Broderick Stephen Harvey Sr. (born January 17, 1957) is an American television host, producer, actor, and comedian. He hosts The Steve Harvey Morning Show, Family Feud, Celebrity Family Feud, Family Feud Africa, the arbitration-based court comedy Judge Steve Harvey, and he formerly hosted the Miss Universe competition. His accomplishments include seven Daytime Emmy Awards, two Marconi Awards, and fourteen NAACP Image Awards.

Harvey began his career as a stand-up comedian in the early 1980s, and later hosted Showtime at the Apollo and starred in the television sitcom The Steve Harvey Show on The WB. In 2000, he was featured in The Original Kings of Comedy after starring in the Kings of Comedy Tour. His last standup show was in 2012. Additionally, Harvey is the host of both Family Feud and Celebrity Family Feud, holding this role since 2010. He also hosted Little Big Shots, Little Big Shots Forever Young, and Steve Harvey's Funderdome.

As an author, he has written four books, including his bestseller Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man, which was published in March 2009. In 2017, Harvey founded Steve Harvey Global, an entertainment company that houses his production company East 112 and various other ventures. He launched an African version of Family Feud and also invested in the HDNet takeover along with Anthem Sports and Entertainment. He and his wife Marjorie are the founders of The Steve and Marjorie Harvey Foundation, a nonprofit organization focused on youth education.

Early life
Steve Harvey was born as Broderick Stephen Harvey on January 17, 1957, in Welch, West Virginia, and is the son of Jesse Harvey, a coal miner, and Eloise Vera. His first name is Broderick, named after actor Broderick Crawford of the TV series Highway Patrol. Harvey had a severe stuttering problem as a child, which he eventually overcame. Harvey's family moved to Cleveland, Ohio, living on East 112th Street, which was renamed Steve Harvey Way in 2015. He graduated from Glenville High School in 1974.

Shortly after high school, he attended Kent State University and West Virginia University and is a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity but never graduated. While Harvey has talked about overcoming his early life and educational obstacles, he later conceded, "It really threw my life into a downward spiral, and I regret not getting that degree."

Career

Early career and comedy

Harvey has been a boxer, an autoworker, an insurance salesman, a carpet cleaner, and a mail carrier. He first performed stand-up comedy on October 8, 1985, at the Hilarities Comedy Club in Cleveland, Ohio. In the late 1980s, Harvey was homeless for three years. He slept in his 1976 Ford when not performing gigs that provided a hotel, and he showered at gas stations or swimming pool showers. Rich and Becky Liss helped Harvey during this time with a contract for carpet cleaning and credit at a travel agency.

1990–2009; Move to television and film

Harvey was a finalist in the Second Annual Johnnie Walker National Comedy Search performing on April 16, 1990, eventually leading to a long stint as host of It's Showtime at the Apollo, succeeding Mark Curry in that role. His success as a stand-up comedian led to a starring role on the short-lived ABC series Me and the Boys in 1994. He would later star on the WB network show The Steve Harvey Show, which ran from 1996 to 2002. While popular, the show never achieved critical acclaim outside of the African-American community.

In 1997, Harvey continued his work in stand-up comedy, performing on the Kings of Comedy tour along with Cedric the Entertainer, D.L. Hughley, and Bernie Mac. The tour became the highest grossing comedy tour in history, grossing $18 million its first year and $19 million its second. The comedy act would later be put together into a film by Spike Lee called The Original Kings of Comedy. That title was also used as the name of his comedy and variety television show (later renamed Steve Harvey's Big Time Challenge), which aired on The WB network from 2003 until 2005.

Harvey is the host of The Steve Harvey Morning Show, a weekday morning radio program he has hosted since 2000. It was originally syndicated through Radio One Inc. from September 2000 until May 2005. As of 2019, the show is syndicated through the United States.

He appeared in the 2003 movie The Fighting Temptations alongside Cuba Gooding Jr. and Beyoncé Knowles. The same year he played the role of Clarence Johnson in the film Love Don't Cost a Thing. In 2004 he had roles in the films Johnson Family Vacation and You Got Served; and, in 2005, he co-starred in the movie Racing Stripes as the voice of Buzz.

In 2006, Harvey released the stand-up special Steve Harvey: Don't Trip... He Ain't Through with Me Yet directed by Leslie Small. The special was filmed at MegaFest with Harvey not using profanity during the show. Harvey hosted the Disney Dreamers Academy, a teen-focused personal and professional enrichment event that took place January 17–20, 2008, at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida.

Harvey released the book Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man in 2009. The book is about how men think about women and relationships. Based on the book, the 2012 film Think Like a Man is an ensemble romantic comedy depicting characters taking advice on dating from the book. The hardcover version spent 64 weeks on The New York Times best-seller list, 23 of those weeks at No. 1.

2010–2016; Family Feud and other ventures

Harvey began hosting Family Feud in September 2010. The show has seen improved ratings under Harvey, and he holds the longest tenure of any Feud host. Harvey also hosts Celebrity Family Feud, where celebrities compete for a chance to donate up to $25,000 to their favorite charity. The show airs during the summer on ABC.

In August 2011, on his radio show, Harvey called Cornel West and Tavis Smiley "Uncle Toms" because of their criticism of President Barack Obama. Harvey later apologized for using the phrase but maintained his criticism of West and Smiley.

On August 2, 2012, Harvey performed his final stand-up act at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, ending a 27-year career as a stand-up comedian. The two-hour performance was broadcast live on pay-per-view.  The same year, Harvey debuted a self-titled syndicated talk show produced by Endemol and distributed by NBCUniversal Television Distribution at the NBC Tower in Chicago.

In 2013, Harvey became the first double host nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award, receiving nominations for both Outstanding Talk Show Host and Outstanding Game Show Host. He was also honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The following year, Harvey launched a new dating website called Delightful. It is a joint venture with IAC with Harvey supplying articles and videos for the site.

In December 2015, Harvey hosted the Miss Universe 2015 pageant in Las Vegas. Upon announcing the final results, he mistakenly named the first runner-up, Miss Colombia (Ariadna Gutiérrez) as the winner. A few minutes after she was crowned, Harvey announced that he had read the results incorrectly and that Miss Philippines (Pia Wurtzbach) was the new Miss Universe. He apologized to Wurtzbach outside the venue and later tweeted an apology to both contestants. Harvey also hosted the Miss Universe 2016 pageant in the Philippines on January 30, 2017, telling the Miss Universe Organization that he wanted to personally apologize to the Filipinos for the incident that occurred in the last Miss Universe pageant he hosted. He returned as host for the Miss Universe 2017 pageant in Las Vegas on November 26, 2017, the Miss Universe 2018 pageant in Thailand on December 17, 2018, the Miss Universe 2019 pageant on December 8, 2019 in Atlanta, Georgia, and the Miss Universe 2021 pageant in Israel on December 13, 2021.

In January 2016, Harvey gave a motivational speech to audience members after the taping of an episode of Family Feud. The theme of the speech was for people to embrace the skills they were born with. He references embracing the gifts with jumping from a cliff and relying on the parachute (those gifts) to help you. The speech was the motivation for the book Leap: Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance, published by Harvey in 2016.

In October 2016, it was announced that Harvey would host two revival specials of Showtime at the Apollo for Fox. In November 2016, the Steve Harvey talk show was cancelled, and it was announced that Harvey had reached a deal with IMG to produce a new syndicated talk show in Los Angeles with NBCUniversal. The new series, Steve, premiered in September 2017, and was described as having more of a celebrity- and comedy-oriented format with a larger amount of creative control held by Harvey, as opposed to the previous program's larger focus on human interest subjects. To facilitate the new series, production of Harvey's radio show and Family Feud were relocated to L.A.

Harvey is the co-creator of Little Big Shots, a series launched in 2016; executive producers are Harvey and Ellen DeGeneres. The series features children demonstrating talents and engaging in conversation with Harvey. He hosted the show until 2019.

2017–present; Steve Harvey Global

Harvey united all of his businesses under Steve Harvey Global (SHG) in 2017. Brands under SHG include East One Twelve, Harvey's in-house production company that is used to develop digital content, films, and television. The company also owns the rights for international versions of Family Feud, of which an African version of the show was announced to begin in 2020. He also launched the Sand and Soul Festival in 2017. The event has been held yearly and features live music, comedy, and a question and answers session with Harvey and his wife Marjorie. He also launched Harvey Events, a special events company led by his daughter Morgan Hawthorne and son-in-law Kareem Hawthorne. It has produced events such as the FroRibbean Fest in Atlanta in 2018.

In 2017, Harvey began hosting a New Year's Eve special from Times Square for Fox (which, like his talk show, would be produced in partnership with IMG). Two days before the broadcast, Harvey was ordained in the state of New York so he could officiate an on-air wedding between Keven Undergaro and Maria Menounos during the special. The special was Fox's most-watched New Year's Eve broadcast to date.

In January 2017, Steve Harvey made jokes on Steve Harvey about Asian men, ridiculing the idea that any white or black woman would want to date one. "Excuse me, do you like Asian men?" he said, "No, thank you." He went on to add, "I don't even like Chinese food." The remarks were met with criticism from Asian Americans, including New York politicians and Fresh Off the Boat author Eddie Huang. For instance, Huang remarked about Harvey's hypocrisy in speaking about issues facing the black community while denigrating Asians. Harvey apologized on his talk show and Twitter, saying: "I offer my humblest apology for offending anyone, particularly those in the Asian community. … It was not my intention, and the humor was not meant with any malice or disrespect whatsoever." However, he also earlier said, "I ain't been laughing that much over the past few days. They're kinda beating me up on the internet right now for no reason. But, you know, that's life, ain't it?"

In response to a caller from Flint, Michigan, who insulted the Cleveland Cavaliers after their loss to the Golden State Warriors, Harvey, a Cavaliers fan, told the caller to "go have yourself a nice glass of brown water!" in reference to the city's water crisis. The joke was criticized by, among others, Amariyanna Copeny and Flint Mayor Karen Weaver, who demanded a public apology. Harvey responded by saying, "The caller and I were talking trash about our teams and cities. Simply trash talking about sports. I made a joke directed at him, as he is from Flint, a city for which I have great affection and respect. So much so that I devoted a full hour on my daytime talk show to raising awareness for the Flint water crisis. … The caller laughed, as my joke was taken in the context it was offered."

At the end of 2018, it was announced that Harvey would be the host of the 8th annual NFL Honors. According to Harvey, he had wanted to host the honors for a while, going as far as to say in his opening monologue "What took y'all so long to ask me to host the show?" He returned to host the 9th annual show the following season.

In 2019, Harvey announced the launch of a learning hub called Vault. He also spoke at the first Vault conference held in Los Angeles. He also invested in the takeover of HDNet along with Anthem Sports & Entertainment.

In January 2022, Harvey began hosting the arbitration-based court comedy Judge Steve Harvey on ABC.

On International Day of Happiness 2022, Harvey (on behalf of the United States and the Vatican pavilions) held a talk in Dubai during Expo 2020 to discuss about the relations between happiness and religion.

Philanthropy

Harvey is the founder of the Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation, a philanthropic organization that provides youth outreach services. The foundation hosts a yearly camp for fatherless children and also partnered with Kent State University to provide scholarships to the school. Harvey is also a partner with Walt Disney World Resort and Essence for the Disney Dreamers Academy, a yearly workshop at Walt Disney World for 100 students.

During the 2022 Halloween Thriller Night hosted by the Heal Los Angeles Foundation, Harvey and Chris Tucker were honored and received the inaugural "Man in The Mirror" Award. The award is given to influential individuals using their platforms for good. Harvey accepted the award that was presented by Prince Jackson, son of Michael Jackson.

Personal life
Harvey has been married three times and has seven children (four biological children and three stepchildren). From his first marriage, to Marcia Harvey, he has two daughters (twins Brandi and Karli) and one son (Broderick Harvey Jr.). From his second marriage, to Mary Shackelford, Harvey has another son named Wynton. The couple divorced in November 2005. In 2011, Collin County, Texas-based 199th District Court Judge Robert Dry expressed concern about Mary Harvey spreading false information about the divorce, with the judge suggesting that she had not been left materially destitute.

In June 2007, Harvey married Marjorie Bridges, who he says is responsible for making him a better man and changing his life. Marjorie Harvey is mother to three children (Morgan, Jason, and Lori), all of whom Steve adopted. Steve and Marjorie have five grandchildren: three through Jason's marriage to his wife Amanda, one through Morgan's marriage to her husband Kareem, and one through Karli's marriage to husband Ben. Through 2017, Harvey and his family divided their time between Atlanta, where his radio show was broadcast and Family Feud was recorded, and Chicago, where he hosted his talk show for NBCUniversal from the company's Chicago studios, although he would host his radio show there as well. In 2018, Harvey moved his talk show, radio show, and Family Feud to Los Angeles.

In January 2017, Harvey was met with criticism for his decision to meet with then-President-elect Donald Trump. He defended his decision, citing that it would help spark positive changes.

Harvey is a Christian, and has attributed his success to his faith in God. He reports that he has followed a vegan diet for health reasons and has presented the rationale for his diet on his TV program.

Written works

 2009, Act Like a Lady, Think Like a Man
 2010, Straight Talk, No Chaser
 2014, Act Like a Success
 2016, Jump, Take the Leap of Faith to Achieve Your Life of Abundance

Filmography

Television

Film

Internet streaming

Awards and honors

Emmy Awards
 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud
 2014: Daytime Emmy Award for Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey)
 2015: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Informative (as host/executive producer of Steve Harvey)
 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve Harvey
 2017: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud
 2018: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informative Talk Show Host – Steve
 2022: Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host – Family Feud

NAACP Image Awards
 Four-time winner: Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series (1999, 2000, 2001, 2002)
 Three-time winner: Outstanding Comedy Series (as executive producer/star of The Steve Harvey Show – 2000, 2001, 2002)
 2001: Entertainer of the Year
 Three-time winner: Outstanding News/Talk/Info Series (as executive producer/host of Steve Harvey – 2014, 2015, 2017)
 2015: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information
 2016: Outstanding Host – Talk/Reality/Variety/News/Information
 2016: Outstanding Variety Series/Special (as host of Family Feud)

Radio
 2007: Syndicated Personality/Show of the Year – Radio & Records magazine
 2013: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year
 2015: Marconi Award winner – Network/Syndicated Personality of the Year

Television
 2013: Favorite New Talk Show Host – 39th People's Choice Awards

Organizational
 2011: BET Humanitarian Award – 2011 BET Awards

Halls of Fame
 2013: Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
 2014: NAB Broadcasting Hall of Fame inductee (Radio)

State/local
 2015: East 112th Street in Cleveland renamed Steve Harvey Way

Honorary degrees
 2016: Honorary Doctorate Degree Received at Alabama State University in Montgomery, Alabama

References

External links

 The Steve & Marjorie Harvey Foundation

1957 births
Living people
20th-century American comedians
20th-century American male actors
20th-century American writers
20th-century Christians
21st-century American comedians
21st-century American male actors
21st-century American writers
21st-century Christians
African-American Christians
American Christians
African-American game show hosts
American game show hosts
African-American male actors
African-American male comedians
American male comedians
African-American radio personalities
African-American stand-up comedians
American stand-up comedians
African-American television personalities
African-American television producers
Television producers from California
African-American television talk show hosts
American television talk show hosts
African-American writers
American male film actors
American male television actors
Beauty pageant hosts
Comedians from Ohio
Critics of atheism
Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners
Glenville High School alumni
Island Records artists
Kent State University alumni
Male actors from West Virginia
People from Welch, West Virginia
Radio personalities from Atlanta
Radio personalities from Chicago
Radio personalities from Dallas
Radio personalities from Los Angeles
Radio personalities from West Virginia
Television personalities from Cleveland
Television personalities from West Virginia
West Virginia University alumni
Writers from West Virginia
Comedians from West Virginia
20th-century American male writers
Television producers from West Virginia
Television producers from Illinois
Television producers from Texas
Film producers from California
Film producers from Illinois
Film producers from Texas
Film producers from Ohio
Comedians from California
Comedians from Illinois

Steve Harvey


HMS Brave was a Type 22 frigate of the Royal Navy. She was built by Yarrow Shipbuilders Ltd, Glasgow, Scotland and launched on 19 November 1983. Brave was decommissioned on 23 March 1999 and was expended as a target in August 2004 by the submarine  and frigate .

First commission and trials
Brave cost some £250m to build and spent most of her first commission (1985–1987) as a trials ship. She achieved various firsts in her weapons and communications fit.  Thus, from 1985–1987, Brave had a number of civilian military contractors' personnel embarked and Commander Coyote, the Seawolf trials mascot, became a familiar figure on board.  She had a reputation as a "happy ship".  It was not until the autumn of 1987 that she undertook Basic Operational Sea Training at Portland and joined the fleet as a fully worked-up unit and she became leader of the 9th Frigate Squadron.

Programme
Her programme from 1986 to 1987 included visits to Lowestoft, Gibraltar, Funchal, Madeira, Porto, London – alongside HMS Belfast in December 1986, Newcastle upon Tyne, Alicante and Torquay. In 1989 the ship was deployed to SE Asia and participated in exercises in the Gulf of Thailand with the navies of Australia (HMAS Darwin FFG04), Malaysia, New Zealand and Singapore.  In January 1991 she was deployed to active service in the Gulf war. Whilst there she acted as the flagship for the Senior Naval Officer Middle East (SNOMI) commander of the sea-based task force. Her duties included providing anti-missile defense for US aircraft carriers and battleships, sonar tasks and mine watching. On a couple of occasions she came close to mines which had been dispatched by the Iraq military. Her main task during normal service was sonar patrols and between 1990 and 1992 carried out many successful patrols of the waters around the UK.

Affiliations
She was at first affiliated to Waveney District and the port of Lowestoft, Suffolk; this followed from the last ship of the name's Second World War association with the Suffolk town of Beccles.  Other associations included the Royal Irish Rangers, the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers, the Algerines Association, and Sea Cadet and Combined Cadet Force units.  She had also forged a liaison with the Mohawk Indians in Canada. TS Mohawk. Her final affiliation was with the town of Dover in 1996.

References

Publications

1983 ships
Type 22 frigates of the Royal Navy

HMS Brave (F94)


En la cultura tradicional de las Islas Salomón, las antiguas costumbres se transmiten de una generación a otra, al parecer de los espíritus ancestrales de sí mismos, para formar los valores culturales de los habitantes de las islas. Culturalmente, las Islas Salomón son parte de Melanesia, y los pueblos indígenas son los melanesios.

Actualmente en las Islas Salomón, como en otras partes de Melanesia, el kastom es el núcleo de afirmación de los valores tradicionales y prácticas culturales en un contexto moderno. La Kastom Gaden Association, por ejemplo, son defensores y fomentadores de cultivar y comer los alimentos tradicionales en lugar de los importados.

Idiomas
Hay por lo menos 6 idiomas en las Islas Salomón, contando inglés y el pijin.

Personajes notables
Las figuras notables de la cultura contemporánea de las Islas Salomón incluyen al pintor Ake Lianga y al músico Sharzy. Entre los escritores se incluyen a John Saunana y Kulagoe Celo.

Véase también
 Música de las Islas Salomón
 Literatura de las Islas Salomón
 Religión en las Islas Salomón
 Deporte en las Islas Salomón

Referencias

Cultura de las Islas Salomón


Peter Thomsen (født 11. februar 1781 i Treya, død 19. eller 20. februar 1839 i Tønning) var en slesvigsk embedsmand.

Han var borgmester i Tønning, blev overretsråd og dommer på Gottorp og blev i 1831 deputeret i Tyske Kancelli, hvilket han var til 1839. Han blev etatsråd i 1820.

Han var gift med Christina Sophia Augusta Bentzen (21. juli 1782 – 28. marts 1862) og var far til Adolph Theodor Thomsen-Oldenswort

Noter

Kilder
 Den danske civile Centraladministrations Embedsetat 1660-1848, København: Bianco Luno 1889, s. 138.
 Personalhistorisk Tidsskrift (1942–1943), s. 215.
 Christian Paulsen, Flensborgeren: Professor Christian Paulsens Dagbøger, København: Gyldendalske Boghandel Nordisk Forlag 1946, s. 428.

Kollegiedeputerede fra Danmark
Etatsråder fra Danmark
Danskere i 1800-tallet
Jurister fra Tyskland

Peter Thomsen (kollegiedeputeret)


was a town located in Kume District, Okayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,382 and a density of 40.75 persons per km2. The total area was 82.99 km2.

On March 22, 2005, Asahi, along with the towns of Chūō and Yanahara (all from Kume District), was merged to create the town of Misaki.

Dissolved municipalities of Okayama Prefecture

Asahi, Okayama


Der Begriff Emstal bezeichnet
 den früheren Namen von Bad Emstal, einer Gemeinde im Landkreis Kassel (Hessen).
 einen Ortsteil der Gemeinde Kloster Lehnin im Landkreis Potsdam-Mittelmark (Brandenburg); siehe Emstal (Kloster Lehnin)

Emstal


الرامة هي قرية لبنانية تقع تقع قرية الرامة في وادي خالد بنهاية السفح الشمالي لسلسلة جبال لبنان الغربية، ويبلغ ارتفاعها عن سطح البحر في أعلى نقطة حوالي 600 مترا عن سطح البحر. تشتهر قرية الرامة بأشجار الزيتون وبزيتها الصافي، حيث تنتشر حولها كروم الزيتون التي تعود لسنين بعيدة.

يرجع تسمية القرية إلى لفظ رامة وهي كلمة ة عربية أصيلة تعني موقع تجمع المياه. بينما يرجح الآخرون سبب تسمية القريج بهذا الاسم إلى العبرية والتي تعني المرتفع أو الهضبة.

قرى لبنان
وادي خالد

الرامة (عكار)


පෙන්ටියම් 4 වර්ගය ඉන්ටෙල් සමාගමෙහි තනි-මධ්‍ය පෙළපතෙහි වැඩතල සහ ලැප්ටොප් පරිගණක මධ්‍යම සැකසුම් ඒකක (CPU) තුලට යොමු කරනු ලබයි. මෙම වර්ගය 2000 නොවැම්බර් මස 20 වැනි දින හඳුන්වා දී ඇති අතර 2008 අගෝස්තු මස 8 වැනි දින නැව්ගත කර ඇත. 1998 හදුන්වාදුන්  පෙන්ටියම් 3 ප්‍රොසෙසරය යට පසු පැමිනි මෙය ට්‍රාන්සිස්ටර 360000000 කින් සමන්විත විය.පසුව 2002 දි පෙන්ටියම් 4 HT ප්‍රොසෙසරය හදුන්වාදුන් අතර එහි වේගය එකල ආශ්චර්වයක් සේ පිලිගැනිනි.2005 දී ඉන්ටෙල් ඩුවෙල් කෝර් ප්‍රොසෙසරය පැමිනෙන තුරු මෙය ලොව වේගවත්ම ප්‍රොසෙසරය බවට පත්වී තිබුනි.   2002-2005 දක්වා සුපිරි පරිගණක සදහාද බාවිතා කරන ලද්දේ පෙන්ටියම් 4 HT ප්‍රොසෙසරයයි ]].

පෙන්ටියම් 4


Nekropola sa stećcima u Drijenči, lokalitet Grobljice je povijesno područje, srednjovjekovna nekropola stećaka u Drijenči, na lokalitetu Grobljice. Na nekropoli je 28 stećaka na kojima su grubo uklesani znakovi križa, mača ili polumjeseca, kruga i spirale, a koja se nalazi na kosi iznad Perivoja.
Nekropola je oko 700 m južno od zaseoka Perivoj, na kosi iznad Perivoja na lokalitetu Grobljice, pokraj puta, Stećci su u obliku stubova. Odnosno su manjih dimenzija i obrada je uglavnom dobra. Većina stećaka je okrnjena i prevaljena. Usmjereni su u pravcu zapad - istok. Od 28 primjeraka, deset je ukrašeno rečenim znakovima križa, mača, polumjeseca, kruga i spirale. Starija literatura (Starinar, 1888.)spominje jedan natpis iz Drijenče koji se odnosi na nekog Ivana i pisara Mihajla, no u istraživanjima poslije nije nađen.

Izvori

Nekropole sa stećcima u Bosni i Hercegovini
Drijenča


Mharessa Fernanda Oliveira (Itabirinha, 19 de abril de 2002) é uma atriz, cantora e dubladora brasileira. Ficou conhecida por ser a dublê das personagens de Larissa Manoela na telenovela Cúmplices de um Resgate. Em 2022, protagoniza Mirela na série Todas as Garotas em Mim, da RecordTV.

Carreira

Iniciou sua carreira como modelo, desfilando em diversas cidades para lojas e marcas locais. Foi a 1ª princesa dos concursos Miss Limeira e Miss São Paulo. Aos 6 anos de idade, passou a fazer ballet e street hip hop. Sua estreia na televisão foi em 2013, onde fez uma participação especial como a misteriosa Lola na telenovela Carrossel, do SBT. Em 2015, também no SBT, atuou como a dublê de Larissa Manoela e interpretou Fabiana em Cúmplices de um Resgate.

Em 2020 estrelou o filme A Garota Invisível ao lado de Sophia Valverde e Matheus Ueta onde deu vida a antagonista do longa Diana, uma youtuber que é capaz de fazer de tudo para reconquistar o ex-namorado Khaleb (Guilherme Brumatti). Em 2022, ganhou a sua primeira protagonista, Mirela, uma digital influencer que vive dilemas parecidos com as garotas da Bíblia em Todas as Garotas em Mim, da RecordTV. Em julho voltou a interpretar Diana na sequência de A Garota Invisível desta vez sob o título Hora de Brilhar indo ao ar exclusivamente no Disney+ . Em setembro, entrou para o elenco da 4ª temporada da novela Reis como Ainoã sendo a sua segunda protagonista em uma novela e em uma produção da RecordTV.

Em 2023, integrou o elenco de Um Ano Inesquecível - Outono como a estudante de direito Babi, fazendo parte da franquia de filmes Um Ano Inesquecível do Prime Video.  Em julho, estrelou seu primeiro filme como protagonista, o drama romântico No Ritmo da Fé dando vida a musicista Camila que tem sua vida transformada após ser convidada para  participar de uma banda cristã.

Filmografia

Televisão

Cinema

Dublagem

Livros

Discografia

 Tem Gente Assim (2017)
 Pontos no Papel (2018)
 Minha Fé (2019)
 Te Ver é Poesia (2019)
 Parte de Mim (2019)
 Amor para Cuidar (2021)
 Todas as Garotas em Mim (2022)

Ligações externas

Naturais de Itabirinha
Atrizes de televisão do Brasil
Atrizes de cinema do Brasil
Cantores de Minas Gerais
Cantores de música pop do Brasil
Dubladores de Minas Gerais
Protestantes do Brasil
Influenciadores digitais do Brasil
Atrizes de Minas Gerais

Mharessa


Ħ/ħ este o literă a alfabetului latin, derivată de la H cu adăugarea unei bare. Este folosită în limba malteză pentru consoana fricativă faringiană mută (care corespunde literei heth din abjadul semitic). Litera ħ este utilizată în alfabetul fonetic internațional pentru același sunet.

În mecanica cuantică, cu ℏ este reprezentată constanta lui Planck redusă (împărțită la 2π). În acest context, este pronunțată ca "h-bar".

Litera mică seamănă și cu litera chirilică Tshe (ћ), sau cu simbolul astronomic al lui Saturn (♄).

Un Ħ mare de culoare albă pe un pătrat roșu este logoul Institutului de Patrimoniu din Malta.

Vezi și
Đ
Ł
Ø
Ŧ

Litere
Cultura Maltei
Simboluri pentru transcriere fonetică

Ħ


Mehmet Topal (d. 3 Mart 1986, Malatya), ön libero mevkiinde oynamış eski Türk millî futbolcudur.

Üç farklı takımla (Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe ve İstanbul Başakşehir) Süper Lig şampiyonluğu yaşayan tek futbolcudur. Ayrıca 2000, 2010 ve 2020'li yıllarda Şampiyonlar Ligi'nde forma giyen ilk Türk futbolcudur.

2008-2018 yılları arasında Türkiye formasıyla 81 maça çıktı ve 2 gol attı.

Kulüp kariyeri
Mehmet Topal şimdiye kadar Cevat Güler, Bülent Korkmaz, Eric Gerets, Michael Skibbe, Karl-Heinz Feldkamp, Frank Rijkaard, Unai Emery, Aykut Kocaman, Ersun Yanal, İsmail Kartal, Vítor Pereira ve Sergen Yalçın gibi teknik direktörler ile çalışmıştır.

Malatya Belediyespor'un altyapısında oynarken 2002'de Çanakkale Dardanelspor'a transfer oldu. Çanakkale Dardanelspor'da başarılı futboluyla göz dolduran Mehmet Topal, Galatasaray ve Rumen futbolunun efsane oyuncusu ve Galatasaray SK o zamanki teknik direktörü olan Gheorghe Hagi'nin tavsiyesi ile 2006-2007 sezonu başında Çanakkale Dardanelspor'dan, Galatasaray'a 1.000.000 $ karşılığında transfer edildi.

Galatasaray
Galatasaray'ın o dönem teknik direktörü olan Eric Gerets tarafından ilk sezonunda zaman zaman forma şansı verilen Mehmet Topal, kendini gösterme ve geliştirme imkânı yakaladı. Karl-Heinz Feldkamp'ın göreve geldiği 2007-2008 sezonunda ise bir süre Tobias Linderoth'un yedeği olarak bekledikten sonra, yıldız oyuncunun sakatlanıp sezonu kapatmasıyla birlikte ilk on bire girdi. Gösterdiği performans, Topal'a A millî takımın da kapılarını da açtı. İlk kez Türkiye-İsveç arasında oynanan hazırlık maçında A millî takım formasını giyen Mehmet Topal, Türkiye'nin 2008 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonasındaki maçlarında da görev almıştır. Savunmanın göbeğinde de görev yapabilmekte olan Topal, Türkiye'nin Almanya ile oynadığı yarı final maçında Gökhan Zan'ın sakatlığı ve Servet Çetin'in ağrıları nedeniyle oynayamamalarından dolayı Emre Aşık'la birlikte stoper pozisyonunda görev almış ve o pozisyonda da iyi bir performans göstermiştir. 2008 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonasındaki performansından dolayı birçok Avrupa Kulübünün transfer listesine girmiştir. 2008'in Temmuz ayında İngiltere Premier League ekiplerinden Everton, Galatasaray'a 9 milyon Euro'luk bir teklif yapsa da sarı kırmızılı ekip bu teklifi reddetmiştir.

Valencia
2009-10 sezonu Mehmet'in Galatasaray'daki son yılı oldu. 12 Mayıs 2010 tarihinde Galatasaray Spor Kulübü'nden yapılan resmi açıklamada, Mehmet Topal'ın, önümüzdeki sezon Valencia'ya transferinde oyuncunun kendisi ve Valencia kulübü ile her konuda anlaşıldığı belirtildi. Mehmet Topal La Liga'daki ilk golünü Sporting Gijon karşısında kaydetti. 2. golünü ise UEFA Avrupa Ligi 3. tur ilk maçında Stoke City'ye yaklaşık 30 metre mesafeden attı.

Fenerbahçe

2012-2013 yaz transfer döneminde Galatasaray'ın ezeli rakibi Fenerbahçe'ye Valencia'dan 4.5 milyon euro bonservis bedeli karşılığında transfer oldu. Fenerbahçe formasıyla ilk resmi maçına Şampiyonlar Ligi 3. ön eleme maçında Vasluı'ye karşı çıkmıştır. Ligde ilk maçına Sanica Boru Elağzıspor maçıyla çıkmıştır. Fenerbahçe formasıyla ligdeki ilk golünü Gaziantepspor'a karşı kaydetmiştir. Ligdeki ikinci golünü ise Mersin İdman Yurdu'na karşı kaydetmiştir.

2013-14

Yeni sezona Ersun Yanal önderliğinde giren Fenerbahçe, mutlak şampiyonluk parolasıyla başlamıştır. Bu sezonda Raul Meireles ile orta sahada iyi bir ikili oluşturmuşlardır. Bu sezonda ilk golünü Süper Lig'in 17. haftasında takımının 5-1 kazandığı Kayserispor maçında atmıştır. Fenerbahçe sezon sonunda şampiyonluğa uzanırken, Mehmet Topal'ın bunda çok büyük katkısı olmuştur. Bu şampiyonluk, Mehmet Topal'ın Türkiye'de ikinci Fenerbahçe forması altında ise ilk şampiyonluğudur.

2014-15

Mehmet Topal, 2014-15 sezonuna Süper Kupayı kazanarak başladı. Bu Fenerbahçe forması altında kazandığı üçüncü kupa oldu. Yeni sezonda İsmail Kartal hocalığa getirilmiş Mehmet Topal'ın orta alandaki yeri değişmemiştir. Sezon sonunda Fenerbahçe şampiyonluğu Galatasaray'a kaptırmış, Türkiye Kupasında ise Yarı final'de Bursaspor'a elenmiştir.

2015-16

Yeni sezonda adı Manchester City ve Atletico Madrid'le anılan Mehmet Topal takımda kalmıştır. Fenerbahçe teknik direktörlüğe Vitor Pereira'yı getirmiştir. Mehmet Topal yeni sezonda Volkan Demirel ve Gökhan Gönül'ün ardından kaptanlığa getirilmiştir.

İstanbul Başakşehir

26 Ağustos 2019 tarihinde Süper Lig ekiplerinden İstanbul Başakşehir'le 1+1 yıllık sözleşme imzalamıştır.

2019-20 Sezonunda kariyerindeki 3. Süper Lig şampiyonluğunu yaşamıştır.

Beşiktaş
Beşiktaş Teknik direktör Sergen Yalçın'ın isteği doğrultusunda Mehmet Topal ile anlaştı. Mehmet Topal 12 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde, Beşiktaş için sağlık kontrolünden geçti ve 1+1 yıllık sözleşme imzaladı. Beşiktaş kulübünden yapılan açıklamada;

 denildi.

19 Temmuz 2022 tarihinde futbolu bıraktığını açıkladı.

Forma numaralarının geçmişi
 Kaynak: Mehmet Topal Forma numaralarının geçmişi

Oyun tarzı
Sağ ayağını kullanan bir futbolcu olmasına rağmen sol ayağı ile uzaktan vuruşları da çok iyidir. Son olarak Galatasaray'ın Dinamo București ile oynadığı UEFA Avrupa Ligi grup maçında uzak mesafeden attığı golle her iki ayağınıda çok iyi kullanabildiğini göstermiştir. Uzun bacakları ve top çalma yeteneği nedeniyle "Örümcek" lakabıyla anılıyor.

Kariyer istatistikleri

Kulüp Takım İstatistikleri

Millî takım istatistikleri

Millî takım golleri
NOT: Ev sahibi olarak Türkiye baz alınmıştır.

Başarıları

Takım
Türkiye
 UEFA Euro 2008: Yarı finalist

Galatasaray
 Süper Lig (1): 2008
 Türkiye Süper Kupası (1): 2008

Fenerbahçe
 Süper Lig (1): 2014
 Türkiye Kupası (1): 2012-13
 Türkiye Süper Kupası (1): 2014

Başakşehir
 Süper Lig (1): 2020

Beşiktaş
 Süper Kupa (1): 2021

Bireysel
 Türkiye'de Yılın Takımı (1): 2015
 Türk futbol tarihine de üç farklı takımla (Galatasaray, Fenerbahçe, Başakşehir) Süper Lig şampiyonluğu yaşamış ilk ve tek oyuncu (REKOR)
 2000, 2010 ve 2020'li yıllarda Şampiyonlar Ligi'nde forma giyen tek oyuncu (REKOR).

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 macinadami.net Profili

Yaşayan insanlar
1986 doğumlular
Malatya doğumlu sporcular
Türk erkek futbolcular
Türkiye 19 yaş altı millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
Türkiye 21 yaş altı millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
Türkiye millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
Orta saha futbolcuları
Defans futbolcuları
Çanakkale Dardanelspor futbolcuları
Galatasaray SK futbolcuları
Valencia CF futbolcuları
Fenerbahçe SK futbolcuları
İstanbul Başakşehir FK futbolcuları
Beşiktaş JK futbolcuları
1. Lig futbolcuları
Süper Lig futbolcuları
La Liga futbolcuları
Türk gurbetçi futbolcular
İspanya'daki gurbetçi futbolcular
İspanya'daki Türk gurbetçiler
2008 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası futbolcuları
2016 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası futbolcuları

Mehmet Topal


Miranda dili (mir: Lhéngua Mirandesa) kuzeydoğu Portekiz'de Bragança iline bağlı Miranda do Douro ilçesinde yaklaşık 15.000 kişi tarafından konuşulan bir Latin dilidir.

Miranda do Douro
Romen dilleri
Doğal diller
Bilgi kutusu bulunmayan sayfalar

Mirandaca


Årstad, Norveç'in Bergen şehrinin bir kasabasıdır. Şehrin güneyindeki bu kasabanın 33.000'e yakın nüfusu vardır.

Årstad; 1915'te, Bergen'le birleşinceye kadar ayrı bir şehir idi.

Bergen

Årstad


Humbaba (Asurda yazılışı) veya Huwawa (Babil), Akad mitolojisindeki canavarımsı bir devdir. Tanrıların yaşadığı sedir ormanının bekçisi, koruyucusudur. Yüzü aslan yüzüdür.

Huwawa veya Humbaba Hititler ve Hurriler'de Kupapa'dır, ki Kibele olarak Yunan ve Arap dillerine evrilmiştir. Öz olarak mitolojinin belirttiği gibi bir dev değil, bir Tanrıçayı, onun da ötesinde atatanrıçayı temsil eder. Gılgamış destanında geçtiği gibi anatanrıçadan kopup gelen ve uygarlaşmanın akabinde ona ihanet eden kişi Enkidu'dur. Gılgamış destanı Huwawa'yı öldürmekten korkar, zira ona yabancıdır. Fakat Enkidu, onu bilmekte, tanımaktadır. İhanetin mantığı içinde düşünülürse Enkidu'nun yaşaması için Huwawa'nın ölmesi zorunludur.

Gılgamış Destanı
Devler
Mezopotamya mitolojisi
Mitolojik melezler
Elam kralları
Mezopotamya demonları

Humbaba


Andreu Mas-Colell, né en 1944, économiste et homme politique catalan.
 Judith Colell, née en 1968, est une réalisatrice et productrice de cinéma catalane.
 Tània Balló Colell, née en 1977, cinéaste et écrivaine espagnole.
 Meritxell Colell Aparicio, née en 1983, réalisatrice de cinéma espagnole.

Colell


An Digitaria fulva in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jean Marie Bosser. An Digitaria fulva in nahilalakip ha genus nga Digitaria, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Digitaria (Poaceae)

Digitaria fulva


Johann Anton André (født 6. oktober 1775 i Offenbach am Main, død 6. april 1842 sammesteds) var en tysk komponist og musikforlægger, bedst kendt for sin rolle i forskningen af Mozarts musik.

André var søn af den produktive musiker og komponist Johann André (1741-1799), hvis musikhandel han overtog efter dennes død, og købte de efterladte manuskripter af Mozarts enke Constanze.

Selv komponerede André såvel operaer som symfonier og messer.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Klassiske komponister fra Tyskland
Personer fra Offenbach am Main
Tyskere i 1700-tallet
Tyskere i 1800-tallet

Johann Anton André


Das Sundern ist ein Naturschutzgebiet in der niedersächsischen Stadt Hemmingen in der Region Hannover.

Beschreibung
Das Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG HA 004 ist 50,4 Hektar groß. Es liegt südlich von Hannover zwischen Hemmingen und Arnum und stellt eine verlandete Flussschleife des Urstromtals der Leine unter Schutz. Der Bereich der verlandeten Flussschleife ist überwiegend von Wald auf feuchtem Standort geprägt. Daneben sind noch Auwaldrelikte zu finden. Trockenere Standorte sind teilweise mit Eichen-Hainbuchen- und Buchen-Eichen-Mischwald mit einem hohen Altholzanteil bestanden.

Die Bereiche zwischen den bewaldeten Zonen werden ackerbaulich genutzt.

Naturschutz
Das Gebiet steht seit dem 5. April 1931 unter Naturschutz. Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde ist die Region Hannover.

Ziel von Naturschutzmaßnahmen ist die Umwandlung von Ackerflächen in extensiv bewirtschaftetes Grünland sowie der Erhalt und die Entwicklung von naturnahem Auwald mit hohem Altholzanteil an Stelle von standortfremden Hybridpappel- und Nadelholzbeständen. In Bruchwäldern wie dem Sundern besteht die Gefahr von schleichenden Naturflächenverlusten durch Grundwasserabsenkung.

Mausoleum

Nach dem Tod des hannoversch-britischen Generals und Staatsmanns Carl von Alten entstand für ihn 1842 das Mausoleum Graf Carl von Alten bei Wilkenburg, heute im Naturschutzgebiet Sundern gelegen. Es wurde vom königlich-hannoverschen Hofbaumeister Georg Ludwig Friedrich Laves entworfen und vom Architekten Conrad Wilhelm Hase fertiggemauert. Das Mausoleum gilt heute als der erste Backsteinbau der Neugotik in Norddeutschland. Das Gebäude zerfiel im Lauf der Zeit zur Ruine. 1987 gründete sich ein Verein zur Rettung des Mausoleums.

Weblinks

 Sundern, Faltblattserie "Neue Chancen für die Natur", Region Hannover (PDF-Datei, 637 kB)

Einzelnachweise

Naturschutzgebiet in der Region Hannover
Waldschutzgebiet in Niedersachsen
Geographie (Hemmingen, Niedersachsen)
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Waldgebiet in Europa

Sundern (Naturschutzgebiet)


Ol Parker, (d. 1969 - Londra/İngiltere) İngiliz film yönetmeni, senaristi ve prodüktörü.

Hayatı

1969 yılında Londra'da doğmuştur. Gerçek ado "Oliver Parker" dır. Ancak "An Ideal Husband" filminin yönetmeni Oliver Parker'la karıştırılmamak için ilk adını "Ol" olarak değiştirmiştir. Cambridge Üniversitesi mezunudur.

11 Temmuz 1998 tarihinde film oyuncusu Thandie Newton ile evlenmiştir. Çift BBC televizyonu için çekilen 1997 yapımı "In Your Dreams" isimli filmin çekimleri sırasında tanışmıştır. 17 Eylül 2000 tarihinde kızı Ripley, 2004 yılı Aralık ayının ortalarında ise ikinci kızı Nico dünyaya gelmiştir.

Meslek Yaşamı

1996 Sundance Film Festivali yönetimi Parker'ın BBC için senaryosunu yazdığı "Loved Up" isimli filmi davet edebilmek için "TV için yapılan filmleri festivale davet etmeme" kuralını değiştirmiştir. Peter Cattaneo tarafından yönetilen bu film, ecstasy ve gençlik kültürünü anlatmaktadır. Ol Parker'ın senaryosunu yazdığı ikinci film "In Your Dreams"dir. Yine BBC için çekilen ve tecavüz konusunu işleyen bu film Aralık 1997'de BBC tarafından yayınlanmıştır. Filmde daha sonra eşi olacak olan Thandie Newton başrolü üstlenmiştir.

Parker ilk prodüktörlük denemesini 2000 yapımı "It was an Accident" isimli filmle yapmıştır. Bu film, Jeremy Cameron'un romanında "serbestçe" uyarlanmıştır. Filmin yönetmenliğini Metin Hüseyin üstlenirken başrolleri Thandie Newton ve Chiwetel Ejiofor paylaşmıştır.

2005 yılına değin senaryo yazarı olarak başarı kazanmış olan Parker, 2005 yılında çektiği Imagine Me & You isimli filmle yönetmenliğe adım atar. Halen, Sebastian Faulkes'ın romanı "Birdsong"un Working Title Films için sinema uyarlamasını yapmakta ve Paul Greengrass tarafınmdan yönetilen ve Jimi Hendrix'in biyografisi niteliğindeki "Crosstown Trffic" isimli filmin senaryosunu yazmaktadır.

Filmografi

Senarist Olarak

 Imagine Me & You (2005)
 It Was an Accident (2000)
 In Your Dreams (1997) (TV filmi)
 Loved Up (1995) (TV filmi)

Yönetmen Olarak

 Imagine Me & You (2005)

Prodüktör Olarak

 It Was an Accident (2000)

Dış bağlantılar

 IMDB Sayfası

İngiliz film yönetmenleri
1969 doğumlular
İngiliz senaristler
İngiliz film yapımcıları
Yaşayan insanlar
Londra doğumlular

Ol Parker


A promontory fort is a defensive structure located above a steep cliff, often only connected to the mainland by a small neck of land, thus using the topography to reduce the ramparts needed. Although their dating is problematic, most seem to date to the Iron Age. They are mainly found in Brittany, Ireland, the Orkney Islands, the Isle of Man, Devon, the Channel Islands and Cornwall.

Ireland

Only a few Irish promontory forts have been excavated and most date to the Iron Age, though some, like Dunbeg Fort (County Kerry) might have originated in the Bronze Age. Others, like Dalkey Island (County Dublin) contain imported Eastern Mediterranean pottery and have been reoccupied and changed in the early medieval period. Some, like Doonmore (near Dingle, County Kerry) are associated with the Middle Ages. Dunbeg contains an early medieval corbelled stone hut (clochán).

Isle of Man
On the Isle of Man, promontory forts are found particularly on the rocky slate headlands of the south.  Four out of more than twenty have been excavated and several, especially in Santon, can be visited using the Raad ny Foillan coastal footpath. All have a rampart on their vulnerable landward side, and excavations at Cronk ny Merriu have shown that access to the fort was via a strongly built gate.

The Scandinavians who arrived in Mann in the eighth and ninth centuries AD sometimes re-used these Iron Age promontory forts, often obliterating the old domestic quarters with their characteristic rectangular houses; the fine example at Cronk ny Merriu has been used as the basis of the reconstruction in the House of Manannan museum in Peel.

Devon and Cornwall

Cornish promontory forts can be found all along the coast of Penwith. Maen Castle, near to Land's End is one of the oldest, having been dated to around 500 BC. They are also found in other districts, e.g. The Rumps near Padstow and Dodman Point on the southern Cornish coast as well as Rame Head close to Plymouth. In Devon, Burgh Island and Bolt Tail are located on the south coast and Embury Beacon and Hillsborough on the north coast.
The famous site at Tintagel may be a rare example of promontory fort whose occupation continued into the post Roman and from there into later periods.

Brittany
Caesar's Commentarii de bello Gallico describes the Veneti in southern Armorica – a powerful sea-faring people allied with the southern British during the war of 56 BC – as living in clifftop oppida. Their capital was Darioritum, on the Gulf of Morbihan, now modern Vannes/Gwened. The Veneti had close trade ties with southwestern Britain. When they were attacked by the Romans in Brittany, Julius Caesar reports that Cornwall sent them military aid.

Channel Islands
There are a few examples of promontory forts on the Island of Jersey, which includes Le Pinacle, Le Câtel de Rozel, and Le Câtel de Lecq. All of these were located on headlands on the north and north-east of the Island, given the strong natural defences that exist on those parts of the Island. Remains of an Iron Age fort were located on the site of Mont Orgueil Castle to the east of the island as well as materials from the Neolithic and Bronze Age.

See also
Hillfort

References

 Nancy Edwards, The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland (London, Batsford 1990).
 Manx National Heritage - Promontory Forts
 Cronk ny Merriu MNH
 Maen Castle Retrieved 14 May 2007.

External links
Pretanic World - Chart of Neolithic, Bronze Age and Celtic Stone Structures

Buildings and structures in Ireland
Fortifications in the Isle of Man
Archaeology of Ireland
Archaeology of Northern Ireland
Forts
Hill forts
Fortifications by type
Archaeological sites

Promontory fort


Athena, Türk ska ve punk rock grubu. Gökhan Özoğuz ve Hakan Özoğuz kardeşler grubun kurucu üyeleridir. Türkiye'de ska ve punk türünde müzik yapan ilk topluluklardan birisi oldu. Holigan albümünün aynı isimli şarkısı futbol maçlarının değişmez sloganı oldu. Bu şarkı, Türkiye millî basketbol takımı için yapılan 12 Dev Adam şarkısı ise basketbol takımının bir nevi marşı oldu. Birçok rock müzik dinleyicisine göre Türkiye'nin en iyi rock gruplarındandır. 195 puanla Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması tarihinde Türkiye adına elde edilen en yüksek puanı aldı.

Geçmişi

Kuruluş dönemi
Hakan ve Gökhan Özoğuz kardeşlerin müzik yapma sevdasına kapıldıkları 1987 yılı Athena macerasının başlangıç noktası olarak kabul edilir. O dönemde henüz 11 yaşında olan ve okul hayatından pek haz etmeyen Hakan ve Gökhan, Pentagram'ın eski gitaristi Ümit Yılbar'dan gitar dersleri almak suretiyle çalışmaya başladılar ve ardından da Akmar Pasajı'na ilanlar asarak grubu tamamlayacak bas gitarist ve davulcu arayışına giriştiler. Çalışmalarını ilk etapta iki kişi devam ettiren Gökhan ve Hakan kardeşler ilk yıllarda aralarına katılan birtakım arkadaşlarıyla stüdyo ve aletler kiralayarak çalışmaya başladılar. Akmar Pasajı'nda tesadüfen karşılarına çıkan bir ilanla hem bir isim hem de grubu tamamlayacak bas gitarist ve davulcu bulmuş oldular. O dönemde D.R.I, S.O.D, Nuclear Assult, Slayer, Megadeth ve Metallica gibi gruplardan heyecan duyan grup, 4 şarkıdan oluşan ve hardcore thrash sound'lu ilk demolarını da kaydetmeyi başardılar. Fakat bas gitarist ve davulcu problemi hâlen devam etmekteydi. Grubun ilk ciddi kadrosu süregelen pek çok değişikliğin ardından nihayet 1990'da şekillenebildi, Gökhan ve Hakan, davulda Turgay Gülaydın ve bas gitarda Asrın Tuncer katılımıyla çalışmalara hız verdiler. 1991 yılında Horror Dimensions isimli beş şarkılık bir demoyu kasede kaydettiler. Bu demodan sonra gruba vokal olarak Ferit Tuncer dahil oldu ancak kısa süre sonra Asrın ve Ferit gruptan ayrılıp AF adlı bir grup kurdular. Athena'da bas gitara Ozan Karaçuha dahil oldu. Grup, 1993 yılında ise thrash sound'lu ilk albüm One Last Breath'i piyasaya sürdü. Albüm, aynı yıl hayatını kaybeden Ümit Yılbar'a adanmıştı.

Müzik hayatında yeni dönem (1997-2003)

Grup, ilk albümünden sonra thrash metal olan tarzlarını ska ve punk rock'a çevirdi ve yeni albüm çalışmalarına 1997'de başladı. Bu dönemde çoğu plak şirketi Athena'nın yaptığı müziğin Türkiye'deki dinleyici kitlesi için çok yeni bir tür olması nedeniyle albümü yayınlamaya yanaşmadılar. NR1 ise alternatif projelere şans veren bir plak şirketi olarak Athena'ya şans verdi ve müzik şirketinin ilk müzik projesi Holigan oldu. Kargo elemanlarının da destekte bulunduğu bu albüm 1998 baharında piyasaya sürüldü ve galası Athena'nın yıllar boyunca sahne aldığı Captain Hook'ta yapıldı. Albümden yayınlanan video'lardan biri olan "Tarlaya Ektim Soğan"ın çekimleri de yine Captain Hook'ta Athena'nın sahne aldığı Cumartesi gecelerinden birinde çekildi ve mekanın atmosferi video'da birebir yansıtıldı. 1999'da sonlanan Athena konserlerinden kısa süre sonra Captain Hook da kapılarını kapattı.

Captain Hook macerasını sonlandıran Athena için yeni bir sayfa açılmış, Holigan albümü ülke çapında büyük yankı uyandırmayı başarmıştı. Plak şirketlerinin beklentilerinin aksine ska sound'u Athena'nın şarkılarıyla Türkiye'de büyük ilgi gördü ve albümle aynı adı taşıyan "Holigan" adlı şarkının sporla özdeşleşerek bir marş misali yediden yetmişe ulaşmayı başardı. Bu başarının ardından tekrar stüdyoya giren Athena, 2000 yılında Tam Zamanı Şimdi albümü ile tekrar büyük bir başarı yakaladı. "Palavra" ile albümü tanıtan grup, "Yaşamak Var Ya" ve "Macera" şarkıları ile büyük bir başarı yakaladı.

Athena, kariyerinin önemli anlarından biri de Türkiye'nin marşı haline gelen ve büyük yankı uyandıran "12 Dev Adam" projesi oldu. Millî Takım için bir marş yazılmasını talep eden Basketbol Federasyonu, Holigan ekolü dolayısıyla bu işin altından kalkabilecek en uygun ismin Athena olduğuna karar verdi. Alınan kararın ne kadar isabetli olduğu 12 Dev Adam'ın ülke genelinde yarattığı büyük yankının ardından iyice anlaşılmış oldu. Şarkı Türkiye'de olduğu kadar Avrupa'da da büyük yankı uyandırdı, Basketbol Millî Takımı'nın 2. geldiği 2001 Avrupa Basketbol Şampiyonası'na katılan diğer Avrupa ülkelerinin basın organları "12 Dev Adam" şarkısının takıma verdiği güçten bahsetti. Tam Zamanı Şimdi albümü bu yıl "12 Dev Adam" şarkısı ile tekrar piyasaya sürüldü.

2001 yılı sonlanırken Athena kadrosunda birtakım değişiklikler meydana geldi, gruptan ayrılan Ozan Karaçuha ve Turgay Gülaydın'ın yerine 2002 yılı başında bas gitara Canay Cengen ve davula Doğaç Titiz katıldı ve yeni albüm çalışmalarına başlandı. Ancak başlangıçta ortada yeni albüme ait hiçbir materyal yoktu. Şubat ve Mart ayları ise gece gündüz stüdyoda geçti. Athena şimdiye kadar hiçbir albüm hazırlık döneminin bu kadar sancılı geçmediğini açıkladı. Grup, Nisan ayında yeni albüm Her Şey Yolunda'yı piyasaya sürdü. Albüm "Öpücük" videosu ile tanıtıldı. Grup daha sonra bu kez 2002 Dünya Basketbol Şampiyonası sebebiyle Millî Takım ile birlikte Amerika'ya uçtu. Bu dönemde gruba bas gitarist olarak Ozan Musluoğlu katıldı.

Eurovision performansı ve Us (2004)

TRT, 2003 yılında Sertab Erener'in Eurovision başarısının ardından Türkiye'de yapılacak olan 49. Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması için iddialı bir isim arayışına girdi. Athena ile yapılan görüşmeler olumlu sonuç verince Türkiye'yi Athena'nın temsil edeceği açıklandı. Türkiye elemelerinde grup, "I Love Mud On My Face", "Easy Man" ve "For Real" şarkılarını halk jürisine sundu ve oyların %79'unu alan For Real, Athena'nın yarışma şarkısı oldu. Athena, yarışmada 195 puanla 4. oldu. Bu puan o döneme kadar Türkiye'nin aldığı en yüksek puan olurken, dördüncülük de Türkiye tarihinin o dönemki en iyi üçüncü derecesiydi.

Grup, bu maceranın ardından hemen beşinci albümlerinin kayıtlarına başladı. 2004 yılında çıkan Us albümünde 7 yeni şarkının yanında, 3 Eurovision şarkısı ve "For Real"in Türkçe versiyonu da yer almaktaydı. Albümün ilk klibi "d.i.h.o" şarkısına çekildi. Ancak albüm büyük bir başarı elde edemedi.

Athena albümü ve sonrası (2005-2007)
Athena ile zaman zaman birlikte çalışan baterist Burak Gürpınar, Kurban'ın dağılmasının ardından Athena'nın daimi elemanı haline geldi. Burak'ın katılımından sonra grubun soundunda büyük bir değişim oldu ve müzik tarzı punk rock'a kaydı. Bu tarzla ilk olarak 2005'te Pasaj etiketiyle Athena albümünü çıkardılar. Bu albümün önemi Türkiye'de çıkan ilk ana akım punk albümü olmasıdır. Athena, televizyonlarda ilk olarak "Çatal Yürek"'le görünmeye başladı. Bu şarkının beğenilmesinden sonra ikinci teklisi olan "Kime Ne" piyasaya çıktı. Athena, aynı kadroyla 2006'da İt adlı EP'sini çıkardı. 5 parçadan oluşan albümün çıkış parçası Nirvana şarkısı "Breed"'in cover hali olan Köpek oldu. En başta yalnızca Dream Tv'nin 2006 yılbaşı çekimi için "Breed" coverı yapmak isteyen grup bu şarkının heyecanıyla US'ta yer alan "Yalan"'ın akustik versiyonunu ve elinde olan 3 yeni şarkıyı da katarak bu EP'yi ortaya çıkardı. Albüm, Kurt Cobain'in ruhuna ithaf edildi.

Ocak 2007'de, Fenerbahçe Spor Kulübü'nün 100. yılı anısına hazırlanmış;  3 yeni şarkı ve bir şarkının enstrümantal kaydı olmak üzere 4 parçadan oluşan Fenerbahçe'nin 100 Şerefli Yılı EP'si yayımlandı.

Geri Dönüş (2009-bugün)

2007 yılında Gökhan ve Hakan Özoğuz'un babaları Ahmet Hamdullah Özoğuz öldü. Bu dönemde sarsılan abi - kardeş bir süre müziğe ara verdi. Hakan Özoğuz askere giderken, Gökhan Özoğuz ise Londra'ya taşındı. Hakan da daha sonra Gökhan'a Londra'da katıldı ve bu şehirde geçirdikleri 4 yılda şarkılar yazıp bestelediler ve 2010'da yeni albümün müjdesini verdiler. 2010 yılının Mayıs ayında Pis adlı stüdyo albümü, grubun 8. albümü olarak yayınlandı. Albümün prodüktörlüğünü Mike Nielsen üstlendi, bas gitar ve klavyede Alp Ersönmez, davul ve perküsyonda ise Volkan Öktem albümde çaldı. Grup, "Serseri Mayın" ve "Arsız Gönül" şarkılarıyla tekrar büyük bir başarı yakaladılar.

Athena, 2011 yılında Coca Cola'nın 125. yılı şerefine Frank Sinatra'nın seslendirdiği, müzik dünyasının en kült baladlarından "My Way"'i, kendi yüksek enerjilerini katarak yeniden yorumladı. Şarkının Türkçe versiyonu "Ben Böyleyim"in sözlerini Gökhan Özoğuz yazmıştı. Şarkı, Tarkan Gözübüyük prodüktörlüğünde, Gökhan Özoğuz, Hakan Özoğuz, Volkan Öktem ve Alp Ersönmez'in ortak çalışmasıyla yeniden aranje edildi. 2011 yılında Rock'n Coke'ta da çalan Athena bu şarkıyı da canlı repertuvarlarına dahil ettiler ve bu çalışma da büyük bir ilgi gördü. 2012 yılında ise Orhan Gencebay'ın müzikteki 60. sanat yılına özel hazırlanan tribute albümde bulunan 32 müzisyenden olan Athena bu albümde Gencebay'ın "Bir Araya Gelemeyiz" isimli şarkısını kendi tarzında yorumladı. Albüm, Orhan Gencebay ile Bir Ömür ismiyle 17 Eylül 2012 tarihinde Poll Production etiketiyle yayınlandı.

2014 yılında Altüst albümü ile müzik dünyasına geri dönen gruba bas gitarda Umut Arabacı, davulda da Sinan Tınar eşlik etti. Ayrıca beş kişiye yükselen grup klavyede Emre Ataker ile çalışmaya başladı.

Grup Üyeleri
 Gökhan Özoğuz - Vokal, gitar (1987 - bugün)
 Hakan Özoğuz - Gitar, geri vokal (1987 - bugün)
 Emre Ataker - Klavye (2011 - bugün)
Egemen Özkasnaklı - Davul (2019 - bugün)
Ozan Öner - Bas gitar (2020 - bugün)

Eski Üyeler
 Asrın Tuncer - Bas gitar (1990-1993)
 Turgay Gülaydın - Davul (1990-2002)
 Ferit Tunçer - Vokal (1991-1993)
 Ozan Karaçuha - Bas gitar (1993-2002)
 Canay Cengen - Bas gitar (2002-2003)
 Doğaç Titiz - Davul (2002-2004)
 Ozan Musluoğlu - Bas gitar (2003-2007)
 Burak Gürpınar - Davul (2005-2007)
 Alican Tezer - Davul (2010-2013)
 Umut Arabacı - Bas gitar (2010-2018)
 Sinan Tınar - Davul (2013-2018)

Stüdyo ve kayıt'taki üyeler
 Alp Ersönmez - Bas gitar, geri vokal, klavye, kayıt asitanı (2010-2011)
 Volkan Öktem - Davul, perküsyon, altyapı (2010-2011)

Zaman çizelgesi

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Diskografi

Stüdyo albümleri
 One Last Breath (1993)
 Holigan (1998)
 Tam Zamanı Şimdi (2000)
 Her Şey Yolunda (2002)
 US (2004)
 Athena (2005)
 Pis (2010)
 Altüst (2014)

Single ve extended-play'ler
 Mehteran Seferi (Single) (2001)
 For Real (Single) (2004)
 İt (EP) (2006)
 Fenerbahçe'nin 100 Şerefli Yılı (EP) (2007)
 Ben Böyleyim (Single) (2011)
 Geblo (Kötü Kedi Şerafettin) (2016)
 Ses Etme (Remixes) (2017)
 Geberiyorum (Nazım Hikmet Ran Günler Şiiri) (2017)
 Mamak Türküsü (Yeni Türkü Zamansız) (2022)
 Haklıyız Kazanacağız (Single) (2022)
 Dam Üstüne Çul Serer (Single) (2023)
  Kendi Yolumda-Soundtrack (EP) (2023)

Liste başarıları

Kaynakça

Türk punk rock grupları
Türk rock müzik grupları
Türkiye'nin Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması yarışmacıları
Ska müzik grupları
Kral TV Video Müzik Ödülü sahipleri
2004 Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması yarışmacıları
1987'de kurulan müzik grupları
Yaşayan insanlar
Pasaj Müzik sanatçıları
Altın Kelebek Ödülü sahipleri
İstanbul kökenli müzik grupları

Athena (müzik grubu)


التنميش   (أو التفريز الكيميائي أو التخريش) هي عملية صناعية آلية تستخدم لمعالجة سطوح المواد وخاصة المعادن بغمسها بأحواض حاوية على مواد كيميائية مخرّشة بهدف إزالة الشوائب وتهئية سطح المعدن لعمليات التشكيل اللاحقة.

هذه العملية الصناعية هي تطوير لعملية كانت تتم في العصور الوسطى كوسيلة بديلة لعملية النقش. تسمى الكيمياويات المستخدمة في العملية المنمّشات أو سوائل التنميش.

اقرأ أيضاً
 تنميش صناعي

مراجع

الفن في العصر الذهبي الهولندي
تحليل كهربائي
صناعة المعادن
صنع الأدوات المعدنية
طباعة فنية
عمليات تعدينية
عمليات كيميائية

تنميش


Sleuth aynı adı taşıyan Tony ödülü sahibi bir oyundan uyarlanan bir filmdir. Oyunun yazarı İngiliz Anthony Shaffer'dir ve aynı zamanda filmin senaryosunu da yazmıştır. Film Joseph L. Mankiewicz tarafından yönetilmiştir ve başrollerini Laurence Olivier ve Michael Caine oynamıştır.

Sinevizyon Filmcilik tarafından Türkiye'ye ithal edilen film 1973-1974 sinema mevsiminde Kanlı Şaka adıyla gösterime verilmiş, yıllar sonra da TRT'de Hafiye adıyla yayınlanmıştı. Anthony Shaffer'in oyunu ise Türkiye'de İngiltere'yle aynı yıl, Eylül 1970'te Dormen Tiyatrosu tarafından Son Gülen adıyla sahneye konmuştu.

Konusu
Hikâye ilginç oyunlar oynamayı seven, zengin bir detektif romanı yazarı olan Andrew Wyke etrafında dönmektedir. Karısı Marguerite'ın, kendisini kuaför salonları zinciri sahibi Milo Tindle ile aldattığını bilmektedir. Wyke Milo'yu şehrin dışındaki malikanesine davet eder. Wyke da karısını Tea adlı bir kızla aldatmaktadır. Wyke Tindle'dan değerli bazı mücevherlerini çalıp satmasını ve aldığı parayı karısı Marguerite ile mutlu bir şekilde yaşamaları için kullanmasını teklif eder. Böylece Wyke da sigortadan aldığı parayla Tea ile mutlu bir şekilde vakit geçirecektir. Fakat ortalık karışacak ve bu teklifin sonuçları çok tehlikeli boyutlara ulaşacaktır.

Ödüller

Adaylıklar
 1973 Oscar - En iyi erkek başrol oyuncusu (Michael Caine)
 1973 Oscar - En iyi erkek başrol oyuncusu (Laurence Olivier)
 1973 Oscar - En iyi yönetmen (Joseph L. Mankiewicz)
 1973 Oscar - En iyi özgün film müziği (John Addison)
 1973 Altın Küre - Drama dalında en iyi film
 1973 Altın Küre - Drama dalında en iyi sinema filmi aktörü (Michael Caine)
 1973 Altın Küre - Drama dalında en iyi sinema filmi aktörü (Laurence Olivier)
 1974 BAFTA - En iyi aktör (Laurence Olivier)
 1974 BAFTA - En iyi sanat yönetmenliği (Ken Adam)
 1974 BAFTA - En iyi görüntü yönetmenliği (Oswald Morris)
 1974 BAFTA - En iyi senaryo (Anthony Shaffer)

Kazandıkları
 1973 David di Donatello ödülleri - En iyi yabancı oyuncu (Laurence Olivier)
César et Rosalie (1972) filmindeki rolüyle Yves Montand ile birlikte.
 1973 Edgar Allan Poe ödülleri - En iyi sinema filmi (Anthony Shaffer)
 1973 New York Film Eleştirmenleri Birliği ödülleri - En iyi aktör (Laurence Olivier)
 1974  Cinema Writers Circle ödülleri, İspanya - En iyi yabancı film
 1975 Evening Standard İngiliz Film ödülleri - En iyi aktör (Michael Caine)

Film hakkında notlar
 İngiliz yazar Anthony Shaffer 'ın oyunu Türkiye 'de de Dormen Tiyatrosu 'nda sahnelenmiş,başrollerinde Metin Serezli ve Erol Keskin  oynamışlardı.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1972 çıkışlı filmler
Tiyatro uyarlamaları
David di Donatello Ödülü sahipleri
Cinayet filmleri
Joseph L. Mankiewicz'in yönettiği filmler
Birleşik Krallık gizem filmleri
Konusu sayfiye evinde geçen filmler
Edgar Ödülü kazanan eserler
1970'lerde İngilizce filmler

Sleuth (film, 1972)


أوسامو شيمومورا عالم ياباني ولد عام 1928، أستاذ العلوم البيولوجية البحرية في وودز هول بولاية ماساتشوستس، حاصل على جائزة نوبل في الكيمياء 2008 لقيامة بعدة دراسات لتطوير ما يُعرف بالبروتينات الفلورية الخضراء.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أعضاء أجانب في الأكاديمية الوطنية الأمريكية للعلوم
أشخاص من كيوتو (محافظة)
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة برنستون
حائزون على جائزة نوبل في الكيمياء
حاصلون على وسام الثقافة
كيميائيون أمريكيون
كيميائيون عضويون
كيميائيون يابانيون
مواليد 1928
مواليد في كيوتو
يابانيون حازوا جائزة نوبل
هيباكوشا
خريجو جامعة ناغويا
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة بوسطن

أوسامو شيمومورا


The New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary has a variety of flora and fauna. Much of the harbor originally consisted of tidal marshes that have been dramatically transformed by the development of port facilities.
The estuary itself supports a great variety of thriving estuarine aquatic species; contrary to popular stereotypes, New York Harbor and its adjacent, interdependent waters are very much alive, and steadily recovering from pollution; ecologically it is true that these waters were once dead or extremely toxic but after 45 years of cleaning the estuary is in a much better state than it has been in a hundred years.  Tidal flow occurs as far north as Troy, over 150 miles away. The salt front (dilute salt water) can reach Poughkeepsie in drought conditions and is present in the lower reaches of the Raritan River for most of the year.

Animal species

Arthropods
 American lobster  (Homarus americanus) - Massachusetts Bay is not the only home of the lobster on the East Coast.  Usually found south of the Verrazano Bridge, near the Southwestern end of Long Island and just off Sandy Hook. Often attracted to artificial reefs found near Lower New York Bay, where they can reach very large sizes, and just offshore near Ocean County, New Jersey. Depredation by man within the New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary is extremely rare. Some specimens can be as long as a man's arm.
 Atlantic rock crab  (Cancer irroratus) - A common crab found on the continental shelf within ten miles of shoreline. Found in all parts of the estuary. There is some concern over it competing with the invasive European green crab for habitat, but it is believed that the presence of Callinectes genera in the bight may offer some refuge as it has been shown that the swimmer crabs of this genus like to prey upon the smaller green crab.
Blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) - Also known as the blue claw crab. The crabs are typically found in the mouth of the Hudson River and occasionally wander into the brackish waters of small rivers and coves that pepper the western side of Long Island, including the waters just off Coney Island. Up the Hudson they are found occasionally in the part of the river that runs through the lower Hudson Valley in the summertime. Up until the 1960s they could be eaten, but the State of New York currently recommends against attempting to do so on a regular basis, due to bioaccumulation of PCBs and cadmium that were discovered in the crabs in the 1970s.  On the upside, a lack of hunting by man has caused this crab's numbers to grow heartily while others (Chesapeake Bay) have decreased. Females bearing eggs should be let go immediately because if they are not it affects the next generation.
Ghost crab  (Ocypode quadrata) - Common sight after twilight scurrying along the beaches of western Long Island and the planktonic larvae is found all throughout the estuary.
Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) - A common visitor to Breezy Point, Rockaways, and Coney Island. Numbers in peril but not yet a candidate as an endangered species. The New York Horseshoe Crab Monitoring Network conducts a citizen science annual census at different sites.
Lady crab (Ovalipes ocellatus)
Portly spider crab (Libinia emarginata) A species of decorator crab. Like most spider crab It is edible though rarely in the USA on account of appearance.
Ivory barnacle (Amphibalanus eburneus)
Northern rock barnacle (Semibalanus balanoides)
Asian shore crab (Hemigraspus sanguineus) An invasive alien species that is a favorite food of seagulls and other shorebirds in the area.
Common Spider Crab (Libinia emarginata)
Green Crab (Carcinus maenus) This species is an invasive species originally from Europe that has been present in all waters of the State of New York for many decades. It is a swimmer crab that is present in most parts of the harbor and is easily distinguished from the blue crab by being much smaller and a dull green color.
Black fingered mud crab (Panopeus herbstii)
Gammarid Amphipod (Family Gammaridae)
Corophid amphipod (Family Corophiidae)
Skeleton Shrimp ('Family Caprellida)
Shore Shrimp, Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes spp.)
Sea Roach (Family idoteidae)
White fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii)

Chordates

Birds
Although not aquatic animals, these birds are supported by the food and habitat the harbor provides, particularly Jamaica Bay and the Pelham Islands. Many of these birds will fly within sight of the Manhattan skyline and  the estuary is a very important point for the East Coast because of its location: it is dead center in the Atlantic Flyway  and many raptors and waterfowl use this spot as a rest area along their journey from New England and Canada in fall before heading further south to the Southern States and the Caribbean, reversing the journey in late March and early April.

American herring gull (Larus smithsonianus) A common sight that is present almost year round. Some will nest on the many tall buildings afforded in all five boroughs, none of which is more than a few miles from the water.
American oystercatcher (Haematopus pallatius)
American wigeon (Anas americana)
Bald eagle (Halieeatus leucocephalus) - Has been seen up the Hudson River every winter consistently for well over a decade, feeding on a wide variety of both freshwater and saltwater fish. Has also been seen using the New Jersey Palisades and piers near the Harlem River as a perch from which to swoop down and grab its quarry in the estuary. Will occasionally make itself known in the Lower Harbor seeking schools of mackerel.
Black bellied plover (Pluvialis squatarola)Black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)
Black skimmer (Rynchops niger)
Brant (Branta bernicla hrota)
Brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)  This bird migrates north from the Chesapeake and Outer Banks in the late spring and does not go back until roughly late September. Occasionally will perch on docks.  Prefers alewives and mossbunker; should not be fed so much as a morsel if found on the docks as it can become habituated to humans and an unhealthy diet.
Canada goose (Branta canadensis)
Glossy ibis (Plegadis falcinellus) A common bird in the summertime in Jamaica Bay and in the shallows on the Pelham Islands.
Great blue heron (Ardea herodia) Often found on Staten Island near the water.
Green heron (Butorides virescens)  Will take to feeding in the Bronx River in summertime. Also found occasionally in Jamaica Bay and marshy portions on the New Jersey side of the estuary, attracted by small fish.
Mallard (Anas platyryncha) The most common dabbling duck in the region. A common visitor to brackish portions of the lower Raritan as well as Staten Island.
Northern gannet (Morus bassanus)  A member of the booby family. Will dive head first into the water after fish.
Osprey (Pandion haliaetus) - A very common sight in the skies over western Long Island, especially during the nesting months. Easily seen near Jamaica Bay.
Piping plover (Charadrius melodus)-A bird that likes to nest on beaches like the ones near Rockaways and the Pelham Islands. This plover in particular is very tiny and beachgoers must mind their step near sand dunes as they can be missed. Has a pleasant sounding call. Likes to nest on sandy beaches and can be difficult to see during nesting season, as it tries to camouflage itself. This is a very nervous, endangered species that must remain unmolested during nesting as it will abandon its eggs if stressed; birdwatchers are advised to remain very, very quiet and to maintain a long distance from the nest so as not to frighten the bird.
Red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) The estuary is a place where the red knot likes to rest as it migrated back to its breeding grounds in the Arctic.  Small flocks can be seen in the spring and early summer.  This bird's numbers are threatened, and so it must remain undisturbed.
Snowy egret (Egretta thula) A common visitor to streams and salt marshes in the summer.  Will on rare occasions be found foraging and relaxing in parks and rivers in the estuary system like the Bronx River. Males have very distinct breeding plumage.
Yellow-crowned night heron (Nycticorax violaceus) - Nests on some of the uninhabited islands in the harbor and feasts upon the fish in the ocean and frogs in the streams and ponds in parks.

Fish
Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
American anglerfish (Lophius americanus) Easily the homeliest fish in the water; Prefers the deepest parts of the estuary and Sandy Hook. Sold in local farmer's markets as monkfish, even though it is not a monkfish in strictu senso.
American butterfish (Peprilus triacanthus)
American eel (Anguilla rostrata)-Numbers are low; currently on IUCN redlist. Should gently put back exactly where it was found and not bought from any vendor nor taken home to eat anywhere in New York or New Jersey. Will travel thousands of miles to reproduce in Sargasso Sea every year.  The Hudson River is a known haunt of this fish as is Upper New York Bay.
American shad (Alosa sapidissima) Anadramous fish that once was found as far inland as Bridgewater New Jersey and a former abundant resident of the Raritan River showing signs of returning.
American silver perch (Bairdiella chrysoura)Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus)
Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus)
Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus)-Also known as mossbunker.  This fish is a success story. In the 1940s and 1950s, the waters of the Estuary were very badly polluted and had been polluted since at least the mid 19th century.  By the time of the Clean Water Act, the waters surrounding New York City were ecologically dead or dying. As of 2018, however, the water is clean enough to support this fish in obscenely large numbers, which have in turn triggered the return of whales, dolphins, and sharks to the harbor.
Atlantic moonfish (Selene setapinnis) Likes to school in large numbers.
Atlantic needlefish (Strongylura marina)
Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia)
Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus) - Found in the depths of Upper New York Bay, in the main channel of the Hudson River; it also can and does migrate long distances from the mouth of the Hudson.  This fish is very large as an adult and can grow to 14 feet long. It should be put back at once if caught on a line and the state environmental authorities should be contacted, with a photograph if possible. The Atlantic sturgeon is an endangered fish that has been the victim of overfishing for caviar as well as the alteration of its habitat in too many rivers along the East Coast.  The Hudson River and the New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary is a clear nursery for this fish as well as a stronghold for the species overall: the most recent research suggests that the remaining populations in other rivers in other states are interconnected with New York's, evidenced by tracking devices. Other populations in Europe were, at one point, completely wiped out.
Banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus)Bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli)Black drum (Pogonias cromis)
Black seabass (Centropristis striata)Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)Bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix)
Cunner (Tautogolabrus adspersus)Crevalle jack (Caranx hippos)Foureye butterflyfish (Chaetodon capistratus)Fourspot flounder (Hippoglossina oblonga)Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum)
Hogchoker (Trinectes maculatus)Lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) Found all over the harbor and Sandy Hook. A species that should be gently put back exactly where it was found if caught, or as close to seagrass as possible.  Numbers are threatened by collectors seeking Traditional Chinese Medicine. Should not be purchased at all from such vendors.
Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)
Northern pipefish (Syngnathus fuscus)
Northern sea robin (Prionotus carolinus)Northern puffer (Sphoeroides maculatus) -A member of the blowfish family. Also known as a sugar toad. This is one of the only members of the blowfish family that is nowhere near as toxic as its Japanese and Chinese relatives. However, trying to catch this fish let alone eat it is dangerous as it can be mistaken for at least five other blowfish native to the Western Atlantic, two of which occasionally leave their normal ranges in warm weather and wind up in New York. Each of these lookalikes have an extremely deadly toxin in their flesh that humans cannot taste or smell. Techniques sushi chefs use on preparing fugu will not work with these fish since they are a different species with the poison in different parts and it is imperative that all New Yorkers and New Jerseyans know the source of the catch when eating in Asian restaurants, where immigrant owners might not be aware of the difference.
Ocean sunfish (Mola mola) This fish can grow to gigantic sizes. May be found near entrance to Lower New York Bay. Very docile in spite of enormous size; it resembles a giant floating pancake with fins and will from time to time float near the surface.
Oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) Very commonly found haunting the piers and docks.
Red hake (Urophycis chuss)Rough scad (Trachurus lathami)Sand lance (Ammodytes americanus). An important food source for harbor seals and grey seals as well as many baleen whales.  Found in New York Bight as well as the estuary on the seabed.
Scup (Stenatomus chrysops)
Shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) Another dweller in the Hudson and East River. Smaller than its cousin the Atlantic sturgeon, though juveniles look similar.  Should be put back where it was found if caught as it was placed on the Endangered Species List in 1967 and still is vulnerable. Spawning should occur around April.
Silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis)Skillet fish (Gobiesox strumosus)
Smallmouth flouder (Etropus microstomus)Striped bass (Morone saxatilis) - One of the most prevalent species in the harbor, and the most extensively fished one. The Hudson River Estuary system has been a nursery for stripers going back before European settlement and overall it is one of the most important breeding grounds for this species in the Northeast.
Striped burrfish (Chilomycterus schoepfi) -A member of the blowfish family, but very different looking than any relative in the area owing to the spikes on its skin when it blows up. Hazardous to step on. Present in the harbor in late summer.
Striped sea robin (Prionotus evolans)Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus)Summer flounder (Paralicthys dentatus)
Tautog (Tautoga onitis) Locally known also as the blackfish.  Attracted to artificial reefs and natural shoals in the estuary.
Tomcod (Microgadus tomcod)
Weakfish (Cynoscion regalis)
White mullet (Mugil curema)White perch (Morone americana)
Windowpane flounder (Scophthalmus aquosus)Winter flounder (Pleuronectes americanus)
Yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea)

Elasmobranch Fish: Sharks, Skates, And Rays

Despite popular belief, sharks are perfectly capable of living in  the waters of the estuary as well as the deeper waters near Sandy Hook. This would include the very small species to the giants, with 25 of them being recorded as indigenous to the waters of New York State in total. They were once fairly common to the estuary, as evidenced by records left behind by the Dutch describing them in a way that is unmistakable for any other family of fish, and cousins of sharks like the skates and rays never totally went extinct in the waters off New York or New Jersey. Among the rays and sharks, there are many nomadic species that migrate.

The overwhelming majority of sharks have no interest in hunting humans, as there is plenty of prey available for them to hunt in the nearby waters. Larger species of shark prefer seals, dolphins, and large fish like tuna and billfish, which are found in the waters around the estuary. Most shark species are not known to prey on humans, with increased attacks occurring when natural prey is scarce. The New York Bight, the triangle of water with Montauk at one apex, the Jersey Shore at the second apex, and New York Harbor in the middle, is known for its abundance of marine life, thus providing a large amount of prey for sharks. The exact migration pattern is not completely known and currently being studied, but the general belief is that the larger pelagic sharks migrate north in the spring and return again to Florida and Georgia by the end of November as the water becomes too cold to be bearable. The waters in this area are also a haven for the larger species whose numbers are threatened as shark finning is forbidden by the State of New York.

Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus) Second largest species of shark in the world, but this shark is a filter feeder and not a predator. It can be mistaken for the great white owing to similar coloring, but has gill slits that slash almost around its whole head and has a front dorsal fin that is more triangular than the raked shape found in that of the great white.
Blue shark Prionace glauca  Not an aggressive species in particular with few records of attacks to its name, but a larger species. Can grow to ten feet long and has a slender build.
Bull shark Historically responsible for an incident in Matawan, New Jersey in 1916 that inspired the film Jaws,  this species is known to be more and aggressive than the larger great white, which cannot survive in fresh water. Bull sharks can swim up freshwater rivers and are present in the area from May–September.
Great white shark  (Carcharodon carcharias) One of the largest living species of shark that can grow to about 20 feet long, with average lengths of 15-16 ft. for females, and 11-13 for males. As of 2018, research indicates the return of this most feared shark. In 2016, scientists discovered what is thought to be a white shark nursery off Montauk, where a large number of juveniles indicates a nearby nursery. The great white can reach the other end of Long Island (Brooklyn and Queens) within a matter of 24 hours.  Great whites are categorized as vulnerable and should not be hunted.
Nurse shark  (Ginglymostoma cirratum) Will occasionally visit artificial reefs.
Sandbar shark (Carcharhinus plumbeus) Common near Sandy Hook. Growing presence nearer to New York City.
Sand tiger shark (Carcharias taurus) New York Harbor is an important nursery for the babies.
Scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini). Mature females grow to about 13 feet long. This species is rarely aggressive and mostly bites out of fear. The young of this species will form schools in estuaries. Babies are often caught in New York Harbor.
Shortfin mako shark (Isurus oxyrinchus) May be dangerous to divers. Like the bull shark, they are ambush predators. The waters of the New York Bight and New York Harbor are naturally cloudy. This shark species is categorized as endangered and is threatened by shark finning and overfishing.

Rays

Cownose ray (Rhinoptera bonasus)Mammals
All marine mammals are protected under the Marine Mammals Protection Act of 1972.

Bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)
Grey seal (Halichoerus gryphus) Can be distinguished from the harbor seal by its larger size, W shaped nostrils, and preference to lay flopped out with its back flippers down when resting out of the water. Will rest on jetties.
Harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) - Historically both pinniped species were abundant natives in the harbor until hunting and other human activity extirpated them from the area by at least the late 19th century: there is a section of the harbor that was historically known as "Robbins Reef. " Robyn is the Dutch word for seal, proving their existence long before the American Revolution. In recent years, however, these two species, along with the some more typically northerly seal species like the harp seal have been found in the harbor in pursuit of some of the species mentioned above; others are yearlings who are continuing the trend on the U.S. East Coast of seals reclaiming former habitat, heading southward from mother populations in New England and Canada  and from more easterly parts of Long Island.  Colonies of harbor seals and greys are increasing their numbers with every passing year and will be seen in the area from December through April. Occasionally this species will swim upstream in the Hudson River.
Harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) - Has been seen in Upper New York Bay.
North American river otter (Lutra canadensis) - Native to the Hudson River and occasionally is seen at the mouth of the river. Restoration efforts by the state of New York are underway and appear to be successful.

Whales

All whales that visit the estuary are wild animals; many, like the humpback, may be mothers with calves.  The water from their blowholes will usually be visible long before the rest of the body is. They will defend themselves vigorously and violently if they believe they or their babies are in danger. A recommended distance of at least 100 yards must be maintained between a vessel and the whale, and pursuing one when it does not seek contact is illegal. It is not unknown for some species to be inquisitive and should the whale approach willingly, the boatmen must turn off the engine and give the beast a way out so that if the whale feels uneasy, it can leave.

Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) The largest of all whale species, and one of the rarest. Can be found just off Sandy Hook.
Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) The second largest species of whale. Will enter the Upper Harbor and  has been seen off Coney Island. This is the fastest swimming whale found in the estuary.
Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) Among whales, one of the most common visitors to the Harbor as of 2018.  Records going back over 300 years are very clear that whales were present in the area in historical times and only disappeared after the water became saturated with the garbage of humans.  Usually  humpbacks appear in the harbor around April and will not leave until late October: New York City and its surrounding waters are dead in the middle of their migration route, a huge territory that begins in Newfoundland, runs through New England, passes into the waters of Florida and the American South, and terminates in a strait between Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic.  The estuary is an excellent pit stop for mother whales wanting to teach their calves how to catch the fish that have returned in numbers not seen in over a century. In 2017 one humpback whale made international news when it breached in front of a camera less than a few miles from Battery Park and raised awareness that whales have "come home" at last to New York.
Minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)
North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) Extremely endangered. Less than 400 are left in the world. New York and New Jersey are in the center of its migration route between Florida and the Bay of Fundy in Canada.  Great care must be taken around this species of whale as most cannot outswim jet propelled boats and are frequent victims of ship strikes. All sightings should be reported to authorities like the Coast Guard or NYPD at once, for every member of this species is precious to its continued survival.

From 2007-2009, an expert from Cornell University did an experiment listening in on the acoustics of the Harbor Estuary, where, to the astonishment of many, he discovered at least six species of whale vocalizing less than 20 miles from where the Statue of Liberty stands, just past the Verrazano Bridge where the water gets deeper. Historical records show that whales were plentiful in the area going well back into colonial history: in 1697, the charter for Trinity Church  received its official royal charter, which gave it not only a large chunk of land in Lower Manhattan, but also  the profit from any whales or shipwrecks along the banks of the Hudson.  The return of these whales is evidence of the environment's improvement over the past forty years: whales have been absent from New York's waters west of the Hamptons for over a hundred years as the water became incredibly polluted and in 1989 the population was zero.  In 2009, however, a young humpback whale attempted to penetrate the gateway to the upper harbor when it passed under the Verrazano Bridge, causing the men and women ashore watching the whole debacle from Fort Hamilton a great deal of alarm, concerned for its health and the safety of the Coast Guard officers trying to herd the frightened, massive creature back out to sea (the whale returned unharmed.)  In late 2017, for the first time, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in partnership with the New York Aquarium began to count the whales in a census as the population has expanded mightily.

Tunicates
Golden star tunicate (Botryllus schlosseri)
Chain tunicate (Botrylloides violaceus)
Orange sheath tunicate (Botrylloides diegensis)
Sea grapes (Molgula manhattensis)
Sea vase (Ciona intestinalis)

Cnidarians
 Moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) A common sight that washes up on the shores of Rockaways, Queens every summer.
Lion's mane jellyfish (Cynanea capillata) The largest known jellyfish. Prefers the deepest waters just past the Verazzano Bridge and near Sandy Hook.
 White cross hydromedusa (Staurophora mertensi)
Tubular hydroid (Ectopleura crocea)
Orange-striped green sea anemone (Diadumene lineata)

 Corals

 Northern cup coral (Astrangia poculata)

Echinoderms
Atlantic starfish (Asterias forbesi)
Northern sea star (Asterias vulgaris)
Common sand dollar (Echinarachnius parma)

Mollusks

Bivalves

Atlantic bay scallop (Aequipectin irradians)
Atlantic jackknife clam (Ensis directus) Also known as a bamboo clam or razor clam.
 Atlantic ridged marsh mussel (Geukensia demissa)
Atlantic strawberry cockle (Americardia media)
Atlantic surf clam (Spisula solidissima) A species that is much prized as a food source. Very common near Sandy Hook.
Blue mussel (Mytulis edulis)
Coquina (Donax fossor) A very small species that is found where the tide meets the sand.
Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) - Once widely found through much of the harbor and a staple of the local diet from the time of the Algonquians up through the 19th century.  Oystering grounds were prevalent in the Upper Bay, as well as along the south shore of Staten Island and Jamaica Bay. The oyster still exists in the harbor but is not yet considered edible; there are plans to further clean up the areas so that the beds can be restored.
Quahog (Venus mercenaria)
Steamer clam (Mya arenaria)

Cephalopods
Longfin inshore squid (Loligo pealei) - Found in Lower New York Harbor and Sheepshead Bay. Often for sale in local farmers' markets.
Common octopus

Gastropods

 Common whelk (Buccinum undatum)Channeled whelk  (Busycon canaliculatum)
Common periwinkle (Littorina littorea) - Almost certainly introduced in colonial times by the British as food and possibly in bilgewater from ships.  Common sight clinging to rocks or wherever their favorite algae can grow.
Eastern mudsnail (Ilanassa obsoleta)
Oyster drill (Urosalpinx cinerea)
Lightning whelk (Busycon carica) Found in Sandy Hook.
Shark eye (Neverita duplicata)

Annelida
Hard tube worms  (Serpulid and Spirorbid worms)
Clam worm  (Nereis spp.)

 Porifera

 Red beard sponge (Clathria prolifera)Bryozoans
Lacy Bryozoan  (Membranipora membranacea)
Orange Bryozoan  (Watersipora subtorquata)Brown Bushy Bryozoan  (Bulgula neritina)Algae
Sea lettuce  (Ulva lactuca)
Hollow Green Weed  (Enteromorphia spp.)
Sour Weeds  (Desmarestia spp.'')

See also

 Geography of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary

References

NY/NJ Estuary
"Fishing for Answers in an Urban Estuary" - Teaching Guide About Newark Bay for Elementary Schools (NJDEP)
New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary Program - US EPA
US EPA: Newark Bay Study 2004
US Army Corps of Engineers: Newark Bay
Cornell University

External links
ftp://ftp.nodc.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0034/0071981/1.1/data/1-data/disc_contents/document/wp/urb_core.pdf

Port of New York and New Jersey
Environment of New York City
Environment of New Jersey

Marine life of New York–New Jersey Harbor Estuary


زورق المدفعية سفينة حربية مصممة لتحمل مدفعًا أو أكثر وذلك بهدف قصف الأهداف الساحلية، بعكس السفن الحربية الآخرى المصممة للاشتباكات البحرية، في الحرب العالمية الثانية كانت البحرية الملكية البريطانية تصنف زوارق المدفعية بزورق مطابق لزوارق الطوربيد لكن يحوي على مدافع آلية من عيارات أكبر لمهاجمة زوارق الطوربيد.

انظر أيضًا
 زورق دورية
 زورق صواريخ
 زورق طوربيد

مراجع

سفن قوات بحرية
أنواع السفن
سفن حربية
زوارق حربية

زورق مدفعية


Je voulais voir des anges (, Ia khotela ouvidet angelov) est un film russe réalisé par Sergueï Bodrov, sorti en 1992.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre original : Я хотела увидеть ангелов
 Titre français : Je voulais voir des anges
 Réalisation : Sergueï Bodrov
 Scénario : Sergueï Bodrov, Carolyn Cavallero
 Photographie : Alexeï Rodionov
 Musique : Igor Nazarouk
 Pays d'origine : Russie
 Format : Couleurs - 35 mm - Mono
 Genre : drame
 Durée : 83 minutes
 Date de sortie : 1992

Distribution
 Alexeï Baranov : Bob
 Natalia Ginko : Nat
 Lia Akhedjakova
 Alexeï Jarkov
 Evgueni Pivovarov : Kozyr

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film russe sorti en 1992
Film dramatique russe
Film réalisé par Sergueï Vladimirovitch Bodrov

Je voulais voir des anges