The Renault Trafic (pronounced as "traffic") is a light commercial van produced by the French automaker Renault since 1980. It has also been marketed as the Fiat Talento, the Nissan NV300, the Nissan Primastar and the Mitsubishi Express. Until 2018, it was also sold as the Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro (briefly sold as the Opel/Vauxhall Arena earlier) by Opel and its associated company Vauxhall. From early 2022 onwards, the van is marketed by Renault Trucks as the Renault Trucks Trafic.

Previous versions of the Renault Trafic have been sold under Inokom, Chevrolet and Tata badges.

The third generation Vauxhall Vivaro was produced in GM Manufacturing Luton plant starting in 2014. However, following the takeover of Opel/Vauxhall by Groupe PSA, the Trafic-based Vivaro went out of production in 2018, and was replaced by the next generation Vivaro based on the Citroën Jumpy EMP2 Platform for the 2019 model year.

First generation (1980)

The original Renault Trafic was sold from 1980 to 2001 and was somewhat revised and updated during its lifetime.

Originally, the van had some variations in the front end shape depending on which engine was fitted, with the original 1397 cc motor fitting behind a flat grille, and the 2.1-litre diesel engine and larger 1647 cc petrol engines requiring an extended plastic grille and deeper bumper.

The 1721 cc OHC engine replaced the 1647 cc OHV unit in the mid 1980s, which fitted under the shorter grille, but required a small lump in the bonnet. The diesel and 2.2-litre petrol carried on with the extended grille.

In the end of 1984, a four-wheel drive version was introduced. This was a part time system coupled with the diesel engine and a five speed manual transmission. This model operated as a front wheel drive until the rear wheels were engaged with a dog clutch, a system similar to the one used by Renault on the R18 4x4.

In May 1989, the Trafic underwent a major front end facelift, with a rounder shape and a plastic bumper, and the new longer body shape covering all varieties of engine. In 1995, the Mk1 Trafic got its final facelift, with a new grille, new tail lights, large double rear view mirrors, and a new interior with a modern dashboard and multi adjustable seats.

Winnebago
The chassis and cab of the 1980s models were used as the base vehicle by Winnebago Industries to build the Winnebago 'LeSharo' from 1983, and Itasca Phasar.

For the chassis and cab version to meet safety and emission requirements in the United States, this version was sold with Renault's J7T  gasoline engine, and 2.1-litre diesel and turbo diesel engines, coded as J8S and shared with the 1985 to 1987 AMC/Jeep Cherokee/Commanche.

Jeep versions used the Garrett T2 turbocharger while Winnebagos received the larger T3 type. CARB granted a series of yearly waivers to Winnebago for non compliance in omitting On Board Diagnostics (OBD I), these waivers remained in effect throughout the model run from 1983 to 1992.

Campervan Variants
The Mk1 Trafic became popular for professional conversion into budget family motorhomes due to the flexibility of the design and the generous internal space for what was a relatively small van. Popular converters were Auto Sleepers and Holdsworth (now defunct). Other motorhome builders using the Trafic Mk1 as a base include Hymer, Elddis, Eriba, and Autostar.

Opel Arena

From 1997 to 2001, the Renault Trafic was marketed as the Opel Arena in Germany and as the Vauxhall Arena in the United Kingdom. Nick Reilly, Vauxhall's chairman and managing director commented that the Arena was the first time the company had a total commercial range ever since the days of the old Bedford CF that ended production in 1986.

Tata Winger

In June 2007, Tata Motors announced the introduction of the Winger, a panel van and minibus based on the 1995 to 2001 version of the Renault Trafic, but fitted with Tata's own two litre diesel engines, with or without turbo.

Inokom Permas
The Inokom Permas was launched in Malaysia in 1998. Production of the van was at Kulim District.

South America
For South America, the vehicle was made in the Renault Argentina facility at Santa Isabel, Córdoba. In Brazil, it was badged as Chevrolet Trafic and later as the Renault Trafic or Chevrolet SpaceVan. A pickup version was sold as the Renault Trafic Rodeo. Production ended in 2002.

Gallery

Second generation (X83; 2000)

The second Trafic resulted from a joint venture between German Opel, Japanese Nissan, and French Renault. It is also sold as an Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro and Nissan Primastar.

Designed by Renault's corporate design department based within the company's Technocentre outside Paris, the Trafic was developed by the engineering team of Renault's light commercial vehicle unit at Villiers-Saint-Frédéric. Manufactured by GM Manufacturing Luton at its plant in Luton — beside Primastar and the Vivaro — the Trafic was the first Renault vehicle to be built in the United Kingdom in more than thirty years.

In an agreement between Renault and Nissan, versions of the van are also manufactured at Nissan's plant in Barcelona, Spain. In particular, high roof versions for Vauxhall, Renault, and Nissan are made in Barcelona because the Luton assembly plant has a low roof which cannot accommodate the extra height of the high roof.

The van exists in several versions, from a three seater with all the rear space available for loads, to a nine seater. Its name is based on the French word for "trade" or "traffic" (depending on the context). The van was designed by Renault in Paris, and both Renault and Opel versions are manufactured by Opel at their plant in Luton. In 2012, production of the Vauxhall Vivaro totalled 36,982 and 16,483 for the Renault Trafic.

A mild facelift in October 2006 had the orange indicators swapped for clear ones, which were more integrated into the headlamp housings. On the Opel model, the indicators moved from the front bumpers, up into the headlamp housings, thus looking more similar to the Renault. Production ended in June 2015.

Gallery

Nissan Primastar
The Nissan Primastar was also launched in 2001, and is available in panel van, combi, bus, and chassis cab configurations. Two wheelbases and two roof heights are available, as well as three diesel engines and a petrol. In the end of 2014, the last Primastar rolled off the production line. It was replaced by the NV300 in September 2016.

Gallery

Opel Vivaro A
The Opel Vivaro from the German automaker Opel was launched in September 2001. While the Vivaro is sold as an Opel in most European markets, in the United Kingdom it was sold as a Vauxhall. The Vivaro is primarily manufactured at GM Manufacturing Luton (previously IBC) in Luton, England and by Nissan at their Zona Franca (Barcelona) facility in Spain.

The Vivaro is available in panel van, minibus, combined bus/van, and platform crew cab configurations. Two different wheelbase styles, and two roof height options are also available, as well as three diesel engine power options and a petrol engine.

The vehicle was given a mild facelift in 2006, during which the front indicators were moved from the front bumper, up into the headlight housing and only a 2.0 L four cylinder diesel engine is available in two states of tune; a  or  mated to a six speed manual or optional automatic transmission.

The Vivaro e Concept debuted September 2010 at the IAA Commercial Vehicle Show in Hanover, Germany. It is plug in hybrid vehicle, with an extended range up to  and includes 21 kWh lithium ion batteries enabling over  of pure electric driving range.

Gallery

Engines

Third generation (X82; 2014)

Renault released a new generation Trafic in September 2014. It was again rebadged and sold as the Opel Vivaro in Europe and Vauxhall Vivaro in the UK. Styling was updated for the 2019 model year and again for model year 2021.

Two lower power variants (90 PS and 120 PS) use a variable geometry turbocharger, while the highest output (140 PS) variant employs a twin turbocharger arrangement; other features include variable output water and oil pumps and a maintenance free timing chain.

Rebadged variants
Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro variants for the United Kingdom and mainland Europe were manufactured at GM Manufacturing Luton, except for the high roof variants, which were manufactured at Sandouville. The new Vivaro dropped the previous larger capacity diesel engines, in favour of a 1.6 Energy dCi (Renault)/CDTI (Opel) engine. From 2016, Vauxhall Vivaro models gained a Made In Britain badge at the rear. The Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro went out of production in 2018, when Opel/Vauxhall was acquired by Groupe PSA; it was replaced by a new generation Vivaro which was a rebadged Citroën Jumpy for the model year of 2019.

Renault–Nissan Alliance partner Nissan sold a rebadged Trafic II (X83) as the Primastar. The Primastar was renamed to the NV300 for 2016 and moved to the Trafic III (X82). The light commercial vehicle variant of the NV300 reverted to using the Primastar nameplate in 2021.

In July 2016, Fiat introduced a rebadged Trafic, called Talento to replace its Scudo, which had been a rebadged Citroën Jumpy. In October 2019, the vans were given a facelift which introduced a new 2.0-litre EcoJet diesel engine which is 11 percent more fuel efficient than the older 1.6 litre and variable-geometry turbocharger for smoother engine performance at low speeds. Small exterior changes include revised front bumper and black plastic wing mirrors instead of painted ones. Interior received a updated steering wheel, textured crash pads on the dashboard, new choice of interior trims and 7-inch touchscreen infotainment system with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto supported. In October 2020, Renault announced it would stop supplying Talentos to Fiat, as Fiat Chrysler had declared plans to merge with Renault's rival Groupe PSA to form Stellantis. The Talento was replaced by a new Scudo/Ulysses, which was again a rebadged Jumpy.

In 2020, the Trafic was rebadged and introduced as the third-generation Mitsubishi Express for Australia, and as a replacement for the former L300 in the New Zealand market.
It was discontinued two years later. The existing Renault Trafic has also been sold in these markets since 2014.

In January 2022, Renault Trucks announced that it would start to sell Trafics on its dealerships using the Renault Trucks badging.

Models

Trafic Formula Edition

Launched in 2018, the Formula Edition was available on the Trafic alongside the Kangoo and Master, and featured a new paint and wheels, plus black and yellow trim.

Trafic X-Track
Launched in 2016, the Trafic X-Track is a front-wheel drive offroad version of the Trafic.

Trafic E-Tech

The 100% electric Trafic was officially presented at the 2022 IAA. It is equipped with a  electric traction motor drawing from the same 52 kW-hr battery as the larger electric Master E-Tech, giving a WLTP range of . The van can accept charging power of up to 7 kW (single-phase AC) or 22 kW (three-phase AC), and a fast-charging option (50 kW DC) is available. A passenger van variant may be based on the Hippie Caviar Hotel concept shown in 2021.

Gallery

Engines

Dimensions

Notes

References

External links

 Renault Trafic official website
 The original Renault Trafic as a camper van (includes a photo of the original Trafic, pre-facelift)
 Opel Vivaro official website

Trafic
Vans
Minibuses
Road vehicles manufactured in the United Kingdom
Vehicles introduced in 1980

Renault Trafic


Biltong er navnet på en form for tørret kød, der oprindeligt stammer fra det sydlige Afrika. Det fremstilles ved at kød skæres i tynde skiver, krydres og tørres. Derved konserveres det. Det var en nødvendighed, før frysning og konserves fandtes. Der findes talrige eksempler i verden på, at tørring forhindrede, at kød blev fordærvet.

Biltong er stadig en populær snack i Sydafrika, hvor det sælges i de fleste supermarkeder og  specialbutikker. Biltong har også fundet vej til mange andre dele af verden, om end det ikke er lige så udbredt som det amerikanske jerky.

Oprindelse
Khoisan-folket i det sydlige Afrika lavede allerede tørret kød af vildtet, før europæerne ankom. Men det var nybyggerne, boere, og deres slaver, som videreudviklede teknikken ved at behandle kødet med eddike, salt, sukker, koriander og andre krydderier inden lufttørringen. Det langtidsholdbare biltong var ideelt som proviant til de skibe, der lagde vejen forbi Kapkolonien på rejsen mellem Europa og Østen. Biltong blev også brugt som proviant af de misfornøjede boere, som i 1830'erne og 1840'erne forlod Kapkolonien på deres Great Trek mod nordøst længere ind i landet.

Selve navnet biltong kommer af de afrikaanse (hollandske) ord 'bil' (rumpe) og 'tong' (tunge).

Ingredienser
Biltong fremstilles af mange typer kød og udskæringer. Der bruges dog oftest oksekød, da det er billigere end vildt. Traditionel biltong laves også af vildt i Sydafrika såsom impala, kudu, springbuk og struds.
De mest almindelige krydderier er peber, koriander og nellike.

Forskellen på biltong og jerky
 I modsætning til jerky, der fremstilles ved lav varme i en dehydrator eller i et røgeri, tørres biltong traditionelt kun ved luft.
 Jerky er typisk marineret eller røget. Biltong krydres kun.
 Biltong laves i større stykker end jerky.

Referencer

Kød
Konservering af madvarer
Sydafrika

Biltong


Togulykken i Varde fandt sted den 19. juni 2018. Et hurtigtkørende Lint 41-togsæt fra Arriva kørte med 120 km/t ind i en minibus lidt nord for landsbyen Sig, på vej til Tistrup. Bussen krydsede en usikret jernbaneoverskæring. I bussen sad to mennesker, som døde på stedet. Toget blev 45 % skadet, og forenden skulle have en hel ny forendekasse. Ingen i toget kom til skade, undtagen én, som blev behandlet for hold i nakken.

Referencer

Varde
Begivenheder i 2018

Togulykken ved Sig 2018


Mazlum Çimen (d. 18 Haziran 1958, Kahramanmaraş), Türk besteci, keman sanatçısı, balet ve oyuncu.

İstanbul Devlet Konservatuvarı'nın bale bölümünden mezun olmuş; İstanbul Devlet Opera ve Balesi'nde balet olarak görev yapmıştır. Halk müziği sanatçısı Nesimi Çimen'in oğlu olan sanatçı müzik çalışmalarına derlemeler yaparak başladı. Film, dizi, belgesel müzikleri ve  Türk halk müziği albümleri ile tanınır.

Yaşamı
18 Haziran 1958'de Elbistan'ın Sevdilli köyünde doğdu. Babası Adana'nın Fatmakuyu köyünden Nesimi Çimen, annesi Tunceli'nin Karabali aşiretinden Dilber Hanım'dır. Çiftin tek çocuğudur. Çocukluğunda Adana'nın Kadirli ilçesine yerleşen ve kalaycılık, ırgatlık ve tarımla uğraşan babasına yardım etti. Babasının fabrika işçisi olarak İstanbul'a gitmesinin ardından tüm ailesi İstanbul'a taşındı.  Bağlama çalıp Alevi deyişleri söyleyen babası Nesimi Çimen Türkiye İşçi Partisi'ne girdi ve bir halk ozanı olarak tanındı. 68 kuşağının önde gelen isimleri ve Can Yücel, Yılmaz Güney, Abidin Dino, Fakir Baykurt, İlhan Selçuk gibi edebiyatçı ve sanatçıların olduğu bir çevrede büyüdü.

İlkokulu bitirdikten sonra İstanbul Devlet Konservatuvarı'nın keman bölümüne girdi. Dört yıl keman eğitiminin ardından aynı okulun bale bölümüne geçti. Bu bölümden 1980-1981 döneminde mezun oldu. Aynı yıl İstanbul Devlet Opera ve Balesi'nde bale sanatçısı olarak görev aldı; pek çok klasik eserde rol aldı. Bir yandan da müzikle ilgilenen sanatçı, babasıyla köylerde derleme çalışmalarına katıldı, pek çok albümde bağlama çaldı.

Oğlu piyanist Saki Çimen 1983 yılında dünyaya geldi.

Türk halk müziği ses sanatçısı Yasemin Göksu ile evlendi.  Çift, 1997'de boşandı.

1989'da Diyarbakır Devlet Tiyatrosu'nda sahnelenen "Yunus Emre" oyununun müziğini besteledi. Bu bestenin başarısından sonra film müzikleri yapmaya başladı ve bu alanda ödüller aldı.

1991 yılında Levent Güner ile birlikte "Eski Bir Sevda" adlı albümü çıkardıktan sonra kendi bestelerini seslendirdiği yeni albümler yaptı.

1993 yılında Sivas Katliamı'nda babası Nesimi Çimen öldürüldü. "Sen Benden Gittin Gideli" şarkısının babası için yazdı.

Eserleri

Film müzikleri
 Umut (2009)
 Nokta (2008)
 Oyun (2005)
 Martılar Açken (2002)
 Gönlümdeki Köşk Olmasa (2002)
 Büyük Adam Küçük Aşk (2002)
 Işıklar Sönmesin (1995)
 Hollywood Kaçakları (1995)
 Soğuk Geceler (1994)
 Gelincik Tarlası (1993)
 Mem û Zîn (1991)
 Aysarı'nın Zilleri
 Nazım Hikmet Belgeseli
 68'den 6 Mayıs'a

Dizi müzikleri
 Berivan (2002)
 Gelin (2003)
 Şıh Senem (2003)
 Hacı (2006)
 Kara Duvak (2007)
 Hanımın Çiftliği (2009)
 Dila Hanım (2012)
 Kötü Yol (2012)
 Çukur (2021, tek bölüm)

Albümleri
 Eski Bir Sevda (Levent Güner ile birlikte), (1991)
 Mem û Zîn, Kalan Müzik (1992)
 Çimen Türküleri, Ada Müzik (1995)
 Çimen Sesleri, Ada Müzik (2001)
 Feryadı İsyanım, Ada Müzik (2002)
 Buluşmalar, Kalan Müzik (2006)

Filmografisi
 Hababam Sınıfı Güle Güle
 Yahşi Batı
 Umut
 Elveda Rumeli
 Anlat İstanbul (2004) - Şehmuz
 Gönlümdeki Köşk Olmasa (2002) - Ali
 Hoşçakal Yarın (1998) - Yusuf Arslan
 Manda Yuvası (2014)
 Şevkat Yerimdar (2017) - Bozkır
 Üç Kuruş (2022) - Haydar
 Hava Muhalefeti (2023)

Ödülleri
 2008 Adana Altın Koza Film Festivali, En İyi Müzik Ödülü, Nokta
 2008 Antalya Altın Portakal Film Festivali, En İyi Müzik Ödülü, Nokta
 2002 Antalya Altın Portakal Film Festivali, En İyi Müzik Ödülü, Gönlümdeki Köşk Olmasa
 9. Ankara Uluslararası Film Festivali, En İyi Özgün Müzik Ödülü, Işıklar Sönmesin
 1995 Antalya Altın Portakal Film Festivali, En İyi Müzik Ödülü, Soğuk Geceler
 1995 Adana Altın Koza Film Festivali, En İyi Müzik Ödülü, Soğuk Geceler
 Almanya Genç Akademisyenler Ödülü, Mem û Zin
 İsviçre Halk Jürisi Özendirme Ödülü

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Mazlum Çimen Resmi Websitesi
 IMDb sayfası
 SinemaTürk sayfası

1958 doğumlular
Türk balerin ve baletleri
20. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
21. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
Türk kemancılar
Yaşayan insanlar
Türk film müziği bestecileri
Ada Müzik sanatçıları
Ankara Uluslararası Film Festivali Ödülü sahibi müzisyenler
Altın Portakal En iyi Müzik Ödülü sahipleri
Kahramanmaraş doğumlu müzisyenler
1990'ların şarkıcıları
2000'lerin şarkıcıları
2010'ların şarkıcıları
2020'lerin şarkıcıları

Mazlum Çimen


Măiastra este o serie de treizeci de sculpturi de păsări în bronz și în marmură realizate de Constantin Brâncuși între anii 1910-1918.

Măiastra este printre primele sculpturi ale lui Brâncuși în care acesta a folosit forma abstractă unei păsări. Lucrarea este inspirată de pasărea legendară a folclorului românesc Pasărea măiastră, o creatură mitică cunoscută pentru penajul de aur și cântecele fermecate. De asemenea, poate că Brâncuși a fost influențat și de baletul Pasărea de Foc cu muzica lui Igor Stravinski, bazat pe versiunea rusă a unei păsări mitice similare, care a avut premiera la Teatrul Național de Operă din Paris la 25 iunie 1910.

Versiuni
Au fost identificate și localizate opt versiuni ale Măiestrei: trei sunt din marmură și cinci din bronz.

Unele dintre aceste sculpturi se află în muzee de top ale lumii:
 Măiastra I realizată în 1910 se află la Museum of Modern Art din New York. Sculptura din marmură albă, înaltă de 55,9 cm, este așezată pe un piedestal de calcar înalt de 177,8 cm, format din trei piese din care cea din mijloc este o dublă cariatidă.
 Măiastra II este realizată în 1911 și se află din 1973 în galeria Tate Modern din Londra. Sculptura este din bronz și este așezată pe un soclu de calcar, împreună cu care are o înălțime de 90,5 cm.
 Măiastra III realizată în anul 1912 se află în prezent la . Sculptura este din bronz și este așezată pe un postament din marmură, împreună cu care are o înălțime de 73,1 cm.

Măiastra este o lucrare foarte apreciată a sculptorului atât cu privire la tema zborului, dar și pentru trimiterea pe care o face la locurile și vremurile natale.

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Brâncuși - Petru Comarnescu (editura Meridiane 1972)

Vezi și
 Lista sculpturilor lui Constantin Brâncuși

Legături externe

 Sit web oficial despre Brâncuși

Sculpturi de Constantin Brâncuși
Sculpturi din 1910
Sculpturi din 1911
Sculpturi din 1912

Măiastra


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Nandraž enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Nandraž im Okres Revúca.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Nandraz


Emirhan İlkhan, né le  à Istanbul (Turquie), est un footballeur turc évoluant au poste de milieu de terrain à İstanbul Başakşehir, en prêt du Torino FC.

Carrière

En club

Au Beşiktaş JK (2014-2022)
En 2014, Emirhan İlkhan est transféré du centre de formation du Florya 1923 Spor à celui du Beşiktaş JK.

Le , il fait ses débuts professionnels en remplaçant Kenan Karaman à la  du match de  que Beşiktaş remporte après une séance de tirs au but.

Le , il est titularisé pour son premier match de Süper Lig et donne momentanément l'avantage aux siens en marquant contre Rizespor. Il devient à cette occasion le plus jeune joueur (17 ans et 222 jours) de Beşiktaş à inscrire un but en championnat depuis Batuhan Karadeniz en 2008 (17 ans et 165 jours).

Au Torino FC (depuis 2022)
Le , il est transféré au Torino FC pour un montant de 4,5 millions d'euros.

À l'UC Sampdoria (2023)
Le , dernier jour du mercato hivernal, il est prêté gratuitement à l'UC Sampdoria pour le reste de la saison.

En sélection nationale
Emirhan İlkhan est un jeune international turc ayant notamment représenté les équipes  et  de la Turquie.

Statistiques

Statistiques détaillées

Palmarès

En club

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance à Istanbul
Naissance en juin 2004
Footballeur turc
Joueur du Beşiktaş JK
Joueur du Torino FC
Joueur de l'UC Sampdoria
Joueur de l'Istanbul Başakşehir

Emirhan İlkhan


Selimiye Muğla ilinin Milas ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir. Yaklaşık nüfusu 8000 olup Milas'a 16 km Muğla'ya 87 km Bodrum'a 70 km İzmir'e 180 km kadar uzaklıktadır. Selimiye'de yaşayan insanların çoğunluğu geçimini tarımdan sağlamaktadır. Başlıca diğer gelir kaynaklarının başında hayvancılık gelmektedir. Selimiye'de zeytincilik pamuk mısır ve bunun benzeri ürünler bol yetişmektedir. Küçük baş ve büyük baş hayvancılığa elverişli bir iklimi vardır. Selimiye'nin en büyük sorunlarının başında yağmursuz geçen kışlardan dolayı kapıya kadar gelen kuraklık ve orman yangınları gelmektedir. Selimiye'de bir ilk öğretim okulu ve bir lise vardır. Çevre köylerden ve Selimiye merkezden gelen yaklaşık 1500 öğrenci öğrenim hayatlarına buralarda devam etmektedir. Ayrıca Selimiye'de Euromos pek fazla bilinmese de Euromos tarihi çok güzel bir şekilde doğallığını bozmadan yansıtan bir şehirdir. Selimiye'nin yerel yemekleri Keşkek ve Çaykama'dır. Özellikle Çaykama Türkiye'de sadece Selimiye'de yapılır.

Milas'ın mahalleleri

Selimiye, Milas


Gérard Henri de Vaucouleurs (25 aprilie 1918, Paris, Franța – 7 octombrie 1995, Austin, Texas, Statele Unite ale Americii) a fost un astronom franco-american.

Biografie
Foarte tânăr, el s-a interesat de astronomie, fiind astronom amator, și a obținut licența la facultatea de științe din Paris, în 1939. A urmat mai târziu studii de astronomie, după ce a servit în armată în timpul celui de Al Doilea Război Mondial.

Vorbind curent engleza, în anii 1949-1951 a trecut în Anglia, apoi în Australia, din 1951 până în 1957, la Observatorul Mount Stromlo. În 1960 s-a angajat la Universitatea din Texas, la Austin (Statele Unite ale Americii), unde și-a derulat restul carierei.

A adăugat o a patra clasă a Secvenței Hubble, cât și profilul strălucire de suprafață al galaxiilor eliptice, Legea lui Vaucouleurs.

S-a specializat în studiul galaxiilor (galaxii Seyfert, Galaxia Pitică din Mașina Pneumatică, super-roiul local), și este coautor al Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (Al Treilea Catalog de Referință al Galaxiilor Strălucitoare).
American Astronomical Society i-a acordat premiul Henry Norris Russell Lectureship în 1988 și a primit, în același an, premiul Jules-Janssen.

Lucrări
 Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies: Volume 1, 1991 avec Antoinette de Vaucouleurs, Harold G.Jr. Corwin, Ronald J. Buta, Georges Paturel, Pascal Fouque
 Advanced Series in Astrophysics and Cosmology vol 4 - Gerard and Antoinette De Vaucouleurs: A Life for Astronomy, 1989 (World Scientific Publishing Company)

Articole publicate în reviste
 La conquête de l'énergie atomique - Actualités scientifiques et industrielles , Hermann & Cie - 1946
 La Planète Mars - Atomes - février 1948
 L'espace vide est-il un mythe? I. La matière interstellaire. - La Nature  - avril 1954
 L'espace vide est-il un mythe ? II. La matière intergalactique. - La Nature  - mai 1954
 Les nuages de Magellan - La Nature  - mai 1956 et  - juin 1956

Altele
 .

Distincții și recompense
1988: premiul Henry Norris Russell Lectureship
1988: Premiul Jules-Janssen

Note

Vezi și
Clasificarea Vaucouleurs

Astronomi francezi
Astronomi americani
Astronomi din secolul al XX-lea
Profesori ai Universității din Texas, la Austin
Laureați ai Premiului Jules-Janssen
Nașteri la Paris
Nașteri pe 28 aprilie
Nașteri în 1918
Decese pe 7 octombrie
Decese în 1995

Gérard de Vaucouleurs


نادي اتحاد ترينتو 1921  نادي كرة قدم إيطالي يلعب في دوري الدرجة الخامسة . تم تأسيس النادي في سنة 1921 .

مراجع

أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1921
ت
تأسيسات سنة 1921 في إيطاليا
ترينتو
أندية الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثالثة
أندية كرة قدم في ترينتينو

نادي ترينتو


The governor-general of Barbados was the representative of the Barbadian monarch from independence in 1966 until the establishment of a republic in 2021. Under the government's Table of Precedence for Barbados, the governor-general of Barbados was regarded as being the most important of all personnel of the Barbados government.

The office was established by Chapter IV of the 1966 Constitution of Barbados. The governor-general was appointed by the monarch on the advice of the prime minister of Barbados. The governor-general exercised the monarch's executive powers and gave assent to bills in the monarch's name, promulgating them as laws. The powers of the monarch and the governor-general were limited, and they, in most instances, exercised authority on the advice of the prime minister or other persons or bodies within Barbados.

The office of the governor-general was established when Barbados gained independence in 1966. Since then, Barbados had 8 governors-general. On 30 November 2021, Barbados became a republic and the office of governor-general was abolished.

Duties
The Barbadian monarch, on the advice of her Barbadian prime minister, appointed a governor-general to be her representative in Barbados. Both the monarch and the governor-general held much power in the country, though it was rarely used unilaterally; it was usually only used in such a way in emergencies and in some cases war.

The governor-general represented the monarch on ceremonial occasions such as the State Opening of Parliament and the presentation of honours and military parades. Under the constitution, the governor-general was given authority to act in some matters; for example, in appointing and disciplining officers of the civil service, granting "any person convicted of any offence against the laws of Barbados a pardon", and in proroguing parliament. However, in only a few cases was the governor-general empowered to act entirely on his/her own discretion, often requiring the countersignature of the prime minister to exercise their powers.

The governor-general of Barbados also chaired the Privy Council of Barbados.

List of governors-general of Barbados
Following is a list of people who served as governor-general of Barbados from independence in 1966 to the establishment of a republic in 2021.

Symbols
 Died in office.

Timeline

Official oath of office
According to the First Schedule section of the 1966 Constitution of Barbados, the official oath of office for the governor-general of Barbados was as follows:

Abolition

In September 2020, the government of Barbados announced that it planned to abolish the Barbadian monarchy and the position of the governor-general, and the Queen of Barbados to be replaced with a ceremonial president, akin to that of the president of Trinidad and Tobago. Incumbent governor-general Sandra Mason was elected president on 20 October 2021 and took office on 30 November 2021.

See also
Government House, the official residence of the governor-general
Order of Barbados
List of governors of Barbados
Governor-General of the West Indies Federation
List of prime ministers of Barbados

References

External links

 About Queen Elizabeth II and her role in Barbados - Royal.uk
 Governor General of Barbados, Our Nation, Government of Barbados

Barbados, List of Governors-General of

Monarchy of Barbados
Governors-General
1966 establishments in Barbados
2021 disestablishments in Barbados
Barbados and the Commonwealth of Nations

Governor-General of Barbados


An Bambusa ooh in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Elizabeth A. Widjaja ngan Astuti. An Bambusa ooh in nahilalakip ha genus nga Bambusa, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Bambusa

Bambusa ooh


.ug, Uganda için internet ülke kodu üst seviye alan adıdır. (CcTLD)

Uganda
ug
ug

.ug


A arte ciborgue, também conhecida como ciborguismo é um movimento artístico que começou em meados dos anos 2000 na Grã-Bretanha. Baseia-se na criação e adição de novos sentidos ao corpo através de implantes cibernéticos e na criação de obras de arte através de novos sentidos. As obras de arte ciborgues são criadas por artistas ciborgues; artistas cujos sentidos foram voluntariamente dilatados através de implantes cibernéticos.

Referências

Arte contemporânea
Subcultura
Modificação corporal

Arte ciborgue


Der EBU Circuit 2006/2007 war die 20. Auflage dieser europäischen Turnierserie im Badminton.

Die Wertungsturniere

Weblinks
 http://badminton.de/06-07-EBU-Circuit.927.0.html

Sportsaison 2006/07
2006

EBU Circuit 2006/07


Le congrès universel d'espéranto de 1957 est le  congrès universel d'espéranto, organisé en août 1957, à Marseille en France.

Contexte

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Articles connexes
 Congrès mondial d'espéranto

1957
Espéranto en France
Événement à Marseille
1957 en France
Août 1957

Congrès universel d'espéranto de 1957


Kool Smiles, PC es una cadena estadounidense de clínicas dentales para niños en Medicaid y otros programas dentales para gente necesitada. Kool Smiles, un organización con fines de lucro, tiene su sede en el Centro de Apoyo al Paciente Kool Smiles (Kool Smiles Patient Support Center) en Marietta, Georgia, en Gran Atlanta.

NCDR LLC, una filial de Friedman Fleischer & Lowe (EN), gestiona 130 clínicas de Kool Smiles. En el año de 2011, clínicas de Kool Smiles sirvieron dos millones de pacientes.

Historia
En 2002 Kool Smiles abrió su primera clínica en East Lake (EN), Atlanta, cerca de la Ciudad de Decatur, Georgia. Doug Brown, un ex-paramédico y un propietario de una empresa de ambulancias privadas, fundó la empresa con dos dentistas de Denver, Colorado. En 2004 Friedman Fleischer & Lowe (FLL) se ofreció a comprar la empresa. En 2008, tenía más de 40 clínicas en siete estados.

En 2010 Kool Smiles ganó $80 millones en ingresos antes de intereses, impuestos, depreciaciones y amortizaciones (EBITDA, "Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization"). Durante el año, Kool Smiles contrató Harris Williams & Co. (EN), un banco de inversión, porque Kool Smiles quiere ser vendida.

En 2012, Frontline (EN) emitió un reportaje negativo sobre que dice que Kool Smiles requiere el uso frecuente de coronas porque Medicaid paga mucho dinero para coronas. Kool Smiles criticó el reportaje.

Sede
En 2006, tenía su sede en Sala 440 del Edificio 400 del Atlanta Technology Center (EN, "Centro de Tecnología de Atlanta") en Atlanta. En 2007 tenía su sede en sala 800 del edificio 400 Galleria Pkwy en un área no incorporada en el Condado de Cobb.

Véase también
 All Smiles Dental Centers
 Small Smiles Dental Centers
 South Texas Dental
 Odontopediatría

Notas

Referencias

Lea también
 "WELLCARE ASSURES MEDICAID MEMBERS OF ACCESS TO QUALITY DENTISTS/DCH Statement Concerning Possible Class Action Lawsuit Regarding Medicaid Dental Services." () Wellcare of Georgia. (en inglés)
 "CIVIL ACTION FILE No. 4:07-cv-00167." (Declaration of Peter Clay) (en inglés)

Enlaces externos
 Kool Smiles
 Kool Smiles (en inglés)
 NCDR (en inglés)

Empresas de Georgia (Estados Unidos)
Odontología
Empresas de Atlanta
Pediatría

Kool Smiles


Drugi svjetski rat po nadnevcima: 4. svibnja u Drugom svjetskom ratu.

1945.
Britanske snage oslobodile sabirni logor Neuengamme.

Drugi svjetski rat po nadnevcima

4. svibnja u Drugom svjetskom ratu


Los plesiosáuridos (Plesiosauridae) son una familia extinta de reptiles marinos plesiosauroideos, parte del orden Plesiosauria. Fue nombrada en 1825 por John Edward Gray.

De acuerdo con el análisis filogenético realizado por Frank O'Keefe a Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus, la especie tipo de la familia, estaba cercanamente emparentado a Hydrorion brachypterygius y a Seeleyosaurus guilelmiimperatoris (si bien el autor los consideraba parte del género Plesiosaurus), y estas tres especies forman un grupo hermano de todos los demás miembros de Plesiosauroidea.

Algunos autores incluyeron entre las especies de Plesiosauridae a Plesiosaurus y a Attenborosaurus. De acuerdo con la definición filogenética presentada por Ketchum y Benson, el grupo Plesiosauridae incluye a todos los plesiosáuridos más estrechamente relacionados con Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus que a Cryptoclidus eurymerus, Elasmosaurus platyurus, Leptocleidus superstes o a Polycotylus latipinnis. Se realizó un análisis filogenético según la cual lo que se define a los plesiosáuridos como todas las especies que pertenecían al género Plesiosaurus como P. dolichodeirus y otras ahora reclasificadas como Hydrorion brachypterygius,  Seeleyosaurus guilelmiimperatoris, Occitanosaurus tournemirensis y Microcleidus homalospondylus. Este grupo es soportado por cuatro sinapomorfías inequívocas. En esta definición Plesiosauridae ya no incluye a Attenborosaurus conybeari, que fue uno de los pocos plesiosaurios, que se separó del linaje de Plesiosauria antes de que se dividiera entre los Plesiosauroidea y los Pliosauroidea.

Cladograma de Plesiosauridae según Ketchum y Benson (2010)

Referencias

Plesiosaurios del Jurásico

Plesiosauridae


රෝමානු කතෝලික ධර්මයේ ශාඛාවක් වන මෝල්ටානු කතෝලික සභාව මෝල්ටාවේ ප්‍රධාන ආගම වේ. මෝල්ටානු ව්‍යවස්ථාව හරහා කතෝලික ධර්මය රාජ්‍ය ආගම ලෙස තහවුරු කර ඇති අතර මෝල්ටානු සංස්කෘතිය තුළ කතෝලික දහමේ ආභාෂයන් නිරන්තරයෙන් විද්‍යමාන වන ආකාරයක් දක්නට ලැබේ. කෙසේ වෙතත්, මෝල්ටානු සමාජය තුළ සමාජ අනුබලයක් හා අධ්‍යාත්මික ආයතනයක් කතෝලික සභාවට හිමි ව තිබූ පිළිගැනීම කෙමෙන් අහිමි වී යන බවක් පෙනේ. 2018 දී සිදු කරන ලද සමීක්ෂණයකට අනුව, සමස්ත මෝල්ටානු සමාජයම පාහේ කිතුනු දහම තම ආගම ලෙස පිළිගන්නා අතර (95.2%), ඉන් බහුතරය කතෝලිකයන් වුණි (93.9%). එමෙන් ම 2021 සමීක්ෂණයකින් වාර්තා වුණේ සමස්ත ජනගහනයෙන් 82.6% ක් කතෝලික සභාවට අයත් බවයි.

මෝල්ටාවේ අපෝස්තුළුවරුන් ලෙස සලකන්නේ ශාන්ත පාවුළු මුනිතුමා, ශාන්ත පබ්ලියස් මුනිතුමා හා ශාන්ත ඇගතා මුනිතුමිය යන අය වේ. මෝල්ටාවේ මව්තුමිය ලෙස හඳුන්වන ස්වර්ගාරෝපිත මරිය මව්තුමිය ද මෝල්ටා දූපත් හී සුවිශේෂී සාන්තුවරියක් ලෙස ගරු බුහුමන් ලබයි.

සටහන්

මෝල්ටාවේ ආගම්


José Luis Lorente Sanz (1902 – 2001) foi um político espanhol que atuou como ministro interino da Governança da Espanha, substituindo o ministro cessante Ramón Serrano Suñer entre 1940 e 1941, durante a ditadura franquista na Espanha.

Referências

Mortos em 2001
Nascidos em 1902
Ministros da Espanha

José Lorente Sanz


මුල් නර්තනයේ උත්පත්තිය ලතින් ඇමරිකාව වේ. මේවා චා චා, රෑම්බා, සම්බා, සල්සා, මැම්බෝ, මෙරින්ගුයි, බචාටා,තුම්බියා හා බොලේරෝ වේ. සමහර නර්තන උපදේශනයන් ටැන්ගෝ හා ආජන්ටයන් ටැන්ගෝ ද මෙම ලැයිස්තුවට ඇතුලත් කර ඇත. මේවා අනෙකුත් නර්තන ශෛලීන්ගෙන් වෙනස් වේ. ආජන්ටිනාව තුළ චනාරේරා, ගටෝ, එසතොන්ඩිඩෝ සහ සම්බා නර්තනයන් අතරින් ටැන්ගෝ ජන නැටුමක් සේ නොසලකයි. බොහෝ බොල්වියානු ජන නැටුම් වන මොරෙන්ඩා, තුළවාඩා, ලමරාඩා, තැපරෙල්ස් සහ මෑතක දී නීර්මාණය වු ටින්තු ද වෙයි. කොලොම්බියාව තුළ වඩා ප්‍රචලිත නර්තනයකි, තුම්බියා, මෙය ආජන්ටයින් තුම්බියා ලෙස වරදවා නොගත යුතුයි. මෙය පැවත එන්නේ කැරබියන් රෙගේ හා ස්තා යන නර්තනයන් ගෙනි.

නර්තනය

ලතින් ඇමරිකානු නර්තනයන්


يعد علم الغذاء (يُسمى أيضًا علم الأغذية) علمًا تطبيقيًا يختص بدراسة الغذاء. ويُعرف معهد خبراء تكنولوجيا الغذاء (Institute of Food Technologists) هذا العلم بأنه «المجال الذي يستخدم العلوم الهندسية والبيولوجية والفيزيائية لدراسة طبيعة الأغذية وأسباب فسادها والقواعد الأساسية لإعدادها وتحسينها من أجل جمهور المستهلكين».

نظرة عامة
تضم أنشطة علماء الغذاء تطوير المنتجات الغذائية الجديدة وتصميم عمليات لإنتاج هذه الأغذية واختيار مواد التعبئة والتغليف ودراسة فترة الصلاحية والتقييم الحسي للمنتج بواسطة لجنة الخبراء أو المستهلكين المحتملين، بالإضافة إلى الاختبارات الميكروبيولوجية والكيميائية. قد يقوم علماء الغذاء بدراسة الظواهر الأساسية التي لها علاقة مباشرة بإنتاج المنتجات الغذائية وخصائصها.

ويعد علم الغذاء مجالاً متعدد التخصصات. حيث يضم مفاهيم من مجالات متنوعة مثل علم الأحياء الدقيقة والهندسة الكيميائية والكيمياء الحيوية. وهناك بعض الاتحادات المتخصصة مثل الاتحاد الدولي لعلم وتكنولوجيا الأغذية (IUFoST) واتحاد علماء الغذاء وخبراء التغذية في الهند (fsna india) واتحاد جنوب إفريقيا لعلم وتكنولوجيا الأغذية (SAAFoST).

عوامل الجودة في الأغذية.

تم تعريف الجودة على أنها درجة من التمييز للغذاء. تستخدم نوعية الغذاء للكشف عن الجودة عن طريق حواسنا و يمكن تقسيم عوامل الجودة إلى ثلاث فئات رئيسية: المظهر،التكوين ،النكهة. عوامل المظهر :مثل الحجم والشكل ، وأشكال مختلفة من الضرر والشفافية واللون والاتساق. الخصائص النسيجية (التكوين) :شعور اليد (الملمس) والفم (الطعم)، الليونة للمادة الغذائية. (خصائص التكوين غالبا ما تكون محددا رئيسيا كيف نحب الطعام.) النكهة: تشمل الإحساس من قبل اللسان مثل المالح, الحلو، الحامض والمر، والرائحة التي ينظر إليها من قبل الأنف. وقد تم العثور على مراكز تحليل الحسية الخاصة لتقييم الأطعمة.

التخصصات
تضم بعض التخصصات الفرعية لعلم الغذاء ما يلي:
 كيمياء الأغذية - وتُعنى بالتركيب الجزيئي للطعام واستخدام هذه الجزيئات في التفاعلات الكيميائية
 الكيمياء الفيزيائية للأغذية- وتُعنى بدراسة التفاعلات الفيزيائية والكيميائية في الغذاء، من حيث المبادئ الفيزيائية والكيميائية المطبقة على الأنظمة الغذائية، بالإضافة إلى تطبيق التكنولوجيا الكيميائية الفيزيائية والأدوات اللازمة لدراسة الأغذية وتحليلها
 الهندسة الغذائية - وتُعنى بالعمليات الصناعية المستخدمة في تصنيع الأغذية
 علم الأحياء الدقيقة الغذائي - ويُعني بالتفاعلات الإيجابية والسلبية بين الكائنات الدقيقة والأغذية
 تعبئة وتغليف المواد الغذائية - وتُعنى بدراسة كيفية استخدام التغليف لحفظ الغذاء بعد معالجته ولاحتوائه أثناء التوزيع
 حفظ الأغذية - ويُعني بأسباب تراجع الجودة ومنع حدوث ذلك
 سلامة الغذاء - وتُعنى بأسباب التسمم الغذائي وطرق انتقاله والوقاية منه
 تكنولوجيا الغذاء - وتُعنى بالجوانب التكنولوجية
 فن حسن الأكل الجزيئي - ويُعني بالبحث العلمي للعمليات التي تحدث أثناء الطهي وظواهر فن حسن الأكل من الجانب الاجتماعي والفني
 هندسة الإنتاج - وتُعنى بإبداع منتجات غذائية جديدة
 التحليل الحسي - ويُعني بدراسة كيفية إدراك الغذاء بواسطة حواس المستهلك

حسب الدولة

الولايات المتحدة
في الولايات المتحدة، تتم دراسة علم الغذاء في جامعات لاند جرانت.

ويعد معهد خبراء تكنولوجيا الغذاء] (IFT) ومقره شيكاغو بإلينوي هو المنظمة الأمريكية الأساسية التي تُعنَى بتكنولوجيا الغذاء، وهو أيضًا المنظمة الأمريكية العضو في الاتحاد الدولي لعلم وتكنولوجيا الأغذية (IUFoST).

الإصدارات
لقد تم تأليف كتب شهيرة حول بعض جوانب علم الغذاء أو فن الطهي بواسطة هارولد ماكجي وهوارد هيلمان وآخرين.

ومن الدوريات البارزة في مجال علم الغذاء:
 تكنولوجيا الأغذية والمعالجة الحيوية (Food and Bioprocess Technology)
 علم وتكنولوجيا الأغذية - (LWT)

انظر أيضًا
 مكملات غذائية
 حفظ الأغذية
 نشاط مائي
 طرق تحضير الطعام

ملاحظات

المراجع
 Wanucha, Genevieve. "Two Happy Clams: The Friendship that Forged Food Science". Food Technology. November 2009. p. 88.

وصلات خارجية
 Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology - Canada
 Food Science Australia
 Institute of Food Technologists - الولايات المتحدة
 Institute of Food Science and Technology - المملكة المتحدة
 International Union of Food Science and Technology and its regional chapters

أطعمة ومشروبات
تعليم
علوم أغذية
علوم تطبيقية

علم الغذاء


Hulagu-kan (oko 1215. – 8. veljače 1265.) bio je mongolski vladar, koji je osvojio veliki dio jugozapadne Azije. Unuk je Džingis-kana i brat Kublaj-kana. Prvi je kan Ilhanidskog Carstva u Perziji. Osnovao je dinastiju Hulagida. Osvojio je Bagdad 1258. i razorio ga do temelja. Srušio je Abasidski Kalifat.

Hulagu je 1255. krenuo po zadatku svog brata, velikog kana Mongkea (1251. – 1258.) da osvoji ili uništi preostale muslimanske države jugozapadne Azije. Njegova majka, žena i najbliži prijatelj bili su nestorijanski kršćani. Jako je volio Perziju i njenu kulturu. Perzijski i nestorijanski utjecaj bili su značajni faktori, koji su ga ohrabrili da napadne Arape. Hulagu je oko sebe imao mnogo perzijskih savjetnika, koji su željeli da se osvete Arapima za osvajanje Perzije izvedene nekoliko stoljeća prije toga. Osim toga Perzija je bila stari neprijatelj Abasidskog Kalifata.

Hulagu je imao za ciljeve osvajanje Luristana (danas pokrajina u zapadnom Iranu), Abasidskog Kalifata, Ajubidskih državica u Siriji i Mamelučkog sultanata u Egiptu. Monke-kan je naredio Hulagu, da se lijepo odnosi prema onima, koji se predaju, a da uništi one, koji neće se predati.

Hulagu-kan je zapovijedao najvećom mongolskom vojskom, koja je ikada sakupljena. Među njegovim generalima bio je i nestorijanski kršćan general Kitbuka. Hilagu je lako razorio Luristan, tako da se glas o tome nadaleko proširio, pa su Hašašini odmah predali svoju tvrđavu Alamut bez borbe.

Hulagu je svoju vojsku podijelio na dva dijela, tako da su ugrožavali Bagdad i s istočne i sa zapadne obale Tigrisa. Dio kalifove vojske odbio je snage sa zapada, ali poraženi su bili u sljedećoj borbi. Mongoli su provalili nasipe i izazvali poplavu na području iza kalifove vojske, koja se našla u zamci. Većina se utopila ili su ih Mongoli ubili.

Poslije toga Mongoli su pod zapovjedništvom kineskog generala Guo-kana započeli opsadu grada. Izgradili su palisadu i dovezli opsadne sprave i katapulte. Opsada Bagdada je započela 29. siječnja 1258. godine. Bitka je bila relativno kratka, s obzirom na to da se radilo o opsadi. Već do 5. veljače Mongoli su kontrolirali jedan pojas zida. Kalif Al Mustasim pokušao je pregovarati, ali Hulagu je odbio. Bagdad se predao 10. veljače 1258. godine. Mongoli su 13. veljače prodrli u grad i započeli tjedan dana masakriranja, pljačkanja, silovanja i uništavanja.

Uništili su veliku knjižnicu Bagdada s brojnim neprocjenjivim povijesnim dokumentima i knjigama s temama od medicine do astronomije.

Martin Sicker piše da je možda ubijeno oko 90.000 stanovnika. Druge procjene su mnogo veće i kreću se od nekoliko stotina tisuća mrtvih na više. Prije toga, Mongoli su uništavali grad samo ako se ne bi predao. Gradovi koji bi se odmah predali bili bi pošteđeni. Oni koji bi se kao Bagdad predali poslije kratke borbe mogli su očekivati pljačku, ali ne potpuno uništenje. Mongoli su potpuno razorili Bagdad, koji je ostao bez stanovništva i nekoliko stoljeća bio ruševina.

Sljedeći potez koji se očekivao bio je napad na Egipat. Međutim smrt Mongke-kana prisilila je Hulagu-kana da se povuče. Uslijedila je borba za nasljeđe, poslije koje je Kublaj-kan postao veliki kan, ali praktički više nije bilo jedinstvenog Mongolskog Carstva te su nastala četiri kanata. Jedan od njih bilo je Ilhanidsko Carstvo, kojieje osnovao Hulagu u Perziji.

Hulagu-kan umro je 1265. godine. Naslijedio ga je sin Abaka-kan.

Izvori

Mongolski kanovi
Vojni zapovjednici
Vojna povijest 13. stoljeća
Ilhanidsko Carstvo

Hulagu-kan


Alcántara is a municipality in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain, on the Tagus, near Portugal. The toponym is from the Arabic word al-Qanṭarah (القنطرة) meaning "the bridge".

History
Archaeological findings have attested human presence in the area from the Bronze Age; the first historical inhabitants were the Lusitanians, followed by the Celts, who came from an area between central Iberia and the Pyrenees. To this period, and to the following Roman domination, belong the remains of several castra (military camps), villas and the bridge which gives its name to the city. Roman rule lasted from the 2nd century BC to the 5th century, when they were replaced by the Visigoths.

In the 8th century, the Moors conquered the Iberian Peninsula and called it Al-Andalus, ending four centuries of Visigothic presence in what is now Spain, France, Portugal and Gibraltar. In the 12th century, the Muslim geographer al-Idrisi described the bridge as one of the wonders of the world. Alcántara was a frontier city in the 12th and 13th centuries, devoted to military activities and animal husbandry. After the collapse of the Caliphate of Córdoba, it belonged to several Islamic taifas (petty kingdoms).

Ferdinand II of León liberated Alcántara in 1167 during his wars against Portugal, but the town was later recaptured by the Almohads. The Christians conquered it permanently in 1213 with Alfonso IX of León. In 1217 it was given to the military order of Calatrava. They, however, considered it too difficult to defend, and thus the following year they were replaced by the Order of San Julian de Pereiro, a military order created in 1156 which had its headquarters on the Rio Cora and which later took its name from Alcántara, where it was established. The city maintained its strategic importance until 1655. In 1807, during the Peninsular War, it was occupied by French troops.

Alcántara lost all its importance in the 19th century when the order's properties were secularized. Its depopulation was halted only in the 1960s, when the electric company Hidroelectrica Espaňola built several plants here. However, its economy was not boosted, and the town is still part of one of the less developed areas of Spain.

The Order of Alcántara, a religious and military order, was established in the town in 1176 for defence against the Moors, and was suppressed in 1835.

In 1499, Peter of Alcántara, teacher of Theresa of Ávila, saint and Franciscan reformer, was born here.

Main sights
Alcántara Bridge, of six symmetrical arches, 194 m long and 71 m high, built in honour of Trajan in 103-106. An inscription gives the name of the architect of the viaduct, C. Iulius Lacer.
Convent of San Benito de Alcántara (16th century)
Church of Holy Mother of Almocobar (13th century)
Remains of the Moorish walls, modified and restored in the Middle Ages
Convent of St. Francis (15th-17th centuries)
Convent of the Nuns of Los Remedios, of which only the Baroque Chapel remains

References

Richard Stillwell, ed. Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, 1976: "Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain"

External links

Municipalities in the Province of Cáceres

Alcántara


La Chapelle Saint-Michel de Crillon-le-Brave est un édifice religieux, situé à Crillon-le-Brave, dans le Vaucluse.

Histoire
La chapelle date du , mais la toiture a été remaniée au , supportée par une voûte en berceau. Elle a été vandalisée, à la suite de son abandon au . Les peintures murales qui ornaient l'édifice, jusque dans les années 1970, se sont effacées, par l'action des intempéries.

La chapelle est inscrite au titre des monuments historiques depuis le .

Une tranche de travaux de réhabilitation a été effectuée à l'été 2012.

Description
La chapelle est un édifice d'architecture romane, avec une abside polygonale, des murs pourvus d'arcades aveugles, des travées ponctuées de pilastres, au nombre de deux, et des voûtes en berceau. Elle comporte également une étroite travée droite de chœur.

En savoir plus

Articles connexes
Liste des monuments historiques de Vaucluse
 Liste des chapelles de Vaucluse

Liens externes

Monument historique en Vaucluse
Monument historique inscrit en 2011
Édifice religieux du XIIe siècle en France
Crillon-le-Brave


The coat of arms of Warsaw consists of a syrenka ("little mermaid") in a red field. This imagery has been in use since at least the mid-14th century. The syrenka has traditionally held a silver sword although this does not appear on more recent versions.

History
The first coat of arms of Warsaw depicted a dragon with a male human head, carrying a sword and a shield. The first known usage was on a seal from 1390. This is the oldest existing armed seal of Warsaw, consisting of a round seal bordered with the Latin inscription Sigilium Civitatis Varsoviensis (Seal of the city of Warsaw). Gradually the male head and body was replaced with that of a female, and by the end of 16th century the tail was also changed from that of a dragon to that of a fish. The only remaining parts of the original coat of arms are the sword and shield.

Beginning in the early 17th century Warsaw records associate a sword-wielding mermaid with the city. Since 1622, the Warsaw arms have been rendered as a mermaid with sword and shield in hand, representing Melusina from the River Vistula (Wisła), who in legend led Duke Bolesław II of Masovia (1262–1313) to the appropriate site (a fishing village) and ordered him to found the city, in about 1294. The origin of the legendary figure is not fully known. The city's motto is, appropriately, Contemnit procellas ("It defies the storms").

Modern usage
The current official design of the symbol was introduced in 1938 but it was only used in this form until the beginning of World War II. After 1945, Communist authorities changed the emblem by removing the crown. The insignia was restored to the pre-war form on August 15, 1990.

In addition there is a "Great Emblem of the Capital City of Warsaw" (Herb Wielki Miasta Stołecznego Warszawy) used only for ceremonial occasions. It includes a depiction of the Virtuti Militari medal, which was awarded to the City to honor the bravery of its citizens during World War II. It also adds the second motto to the emblem — Semper invicta (Always invincible).

Every member of the Queen's Royal Hussars of the United Kingdom light cavalry wears the Maid of Warsaw, the crest of the City of Warsaw, on the left sleeve of his No. 2 (Service) Dress. Members of 651 Squadron Army Air Corps of the United Kingdom also wear the Maid of Warsaw on the left sleeve of their No. 2 (Service) Dress.

Statues and sculptures

See also

 Flag of Warsaw
 Monument to the Heroes of Warsaw
 Warsaw Unicorn

Sources

Warsaw
Culture in Warsaw
History of Warsaw
Polish legends
Warsaw
Warsaw
Warsaw

Coat of arms of Warsaw


سيب بيونتيك ، من مواليد 5 مارس 1940 في بيرسلاو في ألمانيا (الآن بولندا)، لاعب كرة قدم ألماني سابق، ومدرب كرة قدم ألماني سابق.

درب منتخب الدنمارك لكرة القدم منذ عام 1979 وحتى عام 1990، ودرب منتخب تركيا لكرة القدم منذ عام 1990 وحتى عام 1993،
ودرب منتخب جرينلاند لكرة القدم منذ عام 2000 وحتى عام 2002.

قاد منتخب بلاده الدنمارك إلى أول تأهل في تاريخه لكأس العالم في دورة عام 1986، وتصدر المنتخب مجموعته بالعلامة الكاملة التي جاءت بثلاث انتصارات على ألمانيا، والأوروغواي، واسكتلندا، لكن منتخبه هُزم بشكل مفاجئ أمام إسبانيا 5-1، ولم يتأهل بعدها منتخب الدنمارك لكأس العالم حتى عام 1998.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
ألمان من أصل بولندي
رياضيون ألمان مغتربون في الدنمارك
رياضيون ألمان مغتربون في تركيا
رياضيون ألمان مغتربون في هايتي
رياضيون ألمانيون غربيون مغتربون في الدنمارك
رياضيون ألمانيون غربيون مغتربون في هايتي
رياضيون من فروتسواف
صناديق تصفح كرة القدم الدنماركية
لاعبو الدوري الألماني
لاعبو فيردر بريمن
لاعبو كرة قدم ألمان
لاعبو كرة قدم ألمانيون غربيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية ألمانيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية ألمانيون غربيون
لاعبو كرة قدم من فروتسواف
لاعبو منتخب ألمانيا بي لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب ألمانيا تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب ألمانيا لكرة القدم
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
مدربو الدوري الألماني
مدربو الدوري الألماني الدرجة الثانية
مدربو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1984
مدربو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1988
مدربو بورصة سبور
مدربو فورتونا دوسلدورف
مدربو فيردر بريمن
مدربو كأس العالم 1986
مدربو كرة قدم ألمان
مدربو كرة قدم ألمان مغتربون
مدربو كرة قدم ألمانيون غربيون
مدربو كرة قدم ألمانيون غربيون مغتربون
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في الدنمارك
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في تركيا
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في هايتي
مدربو منتخب الدنمارك لكرة القدم
مدربو منتخب تركيا لكرة القدم
مدربو منتخب هايتي الوطني لكرة القدم
مدربو نادي أوبه لكرة القدم
مدربو نادي سانت باولي
مدربو نادي سيلكيبورج
مواليد 1940
مواليد في فروتسواف

سيب بيونتيك


Slavko Barić je general hrvatske vojske u mirovini. Rođen je 27. travnja 1957. godine u Bocanjevcima kraj Belišća. Diplomirao je na Fakultetu političkih znanosti u Zagrebu 1981. gdje je i doktorirao iste godine. Od 1991. je bio zapovjednik 132. brigade Hrvatske vojske, a od 1992. zapovjednik 136. brigade. Od 1993. do 1995. bio je zamjenik zapovjednika Zbornog područja Osijek. Od   1995. do 1996. je bio pročelnik vojnog ureda tadašnjeg predsjednika Republike Hrvatske Franje Tuđmana. Zamjenik zapovjednika II. Zbornog područja i vojnog izaslanika u Uredu za uspostavu hrvatske vlasti u Hrvatskom Podunavlju bio je od 1996. do 1997. Od 1997. do 1999. je bio vojni izaslanik predsjednika republike i savjetnik u Ministarstvu obrane za suradnju s civilnim službama za razminiranje. Od 2001. do 31. prosinca 2002. bio je zapovjednik Zbornog područja Osijek. Od 16. siječnja 2003. do 31. listopada 2012. bio je zamjenik načelnika Glavnog stožera Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske. Od 1. studenoga 2012. do 31. prosinca 2017. bio je ravnatelj Hrvatskog vojnog učilišta "Petar Zrinski". Imao je čin general pukovnika. Umirovljen je 31. prosinca 2017.

Vanjske poveznice
Hrvatska enciklopedija
MORH

Hrvatski generali
Hrvatski vojni zapovjednici u Domovinskom ratu

Slavko Barić


O museu do Lago Malawi é um museu no Lago Malawi no Malawi . Ele está localizado perto do memorial da Vitória do Reino Unido perto da ponte Bakili Muluzi , na cidade de Mangochi, distrito de Mangochi, dentro do Região Sul do Malawi.

Galeria

Referências

 Museu do Parque Nacional do Lago Malawi na Wikimapia
Lago Malawi
Artes do Malawi
Cultura do Malawi

Museu do Lago Malawi


Adiyat Suresi (Arapça: سورة العاديات, Sūrat'ul Ādiyāt), Kur'an'ın 100. suresidir.

Tamamıyla Mekke'de indirildiğine inanılmaktadır. 11 ayetten oluşmaktadır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Türkçe Adiyat suresi, Diyanet meali
 İngilizce Adiyat suresi meali

Sureler

Adiyat Suresi


Frei Miguel Ángel Hernández, O.A.R. (Collado Villalba, ) é um sacerdote católico espanhol e atual prior geral da Ordem dos Agostinianos Recoletos.

Biografia
Miguel Ángel Hernández Domínguez nasceu em Collado Villalba (Madri, Espanha) em 19 de janeiro de 1965. Após seu noviciado em Los Negrales (Madri) e Burgos, fez sua profissão simples em 24 de junho de 1989 e, mais tarde, no mesmo lugar, em 10 de dezembro de 1988, fez sua profissão solene como agostiniano recoleto. Ele foi ordenado diácono em 1989 em Madri, pelas mãos do bispo auxiliar da mesma diocese, Dom Luis Gutiérrez Martín, CMF. Meses depois, dia 30 de junho de 1990, também em Madri, o bispo agostiniano recoleto Florentino Zabalza Iturri o ordenou presbítero.

Daquele tempo até 2006, Miguel Ángel Hernández realizou seu trabalho pastoral no Brasil, primeiro no Rio de Janeiro, depois em São Paulo e, mais tarde, em Belém do Pará, neste último lugar como formador. No período de 2000-2006, por dois períodos de três anos, ele foi vigário provincial. Em 20 de julho de 2006, o capítulo provincial da Província de Santo Tomás de Vilanova o elegeu prior provincial, cargo que ocupou até 2012.

Durante seis anos, Hernández dedicou-se à formação dos jovens agostinianos recoletos, primeiro no noviciado de Monteagudo e depois no teologado de Granada. Em 2018, os religiosos da Província de Santo Tomás de Vilanova o elegeram novamente prior provincial, tarefa à qual ele se dedicava no momento.

No 56º Capítulo Geral, em 2022, foi eleito Prior Geral em Roma.

Agostinianos Recoletos
Padres católicos da Espanha

Miguel Ángel Hernández


Alice Charlotte von Rothschild, poznata kao Gđica Alice (eng. Miss Alice) (Frankfurt na Majni, 17. veljače 1847. Njemačka - Pariz, Francuska, 3. svibnja 1922.), njemačka plemkinja, članica visokog društva iz austrijske loze bogate bankarske obitelji Rothschild.

Rodila se kao osmo i ujedno posljednje dijete te najmlađa od četiri kćeri austrijskog baruna Anselma Salomona von Rothschilda (1803. – 1874.) i Charlotte Rothschild (1807. – 1859.). Poslije majčine smrti, 1859. godine, imala je prilično samotno djetinjstvo. Iza 1860. godine živjela je većinom kod britanske grane obitelji u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, gdje je bila blisko povezana s rodicama Constancom (1843. – 1931.) i Annie Henriettom (1844. – 1926.), kćerkama njenog ujca, baroneta Anthonyja Nathana de Rothschilda (1810. – 1876.) te s Hannom (1851. – 1890.), kćerkom njenog drugog ujca, Mayera Amschela de Rothschilda (1818. – 1874.).

Provodila je dosta vremena s udovičenim bratom Ferdinandom von Rothschildom (1839. – 1898.), na njegovom imanju Waddesdon Manoru, a i sama je kupila imanje Eythrope u njegovoj neposrednoj blizini. I u Londonu je, također, imala nekretninu odmah do bratove.

Naslijedila je ljetnikovac Waddeson Manor, nakon bratove smrti 1898. godine te je nastavila dodavati umjetnine u postojeću kolekciju, koju je osnovao njen brat Ferdinand. Osobito je sakupljala viteške oklope i oružje. Posljednje godine života provela je u Parizu. Njeno imanje Waddeson Manor naslijedio je James Armand Edmond de Rothschild (1878. – 1957.), sin baruna Edmonda Jakoba de Rothschilda (1845. – 1934.), iz francuske loze Rothschildovih.

Bilješke

Vanjske poveznice

 Alice Charlotte von Rothschild (1847-1922) - family.rothschildarchive.org

Rothschildi (Njemačka)

Alice Charlotte von Rothschild


Portugal Cove South est un village situé dans la province de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador, dans le sud de Terre-Neuve.

Histoire

Économie

Géographie

Démographie

Notes et références

Ville à Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador

Portugal Cove South


Patu catba est une espèce d'araignées aranéomorphes de la famille des Symphytognathidae.

Distribution
Cette espèce est endémique de la municipalité de Haïphong au Viêt Nam. Elle se rencontre dans le parc national de Cat Ba.

Description
Le mâle holotype mesure .

Étymologie
Son nom d'espèce lui a été donné en référence au lieu de sa découverte, le parc national de Cat Ba.

Publication originale
 Li, Li & Lin, 2021 : « Taxonomic study on fourteen symphytognathid species from Asia (Araneae, Symphytognathidae). » ZooKeys, ,  (texte intégral).

Liens externes

Notes et références

Symphytognathidae
Espèce d'araignées (nom scientifique)
Faune endémique du Viêt Nam

Patu catba


ساحة ويمبلي هي ساحة داخلية في ويمبلي، لندن، المملكة المتحدة، المبنى موجود في الساحة المقابلة لإستاد ويمبلي، بنيت هذه الساحة في عام 1934 من قبل السير آرثر إلفين وكانت مخصصة للألعاب الأمبراطورية البريطانية، ويوجد في هذه الساحة مسبح وسمي بمسبح الأمبراطورية، استعمل المسبح للألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1948، الساحة تُستعمل أيضاً للأحداث الموسيقية و الكوميدية و الترفيه العائلي و للرياضة.

مراجع

أماكن الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2012
تأسيسات سنة 1934 في إنجلترا
حلبات ملاكمة أولمبية
صالات الموسيقى في لندن
صالات ملاكمة في المملكة المتحدة
صالات موسيقى اكتملت في 1934
لندن
ملاعب الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1948
ملاعب جمباز أولمبية
ملاعب رياضية اكتملت في 1934
ملاعب رياضة إلكترونية في المملكة المتحدة
ملاعب ريشة طائرة أولمبية
ملاعب سباحة أولمبية
ملاعب سباحة في لندن
ملاعب سنوكر
ملاعب سهام مريشة
ملاعب غطس أولمبية
ملاعب كرة الشبكة في إنجلترا
ملاعب كرة سلة في إنجلترا
ملاعب كرة ماء أولمبية
ملاعب متعددة الاستخدام في المملكة المتحدة
ملاعب مصارعة
ملاعب مصارعة محترفين في المملكة المتحدة
ملعب ويمبلي وويمبلي أرينا

ويمبلي أرينا


Higrograf je mjerni instrument koji neposredno mjeri relativnu vlažnost zraka i promjene bilježi na papir ili elektronički medij. Kao mjerno osjetilo mu služi vlaknasta higroskopna tvar (ljudska kosa, konjska dlaka ili slično) koja s promjenom vlažnosti zraka mijenja duljinu (pri većoj vlažnosti se produljuje, a pri manjoj skraćuje).  Higrograf je vrsta autografa koji neprestano bilježi relativnu vlagu. I tu kao mjerno osjetilo (senzor) služi snop vlasi, pa se promjena duljine vlasi prenosi polugama na pisaljku, koja na traci bilježi krivulju relativne vlage.

Relativna vlažnost

Zrak obično sadrži manju količinu vlage od maksimalne, pa kažemo da je nezasićen. Sadrži li na primjer zrak kod 20 °C 10 g/kg vlage, to on može još primiti 5,19 g/kg. Pri sniženju temperature, ako zrak sadrži maksimalnu količinu vlage, nastupa kondenzacija, to jest nastaju oblaci, magla ili rosa. Omjer između apsolutne vlage a, koju sadrži zrak, i maksimalne vlage amax, koju bi zrak mogao primiti kod određene temperature da bi bio zasićen naziva se relativna vlažnost φ. To je broj koji je uvijek manji od 1, te se množi sa 100 i izražava u postocima, to jest:

Relativna vlažnost je fizikalna veličina za iskazivanje udjela vodene pare u zraku (ili općenito u plinovima). Izražava se omjerom parcijalnoga tlaka prisutne vodene pare pH2O i parcijalnoga tlaka zasićene vodene pare pri određenoj temperaturi i tlaku zraka p*H2O:

Relativna vlažnost iznosi 0% kada je zrak potpuno suh, a 100% kada je zrak potpuno zasićen vodenom parom. Relativna vlažnost mjeri se najčešće psihrometrom ili posebnim osjetnicima.

Mjerni instrumenti za mjerenje vlažnosti zraka
Apsolutna vlaga mjeri se pomoću higroskopnih tvari, to jest onih kemijskih tvari koje upijaju vlagu, na primjer kalcijev klorid i fosforov pentoksid. U tu svrhu služi apsorpcioni vlagomjer ili vlagomjer (higrometar). On se sastoji od dviju spojenih staklenih cijevi u kojima se nalazi higroskopna tvar. Cijevi su spojene s jednom umjerenom (kalibriranom) posudom u kojoj se nalazi voda. Kada se otvori slavina (ventil) posude, voda će istjecati, a u posudu će kroz cijev ulaziti zrak preko higroskopne tvari. Obujam (volumen) zraka koji je ušao u posudu jednak je količini vode koja je iscurila iz posude. Prije mjerenja mora se higroskopna tvar točno izmjeriti na vagi. Kako je na primjer kalcijev klorid higroskopna tvar to on upije vlagu iz zraka pa zbog toga postaje teži. Razlika težine poslije i prije mjerenja daje težinu upijene vlage koju ima zrak. Podijelimo li težinu vlage obujmom zraka koji je ušao u posudu, dobit ćemo količinu apsolutne vlage koju ima zrak u 1 m3 odnosno u 1 kg.

Za mjerenje relativne vlažnosti služi vlagomjer (higrometar) i psihrometar. Vlagomjer je mjerni instrument čije se djelovanje osniva na svojstvu vlasi kose da upija vlagu i da se pri tom produžava. Vlas kose je jednim krajem pričvršćena za okvir, a drugi kraj je omotan oko osovine kazaljke. Vlas se rasteže povećanjem relativne vlažnosti, a steže njenim smanjenjem. Zbog toga se kazaljka pomiče i pokazuje na skali relativnu vlažnost u postocima.

Psihrometar se sastoji od dva termometra smještena na istom stalku. Kod jednog termometra nalazi se posudica s vodom pomoću koje se neprestano kvasi njegov rezervoar, koji je omotan pamučnim fitiljem. Zbog isparavanja vode mokri termometar pokazuje nižu temperaturu od suhoga. Isparavanje vode bit će to jače što je manja relativna vlažnost. Razlika temperature suhog i mokrog termometra zove se psihrometrijska razlika pomoću koje se iz psihrometrijskih tablica očitava relativna vlaga.

Izvori

Meteorološki instrumenti i oprema

Higrograf


Blichers Jylland er en turistfilm fra 1944 instrueret af Gunnar Robert Hansen efter manuskript af Felix Nørgaard og H. Ballund Jensen.

Handling
Filmen viser i en række billeder det Jylland, som Steen Steensen Blicher elskede og besang, bl.a. Skjern Å, den jyske hede og Thorning Kirke, hvor Blicher havde sit første præstekald i 1819.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Turistfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1944

Blichers Jylland


Die Wallfahrtskirche Notre-Dame de Temniac ist eine kleine Kirche in einem Vorort der südfranzösischen Stadt Sarlat-la-Canéda im Département Dordogne (Region Nouvelle-Aquitaine). Seit dem Jahr 1920 ist die Kirche als Monument historique eingestuft.

Lage
Die Kirche Notre-Dame liegt auf einem Hügel etwa drei Kilometer (Fahrtstrecke) nördlich des Stadtzentrums von Sarlat-la-Canéda.

Baugeschichte
Näheres zur Baugeschichte des kleinen Kirchenbaus ist nicht bekannt. Man kann jedoch davon ausgehen, das der Bau im 12. Jahrhundert – vielleicht als Burgkapelle – entstanden ist. Während der Pestepidemie des Jahres 1688 pilgerten die Bewohner von Sarlat und Umgebung nach Temniac zu einer – als hilfreich verehrten – Statue der Muttergottes. Die Wallfahrt wurde in der Folgezeit alljährlich am Ostermontag wiederholt.

Architektur

Außenbau
Mit seinem mächtigen Strebepfeilern und hochliegenden Fenstern erinnert der – abgesehen von einigen Blendarkaden – nahezu schmucklose Außenbau der Kirche an eine Wehrkirche (vgl. die ehemaligen Abteikirchen Saint-Nicolas de Trémolat und Saint-Martial in Paunat). Lediglich das große Portal und die seitlichen Blendarkaden weisen in eine andere Richtung. Die Kirche hat einen einfachen steinernen Glockengiebel mit einer anschließenden kleinen überdachten Glockenstube. Alle Dachflächen sind mit dünnen Steinplatten (lauzes) gedeckt – ein Material, welches in früheren Zeiten häufiger Verwendung fand, heutzutage jedoch wegen der hohen Handwerkerkosten nur noch selten zu sehen ist.

Inneres

Auch im Inneren zeigt die einschiffige Kirche keinerlei Baudekor; das aus hellem Kalkstein bestehende Mauerwerk ist dagegen so außergewöhnlich gut gefügt, dass auf bauliche Schmuckelemente wie Kapitelle verzichtet werden konnte.

Die beiden Joche des Langhauses sind von Kuppeln überwölbt, wie es im Périgord häufiger vorkommt. Pendentifs und Kuppelrund bilden eine übergangslose Einheit. Das zweite Langhausjoch ist gegenüber dem ersten bzw. dem Chor leicht verbreitert, so dass man beinahe von einer Vierung sprechen kann. Von dort führen zwei seitliche Treppen in die unter dem Chor liegende Krypta.

Die leicht erhöht liegende Chorapsis beeindruckt durch ihren polygonalen 3/8-Schluss mit großen Fenstern, die von doppelten Arkadenbögen überfangen werden, die auf – der Wand vorgestellten – schlanken Säulen aufruhen. Die Korbkapitelle sind ungeschmückt. Die Chorapsis schließt nach oben mit einem wohlgefügten Gewölbe ab.

Krypta
Die Krypta besteht aus zwei Räumen – einem Vorraum mit einem mächtigen unprofilierten Rippengewölbe und einem kleinen erhöhten Altarraum mit einem Ostfenster. Im Vorraum steht eine als hilfreich verehrte Muttergottesstatue aus Holz.

Umgebung
In unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft zur Kirche stehen die Ruinen des Château de Temniac, eine Burg von welcher lediglich ein Rundturm in gutem Zustand erhalten ist.

Einzelnachweise

Literatur
 Thorsten Droste: Périgord. Dordognetal und Quercy – die Landschaften im Herzen Südwestfrankreichs. DuMont, Köln 1997, S. 133, ISBN 3-7701-4003-6.
 G. Duverneuil: Notre-Dame de Temniac – Le château, l'église, le pèlerinage. Impr. Cassard, 1910.

Weblinks

 Temniac, Kirche – Fotos
 Temniac, Burgruine und Kirche – Foto

Temniac
Sarlat
Sarlat
Bauwerk der Romanik in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Temniac
Temniac
Monument historique seit 1920
Monument historique in Sarlat-la-Canéda

Wallfahrtskirche Notre-Dame (Temniac)


Branko Bošnjak može označavati:

 Branko Bošnjak (filozof),
 Branimir (Branko) Bošnjak, hrvatski pjesnik

Branko Bošnjak


House Creek Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:

 House Creek Township (North Carolina)
 House Creek Township (Oklahoma)

House Creek Township


Hannah Margaret McNair Mac Neil (Jiujiang, 26 de fevereiro de 2000) é uma nadadora canadense, campeã olímpica.

Carreira

Tóquio 2020
Mac Neil conquistou a medalha de ouro nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020 em Tóquio na prova de 100 m borboleta com a marca de 55.59. Além disso, conseguiu a prata no revezamento 4x100 m livre e o bronze no revezamento 4x100 m medley.

2022
Em 18 de junho, obteve a prata no 4x100 m livre do Campeonato Mundial de Esportes Aquáticos em Budapeste. Uma semana depois, ganhou o bronze no 4x100 m medley do mesmo evento.

Em 13 de dezembro, ficou em terceiro lugar no 4x100 m livre do Mundial em Piscina Curta em Melbourne, onde sua equipe estabeleceu o novo recorde nacional com o tempo de três minutos, 28 segundos e seis centésimos. No dia seguinte, conquistou duas medalhas na mesma competição: o bronze no 4x50 m medley misto e o ouro no 50 m borboleta, quebrando a marca nacional dessa última prova com 24s64cs. Em 16 de dezembro, obteve o título no 50 m costas, além de baixar seu recorde mundial na categoria para 25 segundos e 25 centésimos. Dois dias depois, ganhou mais duas medalhas em Melbourne: uma de ouro no 100 m borboleta, estabelecendo nova marca mundial da prova, e uma de bronze no 4x100 m medley, no qual seu time quebrou o recorde canadense.

Nadadores olímpicos do Canadá
Campeões olímpicos do Canadá
Nadadores nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas olímpicos da natação

Maggie Mac Neil


Gruppen Nationernes og Frihedens Europa (engelsk: Europe of Nations and Freedom Group, ENF-gruppen) er den mest højreorienterede gruppe i Europa-Parlamentet. Parlamentsgruppen blev dannet den 16. juni 2015. Gruppen kan betragtes som en efterfølger for parlamentsgruppen Identity, Tradition, Sovereignty, der eksisterede kortvarigt i 2007.

Oprettet i 2015
Gruppen Nationernes og Frihedens Europa blev dannet af Vlaams Belang fra Belgien, Front national pour l'unité française fra Frankrig, Lega Nord fra Italien, Frihedspartiet fra Holland Det nye Højres Kongres fra Polen og Frihedspartiet fra Østrig samt en løsgænger, der oprindeligt var blevet valgt for det britiske uafhængighedsparti.

Ved sin oprettelse havde gruppen ingen medlemmer fra Rumænien og Bulgarien, men en rumænsk løsgænger tilsluttede sig i juli 2015.

Grupper i Europa-Parlamentet
Etableret i 2015

Gruppen Nationernes og Frihedens Europa


Moraceae este o familie in care iau parte mai multe plante. https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Castilla_elastica_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-174.jpg/220px-Castilla_elastica_-_K%C3%B6hler%E2%80%93s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-174.jpg

Note

Moraceae


Pareto şu anlamlara gelebilir:

Kişiler
 Vilfredo Pareto (1848–1923), İtalyan ekonomist, siyaset bilimci ve filozof, eserleri arasında şunlar bulunur:
Pareto ilkesi
Pareto dağılımı
 Bartolomeo Pareto, Cenova'dan bir Orta Çağ rahibi ve haritacı
 Graziella Pareto (1889–1973), Katalan soprano
 Lorenzo Pareto (1800–1865), İtalyan jeolog ve devlet adamı
 Paula Pareto (born 1986), Arjantinli judocu
 Benedetto Pareto, İtalya, Liguria'daki "Nostra Signora della Guardia Tapınağı"nın kurucusu

Diğer kullanımlar
 Pareto analizi
 Pareto, Piyemonte
 Pareto Group

Ayrıca bakınız
 Paret
 Pereto
 Perito

Pareto


Patrick getur átt við eftirfarandi:
 Patrick White
 Patrick Modiano
 Robert Patrick
 Patrick Warburton
 James Patrick Stuart
 Patrick Pearse
 Patrick M'Boma
 Neil Patrick Harris
 Patrick Süskind
 Patrick H. O'Farrell
 George Patrick Leonard Walker
 Patrick Swayze

Sjá einnig
 Patrick
Ættarnöfn
Mannanöfn

Patrick (aðgreining)


"Hakon Jarls Død eller Christendommens Indførsel i Norge" eller blot "Hakon Jarls død" er et dansk digt af Adam Oehlenschläger udgivet i samlingen Digte 1803 i 1802.

Digtsamlingen var Oehlenschlägers gennembrud og har et præg af ungdommelig lidenskab (han var blot 23 år gammel). Blandt digtene i samlingen er også "Guldhornene", og samlingen regnes normalt i dansk litteraturhistorie som indvarslingen af romantikken. Blandt temaerne i denne kulturstrømning er beundring af naturen, forherligelse af fortiden samt en national vækkelse. I det lys skal "Hakon Jarls død" ses, idet den dansk-norske fortid her er i centrum. Hakon Jarl er den historiske skikkelse Håkon jarl, der regerede Norge i de sidste par årtier i det 10. århundrede. I den periode var kristendommen ved at gøre sit indtog i Norden, og Harald Blåtand var netop gået over til den nye tro i Danmark. Harald overdrog kongemagten i Norge til Håkon, selv om denne fortsat holdt fast i den gamle tro. Norge var imidlertid et splittet land, og Håkon blev mere og mere upopulær. I et oprør, hvor blandt andet den døbte Olav Tryggvason deltog, blev Håkon trængt op i en krog og dræbt af en træl. Men i eftertiden blev den kristne Olav udnævnt til konge og kunne nu indføre kristendommen; han blev regnet for Håkons banemand. Oehlenschläger var fascineret af denne afgørende hændelse i norsk historie, måske i højere grad af undergangen af den gamle kultur, inkarneret i Hakons skikkelse, end af den nye tids komme.

Digtet består af 12 strofer på hver 10 linjer med rimmønsteret A-B-A-B-C-C-D-D-E-E.

"Hakon Jarls død" indgår i lyrikantologien af 12 digte i Kulturkanonen fra 2006.

Referencer

Digte fra Danmark
Litteratur i 1802
Kulturkanonen