Eğriboz (-Euboia), Yunanistan'ın Girit'ten sonra en büyük adasıdır. Yüzölçümü 3,657 km², Nüfusu 218,302'dir. (2005).

Coğrafya

Ege Denizinde yer alır. Kuzeydogusundaki Skiros Adasıyla birlikte, merkezi Halkis olan Evvoia ilini oluşturur. Coğrafi olarak bir parçası sayıldığı Yunanistan anakarasından Eğriboz Boğazı (Euripus) ile ayrılır. Bu boğaz antik yunan döneminden beri bilim adamlarının ilgisini çeken özelliklere sahiptir. Akdeniz ve Ege de alışılagelmedik yüksekliklerde gelgit olayları ve günde yedi kez yönünü değiştiren hızlı akıntıları ile tanınır. Büyük İskender'in ölümünden sonra Eğriboz adasına yerleşen Antik Yunan filozofu Aristo'nun bu anlaşılması zor doğal olayları anlamak uğruna kendisini akıntıya attıği söylenir .

Ada uzun ve dar, Denizatı biçimindedir. Yaklaşık 150 km uzunluğundadır ve genişliği 50 km ile 6 km arasında değişir. Genel uzanımı kuzeybatıdan güneydoğuya doğrudur, boyluboyunca adayı kaplayan sıradağlar yakın adalar Andros, Tinos ve Mykonos'a devam eder.

Tarih
Adanın Türkçe adı, adayı Halkis şehrinin bulunduğu yerde anakaradan ayıran dar boğazın eski Yunanca adının (Εὔριπος, Evripos) yüzyıllar boyunca uğradığı değişikliklerin ürünüdür. Boğazın adı Orta Çağda tüm adanın adı haline gelmiş, ve zamanla Egripos olarak değişmiştir. Adanın Venedik boyunduruğu altında olduğu 200 yılı aşkın dönemde bu isim geçici olarak Egriponte  ve Negroponte olarak değişmişse de, 1463 - 1478 savaşının ardından Osmanlı İmparatorluğuna geçen adanın ismi yeniden Egripos, ve daha sonraları Eğribos, Eğriboz olarak yerleşmiştir. Bazı kaynaklarda Agriboz ve Ağrıboz formları da bulunur. 1830 Yunan Bağımsızlık Savaşı çerçevesinde ada yeni kurulan Yunan Krallığı'nın bir parçası haline gelmiştir (1832).

Ekonomi

Mantoudi ve Limni'de magnezit, Aliveri'de linyit Dirfi'de demir ve nikel maden sahaları vardır. Okhi dağındaki Carystus'un kuzeydoğu kısmında asbest ve Marmor Chalcidicum içeren Eretria'nın  kuzeyindeyse mermer çıkarılır. Kestane ağaçları vardır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi internet sayfasi (İngilizce versiyonu)
 Adanın Kaplıcaları

Eğriboz


Le  est une grande unité de l'armée de terre russe. Il est formé en 2017, peu après l'annexion de la Crimée par la Russie en 2014 et stationné en Crimée. Ses unités sont engagées en 2022 dans l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie.

Historique

Après l'annexion de la Crimée par la Russie en 2014 (sous couvert d'un référendum), la majorité des troupes russes stationnées en Crimée forment en décembre 2017 le , avec son QG à Simferopol, près de Sébastopol. Il fait partie du district militaire sud, et servent de troupes côtières de la marine russe, dépendant de la flotte de la mer Noire. En 2021, il est composé des unités suivantes :
  de défense côtière de la Garde Gorlovskaïa (« de Gorlovka »), à Perevalne (équipée comme une brigade d'infanterie mécanisée) ;
  de reconnaissance, à Sébastopol (actions amphibies, renseignement électronique, drones et opérations psychologiques) ;
  d'artillerie, à Perevalne ;
 1096 régiment de missiles antiaériens, à Sébastopol ;
  de protection NBC, à Sébastopol.

Le commandement terrestre russe en Crimée dispose aussi d'une grande unité de la flotte de la mer Noire : la  d'infanterie navale (à Sébastopol).

Invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en 2022
L'unité est engagée lors de l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en 2022.
Des unités du  d'armée sont identifiés dans le Sud-Ouest de l'Ukraine : trois ou quatre groupes tactiques de bataillon (BTG) de la  sont déployés au nord de Kherson. Remontant la rive droite du Boug méridional jusqu'à Voznessensk au tout début mars, ils en sont repoussées quelques jours plus tard. Dans la seconde partie de mars, la  se trouve à l'extrémité nord de l'oblast de Kherson, sur la rive occidentale du réservoir de Kakhovka. Le , les Ukrainiens annoncent avoir frappé le  du  par une frappe de lance-roquettes HIMARS à Nova Kakhovka.

Commandants
 2018 - 2019 : Ivan Popov.

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Armée de terre russe#Districts militaires et armées
 Troupes côtières de la marine russe
 Flotte de la mer Noire
 32e corps d'armée (Union soviétique)
 22e corps d'armée (Empire russe)
 22e corps de fusiliers

Unité ou formation militaire créée en 2017
Unité militaire russe

22e corps d'armée (Russie)


An Myoxanthus gorgon in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carlyle August Luer. An Myoxanthus gorgon in nahilalakip ha genus nga Myoxanthus, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Myoxanthus

Myoxanthus gorgon


Silvia Penide (La Coruña, 26 de julio,1979) es una autora e intérprete de canciones española. Cuenta con siete trabajos discográficos, de estilo pop acústico.

Historia
Comenzó a tocar la guitarra con 13 años, y enseguida comenzó a componer. En 1997 autoeditó su primera maqueta, Alicerce. Repitió el formato con Azul (1999) y Mundo de cuerdos (2001).
Silvia Penide es una autora e intérprete de canciones muy directas que conectan con el público y que empiezan a ver la luz en su primer LP "Kilómetros" (2002), siguen madurando en "Invisible" (2005) y "Desafinante Crónica" (2007) que se cuela en diferentes programas de Radio3 o M80 entre otros.

Con continuos conciertos por toda la Península y en salas de países como Croacia, Italia, Eslovenia,Portugal o Alemania, el universo particular de Penide se nutre de un cada vez mayor número de seguidores fieles a su propuesta.
El suyo es un pop contundente, lleno de matices y muy cuidado.

Tras su EP "Las Erres Dobles" grabado con Juan de Dios Martín, productor entre otros de Amaral y su disco "ANIMAL DE COMPAÑÍA", Silvia Penide da un paso más allá consiguiendo estar en boca de muchos con buenas críticas y menciones en publicaciones como Mondo Sonoro o Rolling Stone.

Después de haber compartido escenario con artistas de la talla de Annie B. Sweet, Mäbu, Mercedes Peón,... En enero de 2016 estrena "TODO PINTADO DE PLATA" su nuevo trabajo en el que participa como coproductor musical Felix Arias (que es el 50% de "Lovely Luna" junto con Xoel López), grabado por Celso Madriñán (reconocido músico gallego que ha participado como guitarrista en gira con Marlango entre otros) y producido conjuntamente con Arturo Vaquero (Nominado a un Premio Goya a la mejor canción original).

Silvia sigue su ascendente trayectoria tras haber ganado dos veces el "Premio Martín Códax de la Música Gallega" en la categoría Pop/Indie y en la de canción de Autor/a, el Premio "Alas en tus pies" a la Trayectoria Artística, actuar en el "Festival de la Luz" que amadrina Luz Casal y formar parte en Madrid de los "Escenarios Cómplices de Mahou" donde se encontraban grupos como Los Secretos o La Fuga.

En cada concierto destaca su calidad artística y su personal pop de autor que cautiva a un público cada vez más numeroso.

En 2019 edita "El efecto boomerang" donde colabora entre otros Javier Álvarez y actualmente está girando con su disco "Los días de plomo" (2020) compuesto durante el confinamiento con la colaboración de Víctor Manuel y presentando su primer libro para público infantil: "Diferentes Diferencias" ilustrado por Emilio Urberuaga (Ilustrador de "Manolito Gafotas" entre otros) que ha sido galardonado con el Premio Literario Frei Martín Sarmiento 2023.

Discografía
 2003: Kilómetros
 2005: Invisible
 2007: Desafinante crónica
 2010: Las Erres Dobles
 2012: Animal de compañía
 2014: Reedición Animal de compañía + DVD
 2016: Todo Pintado de Plata
 2019: El Efecto Boomerang
 2021: Los Días de Plomo

Véase también
 Silvia Penide presenta en Madrid su quinto disco "Animal de compañía"
 Silvia Penide: «Llevo una doble vida, como los superhéroes»

Notas y referencias

Enlaces externos
 www.silviapenide.com
 El rincón del cantautor
 Silvia Penide

Músicos de La Coruña
Cantautores de España
Nacidos en La Coruña
Españolas del siglo XXI

Silvia Penide


Bitka kod Hattina, bitka koja se odvila 4. srpnja 1187. godine i rezultirala teškim porazom križarske vojske predvođene jeruzalemskim kraljem Gvidom Lizinjanskim od strane ajubidskog vladara Saladina. Većina križara bila je ubijena ili zarobljena, a vojska je bila potpuno uništena. Posljedice tog velikog poraza bilo je naglo slabljenje i  razbijanje linije obrane Jeruzalemskog Kraljevstva, što je naposljetku rezultiralo opsadom i padom Jeruzalema nekoliko mjeseci kasnije. Primjer je bitke u kojoj je dobro opremljena kršćanska vojska pretrpjela katastrofalan poraz zbog brzopletosti i nesposobnosti vojnih vođa. Težak poraz kod Hattina, a još više predaja Jeruzalema, glavnog grada Jeruzalemskog Kraljevstva nekoliko mjeseci kasnije snažno su odjeknuli širom srednjovjekovne Europe te je uskoro dovela do pokretanja Trećeg križarskog rata (1189. - 1192.), koji nije ostvario bilo kakav značajniji uspjeh.

Pozadina sukoba

Sukob između križarskih državica i muslimana izazvao je Reginald od Châtillona, vladar Kneževine Antiohije kada je prekršio primirje te napao i opljačkao jednu muslimansku karavanu. Situaciju je dodatno pogoršao kada je odbio poslušati zapovijed jeruzalemskog kralja Gvida Lizinjanskog (1186. - 1192.) da vrati plijen i zarobljenike sultanu Saladinu. Isprovociran, Saladin je objavio kraj primirja i kreće u rat. Iako jeruzalemski kralj nije odobravao postupke Reginalda od Châtillona, ipak je odlučio okupiti na oružje sve križarske državice i protivno stavovima svojih savjetnika odlučio krenuti na Saladinovu vojsku koja je 26. lipnja otpočela opsadu grada Tiberijade.

Uvod u bitku

Križarska vojska činila je između 20 i 30 tisuća vojnika sakupljenih od vitezova, strijelaca i ostalih ratnika sakupljenih od oružanih snaga Jeruzalemskog Kraljevstva, Grofovije Tripoli, Kneževine Antiohije te raznih viteških redova poput Templara i Ivanovaca. Saladin je također opremio veliku i jaku vojsku koja je opsjedala Tiberijadu. U želji da što prije dođu u pomoć ugroženom kršćanskom gradu, križarski vođe na čeku s kraljem Gvidom donijele su nerazumnu i taktički promašenu odluku da skrate put maršom kroz pustinjsku ravnicu. Vrućina i žega su iscrpili teško oklopljene vitezove, ali i ostatak vojske, a situaciju je otežavala i laka muslimanska konjica koja je putem napadala križarsku vojsku. Saladin se odlučio na igru iscrpljivanja, znajući da će žedna vojska u jednom trenutku posustati od iznemoglosti.

Bitka

Križarska vojska bila je konačno opkoljena na lokaciji Rogovi Hattina i na nju je izvršen strelovit udar muslimanskih vojnih snaga. Premda su se iscrpljeni križari grčevito branili nisu uspijevali probiti muslimanske redove i izvući se iz obruča. To je uspjelo tek manjem dijelu vojnika koju se se probili prema gradu Akri. Najveći dio vojske je naposljetku bio poražen te su vojnici zarobljeni ili ubijeni. Saladin je otuđio od križara svetu relikviju Pravi križ koju je križarska vojska nosila pred sobom uzdajući se u Božju pomoć, nakon čega je nestala iz povijesnih izvora.

Posljedice

Nakon bitke Saladin je osobno pogubio uhvaćenog vjerolomnika Reginalda od Châtillona, a dao je i pogubiti sve templare i ivanovce, izuzev templarskog velikog meštra Gerarda de Rideforta. Zarobljen je i kralj Gvido Lizinjanski te je smaknućem velikog broja vitezova i zarobljavanjem jeruzalemskog kralja znatno oslabila sposobnost obrane križarskih državica. To je omogućilo sultanu Saladinu pohod na Jeruzalem koji je pao nakon kraće opsade 2. listopada, nekoliko mjeseci nakon bitke kod Hattina. Moć križarskih država bila je slomljena, a od gradova održali su se samo Akra, Antiohija i Tir. Poraz kod Hattina i posljedični pad Jeruzalema doveo je do organizacije Trećeg križarskog rata.

Bilješke

Vanjske poveznice

 Bitka kod Hattina - Saladin razbio križarsku vojsku (1187.) - povijest.hr
 Bitka kod Hattina - Britannica Online

Križarski ratovi
Vojna povijest 12. stoljeća

Bitka kod Hattina


Franz Eichhoff (* 16. Juli 1875 in Sayn; † nach 1933) war ein deutscher Jurist und Politiker (DVP).

Leben
Nach dem Abitur am Gymnasium nahm Eichhoff ein Studium der Rechtswissenschaft auf, das er mit dem Zweiten Juristischen Staatsexamen beendete. Er trat 1902 als Gerichtsassessor in den preußischen Justizdienst ein, arbeitete seit Oktober 1907 als Amtsgerichtsrat in Selters (Westerwald) und war von Oktober 1913 bis Dezember 1917 als Landgerichtsrat am Landgericht Neuwied tätig. Im Dezember 1921 wurde er Landgerichtsdirektor am Landgericht Düsseldorf, im Oktober 1924 Landgerichtsdirektor am Landgericht Kassel und im September 1926 Landgerichtspräsident am Landgericht Neuruppin. Seit dem 1. Dezember 1933 war er Senatspräsident des Berliner Kammergerichtes.

Während der Zeit der Weimarer Republik trat Eichhoff in die DVP ein, für die er von 1921 bis 1932 als Abgeordneter im Preußischen Landtag saß.

Literatur
 Herrmann A. L. Degener: Wer ist's?, Band 9/1928, Leipzig 1928, S. 344.

Mitglied des Preußischen Landtags (Freistaat Preußen)
DVP-Mitglied
Richter (Kammergericht)
Richter (Landgericht Kassel)
Richter (Landgericht Düsseldorf)
Richter (Landgericht)
Richter (Amtsgericht)
Deutscher
Geboren 1875
Gestorben im 20. Jahrhundert
Mann

Franz Eichhoff


En mathématiques, la somme des chiffres d'un entier naturel dans une base numérique donnée est la somme de tous ses chiffres. Par exemple, la somme des chiffres de  en base 10 est  .

Définition
Soit  un nombre entier naturel. La somme des chiffres de  en base  est la fonction  définie par la relation :

où  est le nombre de chiffres du nombre en base  et

est la valeur du ème chiffre du nombre (c'est-à-dire le chiffre associé à la puissance  dans la représentation de  en base ) .

Par exemple, en base 10, la somme des chiffres de 84001 est  .

Pour deux bases quelconques  et pour des nombres naturels suffisamment grands  ,

  .

La somme des chiffres en base 10 des entiers 0, 1, 2, ... est donnée par la suite  de l'Encyclopédie en ligne des suites de nombres entiers. Borwein utilisent la fonction génératrice de cette suite d'entiers (et de la suite analogue pour les sommes de chiffres binaires) pour dériver plusieurs séries rapidement convergentes avec des sommes rationnelles et transcendantales.

Extension aux entiers négatifs
La somme des chiffres peut être étendue aux nombres entiers négatifs en utilisant une représentation en chiffres signés pour représenter chaque nombre entier.

Applications
Le concept de somme de chiffres décimaux est étroitement lié, mais pas identique, à la racine numérique, qui est le résultat de l'application répétée de l'opération de somme de chiffres jusqu'à ce que la valeur restante ne soit qu'un seul chiffre. La racine numérique de tout entier non nul sera un nombre compris entre 1 et 9, tandis que la somme des chiffres peut prendre n'importe quelle valeur. Les sommes de chiffres et les racines numériques peuvent être utilisées pour des tests de divisibilité rapides : un nombre naturel est divisible par 3 ou 9 si et seulement si sa somme de chiffres (ou racine numérique) est divisible par 3 ou 9, respectivement. Pour la divisibilité par 9, ce test s'appelle la règle des neuf est à la base de la technique d'élimination des neuf pour vérifier les calculs.

Les sommes numériques sont également un ingrédient courant dans les algorithmes de somme de contrôle pour vérifier les opérations arithmétiques des premiers ordinateurs. Plus tôt, à l'ère du calcul manuel, Edgeworth a suggéré d'utiliser des sommes de 50 chiffres tirées de tables mathématiques de logarithmes comme forme de générateur de nombres aléatoires; si l'on suppose que chaque chiffre est aléatoire, alors par le théorème central limite, ces sommes de chiffres auront une distribution aléatoire se rapprochant étroitement d'une distribution gaussienne.

La somme numérique de la représentation binaire d'un nombre est connue sous le nom de Hamming weight ou nombre de population; des algorithmes pour effectuer cette opération ont été étudiés, et il a été inclus comme une opération intégrée dans certaines architectures informatiques et certains langages de programmation. Ces opérations sont utilisées dans des applications informatiques, notamment la cryptographie, la théorie du codage et les échecs informatiques

Les nombres de Harshad sont définis en termes de divisibilité par leurs sommes de chiffres, et les nombres de Smith sont définis par l'égalité de leurs sommes de chiffres avec les sommes de chiffres de leurs factorisations premières.

Articles connexes
 Dynamique arithmétique
 Preuve par neuf
 Somme de contrôle
 Racine numérique
 Somme de contrôle
 Nombre Harshad
 Invariant numérique parfait
 Somme latérale
 Nombre de Smith
 Somme-numéro de produit
 Formule de Legendre

Références

Théorie des nombres
Pages avec des traductions non relues

Somme des chiffres


(4484) Sif ist ein Hauptgürtelasteroid, der am 25. Februar 1987 von Poul Jensen vom Brorfelde-Observatorium aus entdeckt wurde.

Der Asteroid ist nach Sif, der Gattin des Donnergottes Thor, benannt.

Weblinks

Hauptgürtelasteroid unter 50 km Durchmesser

(4484) Sif


Olaylar

Doğumlar
 Pierre Bayle
 22 Ağustos - Denis Papin, Fransız fizikçi ve kâşif (ö. 1712)

Ölümler

1647


An Habenaria psammophila in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni J.A.N.Bat., Bianch. ngan B.M.Carvalho. An Habenaria psammophila in nahilalakip ha genus nga Habenaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Habenaria

Habenaria psammophila


ابن دينار العالم العربي المسلم من علماء القرن الخامس الهجري ومن مشاهير الأطباء في زمانه ذكره ابن أبي أصيبعة، قال: كان في ميّافارقين أيام نصر الدولة بن مروان (401 هـ-453 هـ). وكان فاضلاً في صناعة الطب، جيّد المداواة، خبيراً بتأليف الأدوية. ووجدتُ له أفراباذيناً بديع التأليف، بديع التصنيف، حسن الاختيار، مرضيّ الأخبار ويُنسب لابن دينار شراب متداول الاستعمال، مشهور بين الأطباء وغيرهم، حتى ومن ابن أبي أصيبعة، يُعرف باسم شراب الديناري.

مصادر

علماء عرب

ابن دينار


Westcliff-on-Sea est une ville située à l'est de Londres, en Essex, Royaume-Uni, sur la rive nord de l'estuaire de la Tamise. C'est une banlieue ouest de Southend-on-Sea.

Sa population était de  en 2011.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Ville dans l'Essex

Westcliff-on-Sea


is a city located in Gifu, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 33,283, and a population density of 39 persons per km2 (101/sq mi), in 12,253 households. The total area of the city was . The city is famous for its hot springs.

Geography
Gero is located in east-central Gifu Prefecture. The Hida River  and the Maze River run throughout the city.  Over 91% of the city area is covered by mountains and forest. Much of the city is within the borders of the Hida-Kisogawa Quasi-National Park. The volcano, Mount Ontake, is located in Gero.

Climate
The city has a climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild winters (Köppen climate classification Cfa).  The average annual temperature in Gero is . The average annual rainfall is  with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around .

Neighbouring municipalities
Gifu Prefecture
Takayama
Seki
Nakatsugawa
Gujō
Shirakawa
Hichisō
Nagano Prefecture
Kiso
Ōtaki

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Gero has declined over the past 50 years.

History
The area around Gero was part of traditional Hida Province.  During the Edo period, it was part of the tenryō controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate. During the post-Meiji restoration cadastral reforms, the area was organised into Mashita District, Gifu. The village of Gero of created on July 1, 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. It was raised to town status on January 1, 1925. Gero merged with the towns of Hagiwara, Kanayama and Osaka, and the village of Maze (all from Mashita District) on March 1, 2004 to form the city of Gero.

Government
Gero has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 14 members.

Economy
Gero's major industry is tourism. It is known throughout Japan for its onsen, which are mentioned even in the Nara period Shoku Nihongi.  Gero has many hotels that can be visited by guests that are looking for accommodations near the hot springs. Large tubs are located in some hotels allowing couples to bathe together. Some hotels lend yukatas to the couples. It's not unusual to see people wearing yukatas on the streets  and even in stores. Besides those in hotels, there are many inexpensive and convenient onsens located near railway stations, residential areas, and commercial centers up and down the valley. Forestry and agriculture also play significant roles in the local economy.

Education
Gero has 13 public elementary schools and six public middle schools operated by the city government, and one public high school operated by the Gifu Prefectural Board of Education. The prefecture also operates two special education schools.

Transportation

Railway

 JR Tōkai  - Takayama Main Line
 -   -  -  -  -  -   -

Highway

Sister city relations

International
 Ketchikan, Alaska, United States
 Pensacola, Florida, USA
 Salesópolis, São Paulo, Brazil

Domestic
Ichinomiya, Aichi Prefecture
Hodatsushimizu, Hakui District, Ishikawa Prefecture

References

External links

 Sister City Exchange Report (JCIE)
 Gero-Onsen Convention Official Site
 Info Gero Spa (Japanese)

Cities in Gifu Prefecture

Gero, Gifu


في الهندسة المتقطعة، التعبئة المتراصة لمجموعة كرات هو عبارة عن ترتيب لكرات ضمن شبكة منتظمة منتهية بحيث تشغل هذه الكرات أصغر حجم ممكن في الفضاء الثلاثي الأبعاد.

برهن كارل فريدرش غاوس أن أكبر كثافة وسطية من الممكن أن تصل إليه لتعبئة متراصة ضمن شبكة منتظمة هو . كما تنص حدسية كيبلر أنه يتم الوصول إلى النسبة العظمى للكثافة بتعبئة متراصة لكرات ضمن شبكة منتظمة أو غير منتظمة.

هناك نوعان من الشبكات التي تمكن من الوصول لأعلى كثافة:
 مكعب مركزي الوجه
 تعبئة متراصة موشور مسدس HCP.

مراجع

اقرأ أيضا

 نظرية التراكم الكري المحدود

كرات (هندسة)
هندسة متقطعة
علم البلورات

تعبئة متراصة


Markus Borner (23 de abril de 1945 - 10 de janeiro de 2020) foi um zoólogo e conservacionista suíço. Foi chefe do programa da Sociedade Zoológica de Frankfurt para a África ao longo de mais de 20 anos. Borner também trabalhou no Parque Nacional Serengeti na Tanzânia, em África, por mais de 40 anos. Lá, entre outros, estudou os padrões de migração da vida selvagem e também envolveu-se em atividades de conservação da vida selvagem.

Foi professor honorário da Universidade de Glasgow.

Em 2016, Borner foi agraciado com o Prémio Planeta Azul.

Mortos em 2020
Nascidos em 1945
Cientistas da Suíça

Markus Borner


Die Panamerikameisterschaften 1991 im Badminton fanden Mitte Juni 1991 in Jamaika statt.

Medaillengewinner

Weblinks
 tournamentsoftware.com

Badminton 1991
Badmintonwettbewerb in Jamaika
1991

Panamerikameisterschaft 1991 (Badminton)


Servalköttur (fræðiheiti: Leptailurus serval) er kattardýr sem finnst í Afríku.

Heimild

Kattardýr

Servalköttur


Johnston Murray (July 21, 1902 – April 16, 1974) was an American lawyer, politician, and the 14th governor of Oklahoma from 1951 to 1955. He was a member of the Democratic Party.

Murray was the first Native American to be elected as governor in the United States. Murray's mother, Mary Alice Hearrell, was a citizen of the Chickasaw Nation. His father, William H. Murray, by virtue of his marriage to Hearrell in 1899, also became a citizen of the nation under Chickasaw law. The elder Murray was an advisor to Governor Douglas H. Johnston of the Chickasaw Nation, and later served in numerous political offices after Oklahoma was admitted as a state. He served as the ninth governor of Oklahoma (1931–1935).

As governor 20 years later, Johnston Murray attempted to reduce state spending but was blocked by state legislators, although they were part of the Democratic majority. The state constitution prohibited a second succeeding term, and his second wife Willie Murray ran for governor in 1954. She failed to win. They broke up in a bitter public divorce proceeding, which began a few months later. The divorce was final in 1956.

Murray later married Helen Shutt. They moved to Fort Worth, Texas, where he worked for an oil well servicing company and later a limousine service. After returning to Oklahoma City, Murray formed a law partnership with Whit Pate in February 1960. He ran for Oklahoma State Treasurer in 1962, but finished last in the four-man Democratic primary field. He later worked for the remainder of his career as a consulting attorney for the Oklahoma Department of Welfare. Both he and his father were buried in Tishomingo, Oklahoma.

Early life and education
Murray was born July 21, 1902, in the mansion of the Chickasaw Nation's Governor at Emet, Johnston County, Indian Territory. His mother, Mary Alice Hearrell, was one-eighth Chickasaw. She was the niece of Douglas H. Johnston, the  noted Chickasaw Governor for whom her husband William H. Murray was then working as a legal advisor. The senior Murray later served both with the 1905 convention that drafted a constitution for the State of Sequoyah, and as president of the 1906 convention that drafted Oklahoma's constitution prior to its admission. Following state and national offices, he was elected in 1930 as the ninth Governor of Oklahoma, serving 1931-1935.

Johnston Murray was one of five children. Growing up in a doubly prominent political family, the younger Murray was educated in the public schools of Tishomingo, Oklahoma, the former capital of the Chickasaw Nation. He attended college at the Murray State School of Agriculture (now Murray State College), graduating in 1924.

Unlike his mother, Johnston Murray never chose to enroll as a citizen of the Chickasaw Nation. When elected as state governor, Murray was the first Native American in the United States to hold a gubernatorial office, although he is not always considered such, due to him not being an enrolled Native citizen.

In 1923 Johnston Murray married Marion Draughon of Sulphur, Oklahoma. They had one child together before getting divorced six years later.

Early career
After college, Murray traveled to Bolivia with his father and brothers and their families from Oklahoma. They were trying to establish a private colony there to develop a large ranching operation. They lived there for four years working on this project, but did not receive sufficient support from the government.

When Murray returned to Oklahoma, he worked in oil and gas fields, rising to the role of plant manager.

Murray divorced his wife Marion in 1929. He married again in 1933, to Willie Roberta Emerson. She was a concert pianist and known for her drive and ambition.

Political career
Murray joined and became active in the Democratic Party, which dominated state politics. In 1940 he was elected as chairman of the Oklahoma Electoral College, and he served as a member of the Electoral College in 1948. He had returned to graduate school, and in 1947 received his law degree from Oklahoma City University School of Law.

Murray also served as Democratic chair of Oklahoma's 8th congressional district and as chair of local political groups in Kay and Oklahoma counties. He served as chair of the Oklahoma Election Board and secretary of the Oklahoma Land Commission.

Governor of Oklahoma
Through these activities Johnston Murray had increased his own name recognition, and was also known as the son of the well-known, flamboyant politician and ninth governor of the state, William H. Murray. Johnston Murray was elected Governor of Oklahoma in November 1950 and sworn into office on January 21, 1951. His 81-year old father, "Alfalfa Bill" Murray, administered the oath of office.

Murray's main campaign theme had been to reduce spending by the state government and reduce taxes. His program included continuing to consolidate schools to improve education (begun under his predecessor, Governor Roy J. Turner), changing the ad valorem tax to return more of the property taxes to local school districts, and expanding highway and toll road systems.

Murray received an honorary degree of Doctor of Law on 7 July 1952 from Sequoia University, which had established legal headquarters in Oklahoma at the time.

Although working with a Democratic-majority legislature, Murray vetoed forty bills in four years, the highest number in forty years of Oklahoma politics.  He had some notable successes: he was the first Oklahoma governor to be elected as Chairman of the Southern Governors Conference. He funding of the Turner Turnpike, which had been authorized by the legislature in 1947 and was completed in 1953, during his administration. He was instrumental in the state purchase of fairgrounds in Oklahoma City. In 1954 Murray toured Central and South American countries on behalf of the United States Information Service. He also served as chairman of the Interstate Oil Compact Commission.

Johnston and Willie
Murray's wife and first lady of Oklahoma, Willie Murray, was noted for her charm and intelligence. She also had ambition and drive. Her first action after Murray's inauguration was to open the governor's mansion to public visitors every Thursday. She welcomed up to 3,000 people weekly, who lined up at the door for entrance.

Being in office resulted in new tensions between Murray and his wife, and he began to chafe against their differences. Willie complained that he drank too much. He responded that she was too bossy. According to a 2015 account, he reportedly said during his tenure, "Damn it, I got elected, not her."

The state constitution prohibited successive terms in the governor's office, so Murray could to run again in 1954.  Before his term was up, his wife Willie Murray announced that she would run for the office in 1954. The campaign was considered a farce. When she was the first state-wide candidate to campaign for office by helicopter, one reporter wrote that the helicopter, "... was the only thing that got off the ground."

After the 1954 election, Murray filed for divorce. Willie fought back, asking for separate maintenance and alleging grounds of adultery and public drunkenness by him. Their brawl went public. Murray asked for another chance; she named another woman as co-respondent, and published letters from Murray declaring his intention to divorce. He said these were lies. Their divorce on grounds of incompatibility was made final in 1956. His settlement included making a $75,000 payment to Willie, deeding her the family's home in Oklahoma City and a Ford automobile, and giving her a copy of the movie of her gubernatorial campaign. Willie also got the last word. When Murray announced that he had changed his political affiliation and supported Republican Dwight Eisenhower for President in 1956, Willie reportedly said, "He never has been much of a Democrat."

Later years and death
Murray married a third time, to Helen Shutt in 1956. He lived and worked for a period in Fort Worth, Texas, where he worked for an oil well servicing firm, and then a limousine service.

After returning to Oklahoma City, Murray set up a law partnership with Whit Pate in 1960. He ran for the Democratic nomination for State Treasurer in 1962, but Murray finished last in the four-man primary, gaining 18.24% of the vote (77,881 votes).

Murray later served as a consulting  attorney with the Oklahoma Department of Public Welfare until his death on April 16, 1974, 8 days after a surgery for a ruptured abdominal blood vessel. He is buried in Tishomingo, Oklahoma, where both his parents were also buried.

See also
 List of minority governors and lieutenant governors in the United States

Notes

References

External links

 National Governors Association
 Oklahoma Historical Society

|-

1902 births
1974 deaths
20th-century American lawyers
20th-century American politicians
Methodists from Oklahoma
American people of Chickasaw descent
Native American state governors of the United States
Democratic Party governors of Oklahoma
Governors of Oklahoma
Oklahoma City University alumni
Oklahoma lawyers
People from Johnston County, Oklahoma
People of Indian Territory
Oklahoma Republicans
Texas Republicans

Johnston Murray


Leopold Spinner (* 26. April 1906 in Lemberg, Österreich-Ungarn; † 12. August 1980 in London) war ein in Galizien geborener, später im britischen Exil lebender österreichischer Komponist und Musikwissenschaftler.

Leben
Spinners Familie flüchtete bei Kriegsbeginn nach Wien. Von 1926 bis 1930 studierte er Komposition in Wien bei Paul Amadeus Pisk und wurde als Musikwissenschaftler promoviert. Anschließend erlangte er internationale Anerkennung sowohl mit seinen Werken, die bei den Weltmusiktagen IGNM aufgeführt wurden, sowie auch durch Preise. Trotzdem nahm er nochmals von 1935 bis 1938 Unterricht bei Anton Webern.

Spinner wurde zu einem der wichtigen Repräsentanten der Zweiten Wiener Schule. 1939 war er gezwungen nach England zu emigrieren und verbrachte die folgenden Jahre in Bradford, West Yorkshire. Dann war er als Musikkopist und Editor tätig und 1954 wechselte er nach London. Von 1958 bis zu seiner Pensionierung 1975 wirkte er als Editor bei Boosey & Hawkes Music Publishers, wegen seiner Kenntnisse und Genauigkeit beispielsweise von Igor Strawinski in höchstem Grade geschätzt.

Schriften
 Das Rezitativ in der romantischen Oper bis Wagner, Dissertation (maschinenschriftlich), Wien 1931.
 A Short Introduction to the Technique of Twelve-Tone Composition. Hawkes, London 1960.

Literatur
 Günter Brosche: In memoriam Leopold Spinner : eine musikalische Dokumentation zum 80. Geburtstag; Ausstellung, Hoboken-Saal der Musiksammlung der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, Wien (bis Mitte März 1987). Wien: Österreichische Nationalbibliothek 1986. 31 S.: Ill., Notenbeisp. Werkeverz. Leopold Spinner S. 15–23.

 Spinner, Leopold. In: Ernst Fischer: Verleger, Buchhändler & Antiquare aus Deutschland und Österreich in der Emigration nach 1933: Ein biographisches Handbuch. 2. Auflage. Berlin : De Gruyter, 2020, S. 492

Weblinks

Verlagslektor
Komponist (Österreich)
Komponist klassischer Musik (20. Jahrhundert)
Österreichischer Emigrant zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus
Person (Cisleithanien)
Österreicher
Brite
Geboren 1906
Gestorben 1980
Mann

Leopold Spinner


Luis Germán Toribio Echecopar García, (Lima, 26 de abril de 1906 - ibídem, 14 de julio de 1964), abogado peruano que fue ministro de Hacienda (1947-1948) y accidentalmente encargado del ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores en dos oportunidades en 1947. Fundó la reconocida firma de abogados que lleva su apellido, actualmente Estudio Echecopar, asociado a Baker & McKenzie International, reconocido como una de las mejores firmas de abogados del Perú.

Biografía
Sus padres fueron Germán Echecopar García y María Teresa Mercedes Aurelia García y Lastres. Nieto del diplomático Aurelio García y García.

Cursó sus estudios escolares en el Colegio Sagrados Corazones Recoleta, de 1914 a 1923. Ingresó a la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, donde se graduó de bachiller en Letras (1925), en Ciencias Económicas (1927) y en Derecho (1929), recibiéndose de abogado. En 1927 pasó a ejercer como asistente en el estudio jurídico de Manuel Vicente Villarán. En la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú se graduó de doctor en Derecho Privado (1945).

En 1935 se casó con Dora Rey Bull, con la que tuvo siete hijos.

Bajo la presidencia constitucional del doctor José Luis Bustamante y Rivero se desempeñó como ministro de Hacienda, de 13 de enero de 1947 a 27 de febrero de 1948, formamndo parte de un gabinete ministerial compuesto por militares. Accidentalmente se encargó del despacho del ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, en dos oportunidades, por ausencia del canciller Enrique García Sayán.

En enero de 1950 fundó el estudio jurídico Echecopar. Fue también asesor jurídico de la presidencia de la República, decano de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Católica, profesor emérito de la misma y fiscal suplente de la Corte Suprema. Falleció súbitamente cuando atendía un informe oral ante la Primera Sala de dicha Corte.

Fue miembro del Colegio de Abogados de Lima, de la Alliance française, del Instituto Cultural Peruano-Norteamericano, del Club Nacional y del Lawn Tennis de la Exposición.

Obras
 Derecho de sucesiones. Examen del libro tercero del Código Civil peruano de 1936 (1946).
 Régimen de bienes en el matrimonio (1952).

Asimismo, estudios y artículos que aparecieron en diversas publicaciones especializadas.

Genealogía

Referencias

Bibliografía

 Chirinos Soto, Enrique: Historia de la República / 1930 -1985. Tomo II. Desde Sánchez Cerro hasta Alan García. Lima, AFA Editores, 1985.
 GeneaNet: Luis Echecopar García - Árbol genealógico Francisco Javier Carbone Montes.
 Tauro del Pino, Alberto: Enciclopedia Ilustrada del Perú. Tercera Edición. Tomo 6, D'AC/FER. Lima, PEISA, 2001. ISBN 9972-40-155-3

Nacidos en Lima
Fallecidos en Lima
Alumnado de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Abogados de Perú
Ministros de Economía y Finanzas de Perú
Ministros de Relaciones Exteriores de Perú
Sanmarquinos (siglo XX)
Profesores de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

Luis Echecopar García


Norður Ayrshire (skosk gelíska: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath) er eitt af 32 sveitarfélögum Skotlands. Það var stofnað árið 1996 og er 885 ferkílómetrar að flatarmáli og eru íbúar 135.000 (2021). Stærstu bæirnir eru Irvine sem er höfuðstaðurinn og Kilwinning.

Eyjan Isle of Arran þekur um helming sveitarfélagsins en er með 4% íbúanna.

Sveitarfélög í Skotlandi

Norður-Ayrshire


Lysá pod Makytou este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Púchov din regiunea Trenčín, pe malul râului . Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 2.105 locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Lysá pod Makytou este atestată documentar din 1471.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Lysá pod Makytou


භෞමික ග්‍රහලෝක, භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක, පෘථිවි-සදෘශ ග්‍රහලෝක හෝ පාෂාණී ග්‍රහලෝක යනු ප්‍රාථමික වශයෙන් සිලිකේට් පාෂාණයන්ගෙන් සමන්විත ග්‍රහලෝක වේ. සෞර ග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලය තුල, භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝකයන් වන්නේ සූර්යයා ට කිට්ටුවෙන් පිහිටා ඇති අන්තහ් ග්‍රහලෝක වෙති. භූමිෂ්ඨ  යන්නට වූ ටෙරෙස්ට්‍රියල්  යන ඉංග්‍රීසි වදනද පෘථිවි-සදෘශ යන්නට වූ ටෙලියුරික්  යන ඉංග්‍රීසි වදනද බිඳී ඇත්තේ පෘථිවිය සඳහා වූ ලතින් වචන (ටෙරා සහ ටෙලියුස්) වලින් වන අතර, විකල්ප අර්ථදැකුමක් ලෙසින් මෙම ග්‍රහලෝක සියල්ල, යම් සංගණ්‍ය ආකාරයකට, "පෘථිවි-සදිසි" බවක් දැක්විය හැක.

භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක, බොහෝ විට ඝන පෘෂ්ඨයකට හිමි කමක් නොමැති විය හැකි හා විවිධ භෞතික කලාපයන් හි පැවැතිය හැකි හයිඩ්‍රජන්, හීලියම්, සහ ජලය යන්නෙහි කිසියම් සංයෝජනයක් ලෙසින් බොහෝ ලෙසින් පවතින වායුමය ග්‍රහලෝකයන් ගෙන් බෙහෙවින් වෙනස් වෙති.

ව්‍යුහය
සියලු භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක හිමි කම් කියන එකම දළ ව්‍යුහය: එය වටා පිහිටන සිලිකේට් ප්‍රාචාරයකින් සහ වැඩි වශයෙන්ම යකඩ වලින් සමන්විත, මධ්‍යගත ලෝහමය මධ්‍යයකි. සඳ සමාකාර වුවද, යකඩ මධ්‍යයක් විරහිත වෙයි. භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක අගාධයන්, ආවාටයන්, කඳු, සහ යමහල් වලින් යුතු වෙති. භුමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක සතු වන්නේ ද්විතීයික වායුගෝල — අන්තහ් යමහල් විදාරණයන් හෝ ධූමකේතු ගැටුම් හේතුවෙන් ජනනය වූ වායුගෝලයන්— වන අතර, මීට හාත්පසින්ම ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ ලෙසින් වායුමය යෝධයන් සතුවන්නේ, ප්‍රාථමික වායුගෝලයන් — මුල් සෞර නීහාරිකාව වෙතින් සෘජුව ඩැහැ ගත් වායුගෝලයන් — වෙති.

සිලිකන් සංයෝගයන් ප්‍රමුඛත්වය ගන්නා එකක් සහ, අංගාරමය කොන්ඩ්‍රොයිට් ග්‍රහකයන් හි අයුරින් කාබන් සංයෝගයන් ප්‍රමුඛත්වය ගන්නා තවෙකක් වශයෙන්, භූමිෂ්ඨ හෝ පාෂෘණී ග්‍රහලෝක දෙවර්ගයක් සෛද්ධාන්තිකව පවතිති. මේවා පිළිවෙලින්, සිලිකේට් ග්‍රහලෝක සහ කාබන් ග්‍රහලෝක (නොහොත් "දියමන්ති ග්‍රහලෝක") වෙති.

සෞර භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක

පෘථිවියෙහි සෞර ග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලය සතු වන්නේ භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක සතරකි: බුධ, සිකුරු, පෘථිවිය, අඟහරු, සහ එක් භූමිෂ්ඨ වාමන ග්‍රහලෝකයක් වන, සෙරෙස්. ඝන පෘෂ්ඨයක් සතු වීම නිසාවෙන්, ප්ලූටෝ වැනි වස්තූන්, භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝකයන්ට සමතාවයක් දක්වතත්, ඒවා සමන්විත වන්නේ බොහෝ අයිස්මය ද්‍රව්‍යයන්ගෙනි (බලන්න අයිස් වාමනයා). සෞර ග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලය නිර්මාණය වීමේදී, සමහරවිට මීට වඩා බොහෝ (ග්‍රහපිණ්ඩ) පවතින්නට ඇති මුත්, සෞර නීහාරිකාවෙහි ඉතිරි ලෝක සතර හා සංයුක්ත වී හෝ ඒවා නිසා විනාශ වී හෝ යන්නට ඇත. භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක අතුරින් එකක් පමණක්, එනම් පෘථිවිය, සක්‍රීය ජලගෝලයකට හිමි කම් කියන බවට ප්‍රත්‍යක්‍ෂ වී ඇත.

ඝනත්ව නැඹුරුතාවන්
සෞර භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝකයන්, සෙරස් සහ ක්ෂුද්‍රග්‍රහයන් අතුරින් විශාලතම ද්වයය යන සියල්ල සැලකූ කල්හී ඒවායේ අසම්පීඩිත ඝනත්වය සාමාන්‍ය ප්‍රවණතාවක් වශයෙන් සූර්යයා සිට දුර වැඩිවත්ම ඝනත්වය අඩුවීමක් කරා නැඹුරු වන බවක් පෙන්නුම් කරයි.

මෙම රීතියට ප්‍රධාන ව්‍යතිරේකය වන්නේ ස‍ඳෙහි ඝනත්වය වන අතර, තම අඩු ඝනත්වයට එය හිමි කම් කියනුයේ එහි අසාමාන්‍ය සම්භවය නිසාවෙනි. බහිෂ්-සෞර භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝකයන් ද මෙම නැඹුරුව අනුව යන්නේද යන වග ගැන අනාවැකි පල කෙරුමට සාධක ප්‍රමාණවත් නොවේ.

බහිෂ්-සෞර භූමිෂ්ඨ ග්‍රහලෝක

ඒවායේ සත්කාරක තාරකාවන්හී විශාල වෙවුලුම් ඇතිකිරීමට සමත් බවක් නිරීක්ෂණය කෙරුම ඔස්සේ, අපගේ සෞර ග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලයෙන් පිටත ග්‍රහලෝකයන් බහුතරයක් වායුමය යෝධයන් බවට නිර්ණය කර ගෙන ඇත. කෙසේවෙතත්, බහිෂ්-සෞර ග්‍රහලෝකයන් ගෙන් කිහිපයක් හෝ භූමිෂ්ඨ බවට අනුමාන කෙරේ.

1990 ගණන් වල මුල් භාගයෙහිදී, පෘථිවියෙහි මෙන් 0.02, 4.3, සහ 3.9 ගුණයක ස්කන්ධයන් සහිත වූ පළමු බහිෂ්-සෞර ග්‍රහලෝකයන් සො‍යා ගැනුනේ PSR B1257+12 ස්පන්ද තාරකාව වටා පරිභ්‍රමණය වෙමින් තිබියදීය. ඒවා සොයාගැනුනේ අහම්බෙනි: ඒවායේ සංක්‍රාන්තිය නිසා‍වෙන් ස්පන්ද තාරකාවෙහි රේඩියෝ තරංග සම්ප්‍රේෂණයට බාධිත ඇති විය (ස්පන්ද තාරකාවක් වටා පරිභ්‍රමණය නොවන්නට, ඒවා කිසිදා සොයා නොගැනුමට ඉඩ තිබිණි).

පළමු භෞමික ග්‍රහයා වන 51 Pegasib  තාරකාවක් අවට දි සොයා ගැනුනු අතර එය ඉතා විශාල භෞමික ග්‍රහයකු බවට  තාරකා විද්‍යාඥයින් ඇස්තමේන්තු කළේ  51 Pegasib  තරම් තාරකාවකට ළඟින් වෙන කිසිඳු වායු යෝධයකුට සිටිය නොහැකි බව විශ්වාස කල බැවිනි.  කෙසේ නමුත්  HD 2094586 නම් එවැනිම භෞමික ග්‍රහයකුගේ විෂ්කම්භයන් මිනුම් කල විට පෙනී ගියේ මේවා ඇත්තෙන්ම වායු යෝධයින් බවයි.

2005 වසරේ ජුනි මාසයේදී  Fusing තරුවක් වටා හමුවුනු ප්‍රථම ග්‍රහයා  Red dwarf star Gliese  876 වටා භ්‍රමණය වනු දක්නට ලැබුණි.  එය පෘථිවි ස්කන්ධය මෙන් 5 සිට 7 ගුණයක් දක්වා වන අතර භ්‍රමණ කාලය පෘථිවි දින 2 කට සීමා වේ.

වර්ගීකරණය

සිලිකේට් ග්‍රහලෝක (Silicate planet)
යකඩ ග්‍රහලෝක (Iron planet)
හර රහිත ග්‍රහලෝක (Core-less planet)
කාබන් ග්‍රහලෝක (දියමන්ති ග්‍රහලෝක)(Carbon planet)
සුපිරි පෘථිවි (Super-Earth)

ආශ්‍රිත
 Chthonian planet
 Earth analog
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මූලාශ්‍ර

ග්‍රහලෝක වර්ග
සෞරග්‍රහ මණ්ඩලයේ ග්‍රහලෝක
තාරකා විද්‍යාව
අභ්‍යවකාශ විද්‍යාව
භෞමික ග්‍රහයින්
භෞමික ග්‍රහලෝක

භෞමික ග්‍රහලෝක


El-Hayat (, Türkçe karşılığı Hayat), Arapça yayımlanan gazetedir.

Kamel Mrowa tarafından kurulan ve 1946 yılında Beyrut'ta yayın hayatına başlayan gazete Londra, Frankfurt, Kahire, Bahreyn, Beyrut, New York ve Marsilya'da basılmaktadır. 160-170.000 adet baskı yapmaktadır.

Lübnan İç Savaşı sırasında gazete ofisi Londra'ya taşınmış ve yayın hayatına buradan devam etmiştir. 1990 yılında Suudi Prens Halid bin Sultan tarafından satın alınmıştır. 2020 yılında gazete kapılarını kapatmıştır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Al Hayat resmi sitesi
 Al Hayat resmi İngilizce sitesi

Arapça gazeteler
Suudi Arabistan gazeteleri
1940'larda Lübnan'da kurulan oluşumlar
1946'da Asya'da kurulan oluşumlar
1946'da kurulan gazeteler
Londra gazeteleri
Birleşik Krallık'ta yayımlanan günlük gazeteler

El-Hayat


المصرف العراقي للتجارة  مصرف عراقي حكومي، تأسس عام 2003 في بغداد.

نبذة تاريخية
تأسس المصرف العراقي للتجارة في شهر تموز 2003 ككيان حكومي مستقل لغرض تسهيل استيراد وتصدير السلع والخدمات من وإلى العراق خدمة للاقتصاد الوطني وإعادة تأهيل البلاد بعد انتهاء العمل ببرنامج النفط مقابل الغذاء التابع للأمم المتحدة ولتلبية الحاجات الإنسانية للعراق وإعادة بناء الاقتصاد العراقي وإصلاح البنى التحتية ولأغراض أخرى تعود بالفائدة للشعب العراقي آخذين بنظر الاعتبار الأهمية الاقتصادية للتجارة في إعادة تنشيط الاقتصاد العراقي وتحفيزه لتحقيق نمو طويل الأمد.

في شهر تشرين الثاني من عام 2003 بدأ المصرف عمله كمصرف حكومي مستقل برأسمال قدره 1,100,000 مليون ومائة ألف دولار أمريكي وقد ازداد رأسماله المدفوع كما في 30/6/2016 ليصبح 26,475,845,000,000 (ستة وعشرون ترليون وأربعمئة وخمسة وسبعون مليار وثمانمائة وخمسة وأربعون دينار عراقي).

المصرف العراقي للتجارة أحد البنوك الرائدة في الشرق الأوسط في قطاعي التمويل التجاري والاستثماري.

يعد المصرف العراقي للتجارة المصرف الأكثر خبرة وثقة في مجال العمل المصرفي في العراق حيث حقق نموا سريعا منذ تأسيسه ليصبح إحدى المؤسسات الرائدة والفاعلة في القطاع  المصرفي. فقد قام المصرف بإنشاء شبكة واسعة من المصارف المراسلة في العالم وبناء علاقات وطيدة مع المصارف العالمية ذات السمعة الممتازة وبحسب متطلبات العملية المصرفية حيث وصل عدد المصارف المراسلة إلى أكثر من (428) مصرفا متواجدة في (108) مدينة وتغطي (95) دولة في العالم مما وفر له فرصا حقيقية للتواجد عالميا وقدرات تنافسية على توفير مختلف الخدمات المصرفية المتنوعة.

حقق المصرف العراقي للتجارة نجاحات مبكرة مثل التوقيع على اتفاقيات اطارية مع 26 مؤسسة عالمية لضمان الصادرات إضافة إلى أنه كان من أوائل المصارف العراقية الذي حصل على خطوط ائتمانية من المصارف العالمية الرصينة ذات السمعة الممتازة بالرغم من عدم وجود تصنيف ائتماني لدولة العراق حيث أن هذا الإنجاز يعتبر إنجازا كبيرا بحد ذاته بالنسبة للمصرف يضاف إلى قائمة الإنجازات المهمة والاستراتيجية.

إن العمليات المصرفية التي يقوم بها المصرف العراقي للتجارة متوافقة مع الأصول والأعراف الدولية التي تصدرها غرفة التجارة الدولية ومواكبة لتعليمات وقواعد مكافحة غسيل الأموال حيث شهد المصرف منذ أن باشر أعماله نموا مطردا في حجم تعاملاته المصرفية وأرباحه الصافية حيث بلغت أرباحه الصافية بحدود 385 مليون دولار أمريكي في نهاية العام 2011.

الجوائز التي حصل عليها المصرف العراقي للتجارة
 2010 – جائزة أفضل مصرف محلي في العراق بحسب  EMEFINANCE , London
 2010 – جائزة أفضل مصرف محلي في العراق بحسب Export Group , London
 2010 – جائزة أفضل مصرف في استمرارية العمل بحسبExport Group , London
 2010 – جائزة أفضل ثاني مصرف تجاري في الشرق الأوسط Trade and Forfaiting (TFR), London
 2010 – حصل مصرفنا بالتسلسل 511 ضمن تصنيف أكبر ألف مصرف في العالم من مجلة The Banker وجاء مصرفنا بالتسلسل 51 لمنطقة الشرق الأوسط حسب تصنيف نفس المجلة.
 2011 – جائزة أفضل ثالث مصرف في العالم في مجال النفط والغاز Trade and Forfaiting (TSR) , London
 2011 – حصل مصرفنا بالتسلسل 42 ضمن تسلسل أكبر 100 مصرف لمنطقة الشرق الأوسط حسب تصنيف نفس المجلة The Banker  وجاء مصرفنا بالتسلسل 42 ضمن تسلسل أكبر 100 مصرف لمنطقة الشرق الأوسط حسب تصنيف نفس المجلة.
 2016 – المصرف العراقي للتجارة يفوز بإحدى جوائز التميز والإنجاز المصرفي
 (The Banking Executive Magazine).
 2017- تسلم المصرف العراقي للتجارة جائزة أفضل حملة إدارية لإطلاق هوية المصرف الجديدة وأفضل مصرف تجاري من مؤسسة The Banker Middle East

فروع المصرف
يمتلك المصرف العراقي للتجارة حاليا 26 فرع في العراق موزعة بين العاصمة بغداد والبصرة والنجف وأربيل والسليمانية وكربلاء والرمادي وتكريت والناصرية والعمارة والحلة والكوت ودهوك.

الأرباح

المدراء

المراجع

الموقع الرسمي
الموقع الرسمي للمصرف

اقتصاد العراق
بنوك أسست سنة 2003
بنوك العراق
تأسيسات سنة 2003 في العراق
شركات عراقية أسست في 2003
شركات مقرها في بغداد

المصرف العراقي للتجارة


Carlo Lizzani (Roma; 3 de abril de 1922-Roma; 5 de octubre de 2013) fue un director de cine, actor, guionista y productor italiano.

Biografía
Entre sus películas hay que recordar: Achtung! Banditi! (1951), Cronache di poveri amanti (1954), Il gobbo (1960), Il processo di Verona (1963), La vita agra (1964), Banditi a Milano (1968), Mussolini: último acto (1974), Prostitución de menores (1975), San Babila ore 20: un delitto inutile (1976), Fontamara (1977), Mamma Ebe (1985), Caro Gorbaciov (1988), Cattiva (1991), Celluloide (1995) y Hotel Meina (2007).

Realizó dos aportaciones al western europeo como director: Un fiume di dollari y Requiescant, en este último contó con la colaboración de Pier Paolo Pasolini y de los actores fetiche de este, Franco Citti y Ninetto Davoli.

Entre 1979 y 1982 dirigió el Festival de Cine de Venecia en Venecia. Fue miembro del jurado en el Festival de Berlín en 1994.

Muerte
El 5 de octubre de 2013, a los 91 años, Lizzani, según apuntan varios medios, se quitó la vida tirándose de la ventana, desde el tercer piso donde vivía en la calle Gracchi de Roma.

Filmografía
 Viaggio al sud, documental (1949)
 Via Emilia Km 147, documental (1949)
 Nel Mezzogiorno qualcosa è cambiato, documental (1950)
 Modena, città dell'Emilia Rossa, documental (1950)
 Achtung! Banditi! (1951)
 Ai margini della metropoli, con Massimo Mida (1952)

 L'amore in città, episodio L'amore che si paga (1953)
 Cronache di poveri amanti (1954).
 Lo svitato (1956)
 La muraglia cinese, documental (1958)
 Esterina (1959)
 Il gobbo (1960)
 Il carabiniere a cavallo (1961)
 L'oro di Roma (1961)
 Il processo di Verona (1963)
 La vita agra (1964)
 Amori pericolosi, episodio La ronda (1964)
 Thrilling, episodio L'autostrada del sole (1965).
 La Celestina P... R... (1965)
 La guerra segreta (1965)
 Frente al amor y la muerte (1966)
 Un fiume di dollari (1966)
 Requiescant (1967)
 Banditi a Milano (1968)
 L'amante di Gramigna (1969).
 Amore e rabbia, episodio L'indifferenza (1969)
 Barbagia (La società del malessere) (1969)
 Roma bene (1971)
 Torino nera (1972)
 Facce dell'Asia che cambia, documental (1973).
 Crazy Joe (1974)
 Mussolini: último acto (1974)
 Prostitución de menores (1975)
 San Babila ore 20 un delitto inutile (1976)
 Fontamara (1977)
 Kleinhoff hotel (1977)
 La casa del tappeto giallo (1983)
 L'addio a Enrico Berlinguer, documental (1984).
 Mamma Ebe (1985)
 Imago urbis, documental (1987)
 Caro Gorbaciov (1988)
 12 registi por 12 città * 12 directores para 12 ciudades, episodio Cagliari (1989).
 Capitolium, con Francesco Lizzani, documental (1989).
 Cattiva (1991)
 Celluloide (1996)
 Luchino Visconti, documental (1999).
 Roberto Rossellini: Frammenti e battute, documental (2000).
 Un altro mondo è possibile, documental (2001)
 Operazione Appia Antica (2003)
 La passione di Angela (2005)
 Hotel Meina (2007)
 Scossa (2011), con Ugo Gregoretti, Francesco Maselli y Nino Russo.

Premios y distinciones
Premios Óscar

Festival Internacional de Cine de Cannes

Festival Internacional de Cine de Venecia

Referencias

Actores de cine de Italia
Directores de cine de Italia
Guionistas de cine de Italia
Productores de cine de Italia
Directores de spaghetti western
Artistas que cometieron suicidio
Suicidas de Italia
Nacidos en Roma
Suicidios por salto
Suicidios masculinos
Suicidios en 2013
Fallecidos en Roma

Carlo Lizzani


The 800 metres, or meters (US spelling), is a common track running event. It is the shortest commonly run middle-distance running event. The 800 metres is run over two laps of an outdoor (400-metre) track and has been an Olympic event since the first modern games in 1896. During the winter track season the event is usually run by completing four laps of an indoor 200-metre track.

The event was derived from the imperial measurement of a half mile (880 yards), a traditional British racing distance. 800 m is 4.67 m less than a half mile.

The event combines aerobic endurance with anaerobic conditioning and sprint speed, so the 800m athlete has to combine training for both.

Runners in this event are occasionally fast enough to also compete in the 400 metres but more commonly have enough endurance to 'double up' in the 1500m. Only Alberto Juantorena and Jarmila Kratochvílová have won major international titles at 400m and 800m.

Race tactics
The 800m is also known for its tactical racing. Because it is the shortest middle-distance event that has all the runners converge into one lane (after the first bend), positioning on the cut-in and the position of the pack is critical to the outcome of the race. Gaining a front position early in the race is often advantageous as there are occasionally trips when running in a pack. Olympic champions Dave Wottle, Kelly Holmes and others have defied that logic by running a more evenly paced race, lagging behind the pack and accelerating past the slowing early leaders. Often the winner of elite 800m races is not the fastest runner, but the athlete best positioned near the end of the race: an athlete directly behind another runner, has to switch to an outer lane to overtake, so has to run further—and might be blocked by a third runner alongside.

800 metre participants usually run a positive split, where the first lap is faster, but a negative split is occasionally run as a tactic. The current world record (by David Rudisha) was run with a positive split in the 2012 Olympics. Rudisha ran the first lap in 49.28 seconds and the second in 51.63 seconds. Theoretically, an even split is the most efficient running mode, but it is difficult to pace correctly.

Continental records
Updated 31 July 2023.

All-time top 25

Men (outdoor)
Correct as of August 2021.

Women (outdoor)
Correct as of September 2023.

Annulled marks
Yelena Soboleva (Russia) ran 1:54.85 in Kazan on 18 July 2007, but her performance was annulled due to doping offences.

Men (indoor)
Correct as of February 2023.

Notes
Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 1:44.82:
Wilson Kipketer also ran 1:43.96 (1997) and 1:44.68 (2003).
Donavan Brazier also ran 1:44.22 (2020) and 1:44.41 (2019).
Yuriy Borzakovskiy also ran 1:44.34 (2003), 1:44.35 (2000), 1:44.49 (2001), and 1:44.58 (2004).

Women (indoor)
Correct as of February 2023.

Notes
Below is a list of other times equal or superior to 1:58.19:
Stephanie Graf also ran 1:56.85 (2002), 1:57.53 (2001), 1:57.61 (2002), 1:57.68 (2001), and 1:57.80 (2000).
Maria Mutola also ran 1:57.06 (1999), 1:57.13 (1996), 1:57.17 (1999), 1:57.48 (2002, 2004), 1:57.55 (1993), 1:57.62 (1995), 1:57.72 (2004), 1:57.90 (1998), 1:58.02 (1997, 2001), 1:58.05 (2001), and 1:58.16 (1999).
Jolanda Čeplak also ran 1:57.18 (2002) and 1:57.79 (2002).
Keely Hodgkinson also ran 1:57.20 (2022), 1:57.71 (2023), 1:57.87 (2023).

Juniors
World junior records (19 and under) are held by Nijel Amos (1:41.73, London, 9 August 2012) and Pamela Jelimo (1:54.01, Zürich, 29 August 2008). Both marks coincidentally rank them as the third fastest ever.

Olympic medalists

Men

Women

World Championships medalists

Men

Women

World Indoor Championships medalists

Men

Women

 Known as the World Indoor Games

Season's bests

Men

Women

References

External links
IAAF list of 800-metres records in XML

Events in track and field
Middle-distance running
Summer Olympic disciplines in athletics

800 metres


El 1.º Batallón de Aspirantes de Artillería (1. Bordschützen-Anwärter-Bataillon) fue un Batallón de aspirantes de la (Luftwaffe) durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Historia
Fue formado en abril de 1942 en Reichenberg, a partir de los Batallones de Aspirantes en Neisse. Después es trasladado a Schwetz/Weichselund a orillas del Vístula. En abril de 1943 es disuelto en Francia.

Comandantes
Mayor Richard Braun - (14 de abril de 1942 - ?)

Enlaces externos
Lexikon Der Wehrmacht - 1. Bordschützen-Anwärter-Bataillon .
WW2 - 1. Bordschützen-Anwärter-Bataillon .

Batallones de Aspirantes de la Luftwaffe
Unidades militares creadas en 1942
Unidades militares desaparecidas en 1943


Râul Shivana sau Shivna Nadi este un curs de apă din India, statul Maharashtra, afluent al râului Godavari

Pe râu au fost construite barajul Ambadi și barajul Shivana Takli

Referințe
Shivana River

Velganga

Râul Shivana


La subunidad beta de la hormona Foliculoestimulante, subunidad beta de la hormona Estimulante del folículo, subunidad beta de la Folitropina o FSH-Beta es una glucoproteína que en humanos es codificada por el gen FSHB.
Es la parte con función biológica específica, de la hormona FSH, la que induce la producción de óvulos y espermatozoides.

Hormona glucoproteica
Las hormonas glucoproteínas secretadas por la glándula hipófisis, son dímeros que consisten de una subunidad beta (β) distinta para cada hormona.
La subunidad beta de la hormona foliculoestimulante (FSH-β), le confiere a la hormona FSH su efecto biológico específico.

Las subunidades alfa (α) de los dímeros son idénticas para toda la familia de hormonas glucoproteicas.
Esta familia de hormonas incluye: hormona foliculoestimulante, hormona luteinizante, gonadotropina coriónica, y la hormona estimulante de la tiroides.

Estructura

La subunidad beta (FSH- β) de la hormona foliculoestimulante, está constituida por 129-130 aminoácidos.
La FSH-β posee una masa molecular de 14.600-14.900Daltons.
La subunidad beta le confiere a esta hormona glucoproteica su acción específica como gonadotrofina.

La estructura 3D de la subunidad beta humana, muestra los siguientes motivos:
Beta strand, Hélice, Turn.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="background: Chocolate; color:white; text-align:center;"| * Humano *Motivos estructurales Subunidad beta de la FSH
|- style="background:Lavender; color:black"
! width="100 px" |  Ref.
| width="230 px" | Ubicación de los motivosy su extensión en Aminoácidos
|-
| Beta strand. ||  21-32 aa
|-
| Hélice. || 33-35 aa
|-
| Beta strand. || 68-81 aa
|-
| Beta strand. || 85-87
|-
| Beta strand. || 90-103
|-
| Turn. || 107-109
|-
| Beta strand. || 110-114
|}
Dominio proteico#Dominio funcional
Es parte de la estructura terciaria, la región compacta plegada del polipéptido, que mantiene su estabilidad. El dominio funcional es la unidad modular de la FSH-β que lleva a cabo la función bioquímica. La característica del dominio funcional de la FSH-β es la de Señal.

 Genética
La subunidad beta FSH-β de la hormona foliculoestimulante es codificado por el gen FSHB '''.
Los resultados del splicing alternativo, resulta en dos variantes de la transcripción, que codifican la misma proteína.
El gen está ubicado en el cromosoma 11 (humano), brazo corto (p) y ocupa la banda 4.1. (11p14.1)
Dentro de la hebra de DNA del cromosoma, la ubicación de los pares de base (bp) es: 30,231,014 a 30,235,261
Tamaño: 4248 bases.

Función
La hormona foliculoestimulante en conjunto con la hormona luteinizante, induce la producción de óvulos y espermatozoides.
En el ovario, la  FSH regula la foliculogénesis, la selección de ovocitos y la síntesis de hormonas esteroides sexuales.
En el varón, la FSH como gonadotrofina, media el desarrollo testicular, la espermatogénesis y los esteroides sexuales.

Regulación
La subunidad β de la FSH, se sintetiza y secreta en las células gonadotrópicas del lóbulo anterior de la hipófisis, por acción de: la hormona liberadora de gonadotropina (GnRH) del hipotálamo, y del sistema activina-inhibina-folistatina del ovario.

La subunidad β de la FSH, es el factor limitante en la síntesis de la hormona FSH madura (dímero). La concentración de FSH se regula principalmente a nivel de la transcripción de la subunidad β, ya que la FSH se secreta con liberación continua de la glucoproteína recién sintetizada (secreción constitutiva).

Véase también
 Hipotálamo

Referencias

Lectura adicional (en inglés)

Proteínas humanas

Hormona foliculoestimulante subunidad beta


Warad-Sin (transliterado del cuneiforme Ir-en.zu) fue el decimotercer rey de Larsa y Rey de Sumeria y Acad. Fue colocado en el trono por su padre, el jeque de Yamutbal, adda amorreo y conquistador Kudurmabuk, después de que éste liberara la ciudad del gobierno de Kazallu. Fundó una tercera y corta dinastía de una Larsa independiente, gobernando desde 1834 hasta 1823 a.C. según la cronología larga. Es posible que Warad-Sin corrigiera Larsa junto con su padre, ya que el nombre de éste aparece en las inscripciones oficiales. A su muerte fue sucedido por su hermano Rim-Sin I.

Durante su reinado Larsa vivió una época dorada fundada en la mejora de las redes de irrigación, que permitió extender mucho la superficie cultivable. Warad-Sin ordenó la construcción de un gran número de templos y un zigurat, no sólo en Larsa sino también en Ur y Nippur. En Ur construye una nueva y potente muralla. Por el contrario, conquistó Kazallu y destruyó su muralla.

Es posible que Warad-Sin estuviera emparentado con Sin-Eribam, décimo rey de Larsa.

Referencias

Reyes de Larsa
Reyes del siglo XIX a. C.
Asia en el siglo XIX a. C.
Reyes amorritas

Warad-Sin


Field Marshal Hugh Gough, 1st Viscount Gough,  (3 November 1779 – 2 March 1869) was an Irish officer of the British Army. After serving as a junior officer at the seizure of the Cape of Good Hope during the French Revolutionary Wars, Gough commanded the 2nd Battalion of the 87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot during the Peninsular War. After serving as commander-in-chief of the British forces in China during the First Opium War, he became Commander-in-Chief, India and led the British forces in action against the Marathas defeating them decisively at the conclusion of the Gwalior campaign and then commanded the troops that defeated the Sikhs during both the First Anglo-Sikh War and the Second Anglo-Sikh War.

Early career
Born the son of Lieutenant Colonel George Gough and Letitia Gough (née Bunbury) of Lisnavagh, Gough was commissioned into the Limerick Militia on 7 August 1793. He transferred to a locally raised regiment on 7 August 1794 and, having been promoted to lieutenant in the 119th Regiment of Foot on 11 October 1794, transferred to the 78th (Highlanders) Regiment of Foot on 6 June 1795. He took part in the capture of the Cape of Good Hope in September 1795 during the French Revolutionary Wars and transferred to the 87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot in December 1795, before being deployed with his regiment in the West Indies and taking part in the expedition to Dutch Guiana in 1799. After returning to England he was promoted to captain in the 2nd Battalion of his regiment on 25 June 1803 and to major in the same battalion on 25 June 1803.

Peninsular War
Gough joined Sir Arthur Wellesley in Spain in January 1809 and commanded the 2nd Battalion of his regiment at the Battle of Talavera, during which he was wounded in July 1809 during the Peninsular War. He also fought at the Battle of Barrosa, where his regiment captured a French Imperial Eagle in March 1811. Promoted to brevet lieutenant colonel on 30 March 1811, he also took part in the Siege of Tarifa in January 1812, the Battle of Vitoria in June 1813 and the Battle of Nivelle, during which he was again badly wounded in November 1813. He was promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant colonel on 25 May 1815, appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 4 June 1815 and appointed a Knight Bachelor on 16 March 1816.

Promoted to colonel on 12 August 1819, Gough became commanding officer of the 22nd Regiment of Foot in County Tipperary where he also served as a local magistrate. He was promoted to major general on 22 July 1830 and advanced to Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 18 September 1831.

Service in the east

Gough became General Officer Commanding the Mysore division of the Madras Army in 1837. At the outset of the First Opium War in March 1839 he was appointed commander-in-chief of the British forces in China. He led the assault at the Battle of Canton in May 1841, and having been promoted to the local rank of lieutenant general in India and in China on 18 June 1841, he also led the assault at the Battle of Amoy in August 1841. Advanced to Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on 14 October 1841 and promoted to the substantive rank of lieutenant general on 23 November 1841, he commanded the British forces at the Battle of Chapu in May 1842 and at the Battle of Chinkiang in July 1842. After the Treaty of Nanking, the British forces were withdrawn and he returned to India. He became a baronet on 1 December 1842 and was promoted to the local rank of full general in India on 3 March 1843.

In August 1843 Gough became Commander-in-Chief, India, and in December 1843 he led the British forces in action against the Mahrattas defeating them decisively at the conclusion of the Gwalior campaign. He also commanded the troops at the Battle of Mudki in December 1845, at the Battle of Ferozeshah also in December 1845 and at the Battle of Sobraon in February 1846 during the First Anglo-Sikh War. Gough was loyally supported by Lord Hardinge, the governor-general, who served under him during these actions. Gough was elevated to the peerage as Baron Gough of Chinkiang in China and of Maharajpore and the Sutlej in the East Indies on 7 April 1846.

The Second Anglo-Sikh War started in 1848, and again Gough took to the field commanding in person at the Battle of Ramnagar in November 1848 and at the Battle of Chillianwala in January 1849. He was criticised for relying on frontal assault by infantry rather than using artillery and was replaced as commander-in-chief by Sir Charles Napier but, before news of his replacement had arrived, Gough achieved a decisive victory over the Sikhs in the Battle of Gujarat in February 1849. He returned to Ireland and was advanced in the peerage as Viscount Gough of Goojerat in the Punjab and of the City of Limerick on 4 June 1849. He retired from active service later that year and was promoted to the substantive rank of full general on 20 June 1854.

Gough also served as colonel of the 99th Regiment of Foot, as colonel of the 87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot and later as colonel of the Royal Horse Guards. In Dublin, he was a member of the Kildare Street Club. He was promoted to field marshal on 9 November 1862.

Death and commemoration

He died at St. Helen's, his home in Booterstown, on 2 March 1869 and was buried in Stillorgan.

Proposals for a statue to Gough began in 1869 but were rejected by Dublin Corporation, including sites in Carlisle Bridge, Foster Place and Westmoreland Street. An equestrian statue of Gough by John Foley was ultimately erected outside the city, in Dublin's Phoenix Park in 1880 but, after being repeatedly vandalised in the 1940s and 1950s, it was moved to Chillingham Castle in Northumberland in 1990. The inscription reads:

In honour of Field Marshal Hugh Viscount Gough, K.P., G.C.B., G.C.S.I., an illustrious Irishman, whose achievements in the Peninsular War, in China, and in India, have added lustre to the military glory of his country, which he faithfully served for seventy five years. This statue [cast from cannon taken by troops under his command and granted by Parliament for the purpose] is erected by friends and comrades.

The cannon referred to were captured by Gough in China and India and yielded 15 tons of gun-metal for the statue.

Family
In June 1807, Gough married Frances Maria Stephens, daughter of General Edward Stephens.

As the 1st Viscount Gough, he set down a family seat near Gort at Lough Cutra Castle, County Galway, Ireland, when purchased by him in 1852.

Gough's first cousins included Thomas Bunbury of Lisnavagh, County Carlow, MP for Carlow, and Jane McClintock of Drumcar, mother of the 1st Baron Rathdonnell.

Arms

References

Sources

Further reading

External links

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1779 births
1869 deaths
Military personnel from County Limerick
British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
British Commanders-in-Chief of India
British field marshals
British military personnel of the First Anglo-Sikh War
British military personnel of the First Opium War
British military personnel of the Gwalior Campaign
British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Sikh War
Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath
Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India
Knights of St Patrick
Royal Horse Guards officers
1
87th (Royal Irish Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot officers
Knights Bachelor
Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom
Recipients of the Army Gold Cross
Irish knights
Peers of the United Kingdom created by Queen Victoria

Hugh Gough, 1st Viscount Gough


الحزب الديمقراطي الشعبي - لبنان هو حزب ماركسي - لينيني تأسس عام 1969 تحت اسم حزب العمل الاشتراكي العربي بمبادرة من الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين ليكون ممثلها في الساحة اللبنانية وقد عرف حزب العمل الاشتراكي العربي عدة انقلابات وانشقاقات ابرزها انشقاق زاهر الخطيب الذي اسس رابطة الشغيلة والانشقاق الذي قاده نزيه حمزة والذي اسس الحزب الديمقراطي الشعبي
منذ نشأته انخرط الحزب في تحالف «الحركة الوطنية اللبنانية» بقيادة كمال جنبلاط وكان من أشد المدافعين عن الثورة الفلسطينية وحق الشعب الفلسطيني في الكفاح المسلح من اجل تحرير كامل التراب الفلسطيني وكانت له مشاركات عسكرية عديدة في معظم المعارك التي خاضتها القوات المشتركة خصوصا في جبل لبنان ضد ميليشيات الجبهة اللبنانية اليمينية وفي صيدا في معركة التصدي لتقدم الجيش السوري.
بعد الاجتياح الإسرائيلي للبنان عام 1982 انخرط الحزب في جبهة المقاومة الوطنية اللبنانية-جمول تحت اسم «قوات الشهيد رشيد بروم» وكانت له مشاركات دائمة في عمليات المقاومة الوطنية ضد العدو الإسرائيلي والميليشيات المتعاملة معه خصوصا في منطقتي الجبل ومحور شرق صيدا حيث كانت له عدة مواقع ثابتة واستمرت مشاركته في صفوف جبهة المقاومة الوطنية اللبنانية حتى العام 1998 أي حتى اخر عملية عسكرية للجبهة
بعد انتهاء الحرب الاهلية اللبنانية عام 1990 كان الحزب من المعارضين الدائمين للسياسات الاقتصادية للرئيس رفيق الحريري وما زال حتى اليوم من المعارضين لنهجه السياسي والاقتصادي.
انخرط الحزب في صفوف المعارضة الوطنية اللبنانية عام 2006 وهو من الاحزاب المؤيدة لحق الشعب اللبناني في مقاومة العدو الإسرائيلي حتى تحرير كامل الأراضي المحتلة.
تربطه اليوم علاقات مميزة بالتنظيم الشعبي الناصري وبحزب الله وسائر اطراف المعارضة الوطنية اللبنانية والاحزاب الداعمة للمقاومة اللبنانية والفلسطينية.
امينه العام هو نزيه حمزة مؤسس الحزب.

وصلات خارجية

الموقع الرسمي للحزب الديموقراطي الشعبي - لبنان

مراجع

أحزاب شيوعية
أحزاب لبنان

الحزب الديمقراطي الشعبي (لبنان)


Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) යනු Cell adhesion හා සබැඳි Glycoprotein කුලකයකි. නිරෝගී වැඩිහිටියකුගේ රුධිරයේ මෙය ඉතා අඩුමට්ටමකින් (20 ng/mL පමණ) පවතී.
නමුත් සමහර පිළිකා තත්ත්ව වලදී මෙය ඉහළ යන නිසා tumor marker එකක් ලෙස සායනික පරීක්ශාවලදී භාවිතා වේ.

මූලාශ්‍ර

Carcinoembryonic antigen


Interleaved 2 of 5 (ou ITF, littéralement « 2 parmi 5 entrelacé » en anglais) est un type de code-barres continu à deux dimensions codant des chiffres. Ce type de code-barre est utilisé commercialement sur les films 135, pour les codes-barres ITF-14 et sur les cartons de certains produits, tandis que les produits à l'intérieur sont étiquetés avec UPC ou EAN.

ITF encode des paires de chiffres ; le premier chiffre est codé dans les cinq barres (ou lignes noires), tandis que le deuxième chiffre est codé dans les cinq espaces (ou lignes blanches) « entrelacés » avec eux. Deux barres ou espaces sur cinq sont larges. Les chiffres sont codés en symboles comme suit :

où "f" est un trait fin (une barre ou un espace) et "L" un trait large (2 à 3 fois la largeur d'une ligne fine).

Les traits larges forment un code deux sur cinq avec des valeurs consécutives de 1, 2, 4, 7 et 0, où le code 0 a une valeur de 11. Ceci est similaire au code à barres POSTNET.

Avant les paires réelles, il y a un code de démarrage composé de ffff (barre fine - espace fin - barre fine - espace fin), et après tous les symboles, il y a le code de fin composé de Lff (barre large - espace fin - barre fine).

Comme les chiffres sont codés par paires, seul un nombre pair de chiffres peut être codé. Généralement, un nombre impair de chiffres est codé en ajoutant un "0" comme premier chiffre, mais parfois un nombre impair de chiffres est codé en utilisant cinq espaces étroits dans le dernier chiffre.

Une somme de contrôle peut être ajoutée comme dernier chiffre, qui est calculé de la même manière que les sommes de contrôle UPC.

Il existe des contraintes spécifiques sur la hauteur et la largeur des barres et la largeur des "zones silencieuses" vierges avant les symboles de début et de fin.

L'ITF est souvent utilisé pour marquer les numéros d'identification des produits ou d'autres codes, de différentes longueurs, sur les cartons d'articles et les caisses à plusieurs unités. Un exemple spécifique de cela, normalisé par GS1, est le code-barres ITF-14 utilisé pour marquer les colis avec des numéros d'article commerciaux mondiaux. Dans ces utilisations, le symbole du code à barres ITF est généralement imprimé entouré d'une large bordure rectangulaire noire appelée Barre Porteuse. La Barre Porteuse entoure tout le symbole et les zones vierges avant le début et la fin, en jouxtant les extrémités des barres. Le but d'une Barre Porteuse est d'égaliser la pression exercée par la plaque d'impression sur toute la surface du code-barres. Elle peut aussi servir d'améliorer la fiabilité de la lecture en aidant à réduire la probabilité d'erreurs de lecture lorsque le code à barres est scanné à un angle trop grand pour que le faisceau de balayage croise le bord supérieur et/ou inférieur du code à barres plutôt que de balayer toutes les barres, entrant par la barre la plus à gauche et sortant par la barre la plus à droite (ou vice versa pour un balayage inversé).

Un tel « balayage court » qui ne s'étend pas à toutes les barres ne peut évidemment pas aboutir à une lecture correcte du code à barres complet, mais de par la nature d'ITF, il est possible qu'un balayage court qui commence dans au milieu du code-barres de commencer par un motif qui correspond au motif de départ requis, ou pour un balayage court qui se termine au milieu du code-barres pour se terminer par un motif qui correspond au motif d'arrêt requis. De cette manière, l'analyse courte, bien qu'incorrecte, peut sembler être une analyse complète correcte. La barre de support empêche cette erreur, car un court balayage passera par la Barre Porteuse lorsqu'il passe sur le bord supérieur ou inférieur du code à barres. Étant donné que la Barre Porteuse est beaucoup plus large que n'importe quelle barre noire légitime, elle garantira que le balayage court ne peut pas sembler commencer par le bon modèle de début et se terminer par le bon modèle de fin, forçant un balayage invalide. Le code-barres peut ensuite être re-scanné, automatiquement ou manuellement. (Si le scan court n'était pas reconnu comme invalide, les données mal lues seraient acceptées et utilisées comme s'il s'agissait de bonnes données, et il n'y aurait aucune chance de rescanner automatiquement le code à barres pour corriger les mauvaises données.)

Sur des films 135 (35 mm), ITF est utilisé pour identifier le fabricant, le type de film, le nombre d'expositions et les informations sur le propriétaire sur 6 chiffres. Le code-barres est situé entre le code de détection automatique de la caméra DX argenté et noir lu automatiquement et le bec de sortie. Il est numérisé optiquement par de nombreuses machines de traitement de film lorsque la cartouche est insérée pour le développement.

Identcode et Leitcode sont des variantes d'ITF avec des chiffres de contrôle utilisés par Deutsche Post.

Voir aussi

 ITF-14 (en anglais)
 Code deux parmi cinq
 Codes-barres
 Composition de l'ITF 2 parmi 5 - Gomaro

Références

Code-barres

2 parmi 5 entrelacé


النمر والأنثى هو فيلم مصري عرض عام 1987، بطولة عادل إمام وآثار الحكيم، من تأليف إبراهيم الموجي ومن إخراج سمير سيف. في هذا الفيلم يلعب عادل إمام دور ضابط شرطة يكافح عصابة مخدرات.

قصة الفيلم
يتم تكليف الضابط وحيد (عادل إمام) بالتنكر والدخول وسط عصابة أكبر تجار المخدرات عبده القماش (أنور إسماعيل) لكي يقبض عليه متلبسا، يتوصل بتحرياته إلى أن ابنته ياسمين مختفية منذ زمن طويل. يتفق وحيد مع فتاة الليل التائبة نعيمة (آثار الحكيم) التي تشبه ياسمين على انتحال شخصيتها وتوهم القماش أن وحيد زوجها ومعها ابنها تامر (ماهر عصام)، يصدق القماش الأمر في البداية، إلا أن شقيقته عدلات (عايدة عبد العزيز) تشك في الأمر منذ البداية إلى أن تكشف للقماش الأمر، يقرر القماش الانتقام من وحيد ونعيمة فيدسون المخدرات لوحيد في القهوة إلى أن يصبح مدمنا ويدبرون له حادث سيارة ينجو منها وحيد ونعيمة وتامر بأعجوبة، ينعزل الثلاثي في مكان بعيد إلى أن يشفى وحيد من الإدمان في الوقت الذي يعتقد فيه القماش ومساعديه أن وحيد ونعيمة والطفل قد قتلوا في الحادث، يقوم القماش بعملية التهريب بكل ثقة بعد اعتقاده أن وحيد قد انتهى، فيظهر وحيد ويدخل في صراع مع القماش وعصابته إلى أن يقدمه مدان للعدالة، ينتهي الفيلم بزواج وحيد من نعيمة بعدما فشل في التحكم في مشاعره تجاهها وطفلها، فيقرر الارتباط بها للأبد.

طاقم التمثيل
 عادل إمام: (وحيد)
 آثار الحكيم: (نعيمة / ياسمين)
 أنور إسماعيل: (عبده القماش)
 عايدة عبد العزيز: (عدلات)
 ماهر عصام: (الطفل تامر)
 مصطفى متولي: (رمانة)
 إبراهيم الشرقاوي: (مطاوع)
 أحمد عقل: (الصول طلبة)
 يوسف داود: (اللواء حسني)
 فكري صادق: (ضابط)
 يوسف عيد: (سيد)
 سوزان صالح: (ياسمين المحتالة)
 رأفت راجي: (كمال)
 سامي عطايا: (طاهر المرسي)
 سيد صادق: (منصور)
 لو شان: (المهرب الصيني)
 عدوي غيث : (والد وحيد)
 هانم محمد : (والدة وحيد)
 هندية: (الراقصة)
 قاسم الدالي
 أحمد الشريف

فريق العمل
 إخراج: سمير سيف
 قصة وسيناريو وحوار: إبراهيم الموجي
 إنتاج: أفلام مصر العربية (واصف فايز)
 توزيع داخلي: أفلام مصر العربية (واصف فايز)
 توزيع خارجي: الشركة اللبنانية للتجارة والاستثمار السينمائي
 مونتاج: سلوى بكير
 موسيقى تصويرية: محمد سلطان
 مدير التصوير: عصام فريد

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

أفلام آثار الحكيم
أفلام حركة مصرية
أفلام دراما مصرية
أفلام عادل إمام
أفلام مصرية إنتاج 1987
أفلام عن ضباط شرطة
أفلام عايدة عبد العزيز
أفلام عن راقصات
أفلام أخرجها سمير سيف
أفلام مصطفى متولي
أفلام أحمد عقل

النمر والأنثى (فيلم)


Los Juegos Florales Hispanoamericanos son un certamen literario anual de poesía, novela y cuento (anteriormente también ensayo), organizado por la Comisión Permanente de Juegos Florales Hispanoamericanos y la Municipalidad de Quetzaltenango, Guatemala. La premiación se realiza cada 12 de septiembre en el Teatro Municipal de la ciudad.

Historia

Juegos Florales Nacionales
El año 1916 fueron organizados los Juegos Florales Nacionales por iniciativa del alcalde Manuel Sáenz Mérida, quien era acompañado del Dr. Ezequiel de León, los poetas Pío M. Ripiele, Osmundo Arriola y los escritores Lic. Filadelfo Fuentes, Jaime Sabartes, Br. Gregorio Aguilar y el Br. Ignacio Sáenz Ocaña. El nombre recibió la influencia de los juegos florales originarios de Europa, cuyos ganadores eran premiados, precisamente, con flores. El primer premio consistía en una "Palma de Oro", la cual fue adjudicada por primera vez a Osmundo Arriola con el poema Canto a Minerva.

El evento fue legalizado el 26 de julio de 1918 y era el punto culminante de las denominadas "Fiestas de Minerva" de inspiración liberal, que se celebraban en el mes de octubre durante el régimen de Manuel Estrada Cabrera y que tenían como temática la paz, la cultura y el progreso.

Con la caída del presidente Cabrera en 1920 los Juegos fueron suspendidos, pero se reiniciaron el siguiente año en el mes de septiembre durante la denominada "Feria Centroamericana de Independencia". Nuevas suspensiones acaecieron en 1922, 1924, 1925 y 1926, y entre 1929 y 1945. En estos años se registró el primer extranjero en ganar el evento, cuando en 1928 el salvadoreño Quino Caso resultó galardonado.

Desde el año 1946 se celebran sin interrupción, y también la ocasión es aprovechada para coronar a la "Reina de los Juegos".

Juegos florales hispanoamericanos
Los Juegos Florales alcanzaron un nivel Hispanoamericano desde 1984 en la rama de poesía. Con el aumento del número de participantes de otros países, se establecieron formalmente como Juegos Florales Hispanoamericanos desde 1999 en las ramas de poesía, cuento y teatro. Sin embargo, en algunas ocasiones han sido convocados en poesía, novela y cuento, y otras, las menos, incluso en ensayo.

Por otra parte, quienes ganaren los Juegos en tres ocasiones, se hacían acreedores de menciones honoríficas especiales: si es poeta recibía el grado de "Maestre del Gay Saber", y obtenía además el "Collar del poeta rector". Una vez adquirido el nombramiento, estaba impedido de volver a participar en otro certamen. Hasta el año 2011, dos han sido los favorecidos con este galardón en la rama de poesía: el guatemalteco Werner Ovalle López (1960), y el salvadoreño David Escobar Galindo (1983). Para las ramas de cuento y teatro los laureados reciben el grado de "Maestre de Narrativa" y "Maestre de Teatro" respectivamente, junto a una insignia especial. En cuento ganó tres veces, y fue declarado Maestre, el salvadoreño José María Méndez, en 1970, 1973 y 1976. En teatro también ganó tres veces el autor salvadoreño Carlos Velis: en 1998, en 1999 y en 2004.

Hasta la edición número 73 del año 2010, los ganadores de cada certamen recibían 25 mil quetzales en cada rama; en poesía se adjudicaba el premio "La Monja de Oro"; en cuento, la "Palma de Oro" y en Teatro, la "Máscara de Oro".

A partir del año 2012, la ramas premiadas serán las de poesía, novela y ensayo. Los ganadores se harán acreedores a la "Presea de Oro" y 25 mil quetzales; y el que haya sido premiado en tres ocasiones en la rama de poesía será reconocido como "Maestre en Gay Saber", y obtendrá el "Collar del Poeta Rector" y tendrá el impedimento de volver a participar en otro certamen; para novela y ensayo serán reconocidos como "Maestre en Narrativa" y "Maestre en Crítica", respectivamente, junto a una insignia especial.

Personas galardonadas

Referencias

Quetzaltenango (ciudad)
Premios de poesía
Premios literarios de Guatemala
Literatura de Guatemala

Juegos Florales Hispanoamericanos de Quetzaltenango


Das Literaturhaus Wien ist ein Zentrum für österreichische Gegenwartsliteratur.

Es wurde im Herbst 1991 in Wien, Neubau (7. Bezirk), Seidengasse 13, Ecke Zieglergasse, eröffnet.

Es beherbergt:
 die Dokumentationsstelle für neuere österreichische Literatur,
 die Interessengemeinschaft österreichischer Autorinnen und Autoren,
 die Interessengemeinschaft Übersetzerinnen Übersetzer und
 die Österreichische Exilbibliothek.

Weblinks
 Webpräsenz Literaturhaus Wien

Literatur (Wien)
Neubau (Wien)

Literaturhaus Wien


Northamptonshire County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Northamptonshire. Its limited overs team is called the Northants Steelbacks – a reference to the Northamptonshire Regiment which was formed in 1881. The name was supposedly a tribute to the soldiers' apparent indifference to the harsh discipline imposed by their officers. Founded in 1878, Northamptonshire (Northants) held minor status at first but was a prominent member of the early Minor Counties Championship during the 1890s. In 1905, the club joined the County Championship and was elevated to first-class status, since when the team have played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

The club plays the majority of its games at the County Cricket Ground, Northampton, but has used outlier grounds at Kettering, Wellingborough, Rushden and Peterborough (historically part of Northamptonshire, but currently governed with Cambridgeshire) in the past. It has also used grounds outside the county for one-day games: for example, at Luton, Tring and Milton Keynes.

During the 2022 season, Northamptonshire played in Division One of the County Championship. They also played in the North Division of the Royal London One-Day Cup and the North Division of the T20 Blast.

Honours and achievements

First XI: Honours/Achievements
County Championship (1905-1999)
 Runners-up (4):  1912, 1957, 1965, 1976

CC Division One (From 2000)
 Best placing - 6th: 2022

CC Division Two (From 2000)
 Winners (1) - 2000
Runners-up (3): 2003, 2013, 2019
NatWest t20 Blast
 Winners (2) – 2013, 2016
Runners-up (1): 2015
National League/Pro40
Division One
 Runners-up (1): 2006
Division Two
 Runners-up (1): 1999
 3rd place/promoted (1): 2003
NatWest Trophy
Winners (2) – 1976, 1992
Runners-up (5): 1979, 1981, 1987, 1990, 1995
Benson and Hedges Cup
Winners (1) – 1980
Runners-up (2): 1987, 1996
Minor Counties Championship
Winners (2) – 1903, 1904
Shared (2): 1899, 1900

Second XI: Honours
Second XI Championship
Winners (2) – 1960, 1998

Second XI Trophy
Winners (2) – 1986, 1998

Records

Most first-class runs for Northamptonshire
Qualification – 20,000 runs

Most first-class wickets for Northamptonshire
Qualification – 800 wickets

Team totals

Batting

Record partnership for each wicket

Bowling

Wicket-keeping

History

Earliest cricket
Cricket had probably reached Northamptonshire by the end of the 17th century and the first two references to cricket in the county are within a few days of each other in 1741. On Monday 10 August, there was a match at Woburn Park between a Bedfordshire XI and a combined Northants and Huntingdonshire XI.  Woburn Cricket Club under the leadership of the Duke of Bedford was on the point of becoming a well known club.  On Tuesday 18 August, a match played on the Cow Meadow near Northampton between two teams of amateurs from Northamptonshire and Buckinghamshire is the earliest known instance of cricket being played in Northamptonshire county.

Origin of club
On 31 July 1878, the official formation of Northants CCC took place at a meeting in the George Hotel, Kettering based on an existing organisation that dated back to 1820. The 1820 date, if it could be verified, would make Northants the oldest club in the present-day County Championship. The club came to prominence in the Minor Counties Championship during the 1890s as, between 1900 and 1904, the bowling of George Thompson and William East was much too good for almost all batsmen at that level. The county applied for first-class status in 1904 and was promoted the following year when it joined the County Championship. They played its inaugural first-class match versus Hampshire CCC at Southampton on 18, 19 & 20 May 1905 when making its County Championship debut.

Stepping up to first-class
Although Thompson and East proved themselves to be bowlers of high class, a weak batting line-up meant that the team remained close to the bottom of the championship table until Sydney Smith arrived in 1909. After three years in the middle of the table, Northants surprisingly improved to finish second in 1912 and fourth in 1913. Thompson, Smith and William "Bumper" Wells formed one of the strongest attacks in county cricket at the time, whilst Smith and Haywood were the county's best batsmen.

Thompson and Smith finished playing after World War I and, during the inter-war period, Northamptonshire were regularly one of the weaker championship sides. This was exacerbated when Vallance Jupp declined due to age and, despite the arrival of Nobby Clark, a young left arm fast bowler from Huntingdonshire  who burst onto the scene at the age of 20 in 1922 with 20 wickets at an average of 17.10 and Fred Bakewell, an exciting batsman who regularly exceeded 1000 runs a season,  Northamptonshire could only finish above second from last four times between 1923 and 1948, finishing last every year from 1934 to 1938 and enduring a run of 99 matches from 14 May 1935 to 29 May 1939 without a single championship victory, a record that has never been beaten and doesn't look like being beaten in the future. Things got worse for Northamptonshire during this time when Bakewell's career ended due to a broken arm in a car crash that also resulted in the fatality of teammate, Reginald Northway.

The post-war recovery
After the Second World War, things could only get better for Northamptonshire and they started by recruiting widely from other counties and countries, bringing in Freddie Brown from Surrey; the Australians Jock Livingston, George Tribe and Jack Manning; the New Zealander Peter Arnold; and the Cambridge University opening bat and leg-spinner Raman Subba Row. Brown joined as captain in 1949, and led the team to six place in his first season after previous years of disappointment. Under the new leadership of Dennis Brookes (a stalwart batsman for over 20 years), finished second in 1957, their best finish for 45 years. This was mainly due to the bowling attack of Frank Tyson, Vincent Broderick, Michael Allen, George Tribe and Manning. Northamptonshire were widely considered the best team in England in the late 1950s and early 1960s, during this time Keith Andrew, Northants best ever Wicket-keeper broke the records of most victims in an innings and a season.

Subsequently, the club has seen mixed fortunes.  The club has had intermittent success in one-day competitions, but it has still not won the County Championship, although second place was achieved in each of 1957, 1965 and 1976. Nonetheless, it has included several famous players qualified for England, including the South African-born batsman Allan Lamb; fast bowler David Larter; the hard hitting opener Colin Milburn, whose career was cut tragically short by an eye injury sustained in a car crash; the reliable batsmen David Steele and Rob Bailey; opening batsman Wayne Larkins; and all-rounders Peter Willey and David Capel.

Several notable overseas players such as Matthew Hayden, Curtly Ambrose, André Nel, Kapil Dev, Mike Hussey, Sarfraz Nawaz, Mushtaq Mohammad, Anil Kumble, Dennis Lillee and Bishen Bedi have starred for the club, which was particularly formidable as a one-day batting outfit in the late 1970s and early 1980s. More recently, Lance Klusener and Monty Panesar have been notable players.

Northants have recently been criticised for the number of Kolpak players in the team, but for the 2009 season there were only three in Andrew Hall, Johan van der Wath and Nicky Boje, and only one in 2013 in Hall.

Ground history

As with all county cricket clubs, Northamptonshire CCC represents the historic county and not any modern or current administrative unit. In Northamptonshire's case, this means the county of Northamptonshire and the Town of Northampton, although the club have in the past played some home matches outside the historic borders such as in Luton and Milton Keynes.

Northamptonshire first played at the county ground in Northampton in 1905, and continue to do so till this day even though Northampton Town F.C. shared the ground up until 1994 when the Cobblers moved to Sixfields Stadium. After the football club moved, the ground at the Abington Avenue was demolished and replaced by a new indoor school which includes seating looking on to the ground. In 2009, Northants cricket announced plans to improve the ground by building two new stands on the scoreboard side of the ground, there will also be a permanent commentary box with a view to have a 'mini Lord's' style media centre.

This following table gives details of every venue at which Northamptonshire have hosted a first-class, List A or Twenty20 cricket match:

Current officials
 President: The Rt Hon. the Lord Naseby
 Chairman: Gavin Warren
 Chief Executive: Ray Payne
 Scorer: Tony Kingston
 Head Groundsman: Craig Harvey

Coaching staff
 Head coach: John Sadler
 Assistant coach Chris Liddle
 Academy director Kevin Innes
 Batting Coach: Ben Smith
 Bowling Coach: Chris Liddle
 Performance coach/Fielding & 2nd XI Coach: Graeme White
 Performance Cricket Coach: James Maby
 Head physiotherapist/Science & Medicine Lead Coach: TBA
 Head Strength& Conditioning Coach: Chris Lorkin

Players

Current squad
The Northamptonshire squad for the 2023 season consists of (this section could change as players are released or signed):
 No. denotes the player's squad number, as worn on the back of their shirt.
  denotes players with international caps.
  denotes a player who has been awarded a county cap.

Notable players
This list is compiled of international cricketers who have played Test and/or ODI cricket. It also includes players who have been mentioned in the '100 Greats: Northamptonshire County Cricket Club' book. Therefore, making them notable to the county and international cricket scene.

England
 Usman Afzaal
 Michael Allen
 Keith Andrew
 Rob Bailey
 Fred Bakewell
 Desmond Barrick
 Bill Barron
 Benjamin Bellamy
 Robin Boyd-Moss
 Vincent Broderick
 Dennis Brookes
 Freddie Brown
 David Capel
 Bob Carter
 Nobby Clark
 Geoff Cook
 Nick Cook
 Bob Cottam
 Brian Crump
 Ben Duckett
 John Dye
 John Emburey
 Alan Fordham
 Frederick Jakeman
 Vallance Jupp
 Allan Lamb
 Wayne Larkins
 David Larter
 Albert Lightfoot
 Mal Loye
 Devon Malcolm
 Neil Mallender
 Austin Matthews
 Colin Milburn
 John Murdin
 Buddy Oldfield
 Monty Panesar
 Tony Penberthy
 Roger Prideaux
 David Ripley
 David Sales
 George Sharp
 Sydney Smith
 David Steele
 Raman Subba Row
 Haydn Sully
 Graeme Swann
 Paul Taylor
 Albert Thomas
 George Thompson
 John Timms
 Frank Tyson
 Roy Virgin
 Fanny Walden
 David Willey
 Peter Willey
 Claud Woolley

Australia
 Trent Copeland
 Ian Harvey
 Matthew Hayden
 Mike Hussey
 Phil Jaques
 Dennis Lillee
 Jock Livingston
 Martin Love
 Chris Lynn

 Matthew Nicholson
 Chris Rogers
 George Tribe
 Cameron White

South Africa
 Hylton Ackerman
 Nicky Boje
 Johan Botha
 Andrew Hall
 Richard Levi
 Johann Louw
 Rory Kleinveldt
 Lance Klusener
 André Nel
 Johan van der Wath
 Martin van Jaarsveld

India
 Bishan Bedi
 Kapil Dev
 Sourav Ganguly
 Anil Kumble

Pakistan
 Shahid Afridi
 Mohammad Akram
 Mushtaq Mohammad
 Sarfraz Nawaz

West Indies
 Curtly Ambrose
 Winston Davis
 Roger Harper

New Zealand
 Peter Arnold
 Ken James
 James Neesham
 Lou Vincent

Zimbabwe
 Elton Chigumbura
 Kevin Curran
 Blessing Muzarabani

Ireland
 Niall O'Brien

Sri Lanka
 Seekkuge Prasanna
 Chaminda Vaas

Scotland
 David Murphy
 Tom Sole

County captains
A complete list of officially appointed Northamptonshire captains can be found here: List of Northamptonshire cricket captains.

Notable captains:

 Freddie Brown (1949–1953)
 Dennis Brookes (1954–1957)
 Raman Subba Row (1958–1961)
 Keith Andrew (1962–1966)
 Mushtaq Mohammad (1976–1977)
 Allan Lamb (1989–1995)
 Matthew Hayden (1999–2000)
 Mike Hussey (2002–2003)
 Will Young (2022)

County caps
Northamptonshire do not automatically award caps to players on their first appearance; instead, they have to be 'earned' through good performances. In recent times, cricketers who are awarded a county cap are given a new cap with yellow stripes on the maroon instead of a plain maroon cap. The following players have received caps:

1946: W Barron, P.E Murray-Willis
1947: V Broderick, A.W Childs-Clarke, C.B Clarke, K Fiddling, J Webster
1948: A.E Nutter, N Oldfield
1949: F.R Brown, R.W Clarke, R.G Garlick
1950: L Livingston
1951: F Jakeman
1952: D.W Barrick, G.E Tribe
1953: E Davis
1954: K.V Andrew, S Starkie, F.H Tyson
1955: A.P Arnold, R Subba Row
1956: J.S Manning, B.L Reynolds
1957: M.H.J Allen
1960: L.A Johnson, M.E.J.C Norman
1961: J.D.F Larter, A Lightfoot
1962: B.S Crump, R.M Prideaux, P.D Watts, P.J Watts
1963: C Milburn
1964: M.E Scott
1965: D.S Steele
1966: H Sully
1967: Mushtaq Mohammad
1969: H.M Ackerman
1971: P Willey
1972: B.S Bedi, R.M.H Cottam, J.C.J Dye
1973: G Sharp
1974: R.T Virgin
1975: G Cook, Sarfraz Nawaz
1976: A Hodgson, W Larkins
1978: B.J Griffiths, A.J Lamb, T.M Lamb, T.J Yardley
1979: R.G Williams
1984: R.J Boyd-Moss, N.A Mallender
1985: R.J Bailey
1986: D.J Capel, R.A Harper, D.J Wild
1987: N.G.B Cook, W.W Davis, D Ripley, A Walker
1990: C.E.L Ambrose, N.A Felton, A Fordham, M.A Robinson
1991: J.G Thomas
1992: K.M Curran, J.P Taylor
1994: M.B Loye, A.L Penberthy
1995: A Kumble, R.R Montgomerie, R.J Warren
1999: M.L Hayden, D.E Malcolm, D.J.G Sales, G.P Swann
2000: J.F Brown, D.M Cousins
2001: M.E.K Hussey
2003: T.M.B Bailey, J.W Cook, P.A Jaques, A Nel
2005: U Afzaal, B.J Phillips
2006: L Klusener, M.S Panesar
2007: S.D Peters
2008: R.A White, N Boje
2009: J.J van der Wath, A.J Hall, D.S Lucas
2011: J.D Middlebrook, N.J O'Brien, W.P.J.U.C Vaas
2012: J.A Brooks, A.G Wakely
2013: K.J Coetzer, S.P Crook, D.J Willey
2015: M Azharullah
2016: R.K Kleinveldt, B.M Duckett
2017: R.I Newton, R.E Levi, D Murphy
2018: J.J Cobb, B.W Sanderson
2019: R.I Keogh, A.M Rossington
2020: L.A Procter
2021: R.S Vasconcelos

Notes

References

Bibliography

Further reading
H S Altham, A History of Cricket, Volume 1 (to 1914), George Allen & Unwin, 1962
Derek Birley, A Social History of English Cricket, Aurum, 1999
Rowland Bowen, Cricket: A History of its Growth and Development, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1970
Matthew Engel and Andrew Radd, The History of Northamptonshire CCC (County Cricket History), Christopher Helm Publishers Ltd, 1993,
H T Waghorn, Cricket Scores, Notes, etc. (1730–1773), Blackwood, 1899
Roy Webber, The Playfair Book of Cricket Records, Playfair Books, 1951
Playfair Cricket Annual – various editions
Wisden Cricketers' Almanack – various editions

External links

BBC Sport
Sky Sports
Cricinfo
ECB

English first-class cricket teams
Cricket in Northamptonshire
History of Northamptonshire
Cricket clubs established in 1878
1878 establishments in England

Northamptonshire County Cricket Club


Edward Shearmur (n. 28 de febrero de 1966; Londres, Reino Unido), también acreditado como Ed Shearmur, es un compositor inglés de bandas sonoras de películas. Ganador del Premio Emmy en 2006. Ha trabajado en la banda sonora de películas como Crueles intenciones (1999), Miss Congeniality (2000), The Sweetest Thing (2002), The Skeleton Key (2005) o Abduction (2011), entre otras.

Biografía
Edward Shearmur nació el 28 de febrero de 1966 en Londres, Reino Unido. Empezó a la edad de siete años a cantar en el coro de la Westminster Abbey. También estudió en la Royal College of Music. En 2004 fue nominado como «mejor compositor del año» por la International Film Music Critics Association. En el año 2005 fue invitado a formar parte de la Academia de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas.

Filmografía parcial

Premios
Premios Emmy

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Ed Shearmur en Box Office Mojo

Ganadores del Premio Emmy
Compositores de Inglaterra
Compositores de bandas sonoras del Reino Unido
Músicos de Londres
Alumnos del Colegio Eton
Alumnado del Pembroke College (Cambridge)
Nacidos en Londres

Ed Shearmur