Pennsylvania Avenue is a primarily diagonal street in Washington, D.C., and Prince George's County, Maryland, that connects the United States Capitol with the White House and then crosses northwest Washington, D.C. to Georgetown. Traveling through southeast Washington from the Capitol, it enters Maryland, and becomes MD Route 4 (MD 4) and then MD Route 717 in Upper Marlboro, and finally Stephanie Roper Highway.

The section between the White House and Congress is the basis for the Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site and is sometimes referred to as "America's Main Street"; it is the location of official parades and processions, and periodic protest marches. Pennsylvania Avenue is an important commuter road and is part of the National Highway System.

Route

The avenue runs for  in Washington, D.C., but the  of Pennsylvania Avenue from the White House to the United States Capitol building is far and away the most famed section of the avenue. It continues within the city for , from the southeast corner of the Capitol grounds through the Capitol Hill neighborhood, and over the Anacostia River on the John Philip Sousa Bridge. Crossing most of Prince George's County, Maryland, it ends  from the Washington, D.C. border in Maryland at the junction with MD 717 in Upper Marlboro, where the name changes to Stephanie Roper Highway, for a total length of . Stephanie Roper Highway used to be Pennsylvania Avenue, but was renamed in 2012. In addition to its street names, in Maryland it is designated as Maryland Route 4.

Northwest of the White House, Pennsylvania Avenue runs for  to its end at M Street N.W. in Georgetown, just beyond the Pennsylvania Avenue Bridge over Rock Creek. From 1862 to 1962, streetcars ran the length of the avenue from Georgetown to the Anacostia River.

History

18th century

Although Pennsylvania Avenue extends six miles (10 km) in Washington, D.C., the expanse between the White House and the United States Capitol constitutes the ceremonial heart of the nation. George Washington called this stretch of Pennsylvania Avenue "most magnificent and most convenient".

The first reference to the street as Pennsylvania Avenue was in a 1791 letter from Thomas Jefferson. One theory behind the avenue's name is that it was named for Pennsylvania as consolation for moving the capital from Philadelphia in 1800 and in recognition of Pennsylvania's historical significance in the nation's founding. Both Jefferson and Washington considered Pennsylvania Avenue an important feature of the new capital. After inspecting L'Enfant's plan, President Washington referred to the thoroughfare as a "grand avenue". Jefferson concurred, and while the "grand avenue" was little more than a wide dirt road ridiculed as "The Great Serbonian Bog", he planted it with rows of fast-growing Lombardy poplars.

Pennsylvania Avenue was designed by Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant, and it was one of the earliest streets constructed in the city.

19th century
In 1832, in an effort to tame dust and dirt on Pennsylvania Avenue, it was paved using the macadam method. But over the years, other pavement methods were trialed on the avenue: cobblestones in 1849 followed by Belgian blocks and then, in 1871, wooden blocks.

In 1876, as part of an initiative begun by President Ulysses S. Grant to see Washington City's streets improved, Pennsylvania Avenue was paved with asphalt by Civil War veteran William Averell using Trinidad and Guanoco lakes asphalt.

20th century
In the early 1900s, the French ambassador to the U.S., Jean Jules Jusserand, popularized the use of L'Enfant's birth name, "Pierre Charles L'Enfant".

Pennsylvania Avenue once provided an unobstructed view between the White House and the Capitol. The construction of an expansion to the Treasury Building blocked this view, and supposedly President Andrew Jackson did this on purpose. Relations between the president and Congress were strained, and Jackson did not want to see the Capitol out his window, though in reality the Treasury Building was simply built on what was cheap government land.

In 1959, Pennsylvania Avenue was extended from the Washington, D.C. border with Maryland to Dower House Road in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.

On September 30, 1965, portions of the avenue and surrounding area were designated the Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site. The National Park Service administers this area which includes the United States Navy Memorial, Old Post Office Tower, and Pershing Park. After the Great Depression in the 1930s and the move of affluent families to suburbs in the 1950s, Pennsylvania Avenue became increasingly blighted. John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson tried to redevelop the street as part of the New Frontier and Great Society reforms, but the avenue further declined after the 1968 Washington, D.C., riots in the aftermath of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.

In 1972, Congress created the Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation (PADC) to rehabilitate the street between the Capitol and the White House, an area seen as blighted. The new organization was given the mandate of developing Pennsylvania Avenue "in a manner suitable to its ceremonial, physical, and historic relationship to the legislative and executive branches of the federal government".

In the 1980s, renovations were made to the Willard Hotel, the Old Post Office, and Washington Union Station, each located on or adjacent to Pennsylvania Avenue.

21st century
In 2010, the District of Columbia designated Pennsylvania Avenue from the southwestern terminus of John Philip Sousa Bridge to the Maryland state line to be a "D.C. Great Street". The city spent $430 million to beautify the street and improve the roadway.

Parades and protests

Presidential inaugurations
Ever since an impromptu procession formed around Jefferson's second inauguration, every U.S. president except Ronald Reagan in his second inauguration in January 1985 has paraded down Pennsylvania Avenue after taking the oath of office. Reagan paraded up the avenue for his first inauguration in January 1981 but not following his second inauguration in 1985 because freezing temperatures and high winds made it dangerous.

Presidential funeral processions
From William Henry Harrison to Gerald Ford, the funeral corteges of seven of the eight presidents who died in office and two former presidents followed this route. Franklin Roosevelt was the only president who died in office whose cortege did not follow this route.

Abraham Lincoln's funeral cortege solemnly proceeded along Pennsylvania Avenue in 1865; only weeks later, the end of the American Civil War was celebrated with the Grand Review of the Armies when the Army of the Potomac paraded more joyously along the avenue. The funeral processions of both Lyndon B. Johnson and Ford funeral corteges proceeded down Pennsylvania Avenue. For Lyndon Johnson, the cortege was along Pennsylvania Avenue from U.S. Capitol to National City Christian Church, where he often worshiped and where his funeral was held. Ford's funeral went up Pennsylvania Avenue, pausing at the White House en route to Washington National Cathedral, where his funeral was held.

Protests and celebrations
In addition to serving as a location for official functions, Pennsylvania Avenue is a traditional parade and protest route of ordinary citizens. During the depression of the 1890s, Jacob Coxey marched 500 supporters down Pennsylvania Avenue to the U.S. Capitol to demand federal aid for the unemployed. Similarly, on the eve of Woodrow Wilson's 1913 inauguration, Alice Paul masterminded a parade, the Woman Suffrage Procession, highlighting the women's suffrage movement. In July 1932, a contingent of the Bonus Expeditionary Force carried flags up Pennsylvania Avenue to the White House, where they formed picket lines.

Pennsylvania Avenue also has served as a background for more lighthearted celebrations, including a series of Shriner's parades in the 1920s and 1930s. Thomas and Concepcion Picciotto are the founders of the White House Peace Vigil, the longest-running anti-nuclear peace vigil in the nation at Lafayette Square on the 1600 block of Pennsylvania Avenue.

Security measures
After the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, the Secret Service closed the portion of Pennsylvania Avenue in front of the White House to all vehicular traffic. Pedestrian and bicycle traffic, however, was still permitted on the sidewalk. After the September 11 attacks, all traffic in front of the White House was prohibited, and traffic near the White House is redirected to H Street or Constitution Avenue, both of which eventually link back with Pennsylvania Avenue.

In 2002, the National Capital Planning Commission invited several prominent landscape architects to submit proposals for the redesign of Pennsylvania Avenue at the White House, with the intention that the security measures would be woven into an overall plan for the precinct and a more welcoming public space might be created. The winning entry by a firm run by Michael Van Valkenburgh proposed a very simple approach to planting, paving, and the integration of required security steps. Construction was completed in 2004.

Sites of interest
From east to west:

 John Philip Sousa Bridge
 Barney Circle
 United States Capitol
 Peace Monument
 National Gallery of Art, East Building
 John Marshall Park
 Embassy of Canada
 Newseum
 Federal Trade Commission Building
 National Archives Building
 United States Navy Memorial
 J. Edgar Hoover Building (FBI headquarters)
 Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building (Department of Justice headquarters)
 1001 Pennsylvania Avenue (World headquarters of The Carlyle Group)
 Old Post Office Pavilion
 Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center

 John A. Wilson Building
 Freedom Plaza
 Pershing Park
 Treasury Building
 White House
 Lafayette Park
 Blair House
 Renwick Gallery
 World Bank
 Mexican Embassy
 The George Washington University
 International Finance Corporation
 Washington Circle
 Spanish Embassy
 Rock Creek Park
 Georgetown

The National Theatre and Warner Theatre use Pennsylvania Avenue mailing addresses, although the theaters are nearby on E Street and 13th Street respectively.

Transit service

Metrobus

The following Metrobus routes travel along the street (listed from west to east):
 30N (Branch Ave. SE to Independence Ave. SE, then 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then H St. N.W. to M St. N.W.)
 30S (Minnesota Ave. SE to Independence Ave. SE, then 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then H St. N.W. to M St. N.W.)
 38B (Eye St. N.W. to M St. N.W.)
 33 (9th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then H St. N.W. to M St. N.W.)
 31, D5 (Washington Circle to M St. N.W.)
 36 (Branch Ave. SE to Independence Ave. SE, then 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then H St. N.W. to Washington Circle)
 32 (Minnesota Ave. SE to Independence Ave. SE, then 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then H St. N.W. to Washington Circle)
 39 (Limited stop service from Southern Ave. to Independence Ave., then 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W., then Eye St. N.W. to Washington Circle)
 37 (Limited stop service from 7th St. N.W. to 15th St. N.W.)
 16C (6th St. N.W. to 12th St. N.W.)
 P6 (4th St. N.W. to 11th St. N.W.)
 34 (Minnesota Ave. SE to Independence Ave. SE)
 M6 (Alabama Ave. SE to Potomac Ave. SE)
 B2, V4 (Minnesota Ave. SE to Potomac Ave. SE)
 V12 (Brooks Dr. to Shadyside Ave.)
 K12 (Forestville Rd. to Parkland Dr., then Walters La. to Donnell Dr.)
 J12 (Eastbound only from Forestville Rd. to Old Marlboro Pike)

DC Circulator

The DC Circulator travels along the street:
 Georgetown-Union Station (20th St. N.W. to M St. N.W.)

MTA Commuter Bus
The following MTA Maryland Commuter Bus routes travel along the street:
 904 (Anacostia Freeway to Independence Ave., then 7th St. NW to 11th St. NW)
 905 (7th St. N.W. to 11th St. N.W.)

Bus

The following routes of TheBus serve Pennsylvania Ave. in Prince George's County:
 24 (Old Silver Hill Rd. to Brooks Dr.)
 20 (Marlboro Pike to Donnell Dr.)

Washington Metro

The following Washington Metro stations have entrances located near Pennsylvania Avenue:
 Potomac Avenue, Eastern Market, Federal Triangle, Foggy Bottom–GWU
 Archives

References

External links

 Pennsylvania Avenue restoration project
 "American Memory project", Library of Congress

Capitol Hill
Streets in Washington, D.C.

Pennsylvania Avenue


Henry Roberts (1756–1796), a native to Shoreham, Sussex, was an officer in the Royal Navy who served with Captain Cook on his last two voyages.

Roberts served as lieutenant on Cook's HMS Discovery, where he was entrusted with many hydrographic and cartographic tasks, and also met then-midshipman George Vancouver. Roberts spent many years after that voyage preparing the detailed charts that went into Cook's posthumous Atlas.  Roberts also served on  where he was to make a painting of the ship.

In 1790, Roberts was appointed to command a newly built HMS Discovery on another round-the-world voyage and selected George Vancouver as his first lieutenant. However, the Nootka Crisis called both men to duty elsewhere, and upon its resolution, Vancouver was given command of the historic voyage.
Aged 40, Roberts died on 25 August 1796, Captain of HMS Undaunted traversing the waters off Jamaica in the West Indies, where he contracted yellow fever.

in November of 1791, his youngest daughter, Mary Peck Roberts married William J. Stephens Esq, a Lieutenant at the Royal Navy.

Vancouver named Point Roberts after Henry Roberts.

References

1756 births
1796 deaths
Royal Navy officers
James Cook
People from Sussex

Henry Roberts (Royal Navy officer)


Kutakura kana kusenga (to carry).

Mamwe Mazwi

Kusenga (to carry).
Kusengura (to move, to shift - from one place to another) zvinoreva kubvisa panhu nokuendesa pamwewo.
Kusenguka (to move, to be shifted).

Mitauro yeBantu

VaGungu vanoti kusenga (lift up, pick up, take hold & carry) kureva kusenga. Mamwe mazwi: kusengesya (v. help s.b. lift up s.t.) kureva kusengedza.
VaGungu vanoti kusenguka (v. migrate, shift; move from one part of the country to another) vachireva kutama musha.
VaGwere vanoti kusengula ( v. 1. cause to migrate, shift, move or tranfer residence. 2. transfer, transplant, uproot; cause to move to another area) vachireva kutamisa musha.
VaChewa vanoti tenga (carry, bring).

Kutakura


Michael Polakovs, known in America as Coco the Clown, (born Riga, Latvia 23 February 1923; died USA, 6 December 2009) was a famous clown.  His father was known as Coco the Clown in Britain.  Michael played the part of Coco the Clown in America.  He was also known for being Ronald McDonald, the clown who publicized McDonald's fast food chain.

Life
Michael Polakovs was born in Riga.  His parents Nikolai and Valentina were both circus artists.  Nikolai was known as Coco the Clown.  He was working in Breslau in Germany when Willy Schumann, the circus director, saw him and persuaded him to go to Britain.

The family moved to Britain where his father found work in Bertram Mills circus.  Michael was the eldest of six children.  By the time he was 17 he was working as a clown called "Coconut".  Then World War II started and he and his father had to work digging roads and laying gas pipes.  They earned £2 16s 6d a week (just over £2.82 in modern money).  Then he became a driver for the government.  He also managed to do some work as a clown in Blackpool Tower Circus and Tom Arnold's circus.

When Bertram Mills opened his circus again after the war the Polakovs family were all working for him.  He was particularly good at stilt-walking.  One one occasion he saved the life of a lion tamer who was being attacked by a lion.

In 1951 he went with a brother and a sister to work for Billy Smart's circus.  The brother married Billy Smart's daughter.

In 1958 Michael decided to go to the United States.  There he became known as Coco the Clown.  He worked for the Ringling Brother's Barnum & Bailey Circus, known as "The Greatest Show on Earth".  Later he worked for other circuses.  He started the popularity of the character Ronald McDonald, advertising for the fast food chain.  He designed Ronald's  clothes and make-up and appeared in the first eight of his television commercials.

Later he settled with his second wife in Kentucky.  He had four children by his first wife and two children by his second wife.

He died aged 86 in 2009.

References
Obituary in The Daily Telegraph, 16 December 2009, p. 33

1923 births
2009 deaths
Clowns
People from Riga

Michael Polakovs


Zhu Jun (late 140s - April 195), courtesy name Gongwei, was a military general and official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.

Life
Zhu Jun was from Shangyu County (), Kuaiji Commandery (), which is present-day Shangyu District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang. His father died when he was still young, so he was raised by his mother, who earned a living by selling fabrics. When he reached adulthood, he served as a scribe in the local county office. Zhu Jun gained a reputation for being very filial towards his mother. Despite this, when an acquaintance Zhou Gui was unable to repay his debts to the local authorities, Zhu Jun stole fabrics from his mother in order to help Zhou settle the debts. As a result, Zhu Jun's mother lost her property. Greatly angered, she then blamed Zhu Jun. Zhu Jun replied, "Small losses will result in great fortunes later. To be poor first before becoming rich is the natural order." Du Shang (), the Chief of Shangyu County, favoured him and recommended him to serve in the commandery office under Wei Yi (), the Administrator of Kuaiji Commandery. Zhu Jun later became a Registrar () when Yin Duan () replaced Wei Yi as the Administrator. In 173, Yin Duan was impeached for his failure in quelling a rebellion. Initially, Yin's punishment was to be executed. However, Zhu Jun made his way to the capital and bribed the relevant officials; as a result, Yin's punishment was reduced. Yin was overjoyed upon knowing of his reduced punishment, but Zhu Jun never revealed his involvement to Yin.

Yin Duan's successor, Xu Gui (), further nominated Zhu Jun as a xiaolian (civil service candidate), after which the Han central government appointed Zhu Jun as the Prefect () of Lanling County ().

In February 178, when a rebellion broke out in Jiaozhi Commandery in the far south, the Han imperial court appointed Zhu Jun as the Inspector () of Jiao Province and ordered him to suppress the revolt. Zhu Jun managed to rally some soldiers from his home commandery and gather another 5,000 soldiers from other commanderies to join him in fighting the rebels. He successfully quelled the rebellion and killed the rebel leader Liang Long () in Nanhai Commandery (). In 181, he attacked and defeated Wuhuman (), another rebel leader in Hepu () and Jiaozhi commanderies. In recognition of his achievements, the Han imperial court enfeoffed him as a Marquis of a Chief Village () and summoned him to the imperial capital Luoyang to serve as a Counsellor Remonstrant ().

In 184, when the Yellow Turban Rebellion broke out, the Han imperial court appointed Zhu Jun as Right General of the Household () and ordered him, Lu Zhi and Huangfu Song to lead imperial forces to eliminate the rebels. Zhu Jun defeated the rebels at Changshe () with the aid of Huangfu Song and Cao Cao. He was  elevated from a village marquis to a district marquis under the title "Marquis of Xi District" () and was promoted to General of the Household Who Suppresses Rebels (). Zhu Jun and Huangfu Song later joined forces to defeat the rebels at Yangzhai () and Xihua () counties and pacified Yu Province. Later, Zhu Jun led his troops south to Nanyang Commandery () and joined the local government forces there in defeating the Yellow Turban rebels led by Zhao Hong () and later Han Zhong (). In early 185, he defeated another group of rebels led by Sun Xia () and succeeded in restoring peace in Nanyang Commandery.

In 185, the Han imperial court promoted Zhu Jun to Right General of Chariots and Cavalry () and elevated him to a county marquis under the title "Marquis of Qiantang" (). However, after his mother died, he resigned and returned home to perform filial mourning. After the mourning period, he returned to serve as Court Architect () and was subsequently reassigned to be Minister Steward () and Minister Coachman (). In the late 180s, when the Heishan bandits led by Zhang Yan raided Henei Commandery () and threatened Luoyang, the Han central government appointed Zhu Jun as the Administrator () of Henei Commandery and ordered him to lead troops to attack the bandits. Zhu Jun subsequently held the following appointments: Household Counsellor (), Colonel of the City Gates () and Intendant of Henan ().

In 189, the warlord Dong Zhuo took advantage of the political vacuum created in the aftermath of Emperor Ling's death to seize control of, and dominate the Han central government. He felt rather intimidated by Zhu Jun because of the latter's standing in the imperial court as a veteran general and senior official. In 190, when a coalition of warlords launched a campaign against Dong Zhuo in the name of freeing the central government and Emperor Xian from his control, Dong Zhuo became afraid and wanted to relocate the imperial capital from Luoyang to Chang'an in the west. Zhu Jun strongly objected, but Dong Zhuo pushed his plan through. Although he dreaded Zhu Jun and wanted to eliminate him, he still appointed Zhu Jun as Minister Coachman () in Emperor Xian's name. Zhu Jun rejected the appointment.

After Dong Zhuo left for Chang'an with Emperor Xian, the emperor's subjects and Luoyang's residents, Zhu Jun remained in Luoyang and maintained contact with the anti-Dong Zhuo coalition. However, he feared that Dong Zhuo would turn back and attack him, so he abandoned his post and fled south to Jing Province. Dong Zhuo then appointed Yang Yi () as the Intendant of Henan to guard Luoyang. When Zhu Jun heard about it, he led troops from Jing Province to attack Luoyang and drive away Yang Yi. At the time, much of Luoyang had been burnt down when Dong Zhuo gave orders to relocate the imperial capital to Chang'an, so Zhu Jun moved to a garrison at Zhongmu County ().

Zhu Jun contacted various regional officials and warlords and asked them to join him in attacking Dong Zhuo. Tao Qian, the Governor of Xu Province, sent troops to help Zhu Jun, and even recommended Zhu Jun to be acting General of Chariots and Cavalry () to lead the operations. However, Zhu Jun was defeated by Dong Zhuo's subordinates Li Jue and Guo Si in battle, so he could not advance further west and remained in Zhongmu County.

In May 192, Dong Zhuo was assassinated in Chang'an by his subordinate Lü Bu, after which the Han central government came under Wang Yun's control. However, within months, Dong Zhuo's former followers (led by Li Jue and Guo Si) attacked Chang'an and seized control of the central government. At the time, Zhu Jun was still stationed in Zhongmu County. Tao Qian contacted other regional officials and warlords and proposed naming Zhu Jun as Grand Preceptor () to lead them to attack Chang'an and free Emperor Xian from Li Jue and Guo Si's control. At the same time, Li Jue and Guo Si also tried to win Zhu Jun over to their side: they sent him an imperial edict in Emperor Xian's name, ordering him to head to Chang'an and serve as Minister Coachman () in the central government. Although Zhu Jun knew that it was a ploy by Li Jue and Guo Si, he still obeyed the edict because it was sent in the emperor's name.

In July 193, Zhu Jun replaced Zhou Zhong (, an uncle of Zhou Yu) as Grand Commandant () and held an additional appointment as Manager of the Affairs of the Masters of Writing (). In the following year, he was removed from office and reassigned to be acting General of Agile Cavalry () to guard Hangu Pass. In early 195, before Zhu Jun left for Hangu Pass, internal conflict broke out between Li Jue and Guo Si, who started attacking each other in the streets of Chang'an. Zhu Jun remained in Chang'an and was reassigned to be Minister of Finance (). During this time, Li Jue took Emperor Xian hostage to threaten Guo Si, while Guo Si did the same by holding the emperor's subjects hostage to threaten Li Jue. Zhu Jun, Yang Biao and Emperor Xian's other subjects tried to persuade Guo Si to make peace with Li Jue, but Guo Si would not listen. Zhu Jun died of illness a few days later as he could not stand the humiliation of being held hostage.

Family
Zhu Jun had a son, Zhu Hao (), whose courtesy name was Wenming (). Zhu Hao served as the Administrator of Yuzhang Commandery (). He met his end at the hands of Ze Rong in the same year his father died.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Zhu Jun is a character in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

See also
 Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

References

 Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
 Fan, Ye (5th century). Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu).
 Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguo Yanyi).
 Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).

Year of birth unknown
195 deaths
Politicians from Shaoxing
Han dynasty generals
Political office-holders in Henan

Zhu Jun (Han dynasty)


Himmerland is a peninsula in northeastern Jutland, Denmark. It is delimited to the north and the west by the Limfjord, to the east by the Kattegat, and to the south by the Mariager Fjord. The largest city is Aalborg; smaller towns include Hobro, Aars, Løgstør, Støvring and Nibe. In northeastern Himmerland is the Lille Vildmose, Denmark's largest raised bog, which sustains a rich bird life of international importance.

Etymology
It is generally assumed that the name Himmerland is derived from the tribe of the Cimbri since, in the Geography of Ptolemy (2nd century AD), the Kimbroi (in Greek Κίμβροι) are located in the northernmost part of the peninsula of Jutland, called Kimbrikē chersonēsos in Greek (Κιμβρική Χερσόνησος). The Latin c and Greek k attest an earlier stage of Germanic in which the Germanic sound shift was not yet completed (*k > *χ > h), or it has been assumed the Latin form may be derived through Celtic which substituted ch for h (Germanic *, Celtic *, Latin ). If Cimbri (similar to the Welsh word for themselves 'Cymry' from '' - fellow countrymen) were related to other Celtic tribes, the first part of Himmerland might be related in name to the Humber estuary.

See also
Cimbri
Cimmerians
Gundestrup cauldron
Johannes Vilhelm Jensen

Peninsulas of Denmark
North Jutland Region
Cimbri

Himmerland


Ohta, Ōta, ko Ota na iya nufin masu zuwa to:

Mutane

 Ota (wife of Arnulf of Carinthia), Queen of the East Franks 888-899, Empress of the Holy Roman Empire 896-899
 Ota (cartoonist), Brazilian cartoonist
 Atsuya Ota, Japanese basketball player
 Fusae Ohta, Japanese politician
 Herb Ohta, Hawaiian ukulele player
 Hikari Ōta, manzai comedian
 Hiromi Ōta, Japanese female singer who was considered an idol in Japan during the 1970s
 Keibun Ōta, Japanese painter and illustrator
 , Japanese-Mexican sculptor
 Michihiko Ohta, Japanese singer, composer and arranger
 Minoru Ōta (1891–1945), Japanese admiral in World War II
 , Japanese cross-country skier
 Mizuho Ōta (1876–1955), poet and scholar
 Nanami Ohta, Japanese actress
 , Japanese rower
 Princess Ōta (7th century AD), the eldest daughter of emperor Tenji
 Ryu Ota (1930–2009), Japanese New Left activist, author, and ecologist
 , Japanese cyclist
 Shinichiro Ohta, Japanese voice actor and television announcer known for the Iron Chef series
 , Japanese footballer
 , Japanese footballer
 Ōta Sukemoto (1799–1867), daimyō of Edo period
 , Japanese sport wrestler
 Tetsuharu Ōta, Japanese voice actor
 , Japanese triple jumper
 Tomoko Ohta, Japanese molecular evolution scientist
 Toshio Ōta (1919–1942), Japanese fighter pilot
 Toshi Seeger (1922–2013), née Toshi Aline Ohta
 Yukina Ota, Japanese figure skater
 Yuki Ota, Olympic fencer

Geography

Japan

 Ōta, Tokyo (大田, 東京), a Special Ward of the Japanese capital city
 Ōta, Gunma (太田, 群馬), a city northwest of Tokyo in the Gunma prefecture
 Ōta River (太田川), the major river in the Hiroshima prefecture

Sauran wurare

 Kogin Okhta (Neva basin), kogi a Rasha
 Ota (Alenquer), birni ne da Ikklesiya a cikin gundumar Alenquer, kusa da Lisbon, Portugal
 Ota, Corse-du-Sud, gundumar kudancin Corsica, Faransa
 Ota, Ogun, birni ne a Jihar Ogun, Najeriya
 Filin jirgin saman Ota, Portugal

Kamfanoni

 Ohta Jidosha, ɗayan manyan kamfanonin kera motoci na Japan a cikin 1930s
 Ohta Publishing, kamfanin buga littattafan Japan
 OHTA, acronym for Organ Historical Trust of Australia

Halayen almara

 Akihiko Ohta, mai kantin kayan miya a cikin jerin manga na Muteki Kanban Musume
 Isao Ohta, matukin jirgi na 'yan sanda a cikin anime na Patlabor da ikon mallakar manga

Sauran amfani

 5868 Ohta, babban asteroid
 Amplifier transconductance aiki, OpAmp kamar naúrar da ke canza ƙarfin shigarwar zuwa halin fitarwa

Duba kuma

 Okhta (disambiguation)
 OTA (disambiguation)
 Otta (rashin fahimta)

Ohta


Joseph August Ahearn (September 5, 1936 – July 10, 2018) was a major general in the United States Air Force.

Biography
Ahearn was born in Galesburg, Illinois, in 1936. He attended the University of Notre Dame and Syracuse University.

Career
Ahearn joined the Air Force in 1958. His first assignment was at Vandenberg Air Force Base, where he was a construction engineer and programmer. From there, he was assigned to Goose Air Base in Happy Valley - Goose Bay, Newfoundland. In 1963, he transferred to Headquarters Eighth Air Force as a missile maintenance engineer before becoming Director of Engineering and Construction the following year.

Ahearn would be stationed in Frankfurt, West Germany from 1967 to 1970, at which time he was deployed to serve in the Vietnam War. After returning to the United States, he was named a squadron commander at Craig Air Force Base before transferring to Headquarters Air Training Command.

In 1976, Ahearn was assigned to The Pentagon, and in 1983, he returned to West Germany to serve as Deputy Chief of Staff for Engineering and Services at Headquarters United States Air Forces in Europe. He returned to The Pentagon in 1989 as Director of Engineering and Services in the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Logistics and Engineering and was named Civil Engineer, Headquarters U.S. Air Force in 1991.

His retirement was effective as of January 1, 1992.  Next, he was employed by the engineering consulting firm CH2M HILL to secure work through Ahearn's connection with the Pentagon.  The effectiveness of Ahearn's military/dictatorial approach to leadership as applied to civilian organizations was questioned by many at CH2M.  In particular, several executives of CH2M's transportation executive team soon left the firm citing Ahearn as the impetus for their decision to leave.   In retaliation, Ahearn applied pressure to blackball those executives and their affiliates.  In particular, Tom Huntsinger, a longtime CH2M Hill executive and employee of over twenty five years who questioned Ahearn's unethical conduct.  Huntsinger's career was impacted to the point that he became distraught and took his life.  CH2M defended Ahearn's action as not being so "outrageous" as to be actionable under Colorado law, although engineering professional rules of conduct were found to have been violated by Ahearn, a story fabricated by those opposed to his hiring.

During his career, Ahearn became affiliated with the American Society of Civil Engineers, the Society of American Military Engineers, the National Society of Professional Engineers and the American Public Works Association. Additionally, he became a Centurion of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA. The Major General Joseph A. Ahearn Enlisted Leadership Award given by the Air Force Civil Engineer Support Agency is named after him.

Awards he received include the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, the Bronze Star Medal, the Defense Meritorious Service Medal, the Meritorious Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters, the Air Force Commendation Medal, the Outstanding Unit Award with valor device and the Armed Forces Honor Medal of South Vietnam.

He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2010 "for contributions to improving the environment and transportation infrastructure through engineering and construction projects." In 2012, he received the Carroll H. Dunn Award of Excellence from the Construction Industry Institute.

References

1936 births
2018 deaths
People from Galesburg, Illinois
United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Air Force personnel of the Vietnam War
American military engineers
University of Notre Dame alumni
Syracuse University alumni
Recipients of the Order of the Sword (United States)
20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
Engineers from New York (state)
Engineers from Illinois
Military personnel from Illinois

Joseph A. Ahearn


Friedrich Brodersen (1 December 1873 - 19 March 1926) was a German operatic baritone. Born in Bad Boll, he studied singing with Heinrich Bertram. He made his professional opera debut in 1900. He created roles in several world premieres during his career, including Pantalone in Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari's Le donne curiose (1903), Count Gil in Wolf-Ferrari's Il segreto di Susanna (1909), Simone Trovai in Erich Wolfgang Korngold's Violanta (1916), Morone in Hans Pfitzner's Palestrina (1917), Sang in Heinrich Rohr's Das Vaterunser, and roles in Paul von Klenau's Sulamith (1913), and Walter Braunfels's Die Vögel (1920).

References

1873 births
1926 deaths
German operatic baritones
20th-century German male opera singers
People from Göppingen (district)

Friedrich Brodersen


Andreas Thiel (28 September 1826 – 17 July 1908) was a Bishop of Ermland () in East Prussia from 1885–1908.

Thiel was born in Lokau (Tłokowo, Gmina Jeziorany,  Olsztyn County) in the district of Rößel (Reszel). After attending the local school of Lokau, Thiel visited the gymnasium in Rößel and Braunsberg (Braniewo), where he started to study Catholic divinity at the Collegium Hosianum. Thiel was ordained in 1849 and gained his doctorate in 1853. In 1855 he habilitated as a Professor of canon law and ecclesiastical history. Thiel was one of the founders of the Historischer Verein für Ermland (historical association for Ermland) and published several treatises about the regional history.

In 1870 he became capitular of the Frauenburg (Frombork) Cathedral and in 1871 vicar general of the Ermland. In 1885 Thiel received the episcopal consecration. He died in Frauenburg.

References

1826 births
1908 deaths
People from Jeziorany
People from East Prussia
Bishops of Warmia
19th-century German Roman Catholic bishops
20th-century German Roman Catholic bishops
20th-century German Roman Catholic priests

Andreas Thiel (bishop)


A video aggregator is a website that collects and organizes online videos from other sources. Video aggregation is done for different purposes, and websites take different approaches to achieve their purpose.

Some sites try to collect videos of high quality or interest for visitors to view; the collection may be made by editors or may be based on community votes. Another method is to base the collection on those videos most viewed, either at the aggregator site or at various popular video hosting sites. Some other sites exist to allow users to collect their own sets of videos, for personal use as well as for browsing and viewing by others; these sites can develop online communities around video sharing. Still other sites allow users to create a personalized video playlist, for personal use as well as for browsing and viewing by others.

References

Aggregation websites
Aggregator

Video aggregator


Barrington Court is a Tudor manor house begun around 1538 and completed in the late 1550s, with a vernacular stable court (1675), situated in Barrington, near Ilminster, Somerset, England.

The house was owned by several families by 1745 after which it fell into disrepair and was used as a tenant farm. After repair by architect Alfred Hoare Powell (1865–1960), it was acquired by the National Trust in 1907, on the recommendation of the antiquarian Canon Hardwicke Rawnsley (1851–1920).
It has been described as the first house acquired by the National Trust, although Alfriston Clergy House, a more modest property, was acquired earlier.
In the 1920s the house was renovated after Colonel Lyle and his wife 'Ronnie' agreed to take on a ninety-nine year repairing lease from the Trust, and work began in 1921. The stable block turned into a residence and several outbuildings, gardens and gateways were constructed.

The house was originally surrounded by a medieval deer park and in the 17th century a formal garden was constructed. This had largely disappeared until a new garden was laid out by garden designer Gertrude Jekyll (1843–1932) in an Arts and Crafts-style. It now contains walled kitchen gardens, fruit orchards and ornamental gardens.

History
The estate had been occupied since the 11th century and by the 14th century included a substantial house to the north east of the present building, where traces of a moat can still be seen. In 1446 the owner, Giles Daubeney, 6th Baron Daubeney, died at Barrington and left it to his son, another Giles Daubeney, Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney who was a courtier, diplomat and military commander under Edward IV and Henry VII.

The manor was inherited in 1514 by Henry Daubeney, created Earl of Bridgewater for his services to Henry VIII. He spent much of his time in France and little time in Somerset. He may have begun the new house, but he went bankrupt. He married a Catherine Howard.  It is unlikely that much, if any, of the current building was his work. The house was forfeit to the crown and then had various owners including Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Suffolk, who in 1552 sold it to William Clifton, a London merchant who had been assembling a Somerset estate. Clifton or his son John Clifton are thought to be responsible for most of the building at Barrington, possibly modeled on earlier work at Kirby Hall or East Anglian manors close to their roots at Kentwell Hall, Hengrave Hall or Channonz Hall at Tibenham.

It passed down in the Clifton family including Gervase Clifton, who in 1605 sold it to his brother-in-law Sir Thomas Phelips of Montacute House. The house was then mortgaged and, in 1625, sold to Colonel William Strode, Jr. The house and estate were owned by the Strode family from 1625 until 1745 after which it was bought by several different owners but poorly maintained, becoming known as Court Farm.

The interior of the house suffered from its demotion to a tenant farm and from a fire in the early 19th century; after being almost derelict it was repaired under the supervision of Alfred Hoare Powell. Barrington Court was acquired by the National Trust in 1907 and was leased to Col. Abram Arthur Lyle of Tate & Lyle in the 1920s. Abram Lyle and his wife, Elsie Ronalds Lyle (née. Crowdy and known as 'Ronnie') turned the house around and refurbished the court house and renovated Strode House (built by Colonel Strode's son, William III, in 1674) which was originally a stable and coach block. It was at this time that the Lyles contracted Gertrude Jekyll to design the three formal gardens on the property that are maintained by the head gardener.

The house was one of the first large properties acquired by the National Trust; it was not anticipated just how expensive repairs and maintenance would be, and even thirty years later it was still used as an example of why the Trust should be wary of taking on other country houses.

Barrington Court was occupied by a tenant, Stuart Interiors, that took the lease in 1986 from Andrew Lyle, grandson of Col. Lyle. The company sold reproduction furniture. Stuart Interiors left Barrington Court in December 2008, and although the building has no furniture, it is open to visitors.

In 2014 it was the site of filming for the BBC's Tudor-era historical TV serial Wolf Hall. In May 2015 the house was the venue for the BBC programme Antiques Roadshow.

Architecture

Like many Elizabethan mansions, Barrington is built in an 'E' shape with large projecting wings with square projections that contain staircases. The house is not truly symmetrical as the hall has two lights and the buttery one. The south front has seven gables supported by octagonal buttresses and decorated with twisted finials with ogee scale-work caps and English Crockets.

Its central entry porch leads into a screens passage with the hall on the left and, an innovation, a service passage leading to the kitchen wing that occupies the right wing. A long gallery stretches the entire length of the house on the upper floor.

Strode House

The stables – built in 1674 by William Strode III – were converted into a separate house around 1920, under plans drawn up by the architect J.E. Forbes, when the building was given a new west front. The two-storey brick building has Hamstone dressings and a hipped tile roof. Immediately in front of the building is the "fountain court".

Outbuildings

In the 1920s a "motorhouse" was constructed in a Tudor style to match the other buildings. It is a single-storey building with an attic. The front of the building is decorate with heraldic lions.

The two-storey agent's house, known as Beechams, was also built in the 1920s. There are also row of six thatched cottages in Tudor style, a farmhouse and a barn dating from the same period.

Gateways and walls

There are multiple gateways around the estate and entrances to the house. The gateway to the west of the forecourt was rebuilt in the 1920s with tall piers and moulded stepped caps, permitting a full view of the symmetrical facade of the house. The gateways to the east of the forecourt and to the east of the south lawn have wrought iron gates. The wall around the forecourt is of the same vintage and has rectangular lily ponds at the base.

Gardens

In the 16th century the house was surrounded by a deer park. In the 1550s William Clifton took action, in the Star Chamber court, against local poachers who hunted deer in the park while he was away.

The remains of the original gardens include a rectangular raised area or parterre  by  near a liner pond or canal which is  by . There is also geophysical evidence of a further 17th-century formal garden.

Barrington Court is noted for its Arts and Crafts-style gardens for which garden designer Gertrude Jekyll provided planting plans. The gardens were laid out in 1917 by J. E. Forbes, of the partnership Forbes & Tate, for Lieut-Col. A. Arthur Lyle. There are a series of walled areas that include a white garden, a rose and iris garden and a lily garden. The original plans are being used to restore the gardens; however, the planting scheme has been changed from that designed by Jekyll to that designed by Mrs Lyle in the 1960s.

The walls of the kitchen garden were built in the 1920s and include two gateways with neoclassical architraves. The gravel paths are laid out in a square with a cross at the centre enhanced by a fountain surrounded by fruit trees, vegetable plots and soft fruits. There are carriage openings with wrought-iron gates.

The kitchen garden provides produce for the property's restaurant located in the adjacent Strode House; this includes many types of fruit and vegetables. The local St Mary & St Peter's CE VC Primary School, which has bases at Barrington and Ilton, has a vegetable plot where the children plant, tend and cook the produce; the walls are also strewn with apple, pear and plum trees. Attached to the garden is a squash court.

About  south west of the house is an unusual multi-faced sundial. It was built of stone and bronze, on a stone column. It is a dodecahedron surmounted by a heraldic lion. It was imported from California by Colonel Lyle in 1920.

The gardens are Grade II* listed on the National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

See also
 List of National Trust properties in Somerset

References

External links

Barrington Court information at the National Trust

Houses completed in the 16th century
Country houses in Somerset
Gardens in Somerset
Grade I listed buildings in South Somerset
Grade I listed houses in Somerset
Historic house museums in Somerset
National Trust properties in Somerset
Tudor architecture
Gardens by Gertrude Jekyll
Arts and Crafts gardens
Rose gardens in England
Grade II* listed parks and gardens in Somerset
Hamstone buildings

Barrington Court


A tracksuit is an article of clothing consisting of two parts: trousers and a jacket usually with front zipper. It was originally intended for use in sports, mainly for athletes to wear over competition clothing (such as running shirt and shorts or a swimsuit) and to take off before competition. In modern times, it has become commonly worn in other contexts. The tracksuit was one of the earliest uses of synthetic fibers in sportswear.

A descendant of the tracksuit, the shell suit, which arrived in the late 1980s, was popular with the hip hop and breakdancing scene of the era.
They were manufactured from a mix of cellulose triacetate and polyester making them shiny on the outside, with distinctive combinations of colours.

Most tracksuits have a mesh interior which allows the user to wear them without any undergarment such as underwear. This is much like a bathing suit. Many people wear it for physical exercise sessions. A sauna suit is a specialized form of tracksuit made of a waterproof fabric such as coated nylon or PVC that is designed to make the wearer sweat profusely.  Sauna suits are primarily used for temporary weight loss.

Other names

The tracksuit is also known as a warm-up suit, or "warmups" for short, as they are intended for athletes to keep their bodies warm before or after competition, and during breaks (especially important in cold weather). In almost all cases, sports teams will wear these garments using a fabric that matches their official team, school, or country colors. The bottoms of tracksuits are also known as sweatpants.

Fashion history
The invention of the tracksuit is understood to have happened in 1930s, however its big break came in the late 1960s when Adidas created their first piece of apparel. Tracksuits have come in and out of fashion over several decades. The period that featured tracksuits as sportswear that was acceptable to wear outside of the gym was the 1960s and 1970s. Tracksuits first became popular around 1975, made out of cotton, polyester, terry cloth, or a mix. In the late 1970s velour became popular, so much so that it became the most used form of fabric on a tracksuit. The trend of wearing athletic clothing continued into the early 1980s. Tracksuits were eventually replaced by shellsuits, which were made out of nylon, in the late 1980s. This trend was short-lived, lasting only a few years.

In the late 1990s, tracksuits made a comeback in mainstream fashion for both men and women. They returned to the fabrics of the 1970s, most notably polyester. The trend continued into the 2000s, where velour made a comeback, by the likes of Juicy Couture and other brands. This continued for most of the decade. Tracksuits briefly went out of fashion in the late 2000s, resurfacing in the 2010s with "athleisure" trends.

Beginning in the early-2000s, tracksuits have been associated with grime music in the UK and its related culture. This has led to the style of clothing being associated in the mainstream media with the country's gang culture, however grime musicians such as Stormzy have openly disassociated from them.

Since 2006, prominent fashion designers have been asked to design tracksuits for the athletes of various Olympic teams, usually all the athletes representing one country. For example, designer Ralph Lauren created the USA uniforms for the 2010 Winter Olympic Games opening ceremony.  The sportswear company Adidas hired Stella McCartney to be the Creative Director for the 2012 GB Olympic Games (by Adidas)—the first time in the history of the games that a leading fashion designer has designed the apparel for a particular country's team across all competitions for both the Olympic and the Paralympic Games.

Gallery

See also
Athleisure

References

Sportswear
Suits (clothing)
1970s fashion
1980s fashion
1990s fashion
2000s fashion
2010s fashion

Tracksuit


Bhupathy's purple frog (Nasikabatrachus bhupathi) is a frog species belonging to the family Sooglossidae. It lives in the Western Ghat mountains in India.  It is a purple cave frog that lives underground almost all the time.

Bodies
Many species of frog dig underground a little, but Bhupathy's purple frogs live undergound almost all the time.  They have front limbs shaped like shovels for digging and long noses so they can stick their tongues aboveground and lick the surface to catch ants to eat.  They do not have shoot-and-pull-back tongues like other frogs.

Adult frogs have purple skins and a thin blue ring around each eye.

The frog has one close relative, the purple frog, N. sahyadrensis, which was first found in the Western Ghats in 2003.

Life cycle
The tadpoles do not swim in ponds or streams.  Instead, they grab the stones behind waterfalls, where they spend six months eating algae. Young frogs, called imagos, have brown skin. They turn purple when they are adults.

Adult frogs only come aboveground when the rain falls at the beginning of the northeast monsoon season, when they find mates.

Discovery
Scientists from Hyderabad's Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology discovered the frog in 2017.  They named the frog after scientist Dr. Subramaniam Bhupathy, who died in the Western Ghat Mountains in 2014.  They wrote about N. bhupathi in Alytes, the official magazine of the International Society for the Study and Conservation of Amphibians.  They found N. bhupathi by listening for frog sounds coming up from underground.

"This frog lineage is very ancient, and has a very low diversity, so this finding is very special and unusual," said Elizabeth Prendini of the American Museum of Natural History, who helped write the scientific paper about the discovery.

The scientists did not to say exactly where they found the sample frogs because it was on private property.

This discovery was paid for by the Indian government in a project to sample the DNA of every frog in the country.

Other ideas
Some scientists said that because N. bhupathy, which lives in India, has close relatives in the Seychelles, which are close to Africa, it is likely that the Gondwanaland idea of why the continents are where they are is right.  This idea says that Africa and India used to be one large continent, called Gondwanaland.

References

Frogs of Asia
Animals of India

Bhupathy's purple frog


Deborah Nelson is a Pulitzer prize-winning freelance journalist at Reuters and the Associate Professor of Investigative Reporting at the Philip Merrill College of Journalism at the University of Maryland.

Nelson earned her B.S. in Journalism from Northern Illinois University and her J.D. from the DePaul University College of Law in 1987. Prior to joining the faculty at the University of Maryland in 2006, she was the Washington investigations editor for the Los Angeles Times, the national investigative team reporter for The Washington Post, and a reporter for the Chicago Sun-Times.

In 1997, Nelson won the Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting for her investigative work for the Seattle Times, exposing "widespread corruption and inequities in the federally-sponsored housing program for Native Americans, which inspired much-needed reforms."

In 2008, she received critical acclaim for her book, The War Behind Me: Vietnam Veterans Confront the Truth about U.S. War Crimes, which investigates declassified Army papers on Vietnam-era war crimes and uncovers the lives of soldiers who were witness to the crimes.

Nelson currently teaches courses on investigative reporting and media law and is on the advisory boards of the Fund for Investigative Journalism and the Investigative Reporting Workshop.

Investigative Journalism

As an investigative journalist, Nelson has covered a wide range of topics, centered on exposing problems in the environment, the health industry, income inequality, and human rights violations. Her news publications also have addressed issues of misconduct in the gene therapy field and medical research in developing countries.

Pulitzer Prize
In 1997, Deborah Nelson shared the Pulitzer Prize with Eric Nalder and Alex Tizon for their The Seattle Times series that identified critical problems in the federal government's Indian Housing Program. The series, titled Tribal housing: From Deregulation to Disgrace, exposes that "Across the nation - in tribe after tribe, state after state - the Indian-housing program is riddled with fraud, abuse and mismanagement." The series concludes with a five-point list of recommendations for a more effective tribal-housing program, which include the strict enforcement of rules, a mandate that requires that the bulk of federal funding to be channeled to low-income households that need assistance the most, and the creation of constraints that will prevent disproportionately large expenditures on small families.

Nelson's series was crucial in initiating reform in the management of the tribal housing program.

Additionally, Nelson also co-edited Pulitzer Prize-winning series for The Washington Post, which covered the death of 229 children  in the District of Columbia, and for the Los Angeles Times on the death of 45 Marine pilots in Harrier jet accidents.

Selected Awards in Journalism
Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting, 1997, "Tribal Housing: From Deregulation to Disgrace," Seattle Times
Sidney Hillman Prize for Excellence in Journalism, 2019, "Ambushed at Home," Reuters
White House Correspondents' Association Edgar A. Poe Award, 2019,"Ambushed at Home," Reuters
Society of Professional Journalists Sigma Delta Chi Award, 2019, "Ambushed at Home," Reuters
National Press Club Award for Consumer Journalism, 2019, "Ambushed at Home," Reuters
American Association for the Advancement of Science Kavli Science Journalism Gold Award, 2017, "The Uncounted," Reuters
SPJ Deadline Club Award for Enterprise Reporting, 2017, "The Uncounted," Reuters
National Academies of Sciences Communication Award, 2015, "Water's Edge," Reuters
Society of Professional Journalists Sigma Delta Chi Award, 2014, "Water's Edge" Reuters
National Press Club Award for Consumer Journalism, 2015, "Water's Edge," Reuters
Society of Professional Journalists Sigma Delta Chi Award, 2001, "Body Hunters," Washington Post
Overseas Press Club of America Award for business reporting, 2001, "Body Hunters," Washington Post
American Association for the Advancement of Science Award, 2000, "Gene Therapy," Washington Post
John B. Oakes Award for Distinguished Environmental Journalism, 1999, "Trading Away the West," Seattle Times
Women in Communications Clarion Award, 1997, "Tribal Housing: From Deregulation to Disgrace," Seattle Times
National Housing Journalism Award, 1991, "The Slum Brokers," Chicago Sun-Times

Recent Publications

"Ambushed at Home: The hazardous, squalid housing of American military families," Reuters (Nov. 1, Dec. 28, 2018) with Michael B. Pell.
"The Uncounted: The Epidemic America is Ignoring," Reuters (Sep. 7, Nov. 18, Dec. 15, Dec. 22, 2016) with Ryan McNeill and Yasmeen Abutaleb.
"Water's Edge: The Crisis of Rising Sea Levels," Reuters (Jul. 10, Sep. 4, Sep. 17, Nov. 24, 2014) with Ryan McNeill and Duff Wilson.
"The Unequal State of America: Redistributing Up," Reuters (Dec. 18, 2012) with Himanshu Ojha.
"The Cruelest Show on Earth," Mother Jones (Nov. – Dec. 2011).
The War Behind Me: Vietnam Veterans Confront the Truth About U.S. War Crimes (Basic Books; 2008).
"Vietnam: The War Crimes Files," The Los Angeles Times (Aug. 6 and 20, 2006) with Nick Turse.
"Body Hunters," The Washington Post (Dec. 17 – 22, 2000) with a team of reporters.
"Gene Therapy," The Washington Post (Sept. 1999 – Nov. 2000) with Rick Weiss.
"Trading Away the West," The Seattle Times (Sept. 27 – Oct 2, 1998) with Jim Simon, Danny Westneat and Eric Nalder.
"Tribal Housing: From Deregulation to Disgrace," The Seattle Times (Dec. 1 – 5, 1996) with Eric Nalder and Alex Tizon.
"The Wenatchee Sex Crime Case: Evidence on Trial," The Seattle Times (Nov. 26 – 27, 1995) with Marla Williams, Duff Wilson and Thomas Haines.
"The Slum Brokers," Chicago Sun-Times (Jun 30 – Jul 2, 1991) with Tom Brune.

References

External links
"Deborah Nelson." Philip Merrill College of Journalism. University of Maryland, 2014. Web.
Nelson, Deborah. (2014). Curriculum Vitae. Retrieved from http://www.merrill.umd.edu/sites/default/files/Deborah%20Nelson%20CV%209-30-2014.docx

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women journalists
Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting winners
DePaul University alumni
Northern Illinois University alumni
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
21st-century American women

Deborah Nelson


3′-Hydroxyechinenone is a keto-carotenoid pigment found in cyanobacteria and microalgae. Carotenoids belong to a larger class of phytochemicals known as terpenoids. The chemical formula of canthaxanthin is C40H54O2.  It is found non-covalently bound in the orange carotenoid protein (OCP), which is a soluble protein involved in photoprotection and non-photochemical quenching of photosynthesis.

References

Carotenoids
Cyclohexenes

3'-Hydroxyechinenone


Los Chamos were a famous Venezuelan boy band formed in Caracas, Venezuela in 1981 to rival Menudo's success. Los Chamos were made up of six members and released their first album "Los Chamos-El Soldadito" sponsored by channel 8 of Venezuelan National TV.

In 1982, they released their second album called "Siempre Te Amare", which spanned the international hit, Canta Chamo.That album went Gold and Platinum in many Latin American countries.
That hit led them to sing at Mexico's Estadio Azteca, among other big venues in Latin America.

In 1983 they released a third hit album called "Tu Como Yo" produced by famous singer and composer Rudy LaScala.

That same year "Los Chamos" released a blockbuster movie called "Secuestro En Acapulco-Canta Chamo" alongside famous actresses Yuri-also a singer- and La Chilindrina

Los Chamos went on tour for many years through Mexico, the United States, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Central America, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, etc. After that huge success, four group members alleged poor working conditions and left to pursue other musical endeavors. Four more boys were brought in to form Los Chamos' line up, and another album was released. The sudden, drastic line up change and new album weren't as positively received by the public, and Los Chamos dissolved soon after.  They tried their hand at a fifth release in 1990, with six new members, and after that, Los Chamos officially called it quits.

Nowadays some of the former members relocated and live in the United States, Mexico, Germany and Brazil. On August 28, 2018, Mexican television reporter Ana Maria Canseco announced on her webpage that former member Chamo Will Marquez Uzcategui, "Chamo Will", died unexpectedly from a respiratory condition in his native Venezuela.

Members

1981-1984
Ricardo Messina (sang in the first and second album and was replaced by Chamo Gabriel)
Argenis Brito
Enrique Couselo
Gabriel Fernandez (Replaced Ricardo Messina)
Winston Márquez Uzcategui
Will Márquez Uzcategui
Walter Márquez Uzcategui
Roger Martin (only sang on the first album and was replaced by Argenis)
Raul (who was only in the group for a short amount of time and didn't make any songs with the group)

1984-1987
Adolfo Cubas
Cristóbal "Chris" Roges
Enrico "Henry" Madia
Gabriel Fernández
Enrique Couselo
Juan de León Santana

1987-1991
Álvaro Novoa
Ángel Guinness
Bernard
Carlos Baute
Freddy
Lino Martone
Romulo Ortiz
Jose Acedo (El Powers Inaki)

Discography
1981: Los Chamos [Original Members: Ricardo Messina, Jesus Mercado, Enrique, Winston, William and Walter]
1982: Siempre Te Amare [Original Members]
1983: Tu Como Yo [Original Members]
1984: Chamo Soy [New Members: Adolfo, Chris, Manuel and Juan]
1990: Con un Poco de Amor [New Members: Alvaro, Angel, Bernald, Carlos, Freddy and Lino]

See also
Venezuelan music

References

External links
 Contains discography and group line-ups (Spanish)

Venezuelan boy bands
Venezuelan musical groups
Musical groups established in 1981
1981 establishments in Venezuela

Los Chamos


Grand Ayatollah  Syed Mohsin Nawab Rizvi (14 April 1911 – 26 August 1969) () popularly known as Mohsin-ul-millat, was an Indian poet, writer, speaker and a Marja of the Twelver branch of Shia Islam. He served as vice principal of Sultanul Madaris, Lucknow, and as a principal of Govt Oriental College Madarsa Alia, Rampur and Madarsa Imaniya Nasiriya, Jaunpur.

Biography

He was born in 1911 at Lucknow. His father Maulana Syed Ahmad Nawab Rizvi was a prominent Shia Scholar and was the editor of the monthly Urdu magazine, Alawarif. After earning his degree of Sadrul Afazil from Madrasa Sulatanul Madaris, he went to Hawza 'Ilmiyya Najaf, Iraq, where he studied Dars al-Kharij with Ayatollah Abu l-Hasan al-Isfahani, Ayatollah Syed Ziauddin Iraqi, Ayatollah Mirza Hussein Naini, Ayatollah Shaikh Abdul Husain Rashti, and Ayatollah Seyed Jawad Tabrezi, He earned the Ijazae ijtihad (the highest degree of islamic jurisprudence).
Rizvi understood Urdu, Arabic and Farsi. During his student life in Lucknow he was the editor of an Arabic religious and literary magazine, Al-Adeeb, which was published under the patronage of Nasirul Millat Syed Nasir Husain. After returning from Iraq he was appointed as a principal of Jamaey Imaniya Nasirya, Jaunpur. He managed a middle school, which became a leading degree college in Jaunpur District, known as Raza D.M. Shia Degree College. After Jaunpur, Rizvi was called on by then Nawab of Rampur Raza Ali Khan Bahadur Rampur State (U.P) India to take charge of the Madrsa-e-Aliya (Oriential college) Rampur (UP) as principal. After remaining few years as the principal he came back to Lucknow and joined Madrase Sultanul Madaris Lucknow (U.P.) India as vice principal, as the Matla-e-Anwar (written by Maulana Murtaza Husain Sadrul-Afazil). He was chief patron of the monthly Urdu magazine ALILM. He wrote many books, some of them published and others still unpublished. He was a great khateeb (orator). He was the general secretary of All India Shia Majlise Ulama (Council of Scholars); among scholars he was known as Mohsinullmillat.
He died on 26 August 1969 and is buried in Lucknow.

Notable disciples

 Maulana Syed Hamidul Hasan Ex- Principal Jamia Nazmia, Lucknow, India.

 Mirza Mohammed Athar, Ex Principal Shia college, Lucknow, India

 Dr.Syed Mohammad Waris Hasan Naqvi PhD (Edenbraugh University) Ex Principal Madrase Waizeen, Lucknow, India.

 Syed Ahmed (politician), Ex Governor Jharkhand and Manipur.

Dr. Syed Kalbe Sadiq Naqvi PhD (Muslim University Aligarh) Lucknow, India.

Writings
Ghadeer se Karbala tak
Hadees Madeenatul Ilm (Hadees ki Sanad aur uski dalalat)
Zaereen-e- Qaime Aley Mohammad (A.S)
Falsafa-e- Sahro Aijaz
Kahalike Kaiynat aur Qadeem wa Jadeed Falsafi
Altatheer
Mhuaabat Ahlebait-e- Tahireen (A.S) wa Gunahgar Momineen
Diwane Shaeri (Qasaed wa Gazalyat)
Hazrat Mola Imam Hussain A.s ka Matam

Books written in Arabic

References

1969 deaths
1911 births
Indian Shia Muslims
Scholars from Lucknow
Indian ayatollahs

Syed Mohsin Nawab Rizvi