Stephen George Comyn (29 December 1764 – 3 March 1839) was an English naval chaplain who served with Lord Nelson at the Battle of the Nile and Battle of Copenhagen. He was a close friend of Nelson and is said to have been his favourite chaplain.

Early life
Comyn was the eldest son of Stephen Comyn a merchant of London and his wife Mary Wilsonn. He attended Westminster School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He took Holy Orders, and became a naval chaplain in 1798 and was posted to .

Naval service
Comyn was thus Nelson's Chaplain at the time of the Battle of the Nile. At the battle the injured Nelson believed he was dying and sent for Comyn. Nelson recovered and following the victory, issued a memorandum to his fleet, "Almighty God having blessed His Majesty's arms with victory, the Admiral intends returning public thanksgiving for the same at 2 o'clock this day and he recommends every ship doing the same as soon as convenient."  Reverend Comyn conducted the service from the quarterdeck of the Vanguard, which made a great impression on a group of captured French officers.

After the battle the Vanguard headed for Palermo in Italy, where Nelson encountered Emma Hamilton and the crew languished there inactive for several months.  On 5 June 1799, Nelson shifted his flag to HMS Foudroyant, with Captain Hardy and five lieutenants, and Comyn accompanied them until 1800. Comyn was on the captured Guillaume Tell until he transferred to  on 24 December 1800.

In Spring 1801 the British Fleet was in the Baltic for the attack on the Danes at Copenhagen where Comyn was chaplain on Nelson's ship, HMS St George. Nelson transferred to HMS Elephant for the battle, but it is not known if Comyn accompanied him.

Land service
As he was reaching the end of his service with the Navy, Comyn approached Nelson with a request for a living ashore and he became Vicar of Bridgham Norfolk in 1802 and later of Brunstead Norfolk . A letter from Nelson to him dated 24 June 1801 congratulated him on his appointment and ended in a postscript in Emma Hamilton's handwriting Joy joy to you & Mrs Comyn my dear sir.

Comyn married Charlotte Carter of Rochester, Kent and their second son, born in 1806 was called Horatio Nelson William Comyn. Comyn died at Brunstead and was buried in the north-east corner of the chancel'. Comyn's brother Henry Comyn was also a clergyman and as curate of Boldre, Hampshire, is noted for conducting a very early census of the New Forest. His great nephew William Leslie Comyn was a pioneer builder of concrete ships in California during the First World War.

References

1764 births
1839 deaths
People educated at Westminster School, London
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Royal Navy chaplains
19th-century English Anglican priests
Horatio Nelson
English military chaplains
Napoleonic Wars chaplains

Stephen George Comyn


Prof. Šerbo Rastoder, PhD (; born 13 August 1956 in Radmanci, Berane, People's Republic of Montenegro, then a part of the SFR Yugoslavia) is a Montenegrin historian of Bosniak ethnicity. He is also an author, writing about the history of Montenegro and about a few specific parts in Montenegro's history. He is a member of the Doclean Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bosniak Academy of Sciences and Arts and Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Šerbo Rastoder is the long-term President of the National Council of Montenegro.

Biography
Šerbo Rastoder was born in Radmance, a region in northern Montenegro encompassing parts of the municipalities of Berane and Bijelo Polje to a Bosniak family. He completed elementary and high school in Bar. He graduated at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy in 1981. He competed master (1987) and doctoral (1993) studies at the same institution. He currently works as a professor, teaching in the University of Montenegro, Faculty of Philosophy in Nikšić. He is also a Director and Editor-in-Chief of the Podgorica-based Almanah association. His cousin Rifat Rastoder is a former Deputy Speaker of the Parliament of Montenegro and vice-President of the Social Democratic Party of Montenegro (SDP).

Works
Dr. Nikola Dobrečić, arcibiskup barski I primaš srpski (1872-1955), Život i djelo, Released: 1991 in Budva
Životna Pitanja Crne Gore 1918-1929, Released: 1996 in Bar
Političke Borbe u Crnoj Gori 1918-1929, Released: 1996 in Belgrade
Skrivana Strana Istorije, Crnogorska Buna i Odmetnički Pokret 1918 - 1929, Parts I - IV, Released: 1997 in Bar
Političke Stranke u Crnoj Gori 1918-1929, Released: 2000 in Bar
Janušovo Lice Istorije, Released: 2000 in Podgorica
Uloga Francuske u Nasilnoj Aneksiji Crne Gore - Edited by Šerbo Rastoder, Released: 2000 in Bar
Crna Gora u Egzilu, Parts I and II, Released: 2004
History of Montenegro, from Ancient Times to 2003 - co-author (wrote Part II of book), Released: 2006 in Podgorica
Istorijski Leksikon Crne Gore - co-author, Released: 2006

External links
Almanah
Biography at SANOPTIKUM - Culture, Art and Society of Bosniaks of Serbia and Montenegro

References

1956 births
Living people
People from Berane
Bosniaks of Montenegro
Montenegrin Muslims
Montenegrin historians
Montenegrin writers
Montenegrin male writers
Bosniak writers
University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy alumni

Šerbo Rastoder


Burton Mere Wetlands () is a nature reserve on the Dee Estuary straddling the border between Cheshire, England and Flintshire, Wales. It is run by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) and incorporates the older Inner Marsh Farm reserve. It lies near the village of Burton, about  south of Neston. It has all been developed by the RSPB and includes a large area of mixed wetland habitats, bluebell woodlands, and arable fields all managed to attract wildlife.

The reserve is open from 9am until 9pm (or dusk if sooner) and the reception hide is open from 9:30am until 5pm. There is a charge for non-members of the RSPB.

History

The site consisted of tidal mudflats until the late 19th century when it was reclaimed during the building of the Wrexham to Bidston railway line. The resulting land was used for grazing and duck shooting and was later used for arable farming.

The RSPB bought land for the original Inner Marsh Farm reserve in 1986 and the reserve opened in June 1992. Three shallow, freshwater pools were created as well as a footpath leading to a hide overlooking the pools. Because of restrictions from the local council, the RSPB did not publicise the reserve and access was originally for members only. The reserve was closed on Tuesdays for essential maintenance. There was a small car park at the end of an untarmacked road, signposted for Burton Point Farm, off Station Road.

The reserve was enlarged by the purchase of land at Burton Marsh Farm in 2006 and Burton Mere Fisheries in 2008. New wetland areas were created along with additional visitor facilities including a reception hide, toilet block and a new entrance and car park. The reserve was renamed Burton Mere Wetlands in September 2011 when the new section was officially opened by the television presenter and naturalist Iolo Williams. Further paths and screens including a path linking the old and new sections of the reserve were opened in April 2014.

In March 2022 a fire broke out on the Neston reedbed section of the nature reserve, the result of a suspected arson attack, burning ten hectares of the marsh.

Wildlife
Birds include a variety of waders through the winter and migration seasons including significant numbers of black-tailed godwit, spotted redshank, greenshank and ruff. Winter also brings many ducks including pintail, shoveller, teal and wigeon, as well as small numbers of Bewick's swan and whooper swan. Birds of prey can be seen over the marsh, from the reserve or from nearby Denhall Lane; these include short-eared owl, hen harrier, marsh harrier, merlin, kestrel and peregrine falcon.

Breeding birds include good numbers of nationally declining waders such as lapwing and redshank. Avocet also breed on the new pools. Yellow wagtail, skylark, sedge warbler, reed warbler, lesser whitethroat, grasshopper warbler and reed bunting all occur. A colony of little egrets and grey herons breeds in a nearby wood. Western cattle egret bred after an influx in 2017, and nesting attempts by great egret and Eurasian spoonbill were observed in subsequent years. Ten pairs of Mediterranean gulls nested on the reserve in summer 2019.

Mammals on the reserve include harvest mouse, water vole and European hare. Daubenton's bats feed over the wetlands. Insects include the wall brown butterfly and the red-eyed damselfly.

The pools on the reserve are surrounded by reedmace, sea club-rush, grey club-rush, soft rush and hard rush. Areas of damp grassland contain marsh foxtail, floating sweet-grass, creeping bent and soft rush. Wild flowers include marsh marigold and fleabane. Whilst wild orchids such as southern marsh orchid can be found in abundance, bee orchids are also present.

References

External links
 RSPB Burton Mere Wetlands web page
 The RSPB Dee Estuary Website
 The Dee Estuary Website

Geography of Flintshire
Landforms of Flintshire
Wetlands of Wales
Nature reserves in Cheshire
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds reserves in England
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Cheshire
Landforms of Cheshire
Wetlands of England
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Clwyd
Tourist attractions in Flintshire
Burton (near Neston)

Burton Mere Wetlands


The aim of syndicalism was to organize strikes to abolish capitalism; not to supplant it with state socialism, but rather to build a society of working class producers. National syndicalism is a system that workers and employers elect representatives to form syndicates/corporations which manage worker and employer relationships rather than strikes. It's also used by the state to ask industries to help specific projects.

The Spanish Syndical Organization (OSE) was the only legal trade union in Francoist Spain. It was under government control. It was inspired by the ideas of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, who thought that class struggle would be ended by grouping together workers and owners according to corporative principles. At the very beginning of the Franco's regime, wages were directly fixed by the state and only later could workers and employers agree upon their wages through the OSE. Strikes were forbidden. Firing a worker was very expensive and hard. Previous unions, like the anarchist CNT and the socialist UGT, were outlawed and driven underground. Joining the OSE was required for all employed citizens. Other trade unions were forbidden and strongly repressed.

Fascism

National syndicalism


In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues. However, the further back in geological time sediments were deposited, the more likely that direct modern analogues are not available (e.g. banded iron formations).

Types of depositional environments

Continental

  – type of Fluvial deposit. Caused by moving water in a fan shape (Alluvial Fan) and containing mostly impermeable and nonporous sediments well sorted.
 . Often in deserts and coastal regions and well sorted, large scale cross-beds
  – processes due to moving water, mainly streams. Common sediments are gravel, sand, and silt.
  – processes due to moving water, mainly lakes. Common sediments are sand, silt, and clay.

Transitional

  (possible cross beds, ripple marks) Common sediments are sand, silt, and clay.
  – processes due to tidal currents, creates tidal flats (fine-grained, ripple marks, cross-beds). Common sediments are silt and clay
 . Little transportation, creates lagoon bottom environment. Common sediments are carbonates (in tropical climates).
 . Caused by waves and longshore currents. Creates beaches, spits, and sandbars with the common sediments of gravel and sand.

Marine

  – processes due to waves and tidal currents, creates shelves and slopes, lagoons. Common sediments are carbonates (in tropical climates) or sand, silt, and clay (elsewhere)

  (abyssal plains) caused by ocean currents. Common sediments are clay, carbonate mud, silica mud.
  caused by waves and tidal currents. Also creates adjacent basins. Common sediments are carbonates.

Others

Till – angular to rounded grains, poorly sorted, unstratified (massive)
Outwash – ripple marks, cross-beds, similar to stream channel

Recognition of depositional environments in ancient sediments

Depositional environments in ancient sediments are recognised using a combination of sedimentary facies, facies associations, sedimentary structures and fossils, particularly trace fossil assemblages, as they indicate the environment in which they lived.

References

 Harold G. Reading. 1996. Sedimentary Environments: Processes, Facies and Stratigraphy. Blackwell Publishing Limited.

External links
 Sedimentary Environments Classification Charts
 Depositional environments on e-notes

Sedimentology
Deposition (geology)

Depositional environment


Deep Learning Studio is a software tool that aims to simplify the creation of deep learning models used in artificial intelligence. It is compatible with a number of open-source programming frameworks popularly used in artificial neural networks, including MXNet and Google's TensorFlow.

Prior to the release of Deep Learning Studio in January 2017, proficiency in Python, among other programming languages, was essential in developing effective deep learning models. Deep Learning Studio sought to simplify the model creation process through a visual, drag-and-drop interface and the application of pre-trained learning models on available data.

Irving, TX-based Deep Cognition Inc. is the developer behind Deep Learning Studio. In 2017, the software allowed Deep Cognition to become a finalist for Best Innovation in Deep Learning in the Alconics Awards, which are given annually to the best artificial intelligence software.

Deep Cognition launched version 2.0 of Deep Learning Studio at NVIDIA's GTC 2018 Conference in San Jose, CA.

Fremont, CA-based computing products supplier Exxact Corp provides desktop computers specifically built to handle Deep Learning Studio workloads.

Features
Deep Learning Studio is available in two versions: Desktop and Cloud, both of which are free software. The Desktop version is available on Windows and Ubuntu. The Cloud version is available in single-user and multi-user configurations. A Deep Cognition account is needed to access the Cloud version. Account registration is free.

Deep Learning Studio can import existing Keras models; it also takes a data set as an input.

Deep Learning Studio's AutoML feature allows automatic generation of deep learning models. More advanced users may choose to generate their own models using various types of layers and neural networks.

Deep Learning Studio also has a library of loss functions and optimizers for use in hyperparameter tuning, a traditionally complicated area in neural network programming.

Generated models can be trained using either CPUs or GPUs. Trained models can then be used for predictive analytics.

Deep Learning Studio has been cited for being a user-friendly deep learning tool.

See also
 Artificial intelligence
 Artificial neural network
 Data mining
 Deep learning
 Machine learning
 Predictive analytics

References

External links
Official website
Official blog

Deep learning software

Deep Learning Studio


A falchion (; Old French: fauchon; Latin: falx, "sickle") is a one-handed, single-edged sword of European origin. Falchions are found in different forms from around the 13th century up to and including the 16th century. In some versions, the falchion looks rather like the seax and later the sabre, and in other versions more like a machete with a crossguard.

Types

The blade designs of falchions varied widely across the continent and over time. They almost always included a single edge with a slight curve on the blade towards the point on the end and most were also affixed with a quilloned crossguard for the hilt in the manner of the contemporary arming swords. Unlike the double-edged swords of Europe, few actual swords of this type have survived to the present day; fewer than a dozen specimens are currently known.  A number of weapons similar to the falchion existed in Western Europe, including the Messer, hanger and the backsword. Two basic types of falchion can be identified:

Cleaver falchions
One of the few surviving falchions (the Conyer's falchion) is shaped very much like a large meat cleaver or machete. This type is also illustrated in art.  The type seems to be confined to the 13th and 14th centuries. However apart from the profile they present a very thin blade, often only  thick spines,  from the point with a slight taper leading near to the edge before dropping into a secondary bevel which brings the blade to a very acute edge while maintaining some durability. Current theories are that they were the anti-cloth armour weapon of the day.

Cusped falchions
The majority of the depictions in art reflect a design similar to that of the großes Messer. The Thorpe Falchion, a surviving example from England's 13th century, was just under  in weight. Of its  length,  are the straight blade which bears a cusped or flare-clipped tip similar to the much later kilij of Turkey. This type of sword continued in use into the 16th century.

Other falchions

In addition, there are a group of 13th- and early 14th-century weapons sometimes identified with the falchion. These have a falchion-like blade mounted on a wooden shaft  long, sometimes ending in a curve like an umbrella. These are seen in numerous illustrations in the mid-13th-century Maciejowski Bible.

Elmslie Typology
Produced by bladesmith and historian James Elsmlie, this typology continues seeks to systematically classify medieval single edged swords, in a similar fashion to how the Oakeshott typology addresses double edged swords of the same period. The Emslie typology covers all types of single edged swords from the period, which encompasses all types of falchion, as well as similar sword types such as falcastro, messers, tessak, storta, early sabres, as well as transitional forms. For more information see Elmslie Typology

Status
An unsolved mystery exists as to why there is such a large discrepancy between the frequency of falchions in period art, contrasted with the amazingly few surviving falchions from the medieval period. Currently, there are less than 30 confirmed surviving medieval falchions, contrasted with the thousands of straight double edged swords from the same period. Current research by James Elmslie suggests that the overrepresentation in medieval artwork may be a form of artistic short-hand to convey certain meanings, such as indicating who the story enemies are, as falchions are overrepresented in 'villainous' characters, such as biblical enemies, or non-Christian barbarians.

Falchions are sometimes misunderstood and thought of as being similar to machetes; however, the ancient falchions that have been discovered are very thin and on average, lighter than a double-edged blade. These weapons were therefore not cleaving or chopping weapons similar to the machete, but quick slashing weapons more similar to shamshir or sabres despite their wide blade.

Unlike Central European messers, and smaller fighting knives such as tesak which could be of very crude construction and at times were popular among the peasantry, surviving Falchions display high levels of craftsmanship, often times with intricately decorated pommels of bronze, and may feature inscribed blades of latten. While some forms of falchions may blur the line between sword and tool (in particular early forms Lombardy), and are depicted being used by common infantry, surviving examples are shown to be handsome weapons of status; the Conyers falchion belonged to a landed family, and the falchion is shown in illustrations of combat between mounted knights. Some later falchions were ornate and used by the nobility; there is an elaborately engraved and gold plated falchion from the 1560s in the Wallace Collection, engraved with the personal coat of arms of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany.

Popular culture
 A falchion was used by the Minotaur General Otmin, leader for the White Witch's army in The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe.
 In Sailor Moon, Sailor Uranus' Space Sword is themed after a falchion.
 In Brisingr, Eragon uses a falchion after he loses his first sword, Zar'roc, in the climactic battle of Eldest. The weapon is suggested to him on the basis that he has learned to fight with a weapon impervious to damage, and thus requires a weapon more durable against edge damage. Nonetheless, the falchion is later shattered in a fight, and is replaced by Eragon's third and final sword, Brisingr.
 In the Fire Emblem series, several games feature a magical sword named Falchion. However, the swords themselves feature the more common medieval straight double-edged blade.
 In the video game Dungeons and Dragons Online, the falchion is a curved blade wielded with two hands rather than one.

References

External links
The Falchion sword – a wonderful curved sword

European swords
European weapons
Medieval European swords
Renaissance-era swords
Single-edged swords
Medieval blade weapons

Falchion


Live on Long Island 04-18-80 is a 2-CD set recorded by The Marshall Tucker Band at Nassau Coliseum and is the final recording of bassist and founding member Tommy Caldwell, occurring just ten days before his death in an automobile accident. Tommy Caldwell is pictured on the album cover. This is the first CD to feature a complete concert recording from the original band. However, the album wasn't released until 26 years later. The band was touring in support of their album Tenth at the time of this recording and features the songs "It Takes Time" and "Cattle Drive" from that release as well as classics such as "Heard It in a Love Song", "Searchin' for a Rainbow" and "Can't You See".

Track listing
All songs by Toy Caldwell, except where noted.

Disc one
"Running Like the Wind"
"Last of the Singing Cowboys" (George McCorkle)
"It Takes Time"
"Cattle Drive" (Toy and Tommy Caldwell)
"See You One More Time"
"Sing My Blues" (Toy and Tommy Caldwell)
"Take the Highway"
"Heard It in a Love Song"
"Ramblin'"

Disc two
"Fire on the Mountain" (McCorkle)
"In My Own Way"
"Desert Skies"
"24 Hours at a Time"
"Can't You See"
"Searchin' for a Rainbow"
"This Ol' Cowboy"

Personnel
Toy Caldwell - guitar, steel guitar, vocals
Tommy Caldwell - bass guitar, vocals
Doug Gray - lead vocals
George McCorkle - guitar
Paul Riddle - drums
Jerry Eubanks - flute, saxophone, vocals

Production
Producer: Doug Gray
Recording engineer: Buddy Strong at Southeastern Sound Studios
Art direction: Sandy Tanaka
Mastered by Keith Blake at Pacific Mastering

Marshall Tucker Band albums
2006 live albums

Live on Long Island


Jane Broadbent is the Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Provost of Roehampton University.

Broadbent was born on 3 March 1952 in Barnsley, England. Prior to her appointment at Roehampton University, Broadbent held the position of Senior Vice-Principal (Academic Affairs) at Royal Holloway, University of London.

Her published academic work includes more than 60 refereed publications and has focussed on performance management, with particular reference to the UK public sector and the Private Finance Initiative (PFI). Her work has been funded by the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants and the Australian Research Council.

She is editor of the journal Public Money and Management and holds the following positions:

 Vice-Chair, Research Board of Association of Chartered Certified Accountants
 Associate editor, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal
 Associate editor, British Accounting Review
 Associate editor, Journal of Accounting & Organisational Change
 Editorial Board Member, Critical Perspectives on Accounting

References

Living people
Academics of the University of Roehampton
Academics of Royal Holloway, University of London
1952 births
People from Barnsley

Jane Broadbent


Vijay Bose (21 September 1927 – 17 February 2014) was an Indian theatre director and actor, who also served at All India Radio (AIR), Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad) from 1949 till his retirement in 1989, and is known for his radio plays and children's programmes like Bal Sangh and Aao Bachchon, where did the role of Bade Bhaiya (Elder brother), which later became his nickname. He formed his theatre group, North Indian Theatrical Association (NITA) in 1949, with the help of some radio artistes, where not just acted but also went on directplays written by playwrights like Sharat Chandra Chatterji, Rabindranath Tagore, Kamaleshwar and Upendra Nath 'Ashk'.

Early life
Vijay Bose was born in Haridwar. His father Late H. D. Bose was a Station Master. His mother was a house wife. Due to not having any interest in studies, he left his parents place for a livelihood at Lyallpur, now Faisalabad in Pakistan, and joined as a Fitter in Lyallpur Cotton Mill, where off time he participated in  extracurricular activities in the cotton mill's recreation club. There he was with Sh. O. P. Sharma (Mantriji) director of the dramatic club. From that place he was bitten by the bug of dramatics.

Career
After he came back from Layallpur he auditioned in Lucknow All India Radio as Drama Voice in 1947 and got selected in very first attempt.  At Lucknow after participating in many radio plays for about two years as a casual artist. In 1949 when Allahabad All India Radio Station was established the then Asstt. Station Director Sh. Sunil Bose ji called him here at Allahabad and Vijay Bose Joined as a permanent staff artist.

Bose served AKASVANI Allahabad for 40 years. In his 40 years stay at Akaswani Allahabad many famous poets and play writers such as Pt. Sumitra Nandan Pant, Dr. Ram Kumar Verma, Girja Kumar Mathur, Upendra Nath Ashk, Amrit Lal Nagar, Mahadevi Verma, Dr. H. R. Bachchan,Cine Actor Prithviraj Kapur Ji & C V Rao etc. had blessed Vijay Bose from time to time for his excellent voice texture and directing ability.

During his 40 years tenure of Akashvani Allahabad, he participated and directed about 1500 plays and also ably handled Children's Programme BALSANGH from there he was famous as `BARE BHAIYA'. Apart from his day to day AKASVANI job he also established a drama troupe in Allahabad city in 1950, its name was North Indian Theatrical Association. He directed many famous plays like `Biraj Bahu', `Anarkali',`Alagh Alagh Raste' `Bhartendu Harishchandra', `Adhuri Awaj', & `Parda Uthao parda girao'

During 40 years tenure of AKASVANI Allahabad and the North Indian Theatrical Association period few names are mentioned here who ably associated with Vijay Bose 'Bare Bhaiya' – Sri. Kaushal Bihari Lal, Sri. K.B. Lal, Smt. Shobha Berry (VOA), Chandramohan Sharma (UP Sangeet Natak Academy), Sri. Raja Zutshi, Sri. Palok Bose (retired justice), Late Devbrata Dixit (ex-commissioner Mirjapur), Sri. Ram Chandra Gupta, Dr. Niraj Tripathi etc.

Personal life and death
Vijay Bose was married to Aparna. They had two sons; Kamal and Sanjai, and two daughters; Keya and Kuhu.

Bose died in Prayagraj on 17 February 2014, at the age of 86.

Awards
  UP Sangeet Natak Academy (Lucknow, 2001)
  Bengali, social & cultural Association (Allahabad, 2003)
  Vishwa Ranga Mancha Divas (Samman-NCZCC, 2011)

References

1927 births
2014 deaths
Indian male radio actors
Indian theatre directors
Male actors from Prayagraj
All India Radio people
People from Haridwar
Male actors from Uttarakhand

Vijay Bose


Neilston or Neilstoun is a clachan an pairish in East Renfrewshire in the wast lawlands o Scotland. Neilston is on the Watter Levern, soothwast o Barrheid, sooth-soothwast o Renfrew, an sooth o Paisley, at the soothwastarn lip o Greater Glesga. Mair nor 5,000 fowk bides in the clachan o Neilston.

Cotton factories an textile mills becam employers o mony fowk in Neilston an the local airt.

Soorces

Touns in East Renfrewshire
Places o Scotland

Neilstoun


Reichardia tingitana is a species of plant in the family Asteraceae that is distributed primarily throughout Mediterranean and West Asia. It is known by the common name false sowthistle.

Description
The leaves have an alternate arrangement and are entire with serrated margins. No stipule is present on the petiole.

An annual plant, its flowering period is from March to May. Like most angiosperms, its flowers are hermaphroditic. The petals are of a yellow color.

Main habitat
As a glycophyte, it is accustomed to growing in saline soils. Arid deserts and shrub-steppes are its most common habitats. It also grows well in sandy depressions in the Middle East.

In France, it is a naturalized species. Another country it has been introduced to is Australia, where it is commonly recognized as a minor weed. There its main habitats are urban sites, coastal dunes and alluvial plains.

It has been recorded in Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and eastern Saudi Arabia. Common names for it in Arabia are , , and . Uses in folk medicine have been recorded in the Middle East, its leaves being used to treat ailments such as constipation, colic and inflamed eyes.

References

External links

Cichorieae
Halophytes
Flora of North Africa
Flora of France
Flora of Spain
Flora of Israel
Flora of Palestine (region)
Flora of Cyprus
Flora of Australia
Flora of Bahrain
Flora of Kuwait
Flora of Qatar
Flora of Saudi Arabia

Reichardia tingitana


Llewellyn Xavier OBE (born 12 October 1945) is a Saint Lucian artist.

Biography
Xavier left Saint Lucia for Barbados in 1962, working as an agricultural apprentice for a time.  A friend gave him a box of watercolors, and he was soon drawn to art.  His first exhibition was a great success, and soon his reputation was established.  In 1968, Xavier moved to England, where he became a pioneer in the field of mail art. He enrolled in the school of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, in 1979, and for a time was a Cistercian monk in Montreal. After a time, he left the monastery, marrying and returning to Saint Lucia in 1987.

Probably Xavier's most important work to date is a large cycle of collages created around 1993.  Titled Global Council for Restoration of the Earth's Environment, it was first shown at the Patrick Cramer Gallery in Geneva in May of that year. The collages incorporate all manner of recycled materials, including naturalist prints from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and postage stamps from many countries.  They also include signatures of various world leaders of environmentalism and of a number of conservationists.

Xavier is also well known for his oil paintings, characterized by multicolored pearls of paint applied to the surface of the canvas using a series of special tools, a technique developed over the past few decades. The brilliant palettes of the paintings draw inspiration from the Caribbean environment in which Xavier lives and works. During his lengthy career, Xavier has also produced drawings, watercolors and mixed media works.

Xavier received the OBE in 2004 in recognition of his contributions to the art of the Commonwealth. He is the founder of the Saint Lucia Sculpture Park, intended to bring public art to the landscape of the island.

Xavier's work is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the American Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Victoria and Albert Museum, among others.

In 2016 he was honored with a solo exhibition at Phillips in New York. On the occasion of the exhibition, Edward Dolman, the CEO of Phillips, called Xavier "one of the greatest artists ever to emerge from the Caribbean…a dynamic voice in the dialogue between globalization and localism."

References
Veerle Poupeye, Caribbean Art,  London: Thames and Hudson, 1998.

External links
Llewellyn Xavier - website
Unix Gallery
Saint Lucia Sculpture Park

1945 births
Living people
Saint Lucian artists
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
Collage artists
20th-century painters
21st-century painters
20th-century male artists
21st-century male artists

Llewellyn Xavier


Area code 601 is an area code for Mississippi. It was one of the primary area codes ever created in 1947. It initially covered the entire state of Mississippi, but after it was split by 228 in 1997 and 662 in 1999, it now covers the central and southern portions of the state. The towns 601 consists of include its capital city, Jackson. It was overlaid by 769 in 2006.

601
Mississippi

Area code 601


WINLAB is the Wireless Information Network Laboratory, a research laboratory at Rutgers University, that is dedicated to research in a number of disciplines related to wireless communications. It consists of a number of faculty members from the Computer Science and Electrical & Computer Engineering departments at Rutgers University and research scientists. It is housed on a separate facility, away from the main engineering campus of Rutgers University (Busch Campus). The lab is famous for a pioneering early work during the development of cellular networks. It also houses the ORBIT testbed, the largest indoor wireless testbed of its kind in the world, housing more than 1200 radio nodes in a single room. The laboratory has approximately 40 PhD students, 20 MS students, and 2 Undergraduate students advised by approximately 20 full-time professors. WINLAB is funded by grants from its industry sponsors, the National Science Foundation, as well as Rutgers University and other agencies.

Evolution of Research in WINLAB
WINLAB was founded by Prof. David Goodman in 1989 as an industry-university cooperative research center focusing on wireless technology. During the founding years of WINLAB, analog cellular telephony was the leading technology in the market. The research addressed fundamental issues in mobility due to switching, signaling and effects of power control and coding in CDMA systems. WINLAB researchers were one of the earliest to work on issues related to packet transmission in  cellular wireless networks. Over the years, research in WINLAB has evolved to meet the challenges in wireless, in both theoretical and practical aspects. The research projects in WINLAB are mainly driven by sponsors companies and the wireless industry in general. In the year 2001, Prof. Dipankar Raychaudhuri took over as the director of WINLAB.

Industry Advisory Board research reviews
The Industry Advisory Board (IAB) research reviews are a regular bi-annual feature in WINLAB research schedule. Each research review session is based on a theme of research. WINLAB faculty and students showcase their work in these meetings. The program includes overview talks, guest lectures, student talks, demonstrations and poster sessions. The sponsor companies are given status updates on the various research projects going on in WINLAB.

References

External links
Official website
Rutgers University, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department (ECE)
Rutgers University, Computer Science Department (CS)

Rutgers University
University and college laboratories in the United States
Wireless
Wireless network organizations

WINLAB (Rutgers University)


Blair Lent (January 22, 1930 – January 27, 2009), who sometimes wrote as Ernest Small, was an American illustrator and writer of children's books, perhaps best known for those with Chinese themes such as Tikki Tikki Tembo (1968). He won the 1973 Caldecott Medal for U.S. picture book illustration, recognizing The Funny Little Woman by Arlene Mosel. Lent used a wide range of techniques in his illustrations, including acrylic painting, cardboard cutouts, colored pencil and ink and wash.

Born in Boston, Lent attended the Boston Museum School where he graduated with a degree in art in 1953, after which he went to Italy and Switzerland on a study grant. He worked for the Container Corporation of America designing labels for cans and worked for the Bresnick Advertising Company where he designed bank advertisements.

After receiving positive feedback from a juvenile-books editor at Atlantic Monthly Press, he put out Pistachio, a story published in 1964 about a green cow and a circus that he wrote and illustrated. Under the pen name of Ernest Small, he wrote the 1966 books Baba Yaga about a witch, and John Tabor's Ride, a fanciful yarn about a sailor from New England. Other works written and illustrated by Lent include 1987's Bayberry Bluff, Molasses Flood published in 1992 and his 2000 book Ruby and Fred.

Lent also did illustrations for other authors, some of which became his best-known works, such as the 1964 book The Wave by Margaret Hodges that adapted a story by Lafcadio Hearn, Arlene Mosel's 1968 Chinese folk tale Tikki Tikki Tembo, the 1968 book Why the Sun and the Moon Live in the Sky based on an African folk tale as told by Elphinstone Dayrell, a 1968 retelling of Hans Christian Andersen's The Little Match Girl and Mosel's 1973 retelling of a Japanese folk tale The Funny Little Woman that won that year's Caldecott Medal. In 1997, Tikki Tikki Tembo was selected by The New York Times on its list of the 50 best children's books of the previous 50 years.

Lent's artwork had been contributed to the Kerlan Collection at the University of Minnesota and the Mazza Museum at the University of Findlay, in Findlay, Ohio.

Lent was a resident of Cambridge, Massachusetts and died at age 79 on January 27, 2009, of pneumonia in Medford, Massachusetts.

References

External links

 Ernest Small at LC Authorities, with 1 record

American children's book illustrators
American children's writers
Caldecott Medal winners
Artists from Cambridge, Massachusetts
1930 births
2009 deaths
Deaths from pneumonia in Massachusetts
Kents Hill School alumni

Blair Lent


Andy Frankenberger is a professional poker player and former equity derivatives trader from New York City.  In his first year as a professional poker player,  Frankenberger was named World Poker Tour (WPT) Season IX Player of the Year.  Card Player Magazine described this as one of poker's best rookie years in a September 2011 cover story.  Frankenberger followed this up by winning back to back bracelets at the World Series of Poker in 2011 and 2012.  He has been prominently featured in financial media including The Wall Street Journal, Fox Business Network, and Bloomberg Television.

As of June 2012, Frankenberger's live tournament winnings exceed $2,500,000.

Early life
Andy Frankenberger was born in New York City and grew up in Andover, Massachusetts.  He studied Russian at Phillips Academy and spent a Semester in Siberia on an exchange program where he became fluent in Russian. He graduated from Duke University with degrees in Economics and Russian.  He then worked on Wall Street for 14 years, joining the team that founded the currency trading desk for JP Morgan in Moscow, and returned to the United States to work as an Equity Derivatives trader for JP Morgan and BNP Paribas.

Poker career
Frankenberger's first title as a professional came when he bested a field of 350 players to win the 2010 Venetian Deep Stack Extravaganza III for $162,110.

World Poker Tour
Frankenberger collected $750,000 for winning the WPT Season 9 Legends of Poker event in 2010, and followed that up with another WPT final table at the Festa al Lago event later that year for $161,200. These results, combined with a 16th-place finish at the Five Diamond World Poker Classic, allowed him to win the World Poker Tour Player of the Year award for Season 9.

Frankenberger reached his third WPT final table at the WPT Season 10 World Poker Finals in 2011, finishing 5th for $99,585.

World Series of Poker
At the 2011 World Series of Poker, Frankenberger won his first WSOP bracelet in a $1,500 No Limit Hold'em event, outlasting a field of 2,500.  Later that year, he reached the final table of the nationally televised 2010/2011 WSOP Regional Championship, where he finished 6th for $66,758.
At the 2012 World Series of Poker, Frankenberger won his second World Series of Poker bracelet in the $10,000 Pot Limit Hold'em tournament, defeating Phil Ivey heads-up to earn $445,899.

Frankenberger is a member of the Epic Poker League.  He qualified for a Two-Year B card with his win at the 2011 WSOP.

Frankenberger won the Premier League Mixed Game Championship in London in November 2011 for $100,000.   The televised event featured 12 of the top players in the world competing in No Limit Hold'em, Pot Limit Omaha, and Pot Limit Hold'em.

Style
Frankenburger has been quoted underlining the importance of a stringent decision on the flop i.e if you're doing a bad decision, in according to potodds, on the flop, you're likely priced in on future streets.

Miscellaneous
Frankenberger was named to Woman Poker Player Magazine's 2011 Top Ten Hottest Men in Poker.

References

World Series of Poker bracelet winners
American poker players
Living people
World Poker Tour winners
1973 births

Andy Frankenberger


Ali is a 2001 American biographical sports drama film co-written, produced and directed by Michael Mann. The film focuses on ten years in the life of the boxer Muhammad Ali, played by Will Smith, from 1964 to 1974, featuring his capture of the heavyweight title from Sonny Liston, his conversion to Islam, criticism of the Vietnam War, and banishment from boxing, his return to fight Joe Frazier in 1971, and, finally, his reclaiming the title from George Foreman in the Rumble in the Jungle fight of 1974. It also touches on the great social and political upheaval in the United States following the assassinations of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr.

The project began in 1992 when producer Paul Ardaji optioned the movie rights to Muhammad Ali's life story. In 1992, Ardaji had visited Ali on his 50th birthday and persuaded him to allow a film to be made about his life. Nearing the end of his option period, Ardaji signed a contract with Sony Pictures, joining forces with producer Jon Peters as producing partner. In February 2000, it was announced that Mann had taken over as a director, following his Academy Award nomination for The Insider. Filming began in Los Angeles on January 11, 2001, on a $105 million budget, shooting took place in New York City, Chicago, Miami, and Mozambique.

The film was well received by critics, but was a box-office bomb. Will Smith and Jon Voight received Academy Award nominations for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor, respectively.

Plot
The film begins with Cassius Clay Jr. before his championship debut against the heavyweight champion Sonny Liston. Clay taunts Liston, then dominates the early rounds of the match. Halfway through, he complains of a burning feeling in his eyes (implying that Liston has tried to cheat) and says he is unable to continue. His trainer/manager Angelo Dundee gets him to keep fighting. Once Clay is able to see again, he dominates the fight and Liston quits before round seven, making Clay the second-youngest heavyweight champion at the time after Floyd Patterson.

Clay spends time with Malcolm X and is invited to the home of Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad, where he is given the name Muhammad Ali. His father, Cassius Clay Sr., disapproves. Ali marries Sonji Roi, an ex-Playboy Bunny, although she is not Muslim and does not abide sex segregation. Ali goes to Africa and meets up with Malcolm X, but later refuses to speak to him, honoring the wishes of Elijah Muhammad. He is distraught over the assassination of Malcolm X.

Upon returning to America, Ali fights Sonny Liston a second time and knocks him out in the first round. He and Sonji divorce after she objects to various obligations Muslim women have.

Ali refuses conscription for the Vietnam War and is stripped of his boxing license, passport and title, and sentenced to five years in prison. Ali marries 17-year-old Belinda Boyd. After a three-year hiatus, his conviction is overturned in Clay v. United States and in his comeback fight, he goes against Jerry Quarry and wins by technical knockout in three rounds. Ali attempts to regain the heavyweight championship against Joe Frazier. In the "Fight of the Century", Frazier generally has the upper hand against Ali and wins by decision, the first loss of Ali's career. Frazier later loses the championship to George Foreman.

Foreman and Ali go to Kinshasa, Zaire, for the Rumble in the Jungle fight. There, Ali meets Veronica Porché and has an affair with her. After reading rumors of his infidelity in newspapers, his wife Belinda travels to Zaire to confront him. Ali says he is unsure whether he loves Veronica, but is focused solely on his upcoming title shot.

For a good portion of the fight against Foreman, Ali leans back against the ropes (Rope-a-dope) allowing Foreman to tire himself out. He then knocks out the exhausted Foreman, regaining the Heavyweight Championship.

Cast
 Will Smith as Cassius Clay Jr. / Cassius X / Muhammad Ali
 Jamie Foxx as Drew Bundini Brown - Ali's assistant trainer
 Jon Voight as Howard Cosell - A journalist
 Mario Van Peebles as Malcolm X - Ali's friend, and a civil rights leader
 Ron Silver as Angelo Dundee - Ali's trainer
 Jeffrey Wright as Howard Bingham - Ali's photographer
 Michael Bentt as Sonny Liston - The boxing champion at the beginning of the movie
  Robert Sale as Jerry Quarry - One of Ali's opponents
 James Toney as Joe Frazier - One of Ali's opponents
 Charles Shufford as George Foreman - One of Ali's opponents
 Mykelti Williamson as Don King - A promoter who arranged Ali's fight against Foreman
 Jada Pinkett Smith as Sonji Roi - An ex-Playboy bunny
 Nona Gaye as Belinda Boyd / Khalilah Ali - A woman who interviewed Ali as a child
 Michael Michele as Veronica Porché - A woman who worked with Don King
 Joe Morton as Chauncey Eskridge - Ali's lawyer
 Paul Rodriguez as Dr. Ferdie Pacheco - Ali's doctor
 Bruce McGill as Bradley - A government agent
 Barry Shabaka Henley as Herbert Muhammad - Ali's manager, and the son of Elijah Muhammad
 Albert Hall as Elijah Muhammad - Leader of the Nation of Islam
 Giancarlo Esposito as Cassius Clay Sr. - Ali's father
  David Haines as Rudy Clay / Rahman Ali - Ali's brother
 Laurence Mason as Luis Sarria
 LeVar Burton as Martin Luther King Jr. - A civil rights leader
 David Cubitt as Robert Lipsyte - A journalist
 Leon Robinson as Brother Joe
 Ted Levine as Joe Smiley - A government agent
  Malick Bowens as Joseph Mobutu - The President of Zaire
 Victoria Dillard as Betty Shabazz - Malcolm X's wife
  David Elliott as Sam Cooke - A musician
 Brad Greenquist as Marlin Thomas

Production
The project began in 1992 when producer Paul Ardaji optioned the movie rights to Muhammad Ali's life story. In 1992, Ardaji had visited Ali on his 50th birthday and persuaded him to allow a film to be made about his life. Nearing the end of his option period, Ardaji signed a contract with Sony Pictures, joining forces with producer Jon Peters as producing partner. Producer Jon Peters started developing the film in 1994. Gregory Allen Howard wrote the initial draft of the script, which had the working title Power and Grace. Howard's draft focused on Ali's life from 12 to 40 years old, and his relationship with his father. Howard was replaced by writers Stephen J. Rivele and Chris Wilkinson, and by 1998 the biopic was set up at Columbia Pictures, with Will Smith attached to star and the possibility of Ron Howard directing. During the filming of Wild Wild West, Smith presented director Barry Sonnenfeld with the script. Columbia was hoping for filming to start towards the end of 1998, but it was pushed back, and Sonnenfeld exited in November 1999. It was speculated the Columbia was hesitant to move forward with Sonnenfeld following the disappointing box office performance of Wild Wild West. In February 2000, it was announced that Michael Mann had taken over as director, following his Academy Award nomination for The Insider. Prior to Mann's involvement, Spike Lee had been in negotiations to direct the film, feeling that only a black man could do justice to Ali's story. Smith, however, preferred Mann, who turned down the opportunity to direct early versions of The Aviator, Shooter and Savages to commit to Ali, and brought Eric Roth on to co-write the script. After years of being attached to the Ali biopic, Smith officially signed on in May 2000 with a $20 million salary.

Filming began in Los Angeles on January 11, 2001, on a $105 million budget. Shooting also took place in New York City, Chicago, Miami and Mozambique.

Smith spent about one year learning about Ali's life. These included boxing training (up to seven hours a day), Islamic studies with Wiljah Akbar and dialect training. Smith has said that his portrayal of Ali is his proudest work to date.

One of the selling points of the film is the realism of the fight scenes. Smith worked alongside boxing promoter Guy Sharpe from SharpeShooter Entertainment, and his lead fighter Ross Kent, to get the majority of his boxing tips for the film. All of the boxers in the film are former or current world heavyweight championship caliber boxers. It was quickly decided that 'Hollywood fighting'—passing the fist (or foot) between the camera and the face to create the illusion of a hit—would not be used in favor of actual boxing. The only limitation placed upon the fighters was for Charles Shufford (who plays George Foreman). He was permitted to hit Smith as hard as he could, so long as he did not actually knock the actor out.

Smith had to gain weight to look the part of Muhammad Ali.

Reception

Box office
Ali opened on December 25 (Christmas Day), 2001 and grossed a total of $14.7 million in 2,446 theaters during its opening weekend. The film went on to gross a total of $87.7 million worldwide.

Due to its high production and marketing costs, the film ended up losing Columbia Pictures as much as $100 million. The film's failure was partly due to its competition with The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.

Critical response
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 68% based on 156 reviews, with an average rating of 6.30/10. The site's critics consensus: "Though perhaps no film could fully do justice to the fascinating life and personality of Muhammad Ali, Mann's direction and Smith's performance combine to pack a solid punch." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 65 out of 100, based on 39 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert derided the film with two stars in his review for the Chicago Sun-Times, and mentioned, "it lacks much of the flash, fire and humor of Muhammad Ali and is shot more in the tone of a eulogy than a celebration". In Variety magazine, Todd McCarthy wrote, "The director's visual and aural dapplings are strikingly effective at their best, but over the long haul don't represent a satisfactory alternative to in-depth dramatic scenes; one longs, for example, for even one sequence in which Ali and Dundee discuss boxing strategy or assess an opponent", but he did have praise for the performances: "The cast is outstanding, from Smith, who carries the picture with consummate skill, and Voight, who is unrecognizable under all the makeup but nails Cosell's distinctive vocal cadences". USA Today gave the film two and half stars out of four and stated that, "for many Ali fans, the movie may be good enough, but some perspective is in order. The documentaries a.k.a. Cassius Clay and the Oscar-winning When We Were Kings cover a lot of the same ground and are consistently more engaging".

In The New York Times, Elvis Mitchell proclaimed Ali to be a "breakthrough" film for Mann, adding that it was his "first movie with feeling" and that "his overwhelming love of its subject will turn audiences into exuberant, thrilled fight crowds". J. Hoberman, in his review for the Village Voice, felt that the "first half percolates wonderfully—and the first half hour is even better than that. Mann opens with a thrilling montage that, spinning in and out of a nightclub performance by Sam Cooke, contextualizes the hero in his times", and concluded that, "Ali's astonishing personality is skillfully evoked but, in the end, remains a mystery".

When Ali died on June 3, 2016, Smith was chosen to be one of Ali's pallbearers for the memorial service in Louisville.

Awards and honors

Alternate versions
The film was released theatrically in 2001 at a length of 157 minutes. This version was released on DVD on April 30, 2002. Mann then re-edited the film, creating a new cut that ran 165 minutes and was released on DVD on June 1, 2004 as The Director's Cut. Approximately 4 minutes of theatrical footage was removed, while 14 minutes of previously unseen footage was placed back in by Mann. The Director's Cut also featured an audio commentary by Mann. The theatrical cut of the film was released on Blu-ray in France in 2009 and in Germany in 2012. In 2016 Mann created a third cut, significantly re-editing the film in the wake of Ali's death. He deleted one fight and added scenes and footage focusing on the political side of Ali's life. This version runs 152 minutes and was released on January 17, 2017, on Blu-Ray in the US as the Commemorative Edition.

See also
 List of boxing films

References

External links

 Excerpts from production notes
 "Michael Mann and Will Smith in the Ring With Ali" New York Times article
 An interview with the film's cinematographer Emmanuel Lubezki
 Muhammad Ali pacts with Roundhill for biopic

2001 films
2001 biographical drama films
2000s sports drama films
African-American biographical dramas
African-American films
American sports drama films
Columbia Pictures films
Films about Muhammad Ali
Films about race and ethnicity
Films directed by Michael Mann
Films produced by Michael Mann
Films produced by Jon Peters
Films set in Miami
Films set in New York City
Films set in the 1960s
Films set in the 1970s
Films set in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Films shot in Mozambique
Initial Entertainment Group films
Overbrook Entertainment films
Films with screenplays by Michael Mann
Films with screenplays by Eric Roth
Sports films based on actual events
Cultural depictions of Muhammad Ali
Cultural depictions of Martin Luther King Jr.
Cultural depictions of Malcolm X
2001 drama films
Films about Islam
2000s English-language films
2000s American films

Ali (film)


David Barbe (pronounced ˈbɑɹ.bi BAR-bee; born September 30, 1963) is an American musician and producer/engineer from Athens, Georgia and director of the Music Business Certificate Program at the University of Georgia. He is chief of Chase Park Transduction studio in Athens.  Barbe is known for his work as a songwriter, singer, guitarist, and bass guitarist in Sugar, Mercyland, and Buzz Hungry, as well as solo performances. He has produced nearly every album by the popular country rock band Drive-By Truckers, and has worked as producer and engineer with Son Volt. He has an all-star solo band in Athens called the Quick Hooks.

Biography

David Barbe was musically influenced by his parents — "Time Lady" Jane Barbe and composer John Barbe — who were both big band musicians.

Barbe and his wife, Amy, have three children — daughter Annabelle and sons Winston and Henry.  He is a past president of the Athens-Clarke County Little League baseball league and has managed his sons' all-star teams to several city championships.

Music career
Barbe moved to Athens, Georgia in 1981 to attend the University of Georgia. In Athens, he played occasional guitar with punk favorites Bar-B-Que Killers. He later formed his own group, Mercyland in 1985 and acted as the main songwriter, bassist, and co-lead singer. After Mercyland disbanded in 1991, he fronted Buzz Hungry.

He was tutored by John Keane  in music production and engineering. Barbe also played with Bob Mould in the Sugar band. He contributed a number of songs, some from Buzz Hungry and some original, that were performed live and/or released as B-sides, such as 'Where Diamonds are Halos' which was also recorded as part of a BBC radio session. He left Sugar in early 1995.

Barbe joined Mould for a full gig on October 18, 2009, at the Treasure Island Music Festival.

In 1997, Barbe and two co-owners opened Chase Park Transduction studios in Athens. Since opening Chase Park, Barbe has worked as a producer, engineer, writer and musician on hundreds of recording projects with many artists, including Drive-By Truckers, Deerhunter, the Glands, Jerry Joseph, Amy Ray, k.d. lang, and R.E.M. Barbe has performed in a wide variety of "one-off" bands such as Christa McAuliffe and the Challengers and helped create or contribute to many cassette and vinyl compilation records around Athens and Atlanta such as Proud o' Me Gluttony and Some. He performed at AthFest 2007 with Jack Logan. In 2011, Barbe remixed and reissued Mercyland's sole full-length album, No Feet on the Cowling.

In August 2010, Barbe was named interim director of the University of Georgia's Music Business Certificate Program, then in March 2011 he was appointed the certificate program's director on a permanent basis by Terry College of Business Dean Robert Sumichrast.

David's parents, Jane and John Barbe, were inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame on September 26, 2015.

References

Flagpole Magazine - Mercyland Profile

External links

Chase Park Transduction

1963 births
Living people
American rock bass guitarists
Sugar (American band) members
Songwriters from Georgia (U.S. state)
University of Georgia alumni
University of Georgia faculty
Musicians from Athens, Georgia
Guitarists from Georgia (U.S. state)
American male bass guitarists
20th-century American bass guitarists
20th-century American male musicians
American male songwriters

David Barbe


Patterned by Nature was commissioned by the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences in Raleigh, North Carolina. This piece was a collaboration between Hypersonic, Sosolimited, and Plebian Design. 10 feet wide and 90 feet in length, this sculptural ribbon winds through a five story atrium of the newly built Nature Research Center museum expansion. "The exhibit celebrates the abstraction of nature's infinite complexity into patterns through the scientific process. It brings to light the similarity of patterns in our universe, across all scales of space and time.", says Bill Washabaugh, one of the project designers.  The ribbon is made of 3,600 tiles of individually dimmable LCD glass, and runs on a total of about 75 watts of power.

External links
The Verge News - Patterned By Nature
Vice News - - Patterned By Nature
Installation art works

Patterned by Nature


Martin Mill is a village in east Kent, England. It takes its name from the nearby village of Martin. Martin Mill railway station is on the Dover to Deal railway line. The population of the village was, similarly to Martin, included in the civil parish of Langdon.

The windmill which gives Martin Mill its name was operating commercially until about 1923 when Sydney Hogben, the owner and former operator, removed the sails. This caused outrage in the community. The remaining structure was demolished in the 1960s.

History

The original Martin Mill railway was constructed and operated by Pearson & Son in 1897 for the construction of the Admiralty harbour. The line was laid to standard gauge from Martin Mill station and needed very little earth works until it reached the cliffs where terraces with a gradient of about 1 in 25 were cut into the cliff face to form a switch back path down to the harbour. The line was in use until completion of the harbour and eventually dismantled in 1937 after the intention of using it as a passenger line failed.

Martin Mill Military Railway

During the second world war the line was relaid again to standard gauge following the original course to a point north of Fan Bay Battery, from there two new lines where laid eastwards either side of the Dover to St Margaret's road and both terminating at St Margaret's. The northern line supplied the 14 inch Mk VII naval-type guns "Winnie" and "Pooh", and was also laid with two curved firing spurs for the 13.5" rail mounted guns "Gladiator", "Scene Shifter", and "Piece Maker".

The railway guns were 13.5 inch ex-naval guns on World War I-type mountings; "Scene Shifter" recycled the name and carriage from a former 14 inch railway gun, the other carriages were left over from a World War I 18 inch railway howitzer programme. These had a maximum elevation of 39 deg, traverse was by using the guns on a curved spur with the degrees marked along the tracks, a large arrow was mounted on the guns' bogies to line up with the marks. Recoil was absorbed by special brakes acting on the wheels. "Boche Buster", an 18-inch howitzer on a former World War I 14 inch railway gun carriage, was deployed in November 1943. Maintenance and barrel changing was carried out at the disused Stone Hall Colliery sidings Lydden.

The southernmost line had a curved firing spur close to Fan Bay. The line then continued to Wanston battery where two spurs where laid in front of the guns "Clem" and "Jane" for barrel changing. The barrels being transported by rail to Woolwich Arsenal where they were re-sleeved. There was also a short bypass loop north of the line. The line continued passing South Foreland battery to the 13.5" hypervelocity gun "Bruce" and would also have served St Margaret's Battery.

The line was entirely worked by diesel-electric shunting locomotives requisitioned from the LMS (London Midland Scottish) and SR (Southern Railway), three from the SR and six from the LMS the smoke from a steam locomotive being visible above the cliffs would have given the guns positions away. The LMS locomotives being a long way from home were on an exchange basis if a locomotive failed it was immediately replaced from LMS stock, repaired at Derby works and worked on the LMS until required again. The SR locomotives, being on home turf, were quickly repaired at Ashford works. As the locomotives shared the same English Electric diesel engines it is probable minor engine repairs for the LMS locos could be carried out at Ashford. Whilst on the MMMR the locomotives were stabled at the shed in Martin Mill station Yard.

The line was again lifted just after the end of the war.

See also
 Martin, Kent

References

External links

Villages in Kent

Martin Mill


If You Are the One () is a 2008 Chinese romantic comedy drama film written and directed by Feng Xiaogang and starring Ge You and Shu Qi.  The film has been very successful at the Chinese box office, and has become one of Feng's top grossing films to date, earning over ¥364 million (US$53.7 million) at the box office.

Cast
Ge You
Shu Qi
Alex Fong Chung-Sun
Vivian Hsu
Fan Wei
Feng Yuanzheng
Hu Ke
Gong Xinliang
Luo Haiqiong

Plot
Qin Fen (Ge), in his late forties, returns to China after many years overseas. He did not earn any degree while he was overseas but he is good at convincing others. After selling an "innovative invention" to a high-profile (but foolish) angel investor (Fan), Qin becomes a multimillionaire and with his new fortune, he decides to put an end to his bachelor life, advertising online for potential marriage partners, to apply "if you are the one", that is, only if they are sincere.

He encounters various candidates, from a homosexual former workmate, a cemetery saleswoman with a thick southern-Chinese accent, a pathological amnesiac, an ethnic minority pecking hen, an asexual widow, an expectant single mother (Hsu), and a stock-holding trader. Eventually, he crosses paths with air stewardess Liang Xiaoxiao (Shu), who previously had a painful love affair with a married man (Fong). Qin strikes up an unexpected friendship with Liang, and they start dating, under the agreement that Liang's heart will always be with her previous lover. Qin sets out to woo her completely, and their business-like arrangement eventually blossoms into love during a trip to Hokkaido.

Production

If You Are the One was filmed in locations throughout Beijing and Hangzhou in China, and Hokkaido in Japan from August, 2008 to October, 2008.

Critical reception
The film was a box office hit in the mainland and received largely positive reviews.

Variety states: "After taking a left turn into big-budgeters The Banquet and Assembly, Feng Xiaogang returns to the kind of film that made his name -- ironic observational comedies," and described the film as a "beautifully observed relationship movie is overly discursive in its second half but always watchable, thanks to terrific chemistry between Feng regular Ge You and Taiwanese actress Shu Qi."

The Hollywood Reporter states: "Feng Xiaogang makes an assured return to his trademark genre, the romantic comedy. If You Are the One, a diverting urban lark about an unlikely couple coming together through blind dates, sports an affable cast and untaxing plot, harking back to the airy playfulness of his 1998 hit Be There or Be Square."

Perry Lam of Muse Magazine praised 'the unreserved energy Feng devotes to delivering us the predictable, coupled with the unembarrassed pleasure we take in enjoying the obvious. You can still make a movie with a formula, it would appear, so long as you bring the formula to vivid life.'

Notes

External links

2008 films
2008 romantic comedy films
2000s Mandarin-language films
Films directed by Feng Xiaogang
Chinese romantic comedy films
Films set in Hokkaido
Huayi Brothers films

If You Are the One (film)


Onaga is a city in Pottawatomie County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 679.

History
Onaga was platted in 1877 by the railroad. Onaga is derived from a Potawatomi personal Indian name (Onago) and was given by Paul E. Havens, President of the Kansas Central Railroad.

The first post office in Onaga was established in December 1877. Onaga originally incorporated as a city by 1881 and reincorporated in 1926.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land.

Climate
This climatic region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters.  According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Onaga has a humid continental climate, abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps.

Demographics

Onaga is part of the Manhattan, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 702 people, 286 households, and 166 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 359 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 97.0% White, 0.3% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.0% of the population.

There were 286 households, of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.1% had a male householder with no wife present, and 42.0% were non-families. 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 21.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 3.13.

The median age in the city was 40.8 years. 26.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 22.6% were from 45 to 64; and 23.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 46.4% male and 53.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 704 people, 292 households, and 162 families residing in the city. The population density was . There were 347 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 96.73% White, 0.28% African American, 0.71% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.41% of the population.

There were 292 households, out of which 27.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.9% were married couples living together, 6.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.5% were non-families. 40.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 25.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 21.2% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 29.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,929, and the median income for a family was $38,173. Males had a median income of $30,347 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,219. About 8.4% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 9.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The community is served by Onaga USD 322 public school district.

References

Further reading

External links
 City of Onaga
 Onaga - Directory of Public Officials
 Onaga city map, KDOT

Cities in Pottawatomie County, Kansas
Cities in Kansas
Manhattan, Kansas metropolitan area
1877 establishments in Kansas
Populated places established in 1877

Onaga, Kansas


Areti Ketime (; born 26 July 1989) is a Greek singer and santoor player. She sings traditional Greek songs of various music genres.

Early life
Ketime was born and raised in Athens, Greece. She started learning how to play the santoor at the age of six, from Aristidis Moschos and the Belarusian Angelina Tkatseva.  At the age of 15 (in 2005), she became a professional performer.

Career
In 2002, Greek musician and singer Yorgos Dalaras invited her to participate in his live appearances in Plaka together with Gerasimos Andreatos and Melina Aslanidou. In 2003, she participated in a show about Asia Minor's musical tradition show with Dalaras, Glykeria, and the orchestra Estoudiantina. In 2004, she participated in the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games in Athens, with the traditional song "Mes Stou Egeou Ta Nisia" ("Into the Islands of the Aegean").

In 2005, she participated in the Greek tragedy play "Oedipus Rex" in Epidaurus, as a member of the "Chorus" led by George Dalaras. In 2008, she took part in a concert titled Kyklamina ("Cyclamens") in which she performed a series of songs called Tragoudia tis Ksenitias ("Songs of Emigration") along with George Kotsinis in Aristi, Epirus.

In 2010, she teamed up with Turkish singer Dilek Koç in a concert titled "The songs of our mutual tradition", in which they mostly performed common-root songs of Greece and Turkey, at the Half Note Jazz Club.

In 2011, she performed the Byzantine Hymns of the Holy Week live on TV shows, along with Charilaos Taliadoros and Christos Chalkias.

In 2012 she performed a concert titled "Smirneiko Minore", with Glykeria and Dilek Koç.  It was a tribute to the traditional music of Asia Minor.

In 2015, she participated as a musician in children's theatre version of Erotokritos directed by Ilias Karellas. In May 2015, Areti Ketime made her first North American tour, in which she was accompanied by a six-piece band of musicians and also by brothers Grigoris and Petros Papaemmanouil. Later in 2015, Ketime collaborated with German DJ Shantel on the bilingual song "EastWest/Dysi Ki Anatoli", from Shantel's new album Viva Diaspora.

During the 2015-16 season, Ketime participates in the children's theatre play "To Monon tis Zois tou Taksidion" ("The Only Journey of His Life").

In September 2017, it was announced that Areti will be one of the 18 contestants that will participate in the Greek Final of the Eurovision Song Contest 2018. The song is written by her best friend Dimitris Karras.

Discography
Me tin Foni tis Aretis ("With Areti's Voice") (2010)
Kali sou Tihi ("Good Luck to You") (2011)
Pinakas Zografikis ("Painting") (2012)
 Aidonaki mou ("My Nightingale") (2014)

References

External links
Facebook page

1989 births
Living people
21st-century Greek women singers
Singers from Athens

Areti Ketime


Emilia Lanier (1569-1645) was an English poet, the author of only one book of poems named (in Latin) Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum.

Biography
Emilia Lanier was the first woman in England who published a sepatate book of poems. Her name and surname were written in many ways, Emilia, Aemilia, Amelia, Lanier or Lanyer. She was born in the beginning of 1569. She was baptised on 27 January 1569. She was partly of Italian origin. Her father was Baptist Bassano. He was a musician. He came from Venice. Her mother was Margaret Johnson. For some years she was in informal relation with Henry Carey. He was a cousin and chamberlain of the queen Elizabeth the Great. She got pregnant. She married her cousin Alphonso Lanyer, who was a musician like her father. In 1593 she gave birth to her son Henry who was named after his father, Henry Carey. In 1598 she gave birth to a daughter, Odillya, who lived for only ten months. The poet lived with her son's family. In 1623 he married Joyce Mansfield. Emilia Lanier had two grandchildren, Mary (born 1627) and Henry (born 1630).

Works
Emilia Lanier published her collection of poems in 1611. It contains pieces of religious poetry. They differ from each other in the field of poetic form. Emilia Lanier used many stanzas, build of six lines (rhymed ababcc), seven lines (ababacc or ababbcc that is rhyme royal) or eight lines (abababcc that is ottava rima).

Emilia Lanier or Dark Lady
Emilia Lanier is considered to be the Dark Lady of William Shakespeare's sonnets. John Hudson suggests that she was the real author of some Shakespeares plays.

References

Other websites
 Æmilia Lanyer, Salve Deus Rex Iudæorum at luminarium.org

1569 births
1645 deaths
English poets

Emilia Lanier


David Haggart (24 June 1801 – 18 July 1821) was a Scottish thief and rogue.

Early life
Haggart was born at Golden Acre, near Edinburgh, 24 June 1801. A gamekeeper's son, he was taken twice as a gillie to the highlands, received a good plain education, but had already begun to commit petty thefts when, in July 1813, he enlisted as a drummer in the Norfolk Militia, then stationed at Edinburgh Castle. George Borrow, who probably saw him in Edinburgh, gave a very fanciful sketch of him in Lavengro. Borrow's "wild, red-headed lad of some fifteen years, his frame lithy as an antelope's, but with prodigious breadth of chest", was then only twelve years old. Next year, when the regiment left for England, Haggart was discharged, and after nine months' more schooling he began an apprenticeship as a millwright.

Criminal career
The firm went bankrupt in April 1817, and the unemployed Haggart soon became a regular pickpocket, burglar and, sometimes, shoplifter haunting every fair and racecourse between Durham and Aberdeen. His luck varied, but was never better than during the first four months, when he and an Irish comrade shared more than three hundred guineas. He was imprisoned six times and escaped four times; and on 10 October 1820, in his escape from Dumfries tolbooth, he knocked out the turnkey with a stone and killed him. He escaped to Ireland, and was sailing at one time for America, at another for France, but in March 1821 was arrested for theft at Clough market. He was recognised, and brought, heavily ironed, from Kilmainham to Dumfries, and thence to Edinburgh. There he was tried on 11 June 1821, and hanged on 18 July.

The Life of David Haggart
Twelve days before the trial he was visited in prison by George Combe, the phrenologist, and between the trial and his execution he partly wrote, partly dictated, an autobiography, which was published by his agent, with Combe's phrenological notes as an appendix, and Haggart's own comments. It is a curious picture of criminal life, the best, and seemingly the most faithful, of its kind, and possesses also some linguistic value, as being mainly written in the Scottish thieves' cant, which contains a good many genuine Romany words. Lord Cockburn, writing from recollection in 1848, declares the whole book to be "a tissue of absolute lies, not of mistakes, or of exaggerations, or of fancies, but of sheer and intended lies. And they all had one object, to make him appear a greater villain than he really was". On the other hand, the contemporaneous account of the trial, so far as it goes, bears out Haggart's narrative ; Cockburn is certainly wrong in describing Haggart as "about twenty-five", and in stating that the portrait prefixed professed to be "by his own hand". This autobiography later served as the inspiration for the 1969 movie Sinful Davey. It is available in several reprint formats, but no new edition has ever been issued.

References

External links

1801 births
1821 deaths
Criminals from Edinburgh
19th-century British criminals
19th-century Scottish people
19th-century executions by Scotland
Scottish murderers
British people convicted of theft

David Haggart


Machine Design () is an American trade magazine and website serving the OEM engineering market. Its print issues reach qualified design engineers and engineering managers twice a month.

Key technologies covered include computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), electrical and electronics, fastening and joining, fluid power, manufacturing, engineered materials, mechanical engineering, and motion control.

Today, Machine Design is owned by Informa, and has editorial offices based in New York, New York and Cleveland, Ohio, USA.

History
The inaugural issue of Machine Design coincided almost exactly with the 1929 stock-market crash and the beginning of the Great Depression. Although the nation was in the economic doldrums, there was significant design development taking place in almost all industrial segments including automotive, aircraft, farm equipment, home appliances, and industrial machinery.

The onset of World War II came and brought almost frenetic activity to design engineering at large. After the war, civilian industries thrived. But in the years following the war and into the 1950s the role of design engineer languished, stigmatized by the war effort as the creator of new means of destruction.

Engineering colleges began to feel slighted because doctors, lawyers, and business executives were viewed as having more prestige and professional status than their engineering graduates. Intellectual elites viewed engineering colleges as trade schools, and graduate engineers were said to be nothing more than mechanics or glorified shop hands. In response, engineering schools began to drop courses that lacked academic rigor or had the slightest blue-collar aura.

The launch of Sputnik in 1957 again changed the perception of design engineering. The perceived loss of world leadership in air and space technology by the people of the United States set the stage for a considerable renewal of prestige to the engineering discipline. After more than a decade into the Cold War, the public realized science and engineering could play a key role in keeping the Communists at bay. The government unloaded almost limitless supplies of money on high-tech defense industries, and engineering became the career of choice. High salaries and generous perks were lavished on engineers and scientists.

Unfortunately, Sputnik also accelerated the movement to delete courses on manufacturing and shop practice from the curricula of top schools. The idea was to portray engineers as being more scientist than a mechanic. The rocket scientist working on the space program became the image to which most engineers aspired.

This attitude had a lot to do with framing the editorial policies of Machine Design through the 1960s. The policies were in tune with what was happening in the largest and most-sophisticated corporations, especially the aircraft and automotive industries, where design engineering and manufacturing engineering were increasingly treated as separate entities having no common interest. Reflecting this, articles selected for Machine Design were carefully tailored not to have too much of a manufacturing orientation.

Starting in the late 1960s, another shift in American perception was brought about by the growing awareness of overseas manufacturing facilities returning a lower cost product with higher quality. While lower labor rates played a key role in the lower costs, they could not justify the higher reliability of offshore products over those domestically produced. It was soon discovered that those shops with higher quality production realized design and manufacturing engineering were closely intertwined. Machine Design articles started to reflect this trend. For example, it's believed to be the first industrial trade magazine to run a comprehensive article explaining numerical control machining and how it relates to design engineering.

Machine Design'''s coverage of manufacturing positioned it well when concurrent engineering became the trendy idea in industry. Major corporations suddenly discovered that design and manufacturing were interrelated, and it became vogue to tear down the walls between design and manufacturing engineers.

In the 1970s, finite-element analysis broke on the industrial scene. Computer-aided design was evolving, and by the 1980s, it was also having a profound impact on design procedures. Computer-aided manufacturing evolved separately, but by 1990 CAD and CAM had merged. In the field of electrical and electronic technology, relay controls were giving way to digital electronics and the microprocessor that led to combining a number of design disciplines into the technologies of mechatronics and motion control.

In the 2000s, the Internet of Things has taken hold of the industry and has infiltrated every level of engineering, from design to manufacturing, all the way to predictive maintenance and augmented reality. Machine Design as provided in-depth coverage on these emerging technologies to keep engineers up to date on what lies in store for the engineering industry.

For over 80 years, Machine Design'' had predicted and led the industrial community spotting trends and fundamental changes in manufacturing operations. Providing an ongoing series of technological overviews interspersed with in-depth tutorials, it kept readers abreast of technologies that were transforming product design. It does this with an editorial staff of degreed engineers possessing industrial experience and obligated to create lucid and interesting articles supported by the intelligent use of graphics.

References

 BPA Worldwide

External links
Machine Design website

Business magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1929
Magazines published in New York (state)
Professional and trade magazines
Design magazines
Engineering magazines

Machine Design


Self-esteem is the way people think about themselves and how worthwhile they feel. Psychologists use the word self-esteem to describe whether someone likes themselves or not. Someone with high self-esteem might think that they are good at things, worthwhile, and may be confident in the things that they do. Someone with low self-esteem might think that they are bad at things and/or worthless. Different psychologists have different ways of measuring self-esteem, and many people do not agree on what it means. Some people may think that self-esteem is linked to anxiety, depression, eating disorders and bullying. Some people may also injure themselves if they suffer from a low self-esteem.

Self-esteem also considered by the international law on human rights, such as Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and Yogyakarta Principles, affirm that each person's self-esteem must be protected against any kind of abuse or violence out of social prejudices and discriminations.

The World Health Organization also thinks building strong self-esteem is important to prevent the suicide of students as well as prevent bullying by tolerance.

Notes

Psychology

Self-esteem


HMS Unbending (P37) was a Royal Navy U-class submarine built by Vickers-Armstrong at Barrow-in-Furness, and part of the third group of that class. So far she has been the only ship of the Royal Navy to bear the name Unbending.

Career

Unbending served in the Royal Navy's Tenth Flotilla under the command of Lieutenant E.T. Stanley. The ship spent most of her wartime career in the Mediterranean, where she sank the Italian merchant ships Alga, Citta di Bergamo, Cosenza and Beppe, the Italian auxiliary minelayer Eritrea and the Italian destroyer . She also sank the Italian ship Lupa II with gunfire. Unbending had first fired two torpedoes but these were evaded. Unbending also damaged the Italian passenger / cargo ship Viminale, the Italian merchant Carlo Margottini (the former Yugoslavian Bled), and the Italian passenger ship Carlo Margottini. This ship ran ashore and is not listed as a war loss so was most likely salvaged and returned to service.

Unbending was the initiator of one of the rare modern-day boarding parties: having surfaced beside a schooner in the gulf of Sfax, Unbending found herself unable to hit the small ship with her deck gun, so a resourceful officer leapt aboard and set fire to the entire ship using only a can of shale oil.

Unbending was sold to be broken up for scrap on 23 December 1949 and scrapped at Gateshead in May 1950.

Notes

References

British U-class submarines
Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
1941 ships
World War II submarines of the United Kingdom

HMS Unbending


An earnest payment or earnest money is a specific form of security deposit made in some major transactions such as real estate dealings or required by some official procurement processes to demonstrate that the applicant is serious and willing to demonstrate an earnest of good faith about wanting to complete the transaction.

In the Middle Ages, the earnest payment was called variously an earnest penny, Arles penny, or God's silver (in Latin Argentum Dei). It was either money or a valuable coin or token given to bind a bargain, notably for the purchase or hiring of a servant. According to Black's Law Dictionary (sixth ed.), Et cepit de praedicto Henrico tres denarios de Argento Dei prae manibus ("And he took it from the aforesaid Henry [sealed by a] silver three pence [piece]  handed over [in the sight of] God").

A potential buyer of property of high value such as residential real estate generally signs a contract and pays a sum acceptable to the seller by way of earnest money.  The amount varies enormously, depending upon local custom and the state of the local market at the time of contract negotiations.

If the seller accepts the offer, the earnest money is held  in trust or escrow.

These funds may be held directly by the seller's attorney, the real estate broker (as in the State of New York) or by a settlement or title company (as in states like California, Florida, and Texas).

When the transaction is settled then the deposit is applied to the buyer's portion of the remaining costs. If the offer is rejected, the earnest money is usually returned, since no binding contract has been entered into.

See also
King's shilling
List of real estate topics

References

Payment systems
Common law legal terminology
Property law legal terminology

Earnest payment


The Last Battle is a portal fantasy novel for children by C. S. Lewis, published by The Bodley Head in 1956. It was the seventh and final novel in The Chronicles of Narnia (1950–1956). Like the other novels in the series, it was illustrated by Pauline Baynes and her work has been retained in many later editions.

The Last Battle is set almost entirely in the Narnia world and the English children who participate arrive only in the middle of the narrative. The novel is set some 200 Narnian years after The Silver Chair and about 2500 years (and 49 Earth years) since the creation of the world narrated in The Magician's Nephew. A false Aslan is set up in the north-western borderlands and conflict between true and false Narnians merges with that between Narnia and Calormen, whose people worship Tash. It concludes with termination of the world by Aslan, after a "last battle" that is practically lost.

Macmillan US published an American edition within the calendar year.

Lewis and The Last Battle won the annual Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's best children's book by a British subject. The author wrote to illustrator Baynes, "is it not rather 'our' medal? I'm sure the illustrations were taken into account as well as the text."

Plot
In the western regions of Narnia, the clever and greedy ape Shift persuades the naive donkey Puzzle to wear a lion's skin (an echo from Aesop's story of The Ass in the Lion's Skin) and introduces him to the other Narnians as the Great Lion Aslan. Shift, posing as Aslan's spokesman, uses Aslan's name to persuade the Narnians to cut down the trees for lumber. Shift pockets the profits and garners support from the Calormenes – led by Rishda Tarkaan – by claiming that Aslan is another name for Tash, a bloodthirsty deity worshipped by the Calormenes. Those who question Shift's words are invited into a large stable where "Tashlan" is said to reside, only to be stealthily murdered by one of Rishda's men.

King Tirian, a descendant of King Caspian X, is warned by Roonwit the Centaur that strange and evil things are happening to Narnia and that the stars portend ominous developments. Tirian and his friend Jewel the Unicorn hear word of the death of the Dryads and rashly set out to confront the danger, instructing Roonwit to gather a small army to join them. Finding two Calormenes abusing a Narnian Talking Horse, Tirian and Jewel kill them both in a blind rage. Ashamed, they give themselves up to "Aslan".

Awaiting judgment, Tirian recognizes the farce that Shift has fabricated in league with Rishda and the talking cat Ginger. When he accuses Shift of lying, Tirian is tied to a tree for the night to face judgment the following morning. While the woodland creatures are sympathetic to his suffering, they cannot bring themselves to defy "Aslan".

Tirian calls upon Aslan for help, and sees High King Peter and several others in a vision.  He asks them to come to his aid.  Shortly afterwards Jill Pole and Eustace Scrubb arrive in Narnia from Earth. They relate that Peter and Edmund Pevensie went to London to dig up the magic rings from the old house of Professor Kirke (mentioned in the previous story) in hopes that Jill and Eustace can use them to get to Narnia. But feeling a shock in their railroad car on Earth, Eustace and Jill find themselves in Narnia without ever seeing the rings. Tirian gives Eustace and Jill a warm welcome.

They release Tirian and rescue Jewel. In the stable, Jill finds Puzzle, who comes to understand his folly and joins Tirian's side. A band of Dwarfs are also rescued, but their faith in Aslan has been shattered and they renounce their allegiance, proclaiming "the Dwarfs are for the Dwarfs". Only one Dwarf named Poggin remains faithful to Aslan and joins the group. Tirian learns that Shift and Rishda have inadvertently summoned the real Tash to Narnia when he and the others see him travelling north towards the stable.

Farsight the Eagle arrives bearing grim news: Roonwit and the Narnian army loyal to Tirian have all been massacred by the Calormenes who have taken Cair Paravel in Tirian's absence. Tirian and his small force advance on the stable to expose the truth of Shift's deception. Ginger, sent in to aid in the deception, runs out in terror, having lost his ability to speak. Emeth, one of Rishda's men and a devout follower of Tash, insists on seeing his god. Rishda tries to dissuade him, but Emeth enters the empty stable. Angry at the deception in the name of Tash, he kills another soldier who was stationed in the stable to murder the rebellious Narnians, but Emeth then disappears.

Outside the stable, Tirian's group engages Shift and the Calormenes, but most of the remaining Narnians on either side are all either killed or sacrificed to Tash by being thrown into the stable. Tirian throws Shift into the stable and Tash devours Shift. Realising that real danger lies in the stable, the terrified Rishda offers the remaining Narnians as sacrifices to avoid the wrath of Tash. Tirian, left alone and fighting for his life, drags Rishda into the stable and finds himself in a vast and lush plain. Tash seizes Rishda and advances on Tirian, but is stopped by the "Friends of Narnia": Digory Kirke, Polly Plummer, Peter Pevensie and his siblings Edmund and Lucy. Susan is absent as she has ceased to believe in Narnia. Peter orders Tash to return to his realm and Tash vanishes with Rishda in his clutches.

The real Aslan appears and praises Tirian for his valiant struggle in defense of Narnia. The faithless Dwarfs are present but cannot see they are in Aslan's country; they perceive themselves to be locked in an actual stable. Aslan demonstrates that, without their faith, even he cannot help them. The Friends ask Aslan to heal Narnia, but he admits that even he cannot undo the evil that has been sown and he brings the world to an end: Father Time is awoken and calls the stars down from the skies into the sea. The inhabitants of Narnia gather outside the barn to be judged by Aslan. The faithful enter Aslan's country while those who have opposed or deserted him become ordinary animals and vanish in his shadow to a fate unknown even to the narrator. The vegetation is consumed by dragons, salamanders and giant lizards until they grow old, die, and rot into skeletal structures.The sea rises to cover Narnia. The land freezes when Father Time puts out the sun after it destroys the moon. At Aslan's command, King Peter shuts the door on Narnia. Aslan leads the faithful to his country, telling them to go "further up and further in". Soon they encounter Emeth; Aslan has accepted his faithful service to Tash because it was offered in good faith and therefore truly done to Aslan, whereas Tash is served only by evil.

Aslan takes the Friends to a "true" version of Narnia, the previous Narnia having been an imperfect and corruptible shadow. As they advance, the Friends meet and reunite with characters from previous adventures who have been dead for centuries; Aslan reveals that the Friends may also stay as they had died in a train accident on Earth. Aslan sheds his lion form, and the series ends with the revelation that this was only the beginning of the true story, "which goes on for ever, and in which every chapter is better than the one before".

Main characters
Tirian, the last king of Narnia, who leads the fight of Narnia against the Calormenes.
Eustace Scrubb, a friend of Narnia and cousin to the Pevensie siblings, who fights for the Narnians.
Jill Pole, a friend of Narnia, who fights for the Narnians.
Jewel the Unicorn, retainer to King Tirian, also his best friend.
Shift, an ape who allies with Calormen and creates the "Tashlan" hoax. (The Narnian form of the False Prophet and the Antichrist.)
Puzzle, a donkey who is tricked by Shift. (The Narnian form of the Beast and an allusion to "The Ass in the Lion's Skin".)
Rishda Tarkaan, Calormene captain leading the battle against Narnia, taken away by Tash during the destruction of Narnia.
Ginger, a cat, in league with Rishda Tarkaan.
Tash, the patron God of the Calormenes and evil counterpart to Aslan.
Griffle, a black Dwarf, leader of a group of Dwarfs who have lost faith in both Aslan and Tash.
Emeth, a righteous soldier of Calormene, who discovers his true devotion to Aslan.
Aslan, the God of Narnia, son of the Emperor-over-the-Sea, who takes the form of a lion.

Reception
Floyd C. Gale wrote in Galaxy Science Fiction that the book "is a delightful fantastic fable of the type which the English have excelled since—or perhaps because of—Lewis Carroll".

Notes

References

Sources

External links

  —immediately, the full-colour C. S. Lewis centenary edition
  (ISFDB)

1956 fantasy novels
1956 British novels
1956 children's books
Apocalyptic novels
British children's novels
Carnegie Medal in Literature winning works
Sequel novels
The Bodley Head books
The Chronicles of Narnia books
Children's books about unicorns
Dwarves in popular culture
Children's fantasy novels
Children's novels about animals

The Last Battle


Forging is a way of making things.  It involves changing the shape of metal by using compressive forces.  These forces are normally supplied by hitting the metal with a hammer or a die.  There are different types of Forging based on the temperature at which the forging is done. These include cold forging, warm forging, and hot forging. For warm and hot forging, the metal is heated. This is usually done in a forge. Things can be forged in many different sizes. They can range in weight from less than a kilogram to hundreds of metric tons. Forging has been done by smiths for a very long time. Common products made by forging include kitchenware, hardware, hand tools and weapons such as swords and axes.

Since the Industrial Revolution, forged parts are widely used in machines. They are used in machine when a part that has a high strength is needed,

History

Forging is one of the oldest metalworking processes. It was normally done by a smith using hammer and anvil. People started using water power in the 12th century. They also started working with iron at that time. Using water power allowed them to use bigger and more powerful hammers.  This allowed the smiths to increased the amount and size of iron that could be forged. The forge has changed over centuries. It has become a place with engineered processes and equipment to handle the needs of modern industry.

In modern times, forging is often done with presses or with hammers powered by compressed air, electricity, hydraulics or steam. These hammers can weigh thousands of pounds.

References

Sources

Metalworking

Forging