Scheffer is a German occupational surname related to German Schäfer (meaning "shepherd") or Schaffer (meaning "overseer").  Notable people with the surname include:

Aaron Scheffer (born 1975), American baseball pitcher
Ary Scheffer (1795–1858), Dutch-born French painter, son of Johann Baptist and Cornelia
Cornelia Scheffer (1769–1839), Dutch painter and portrait miniaturist
Cornélia Scheffer (1830-1899), French sculptor and designer
David Scheffer (born 1953), American diplomat, UN Ambassador-at-Large for War Crimes Issues
Emmanuel Scheffer (1924–2012), Israeli football player and coach
François Scheffer (1766–1844), Luxembourgian politician, Mayor of Luxembourg City
Frank Scheffer (born 1956), Dutch cinematographer
Guus Scheffer (1898–1952), Dutch weightlifter
Hendrik Scheffer (1798–1862), Dutch-born French painter, son of Johann Baptist and Cornelia
Henrik Teofilus Scheffer (1710–1759), Swedish chemist
Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (born 1948), Dutch politician, former Secretary General of NATO
James Scheffer (born 1970), American record producer and songwriter
Johan Scheffer (born 1948), Australian (Victorian) politician
Johann Baptist Scheffer (1773–1809), German-born Dutch painter
Johannes Scheffer (1621–1679), Swedish humanist
Karl-Heinz Scheffer, West German slalom canoeist
Marten Scheffer (born 1958), Dutch ecologist
Paul Scheffer (born 1954), Dutch multiculturalism scholar and author
 (1909–1988), Dutch band composer and conductor
Rudolph Herman Christiaan Carel Scheffer (1621–1679), Dutch botanist
Victor Blanchard Scheffer (1906–2011), American mammalogist
Will Scheffer (born 1969), American playwright

See also
Scheffers
United States v. Scheffer,
Schaefer

References

Surnames of German origin

Scheffer


Green Arrow is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Green Arrow was created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp and first appeared in More Fun Comics #73 in 1941. His secret identity is Oliver Jonas Queen and his friends call him Ollie. He is a billionaire and once was a mayor of the fictional city Star City.

Green Arrow is a superhero, but lacks any superpowers. He is similar in appearance and abilities to Robin Hood. Green Arrow is an archer who uses his expert skill in archery to fight crime. He wanted to help citizens when he fell off his boat and got stranded on an island. He also is a highly trained martial artist. Green Arrow is blond, dresses all in green, and as a goatee beard.

Green Arrow uses many trick arrows to fight crime plus supervillains. For example, trick arrows include: glue arrows, net arrows, explosive arrows, grappling hook arrows, and boxing-glove arrows.

Since 1970 Green Arrow has usually been written as being explicitly left-wing politically and fighting for social justice.

Green Arrow has been a member of the Justice League and the Outsiders.

Green Arrow was not initially a well-known character outside of comic book fandom: he had appeared in a single episode of the animated series Super Friends in 1973. In the 2000s, the character appeared in a number of DC television properties, including the animated series Justice League Unlimited, Young Justice, The Batman and Batman: The Brave and the Bold, and several DC Universe Animated Original Movies. In live action, he appeared in the series Smallville, played by actor Justin Hartley, and became a core cast member. In 2012, the live action series Arrow debuted on The CW, in which the title character was portrayed by Stephen Amell, and launching several spin-off series, becoming the starting point for a shared television franchise called the Arrowverse.

Supporting Characters

Green Arrow was romantically linked with Black Canary for many years.

Green Arrow originally had a sidekick, and adopted son, named Speedy. Speedy's real name is Roy Harper. Roy Harper now is the superhero Red Arrow.

Green Arrow also has a biological son named Conner Hawke. When Oliver Queen died, Connor Hawke became Green Arrow. Oliver Queen was later resurrected by Hal Jordan, and retook the role of Green Arrow.

DC Comics superheroes

Green Arrow


Michael S. Greenly (born October 2, 1944) is an American writer, entrepreneur, and lyricist – and a former vice president of Avon Products—who helped to popularize interactive online journalism in the mid-1980s as a kind of forerunner to blogging. On March 26, 2015, Gov. Terry McAuliffe signed Senate Bill # 1362 making "Our Great Virginia" – lyrics by Mike Greenly, arranged by Jim Papoulis – as the official traditional state song of Virginia.

Early online journalist
In 1983, Greenly left his position as a marketing vice president of Avon Products to become a freelance marketing consultant and writer. In an article for The Futurist magazine (March–April, 1987), Greenly credited the Alvin Toffler book, The Third Wave, as being a catalyst in his decision to change his life and become an active part of the Information Age.

Greenly has been called "probably the most widely read writer on "The Source", one of the first online services oriented to the general public and attracting 60,000 subscribers at the time.

Sometimes called "planet earth's first interactive journalist" Greenly and the two friends he met online – Sherwin Levinson and Diane Worthington – became the first journalists ever allowed to cover the Democratic and Republican political conventions via computer (in 1984).  Greenly wrote a cover story for Portable 100/200 magazine (April, 1985) about using an early laptop computer to create this interactive, online journalism from the convention sites (Houston and San Francisco) and to answer reader questions and comments during the process.

Greenly went on to become the first journalist ever allowed to cover the Academy Awards ceremony by computer, again sending online reports of his interviews and experiences to readers around the world via laptop, and responding to them from on the road.

In 1986, a series of first-hand interviews Mike conducted about AIDS and placed online was published as Chronicle: The Human Side of AIDS (Irvington Publishers, Inc.). In 1987, Greenly received an award from the Computer Press Association in the category of "Best On-Line Publication" for his interactive electronic coverage of Appleworld, Macworld Conference & Expo, and Comdex '87.

Corporate assignments

As his website notes, Greenly works today as a speech and presentation writer and speech coach for business executives.  His client list includes Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, the Patrón Spirits Company, ExxonMobil, IBM and many other organizations.

Songwriter/lyricist

References

External links
 Mike Greenly

1944 births
Living people
American male journalists
American lyricists
Duke University alumni
New York University Stern School of Business alumni
20th-century American non-fiction writers
21st-century American non-fiction writers
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American male writers

Mike Greenly


A Chicago fitting (also called a Duck's foot fitting due to its shape) is a one quarter turn fitting used for attaching hoses or piping together. Chicago's fittings are used on both low to medium pressure gas and fluid lines. The advantages of the Chicago fitting are that it can be used in a wide range of industries and that there is no male or female fitting; both fittings are identical.

See also
 Gladhand connector

References

External links
 Universal "Chicago" Couplings

Plumbing

Chicago fitting


Dragonfly Squadron is a 1954 American war film directed by Lesley Selander and starring John Hodiak, Barbara Britton and Bruce Bennett. The film is set in the period shortly before and during the invasion of South Korea by North Korean troops.

Dragonfly Squadron was originally intended to be released as a 3D film, and therefore was filmed in dual 35mm Polaroid 3-D. Interest in 3D films, however, greatly diminished towards the end of 1953, so when the film premiered in Los Angeles on January 27, 1954, and went on general release on March 21, 1954, only flat prints were shown.

Plot
In May 1950, Major Matt Brady (John Hodiak) is redeployed to Pusan, South Korea. His mission there is to train South Korean pilots in the defensive struggle. Also, there are air support exercises in case the Americans need to be evacuated. Colonel Schuller (Richard Simmons) sends Brady and Captain MacIntyre (Gerald Mohr) to the airbase in Kungju. The American instructors only have 25 days left to introduce the South Korean pilots to U.S. training and tactics.

At the base, Brady meets Donna Cottrell (Barbara Britton), his former fiancé. Her husband, Red Cross physician Dr. Stephen Cottrell (Bruce Bennett), is said to have been killed in action. When Donna finds out that he is actually alive - he had been captured, but was able to escape - she returns to him. She tells Matt that Stephen cannot work as a surgeon any more, as his hands were badly injured during enemy torture. She is intent on doing the right thing, but feels torn between the two men.

The training of the South Korean pilots makes progress, which is carefully noted by Dixon (Jess Barker), a reporter. Captain Veddors (Harry Lauter) tells him that Matt does not fly any more because he once caused a fatal crash with a test pilot. Matt receives an encrypted message announcing a serious enemy attack. MacIntyre informs Matt that Lieutenant Kim-Sun is not able to fly due to the illness of his sister, but Matt needs every man. Kim-Sun dies in the crash of his aircraft and, as a consequence, the pilots blame Matt. MacIntyre suspects that Kim-Sun's aircraft was sabotaged.

Colonel Schuller orders the evacuation of all Americans and gives Matt the order to release the South Korean pilots into active service. Stephen stays behind in Kungju to carry on his work, while Donna leaves the base in a convoy. The convoy is attacked by two tanks. Colonel Conners cautions Matt that air support for the convoy is out of the question but, by sanction of the United Nations, intervention by U.S. infantrymen is possible. Matt stays behind on the base with Veddors and MacIntyre.

Soon the news of the invasion of South Korea arrives. Captain Warnowski and his infantry battalion reach Kungju. Due to heavy tank assaults, of the original complement of 400 men, only 30 remain. The infantry find Captain Wyler (Adam Williams), who was driving the truck Donna was in. Before he dies of his wounds, he tells Matt that Donna has successful escaped. As the attacks intensify, North Korean aircraft damage the airfield, subsequently, Matt and Warnowski decide to retreat. The South Koreans identify an old woman as a spy, who has been transmitting information about the base to the enemy by radio, and execute her.

Matt and his remaining troops come under heavy fire with Matt being wounded and Veddors killed. In Chungtu village, they reach a Red Cross hospital, and soon Donna too arrives there. There she hears that Stephen was killed during the fighting. The enemy tanks thrust forward and force the survivors to retreat further. When U.S. aircraft attack and stop the tanks, Matt, Donna and the rest of the convoy escape.

Cast

 John Hodiak as Major Mathew Brady
 Barbara Britton as Donna Cottrell
 Bruce Bennett as Dr. Stephen Cottrell
 Jess Barker as Dixon
 Gerald Mohr as Captain MacIntyre
 Chuck Connors as Captain Warnowski
 Harry Lauter as Captain Veddors
 Pamela Duncan as Anne Taylor
 Adam Williams as Captain Wyler
 John Lupton as Captain Woody Taylor
 Benson Fong as Captain Liehtse
 Richard Simmons as Colonel Wolf Schuller
 John Hedloe as Captain Wycoff
 Frank Ferguson as Colonel Conners
 Fess Parker as Flight instructor

Production
Hodiak was cast to play the protagonist due to his "manly voice" which director Lesley Selander thought sounded more "leaderly and American" than that of the other actors who were considered for the role.  Production of Dragonfly Squadron began in mid-August 1953 with all scenes shot in California at Warner's Ranch near Warner Springs, Whiteman Air Park in Pacoima, and at the Iverson Movie Ranch near Chatsworth, Los Angeles.

Dragonfly Squadron was made with the assistance of the U.S. military. The film's opening titles state: "We gratefully acknowledge the kind cooperation of the United States Department of Defense, the United States Air Force, and the United States Marine Corps in making possible the production of this picture... Dedicated to those American officers and men who served with, and so gallantly trained, the South Korean Army and Air Force."

Although a December 14, 1953 news item in Daily Variety reported that a 3D release of Dragonfly Squadron would be tested during four bookings in early 1954, it has not been established that the film played any 3D engagements. Its Los Angeles opening in January 1954 was in a "flat" version, as were all prints that went on general release in March 1954. The first public showing in 3D happened at the World 3D Film Expo III in September 2013, where a restored version was shown. A 3D Blu-ray of the film was released on October 14, 2014, offering both 3D and 2D versions of the restored film for home viewing.

The life story of the military consultant on the film, Colonel Dean Hess, was the subject of Battle Hymn (1957), directed by Douglas Sirk and starring Rock Hudson. The role that Colonel Hess played in training of the South Korean Air Force pilots was similar to that portrayed in Dragonfly Squadron.

Aircraft used
 Curtiss C-46 Commando
 Lockheed F-80 Shooting Star
 North American F-51 Mustang
 North American T-6 Texan
 Stinson L-5 Sentinel

Reception
According to a note in The Hollywood Reporter in 1967, the Allied Artists production on Dragonfly Squadron cost $300,000 and grossed $700,000. Primarily a B film, although aerial scenes were notable, the film fell short in other aspects, receiving a "lukewarm reception from critics."

Both film historians Michael Paris in From the Wright Brothers to Top Gun: Aviation, Nationalism, and Popular Cinema (1995) and Stephen Pendo in Aviation in the Cinema (1985) noted Dragonfly Squadron was the least interesting of the two studio feature films that portrayed the training and operational exploits of Republic of Korea Air Force in the Korean War. Film historians Jack Hardwick and Ed Schnepf dismissed Dragonfly Squadron as "...pretty bad, don't bother with this one." They did recommend, however, the sequences with the Stinson L-5 liaison / observation / light aircraft featured in the film.

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Hardwick, Jack and Ed Schnepf. "A Viewer's Guide to Aviation Movies". The Making of the Great Aviation Films, General Aviation Series, Volume 2, 1989.
 Paris, Michael. From the Wright Brothers to Top Gun: Aviation, Nationalism, and Popular Cinema. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1995. .
 Pendo, Stephen. Aviation in the Cinema. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1985. .

External links

1954 3D films
American 3D films
Allied Artists films
Films directed by Lesley Selander
Films set in Korea
Korean War aviation films
Films about the United States Air Force
Films scored by Paul Dunlap
1950s English-language films
American war films
1954 war films
1950s American films
English-language war films

Dragonfly Squadron


Symkanieh ( Arabic: سمقانية ) is a town located in the Chouf District of Mount Lebanon Governorate, about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Beirut. Its altitude ranges between 850 m (2,790 ft) – 950 m (3,120 ft) high. Bordering Towns: Bakaata and Baakline.
Symkanieh was the seat house for Harmouche Family. It has ancient ruins for the Palace of Mahmoud Harmouche who governed Mount Lebanon before he was defeated by Emir Haidar Chehab in the Battle of Ain Dara

References

External links
 Semqaniyeh, Localiban

Populated places in Chouf District

Symkanieh


Novus Entertainment (commonly known simply as Novus) is a Canadian telecommunications company providing television, digital phone, and high-speed Internet services via a fiber-optic network. The company is licensed by the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission (the CRTC) as a Class 1 Broadcast Distribution Undertaking for both Metro Vancouver. Novus presently provides services to apartments, condominiums, and businesses in Metro Vancouver. Novus is one of the few broadband Internet carriers in Canada to offer a Fibre-to-the-Building (FTTB) network. The company continues to expand its service in Metro Vancouver.

Novus is also in the business of leasing dark fibre to other communications service providers and to businesses.

Internet
In July 2011, Novus announced its 300 Mbit/s Internet service, claiming to be "Canada's fastest Internet service" to go into effect July 2011.
Due to its use of Metro Ethernet rather than DOCSIS or DSL technology, the carrier allows a direct RJ-45 connection into a wall jack, circumventing the use of a modem.

In May 2017, Novus announced 1000 Mbit/s internet service.

In April 2021, Novus announced 2500 Mbit/s internet service.

Television
Novus offers analogue and digital (SD and HD) television services.  The carrier continues to add standard and high definition channels to its lineup as they become available.

Beam TV, Novus' own IPTV service was launched in the spring of 2016 with mostly high definition channels. 4K channels are available with more to come.

Telephone
In April 2008, Novus launched its digital phone (VOIP) service through its fibre optic network.

Enterphone is available by request - Have the ability to ring up to 5 local phone numbers in selected buildings.

Novus TV

Novus TV is a locally based community channel operated by Novus Entertainment Inc.

Novus TV covers a variety of events and issues happening in and around Vancouver and the lower mainland and airs numerous locally produced shows, short films, music videos, etc. created by community members.

See also
 Fiber-optic communication

Notes

External links
 Novus Entertainment
 Novus Community TV

Telecommunications companies of Canada
Internet service providers of Canada
Fiber-optic communications
Broadband
Companies based in Vancouver

Novus Entertainment


The Consulate General of the United States in Jerusalem was the diplomatic mission of the United States of America accredited to the Palestinian population of the West Bank (including Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip. In May 2018, the United States moved its embassy in Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. In mid-October 2018, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced that the Consulate General would merge with the US Embassy in Jerusalem and that relations with the Palestinians would be conducted through a special Palestinian affairs unit inside the embassy. On March 4, 2019, the Consulate General officially ceased operations and merged with the US Embassy in Jerusalem.

History
The US Consulate was opened in 1844 in Old Jerusalem, inside Jaffa Gate, in what is today the Swedish Center for Christian Studies. In the late 19th century, the consulate was moved to Al-Anbiya Street. In 1912, it was moved to Kershon Akron Street, in what is now West Jerusalem. The main building, one of the first houses built outside the old city walls, was built in 1868 by the German Lutheran missionary Ferdinand Vester. On May 23, 1948, Consul General Thomas Wesson was assassinated. In 1952, the consulate rented another building on Nablus Road, East Jerusalem. On December 1, 2017, two senior US officials revealed that US President Donald Trump is likely to deliver a speech, Wednesday, December 6, in which he recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and will postpone the transfer of the US embassy in Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.

References

foreign relations of the United States

Consulate General of the United States, Jerusalem


Rocketplane Limited, Inc. was a spacecraft design and development company headquartered in De Pere, Wisconsin. After filing for bankruptcy, the company reincorporated as Rocketplane Global Inc.

History
Rocketplane Limited, Inc. was incorporated under the laws of the state of Oklahoma on 16 July 2001. After going bankrupt, it was bought out of bankruptcy, and renamed to Rocketplane Global. As of April, 2017, it is incorporated in Delaware. The corporation's founders envisioned building a rocketplane that would send passengers more than 330,000 feet (100 km) above the Earth and launch satellites.  In 2004, Rocketplane Limited was designated a Qualified Space Transportation Provider by the State of Oklahoma under the guidelines specified in SB 817.  With this designation, the State of Oklahoma awarded to Rocketplane re-sellable tax credits that were used to initiate operations, develop facilities, and recruit the required engineering staff.

Rocketplane Global Inc. (A Delaware company) is the current name of the company. Rocketplane Global Inc. is the successor of Pioneer Rocketplane, Rocketplane Limited of Oklahoma, Rocketplane Kistler, and Rocketplane Global LLC.

Pioneer Rocketplane and Rocketplane Kistler have been dissolved.  Kistler Space Systems has replaced the Kistler part of Rocketplane Kistler. Rocketplane Kistler owned the intellectual property of Pioneer.

George French, CEO of Rocketplane Limited, announced on 27 February 2006 that he was purchasing Kistler Aerospace for an undisclosed sum, and renaming it Rocketplane Kistler. Kistler Aerospace had designed and begun construction of the K-1 launch vehicle, a fully reusable two-stage to orbit launcher, but filed for bankruptcy before the vehicle could be completed. French used the K-1 to bid for commercial crew and cargo resupply contracts to the International Space Station under the NASA COTS (Commercial Orbital Transportation Services) program.  This contract was awarded jointly to SpaceX and Rocketplane Kistler on 18 August 2006.

Space tourism

Rocketplane Limited intended to fly space tourism flights using the Rocketplane XP spaceplane it was building.  It had announced plans to fly the XP in 2007, but on August 31, 2007 its chief executive officer, Calvin Burgess, said test flights would be delayed until 2009 and commercial flights were pushed back until at least 2010. Rocketplane anticipated ticket prices of US$200,000 for a seat on a suborbital flight, including 4 minutes of weightlessness, with an apogee of over 100 kilometers altitude.

Bankruptcy
Space News, Aviation Week and the Oklahoma Gazette reported layoffs and funding problems. These publications reported, "Rocketplane Kistler officials failed to meet a funding deadline mandated by a NASA contract to build a reusable rocket ..."

Space News reported in a June 25, 2007 story, "... if RpK [Rocketplane Kistler] misses the new deadline, it would be the fourth time the company has gone back to NASA and requested an extension."

On October 18, 2007, NASA discontinued its agreement with Rocketplane Kistler, and announced that the remaining $175 million commitment to the project would be made available to other companies. On October 19, the company appealed the decision, and asked NASA to reconsider the termination or, alternatively, pay $10 million in costs incurred to date.

In February 2009, Rocketplane vacated its Oklahoma City headquarters building. According to Oklahoma State Representative David Dank, Rocketplane no longer has any presence in the state, but they left with no debt owing to Oklahoma. Rocketplane filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy and liquidation in July 2010.

Out of bankruptcy
In 2011 Rocketplane Limited's assets were sold in an auction and bought by George French and John Burgener. The assets were rolled into the new company Rocketplane Global LLC, based in De Pere, Wisconsin. Focus moved from passenger flights with the XP spaceplane to satellites with the  Pathfinder / XS larger rocketplane. Rocketplane Global significantly updated and revised the Pathfinder plans to submit a bid for DARPA's XS-1 program, but did not win a contract. Rocketplane Global moved its state of incorporation to Delaware in April, 2017, to allow for better financing opportunities.

Recent History
Rocketplane Global Inc. has one of the most affordable designs to provide reusable launch services for small to medium satellites. With an expected retail price of $20 million per launch, and a 2,000 kg payload to LEO, Rocketplane Global can provide launch services at half the present retail pricing on launches. Rocketplane Global has agreements to launch over 100 satellites starting in 2021 - 2022 if it can obtain sufficient funding in 2017.

The XS design
Rocketplane Global's XS design follows on the work done on the XP passenger vehicle and continues using jet engines for take off and flight to altitude. It then loads on LOX and fuel from a tanker airplane, and then fires its rocket engines and flies to 100+ km, where it releases a second stage booster to carry the satellite(s) to orbit. With a totally reusable first stage, and an expendable second stage, the costs are minimized and the system is more reliable than trying to land vertical take off and landing rockets.

See also
Black Horse (rocket)
List of private spaceflight companies
Rocketplane Kistler
Virgin Galactic

References

External links
Company home page
Rocketplane Global Talks to the Space Fellowship about the New Rocketplane XP configuration – International Space Fellowship

Space tourism
Private spaceflight companies
Space access
Companies established in 2001
Aerospace companies of the United States

Rocketplane Limited, Inc.


The Alaska Goldpanners of Fairbanks are a collegiate summer baseball team which was founded in 1960 as an independent barnstorming team. The Goldpanners were charter members of the Alaska Baseball League at the league's inception in 1974. The Goldpanners play their home games at Growden Memorial Park in Fairbanks, Alaska, United States. They also host the annual Midnight Sun Game at their home venue.

Like other amateur collegiate summer baseball teams, the Goldpanners operate in a similar manner to professional minor league organizations: playing a nightly schedule, using wooden bats, and with lengthy road trips facing advanced competition. Facing a unique challenge due to Fairbanks' isolated location, the Goldpanners often play teams from the rest of Alaska and the West Coast of the Lower 48.

History
Founded by H. A. Boucher in 1960, Fairbanks' baseball team first made national news when the Pan-Alaska Gold Panners appeared in the  1962 National Baseball Congress championship game. Following a business re-organization led by W.G. Stroecker in 1963, the team changed was renamed the Alaska Goldpanners.

From 1970 to 1972, the Goldpanners were a member of the Big West Conference, along with the Anchorage Glacier Pilots, Humboldt Crabs, Grand Junction Eagles, and Bellingham Bells. In 1967, the Goldpanners were in the inaugural Western Baseball Association with Humboldt, Grand Junction, Bellingham, and the Santa Rosa Rosebuds.

In 1974, the Goldpanners were founding members of the Alaska Baseball League.

In 2008, former Goldpanner Bill "Spaceman" Lee returned to Fairbanks as an alumnus of the Midnight Sun Game.  During his time with the club, which included a win for Lee in the Midnight Sun Game, Bill declared that the Goldpanners were "the number one amateur baseball organization in history."

The Goldpanners played the 2011 season with a shortened independent schedule due to financial difficulties.

The Goldpanners announced in September 2015 that they were leaving the league and would instead play a barnstorming schedule so that they would be available to play in the National Baseball Congress championship game which is held before the end of the ABL season; this decision angered representatives of the ABL, who threatened not to let the team back into the league. Alaska baseball writer Rick Boots attempted to mediate an agreement twice to reconcile the Goldpanners and the ABL in 2018 and 2019, but at least one team refused to consider the notion and three others raised multiple concerns about readmitting the team, among them travel expenses. In 2020, they applied to rejoin the league for the 2021 season and were denied, as the league was not in the financial position to take on the extra expense at the time, with the ABL stating the team would be welcome to reapply in 2022. The team again applied for re-entry into the ABL in 2023 but were rejected for unclear reasons.

League and Tournament Wins

1960 North of the Range League
1961 North of the Range League
1961 Alaska Regional NBC Tournament
1962 North of the Range League
1962 Alaska Regional NBC Tournament
1962 Alaska Regional NBC Tournament
1964 Alaska Regional NBC Tournament
1966 Hawaii International baseball tournament
1966 World baseball tournament
1970 Alaska Baseball League
1970 Big West Conference Tournament
1972 Alaska Baseball League
1972 National Baseball Congress World Series
1973 Alaska World Series
1973 National Baseball Congress World Series
1974 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
1974 National Baseball Congress World Series
1974 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
1975 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
1976 National Baseball Congress World Series
1976 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
1977 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
1978 Alaska Baseball League
1979 Alaska Baseball League
1980 Alaska Baseball League
1980 National Baseball Congress World Series
1981 Alaska Baseball League
1982 Alaska Baseball League
1983 Alaska Baseball League
1984 Alaska Baseball League
1986 Alaska Baseball League Pacific Division
1988 U.S. Open Baseball Tournament - Tahoe
1990 U.S. Open Baseball Tournament - Ontario
1991 Alaska Baseball League
1993 Alaska Federation
1994 Alaska Baseball League
1994 Alaska baseball tournament
1995 Alaska Federation
1995 Alaska Baseball League
1996 Hawaii International Baseball Tournament
2001 Wood Bat Invitation Tournament
2002 Alaska Baseball League
2002 National Baseball Congress World Series
2003 Alaska Baseball League
2003 Wood Bat Invitation Tournament
2005 Alaska Baseball League
2009 Kamloops, B.C., International Baseball Tournament
2013 Barona Bash Invitational Tournament
2013 Alaska Baseball League
2014 Alaska Baseball League
2019 Grand Forks International Baseball Tournament

Notable alumni

Mike Boddicker
Barry Bonds
Bob Boone
Bret Boone
Pete Broberg
Roger Clemens
Bobby Crosby
Alvin Davis
Terry Francona
Jason Giambi
Aaron Heilman
Kevin Higgins
Adam Kennedy
Dave Kingman
Bill "Spaceman" Lee
Travis Lee
Don Leppert
Shane Mack
Oddibe McDowell
Kevin McReynolds
Kris Medlen
Andy Messersmith
Rick Monday
Curt Motton
Graig Nettles
Brendan Ryan
Tom Seaver
Dave Winfield
Michael Young
Alex Vesia

Midnight Sun game

First held in 1906, the annual Midnight Sun Game is held yearly in Fairbanks, hosted by the Goldpanners.  The game, which begins at 10:30 PM on the night of the summer solstice, has gained the attention of international media.

Baseball America declared the game one of the "10 Must-See Baseball Events."  In 2005, ESPN spotlighted the game during "50 States in 50 Days."  ESPN The Magazine called the event the "#8 Ultimate Baseball Experience."  The Sporting News declared that on the 21st of June, "Fairbanks is the Baseball Capitol of America".   In 2012, Yankees Magazine declared the game "Baseball's Most Natural Promotion".

Quotes
"I've been lucky enough to attend many World Series, All-Star Games and Opening Days but the Midnight Sun Game is in a league of its own." – Greg S. Harris, National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum.

"Everybody should have an opportunity to come to Alaska and see the Midnight Sun Game."  – Bobby Doerr, Boston Red Sox alumnus and Major League Baseball Hall of Famer

2022 roster

Manager: Mark Lindsay
Assistant Coaches: Ryan Handon, Marcus Mastrobuoni and Jake Taylor
Pitchers
RJ Aranda
Ian Torpey
Corey Braun
Garrett Cooper
Nolan Meredith
Raymond Padilla
Matthew Pinal
Ethan Remmers
Logan Smith
Andrew Troppmann
Steven Vazquez
Kegan Wentz
Catchers
Rafael Flores
Brock Rudy
Issac Schuck
Infielders
Cole Alexander
Alex Garcia
Griffin Harrison
Caleb Millikan
Marty Munoz
Tate Shimao
Dalton Sloniger
Outfielders
Cayden Clark
Dominic Hughes
Brock Kleszcz
Sean Rimmer

References

External links

 Alaska Baseball League

1960 establishments in Alaska
Alaska Baseball League
Amateur baseball teams in Alaska
Sports in Fairbanks, Alaska
Baseball teams established in 1960
Baseball teams in Alaska

Alaska Goldpanners of Fairbanks


Magic Island was a science-fantasy radio serial syndicated in the late 1930s and 1940s. The series had 130 15-minute episodes, and all episodes have survived.

The storyline followed wealthy Patricia Gregory as she ended her 14-year search in the South Pacific for her long lost daughter Joan. When Joan was one year old, the Gregory yacht was shipwrecked near the 30th parallel south. Lashed to a lifeboat, Joan was presumed lost by all but Patricia. In the opening episode, she receives a tip about a white girl living on a mysterious island populated by scientifically advanced people in the Pacific. After the reunion of mother and daughter, the program dramatized their subsequent adventures on the island, which could submerge to escape detection.

Targeted at a juvenile audience, Magic Island featured Sally Creighton as Patricia Gregory, Rosa Barcelo as Joan Gregory, Tommy Carr as Jerry Hall and Will H. Reynolds as Capt. Tex Bradford.

The producer-writer was Perry (Percy C.) Crandall, who was also a cast member and the program's announcer.  Crandall, who had acted in stock companies in the 1920s, was a continuity writer in the early 1930s for Hollywood station KNX, where "Magic Island" was first presented in 1935. He also produced "Si and Elmer", a hayseed amateur detective serial, while there in 1932. He was with San Diego station KBD just before moving in 1937 to Atlas Radio Corp., Hollywood, when it placed Magic Island in syndication. Atlas released the series in that year's transcription-syndication catalog and it continued in trade paper syndication listings for Radio Producers of Hollywood well into the 1940s.  Crandall died of pneumonia in January, 1939, at age 38,  just as the recorded series was finding an audience as a transcription feature.

Characters
Mrs. Patricia Gregory (Sally Creighton) – a wealthy widow searching for her shipwrecked daughter, Joan. It is implied in the series that she is a highly connected U.S. government agent.
Cleostra/Joan Gregory (Rosa Barcelo) – the 15-year-old daughter of Patricia found alive and well on the island of Euclidia.
Captain Tex Bradford – Mrs. Gregory's right-hand man in her search for Joan. It is implied in the series that he is a highly connected U.S. government agent as well as being an inventor.
Jerry Hall – the boy who overheard a radio message from Euclidia regarding Joan; accompanies the Gregory party to the Magic Island.
G-47 – the scientist who rules Euclidia.
"Girl Submarine Commander"/Elaine (voiced by the same actor as Carmen Bandini in Jerry of the Circus) – the commander of the submarine fleet of Euclidia who becomes a member of the Gregory party during the series.

Influence
The television series Lost has several plot parallels with Magic Island.

See also
The Cinnamon Bear – another 1930s-era radio program intended for juvenile audiences
Jerry of the Circus – 1936 series about an orphan boy's adventures with the circus (not the same Jerry as the one in Magic Island). Its sequel was Jerry at Fair Oaks.
Land of the Lost – 1943–48 radio fantasy

Listen to

References

External links
The Definitive: Magic Island article and log
Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs: Magic Island

1930s American radio programs
1935 radio programme debuts
1935 radio programme endings
American radio dramas
American children's radio programs

Magic Island (radio series)


The Adventures of Ook and Gluk: Kung-Fu Cavemen from the Future is a graphic novel by Dav Pilkey, the second spin-off of the Captain Underpants series. The book is credited to Captain Underpants characters "George Beard" as the author and "Harold Hutchins" as the illustrator.

The plot of the book involves George and Harold, the lead characters from Pilkey's Captain Underpants series, complaining that scientists do not know everything, so they make a comic book about science facts.

In March 2021, the author and publisher announced that the book was being removed from the market for perpetuating harmful stereotypes.

Plot

Introduction
The book begins with a scientific disclaimer by professor Gaylord M. Sneedly, saying that the book "contains many scientific errors and stuff." He stated that dinosaurs and cavemen did not live at the same time, as dinosaurs lived 64 million years before cavemen. He then stated that he should know about it, since he was a recipient of "The Most Brilliantest Science Guy of the Whole Wide World Award" in 2003, a reference to the seventh Captain Underpants book.

However, George and Harold refute this via a "scientific disclaimer disclaimer". They said that scientists make theories based on evidence they discovered, and that every day, all kinds of new evidence are being discovered. They also mentioned that they have a time machine, and have been time traveling to the future and past, discovering much evidence that scientists had no knowledge of, including dinosaurs and cavemen living at the same time. George and Harold stated that "scientists won't discover that until 2073." So they made "the world's first book based on science facts".

Main plot
The real story begins in Cave-land Ohio, 500,001 BC, when the tribal leader of Cave-land, Big Chief Goppernopper, forces Gak, the older sister of Ook, to marry him in order to keep Ook and Gluk from bothering him. After saving her from a sandpit, the two Cave-kids befriend one of the dinosaur species Mog-Mog and her baby, and stop the wedding. Angered, Goppernopper walks away until he meets his descendant, J.P, who is the CEO from 2222 A.D. The Goppernoppers steals natural resources from caveman days through a time portal, since natural resources will be used up by that year. Ex-Chief goes back to the past and forces every cave-person in Cave-land to belong to the Goppernopper Enterprises. The Cave-kids and the baby Mog-Mog are shoveling until the Goppernoppers take them to 2222 to torture them, but the baby helps them escape and the three hide in Master Wong's School of Kung-Fu.

Ook and Gluk grow up, training under Master Wong for 7 years, but the cave-kids have to give the right answer: "Who is the greatest man?" When it's time to save their people, they finally answer: nobody. Wong finally awards them black belts. They and their dinosaur friend Lily travel back to caveman days (in 500,008 BC) and free the slaves. Goppernopper returns and orders his Mecha-saurs to attack the cave kids and dinosaur, but they spray-paint on the Enterprises building, then an explosive tank, which also destroys the Mecha-saurs themselves. Goppernopper sends them a letter, that Wong and Lan will be executed if the kids won't surrender. Back to 2229, Ook and Gluk plead with the Goppernoppers that they will do anything to satisfy them and they handcuff the three, but vows to execute them all. Wong tells them to remember their training, then, when J.P prepares his ray, the Cave-kids ask: Who is the greatest man? J.P and Chief answer themselves and their argument eventually makes J.P. shoot and kill Chief, which accidentally erases himself and his damage on the world from history. The Cave-kids and Lily run back to the disappearing portal, but Ook soon returns for Lan, who agrees to be his cave wife and they warp back together, while 2229 receives a brighter and peaceful future. Lily finally reunites with her mother, while the Cave-kids, Lan and the dinosaurs return happily to Cave-land.

Caveman Speak

The final chapter teaches the comic readers how to speak in "caveman language". Many examples are given to translate normal English to caveman speak. The book also includes a 12-part "How-2-Draw" series depicting how to draw characters like Gluk in 32 easy steps.

Characters
 Ook Schadowski – a Caveman who is best friends with Gluk. He loses the same tooth twice throughout the story. Ook later marries Lan.
 Gluk Jones – a Caveman who is the best friend of Ook, he later on married Ook's sister Gak, he has had an afro ever since birth.
 Gak Schadowski – Ook's sister who later becomes Gluk's wife.
 Master Derrick Wong – Ook and Gluk's kung-fu teacher from the 23rd century, who taught the two heroes kung-fu for many years. He is the father of Lan. It is unknown about his wife, so it is assumed he is either a widower or is divorced.
 Lan Wong – Master Wong's daughter, who later becomes Ook's wife and moves to Caveland to have her marriage, leaving her father.
 Mog-Mog – a tyrannosaurus rex who hated Ook and Gluk when they were kids, but became friends after Ook and Gluk saved her life.
 Lily Mog – Mog-Mog's dinosaur daughter. Lan named her Lily after her favorite flower; she always vomited when spinning in circles. After she was separated from Mog-Mog after Chief Goppernopper's destruction, Ook and Gluk had to look after Lily.
 Big Chief Goppernopper – The dictator of Caveland and one of the two main antagonists.
 Big Chief Goppernopper's Guards
 J.P. Goppernopper – The chief executive officer of Goppernopper Enterprises and the descendant of Chief Goppernopper. He is one of the two main antagonists. A play on John D. Rockefeller, the famous oil tycoon.
 J.P. Goppernopper's Workers
 The Mechasaurs – They are a robotic T-Rex, Triceratops and Pterodactyl. They are Big Chief Goppernopper's robot dinosaurs who attempt to attack Ook and Gluk.
 Gluk Jones Jr. – The son of Gluk and Gak Jones.
 Ook Schadowski Jr. – The son of Ook and Lan Schadowski.
 George Beard – Author of Captain Underpants. (Only appeared in the About the Author and Illustrator page).
 Harold Hutchins – Illustrator of Captain Underpants, Super Diaper Baby, The Amazing Cow Lady and Hairy Potty. (Only appeared in the About the Author and Illustrator page).
 Professor Gaylord Sneedly - The scientist and father of Melvin Sneedly, George and Harold's nemesis.

Reception
The book was at #2 on the New York Times hardcover graphic novel best-sellers list its first week of release, and remained at first place for six consecutive weeks. It served 33 weeks on the list, its period on the list overlapping with the paperback edition's presence on the paperback best sellers list.

School Library Journal described the book's humor as "completely immature, and for the target audience, completely hilarious". Booklist suggested that the book would "appeal to those who like silly adventures, puke-based humor, and kung-fu fighting."

Removal from market
On March 25, 2021, Dav Pilkey announced on his YouTube channel stating that he and Scholastic have removed the book from print due to some stereotyping harmful to Asians.

According to the video, all money that Pilkey and his wife have made from the book will be donated to "charities that provide free books, art supplies, and theater for children in underserved communities; organizations that promote diversity in children's books and publishing; and organizations designed to stop Asian hatred."

References

2010 American novels
2010 graphic novels
Comics set in the Stone Age
Comics set in the 23rd century
Comics about time travel
Comics spin-offs
Captain Underpants novels
American children's novels
Works by Dav Pilkey
Novels about race and ethnicity
Martial arts comics
Prehistoric people in popular culture
2010 children's books
Race-related controversies in literature
Race-related controversies in comics
Blue Sky Press books
Children's books set in Ohio
Children's books set in prehistory
Children's books about time travel
Children's books set in the 23rd century


is a Japanese visual novel that was released by Princess Soft. It was brought to the U.S. by the Hirameki International Group. It was one of the first interactive dating games to be translated into English (although there was never an English voice dub for the US release). Originally, it was released exclusively in Japan in a PlayStation 2 format that could only be played on Japanese systems. Later, a PC version, also exclusively Japanese, was released, only this time with erotic content added to it. The U.S. version was released as an interactive DVD that didn't contain sexual content.

Hourglass of Summer also has a 2 episode OVA that was released in Japan. It was animated by Rikuentai and Picture Magic, with direction by Takahiro Okao, scripts by Isao Shizuya, character designs by Yasunari Nitta, and music composed by Yuuichi Oota and Ryou Sakai.

Plot

The story revolves around a Japanese sophomore named Kotaro Makimura.  As the school year ends and summer vacation approaches, he decides to admit his feelings to his crush, the beautiful Kaho Serizawa.  As hopeless as the situation looks to his best friends Ai and Takeshi, he is determined to make Kaho his girlfriend by the end of summer vacation.  However, on his way home, he has a collision with a mysterious stranger, and ends up getting covered in a strange multi-colored powder.  When he wakes up the next day, he finds himself waking up on September 1 - the first day of the next school year.  He also learns that Kaho, who had been his girlfriend, had died in a car accident.  Eventually, Kotaro discovers that he has begun  day-dropping, in which he skips days, and goes back and forth in time through different days of the summer vacation.  With the help of Ligene the Time Patroller (also translated as Lee Jane), Kotaro must win Kaho's heart and prevent her death before he runs out of time.

Although Kaho is the girl that Kotaro aspires for at the beginning of the game, the player can choose different decisions that will eventually lead him to relationships with one of the other four girls.  Of course, the wrong decisions could result in an ending in which Kotaro wins the affections of none of them.  Although the objective of the game is to become the boyfriend of one of the girls, some of these other endings can be the only way to view certain images not found in the other paths.

References

External links
 Official website of Princess Soft

2002 video games
Bishōjo games
Eroge
Japan-exclusive video games
PlayStation 2 games
PrincessSoft games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in Japan
Visual novels
Windows games
Xbox games
Hirameki International games

Hourglass of Summer


ALERT is a medical facility on the edge of Addis Ababa, specializing in Hansen's disease, also known as "leprosy". It was originally the All Africa Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Center (hence the acronym), but the official name is now expanded to include tuberculosis: All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training Centre.

ALERT's activities focus on its hospital, rehabilitation of leprosy patients, training programs for leprosy personnel from around the world, and leprosy control (administration of the Ethiopian Ministry of Health's regional leprosy control program).  From the beginning, ALERT provided leprosy training for medical students from Addis Ababa University.  Also at ALERT is the Armauer Hansen Research Institute (AHRI), founded in 1970, specializing in leprosy research.   There is currently a 240-bed teaching hospital, which includes dermatology, ophthalmology, and surgery departments, also an orthopedic workshop, and a rehabilitation program.

ALERT is the continuation and expansion of the leprosy hospital originally built by Dr. Thomas Lambie in 1922, which was later named the Princess Zänäbä Wärq Hospital.  A memorandum to found ALERT was signed Dec. 11, 1965 by representatives of the Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa University, the International Society for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled, The Leprosy Mission, and Dr. Eugene Kellersberger of the American Leprosy Mission, who had had the vision for establishing such a multifaceted center and had been the main promoter of the project.

Literature
 Unseth, Peter. 2003. "ALERT", Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vol. 1, edited by Siegbert Uhlig, p. 194,195. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
 Vass, Winifred K. (1999). Doctor Not Afraid, 2nd ed.  Dallas, TX (USA).

External links
All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis and Rehabilitation Training (ALERT) Centre described by the World Health Organization

Hospitals in Ethiopia
Medical education in Ethiopia
Teaching hospitals
Buildings and structures in Addis Ababa

ALERT (medical facility)


Wilbur Clyde Schwandt (June 28, 1904 in Manitowoc, Wisconsin – July 23, 1998 in Miami, Florida) was an American musician best known for his song "Dream a Little Dream of Me" with Fabian Andre and Gus Kahn. He frequently used the stage name Don Swan and released many Latin jazz albums in the 1950s and 1960s.

Career
Born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, on June 28, 1904, he studied composition at the University of Chicago and became an arranger for various big bands, including comedian Bob Hope's touring show. In 1940, he became an arranger for Xavier Cugat's orchestra, a position he would hold for the next 20 years. He was an arranger and composer for Latin lounge musicians such as Skinnay Ennis and Freddy Martin as well as Latin dance musicians such as Perez Prado and Desi Arnaz.

In the late 1950s Schwandt was signed to Liberty Records as a recording artist and recorded five Latin lounge LPs, beginning with Mucho Cha Cha Cha. Subsequent LPs like All This and Cha Cha Too, Hot Cha Cha, and two volumes of Latino! featured an all-star ensemble of west coast musicians. The success of his albums allowed Swan to form a touring group with whom he played extensively in New York City and Las Vegas.

Schwandt retired from music in the mid-60s and eventually moved to Miami, Florida, where he died July 23, 1998, at the age of 94.

References

External links
 Discography at Discogs

1904 births
1998 deaths
Songwriters from Wisconsin
People from Manitowoc, Wisconsin
Latin jazz bandleaders
American bandleaders
20th-century American composers

Wilbur Schwandt


Ivanhoe is a 1997 American/British television mini-series based on the 1819 novel Ivanhoe by Sir Walter Scott. It was produced by the BBC and A&E Network and consisted of six 50 minute episodes.

Plot
This adaptation of Sir Walter Scott's novel is set in 1192 AD and depicts a disinherited knight who is accused of treachery. He returns anonymously to his home in England, to clear his name and win his lady love. King Richard had been a prisoner in an Austrian dungeon, but is now returning to an England ruled by Prince John. The production claims realism, mainly through a depiction of a very rough and poverty stricken time; the producers claim this is in contrast to earlier, "sanitized" versions. People wear layers of often old, sometimes ragged clothing to keep the cold out, are sometimes dirty, and have long shaggy hair and beards.

TV episodes

Episode 1:
The knight and crusader Ivanhoe is released from an Austrian prison after refusing to betray King Richard. He returns to England, where it is rumored that he did betray the King. Ivanhoe must clear his name and save his beloved Rowena from a loveless marriage to Prince Athelstane. Disguised as a pilgrim, he comes to the aid of a stranger, Isaac of York, who offers Ivanhoe a chance to compete in Prince John's tournament.

Episode 2:
At the tournament, Ivanhoe defeats the Norman knights and earns the enmity of Prince John. In the second day of tournament, the Prince champions a group of his Norman henchmen, including the former crusader Bois-Guilbert, against Ivanhoe and the Saxons. Ivanhoe is joined by the mysterious Black Knight, and Bois-Guilbert and the Normans are defeated.

Episode 3:
Wounded in the tournament against the Normans, Ivanhoe is tended to by the beautiful healer Rebecca, daughter of Isaac of York. Meanwhile, Bois-Guilbert schemes to steal Rowena for one of his cohorts. Disguised as outlaws, the Normans storm the Saxon camp, kidnapping Rowena, Ivanhoe, his father, Rebecca and Isaac.

Episode 4:
Robin Hood and his allies, along with the Black Knight, prepare to attack the castle where Ivanhoe and his companions are held. Inside, Rebecca and Ivanhoe discover their love for one another. When the castle is stormed, the Saxons save Rowena from Bois-Guilbert. He then kidnaps Rebecca, whom he secretly loves, and they flee as the castle burns.

Episode 5:
An attempt is made on the Black Knight's life, and he reveals himself as King Richard to his outlaw comrades. Meanwhile, John sentences Rebecca to burn as a witch, and her only chance for survival is to demand a trial by combat. Bois-Guilbert will act as the court's champion—but who will defend the honor of Rebecca?

Episode 6:
King Richard assures his supporters that Ivanhoe never betrayed him, clearing the way for Ivanhoe's marriage to Rowena. Ivanhoe then learns of Rebecca's fate, and a devastated Rowena begs him not to ride to her defense. But Ivanhoe will not miss the chance to fight Bois-Guilbert—and finally right old wrongs.

Cast
 Steven Waddington as Ivanhoe
 Ciaran Madden as Urfried
 Ciarán Hinds as Bois Guilbert
 Susan Lynch as Rebecca
 Jimmy Chisholm as Wamba
 Nick Brimble as Front de Boeuf
 Valentine Pelka as Maurice de Bracy
 David Nicholls as Little John
 James Cosmo as Cedric
 Chris Walker as Athelstane
 Simon Donald as Louis Winklebrand
Roger Ashton-Griffiths as Prior Aymer
 Dermot Keaney as Brother Ambrose
 Trevor Cooper as Gurth
 Ron Donachie as Friar Tuck
 Aden Gillett as Robin of Locksley
 David Horovitch as Isaac
 Rory Edwards as King Richard
 Victoria Smurfit as Rowena
 Peter Guinness as Montfitchet
 Christopher Lee as Beaumanoir
 Jack Klaff as Malvoisin
 Peter Needham as Abbot
 David Barrass as Hubert
 Renny Krupinski as Bardon
 Ralph Brown as Prince John
 Ronald Pickup as Fitzurse
 Siân Phillips as Eleanor of Aquitaine

Experts behind the series

 Stunt Coordinator: Gareth Milne
 Horse Master: Steve Dent
 Sword Master: Nick Powell
 Stunt Performers: Joss Gower, Nick Hobbs, Nrinder Dhudwar, Tom Lucy
 Historical Advisor: Christopher Gravett
 Judaica Advisor: Lewis Glinert
 Armourer: Rob Partridge

Production
Parts of the series were shot at Doune Castle, Hermitage Castle in the Scottish Borders and at Craigmillar Castle and Blackness Castle near Edinburgh.

Home media
The series was released on a set of 6 VHS tapes and also on a 2 DVD set.

See also
List of historical drama films

References

External links

BBC television dramas
1990s British television miniseries
Television shows based on Ivanhoe
Fiction set in the 1190s
Television series set in the 12th century
1997 British television series debuts
1997 British television series endings
1990s British drama television series
British adventure television series
Television series produced at Pinewood Studios
English-language television shows
Films shot in Edinburgh
Films shot in the Scottish Borders

Ivanhoe (1997 TV series)


The Polynesian Voyaging Society (PVS) is a non-profit research and educational corporation based in Honolulu, Hawaii. PVS was established to research and perpetuate traditional Polynesian voyaging methods. Using replicas of traditional double-hulled canoes, PVS undertakes voyages throughout Polynesia navigating  without modern instruments.

Through reclaiming traditional voyaging and wayfinding, the Polynesian Voyaging Society also works and seeks to revitalize Polynesian culture. Fostering the uncovering, recovering, and reclaiming of Hawaiian and Polynesian ways, such as language, dance, skills, allows people to (re)learn to value their relationships with themselves, others, and the natural and cultural environments. PVS voyages throughout Moananuiākea (the Pacific Ocean) to reconnect islands and people and uplift traditional Polynesian culture. After hundreds of years of colonization and isolation of islands in Moananuiākea, sharing knowledge and connecting communities is essential in protecting values and places that have been and are more rapidly disappearing.

History
The society was founded in 1973 by nautical anthropologist Ben Finney, Hawaiian artist Herb Kawainui Kane, and sailor Charles Tommy Holmes. The three wanted to show that ancient Polynesians could have purposely settled the Polynesian Triangle using non-instrument navigation. The first PVS project was to build a replica of a double-hulled voyaging canoe.

In the genesis of the Society, the East–West Center was instrumental in convincing the UN authorities in the Pacific of the necessity of the project. The navigator Pius "Mau" Piailug, master of the techniques of traditional navigation, was named Special Fellow by the Center.

Hōkūleʻa

On March 8, 1975, the first voyaging canoe to be built in the Hawaiian Islands in over 600 years was launched  with captain Kawika Kapahulehua and crew.  Named the Hōkūleʻa, it left Hawaii on May 1, 1976 for Tahiti in an attempt to retrace the ancient voyaging route.  Micronesian navigator Mau Piailug, using no instruments, successfully navigated the canoe to Tahiti, arriving there on June 3, 1976.

After an attempted voyage to Tahiti in 1978 was aborted when the Hokulea capsized near Lānai and crew member Eddie Aikau was lost at sea, Piailug trained Nainoa Thompson in the ancient navigation methods.  Two years later in 1980, Thompson replicated the successful 1976 voyage to Tahiti, becoming the first modern Hawaiian to master the art of Micronesian navigation.

Since that voyage, the Hokulea and her sister canoe the Hawaiiloa (built 1991–94) have undertaken voyages to other islands in Polynesia, including Samoa, Tonga, and New Zealand. More recently, in 2012 the Polynesian Voyaging Society built a further sister ship, the Hikianalia.

From 2014 to 2017, Nainoa Thompson and the Mālama Honua Worldwide Voyage engaged on a 3-year trip to visit 13 marine World Heritage Sites around the world. UNESCO and the Polynesian Voyaging Society had signed a partnership agreement to promote those historical sites through PVS' sailing adventures.

Hōkūleʻa is a symbol of hope rooted in traditions of exploration and discovery. Wayfinding on the wa'a is "a testament to the success of our oceanic ancestors in the face of enormous adversity.  It is about the universal quest for a better life, the marriage of will and knowledge, the spirit and flame of new hope.  Like our mariner ancestors, we will continue to leave the safety of distant shores, and in doing so, we will discover the stars."

Makalii
The Makali'i was built on Hawaii (island). It was launched at Kawaihae on Saturday, February 4, 1995. Her maiden voyage was to Taputapuatea, Ra'iatea, in Tahiti Nui, and Nukuhiva in the Marquesas Islands in 1995, as part of Nā Ohana Holo Moana (The Voyaging Families of the Vast Ocean).

Alingano Maisu
On January 23, 2007 the Hokulea and the Alingano Maisu set sail on a voyage to Micronesia and Japan. In March 2007, the canoes arrived at Piailug's home island of Satawal where five native Hawaiians and sixteen others were inducted into Pwo as master navigators. The event was the first Pwo ceremony on Satawal in 50 years and the Alingano Maisu was presented to Piailug as a gift for his contribution in reviving wayfinding navigation.

Funding
The Times Online reported in March 2009 that the US Congress had earmarked $238,000 for the Polynesian Voyaging Society. The funding was targeted by John McCain as pork-barrel-funding.

Recognition
2015: Nainoa Thompson is awarded the Asia Pacific Community Building Award by the East–West Center

References

 Ben R. Finney; Sailing in the Wake of the Ancestors: Reviving Polynesian Voyaging (Bishop Museum Press, 2004 )
 Ben R. Finney; Voyage of Rediscovery: A Cultural Odyssey Through Polynesia (University of California Press, 1994 )
 Will Kyselka; An Ocean in Mind (University of Hawaii Press, 1987 )
 David Lewis; We, the Navigators: The Ancient Art of Landfinding in the Pacific (University of Hawaii Press; 1994 )

External links
 National Geographic interview of Lehua Kamalu
Navigators' journey of spirit, skill ends
Polynesian Voyaging Society official site

Hawaii culture
Organizations based in Hawaii
Yachting associations
Hōkūleʻa
Polynesian navigation
Maritime organizations
1973 establishments in Hawaii
Organizations established in 1973

Polynesian Voyaging Society


Joseph Foveaux (1767 – 20 March 1846) was a soldier and convict settlement administrator in colonial New South Wales, Australia.

Early life
Foveaux was baptised on 6 April 1767 at Ampthill, Bedfordshire, England, the sixth child of Joseph Foveaux and his wife Elizabeth, née Wheeler. Family tradition maintains he was actually born almost a year earlier, on 10 April 1766.

Foveaux was an ensign in the 60th regiment and then joined the New South Wales Corps in June 1789 as lieutenant and reached Sydney in 1791. There he was promoted to major and, as senior officer between August 1796 and November 1799, he controlled the Corps at a time when the senior officers were making fortunes from trading and extending their lands.  He soon became the largest landholder and stock-owner in the colony.

Norfolk island
In 1800, having established a reputation as an able and efficient administrator, Foveaux offered to go to Norfolk Island as Lieutenant-Governor. Finding the island run down, he built it up with particular attention to public works, for which he earned the praise of Governor King.

During this period, part of the first settlement of Norfolk Island (1788–1814), Norfolk Island was basically a free settlement with convicts making up no more than 10 per cent of the population.  While some individuals were sent from Sydney as a means of isolation, the Island was not a place of secondary punishment as it became in the second settlement (1825–1855).

Joseph Holt, a general during the 1798 Irish Rebellion, was imprisoned at Norfolk Island for a time in April 1804. Holt described him(Foveaux) as the greatest tyrant he had ever known in his memoirs. Holt wrote about the overjoyed inhabitants of the island upon his departure, and said, "If I could have bought or borrowed a pistol, the world, I think, would soon have been rid of this man-killer, Foveaux, and with as short a warning as he gave to the two men he hung without trial."

Judgements of Foveaux's career are often clouded by a manuscript purporting to be the recollections of Norfolk Island gaoler Robert Jones.  This document is dated 1823, five years after Jones's death.  It contains paintings of buildings on Norfolk Island which were not erected until the 1840s.  Modern scholarship reveals it to be a forgery from after 1850 which contains no valid evidence on Foveaux's life and career.

Robert Hughes writing in The Fatal Shore relied on the false Jones document, as did Robert Macklin in Dark Paradise (2013).

In September 1804 Foveaux left Norfolk Island for England to attend to his private affairs and seek relief for the asthma that affected him.

Aftermath of the Rum Rebellion
Having recovered, he returned to New South Wales on the Sinclair to serve as Lieutenant-Governor, but on arrival in July 1808, he found Governor Bligh under arrest by officers of the New South Wales Corps in the event known as the Rum Rebellion. Foveaux assumed control, stating that he was not favouring either Bligh or the rebels. His control was characterised by a desire for cheap and efficient administration, improvement of public works, and encouragement of small-holders.

In January 1809, the acting Lieutenant-Governor, Colonel William Paterson, returned and Foveaux remained to assist him and his successor, Major-General Lachlan Macquarie.

Macquarie was impressed with Foveaux's administration and put him forward as Collins's successor as Lieutenant Governor of Van Diemen's Land, because he could think of no one more fitting, and considered that he could not have acted otherwise with regard to Bligh. However, when Foveaux returned to England in 1810, Macquarie's recommendation was put aside. Foveaux was promoted to Inspecting Field Officer in Ireland and in 1814 became a major-general.

Later life
He pursued an uneventful military career after that, rising to the rank of lieutenant-general in 1830. In 1814 he married Ann Sherwin, his partner since 1793, and they had a daughter born in 1801.

He died in London on 20 March 1846 and was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery.

Surry Hills

Surry Hills near the centre of Sydney was once a farming area owned by Foveaux. His property was known as Surry Hills Farm, named after the Surrey Hills in Surrey, England. The main east-west street through the suburb is Foveaux Street, which gave its name to Kylie Tennant's 1939 novel Foveaux about inner city slum life.

Legacy
Foveaux Strait in New Zealand is named in his honour, as are streets in the Sydney suburbs of Airds, Barden Ridge, Bella Vista, Cromer, Harrington Park, Lurnea and Surry Hills, the Maitland suburb of Metford, and the Canberra suburb of Ainslie.

References

Further reading
 Whitaker, Anne-Maree, Joseph Foveaux: power and patronage in early New South Wales, Sydney, NSW University Press, 2000.

 Wright, Reg, 'The Most Flourishing Spot out of Old England', Tasmanian Historical Research Association Papers and Proceedings, vol. 46, no. 3 (1999), pp. 135–149.

1765 births
1846 deaths
Australian penal colony administrators
British Army lieutenant generals
Lieutenant-Governors of New South Wales
People from Norfolk Island
People from Ampthill
English emigrants to colonial Australia
Foveaux Strait
19th-century Australian public servants
Burials at Kensal Green Cemetery
Military personnel from Bedfordshire

Joseph Foveaux


The Soko or Soko–Kele languages are a clade of Bantu languages coded Zone C.50–60 in Guthrie's classification. According to Nurse & Philippson (2003), apart from Mongo (Nkundo), the languages form a valid node. They are:
 (C50) Mbesa, Soko (So), Poke, Lombo, Kele (Lokele, incl. Foma); (C60) Ngando (incl. Lalia)

Maho (2009) adds Likile and Linga to C50. Ethnologue notes a Bantu but otherwise unclassified Moingi language on the river in the middle of Soko–Kele territory.

Footnotes

References

Soko languages


Rune is the first feature film, either independent or otherwise, to debut on Apple Inc.'s Video iPod.  It was released on October 10, 2006.  Its main character is a linguist who is doing research on the source of all modern languages.

Special effects in the film were done by Santa Monica's Radium, a firm with credits ranging from Target commercials to feature films like Spider-Man 2.

According to online press releases, the film was shot over the course of 2 months, a fairly long shoot by the standards of independent film, and was entirely independently financed.

The film's cast is international and diverse, with German ingénue Anna Bäumer as the linguist, and veteran character actor Bill Wise, a veteran of a number of Richard Linklater films.

The movie also used several local actors from the states of Texas and Oklahoma. Oklahoma City was used for a lot of the scene in the movie and housed the Isis Production Company office for the shoot of the film.

External links
 Hollywood Reporter Article
 Newsguide Article

2006 films
2000s thriller films

Rune (film)


Synthetic fibers or synthetic fibres (in British English; see spelling differences) are fibers made by humans through chemical synthesis, as opposed to natural fibers that are directly derived from living organisms, such as plants (like cotton) or fur from animals. They are the result of extensive research by scientists to replicate naturally occurring animal and plant fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by extruding fiber-forming materials through spinnerets, forming a fiber. These are called synthetic or artificial fibers. The word polymer comes from a Greek prefix "poly" which means "many" and suffix "mer" which means "single units". (Note: each single unit of a polymer is called a monomer).

The first synthetic fibres

Nylon was the first commercially successful synthetic thermoplastic polymer. DuPont began its research project in 1927. The first nylon, nylon 66, was synthesized on February 28, 1935, by Wallace Hume Carothers at DuPont's research facility at the DuPont Experimental Station.

The next step was taken by Hilaire de Chardonnet, a French engineer and industrialist, who invented the first artificial silk, which he called "Chardonnet silk". In the late 1870s, Chardonnet was working with Louis Pasteur on a remedy to the epidemic that was destroying French silkworms. Failure to clean up a spill in the darkroom resulted in Chardonnet's discovery of nitrocellulose as a potential replacement for real silk. Realizing the value of such a discovery, Chardonnet began to develop his new product, which he displayed at the Paris Exhibition of 1889.  Chardonnet's material was extremely flammable, and subsequently replaced with other, more stable materials.

Commercial products

The first successful process was developed in 1894 by English chemist Charles Frederick Cross, and his collaborators Edward John Bevan and Clayton Beadle. They named the fiber "viscose", because the reaction product of carbon disulfide and cellulose in basic conditions gave a highly viscous solution of xanthate. The first commercial viscose rayon was produced by the UK company Courtaulds in 1905. The name "rayon" was adopted in 1924, with "viscose" being used for the viscous organic liquid used to make both rayon and cellophane. A similar product known as cellulose acetate was discovered in 1865. Rayon and acetate are both artificial fibers, but not truly synthetic, being made from wood.

Nylon, the first synthetic fiber in the "fully synthetic" sense of that term, was developed by Wallace Carothers, an American researcher at the chemical firm DuPont in the 1930s. It soon made its debut in the United States as a replacement for silk, just in time for the introduction of rationing during World War II. Its novel use as a material for women's stockings overshadowed more practical uses, such as a replacement for the silk in parachutes and other military uses like ropes.

The first polyester fiber was patented in Britain in 1928 by the International General Electric company. It was also produced by British chemists working at the Calico Printers' Association, John Rex Whinfield and James Tennant Dickson, in 1941. They produced and patented one of the first polyester fibers which they named Terylene, also known as Dacron, equal to or surpassing nylon in toughness and resilience. ICI and DuPont went on to produce their own versions of the fiber.

The world production of synthetic fibers was 55.2 million tonnes in 2014.

Descriptions

About half of all fibres are synthetic, with applications in every field of fiber and textile technology. Although many classes of fibers based on synthetic polymers have been evaluated as potentially valuable commercial products, four of them - nylon, polyester, acrylic and polyolefin - dominate the market. These four account for approximately 98 percent by volume of synthetic fiber production, with polyester alone accounting for around 60 percent.

Synthetic fibers are a source of microplastic pollution from laundry machines.

Common synthetic fibers
Common synthetic fibers include:
 Nylon (1931)
 Modacrylic (1949)
 Olefin (1949)
 Acrylic (1950)
 Polyester (1953)

Specialty synthetic fibers include:

 Rayon (1894) artificial silk
 Vinyon (1939)
 Saran (1941)
 Spandex (1959)
 Vinalon (1939)
 Aramids (1961) - known as Nomex, Kevlar and Twaron
 Modal (1960s)
 Dyneema/Spectra (1979)
 PBI (Polybenzimidazole fiber) (1983)
 Sulfar (1983)
 Lyocell (1992) (artificial, not synthetic)
 PLA (2002)
 M-5 (PIPD fiber)
 Orlon
 Zylon (PBO fiber)
 Vectran (TLCP fiber) made from Vectra LCP polymer
 Derclon used in manufacture of rugs

Other synthetic materials used in fibers include:
 Acrylonitrile rubber (1930)

Modern fibers that are made from older artificial materials include:
 Glass fiber (1938) is used for:
 industrial, automotive, and home insulation (glass wool)
 reinforcement of composite materials (glass-reinforced plastic, glass fiber reinforced concrete)
 specialty papers in battery separators and filtration
 Metallic fiber (1946) is used for:
 adding metallic properties to clothing for the purpose of fashion (usually made with composite plastic and metal foils)
 elimination and prevention of static charge build-up
 conducting electricity to transmit information
 conduction of heat

See also
 Artificial turf
 Elasterell
 Rope
 Delustrant

References

Further reading
 The original source of this article and much of the synthetic fiber articles (copied with permission) is Whole Earth magazine, No. 90, Summer 1997. www.wholeearth.com

Synthetic fiber


The Jurchen unification were a series of events in the late 16th and early 17th centuries that led to the unification of the Jurchen tribes under the Jianzhou Jurchen leader Nurhaci. While Nurhaci was originally a vassal of the Ming dynasty who considered himself a local representative of imperial Ming power, he also had a somewhat antagonistic relationship with the Ming due to Ming's involvement in events early on in his life that led to the death of his father and grandfather combined with his own increasing ambition. From 1583 to the early 1600s, Nurhaci led a series of military and influence campaigns that led to the unification of the majority of the Jurchen tribes. In 1616, Nurhaci established the Later Jin dynasty and ruled as its founding khan, and he renounced Ming overlordship with the Seven Grievances in 1618. After his death in 1626 his son Hong Taiji proclaimed the Qing dynasty by renaming the dynasty "Great Qing".

Background

The Ming dynasty founder sent military commissions to gain control of the Jurchen tribes. After the dissolution of the Nurgan Regional Military Commission in the 15th century, the Ming dynasty adopted a political strategy of divide and rule for different Jurchen tribes. The Ming categorized the Jurchens into three groups, the Jianzhou Jurchens, the Haixi Jurchens, and the Wild Jurchens. The Jianzhou were primarily composed of three tribes, the Odoli, Huligai, and Tuowen. The Haixi were dominated by the Hulun confederation composed of four tribes, the Ula, Hada, Hoifa, and Yehe. Not much is known about the Wild Jurchens except for the existence of a Donghai tribe among them.

The Hulun confederation was dominated by the head of the Hada tribe, Wang Tai, from 1548 onward. As hegemon he created alliances with both Jurchens and Mongols, eventually assuming the title of khan. Under Wang Tai, the Hulun expanded their territory at the expense of the Jianzhou. However his rule was based on personal prestige, and when he died in 1582, his son lost control of the confederation. Power over the Hulun passed from the Hada to two brothers of the Yehe tribe. At this point the Ming intervened and decided to open separate markets to divide and weaken their authority over the Hulun. This inadvertently led to the rise of the Jianzhou Jurchens.

Jianzhou war
The Jianzhou chieftain Wang Gao (王杲) had been hostile to the Ming for some time and frequently assaulted Ming cities with Mongol allies. After he killed the Ming commander at Fushun in 1573, the Ming counter-attacked and drove Wang north into the lands of the Hada, where he was captured by Wang Tai, leader of the Hulun alliance, who handed him over to the Ming general Li Chengliang. Li had him executed in 1575.

The death of Wang Gao provoked a power struggle among the Jianzhou tribes. Previously subordinates of Wang Gao, Giocangga and his son Taksi secretly allied themselves with Li Chengliang to enhance their power. In 1582 Wang Gao's son Atai (阿台) raided Ming lands. Ming sent a punitive expedition with the support of Giocangga and Taksi. During the assault on Atai's fort, both Giocangga and Taksi were killed by another Jurchen ally of the Ming, Nikan Wailan. The Ming claimed it was an accident and refused to hand over Nikan Wailan over to Taksi's son, Nurhaci, although they did provide him with some gifts and investiture as reparation.

Rise of Nurhaci

Nurhaci grew to be a promising leader. He was talented in mounted archery as a youth and was proficient in the Jurchen, Mongol, and Chinese languages. During much of his early life he officially considered himself a guardian of the Ming border and a local representative of Ming imperial power.

Early in 1583, Nurhaci obtained from Ming general Li Chengliang the right to succeed his father as a minor Jurchen chieftain. He went to war with Nikan Wailan and forced him to flee to the Ming dynasty, where he was eventually executed. Nurhaci continued to expand his influence by steadily wiping out smaller tribes while at the same time currying favor with the Ming. In 1589, he endeared himself to the Ming by rescuing several kidnapped Chinese and delivering them to Ming authorities, an act which earned him the title of assistant commissioner-in-chief. He consolidated his relationship with the Ming by personally leading tributary missions to the Ming court until 1611, and was seen in by the Ming a loyal subject. He returned Ming captives back to the proper authorities, and even offered to fight against the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598). His offer to fight against the Japanese was denied due to misgivings from the Koreans, but the Ming awarded Nurhaci the title of dragon-tiger general (龍虎將軍) along with the Hada leader.

In 1587, Nurhaci founded a new capital at Fe Ala. By 1591, he controlled a swathe of territory stretching from Fushun to the Yalu River. His aggressive tactics against other Jurchen tribes were fueled by the high status that the Ming had given him, and his success provoked a combined assault by nine tribes composed of Hada, Ula, Hoifa, Khorchin Mongols, Sibe, Guwalca, Jušeri, Neyen, and the Yehe. The 30,000 strong coalition forces were defeated in 1593.

As of 1599, Nurhaci had control over the Hada, but allowed the Ming to invest their leaders with titles. Nurhaci also worked to unify the Jurchens as a people by tasking Erdeni Baksi and Dahai Jargūci with adapting the Mongol script to the Jurchen language. He also created the Eight Banners army system that would characterize Manchu military organization for the majority of their history. In 1601 he dispensed with pretenses and subjugated the Hada. The Hoifa followed in 1607 and a campaign against the Ula was begun in 1608.

In 1603 the Jianzhou capital was moved to Hetu Ala due to water problems at the previous site. In 1605, Gwanghaegun of Joseon sent an expedition north which destroyed the Jurchen Holjaon tribe. The majority of Jurchens however ended up as part of Nurhaci's realm. The Wild Jurchens were defeated in 1611 and the Ula were incorporated in 1613.

The last major Jurchen tribe, the Yehe, would not be subjugated until 1619, three years after Nurhaci declared himself khan of the Later Jin dynasty (or Amaga Aisin Gurun in Manchu). Meanwhile, he announced the Seven Grievances in 1618 and openly renounced Ming overlordship and started to fight against the Ming. The Yehe joined the Ming in fighting Nurhaci at the Battle of Sarhū, but they were defeated, and finally subjugated at the Battle of Xicheng a few months later. The Later Jin dynasty is considered the precursor to the Qing dynasty which would later conquer the Ming dynasty.

References

Bibliography
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Jurchen history
16th century in China
17th century in China
Transition from Ming to Qing
Nurhaci

Jurchen unification


Cheech Wizard is an American underground comics character created by artist Vaughn Bodē. Vaughn created Cheech Wizard on September 26, 1957, at the age of 15. He drew a hat with stars on it with legs sprouting out from beneath the oversized hat. Vaughn spotted a can of Cheechie Nuts on his kitchen table and coined the characters name Cheech Wizard. In 1964 Vaughn furthered the character and did an unpublished strip in his journal. In 1967 Cheech appeared in a small self-published black and white comic. The Collected Cheech Wizard was published as a comic by Company and Sons in 1972 (2nd Printing 1976). In 1973, Last Gasp publishers issued the new comic Cheech Wizard Suck my Turnip. From 1972 to 1975 the strips also appeared in National Lampoon. It is said no one knows who is under the hat, but Vaughn confided in his son Mark (also an artist) that Cheech Wizard was his creator's alter ego and his son Mark was the Lizard apprentice. To look or discover who is under the hat was to look the creator in the eye and would render the viewer forever blind. The Wizard is a bad mouthing, broad balling, fake of a wizard who often is found kicking his Lizard apprentice in the balls on more than one occasion. Cheech Wizard calls it the time distortion trick. The Cheech Wizard has often been copied in graffiti art, and has been referenced in pop music, as in "Mistadobalina" by Del the Funky Homosapien and "Sure Shot" by The Beastie Boys.

Publication history
Though the character was, according to Bodē, created in 1957, Cheech didn't first appear in print until April 1966 in a small self published black and white comic and then in the "Daily Orange" Syracuse University newspaper with the initial story "Race to the Moon", when he appeared in various publications being produced by the counterculture developing around the Syracuse University campus (where Bodē was attending school).

Cheech Wizard stories ran in the "Funny Pages" of National Lampoon magazine in almost every issue from 1972 to 1975.

The first Cheech Wizard collection was published in 1972 by the San Francisco-based underground publisher Company & Sons. Print Mint and Last Gasp and Rip Off Press. All the Cheech Wizard stories were later collected and reprinted in two volumes by Fantagraphics Books.

Cheech Wizard was revived by Bodē's son Mark Bodé in The Lizard of Oz (Fantagraphics, 2004), a send-up of The Wizard of Oz based on an original concept by Vaughn Bodē.

Character appearance and personality
The Wizard wears a very large yellow Phrygian cap decorated with wizard symbols instead of a wizard's pointed hat, with his legs, clad in what appear to be red tights, visible underneath. His appearance and species have never been revealed. In an early comic, Captured by Morton Frog (1967), Cheech takes off his hat for a police officer, a priest and a political leader. He holds his hat in his hands, away from the rest of his body. The face is hidden by the speech balloon, but there are glimpses of hair on top. All three persons witnessing his face fall into cataleptic states forever. Cheech walks away from their fortress claiming that "their primitive minds couldn't accept da truth". In a later comic, Who is C.W.? (1974), one of Cheech's lovers insists on seeing his true face. Cheech claims that she will die instantly, or go insane. After having her sign a waiver freeing him of legal responsibilities, he agrees to take off his hat. The comic ends abruptly at mid-page with Cheech saying "Okay! Here goes, but I bet you go blind!", followed by a blank (white-out) panel.

Cheech Wizard speaks in an ungrammatical sort of urban dialect. He was generally accompanied by his lizard apprentice, Razzberry. Cheech was depicted as foul-mouthed, often drunk or high on drugs, and constantly on the make. His attitude towards his fellow residents of the magic forest in which he lived was usually one of contempt. His general reaction to anyone who annoys him is to deliver a swift kick to the groin. Mark Bodé claims that the Cheech Wizard was his father's "alter-ego, . . . a bad-mouth hat with no respect for anyone, completely the opposite of Vaughn, who was charismatic but shy".

In popular culture
 In 2007, Puma released a limited-edition shoe and matching hoodie inspired by Cheech Wizard (and designed by Mark Bodé).
 The Beastie Boys songs "The Sounds of Science", from their 1989 album Paul's Boutique; and "Sure Shot", from their 1994 album Ill Communication reference Cheech Wizard.
 Aesop Rock references Bode's Cheech Wizard in his song "Fast Cars" off of the album Fast Cars, Danger, Fire And Knives: "It's A-E-S-O-P-R-O-C-K, the peak twister. Defender of the son of Vaughn Bodé's Cheech Wizard". Another reference appears on "TUFF" from the album The Impossible Kid: "I pay a guy to lean over steepled fingers And convince me to pay him for his teas and tinctures The string cheese dinner kid speak Cheech Wizard For the gone like Gossamer under number 3 clippers".
 Bundy K. Brown references Cheech Wizard in his song "Attention Span Deficit Disorder Disruption" from the 1989 album Post-Global Music.

Bibliography
 The Collected Cheech Wizard (Company & Sons, 1972) — later printings by the Print Mint
 Cheech Wizard, Schizophrenia #1 — Suck My Turnip (Last Gasp, 1973) ASIN B006TODEAE
 Deadbone: the First Testament of Cheech Wizard, the Cartoon Messiah (Northern Comfort Communications, 1975)
 Vaughn Bodé's Cheech Wizard (Northern Comfort Communications, 1976)
 The Complete Cheech Wizard vols. 1-3 (Rip Off Press, 1986)
 Cheech Wizard vol. 1 (Fantagraphics, 1990)
 Cheech Wizard vol. 2 (Fantagraphics, 1991) ASIN B009FQ4TGG
 The Lizard of Oz (Fantagraphics, 2004)

References

External links
 'The Official Bode Site' featuring the work of Vaughn Bodé's son Mark

Underground comix
Last Gasp titles
Comics characters who use magic
Comics characters introduced in 1967
1967 comics debuts
1975 comics endings
American comic strips
American comics characters

Cheech Wizard


A Reason to Live is a 2009 documentary film about teen and young adult depression and suicide. It captures twelve personal stories of despair and hope, told by young people of different ages, ethnicities and sexual orientations, and their families. It was produced and directed by Allen Mondell and Cynthia Salzman Mondell of Media Projects, Inc.

Origins/production

Filmmakers Allen Mondell and Cynthia Salzman Mondell were asked to make this film by a close family friend whose son committed suicide. They wanted it to serve as a tool to educate others about the seriousness of depression and recognize the warning signs leading up to suicide.

CONTACT Crisis Line professionals in Dallas provided ongoing feedback about these issues and how to portray them sensitively on film. Members of their staff participated in the re-enactment of two crisis line calls that involved a team of mental health professionals, actors and film crew working to assure accurate and ethical treatment of these sensitive subjects and the individuals interviewed. The calls are intended to give viewers the verbal skills necessary to communicate to someone who is depressed and thinking about suicide.

In post-production, focus groups from North Texas area mental health organizations, the medical school, and university counseling centers provided input to assure that presentation of the issues in A Reason to Live upheld professional standards of mental health practice in this specific population.

Distribution

Two DVD versions of the film were released by Media Projects, Inc. in 2009, including a 52-minute college/adult version, as well as a 33-minute classroom version that includes a panel discussion with community experts, filmmakers' comments and a discussion and resource guide to be used by counselors/educators.

A Reason to Liveis being used as an educational tool by many high school and college counselors, as well as the National Alliance on Mental Illness.

The target audience includes young adults ages 15–24, families, youth agencies and civic organizations, public and private schools, community colleges, public and private colleges and universities, public libraries, coaches and mentors, mental health professionals, social workers and public health professionals, GLBT organizations and community centers, medical and rehabilitation professionals, hospitals and medical offices, child protective services and foster care systems, spiritual and religious institutions, law enforcement professionals and correctional facilities, elected officials and government agencies.

Reception

A Reason to Live has received positive reviews from various health professionals, counseling facilities and education organizations.

American Library Association's Booklist magazine calls the film a "useful resource for teens, parents, and educators."  Linda Holloway, chair of the Department of Rehabilitation, Social Work & Addictions at University of North Texas echoed that sentiment and commented "…(the film) is long overdue. It is a great resource for colleges and universities to open the dialogue with students."

Missy Wall, director, Teen CONTACT Program, CONTACT Crisis Line Dallas, Texas commented, "Suicide is a silent killer of young adults, and A Reason to Live gives a voice and hope to the deadly silence. As an educator, this film has become an invaluable tool that has only begun to change and touch the lives of many young adults. At a recent training with the film, a teenage girl said, 'I identified with so many things in the film and, now, I know that I am not alone.' Hope saves lives, and A Reason to Live our new hope!"

Betsy Kennard, a researcher and associate professor of psychiatry at University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas has said "This poignant documentary adds a personal perspective to a major public health problem, highlighting that while there is a need for suicide prevention and intervention, current treatments for depression are promising & offer hope."

Youth Today wrote "This sensitive, carefully constructed film leaves an unforgettable impression. From bleak moments to rays of hope, it tells the truth."

Other reviews
Other reviewers of the film include Educational Media Reviews Online and School Library Journal.

Other films by Allen Mondell and Cynthia Salzman Mondell
 Sisters of '77
 A Fair to Remember

References

External links
 Media Projects
 Media Projects Facebook Page
 Media Database Grants
 Media Rights

2009 documentary films
Documentary films about suicide
2009 films
Documentary films about adolescence
2000s English-language films

A Reason to Live (2009 film)


The Jade Buddha Temple (, literally Jade Buddha Chan Temple) is a Buddhist temple in Shanghai. It was founded in 1882 with two jade Buddha statues imported to Shanghai from Myanmar by sea. These were a sitting Buddha (1.95 meters tall, 3 tons), and a smaller reclining Buddha representing the Buddha's death. The temple now also contains a much larger reclining Buddha made of marble, donated from Singapore, and visitors may mistake this larger sculpture for the original, smaller piece.
 The legend behind the transport of the Buddha statues from Myanmar led to the popular usage of Burmese-style Buddha statues in Chinese temples.

History

During the reign of the Guangxu Emperor (r. 1875–1908) in the Qing dynasty, Huigen, a Buddhist monk from Mount Putuo, went on a pilgrimage to Tibet via Mount Wutai and Mount Emei. He visited Burma after leaving Tibet. Whilst there, Chen Jun-Pu, an overseas Chinese resident in Burma, donated five jade Buddha statues to Huigen, who transported two of them back to Jiang-wan, Shanghai. Here, Huigen had a temple built with donated funds, and died shortly thereafter. This temple was occupied during the 1911 uprising, and the statues were moved to Maigen Road.

A Buddhist monk by the name of Kechen later had a new temple built on land donated by Sheng Xuanhuai, a senior official in the Qing imperial court. Sheng's father and uncle were pious Buddhists. They built houses with thatched roofs at Yizhou Pond by the Zhuanghuabang River in the northeast of Shanghai. This can be accounted as the predecessor of the monastery. The construction took ten years, and lasted from 1918 to 1928. Kechen also invited Reverend Dixian from Mount Tiantai to come and lecture on Buddhism in a grand ceremony.

Master Taixu died on March 12, 1947, at the Jade Buddha Temple.

In 1956, a ceremony was held at the temple by the Shanghai Buddhist Association to celebrate the 2500th anniversary of The Buddha's enlightenment.

In 1966, during the Cultural Revolution, the monks made a living by selling handicrafts.

In 1983, the Shanghai Institute of Buddhism was established at the temple under the Shanghai Buddhist Association.

In 1985, Monk Zhizhi Xuan and others made a trip to Dunhuang via Xinjiang. Shortly after their return, regular scripture lectures, meditation and other features of temple life were resumed.

Temple layout

Chamber of Four Heavenly Kings
The Chamber of Four Heavenly Kings contains the statues of Maitreya, Skanda and the Four Heavenly Kings, who represent favorable circumstance. The chamber is located on the southern-edge, or 'front' of the temple.

Grand Hall
Also called the Great Hall, this hall contains many statues.
Three Golden Buddhas. The central sculpture is of the Buddha, the left Amitabha and the right Bhaisajyaguru.
Twenty Devas. Statues of the Twenty Devas, covered in gold, line the eastern and western sides of the Grand Hall.
18 Arhats. 18 unique golden arhats stand in two groups of nine.
Guanyin, Sudhana and his 53 teachers. A large golden statue of Guanyin stands on at northern entrance to the Great Hall, with Sudhana at Guanyin's side and sculptures representing the 53 teachers of his life above.

Jade Buddha Chamber
The Jade Buddha Chamber is in the northern section of the temple, on the second floor. A fee of 10 yuan is charged to ascend to it. Some additional Buddhist sculptures are also viewable in the antechamber.

Public restaurant
The public restaurant is located on level two at the eastern edge of the temple and equipped with its own street entrance. Open daily, it serves a range of noodle dishes for five yuan per bowl, the most popular of which is 'double mushroom noodles' (). Other dishes are served at moderate prices. Tickets are sold by color and this ticket is turned in inside the main eating room and your soup is then delivered to your table which you might share with others. Upstairs is a much more upscale restaurant at much higher prices.

Other
The temple also contains a private restaurant for the use of monks and temple volunteers, which is at the western edge of the temple complex. There is a visitor services office adjacent to the southern entrance, and a Buddhist library is also on the premises.

Transport
The public can board various public buses including Route 16 and can take the Line 13 of the Shanghai Metro to Jiangning Road Station to arrive at the Jade Buddha Temple.

References
玉佛禅寺. 1989. /G.65

External links

 Jade Buddha Temple official website
 Travel Guide

Religious organizations established in 1882
Chan temples
Buddhist temples in Shanghai
Landmarks in Shanghai

Jade Buddha Temple


Amor de barrio (English title: Love from the Hood), is a Mexican telenovela produced by Roberto Hernández for Televisa. It is a remake of the 1979 Mexican telenovela, Muchacha de barrio. Production of Amor de barrio began on February 23, 2015.

The telenovela began airing on June 8, 2015.  The program is expected to have 210 episodes.

Cast
Mane de la Parra, Renata Notni, Alejandra García and Pedro Moreno star as the main characters.

Plot
Living and working in the colorful neighborhood, La Lagunilla, two friends, Paloma and Laura, long for respective boyfriends and true love. Paloma, a law student and waitress, falls for Daniel, a wealthy doctor with a manipulative mother and a family filled with secrets. Laura finds love with Daniel's cousin, Raul, a business manager with his own complicated past.

References

Other website

Telenovelas by Televisa
2015 Mexican television series debuts

Amor de barrio