Make Money Fast (stylised as MAKE.MONEY.FAST) is a title of an electronically forwarded chain letter created in 1988 which became so infamous that the term is often used to describe all sorts of chain letters forwarded over the Internet, by e-mail spam, or in Usenet newsgroups. In anti-spammer slang, the name is often abbreviated "MMF".

History
The original "Make Money Fast" letter was written around 1988 by a person who used the name Dave Rhodes. Biographical details are not certain, and it is not clear if this was even the person's actual name. The letter encouraged readers of the email to forward one dollar in cash to a list of people provided in the text, and to add their own name and address to the bottom of the list after deleting the name and address at the top. Using the theory behind pyramid schemes, the resulting chain of money flowing back and forth would supposedly deliver a reward of thousands of dollars to the ones participating in the chain, as copies of their chain spread and more and more people sent one dollar to their address.

According to the FAQ of the net.legends Usenet news group, Dave Rhodes was a student at Columbia Union College (now Washington Adventist University), a Seventh-day Adventist college in Maryland, who wrote the letter and uploaded it as a text file to a nearby BBS around 1987. The earliest posting to Usenet was posted by a David Walton in 1989, also using a Columbia Union College account. Walton referred to himself as, "BIZMAN DAVE THE MODEM SLAVE", and referred to "Dave Rhodes" in his post. The true identity of Dave Rhodes has not been found. A supposed self-published web site by Dave Rhodes was found to be fake.

The scam was forwarded over e-mail and Usenet. By 1994 "Make Money Fast" became one of the most persistent spams with multiple variations. The chain letters follow a rigidly predefined format or template with minor variations (such as claiming to be from a retired lawyer or claiming to be selling "reports" in order to attempt to make the scheme appear lawful). They quickly became repetitive, causing them to be bait for widespread satire or parody. One widespread parody begins with the subject of, "GET.ARRESTED.FAST" and the line, "Hi, I'm Dave Rhodes, and I'm in jail". Another parody sent around in academic circles is, "Make Tenure Fast", substituting the sending of money to individuals on a list with listing journal citations.

Legality
The text of the letter originally claimed this practice is "perfectly legal", citing Title 18, Sections 1302 & 1341 of the postal lottery laws. The U.S. Postal Inspection Service cites Title 18, United States Code, Section 1302 when it asserts the illegality of chain letters, including the "Make Money Fast" scheme:

It also asserts that, "Regardless of what technology is used to advance the scheme, if the mail is used at any step along the way, it is still illegal." The U.S. Postal Inspection Service asserts the mathematical impossibility that all participants will be winners, as well as the possibilities that participants may fail to send money to the first person listed, and the perpetrator may have been listed multiple times under different addresses and names, thus ensuring that all the money goes to the same person.

In recent years, one avenue that spammers have used to circumvent the postal laws, is to conduct business by non-postal routes, such as sending an email message and instructing recipients to send money via electronic services such as PayPal. While the specific laws mentioned above will only be violated if regular postal mail is used at some point during the process of communication, the sending of chain letters is often prohibited by the terms of service and/or user agreements of many email providers, and can result in an account being suspended or revoked.

See also
 List of internet phenomena
 List of spammers
 Pyramid scheme
 Spam (electronic)
 No such thing as a free lunch

References

Spamming
Usenet spammers
Pyramid and Ponzi schemes
1980s in Internet culture
1990s in Internet culture

Make Money Fast


The continuum hypothesis is a hypothesis on continuum that there is no set that is both bigger than that of the natural numbers and smaller than that of the real numbers. Georg Cantor stated this hypothesis in 1877.

There are infinitely many natural numbers, the cardinality of the set of natural numbers is infinite. This is also true for the set of real numbers, but there are more real numbers than natural numbers.  We say that the natural numbers have infinite cardinality and the real numbers have infinite cardinality, but the cardinality of the real numbers is greater than the cardinality of the natural numbers.

This hypothesis is the first problem on the list of 23 problems David Hilbert published in 1900. Kurt Gödel showed in 1939, that the hypothesis cannot be falsified using Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. The Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory is the set theory commonly used in mathematics. Paul Cohen showed in the 1960s that the Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory cannot be used to prove the continuum hypothesis, either. For this, Cohen was awarded the Fields Medal.

Set theory

Continuum hypothesis


Brazilian Day is an annual festival which takes place in New York City (NYC) and other cities around the world. It is held near the beginning of September to celebrate Brazil's independence day celebrated today in the Federative Republic of Brazil on September 7, 1822 -  proclaimed by prince regent - heir to the Portuguese  throne Dom Pedro I (1798-1834), from the previous United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (and his father King Joao VI / John VI, 1767–1826), establishing the new Empire of Brazil (1822-1889) in South America. Brazilian Day is always on Sunday before the American Labor Day holiday weekend.

Brazilian Day is part of the official calendar of New York City. The event first ran in 1984, and was on West 46th Street between 5th Avenue and Avenue of the Americas (6th Avenue), which later received the name "Little Brazil". From 2009 on, Brazilian Day also has taken place in the United States (San Francisco), Canada (Montreal, Toronto), Japan (Tokyo), United Kingdom (London) and Angola (Luanda).

Over time, Brazilian Day in New York has grown larger and has moved to nearby broader 6th Avenue, between 42nd and 46th Streets, becoming one of the biggest and most famous Brazilian attractions outside of Brazil itself. Currently, the event takes up over 25 blocks. At the festival, a big crowd attends to see the spectacles and visit the stands in which are sold Brazilian food and products. Baterias de Samba (samba drum and musician groups) play in the street and the people dance. "Rede Globo" television has been broadcasting the NYC Brazilian Day in the last few years, making the festival well known in Brazil.

Brazilian Day NYC was created in 1984, by the founder of the Brazilian American Cultural Center (BACC Travel), João De Matos. The first event was more of a block party centered on West 46th street between 5th Ave and Avenue of the Americas. Today, this same area is known as Little Brazil, Manhattan because Mayor Rudy Giuliani had this area so proclaimed. In 1984 the festival only showcased arts and crafts from Brazil, as well as Brazilian cuisine, but today it introduces New Yorkers and other visitors to the culture of Brazil.

Brazilian Day has become a mega event, with over one million people from across the US, Brazil and other countries across the globe celebrating. For the music attractions, which feature some of the most famous bands and singers from Brazil, people line up the night before to make sure they will get a good view of the huge stage set in the middle of 6th Avenue. Keeping with tradition, there are various stands with arts and crafts from Brazil and typical foods.

Brazilian Day has already brought many acclaimed Brazilian artists, such as Blitz, Kid Abelha, Jorge Ben Jor, Carlinhos Brown, Claudia Leitte, Skank, Jota Quest, Alcione Nazareth, Ivete Sangalo, Elba Ramalho, Marcelo D2, Sandy e Júnior, Daniela Mercury, Lulu Santos, Zeca Pagodinho, Banda Calypso and many other artists. Brazilian Day has also brought new successful artists of Brazilian music, such as Luan Santana, Gusttavo Lima, and Jorge & Mateus.

Notes

External links
Official Website
The Last Samba of Summer
http://braziliandayphiladelphia.com/

1984 establishments in New York City
Brazilian-American culture in New York (state)
Brazilian-American history
Cultural festivals in the United States
Festivals in New York City
Hispanic and Latino American culture in New York City
Latin American festivals
Parades in New York City
September observances
Moveable holidays (US Labor Day date based)

Brazilian Day


San Diego National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in California.  It is part of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge Complex.

A variety of habitats from coastal sage scrub and chaparral to oak woodland and freshwater marsh describe this inland refuge in San Diego's backcountry.

The Living Coast Discovery Center is located in the Sweetwater Marsh Unit adjacent to the administrative headquarters for the US Fish & Wildlife Service. The Center features exhibits of marine life, birds and plants found the San Diego Bay, and partners with the Refuge to offer environmental education programs. There are 1.5 miles of trails with access to the Bay.

The Otay-Sweetwater Unit of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge is part of the National Wildlife Refuge System's contribution to the Multiple Species Conservation Plan, a program designed to conserve enough open space and habitat for species survival while enabling orderly development to occur where necessary. It is closed to the public.

San Diego National Wildlife Refuge's abundance of coastal sage and chaparral are an important addition to other inland preserves established to conserve and restore fast diminishing habitat. This inland refuge is home to such endangered birds as least Bell's vireo, California gnatcatcher, a rare butterfly, the Quino checkerspot and to the San Diego horned lizard. Biological surveys for other species are ongoing as new land is acquired. The approved refuge boundary for the San Diego Refuge is , and  for the Vernal Pools Unit.

References
Refuge website

National Wildlife Refuges in California
Protected areas of San Diego County, California
Wetlands of California
Landforms of San Diego County, California

San Diego National Wildlife Refuge


The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, also known as the 1951 Refugee Convention or the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951 is a United Nations multilateral treaty that defines who a refugee is and sets out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum and the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum. The Convention also sets out which people do not qualify as refugees, such as war criminals. The Convention also provides for some visa-free travel for holders of refugee travel documents issued under the convention.

This convention was enshrined in Article 78 of the European Union treaty.

The Refugee Convention builds on Article 14 of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which recognizes the right of persons to seek asylum from persecution in other countries. A refugee may enjoy rights and benefits in a state in addition to those provided for in the Convention.

The rights created by the Convention generally still stand today. Some have argued that the complex nature of 21st century refugee relationships calls for a new treaty that recognizes the evolving nature of the nation-state, economic migrants, population displacement, environmental migrants, and modern warfare. Nevertheless, ideas like the principle of non-refoulement (non-returning of refugees to dangerous countries) (Article 33) are still applied today, with the 1951 Convention being the source of such rights.

In September 2023, UK Home Secretary Suella Braverman called into question the suitability of the Convention. Her view is that the Convention, which was drawn up in 1951, is no longer 'fit for purpose in the modern age'.

History
Prior to the 1951 document, there was agreed a Convention relating to the International Status of Refugees, of 28 October 1933, which dealt with administrative measures such as the issuance of Nansen certificates, refoulement, legal questions, labour conditions, industrial accidents, welfare and relief, education, fiscal regime and exemption from reciprocity, and provided for the creation of committees for refugees.

The Convention was approved at a special United Nations conference on 28 July 1951, and entered into force on 22 April 1954. It was initially limited to protecting European refugees from before 1 January 1951 (after World War II), but states could make a declaration that the provisions would apply to refugees from other places.

The 1967 Protocol removed the time limits and applied to refugees "without any geographic limitation" but declarations previously made by parties to the Convention on geographic scope were grandfathered.

Parties
As of 20 January 2020, there were 146 parties to the Convention, and 147 to the Protocol.  Madagascar and Saint Kitts and Nevis are parties only to the Convention, while Cape Verde, the United States of America and Venezuela are parties only to the Protocol. Since the US ratified the Protocol in 1968, it undertook a majority of the obligations spelled out in the original 1951 document (Articles 2-34), and Article 1 as amended in the Protocol, as "supreme Law of the Land".

Definition of refugee
Article 1 of the Convention defines a refugee as:

With the passage of time and the emergence of new refugee situations, the need was increasingly felt to make the provisions of the 1951 Convention applicable to such new refugees. As a result, a Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees was prepared, and entered into force on 4 October 1967. The UNHCR is called upon to provide international protection to refugees falling within its competence. The Protocol defined refugee to mean any person within the 1951 Convention definition as if the words "As a result of events occurring before 1 January 1951 and ..." were omitted.

Several groups have built upon the 1951 Convention to create a more objective definition. While their terms differ from those of the 1951 Convention, the Convention has significantly shaped the new, more objective definitions. They include the 1969 Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa by the Organisation of African Unity (since 2002 African Union) and the 1984 Cartagena Declaration, while nonbinding, also sets out regional standards for refugees in South and Central Americas, Mexico and the Caribbean.

Scholars have started to consider this definition unsuitable for contemporary society, where for example environmental refugees are not captured in the definition.

Rights and responsibilities of parties
In the general principle of international law, treaties in force are binding upon the parties to it and must be performed in good faith. Countries that have ratified the Refugee Convention are obliged to protect refugees that are on their territory in accordance with its terms. There are a number of provisions to which parties to the Refugee Convention must adhere.

Refugees shall
 abide by the national laws of the contracting states (Article 2)

The contracting states shall
 exempt refugees from reciprocity (Article 7): That means that the granting of a right to a refugee should not be subject to the granting of similar treatment by the refugee's country of nationality, because refugees do not enjoy the protection of their home state.
 be able to take provisional measures against a refugee if needed in the interest of essential national security (Article 9)
 respect a refugee's personal status and the rights that come with it, particularly rights related to marriage (Article 12)
 provide free access to courts for refugees (Article 16)
 provide administrative assistance for refugees (Article 25)
 provide identity papers for refugees (Article 27)
 provide travel documents for refugees (Article 28)
 allow refugees to transfer their assets (Article 30)
 provide the possibility of assimilation and naturalization to refugees (Article 34)
 cooperate with the UNHCR (Article 35) in the exercise of its functions and help the UNHCR to supervise the implementation of the provisions in the Convention.
 provide information on any national legislation they may adopt to ensure the application of the Convention (Article 36).
 settle disputes they may have with other contracting states at the International Court of Justice if not otherwise possible (Article 38)

The contracting states shall not
 discriminate against refugees (Article 3)
 take exceptional measures against a refugee solely on account of his or her nationality (Article 8)
 expect refugees to pay taxes and fiscal charges that are different from those of nationals (Article 29)
 impose penalties on refugees who entered illegally in search of asylum if they present themselves without delay (Article 31), which is commonly interpreted to mean that their unlawful entry and presence ought not to be prosecuted at all
 expel refugees (Article 32)
 forcibly return or "refoul" refugees to the country they have fled from (Article 33). It is widely accepted that the prohibition of forcible return is part of customary international law. This means that even states that are not party to the 1951 Refugee Convention must respect the principle of non-refoulement. Therefore, states are obligated under the Convention and under customary international law to respect the principle of non-refoulement. If this principle is threatened, UNHCR can respond by intervening with relevant authorities and, if it deems necessary, will inform the public.

Refugees shall be treated at least like nationals in relation to
 freedom to practice their religion (Article 4)
 the respect and protection of artistic rights and industrial property (Article 14)
 rationing (Article 20)
 elementary education (Article 22)
 public relief and assistance (Article 23)
 labour legislation and social security (Article 24)

Refugees shall be treated at least like other non-nationals in relation to
 movable and immovable property (Article 13)
 the right of association in unions or other associations (Article  15)
 wage-earning employment (Article 17)
 self-employment (Article 18)
 practice of the liberal professions (Article 19)
 housing (Article 21)
 education higher than elementary  (Article 22)
 the right to free movement and free choice of residence within the country (Article 26)

Noncompliance

There is no body that monitors compliance. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has supervisory responsibilities but cannot enforce the Convention, and there is no formal mechanism for individuals to file complaints. The Convention specifies that complaints should be referred to the International Court of Justice. It appears that no nation has ever done this.

An individual may lodge a complaint with the UN Human Rights Committee under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights or with the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, but no one has ever done so in regard to violations of the Convention. Nations may levy international sanctions against violators, but no nation has ever done so.

At present, the only real consequences of violation are 1) public shaming in the press, and 2) verbal condemnation of the violator by the UN and by other nations. To date, those have not proven to be significant deterrents.

See also
Asylum seeker
Asylum shopping
Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons
Impediment to expulsion
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)
Refugee employment
Refugee law
Right of asylum
Statelessness
Travel document
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 14)
United Nations Commission on Human Rights
World Refugee Day
XXB Refugee, as per the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees

References

 (HCR/1P/4/ENG/REV. 3)

External links

 Full text of the Convention (UNHCR)
 Introductory note by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, procedural history note and audiovisual material on the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees in the Historic Archives of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law
 Lectures by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill entitled International Migration Law  – A General Introduction and Forced Migration – The Evolution of International Refugee Law and Organization in the Lecture Series of the United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law

Convention
Human rights instruments
United Nations treaties
Treaties concluded in 1951
Treaties entered into force in 1954
Treaties of Afghanistan
Treaties of Albania
Treaties of Algeria
Treaties of the People's Republic of Angola
Treaties of Antigua and Barbuda
Treaties of Argentina
Treaties of Armenia
Treaties of Australia
Treaties of Austria
Treaties of Azerbaijan
Treaties of the Bahamas
Treaties of Belarus
Treaties of Belgium
Treaties of Belize
Treaties of the Republic of Dahomey
Treaties of Bolivia
Treaties of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Treaties of Botswana
Treaties of the Second Brazilian Republic
Treaties of Bulgaria
Treaties of Burkina Faso
Treaties of Burundi
Treaties of the State of Cambodia
Treaties of Cameroon
Treaties of Canada
Treaties of the Central African Republic
Treaties of Chad
Treaties of Chile
Treaties of the People's Republic of China
Treaties of Colombia
Treaties of the Republic of the Congo
Treaties of Costa Rica
Treaties of Ivory Coast
Treaties of Croatia
Treaties of Cyprus
Treaties of Czechoslovakia
Treaties of the Czech Republic
Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1964–1971)
Treaties of Denmark
Treaties of Djibouti
Treaties of Dominica
Treaties of the Dominican Republic
Treaties of Ecuador
Treaties of Egypt
Treaties of El Salvador
Treaties of Equatorial Guinea
Treaties of Estonia
Treaties of the Ethiopian Empire
Treaties of Fiji
Treaties of Finland
Treaties of the French Fourth Republic
Treaties of Gabon
Treaties of the Gambia
Treaties of Georgia (country)
Treaties of West Germany
Treaties of East Germany
Treaties of Ghana
Treaties of the Kingdom of Greece
Treaties of Guatemala
Treaties of Guinea
Treaties of Guinea-Bissau
Treaties of Haiti
Treaties of the Holy See
Treaties of Honduras
Treaties of the Hungarian People's Republic
Treaties of Iceland
Treaties of Pahlavi Iran
Treaties of Ireland
Treaties of Israel
Treaties of Italy
Treaties of Jamaica
Treaties of Japan
Treaties of Kazakhstan
Treaties of Kenya
Treaties of Kyrgyzstan
Treaties of Latvia
Treaties of Lesotho
Treaties of Liberia
Treaties of Liechtenstein
Treaties of Lithuania
Treaties of Luxembourg
Treaties of Madagascar
Treaties of Malawi
Treaties of Mali
Treaties of Malta
Treaties of Mauritania
Treaties of Mexico
Treaties of Monaco
Treaties of Montenegro
Treaties of Morocco
Treaties of the People's Republic of Mozambique
Treaties of Namibia
Treaties of Nauru
Treaties of the Netherlands
Treaties of New Zealand
Treaties of Nicaragua
Treaties of Niger
Treaties of Nigeria
Treaties of Norway
Treaties of Panama
Treaties of Papua New Guinea
Treaties of Paraguay
Treaties of Peru
Treaties of the Philippines
Treaties of Poland
Treaties of the Estado Novo (Portugal)
Treaties of South Korea
Treaties of Moldova
Treaties of Romania
Treaties of Russia
Treaties of Rwanda
Treaties of Samoa
Treaties of São Tomé and Príncipe
Treaties of Senegal
Treaties of Serbia and Montenegro
Treaties of Yugoslavia
Treaties of Seychelles
Treaties of Sierra Leone
Treaties of Slovakia
Treaties of Slovenia
Treaties of the Solomon Islands
Treaties of the Somali Democratic Republic
Treaties of South Africa
Treaties of Spain
Treaties of Saint Kitts and Nevis
Treaties of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Treaties of the Democratic Republic of the Sudan
Treaties of Suriname
Treaties of Eswatini
Treaties of Sweden
Treaties of Switzerland
Treaties of Tajikistan
Treaties of North Macedonia
Treaties of East Timor
Treaties of Togo
Treaties of Trinidad and Tobago
Treaties of Tunisia
Treaties of Turkey
Treaties of Turkmenistan
Treaties of Tuvalu
Treaties of Uganda
Treaties of Ukraine
Treaties of the United Kingdom
Treaties of Tanzania
Treaties of Uruguay
Treaties of the Yemen Arab Republic
Treaties of Zambia
Treaties of Zimbabwe
1951 in Switzerland
Treaties extended to Greenland
Treaties extended to the Falkland Islands
Treaties extended to Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
Treaties extended to Montserrat
Treaties extended to Norfolk Island
Treaties extended to Guernsey
Treaties extended to Jersey
Treaties extended to the Isle of Man
Treaties extended to the Faroe Islands
Treaties extended to the Nauru Trust Territory
Treaties extended to the Territory of Papua and New Guinea
Treaties extended to Surinam (Dutch colony)
Treaties extended to the British Solomon Islands
Treaties extended to British Cyprus
Treaties extended to British Dominica
Treaties extended to the Colony of Fiji
Treaties extended to the Gambia Colony and Protectorate
Treaties extended to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands
Treaties extended to British Kenya
Treaties extended to British Mauritius
Treaties extended to the Crown Colony of Seychelles
Treaties extended to British Somaliland
Treaties extended to the Sultanate of Zanzibar
Treaties extended to British Honduras
Treaties extended to the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland
Treaties extended to Basutoland
Treaties extended to the Bechuanaland Protectorate
Treaties extended to Swaziland (protectorate)
Treaties extended to the British Windward Islands
Treaties extended to the British Leeward Islands
Treaties extended to the Colony of Jamaica
Treaties extended to the Colony of the Bahamas
Treaties extended to Portuguese Macau
Treaties extended to French Algeria
Treaties extended to Clipperton Island
Treaties extended to French Comoros
Treaties extended to French Somaliland
Treaties extended to the French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Treaties extended to French Guiana
Treaties extended to French Polynesia
Treaties extended to Guadeloupe
Treaties extended to Martinique
Treaties extended to Mayotte
Treaties extended to New Caledonia
Treaties extended to Réunion
Treaties extended to Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Treaties extended to Wallis and Futuna
Treaties extended to Southern Rhodesia
Treaties extended to West Berlin
Right of asylum


Sir George Hayes (19 June 1805 – 24 November 1869) was an English judge, a justice of the Queen's Bench.

Biography
Hayes, second son of Sheedy Hayes, a West Indian proprietor, by Catherine, daughter of John Westgate, was born in Judd Place, Somers Town, London, and educated at Highgate School and at St. Edmund's Roman Catholic college, near Ware. At an early age he renounced the Roman Catholic religion, and became a member of the Church of England.

He was articled to William Francis Patterson, a solicitor at Leamington, and after completing his articles, in November 1824 entered the Middle Temple as a student, and in due course commenced practice as a special pleader. On 29 January 1830 he was called to the bar, joined the midland circuit, and regularly attended the Warwickshire sessions, soon rising into extensive practice as a junior both at sessions and on the circuit. In sessions' appeal cases, a very lucrative part of practice, he was peculiarly successful and very largely employed. In 1856, he was made serjeant-at-law, and on 22 February 1861 obtained a patent of precedence to rank next after Archibald John Stephens, Q.C. In the following December he was appointed Recorder of Leicester, and, on the promotion to the bench of Mr. Justice Mellor, Hayes henceforth divided the lead of the midland circuit with Kenneth Macaulay, Q.C. For cases before a common jury Hayes was not well adapted, as his reasoning was too subtle and his wit too refined. Before special juries he was much more successful; every word and gesture usually had their effect, and in the famous Matlock will case, where he was the leader, the decision was greatly due to his extensive knowledge of the law and his masterly dissection of the evidence. His knowledge of the English classics was extensive and accurate, and he was well read in Latin, Greek, French, and Italian.

On 9 August 1868, under an act passed for the appointment of additional judges, he was named a justice of the court of queen's bench, sworn in on 24 August, and knighted by the queen at Windsor Castle on 9 December. On 19 November 1869, after sitting all day in the bail court at Westminster, he was seized with paralysis, and being removed to the Westminster Palace Hotel, died there on 24 November. He married, on 3 September 1839, Sophia Anne, eldest daughter of John Hall (or Hill), M.D., of Leicester, by whom he left four sons and four daughters.

He was the author in 1854 of an elegy in which he humorously lamented the extinction of John Doe and Richard Roe from the pleadings in ejectment. A Temple Elegy (a parody on Gray's Elegy) was edited and illustrated by H. B. i.e. Hans Busk the younger and published c. 1870. His song on the celebrated case of the 'Dog and the Cock' was set to music, and occasionally sung by himself.

Arms

References

Attribution

1805 births
1869 deaths
People from Somers Town, London
People educated at Highgate School
Members of the Middle Temple
Justices of the King's Bench
Serjeants-at-law (England)
Queen's Bench Division judges
Knights Bachelor
19th-century English judges
Lawyers from London

George Hayes (judge)


Jocelyn Robichaud  (born 8 April 1978 in Joliette, Quebec) is a former tour professional tennis player. Robichaud captured three junior Grand Slam titles and played Davis Cup for Canada. More of a doubles specialist, he won three Challenger events in doubles and reached a career-high ATP doubles ranking of World No. 119.

Junior tennis

Robichaud won his first of three Grand Slams in doubles partnering Jong-min Lee, as the tandem defeated the Dutch duo of Raemon Sluiter and Peter Wessels in the final of the 1995 U.S. Open, 7–6, 6–2.  After winning the Victorian Junior Championships and Australian Hardcourt Junior Championship, Robichaud and partner Daniele Bracciali captured the 1996 Australian Open junior title, defeating Bob and Mike Bryan in the final, 3–6, 6–3, 6–3.  Robichaud partnered Martin Verkerk at the next major and the pair reached the semi-finals of the 1996 French Open.  He rejoined Bracciali to win his third junior slam as the duo captured the 1996 Wimbledon Championship by dispensing of the South African pair of Damien Roberts and Wesley Whitehouse in the final, 6–3, 7–6.  Bracciali and Robichaud nearly made it a third Grand Slam title together but fell in the final of the 1996 U.S. Open to the Bryan twins, 7–5, 3–6, 4–6.  Robichaud reached an ITF junior doubles ranking of World No. 1, in December, 1995.

In singles, Robichaud's best results were reaching the third round of the 1995 Australian Open, the quarter-finals of the junior 1995 Italian Open, and the third round of the 1996 Wimbledon Championship.  His career-high ITF Junior singles ranking was World No. 11, which he reached in December, 1995.

Senior tennis

Rochichaud captured the Aptos Challenger twice in succession – in 1996 and 1997 – both times partnering fellow Québécois Sébastien Leblanc. His third Challenger title was winning the 1999 drkoop.com USTA Challenger of Miami, partnering Miles Wakefield. In addition, Robichaud captured an additional 5 ITF Futures tennis event titles. His career (main draw) match win–loss doubles record at Challenger level was 43 and 33, while at ATP Tour and Grand Slam level it was 6 wins, 15 losses.  His best top-flight result were reaching the quarter-finals of the 1997 Canadian Open, partnering Tommy Haas. In fact, all 6 of his ATP Tour match wins occurred at his home country's major tournament. Rochibaud appeared in the main draw of a Grand Slam event twice as a senior, both times in doubles, at the 2000 French Open, partnering Jack Waite, and Wimbledon, with Michael Sell. He and Waite lost in straight sets while he and Sell lost 8–10 in the fifth set to Marc-Kevin Goellner and Jan Siemerink.

As for singles, the highlights of Rochibaud's time on tour were winning his first senior-level match, at age 18, to World No. 627 Sergio Gómez-Barrio 6–3, 6–4 while taking Quebec tennis star and World No. 160 Sébastien Lareau in his second match to a second set tie-break, at the 1994 Montebello Challenger; reaching the final of Canada F1 in June, 1998 followed by the semi-final of Canada F2 the following week; reaching the final of Greece F2 in May, 2001; and reaching the semi-final of Canada F3, in June, 2001.  The sole ATP Tour event he competed in over the years, in a main draw, was the Canadian Open, in which he made 3 appearances, going 0 and 3.  In Challengers, he had 1 match win (the one over Gómez-Barrio) and 7 defeats, including going 0–5 at the Granby Challenger, while in Futures events he had a winning record of 39 and 33.  His career-high singles ATP ranking was World No. 384, which he reached in October, 1997.

Davis Cup

Robichaud appeared in rubbers in 4 Canadian Davis Cup ties, all of which Canada lost.  He got his first match action winning a dead singles rubber in a tie lost away to Ecuador, 2–3, in April 1998 American Group I semifinal action.  He defeated a young Giovanni Lapentti 6–3, 7–6(2).  In February 1999, in the quarter-finals of American Group I, Robichaud won his second Davis Cup match, teaming with star Canadian doubles player Daniel Nestor to defeat the Colombian duo of Mauricio Hadad and Miguel Tobón 7–6(5), 6–7(4), 6–7(3), 6–0, 6–4.  Canada lost this away tie too, 2–3.

The following year, Canada again faced a South American opponent away in the zonal group I quarter-finals and lost, this time to Chile, 1–4.  Robichaud again played the doubles tie, this time partnering Sébastien Lareau – they lost to Fernando González and Nicolás Massú, 4–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6.  Then his fourth and final Davis Cup rubber was a doubles loss with Fred Niemeyer, to the Argentine Davis Cup team of Agustín Calleri and Mariano Puerta, 6–7(5), 3–6, 4–6, in a 2001 American Group I semifinal match-up.

Post-playing career
In 2008, Robichaud captained Canada's youth Davis Cup team, and was a youth coach for Tennis Canada at its national training centre at Uniprix Stadium.

Junior Grand Slam finals

Doubles: 4 (3 titles, 1 runner-up)

ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals

Singles: 2 (0–2)

Doubles: 14 (8–6)

References

Sources
ITF Junior profile page
ITF Junior activity page (adjust filter to between 1993 and 1997)

1978 births
Living people
Australian Open (tennis) junior champions
Canadian male tennis players
French Quebecers
People from Joliette
Sportspeople from Lanaudière
Racket sportspeople from Quebec
US Open (tennis) junior champions
Wimbledon junior champions
Grand Slam (tennis) champions in boys' doubles

Jocelyn Robichaud


Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) is a kind of the UNIX operating system that is distributed for free since 1989.  It was started by people in Berkeley, California, USA in the year 1977. Now, people from around the world work on it.

There are many different kinds of BSD that many people have worked on. Some of them are DragonFly BSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Mac OS X.

The system software for PlayStation 3 is made from BSD. So is the system software for PlayStation 4.

Other websites
DragonFly BSD homepage
FreeBSD homepage
NetBSD homepage
OpenBSD homepage

Berkeley Software Distribution


Biofuel is fuel from recently lifeless or living biological material. It is different to fossil fuels from long dead biological material. Biofuel can be in forms of solid, liquid or gas.

Biofuels are usually used to power cars, heat homes and for cooking. Biofuel companies are mainly from Europe, Asia and the Americas.  Technologies developed at the Los Alamos National Lab even allows pollution to be converted into renewable biofuel. Agrofuels are biofuels that are produced from specific plants, rather than from waste processes such as landfill or recycled material.

There are two common ways to convert plants into gas and liquid fuels.  One is to grow crops that are high in sugar (e.g. Sugar cane) or starch (e.g. corn), and then use yeast to ferment ethyl alcohol (ethanol).  The second is to grow plants that contain high amounts of vegetable oil, such as palm oil, soybean and algae.  When these oils are heated, their viscosity is reduced, and they can be burned directly in a diesel engine, or chemically processed to produce fuels such as biodiesel. For thousands of years, Wood and its by-products have been converted into biofuels such as charcoal, wood gas, methanol or ethanol fuel. It is also possible to make cellulosic ethanol from non-edible plant parts, but this can be expensive.

Solid biomass is also used. Firewood has been used for thousands of years.  Many materials such as wood and grasses can be dried and pelletised and burnt, and this can be used to produce power.

References

Other websites
 Biofuel -Citizendium

Biofuel


In cryptography, a one-way function is a function that is very simple to compute (figure out) in one direction. There is a series of instructions that can be simply and easily applied to an input to give a complicated output. However the reverse of going from the output to the input is made to be as difficult as possible.

Cryptography

One-way function


Resident Evil is a survival horror media franchise which has had of video games, movies, comics, novels, and collectibles owned by Capcom. It's one of their most successful franchises ever, along with Mega Man and Street Fighter.

Video games

Resident Evil started as a video game series back on the PlayStation with Resident Evil. It had many sequels and appeared on many systems, including the Sega Saturn, Dreamcast, PlayStation 2, GameCube, Wii, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. The Resident Evil video games have done very well, with most of them selling more than 1 million copies worldwide. The series had five more sequels - Resident Evil 2, Resident Evil 3: Nemesis, Resident Evil CODE: Veronica, Resident Evil 0, and Resident Evil 4. Resident Evil 4 did very well, and was considered one of the best games of the year in 2005 on the Nintendo GameCube, and in 2006 on the PlayStation 2. Capcom's making a sequel called Resident Evil 5. It's also had a lot of remakes and spin-offs. The most well-known remake was Resident Evil, a remake of the first Resident Evil, which has also been remade on other consoles including the Nintendo DS. The spin-offs include first person shooters and online games.

Movies

There have been six movies made - Resident Evil, Resident Evil: Apocalypse, Resident Evil: Extinction, Resident Evil: Afterlife, Resident Evil: Retribution and Resident Evil: The Final Chapter which all star Milla Jovovich as a character not in the video games and are live action.

A movie to be shot in CGI, it is not a continuance of the first three live action movies. Instead Resident Evil: DeGeneration is its own story which follows the video game storylines. The movie takes place 7 years after Raccoon City is destroyed, the main characters in the movie are Claire Redfield and Leon S. Kennedy - the two main characters from the Resident Evil 2 video game.

Resident Evil


An authorization to transport (ATT) is a permit issued under the Canadian Firearms Program allowing transportation of restricted and prohibited firearms in Canada. An ATT may be issued to a firearms licensee, or to a non-resident of Canada not possessing a firearms licence. Section 19 of the Firearms Act (FA) details the various reasons for transportation which may be approved by the chief provincial firearms officer (CFO).

While not a specific requirement under the FA, ATTs issued for regular trips for up to five years are usually reserved for people who belong to an approved shooting range. Under the FA, section 67, a CFO considering a licence renewal must confirm whether a restricted firearm or prohibited handgun is being used by the licence holder for the legitimate reasons found in FA section 28. To prove one has a licence to permit target shooting, regular trips to the gun range or club must be made, and repeated one-time ATTs would be a waste of resources. In contrast, a gun collector under FA section 30 might transport firearms occasionally, thus a one-time ATT would make sense.

In theory, a CFO should issue an ATT to any authorized person who provides one of the listed reasons, as long as the CFO is satisfied that the transport "will not endanger public safety". A CFO can impose a variety of conditions on an ATT, under section 58(1) of the FA. Exercise of this discretion has led to proposed litigation against the CFO in Ontario.

In order to transport a restricted or prohibited firearm it must be unloaded. It also must have a functional trigger lock and be kept in a locked opaque case. Ammunition may be carried with the firearm or separately stored, provided it is not loaded in the gun (i.e., magazines may contain ammo, but may not be loaded in the firearm).

Restricted firearms include, but are not limited to, handguns.  All handguns are, at a minimum, restricted in Canada. Some handguns are also antique and do not require a licence. Many handguns (common in the United States) are prohibited firearms in Canada, as their barrel length is 105 mm or less, or they are a prohibited calibre (.25 and .32).

Bill C-42 amended the FA, which caused ATTs to become a condition of a licence. "Authorizations to Transport become a condition of a licence for certain routine and lawful activities such as target shooting; taking a firearm home after a transfer; going to a gunsmith, gun show, a Canadian port of exit; or a peace officer or a Chief Firearms Officer (CFO) for verification, registration or disposal". Effective September 2, 2015, these changes to the FA came into force meaning an ATT became a condition of a licence for the foregoing routine and lawful activities. In other words, an ATT is automatically included into any valid possession and acquisition licence.

See also
 Authorization to carry

References

External links
 RCMP Information Sheet: Application for an Authorization to Transport Restricted Firearms and Prohibited Firearms

Canadian firearms law

Authorization to transport


Hex, or Hex Media, were a London-based multimedia group founded in the early 1990s by artist Robert Pepperell, coder Miles Visman and the DJ duo Coldcut. The group set out to exploit the creative potential of, what was then, the new media technologies of CD-ROM, multimedia, interactive computing, video sampling and portable video projection.

Working across a wide range of media - from computer games to art exhibitions - the group pioneered many new media hybrids, including live audiovisual jamming, computer-generated audio performances, and interactive collaborative instruments.

Their work was published on a series of interactive CD-ROMs, and exhibited widely - including at the JAM exhibition in London's Barbican Gallery in 1996 – and through the 'in-house' music label, Ninja Tune.

The group dispersed in the late 1990s, with later members Stuart Warren Hill and Robin Brunson going on to form the VJ outfit Hexstatic.

Partial list of output
Top Banana
Total Chaos

External links
Hex Archive

British multimedia artists
Ninja Tune artists

Hex (VJ group)


William Joyce Sewell (December 6, 1835 – December 27, 1901) was an American Republican Party politician, merchant, and military officer who served as a U.S. Senator from New Jersey for two non-consecutive terms from 1881 to 1887 and 1895 until his death in 1901.

Sewell was born in Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland.  He immigrated to the United States in 1851 where he worked in the merchant industry in Chicago, Illinois, before moving to Camden, New Jersey, in 1860. He served as an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, receiving the Medal of Honor for his actions at the Battle of Chancellorsville. He was also a postbellum state senator and U.S. Senator. The community of Sewell, New Jersey, is named for him.

Personal details
He was married with four children, two daughters and two sons. He immigrated from Ireland when he was a young boy.

Civil War
Sewell began his Civil War service as a captain with the 5th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry on August 28, 1861. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel on July 7, 1862 and colonel on January 6, 1863.  Sewell commanded a brigade at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, where he was wounded.  He was awarded the Medal of Honor in 1896 for his actions.  Sewell was the only officer to be awarded the Medal of Honor while in command of a New Jersey regiment.

Sewell was severely wounded again at the Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, while commanding his unit along Emmitsburg Road on the second day of the battle, July 2, 1863.  His wounds forced him from the field for a significant period.  He resigned on July 6, 1863 and returned on October 1, 1864.  On his return he was given command of the 38th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry, but his wounds eventually caused him to end his Civil War field service.  He was reassigned as commander of Fort Powhatan in the Department of Virginia from January to April 1865. Sewell was mustered out of the volunteers on June 30, 1865.

In recognition of Sewell's service, on January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Sewell for appointment to the brevet grade of brigadier general, United States Volunteers for "gallant and meritorious services at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Va.," to rank from March 13, 1865, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment on March 12, 1866. On July 18, 1868, President Andrew Johnson nominated Sewell for appointment to the brevet grade of major general of volunteers for "gallant and meritorious services during the war," to rank from March 13, 1865 and the U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment on July 23, 1868.

Politics
After the war, Sewell worked in the railroad industry in New Jersey before being elected to the state senate, serving from 1872 until 1881, and as the senate's president in 1876 from 1879 to 1880. Subsequently, he was elected to the United States Senate as a Republican and served from March 4, 1881, to March 3, 1887.  During this period he chaired
the Committee on Enrolled Bills (Forty-seventh Congress and Forty-eighth Congress),
the Committee on Military Affairs (Forty-ninth Congress), and
the Committee on the Library (Forty-ninth Congress).

He held the post as chairman of the New Jersey delegation at the Republican National Convention five times. He also was President of the West Jersey & Seashore Rail road Company, a post he held until his death.

Sewell served as one of the national commissioners for New Jersey to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, commanded the Second Brigade of the National Guard of New Jersey, and was appointed a member of the Board of Managers of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1887, 1889 and 1893 but was again elected to the United States Senate in 1895, serving from 1895 until 1901.  During this term he chaired the Committee on Enrolled Bills (Fifty-fourth Congress through Fifty-seventh Congress).

Death
Sewell died of complications from heart disease and diabetes at 9:40am on December 27, 1901, at age 66, in his home at Camden, New Jersey. His vacant Senate seat was filled by Prudential Insurance founder John F. Dryden. Sewell received full Military Honors at the funeral by both State National Guard and Federal Military. During the funeral, official state business was suspended in Camden as a token of respect for his service. He was buried in Harleigh Cemetery, in Camden, New Jersey, in the Spring Grove Section, Lot 75. His grave is marked by a cross designed by sculptor Alexander Stirling Calder.

Legacy
In 2005 a government issue Medal of Honor marker was erected on his grave site.  He is one of three Civil War Union Brevet Generals interred in Harleigh, the others being Colonel George C. Burling of the 6th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry and Colonel Timothy C. Moore of the 34th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry.

Medal of Honor citation

Rank and Organization:
Colonel, 5th New Jersey Infantry. Place and Date: At Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. Entered Service At: Camden, N.J. Born: December 6, 1835, Castlebar, Ireland. Date of Issue: March 25, 1896.

Citation:
Assuming command of a brigade, he rallied around his colors a mass of men from other regiments and fought these troops with great brilliancy through several hours of desperate conflict, remaining in command though wounded and inspiring them by his presence and the gallantry of his personal example.

See also

List of Medal of Honor recipients
List of American Civil War Medal of Honor recipients: Q–S
List of United States senators born outside the United States
List of United States Congress members who died in office (1900–49)

Notes

References

Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J., Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, .

External links

 Memorial addresses on the life and character of William J. Sewell, late a representative from New Jersey delivered in the House of Representatives and Senate frontispiece 1903

1835 births
1901 deaths
19th-century American politicians
19th-century Irish people
American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor
Burials at Harleigh Cemetery, Camden
Irish emigrants to the United States
Irish soldiers in the United States Army
Irish-born Medal of Honor recipients
People from Castlebar
People of New Jersey in the American Civil War
Politicians from Camden, New Jersey
Politicians from County Mayo
Presidents of the New Jersey Senate
Republican Party New Jersey state senators
Republican Party United States senators from New Jersey
Union Army colonels
United States Army Medal of Honor recipients
Military personnel from County Mayo

William J. Sewell


Scooby-Doo Mystery is the name of two video games released by Acclaim Entertainment and Sunsoft in 1995 based on the Scooby-Doo animated series. One of the games was released for the Sega Genesis and features a more traditional adventure game-style interface. The other title, released for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, is an adventure game with platforming elements. Both were released only in North America. In both games, players take control of Shaggy Rogers and Scooby-Doo, who help solve various mysteries with other members of Mystery Incorporated who serve minor roles during gameplay.

Sega Genesis version
This version is a more traditional graphic adventure game divided into two scenarios: "Blake's Hotel" and "Ha-Ha Carnival". The player controls Norville "Shaggy" Rogers, who is followed around by Scooby, while Fred, Daphne, and Velma make brief appearances, often at the beginning and end of a mystery. The object of the game is to solve puzzles to progress, uncover the mystery and catch the monster/criminal to win the scenario. The player has ten different commands located at the bottom of the screen to control Shaggy and solve puzzles. The action menu can be switched to the inventory menu to interact with the items and put them to use. Most of the puzzles require logic to solve, while others require a specific action to solve.

In the first scenario, the gang goes to Daphne's Uncle Blake's hotel where a ghost of a Native American Chieftain has been scaring away clients and staff, with only the gardener and the cook remaining. While the gang goes to investigate, Shaggy and Scooby go inside the hotel only to find Blake has been kidnapped. Eventually Shaggy and Scooby come across a gold mine under the hotel and the heart of the mystery is revealed to be an ancient medallion the ghost is looking for.

In the second scenario, the gang goes to the Ha-Ha Carnival which happens to be closed. An evil clown has sabotaged the services and imprisoned the carnival manager somewhere in the funhouse. as Shaggy and Scooby are imaged helping the manager as they would rescue the others stranded in a lake. After trying out the rollercoaster, Shaggy and Scooby find out that the clown has a prime interest in getting employment in the carnival but was immediately rejected by the manager who proceeded to capture him.

SNES version

Gameplay
The player controls Shaggy Rogers, who is followed by Scooby-Doo. Each of the game's four levels starts with a cutscene of the Mystery Machine driving along with the characters setting up the next mystery. The object of the game is to find clues to solve each of the four mysteries in the game. These clues can be obtained by finding them in the open, completing a specific task, or having Scooby "sniff out" hidden clues in each area. These clues give the players Mystery points and more points can be earned in the bonus levels. If the player accumulates 10,000 points, they will receive an extra life.

In addition, the player must avoid hazards such as small creatures, falls from high areas, or the main monster of each level. Each of these will add to the player's "Fright Meter" which, if full, will result in the player losing a life. At the beginning of each level, only a small portion of the level will be accessible, but as more clues are found, more areas can be explored.

Shaggy and Scooby can talk with various members of Mystery Incorporated during the game. Daphne periodically gives the duo Scooby Snacks that decrease the fright meter. Velma analyzes clues brought to her that help unravel the mystery and give the players clue points. Once enough clues have been gathered, Velma will send Shaggy to Fred to help him build a trap to catch the monster using specific items the player gathers. The player then has to lure the monster into the trap, thus capturing it so Fred and company can reveal its true identity.

Levels
There are four levels in the game, and the player receives a password after each one to allow them to return at any time.

 Spooky Shipwreck — The Red Ryan ship is being haunted by a ghostly pirate named "One-Eyed Matt". He is actually after treasure on sunken ships nearby which he planned to melt down and steal.
 Haunted Amusement Park — The Fun Fair is being haunted by an Evil Clown who seeks to close the park as revenge for being fired when he was the park's janitor.
 Spooky Swamp — The Tar Monster is scaring everyone away from this ranch in order to buy the land cheap and then sell it at a profit due to it containing valuable minerals.
 Bradshaw Manor — A Mansion belonging to Daphne's Uncle which is being haunted by an evil vampire named Count Bagosi. He is trying to scare everyone away to protect his illegal counterfeiting operation.

There are two bonus levels hidden in each mystery. The first is found in kitchen areas. In this level, the player moves Scooby, from side to side, catching food items that Shaggy is throwing from the refrigerator onto slices of bread. The food stacks up as it is caught but if Scooby moves too fast some of it will fall. If the sandwich is large enough, then the player will be awarded Groovy Bonus points.

The second is found randomly in each level but usually appears upon entering a new area of the level. On this level, Shaggy plays a game of "Whac-A-Mole" style with a mallet on three vases. The object is to hit as many monsters (ghosts, vampires, knights, etc.) as possible without hitting Scooby or the other members of the gang. Points are added for monster hits and subtracted for hits to friends. Time Bonus, Time Freeze, and Speed Boost can also be collected from the vases to prolong the game and get more points. If the player scores enough points within the time limit, they receive a Scooby Bonus points.

Reception

The four reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly scored the Genesis game a 7.625 out of 10. They particularly praised the game's strong similarity to the TV series, though two of them felt the game to be too short. A reviewer for Next Generation was also enthusiastic about how faithfully the game recreated the look and feel of the show, and also complimented the humor and puzzle design. However, the reviewer felt that the slow-paced interface makes the game too much of a test of one's patience to be worth the rewards, and scored it two out of five stars. Tommy Glide of GamePro too felt the game managed to "capture the show's flavor", but said that only fans of the show would find it of interest.

Next Generations review of the SNES game again complimented its recreation of the humor and look of the TV show, and again complained of problems with the interface. However, the reviewer gave it a more positive recommendation and a score of three out of five stars, calling it "a good choice for a first-time graphic adventure experience." Quick-Draw McGraw of GamePro similarly called the game "an intriguing adventure for kids", praising its faithful recreation of the show's characters, detailed backgrounds, and soundtrack, though he criticized the absence of the TV show's theme song.

References

External links

1995 video games
Acclaim Entertainment games
Adventure games
Argonaut Games games
Sega Genesis games
Single-player video games
Sunsoft games
Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
Video games based on Scooby-Doo
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Alex Rudis
Video games scored by Kurt Harland
Video games set in hotels
Warner Bros. video games
The Illusions Gaming Company games

Scooby-Doo Mystery


The Iceni were a Celtic tribe who lived in Great Britain, in the area of modern-day Norfolk and Suffolk. Emperor Claudius invaded Great Britain in the year 43 AD. After that, the Iceni became allies of Rome. At that time, Antedios was the ruler of the Iceni. There was little economic exchange between the Iceni and the Romans: The Iceni feared a loss of cultural identity. This meant, that the Romans saw the relationship with the Iceni as a bad one. The Roman governor, Publius Ostorius Scapula, decided to disarm the tribes the Romans had bad relations with, in the year 47, and to build new Roman fortifications.

Prasutagus, an Icene, was given the title of vassal king. Boudicca, Prasutagus' wife, incited the Iceni, and a few allied tribes, into resisting the Romans. This resistance took place in the years 60 and 61, and was not successful.

At the end of the first century, the Iceni had their own capital, Venta Icenorum, located near the modern-day village of Caistor St Edmund.

Celtic peoples

Iceni


The Apostolic Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Georgia (), usually known as the Georgian Orthodox Church, is an  is an autocephalous (meaning independent) Eastern Orthodox Church in full communion with the other churches of Eastern Orthodoxy. It is Georgia's main religious institution, and a majority of Georgian people are members. The Orthodox Church of Georgia is one of the oldest churches in the world. Its claim to be apostolic means it can be traced back to the original disciples of Jesus. Its doctrine is similar to that of Eastern Orthodoxy, with only some differences. The church is the most trusted institution in Georgia. According to a 2013 survey 95% respondents had a positive opinion of its work.

Eastern Orthodox Church
Organizations based in Georgia (country)
Tbilisi

Georgian Orthodox Church


Middle Persian is the Iranian dialect of southwestern Khuzestan, Lorestan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari provinces in Iran. During the Sassanid times (224-654 CE) it became a prestige dialect. It came to be spoken in other regions as well. Middle Persian is classified as Western Iranian language. It comes from Old Persian and is the ancestor of Modern Persian.

The native name for Middle Persian (and perhaps for Old Persian also) was Pārsik. The word is the origin of the native name for the Modern Persian language.

Persian, Middle
Persian, Middle

Middle Persian