, better known by his ring name , is a Japanese professional wrestler currently signed to Dragon Gate. He is not related to fellow Dragon Gate wrestler and long term ally/rival Masaaki Mochizuki, who debuted much earlier for WAR.

Professional wrestling career

Mexico
After a brief stay in the Michinoku Pro Wrestling dojo, he entered Ultimo Dragon's dojo in Mexico. He debuted in 1998 as a third term student. He and Yasushi Kanda formed a tag team there, and they found success, winning the IWRG Intercontinental Tag Team Championship. They would hold these titles upon their arrival in Toryumon.

Toryumon / Dragon Gate

M2K
He and Kanda debuted in Toryumon as a heel team, causing mayhem in matches and frequently forcing double countouts to disappoint fans and ruin shows. They were invited to join the legendary Crazy Max stable and accepted, but turned on them later that same night. A few months later they were joined by Masaaki Mochizuki, and they dubbed themselves M2K (meaning two Mochizukis and Kanda). They added Darkness Dragon, Chocoball Kobe, and Genki Horiguchi to their ranks over time (Horiguchi replaced Kobe).

On December 15, 2002, he won his first singles title when he topped Kenichiro Arai for the NWA World Welterweight Title, but six days later he was stripped of the belt because he won it due to outside interference. He won it a second time from Arai cleanly on May 27 of the following year, but lost it to Ryo Saito on September 30. He also had two reigns as UWA World Trios Champion, the first time with Kanda and Dragon in July, and the second with Dragon and Masaaki Mochizuki in October.

After Masaaki Mochizuki was kicked out of M2K early in 2002 for trying to reform it, Susumu Mochizuki challenged Masaaki Mochizuki to a match on February 24 for the rights to the Mochizuki surname. Susumu Mochizuki lost, and was forced to rename himself Susumu Yokosuka, after his home town.

Do FIXER
Magnum TOKYO would take over M2K, eventually transforming it into Do FIXER after Yasushi Kanda retired due to neck problems. Like all of his stablemates, he served as a backup dancer for Magnum TOKYO. During this time, Yokosuka formed a long lasting tag team with K-ness (formerly known as Darkness Dragon), and continued to establish himself as a choker. He and K-ness would make it to the finals of the inaugural Rey de Parejas Tournament in 2003, but lost to Dotti Shuji and Brother Yasshi. Also in 2003, he captured the UWA World Trios Championship for a third time that year in May with Genki Horiguchi and Ryo Saito.

Final M2K
Things remained quiet for him until July 7, 2004. After Masaaki Mochizuki was kicked out of Aagan Iisou, he reconciled with him, Second Doi, and Kenichiro Arai, and after K-ness returned from a stint of injury, the five of them would form Final M2K. This caused him to depart from Do FIXER. On September 17, 2004, Yokosuka faced CIMA for CIMA's Open The Dream Gate title, but was unsuccessful in his challenge. 2005 was another quiet but steady year, and he finally began to shake the choke artist stigma. He made it to the finals of that year's King of Gate Tournament, but he lost to Ryo Saito.

2006 saw him finally emerge as a top line player. On April 23, he usurped Ryo Saito as Open the Dream Gate Champion, and soon after, Mochizuki named him the leader of Final M2K so he could join Magnum TOKYO in his short-lived Renaissance project. However, he did not reach the status of ace, and his title reign became overshadowed by other events in the promotion. He had successful defenses against BxB Hulk, Dragon Kid and Pentagon Black. On November 23, he lost the title to Don Fujii in his fourth defense, and on January 14, 2007, Final M2K was brought to an end after he, Mochizuki, and K-ness lost a match to CIMA, Don Fujii and Matt Sydal of the also-ending Blood Generation.

Typhoon
He would soon join CIMA in his new Typhoon unit, and he reunited with Ryo Saito in it, and they formed the RyoSuka tag team. This tandem brought him success, as he and Saito would win the WAR I-J Heavyweight Tag Team Titles in July and had two reigns as Open the Triangle Gate Champions with CIMA.

In 2008, he and Saito added another title to their list of accolades, winning the Open the Twin Gate Championship from Kenichiro Arai and Taku Iwasa on May 5. They defended it three times before losing to inaugural champions Speed Muscle – Naruki Doi and Masato Yoshino – on September 26. In the interim, Shingo Takagi joined Typhoon, and he was the only member who did not take well to it, creating some dissention. He fought Takagi for his Open the Dream Gate title, but lost. After that, Takagi was booted from Typhoon for trying to banish Yokosuka and for attacking CIMA. The rest of the year remained quiet for him up until the end, when he, Ryo Saito and Dragon Kid lost a Unit Split Survival Three-Way Nine-Man Tag Match against teams from World-1 and Real Hazard.

WARRIORS-5

He continued his team with Saito, and they were given a shot at the Open the Twin Gate titles held by YAMATO and Cyber Kong on February 15, 2009. However, near the end of the match, Saito turned on him, causing him to take the fall, and joined up with Real Hazard. Ryo and the rest of Real Hazard then proceeded to beat him up until Gamma came down to make the save. He began to team with Gamma, and they were given a shot at YAMATO and Kong's Twin Gate titles on March 1, but with the added stipulation that Gamma would be banished from Dragon Gate if he lost. However, he and Gamma pulled through and won the titles after some assistance from Real Hazard member KAGETORA, and after that, a returning CIMA brought them and KAGETORA into his new stable WARRIORS-5. They would hold the titles until May 5, when they lost them to Ryo Saito and Genki Horiguchi in a Three-Way Match that also included Kenichiro Arai and Yasushi Kanda. On October 25, Yokosuka challenged Naruki Doi for his Open the Dream Gate title. Leading up to the match, Yokosuka used Doi's finisher, the Muscular Bomb, to pin his opponents, and also vowed that he would not be pinned due to the Muscular Bomb. Despite Yokosuka successfully blocking Doi from using the Muscular Bomb and hitting Doi with a Muscular Bomb himself, Doi still pinned Yokosuka with the V9 Clutch to retain the title.

In November, he began to mysteriously associate himself with Real Hazard member Dr. Muscle. The first incident with him came on the 11th: Gamma cost Yokosuka a match against Ryo Saito when he tried to throw protein powder into Saito's eyes and it hit Susumu instead, allowing him to be pinned. After the match, Yokosuka left with Dr. Muscle. On the 14th, Dr. Muscle drew Yokosuka's attention away from a tag match that he and Gamma were in against Naruki Doi and BxB Hulk, causing them to lose. After the match, Yokosuka attacked Hulk with a Jumbo no Kachi! and then left with Dr. Muscle again. Following this, Dr. Muscle began to exhibit moves from Yokosuka's moveset, which continued over the course of the next couple of weeks. On the 23rd, Yokosuka blew off CIMA and Gamma after winning a match, and later on that night, Gamma tried to unmask Dr. Muscle, but the Doctor escaped.

Finally, on December 3, Yokosuka's true colors became known: After he no-showed for a tag team match he had with KAGETORA against Ryo Saito and Genki Horiguchi, causing KAGETORA to lose, Dr. Muscle came out and struck down KAGETORA with a Mugen and Jumbo no Kachi!, then unmasked to reveal himself to be Yokosuka. He joined Saito and Horiguchi in beating down KAGETORA some more before CIMA and Gamma stopped him, and he officially joined Real Hazard and reformed his team with Saito. On December 6, he faced BxB Hulk for his Open the Freedom Gate title, but lost the title match.

Real Hazard
Saito and Yokosuka's reunion was quickly derailed, however, when Ryo suffered a ruptured Achilles tendon on December 15, sidelining him. An unknown new member of Real Hazard was then scheduled to take Saito's place in all of his matches for the remainder of the tour, and five days later, it was revealed to be K-ness. He and Yokosuka reformed their "K-neSuka" team straight away.

On January 10, 2010, Genki Horiguchi announced that Real Hazard would start winning matches through teamwork rather than illegal tactics. He initially started out alone on this mission, but six days later, Yokosuka and K-ness decided to help him in his pursuit of clean fights. However, they all found themselves on the losing end of trios matches, with Horiguchi taking the fall every time, and a divide formed in Real Hazard over the clean fights issue, with them on one side and Yasushi Kanda, Kzy, and Takuya Sugawara - who wanted to win through illegal methods - on the other. On February 10, after KAGETORA accidentally cost Sugawara a shot at becoming the next challenger for the Open the Dream Gate Title, tensions boiled over. Yokosuka and K-ness left Real Hazard, along with Horiguchi. K-neSuka also agreed to stop teaming with Horiguchi, since they all did not like how Horiguchi was losing constantly, and they all felt that that was preventing K-neSuka from getting to the top of the tag team division. On May 13, 2010, Yokosuka and K-ness defeated Cyber Kong and Shingo Takagi to win the Open the Twin Gate Championship. After the longest reign in the title's history, with four successful defenses, Yokosuka and K-ness lost the Open the Twin Gate Championship to Gamma and Naruki Doi on November 23, 2010.

WORLD-1
On December 4 Yokouska and K-ness joined WORLD-1. On April 14, 2011, Yokosuka, BxB Hulk and PAC failed to win the Open the Triangle Gate Championship from Blood Warriors (CIMA, Dragon Kid and Ricochet) and as a result World-1 was forced to disband.

Junction Three
On April 24 former World-1 members Yokosuka, BxB Hulk, PAC and Masato Yoshino agreed to form a new alliance with Masaaki Mochizuki to battle Blood Warriors. On June 8, the new group was named Junction Three in reference to it being a union between the former members of World-1, KAMIKAZE and the Veteran-gun. On December 1, Yokosuka and KAGETORA failed to capture the Open the Twin Gate Championship in a match against the Blood Warriors team of Akira Tozawa and BxB Hulk and as a result were forced to change their ring names to Jimmy Susumu and Jimmy KAGETORA, respectively. On February 9, 2012, Junction Three was forced to disband, after losing a fourteen-man elimination tag team match to Blood Warriors.

Jimmyz
On March 3, Susumu formed the Jimmyz stable with Genki Horiguchi H-A-Gee-Mee, Jimmy Kanda, Ryo "Jimmy" Saito and Jimmy KAGETORA. The following day, Susumu and KAGETORA defeated Akira Tozawa and BxB Hulk to win the Open the Twin Gate Championship. They lost the title to BxB Hulk and "Naoki Tanisaki" on June 10, but regained them on June 17 in a 3-way Elimination tag team match which also included MadoGiwa Windows members K-ness & Kenichiro Arai.  They would lose the Twin Gate belts to -akatushi- members Shingo Takagi and YAMATO at the Kobe Pro-Wrestling PPV on July 22, 2012. On May 31, 2014, Susumu defeated T-Hawk in the finals to win the 2014 King of Gate tournament. On February 14, 2016, Susumu would defeat Shingo Takagi to win his second Open the Dream Gate Championship, ending his ten-year drought of holding a singles championship with the promotion. He would drop the title back to Takagi on March 6. On June 19, Susumu and Jimmy Kagetora defeated T-Hawk and Big R Shimizu to win the Open the Twin Gate Championship.

Action Zone Wrestling
Susumu Yokosuka made his Hawaii debut on September 5, 2007 losing to stablemate Dragon Kid. The match was voted AZW Match of the Year for 2007. Susumu returned to AZW on January 7, 2008, where he defeated AZW wrestler Kaniala.

Dragon Gate USA
On Dragon Gate USA's first pay-per-view Enter the Dragon, first aired on September 4, 2009, Yokosuka teamed with CIMA in a losing effort against The Young Bucks. On March 27, 2010, at Mercury Rising, Yokosuka unsuccessfully challenged YAMATO for his Open the Dream Gate title.

Championships and accomplishments
All Japan Pro Wrestling
World Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
World Junior Heavyweight Championship Tournament (2020)
Dragon Gate
I-J Heavyweight Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Ryo Saito
Open the Dream Gate Championship (2 times)
Open the Brave Gate Championship (1 time)
Open the Triangle Gate Championship (10 times) – with CIMA and Ryo Saito (2), K-ness. and Masaaki Mochizuki (1), Mr. Kyu Kyu Naoki Tanizaki Toyonaka Dolphin and Ryo "Jimmy" Saito (1), Jimmy Kanda and Mr. Kyu Kyu Naoki Tanizaki Toyonaka Dolphin (1), Genki Horiguchi H.A.Gee.Mee!! and Ryo "Jimmy" Saito (1), Genki Horiguchi H.A.Gee.Mee!! and Jimmy Kagetora (1), Jimmy Kanda and Ryo "Jimmy" Saito (1) and Kzy and Genki Horiguchi (2)
Open the Twin Gate Championship (7 times, current) – with Ryo Saito (1), Gamma (1), K-ness. (1), King Shimizu (1, current) and Jimmy Kagetora (3)
King of Gate (2014)
Summer Adventure Tag League (2014) – with Jimmy Kagetora
Summer Adventure Tag League (2015) – with Jimmy K-ness J.K.S.
Sixth Triple Crown Champion
Sixth Grand Slam Champion
International Wrestling Revolution Group
IWRG Intercontinental Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Yasushi Kanda
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 139 of the top 500 wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2012
Pro Wrestling Zero1
NWA International Lightweight Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Jimmy Kagetora
Toryumon Japan
NWA World Welterweight Championship (2 times)
UWA World Trios Championship (3 times) – with Yasushi Kanda and Darkness Dragon (1), Masaaki Mochizuki and Darkness Dragon (1) and Genki Horiguchi and Ryo Saito (1)

Footnotes

References

External links
 DGUSA Profile

1978 births
20th-century professional wrestlers
21st-century professional wrestlers
Japanese male professional wrestlers
Living people
People from Yokosuka, Kanagawa
World Junior Heavyweight Champions (AJPW)
NWA World Welterweight Champions
UWA World Trios Champions
Open the Dream Gate Champions
Open the Brave Gate Champions
Open the Twin Gate Champions
Open the Triangle Gate Champions
International Junior Heavyweight Tag Team Champions

Susumu Yokosuka


William Errington (17 July 1716 – 28 September 1768) was an English Roman Catholic priest, and founder of Sedgley Park School.

Life

He was son of Mark Errington of Wiltshire, a descendant of the Erringtons of Walwick Grange, Northumberland; his mother's maiden name was Martha Baker. In 1737 he went to Douai, took the mission oath 28 December 1741, and was ordained a priest in December, 1747. If he acted as professor at Douai after his ordination, as is generally stated, it could only have been for a very short time, as he left there for England, 26 March 1748.

On arrival in London he took up his residence with Bishop Richard Challoner, then coadjutor to Bishop Benjamin Petre. Kirk states that Dr. Challoner "had a high opinion of Mr. Errington, both as an active and zealous missionary and as a man of business". It was on account of these qualities that when the bishop wished to found a good school in England he induced Errington to undertake the work.

Errington made three unsuccessful attempts, the first in Buckinghamshire, the second in Wales, and the third at Betley near Newcastle-under-Lyne, in Staffordshire, before he succeeded in founding a permanent school at Sedgley Park in the neighbourhood of Wolverhampton. On Lady-Day, 1763, he opened this school with twelve boys brought in covered wagon from Betley. The mansion, known as the Park Hall, was till then the residence of John, Lord Ward, afterwards Viscount Dudley and Ward. The foundation was at once attacked in Parliament, but Lord Dudley successfully defended himself.

The school was not interfered with; it developed into the Sedgley Park School which existed for over a century, and was  succeeded by St. Wilfrid's College, Oakmoor, near Cheadle. Having founded the school, Errington's work there was done, and as soon as he secured the appointment of the Rev. Hugh Kendall as head-master in May, 1763, he returned to Bishop Challoner in London. He was appointed archdeacon and treasurer of the Old Chapter and held these offices till his death.

References

Attribution

1716 births
1768 deaths
18th-century English Roman Catholic priests

William Errington (priest)


Duncan Ferguson (January 1, 1901 – April 29, 1974) was an American sculptor and political activist.

Childhood and education
His father, John Calvin Ferguson (1866–1945) had taken a degree in theology from Boston University before he went to China in 1887 on behalf of the Methodist Episcopal Church to establish the University of Nanking and became its first president. John Calvin Ferguson became an expert on Chinese art, and the owner and publisher of two Shanghai newspapers, Sin Wan Pao and The Shanghai Times, while his career extended into the area of Chinese government service. From 1907 Ferguson and his seven siblings divided their time between China and Newton, Massachusetts. Duncan Ferguson was educated at colleges in Rhode Island and Massachusetts. He did some studies in economics and English literature at Harvard University.

First marriage
Ferguson left Brown University where he had received a teaching appointment in the English Department and instead took a position in Harvard's Fine Arts Department. Around this time Ferguson married Mary Manley; they separated in 1926, and later divorced.

Museum exhibits
Following a psychological crisis (in 1924 he attempted suicide and was hospitalized; in his later life he sometimes would exhibit suicidal behaviour and threaten suicide) he eventually became established as a sculptor of distinction, creating a large number of works of sculpture always remarkable for their classical serenity and great individuality. He settled in New York and his works were displayed at the Brooklyn Museum, the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum, among other venues. In 1929, a one-man art show at Halpert's Downtown Gallery marked the zenith of his New York period.

In 1931 he married his second wife, Alice Decker; this marriage, however, ended when she left him in 1936. In the mid-1930s, he began an academic career joining Louisiana State University, becoming instructor first, then assistant professor (sculpture, wood carving, stone cutting). At that time he also received a series of commissions occupying him with architectural sculpture such as reliefs.

Political radicalization
In 1939, he underwent some fundamental transformations in political thinking, social behaviour and personal habits. He became radicalized and labelled himself a Trotskyist. Ferguson would go on to translate, among other writings, Trotsky's
Nationalized Industry and Workers' Management (written in 1938).

He left New Orleans, where he had married his third wife, Demila Sanders, and moved to Gambier, Ohio. At the end of 1941 Demila went to New York, shortly thereafter Ferguson arrived there, and they took a loft on West 21st Street in Manhattan, New York. Demila and Duncan Ferguson met with such Socialist Workers Party (SWP) leaders as J. Cannon, A. Goldman and F. Morrow. After having rejected the offer to become chairman of the Arts Department of Queens College, he found employment at the Crucible Steel plant where he worked as a lathe operator. He became a union shop steward and a delegate to the SWP's national conventions.

In January 1944 the Fergusons went to Mexico on behalf of the SWP in order to  care for Leon Trotsky's widow, Natalia Sedova, who continued to live in the house Coyoacán, a suburb of Mexico City, where Trotsky had been assassinated in August 1940. Demila complained about the conditions in Mexico and left at the end of 1944; Ferguson followed her to New York. For many years he was an active SWP member, writing articles under pseudonyms and doing translations from French language material. In the 1940s he was a member of the National Committee of the Civil Rights Committee, for several years he ran Pioneer Publishers (the SWP publishing house) and from 1956 to 1958 he was managing editor of the International Socialist Review, the theoretical journal of the SWP. Later he was a member of the National Control Commission of the SWP.

Among the few pieces of sculpture, which Ferguson completed after becoming chiefly a party worker, were busts of Trotsky and James P. Cannon. Demila ultimately left her husband and, after a period of depression, Ferguson began an affair with Laura Slobe, an artist and member of the SWP. Their affair ended after a few years and she died in 1958. By the mid-1950s Ferguson's health worsened, so that he had to abandon his job and live off dividends from stock left to him by his father, who had died in 1945.

Last marriage

He remarried, this time to Cleo Bell, a ceramist, and became committed to making some artistic comeback. In the meanwhile he had settled in Cleveland where he advanced to a new and final stage in his effort to unify his political and artistic lives. Troubles in his personal life continued and his relationship with Cleo also ended in divorce.

Last years and death
In the 1960s he suffered a large stroke followed by some small ones, causing severe neurological problems. He spent his last years of life partly in Cleveland, partly in Southern California.

In 1973 he discovered that he had advanced cancer. He went to California for treatment. He slipped into a coma and died in a nursing home at Santa Monica, California on April 29, 1974, aged 73.

Ferguson's papers are kept at the Archives of American Art of the Smithsonian Institution.

References

External links
 Trotskyana
Green Left
ernestmandel.org

1901 births
1974 deaths
Artists from Shanghai
Members of the Socialist Workers Party (United States)
American activists
20th-century American educators
Deaths from cancer in California
Harvard University alumni
Harvard University faculty
People from Greater Los Angeles
People from Greater Boston
Artists from Cleveland
Sculptors from Massachusetts
Sculptors from California
Artists from New York City
20th-century American sculptors
20th-century male artists
American male sculptors
Boston University School of Theology alumni
Sculptors from New York (state)
Sculptors from Ohio

Duncan Ferguson (political activist)


Spearfish may refer to:

Places
Spearfish, South Dakota, United States
North Spearfish, South Dakota, United States
Spearfish Formation, a geologic formation in the United States

Biology
 Tetrapturus, a genus of marlin with shorter rostrum (a.k.a. snout or bill) and stunted sail behind the dorsal fin
Longbill spearfish, native to the Atlantic Ocean
Mediterranean spearfish, native to the Mediterranean Sea
Shortbill spearfish, native to the Indo-Pacific
Roundscale spearfish, native to the Eastern Atlantic to the western Mediterranean
Spearfish remora, a species of remora found around the world in tropical and subtropical seas
Spearfish Fisheries Center, one of 70 fish hatcheries as part of the National Fish Hatchery System of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service

Military
Spearfish torpedo, or simply Spearfish, is a modern torpedo built by GEC-Marconi
Fairey Spearfish, a prototype dive bomber of the immediate post World War II period
HMS Spearfish (69S), a 1936 British S-class submarine lost in World War II
USS Spearfish (SS-190), a US submarine in World War II

Spearfish


Elenowen is an American singer-songwriter/folk rock musical duo, composed of married couple Josh and Nicole Johnson. Elenowen released their debut album, Pulling Back The Veil. In 2011, the duo also appeared on the first season of NBC's The Voice. The duo followed up with a 5-song self-titled EP, released May 2012.

Biography

The duo released their first album, Pulling Back The Veil, in 2010. The tracks on Pulling Back The Veil are inspired by the couple's own relationship. "The first year of marriage had major ups and downs for us, and gave us a lot of inspiration to write", said Nicole.

Josh and Nicole began filming impromptu performances in their small basement apartment, with the resulting clips – called 'The Basement Sessions' – quickly garnering a following on YouTube and the No Depression website.

In 2011, Elenowen made their national television debut on the premiere season of NBC's The Voice. Elenowen followed up this success with a 5-song self-titled EP in 2012 (Dualtone Records). The couple teamed up with acclaimed songwriter Trent Dabbs and co-producer Phillip LaRue to help pen tracks for the EP. The single "Honey Come Home" also reached #1 on the iTunes Singer-songwriter charts.

Songs from Pulling Back The Veil were featured on popular TV programs "One Tree Hill", MTV's "World of Jenks",  Army Wives, and CW's Reign. "Run" (a single written with LaRue) was used in One Tree Hill season 9. Another single, "No Such Thing as Time", was featured in Pretty Little Liars season 3 and One Tree Hill season 9. "Bittersweet" (from the 2012 EP) was included on the first season of NBC's Reign. "The Place From Where I Fell" was featured in "You Me Her" season 1. "Hiding Place" was included in Global TV's "Private Eyes".

Elenowen released their third studio album "For the Taking" on January 20, 2015. "For the Taking" was the duo's first release with Ready. Set. Records! and was co-produced by Jeremy Bose and Trent Dabbs.

Discography

Albums

Singles

References

American folk rock groups
Folk rock duos
Married couples
The Voice (franchise) contestants

Elenowen


The Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor is a general hospital managed under a public–private partnership model, located at the neighborhood of Santa Eugenia,in the Villa de Vallecas district in Madrid, Spain. It is part of the network of hospitals of the Servicio Madrileño de Salud (SERMAS).

It is one of the healthcare institutions associated to the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) for the purpose of clinical internship.

History
It was opened on 29 February 2008. Featuring a built surface of  square metres, it has 264 hospitalary beds and 11 operating rooms.

It became a centre directly managed by the SERMAS in 2016.

In 2017 the Hospital Virgen de la Torre became part of the organization of the Infanta Leonor from a legal standpoint. In 2019, DIF, a Dutch investment fund, acquired the whole hospital.

Its medical emergency services collapsed in March 2020, during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, with patients lying on the floor of the hospital corridors.

References

Villa de Vallecas
Infanta Leonor
2008 establishments in Spain
Hospital buildings completed in 2008

Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor


Franke Jon Previte (born May 2, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, and Academy Award-winning composer. He was the lead singer of the 1980s pop rock band Franke and the Knockouts.

Biography
Born and raised in New Brunswick, New Jersey to Franke Previte Sr. (an opera singer), Previte was with the New Jersey rock quintet Franke and the Knockouts as the singer and songwriter. Previously he had sung with the Oxford Watch Band and Bull Angus.

Franke and the Knockouts were signed by Millennium Records in 1981 and had three U.S. Top 40 singles, as well as two Top 50 albums. Their biggest single, "Sweetheart", was written by Previte and Knockout guitarist Billy Elworthy, and became a Top 10 hit in 1981. The group's other two Top 40 hits were "You're My Girl" and "Without You (Not Another Lonely Night)".

The band switched to MCA Records in 1984, and split up around 1986. Previte co-wrote music for the hit soundtrack for the 1987 movie Dirty Dancing, including "(I've Had) The Time of My Life," and Eric Carmen's hit "Hungry Eyes".

Awards
Academy Award for Best Achievement in Music; Best Song for 1987 for Dirty Dancing'''s "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" with co-composers John DeNicola and Donald Markowitz.

That same year Previte also received a Golden Globe and a Grammy nomination. "(I've Had) The Time of My Life" also won the ASCAP song of the year award. In 2014, the song was chosen as one of ASCAP's top 100 songs ever written, landing at number 15.

Previte was chosen as one of America's top 25 songwriters to represent the US in a songwriter summit in the USSR, which resulted in a release of an album called Music Speaks Louder Than Words'' in 1990.

Today, Previte helps raise money for the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network charity in Patrick Swayze's honor. He continues to raise money for the charity with his new band, The Brotherhood. "If you're a songwriter then you're in the Brotherhood," said Previte.

See also
 Dirty Dancing soundtrack

References

Living people
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Golden Globe Award-winning musicians
Songwriters from New Jersey
American male composers
21st-century American composers
Musicians from New Brunswick, New Jersey
1946 births
21st-century American male musicians
American male songwriters

Franke Previte


William Wister Haines (September 17, 1908 – November 18, 1989) was an American author, screenwriter, and playwright. His most notable work, Command Decision, was published as a novel, play, and screenplay following World War II.

Personal history
Haines was born in Des Moines, Iowa in 1908, one of three sons of Diedrich Jansen Haines and Ella Wister Haines. His father, the grandson of Reuben Haines III, worked as vice president of a surety bond company, Southern Surety Company of Iowa, and his mother was a notable author of mysteries and serialized stories, many of which appeared in The Des Moines Register. His uncle, Owen Wister, authored the 1902 novel The Virginian, which popularized the genre of Western fiction, and later became both a successful film and television series.

Haines was educated at the Scholta-Nollen School, the Culver Military Academy, and Des Moines' Theodore Roosevelt High School, from which he graduated in 1926. He attended the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1931 with a degree in engineering. Unable to find employment as an engineer during the Great Depression, he worked nights as an electric lineman on a railroad running between Chicago and the Eastern Seaboard.  His experience as a lineman became the basis for his first two books, Slim and High Tension.

Haines joined the United States Army Air Forces in early 1942, going to the United Kingdom as an intelligence officer with the U.S. Eighth Air Force. Haines served nearly three years in Britain, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel on the staff of the U.S. Strategic Air Forces Europe, where he worked on the Ultra Project.

In 1934, Haines married Frances Tuckerman and had two children, William Jr. and Laura. Haines retired in Laguna Niguel, in Southern California.

Haines died on November 18, 1989, of a stroke while on a cruise ship near Acapulco. He was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.

Works
Slim, published in 1934, won him critical and popular acclaim as a writer.  The novel was part adventure tale, part social commentary, and part-time capsule of the Great Depression, notable for its realism and its on-target portrayal of working class attitudes and language during that period.  Slim continues to have an audience today and is a sought-after book, especially among utility linemen and railfans.  In 1937, the novel was made into the movie Slim starring Henry Fonda, with Haines writing the screenplay.  The illustrations for the hardcover of Slim were by Robert Lawson and do not appear in the paperback releases.

His next novel, High Tension (1938), was a critical success but less successful financially. His novel The Winter War (1961), about the 1877 winter campaign of the U.S. Army against the Sioux in Montana, was at the time of its publication a popular western and was awarded the Spur Award of the Western Writers of America. He also published a non-fiction book, Ultra in 1980, also based on his World War II experiences as an intelligence officer. His other books were The Honorable Rocky Slade (1955), Target (1964), and The Image (1968).

His filmography credits are Alibi Ike (1935), Man of Iron (1935), Black Legion (1937), Slim (1937), Mr. Dodd Takes the Air (1937), Submarine D-1 (1937), The Texans (1938), Beyond Glory (1948), Command Decision (1948), The Racket (1951), One Minute to Zero (1952), The Eternal Sea (1955), The Wings of Eagles (1957), and Torpedo Run (1958).

Haines was a member of the Authors Guild and the Dramatists Guild of America. He also contributed various articles and stories to magazines. His short story "Remarks-None" was published in the railroad story anthology Headlights and Markers in 1968.

Command Decision
While in Europe, Haines began writing a stage play, Command Decision, based on his 8th Air Force experiences, but was unable to sell it. Many producers rejected it, feeling it followed too closely the war's end to have popular appeal. A publisher suggested he write it as a novel, which first appeared as a four-part serial in The Atlantic Monthly between October 1946 and 1947. In January 1947, the first edition of Command Decision brought Haines critical and popular acclaim.  The success of the novel revived the play, which ran for 409 performances on Broadway between October 1947 and September 1948.

In May 1947 Haines reached a deal with MGM Studios to sell it the film rights for $100,000, with an additional promise of 15% of the play's weekly gross (or approximately $300,000) if the play opened by October 1947.

Command Decision as a feature film starring Clark Gable premiered in December 1948.  The film and book have been called the first important work of fiction about World War II.  They differ from most of the prior war-themed works from that period, which stressed the experiences of average citizens forced to go to war, in that Command Decision explores the pressures of leadership, political in-fighting, moral conflicts, and psychological effects rather than glamorizing combat, and frankly admitting the high losses in men and materiel that characterized air combat. It also takes a "warts and all" approach to the conduct of some U.S. military leaders, depicting occasional propaganda misrepresentations, personal ambitions, opportunism, and information clampdowns in the name of security. The protagonist of the story is a general who must choose between submitting to public relations demands and doing what must be done to defeat Germany.  He chooses the latter and is relieved of his command for it, leading to the death of his closest friend in the process.

References

"William Wister Haines", Famous Iowans, Des Moines Register

1908 births
1989 deaths
American male screenwriters
United States Army Air Forces officers
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
Writers from Des Moines, Iowa
People from Laguna Niguel, California
Screenwriters from California
Screenwriters from Iowa
Culver Academies alumni
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American screenwriters
United States Army colonels
Theodore Roosevelt High School (Iowa) alumni
Military personnel from California
Military personnel from Iowa
Burials at Oak Hill Cemetery (Washington, D.C.)

William Wister Haines


The following is a list of Wikipedia articles relating to  virtual printer software:

Free software
The following are distributed under free software licences:
CC PDF Converter (discontinued) – A Ghostscript-based virtual printer, provided by CogniView.
cups-pdf – An open source Ghostscript-based virtual printer that can be shared with Windows users over the LAN.  CUPS
Ghostscript – A command-line library for creation of PostScript and PDF files.
RedMon – Redirects a special printer port to the standard input of another program

Freeware
The following are proprietary software but free of charge:

Virtual PDF printers
Virtual PDF printers for Microsoft Windows:
 Bullzip PDF Printer – there is a free version
 CutePDF
 DoPDF – this is a simplified version of NovaPDF
 PDFCreator – a Ghostscript-based virtual printer for Microsoft Windows, with user interface for advanced options (security settings, combining multiple documents, etc.).
 PrimoPDF
 Print To PDF - ships with Windows 10 and 11
 PDF24 Creator – a free virtual PDF printer for Microsoft Windows, with user interface and additional tools like merging, splitting, compressing and assembling PDF files.

Commercial
Adobe Acrobat – Adobe System's commercial PDF authoring suite includes Adobe Distiller, a virtual printer for converting documents to PDF files. Adobe Distiller is not included with the free-to-use Adobe Reader product.

Virtual printers
Virtual printers for Microsoft Windows:
Microsoft Office Document Image Writer – Included in Microsoft Office Professional allowing documents to be saved in TIFF or Microsoft Document Imaging Format.  MODI is only supported in 32 bit Windows' versions.
Universal Document Converter – Creating PDF, JPEG, TIFF, PNG, GIF, PCX, DCX and BMP files. Free version adds watermark.

Notes
1.This software has risk of installing potentially unwanted programs. For more information, refer to its main article.

Virtual printer software
Computer printers

List of virtual printer software


The AMY detector was used by particle physicists at the TRISTAN electron-positron collider at KEK in Japan between 1984 and 1995 to search for new particles and perform precision studies of the strong and electroweak forces.

It was built and operated by physicists from many countries, including: the USA, Japan, South Korea, China, and the Philippines. For tracking charged particles, the detector contained an Inner Tracking Chamber and a Central Drift Chamber.  A novel X-ray detector, sensitive to x-rays produced by electrons via synchrotron radiation in AMY's 3Tesla solenoidal magnet, was used for electron identification.  The Barrel electromagnetic calorimeter was a sampling calorimeter using lead as its passive material and gas for sampling.  AMY also had a muon detection system outside of the magnet return yoke.

Its most highly cited paper is "Multi - hadron event properties in e+e− annihilation at s√=52 GeV to 57-GeV"

While the names of most particle physics experiments are acronyms, AMY is just AMY.

References

External links
Record for AMY --- A HIGH RESOLUTION LEPTON DETECTOR FOR TRISTAN, KEK-TE-003 experiment on INSPIRE-HEP
Particle physics facilities
Particle experiments

AMY (scientific instrument)


A sea breeze (or onshore wind) is a wind from the sea that develops over land near coasts. It is formed by increasing temperature differences between the land and water; these create a pressure minimum over the land due to its relative warmth, and forces higher pressure, cooler air from the sea to move inland.A sea breeze or onshore breeze is any wind that blows from a large body of water toward or onto a landmass; it develops due to differences in air pressure created by the differing heat capacities of water and dry land.

Winds

The sea breeze moves at a fast rate,i.e.,20-25 knots

Sea breeze


BeReal (stylized as BeReal.) is a French social media app released in 2020, developed by Alexis Barreyat and Kévin Perreau. Its main feature is a daily notification that encourages users to share a photo of themselves and their immediate surroundings given a randomly selected two-minute window every day. Critics noted its emphasis on authenticity, which some felt crossed the line into the mundane. The name "BeReal" is a pun. Its primary reference relates to its focus on users uploading unpolished photos, while also being a pun of the term b-reel.

According to the app's description on Apple's App Store, BeReal encourages its users to "show their friends who they really are, for once," by removing filters and opportunities to stage or edit photos.

After a couple of years of relative obscurity, it rapidly gained popularity in early and mid-2022, before experiencing a decrease in use in 2023.

History
The app was developed by Alexis Barreyat, a former employee of GoPro in Munich, Germany, and Kévin Perreau, a graduate from 42 in Paris. Initially released in 2020, it first gained widespread popularity in early 2022. It first spread widely on college campuses, partially due to a paid ambassador program. In late August 2022, the application had over 10 million active daily users and 21.6 million active monthly users. As of February 2023, the app has grown to 13 million active daily users and 47.8 million active monthly users.

In June 2021, BeReal received a $30 million funding round led by Andreessen Horowitz and Accel. In May 2022, BeReal secured $85 million in a funding round led by Yuri Milner's DST Global, increasing its valuation to about $600 million.

On July 25, 2022, BeReal topped Apple's free app list in the iOS App Store, and remained until September 2022. BeReal also received Apple's iPhone App of the Year in 2022.

By late spring 2023, the app's momentum was waning, as daily users dropped to about 6 million, from 15 million in October 2022.

Features
Once per day, BeReal simultaneously notifies all users that a two-minute window to post is open. It asks users to create a post (known eponymously as a "BeReal") which, using mandatory simultaneous photos from both the front and back cameras, provides a visual depiction of what they are doing in that moment, with an option to caption their post. The given window varies from day to day, and is not known to users before the notification is received.

Once the daily notification is sent, users lose the ability to see others' BeReals from the previous day. Furthermore, users cannot see any of the current day's BeReals until they upload their own. While on-time BeReals show the time it was uploaded, late BeReals uploaded after the two-minute window only show how late the poster is. Other users can also see how many attempts the poster took to take the BeReal, as well as their location when the BeReal was taken. Users only get one chance to delete their BeReal and post another one, and they used to not be able to post more than one at any time. However, in 2023, a feature was added that allowed users to post up to two extra BeReals on days when they posted their first BeReal within the 2 minute window. For now, this  BonusBeReal feature is only available in some regions. BeReal also features a 'Discovery' section, whereby users are given the option to share to a much wider, public audience. This feature, however, is limited, as users are not able to interact with the posts through commenting—unlike the 'My Friends' feature.

The app does not have an explicit image moderation process, and thus does not restrict the users from posting inappropriate photos. However, there is a report function that allows users to report a photo or another user if they are posting inappropriate content.

Comparison to other platforms
Because of its daily cycle of engagement, it has been compared to Wordle, which gained popularity earlier in 2022. It also supports a platform similar to Snapchat with a theme of impermanence and brevity.

BeReal has been described as designed to compete with Instagram while simultaneously de-emphasising social media addiction and overuse. The app does not allow any photo filters or other editing, and has no advertising or follower counts. Marketing material from the company warned that the app "can be addictive" but also stated that "BeReal won't make you famous." Jacob Arnott, managing director of social agency We the People, describes BeReal as "an anti-Instagram" due to its raw and unedited nature.

The app's foundation on friends rather than followers resembles Facebook's platform of adding friends which comprise the content of user's feed. This also resembles Instagram's 'close friends' story feature. Further, rather than 'liking' posts, BeReal uses 'RealMoji's' which involves taking a photo to interact with other posts.

With the popularity of BeReal, other providers have launched similar features. In July 2022 Instagram launched a "Dual Camera" feature similar to BeReal, and in August 2022 began testing a similar feature called "IG Candid Challenges" where users are prompted to post once a day within two minutes. As of September 2022, TikTok has also launched a feature called TikTok Now, following the same concept.

In December 2022, similar to Spotify's "Wrapped," BeReal launched a feature involving a video of a compilation of users' BeReal posts of 2022.

The app also is not monetized through advertising, unlike many other social media platforms, leading to inquiry on how the app will be funded. There is speculation on the app eventually requiring subscription, but the history of that path has not been particularly successful with other apps, such as "Blue", Twitter's offering towards a subscription product.

User characteristics
BeReal is considered to be targeted towards Generation Z users, and attempts to minimize "social media fatigue", a feeling of numbness and disconnection from reality caused by constant interaction with an idealized version of others. This is a "core generational value" that this demographic holds compared to Millennials. Further, BeReal's users have been particularly strong across universities and university-aged students, and the majority of users are in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Germany.  In 2022, the majority of users were females, with 43.2% of users falling within the age range of 16 to 25 and 55.1% of users being 26-44 years old.

Reception
Jason Koebler, a writer for Vice, wrote that in contrast to Instagram, which presents an unattainable view of people's lives, BeReal instead "makes everyone look extremely boring." Niklas Myhr, a professor of social media at Chapman University, argued that depth of engagement may determine whether the app is a passing trend or has "staying power." Kelsey Weekman, a reporter for BuzzFeed News, noted that the app's unwillingness to "glamorise the banality of life" made it feel "humbling" in its emphasis on authenticity. Niloufar Haidari for The Guardian comments similarly that where the app succeeds in being "drab" in perhaps a positive way, it fails in potentially "un-inspiring" users. Likewise, Dr. Brad Ridout, a behavioral psychologist at the University of Sydney, emphasizes that the "boring" experience is what the creators are targeting for the app and, in response to Instagram's platform of flawlessness, that "perfection is the enemy of happiness".

Criticisms
Some people regularly post after the two-minute notification expires, leading to some criticism of the app, as the ability to post late undermines its aims of authenticity. In addition, BeReal's daily two-minute window has been argued to contribute to social media fatigue and a need for self-exposure, as well as constant access to phones.

Business use
As with many other social medias, the popularity of BeReal has led to impacts in the workplace. Because of BeReal's foundation of reaching a few segments without going viral, its role in the workplace differs from that of Instagram or TikTok as companies are less likely to use BeReal successfully as a promotional tool. However, employees' BeReal posts could be beneficial for marketing, and companies can benefit as it appeals to millennials and Generation Z.

BeReal's platform also leads to privacy and confidentiality concerns. Employees may share confidential material or potentially harm their employer's reputation by their posts.

As for partnering with other companies, BeReal posted a message geared towards the press stating that "working with brands is not [their] priority" and that their purpose is to connect users rather than monetize the app.

References

Computer-related introductions in 2020
Image-sharing websites
Internet properties established in 2020
Mobile applications
Mobile social software
Social networking services
Social media companies
Proprietary cross-platform software

BeReal


The University of Lahore (; ), abbreviated as UOL, is a private university located in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. Its founding owner is M.A. Raoof.

It was founded at collegiate level in 1999 under the IBADAT Educational Trust and was granted full degree awarding status in 2002. It is one of the largest private universities in Pakistan. Degrees are awarded in medicine, engineering, arts and social sciences. All programs are recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) and government regulatory bodies in Pakistan. It is accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), Pakistan Bar Council, Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC), Pakistan Nursing Council and Pharmacy Council of Pakistan.

Introduction

The University of Lahore (UOL) has 2 campuses in Lahore, 2 campuses in Islamabad and one in Sargodha, Pakpattan and Gujrat. All programs run at the UOL, are recognized by the Higher Education Commission (HEC), the Government regulatory body, in Pakistan.The Lahore campus not only attracts locals in large number, but foreigners as well;thus providing rich diversity and fruitful environment.

The University also has courses accredited by the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), Pharmacy Council of Pakistan, Pakistan Bar Council and Pakistan Medical and Dental Council (PMDC) respectively.

The University has also achieved the highest W4 category ranking with the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. The University of Lahore is ranked at 801st position amongst the Top 1000 Universities of the World by QS-2018 Ranking, and at 251st position by Asian University Rankings-2017.  The University of Lahore has 7 campuses, 11 academic faculties, 35 academic departments, 3 technology parks, 2 research centres, Alumni network of 23000+, and 150+ degree programs and teaches 3,000+ courses. The Total Student Body in all campuses comes to around 36,000+ .

Faculties and departments

Faculty of Allied Health Sciences
 Cardiac Perfusion Technology
 BS of Optometry
 Dept. of Health Professional Technologies(HFT)
 Dept. of Sports Sciences
 Lahore School of Nursing
 Radiological Sciences & Medical Imaging Technology
 Dept. of Physiotherapy
 University Institute of Public Health
 Dept. of Diet & Nutritional Sciences
 Dept. of Clinical Lab Technology(CLT)

Faculty of Arts and Architecture
 School of Architecture
 School of Creative Arts

Faculty of Engineering and Technology
 Dept. of Civil Engineering
Dept. of Computer Engineering
 Dept. of Electrical Engineering
 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
 Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Systems
 Dept. of Technology (Electrical, Mechanical, Civil)

Faculty of Information and Technology
 Dept. of Computer Science
 Dept. of Software Engg.

Faculty of Languages and Literature
 Dept. of English Language & Literature

Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry
 University College of Medicine
 University College of Dentistry
 University College of Physician
 University College of veterinary

Faculty of Management Sciences
Lahore School of Accounting & Finance
 Lahore Business School (LBS)
 Lahore School of Aviation (LSA)
 Lahore School of Management & commerce

Faculty of Pharmacy
 Department of Pharmacy

Faculty of Sciences
 Institute Of Molecular Biology & Bio-Technology
 Dept. of Physics
 Dept. of Chemistry
 Dept. of Environment Sciences
 Dept. of Mathematics & Statistics

Faculty of Social Sciences
 Dept. of Education
 Dept. of Economics
 Dept. of Islamic Studies
 School of Integrated Social Sciences
 School of Accounting and Finance
 School of Grammar

QEC Learning Centre
Learning Center of The University of Lahore is established for the professional development of the teaching faculty and staff.

Research journals

Pakistan Journal of Molecular Medicine (PJMM)
Pakistan Journal of Molecular Medicine (Pakistan J. Mol. Med.) is a semi-annual (6 monthly) journal, being published by the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), and Centre for Research in Molecular Medicine (CRiMM), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan. This Journal accepts the articles and reviews (invited and non-invited) in the disciplines of biochemistry, biotechnology, environmental sciences, forensic science, medicine, microbiology, molecular biology, pathology, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology and other Bio-medical sciences.

Journal of Media, Business and Social Sciences (JMBSS)
JMBSS is a specified, peer-reviewed and professional journal that is published bi-annually in both print and electronic forms by University of Lahore, Pakistan.

Asian Journal of Allied Health Sciences (AJAHS)
We are living in information era and specialization with multidisciplinary orientation is playing its part greater than ever. To ensure originality of work and contribution to the knowledge. The Faculty of Allied Health Sciences (FAHS), The University of Lahore has published "Asian Journal of Allied Health Sciences (AJAHS)"; a Quarterly peer-reviewed open access Journal. The aim of the Journal is to provide a platform for allied health professionals to publish their research work. All materials, articles and information published in AJAHS will be peer-reviewed.

International students
The University of Lahore has international students from different countries and has in recent years attracted students from Palestine, Sudan, Qatar, Yemen, Turkey, Nigeria, Syria, Somalia, Afghanistan, Nepal, Oman, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Jordan, UAE and Uganda among others. Foreign seats are available in degree programmes such as Medicine, Dentistry, Engineering and English language and Literature.

University Advisory Board and other facilities
The Advisory Board consists of scientists, engineers and academicians who monitor the institute's standards of education and research. There are also career counsellors available to guide students in their studies and career choices. The UOL also publishes work in several scholastic journals affiliated to  Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan. There are also international linkages with other universities.

Accommodation
Separate hostel accommodation is available for both male and female students at The University of Lahore (UoL). The Defence Road Campus of the University features in facility of two hostels for females: Razia Hall and Fatima Hall, for about 1000 students in it. In order to facilitate the students, the following facilities have been provided at both the boys and girls hostels: Mess, mosque, separate television room, telephone, newspapers, guest rooms, Common Room, computer room, electric water coolers, high-speed Internet and Wi-fi, hostel laundry and 24-hour security.

The Islamabad Sihala Campus also provide the hostel facility to both male and female student with Wi-fi, hostel laundry and 24-7 Security.

Campuses

The University of Lahore has Seven campuses across Pakistan that contains areas of:
 The University of Lahore (Main Campus) [8 acres 7 Kanal]
 The University of Lahore (Defence Road Campus) [24 acres / 192 kanal]
 The University of Lahore (City Campus) [1 Acre]
 The University of Lahore (Islamabad Campus) 20 Acre
 The University of Lahore (Sargodha Campus) [4 Acre]
 The University of Lahore (pakpattan Campus)
 The University of Lahore
(Gujrat Campus)
 The University of Lahore
(Uganda Campus)

Centers
The University have six research centers:
 Center For Research In Molecular Medicine (CRIMM)
 Radiology Research Section (RRS)
 Agri-Bio Technology Park
 Diagnostic Laboratory and Research Centre
 Postgraduate Computing Research Lab.
 Lahore Incubation Center  (LIC)

OPAC-UOL Library

The University's library resources include Books, Journal's and E-books. The University of Lahore currently houses four well equipped libraries with cumulatively more than 31000+ Books catering to a wide range of subjects. The University also has access to 72 Mbit/s Pakistan Educational Research Network (PERN) facilities, E- Library, OPAC, Mini labs, HEC Digital library as well as International online Libraries and Journals. The University of Lahore has subscription of World Class Turnitin services for Plagiarism check.

Green UOL
UOL is setting up Off the Grid (OTG) Solar power generation plants and Bio-gas plants, a step forward against energy crisis that will provide green energy. This will enable the University to continue to provide excellent educational and research services to the nation in optimal circumstances.

The University of Lahore (UOL) has been placed at No. 3 ranking in Pakistan and No. 240 ranking internationally in "UI Green Metric Ranking 2016" based on the evaluation of these six main categories Green Statistics, Energy and Climate Change, Waste management, Water usage, Transportation, and Education.

UOL Rankings
 QS World University Rankings (#1001-1200)
 Asia University Rankings (#301-350)
 Times Higher Education (#801)
 BRICS & Emerging Economies University Rankings (#251)
 University Web Rankings (#31)
 UI Green Metric Ranking (#226)
 UOL Ranking among Pakistani Universities (#70)

References

External links

Film schools in Pakistan
Educational institutions established in 1999
Private universities and colleges in Punjab, Pakistan
1999 establishments in Pakistan

University of Lahore


Jamie Kyne (1991 – 5 September 2009) was an Irish jockey.

Kyne was the winner of an All Ireland title in youth boxing, but had told his father immediately afterwards that he wanted to be a jockey.

He was apprenticed to John Quinn, one of Britain's top trainers in 2007 by James Hetherton, a racehorse trainer and owner.
Kyne died with young Scottish rider, Jan Wilson, in a suspected arson attack at the block of flats in which they were living in North Yorkshire on 5 September. The burial took place at Lackagh Cemetery.

External links

Boxers from County Galway
1991 births
2009 deaths
Irish male boxers

Jamie Kyne


Byron is a small unincorporated community in southeastern Bath Township, Greene County, Ohio, United States.  It sits at the intersection of Linebaugh and Dayton-Yellow Springs Roads, between Fairborn and Xenia.  Byron is located at  (39.7861705, -83.9807661), at an elevation of 915 feet (279 m).

The community is part of the Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Byron was originally called Tylersville, after President John Tyler, and under the latter name was platted in 1841 on the road running between Yellow Springs and Dayton. The present name honors Lord Byron, an English poet. A post office called Byron was established in 1849, and remained in operation until 1902.

References

Unincorporated communities in Greene County, Ohio
1841 establishments in Ohio
Populated places established in 1841
Unincorporated communities in Ohio

Byron, Ohio


NGC 4707 is an irregular galaxy in the constellation of Canes Venatici. It was discovered by John Herschel on 5 June 1834, and was described by John Louis Emil Dreyer, the compiler of the New General Catalogue, as a "small, stellar" galaxy.

NGC 4707 has a morphological type of Sm or Im, meaning that it is mostly irregular or has very weak spiral arms. The galaxy was imaged by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2016. The image showed the galaxy had little to no signs of a central bulge or any prominent structures (typical of Magellanic-type spirals). However, the telescope could resolve many stars, as well as several turquoise-colored star forming regions.

Gallery

References

External links

Irregular galaxies
4707
07971
043255
Canes Venatici

NGC 4707


Belmont Rural is a civil parish in Herefordshire, England. The population of the Civil Parish taken at the 2011 Census was 3,769.  It is south-west of Hereford. The name Belmont Rural was chosen because it is separate from the City of Hereford and borders open countryside on its Western boundary and has the River Wye as its Northern boundary. Belmont Rural Parish was formed 20 years ago and includes 1800 modern houses and a considerable amount of public open space. The Parish is fortunate to have two Community Centres, one of which houses a small public library. It also hosts a medium-sized Tesco Store and the Three Counties Hotel, which are the only businesses of any size in the community. It also has a Medical Centre and an adjacent Pharmacy.

Belmont Rural is essentially a dormitory parish. Its residents work elsewhere or are retired. Belmont Rural does not have any schools. Generally it is a very relaxing and attractive place to live, except in the "rush" hours when the main artery the A465 is jammed with stationary traffic.

References

External links
Belmont Rural Parish Council http://www.belmontrural-pc.gov.ukl

Civil parishes in Herefordshire

Belmont Rural


Anthony Norman Albanese (  or  ; born 2 March 1963) is an Australian politician serving as the 31st and current prime minister of Australia since 2022. He has been leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) since 2019 and the member of parliament (MP) for the division of Grayndler since 1996. Albanese previously served as the 15th deputy prime minister under the second Rudd government in 2013. He held various ministerial positions from 2007 to 2013 in the governments of Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard.

Albanese was born in Sydney to an Italian father and an Irish-Australian mother, who raised him as a single parent. Albanese attended St Mary's Cathedral College and studied economics at the University of Sydney. As a student, he joined the Labor Party and later worked as a party official and research officer before entering Parliament.

Albanese was elected to the House of Representatives at the 1996 election, winning the seat of Grayndler in New South Wales. He was first appointed to the shadow cabinet in 2001 by Simon Crean and went on to serve in a number of roles, eventually becoming Manager of Opposition Business in 2006. After Labor's victory in the 2007 election, Albanese was appointed Leader of the House, and was also made Minister for Regional Development and Local Government and Minister for Infrastructure and Transport. In the subsequent leadership tensions between Kevin Rudd and Julia Gillard from 2010 to 2013, Albanese was publicly critical of the conduct of both, calling for party unity. After supporting Rudd in the final leadership ballot between the two in June 2013, Albanese was elected the deputy leader of the Labor Party and sworn in as deputy prime minister the following day, a position he held for less than three months, as Labor was defeated at the 2013 election.

Rudd retired from politics, so Albanese stood against Bill Shorten in the October 2013 Australian Labor Party leadership election. Although Albanese won a large majority of the membership, Shorten won more heavily among Labor MPs and became leader. Shorten subsequently appointed Albanese to his Shadow Cabinet. After Labor's surprise defeat in the 2019 election, Shorten resigned as leader, with Albanese becoming the only person nominated in the leadership election to replace him; he was subsequently elected unopposed as leader of the Labor Party, becoming Leader of the Opposition.

In the 2022 election, Albanese led his party to victory against Scott Morrison's Liberal-National Coalition. He was sworn in on 23 May 2022. Albanese's first acts as prime minister included proposing a change to the Constitution to include an Indigenous Voice to Parliament, updating Australia's climate targets in an effort to reach carbon neutrality by 2050, and supporting an increase to the national minimum wage. His government legislated a national anti-corruption commission, made major changes to Australian labour law and established the Royal Commission into the Robodebt Scheme. In foreign policy, Albanese pledged further logistical support to Ukraine to assist with the Russo-Ukrainian war, has attempted to strengthen relations in the Pacific region, and held a high-level meeting with Chinese president Xi Jinping, overseeing an easing of tensions between the countries and leading to easing of trade restrictions put by China on Australia. He also oversaw the official commencement of the AUKUS security pact between Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom.

Early life

Family and background
Albanese was born on 2 March 1963 at St Margaret's Hospital in the Sydney suburb of Darlinghurst. He is the son of Carlo Albanese and Maryanne Ellery. His mother was an Australian of Irish descent, while his Italian father was from Barletta in Apulia. His parents met in March 1962 on a voyage from Sydney to Southampton, England, on the Sitmar Line's TSS Fairsky, where his father worked as a steward, but did not continue their relationship afterwards, going their separate ways. Coincidentally, the Fairsky was also the ship on which Albanese's future parliamentary colleague Julia Gillard and her family migrated to South Australia from the United Kingdom in 1966.

Growing up, Albanese was told that his father had died in a car accident; he did not meet his father, who was in fact still alive, until 2009, tracking him down initially with the assistance of John Faulkner, Carnival Australia's CEO Ann Sherry (the parent company of P&O, which acquired the Sitmar Line in 1988) and maritime historian Rob Henderson, and then later the Australian Embassy in Italy and ambassador Amanda Vanstone. He made contact with his father in 2009, visiting him a number of times in Italy, and he took his family there as well. His father died in 2014. He subsequently discovered that he had two half-siblings. During the Australian parliamentary eligibility crisis of 2017, it was noted that, although birth to an Italian father would ordinarily confer citizenship by descent, Albanese had no father recorded on his birth certificate and thus meets the parliamentary eligibility requirements of section 44 of the constitution.

Albanese's maternal grandfather George Ellery ran a printing business on William Street in Darlinghurst. He provided printing services to the ALP.

Childhood and education
Albanese grew up with his mother and maternal grandparents in a Sydney City Council home in the Inner West suburb of Camperdown, opposite the Camperdown Children's Hospital. His grandfather died in 1970, and the following year his mother married James Williamson. He was given his stepfather's surname, but the marriage lasted only 10 weeks, as Williamson proved to be an abusive alcoholic. Albanese's mother worked part-time as a cleaner but suffered from chronic rheumatoid arthritis, with the family surviving on her disability pension and his grandmother's age pension.

Albanese attended St Joseph's Primary School in Camperdown and then St Mary's Cathedral College. After finishing school, he worked for the Commonwealth Bank for two years before studying economics at the University of Sydney. There, he became involved in student politics and was elected to the Students' Representative Council. It was also there where he started his rise as a key player in the ALP's Labor Left. During his time in student politics, Albanese led a group within Young Labor that was aligned with the left faction's Hard Left, which maintained "links with broader left-wing groups, such as the Communist Party of Australia, People for Nuclear Disarmament and the African National Congress".

Albanese's mother died in 2002.

Pre-parliamentary career and travel
After completing his economics degree in 1984, Albanese took on a role as a research officer to the then Minister for Local Government and Administrative Services, Tom Uren, who became a mentor to him. In 1989, the position of Assistant General Secretary of the New South Wales branch of the Labor Party became vacant when John Faulkner was elected to the Senate. The election to replace him was closely disputed between the Labor Left's Hard Left and Soft Left groupings, with Albanese being elected with the backing of the Hard Left, taking on that role for the next six years. In 1995, he left the position to work as a senior adviser to New South Wales Premier Bob Carr.

Albanese's first overseas trip was in 1986, accompanying his friend Jeremy Fisher to Vanuatu. In 1987, Albanese joined his boss Tom Uren on a visit to South-East Asia, which included: a meeting of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific in Bangkok, Thailand; an Anzac Day dawn service at the Kanchanaburi War Cemetery with John Carrick; and a tour of Cambodia alongside Bill Hayden's daughter Ingrid. He then travelled extensively in 1988, visiting Zimbabwe, Zambia, Botswana, Western Europe on a Contiki tour, and Eastern Europe and Scandinavia as a backpacker. Upon returning to Australia, he began dating Carmel Tebbutt, with whom he would holiday in Europe and South-East Asia, plus a backpacking trip to India in 1991. Sometime during his 20s, Albanese also took part in a tour of the United States organised by the State Department, with a thematic focus on the interaction of advocacy groups with the U.S. Government.

In 1990, Albanese bought a semi-detached two-bedroom house in the Inner West Sydney suburb of Marrickville.

Early political career

Entry to Parliament

When Jeannette McHugh announced she would not seek re-election in her seat of Grayndler at the 1996 election, Albanese won preselection for the seat. The campaign was a difficult one, with aircraft noise a big political issue following the opening of the third runway at Sydney Airport, and the newly established No Aircraft Noise party (NAN) having polled strongly in the local area at the 1995 New South Wales election. Veteran political pundit Malcolm Mackerras predicted NAN would win the seat. However, NAN's candidate finished third, with less than 14% of the vote. Despite suffering a six-point swing against Labor, Albanese was elected with a comfortable 16-point margin.

In his maiden speech to the House of Representatives, he spoke about the building of a third runway at Sydney Airport, aircraft noise and the need to build a second airport to service Sydney, as well as his support for funding public infrastructure in general, multiculturalism, native title, the social wage and childcare. He concluded by saying, "For myself, I will be satisfied if I can be remembered as someone who will stand up for the interests of my electorate, for working-class people, for the labour movement, and for our progressive advancement as a nation into the next century."

In his first year in Parliament he continued this theme, speaking in favour of the Northern Territory's euthanasia legislation, the rights of the Indigenous community in the Hindmarsh Island bridge controversy, and entitlement to superannuation for same-sex couples.

This latter issue became a cause to which he was particularly dedicated. In 1998 he unsuccessfully moved a private member's bill that would have given same-sex couples the same rights to superannuation as de facto heterosexual couples. Over the next nine years, he tried three more times without success, until the election of the Rudd government in 2007 saw the legislation passed. Albanese subsequently turned his attention to campaigning for same-sex marriage.

Appointment to Shadow Cabinet

In 1998, Albanese was appointed a parliamentary secretary, a position which assists ministers and shadow ministers and is often a stepping stone to a full ministerial position.

In 2001, he was promoted to the opposition Shadow Cabinet, taking the portfolio of ageing and seniors. A 2002 reshuffle saw him become Shadow Minister for Employment Services and Training, and in 2004 he became Shadow Minister for Environment and Heritage. It was during this latter role that then prime minister John Howard and science minister Brendan Nelson started raising the idea of nuclear power for Australia. Albanese campaigned strongly against them, as well as elements within his own party, arguing that "Nuclear energy doesn't add up economically, environmentally or socially, and after more than 50 years of debate, we still do not have an answer to nuclear proliferation or nuclear waste."

In 2005, he was given the additional role of Shadow Minister for Water alongside his existing responsibilities, and was also appointed Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House. In December 2006, when Kevin Rudd first became Leader of the Labor Party, Albanese took over from Julia Gillard as Manager of Opposition Business in the House, a senior tactical role on the floor of the parliament, and was appointed Shadow Minister for Water and Infrastructure.

Cabinet minister

Rudd government
Following Labor's victory at the 2007 election, Albanese's rise in standing within the party was evidenced by his appointment as Minister for Infrastructure and Transport, Minister for Regional Development and Local Government and Leader of the House of Representatives in the Rudd ministry. Rudd was sworn in alongside his colleagues on 3 December 2007.

The Labor Party had gone to the election criticising the previous government for ignoring "long-term nation building in favour of short-term political spending". One of Albanese's first moves as Minister for Infrastructure and Transport was the establishment of an independent statutory body, Infrastructure Australia, to advise the Government on infrastructure priorities. Armed with advice from this independent body and his own persuasive skills in the Cabinet, he was able to argue for a doubling of the roads budget and a tenfold increase in rail investment. The establishment of Infrastructure Australia was regarded by many as a success; projects delivered through the Infrastructure Australia process included Melbourne's Regional Rail Link, the Hunter Expressway, the Ipswich Motorway, the Gold Coast light rail system G:link, the Redcliffe Peninsula railway line, the extension of the Noarlunga Centre railway line to Seaford, South Australia and various projects along the Pacific Highway in NSW and Bruce Highway in Queensland.

Gillard government

After Julia Gillard replaced Rudd as prime minister following the leadership spill in June 2010 she retained Albanese in his roles. Following the 2010 election, which resulted in a hung parliament, Albanese was a key player in negotiating the support of independent members Tony Windsor and Rob Oakeshott through his role of Leader of the House. Albanese was also responsible for managing legislation through the House in the first hung parliament since the 1940s.

In 2011, Albanese introduced two more major policy reforms. The first on urban planning drew on the work of Danish designer Jan Gehl and set out plans for urban design with better transport links and safety. The second, on shipping, was notable for gaining the approval of both the conservative Australian Shipowners Associations and the radical Maritime Union of Australia. However, he also attracted controversy when a convoy of trucks from North Queensland dubbed the "convoy of no confidence" descended on Canberra's Parliament House to protest against rising fuel costs and carbon pricing. During question time, Albanese labelled the protesters outside as "the convoy of no consequence". This caused outrage among supporters of the protest and a week later a public rally in support of the truckies was held outside Albanese's electorate office in , New South Wales.

Following a series of poor polls, leadership instability descended again on the Labor government. Former prime minister Kevin Rudd resigned as Minister for Foreign Affairs in February 2012 to unsuccessfully challenge Julia Gillard for the leadership. Shortly before the ballot, Albanese came out in support of Rudd, stating that he had always been unhappy with the manner of Rudd's removal. He tearfully explained how he had offered his resignation as Leader of the House to the prime minister, but that she had refused to accept it, and called on Labor to cease leadership divisions and unify. In response to a question on his personal feelings around the leadership spill, he stated "I like fighting Tories. That's what I do."

Deputy Prime Minister of Australia

In June 2013, Rudd defeated Gillard in a final leadership election. That same ballot saw Albanese elected by the caucus as Deputy Leader of the Labor Party, and the following day Albanese was sworn in as deputy prime minister. He held this role until Labor's defeat at the 2013 election, and was replaced by Warren Truss on 18 September.

Return to Opposition

2013 leadership election
Following the defeat of Labor at the 2013 election, Albanese announced his candidacy to be Leader of the Labor Party, standing against Bill Shorten. Shorten was announced as the winner after a month-long contest that was the first to involve a combined vote of MPs and rank-and-file members. Although Albanese won comfortably among party members, Shorten held a greater lead among MPs, and was subsequently elected.

Shorten Opposition
In October 2013, shortly after the leadership election, Shorten appointed Albanese Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Transport and Shadow Minister for Tourism; he held these roles throughout Shorten's time as leader. In September 2014, Albanese was given the additional role of Shadow Minister for Cities.

Leader of the Opposition (2019–2022)

2019 leadership election
Bill Shorten announced his resignation as Leader of the Labor Party on 18 May 2019, following Labor's unexpected defeat in the 2019 election. The day after, Albanese announced his candidacy in the subsequent leadership election. On 21 May, Chris Bowen announced he would also contest the ballot; however, the next day, he announced his withdrawal, citing his lack of support among the party membership. With no other candidate stepping forward, Albanese took the leadership unopposed on 30 May, with Richard Marles as his deputy. Aged 56 when he took office, he became the oldest first-time Opposition Leader in 59 years, since Arthur Calwell (aged 63) took office in 1960. Albanese unveiled his shadow ministry on 1 June 2019.

2022 federal election
Albanese led the Labor Party into the 2022 federal election. On the first day of campaigning, Albanese was unable to name either the official cash rate or unemployment rate, which drew criticism. On 20 April, Albanese faced prime minister Scott Morrison in a debate hosted by Sky News, with Albanese being deemed the winner through an audience vote. However, the next day, Albanese tested positive for COVID-19, forcing him to isolate at home in Sydney. He returned to campaigning the following week and, on 1 May, hosted Labor's campaign launch in Perth which was the first time any major party launched in Western Australia. At the launch, Labor unveiled policies to reduce the cost of medicine and childcare, increase manufacturing in Australia, and introduce a shared equity housing scheme to assist first-time home buyers. Albanese faced Morrison in two further debates, hosted by Channel Nine and Channel Seven, respectively. Opinion polling indicated that support for the two major parties would reach record lows, due to high levels of support for third parties and independent candidates. However, unlike his predecessor, Albanese was able to ultimately able to lead the Labor Party to federal victory, defeating Prime Minister Scott Morrison and his government with a one-seat majority in the House of Representatives.

Prime Minister of Australia (2022–present)

Labor was victorious over the incumbent Liberal-National Coalition at the federal election on 21 May 2022, with Albanese becoming the 31st prime minister of Australia. Despite a fall in the party's primary vote, Labor won a number of seats from the Coalition, helped by a particularly large swing to the party in Western Australia; the result was also assisted by a number of "teal independents" winning seats from "moderate" Liberal members.

Although it was not certain that Labor would win a majority, it soon became apparent that no other party could realistically form a government. Accordingly, two days after the election, Albanese, deputy Labor leader Richard Marles, shadow treasurer Jim Chalmers, and shadow ministers for Foreign Affairs and Finance Senators Penny Wong and Katy Gallagher were sworn in as an interim five-person ministry. According to Australia's ABC News, the Governor-General, David Hurley, would not have sworn in Albanese without assurances that Labor could provide stable government, as well as legal advice that this was the proper course of action. Albanese is the first Italian-Australian prime minister in the country's history.

Albanese secured confidence and supply from several crossbenchers in the event that he was unable to form majority government. However, on 30 May, it was projected that Labor had won at least 76 seats, enough to win a majority for the first time at the federal level since the 2007 election. Albanese's full ministry was sworn in on 1 June.

Domestic affairs

Climate change
On 16 June 2022, Albanese submitted a new Nationally Determined Contribution to the United Nations which formally committed Australia to reducing carbon emissions by 43% on 2005 levels. This represented an increase from the 26 to 28% target under the previous government. In September 2022, the Albanese government passed legislation to write this climate target into law. Albanese's government also entered a bid for Australia and its Pacific island neighbours to host the 2024 United Nations Climate Change conference.

In late-2022, his government announced reforms to the "safeguard mechanism", which requires Australia's largest carbon emitters to keep their emissions under a "baseline limit", either by reducing them, or by purchasing carbon credits. The mechanism was introduced by the Turnbull government in 2016, but failed to reduce emissions as the rules were often left unenforced. In March 2023, the Albanese government received the necessary support to pass the legislation from the Greens, who negotiated a "hard cap" on emissions that cannot be offset by carbon credits. The bill was passed on 30 March 2023, marking the most significant piece of climate change legislation passed through the Australian parliament since the Clean Energy Act 2011.

Minimum wage
On 27 May 2022, Albanese confirmed that his government would make a submission to the Fair Work Commission in support of an increase to the national minimum wage.

The government announced that a submission had been formally made to the commission on 3 June 2022 and that a "deliberate" policy of lower wages was not the policy of the new government. The Fair Work Commission subsequently announced on 15 June 2022 that the minimum wage would be raised by 5.2%.

On 2 June 2023 the Albanese government contributed to a decision by the Fair Work Commission with another letter encouraging a rise in the minimum wage in line with inflation.

National anti-corruption commission
During the 2022 election campaign, Albanese pledged to establish a national anti-corruption commission, saying that it would be one of his "first priorities". On 27 September, attorney-general Mark Dreyfus introduced the relevant legislation to Parliament. The bill passed on 30 November 2022 in line with Albanese's commitment to legislate an anti-corruption commission prior to the end of the calendar year.

Indigenous affairs
In his victory speech, Albanese expressed his support for the Uluru Statement from the Heart, and stated that his government would implement it in full within its first term. He pledged to hold a referendum to enshrine an Indigenous Voice to Parliament to assist the government with Indigenous issues, and recognise Indigenous Australians in Australia's constitution. The referendum was held on 14 October 2023 and the change to the Constitution was rejected by the majority of Australian voters and states.

Industrial relations
The government passed new workplace harassment laws through the Parliament on 28 November 2022. The news laws are in line with Albanese's promise to implement the recommendations of the Respect@Work Report by creating a positive duty requiring employers to implement measures to prevent sexual harassment.

On 2 December 2022, the government's Secure Jobs, Better Pay bill passed the Parliament. Under the new laws, unions can now negotiate multi-employer pay deals in an effort to secure wage increases across particular sectors such as child care and aged care. The law also aims to close the gender pay gap by prohibiting pay secrecy employment clauses and secures the right of workers to seek flexible working arrangements.

International affairs

Albanese took his first international trip on 23 May 2022 immediately after being sworn in as prime minister when he flew to Tokyo to attend a Quadrilateral Security Dialogue meeting with fellow world leaders: US president Joe Biden, Indian prime minister Narendra Modi and Japanese prime minister Fumio Kishida. At the meeting, Albanese committed his new government to the goals of the Quad and confirmed that his government would seek to take stronger action in reducing carbon emissions. On 5 June, Albanese and Penny Wong visited Indonesian president Joko Widodo in Jakarta to develop Australia–Indonesia relations. Albanese said he would not "publicly intervene" to prevent WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange from being extradited to the United States.

Later in June, Albanese attended the 2022 NATO Madrid summit to discuss security threats facing the Pacific region. On 30 June, Albanese met with French president Emmanuel Macron in Paris to "reset" Australia–France relations, which had been damaged following the cancellation of a submarine deal by the preceding government. The next day, Albanese travelled to Ukraine to meet with president Volodymyr Zelenskyy, making him the first Australian prime minister to make a diplomatic visit to Ukraine. Albanese pledged a further $100 million in aid to assist with the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.

On 26 September 2022, Albanese travelled to Japan to attend the state funeral of former prime minister Shinzo Abe.

The relationship between Australia and China started to improve since Albanese became prime minister. In November 2022, Albanese held a bilateral meeting with Chinese leader Xi Jinping, bringing an end to the longest diplomatic freeze in 50 years between Australia and China. In early 2023, China ended its unofficial ban on imports of Australian coal, with all restrictions reportedly being lifted by 14 March. China agreed to lift its ban on barley imports from Australia in April, and imports of Australian timber in May, further improving the relations.

In February 2023, Albanese hosted his New Zealand counterpart Chris Hipkins, who undertook his first state visit. While the two leaders reaffirmed Australian-New Zealand bilateral relations, they also discussed the controversial Section 501 deportation policy. Albanese confirmed that his government would amend the deportation policy to take into account individuals' connections to Australia and the length of time they had lived in the country.

On 13 March 2023, Albanese travelled to San Diego to officially commence the AUKUS security pact with president Biden and United Kingdom prime minister Rishi Sunak. Through the deal, which was signed by Albanese's predecessor, Australia will procure $368 billion worth of defence materiel, including nuclear-powered submarines in an effort to counter China's dominance in the Indo-Pacific region. The deal has been negatively received by China and former prime minister Paul Keating, who called it the "worst deal in all history".

Political views
Albanese has described his political views as progressive, and is aligned with the Labor Left faction.

Albanese is a republican, and supports replacing Australia's current constitutional monarchy. In a debate to mark the Queen's Platinum Jubilee, he told the Australian Parliament, "Even many Australians who do not hold with the principle of monarchy feel regard for her. You can be a republican, as I am, and still have the deepest respect for the Queen. She has done her duty with fidelity, integrity, humanity and, as she sometimes lets slip, a sly sense of humour." He has stated his desire to give constitutional recognition to Indigenous Australians, and pledged to hold a referendum regarding an Indigenous Voice to Parliament upon becoming prime minister. He has stated that this recognition should come before any referendum regarding Australia's status as a constitutional monarchy vs. a republic.

Social issues

Albanese supports abortion rights, stating in an interview in August 2019 that he believes "women do have a right to choose". He is also in favour of legalising voluntary euthanasia; in December 2022, his government repealed the Euthanasia Laws Act 1997, which prevented the territories of Australia from legalising euthanasia.

Albanese is a supporter and advocate for LGBT rights, and has regularly participated in the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras since 1983. When Labor Party members were granted a conscience vote on the Marriage Amendment Bill 2012, which would have legalised same-sex marriage in Australia, Albanese voted in favour of the bill, which was unsuccessful. He opposed holding a plebiscite for same-sex marriage, stating that "we shouldn't be having a public vote where we get to judge other families". In 2017, Albanese also voted in favour of the Marriage Amendment (Definition and Religious Freedoms) Act 2017, the bill which ultimately legalised same-sex marriage. Albanese has voiced support of transgender rights, saying that "people coming to terms with their identity and who they are, I think that they need to be respected."

Early in his political career, Albanese supported drug decriminalisation, telling Parliament in 1997 that "drug use by individuals is a health issue, not a criminal issue". However, in February 2022, he declined to commit to decriminalisation of hard drugs, commenting that the "current settings are appropriate".

In July 2015, Albanese stated his opposition to the government's policy of turning back asylum seekers who arrive to the country via boat, saying: "I couldn't ask someone else to do something that I couldn't see myself doing ... if people were in a boat including families and children, I myself couldn't turn that around." During the 2022 federal election campaign, Albanese clarified that boat turnbacks would be incorporated into his government's policy, leading to some critics accusing him of "flip-flopping" on the issue. In August 2021, after the Taliban seized control of Afghanistan, Albanese urged the Morrison government to give Afghan refugees permanent residency in Australia.

Environmental issues
While serving in the Gillard government, Albanese supported the introduction of carbon pricing, and voted, along with the rest of the Labor Party, to establish the Clean Energy Act 2011, which instituted a carbon pricing scheme in Australia. After the Abbott government abolished the scheme in July 2014, Albanese stated that carbon pricing was no longer needed, as "the circumstances have changed".

Albanese is a prominent backer of renewable energy in Australia and has declared that the country's "long-term future lies in renewable energy sources". Upon his election in 2022, he said he would "end the climate wars" and mitigation and policies to address climate change in Australia would be a priority for his government, in contrast with those preceding it.

Foreign policy

In February 2003, he criticised the planned US-led invasion of Iraq, saying that "Whatever criticisms can be made of the Iraqi regime, Islamic fundamentalism is not one of them. This is one of the reasons the United States supported Saddam Hussein in the 1980s, including supplying his regime with weapons of mass destruction, which he then used against both the Iranians and the Kurds." Albanese has repeatedly urged for the release of Australian whistleblower and founder of WikiLeaks Julian Assange.

Albanese's views on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have shifted over the years. During the 2014 Gaza War, he called Israel's bombardment of the Gaza Strip a "collective punishment" that was "completely unacceptable". In 2018, he challenged a decision by the Australian government to vote against a UN human rights council motion calling for an investigation into the killings of Palestinian protesters during the Great March of Return. Shortly before the 2022 election, however, Albanese told The Australian Jewish News that any decision he takes on Israel-Palestine will contribute "to a peaceful resolution of the conflict and to progress towards a two-state solution". When asked about a 2018 resolution to recognise the State of Palestine, Albanese insisted the motion "has no greater or lesser weight" than it did previously. In October 2022, his government reversed the Morrison government's decision to recognise West Jerusalem as Israel's capital.

In February 2022, Albanese condemned Russia's invasion of Ukraine, remarking in a press release that it was a "grave moment for humanity".

In May 2022, Albanese said Australia's relationship with China would remain "a difficult one". He said that "Australia values human rights. We have spoken out about the treatment of Uyghurs, about what's occurred in Hong Kong, about Taiwan, about other minorities including in Tibet, that are suffering from human rights abuses."

Personal life
In 2000, Albanese married Carmel Tebbutt, a future Deputy Premier of New South Wales. They had met in Young Labor during the late 1980s, and have one son together. The two separated in January 2019. In June 2020, it was reported that Albanese was in a relationship with Jodie Haydon. Albanese said they had met at a dinner event in Melbourne a year after his separation from Tebbutt. Albanese is the first divorcee to be appointed prime minister.

Albanese describes himself as "half-Italian and half-Irish" and a "non-practising Catholic". He is also a music fan who, not long after becoming prime minister, attended a Gang of Youths concert at the Enmore Theatre and previously intervened as transport minister to save a Dolly Parton tour from bureaucratic red tape. In 2013, he co-hosted a pre-election special of music program Rage and his song selection included the Pixies, the Pogues, the Smiths, the Triffids, PJ Harvey, Nirvana, Hunters & Collectors and Joy Division.

As a lifelong supporter of the South Sydney Rabbitohs rugby league club, he was a board member of the club from 1999 to 2002 and influential in the fight to have the club readmitted to the National Rugby League (NRL) competition. During October 2009, The Sydney Morning Herald reported that Albanese had opposed an attempt to appoint the former Liberal prime minister John Howard to a senior position in the NRL. Albanese stated he had phoned the NRL chief executive, David Gallop, as well as other league officials, to advise them against the idea. He then implored officials at Souths to help stop the suggestion from gaining momentum. In 2013, he was made a life member of the club. He is also a fan of Australian rules football, and supports the Hawthorn Football Club.

Albanese was injured in a side collision while driving in Marrickville, New South Wales, on 8 January 2021. He underwent treatment at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital and was reportedly "injured externally and internally and had suffered considerable shock in the immediate aftermath of the impact". The other driver was a 17-year-old who received a ticket for negligent driving. Emergency workers told Albanese that if the teen's car had hit just 30 centimetres either side of where it did, Albanese "would almost certainly have been killed". Shortly following this accident, Albanese lost over 18 kilograms (39 pounds) by cutting out carbohydrates and reducing his alcohol intake, in an effort to be "match fit" for his election campaign.

See also
 First Rudd Ministry (2007–2010)
 First Gillard Ministry (June–September 2010)
 Second Gillard Ministry (2010–2013)
 Second Rudd Ministry (June–September 2013)
 Shadow Ministry of Anthony Albanese (2019–2022)
 Albanese Ministry (2022–present)

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

|-

|-

|-

|-

|-

1963 births
20th-century Australian politicians
21st-century Australian politicians
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
Australian people of Irish descent
Australian politicians of Italian descent
Australian republicans
Australian Roman Catholics
Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia
Gillard government
Labor Left politicians
Leaders of the Australian House of Representatives
Leaders of the Australian Labor Party
Living people
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Grayndler
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Politicians from Sydney
Leaders of the Opposition (Australia)
Prime Ministers of Australia
Rudd government
Spouses of Australian politicians
University of Sydney alumni

Anthony Albanese


John Palaiologos (; 1288/89–1326) was a member of the reigning Palaiologos dynasty of the Byzantine Empire, who served as governor of Thessalonica.

Life
He was the son of the general Constantine Palaiologos, in turn a son of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos (reigned 1259–1282), and his wife Irene Palaiologina Raoulaina.

In 1305 John received the court rank of panhypersebastos. By 1325/26, at a time of civil war, he was governor of Thessalonica. In 1326 he rebelled against his uncle, Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos, and joined the forces of the Serbian ruler, Stephen Uroš III Dečanski, with whom he plundered the Byzantine domains in central Macedonia up to Serres. Andronikos II sought to placate him by sending envoys bearing the insignia of a Caesar, the second-highest title in Byzantine court hierarchy, and John agreed to give up his revolt and return to Thessalonica. However, he contracted an illness and died soon after at Skopje.

Shortly after 1305/06 John married a lady named Eirene, daughter of Theodoros Metochites. The couple had a daughter, Maria, who became Stephen Uroš's queen consort, and an unnamed son, who was killed at the Battle of Rusokastro in 1332.

References

1280s births
1326 deaths
14th-century Byzantine people
Byzantine governors of Thessalonica
Byzantine defectors
Caesars (Byzantine nobles)
John
People from the Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)
Panhypersebastoi

John Palaiologos (Caesar)