Sirius XM Indie, formerly known as Maxim Radio and Stars Too, was a talk channel heard on the Sirius and XM satellite radio platforms. The channel is a spin-off of its sister station Sirius XM Stars.

History

Maxim Radio (2005–2008)
On February 5, 2005, Maxim Radio was launched on Sirius Satellite Radio, and had several popular shows.  The morning show was hosted by Steve Covino and  Rich Davis.  Sami J began as the producer/director. Later Sami J was replaced by Spot. Covino & Rich aired from 3-7pm EST and replayed from 6-10am the following weekday, after former afternoon host Mike Bower moved to mornings.  He was joined by Scooter and the provocative Producer Laura. The Nighttime Nation was hosted by Evan Roberts and Brian O'Leary with producer Rory Hamptons. The night time slot was later taken over by John Devore and Diana Falzone. with producer Princess Lea. On July 26, 2007, Stretch, host of the hourly "man-ER-tainment Report" moved to the late-morning shift, with his show starting at 10:00 AM Eastern.

Sirius XM Stars Too (2008–2013)
On November 12, 2008, when Sirius and XM merged their channel lineups, Sirius Stars personality Jay Thomas announced his show was moving to a yet-to-be-determined channel, which was later revealed to be Maxim Radio. Afterwards, morning man Stretch announced on his MySpace that Sirius and Maxim were terminating their partnership, and that he did not make the cut for the new channel lineup. Stretch was later rehired and became the producer of Faction's The Jason Ellis Show. John Devore and Diana Falzone were split up onto other channels, with Diane moving to Cosmo Radio and John moving to a political talk channel. His show begins in the near future.

Sirius XM Stars Too debuted on Sirius 108 and XM 139 on November 17, 2008, at midnight eastern time. The channel indeed brought Jay Thomas' show to afternoons, with Vinnie Politan in the morning, and Covino and Rich from Maxim Radio in mid-days. The evening and overnight schedules replayed the 9 hours of live programming. In 2009, Sirius XM expanded Stars Too's weekend programming lineup with more original and syndicated programming. Fridays introduced Game On with Jordan Harbinger in the evenings. Game On replays were added to weekends, along with a Best of Mad Dog Radio special with highlights from sister channel Mad Dog Radio. Syndicated offerings included Motor Trend Radio from Talk Radio Network, Into Tomorrow with Dave Graveline from Lifestyle Talk Radio Network, and Tom Gresham's Gun Talk from Talk Shows USA. Stars Too also brought over the XM series, America's Car Show with Tom Torbjornsen. Following the Sirius XM channel change in May 2011, Stars Too moved to channel 104 on both services.

Indie (2013–)
Indie channel, launched on February 13, 2013, features daily shows hosted by Pete Dominick, Covino & Rich and Jay Thomas, plus shows from Rotten Tomatoes, BuzzFeed, Neil Strauss and others.

References

External links
Sirius XM Indie

XM Satellite Radio channels
News and talk radio stations in the United States
Sirius Satellite Radio channels
Radio stations established in 2005
Defunct radio stations in the United States

Sirius XM Indie


The sine rule or law of sines, is a theorem in mathematics. It says that, if you have a triangle like the one in the picture, the equation below is true.

This is another version, which is also true.

D is equal to the diameter of the triangle's circumcircle.

The law of sines is used to find the remaining sides of a triangle when two angles and a side are known. This is known as triangulation. The law of sines can also be used when two sides and one of the angles not enclosed by the two sides are known. In some such cases, the formula gives two possible values for the enclosed angle. This is called an ambiguous case.

The law of sines is one of two trigonometric equations which is used to find lengths and angles in scalene triangles. The other is the law of cosines.

Proof
The area  of any triangle can be written as one half of its base times its height (drawn from the vertex not on the base).  Depending on which side one chooses to be the base, the area can be given by

Multiplying these by  gives

References

Trigonometry

Law of sines


A sine wave is a curve, a continuous function with this shape:

This is a picture of a sine wave.

All waves can be made by adding up sine waves. The sine wave has a pattern that repeats. The length of this repeating piece of the sine wave is called the wavelength. The wavelength can be found by measuring the length or distance between one peak of a sine wave and the next peak. The wavelength can be found in many other ways too.

Waves made of Sine Waves
Waves are found everywhere in the natural world. Examples of waves:
 sound
 light
 water waves
 earthquake waves
All of these waves are the sum total of many signals.

Properties of Sine Waves
Sine waves have a "length" called a wavelength. There are other properties of waves and sine waves, such as their frequency, amplitude, phase, and speed.

Sine waves repeat over time, so this makes them periodic. The time it takes for a part of the sine wave (one cycle) to travel before it repeats itself is called the period, represented by the letter T. The frequency of a sine wave is the number of oscillations it makes in one second. This is measured in Hertz, which have units of s-1. The frequency can be found by dividing 1/T (this is also called taking the reciprocal).

Wave physics

Sine wave


Fish and chips is a traditional British food that originally came from the UK. It is a popular kind of fast food in some parts of the world. As the name says, it is made of chips and a deep fried fish fillet.
Shops and restaurants that have fish and chips are easy to find in Australia and New Zealand. They are most common in England. The first Fish and Chips were found in the East end of London in the late 19th Century. So they are not as traditional as we think.

The fish
Traditionally, cod, haddock, or (rarely) flounder are used to make fish and chips. Of these, cod is by far the most popular. Other fish with white meat can be used as well, for example whiting or plaice. Many places that serve fish and chips have more than one kind of fish. The customers can then choose what kind of fish they want...

The fish is always dipped in batter, which is a kind of liquid mixture which hardens upon frying. After that, it will be fried for a short time. The phrase 'fish & chips' implies that it will be fried in batter; of course, in a fish restaurant, grilling or boiling would be alternatives. Fish cooked like that do not have batter. Typically Fish and Chips is eaten with lots of vinegar and salt.

The chips
The chips are made from sliced potatoes. They are larger than French fries. Large slices of potatoes are fried.

Other side-dishes
Very often there are other side-dishes that are served with Fish and chips (also called a 'chippie' or 'fish shop'). They include mushy peas, onions, gherkins(which are baby cucumbers),baked beans and saveloys (long sausages). Sometimes, you can ask for 'scrapings' which are the bits of crunchy batter that have fallen off the fish when it was frying.
In Northern England there is also the variety chips and gravy (a little sauce) on the chips. It is less common in the rest of the country but sometimes you can also find 'curry sauce' in other parts of the UK. In Australia and New Zealand, fish and chip takeaway shops often offer sides like corn dogs and grilled cheese sandwich's.

Other things to note

Fish and chips are also sold out of mobile shops. Very often the shops and restaurants that serve fish and chips do not have a license to serve alcohol. Some nutritionists criticize fish and chips, because the meal contains a large amount of fat.

Other websites

Seafood dishes
British food
Fried foods

Fish and chips


Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia. They are small, herbaceous, biennial or perennial plants with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow flowers with four petals.

Selected species

Barbarea australis
Barbarea balcana
Barbarea bosniaca
Barbarea bracteosa
Barbarea conferta
Barbarea hongii
Barbarea intermedia
Barbarea lepuznica
Barbarea longirostris
Barbarea orthoceras
Barbarea rupicola
Barbarea sicula
Barbarea stricta
Barbarea taiwaniana
Barbarea verna
Barbarea vulgaris

Uses
They grow into rosettes of edible cress foliage that resemble dandelion leaves. Barbarea verna, known as upland cress, early winter cress, American cress, Belle Isle cress and scurvy grass, is used to add a spicy taste to salads and mixed leaf greens for cooking.

Chemical compounds
Winter cress contains different glucosinolates, flavonoids, and saponins.

See also
 Rocket (arugula)

References

External links
Flora Europaea: Barbarea
Flora of China: Barbarea

Brassicaceae genera
Leaf vegetables

Barbarea


A number line is a line with integers (simply ordinary numbers, ...-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3...) on it extending forever in both directions. Usually, zero (0) is placed in the middle of the line. The numbers have an equal space from each other. Other numbers in between the numbers on the line represent rational, irrational, and other types of real numbers.

There is another number line, equally valid and useful, that extends vertically through 0 (the origin) at right angles to our traditional number line and uses imaginary numbers (i). These so-called imaginary numbers extend above and below the traditional number line and are used in very real calculations in many areas of science and technology and also extend in both directions forever (into infinity).

Different forms
A number line is usually drawn as a simple horizontal line. Another form is the helical number line. If the line of numbers is wrapped around a cylinder following an upward helical path, it becomes a helical number line.
If the circumference of the cylinder is equal to the length occupied by ten numbers on the number line, it then becomes a decimal helical number line, and the numbers arrange themselves into columns, each number in a particular column having the same number ending.

Related pages
 Real number
 Complex plane

Mathematics
Numbers

Number line


Henry George Grey, 3rd Earl Grey  (28 December 18029 October 1894), known as Viscount Howick from 1807 until 1845, was an English statesman and cabinet minister in the government of the United Kingdom.

Background
Grey was the eldest son of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, who served as Prime Minister in the 1830s, by his wife The Honorable Mary Ponsonby, daughter of William Ponsonby, 1st Baron Ponsonby.

Political career
He entered parliament in 1826, under the title of Viscount Howick, as Whig member for Winchelsea, and then briefly for Higham Ferrers before settling for a northern constituency.  Northumberland in 1831 was followed by North Northumberland after the Great Reform Act 1832.  He remained in the parliaments dominated by his party and later by Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister.

On the accession of the Whigs to power in 1830, when his father became prime minister, he was made Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies.  This gave him responsibility for Britain's colonial possessions and laid the foundation of his intimate acquaintance with colonial questions.  He belonged at the time to the more advanced party of colonial reformers, sharing the views of Edward Gibbon Wakefield on questions of land and emigration, and resigned in 1834 from dissatisfaction that slave emancipation was made gradual instead of immediate. In 1835 he entered Lord Melbourne's cabinet as Secretary at War, and effected some valuable administrative reforms, especially by suppressing malpractices detrimental to the troops in India.  After the partial reconstruction of the ministry in 1839, he again resigned, disapproving of the more advanced views of some of his colleagues.

These repeated resignations gave him a reputation for crotchetiness, which he did not decrease by his disposition to embarrass his old colleagues by his action on free trade questions in the session of 1841.

After being returned unopposed at the first three general elections in Northern division of Northumberland, Howick was defeated at the 1841 general election. He returned to the Commons after a few months absence, when he was elected for the borough of Sunderland at by-election in September 1841.

During the exile of the Liberals from power he went still farther on the path of free trade, and anticipated Lord John Russell's declaration against the corn laws. When, on Sir Robert Peel's resignation in December 1845, Lord John Russell was called upon to form a ministry, Howick, who had become Earl Grey by the death of his father in the preceding July, refused to enter the new cabinet if Lord Palmerston were foreign secretary. He was greatly censured for perverseness, and particularly when in the following July he accepted Lord Palmerston as a colleague without remonstrance. His conduct, nevertheless, afforded Lord John Russell an escape from an embarrassing situation.

Becoming colonial secretary in 1846, he found himself everywhere confronted with arduous problems, which in the main he encountered with success. His administration formed an epoch. He was the first minister to proclaim that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and not for the mother countries; the first systematically to accord them self-government so far as then seemed possible; the first to introduce free trade into their relations with Great Britain and Ireland. The concession by which colonies were allowed to tax imports from the mother-country ad libitum was not his; he protested against it, but was overruled. In the West Indies he suppressed, if he could not overcome, discontent; in Ceylon he put down rebellion; in New Zealand he suspended the constitution he had himself accorded, and yielded everything into the hands of Sir George Grey. The least successful part of his administration was his treatment of the convict question at the Cape of Good Hope, which seemed an exception to his rule that the colonies were to be governed for their own benefit and in accordance with their own wishes, and subjected him to a humiliating defeat.

Frustrated that plans for a loan to relieve the Irish famine and fund emigration schemes from the area had failed Grey developed his plans for an alternative currency system to the Bank of England central bank model. It became known as a currency board and he set up the first one in cooperation with James Wilson and the Mauritian colonial government in Mauritius.

In 1848 Grey was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Council representing the City of Melbourne despite never visiting the colony; his seat was declared vacant in 1850 due to his non-attendance. This election was a protest against rule from Sydney and in 1850 Grey introduced the Australian Colonies Government Act which separated the district from New South Wales to become the colony of Victoria.

After his retirement he wrote a history and defence of his colonial policy in the form of letters to Lord John Russell (Colonial Policy of Lord John Russell's Administration, 1853). He resigned with his colleagues in  February 1852. No room was found for him in the Aberdeen ministry formed in December that year, and although during the Crimean struggle public opinion pointed to him as the fittest man as minister for war, he never again held office. During the remainder of his long life he exercised a vigilant criticism on public affairs. In 1858 he wrote a work (republished in 1864) on parliamentary reform; in 1888 he wrote another on the state of Ireland; and in 1892 one on the United States tariff. In his latter years he was a frequent contributor of weighty letters to The Times on land, tithes, currency and other public questions. His principal parliamentary appearances were when he moved for a committee on Irish affairs in 1866, and when in 1878 he passionately opposed the policy of the Beaconsfield cabinet in India. He nevertheless supported Lord Beaconsfield at the dissolution, regarding William Ewart Gladstone's accession to power with much greater alarm. He was a determined opponent of Gladstone's Home rule policy.

Family
Lord Grey married on 9 August 1832, to Maria, daughter of Sir Joseph Copley, 3rd Baronet of Sprotborough. They had no children. She died in September 1879. Lord Grey survived her by fifteen years and died on 9 October 1894, aged 91.  He was succeeded in the earldom by his nephew, Albert Grey (born 1851). The suburb of Howick in Auckland, New Zealand, is named after the earl.

Legacy
He was author of several books, including:

- Colonial Policy of the Administration of Lord John Russell (1853)

- Parliamentary government considered with reference to a reform of Parliament (1858)

- Parliamentary government considered with reference to a reform of Parliament. A new edition containing suggestions for improvement of our representative system...(1864)

References

External links

image of the Earl Grey

1802 births
1894 deaths
Children of prime ministers of the United Kingdom
Earls Grey
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George
Knights of the Garter
Lord-Lieutenants of Northumberland
Secretaries of State for War and the Colonies
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Council
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
UK MPs 1826–1830
UK MPs 1830–1831
UK MPs 1832–1835
UK MPs 1835–1837
UK MPs 1837–1841
UK MPs 1841–1847
Grey, E3
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Children of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey

Henry Grey, 3rd Earl Grey


All Together Dead is the seventh book in Charlaine Harris's series The Southern Vampire Mysteries.

Plot summary
The summit, which has attracted undead power players from all over the central United States, is sure to be tense, due partly to the ramping up of protests by the conservative, anti-vampire Fellowship of the Sun. Accused of murdering her husband, the King of Arkansas, Sophie-Anne is set to stand trial at the convention. The Queen is already in a precarious position, her power base weakened by the damage to New Orleans from Hurricane Katrina, and there are some vampires who would like to finish what nature started. Sophie-Anne's main accuser is Jennifer Cater, a vampire who had been training to be the king's lieutenant at the time of his death. Jennifer is determined to see Sophie-Anne staked in the sun for murdering the king, although Sookie knows the Queen is innocent of the crime.

Sophie-Anne plans to put Sookie's gift to good use, having her "listen in" on the thoughts of the humans working for the other vampires at the convention as well as for the hotel, as alliances are formed and allegiances tested in what can only be described as a political power struggle of potentially deadly implications. The story opens with Sookie entering Fangtasia to talk to Eric and those who pay him fealty, as they discuss the accusations against Sophie-Anne. Sookie agrees to work for Sophie-Anne, despite the warnings of her fairy godmother, Claudine, that being at the convention will forever tie Sookie to vampire politics in the mind of all of the attendees, in a very public way. Meanwhile, her relationship with Quinn heats up.

At the convention, Sookie meets Barry "Bellboy" Horowitz, the only other telepath she knows. Soon after they arrive, Jennifer Cater and most of the Arkansas entourage are brutally murdered, which simplifies the trial for the Queen. Sookie soon proves invaluable to the Queen as she makes the great suggestion that the Queen appoint her closest friend and "child," Andre, to be King of Arkansas, and then to marry him. Sookie also finds a bomb planted outside of the Louisiana suite, and saves the Queen. She also uncovers something shocking about Quinn—as a teen, he killed a group of men who were raping his mother, and then became indebted to some local vampires in order to cover up the crime. He had to work as a weretiger/gladiator in a ring for three years, and in the process became a fearsome fighter.

At the Queen's trial, Sookie saves the queen yet again as, being the only witness, she applies logic to prove that the queen is innocent and that her accusers are being manipulated. In response, one of the main accusers is staked right in the courtroom. Impressed with her usefulness, Andre accosts Sookie and begins to force her to exchange blood with him, to tie her permanently and closely to the queen. She escapes this violation only by the intercession of Eric, who has her exchange more blood with him. This third, major blood exchange with Eric causes Sookie to become more powerful, and frighteningly vampiric, even though she is still human. She can feel Eric very powerfully, and he now has the power to turn her into a vampire at any time. Sookie realizes with dread that she will never be free of Eric's control.

Sookie and Barry the Bellboy then put together a number of clues they have had throughout the convention and realize that multiple bombs have been planted throughout the hotel by the Fellowship of the Sun, and they are set to go off during the daytime when the vampires will all be asleep and helpless. She and Barry's quick thinking enable some vampires and some humans to get free, and Barry and Sookie team up to use their telepathy to find injured humans. Sookie finds Andre, who has only minor injuries, and watches impassively as Quinn stakes him in order to free her from his control. Queen Sophie-Anne escapes, but loses her legs. Sookie rescues Eric and Pam, and they and Bill escape with minor injuries, but the death toll for humans and vampires is very high.

See also

Characters of The Southern Vampire Mysteries
Characters of True Blood
True Blood

The Southern Vampire Mysteries
American vampire novels
2007 American novels
2007 fantasy novels
Ace Books books

All Together Dead


The IX District, also known as Länsiranta (Finnish; Väststranden in Swedish, meaning 'west bank'), is one of the central districts of Turku, Finland. As its alias suggests, it is located on the west side of the river Aura, between the Kakola hill in the neighbouring VIII District (Port Arthur). The district contains numerous museums and other cultural venues, such as the Turku conservatory.

The district has a population of 1,368 () and an annual population growth rate of +0.14%. 11.83% of the district's population are under 15 years old, while 11.98% are over 65. The district's linguistic makeup is 90.76% Finnish, 6.13% Swedish, and 3.10% other.

See also
 Districts of Turku
 Districts of Turku by population

9

IX District, Turku


Hay is grass and other plants that have been cut, dried and collected. It can then be stored in piles (called hay stacks), or tied into blocks called bales. Bales can be round or box shaped (usually called square bales).

Hay is mostly used to feed animals. Some animals that eat hay are horses, cattle, goats, donkeys, and rabbits. Hay is fed when there is not enough pasture or rangeland on which an animal can graze or they can't graze year round. Farmers and ranchers often need to use hay in the winter when grass is not available.

Hay is different than straw.  Hay is made from leafy grass and other plants (such as alfalfa) and is good for feeding animals.  Straw comes from the stems of cereal grains, and is not very nutritious.  Straw is normally used for bedding to keep animals warm and dry.

Other websites

Poales
Agriculture

Hay


Þór Breiðfjörð Kristinsson (born 20 June 1971), also simply known as Thor Kristinsson, is an Icelandic-born singer-songwriter with a background in musical theatre. He has starred in several musical productions both in the UK and in Iceland. In 2008 he released his debut album, Running Naked.

Career
Thor Kristinsson started his career playing in cafés and bars in Reykjavík in the late eighties and early nineties before moving on to songwriting and session singing. His debut within the theatre was in the musical Hair in 1994 in and in 1995 he took on the role of Judas in the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar.

In 1996 Thor moved to London where he studied Musical Theatre at Arts Educational Schools, London. After his graduation, Thor starred in Jesus Christ Superstar on West End and later in Les Misérables where he played a few of the major roles. On a tour around the UK Thor had the chance to play the role of Jean Valjean himself when he was understudying Colm Wilkinson in his comeback in Dublin to the role that made him famous.
In 2000 Thor created the part of Jehovah in the new musical Roll Over Jehovah at the New End Theatre in Hampstead and toured the United Kingdom in 2001 playing The Phantom in Ken Hill's Phantom of the Opera. In 2004 Thor appeared at the London Playhouse as the jilted lover Count Paris, in a version of Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, sharing the stage with stars such as Derek Jacobi, Timothy Dalton, Joanna Lumley and Dawn French.

Thor has also made various appearances on Icelandic national television and radio both as a solo artist and with the band Zalka.  He has appeared in several music videos and films as well as one episode of the BBC TV series All Along the Watchtower.

In 2008 Thor released his debut solo album Running Naked with multi-award winning Canadian producer Fred Lavery. The album was made in Atlantic canada and received a nomination at the East Coast Music Awards in 2010. Thor was selected to play at the awards.

In 2009 Thor was chosen by Microsoft to participate in a campaign in collaboration with ReverbNation where 1000 artists, including established indie-bands such as The Lemonheads and Warren G, could offer their fans a free download of one of their songs, compensated by Microsoft. Thor's single "Sunny Day" was downloaded nearly 2600 times during the three months that the campaign lasted and landed in the top 80 of these 1000 songs.

Discography
Running Naked (2008)

References

External links
 Official site
 Thor Kristinsson on ReverbNation

Thor Kristinsson
1971 births
Living people
Thor Kristinsson

Thor Kristinsson


The Summer of Love is the name for the summer of 1967 in the United States, especially in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, California. Thousands of young people from all over the world went to San Francisco to help create a hippie counterculture. The Summer of Love made the rest of America much more aware of the hippie movement. The Human Be-In is often called the start of the Summer of Love, although it happened in January of that year.

During the Summer of Love, as many as 100,000 young people from around the world travelled to San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district, Berkeley, California, and other cities in the San Francisco area. Once there, they joined in a popular version of the hippie experience. The people who were a part of the Summer of Love are sometimes called "Flower Children". When these new Flower Children returned home at the end of summer, they brought their new clothing, ideas and behaviors to most major cities in the U.S., Canada, Britain, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand.

References

1967 in California
American culture
20th century in San Francisco
Sexual revolution

Summer of Love


The Anahim Volcanic Belt is a nearly east–west line of volcanoes stretches from the west coast of British Columbia, Canada, just north of Vancouver Island, and reaches into the Interior Plateau near Quesnel. The farther away from the coast, the younger the volcanoes tend to be. These volcanoes are thought to have formed because of the North American continent sliding westward over the Anahim hotspot. Volcanoes in this belt include the Rainbow, Ilgachuz, and Itcha Ranges, and the Nazko Cone, which last erupted about 7200 years ago.

Volcanoes of British Columbia

Anahim Volcanic Belt


Radolfzell at the Bodensee is northwest a city on the west bank of Bodensee of about 18 km from Konstanz. It is after Konstanz and Singen (Hohentwiel) the third biggest city of the district Konstanz. Since 1 January 1975 Radolfzell is large district town.

Neighbour cities
Following cities and municipalities border on the city Radolfzell at the Bodensee. They are called in the clockwise direction beginning in the southwest: Moos (at the Bodensee), Singen (Hohentwiel), Steisslingen, Orsingen, Nenzingen(all district Konstanz).

Other websites

Towns in Baden-Württemberg
Konstanz (district)

Radolfzell


James Barry  (11 October 1741 – 22 February 1806) was an Irish painter, best remembered for his six-part series of paintings entitled The Progress of Human Culture in the Great Room of the Royal Society of Arts in London. Because of his determination to create art according to his own principles rather than those of his patrons, he is also noted for being one of the earliest romantic painters working in Britain, though as an artist few rated him highly until the fully comprehensive 1983 exhibition at the Tate Gallery led to a reassessment of this "notoriously belligerent personality", who emerged as one of the most important Irish artists. He was also notable as a profound influence on William Blake.

Life and work
James Barry was born in Water Lane (now Seminary Road) on the northside of Cork, Ireland on 11 October 1741. His father had been a builder, and, at one time of his life, a coasting trader between England and Ireland. Barry actually made several voyages as a boy, but convinced his father to let him study drawing and art. He first studied painting under local artist John Butts. At the schools in Cork to which he was sent he was regarded as a prodigy. About the age of seventeen he first attempted oil painting, and between that and the age of twenty-two, when he first went to Dublin, he produced several large pictures, which decorated his father's house, such as Aeneas escaping with his Family from the Flames of Troy, Susanna and the Elders and Daniel in the Lions' Den".

The painting that first brought him into public notice, and gained him the acquaintance and patronage of Edmund Burke, was founded on an old tradition of the landing of St Patrick on the sea-coast of Cashel, (this is a mistake reproduced from another source, Cashel is an inland town far from the sea) and of the conversion and Baptism of the King of Cashel  It was exhibited in London in 1762 or 1763 and rediscovered in the 1980s, in unexhibitable condition.

By the liberality of Burke and his other friends, Barry in the latter part of 1765 was enabled to go abroad. He went first to Paris, then to Rome, where he remained upwards of three years, from Rome to Florence and Bologna, and thence home through Venice. While in Italy, he became friendly with the Scottish painter Alexander Runciman and the Swedish sculptor Tobias Sergel. His letters to the Burkes, giving an account of Raphael, Michelangelo, Titian and Leonardo da Vinci, show remarkable insight. Barry painted two pictures while abroad, an Adam and Eve and a Philoctetes.

Soon after his return to England in 1771 he produced his picture of Venus, which was compared to the Galatea of Raphael, the Venus of Titian and the Venus de Medici. In 1773 he exhibited his Jupiter and Juno on Mount Ida. His Death of General Wolfe, in which the British and French soldiers are represented in very primitive costumes, was considered as a falling-off from his great style of art. His fondness for Greek costume was assigned by his admirers as the cause of his reluctance to paint portraits. His failure to go on with a portrait of Edmund Burke which he had begun caused a misunderstanding with his early patron. The difference between them is said to have been widened by Burke's growing intimacy with Sir Joshua Reynolds, and by Barry's jealousy of the fame and fortune of his rival "in a humbler walk of the art." About the same time he painted a pair of classical subjects, Mercury inventing the lyre, and Narcissus, the last suggested to him by Burke. He also painted a historical picture of Chiron and Achilles, and another of the story of Stratonice, for which last the duke of Richmond gave him a hundred guineas.

In 1773 it was proposed to decorate the interior of St Paul's with historical and sacred subjects; but the plan fell to the ground, from not meeting with the agreement of the bishop of London and the Archbishop of Canterbury. Barry was upset by the failure, for he had in anticipation fixed the subject he intended to paint — the rejection of Christ by the Jews when Pilate proposes his release. In 1773 he published An Inquiry into the real and imaginary Obstructions to the Acquisition of the Arts in England, vindicating the capacity of the English for the fine arts and tracing their slow progress to the Reformation, to political and civil dissensions, and lastly to the general direction of the public mind to mechanics, manufactures and commerce.

In 1774 a proposal was made through Valentine Green to Sir Joshua Reynolds, Benjamin West, Cipriani, Barry, and other artists to ornament the Great Room of the Society for the encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce  (now the Royal Society of Arts), in London's Adelphi, with historical and allegorical paintings. This proposal was at the time rejected by the artists; but in 1777 Barry made an offer to paint the whole on condition that he was allowed the choice of his subjects, and that he would be paid by the society the costs of canvas, paints and models. His offer was accepted. He finished the series of pictures after seven years to the satisfaction of the members of the society, who granted him two exhibitions, and at subsequent periods voted him 50 guineas, a gold medal, and a further 200 guineas. Barry regularly returned to the series for more than a decade, making changes and inserting new features. The series of six paintings—The progress of human knowledge and culture—has been described by critic Andrew Graham-Dixon as "Britain's late, great answer to the Sistine Chapel".

Soon after his return from the continent Barry was chosen a member of the Royal Academy of Arts; and in 1782 he was appointed professor of painting in the room of Edward Penny with a salary of £30 a year. Among other things, he insisted on the necessity of purchasing a collection of pictures by the best masters as models for the students, and proposed several of those in the Orleans collection. This recommendation was not relished, and in 1799 Barry was expelled from the Academy soon after the appearance of his Letter to the Dilettanti Society, an eccentric publication, full of enthusiasm for his art and at the same time of contempt for the living professors of it. Barry remained the only academician ever to be expelled by the Academy until Brendan Neiland in July 2004.

During his time at the Royal Academy of Arts, Barry painted The Thames (or Triumph of Navigation) in 1791, which featured the English music historian Charles Burney.

After the loss of his salary, a subscription was set on foot by the Earl of Buchan to relieve him from his difficulties, and to settle him in a larger house to finish his picture of Pandora. The subscription amounted to £1000, with which an annuity was bought, but on 6 February 1806 he was seized with illness and died on the 22nd of the same month. On 4 March his remains were interred in St Paul's Cathedral, London.

The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica has this to say:
As an artist, Barry was more distinguished for the strength of his conceptions, and for his resolute and persistent determination to apply himself only to great subjects, than for his skill in designing or for beauty in his colouring. His drawing is not especially good, his colouring ordinary. He was impulsive; sometimes morose, sometimes sociable and urbane; jealous of his contemporaries, and yet capable of pronouncing a splendid eulogy on Reynolds.

Barry also mastered the art of aquatint.

See also

British art
English school of painting
Irish art
List of people on stamps of Ireland

Notes

References

Pressly, William L. (1983).  James Barry: The Artist as Hero. London: The Tate Gallery.  (Catalogue of the 1983 exhibition)

External links

 The Correspondence of James Barry, new, annotated digital edition of all of Barry's known correspondence, edited by Tim McLoughlin.
 A National Treasure in New Brunswick:  James Barry's Death of General Wolfe
 The Collected works of James Barry is located at the Special Collections/Digital Library in Falvey Memorial Library at Villanova University.

A diary of sorts digitized by the Crawford Art Gallery. This book is currently stored at UCC.
 Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections

1741 births
1806 deaths
Artists from Cork (city)
Irish romantic painters
Royal Academicians
Irish male painters
Burials at St Paul's Cathedral

James Barry (painter)


George Keats (28 February 1797 – 24 December 1841) was an American businessman and civic leader in Louisville, Kentucky, as it emerged from a frontier entrepôt into a mercantile centre of the old northwest. He was also the younger brother of the Romantic poet John Keats.

During the years from 1821 to 1841, Keats led a philosophical society, meant to overcome
Louisville's raw culture, operating a literary salon in his living room which evolved
into the Lyceum and then into the board of Louisville College, the precursor to the University of Louisville.

In 1827, Keats was elected to the Ohio Bridge Commission, laying the foundation for the river's first crossing. The state government appointed him to the board of the Bank of Kentucky in 1832. He joined the boards of ten other organisations, including the Kentucky Historical Society and the Harlan Museum, which he headed. In 1841, he was elected to the city council.

Life
Keats, a younger brother of John Keats, was likely born in London's Moorfields district above the Swan and Hoop inn, owned by his grandfather John Jennings and managed by his father Thomas Keats. George had two other siblings: Thomas (1799–1818), and Frances Mary "Fanny" (1803–1889) who eventually married Spanish author Valentín Llanos Gutiérrez. Another brother was lost in infancy. By 1800 the family moved to Craven Street, a mile away in Hackney.  When George was six, and his brother John eight, they were sent to John Clarke's liberal school in Enfield.  After visiting the boys, their father was killed in a late-evening riding accident 15 April 1804. Ten weeks later, the boys' mother Frances Jennings Keats married William Rawlings, abandoning her children, including younger siblings Tom and Fanny, to live with her parents, retired in Edmonton. George was the future poet's closest friend and helpmate through Clarke's School in Enfield.

Grandfather Jennings died 8 March 1805. Their mother Frances Rawlings returned to her mother, destitute and disease-ridden, to die of consumption before 10 March 1810. Their grandmother Alice Whalley Jennings relinquished custody to guardians, including Richard Abbey, in July 1810 and subsequently died before 19 December 1814. Abbey removed the boys from Clarke's school, apprenticing John Keats to Thomas Hammond, an Edmonton surgeon, and taking George Keats into his tea wholesaling business on Pancras Lane off London's Poultry street. George, thirteen, lived in a dormitory above Abbey's counting house, while sister Fanny stayed in the Abbeys' suburban home in Walthamstow.

In the fall of 1815 John Keats moved to London, registering at Guy's Hospital for courses in dressing, a step towards licensure as a surgeon. George and John maintained an active social life, in part revolving around John's increasing interest in poetry and his involvement with the Leigh Hunt circle. During these years George was an important helpmate and influence on the poet, acting as an agent, dealing with John's publisher, and serving as a house manager for the three siblings, including their sickly brother Tom. By the end of 1816 and into 1817, George quit Abbey's employment, John abandoned medicine for poetry, the boys left a noisy and smoky Cheapside for Hampstead, and George became engaged to Georgiana Augusta Wylie (c. 1797 – 3 April 1879).

Migration to America
George and Georgiana were married 28 May 1818 at St Margaret's, Westminster. He claimed a portion of his inheritance, which he deemed inadequate to start a business in London, and laid plans to acquire farmland in southern Illinois, seeking an American fortune. In June 1818 the couple departed London for Liverpool, accompanied by John Keats and his friend Charles Brown, who were setting forth on a Scottish walking tour. George and Georgiana booked passage for Philadelphia on the Telegraph.

The Keatses disembarked in late August 1818, journeying by wagon to Pittsburgh and by keelboat down the Ohio River to Henderson, Kentucky.  After traveling to nearby Edwards County, Illinois, to see their prospective investment in Morris Birkbeck's community of Wanborough, George dropped the idea and instead spent the winter in John James Audubon's home in Henderson.  Keats's experience may have served as a model for Charles Dickens' Martin Chuzzlewit, who also decided he was unprepared for sod-busting. He invested many of his funds in an Audubon steamboat venture, the Henderson, which failed immediately. Audubon's brother-in-law, Thomas W. Bakewell, then persuaded the Keatses to move to Louisville, Kentucky, in early 1819, to work in his sawmill there.

Settling in Louisville

During 1819, Keats bought into the Bakewell & Prentice sawmill, invested in a second steamboat, and learned of the 1 December 1818 death of his brother Tom to consumption. Strapped for cash, he borrowed passage back to London to claim his share of Tom's estate and to settle accounts with John. The visit with John was strained. George met John's love Fanny Brawne, without forming a positive impression. His and John's financial settlement left questions that plagued George for years thereafter. He left London 28 January 1820, and five days later John hemorrhaged blood, beginning his "posthumous year."

As he descended toward death, John Keats removed to Rome in search of a better climate. Broke, he was dependent on gifts and loans from friends, who thought that George should be contributing more from America. John died 23 February 1821. George ultimately settled all John's debts, but Charles Brown maligned him for twenty years, suggesting that he had deprived the poet of necessary funds.

During the 1820s, the Louisville & Portland Canal was completed, and as the city developed, so did the George Keats's sawmill venture. He expanded into property development, ultimately involving over thirty-five developments along Louisville's Main and Jefferson Streets. Always working with partners, including Daniel Smith and John J. Jacob, Keats culminated his building activities with the Louisville Hotel, built in 1835. He built a large home on the Jacobs' lot off Walnut Street, dubbed the "Englishman's Palace".

The Keatses arrived in America as nominal Anglicans, but later joined the nascent Unitarian church, hosting its young leader James Freeman Clarke for a year in their household. At the same time Keats befriended the newspaper editor, George Dennison Prentice.

Although the Keats circle of London friends were liberals who abhorred slavery, George rented slaves for his mill, due to the lack of available white labour. He eventually owned three household slaves. His political views shifted towards Whiggery, especially anti-Jackson. In 1841, Keats completed his assimilation into Louisville's establishment by winning election to the City Council.

Death
Keats endorsed the notes of friends, including Thomas W. Bakewell, who had committed to build a large passenger steamboat. Caught up in the Panic of 1837, Bakewell defaulted, leaving Keats to reimburse the Portland Dry Dock Co. Keats liquidated his holdings to do so, but before he could restore his finances, he succumbed to a gastrointestinal ailment, dying on Christmas Eve 1841. His extensive library included many of John Keats's best letters, as well as Audubon's Ornithology, which would fetch over $1 million in contemporary dollars. George Keats' body was buried in Louisville's Cave Hill Cemetery.

Family
The Keatses' eight children were:

After George's death, Georgiana married John Jeffrey (2 June 1817 – 15 February 1881), 20 years younger than George, in 1843, moving with him to Cincinnati, Ohio and to Lexington, Kentucky, where she died.

Emma Speed met Oscar Wilde when he lectured in Louisville in 1882, and later sent him an autograph manuscript by her uncle John Keats of his poem 'Sonnet on Blue'.

Isabel Keats died, a likely suicide, in the family home months after her mother's remarriage. The descendants of Georgiana, Emma, Ella, and Alice ultimately numbered over 500.

Legacy

Reputation
James Freeman Clarke contributed a memorial sketch of George Keats to The Dial, edited by Ralph Waldo Emerson, in 1843.  He wrote, in part, "He was one of the most intellectual men I ever knew. I never saw him when his mind was inactive. It was strange to find, in those days, on the banks of the Ohio, one who had successfully devoted himself to active pursuits, and yet retained so fine a sensibility… The love of his brother, which continued through his life to be among the deepest affections of his soul, was a pledge of their reunion again in another world." Clarke and others continued to defend George's character decades later.

The City of Louisville honored his accomplishments by naming a residential street Keats Avenue.

Creating John Keats's legacy
After his death, the poet's friends, including Charles Brown, Leigh Hunt and Percy Bysshe Shelley, discussed publication of a "Life and Letters" of John Keats, whereas his publisher John Taylor was reluctant to part with copyrights without a participation, which the others rejected. George Keats held John's best letters, and knowledge of the family story, while Brown owned a half-interest in a final Keats effort, a play. None could agree on who should prepare the legacy, until 1841 when George released his threatened injunction against Brown, who in turn handed his materials over to Richard Monckton Milnes, who never knew the poet. After George's death, John Jeffrey transcribed the poet's letters for Milnes, and in 1848 the latter published The Life, Letters, and Literary Remains of John Keats. Milnes's volumes were sufficiently thorough to make up for George's inability to publish a volume of his own.

References

External links
 Keats House, Hampstead: official website
 Keats-Shelley Memorial House, Rome
 The Keats Foundation

1797 births
1841 deaths
Politicians from Louisville, Kentucky
English emigrants to the United States
American slave owners
19th-century American businesspeople
Burials at Cave Hill Cemetery

George Keats


The peso is divided into 100 centavos. However, because the value of Colombia's currency is extremely low. Although 1 centavo and 5 centavo coins still exist, the lowest denomination of the Colombian peso that is commonly used is the 50 pesos coin.

The central bank of Colombia – Banco de la República – is the entity tasked with issuing Colombian currency and with monitoring and controlling the foreign exchange rate for the peso.

Summary

 The Colombian peso is the official currency of the Republic of Colombia.
 Colombian banknotes are printed in denominations of 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 pesos. Coins are also minted in denominations of 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 pesos.

 The central bank of Colombia – Banco de la República – is the entity tasked with issuing Colombian currency and monitoring and controlling the peso's foreign exchange rate.

Colombian Peso Currency

The peso was first produced in 1810, when it replaced the Spanish real. At that time, the peso was pegged to the real at an exchange rate of 8 reals to 1 peso. During the rest of the 19th century, Colombian currency included gold and silver coins in varying denominations, up to a 10 peso gold coin. Modern Colombian coins are minted, like those of other currencies, using primarily copper and nickel alloys.

In the early 20th century, the Colombian peso was pegged to the British pound sterling. Still, the government transferred the peg to the US dollar in 1931 at an exchange rate of 1.05 pesos to 1 US dollar, when Britain abandoned the gold standard. The peg to the US dollar remained until 1949, when continuing inflation in Colombia forced the central bank to abandon the US dollar peg.

Colombia ceased minting all centavos coins – those with a value of less than 1 peso – in 1984. In the most recently minted coin series in Colombia – the 2012 series – the lowest denomination coin minted and in circulation is the 50 pesos coin. Coins are also minted in denominations of 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 pesos.

Colombian banknotes are printed in denominations of 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 pesos. The 50,000 peso banknote is distinguished by the fact that, unlike most banknotes of any currency, its image is printed vertically instead of horizontally.

The Colombian Economy

Despite its inflation problems, Colombia's economy continues to thrive and grow remarkably, with the country's GDP growth rate reaching as high as nearly 7% in recent years.

Over the past century, the Colombian economy's undergone a dramatic transition, changing from an almost entire agrarian economy to an economy where the services sector accounts for more than half of the country's GDP.

Key Colombian exports include oil, coal, cut flowers, bananas, textiles, and emeralds. The country's mines produce 80%-90% of the world's total supply of emeralds. Colombia conducts substantial import-export trade worldwide. Its principal trading partners include both China and the United States.

However, despite its overall strong economic performance, Colombia faces consistently high poverty and unemployment rates. Just over 25% of the country's population lives below the poverty line, with unemployment rates fluctuating between 9% and 12% in recent years.

Currency of South America
Colombia

Colombian peso


In mathematics, a power series (in one variable) is an infinite series of the form

where an represents the coefficient of the nth term, c is a constant, and x varies around c (for this reason one sometimes speaks of the series as being centered at c). This series usually appears as the Taylor series of some known function; the Taylor series article contains many examples.

In many situations c is equal to zero, for example when considering a Maclaurin series.
In those cases, the power series takes the simpler form

These power series appear primarily in analysis, but also appear in combinatorics (under the name of generating functions) and in electrical engineering (under the name of the Z-transform).  The familiar decimal notation for integers can also be viewed as an example of a power series, but with the argument x fixed at 10.  In number theory, the concept of p-adic numbers is also closely related to that of a power series.

Sequences and series
Mathematical analysis
Complex analysis
Calculus

Power series


Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (12 August 1887 Vienna me - 4 January 1961 Vienna me ) ek Austrian Physicist rahaa. Uu quantum mechanics ke theory ke ek founder rahaa aur uske 1933 me Nobel Prize in Physics milaa rahaa.

Life

Schrödinger went to the Academic Gymnasium from 1898 to 1906.
Afterwards he studied mathematics and physics in Vienna and wrote his habilitation up from 1910.

He was soldier in World War I. Afterwards he got professorships in Zürich, Jena, Breslau and Stuttgart. In 1920 he married.
in 1927 he went to Berlin to fellow Max Planck.

After the take-over of power by the Nazis, Schrödinger left Germany and got a new professorship in Oxford.
In 1933 he was awarded the Nobel Prize.
Three years later he returned to Austria and became professor in Graz.
In 1938 he had to leave Austria, because the Nazis had taken over government.
He went to Dublin and became director of the School for Theoretical Physics.

In 1956 he returned to Vienna and got a professorship for Theoretical Physics.
He died of tuberculosis in 1961.

Important work

Schrödinger's most important work is the wave mechanics - a formulation of quantum mechanics, and especially the Schrödinger equation. He also worked on the field of biophysics. He invented the concept of negentropy and helped to develop molecular biology.

Other pages
 Schrödinger's cat

Other websites

 Biography in the Österreichische Zentralbibliothek für Physik (Austrian Central Libary of Physics)
 Original sound from the Austrian Mediathek: Erwin Schrödinger, Was ist Materie?
 Are there quantum jumps? (Schrödingers opinion on quantum physics 1950)

Austrian scientists
Physicists

Erwin Schrödinger


Central European Time is a time zone. It is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (what used to be called Greenwich Mean Time). Most countries in the central part of Europe and some countries in Africa follow it.

In Europe, the countries of Ireland, Great Britain, Iceland and Portugal use Western European Time. All the other countries, up to Norway, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and North Macedonia use Central European Time.

Algeria and Tunisia in Africa use CET but do not observe daylight saving time.

Time zones

Central European Time


Josef (Joseph) August Schultes (15 April 1773 in Vienna – 21 April 1831 in Landshut) was an Austrian botanist and professor from Vienna. Together with Johann Jacob Roemer (1763–1819), he published the 16th edition of Linnaeus' Systema Vegetabilium. In 1821, he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. He was the father of Julius Hermann Schultes (1804-1840).

In 1796 he received his doctorate at Vienna, where he was a student of Johann Peter Frank (1745-1821). Later on, he served as a professor of botany and natural history at the Theresianum in Vienna, followed by professorships at the Universities of Krakow (1806) and Innsbruck (1808). In 1809 he succeeded Franz von Paula Schrank (1747-1835) at the University of Landshut as a professor of natural history and botany. At Landshut, he also served as a medical director. Swedish botanist Carl Peter Thunberg commissioned Schultes to edit the first complete edition of his Flora Capensis, which was published in 1823.

Publications
 'Flora Austriaca, 1794 (two volumes) - Flora of Austria.
 Ausflüge nach dem Schneeberg, 1802 - Trips to Schneeberg.
 Catalogus plantarum primus horti botanici Cracoviensis Universitatis 1807, secundus 1808; (a study of the botanical garden in Krakow).
 Reisen durch Oberösterreich, 1809 (two volumes) - Travels through Upper Austria.
 Grundriss einer Geschichte und Literatur der Botanik von Theophrastos Eresics bis auf die neuesten Zeiten, 1817 - Outline of a history and literature of botany from Theophrastus to the latest times.
 Flora Capensis, 1823.
 Reise auf den Glockner, 1824 - Trip to the Grossglockner.

External links
Zoologica Göttingen State and University Library

Notes

19th-century Austrian botanists
Austrian taxonomists
1773 births
1831 deaths
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck

Josef August Schultes


Herbert Jay Solomon (April 16, 1930 – July 1, 2003), known by his stage name Herbie Mann, was an American jazz flute player and important early practitioner of world music. Early in his career, he also played tenor saxophone and clarinet (including bass clarinet), but Mann was among the first jazz musicians to specialize on the flute. His most popular single was "Hi-Jack", which was a Billboard No. 1 dance hit for three weeks in 1975.

Mann emphasized the groove approach in his music. Mann felt that from his repertoire, the "epitome of a groove record" was Memphis Underground or Push Push, because the "rhythm section locked all in one perception."

Early life, family and education
Herbie Mann was born in Brooklyn, New York, New York, to Jewish parents Harry C. Solomon (May 30, 1902 – May 31, 1980), who was of Russian descent, and Ruth Rose Solomon (née Brecher) (July 4, 1905 – November 11, 2004), of Romanian descent who was born in Bukovina, Austria-Hungary but immigrated to the United States with her family at the age of 6. Both of his parents were dancers and singers, as well as dance instructors later in life.

He attended Lincoln High School in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn.

Career
His first professional performance was playing the Catskills resorts at age 15. In the 1950s Mann was primarily a bop flutist, playing in combos with artists such as Phil Woods, occasionally playing bass clarinet, tenor saxophone and solo flute.

Mann was an early pioneer of the fusion of jazz and world music. In 1959, following a US State Department-sponsored tour of Africa, he recorded Flautista!, an album of Afro-Cuban jazz. In 1961, Mann toured Brazil, returning to the US to record with Brazilian musicians, including Antonio Carlos Jobim and guitarist Baden Powell. These albums helped popularize bossa nova in the US and Europe. He often worked with Brazilian themes. In the mid-1960s Mann hired a young Chick Corea to play in some of his bands. In the late 1970s and early 1980s Mann played duets at New York City's The Bottom Line and Village Gate clubs, with Sarod virtuoso Vasant Rai.

Following the 1969 hit album Memphis Underground, a number of smooth jazz records influenced by Southern soul, blues rock, reggae, funk and disco elicited criticism from jazz purists but allowed Mann to remain active during a period of declining interest in jazz. The musicians on these recordings are some of the best-known session players in soul and jazz, including singer Cissy Houston, guitarists Duane Allman, Larry Coryell, and Sonny Sharrock, bassists Donald "Duck" Dunn, Chuck Rainey, and Miroslav Vitous, and drummers Al Jackson, Jr. and Bernard Purdie. In this period Mann had a number of pop hits — rare for a jazz musician. According to a 1998 interview Mann had made at least 25 albums that were on the Billboard 200 pop charts, success denied most of his jazz peers."

Mann provided the music for the 1978 National Film Board of Canada animated short Afterlife, by Ishu Patel.

In the early 1970s, he founded his own label, Embryo Records, distributed by Cotillion Records, a division of Atlantic Records. Embryo produced jazz albums, such as Ron Carter's Uptown Conversation (1970); Miroslav Vitous' first solo album, Infinite Search (1969); Phil Woods and his European Rhythm Machine at the Frankfurt Jazz Festival (1971); and Dick Morrissey and Jim Mullen's Up (1976), which featured the Average White Band as a rhythm section; and the 730 Series, with a more rock-oriented style, including Zero Time (1971) by TONTO's Expanding Head Band. He later set up Kokopelli Records after difficulty with established labels. In 1996, Mann collaborated with Stereolab on the song "One Note Samba/Surfboard" for the AIDS-Benefit album Red Hot + Rio produced by the Red Hot Organization. Mann also played flutes on the Bee Gees' album Spirits Having Flown.

His last appearance was on May 3, 2003, at the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival.

In a review of Mann's Beyond Brooklyn (2004), his final recording (co-led with Phil Woods), critic George Kanzler proposed that Mann's status as an innovator had been overlooked:
...Mann's career, in both its questing nature and embrace of various musical styles, parallels that of Miles Davis. Mann championed Brazilian music even before Stan Getz. When Miles was fusing jazz with rock, Mann was fusing it with Memphis soul and Southern rock. He also was an early exponent of world music. But while Miles was usually hailed as a visionary, Mann was dismissed as just a popularizer selling out. It was a bum rap.

Personal life and death
Mann was married to Susan Janeal Arison. His four children are: Paul Mann, Claudia Mann, Laura Mann-Lepik and Geoffrey Mann. Geoff is a multi-instrumentalist who plays drums for Los Angeles-based metal/afrobeat group Here Lies Man.

After a long battle with prostate cancer, Herbie Mann died at age 73 on July 1, 2003, at his home in Pecos, New Mexico.

Discography

References

Notes

Sources
 Ginell, Cary, "The Evolution of Mann: Herbie Mann and the Flute in Jazz" - Hal Leonard Books, 2013

External links

Herbie Mann Interview allaboutjazz.com
National Public Radio's Jazz Profiles: Herbie Mann
Herbie Mann Official Website (final July 2008 snapshot on archive.org)

1930 births
2003 deaths
American dance musicians
American jazz flautists
American jazz composers
American male jazz composers
Bass clarinetists
American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
Jewish American jazz composers
Musicians from Brooklyn
Jazz musicians from New York City
Deaths from prostate cancer
Deaths from cancer in New Mexico
Atlantic Records artists
Savoy Records artists
Verve Records artists
Jewish jazz musicians
Chesky Records artists
20th-century American composers
Abraham Lincoln High School (Brooklyn) alumni
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century jazz composers
CTI Records artists
20th-century American Jews
21st-century American Jews
20th-century flautists

Herbie Mann


In petrology and geochemistry, an incompatible element is one that is unsuitable in size and/or charge to the cation sites of the minerals of which it is included. It is defined by the partition coefficient between rock-forming minerals and melt being much smaller than 1.

During the fractional crystallization of magma and magma generation by the partial melting of the Earth's mantle and crust, elements that have difficulty in entering cation sites of the minerals are concentrated in the melt phase of magma (liquid phase).

Two groups of incompatible elements that have difficulty entering the solid phase are known by acronyms. One group includes elements having large ionic radius, such as potassium, rubidium, caesium, strontium, barium (called LILE, or large-ion lithophile elements), and the other group includes elements of large ionic valences (or high charges), such as zirconium, niobium, hafnium, rare-earth elements (REE), thorium, uranium and tantalum (called HFSE, or high-field-strength elements).

Another way to classify incompatible elements is by mass (lanthanide series): light rare-earth elements (LREE) are La, Ce, Pr, Nd, and Sm, and heavy rare-earth elements (HREE) are Eu–Lu. Rocks or magmas that are rich, or only slightly depleted, in light rare-earth elements are referred to as "fertile", and those with strong depletions in LREE are referred to as "depleted".

See also
Compatibility (geochemistry)

References

Geochemistry
Igneous petrology

Incompatible element


A sulfone is a molecule that has a sulfur atom with bonds to two oxygen atoms. The sulfur has two double bonds to the two oxygens. It has a single bond with the other two groups. They are usually made by oxidising thioethers.

They are used in many important chemical reactions. For example, the Julia olefination uses a sulfone to make an alkene from an aldehyde. They are also sometimes used as solvents.

Functional groups
Organosulfur compounds

Sulfone