National Chiao Tung University (NCTU; ) was a public research university located in Hsinchu, Taiwan. Established in 1896 as Nanyang Public School by an imperial edict of the Guangxu Emperor, it was one of China's leading universities. After the Chinese Civil War, NCTU was re-established by former Chiao Tung University faculty and alumni in Taiwan in 1958.

NCTU was selected by Taiwan's Ministry of Educations as one of the seven national universities focused on research in 2002. It was subsequently chosen to pursue all-around excellence with "versatile international competitiveness to continuously strengthen international academic influence and visibility".

NCTU was merged with National Yang-Ming University into the newly formed National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University on 1 February 2021.

History

Qing dynasty
National Chiao Tung University was founded in Xujiahui, the suburbs of Shanghai in 1896, sixteen years before the birth of the Republic of China, at the suggestion of Sheng Xuanhuai, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Qing dynasty. The university was first named Nanyang College. It was established to meet the need to introduce western civilization into China. The college focused only on politics, law, and translations of western books. In the later years of the Qing dynasty, the college was renamed the Vocational College of Higher Education and was governed by the Ministry of Post and Transportation. By including new vocational programs, such as business, electrical engineering, shipping management, and railway management, the college played a major role in science and engineering education in modern China.

The Ministry of Post and Transportation in the Qing dynasty expanded the college by developing three other campuses - the Railway College in Tang-Shan (established in 1905), the Railway Management College in Peiping (1910), and the Merchant Marine College in Wu-Sun (1911).

Republic of China
After the founding of the Republic of China in 1912, the four campuses of the college were reorganized and governed by the Ministry of Transportation, which evolved from the original Qing dynasty Ministry of Post and Transportation. The names of the Vocational College of Higher Education, the Railway College, and the Railway Management College were changed respectively to the Shanghai Industrial College, the Tang-Shan Industrial College, and the College of Management in Railway, Post and Telecommunications. In 1921, the Ministry of Transportation united these three campuses under a single name: Chiao Tung University. The university reorganized its administrative systems, enlarged its facilities, and formed a new board of trustees. Later on, these three campuses were separated and reunited several times and their names were changed repeatedly because of political turmoil.

In 1926 the Shanghai campus established its Institute of Industry, which was devoted to telecommunication research. At the end of the Northern Expedition in 1928, the university resumed the name of Chiao Tung University and was governed by the newly established Ministry of Railways of the nationalist government. The Shanghai campus thereafter developed into four Colleges: the Colleges of Railway Management, the Colleges of Civil Engineering, the Colleges of Mechanical Engineering, and the Colleges of Electrical Engineering. In 1930, the College of Science consisting of three departments: Mathematics, Science, and Chemistry, was added to the campus. At the same time, the Institute of Industry in Shanghai was expanded to include the Institute of Industry and the Institute of Economics.

In 1937, along with all the other higher education in China, the university came under the authority of the Ministry of Education. During the Sino-Japanese war, the university was relocated to the French Concession in Shanghai and then to various places in central China, such as Chung Ching, Hsiang Tan, and Pin Yueh. At the end of the war, all sectors of the university returned to their original campuses. Shortly afterwards the university was dissolved when the communists gained control of the Chinese mainland in 1949.

In 1957, due to the insistence of Chiao Tung University alumni at home and abroad and in view of the importance of developing the electronic industry for the national economy and defense, the Ministries of Education, Communications, Economic Affairs, and National Defense jointly recommended to the Executive Yuan that the university be reestablished at its present location in Hsinchu, Taiwan. A preparatory committee was appointed, with Mr. H.H. Lin, former president of the university, serving as the chairman. In July 1958, the establishment of the National Chiao Tung University Institute of Electronics was formally recognized by the government. The institute was to offer a two-year graduate program leading to the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering. S. M. Lee was appointed as the institute's first director.

In compliance with a contract between the Ministry of Education and the United Association of International Telecommunications, the Telecommunication and Electronics Training Center (TETC) was established at the Hsinchu campus in 1961, with special funding from the United Nations. The TETC introduced computer technology, initiating television broadcasting, and manufacturing the island's first transistors and solid-state lasers.

As a result of TETC's success, the Computer and Electronics Center was established in 1962. Later, in response to requests from the alumni and to the directives given by the Ministry of Education, two undergraduate departments were organized at NCTU in 1964: the Department of Electrophysics and the Department of Electronic Engineering. In the same year, construction commenced on the university's Semiconductor Research Laboratory. In 1965, the Department of Control Engineering and the Department of Communication Engineering were established. In May 1967, the Institute of Electronics was formally transformed into the College of Engineering, which then included the Institute of Electronics and four undergraduate programs. K. K. Chung became the first president of the university, serving from 1967 to 1969. He was succeeded by Mr. H.C. Liu, NCTU's president from 1969 to 1972.

In 1968, the university started a Ph.D. program in the area of electronics. It was the first program to offer graduate study at the doctoral level in science and technology in Taiwan. Besides, within the College of Engineering, the Institute of Management Science was founded in 1970, and the Department of Management Science was founded in 1971.

In 1972, C. L. Shen became the president of the university. During Shen's tenure, the university expanded rapidly, setting up the Department of Computer Engineering (1972), the Department of Navigation and Marine Engineering (1973), the Department of Ocean Transportation (1973), the Department of Transportation Management (1974) (the latter two departments were combined into the Department of Transport Engineering and Management in 1980), the Institute of Computer Science (1974), the Institute of Traffic and Transportation (1976), the Department of Mechanical Engineering (1976), the Institute of Applied Mathematics (1977), and the Department of Civil Engineering (1978). In addition, during this period the university conducted a national-level electronics research project with support from the National Science Council of the R.O.C.

In August 1978, , an alumnus of NCTU's Hsinchu campus, was appointed the president of the university. During his presidency, the school matured into a complete university, consisting of twelve departments and twelve graduate Institutes. These programs were divided into three colleges - the College of Science, the College of Engineering, and the College of Management.

The graduate institutes established under Kuo's leadership included: the Institute of Information Science (1980), the Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering (1980), the Institute of Applied Chemistry (1981), the Institute of Control Engineering (1982), and the Institute of Mechanical Engineering (1982). In 1982, the Semiconductor Research Center was set up in cooperation with the National Science Council. In 1984, the Microelectronics and Information Science and Technology Research Center was founded. The Department of Navigation and Marine Engineering was incorporated into the Department of Industrial Engineering and Management. In 1985, the Institute of Civil Engineering was established within the College of Engineering.

Negotiations on a merger between National Yang-ming University and National Chiao Tung University began in December 2018. Both educational institutions voted to proceed with the merger in September 2019, which was approved by the Ministry of Education in June 2020. The two universities merged into National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University in February 2021.

Academics

Applied Chemistry
A special feature of NCTU was that it attracts relatively large number of foreign students, researchers and teachers, which highlights the intensifying internationalization trend throughout the Taiwanese higher education establishment. For example, the Department of Applied Chemistry at NCTU employs ca. 15 foreign professors.
The areas of strength of the Department of Applied Chemistry at NCTU include: time-resolved spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, polymer science, bioanalytics, nanotechnology, and green chemistry.
In 2013, the International Master Program for Interdisciplinary Molecular Science of Materials and Chemical Biology (SPIMS) was launched. Students of SPIMS are given a selection of topics in materials science and chemical biology. Courses are taught in English.
DAC at NCTU had strong links with the Academia Sinica with which it opened a graduate program in Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology.

Business and Management
NCTU's MBA business program was AACSB accredited and was ranked in the top five programs throughout Asia by the business magazine Asia Inc. Their business alumni dominate the financial sector in Taiwan, with NCTU having graduated more top executives than any other university in the country. NCTU's Master program in Global Business Administration was multi-national, with foreign students comprising fifty percent of the student base. The student body encompasses students from North America, Europe, South America and Asia each year. Top students receive personal mentoring by business executives through the university's Alumni Mentoring Program.

Computer Science
Based on the Essential Science Indicators compiled by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), NCTU ranks 21st worldwide in the field of computer science. According to the 2013 Academic Ranking of World Universities conducted by Shanghai Jiaotong University, NCTU ranks 35th in Computer Science.

Electrical Engineering
Based on the Academic Ranking of World Universities conducted by Shanghai Jiaotong University, NCTU ranks #3 in Taiwan (and mainland China plus Hong Kong), and was in the top ten in the Asia/Pacific region in the field of engineering. A collegiate chapter of IEEE-Eta Kappa Nu (HKN), the honor society for IEEE, was established at NCTU in 2018.

Organization
NCTU had eight colleges: Biological Science and Technology, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Engineering, Hakka Studies, Humanities and Social Sciences, Management, and Science. The School of Law includes the Institute of Technology Law.

International programs
NCTU participates in the Bioinformatics Program of the Taiwan International Graduate Program of Academia Sinica, Taiwan's academic research institution.

Libraries and culture

The National Chiao Tung University Library System, centered in the main square of the university campus, was home to the largest collection of English literature in Taiwan. With two floors dedicated to English texts, it was larger than that of many English libraries at colleges in the United States. The library area was 32,000 square meters and was set in scenic surroundings with a Taiwanese garden. It had over 1,000,000 volumes of printed texts, more than 3,000 periodicals, over 10,000 full text electronic journals, and more than 100 reference databases.

NCTU operates arts, cultural and scientific museums. On the seventh floor of the library was a traditional Taiwanese garden reminiscent of a tranquil courtyard. The grand lobby area had a rotating display of ancient artifacts. The library lobby also had a grand piano, where students from the Music Institute sometimes display their talents. Showrooms are interspersed throughout the library, showcasing artistic talent, historical pieces, and other works of art and scientific discovery. A few of the showrooms are rotating and periodically showcase works by local students. NCTU maintains a museum on the history of the university where original documents for the university are on display.

As the famous folk religions in NCTU, many students visit the local Tu Di Gong temple, located in front of the North Gate, to pray before exams, believing the god will give them good luck and get a good score.

Notable alumni, faculty and Honoris Causa Laureates
Robert H. Rines, inventor of radar and sonar
Stan Shih, founder of Acer Group.
Jack Kilby, Nobel Prize laureate in physics.
Yuan T. Lee, Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry.
Simon Sze, discovery in physics of the floating gate transistor.
Leo Esaki, Nobel Prize laureate in physics.
Gao Xingjian, Nobel Prize laureate in literature
M. C. Frank Chang, Professor of Electrical Engineering, UCLA.
Hsinchun Chen, McClelland Professor of Management Information Systems, University of Arizona.
Jin Au Kong, Professor of Electrical Engineering, MIT.
Edward Yang, film director.
Giddens Ko, Blogger, Author and Film Director
 Joyce C. H. Liu, Director IICS-UST, Professor of Cultural Study

Professors
Chang Chun-Yen, President of NCTU, pioneer of Taiwan's semiconductor industry
Wai-Chi Fang, TSMC Chair Professor
Yi-Bing Lin, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering
Joyce C. H. Liu, Graduate Institute for Social Research and Cultural Studies
Henryk Witek, Department of Applied Chemistry
I-Chen Wu, Department of Computer Science

Presidents (after 1958)
 Li Hsi-mou (August 1958 – 1967)
  (1967–1969)
 Liu Hao-chun (1969–1972)
  (1972; acting)
 Sheng Ching-lai (1972–1978)
 (1978–1987)
  (May 1987 – July 1992)
  (1992–1998)
 Chang Chun-yen (August 1998 – February 2006)
 Huang Wei (August 2006 – February 2007; acting)
  (February 2007 – January 2011)
  (February 2011 – 31 July 2015; acting after February 2015)
 M. C. Frank Chang (1 August 2015 – 31 July 2019)
 Chen Hsin-hong (since 1 August 2019; acting)

Sports and athletic facilities
NCTU athletic facilities are home to the university sports teams. It was important in eastern philosophy to exercise the mind and the body, such that they may be in harmony. The sport arena was open to all students.

NCTU was part of the nation's most renowned inter-university competition, The Mei-Chu Tournament. The annual tournament between NCTU and rival National Tsing Hua University (NTHU) was compared to the Oxford and Cambridge boat race as well as the Harvard and Yale annual football competition known as The Game. NCTU and NTHU have held the annual event since 1968 and NCTU holds the trophy which was brought back to the university in 1999 where it remained since.

Architecture and campus grounds
The university ascribes to the eastern philosophy of feng shui. Effort were made to strike a balance between the university architecture and nature. The building designs strike a balance between traditional eastern values and modern advancement. Gardens are interspersed throughout the campus and create a peaceful environment for learning. Renowned artists including Yuyu Yang have contributed sculptures and artwork to the grounds.

Rankings

NCTU was generally considered to be one of the top universities in Taiwan.

According to the Academic Ranking of World Universities, NCTU was ranked 301-400th in Computer Science in 2020. It was ranked 76-100th worldwide in the engineering field in 2016. NCTU in Taiwan, along with its sister campuses such as Shanghai Jiao Tong University in mainland China, comprises the largest alumni network in the entire Asia/Pacific region and draws students from over 42 countries around the world.

In 2014, the Representative of Japan in Taiwan listed NCTU as one of the seven well-known Taiwanese universities.

Since its merger with the National Yang Ming University (NYMU) in 2021, NCTU has been ranked under the entity of the National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU).

See also

 List of universities in Taiwan
 List of Chinese language schools in Taiwan
 National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University

References

External links

Official website

1896 establishments in China
Jiaotong University
Universities and colleges established in 1896
Universities and colleges established in 1958
1958 establishments in Taiwan
Educational institutions disestablished in 2021
2021 disestablishments in Taiwan

National Chiao Tung University


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Concepts in physics

Nuclear physics


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Phobias
Spiders

Arachnophobia


The 60th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony was held on January 28, 2018. The CBS network broadcast the show live from Madison Square Garden in New York City. The show was moved to January to avoid coinciding with the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, as was the case in 2010 and 2014. James Corden returned as host.

The ceremony recognizes the best recordings, compositions and artists of the eligibility year, which ran from October 1, 2016, to September 30, 2017. The nominations were announced on November 28, 2017. The "pre-telecast" ceremony (officially named The Premiere Ceremony) was held on the same day prior to the main ceremony.

Bruno Mars was nominated for six awards and won all six on the night.

Performers

Premiere ceremony

Main ceremony

Presenters

John Legend and Tony Bennett – presented Best Rap/Sung Performance
Kelly Clarkson and Nick Jonas – presented Best New Artist
Jim Gaffigan – introduced Little Big Town
Jon Batiste, Gary Clark Jr., and Joe Saylor – presented Best Pop Solo Performance
Sarah Silverman and Victor Cruz – introduced Luis Fonsi, Daddy Yankee and Zuleyka Rivera
Dave Chappelle – presented Best Rap Album
Katie Holmes – introduced Bruno Mars and Cardi B
Trevor Noah – presenting Best Comedy Album
Donnie Wahlberg and Hailee Steinfeld – presenting Best Country Album
Janelle Monáe – introduced Kesha, Camila Cabello, Cyndi Lauper, Julia Michaels, Andra Day and Bebe Rexha
Camila Cabello – introduced U2
Sting – presenting Song of the Year
Anna Kendrick – introduced Elton John and Miley Cyrus
Shemar Moore and Eve – introduced SZA
Alicia Keys – presenting Record of the Year
U2 – presenting Album of the Year

Nominations and winners
Nominees list adapted from the Recording Academy's website.

General
Record of the Year

"24K Magic" – Bruno Mars
Shampoo Press & Curl, producers; Serban Ghenea, John Hanes & Charles Moniz, engineers/mixers; Tom Coyne, mastering engineer
"Redbone" – Childish Gambino
Donald Glover & Ludwig Goransson, producers; Donald Glover, Ludwig Goransson, Riley Mackin & Ruben Rivera, engineers/mixers; Bernie Grundman, mastering engineer
 "Despacito" – Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber
 Josh Gudwin, Mauricio Rengifo & Andrés Torres, producers; Josh Gudwin & Jaycen Joshua, Chris "TEK" O'Ryan, Mauricio Rengifo, Juan G Rivera "Gaby Music", Luis "Salda" Saldarriaga & Andrés Torres,  engineers/mixers; Dave Kutch, mastering engineer
 "The Story of O.J." – Jay-Z
 Jay-Z & No I.D., producers; Jimmy Douglass & Gimel "Young Guru" Keaton, engineers/mixers; Dave Kutch, mastering engineer
 "Humble" – Kendrick Lamar
 Asheton Hogan & Mike Will Made It, producers; Derek "MixedByAli" Ali, James Hunt & Matt Schaeffer, engineers/mixers; Mike Bozzi, mastering engineer

Album of the Year

 24K Magic – Bruno Mars
 Shampoo Press & Curl, producers; Serban Ghenea, John Hanes & Charles Moniz, engineers/mixers; Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence & Bruno Mars, songwriters; Tom Coyne, mastering engineer "Awaken, My Love!" – Childish Gambino
 Donald Glover & Ludwig Goransson, producers; Bryan Carrigan, Chris Fogel, Donald Glover, Ludwig Goransson, Riley Mackin & Ruben Rivera, engineers/mixers; Donald Glover & Ludwig Goransson, songwriters; Bernie Grundman, mastering engineer
 4:44 – Jay-Z
 Jay-Z & No I.D., producers; Jimmy Douglass & Gimel "Young Guru" Keaton, engineers/mixers; Shawn Carter & Dion Wilson, songwriters; Dave Kutch, mastering engineer
 Damn – Kendrick Lamar
 DJ Dahi, Sounwave & Anthony Tiffith, producers; Derek "MixedByAli" Ali, James Hunt & Matt Schaeffer, engineers/mixers; K. Duckworth, D. Natche, M. Spears & A. Tiffith, songwriters; Mike Bozzi, mastering engineer
 Melodrama – Lorde
Jack Antonoff & Lorde, producers; Serban Ghenea, John Hanes & Laura Sisk, engineers/mixers; Jack Antonoff & Ella Yelich-O'Connor, songwriters; Randy Merrill, mastering engineer

Song of the Year

"That's What I Like"Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip, songwriters (Bruno Mars) "Despacito"
 Ramón Ayala Rodriguez, Justin Bieber, Jason Boyd, Erika Ender, Luis Fonsi & Marty James Garton Jr., songwriters (Luis Fonsi & Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber)
 "4:44"
 Shawn Carter & Dion Wilson, songwriters (Jay-Z)
 "Issues"
Benjamin Levin, Mikkel Storleer Eriksen, Tor Erik Hermansen, Julia Michaels & Justin Drew Tranter, songwriters (Julia Michaels)
"1-800-273-8255"
Alessia Caracciolo, Sir Robert Bryson Hall II, Arjun Ivatury, Khalid Robinson & Andrew Taggart, songwriters (Logic featuring Alessia Cara & Khalid)

Best New ArtistAlessia CaraKhalid
Lil Uzi Vert
Julia Michaels
SZA

Pop
Best Pop Solo Performance"Shape of You" – Ed Sheeran "Love So Soft" – Kelly Clarkson
 "Praying" – Kesha
 "Million Reasons" – Lady Gaga
 "What About Us" – Pink

Best Pop Duo/Group Performance
 "Feel It Still" – Portugal. The Man "Something Just like This" – The Chainsmokers and Coldplay
 "Despacito" – Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee featuring Justin Bieber
 "Thunder" – Imagine Dragons
 "Stay" – Zedd and Alessia Cara

Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album
 Tony Bennett Celebrates 90 – Dae Bennett, producer (various artists) Nobody but Me (deluxe version) – Michael Bublé
 Triplicate – Bob Dylan
 In Full Swing – Seth MacFarlane
 Wonderland – Sarah McLachlan

Best Pop Vocal Album÷ – Ed Sheeran Kaleidoscope EP – Coldplay
Lust for Life – Lana Del Rey
 Evolve – Imagine Dragons
 Rainbow – Kesha
 Joanne – Lady Gaga

 Dance/electronic music Best Dance Recording "Tonite" – LCD Soundsystem James Murphy, producer; James Murphy, mixer "Bambro Koyo Ganda" – Bonobo featuring Innov Gnawa
 Bonobo, producer; Bonobo, mixer
 "Cola" – CamelPhat & Elderbrook
 CamelPhat & Elderbrook, producers; CamelPhat, mixer
 "Andromeda" – Gorillaz featuring DRAM
 Damon Albarn, Jamie Hewlett, Remi Kabaka & Anthony Khan, producers; Stephen Sedgwick, mixer
 "Line of Sight" – Odesza featuring WYNNE & Mansionair
 Clayton Knight & Harrison Mills, producers; Eric J Dubowsky, mixerBest Dance/Electronic Album 3-D The Catalogue – Kraftwerk Migration – Bonobo
 Mura Masa – Mura Masa
 A Moment Apart – Odesza
 What Now – Sylvan Esso

 Contemporary instrumental music Best Contemporary Instrumental Album Prototype – Jeff Lorber Fusion What If – The Jerry Douglas Band
 Spirit – Alex Han
 Mount Royal – Julian Lage and Chris Eldridge
 Bad Hombre – Antonio Sanchez

Rock
Best Rock Performance
 "You Want It Darker" – Leonard Cohen "The Promise" – Chris Cornell
 "Run" – Foo Fighters
 "No Good" – Kaleo
 "Go to War" – Nothing More

Best Metal Performance
 "Sultan's Curse" – Mastodon "Invisible Enemy" – August Burns Red
 "Black Hoodie" – Body Count
 "Forever" – Code Orange
 "Clockworks" – Meshuggah

Best Rock Song
 "Run" Foo Fighters, songwriters (Foo Fighters) "Atlas, Rise!"
 James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich, songwriters (Metallica)
 "Blood in the Cut"
 JT Daly and Kristine Flaherty, songwriters (K.Flay)
 "Go to War"
 Ben Anderson, Jonny Hawkins, Will Hoffman, Daniel Oliver, David Pramik & Mark Vollelunga, songwriters (Nothing More)
 "The Stage"
 Zachary Baker, Brian Haner, Matthew Sanders, Jonathan Seward & Brooks Wackerman, songwriters (Avenged Sevenfold)

Best Rock Album
 A Deeper Understanding – The War on Drugs Emperor of Sand – Mastodon
 Hardwired... to Self-Destruct – Metallica
 The Stories We Tell Ourselves – Nothing More
 Villains – Queens of the Stone Age

 Alternative Best Alternative Music Album Sleep Well Beast – The National Everything Now – Arcade Fire
 Humanz – Gorillaz
 American Dream – LCD Soundsystem
 Pure Comedy – Father John Misty

 R&B Best R&B Performance"That's What I Like" – Bruno Mars "Get You" – Daniel Caesar featuring Kali Uchis
 "Distraction" – Kehlani
 "High" – Ledisi
 "The Weekend" – SZABest Traditional R&B Performance "Redbone" – Childish Gambino "Laugh and Move On" – The Baylor Project
 "What I'm Feelin'" – Anthony Hamilton featuring The Hamiltones
 "All the Way" – Ledisi
 "Still" – Mali MusicBest R&B Song"That's What I Like"Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip, songwriters (Bruno Mars) "First Began"
 PJ Morton, songwriter (PJ Morton)
 "Location"
 Alfredo Gonzalez, Olatunji Ige, Samuel David Jiminez, Christopher McClenney, Khalid Robinson & Joshua Scruggs, songwriters (Khalid)
 "Redbone"
 Donald Glover & Ludwig Goransson, songwriters (Childish Gambino)
 "Supermodel"
 Tyran Donaldson, Terrence Henderson, Greg Landfair Jr.,  Carter Lang & Solana Rowe, songwriters (SZA)Best Urban Contemporary AlbumStarboy – The Weeknd Free 6lack – 6lack
 "Awaken, My Love!" – Childish Gambino
 American Teen – Khalid
 Ctrl – SZABest R&B Album 24K Magic – Bruno Mars Freudian – Daniel Caesar
 Let Love Rule – Ledisi
 Gumbo – PJ Morton
 Feel the Real – Musiq Soulchild

 Rap
Best Rap Performance
 "Humble" – Kendrick Lamar "Bounce Back" – Big Sean
 "Bodak Yellow" – Cardi B
 "4:44" – Jay-Z
 "Bad and Boujee" – Migos featuring Lil Uzi Vert

Best Rap/Sung Performance
 "Loyalty" – Kendrick Lamar featuring Rihanna "Prblms" – 6lack
 "Crew" – GoldLink featuring Brent Faiyaz & Shy Glizzy
 "Family Feud" – Jay-Z featuring Beyoncé
 "Love Galore" – SZA featuring Travis ScottBest Rap Song "Humble" K. Duckworth, Asheton Hogan & M. Williams II, songwriters (Kendrick Lamar) "Bodak Yellow"
 Belcalis Almanzar, Dieuson Octave, Klenord Raphael, Shaftizm, Jordan Thorpe & J White, songwriters (Cardi B)
 "Chase Me"
 Judah Bauer, Brian Burton, Hector Delgado, Jaime Meline, Antwan Patton, Michael Render, Russell Simins & Jon Spencer, songwriters (Danger Mouse featuring Run The Jewels & Big Boi)
 "Sassy"
 Marlanna Evans, E. Gabouer, Jason Martin & Wyann Vaughn, songwriters (Rapsody)
 "The Story of O.J."
 Shawn Carter & Dion Wilson, songwriters (Jay-Z)Best Rap Album Damn – Kendrick Lamar 4:44 – Jay-Z
 Culture – Migos
 Laila's Wisdom – Rapsody
 Flower Boy – Tyler, the Creator

 Country Best Country Solo Performance "Either Way" – Chris Stapleton "Body Like a Back Road" – Sam Hunt
 "Losing You" – Alison Krauss
 "Tin Man" – Miranda Lambert
 "I Could Use a Love Song" – Maren MorrisBest Country Duo/Group Performance "Better Man" – Little Big Town "It Ain't My Fault" – Brothers Osborne
 "My Old Man" – Zac Brown Band
 "You Look Good" – Lady Antebellum
 "Drinkin' Problem" – MidlandBest Country Song "Broken Halos" Mike Henderson & Chris Stapleton, songwriters (Chris Stapleton) "Better Man"
 Taylor Swift, songwriter (Little Big Town)
 "Body Like a Back Road"
 Zach Crowell, Sam Hunt, Shane McAnally & Josh Osborne, songwriters (Sam Hunt)
 "Drinkin' Problem"
 Jess Carson, Cameron Duddy, Shane McAnally, Josh Osborne & Mark Wystrach, songwriters (Midland)
 "Tin Man"
 Jack Ingram, Miranda Lambert & Jon Randall, songwriters (Miranda Lambert)Best Country Album From A Room: Volume 1 – Chris Stapleton Cosmic Hallelujah – Kenny Chesney
 Heart Break – Lady Antebellum
 The Breaker – Little Big Town
 Life Changes – Thomas Rhett

 New Age Best New Age Album Dancing on Water – Peter Kater Reflection – Brian Eno
 SongVersation: Medicine – India Arie
 Sacred Journey of Ku-Kai, Volume 5 – Kitarō
 Spiral Revelation – Steve Roach

 Jazz Best Improvised Jazz Solo "Miles Beyond" – John McLaughlin, soloist "Can't Remember Why" – Sara Caswell, soloist
 "Dance of Shiva" – Billy Childs, soloist
 "Whisper Not" – Fred Hersch, soloist
 "Ilimba" – Chris Potter, soloistBest Jazz Vocal Album Dreams and Daggers – Cécile McLorin Salvant The Journey – The Baylor Project
 A Social Call – Jazzmeia Horn
 Bad Ass and Blind – Raul Midón
 Porter Plays Porter – Randy Porter Trio with Nancy KingBest Jazz Instrumental Album Rebirth – Billy Childs Uptown, Downtown – Bill Charlap Trio
 Project Freedom – Joey DeFrancesco & The People
 Open Book – Fred Hersch
 The Dreamer Is the Dream – Chris PotterBest Large Jazz Ensemble Album Bringin' It – Christian McBride Big Band MONK'estra Vol. 2 – John Beasley
 Jigsaw – Alan Ferber Big Band
 Homecoming – Vince Mendoza & WDR Big Band Cologne
 Whispers on the Wind – Chuck Owen and the Jazz SurgeBest Latin Jazz Album Jazz Tango – Pablo Ziegler Trio Hybrido – From Rio to Wayne Shorter – Antonio Adolfo
 Oddara – Jane Bunnett & Maqueque
 Outra Coisa – The Music of Moacir Santos – Anat Cohen & Marcello Gonçalves
 Típico – Miguel Zenón

 Gospel/contemporary Christian music Best Gospel Performance/Song "Never Have to Be Alone" – CeCe Winans Dwan Hill & Alvin Love III, songwriters "Too Hard Not To" – Tina Campbell
 Tina Campbell & Warryn Campbell, songwriters
 "You Deserve It" – JJ Hairston & Youthful Praise featuring Bishop Cortez Vaughn
 David Bloom, JJ Hairston, Phontane Demond Reed & Cortez Vaughn, songwriters
 "Better Days" – Le'Andria
 Le'Andria, songwriter
 "My Life" – The Walls Group
 Warryn Campbell, Eric Dawkins, Damien Farmer, Damon Thomas, Ahjah Walls & Darrel Walls, songwritersBest Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song "What a Beautiful Name" – Hillsong Worship Ben Fielding & Brooke Ligertwood, songwriters "Oh My Soul" – Casting Crowns
 Mark Hall, Bernie Herms & Nichole Nordeman, songwriters
 "Clean" – Natalie Grant
 Natalie Grant, songwriter
 "Even If" – MercyMe
 David Garcia, Ben Glover, Crystal Lewis, MercyMe & Tim Timmons, songwriters
 "Hills and Valleys" – Tauren Wells
 Chuck Butler, Jonathan Smith & Tauren Wells, songwritersBest Gospel Album Let Them Fall in Love – CeCe Winans Crossover: Live from Music City – Travis Greene
 Bigger Than Me – Le'Andria Johnson
 Close – Marvin Sapp
 Sunday Song – Anita WilsonBest Contemporary Christian Music Album Chain Breaker – Zach Williams Rise – Danny Gokey
 Echoes (deluxe edition) – Matt Maher
 Lifer – MercyMe
 Hills and Valleys – Tauren WellsBest Roots Gospel Album Sing It Now: Songs of Faith & Hope – Reba McEntire The Best of The Collingsworth Family – Volume 1 – The Collingsworth Family
 Give Me Jesus – Larry Cordle
 Resurrection – Joseph Habedank
 Hope for All Nations – Karen Peck & New River

Latin
Best Latin Pop Album
 El Dorado – Shakira Lo Único Constante – Alex Cuba
 Mis Planes Son Amarte – Juanes
 Amar y Vivir (En Vivo Desde la Ciudad de México, 2017) – La Santa Cecilia
 Musas (Un Homenaje al Folclore Latinoamericano en Manos de Los Macorinos) – Natalia Lafourcade

Best Latin Rock, Urban or Alternative Album
 Residente – Residente Ayo – Bomba Estéreo
 Pa' Fuera – C4 Trío & Desorden Público
 Salvavidas de Hielo – Jorge Drexler
 El Paradise – Los Amigos Invisibles

Best Regional Mexican Music Album (Including Tejano)
 Arrieros Somos – Sesiones Acústicas – Aida Cuevas Ni Diablo, ni Santo – Julión Álvarez y Su Norteño Banda
 Ayer y Hoy – Banda el Recodo de Cruz Lizárraga
 Momentos – Alex Campos
 Zapateando en el Norte – (various artists)

Best Tropical Latin Album
 Salsa Big Band – Rubén Blades con Roberto Delgado & Orquesta Albita – Albita
 Art of the Arrangement – Doug Beavers
 Gente Valiente – Silvestre Dangond
 Indestructible – Diego el Cigala

American roots
Best American Roots Performance
 "Killer Diller Blues" – Alabama Shakes "Let My Mother Live" – Blind Boys of Alabama
 "Arkansas Farmboy" – Glen Campbell
 "Steer Your Way" – Leonard Cohen
 "I Never Cared for You" – Alison Krauss

Best American Roots Song
 "If We Were Vampires" Jason Isbell, songwriter (Jason Isbell and the 400 Unit) "Cumberland Gap"
 David Rawlings & Gillian Welch, songwriters (David Rawlings)
 "I Wish You Well"
 Raul Malo & Alan Miller, songwriters (The Mavericks)
 "It Ain't Over Yet"
 Rodney Crowell, songwriter (Rodney Crowell featuring Rosanne Cash & John Paul White)
 "My Only True Friend"
 Gregg Allman & Scott Sharrard, songwriters (Gregg Allman)

Best Americana Album
 The Nashville Sound – Jason Isbell and the 400 Unit Southern Blood – Gregg Allman
 Shine on Rainy Day – Brent Cobb
 Beast Epic – Iron & Wine
 Brand New Day – The Mavericks

Best Bluegrass Album
 Laws of Gravity – Infamous Stringdusters All the Rage: In Concert Volume One [Live] – Rhonda Vincent and the Rage Fiddler's Dream – Michael Cleveland
 Original – Bobby Osborne
 Universal Favorite – Noam Pikelny

Best Traditional Blues Album
 Blue & Lonesome – The Rolling Stones Migration Blues – Eric Bibb
 Elvin Bishop's Big Fun Trio – Elvin Bishop's Big Fun Trio
 Roll and Tumble – R.L. Boyce
 Sonny & Brownie's Last Train – Guy Davis & Fabrizio Poggi

Best Contemporary Blues Album
 TajMo – Taj Mahal & Keb' Mo' Robert Cray & Hi Rhythm – Robert Cray & Hi Rhythm
 Recorded Live in Lafayette – Sonny Landreth
 Got Soul – Robert Randolph and the Family Band
 Live from the Fox Oakland – Tedeschi Trucks Band

Best Folk Album
 Mental Illness – Aimee Mann Semper Femina – Laura Marling
 The Queen of Hearts – Offa Rex (Olivia Chaney + The Decemberists)
 You Don't Own Me Anymore – The Secret Sisters
 The Laughing Apple – Yusuf / Cat Stevens

Best Regional Music Album
 Kalenda – The Lost Bayou Ramblers Top of the Mountain – Dwayne Dopsie and the Zydeco Hellraisers
 Ho'okena 3.0 – Ho'okena
 Miyo Kekisepa, Make a Stand [Live] – Northern Cree
 Pua Kiele – Josh Tatofi

Reggae
Best Reggae Album
 Stony Hill – Damian "Jr. Gong" Marley Chronology – Chronixx
 Lost in Paradise – Common Kings
 Wash House Ting – J Boog
 Avrakedabra – Morgan Heritage

World music
Best World Music Album
 Shaka Zulu Revisited: 30th Anniversary Celebration – Ladysmith Black Mambazo Memoria de los Sentidos – Vicente Amigo
 Para Mí – Concha Buika
 Rosa dos Ventos – Anat Cohen & Trio Brasileiro
 Elwan – Tinariwen

Children
Best Children's Album
 Feel What U Feel – Lisa Loeb Brighter Side – Gustafer Yellowgold
 Lemonade – Justin Roberts
 Rise Shine #Woke – Alphabet Rockers
 Songs of Peace & Love for Kids & Parents Around the World – Ladysmith Black Mambazo

Spoken word
Best Spoken Word Album (includes Poetry, Audio Books and Storytelling)
 The Princess Diarist – Carrie Fisher (posthumous) Astrophysics for People in a Hurry – Neil deGrasse Tyson
 Born to Run – Bruce Springsteen
 Confessions of a Serial Songwriter – Shelly Peiken
 Our Revolution: A Future to Believe In – Bernie Sanders and Mark Ruffalo

Comedy
Best Comedy Album
  The Age of Spin & Deep in the Heart of Texas – Dave Chappelle Cinco – Jim Gaffigan
 Jerry Before Seinfeld – Jerry Seinfeld
 A Speck of Dust – Sarah Silverman
 What Now? – Kevin Hart

Musical theatre
 Best Musical Theater AlbumDear Evan Hansen – Laura Dreyfuss, Mike Faist, Rachel Bay Jones, Kristolyn Lloyd, Michael Park, Ben Platt, Will Roland & Jennifer Laura Thompson, principal soloists; Pete Ganbarg, Alex Lacamoire, Stacey Mindich, Benj Pasek & Justin Paul, producers; Benj Pasek & Justin Paul, composers/lyricists (Original Broadway Cast Recording)Come from Away –  Ian Eisendrath, August Eriksmoen, David Hein, David Lai & Irene Sankoff, producers; David Hein & Irene Sankoff, composers/lyricists (Original Broadway Cast Recording)
Hello, Dolly! – Bette Midler, principal soloist; Steven Epstein, producer; (Jerry Herman, composer and lyricist) (New Broadway Cast Recording)

Music for visual media
 Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media
 La La Land – (various artists) Marius de Vries & Justin Hurwitz, compilation producers Baby Driver – (various artists)
 Edgar Wright, compilation producer
 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 – (various artists)
 James Gunn, compilation producer
 Hidden Figures – (various artists)
 Pharrell Williams, compilation producer
 Moana – (various artists)
 Opetaia Foa'i, Tom MacDougall, Mark Mancina & Lin-Manuel Miranda, compilation producers

 Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media
 La La Land – Justin Hurwitz, composer Arrival – Jóhann Jóhannsson, composer
 Dunkirk – Hans Zimmer, composer
 Game of Thrones: Season 7 – Ramin Djawadi, composer
 Hidden Figures – Benjamin Wallfisch, Pharrell Williams & Hans Zimmer, composers

 Best Song Written for Visual Media
 "How Far I'll Go" (from Moana) – Lin-Manuel Miranda, songwriter (Auliʻi Cravalho) "City of Stars" (from La La Land) – Justin Hurwitz, Benj Pasek & Justin Paul, songwriters (Ryan Gosling & Emma Stone)
 "I Don't Wanna Live Forever" (from Fifty Shades Darker) – Jack Antonoff, Sam Dew & Taylor Swift, songwriters (Zayn & Taylor Swift)
 "Never Give Up" (from Lion) – Sia Furler & Greg Kurstin, songwriters (Sia)
 "Stand Up for Something" (from Marshall) – Common, Andra Day & Diane Warren, songwriters (Andra Day featuring Common)

ComposingBest Instrumental Composition "Three Revolutions" Arturo O'Farrill, composer (Arturo O'Farrill & Chucho Valdés) "Alkaline"
 Pascal Le Boeuf, composer (Le Boeuf Brothers & JACK Quartet)
 "Choros #3"
 Vince Mendoza, composer (Vince Mendoza & WDR Big Band Cologne)
 "Warped Cowboy"
 Chuck Owen, composer (Chuck Owen and the Jazz Surge)
 "Home Free (For Peter Joe)"
 Nate Smith, composer (Nate Smith)

ArrangingBest Arrangement, Instrumental or A Cappella "Escapades for Alto Saxophone and Orchestra" from Catch Me If You Can
 John Williams, arranger (John Williams)
 "Ugly Beauty"/"Pannonica"
 John Beasley, arranger (John Beasley)
 "All Hat, No Saddle"
 Chuck Owen, arranger (Chuck Owen and the Jazz Surge)
 "Home Free (For Peter Joe)"
 Nate Smith, arranger (Nate Smith)
 "White Christmas"
 Chris Walden, arranger (Herb Alpert)

Best Arrangement, Instruments and Vocals
 "Putin"
 Randy Newman, arranger (Randy Newman)
 "I Loves You Porgy"/"There's a Boat That's Leavin' Soon for New York"
 Shelly Berg, Gregg Field, Gordon Goodwin & Clint Holmes, arrangers (Clint Holmes featuring Dee Dee Bridgewater and the Count Basie Orchestra)
 "Every Time We Say Goodbye"
 Jorge Calandrelli, arranger (Clint Holmes featuring Jane Monheit)
 "Another Day of Sun"
 Justin Hurwitz, arranger (La La Land cast)
 "I Like Myself"
 Joel McNeely, arranger (Seth MacFarlane)

Packaging
 Best Recording Package
 El Orisha de la Rosa
 Claudio Roncoli & Cactus Taller, art directors (Magín Díaz)
 Pure Comedy (Deluxe Edition)
 Sasha Barr, Ed Steed & Josh Tillman, art directors (Father John Misty)
 Mura Masa
 Alex Crossan & Matt de Jong, art directors (Mura Masa)
 Sleep Well Beast
 Elyanna Blaser-Gould, Luke Hayman & Andrea Trabucco-Campos, art directors (The National)
 Solid State
 Gail Marowitz, art director (Jonathan Coulton)

 Best Boxed or Special Limited Edition Package
 The Voyager Golden Record: 40th Anniversary Edition
 Lawrence Azerrad, Timothy Daly & David Pescovitz, art directors (Various Artists)
 Bobo Yeye: Belle Epoque In Upper Volta
 Tim Breen, art director (Various Artists)
 Lovely Creatures: The Best of Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds
 Tom Hingston, art director (Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds)
 May 1977: Get Shown the Light
 Masaki Koike, art director (Grateful Dead)
 Warfaring Strangers: Acid Nightmares
 Tim Breen, Benjamin Marra & Ken Shipley, art directors (Various Artists)

Notes
Best Album Notes
 Live at the Whisky a Go Go: The Complete Recordings
 Lynell George, album notes writer (Otis Redding)
 Arthur Q. Smith: The Trouble with the Truth
 Wayne Bledsoe & Bradley Reeves, album notes writers (Various Artists)
 Big Bend Killing: The Appalachian Ballad Tradition
 Ted Olson, album notes writer (Various Artists)
 The Complete Piano Works of Scott Joplin
 Bryan S. Wright, album notes writer (Richard Dowling)
 Edouard-Léon Scott De Martinville, Inventor of Sound Recording: A Bicentennial Tribute
 David Giovannoni, album notes writer (Various Artists)
 Washington Phillips and His Manzarene Dreams
 Michael Corcoran, album notes writer (Washington Phillips)

Historical
Best Historical Album
 Leonard Bernstein – The Composer
 Robert Russ, compilation producer; Martin Kistner & Andreas K. Meyer, mastering engineers (Leonard Bernstein)
 Bobo Yeye: Belle Epoque in Upper Volta
 Jon Kirby, Florent Mazzoleni, Rob Sevier & Ken Shipley, compilation producers; Jeff Lipton & Maria Rice, mastering engineers (Various Artists)
 Glenn Gould – The Goldberg Variations – The Complete Unreleased Recording Sessions June 1955
 Robert Russ, compilation producer; Matthias Erb, Martin Kistner & Andreas K. Meyer, mastering engineers (Glenn Gould)
 Sweet as Broken Dates: Lost Somali Tapes from the Horn of Africa
 Nicolas Sheikholeslami & Vik Sohonie, compilation producers; Michael Graves, mastering engineer (Various Artists)
 Washington Phillips and His Manzarene Dreams
 Michael Corcoran, April G. Ledbetter & Steven Lance Ledbetter, compilation producers; Michael Graves, mastering engineer (Washington Phillips)

Engineered album
 Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical
 24K Magic
 Serban Ghenea, John Hanes & Charles Moniz, engineers; Tom Coyne, mastering engineer (Bruno Mars)
 Every Where Is Some Where
 Brent Arrowood, Miles Comaskey, JT Daly, Tommy English, Kristine Flaherty, Adam Hawkins, Chad Howat & Tony Maserati, engineers; Joe LaPorta, mastering engineer (K.Flay)
 Is This the Life We Really Want?
 Nigel Godrich, Sam Petts-Davies & Darrell Thorp, engineers; Bob Ludwig, mastering engineer (Roger Waters)
 Natural Conclusion
 Ryan Freeland, engineer; Joao Carvalho, mastering engineer (Rose Cousins)
 No Shape
 Shawn Everett & Joseph Lorge, engineers; Patricia Sullivan, mastering engineer (Perfume Genius)

 Best Engineered Album, Classical
 Shostakovich: Symphony No. 5; Barber: Adagio
Mark Donahue, engineer (Manfred Honeck & Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra)
 Danielpour: Songs of Solitude & War Songs
Gary Call, engineer (Thomas Hampson, Giancarlo Guerrero & the Nashville Symphony)
 Kleiberg: Mass for Modern Man
Morten Lindberg, engineer (Eivind Gulliberg Jensen, Trondheim Vokalensemble & Trondheim Symphony Orchestra)
 Schoenberg, Adam: American Symphony; Finding Rothko; Picture Studies
Keith O. Johnson & Sean Royce Martin, engineers (Michael Stern & the Kansas City Symphony)
 Tyberg: Masses
John Newton, engineer; Jesse Brayman, mastering engineer (Brian A. Schmidt, Christopher Jacobson & South Dakota Chorale)

Producer
Producer of the Year, Non-Classical
 Greg Kurstin
 Concrete and Gold (Foo Fighters)
 "Dear Life" (Beck)
 "Dusk Till Dawn" (Zayn featuring Sia)
 "Love" (Kendrick Lamar featuring Zacari)
 "Strangers" (Halsey featuring Lauren Jauregui)
 "Wall of Glass" (Liam Gallagher)
 Calvin Harris
 "Don't Quit" (DJ Khaled & Calvin Harris featuring Travis Scott & Jeremih)
 Funk Wav Bounces Vol. 1 (Calvin Harris featuring Various Artists)
 Blake Mills
 Darkness and Light (John Legend)
 Eternally Even (Jim James)
 "God Only Knows" (John Legend & Cynthia Erivo featuring yMusic)
 Memories Are Now (Jesca Hoop)
 No Shape (Perfume Genius)
 Semper Femina (Laura Marling)
 No I.D.
 "America" (Logic featuring Black Thought, Chuck D, Big Lenbo & No I.D.)
 The Autobiography (Vic Mensa)
 4:44 (Jay-Z)
 The Stereotypes
 "Before I Do" (Sevyn Streeter)
 "Better" (Lil Yachty featuring Stefflon Don)
 "Deliver" (Fifth Harmony)
 "Finesse" (Bruno Mars)
 "Mo Bounce" (Iggy Azalea)
 "Sunshine" (Kyle featuring Miguel)
 "That's What I Like" (Bruno Mars)

Producer of the Year, Classical
 David Frost
Alma Española (Isabel Leonard)
Amplified Soul (Gabriela Martinez)
Beethoven: Piano Sonatas, Vol. 6 (Jonathan Biss)
Bruckner: Symphony No. 9 (Riccardo Muti and Chicago Symphony Orchestra)
Garden Of Joys And Sorrows (Hat Trick Trio)
Laks: Chamber Works (ARC Ensemble)
Adam Schoenberg: American Symphony; Finding Rothko; Picture Studies (Michael Stern and Kansas City Symphony)
Troika (Matt Haimovitz and Christopher O'Riley)
Verdi: Otello (Yannick Nézet-Séguin, Günther Groissböck, Željko Lučić, Dimitri Pittas, Aleksandrs Antoņenko, Sonya Yoncheva, Metropolitan Opera Orchestra and Chorus)
 Blanton Alspaugh
Adamo: Becoming Santa Claus (Emmanuel Villaume, Kevin Burdette, Keith Jameson, Lucy Schaufer, Hila Plitmann, Matt Boehler, Jonathan Blalock, Jennifer Rivera & Dallas Opera Orchestra)
Aldridge: Sister Carrie (William Boggs, Keith Phares, Matt Morgan, Alisa Suzanne Jordheim, Stephen Cunningham, Adriana Zabala, Florentine Opera Chorus & Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra)
Copland: Symphony No. 3; Three Latin American Sketches (Leonard Slatkin & Detroit Symphony Orchestra)
Death & The Maiden (Patricia Kopatchinskaja & The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra)
Handel: Messiah (Andrew Davis, Noel Edison, Toronto Mendelssohn Choir & Toronto Symphony Orchestra)
Haydn: Symphonies Nos. 53, 64 & 96 (Carlos Kalmar & Oregon Symphony)
Heggie: It's A Wonderful Life (Patrick Summers, William Burden, Talise Trevigne, Andrea Carroll, Rod Gilfry & Houston Grand Opera)
Tyberg: Masses (Brian A. Schmidt, Christopher Jacobson & South Dakota Chorale)
 Manfred Eicher
Mansurian: Requiem (Alexander Liebreich, Florian Helgath, RIAS Kammerchor & Münchener Kammerorchester)
Monk, M.: On Behalf Of Nature (Meredith Monk & Vocal Ensemble)
Point & Line – Debussy And Hosokawa (Momo Kodama)
Rímur (Arve Henriksen & Trio Mediaeval)
Silvestrov: Hieroglyphen Der Nacht (Anja Lechner)
 Morten Lindberg
Furatus (Ole Edvard Antonsen & Wolfgang Plagge)
Interactions (Bård Monsen & Gunnar Flagstad)
Kleiberg: Mass For Modern Man (Eivind Gullberg Jensen, Trondheim Vokalensemble & Trondheim Symphony Orchestra)
Minor Major (Oslo String Quartet)
Northern Timbre (Ragnhild Hemsing & Tor Espen Aspaas)
So Is My Love (Nina T. Karlsen & Ensemble 96)
Thoresen: Sea Of Names (Trond Schau)
 Judith Sherman
American Nocturnes (Cecile Licad)
The Birthday Party (Aki Takahashi)
Discovering Bach (Michelle Ross)
Foss: Pieces Of Genius (New York New Music Ensemble)
Secret Alchemy – Chamber Works By Pierre Jalbert (Curtis Macomber & Michael Boriskin)
Sevenfive – The John Corigliano Effect (Gaudette Brass)
Sonic Migrations – Music Of Laurie Altman (Various Artists)
Tribute (Dover Quartet)
26 (Melia Watras & Michael Jinsoo Lim)

Remixer
Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical
 "You Move" (Latroit Remix)
 Dennis White, remixer (Depeche Mode)
 "Can't Let You Go" (Louie Vega Roots Mix)
 Louie Vega, remixer (Loleatta Holloway)
 "Funk O'De Funk" (Smle Remix)
 Smle, remixer (Bobby Rush)
 "Undercover" (Adventure Club Remix)
 Leighton James & Christian Srigley, remixer (Kehlani)
 "A Violent Noise" (Four Tet Remix)
 Four Tet, remixer (The XX)

Surround sound
Best Surround Sound Album
 Early Americans
 Jim Anderson, surround mix engineer; Darcy Proper, surround mastering engineer; Jim Anderson & Jane Ira Bloom, surround producers (Jane Ira Bloom)
 Kleiberg: Mass for Modern Man
 Morten Lindberg, surround mix engineer; Morten Lindberg, surround mastering engineer; Morten Lindberg, surround producer (Eivind Gullberg Jensen & Trondheim Symphony Orchestra and Choir)
 So Is My Love
 Morten Lindberg, surround mix engineer; Morten Lindberg, surround mastering engineer; Morten Lindberg, surround producer (Nina T. Karlsen & Ensemble 96)
 3-D The Catalogue
 Fritz Hilpert, surround mix engineer; Tom Ammermann, surround mastering engineer; Fritz Hilpert, surround producer (Kraftwerk)
 Tyberg: Masses
 Jesse Brayman, surround mix engineer; Jesse Brayman, surround mastering engineer; Blanton Alspaugh, surround producer (Brian A. Schmidt, Christopher Jacobson & South Dakota Chorale)

Classical
Best Orchestral Performance
 Shostakovich: Symphony No. 5; Barber: Adagio
Manfred Honeck, conductor (Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra)
 Concertos for Orchestra
Louis Langrée, conductor (Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra)
 Copland: Symphony No. 3; Three Latin American Sketches
Leonard Slatkin, conductor (Detroit Symphony Orchestra)
 Debussy: Images; Jeux & La Plus Que Lente
Michael Tilson Thomas, conductor (San Francisco Symphony)
 Mahler: Symphony No. 5
Osmo Vänskä, conductor (Minnesota Orchestra)

Best Opera Recording
 Berg: Wozzeck
Hans Graf, conductor; Anne Schwanewilms & Roman Trekel, soloists; Hans Graf, producer (Houston Symphony; Chorus Of Students And Alumni, Shepherd School of Music, Rice University & Houston Grand Opera Children's Chorus)
 Berg: Lulu
Lothar Koenigs, conductor; Daniel Brenna, Marlis Petersen & Johan Reuter, soloists; Jay David Saks, producer (Metropolitan Opera Orchestra)
 Bizet: Les Pêcheurs De Perles
Gianandrea Noseda, conductor; Diana Damrau, Mariusz Kwiecień, Matthew Polenzani & Nicolas Testé, soloists; Jay David Saks, producer (Metropolitan Opera Orchestra and Chorus)
 Händel: Ottone
George Petrou, conductor; Max Emanuel Cencic & Lauren Snouffer, soloists; Jacob Händel, producer (Il Pomo D'Oro)
 Rimsky-Korsakov: The Golden Cockerel
Valery Gergiev, conductor; Vladimir Feliauer, Aida Garifullina & Kira Loginova, soloists; Ilya Petrov, producer (Mariinsky Orchestra; Mariinsky Chorus)

Best Choral Performance
 Bryars: The Fifth Century
Donald Nally, conductor; The Crossing, choir (PRISM, ensemble)
 Händel: Messiah
Andrew Davis, conductor; Noel Edison, chorus master; Toronto Mendelssohn Choir (Elizabeth DeShong, John Relyea, Andrew Staples & Erin Wall, soloists; Toronto Symphony Orchestra)
 Mansurian: Requiem
Alexander Liebreich, conductor; Florian Helgath, chorus master; RIAS Kammerchor (Anja Petersen & Andrew Redmond, soloists; Münchener Kammerorchester)
 Music of the Spheres
Nigel Short, conductor; Tenebrae (choir)
 Tyberg: Masses
Brian A. Schmidt, conductor; South Dakota Chorale (Christopher Jacobson, soloist)

Best Chamber Music/Small Ensemble Performance
 Death & the Maiden
Patricia Kopatchinskaja & the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra
 Buxtehude: Trio Sonatas Op. 1
Arcangelo
 Divine Theatre – Sacred Motets by Giaches de Wert
Stile Antico
 Franck, Kurtág, Previn & Schumann
Joyce Yang & Augustin Hadelich
 Martha Argerich & Friends – Live From Lugano 2016
Martha Argerich & Various Artists

Best Classical Instrumental Solo
 Transcendal
 Daniil Trifonov
 Bach: The French Suites
 Murray Perahia
 Haydn: Cello Concertos
 Steven Isserlis; Florian Donderer, conductor (The Deutsche Kammerphilharmonie Bremen)
 Levina: The Piano Concertos
 Maria Lettberg; Ariane Matiakh, conductor (Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin)
 Shostakovich: Violin Concertos Nos. 1 & 2
 Frank Peter Zimmermann; Alan Gilbert, conductor (NDR Elbphilharmonie Orchester)

Best Classical Solo Vocal Album
 Crazy Girl Crazy – Music by Gershwin, Berg & Berio
Barbara Hannigan
 Bach & Telemann: Sacred Cantatas
Philippe Jaroussky, soloist; Petra Müllejans, conductor
 Gods & Monsters
Nicholas Phan, soloist; Myra Huang, accompanist
 In War & Peace – Harmony Through Music
Joyce DiDonato, soloist; Maxim Emelyanychev, conductor
 Sviridov: Russia Cast Adrift
Dmitri Hvorostovsky, soloist; Constantine Orbelian, conductor

Best Classical Compendium
 Higdon: All Things Majestic, Viola Concerto & Oboe Concerto
 Giancarlo Guerrero, conductor; Tim Handley, producer
 Barbara
 Alexandre Tharaud, conductor; Cécile Lenoir, producer
 Kurtág: Complete Works for Ensemble & Choir
 Reinbert de Leeuw, conductor; Guido Tichelman, producer
 Les Routes de l'Esclavage
 Jordi Savall, conductor; Benjamin Bletton, producer
 Mademoiselle: Première Audience – Unknown Music of Nadia Boulanger
 Lucy Mauro, pianist and producer

Best Contemporary Classical Composition
 Viola Concerto
Jennifer Higdon, composer (Roberto Diaz, Giancarlo Geurrero & the Nashville Symphony)
 Songs of Solitude
Richard Danielpour, composer (Thomas Hampson, Giancarlo Guerrero & the Nashville Symphony)
 Requiem
Tigran Mansurian, composer (Alexander Liebreich, Florian Helgath, the RIAS Kammerchor & the Münchener Kammerorchester)
 Picture Studies
Adam Schoenberg, composer (Michael Stern & the Kansas City Symphony)
 Concerto for Orchestra
Zhou Tian, composer (Louis Langrée & the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra)

Music video/film
Best Music Video
 "Humble" – Kendrick Lamar
 The Little Homies & Dave Meyers, video directors; Jason Baum, Dave Free, Jamie Rabineau, Nathan K. Scherrer & Anthony Tiffith, video producers
 "Up All Night" – Beck
 Canada, video director; Alba Barneda, Laura Serra Estorch & Oscar Romagosa, video producers
 "Makeba" – Jain
 Lionel Hirle & Gregory Ohrel, video directors; Yodelice, video producer
 "The Story of O.J." – Jay-Z
 Shawn Carter & Mark Romanek, video directors; Daniel Midgley, Elizabeth Newman & Chaka Pilgrim, video producers
 "1-800-273-8255" – Logic featuring Alessia Cara & Khalid
 Andy Hines, video director; Brandon Bonfiglio, Mildred Delamota, Andrew Lerios, Luga Podesta & Alex Randal, video producers

Best Music Film
 The Defiant Ones – (various artists) Allen Hughes, video director; Sarah Anthony, Fritzi Horstman, Broderick Johnson, Gene Kirkwood, Andrew Kosove, Laura Lancaster, Michael Lombardo, Jerry Longarzo, Doug Pray & Steven Williams, video producers'''
 One More Time With Feeling – Nick Cave & The Bad Seeds
 Andrew Dominik, video director; Dulcie Kellett & James Wilson, video producers
 Long Strange Trip – The Grateful Dead
 Amir Bar-Lev, video director; Alex Blavatnik, Ken Dornstein, Eric Eisner, Nick Koskoff, Justin Kreutzmann, video producers
 Soundbreaking – (various artists)
 Maro Chermayeff & Jeff Dupre, video directors; Joshua Bennett, Julia Marchesi, Sam Pollard, Sally Rosenthal, Amy Schewel & Warren Zanes, video producers
 Two Trains Runnin – (various artists)
 Sam Pollard, video director; Benjamin Hedin, video producer

Special merit awards

MusiCares Person of the Year
 Fleetwood Mac
 Mick Fleetwood
 John McVie
 Christine McVie
 Lindsey Buckingham
 Stevie Nicks

Lifetime Achievement Award
 Hal Blaine
 Neil Diamond
 Emmylou Harris
 Louis Jordan
 The Meters
 Queen
 Tina Turner

Trustees Award
 Bill Graham
 Seymour Stein
 John Williams

Technical Grammy Award
 Tony Agnello
 Richard Factor

Music Educator Award
 2014 Kent Knappenberger (Westfield Academy and Central School in Westfield, N.Y.)
 2015 Jared Cassedy (of Windham High School in Windham, N.H.)
 2016 Phillip Riggs (of North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics in Durham, N.C)
 2017 Keith Hancock (of Tesoro High School in Rancho Santa Margarita, C.A.)

 2018 Melissa Salguero (of P.S. 48 Joseph R. Drake in Hunts Point, Bronx)
 2019 Jeffery Redding (of West Orange High School in Florida
 2020 Mickey Smith Jr. (of Maplewood Middle School in Sulphur, Louisiana)
 2021 Jeffrey Murdock (of The University of Arkansas)
 2022 Stephen Cox (of Eastland High School in Eastland, Texas)

Grammy Hall of Fame inductions

In memoriam

Tom Petty
Walter Becker
J Geils
Eddie Clarke
Pat DiNizio
Gord Downie
Ray Thomas
Johnny Hallyday
Cuba Gooding Sr.
Charles Bradley
Denise LaSalle
Dolores O'Riordan
Chuck Berry
David Cassidy
Glen Campbell
Troy Gentry
Jo Walker-Meador
Bill Hearn
Fats Domino
Keely Smith
Sylvia Moy
Bunny Sigler
Wayne Cochran
Leon Ware
Gregg Allman
Lonnie Brooks
James Cotton
Clyde Stubblefield
Rick Hall
Jimmy Beaumont
Gary Arnold
 Jay Lowy
Paul Buckmaster
Joni Sledge
Don Williams
Mel Tillis
Jon Hendricks
Hugh Masekela
Larry Coryell
John Abercrombie
Grady Tate
Allan Holdsworth
Ralph Carney
George Avakian
Tommy LiPuma
Roberta Peters
Robert Mann
Jerry Lewis
Jim Nabors
Shelley Berman
Prodigy
Lil Peep
Reggie Osse
Chris Cornell
Malcolm Young
Bruce Hampton
Bruce Langhorne
Ed Greene
 Jordan Feldstein
Sandy Gallin
Carol Peters
 Joseph Rascoff
 Harry Sandler
Edwin Hawkins
Della Reese
Thomas Meehan
Dave Valentin
Jerry Perenchio
Jerry Ross
Tom Coyne
Nigel Grainge
Chester Bennington

Multiple nominations and awards
The following received multiple nominations:Eight:Jay-ZSeven:Kendrick LamarSix:Bruno MarsFive:Childish Gambino
Khalid
No I.D.
SZAFour:Christopher Brody Brown
Alessia Cara
Serban Ghenea
John Hanes
Justin Hurwitz
Philip Lawrence
Morten LindbergThree:Justin Bieber
Tom Coyne
Daddy Yankee
James Fauntleroy
Luis Fonsi
Ludwig Goransson
Dave Kutch
Ledisi
Charles Moniz
Nothing More
Chuck Owen
Chris Stapleton
The Stereotypes
Pharrell WilliamsTwo:Derek "MixedByAli" Ali
Gregg Allman
Blanton Alspaugh
Jack Antonoff
The Baylor Project
John Beasley
6lack
Bonobo
Mike Bozzi
Jesse Brayman
Tim Breen
Daniel Caesar
Warryn Campbell
Cardi B
Billy Childs
Anat Cohen
Leonard Cohen
Coldplay
Michael Corcoran
JT Daly
Jimmy Douglass
Foo Fighters
Gorillaz
Michael Graves
Bernie Grundman
Fred Hersch
James Hetfield
Fritz Hilpert
Asheton Hogan
James Hunt
Sam Hunt
Imagine Dragons
Jason Isbell and the 400 Unit
Gimel "Young Guru" Keaton
Kesha
K.Flay
Martin Kistner
Alison Krauss
Greg Kurstin
Lady Antebellum
Lady Gaga
Ladysmith Black Mambazo
Miranda Lambert
LCD Soundsystem
Le'Andria
Lil Uzi Vert
Little Big Town
Logic
Riley Mackin
Raul Malo
Mura Masa
Mastodon
Shane McAnally
Vince Mendoza
MercyMe
Andreas K. Meyer
Julia Michaels
Midland
Migos
Mike Will Made It
Lin-Manuel Miranda
Father John Misty
Odesza
Josh Osborne
Pasek and Paul
Sam Pollard
Chris Potter
Rapsody
Ruben Rivera
Robert Russ
Jay David Saks
Matt Schaeffer
Ed Sheeran
Ken Shipley
Nate Smith
Taylor Swift
Andrew Taggart
Anthony Tiffith
Lars Ulrich
Tauren Wells
CeCe Winans
Hans Zimmer

The following received multiple awards:Six:Bruno MarsFive:Kendrick LamarThree:Christopher Brody Brown
Tom Coyne
James Fauntleroy
Serban Ghenea
John Hanes
Philip Lawrence
Charles Moniz
Chris StapletonTwo:''
Justin Hurwitz
Jason Isbell
Ray Charles McCullough II
Jeremy Reeves
Ray Romulus
Shampoo Press & Curl
Ed Sheeran
CeCe Winans
Johnathan Yip

Changes
In June 2017, the Grammy organization announced a few minor changes to the voting and awarding process.

 As of 2018, voting members will cast their votes online rather than by paper ballot. This transition will provide greater flexibility for touring artists, eliminate the possibility of invalid ballots, and protect further against fraudulent voting.
 All music creators, including songwriters, producers, engineers, mixers, mastering engineers and featured artists, which are credited with at least 33 percent or more playing time on the winning album will be eligible to receive a Grammy in the Album of the Year category. This is the first time songwriters are recognized in this category.
 From this year on, Nominations Review Committees will be created and implemented for the Rap, Contemporary Instrumental, and New Age Fields.
 From this year, the definition of Album is expanded in Classical, Dance, And Jazz Fields. To be eligible for Grammy consideration, an album must comprise a minimum total playing time of 15 minutes with at least five distinct tracks or a minimum total playing time of 30 minutes with no minimum track requirement.
 An exception on the rule of only one version of a song allowed to enter in the Grammy Awards nomination process will be made in the Best Song Written for Visual Media category, allowing the film version of a track to be entered in the category, even if a different version of the track is submitted in other categories. In the Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media category, eligibility guidelines have been amended to require soundtrack albums for a documentary or biopic to contain 51 percent or more of newly recorded music.

New York as a host city
The 60th Annual Grammy Awards marked the first time since 2003 that the ceremony was held in New York City. The Staples Center in Los Angeles had been the home of the Grammys since 2000. The 2003 ceremony was also held at New York City's Madison Square Garden. The fifteen-year gap between the 2003 and 2018 Grammys in New York marked the longest period of time New York went without hosting the awards.

With the main telecast being held at Madison Square Garden, the premiere ceremony (also known as the Pre-Telecast) was held at the Hulu Theater.

The MusiCares Person of the Year tribute is typically held at the Los Angeles Convention Center two days prior to the Grammys, but since the 2018 Grammy Awards were held in New York, the MusiCares tribute was held at Radio City Music Hall.

Controversy and cost overruns
Hosting the Grammy Awards in New York City resulted in the Grammy Awards costing more to organize, as the costs associated with hosting it in Los Angeles are significantly less. The awards cost $8 million more to host in New York City. The host committee that the city assembled failed to raise the money that they had initially promised. The MusiCares Person of the Year tribute, which the Barclays Center (operated by AEG) was hoping to host, ended up being held at Radio City Music Hall, which is owned by The Madison Square Garden Company. MusiCares funds, which were intended for charitable purposes, were instead used to pay for the $8 million cost overruns associated with hosting the Grammys in New York City.

Dana Tomarken, the former executive VP of MusiCares, claims that Recording Academy president Neil Portnow directed these funds away from MusiCares to pay for the cost overruns. Dana Tomarken had been negotiating a deal to have the MusiCares Person of the Year tribute to Fleetwood Mac to be held at the Barclays Center, but Portnow decided to have it at Radio City Music Hall, without consulting Tomarken. Irving Azoff who heads Azoff MSG Entertainment (which is affiliated with The Madison Square Garden Company), informed her of this change rather than Portnow consulting her first. Tomarken has since made a claim of wrongful termination. On June 5, 2018, an independent investigation was launched to examine the claims made by Dana Tomarken. The investigation also examined the MusiCares Person of the Year tribute as well as sexual harassment allegations. In May 2019, Tomarken claimed she was fired because she pushed back against the academy's "boys club". The academy allegedly tried to keep Tomarken's allegations from being fully made public. She also claimed that she struggled to find a suitable venue in New York for the MusiCares Person of the Year tribute to Fleetwood Mac. The Barclays Center offered up an acceptable deal, but Irving Azoff of the Madison Square Garden Company prevented the event from being held there. By having it at Radio City instead, the event was not a traditional VIP dinner, nor did it have a silent auction. This then prevented the event from turning a profit.

On June 4, 2018, the mayor's office weighed in on the controversy, saying their position was always to be "venue neutral" and denied any involvement in the venue controversy. The Barclays Center notified City Hall of their interest in being involved with Grammy week, and Julie Menin (the New York City Commissioner for the Mayor's Office of Media and Entertainment) passed that information along to Grammy organizers.

Ratings

The show was moved to January to avoid competing with the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, as was the case in 2010 and 2014. Viewership for the ceremony dropped 24% compared to the previous year, obtaining the smallest audience in the show's history in the key demographic.

References

 060
2018 in American music
2018 in New York City
2018 music awards
2010s in Manhattan
Madison Square Garden
January 2018 events in the United States

60th Annual Grammy Awards


Badri Narayanan temple (Tamil: பத்ரி நாராயணன் கோயில்) is a Hindu temple in the Madurai District in the entrance of Alagar Koil in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

The temple is built in the style of the Badrinath temple, Uttarakhand.

Lord Balaji is in seated position in this temple. An idol of the  Adi Shankaracharya — an important Hindu saint in 8th century AD — is placed alongside of the temple.

The principal idol represents Vishnu in a meditative posture and is flanked by Nara-Narayana.

There is a large date tree in the back of the temple's shrine, behind the statue of Lord Badri Narayana.

Some of the other images include Lakshmi (Vishnu's consort), Garuda (Vishnu's mount), Anjaneya, and Ganesha.

As per the legend, Lord Kallalagar visits the temple in the eve of the Chittirai festival, one of the famous festivals in Tamil Nadu. The Kallalagar starts his journey from the Alagar Koil crossing the Badri Narayanan Shrine. During this time, he visits Vandiyur, near the Vaigai River, on the eastern outskirts of Madurai. It is believed that he realizes that he is too late for his sister's wedding, so refuses to cross the river and returns disappointed to Alagar Koil.

Daily pujas and monthly bhajans are held on temple premises.

References

Hindu temples in Madurai district

Badri Narayanan temple


ionCube Ltd. is a software company based in Hersden, Kent in the United Kingdom.

ionCube was founded in 2002, and introduced tools to prevent the source code of software written using the PHP programming language from being viewed, changed, and run on unlicensed computers. The encoding technology grew out of earlier work on the PHP Accelerator project, and at first launch included an online encoding service where PHP scripts can be uploaded and an encoded version downloaded in return, and a command line tool for Linux soon after. The tools use the technique of compiling to bytecode prior to encoding so that source code is eliminated, and runtime overheads are reduced. A PHP extension called the ionCube Loader handles the reading and execution of encoded files at run time. Unlike CPU's such as 8086, where compiled code from many years ago continues to run on its derivatives today, the virtual machine instruction set of PHP has changed over time. The ionCube Loader uses the technique of on the fly patching of compiled code in memory to achieve back compatibility of
running older files on newer versions of PHP.

The encoding products were subsequently ported to FreeBSD, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X, and the range of products expanded to offer additional features such as product licensing and encryption of non-PHP files. In July 2004 a Windows GUI was introduced, no longer requiring use of the command line for Windows users.

In 2004, ionCube introduced their Package Foundry product, IPF, for Linux and Windows. IPF allows web applications to be packaged as a Windows executable installer that can automatically deploy a web application to a remote server, as well as performing various installation and configuration tasks, and launching the browser on the main page of the installed application.

ionCube also produce a product called the Bundler. Unrelated to PHP, the Bundler is a Windows and Linux tool to produce self-extracting archives for Windows.

In December 2010 ionCube released version 7.0 of their Encoder, including support for the PHP 5.3 language.

In May 2013 ionCube released version 8.0 with support for encoding the PHP 5.4 language. This was followed by an 8.1 release in October 2013 with changes including an updated GUI, enhanced security and a feature to assist selecting optimal security settings. February 2014 saw the release of Encoder 8.2 with some new features, and most notably a GUI for OS X users. As of April 18, 2014, Encoder 8.3 was released with support for encoding PHP 5.5 language features.

In May 2015 ionCube released version 9 with support for PHP 5.6 language syntax and new security features such as decrypting compiled code using algorithmically runtime generated keys rather than static keys, followed by version 10 with support for PHP 7.1 in August 2017.

Version 11 was subsequently released to support PHP 7.4 in October 2021 and version 12 for PHP 8.1 in August 2022.

ionCube24

In Q1 2015, ionCube introduced a service called ionCube24 offering realtime malware protection for PHP websites. ionCube24 uses the ionCube Loader to monitor and block any unexpected PHP code, as might be introduced by a software vulnerability exploit, before it executes. Alongside the security aspect of ionCube24, it also provides realtime PHP and Javascript error reporting, along with server monitoring from various regions including Asia, North America and Europe.

Conferences

ionCube was invited to talk about their EPIK community project and Minecraft with NetBeans JavaOne in San Francisco October 2014.
In December 2014, ionCube presented a talk at the 2014 Google Developers Group DevFest conference in Istanbul, Turkey, about how websites can be hacked and how this can be prevented, featuring a live proof of concept demonstration with an emergency light and car alarm triggered when a website intrusion was detected.

Community Initiatives

EPIK

In February 2012, ionCube launched an initiative called EPIK, aimed at Encouraging Programming In Kids for people aged 16 to 24 through a programming competition, with winners sharing part of a £1000 prize fund and having the opportunity of an IT apprenticeship.

In February 2013 the ionCube EPIK initiative was expanded, and ran a three-day coding event for young developers with age ranges from under 10 to their early 20s. Most participants had no prior experience of coding or web technologies, and with support of industry mentors from ionCube and elsewhere, teams at three regional sites in Kent conceived and developed a range of website projects over two days. Teams came together for a third day of coding at the Turner Contemporary gallery before making final presentations of their projects, mostly with live websites. Judges from ionCube and Sony awarded various prizes, including Raspberry Pi and related hardware, a future presentation to the British Computer Society, and further one-to-one industry mentoring.
Subsequent events have included a Minecraft 3D printing day in May 2013, a B9Creator 3D printer build day, and events in conjunction with Mozilla.

Involvement with Young Rewired State

On August 6 to 10 2012, ionCube hosted a week-long hackathon in Kent, South East England, as part of the Young Rewired State 2012 Festival of Code event for encouraging self-motivated young programmers. Attendees were aged from 9 to 18, and with the guidance of mentors and the remit to use some Open data, devised and produced a website called radiosight.com.

Mozilla MozFest 2016

In 2015 and 2016, ionCube helped organise the Youth Zone at Mozilla MozFest, interviewing some of the attendees and young makers at the 2016 event.

References

External links

PHP software
Software companies of the United Kingdom
Companies established in 2002
2002 establishments in England

IonCube


In dermatology, an abrasion is a damage to the skin that affects only the surface, generally not deeper than the epidermis. But it can give mild bleeding. Mild abrasions, also known as 'grazes' do not scar, but deep abrasions may lead to the development of scarring tissue.

Abrasion injuries occur rather often when exposed skin comes into moving contact with a rough surface causing trauma to the upper layers of the epidermis.

Such injuries, where caused by abrasive contact with textiles or carpet, are sometimes referred to as 'rug burn' or 'carpet burn'.

Related pages
 Wound

Medical signs
Injuries

Abrasion (medical)


The Merry Wives of Windsor is a play by William Shakespeare. It is a comedy. The Merry Wives of Windsor was first acted between 1600 and 1601. It was first printed in 1602.

Sources
Shakespeare usually based his plays on works by other writers. Merry Wives however is completely Shakespeare's invention. Legend says Queen Elizabeth I liked the character of Falstaff so much that she wanted to see him in love, and begged Shakespeare to continue his adventures after the two parts of Henry IV.

Main characters
 Sir John Falstaff
 Mistress Ford
 Mistress Page

Story
The story follows the old, fat, penniless knight Sir John Falstaff as he tries to swindle money from two ladies of Windsor, England. They are aware of his schemes from the beginning. They punish him in various ways, including a ducking in a river after he hides in a basket of dirty laundry to avoid their husbands.  A subplot involves a young woman convincing her parents to allow her to marry the man she loves.

Adaptations
Operas based on the play include Falstaff (1799) by Antonio Salieri, The Merry Wives of Windsor (1849) by Carl Otto Nicolai, Falstaff (1893) by Giuseppe Verdi, and Sir John in Love (1929) by Ralph Vaughan Williams.

References

Plays by William Shakespeare
1600s plays

The Merry Wives of Windsor


Alice Tully Hall is a concert hall at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in the Upper West Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. The hall is named for Alice Tully, a New York performer and philanthropist whose donations assisted in the construction of the hall. Tully Hall is located within the Juilliard Building, a Brutalist structure, which was designed by architect Pietro Belluschi. It was completed and subsequently opened in 1969. Since its opening, it has hosted numerous performances and events, including the New York Film Festival. Tully Hall seats 1,086 patrons. It is the home of the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center.

As part of the Lincoln Center 65th Street Development Project, the Juilliard School and Tully Hall underwent a major renovation and expansion by architects Diller Scofidio + Renfro and FXFOWLE, which were completed in 2009. The building utilizes new interior materials, technologies, and updated equipment for concerts, film, theater, and dance. The expansion of the Juilliard building features a three-story all-glass lobby and sunken plaza beneath a new, cantilevered extension, "projecting a newly visible public identity to Broadway."

Site

The Juilliard School building sits along the west side of Broadway, between 65th and 66th Streets (across the street from Avery Fisher Hall and the Lincoln Center parking garage). Prior to its expansion, it maintained a rectangular footprint of approximately 200 x .  Also, prior to the re-development project, the building's primary means of connection to the main Lincoln Center complex was a large pedestrian footbridge (named the Paul Milstein Plaza) that crossed over and covered a large portion of West 65th Street. Despite the original building's shape, its site was rhomboidal in shape, due to the diagonal progression of Broadway through the orthogonal grid of Manhattan. Rejecting Broadway's diagonal progression, the architects oriented Juilliard to the grid, using the remaining triangular section as a small plaza.

Though not located on the complex's superblock between West 62nd and 65th Streets, the architects identified the original Juilliard building with Lincoln Center through the footbridge connection and use of cladding. Gordon Bunshaft originally envisioned the bridge to better integrate Juilliard with the main Lincoln Center campus and hide street traffic. Little to no consideration was given to the effects of such a wide bridge on the street below.

As Juilliard's main public theater, Alice Tully Hall was not given a prominent entrance, despite the fact that it was housed in the only Lincoln Center building on a site directly facing Broadway. The entrance was instead tucked under the second-story outdoor terrace/footbridge and the monumental exterior staircase that led up to it from the plaza. This feature along with the rejection of the diagonal and the setting back of the building from Broadway follow a similar logic of detachment from the city street that the main Lincoln Center campus embodied. This original entrance to Tully Hall became fully visible only once the terrace, staircase, and footbridge was removed in 2006.

History

Context and construction
Before the construction of Alice Tully Hall, most of the chamber music performances in New York City were held at The Town Hall on West 43rd Street, which had been built in 1921. The founders of Lincoln Center wished to have a chamber music hall in the complex, as there was still a need for a dedicated space. Before construction on Lincoln Center began, the architects considered placing a chamber music hall in the basement of Philharmonic Hall (since renamed David Geffen Hall, formerly Avery Fisher Hall). However, as the Juilliard School needed a concert hall that was equal in size to a chamber music hall, Lincoln Center chose to build one in the Juilliard building. Construction on the Juilliard building began in 1965 on a site one block north of the original Lincoln Center complex and part of the parcel designated for improvement through urban renewal. The cost of the chamber music hall was approximately $4.2 million, all of which was covered by donations from Alice Tully, a New York chamber music patron and former singer.

Alice Tully Hall was designed as part of the Juilliard School building by Pietro Belluschi, who became involved with the Lincoln Center project in October 1956, when he participated in a two-week conference devoted to discussing the planning of the center. The president of the Juilliard School consulted with Belluschi on which architect to choose for the project, and though Belluschi had submitted a list of architects to be considered, he was ultimately chosen for the role. He collaborated with Eduardo Catalano and Helge Westermann. Westermann had established an office in New York, which Belluschi and Catalano used as a local liaison for the project. Over twelve years, the architectural team had developed approximately 70 sets of preliminary drawings.

The project had been put on hold, pending decisions on the final site and budget, but went forward in 1963. Tired of battling budget restrictions and changing program requirements, Belluschi and Catalano had difficulty generating new plans when the project restarted. Several of their previously proposed plans were turned over to Robert Burns, Frederick Taylor, and Frederick Preis, three employees at Catalano's office. Burns' plan was based heavily off Catalano's MIT Student Center (completed in 1965).  Catalano was regularly available for guidance and criticism on the project, whereas Belluschi would only stop in occasionally to review the work of Catalano's office. Belluschi played a more public role, communicating with Juilliard and with donors. He also was highly involved in designing spaces like the performance hall lobbies and foyers.

Acoustician Heinrich Keilholz designed the hall's acoustics. Alice Tully played an influential role in the design of the hall. In a 1992 interview, Patrick McGinnis, former director of operations of Alice Tully Hall, described Tully as "very, very particular and meticulous about her choices of colors and what she wanted in the hall that would bear her name." Tully also insisted on there creating ample space between the rows of seats, allowing concertgoers of all heights to be comfortable.

Opening, use and renovation
Tully Hall opened on September 11, 1969. Its opening night showcased the first concert of the Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center. The New York Times praised the "restrained, elegant interior" of basswood, deep lavender carpeting, and raspberry seats," and Mildred Schmertz of Architectural Record stated that Alice Tully Hall and the other auditoriums in the Juilliard School building "prove that it is possible to create elegant halls in contemporary terms without resorting to skimpy evocations of the gilt, plaster, and crystal décor of the great halls of the past." Since its opening, Tully Hall has served as a venue for numerous events, including Mostly Mozart, Great Performers, the New York Film Festivals, and Jazz at Lincoln Center. In 1975, a cathedral-sized, 4,192-pipe organ was installed.

Diller Scofidio + Renfro were chosen in 2003 as the design architects to redevelop Lincoln Center's 65th Street corridor, beating out Norman Foster, Richard Meier, and Santiago Calatrava in a 2002 design competition. The plan called for the adjacent block of 65th Street to be renovated with a more pedestrian-friendly environment. In April 2004, Lincoln Center unveiled the designs by Diller Scofidio + Renfro and FXFOWLE for the first phase of its redevelopment project, which included the expansion of the Juilliard building and the redesign of Alice Tully Hall. The plan received final approval and construction began in March 2006. The plan was praised by many architecture critics, but it also received criticism from preservationists, such as advocacy group Docomomo International, which wished to see the original Belluschi building remain intact. The New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission declined in 2005 to designate Alice Tully Hall as a city landmark. The majority of the controversy has been focused on changes being made to other parts of Lincoln Center, in phase two of the redevelopment project.

By June 2006, Lincoln Center, Inc. had raised $339 million, 75% of the $459 million it was responsible for raising for the project. The total goal for the project was $650 million, and the remainder of the money was provided by the federal government and the governments of New York City and State. Lincoln Center also received 20 gifts of $5 million or more, nine of which were at $10 million and above. The donors included individuals, corporations, and foundations, as well as banks Morgan Stanley, Credit Suisse, and Bank of New York Mellon. Work on Alice Tully Hall commenced in April 2007.

Tully Hall reopened in February 2009 with a two-week celebration.  The Juilliard expansion and renovation was projected to cost around $100 million, but it was reported to have cost as much as $360 million; no official numbers have been released. The entire West 65th Street project was projected to cost $325 million.  Charles Renfro, a partner at Diller Scofidio + Renfro, stated that the sum was probably twice as high as it would have cost to tear down Belluschi's building and build anew.

Architecture

Exterior

The Juilliard School's architectural design reflects the Brutalist style, characterized by its emphasis on rigid geometries and distinctive cantilevered structures. Initial architectural concepts, led by Pietro Belluschi and Eduardo Catalano, initially leaned toward a more classical white temple appearance, consistent with the other structures at Lincoln Center. However, as the project evolved and the school's leadership underwent changes, the design approach also shifted. The selected design, created by Robert Burns, emerged as a result of these changes in location and programmatic modifications. This design was influenced by the MIT Student Center's layout, ultimately guiding the construction process.

The scheme is based on the placement of main performance spaces on either side of a central vertical circulation core.  At a cost of nearly $30 million in 1969, the  building contained: 10 floors (4 above ground, 4 below), 3 Juilliard theaters, the public Alice Tully Hall, 15 large dance, opera, and drama studios, 3 organ studios, 84 practice rooms, 27 classrooms and ensemble studios, 30 private instruction studios, numerous orchestra and choral rehearsal rooms, scenery and costume studios and workshops, a library, lounge, snack bar, and administration offices. The theaters and working floors are tied together by a West 65th Street vestibule-lobby that rises several stories, allowing one to orient oneself upon entering the building.  The arrangement and packing of a campus' worth of spaces into a single building greatly impressed architectural critics, but was not as well received by the students of Juilliard, who were confused by the building's circulation.

The Juilliard building, set on a regular structural grid, was designed in steel and concrete with a travertine veneer (for which the material was donated by the Italian government).  However, the public entrance to Alice Tully Hall under the second-story terrace and exterior staircase was difficult to find.  The removal of the West 65th Street footbridge, in 2006, unveiled this entrance, but it did not attain full prominence until the renovation and expansion of Tully Hall and Juilliard.

Interior

Most of the building's interior was extremely simple, with walls often left as bare concrete aggregate with wall-to-wall carpeting on the floors in several areas.  The theaters, on the other hand, were far more finely detailed.  Tully Hall was (in accordance with the desires of Alice Tully herself) designed with wood batten with dampening behind, and lavender carpet "casting 1930s-ish mauve lights in the foyer." Though the theater's lobby was large, it was depressed several feet below grade. The theater was designed mainly for recitals and chamber music performances, but because the first three rows of seats could be replaced by an expanded stage, it could also accommodate small orchestras.  Tully Hall is located within  of the subway tunnel under Broadway, and this required the insertion of a one-inch-thick, cork-lined asbestos pad between the theater's foundation and bedrock, as well as the isolation of the theater's walls from structural columns.  Tully Hall's acoustics were praised as being among the best of any performance hall in Lincoln Center, thanks to the work of acoustician Heinrich Keilholz (who consulted on the acoustics of the entire building as well).

After its renovation, Tully Hall's lobby doubled in size from , with a  patron's salon added on the mezzanine level.  A public café named at65 is visible in the lobby along Broadway, backed by blood-red walls of tongue-and-groove muirapiranga wood, which now wrap the new performance hall (renamed the Starr Theater).  The lobby's floors are made of Portuguese ataija azul limestone.  The east and south elevations are sheathed with a mullionless one-way-cable wall system, allowing for maximum transparency.

Narrow passageways lead to the side entrances of the concert hall. The passageway walls are lined with dark gray felt and the floors are covered with gray industrial carpeting.  Elisabeth Diller calls this the "sensory deprivation space", as it is meant to heighten the drama of coming into the auditorium.  The theater's new skin consists almost entirely of translucent eco-friendly resin and African moabi wood panels that were developed with 3form (and are between 1 and 1.5 inches thick). The panels form gill-like acoustic baffles along the side walls or become pivoting pyramid shapes that bounce sound.  Sections of the balcony and side walls give emit a soft pinkish light as LEDs hidden behind them glow through the opaque moabi veneer.  Aesthetics, acoustics, and lighting were all incorporated into these panels to remove visual clutter and create a more inviting space.  The stage can now be configured in three different ways, as the front rows are capable of sliding down and underneath it.

Renovation

As part of the Lincoln Center Redevelopment Project, the Juilliard School needed another  of space and wanted Alice Tully Hall's interiors and public spaces to be more welcoming. The expansion by Diller Scofidio + Renfro and FXFOWLE extended the travertine cladding of the original building along the West 65th Street facade, and also created an adapted extension of the Brutalist geometries on the upper stories. The fourth-story row of recesses housing windows is extended, but with the glass displaced and extending beyond the recesses, differentiating the extension from the original building and subtly beginning to break the original Brutalist box. The Juilliard extension cantilevers over a sunken public plaza and a new 38-foot-6-inch-high glazed lobby. The underside of the extension tilts up at a 16-degree angle.  A dance studio punches through the curtain wall, overlooking Broadway. The transparency of the entry makes it feel like an extension of the Broadway sidewalk. A grandstand of bleacher-style seating on the far corner of the plaza rises at a similar angle to the canopy.

Structural glazed walls bring daylight into three stories of rehearsal space and classrooms in the extension, and the protruding dance studio is suspended beneath its soffit. East-west running trusses were installed between the third and sixth levels to carry the load for the four floors of the expansion, the longest of which has a  back span with a  cantilever. Some of the trusses' diagonals needed to be offset to accommodate doors, passageways, and other obstructions. Steel diagonal brace frames extend from the ground to the roof to support the lateral load.

Acoustician Mark Holden and his team measured every surface of the old performance hall to determine which were re-radiating the noise of the subway, and found that the stage and seating floors, and proscenium stage's vertical panels were the responsible members. The new floors sit on a floating concrete slab with a rubber pad, and the spin walls are mounted on giant rubber isolators, which work to mitigate the sounds of the subway.

Significance
Elizabeth Diller called Lincoln Center the "place that architects love to hate," but said that DS+R wanted to give it a "second chance."  It had long been criticized by the architectural community, due to the general dissatisfaction with the complex's overall feeling of detachment from its urban environment (the consequence of an antiquated architectural and planning ideology), the unsavory forms of the main theatre buildings, and the inadequacies of the actual performance spaces.  The Juilliard Building, by comparison, received far more favorable reviews, especially with regard to its performance spaces.  Despite its improvements over the superblock buildings, it was not without its problems: no clear, distinct public entrance for Tully Hall, the massive exterior stair and footbridge, lack of engagement with Broadway (either its social vitality and unique diagonal shape).

The expansion of Juilliard and the comprehensive renovation of Alice Tully Hall resolve many of the original building's issues, meeting the program requirements of the Juilliard School while actively engaging the once-reclusive Juilliard building with Broadway and Lincoln Square, making it an integral part of the area's vibrant street life.  Furthermore, the expansion and renovation successfully merge the Brutalist/Modernist language of the original building with the contemporary Post-Modernist language of the addition.  It is this Post-Modern language that interacts most with the streetscape, reflecting contemporary ideas regarding the creation of public space and the relationship/transition between indoor and outdoor spaces.  The new Tully Hall and Juilliard building has received rave reviews, with critics who liked the original building praising the architects for "pulling off the near-impossible feat of improving a good building without subverting its finer traits."

See also
 List of concert halls

References

External links

 Alice Tully Hall Seating Chart

1969 establishments in New York City
Music venues completed in 1969
Juilliard School
Music venues in Manhattan
Nightlife in New York City
Lincoln Center
Pietro Belluschi buildings
Diller Scofidio + Renfro buildings

Alice Tully Hall


Dissociatives are a type of hallucinogenic drug. Dissociatives can make the user feel separated or dissociated from their body and environment. They are often used as anesthetic, to make people unconscious during operations or for other medical uses.

Dissociatives change users perceptions and can cause hallucinations, trance and euphoria. They are usually only used on animals or children, who won't notice these effects. However, for this reason they are also used recreationally or for fun. In many countries however, they are illegal to use for this purpose. Some dissociatives, like that produced from Salvia divinorum, enter the bloodstream and attach to opioid receptors in the brain. Others attach to dopamine receptors. Most block the chemical glutamate from its normal action in the brain. Glutamate is important in how the brain processes memory and pain. The most commonly available dissociatives around the world are ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP) and dextromethorphan or DXM.

References

Psychoactive drugs

Dissociative


A Gramme machine, Gramme ring, Gramme magneto, or Gramme dynamo is an electrical generator that makes direct current. It is named for its Belgian inventor, Zénobe Gramme. It was the first generator to make enough power for industry.  Gramme showed this machine to the Academy of Sciences in Paris in 1871.

Electricity

Gramme machine


Ethnocentrism is when a person tries to judge the culture of other people from the point of view of their own culture.  Ethnocentrism can look at things like language, custom, religion and behavior.

An ethnocentric person will use their own culture as the basis for judging other cultures. They see their own culture as the best and believe other cultures should change to be more like theirs.

The term was first used by sociologist William G Sumner. He defined it as "the technical name for the view of things in which one's own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it". (PS this is more exclusive word for "racist")

Ethnocentrism and anthropology
All people tend to use the values of the culture we were born in. One of the main goals of anthropology is to not use ethnocentric ideas. Anthropologists try to see other cultures from the point of view of a person from that culture . This is also known as cultural relativism. It is the idea that goes against the idea that some things are always the same in every human culture (human universals). Cultural relativism says that all human action is relative to the culture where the action happens. Anthropologists know that they have to not use the standards of their own culture if they want to understand another society correctly.

References
Sumner, W.G. Folkways: a study of the sociological importance of usages,manners, customs, mores, and morals (Boston: Ginn and Co., 1906)

Cultural geography
Sociology

Ethnocentrism


The Da Vinci Code is a 2003 book by Dan Brown.
The book talks about a religious group called Opus Dei, a famous artist named Leonardo da Vinci, and some famous paintings he made called the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.

According to Sharan Newman in The Real History behind the Da Vinci Code, Dan Brown based The Da Vinci Code on a book called Holy Blood, Holy Grail by Baigent and Leigh. This book was based on some papers found in the National Library of France, and which were forgeries. The papers were written to show that the man who wrote them was really the true king of France and head of an ancient secret society.

In 2006, Columbia Pictures made a movie version. It was directed by Ron Howard and stars Tom Hanks as Robert Langdon.

2003 books
20th-century American novels

The Da Vinci Code


Civil disobedience is the active refusal to obey certain laws, demands and commands of a government, or of an occupying power, without resorting to physical violence. It is one of the primary tactics of nonviolent resistance.

The American author Henry David Thoreau pioneered the modern theory behind this practice in his 1849 essay Civil Disobedience, originally titled "Resistance to Civil Government".

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (also known as Mahatma Gandhi) used non-violent civil disobedience in South Africa in a campaign for civil rights for the people who came from India and lived in South Africa. This campaign was from 1893 to 1914. When Gandhi returned to India, he used civil disobedience in the campaign for the independence of India in 1930 from the British rule, when India was a British colony.

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr, and young activists in the American Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s also adopted civil disobedience techniques, during and after the Vietnam War.

Civil disobedience


Maurice Motamed or Morris Motamed (; born 1945) is an Iranian politician who was elected in 2000 and again in 2004 as a Jewish member of the Iranian Parliament (preceded by Manuchehr Eliasi and succeeded by Siamak Moreh Sedgh), representing the Jewish community which has by Iran's constitution retained a reserved seat since the Persian Constitution of 1906.

Career

In Parliament, he has been active in defending Jews, Christians and Zoroastrians against discrimination. He also played a prominent role in the efforts to alleviate the sentences against some members of the Jewish community for alleged spying or illegally trying to flee the country.  He also served as a member of the Parliament's Energy Committee.

In various media, Motamed has regularly expressed his support for the official positions of the Iranian government on international affairs in order to stress the national loyalty of Iranian Jews for the country, including support for Iran nuclear program (he was a member of the Majlis energy commission).

With regard to Holocaust denial comments made by Iran's former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Motamed has expressed significant concerns, noting that "Denial of such a great historical tragedy that is connected to the Jewish community can only be considered an insult to all the world's Jewish communities."  He also criticised Iranian television for broadcasting antisemitic programmes. He also added that, "The Iranian Jews have been present in this country for a long time, for some 2,700 [years]. During these 2,700 years they have always been in full understanding with the society, they've lived in friendship and brotherhood, so therefore I don't think that bringing up such an issue could damage the Jewish community in Iran."

See also
Persian Jews
Iranian Parliament religious minority reserved seats
Iran–Israel relations

References

External links

 Reuters, Iran's religious minorities waning despite own MPs, February 16, 2000
 Agence France Presse, Islamic republic's non-Muslims stand behind Khatami, June 2, 2001
 Associated Press, Iran O.K's Equalizing 'Blood Money', November 3, 2002
 Morris (Maurice) Motamed, A report on the activities of Iranian Jewish member of The Islamic Parliament, Ofegh Bina (Quarterly Magazine), Vol. 5, No. 21, Autumn 2003, pp.61-62

1945 births
Living people
Jewish Iranian politicians
Iranian Jews
Jewish Representatives in Islamic Consultative Assembly
Members of the 6th Islamic Consultative Assembly
Members of the 7th Islamic Consultative Assembly

Maurice Motamed