ශ්‍රී පාදස්ථානය යනු සමනල කන්ද මුඳුනේ පිහිටා ඇති සිරි පතුල සහ ඒ ආශ්‍රිතව ගොඩනැගී ඇති බෞද්ධ සිද්ධස්ථානයයි. එහි බුදුරදුන්ගේ වම් සිරිපා සළකුණ පිහිටුවා ඇත.

සමනල කන්ද ( ශ්‍රී පාදය )

ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද සබරගමු පළාතේ රත්නපුර දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ මධ්‍යම කදුකර ප්‍රදේශයේ පිහිටා ඇත. එය මීටර 2243ක් පමණ උසය. ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය බෞද්ධ  යන්ගේ  පූජනීය වන්දනා ස්ථානයකි.  ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද අවට ප්‍රදේශය විශාල කඳු පන්ති වලින් වටවී ඇත. එහි අලි, කොටි, වලස්සු ආදී සත්වයෝ මෙන්ම ඒකදේශික සත්ව විශේෂ ද ජීවත් වෙති.

ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද වෙතට මාර්ග 6කින් පමණ ලඟා විය හැක. එම මාර්ග ලෙස රත්නපුර-පලාබද්දල, හැටන්-නල්ලතන්නි, කුරුවිට-එරත්න, මුර්යාවත්ත, මූකුවත්ත සහ මාලිම්බොඩ යන මාර්ග හැඳින්විය හැක. මෙම මාර්ග 6 අතරින්,  නල්ලතන්නි හා පලාබද්දල මාර්ග 2 ඉතා ප්‍රසිද්ධය.

නාමකරණය
ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානයේ ඇති ඓතිහාසික වටිනාකම නිසා විවිධ ජන වර්ග තමන්ට ආවේණික නම් වලින් ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය හදුන්වති. බෞද්ධ ජනයා "ශ්‍රීපාද" යන නාමය ඈත අතීතයේ පටන්ම එනම් බු.ව. 236 පෙර සිටම  මෙම පූජනීය කන්ද හඳුන්වති. එය පාලි භාෂාවෙන් නිර්මාණය වූ වචනයකි. බෞද්ධයන් විශ්වාස කරන පරිදි බුදුරජාණන් වහන්සේ තුන්වෙනි වරට ලක්දි වට වැඩම කල අවස්කථාවේ සමනල කඳු මුදුනේ උන් වහන්සේගේ වාම සිරි පතුල සලකුණු කොට ඇත. දමිළ වැසියන් ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය සලකන්නේ ඔවුන්ගේ දෙවි කෙනෙකු වන ශිව දෙවියන් පා සටහන සලකුණු කොට ඇති ස්ථානය ලෙසයි. නමුත් අනෙකුත් ජනයා විශ්වාස කරන්නේ ආදම් ලෝකයට පැමිණෙන විට ඔහුගේ පා සටහන කඳු මුදුනේ සලකුණු කොට ඇති බවය.
ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය සමනළ කන්ද ලෙසද හඳුන්වයි. එසේ හදුන්වන්නේ සමනළයන් උන්ගේ වාර්ශික සන්ක්‍රමණයේ දී ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානයේ වාසය කරන බව සලකන බැවිනි.
සුමන සමන් දෙවියන් ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානයේ වාසය කරන බව සලකා "සමන්ත කූට" යන නමින් ද ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය හදුන්වයි. මීට අමතරව "රත්නගිරි", "ස්වර්ගරෝහනම්" යන නම් වලින් ද ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය හදුන්වයි.නමුත් මෙහි සැබෑ අයිතිය සිංහල බෞද්ධයන් සතුය.එය ඔවුන්ගේ වසර 2500 අධික ඉතිහාසය පිරික්සා බැලීමේදී මනාව පැහැදිලි වේ.

ශ්‍රීපාදය කරුණාකිරීම

ශ්‍රීපාද කඳු මුදුනට නැගීම දුෂ්කර කටයුත්තකි. ඒ සදහා පඩි දසස් ගණනක් නැඟිය යුතු අතර කඳු මුදුනට නැගීමට පැය කිහිපයක් ගත වේ.
ශ්‍රීපාද වන්දනාව ආරම්භ වන්නේ සෑම වසරකම උදුවප් පොහෝ දිනයේදීය. වෙසක් පොහෝ දිනයෙන් එය අවසන් වේ. අනෙකුත් මාස වලදි ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද නැඟීම දුෂ්කරය. එම මාස වලදී ශ්‍රීපාද කන්දට අධික වැසි ඇද හැලෙන අතර තද සුළන් හා ඝන මීදුම පවතී.
ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද නැඟීම හා බැඳුණු සාම්ප්‍රදායික ක්‍රියා පිළිවෙත් පවති. පළමු වරට ශ්‍රීපාද නඟින වන්දනාකරු "කෝඩුකාරයා" ලෙස හඳුන්වන අතර ඔහු "සීත ගඟුල" යනුවෙන් හඳුන්වන දොළ පහරෙන් නාගත යුතුය. "ඉඳිකටු පාන" යන නමින් හදුන්වන ස්ථානයේ දී ඉඳිකටු හා නූල් සවිකර යති. කන්ද නගින අතර තුර සැදැහැවතුන් විවිධ ජන කවි ගායන කරති. කඳු මුදුනට නැඟුණු පසු තමන් ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානය වන්දනා කර ඇති වාර ගණන අනුව එහි ඇති ඝාණ්ඨාරය නාද කරති.

රාත්‍රී කාලයේදී ශ්‍රීපාද කන්ද කරුණා කීරීම අපූර්ව අත්දැකීමකි. විදුලි බුබුලු වලින් ආලෝකමත් වූ මාර්ගය වන්දනාකරුට දිස්වන්නේ තරු කරා දිවෙන මාර්ගයක් ලෙසයි. ශ්‍රීපාද වන්දනාකරුගේ අභිප්‍රාය වන්නේ සූර්ය උදාවට ප්‍රථමයෙන් කඳු මුදුනට නැගීමය. "ඉර සේවය" නමින් ජන වහරේ මෙය හදුන්වන අතර කඳු මුදුනේ දී සූර්ය උදාව නැරඹීම කිසිදා අමතක නොවන අත්දැකීමකි. හිරු එළිය කඳු මුදුනට වැටී අවට තැනිතලා භූමියේ ත්‍රිකෝණාකාර සෙවණැල්ලක් පෙන්නුම් කරයි. හිරු ඉහළට නැඟීමත් සමගම සෙවනැල්ල වේගයෙන් පහතට ගමන් කරයි.එය ඉර සේවය ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.

සබැඳි සාහිත්‍යය

සමනොලගිර, ශ්‍රිපාදය හා එය වැඳ පුදාගත් රජවරු පිළිබඳ සඳහන් සෙල්ලිපි ගණනාවකි. මහාවංශය, දීපවංශය, චූලවංශය, ආදි වංශ කතාවල හා රාජාවලිය, දඹදෙණි යුගයේ ලියවුණු සමන්ත කූට වර්ණාවේද කෝට්ටේ යුගයේ ලියැවුණු ග්‍රන්ථ ගණනාවකද දක්නට පුළුවන.ශ්‍රී පාදය පිලිබඳ මුලින්ම ලිඛිත සාක්ෂි හමුවන්නේ 4 වැනි සියවසේ රචිත පුරාතන ග්‍රන්ථයක් වන දීපවංශයේය. දීපවංශයේ, ශ්‍රී පාදය හඳුන්වා ඇත්තේ 'සමන්ත කූඨ' ලෙසිනි.තවද 5 වැනි සියවසේ රචිත මහාවංශයේ, බුදුන් වහන්සේ ශ්‍රී පාද කඳු මුදුනට වැඩි බව සඳහන් වේ.

කෝට්ටේ යුගයේ ලියැවුණු සැලළිහිණි සන්දේශයේ සමනොළ කන්ද පිළිබඳ මෙසේ දැක්වේ.

සුරරද සමන් සමගින් සුරඟන                  එවරපැහැ නද මදාරා පරසතු මල්                   පතරකරැපුද වඳින රැඳි මුනි සිරිපා                  තඹරසකිසඳ පෙනේ සමනොළ ගල      නැගෙනහිර

අපේ සාහිත්‍යයේ සුවි‍ශේෂ අංගයක් වන ඡනකවි පිළිබඳ සැළකීමේදී ද සම්බුදු සිරිපා වන්දනාවට අදාළ ඡනකවි රා ශියක් ඇති බව පෙනේ.
අපේ පැරැන්නෝ පිරී ඉතිරී ගිය ශ්‍රද්ධා භක්තියෙන්ශ්‍රී පාද වන්දනාවේ යෙදුණහ.සම්බුදු සිරිපා රැඳුණු සමනොළ කන්ද, සමන් දෙවියන් , තෙරුවන් ගුණ,ගමන්මගේ විශේෂ ස්ථාන ආදිය ඇතුළත් වු ඡනකවි වලට නිදසුන් කිහිපයකි.

බතට කන්න බැරි බතලේගල කන්ද
අලට කන්න බැරි අලගල්ලේ කන්ද
හූනට කන්න බැරි හුන්නස් ගිරි කන්ද
මෙකඳු තුනට නායක සමනොළ කන්ද

යන්ට හොඳයි තේවතු බල බලායේ
කන්ට හොඳයි පැණිරස අග්ගලායේ
ඉන්ට හොඳයි සීතල පිනි බබායේ
වැන්දොත් හොඳයි සමනොළ පිං පුරායේ

කෙසේ වෙතත් ඉතිහාසයට අනුව පළමු වෙන්ම සිරිපා වඳින්න පැමිණ ඇත්තේ ක්‍රී.පූ.29-17 අතර කාලයේදීය. එකල රජකම් කළ වළගම්බා රජතුමා ශ්‍රී පාද වන්දනාවේ යෙදුණි. ඵපමණක් නොව ශ්‍රී පාද යේ දියුණුවට ඉතා විශාල සේවයක් කළ බවත් වංශ කතා වල සඳහන් වේ.

බු.ව. 236 වන විට ශ්‍රී පාදය පූජනීය ස්ථානයක් බවට පත්වි තිබේ. පොළාන්නරු සහ දඹදෙණි යුගයන් වලදී ශ්‍රී පාද වන්දනාවට විශේෂ තැනක් හිමි වූ බව ඉතිහාසයේ සඳහන් වේ. සිරිපා වන්දනාව ගැන තොරතුරු සඳහන් වන පැරණිම සෙල් ලිපි දෙක පිහිටුවා තිබෙන්නේ පළමුවන විජයබාහු රජු විසිනි. "අඹගමුව" සහ "ගීලීමලේ' යන ප්‍රදේශවල පිහිට වූ මෙම සෙල් ලිපි පුරා විද්‍යාත්මක වශයෙන් වැදගත් වෙයි.

19 සියවසේ අග භාගය වන විටත් සිරිපා වන්දනා ගමනෙහි තිබූ දුෂ්කර බවත්, ත්‍රාස ඡනක බවත් "ටර්නර්" නැමති ලේඛකයා මේ විදිහට පවසයි.
"....................වන්දනා කරුවෝ නඩේ ගුරා අනුව කවි ගායනයේ යෙදෙමින් ගමනේ යෙදෙති.මාර්ගය රළුය, බිය ඡනකය,රුදුරු වන මෘගයන් ගෙන් ගහණය........."

ක්‍රි.ව 411-412 දක්වා ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුළ වාසය කල පාහියන් භික්ෂුවද, ශ්‍රී පාදය පිළිබඳව  සඳහන් කොට ඇති නමුත්, උන් වහන්සේ එය කරුණා කල බවක් පැහැදිලිව සටහන් කොට නොමැත. ඉතාලි ජාතික වෙළෙන්දෙක් වන මාකෝ පෝලෝ ක්‍රි.ව 1298 දී ලංකාවට පැමිණි අවස්ථාවේදී ශ්‍රී පාද කන්ද පිළිබඳව සඳහන් කොට ඇතත්, එහි පැවති පූජනීය පාද ලාංඡනයක් පිලිබඳව සඳහන්කොට නොමැත. අරාබි ජාතික දේශ ගවේශකයෙක් වන ඉබන් බතූතා ක්‍රි.ව 1344 දී ශ්‍රී පාද කන්ද තරණය කොට ඇති අතර, ඔහු පවසන පරිදි වන්දනාකරුවන්ට,ශ්‍රී පාද කන්ද කරුණා කිරීමට පඩි පෙළවල් සහ යකඩ කණු වලට සම්බන්ධ කල යකඩ දම්වැල් තනා තිබී ඇත

ප්‍රසිද්ධ රසායන විද්‍යාඥයකු වන සර් හම්ප්‍රි ඩේවිගේ සහෝදරයකු වන ජෝන් ඩේවි, 1817 දී, ශ්‍රී පාද කන්ද මුදුනටම තරණය කොට ඇත. කන්ද මුදුනේදී, ගලෙහි කැටයම් කරන ලද මැණික් ගල් ඔබ්බවන ලද, පිත්තල වලින් අලංකෘත කරන ලද සාමන්‍ය මිනිස් පාදයකට වඩා තරමක් විශාල පාද ලාංඡනයක් හමු වූ බව ඔහුගේ වාර්ථා වල සඳහන් වේ.

රාවණා රජු එකල ලංකාව පාලනය කරන සමයෙහි සිය අගනුවර තුළ පිහිටි ත්‍රිකූඨ පර්වතය ලෙස හඳුන්වා ඇත්තේ මෙම ශ්‍රී පාදය බවද පුරාවෘත වල සඳහන් වේ

සිරිපා වන්දනාවේ යන බැතිමත්හු යොදා ගෙන ඇති විශේෂිත වදන් කිහිපයකි. නඩේ, නඩේ ගුරා, කෝඩු, කිරි කෝඩු ,සැහැල්ලුව, හිමේ, කරුණාවයි, පේවීම, කට වරද්දා ගැනීම, කෝඩේ, අම්බලම, පද්මය ඉන් කිහිපයකි.වන්දනාකරුවෝ සිරිපා ගමනේදී එකිනෙකට සුමන සමන් දෙවිඳුන් ගේ පිහිට ප්‍රාර්ථනා කරති. බෞද්ධයන් විශ්වාස කරන පරිදි බුදුරජාණන් වහන්සේගේ ශ්‍රීපතුල, ශ්‍රීපාදස්ථානයට අරක්ගෙන සිටින සුමන සමන් දෙවියන් විසින් ආරක්ෂා කරගෙන කඳු මුදුනේ වාසය කරයි.

මේවාද බලන්න
 සිරි පතුල
 සමනල කන්ද

ශ්‍රී පාදස්ථානය


Das Ksawer-Palais (auch Ksawerów-Palais bzw. Ksawer- oder Ksawerów-Herrenhaus, polnisch: Pałacyk Ksawerów oder Dwór Ksawerów) ist ein denkmalgeschütztes Herrenhaus in der Warschauer Ulica Ksawerów 13. Er gehört zu den wenigen repräsentativen historischen Gebäuden im Stadtteil Mokotów und liegt rund 500 Meter südwestlich des größeren Królikarnia-Palastes. Nach ihm wurde das Wohngebiet Ksawerów benannt.

Geschichte
Das Herrenhaus der Familie Xawery (auch Ksawery) Pusłowski wurde etwa 1840 erbaut. Später wurde an das klassischen Formen folgende, auf einem viereckigen Grundriss stehende Herrenhaus ein vertikaler Hinterhausflügel angebaut. Das umgebende Dorf wurde als Ksawerów bezeichnet – der Name ist bis heute als Teil des Distriktes Mokotów erhalten. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde das Palais sowohl beim Angriff auf Warschau im Jahr 1939 wie auch im Rahmen der Kämpfe des Warschauer Aufstandes 1944 beschädigt. Nach dem Krieg wurde das Gebäude wieder instand gesetzt.

Es ist im klassizistischen Landhaus-Stil der Zeit gehalten. Der Erdgeschossbau verfügt an seiner ostwärtigen Eingangsfront über einen viersäuligen, ionischen Portikus. Das Gebäudeensemble liegt in einem rund 8.000 Quadratmeter großen Park, der im Osten von der Ulica Wielicka und im Westen von der Rückseite von an der Aleja Niepodległości errichteten Mietshochhäusern der Nachkriegszeit umgeben ist. Im Norden verläuft die Ksawerów.

Heute befindet sich im Gebäude der Sitz der Denkmalschutz-Abteilung des Ministeriums für Kultur und Nationales Erbe (polnisch: Ministerstwo Kultury i Dziedzictwa Narodowego, Departament Ochrony Zabytków).

Einzelnachweise und Anmerkungen

Siehe auch
 Liste der Paläste in Warschau

Literatur
 Julius A. Chroscicki und Andrzej Rottermund, Architekturatlas von Warschau, 1. Auflage, Arkady, Warschau 1978, S. 88

Weblinks

 Kurzbeschreibung bei Pascal.pl (in Polnisch)

Mokotów
Palast in Warschau
Erbaut in den 1840er Jahren
Klassizistisches Bauwerk in Warschau
Kulturdenkmal in Warschau

Ksawer-Palais


Julio César Alak (* 9. Januar 1958 in Buenos Aires) ist ein argentinischer Politiker.

Leben
Alak studierte Rechtswissenschaften an der Universidad Nacional de La Plata. 1984 wurde er Mitglied der Partido Justicialista. Vom 10. Dezember 1991 bis zum 10. Dezember 2007 war Alak als Nachfolger von Pablo Pinto Bürgermeister der Stadt La Plata. Ihm folgte im Amt Pablo Bruera. Von 2009 bis 2015 war er als Nachfolger von Aníbal Fernández Justizminister in der Regierung von Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. Seit 2019 ist er Justizminister für die Regierung der Provinz Buenos Aires unter Axel Kicillof. Er ist verheiratet und hat drei Kinder.

Einzelnachweise

Justizminister (Argentinien)
Bürgermeister (La Plata, Argentinien)
Argentinier
Geboren 1958
Mann

Julio Alak


Modelparken Danmark er et parkanlæg med minitog ved Egå nord for Aarhus. I sommerhalvåret kan de besøgende køre rundt i parken med forskellige tog i størrelsesforholdene 1:4 og 1:8. Baneanlægget er på 550 meter og er desuden forsynet med remise, værksted, en jernbaneoverskæring med bomme og et stationsområde med billethus.

De fleste af banens tog ejes af medlemmer af foreningen Modelparken Danmark, der driver parken. Der er tre damplokomotiver, der drives rigtigt med kul og vand. Andre lokomotiver drives med diesel eller benzin, men det mest udbredte er batterier. Nogle af togene har danske forbilleder, for eksempel DSB's motorvogn litra MO og en bornholmsk rangertraktor, mens andre har udenlandske forbilleder, så som et tysk damplokomotiv fra industribaner og et australsk diesellokomotiv. DSB Traktor 57 med den tilhørende pengeskabsvogn fra spillefilmen Olsen-banden på sporet er også repræsenteret. Blandt de nyere indslag er et letbanetog fra Aarhus Letbane. Der er dog også enkelte fiktive tog så som et bamsetog.

Foreningen Modelparken Danmark blev etableret under navnet Viby Minitog i 2002 og kørte til at begynde med på en transportabel bane. I 2009 indgik foreningen en lejeaftale med et gartneri ved Egå om et stykke jord, hvor der kunne anlægges en permanent bane. Jordarbejdet gik i gang i april 2010, og efterfølgende anlagdes der spor, remise, værksted, billethus mv. Desuden blev området givet parkkarakter med blomsterbede og kuperede græsplæner. I pinsen 2012 kunne foreningen, der havde skiftet navn til Modelparken Danmark, så åbne officielt for driften. På sigt er det meningen, at parken skal udbygges med yderligere spor og baner, ligesom det er tanken at anlægge et vandløb igennem den.

Eksterne henvisninger

 Modelparken Danmark

Noter

Modeljernbane
Aarhus Kommune
Etableret i 2012
Seværdigheder i Danmark
Parker i Danmark

Modelparken Danmark


Özel Bankacılık, sermayesi kamuya ait olmayan, özel teşebbüs olarak faaliyet gösteren bankacılıktır.

Kamu bankalarından farklı olarak kâr etme amacı, kredilendirme aracılığı ile ekonomiyi yönlendirme amacının önündedir. Türkiye'de 2001 Krizinden sonra Özel Bankaclık alanı BDDK'nın koymuş olduğu düzenlemeler ile disipline edilmiştir. Bu nedenle günümüz bankacılık sektöründe güvenin sağlanmasında, bu düzenlemeler çerçevesinde denetim yapan müfettişlerin önemi büyüktür.

Bankacılık

Özel Bankacılık


Svijet

Otkrića

Osnivanja

Događaji

Nagrade i priznanja

 Nobelova nagrada za kemiju:

Rođenja

Smrti

 1. studenoga  Severo Ochoa, španjolsko-američki biokemičar (* )

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Otkrića

Osnivanja

Događaji

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Kemija u 1993.


was a town located in Watarai District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 7,440 and a density of 55.92 persons per km². The total area was 133.04 km².

On October 1, 2005, Nantō, along with the town of Nansei (also from Watarai District), was merged to create the town of Minamiise and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

External links
 Official website of Minamiise

Dissolved municipalities of Mie Prefecture

Nantō, Mie


Matifadza (Mati) Hlatshwayo Davis (née en 1982) est une médecin américaine d'origine zimbabwéenne et une experte en santé publique du Missouri. Sa sous-spécialité est les maladies infectieuses, avec un accent sur l'engagement communautaire pour lutter contre les disparités en matière de santé parmi les personnes issues de groupes historiquement marginalisés. Elle est directrice de la santé pour le département de la santé de la ville de Saint-Louis.

Enfance et éducation
Hlatshwayo Davis est née à Harare, au Zimbabwe, de sa mère Macyline Mubika Cannon et de son père Gaylord Themba Hlatshwayo. Elle était étudiante de premier cycle à l', où elle s'est spécialisée en chimie et en biologie avec distinction. Hlatshwayo Davis a étudié la médecine au . Pendant son séjour, elle a également obtenu une maîtrise en santé publique à l'université Case Western Reserve. Après avoir terminé sa résidence en médecine interne au , Hlatshwayo Davis a obtenu une bourse de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses à la faculté de médecine de l'université de Washington. Elle s'est spécialisée dans la prise en charge des personnes vivant avec le VIH et les infections sexuellement transmissibles.

Elle est mariée au Dr Jesse Davis, un hospitaliste néonatal à l'hôpital pour enfants de St. Louis, Missouri. Le couple a deux filles.

Carrière
Hlatshwayo Davis a été nommée à la faculté de la Washington University School of Medicine de 2019 à 2021. Au cours de cette période, elle a également été nommée à la direction du Bureau de la diversité et de l'inclusion, où elle a créé une politique visant à lutter contre les préjugés parmi les patients et les médecins.

Hlatshwayo Davis a également été clinicien principal sur le VIH, coordinateur de la formation médicale supérieure et superviseur de l'antibiothérapie parentérale ambulatoire au John Cochran VA Medical Center à St. Louis pendant cette période de 2019 à 2021.

Elle a précédemment siégé au comité directeur puis coprésident de l'initiative Fast Track Cities, St. Louis, qui vise à mettre fin à l'épidémie de VIH d'ici 2030. Le programme s'associe aux services de santé locaux et aux organisations communautaires axées sur les soins aux personnes vivant avec le VIH. En 2020, elle a dirigé le lancement d'un tableau de bord de données sur le VIH qui rend compte de la proportion de personnes vivant avec le VIH qui connaissaient leur statut, avaient eu accès à un traitement et avaient atteint la suppression virale aux niveaux local, régional et étatique.

Hlatshwayo Davis a été nommée au conseil de santé de la ville de St. Louis de 2020 à 2021, qui supervise les normes de santé publique pour la ville et la région. Pendant la pandémie COVID-19, elle a commencé à se concentrer sur l'engagement communautaire COVID-19, en particulier dans les groupes historiquement marginalisés.

Elle a été nommée directrice de la santé du département de la santé de la ville de Saint-Louis en octobre 2021. Elle a cherché à affronter la pandémie de COVID-19 et d'autres crises de santé publique, notamment la violence armée, les infections sexuellement transmissibles et la santé comportementale.

Hlatshwayo Davis est également rédactrice en chef adjointe de la section Disparities and Culturally Competent Care du Real Time Learning Network, pour une subvention de l' et du Centres pour le contrôle et la prévention des maladies (CDC).

Elle est contributrice médicale pour diverses chaînes d'information, notamment CNN, BBC et Al Jazeera. Elle a également publié des éditoriaux d'opinion pour Newsweek.

Références

Liens externes

Étudiant de l'université Case Western Reserve
Naissance en 1982
Femme médecin américaine
Personnalité féminine zimbabwéenne

Mati Hlatshwayo Davis


est un téléfilm américain réalisé par Richard Benjamin, diffusé pour la première fois en 2006 sur Lifetime.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre :
 Réalisation : Richard Benjamin
 Scénario : Randy Stone et Teena Booth d'après le livre de Jeanne King
 Photographie :
 Musique : John Frizzell
 Pays d'origine : États-Unis
 Genre : comédie dramatique
 Date de première diffusion : 2006

Distribution
 Judy Davis : Sante Kimes
 Jonathan Jackson : Kenny Kimes
 Chelcie Ross : Ken Sr.
 Cynthia Stevenson : Beverly Bates
 Garry Chalk : Jake
 John Furey : Lt. Harold Evans
 Alexander Ludwig : Kenny à 11-12 ans
 Allison Hossack : Procureur Eleanor Hunt
 Christine Willes : Loretta
 Karin Konoval : Juge
 Ryan Robbins : Shawn Little
 Jerry Wasserman : Jack Reynolds
 Dan Joffre : policier
 Jody Thompson : la présidente
 Aaron Pearl : Shériff
 Ryan Kennedy : Randy Bates

Liens externes

Téléfilm américain des années 2000
Téléfilm diffusé en 2006
Téléfilm de comédie dramatique

A Little Thing Called Murder


Katharina af Brandenburg-Küstrin (10. august 1549 - 30. september 1602) var en kurfurstinde af Brandenburg, gift 8. januar 1570 med kurfyrste Joachim Frederik af Brandenburg.

Hun var den yngste af to døtre af markgreve Johan af Brandenburg-Küstrin og hans hustru Katarina af Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel.

Katharina bedrev velgørenhed for fattige, oprettede mejeriet Wedding i Berlin og et apotek i slottet, som distribuerede gratis medicin til nødlidte.

Hun blev begravet den 13. oktober 1602 i det Hohenzollerska gravkor i Berliner Dom, Berlins domkirke.

Børn
 Johan Sigismund (1572-1619), kurfyrste af Brandenburg 1608-1619
 Anna Katharina (1575-1612), gift med kong Christian IV af Danmark
 Johan Georg (1577-1624), hertug af Krnov 1606-1622
 August Fredrik (1580-1601)
 Albrekt Fredrik (1582-1600)
 Joakim (1583-1600)
 Ernst (1583-1613)
 Barbara Sofia (1584-1636), gift med hertug Johan Frederik af Württemberg
 Kristian Vilhelm (1587-1665), ærkebiskop af Magdeburg 1598-1631

Kurfyrstinder
Brandenburg
Huset Hohenzollern

Katharina af Brandenburg-Küstrin


Oy Wasawings Ab was an airline based in Finland which was operational from 1981 to 1988.

History
The airline got its permission to fly in November 1981 from the Civil Aviation Administration of Finland. After that this permission was extended to also include taxi and charter flights by 1982 to 1983. In December 1983 Wasawings started regular light route traffic between Ilmajoki and Helsinki-Vantaa. It flew from Helsinki to Ylivieska in 1985. After that many complaints of the company operation were received from customers and staff. The company had a poor security culture and airline captains were forced to shift numbers in flight logs. The company's main owners were the chairman Veikko Tuutti and certain companies from Ostrobothnia. Also it had numerous small-part investors. Wasa Wings had 13,000 passengers in 1987 and 14,600 passengers in 1988.

Accidents and incidents
On August 31, 1986 its Cessna 404 Titan (OH-CIG) crashed into a power line which ran along the edge of the Ylivieska airport. The plane cut trees over 150 meters and then caught fire.
The company lost its flying licence when a second crash which killed 6 people on November 14, 1988 in Ilmajoki for its Embraer 110 EMB-P1 Bandeirante (OH-EBA, built in 1979 and leased from Kar-Air).

Fleet
In addition to Embraer and Cessna 404, the company had two Beech 99 aircraft.

References

Lappalainen, Tuomo. Kuinka kauan tämä yhtiö saa lentää? Suomen Kuvalehti. 1988-11-18, n:o 46, s. 61. Helsinki: Yhtyneet Kuvalehdet Oy. .
Onnettomuustutkintaselostus, basic facts in 2.1.1.—2.1.7
http://baaa-acro.com/Immatriculations/OH%20-%20Finlande.htm
http://vfinn.fsnordic.net/vwings/0303/5.php
Picture of the crashed aircraft
Airliners.net photos 1
Airliners.net photos 2
Airliners.net photos 3

Defunct airlines of Finland
Airlines established in 1981
Airlines disestablished in 1988
1981 establishments in Finland
1988 disestablishments in Finland
Finnish companies established in 1981

Wasawings


An Alocasia princeps in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni William Bull. An Alocasia princeps in nahilalakip ha genus nga Alocasia, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Alocasia

Alocasia princeps


Ilnur Asatovitj Sakarin (russisk: Ильнур Азатович Закарин; født 15. september 1989) er en russisk tidligere cykelrytter. I 2007 vandt han europamesterskabet i enkeltstart for juniorer.

Karriere
I 2009 blev han testet positiv for doping for brug af det anabolske steroid Dianabol og blev udelukket fra sporten i to år af det russiske cykelforbund. Han vendte tilbage til cykelsporten i 2011 og året efter fik han kontrakt med Itera-Katusha. I 2013-14 kørte han for RusVelo og fra 2015 kørte han for Team Katusha-Alpecin.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Mandlige cykelryttere fra Rusland

Ilnur Sakarin


Prisoners of Gravity was a Canadian television news magazine program. Produced by TVOntario, the show was created by Mark Askwith and Daniel Richler, and was hosted by Rick Green. The series aired 139 episodes over five seasons from 1989 to 1994.

The series explored speculative fiction—science fiction, fantasy, horror, comic books—and its relation to various thematic and social issues.

Format

As established through a comic-strip montage opening sequence drawn by Ty Templeton, the premise held that Rick, a fan of speculative fiction, becomes disturbed by news broadcasts describing the alarming state of the world and decides that he must escape the Earth. He broadcasts his show each week, with help from his computer companion Nan-Cy (short for NANo-CYbernetic 3000), from an orbiting space station. The show's presentation was fully wrapped in its quirky premise, featuring on-screen graphics and background sounds to simulate a space station atmosphere, "using active, innovative cinematography to ease the visual boredom that often accompanies interviews with talking head(s)."

The week's topic was introduced with a few opening thoughts before launching into various interview clips. In each episode, Rick would interview a number of authors and artists, along with filmmakers, animators, and the occasional futurist. Topics that were discussed ran the gamut: censorship, superheroes, humour, religion, fairy tales, Mars, cyberpunk, war, overpopulation, and sex. Episodes were 30 minutes in length (having no commercial breaks on public television) and typically showcased six to fourteen interviewed creators alongside bridging commentary from Rick. Roughly six hundred interviews were conducted and aired by the time the show's run came to an end.

Production

The series was produced by TV Ontario, a public broadcasting station.

The interviews were conducted at science fiction and comic book conventions by production team members Mark Askwith, Shirley Brady, and Gregg Thurlbeck. The majority of the shows were edited by Brian Karn. The series was produced and directed by Jamie Mandelkau (season 1) and by Gregg Thurlbeck (seasons 2 through 5).

Episodes

Interviews

During its run, the list of authors interviewed became increasingly prestigious, including Clive Barker, George R.R. Martin, Ray Bradbury, David Brin, Charles de Lint, Harlan Ellison, Douglas Adams, William Gibson, Frederik Pohl, Terry Pratchett, Anne Rice, Spider Robinson, and Robert J. Sawyer, who was the most frequent guest on the program. Among the many interviewed comic book creators were Chris Claremont, Will Eisner, Neil Gaiman (who was twice selected as the fan-favourite guest in a viewership mail-in vote), Bob Kane, Jack Kirby, Stan Lee, Daniel Clowes, Fabian Nicieza, Walt Simonson, Scott McCloud, Frank Miller, and Alan Moore. Other notable guests included Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry and actor Michael Dorn, film directors James Cameron and David Cronenberg, award-winning CGI animator Steve 'Spaz' Williams, and renowned palaeontologist Richard Leakey.

Awards
The program was critically successful and won several awards, including the following:

 Two Prix Aurora Awards
 A Broadcast Media Award from the International Reading Association
 A Silver Medal from the New York Festivals of Television
 Two Gemini nominations.
 An Honourable Mention from the Columbus International Film & Video Festival

Cancellation

The show was cancelled in 1994 for unspecified reasons, possibly relating to TVOntario's intended programming diversification. According to Rick Green, the signature chair from the space station sat in his garage until "raccoons pooed all over it..." and it was discarded.

Availability

In the 1990s, the series premiered with select episodes from Season 2 onward being broadcast in the United States on PBS, and in Canada on the sci-fi specialty channel Space (which producer Mark Askwith had gone on to develop and continues to helm) and on Discovery Channel Canada.

Due to contractual restrictions made with interviewees at the time of the show's production, there is no commercial release on video or DVD. In 2011, TVOntario posted several episodes from the series in a lower resolution in their public archives. In addition, many episodes (bar the first series) are available for viewing by appointment at The Merril Collection of Science Fiction, Speculation and Fantasy  public library located in downtown Toronto, Canada. The Merril Collection's tapes are reputed to be Askwith's own, donated to the collection for preservation. Interview clips from the show are also included with the CD-ROM in newer editions of The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction by John Clute.

References

External links
TVOntario: The Public Archive: Prisoners of Gravity
Prisoners of Gravity page on Robert J. Sawyer's web site
Signal Loss, a Prisoners of Gravity fan site. (Archive)
 Prisoners of Gravity page on a web site about Canadian SF
 an interview with Mark Askwith

1989 Canadian television series debuts
1994 Canadian television series endings
1980s Canadian science fiction television series
1990s Canadian science fiction television series
TVO original programming
1980s Canadian documentary television series
1990s Canadian documentary television series

Prisoners of Gravity


Beate Hermelin (1919-2007), psychologue allemande
 Honorine Hermelin (1886-1977), directrice d'école suédoise
 Paul Hermelin (1952-), homme d'affaires franco-belge
 Samuel Gustaf Hermelin (1744-1820), diplomate suédois
Patronyme suédois

Hermelin


Karri Kathleen Turner (born December 21, 1966) is an American television actress who is best known for playing Lieutenant Harriet Sims in the television series JAG (1997–2005).

Biography

Turner was born in Fort Worth, Texas and raised in Bentonville, Arkansas. She originally considered a Drama/Tele/Film degree at Oklahoma's Oral Roberts University before committing entirely to acting and moving to southern California to attend the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. At one time, she was a member of The Groundlings, a California improvisational comedy troupe.

Her recent film credits include Get Smart and An American Carol. She has had extensive stage experience in such plays as Godspell and Charley's Aunt, and appeared in 2003 as Susan in the award-winning comic short The Date. She has also had recurring roles in Caroline in the City, The X-Files and South Park.

She accompanied comedians Kathy Griffin and Michael McDonald to Iraq to perform for troops serving for the United States stationed there, a performance broadcast as part of Griffin's series My Life on the D-List and has completed 13 USO tours as of 2012, as well as work for other groups such as the young challenge program Nation Guard, American Freedom Foundation and five tours with Stars for Stripes.

In January 2020 it was revealed that Turner would return to her acting career with an appearance in the NCIS episode "In the Wind", as "Micki Kaydar".

Partial filmography

Film

Television

Live-action

Animated

Video game

References

External links

1966 births
American television actresses
Living people
People from Bentonville, Arkansas
Actresses from Fort Worth, Texas
Oral Roberts University alumni
21st-century American women

Karri Turner


Kozyatağı, İstanbul'un en büyük ilçelerinden biri olan Kadıköy'e bağlı olan, 1980'lerden sonra gelişimini hızlandırmış, konut bölgesi olmasının yanı sıra ofis binalarının da yer aldığı bir semt ve aynı adlı mahalle.

Semt olarak (Kozyatağı ve 19 Mayıs mahalleleri), kuzey ve kuzeydoğuda D-100 Karayolu (E-5 Karayolu ), kuzeybatıda Sahrayıcedit, batıda Erenköy, güneyde Şemsettin Günaltay Caddesi (Minibüs Caddesi) ile ayrıldığı Suadiye, doğuda ise Bostancı mahalleleri ile sınırlanmıştır. Kozyatağı D-100 Karayolu kuzeyindeki Ataşehir'e bağlı İçerenköy Mahallesi ile de komşudur.

Geçmişi
Kozyatağı, Kadıköy'ün Marmara sahillerinin iç kısımlarında, 1970'li yıllara kadar çoğunlukla tarımsal amaçla kullanılan ve yararlanılan bir yer, bir kırsal alan olarak var olagelmiştir. Çevrenin bütünüyle yapılaştığı zamanlara kadar havasının temizliği ile tanınan Kozyatağı'nın adının, yörede bir vakitler bol miktarda olduğu söylenen ceviz ağaçlarından (koz:ceviz) geldiği sanılmaktadır. Kozyatağı uzun süre, civarındaki Erenköy vb kırsal yerleşmeler gibi yer yer bağ, bahçe ve bostanlarla kaplı bir tarım arazisi olarak varlığını sürdürmüştür. 1776 tarihli Kauffer Haritası'nda buradaki boş araziler görülmektedir.

19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren hat boylarında yeni yerleşmeler belirir ve Kızıltoprak'tan Bostancı'ya kadar geniş araziler içinde köşkler inşa edilirken bile, Kozyatağı, oldukça içeride kalması ve demiryoluna uzak olması nedeniyle, tarım arazisi ve çayırlık özelliğini büyük ölçüde korumuştur. 19. yüzyılın sonlarında Erenköy-Bağlarbaşı yolu ile Şakacı Sokağı'nın Şemsettin Günaltay Caddesi ile birleştiği noktada basit bir çarşı ve küçük bir yerleşme nüvesi ortaya çıkmış ve burada, 1895'te Şeyh Süleyman Halim Efendi tarafından bir cami inşa edilmiştir. 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında, Göztepe ve Erenköy kadar olmasa da, Kozyatağı'nda tek tük köşkler inşa edildiği, dönemin önde gelen yöneticilerinin yöreye yerleştikleri görülür. Hassa Mirlivası Seyyid Paşa, 1863 ya da 1864'te İçerenköy-Kozyatağı-Sahrayıcedit yolu üzerinde bir çeşme; II. Abdülhamid dönemi (1876-1909) maliye nazırlarından Ahmed Reşid Paşa da 1902'de bir başka çeşme yaptırmıştır. Dahiliye Nazırı Memduh Paşa da bu dönemde bir köşk yaptırarak Kozyatağı'na yerleşmiştir. Kozyatağı'na yerleşmiş bir diğer ünlü kişi de 1897 Türk-Yunan Savaşı'nın Dömeke kahramanı Gazi Ethem Paşa'dır. Bugün semtte, kendi adını ve Dömeke adlarını taşıyan iki sokak bulunmaktadır. 19. yüzyılın sonlarında kırsal karakterli bir diğer yerleşme nüvesi de, Kozyatağı'nın kuzeyinde o zamanki Üsküdar-İçerenköy yolu yakınlarında ortaya çıkar. Daha kuzeyde ise, Nadir Ağa Çiftliği olarak bilinen geniş araziler uzanmaktadır ki, bu arazinin bir kısmı üzerine daha sonra PTT Hastanesi (bugün Fatih Sultan Mehmet Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi) inşa edilmiştir.

1906'da, Kozyatağı 150 hektar genişlikte ayrı bir mahalle oldu. Mahallenin ilk muhtarı Süleyman Efendi Camii İmamı, Hafız Hasan Naci Efendi'dir. Şehremaneti Kadıköy Dairesi Başkanı Celal Esad Arseven 1913 tarihli Kadıköy Hakkında Tetkikat-ı Belediyye adlı çalışmasına göre, o tarihlerde Kozyatağı'nda 567'si erkek, 470'i kadın toplam 1.037 kişi yaşamaktadır ve 317 hane ile 20 dükkân vardır. 1910'da yapılan sağlık taramasına göre de Kozyatağı Kadıköy'de bulaşıcı hastalığa rastlanmayan tek mahalledir.

Kozyatağı 1970'lere kadar geniş çaplı bir yapılaşmanın görülmediği oldukça durağan bir mekansal yapıya sahip olmuştur. 1973'te Boğaziçi Köprüsü ve çevreyolunun hizmete girmesi ile Kadıköy'ün bir yerleşme alanı olarak cazibesinin artması ve 1972 tarihli Erenköy-Bostancı Bölgeleme İmar Planı ile de yapı yoğunluklarının artırılması sonucu, Kozyatağı bölgesi de Göztepe ve Sahrayıcedit gibi semtlerle birlikte yoğun bir yapılaşmaya sahne olmuştur. Yüksek yapılaşmaya izin verilmesi, 1970'lerden itibaren Kozyatağı'nda toplukonut siteleri ve apartmanlardan oluşan çok katlı ve yoğun bir yapılaşma deseni ortaya çıkarmıştır.

Kozyatağı 1989'da, D-100 Karayolu'nu Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsü'ne giden O-2 Otoyolu'na bağlayan Kozyatağı Kavşağı ve çevreyolu bağlantısının hizmete girişiyle büyük bir ulaşım kolaylığına kavuşmuş ve özellikle ofis ve ticari kullanımlar için yeni, cazip bir merkez olmuştur. D-100 Karayolu boyunca yoğunlaşan ofis binalarına ilave olarak Kozyatağı Kavşağı çevresinde de geniş alanlara yayılan alışveriş merkezleri inşa edilmiştir. Kozyatağı günümüzde konut ağırlıklı bir yerleşme olmasına karşın, ticari ve ofis türü kullanımlar için de Anadolu yakasında, süratle yeni bir gelişme odağı haline gelmektedir.

20. yüzyılın başında nüfus büyüklüğü açısından Kadıköy'ün 11 mahallesi arasında 9. sırada yer alan Kozyatağı, 2014 yılı itibarıyla 36.358 olan nüfusuyla Kadıköy'ün 21 mahallesi arasında Göztepe'nin ardından en büyük 2. mahalledir. 1991 yılına dek bugünkü 19 Mayıs Mahallesini de içeren Kozyatağı Mahallesi nüfus artışı ve hızlı yapılaşma sebebiyle ikiye bölünmüş ve 19 Mayıs mahallesi ortaya çıkmıştır.

Mahalle 56 sokak ve 4 caddeden oluşmaktadır. 3 İlköğretim Okulu (Kozyatağı Şükran Karabelli İlkokulu, İlhami Ertem Ortaokulu, Hakkı Değer Ortaokulu) ve 1 Özel Eğitim Kurumu, ayrıca iki adet cami (Mehmet Çavuş Modern Merkez Camisi ve Hacı İsmail Kurt Camisi) bulunmaktadır.

Kadıköy - Kartal metro hattı'nın istasyonlarından biri olan Kozyatağı İstasyonu, Yenisahra ile Bostancı istasyonları arasında yer almaktadır. 2020'de açılması planlanan Bostancı - Parseller metro hattının bir istasyonu da Kozyatağı'nda olacaktır.

Kaynakça

https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Genel Mahalle Listesi, T.C.İçişleri Bakanlığı, Mart 2020.

Kadıköy'ün mahalleleri

Kozyatağı


An Porroglossum marniae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carlyle August Luer. An Porroglossum marniae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Porroglossum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Porroglossum

Porroglossum marniae


HMS Tireless was the third  nuclear submarine of the Royal Navy. Tireless is the second submarine of the Royal Navy to bear this name. Launched in March 1984, Tireless was sponsored by Sue Squires, wife of Admiral 'Tubby' Squires, and commissioned in October 1985.

During the Cold War Tireless was primarily involved in anti-submarine warfare patrols in the Atlantic Ocean. After the Cold War, Tireless was deployed around the world, including to the Arctic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and Pacific Ocean. At the end of its career, Tireless was involved in the search for the missing airliner, Malaysia Airlines Flight 370. The vessel experienced a number of serious accidents during its operational life.

Tireless had been scheduled for retirement during 2013, but its service was extended until eventual  decommissioning on 19 June 2014. Tireless was replaced on active duty by HMS Artful.

Operational history
From commissioning in 1985, Tireless completed numerous exercises and visits around the world, including a trip to the Arctic in 1991, before entering  a refit in early 1996, returning to sea in 1999.

Primary coolant leak
In May 2000, Tireless developed a serious leak in the nuclear reactor primary cooling circuit, although there was no leak of radioactive material. The nuclear propulsion system was shut down and using backup diesel power Tireless made way to Gibraltar. The damage was found to be more extensive than first thought, and the boat remained there pending repairs. This created diplomatic tension between Spain and Britain, until the submarine departed on 7 May 2001 after almost a year of extensive repairwork. During that year, all s were inspected for similar problems.

Collision with iceberg
On 13 May 2003, while on exercise in the Arctic and travelling at a depth of 60 metres, Tireless collided with an iceberg. There was no prior warning of the impending collision from passive sonar or other onboard sensors. The submarine's bow was forced down nine degrees and the vessel subsequently broke free of the iceberg at a depth of 78 metres. Some damage was sustained to the upper section of the boat. Before the incident, the Royal Navy had not conducted under-ice operations since 1996.

On 19 April 2004, Tireless and  rendezvoused under the Arctic ice and surfaced together at the North Pole.

Tireless again angered Spain in 2004 when the boat put into Gibraltar from 9 to 15 July for what was explained as "technical reasons." Britain assured Spain that the port call was unrelated to the British celebrations, on 21 July, of the 300th anniversary of Spain handing over Gibraltar to Britain.

March 2007 explosion
In 2007 Tireless ventured to the North Pole with  to participate in the Applied Physics Laboratory Ice Station (APLIS). On 21 March, two Tireless crew members, Leading Weapons Engineer Paul McCann and Weapons Engineer 2 Anthony Huntrod (Weapons Submariner) were killed in an explosion on board, apparently caused by an oxygen generator candle in the forward section of the submarine. The boat was in service near the North Pole under ICEX-07 along with the USS Alexandria and had to make an emergency surface through the ice cap. A third crewmember suffered "non life-threatening" injuries and was airlifted to a military hospital at Elmendorf Air Force Base near Anchorage, Alaska.

According to the Royal Navy, the accident did not affect the submarine's nuclear reactor, and the boat sustained only superficial damage. Part of the exercise was being used to measure ice thickness by using sonar. The film Stargate: Continuum—which was filming on the ice and in the Alexandria during the exercise—was dedicated to McCann and Huntrod.

2010-2011 deployment

From 9 July 2010 to 12 May 2011, Tireless undertook a ten-month deployment, spending 253 days at sea, the longest conducted by a Royal Navy submarine in ten years. During the deployment the boat passed through the Suez Canal for the first time, provided protection for the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle launching aircraft over Afghanistan, and called into the ports of Fujairah in the United Arab Emirates, Goa in India and Souda Bay in Crete. Tireless was also involved in a multi-nation anti-submarine exercise in the Gulf of Oman which saw the Australian frigate HMAS Melbourne and the French frigate FS Dupleix attempt to locate the submarine.

2012 South Atlantic deployment
In February 2012, it was reported that either Tireless or HMS Turbulent was being deployed to the Falkland Islands amid increasing tension between Argentina and the United Kingdom over sovereignty of the islands.

However HMS Tireless surfaced in Southampton in March, conducting towed array sonar calibration and testing in the Bay of Biscay before returning to Devonport.

2013 Coolant leak
In early 2013 Tireless experienced a "small coolant leak that was contained within the sealed reactor compartment", requiring a return to HMNB Devonport for repair.

2013 Mediterranean deployment
Tireless was spotted off the Rock of Gibraltar amidst the tensions between Spain and the UK over the disputed territory of Gibraltar. It was suggested that this SSN could be a key vessel used to strike Syria if military action occurred.

2014 Indian Ocean search - Malaysian Airlines flight MH370
On 1 April 2014, Tireless arrived in the southern Indian Ocean to join the search for a missing Malaysian airliner, where its sophisticated underwater listening equipment was used in an unsuccessful attempt to detect the underwater locator beacon of the aircraft's flight recorders.

Final return to Plymouth

On 1 June 2014 Tireless returned to Plymouth for the last time before decommissioning, and was formally decommissioned on 19 June.

Tireless''' final operations saw visits to Gibraltar, Crete, India, Jordan, the UAE and Australia.Tireless'' was moved in 2020 to a basin within Devonport dockyard often referred to as "the graveyard".

References

External links

 Royal Navy HMS Tireless (royalnavy.mod.uk)

Trafalgar-class submarines
Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
1984 ships
Cold War submarines of the United Kingdom
2000 in Gibraltar
2001 in Gibraltar
British submarine accidents
Maritime incidents in 2007
Vessels involved in the search for Malaysia Airlines Flight 370

HMS Tireless (S88)


Doctor Faustus may refer to:

The character Faust
Dr. Johann Georg Faust (c. 1480 or 1466–1541), widely considered to be an inspiration for the character Faust
Doctor Faustus (play), a 1592 play, also known as The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus, by Christopher Marlowe
Goethe's Faust, a two-part play by Goethe
Doctor Faustus (novel), a 1947 novel by Thomas Mann
Doctor Faustus (1967 film), a 1967 film directed by Richard Burton and Nevill Coghill
Doctor Faustus (1982 film), a 1982 film directed by Franz Seitz
Doktor Faust, an opera by Ferruccio Busoni
Doctor Faustus (comics), a character in the Marvel Universe
Dr Faustus, a folk music band that preceded Faustus
Il Dottor Faust, a 2018 play by Menotti Lerro

See also
Faustus (disambiguation)

Doctor Faustus


An Pucciphippsia czukczorum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Nikolai Nikolaievich Tzvelev. An Pucciphippsia czukczorum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pucciphippsia, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pucciphippsia

Pucciphippsia czukczorum


Kacper Wierzchoś, né 1988 à Lublin (Pologne), est un astronome polonais.

Biographie
Il est le fils de Jacek Wierzchoś, chimiste et ancien employé de l'Académie polonaise des sciences, et de Janina Wierzchoś, dentiste. Au début des années 1990, sa famille a immigré en Espagne, où il est devenu diplômé en physique de l'Université Complutense de Madrid. En 2019, il a soutenu son doctorat, concernant les comètes, à l'Université de Floride du Sud. Il travaille actuellement à l'observatoire du Mount Lemmon Survey dans le cadre du projet Catalina Sky Survey.

Dans ce contexte, il a découvert plusieurs astéroïdes. En particulier, le , avec Theodore Pruyne, il a découvert l'astéroïde , alors satellite temporaire de la Terre. En avril de la même année, il a découvert une comète à longue période, qui porte en conséquence son nom : C/2020 H3 (Wierzchoś). En , il découvre sa deuxième comète, la première périodique : P/2021 R4 (Wierzchoś).

Il est marié et vit avec sa femme à Tucson, en Arizona. Il parle polonais, espagnol, anglais et catalan.

L'astéroïde  porte son nom.

Notes et références

Articles connexes
 Objets célestes découverts par Kacper Wierzchoś

Liens externes

Astronome polonais du XXIe siècle
Naissance en 1988
Naissance à Lublin
Étudiant de l'université complutense de Madrid
Étudiant de l'université de Floride du Sud
Découvreur d'astéroïdes
Découvreur de comètes
Éponyme d'un objet céleste

Kacper Wierzchoś


Venezuela nahm an den Olympischen Sommerspielen 1952 in der finnischen Hauptstadt Helsinki mit 38 Athleten, zwei Frauen und 36 Männern und zwei Frauen, in acht Sportarten teil.

Es war die erste echte Olympiamannschaft Venezuelas, nachdem bei den Spielen 1932 und 1948 nur je ein Einzelsportler das südamerikanische Land vertrat. Der Leichtathlet Asnoldo Devonish gewann mit Bronze im Dreisprung die erste Olympiamedaille Venezuelas.

Medaillengewinner
Mit einer gewonnenen Bronzemedaille belegte das Team Venezuelas Platz 40 im Medaillenspiegel.

Bronze

Teilnehmer nach Sportarten

Boxen

Bantamgewicht (bis 54 kg)
 Angel Amaya
 1. Runde: 0:3-Niederlage gegen den Mexikaner Raul Macías Guevara

Federgewicht (bis 57 kg)
 Luis Aranguren
 1. Runde: 1:2-Niederlage gegen Kurt Schirra aus dem Saarland

Leichtgewicht (bis 60 kg)
 Vicente Matute
 1. Runde: Freilos
 2. Runde: K. o-Sieg gegen den Pakistani Mohammad Ali
 3. Runde: 0:3-Niederlage gegen den Finnen Erkki Pakkanen

Halbweltergewicht (bis 63,5 kg)
 Salomon Carrizales
 1. Runde: 2:1-Sieg gegen Celestino Pinto aus Brasilien
 2. Runde: 0:3-Niederlage gegen den US-Amerikaner Charles Adkins

Weltergewicht (bis 67 kg)
 Sergio Gascue
 1. Runde: 0:3-Niederlage gegen Nicolae Linca aus Rumänien

Fechten

Männer

Florett Einzel
 Giovanni Bertorelli
 1. Runde, Gruppe 5: mit sechs Niederlagen (Rang 8) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Augusto Gutiérrez
 1. Runde, Gruppe 1: mit fünf Niederlagen (Rang 7) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Juan Kavanagh
 1. Runde, Gruppe 2: mit einem Sieg und fünf Niederlagen (Rang 6) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

Florett Mannschaft
 Giovanni Bertorelli, Augusto Gutiérrez, Gustavo Gutiérrez, Juan Kavanagh & Nelson Nieves
 1. Runde, Gruppe 3: mit zwei Niederlagen (Rang 3) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert
 2:14-Niederlage gegen  Großbritannien; Gustavo Gutiérrez (2)
 0:9-Niederlage gegen ;

Degen Einzel
 Giovanni Bertorelli
 1. Runde, Gruppe 3: mit einem Sieg und sechs Niederlagen (Rang 7) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Juan Camous
 1. Runde, Gruppe 7: mit drei Siegen und vier Niederlagen (Rang 5) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Gustavo Gutiérrez
 1. Runde, Gruppe 1: mit zwei Siegen und vier Niederlagen (Rang 7) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

Degen Mannschaft
 Giovanni Bertorelli, Juan Camous, Gustavo Gutiérrez & Olaf Sandner
 1. Runde, Gruppe 4: mit zwei Niederlagen (Rang 3) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert
 4:11-Niederlage gegen ; Giovanni Bertorelli (1), Olaf Sandner (1), Gustavo Gutiérrez (1), Juan Camous (1)
 5:9-Niederlage gegen ; Gustavo Gutiérrez (1), Giovanni Bertorelli (1), Olaf Sandner (1), Juan Camous (2)

Säbel Einzel
 Gustavo Gutiérrez
 1. Runde, Gruppe 4: mit einem Sieg und fünf Niederlagen (Rang 8) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Edmundo López
 1. Runde, Gruppe 6: mit einem Sieg und sechs Niederlagen (Rang 6) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

 Olaf Sandner
 1. Runde, Gruppe 1: mit zwei Siegen und fünf Niederlagen (Rang 7) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert

Säbel Mannschaft
 Augusto Gutiérrez, Gustavo Gutiérrez, Edmundo López & Olaf Sandner
 1. Runde, Gruppe 2: mit zwei Niederlagen (Rang 3) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert
 3:13-Niederlage gegen ; Augusto Gutiérrez (1), Edmundo López (2)
 1:9-Niederlage gegen ; Olaf Sandner (1)

Frauen

Florett Einzel
 Gerda Muller
 1. Runde, Gruppe 6: mit vier Niederlagen (Rang 6) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert; Rang 30

 Ursula Selle
 1. Runde, Gruppe 2: mit zwei Siegen und vier Niederlagen (Rang 6) nicht für die 2. Runde qualifiziert; Rang 32

Leichtathletik

100 m
 Guillermo Gutiérrez
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 4 (Rang 5) mit 11,2 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 11,42 s (elektronisch) nicht für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert

 Juan Leiva
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 6 (Rang 5) mit 11,2 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 11,31 s (elektronisch) nicht für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert

200 m
 Juan Leiva
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 5 (Rang 3) mit 22,3 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 22,38 s (elektronisch) nicht für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert

400 m
 Guillermo Gutiérrez
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 6 (Rang 2) mit 48,7 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 48,82 s (elektronisch) für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert
 Viertelfinale: in Lauf 1 (rang 4) mit 48,6 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 48,75 s nicht für die Halbfinalläufe qualifiziert

800 m
 Filemón Camacho
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 7 (Rang 5) mit 2:00,0 Min. nicht für die Halbfinalläufe qualifiziert

1500 m
 Filemón Camacho
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 1 (Rang 7) mit 4:18,0 Min. nicht für die Halbfinalläufe qualifiziert

110 m Hürden
 Téofilo Davis
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 3 (Rang 5) mit 15,7 s (handgestoppt) bzw. 15,96 s (elektronisch) nicht für die Halbfinalläufe qualifiziert

400 m Hürden
 Paulino Ferrer
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 4 (Rang 5) mit 1:02,1 Min. (handgestoppt) nicht für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert

Hochsprung
 Téofilo Davis
 Qualifikation, Gruppe A: 1,87 m (Rang 1), für das Finale qualifiziert
 Finale: 1,80 m, Rang 24
 1,70 m: o
 1,80 m: o
 1,90 m: xxx

Weitsprung
 Brígido Iriarte
 Qualifikation, Gruppe A: 6,82 m (Rang 9), nicht für das Finale qualifiziert

Dreisprung
 Asnoldo Devonish
 Qualifikation, Gruppe A: 15,24 m (Rang 2), für das Finale qualifiziert
 Finale: 15,52 m, Rang 3
 1. Sprung: 15,04 m
 2. Sprung: 15,52 m
 3. bis 6. Sprung: ungültig / keine Weite

Speerwurf
 Brígido Iriarte
 Qualifikation, Gruppe A: 52,13 m (Rang 13), nicht für das Finale qualifiziert

Zehnkampf
 Brígido Iriarte
 Gesamt: 5770 Punkte, Rang 12
 100 m: 11,6 s / 707 Punkte, Rang 16
 Weitsprung: 7,06 m / 804 Punkte, Rang 4; gesamt: 1511 Punkte, Rang 11
 Kugelstoßen: 11,66 m / 552 Punkte, Rang 19; gesamt: 2063 Punkte, Rang 9
 Hochsprung: 1,60 m / 550 Punkte, Rang 22; gesamt: 2618 Punkte, Rang 16
 400 m: 53,1 s / 636 Punkte, Rang 17; gesamt: 3254 Punkte, Rang 15
 110 m Hürden: 16,6 s / 489 Punkte, Rang 19; gesamt: 3743 Punkte, Rang 15
 Diskuswurf: 38,23 m / 578 Punkte, Rang 10; gesamt: 4321 Punkte, Rang 14
 Stabhochsprung: 3,40 m / 476 Punkte, Rang 16; gesamt: 4797 Punkte, Rang 14
 Speerwurf: 55,55 m / 637 Punkte, Rang 5; gesamt: 5434 Punkte, Rang 13
 1500 m: 4:49,8 Min. / 336 Punkte, Rang 7

Radsport

Bahn
Sprint
 Luis Toro
 Vorrunde: in Lauf 8 (Rang 4) für die Hoffnungsläufe qualifiziert
 Vorrunde, Hoffnungsläufe: in Lauf 1 (Rang 3) nicht für die Viertelfinalläufe qualifiziert

1000 m Zeitfahren
 Andoni Ituarte
 1:15,4 Min. (+ 4,3 s), Rang 16

4000 m Mannschaftsverfolgung
 Ramón Echegaray, Andoni Ituarte, Danilo Heredia & Luis Toro
 Qualifikation: 5:16,2 Min. (+ 26,4 s), Rang 20; nicht für das Viertelfinale qualifiziert

Ringen

Freistil
Federgewicht (bis 62 kg)
 Ignacio Lugo
 Rang 16
 1. Runde: Niederlage gegen den Kanadier Armand Bernard (0:3)
 2. Runde: Niederlage gegen den Inder Keshav Mangave (0:6)

Mittelgewicht (bis 79 kg)
 Pio Chirinos
 Rang 13
 1. Runde: Niederlage gegen den Südafrikaner Calie Reitz (0:3)
 2. Runde: Niederlage gegen Gustav Gocke aus Deutschland (1:6)

Halbschwergewicht (bis 87 kg)
 Rodolfo Padron
 Rang 11
 1. Runde: Niederlage gegen den US-Amerikaner Henry Wittenberg (0:3)
 2. Runde: Niederlage gegen den späteren Olympiasieger Viking Palm aus Schweden (1:6)

Schießen

Kleinkaliber Dreistellungskampf
 Rafael Arnal
 1083 Ringe, Rang 39

 Humberto Briceño
 1104 Ringe, Rang 33

Kleinkaliber liegend 50 m
 Rafael Arnal
 380 Ringe, Rang 57

 Humberto Briceño
 393 Ringe, Rang 35

Freie Scheibenpistole
 Hector de Lima Polanco
 506 Ringe, Rang 37

 Carlos Marrero
 483 Ringe, Rang 48

Freies Gewehr Dreistellungskampf
 Humberto Briceño
 984 Ringe, Rang 25

 Rigoberto Rivero
 1028 Ringe, Rang 22

Schnellfeuerpistole
 Herman Barreto
 558 Ringe, Rang 20

 Carlos Monteverde
 483 Ringe, Rang 52

Schwimmen

100 m Freistil
 Óscar Saiz
 Vorläufe: in Lauf 5 (Rang 6) mit 1:01,7 Min. nicht für die Halbfinalläufe qualifiziert

Wasserspringen

Kunstspringen 3 m
 Eduardo Fereda
 Vorrunde: 41,98 Punkte, Rang 36; nicht für das Finale qualifiziert
 1. Sprung: 8,00 Punkte
 2. Sprung: 4,80 Punkte
 3. Sprung: 5,70 Punkte
 4. Sprung: 6,60 Punkte
 5. Sprung: 9,20 Punkte
 6. Sprung: 7,68 Punkte

Weblinks

Venezuela
Sommerspiele 1952

Olympische Sommerspiele 1952/Teilnehmer (Venezuela)


Dua Lipa (f. 22. ágúst 1995) er breskalbönsk söngkona og lagahöfundur. Eftir að hafa unnið sem fyrirsæta skrifaði hún undir samning hjá Warner Bros. Records árið 2014 og gaf út fyrstu breiðskífuna sína árið 2017, einfaldlega nefnd Dua Lipa. Platan náði þriðja sæti á breska hljómplötulistanum og af henni voru gefnar út átta smáskífur. Meðal þeirra eru "Be the One", "IDGAF" og "New Rules" sem náði fyrsta sæti í Bretlandi, ásamt sjötta sæti í Bandaríkjunum. Platan hlaut platínu viðurkenningu í ýmsum löndum um allan heim. Lipa vann einnig Brit-verðlaunin fyrir breska einstaklings söngkonan og breska framfaraskrefið árið 2018.

Lagið "One Kiss" með Calvin Harris náði fyrsta sæti í Bretlandi og vann verðlaunin lag ársins hjá BRIT-verðlaununum árið 2019. Sama ár vann hún tvö Grammy-verðlaun og gaf út lagið "Don't Start Now" sem aðallagið fyrir sína næstu plötu, Future Nostalgia. Á henni má finna lögin "Physical", "Break My Heart" og "Levitating" sem varð lag ársins hjá Billboard Hot 100 listanum, árið 2021. Breiðskífan hlaut sex Grammy tilnefningar, þar á meðal breiðskífa ársins, smáskífa ársins og lag ársins.

Útgefið efni

Breiðskífur
 Dua Lipa (2017)
 Future Nostalgia (2020)

Stuttskífur
 Spotify Sessions (2016)
 The Only (2017)
 Live Acoustic (2017)
 Deezer Sessions (2019)

Tenglar

Breskir söngvarar
Albanskir söngvarar

Dua Lipa


ජෙෆ්රි ජේකබ්   ඒබ්‍රම්ස් (උපත ජූනි 27, 1966) යනු ඇමරිකානු චිත්‍රපට අධ්‍යක්ෂකවරයෙක්, නිෂ්පාදකවරයෙක්, තිර-රචකයෙක්, නළුවෙක්, සහ  නිබන්ධකයෙකි. මොහු අභිනය, නාටකය, සහ විද්‍යා ප්‍රබන්ධ යන ප්‍රභේදයන්  හා බැඳි කෘතීන් සඳහා ප්‍රසිද්ධය . රිගාඩිං හෙන්රි (1991),  ෆොඑවර් යං (1992),  ආමේගෙඩ්න් (1998),  ක්ලෝවර්ෆීල්ඩ් (2008), සහ ස්ටාර් වෝර්ස්: ද ෆෝර්ස් අවේකන්ස් (2015) වැනි වෘත්තාන්ත චිත්‍රපට රචනය හෝ නිෂ්පාදනය හෝ ඒබ්‍රම්ස් විසින් සිදුකෙරිණි.

ෆෙලිසිටි (සම-නිර්මාතෘ, 1998–2003),  ඒලියස් (නිර්මාතෘ, 2001–2006), ලොස්ට් (සම-නිර්මාතෘ, 2004–2010), සහ ෆ්‍රින්ජ් (සම-නිර්මාතෘ, 2008–2013) සහ වෙනත් බොහෝ රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලා ඒබ්‍රම්ස් විසින් නිර්මාණය කෙරිණි.  ලොස්ට් සඳහා ඔහු එමී සම්මාන දෙකක් හිමි කර ගති  — නාටක කතා මාලාවක් සඳහා කැපීපෙනෙන අධ්‍යක්ෂණය සහ කැපීපෙනෙන නාටක කතා මාලාව.

මිෂන්: ඉම්පොසිබල් III (2006),  ස්ටාර් ට්‍රෙක් (2009) සහ එහි අනුගාමී කෘතිය ස්ටාර් ට්‍රෙක් ඉන්ටු ඩාක්නස් (2013), සහ සුපර් එයිට් (2011) යන්නන් ඔහුගේ අධ්‍යක්ෂණ කෘතීන් අතර වෙති. ස්ටාර් වෝර්ස්  අනුගාමී ත්‍රිත්වයෙහි පළමුවන චිත්‍රපටය සහ ඔහුගේ අධිකතම-ආදායම-උපැයූ චිත්‍රපටය මෙන්ම  සමස්ත කාලීන තුන්වන අධිකතම-ආදායම උපැයූ චිත්‍රපටයදවූ ස්ටාර් වෝර්ස්: ද ෆෝර්ස් අවේකන්ස් (2015) චිත්‍රපටය, ඔහු විසින් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය සහ සම-රචනය සිදුකෙරිණි. කතාංගය IX සම-රචනය සහ අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කිරීමෙන් ඔහු යළිත් ස්ටාර් වෝර්ස් වෙත ආගමනය වනු ඇත.

නිෂ්පාදක බ්‍රයන් බර්ක්, ග්‍රෙග් ග්‍රැන්බර්ග් සහ සයිමන් පෙග් යන නළුවන්, ඇලෙක්ස් කර්ට්ස්මන් සහ රොබෙර්ටෝ ඕර්සී යන රචකයන්, නිබන්ධක මයිකල් ජියකීනෝ , ඩැනියෙල් මින්ඩ්ල් සහ ලැරී ෆොංග් යන සිනමායාන්ත්‍රිකයන්, සහ මේරියන් බ්‍රැන්ඩන් සහ මේරි ජෝ මාර්කී යන සංස්කාරකවරුන් ඒබ්‍රම්ස්ගේ නිතොර සහයෝගකරුවෝ වූහ.

මුල් දිවිය
රූපවාහිනී නිෂ්පාදක ජෙරල්ඩ් ඩබ්. ඒබ්‍රම්ස් (උපත 1939) සහ විධායක නිෂ්පාදක කැරල් ඈන් ඒබ්‍රම්ස් (විවාහයට පෙර කෙල්වින්; 1942–2012) යුවලට පුතු ලෙසින් නිව්යෝර්ක් නගරයෙහි ඒබ්‍රම්ස් උපන් අතර ලොස් ඇන්ජලීස් හී ඇතිදැඩි විය. තිර-රචක ට්‍රේසි රොසෙන් ඔහුගේ සහෝදරිය වූවාය.   පැලසේඩ්ස් උසස් පාසැල වෙතින් ඔහු උගැනුම ලැබීය. උසස් පාසැල වෙතින් සමත් වීමෙන් පසුව, ශාස්ත්‍රීය ශාස්ත්‍රාලයක් වෙතින් උගැනුම ලබනවා වෙනුවට චිත්‍රපට පාසැලකින් උගැනුම ලැබීමට ඒබ්‍රම්ස් සැලසුම් කල මුත්, "සලරූ තැනීමට උපකාරී වන දෑ පිළිබඳ ඔබ විසින් අධ්‍යයනය කිරීම සලරූ තැනීම පිළිබඳ ඔබ විසින් අධ්‍යයනය කිරීමට වඩා වැදගත් වෙයි" යන පියාගේ අවවාදය මත අත්‍යන්තයෙහිදී සාරා ලෝරන්ස් ශාස්ත්‍රාලය වෙත අධ්‍යයනය සඳහා ඇතුළුවිය.

අභිවෘත්තිය

මුල් අභිවෘත්තිය
සලරූ ව්‍යාපාරයන්හී ඒබ්‍රම්ස්ගේ පළමු වෘත්තිය ඇරඹුනේ ඔහුට වයස වසර 15 වත්ම  ඩොන් ඩෝලර්ගේ's 1982 චිත්‍රපටය නයිට්බීස්ට් සඳහා සංගීතය රචනය කිරීමෙනි. ශාස්ත්‍රාලයෙහි ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨ වසර අංශයෙහි අධ්‍යයනය කරද්දී  ජිල් මසූස්කි සමග එක්ව  වෘත්තාන්ත  චිත්‍රපට සංග්‍රහයක් ලිවීමට ඔහු සමත් විය.  ටච්ස්ටෝන් පික්චර්ස් විසින් මිලදී ගත් මෙය, චාල්ස් ග්‍රෝඩින් සහ ජේම්ස් බෙලූෂි රඟපෑමෙන් දායකත්වය සැපයූ සහ ඒබ්‍රම්ස් විසින් අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කල පළමුවන චිත්‍රපටය වූ  ටේකිං කෙයාර් ඔෆ් බිස්නස් සඳහා පාදක විය. ඉනික්බිතිව ඔහු , හැරිසන් ෆෝර්ඩ් රඟපෑ රිගාඩිං හෙන්රි චිත්‍රපටයද , මෙල් ගිබ්සන් රඟපෑ  ෆොඑවර් යං චිත්‍රපටයද නිපැයීය. මසූස්කි හා එක්වූ ඔහු,   ජෝ පැෂී සහ  ඩැනී ග්ලොවර් රඟපෑ  ගෝන් ෆිෂිං නම්වූ ප්‍රහසනයෙහි පිටපත සම-රචනය කලේය.

ආශ්‍රිත

චරිත කතා

ජේ. ජේ. ඒබ්‍රම්ස්


Volodymyr Oleksiovytch Strouk (en  ;  - ) est un homme politique ukrainien. En mars 2022, il a fait l'objet d'une couverture médiatique internationale en raison de son enlèvement et de sa mort.

Carrière
Il est diplômé de l'Université d'État des affaires intérieures de Lougansk.

Membre du Parti des régions et plus tard de la Plateforme d'opposition-Pour la vie, il est membre de la Verkhovna Rada de 2012 à 2014.

De 2020 jusqu'à sa mort, il est maire de Kreminna dans la république populaire de Lougansk.

Décès
Le 2 mars 2022, il est enlevé à son domicile et il est ensuite retrouvé mort d'une balle dans le cœur. Ces faits sont rapportés comme une réponse à ses activités séparatistes pro-russes lors de l'invasion russe de l'Ukraine en 2022.

En réponse, Anton Gerachtchenko, un conseiller du ministère ukrainien de l'Intérieur, écrit dans un message sur Telegram : .

Références

Liens externes

 Volodymyr Struk

Naissance en mai 1964
Naissance en RSS d'Ukraine
Maire en Ukraine
Décès dans l'oblast de Louhansk
Mort lors de l'invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en 2022
Décès à 57 ans
Décès en mars 2022
Victime civile morte pendant la guerre russo-ukrainienne

Volodymyr Strouk


James David Maslow () este un actor,  cântăreț, model și dansator american.

Este cunoscut pentru rolul lui James Diamond în Big Time Rush și pentru că este membru al trupei cu același nume. Este cunoscut și pentru rolul lui Shane din serialul ICarly din episodul Isaw Him First (din sezonul  al doilea).

Biografie
Maslow s-a născut în New York City, New York și a crescut în orașul La Jolla, California. Tatăl sau este de religie ebraică, iar mama sa catolică. În copilărie a urmat școala ebraică. Începe sa cânte la vârsta de șase ani, când părinții lui îl înscriu la San Diego Children's Choir. A avut un mic rol în producția "La bohème" a operei din  San Diego la vârsta de 10 ani, iar la vârsta de 14 ani l-a jucat pe Marius în piesa de teatru Les Misérables .

Carieră
În 2008 debutează într-un episod al serialul ICarly, în rolul lui Shane.

Din 2009 până în 2013 a fost unul din personajele principale din serialul Big Time Rush,  de Scott Fellows.  Face parte din trupa Big Time Rush, cu care a realizat trei albume: B.T.R.(2010), Elevate(2011) și 24/seven (2013); și 2 EP:  Holyday Bundle (2011) și Big Time Movie Soundtrack (2012).  În 2014, la sfârșitul turului mondial, trupa anunța că va lua o pauză, fiecare vrând să se concentreze pe proiecte individuale, ceea ce a stârnit inițial ideea destrămării trupei, pe care actorul a negat-o de mai multe ori.

Din 2013 are un canal YouTube unde produce cover-uri la diverse melodii, cum ar fii Love Somebody  de Maroon 5,  Clarity de Zedd și  Mirrors de Justin Timberlake. Tot în 2013 scrie melodia Never too Young, ideală pentru a o cânta împreună cu youtuber-ul MattyBRaps.

În 2014 joacă rolul lui Kevin Mohr în serialul Sequestered;  în iarna aceluiași an interpretează rolul principal în filmul Seeds of Yesterday. În 2015 are rolul lui Wyatt în thrillerul Wild for the night.

În data de 24 Iulie 2015 iese prima lui melodie (ca solist), ,,Lies"  scrisă în colaborare cu Jojo Whright featuring Unlike Pluto. Pe 21 octombrie al aceluiași an publică a doua lui melodie, ,,Circles".

În ianuarie 2017 este personaj principal în thrillerul 48 Hours to Live/Wild for the Night pentru care este scris ,,Coming for You" , al treilea sau single. Pe 13 martie 2017 este lansat primul sau album solo numit How I like it.

Filme și seriale
 ICarly (2008): Shane (episodul "Isaw Him First")
 urFREZ (2009- film): Brandon
 Big Time Rush (2009-2013): James Diamond (personaj principal)
 BrainSurge (2011): guest star
 Hand aufs Herz (2011): el însuși împreună cu ceilalți membrii ai trupei Big Time Rush (episodul #210)
 How to Rock (2012): James Diamond (episodul "How to Rock: An Election")
 Big Time Movie (2012): James Diamond (personaj principal)
 See Dad Run (2012-2013): Ricky Adams (episoadele "See Dad Wah-Wah'd" și "See Dad Compaign")
 Marvin Marvin (2013): el însuși  (episodul "Big Time Marvin")
 Dancing with the Stars (2014): concurent
 Sequestered (2014): Kevin Mohr (6 episoade)
 Pinguinii din Madagascar (2015): James Castorul (episodul "Tunnel of Love")
 Seeds of Yesterday (2015): Bart Foxworth (personaj principal)
 Wild for the Night/48 Hours To Live (2015): Wyatt Wells (personaj principal)
 Art Show Bingo (2017): Wil Hunter (personaj principal)
 It Happened One Valentine's (2017): Caleb Greene (personaj principal)
 Bachelor Lions (2017): Mark Myers (Personaj principal)
The Boarder (2018): Jake (Personaj principal)

Concerte și opere teatrale
împreună cu Big Time Rush
 Big Time Rush Live in Concert (2011)
 Better With U Tour (2012)
 Big Time Summer Tour (2012)
 Summer Break Tour (2013)
 Live World Tour (2014)

Ca Solist
 Sherlock Holmes (2015)
 Tour European  (2017)

Note

Nașteri în 1990
Actori americani din secolul al XXI-lea
Cântăreți americani
Americani în viață

James Maslow


El Parque nacional Ala Archa es un espacio protegido alpino en las montañas de Tian Shan de Kirguistán, establecido en 1976 y situado a unos 40 km al sur de la ciudad capital de Biskek. El parque, que incluye el desfiladero del río Ala-Archa y las montañas que lo rodean, es un destino popular para picnis de fin de semana, excursionistas, senderistas, esquiadores, así como los alpinistas que buscan un retos de hielo y rocas.
El parque cubre unos 200 kilómetros cuadrados, y su altitud varía de unos 1500 metros a la entrada a un máximo de 4895 metros en el Pico de Semenova Tian-Shanski, el pico más alto de la cordillera Ala-Tau del Tian Shan. Hay más de 20 glaciares y unos 50 picos de montaña en el parque. Además dos ríos más pequeño, el Adygene y el Ak-Sai.

Imágenes

Véase también
Geografía de Kirguistán

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Ala Archa
Áreas protegidas establecidas en 1976
Kirguistán en 1976
Provincia de Chuy

Parque nacional Ala Archa


Das Municipio General Saavedra (auch: Agustín Saavedra oder nur Saavedra) ist ein Landkreis im Departamento Santa Cruz im Tiefland des südamerikanischen Anden-Staates Bolivien.

Lage im Nahraum
Das Municipio Saavedra ist eines von fünf Municipios in der Provinz Obispo Santistevan. Es grenzt im Norden an das Municipio Mineros, im Westen an die Provinz Sara, im Süden an das Municipio Montero, im Osten an die Provinz Ignacio Warnes, und im Nordosten an die Provinz Ñuflo de Chávez. Es erstreckt sich von Westen nach Osten bis zu 30 Kilometer und von Norden nach Süden bis zu 25 Kilometer.

Zentraler Ort des Municipios ist die Landstadt General Saavedra mit 4.611 Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2012) im Zentrum des Municipios; andere größere Ortschaften sind Pico de Monte mit 1.207 Einwohnern und Puente Caimanes mit 832 Einwohnern.

Geographie
Das Municipio Saavedra liegt im tropischen Feuchtklima vor dem Ostrand der Anden-Gebirgskette der Cordillera Oriental. Die Region war vor der Kolonisierung von Monsunwald bedeckt, ist heute aber größtenteils Kulturland.

Die mittlere Durchschnittstemperatur der Region liegt bei knapp 25 °C (siehe Klimadiagramm Santa Cruz), die Monatsdurchschnittswerte schwanken zwischen 20 °C im Juli und 28 °C im Dezember. Der Jahresniederschlag beträgt etwa 1300 mm, die Monatsniederschläge sind ergiebig und liegen zwischen 40 mm im August und 200 mm im Januar.

Bevölkerung
Die Einwohnerzahl des Municipio Saavedra ist in den vergangenen beiden Jahrzehnten um knapp ein Drittel angestiegen:
 1992: 11.639 Einwohner (Volkszählung)
 2001: 16.592 Einwohner (Volkszählung)
 2012: 14.209 Einwohner (Volkszählung)

Die Bevölkerungsdichte des Municipio bei der Volkszählung 2001 betrug 28,4 Einwohner/km².

Die Säuglingssterblichkeit war von 9,4 Prozent (1992) auf 8,2 Prozent im Jahr 2001 zurückgegangen, der Alphabetisierungsgrad bei den über 6-Jährigen von 73,3 Prozent (1992) auf 85,7 Prozent angestiegen.

93,4 Prozent der Bevölkerung sprechen Spanisch, 25,3 Prozent sprechen Quechua, 12,0 Prozent Guaraní, und 0,4 Prozent Aymara.

51,7 Prozent der Bevölkerung haben keinen Zugang zu Elektrizität, 21,6 Prozent leben ohne sanitäre Einrichtung. (2001)

66,4 Prozent der 2747 Haushalte besitzen ein Radio, 44,5 Prozent einen Fernseher, 69,2 Prozent ein Fahrrad, 5,2 Prozent ein Motorrad, 10,7 Prozent ein Auto, 18,6 Prozent einen Kühlschrank, und 3,1 Prozent ein Telefon. (2001)

Politik
Ergebnis der Regionalwahlen (concejales del municipio) vom 4. April 2010:

Ergebnis der Regionalwahlen (elecciones de autoridades políticas) vom 7. März 2021:

Gliederung
Das Municipio Montero ist nicht weiter in Kantone (cantones) unterteilt, es gliedert sich in 32 Unterkantone (vicecantones) mit insgesamt 48 Ortschaften (localidades).

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Municipio Saavedra - Übersichtskarten Nr. 71002
 Municipio Saavedra - Detailkarte und Bevölkerungsdaten (PDF; 602 kB) (spanisch)
 Departamento Santa Cruz - Sozialdaten der Municipios (PDF; 5,12 MB) (spanisch)

Municipio General Saavedra


La Sinfonía n.º 103 en mi bemol mayor, Hoboken I/103 es la undécima de la serie de doce sinfonías tituladas Sinfonías de Londres (números 93-104) compuesta por Joseph Haydn. La n.º 103 se conoce popularmente como el Redoble de timbal, debido al prolongado redoble que se hace con el timbal al comenzar la obra.

Composición y estreno
La sinfonía fue la última de las doce sinfonías en componerse para ser interpretadas en Inglaterra durante los dos viajes de Haydn allí (1791–1792, 1794–1795). La música de Haydn era muy popular en Inglaterra antes de que viajara allí y los aficionados musicales británicos llevaban tiempo demandando una visita del compositor austriaco. La recepción del compositor en Inglaterra fue de hecho muy entusiasta y las visitas al país fueron uno de los periodos más fructíferos y felices de la vida del compositor. Haydn compuso la sinfonía del «Redoble de timbal» mientras residía en Londres durante el invierno de 1794–1795.

La sinfonía «Redoble de timbal» se estrenó el 2 de marzo de 1795 como parte de una serie de concierto denominados Conciertos en la ópera, en el King's Theatre. La plantilla orquestal, inusualmente grande para la época, estaba conformada por 60 intérpretes. La tarea de dirección fue compartida entre el concertino Viotti y Haydn, sentado en el fortepiano. El estreno fue sin lugar a dudas un tremendo éxito y hecho descrito por un crítico del Morning Chronicle's de la siguiente manera:

El periódico The Sun escribió al respecto:

Haydn posteriormente interpretaría la obra en Viena y para esta ocasión realizó un pequeño corte en el último movimiento, que hoy en día se suele respetar por los directores.

Desde su estreno la sinfonía «Redoble de timbal» ha sido una de las favoritas entre las sinfonías de Haydn y se realizan grabaciones e interpretaciones con frecuencia en la actualidad. En 1831, Richard Wagner efectúo un arreglo para piano de la sinfonía.

Una interpretación habitual de la sinfonía tiene unos 30 minutos de duración.

Orquestación y movimientos
La obra está orquestada para dos flautas, dos oboes, dos clarinetes, dos fagotes, dos trompas, dos trompetas, timbales y cuerdas.

La sinfonía está escrita en la forma habitual en cuatro movimientos:

I. Adagio - Allegro con spirito

Tras el redoble de timbal inicial, los instrumentos graves tocan un tema sombrío:

Algunos estudiosos han apuntado que las primeras cuatro notas de dicho tema encajan con las del canto Dies Irae, parte de la misa latina para los muertos:

H. C. Robbins Landon señala que al comienzo del tema hay una ambigüedad entre tiempo binario y ternario y entre las tonalidades de do menor y (la que finalmente prevalece)  mi bemol mayor.

El animado movimiento en 6/8 que prosigue tras la introducción está escrito en forma sonata, con una exposición monotemática. En varios lugares se reexpone el tema de la introducción en untempo más rápido. También reexpone parte de la introducción inicial en la coda, un procedimiento formal adoptado con anterioridad por Mozart en su Quinteto de cuerdas K. 593 (1790).  Beethoven hizo lo mismo en su sonata para piano titulada «Pathétique», publicada dos años después que la sinfonía en 1797.

II. Andante più tosto allegretto
Este movimiento está escrito en forma de variación doble, con temas que varían alternativamente entre la tonalidad de do menor y do mayor más una coda. Las dobles variaciones habían sido la forma musical favorita del compositor durante unos 20 años; junto con el Trío para piano H. XV:23 del mismo año, fue la última serie que escribió. Los temas de este movimiento se dice que fueron desarrollados a partir de canciones populares croatas que conocía.

III. Menuetto
El minueto está en la tonalidad principal de mi bemol mayor. Charles Rosen, en The Classical Style, escogió este minueto para ilustrar el punto que los minuetos del periodo clásico a menudo tenían los primeros tiempo de cada compás muy marcados, a diferencia del ritmo más fluido del minueto barroco.

IV. Finale: Allegro con spirito
Como el primer movimiento, el final empieza con un ademán casi ritual, en este caso un toque de la trompa:

seguido por un silencio y repetido a lo largo del movimiento. Está en tempo rápido, tiene una exposición monotemática y está escrita en forma rondó-sonata.

Al igual que los temas del segundo movimiento, la melodía inicial parece haber sido tomada de una canción popular croata denominada Divojčica potok gazi, («Una niña deja sus huellas en el arroyo»).

Bibliografía

 Robbins Landon, H. C.  (1976) Haydn:  Chronicle and Works, Indiana University Press, Bloomington.
 Rosen, Charles (1971, 2.ª ed. 1997) The Classical Style. Nueva York:  Norton.
 Schroeder, David P. (1985) "Audience Reception and Haydn's London Symphonies," International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music, Vol. 16, n.º 1, pp. 57–72.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Sinfonía n.º 103 disponible en formato PDF creado por MuseData (en inglés)

 Programa de mano por James M. Keller para la Orquesta Sinfónica de San Francisco (en inglés)

103
Composiciones de 1795
Composiciones en mi bemol mayor

Sinfonía n.º 103 (Haydn)


An Malaxis bulusanensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Oakes Ames. An Malaxis bulusanensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Malaxis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Malaxis

Malaxis bulusanensis


أبو الهول أو سفنكس قد تعني:
 أبو الهول تمثال من الميثولوجيا المصرية والإغريقية برأس إنسان وجسم أسد.

صفحات توضيح أسماء أماكن

أبو الهول (توضيح)


Earl of Worcester is a title that has been created five times in the Peerage of England. Worcester is a cathedral city in Worcestershire, England.

Five creations
The first creation came in 1138 in favour of the Norman noble Waleran de Beaumont. He was the son of Robert de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Leicester, by Elizabeth of Vermandois, and the twin brother of Robert de Beaumont, 2nd Earl of Leicester. Like his father and brother he also held the title Count of Meulan in the French nobility. The earldom of Worcester apparently became extinct on his death in 1166.

The second creation came in 1397 in favour of the military commander and governor Thomas Percy. He was a younger son of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy, and Mary of Lancaster, and the brother of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland. He fought in the Hundred Years' War for Richard II, against whom he later rebelled. After the Battle of Shrewsbury, he was beheaded for treason and his honours forfeit, although he was without issue anyway.

The third creation came in 1420 in favour of Richard Beauchamp, 2nd Baron Bergavenny. He was the son of William de Beauchamp, younger son of  Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick and Katherine Mortimer. William de Beauchamp was summoned to Parliament as "Willilmo Beauchamp de Bergavenny" on 23 July 1392, by which he is held to have become Baron Bergavenny. The earldom of Worcester became extinct on the death of its first holder in 1422, while the barony was passed on to his daughter and only child, Elizabeth. See Baron Bergavenny for further history of this title.

The fourth creation came in 1449 in favour of John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tiptoft, a noted scholar and sometime favourite of Edward IV. After the Lancastrians were restored to power under Henry VI, Worcester was captured and beheaded, with his titles forfeited. However, they were restored the following year in favour of his second and only surviving son Edward. Edward died at an early age in 1486. On his death the earldom became extinct while the barony became either extinct or fell into abeyance between his aunts. The barony of Tiptoft had been created on 7 January 1426 when the first Earl's father, John Tiptoft, was summoned to Parliament. He had previously served as Speaker of the House of Commons and Lord High Treasurer.

The fifth creation came in 1514 in favour of Charles Somerset, the legitimised son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset. The fifth Earl was made Marquess of Worcester in 1643 and the third Marquess Duke of Beaufort in 1682. See the latter title for more information on this creation.

List of Earls

Earls of Worcester; First creation (1138)
Waleran de Beaumont, 1st Earl of Worcester (1104–1166)

Earls of Worcester; Second creation (1397)
Thomas Percy, 1st Earl of Worcester (1343–1403) (forfeit)

Earls of Worcester; Third creation (1421)
Richard Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester (c. 1397–1422)

Earls of Worcester; Fourth creation (1449)
John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester (c. 1427–1470) (attainted 1470)
Edward Tiptoft, 2nd Earl of Worcester (c. 1469–1485) (restored 1471)

Earls of Worcester; Fifth creation (1514)
see Duke of Beaufort

Family tree

References

Earldoms in the Peerage of England
Forfeited earldoms in the Peerage of England
Noble titles created in 1138
Noble titles created in 1397
Noble titles created in 1421
Noble titles created in 1449
Noble titles created in 1514

Earl of Worcester


Jane Elliott ( Jennison; born on November 30, 1933) is an American diversity educator. As a schoolteacher, she became known for her "Blue eyes/Brown eyes" exercise, which she first conducted with her third-grade class on April 5, 1968, the day after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. The publication of compositions which the children had written about the experience in the local newspaper led to much broader media interest in it.

The classroom exercise was filmed in 1970, becoming the documentary The Eye of the Storm. PBS series Frontline featured a reunion of the 1970 class, as well as Elliott's work with adults, in its 1985 episode "A Class Divided". Invitations to speak and to conduct her exercise eventually led Elliott to give up school teaching and to become a full-time public speaker against discrimination. She has directed the exercise and lectured on its effects in many places throughout the world. She also has conducted the exercise with college students, as seen in the 2001 documentary The Angry Eye.

Early life and career
Elliott was born in 1933 to Lloyd and Margaret (Benson) Jennison on her family's farm in or near Riceville, Iowa. She was the fourth of several children.

In 1952, after graduating from high school, Elliott attended the Iowa State Teachers College (now the University of Northern Iowa), where she attained an emergency elementary teaching certificate in five quarters. In 1953, she began her teaching career in a one-room school in Randall.

Motivation to teach about racism's effects
On the evening of April 4, 1968, Elliott turned on her television and learned of the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. She says she vividly remembers a scene in which a white reporter pointed his microphone toward a local black leader and asked things like "When our leader [John F. Kennedy] was killed several years ago, his widow held us together. Who's going to control your people?"

Elliott then decided to combine a lesson she had planned about Native Americans with a lesson she had planned about Martin Luther King Jr. for February's Hero of the Month project. At the moment she was watching the news of King's death, Elliott says she was ironing a teepee for use in a lesson unit about Native Americans. To tie the two lessons together, she used the Sioux prayer "Oh great spirit, keep me from ever judging a man until I have walked in his moccasins."
She wanted to give her small-town, all-white students the experience of walking in a "colored child's moccasins for a day".

First exercise involving eye color
Steven Armstrong was the first child to arrive in Elliott's classroom. Referring to Martin Luther King Jr., he asked, "Why'd they shoot that King?"  After the rest of the class arrived, Elliott asked them how they think it feels to be a black boy or girl. She suggested to the class it would be hard for them to understand discrimination without experiencing it themselves and then asked the children if they would like to find out. The children agreed with a chorus of "yeah". She decided to base the exercise on eye color rather than skin color to show the children what racial segregation would be like.

At first, there was resistance among the students in the minority group to the idea brown-eyed children were better than blue-eyed children. To counter this, Elliott lied to the children by stating melanin was linked to their higher intelligence and learning ability. Shortly thereafter, this initial resistance fell away. Those who were deemed "superior" became arrogant, bossy, and otherwise unpleasant to their "inferior" classmates. Their grades on simple tests were better, and they completed mathematical and reading tasks that had seemed outside their ability before. The "inferior" classmates also transformed – into timid and subservient children who scored more poorly on tests, and even during recess isolated themselves, including those who had previously been dominant in the class. These children's academic performance suffered, even with tasks that had been simple before.

The next Monday, Elliott reversed the exercise, making the blue-eyed children superior. While the blue-eyed children did taunt the brown-eyed children in ways similar to what had occurred the previous day, Elliott reports it was much less intense. To reflect on the experience, she asked the children to write down what they had learned.

Reactions and public attention
The compositions the children wrote about the experience were printed in the Riceville Recorder on page 4 on April 18, 1968, under the headline "How Discrimination Feels", and the story was picked up by the Associated Press. As a result of the Associated Press article, Elliott was invited to appear on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. After she spoke about her exercise in a short interview segment,  the audience reaction was instant as hundreds of calls came into the show's telephone switchboard, much of it negative. An often-quoted letter stated, "How dare you try this cruel experiment out on white children? Black children grow up accustomed to such behavior, but white children, there's no way they could possibly understand it. It's cruel to white children and will cause them great psychological damage."

The publicity Elliott was getting did not make her popular in Riceville. When she walked into the teachers' lounge the day after her Tonight Show appearance, several other teachers walked out. When she went downtown to do errands, she heard whispers. When her oldest daughter went to the girls' bathroom in junior high, she came out of a stall to see a hateful message scrawled in red lipstick for her on the mirror. In a 2003 interview, Elliot said that about 20% of the Riceville community was still furious with her over what she did that day in 1968 and that some of those still called her "n-word lover", but that she was grateful for the other 80%.

As news of her exercise spread, Elliott appeared on more television shows and started to repeat the exercise in professional training days for adults. On December 15, 1970, Elliott staged the experience to adult educators at a White House Conference on Children and Youth.

In 1970, ABC produced a documentary about Elliott called The Eye of the Storm, which made her even more nationally known. Subsequently, William Peters wrote two books—A Class Divided and A Class Divided: Then and Now—about her and the exercise. A Class Divided was turned into a PBS Frontline documentary in 1985 and included a reunion of the schoolchildren featured in The Eye of the Storm, for which Elliott received The Hillman Prize. A televised edition of the exercise was shown on Channel 4 on October 29, 2009, entitled The Event: How Racist Are You? This documentary was intended, according to the producers in their agreement with Jane Elliott, to create an awareness of the effects of racist behavior. After the exercise, Elliott said the result "wasn't as successful as I am accustomed to being", leaving  journalist Andrew Anthony with the "nagging suspicion that she's more excited by white fear than she is by black success."

Elliott was featured by Peter Jennings on ABC as "Person of the Week" on April 24, 1992. She is listed on the timeline of 30 notable educators by textbook editor McGraw-Hill along with Confucius, Plato, Booker T. Washington, and Maria Montessori.  She has been invited to speak at 350 colleges and universities and has appeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show five times.

In November 2016, Elliott's name was added to the BBC's annual list of 100 Women.

Origin of workplace diversity training
Elliott is considered to be the forerunner of diversity training, with the "Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes" exercise as the basis of much of what is now called diversity training. She has done such training for corporations such as General Electric, Exxon, AT&T, and IBM, as well as lectured to the FBI, IRS, US Navy, US Department of Education, and US Postal Service.

The Riceville school system granted Elliott unpaid leave to conduct workshops and training that were based on her exercise to organizations outside of her school system. However, the increasing demands to be away from the classroom eventually caused problems with her public school teaching career.  Elliott left teaching in the mid-1980s to devote herself full-time to diversity training, redeveloping her classroom exercise for the corporate world. This was promoted positively as a way to promote teamwork, profits, and a "winning together" atmosphere. For this corporate exercise, Elliott divides a multiracial group based on the color of their eyes and then subjects the blue-eyed individuals to a withering regime of humiliation and contempt. In only a few hours, Elliott's treatment makes the blue-eyed workers become distracted and despondent, stumbling over the simplest commands.

Companies found the idea of offering such training attractive, not only because in the 1970s and 1980s there were increasing numbers of people of color in their organizations, but also because of U.S. court rulings and federal policies to promote multiculturalism brought about by pressure from civil rights groups during the same two decades.

Many companies at that time came to see diversity training as a way to ward off negative legal action and publicity. Elliott said, "If you can't think of any other reason for getting rid of racism, think of it as a real money saver." Elliott-inspired diversity training has been used outside the United States. When the Race Relations Amendment Act 2000 passed in the United Kingdom, it listed 100 diversity training firms in the Diversity Directory. According to a survey by the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, 70% of those firms have diversity policies in which diversity training plays a major role. Many of these courses follow Elliott's model in regards to understanding the issues presented.

Legacy of the original exercise
Dean Weaver, who was superintendent of Riceville schools from 1972 to 1979, thought Elliott was an outstanding teacher who did things differently and made other teachers envious of her success. Ex-principal Steve Harnack commented she was excellent at teaching academics and suggested she would have had fewer problems with the community if she had involved parents. Elliott's former colleague Ruth Setka, the one who had maintained a relationship with Elliott, also had enough. Commenting on Riceville's attitude on Elliott, Setka said:
"I think third grade was too young for what she did. Junior high, maybe. Little children don't like uproar in the classroom. And what she did caused an uproar. Everyone's tired of her. I'm tired of hearing about her and her experiment and how everyone here is a racist. That's not true. Let's just move on."

Academic research
Academic research into Elliott's exercise shows moderate results in reducing long-term prejudice but is inconclusive on the question of whether the possible psychological harm outweighs the potential benefits. Two professors of education in England, Ivor Goodson and Pat Sikes, argue that what Elliott did was unethical, calling the exercise psychologically and emotionally damaging. They also stated ethical concerns pertaining to the fact that the children were not told of the purpose of the exercise beforehand.

Measured results of the diversity training for adults are moderate. The outcomes of a 1990 research study by the Utah State University were that virtually all the subjects reported the experience was meaningful for them. However, the statistical evidence supporting the effectiveness of the activity for prejudice reduction was moderate; and virtually all the participants, as well as the simulation facilitator, reported stress from the simulation.

Another program evaluation in 2003, conducted by Tracie Stewart at the University of Georgia, showed white college students had significantly more positive attitudes toward Asian-American and Latino individuals, but only marginally more positive attitudes toward African-American individuals. In some courses, participants can feel frustrated about "their inability to change" and instead begin to feel anger against the very groups to which they are supposed to be more sensitive. It can also lead to anxiety because people become hyper-sensitive about being offensive or being offended. There appears to be a lack of very good measures for determining the long-term outcomes of these training initiatives.

In a 2003 study, Murdoch University included the "Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes" exercise in their list of "both successful and unsuccessful" strategies to reduce racism, as opposed to, among others, more successful strategies like dialogues about race, and the debunking of myths.

Personal life
Elliott was married to Darald Elliott (1934–2013) from 1955 until his death, and she has four children. They maintained residences in Osage, Iowa and Sun City, California. On May 24, 2019, Jane Elliott was awarded the honorary degree Doctor of Humane Letters by CSU Bakersfield.

See also
 Blue Eyed – a 1996 German film based on the "Blue Eyes/Brown Eyes" exercise
The Third Wave (experiment)

References

External links

Schoolteachers from Iowa
American women educators
American anti-racism activists
Anti-racism in the United States
1933 births
Living people
People from Riceville, Iowa
University of Northern Iowa alumni
Activists from Iowa
People from Osage, Iowa
People from Menifee, California
Eye color
21st-century American women

Jane Elliott


An academic major is the academic discipline to which an undergraduate student formally commits. A student who successfully completes all courses required for the major qualifies for an undergraduate degree. The word major (also called concentration, particularly at private colleges) is also sometimes used administratively to refer to the academic discipline pursued by a graduate student or postgraduate student in a master's or doctoral program.

An academic major typically involves completion of a combination of required and elective courses in the chosen discipline. The latitude a student has in choosing courses varies from program to program. An academic major is administered by select faculty in an academic department. A major administered by more than one academic department is called an interdisciplinary major. In some settings, students may be permitted to design their own major, subject to faculty approval.

In the United States, students are usually not required to choose their major discipline when first enrolling as an undergraduate. In addition, most colleges and universities require that all students take a general core curriculum in the liberal arts. Normally students are required to commit by the end of their second academic year at latest, and some schools even disallow students from declaring a major until this time. A student who declares two academic majors is said to have a double major. A coordinate major is an ancillary major designed to complement the primary one. A coordinate major requires fewer course credits to complete. Many colleges also allow students to declare a minor field, a secondary discipline in which they also take a substantial number of classes, but not so many as would be necessary to complete a major.

History
The roots of the academic major as we now know it first surfaced in the 19th century as "alternative components of the undergraduate degree". Before that, all students receiving an undergraduate degree would be required to study the same slate of courses geared at a comprehensive "liberal education".

In 1825, the University of Virginia initiated an educational approach that would allow students to choose from an area of focus. Offering eight options (which included ancient languages, anatomy, medicine), other higher educational systems in Europe began to develop into a stricter specialization approach to studies after the American Civil War.

In the United States, in the second half of the 19th century, concentrated foci at the undergraduate level began to prosper and popularize, but the familiar term "major" did not appear until 1877 in a Johns Hopkins University catalogue. The major generally required 2 years of study, while the minor required one.

From 1880 to 1910, Baccalaureate granting American institutions vastly embraced a free-elective system, where students were endowed with a greater freedom to explore intellectual curiosities.

The 1930s witnessed the appearance of first interdisciplinary major: American studies. Culture was the grounding concept and orchestrating principle for its courses.
1960s to 1970s experienced a new tide of interdisciplinary majors and a relaxation of curriculum and graduation requirements. (Civil Rights Movement spawned Women's studies and Black Studies, for example.)
In the 1980s and 1990s, "interdisciplinary studies, multiculturalism, feminist pedagogy, and a renewed concern for the coherence and direction of the undergraduate program began to assail the Baccalaureate degree dominated by the academic major."

Major's significance
The academic major is considered a defining and dominant characteristic of the undergraduate degree. "The ascendancy of the disciplines in the late nineteenth century and their continuing dominance throughout the twentieth century have left an indelible imprint on the shape and direction of the academic major" and research affirms that the academic major is the strongest and clearest curricular link to gains in student learning. While general education is considered to be the breadth component of an undergraduate education, the major is commonly deemed the depth aspect. Choice of major has a significant impact on employment prospects and lifetime earnings.

Discourse and disagreement
Through its development, scholars, academics, and educators have disagreed on the purpose and nature of the undergraduate major. Generally, proponents of the major and departmental system "argue that they enable an academic community to foster the development, conservation and diffusion of knowledge." In contrast, critics "claim that they promote intellectual tribalism, where specialization receives favor over the mastery of multiple epistemologies, where broader values of liberal learning and of campus unity are lost, and where innovation is inhibited due to parochial opposition to new sub-specialties and research methods."

Difference from academic concentration
In many universities, an academic concentration is a focus within a specific academic major, that is a field of study within a specific academic major. For example, interdisciplinary programs in humanities or social sciences will require a student to pick a specific academic concentration as a focus within their academic major, such as an academic major in Interdisciplinary Humanities with an academic concentration in Film or an academic major in Interdisciplinary Social Sciences with an academic concentration in Geography. At several art schools and liberal arts colleges, an academic concentration serves a similar function to an academic minor at other universities, that is an academic discipline outside of the student's academic major in which they take a number of classes. At Brown University and Harvard University, however, the term "concentration" refers simply to the major field.

At the doctoral studies level, an academic major or major field refers to a student's primary focus within their degree program while a minor or minor field refers to their secondary focus. For example, a doctoral student studying history might pursue their degree in history with a major field in war and society and a minor field in postcolonial studies.

Impacted majors
An impacted major is a major for which more students apply for than the school can accommodate, a classic example of demand exceeding supply. When that occurs, the major becomes "impacted" and so is susceptible to higher standards of admission.

For example, suppose that a school has minimum requirements are SATs of 1100 and a GPA of 3.0. If a person applies to an impacted major, the school can raise the minimum requirements as much as needed to weed out the students that it is unable to accommodate. Because of this, some students may opt to apply to a school as "Undeclared". If in the above example the school implements requirements of SATs of 1300 and a GPA of 3.4 for the impacted major, a student may find it better to apply as "Undeclared" if they meet only the minimum requirements. However, many universities, such as the University of California, Berkeley, may in turn present more difficult requirements (such as a GPA requirement in certain prerequisite classes) to enter an impacted major even once accepted to the university overall.

See also

References

Further reading

External links
 Index of college majors at The Princeton Review
 College major profile at The College Board

Higher education in Canada
Higher education in the United States
School terminology

Academic major


Anatoli Isaevici Kudriavițki (în , ; n. 17 august 1954, Moscova, URSS) este un poet, prozator, traducător irlandez cu origini ruse.

Biografie
Tatăl Jerzy – de loc din Polonia, a fost ofițer naval, care a servit în flota rusă cu sediul în Orientul Îndepărtat. Mama lui Nelly Kitterick, un profesor de muzică, a fost fiica unui irlandez de la Mayo, care a sfîrsit în Gulag. După ce a trăit în Rusia și Germania, Kudryavitsky trăiește acum în Dublin.

El a fost educat la Universitatea de Medicină din Moscova, unde a primit un doctorat în științe biomedicale. A lucrat ca cercetător, jurnalist și traducător literar și a emigrat din Rusia în 1999. Între 2006 și 2009 a predat scriere creativă la Centrul Irlandez al Scriitorilor. A publicat trei romane, câteva nuvele și povestiri, opt colecții de poezii în rusă și trei în engleză. A fondat Societatea irlandeză de Haiku în 2006 și a fost ales președinte al acesteia. El este, de asemenea, editorul fondator al Shamrock Haiku Journal. Traducerile sale de haiku-română în limba engleză au fost publicate în Shamrock Haiku Journal.

Volume publicate

Romane
1. Истории из жизни сыщика Мыллса (Cazul-Book al inspectorului Mylls) (Moscova, Zaharov Books, 2008)
2. Летучий Голландец (Olandezul Zburator) (Moscova, Text Publishers, 2013)
3. Игра теней в бессолнечный день (Un joc de umbre pe o zi fără soare). (Moscova, Text Publishers, 2014). Traducere engleză: Glagoslav Publicații, Londra, 2013.

Poezie
În limba rusă
1. В белом огне ожиданья (In flacara alba a asteptarii) (Sov VIP-Press, Moscova - Oslo, 1994)
2. Поле вечных историй (Domeniul Poveștilor Eterne) (Al Treilea Val, Moscova / Jersey City, New Jersey, 1996)
3. Граффити (Graffiti) (Al Treilea Val, 1998)
4. Книга для посетителей (Cartea vizitatorilor) (Al Treilea Val, 2001)
5. Ветер зеленых звезд (Vântul de la stele verzi. Nou și poezii selectate). DOOS Books, Moscova, 2015.

În limba engleză
1. Shadow of Time (Goldsmith Press, Newbridge, Irlanda, 2005)
2. Morning Mount Ring (Doghouse Books, Tralee, Irlanda, 2007)
3. Capering Moons (Doghouse Books, Tralee, Irlanda, 2011)
4. Horizon (Red Moon Press, S.U.A., 2016)
5. The Two-Headed Man and the Paper Life (MadHat Press, Cheshire, Massachusetts, S.U.A., 2019)
5. Scultura involontaria (Engleză, cu traduceri în italiană). Casa della poesia, Italia, 2020.
5. Ten Thousand Birds: New and Selected Haiku and Haibun (Cyberwit Press, India, 2020)

În limba romană
1. Bărbatul cu două capete și viața de hârtie. Editura Revers, 2017.

Referințe

Poeți ruși
Poeți_irlandezi
Scriitori ruși
Nașteri în 1954

Anatoli Kudriavițki


Norodom Suramarit (,  ; 6 March 1896 – 3 April 1960) was King of Cambodia from 3 March 1955 until his death in 1960. He was the father of King Norodom Sihanouk and the grandfather of Cambodia's current king, Norodom Sihamoni. Suramarit was born in Phnom Penh to Prince Norodom Sutharot. When his grandfather King Norodom died in 1904, Norodom's brother Sisowath took the throne. King Sisowath died in 1927 and was succeeded by his son Monivong.

Suramarit married Monivong's daughter Sisowath Kosamak. Upon Monivong's death in 1941, Sihanouk, Suramarit's son and Monivong's grandson, was selected as the new king. In 1955, Sihanouk abdicated in favor of his father. He was formally crowned on 6 March 1956, which coincided with his 60th birthday.

Following Suramarit's death in 1960, Sihanouk became Chief of State, while Suramarit's wife Sisowath Kosamak became Queen. Suramarit was given the posthumous title of Preah Karuna Preah Norodom Suramarit Preah Moha Kachanakkot ().

Honours

National
  Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Cambodia (1941)

Foreign
  Grand Commander of the Most Glorious Order of the Truth (Agga Maha Thiri Thudhamma) (Burma)
  Commander of the Order of the Legion of Honour (French Republic, 1939)
  Grand Officer of the Order of the Legion of Honour (French Republic)
  Knight Grand Cordon of the Supreme Order of the Crysanthemun (Empire of Japan)
  Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Million Elephants and the White Parasol (Kingdom of Laos, 1955)
  Knight of the Most Illustrious Order of the Royal House of Chakri (Kingdom of Thailand)
  Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the Dragon of Annam (Empire of Vietnam)
  Knight Grand Cross of the National Order of Vietnam (Empire of Vietnam)
  Honorary Recipient of the Order of the Crown of the Realm (Malaysia)
  Honorary Recipient of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class (Soviet Union, 7 July 1956)
  Knight Grand Cordon of the Order of the White Lion (Czechoslovakia, 14 July 1956)

References

Norodom Suramarit
Norodom Suramarit
Cambodian Buddhists
20th-century Cambodian monarchs
Cambodian Buddhist monarchs
House of Norodom
People from Phnom Penh
Grand Officers of the Legion of Honour
Commanders of the Legion of Honour
Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Cambodia
Recipients of the Order of the Dragon of Annam
Recipients of the National Order of Vietnam
Recipients of the Order of Suvorov, 1st class

Norodom Suramarit