MVP 06: NCAA Baseball is the fourth edition of the baseball video game series developed by Electronic Arts. Because of Electronic Arts' loss of the Major League Baseball (MLB) license to Take Two Interactive in 2005, which held the exclusive MLB license until 2014, the publishers decided to transition the MVP series to feature NCAA baseball, joining the publisher's NCAA football and basketball lines. MVP 06 was released on January 18, 2006 for the Xbox and PlayStation 2 consoles. The athlete on the cover is former Texas Longhorn David Maroul.

Changes to gameplay
While MVP 06 offers several large changes to gameplay in batting and fielding to reflect the switch to the collegiate game (aluminum bats, fielding by collegiate players), pitching remained essentially unchanged. Also, MVP 06 offers the player an option to change hitting and fielding to "classic" mode, reverting the controls to those of MVP Baseball 2005.

Load and fire batting
MVP 06 offers a brand new method for controlling the batter called "load and fire" batting. The player takes control of the batter's body by pressing and holding a button to lift the hitter's leg at the correct time so the hitter can use his hips to rip into the ball.

Precision throw control
The game also features a new precision throw control. Players use the right analog stick in order to throw the ball to the bases. If a player holds the button too long, he can overthrow the base, and if he does not hold the throw button long enough the ball could fall short, likely causing an error.

Create-a-Ballpark mode
In addition to the features mentioned above, the game has also improved the "create-a-ballpark" feature. The player can set the distance and height of the walls, as well as the surrounding backdrop, the field surface, and the size of foul territory. It could be convenient to MVP Baseball 2005 fans that there are preset walls that resemble those for all Major League ballparks, but instead of mentioning the parks' names, the selection involves the names of the cities.

Reception

The game was met with positive reception upon release.  GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 77.98% and 76 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version, and 77.61% and 75 out of 100 for the Xbox version.

The A.V. Club gave it an A−, stating that "the mini-games are awesome, especially the batting challenge, which lets you get used to EA's "load and fire" batting system (which, we hear, was licensed from Club Jenna)". The New York Times gave it a favorable review and said: "The big news is a different online feature, ESPN Integration, which uses your network connection to run a live ESPN news ticker along the bottom of your screen as you play. This is a wonderfully ingenious way to increase the sense that you are experiencing an actual baseball game, and to keep sports aficionados satisfied". Maxim, on the other hand, gave it a score of seven out of ten and stated that "after nine innings, it's basically the same game, including easy to master controls that'll finally allow you to be big man on campus. Or at least big man on LAN party". USA Today similarly gave it seven stars out of ten and said that the game "shows promise for the genre with its innovative take on batting. But a game that is as thrilling as a bunt could have been fun as a grand slam". Detroit Free Press gave it two stars out of four: "The game itself has decent game play, but is hurt because of the lack of attention given to the bells and whistles".

See also
MVP Baseball
MVP Baseball 2005

References

External links

College baseball video games in the United States
PlayStation 2 games
Xbox games
2006 video games
EA Sports games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
NCAA video games
Video games developed in Canada

MVP 06: NCAA Baseball


The Horace Belden School and Central Grammar School are a pair of architecturally distinguished Late Gothic Revival occupying a single campus at  933 Hopmeadow Street and 29 Massaco Street in Simsbury, Connecticut.   The Belden School was built in 1907 as the first Simsbury High School, and now serves as Simsbury Town Hall.  The Central Grammar School, built in 1913, is now called the Central School.  The buildings were listed as a pair on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993 for their architecture and their role in the town's educational system.

Description and history
The two school buildings are located north of Simsbury's central business district, on a parcel of land bounded on the north by Massaco Street and the east by Hopmeadow Street (United States Route 202), with commercial property occupying the street corner.  Both are two-story buildings, with ashlar brownstone walls, and predominantly Gothic Revival styling.  The former Belden School, now Town Hall, faces Hopmeadow Street.  It has its main entrance in a Gothic-arched recess, and has bands of sash windows topped by transom windows set into separate openings.  There are broad projecting sections in several parts of the facade, and large gabled dormers with slightly flared roof lines projecting from the hip roof.  The main section of the school was built in 1907, with an additions in 1927 and 1961.  It has served as the town hall since 1983.
3
The Central School faces north to Massaco Street.  Its original section, built in 1913, is L-shaped, and also has entrances set in Gothic openings.  Its roof gables are adorned with parapets.  Unlike the Belden School building, whose interior has been extensively altered, its interior retains many original finishes.  A Colonial Revival extension was added in 1949-50.

Both schools came about through the financial support of Horace Belden, a Simsbury native whose grandfather had made a fortune in merchant trade with the West Indies.  Belden's philanthropy, in addition to funding the schools, also paid for the local water company, and for the improvement of town roads.  The schools were built as part of the town's consolidation of district schools into centralized facilities, and were designed at a time when schools were expected to be monuments to education, and to reflect European educational traditions.  The Collegiate Gothic style in which these are built was seen to fulfil these expectations.

The Belden School originally served as the town's high school, and also served the students of surrounding towns.  Overcrowding in the mid-20th century prompted construction of a high school wing onto the junior high school in 1955, and Belden was converted into a grammar school, a role it served until 1980.  Shuttered for a number of years, it was adapted for use as town hall in 1983.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hartford County, Connecticut

References

External links
Central School web site
Simsbury town web site

National Register of Historic Places in Hartford County, Connecticut
Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Connecticut
Gothic Revival architecture in Connecticut
Late Gothic Revival architecture
School buildings completed in 1907
School buildings completed in 1913
Buildings and structures in Simsbury, Connecticut
1907 establishments in Connecticut
1913 establishments in Connecticut
Town halls in Connecticut


The flag of the Cook Islands, officially known as the Cook Islands Ensign, is based on the traditional design for former British colonies in the Pacific region. It is a blue ensign containing the Union Flag in the upper left, and on the right, fifteen stars in a ring. The Union Flag is symbolic of the nation's historic ties to the United Kingdom and to the Commonwealth of Nations. The stars stand for the fifteen islands that make up the Cook Islands (Tongareva, Rakahanga, Manihiki, Pukapuka, Nassau, Suwarrow, Palmerston, Aitutaki, Manuae, Takutea, Atiu, Mitiaro, Mauke, Rarotonga and Mangaia). The blue represents the ocean and the peaceful nature of the inhabitants.

History
A Federal Flag Bill was proposed in the Cook Islands Parliament in 1892, but was not assented to. The proposed flag had consisted of three horizontal stripes (red, white, red), with a Union Flag in the top left corner, overlaid by a black coconut palm tree on a white circle. When the islands were annexed by New Zealand in 1901, the New Zealand flag was used instead.

In 1973 a contest was held to design a new flag, with 120 entries. The winner was chosen at a meeting of the cabinet, judging panel and the flag design committee, a green ensign with 15 gold stars in a circle. The gold was to represent the "friendliness of Cook Islanders and their hope, faith, dedication, love and happiness"; the circle represented "unity and strength of purpose and the moulding of 15 islands into one united people"; the stars were "symbols of heaven, faith in god and the power that has guided Cook Islanders throughout their history"; and the green background was to represent the "nation, the vitality of the land and the people of the evergreen and lasting growth of the Cook Islands". The new flag was raised for the first time on 24 January 1974.

In 1979 it was replaced by the current flag.

Historical flags

National flags

Proposed flags

See also
 List of New Zealand flags

References

External links

 World Statesmen - Cook Islands

Flag
National flags
Blue Ensigns
Flags with crosses
Flags of New Zealand
Flags introduced in 1979
Cook
Flags that incorporate the Union Jack

Flag of the Cook Islands


Astragalus jaegerianus is a rare species of milkvetch known by the common name Lane Mountain milkvetch. The plant was named for the biologist Edmund Jaeger, who first documented it in 1939.

Distribution
It is endemic to northeastern San Bernardino County, California, where it is known from only four populations in the vicinity of Fort Irwin in the Mojave Desert. It is a federally listed endangered species.

Description
This is a perennial herb with thin stems coated in scaly hairs. The stems reach 30 to 70 centimeters in length and grow tangled in the herbage of adjacent shrubs. In dry years the plant grows only a few centimeters long before flowering, but after abundant rain it may climb to the tops of neighboring shrubs. The leaves are 2 to 5 centimeters long and are made up of several widely spaced narrow leaflets with hairy upper surfaces.

The inflorescence is an open array of up to 15 pale purple, dark veined flowers. Each flower is up to one centimeter in length. The flowers are insect-pollinated, with the most common pollinator being the megachilid bee Anthidium dammersi. The fruit is a hanging legume pod up to 2.5 centimeters long. It is hairless and dries to a leathery or thick papery texture.

References

External links
Jepson Manual Treatment
Photo gallery
Photo of the seed pod

jaegerianus
Endemic flora of California
Natural history of the Mojave Desert
NatureServe critically imperiled species

Astragalus jaegerianus


Thomas Russell Bowden (May 20, 1841 – July 6, 1893) served as Attorney General of the Restored government of Virginia from 1863 to 1865 and of Virginia from 1865 to 1869.

Bowden, the son of Lemuel J. Bowden, was born near Williamsburg, Virginia and attended the College of William and Mary. During the American Civil War he became a Republican. In May 1863 Bowden was the Unionist candidate for attorney general of the Restored government of Virginia and won election with 2,743 votes, thus becoming the youngest attorney general of Virginia up until that time at the age of twenty-two.

Bowden sought reelection in 1869 but was defeated by James Craig Taylor in the election held on July 6, 1869. Bowden resigned as attorney general effective August 1, 1869. Until Taylor took office on January 19, 1870, Charles Whittlesey was appointed in fill the vacancy. Not long after leaving office, Bowden moved to Washington, D.C., where he practiced law for more than twenty years. He was the author of Blunders in Educated Circles Corrected (1889). Bowden died in Washington, D.C., and was buried in Cedar Grove Cemetery in Williamsburg, Virginia.

References
 Obituary in Washington Post, July 8, 1893.
 Biography in John T. Kneebone et al., Dictionary of Virginia Biography (Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1998-   ), 2:132-133.

External links
 Thomas Russell Bowden at Encyclopedia Virginia

1841 births
1893 deaths
Virginia Attorneys General
Politicians from Williamsburg, Virginia
College of William & Mary alumni
Virginia Republicans
19th-century American politicians
Washington, D.C., Republicans

Thomas Russell Bowden


A speaker is an ootpit component that converts electrical seegnals intil soond swaws. Conter gates, a meecrophone maks electrical seegnals fae soond swaws. The frequency o a electric seegnal is in proportion tae a pitch made; hechter frequencies mak hechter soonds.

A speaker's electrical circuit haes a electromagnetic coil. Whan this is sneckit on, a cap middlins the "drum" muives til it. Whan sneckit aff, the drum muives awa.

1924 introductions

Speaker


Baldwin I († 879), also known as Baldwin Iron Arm (), was a French nobleman and  became the first count of Flanders.

Career

Baldwin's father was named Audacer but little else is known of him. His family was related to the counts of Laon. Before holding Flanders Baldwin was already a count, probably at Ghent. Baldwin was in Senlis in 862. Somehow he decided to take Judith, the daughter of Charles the Bald, the king, for his wife. Judith, had been the wife of two English kings, Athelwulf († 858) and Athelbald († 860). On her return and still in her teens she was being held at the castle of Senlis by her father. Baldwin took Judith, the twice widowed daughter of Charles the Bald,
and the couple fled to the court of Lothair II, king of Lorraine. He was Judith's cousin. Once they were safely out of her father's reach Baldwin married her. This was about 863. King Charles had his bishops excommunicate the couple. He also demanded that his nephew return Baldwin and his daughter Judith to him. At this point Baldwin and Judith fled to Rome. They asked Pope Nicholas I to intercede and legitimize their marriage. Baldwin made known his intent to join the Vikings if his marriage was not allowed. Vikings were a constant threat in northern France and Baldwin was needed to help fight them. The pope decided their marriage was valid and had the bishops withdraw their excommunication. Charles the Bald was forced to accept Baldwin as his son-in-law. The couple was married a second time, in public. Her father did not attend but sent officials to witness the marriage. He gave Baldwin the honors the pope recommended.

Baldwin was given rule over Flanders with the title of margrave (count of a borderland) of Flanders. He protected Flanders for the next fifteen years from Vikings. He became known for his harsh treatment of anyone attacking Flanders. This later gave him the name "Baldwin Iron Arm". In 867 Baldwin built a castle at Ghent to protect from Viking raids. The city built up around the castle. Ghent became the seat of his countship. Baldwin also built a castle at Bruges, the port city on the North Sea. It too was for the purpose of stopping Viking plundering. When Charles the Bald died in 877, Baldwin faithfully supported his son, Louis the Stammerer, helping him become king of the Franks. Baldwin died in 879.

Family

Baldwin married Judith (–after 870), daughter of Charles the Bald, King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor. Together they had:

 Baldwin II (–918), he succeeded his father as count.
 Raoul (Rodulf) († 896), Count of Cambrai.
 Guinidilda, she married Wifredo I, Count of Barcelona.

Notes

References

879 deaths
Counts and countesses of Flanders
9th-century births

Baldwin I, Count of Flanders


Mark Simms (born 1981) is a Canadian filmmaker, community activist and martial artist.

Life
Mark Simms was born in Toronto, Ontario and grew up in Jane and Finch alongside childhood friend, Paul Nguyen. Simms is the executive producer for the community website, Jane-Finch.com. He is a 2nd Dan black belt in Taekwondo and has competed and won multiple provincial tournaments. He frequently appears as a motivational speaker and guest lecturer for events aimed at children and youth. He is a recipient of the 2011 Ontario Volunteer Service Award from the Ministry of Citizenship, Immigration and International Trade. In 2016, Simms appeared on CBC's Marketplace to investigate racism in Canada.

Media
Simms is an outspoken advocate for the Jane and Finch community. He comments on issues of gangs, drugs and crime.
In 2006, Simms opposed the installation of police cameras in Jane and Finch on CBC's Metro Morning with Andy Barrie. In 2007, he spoke out on behalf of the Manners family during the 2007 murder of Jordan Manners.

Advocacy
Simms has commented on various topics and issues surrounding the Jane and Finch area.
 December 28, 2005 - Simms appeared on Global News to talk about gang warfare.
 November 9, 2005 - Simms appeared on CBC News: Today with Nancy Wilson to talk about the underground documentary, 'The Real Toronto'.
 August 1, 2006 - Simms on Radio Canada International to talk about street gangs in Toronto.
 May 24, 2007, Simms appeared on CBC News Morning with Heather Hiscox to talk about the Jordan Manners shooting.
 May 24, 2007, Simms appeared on CTV's The Verdict with Paula Todd to discuss the Jordan Manners shooting.
 June 21, 2007 - Simms spoke to CBC News host Nancy Wilson about gangs and the 'no-snitch' culture.
 Summer 2007, Simms discusses his involvement with the fifth estate documentary Lost in the Struggle in the Ryerson Review of Journalism.
 October 6, 2008 - Simms appeared on the CBC French Radio program Désautel to talk about gang crime in Jane and Finch.
 January 12, 2010, Simms appeared on Sun TV to discuss Jane-Finch.com's impact to the Jane and Finch community.
 May 20, 2011, Simms spoke to host Karen Horsman on CBC's Metro Morning to express the community's feelings of the non-guilty verdict in the Jordan Manners' trial.
 February 26, 2016, Simms spoke to host Sheila Coles on CBC's Morning Edition talking about his experience with racism in Canada.

Broadcast
Simms spent 10 months as a cameraman and associate producer documenting the lives of gang-involved youth from Jane and Finch for CBC's the fifth estate in the Gemini Award-nominated Lost in the Struggle. The film featured Vietnamese-Canadian rapper, Chuckie Akenz.
 Lost in the Struggle: The Next Chapter (associate producer) (CBC Television, the fifth estate, 2012)
 If Justice Fails (actor) (CBC Television, the fifth estate, 2007)
 Ian Jones: Activist and Artist, How the Steelpan is Changing Lives (editor) (Bravo!/Leda Serene Films, 2007)
 Lost in the Struggle (associate producer) (CBC Television, the fifth estate, 2006)

Short films
 Uncle Bob and his Vietnamese Children (producer), Jane-Finch (2010)
 Know Your Rights (cast), Jane-Finch.com (2010)
 Hustle On by Blacus Ninjah (director), Jane-Finch.com (2005)

References

External links
 http://www.jane-finch.com
 http://www.cbc.ca/fifth/lostinthestruggle/filmmaker.html
 http://www.cbc.ca/metromorning/episodes/2011/05/20/were-always-shafted/
 http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2007/05/24/school-shooting-070524.html
 CTV.ca
 https://nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=62c72629-98b1-4b3e-bbb9-1e77fade5d3a&p=2
 http://thevarsity.ca/articles/15811
 http://caribbeantales.ca/heartbeat/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=43&Itemid=27

1981 births
Activists from Toronto
Canadian community activists
Canadian television journalists
Film directors from Toronto
Living people
Film producers from Ontario
Canadian people of Jamaican descent
Journalists from Toronto
Black Canadian filmmakers

Mark Simms


The Backwoods, alternately known in Spanish as Bosque de Sombras, is a 2006 Spanish-British thriller film directed and co-written by the Spanish director Koldo Serra.

Set in 1978 in the Basque Country, Northern Spain, The Backwoods tells the story of two married couples staying in an isolated house in the woods. Once belonging to his Basque grandmother, Englishman Paul (Gary Oldman) has purchased the house as a holiday retreat for himself and his Spanish wife Isabel (Aitana Sánchez-Gijón) . They are joined by fellow Englishman Norman (Paddy Considine) and his wife Lucy (Virginie Ledoyen), who are hoping the holiday will help save their marriage. While out hunting, Norman and Paul discover a deformed girl locked away in an abandoned building; deciding to rescue her, they take her back to their holiday home. The following day, a group of armed local men come to the house searching for the girl, whom they claim is their niece.

Critics noted similarities between The Backwoods and earlier thrillers such as Deliverance and Straw Dogs.

Plot
Set in the summer of 1978, Lucy and Norman, a young married couple whose relationship is going through a rough patch, join Norman's boss, Paul, and his Spanish wife, Isabel, on holiday in Basque Country. Located in an isolated area in the middle of the forest, Paul's ancestral home seems the ideal spot for a quiet stay and the chance for Lucy and Norman to sort out their emotional problems. However, their peace is shattered when Paul and Norman discover a cabin in the forest in which a girl with ectrodactyly is imprisoned. Their attempts to take the girl to the police are hindered by the difficulties of the heavily wooded terrain and the intervention of a group of villagers who are determined to keep the girl locked away for good.

Cast

Reviews
Based on nine reviews, the film garnered an aggregate rating of 63% on the Rotten Tomatoes website.

References

External links

2006 films
2006 thriller films
British thriller films
English-language Spanish films
Films set in 1978
Spanish thriller films
Films scored by Fernando Velázquez
Filmax films
Castelao Producciones films
2000s English-language films
2000s British films
2000s Spanish films

The Backwoods


Oliver (Einar) Johansen (15 August 1915 – 16 October 1996) was a Norwegian engineer and resistance member during World War II. He is known as a member of the illegal radio group Skylark B, and after this was discontinued he set up new radio posts in Tromsø and the rest of Northern Norway. He was highly decorated.

World War II
Johansen hailed from Tromsø. He studied at the Norwegian Institute of Technology when World War II reached Norway. Nazi Germany invaded and occupied the would-be neutral country in April 1940. Johansen participated briefly in the Norwegian Campaign as a telegrapher, and returned to Trondheim after the conventional Norwegian armed forces capitulated.

In September 1940 the Secret Intelligence Service established two stations for radio communication; the so-called Skylark A was led by Sverre Midtskau in Oslo while Skylark B was led by Erik Welle-Strand in Trondheim. A four-man team of leaders were shipped from the British Isles to Florø; they then split up and Erik Welle-Strand and associate Finn Juell went to Trondheim. Einar Johansen joined the group, other members were Bjørn Rørholt, Baard Gunnar Hjelde, Olav Skeie and Haakon Sørbye. The chemistry professor at the Institute of Technology, Leif Tronstad, helped out as well. Egil Reksten later took over as leader. Skylark B established regular contact with the intelligence in London in 1941, and helped spread messages about German troop and naval movements as well as vital information about German activity at Vemork heavy water plant.

In September 1941, however, Gestapo managed to track the Skylark B transmitting activity. Egil Reksten and ten were arrested and shipped to Nacht und Nebel camps. Johansen escaped to England via Sweden. However he wanted to continue the resistance, and returned to his hometown, Tromsø. He landed in the spring of 1942, following several failed attempts. Here he operated a radio station under the codename "Upsilon" and he was instrumental in dealing a blow to the  on 22 September 1943 (Operation Source). Information on Tirpitz had been collected by Johansen's brother, Torbjørn Johansen, and transmitted by Einar Johansen.

At the same time, a new operation was underway. The Norwegian submarine , commanded by Sigurd Valvatne, delivered ten radio transmitters with associated equipment on 5 September 1943. The ten radios were picked up south of Tromsø, and became a network codenamed "Venus". No more than six radios were operative at any time, but this outbalanced the German efforts to track down the transmitters. The Venus network played a role when the  was sunk in late 1943. Another station reported on the repair of Tirpitz, which re-entered action in 1944, only to face continuous attacks. It was ultimately sunk in November 1944.

Honours and awards
Johansen was decorated with the Norwegian War Cross with Sword and the Defence Medal, and the British Distinguished Service Order and Distinguished Service Cross. He was thus the highest decorated Secret Intelligence Service officer in Norway. Also, the area "Johansenbotnen" in Queen Maud Land was named after him.

Post-war life
After the war Johansen finally graduated from the Norwegian Institute of Technology. Despite health problems sustained during the war, including a carbon monoxide poisoning and tuberculosis, he worked as an engineer in Televerket in Arendal. He lived in Hisøy. A book about his war efforts, Den skjulte hånd, was written by Dag Christensen and released as late as 1990. He died in October 1996.

References

1915 births
1996 deaths
20th-century Norwegian engineers
Norwegian Institute of Technology alumni
Norwegian resistance members
People from Tromsø
Recipients of the War Cross with Sword (Norway)
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)

Einar Johansen


In rodents, incisor procumbency refers to the orientation of the upper incisor, defined by the position of the cutting edge of the incisor relative to the vertical plane of the incisors. Proodont (or procumbent) incisors have the cutting edge in front of the vertical plane, orthodont teeth have it perpendicular to the plane, opisthodont incisors have it behind the plane, and hyper-opisthodont teeth have the cutting edge even behind the back of the alveolus of the incisor.

Phyllotini are mostly opisthodont, but Auliscomys and Galenomys are orthodont and have sometimes even been described as proodont, and Eligmodontia, Loxodontomys, and some species of Calomys are hyper-opisthodont. Irenomys, Reithrodon, and Neotomys, formerly classified as phyllotines, are also hyper-opisthodont. Oryzomyini are also mostly opisthodont, but Amphinectomys savamis, Handleyomys fuscatus, Melanomys caliginosus, Mindomys hammondi, Scolomys melanops, and Sigmodontomys aphrastus are orthodont.

References

Literature cited
Steppan, S.J. 1995. Revision of the tribe Phyllotini (Rodentia: Sigmodontinae), with a phylogenetic hypothesis for the Sigmodontinae. Fieldiana Zoology 80:1–112.
Weksler, M. 2006. Phylogenetic relationships of oryzomyine rodents (Muroidea: Sigmodontinae): separate and combined analyses of morphological and molecular data. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 296:1–149.
Rodent anatomy

Incisor procumbency


The Montville Baptist Church, now known as the Sandisfield Arts Center, is an historic former Baptist church and Orthodox Jewish synagogue at 5 Hammertown Road in Sandisfield, Massachusetts.  The Greek Revival building was constructed in 1839 as a Baptist church. After 83 years as a Baptist church meeting house, the building was converted into use as an Orthodox synagogue for 75 years. In 1995 the Sandisfield Arts Center formed as a non-profit to preserve the building. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Description and history
The former Montville Baptist Church stands in a rural area of central Sandisfield, just east of the junction of Hammertown Road with Sandisfield Road (Massachusetts Route 57).  It is a single-story wood frame structure, set on a granite foundation and covered by a gabled roof.  Its exterior is finished in wooden clapboards.  The front facade has corner pilasters rising to an entablature and fully pedimented gable, with a two-stage square tower rising above the roof ridge.  The basement is fully exposed in the front, with the main entrance now consisting of four doors at the center of the basement level.  Above this, a pair of pilasters flank a sign labeled "Sandisfield Arts Center", and rise to an entablature and cornice just below the main entablature.  The interior provides a multifunction space in the basement level, with kitchen and dining area, while the upper area is a large open two-story space.  A cabinet previously used as a Torah ark is set against the rear wall.

The building was erected in 1839-42 by the local Baptist society, formed in 1829 through the merger of two older Baptist societies (founded 1779 and 1790).  The Baptist congregation declined, and the church was turned over to county Baptist organization in 1894.  It stood vacant and in declining condition until 1921, when it was acquired by a local Jewish congregation, established in the area after an influx of immigrants over the previous ten years. Under the auspices of the B'nai Abraham Orthodox Jewish congregation, the building was raised and the present foundation was installed.  Corner stairs were added, allowing for separate access to the gender-segregated parts of the sanctuary.  The synagogue closed in the 1940s due to declining participation.  It was briefly revived in the 1980s, but failed due to insufficient numbers to meet Jewish laws.  The building was formally turned over by the remnant congregation to the Sandisfield Arts Center in 1996.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Berkshire County, Massachusetts

References

External links
Official Website

Baptist churches in Massachusetts
Churches on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Churches in Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Former synagogues in Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Berkshire County, Massachusetts
Sandisfield, Massachusetts

Montville Baptist Church


Cardin in Australia is a 1968 Australian film about Pierre Cardin's visit to Australia at the invitation of the Australian Wool Board, who invited the French fashion designer to promote his designs and his use of wool in his collections, highlighting the value of wool as a fashion item. The film won the 1967 Australian Film Institute award for Best Documentary.  It also won the 1967 Australian Film Institute award for best editing in a non-feature film.

References

External links
Cardin in Australia at the National Library of Australia
Cardin in Australia at the Melbourne International Film Festival

Australian documentary films
Documentary films about fashion designers
1968 films
1968 documentary films
1960s English-language films

Cardin in Australia


Conrad Gerard Smith  (born 12 October 1981) is a New Zealand rugby union coach and former player, who played predominantly at centre. He captained the Hurricanes in Super Rugby, and played for New Zealand from 2004 until 2015. He was a key member of New Zealand's 2011 and 2015 Rugby World Cup winning teams. Following the 2015 World Cup he retired from international rugby and took up a contract with  in France, before retiring in 2018.

After retiring, he began a defence coaching role with Pau, and extended his contract as the club's High Performance Manager in 2020. He eventually returned to New Zealand in 2021, but still worked for Dublin-based International Rugby Players.

Early life
Smith played in various Taranaki age group teams. He attended St Joseph's Catholic School and Francis Douglas Memorial College, both in New Plymouth. Besides rugby he also excelled in cricket and was known as a fast bowler; his current nickname "Snakey" originated from his fielding which his coach described as akin to a snake slithering. After completing secondary school he moved to Wellington where he completed an LLB (Hons) at Victoria University of Wellington, residing at Weir House. Smith has been admitted as a Barrister and Solicitor of the High Court of New Zealand.

Domestic career
Smith spent most of his career with the Hurricanes in Super Rugby, and also for Wellington in the ITM Cup. He made his Wellington debut in 2003, and was signed by the Hurricanes in 2004. Smith's Hurricanes career was plagued by injury, and having been injured in 2006, 2007 and 2011, he made just 66 appearances in his first eight seasons with the side. He was Hurricanes captain until the end of the 2015 season, having led the side for the first time in 2007 in place of the injured Rodney So'oialo. In February 2015 he announced that the upcoming 2015 Super Rugby season would be his last as he would be joining Pau on a two-year contract.

Smith made his debut for Pau on 19 December 2015 in the European Rugby Challenge Cup Pool 2 match against Welsh side Newport Gwent Dragons.

International career
He made his All Blacks debut age 22, versus Italy in 2004, after a meteoric rise which saw him make his professional debut just a season earlier. In 2006, Smith won a place on the end of year tour to Europe, despite breaking his leg for the Hurricanes earlier that year. In 2007, Smith faced a number of setbacks, mostly involving injury. However, he eventually earned his way back into a starting position, and by 2008, was the first choice centre for the All Blacks.

Smith was a member of the 2011 Rugby World Cup winning squad playing in the final against France at Eden Park in Auckland on 23 October 2011.

Against Argentina on 28 September 2013, Smith and inside centre Ma'a Nonu achieved a record fifty international games together.

Smith took a six-month break from rugby during the 2013 end-of-year tour, meaning he did not travel with the All Blacks squad to Japan and Europe.

In 2015, Smith was named New Zealand's Rugby World Cup team for the second time. The All Blacks won this tournament and Smith played a crucial role throughout, starting in six out of six matches. He was one of six senior players – the others being Keven Mealamu, all-time points scorer Dan Carter, long-time midfield partner Ma'a Nonu, Tony Woodcock and captain Richie McCaw – to retire after the tournament.

Other work
Off the field, Smith is involved in the New Zealand Rugby Players Association (NZRPA) and sits on the board as a Player Representative. In 2015, he and McCaw were named as the New Zealand representatives in the 48-member Player Advisory Group by the International Rugby Players Association (IRPA).

Personal
Smith married Leanne Snowdon in October 2013. Smith missed a test match in Sydney for the birth of their first child, a boy, in August 2014.

Honours

Personal accolades

Member of the New Zealand Order of Merit for services to rugby (2016 New Year Honours)
Steinlager Investec Super Rugby Player of the Year
Wellington Sportsperson of the Year
The Dominion Post Personality of the Year
Record Midfield Partnerships (along with Ma'a Nonu)
Kel Tremain Memorial Player of the Year (Nomination)
Air New Zealand NPC Division One Player of the Year (Nomination)

Hurricanes

Hurricanes Captain
Super Rugby Centurion
Most Capped Hurricanes Player (along with Ma'a Nonu)
Conference Winner 2015

New Zealand
Tri Nations/The Rugby Championship Champion 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2013 and 2014
British and Irish Lions Series Victory, 2005[51]
Home Nations Grand Slam Tour, 2005,[52] 2008[53] and 2010[54]
Rugby World Cup Winner 2011, 2015

References

External links

1981 births
Living people
People educated at Francis Douglas Memorial College
New Zealand international rugby union players
New Zealand rugby union players
Rugby union centres
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
Rugby union players from Hāwera
Hurricanes (rugby union) players
Wellington rugby union players
New Zealand expatriate rugby union players
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in France
Expatriate rugby union players in France
Members of the New Zealand Order of Merit
2007 Rugby World Cup players
2011 Rugby World Cup players
2015 Rugby World Cup players

Conrad Smith


Nils Schillmark (26 June 1745 – 28 January 1804) was a Swedish painter who lived and worked in Finland.

Schillmark was born in Skellefteå as the youngest son in a farmer's family. He initially studied in Stockholm and then moved to Suomenlinna in the eastern part of Sweden, now Finland, in 1773. He painted portraits, still lifes, and landscapes, particularly river landscapes. Schillmark along with Isak Wacklin were early Finnish landscape painters. He also painted nature works similar to the Von Wright brothers, such as hunting and fishing scenes. In Helsinki he painted portraits of officers and non-socialists. In 1776 he traveled and worked in Loviisa and Heinola, eventually settling at the provincial governor's residence in Kymenkartano. In 1782 he painted portraits of the bishop of Porvoo and a merchant and his wife in Loviisa. Some of his works can be found at the Ateneum and the City Museum of Heinola.  He died in Loviisa.

References
 Ilmari Heikinheimo: Finland elämäkerrasto. Helsinki: Werner Söderström Corporation, 1955. Page 668

Finnish painters
18th-century Swedish painters
18th-century Swedish male artists
Swedish male painters
1745 births
1804 deaths
People from Skellefteå Municipality
Swedish emigrants to Finland

Nils Schillmark


Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester,  (born Lady Alice Christabel Montagu Douglas Scott; 25 December 1901 – 29 October 2004) was the wife of Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester, the third son of King George V and Queen Mary. She was the mother of Prince William of Gloucester and Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

She was the daughter of the 7th Duke of Buccleuch, Scotland's largest landowner.

She became by marriage a princess of the United Kingdom, and a sister-in-law to Edward VIII and George VI. She was an aunt by marriage to Elizabeth II.

At the time of her death at 102, she was the oldest living member of the British Royal Family.

Princess Alice died on 29 October 2004 in her sleep at Kensington Palace at age 102, 57 days before her 103rd birthday and several years after suffering a stroke.

References

1901 births
2004 deaths
British princesses
Royalty from London

Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester


Rupert of Deutz (; c. 1075/1080 – c. 1129) was an influential Benedictine theologian, exegete and writer on liturgical and musical topics.

Life

Rupert was most likely born in or around Liège in the years 1075-1080, and there, as was the custom, was brought by his family as an oblate to the  Benedictine abbey of Saint-Laurent in Liège, which already a generation earlier had become a notable centre of learning, including mathematics, hagiography, and poetry. There Rupert eventually made monastic profession and was educated under the capable Abbot, Berengar.

In 1092, in the context of the conflict between the papacy and the Empire, known as the Investiture Controversy, which in Germany encompassed nearly 50 years of civil war (1076-1122), Rupert joined other monks in following their abbot, Berengar, into exile in northern France, from where he returned in 1095. According to differing sources, around 1106 or 1109 he was ordained a priest by the Bishop of Liège, Otbert, a powerful figure, and a close supporter of Emperor Henry IV.

While the minor works of Rupert's youth seem to have largely perished, it was from shortly after his priestly ordination, about the year 1110, that he began producing an immense volume of surviving writings, which were widely known to his contemporaries, and though in some quarters they were not without influence, they also won him strong opposition.

It was apparently because of this theological opposition that around 1116 Rupert underwent another exile (1116-1117), to the Abbey of Michaelsberg, Siegburg, where the Abbot was Cuno. In 1119, partly for the same reasons, there came a third exile, first to Siegburg and then to Cologne, and lastly in 1120 Frederick I, Archbishop of Cologne, appointed him abbot of the monastery of St Heribert in Deutz, founded in 1003 but later named for Saint Heribert, Archbishop of Cologne, who had died in 1021 and been buried in the abbey church. Deutz is now a suburb of Cologne.

Theologian and Musician

At Deutz, Rupert emerged as a prominent theologian, and from surviving manuscripts, it would seem that he was a prolific writer, his works taking up four volumes in Patrologia Latina (vols. 167–170). These works demonstrate among other things his familiarity with the disciplines of the trivium and quadrivium of medieval education in the liberal arts and his acquaintance with the Scriptures.

The main works include:

De voluntate Dei
De omnipotentia Dei
Commentaria in Canticum canticorum
De divinis Officiis
De Victoria Verbi Dei
De Gloria et Honore Filii Hominis super Mattheum
De Trinitate et operibus eius, written around 1112–1116.
De glorificatione Trinitatis et processione Spiritus sancti, written in 1128.

Of these works, the most widely known was his De divinis officiis, which dealt with the liturgy and includes observations on plainchant. Other of his theological writings lead to his entering into controversy with Anselm of Laon and Anselm's disciple William of Champeaux, later to be the master of Peter Abelard. Other works, such as Rupert's De Trinitate, also incidentally offer treatments on music, and it is possible that at Liège he studied music under a monk called Heribrand. Rupert himself makes mention of a hymn he wrote to the Holy Spirit. Moreover, it is thought that in his youth he wrote others in honour of St Heribert, as also of St Mary Magdalene, St Goar and St Severinus.

His writings were later scrutinized in relation with the doctrine of impanation, a Eucharistic heresy from the point of view of the Catholic Church because, contrary to the dogma of transubstantiation wherein the substance (but not the appearances and physical characteristics) of the bread and wine is seen as being wholly converted into the substance of Christ's Body and Blood, united to his divine Person, impanation maintains that Christ directly unites the substance of the bread and wine to his divine person (or sometimes to his human nature), just as he united his own body and blood to his divine Person. They influenced the theology in particular of Honorius Augustodunensis and Gerhoch of Reichersberg.

Abbot Rupert died in Deutz on March 4, 1129.

Notes

References

Bernard McGinn, The Growth of Mysticism, London, 1994, pp. 328-333
John H. van Engen, Rupert of Deutz, Los Angeles,1983.
 Meinolf Schumacher, "Rupert von Deutz erzählt eine Fabel. Über Inkonsequenzen in der mittelalterlichen Kritik weltlicher Dichtung", in Poetica 31 (1999), p. 81-99 (PDF)

Further reading
 Walter Berschin, Os meum aperui. Die Autobiographie Ruperts von Deutz, Köln, 1985.
 Heinz Finger (et alii), Rupert von Deutz. Ein Denker zwischen den Zeiten?, Köln, Erzbischöfliche Diözesan- und Dombibliothek, 2009 .
 Albert Gerhards & Benedikt Kranemann, 'Mittelalterliche Liturgieerklärung', in Albert Gerhards & Benedikt Kranemann, Einführung in die Liturgiewissenschaft, Darmstadt, 2006, pp. 28-29.
 Anton Leichtfried, Trinitätstheologie als Geschichtstheologie. 'De sancta Trinitate et operibus eius' Ruperts von Deutz, Würzburg, 2002, pp. 10–75.
Alessio Magoga, Ruperto di Deutz, Mite e umile di cuore. I libri XII e XIII del 'De gloria et honore Filii hominis. Super Matthaeum', introduzione, traduzione e note, Glossa, Milano, 2004.
 Alessio Magoga, 'Linee di cristologia in Ruperto di Deutz', in La Scuola Cattolica 134 (2006) 73-104.
Alessio Magoga, 'La teologia di Ruperto di Deutz', in I. Biffi & C. Marabelli (edd.), Il mondo delle scuole monastiche. XII secolo, Jaca Book, Milano & Città Nuova, Roma, 2010, pp. 79-135.
 Hubert Silvestre, Rupert von Deutz, Köln, 1988 (=  Rheinische Lebensbilder 11), pp. 7–35.

Editions of the Latin Text of the Works
 De victoria verbi Dei, Anton Sorg, Augsburg, 1487.
 R.D.D. Ruperti Abbatis Monasterij S. Heriberti Tuitiensis Ordinis D. Benedicti, Viri longe doctissimi, summiq[ue] inter veteres theologi, Opera, Quotquot hactenus haberi potuerunt, auctiora quam antea. Cum Duobus Indicibus: priore rerum et verborum posteriore locorum S. Scripturae,' Mylius, Moguntiae 1631. Digital reproduction.
 Jacques Paul Migne (ed.), Patrologia Latina, tomes 167-170.
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: Liber de divinis officiis, Turnholti, 1967 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 7).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: Commentaria in Evangelium sancti Iohannis, Turnholti, 1969 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 9).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.),  Rupert Rupert von Deutz, 'De Victoria Verbi Dei' ,  Weimar, 1970 (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Quellen zur Geistesgeschichte des Mittelalters 5).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: De sancta Trinitate et operibus eius I, Turnholti, 1971 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 21).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: De sancta Trinitate et operibus eius II, Turnholti, 1972 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 22).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: De sancta Trinitate et operibus eius III, Turnholti, 1972 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 23).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (et alii, edd.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: De sancta Trinitate et operibus eius; De operibus Spiritus sancti, Turnholti, 1972 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 24).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: Commentaria in Canticum canticorum, Turnholti, 1974 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 26).
 Maria Lodovica Arduini (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: Opera apologetica, Turnholti, 2013 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 28).
 Rhabanus Maurus Haacke (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: De gloria et honore Filii hominis. Super Mattheum, Turnholti, 1979 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis 29).
 Alessio Magoga (ed.), Rupertus Tuitiensis: Anulus seu dialogus de sacramentis fidei, Turnhout, 2020 (= Corpus Christianorum, Continuatio Medievalis'' 299).

External links

The Fourth Gospel In The Twelfth Century: Rupert Of Deutz On The Gospel Of John , by Abigail Ann Young
Rupertus Tuitensis on Documenta Catholica Omnia.
 Rupert de Deutz, musicologie

1129 deaths
12th-century Roman Catholic theologians
Belgian Benedictines
Year of birth uncertain
Writers from Liège
12th-century writers in Latin

Rupert of Deutz


Moritz Alphons Stübel (26 July 1835 – 10 November 1904) was a German geologist and naturalist.

Biography

He studied chemistry and mineralogy at the University of Leipzig. With geologist Wilhelm Reiss (1838–1908), he conducted geological and volcanological research in the Andes—Colombia and Ecuador—from 1868 to 1874. Afterwards the two geologists continued their research in Peru and Brazil, with Reiss returning to Germany in 1876 and Stübel continuing his travels throughout the continent: Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Bolivia – returning to Germany in August 1877.

In South America, he also made astronomical measurements and performed meteorological, ethnographical, zoological, and archaeological research. Scientific material collected in South America was later preserved at the Museum of Comparative Cultures in Leipzig. In addition, Stübel took numerous photographs and created sketches of the places he visited. Many of the butterflies collected by Stübel were new species. They were described by German entomologists Gustav Weymer and Peter Maassen.

Stübel also made a lesser known contribution to the study of the Middle East. In the years 1858, 1882, and 1890, he traveled mainly in Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Egypt. He collected about 600 large-size photographs on these journeys and at other occasions. This collection came via his nephew, Bruno Stübel, to the University of Jena. They form the core of the "Alphons-Stübel Collection of Early Photographs of the Middle East 1850–1890".

References

External links

1835 births
1904 deaths
German entomologists
19th-century German geologists
German mineralogists
German naturalists
German volcanologists
Leipzig University alumni
Scientists from Leipzig

Alphons Stübel


Lorenzo Sabine (February 28, 1803 – April 14, 1877) was a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts now more remembered for his research and publishing concerning the Loyalists of the American Revolution than as a public servant.

Background and early life

Born in New Concord (now Lisbon), New Hampshire, Sabine moved to Boston, Massachusetts, with his parents in 1811 and to Hampden, Maine, in 1814.
He completed preparatory studies.
At the age of eighteen, he moved to Eastport, Maine, and became employed as a clerk and afterwards engaged in mercantile pursuits.
He was editor of the Eastport Sentinel.
Founder of the Eastport Lyceum.
Incorporator of Eastport Academy and Eastport Athenaeum.
He served as member of the Maine House of Representatives in 1833 and 1834.
Deputy collector of customs at Eastport 1841–1843.
He moved to Framingham, Massachusetts, in 1848, having been appointed a trial justice.

Sabine was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-second Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Benjamin Thompson and served from December 13, 1852, to March 3, 1853.
He was not a candidate for the Thirty-third Congress.
He moved to Roxbury, Massachusetts, having been appointed secretary of the Boston Board of Trade.
He also served as special agent of the United States Treasury Department.

Loyalist studies
From early childhood, Sabine, in his own words, was "revolution-mad."  But, not until 1821, when he moved to Maine and was close enough to pursue his passion, did he realize the great resource available and the profound, for the times, insight that  "there was more than one side to the Revolution."  Prior to this  "every 'Tory' was as bad as bad could be, every 'son of Liberty' as good as possible."  During the 1840s, Sabine published the results of his research in the North American Review (the United States' first literary magazine).  The article was not well received by "patriotic" Americans.  One of the few to applaud his research and publishing was Harvard-based historian Jared Sparks.  When the fruits of his labor appeared in 1847 in revised and expanded form as The American Loyalists, or Biographical Sketches of Adherents to the British Crown in The War of the Revolution; Alphabetically Arranged; with a Preliminary Historical Essay a firestorm of controversy erupted.

He died in Roxbury, Massachusetts, April 14, 1877.  He was interred in Hillside Cemetery, Eastport, Maine.

Works by Lorenzo Sabine (in Chronological Order)
 Review of ″1. Speech delivered in the Senate of the United States, Jan. 24, 1839 on the Bill to Abolish  the Duty on Salt.  By John Davis. National Intelligencer of March 25, 1839. and 2. Reports of the Majority and Minority of the Select Committee on the Origin and Character of Fishing Bounties and Allowances.  Read in the Senate of the United States, April 10, 1840.  Washington: Blair & Rives, Printers.  1840.  pp. 80.″  The North American Review, Vol. 57, Issue No. 120 (July 1843), pp. 58–86.  The running title of this work is ″The Fisheries: Cod, Mackerel and Herring.″
 Review of ″Report by Mr. J. P. Kennedy, from the Committee on Commerce.  Read and laid upon the Table in the House of Representatives, May 28, 1842.  Twenty-seventh Congress, Second Session.  8vo.  pp. 63.″  The North American Review, Vol. 57, Issue No. 121 (October 1843), pp. 293–332.  The running title of this work is ″Our Commercial History and Policy.″
Review of ″A History of the Operations of a Partisan Corps, called the Queen's Rangers, commanded by Lieut. Col. J. G. SIMCOE, during the War of the American Revolution; illustrated by ten engraved Plans of Actions.  Now first published, with a Memoir of the Author, and other  Additions.  New York: Bartlett and Welford.  1844.  8vo.  pp. 328.″  The North American Review, Vol. 58, Issue No. 123 (April 1844), pp. 261–302.  This was the lead article in this issue and the running title of this work is ″Simcoe's Military Journal: The American Loyalists.″
Review of ″Report of the Land Agent of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, laid before the Legislature, January 10, 1844.  By George W. Coffin.  8vo.  pp. 12.″  The North American Review, Vol. 58, Issue No. 125 (October 1844), pp. 261–335.  The running title of this work is ″The Forest Lands and the Timber Trade of Maine.″
 The American Loyalists, or Biographical Sketches of Adherents to the British Crown in The War of the Revolution; Alphabetically Arranged; with a Preliminary Historical Essay.  Boston, MA: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1847.  vi, 733 pp.
 Life of Edward Preble: Commodore in the Navy of the United States.  [Boston, MA: Charles C. Little and James Brown, 1847].  Series 2,Volume 12 of the Library of American Biography edited by Jared Sparks.
 Extract from and Concluding Part of the Speech of Lorenzo Sabine, at Gloucester, on Wednesday Evening, Nov. 9, 1853, on the New Constitution.  [Gloucester (Mass.)? : n.p., 1853?]
 Notes on Duels and Dueling, Alphabetically Arranged, with a Preliminary Historical Essay.  Second edition.  Boston, MA: Crosby, Nicholas, and Company, 1855.
 An Address Before the New England Historic-Genealogical Society, in the Hall of the House of Representatives of Massachusetts, TUESDAY, SEPT. 13TH, 1859.  The Hundredth Anniversary of the Death of Major General James Wolfe, with Passages Omitted in the Delivery, and Illustrative Notes and Documents.  Boston, MA: A. Williams & Co. for the Society, 1859.  100 pp.
 Notes on Duels and Dueling, Alphabetically Arranged, with a Preliminary Historical Essay.  Third edition.  Boston, MA: Crosby, Nicholas, and Company, 1859.  vi, 425 pp.
 Biographical Sketches of Loyalists of the American Revolution, with an Historical Essay.  2 volumes.  Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company, 1864.  Google Books Volume 1——vi, 608 pp. Google Books Volume 2——600 pp.
 Cod and Whale Fisheries.  Report of Hon. Thomas Jefferson, Secretary of State, on the Subject of Sod and Whale Fisheries, Made to the House of Representatives, February 1, 1791. Also, Report of Lorenzo Sabine, Esq., on the Principal Fisheries of the American Seas, being part of House Executive Document No. 23, of the Second Session, Thirty-second Congress.  [Washington, DC, 1872].  42d Cong., 2d Sess. House. Misc. Doc. 32.

References

Sources
 Eileen Ka-May Cheng.  ″American Historical Writers and the Loyalists, 1788-1856: Dissent, Consensus, and American Nationality.″ Journal of the Early Republic, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Winter 2003), pp. 491–519.
 William L. Welch. ″Lorenzo Sabine and His Critics.″  The New England Quarterly , Vol. 78, No. 3 (September 2005), pp. 448–452.

External links
 The American Loyalists: Or, Biographical Sketches of Adherents to the ... (1847) by Lorenzo Sabine.  Complete text of the first of two editions (the second appeared in 1864 in two volumes) of Sabine's magnum opus in pdf format.

 Guide to the Lorenzo Sabine Papers, New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord, New Hampshire (10 pdfs)
 Lorenzo Sabine Biographical Sketch from the History of Lisbon, (Grafton County) New Hampshire website.  This article contains information both supplementary to and contradictory of that found in Sabine's Congressional biography
 Lorenzo Sabine Manuscript Collections from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website

References

1803 births
1877 deaths
Burials in Maine
Historians of the American Revolution
Members of the Maine House of Representatives
Maine Whigs
People from Eastport, Maine
Whig Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
19th-century American politicians
People from Lisbon, New Hampshire

Lorenzo Sabine


Najib Tareque, (; born September 5, 1970) is a Bengali artist, printmaker and writer based on Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is considered one of the pioneers of New Media movement in the twenty-first-century artists of Bangladesh. He was the founding member of Jolrong, one of the first online art galleries in South Asia. He participates more than twenty solo and group exhibitions in the country and abroad.

In July 2015, he has started an online-based conceptual virtual art project named Art Makes Us Human through Instagram.

Biography
Tareque was born on 5 September 1970 in Borogur Gola, Dinajpur, Bangladesh. His father was Tamizuddin and mother was Nujratun Nisa. He is the fifth among seven siblings. He passed his early childhood in Thakurgaon and in Dinajpur district. He studied at Rajshahi Collegiate School and Dinajpur Government College. And graduated from the Faculty of Fine Arts of the University of Dhaka.

References

Other websites

Living people
1970 births
Printmakers
Writers from Dhaka

Najib Tareque


Caroline Medon, real name Caroline Wilhelmine Richter, (3 January 1802 – 6 June 1882) was a German opera singer and stage actress who became known as a lover of Arthur Schopenhauer.

Life
Caroline Richter came to Berlin around 1819 as a chorister at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden. It was there that she met Arthur Schopenhauer, probably in 1820 or spring 1821, when he lectured in Berlin. The abrupt and fading relationship between the two lasted about ten years. The "eternal bachelor" Schopenhauer, however, mistrusted her possible motives, which together with worries about her health and jealousy of other lovers of the singer was the reason why an engagement or marriage never came about.

Around 1820, Caroline Richter took the name of the secret secretary Louis Medon who was the presumed father of her first child, Johann Wilhelm Adolf Medon, but he died early. She later stated to be Medon's widow. Her second son, the later royal dancer  (1823–1905) was strongly rejected by Schopenhauer, since he had been born on 27 March 1823,  ten months after Schopenhauer's departure for Italy, from which he returned to Berlin only in 1825. A third pregnancy in 1826, for which she even ended her engagement at the Berlin Opera, led to a miscarriage. When Schopenhauer fled from cholera in 1831, Medon refused to leave behind his almost nine-year-old son Carl; This led to the final break in the relationship, despite her letters in the following years to him, in which she said she was healthy. She finally entered the stage, now as a singer at the Königsstädtisches Theater.

In 1858, she again made a written contact with Schopenhauer, who therefore considered her in his will in February 1859. He left her the sum of 5000 Prussian thalers, a considerable portion of his fortune, on the condition that his legacy should not fall explicitly to Carl or other heirs of Medon.

She is also the author of a hand-knitted "rose carpet", which Schopenhauer's estate administrator long regarded as a gift from Schopenhauer's sister.

Caroline Medon was buried at Evangelischen Sophien-Friedhof II in Berlin on 8 June 1892.

Bibliography
 Robert Gruber: Schopenhauers Geliebte in Berlin (Caroline Richter-Medon (c. 1830)) in Berlin. Urkundliches.. Vienna, 1934.

References

External links
 Mention of Caroline Medon in "Die Schopenhauer-Marquet-Prozesse und das preussische Recht"
 Picture of Caroline Medon at the end of her life

German opera singers
German stage actresses
Arthur Schopenhauer
1802 births
1882 deaths

Caroline Medon


Recount is a 2008 political drama television film about Florida's vote recount during the 2000 United States presidential election. Written by Danny Strong and directed by Jay Roach, the television film stars Kevin Spacey, Bob Balaban, Ed Begley Jr., Laura Dern, John Hurt, Denis Leary, Bruce McGill, and Tom Wilkinson. It premiered on HBO on May 25, 2008. The television film was nominated for eleven Primetime Emmy Awards, winning three for Outstanding Made for Television Movie, Outstanding Directing for a Miniseries, Movie or Dramatic Special (for Roach), and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Miniseries or a Movie (for Baumgarten). It was also nominated for five Golden Globe Awards and winning Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film (for Dern).

Plot
Recount chronicles the 2000 U.S. presidential election Bush v. Gore case between Governor of Texas George W. Bush and U.S. Vice President Al Gore. It begins with the election on November 7 and ends with the Supreme Court ruling, which stopped the Florida election recount on December 12.

Key points depicted include: Gore's retraction of his personal telephone concession to Bush in the early hours of November 8; the decision by the Gore campaign to sue for hand recounts in Democratic strongholds where voting irregularities were alleged, especially in light of the statistical dead heat revealed by the reported machine recount; Republican pressure on Florida's Secretary of State Katherine Harris in light of her legally mandated responsibilities; the attention focused on the hand recounts by media, parties, and the public; the two major announcements by Florida Supreme Court spokesman Craig Waters extending the deadline for returns in the initial recount (November 21, 2000) and ordering a statewide recount of votes (December 8, 2000), and later overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court; and finally the adversarial postures of the Supreme Courts of Florida and the United States, as well as the dissenting opinions among the higher court's justices.

Cast

 Kevin Spacey as Ron Klain
 John Hurt as Warren Christopher
 Laura Dern as Katherine Harris
 Tom Wilkinson as James Baker
 Denis Leary as Michael Whouley
 Ed Begley, Jr. as David Boies
 Bob Balaban as Ben Ginsberg
 Bruce McGill as Mac Stipanovich
 Paul Jeans as Ted Olson
 Bruce Altman as Mitchell Berger
 Alex Staggs as Craig Waters
 Doug Williford as Mark Fabiani
 Gary Basaraba as Clay Roberts
 Stefen Laurantz as Joe Allbaugh
 Mitch Pileggi as Bill Daley
 Jayne Atkinson as Theresa LePore
 Marcia Jean Kurtz as Carol Roberts
 Mary Bonner Baker as Kerey Carpenter
 Bob Kranz as Bob Butterworth
 Raymond Forchion as Jeff Robinson
 Steve DuMouchel as John Hardin Young
 Marc Macaulay as Robert Zoellick
 Antoni Corone as Tom Feeney
 Matt Miller as Jeb Bush
 Terry Loughlin as William Rehnquist
 Judy Clayton as Sandra Day O'Connor
 William Schallert as John Paul Stevens
 Bruce Gray as Anthony Kennedy
 Michael Bryan French as David Souter
 Howard Elfman as Stephen Breyer
 Jack Shearer as Antonin Scalia
 Benjamin Clayton as Clarence Thomas
 Bradford DeVine as Charles T. Wells
 Candice Critchfield as Judge Myriam Lehr
 Annie Cerillo as Barbara Pariente
 Brewier Welch as Harry Lee Anstead
 Derek Cecil as Jeremy Bash
 Robert Small as George J. Terwilliger III
 Patricia Getty as Margaret D. Tutwiler
 Christopher Schmidt as John E. Sweeney
 Olgia Campbell as Donna Brazile
 James Carrey as Chris Lehane
 Brent Mendenhall as George W. Bush
 Grady Couch as Al Gore
 David Lodge as Joe Lieberman
 Carole Wood as Tipper Gore
 Mark Lamoureux as Reporter
 Tom Hillmann as Brad Blakeman
 Adam LeFevre as Mark Herron

Production

Director
In April 2007, it was announced that Sydney Pollack would direct the film. By August, weeks away from the start of principal photography, Pollack withdrew from the project due to a then-undisclosed illness, and was replaced by Jay Roach. Pollack died of cancer on May 26, 2008, one day after Recount premiered on HBO.

Casting
On September 24, 2007, it was announced that Kevin Spacey would star as Ron Klain.

Filming
Recount was shot in Jacksonville and Tallahassee, Florida.

Reception

Reviews
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 78%, based on 18 reviews, and an average rating of 6.4/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Recount deftly brings a controversial chapter of electoral history to dramatic life with a compelling cast, although some viewers may take issue with its conclusions." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 66 out of 100, based on 25 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Mark Moorman of Het Parool, gave the film a rating of four stars on a scale of five, calling Recount an "amazing and funny reconstruction".

Response to fictionalization
Some critics have made charges of bias against the film. Entertainment Weekly wrote, "Recount may not be downright blue, but it's not as purply as it wants to appear. Despite its equal time approach, Recount is an underdog story, and thus a Democrat story."  Film critic Roger Ebert disputed claims of bias in his review of the film, stating, "You might assume the movie is pro-Gore and anti-Bush, but you would not be quite right."

In an interview with CNN's Reliable Sources, director Jay Roach responded that the film, "wasn't 100 percent accurate, but it was very true to what went on. ... That's what dramatizations do: stitch together the big ideas with, sometimes, constructs that have to stand for a larger truth." Roach cited All the President's Men as an example. Jake Tapper, an ABC newscaster who was a consultant for the film also stated in response that the film is "a fictional version of what happened" and "tilts to the left because it's generally told from the point of view of the Democrats." The Washington Post further stated that Tapper noted that "while some scenes and language are manufactured, 'a lot of dialogue is not invented, a lot of dialogue is taken from my book, other books and real life.' "

Florida Supreme Court spokesman Craig Waters agreed that the script departed from the actual statements he made on live television from the courthouse steps in the fall of 2000. "But the words spoken by the actor who played me [Alex Staggs]," Waters said, "are accurate paraphrasis of the things I actually said or of the documents released by the court at the time."

Warren Christopher, who was sent by Gore to supervise the recount, has objected to his portrayal in the film. According to the San Jose Mercury News, Christopher:  Baker agreed that the film exaggerated his rival's stance: "He's not that much of a wuss," said Matea Gold of the San Jose Mercury News.

Democratic strategist Michael Whouley has objected to the amount of swearing he does in the film, and was also uncomfortable with a scene involving a broken chair.

In contrast, Bush legal advisers James Baker and Benjamin Ginsberg have largely given the film good reviews; Baker even hosted his own screening of it, though he does refer to the film as a "Hollywood rendition" of what happened.

Awards and nominations

Gallery

References

External links

2008 television films
2008 films
2008 drama films
2000 United States presidential election in Florida
2000s English-language films
2000s political drama films
American films based on actual events
American political drama films
Drama films based on actual events
American drama television films
Films about the 2000 United States presidential election
Films directed by Jay Roach
Films scored by Dave Grusin
Films shot in Jacksonville, Florida
Films with screenplays by Danny Strong
HBO Films films
Political films based on actual events
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Made for Television Movie winners
Television films based on actual events
2000s American films

Recount (film)


Secret Sunday (or Number 9) (; translit. 9 wat; ), a 2010 Thai horror film, is a directorial debut from screenwriter Saranyu Jiralaksanakul and stars Siraphun Wattanajinda and James Alexander.

Plot
The film begins with three men in an art gallery, where one of the men is explaining his performance art exhibition to the other two. The three men are attacked by a monstrous figure.

A woman walks with a monk in a forest and talks to him about her concern for her son after a disturbing dream.

A young woman named Poon is swimming laps at a pool when a mysterious figure appears to her. After showering, Poon again sees mysterious figures, who turn out to be her friends and her boyfriend Nat playing a trick on her. They convince her to go to a club with them even though she doesn't want to.

After they leave the club, Poon convinces Nat to visit his mother. Nat doesn't want to, but they go visit anyway. His mother is the woman who was speaking to the monk about her son, and it is obvious that she does not approve of Poon. Nat's mother asks him to visit the temples, to which he begrudgingly agrees.

After Nat and Poon pay their respects at the first temple, Nat meets a novice monk in the forest. He soon realizes that the monk is Sujitto, an old friend of his. Sujitto joins Nat and Poon on their journey. The three continue on their road trip to another temple, where Nat and Sujitto experience very disturbing visions. They continue on their journey; on the way to the fifth temple the car's windshield is broken by three troublemakers on motorbikes. Nat chases them but they get away. Nat and Poon drop the monk off at a temple, then take the car back to the mechanic in town for repairs.

At a small bar, Nat and Poon have a disagreement. She goes outside to smoke a cigarette, where a ghostly figure is watching her from the balcony above her. Poon returns to the bar and continues the argument with Nat. There's a blackout, and Poon falls. Nat carries her upstairs to the bedroom. Nat and Poon start to get intimate, while the figure of a ghostly child watches them.

The next morning they go to a cafe, but Poon vomits on the street. Nat asks if she's pregnant, but she dodges the question. They go to pick up Sujitto, who has agreed to attend a funeral for a family. Nat and Poon transport Sujitto and two other monks to the funeral, which takes them into the night. Nat thinks he sees the young man who damaged his windshield and pursues him into an old fishery, where he falls into the water and is overrun by eels. He disappears into the water. Poon finds Nat in the temple at the funeral, bleeding from the head. Nat realizes that the funeral was for the boy he was chasing.

They leave the temple with Poon driving. Poon hits a calf in the road, and sees the mother standing on the side of the road watching. Poon gets very upset, and they attempt to take the calf to get help. The man they've found to help slaughters the calf instead, saying it was too late and that he wanted to keep the animal from suffering.

They continue on to the next temple, where Poon is trying to make spiritual amends for killing the cow. She is attacked by a deformed, decomposed child-sized demon-like figure, who shows her disturbing images of a young boy with burns on half his face being abused by his mother. She wakes up and asks Sujitto what is happening; he tells her that Karma is mysterious and beyond reason. She and Nat get into a physical confrontation and Poon slaps Nat, who leaves her and Sujitto behind.

Nat decides to track down Poon and Sujitto, and they continue on to the next temple when they hit something else in the road. Poon wanders off and is attacked again. This time it is revealed that she is reliving the abuse and death of the young, burned boy she saw in her vision back at the previous temple. Poon believes that she is seeing images of her past life.She reveals to Nat that she's pregnant and was considering an abortion, which she thinks is the same thing that her "mother' did to her in her previous life.

The trio make it to the final temple, where Nat and Poon say goodbye to Sujitto, but Poon realizes that she is in the location of her vision, the place where the boy killed his father by knocking him off a roof, and his mother dragged him by a chain into the woods. She and Nat find the shack where the boy was left to die after his mother's suicide. Nat's mother arrives, and reveals that Nat is not her only son. Sujitto is also there, and he is revealed to be Nat's twin. Nat's mother left him at a monastery when he was an infant in order to try to cheat Karma. Sujitto realizes that he can not escape Karma, and Poon realizes that he's standing on a well. The well collapses, and Sujitto falls into the well, an expression of perfect peace on his face. Nat, Poon, and Nat's mother leave the temple. Nat gives his mother a present he'd been holding for a long time, and they continue the drive home.

Cast
 Siraphun Wattanajinda as Poon
 James Alexander as Nat
Penpak Sirikul as Nittaya
 James Max Nike
 Siri Penpakcook
 Paradorn Kowit Sira

Release
The film premiered on February 28, 2010 and was released in the Thai Cinemas on April 13, 2010. In the United States it is distributed by American Film Market and was released as 9: Secret Sunday.

References

External links
 Official Site

2010 films
Thai-language films
Thai horror films
2010 horror films
Films set in the 2010s
Thai ghost films
2010 directorial debut films

Secret Sunday


James Irvine (August 4, 1735 – April 28, 1819) was a Pennsylvania soldier and politician of the Colonial, Revolutionary, and Post-Revolutionary periods. He was an officer of the Continental Army, a member of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, and Vice-President of Pennsylvania (a position comparable to Lieutenant Governor).

Early life
James Irvine was born in Philadelphia, Province of Pennsylvania, the son of George Irvine and Mary Rush. George Irvine had immigrated to the Colonies from Ireland.

Military career
As a young man Irvine worked as a hatter, but in 1760 he enrolled in Samuel Atlee's provincial Pennsylvania unit and served in the French and Indian War. He spent most of his time along Pennsylvania's northern frontier. In 1763 he was promoted to captain. The following year, during Pontiac's Rebellion, he served with Henry Bouquet's expedition into the Ohio Country.

In the fall of 1775 Irvine was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the 1st Pennsylvania Battalion of the Continental Army. He served in Virginia and Canada, and was promoted to colonel in Pennsylvania's 9th Regiment in late 1776; he was then given command of the 2nd Regiment. Irvine resigned, believing that he should have been promoted to general. However, a few months later he was commissioned a brigadier general in the Pennsylvania militia.

After returning to the battlefield Irvine was captured by the British in a skirmish at Chestnut Hill, near Philadelphia, on December 5, 1777. He suffered neck injuries and lost three of the fingers on his left hand in the fight. He was held prisoner by the British for nearly four years, first in New York and then in Flushing. He was released June 1, 1781. He was active in planning the defense of Philadelphia against suspected British attack.

After the war, he held the rank of major general in the Pennsylvania militia from 1782 to 1793.

Political career
Irvine served on the Supreme Executive Council of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, from 1782 to 1785, representing the City of Philadelphia. His party affiliation was Constitutionalist. On November 6, 1784 he defeated John Neville in the election for the Vice-Presidency of Pennsylvania, a position analogous to the modern office of Lieutenant Governor. He resigned the office on October 10, 1785 and was succeeded by Charles Biddle. No reason for his resignation appears in the Minutes of the Executive Council. Irvine served in the Pennsylvania General Assembly during the 1785–1786 term. In 1786 the Constitutionalist party lost much of its support and Irvine's political career suffered. He did, however, serve in the State Senate from 1795 to 1799.

As Vice-President Irvine served as an ex officio member of the Board of Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, and continued as an elected Trustee after leaving office, serving until 1791. He was also an original Trustee of Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and was considered to be a firm supporter of education.

Death
James Irvine died in Philadelphia on April 28, 1819, following a long illness.

References
 University of Pennsylvania biography of James Irvine, accessed April 21, 2007.

External links

American Revolutionary War prisoners of war held by Great Britain
Lieutenant Governors of Pennsylvania
University of Pennsylvania people
Pennsylvania state senators
Politicians from Philadelphia
Pennsylvania militiamen in the American Revolution
Continental Army officers from Pennsylvania
Militia generals in the American Revolution
Dickinson College
People of Pennsylvania of Pontiac's War
People of Pennsylvania in the French and Indian War
American people of Irish descent
American milliners
1735 births
1819 deaths
People of colonial Pennsylvania
Burials at Christ Church, Philadelphia

James Irvine (Pennsylvania politician)


Chantelle Houghton (born 21 August 1983) is an English reality TV contestant and model.

She is best known for appearing on Celebrity Big Brother in 2006. Houghton was not actually a celebrity and had to convince all of the other celebrities in the house that she was a famous singer. She successfully did this and remained in the house. Houghton made it to the final and won.

Houghton has also appeared on several other reality shows after becoming famous from being on Celebrity Big Brother.

Some of the shows include:

 Celebrity Weakest Link
 Big Brother's Bit on the Side
 Celebrity Come Dine with Me

Houghton was briefly married to Preston. She was also in a relationship with Alex Reid from 2011 to 2012. They have a child.

1983 births
Living people
English television personalities

Chantelle Houghton


Colchester is a community and unincorporated place in Southwestern Ontario, the southernmost settlement on mainland Canada, and the southernmost point with the exception of Point Pelee National Park. It is located on the north shore of Lake Erie, approximately  south of the town of Harrow. Colchester was formerly part of the Township of Colchester South and is now a part of the amalgamated Town of Essex within the County of Essex. Colchester shares its postal code with Harrow as N0R 1G0.

Europeans began to settle in Colchester in the 18th century. Many United Empire Loyalists leaving the United States around the time of the American Revolutionary War were given land grants in Colchester. Some of names of these pioneers can still be found today in the names of residents throughout the region including: Snider, Huffman, Ferris, Hutchins, Iler, McCormick, Quick, and Tofflemire. One such Loyalist was John Snider of Pennsylvania. In 1798 Snider was given Lot 82 along the lakefront and built a home for his family just west of the village. As the oldest known structure along Lake Erie's shoreline, the house was completed in 1813 and a letter from the time indicates that men were working on the home's roof as cannons roared during the Battle of Lake Erie.

The area was also a destination for slaves escaping the U.S. via the Underground Railroad in the mid-19th century, and for freed slaves during and after the American Civil War. In the 1870s a church was built along Dunn Road by many pioneering blacks, and it was named Zion African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church. The church's cemetery still stands today on the western edge of the Road. Colchester was also the birthplace and hometown of railroad engineer and inventor Elijah McCoy, whose work was granted 45 patents in the US.

Today, in addition to its many lakeside cottages, Colchester is home to several hundred year-round residents who have converted older homes and built new ones. Restaurants, a public beach, and a marina have been an important part of Colchester for some years now. The population is approximately 900.

Colchester lies along the southernmost road on mainland Canada, County Road 50, and has recently become a tourist destination because of the nearby wineries, the beach and harbour, and the scenery of the area. Every year, the village plays host to the "Colchester Villagefest" and "Explore the Shore", which are aimed at attracting visitors to the venues and attractions along the historic lakefront road. The village is also home to Christ Church Colchester (Anglican) which has a long history dating back to the beginnings of Colchester as a settlement.

References

Communities in Essex County, Ontario
Populated places on the Underground Railroad

Colchester, Ontario


Dog Tags is a 2008 film written and directed by Damion Dietz and starring Paul Preiss and Bart Fletcher.

Synopsis
The film is the coming of age story of Nate Merritt (played by Paul Preiss), who stuck in bad relationships with his fiancée and mother decides to enlist in the military, although he is not sure. In the midst of all this turmoil in his life, he meets Andy Forte (played by Bart Fletcher), a carefree gay man, and the two immediately strike a chord and become soul mates trying to help each other through their dilemmas and troubled youths.

Both men have domineering mothers and live in broken families. Nate's mother Deb (Candy Clark) is a single mother who hides the real identity of the father Gene (Hoyt Richards) from her son, although the alcoholic Gene still continues to live a destitute life in the vicinity in a one-room shack surviving on permanent disability cheques and doing odd jobs on the side. Andy's divorced mother Louise (Diane Davisson) is a former actress that had to leave everything behind to take care of Andy and Andy's son Travis blaming her son for her own predicament of a stay-home caretaker considering Andy an almost absent irresponsible father.

Nate has to deal with Trish Huddle (Amy Lindsay) a philandering fiancée, who is anxious to conceive a son from any military man, almost guiding Nate step by step in the mechanics of a sexual ritual to achieve this. She has no qualms to have intercourse in Nate's own residence during his absence with other married military men to achieve having the desired boy as Nate discovers when he calls in home unexpectedly. Meanwhile, Nate wants desperately to find his real father, despite grave objections from his mother. He is led to think his father is a married military man called Mark Dessau (Keythe Farley), who had a long-term relationship with Deb, Nate's mother. Meanwhile, Andy is fighting his own demons and is constantly haunted by the memories of his first lover, a Marine (played by Justin Mortelliti). Andy is unable to get over the loss of his first love and fails in all his other intimate relationships, despite the fact his relation with the Marine, though intense, never had any chance of survival with the Marine just abandoning him to his misery. When a new man tries to become intimate with him during a disastrous get-together scene, Andy confesses his incurable love to the Marine and refuses to go further, which prompts the man to tell him frankly: "once a marine, always a marine". Andy is confused by his aspirations to build a future away from home, his sexual orientation and his responsibilities as a father.

After meeting Nate, during a very bizarre circumstance at the residence of an amateur porn director "Uncle Sam" (played by Barry J. Ratcliffe), who invites them to his house to shoot a pornographic scene for money, Nate and Andy leave the house horrified. When Nate offers Andy help with starting his decrepit car, the two strike an immediate friendship with Andy clearly seeing in Nate a reflection of the Marine he once loved. After learning about Nate's obsession to find his true father, the two journey together on a quest to find him. They also find each other and discover how to confront their true "callings." The two engage to explore their own past, present and future amidst brief flashbacks they see throughout the movie.

The bond strengthens between Nate and Andy including sexual affinity between the two, awakening Nate to his own sexuality. Nate decides to confront Mark Dessau (Keythe Farley), his supposed "father", but discovers this was just an illusion. It turns out Mark went out with Nate's mother only after Nate had been conceived. This puts Nate into further despair as he realizes that his mother always deceived him. In his moment of vulnerability, his resistance is down and he easy gives in to having sex with Andy. The scene uses a montage effect where Nate is replaced by Andy's first Marine-love who went away, as Andy responds to both the real man and the man in his memory. The next morning Nate is confused but not weirded out. "There is no should or supposed to", Andy says, "What does Nate want to do?"

Confronted by Nate for a last time and upon an ultimatum to his mother that he will quit his prospective military career, Deb finally reveals that Gene is the real father. In Gene's shack, Nate's search is culminated with he finding a childhood photograph of himself in an album kept by Gene, with Nate being the result of a sexual relation between Gene and Deb at a drive-in movie. The film ends at the drive-in itself with Nate searching his soul with what he has to do with his own life. It is clear he chooses the military path, despite desire and futile efforts of Andy who tries to convince Nate that the two live together as partners and to take care of Andy's kid Travis. The departure shots in which Andy reluctantly leaves Nate alone to decide for his destiny, is a repetition, and a deja-vu of his earlier experience with his first-Marine love, exactly as the party friend had told Andy at the beginning of the film, "once a marine, always a marine."

Cast
Paul Preiss as Nate Merritt
Bart Fletcher as Andy Forte
Candy Clark as Deb Merritt, Nate's mother
Diane Davisson as Louise Forte, Andy's mother
Amy Lindsay as Trish Huddle, Nate's girlfriend
Hoyt Richards as Gene, Nate's natural father
Chris Carlisle as Chris
Keythe Farley as Mark Dessau
Barry J. Ratcliffe as Uncle Sam
Grant Harvey as Bapps
Tanner Max Eflinger as Party Guest #1
Bobby Zelsdorf as Party Guest #2
John Koons as Party Guest #3
Willam Belli as Alan
Jason Sechrest as Alan's Friend
Stephen D. Gill as Justin
Matthew Herrmann as Boy at Bar
Josh Payne as Pool Boy #1
Daniel Wilcox as Pool Boy #2
Marcus Morales as Travis
Robert S. Martin III as Recruiter (as Bobby Trey)
Justin Mortelliti as The Marine
Merideth McClean as Receptionist

Background
Asked about how and why he wrote the story, he said in an interview with Time Out Australia: "I was having a conversation with a marine and we were very, very different people and I learnt a little bit about him, his history and background and so this movie was inspired by his story."

The Village Voice noted that "in 'Dog Tags', Dietz gets serious and is all the better for it... he has freed himself as a writer".

References

External links

2008 films
American LGBT-related films
Films directed by Damion Dietz
Films shot in California
Gay-related films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films

Dog Tags (film)


α-Neurotoxins are a group of neurotoxic peptides found in the venom of snakes in the families Elapidae and Hydrophiidae. They can cause paralysis, respiratory failure, and death. Members of the three-finger toxin protein family, they are antagonists of post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the neuromuscular synapse that bind competitively and irreversibly, preventing synaptic acetylcholine (ACh) from opening the ion channel. Over 100 α-neurotoxins have been identified and sequenced.

History
The term α-neurotoxin was coined by C.C. Chang, who designated the postsynaptic bungarotoxin with the α- prefix because it happened to be slowest moving of the bungarotoxins under starch zone electrophoresis. The "α-" prefix subsequently came to connote any toxins with postsynaptic action. Members of this group are sometimes referred to as "curaremimetics" due to the similarity of their effects with the plant alkaloid curare.

As more snake venoms were characterized, many were found to contain homologous nAChR-antagonist proteins. These came to be collectively known as the snake venom α-neurotoxins.

General structure
All α-neurotoxins share the three-finger toxin tertiary structure, consisting of a small globular core containing four disulfide bonds, three loops or "fingers", and a C-terminal tail.
The class can be divided into two groups distinguished by length; short-chain neurotoxins have 60-62 residues and only the four core disulfide bonds characteristic of the fold, while long-chain neurotoxins have 66 or more residues, often including a longer C-terminus, and an additional disulfide bond in the second "finger" loop. These classes have significant sequence homology and share the same three-dimensional structure, but have differing specificities and kinetics of association/dissociation with the receptor. Localized mobility at the tips of fingers I and II is essential for binding. Accordingly, mutation of these residues produces large effects on binding. The additional disulfide bond in the second loop of the long-chain forms is likewise thought to influence binding specificity. Although both short and long-chain neurotoxins bind the same site on their target receptors, short-chain neurotoxins do not potently block α7 homo-oligomeric neuronal AChRs, while long-chain neurotoxins do. α-bungarotoxin and α-cobratoxin are both long-type.

Functions

For specifics, see α-Bungarotoxin and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

α-Neurotoxins antagonistically bind tightly and noncovalently to nAChRs of skeletal muscles, thereby blocking the action of ACh at the postsynaptic membrane, inhibiting ion flow and leading to paralysis. nAChRs contain two binding sites for snake venom neurotoxins. Some computational studies of the mechanism of inhibition using normal mode dynamics suggest that a twist-like motion caused by ACh binding may be responsible for pore opening, and that this motion is inhibited by toxin binding.

Evolution
Although three-finger protein domains are widespread, three-finger toxins appear only in snakes, and are particularly enriched in elapids. There is evidence that alpha-neurotoxins have evolved rapidly and are subject to positive selection, possibly due to an evolutionary arms race with prey species.

Snake nAchRs have specific sequence features that render them poor binding partners for alpha-neurotoxins. Some mammalian lineages also display mutations conferring resistance to alpha-neurotoxins; such resistance is believed to have evolved convergently at least four times in mammals, reflecting two different biochemical mechanisms of adaptation. The introduction of glycosylation sites on the receptor, resulting in steric hindrance at the neurotoxin binding site, is a well-characterized resistance mechanism found in mongooses, while the honey badger, domestic pig, and hedgehog lineages replace aromatic amino acids with charged residues; at least in some lineages, these molecular adaptations likely reflect predation on venomous snakes.

References

Neurotoxins
Nicotinic antagonists
Venomous snakes

Α-Neurotoxin


The Alcohol and Gaming Authority (AGA, previously known as the Nova Scotia Gaming Control Commission) is an agency of the government of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia that regulates gambling and alcoholic beverages in the province.

Upon its establishment on April 4, 1995, the Authority assumed the functions of both the Nova Scotia Liquor License Board (in administration, inspection and licensing) and the duties of the Nova Scotia Lottery Commission and the Nova Scotia Amusements Regulation Board. The merger was finalized in an Order in Council dated July 15, 1997.

The Authority's responsibilities include two broad mandates under the Gaming Control Act. The first is to license and regulate gaming activity in Nova Scotia; the second is to study and report on certain aspects of gaming in Nova Scotia. These mandates necessarily include a strong consumer protection focus. The areas of study set forth in the Act include public interest and reaction to various forms of gaming; social, economic, health, justice, and environmental impacts of gaming; and the study of gaming laws and activities in other jurisdictions.

The Alcohol and Gaming Authority is a separate and distinct entity from the Nova Scotia Gaming Corporation, and the two agencies have differing functions.

The Authority is a licensing authority for gaming, and also regulates gaming activity for which licenses have been issued. The Authority's mandate pursuant to the Theatres and Amusements Act includes film classification, licensing, and regulation. Film classification duties involve the viewing and subsequent classification of film products for use in Nova Scotia. Licensing duties involve the licensing and regulation of theatres, places of amusement, and events where fees are charged to the public.

See also
 Gaming Control Board

References
AGA-General Information

External links
Alcohol and Gaming Authority

NS
Alcohol in Nova Scotia
1995 establishments in Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia government departments and agencies
Nova Scotia Alcohol and Gaming Authority
Regulation in Canada

Alcohol and Gaming Authority