زبيغنيو بريجينسكي  (28 مارس 1928 - 26 مايو 2017) مفكر استراتيجي ومستشار للأمن القومي لدى الرئيس الأميركي جيمي كارتر بين عامي 1977 و1981. كما عمل مستشاراً في مركز الدراسات الإستراتيجية والدولية، وأستاذاً (بروفسوراً) لمادة السياسة الخارجية الأميركية في كلية بول نيتز للدراسات الدولية المتقدمة بجامعة جون هوبكينز في واشنطن.
كان زبيغنيو بريجينسكي من الشخصيات القليلة بين خبراء السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية التي حذرت إدارة بوش صراحة من غزو العراق. وينقل عنه في شباط 2003 وقبل حرب العراق بأسابيع قوله إنه إذا قررت الولايات المتحدة المضي قدما في خططها الخاصة بالعراق، فسوف تجد نفسها بمفردها لتتحمل تكلفة تبعات الحرب، فضلاً عن ازدياد مشاعر العداء والكراهية الناتجة عن تلك الحرب. في كتابه الجديد «فرصة ثانية» يوجه سهام نقده اللاذعة إلى السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية في عهد كل من جورج بوش الأب وبيل كلينتون وجورج بوش الابن، ويعتقد أن الولايات المتحدة خلال حكم هؤلاء الثلاثة قد فرطت وأهدرت فرصتها الأولى لقيادة العالم عندما سنحت هذه الفرصة مع انتهاء الحرب الباردة بسقوط الاتحاد السوفيتي. ورغم ضياع الفرصة الأولى في ظل أداء ضعيف يفتقر للرؤية الاستراتيجية لدى كل من الرؤساء الثلاثة، فإن بريجينسكي يرى أن الولايات المتحدة ما تزال لديها فرصة ثانية. ويؤكد بريجينسكي على أهمية الشهور العشرين القادمة في حسم اضطلاع الولايات المتحدة بقيادة العالم محذراً من أن ازدياد سوء الوضع في العراق أو توسيع دائرة الحرب في الشرق الأوسط بمهاجمة إيران ربما يؤديان إلى أن تذكر كتب التاريخ أن عمر الولايات المتحدة كقائدة للعالم كان قصيراً جداً.
قبل وفاته بعام (أي 2016) كتب بريجينسكي مقالة هامة (بعنوان: Toward a Global Realignment) كانت بمثابة الوصية الأخيرة، إذ أكد فيها أنَ الهيمنة الأميريكية باتت في أيامها الأخيرة وأن السياسة الأميريكية يجب انّ تتجه لخلق تحالفات جديدة حتى مع القوى التي كانت تعدّ منافسا ومتحدياً تاريخيّاً للهيمنة والقوة الأمريكيتين ومنها الصين وروسيا. والهدف من ذلك كله هو خلق نوع من إعادة التنظيم والتموضع (Global Realignment) للقوة العالمية الفاعلة.

من كتبه
 «خارج السيطرة».
 «الفشل الكبير».
 «خطة اللعبة».
 «القوة والمبدأ».
 فرصة ثانية: ثلاثة رؤساء وأزمة القوة العظمى الأمريكية.

روابط خارجية

مصادر

أشخاص حصلوا على الجنسية الأمريكية
أشخاص من وارسو
أعضاء مجلس وزراء إدارة كارتر
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة جونز هوبكينز
أمريكيون متجنسون
أمريكيون معادون للشيوعية
باحثون في العلاقات الدولية
بولنديون معادون للشيوعية
حائزون على الوسام الرئاسي للحرية
حائزون على زمالة غوغنهايم
حاصلون على وسام توماس ماساريك
خريجو جامعة مكغيل
خريجو جامعة هارفارد
ديمقراطيون من ولاية نيويورك
سياسيون أمريكيون في القرن 20
شخصيات الثورة الإسلامية الإيرانية
شخصيات الحرب السوفيتية في أفغانستان
علماء سياسة أمريكيون
كتاب غير روائيين ذكور أمريكيون
مجلس كارنيغي للأخلاقيات في الشؤون الدولية
مختصون في الجيوسياسية
مستشارو الأمن القومي في الولايات المتحدة
مسؤولون في وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية
مهاجرون بولنديون إلى الولايات المتحدة
مواليد 1928
مواليد في وارسو
مؤلفون أمريكيون عن السياسة الخارجية الأمريكية
ناشطون أمريكيون ناهضوا حرب العراق
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة كولومبيا
وفيات 2017
وفيات في فولز تشيرش

زبغنيو بريجينسكي


Hillerød Hospital (tidligere Frederiksborg Amts Sygehus) er et hospital beliggende i Hillerød i Nordsjælland. Indtil 2007 var hospitalet drevet af Frederiksborg Amt, men i forbindelse med strukturreformen overgik hospitalet til Region Hovedstaden og blev lagt sammen med de øvrige hospitaler i Nordjælland, Frederikssund, Helsingør, Hørsholm og Esbønderup, under navnet Nordsjællands Hospital. I 2008 blev hospitalerne igen splittet op og hospitalet kom til at hedde Hillerød Hospital.

1. februar 2013 fusionerede hospitalerne i Helsingør, Frederikssund og Hillerød til Nordsjællands Hospital.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Nordsjællands Hospitals officielle hjemmeside
 Hospitalerne i Nordsjælland: Historisk tilbageblik

Etableret i 1943
Hospitaler i Region Hovedstaden
Hospital

Hillerød Hospital


Lars Brandt (d. 1951, Berlin) Alman yazar, sinemacı ve sanatçı. Lars Brandt, Almanya başbakanlığı görevinde de bulunmuş, Almanya Sosyal Demokrat Partisi'nin eski genel başkanlarından Willy Brandt'ın oğludur. Lars Brandt'ın babası Willy Brandt ile ilgili kaleme aldığı, Andenken başlıklı edebi eseri, haftalarca en çok satan kitaplar listesinin zirvesinde yer aldı. Çalışmalarına halen Bonn'da devam etmektedir.

Yapıtları

 H.C. Artmann. Ein Gespräch (2001)
 Andenken (2006)
 Momente des Glücks, film, 2000

Bağlantılar

 "Andenken" eseriyle ile ilgili Notlar
 Söyleşi

Lars Brandt


Diana Cynthia Clifton-Peach, née le  à Bromley au Royaume-Uni, est une patineuse artistique britannique, double championne de Grande-Bretagne en 1958, 1961 et 1963.

Biographie

Carrière sportive
Diana Clifton-Peach monte plusieurs fois sur le podium des championnats de Grande-Bretagne et est notamment triple championne nationale en 1958, 1961 et 1963.

Elle représente son pays à dix championnats européens (1956 à Paris, 1957 à Vienne, 1958 à Bratislava, 1959 à Davos, 1961 à Berlin-Ouest, 1962 à Genève, 1963 à Budapest, 1964 à Grenoble, 1965 à Moscou et 1966 à Bratislava), quatre mondiaux (1956 à Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 1958 à Paris, 1963 à Cortina d'Ampezzo et 1965 à Colorado Springs) et aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1964 à Innsbruck.

Elle quitte le patinage amateur après les championnats européens de 1966.

Palmarès

Liens externes

Patineuse artistique britannique
Naissance en mars 1944
Naissance à Bromley (borough londonien)
Patineuse artistique aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1964

Diana Clifton-Peach


was a town located in Ibusuki District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 14,396 and the density of 130.50 persons per km2. The total area was 110.31 km2.

On December 1, 2007, Ei, along with the towns of Chiran and Kawanabe (both from Kawanabe District), was merged to form the new city of Minamikyūshū.

It is bounded by Kaimon in the west and Ibusuki in the south. It is accessed by the Ibusuki Skyline in the northeast.

External links
Minamikyūshū official website

Dissolved municipalities of Kagoshima Prefecture

Ei, Kagoshima


Vaginal lubrication is a naturally produced fluid that lubricates the vagina. Vaginal lubrication is always present, but production increases significantly near ovulation and during sexual arousal in anticipation of sexual intercourse. Vaginal dryness is the condition in which this lubrication is insufficient, and sometimes artificial lubricants are used to augment it. Without sufficient lubrication, sexual intercourse can be painful. The vaginal lining has no glands, and therefore the vagina must rely on other methods of lubrication. Plasma from vaginal walls due to vascular engorgement is considered to be the chief lubrication source, and the Bartholin's glands, located slightly below and to the left and right of the introitus (vaginal opening), also secrete mucus to augment vaginal-wall secretions. Near ovulation, cervical mucus provides additional lubrication.

Vaginal discharge

Composition

Vaginal fluid is slightly acidic and can become more acidic with certain sexually transmitted diseases. The normal pH of vaginal fluid is between 3.8 and 4.5, contrasting with male semen which is typically between 7.2 and 7.8 (neutral pH is 7.0).

During arousal, vaginal lubrication, also sometimes called "arousal fluid", is produced. This is clear, thin, and slippery. It typically only lasts up to an hour.

Production
The human vagina is serviced by nerves that respond to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). As a result, VIP induces an increase in vaginal blood flow accompanied by an increase in vaginal lubrication. The findings suggest that VIP may participate in the control of the local physiological changes observed during sexual arousal: genital vasodilation and increase in vaginal lubrication.

Vaginal dryness
Insufficient lubrication or vaginal dryness can cause dyspareunia, which is a type of sexual pain disorder. While vaginal dryness is considered an indicator for sexual arousal disorder, vaginal dryness may also result from insufficient excitement and stimulation or from hormonal changes caused by menopause (potentially causing atrophic vaginitis), pregnancy, or breast-feeding. Irritation from contraceptive creams and foams can also cause dryness, as can fear and anxiety about sexual intimacy. Vaginal dryness can also be a symptom of Sjögren syndrome (SS), a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the body destroys moisture-producing glands.

Certain medications, including some over-the-counter antihistamines, as well as life events such as pregnancy, lactation, menopause, aging or diseases such as diabetes, will inhibit lubrication.  Medicines with anticholinergic or sympathomimetic effects will dry out the mucosal or "wet" tissues of the vagina.  Such medicines include many common drugs for allergenic, cardiovascular, psychiatric, and other medical conditions. Oral contraceptives may also increase or decrease vaginal lubrication.

In seemingly rare cases, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been reported to cause a long-lasting iatrogenic disorder known as post-SSRI sexual dysfunction, the symptoms of which include reduced vaginal lubrication in females.

Older women produce less vaginal lubrication and reduced estrogen levels may be associated with increased vaginal dryness.

Artificial lubricants

When a woman is experiencing vaginal dryness before sexual activity, sexual intercourse may be uncomfortable or painful for her.  A personal lubricant can be applied to the vaginal opening, the penis (or other penetrating object such as fingers or a dildo), or both, to augment the naturally produced lubrication and prevent or reduce the discomfort or pain. More rarely, a vaginal suppository may be inserted prior to intercourse.

Oil-based lubricants can weaken latex and reduce the effectiveness of condoms, latex gloves, or dental dams as either forms of birth control or for protection from sexually transmitted diseases, so water- or silicone-based lubricants are often used instead. The use of an artificial lubricant can make sexual intercourse less painful for a woman, but does not address the underlying cause of the vaginal dryness itself.

Dry sex
Some people practice dry sex, which involves the removal of vaginal lubrication in some way. The rationale for the practice seems to be for cleansing purposes and to enhance the sexual pleasure of the penetrating partner.  However, besides making sexual intercourse painful for the female, the practice is believed to increase the risk of transmitting sexually transmitted diseases for both partners, such as HIV, whose risk of transmission is increased by lacerations in the vaginal tissue resulting from the lack of lubrication.

See also

References

External links

 Mayo Clinic - Vaginal dryness

Sexual arousal
Gynaecology
Body fluids
Vagina

Vaginal lubrication


Ludolph Büsinck, né à Hann. Münden dans les années 1590 et mort en 1669, est un peintre et graveur sur bois allemand.

Il travaille à Paris entre 1623 et 1630, où il réalise une série de gravures sur bois en clair-obscur, les premières à être réalisées en France. Son nom est parfois orthographié "Buesinck".

Biographie
Ludolph Büsinck, né à Hann. Münden dans le centre de l'Allemagne entre 1599 et 1602, est le fils de Johann Büsinck et de sa femme Kunigunde Voss. Il épouse Katharina Ludwig, avec qui, selon les actes de baptême, il a six enfants. Il est possible qu'il ait suivi une formation d'artiste aux Pays-Bas.

Entre 1623 et 1630, on sait qu'il séjourne à Paris, où il réalise un certain nombre de gravures en clair-obscur datées, dont certaines sont publiées par Melchior Tavernier. Il s'agit d'œuvres audacieusement incisées dans la tradition du graveur néerlandais Hendrick Goltzius. Il est le premier artiste à réaliser des gravures sur bois en clair-obscur en France, et la plupart de ses œuvres dans cette technique sont basées sur des dessins du peintre Georges Lallemand, bien que l'une d'entre elles, probablement sa première, soit d'après une peinture d' Abraham Bloemaert . On ne sait pas s'il a réalisé des gravures sur bois après 1630.

Il retourne à Hann. Münden, où il devient membre de la guilde des marchands ( Kaufmannsgilde ) en 1639. Il est connu pour avoir été actif en tant que peintre dans les années 1630, ses œuvres comprenant un retable pour le maître-autel de l'église Saint-Jean de  Göttingen. En 1647, il est enregistré comme fonctionnaire des douanes.

Il meurt le  à Münden.

Œuvres
Ses estampes comprennent des sujets religieux  des images de cavaliers, de paysans, de musiciens et de mendiants.

Ses œuvres sont conservées dans de nombreux musées du monde entier, dont l'Ashmolean Museum, le Cleveland Museum of Art, le musée d'art Nelson-Atkins, le Smart Museum of Art, les musées d'Art de Harvard, l' University of Michigan Museum of Art, le musée d'Art du comté de Los Angeles, le musée d'Art Blanton, le Philadelphia Museum of Art, le Bowdoin College Museum of Art, et le British Museum.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

  Hollstein, F. W. H., Dutch And Flemish Etchings, Engravings And Woodcuts c. 1450–1700, Amsterdam, 1949.
  Strauss, Walter L., Chiaroscuro: The Clair-Obscur Woodcuts By The German And Netherlandish Masters Of The XVI And XVII Centuries, London, Thames & Hudson, 1973.
  Roethlisberger, Marcel G., Abraham Bloemaert and His Sons: Paintings And Prints, 2 vols., Ghent, 1993.
  Stechow, Wolfgang, Ludolph Buesinck The Print Collector's Quarterly 1938 Dec Vol. 25, No. 4, .

Liens externes

Graveur allemand du XVIIe siècle
Graveur sur bois
Peintre allemand du XVIIe siècle
Date de naissance incertaine (XVIe siècle)
Date de naissance incertaine (XVIIe siècle)
Naissance à Hann. Münden
Naissance dans la principauté de Calenberg
Décès en 1669
Décès à Hann. Münden
Décès dans la principauté de Calenberg

Ludolph Büsinck


USS Claxton (DD-140), named for Thomas Claxton, was a  in the United States Navy. Entering service in 1919, the destroyer saw intermittent use during the interwar period. During World War II, Claxton was transferred to the Royal Navy and renamed HMS Salisbury. The ship saw service in the Battle of the Atlantic before sold for scrapping in 1944.

Construction and career

United States Navy service (1919–1940)
The ship was launched on 14 January 1919 by Mare Island Navy Yard; sponsored by Mrs. F. W. Kellogg. Claxton commissioned on 13 September 1919.

Claxton operated on the west coast until 18 June 1922, when she was decommissioned at San Diego, California. Re-commissioned 22 January 1930, she served on the west coast and on reserve training from New Orleans until September 1933, when she joined the Special Service Squadron for patrol duty off Cuba. Between January and November 1934 she was in rotating reserve at Charleston, then returned to Cuban patrols until October 1935. After exercising with the Battle Force, she was assigned to the Naval Academy during 1936 and 1937, making three coastal cruises.

Duty with Squadron 40-T, formed to patrol European waters protecting American interests during the civil war in Spain, occupied Claxton from October 1937 until November 1938. In January 1939 she returned to duty at the Naval Academy, but in September began service on the Neutrality Patrol off the Florida Straits. In January and February 1940, she patrolled off the New England coast, and after training cruises on the east coast, arrived at Halifax, Nova Scotia, 21 November 1940. On 26 November she was delivered to British authorities in the destroyers-for-bases exchange. She was decommissioned 5 December 1940, and commissioned in the Royal Navy the same day as HMS Salisbury.

Service with the Royal Navy (1940–1944)

HMS Salisbury, as a , arrived at Belfast, Northern Ireland, 30 December 1940 for duty with the Western Approaches Command escorting Atlantic convoys. In April and May 1942, she joined in escorting the US aircraft carrier  on her two voyages to fly planes off for beleaguered Malta. Returning to the Clyde, HMS Salisbury was modified for trade convoy escort service by removal of three of the original 4"/50 caliber guns and one of the triple torpedo tube mounts to reduce topside weight for additional depth charge stowage and installation of hedgehog. Salisbury guarded troop convoys in the Atlantic until September, when she was assigned to the Royal Canadian Navy. Based at St. John's, HMS Salisbury served on local escort duty until November 1943 when, with newer escorts available, she was placed in care and maintenance status at Halifax, Nova Scotia and paid off on 10 December 1943. She was sold for scrap 26 June 1944 at Vancouver, British Columbia.

Notes

References

External links

USS Claxton DD-140

Wickes-class destroyers
Ships built in Vallejo, California
1919 ships
Town-class destroyers of the Royal Navy
Town-class destroyers converted from Wickes-class destroyers
World War II destroyers of the United Kingdom

USS Claxton (DD-140)


Allocryptobia este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Cossidae.

Cladograma conform Catalogue of Life:

Referințe

Legături externe

Allocryptobia

Allocryptobia


Blomerija (lat. Bloomeria),  biljni trod u porodici šparogovki (Asparagaceae) i redu šparogolike (Asparagales), dio je potporodice Brodiaeoideae.

Postoje tri priznate vrste, to su lukovičasti geofiti koji prvenstveno rastu u suptropskom biomu: Kalifornija, poluotok Kalifornija, sjeverozapdna Sonora, Sinaloa

Vrste
 Bloomeria clevelandii S.Watson
 Bloomeria crocea (Torr.) Coville
 Bloomeria humilis Hoover

Izvori

Brodiaeoideae

Blomerija


Pove del Grappa ist eine nordostitalienische Gemeinde (comune) mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) in der Provinz Vicenza in Venetien. Die Gemeinde liegt etwa 46 Kilometer nordnordöstlich von Vicenza, gehört zur Comunità Montana del Grappa und grenzt unmittelbar an die Provinz Treviso. Die Brenta begrenzt Pove del Grappa im Westen.

Geschichte
Die Gemeinde wird erstmals 917 urkundlich erwähnt. Durch die Stadt Vicenza findet 1198 eine Befestigung statt.

Verkehr
Durch die Gemeinde führt die Strada Statale 47 della Valsugana von Padua nach Trient. Der Bahnhof an der Bahnstrecke Trient–Venedig wurde 2010 geschlossen.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Venetien

Pove del Grappa


An Bromus tytthanthus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Sergej Arsenjevitj Nevskij. An Bromus tytthanthus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Bromus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Bromus

Bromus tytthanthus


Marquess of Cambridge was a title that was created twice, once in the Peerage of England and once in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

The first creation was for Prince George Augustus in 1706, when he was created Duke of Cambridge, Marquess of Cambridge, Earl of Milford Haven, Viscount Northallerton and Baron of Tewkesbury. He succeeded to the Dukedoms of Cornwall and Rothesay on his father's accession to the throne on 1 August 1714. His titles merged with the Crown when he succeeded to the throne as King George II in 1727.

The second creation (along with the subsidiary titles Earl of Eltham and Viscount Northallerton) was in 1917 for Adolphus, Duke of Teck, brother of Queen Mary and brother-in-law of King George V, when he gave up his German titles and took the surname "Cambridge". Adolphus Cambridge was a grandson of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge through his daughter Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge.

Upon the death of the second Marquess without any male heirs, the marquessate became extinct.

Marquess of Cambridge (1706-1727)
Prince George Augustus, Duke of Cambridge (1683-1760), Succeeded to the throne in 1727 as King George II

For further details see Duke of Cambridge

Marquesses of Cambridge (1917–1981)
Adolphus Charles Alexander Albert Edward George Philip Louis Ladislaus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge (1868–1927), grandson of Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, was created Marquess when George V relinquished his family's German titles
George Francis Hugh Cambridge, 2nd Marquess of Cambridge (1895–1981), only son of the 1st Marquess, died without male issue and his honours became extinct

Family tree

References

Attribution

Noble titles created in 1706
British and Irish peerages which merged in the Crown
Noble titles created in 1917
Extinct marquessates in the Peerage of the United Kingdom

Marquess of Cambridge


Bitka kod Termopila je vođena 24. travnja 191. pr. Kr. tijekom Rimsko-seleukidskog rata između snaga Rimske Republike predvođene konzulom Manijem Acilijem Glabrionom i seleukidsko-etolijskih snaga predvođenih Antiohom III. Velikim.

Kada se glavnina zaraćenih snaga sukobila u Termopilskom prolazu, Seleukidi su se uspjeli održati, odbivši brojne rimske napade. Međutim, mali rimski kontigenti pod Markom Porcijem Katonom zaobišli su preko brda glavninu Seleukidskih snaga i napali je s padine, porazivši prije toga etolijsku posadu u tvrđi Kalidrom. Među seleukidskim snagama nastala je panika i nered, što se završilo njihovim uništenjem. Antioh je uspio pobjeći s bojnog polja sa svojom konjicom, napustivši uzbrzo kopnenu Grčku.

Izvori

Antička povijest

Bitka kod Termopila (191. pr. Kr.)


200 Maiores Cantores de Todos os Tempos (do inglês: The 200 Greatest Singers of All Time - Rolling Stone) é uma atualização desta lista divulgada pela revista estadunidense Rolling Stone lançada no dia 1º de Janeiro de 2023 que elege os 200 maiores cantores de todos os tempos. Sua primeira edição - com apenas 100 melhores cantores - foi lançada em 2008 e teve diversas alterações, no entanto, Aretha Franklin, eleita como a maior cantora de todos os tempos permanece em ambas as listas. Nesta edição, três artistas brasileiros foram listados: Caetano Veloso, Gal Costa e João Gilberto, nas respectivas posições: 108, 90 e 81. Dentre os artistas que ainda não faleceram, Mariah Carey, Stevie Wonder, Beyoncé, Bob Dylan, Adele são os artistas mais bem posicionados. Dois artistas de K-pop foram contemplados na lista: Jung Kook do grupo BTS e IU, nas posições 191 e 135, respectivamente. Billie Eilish eleita na posição 198, é artista mais jovem da lista, com 21 anos.

Após seu lançamento, a lista foi alvo de críticas e protestos, inclusive, após a não inclusão de Céline Dion, fãs foram até a frente dos escritórios da Rolling Stone em Nova Iorque protestar. O jornal estadunidense USA Today, trouxe diversos artistas que, em sua visão, foram esnobados: Celine Dion, Pink, Justin Bieber, Jennifer Hudson, Janet Jackson, Tony Bennett, Madonna, Nat King Cole e Dionne Warwick.

Eleitos
Divulgada no site oficial da Rolling Stone estes são os artistas listados:

31 - Luther Vandross

32 - David Bowie

33 - Bessie Smith

34 - Thom Yorke

35 - Dusty Springfield

36 - Kurt Cobain

37 - Van Morrison

38 - Curtis Mayfield

39 - Louis Armstrong

40 - Aaliyah

41 - Etta James

42 - Teddy Pendergrass

43 - Ariana Grande

44 - James Brown

45 - Ella Fitzgerald

46 - The Staple Singers

47 - Linda Ronstadt

48 - Toni Braxton

49 - Rod Stewart

50 - Joni Mitchell

51 - Sade

52 - Mick Jagger

53 - Miriam Makeba

54 - Willie Nelson

55 - Tina Turner

56 - Barry White

57 - Brian Wilson

58 - Lady Gaga

59 - Howlin' Wolf

60 - Kate Bush

61 - Umm Kulthum

62 - George Michael

63 - Robert Plant

64 - Björk

65 - Minnie Riperton

66 - David Ruffin

67 - Dennis Brown

68 - Rihanna

69 - Youssou N'Dour

70 - Ronnie Spector

71 - Roy Orbison

72 - Muddy Waters

73 - Héctor Lavoe

74 - Patti LaBelle

75 - D'Angelo

76 - Wilson Pickett

77 - Bruce Springsteen

78 - Janis Joplin

79 - Emmylou Harris

80 - Chris Cornell

81 - João Gilberto

82 - Steve Perry

83 - Amy Winehouse

84 - Lata Mangeshkar

85 - Johnny Cash

86 - Michael Jackson

87 - Diana Ross

88 - Jimmie Rodgers

89 - Selena

90 - Gal Costa

91 - Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan

92 - Anita Baker

93 - Stevie Nicks

94 - Toots Hibbert

95 - Vicente Fernández

96 - Chuck Berry

97 - Usher

98 - Bob Marley

99 - Clyde McPhatter

100 - Elton John

101 - Gladys Knight

102 - Taylor Swift

103 - Leonard Cohen

104 - Aaron Neville

105 - Eddie Vedder

106 - Bill Withers

107 - Lou Reed

108 - Caetano Veloso

109 - Roger Daltrey

110 - The Weeknd

111 - Fiona Apple

112 - Ozzy Osbourne

113 - La India

114 - Chrissie Hynde

115 - Erykah Badu

116 - Chet Baker

117 - Patti Smith

118 - John Fogerty

119 - Barrington Levy

120 - Charlie Rich

121 - Jackie Wilson

122 - Donna Summer

123 - Karen Carpenter

124 - Robert Johnson

125 - Joe Strummer

126 - Donny Hathaway

127 - Tammy Wynette

128 - Florence Welch

129 - Rob Halford

130 - Courtney Love

131 - Jeff Buckley

132 - Loretta Lynn

133 - Neil Young

134 - Axl Rose

135 - IU

136 - Lauryn Hill

137 - El DeBarge

138 - Merle Haggard

139 - Rocío Dúrcal

140 - Bono

141 - Christina Aguilera

142 - Russell Thompkins Jr.

143 - Luciano

144 - Darlene Love

145 - PJ Harvey

146 - Ruth Brown

147 - Barbra Streisand

148 - Levon Helm

149 - Wanda Jackson

150 - Bryan Ferry

151 - Martha Reeves

152 - Michael Stipe

153 - Mahlathini

154 - Dion

155 - Corin Tucker

156 - George Strait

157 - Robert Smith

158 - Carrie Underwood

159 - Mississippi John Hurt

160 - Mercedes Sosa

161 - Brenda Lee

162 - Françoise Hardy

163 - Bobby "Blue" Bland

164 -  Sandy Denny

165 - Ronnie James Dio

166 - Morrissey

167 - Marc Anthony

168 - Debbie Harry

169 - Sylvester

170 - Chris Stapleton

171 - Odetta

172 - Juan Gabriel

173 - Marianne Faithfull

174 - Buddy Holly

175 - Lana Del Rey

176 - Iggy Pop

177 - Patty Loveless

178 - Tabu Ley Rochereau

179 - Martha Wash

180 - SZA

181 - Bob Seger

182 - Jazmine Sullivan

183 - Solomon Burke

184 - Karen O

185 - Alicia Keys

186 - Ofra Haza

187 - Bonnie Raitt

188 - Fela Kuti

189 - Joan Baez

190 - Frank Ocean

191 - Jung Kook

192 - Anohni

193 - Brandy Norwood

194 - Kelly Clarkson

195 - Poly Styrene

196 - Paul Westerberg

197 - Burna Boy

198 - Billie Eilish

199 - Glenn Danzig

200 - Rosalía

Ver também

 100 Maiores Guitarristas de Todos os Tempos (revista Rolling Stone)
 500 Maiores Álbuns de Todos os Tempos da Rolling Stone
 Lista das 100 melhores canções da década de 2000 pela Rolling Stone
 Lista das 100 maiores músicas brasileiras pela Rolling Stone Brasil
 Lista das 100 maiores vozes da música brasileira pela Rolling Stone Brasil
 Lista dos 100 maiores artistas da música brasileira pela Rolling Stone Brasil

Listas da Rolling Stone
Listas de música

Lista dos 200 melhores cantores de todos os tempos segundo a revista Rolling Stone


Onthophagus nudatus é uma espécie de besouro encontrado mundialmente e popularmente conhecido no Brasil de besouro do esterco. As larvas alimentam-se de esterco, algumas espécies alimentam-se de fungos, fruta podre ou caroços. Os machos de muitas espécies têm ornamentos na cabeça.inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por D'Orbigny em 1913.

Referências

Ligações externas

nudatus
Coleópteros descritos em 1913

Onthophagus nudatus


Agave isthmensis ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Agaven (Agave).

Beschreibung
Agave isthmensis  formt kleinbleibende, kompakte Rosetten mit einer Wuchshöhe von 17 bis 32 cm und einem Durchmesser von 25 bis 36 cm. Sie bildet reichlich rhizomatöse Ableger. Die breiten, aufgerauten grauen bis bläulichen Blätter sind 8 bis 10 cm lang, 5 bis 8 cm breit und zur Basis verschmälert. Die Blattränder sind tief gekerbt. Die kräftigen, braunen bis rötlichen Randzähne sind variabel angeordnet. Der braune bis rötliche Enddorn ist 1 bis 1,5 cm lang.

Der rispige, längliche, gerade Blütenstand wird 1,7 bis 2,2 m hoch. Die fleischigen, gelben Blüten sind 38 bis 46 mm lang und erscheinen am oberen Teil des Blütenstandes an unregelmäßig angeordneten Verzweigungen. Die trichterige, dreifurchige Blütenröhre ist 4 bis 5 mm lang.

Die eiförmigen dreikammerigen Kapselfrüchte sind 16 bis 22 mm lang und 10 bis 18 mm. Die schwarzen Samen sind 2 bis 4 mm lang und 1 bis 2 mm breit.

Die Blütezeit reicht von Juli bis September.

Systematik und Verbreitung
Agave isthmensis wächst in Mexiko in den Bundesstaaten Oaxaca und Chiapas in Waldland bis 900 m Höhe.

Die Erstbeschreibung durch Abisai Josue García-Mendoza und Felipe Palma ist 1993 veröffentlicht worden.

Agave isthmensis ist ein Vertreter der Gruppe Hiemiflorae. Charakteristisch sind die kleinbleibenden, kompakten Rosetten, mit den breiten, aufgerauten, grauen bis bläulichen Blättern. Die Art bildet reichlich rhizomatöse Ableger. Sie ist verwandt mit Agave potatorum, und Agave seemanniana (Agave pygmaea), jedoch sind Unterschiede in Größe, Form und Blattstruktur erkennbar.

Literatur

 T. Heller: Agaven isthmensis. Münster 2006. S. 98–99.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Agaven
Isthmensis

Agave isthmensis


أفالون  هي إحدى مدن مقاطعة لوس أنجليس، كاليفورنيا. تم إعطاءها لقب مدينة في 26 يونيو، 1913.

المناخ
يظهر الجدول التالي التغييرات المناخية على مدار السنة لأفالون:

أعلام

 جيروم كادي
 توماس تاونسند براون
 غريغوري هاريسون
 سيلفستر دونوفان ريان

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1913
تأسيسات سنة 1913 في كاليفورنيا
جزر قناة كاليفورنيا
مدن ساحلية في كاليفورنيا
مدن كاليفورنيا
مدن لوس أنجلوس (كاليفورنيا)

أفالون (كاليفورنيا)


Lamèch ist ein kleiner Einschlagkrater auf der nordöstlichen Mondvorderseite, südlich des Nebenkraters Eudoxus D, südwestlich des Kraters Eudoxus.
Der Krater ist schalenförmig, der Kraterrand ist erodiert.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem französischen Selenographen Félix Chemla Lamèch offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Lamèch auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)

Lamèch (Mondkrater)


Luis María Pescetti (San Jorge, 15 de janeiro de 1958) é um escritor, músico e cantor argentino vencedor do Grammy Latino.

Biografia
Luis Maria Pesetti nasceu em 15 de janeiro de 1958 em San Jorge, Santa Fe. Recebeu diversos honrarias como o Prêmio Casa de las Américas em 1997, o Prêmio The White Ravens nos anos de 1998, 2001 e 2005 (dado pela Internationale Jugendbibliothek) e três Prêmios Gardel. Em 2010, ganhou o Grammy Latino de Melhor Álbum Infantil do Ano, e o Grande Prêmio ALIJA dado pelo Conselho Internacional de Livros para Jovens da Argentina por Cartas al Rey de la Cabina. Em 2011 recebeu o Prêmio Konex por seu trabalho na área de literatura e música infanto-juvenil.

Discografia

El vampiro negro (1999)
Casette pirata (2001)
Antología de Luis Pescetti (2003)
Bocasucia (2004)
Qué público de porquería (2005)
Inútil insistir (2008)
Cartas al Rey de la Cabina (2010)
Tengo mal comportamiento (2011)
Él empezó primero (2013)

Ligações externas
Site oficial

Nascidos em 1958
Vencedores do Grammy Latino
Cantores da Argentina
Escritores da Argentina

Luis Pescetti


Grobnički list: glasilo Katedre Čakavskoga sabora Grobinšćine, bio je hrvatski godišnjak iz Čavla. Izlazio je na čakavici.

Pokrenut je 1994. kao mjesečnik, no tijekom izdavanja mijenjao je učestalost izlaženja (1995. trogodišnje, 2002. tromjesečno).

Dugogodišnja urednica lista bila je Vlasta Juretić.

Izvori

Čakavsko narječje

Grobnički list


دكوانة هي إحدى القرى اللبنانية من قرى قضاء المتن في محافظة جبل لبنان. وأغلب سكانها هم من المسيحيين.

تبعد دكوانة - دير مار روكز - ضهر الحصين 6 كلم (3.7284 مي) عن بيروت عاصمة لبنان. ترتفع 30 م (98.43 قدم - 32.808 يارد) عن سطح البحر وتمتد على مساحة 410 هكتاراً (4.1 كلم²- 1.5826 مي²).أحد أهم شوارعها هو شارع السلاف التجاري.

معرض صور

المراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قضاء المتن
أماكن مأهولة في لبنان
العصر الحجري القديم
تجمعات مارونية في لبنان
مدن لبنان
مواقع أثرية في لبنان

دكوانة


Zionsville or Zionville may refer to:

Zionsville, Indiana
Zionville, North Carolina
Zionsville, Pennsylvania

Zionsville


Der Radziwiłł-Palast (auch: Zegrzyński-Palast, poln. Pałac Radziwiłłów oder Pałac Zegrzyńskich) in Zegrze ist eine klassizistische, ehemalige Sommerresidenz, die am hohen Nordufer des Zegrze-Stausees liegt. Der Palast wurde von polnischen Magnaten und russischen Generalen bewohnt. Heute befindet sich hier ein Hotel.

Geschichte
Der Palast wurde 1862 von der damaligen Eigentümerfamilie von Zegrze, den Krasińskis, errichtet. Jadwiga Krasińska heiratete 1862 den Magnatensohn Maciej Radziwiłł; das Paar erhielt den Besitz als Mitgift und lebte hier. Als das zaristische Regime in Polen entschied, den Ort zur Festung Zegrze auszubauen, mussten die Radziwiłłs Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts den Palast und seine Umgebung für 300.000 Rubel an das russische Militär verkaufen. Den relativ hohen Kaufpreis verdankte das Ehepaar den guten Kontakten von Maciej Radziwiłł zum Zaren Alexander III., dem er seit 1884 als Kammerherr gedient hatte. 1902 erbauten die Radziwiłłs einen neuen Palast im benachbarten Jadwisin.

Am 21. August 1897 besuchte vermutlich Zar Nikolaus II. in Begleitung des russischen Kriegsministers Pjotr Semjonowitsch Wannowski den Palast, der bis dahin zur Sommerresidenz des russischen Kommandanten der Großraumfestung Warschau umgebaut worden war. In Folge lebten im Palast die russischen Generale Dmitry Woroniec, Epifan Husakow, Alexander Lebiediew and Alexander Petrov – weshalb das Gebäude damals auch als "Palast der Generale" (poln. Pałac Generałów) bezeichnet wurde.

Nach Wiedererlangung der Unabhängigkeit wurde der Palast vom November 1918 bis 1921 vom jetzt polnischen Festungskommandanten in Zegrze, Oberst Olgierd Pożerski, genutzt. Nach Auflösung der Festungsgarnison und Übernahme der militärischen Einrichtungen durch die polnische Feldpost- und Fernmeldetruppe wurde der Palast und sein gepflegter Park in der Zwischenkriegszeit zu Erholungszwecken genutzt.

1959 übernahm die Polska Agencja Prasowa den Palast und seine Parkanlage und verwendete ihn als Erholungsheim. Seit September 2009 gehören Palast und Park zum modernen Centrum Kongresowe Warszawianka im nahegelegenen Jachranka. Seitdem wird das Anwesen als Hotel und Konferenzzentrum genutzt. Im Palast selbst stehen rund 15 Gästezimmer, in kleineren Gebäuden im weitläufigen Park mit seinem alten Baumbestand stehen weitere 23 Betten zur Verfügung.

Siehe auch
 Radziwiłł-Palast
 Liste der Burgen und Paläste in Masowien

Weblinks

 Geschichte des Palastes auf der Webseite des heutigen Betreibers (in Englisch)
 Monika Banach: Zegrze: Pałac Radziwiłłów bei ZycieWarszawy.pl vom 17. Mai 2011 (in Polnisch)
 Website des Eigentümers (Warszawianka)

Einzelnachweise

Palast in Polen
Erbaut in den 1860er Jahren
Klassizistisches Bauwerk in Polen
Bauwerk in der Woiwodschaft Masowien
Kulturdenkmal in der Woiwodschaft Masowien
Gmina Serock
Radziwiłł
Hotel in Polen

Radziwiłł-Palast (Zegrze)


Hilda Gobbi () a fost o actriță maghiară, laureată a premiului Kossuth, distinsă cu titlurile de artist emerit și maestru al artei. Compozitorul, violonistul și dirijorul Alajos Gobbi este nepotul ei.

Biografie
Era fiica lui Ede Alajos Gobbi, directorul unei fabrici de hârtie de tapițerie, și al lui Margit Schneckenburger, credincioși romano-catolici din Budapesta. Avea origine italiană din partea tatălui. Hilda a urmat Școala Secundară de Comerț din Putnok, apoi cursuri la Universitatea Pázmány Péter. Între 1932 și 1935 a studiat la Academia de Teatru și Film din Budapesta. După absolvire, a fost angajată la Teatrul Național din Budapesta. Între anii 1960 și 1970 a jucat la Teatrul József Attila, din 1971 până în 1982 din nou la Teatrul Național, iar din 1982 până la moartea sa la Teatrul Katona József.

Înainte de 1945 a participat la activitatea teatrală, a fost reprezentantă în Sindicatul Vasas și a activat în mișcarea de rezistență. În timpul ocupației germane din 19 martie 1944 a desfășurat o activitate clandestină, procurând cu ajutorul tatălui ei, comandant de batalion, permise de scutire militară pe care le-a transmis prin superiorii ei către Árpád Horváth și Tamás Major.

După război a contribuit activ la reconstrucția Teatrului Național. Angajată în mișcarea de stânga, a participat, de asemenea, la viața publică. Într-un interviu a spus odată: "Nu am fost niciodată "doar" un actor. Cred că este un lucru banal că actorul a vrut întotdeauna să facă politică."

Și-a manifestat deschis afecțiunea pentru femei, trăind timp de mulți ani împreună cu actrița Hédi Temessy și apoi cu scriitoarea Erzsébet Galgóczi.

Activitatea artistică
Numărul rolurilor interpretate potrivit evidențelor teatrale este de 124. Printre acestea se numără următoarele:

Roluri principale

Piese de teatru

 Fedra (Jean Racine: Fedra)
 Mirigy (Mihály Vörösmarty: Csongor és Tünde)
 Mina néni, Zsani néni (Zsigmond Móricz: Nem élhetek muzsikaszó nélkül)
 Nyilas Misi (Zsigmond Móricz: Fii bun până la moarte)
 Pallagné (János Kodolányi: Vidéki történet)
 York hercegné, majd Margit királyné (Shakespeare: Richard al III-lea)
 Gertrud (Shakespeare: Hamlet)
 Karnyóné (Csokonai: címszerep)
 Iluska mostohája (Kacsóh-Heltai: János vitéz)
 Ljubov Jarovaja (Trenyov: címszerep)
 Oinone (Racine: Fedra)
 Mamurré anyó (Sarmante: A 106. születésnap)
 Mrs. Pearce (G. B. Shaw: Pygmalion)
 Aurelie (Jean Giraudoux: Párizs bolondja)
 Murzaveckaja (Ostrovski: Farkasok és bárányok)
 Gertrudis (József Katona: Bánk bán)
 Vassza Zseleznova (Gorki: címszerep)
 Ferenc reichstadti herceg (Rostand: A sasfiók)
 Aase (Henrik Ibsen: Peer Gynt)
 Varvara (Pavlenko: Boldogság)
 Huberné (Milán Füst: Boldogtalanok)
 Eugénia (Sławomir Mrożek: Tangó)
 Öregasszony (György Spiró: Csirkefej)
 Rizi (István Örkény: Pisti a vérzivatarban)
 Gilz háztulajdonosnő (Elias Canetti: Esküvő)

Filme

 A kölcsönkért kastély (1937)
 Süt a nap (1938)
 Péntek Rézi (1938)
 A hölgy egy kissé bogaras (1938)
 Áll a bál (1939)
 Dr. Kovács István (1941)
 Üzenet a Volga-partról (1942)
 Sári bíró (1943)
 Egy asszony elindul (1948)
 Mágnás Miska (1949)
 1949 Janika, regia Márton Keleti
 1950 Kis Katalin házassága
 1951 Căsătorie ciudată (Különös házasság, regia Márton Keleti
 1951 Toată lumea pe stadion (Civil a pályán), regia Márton Keleti
 Becsület és dicsőség (1951)
 Nyugati övezet (1952)
 Péntek 13 (1953)
 Rokonok (1954)
 Tanár úr kérem (1956)
 Hannibál tanár úr (1956)
 Külvárosi legenda (1957)
 1958 Édes Anna, regia Zoltán Fábri
 Vörös tinta (1959)
 Tegnap (1959)
 Fekete szem éjszakája (1959)
 Aranyfácán (film TV, 1960)
 Mindenki ártatlan? (1961)
 Elektra (1962)
 1962 Omul de aur (Az aranyember), regia Viktor Gertler
 Hattyúdal (1963)
 Párbeszéd (1963)
 A pénzcsináló (1964)
 Nyaralás Piroskával (1965)
 Kártyavár (1967)
 Mondd a neved (1967)
 Bors (1968)
 Egri csillagok (1968)
 A veréb is madár (1968)
 A fekete város (film TV, 1971)
 A vőlegény nyolckor érkezik (1972)
 Különös vadászat (film TV, 1972)
 Kakuk Marci (1973)
 Ejnye Cecília! (1973)
 Szépség Háza (film TV, 1975)
 Százéves asszony (1976)
 Amerikai cigaretta (1977)
 Mateiaș gâscarul (1977)
 Használt koporsó (1979)
 Kojak la Budapesta (1980)
 Bolond nagysága (film TV, 1981)
 A Mi Ügyünk, avagy az utolsó hazai maffia hiteles története (film TV, 1982)
 Holt lelkek (film TV, 1983)
 A vén bakancsos és fia, a huszár (film TV, 1984)
 Elcserélt szerelem (1984)
 A nagymama (1985)
 Szaffi (1985) - Cafrinka ("vrăjitoarea bătrână")
 Csongor és Tünde (1986)
 Nyolc évszak ep. 1-8. (film TV, 1986)
 A Jávor (1987)
 Egy gazdag hölgy szeszélye (1987)

Le-a dublat, de asemenea, pe actrițele străine în numeroase filme.

Teatru radiofonic
 A Szabó család mătușa Szabó
A jucat în numeroase piese de teatru radiofonic.

Premii și distincții
 Premiul  Farkas–Ratkó (1941)
 Ordinul Libertății, clasa de argint (1947)
 Premiul Kossuth (1949)
 Artist emerit (1950)
 Maestru al artei (1955)
 Ordinul Muncii (1973)
 Premiul SZOT (1977)
 Ordinul Drapelului Republicii Populare Ungare (1983)
 Ordinul Drapelului Republicii Populare Ungare încununat cu lauri (1988)

Note

Lectură suplimentară
 Színházi adattár . Országos Színháztörténeti Múzeum és Intézet
 A budapesti Katona József Színház hivatalos honlapja
 A Katona József Színház bemutatói 1982-
 Katona József Színház 1982–2002. Balassi Kiadó. 2002.
 Nánay István: Indul a Katona
 Mészáros Tamás: "A KATONA" Pesti Szalon Könyvkiadó (1997)  PORT.HU
 Mihály Gábor: A Kaposvár jelenség. Múzsák Közművelődési Kiadó, 1984.
 Magyar színházművészeti lexikon. Főszerk. Székely György. Budapest: Akadémiai. 1994. ISBN 9630566354
 A Bajor Gizi Színészmúzeum honlapja

 magyarszinhaz.hu Gobbi Hilda
 Kis Márta: Ki volt Gobbi Hilda? 6 iunie 2011.
 Gobbi Hilda: Közben... (Szépirodalmi Könyvkiadó 1982.)
 Gobbi Hilda-honlap az OSZK gondozásában

Nașteri în 1913
Decese în 1988
Actrițe maghiare
Romano-catolici maghiari
Oameni din Budapesta
LGBT

Hilda Gobbi


An Platychorda applanata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Spreng., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Barbara Gillian Briggs och Lawrence Alexander Sidney Johnson. An Platychorda applanata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Platychorda, ngan familia nga Restionaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Platychorda

Platychorda applanata


Olaylar
 8 Eylül - II. Maximilian, Kutsal Roma Cermen İmparatorluğu hükümdarı seçildi.
 4 Aralık - Trento Konsili son kez toplandı.
 Babil Kulesi'nin "Viyana versiyonu" yapıldı.
 Hiiu ili adası İsveç yönetimine girdi.
 Giuseppe Arcimboldo günümüzde hâlen Viyana Sanat Tarihi Müzesi'nde sergilenen Yaz adlı eserini tamamladı.
 I. Hagop, İstanbul Ermeni Patrikhanesi'nin patriği oldu.

Doğumlar
 İmam-ı Rabbani Hindistan'da yaşamış İslâm âlimi ve tasavvuf önderi (ö. 1624)
 Anton Möller, Alman ressam (ö. 1611)

Ölümler
 Domenico Campagnola, ressam ve oymabaskı sanatçısı, ilk profesyonel çizim ustalarından (d. 1454)
 Kara Fazlî, Kanûni Sultan Süleyman'ın şehzadelerine divan kâtipliği yapan 16. yüzyıl şairi (d. 1454)
 Andreas Vesalius, Roma İmparatoru V. Charles'ın eczacısının oğlu, Antik Çağ'dan beri süregelen insan bedeni hakkındaki yanlış düşünceleri düzelten anatomist ve doktor (d. 1514)
 Bartolomé de Escobedo, İspanyol besteci (d. 1500)
 Hadım İbrahim Paşa, Anadolu ve Rumeli beylerbeyliği ile Kubbealtı vezirliği görevlerinde bulunmuş Osmanlı devlet adamı, Yavuz Sultan Selim'in en küçük kızı Fatma Sultan'ın üçüncü ve son eşi

1563


The  was a large and powerful carrier-borne torpedo-dive bomber produced by Aichi Kokuki for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service during the Second World War. Built in only small numbers and deprived of the aircraft carriers it was intended to operate from, the type had little chance to distinguish itself in combat before the war ended in August 1945.

Design and development
The B7A Ryusei (originally designated AM-23 by Aichi) was designed in response to a 1941 16-Shi requirement issued by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service for a carrier attack bomber that would replace both the Nakajima B6N Tenzan torpedo plane and the Yokosuka D4Y Suisei dive bomber in IJN service. It was intended for use aboard a new generation of Taihō-class carriers, the first of which was laid down in July 1941. Because the deck elevators on the Taihōs had a larger square area than those of older Japanese carriers, the longstanding maximum limit of  on carrier aircraft length could now be lifted.

Chief Engineer Toshio Ozaki (name often seen as Norio Ozaki, but this is incorrect because the Kanji for both first names are the same and often confused) chose a mid-wing arrangement for the B7A to provide for an internal bomb-bay and to ensure enough clearance for the plane's  four-bladed propeller. This in turn necessitated the adoption of an inverted gull wing, reminiscent of the F4U Corsair, in order to shorten the length of the main landing gear. The wing featured extendable ailerons with a ten-degree range of deflection, enabling them to act as auxiliary flaps. Dive brakes were fitted underneath just outboard of the fuselage. The B7A's outer wing panels were designed to fold upwards hydraulically for carrier stowage, reducing its overall span from  to approximately .

Selection of a powerplant was dictated by the Japanese Navy which requested that Aichi design the aircraft around the 1,360 kW (1,825 hp) Nakajima NK9C Homare 12 18-cylinder two-row air-cooled radial engine. This was expected to become the Navy's standard aircraft engine in the 1,340 kW (1,800 hp) to 1,641 kW (2,200 hp) range. One production model B7A2 was later fitted with a 1,491 kW (2,000 hp) Nakajima Homare 23 radial engine and plans were also made to fit the 1,641 kW (2,200 hp) Mitsubishi MK9 radial to an advanced version of the Ryusei (designated B7A3 Ryusei Kai) but the latter effort never came to fruition.

The B7A had a weight-carrying capacity stemming from its requirements, resulting in a weapons load no greater than its predecessors. The presence of an internal bomb bay with two high-load-capability attachment points allowed the aircraft to carry two 250 kg (550 lb) or six 60 kg (132 lb) bombs. Alternatively, it could carry a single externally mounted Type 91 torpedo, weighing up to 848 kg (1,870 lb).

Defensive armament initially consisted of two 20mm Type 99 Model 2 cannons in the wing roots and one flexible 7.92mm Type 1 machine-gun mounted in the rear cockpit. Later production models of the B7A2 featured a 13mm Type 2 machine-gun in place of the 7.92mm gun.

Despite the plane's weight and size, it displayed fighter-like handling and performance, beating the version of the A6M Zero in service at the time. It was fast and highly maneuverable.

Given the codename "Grace" by the Allies, the B7A first flew as a prototype in May 1942, but teething problems with the experimental NK9C Homare engine and necessary modifications to the airframe meant that the type did not enter into production until two years later in May 1944. Nine prototype B7A1s were built and 80 production version B7A2s completed by Aichi before a severe earthquake in May 1945 destroyed the factory at Funakata where they were being assembled. A further 25 examples were produced at the 21st Naval Air Arsenal at Omura.

Operational history
In June 1944, the Taihō was the only Imperial Japanese Navy aircraft carrier then modern enough to operate the B7A Ryusei in its intended role. Other Japanese carriers lacked the modern arresting gear necessary to assist the recovery of aircraft weighing over 4000 kg. However, Taiho was sunk during the Battle of the Philippine Sea before enough B7As were even available to embark. Afterward, the B7A was relegated to operating from land bases, primarily with the Yokosuka and 752nd Air Groups. The Japanese completed only one other carrier capable of operating the B7A, the Shinano, which was sunk by an American submarine in November 1944, just ten days after being commissioned.

Variants
B7A1 One prototype and eight supplementary prototypes.
B7A2 Two-seat torpedo-dive bomber aircraft for the Imperial Japanese Navy; 105 built.
B7A2 Experimental One aircraft fitted with a 1,491 kW (2,000 hp) Nakajima Homare 23 radial engine.
B7A3 Proposed version with a 1641 kW (2,200 hp) Mitsubishi MK9A (Ha-43). Not built.

Number built
According to Model Art (2000), p. 72.
Funakata Factory, Aichi Kokuki, Nagoya, work number 3201-3289.

21st Naval Air Arsenal, Imperial Japanese Navy, Ōmura, work number 1-25.

Operators

Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service
Yokosuka Naval Air Group
131st Naval Air Group
752nd Naval Air Group
1001st Naval Air Group
5th Attack Squadron, a part of 131st/752nd Naval Air Group

Specifications (B7A2)

See also

Notes

Bibliography
 Chant, Chris. Aircraft of World War II - 300 of the World's Greatest aircraft 1939-45. Amber Books Ltd., 1999. .
 Francillon, Ph.D., René J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1979. .
 Gunston, Bill. Military Aviation Library World War II: Japanese & Italian Aircraft. Salamander Books Ltd., 1985. .

 Mondey, David. Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II. Temple Press, 1984. .
 Model Art Special Issue Carrier Attack Bombers of the Imperial Japanese Navy. Model Art Co., Ltd., 2000.

External links

  Aichi B7A2 Ryusei (Shooting Star) GRACE  - National Air and Space Museum
 IJN Pics

B7A
B7A, Aichi
B7A, Aichi
B7A, Aichi
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Inverted gull-wing aircraft
Carrier-based aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1942

Aichi B7A


daya motors  යනු  කෘෂිකාර්මික උපකරණ සහ කෘෂිකාර්මික යන්ත්‍ර නිෂ්පාදනය සහ අලුත්වැඩියා කිරීම.

බැටරි ආරෝපණය කිරීම් සහ බැටරි පරික්ෂා කිරීම.

සියලුම වර්ගයේ ඇණ සහ මුරිච්චි.

ඉන්ජෙක්ටර් පොම්ප අලුත් අලුත්වැඩියා කිරීම්.

hydraulic හයිඩ්‍රොලික් හෝස් අලුත්වැඩියා කිරීමó

දුරකථන අංක :- 0772346845 (Iresh prasanna dayananda)

Daya Motors kanthale


San Serafín de Montegranario  (1540 - 12 de octubre de 1604) es un fraile franciscano italiano. Es venerado como santo por la Iglesia católica.

Biografía

Felice de Nicola nació en Montegranaro en una pobre y piadosa familia. En su juventud trabajó como leñador, una ocupación que le dio mucho tiempo libre para la oración y otros ejercicios de piedad. A la muerte de sus padres, fue sometido a malos tratos por su hermano mayor. A los dieciséis años, entró en la Orden de los Hermanos Menores Capuchinos y recibió el nombre de Serafín.

Se distinguió por su sencillez afectiva, mortificación, y obediencia, así como la caridad que, con los pobres no tenía límites. Tenía una devoción especial a la Santísima Eucaristía y a la Virgen.

Serafín fue dotado con el don de leer los secretos de los corazones, y con la de milagro y la profecía. Aunque analfabeto, su consejo era buscado por dignatarios eclesiásticos y seculares, y fue una fructífera fuente de virtud a las almas. Su tumba está en el convento de los Capuchinos en Ascoli. Fue canonizado por el papa Clemente XIII, 16 de julio de 1767. Su fiesta se celebra el 12 de octubre. Una iglesia en San Lorenzo Nuovo está dedicada a él.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 San Serafín de Montegranaro en franciscanos.org
 San Serafín en www.frayleopoldo.org

Capuchinos de Italia del siglo XVI
Santos católicos de Italia del siglo XVII
Santos franciscanos
Taumaturgos
Nacidos en Montegranaro
Fallecidos en Ascoli Piceno

Serafín de Monte Granario de Nicola


Cyrtodactylus es un género de gecos pertenecientes a la familia Gekkonidae. Son especies principalmente nocturnas y terrestres. Se encuentran en el sur de Asia, en Indonesia, en África y en muchas islas de la zona (Filipinas, por ejemplo).

Especies

Se reconocen las 233 especies siguientes:
 Cyrtodactylus aaroni Günther & Rösler, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus adleri Das, 1997.
 Cyrtodactylus adorus Shea, Couper, Wilmer & Amey, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus aequalis Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus agamensis (Bleeker, 1860).
 Cyrtodactylus agusanensis (Taylor, 1915).
 Cyrtodactylus albofasciatus (Boulenger, 1885).
 Cyrtodactylus angularis (Smith, 1921).
 Cyrtodactylus annandalei Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus annulatus (Taylor, 1915).
 Cyrtodactylus arcanus Oliver, Richards & Sistrom, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus astrum Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus aurensis Grismer, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus auribalteatus Sumontha, Panitvong & Deein, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus australotitiwangsaensis Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus arndti  Ngo, Hormann, Le, Pham, Phung, Do, Ostrowski, Nguyen & Ziegler, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus ayeyarwadyensis Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus awalriyantoi Ahda, Nugraha, Hon Tjong, Kurniawan, Amardi, Fauzi & Lin, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus badenensis Nguyen, Orlov & Darevsky, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus baluensis (Mocquard, 1890).
 Cyrtodactylus bansocensis Luu, Nguyen, Le, Bonkowst & Ziegler, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus batik Iskandar, Rachmansah & Umilaela, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus batucolus Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus bichnganae Tri & Grismer, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus bidoupimontis Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Phung, Nguyen, Hoang & Ziegler, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus bintangrendah Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus bintangtinggi Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus biordinis Brown & Mccoy, 1980.
 Cyrtodactylus bobrovi Nguyen, Le, Van Pham, Ngo, Hoang, The Pham & Ziegler, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus boreoclivus Oliver, Krey, Mumpuni & Richards, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus brevidactylus Bauer, 2002.
 Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus (Smith, 1923).
 Cyrtodactylus buchardi David, Teynié & Ohler, 2004.
 Cyrtodactylus bugiamapensis Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Phung, Nguyen, Hoang & Ziegler, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus camortensis Chandramouli, 2020.
 Cyrtodactylus caovansungi Orlov, Quang Truong, Nazarov, Ananjeva & Ngoc Sang, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus capreoloides Rösler, Richards & Günther, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus cattienensis Geissler, Nazarov, Orlov, Böhme, Phung, Nguyen & Ziegler, 2009.
 Cyrtodactylus cavernicolus Inger & King, 1961.
 Cyrtodactylus celatus Kathriner, Bauer, O'Shea, Sanchez & Kaiser, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus chengodumalaensis Agarwal, Umesh, Das, Bauer & Khandekar, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus chanhomeae Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus chauquangensis Quang, Orlov, Ananjeva, Johns, Ngoc Thao & Quang Vinh, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus chrysopylos Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus chumuensis Ngo, Hormann, Le, Pham, Phung, Do, Ostrowski, Nguyen & Ziegler, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus collegalensis (Beddome, 1870).
 Cyrtodactylus condorensis (Smith, 1921).
 Cyrtodactylus consobrinoides (Annandale, 1905).
 Cyrtodactylus consobrinus (Peters, 1871).
 Cyrtodactylus cracens Batuwita & Bahir, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus cryptus Heidrich, Rösler, Thanh, Böhme & Ziegler, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus cucdongensis Schneider, Phung, Le, Nguyen & Ziegler, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus cucphuongensis Ngo & Onn, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus darevskii Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Nguyen, Milto, Martynov, Konstantinov & Chulisov, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus darmandvillei (Weber, 1890).
 Cyrtodactylus dati Ngo Van Tri, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus deccanensis (Günther, 1864).
 Cyrtodactylus denticulatus Chomdej, Suwannapoom, Pradit, Phupanbai & Grismer, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus derongo Brown & Parker, 1973.
 Cyrtodactylus deveti (Brongersma, 1948).
 Cyrtodactylus disjunctus Grismer, Pawangkhanant, Idiiatullina, Trofimets, Nazarov, Suwannapoom & Poyarkov, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus doisuthep Kunya, Panmongkol, Pauwels, Sumontha, Meewasana, Bunkhwamdi & Dangsri, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus dumnuii Bauer, Kunya, Sumontha, Niyomwan, Pauwels, Chanhome & Kunya, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus durio Grismer, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Onn, Grismer & Ahmad, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus edwardtaylori Batuwita & Bahir, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus eisenmanae Ngo Van Tri, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus elok Dring, 1979.
 Cyrtodactylus epiroticus Kraus, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus equestris Oliver, Richards, Mumpuni & Rösler, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus erythrops Bauer, Kunya, Sumontha, Niyomwan, Panitvong, Pauwels, Chanhome & Kunya, 2009.
 Cyrtodactylus fasciolatum (Blyth, 1861).
 Cyrtodactylus feae (Boulenger, 1893).
 Cyrtodactylus fraenatus (Günther, 1864).
 Cyrtodactylus fumosus (Müller, 1895).
 Cyrtodactylus gansi Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus gonjong Nugraha, Ahda, Tjong, Kurniawan, Riyanto, Fauzi & Lin, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus gordongekkoi (Das, 1994).
 Cyrtodactylus grismeri Ngo Van Tri, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus guakanthanensis Grismer, Belabut, Quah, Onn, Wood & Hasim, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus gubaot Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus gubernatoris (Annandale, 1913).
 Cyrtodactylus gunungsenyumensis Grismer, Wood, Anuar, Davis, Cobos & Murdoch, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus halmahericus (Mertens, 1929).
 Cyrtodactylus hikidai Riyanto, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus hontreensis Ngo, Grismer & Grismer, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus hoskini Shea, Couper, Wilmer & Amey, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus huongsonensis Luu, Nguyen, Do & Ziegler, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus huynhi Ngo & Bauer, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus ingeri Hikida, 1990.
 Cyrtodactylus interdigitalis Ulber, 1993.
 Cyrtodactylus intermedius (Smith, 1917).
 Cyrtodactylus inthanon Kunya, Sumontha, Panitvong, Dongkumfu, Sirisamphan & Pauwels, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus irianjayaensis Rösler, 2001.
 Cyrtodactylus irregularis (Smith, 1921).
 Cyrtodactylus irulaorum Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus jaegeri Luu, Calame, Bonkowski, Nguyen & Ziegler, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus jambangan Welton, Siler, Diesmos & Brown, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus jarakensis Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus jarujini Ulber, 1993.
 Cyrtodactylus jelawangensis Grismer, Wood, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Mohamed, Onn, Sumarli, Loredo & Heinz, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus jellesmae (Boulenger, 1897).
 Cyrtodactylus jeyporensis (Beddome, 1878).
 Cyrtodactylus khakahensis Hartmann, Mecke, Kiechbusch, Mader & Kaiser, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus khammouanensis Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Nguyen, Milto, Martynov, Konstantinov & Chulisov, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus khasiensis (Jerdon, 1870).
 Cyrtodactylus khelangensis Pauwels, Sumontha, Panitvong & Varaguttanonda, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus kimberleyensis Bauer & Doughty, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus kingsadai Ziegler, Phung, Le & Nguyen, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus klugei Kraus, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus kunyai Pauwels, Sumontha, Keeratikiat & Phanamphon, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus laevigatus Darevsky, 1964.
 Cyrtodactylus langkawiensis Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus lateralis (Werner, 1896).
 Cyrtodactylus leegrismeri Chan & Norhayati, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus lekaguli Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus lomyenensis Ngo Van Tri & Pauwels, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus loriae (Boulenger, 1897).
 Cyrtodactylus louisiadensis (De Vis, 1892).
 Cyrtodactylus macrotuberculatus Grismer & Ahmad, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus majulah Grismer, Wood & Lim, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus malayanus (De Rooij, 1915).
 Cyrtodactylus malcolmsmithi (Constable, 1949).
 Cyrtodactylus mamanwa Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus mandalayensis Mahony, 2009.
 Cyrtodactylus markuscombaii (Darevsky, Helfenberger, Orlov & Shah, 1998).
 Cyrtodactylus marmoratus Gray, 1831.
 Cyrtodactylus martini Ngo Van Tri, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus martinstolli (Darevsky, Helfenberger, Orlov & Shah, 1998).
 Cyrtodactylus matsuii Hikida, 1990.
 Cyrtodactylus mcdonaldi Shea, Couper, Wilmer & Amey, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus medioclivus Oliver, Richards & Sistrom, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus metropolis Grismer, Wood, Onn, Anuar & Muin, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus mimikanus (Boulenger, 1914).
 Cyrtodactylus minor Oliver & Richards, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus multiporus Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Nguyen, Milto, Martynov, Konstantinov & Chulisov, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus murua Kraus & Allison, 2006.
 Cyrtodactylus nebulosus (Beddome, 1870).
 Cyrtodactylus nepalensis (Schleich & Kästle, 1998).
 Cyrtodactylus ngepensis Bohra, Zonunsanga, Das, Purkayastha, Biakzuala y Lalremsangae, 2022.
 Cyrtodactylus nicobaricus Chandramouli, 2020.
 Cyrtodactylus nigriocularis Nguyen, Orlov & Darevsky, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus novaeguineae (Schlegel, 1837).
 Cyrtodactylus nuaulu Oliver, Edgar, Mumpuni, Iskandar & Lilley, 2009.
 Cyrtodactylus oldhami (Theobald, 1876).
 Cyrtodactylus otai Nguyen, Le, Van Pham, Ngo, Hoang, The Pham & Ziegler, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus pageli Schneider, Nguyen, Schmitz, Kingsada, Auer & Ziegler, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus pantiensis Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood & Belabut, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus papilionoides Ulber & Grossmann, 1991.
 Cyrtodactylus papuensis (Brongersma, 1934).
 Cyrtodactylus paradoxus (Darevsky & Szczerbak, 1997).
 Cyrtodactylus payacola Johnson, Quah Anuar, Muin, Wood, Grismer, Greer, Onn, Ahmad, Bauer & Grismer, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus peguensis (Boulenger, 1893).
 Cyrtodactylus petani Riyanto, Grismer & Wood, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus phetchaburiensis Pauwels, Sumontha & Bauer, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus philippinicus (Steindachner, 1867).
 Cyrtodactylus phongnhakebangensis Ziegler, Rösler, Herrmann & Thanh, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus phuketensis Sumontha, Pauwels, Kunya, Nitikul, Samphanthamit & Grismer, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus phuocbinhensis Nguyen, Le, Tran, Orlov, Lathrop, Macculloch, Le, Jin, Nguyen, Nguyen, Hoang, Che, Murphy & Zhang, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus phuquocensis Tri, Grismer & Grismer, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus pronarus Shea, Couper, Wilmer & Amey, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus psarops Harvey, O'Connell, Barraza, Riyanto, Kurniawan & Smith, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus pseudoquadrivirgatus Rösler, Nguyen, Vu, Ngo & Ziegler, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus pubisulcus Inger, 1958.
 Cyrtodactylus puhuensis Nguyen, Yang, Thi Le, Nguyen, Orlov, Hoang, Nguyen, Jin, Rao, Hoang, Che, Murphy & Zhang, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus pulchellus Gray, 1827.
 Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgatus Taylor, 1962.
 Cyrtodactylus ramboda Batuwita & Bahir, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus ranongensis Sumontha, Pauwels,panitvong, Kunya & Grismer, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus redimiculus King, 1962.
 Cyrtodactylus relictus Agarwal, Thackeray & Khandekar, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus rex Oliver, Richards, Mumpuni & Rösler, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus robustus Kraus, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus roesleri Ziegler, Nazarov, Orlov, Nguyen, Vu, Dang, Dinh & Schmitz, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus rosichonariefi Riyanto, Grismer & Wood, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus rubidus (Blyth, 1861).
 Cyrtodactylus rufford Luu, Calame, Nguyen, Le, Bonkowski & Ziegler, 2016.
 Cyrtodactylus russelli Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus sadleiri (Wells & Wellington, 1985).
 Cyrtodactylus saiyok Panitvong, Sumontha, Tunprasert & Pauwels, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus salomonensis Rösler, Richards & Günther, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus samroiyot Pauwels & Sumontha, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus sanook Pauwels, Sumontha, Latinne & Grismer, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus semenanjungensis Grismer & Leong, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus semiadii Riyanto, Bauer & Yudha, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus semicinctus Harvey, O'Connell, Barraza, Riyanto, Kurniawan & Smith, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus seribuatensis Youmans & Grismer, 2006.
 Cyrtodactylus sermowaiensis (De Rooij, 1915).
 Cyrtodactylus serratus Kraus, 2007.
 Cyrtodactylus sharkari Grismer, Wood, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Mohamed, Onn, Sumarli, Loredo & Heinz, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus slowinskii Bauer, 2002.
 Cyrtodactylus soba Batuwita & Bahir, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus soudthichaki Luu, Calame, Nguyen, Bonkowski & Ziegler, 2015.
 Cyrtodactylus spelaeus Nazarov, Poyarkov, Orlov, Nguyen, Milto, Martynov, Konstantinov & Chulisov, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus spinosus Linkem, Mcguire, Hayden, Setiadi, Bickford & Brown, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus stresemanni Rösler & Glaw, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus subsolanus Batuwita & Bahir, 2005.
 Cyrtodactylus sumonthai Bauer, Pauwels & Chanhome, 2002.
 Cyrtodactylus sumuroi Welton, Siler, Linkem, Diesmos & Brown, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus sungaiupe Termprayoon, Rujirawan, Grismer, Wood & Aowphol, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus surin Chan-Ard & Makchai, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus sworderi (Smith, 1925).
 Cyrtodactylus thathomensis Nazarov, Pauwels, Konstantinov, Chulisov, Orlov & Poyarkov, 2018.
 Cyrtodactylus takouensis Ngo & Bauer, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus tamaiensis (Smith, 1940).
 Cyrtodactylus tautbatorum Welton, Siler, Diesmos & Brown, 2009.
 Cyrtodactylus taynguyenensis Nguyen, Le, Tran, Orlov, Lathrop, Macculloch, Le, Jin, Nguyen, Nguyen, Hoang, Che, Murphy & Zhang, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus tebuensis Grismer, Anuar, Muin, Quah & Wood, 2013.
 Cyrtodactylus teyniei David, Nguyen, Schneider & Ziegler, 2011.
 Cyrtodactylus thirakhupti Pauwels, Bauer, Sumontha & Chanhome, 2004.
 Cyrtodactylus thochuensis Ngo Van Tri & Grismer, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus thongphaphumensis Grismer, Rujirawan, Chomdej, Suwannapoom, Yodthong, Aksornneam & Aowphol, 2023.
 Cyrtodactylus thuongae Phung, Van Schingen, Ziegler & Nguyen, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus tibetanus (Boulenger, 1905).
 Cyrtodactylus tigroides Bauer, Sumontha & Pauwels, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus timur Grismer, Wood, Anuar, Quah, Muin, Mohamed, Onn, Sumarli, Loredo & Heinz, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus tiomanensis Das & Lim, 2000.
 Cyrtodactylus triedrus (Günther, 1864).
 Cyrtodactylus trilatofasciatus Grismer, Wood Jr, Quah, Anuar, Muin, Sumontha, Ahmad, Bauer, Wangkulangkul, Grismer & Pauwels, 2012.
 Cyrtodactylus tripartitus Kraus, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus tuberculatus (Lucas & Frost, 1900).
 Cyrtodactylus variegatus (Blyth, 1859).
 Cyrtodactylus vilaphongi Schneider, Nguyen, Duc Le, Nophaseud, Bonkowski & Ziegler, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus wakeorum Bauer, 2003.
 Cyrtodactylus wallacei Hayden, Brown, Gillespie, Setiadi, Linkem, Iskandar, Umilaela, Bickford, Riyanto, Mumpuni & Mcguire, 2008.
 Cyrtodyactylus wangkhramensis Termprayoon, Rujirawan, Grismer, Wood & Aowphol, 2023.
 Cyrtodyactylus wangkulangkulae Sumontha, Pauwels, Suwannakarn, Nutatheera & Sodob, 2014.
 Cyrtodactylus wayakonei Nguyen, Kingsada, Rösler, Auer & Ziegler, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus wetariensis (Dunn, 1927).
 Cyrtodactylus yakhuna (Deraniyagala, 1945).
 Cyrtodactylus yangbayensis Tri & Onn, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus yoshii Hikida, 1990.
 Cyrtodactylus zhaoermii Shi & Zhao, 2010.
 Cyrtodactylus ziegleri Nazarov, Orlov, Nguyen & Ho, 2008.
 Cyrtodactylus zugi Oliver, Tjaturadi, Mumpuni, Krey & Richards, 2008.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Géneros de reptiles

Cyrtodactylus


العدالة الاجتماعية هي العدالة من حيث توزيع الثروة، والفرص، والامتيازات داخل المجتمع. في الحضارة الغربية وكذلك في الحضارات الآسيوية القديمة، غالبًا ما يشير مفهوم العدالة الاجتماعية إلى عملية ضمان قيام الأفراد بأدوارهم المجتمعية والحصول على ما يستحقونه من المجتمع. في حركات العدالة الاجتماعية الحالية، رُكز على كسر الحواجز للحراك الاجتماعي، وإنشاء شبكات الأمان، وتأمين العدالة الاقتصادية. تختص العدالة الاجتماعية بالحقوق والواجبات في مؤسسات المجتمع، ما يمكّن الناس من الحصول على الفوائد الأساسية والتعاون. وغالبًا ما تشمل المؤسسات على الضرائب، والتأمينات الاجتماعية، والصحة العامة، والمدارس الحكومية، والخدمات العامة، وقانون العمل، لضمان توزيع عادل للثروة، وتكافؤ الفرص.

التفسيرات التي تربط العدالة بعلاقة متبادلة بالمجتمع تتأثر بالاختلافات في التقاليد الثقافية، التي يؤكد بعضها على المسؤولية الفردية تجاه المجتمع والبعض الآخر على التوازن بين الوصول إلى السلطة واستخدامها المسؤول.  كما يُستشهد بالعدالة الاجتماعية اليوم أثناء إعادة تفسير الشخصيات التاريخية مثل بارتولومي دي لاس كاساس، في المناقشات الفلسفية حول الاختلافات بين البشر، وفي الجهود المبذولة من أجل المساواة بين الجنسين، ومع تأمين المساواة العرقية والاجتماعية، للدفاع عن العدالة للمهاجرين والسجناء، والبيئة، والمعاقين جسديًا وعقليًا.

بينما يمكن العثور على مفاهيم العدالة الاجتماعية في المصادر الفلسفية الكلاسيكية والمسيحية، من أفلاطون وأرسطو إلى أغسطينوس من هيبون وتوما الأكويني، فمصطلح «العدالة الاجتماعية» وجد استخداماته المبكرة في أواخر القرن الثامن عشر رغم أنه كان من الناحية النظرية أو العملية غير واضح المعنى. وهكذا كان استخدام المصطلح في وقت مبكر خاضعًا لاتهامات التكرار، بالإضافة للتأنق البلاغي في أغلب الأحيان، ولكن ليس بالضرورة، فيما يتعلق بتضخيم وجهة نظر واحدة لعدالة توزيع الدخل. في صياغة وتعريف المصطلح في أطروحة علمية اجتماعية للقانون الطبيعي للويجي تاباريلي سي جي، في أربعينيات القرن التاسع عشر، أسس تاباريلي مبدأ القانون الطبيعي الذي يتوافق مع المبدأ الإنجيلي للحب الأخوي – أي أن العدالة الاجتماعية تعكس الواجب المفروض على المرء تجاه الآخر في الوحدة المجردة المترابطة للشخص البشري في المجتمع. بعد ثورات عام 1848 انتشر هذا المصطلح بشكل عام من خلال كتابات أنطونيو روزميني سيرباتي.

في الثورة الصناعية المتأخرة، بدأ علماء القانون الأمريكيون التقدميون في استخدام المصطلح أكثر، وخاصة لويس برانديز وروسكو باوند. ومنذ أوائل القرن العشرين، دُمجت بالقانون الدولي والمؤسسات الدولية. وأشارت ديباجة إنشاء منظمة العمل الدولية إلى أنه «لا يمكن إرساء سلام عالمي ودائم إلا إذا كان قائمًا على العدالة الاجتماعية». في وقت لاحق من القرن العشرين، أصبحت العدالة الاجتماعية محورية في فلسفة العقد الاجتماعي، في المقام الأول من قبل جون رولز في نظرية العدالة (1971). وفي عام 1993، يتناول إعلان وبرنامج عمل فيينا العدالة الاجتماعية باعتبارها غرضًا من أغراض التثقيف في مجال حقوق الإنسان.

نظريات في العدالة الاجتماعية

جون رولس:

يعتمد الفيلسوف السياسي الليبرالي جون رولس (1921-2002)  على تبصرات الفيلسوفان النفعيان، جيرمي بينثام ، وجون ستيوارت ميل، وأفكار العقد الاجتماعي عند جون لوك، وأفكار كانت. لقد كان أول تعبير له عن نظريته في العدالة الاجتماعية في «نظرية في العدالة»  التي نشرت في 1971.

في كتابات جون رولس، تعتبر العدالة الاجتماعية فكرة فلسفية لا سياسية. كما تعد من الأركان الأربعة لحزب الخضر التي تعتقد بها جميع أحزاب الخضر في العالم. يستخدم البعض العدالة الاجتماعية لوصف التحرك الدولي باتجاه تطبيق العدالة الاجتماعية في العالم. وتشكل حقوق الإنسان والمساواة أهم دعائم العدالة الاجتماعية.

الحريات الأساسية عند رولس

حرية الفكر، حرية التعبير والصحافة، حرية التجمع، حرية العمل المشترك، حرية التنقل، حرية اختيار الوظيفة.

حركات العدالة الاجتماعية
هنالك عدد من الحركات التي تعمل على نشر وتطبيق العدالة الاجتماعية. تبذل هذه الحركات مجهود للوصول إلى عالم يمتلك فيه جميع أعضاء مجتمع ما، بغض النظر عن خلفياتهم، حقوق الإنسان الأساسية والمساواة. من أشهر تلك الحركات الدولية، «حركة العدل الدولية» .

حزب الخضر
إن العدالة الاجتماعية، التي تسمى أيضا عند الخضر «المساواة العالمية والاجتماعية والعدالة الاقتصادية» ، تعد أحد الأركان الأربعة لحزب الخضر Four Pillars of the Green Party. يعرف حزب الخضر الكندي العدالة الاجتماعية بأنها «التوزيع المتساوي للموارد لضمان بأن الجميع لديهم فرص متكافئة للتطور الاجتماعي والشخصي».

نقد العدالة الاجتماعية

ينتقد العديد من المؤلفين فكرة وجود معيار موضوعي للعدالة الاجتماعية.

ينكر النسبيون الأخلاقيون وجود أي نوع من المعايير الموضوعية للعدالة بشكل عام، ينفي غير المعرفين، والمشككين الأخلاقيين، وعدميوا الأخلاق، ومعظم الوضعيون المنطقيين، الإمكانية المعرفية للمفاهيم الموضوعية للعدالة. ويعتقد الواقعيون السياسيون أن أي مثال للعدالة الاجتماعية هو في نهاية المطاف مجرد مبرر للوضع الراهن.

كثير من الناس يقبل بعض المبادئ الأساسية للعدالة الاجتماعية، مثل فكرة أن جميع البشر لديهم مستوى أساسي من القيم، لكنهم يختلفون مع الاستنتاجات المعقدة التي قد تتبعها أو لا تتبعها. أحد الأمثلة على ذلك هو تصريح هـ. ج. ويلز بأن جميع الناس «متساوون في احترام زملائهم.» [4]

يرفض فريدريش حايك من كلية الاقتصاد النمساوية فكرة العدالة الاجتماعية باعتبارها عديمة المعنى، دينية ومتناقضة ذاتيا وأيديولوجية، معتبرة أن تحقيق أي درجة من العدالة الاجتماعية أمر غير ممكن، ولمحاولة القيام بذلك يجب أن تدمر كل الحريات:

"لا يمكن أن يكون هناك اختبار يمكننا من خلاله اكتشاف ما هو "غير عادل اجتماعيًا" لأنه لا يوجد موضوع يمكن بموجبه ارتكاب مثل هذا الظلم، ولا توجد قواعد للسلوك الفردي يمكن أن يراعي الالتزام بها في نظام الأفراد والجماعات، وإن الموقف الذي يظهر (بصفته متميزًا عن الإجراء الذي يتم تحديده به) يظهر لنا فقط.

العدالة الاجتماعية لا تنتمي إلى فئة الخطأ ولكن إلى فئة الهراء، مثل مصطلح "حجر أخلاقي"." [5]

جادل بن أونيل من جامعة نيو ساوث ويلز بأنه بالنسبة لأنصار «العدالة الاجتماعية»: [6]

مفهوم «الحقوق» هو مجرد مصطلح استحقاق، يدل على المطالبة بأي سلعة مرغوبة محتملة، بغض النظر عن مدى أهميتها أو تفاهتها، مجردة أو ملموسة، حديثة أو قديمة. إنها مجرد تأكيد للرغبة، وإعلان نية لاستخدام لغة الحقوق لاكتساب الرغبة المذكورة.

في الواقع، نظرًا لأن برنامج العدالة الاجتماعية يتضمن حتماً مطالبات بالتوفير الحكومي للبضائع، والمدفوعة من خلال جهود الآخرين، يشير المصطلح فعليًا إلى نية استخدام القوة لاكتساب رغبات الفرد. ليس لكسب السلع المرغوبة عن طريق التفكير العقلاني والعمل والإنتاج والتبادل الطوعي، ولكن للذهاب إلى هناك وأخذ البضائع بالقوة من أولئك الذين يستطيعون توريدها.

انظر أيضا
 عدالة مكانية
 الإيثارية
 عدالية
 مساواة اجتماعية
 حماية اجتماعية
 صوت الشباب
 سندكالية
 تقييم الاحتياجات
 بريان باري

مراجع

 معجم «المنجد في اللغة العربية المعاصرة»، الطبعة الثانية، 2001.
 العدالة الاجتماعية، فؤاد العادل، دار الكاتب العربي للطباعة والنشر، 1969.
 العدالة الاجتماعية، إميل غيري، ترجمة، تحقيق: سهيل الياس، المطبعة الكاثوليكية.
 العدالة الاجتماعية عند العرب، إبراهيم حداد، دار الثقافة للطباعة والنشر والتوزيع.

عدالة اجتماعية
تفاوت اجتماعي
تقدمية
خدمات اجتماعية
عدالة
ليبرالية
ليبرالية اجتماعية
يسارية

عدالة اجتماعية


I labyrinten er en dansk kortfilm fra 2006 med instruktion og manuskript af Mette Perregaard.

Handling
En rejse gennem drømmenes hvælvede passager..., ind i lysets korridorer..., gennem glemte døre..., mellem skumringens sorte hække..., ned ad nattens vindeltrapper..., til uendelige ørkner...

Et musikalsk billeddigt fra Damaskus, Beirut og Rom.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2006

I labyrinten


Ferdinando Reyna (Turin,  - ) est un écrivain, journaliste et critique d'art italien qui a principalement écrit sur la danse.

Publications
 Des origines du ballet, Paris, A. Tallone, 1955.
 Histoire du ballet, Paris, Somogy, 1964.
 Dictionnaire des ballets, Paris, Larousse, 1967.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Écrivain italien du XXe siècle
Journaliste italien
Critique d'art italien
Historien de la danse
Naissance en juin 1899
Naissance à Turin
Décès en 1969
Lieu de décès inconnu

Ferdinando Reyna


Coimbrska skupina (poznata i kao Coimbra Group), udruženje je 41 europskog sveučilišta iz 23 europske države osnovano 1985. potpisivanjem ugovora o suradnji među prvih devetnaest članica, na portugalskom Sveučilištu u Coimbri. Udruženje promiče međunarodnu i međuučilišnu suradnju, akademsku izvrsnost u poučavanju i istraživanju te se zalaže za snažnije akademsko povezivanje europskih gradova i sveučilišta. Sa srodnim sveučilišnim i akademskim udruženjima dio je Mreže europskih sveučilišta.

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene stranice Udruženja

Europska sveučilišta

Coimbrska skupina


An Dendrobium procumbens in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Cedric Errol Carr. An Dendrobium procumbens in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dendrobium, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dendrobium

Dendrobium procumbens


An Chionochloa flavescens in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Victor Dmitrievich Zotov. An Chionochloa flavescens in nahilalakip ha genus nga Chionochloa, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 C. f. brevis
 C. f. hirta
 C. f. lupeola

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Chionochloa

Chionochloa flavescens


A twip (abbreviating "twentieth of a point", "twentieth of an inch point", or "twentieth of an Imperial point" ) is a typographical measurement, defined as  of a typographical point. One twip is  inch, or 17.64 μm.

In computing
Twips are screen-independent units to ensure that the proportion of screen elements are the same on all display systems. A twip is defined as being  of an inch (approximately 17.64 μm).

A pixel is a screen-dependent unit, standing for 'picture element'. A pixel is a dot that represents the smallest graphical measurement on a screen.
Twips are the default unit of measurement in Visual Basic (version 6 and earlier, prior to VB.NET). Converting between twips and screen pixels is achieved using the TwipsPerPixelX and TwipsPerPixelY properties or the ScaleX and ScaleY methods.

Twips can be used with Symbian OS bitmap images for automatic scaling from bitmap pixels to device pixels. They are also used in Rich Text Format from Microsoft for platform-independent exchange and they are the base length unit in OpenOffice.org and its fork LibreOffice.

Flash internally specifies most sizes in units it calls twips, but which are really  of a logical pixel, which is  of an actual twip.

See also
Himetric

References

 MSDN Library — com.ms.wfc.ui.CoordinateSystem.TWIP
 Free On-Line Dictionary of Computing — twip
 Foundation, ActionScript 3.0 Animation, Making Things Move! by Keith Peters  (pbk)
 Converting between twips and pixels - Ruby code

Typography
Units of length

Twip


L'église sainte-Anastasia de Hloukhiv est une des plus grandes églises de la ville, elle est consacrée aux trois Anastasia :
 Anastasia Mikhaïlovna de Russie (1860-1922), grande-duchesse de Russie et grande-duchesse de Mecklembourg-Schwerin,
 Anastasia Nikolaïevna de Russie (1901-1918), fille de Nicolas II de Russie,
 Anastasia Romanovna Zakharine (1520-1560), tsarine de Russie, première femme d'Ivan IV le Terrible.

Histoire

Par son architecture, elle se rapproche de la Cathédrale Saint-Vladimir de Kiev. Elle continue l'église en bois dédicacé à Anastasia qui existait, brûla, et qui fut remplacée en 1717 par une église en pierre dont les fonds provenaient de l'hetman Anastasia Skoropadskaya. Endommagée par un incendie en 1784, elle fut entièrement reconstruite en 1816. Puis, en 1884, le gouvernement provincial approuvait une reconstruction, en partie financée par Nicola et Fedor Tereschenko sur les plans de Andrey Gun. .

En 2007 elle fut nommée sixième des sept merveilles de Soumy.

Intérieur
Son iconostase est de marbre blanc, sa décoration est de Pavel et Pavel Svedomski.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Église orthodoxe d'Ukraine (Patriarcat de Moscou).
 Architecture néo-byzantine en Russie impériale.

Liens externes

Christianisme orthodoxe en Ukraine
Architecture néo-byzantine en Ukraine
Hlokhiv
Hlokhiv
Eglise
Hlokhiv

Église Sainte-Anastasia de Hloukhiv


La molinara (título original en italiano;en español, La molinera) es una commedia per musica en tres actos con música de Giovanni Paisiello y libreto de Giuseppe Palomba. Tuvo su primera representación como L'amor contrastato en el Teatro dei Fiorentini de Nápoles en el otoño del año 1788. El éxito de la ópera fue pronto muy grande y, como ocurre hoy en día, tanto en Italia como en los demás países, se representa sobre todo con el título alternativo de La molinara.

Enlaces externos

Artículo sobre La molinara en Del Teatro

Óperas de Giovanni Paisiello
Óperas en italiano
Óperas de 1788
Óperas estrenadas en Nápoles

La molinara


La birou (în ) este un serial american de televiziune din genul sitcom creat de Greg Daniels. Acesta a avut premiera la 24 martie 2005 și ultimul episod a fost difuzat la 16 mai 2013, ajungând la un total de nouă sezoane (204 de episoade). Serialul urmărește viața angajaților de la firma fictivă de produse de papetărie Dunder Mifflin din Scranton, Pennsylvania. Este filmat în stilul unui  documentar la fel ca serialul britanic original creat de Ricky Gervais și Stephen Merchant.

Producție
Versiunea americană a serialului The Office este bazată după sitcomul britanic cu același nume, creat de Ricky Gervais și Stephen Merchant. Episodul pilot al versiunii americane este de fapt un remake aproape identic al primului episod din serialul britanic The Office, care include doar câteva modificări minore. Primul actor ales pentru versiunea americană a fost B.J. Novak, după ce Greg Daniels a participat la unul dintre spectacolele lui de stand-up. B.J. Novak are și rol de producător executiv și scenarist, alături de alți actori din cast-ul serialului, precum Paul Lieberstein (Toby Flenderson) și Mindy Kailing (Kelly Kapoor).

Distribuție

 Steve Carell ca Michael Scott
 Rainn Wilson ca Dwight Schrute
 John Krasinski ca Jim Halpert
 Jenna Fischer ca Pam Beesly
 B. J. Novak ca Ryan Howard
 Leslie David Baker ca Stanley Hudson
 Brian Baumgartner - Kevin Malone
 Kate Flannery  ca Meredith Palmer
 Angela Kinsey  ca Angela Martin
 Oscar Nunez ca Oscar Martinez
 Phyllis Smith  ca Phyllis Vance
 David Denman ca Roy Anderson
 Melora Hardin ca Jan Levinson
 Paul Lieberstein ca  Toby Flenderson
 Mindy Kaling - Kelly Kapoor
  Ed Helms ca Andy Bernard
 Creed Bratton - Creed Bratton
 Craig Robinson ca Darryl Philbin
 Ellie Kemper ca Erin Hannon
 Zach Woods ca Gabe Lewis
 Amy Ryan  ca Holly Flax
 James Spader ca Robert California
 Catherine Tate  ca Nellie Bertram
 Clark Duke - Clark Green
 Jake Lacy ca Pete Miller

Prezentare generală

Episoade

Note

Legături externe

 The Office at NBC.com (2016 archive)

Seriale de televiziune americane
Seriale de comedie
Seriale de televiziune din 2005

La birou


Brøndby Masterclass er fodboldklubben Brøndby IF's ungdomsafdeling, der består af spillere fra U/13 til U/19.

Baggrund
Brøndby Masterclass er en Brøndby IF' talentafdeling, hvorfor uddannelse er en del af hverdagen. Det betyder at der samarbejdes med Brøndby Gymnasium om STX og HF, Brøndby Idrætsefterskole om 9. og 10. klasse, Brøndbyvester Skole om 7. og 8. klassetrin, UCN - Uddannelsescentret Nygård om 10. klasse, CPH West om handelsskole, og NEXT Uddannelse København og både 10. klasse, STX, HF og faglige uddannelser.

Trænere

U/19-trup

U/17-trup

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Brøndby Masterclass' officielle hjemmeside

Masterclass
Brøndbyvester
Brøndby IF

Brøndby Masterclass


Max Ferdinand Scheler (22 Ağustos 1874, Münih - 19 Mayıs 1928, Frankfurt), Alman filozoftur. Görüngübilim, etik ve felsefi antropoloji konularında yaptığı çalışmalarla tanınır.

Fenomenlerle ilk ilgilenen kişi olan Edmund Husserl'in görüşlerini geliştirmiştir. Daha sonra Papa II. Ioannes Paulus olacak olan  Karol Wojtyla, 1954 yılında verdiği doktora tezinde, Max Scheler'in kuramını Hristiyan etiğine uyarlamıştır.

Kitapları
 Etikte Biçimcilik ve Maddi Değer Etiği, 1921
 Bilgi Biçimleri ve Toplum, 1926 (Die Wissensformen und die Gesellschaft)
 İnsanın Kosmostaki Yeri, 1928 (Die Stellung des Menschen im Kosmos, tr. Ayraç y. 1998)
 Hınç (Ressentiment, tr. Kanat y. 2004)

Dış bağlantılar
/ Scheler ve Hiç

Scheler, Max
Scheler, Max
Scheler, Max
Fenomenoloji
Ahlâkçılar
1874 doğumlular
1928 yılında ölenler
Roma Katolik filozoflar

Max Ferdinand Scheler


An Zootrophion beloglottis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Schltr., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Carlyle August Luer. An Zootrophion beloglottis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Zootrophion, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Zootrophion

Zootrophion beloglottis


Rosel Marie "Rosie" Boycott, Baroness Boycott (born 13 May 1951) is a British journalist and feminist.

Early life
The daughter of Major Charles Boycott and Betty Le Sueur Boycott, Rosel Marie "Rosie" Boycott was born in Saint Helier, Jersey. She was privately educated at the independent Cheltenham Ladies' College and read mathematics at the University of Kent.

Journalism career
Boycott worked for a year or so with Frendz radical magazine and in 1972, she co-founded the feminist magazine Spare Rib with Marsha Rowe. Later, both women became directors of Virago Press, a publisher committed to women's writing, with Carmen Callil, who had founded the company in 1973.

From 1992 to 1996, Boycott was editor of the UK edition of the men's magazine Esquire. From 1996 to 1998, she headed The Independent and its sister publication the Independent on Sunday.

Later, she edited the Daily Express (May 1998–January 2001), leaving soon after the newspaper was bought by Richard Desmond, who replaced her with Chris Williams.

Boycott is currently the travel editor for The Oldie magazine and hosts The Oldie Travel Awards each year.

Outside journalism

Boycott has presented the BBC Radio 4 programme A Good Read. She has sat on judging panels for literary awards, including chairing the panel responsible for choosing the 2001 Orange Prize for Fiction. She is also a media advisor for the Council of Europe. Boycott is a trustee of the Hay Festival in Wales and in Cartagena, Colombia. In March 2002, she denounced the New Labour government as "more reminiscent of a dictatorship than a free healthy democratic system", and announced her support for the Liberal Democrats. She was rumoured to have considered becoming a Parliamentary candidate.

Boycott made several appearances on Newsnight Review and other cultural and current affairs programmes, where the fact that she is a recovering alcoholic was discussed. She started drinking heavily again after losing her job at the Express. She was banned from driving for three years in September 2003 after crashing on the A303 in Wiltshire, injuring another driver. She was cut free from the wreckage. A court was told she had also been caught drunk driving the day before. Since her accident, Boycott has been running a farm in Somerset. She campaigned for Diana, Princess of Wales in the 2002 BBC programme to find the greatest Briton.

On 5 August 2008, Boycott was appointed as the chair of "London Food" as part of Conservative Mayor Boris Johnson's attempt to help improve Londoners' access to healthy, locally produced and affordable food. In September 2007, she appeared in the third series of Hell's Kitchen, and was the first contestant to be voted off. In June 2009, she appeared on Celebrity MasterChef. The same month she was one of five volunteers who took part in a BBC series of three programmes entitled Famous, Rich and Homeless, about living penniless on the streets of London.

In June 2018, Boycott was nominated for a life peerage by the House of Lords Appointments Commission. She was created Baroness Boycott, of Whitefield in the County of Somerset, on 9 July.

Boycott is a supporter of the Women's Equality Party.

Personal life
Boycott is married to Charles Howard KC. Her first marriage was to journalist David Leitch (1937–2004).

Publications
Batty Bloomers and Boycott: A Little Etymology of Eponymous Words, New York: Peter Bedrick Books, 1983,
The Fastest Diet, London: Sphere Books, 1984.
A Nice Girl Like Me: A Story of the Seventies, Pavanne Books, 1988,
All for Love, London: Fontana, 1989,
Our Farm: A Year in the Life of a Smallholding, London: Bloomsbury, 2007,

References

External links
"Sisterhood Revisited", Open Democracy public meeting at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, 7 March 2002
Rosie Boycott on Friends Magazine (Philm Freax)
Simon Hattenstone, "Rosie Outlook", The Guardian (Media Guardian), 30 July 2002.
Rosie's Hell's Kitchen profile
The Oldie magazine
Knight Ayton Management page

1951 births
Living people
People's peers
People educated at Cheltenham Ladies' College
Alumni of the University of Kent
British feminists
British newspaper editors
People from Saint Helier
The Independent editors
Daily Express people
Women newspaper editors
Women's Equality Party people
The Independent on Sunday editors
Life peeresses created by Elizabeth II
British women journalists

Rosie Boycott, Baroness Boycott


Rail transport operations are the day-to-day operations of a railway. A railway has two major components: the infrastructure (the permanent way, tracks, stations, freight facilities, viaducts, tunnels, etc.) and the rolling stock (the passenger coaches, locomotives, freight cars, etc.)

Ownership and operation of these two components varies by location. In some places (notably, most of North America) private railway companies own and operate both the infrastructure and rolling stock (for example, Union Pacific). In the United Kingdom, the infrastructure is owned and maintained by Network Rail while rolling stock is largely owned and operated by private railway companies. In countries with nationalized rail systems such as China and France, both the infrastructure and rolling stock are owned and operated directly or indirectly by the national government.

Operation
The operation of the railway is through a system of control, originally by mechanical means, but nowadays more usually electronic and computerized.

Intrinsic factors

Signalling

Signalling systems used to control the movement of traffic may be either of fixed block or moving block variety.

Fixed block signalling

Most blocks are 'fixed' blocks, i.e. they delineate a section of track between two defined points. On timetable, train order, and token-based systems, blocks usually start and end at selected stations. On signalling-based systems, blocks usually start and end at signals. Alternatively, cab signalling may be in use.

The lengths of blocks are designed to allow trains to operate as frequently as necessary. A lightly used branch line might have blocks many kilometres long, whilst a busy commuter railway might have blocks a few hundred metres long.

Moving block signalling

A disadvantage of fixed blocks, is that: the faster trains are permitted to run, the longer the stopping distance, and therefore the longer the blocks need to be. This decreases a line's capacity.

With moving block, computers are used to calculate a 'safe zone', behind each moving train, which no other train may enter. The system depends on precise knowledge of where each train is and how fast it is moving. With moving block, lineside signals are not provided, and instructions are passed directly to the trains. It has the advantage of increasing track capacity by allowing trains to run much closer together. The system is only used on very few independent networks such as underground lines.

Types of rail system
Most rail systems serve a number of functions on the same track, carrying local, long-distance and commuter passenger trains, and freight trains. The emphasis on each varies by country. Some urban rail transit, rapid transit and light rail systems are isolated from the national system in the cities they serve. Some freight lines serving mines are also isolated, and these are usually owned by the mine company. An industrial railway is a specialized rail system used inside factories or mines. Steep grade railways are usually isolated, with special safety systems.

Permanent way and railroad construction

The permanent way trails through the physical geography. The tracks' geometry is limited by the physical geography.

Types of vehicle

Trains are pushed/pulled by one or more locomotive units. Two or more locomotives coupled in multiple traction are frequently used in freight trains. Railroad cars or rolling stock consist of passenger cars, freight cars, maintenance cars and in America cabooses. Modern passenger trains sometimes are pushed/pulled by a tail and head unit (see top and tail), of which not both need to be motorised or running. Many passenger trains consist of multiple units with motors mounted beneath the passenger cars.

Passenger operations

Most public transport passenger operations happen in the train station and in the passenger car. The passenger buys a ticket, either in the station, or on the train (sometimes at a higher fare).

There are generally speaking two ways of validating a ticket:

 the passengers validate the tickets themselves (by perforating it, for instance) which is randomly checked by a ticket controller. This method is sometimes referred to as Proof-of-payment and is used extensively on one-man operated rail and bus lines, and may be controlled through the use of ticket barriers at entrances, especially in larger stations, or
 a conductor checks all persons on the train for valid tickets and devaluate them, so they cannot be used again.

Some passenger cars, especially in long-distance high-speed trains, have a restaurant or bar. These need to be catered. In recent times, train catering has been diminished somewhat by vending machines in the train station or on the train.

When not in use, passenger cars are stored, maintained and repaired in coach yards.

Freight operations

Freight or cargo trains are loaded and unloaded in intermodal terminals (also called container freight stations or freight terminals), and at customer locations (e.g. mines, grain elevators, factories). Intermodal freight transport uses standardized containers, which are handled by cranes. Along their routes, freight trains are routed through rail yards to sort cars and assemble trains for their final destinations, as well as for equipment maintenance, refueling, and crew changes. Within a freight yard, trains are composed in a classification yard. Switcher or shunter locomotives help the composing.

A unit train (also called a block train), which carries a block of cars all of the same origin and destination, does not get sorted in a classification yard, but may stop in a freight yard for inspection, engine servicing and/or crew changes.

Combining freight and passenger operations on a single track with passing loops poses operational problems, because of the different demands of freight operators and public transport. In many smaller countries passenger operations are done during the day, while freight trains operate mostly during the night. Dedicated tracks have been assigned to some operations.

Locomotive operations
Inactive locomotives may be housed in a locomotive depot (UK term) or engine house, also known as an engine shed or roundhouse (US). In engine facilities, or a traction maintenance depot, locomotives are cleaned, inspected for wear, repaired, updated, or otherwise improved. Decommissioned locomotives with steam generation capacities were sometimes positioned in semi-permanent locations and their boiler capacity was used to provide steam to heat facilities, power machinery, warm passenger cars, or snow and ice clearing activities such as defrosting railroad switches in cold weather conditions.

Railroad equipment that is considered obsolete by being outdated or inefficient when compared to newer equipment, or by being worn to a point that is un-repairable, may be taken out of railroad service. These pieces of equipment may have usable parts removed by the railroad company for reuse on other machines, or may be sold as complete units for reconditioning and reuse by another user. If the equipment is considered completely un-serviceable, and it is financially unwise to attempt to make it so, the entire machine may be declared scrap and is usually sold to be taken away and dismantled for recycling of the raw materials. If the process of salvage or scrapping is financially unrecoverable, the equipment may be left in place until it becomes possible to do so. In some cases a significant or desirable piece of equipment  will be purchased for preservation. There units may be placed in railway museums or may be purchased by railway preservation groups or private collectors.

Steam locomotives were frequently housed in a circular train depot, known as a roundhouse that surrounded a turntable.

Maintenance of way operations

The presence of a work train on a given section of track will temporarily decrease the capacity of the route. The normal method in such operations is to cease other traffic altogether during the track 'occupation'. Services may be diverted by an alternative route, if available; alternatively, passenger services may be maintained using a replacement bus service. It is therefore more economically viable to plan such track occupations for periods of reduced usage (e.g. 'off-peak', overnight or holiday times) to minimise the impact on normal services and revenue.

Background factors (feasibility)

Each transport system represents a contribution to a country's infrastructure, and as such must make economic sense or eventually close. From this, each has a particular role or roles. These may change with time but they affect the specifications of each particular system.

Extrinsic factors
Rail transport systems are built into the landscape, including both the physical geography (hills, valleys, etc.) and the human geography (location of settlements). The rail transport system may in turn feedback into the human geography.

Physical geography
The permanent way of a system must pass through the geography and geology of its region. This may be flat or mountainous, may include obstacles such as water and mountains. These determine, in part, the intrinsic nature of the system. The slope at which trains run must also be calculated correctly. In this stage, it is decided where tunnels pass.

Human geography
Rail transport systems affect the human geography. Large cities (such as Nairobi) may be founded by a railroad passing through. Historically, when a station has been built outside the town or city it is intended to serve, that town has expanded to include the station, or buildings (especially Inns) sprung up near the station. The existence of a station may increase the number of commuters who live in a town or village and so cause it to become a dormitory town. The transcontinental railroad was a large factor in American colonization of the Western frontier. China's railroad expansion into Tibet may have similar consequences.

Historical factors
Rail transport systems are often used for purposes they were not designed for, but have evolved into due to changes in human geography. Politics can play a large part in decisions about railways, such as the Beeching Axe. In the UK, building or rebuilding a railway usually requires an Act of Parliament. In many countries, rail subsidies allow unprofitable, but socially desirable, railways to continue to operate.

References

Rail transport operations


A Volta a Castellón é uma competição de ciclismo de categoria sub23 por etapas que se celebra na província espanhola de Castellón, a primeiros do mês de junho. Começou-se a disputar em 1983.

Esta prova faz parte atualmente do calendário nacional da Federação Real Espanhola de Ciclismo, na categoria 2.13.1. Ela é assim reservada a corredores esperanças (menos de 23 anos).

Palmarés

Palmarés por países

Referências

Ligações externas

 Volta a Castelló (sitiodeciclismo.net)

Castellón
Castellón
Desporto na Espanha em 1983

Volta a Castellón


An Carex spongiosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jisaburo Ohwi. An Carex spongiosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Carex

Carex spongiosa