elliptically, in Arthur Rimbaud's Après le déluge:

 "Then, in the violet wood, budding, Eucharis said to me it was Spring."

Etymology
Eucharis (Εὔχαρις) is from the Greek compound εὖ prefixed to χάρις (meaning grace or charm, the prefix "eu-" denoting good or beautiful). There may also be a connotation of granting sexual favors (from the verb χαρίζειν - charizein).

External links
 Mary Vidal, "David's 'Telemachus and Eucharis' : Reflections on love, learning and history" in The Art Bulletin, December 2000.

Female characters in literature
Literary characters introduced in the 1690s
French literature
Calypso (mythology)

Eucharis (fiction)


Frederick William Farey-Jones (originally Frederick William Jones, 21 May 1904 – 18 February 1974) was a British air industry executive and politician who served as Member of Parliament for Watford for nine years.

Education
Jones was born in Carmarthen and educated at the Queen Elizabeth Grammar School in the town. His higher education was undertaken on the continent of Europe, at Paris, Liège and Geneva, out of which he obtained the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and also considerable experience in foreign languages (he spoke six languages fluently). In 1931 Jones married Lilian Ada Farey, and each of them took the hyphenated surname of Farey-Jones.

Aviation
He went into the aviation business and became involved both with aircraft manufacturers and with airlines (both in the United Kingdom and in Europe). As an aviator himself he conducted important survey flights in Europe, in west and north Africa, and in the south Atlantic. His experience led to him being made a member of the council of the Air League of the British Empire. He established Farey-Jones (Insurance) Ltd, who specialised in insurance for the aviation industry.

International co-operation
In December 1944, Farey-Jones was sent to the Washington Conference on air transport. He served on the drafting committee for the conclusions and was one of the principal advisers. After the Second World War, he was Chairman of Reconstruction Enterprises Association Ltd. He also led the re-establishment of the International Air Transport Association together with Col. Gorrell of the United States. He had earlier founded the Conference of International Air Traffic Operators.

Politics
Farey-Jones held right-wing views and joined the Conservative Party. He was Conservative candidate for Goole at the 1950 general election; he was also chosen to fight Pembrokeshire at the 1951 general election, a seat which the Conservatives hoped to win back from the (then) left-wing Labour MP Desmond Donnelly. However, the Liberal Party decided to field their own candidate, splitting the vote.

Parliament
In the 1955 general election Farey-Jones was adopted for Watford and succeeded in winning the seat from Labour, whose sitting MP John Freeman had retired at the election. In Parliament he became known as a rare speaker, but he supported the invasion of Suez and regretted that the troops were withdrawn. He often spoke about trade union issues, attacking left-wing and communist infiltration of the Electrical Trades Union among others.

Farey-Jones was also known for his international visits. He was a supporter of Spain and in 1958 was given the honour of being made a Knight Commander of the Order of Civil Merit; this was the first occasion since the Spanish Civil War that a Briton had been given this award. He had also visited Yugoslavia in the same year.

Later life
After losing his seat at the 1964 general election, Farey-Jones returned to business. He was made a Master of the Worshipful Company of Horners in 1970.

References
M. Stenton and S. Lees, "Who's Who of British MPs" Vol. IV (Harvester Press, 1981)
Obituary, The Times, 20 February 1974.

External links

1904 births
1974 deaths
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1955–1959
UK MPs 1959–1964
People educated at Queen Elizabeth High School, Carmarthen

Frederick Farey-Jones


Rafe Esquith is an American teacher who taught at Hobart Boulevard Elementary School, in Los Angeles, California, from 1984 until his resignation in 2015 as a settlement with the LAUSD. Many of his students, who were all from a community of poor and immigrant families, started class very early, left late, and typically achieved high scores in standardized tests. Esquith has authored books about teaching and his annual class Shakespeare productions were featured in the 2005 documentary The Hobart Shakespeareans.

His teaching honors include the 1992 Teacher of the Year, for The Walt Disney Company's American Teacher Awards, a Fellowship from Johns Hopkins University, Oprah Winfrey's $100,000 "Use Your Life Award", Parents Magazine's "As You Grow Award", National Medal of Arts, and Esquith was made an honorary Member of the Order of the British Empire.

Life and career
A 1981 graduate of UCLA, Esquith began teaching in 1982 at Ivanhoe Elementary School.  Two years later, he moved to Hobart, the second-largest elementary school in the United States. Most of the school's 850 students come from Central American and Korean families. According to a 2005 report on National Public Radio, 90 percent of his students were living below the poverty level, and all were from immigrant families, with none speaking English as a first language.

The dynamic agenda and intensive curriculum that Esquith had previously applied at Ivanhoe proved to be challenging for his pupils at Hobart. Thus, Esquith was resolved to prove that the students of Hobart were no less capable than those anywhere else, but rather their expectations had not been set high enough.

Esquith's fifth-grade students consistently score in the top 5 to 10 percent of the country in standardized tests. Many of Esquith's students voluntarily start class at 6:30 each morning, two hours before the rest of the school's students.  They volunteer to come early, work through recess, stay as late as 6:00 pm, and come to class during vacations and holidays.

Each April, Esquith's students perform one of Shakespeare's plays as The Hobart Shakespeareans.  They have opened for the Royal Shakespeare Company, have appeared at the Globe Theater in London, were hired by Sir Peter Hall to perform A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Ahmanson Theatre in Los Angeles, and were the subjects of the 2005 documentary The Hobart Shakespeareans.

Controversy
In March 2015 Esquith was placed on leave pending an LAUSD investigation into allegations of misconduct in his classroom. In June Esquith's lawyer Mark Geragos filed a formal complaint against the district, a precursor to a lawsuit. Geragos says that while the district has not clearly outlined the allegations against Esquith, after an "'initial' investigation was found to be meritless, LAUSD has taken it upon itself to manufacture new ways to attempt to defame Mr. Esquith." LAUSD superintendent Ramon Cortines has said "there are serious issues that go beyond the initial investigation." LAUSD later revealed that the investigation had been expanded to include the allegations of sexual abuse of a student in the 1970s who was 8 or 9 at the time, when Esquith was a teenager and employed with an afterschool program at Westside Jewish Community Center. The alleged victim said he did not report the abuse to LAUSD until 2006, and the district then reported them to LAPD. No charges were filed at the time. In October 2015 the school board voted unanimously to fire Esquith.  Documents later obtained by the Los Angeles Times via the California Public Records Act included documentation of email communications with students deemed inappropriate by LAUSD. Soon after Esquith filed a $1 billion class-action lawsuit against the LAUSD on behalf of 2,000 teachers. The lawsuit came after multiple allegations claiming the school district had fired teachers on the brink of retirement in order to save money on retirement benefits. In September 2017 the Los Angeles Unified School District settled the lawsuits with Esquith for an undisclosed sum. As part of the settlement it was agreed that Esquith would receive lifetime health benefits and the satisfaction that the settlement included language intended to better protect the rights of teachers accused of wrongdoing. The settlement went on to state that, "Mr. Esquith has tendered his resignation, effective October 31, 2015, and L.A. Unified has retroactively accepted it."

Books
There Are No Shortcuts (2003)   – published in 2003, this book is a required reading for EDCI 205 (Exploring Teaching as a Career) at Purdue University.
Teach Like Your Hair's on Fire (2007)
Lighting Their Fires: Raising Extraordinary Children in a Mixed-up, Muddled-up, Shook-up World (2009; ) – a slim (208-page) book is addressed to parents but organized around a class trip to Dodger Stadium, with sections revolving around concepts including Punctuality, Focus, Decision Making, Taking Pride in What You Do, Selflessness, Humility, Patience, and Teaching Kids to Grow.
 Real Talk for Real Teachers: Advice for Teachers from Rookies to Veterans: "No Retreat, No Surrender!" (2013; )

References

External links

 The Hobart Shakespeareans Official Website

News Articles
 Washington Post "Better Teachers, Not Tinier Classes, Should Be Goal" 2Mar2009
 NPR "Rafe Esquith Offers His Fiery Teaching Methods" 22Jan2007
 NPR "Inner-City Teacher Takes No Shortcuts to Success" 26Apr2005

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American education writers
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Writers from Los Angeles
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
United States National Medal of Arts recipients
American male non-fiction writers
Schoolteachers from California
21st-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American male writers

Rafe Esquith


Oksana Lushchevska (*17 February 1982, Talne) is a Ukrainian children's books writer, translator, and poet.

Education
Lushchevska is a doctoral student at the University of Georgia, studying children's literature. She completed a master's degree in Russian and Comparative Literature and a Graduate Certificate in Children's Literature from the Pennsylvania State University. She received her B.A. in Ukrainian Language and Literature, English Language and Literature and World Literature from the Pavlo Tychyna Uman State Pedagogical University.

Bibliography

Children's books

About A Whale. Lviv: Old Lion Publishing House, 2014
The Other Home. Lviv: Old Lion Publishing House, 2013
The Caroling Wolf. Kyiv: Bratske, 2013
The Best Friends. Lviv: Old Lion Publishing House, 2012
Salty and Master Chef Tarapata. Kyiv, Grani-T, 2012
Seva and Co. Ternopil, Navchalna Knyha – Bohdan, 2011
Penpals. Lviv: Old Lion Publishing House, 2011
Golden Wheel of a Year. Kyiv: Smoloskyp, 2011
Escape. Kyiv: Grani-T, 2011
Oksana Lushchevska about Christopher Columbus, John Newbery, Charles Darwin, Chaika Dniprova, Pearl S. Buck. Kyiv: Grani-T, 2011
Christmas Stories. Kyiv: Grani-T, 2010
Strange Chimerical Creatures, or Secrets of the Antique Chest. Kyiv: Grani-T, 2009

Awards

 2012 The Great Hedgehog Award Nominee
 2011 Ukrainian Book of the Year Nominee
 2009 Smoloskyp Literary Foundation Award
 2008 Golden Stroke Ukrainian Children's Literature Contest Award
 2007 Granoslov Award

References

 Oksana Lushchevska

External links

 Oksana Lushchevska biography at the Grani-T Publishing House website
 Oksana Lushchevska biography at the Vydavnytstvo Staroho Leva website
 book reviews on the Working Group for Study of Russian Children's Literature and Culture blog

1982 births
Living people
21st-century Ukrainian writers
21st-century Ukrainian women writers
Ukrainian children's writers
Ukrainian women children's writers
Pennsylvania State University alumni
People from Talne

Oksana Lushchevska


In Greek mythology, Oeneus (Ancient Greek: Οἰνεύς, Oineús) was a king of Calydon in Aetolia. He introduced the art of winemaking to the region. He learned it from the god Dionysus.

Family
Oeneus was the son of Porthaon and Euryte. He was the husband of Althaea. Their children were Deianeira (the third wife of Herakles), Meleager, Toxeus, Clymenus, Periphas, Agelaus, Thyreus (or Phereus) Gorge, Eurymede, Mothone, Perimede and Melanippe. Oeneus was also the father of Tydeus by Periboea.

References

People in Greek mythology

Oeneus


The Bishop of Hereford's Bluecoat School (BHBS) is a mixed comprehensive secondary school in the Tupsley district of Hereford, England. It is a voluntary aided school, which takes children from the age of 11 through to the age of 16. It is a Church of England school and is administered by the Hereford Diocese. The current Headteacher of the school is Martin Henton. The immediate past Headteacher was Sara Catlow-Hawkins who retired in 2018. She succeeded Andrew Marson in September 2007. Marson had led the school for 21 years.

The school is divided into four houses which are named after Christian campaigners. The houses are Ashley, Cheshire, Livingstone and Shaftesbury.

History
The school was formed in 1973, which was the year that Herefordshire switched from the tripartite system to a comprehensive education system. The new comprehensive school was formed by the merger of two Church of England secondary modern schools; the Bishop's School, founded in 1958, and the Bluecoat foundation, which dated back to 1710. In 1983 BHBS joined the Woodard Corporation group of Church of England schools.

In September 1997 the Department for Education and Skills (DfES) awarded the school specialist school status as a Technology College. The school was also awarded a further specialism in Languages and was among the first schools to receive training school status in 2000.

Headteachers
Peter Baker 1958–1978 (Bishop's School 1958–1973)
John Chapman 1978–1986
Andrew Marson 1986–2007
Sara Catlow-Hawkins 2007–2018
Martin Henton 2018–present

Notable former pupils
Scott Bemand, rugby union player
 Angela Tooby, Olympic athlete
 Susan Tooby, Olympic athlete
 Rose Ellen Dix, Youtuber

Music
The school has achieved four Artsmark Gold Awards for its Arts provision. It employs twenty-four peripatetic instrumental staff who teach nearly 300 pupils who are regularly entered for National Music Grades (213 pupils have passed a grade, with a quarter of pupils achieving grade 4 – diploma standard)
Specialist professional instrumentalists lead 24 instrumental ensembles which include a Concert Band, Brass Band, Sax Choir, Guitar Group, Orchestra, Viol Consort, Steel Pans, String Ensembles, Ceilidh Band, Flutes Ensembles, Boys Woodwind Quartet, Keyboard Group, guitar group, boys choir, girls choir, a chamber choir, a Parent Staff Choir, a soul band and a Japanese Koto Group.

The school's concert programme has included recent performances by its Chamber Choir in Morocco, instrumentalists and singers performing in Symphony Hall and the Royal Albert Hall as well as in Lichfield, Hereford and Worcester Cathedrals. It performs in the BBC Herefordshire Musicians showcase and achieves numerous accolades from Herefordshire Festival each year.

The school is also an Arts Award Centre, which runs the bronze and silver award as part of its fast track music provision as well as early entry at AS-level.

Sport
The school's most notable sport is rugby union. Teams between Under 12 and Under 16 are fielded most weeks during the winter and spring terms.

The school has achieved a high standard in the Under 15 Daily Mail Cup. Recently reaching the last 32 of the competition three times in five years. The school's best result in the competition was in 2007, when they reached the semi-finals, where they lost to eventual runners-up St Paul's School. The school organises regular tours, and have toured South Africa, New Zealand, France and Canada.

In 2011 the Hereford Times reported that Herefordshire Council were in discussions with developers who wanted to purchase the school's sports field to build 100 houses.

Technology
The school provides one SMART board and/or projector for every classroom which allows teachers to display a computer feed to the students and interact with it using the SMART board pens. (In classrooms that also have SMART Boards)

The school also have specific areas, such as the recently built 'Learning Hub', which contains around 100 computers that students can use during both break-time and lesson time.  The school also provide laptops which can be used in lessons per teacher request, so that students can use Internet resources to complete research tasks.

On 10 November 2022 the school was the target of a cyber attack that led to pupils' information being published online.

References

External links
School website
Ofsted Reports
Department for Children, Schools and Families Performance Tables (GCSE and equivalent)

Schools in Hereford
Educational institutions established in 1973
Woodard Schools
Secondary schools in Herefordshire
Hereford Bluecoat School
1973 establishments in England
Church of England secondary schools in the Diocese of Hereford
Voluntary aided schools in England
Training schools in England
Specialist technology colleges in England
Specialist language colleges in England

Bishop of Hereford's Bluecoat School


Dilation (or dilatation) may refer to:

Physiology or medicine

 Cervical dilation, the widening of the cervix in childbirth, miscarriage etc.
 Coronary dilation, or coronary reflex
 Dilation and curettage, the opening of the cervix and surgical removal of the contents of the uterus
 Dilation and evacuation, the dilation of the cervix and evacuation of the contents of the uterus
 Esophageal dilatation, a procedure for widening a narrowed esophagus
 Pupillary dilation (also called mydriasis), the widening of the pupil of the eye
 Vasodilation, the widening of luminal diameter in blood vessels

Mathematics
 Dilation (affine geometry), an affine transformation
 Dilation (metric space), a function from a metric space into itself
 Dilation (operator theory), a dilation of an operator on a Hilbert space
 Dilation (morphology), an operation in mathematical morphology
 Scaling (geometry), including:
 Homogeneous dilation (homothety), the scalar multiplication operator on a vector space or affine space
 Inhomogeneous dilation, where scale factors may differ in different directions

Chemistry and physics
 Dilation (physics), size increase
 Thermal expansion of crystalline triglycerides is referred to as dilation
 Scale invariance, a feature of objects or laws that do not change if length scales (or energy scales) are multiplied by a common factor
 Time dilation, the observation that another's clock is ticking at a slower rate as measured by one's own clock

Music

 Dilate (Bardo Pond album)
 Dilate (Ani DiFranco album)
 Dilate (musical project), ambient solo project of Vampire Rodents keyboardist Victor Wulf
 Dilation (album), 2011 album by comedian Rory Scovel

See also
 Dilution (disambiguation)

Dilation


In radar-related subjects and in JTIDS, a data mile is a unit of distance equal to 6000 feet (1.8288 kilometres or 0.987 nautical miles). An international mile is exactly 0.88 of a data mile.

The speed of light is 983571056 ft/s, or about one foot per nanosecond.  If it were exactly one foot per nanosecond, and a target was one data mile away, then the radar return from that target would arrive 12 microseconds after the transmission.  (Recall that radar was developed during World War II in America and England, while both were using English units.  It was convenient for them to relate 1 data mile to 12 microseconds, whereas the modern tendency would be to approximate the speed of light as 300,000 km/s.)

References

 http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/DataMile.html

Radar

Data mile


Tombstone Valentine is a studio album released by Wigwam in 1970. While the previous album Hard 'n' Horny was more of a jazz influenced album, Tombstone Valentine in one of their more pop-ish albums. The album sounds more like the records of the "Deep Pop" era (Nuclear Nightclub, Lucky Golden Stripes and Starpose) than the records of the progressive rock era (Hard 'n' Horny, Fairyport and Being).

This is the first album with Pekka Pohjola in the band, replacing bassist Mats Huldén. Guitarist Nikke Nikamo also left after Hard 'n' Horny, but a permanent replacement for him couldn't be found, so Jukka Tolonen of Tasavallan Presidentti plays guitar on some of the tracks. Tombstone Valentine represents the sound they forsook for the next two progressive albums, Fairyport and Being.

Unlike the other Wigwam albums, this was produced by "non-Finnish" producer, the American Kim Fowley. The track "The Dance of the Anthropoids" is not a Wigwam track, but an experimental electronic piece by Erkki Kurenniemi, recorded in 1968 originally. Kim Fowley thought it was so brilliant that it had to be on the album.

Track listing
 "Tombstone Valentine" - 3:03
 "In Gratitude" - 3:44
 "The Dance of the Anthropoids - 1:07
 "Frederick & Bill" - 4:23
 "Wishful Thinker" - 3:44
 "Autograph" - 2:36
 "1936 Lost in the Snow" - 2:09
 "Let the World Ramble On" - 3:19
 "For America" - 4:19
 "Captain Supernatural" - 3:01
 "End" - 3:36

Personnel
Wigwam
 Jukka Gustavson - vocals, organ, piano
 Jim Pembroke - vocals
 Pekka Pohjola - bass, violin
 Ronnie Österberg - drums

Wigwam (Finnish band) albums
1970 albums
albums produced by Kim Fowley
Love Records albums

Tombstone Valentine


The San Bernardino is a torrent which flows through the Italian Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and into Lake Maggiore at Verbania on the Piedmontese (western) shore of the lake.

The origins of its name lie with the Franciscan convent of San Bernardino which was established in 1483 near the mouth of the river, between Intra and Pallanza. The buildings are no longer extant.

Course
The torrent is formed by the confluence of two smaller streams, the Rio Valgrande and the Rio Pogallo, at Ponte Casletto in Val Grande. Its drainage basin comprises the areas of Val Grande and Val Pogallo; its course and its tributaries are characterised by deep ravines and gorges.

The San Bernardino passes through the communes of San Bernardino Verbano (which takes its name from the river), Cossogno and finally Verbania, where it separates the population centres of Pallanza and Intra and falls into Lake Maggiore.

Industrial exploitation
Until the early 1900s the Val Grande and Val Pogallo were an important source of timber and the river was used to transport the trees felled by means of log rolling.

The San Bernardino provided a source of hydropower for the factories which were built along its course and its water was employed in the bleaching processes of the adjacent textile factories. In 1892 Carlo Sutermeister, an industrialist of Swiss origins, constructed the first Italian hydroelectric power station capable of distributing electrical power; it supplied the inhabitants of Intra, Pallanza and other places in the area as well as the factories nearby. Subsequently the power plant of Rovegro was built and today there are three power stations in use on the river.

Recreational uses
Kayaking can be enjoyed in certain tracts of this Alpine torrent and, despite the chilly water, swimming is a popular pastime, especially at the locality Santino. Fishing is allowed, although only for brown trout (Salmo trutta), and only outside the protected reserves which form part of the national park.

Footnotes

Notes
This article originated as a translation of this version of its counterpart in the Italian Wikipedia.

Rivers of the Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola
Rivers of Italy
Rivers of the Alps

San Bernardino (torrent)


The Great Victoria Desert is the largest desert in Australia. It consists of sand dunes, small sandhills, grassland plains, areas with closely packed  pebbles (called desert pavement or gibber plains) and salt lakes. The desert is an Australian IBRA.

The desert covers a large area, about  in the states of Western Australia and South Australia. The distance from east to west is about . It is very dry, getting only between  and  of rain each year. It is surrounded by other very dry areas including the Nullabor Plain to the south, the Gibson Desert to the north, Sturt's Stony Desert to the east. It was named by the explorer Ernest Giles in 1875, after Queen Victoria. Aboriginal people have lived in the desert for more than 24,000 years.

Between 1953 and 1957, the British government exploded nine atomic bombs in the Great Victoria Desert at Maralinga and Emu.

Geography
The area of the Great Victoria Desert is shared roughly equally by the states of South and Western Australia. It is north of the Nullarbor Plain and south of the Musgrave Ranges. The desert is bounded on the west by Laverton and the goldfields and to the east by Coober Pedy and the Stuart Highway.

Environment
The Great Victoria Desert can be very dry and sandy. However, plants and animals still live there. The plants are adapted to the dry, arid climate, otherwise they would not be able to survive. Wallabies, bandy  snakes, lizards, kangaroos and many birds live in the Great Victoria Desert. These animals have also adapted to survive in extreme heat and extreme cold.

References

Deserts of Australia
Ecoregions

Great Victoria Desert


Kenan Malik (born 26 January 1960) is an Indian-born British writer, lecturer and broadcaster, trained in neurobiology and the history of science. As an academic author, his focus is on the philosophy of biology, and contemporary theories of multiculturalism, pluralism, and race. These topics are core concerns in The Meaning of Race (1996), Man, Beast and Zombie (2000) and Strange Fruit: Why Both Sides Are Wrong in the Race Debate (2008).

Malik's work contains a forthright defence of the values of the 18th-century Enlightenment, which he sees as having been distorted and misunderstood in more recent political and scientific thought. He was shortlisted for the Orwell Prize in 2010.

Career
Malik was born in Secunderabad, Telangana, India and brought up in Manchester, England. He studied neurobiology at the University of Sussex and History of Science at Imperial College, London. In between, he was a research psychologist at the Centre for Research into Perception and Cognition (CRPC) at the University of Sussex.

He has given lectures or seminars at a number of universities, including University of Cambridge (Department of Biological Anthropology); University of Oxford (St. Antony's College, Blavatnik School of Government and the Department for Continuing Education); the Institute of Historical Research, London; Goldsmiths College, University of London (Department of Social Anthropology); University of Liverpool (Department of Politics); Nottingham Trent University; University of Newcastle (Department of Social Policy and Sociology); University of Oslo; and the European University Institute, Florence. In 2003, he was a visiting fellow at the University of Melbourne. He is currently Senior Visiting Fellow at the University of Surrey.

As well as being a presenter of Analysis on BBC Radio 4, he has also presented Night Waves, Radio 3's Arts and Ideas magazine. Malik has written and presented a number of TV documentaries, including Disunited Kingdom (2003), Are Muslims Hated? (which was shortlisted for the Index on Censorship Freedom of Expression award, in 2005), Let 'Em All In (2005) and Britain's Tribal Tensions (2006). Strange Fruit was longlisted for the Royal Society Science Book Prize in 2009.

He has written for many newspapers and magazines, including The Guardian, Financial Times, The Independent, Independent on Sunday, Sunday Times, Sunday Telegraph, New Statesman, The New York Times, Prospect, TLS, The Times Higher Education Supplement, Nature, Rising East, Göteborgs-Posten, Bergens Tidende and Handelsblatt. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.

Malik's main areas of academic interest are philosophy of biology and philosophy of mind, scientific method and epistemology, theories of human nature, science policy, bioethics, political philosophy, the history, philosophy and sociology of race, and the history of ideas.

Malik is a Distinguished Supporter of Humanists UK and a trustee of the free-speech magazine Index on Censorship.

Politics

Malik has long campaigned for equal rights, freedom of expression, and a secular society, and in defence of rationalism and humanism in the face of what he has called "a growing culture of irrationalism, mysticism and misanthropy".

In the 1980s, he was associated with a number of Marxist organisations, including the Socialist Workers Party (SWP) and the Revolutionary Communist Party (RCP), and Big Flame.

He was the Red Front candidate in Nottingham East in the 1987 general election. He stood as the RCP's candidate in Birmingham Selly Oak in the general election in 1992, coming last out of six candidates with 84 votes (0.15%). He was also involved with anti-racist campaigns, including the Anti-Nazi League and East London Workers Against Racism. He helped organise street patrols in East London to protect Asian families against racist attacks and was a leading member of a number of campaigns against deportations and police brutality including the Newham 7 campaign, the Afia Begum Campaign Against Deportations, and the Colin Roach Campaign.

Malik has written that the turning point in his relationship with the left came with the Salman Rushdie affair. Much of his political campaigning over the past decade has been in defence of free speech, secularism and scientific rationalism. Malik was one of the first left-wing critics of multiculturalism, has controversially opposed restrictions on hate speech, supported open door policies on immigration, opposed the notion of animal rights in a series of debates with Peter Singer and Richard Ryder, and spoken out in defence of animal experimentation.

Malik wrote for the RCP's magazine Living Marxism, later LM. Although the RCP has since disbanded, Malik has written for later incarnations of LM, and for its online successor, the web magazine Spiked.

In a Guardian opinion piece published during the 2020 US presidential transition, Malik accused president-elect Joe Biden of grifting from his supporters.

Malik has written of his perception that use of white privilege narratives can further entrench white identity by marginalising white British working classes.

Malik commented on the controversy surrounding comments by Whoopi Goldberg in early2022 on the circumstances of The Holocaust and also notes at length that Nazi Germany, when embedding their distorted ideologies into law, drew on legal concepts from prevailing United States legislation.

Awards
Fellow, Royal Society of Arts
Distinguished Supporter, Humanists UK
Shortlisted for George Orwell Book Prize, 2010, for From Fatwa to Jihad: The Rushdie Affair and Its Legacy
3QD Politics and Social Science Prize, 2013, for essay "Rethinking the Idea of 'Christian Europe'"

Works
The Meaning of Race: Race, History and Culture in Western Society (Palgrave / New York University Press, 1996)
Man, Beast and Zombie: What Science Can and Cannot Tell Us About Human Nature (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2000; Rutgers University Press, 2002)
Strange Fruit: Why Both Sides are Wrong in the Race Debate (Oneworld, 2008)
From Fatwa to Jihad: The Rushdie Affair and Its Legacy (Atlantic Books, 2009)
Multiculturalism and Its Discontents: Rethinking Diversity After 9/11 (Seagull Books, 2013)
The Quest for a Moral Compass: A Global History of Ethics (Atlantic Books, 2014)
Not so black and white: A history of race from white supremacy to identity politics (Hurst, 2023)

References

External links

 Personal website
 Pandaemonium blog
 "Bad bargain made in the mosque" by Kenan Malik, The Times, 6 July 2006
 "The Colour-Coded Prescription", transcript, presenter Kenan Malik, Analysis, BBC, 17 November 2005
 Globe of the World, transcript, presenter Kenan Malik, Analysis, BBC, 16 March 2006
 "What hate? - Muslims believe they are under attack from all sides. But racial abuse is being exaggerated to stifle critics of Islam by Kenan Malik, The Guardian, 7 January 2005
 "Multiculturalism and the road to terror", essay by Kenan Malik, Handelsblatt, 3 January 2006, published at kenanmalik.com
 Islamophobia myth, essay by Kenan Malik, Prospect Magazine, February 2005, published at communautarisme.net
 "Too much respect: Liberals argue that a more diverse society requires less diverse opinion. Nonsense", essay by Kenan Malik, Prospect Magazine, 23 March 2006, published at freethinktank.com
 "What is it to be human?", Talk given as part of a debate with Susan Blackmore entitled 'Flesh not Meat: Are we more than matter?' at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, 5 December 2000
 Video (and audio) of interview/discussion with Kenan Malik by Kerry Howley on Bloggingheads.tv

1960 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Sussex
Alumni of Imperial College London
Academics of the University of Sussex
BBC radio presenters
British writers of Indian descent
Writers from Telangana
Critics of postmodernism
English male journalists
English humanists
English neuroscientists
English activists
English broadcasters
English philosophers
English radio presenters
Historians of science
Indian emigrants to England
Revolutionary Communist Party (UK, 1978) members
British science journalists
People associated with The Institute for Cultural Research
Writers from Manchester
People from Secunderabad
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
Articles containing video clips
British republicans

Kenan Malik


The Adventurer (UK title: Michael The Finn; original title Mikael Karvajalka) is a novel by Finnish author Mika Waltari, published in  1948. It is a  fictional tale of a young Finnish man, Mikael Karvajalka (Hairy-foot), set in 16th century Europe. Mikael is portrayed as an intellectual but rather naive person. Beginning life as an orphan bastard, he pursues a better social position with help of friendly people and by means of theological studies, but ends up drifting along through historical events across Europe rather than being able to steer his life himself.

Plot summary
The book begins in the city of Turku and follows Mikael along an adventure throughout Europe and the Mediterranean. The book depicts many actual historical events with a rich style, although Mikael's involvement in the events is fictitious. The historical events and milieu featured in the book include:

Denmark's conquest of Sweden, the Stockholm Bloodbath and eventually the downfall of king Christian II of Denmark.
 Student life at the Sorbonne in Paris at this time.
Protestant reformation and related political unrest in Germany (the Poor Barons' Rebellion and the peasants' war), Luther and Müntzer themselves appearing as side characters.
Spanish monarch sending conquistadors to New World, Mikael almost made to join Pizarro's expedition.
 A witch-hunt conducted by the Inquisition in a small German town, claiming the life of an innocent girl.
Wars in 16th-century Europe and expansion of the Ottoman Empire.
Plundering of Rome (Sack of Rome) during reign of Pope Clement VII

The story is continued in The Wanderer, where the protagonist explores the Ottoman Empire.

Reception
The Mikael duology won the 1950 State Literary Prize of Finland. The Adventurer inspired Jean Auel to start her career as a writer: "It was this story that began to crystallize for me an understanding of the real power of fiction: its ability to make the reader feel. Whatever else a work of fiction may be -- educational, intellectual, literary, narrative -- if it doesn't move the reader, if it doesn't reach inside and grab, it's a waste of the medium and ultimately it fails."

References

1948 Finnish novels
Picaresque novels
Novels set in the 16th century
Novels by Mika Waltari
Finnish historical novels
Novels about orphans
Inquisition in fiction
20th-century Finnish novels
Stockholm Bloodbath
Cultural depictions of Christian II of Denmark
Cultural depictions of Pope Clement VII
Cultural depictions of Martin Luther

The Adventurer (novel)


Karen Jarrett ( Smedley and formerly Angle, born October 12, 1972) is an American  professional wrestling valet and personality currently appearing for All Elite Wrestling (AEW).  She is the former wife of professional wrestler and Olympic gold medalist Kurt Angle and the current wife of AEW wrestler Jeff Jarrett.

She previously served as ringside manager for both Angle and Jeff Jarrett, and later as an on screen authority figure in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA - now Impact Wrestling).

Professional wrestling career

World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (2001, 2004)
Karen was never involved in a storyline of World Wrestling Entertainment while her then-husband Kurt Angle was under contract. She herself was never under contract, but did briefly appear at Unforgiven 2001 as a part of the big celebration with the Angle family following Kurt Angle's victory over Stone Cold Steve Austin for the WWF Championship. She also made an appearance on the WrestleMania XX DVD set in a bonus segment regarding Kurt Angle.

Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2007–2008)

Karen Angle was introduced in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in the summer of 2007 when Samoa Joe and Kurt Angle were feuding for an all-at-once Triple Crown Championship (Kurt held the TNA World Heavyweight Championship, and Joe held the TNA X Division and TNA World Tag Team Championship). Karen was supposedly wanting to divorce Kurt, claiming that he was emotionally abusive toward both her and their children. At the Hard Justice pay-per-view, however, Karen betrayed Joe during his match with her husband, resulting in Kurt winning the Triple Crown (thus turning her heel). In the following weeks, her character began to develop into a manipulative vamp, such as when she claimed that Sting slapped her at No Surrender when, in fact, he had not. This led to Kurt and Sting losing the Tag Team titles to Team Pacman after Kurt executed the Olympic slam on Sting. Another feud then erupted between Kurt Angle and Sting in which Sting had Karen arrested for violating a restraining order and Kurt stalking Sting's son. At Genesis, Karen persuaded A.J. Styles and Tomko into helping Kurt retain the TNA World Heavyweight Championship during the tag team match for the title. In late 2007, Karen began to have issues with Booker T's wife Sharmell, claiming there was only room for one "queen" in TNA (a direct reference to Booker T's and Sharmell's last WWE gimmick, where they were self-proclaimed royalty after Booker won the 2006 King of the Ring tournament). This led to a catfight at the December 12 TNA Impact! tapings. Karen suffered a broken foot after jumping from the apron after an in-ring segment. She did not miss any time as a result of TNA's taping schedule. On the February 14, 2008 episode of Impact!, Karen was scheduled to renew her wedding vows to Kurt, but in the storyline, she was pronounced married to A.J. Styles after the priest, who had just been knocked down by Kevin Nash, awoke and married the two, mistaking Styles for Kurt. Kurt then started to emotionally attack Karen for not ending the "marriage". Later in the year, she proposed to separate from Kurt Angle (kayfabe) which Kurt Angle supported to "concentrate on his upcoming match with Samoa Joe at Lockdown". Since then, hints of a relationship with A.J. were given, after Kurt continued to ignore Karen, even having her ejected from her ringside seat at Lockdown. On the May 22, 2008 episode of Impact!, Kurt Angle asked Karen to the ring to forgive him for not performing his "husbandly duties" and to ask her to come home. Karen then left a begging Kurt in the ring after he pleaded for a second chance.  At the end of Impact!, Karen came to the ring to the aid of A.J. Styles who was being beaten four on one by Booker T, Team 3D, and Tomko. After being ejected, Karen ran to the back to enlist Kurt's aid, who came out with a chair. Kurt threatened the four with the chair, only to turn around and see his estranged wife hugging a bloody AJ. Kurt freaked and hit AJ with the chair, thus prompting the four back in the ring. Team 3D held Karen up while Kurt held AJ's head, yelling at Karen, telling her this was all her fault. Kurt is quoted as saying to Karen, "This is your fault! You deceived me!" On the May 29, 2008 edition of Impact! after being assaulted backstage before his entrance, A.J. ran to the ring to help Karen only to be beat down by Team 3D and Kurt Angle for the second week in a row. Christian Cage came to the ring to aid Styles but was viciously assaulted for his trouble as well. It was then announced that at the Slammiversary pay-per-view it would be A.J. Styles one-on-one with Kurt Angle. Karen then interfered helping A.J. Styles win his match against Kurt Angle at Slammiversary 2008, turning her face again. Shortly thereafter, Angle was given her own interview segment, Karen's Angle on iMPACT.  Her first interview was Kaz on July 24, 2008. On the October 9, 2008 episode of Impact!, it was announced that Karen had to step down as the host of Karen's Angle to focus on her family. Her profile and Knockout photos were taken off TNA's official website, but were put back up a few days later.

Return to TNA (2011, 2015)
On January 10, 2011, TNA announced that Karen would be making her return to the promotion on the January 13 edition of Impact!, appearing beside her new husband Jeff Jarrett, who has recently been feuding with Kurt Angle. In her return appearance Karen confronted Angle just as he was about to attack Jeff, told him that she would not allow him to ruin their personal lives and promised to tell all about their divorce the following week. The following week Karen slapped Kurt, providing a distraction which allowed Jeff to beat him down. On February 13 at Against All Odds Jeff defeated Kurt in a singles match and as a result Angle was forced to walk Karen down the aisle, when she and Jarrett renewed their wedding vows on the March 3 edition of Impact!. On March 3 Angle proceeded to destroy the wedding set with an axe and forced wedding guest, New York Jet Bart Scott to tap out with the ankle lock. On May 15 at Sacrifice, Angle and Chyna, whom Angle had recently brought to the promotion to negate Karen, defeated the Jarretts in a mixed tag team match, after Karen submitted to Chyna. Due to a storyline injury, Karen missed the culmination of Jeff's and Angle's feud at Slammiversary IX and the following Impact Wrestling, which led to the defeated Jarrett leaving the company for a tour of Mexico. On June 18, Karen appeared beside her husband at Mexican promotion Lucha Libre AAA World Wide's (AAA) biggest event of the year, Triplemanía XIX, and provided a distraction, which led to Jeff defeating El Zorro for the AAA Mega Championship. On the September 1 edition of Impact Wrestling!, Eric Bischoff named Karen the new commissioner of the Knockouts Division. On the October 20 edition of Impact Wrestling, Jarrett aligned herself with Gail Kim and Madison Rayne. On the December 15 edition of Impact Wrestling, TNA's authority figure, Sting, fired both Jarretts from TNA as a result of Jeff losing to Jeff Hardy at Final Resolution.

Four years later, Karen, alongside her husband Jeff returned to Impact Wrestling on the June 24, 2015 tapings. Jeff announced that he would be the first entrant in the King of the Mountain match at Slammiversary 2015. Karen turned heel on the August 26 episode of Impact Wrestling when she revealed that she orchestrated the attacks on TNA General Manager Bully Ray and Drew Galloway.  A team of 5 wrestlers from GFW fought against a team of 5 from TNA in a Lethal Lockdown match to determine complete control of TNA.  GFW was unsuccessful when Drew Galloway pinned Brian Myers, thus exiling GFW from TNA.

Family Wrestling Entertainment (2013)
On October 12, 2013, Jarrett appeared at Family Wrestling Entertainment's Grand Prix, where she was named Commissioner.

Global Force Wrestling (2015–2017)
She is the co-founder of Global Force Wrestling.

Second return to Impact Wrestling / Global Force Wrestling (2017)
On January 5, 2017, it was announced that Karen Jarrett had rejoined Impact Wrestling, now under the ownership of Anthem Sports & Entertainment, as executive consultant role running Impact Wrestling. Jarrett returned as a face on the March 23 episode of Impact Wrestling, and was welcomed back by Jeremy Borash, she soon was interrupted by Ethan Carter III and then Josh Mathews. When Mathews said he knew the Jarrets would be gone forever, Karen would slap him ending the show. On the March 30 episode of Impact Wrestling, Jarrett would call out so called leader of the knockouts Sienna and gave her 10 seconds to apologize for her treatment of Allie but was interrupted by a debuting KM, Sienna's cousin who publicly berated Jarrett for asking Sienna to apologize. Jarrett was rescued by Braxton Sutter, who knocked KM out of the ring.  Jarrett made a match between KM and Sutter for later that night. Later on the same night, Jarrett handed Borash a piece of paper for him to announce  a Knockouts battle royal to determine the new number 1 contender to Rosemary's Knockouts Championship. On the April 20 episode Impact Wrestling, Karen Jarrett announced that Impact Wrestling and Global Force Wrestling had merged.

All Elite Wrestling (2023–present)

On May 17, 2023, Jarrett made her debut in All Elite Wrestling (AEW), helping her husband, Jay Lethal, and Satnam Singh attack FTR (Cash Wheeler and Dax Harwood) on Dynamite, and joining Jeff's stable.

Personal life

Karen has two children with her former husband Kurt Angle. In 2008, Karen filed for divorce, which was finalized on October 26, 2008.

Karen was romantically linked to TNA co-founder Jeff Jarrett in 2009. The relationship was said to have started while Kurt and Karen were separated. This resulted in TNA president Dixie Carter placing Jarrett on a leave of absence. The situation was revealed in July 2009 when a caller claiming to be a former TNA employee called the Bubba the Love Sponge Show. On April 6, 2010, Karen announced that she and Jarrett were engaged. Karen and Jarrett were married on August 21, 2010.

During April 2016, the Wrestling Observer Newsletter published a report that Karen was involved in an argument with Lucha Underground announcer Melissa Santos during a WrestleCon in Dallas over the WrestleMania 32 weekend. Details include Santos was complaining about not having a chair to sit on, somehow leading to Karen spitting on her and a confrontation that nearly escalated into a fight. It was reported as early as July 27, 2017, Karen had a confrontation with WWE superstar Braun Strowman in a bar in Nashville. The report described Karen approached Braun with a request for an autograph for her son. Braun allegedly refused to sign an autograph and disrespected Karen with an unspecified but derogatory verbal response. Karen went on to identify her child was the son of then-WWE superstar Kurt Angle, prompting Strowman to apologize. After the story made sports news, Karen went on to state the incident was "blown way out of proportion."

Karen works to spread awareness against leukemia through her social media handles. She has also supported the Black Lives Matter movement.

References

External links

 Karen Jarrett's Impact Wrestling Profile
 Karen Jarrett's GFW Profile
 Lethal Women of Wrestling Profile

1972 births
Professional wrestling managers and valets
Impact Wrestling executives
Living people
People from Greensburg, Pennsylvania
Global Force Wrestling

Karen Jarrett


Han Xian (died 197) was a bandit leader and military general who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

Life
Han Xian was a leader among the White Wave Bandits.

In 195, Emperor Xian, who had been a puppet emperor under the control of the generals Li Jue and Guo Si since 192, managed to escape from their clutches in Chang'an, the imperial capital, and return to the old capital, Luoyang. Li Jue and Guo Si later regretted their decision to let Emperor Xian leave Chang'an, so they led their troops to pursue the emperor.

Yang Feng, a former White Wave bandit, led his troops to fight Li Jue and Guo Si in an attempt to defend the emperor, but lost the battle. He then summoned his old friends, the White Wave Bandits led by Li Le (李樂), Han Xian, Hu Cai (胡才) and others, to come to Emperor Xian's aid. Xiongnu forces led by Qubei also responded to the call and came to help Emperor Xian. They continued on their journey towards Luoyang after that. Li Jue and Guo Si quickly returned with more troops and defeated Yang Feng and killed several officials who fled with Emperor Xian. The emperor escaped across the Yellow River and reached Anyi (安邑).

Around August 196, Emperor Xian returned to Luoyang under the escort of Yang Feng, Dong Cheng and the White Wave bandits. In recognition of their contributions, he appointed Han Xian as General-in-Chief (大將軍) and Colonel-Director of Retainers (司隸校尉). Han Xian and Dong Cheng remained in Luoyang with their troops to protect Emperor Xian. Around the same time, the warlord Cao Cao led his forces into Luoyang, found Emperor Xian, and escorted him to his base in Xu (許; present-day Xuchang, Henan), which became the new imperial capital. Han Xian attempted to stop Cao Cao but was defeated by him in battle, so he fled south to join the warlord Yuan Shu.

After joining Yuan Shu, Han Xian and Yang Feng (who also came to join Yuan Shu) pillaged and looted several counties in Yang and Xu provinces. In 197, Yuan Shu wanted to declare himself emperor and desired to have a neighbouring warlord, Lü Bu, as an ally, so he proposed a marriage between his son and Lü Bu's daughter. However, Lü Bu rejected the proposal after listening to Chen Gui's advice. In anger, Yuan Shu ordered his general Zhang Xun (張勳), with Yang Feng and Han Xian as his subordinates, to lead troops to attack Lü Bu. Lü Bu heeded Chen Gui's suggestion and managed to induce Yang Feng and Han Xian to turn against Yuan Shu. Yang Feng and Han Xian then joined Lü Bu in attacking Yuan Shu's forces, led by Zhang Xun, and defeated the enemy. After driving back Zhang Xun, Yang Feng and Han Xian led their men to pillage several territories until Zhongli (鍾離) before turning back.

Later in 197, they were ordered by Lü Bu to lead their troops to loot the warlord Liu Bei's supplies however Liu Bei successfully lured them into a trap and killed Yang Feng while Han Xian managed to escape. Han Xian left Yuan Shu and headed north back to his native Bing Province. Along the way, he was intercepted and killed by Zhang Xuan (張宣), the Prefect of Shuqiu County (抒秋縣).

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
 Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu).

2nd-century births
197 deaths
Generals during the end of the Han dynasty
Han dynasty people killed in battle

Han Xian (Han dynasty)


"Erotica" is the lead single of Madonna's 1992 album of the same name. The song was released during October 1992. This single caused controversy when it was released because the music and lyrics are suggestive of sexual intercourse. This was thought to be bad by some people and critics.

1992 songs
Madonna (entertainer) songs

Erotica (song)


Neologism is a word that is new (15 to 20 years or less) but older and used more than a protologism. Neologisms are often directly attributable to a specific person, publication, period, or event.   (Greek: a "new word", or the act of creating a new word) is a synonym for it. The term neologism was first used in English in 1772, borrowed from French néologisme (1734).

Using an existing word or phrase in a new context is also called neologism. The process of using a word in such a new context is sometimes called a semantic extension. A new word that has not been used by anyone but the inventer is a protologism.

Use in psychiatry
In psychiatry, the term neologism is used to describe the use of words that have meaning only to the person who uses them, independent of their common meaning. This tendency is considered normal in children. In adults, it can be a symptom of psychopathy  or a thought disorder, such as a psychotic mental illness, for example schizophrenia.  People with autism may also create neologisms. Additionally, use of neologisms may be related to aphasia acquired after brain damage resulting from a stroke or head injury.

Use in theology
In theology, a neologism is a relatively new doctrine (for example, Transcendentalism). In this sense, a neologist is one who proposes either a new doctrine or a new interpretation of source material such as religious texts.

Related pages
Acronym
Portmanteau word

References

Vocabulary

Neologism


Head cheese (Dutch: hoofdkaas) or brawn is a cold cut terrine or meat jelly that originated in Europe. It is made with flesh from the head of a calf or pig (less commonly a sheep or cow), typically set in aspic, and usually eaten cold, at room temperature, or in a sandwich.  Despite its name the dish is not a cheese and contains no dairy products. The parts of the head used vary, and may include the tongue and sometimes the feet and heart but do not commonly include the brain, eyes or ears. Trimmings from more commonly eaten cuts of pork and veal are often used, with gelatin added as a binder.

Variations of head cheese exist throughout Europe and the rest of the world, with differences in construction and ingredients.  A version pickled with vinegar is known as souse. Historically, meat jellies were made of the head of an animal, less its organs, which would be simmered to produce a naturally gelatinous stock that would congeal as the dish cooled. Meat jellies made this way were commonly a peasant food and have been made since the Middle Ages. Modern head cheese recipes may require additional gelatin, or more often need to be reduced to set properly.

Etymology
The English term "head cheese" is a calque derived from the Dutch word hoofdkaas, which literally translates to "head cheese". The term hoofdkaas can be divided into hoofd (head) originating from the animal heads commonly used to prepare the dish, and kaas (cheese) describing the texture, which resembles that of cheese.

Terminology
The term "head cheese" is used in North America, "potted heid" in Scotland, and "brawn" elsewhere in Britain and Australia. The term "souse", a corruption of the German Sülze, is used for the pickled variety in North America and the West Indies.

By country

Europe

 Austria: Head cheese is known as Presswurst, Sulz or Schwartamaga in the most western regions. Depending on the region, it is often served with a light dressing (vinegar, sunflower seed oil or pumpkin seed oil, sliced onions).

 Bulgaria: The meal пача (pacha) is prepared from pig's heads (primarily the ears), legs, and often tongue. The broth is heavily seasoned with garlic before cooling.

 Croatia: This cut is generally known as hladetina, and is commonly produced after the traditional slaughter of pigs. A strongly seasoned version of this cut is called tlačenica. The name švargl is used for a variant where the chopped parts are stuffed inside the pig's stomach, similar to a Scottish haggis.

 Cyprus: made with pork and known as zalatina, a word possibly derived from the English word gelatin. It is often seasoned with lemon juice.

 Czech Republic: The huspenina or sulc (from German Sülze) is made from pig's heads or legs boiled together, chopped, mixed in their broth, poured into a pan, and left in the cold to solidify. Other ingredients may include onion, pepper, allspice, bayleaf, vinegar, salt, carrot, parsley, root celery, and sometimes eggs. A similar product, tlačenka, is basically huspenina with some more meat, chopped liver, and various offal, poured into a prepared pig stomach and left to solidify under the weight. Tlačenka is generally thicker than huspenina, and commonly is eaten with chopped onions and sprinkled with vinegar.

 Denmark, Norway and Sweden: Sylte, sylta or aladåb, was originally made from the head of pig, but now commonly is made from the forequarters or shanks of pork or veal and seasoned with allspice, bay leaves, and thyme; this forms part of the traditional Christmas smörgåsbord, served on rugbrød or lefse with strong mustard and pickled beetroots. A rolled version (Danish/Norwegian: rullepølse, Swedish: rullsylta) made in an otherwise similar way also exists, however this contains very little aspic.

 Estonia: Sült is similar to the German or Croatian dish (the name is a loan, as well), but usually is less seasoned and is made from higher quality meat. Sometimes carrots or greens are added. It is a traditional Christmas dish, but is sold in stores year round. The traditional sült is made from pork using its gelatinous parts. Beef, poultry, and fish variants also are available.

 Finland: Head cheese is known as syltty, tytinä or aladobi.

 France and Belgium: In French, it is referred to as fromage de tête, tête pressée, tête fromagée (which translates as "cheesed head") or pâté de tête.

 Germany: Head cheese is known as Sülze, Schwartenmagen, or Presskopf. In Bavaria, Presssack comes in three varieties (deep red, pinkish, and grey) in the form of a large (15-cm-diameter) sausage. Sülze can have a tangy flavour by adding pickles or vinegar. It usually takes the form of a rectangular loaf, which is then sliced into portions. There is a white coloured variety and two different red ones, using blood, one made with beef tongue (as in Zungenwurst) and aspic, the other without. In Franconia, Saurer Presssack is served in a salad with a vinaigrette and vegetables. Early references to Sulcze in documents of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen date from 1410 and 1430.

When using only pure meat of highest quality (i.e., without fat, gristle or meat of lower quality) it is called Kaisersülze (Emperor's Aspic).

 Greece: In Greece and among Greeks of the diaspora, it is known as pichti "πηχτή" and usually incorporates vinegar.

 Hungary: A variant of head cheese, disznósajt, or disznófősajt (pork cheese or pork head cheese), is made of mixed meat slices (especially from the head of the pig,) spices, paprika, and pieces of bacon cooked in spicy stock. The chopped meat is stuffed into the pig's stomach, similar to Scottish haggis, pricked with needles, then pressed down with weights to remove excess fat and make it tight and compact. Often it is smoked like sausages or ham.

 Iceland: Sviðasulta a form of head cheese, is made from svið, singed sheep's head, sometimes cured in lactic acid.

 Ireland: brawn is considered a rare delicacy and is made from pig's head. It dates from at least the early 19th century CE.

 Italy: In Genoa, a similar cold cut goes by the name of testa in cassetta, literally "head in a box", but it is possible to find it throughout all of  central and northern Italy, where it is called coppa di testa, or simply coppa, soppressata in Tuscany, or – in some northern regions – formaggio di testa (head cheese). In central Italy (Lazio, Umbria), it is common to put orange peel pieces in it, or to serve it in a salad together with oranges and black olives. In the Campania region, the head and foot, called "'O pere e 'o musso", is boiled, left whole and sliced, served with lupini beans and fresh lemon. A version in aspic from Sicily known as "liatina" includes the head, feet, skin and ears, flavored with bay leaf, pepper, vinegar and lemon.

 Latvia: Galerts is similar Latvian food consisting from meat in gelatin, often with vegetables, such as carrots, and celery added to the resulting colloidal suspension. Horseradish or vinegar can be poured over the galerts when serving it.

 Lithuania: Košeliena (deriving from košė (pulp or squash) or šaltiena (deriving from šalta, "cold", and refers to way of serving the dish), is usually made from pig's feet; sometimes part of head is added.

 Luxembourg: Jelli is basically the same as in the neighboring Germany and France, made from pork, and commonly eaten on buttered bread (optionally with mustard). A specialty are varying kinds of pastries filled with Jelli that are made with aspic containing Riesling wine, like most famously the Rieslingspaschtéit.

 Netherlands and Belgium: Head cheese is known under several regional names and variations. In Brabant, it is called zult and is made with blood. Pig's foot provides the gelatin and a little vinegar is added to it. In Limburg, it is called hoofdkaas, meaning head cheese, and is eaten on bread or with Limburgisch sausage as a starter. A red, sweet variety and a slightly sour, grey variety are available. The red one can be compared to Brabantine zult. Both zult and preskop are also found in Limburg, though zult is less sour, whereas preskop often contains black pepper and is eaten on wholewheat bread. In Belgium, head cheese is also called kop or kopvlees, which translates as "meat from the head".

 Poland: The nearest Polish equivalent of head cheese is salceson. According to Słownik Wyrazów Obcych PWN, the word comes from the Italian salsiccione meaning salsiccia di grosse dimensioni. According to Wielka Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN, salceson traditionally is encased in either a pig's stomach or a cow's bladder. Specific varieties include: s. ozorkowy (tongue) which uses beef tongue; s. brunszwicki (Brunswick) which uses liver and is spiced with marjoram; s. włoski (Italian) which is spiced with garlic, black pepper, fennel and cumin seeds; s. czarny (black) which contains blood, semolina and bread crumbs, and can be regarded as a variant of kaszanka.

 Portugal: known as cabeça de xara, it is mainly prepared in the Alentejo region.

 Romania: Two versions of it are tobă (drum) or, especially in Transylvania, caş de cap de porc (pig head cheese, akin to the Hungarian disznófősajt), which looks like a wide, four-inch-diameter, sausage and the marginally similar piftie. This is the same dish as Serbian and Macedonian pihtije, in which the ingredients are poured into a bowl and refrigerated. Piftie is not necessarily head meat, but can be different kinds of meat, boiled with garlic and bay leaves. It is prepared by boiling pig's feet to make a soup, as feet contain more gelatin than any other part of the pig. The mixture is then cooled to make a jelly. Usually, garlic is added.

 Russia: head cheese is a popular food for festive occasions. Beef or lamb head cheese is also popular in the Jewish community. It is more popularly called saltisón (сальтисон), zelts (зельц), or kholodets (холодец).

 Serbia: Head cheese in Serbia is called švargla, and it is particularly popular in northern Serbia, Vojvodina. While each  village has its special recipe, with particular seasoning or special cuts of meat added, the basic švargla is made with pig's tongue, heart, kidneys, skin and meat from the head. The meat is seasoned with paprika, salt, black pepper and garlic. Preparation consists of boiling the ingredients, filling the pig's stomach with them, and boiling the whole filled stomach again. Once the boiling is done, švargla is then pressed under weight, and smoked for several days.

 Slovakia: A special variety of head cheese, called tlačenka (pressed one), is popular in Slovakia. It is made of pork stomach stuffed with offal and leftover parts of pig's heads and legs. It is seasoned with garlic, paprika, black pepper, and other ingredients and usually smoked. It is traditionally served with sliced onion, vinegar, and bread.

Huspenina (also called studeno, meaning "cold one") is similar to a certain extent, but made with less meat and more gelatine. It is more similar to aspic, pork jelly, or hladetina.

 Slovenia: it is known as tlačenka, "pressed-one", or informally as žolca.

 Spain: This cold cut is known as cabeza de jabalí, "boar's head".

 Sweden: Known as sylta, a few variations are available with different meats, spices, and preparation methods, the most popular being kalvsylta (veal brawn), pressylta (pressed pork and veal brawn), and rullsylta (rolled and pressed side of pork). Common seasonings are onions, white pepper, allspice, cloves, salt and bay leaves, and occasionally carrots and herbs are added to the ingredients. Sylta is often regarded as a seasonal food eaten at the julbord at Christmas.
 Switzerland: The recipe is known as sülzli, and it is typically made with chopped ham or pork.

 Ukraine: known as kovbyk, kendiukh or saltseson, head cheese is usually a combination of a variety of pork meats made into a pressed loaf.

 United Kingdom: In England and Wales, head cheese is referred to as brawn or (in Yorkshire and Norfolk) pork cheese. In Scotland, it is known as potted heid (potted head of beef, pork, or sheep); the similar potted haugh or hough is made from the shank of the animal.

Africa
South Africa: Known as sult in Afrikaans and brawn in South African English. It is often flavoured with curry.

Asia
Iran: a common dish for breakfast known as "ckallepache" Or according to common culture kallapch serves in special restaurant: kallepazi. Cooked head of sheep marinated in its oil and cinnamon. Iranians eat it as a heavy dish from about 5:00am.

China: In certain parts of Northern China, such as Beijing, 'pig head meat' is cooked and thinly sliced and served at room temperature. In the Southern parts of China, Xiao Rou (肴肉) is made by boning and pickling pig trotters with brine and alum. The meat is then rolled, pressed and eaten cold. In northeastern China, a jellied pork skin dish is often made and served with a spicy soy sauce and vinegar mixture with crushed garlic and red chili powder.

Korea: In Korean cuisine, a similar dish, pyeonyuk (편육), is made by pressing meat, usually from the head of the pig. It is eaten as anju (dishes associated with alcoholic beverages) or used for janchi (잔치, for feast or banquet).

Vietnam: In Vietnam around Tết, giò thủ is made for New Year celebrations. It is a traditional snack made of fresh pork belly, pig's ears, garlic, scallions, onions, black fungus (mushrooms), fish sauce, and cracked black pepper. Traditionally, giò thủ (pork head meat pie) is wrapped in banana leaves and compressed in a wooden mold until the gelatin in the pig's ears makes it stick together.

Australia
In Australia, it is known as brawn or Presswurst. It is usually seen as something of an old-fashioned dish, although various large firms, such as D'Orsogna, Don Smallgoods and KR Castlemaine produce it.

Caribbean
Souse is pickled meat and trimmings usually made from pig's feet, chicken feet or cow's tongue, to name a few parts. The cooked meat or trimmings are cut into bite-sized pieces and soaked in a brine made of water, lime juice, cucumbers, hot pepper, salt and specially prepared seasonings. Usually it is eaten on Saturday mornings, especially in St. Vincent and Barbados. In Trinidad and Tobago, it is served or sold at most social gatherings, such as parties, all-inclusive fetes and sporting competitions.

Latin America
Head cheese is popular and is usually referred to as queso de cabeza in Chile and Colombia. In Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Costa Rica, it is also known as queso de chancho. It is known as queso de Cerdo in Uruguay and Argentina. In Panama, it is known as sous (from Caribbean English souse), made with pig's feet and prepared the same way as in the Caribbean; it is a dish from the Caribbean coast, where most of Panama's West Indian community resides.

In Brazil, head cheese is popular among the gaucho population and is commonly known as queijo de porco (pig cheese). In the German-colonized cities, such as Pomerode and Blumenau, it follows the German recipe and is known as Sülze.

In Mexico, it is known as queso de puerco and is usually spiced with oregano, vinegar, garlic, and black pepper.

North America
Alberta, Canada: the typical jellied meat available in stores is labelled "head cheese", whether or not it is actually made from the head. The large Eastern European community in the province also has a (declining) tradition of making jellied meat at home, usually from pigs' feet, and this is called studenetz in the local dialect of the Ukrainian language.

Pennsylvania, United States: In the Pennsylvania Dutch dialect, head cheese is called souse. Pennsylvania Germans usually prepare it from the meat of pig's feet or tongue and it is pickled with sausage.

Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, and other portions of the Upper Midwest, United States: Head cheese and sulze are both made from pork snouts and tongues, but head cheese often uses larger chunks of smoked meat, while sulze generally uses unsmoked, chopped meat and has added vinegar and pickles.

Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and other portions of the Deep South, United States: The highly seasoned hog's head cheese is very popular as a cold cut or appetizer. A pig's foot provides the gelatin that sets the cheese, and vinegar is typically added to give a sour taste. It is a popular Cajun food and is often encountered seasoned with green onions. It is called in Louisiana French; fromage de cochon. In Mississippi, Alabama, and other Southern states, it is encountered in a spicy form known as souse or less spicy hog's head cheese.

Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada: Throughout Newfoundland, brawn is typically made from wild game such as moose and caribou.

Ontario, Canada: Commercial, processed versions made with pork are sold in the deli section in some grocery stores in Ontario, such as in the German 'heimat' of Waterloo Region.

Quebec, Canada: Called tête fromagée, it is commonly available in grocery stores and butcher shops along with cretons and terrines.

Prince Edward Island, Canada: Now uncommon and seen as old fashioned. It was common before 1970 and often referred to as Potted head or Potted meat.

New Brunswick, Canada: A spread similar to cretons made from pork head and Boston Butt and seasoned primarily with onion, salt, and summer savory, is often referred to as head cheese.

See also

 Blood tongue
 Pork jelly
 P'tcha

References

The term "head cheese" was mentioned in the first installment of the Texas Chain Saw Massacre franchise.

External links

Lunch meat
Offal
Hungarian cuisine
German cuisine
Romanian cuisine
Bulgarian cuisine
Cuisine of the Southern United States
Chilean cuisine
Scottish cuisine
Czech cuisine
Slovak cuisine
Finnish cuisine
Estonian cuisine
Latvian cuisine
Lithuanian cuisine
Polish cuisine
Smoked meat
Croatian cuisine
Peasant food

Head cheese