USS K-6 (SS-37) was a K-class submarine of the United States Navy.  Her keel was laid down by the Fore River Shipbuilding Company in Quincy, Massachusetts, under a subcontract from the Electric Boat Company of Groton, Connecticut.  She was launched on 26 March 1914, sponsored by Mrs.  Thomas Gaines Roberts, and commissioned on 9 September at Boston, Massachusetts.

Service history
Steaming to Newport, Rhode Island, on 16 November, K-6 joined the 4th Division, Atlantic Torpedo Flotilla, for shakedown and training. For almost three years, she conducted experimental and development operations along the Atlantic coast and in the Gulf of Mexico. She underwent diving tests off Cape Cod and Long Island, practiced firing torpedoes in Chesapeake Bay; and participated in tactical submarine exercises out of New London, Connecticut, Key West, Florida, and Pensacola, Florida. Following overhaul at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, she departed New London on 12 October 1917, and steamed via Halifax, Nova Scotia, for patrol duty in the Azores.

K-6 arrived Ponta Delgada, Azores, on 27 October in company with three other K-class submarines. For more than a year they patrolled the surrounding ocean, searching for U-boats and surface raiders and preventing them from using the islands as a haven. After the surrender of Germany, K-6 sailed for the United States on 21 November arriving Philadelphia via Bermuda on 13 December. After overhaul, K-6 proceeded to New London on 28 May 1919, to resume development and tactical operations along the New England coast.

During the four years of service that followed, K-6 ranged the Atlantic from New England to the Caribbean Sea. Operating primarily out of New London, Hampton Roads, and Key West, she trained prospective submariners, conducted experimental dives and underwater maneuvers and proved the value of submarines as an effective part of the Navy.  Arriving Hampton Roads from New London 21 March 1923, K-6 decommissioned on 21 May. Subsequently, she was towed to Philadelphia on 13 November 1924. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 18 December 1930. She was broken up and sold for scrapping on 3 June 1931.

Notes

References

External links

United States K-class submarines
World War I submarines of the United States
Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts
1914 ships

USS K-6


The Aiani Archaeological Museum is a museum in Aiani, West Macedonia, Greece.

Although the museum was inaugurated in 1970, with a collection of antiquities of the ancient city but in 1983 a number of major additional finds meant that the museum had to be expanded considerably to house the new objects.

The building of a new museum began in 1992 but was delayed by events such as an earthquake on 13 March 1995. After storage in various places including the town hall, the museum was eventually completed in 1997, but only two of the museums exhibition rooms opened in October 2002.

Now located in a two-storey building, the Archaeological Museum of Aiani displays the history of ancient Aiani, capital of Elimiotis which was one of the most important kingdoms of Upper Macedonia.

Important collections include finds of the Late Bronze Age (1500 -1200 BC) and the Archaic and Classical periods (600 -500 BC), which provide an important insight into the formation of the Doric-Macedonian peoples in the region and the civilian and political development of Aiani, particularly during the Sixth Century B.C.

References

External links
Hellenic ministry of culture
Macedonian heritage

Archaeological museums in Western Macedonia
Museums established in 1970
Kozani (regional unit)

Aiani Archaeological Museum


Hardin is a city of Montana in the United States. It is the county seat of Big Horn County. About 3,500 people lived there in 2010.

The Little Bighorn River joins the Bighorn River near the town. It is north of the Crow Indian Reservation.

Cities in Montana
County seats in Montana

Hardin, Montana


Chinese Cinderella: The Mystery of the Song Dynasty Painting is the seventh book made by the Chinese American author Adeline Yen Mah, also known for writing Chinese Cinderella and Falling Leaves both selling around one million copies. This 2009 novel is the sequel to a fictitious story of the Chinese Cinderella and the Secret Dragon Society.

Summary
While going out to buy ingredients for lunch with David, Ye Xian/CC is pursued by a mysterious woman in black. Panicked and frightened that she will be discovered with her involvement in the World War II, CC climbs onto a slippery roof and suffers a nasty fall, whereupon she faints and David carries her to a clinic. Despite it being only a slight abrasion, CC frequently suffers from headaches, lapses in and out of consciousness, haunted by vivid and familiar yet strange dreams and finds herself fascinated with a famous Chinese painting known as Along The River at Qing Ming. Grandma Wu arranges an appointment with the doctor to conduct hypnotherapy to try and cure her by getting it out of her system. Under hypnosis, CC becomes a different person and recounts a story from more than 800 years ago, during the Song Dynasty.

Taking on the life of Zhang Mei Lan (张美兰), a daughter of a rich court official, she lives with her older brother Zhang Zeduan (张择端) (called "Gege", the Chinese term for "older brother"), father, and beautiful but icy-cold stepmother called "Niang" in Bian Liang (汴梁). Soon, her father hires a poor orphan boy named Ah Li to help out around the garden after noticing his jade-carving work, and Mei Lan and Gege form a friendship with him despite the difference in their social statuses. They soon find out that Ah Li has an incredible ability to capture the beauty of the natural world, and despite being illiterate, can write better than Gege in shufa (书法). Gege and Mei Lan inform their father of Ah Li's ability immediately. His big moment arrives when the Song emperor, Emperor Huizong (徽宗), orders Ah Li to carve a jade dog for his birthday due to him being born in the Year of the Dog. Impressed with his work, the emperor gifts Ah Li 5 ounces of silver, as well as the permission to use the royal surname "Zhao". From then on Ah Li will be called Ah Zhao.

Meanwhile, Niang is forcing Mei Lan to marry and bind her feet, which she only manages to do halfway for her right foot before Mei Lan flees. The children go to the Qingming Festival together on an errand, where Ah Zhao and Gege get inspiration for a painting capturing everything happening at once in a perfect, time-stopping moment. Ah Zhao's talent is also further demonstrated through a painting of a dragon rock for Mei Lan and Zeduan's father on his birthday, and Emperor Huizong decides to recruit Ah Zhao to be one of his artists-in-residence, or even a eunuch, where he can paint pictures for the Emperor all day long and be rewarded. In addition, the Emperor also takes ownership of the painting and names it Xiang Long Shi (祥龙石). Knowing that the Emperor will not take no for an answer, Ah Zhao decides to run away from home aided by the siblings. Before he goes, however, he promises Mei Lan that he will meet her by the bridge on the night of the Qingming Festival in three years' time.

Three years have passed. Gege is preparing to induct into the palace and become an official, but he is annoyed at being unable to paint and write nearly as well as Ah Zhao, whom he misses too but is secretly becoming jealous of. Mei Lan also notices other subtle changes in her brother: he is becoming more and more altered and obedient to the rules of Chinese society and not supporting her but rather Niang, unlike his former self. As the date of the Qingming Festival nears, Mei Lan decides to use that opportunity to run away from marriage and her family. Before the date of departure, Ah Zhao sends over two lacquered boxes for the siblings: the one for Gege contains the finished painting of Along The River at Qing Ming, while the second for Mei Lan contains an unfinished painting a poem relating their imperfections together, as well as a note telling her to "Be careful". Puzzled with this cryptic meaning, Mei Lan meets up with Ah Zhao as planned, but is thwarted on the way by Gege, who tells her to come home, saying that "it's our little secret", but she recognizes that her brother is no longer himself and jumps from the roof where she met Ah Zhao, slipping on the cobblestones in her attempt to escape.

The memories stop and Grandma Wu explains the tale to probably be experienced by CC during her past life. The main thing is that CC is now cured and free to return home.

References

Novels set in the Song dynasty
Novels by Adeline Yen Mah
2009 American novels
Children's historical novels
American children's novels
2009 children's books


Bethania is an Independent chapel in Phillip Street, Mountain Ash, Glamorgan, Wales. Services at Bethania are conducted in the Welsh language.

Early history

The church began in the form of a Sunday school built in 1850, although earlier meetings had been held at the home of one Daniel Rowlands, which later became the Glancynon Inn. The first chapel was built in 1854 at a cost of £320, but became too small as a result of the religious revival of 1859. A new chapel was therefore built at a cost of £950 with seating for 750. This coincided with the sinking of the Deep Duffryn Colliery in 1855, which led to a large influx of people into the area.

David Edward Coleman (Eos Hefin), also known as Coleman Bach (Little Coleman), was a prominent member of Bethania. For many years he conducted the chapel choir and was one of the conductors of the South Wales Choral Union which won the first prize at a celebrated choral competition at the Crystal Palace in London in 1872. Coleman kept a grocery and drapery business at 54 Commercial Street, Mountain Ash.

The chapel was enlarged in 1887 and a new vestry built alongside. Thomas Llewellyn was minister from 1854 until 1888. He was succeeded by Owen Jones, who remained until 1909.

Twentieth century
John Phillips was minister from 1911 until 1945 and Haydn Davies from 1950 until 1960.

The chapel remains beautifully preserved and maintained. There were 20 members in 2004. Mountain Ash and District Choral Society hold their practices and rehearsals at the vestry.

References

Bibliography

External links

Cadw listing

Chapels in Rhondda Cynon Taf
Grade II listed churches in Rhondda Cynon Taf
Mountain Ash, Rhondda Cynon Taf

Bethania Chapel, Mountain Ash


The Daily World is a Gannett-owned daily newspaper in Opelousas, Louisiana, United States.

History
The Opelousas Daily World was founded by John R. Thistlethwaite and Ducote Andrepont. The newspaper was the first offset-printed daily newspaper in the world, and remained the sole offset-printed daily newspaper for nine years. Its first edition was published on December 24, 1939. Thistlethwaite later acquired Mr. Andrepont's interest in the operation.

Rigby Owen was the managing editor during World War II while John Thistlethwaite was a Marine aviator flying the F4U Corsair, night fighter squadron, in the South Pacific. Thistlethwaite took over editor and publisher duties on his return from the war.

The Daily World was sold to Worrel Newspapers Inc. in 1972. The New York Times Company acquired 8 daily papers, including the Daily World, from Worrell in 1982, as part of the New York Times Regional Newspaper Group. Gannett acquired the Daily World from the Times Company in 2000.

References

External links

 Official website

Newspapers published in Louisiana
Gannett publications
St. Landry Parish, Louisiana
Newspapers established in 1939
1939 establishments in Louisiana

Daily World (Opelousas)


A solvency ratio measures the extent to which assets cover commitments for future payments, the liabilities.

The solvency ratio of an insurance company is the size of its capital relative to all risks it has taken. The solvency ratio is most often defined as:

The solvency ratio is a measure of the risk an insurer faces of claims that it cannot absorb. The amount of premium written is a better measure than the total amount insured because the level of premiums is linked to the likelihood of claims.

Different countries use different methodologies to calculate the solvency ratio, and have different requirements.  For example, in India insurers are required to maintain a minimum ratio of 1.5.

For pension plans, the solvency ratio is the ratio of pension plan assets to liabilities (the pensions to be paid). Another measure of the pension plan's ability to pay all pensions in perpetuity is the going concern ratio, which measures the cost of pensions if the pension plan continues to operate. For the solvency ratio, the pension liabilities are measured using stringent rules including the assumption that the plan will be close immediately so must purchase of annuities to transfer responsibility of the pensions to another party. This is more expensive so the solvency ratio is usually lower than the going concern ratio, which measures the pension plan's ability to pay pensions if it continues to operate.

In finance, the solvency ratio measures a company's cash flow compared to its liabilities:

Solvency ratio = (net income + depreciation) / liabilities

See also
 Current ratio
 Solvency
 Solvency II Directive 2009 the EU requirement on the ratio

References

Actuarial science

Solvency ratio


Harry Franklin Lewis,  (born 1939) is a Canadian broadcaster and politician who served as the 28th lieutenant governor of Prince Edward Island, as  viceregal representative of Queen Elizabeth II of Canada in the Province of Prince Edward Island. He held the position from August 15, 2011, until October 20, 2017, and was succeeded by Antoinette Perry who was appointed on September 14, 2017.

Born in 1939 in York, Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Lewis started working at CFCY-FM in Charlottetown in 1966 and retired in 2004 when he was a vice president and General Manager. Since his retirement, he worked as a senior advisor for Newcap Radio. He was appointed the 28th Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island on July 28, 2011, by Governor General of Canada David Lloyd Johnston on the Constitutional advice of Prime Minister of Canada Stephen Harper. He was sworn in by David Jenkins, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island, on August 15, 2011, at Province House. As Lieutenant Governor, Lewis is Chancellor of the Order of Prince Edward Island.

In 2006 he was inducted into the Canadian Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame.

Arms

References

Canadian radio executives
Lieutenant Governors of Prince Edward Island
Members of the Order of Canada
Members of the Order of Prince Edward Island
People from Queens County, Prince Edward Island
1939 births
Living people
21st-century Canadian politicians

Frank Lewis (broadcaster)


The Archon Genomics X PRIZE presented by Express Scripts for Genomics, the second X Prize offered by the X Prize Foundation, based in Playa Vista, California, was announced on October 4, 2006 stating that the prize of "$10 million will be awarded to the first team to rapidly, accurately and economically sequence 100 whole human genomes to an unprecedented level of accuracy." The 30 day evaluation phase of the competition to begin on September 5, 2013, was canceled August 22, 2013 and this cancellation was debated on March 27, 2014.

Goals and history

In November 2011 the prize goals were stated as: "The $10 million grand prize will be awarded to the  team(s) able to sequence 100 human genomes  within 30 days to an accuracy of 1 error per  1,000,000 bases, with 98% completeness,  identification of insertions, deletions and  rearrangements, and a complete haplotype, at an audited total cost of $1,000 per genome."

The $10 million was donated by Canadian geologist and philanthropist Stewart Blusson, who co-discovered the Ekati Diamond Mine. The name "Archon" is the name of Blusson's company, which refers to the type of lithosphere beneath northern Canada. Upon cancellation, the money was returned to the Blussons because no Master Team Agreements were in place.

The Archon X Prize in genomics began as a joint effort of the X Prize Foundation and the J. Craig Venter Science Foundation.  The J. Craig Venter Science Foundation offered the $500,000 (US) Innovation in Genomics Science and Technology Prize in September 2003 aimed at stimulating development of less expensive and faster sequencing technology. To attract even more resources to this goal, Dr. Venter joined forces with the X Prize Foundation, wrapping his competition and prize purse into a later incarnation, The Archon Genomics X Prize presented by Express Scripts.

Test genomes
The 100 human genomes to be sequenced in this competition were donated by 100 centenarians (ages 100 or older) from all over the world, known as the 100 Over 100. Sequencing the genomes of the 100 Over 100 presented an unprecedented opportunity to identify those "rare genes" that protect against diseases, while giving researchers valuable clues to health and longevity. These centenarians' genes would provide us with a window to the past, significantly impacting the future of healthcare. Although the contest is cancelled, the X PRIZE foundation collected blood samples and created cell-lines to preserve the DNA from more than 100 centenarians. Those genomes are expected to be sequenced nonetheless and put into an open data forum.

Teams
The only two pre-registered teams were Ion Torrent in Guilford, CT and Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering in Boston, MA.  These teams were announced 23-Jul-2012 and 3-Oct-2012.

Significance
The result was going to be the world's first "medical grade" genome, a critically needed clinical standard that would transform genomic research into usable medical information to improve patient diagnosis and treatment. This global competition was expected to inspire breakthrough genome sequencing innovations and technologies that would usher in a new era of personalized medicine.

The evaluation phase of the competition was officially set to begin on September 5, 2013, and conclude 30 days later on October 5, but was canceled August 22, 2013 because it was "outpaced by innovation". A public debate concerning the validity and potential implications of the cancellation was published March 27, 2014.

See also

 List of genetics awards
 List of medicine awards

References

X Prizes
Genetics awards
Genomics
Human genetics
Challenge awards

Archon X Prize


Jacqulyn "Jackie" Longacre is the former executive director of Planned Parenthood in Tulsa, Oklahoma. In the eighteen years she was the director of the Tulsa campus, they grew from serving 1,600 patients to serving over 10,000 patients in a single year and were awarded the Fairchild Award, the highest award available for being a quality service affiliate. Longacre played a vital part in establishing Reproductive Services in Tulsa as well as Tulsa
County Perinatal Coalition. In 1993, she was inducted in the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame.

Early life
Jackie Longacre was born in Robeline, Louisiana, but was raised primarily in Wewoka, Oklahoma. Her family moved around several times because of her father's work in the oilfield. She attended several rural schools during her childhood that played a key role in her early character development. Eventually, Longacre graduated from Wewoka High School. Longacre continued her education at Oklahoma A&M (now Oklahoma State University) due to a scholarship she received through the Extension Service. While in college she held several jobs, including running the dorm elevator, working in the kitchen, and finally in the Dean of the Graduate School's office. She majored in accounting and economics and completed her degrees in four years.

Career
Longacre applied for a job as an oil company accountant in Venezuela, but was denied as a single woman. She took a caseworker exam and went to work for Seminole County Department of Welfare, moving in 1957, to the Department of Human Services in Tulsa County. While working on her graduate degree at the University of Oklahoma, Longacre was employed in the Social Work Department of Griffin Memorial Hospital in Norman. After graduating with her master's degree, Longacre moved to Tulsa, working at the Child Welfare Division of the Department of Human Services and later took over the Child Protective Unit in Tulsa County. In 1969, Longacre became the Director of Planned Parenthood in Tulsa, where she worked for eighteen years. During her tenure, Tulsa's Planned Parenthood grew from serving 1,600 patients to serving over 10,000 patients in a single year and was awarded the Fairchild Award, the highest award available for quality service in the industry. Longacre was a key figure in the development of reproductive health services for Tulsa and helped establish the Tulsa County Perinatal Coalition, which was founded in 1987 to address a crisis occurring in women's health at that time—lack of services for low-income women, high risk and high infant mortality due to inadequate health care, and inadequate education. She moved to Dallas for a short period of time, working with the Planned Parenthood located there.

Longacre returned to Oklahoma to direct the Area Health Education Center in Enid, Oklahoma and focused on health education. Many of the programs her agency sponsored worked on teen pregnancy issues, suicide reduction, family planning, reducing the risks of STDs, AIDs education and other issues.
In 1992, when a grant was given to establish a rural health service, she founded Rural Health Projects (RHP). In a 2005 book, Troubled Fields: Men, Emotions, and the Crisis in American Farming by Eric Ramirez-Ferrero, the author praised Longacre's assistance and the RHP for its services to the rural health needs of Oklahomas in the northwestern part of the state. After, Longacre went to work for the State Health Department helping to improve the WIC program, from which she retired in 1996.

Longacre was inducted into the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1993 for her advocacy on women's and rural health issues. In 2015, a play honoring Longacre and 13 other Oklahoma women who were "courageous, tenacious, persistent and uppity" entitled Oklahoma Women with True Grit was premiered at the Stillwater Public Library.

References

External links
Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame Oral History Project -- OSU Library

1932 births
Living people
American birth control activists
Oklahoma State University alumni
American social workers
University of Oklahoma alumni
American women's rights activists
People from Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana

Jacqulyn Longacre


Nima Elbagir (; born July 20, 1978) is a Sudanese journalist and an award-winning international television correspondent.

Elbagir joined CNN as a London-based international correspondent. In 2008, she picked up two Foreign Press Association Awards - TV News Story of the Year and Broadcast Journalist of the Year (winner of winners). She had been nominated for other awards including the Amnesty Award for Human Rights Journalism and the One World Broadcast Awards. In 2008, she was shortlisted for Young Journalist of the Year at the Royal Television Society Awards and in 2016, the society named her Specialist Journalist of the Year.  Her work had taken her "to some of the darkest and most difficult places to report on in the past 12 months", said the citation, adding that Elbagir had "demonstrated great determination and bravery as well as deep humanity. She highlighted the plight of young people moving between continents and had the language skills to follow their journey in a way that no-one else could achieve".  "Her fearless reports from Africa and the Middle East' meant that she was 'being compared to [CNN's] veteran Christiane Amanpour", wrote media commentator Maggie Brown on 27 February 2016's The Observer. On January 27, 2022 Elbagir was promoted to CNN's Chief International Investigative Correspondent.

Early years
Nima Elbagir was born in Khartoum, Sudan, in 1978. Her father, Ahmed Abdullah Elbagir, was a journalist who was jailed before her birth, and her mother, Ibtisam Affan, was the first publisher in Sudan. Elbagir is of Sudanese origin. At the age of three, she moved to the United Kingdom, and when she was eight years old she moved to Sudan.  After six years in Sudan, she returned to the United Kingdom.

Nima Elbagir was educated in Sudan and in Britain. She holds a BSc in Philosophy from the London School of Economics. She is fluent in Arabic and English.

Career

Elbagir began her journalism career with Reuters in December 2002 reporting for them from Sudan, covering the simmering conflict in the country's Darfur region. She moved into broadcast journalism in 2005 joining the launch of More4 News, where her exclusives included exposing rape allegations against the African Union in Darfur, gaining the first interview with the Aegis security company whistleblower on the Iraq "Trophy Videos", interviewing Jacob Zuma in the run-up to his 2006 rape trial and reported from Mogadishu during the US bombing of Somalia in January 2007

In her first documentary with Unreported World "Meet the Janjaweed" she gained access to Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, aka "Hemeti", one of the main Arab Janjaweed Commanders at the heart of the fighting in Darfur. Elbagir and her director Andrew Carter filmed the fighters' Sudanese Army ID cards and Chinese manufactured weaponry - broadcasting the first documentary evidence* of the Sudanese government's direct involvement with the Janjaweed and the role China's arms sales to Darfur are playing in the conflict.

(*The BBC's Newsnight broadcast the first Janjaweed admission of Sudanese Government involvement - an interview with a defector on 17 October 2006 . The defector in that instance did not offer Sudanese Army ID however.)

Notes

1978 births
People from Khartoum
Sudanese emigrants to the United Kingdom
ITN newsreaders and journalists
CNN people
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Living people
English women journalists
British women television journalists

Nima Elbagir


Shangri-La Plaza is a shopping mall located in Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, Philippines. It is owned and operated by the Kuok Group of Companies, the owner of the worldwide chain of Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts. Shangri-La Plaza opened on November 21, 1991 and contains more than 300 shops and restaurants.

Location
Shangri-La Plaza is located along Shaw Boulevard corner Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, Barangay Wack-Wack Greenhills, Mandaluyong. It is adjacent and directly connected to other Shangri-La properties, Edsa Shangri-La, Manila, The St. Francis Shangri-La Place and One Shangri-La Place. It is also near other shopping centers such as SM Megamall and Starmall EDSA-Shaw and the Greenfield District.

Physical details

Main Wing

Opened in 1991, the Main Wing of the mall has 6 retail floors, 1 basement level of shops and restaurants, and 2 carpark levels above the retail floors. The Food Forum (formerly called Garden Court) is located in the mall's basement level, featuring several food stalls and fast food chains, as well as a few other restaurant chains, Also located at the basement level are The Marketplace (formerly called Rustan's Fresh Supermarket, Rustan's Fresh Supermarket, and Marketplace by Rustan's) and the Technohub. The second floor of the main wing serves as an atrium to the other four floors above it, wherein its open space is often used for events. There are also escalators in the main wing's atrium that skip odd-numbered floors, allowing faster access to the 2nd, 4th, and 6th floors.

The Ledge is a portion of the sixth floor of the main mall where various international and local restaurant chains can be found. Streetscape is an al fresco area with various local and international restaurant chains as well. Another retail zone named The Fifth, located at the fifth level, caters to a young retail market and beside it is the health and wellness zone. The Red Carpet, formerly called the Shang Cineplex until its 2018 renovation, is located on the sixth and seventh levels, featuring four regular movie theaters and one Premiere theater.

The main mall is directly connected to the Shaw Boulevard MRT Station, Edsa Shangri-La, Manila hotel and The St. Francis Shangri-La Place. Indirectly, it is also connected to Starmall EDSA-Shaw and the Greenfield District through the walkways of the MRT station.

Rustan's Department Store
Located at the Main Wing, Rustan's Department Store is a 4-level high-end department store.

East Wing
The East Wing was opened in 2013 and has 5 floors and 1 basement level of shops and restaurants. The East Wing also serves as the podium to One Shangri-La Place, a two-tower residential development. It was built on what was the open parking area of the complex. It features some more upscale and international brands as well as various restaurants. It is connected to the Main Mall via bridgeways which also feature various restaurant and retail chains.

North Wing
Also known as the multi-deck parking area, it has connections to the Main Mall and East Wing. It also has bars and restaurants as well as a salon and a small retail strip facing EDSA that is composed of service shops, banks, a drugstore and some snack options.

Chapel

The St. Padre Pio Chapel is a Roman Catholic chapel at the 6th level of the mall and can be accessed from the 5th level via escalators and from a hallway connecting to the main mall area of the same level.

References

Shopping malls in Mandaluyong
Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts
Shopping malls established in 1991
Ortigas Center

Shangri-La Plaza


Vishkanya is a 1991 Hindi action fantasy film of Bollywood, directed by Jag Mundhra and produced by Salila Parida. This is the debut movie of Indian actress, model Pooja Bedi and Riya Sen as the child actress. This film was released on 30 July 1991.

Plot
Inspector Rakesh Verma is investigating a case of mysterious deaths in a remote village. His investigations take him to meet two people, namely Thakur Dhurjan Singh and Lala Lachiram, both fearful for their lives. Rakesh learns that both are connected to the criminal activities. He is required to provide protection to them. His investigations revealed that one Trilokchand, a former jailbird, is a prime suspect. But presently, Trilok is confined to a wheelchair. Rakesh now realises that it is a revenge story of a young girl for her parents' murder. Long ago, Thakur Durjan Singh and Lala Lachiram were involved with illegal snake skin smuggling. One day, forest officer Vikram Singh comes into their circle with his wife Sonali and daughter Nisha. Vikram Singh tries to arrest the smugglers, and they kill Vikram and Sonali. Only Nisha is left. Nisha's Grandpa Trilokchand comes into the house and sees the dead bodies; he promises, that he must take revenge. He is framed by Zoravar, and Trilok is found guilty of murder and serves 11 years in jail. Nisha, although a simple girl of a village, recollects the murder scene of his parents. Her uncle Bajrang takes her to a Tantrik's who gives a snake poison pill to Nisha, and due to such pill, she becomes a Vishkanya (Poison girl). When her grandfather Trilok returns from jail, they jointly take revenge.

Cast
 Kunal Goswami as Inspector Rakesh
 Pooja Bedi as Nisha
 Kabir Bedi as Vikram Singh
 Moon Moon Sen as Mrs. Vikram
 Satish Kaushik as Lala Lachiram
 Goga Kapoor as Durjan Singh
 Ananth Narayan Mahadevan as Bajrang
 Rajesh Vivek
 Surendra Pal
 Riya Sen as Baby Nisha
 Vikas Anand as DIG
 Akash Khurana as Trilokchand

Soundtrack

References

1991 films
1990s Hindi-language films
Indian fantasy action films
Films scored by Bappi Lahiri
Indian films about revenge
Films about snakes
Films about shapeshifting
Films directed by Jag Mundhra

External links

Vishkanya (film)


In mathematics, the knot complement of a tame knot K is the space where the knot is not. If a knot is embedded in the 3-sphere, then the complement is the 3-sphere minus the space near the knot. To make this precise, suppose that K is a knot in a three-manifold M (most often, M is the  3-sphere).  Let N be a tubular neighborhood of K; so N is a solid torus.  The knot complement is then the complement of N,

The knot complement XK is a compact 3-manifold; the boundary of XK and the boundary of the neighborhood N are homeomorphic to a two-torus.  Sometimes the ambient manifold M is understood to be the 3-sphere.   Context is needed to determine the usage.  There are analogous definitions for the link complement.

Many knot invariants, such as the knot group, are really invariants of the complement of the knot.  When the ambient space is the three-sphere no information is lost: the Gordon–Luecke theorem states that a knot is determined by its complement. That is, if K and K′ are two knots with homeomorphic complements then there is a homeomorphism of the three-sphere taking one knot to the other.

Knot complements are Haken manifolds. More generally complements of links are Haken manifolds.

See also
Knot genus
Seifert surface

Further reading
 C. Gordon and J. Luecke, "Knots are determined by their Complements", J. Amer. Math. Soc., 2 (1989), 371–415.

References

Knot theory

Knot complement


The tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) is a species of requiem shark, and is the only member of the genus Galeocerdo. This is one of the largest known species of shark. It reaches lengths of up to 5.5 metres (18 feet), and weighs over 900 kg (2000 pounds). The tiger shark is found throughout the world's coastal temperate and tropical waters, with the exception of the Mediterranean Sea, and have been known to swim to depths of up to 350 metres (1150 feet). Tiger sharks feed mainly on bony fish, rays, squid, crustaceans, seals, and dolphins. The tiger shark is the only species in its family which is ovoviviparous, giving birth to 10-82 pups at a time.

Description

The tiger shark gets its name from the black spots and stripes which run the length of the body, like a tiger. The front of the body is quite sturdy, but becomes more slim at the back. It has a large, strong head with big eyes and a very blunt snout. The first dorsal fin is quite wide, and is located at the back of the pectoral fins. The much smaller second dorsal fin is located at the front of the anal fin which is strongly recurved. There is a ridge along the back between the dorsal fins.

The jaws of the tiger shark have large, sharp teeth which helps the shark to cut through the flesh and bones of their prey. Each tooth is jagged around the edges. The upper and lower teeth are similar in shape, and the teeth at the front are larger than the back teeth.

The dorsal surface of the tiger shark is bluish-green to dark grey or black, and the belly is yellowish-white to pure white in colour. The black spots and stripes of the tiger shark are more visible on young ones, and they fade as the shark matures.
The tiger shark is one of the largest known sharks, commonly reaching a length of 3.25-4.25 metres (11-14 feet), and weighing around 385-635 kg (850-1400 pounds). New born tiger sharks range in lengths between 51 to 76 cm (2 to 2.5 feet). Males reach maturity at 2.3-3 metres (8-10 feet), while females become mature at 2.5-3.3 metres (8-11 feet). The largest specimens are believed to reach lengths of up to 5.5 metres (18 feet), and weigh over 900 kg (2000 pounds).

Habitat

The tiger shark is found throughout the world's coastal temperate and tropical waters, with the exception of the Mediterranean Sea. In the western Atlantic, it is found from Massachusetts to Uruguay, and in the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean Sea. In the eastern Atlantic, it is found in Iceland and possibly the U.K (due to the warm Gulf Stream), Morocco, Canary Islands, and from Senegal to Ivory Coast. In the Indian Ocean, it is found in Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Thailand, Vietnam, and from the Red Sea to South Africa. In the western Pacific, it is found in southern China, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Palau, Solomon Islands, Marshall Islands, and Tahiti. In the eastern Pacific, it is found in Hawaii, Galapagos, and from southern California to Peru.

The tiger shark is found in many different kinds of marine habitats, but it usually prefers murky waters in coastal areas. It is also commonly found in estuaries and harbours. Shallow areas around large island chains and oceanic islands, including lagoons, are also part of the tiger shark's natural environment. The tiger shark is found near the surface to depths of up to 350 metres (1150 feet).

Behaviour
The tiger shark is nocturnal. During the day they are mostly inactive, and they hunt during the night. They are solitary, and may attack any shark or human that comes near them. The Tiger shark can be very aggressive, and along with the great white and the bull shark, it is one of the most dangerous sharks for humans.

Feeding
Tiger sharks have a wide variety of prey. They feed on rays, bony fish, dolphins, carrion, sea birds, sea turtles, sea snakes, crustaceans, seals, squid, and small sharks of other species. Some Tiger sharks have been found with ship garbage, and car license plates in their stomachs. Adult tiger sharks have also been known to prey on young tiger sharks.

One large female caught off the north end of the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea had two empty cans, a plastic bottle, two burlap sacks, a squid, and a 20 cm long fish in its stomach. Also, many tiger sharks caught in harbours have been found with garbage in their stomachs.

Tiger sharks are able to find food in the dark by picking up the vibrations made by their prey in the water, and also because of their enhanced vision.

Reproduction
For the tiger shark, maturity depends on size and not on age. Males reach maturity at 2.3-3 metres (8-10 feet), while females become mature at 2.5-3.3 metres (8-11 feet).t Tiger sharks are ovoviviparous, and females only mate once every 3 years. The time of which the mating season occurs depends on the location. In the Northern Hemisphere the mating season lasts from March until May, and in the southern hemisphere the mating season lasts from November until January. The gestation period lasts up to 16 months, and females can give birth to 10-82 pups at a time. The average lifespan in the wild for a tiger shark is 12 years.

Human interactions
The tiger shark is second on the list of number of recorded attacks on humans, with the great white shark being first. Fortunately though, attacks are rare. In  Hawaii, although tiger sharks were responsible for several deaths in the 1990s, there is an average of one shark attack per year.

Due to being fished commercially and recreationally, in some parts of its range, the tiger shark's population has decreased. Like many shark species, the fins of the tiger shark are highly prized in Asia for making shark-fin soup. Also, its meat is eaten by people, its skin is used to make leather, and its liver is taken as a source of Vitamin A. Fortunately, this species is quite fast growing and produces large numbers of young, so the tiger shark faces no real threat. Also, in areas where the numbers of adults have been reduced due to fishing, young tiger sharks have been found to be more common, as predation from the adults is lessened. Nevertheless, as the demand for shark fins continues to grow, there is concern that it could have a serious impact on this species in the future. The tiger shark is listed as Near Threatened by the IUCN.

References

Sharks

Tiger shark


The Córas Iompair Éireann/Iarnród Éireann 071 Class or Northern Ireland Railways 110 Class or Serbian Railways JŽ series 666 is a General Motors Electro-Motive Division EMD JT22CW series diesel-electric locomotive used in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Serbia.

Córas Iompair Éireann
The Córas Iompair Éireann 071 Class locomotives were the principal passenger locomotives on the Irish railway network for twenty years from their introduction in the late 1970s.  They displaced the older CIÉ 001 Class and NIR 101 Class locomotives and were themselves replaced in turn by the new 201 Class locomotives.

Currently all the CIÉ locomotives remain in service, being used on freight and permanent way trains. NIR 112 was on long-term loan to Iarnród Éireann from April 2003 until September 2006, when it was returned to Northern Ireland Railways.

The locomotives arrived in Ireland on 2 November 1976 and were purchased to facilitate 90 mph running on the Cork and Belfast lines. A trade dispute resulted in a significant delay in their introduction; the first service was operated on 23 May 1977 hauled by 082 on the 14:30 Dublin Heuston to Cork. The class was originally fitted with an EMD 12-645E3B engine but was upgraded to 12-645E3C specification in 1992, along with the installation of yaw dampers to resolve issues of poor ride quality and bogie cracks at high speeds.

In November 2006, IÉ began an overhaul programme of twelve units only, leaving the fate of their remaining six units in doubt. By 2009 fourteen 071s had received the new 'Freight Livery' however not all had received an overhaul. Those that received a re-paint into the new livery were: Nos. 071, 072, 073, 074, 075, 076, 079, 080, 081, 082, 083, 085, 086 and 088.
On Saturday 14 and 15 November 2009 075 and a Tara Mines train was used in testing of the new bridge at Malahide.

In 2013 an overhaul programme started for all eighteen class members which includes an engine rebuild, refurbished bogies, new panels, new cabs and a new slate grey livery complete with European numbering. As of September 2018, the entire 071 Class has been refurbished. Class members that had been out of use for a number of years have been reinstated into service after overhaul.

In 2016, several members of the class received a commemorative plaque beneath their handbrakes in recognition of their 40 years of service with CIÉ and Iarnród Éireann. Loco 071 was repainted back to its original CIÉ Supertrain livery of black and orange in May 2016, with its first working thereafter being the RPSI diesel tour from Dublin to Waterford and Limerick Junction.

In July 2017, loco 073 was overhauled and repainted back to the original Irish Rail livery dating back to 1987 in order to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the company.

Northern Ireland Railways

The Class 110 as they are known by NI Railways is identical to the Class 071. NI Railways has three of these locomotives, which are now mainly used for ballasting duties since their replacement on the Enterprise and other passenger duties. These locomotives are numbered 111, 112, and 113.

In 2007, it was announced that NIR's three locomotives were to be converted to push-pull operation. The DBSO driving trailer for this set was delivered in 2009, leading to speculation that this set was to remain in service after 2010, and even see an increased use in  passenger service.

As of 2015 the DBSO has been disposed of, never having been used, and is now preserved at Downpatrick and used as a barrier vehicle for their Class 450 DEMU. The Gatwick Express carriages have also been disposed of to the RPSI, leaving the Class 110 locomotives with no normal passenger duties. They remain in use for permanent way & engineering duties, and empty stock movements.

The class is no longer permitted to haul passenger trains (including for third parties like the RPSI) as of 2023.

111 and 113 have been tested working in multiple, for use on the steep gradients of the Antrim branch line during ballasting operations, where the additional adhesion at low speed during ballasting is required.

IE/NIR Locomotive Names
All three of the named Northern Ireland Railways locomotives are named after former railway companies. Two of the Iarnród Éireann Freight locomotives are named. Details are as follows:

Yugoslavia and Serbia

Four similar EMD JT22CW-2 locomotives are used by Serbian Railways, designated as ŽS series 666. They were originally intended by Yugoslav Railways for use with Tito's special Blue Train, hence their all blue livery. These locomotives differ from the Irish units in being standard gauge rather than Irish 5 ft 3 in gauge and having a full width car-body. After the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the locomotives have been used to haul freight and passenger trains. Three locomotives are currently not operational and awaiting overhaul, while 003 (Sutjeska) started running test rides in January 2015 after an overhaul in Kraljevo. On Friday 23 January 2015 003 re-entered service.

JŽ/ŽS/SV Locomotive Names
All four Class 666 locomotives of Yugoslav Railways were named after toponyms important to the People's Liberation War.

Fleet

Additional technical details
 Auxiliary Alternator: D14
 Auxiliary Generator: A-8147M1,
 Power at rail:
 Storage Battery: 32 cells, 420 ampere hours
 Bogies: Flexicoil
 Wheel Diameter:
 Compressor/Exhauster: Model ABOV
 Height over horn:
 Width:
 Fuel Tank:
 Min Turning Radius:
 Multiple working: To AAR, with all IÉ & NIR GM locos
 Nos. 111 and 112 were modified by NIR to provide head end power to coaching stock in the early 1990s, however this capability was seldom used and is now isolated.

Accidents and incidents
On Friday 1 August 1980, locomotive 075 was hauling a passenger train which was derailed at , County Cork, killing eighteen and injuring 62 people.
On 21 August 1983, locomotive 086 was hauling a passenger train which ran into the back of another passenger train near Cherryville Junction, County Kildare. Seven people were killed and 55 were injured.

Model
The 071 Class was available as a 00 gauge Resin kit by Model Irish Railways (MIR) but is no longer made. It included transfers, brass detailing (railings, fans, grills) and flush glazing. Note the paint included is the Golden Brown hue and not the existing deep orange (RAL2011).

Murphy Models have released an '00' gauge ready to run model of the 071 class. This has been available since October 2012.

Both the 071 and 110 class have been produced as player drivable locomotives in the Microsoft Train Simulator add-on, "Irish Enterprise North" by Making Tracks.

See also
 Córas Iompair Éireann
 NI Railways
 Jugoslovenske Železnice
 Serbian Railways
 Srbija Voz
 List of GM-EMD locomotives

References

External links

 Eiretrains – Irish Locomotives

Co-Co locomotives
Electro-Motive Division locomotives
Iarnród Éireann locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Diesel-electric locomotives of Northern Ireland
Diesel-electric locomotives of Ireland
Diesel-electric locomotives of Serbia
Diesel-electric locomotives of Yugoslavia
Standard gauge locomotives of Serbia
Standard gauge locomotives of Yugoslavia
5 ft 3 in gauge locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1976
Co'Co' Diesel Locomotives of Europe

CIE 071 Class


Ernesto Pérez Balladares González-Revilla (born June 29, 1946), nicknamed El Toro ("The Bull"), is a Panamanian politician who was the President of Panama between 1994 and 1999.

Educated in the United States, Pérez Balladares worked as a banker before becoming part of the government of military ruler Omar Torrijos; in 1989, he also served as campaign manager for the pro-Manuel Noriega presidential candidate Carlos Duque. He was elected president in 1994 as the candidate of the Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD), in a close three-way race with Arnulfista Party candidate Mireya Moscoso and salsa singer Ruben Blades.

Pérez Balladares' term was notable for free-market reforms and the privatization of government services. He also rehabilitated a number of officials from the Noriega years and sought a closer alliance with the United States than the previous administration of Guillermo Endara. Following a failed constitutional referendum to allow him a second term in office, Pérez Balladares was succeeded by Moscoso in 1999.

In 2009, prosecutors opened an investigation into charges of corruption dating to Pérez Balladares' time in office. He was placed under house arrest the following year, making him the first former Panamanian president to be arrested, and in October 2010 was charged with money laundering. A judge dismissed the charge against him in April 2011. In February 2012, Pérez Balladares was convicted of slandering comptroller Alvin Weeden by calling him a narcocriminal, and sentenced to a $3,000 fine or a year in prison.

Background
Pérez Balladares received master's degrees in the US at the University of Notre Dame and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. From 1971 to 1975, he was credit officer of the City Bank for Panama and Central America. He is married to Dora Boyd de Pérez Balladares.

Political career
Pérez Balladares served under military ruler Omar Torrijos as the Minister of Economy and Finances. In March 1979, he was one of the co-founders of the Democratic Revolutionary Party (PRD). He was picked to be the Secretary of the Party in 1982. However, in 1984, he clashed with new military leader Manuel Noriega, and passed several months in exile in Spain.

Pérez Balladares later served as campaign manager for Carlos Duque, Noriega's chosen candidate for the 1989 presidential election. The opposition candidate, Guillermo Endara, was reported by international observers to be leading the vote by a 3-to-1 margin, but the results were annulled by the Noriega government before counting was complete. During the December 1989 US invasion of Panama, however, Endara was certified the election's winner and sworn in as the next president of Panama. During the invasion, Pérez Balladares was briefly detained and interrogated by US forces for his association with Noriega, but was then released.

Pérez Balladares himself stood as a candidate in the 1994 presidential election for the PRD, opposing Mireya Moscoso of the Arnulfista Party and the salsa singer Rubén Blades, who was then president of the party Papa Egoro. Pérez Balladares' opponents sought to emphasize his connection with Noriega, broadcasting pictures of the two together. Pérez Balladares denied the link, describing the current PRD as "diametrically opposed" to Noriega's policies. Instead, he worked to position himself as a successor to Torrijos, who was regarded as a national hero. The incumbent Arnulfista Party, meanwhile, was seen as hobbled by dissatisfaction with the perceived incompetence and corruption of Endara's government. He ultimately won the election with 33% of the vote, with Moscoso receiving 29% and Blades receiving 17%.

Presidency (1994–1999)
Pérez Balladares's government was characterized by pro-free market policies. He included a number of free-market economists in his cabinet. Under his rule, both the electric and telephone companies were privatized and in 1997, Panama entered the World Trade Organization. In 1995, he reformed Panama's labor code, an action protested by 49 unions and causing his popularity to drop. Other unpopular actions by Pérez Balladares included giving $35 million in back pay to Noriega's paramilitary Dignity Battalions and doubling the salaries of his cabinet despite the country's ongoing poverty.

He rehabilitated a number of former Noriega officials in his government, including his Housing Minister, a doctor accused of helping to torture political prisoners during Noriega's rule, and his First Vice President, Tomas Altamirano Duque. Pérez Balladares ultimately pardoned more than 200 people for crimes committed during the Noriega years, calling it a step toward national reconciliation.

Pérez Balladares forged closer ties with the US, agreeing with President Bill Clinton to take in 10,000 Cuban boat people at US military bases that Endara had refused to accept, as well as providing exile to Haitian former military ruler Raoul Cédras as part of a negotiated settlement. Pérez Balladares also pledged to join the US anti-drug effort and pass new laws to prevent money laundering.

Peruvian reporter Gustavo Gorriti, working for the Panamanian newspaper La Prensa, reported in 1996
that an agent of Colombia's Cali Cartel had contributed US$51,000 to Pérez Balladares' presidential campaign. After briefly threatening to sue for libel and calling the report "journalistic terrorism", Pérez Balladares later stated that it had been correct, describing it as "the first time, perhaps in my life, that I have had to swallow my words." When Gorriti's work visa expired the following year, however, the Panamanian government refused to renew it, triggering a storm of criticism from international press NGOs and domestic opposition parties. Under pressure, the Pérez Balladares government later relented, and Gorriti's visa was renewed.

In 1998, Pérez Balladares organized a referendum to amend the constitution to allow him to serve a second consecutive term in office, stating that he needed another term to complete his reforms (the Panamanian Constitution only allows a former President to seek the office after sitting out two consecutive terms). Despite massive spending by the PRD, however, the proposal was defeated by a margin of almost 2 to 1, a result described by The Economist as "proving Panama's democracy more resilient than many dared suppose." Pérez Balladares also proposed constitutional amendments to allow penalties for a domestic or foreign journalist who "incites violent protest", and to ban the wearing of military fatigues or boots.

Because Pérez Balladares was ineligible to run again, the PRD ultimately selected Martín Torrijos, the son of Omar Torrijos, as the candidate for the 1999 Panamanian general election. He lost to the Arnulfista candidate, Mireya Moscoso. In the final weeks of Pérez Balladares' presidency, the Arnulfista Party and president-elect Moscoso accused his administration of illegally using funds from the sale of government property, issuing last-minute contracts to political allies, and selling visas to Asians wishing to illegally enter the US. Critics also accused Pérez Balladares of staffing the new Panama Canal Authority, which would oversee the Panama Canal beginning on January 1, 2000, with his own business associates and "cronies".

Corruption allegations and arrest
In November 1999, following allegations that he had participated in the illegal sale of US visas to Chinese immigrants, the US revoked Pérez Balladares' tourist visa.

The Panamanian government opened an investigation of the former president for money laundering in September 2009, however not enough evidence was available to prove such allegations.

On January 14, 2010, he was placed under house arrest over accusations that he accepted money from Lucky Games SA casino. It was the first arrest of a former Panamanian president. In April, the bank account of his company Shelf Holding Inc. was frozen, and Pérez Balladares was required to hand over his passport following a trip to Peru. District Attorney Jose Ayu Prado announced in October 2010 that there was sufficient evidence to charge Pérez Balladares with money laundering. A preliminary hearing on the case was held on April 11, 2011, and the case was dismissed by the judge two weeks later. In December 2012, Ayu Prado was nominated to the Supreme Court. Perez Balladares stated via Twitter that the appointment was a trade for having persecuted him.

Pérez Balladares was later charged with slander for calling comptroller Alvin Weeden a narcocriminal. The former president was convicted on February 17, 2012 and sentenced to a $3,000 fine or a year in prison.

Unconstitutional Legacy and Minera Petaquilla
In 1997, during the presidency of Ernesto Pérez Balladares, the National Assembly of Panama passed Law 9 approving a controversial mining concession contract between the state and the company Minera Petaquilla S.A. (later Minera Panama S.A.). This 30-year contract granted Minera Panama exclusive rights to explore, extract, exploit, process, refine, transport, sell and market copper and other precious metals within 13,600 hectares of land in Cocle province.

Critics argued the lopsided deal infringed upon Panama's mineral rights sovereignty and gave away too much control over national resources to a private corporation, with little foresight into long-term impacts. Allegations emerged suggesting improper influence or corruption in the concession's approval.

In December 2017, the Supreme Court of Justice of Panama ruled this 1997 law and contract were unconstitutional, after legal challenges were filed questioning its legality and Pérez Balladares' authority to broker such an agreement. The court's ruling was reaffirmed and became final in June 2021 after various appeals were rejected.

In December 2022, Panama's Official Gazette No. 29685 published Resolution No. 2022-234 from the National Directorate of Mineral Resources ordering Minera Panama to suspend mining activities and present a plan for safely preserving operations, in compliance with the court's judgement. This aimed to avoid damages and remedy conditions that could cause harm to the mining project, workers, or the environment, given Minera Panama no longer has a valid concession contract after the 2017 ruling. The resolution highlights the government's efforts to negotiate a new contract acceptable to both parties have been unsuccessful.

Notes

References

Bibliography

|-

1946 births
Living people
People from Panama City
Presidents of Panama
Finance ministers of Panama
Panamanian Roman Catholics
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania alumni
University of Notre Dame alumni
Democratic Revolutionary Party politicians
Heads of government who were later imprisoned
Recipients of the Medal of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
People named in the Pandora Papers

Ernesto Pérez Balladares


Melissa Suzanne George (born 6 August 1976) is an Australian actress. A former national rollerskating champion and model, George began her acting career playing Angel Parrish in the Australian soap opera Home and Away (1993–1996). After moving to the United States, George made her feature debut with a supporting role in Dark City (1998). She followed this with parts in The Limey (1999), Mulholland Drive (2001), Sugar & Spice (2001), and Down with Love (2003).

George made the transition to leading roles when she appeared as Kathy Lutz in the 2005 remake of The Amityville Horror. She followed this with a succession of films in the thriller and horror genres, such as Derailed (2005), Turistas (2006), WΔZ (2007), 30 Days of Night (2007), Triangle (2009), A Lonely Place to Die (2011), and Felony (2013).

On television, George has had recurring roles on Friends (2003), Alias (2003–2004), Grey's Anatomy (2008–2009) and The Good Wife (2013–2014), and a starring role on the NBC medical drama Heartbeat (2016). She received a Golden Globe nomination for her portrayal of Laura Hill on HBO's In Treatment (2008). In 2010, she appeared as Clara Musso on the Fox crime drama series Lie to Me. She also starred in the Australian miniseries The Slap (2011), for which she received a Logie Award, and in the BBC spy series Hunted (2012). In 2015, she appeared in the American adaptation of The Slap, playing the same character—Rosie—that she played in the previous version. She played Diane Hagerty on Hulu's The First in 2018, and Margot on the Apple TV+ series The Mosquito Coast between 2021 and 2023.

Early life
George was born on in Perth, Western Australia, to Pamela, a nurse, and Glenn George, a construction worker. She is of Scottish descent. William Ward, a grandfather on her mother's side, worked as a prison warden at Rottnest Island, offshore from Perth. The second of four children, she is also a cousin of the opera singer Taryn Fiebig.

George attended Warwick Senior High School and developed an interest in dancing and began studying jazz, tap, ballet, and modern dance at the age of seven. Her enthusiasm for dance eventually evolved into a passion for artistic roller skating. She is an Australian national roller skating champion and won bronze medals in the National Championships in 1989 and 1990. She won a silver medal at the Junior World Championship in 1991.

Career

1992–1998: Early work
George began modelling in her early teens, and in 1992 was named Western Australia's Teenage Model of the Year. At the age of 16, George and a friend, Cara Mitchinson, both acted in a mock episode of the popular Australian soap Home and Away with a video camera, playing Bobby and Sophie Simpson, respectively. When the offer of a role on the serial came, George's parents convinced her to relocate from her native Perth to Sydney and she began lodging with families. George met with casting director Liz Mullinar and was subsequently cast in the role of Angel Parrish. She made her first on-screen appearance on 30 March 1993, arriving as a teenage runaway. While playing the role, George made property investments and wrote advice columns for two English teen magazines.

Her role earned her five consecutive Logie Award nominations, of which she won two. The character became popular among viewers when she was paired up with Shane Parrish, and to this day they remain one of the soap's most loved couples. George departed Home and Away on 30 August 1996. She then made a health and fitness video, Mind, Body and Soul (1996), created a sleepwear line called "An Angel at My Bedside", and had a recurring role on the short-lived 1997 Fox Broadcasting Company television fantasy drama series Roar, which was filmed in Queensland, opposite Heath Ledger. Her fearlessness in performing the show's stunts endeared her to the show's creator, Shaun Cassidy, who subsequently cast her as the female lead in the pilot Hollyweird. A show about "the adventures of an intrepid pair of friends from Ohio who take their love for the macabre and use it to solve crimes plaguing Los Angeles", she was to star alongside Bodhi Elfman and Fab Filippo. The pilot was ordered to series, however, the Fox Network's tinkering and delays frustrated Cassidy, who pulled out of the project, saying that Fox had forced him to spend "much of the last year trying to fix something I never viewed as broken in the first place." Ultimately, production never went ahead on the show. George then appeared on the cover and in a nude pictorial for the March 1997 issue of Australian Playboy.

In late 1997, George decided to relocate from Australia to the United States, hoping to establish a career in Hollywood. She recalled her first day arriving in Los Angeles: "I saw Jennifer Jason Leigh in a parking garage, and [later] the same night, I went to a restaurant and I walked into the toilet and opened the door, and Courtney Love was sitting on the loo." Within a year after relocating, George made her film debut in the critically acclaimed neo-noir science fiction film Dark City (1998).

1999–2008: Film breakthrough

After a supporting role in Steven Soderbergh's 1999 neo-noir crime film The Limey, she was cast in a supporting role, Cleo Miller, in the 2001 black comedy Sugar & Spice and had a minor role in David Lynch's critically acclaimed Mulholland Drive, which opened at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival. She starred in several unaired TV pilots, including the lead role in Lost in Oz, an original sequel to The Wizard of Oz, inspired by the Oz books of L. Frank Baum. After the pilot was filmed, a significant amount of time passed before the decision was made to film a second episode. However, by then George's contract had lapsed, and, as she had just moved to America, she didn't want to move back to Australia to shoot it. Ultimately, a second episode was never shot and the show was never picked up.

She starred in the short-lived ABC drama-comedy Thieves, co-starring John Stamos. She starred in the sixth season premiere of the WB series Charmed, had a minor role opposite Renée Zellweger and Ewan McGregor in the 2003 romantic comedy Down with Love and was originally cast as Susan Freeman in the American series Coupling based on the British series of the same name. After "an audition from hell", George was cast and filmed the pilot, but the network (NBC) then fired the writers and replaced George and her fellow castmembers Breckin Meyer and Emily Rutherfurd with Rena Sofer, Colin Ferguson and Sonya Walger, respectively. The series lasted only four episodes and show creator Steven Moffat blamed NBC's meddling as the reason for the show's failure, saying that they "fucked it up because they intervened endlessly." George later commented that she "dodged a bullet" by being replaced before the show aired.

I'm 2003, she had a role in two episodes of Friends, where she played Molly, the early babysitter for Ross and Rachel's baby, Emma. Also in 2003, she landed the role of Lauren Reed on the ABC television series Alias. She had auditioned to play lead character Sydney Bristow, but lost out to Jennifer Garner. When that happened, ABC cast her on Thieves instead. It was originally planned that George would guest-star for several episodes but she was quickly upgraded to regular. To explain her character's accent (George is Australian), the writers wrote that she was born in the United States but grew up in London. George left the show at the end of the third season, saying that "I got offered a couple of films so I decided to kind've [sic] move on."

Her first starring role in a feature film was Kathy Lutz in the 2005 remake of the 1979 horror film, The Amityville Horror. The film was not well received by critics, but was a major success at the worldwide box office, grossing over $108 million. Despite unfavorable reviews, Film Threat praised George and her co-star Ryan Reynolds's performances, stating that they "make a striking couple. Both young and extremely attractive" and that she "does an impeccable American accent, but otherwise she is unremarkable as Kathy Lutz. Her physical beauty is sometimes distracting, but not enough to keep the audience awed by her acting." That same year, she played Deanna Schine in the thriller Derailed, co-starring Clive Owen and Jennifer Aniston, playing the wife of a man embroiled in an affair.

In March 2006, it was announced that she had been cast in the NBC comedy-drama series Lipstick Jungle, based on the novel of the same name by Candace Bushnell. George was to play Nico Reilly, the editor-in-chief of Bonfire Magazine. However, the show underwent significant changes with George and other castmates being replaced and with executive producers DeAnn Heline and Eileen Heisler, writers Rand Ravich and Jill Gordon and director Nigel Cole all fired. George had been personally cast by Bushnell, but left in early 2007 when she was offered the HBO series In Treatment. Also in 2006, she travelled to Brazil to film the horror-thriller Turistas (released in the UK and Ireland as Paradise Lost) with Josh Duhamel and Olivia Wilde. Shooting lasted three months on what was the first Hollywood film to be shot entirely on location in Brazil and George, who learned to speak Spanish and Portuguese for the role, said that the experience "made me a better actress, more resilient, tougher."

In 2007, she landed the lead role, Christine, in the biographical drama Music Within, opposite Ron Livingston, which focused on a disability rights activist in Portland, Oregon. The film had a limited release. In an interview, she said that she "knew that Christine's a true character, and the woman responsible for Richard Pimentel's sort of success in a way. She was the driving force behind him and behind every good man is a good woman, and Christine was that woman." She starred in the British horror-thriller WΔZ, and had a prominent role in the film adaptation of 30 Days of Night, directed by David Slade and co-starring Josh Hartnett. The film was a modest success with an over $75 million worldwide gross.

2008–2018: Television and critical acclaim
George returned to television in 2008 in the HBO half-hour drama In Treatment, co-starring Gabriel Byrne and Dianne Wiest, receiving a 2009 Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries, or Television Film, and also received a nomination for "Best Actress" at the 2009 Australian Film Institute Awards.

In September 2008, George joined the cast of Grey's Anatomy for eleven episodes as Sadie Harris, a bisexual intern, but in January 2009 it was released that she was leaving the show in a mutual agreement with the producers. Also in 2008, she starred in the film The Betrayed, which was released at the San Diego Film Festival, and was released direct-to-video in the United States on 30 June 2009.

On 9 November 2009, it was announced that George would guest-star in at least two episodes of Fox's Lie to Me playing Clara Musso. George also received the lead role in the Australian-British mystery thriller by Chris Smith titled Triangle, which opened to positive reviews. George also starred in the British thriller film A Lonely Place to Die (2010), directed by Julian Gilbey. She climbed Ben Nevis mountain for her role in the film.

In November 2010, George was named the new face of L'Oréal Melbourne Fashion Festival. In 2012, George appeared as Rosie in the Australian TV series The Slap and as Sam Hunter in the British TV series Hunted, which was filmed over seven months in London, Scotland and Morocco. An American adaptation of the series, in which George again played the character Rosie, premièred on the NBC network in February 2015. A review of the U.S. series in The New York Times noted George's performance as "particularly beguiling ... As Rosie she is absurd, infuriating, sad and very funny."

In 2017, she was cast opposite Sean Penn in the television series The First (2018), created by Beau Willimon and filmed in New Orleans, Louisiana.

Other ventures
George is credited as the inventor of Style Snaps, a device intended to allow changing pant hem length without sewing. The product is marketed via direct response TV. She has stated that the invention earns her more money than her acting career.

Public image
In November 2012, while promoting the television series Hunted for The Sun-Herald television magazine in Australia, George was quoted as saying: "I don't need credibility from my country anymore, I just need them all to be quiet. If they have nothing intelligent to say, please don't speak to me anymore. I'd rather be having a croissant and a little espresso in Paris or walking my French bulldog in New York City." The response was purportedly spurred by George being tired of repeated questions about her role as Angel Parrish on Home and Awaythe role that had originally garnered her fame in Australiaas opposed to questions about her more recent projects. The publication of the article drew significant criticism, specifically from Australian publications. George would later say she was misquoted in the piece, and that the phrases had been "swapped around and put out of context": "I never said that at all. We were laughing and I never said anything negative about my country", she said.

In light of a publicised domestic violence dispute between George and her partner Jean-David Blanc in 2016, journalist Christine Sams, who had originally published the Sun-Herald article, wrote a public apology, in which she noted: "Many of those people attacking George have directly used those inane comments from my original interview (published years ago) to somehow justify her not receiving sympathy or help now. I just wanted to say sorry Melissa, you don't deserve it."

Personal life
In 1998, George met actor and film director Claudio Dabed in Bali. They married in 2000, and lived in Buenos Aires. In 2011, they announced their divorce.

In 2011, George met French entrepreneur Jean David Blanc (son of musician Serge Blanc), the founder of AlloCiné, at a BAFTA awards party. Together they have two sons, Raphaël (b. 2014) and Solal (b. 2015). In September 2016, George separated from Blanc following allegations of domestic abuse that purportedly occurred at their home in Paris. George was hospitalised with head and neck injuries, and both Blanc and George received domestic assault charges over the incident, with Blanc saying George instigated the confrontation. Blanc was ordered to pay George €1,000 in damages, and she €1 to him.

Shortly after the incident, George attempted to fly to the United States with the couple's two sons for a work arrangement, but was prevented from doing so by French authorities after Blanc alleged she was attempting to kidnap their children. George denied this, and said she had intended to return to France with the children after finishing the work engagement. In a 2017 interview on Sunday Night, George said she and Blanc had shared custody of the children, but that she felt trapped in France, unable to move freely between countries with her children; the custody arrangement made between the parties required that Blanc provide written consent before the couple's children were allowed to leave the country. She also alleged during the program that she believed Blanc had private detectives hired to follow her around Paris. Blanc denied George's allegations. In 2017, she stated she had resumed working in the United States, on the series The First, and flew between both countries to "spend the maximum time" with her children.

George became a naturalised American citizen in 2008.

Filmography

Film

Television

Awards and nominations

References

External links

20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from Perth, Western Australia
American child actresses
American film actresses
American soap opera actresses
American television actresses
American voice actresses
American video game actresses
Artistic roller skaters
Australian child actresses
Australian emigrants to the United States
Australian film actresses
Australian people of Scottish descent
Australian soap opera actresses
Australian voice actresses
Australian video game actresses
Living people
Logie Award winners
People with acquired American citizenship
Women inventors
Female roller skaters
Australian expatriate actresses in the United Kingdom
British child actresses
British film actresses
British soap opera actresses
British television actresses
British voice actresses
British video game actresses
1976 births
American expatriates in England
Australian expatriates in England

Melissa George


Pulchriphyllium giganteum, commonly known as the Giant Malaysian Leaf insect, is a species of leaf insects described from Malaysia by Hausleithner in 1984 and placed in the genus Pulchriphyllium since 2021. Pulchriphyllium giganteum is the largest species belonging to the genus Pulchriphyllium reaching 105 mm in size. They are found most abundantly in the west Malaysian tropics. The females typically have large elytra that lie edge to edge on the abdomen and tend to lack hind wings making them usually flightless. Males have small elytra and sometimes transparent non-leaflike functional hind wings. Pulchriphyllium giganteum found in the wild tend to be mostly females and the first male of this species was not found until 1994. In captivity, the species has primarily been observed to reproduce through parthenogenesis meaning the females are asexual. The primary reproductive pattern in the wild is unknown. Eggs tend to be brown or black and glossy and resemble seeds. They hatch around 6 months after breeding. Newly hatched young nymphs tend to be wingless and brown or reddish in color. They develop their green color after feeding on leaves. Both the adult and larval stages are phytophagous meaning they feed on plants. The main plant food sources for this species are oak and bramble tree leaves.

There are no known subspecies; this insect has proved to be popular for rearing in captivity.

Gallery

References

External links

Phylliidae
Insects described in 1984
Phasmatodea of Malesia

Pulchriphyllium giganteum


The Spectacular Now is a 2013 American romantic comedy-drama movie. Brie Larson plays Cassidy. Shailene Woodley plays Aimee. Mary Elizabeth Winstead plays Holly. Jennifer Jason Leigh plays Sara.

The movie got good review from the critics. The box office was also good.

2013 comedy-drama movies
2010s coming-of-age movies
2013 romantic comedy movies
2013 romantic drama movies

2010s teen drama movies
American comedy-drama movies
American coming-of-age movies
American romantic comedy movies
American romantic drama movies
American teen comedy movies
American teen drama movies
Coming-of-age comedy movies
Coming-of-age drama movies
Coming-of-age romance movies
2010s English-language movies
American independent movies

The Spectacular Now


In finance, a letter of transmittal is a type of cover letter that accompanies a document, such as a financial report or security certificate.

Within financial markets it is used by a security holder to accompany certificates surrendered in an exchange or  corporate action.

A Transmittal Letter is a business letter and is formatted accordingly, it should include the recipient's address,  sender's address, distribution list, a salutation and closing. It typically includes why it should receive the reader's consideration, and what the reader should do with it.  The transmittal letter provides the recipient with a specific context in which to place the larger document or certificate and simultaneously gives the sender a permanent record of having sent the material.

References

Securities (finance)
Letters (message)

Letter of transmittal


Jaan Kärner (27 May 1891 – 3 April 1958) was an Estonian poet and writer. He is known especially for his nature poetry. Many of his poems were set to music by Estonian composers of choral music. Kärner also wrote numerous novels, plays, works of literary criticism, and scientific literature and historical treatises. He translated works from German and Russian, most notably the poems of Heinrich Heine into Estonian in 1934.

Life and work
Jaan Kärner was born the son of a farmer, Kaarel Kärner and his wife Liis Kärner (née Terav). He had one brother, Johannes, and five sisters: Anna Marie, Emilie, Pauline, Ida and Alma and two half-brothers Aleksander and August. He attended Uderna school from 1901 to 1906 (Rõngu). From 1910 Kärner worked in various magazines in Tallinn. 1911/12 and 1914 he studied at the City People's University "AL Schanjawski" in Moscow. From 1917 Kärner was also politically active (first in the Estonian Socialist Revolutionary Party, later in the Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party) and in 1919 became editor of the trade union newspaper Töö hääl (Labor Voice). In 1919 he was elected to the Estonian Constituent Assembly.

Beginning in the early 1920s, Kärner worked as a freelance writer. From 1927 to 1929 he worked as an editor at the magazine Looming, and from 1936 to 1938 as an editor for the magazine Tänapäev. A left-winger, he supported the 1940 Communist seizure of power in Estonia. During the German occupation of Estonia during World War II Kärner lived in the Soviet Union. With the re-incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union in 1944, he returned to his homeland and worked in publishing as an editor at various newspapers and magazines. In 1946, Kärner descended into insanity and died in 1958 in Tartu.

He had one son, Ülo Kärner (born 1915–1941), through the marriage of his first wife Ida Kärner (née Kull) and two daughters, Eha (1919–1976) and Elo (1925–1991), with his second wife Hilda Anna Luise Kärner (née Luberg).

Works (selection)

Poetry collections
 Aja laulud (1921)
 Lõikuskuu (1925)
 Õitsev sügis (1926)
 Inimene ristteel (1932)
 Sõna-sütega (1936)
 Käidud teedelt (1939)
 Kodumaa käsk (1942)
 Viha, ainult viha (1944)

Romantic verse
 Bianka ja Ruth (1923)

Fiction
 Naine vaesest maailmast (1930)
 Soodoma kroonika (1934)
 Tõusev rahvas (2 volumes, 1936/1937)
 Pidu kestab (1938)

References

External links

1891 births
1958 deaths
People from Elva Parish
People from Kreis Dorpat
Estonian Socialist Revolutionary Party politicians
Estonian Independent Socialist Workers' Party politicians
Members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly
Members of the Estonian Constituent Assembly
20th-century Estonian poets
Estonian male poets
20th-century male writers
Looming (magazine) editors
Estonian magazine editors
Honoured Writers of the Estonian SSR

Jaan Kärner


In automatic firearms, burst mode or burst-fire is a firing mode enabling the shooter to fire a predetermined number of rounds, usually two or three rounds on hand held weapons to fifty or more rounds on autocannons, with a single pull of the trigger. This firing mode is commonly used in submachine guns and assault rifles. Other types of firearms, such as machine pistols, including the Heckler & Koch VP70 and Beretta 93R also have a burst mode.

The burst mode is normally employed as an intermediate fire mode between semi-automatic and fully automatic, although some firearms lack a "full auto" capability and use a burst mode instead. For instance, the M16A4 (the standard-issue service rifle of the USMC) has, in addition to the semi-automatic mode, a three-round burst mode, which replaced the fully automatic mode of the previous M16A1 and M16A3 models. The reason for this replacement was the massive waste of ammunition and very poor performance of soldiers who fired their rifles in fully automatic mode during the Vietnam War.

The number of rounds fired in a burst is almost universally determined by a cam mechanism that trips the trigger mechanism for each shot in the burst. Contrary to popular belief, or how it's often represented, squeezing the trigger once does not "commence" the burst. For the vast majority of burst fire weapons, the trigger must be held down for the full duration of the burst. Some designs, as employed on the M16 series, will terminate the burst if the trigger is released before the burst is complete, but keep the cam in position. Thus, the next time the trigger is pulled, the weapon will only fire one or two rounds. Other designs, such as the mechanism found on Heckler & Koch weapons, will reset the cam position. Thus, the next burst will still fire a full number of rounds.

Some firearms, like the AN-94, A0-63, and the G11 rifles have a feature in which rounds are fired in quick succession. This increases the burst's accuracy, as multiple rounds are fired before the recoil impulse has affected the shooter's aim (before the impulse is even transferred to the shooter, in the case of the G-11). This is performed by having the barrel slide back and receive another round in the chamber pulled by a pulley and is fired as the barrel slams at the bolt, when the first chambered round is fired when the sliding barrel is at rest, as opposed to a cam mechanism of the M16 design.

See also
 Selective fire
 Bump stock, an accessory designed to help simulate full-automatic fire with a semi-automatic firearm

References

Firearm actions

Burst mode (weapons)


Sir Kenneth Maddocks,  (8 February 1907 – 28 August 2001) was a British colonial official who served as Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Fiji from 1958 until 1963.

Life and career
Kenneth Phipson Maddocks was the son of a civil engineer from Coventry. He had relatives in government service scattered across India, Egypt, Canada, and Australia. His mother died of influenza in 1918. He was educated at Bromsgrove School and at Wadham College, Oxford, where he read Physics and rowed for his college.

He joined the Colonial Administrative Service in 1929 and was sent to northern Nigeria, for which he had expressed a preference, following in the footsteps of a brother who had joined the new Tanganyika Territory Service.

After barely a year in Kano Province, a district whose administration exemplified the British policy of indirect rule, he suddenly found himself posted to the "punishment" province of Benue - for seven years. There he became one of the few district officers to learn Tiv. But he never served in the Tiv language region again.

His next posting was to the relative comforts of Jos and the Plateau. Retained in the Nigerian service throughout World War II - against his wishes and despite the success of many of his colleagues in joining the Royal West African Frontier Force - he spent four years in the Lagos Secretariat.

In 1948 his experience and ability were such that the government in Kaduna asked him to collaborate on a report into the Native Administration structure in the Northern Provinces. This was intended to show how demand for local government, from both the new-look Colonial Office - now self-consciously rooted in democratic principles - and the younger ranks of Northern legislators, could best be implemented in the heartland of British indirect rule.

In 1951 he married Elnor, the daughter of Sir John Russell, Fellow of the Royal Society.

After a spell in the senior Residencies of first Kano and then Sokoto, Maddocks was promoted Civil Secretary in 1955. He became Deputy Governor in 1957, with spells in between as Officer Administering the Government of Northern Nigeria.

In 1958 he left to become Governor of Fiji. His governorship was marked by industrial disputes which led him to invoke his emergency powers and call in the military in support of the civil power. His health gave way, both in Suva and, en route home, in Venice.

He was awarded the title of Companion of St Michael and St George in 1956 and advanced to Knight Commander of St Michael and St George in 1958. He was made Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in 1963 at the time of the Queen's visit to the Pacific.

On leaving the Colonial Service in 1963, he spent five years as Director and Secretary of the East Africa and Mauritius Association, which provided a means of communication between the business world and the newly independent governments of East Africa.

His first wife Elnor died in 1976 and in 1980 he married Patricia, the widow of Sir George Mooring, formerly of the Nigerian Administrative Service and the last Resident of Zanzibar, 1960–1963. Maddocks had no children of his own, but had a large extended family who called him Uncle or Grandpa. He was an enthusiastic gardener, a hobby he continued on his return to Britain, where he lived first in Somerset and then in Suffolk.

In his second retirement, he produced two memoirs, both privately published. Bush Life in Nigeria (1978) was an account of the up-country experiences of Elnor when she was married to a district officer in the Nigerian Service before the war. Based on her letters home, the book was a vignette of outstation life in a seemingly time-warped rural northern Nigeria. Ten years later, encouraged by this success, he was persuaded to compile a straightforward narrative of his 35 years in the colonial service, Of No Fixed Abode.

References

1907 births
Alumni of Wadham College, Oxford
Governors of Fiji
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order
People educated at Bromsgrove School
2001 deaths
British expatriates in Nigeria

Kenneth Maddocks


was the 25th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  Historians consider details about the life of Emperor Buretsu to be possibly legendary, but probable.  The name Buretsu-tennō was created for him posthumously by later generations.

No certain dates can be assigned to this emperor's life or reign.  The conventionally accepted names and sequence of the early emperors were not to be confirmed as "traditional" until the reign of Emperor Kammu, who was the 50th monarch of the Yamato dynasty.

Traditional history
Buretsu was a son of Emperor Ninken.   Buretsu was childless; and he became been the last monarch of the first Imperial dynasty of Japan.

Events of Buretsu's life
Very little is known about the events of Buretsu's life and reign.  Only limited information is available for study prior to the reign of the 29th monarch, Emperor Kimmei.

As emperor, Buretsu is described as wicked in the Nihonshoki, but this assessment is not mirrored in the text of the Kojiki.

After his death
This emperor's official name after his death (his posthumous name) was regularized many centuries after the lifetime which was ascribed to Buretsu.

The kami of Emperor Buretsu was venerated at a Shinto shrine in Takaichi, Yamato province.

According to the Imperial Household Agency, the emperor's final resting place is in an earthen tumulus (kofun).  Buretsu  is venerated at a memorial Shinto shrine (misasagi) which is associated with the burial mound.

Related pages
 Emperor of Japan
 List of emperors of Japan
 Japanese imperial family tree
 Kofun period

References

Emperors of Japan

Emperor Buretsu


Botanists use three different words for sharp things on plants. They are thorns, spines, and prickles. Thorns are the ends of branches that are hard and sharp. Spines are hard structures with sharp ends. There are many different kinds of spines. Some are on leaves, and some grow instead of leaves. Prickles are on the outside of stems.

Spines, prickles, and thorns protect plants from plant-eating animals (defence against herbivory). Some plants and animals, such as the acacia tree and giraffe have evolved in response to each other. The plants grow very long spines and the animals develop very long tongues to reach past the spines and feed on the leaves.

Gallery

References

Esau, K. 1965. Plant Anatomy, 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons. 767 pp.
Llamas, K. A. 2003. Tropical Flowering Plants. Timber Press, Portland. 423 pp.

Plant anatomy

Thorns, spines and prickles


Amir Kertes (; April 1964 - January 1, 2018) was an Israeli musician and singer.

Biography
Kertes is the lead singer and songwriter of the rock band Ra'ash (רעש). Ra'ash released their debut album Noise Only Noise. N. (רעש רק רעש. ק.) in 1994 to critical acclaim. Kertes wrote and sang most of the songs on the album, although the songs that were written and sung by the second singer Jonnie Shualy gained more popularity.

In 1995 Kertes and all of the members of Ra'ash participated in recording of Shualy's first solo album The Thousand and One (האלף ואחד).

In 1996 Ra'ash released their second album, "Tmimot" (תמימות) . All of the album was written and sung by Kertes. The group appeared on the TV and two songs received limited TV and radio play, but the sales were low. In the same year Kertes played in an album by the popular Israeli singer Yael Levi, which Shualy produced.

At that time Kertes moved from Tel-Aviv to Ezuz, a small moshav in the Negev desert.

In 1998 all members of Ra'ash played on the debut album of Adi Ran (עדי רן), a baal teshuva. The album became popular mostly in the Jewish religious communities.

In 2000 Ra'ash released their last album as a band, Ani Ze Lo' Ata (אני זה לא אתה). Singing and songwriting on this record were roughly divided between Kertes and Shualy. The album received positive reviews, but the band went on an indefinite hiatus shortly after its release.

In 2001 Ra'ash played their last show as a band at a two-day festival of Nana Disc artists.

In 2003 Kertes released his first solo album, Yellow Sea (ים צהוב).

Death
On January 1, 2018, Kertes died at the age of 53 from lung cancer. He was interred at Yarkon Cemetery.

External links
 Former rocker finds a quieter studio - Jerusalem Post
 Sounds of the 'yellow sea' - Jerusalem Post

1964 births
2018 deaths
21st-century Israeli male singers
20th-century Israeli male singers
Israeli male composers
Deaths from lung cancer in Israel
Burials at Yarkon Cemetery

Amir Kertes