Carl Schlüter (* 24. Oktober 1846 in Pinneberg; † 26. Oktober 1884 in Dresden) war ein deutscher Bildhauer.

Leben

Carl Schlüter wurde als Sohn des Arztes August Marcus Dietrich Schlüter im schleswig-holsteinischen Pinneberg geboren. Schon seit seiner Kindheit offenbarte er eine ungewöhnliche Begabung für die Kunst und wurde vom Vater in seinen künstlerischen Bestrebungen wirksam gefördert. Er studierte von 1865 bis 1868 an der Kunstakademie in Dresden und war Schüler von Johannes Schilling. Im Atelier von Schilling entstand 1871 sein erstes Werk, eine überlebensgroße Statue eines Germanen, der mit dem Fuß römische Waffen und Legionsadler zertritt. Dieses Werk wurde in Dresden von der Kunstakademie mit der kleinen Medaille in Gold und in Wien mit der Medaille zur Weltausstellung geehrt.

Auf Grund des sinkenden Einkommens beantragte der Vater beim Kultusministerium in Berlin eine finanzielle Unterstützung, die auch geehrt wurde. Vom akademischen Rat in Dresden mehrfach ausgezeichnet, wurde Schlüter im März 1873 vom preußischen Ministerium ein Reisestipendium zu einem zweijährigen Aufenthalt in Italien bewilligt. Im Herbst 1873 reiste er über Venedig, Bologna und Florenz nach Rom, wo er bis 1876 blieb. Dort entstand für den Geheimrat Hitzig in Berlin sein Hauptwerk, der Hirtenknabe, den er zunächst in Bronze und 1878 in Marmor ausführte. Dieses Werk wurde von der Nationalgalerie Berlin angekauft.

Ab November 1876 lebte er wieder in Dresden. Im August 1880 heiratete er die Tochter des Musikschriftstellers Emil Naumann, Agathe Naumann. Erst die Büste seiner jugendlichen Frau, eine der besten Porträtbüsten der neueren deutschen Kunst, ließ erkennen, auf welchem Gebiet die eigentliche Begabung zu suchen ist. Dieses Werk befindet sich im Besitz der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Nationalgalerie und in der Kieler Kunsthalle.

Er pflegte enge Kontakte zu Georg Treu. Neben seinen Arbeiten schuf er eine Vielzahl an Porträtbüsten, Bildnisbüsten und -reliefs, bevorzugt von weiblichen Modellen, sowie Statuetten und figürliche Plastik mit antikisierenden Motiven und Genremotiven. Er schuf farbige und getönte Skulpturen. Für das Königliche Hoftheater in Dresden schuf er zwölf Bildnismedaillons für die Logenbrüstungen des ersten Ranges. Zu seinen Werken zählen ebenfalls Kleinplastiken aus Bronze. Einige Plastiken sind im Besitz der Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen Dresden.

Im Oktober 1884 erkrankte er an Diphtherie und starb bereits am 26. desselben Monats. Er wurde in Dresden auf dem Trinitatisfriedhof beigesetzt.

Werke (Auswahl)
 1869: Grabmal mit Bronzemedaillon für den Bildhauer Joseph Herrmann, Alter Katholischer Friedhof Dresden
 1876: Bronzefigur Hirtenknabe, Privatbesitz
 1878: Marmorfigur Hirtenknabe, Nationalgalerie Berlin, Kriegsverlust
 1878: für das Königliche Hoftheater Dresden zwölf Bildnismedaillons
 1880: Porträtbüste Agathe Schlüter, Gattin des Künstlers, Bronze, Nationalgalerie Berlin und Kunsthalle zu Kiel

Literatur

 Schlüter, Karl H. W. In: Hermann Alexander Müller: Biographisches Künstler-Lexikon. Die bekanntesten Zeitgenossen auf dem Gebiet der bildenden Künste aller Länder mit Angabe ihrer Werke. Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1882, S. 470. (Digitalisat)
 Ulrich Schulte-Wülwer: Sehnsucht nach Arkadien – Schleswig-Holsteinische Künstler in Italien. Heide 2009, ISBN 978-3-8042-1284-8, S. 287f.

Weblinks
 Arbeit von Carl Schlüter auf bildindex.de

Einzelnachweise

Bildhauer (Dresden)
Bildhauer (Deutschland)
Person (Pinneberg)
Deutscher
Geboren 1846
Gestorben 1884
Mann

Carl Schlüter


Hanna Zuschneid (geborene Beth, verwitwete Grages; * 8. Dezember 1922; † 27. August 2010) war eine deutsche Turnerin. Sie war Teilnehmerin an den Olympischen Sommerspielen 1952 in Helsinki und bei den Turn-Weltmeisterschaften 1954 in Rom. Sie stammte aus Borstel (Verden), einem Stadtteil der Stadt Verden (Aller) in Niedersachsen.

Weblinks
 Hanna Zuschneid prägte eindrucksvoll Turnen und Leichtathletik in Verden. Eine Ausnahmesportlerin, die einfach immer lachte. Nachruf/Artikel vom 2. Oktober 2010 in der Kreiszeitung

Einzelnachweise

Turner (Deutschland)
Olympiateilnehmer (Deutschland)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1952
Deutscher
Geboren 1922
Gestorben 2010
Frau

Hanna Zuschneid


Le sillon du sinus transverse (ou gouttière du sinus latéral) est une longue rainure qui longe la surface interne de la base du crâne.

Il démarre par un premier segment sur la face interne de l'écaille de l'os occipital, s'étendant latéralement entre les fosses supérieure et inférieure de l'éminence cruciforme. C'est le sillon du sinus transverse proprement dit.

Il se poursuit par un court segment pariétal : le sillon du sinus sigmoïde de l'os pariétal, puis par un segment mastoïdien : le sillon du sinus sigmoïde de la partie pétreuse de l'os temporal et pour finir un segment jugulaire ascendant : le sillon du sinus sigmoïde de l'os occipital.

Il contient le sinus transverse.

Galerie

Voir aussi
 Os occipital
 Protubérance occipitale interne
 Sinus transverse de la dure-mère

Notes et références

Crâne

Sillon du sinus transverse


Lego Trains er en produktlinje produceret af den danske legetøjskoncern LEGO, der inkorporerer modeltog. Lego Trains blev et undertema til Lego City i 2006. Produktlinjen har inkluderet lokomotiver, jernbanespor, jernbanestation, sikringsanlæg og andet rullende materiel og bygninger i relation til jernbaner. Temaet er populært blandt både voksne fans og børn, og det har affødt flere internationale grupper og messer. Tog-systemet omtales nogle gange som 'L-målestok' blandt fandt, som reference til traditionelle skalaer ved modeltog, idet Lego Trains bruger en sporvidde på 37,5 mm, hvilket er 5,5 mm bredere end skala 0. Dette er affødt af, at centerlinjen på 44 mm, hvilket svarer til fem Lego knopper.

Se også
 Lego City

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Lego Trains on Brickset
 Bill Ward's Brickpile: Track Layout Geometry

Trains

Lego Trains


Kharagpur es una ciudad de la India, en el distrito de Munger, estado de Bihar.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 58  a 214 km de la capital estatal, Patna, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según estimación 2011 contaba con una población de 28 175 habitantes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Bihar

Kharagpur (Bihar)


Annales Laurissenses steht für:

 Annales Laurissenses minores, historiographische Texte aus dem Kloster Lorsch zu den Jahren 680 bis 817, siehe Kleine Lorscher Frankenchronik
 Annales Laurissenses maiores, Auflistung von Ereignissen im Fränkischen Reich zu den Jahren 741 bis 829, siehe Annales regni Francorum

Siehe auch:
 Lorscher Annalen, Jahresberichte aus dem Fränkischen Reich zu den Jahren 703 bis 803
 Fragmentum chesnii, Geschichte des Frankenreichs von 768 bis 790

Annales Laurissenses


Ipecaetá es un municipio brasileño del estado de Bahía. En 2007 su población estimada era de 17.972 habitantes. Posee un área de 395,4 km² y una densidad demográfica de 45,45 hab/km².

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Bahía

Ipecaetá


Maria Assumpció Català i Poch (España), 14 de julio de 1925-ibídem, 3 de julio de 2009) fue una profesora, matemática, y astrónoma española, que se dedicó a la docencia desde 1952 hasta 1991.

Comenzó como ayudante de la Sección de Astronomía del Seminario Matemático de Barcelona, ligado al Patronato de Alfonso X el Sabio del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Posteriormente, trabajó en el Instituto Henri Poincaré y también colaboró con la cátedra especial de Tecnología de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña.

En 1970, se convirtió en la primera mujer que obtuvo el doctorado en Ciencias en el Departamento de Matemáticas de la Universidad de Barcelona (UB), con una tesis que se titulaba Contribución al estudio de la dinámica de los sistemas estelares de simetría cilíndrica. Además, llevó a cabo observaciones sistemáticas de manchas solares, cálculo de órbitas y eclipses durante más de treinta años y dirigió once tesis de licenciatura y siete tesis doctorales.

Representó durante 15 años a España en la Comisión 46 de la Unión Astronómica Internacional sobre la enseñanza de la astronomía y, desde 1997 hasta su fallecimiento en el año 2009, fue asesora científica en la sección de astronomía de la edición española de la revista National Geographic.

Se jubiló en 1984, pero continuó asistiendo a eventos como las reuniones semestrales de la Sociedad Española de Astronomía, lo que la mantuvo en contacto con las comunidades astronómicas y universitarias.

Biografía

Infancia
Su padre, Albert Català, trabajaba en la banca y su madre, Assumpció Poch, era maestra, pero dejó de trabajar en cuanto contrajo matrimonio. Català i Poch fue la mayor de cinco hermanos, cuatro hijas y un hijo.

Debido al trabajo del padre, toda la familia se mudó a Montblanch cuando Català aún era pequeña. No obstante, aunque inició sus estudios allí, continuó su educación primaria en las Escuelas Católicas del Sagrado Corazón y María Inmaculada de Barcelona, ya que volvieron poco después de haberse trasladado.

Estudios superiores
Cuando acabó la Guerra Civil, cursó el Bachillerato en el Instituto Poeta Maragall y en 1947 empezó la carrera en la UB. Que una mujer estudiara en aquella época era algo excepcional, sin embargo, el padre de Català quería que todos sus hijos tuvieran la oportunidad de hacer lo que quisieran.

No obstante, fue el tío abuelo de los hermanos el que les enseñó las curiosidades del universo. Jaume Poch i Garí era catedrático de Geografía, al que le apasionaba la astronomía. El profesor llevaba a sus sobrinos nietos a la montaña y les enseñaba a situarse buscando los puntos cardinales o a averiguar la hora del día mirando la sombra de las ramas y, cuando se hacía de noche, les mostraba los secretos del universo. Más tarde Poch i Garí le daba problemas astronómicos y filosóficos para que los resolviera a Català cuando estaba en el instituto. De esta forma, le transmitió a Català su pasión por esta rama de la ciencia y por las estrellas.

Cuando Català comenzó en la UB, la única carrera en la que se podía estudiar Astronomía era la de Matemáticas y, en aquel tiempo, tan solo había cinco mujeres estudiándola. Sin embargo, el número de mujeres estudiantes fue disminuyendo conforme la carrera iba avanzando y, cuando Català estaba en el tercer curso, era la única estudiante. En 1953 se licenció y continuó con sus estudios preparándose el doctorado. La situación económica precaria de la posguerra, junto con la voluntad de seguir la tradición familiar, hicieron que se presentara a las oposiciones a profesor de secundaria de Matemáticas, una profesión que ejerció durante doce años, desde 1963 hasta 1975, en el Instituto Infanta Isabel de Barcelona.

En 1971 aprobó su tesis doctoral, lo que la hizo la primera mujer que consiguió el doctorado en Matemáticas en la UB y, en ese mismo año, comenzó a trabajar como profesora en el Departamento de Astronomía de la UB.

Trayectoria

Carrera profesional
Empezó a trabajar mientras asistía a las clases que le faltaban para conseguir el doctorado. Entre 1952 y 1970 trabajó en la Facultad de Ciencias de la UB como ayudante de clases prácticas de las asignaturas Astronomía General y Topografía, Astronomía Esférica y Geodesia, Matemáticas, Matemáticas Especiales, Ampliación de Matemáticas para químicos y Mecánica Racional con nociones de Mecánica Celeste.

Por otra parte, fue la encargada de la Facultad de Ciencias de la UB durante los cursos 1957-1958 y desde el 1968 hasta el 1971. Entre 1960 y 1974 fue profesora adjunta en la Facultad de Ciencias y desde 1965 a 1967, fue profesora de Matemáticas en la Facultad de Farmacia.

Desde 1971 hasta el comienzo de los años 80, colaboró con la Cátedra Especial de Tecnologías del Espacio de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña impartiendo clases de Astrodinámica y Mecánica Celeste.

En 1975 empezó a trabajar como profesora adjunta numeraria en la Facultad de Física de la UB, después de haber aprobado las oposiciones para trabajar como profesora de Astronomía. Este puesto hizo que se convirtiera en la primera astrónoma que trabajaba como profesora numeraria en una universidad española. Por otra parte, entre 1982 y 1984, trabajó allí como profesora agregada enseñando Astronomía, Astrofísica, Geofísica y Geodesia; esta última cuando se reanudó su impartición en la Facultad de Astronomía y Meteorología de la UB, lo que la hizo colaborar científicamente con el Instituto Cartográfico de Cataluña. En esta universidad trabajó hasta que se jubiló con 65, que era la edad de jubilación estipulada por la ley en aquella época.

Paralelamente, la doctora impartió seminarios específicos y cursos monográficos sobre astronomía y, también, trabajó en la labor de visibilización de la mujer en el campo de la astronomía, formando parte de Ella es astrónoma, un grupo que se creó para reivindicar el papel de la mujer en la astronomía, y participando junto con otras astrónomas en Mujeres en las estrellas, un canal de televisión de la UNED.

Además de haber sido profesora, tanto de secundaria como de universidad, también tuvo cargos en importantes organizaciones internacionales y nacionales. Por ejemplo, fue miembro de la Unión Astronómica Internacional (UAI) desde 1976 y, durante 15 años, la representante española de la Comisión 46 para la enseñanza de la astronomía de esta asociación. Por otra parte, fue miembro de la Sociedad Astronómica Europea, la Sociedad Española de Astronomía, la Sociedad Catalana de Historia de la Ciencia y la Técnica y de la Sociedad Catalana de Matemáticas. También tuvo el privilegio de formar parte del Grupo de Investigación de Historia de las Ciencias desde 1978 y, desde 1985, del Instituto Millàs Vallicrosa de Historia de la Ciencia Árabe. Además, desde 1997, fue asesora científica de la Sección de Astronomía de la edición española de National Geographic.

Asimismo, fue miembro de la Comisión de Enseñanza de Astronomía que creó la Direcció General de Batxillerat y que promovió el Departamento de Física de la Tierra y Cosmológica de la UB en 1983.

Otro de los rasgos que describe su carrera profesional es su trabajo con la ciencia médica y árabe, así como el material de estudio que creó en forma de libros y apuntes, como Apuntes de Astronomía, que ha sido utilizado por generaciones de astrónomos y que sigue siendo utilizado aún.

Se jubiló en 1990.

Carrera investigadora
En 1954, Català recibió una beca del CSIC para que investigara en la astronomía de posición, con cálculo y rectificación de órbitas de cometas. Además, en el Año Geofísico Internacional (1957-1958), trabajó en astronomía observacional, cálculo y rectificación de órbitas de cometas y observación diaria de manchas y protuberancias solares en el Observatorio de la Cátedra de Astronomía de la UB, en colaboración con el Observatorio Astronómico Nacional. Estas colaboraciones investigadoras tuvieron importantes resultados, como el descubrimiento de la radiación del cinturón de Van Allen y el lanzamiento del primer satélite Sputnik I.

Desde 1957 hasta 1969 fue ayudante de la Sección de Astronomía del Seminario Matemático de Barcelona del Patronato Alfonso X el Sabio del CSIC, aunque su trayectoria científica comenzó en este lugar como becaria. En 1965 colaboró en la investigación en la especialidad de Astronomía Árabe para una Ayuda para la Investigación en la Universidad en Historia de la Ciencia.

Entre 1974 y 1990, además de investigar sobre la astronomía de posición, trabajó en el estudio de la dinámica de los sistemas estelares.

En 1978, recibió la beca Ajut per al Foment de la Investigació en la Universitat. Esta beca le permitió investigar en el campo de la astronomía de posición, los eclipses, los cálculos de ocultaciones y tránsitos, la dinámica de los sistemas estelares y la dinámica galáctica. Al mismo tiempo, entre 1976 y 1979, visitó por motivos laborales el Instituto Henri Poincaré dentro del Programa de Cooperación Científica Hispano Francesa, la Universidad de París VI.

Català investigó la estructura de la nube de Oort de cometas en el Observatoire de Meudon y también tuvo la oportunidad de formar parte de diferentes proyectos subvencionados, como por ejemplo, del proyecto de la Agencia Espacial Europea Selección y determinación de posiciones de estrellas y planetas como apoyo al satélite astrométrico Hipparcos.

Aparte de su labor investigadora, también nos ha dejado estudios sobre la ciencia árabe, como Las obras matemáticas de Maslama de Madrid (1965), Arquímedes árabe: el tratado de los círculos tangentes (1968) y Dos tratados del Arquímedes árabe: tratado de los círculos tangentes y el libro de los triángulos (1971).

Premios y reconocimientos
 Profesora emérita con carácter honorífico por la UB en 2004.

 2009 Creu de Sant Jordi.

Epónimos
 Desde marzo de 2016 el telescopio reflector Dall-Kirham del observatorio del Centre d'Observació de l'Univers en Àger en Lérida se llama Telescopio Asunción Catalán. Fue el primer telescopio con nombre de mujer del Estado Español.
Desde abril de 2018 el interior de manzana Comte Borrell 305 de Barcelona tiene el nombre " Jardí d'Assumpció Català".

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Comunicaciones de la UB

Nacidos en Barcelona
Fallecidos en Barcelona
Astrónomos de España del siglo XX
Alumnado de Ciencias Matemáticas de la Universidad de Barcelona
Profesores de la Universidad de Barcelona
Galardonados con la Creu de Sant Jordi
Astrónomos de Barcelona
Mujeres matemáticas de España
Astrónomas
Matemáticos de España del siglo XX

María Asunción Català


Baudenkmäler nach Ortsteilen

Oberneukirchen

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Weitere Ortsteile

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Ehemalige Baudenkmäler

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Siehe auch
 Liste der Bodendenkmäler in Oberneukirchen (Oberbayern)

Anmerkungen

Literatur

Weblinks

!
Oberneukirchen Oberbayern
Baudenkmaler Oberneukirchen Oberbayern

Liste der Baudenkmäler in Oberneukirchen (Oberbayern)


The Grey King is a contemporary fantasy novel by Susan Cooper, published almost simultaneously by Chatto & Windus and Atheneum in 1975. It is the fourth of five books in her Arthurian fantasy series The Dark is Rising.

The Grey King won the inaugural Tir na n-Og Award from the Welsh Books Council as the year's best English-language children's book with an "authentic Welsh background". It is set in Wales and incorporates Welsh folklore as well as Arthurian material, especially that of the Brenin Llwyd (). It also won the annual Newbery Medal recognizing the year's "most distinguished contribution to American children's literature".

Characters

Will Stanton is a primary character in the series. Here he is recovering from hepatitis with physician's orders to remain out of school for at least a month, so his mother sends him to his uncle David Evans in Wales. There he meets Bran and their adventures begin.
Bran Davies (the raven boy) is an albino boy with golden eyes, near Will's age. He is a loner, without friends at school, and he is not permitted to be out after school. He has a white dog, Cafall, who is able to see the wind (Cafall was the name of King Arthur's dog).

Bran is Welsh for 'crow'. He may be named after King Bran Fendigaid ("Bran the Blessed"), a Celtic god known from both Welsh and Irish mythology, who was moralized as a monarch of North Wales

Owen Davies is Bran's adoptive father. He had admitted a mother and her baby who appeared at his farm, cared for them, and proposed marriage. She was gone the next day, leaving the baby in his care. Owen doesn't want to lose Bran, so he is very protective.
The Brenin Llwyd, or the Grey King, is the evil lord opposing the Light in this novel. He is said to be the most powerful (and perhaps the oldest) lord of the Dark, but he has limitations. He is not allowed to break the laws of The High Magic. He may be forced to remain at his home Cader Idris.

"The Breath of the Grey King" is spoken of with dread in the mountains near his home. A thick fog that descends in the space of a few heartbeats, it drives unwary travelers to their deaths by hiding the edges of precipices and scree slopes.

Milgwn are huge grey foxes that the Grey King has bent to his will. It is said they can walk through his fog in secret and leave no track. They are not of this world, although they walk upon it, and they are known to attack when no ordinary fox would do so. Most mortals cannot see the Milgwn. Bran, however, is privileged and can see them. Will is an Old One (or "Dewin", in Welsh) and so he too can see them.
Milgwn (singular: milgi) is Welsh for 'greyhounds'.

Caradog Prichard is a bitter and corrupt man whom the Grey King is able to manipulate, not a willing agent. According to legend, someone who spends the night on Cader Idris becomes either a poet or a madman. Caradog hoped to be a poet and spent the night on the mountain; he is not a poet and often acts as if insane.
He may be named after the Welsh poet Caradog Prichard.

Geography

The geography described in the book is based very closely on the real geography in and around the Dysynni Valley in Gwynedd in north-west Wales. References include the town of Tywyn, Cader Idris and Bird Rock (Craig yr Aderyn).

Critical reception
At the time of the book's publication, Kirkus Reviews said, "Cooper is clearly building towards a thumping conclusion in the fifth and next volume and even those of us who have doubts about the significance of all this thunderous moral absolutism will want to get in on the action."

In a retrospective essay about the Newbery Medal-winning books from 1976 to 1985, literary critic Zena Sutherland wrote, "While The Grey King can be read profitably on its own, it gains stature when read in sequence, and it is masterful in the meshing of the fantastic elements and their realistic matrix... It has the classic form of the quest, and its intricate yet cohesive plot is developed with a high sense of drama—and even a bit of the inevitability of a Greek tragedy. It is no small thing to make a character believable both as a mortal child and as an immortal and a powerful magician."

Karen Patricia Smith has written, "Will is assisted in his quest for a golden harp by several people, including Bran, son of King Arthur, brought forward in time. Cooper continues her exploration of the many guises of evil and reiterates the theme that the Dark is a wily foe, capable of taking many forms."

Mary Corran said that "in The Grey King, it is human emotions which are the danger—jealousy, anger and hate, which open mortal minds to the invasion of the Dark. The fourth book is strongly Arthurian in content ... Cooper deals with the innate antagonism between mortals and immortals impressively, and in The Grey King reaches great heights as she mingles the worlds and peoples of legend and the present day."

See also

Brenin Llwyd, mythological spectre which was the basis for the Grey King.

Notes

References

1975 British novels
Newbery Medal–winning works
Novels by Susan Cooper
Low fantasy novels
1975 fantasy novels
Novels set in Wales
Welsh fantasy novels
Chatto & Windus books
Modern Arthurian fiction
Children's books set in Wales

The Grey King


Neu Boltenhagen er en by og kommune i det nordøstlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Lubmin i den nordvestlige del af Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald. Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald ligger i delstaten Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

Geografi
Neu Boltenhagen er beliggende mellem Greifswald og Wolgast, øst for Dänische Wiek (del af Greifswalder Bodden). Den ligger i sydenden af Ziesebruchs, hvor vandløbet Ziese løber mod øst til Peenestrom. Kommunen ligger nord for Bundesstraße B 109. Cirka 14 kilometer vest for kommunen ligger byen Greifswald, og ni kilometer mod nordøst ligger amtets administrationsby Lubmin.

I kommunen finder man ud over Neu Boltenhagen, landsbyerne Karbow og Lodmannshagen.

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

 Kommunens side på amtets websted
 Befolkningsstatistik mm

Byer i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Kommuner i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Amt Lubmin
Byer i Kreis Vorpommern-Greifswald

Neu Boltenhagen


Sylverius (død 2. december 537) var pave fra 8. juni 536 til han forlod posten i 537 få måneder inden sin død. Han var den legitime søn af Pave Hormisdas, og blev født inden faderen blev præst.

Referencer

Paver i middelalderen

Pave Sylverius


මිනිසා විසින් පරිභෝජනය කරන කෑම හෙවත් ආහාර  පිලිබඳව මෙම ලිපියෙන් සාකච්චා කෙරේ.

රස
මිනිසාට දැනෙන ප්‍රධාන රස වර්ග කීපයකි. සංස්කෘතිය අනුව මෙම රස වර්ග කිරීම වෙනස්වේ.

ප්‍රධාන රස
 පැණිරස
 ඇඹුල්
 තිත්ත
 ලුණුරස

සමහර සංස්කෘතීන්වල පමණක් හඳුනාගන්නා රස
 කහට රස (දකුණු ආසියාව)
 උමාමි රස (ජපානය)
 කටු රස (අායුර්වෙිද ෂඩ රසය අනුව)

විවිධ වෛද්‍ය ක්‍රමවල ආහාර පිලිබඳ මත

ආයුර්වේදය
ආයුර්වේදයට අනුව ආහාරයක අංග 8ක් ඇත
 ප්‍රකෘති - ආහාරයේ ලගු/ගුරු බව
 කරණ - පිසින ක්‍රමය
 සංයෝග
 රාශි -අනුපාත සහ ප්‍රමාණ
 දේශ
 කාල
 උපයෝග සංස්ථා
 උපයෝක්තෘ

 ආහාරපාන

මිනිසාගේ ආහාර


Arundhati Pantawane (* 2. September 1989 in Nagpur) ist eine indische Badmintonspielerin.

Karriere
Arundhati Pantawane wurde bei der indischen Badmintonmeisterschaft 2011 Vizemeisterin im Dameneinzel hinter Aditi Mutatkar. Platz zwei belegte sie ebenfalls bei den Estonian International 2011 und den Czech International 2011. Bei den China Masters 2011 und der Singapur Super Series 2011 schied sie dagegen in Runde eins des Hauptfeldes aus. 2012 scheiterte sie mit dem indischen Nationalteam in der Qualifikation zum Uber Cup 2012.

Weblinks

Badmintonspieler (Indien)
Teilnehmer an den Asienspielen (Indien)
Inder
Geboren 1989
Frau

Arundhati Pantawane


بيرنارد باردو ( في غاردان)  لاعب كرة قدم فرنسي معتزل كان يجيد اللعب في خط الوسط .

لعب باردو في أندية غاردان، بولوني (1978-1979) ليل (1979-1980) بريست (1980-1985) سانت إتيان (1985-1986) طولون (1986-1989) بوردو (1989-1990) مرسيليا (1990-1991) باريس سان جيرمان (1991-1992) طولون مجددا (1993-1994) .

ساهم باردو في تتويج نادي مرسيليا ببطولة دوري الدرجة الأولى موسم 1990/1991 .

شارك باردو مع منتخب فرنسا في 13 مباراة دولية في الفترة من 1988 إلى 1991 .

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية فرنسيون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
فرنسيون من أصل أرمني
لاعبو أولمبيك مارسيليا
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو باريس سان جيرمان
لاعبو بريست
لاعبو بوردو
لاعبو بولوني
لاعبو سانت إتيان
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون
لاعبو ليل
لاعبو منتخب فرنسا لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي تولون
مواليد 1960
مواليد في غاردان

بيرنارد باردو


عثمان غالب بن محمد حسن الخربوطلي، المعروف باسم عثمان غالب (باشا) (1845-1920) كان طبيباً وعالم نبات مصرياً. ولد بالجيزة سنة 1845 وتخرج في مدرسة طب قصر العيني بالقاهرة سنة 1871 ثم أرسل في بعثة إلى فرنسا بين عامي 1871 و1879، وبعد عودته إلى مصر عين سنة 1881 مدرساً للتاريخ الطبيعي بمدرسة الطب، ثم وكيلاً لها ولمستشفى قصر العيني ورئيساً لحديقة النباتات الملحقة بهما.

أبحاثه ومؤلفاته
لعثمان غالب أبحاث قيمة في علم الديدان نشرت في أوروبا وفي مصر، كما انصرف أيضاً إلى دراسة علم النبات حتى أتقنه، وبرع أيضاً في التصوير.

من أهم مؤلفاته «علم الحيوانات اللافقارية» (1886) وكتاب «مختصر في تركيب أعضاء النبات ووظائفها»، الذي طبع سنة 1887، وبحث مع زميل يسمى «يعقوب أفندي» عن توليد أنواع الدخان والتمباك بمصر، ألفه بطلب من الحكومة المصرية، حيث كانت النية أن يتم إرساله إلى كوبا لهذا الغرض، ولكن ذلك لم يتم بعد خلع الخديوي إسماعيل. كذلك فقد كتب غالب عن دودة ورق القطن عام 1879 ووصف طريقة إبادتها.

تلامذته
 على باشا إبراهيم

هجرته إلى سويسرا ثم وفاته
بعد إحالته إلى التقاعد عام 1898 هاجر إلى سويسرا حيث مات في 28 يناير 1920 ودفن ببلدة قرب مدينة مونترو حسب وصيته. سمي باسمه أحد شوارع مصر الجديدة.

المراجع

أساتذة قصر العيني في القرن 19
أشخاص من محافظة الجيزة
أطباء مصريون
علماء نبات مصريون
مواليد 1845
مواليد في محافظة الجيزة
وفيات 1930
وفيات في سويسرا

عثمان غالب


النخبة مفردة جمعها (النخب)
في النظريات السياسية والاجتماعية، النخبة هي مجموعة صغيرة من الأشخاص المسيطرين على موارد مالية ضخمة وقوة سياسية تأثيرية كبيرة. بشكل عام، النخبة تعني مجموعة من الأشخاص الأكثر قدرة من غيرهم.

كما تدل كلمة نخبة أو صفوة في اللغة العربية معنى الخلاصة، فيقال صفوة الشيء خلاصته وخياره، ويقال اصطفاه أي اختاره ، والصفوة من الماء ونحوه، تعني القليل، وانتخب الشيء اختاره، والنخبة ما اختار منه، ونخبة القوم خيارهم، والانتخاب هو الاختيار والانتقاء، ومنه النخبة وهم جماعة تختار من الرجال.

وتعبر كلمة النخبة عن طبقة معينة أو شريحة منقاة من أي نوع عام. كما أن هناك مصطلح التزاوج الانتخابي في علم الأحياء
وهي تعني أيضا الأقلية المنتخبة أو المنتقاة من مجموعة اجتماعية (مجتمع أو دولة أو طائفة دينية أو حزب سياسي أو إعلام) تمارس نفوذا غالبا في تلك المجموعة عادة بفضل مواهبها الفعلية أو الخاصة المفترضة.
 لا يمكننا الحديث عن النخبة إلا في داخل أحد فروع النشاط: (لنضع إذن طبقة من الذين يتمتعون بالمؤشرات الأكثر ارتفاعاً في الفرع الذي يؤدون فيه نشاطهم ولنعط لهذه الطبقة اسم النخبة). ثمة إذن عدد من النخب بقدر ما يكون لدينا من فروع للنشاطات، وتدعى النخبة التي تمارس نفوذا في أي مجموعة بنخبة المجموعة (النخبة الاجتماعية، النخبة الدينية، النخبة السياسية،....)

النخبة الاجتماعية
غالباً يقصد به الطبقة العليا من المجتمع.. ذات الاهتمام الاجتماعي الأعلى في مجتمعهم..

النخبة هم قادة الرأي العام والمؤثرين فيه ويشكلون اتجاهات الرأي العام وتوجهات المجتمع

النخبة الدينية

استخدم هذا المصطلح من قبل مجموعات دينية كثيرة داخل المجتمعات الإنسانية، وتتمثل في القادة الدينيون، ووجهاء الطوائف الدينية، وعلماء اللاهوت والعقيدة، وكل من يشكلون مراجع دينية، وأصبحوا زعماء لأتباع تجمعهم رابطة دينية؛ فمثلاً: يشكل بابا الكاثوليك وكاردينالات الفاتيكان نخبة المسيحيين، بينما يعد الفقهاء وعلماء الدين عند المسلمين نخبة النخبة الدينية دون منازع.

النخبة السياسية

تعتبر نظرية النخبة السياسية من أهم موضوعات علم الاجتماع السياسي، ولأن الشواهد التاريخية وواقع المجتمعات السابقة والمعاصرة، تتميز بوجود أقلية حاكمة، محتكرة لأهم المناصب السياسية والاجتماعية، وبيدها مقاليد الأمور، وأغلبية محكومة منقادة وليس لها صلة بصنع القرار السياسي بشكل عام.
 أسهم كارل ماركس وماكس فيبر في تأسيس علم الاجتماع السياسي من خلال دراستهما لتطور النظريات السياسية وصلة ذلك بالمجتمع إلا أن تطور هذه النظرية قد وجه سهام النقد للنظرية الاشتراكية فضلا عن النظريات الديمقراطية، لأن نظرية النخبة تشكك بالصحة العلمية لكلا النظريتين، وتبني تحليلها للنظام السياسي انطلاقا من حقيقة القلة الحاكمة والأغلبية المحكومة.
 من رواد نظرية النخبة العالم باريتو، وهو يرى أن النخبة هم أؤلئك الذين يتفوقون في مجالات عملهم في (مباراة الحياة) وحين يجد أن هذا التعريف مستوف يستدرك الأمر وينتقل إلى المجال الأضيق في تعريف النخبة، فيقوم بربط مفهوم النخبة الاجتماعية بقدرة هؤلاء المتفوقين على ممارسة وظائف سياسية أو اجتماعية تخلق منهم طبقة حاكمة ليست بحاجة إلى دعم وتأييد جماهيري لأنها تقتصر في حكمها على مواصفات ذاتية تتمتع بها، وهذا ما يميزها ويؤهلها لاحتكار المناصب.
 يضيف الرائد الثاني موسكا على تعريف باربتو قائلا إن من أهم أسباب تميز الطبقة الحاكمة عن الطبقة المحكومة- وهو هنا لا يأخذ بالمدلول الماركسي لمعنى الطبقة- هو قوة تنظيم الأولى، ووجود دافع وهدف معين تسعى إليه في مواجهة أغلبية غير منظمة، إلا أنه يؤكد على أهمية اعتماد طبقة الحاكمين على موافقة ورضى الجماهير، وهذا الطرح يقرب ما بين نظرية النخبة السياسية الديمقراطية عكس ما انتهى إليه باريتو.
 انطلق الرائد الثالث ميشال روبرتو في تعريف للنخبة السياسية من خلال واقع عمل الأحزاب السياسية ليكتشف بأن هناك عوامل متباينة تحدد طبيعة عمل التنظيمات بدءا من الحزب إلى الدولة، فهو يرى أن النشأة الديمقراطية للأحزاب تتحول بمرور الزمن إلى تنظيمات خاضعة إلى حكم قلة من الأفراد، لأن التنظيم يحتاج إلى أقلية منظمة، وهذه الأقلية تستحوذ على السلطة من خلال موقعها في مركز اتخاذ القرار، وهو ما يسمى بالأقلية الذي لم يلتفت إليه ماركس في دراساته السياسية.
 الرائد الرابع رايت ميلز ومن خلال دراسته لمجتمع الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، فقد ربط بين النخبة وقدرتها على التحكم بموقع اتخاذ القرار، فهي نتاج للبناء المؤسساتي للدولة، وقد وجد أن مؤسسات ثلاث هي المتحكمة في أمريكا وهي العسكرية والسياسية والشركات الكبرى، وهذا معناه أن النخبة تتشكل من أولئك الذين يشغلون مواقع قيادية في هذه المؤسسات.
 يؤكد بوتومور في كتابه النخبة والمجتمع أن ملز متأثر في تعريفه بضغوط الصراع العالمي التي شغلت أمريكا في عصره، وتصنيفه إنما هو بالتالي إشارة إلى تتابع الإحداث..

لقد ساهمت وبشكل مباشر كل هذه الدراسات النظرية في تقارب التعريفات الأخرى مع ما جاء به بوتومور فعرفت القواميس الإنجليزية كلمة (النخبة Elite) بأنها أقوى مجموعة من الناس في المجتمع.

مراجع

انظر أيضًا
 إعلام النخبة

حالات اجتماعية
حكم الأقلية
علاقات بين الأكثريات والأقليات
فئات اجتماعية
كلمات وعبارات في الفرنسية
مجمع صناعي عسكري
مصطلحات سياسية
مصطلحات علوم سياسية
مفاهيم سياسية
نظرية النخبة

نخبة


Viničko polje je krško polje u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Nalazi se u podnožju Zavelima, kod Tomislavgrada. Zauzima 2,23 km2, a nalazi se na 606 metara nadmorske visine. Povremeno je plavljeno. Pripada porječju Cetine. Na rubu polja se nalaze izvori Bilobrkova pećina i Brina.

U polju se nalazi naselje Vinica.

Izvori

Krška polja u Bosni i Hercegovini

Viničko polje


Paula Hahn-Weinheimer (* 8. März 1917 in Nürnberg; † 2. Dezember 2002 in München) war eine deutsche Geochemikerin.

Paula Hahn-Weinheimer studierte in Nürnberg Chemieingenieurwesen und arbeitete anschließend in verschiedenen Firmen als Chemikerin. Ihr Studium schloss sie 1943 an der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt mit der Promotion in Organischer Chemie ab. Danach arbeitete sie am Organisch-Chemischen Institut der Universität Gießen und am Institut für Organische Chemie der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt. Ab 1948 war sie am mineralogischen Institut der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt als wissenschaftliche Assistentin tätig und habilitierte sich 1958 auf dem Gebiet der Geochemie.

1964 wechselte Paula Hahn-Weinheimer an die Technische Universität München (damals THM), wo sie die Forschungsstelle für Geochemie am Institut für Mineralogie leitete, zunächst als Wissenschaftliche Rätin und ab 1970 als erste naturwissenschaftliche Extraordinaria (C3) der TU München. Im Fachbereich Betriebswirtschaftslehre war Liesel Beckmann 1946 die erste Extraordinaria der TU München gewesen.

Ihre Forschungsgebiete reichten von Untersuchungen an magmatischen und metamorphen Gesteinen zur Klärung deren Genese und Alter bis hin zur Herkunftsbestimmung von Graphit und Erdölen. Lehre und Forschung waren ihr ein großes Anliegen und so gelang es ihr, durch Einwerbung vieler Drittmittel von Bund und Industrie sowie durch Kooperationen mit der Radiochemie in Garching hierzu eine beachtliche Elementspuren- und Isotopenanalytik aufzubauen.

Paula Hahn-Weinheimer hat über 50 Fachveröffentlichungen verfasst. Sie hat sich insbesondere bei der Weiterentwicklung und der geochemischen Anwendung der Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse bleibende Verdienste erworben. Aufgrund ihrer wissenschaftlichen Expertise wurde sie zu Forschungsaufenthalten im Ausland eingeladen, u. a. an den Universitäten Oxford und Kapstadt sowie am Goddard Space Flight Center der NASA. Die exzellente apparative Ausstattung ihrer Abteilung ermöglichte außer der Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse eine Vielzahl weiterer Forschungsmethoden zur Bestimmung von Haupt-, Neben- und Spurenelementen, u. a. Atomabsorption, Massenspektrometrie, optische Emissionsanalyse, Röntgendiffraktometrie, Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse und Isotopenhäufigkeitsbestimmung. Eine Reihe von Doktoranden promovierte unter ihr. Einer ihrer letzten Schüler (damals Habilitand) und ihr kommissarischer Nachfolger an der TU München war Alfred V. Hirner, der spätere Initiator der Analytischen Chemie an der Universität Essen (1991).

Sie wurde mehrmals bei Studien und Ausstellungen zur Geschichte des Frauenstudiums und der Rolle von Frauen an technischen Universitäten und speziell der Technischen Universität München porträtiert.

2017 wurde im Norden von München der Paula-Hahn-Weinheimer-Weg nach ihr benannt.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Mineraloge
Geowissenschaftler
Hochschullehrer (Technische Universität München)
Deutscher
Geboren 1917
Gestorben 2002
Frau

Paula Hahn-Weinheimer


La filature Fraenckel-Herzog est une filature située dans la commune d'Elbeuf, en France.

Localisation
L'édifice est situé à Elbeuf, commune du département français de la Seine-Maritime, 25 rue Camille-Randoing.

Historique
L'édifice est daté de la fin du , vers 1880. Emile Herzog, le futur André Maurois, est un des associés de l'usine jusque dans les années 1920.

Dans les années 1920 la société possède trois sites de production pour .

La société ferme à la fin des années 1960.

L'édifice est inscrit au titre des monuments historiques le 04 juillet 1994. La chaufferie fait l'objet d'un classement le 04 juillet 1995.

Description
L'édifice est bâti en briques sur une ossature de métal et fonte.

À son extension maximale l'usine s'étend sur .

Au début des années 1890 l'usine comporte deux groupes de trois chaudières.

Références

 Le patrimoine des communes de Seine-Maritime

Annexes

Bibliographie
 .

Articles connexes
 Liste des monuments historiques de la Seine-Maritime
 Liste des monuments historiques de l'arrondissement de Rouen

Liens externes

Monument historique inscrit en 1994
Monument historique classé en 1995
Monument historique dans la Seine-Maritime
Elbeuf
Industrie textile

Filature Fraenckel-Herzog


An Arthraxon antsirabensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Aimée Antoinette Camus. An Arthraxon antsirabensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Arthraxon, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Madagascar. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Arthraxon

Arthraxon antsirabensis


Die Acht Ansichten des Biwa-Sees, eigentlich Acht Ansichten von Ōmi (, "Ōmi Hakkei"), ist der Titel vieler Bild- und Gedichtserien, in denen japanische Grafiker, Maler und Dichter Orte und Landschaften rund um den Biwa-See in stimmungsvollen Bildern und Texten darstellten.

Vorbemerkung
Die Acht Ansichten wurden ab dem 15. Jahrhundert in Anlehnung an die chinesischen "Acht Ansichten von Xiaoxiang" geschaffen. Diese beziehen sich auf landschaftliche Sehenswürdigkeiten in der Provinz Hunan (im 11. Jhd. "Jinghu Nan"), die nach den beiden großen Flüssen Xiao Shui und Xiang Jiang bis heute unter der Alternativbezeichnung "Xiaoxiang" bekannt ist. In Japan hatte sich bis 1600 ein fester Satz von Orten am Biwa-See herausgebildet. Er ist nahe zu Kyōto gelegen, wo nicht nur der Tennō lebte, sondern auch das Ashikaga-Shogunat seinen Sitz im Stadtteil Muromachi hatte. Außerdem bietet besonders der von Bergen umgebene Südteil eine abwechslungsreiche Umgebung. Es gibt keine festgelegte Reihenfolge, nachstehend sollen die Ansichten im Osten beginnend der Reihe nach beschrieben werden. Die  in der Galerie gezeigten Bilder sind Holzschnitte von Utagawa Hiroshige.

Die einzelnen Ansichten

Herbstmond über Ishiyama
(Ishiyama no Shūgetsu, ): Der Ishiyama-Tempel liegt nicht am See, sondern etwas südlich an dessen Ausfluss, dem Seta. Wie der Name Ishiyama ("Steinberg") sagt, ist er am Hang einer auffallenden Felsformation gebaut. Mit seiner Lage am Hang ähnelt er dem Kiyomizu-Tempel in Kyōto. Eine Hütte am Rande des Tempelgeländes erlaubt einen Blick auf den See und den Herbstmond. Bekannt ist der Tempel auch dadurch, dass der Legende nach die Hofdame Murasaki Shikibu in dem Tempel um das Jahr 1000 den Roman vom strahlenden Prinzen Genji, das Genji-Monogatari, schrieb.

Abendlicher Schnee auf dem Berg Hira
(Hira no Bosetsu, ): Der Berg Hira am Westufer des Sees ist die höchste Erhebung der Hira-Bergkette. Im Winter treibt der vom asiatischen Festland kommende Monsun den Schnee an dieser schmalen Stelle Japans weit ins Land hinein.

Heimkehrende Segel bei Yabase
(Yabase no kihan, ): Yabase ist ein alter Hafen am Ostufer des Sees. In der Nähe des Tōkaidō gelegen, wurde er zum Übersetzen nach Ōtsu genutzt, wodurch der Reisende einige Kilometer sparen konnte. Nach 1869 legten dort sogar Dampfschiffe an, aber diese Zeit war schon 1889 zu Ende, als die Eisenbahnlinie Tōkyo-Kyōto fertig war. Heute ist der Hafen ganz aufgegeben, es existiert ein Park inmitten von Industrie-Anlagen.

Abendlicht bei Seta
(Seta no sekishō, ): Auf Bildern dazu ist immer die große Brücke zu sehen, die den Seta unter Ausnutzung einer kleinen Flussinsel überquert, natürlich im Abendlicht. Über diese Setagawa-no-karahashi genannte Brücke verlief der Tōkaidō. Die heutige Brücke ist ein Nachbau aus Beton, aber eben im kara = chinesischen Stil, mit giboshi auf den Geländerpfosten.

Im Hintergrund sieht man den "Fuji von Ōmi", den Mikamiyama. Er ist zwar nur 417 m hoch, überragt aber tatsächlich die Gegend.

Frische Brise bei Awazu
(Awazu no seiran, ): Awazu ist bekannt für seinen Kiefernwald. Awazu-ga-hara zwischen dem Seta und dem Ort Zeze. In der Gegend fiel 1184 Minamoto no Yoshinaka (geb. 1154) in einer Auseinandersetzung mit seinem jüngeren Bruder Yoshitsune und wurde dort auch begraben. In Zeze stand die Burg der Honda-Familie auf einem Vorsprung am Biwa-See; sie ist gelegentlich auf Holzschnitten zu Awazu zu sehen. 1870 wurde sie aufgegeben, heute sind nur noch spärlich Reste zu sehen.

Abendglocke des Miidera
(Mii no banshō, ): Der Mii-dera wurde Ende des 8. Jahrhunderts gegründet, dann etwas später vom Priester Enshin 859 zu seiner heutigen Bedeutung ausgebaut. Der Tempel besitzt eine der "Drei Glocken" Japans; sie ist fast zwei Meter hoch. Es ranken sich viele Legenden um sie, am bekanntesten die mit dem starken Benkei (1155–1189). Die heutige Glocke wurde allerdings erst 1602 gegossen. Auf dem Gelände eines Nebentempels ist Ernest Fenollosa begraben.

Nachtregen am Karasaki
(Karasaki no yau, ): Karasaki ist ein steingefasster Vorsprung am Seerand, auf dem eine einzelne, auffallend große Kiefer – hitotsu-matsu – steht. Zu einem Naturdenkmal gehört dazu auch ein Schrein. Die Kiefer musste gelegentlich nachgepflanzt werden, die heutige stammt aus dem 20. Jahrhundert.

Wassernde Wildgänse bei Katata
(Katata no rakugan , ): Wassernde Gänse kann man dort nicht immer sehen, wohl aber den kleinen Tempel, der abgesetzt vom Ufer auf Pfählen steht und mit diesem durch eine kleine Brücke verbunden ist. Der Tempel im Hōkyō-Stil hat den Namen Ukimidō. Das "uki" ist aus dem Begriff Ukiyo-e bekannt, es heißt "losgelöst auf dem Wasser treiben". Midō ist eine Bezeichnung für einen Tempel.

Die Ansichten

Weitere "Acht Ansichten" in Japan

Der Erfolg seiner Serie beflügelte Hiroshige, fast 20 weitere Serien Ōmi Hakkei zu produzieren. Aber auch andere Künstler beschäftigen sich mit den Acht Ansichten. Hiroshige und andere Künstler übernahmen dann das Thema auch für andere Gegenden Japans. Es mussten nur zu den atmosphärischen Vorgaben wie "Frische Brise" die passenden Orte gefunden werden. So gibt es von Hiroshige z. B. die "Acht Ansichten um Edo", die "Acht Ansichten von Kanazawa".

Schlussbemerkung
Das Thema der Acht Ansichten hat die Kunst und Literatur in Japan bis ins 20. Jahrhundert beschäftigt. So liegt z. B. von Itō Shinsui (1898–1972) eine komplette Serie vor. Der Deutsche Max Dauthendey, der 1905 auf einer Weltreise auch Japan besuchte, übernahm das Thema und publizierte 1911 die "Acht Gesichter am Biwasee", die ein großer Erfolg wurden.

Literatur
 Nihon no Bijutsu, Shōshō hakkei zu (Die Kunst Japans. Heft 124: Bilder der 8 Ansichten von Shōshō) 1976.
 Ukiyoe hakka. Hiroshige (die 8 Großen des Ukiyoe. Hiroshige). Verlag Heibonsha, 1984.
 Catalog of all Woodblock Prints of Shinsui Itō. The Folk Museum of Ōta Borough, 1993.

Weblinks

Anmerkungen

Japanische Malerei

Acht Ansichten des Biwa-Sees


Șurubul lui Marinică este un film de desene animate românesc din 1956 regizat de Ion Popescu Gopo.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1956 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1956
Filme de animație

Șurubul lui Marinică


Pokrajinski muzej Zhejianga (kin. 浙江省博物馆, pinyin: bówùguǎn Zhèjiāngshěng, skr. ZPM) je muzej kineske pokrajine Zhejiang koji se nalazi na otoku Gushan (孤山), koji je najveći otok na Zapadnom jezeru, u gradu Hangzhou. Nastao je iz Muzeja zapadnog jezera Zhejiang (浙江省 立 西湖 博物馆; Zhèjiāng shěnglì Xī Hú bówùguǎn), koji je osnovan u studenom 1929. god. Posjeduje širok izbor umjetničkog i kulturnog blaga, uključujući najnovija arheološka nalazišta iz neolitičke kulture Hemudu.
Dana 22. prosinca 2009. god., otvorena je nova zgrada muzeja na Kulturnom trgu Zapadnog jezera, uz Veliki kanal. Ova zgrada ima 7.600 m² izložbenog prostora, što je dvostruko više od stare zgrade na otoku Gushan.
.

Pokrajinski muzej Zhejianga je jedan od najposjećenijih muzeja u Kini, te je 2018. god. zabilježio 4.200.000 posjetitelja, prema čemu je bio 3. u Kini, a ispred njega su bili samo Kineski nacionalni muzej i Kineski muzej znanosti i tehnologije u Pekingu.

ZPM održava oko 40 privremenih izložbi godišnje, neke s kineskom tematikom, neke s međunarodnim izložbama (npr. Njemačke, Francuske, Švicarske, Japana i Singapura).

Kolekcija

Muzej ima zbirku od preko 100.000 predmeta, uključujući artefakte od keramike, laka, drva i kostiju iz kulture Hemudu (7000–4500 pr. Kr. / 5000–3300 pr. Kr.); te artefakata od žadi i svilene tkanine kulture Liangzhu (3400. – 2000. pr. Kr.), brončane posude države Yue (越), celadon keramiku od Yue do dinastije T'ang, te posude Longquan iz razdoblja dinastije Sung i posuda iz vlasništva države Južni Sung. Tu se nalaze i brončana zrcala iz Huzhoua, kao i kineska kaligrafija i slike lokalnih slikara iz razdoblja dinastija Ming i Qing; te brojna druga važna kulturna blaga.

Kolekcija je izložena u nekoliko zgrada i paviljona:

Gushan odjel

Smješten na južnoj padini Gushana, ovaj odjel za povijesnu kolekciju ugrađen je u vrtni krajolik Zapadnog jezera i prostire se na 20.400 m² u devet paviljona i dvorana:

 Galerija povijesnih i kulturnih nalaza
 Galerija celadon keramike
 Izložba drevne države Yue
 Galerija dragulja
 Galerija blaga
 Umjetnička galerija Sha Menghaia (1906. – 1994.), kolekcionara i slikara koji je djelovao u Francuskoj.
 Galerija Changa Shuhonga (常書鴻) stalna je izložba od 240 uljenih slika, gvaša i skica koje je slikarova obitelj darovala muzeju 1999. godine.
 Galerija Zapadnog jezera završena je 1999. god. na mjestu nekadašnje "Nacionalne umjetničke galerije" i u njoj su izložena djela kaligrafa i slikara iz Zhejianga, s naglaskom na radove Huanga Binhonga.
 Wenlan pavilion (文澜 阁, Wénlán gé) se nalazi zapadno od muzeja ZPM na Gushanu. Tu se nalaze ostaci carske palače cara Guang Xua (1871. – 1908.) iz dinastije Qing, i u njoj se čuva jedan od sedam primjeraka enciklopedije Siku Quanshu.

Wulin odjel

Ovaj dio ZPM-a smješten je na Kulturnom trgu Zapadnog jezera, a zajedno s "Memorijalnom dvoranom revolucionarne povijesti Zhejiang" obuhvaća 20.000 m². Ovaj dio je usredotočen na očuvanje kulturne baštine i domoljubno obrazovanje (povijest kineske revolucije), a uključeni su i nematerijalna kulturna baština Zhejianga, folklorna tradicija i povijesna literatura. Ovu zgradu ZPM-a financira je Narodna vlada pokrajine Zhejiang, a završena je 2004. godine.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Službene stranice muzeja ZPM
 Zhu Qi zdjela

Muzeji u Kini
Povijesni muzeji
Umjetnički muzeji i galerije
Kineska umjetnost

Pokrajinski muzej Zhejianga


Kanchrapara (en bengalí: কাচঁরাপাড়া ) es una ciudad de la India, en el distrito de 24 Parganas norte, estado de Bengala Occidental.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 18  a 49 km de la capital estatal, Calcuta, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según estimación 2010 contaba con una población de 151 000 habitantes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Bengala Occidental

Kanchrapara


Eleonora af Portugal (født 1211, død 28. august 1231) var en portugisisk prinsesse, datter af Alfons 2., der var gift med Valdemar den Unge af Danmark. Hun var dronning af Danmark fra 1229 og indtil sin død i 1231.

Eleonora døde i barselsseng d. 28. august 1231, men led desuden af cancer. Hendes eneste barn blev ikke mere end omkring ½ år gammel.

Eksterne henvisninger

Huset Capet
Kongelige fra Portugal
Ikke-regerende dronninger af Danmark

Eleonora af Portugal


Girls' Town é um filme de drama estadunidense de 1942 dirigido por Victor Halperin e estrelado por Edith Fellows, June Storey e Alice White.

A vencedora de um concurso de beleza do Meio-Oeste recebe um teste de tela em Hollywood e leva sua irmã junto, hospedando-se em uma pensão.

Elenco

Notas

Bibliografia

Filmes de drama dos Estados Unidos
Filmes em língua inglesa
Filmes dos Estados Unidos de 1942
Filmes em preto e branco

Girls' Town


Den Kgl. porcelainsfabrik gennem 200 år er en dansk virksomhedsfilm instrueret af Hans Christensen.

Handling

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Virksomhedsfilm fra Danmark

Den Kgl. porcelainsfabrik gennem 200 år


Last RPG Fantasy é um romance gráfico brasileiro desenvolvido pelo Estúdio LoboLimão (formado pelos quadrinistas Yoshi Itice, Marcel Keiiche e Kendy Saito) publicado em 2012 através de financiamento coletivo pela plataforma Catarse.

A história narra a aventura de três jovens irmãos que buscam cristais mágicos para salvar o reino de MidGreen de criaturas das trevas que o ameaçam. O diferencial é que a história tem vários caminhos e finais diferentes de acordo com as escolhas dos leitores no decorrer do livro, assemelhando-se à estrutura de um livro-jogo.

Last RPG Fantasy era originalmente uma série de webcomics publicadas no website do LoboLimão, que começou em 2010 como site de entretenimento contando com diversos quadrinhos publicados on-line em formato de tirinhas. Esta série foi a escolhida para o primeiro projeto de livro impresso do grupo, que se motivou após visitarem o Festival Internacional de Quadrinhos em 2011 e terem contato com a qualidade do material independente em exposição no evento.

Em 2013, o livro ganhou o Prêmio Angelo Agostini de melhor lançamento independente.

Romances gráficos do Brasil
Obras ganhadoras do Prêmio Angelo Agostini

Last RPG Fantasy


Hedvig "Hedda" Lundh-Jensen (født 28. september 1921 i Korsør, død 2. marts 2012) var en dansk modstandskvinde og lektor.

Forældre og opvækst
Hedda var datter af redaktøren og bogtrykkeren Theodor Lundh-Jensen (1884-1952) og Alpha Tusnelda Emilie Winckler (1887-1973). Hedda havde to ældre søstre, og gennem barndomsårene oplevede hun en større frihed end søstrene. Hun var en af 1920'ernes 'drengepiger', med kortklippet hår og en glæde ved at klatre i træer.

I 1940 fik hun sin studentereksamen fra Aurehøj Gymnasium. Dette var blot et par måneder efter de tyske troppers besættelse af Danmark, 9. april 1940. Samme år begyndte hun at studere litteratur på Københavns Universitet og sidst på året giftede hun sig med overinspektøren Carl-Einar Maaløe.

Modstandsbevægelsen
I 1942 flyttede Hedda og hendes mand til Aarhus, og det var her at hun for alvor blev involveret i modstandskampen. I København havde hun i en kort periode deltaget i fremstillingen af illegale blade og i Aarhus kom hun i kontakt med en lokal modstandsgruppe. Denne forbindelse blev etableret igennem kontakter, som hun havde fået gennem sit studie på Aarhus Universitet. Denne gruppe fremstillede også illegale blade, men aktiviteterne her greb hurtigt om sig.

Hedda blev aktiv som jernbanesabotør i en sabotagegruppe, der også inkluderede hendes mand. Snart blev hendes hjem brugt til opbevaring af sprængstof og nødovernatning for folk, der var gået under jorden.

I starten var hendes gruppe meget selvstændig, men den blev senere tilknyttet en større modstandsorganisation for til sidst at komme under engelsk kommando.

Det var ikke unormalt, at en selvstændig gruppe blev optaget som en del af en større organisation. Imidlertid adskilte Hedda's gruppe sig fra de fleste andre på et specifikt punkt - kønssammensætning og arbejdsfordeling. Udover Hedda var der nemlig også en anden kvinde, og sammen planlagde og udførte de forskellige aktioner på lige fod med mændene.

Gennem sit arbejde i denne gruppe tilegnede hun sig så stor viden om sprængstoffer, at hun i 1944 blev bedt om at være sprængstofekspert for en anden modstandsgruppe. Denne gruppe bestod ganske unikt udelukkende af kvinder.

Ligeledes i 1944 begyndte Hedda at fungere som telefonkontakt i modstandsorganisationen. Det var derfor hende og ingen andre, der vidste besked med, hvornår folk skiftede tilholdssted, samt hvor de opholdt sig. Ved kun at have en person, der besad denne viden, minimerede man risikoen for, at informationen faldt i forkerte (særligt Gestapo) hænder.

I juli 1944 undgik Hedda og hendes mand ved rent held at blive fanget i en omfattende tysk aktion, hvor hovedparten af deres aktionsgruppe og hele kvindegruppen blev arresteret. Kort herefter lykkedes det dem at flygte til Sverige, hvor de opholdt sig indtil befrielsen i maj 1945.

Efter krigen
Da krigen sluttede i 1945 genoptog Hedda sine studier og blev i 1952 mag.art. i litteratur. I 1949-60 var hun freelancejournalist, bosat i Paris, hvor hun dækkede kulturstof for Social-Demokraten og arbejdede for den danske ambassades pressetjeneste. I 1962 blev hun ansat som adjunkt på sit gamle gymnasium, Aurehøj.

I 1947 blev ægteskabet mellem Hedda og Carl-Einar opløst. I 1954 blev hun mor til sønnen Bo. Hun giftede sig for anden gang den 18. februar 1961 med teaterkritikeren Svend Erichsen. Deres ægteskab blev opløst i 1963.

I årtierne efter krigen undlod Hedda at tale om sine oplevelser i modstandsbevægelsen, men som tiden gik begyndte hun mere og mere at føle et behov for at dele sin historie. Især da hun måtte konstatere, at hendes egen og andre kvindelige modstandskvinders historie var blevet reduceret til lidt mere end en fodnote i modstandsbevægelsens historie. Resultatet af denne konstatering blev et program i Danmarks Radio, dedikeret til de anonyme kvinder under modstandsbevægelsen. Udseendelsen blev sendt på befrielsesdagen i 1995 under titlen En kvindelig jernbanesabotør.

Eksterne henvisninger

 Artikel om En kvindelig jernbanesabotør i Jyllands-Posten

Modstandsfolk fra Danmark

Hedda Lundh


Signing Off is the debut album by British reggae band UB40, released in the UK on 29 August 1980 by Dudley-based independent label Graduate Records. It was an immediate success in their home country, reaching number 2 on the UK albums chart, and made UB40 one of the many popular reggae bands in Britain, several years before the band found international fame. The politically-concerned lyrics struck a chord in a country with widespread public divisions over high unemployment, the policies of the recently elected Conservative party under Margaret Thatcher, and the rise of the racist National Front party, while the record's dub-influenced rhythms reflected the late 1970s influence in British pop music of West Indian music introduced by immigrants from the Caribbean after the Second World War, particularly reggae and ska – this was typified by the 2 Tone movement, at that point at the height of its success and led by fellow West Midlands act The Specials, with whom UB40 drew comparisons due to their multiracial band line-up and socialist views.

Still considered by many fans and music critics to be UB40's best album, Signing Off was reissued for its 30th anniversary in 2010 as a "collector's edition" containing bonus tracks and a DVD of the videos for the singles plus television footage of the band from the time of the album's release.

Recording
After forming in 1978, the members of UB40 made an agreement to spend the next year doing nothing more than learning their instruments and practising their songs until they felt they were good enough. Saxophonist Brian Travers said, "We commandeered a cellar and started rehearsing every day, nine till five. Our first experiences of playing an instrument started together, and we'd humiliate each other over mistakes. But we were very serious about our music. It was a year before we played our first gig. It was in an upper room at the 'Hare and Hounds' [a pub] in Kings Heath, Birmingham. We played the whole of Signing Off because they were the only songs we knew."

Towards the end of 1979 the band felt confident enough to start recording their songs, and approached local musician Bob Lamb as he was the only person they knew with any recording experience. Lamb had been the drummer with the Steve Gibbons Band for much of the 1970s and was a well-known figure within the Birmingham music scene. He remembered that "'King' was the very first song they ever played to me, and it just blew my mind basically, to realise a bunch of kids could make a sound like that... it blew me away. And that was it for me, I was hooked, it was a bit like Elvis walks in or something, you know, it was one of those moments." However, as the band were unable to afford a proper recording studio, the album was recorded in Lamb's own home at the time, a ground-floor flat in a house on Cambridge Road in Birmingham's Moseley district that later became affectionately known as the "Home of the Hits". Lamb would later use the money he earned from the album's success to build a proper recording studio, Highbury Studio, in an old cricket bat factory in nearby Kings Heath, which remained under his ownership until his retirement in 2010 – during the 1980s and 90s he would go on to produce the early demos for Duran Duran and work on the debut albums by fellow Birmingham natives Ruby Turner, The Lilac Time and Ocean Colour Scene. However, in an interview to mark Signing Offs 30th anniversary, Brian Travers recalled just how basic the recording facilities of the original Cambridge Road "studio" really were:

Producer Lamb described the somewhat relaxed recording process:

and also remembered how easy it was to make the album:

The LP album was recorded in three separate sessions: four days in December 1979 just before Christmas which produced the songs "King" and "Food for Thought" for the debut single, and two longer sessions in March–April 1980 and June–July 1980 when the bulk of the album was recorded. The three tracks for the 12" record that came with the album were recorded during 18–20 July 1980 at The Music Centre with Ray "Pablo" Falconer, bassist Earl Falconer's brother, handling production duties. Falconer would go on to produce the majority of UB40's subsequent records until his death in a car crash in 1987.

Musical style and composition

Signing Off featured a mix of reggae and dub material which was lyrically politically charged and socially conscious, while musically it was reverb-heavy, doom-laden yet mellifluous, best exemplified in the hits "King" and "Food For Thought" as well as the searing "Burden of Shame". Four of the album's thirteen tracks were instrumentals—"Adella", "25%" (allegedly titled after the increase in wages demanded by the unions in the late 1970s to reflect a "living wage"), "Signing Off" and "Reefer Madness"—all heavily influenced by dub reggae rhythms and effects such as reverb and echo, and led by Mickey Virtue's keyboard and Travers' saxophone melodies. Two tracks were cover versions: an early Randy Newman composition "I Think It's Going to Rain Today" and the blues classic "Strange Fruit" (made famous by Billie Holiday), two songs that dealt with compassion for fellow humans and racism respectively. The main theme in "Burden of Shame" is copied from Van Morrison's "Moondance". This track and the remaining five self-composed tracks were all concerned with social and political issues:

"Tyler" was written about the young black American Gary Tyler, who at the age of 17 was convicted by an all-white judge and jury of murdering a 13-year-old white boy, despite serious irregularities in the prosecution case and the lack of a murder weapon ever being found. UB40 intended "Tyler" to be their first single in the United States. The band revisited the subject on the song "Rainbow Nation" on their 2008 album TwentyFourSeven.
"King" was about the late Martin Luther King Jr., questioning the lost direction of the slain leader's followers and the state of mourning of a nation after his death.
"Burden of Shame" recounted the misdeeds performed in the name of British Imperialism.
"Food for Thought" was an attempt to publicise and condemn the famine in north Africa, comparing it with the Western over-indulgent celebration of Christmas, nearly five years before Band Aid brought the subject to widespread attention. Subsequently, it was also a prominent feature of UB40's 2005 Live 8 appearance in Hyde Park, London, 25 years after the song had been first released. Bob Lamb later revealed that the song's original working title had been "The Christmas Song" until one of the band's roadies suggested "Food for Thought" would be a better title.
"Little by Little" highlighted the growing inequality between the rich and the poor.
"Madam Medusa" was a vivid description of Margaret Thatcher's rise to power depicted in a grotesque style, featuring some of the band's most impassioned and bitter lyrics.

Release and promotion
The album's release was preceded by two double A-sided singles. The first, "King"/"Food For Thought", was released as UB40's debut single in February 1980. It topped the independent music chart for three months, reached number 4 in the main UK singles chart, and went on to sell nearly half a million copies, having been certified silver for sales of 250,000 copies in May 1980. It was the first single on a completely independent label without the backing of a major record company to reach the top 10 of the UK singles chart. Upon the single's release "Food for Thought" gained more radio airplay than "King" – speaking about the single in 2010, Bob Lamb said, "'Food for Thought' was actually the B-side of 'King' originally: although it was a double A-side 'King' was always going to be the main song, but the DJs picked up on 'Food for Thought' because it was quicker and chirpier, more dancey, more of a radio track. So they played that a lot, and really that became the hit, 'Food for Thought', but whenever you bought the record it always said 'King'/'Food for Thought' – 'King' was always, like, the first name on the record, which I thought was pretty cool."

The follow-up single "My Way of Thinking"/"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" peaked at number 6 on the UK charts in June 1980. Although this was the band's second single before the album was released, "My Way of Thinking" was not included on the album, despite gaining far more radio airplay and television exposure than "I Think It's Going to Rain Today": however, by the time of the album's release the group had come to dislike "My Way of Thinking", with singer Ali Campbell describing the song as "awful".

The original 1980 vinyl release of Signing Off consisted of a ten-track LP (played at the standard 33 rpm) plus a three-track 12" record (played at 45 rpm) which contained the tracks "Madam Medusa", "Strange Fruit" and "Reefer Madness". On the cassette version all thirteen tracks were split over the two sides of the cassette. When the album was issued on CD for the first time in 1984, it contained all thirteen tracks of the LP and cassette versions.

In 1985 the album was repackaged as a double album under the title The UB40 File, with the addition of "My Way of Thinking", "The Earth Dies Screaming" and "Dream a Lie", thus collecting together on a single album all of UB40's output on Graduate Records, before the band's subsequent releases on their own DEP International label. The latter two songs were released as UB40's third single (another double A-side) two months after the release of Signing Off, and were written and recorded at the same time as the album. For a short time in 1981–82 in Australia, the original album was released with a bonus 45 rpm single containing these two tracks, packaged in an identical smaller version of the album cover. The UB40 File has subsequently also been released on CD.

In 2010, to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the album's release Virgin Records reissued the album as a three-disc (two CDs and a DVD) "Collector's Edition", with extensive liner notes by Birmingham-born journalist Peter Paphides. The bonus tracks on the second CD included the 12" versions of all four sides of UB40's second and third singles, and the two sessions the band recorded at the BBC's Maida Vale Studios for the John Peel and Kid Jensen shows on BBC Radio 1. The DVD contained the videos made for five of the six songs on their first three double A-side singles, the band's first ever appearance on the BBC television programme Top of the Pops performing "Food for Thought", and the concert recorded at Keele University for BBC2's television series Rock Goes to College. To tie in with the 30th anniversary reissue, the band announced a concert tour where they would perform a first set of the album in its entirety, followed by a second set of other hits.

Artwork
The front and back covers of the album are a replica of the yellow British UB40 unemployment benefit attendance card from which the band took their name, emphatically stamped with the words SIGNING OFF in capital letters. It was a statement by the band of leaving behind the world of unemployment and of their arrival on the music scene. The artwork was created by brothers Geoffrey and David Tristram: Geoff went on to become an artist and novelist, while David became a comic playwright.

Critical reception

The album was extremely well received and lauded by the UK music magazines at the time of its original release. Sounds awarded Signing Off five stars out of five, claiming that "it is an (almost) perfect album... It's rare to find a debut album so detailed, so excellently played and so packed with bite – I sometimes think it hasn't really happened since The Clash." NME described the album as "a courageous debut... Their radical sentiments and trenchant lyrics are given all the more force by the soft-fist of UB40's measured musical delivery... The music might be mellow, but the hard-backed sentiments are hardly those of the nice reggae band you may have pigeonholed the UBs as." Melody Maker said "The UBs, chirpy and still fully independent, have wrapped up their initial promise and persuasion and delivered a well-girthed winner of a debut album... Certainly the music of UB40 benefits far more in both quality and quantity from the exacting freedom of an LP than any of their close contemporaries... the band have broadened out the unique, shy commerciality of the two singles, "King" and "Food for Thought"... to an approach that sharpens the shape of their music and magnifies the message." Record Mirror called the band "important" and observed that "their subtle dance music is opening up a lot of ears to the pleasures of British reggae".

More recent critical reviews show the album remains highly regarded. AllMusic said "Their rhythms may have been reggae-based, their music Jamaican-inspired, but UB40 had such an original take on the genre that all comparisons were moot... Their music was... revolutionary, their sound unlike anything else on either island [referring to Great Britain and Jamaica]... It's hard to believe this is the same UB40 that later topped the U.K. charts with the likes of 'Red Red Wine' and 'I Got You Babe'. Their fire was dampened quickly, but on Signing Off it blazed high, still accessible to the pop market, but so edgy that even those who are sure there's nothing about the group to admire will change their tune instantly." In 2008 Mojo magazine's online website revisited the album as part of their "Disc of the Day" series, calling it "the Brum reggae institution's original and best" and going on to say that "Signing Off was a singular British take on Jamaican music, in some ways truer to the reggae source than 2-Tone but with a punky, multi-cultured sensibility of its own... it's a superb balance of lightness and weight, as spry, skanking tunes rub up against militant lyrics made soulful by vocalist Ali Campbell." The print edition of the magazine also reviewed the 2010 reissue, stating that "Signing Off... has retained much of its fire... this is flinty, political and Britain-focused reggae, distinct from the later output of a band that... still acts as the form's global ambassadors." Reviewing the 2010 Collector's Edition, BBC Music said "Signing Off is still believed by many to be the group's greatest album, and it remains the clearest window into what the band were all about... [it] has energy and intelligence that made it stand out from so much post-punk pop. This set sums up a bunch of young Brummies schooled in the West Indian blues dances of Balsall Heath, angry about the world around them and articulate enough to express that without simply ranting."

Accolades
Signing Off was placed at number 13 in the NME critics' list of the albums of the year for 1982, while the singles "King"/"Food for Thought" and "My Way of Thinking" were at numbers 14 and 18 respectively in the equivalent singles of the year list. Sounds placed "King"/"Food for Thought" at number 8 in its end of year rankings for singles of the year, while Melody Maker ranked the same single at number 22 in its own list.

In June 2000 the British monthly music magazine Q placed Signing Off at number 83 in its critics' list of the "100 Greatest British Albums Ever". The album is also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die, the only UB40 album to feature.

Track listing
All tracks written by UB40 except where noted. On some versions of the album, such as the US CD release, "Burden of Shame" is credited to UB40 and Van Morrison after the similarities to Morrison's own song "Moondance" had been noted, but on both the original 1980 release and the 2010 reissue the song is credited solely to UB40.

LP
Side One
"Tyler" – 5:51
"King" – 4:35
"12 Bar" – 4:24
"Burden of Shame" – 6:29

Side Two
"Adella" – 3:28
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 3:41
"25%" – 3:31
"Food for Thought" – 4:10
"Little by Little" – 3:44
"Signing Off" – 4:24

12" EP Side One
"Madam Medusa" – 12:52

12" EP Side Two
"Strange Fruit" (Lewis Allan) – 4:05
"Reefer Madness" – 5:08

Cassette
Side One
"Tyler" – 5:51
"King" – 4:35
"12 Bar" – 4:24
"Burden of Shame" – 6:29
"Adella" – 3:28
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 3:41
"25%" – 3:31

Side Two
"Food for Thought" – 4:10
"Little by Little" – 3:44
"Signing Off" – 4:24
"Madam Medusa" – 12:52
"Strange Fruit" (Lewis Allan) – 4:05
"Reefer Madness" – 5:08

CD
"Tyler" – 5:51
"King" – 4:35
"12 Bar" – 4:24
"Burden of Shame" – 6:29
"Adella" – 3:28
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 3:41
"25%" – 3:31
"Food for Thought" – 4:10
"Little by Little" – 3:44
"Signing Off" – 4:25
"Madam Medusa" – 12:53
"Strange Fruit" (Lewis Allan) – 4:05
"Reefer Madness" – 5:08

30th Anniversary Collector's Edition
CD1
"Tyler" – 5:51
"King" – 4:35
"12 Bar" – 4:24
"Burden of Shame" – 6:29
"Adella" – 3:28
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 3:41
"25%" – 3:31
"Food for Thought" – 4:10
"Little by Little" – 3:44
"Signing Off" – 4:25

CD2
"Madam Medusa" – 12:53
"Strange Fruit" (Lewis Allan) – 4:05
"Reefer Madness" – 5:08
"My Way of Thinking" (12" Version) – 6:50
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (12" Version) (Randy Newman) – 7:32
"The Earth Dies Screaming" (12" Version) – 8:21
"Dream a Lie" (12" Version) – 7:54BBC Radio One John Peel Session 12/12/79 (first transmitted 02/01/80):"Food for Thought" – 4:49
"25%" – 4:05
<li>"King" – 5:38BBC Radio One Kid Jensen Session 11/02/80:"I Think It's Going to Rain Today" (Randy Newman) – 4:42
<li>"My Way of Thinking" – 2:54

DVDPromo Videos:"Food for Thought"
"My Way of Thinking"
"The Earth Dies Screaming"
"Dream a Lie"
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today"Top of the Pops 20/03/80:<li>"Food for Thought"Rock Goes to College 19/01/81 (recorded at Keele University):'
"King"
"Strange Fruit"
"The Earth Dies Screaming"
"Little by Little"
"I Think It's Going to Rain Today"
"Food for Thought"
"Tyler"
<li>"Signing Off"
(total running time of DVD = 57:45)

Personnel
UB40
Astro – talk-over vocal
Jim Brown – drums
Ali Campbell – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
Robin Campbell – lead guitar, vocals
Earl Falconer – bass
Norman Lamont Hassan (misspelt as "Norman Lamount Hassan" on the credits of the original 1980 release) – percussion, congas
Brian Travers – tenor saxophone, melodica
Michael Virtue – keyboards, strings, organ

Production
UB40 – producers, all tracks
Bob Lamb – producer and engineer on LP/tracks 1 to 10 on cassette & CD versions
Ray "Pablo" Falconer – producer on "Madam Medusa", "Strange Fruit" and "Reefer Madness"
Rafe McKenna – engineer on "Madam Medusa", "Strange Fruit" and "Reefer Madness"
Neil Black – assistant engineer on "Madam Medusa", "Strange Fruit" and "Reefer Madness"

Charts

Certifications

Release history

References

External links

Signing Off (Adobe Flash) at Radio3Net (streamed copy where licensed)
'Why UB40's Signing Off is still a reggae classic''

UB40 albums
1980 debut albums

Signing Off


මිස්ටර් වර්ල්ඩ් (Mister World) යනු මිස් වර්ල්ඩ් සංවිධානය (Miss World Organization) විසින් 1996 වසරේ සිට සංවිධානය කරනු ලබන, එක් එක් වසර වෙනුවෙන් කඩවසම් තරුණයෙකු තෝරාගනු ලබන තරඟයකි. මීට සහභාගී වන තරඟකරුවන් බයිසිකල් කඳුනැගීම සහ මැරතන් ධාවනය වැනි විවිධ ක්‍රියාකාරකම් සඳහාද සහභාගී විය යුතුයි. සාම්ප්‍රදායානුකූලව, මිස්ටර් වර්ල්ඩ් තනතුර හිමිකරගන්නා තැනැත්තා, ඔහුගේ ධූරකාලය තුල රැඳී සිටින්නේ එංගලන්තයේ ලන්ඩන් අගනුවර තුලයි.

ජයග්‍රාහකයින්

එක් එක් රටවල ජයග්‍රාහකයින් සංඛ්‍යාව

හොඳම තරඟකාරී රටවල්

මේවාද බලන්න
 මෑන්හන්ට් ඉන්ටර්නැෂනල්
 මෙන් යුනිවර්ස් මොඩ්ල්
 මිස්ටර් ඉන්ටර්නැෂනල්

ආශ්‍රිත

රූප සෞන්දර්යය හෝ කඩවසම් බව හෝ තේරීමේ ජාත්‍යන්තර තරඟ

මිස්ටර් වර්ල්ඩ්


Šandor Braun (Đurđevac?, 1877. – koncentracijski logor Auschwitz, 1943.), hrvatski industrijalac i dobrotvor židovskog podrijetla. Zaslužni građanin grada Đurđevca.

Životopis
Rodio se je 1877. godine od oca Emanuela i matere Julije rođ. Deutsch. Imao je brata Ludwiga i sestru Ernestinu. Otac mu je bio poznati industrijalac. Obiteljski paromlinovi trebali su mnogo ugljena, pa se Šandor počeo baviti rudarskim istraživanjem i isposlovao si je dopuštenja. Postao je privatni rovitelj (rudarski istraživač). Iskopao je 248 istraživanih rovova po čemu je bio najveći privatni rovitelj u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji. Jedan od tih rovova bio je kod Mičetinca u šumi. Okrupnjivanje u paromlinarstvu sproveo je kad je koprivnički paromlin zapao u dugove, s partnerima je obitelj uložila u dioničku glavnicu tog poduzeća i ušli su u ravnateljstvo. S bratom i ocem pokrenuli su paromlin u Novigradu. Zatim je s bratom ušao u upravu Novigradske štedionice koja je pratila novčarsku konstrukciju. U Koprivnici su osnovali Industriju ulja. U Kloštru su pokrenuli Pučki paromlin. Sve je to Šandor s obitelji ostvario do Prvoga svjetskog rata.

Velika gospodarska kriza 1930-ih nagnala je obitelj prodati udjele u Koprivnici i Novigradu i ostali su samo u matičnom gradu. Novac od prodaje iskoristili su za podignuti novu tvorničku zgradu svoje koprivničke Industrije ulja. Mučili su se, ali su poslovali. Porezni razlozi razlog su da mu je paromlin dan u zakup, a na skupštinama prikazivan je fiktivni gubitak da bi se ostalo u poslu. Obitelj je bila vrlo poznata i na njihovo imanje dolazili su brojni uglednici i političari u lov: Ivan Šubašić, Ivica Frković, Ivica Kovačević, Mate Starčević, Stjepan Jakšeković, Vjenceslav Dubravčić i ini. Čini se da su poznavali i Slavka Kvaternika, a čini se da je Šandor možda pomagao Antu Pavelića i prije 1941. godine. Otac Emanuel umro je 1937. nakon čega Šandor vodi mlin i bio je najbogatiji Židov u Podravini. Brauni su bili obzirni i zahvalni prema svojim radnicima. Šandor je pokušao zbrinuti dugogodišnjega odanog radnika, kako je i otac Emanuel želio, pa je na sjednici ravnateljstva mlina predložio da nakon što taj radnik prestane biti sposoban za rad, da mu se doživotno osigura mjesečna financijska pomoć.

Antižidovski zakoni u Kraljevini Jugoslaviji pa zatim uspostava NDH koja je u zakonima imala zakone koje je prepisala od svojih osovinskih zaštitnika, značilo je teška vremena za obitelj Braun. 3. svibnja 1941. ustaški režim postavio je povjerenika u njegov mlin. Prativši odvijanje stvari i videći kamo idu, Braun je iskoristio poznanstva i uporabio novac da bi osigurao sigurnost obitelji. Doglavnik Slavko Kvaternik potpisao je dokument jamstva Ministarstva domobranstva 27. prosinca 1941., a Braun se domogao i počasnog arijevskog prava. Kvaternikova zaštita ali i još nekih moćnih dala mu je sigurnost pred ustašama, no padom moći koje je imao Kvaternik značilo je teško razdoblje za Braune. Šandora, suprugu Elizabetu i sina Borisa u noći 21. listopada 1942. su uhitili i zatočili u zatvoru na Savskoj cesti u Zagrebu. Odluka Državnog ravnateljstva za ponovu NDH o podržavljenju židovske imovine od 30. listopada 1942. značila je oduzimanje imovine u korist države NDH, koje je uslijedilo 18. ožujka 1943. godine. Došla je pod ured za podržavljeni imetak Ministarstva državne riznice. Na popisu oduzete imovine bilo je pored ostalog obiteljska kuća s mlinom i gospodarskim dvorištem u Đurđevcu, pa pilana, ledana, električna centrala, stambena zgrada za radnike i namještenike, radionica, u Zagrebu trećina kuće, gospodarski posjed Braunova pustara na Đurđevačkim peskima u kojem su bili gospodarska zgrada, svinjac, skladište, silos, borik, vinograd, uzgajalište fazana (prvo u državi), a od pokretnina elektromaterijal, zlatnina i srebrnina, fijakeri, automobil, kamion, stočni fond od krava, konja i ine stvari. Dio imovine je oduzet, dio rasprodan, dio pokraden. 7. svibnja 1943. obitelj Braun je iz zatvora na Savskoj cesti vlakom deportirana u koncentracijski logor Auschwitz. Šandor je sa starijima skončao u plinskoj komori, supruga je vjerojatno završila u logoru. Sin Boris je preživio jer je mogao poslužiti za rad kao električar.
Komunistička vlast nije ispravila nepravde, nego im je nacionalizirala nekretnine.

Šandor i cijela obitelj bila je na glasu kao dobrotvorska. Redovno su pomagali kulturna društva, školarce, svoje zaposlenike i posebice đurđevačku sirotinju. Pomoć su davali u novcu, obući, odjeći i brašnu. Grad Đurđevac nije ih zaboravio. Ulica u Đurđevcu danas nosi ime Šandora Brauna.

Izvori

Životopisi, Đurđevac
Židovi u Hrvatskoj
Hrvatski poduzetnici

Šandor Braun (industrijalac)


Berkley Books este o marcă înregistrată a Penguin Group (SUA)  care a debutat ca o companie independentă în 1955. A fost întemeiată de Charles Byrne și Frederick Klein, care au lucrat pentru editura Avon și au format "Chic News Company". Apoi au redenumit compania ca Berkley Publishing Co. în 1955. În curând au descoperit o nișă în lucrările de science fiction. În 1965 editura a fost cumpărată de către G. P. Putnam's Sons.

În 1982, Putnam a cumpărat Grosset & Dunlap și Playboy Press, iar listele de cărți Ace și Playboy au fost adăugate siglei Berkley.

Penguin Group a cumpărat Putnam în 1996. Penguin s-a unit cu Random House în 2013 și a format Penguin Random House. Astăzi, Berkley este parte a grupului PRH's Penguin Adult. În 2015, grupul înfrățit  New American Library s-a unit cu Berkley.

În decembrie 2008, Berkley a anulat publicarea Memoriului despre Holocaust al lui Herman Rosenblat, intitulat Angel at the Fence, când a fost descoperit că evenimentele centrale ale cărții erau neadevărate.

Autori
A publicat autori importanți ca:
 Dale Brown
 Tom Clancy
 Patricia Cornwell
 Clive Cussler
 Mark Greaney
 Frank Herbert
 Dean Koontz
 Vladimir Nabokov
 Nora Roberts
 John Varley
 Peter Vronsky

Coperți de cărți

Note

Legături externe
 berkleyjoveauthors.com Site-ul oficial
 berkleysignetmysteries.com Site-ul oficial
Istoria editurii

Vezi și
Listă de edituri de științifico-fantastic

Fondări în 1955
Edituri din Statele Unite ale Americii
Edituri din Regatul Unit
Științifico-fantastic
Edituri de literatură științifico-fantastică

Berkley Books


Pequeno Cidadão é o álbum de estréia da banda de pop rock infantil Pequeno Cidadão, lançado em mídia física no ano de 2009 pela gravadora Rosa Celeste e relançado nas plataformas de streaming em 2016 pela MCD.

O álbum teve retorno excelente da recepção da mídia e crítica, também sendo um dos discos recomendados para ouvir com as crianças pela MVC Editora e pela coluna "Paternidade" da Editora Globo.

Descrição Geral
Pequeno Cidadão tem 14 faixas e letras que brincam com os primeiros "pepinos existenciais" do ser humano, com o repertório focado dia a dia de quem tem filhos. Nas músicas, há amor, a hora de larga a chupeta, futebol, animais, do rock à psicodelia e uma mistura gostosa de divertimento e emoção, bem a cara de quem convive todos os dias com crianças.

Antes do lançamento do álbum, as canções já eram um sucesso de acessos na página do Myspace do grupo, que também têm bastidores das gravações.

O disco se transformou também em DVD, onde são apresentados um clipe para cada uma das 14 faixas.

Diversas músicas do álbum foram licenciadas para serem usadas para temas em novelas infantis do SBT: "Pequeno Cidadão" e "O Sol e a Lua" em Carrossel, "Sapo-Boi" em Patrulha Salvadora, "Meu Anjinho" em Chiquititas e "Oi, Hello" em As Aventuras de Poliana.

Faixas

Referências

Álbuns em língua portuguesa
Álbuns de 2009

Pequeno Cidadão (álbum de Pequeno Cidadão)


La temporada 1949/50 de la Primera División de Egipto comenzó en octubre de 1949. Al-Ahly se coronó campeón por segunda vez en su historia.

Clasificación final

 (C)= Champions, Pld = Matches played; W = Matches won; D = Matches drawn; L = Matches lost; F = Goals for; A = Goals against; ± = Goal difference; Pts = Points Source: .

Goleador

Enlaces externos
 all about Egyptian football
 ALL ABOUT EGYTIAN PLAYERS
  best site about egyptianfootball
 RSSSF
 RSSSF competition history

Temporada 2008/09 (Egipto)

Primera División de Egipto 1949-50


برنامج التشغيل أو المُشَغِّل  هو برنامج حاسوبي بمثابة مشغل أو تعريف لعتاد أجهزة الحاسب الآلي وملحقاته.

غالباً ما يتخاطب برنامج المشغل مع الجهاز التابع له عبر ممر الحاسب أو نظام اتصال يكون الجهاز موصلاً عليه.

مراجع

تقنيات نظم التشغيل
مصطلحات حوسبة

برنامج تعريف


Der Kalwesbach ist ein etwa 0,7 km langer linksseitiger Zufluss des Lottenbachs in Bochum-Querenburg. Er ist der größte Zufluss des Lottenbachs.

Verlauf
Der Kalwesbach entspringt an der Lennershofstraße bei der Hochschule Bochum und fließt in einem Kerbtal zwischen Ruhr-Universität Bochum, dem Botanischen Garten der Ruhr-Universität Bochum und dem Berg Kalwes durch das Waldgebiet Klosterbusch in das Lottental. Er nimmt Abwässer beider Hochschulen auf. Er mündet westlich des Geländes der Zeche Klosterbusch in einen Stauteich des Lottenbachs.

Natur und Umwelt
Seine Wasserqualität ist Güteklasse II.

Siehe auch
 Liste von Gewässern in Bochum

Einzelnachweise

Fließgewässer in Bochum

Kalwesbach


Saint-Saphorin is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Vaud, located on the shore of Lake Geneva, in the district of Lavaux-Oron.

History
Glerula  or Calarona  (from , 'gravel') was a Gallo-Roman village. The chroniclers Gregory of Tours and Marius of Avenches described what is now called the Tauredunum event of 563. A landslip into the eastern end of Lake Geneva caused a tsunami which swept along the lake causing immense damage. Glerula was among the villages which were destroyed. It was never rebuilt. Instead, a new community was founded a short distance to the east, taking its name from the new church there, dedicated to Saint-Symphorien. That name has, with the passage of years, transformed into Saint-Saphorin.

Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) is first mentioned in 1138 as de Sancto Sufforiano.

Geography

Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) has an area, , of .  Of this area,  or 56.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while  or 11.2% is forested.   Of the rest of the land,  or 30.3% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 11.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 18.0%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.1%.  Out of the forested land, 9.0% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees.  Of the agricultural land, 11.2% is used for growing crops and 12.4% is pastures, while 32.6% is used for orchards or vine crops.

The municipality was part of the Lavaux District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) became part of the new district of Lavaux-Oron.

It consists of the village of Saint-Saphorin and the hamlets of Glérolles, Les Faverges, Ogoz and Lignières.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess Argent and Gules, overall a Bend wavy counterchanged.

Demographics
Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) has a population () of .  , 24.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals.  Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 2.2%.  It has changed at a rate of -5% due to migration and at a rate of 6.6% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population () speaks French (307 or 88.2%), with German being second most common (19 or 5.5%) and English being third (10 or 2.9%).  There are 2 people who speak Italian.

Of the population in the municipality 97 or about 27.9% were born in Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) and lived there in 2000.  There were 119 or 34.2% who were born in the same canton, while 63 or 18.1% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 61 or 17.5% were born outside of Switzerland.

In  there were 4 live births to Swiss citizens and 3 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 2 deaths of Swiss citizens.  Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 2 while the foreign population increased by 3.  There were 2 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland and 1 Swiss woman who immigrated back to Switzerland.  At the same time, there were 3 non-Swiss men and 8 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland.  The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was a decrease of 21 and the non-Swiss population increased by 15 people.  This represents a population growth rate of -1.6%.

The age distribution of the population () is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.7% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.2%.

, there were 144 people who were single and never married in the municipality.  There were 148 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 40 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 159 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.1 persons per household.  There were 60 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people.  Out of a total of 164 households that answered this question, 36.6% were households made up of just one person.  Of the rest of the households, there are 49 married couples without children, 40 married couples with children  There were 8 single parents with a child or children.  There were 2 households that were made up of unrelated people and 5 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

 there were 53 single family homes (or 48.2% of the total) out of a total of 110 inhabited buildings.  There were 39 multi-family buildings (35.5%), along with 12 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (10.9%) and 6 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (5.5%).  Of the single family homes 37 were built before 1919, while 3 were built between 1990 and 2000.  The most multi-family homes (28) were built before 1919 and the next most (3) were built between 1961 and 1970.

 there were 198 apartments in the municipality.  The most common apartment size was 4 rooms of which there were 54.  There were 15 single room apartments and 49 apartments with five or more rooms.  Of these apartments, a total of 152 apartments (76.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 41 apartments (20.7%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (2.5%) were empty.  , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents.  The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 3.03%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance

The Swiss Reformed Church of Saint-Symphorien with a Gallo-Roman villa as well as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site: Lavaux, Vineyard Terraces are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance.  The entire village of Saint-Saphorin is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SP which received 27.84% of the vote.  The next three most popular parties were the FDP (19.92%), the Green Party (17.15%) and the SVP (9.64%).  In the federal election, a total of 138 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 57.5%.

Economy
, Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) had an unemployment rate of 1.6%.  , there were 28 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 6 businesses involved in this sector.  1 person was employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector.  46 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 12 businesses in this sector.  There were 205 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 46.3% of the workforce.

 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 63.  The number of jobs in the primary sector was 20, all of which were in agriculture.  The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 1, all of which were in manufacturing.  The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 42.  In the tertiary sector; 9 or 21.4% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 21 or 50.0% were in a hotel or restaurant, 7 or 16.7% were in the information industry, 1 was the insurance or financial industry, 1 was a technical professional or scientist.

, there were 10 workers who commuted into the municipality and 148 workers who commuted away.  The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 14.8 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.  Of the working population, 16.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 60% used a private car.

Religion
From the , 80 or 23.0% were Roman Catholic, while 194 or 55.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.  Of the rest of the population, there were 3 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.86% of the population), and there were 4 individuals (or about 1.15% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church.  There was 1 individual who was Jewish, and   60 (or about 17.24% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 8 individuals (or about 2.30% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) about 144 or (41.4%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 69 or (19.8%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).  Of the 69 who completed tertiary schooling, 44.9% were Swiss men, 36.2% were Swiss women, 13.0% were non-Swiss men.

In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 32 students in the Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) school district.  In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts.  During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 665 children of which 232 children (34.9%) received subsidized pre-school care.  The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years.  There were 20 students in the municipal primary school program.  The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 12 students in those schools.

, there were 48 students from Saint-Saphorin (Lavaux) who attended schools outside the municipality.

Transportation
The municipality has a railway station, , on the Simplon line. It has regular service to , , and .

See also
 Glérolles Castle

Notes and references

External links

Official website

Populated places on Lake Geneva
Cultural property of national significance in the canton of Vaud

Saint-Saphorin


El distrito de Oyolo (probablemente del aimara ccoyo, cardenal) está ubicado en la provincia de Páucar del Sara Sara en el departamento de Ayacucho, en el Perú.

Historia
El pueblo de Villa Oyolo, capital del actual distrito, fue fundada como San Juan Bautista de Oyolo en 1740. Posteriormente, durante la República, en el año 1823, tras la reforma administrativa, Oyolo pasa a convertirse en distrito.

Tradicionalmente el pueblo de Oyolo tuvo 3 ayllus, que fueron conservados durante el Virreinato como cacicazgos, y con el tiempo quedaron como tradicionales barrios. Estos son:

 Achumani ("terciopelo"): Todas las personas se vestían en forma muy elegante y eran los más educados.
 Pumatambo ("guarida de los pumas"): Sus pobladores eran netamente agricultores y vivían al pie de los andenes. También les llamaban ayapa-siqui (trasero del andén).
 Oyolo Ayllu: También llamados Llanamate, eran predominantemente indígenas, con muy poco mestizaje.

Geografía
Se geografía encierra cerros y picos nevados, lagunas y profundos valles altoandinos. De los glaciares del distrito de Oyolo nacen riachuelos que forman lagunas alto andinas y estas se convierten en ríos que bajan a quebradas profundas formando los valles interandinos y de allí el agua baja hacia la costa arequipeña y finalmente desemboca al Océano Pacífico.

Hidrografía
Los principales ríos de Oyolo son el río Huagme, el río Huanca o Uchubamba. Como todos los ríos altoandinos cuando el agua desciende en pendiente desde los glaciares hacia el mar, las aguas cortan las rocas en su constante trajinar y se forman los cañones.

División administrativa
El distrito además de la capital, Oyolo, tiene 6 anexos:

Ccalaccapcha
Chapi
Huayunca
Laccora
Umasi
Chaupiccocha

Economía
Es un distrito netamente agrario y ganadero donde se cultiva en tierras de secano que se descuelgan en parcelas de andenes hasta la profunda gargantas de los ríos.  Sus tierras no son de llanura, sino más bien de quebradas profundas con microclimas viables para una excelente agricultura, por tal motivo muchas áreas de cultivo tuvieron que crearse artificialmente y para eso se construyeron los andenes que son trabajos de ingeniería, formando terrazas de piedras de varios pisos para evitar la erosión del agua, estas tierras de cultivo fueron acarreadas de las partes más bajas en trabajos comunales llamados "minka" y "mita" que es la tarea asignada en un día de trabajo, siendo una manera de reunirse para hacer trabajos comunales en beneficio de alguna persona, pueblo o para la fiesta patronal. Los andenes además tienen canales de regadío para traer las aguas de los deshielos y lagunas y desfogar las aguas en las épocas de avenida o de lluvias torrenciales.

Autoridades

Municipales
 2019 - 2022
 Alcalde: Joe Bill Mamani Barriga, de Musuq Ñan.
 Regidores:
 Verónica Paola Centeno Mamani (Musuq Ñan)
 Wilber Chancavilcas Moraya (Musuq Ñan)
 Wili Félix Torres Chuquichanca (Musuq Ñan)
 Fortunato Elvis Oscata Tintaya (Musuq Ñan)
 Demetrio Bernardo Caysure Cruz (Movimiento Independiente Innovación Regional)

Véase también
 Departamento de Ayacucho
 Organización territorial del Perú

Referencias

Distritos de Páucar del Sara Sara

Distrito de Oyolo


تويوتا كورونا (تعني باللاتينية: الإكليل) وهي إحدى طرازات شركة تويوتا للسيارات.

بدأ إنتاجها عام 1957 وتوقف عام 2002 وكانت من أوائل السيارات التي بدأت تويوتا بإنتاجها مثل طرازي كراون ولاند كروزر. تعددت أشكالها بالبداية وكان منها سيارة ركاب أو شاحنة، وكان منافسها هو طراز نيسان بلو بيرد.

نجحت السيارة عالمياً وكان لها عدّة مسميات مثل كورونا مارك 2 التي تغيرت فيما بعد لطراز كريسيدا عام 1973م، وفي أوروبا كان اسمها كارينا حتى استبدلتها الشركة بطراز أفينسيس الذي كان موجهاً لأوروبا وبعض مناطق الشرق الأوسط عام 2002. أدى تشابه الأسماء إلى خطأ شائع في الخلط بين الطرازين كورونا وكورولا.

للسيارة 11 جيلاً انتهى آخرها عام 2002.

معرض صور

مراجع

ستيشن واغن
سيارات اخترعت في 1957
سيارات تويوتا
سيارات خلفية الدفع
سيارات دفع أمامي
سيارات شرطة
سيارات صالون
سيارات عائلية صغيرة
سيارات عائلية متوسطة
سيارات عقد 1960
سيارات عقد 1970
سيارات عقد 1980
سيارات عقد 1990
سيارات عقد 2000
سيارات في أستراليا
كوبيه
هاتشباك

تويوتا كورونا