The 104th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1995, to January 3, 1997, during the third and fourth years of Bill Clinton's presidency. Apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1990 United States census.

Both chambers had Republican majorities for the first time since the 83rd Congress in 1953. Major events included passage of elements of the Contract with America and a budget impasse between Congress and the Clinton administration that resulted in the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996.

Major events

 January 3, 1995: Republicans gained control of both houses for the first time since 1955.
 January 31, 1995: President Clinton invoked emergency powers to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.
 April 19, 1995: Oklahoma City bombing
 August 30, 1995: NATO began Operation Deliberate Force against Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina
 November 14–19, 1995: U.S. government shutdown
 December 16, 1995 – January 6, 1996: U.S. government shutdown
 November 5, 1996: Re-election of President Bill Clinton; Democrats gained 8 seats in House; Republicans gained 2 seats in Senate.

Major legislation

 January 23, 1995: Congressional Accountability Act of 1995,
 March 22, 1995: Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-4
 April 10, 1995: Mexican Debt Disclosure Act of 1995, ,
 May 22, 1995: Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-13
 November 8, 1995: Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-45
 November 28, 1995: National Highway System Designation Act of 1995, ,
 December 19, 1995: Lobbying Disclosure Act, , ,
 December 22, 1995: Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, ,
 December 28, 1995: Housing for Older Persons Act, Pub.L. 104-76
 December 29, 1995: ICC Termination Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-88
 January 16, 1996: Federal Trademark Dilution Act, Pub.L. 104-98
 February 8, 1996: Telecommunications Act of 1996 (including the Communications Decency Act), , ,
 March 12, 1996: Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996 (Helms-Burton Act), , ,
 April 4, 1996: Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-127
 April 9, 1996: Line Item Veto Act, ,
 April 24, 1996: Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act, ,
 May 13, 1996: Mercury-Containing and Rechargeable Battery Management Act, Pub.L. 104-142
 May 17, 1996:   Megan's Law,
 July 30, 1996: Taxpayer Bill of Rights 2, ,
 August 3, 1996: National Gambling Impact Study Commission Act, ,
 August 3, 1996: Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, , ,
 August 5, 1996: Iran and Libya Sanctions Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-172
 August 20, 1996: Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, ,
 August 21, 1996: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), ,
 August 21, 1996: War Crimes Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-192
 August 22, 1996: Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act (Welfare Reform Act), ,
 September 21, 1996: Defense of Marriage Act, ,
 September 26, 1996; Mental Health Parity Act, Pub.L. 104-204
 September 30, 1996: Omnibus Consolidated Appropriations Act, 1997 (Includes Domestic Violence Offender Gun Ban, Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996; Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996) ,
 September 30, 1996: Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996, ,
 October 1, 1996: Emerson Good Samaritan Food Donation Act, ,
 October 3, 1996: Comprehensive Methamphetamine Control Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-237
 October 9, 1996: Helium Privatization Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-273
 October 11, 1996: National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-290
 October 11, 1996: Economic Espionage Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-294
 October 12, 1996: Water Resources Development Act of 1996, ,
 October 20, 1996: United States Commemorative Coin Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-329
 October 26, 1996: Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996, Pub.L. 104-330
 October 26, 1996: National Invasive Species Act, Pub.L. 104-332

Party summary

Senate

House of Representatives

Leadership

Senate

 President: Al Gore (D)
 President pro tempore: Strom Thurmond (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership
 Majority Leader:
 Bob Dole, until June 11, 1996
 Trent Lott, starting June 12, 1996
 Majority Whip:
 Trent Lott, until June 11, 1996
 Don Nickles, starting June 12, 1996
 Republican Conference Chairman: Thad Cochran
 Republican Conference Secretary: Connie Mack III
 Republican Campaign Committee Chair: Al D'Amato
 Republican Policy Committee Chairman:
 Don Nickles, until June 12, 1996
 Larry Craig, starting June 12, 1996

Minority (Democratic) leadership
 Minority Leader: Tom Daschle
 Minority Whip: Wendell Ford
 Policy Committee Co-Chairs: Tom Daschle and Harry Reid
 Democratic Conference Secretary: Barbara Mikulski
 Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Bob Kerrey
 Chief Deputy Whip: John Breaux

House of Representatives

 Speaker: Newt Gingrich (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership
 Majority Leader: Dick Armey
 Majority Vice of House: Tom DeLay
 Chief Deputy Whip: Dennis Hastert
 Republican Conference Chairman: John Boehner
 Republican Conference Vice-Chairwoman: Susan Molinari
 Republican Conference Secretary: Barbara Vucanovich
 Policy Committee Chairman: Christopher Cox
 Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: Bill Paxon

Minority (Democratic) leadership
 Minority Leader: Dick Gephardt
 Minority Whip: David Bonior
 Chief Deputy Minority Whips: Rosa DeLauro, John Lewis, & Bill Richardson
 Democratic Caucus Chairman: Vic Fazio
 Democratic Caucus Vice-Chairman: Barbara B. Kennelly
 Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Martin Frost

Caucuses
 Armenian Caucus
 Biomedical Research Caucus
 Blue Dog Coalition
 Congressional Arts Caucus
 Congressional Asian Pacific American Caucus
 Congressional Automotive Caucus
 Congressional Bike Caucus
 Congressional Black Caucus
 Congressional Caucus on India and Indian Americans
 Congressional Caucus on Korea
 Congressional Fire Services Caucus
 Congressional Friends of Ireland Caucus
 Congressional Hispanic Caucus
 Congressional Motorsports Caucus
 Congressional Pediatric & Adult Hydrocephalus Caucus
 Congressional Progressive Caucus
 Congressional Portuguese-American Caucus
 Congressional Travel & Tourism Caucus
 Congressional Western Caucus
 Congresswomen's Caucus
 Hong Kong Caucus
 House Democratic Caucus
 Law Enforcement Caucus
 Northern Border Caucus
 Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Caucus
 Senate Democratic Caucus

Members
Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1996; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1998; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 2000.

Alabama
 2. Howell Heflin (D)
 3. Richard Shelby (R)

Alaska
 2. Ted Stevens (R)
 3. Frank Murkowski (R)

Arizona
 1. Jon Kyl (R)
 3. John McCain (R)

Arkansas
 2. David Pryor (D)
 3. Dale Bumpers (D)

California
 1. Dianne Feinstein (D)
 3. Barbara Boxer (D)

Colorado
 2. Hank Brown (R)
 3. Ben Nighthorse Campbell (D, then R)

Connecticut
 1. Joe Lieberman (D)
 3. Chris Dodd (D)

Delaware
 1. William Roth (R)
 2. Joe Biden (D)

Florida
 1. Connie Mack III (R)
 3. Bob Graham (D)

Georgia
 2. Sam Nunn (D)
 3. Paul Coverdell (R)

Hawaii
 1. Daniel Akaka (D)
 3. Daniel Inouye (D)

Idaho
 2. Larry Craig (R)
 3. Dirk Kempthorne (R)

Illinois
 2. Paul Simon (D)
 3. Carol Moseley-Braun (D)

Indiana
 1. Dick Lugar (R)
 3. Dan Coats (R)

Iowa
 2. Tom Harkin (D)
 3. Chuck Grassley (R)

Kansas
 2. Nancy Kassebaum (R)
 3. Bob Dole (R), until June 11, 1996
 Sheila Frahm (R), June 11, 1996 – November 6, 1996
 Sam Brownback (R), from November 6, 1996

Kentucky
 2. Mitch McConnell (R)
 3. Wendell Ford (D)

Louisiana
 2. J. Bennett Johnston (D)
 3. John Breaux (D)

Maine
 1. Olympia Snowe (R)
 2. William Cohen (R)

Maryland
 1. Paul Sarbanes (D)
 3. Barbara Mikulski (D)

Massachusetts
 1. Ted Kennedy (D)
 2. John Kerry (D)

Michigan
 1. Spencer Abraham (R)
 2. Carl Levin (D)

Minnesota
 1. Rod Grams (R)
 2. Paul Wellstone (DFL)

Mississippi
 1. Trent Lott (R)
 2. Thad Cochran (R)

Missouri
 1. John Ashcroft (R)
 3. Kit Bond (R)

Montana
 1. Conrad Burns (R)
 2. Max Baucus (D)

Nebraska
 1. Bob Kerrey (D)
 2. J. James Exon (D)

Nevada
 1. Richard Bryan (D)
 3. Harry Reid (D)

New Hampshire
 2. Bob Smith (R)
 3. Judd Gregg (R)

New Jersey
 1. Frank Lautenberg (D)
 2. Bill Bradley (D)

New Mexico
 1. Jeff Bingaman (D)
 2. Pete Domenici (R)

New York
 1. Daniel Patrick Moynihan (D)
 3. Al D'Amato (R)

North Carolina
 2. Jesse Helms (R)
 3. Lauch Faircloth (R)

North Dakota
 1. Kent Conrad (D-NPL)
 3. Byron Dorgan (D-NPL)

Ohio
 1. Mike DeWine (R)
 3. John Glenn (D)

Oklahoma
 2. Jim Inhofe (R)
 3. Don Nickles (R)

Oregon
 2. Mark Hatfield (R)
 3. Bob Packwood (R), until October 1, 1995
 Ron Wyden (D), from February 6, 1996

Pennsylvania
 1. Rick Santorum (R)
 3. Arlen Specter (R)

Rhode Island
 1. John Chafee (R)
 2. Claiborne Pell (D)

South Carolina
 2. Strom Thurmond (R)
 3. Fritz Hollings (D)

South Dakota
 2. Larry Pressler (R)
 3. Tom Daschle (D)

Tennessee
 1. Bill Frist (R)
 2. Fred Thompson (R)

Texas
 1. Kay Bailey Hutchison (R)
 2. Phil Gramm (R)

Utah
 1. Orrin Hatch (R)
 3. Bob Bennett (R)

Vermont
 1. Jim Jeffords (R)
 3. Patrick Leahy (D)

Virginia
 1. Chuck Robb (D)
 2. John Warner (R)

Washington
 1. Slade Gorton (R)
 3. Patty Murray (D)

West Virginia
 1. Robert Byrd (D)
 2. Jay Rockefeller (D)

Wisconsin
 1. Herb Kohl (D)
 3. Russ Feingold (D)

Wyoming
 1. Craig L. Thomas (R)
 2. Alan Simpson (R)

House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama
 . Sonny Callahan (R)
 . Terry Everett (R)
 . Glen Browder (D)
 . Tom Bevill (D)
 . Robert E. Cramer (D)
 . Spencer Bachus (R)
 . Earl Hilliard (D)

Alaska
 . Don Young (R)

Arizona
 . Matt Salmon (R)
 . Ed Pastor (D)
 . Bob Stump (R)
 . John Shadegg (R)
 . Jim Kolbe (R)
 . J. D. Hayworth (R)

Arkansas
 . Blanche Lincoln (D)
 . Ray Thornton (D), until January 1, 1997
 . Tim Hutchinson (R), until January 2, 1997
 . Jay Dickey (R)

California
 . Frank Riggs (R)
 . Wally Herger (R)
 . Vic Fazio (D)
 . John Doolittle (R)
 . Bob Matsui (D)
 . Lynn Woolsey (D)
 . George Miller (D)
 . Nancy Pelosi (D)
 . Ron Dellums (D)
 . William P. Baker (R)
 . Richard Pombo (R)
 . Tom Lantos (D)
 . Pete Stark (D)
 . Anna Eshoo (D)
 . Norman Mineta (D), until October 10, 1995
 Tom Campbell (R), from December 12, 1995
 . Zoe Lofgren (D)
 . Sam Farr (D)
 . Gary Condit (D)
 . George Radanovich (R)
 . Cal Dooley (D)
 . Bill Thomas (R)
 . Andrea Seastrand (R)
 . Elton Gallegly (R)
 . Anthony Beilenson (D)
 . Buck McKeon (R)
 . Howard Berman (D)
 . Carlos Moorhead (R)
 . David Dreier (R)
 . Henry Waxman (D)
 . Xavier Becerra (D)
 . Matthew G. Martínez (D)
 . Julian Dixon (D)
 . Lucille Roybal-Allard (D)
 . Esteban Edward Torres (D)
 . Maxine Waters (D)
 . Jane Harman (D)
 . Walter R. Tucker III (D), until December 15, 1995
 Juanita Millender-McDonald (D), from March 26, 1996
 . Steve Horn (R)
 . Ed Royce (R)
 . Jerry Lewis (R)
 . Jay Kim (R)
 . George Brown Jr. (D)
 . Ken Calvert (R)
 . Sonny Bono (R)
 . Dana Rohrabacher (R)
 . Bob Dornan (R)
 . Christopher Cox (R)
 . Ron Packard (R)
 . Brian Bilbray (R)
 . Bob Filner (D)
 . Duke Cunningham (R)
 . Duncan L. Hunter (R)

Colorado
 . Pat Schroeder (D)
 . David Skaggs (D)
 . Scott McInnis (R)
 . Wayne Allard (R)
 . Joel Hefley (R)
 . Dan Schaefer (R)

Connecticut
 . Barbara B. Kennelly (D)
 . Sam Gejdenson (D)
 . Rosa DeLauro (D)
 . Chris Shays (R)
 . Gary A. Franks (R)
 . Nancy Johnson (R)

Delaware
 . Mike Castle (R)

Florida
 . Joe Scarborough (R)
 . Pete Peterson (D)
 . Corrine Brown (D)
 . Tillie Fowler (R)
 . Karen Thurman (D)
 . Cliff Stearns (R)
 . John Mica (R)
 . Bill McCollum (R)
 . Michael Bilirakis (R)
 . Bill Young (R)
 . Sam Gibbons (D)
 . Charles T. Canady (R)
 . Dan Miller (R)
 . Porter Goss (R)
 . Dave Weldon (R)
 . Mark Foley (R)
 . Carrie Meek (D)
 . Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (R)
 . Harry Johnston (D)
 . Peter Deutsch (D)
 . Lincoln Diaz-Balart (R)
 . Clay Shaw (R)
 . Alcee Hastings (D)

Georgia
 . Jack Kingston (R)
 . Sanford Bishop (D)
 . Mac Collins (R)
 . John Linder (R)
 . John Lewis (D)
 . Newt Gingrich (R)
 . Bob Barr (R)
 . Saxby Chambliss (R)
 . Nathan Deal (D) until April 1995; (R) thereafter
 . Charlie Norwood (R)
 . Cynthia McKinney (D)

Hawaii
 . Neil Abercrombie (D)
 . Patsy Mink (D)

Idaho
 . Helen Chenoweth (R)
 . Mike Crapo (R)

Illinois
 . Bobby Rush (D)
 . Mel Reynolds (D), until October 1, 1995
 Jesse Jackson Jr. (D), from December 12, 1995
 . Bill Lipinski (D)
 . Luis Gutiérrez (D)
 . Michael Patrick Flanagan (R)
 . Henry Hyde (R)
 . Cardiss Collins (D)
 . Phil Crane (R)
 . Sidney R. Yates (D)
 . John Porter (R)
 . Jerry Weller (R)
 . Jerry Costello (D)
 . Harris W. Fawell (R)
 . Dennis Hastert (R)
 . Thomas W. Ewing (R)
 . Don Manzullo (R)
 . Lane Evans (D)
 . Ray LaHood (R)
 . Glenn Poshard (D)
 . Dick Durbin (D)

Indiana
 . Pete Visclosky (D)
 . David M. McIntosh (R)
 . Tim Roemer (D)
 . Mark Souder (R)
 . Steve Buyer (R)
 . Dan Burton (R)
 . John T. Myers (R)
 . John Hostettler (R)
 . Lee H. Hamilton (D)
 . Andrew Jacobs Jr. (D)

Iowa
 . Jim Leach (R)
 . Jim Nussle (R)
 . Jim Ross Lightfoot (R)
 . Greg Ganske (R)
 . Tom Latham (R)

Kansas
 . Pat Roberts (R)
 . Sam Brownback (R), until November 7, 1996
 Jim Ryun (R), from November 27, 1996
 . Jan Meyers (R)
 . Todd Tiahrt (R)

Kentucky
 . Ed Whitfield (R)
 . Ron Lewis (R)
 . Mike Ward (D)
 . Jim Bunning (R)
 . Hal Rogers (R)
 . Scotty Baesler (D)

Louisiana
 . Bob Livingston (R)
 . William J. Jefferson (D)
 . Billy Tauzin (D, then R)
 . Cleo Fields (D)
 . Jim McCrery (R)
 . Richard Baker (R)
 . Jimmy Hayes (D, then R)

Maine
 . James B. Longley Jr. (R)
 . John Baldacci (D)

Maryland
 . Wayne Gilchrest (R)
 . Bob Ehrlich (R)
 . Ben Cardin (D)
 . Albert Wynn (D)
 . Steny Hoyer (D)
 . Roscoe Bartlett (R)
 . Kweisi Mfume (D), until February 15, 1996
 Elijah Cummings (D), from April 16, 1996
 . Connie Morella (R)

Massachusetts
 . John Olver (D)
 . Richard Neal (D)
 . Peter I. Blute (R)
 . Barney Frank (D)
 . Marty Meehan (D)
 . Peter G. Torkildsen (R)
 . Ed Markey (D)
 . Joseph P. Kennedy II (D)
 . Joe Moakley (D)
 . Gerry Studds (D)

Michigan
 . Bart Stupak (D)
 . Pete Hoekstra (R)
 . Vern Ehlers (R)
 . Dave Camp (R)
 . James A. Barcia (D)
 . Fred Upton (R)
 . Nick Smith (R)
 . Dick Chrysler (R)
 . Dale Kildee (D)
 . David Bonior (D)
 . Joe Knollenberg (R)
 . Sander Levin (D)
 . Lynn N. Rivers (D)
 . John Conyers (D)
 . Barbara-Rose Collins (D)
 . John Dingell (D)

Minnesota
 . Gil Gutknecht (R)
 . David Minge (DFL)
 . Jim Ramstad (R)
 . Bruce Vento (DFL)
 . Martin Olav Sabo (DFL)
 . Bill Luther (DFL)
 . Collin Peterson (DFL)
 . Jim Oberstar (DFL)

Mississippi
 . Roger Wicker (R)
 . Bennie Thompson (D)
 . Sonny Montgomery (D)
 . Michael Parker (D, then R)
 . Gene Taylor (D)

Missouri
 . Bill Clay (D)
 . Jim Talent (R)
 . Dick Gephardt (D)
 . Ike Skelton (D)
 . Karen McCarthy (D)
 . Pat Danner (D)
 . Mel Hancock (R)
 . Bill Emerson (R), until June 22, 1996
 Jo Ann Emerson (R), from November 5, 1996
 . Harold Volkmer (D)

Montana
 . Pat Williams (D)

Nebraska
 . Doug Bereuter (R)
 . Jon Lynn Christensen (R)
 . Bill Barrett (R)

Nevada
 . John Ensign (R)
 . Barbara Vucanovich (R)

New Hampshire
 . Bill Zeliff (R)
 . Charles Bass (R)

New Jersey
 . Rob Andrews (D)
 . Frank LoBiondo (R)
 . Jim Saxton (R)
 . Chris Smith (R)
 . Marge Roukema (R)
 . Frank Pallone (D)
 . Bob Franks (R)
 . William J. Martini (R)
 . Robert Torricelli (D)
 . Donald M. Payne (D)
 . Rodney Frelinghuysen (R)
 . Dick Zimmer (R)
 . Bob Menendez (D)

New Mexico
 . Steven Schiff (R)
 . Joe Skeen (R)
 . Bill Richardson (D)

New York
 . Michael Forbes (R)
 . Rick Lazio (R)
 . Peter T. King (R)
 . Dan Frisa (R)
 . Gary Ackerman (D)
 . Floyd Flake (D)
 . Thomas J. Manton (D)
 . Jerry Nadler (D)
 . Chuck Schumer (D)
 . Edolphus Towns (D)
 . Major Owens (D)
 . Nydia Velázquez (D)
 . Susan Molinari (R)
 . Carolyn Maloney (D)
 . Charles Rangel (D)
 . José E. Serrano (D)
 . Eliot Engel (D)
 . Nita Lowey (D)
 . Sue W. Kelly (R)
 . Benjamin Gilman (R)
 . Michael R. McNulty (D)
 . Gerald Solomon (R)
 . Sherwood Boehlert (R)
 . John M. McHugh (R)
 . James T. Walsh (R)
 . Maurice Hinchey (D)
 . Bill Paxon (R)
 . Louise Slaughter (D)
 . John J. LaFalce (D)
 . Jack Quinn (R)
 . Amo Houghton (R)

North Carolina
 . Eva Clayton (D)
 . David Funderburk (R)
 . Walter B. Jones Jr. (R)
 . Fred Heineman (R)
 . Richard Burr (R)
 . Howard Coble (R)
 . Charlie Rose (D)
 . Bill Hefner (D)
 . Sue Myrick (R)
 . Cass Ballenger (R)
 . Charles H. Taylor (R)
 . Mel Watt (D)

North Dakota
 . Earl Pomeroy (D)

Ohio
 . Steve Chabot (R)
 . Rob Portman (R)
 . Tony P. Hall (D)
 . Mike Oxley (R)
 . Paul Gillmor (R)
 . Frank Cremeans (R)
 . Dave Hobson (R)
 . John Boehner (R)
 . Marcy Kaptur (D)
 . Martin Hoke (R)
 . Louis Stokes (D)
 . John Kasich (R)
 . Sherrod Brown (D)
 . Thomas C. Sawyer (D)
 . Deborah Pryce (R)
 . Ralph Regula (R)
 . Jim Traficant (D)
 . Bob Ney (R)
 . Steve LaTourette (R)

Oklahoma
 . Steve Largent (R)
 . Tom Coburn (R)
 . William K. Brewster (D)
 . J. C. Watts (R)
 . Ernest Istook (R)
 . Frank Lucas (R)

Oregon
 . Elizabeth Furse (D)
 . Wes Cooley (R)
 . Ron Wyden (D), until February 6, 1996
 Earl Blumenauer (D), from May 21, 1996
 . Peter DeFazio (D)
 . Jim Bunn (R)

Pennsylvania
 . Thomas M. Foglietta (D)
 . Chaka Fattah (D)
 . Robert A. Borski Jr. (D)
 . Ron Klink (D)
 . William F. Clinger Jr. (R)
 . Tim Holden (D)
 . Curt Weldon (R)
 . James C. Greenwood (R)
 . Bud Shuster (R)
 . Joseph M. McDade (R)
 . Paul Kanjorski (D)
 . John Murtha (D)
 . Jon D. Fox (R)
 . William J. Coyne (D)
 . Paul McHale (D)
 . Robert Smith Walker (R)
 . George Gekas (R)
 . Mike Doyle (D)
 . William F. Goodling (R)
 . Frank Mascara (D)
 . Phil English (R)

Rhode Island
 . Patrick J. Kennedy (D)
 . Jack Reed (D)

South Carolina
 . Mark Sanford (R)
 . Floyd Spence (R)
 . Lindsey Graham (R)
 . Bob Inglis (R)
 . John Spratt (D)
 . Jim Clyburn (D)

South Dakota
 . Tim Johnson (D)

Tennessee
 . Jimmy Quillen (R)
 . Jimmy Duncan (R)
 . Zach Wamp (R)
 . Van Hilleary (R)
 . Bob Clement (D)
 . Bart Gordon (D)
 . Ed Bryant (R)
 . John S. Tanner (D)
 . Harold Ford Sr. (D)

Texas
 . Jim Chapman (D)
 . Charlie Wilson (D), until October 8, 1996
 . Sam Johnson (R)
 . Ralph Hall (D)
 . John Wiley Bryant (D)
 . Joe Barton (R)
 . Bill Archer (R)
 . Jack Fields (R)
 . Steve Stockman (R)
 . Lloyd Doggett (D)
 . Chet Edwards (D)
 . Pete Geren (D)
 . Mac Thornberry (R)
 . Greg Laughlin (D, then R)
 . Kika de la Garza (D)
 . Ronald D. Coleman (D)
 . Charles Stenholm (D)
 . Sheila Jackson Lee (D)
 . Larry Combest (R)
 . Henry B. González (D)
 . Lamar Smith (R)
 . Tom DeLay (R)
 . Henry Bonilla (R)
 . Martin Frost (D)
 . Ken Bentsen Jr. (D)
 . Dick Armey (R)
 . Solomon P. Ortiz (D)
 . Frank Tejeda (D)
 . Gene Green (D)
 . Eddie Bernice Johnson (D)

Utah
 . James V. Hansen (R)
 . Enid Greene Waldholtz (R)
 . Bill Orton (D)

Vermont
 . Bernie Sanders (I)

Virginia
 . Herbert H. Bateman (R)
 . Owen B. Pickett (D)
 . Bobby Scott (D)
 . Norman Sisisky (D)
 . Lewis F. Payne Jr. (D)
 . Bob Goodlatte (R)
 . Thomas J. Bliley Jr. (R)
 . Jim Moran (D)
 . Rick Boucher (D)
 . Frank Wolf (R)
 . Tom Davis (R)

Washington
 . Rick White (R)
 . Jack Metcalf (R)
 . Linda Smith (R)
 . Doc Hastings (R)
 . George Nethercutt (R)
 . Norm Dicks (D)
 . Jim McDermott (D)
 . Jennifer Dunn (R)
 . Randy Tate (R)

West Virginia
 . Alan Mollohan (D)
 . Bob Wise (D)
 . Nick Rahall (D)

Wisconsin
 . Mark Neumann (R)
 . Scott L. Klug (R)
 . Steve Gunderson (R)
 . Jerry Kleczka (D)
 . Tom Barrett (D)
 . Tom Petri (R)
 . Dave Obey (D)
 . Toby Roth (R)
 . Jim Sensenbrenner (R)

Wyoming
 . Barbara Cubin (R)

Non-voting members
 . Eni Faleomavaega (D)
 . Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
 . Robert A. Underwood (D)
 . Victor O. Frazer (I)
 . Carlos Romero Barceló (Resident Commissioner) (D)

Changes in membership

Senate

|-
| Colorado(3)
| nowrap  | Ben Nighthorse Campbell (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party March 3, 1995
| nowrap  | Ben Nighthorse Campbell (R)
| March 3, 1995
|-
| Oregon(3)
| nowrap  | Bob Packwood (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 7, 1995 after the Senate Ethics Committee recommended expulsion 6-0 over Packwood's sexual misconduct. Successor elected January 30, 1996 to the remainder of the term ending on January 3, 1999.
| nowrap  | Ron Wyden (D)
| Seated February 6, 1996
|-
| Kansas(3)
| nowrap  | Bob Dole (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Incumbent resigned on June 11, 1996, to campaign for the Presidency.Successor was appointed the same day to continue the term.
| nowrap  | Sheila Frahm (R)
| June 11, 1996
|-
| Kansas(3)
| nowrap  | Sheila Frahm (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Interim appointee lost nomination.Successor elected November 5, 1996 to the remainder of the term ending on January 3, 1999.
| nowrap  | Sam Brownback (R)
| November 6, 1996
|}

House of Representatives

|-
| Georgia 9th
|  | Nathan Deal (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party April 10, 1995
|  | Nathan Deal (R)
| April 10, 1995
|-
| Texas 14th
|  | Greg Laughlin (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party June 26, 1995
|  | Greg Laughlin (R)
| June 26, 1995
|-
| Louisiana 3rd
|  | Billy Tauzin (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party August 8, 1995
|  | Billy Tauzin (R)
| August 8, 1995
|-
| Illinois 2nd
|  | Mel Reynolds (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 1, 1995
|  | Jesse Jackson Jr. (D)
| December 15, 1995
|-
| California 15th
|  | Norman Mineta (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 10, 1995
|  | Tom Campbell (R)
| December 12, 1995
|-
| Mississippi 4th
|  | Michael Parker (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party November 10, 1995
|  | Michael Parker (R)
| November 10, 1995
|-
| Louisiana 7th
|  | Jimmy Hayes (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Changed party December 1, 1995
|  | Jimmy Hayes (R)
| December 1, 1995
|-
| California 37th
|  | Walter R. Tucker III (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned December 15, 1995, due to scandals during his past tenure as Mayor of Compton
|  | Juanita Millender-McDonald (D)
| March 26, 1996
|-
|
|  | Ron Wyden (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 6, 1996, after being elected to the U.S. Senate
|  | Earl Blumenauer (D)
| May 21, 1996
|-
| Maryland 7th
|  | Kweisi Mfume (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 15, 1996, to become CEO of the NAACP
|  | Elijah Cummings (D)
| April 16, 1996
|-
| Missouri 8th
|  | Bill Emerson (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Died June 22, 1996
|  | Jo Ann Emerson (I/R)
| November 5, 1996
|-
| Kansas 2nd
|  | Sam Brownback (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 27, 1996, retroactive to November 7 after being elected to the US Senate
|  | Jim Ryun (R)
| November 27, 1996
|-
| Arkansas 2nd
|  | Ray Thornton (D)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 1, 1997
| rowspan=2 |Vacant
| rowspan=2 |Vacant for remainder of term
|-
| Arkansas 3rd
|  | Tim Hutchinson (R)
| style="font-size:80%" | Resigned January 2, 1997, after being elected to the US Senate
|}

Committees

Senate
 Aging (Special) (William S. Cohen, Chair; David Pryor, Ranking Member)
 Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry (Richard Lugar, Chair; Patrick Leahy, Ranking Member)
 Forestry, Conservation and Rural Revitalization (Larry E. Craig, Chair; Howell Heflin, Ranking Member)
 Marketing, Inspection and Product Promotion (Jesse Helms, Chair; Kent Conrad, Ranking Member)
 Research, Nutrition and General Legislation (Thad Cochran, Chair; David Pryor, Ranking Member)
 Appropriations (Mark Hatfield, Chair; Robert C. Byrd, Ranking Member)
 Agriculture, Rural Development and Related Agencies (Thad Cochran, Chair; Dale Bumpers, Ranking Member)
 Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary (Phil Gramm, Chair; Ernest Hollings, Ranking Member)
 Defense (Ted Stevens, Chair; Daniel Inouye, Ranking Member)
 District of Columbia (James Jeffords, Chair; Herb Kohl, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Water Development (Pete Domenici, Chair; J. Bennett Johnston, Ranking Member)
 Foreign Operations (Mitch McConnell, Chair; Patrick Leahy, Ranking Member)
 Interior and Related Agencies (Slade Gorton, Chair; Robert C. Byrd, Ranking Member)
 Labor, Health, Human Services and Education (Arlen Specter, Chair; Tom Harkin, Ranking Member)
 Legislative Branch (Connie Mack III, Chair; Patty Murray, Ranking Member)
 Military Construction (Conrad Burns, Chair; Harry Reid, Ranking Member)
 Transportation (Mark Hatfield, Chair; Frank Lautenberg, Ranking Member)
 Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Richard Shelby, Chair; J. Robert Kerrey, Ranking Member)
 VA-HUD Independent Agencies (Kit Bond, Chair; Barbara A. Mikulski, Ranking Member)
 Armed Services (Strom Thurmond, Chair; Sam Nunn, Ranking Member)
 Acquisition and Technology (Bob Smith, Chair; Jeff Bingaman, Ranking Member)
 Airland Forces (John Warner, Chair; Carl Levin, Ranking Member)
 Personnel (Dan Coats, Chair; Robert Byrd, Ranking Member)
 Readiness (John McCain, Chair; John Glenn, Ranking Member)
 Seapower (William S. Cohen, Chair; Edward M. Kennedy, Ranking Member)
 Strategic Forces (Trent Lott, Chair; J. James Exon, Ranking Member)
 Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs (Al D'Amato, Chair; Paul Sarbanes, Ranking Member)
 Securities (Phil Gramm, Chair; Chris Dodd, Ranking Member)
 Financial Institutions and Regulatory Relief (Richard Shelby, Chair; Richard Bryan, Ranking Member)
 International Finance (Kit Bond, Chair; Barbara Boxer, Ranking Member)
 Housing Opportunity and Community Development (Connie Mack III, Chair; John F. Kerry, Ranking Member)
 HUD Oversight and Activities (Lauch Faircloth, Chair; Carol Moseley-Braun, Ranking Member)
 Budget (Pete Domenici, Chair; J. James Exon, Ranking Member)
 Commerce, Science and Transportation (Larry Pressler, Chair; Ernest F. Hollings, Ranking Member)
 Aviation (John McCain, Chair; Wendell H. Ford, Ranking Member)
 Communications (Bob Packwood, Chair; Ernest F. Hollings, Ranking Member)
 Consumer Affairs, Foreign Commerce and Tourism (Slade Gorton, Chair; J. James Exon, Ranking Member)
 Oceans and Fisheries (Ted Stevens, Chair; John F. Kerry, Ranking Member)
 Science, Technology and Space (Conrad Burns, Chair; John D. Rockefeller IV, Ranking Member)
 Surface Transportation and Merchant Marine (Trent Lott, Chair; Daniel K. Inouye, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Natural Resources (Frank H. Murkowski, Chair; J. Bennett Johnston, Ranking Member)
 Energy Production and Regulation (Don Nickles, Chair; Jeff Bingaman, Ranking Member)
 Energy Research and Development (Pete Domenici, Chair; Wendell H. Ford, Ranking Member)
 Forests and Public Land Management (Larry E. Craig, Chair; Bill Bradley, Ranking Member)
 Parks, Historic Preservation and Recreation (Ben Nighthorse Campbell, Chair; Dale Bumpers, Ranking Member)
 Oversight and Investigations (Craig Thomas, Chair; Daniel Akaka, Ranking Member)
 Environment and Public Works (John H. Chafee, Chair; Max Baucus, Ranking Member)
 Clear Air, Wetlands, Private Property and Nuclear Safety (Lauch Faircloth, Chair; Bob Graham, Ranking Member)
 Drinking Water, Fisheries and Wildlife (Dirk Kempthorne, Chair; Harry Reid, Ranking Member)
 Superfund, Waste Control and Risk Assessment (Bob Smith, Chair; Frank Lautenberg, Ranking Member)
 Transportation and Infrastructure (John Warner, Chair; Max Baucus, Ranking Member)
 Ethics (Select) (Mitch McConnell, Chair; Richard H. Bryan, Ranking Member)
 Finance (Bob Packwood, Chair; Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Ranking Member)
 International Trade (Chuck Grassley, Chair; Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Ranking Member)
 Long-Term Growth, Debt and Deficit Reduction (Larry Pressler, Chair; David H. Pryor, Ranking Member)
 Medicare, Long-Term Care and Health Insurance (John H. Chafee, Chair; Bob Graham, Ranking Member)
 Medicaid and Health-Care for Low-Income Families (Bob Dole, Chair; John D. Rockefeller IV, Ranking Member)
 Social Security and Family Policy (Alan K. Simpson, Chair; John B. Breaux, Ranking Member)
 Taxation and IRS Oversight (Orrin G. Hatch, Chair; Bill Bradley, Ranking Member)
 Foreign Relations (Jesse Helms, Chair; Claiborne Pell, Ranking Member)
 African Affairs (Nancy Kassebaum, Chair; Russ Feingold, Ranking Member)
 East Asian and Pacific Affairs (Craig Thomas, Chair; Charles Robb, Ranking Member)
 European Affairs (Richard Lugar, Chair; Joe Biden, Ranking Member)
 International Economic Policy, Export and Trade Promotion (Fred Thompson, Chair; Paul S. Sarbanes, Ranking Member)
 International Operations (Olympia J. Snowe, Chair; John Kerry, Ranking Member)
 Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs (Hank Brown, Chair; Dianne Feinstein, Ranking Member)
 Western Hemisphere and Peace Corps Affairs (Paul Coverdell, Chair; Chris Dodd, Ranking Member)
 Governmental Affairs (Bill Roth, Chair; John Glenn, Ranking Member)
 Oversight of Government Management and the District of Columbia (William S. Cohen, Chair; Carl Levin, Ranking Member)
 Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations (Bill Roth, Chair; Sam Nunn, Ranking Member)
 International Economic Policy, Export and Trade Promotion (Fred Thompson, Chair; Paul Sarbanes, Ranking Member)
 Post Office and Civil Service (Ted Stevens, Chair; David Pryor, Ranking Member)
 Indian Affairs (Select) (John McCain, Chair; Daniel K. Inouye, Ranking Member)
 Judiciary (Orrin G. Hatch, Chair; Joe Biden, Ranking Member)
 Administration Oversight and the Courts (Chuck Grassley, Chair; Howell Heflin, Ranking Member)
 Antitrust, Business Rights and Competition (Strom Thurmond, Chair; Patrick Leahy, Ranking Member)
 Constitution, Federalism and Property Rights (Hank Brown, Chair; Paul Simon, Ranking Member)
 Immigration (Alan K. Simpson, Chair; Edward M. Kennedy, Ranking Member)
 Terrorism, Technology and Government Information (Arlen Specter, Chair; Herb Kohl, Ranking Member)
 Youth Violence (Fred Thompson, Chair; Joe Biden, Ranking Member)
 Intelligence (Select) (Arlen Specter, Chair; J. Robert Kerrey, Vice Chair)
 Labor and Human Resources (Nancy Landon Kassebaum, Chair; Edward M. Kennedy, Ranking Member)
 Aging (Judd Gregg, Chair; Barbara A. Mikulski, Ranking Member)
 Children and Families (Dan Coats, Chair; Chris Dodd, Ranking Member)
 Disability Policy (Bill Frist, Chair; Tom Harkin, Ranking Member)
 Education, Arts and Humanities (James Jeffords, Chair; Claiborne Pell, Ranking Member)
 Rules and Administration (Ted Stevens, Chair; Wendell H. Ford, Ranking Member)
 Small Business (Kit Bond, Chair; Dale Bumpers, Ranking Member)
 Veterans' Affairs (Alan K. Simpson, Chair; John D. Rockefeller IV, Ranking Member)
 Whitewater Committee (Special) (Al D'Amato, Chair; Paul Sarbanes, Ranking Member)

House of Representatives
 Agriculture (Pat Roberts, Chair; Kika de la Garza, Ranking Member)
 General Farm Commodities (Bill Barrett, Chair; Charles W. Stenholm, Ranking Member)
 Livestock, Dairy and Poultry (Steve Gunderson, Chair; Harold Volkmer, Ranking Member)
 Risk Management and Specialty Crops (Thomas W. Ewing, Chair; Charlie Rose, Ranking Member)
 Department Operations, Nutrition and Foreign Agriculture (Bill Emerson, Chair; Gary A. Condit, Ranking Member)
 Resource Conservation, Research and Forestry (Wayne Allard, Chair; Tim Johnson, Ranking Member)
 Appropriations (Bob Livingston, Chair; Dave Obey, Ranking Member)
 Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration and Related Agencies (Joe Skeen, Chair; Dick Durbin, Ranking Member)
 Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary (Hal Rogers, Chair; Alan B. Mollohan, Ranking Member)
 District of Columbia (James T. Walsh, Chair; Julian Dixon, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Water Development (John T. Myers, Chair; Tom Bevill, Ranking Member)
 Foreign Operations, Export Financing and Related Programs (Sonny Callahan, Chair; Charlie Wilson, Ranking Member)
 Labor, Health, Human Services and Education (John Edward Porter, Chair; David Obey, Ranking Member)
 Interior (Ralph Regula, Chair; Sidney Yates, Ranking Member)
 Legislative (Ron Packard, Chair; Vic Fazio, Ranking Member)
 Military Construction (Barbara Vucanovich, Chair; Bill Hefner, Ranking Member)
 National Security (Bill Young, Chair; John Murtha, Ranking Member)
 Transportation (Frank Wolf, Chair; Martin Olav Sabo, Ranking Member)
 Treasury, Postal Service and General Government (Jim Lightfoot, Chair; Steny Hoyer, Ranking Member)
 VA, HUD and Independent Agencies (Jerry Lewis, Chair; Louis Stokes, Ranking Member)
 Banking and Financial Services (Jim Leach, Chair; Henry B. Gonzalez, Ranking Member)
 Capital Markets, Securities and Government-Sponsored Enterprises (Richard H. Baker, Chair; Paul E. Kanjorski, Ranking Member)
 Domestic and International Monetary Policy (Michael Castle, Chair; Floyd Flake, Ranking Member)
 Financial Institutions and Consumer Credit (Marge Roukema, Chair; Bruce Vento, Ranking Member)
 General Oversight and Investigations (Spencer Bachus, Chair; Kweisi Mfume, Ranking Member)
 Housing and Community Opportunity (Rick Lazio, Chair; Joseph P. Kennedy II, Ranking Member)
 Budget (John Kasich, Chair; Martin Olav Sabo, Ranking Member)
 Commerce (Thomas J. Bliley, Chair; John D. Dingell, Ranking Member)
 Commerce, Trade and Hazardous Materials (Mike Oxley, Chair; Billy Tauzin, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Power (Dan Schaefer, Chair; Frank Pallone, Ranking Member)
 Health and Environment (Michael Bilirakis, Chair; Henry A. Waxman, Ranking Member)
 Oversight and Investigations (Joe Barton, Chair; Ron Wyden, Ranking Member)
 Telecommunications and Finance (Jack Fields, Chair; Edward J. Markey, Ranking Member)
 Economic and Educational Opportunities (Bill Goodling, Chair; Bill Clay, Ranking Member)
 Early Childhood, Youth and Families (Duke Cunningham, Chair; Dale E. Kildee, Ranking Member)
 Employer-Employee Relations (Harris W. Fawell, Chair; Matthew G. Martinez, Ranking Member)
 Oversight and Investigations (Peter Hoekstra, Chair; Thomas C. Sawyer, Ranking Member)
 Postsecondary Education, Training and Life-Long Learning (Buck McKeon, Chair; Pat Williams, Ranking Member)
 Workforce Protections (Cass Ballenger, Chair; Major Owens, Ranking Member)
 Government Reform and Oversight (William F. Clinger, Chair; Cardiss Collins, Ranking Member)
 Civil Service (John Mica, Chair; Jim Moran, Ranking Member)
 District of Columbia (Thomas M. Davis, Chair; Eleanor Holmes Norton, Ranking Member)
 Government Management, Information and Technology (Steve Horn, Chair; Carolyn B. Maloney, Ranking Member)
 Human Resources and Ingovernmental Relations (Chris Shays, Chair; Edolphus Towns, Ranking Member)
 National Economic Growth, Natural Resources and Regulatory Affairs (David McIntosh, Chair; Collin C. Peterson, Ranking Member)
 National Security, International Affairs and Criminal Justice (Bill Zeliff, Chair; Karen L. Thurman, Ranking Member)
 Postal Service (John M. McHugh, Chair; Barbara-Rose Collins, Ranking Member)
 House Oversight (Bill Thomas, Chair; Vic Fazio, Ranking Member)
 International Relations (Benjamin Gilman, Chair; Lee H. Hamilton, Ranking Member)
 International Economic Policy and Trade (Toby Roth, Chair; Sam Gejdenson, Ranking Member)
 Asia and the Pacific (Doug Bereuter, Chair; Howard Berman, Ranking Member)
 International Operations and Human Rights (Christopher H. Smith, Chair; Tom Lantos, Ranking Member)
 Western Hemisphere (Dan Burton, Chair; Robert G. Torricelli, Ranking Member)
 Africa (Ileana Ros-Lehtinen, Chair; Gary L. Ackerman, Ranking Member)
 Judiciary (Henry J. Hyde, Chair; John Conyers, Ranking Member)
 Commercial and Administrative Law (George W. Gekas, Chair; Jack Reed, Ranking Member)
 Courts and Intellectual Property (Carlos J. Moorhead, Chair; Patricia Schroeder, Ranking Member)
 Crime (Bill McCollum, Chair; Chuck Schumer, Ranking Member)
 Immigration and Claims (Lamar S. Smith, Chair; John Bryant, Ranking Member)
 The Constitution (Charles T. Canady, Chair; Barney Frank, Ranking Member)
 National Security (Floyd D. Spence, Chair; Ron Dellums, Ranking Member)
 Military Installations and Facilities (Joel Hefley, Chair; Solomon P. Ortiz, Ranking Member)
 Military Personnel (Bob Dornan, Chair; Owen B. Pickett, Ranking Member)
 Military Procurement (Duncan Hunter, Chair; Ike Skelton, Ranking Member)
 Military Readiness (Herbert H. Bateman, Chair; Norman Sisisky, Ranking Member)
 Military Research and Development (Curt Weldon, Chair; John M. Spratt, Ranking Member)
 Resources (Don Young, Chair; George Miller, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Mineral Resources (Ken Calvert, Chair; Neil Abercrombie, Ranking Member)
 Fisheries, Wildlife and Oceans (Jim Saxton, Chair; Gerry E. Studds, Ranking Member)
 National Parks, Forests and Lands (James V. Hansen, Chair; Bill Richardson, Ranking Member)
 Native American and Insular Affairs (Elton Gallegly, Chair; Eni Faleomavaega, Ranking Member)
 Water and Power Resources (John T. Doolittle, Chair; Peter A. DeFazio, Ranking Member)
 Rules (Gerald B.H. Solomon, Chair; Joe Moakley, Ranking Member)
 Legislative Process (Porter Goss, Chair; Martin Frost, Ranking Member)
 Rules of the House (David Dreier, Chair; Anthony C. Beilenson, Ranking Member)
 Science (Robert S. Walker, Chair; George E. Brown Jr., Ranking Member)
 Basic Research (Steven Schiff, Chair; Pete Geren, Ranking Member)
 Energy and Development (Dana Rohrabacher, Chair; James A. Hayes, Ranking Member)
 Space and Aeronautics (Jim Sensenbrenner, Chair; Ralph M. Hall, Ranking Member)
 Technology (Constance A. Morella, Chair; John S. Tanner, Ranking Member)
 Small Business (Jan Meyers, Chair; John L. LaFalce, Ranking Member)
 Government Programs (Peter G. Torkildsen, Chair; Glenn Poshard, Ranking Member)
 Procurement, Exports and Business Opportunities (Donald A. Manzullo, Chair; Eva Clayton, Ranking Member)
 Regulation and Paperwork (Jim Talent, Chair; Nydia Velazquez, Ranking Member)
 Tax and Finance (Linda Smith, Chair; Marty Meehan, Ranking Member)
 Standards of Official Conduct (Nancy Johnson, Chair; Jim McDermott, Ranking Member)
 Transportation and Infrastructure (Bud Shuster, Chair; Norman Mineta, Ranking Member)
 Aviation (John J. Duncan Jr., Chair; James L. Oberstar, Ranking Member)
 Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation (Howard Coble, Chair; James A. Traficant, Ranking Member)
 Public Buildings and Economic Development (Wayne T. Gilchrest, Chair; Robert E. Wise Jr., Ranking Member)
 Railroads (Susan Molinari, Chair; William O. Lipinski, Ranking Member)
 Surface Transportation (Tom Petri, Chair; Nick J. Rahall, Ranking Member)
 Water Resources and Development (Sherwood Boehlert, Chair; Robert A. Borski, Ranking Member)
 Veterans' Affairs (Bob Stump, Chair; Sonny Montgomery, Ranking Member)
 Compensation, Pension, Insurance and Memorial Affairs (Terry Everett, Chair; Lane Evans, Ranking Member)
 Education, Training, Employment and Housing (Steve Buyer, Chair; Maxine Waters, Ranking Member)
 Hospitals and Health Care (Tim Hutchinson, Chair; Chet Edwards, Ranking Member)
 Ways and Means (Bill Archer, Chair; Sam Gibbons, Ranking Member)
 Health (Bill Thomas, Chair; Charles Rangel, Ranking Member)
 Human Resources (E. Clay Shaw Jr., Chair; Harold E. Ford Sr., Ranking Member)
 Oversight (Nancy Johnson, Chair; Bob Matsui, Ranking Member)
 Social Security (Jim Bunning, Chair; Andrew Jacobs Jr., Ranking Member)
 Trade (Phil Crane, Chair; Charles Rangel, Ranking Member)
 Whole

Joint committees
 Economic (Sen. Connie Mack, Chair; Rep. Jim Saxton, Vice Chair)
 Taxation (Rep. Bill Archer, Chair; Sen. Bob Packwood, Vice Chair)
 The Library (Sen. Mark Hatfield, Chair; Rep. Bill Thomas, Vice Chair)
 Printing (Rep. Bill Thomas, Chair; Sen. Ted Stevens, Vice Chair)

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors
 Architect of the Capitol:
 George M. White, until November 21, 1995
 William L. Ensign (acting), from November 21, 1995
 Attending Physician of the United States Congress: John F. Eisold
 Comptroller General of the United States:
 Charles A. Bowsher, until 1996
 vacant, starting 1996
 Director of the Congressional Budget Office:
 Robert D. Reischauer, until February 28, 1995
 June E. O'Neill, from March 1, 1995
 Librarian of Congress: James H. Billington
 Public Printer of the United States: Michael F. DiMario

Senate
 Chaplain:
 Richard C. Halverson (Presbyterian), until March 11, 1995
 Lloyd John Ogilvie (Presbyterian), from March 11, 1995
 Curator:
 James R. Ketchum, until July 1, 1995
 Diane K. Skvarla, from July 1, 1995
 Historian: Richard A. Baker
 Parliamentarian: Bob Dove
 Secretary:
 Sheila P. Burke, until June 7, 1995
 Kelly D. Johnston, June 8, 1995 – September 30, 1996
 Gary Lee Sisco, from October 1, 1996
 Librarian: Roger K. Haley
 Secretary for the Majority: Elizabeth B. Greene
 Secretary for the Minority:
 C. Abbott Saffold, until 1995
 Martin P. Paone, from 1995
 Sergeant at Arms:
 Howard O. Greene Jr., until September 6, 1996
 Gregory S. Casey, from September 6, 1996

House of Representatives
 Chaplain: James D. Ford (Lutheran)
 Chief Administrative Officer:
 Scott Faulkner, until November 22, 1996
 Jeff Trandahl (acting), from November 22, 1996
 Clerk: Robin H. Carle
 Historian: Christina Jeffrey, 1995 (briefly)
 Parliamentarian: Charles W. Johnson III
 Reading Clerks:
 Meg Goetz (D)
 Bob Berry along with Paul Hays (R)
 Sergeant at Arms: Wilson Livingood
 Inspector General: John W. Lainhart IV

See also
 List of new members of the 104th United States Congress
 1994 United States elections (elections leading to this Congress)
 1994 United States Senate elections
 1994 United States House of Representatives elections
 1996 United States elections (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
 1996 United States presidential election
 1996 United States Senate elections
 1996 United States House of Representatives elections

Notes

References

External links
 Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
 U.S. House of Representatives: Congressional History
 U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists

104th United States Congress


Mozilla Kitabı, Netscape ve Mozilla tabanlı web tarayıcılarında bulunan bir yazılım sürpriz yumurtasıdır. Tarayıcıda about:mozilla adresine girilerek görülebilir.

Gerçekte Mozilla Kitabı adlı bir kitap olmamakla birlikte, Netscape ve Mozilla tarayıcıları, Mozilla Kitabı adlı kutsal bir kitaptan alıntılanmış ayetler gibi görünen bazı sözler içerir. Bu sözler, genellikle Vahiy Kitabı'nın üslubuna benzer şekilde yazılmış alametlerdir. about:mozilla adresine girildiğinde, bordo zemin üzerinde beyazla yazılmış ve sembolik anlamlar içeren sözler görünür. Bu ifadeler, kullanılan tarayıcının sürümüne göre değişiklik gösterir.

Mozilla Kitabı'nın yedi resmi ayeti vardır. Ayet numaraları ise Netscape ve Mozilla'nın geçmişindeki önemli tarihleri gün:ay şeklinde ifade eder.

Yedi ayetin tümünde dehşet verici bir "dev hayvan"dan bahsedilir. Netscape; alev püskürten, ejderha benzeri bir kertenkeleyi maskotu olarak benimsemiş ve ona Mozilla adını vermişti. Mozilla Kitabı'nda bahsedilen dev hayvanın da alev püskürten dev bir kertenkele türü olduğu varsayılır.

Mozilla Kitabı, 12:10
Mozilla Kitabı ilk olarak 1995'te çıkan Netscape 1.1 tarayıcısında şu ayetle görülmüştür:

And the beast shall come forth surrounded by a roiling cloud of vengeance. The house of the unbelievers shall be razed and they shall be scorched to the earth. Their tags shall blink until the end of days.

from The Book of Mozilla, 12:10

Ayet numarası olan 12:10, Netscape Navigator 1.0'ın çıktığı 10 Aralık 1994'ü işaret eder.

Mozilla Kitabı, 3:31
Sonraki ayet, Netscape'nin kodunu açıp Mozilla projesini başlattığı gün olan 31 Mart 1998'i işaret eder.

And the beast shall be made legion. Its numbers shall be increased a thousand thousand fold. The din of a million keyboards like unto a great storm shall cover the earth, and the followers of Mammon shall tremble.

from The Book of Mozilla, 3:31
(Red Letter Edition)

İfadenin Türkçe çevirisi şu şekildedir:

Ve dev hayvan tümene dönüşecek. Sayıları binlerce ve binlerce kat artacak. Milyonlarca klavyenin gürültüsü büyük bir fırtına gibi dünyayı kaplayacak ve Mammon'un müritleri korkudan titreyecek.

Mozilla Kitabı, 7:15

And so at last the beast fell and the unbelievers rejoiced. But all was not lost, for from the ash rose a great bird. The bird gazed down upon the unbelievers and cast fire and thunder upon them. For the beast had been reborn with its strength renewed, and the followers of Mammon cowered in horror.

from The Book of Mozilla, 7:15

İfadenin Türkçe çevirisi şu şekildedir:

Sonunda dev hayvan yenildi ve inançsızlar neşeye büründü. Ancak her şey bitmemişti, zira küllerden büyük bir kuş yükseldi. Kuş, inançsızlara tepeden bakarak onlara ateş ve gök gürültüsü savurdu. Dev hayvan yeniden doğmuş ve eski gücüne kavuşmuştu ki Mammon'un müritleri korkudan sindiler.

Bu ayet, America Online firmasının Mozilla projesini kapattığı ve Mozilla Vakfı'nın kurulduğu gün olan 15 Temmuz 2003'ü işaret eder. Dev hayvanın küllerinden yeniden doğan kuş, küllerinden doğan zümrüdüankayı sembolize eder. Firefox'un ilk adı zümrüdüanka anlamına gelen Phoenix'tir.) Gök gürültüsü Mozilla Thunderbird e-posta istemcisini, Mammon ise Mozilla'nın en büyük rakibi Microsoft'u temsil eder.

Mozilla Kitabı, 11:9

Mammon uyudu. Yeniden doğan dev hayvan tüm Dünya'ya yayıldı ve onu destekleyenlerin sayısı arttı. Varlıklarını duyurdular ve tilki kurnazlığıyla ekinleri ateşe kurban ettiler. Kutsal sözlerin rehberliğinde kendilerine yeni bir dünya yarattılar ve çocuklarına dev hayvandan bahsettiler. Mammon uyandı, ama o artık takipçiden başka hiçbir şey değildi.

<p style="font-size: 1.95em; font-family: serif; text-align: right">Mozilla Kitabı'ndan, 11:9(10. baskı)

Bu sürümden itibaren Mozilla yazılımlarının Türkçe sürümlerinde Mozilla Kitabı ayetleri Türkçe olarak yer alır. Ayet numarası, Firefox 1.0'ın çıktığı 9 Kasım 2004'ü işaret eder. "Mammon", iki sürüm arasında (Internet Explorer 6 ile 7) arasında 5 yıl "uyuyan" Internet Explorer'ı temsil eder. "Yeniden doğan dev hayvan" Firefox'u, "onu destekleyenler" ise kendi olanaklarıyla The New York Times gazetesine ilan verme ve Firefox logosu şeklinde bir ekin çemberi yapan Firefox destekçilerini temsil eder. "Tilki kurnazlığı", Firefox'un adına yapılan bir göndermedir. "Yeni dünya", çağdaş standartlara dayalı dinamik web sitelerini ve açık kaynaklı uygulamaları ifade eder. Ayetin ikinci kısmında Mozilla Manifestosu'na ve about:Mozilla adlı e-posta bültenine bağlantılar bulunur. "Mammon uyandı" şeklinde başlayan son cümle, Internet Explorer'ın yeni sürümünün çıktığını ama büyük ölçüde Firefox'un popüler hale getirdiği işlevleri kopyaladığını anlatır. "10. baskı" notu ise Mozilla Vakfı'nın 10. kuruluş yıldönümünü ifade eder.

Mozilla Kitabı, 15:1

Mammon'un ikizleri bozuştu. Onların savaşı dünyayı yeni bir karanlığa sürükledi, ve dev hayvan da karanlıktan iğrendi. Böylece  süratle hareket etmeye başladı, büyüyerek güçlendi, geleceğe doğru ilerledi ve çoğaldı. Ve dev hayvanlar, karanlığa ateş ve ışıkla karşılık verdiler.

Mozilla Kitabı'ndan, 15:1

23 Ocak 2013'te ilk kez ortaya çıkan bu ayet, Firefox 21 sürümüne dahil olmuştur.

"Mammon'un ikizleri", mobil işletim sistemi pazarını ele geçiren Apple ve Google'ın mobil işletim sistemleri iOS ve Android'i temsil eder. "Yeni karanlık", uygulama mağazalarının kapalı yapısına atıfta bulunur. Dev hayvanın "süratle hareket etmesi", Firefox'un yeni hızlı sürüm döngüsünü ifade eder. Dev hayvanın "çoğalması" ise Android için Firefox ve Firefox OS'in çıkmasıyla birlikte Firefox'un çoğalmasını ifade eder. Ayet numarası olan 15:1, Firefox 1.0 kodlarının son halini aldığı 15 Ocak 2013'e bir göndermedir.

Mozilla Kitabı, 11:14

Dev hayvan, yeni giysilerini giydi ve zamanı, uzayı, ışığı ve enerjinin evrendeki akışını etüt etti. Dev hayvanın çalışmaları, oksitlenmiş metalden yepyeni yapılar meydana getirdi ve dev hayvanın şanı yürüdü. Dev hayvana inananlar, onun öğretilerinde yeniden gayelerini buldular ve bayram ettiler.

Mozilla Kitabı'ndan, 11:14

Bu ayet ilk defa 22 Eylül 2017'de ortaya çıkmış ve Firefox 57'ye eklenmiştir.

Ayet, Quantum projesi kapsamında Firefox 57 sürümünde yapılan büyük değişikliklere atıfta bulunur. "Uzay ve zaman" kuantum kuramını, "akış" Quantum Flow projesini, "yeni giysiler" ve "ışık" Photon projesi adı verilen arayüz tasarımını ifade eder. "Pas" anlamına gelen "oksitlenmiş metal" ise Rust (Türkçesi pas) programlama diline bir göndermedir. Quantum projesi, Mozilla'nın geliştirdiği Rust programlama diliyle yazılan Servo tarayıcı motorunu ilk parçasını içerir. Ayet numarası olan 11:14, Firefox 57'nin çıktığı 14 Kasım 2017 tarihini ifade eder.

Mozilla Kitabı, 6:27

Dev hayvan, yenilenen odak noktasıyla muazzam kaynaklar yarattı ve yeni gerçeklikler tasarladı. Dev hayvana inananlar ve onu destekleyenler, dev hayvanın daha küçük bir halini yaratmaya koyuldular ve  muzır  vasıtalarla onu tüm dünyaya yaydılar.

Mozilla Kitabı'ndan 6:27

Bu ayet ilk defa 22 Temmuz 2020'de ortaya çıkmış Firefox Nightly 80'e eklenmiştir. Ayette vurgulanan terimler, GeckoView motoruyla yenilenerek performansı artırılan Firefox Focus, Reference Browser ve Firefox Reality uygulamalarına atıfta bulunur.

Kitap
Netscape
Bilgisayar mizahı

Mozilla Kitabı


Ho Chi Minhs Tanker ()er  den politiske filosofi i Det kommunistiske parti i Vietnam. Siden 1991 er indholdet blevet til ud fra Ho Chi Minhs tanker i  perioderne med hans aktiviteter i den revolutionære bevægelse i Vietnam og internationalt. Tankerne var pligtlæsning for embedsmænd i Vietnam i begyndelsen og midten af det 20. århundrede. Ho Chi Minhs Tanker er en udkrystallisering af vietnamesisk kultur, franske revolutionære ideer, liberale ideer, marxist-leninistiske idealer og Ho Chi Minhs personlige kvaliteter.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kommunisme
Vietnams historie

Ho Chi Minhs tanker


First Annual Anti Anti Fashion Video Performance er en eksperimentalfilm instrueret af Torben Skjødt Jensen efter manuskript af Torben Skjødt Jensen.

Handling
Et formeksperiment med udgangspunkt i reklame- og modeverdenen. Del af antologien »Englefjæs og andre videoer«.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1985

Eksperimentalfilm fra Danmark


Buel may refer to:

Places

Buel, Kansas
Buel, Kentucky
Lake Buel, Massachusetts, United States
Buel Township, Michigan, United States

People
Alexander W. Buel
David Hillhouse Buel (disambiguation)

See also
 Buell (disambiguation)
 Bühl (disambiguation)

Buel


Pseudaethesolithon, monotipski fosilni rod crvenih alga iz podrazreda Corallinophycidae. Taksonomski status roda je priznat, a njegova jedina vrsta je P. iranicum iz ranog do srednjeg miocena pronađena na lokalitetu iranske provincije Fars

Izvori

Corallinophycidae

Pseudaethesolithon


Boletus (Carl von Linné, 1753) este un gen de ciuperci al încrengăturii Basidiomycota din familia Boletaceae care cuprinde mult peste 100 de specii și coabitează, fiind un simbiont micoriza (formează micorize pe rădăcinile arborilor). Numele generic este derivat din cuvântul latin () care decurge la rândul său de la cuvântul din limba greacă antică bolitos (), ce înseamnă "ciuperci de pe pământ", fiind cunoscut în popor sub denumirea hribi. Acest gen este caracterizat prin tubulețe fixate vertical sub pălărie precum un picior în mod general cu bază bulboasă. Cel mai cunoscut reprezentant precum tipul de specie este Boletus edulis (hribul cenușiu). Acest gen a fost definit și descris de Carl von Linné, pentru prima oară în anul 1753. Familia boletaceelor este răspândită peste toate continentele (în afară de Antarctida).

Descriere
Genul Boletus este o ciupercă de diversificare mai recentă (între 44 și 34 milioane de ani) din timpul perioadei geologice Eocen, în diferență cu Agaricus (între 178 și 139 milioane de ani).

 Pălăria: are o pălărie netedă și fără luciu de diferite culori de la alb-gri și gălbui la maro închis cu un diametru de până 30 cm. La început, pălăria este semisferică, având mai târziu mereu forma unei perne.

 Tuburile și porii: are tubulețe fixate vertical sub pălărie, nu lamele ca  de exemplu la Agaricus bisporus și Agaricus edulis, nici pori, acești cuvin genului Polyporus sau stinghii ca la genul Cantharellus). Din aceste tubulețe cad după procesul de maturare a sporilor. Culoarea acestora diferă tare. În majoritatea cazurilor sunt albe, galbene sau roșii.
 Piciorul:  are un picior robust și cărnos, de până la 10 cm lățime, scund și obez la început, iar apoi întins, robust, în mod general cu bază bulboasă de până la 12 cm lățime, cunoscut de la hribi, câteodată de formă fusiformă, ca de exemplu la Boletus aestivalis sau Boletus citrinus. Culorile sunt foarte diferite: alb, galben, maroniu, maro-roșcat, adesea oară cu gratii de la maro peste roșu înfocat, purpuriu până la aproape negru care se întind reticulari peste suprafață dar și cu picățele colorate diferențiat sau cu ochiuri.

Acest tip de ciupercă formează o ecto-micoriză cu rădăcinile de copaci diferiți (în mod special cu molizi, brazi, fagi și stejari), care, în unele cazuri, apare ca ecotipuri foarte specializate.

Comestibilitate
Singurele ciuperci precis otrăvitoare, dar nu mortale, din familia Boletaceae sunt Boletus satanas (buretele dracului) și speciile înrudite ca de exemplu Boletus lupinus, Boletus rhodoxanthus, Boletus satanoides și altele puține. Mai departe există un număr mic de ciuperci suspecte (Boletus luridus, Boletus splendidus)  sau incomestibile, fie că sunt de gust prost sau foarte amare ca Boletus calopus, Tylopilus felleus sau Boletus radicans.
Majoritatea acestor bureți sunt comestibili și de savoare, dar din păcate, specia este tare atacată de numeroase larve, în special în perioada de creștere.

Conservare
Cel mai bun fel de conservare este uscatul bureților. De abia atunci bureții dezvoltă aroma precum gustul lor extraordinar. Ei pot să fie și congelați sau prelucrați conservă. În ultimul caz sunt foarte moi și puțin gustoase. În cele mai multe cazuri se folosesc hribi.

Taxonomie
Genul Boletus este mare și are o istorie taxonomică complexă. Index Fungorum enumeră peste 300 de denumiri științifice, care au fost aplicate acestui gen, deși numărul de nume în prezent valabile este mai mic. În plus, față de sinonimie, multe specii au fost mutate în alte genuri cum sunt de exemplu Caloboletus, Gyroporus, Leccinum, Suillus, Tylopilus, sau Xerocomus. Analizele filogenetice moleculare furnizează noi informații cu privire la relațiile dintre populațiile Boletus. Pentru un laic este foarte greu a găsii o orânduire clară, pentru că din păcate sinonimele și chiar schimburile de nume diferă intre țări precum scientiști.
Următoarea tabelă arată câteva exemple ale speciei:

Galerie de imagini

Boletus pe timbre

Note

Bibliografie
 Marcel Bon: "Pareys Buch der Pilze", Editura Kosmos, Halberstadt 2012,  ISBN 978-3-440-13447-4
 Bruno Cetto, volumele 1-4 (vezi sus)
 Ernst Gäumann: "Vergleichende Morphologie der Pilze", Editura Gustav Fischer, Jena 1926
 Jean-Louis Lamaison & Jean-Marie Polese: "Der große Pilzatlas", Editura Tandem Verlag GmbH, Potsdam 2012, ISBN 978-3-8427-0483-1
 Hans E. Laux: "Der große Pilzführer, Editura Kosmos, Halberstadt 2001, ISBN 978-3-440-14530-2
 Meinhard Michael Moser: " Röhrlinge und Blätterpilze - Kleine Kryptogamenflora Mitteleuropas" ediția a 5-ea, vol. 2, Editura Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart 1983.
 Rolf Singer: "Die Pilze Mitteleuropas", vol. 5 și 6: "Die Röhrlinge, pârțile 1 și 2", Editura Justus Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 1965-1967

Legături externe

Boletus
Micoriză
1753 în știință

Boletus


NGC 2683, William Herschel tarafından 5 Şubat 1788 tarihinde keşfedilmiş bir çubuksuz sarmal gökada. Vaşak takımyıldızı yönünde yer alan NGC 2683 Dünya'dan dik olarak görünür ve yaklaşık 25 milyon ışık yılı uzaklıktadır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 http://www.seds.org/~spider/spider/Misc/n2683.html

Vaşak takımyıldızı
Sarmal galaksiler
Çubuksuz sarmal galaksiler
2683
24930
04641
William Herschel'in keşifleri
1788'de keşfedilen astronomik cisimler

NGC 2683


Temperatura zasićenja je termodinamički pojam kojim se opisuje temperatura pri kojoj se određeni sustav nalazi u stanju termodinamičke ravnoteže. Pri tome je entropija toga sustava maksimalna, odnosno Gibbsova slobodna energija je minimalna. Ako se pri odgovarajućoj temperaturi zasićenja sustav, koji je u stanju termodinamičke ravnoteže, nalazi pod uvjetima okolišnog tlaka, takva temperatura se naziva vrelište.

Isparivanje

Isparivanje je prijelaz iz kapljevitog u parovito agregatno stanje. Tijekom takvog procesa kapljevita i parovita faza, kao dva različita agregatna stanja, uvijek stoje u međusobnoj toplinskoj i mehaničkoj ravnoteži, tj. kapljevita i parovita faza imaju isti tlak p i istu temperaturu ϑ. Kako je gustoća kapljevite faze različita od gustoće parovite faze, ovakav sustav nije više homogen, nego heterogen.
U tehnički važnim uređajima, kao npr. u parnom kotlu, proces isparivanja odvija se pri konstantnom tlaku pa stoga promotrimo proces sa slike desno. U jednom, s pomičnim stapom, zatvorenom cilindru nalazi se kapljevina početne temperature ϑa. Na stap s gornje strane postavljen je uteg, koji ostaje na tom mjestu tijekom izvođenja eksperimenta čime se održava konstantni tlak. Dovođenjem topline, temperatura kapljevini počinje rasti uz neznatno povećanje njezina volumena. Kao toplinsko stanje b, koje je određeno tlakom p i temperaturom ϑb, označimo ono toplinsko stanje kada se na ogrjevnoj plohi pojavi prvi parni mjehur, tj. od tog toplinskog stanja počinje proces isparivanja. Daljnjim dovođenjem topline nastaje sve više i više parovite iz kapljevite faze. Kako je volumen pare veći od volumena kapljevine, to će tijekom nastajanja toplinskog stanja c doći do neznatnog povećanja volumena, a što se registrira primjetnim podizanjem stapa u cilindru. No termometar u toplinskom stanju c pokazuje istu temperaturu kao i u prethodnom stanju b, što znači da se proces isparivanja pri konstantnom tlaku odvija i uz konstantnu temperaturu. Ovu temperaturu nazivamo temperaturom zasićenja i obično je označavamo s ϑ'. Daljnjim dovođenjem topline nastaje sve više i više parovite faze, uz također primjetno podizanje stapa. Temperatura ϑ' ostaje konstantna sve dok s ogrjevne plohe ne iščezne i zadnji sloj kapljevite faze. To je toplinsko stanje d. Ako se i nakon postignutog stanja d i dalje dovodi toplina, nastaloj će pari rasti i temperatura i volumen.

Krivulja napetosti (p,ϑ - dijagram)
Jednoj temperaturi zasićenja odgovara sasvim određeni tlak (tlak zasićenja) pri kojemu isparava neka kapljevina. To znači da će određena kapljevina isparivati pri temperaturi zasićenja ϑ', ovisno o tlaku pod kojim se nalazi. Tako npr. ako se voda nalazi pod tlakom 1,0113 bar, tada će ona isparivati pri temperaturi 100 °C, a ako je tlak vode 0,5 bar, tada će voda isparivati pri temperaturi 32,88 °C, dok pri tlaku 10 bara temperatura zasićenja (isparivanja) iznosi 179,99 °C. To znači da višem tlaku odgovara i viša temperatura zasićenja i obrnuto, nižem tlaku odgovara i niža temperatura zasićenja.

Za svaku tvar postoje linije napetosti pri određenim promjenama stanja: krutina - kapljevina, kapljevina - para, krutina - para. Sve ove tri linije napetosti se prikazuju u p,ϑ - dijagramu. Linija A predstavlja liniju napetosti krutina - kapljevina i na njoj se pri zadanom tlaku odvija prijelaz iz krute u kapljevitu fazu (taljenje) i obrnuto (skrućivanje), dok linija B predstavlja liniju napetosti kapljevina - para, a linija C označava liniju napetosti krutina - para. Naznačene krivulje napetosti, A, B i C dijele cjelokupnu p,ϑ - ravninu na tri područja: pothlađene kapljevine, pothlađene krutine i područje pregrijane pare. U istom su dijagramu naznačeni i pojedini prijelazi. Tako linija I - II predstavlja izobarni prijelaz iz područja pothlađene krutine u područje pothlađene kapljevine, dok linija III - IV predstavlja izobarni prijelaz od pothlađene kapljevine do pregrijane pare, a linija V - VI označava izobarni prijelaz od pothlađene krutine do pregrijane pare. Same fazne pretvorbe smještene su u točkama na odgovarajućim linijama napetosti pa tako točka 1 predstavlja taljenje (ili obratno, skrućivanje), točka 2 označava isparivanje (ili obratno, kondenzaciju) i konačno, točka 3 predstavlja sublimaciju, odnosno obrnuto desublimaciju.
Vidi se da se sve tri linije spajaju u jednoj točki, Tr, koju nazivamo trojna točka (tripel točka). Ona predstavlja takvo toplinsko stanje tvari u kojemu se u međusobnoj toplinskoj i mehaničkoj ravnoteži nalaze sve tri faze: parovita, kapljevita i kruta.
Samo za stanja koja leže ispod točke Kr moguća je ravnoteža između kapljevite i parovite faze, dok za toplinska stanja koja leže iznad Kr ne postoji jasna granica između kapljevite i parovite faze. Točku Kr nazivamo kritičnom točkom, a relevantne veličine stanja u toj točki nazivamo kritičnim veličinama: kritični tlak pKr, kritična temperatura TKr i kritični specifični volumen vKr. Svaka tvar ima svoju poznatu kritičnu točku. Tako npr. veličine stanja za vodu u kritičnoj točku su: pKr = 221,20 bar, ϑKr = 374,15 °C i vKr = 0,00317 m3/kg, dok za ugljikov dioksid veličine stanja u kritičnoj točki iznose: pKr = 73,9 bar, ϑKr = 31,05 °C i vKr = 0,002143 m3/kg.

Termodinamička ravnoteža heterogenog (zasićenog) područja
U zasićenom području para i kapljevina iste tvari nalaze se u međusobnoj termodinamičkoj ravnoteži, tj. obje faze imaju isti tlak i istu temperaturu. Ista se tvrdnja odnosi i na heterogeno područje kapljevina - para, krutina - para, odnosno područje trojnog stanja krutina - kapljevina - para. Navedena tvrdnja se dokazuje razmatranjem jednog zatvorenog heterogenog sustava, koji je zatvoren unutar izolirane posude čvrstih stijenki, kako kvalitativno prikazuje slika ispod.

Uzmimo da se heterogeni sustav (tvar) sastoji iz kapljevite i parovite faze. Kako je ukupna entropija heterogenog sustava ekstenzivna veličina stanja, ona je, zbog svojstva aditivnosti, jednaka zbroju entropije obiju faza pa se može pisati: .
Prema gornjoj jednadžbi, entropija S sustava je funkcija šest varijabli: mase, volumena i unutrašnje energije vrele kapljevine i suhozasićene pare.
Ukupna je masa gornjeg sustava također jednaka zbroju mase vrele kapljevine i suhozasićene pare: , a analogno je ukupni volumen jednak zboju volumena kapljevite i parovite faze: .
Kako su veličine m, U, V i S promatranog sustava konstantne, to znači da se veličine jedne faze mogu odrediti u funkciji veličina druge faze. Daljnjim izvođenjem dobije se:

Iz gornjih jednadžbi proizlazi da mora biti ispunjen uvjet , tj. uvjet toplinske ravnoteže između kapljevite i parovite faze, kao i uvjet , tj. uvjet mehaničke ravnoteže između kapljevite i parovite faze.

Primjeri uobičajenih vrelišta čistih tvari

Kemijski elementi
 Najnižu temperaturu vrelišta ima helij, a iznosi -269 °C
 Najviša temperatura vrelišta se u literaturi jednoliko navodi: volfram i renij na temperaturi iznad 5000 °C
 Usporedbom grupa plemenitih plinova, nemetala, polumetala i metala pokazuje se da metali imaju puno više vrelište nego nemetali jer metalne veze predstavljaju najčvršće veze.
Iznimke: Živa ima vrelište na temperaturi 357 °C, što je neobično nisko vrelište za metale.  Ugljik kao nemetal ima iznimno visoku točku vrelišta i to na 4827 °C.

Izvori

Termodinamika
Fizikalna kemija

Temperatura zasićenja


G2 Esports é uma organização profissional de esportes eletrônicos de origem espanhola com sede em Berlim, Alemanha, com jogadores competindo em League of Legends, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive, Rainbow Six Siege, Valorant, Rocket League, Fortnite e iRacing. A organização foi fundada na Espanha em 24 de fevereiro de 2014 como Gamers2 pelo ex-jogador profissional de League of Legends Carlos "ocelote" Rodríguez Santiago e o investidor Jens Hilgers. A organização foi renomeada para G2 Esports em 15 de outubro de 2015.

Organização

Carlos Rodríguez renunciou ao cargo de CEO da G2 em 23 de setembro de 2022, em meio à controvérsia em torno de sua convivência com Andrew Tate, conhecido por seus comentários misóginos nas mídias sociais. Ele já havia sido suspenso de sua posição depois que um clipe dele festejando com Andrew e seu irmão Tristan Tate se tornou viral. Os comentaristas mais tarde suspeitaram que esse incidente fosse a razão pela qual a G2 foi negada a ter um lugar na franquia na temporada de 2023 do Valorant Champions Tour. Carlos Rodriguez foi posteriormente suspenso de competições sancionadas pela Riot Games até 13 de novembro de 2022, tendo que seguir uma sensibilidade e treinamento executivo para ser permitido de volta a LEC.

Divisões atuais

League of Legends
Depois que Carlos "ocelote" Rodríguez deixou a equipe de League of Legends da SK Gaming no outono de 2013, o espanhol resolveu construir sua própria equipe. A Gamers2 se classificou para disputar a etapa de primavera da EU LCS de 2016 e logo após foi renomeada para G2 Esports. A equipe sofreu algumas mudanças em seu elenco para sua primeira EU LCS, que resultou na conquista do campeonato. Com seu primeiro título, a G2 se classificou para o Mid-Season Invitational de 2016, terminando na quinta colocação. Após seu primeiro título da EU LCS, a G2 ainda ganharia as próximas três títulos da liga. No Mid-Season Invitational de 2017, a G2 perdeu de 3–1 para a SK Telecom T1 na grande final no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

O ano de 2019 foi o melhor para a equipe até o momento. Além de ganharem as duas etapas do ano da LEC (nova EU LCS), o time foi vencedor do Mid-Season Invitational, derrotando a Team Liquid na grande final e se tornando a única equipe ocidental a vencer o campeonato até hoje. No mesmo ano, a G2 foi vice-campeã do Campeonato Mundial para a FunPlus Phoenix em uma final de 3–0.

Na etapa de verão da LEC de 2020, a G2 Esports ultrapassou o recorde de títulos da Fnatic no torneio europeu, ao vencê-los na final do campeonato por 3–0. Na etapa de inverno de 2023, a organização foi a primeira a se tornar decacampeã da LEC.

Counter-Strike: Global Offensive
A G2 Esports entrou no cenário de Counter-Strike: Global Offensive em setembro de 2015, assinando com o elenco da Team Kinguin. Eles chegaram até as semifinais do DreamHack Open Cluj-Napoca 2015, o primeiro torneio Major em que disputaram.

Em junho de 2016, a G2 venceu o primeiro Esports Championship Series (ECS). No ano seguinte, eles foram campeões da 5ª temporada da ESL Pro League, vencendo a North (antiga equipe de esporte eletrônico do FC Copenhague) por 3–1. Em 2022, a equipe venceu a BLAST Premier World Final em cima da Team Liquid por 2–0. Em 2023, venceu o IEM Katowice ao derrotar a Heroic por 3–1 na final, onde faturaram cerca de R$ 2 milhões.

Valorant
A G2 Esports entrou pela primeira vez na cena de Valorant em 16 de junho de 2020. A equipe participou do First Strike da Europa, o primeiro campeonato realizado pela Riot Games na região, onde chegaram até as semifinais caindo para a eventual campeã Team Heretics. Em 2021, a G2 se classificou para o VCT: Etapa 3 Masters em Berlim, onde novamente chegaram até as semifinais caindo para a campeã do torneio Gambit Esports. A G2 foi negada pela Riot Games para uma vaga de parceria nas ligas internacionais do Valorant Champions Tour para a temporada de 2023, apesar de terem sido uma das organizações favoritas a serem selecionadas. Foi especulado que isso ocorreu por causa de um incidente entre o ex-CEO Carlos Rodríguez e o misógino conhecido Andrew Tate.

G2 Gozen
Em outubro de 2021, a G2 anunciou a primeira equipe totalmente feminina da organização, que competiriam sob o nome de G2 Gozen (a palavra Gozen é um título honorífico concedido a samurais guerreiras no Japão; pode ser traduzido como "honorável"). Em novembro de 2022, a G2 Gozen venceu o primeiro mundial do Game Changers, vencendo a Shopify Rebellion por 3–2 na grande final.

Ligações externas

Fundações na Espanha em 2014
Clubes esportivos fundados em 2014
Equipes de esportes eletrônicos da Alemanha
Premiados com o The Game Awards
Equipes de League of Legends
Equipes de Counter-Strike
Equipes de Valorant

G2 Esports


Monumentul lui Hans Sachs a fost inaugurat pe 24 iunie 1874 în Piața Spitalului (Spitalplatz, astăzi Hans-Sachs-Platz) din Nürnberg. Monumentul îl rememorează pe Hans Sachs (1494-1576), care este considerat unul dintre cele mai importanți meistersingeri din Nürnberg. Statuia sculptată de artistul Johann Konrad Krausser a fost turnată în bronz de către Christoph Albrecht Lenz. Primul proiect al lui Krausser datează din anul 1872.

Imagini

Note

Nürnberg

Monumentul lui Hans Sachs


එඩ්ගාර් ඩෙගාස් (1834 ජූලි 19 - 1917 සැප්තැම්බර් 27) සිය සිතුවම්, මූර්ති, මුද්‍රණයන් සහ ඇඳීමේ හේතුවෙන් ඉමහත් ප‍්‍රසිද්ධියට පත්වූ ප‍්‍රංශ කලාකරුවෙකි. ඔහු උපස්ථිතිවාදී යන වචනය බැහැර කළද ඔහු උපස්ථිතිවාදයේ මූලාරම්භකයෙක් ලෙසින් හඳුන්වනු ලබයි. ඔහු කියා සිටින්නේ තමන් යථාර්ථවාදියකු වන බවය. නර්තනය යන විෂය සම්බන්ධයෙන් ගත්කළ ඔහු විශිෂ්ඨ සැලසුම් අඳින්නකු වන අතර ඔහුගේ කෘතීන්ගෙන් වැඩි ගණනක නිරූපනය වන්නේ නර්තන ශිල්පීන්ය. චලනය ප‍්‍රතිනිර්මාණය කිරීමහිලා ඔහු දැක්වූ විශිෂ්ඨත්වයට මෙය මනා සාධකයකි. එමෙන්ම ඔහුගේ කාන්තා නිරුවත් චිත‍්‍ර විශිෂ්ඨ ගනයේ ලා සැලකෙයි. ඔහු විසින් නිර්මාණය කොට ඇති ආලේඛ්‍ය චිත‍්‍රයන් චිත‍්‍ර කලා ඉතිහාසයේ විශිෂ්ඨතම ඒවා වෙයි.

ඔහුගේ වෘත්තීය ජීවිතයේ ආරම්භක කාලයේදී ඔහුගේ අපේක්‍ෂාව වූයේ ඵෙතිහාසික කරුණු සිතුවමට නඟන්නකුවීමය. එයට මුල්වූයේ ඔහු ලැබූ දැඩි ශාස්ත‍්‍රාලීය පුහුණුව සහ සම්භාව්‍ය චිත‍්‍ර ශිල්පය පිලිබඳ අධ්‍යයනය වියහැක. ඔහුගේ වයස තිස් ගණන්වලදී ඔහු සිය අරමුණ වෙනස්කළ අතර ඵෙතිහාසික චිත‍්‍ර සිතුවම් කරන්නෙකුගේ සාම්ප‍්‍රදායික ක‍්‍රමවේදයන් තත්කාලීන විෂය වස්තූන් වෙතට ගෙන එමින් නූතන ජීවිතය පිලිබඳ ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨ සිත්තරකු බවට පත්විය.

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgar_Degas

නීතිය

එඩ්ගාර් ඩෙගාස්


19528 Delloro este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
19528 Delloro este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la San Marcello Pistoiese de Germano D'Abramo și Andrea Boattini. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,19 ua, o excentricitate de 0,14 și o înclinație de 2,0° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 19001-20000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1999
Centura de asteroizi

19528 Delloro


Olaylar
 18 Haziran — Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ile Birleşik Krallık arasında 1812 Savaşı çıktı.
 28 Mayıs - Osmanlı Devleti ve Rusya arasında Bükreş Antlaşması imzalandı, 1806-1812 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşı sona erdi.

Doğumlar

Ocak

Şubat
 7 Şubat - Charles Dickens, İngiliz yazar ve toplum eleştirmeni

Mart

Nisan

Mayıs

Haziran

Temmuz

Ağustos

Eylül
 8 Eylül - Natalya Gonçarova, Rus şair Aleksandr Puşkin'in eşi (ö. 1863)

Ekim

Kasım

Aralık

Ölümler

1812


El Festival Internacional de Cine Pobre de Gibara fue un evento popular en el circuito de cine alternativo realizado en la ciudad de Gibara y celebrado por primera vez en abril de 2003.

Surgió con el objetivo de alentar la ejecución de un cine legítimo, actuante y movilizador, altamente estético y ético, humilde en su elaboración, ajeno a todo proyecto de elitismo cultural y propiciador de una interacción con las diversas comunidades.

Secciones competitivas

Concurso de proyectos en maqueta y guiones inéditos para largometrajes de ficción, concurso de largometrajes y cortometrajes de ficción y concurso de documentales. Se organizan, además, muestras de cine experimental, videoarte y muestras de nuevas tecnologías, entre otras.

Sede

Cuando Humberto Solás fundó el Cine Festival de Cine Pobre de Gibara en 2003, la elección de Gibara como sede principal fue bastante inesperada. La ciudad se encuentra a 800 kilómetros de La Habana y una hora en automóvil de Holguín (que cuenta con un aeropuerto internacional) y las preciosas playas de Guardalavaca (el hogar de muchos resorts todo incluido). Por otra parte, Gibara no tiene hotel y cuenta solamente con un número limitado de habitaciones privadas. Solás sin embargo, siempre sintió un cariño muy especial por esta ciudad, desde la filmación de Lucía, unas de cuyas partes transcurre allí. A pesar de la lejanía, la reubicación del festival es poco probable debido a la estrecha relación que se ha establecido a través de los años entre el festival y el pueblo de Gibara.

En el 2011 el festival no se realizó en Gibara por restricciones económicas"y falta de consenso con las autoridades de Holguín, según el Instituto Cubano de Arte e Industria Cinematográficos (ICAIC). En 2015 fue discontinuado. Ya no será solo "de cine pobre", según organizadores y amplía su espectro como Festival de Cine de Gibara.

Participantes

El catálogo de las películas presentadas contiene tanto calidad como diversidad. Está representada la filmografía alternativa de varios países, desde aquellos con amplia tradición (Estados Unidos, India, Alemania, Francia) a otros con una industria fílmica emergente (Chad, Ecuador, Líbano, Macedonia del Norte, Mauritania). Los temas que se cubren son también diversos, incluyendo amor, migración, compromiso, enajenación, temas sociales o humorísticos.

Premio

El premio máximo era de 15 000 euros, en metálico o en material cinematográfico.

Jurado

Para cada festival se había creado un comité de selección que escogía las películas presentadas. El jurado que seleccionaba las películas o documentales ganadores era compuesto por artistas, críticos y directores conocidos, tanto cubanos como extranjeros.

Filmes premiados

2011:
 Las cuatro veces (Italia), de Michelangelo Frammantino - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Mi hija (Malasia), de Charlotte Lim Lay Kuen - Mención del jurado.
 El cielo sobre los hombros (Brasil), de Sérgio Borges.

2009:
 Querida Bamako,  por Omer Oke y Txari Llorente. España. - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Humillados y ofendidos, por Javier Horacio Álvarez, César Brie y Pablo Brie. Bolivia – Mejor documental.

2008 :
 Outlanders (England), por Dominic Lees - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Under The Ahmadabad Sky (Italia), por Francesca Lignola y Stefano Rebechi - Mejor documental.

2007:
 Noticias lejanas (México), por Ricardo Benet - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Voyage en Sol Majeur (Francia), dirigido por Georgi Lazarevki - Mejor documental.

2006:
 La ciudad del so (Czech Republic), por Martin Sulik - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Soñar en Nablus (España), por Sergi Sandúa y Carlos Delfa - Mejor documental.

2005:
 Lichter (Germany), por Hans-Christian Schmid - Mejor filme de larga duración.
 Los Ecos y la Niebla (Cuba), por Rigoberto Jiménez - Mejor documental.

Enlaces externos
Festival de Cine de Gibara
Festival de Cine Pobre Entry Form
Festival de Cine Pobre México

Referencias

Cine de Cuba
Provincia de Holguín
Cine Pobre

Festival Internacional de Cine Pobre


Mammalian Species ist eine zoologische Schriftenreihe, die von der amerikanischen Gesellschaft für Säugetierkunde herausgegeben wird. Sie erscheint seit 1969 mit 15 bis 25 Artporträts verschiedener Säugetiere pro Jahr. Vertrieben wird die Reihe über die American Society of Mammalogists, über Oxford University Press sowie über BioOne. Im April 2021 erschien die 1000. Ausgabe der Reihe zur Tüpfelhyäne (Crocuta crocuta).

Inhalt
Die Schriftensammlung besteht aus jeweils abgeschlossenen Beschreibungen einzelner Säugetierarten, die von internationalen Experten der American Society of Mammalogists sowie assoziierter Forscher zusammengestellt werden. Sie beinhalten in der Regel drei bis vierzehn Seiten zu jeder Art und informieren über alle Aspekte der Biologie dieser Tiere, u. a. über die Morphologie, Ökologie, Verbreitung, Verhaltensbiologie, Physiologie, Taxonomie und Fossilgeschichte der Arten.

Belege

Weblinks
 Mammalian Species bei Oxford University Press
 Mammalian Species bei BioOne

Mammalogische Zeitschrift

Mammalian Species


A lateral buoy, lateral post or lateral mark, as defined by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate the edge of a channel.

Each mark indicates the edge of the safe water channel in terms of port (left-hand) or starboard (right-hand). These directions are relative to the direction of buoyage;  this is usually a nominally upstream direction. In a river, the direction of buoyage is towards the river's source; in a harbour, the direction of buoyage is into the harbour from the sea.  Where there may be doubt, it will be labelled on the appropriate chart. Often the cardinal mark system is used instead when confusion about the direction would be common.

A vessel heading in the direction of buoyage (e.g. into a harbour) and wishing to keep in the main channel should:
 keep port marks to its port (left) side, and
 keep starboard marks to its starboard (right) side.

IALA System

Marks are distinguished by their shape and colour, being red or green.

For historical reasons, two different schemes are in use worldwide, differing in their use of colour. Previously there had been 30 different buoyage systems, before IALA rationalised the system. In 1980 on a conference convened by IALA, they agreed to adopt the rules of a new combined system, which combined the previous two systems (A and B) into one system, with two regions (A and B).

The IALA defines them as Region A and Region B:

Region A

 comprises Europe, Africa, and most of Asia and Oceania, as well as Greenland.
 port marks are red and may have a red flashing light of any rhythm except 2+1.
 starboard marks are green and may have a green flashing light of any rhythm except 2+1.

Region B
 comprises the Americas, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Taiwan, Hawaii, and Easter Island.
 port marks are green and may have a green flashing light of any rhythm except 2+1
 starboard marks are red and may have a red flashing light of any rhythm except 2+1

Both regions

 port marks are square or have a flat top
 starboard marks are conical (or present a triangular shape) or have a pointed top.

The shape is an important feature, as colours cannot be distinguished in some light conditions, or by persons with red-green colour blindness. Marks may also carry unique markings of letters and numbers; these may be used to identify the mark as one indicated on a nautical chart. Likewise, a mark's light may flash in a distinctive sequence for the same purpose.

When a channel divides, as for instance a channel to a smaller harbour off a main river, then a preferred channel or bifurcation mark is used.  The mark has the same shape and main colour as a port- or starboard- hand mark for the main channel.  It bears in addition a horizontal band with the appropriate colour for the smaller channel.  For example: region A, main channel straight on, creek leading to marina to port.  The buoy where the channels divide would be a red cylindrical can or pillar with a cylindrical top mark.  Around the middle would be a green band.  In IALA region B the shape would be identical, but the main colour would be green with a red band.  See the buoy by the island in the diagram above.

In Region A only, the phrase "Is there any red port left?" (referring to the red colour of the fortified wine "port") may be used as a mnemonic, indicating that a red mark must be kept on the left when "returning" to (i.e., entering) a harbour or river.

In Region B only, the phrase "red right returning" may be used as a mnemonic, indicating that a red mark must be kept on the right when returning to (i.e., entering) a harbour or river.

See also

Cardinal mark
Isolated danger mark
Safe water mark
Special mark
Emergency wreck buoy

References

External links

 A web site of Transport Canada, showing lateral buoys in Region B.

Navigational buoys
Marine navigation
es:Sistema de boyado marítimo IALA
it:Segnalamenti marittimi ottici

Lateral mark


Beñat [], mit vollem Namen Beñat Etxebarria Urkiaga [] (* 19. Februar 1987 in Igorre, Bizkaia), ist ein spanischer Fußballspieler, der beim Macarthur FC unter Vertrag steht.

Laufbahn
Beñat kam mit elf Jahren zu Athletic Bilbao, wo er im Folgenden fußballerisch ausgebildet wurde. Später wurde er dort in das B-Team aufgenommen und gehörte ab 2006 auch zum Kader der ersten Mannschaft. Allerdings kam er hier nur einmal für wenige Minuten als Einwechselspieler zum Einsatz. Daraufhin wechselte er zur Saison 2008/09 in die Segunda División B zu UB Conquense, bevor er im Sommer 2009 innerhalb der Liga zum B-Team von Betis Sevilla wechselte. 2010 wurde er dann in den ersten Kader in die Segunda División befördert und schaffte es, sich dort sofort einen Stammplatz zu sichern. In dieser Saison gelang ihm mit seinem Team auch der Aufstieg in die Primera División. Auch in dieser Liga behielt er seinen Stammplatz und wurde daraufhin in den vorläufigen Kader für die EM 2012 berufen, obwohl er bis dahin noch kein Spiel für die Auswahlmannschaft bestritten hatte.

Zur Saison 2013/14 wechselte Beñat innerhalb der Primera Division von Betis Sevilla zu Athletic Bilbao. Nach sieben Jahren wechselte er zum Macarthur FC, wo er nach einer Saison seine Karriere beendete.

Weblinks

 Beñat auf der Website der Primera División

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (Spanien)
Fußballspieler (UB Conquense)
Fußballspieler (CD Baskonia)
Fußballspieler (Betis Sevilla)
Fußballspieler (Athletic Bilbao)
Fußballspieler (Macarthur FC)
Geboren 1987
Mann
Spanier

Beñat (Fußballspieler)


Prva nogometna liga Kosova je bila liga trećeg stupnja nogometnog prvenstva Jugoslavije u sezoni 1975./76.
Sudjelovalo je 16 klubova, a prvak je bio "REHMK Kosovo" iz Obilića.

Ljestvica

 "Rudnik" – uz mjesto Kišnica, kao sjedište se također navodi Lešnica

Rezultatska križaljka

 Izvori:

Unutrašnje poveznice

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

 Godišnjak Fudbalskog saveza Jugoslavije 1974./75. i 1975./76., Beograd, ISSN: 0351-2894, str. 545

1975-76
KOS 1
1975-76 1
1975-76 1

Prva nogometna liga Kosova 1975./76.


Adur Etxezarreta est un skieur alpin espagnol, né le  à Saint-Sébastien en Espagne. Il est spécialiste de la descente et du super G.

Biographie
Natif de Saint-Sébastien, Adur Etxezarreta passe sa jeunesse essentiellement en Navarre, à Areso, d'où il se considère originaire.

Il commence à skier à l'âge de dix ans au Club Esquí Navarra. En dehors du club, il skie avec ses parents dans la station française de Luz-Ardiden trois ou quatre week-ends par hiver. À quatorze ans, il déménage au Sierra Nevada Technification Center. En 2016, il fait partie de l'équipe nationale dépendant de la Real Federación Española de Deportes de Invierno (Fédération Royale Espagnole des Sports d'Hiver). Il se spécialise dans la descente et le super G.

Etxezarreta a fait ses débuts en Coupe d'Europe le 21 décembre 2017 à Reiteralm en Autriche lors d'un super G qui se solde par un abandon. Il est sélectionné pour les championnats du monde 2019 et 2021. Il y dispute à chaque fois la descente et le super G, qui se soldent par une  place en descente en 2019 et trois abandons. Il devient champion d'Espagne de super G en 2019.

Le 14 janvier 2022, il décroche son premier podium de Coupe d'Europe en descente à Tarvisio en Italie. Il est le premier Espagnol à obtenir un podium dans une descente de ce niveau. Il est ensuite sélectionné pour disputer les Jeux olympiques de Pékin. Il se distingue lors des entraînements de la descente qu'il termine en deuxième et septième position, en sachant qu'il aurait été disqualifié si les règlements de compétition y avaient été appliqués, avant de se classer  de la course, le meilleur résultat d'un Espagnol dans cette discipline, la précédente performance datant de 1980 avec une  place pour Francisco Fernández Ochoa. Lors du super G qui a lieu le lendemain, Etxezarreta, parti avec le dossard 42, fait une faute et manque le passage d'une porte, ce qui provoque son abandon.

Sa carrière est perturbée par une blessure à un tendon rotulien, ce qui le prive de la compétition durant deux ans. Sa saison 2022-2023 s'arrête également prématurément en raison d'une fracture du plateau tibial gauche associée à une déchirure partielle du ligament croisé du genou.

Palmarès

Jeux olympiques

Championnats du monde

Championnats du monde junior

Coupe d'Europe
 1 podium.

Championnats d'Espagne
 Champion de super G en 2019.

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en janvier 1996
Naissance à Saint-Sébastien (Espagne)
Skieur alpin espagnol
Skieur alpin aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022
Sportif navarrais

Adur Etxezarreta


Autobusni kolodvor Zagreb jedna je od 14 podružnica Zagrebačkoga holdinga. U ponudi ima više od 2.200 destinacija u cijeloj Europi i najveću ponudu karata za autobuse za sve prijevoznike. Omogućuje kupnju jednosmjernih i povratnih karata 24 sata na dan sve dane u godini na 15 prodajnih mjesta u samoj zgradi i on-line putem web prodaje.

Djelatnosti Autobusnog kolodvora Zagreb
Temeljne djelatnosti Autobusnog kolodvora Zagreb su prihvat autobusa, prtljage i robe, prodaja voznih karata, rezervacija mjesta u autobusima, usluge informacija, garderobe te usluge parkiranja osobnih vozila. Veličinom i opremljenošću Autobusni kolodvor Zagreb predstavlja najveći i najsuvremeniji objekt takve vrste u ovom dijelu Europe. S njegovih 44 perona autobusi povezuju Zagreb s ostalim dijelovima Hrvatske kao i većinom drugih europskih središta.

Surađuje s Udrugom slijepih i slabovidnih osoba, te aktivno pomaže slijepim i slabovidnim osobama pri putovanju.
Turistička zajednica Grada Zagreba, čiji je ured otvoren u prostoru Autobusnoga kolodvora, putnicima pruža sve ostale informacije o zanimljivima događanjima u Gradu Zagrebu.

Povijest Autobusnog kolodvora Zagreb

Autobusni kolodvor Zagreb smješten je nadomak središnjeg zagrebačkog trga, uz najveće gradske prometnice s velikim parkingom. Utemeljen je 17. studenoga 1961. godine na prostoru današnjeg Langova trga, a na sadašnjoj lokaciji nalazi se od 4. srpnja 1962. Malo tko zna da je na mjestu današnjeg kolodvora za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata bio vojni logor. Prvi je autobusni kolodvor izgrađen u rekordnih 72 dana, a gradnja današnjeg Autobusnog kolodvora započinje 1986. godine i završava u srpnju 1987. godine, u vrijeme Univerzijade, kada je izgrađena nova kolodvorska zgrada s pripadajućim peronima. Na Autobusnom kolodvoru potpuno su preuređeni i suvremeno opremljeni svi prostori koji služe obavljanju osnovne, ali i popratnih djelatnosti koje putnicima i ostalim korisnicima nude brojne mogućnosti za odmor i okrepu, kupovinu i zabavu.

Kao kolodvor »A« kategorije, redovni je član Paneuropske asocijacije autobusnih kolodvora.

Kako bi se omogućio nesmetan pristup svim kategorijama korisnika usluga, zgrada Autobusnog kolodvora u potpunosti je prilagođena osobama s poteškoćama u kretanju.

Galerija

Izvori

Autobusni promet u Zagrebu
Cestovna infrastruktura u Hrvatskoj
Turizam u Zagrebu

Autobusni kolodvor Zagreb


Carl William Hergenrother (1973.), američki astronom.

U okviru programa Catalina Sky Surveya otkrio je ili je bio suotkrivačem većeg broja kometa i asteroida. Pored ostalih otkrio je dugoperiodični komet C/1996 R1 i četiri periodična kometa 168P/Hergenrother, 175P/Hergenrother i 330P/Catalina.
Otkrio je 28 asteroida, od čega jedan s Timothyjem Bruceom Spahrom te dva s Stephenom M. Larsonom: 5. travnja 1994. asteroid (306387) 1994 GR8 i 28. siječnja 2005. asteroid (85316) 1995 BA4.

Njemu u čast nazvali su asteroid 3099 Hergenrother.

Izvori

Američki astronomi
Otkrivači kometa
Otkrivači asteroida

Carl William Hergenrother


Denkmalliste Horn-Lehe

Anzahl der Objekte in Horn-Lehe: 27, davon mit Bild: 25 (93 %).

Weblinks

 Das Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Bremen hält Informationen zu den denkmalgeschützten Bauwerken in Bremen und Bremerhaven bereit:
 Landesdenkmalliste unter Denkmal digital abrufbar.
 Denkmaldatenbank (direkt zur Suchseite).

Horn-Lehe
!

Liste der Kulturdenkmäler in Horn-Lehe


Kasna sremza (kasna cremza, američka sremza, crna trešnja, lat. Prunus serotina), korisno američko drvo iz porodice ružovki. Iz Sjedinjenih država uveyeno je u nekoliko država Europe (uključujući Hrvatsku), ali i u Južnu Ameriku i Australiju.

Drvo naraste od 10 do 30 metara visine. Plodovi su jestivi, ali su listovi otrovni. Drvo je cijenjeno u izradi namještaja i postiže visoku cijenu na tržištu.

Podvrste
 Prunus serotina var. capuli (Cav.) S. Hatusima
 Prunus serotina var. eximia (Small) Little
 Prunus serotina var. rufula (Woot. & Standl.) McVaugh
 Prunus serotina var. virens (Woot. & Standl.) McVaugh

Izvori

Prunus

Kasna sremza


أمينة السعيد هي ناشطة حقوق المرأة، وأول سيدة تتولى تولى رئاسة تحرير مجلة حواء المطبوعة النسائية الشهيرة التي صدر أول اعدادها عام 1954 وكان معدل توزيعها يصل إلى 175,000 نسخة، ومازال لها قدر من الشعبية والانتشار حتى اليوم. تناولت أمينة السعيد في كتاباتها موضوعات أكبر وأهم من نصائح الجمال ووصفات الطهى التي اعتادات الكتابات النسائية تناولها. كان دفاع أمينة السعيد عن المساواة بين الرجل والمرأة هو وقود كتاباتها القيمة لسنوات طويلة تغير فيها تاريخ مصر.

نشأتها والتعليم
عاشت أمينة السعيد طفولتها وسط مجتمع أسيوط المغلق عندما كان نضال هدى شعراوي وزميلاتها من أجل المساواة قد وصل إلى ذروته. وما ان بلغت أمينة عمر الرابعة عشر، حتى انضمت إلى الاتحاد النسائي، ثم في عام 1931 التحقت بجامعة فؤاد الأول ضمن أول دفعة تضم فتيات.

حياتها الوظيفية
عملت السعيد بعد تخرجها سنة 1935 في مجلة المصور وظلت تكتب عمودها بانتظام حتى قبيل وفاتها، وكثيراً ما دافعت من خلاله عن زميلات الكفاح مثل درية شفيق وغيرهما. اشتهرت أمينة السعيد ايضاً بباب «اسألونى»، وقد اكسبتها شجاعتها وجرأتها احترام وشعبية بين زملائها من الكتاب والصحفيين. ثم أصبحت امينة السعيد رئيسة لدار الهلال، وقادت بجرأة حملة جديدة من أجل المرأة المصرية، ولكن هذه المرة ضد المد الأصولي الإسلامي الذي بدأ في سبعينيات القرن الماضي، وتوفيت أمينة السعيد عام 1995 وهي حزينة ومحبطه لما آل اليه حال المرأة في مصر، وقالت قبل وفاتها بأيام: «ان المرأة المصرية اليوم لم يعد لديها الشجاعة الكافية للنضال.»

انظر أيضًا
 حواء إدريس

مصادر

أشخاص من القاهرة
أعضاء مجلس الشورى المصري
خريجو جامعة القاهرة
صحفيات مصريات
صحفيون في القرن 20
كاتبات مصريات في القرن 20
كتاب مصريون في القرن 20
محررات مجلات
محررو مجلات
محررون مصريون
مواليد 1332 هـ
مواليد 1910
مواليد 1914
مواليد في القاهرة
مؤسسو مجلات
نشطاء مصريون في مجال حقوق المرأة
وفيات 1415 هـ
وفيات 1416 هـ
وفيات 1995
وفيات السرطان في مصر
وفيات بعمر 80
وفيات في القاهرة
مؤسسو مجلات مصريون
صحفيون من القاهرة

أمينة السعيد


HMS Kingston was a K-class destroyer of the Royal Navy.

The early years
Kingston was laid down by J. Samuel White and Company at Cowes on the Isle of Wight on 6 October 1937 as part of an order for six similar destroyers. She was launched at East Cowes on 9 January 1939 and named by the Mayoress of Kingston upon Thames. Commissioned on 14 September 1939 with the pennant number F64, she joined the 5th Destroyer Flotilla, Home Fleet, for convoy defence and anti-submarine duties in the North Sea.

In company with the destroyers  and , Kingston attacked  with depth charges in the North Sea off Shetland on 29 November 1939, and forced her to scuttle. All the crew of the U-boat were rescued and taken prisoner.

Red Sea operations
In May 1940 she was transferred to the Red Sea. Her pennant number for visual signalling purposes was changed to G64. In June she took part in the sinking of the  off Perim Island, and later attacked the . On 17 March 1941 she supported landings at Berbera, British Somaliland. On 5 April Kingston found the s  and  aground south of Jeddah whose hulls, having been scuttled by the Italians, were destroyed by gunfire and air attack.

Force C and the battles of Sirte
In April 1941 Kingston was deployed to Alexandria to join the Eastern Mediterranean Fleet. There, she was involved in the evacuation of Allied troops from mainland Greece to Crete. On 20 May she deployed as part of Force C to the Battle of Crete.

On the night of 21 May 1941 Force C intercepted a convoy of 20 troop carrying caiques escorted by the  heading for Crete. Ten of the caiques were sunk and the landing prevented, but Lupo successfully covered the withdrawal of the remainder of the convoy. Cruiser  was damaged in the action.

On 22 May 1941 Force C was sent to the Aegean Sea through the Kasos Strait to intercept a further invasion convoy of 30 caiques, escorted by the . One detached caique was sunk and, although the British did not press the attack on the main convoy, the Germans were forced to abort their attempt to reach Crete. Nonetheless, Sagittario covered the convoy's retreat by lying a smoke screen and firing her guns and torpedoes at the British squadron. According to British sources, Kingston suffered no damage from the naval engagement but splinter damage was reported from German air attacks. Force C was the target of fierce airstrikes which continued when they joined up with Force A1 at the Kithera channel. Kingston and  were sent to pick up survivors when the destroyer  was bombed and sunk. Later the same day the cruisers  and  were also lost to air attacks. On 23 May Kingston and Kandahar returned and rescued 523 survivors.

She returned to Alexandria on 24 May 1941, and was taken in hand for repairs and modifications, among which was the replacement of the aft set of torpedo tubes with a four-inch anti-aircraft gun in recognition of the devastating effect of the air attacks suffered by Force C.

Kingston was engaged in defensive convoy duties to Tobruk and often as part of the escort for Breconshire on runs to Malta. She was also in action against Axis convoys and against the Vichy French in Syria.

On 17 December 1941 she took part in a brief engagement with the Italian Fleet, known as the First Battle of Sirte.

On 22 March 1942 Kingston took part of the escort of convoy MW10 in the Second Battle of Sirte, where, as the destroyers turned to fire their torpedoes on the Italian battle fleet, she was hit by a 15-inch shell fired by the  which passed right through the foremost starboard whaleboat and burst under the anti-aircraft guns mounting, leaving a big hole in the deck; despite this, she launched three torpedoes. Fifteen men of her crew were killed in this incident, which left the destroyer temporarily dead in the water, the whaleboat torn to pieces, her anti-aircraft guns, searchlight tower and torpedo launchers smashed by the explosion, her starboard boiler and port engine out of action. According to some authors, like James Sadkovich and Vincent O'Hara, she was instead struck by an 8-inch round from the heavy cruiser . Maurizio Brescia instead credits the heavy cruiser  with the hit. With an engine in flames and a flooded boiler, she managed to recover her speed with the remaining engine, reaching Malta the next day.

Air raids and loss
On 4 April 1942, whilst the destroyer was in dock at Malta repairing the damage from the naval encounter, a bomb fell directly at the entrance of the Corradino tunnel, where part of her crew had taken shelter. Fourteen crewmen were killed by the blast including Commander Philip Somerville DSO., Lieutenant P. Hague, and Yeoman of Signals John Murphy, who was at their side, whilst directing the men into the safety of the Corradino tunnel.  All 14 crewmen are buried at either the Mtarfa Military Cemetery or the Capuccini Naval Cemetery. Approximately 35 dock workers were also wounded.

Kingston was attacked by German aircraft on 5 April and was further damaged by a near miss. On 8 April she was hit by a bomb, forward. This penetrated the decks and passed out of the ships bottom without exploding. But now the destroyer needed to go into dry dock for underwater repairs. On 9 April she was placed in No. 4 dock, but remained afloat. By 11 April she was still afloat in the dock. – perhaps plates bent outwards by the passage of the bomb through the bottom made it impossible to dock-down and these plates were being burnt away by divers. At about 17.30 on 11 April 1942 she was hit on the port side amidships in the area of the bulkhead between the engine-room and the gearing-room by Junkers Ju 87 aircraft from Sturzkampfgeschwader 3. She rolled over on her port side and sank in the dock. The ship was declared a constructive total loss. On 21 January 1943 the No. 4 dock was dried-out. The damaged midships part of the destroyer was scrapped, thus separating the destroyer in two sections. Dummy bulkheads were fitted to make the two sections float-able while an amount of the superstructure was burnt away. The two sections of Kingston were floated out of the dock on 5 April 1943 and in June were scuttled as a blockship between the Selmun headland and Selmunett Island (St Paul's Island) in northern Malta in the preparations for making a safe anchorage before the invasion of Sicily. In the early 1950s the two sections of the Kingston were scrapped, where sunk, by Italian shipbreakers.

Notes

Citations

References

Research Material
 Imperial War Museum archives collection "George Sear"
 Imperial War Museum archives collection "John Murphy"

External links
 uboat.net webpage about HMS Kingston
 Memories of a seaman from HMS Kingston
 Photos of HMS Kingston in No. 4 dock
 History of HMS Kingston

J, K and N-class destroyers of the Royal Navy
Ships built on the Isle of Wight
1939 ships
World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom
Destroyers sunk by aircraft
Maritime incidents in March 1942
Maritime incidents in April 1942
Maritime incidents in June 1943
Ships sunk by German aircraft

HMS Kingston (F64)


El ermitaño ventrihabano, ermitaño leonado, ermitaño multicolor, ermitaño ventrileonado o ermitaño de vientre leonado  (Phaethornis syrmatophorus) es una especie de avede la familia Trochilidae, que se encuentra en Colombia, Ecuador y el Perú.

Hábitat
Vive en el interior del bosque húmedo de montaña y del bosque nuboso, entre los 800 y 2.400 m de altitud.

Descripción
Mide aproximadamente 13 cm de longitud. El pico es curvado, de 41 mm de largo, con mandíbula roja. El plumaje del dorso es verde cobrizo, con la grupa y la cara superior de las alas color ocre brillante. Presenta una mancha ocular negruzca, bordeada en la ceja y debajo por líneas color crema y tiene una línea malar oscura. La garganta, el pecho y el vientre son de color amarillo leonado brillante, con una línea blancuzca en el centro de la garganta. La cola es negra con puntas leonadas brillantes.

Referencias

syrmatophorus
Aves de América del Sur
Taxones descritos por John Gould
Animales descritos en 1851

Phaethornis syrmatophorus


O KFUM-Kameratene Oslo ou KFUM Oslo  é um clube poliesportivo que ficar localizado em Oslo, Noruega. Possui secções além do Futebol como o Futsal, Voleibol e Atletismo .O time de futebol atualmente joga na OBOS Ligaen, a segunda divisão do futebol norueguês.

O clube foi fundado em 1 de janeiro de 1939. Sua base tradicional é no centro de Oslo, mas agora joga suas partidas na KFUM Arena em Ekebergsletta.

Clubes de futebol da Noruega

KFUM-Kameratene Oslo


جزيرة عبد الكوري هي إحدى الجزر اليمنية وتعتبر ثاني أكبر جزيرة في أرخبيل سقطرى. يوجد فيها ميناء متواضع وتكثر فيها شجرة دم الأخوين (دم العنقاء). تتبع إدارياً لمديرية قلنسية وعبد الكوري ضمن محافظة أرخبيل سقطرى.

مراجع

جزر الصومال
جزر اليمن
جزر متنازع عليها
جزر محافظة أرخبيل سقطرى
جغرافيا اليمن
مستعمرات طيور مائية
نزاعات اليمن الإقليمية

جزيرة عبد الكوري