Edmond Louveau, né le  à Mamers et mort le  à Suresnes, est un résistant français, compagnon de la Libération. Vétéran de la première guerre mondiale, il devient ensuite fonctionnaire de l'administration coloniale et exerce diverses fonctions en Afrique. Au début de la Seconde guerre mondiale, il tente de rallie sa colonie à la France libre mais est arrêté par les autorités du régime de Vichy. Après plusieurs années de détention, il parvient à s'évader et à rejoindre le général de Gaulle à Londres. Après la guerre, il reprend ses fonctions dans l'administration coloniale avant de prendre sa retraite.

Biographie

Jeunesse

Edmond Louveau naît le 4 août 1895 à Mamers dans la Sarthe. Il entreprend des études de vétérinaire qui sont interrompues par la première guerre mondiale.

Première Guerre mondiale

Incorporé au  régiment de chasseurs le 15 décembre 1914, il y fait ses classes avant d'être envoyé au front en mai 1915. Trois mois plus tard, il est muté au  régiment d'infanterie ( RI) avec lequel il combat lors de la seconde bataille de Champagne. De janvier à mai 1916, il est détaché au centre d'instruction des élèves-officiers à Joinville. Promu caporal le  mars 1916 puis sergent le  avril suivant, il passe aspirant le 5 mai, la veille de rejoindre son régiment dans le secteur de la main de Massiges. Il participe ensuite à la bataille de Verdun puis stationne dans la Marne et la Somme avant de partir pour la Meuse où il combat en forêt d'Apremont. Muté le 19 juin 1917 au  régiment d'infanterie ( RI), il est promu sous-lieutenant le 27 juin suivant. Il combat dans la Marne au Mont Cornillet, dans le secteur des Marquises, au saillant Vidalet et au Mont-Haut.

Désigné pour faire partie de l'armée d'orient, il est affecté au  régiment d'infanterie coloniale le 5 octobre 1918 et rejoint celui-ci en Serbie. Posté à Vélès où il apprend l'armistice du 11 novembre 1918, il stationne ensuite à Leskova, Deliblato, Orșova et Caransebeș. Promu lieutenant le 19 juin 1919, il est rapatrié en France le 10 juillet et retrouve le  RI. Le 19 septembre 1919, il est mis en congé de démobilisation et rejoint la réserve du  RI.

Entre-deux-guerres

Breveté de l'école coloniale, il part pour le Sénégal en 1921 et gravi les échelons de l'administration coloniale, exerçant tour à tour les fonctions de commandant de cercle, de conseiller à la cour et de chef de cabinet du gouverneur général. Promu administrateur supérieur des colonies, il est muté en Haute-Côte d'ivoire, anciennement Haute-Volta, en 1937.

Seconde Guerre mondiale

Toujours en poste en Haute-Côte d'Ivoire pendant les premiers mois de la Seconde guerre mondiale, il entend le général de Gaulle prononcer l'appel du 18 juin 1940 et entreprend alors de rallier son territoire à la France libre. Cependant, alors que de nombreux jeunes officiers sont prêts à le suivre dans le camp de la résistance, les plus hautes autorités de la colonie restent fidèles au régime de Vichy et lui compliquent la tâche, d'autant qu'il ne dissimule pas ses convictions. Convoqué à Dakar en août 1940 par Pierre Boisson, gouverneur général de l'Afrique-Occidentale française, il est arrêté et incarcéré à la prison de Médina. Transféré à Bamako, il est ensuite déplacé à Alger puis, le 24 décembre 1940, à la prison militaire de Clermont-Ferrand.

En avril 1941, il est transféré à la prison de Gannat pour y être jugé par la cour martiale spéciale mise en place par le régime de Vichy. Condamné le 11 octobre 1941 aux travaux forcés à perpétuité et à la confiscation de ses biens, il est retourne brièvement à Clermont-Ferrand avant d'être réemprisonné à Gannat en compagnie de Claude Hettier de Boislambert, d'Antoine Bissagnet, d'Alexandre Ter Sarkissoff et de Claude Guérin. Le 2 décembre 1942, Les cinq hommes mettent en place un plan d'évasion. Ayant observé les tours de ronde de leur geôlier, de Boislambert, Bissagnet et un autre prisonnier parviennent à atteindre le toit de la prison puis le chemin de ronde où ils mettent en place des cordes pour rejoindre l'extérieur. Cependant, Edmond Louveau, diminué physiquement, avait renoncé à la tentative de crainte de ne pas pouvoir grimper à la corde et de retarder la sortie de ses camarades. Il s'occupe alors de divertir les gardes pendant que ses compagnons sortent de la prison. Ter Sarkissoff et Guérin restent également sur place. Reconnus coupables de complicité dans l'évasion de Boislambert et de Bissagnet, Edmond Louveau et ses compagnons sont transférés, par mesure de représailles et de sécurité, à la prison de Riom où ils rencontrent Jean de Lattre de Tassigny et Jean Zay.

Après avoir aidé de Lattre à s'évader le 2 septembre 1943, Edmond Louveau prépare à nouveau sa propre évasion. Certains gendarmes et gardes de la prison, délaissant le régime vichyste, leur permettent de prendre contact avec l'armée secrète. Alexandre Ter Sarkissoff, se charge des détails techniques de l'évasion. Contrairement à Gannat où la sortie se fit par les airs, l'évasion de Riom est prévue sous la terre : Louveau et ses compagnons ont repéré un souterrain reliant la prison au palais de justice voisin. Avec la complicité du comptable de la prison, ils parviennent à fabriquer des doubles des clés permettant d'ouvrir les portes de la galerie. Le 31 décembre 1943, le plan est mis à exécution. Le comptable ouvrant les portes du souterrain, Louveau, Ter Sarkissof et Claude Guérin sont pris en charge par des maquisards qui les mènent vers l'extérieur. Caché par la résistance du secteur de Clermont-Ferrand, il participe un temps aux actions de celle-ci puis travaille ensuite à Villeurbanne avec le chanoine Boursier. Ayant reçu l'ordre de rejoindre le général de Gaulle à Londres, il part pour Toulouse où il échappe de peu à une arrestation par la gestapo puis, depuis Pau, tente de rejoindre l'Espagne en traversant les Pyrénées. Y parvenant à la seconde tentative, il est brièvement incarcéré par les autorités espagnoles mais peut rapidement reprendre sa route. Gagnant Madrid, il rejoint la méditerranée et, en février 1944, arrive à Alger d'où il peut s'envoler vers Londres. Fait Compagnon de la Libération en mai 1944, il est mobilisé dans l'infanterie coloniale avec le grade de chef de bataillon.

Après-guerre

Après la capitulation de l'Allemagne, Edmond Louveau est démobilisé et retourne dans l'administration coloniale. S'envolant pour le Soudan français en 1946, il y exerce la fonction de gouverneur jusqu'en 1952 puis prend sa retraite en janvier 1953.

Edmond Louveau meurt le 18 juin 1973 à l'Hôpital Foch de Suresnes et est inhumé à Villaines-la-Carelle dans son département natal.

Hommages

 À Bamako, sur la place des gouverneurs, son buste figure parmi ceux des autres anciens gouverneurs du Soudan français.

Publications

 .

Décorations

Références

Bibliographie

 .
 .
 .
 .
 .

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Ordre de la Libération
 Libération de la France

Liens externes

Élève de l'École nationale de la France d'outre-mer
Officier des Forces françaises libres (terrestres)
Résistant français
Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur promu en 1949
Compagnon de la Libération
Titulaire de la croix de guerre 1914-1918
Titulaire de la croix de guerre 1939-1945
Titulaire de la médaille de la Résistance française avec rosette
Titulaire de la médaille des évadés
Commandeur avec plaque de l'ordre de l'Étoile noire
Naissance en août 1895
Naissance à Mamers
Décès en juin 1973
Décès à Suresnes
Décès à 77 ans

Edmond Louveau


Transfer de identitate (titlu original: Source Code) este un film american și franțuzesc din 2011 regizat de Duncan Jones. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Jake Gyllenhaal, Michelle Monaghan și Vera Farmiga. Gyllenhaal joacă rolul unui căpitan din armata SUA care este trimis într-o realitate computerizată pentru a găsi un atentator cu bombe.

Prezentare

Distribuție
 Jake Gyllenhaal - Capt. Colter Stevens / Sean Fentress
 Michelle Monaghan - Christina Warren
 Vera Farmiga - Capt. Colleen Goodwin
 Jeffrey Wright - Dr. Rutledge
 Michael Arden -  Derek Frost
 Russell Peters - Max Denoff
 Scott Bakula -  Donald Stevens, Colter's father
 Frédérick De Grandpré - Sean Fentress
 Cas Anvar as Hazmi

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 Listă de filme SF thriller

Filme din 2011
Filme americane
Filme în limba engleză
Filme regizate de Duncan Jones
Filme franțuzești
Filme SF thriller
Filme thriller din anii 2010
Filme SF din anii 2010
Filme cu călătorii în timp
Filme cu bucle de timp
Filme despre realitatea virtuală
Filme cu trenuri

Transfer de identitate


HMS Ambuscade was a Type 21 frigate of the Royal Navy. She was built by Yarrow Shipbuilders Ltd, Glasgow, Scotland.  She entered service in 1975. Ambuscade took part in the Falklands War of 1982.

Ambuscade was sold to Pakistan in 1993 and is still in service as .

Service history

Ambuscade was launched on 18 January 1973 by Lady Griffin, wife of the Controller of the Navy, and was commissioned at Devonport on 5 September 1975. During 1976 and 1977 her commander was Peter Abbott who subsequently attained Flag rank.

Ambuscade took part in the Falklands War of 1982, serving as an Electronic Warfare picket ship to the Task Force,
and taking part in several bombardments of Argentine positions. On 25 May Ambuscade was targeted by two Exocet missiles fired by Argentine Super Étendard strike aircraft.  Ambuscade detected the aircraft at 30 miles and the missile launch at 22 miles, first with radar then visually, and fired chaff decoys in an attempt to confuse the missiles' seekers.  Both missiles then locked on to SS Atlantic Conveyor impacting her port quarter, and setting her on fire. Atlantic Conveyor sank whilst under tow on 28 May. On the night of 13 June she fired 228 4.5-inch shells in support of 2 Para's assault of Wireless Ridge.

On 27 April 1983, Ambuscade was conducting tactical manoeuvres with ships of the United States Navy in the Indian Ocean. During the course of the exercise, she collided with the guided missile cruiser , resulting in part of her bow being torn away. Ambuscade was laid up in Bombay for six weeks while a new bow was constructed and fitted. Whilst laid up, some of the crew performed as extras in the film On Wings of Fire. There was enough damage to have Dale dry docked when she returned to Jacksonville, Florida. Ambuscade was in collision with the trawler Ester Colleen in heavy fog off Torbay on 26 October 1983. The trawler was badly holed in the collision.

From November 1983 to February 1984, Ambuscade served as a West Indies Guardship. On 8 June 1984, Ambuscade went to the assistance of the schooner Stena of Sitoo, which had struck an object in the North Sea and been holed below the waterline.

In late 1984, suffering from cracking in her hull, she was taken in for refitting, with a steel plate being welded down each side of the ship. At the same time modifications were made to reduce hull noise and four Exocet launchers were added in front of the bridge.

In 1993, she was decommissioned and sold to Pakistan and recommissioned as PNS Tariq, and remains in active service.

In December 2021, it was announced that it was hoped that when decommissioned, she could be returned to the United Kingdom for preservation as a museum ship.

In February 2023, it was announced that the Royal Navy was backing the plan to return her to the United Kingdom and will be preserved in Glasgow.

References

Bibliography

External links

Type 21 frigates
Falklands War naval ships of the United Kingdom
1973 ships
Ships built on the River Clyde

HMS Ambuscade (F172)


Când trandafirul înflorește (titlul original: în ) este un film de comedie sovietic (RSS Turkmenă), realizat în 1948 de regizorul Evgheni Ivanov-Barkov, protagoniști fiind actorii Altî Karliev, Vasili Neșciplenko, Sofia Kliciova.

Conținut

Distribuție
 Altî Karliev – Kerim
 Vasili Neșciplenko – Zahar
 Sofia Kliciova – Guzel
 Aman Kulmamedov – Alti-Aga
 Mariam Șafigulina – Jamal
 A. Ovezova – Ai-Bibi
 Sarry Karriev – Sari
 K. Muradova – Kumiș
 Murad Seidniyazov – Mergen, poștaș
 Ashir Meliaev – șeful lui Mergen
 Sasha Kirillov – Vania

Note

Vezi și
 Listă de filme străine până în 1989

Legături externe

Filme din 1948
Filme de comedie
Filme romantice
Filme în limba rusă
Filme regizate de Evgheni Ivanov-Barkov
Filme alb-negru
Filme sovietice

Când trandafirul înflorește


طلال محمد أسد  (1932-) متخصص في علم الإنسان وأنثروبولوجيا الدين والثقافة وله إسهامات مهمة عديدة في الدراسات المتعلقة بما بعد الاستعمار، والمسيحية والإسلام والدراسات الدينية الأخرى وله جهود في دراسة العلمانية من خلال علم الإنسان.

حياته وأعماله
طلال أسد هو ابن محمد أسد، المفكر الإسلامي، نمساوي الأصل وباكستاني الجنسية، الذي تحول عن اليهودية إلى الإسلام وله مؤلفات مشهورة عديدة عن الإسلام والقرآن والدعوة. وأمه عربية، سعودية الجنسية هي منيرة بنت حسين الشمّري. وقد ولد طلال في المملكة العربية السعودية ونشأ في باكستان، حيث درس في مدرسة تبشيرية داخلية كانت غالبية الطلبة فيها نصارى. وقد كان لهذا أثر في نظرته إلى العلاقة بين الغرب والشرق. وبعد أن أنهى دراسته في هذه المدرسة سافر إلى بريطانيا ليدرس فن العمارة، إلا أن هذا التخصص لم يرق له فقرر أن ينتقل إلى جامعة إدنبرة ليدرس علم الإنسان.
وكانت دراسة علم الإنسان في بريطانيا في ذلك الحين معنية بشكل أساسي بدراسة التركيبات الاجتماعية، إلا أن طلال أسد كان على اطلاع بالمناهج الأمريكية في علم الإنسان مثل علم الإنسان النفسي وغيرها من المباحث التي كانت سائدة في الأنثروبولوجيا الأمريكية. وبعد حصوله على درجة الماجستير من جامعة إدنبرة التحق بجامعة أكسفورد وعمل جنباً إلى جنب مع العالم المشهور في علم الإنسان الاجتماعي إيفانز بريتشارد، وهو من المختصين الذين أجروا العديد من الأبحاث حول الشرق الأوسط وأفريقيا. ومتأثراً بأبحاث بريتشارد وعمله قرر طلال أسد أن يجري أبحاثه الميدانية لكتابه الذي يعزم على تأليفه على قبيلة الكبابش خلال عمله لمدة خمسة سنوات في جامعة الخرطوم في السودان، وقد تمكن من الحصول على هذه الوظيفة نظراً للعلاقة التي كانت تربط جامعة الخرطوم بجامعة أكسفورد في ذلك الحين.

ركز طلال أسد في كتابه عرب الكبابيش: القوة والسلطة والتوافق في قبيلة الرحل الذي صدر عام 1970 على الاستعمار والطريقة التي يعمد إليها الغرب في تعريف الشرق باعتباره «غير غربي» وحسب. وقال أسد في معرض حديثه عن الاستعمار «إن العملية التاريخية التي تهدف إلى إقامة مجتمع إنساني علماني -كما يقال- قد ساعدت في تحسين السلوكيات المختلفة، وذلك عبر التخلي عن الممارسات التي تهين الإنسان. لكن، وعلى الرغم من ذلك، فإن الأوروبيين في محاولتهم لاجتثاث هذه الممارسات التي كانوا يعدونها في نظرهم قاسية ووحشية لم يكونوا ينظرون في المقام الأول إلى معاناة السكان الأصليين، بل كانوا مهتمين بشكل أساسي بفرض معايير التحضر الغربية للعدل والإنسانية على الشعوب التي يحتلونها وذلك من رغبتهم في تكوين مجموعة من البشر بحلة جديدة».

ونشط طلال أسد مع العديد من زملائه أثناء عمله في جامعة هل مثل روجر أوين وسامي زبيدي فكانت تعقد العديد من الحلقات البحثية الدورية حول المواضيع المختصة بالشرق الأوسط كما نشر العديد من الأوراق البحثية في هذا المجال. وكان إصدار إدوارد سعيد لكتابه المعروف الاستشراق عام 1978 بمثابة دعم كبير لطلال أسد لمتابعة جهوده ودراساته المعنية باستخدام الغرب لمعاييره الخاصة في تعريفه للحضارات والثقافات غير الغربية.

انظر أيضا
 إدوارد سعيد

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

 موقع الجامعة

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من المدينة المنورة
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة جونز هوبكينز
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة الخرطوم
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة مدينة نيويورك
أعضاء هيئة تدريس ذا نيو سكول
أكاديميو جامعة هل
أكاديميون أمريكيون من أصل باكستاني
أكاديميون بريطانيون من أصل باكستاني
أمريكيون من أصل باكستاني
أمريكيون من أصل سعودي
أمريكيون من أصل يهودي نمساوي
باكستانيون مغتربون في السودان
باكستانيون من أصل يهودي نمساوي
باكستانيون مهاجرون إلى الولايات المتحدة
بريطانيون من أصل يهودي نمساوي
بريطانيون مهاجرون إلى الولايات المتحدة
خريجو جامعة أوكسفورد
خريجو جامعة إدنبرة
سعوديون مهاجرون إلى المملكة المتحدة
سعوديون مهاجرون إلى باكستان
علماء أنثروبولوجيا باكستانيون
علماء أنثروبولوجيا بريطانيون
علماء أنثروبولوجيا سعوديون
علماء أنثروبولوجيا من الدين
علماء إنسان أمريكيون
ما بعد الاستعمارية
مسلمون أمريكيون
مسلمون بريطانيون
مسلمون سنة سعوديون
مسلمون من أصل يهودي
مفكرون إسلاميون
مواليد 1932
مواليد في المدينة المنورة
أعلام سعوديون من أصل يهودي أوكراني
أعلام سعوديون من أصل يهودي نمساوي
أعلام سعوديون من أصل أوكراني

طلال أسد


Griggs Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:

 Griggs Township (St. Francis County, Arkansas)
 Griggs Township (Van Buren County, Arkansas)
 Griggs Township (Iowa)

Griggs Township


Hematoksilin, Doğal Siyah 1 (Natural Black 1) ya da C.I. 75290 olarak bilinen madde. Bakkam ağacının odunundan (ing. logwood tree) elde edilir. Okside olduğunda mavi-mor renkli hemateini oluşturur. Hematoksilin bu özelliği sayesinde, uygun bir boya sabitleyici (yaygın olarak Fe(III) ya da Al(III) tuzları) ile birilikte kullanılarak, hücre çekirdeğini boyamak için kullanılır. Bu boyama tekniği, normalde saydam olan hücre ve dokuları mikroskop altında incelemede kolaylık sağlar. Hematoksilin ile boyanan yapılara bazofilik denir.

Günümüzde yaygın biçimde eosin adı verilen ve hücre sitoplazmasını boyayan başka bir tür boya ile birlikte kullanılmaktadır. İngilizcede bu teknipe kısaca H & E staining adı verilir.

Aşağıda, 4 günlük bir kurbağa embriyosunun, hematoksilin ve eosin boyaması sonucu renklendirilmiş histolojik bir kesiti görülüyor.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Eosin

Doğal boyalar
Laboratuvar boyaları
Oksijen heterosiklleri
Fenoller
Alkoller

Hematoksilin


Naftoli (nafta + [alkoh]ol) ili hidroksinaftaleni su organski spojevi koji se odvode od naftalena zamjenom jednog ili više vodikovih atoma hidroksilnom skupinom (OH). U malim se količinama nalaze u katranu kamenog ugljena, a proizvode se taljenjem odgovarajućih sulfonskih kiselina s alkalijama, pri čem se sulfo-skupina SO3H zamjenjuje hidroksilnom skupinom. Najjednostavniji naftol, C10H7OH, može s obzirom na položaj hidroksilne skupine postojati u dva izomera: 1-naftol i 2-naftol. To su kristalne tvari koje lako sublimiraju, slabo se otapaju u vodi, a dobro u organskim otapalima. Oba ta naftola, osobito 2-naftol, te njihovi derivati (naftolsulfonske kiseline, nitronaftoli i aminonaftoli) važni su međuproizvodi u sintezi organskih bojila, i to kao reaktanti u reakciji kopulacije. Koriste se i u proizvodnji insekticida i fungicida te kao sredstva za konzerviranje u tehnici.

Naftolni pigmenti

Među naftolnim azo-pigmentima razlikuju se jednostavni pigmenti s nesupstituiranim 2-naftolom, naftolni pigmenti u obliku soli s metalnim kationima, te pigmenti naftola AS.

Jednostavni naftolni pigmenti
Jednostavni naftolni pigmenti ubrajaju se među najstarije sintetske spojeve namijenjene bojenju. Sastoje se od 2-naftola kao kopulacijske komponente, te od različitih anilina
zamijenjenih (supstituiranih) u položaju orto i para kao diazotacijske komponente. Danas se pigmenti te grupe sve manje upotrebljavaju, ali izuzetak čine dva vrlo poznata pigmenta: toluidni crveni pigment (C.I. PR 3, 12 120) i dinitroanilinski narančasti pigment (C.I. PR 5, 12 075), koji se ujedno ubrajaju među najvažnije organske pigmente. Ističu se vrlo čistim tonom, svjetlostalnošću u punom tonu, otpornošću prema atmosferilijima te niskom cijenom. Oba se pigmenta mnogo upotrebljavaju u sredstvima za ličenje, na primjer u automobilskim lakovima i lakovima za poljoprivredne strojeve, ali su prikladni i za zidne boje koje se razrjeđuju vodom. Često se kombiniraju s molibdatnim crvenilom ili s kvalitetnim organskim pigmentima, na primjer s kinakridonima. Toluidinski crveni pigment dobro pokriva i postojan je prema mnogim kemikalijama, ali ne i prema djelovanju otapala. Upotrebljavaju se i kao vrlo dobar crveni pigment za emajl. Dinitroanilinski narančasti pigment nešto je slabije pokrivne moći. Mnogo se primjenjuje u grafičkoj industriji.

Naftolni pigmenti u obliku soli
Naftolni pigmenti u obliku soli pripravljaju se polazeći od diazotiranog monoamina supstituiranog u orto položaju sulfo grupom -SO3H. Kao kopulacijska komponenta služi 2-naftol ili 2-hidroksi-3-naftojeva kiselina. Dobiveno topljivo bojilo prevodi se zatim u netopivi pigment stvaranjem soli s ionima metala, u prvom redu kalcija i barija.

Od naftolnih pigmenata u obliku soli s nesupstituiranim 2-naftolom svega ih je nekoliko zadržalo veću tehničku važnost. Najpoznatiji su litoli (litolna crvenila), koji se ističu snažnom (intenzivnom) bojom, dobrim pokrivanjem i niskom cijenom. Najviše se upotrebljavaju kao pigmenti za sve vrste tiskarskih boja, a osim neotpornosti prema kemikalijama i povišenim temperaturama nisu za vanjsku upotrebu.

Pigmenti pod nazivom BON također su naftolni pigmenti u obliku soli, u kojima je kopulacijska komponenta 2-hidroksi-3-naftojeva kiselina (β oksinaftojeva ili BON kiselina). Crvena boja tih pigmenata plavičastog je tona (poput rubina). Najvažniji je među njima crveni pigment nazvan permanentrubinom (C.I. PR 57, 15 850), jedan je od najpoznatijih organskih pigmenata. Postojan je na svjetlu i u otapalima, briljantne i jake boje, ali je neotporan prema alkalijama. To je vrlo cijenjen pigment u pripravi svih vrsta tiskarskih boja.

Pigmenti naftola AS
Pigmenti naftola AS poznati su kao azo-pigmenti, od kojih se neki troše u velikim količinama. Kao kopulacijska komponenta u tim spojevima služi anilid 2-hidroksi-3-naftojeve kiseline, poznat pod nazivom naftol AS (prema njem. Anilid Säure). Pigmenti naftola AS dostupni su u narančastim, smeđim i crvenim bojama, od kojih je osobito vrijedna čitava paleta crvenih tonova. Pigmenti se odlikuju jakošću svoje boje, svjetlostalnošću i otpornošću prema kemikalijama, dok im je postojanost prema otapalima nešto slabija. Zahvaljujući uvođenju različitih supstituenata u oba anilinska prstena poznato je mnoštvo pigmenata te grupe, od kojih je najvažniji crveni pigment C.I. PR 112, 12 370.

Pigmenti naftola AS mnogo se upotrebljavaju u pripravi tiskarskih boja, a uvođenjem još jedne karboamidne grupe u molekulu smanjuje se osjetljivost prema otapalima i sklonost prema migraciji, pa takvi pigmenti služe i u pripravi kvalitetnih industrijskih lakova za naliče.

Izvori

Pigmenti

Naftoli


Thomas Mundy Peterson (October 6, 1824 – February 4, 1904) of Perth Amboy, New Jersey, has been claimed to be the first African-American to vote in an election under the just-enacted provisions of the 15th Amendment to the United States Constitution.

His vote was cast on March 31, 1870; the Amendment had been ratified almost two months earlier, on February 3, but was only officially certified by Secretary of State Hamilton Fish on March 30.

Biography
Peterson was born in Metuchen, New Jersey. His father, also named Thomas, worked for the Mundy family. His mother, Lucy Green, was a slave of Hugh Newell (1744–1816) of Freehold Township, New Jersey. She was manumitted at age 21 by Newell's will. After moving to Perth Amboy, Peterson married Daphne Reeves, whose mother, Bette, had been a slave on an estate of Andrew Bell in Perth Amboy.

For several years (between 1871 and 1878) Peterson was an employee of the Board of Education, serving as a custodian of School No. 1 located on State Street in Perth Amboy. He was also a general handyman around town and was active in both the United States Republican Party and the Prohibition Party. It has been claimed that he also holds the distinction of being the city's first "colored" person to serve on a jury, however, no direct evidence has been found.
Peterson is most notably remembered for voting in the local election held at Perth Amboy City Hall over the town's charter. Some citizens wanted to revise the existing charter while others wished to abandon the charter altogether in favor of a township form of government. Peterson cast his ballot in favor of revising the existing charter. This side won 230 to 63. Peterson was afterward appointed to be a member of the committee of seven that made subsequent amendments leading to the final version that was approved by the State Legislature on April 5, 1871. Historical records as to his contribution to revisions in the form of minutes, writing, or other records are still wanting. Through his work on the committee, he helped shape the city's educational system by aiding in organization of the Perth Amboy Board of Education in 1870 and construction of School No. 1, the city's first public school. When the school opened for classes in 1871, 378 students enrolled and Peterson became its first custodian.

To honor Thomas Mundy Peterson as the first African-American voter after the passage of the 15th Amendment, the citizens of Perth Amboy raised $70 ($ in  dollars) to award him with a gold medal. The full medal consists of a gold bar from which a two-inch diameter medallion was hung. The hanging medal featured a profile bust of a clean-shaven Abraham Lincoln. It was presented to Thomas Mundy Peterson on Memorial Day, which was then called Decoration Day, May 30, 1884.  The celebrations included a mass meeting to honor Mr. Peterson, held at the City Hall. The committee in charge was composed of James Lawrence Kearny, Patrick Convery, both of whom had been city officials; J.M Boggs, former collector of the port; Alderman John Fothergill; Ex-Mayor Uriah Burdge Watson; and I.T. Golding, former city official. The committee was representative of the Democratic and Republican parties. There was a program of speaking in tribute to Mr. Peterson, presided by Mayor James M. Chapman. The Reverend Dr. David Stevenson, Pastor of the Presbyterian Church, delivered the invocation. The principal speaker was Ex-Mayor William Paterson, Judge of the Court of Errors and Appeals. James Kearny, on behalf of the people of Perth Amboy, presented Mr. Peterson with his medal, which he is said to have loved and never considered himself properly dressed without it affixed to his left breast.

Charles F. Heartman (1883-1953) was a prominent Mississippi book dealer known for collecting and dealing in African-Americana and materials related to the history of the American South. As described by Heartman in 1945, "Little remains to be said. Peterson-Mundy sported a beard, and a portrait of him, wearing the medal, is known. In his old age, when he could not hold a full-time job, he was occasionally in want. Too proud to ask for anything, voluntary charitable administrations of his friends were apparently not sufficient, and it seems that on several occasions he had to pledge the medal for a small loan, to be redeemed at the earliest possible moment, until one day the greatest redeemer took hold of him, with the pledge unclaimed. It [the medal] passed into the hands of the Honorable Harold E. Pickersgill, Recorder of the City of Perth Amboy for many years, an indefatigable collector of New Jerseyana. It was one of his prized possessions. Some time after the judge's death I was fortunate to acquire the medal, an important memorabilia in the collection, where also can be found the pamphlet describing the history and transactions for the presentation, as well as a pencil-portrait sketch of Thomas Peterson-Mundy." In 1948 Xavier University of Louisiana acquired a large portion of Heartman's Collection of Material Relating to the Negro Culture, the Peterson-Mundy medal included. It is presently preserved in the XULA Library Archives & Special Collections and has been utilized for exhibitions at numerous historical institutions including the National Museum of African American History and Culture.

While he is known today as "Thomas Mundy Peterson," there are no contemporary records that include the three names together. The one exception is the cover for the program describing the ceremony when he was given the "voting medal," and that calls him "Thomas Peterson-Mundy." Contemporary documents refer to him as either Thomas Peterson or Thomas (or Tom) Mundy. His death certificate, the undertaker's accounts book, and a land deed all refer to him as "Thomas H. Peterson." In the obituary appearing in The Perth Amboy Evening News, he is called Thomas Henry Peterson.

Legacy
In October 1989, the school where Peterson had worked was renamed after him. It is currently on State Street, Perth Amboy.

In New Jersey, March 31 is annually celebrated as Thomas Mundy Peterson Day in recognition of his historic vote.

Peterson may well have been the first to vote after the ratification of the 15th Amendment — a result of his local election happening to be scheduled the day after the amendment's ratification. But he was far from being, as is often claimed, the first African American to vote in an election.

Several New England towns and northern states had allowed some free men of color to vote since colonial days, though some later rescinded those rights. New Jersey had allowed black residents to vote if they met residency and property requirements until 1807. And several states of the former Confederacy had allowed black suffrage earlier in Reconstruction; Louisiana, for example, had elected the nation's first black lieutenant governor, first black mayor, and first black elected member of Congress in 1868, each largely on the votes of freedmen.

In all, more than 700,000 African Americans had cast votes in U.S. elections before Peterson.

See also
List of African-American firsts

References

External links

1824 births
1904 deaths
People from Perth Amboy, New Jersey
Free Negroes
20th-century African-American people
African-American history of New Jersey

Thomas Mundy Peterson


Galija je hrid u Kaštelanskom zaljevu, otprilike na pola puta od lučice Spinut na Marjanu do Kaštel Sućurca.

Površina hridi je 483 m2, a visina 1 metar, a zajedno s objektom koji je na hridi sagrađen, 6 metara.

Izvori

Srednjodalmatinski otoci

Galija (Kaštelanski zaljev)


Gianfranco Leoncini (25. september 1939 - 5. april 2019) var en italiensk fodboldspiller (midtbane).

Leoncini spillede størstedelen af sin karriere hos Juventus i Torino. Her var han med til at vinde tre italienske mesterskaber og tre Coppa Italia-titler.

For det italienske landshold spillede Leoncini to kampe. Han var med i truppen til VM 1966 i England og spillede én af italienernes kampe i turneringen.

Titler
Serie A
 1959, 1960 og 1965 med Juventus

Coppa Italia
 1960, 1961 og 1967 med Juventus

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Italien
Personer fra Rom

Gianfranco Leoncini


Der Kremlin Cup 2009 war ein Tennisturnier der WTA Tour 2009 für Damen und ein Tennisturnier der ATP World Tour 2009 für Herren im Olimpijski in Moskau, die zeitgleich vom 19. bis 25. Oktober 2009 stattfanden.

Titelverteidiger im Einzel war Igor Kunizyn bei den Herren sowie Jelena Janković bei den Damen. Im Herrendoppel war die Paarung Serhij Stachowskyj und Potito Starace, im Damendoppel die Paarung Nadja Petrowa und Katarina Srebotnik Titelverteidiger.

Herrenturnier
→ Hauptartikel: Kremlin Cup 2009/Herren

→ Qualifikation: Kremlin Cup 2009/Herren/Qualifikation

Damenturnier
→ Hauptartikel: Kremlin Cup 2009/Damen

→ Qualifikation: Kremlin Cup 2009/Damen/Qualifikation

Weblinks
 Offizielle Homepage des Turniers

Turnier der WTA Tour 2009
Turnier der ATP World Tour 2009
Tennisturnier in Moskau
Olimpijski

Kremlin Cup 2009


Vasilij Sergeevič Vladimirov (en , en anglais Vasilii Sergeevich Vladimirov ; né le 9 janvier 1923 dans le gouvernement de Saint-Pétersbourg ; mort le  3 novembre 2012 à Moscou ) est un mathématicien russe.
Docteur en sciences physiques et mathématiques (1959), membre titulaire de l'Académie des sciences de l'URSS (1970, depuis 1991 - RAS), Héros du travail socialiste (1983), lauréat du prix Staline (1953) et du prix d'État de l'URSS (1987). Il est expert en mathématiques computationnelles, en  théorie quantique des champs, en théorie des fonctions analytiques de plusieurs variables complexes et en équations de la physique mathématique.

Biographie
Vladimirov est né non loin du lac Ladoga dans le village reculé de Dyaglevo, district de Novoladozhsky de la région de Léningrad, dans une famille de paysans pauvres ; il a obtenu son diplôme à l'Université de Léningrad en 1948. La même année, il commence à travailler à l'Institut de mathématiques Steklov. En 1959, il termine son habilitation (doctorat russe) avec Boris Alekseevich Venkov. Parmi ses professeurs à Leningrad il y avait également Leonid Kantorovitch et Nikolaï Bogolioubov, qui a dirigé son doctorat en 1953. Vladimirov est ensuite professeur à l'Université de Leningrad et à l'Institut Steklov de Leningrad. Il a également été professeur à l'université Lomonossov de Moscou. En 1988, il devient directeur de l'Institut Steklov de Moscou.

Recherche
Vladimirov a travaillé sur des fonctions analytiques de plusieurs variables complexes avec des applications en théorie quantique des champs, fonctions plurisousharmoniques, théorie du transport, méthode de Monte Carlo, théorie géométrie des nombres, théorie des distributions, application des nombres p-adiques en physique mathématique, théorèmes de Tauber multidimensionnels.

Prix et distinctions
Vladimirov a eu de nombreux prix, dont une douzaine de médailles liées à la Seconde Guerre mondiale, comme la médaille pour la victoire sur l'Allemagne dans la Grande Guerre patriotique de 1941-1945, médaille pour la Défense de Léningrad.
En 1953, il a reçu le prix Staline et en 1987 le prix de l'État soviétique. En 1971, il a reçu la médaille d'or Lyapunov et en 1999 la médaille d'or Bogolyubov. En 1970, il devient membre de l'Académie soviétique des sciences. Il était également membre de l'Académie serbe des sciences et des arts et, depuis 1985, membre correspondant de l'Académie des sciences de Saxe. En 1970, il est conférencier plénier au Congrès international des mathématiciens de Nice (Analytic functions of several complex variables and axiomatic quantum field theory).

Publications (sélection)

Bibliographie
 . — Traduction depuis Tr. Mat. Inst. Steklova 285, 7-8 (2014)
 .

Notes et références

Liens externes

 « Page d'accueil » sur l'Académie des sciences (en russe)
 « Page personnelle » sur www.mathnet.ru

Décès en novembre 2012
Naissance en janvier 1923
Étudiant de l'université d'État de Saint-Pétersbourg
Professeur à l'Institut de physique et de technologie de Moscou
Récipiendaire du prix d'État de l'URSS
Lauréat du prix Staline
Récipiendaire de l'ordre de Lénine
Héros du travail socialiste
Membre de l'Académie serbe des sciences et des arts
Membre de l'Académie des sciences de Saxe
Membre de l'Académie des sciences de Russie
Mathématicien russe du XXe siècle
Décès à 89 ans
Personnalité inhumée au cimetière Troïekourovskoïe

Vassilii Vladimirov


Sam Woo Restaurant (三和) is a restaurant chain that serves Hong Kong-style cuisine. It has many locations in predominantly overseas Chinese communities of Southern California, in Las Vegas, and in the suburbs of Toronto. "Sam Woo" is a romanization of the Cantonese pronunciation for "triple harmonies," in reference to feng shui principles, including the synthesis of heaven, earth, and humanity.  The complete Chinese name (三和燒臘麵家) would translate literally into English as "Three Harmonies Roast Meats and Noodle House."

History

The first delicatessen was opened in 1979 by an elderly immigrant from Hong Kong in the Los Angeles Chinatown and later spread to other locations in California, including Monterey Park and Alhambra.  The first Sam Woo has since relocated to a newer building within Chinatown to include a restaurant and delicatessen.

Two other locations in the San Gabriel Valley opened only to later change hands or close. One restaurant opened in Montebello, which was renamed to "A-1" (now closed) when an employee purchased it from the Sam Woo owners (though the menu remains the same).  In 2004 a Sam Woo also opened in the suburb of Covina, California, but it failed the following year and was replaced by a similar family-style restaurant.

There are two types of Sam Woo restaurants. The first is aptly named Sam Woo BBQ Restaurant (香港三和燒臘麵家; Pinyin: Xiānggǎng Sānhé Shāolà Miànjiā, Cantonese: hoeng1 gong2 saam1 wo4 siu1 laap6 min6 gaa1).

The restaurant chain operates in suburban areas in Southern California, mostly in communities where there are many immigrants from China and Taiwan, such as San Gabriel, Rowland Heights, and Irvine. Several, but not all, Sam Woo Restaurants in Southern California are located in shopping centers anchored by 99 Ranch Market stores. The popular Sam Woo BBQ Restaurant as well as the anchor tenant 99 Ranch Market has contributed to the development of the spectacular Chinatown, Las Vegas.

Sam Woo Restaurants are generally popular even though long waits to be seated are common.

In 1992, presidential candidate Bill Clinton held a fundraiser at a now-defunct Sam Woo Seafood Restaurant in San Gabriel, California. The restaurant was highly popular for its dim sum. However, in 2003, the restaurant received some less favorable media attention when it and surrounding Chinese businesses in San Gabriel were at the center of the SARS panic. Due to an unsubstantiated internet rumor, customer patronage declined and the restaurant closed.  Unlike in Hong Kong or Toronto, there was no actual verified case of SARS reported in San Gabriel or Los Angeles.

In Southern California, hoping to capitalize on the success of Sam Woo Restaurants, restaurateurs have opened imitations with similar names in English and Chinese.  Examples include the long-gone Sam Doo Restaurant in San Gabriel and the current S.W. Seafood Restaurant in Irvine.  In the early 1990s, a similar concept to Sam Woo Restaurant, the now-defunct Luk Yue Restaurant, also started in Chinatown (LA) and like Sam Woo, it expanded into the Chinese community of Monterey Park, California, Rowland Heights, and Cerritos, California.  The chain has since folded while Sam Woo Restaurant remains popular in the Chinese communities of Southern California and Toronto.

There was a popular multistory Chinese restaurant in Chinatown, San Francisco called Sam Wo.  Despite having a similar name and foods, it is not part of the chain in Southern California and should not be confused with it.

Locations

Canada

Ontario
Greater Toronto Area: one location in Toronto (Scarborough)

United States

California
Costa Mesa (Seafood - defunct)
Irvine (BBQ and Seafood) - closed as of 13 December 2021
Los Angeles County
 Freestanding - Chinatown, Los Angeles (original BBQ and Seafood closed - relocated BBQ still open)
 Van Nuys (BBQ)
 San Gabriel (BBQ-In Focus Plaza) Closed as of 12/1/2020
 San Gabriel (BBQ-168 Market)
 Rowland Heights (BBQ deli is open, Seafood restaurant closed around December 2006
Closed sep 2021 )
 Covina - (BBQ - defunct)
 Cerritos  (BBQ and Seafood)
 Garvey Plaza - Monterey Park (BBQ defunct)
 Freestanding - Alhambra (BBQ)
Rosemead (BBQ)
San Diego (BBQ)

Nevada
Chinatown Plaza - Las Vegas (Chinatown, Las Vegas)

See also

 List of Chinese restaurants
 List of seafood restaurants

References

External links
 Irvine Sam Woo Restaurant Seafood & BBQ Express is the official website of one of the restaurants.

Hong Kong-American culture
Restaurant chains in the United States
Companies based in Los Angeles County, California
Restaurants in Los Angeles
Chinese-American culture in California
Chinese restaurants outside China
Restaurants established in 1979
Chinatown, Los Angeles
Seafood restaurants
1979 establishments in California
Noodle restaurants

Sam Woo Restaurant


Charles Michael "Chuck" Schuldiner (d. 13 Mayıs 1967 - ö. 13 Aralık 2001),  Amerikalı gitarist, vokalist ve bestekâr. En çok Death grubuyla yaptığı müzikle tanınmaktadır.

Schuldiner, ilk olarak 1983'te Mantas isimli grubun ritim/solo gitaristi ve vokalisti idi. Ardından 1984 yılında grubun ismini Death olarak değiştirmeye karar verdi. Death Metal'ın yaratıcısı ve Florida Death Metali ekolünün öncüsü olan müzisyen olarak görülür ve Death Metal'in Babası olarak ünlenmiştir. Schuldiner Death Metal'in oluşumuna olan katkıları konusunda daima alçakgönüllü olmuştur ve bir röportajında şöyle söylemiştir: "Bana kalırsa Death Metal'in yaratıcısı olarak anılmamalıyım. Ben sadece bir grubun bir elemanıyım, ve bence Death bir metal grubudur."

Kendisi otoriteler ve hayranları tarafından metal müziğe damga vurmuş en büyük müzisyenlerden biri ve metalin filozofu olarak kabul edilmektedir.

Biyografi

İlk yılları
Chuck Schuldiner 13 Mayıs 1967'de Long Island, New York'ta Avusturya kökenli Yahudi bir babanın ve sonradan yahudi olmuş Güney Amerikalı bir annenin çocuğu olarak dünyaya gelmiştir. İkisi de öğretmendi. Ailesi Chuck 1 yaşındayken 1968'de Florida'ya taşındı. Schuldiner 3 kardeşin en küçüğüydü, Frank adında bir ağabeyi ve Bethann adında bir ablası vardı.

Schuldiner gitar çalmaya 9 yaşında başlamıştır. Ağabeyi Frank 16 yaşında bir araba kazasında ölmüştür. Chuck bu kazadan çok etkilenir ve ailesi ise acısını dindirmede yardımı dokunabileceğini düşünerek ona ilk gitarını alır. Schuldiner bir yıldan kısa bir süre boyunca; "Mary had a Little Lamb" isimli şarkıyı da öğrendiği ve sevmediği hatta tamamen bırakmak üzere olduğu klasik gitar dersleri alır. Daha sonra ailesi ona bir bit pazarından elektro gitar alır. Genç Schuldiner elektro gitara anında kapılır. Amfi edindikten sonra çalmayı, yazmayı ve kendi kendine öğrenmeyi hiç bırakmamıştır. Schuldiner'ın hafta sonlarını garajda ya da odasında gitar çalarak geçirdiği, ancak hafta içleri okul yüzünden yalnızca 3 saat çalmaya izni olduğu bilinir. Schuldiner, ilk defa 15-16 yaşlarında halkın önünde çaldı.

Schuldiner'ın etkilendiği ilk müzik figürleri Iron Maiden, KISS ve Billy Idol gibi isimlerdi. NWOBHM -New Wave Of British Heavy Metal- türüyle özellikle ilgilenmiş ve bu türün gruplarını sevdiğini beyan etmiştir. Fransız metal grubu Sortilège'in favori metal grubu olduğunu sık sık belirtmiştir. Slayer, Possessed, Mercyful Fate ve King Diamond da sonraları kendi müziğinde ona esin kaynağı olmuş gruplardır. Kariyerinin ilerleyen yıllarında Watchtower, Coroner  ve Queensrÿche gibi progresif metal gruplarından etkilendiğini de söylemiştir. Empty Words isimli resmi Schulinder sitesinde; Chuck'ın country ve rap haricinde her tür müziği sevdiği, hatta stüdyosunda keyfi olarak Klasik ve Jazz kaydettiği annesi tarafından yazılmıştır. Bunun dışında, annesi ve babası için sadece gitar kullanarak güzel bir enstrümental parça yaptığı ve kaydettiği belirtiliyor.

Schuldiner okulunda iyi bir performans göstermesine rağmen sıkılmış ve okulu bırakmıştır. Daha sonra bu kararından pişman olmuştur. Eğer müzisyen olmasaydı, veteriner hekim ya da aşçı olmak istediğini belirtmiştir.

Müzikal kariyeri
1983'te, Mantas adı altında Death'i kurdu. İlk kadroda üyeler Schuldiner(gitar), Rick Rozz(gitar) ve Kam Lee(bateri ve vokal) idi. 1986'nın Ocak ayında Schuldiner geçici olarak Toronto'ya taşındı ve Kanadalı grup  Slaughter ile çalışmaya başladı. Daha sonrasında Death'in oluşumu için geri döndü.

Death pek çok kadro değişikliği geçirdi. Schuldiner, Chris Reifert ile "Scream Bloody Gore" adlı ilk albümünü 1987'de çıkardı. Daha sonra bunu 1988'de "Leprosy" izledi. Bu albümde Schuldiner'a Mantas günlerinden gitarist Rick Rozz, ritim kısmında ise basçı Terry Butler ile baterist Bill Andrews eşlik etti. 1990'da çıkan "Spiritual Healing" albümünde ise, 1989 yılında gruptan kovulan Rick Rozz'un yerini James Murphy aldı.

Spiritual Healing'in ardından Schuldiner grubun sürekli üyeleri yerine yalnızca stüdyo ve canlı performans müzisyenleriyle çalışmaya karar verdi. Bu kararı vermesindeki sebep ise Death'in önceki gitaristleri ve ritim kısmı üyeleriyle geçinememesiydi. Bu durum onun metal müzik camiasındaki "mükemmeliyetçi" imajının pekişmesine sebep oldu. Schuldiner, menajeri Eric Greif'i de kovmuştu fakat bir sonraki albümünün kaydından önce onu tekrar işe aldı.

Death için bir dönüm noktası olan ve 1991 tarihinde çıkış yapan Human albümü; Schuldiner'ın gitar yeteneklerini daha ağır bir şekilde ortaya koyduğu bir albüm olarak grubun daha teknik ve progresif bir yönelme içerisinde olduğunun kanıtıdır. 1993'teki Individual Thought Patterns, 1995'teki Symbolic ve 1998'deki The Sound of Perseverance albümleriyle Schuldiner, grubun başarısı ile beraber bu stili de ilerletmiştir.

Schuldiner, The Sound of Perseverance'ın ardından başka bir projesi olan Control Denied'a yönelmek için Death'i dağıtır ve söz konusu projesinin ilk ve son çalışması olan The Fragile Art of Existence'ı 1999 yılında çıkarır. Schuldiner aynı zamanda Dave Lombardo ve Mille Petrozza gibi isimlerin de bulunduğu Voodoocult adlı projenin Jesus Killing Machine albümünde de gitar çalmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra Dave Grohl'un Probot adlı heavy metal projesine konuk vokalist olarak katılması için teklif götürdüğü Schuldiner, söz konusu albüme katkı sağlayamadan 2001 yılında ölmüştür. Kendisinin ölümüyle ilgili yapılan bir röportajda Dave Grohl gözyaşları içinde şöyle söylemiştir: "Chuck, hayatta doğru seçimleri yapabilmek için öldü. Bu...bu adil değil."

1998 yılında, The Sound of Perseverance albümünün dünya turu yapılırken Schuldiner, nu metal türünün oluşumunu küçümsediğini itiraf etti. Kendi müziğini "...metal - melodik. Hip hop, zıplamak ve bol pantolon saçmalığı yok." şeklinde belirtmiştir.

Hastalığı ve ölümü
1999 yılının Mayıs ayında Schuldiner boynunda bir ağrıdan şikayetçi olur ve bunun sebebinin sıkışmış bir sinir olduğundan şüphelenir. MR çekildikten sonra sinir sıkışması konusunda haklı olduğu ortaya çıkar. Ne yazık ki buna sebep olan beynindeki bir tümördür. 13 Mayıs 1999'da, 32. yaş gününde Schuldiner'a; beyin dokularında yayılan ve kötü huylu bir kanser türü olan ilerlemiş pontin gliyom teşhisi konur. Bunun üzerine vakit kaybetmeden radyoterapiye başlanır.

1999'un Kasım ayında Schuldiner'ın ailesi tümörün yok olduğunu ve Chuck'ın iyileşmeye başladığını duyurur. 2000 yılının Ocak ayında Schuldiner tümörden arta kalanların alınması için ameliyata girer. Ameliyat başarılı geçer; fakat Schuldiner ailesi maddi güçlükler çekmektedir. Ameliyat masrafları 70.000 $'dır ve bu miktar Schuldiner ailesinin karşılayabileceği bir miktar değildir. Masrafları karşılayabilmek için pek çok para toplama etkinliği, müzayede ve yardım konserleri düzenlenir. Metal müzik camiasının Schuldiner'ın hayatının tehlikede olduğunun farkına varmasının ardından para birikmeye başlar. Bunda Schuldiner ailesinin ve metal müzik camiasının duyarlığının payı büyüktür.

Schuldiner müziğe döner, Control Denied'daki çalışmalarını sürdürür. İlk teşhisten 2 yıl sonra Mayıs 2001'de kanser geri döner ve Schuldiner rahatsızlanır. Maddi yetersizliklerden ötürü operasyon geçiremez. Bir basın duyurusu yapılır ve yardım edebilecek herkesin destek vermesi istenir. Anne Jane Schuldiner bu duyuruya ulaşan herkesin sigorta yaptırmasını ister, çünkü Amerikan sistemine olan güveni sarsılmıştır. Bunun sebebi ise Chuck'ın sigorta yaptırmış olmasına rağmen sigorta şirketinin tümörün sigorta yaptırılmadan önce oluşmuş olmasını bahane ederek ameliyat masraflarını karşılamayı reddetmesidir. Bunun üzerine Kid Rock, Korn ve Red Hot Chili Peppers gibi ünlü sanatçılar bir araya gelir ve kişisel eşyalarıyla bir müzayede açarlar. Bundan elde ettikleri kazançla da masraflara yardım ederler. Bu esnada Schuldiner kemoterapi ilaçları sebebiyle giderek güçten düşer ve vücudu zayıflar. Schuldiner'ın zayıflayan vücudu Ekim ayı sonunda zatürreeye yakalanır.

Schuldiner 13 Aralık 2001 günü yerel saate göre öğleden sonra 4'te hayata gözlerini yumdu. 18 Aralık 2001'de Tampa'da yakıldı. Cenazesine gelen isimler arasında Mike Patton, Dimebag Darrell, Glen Benton, King Diamond, Ville Valo, Trey Azagthoth, Max Cavalera ve o güne kadar Death kadrosunda bulunmuş bütün müzisyenler vardır.

Miras

Schuldiner'ın ailesinin yardımıyla birlikte eski menajer Eric Greif, Perseverance Holdings Ltd.'nin başkanı olarak onun mirasını yönetiyor. Annesi Jane ve kız kardeşi Beth, hayranlarla sıklıkla etkileşim içinde bulunmaktadır. İkisi de Schuldiner'ın müziğini sevdiğini belirtiyor. Schuldiner'ın kayıtları ve fikri mülkiyeti Greif'in elinde. Beth Schuldiner'ın Christopher Steele isimli, gitar çalan ve Schuldiner'ın tüm gitarlarına sahip bir oğlu var. Ayrıca BC Rich 2008 kataloğunda Schuldiner'ın imza modeli olan Stealth isimli gitarın Steele'in onayı ile satışa çıkarıldığını belirten bir açıklama yayınladı.

Schuldiner'ın Orlando çevresinde evleri ve iki köpeği vardı. Schuldiner, garajının içine "Crystal Mountain" de olmak üzere birçok eserini ilham aldığı bir stüdyo inşa etmiştir. Metal Crusade haber bülteni ve fan kulübü sitesi Schuldiner'ın home office'iydi.

Schuldiner'ın ölümünden bu yana, 2000 ve 2001 yıllarında kaydedilen ve 2013 yılında piyasaya sürülmesi planlanan ve kısmen tamamlanan "When Man and Machine Collide" isimli ikinci Control Denied albümünün haklarının uzlaşması üzerine yasal bir savaş başladı.  Yayınlanmamış Control Denied şarkılarının demoları, ilk Death demoları ve 1990'dan sonraki canlı Death kayıtları Hollandalı Hammerheart Holdings şirketi tarafından Zero Tolerance isimli iki bölümlük derleme bootleginde yayınlandı. Schuldinerlar ve Greif, Schuldiner's Estate adına hak iddiasında bulundu. Mesele, projenin 2010 yılında çıkış yapması umularak Kasım 2009'da çözüldü. Schuldiner'ın ailesi ve çeşitli Death anma grupları tarafından anma konserleri koordine ve finanse ediliyor. Schuldiner'ı idolü olarak gören eski CKY solisti Deron Miller, eski Death gitaristi James Murphy ile çeşitli projeler üzerinde çalışmaktayken bir anma albümü yapma fikrinde bulundu. Murphy, onun metal camiasındaki bıraktığı izi anmak için bir Chuck Schuldiner anma albümü yayınlayacağını duyurdu. Schuldiner'ın ailesi, kamuoyu önünde Murphy'e destek sundu ancak albümün yapımı hiç gerçekleşmedi. Relapse Records'un Death'in Japonya'daki bir canlı performans videosu, bir perde arkası videosu ve Schuldiner'ın el yazısı olan notlarının özel kopyalarının da dahil olduğu Schuldiner'ın tüm çalışmalarını içeren potansiyel bir kutu setinin üzerinde çalıştığı Beth Schuldiner'ın YouTube kanalı aracılığıyla doğrulandı.  Eric Greif, 13 Mayıs 2011 tarihinde Calgary'de Greif ve eski Death gitaristi Paul Masvidal'ın konuşma yaptığı, bunun yanı sıra bazı grupların Schuldiner'ın müziklerini çaldığı bir hayır işi doğum günü eğlencesi düzenledi. Greif, bunu 12 Mayıs 2012'de eski Death üyeleri Rick Rozz ve Terry Butler'ın bulunduğu Massacre grubunu konuk ederek tekrarladı.

Kitap

Ocak 2001'de İranlı metal gitarist ve müzisyeni Mahyar Dean, Death ve Schuldiner şiirleri hakkında Death isminde bir kitap yazdı. Kitapta çift dilli şarkı sözleri ve grupla alakalı birçok makale yer almaktadır. Kitap, emptywords.org sitesinin sahipleri aracılığıyla Schuldiner'a gönderildi. Schuldiner, yazarın kitaba hayat vermek için ortaya koyduğu bariz çalışma ve bağlılığı ile gerçekten şaşkına dönmüş ve onurlandırılmış olduğunu söylerek yorumlamıştır.

Diskografisi

Videografi

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 http://www.emptywords.org/BANDPerryGrayson.htm
 https://web.archive.org/web/20091027025354/https://www.tampabay.com/features/music/the-way-the-music-died-the-earliest-days-of-tampa-death-metal/1046088/
 https://www.guitarworld.com/artists/jane-schuldiner-unpublished-interview
 https://www.blabbermouth.net/news/gene-hoglan-says-chuck-schuldiner-was-always-uncomfortable-with-being-called-godfather-of-death-metal/
 https://www.allmusic.com/artist/death-mn0000228323
 https://www.ultimate-guitar.com/news/general_music_news/the_best_of_namm_2008_jimmy_page_satriani_models_among_the_highlights.html
 https://www.npr.org/sections/allsongs/2011/12/12/143518038/death-is-never-finished-remembering-death-metal-pioneer-chuck-schuldiner/

1967 doğumlular
2001 yılında ölenler
Yahudi asıllı Amerikalılar
Amerikalı heavy metal gitaristler
Amerikalı heavy metal şarkıcıları
Amerikalı erkek şarkıcılar
Nörolojik hastalıktan ölümler
Beyin tümöründen ölenler
Avusturya'da kanserden ölenler
Viyana'da ölenler
Cenazesi yakılarak icra olunan kişiler
20. yüzyıl erkek şarkıcıları
Amerikalı erkek gitaristler

Chuck Schuldiner


Discovery Kids este un canal de televiziune american înființat în 1996 care aparține lui Warner Bros. Discovery. Canalul este disponibil în Miami, America Latină, Brazilia și Asia.

Statele Unite
Discovery Kids a fost lansat la 7 octombrie 1996, Canalul oferea știință, natură, și programe-aventura tematice destinate copiilor cu vârste cuprinse între 6 și 11 ani.

Discovery Kids a fost oprită în 10 octombrie 2010 și a fost înlocuită cu The Hub.

Vezi și
 Discovery Family
 Cartoon Network

Legături externe

Televiziuni din Statele Unite ale Americii

Discovery Kids


Deutsche Fertigungskennzeichen sind codierte Herstellerangaben, die von 1940 bis 1945 aus Gründen der Geheimhaltung für militärisches Gerät (Waffen, Munition, Sprengstoff und Ausrüstungsgegenstände) verwendet wurden. Aufschlüsse über Produktionsstätten, Standorte und Leistung sollten dadurch den Gegnern im Zweiten Weltkrieg verwehrt, die Aufklärung und Zerstörung sowie Spionage und Sabotage verhindert werden.

Jeder für die deutsche Wehrmacht tätige Betrieb bekam Fertigungskennzeichen zugewiesen (manchmal auch mehrere), die auf den entsprechenden Produkten angebracht wurden. Dabei spielte es keine Rolle, ob sich der Produktionsstandort in Deutschland, in den besetzten Gebieten oder im Ausland befand. Die über 9300 bekannten verschiedenen Fertigungskennzeichen verdeutlichen die große Zahl von Betrieben und Firmen, die für die deutsche Rüstung tätig waren.

Geschichte
Schon seit dem Altertum wurden Waffen und Gerät vom Hersteller (und oft auch vom Besitzer) mit individuellen Schriftzügen oder Symbolen gekennzeichnet. Dies geschah meist in Form von Gravuren sowie eingeprägten oder eingeschlagenen Zeichen. So finden sich z. B. bei Schusswaffen Prüfzeichen, Beschusszeichen, Zulassungszeichen usw.

Um immer größere Truppenteile mit identischem Material ausrüsten zu können, setzte sich infolge der industriellen Massenfertigung eine fortlaufende Nummerierung innerhalb einer Serie durch. Die Produktion gleicher Waffen und einzelner Teile an verschiedenen Standorten und von verschiedenen Zulieferern machte eine Normung erforderlich, um die Qualität zu erhöhen.

Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg trat Anfang 1920 der Versailler Vertrag für Deutschland in Kraft, der u. a. den Abbruch von Befestigungen und Rüstungsbetrieben erzwang sowie die Herstellung von Militärtechnik stark begrenzte. Bis 1927 waren nur noch 13 Firmen für die Produktion von Heeresmaterial und 28 für Marinematerial zugelassen. Nach 1927 waren es insgesamt nur noch 33 Firmen, die deutsches Rüstungsgut fertigen durften. Um einerseits diese restriktiven Bestimmungen zu umgehen und andererseits in der Entwicklung der Militärtechnik nicht hinter anderen Staaten zurückzufallen, betrieben mehrere deutsche Firmen eine Entwicklung und Fertigung im Ausland. So entstanden auch in der Sowjetunion Zweigstellen u. a. von BMW, Henschel, Junkers und Krupp. Die Zusammenarbeit wurde im Vertrag von Rapallo auf eine rechtliche Grundlage gestellt.

Während der geheimen Aufrüstung bereits in der Weimarer Republik wurden ab Mitte der 1920er Jahre vom Heereswaffenamt verschlüsselte Hersteller-Kennzeichnungen gefordert; so entstand u. a. der S-Code. Firmenzeichen (heute: Markenzeichen) wurden ersetzt, um Unbefugten die Zuordnung von Waffen und Gerät zu Produktionsstätten und -standorten zu verwehren.

Codierung

Ursprünglich bestanden die Fertigungskennzeichen aus den Zahlen von 1 bis 99. Als sich die Notwendigkeit ergab, mehr als 99 Firmen zu benennen, wählte man dreistellige Ziffernfolgen beziehungsweise die Kombination der Zahlen 1 bis 99 mit einem Buchstaben. Ebenso gab es zweistellige Buchstabenkombinationen.
Die endgültige Verschlüsselung bestand aus drei Kleinbuchstaben (um Verwechslungen mit allgemeinen Abkürzungen oder Firmennamen zu vermeiden) und fand zwischen 1940 und 1945 Anwendung. Ab 1. Januar 1941 war die Verwendung obligat. Gelegentlich wurden Fertigungskennzeichen auch mehrfach vergeben. So teilte man nach Erlöschen einer Firma deren Zeichen einem anderen Betrieb zu.

Um Verwechslungen zu vermeiden, wurden Kennzeichen, bei denen ein "Kopfstehen" des Codes eine andere Deutung zuließ, zusätzlich mit einem Punkt versehen (Beispiel: man verwendete das Kürzel "ddx.", um eine Verwechslung mit "xpp" zu vermeiden). Es gab jedoch auch weiterhin einige zweistellige Kennbuchstaben. Das Produktionsjahr wurde ebenfalls zweistellig angegeben, jedoch gelegentlich auch mit nur einem Buchstaben verschlüsselt.

An Waffen und Gerät, das aus Teilen verschiedener Zulieferer besteht, finden sich mehrere Fertigungskennzeichen.

Weitere Zeichen
Manche Hersteller deutscher Militärausrüstung kennzeichneten ihre Erzeugnisse mit Abkürzungen (keine Fertigungskennzeichen). So verwendete die Reichszeugmeisterei der NSDAP das Kürzel "RZM", und die Leistungsgemeinschaft deutscher Ordenhersteller verwendete eigene Codierungen.

Die nach dem Krieg veröffentlichten Deutschen Fertigungskennzeichen ermöglichen Forschern, Interessierten und Sammlern Aufschluss über die Hersteller von militärischer Ausrüstung aus der Zeit des Dritten Reiches.

Siehe auch
 Liste deutscher Fertigungskennzeichen
 Liste der Fertigungskennzeichen der Enigma
 S-Codes
 Leistungsgemeinschaft deutscher Ordenhersteller

Literatur
 Oberkommando des Heeres (Heereswaffenamt Wa Z 2):
- Liste der Fertigungskennzeichen für Waffen, Munition und Gerät, Berlin 1940–1944
- Firmenliste nach Buchstaben mit Kennziffern, Berlin 1940
- Liste der Fertigungskennzeichen für Pulver- u. Sprengstoff-Fabriken, Berlin 1941
 Oberkommando des Heeres (Heereswaffenamt Wa Z 2): Liste der Fertigungskennzeichen für Waffen, Munition und Gerät, Berlin 1944; Reprint: Pawlas, Publizistisches Archiv für Militär- u. Waffenwesen, Nürnberg 1977
 J. Gargela u. Z. Faktor: Zeichen auf Handfeuerwaffen, Artia Verlag, Prag 1985
 Michael Heidler: Deutsche Fertigungskennzeichen bis 1945, Visier-Edition, VS-Medien GmbH, Bad Ems, ISBN 3-9811018-7-1.

Weblinks

Rüstungsindustrie
Militärische Ausrüstung (Wehrmacht)
Militärtechnik
Wehr- und Rüstungswirtschaft im Nationalsozialismus

Deutsche Fertigungskennzeichen


Die Saison 2005/06 war die 4. Spielzeit des von der ULEB ausgetragenen ULEB Cup, der heute als EuroCup firmiert.

Den Titel gewann MBK Dynamo Moskau aus Russland.

Modus
Es nahmen 24 Mannschaften aus 15 Nationen teil. Die Saison begann am 8. November 2005 und endete mit dem Finale am 11. April 2006. Die 24 Teams wurden aufgeteilt in 4 Gruppen mit je sechs Teams. Es wurde eine Doppelrunde jeder gegen jeden gespielt.  Die vier Besten jeder Gruppe erreichten das Achtelfinale. Die Sieger in diesem, sowie im Viertelfinale und im Halbfinale wurden in Hin- und Rückspiel ermittelt. Das Finale wurde in einem Spiel ausgetragen.

Teilnehmer an der Hauptrunde

Gruppenphase

Gruppe A

Gruppe B

Gruppe C

Gruppe D

Achtelfinale

Viertelfinale

Halbfinale

Finale

Finals (MVP)

  Ruben Douglas (Dynamo Moskau)

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website des Eurocups (englisch)

2005
Basketballsaison 2005/06

ULEB Cup 2005/06


Hybosoridae ist eine Familie der Käfer innerhalb der Überfamilie Scarabaeoidea.

Merkmale

Käfer
Die Käfer haben eine Körperlänge von 5,0 bis 15,0 Millimeter. Ihr Körper ist oval, hellbraun bis schwarz und glänzend. Der Kopf ist nicht nach unten abgeknickt. Der vordere Rand des Epipharynx ist mittig gezähnt bis sägeförmig und hat einen Saum, der von spärlicher, feiner Behaarung über dichte feine Behaarung bis zu spärlicher kräftiger Behaarung reicht. Seitliche Kämme können ausgebildet sein. Die sklerotisierten Bereichen des Epipharynx (Tormae) sind einfach, doppelt oder fehlen. Bei einigen wenigen Arten wie Metachaetodus discus ist eine mittige Beborstung ausgebildet. Die Fühler sind zehngliedrig und haben eine dreigliedrige Keule, dessen erstes Glied becherförmig (cupuliform) ist und meistens die anderen beiden Glieder umschließt. Die Mandibeln haben eine sklerotisierte Basis und Spitze. Letztere ist in der Regel spitz zulaufend. Die Prostheca ist von klein über eine Reihe von Härchen bis zu einer haarigen Membrane ausgebildet. Bei der Gattung Hybosorus ist mesial ein deutlicher Haarbüschel ausgebildet. Der basale Teil der Maxille (Cardo) ist horizontal erweitert. Der laterale Stipes ist zurückgebildet und vom medianen Stipes getrennt. Letzterer ist mit dem wiederum miteinander verwachsenen Para- und Ventrostopes verwachsen. Die Galea besteht aus behaarten Lappen. Die Labial- und Maxillarpalpen sind viergliedrig, mit Ausnahme von der Gattung Chaetodus, bei der letztere dreigliedrig und der Gattung Anaides, bei der erstere dreigliedrig sind. Das Labium ist bei allen Arten mit dem Mentum und Prementum verwachsen. Die Flügelader 1Ax-FSc2 ist breit und sichelförmig. Die Tracheenöffnungen des Hinterleibs sind alle funktionsfähig. Das letzte Paar befindet sich am Tergit. Die männlichen Genitalien sind unterschiedlich ausgebildet und entweder symmetrisch oder asymmetrisch. Sie haben einen Sacculus und eine Genitalkapsel, die jedoch bei manchen Arten stark zurückgebildet sein kann. Die weiblichen Genitalien haben am neunten Tergit an der Mittellinie einen membranösen Bereich. Ihnen fehlen die Styli.

Larven
Der Körper der Larven ist in einem breiten C gekrümmt. Die Thorax- und Hinterleibssegmente sind am Rücken in drei Falten untergliedert. Ocelli sind keine ausgebildet. Die Frontoclypealnaht ist vorhanden. Die Fühler sind viergliedrig, bei manchen Gattungen sind die letzten beiden Segmente jedoch verwachsen, sodass deren Fühler dreigliedrig erscheinen. Am letzten Fühlerglied befindet sich ein großer Sinnesfleck, der ungefähr die Hälfte des Segments umfasst. Beide Mandibeln haben dorsal einen rechtwinkelig liegenden Kiel. Galea und Lacinia sind deutlich getrennt. Auf den vorderen und mittleren Beinen besitzen die Larven Organe, mit denen sie Geräusche erzeugen können. Die hinteren Beine sind nicht verkürzt.

Verbreitung
Die Familie ist weltweit verbreitet, hat ihren Verbreitungsschwerpunkt jedoch in den Tropen.

Lebensweise
Die Imagines der meisten Arten sind nachtaktiv und werden durch Lichtquellen angelockt. Sie ernähren sich von zersetzendem Fleisch im frühen Stadium der Verwesung und von Dung. Von mehreren afrikanischen Arten ist bekannt, dass sie durch frisches Aas in großer Zahl angelockt werden. Hybosorus roei ernährt sich räuberisch und jagt kleine Insekten. Larven wurden in verrottendem Pflanzenmaterial oder in Erde gefunden. Sowohl sie, als auch die Imagines können durch Stridulation Geräusche erzeugen. Die Larven reiben dazu ihre Vorderbeine gegen den Vorderrand des Epipharynx, was innerhalb der Scarabaeoidea einzigartig ist.

Taxonomie und Systematik
Die Familie umfasst mehr als 26 rezente und vier ausgestorbene Gattungen mit ungefähr 230 Arten. In der Neuen Welt kommen davon 16 Gattungen und mehr als 40 Arten vor.

Die Monophylie der Familie ist durch folgende zwei Autapomorphien begründet: Bei den Imagines ist die Flügelader 1Ax-FSc2 breit und sichelförmig und bei den Larven sind an den vorderen und mittleren Beinen Organe zur Geräuscherzeugung ausgebildet. Anhand der männlichen Genitalien und der Mundwerkzeuge zeigt sich, dass die Familie in eine neuweltliche und eine altweltliche Gruppe unterteilt werden kann. Es gibt jedoch auch einen Ansatz, die Unterfamilie Dynamopodinae, die von Beutel & Leschen (2005) der Familie der Blatthornkäfer (Scarabaeidae) zugerechnet wird, innerhalb der Hybosoridae zu stellen. Die Hybosoridae liegen verwandtschaftlich zwischen den Ochodaeidae und Ceratocanthidae oder den Erdkäfern (Trogidae) und den Ceratocanthidae. Dass die Familie eine Schwestergruppe mit den Ceratocanthidae bildet, wurde durch mehrere Arbeiten bestätigt.

Belege

Einzelnachweise

Literatur

Weblinks

Käfer
Coleoptera

Hybosoridae


Il Socrate immaginario (título original en italiano; en español, El Sócrates imaginario) es una ópera en tres actos con música de Giovanni Paisiello y libreto en italiano de Giovanni Battista Lorenzi. Como cuenta el propio Lorenzi, en la redacción del libreto participó también el abad Ferdinando Galiani, exponente de la Ilustración napolitana.

Se estrenó en el mes de octubre del año 1775 en el Teatro Nuovo de Nápoles, donde tuvo un gran éxito, tanto que el rey Fernando IV la quiso representar también en el propio Palacio Real el día 23 del mismo mes.

Esta ópera se representa rara vez. En las estadísticas de Operabase aparece con sólo 2 representaciones en el período 2005-2010. El 23 de septiembre de 2005 se representó en el Teatro San Carlos de Nápoles bajo la dirección de Antonino Fogliani, en una versión reelaborada por Roberto De Simone, el cual reescribió la dramaturgia y revisó la música.

Argumento
Don Tammaro Promontorio da Modugno, un rico terrateniente pullés, ha perdido la cabeza a causa del exceso de lecturas de los filósofos antiguos y ahora se cree él mismo un filósofo. Toma así como modelo la vida de su filósofo predilecto, Sócrates, imitándolo en sus costumbres. Da nombres griegos a las personas que lo rodean, es feliz de ser maltratado por su esposa, como lo era su ídolo, y por el mismo motivo decidió tener una segunda mujer y casar a su hija con el barbero, que finge ser su seguidor. Para impedir que lleve a cabo sus locos proyectos, los parientes fingen una aparición de las Furias con el fin de espantarlo y luego le hacen beber un somnífero, haciéndolo pasar por la famosa cicuta que mató a Sócrates. Al despertar, la locura de Don Tammaro ha desaparecido.

Enlaces externos

Breve tratado sobre Il Socrate immaginario (diccionario del teatro, en italiano)

Óperas de Giovanni Paisiello
Óperas en italiano
Óperas de 1775
Óperas estrenadas en Nápoles

Il Socrate immaginario


نافباكتوس: (باليونانية: Ναύπακτος) مدينة يونانية ومركز لبلدية تقع في غرب وسط البلاد ضمن مقاطعة إيتوليا-أكارنانيا التي تتبع إدارياً لإقليم ذيتيكي إلاذا الإداري.

الموقع والسكان

تقع المدينة ضمن خليج صغير على الساحل الشمالي لخليج كورنث. بالقرب من المنطقة ضمن هذا الخليج والتي تعرف باسم مضيق ليبانتو (Lepanto).
{{خريطة مواقع|اليونان|label=نافباكتوس</small>|lat=38.39|long=21.82|caption=موقع نافباكتوس}}
تبعد المدينة مسافة 40 كيلومتر إلى الشرق من ميسولونغي عاصمة المقاطعة (إيتوليا-أكارنانيا)، عبر الطريق E-55
بينما تبعد مسافة 20 كيلومتر فقط من جهة الشمال الشرقي عن باتراس عاصمة إقليم غرب اليونان، وذلك عبر الطريق E-55 ثم جسر ريو-أنتيريو المعلق الذي يقطع مضيق ليبانتو.

يبلغ عدد سكان المدينة حوالي (13) ألف نسمة بينما يصبح عدد سكانها مع الأقسام البلدية التابعة لها حوالي (18) ألف نسمة (إحصاء 2001) وبالتالي تكون ثاني أكبر مدينة في إيتوليا-أكارنانيا بعد أغرينيو.

 التسمية

يعتقد أن اسم نافباكتوس قادم من كلمتين يونانيتين هما نافس (ναύς) بمعنى الـسفينة، وَ بغنومي (πήγνυμι) بمعنى باني أو مصلح.

 التاريخ
 الفترة الكلاسيكية والرومانية

كانت نافباكتوس إحدى مدن اللوكريين الأوزليين (أحد القبائل الهيلينية)، ولكن أثينا استولت عليها في العام 455 ق.م. وقام هؤلاء بإسكان الميسينيين فيها (والذين طردهم الأسبرطيون من ديارهم)، وجعلوها قاعدتهم البحرية في غرب اليونان وخاصة أثناء الحرب البيلوبونيزية. وقعت بالقرب منها العديد من المعارك أثناء تلك الحرب.

عادت ملكية المدينة عام 404 ق.م. إلى اللوكريين الأوزليين مجدداً، وقد فقدوها لوقت قصير لصالح الأخائيين، ولكن أبامينونداس ساعدهم على استعادتها منهم.

احتلها فيليب المقدوني وقام بإعطائها للإيتوليين. ولكن وفي العام 191 ق.م. قام الرومان باحتلال المدينة، استمر ازدهار المدينة حتى العام 170 م. في عهد الإمبراطور جستنيان الأول عندما دمرتها هزة أرضية قوية.

 القرون الوسطى والفترة العثمانية

على الرغم من تعرض المدينة للعديد من الـزلازل في هذه الفترة إلا أنها استمرت بلعب دور مركز كنسي للمنطقة (مجمع سارذيكي) ثم (مركز نيكوبوليس) في الوقت التي كانت جزءاً من الإمبراطورية البيزنطية.

احتلها الفينيسيون عام 1204 م. الذين قاموا بتحصينها جيداً وأطلقوا عليها اسم ليبانتو (Lepanto). في العقود الأخيرة للقرن الرابع عشر تولت السيطرة عليها من قبل الـفينيسيين، الألبان والعثمانيين، ولكنها استقرت في يد الفينيسيين منذ العام 1407.

حاصرها العثمانيون مجدداً عام 1477 لمدة أربعة أشهر بجيش مؤلف من 30 ألف مقاتل، ولكنهم فشلوا في فتحها، ثم عادوا ودخلوها عام 1499 عندما تردد أن الفينيسيون باعوها للـسلطان بيازيد الثاني.

حدثت بالقرب منها عام 1571 إحدى المعارك الحاسمة في الصراع العثماني-الأوروبي وهي معركة ليبانتو البحرية، بين الأسطول العثماني وأساطيل التحالف المقدس الذي ضم الأسطول الإسباني، الفينيسي، البابوي، والأسطول الهابسبورغي. انتهت هذه المعركة إلى تدمير كامل للأسطول البحري العثماني، وبالتالي الحد من القدرة البحرية العثمانية في البحر المتوسط.

عادت المدينة لتشكل جزءاً من الدولة اليونانية بدءاً من العام 1829 م. بعد حرب استقلال اليونان.

 المعالم الأساسية

 قلعة نافباكتوس الفينيسية: وهي أهم معلم في المدينة، ومن أهم القلاع في اليونان، تعتبر مثالاً عن الهندسة الدفاعية الفينيسية والعثمانية، وهي مبنية على تلة شديدة الانحدار مطلة على خليج كورنث، حولها سور دفاعي ممتد له أربعة أبواب، هذا بالإضافة إلى الأسوار الدفاعية البحرية حول الميناء.
 ميناء نافباكتوس: وهو ميناء صغير توجد به الكثير من المقاهي التقليدية، ويوجد ضمنه تمثال للأديب الإسباني ميغيل دي ثرفانتس والذي فقد ذراعه أثناء معركة ليبانتو البحرية بالقرب من المدينة.
 متحف نافباكتوس الأركيولوجي': وهو متحف صغير يلقي الضوء على تاريخ المدينة الكلاسيكي من خلال اللقى الأثرية المجموعة من المنطقة.

 متفرقات
 توجد في المدينة قسم نظم الاتصالات والشبكات التابع للمعهد التقني العالي في ميسولونغي.
 أهم نادي رياضي في المدينة هو نافباكتياكوس أستيراس، ويلعب ناديه لكرة القدم في دوري الدرجة الثالثة اليوناني (موسم 2007-2008'').
 تعتبر المدينة مركزاً كنسياً لطائفة الروم الكاثوليك

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 موقع المدينة الرسمي

نافباكتوس
أماكن مأهولة في إيتوليا-أكارنانيا
أيتوليا
بلدات ومدن مرفئية متوسطية في اليونان
غولف في كورينث القديمة
مدن اليونان القديمة
مستوطنات محصنة

نافباكتوس


Olaylar
 25 Eylül -  Vey Nehri üzerindeki Pien Köprüsü'nde Li Shimin ile İllig Kağan arasında ittifak gerçekleştirildi..
 Avrupalı Avarlar, Slavlar ve Sasaniler tarafından yapılan Konstantinopolis Kuşatması, Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun kesin zaferiyle son buldu.

Doğumlar
 10 Ocak - Hüseyin bin Ali, İslam peygamberi Muhammed'in torunu (ö. 680)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Heraklonas, Bizans İmparatoru (ö. 641)
 İmparator Tenji, Japonya'nın geleneksel veraset düzenine göre 38. imparatoru (ö. 672)

Ölümler
 4 Eylül - İmparator Gaozu, Çin'in Tang Hanedanı'nın kurucusu ve ilk imparatoru (d. 566)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Şahin Vahmanzadegan, II. Hüsrev döneminde üst düzey bir Sasani generali

Kaynakça

626


Nervul senzitiv este un nerv care conduce informațiile preluate de către orice zona a organismului către sistemul nervos central, iar mai apoi către creier.

Clasificare
Nervii senzitivi se clasifică pe părți, astfel încât există nervi senzitivi responsabili pentru temperatură, durere, plăcere etc.

Note

Sistemul nervos
Histologie
Neuroștiințe
Celule

Nerv senzitiv


The University of St. Thomas (also known as UST or simply St. Thomas) is a private Catholic research university with campuses in St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota. Founded in 1885 as a Catholic seminary, it is named after Thomas Aquinas, the medieval Catholic theologian and philosopher who is the patron saint of students. As of fall 2021, St. Thomas enrolled 9,347 students, making it Minnesota's largest private, nonprofit university.

History
Founded in 1885 by John Ireland, archbishop of Saint Paul and Minneapolis, St. Thomas began as an all-male, Catholic seminary. In 1894, the liberal arts program became an independent college through a gift from local railroad tycoon James J. Hill, who provided funds to establish the Saint Paul Seminary apart from the college. In 1903, the College of St. Thomas established a military program on campus, and it was officially termed a military school by the U.S. War Department in 1906. Initially, the school gave out two-year diplomas in commercial and classical programs before awarding its first academic degrees in 1915. In 1922, military training became optional.

From the late 1920s through the mid-1930s, the Holy Cross Fathers, who run the University of Notre Dame, controlled the college's administration. The diocese called those priests in to help with the school's financial problems; those priests were known as a crisis intervention team of sorts for parochial schools of that time. During World War II, St. Thomas served as a training base for naval officers, which kept the school open when men who would have attended college were fighting in the war. After the war, in 1948, the college established "Tom Town" on the eastern end of the lower quadrant, which is currently the site to the O'Shaughnessey-Frey Library and O'Shaughnessey Education Center. Tom Town, made of 20 double-dwelling huts, consisted of white, barracks-like housing units for faculty, students, and their families. The units helped to meet housing demand after World War II.

In the latter half of the 20th century, St. Thomas started two of its most notable graduate programs, education in 1950 and business administration in 1974. The school became co-educational in 1977, and although women were not allowed to enroll until then, female students from St. Catherine University (then the College of St. Catherine) often took classes at St. Thomas. Women were also present as instructors and administrators on campus, but the staff, faculty, and administration have seen a vast increase in female employment since the move to co-education. In 1990, the College of St. Thomas became the University of St. Thomas and the following year, the university opened the Minneapolis campus. In 2001, St. Thomas reinstated its School of Law at its Minneapolis campus; it had been shut down during the Great Depression. U.S. Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia was the speaker at the grand opening.

Campuses

Saint Paul

The St. Paul campus is the main campus and is home to most undergraduate students. The main campus, built on a farm site once considered "far removed from town", is located where St. Paul's Summit Avenue meets the Mississippi River. The site was farmed by ex-Fort Snelling soldier William Finn, who received the property as a pension settlement after he accidentally shot himself in the hand while on guard duty.

The western edge of the campus borders the Mississippi Gorge Regional Park. Summit Avenue, which runs through the middle of the campus, is the country's longest span of Victorian homes. This tree-lined avenue includes the Governor's Mansion, F. Scott Fitzgerald's townhome, and James J. Hill's mansion.

In 2005, a new apartment-style residence hall was built on an existing parking lot. McNeely Hall was also built the following year. It is a large classroom building for business that replaced the smaller building of the same name. A new residential village, more parking ramps, and general planning all have been negotiated successfully with the surrounding neighborhood. These developments are expected to begin within the next five years.

In early 2012, St. Thomas completed the final stage of its three-building expansion on the St. Paul campus. The two main additions that were completed are the Anderson Athletic and Recreation Center (AARC) and the Anderson Student Center. These projects were completed in the summer of 2010 and January 2012, respectively. The Anderson Athletic and Recreation Center has a field house, basketball arena, weight room, and swimming pool. The track in the field house is home to the most dominant track team in the MIAC conference. Other St. Thomas sports that use the AARC's facilities have also had recent success, including a playoff run for the football team, and a national championship for the men's basketball team. The new Anderson Student Center is home to new food venues, as well as entertainment options, including a game room and bowling alley, and a coffee shop. An art gallery on the second floor is home to the American Museum of Asmat Art.

St Thomas' newest dormitories, Frey Residence Hall and Tommie North Residence Hall, opened on north campus in 2020. Frey Residence Hall is a 5-story facility which houses 260 second-year and transfer students. Tommie North is also a 5-story facility, houses 480 residents and has a 116-stall underground parking ramp. It is connected to the Iverson Center for Faith and Ireland Hall via tunnel and sits on the site of the former John Paul II dormitory.

In 2021, St. Thomas moved forward with plans for a new $100 million building on South Campus called Schoenecker Center. The 130,000 square foot facility is scheduled to open in 2024 and will focus on STEAM fields. The 126-year-old Loras Hall, most recently used as an administrative building, was demolished to make way for Schoenecker Center.

In 2023, the university announced plans for a $175 million on-campus indoor arena known as Lee and Penny Anderson Arena. The 6,000-seat arena is planned to be the home of the basketball and hockey teams in addition to hosting other events such as commencement. Cretin Hall, McCarthy Gymnasium and the Service Center are to be demolished to make way for the arena.

Minneapolis

In fall 1992, the university opened a permanent  campus at 1000 LaSalle Ave. in Minneapolis. The first building, named Terrence Murphy Hall in May 2000, is headquarters to the university's Opus College of Business. Artist Mark Balma created one of the largest frescoes in the United States on the arched ceiling of its atrium. The seven-panel,  fresco was completed in the summer of 1994 and portrays the seven virtues discussed in the writings of St. Thomas Aquinas. The Minneapolis campus also holds St. Thomas' School of Education, the School of Law, and Schulze School of Entrepreneurship.

Daniel C. Gainey Conference Center (Owatonna)
As announced on May 15, 2014, the Daniel C. Gainey Conference Center was to be sold to Meridian Behavioral Health, LLC, with a plan to convert it to a treatment facility for addiction and behavioral disorders.  The deal closed in August 2014.
The deal included the entire 180-acre property and all the buildings except for the Winton Guest House, which was designed by architect Frank Gehry. St. Thomas then sold the house at auction and it was moved from the site.

Bernardi (Rome)
Since 1999, the University of St. Thomas has been the only university in the United States to have a formal affiliation with the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum).

Academics
Each year, the university awards almost 2,500 degrees, including five different bachelor's degrees (B.A., B.M., B.S., B.S.M.E. and B.S.E.E.). It has 88 major fields at the undergraduate level, with 59 minor fields of study and seven preprofessional programs. At the graduate and professional level, the university offers 41 master's degrees, 2 education specialist degree, 1 juris doctor, and 5 doctorates.

Schools and colleges

The university offers its degree programs through nine divisions. The College of Arts and Sciences includes undergraduate departments in the arts, humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences, plus a number of interdisciplinary programs. The Opus College of Business has seven departments offering graduate and undergraduate curricula including Executive Education and Professional Development at University of St. Thomas, and is one of six AACSB accredited business schools in Minnesota. St. Thomas also houses the Saint Paul Seminary School of Divinity, which offers master's- and doctoral-level degrees oriented to theological study and the practice of ministry. Saint John Vianney Seminary, a minor college seminary, is also at St. Thomas. Other schools include the School of Education, the School of Engineering, and the School of Social Work. The Master of Social Work is offered as a double degree program with the St. Catherine University.

Schools housed on the Minneapolis campus include the Graduate School of Professional Psychology, Undergraduate and Graduate Schools of Education, Graduate Programs in Software Engineering, and the School of Law, which was re-opened in 1999 after a 66-year hiatus.

The University of St. Thomas is a member of the Associated Colleges of the Twin Cities (ACTC), a consortium of five private liberal arts colleges. This program allows students to take classes at one of the associated colleges for no additional cost. Other schools include Hamline University, St. Catherine University, Macalester College, and Augsburg University.

In the Princeton Review 2023 rankings for best undergraduate entrepreneurship programs the St. Thomas Schulze School of Entrepreneurship was ranked 18th in the country.

Athletics

St. Thomas's school colors are purple and gray, and the athletic teams are called the Tommies. The mascot for these teams is "Tommie". "Tommy" was changed to the "ie" spelling when women were accepted as full-time students, to be more inclusive.

For most of its athletic history, St. Thomas was a member of the Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (MIAC), which performs at the NCAA Division III level. Since 1885, athletics have been present on St. Thomas' campus. The first sports teams that became popular were intramural. The top intramural baseball teams in the 1890s were the "Blues" and "Grays", which is where the school colors come from. Varsity sports did not begin until 1904, and UST was a founding member of the MIAC in 1920. St. Thomas celebrated its 100th year of varsity athletics in 2003–2004.

St. Thomas' longtime archrival was Saint John's University from Collegeville, Minnesota. Recent national titles include men's basketball in 2011 and 2016; men's baseball in 2009 and 2001; women's softball in 2005 and 2004; men's lacrosse (MCLA Division II) in 2019, 2016, 2013, 2012, 2010 and 2009; women's volleyball in 2012; and dance team in 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2008 and 2006. St. Thomas also won national championships with women's basketball in 1991; men's cross country in 1986 and 1984; men's indoor track in 1985; and women's cross country in 1987, 1986, 1984 and 1982.  In 2012, St. Thomas played for the first time in the Stagg Bowl in Salem, Virginia, which is the Division III Football National Championship game, against the University of Mount Union, losing 28-10. In 2015, St. Thomas reached the Stagg Bowl for the second time, prompting another championship match against Mount Union. St. Thomas ultimately ended up losing the game, with a final score of 49-35.

WCCO has broadcast radio coverage of Tommies football games since 2011.

On May 22, 2019 it was announced that St. Thomas was "involuntarily removed" from the MIAC. St. Thomas was to have been allowed to remain as a member of the conference until the spring of 2021 while they searched for a new conference had that become necessary but would be allowed to leave at an earlier date should a new conference accept them prior to spring 2021 or should they have decided to become an independent. On October 4, 2019, St. Thomas announced that it had been invited to the Summit League, an NCAA Division I conference. This announcement also noted that St. Thomas had applied for a waiver from the NCAA to move directly from Division III to Division I beginning with the 2021-22 season. While the process of transitioning from Division III to Division I normally takes 12 years and requires transitioning through Division II, on July 15, 2020, the NCAA announced they had approved St. Thomas's application to move directly to Division I. As the Summit League does not sponsor football or ice hockey, St. Thomas joined the Pioneer Football League for football, the CCHA for men's hockey and the WCHA for women's hockey.

Student life

Student housing

Undergraduate housing is found on the St. Paul Campus. Approximately 2,400 residents live in 10 traditional halls and apartments. Additionally, St. John Vianney College Seminary holds approximately 140 students. All but one (Murrary Herrick) traditional halls are single-sex, while apartment residences are co-ed by floor. Residence halls on campus are named after Archbishops of St. Paul-Minneapolis, such as William O. Brady, Austin Dowling, and John Ireland. The all-female traditional hall of John Paul II is named after the former Pope. Built in 1894, Cretin Hall is the oldest hall on campus and was designed (along with Loras and Grace halls) by Emmanuel Louis Masqueray.

Recently the department of residence life has purchased additional buildings on what they are calling 'mid-campus' in the area between Grand and Summit Avenues. These buildings house men and women transfer students in one of two buildings, separated by gender. There are two apartment complexes that are specifically designed for sophomores. Students are also housed in the residence above the Child Development Center, a day-care facility on campus.

The University of St. Thomas offers special interest floors, or floors that are intended to house specific residents with similar interests or class standing. Almost one-third of all floors are First Year Experience floors, which consist of only freshmen. This practice attempts to create a cohesive community by placing students together who will have a similar experience. First year students have the opportunity to participate in Living Learning Communities (LLCs). These include Sustainability, Aquinas Scholars, Tommies Do Well(ness), Pathways to Engineering, COJO MOJO, Bridging Divides, Catholic Studies, Major Explorers, and Business for the Common Good.

Controversy

Desmond Tutu
In 2007, the president of the University of St. Thomas, Father Dennis Dease, cancelled a planned speech by Nobel Peace Prize laureate and anti-apartheid figure, Desmond Tutu, on the grounds that his presence might offend some members of the local Jewish community. Many faculty members of Voice for Peace led an email campaign calling on St. Thomas to reconsider its decision, which the president did and invited Tutu to campus. Tutu declined the re-invitation, speaking instead at the Minneapolis Convention Center at an event hosted by Metropolitan State University. However, he addressed the issue two days later while making his final appearance at Metro State.

Demolition of Foley Theater
In 2008, plans were announced to the public that the theater department at the University of St. Thomas was to be dissolved and that the school would no longer offer this major. Declining numbers of theater majors was publicly cited as the reason. However, during this same time, plans were underway to make space for a new student center to be named after the Anderson family, then the largest single donors to a single private institution in United States history. Despite protests from senior faculty and students, the decision was made to demolish the theater and dissolve the department the same semester; though, according to the Dean of St. Thomas's College of Arts and Sciences, Marisa Kelly, the two decisions were "completely unrelated".

Notable faculty and staff

John Abraham – professor in the School of Engineering
Michael Murphy Andregg – geneticist and peace activist
Archbishop William Brady
Don J. Briel – Professor of Catholic Studies
Glenn Caruso – head football coach
Bishop Andrew H. Cozzens – Professor of Divinity
Robert Delahunty – internationally recognized professor of law
David Durenberger – U.S. Senator from Minnesota
Massimo Faggioli – theology professor
Father Michael Joncas - professor of Catholic Studies
Ellen J. Kennedy – genocide scholar
John Jeremiah Lawler – Professor of Divinity
Nekima Levy-Pounds – President of the Minneapolis NAACP
Whitney MacMillan – former Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Cargill
Eugene McCarthy – U.S. Senator and Representative
Eoin McKiernan – early scholar in Irish Studies
Harry Mehre – football and basketball coach
Thomas Mengler – Dean of the School of Law
Larry Miggins – baseball coach
Leslie Adrienne Miller – poet
Charles Morerod – Director of the Rome Program in Catholic Studies
Rachel Paulose – Visiting Professor of Law
Mary Rose O'Reilley – poet
Mark Osler – Professor of Law
Bishop Lee A. Piché – theology
David Renz – Professor of Public Policy
John A. Ryan – moral theologian
Patrick J. Schiltz – U.S. federal judge
Katarina Schuth – Professor for the Social Scientific Study of Religion

Brandon Staley - Head Coach of the Los Angeles Chargers
David Strom – Professor of Political Philosophy
Peter Vaill – Professor of Management
Robert Vischer – Dean of the School of Law

Notable alumni

Academia and education
Tim Callahan – geologist
Dennis Dease – former President of the University of St. Thomas
Richard DeMillo – computer scientist
Mark Dienhart – educator
Tom Dooher – president of Education Minnesota
Abraham Kaplan – philosopher
Rick Krueger – educator
Stephen A. McCarthy – director of the Cornell University libraries
John A. Ryan – theologian
Edward J. Walsh – journalist

Arts and entertainment
Felix Biederman – writer, gamer, co-host of Chapo Trap House
Larry Bond – game designer and author
Dottie Cannon – Miss Minnesota USA 2006
Vince Flynn – author
T. R. Knight – actor
Glenn Lindgren – TV chef and food writer
Thomas Melchior – author
T.D. Mischke – radio talk show host
Evan Schwartz – author
Ali Selim – film director
Joe Soucheray – radio talk show host
John Vachon – photographer

Athletics
Adrian Baril – professional football player
Brady Beeson – professional football player
Jim Brandt – professional football player
Herb Franta – professional football player
Courtney George – professional curler
Tommy Gibbons – Hall of Fame boxer, sheriff of Ramsey County, Minnesota 1934–1959
Neal Guggemos – professional football player
Red Hardy – professional baseball player
Walt Kiesling – professional football player and coach, member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame
John Kundla – first coach for the Minneapolis Lakers
Horace LaBissoniere – professional football player
Jake Mauer – professional baseball player and coach
Chuck Reichow – professional football player
Isaac Rosefelt – American-Israeli basketball player
Don Simensen – football player
Larry Steinbach – football player
Roy Vassau – professional football player
Joe Warren – professional soccer player

Business and leadership
Ben Anderson – entrepreneur
Robert Buss – managing director, Disciplined Growth Investors
Jack Casey – business professional
Ron Fowler – owner, San Diego Padres
John Schneider – general manager of the Seattle Seahawks
Bob Short – businessman, sport teams owner and politician
Ann Winblad – venture capitalist

Law, politics, government, and military
Semhar Araia – social activist
James N. Azim, Jr. – Wisconsin State Assemblyman
Mike Beard – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
William V. Belanger, Jr. – Minnesota State Senator
Michelle Benson – Minnesota State Senator
David H. Bieter – mayor of Boise, Idaho
John E. Boland – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Stephen F. Burkard – attorney
Michael Ciresi – attorney
Ted Daley – Minnesota State Senator
Gary DeCramer – Minnesota State Senator
Terry Dempsey – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Joe Dunn – California State Senator
Sondra Erickson – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Peter Fischer – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Burke Harr – Nebraska State Senator
John Harrington – chief of metro transit police in Minneapolis/St. Paul
Brian H. Hook – former Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs
Paul Kohls – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Charles B. Kornmann – United States federal judge
Arthur Lenroot, Jr. – Wisconsin State Senator
Patrick Lucey – Governor of Wisconsin
Erin Maye Quade – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Mike McFadden – 2014 Republican candidate for U.S. Senate from Minnesota
Pam Myhra – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Jim Oberstar – former U.S. Congressman
James Hugh O'Neill – brigadier general, U.S. Army
Cindy Pugh – member, Minnesota House of Representatives
Patrick J. Ryan – chief of chaplains of the U.S. Army
Henry Timothy ("Tim") Vakoc – first U.S. military chaplain to die from wounds received in the Iraq War
Conrado Vega – Minnesota State Senator
D.D. Wozniak – former chief judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals

Religion
 Bishop Joseph John Annabring
 William Henry Bullock
 James Joseph Byrne – Archdiocese of Dubuque
 Bishop Frederick F. Campbell
 Archbishop. Robert J. Carlson – Archdiocese of St. Louis
 Bishop Peter F. Christensen
 Bishop Leonard Philip Cowley
 Archbishop Blase J. Cardinal Cupich – Archdiocese of Chicago
 John Francis Doerfler
 Paul Vincent Dudley
 Archbishop Paul D. Etienne
 Lawrence Alexander Glenn
 David Haas
 Hilary Baumann Hacker
 Lambert Anthony Hoch
 Edward Howard
 James Keane
 Francis Martin Kelly
 Bishop Arthur Kennedy
 Bishop John Francis Kinney
 Louis Benedict Kucera
 Raymond W. Lessard
 Bishop John M. LeVoir
 Raymond Alphonse Lucker
 Bishop Lawrence James McNamara
 John Jeremiah McRaith
 William Theodore Mulloy
 Gerald Francis O'Keefe
 Bishop Richard Pates
 Bishop Lee A. Piché
 Archbishop John Roach – Archdiocese of St. Paul and Minneapolis
 Archbishop Alexander King Sample – Archdiocese of Portland
 Francis Joseph Schenk
 Alphonse James Schladweiler
 Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen – titular see of Newport, Wales
 George Henry Speltz
 Rose Thering – social activist
 Sylvester William Treinen
 Nicolas Eugene Walsh
 Thomas Anthony Welch
 Stephen S. Woznicki

Other
Dan Buettner – explorer, educator, author
Daerek "LemonNation" Hart – professional League of Legends player
Hussein Samatar – politician, banker, and community organizer
Will Steger – polar explorer

See also

 List of colleges and universities in Minnesota
 Higher education in Minnesota

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

Official website
Official athletics website

Saint Thomas, University of
Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities
Universities and colleges in Minneapolis
Universities and colleges in Saint Paul, Minnesota
1885 establishments in Minnesota
Catholic universities and colleges in Minnesota
Liberal arts colleges in Minnesota

University of St. Thomas (Minnesota)


Arheološko nalazište i crkva sv. Martina, zaštićeno kulturno dobro u Podstrani

Opis dobra
Vrijeme nastanka: 1. st. do 19. st. U Podstrani na pješčanom rtu nalazi se sklop koji se sastoji od spomenika različitih razdoblja. Vidljivi su ulomci antičkih nadgrobnih spomenika datiranih u 1. st. U okolno ziđe terase uzidani su kameni blokovi srušene Villae rustice od koje su se sačuvali ulomci stupova i mlina za ulje ili vino, a koji se nalaze uzidani u današnje groblje. U grobištu je uzidana i rimska stela na koju su pri sekundarnoj upotrebi ukovani željezni prsteni. U srednjem vijeku je izgrađena crkvica sv. Martina koja se spominje u povijesnim izvorima i po kojoj je ovaj lokalitet i dobio ime. Na temeljima srednjovjekovne crkve u drugoj polovici 19. st. sagrađena je današnja crkva.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-7152 zavedeno je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "arheološka baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene kopnene arheološke zone i nalazišta u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Podstrana
Katoličke crkve u Hrvatskoj
Podstrana

Arheološko nalazište i crkva sv. Martina u Podstrani