Boohbah is a British preschool television series created by Anne Wood and produced by Wood's company, Ragdoll Productions, in association with GMTV. It originally premiered on ITV on 14 April 2003. The series was later broadcast on Nick Jr.UK beginning on 2 April 2005.

The series, with 104 episodes, was designed for preschoolers aged three to six (a slightly older age group than Wood's previous show, Teletubbies).

According to Anne Wood, the show's visuals were inspired by scientific photographs of microscopic life and cell structures. The main characters, the Boohbahs, are "atoms of energy" who sleep in charging pods. Every episode follows the Boohbahs performing a dance routine where the audience is encouraged to participate. The creators at Ragdoll Productions designed the show as an interactive "televisual game" with an emphasis on spatial awareness, motor skill development and puzzle solving.

Characters
Episodes of Boohbah are divided into two main segments: one featuring the Boohbahs and another featuring the Storypeople.

Boohbahs
The series focuses on the Boohbahs, five colourful creatures who are described as "magical atoms" of energy. They are played by actors in full-body costumes. Their fur sparkles and shimmers with tiny lights, and they have big eyes and rows of lights for eyebrows. Each Boohbah is a different colour:
 Humbah, played by Emma Insley, is a yellow Boohbah.
 Zumbah, played by Alex Poulter, is a purple Boohbah.
 Zing Zing Zingbah, played by Cal Jaggers, is an orange Boohbah.
 Jumbah, played by Phil Hayes, is a blue Boohbah.
 Jingbah, played by Laura Pero, is a pink Boohbah.

Storypeople
The Storypeople are silent human characters whose actions are controlled by off-screen children using the magic word "Boohbah". Every episode of Boohbah includes a segment where the Storypeople are magically given a present. The Los Angeles Times called these segments "comic visual puzzles executed with vaudevillian flair."
 Grandmamma (Linda Kerr-Scott) – An elderly yet spry Caucasian woman. She has white banana hair and wears a dark pink housedress, pastel blue sweater, white socks, and red trainers.
 Grandpappa (Robin Stevens) – An elderly yet spry Caucasian man. He has white hair and a white moustache; he wears a long-sleeved yellow shirt, dark grey slacks, red braces, and white trainers.
 Mrs. Lady (Harvey Virdi) – An Indian woman. She has dark hair and wears a loose light blue blouse, loose bright pink trousers, and pink trainers.
 Mr. Man (Mark Ramsey) – A Black man. He wears a short-sleeved bright pink shirt, white trousers, and black trainers.
 Brother (Manuel Bravo) and Sister (Vee Vimolmal) – Always paired, they both appear to be in their late teens. Brother is a Spanish boy with short black hair; he wears a bright blue T-shirt, bright red knee-length shorts, and white trainers with pink laces. Sister is a Thai girl with hip-length black hair in a long ponytail; she wears a bright red T-shirt, bright blue capri pants, and white trainers with pink laces.
 Auntie (Sachi Kimura) – A Japanese woman. She has short black hair and wears a long-sleeved lavender blouse, black trousers, purple tights, and black shoes.
 Little Dog Fido (Dash) – A Jack Russell Terrier. He wears a red collar. He is the only character in Storyworld who is not wholly controlled by the magic word "Boohbah".

Development and broadcast
Production of Boohbah began shortly after Ragdoll released a direct-to-video Teletubbies release titled Teletubbies Go! in 2001, which featured segments of the characters exercising. The high sales of the release led to Ragdoll's fear of obesity in children and what led the company to develop an exercise-based programme.

In November 2002, ITV's pre-school strand CITV and breakfast franchisee GMTV signed a five-year broadcast commitment deal with Ragdoll where both broadcasters would share weekday and weekend broadcasts of the series in the United Kingdom respectively. 104 episodes were planned to be split into two series, with the first airing in Spring 2003, and the second series being broadcast in 2004. On the same day, it was announced that Video Collection International, who had a long-time home video agreement with Ragdoll, would release the series on VHS and DVD in the country.

The series premiered as planned on ITV on 14 April 2003 and later debuted on GMTV's weekend pre-school slot at the same time. Ragdoll held worldwide distribution rights to the series.

In June 2003, Ragdoll announced their plans to launch Boohbah in the United States. They confirmed that PBS, Scholastic and Hasbro, the same companies who held the licenses to Teletubbies in the United States, had acquired TV, publishing and toy rights respectively. In the United Kingdom, the first DVD release: Boohbah Magic, was released on May 26, and shot into the Children's Charts at No. 2. In October 2003, Ragdoll announced that Canal+ and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation had acquired French and Australian broadcast rights to the series, where the series would launch in January 2004 and Spring 2004 window in both regions. Ragdoll also announced that the show would premiere in the United States on PBS on January 19, 2004. In the same month, Hasbro signed a separate worldwide toy deal for the show except for the UK, Ireland, Americas and Asia.

In March 2004, Ragdoll announced that the second series would premiere in the UK on CITV on the 16th. In the same month, another VHS/DVD release - "Squeaky Socks", was announced to be released on May 10. At MIPTV 2004 within the same month, Ragdoll announced more broadcast deals for the show. Treehouse TV acquired the series in English-speaking Canada and would begin airing on April 26, complementing an earlier French-speaking deal with Société Radio-Canada. It was also announced that BabyTV in Israel and POGO in India were already broadcasting the series as well. Canal 13 in Chile and TV12 in Singapore also acquired the broadcast rights in their respective countries for broadcast later on in 2004. Another deal already announced was one with Viacom International, where Nickelodeon in the Netherlands and MTV in Belgium acquired the Dutch-speaking rights, where the show would air on the Nick Jr. blocks for both channels beginning on 5 April 2004. In October, Ragdoll pre-sold the series to Guangzhou Beauty in China for a launch within Chinese New Year 2005.

In March 2005, Nick Jr.UK acquired the UK pay-TV rights to the series, and the series would premiere on the channel on 2 April 2005. The programme became a regular fixture of the Nick Jr. UK schedule, airing seven days a week at 7:00 a.m. to start off Nick Jr.'s morning schedule. In July 2005, Ragdoll announced that the show would premiere on CCTV's Youth Channel in China on the 11th. SABC 2 was also announced to have acquired the South African broadcast rights, and would premiere the show in the country on the same day.

In the United States, the series was aired on PBS Kids from 19 January 2004 until 31 August 2008. It also aired on PBS Kids Sprout from 2005 to 2009, where it was shown as part of the programming blocks "Sprout Mornings" and "The Good Night Show."

Episodes
Two series, each containing 52 episodes, were produced for a total of 104 episodes. Many episodes were written by Robin Stevens, who played Grandpappa on the show.

Season 1

Season 2

Reception
Ken Tucker, in his review for Entertainment Weekly, gave the show an "A−" score and commented, "I'm positive that Boohbah can be experienced by both its intended audience (kids ages 3 to 6) and its inevitable inadvertent audience (doting parents and stoners of every age) as a mind-blowing gas." Tucker joked that when Boohbah aired in America, it would prove more popular than The Price Is Right due to having more "flashing lights, blinding colors, and silly noise". Lorraine Ali, a senior writer for Newsweek, also gave Boohbah a positive review and wrote, "Move over, Barney, and make room for Zing Zing Zingbah." Common Sense Media gave Boohbah a rating of 3/5 stars, writing that its educational and fitness goals were "admirable", but that "the real test is whether or not the show works with your kid."

The New York Times Magazine commented that although the show's sequence of events "may sound incoherent ... the overall effect is mesmerizing, sometimes funny, even beautiful." The Boston Globe felt that the "segments featuring the Boohbahs are ploddingly slow, maddeningly repetitive, and without much purpose ... the live-action segments with real people are the only things worth watching." Slate was bemused by the show's segments and design, feeling that Boohbah was less effective than Anne Wood's previous show Teletubbies: "For all its earnest intentions, Boohbah lacks both the conceptual purity of Teletubbies and its sublimely silly sensibility." Cheat Sheet ranked the show first on their list of "5 Most Horrifying TV Shows That Aren't Supposed to Be Scary", criticising the characters' appearances, although crediting it for encouraging children to perform in physical exercise.

References

External links

Boohbah at NickJr.co.uk (archive)

ITV children's television shows
British children's fantasy television series
Television series by DHX Media
Television series by Ragdoll Productions
2000s British children's television series
2000s preschool education television series
2003 British television series debuts
2006 British television series endings
English-language television shows
British preschool education television series

Boohbah


O Arsenal Stadium foi um estádio de futebol em Highbury, Londres, que foi a casa do Arsenal Football Club entre 6 de setembro de 1913 e 7 de maio de 2006. Seu apelido popular era " Highbury " devido à sua localização e recebeu o carinhoso apelido de "Casa do Futebol" ou "Home of Football" em inglês.

Foi originalmente construído em 1913 em um local de recreação de uma faculdade local e foi reformado de forma significativa duas vezes. A primeira reforma do estádio ocorreu durante a década de 1930, da qual datam as arquibancadas com estilo Art Deco, o East Stand e o West Stand. Houve uma segunda renovação; a primeira fase foi concluída em 1989 que acrescentou camarotes executivos ao Clock End e, posteriormente, em 1993, um novo North Bank Stand foi construído, ambos seguindo as recomendações do Relatório Taylor que substituiu os terraços para tornar o estádio com estilo all-seater (um estádio com todos os lugares com cadeiras) com quatro setores. No entanto, houve novas tentativas de expansão do estádio que foram impedidas pela comunidade local, e houve uma redução resultante na capacidade e na receita da folha do clube acabou levando o Arsenal a optar por construir um novo estádio, que se tornaria conhecido como Emirates Stadium nas proximidades de Islington. Depois que o clube se mudou para o seu novo estádio após a conclusão da temporada 2005-2006, o Highbury foi reformado para ser convertido em um empreendimento residencial com diversos apartamentos com um jardim no lugar que foi o campo, esse projeto foi conhecido como Highbury Square, com as arquibancadas Clock End e North Bank sendo demolidas; partes das arquibancadas leste e oeste permaneceram e foram incorporadas ao novo desenvolvimento devido ao seu status listado .

O estádio também sediou jogos internacionais de seleções - tanto jogos da Seleção da Inglaterra quanto nas partidas de futebol Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1948 - e semifinais da FA Cup, além de partidas de boxe, beisebol e críquete. Sua presença também fez com que a estação local do metrô de Londres fosse rebatizada como Arsenal no ano de 1932, tornando-se a única estação da rede do metrô de Londres a receber o nome de um clube de futebol.

Além de sua arquitetura, o estádio tinha uma reputação pelo seu campo pequeno, mas imaculado  e também pelo relógio que estava localizado no lado sul do estádio desde sua instalação em 1930.

História

O estádio foi construído em 1913, quando o Woolwich Arsenal se mudou do Manor Ground em Plumstead, no sudeste de Londres, para Highbury, no norte da cidade, alugando os campos de recreação de um colégio da região chamado de St John's College of Divinity por £ 20.000. A negociação do aluguel também envolveu algumas regras estabelecidas pelos donos do campo em que nenhuma partida seria disputada em "feriados santos" e que nenhuma "bebida alcoólica" seria consumida e vendida no estádio; no entanto, essas  foram revogadas em um ano. O estádio foi construído de maneira às pressas durante o verão daquele ano e foi projetado pelo famoso arquiteto Archibald Leitch, que projetou muitos outros campos de futebol na Inglaterra da época. Havia apenas uma única arquibancada localizada no lado leste e os outros três lados tinham terraços inclinados. O novo estádio foi construído com custo de  £125.000. Foi inaugurado com a construção ainda não totalmente concluída, com a sua primeira partida do Arsenal na temporada 1913–14, em uma vitória por 2–1 na Segunda Divisão contra o Leicester Fosse em 6 de setembro de 1913. O primeiro da história do Highbury foi marcado por Tommy Benfield, jogador do Leiceiter, enquanto o primeiro gol do time mandante no estádio foi marcado por George Jobey. Highbury sediou sua 1ª partida da Inglaterra em 1920.

A Seleção Australiana da Liga de Rugby teve a sua primeira derrota em sua turnê Kangaroo de 1921–22 na Grã-Bretanha no Highbury para um Seleção Inglesa da Liga de Rugby por 4 pontos a 5 diante de aproximadamente 12.000 espectadores.

O Arsenal adquiriu o terreno do estádio em 1925, pagando uma quantia de £ 64.000.

Nenhuma parte significativa do estádio original de Leitch permaneceu até o fechamento do estádio, após uma série de grandes reformas durante a década de 1930. A ideia era criar um estádio para Londres que pudesse ter a importância como a do Villa Park, casa do clube Aston Villa, de Birmingham . O projeto Highbury era ambicioso em sua escala e alcance, sendo o seu primeiro estande concluído o West Stand, projetado pelo Claude Waterlow Ferrier e William Binnie no estilo Art déco, inaugurado em 1932. Em 5 de novembro do mesmo ano, a estação de metrô local foi renomeada de Gillespie Road para Arsenal. A arquibancada principal de Leitch foi demolida para ser subtituída por uma nova arquibancada leste, de acordo com a arquibancada oeste, em 1936. O West Stand custou um valor de £ 45.000, enquanto o East Stand estourou o orçamento da construção e acabou custando £ 130.000, chegando a esse custo principalmente por causa do gasto da nova fachada do estádio. No North Bank foi instalado um telhado e no terraço do sul tinha um relógio instalado em sua frente, por isso o nome Clock End.

Durante os Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 1948, o estádio sediou as eliminatórias do futebol . Nos 50 anos seguintes, o estádio mudou pouco, embora durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial o terraço do North Bank tenha sido bombardeado e teve que ser reconstruído; o telhado não foi restaurado até 1956. Os holofotes foram instalados em 1951, com a primeira partida iluminada sendo um amistoso contra o Hapoel Tel Aviv em 19 de setembro daquele ano. Os holofotes que adornam o Dalymount Park, ficavam no estádio do Arsenal. Eles foram enviados para Dublin em 1962. A partida inaugural iluminada por holofotes viu o Arsenal vencer o Bohemians por 3–8. O aquecimento do subsolo foi adicionado em 1964. Ao contrário de muitos outros campos, o Arsenal se recusou a instalar cercas de perímetro, mesmo no auge do hooliganismo na década de 1980, o que o tornou inelegível para uso como local das semifinais da Copa da Inglaterra.

Antes do relatório Taylor e da era dos estádios para todos os lugares na Grã-Bretanha, tanto o North Bank quanto o Clock End consistiam em terraços, e o estádio costumava receber multidões de até 60.000 ou mais; seu maior comparecimento foi de 73.295 em 9 de março de 1935, quando o Arsenal jogou contra o Sunderland na Primeira Divisão; o jogo terminou em 0–0. Quando o terreno foi inicialmente construído, era para "acomodar 90.000 espectadores".

O Clock End foi reconstruído em 1988–89 com a adição de um telhado e 48 camarotes executivos, enquanto os assentos foram instalados na área restante em pé em 1993.

Em janeiro de 1990, foi publicado o relatório Taylor sobre o desastre de Hillsborough, que recomendava que os estádios de futebol se tornassem para todos os lugares. O North Bank, que se tornou o lar dos torcedores mais apaixonados do Arsenal, foi demolido no final da temporada 1991-92. Durante a reforma, um mural gigante de torcedores foi colocado atrás do gol naquela ponta, para dar a ilusão de que os jogadores estavam chutando em direção a uma multidão, e não a um canteiro de obras. O mural inicialmente atraiu críticas pela ausência de torcedores negros, o que foi rapidamente corrigido. O longo processo de reconstrução do North Bank significou que Highbury teve três lados durante toda a temporada de 1992-93, que também foi a primeira temporada da nova FA Premier League . Embora a falta de gols tenha feito com que o Arsenal terminasse apenas em 10º na nova liga, eles venceram as duas competições da copa nacional naquela temporada. A Populous (então LOBB Partnership) projetou o North Bank Stand de dois andares para todos os lugares, a última área de Highbury a ser reformada, que foi inaugurada em agosto de 1993 a um custo de £ 20 milhões em meio a forte oposição dos moradores locais. O novo North Bank Stand continha um museu e um saguão com fliperamas, bares, balcões de confeitaria, lojas de souvenirs e barracas de fast-food. Embora o North Bank para todos os lugares "nunca tenha sido igual ao antiquado estande de Archibald Leitch" que substituiu, era "muito mais parecido com o futuro do Arsenal do que com o passado" com suas comodidades adicionais e "Foram-se os dias de empurrando uma criança petrificada através de uma multidão lotada e colocando-a em uma barreira de onde só podiam ver uma pequena parte do campo". A antiga arquibancada recebeu uma expulsão adequada com uma derrota por 5–1 para o Southampton, embora a nova arquibancada tenha um início menos auspicioso, o primeiro jogo sendo uma derrota surpreendente por 0–3 para o Coventry City com todos os três gols vindos do atacante Micky Quinn . A primeira vitória veio 10 dias depois contra o Leeds United .

Estatísticas

Arsenal
Estatísticas do Arsenal em Highbury:

Inglaterra
Estatísticas da Seleção Inglesa em Highbury:

Ver também

 White Hart Lane
 Stamford Bridge
 Emirates Stadium
 Tottenham Hotspur Stadium
 Craven Cottage

Referências

Arsenal Football Club
Estádios de futebol de Londres

Arsenal Stadium


El Chimaltenango FC es un equipo de fútbol con sede en Chimaltenango, Guatemala. El club juega como local en el Estadio Municipal de Chimaltenango, ubicado en la cabecera departemental. Es el equipo representante en eventos deportivos del mismo departamento.

Historia
El equipo surgió por el equipo Rey América, cuadro que militaba en la liga municipal chimalteca, que consiguió de forma consecuiva títulos a nivel departamental.

Estos logros, hacen que se decida incursionar en el fútbol federado, ahora bajo el nombre de América Chimaltenango, comprando una ficha en la tercera división del fútbol guatemalteco en la temporada 2007-2008, de la mano del entrenador chimalteco Cesar Patzán, quien en ese primera temporada logra su ascenso a la Segunda División.

Es en la temporada 2008-2009 en la que el club logra su éxito más importante, pues pasa de ser el benjamín del torneo, a convertirse en el sub-Campeón del Torneo Apertura, perdiendo la gran final contra el club Teculután.

En el Torneo Clausura el equipo es eliminado en semifinales por la vía de los penales ante el equipo de Puerto de Iztapa, y el destino hizo que se debiese jugar un partido extra por el ascenso ante este mismo cuadro porteño, derrotándolo 1 a 0 en el Estadio Mpal. de Amatitlán, con gol de Heber Ochaeta, este equipo fue dirigido por el entrenador argentino Daniel Bertha

El cuadro de las "águilas chimaltecas" ascendió entonces para disputar la Primera División de Ascenso en la temporada 2009-2010, torneo donde los apuros económicos fueron el factor determinante para que no se lograran los puntos suficientes para mantenerse, y descender ese mismo torneo de vuelta a la Segunda Categoría.

En el torneo 2010-2011 América Chimaltenango no logró clasificar a la segunda fase en el Torneo Apertura, mientras que en el Clausura llegó hasta la ronda de cuartos de final donde fue eliminado en tiempos extras por el equipo de Lanquín.

Actualmente el equipo disputa el Torneo Apertura 2011, es entrenado por el uruguayo Richard Shmithd, quien busca clasificarlo a la segunda ronda.

En 2017 pasa a llamarse Chimaltenengo FC, logrando dos años después regresar a la Primera División de Guatemala.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

futbolya.com
soccerway.com

Equipos de fútbol de Guatemala
Equipos de fútbol fundados en 1948

América de Chimaltenango


Kari-Lynn Winters est une auteure jeunesse, professeure, interprète et dramaturge canadienne née en  en Ontario, au Canada.

Biographie
Kari-Lynn Winters est originaire de l'Ontario.

Elle étudie à l'Université de Toronto, où elle obtient un diplôme en enseignement. Elle gradue ensuite de l'Université Brock, où elle étudie le théâtre en vue d'avoir son baccalauréat, puis à l'École nationale de théâtre du Canada afin d'obtenir un certificat. En 2009, elle complète son doctorat en éducation des arts et de la littérature à l'Université de la Colombie-Britannique.

Elle est professeure adjointe à l'Université Brock, à Saint Catharines, au département de formation des enseignants.

Elle est membre de l'Union des écrivains du Canada, de l'International Literacy Association, de la Canadian Society of Children's Authors, Illustrators, and Performers, du Canadian Children's Book Centre et de la Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators, en plus de faire partie des Language and Literacy Researchers of Canada.

Elle remporte de nombreux prix, dont le prix St. Catharines Arts Award à deux reprises au cours de sa carrière, pour son implication dans l'éducation des arts dans sa communauté.

Écriture
Winters s'intéresse particulièrement à l'alphabétisation, la littérature jeunesse, le théâtre comme stratégie d'éducation et les différentes formes d'apprentissage. Dans son livre jeunesse Amis pour-tout-toujours, l'auteure aborde le deuil animal chez les enfants en racontant l'histoire d'un jeune garçon qui se remémore des bons moments passés avec son compagnon à quatre pattes.

Implication et engagement
En 2010, elle participe à la conférence « Art Matters», organisée par la Faculté de l'Éducation de l'Université Brock. Lors de cette conférence, elle et quelques collègues proposent de nouvelles façons d'intégrer l'Art dans les cours ou sur le campus.

Quelques années plus tard, en 2012, elle publie un livre pour la jeunesse, Gift Days, dont les fonds amassés lors de la vente sont remis à l'organisme Because I Am a Girl, qui a pour but d'aider des jeunes femmes et des femmes de partout à travers le monde.

Pendant la pandémie de covid-19, l'écrivaine effectue des recherches sur le rôle de l'art et de la culture durant une pandémie mondiale, dans laquelle elle présente trois cas de personnes pour qui l'art a fait une différence dans leur vie. Elle défend également la nécessité de l'art et de la culture dans le journal International de l'Art et de l'Éducation.

Elle s'oppose également à la censure dans la littérature pour la jeunesse, censure qui sévit particulièrement au Canada.

Œuvres

Jeunesse
 No-matter-what friend, illustré par Pierre Pratt, Vancouver, Tradewind Books, 2014. .
 Amis pour-tout-toujours, Montréal, Planète rebelle, 2014. .
 Bad pirate, illustré par Dean Griffiths, Toronto, Pajama Press, 2015. .
 French toast, illustré par François Thisdale, Toronto, Pajama Press, 2016. .
 On my skis, illustré par Christina Leist, Vancouver, Tradewind Books, 2016. .
 Let's play a hockey game!, illustré par Helen Flook, Toronto, North Winds Press, 2016. .
 À vos marques! Prêts? Hockey!, Toronto, Scholastic, 2016. .
 Best pirate, illustré par Dean Griffiths, Toronto, Pajama Press, 2017. .
 Pain doré, Montréal, Éditions de l'Isatis, coll. « Tourne-pierre », 2018. .
 On the line, illustré par Scot Richie, Toronto, Pajama Press, 2021. .

Prix et honneurs
 2005 : lauréate de la bourse d'études Lomcira Harold Covell Memorial
 2005 : lauréate du Master Research Award de la Language and Literacy Reseachers of Canada
 2007 : lauréate du prix de professeur adjoint gradué de l'Université de la Colombie-Britannique
 2016 : lauréate du prix St. Catharines Arts Award
 2017 : finaliste au Willow Award de la Saskatchewan Young Reader's Choice, dans la catégorie Shining Willow - livre pour jeune public, pour French Toast
 2017 : nommée au B.C Reader's Choice Chocolate Lily Award, catégorie des livres illustrés, pour Good Pirate
 2018 : nommée au Blue Spruce Award de l'Ontario Library Association's (OLA), dans la catégorie meilleur livre illustré de quatre à sept ans, pour French Toast
 2020 : lauréate du prix St. Catharines Arts Award pour son implication dans l'éducation des arts dans sa communauté

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Université Brock

Liens externes

 Page de l'auteure sur le site de l'Union des écrivains du Canada
 Thèse de l'auteure

Naissance à St. Thomas (Ontario)
Naissance en 1969
Femme de lettres canadienne
Écrivain canadien du XXe siècle
Étudiant de l'Université Brock
Écrivain suivi par le projet Arts littéraires québécois
Étudiant de l'École nationale de théâtre du Canada
Étudiant de l'Université de la Colombie-Britannique
Étudiant de l'Université de Toronto
Professeur à l'Université Brock

Kari-Lynn Winters


Eduardo Antonio Salvio (født 13. juli 1990 i Avellaneda, Argentina), er en argentinsk fodboldspiller (højre kant).
Salvio spiller for Boca Juniors i  Argentina, som han har været tilknyttet siden 2019. Tidligere har han repræsenteret Lanús i sit hjemland, der også var hans klub på ungdomsniveau, samt spanske Atlético Madrid.

Salvio var med Atlético Madrid med til at vinde UEFA Europa League i både 2010 og 2012, mens det med Benfica er blevet til hele fire portugisiske mesterskaber og to pokaltitler.

Landshold
For Argentinas landshold har Salvio (pr. maj 2018) spillet seks kampe. Han debuterede for holdet 20. maj 2009 i en venskabskamp mod Panama Han var en del af den argentinske trup til VM 2018 i Rusland.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Argentina
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 2018
Fodboldspillere fra Atlético Madrid
Fodboldspillere fra Club Atlético Lanús
Fodboldspillere fra S.L. Benfica
Fodboldspillere fra Boca Juniors

Eduardo Salvio


Krajenka  () is a town in the Greater Poland Voivodeship of Poland. It has 3,804 inhabitants (2005) and lies in Złotów County.

Geographical location
Krajenka is located approximately 15 kilometers south of Złotów, 50 kilometers south-east of Szczecinek and 160 kilometers east of the regional center, Szczecin. It is located on the  river, a tributary of the Gwda river. It is part of the ethnographic region of Krajna, located in the northern part of the historic Greater Poland region.

History

The first mention of the town is from 1286, back then it belonged to noble family of Danaborski whose Coat of Arms was Toporczyk. The name of the town itself comes from the Polish word Krajna, which meant in the past a location on the borders of Polish state. Throughout centuries it was connected to Polish royalty and such families as Danaborski, Dahlke, Kościelecki, Grudziński, Działyński, Sułkowski, Komierowski.

Magdeburg city rights were granted in 1420 by the Polish king Władysław Jagiełło.

Following the First Partition of Poland, in 1772 it was annexed by Prussia. In 1787 the city suffered a fire. After the last Polish owner of the town  was killed by the Prussians in 1807, the town was confiscated by Prussian officials and passed from Polish to German hands. In 1846 a Protestant church was built by the famous German architect Carl Friedrich Schinkel. In 1871 a railway station of the Prussian Eastern Railway was built south of the  river. The town was then the property of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia. According to the German census of 1890, the town had a population of 3,344, of which 400 (12%) were Poles.

Despite the policy of Germanisation, local Poles in the early 20th century founded the People's Bank and a Polish Catholic Society. After Poland regained independence in 1918, the Polish inhabitants made efforts to reintegrate the town with Poland, but despite their requests and protests, the Treaty of Versailles granted the town to Germany. Then it was made part of the province of Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen. On 21 June 1924, the town made history within German law as the Reichsgericht confirmed private ownership by Prinz Friedrich Leopold, including, where he died in 1931. In 1931, local Poles founded a Polish school. Its teacher, Franciszek Gliszewski, was arrested and murdered by the Germans in the Flossenbürg concentration camp after the outbreak of World War II in 1939.

On 30 January 1945 the Soviet Red Army occupied the abandoned and severely destroyed town during the final stages of World War II. Many of the inhabitants had fled during the winter of 1944/1945. After the war the town was finally reintegrated with Poland under the Potsdam Agreement.

Number of inhabitants by year

Note that the table is based on primary, possibly inaccurate or biased sources.<ref name="VWG" >Michael Rademacher: Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Provinz Pommern, Kreis Flatow (2006).</ref>F. W. F. Schmitt: Topographie des Flatower Kreises. In: Preußische Provinzialblätter, Andere Folge, Band VII, Königsberg 1855, pp. 115-116.

Notable people
  (1914-1939), Polish Catholic priest, murdered by the Germans during World War II
 Siggi Wilzig (1926-2003), Auschwitz Holocaust survivor, CEO of Wilshire Oil Company

See also
Krojanker, several surnames derived from the names of the location

 References

 External links
 Official website of Krajenka
 William Remus: [http://remus.shidler.hawaii.edu/genes/WPrussia/krojanke/home.htm Krojanke (Krojanka)]  (2008)

Cities and towns in Greater Poland Voivodeship
Złotów County

Krajenka


Hellenistic Greece is the historical period of the country following Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the annexation of the classical Greek Achaean League heartlands by the Roman Republic. This culminated at the Battle of Corinth in 146 BC, a crushing Roman victory in the Peloponnese that led to the destruction of Corinth and ushered in the period of Roman Greece. Hellenistic Greece's definitive end was with the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, when the future emperor Augustus defeated Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII and Mark Antony, the next year taking over Alexandria, the last great center of Hellenistic Greece.

The Hellenistic period began with the wars of the Diadochi, armed contests among the former generals of Alexander the Great to carve up his empire in Europe, Asia, and North Africa. The wars lasted until 275 BC, witnessing the fall of both the Argead and Antipatrid dynasties of Macedonia in favor of the Antigonid dynasty. The era was also marked by successive wars between the Kingdom of Macedonia and its allies against the Aetolian League, Achaean League, and the city-state of Sparta.

During the reign of Philip V of Macedon (r. 221–179 BC), the Macedonians not only lost the Cretan War (205–200 BC) to an alliance led by Rhodes, but their erstwhile alliance with Hannibal of Carthage also entangled them in the First and Second Macedonian War with ancient Rome. The perceived weakness of Macedonia in the aftermath of these conflicts encouraged Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire to invade mainland Greece, yet his defeat by the Romans at Thermopylae in 191 BC and Magnesia in 190 BC secured Rome's position as the leading military power in the region. Within roughly two decades after conquering Macedonia in 168 BC and Epirus in 167 BC, the Romans would eventually control the whole of Greece.

During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. Cities such as Pergamon, Ephesus, Rhodes and Seleucia were also important, and increasing urbanisation of the Eastern Mediterranean was characteristic of the time.

Macedon

The quests of Alexander had a number of consequences for the Greek city-states. It greatly widened the horizons of the Greeks, making the endless conflicts between the cities which had marked the 5th and 4th centuries BC seem petty and unimportant. It led to a steady emigration, particularly of the young and ambitious, to the new Greek empires in the east. Many Greeks migrated to Alexandria, Antioch and the many other new Hellenistic cities founded in Alexander's wake, as far away as what are now Afghanistan and Pakistan, where the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and the Indo-Greek Kingdom survived until the end of the 1st century BC.

The defeat of the Greek cities by Philip and Alexander also taught the Greeks that their city-states could never again be powers in their own right, and that the hegemony of Macedon and its successor states could not be challenged unless the city states united, or at least federated. The Greeks valued their local independence too much to consider actual unification, but they made several attempts to form federations through which they could hope to reassert their independence.

Following Alexander's death a struggle for power broke out among his generals, which resulted in the break-up of his empire and the establishment of a number of new kingdoms. Macedon fell to Cassander, son of Alexander's leading general Antipater, who after several years of warfare made himself master of most of the rest of Greece. He founded a new Macedonian capital at Thessaloniki and was generally a constructive ruler.

Cassander's power was challenged by Antigonus, ruler of Anatolia, who promised the Greek cities that he would restore their freedom if they supported him. This led to successful revolts against Cassander's local rulers. In 307 BC, Antigonus's son Demetrius captured Athens and restored its democratic system, which had been suppressed by Alexander. But in 301 BC a coalition of Cassander and the other Hellenistic kings defeated Antigonus at the Battle of Ipsus, ending his challenge.

After Cassander's death in 298 BC, however, Demetrius seized the Macedonian throne and gained control of most of Greece. He was defeated by a second coalition of Greek rulers in 285 BC, and mastery of Greece passed to the king Lysimachus of Thrace. Lysimachus was in turn defeated and killed in 280 BC. The Macedonian throne then passed to Demetrius's son Antigonus II, who also defeated an invasion of the Greek lands by the Gauls, who at this time were living in the Balkans. The battle against the Gauls united the Antigonids of Macedon and the Seleucids of Antioch, an alliance which was also directed against the wealthiest Hellenistic power, the Ptolemies of Egypt.

Antigonus II ruled until his death in 239 BC, and his family retained the Macedonian throne until it was abolished by the Romans in 146 BC. Their control over the Greek city states was intermittent, however, since other rulers, particularly the Ptolemies, subsidised anti-Macedonian parties in Greece to undermine the Antigonids' power. Antigonus placed a garrison at Corinth, the strategic centre of Greece, but Athens, Rhodes, Pergamum and other Greek states retained substantial independence, and formed the Aetolian League as a means of defending it. Sparta also remained independent, but generally refused to join any league.

In 267 BC, Ptolemy II persuaded the Greek cities to revolt against Antigonus, in what became the Chremonidean War, after the Athenian leader Chremonides. The cities were defeated and Athens lost her independence and her democratic institutions. The Aetolian League was restricted to the Peloponnese, but on being allowed to gain control of Thebes in 245 BC became a Macedonian ally. This marked the end of Athens as a political actor, although it remained the largest, wealthiest and most cultivated city in Greece. In 255 BC, Antigonus defeated the Egyptian fleet at Cos and brought the Aegean islands, except Rhodes, under his rule as well.

City states and leagues

In spite of their decreased political power and autonomy, the Greek city state or polis continued to be the basic form of political and social organization in Greece. Classical city states such as Athens and Ephesus grew and even thrived in this period. While warfare between Greek cities continued, the cities responded to the threat of the post Alexandrian Hellenistic states by banding together into alliances or becoming allies of a strong Hellenistic state which could come to its defense therefore making it asylos or inviolate to attack by other cities.

The Aetolians and the Achaeans developed strong federal states or leagues (koinon), which were governed by councils of city representatives and assemblies of league citizens. Initially ethnic leagues, these leagues later began to include cities outside of their traditional regions. The Achaean League eventually included all of the Peloponnese except Sparta, while the Aetolian League expanded into Phocis. During the third century BCE these leagues were able to defend themselves against Macedon and the Aetolian league defeated a Celtic invasion of Greece at Delphi.

After Alexander's death, Athens had been defeated by Antipater in the Lamian War and its port in the Piraeus housed a Macedonian garrison. To counter the power of Macedon under Cassander, Athens courted alliances with other Hellenistic rulers such as Antigonus I Monophthalmus, and in 307 Antigonus sent his son Demetrius to capture the city. After Demetrius captured Macedon, Athens became allied with Ptolemaic Egypt in an effort to gain its independence from Demetrius, and with Ptolemaic troops they managed to rebel and defeat Macedon in 287, though the Piraeus remained garrisoned. Athens fought more unsuccessful wars against Macedon with Ptolemaic aid such as the Chremonidean War. The Ptolemaic kingdom was now the city's main ally, supporting it with troops, monies and material in multiple conflicts. Athens rewarded the Ptolemaic Kingdom in 224/223 BC by naming the 13th phyle Ptolemais and establishing a religious cult called the Ptolemaia. Hellenistic Athens also saw the rise of New Comedy and the Hellenistic schools of philosophy such as Stoicism and Epicureanism. By the turn of the century, the Attalids in Pergamon became patrons and protectors of Athens as the Ptolemaic empire weakened. Athens would later also establish a cult for the Pergamene king Attalos I.

Philip V

Antigonus II died in 239 BC. His death saw another revolt of the city-states of the Achaean League, whose dominant figure was Aratus of Sicyon. Antigonus's son Demetrius II died in 229 BC, leaving a child (Philip V) as king, with the general Antigonus Doson as regent. The Achaeans, while nominally subject to Ptolemy, were in effect independent, and controlled most of southern Greece. Athens remained aloof from this conflict by common consent.

Sparta remained hostile to the Achaeans, and in 227 BC Sparta's king Cleomenes III invaded Achaea and seized control of the League. Aratus preferred distant Macedon to nearby Sparta, and allied himself with Doson, who in 222 BC defeated the Spartans and annexed their city – the first time Sparta had ever been occupied by a foreign power.

Philip V, who came to power when Doson died in 221 BC, was the last Macedonian ruler with both the talent and the opportunity to unite Greece and preserve its independence against the "cloud rising in the west": the ever-increasing power of Rome. He was known as "the darling of Hellas". Under his auspices the Peace of Naupactus (217 BC) brought conflict between Macedon and the Greek leagues to an end, and at this time he controlled all of Greece except Athens, Rhodes and Pergamum.

In 215 BC, however, Philip formed an alliance with Rome's enemy Carthage, which drew Rome directly into Greek affairs for the first time. Rome promptly lured the Achaean cities away from their nominal loyalty to Philip, and formed alliances with Rhodes and Pergamum, now the strongest power in Asia Minor. The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC, but Macedon was now marked as an enemy of Rome. Rome's ally Rhodes gained control of the Aegean islands.

In 202 BC, Rome defeated Carthage, and was free to turn her attention eastwards, urged on by her Greek allies, Rhodes and Pergamum. In 198 BC, the Second Macedonian War broke out for obscure reasons, but very likely because Rome saw Macedon as a potential ally of the Seleucids, the greatest power in the east. Philip's allies in Greece deserted him and in 197 BC he was decisively defeated at the Cynoscephalae by the Roman proconsul Titus Quinctius Flamininus.

Luckily for the Greeks, Flamininus was a moderate man and an admirer of Greek culture. Philip had to surrender his fleet and become a Roman ally, but was otherwise spared. At the Isthmian Games in 196 BC, Flamininus declared all the Greek cities free, although Roman garrisons were placed at Corinth and Chalcis. But the freedom promised by Rome was an illusion. All the cities except Rhodes were enrolled in a new League which Rome ultimately controlled, and democracies were replaced by aristocratic regimes allied to Rome.

Rise of Rome

In 192 BC, war broke out between Rome and the Seleucid ruler Antiochus III. Antiochus invaded Greece with a 10,000 man army, and was elected the commander in chief of the Aetolians. Some Greek cities now thought of Antiochus as their saviour from Roman rule, but Macedon threw its lot in with Rome. In 191 BC, the Romans under Manius Acilius Glabrio routed him at Thermopylae and obliged him to withdraw to Asia. During the course of this war Roman troops moved into Asia for the first time, where they defeated Antiochus again at Magnesia on the Sipylum (190 BC). Greece now lay across Rome's line of communications with the east, and Roman soldiers became a permanent presence. The Peace of Apamaea (188 BC) left Rome in a dominant position throughout Greece.

During the following years Rome was drawn deeper into Greek politics, since the defeated party in any dispute appealed to Rome for help. Macedon was still independent, though nominally a Roman ally. When Philip V died in 179 BC, he was succeeded by his son Perseus, who like all the Macedonian kings dreamed of uniting the Greeks under Macedonian rule. Macedon was now too weak to achieve this objective, but Rome's ally Eumenes II of Pergamum persuaded Rome that Perseus was a potential threat to Rome's position.

End of Greek independence

As a result of Eumenes's intrigues Rome declared war on Macedon in 171 BC, bringing 100,000 troops into Greece. Macedon was no match for this army, and Perseus was unable to rally the other Greek states to his aid. Poor generalship by the Romans enabled him to hold out for three years, but in 168 BC the Romans sent Lucius Aemilius Paullus to Greece, and at Pydna the Macedonians were crushingly defeated. Perseus was captured and taken to Rome, the Macedonian kingdom was broken up into four smaller states, and all the Greek cities who aided her, even rhetorically, were punished. Even Rome's allies Rhodes and Pergamum effectively lost their independence.

Under the leadership of an adventurer called Andriscus, Macedon rebelled against Roman rule in 149 BC: as a result it was directly annexed the following year and became a Roman province, the first of the Greek states to suffer this fate. Rome now demanded that the Achaean League, the last stronghold of Greek independence, be dissolved. The Achaeans refused and, feeling that they might as well die fighting, declared war on Rome. Most of the Greek cities rallied to the Achaeans' side, even slaves were freed to fight for Greek independence. The Roman consul Lucius Mummius advanced from Macedonia and defeated the Greeks at Corinth, which was razed to the ground.

In 146 BC, the Greek peninsula, though not the islands, became a Roman protectorate. Roman taxes were imposed, except in Athens and Sparta, and all the cities had to accept rule by Rome's local allies. In 133 BC, the last king of Pergamum died and left his kingdom to Rome: this brought most of the Aegean peninsula under direct Roman rule as part of the province of Asia.

The final downfall of Greece came in 88 BC, when King Mithridates of Pontus rebelled against Rome, and massacred up to 100,000 Romans and Roman allies across Asia Minor. Although Mithridates was not Greek, many Greek cities, including Athens, overthrew their Roman puppet rulers and joined him. When he was driven out of Greece by the Roman general Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Roman vengeance fell upon Greece again, and the Greek cities never recovered. Mithridates was finally defeated by Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great) in 65 BC.

Further ruin was brought to Greece by the Roman civil wars, which were partly fought in Greece. Finally, in 27 BC, Augustus directly annexed Greece to the new Roman Empire as the province of Achaea. The struggles with Rome had left certain areas of Greece depopulated and demoralised. Nevertheless, Roman rule at least brought an end to warfare, and cities such as Athens, Corinth, Thessaloniki and Patras soon recovered their prosperity.

See also
 Ancient Greek architecture
 Ancient Greek art
 Culture of ancient Greece
 Hellenization

References

Further reading
Austin, M. M. The Hellenistic World From Alexander to the Roman Conquest: A Selection of Ancient Sources In Translation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
--, editor and translator. The Hellenistic world from Alexander to the Roman conquest: A selection of ancient sources in translation. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Bagnall, Roger, and Peter Derow, editors and translators. Historical sources in translation: The Hellenistic period. 2nd edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004.
Bugh, Glenn. R., editor. The Cambridge companion to the Hellenistic world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Chaniotis, Angelos. War in the Hellenistic world: A Social and Cultural History. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005.
Crook, J. A., Andrew Lintott, and Elizabeth Rawson, editors. The Cambridge ancient history. volume IX, part 1: The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1994.
Errington, R. Malcolm. A history of the Hellenistic world, 323–30 BC. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2008.
Erskine, Andrew, editor. A companion to the Hellenistic world. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2003.
Green, Peter. Alexander to Actium: The Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.
Gruen, Erich S. The Hellenistic world and the coming of Rome. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
Lewis, David M., John Boardman, Simon Hornblower, and Martin Ostwald, editors. The Cambridge ancient history, volume VI: The fourth century BC. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Shipley, Graham. The Greek World after Alexander, 323–30 BC. London: Routledge, 2000.
Walbank, Frank W. A historical commentary on Polybius. Volume I: Commentary on Books I–VI. Volume II: Commentary on Books VII–XVIII. Volume III: Commentary on Books XIX–XL. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957–79.
--. The Hellenistic World. Brighton, Sussex: Harvester Press, 1981.
Walbank, Frank W., Alan E. Astin, Martin W. Frederiksen, and Robert M. Ogilvie, editors. The Cambridge ancient history, volume VIII: Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 BC. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
--. The Cambridge ancient history, volume VII, part 1: The Hellenistic world. 2nd edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

External links

Ancient history

Hellenistic Greece


Delicvescența este procesul prin care o substanță solidă absoarbe vapori de apă din aer pentru a forma o soluție. Acest proces se desfășoară dacă presiunea de vapori a apei din aer este mai mare decât presiunea de vapori a soluției saturate. La temperatură și presiune date, absorbția vaporilor de apa se continuă până la saturarea soluției. Pentru un anumit solut, delicvescența este determinată de umiditatea relativa (RH) a fazei gazoase. La echilibru, umiditatea relativa este egala cu valoarea caracteristică pentru soluția saturată (RH0).

Din punctul de vedere al termodinamicii chimice, delicvescența este o transformare de fază de ordinul întâi a unui solid cristalin într-o soluție saturată, care se produce la o umiditate relativă definită (denumită punct de delicvescență, RH0) în condiții de temperatură și presiune constante.

Pentru RH < RH0, o cantitate limitată de vapori apă interacționează cu materialul cristalin datorită absorbției sau condensării capilare la defecte superficiale ale rețelei cristaline și la punctele de contact între cristale. Acest proces este o manifestare a higroscopicității materialului considerat.

Amestecurile de substanțe delicvescente sunt mai delicvescente decât fiecare din componentele individuale; altfel spus, un amestec manifestă procesul de delicvescența la o umiditate relativa  (RH0,mix) inferioară în comparație cu fiecare dintre componentele lui. Aceasta se datorează micșorării activitații termodinamice a apei cu creșterea numărului de subsțante dizolvate in soluția saturată, în conformitate cu ecuația Gibbs-Duhem. Daca substantele dizolvate contin un ion comun, efectul de modificare a RH0 prin amestecare este mai redus decât în cazul amestecurilor de saruri fara ion comun.

Note

Tranziții de fază
Procese chimice
Termodinamică

Delicvescență


24413 Britneyschmidt este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
24413 Britneyschmidt este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Stația Anderson Mesa în cadrul programului LONEOS. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,20 ua, o excentricitate de 0,04 și o înclinație de 12,3° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 24001-25000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2000
Centura de asteroizi

24413 Britneyschmidt


2000 Guardian Kitap Birinciliği ve 2001 Kanada Ulusal İş Dünyası Kitabı ödüllü Naomi Klein, No Logo: Küresel Markalar Hedef Tahtasında ya da özgün adıyla No Logo: No Space, No Choice, No Jobs kitabında, markaların sadece medya ya da sokaklarda değil, okullar dahil olmak üzere, aynı anda ve hemen her yerde karşımıza çıkabildiğinden bahseder. Küresel şirketlerin, farklılığı desteklemek söylemi altında, tüketicilere daha fazla satınalma seçeneği sunabilmek için nasıl kurumsal çok kültürlülüğü desteklediklerini ele alır. Klein, Walmart ya da Blockbuster gibi şirketlerin, istedikleri film ya da albümleri ne kadar kolay sansürleyebildiklerini iddia ederken bu şirketleri ayakta tutan çalışanlarının, şirketin başarılarından hiçbir şekilde pay alamadıklarını dile getirir.

Bununla birlikte büyük markalarla ilgili farkındalıkların ve bunun sonucu olarak bir direncin gelişmeye başladığını, iletişimin, çocukları, örneğin Nike'ın sadece ucuz işgücünü kötüye kullanmakla kalmayıp bir de bu ürünleri tüketicilere astronomik fiyatlarla satmaya çalıştıkları konusunda bilinçlendirdiğinden bahseder.

Naomi Klein'ın biraz kızgın biraz da eğlendirici bir dille kaleme aldığı No Logo adlı kitabında, Tommy Hilfiger, Microsoft, GAP, McDonald's, Shell ve Disney gibi markalar da başkaldırının hedefi olmaktan kurtulamazlar.

2002 kitapları
İngilizce kitaplar
İş kitapları
Bilişim ile ilgili eserler
Naomi Klein kitapları

No Logo


يونين قرية لبنانية تقع في محافظة بعلبك الهرمل.تبعد حوالي 103 كيلومترات شرق بيروت و18 كيلومترًا شمال شرق مركز محافظة بعلبك. يمكن الوصول إليها عبر طريق بعلبك-حمص الدولية، وتبلغ مساحتها حوالي 140 فداناً عدا البساتين المنتشرة حول القرية. كما ترتفع عن سطح البحر 1215 متراً ويغطي نطاقها الإداري مساحة 7,759 هكتار. بلغ عدد سكانها المؤهلين للانتخاب حوالي 6,557، وسكانها من المسلمين الشيعة.

أصل السكان
يعود الأصل التاريخي للسكان إلى شبه الجزيرة العربية والقبائل التي هاجرت من هناك وسكنت في جبل لبنان ومن ثم وبفعل الحروب والجوع، انتقل إليها العديد من العائلات التي لا يزال لها جذور في بعض قرى جبل لبنان.

الموقع الأثري والسياحي
تتمتع بلدة يونين بموقع أثري وسياحي هام نظراً لموقعها في حضن الجبل الشرقي، حيث يمد السهل كفه أمامها فتقرأ فيه كل حركة وسكنة ولون، ونظراً لكثرة الينابيع فيه (حيث يقال أن أحد ينابيع نهر العاصي يتفجر من يونين) ولوجود خمس طواحين كانت تعمل بواسطة ضغط المياه قبل وصول الكهرباء والتكنولوجيا إلى البلدة 1969 حيث كان يؤمها كل سكان القرى المجاورة لطحن غلالهم فيها، يذكر ان اثنين من الطواحين الخمسة ما زالت تعمل حتى اليوم وبالطريقة القديمة ذاتها. كما يوجد في مدخل القرية «ناعورة» تعمل أيضاً بواسطة ضغط المياه، ويتم بواسطتها استخراج المياه من بئر مجاورة لا يتجاوز عمقه الـ10 أمتار وتختلف هذه الناعورة عن نواعير حماه الشهيرة وهي متوقفة عن العمل، وبذلك يغيب منظر ربما كان من أجمل المناظر الموجودة في لبنان وهناك في جنوب القرية مزار ديني يسمى «النبي سليمان» ويقع في منطقة مرتفعة حيث ينبع من داخله نبع ماء صغير لا يجف صيفاً ولا تزداد مياهه شتاءً، ويقصده العديد من الزائرين بالإضافة إلى وجود عدد كبير من المغاور الأثرية من عصور قديمة لم يجرِ عليها الكشف حتى الآن، أهمها: مغارة الحصن - جبعا - قلعة فارس- وقلعة الشوف.

الوضع الإداري
تقسم البلدة إدارياً إلى أربعة أحياء في التقسيم الإداري الجديد على رأس كل حي مختار يقوم بأعماله الإدارية التي تخص المواطنين، كما يوجد فيها مجلس بلدي، من 18 عضو.

الأحوال المعيشية
يعيش حوالي 90% من سكان البلدة على الزراعة والإنتاج الزراعي بالدرجة الأولى حيث لم يعد يلاقي إقبالاً وتشجيعاً بالشكل المطلوب لبلدة مثل يونين التي تترامى مساحات اراضيها الواسعة يميناً وشمالاً دون أي فائدة تذكر، وتقدر مساحة الأراضي الصالحة للزراعة بعشرات الآلاف من الدونمات، وأهم المزروعات الحبوب على أنواعها وخاصة القمح والشعير والحمص والعدس، أما البساتين فمزروعة بالأشجار المثمرة كالمشمش والكرز والتين والعنب والخوخ بالإضافة إلى بعض المزروعات الصيفية، وظهرت في الآونة الأخيرة زراعة التبغ والبطاطا إلى طرق الري الحديثة وتخضع مسألة تصريف الإنتاج لعملية العرض والطلب ويكون المزارع في كثير من الأحيان ضحية عدم تصريف إنتاجه أو تصريفه بسعر زهيد لا يكفي للحرث والقطاف والري.

نذكّر في هذا المجال بضرورة إنشاء معمل «كونسروة» حديث في منطقة البقاع الشمالي بحيث يستوعب كل منتوجات المنطقة مهما بلغت، وبذلك يساعد المزارع ويستفيد الاقتصاد الوطني.

كما ويعيش عدد من السكان على تربية الماشية، وقسم آخر يعمل في بعض الصناعات الخفيفة وبعض الحرف اليدوية (مطرزات- أواني قش- بسط) وهذه الحرف كانت منتشرة بشكل واسع في القرية، وهي اليوم في طريقها إلى الزوال، أما القسم الباقي فيعيش من المحال التجارية أو من الوظائف الحكومية.

الثروة المائية
تعتبر يونين بلدة الينابيع، وتمتاز بغزارة المياه، وهي من أكثر قرى منطقة البقاع الشمالي غنى بالثروة المائية، ويكاد لا يوجد منزل الا وفيه جدول ماء صغير يمرّ في صحن داره، خصوصاً تلك البيوت القريبة من رأس العين (اليونيني) فموقع القرية على طرف خط تقسيم المياه اعطاها ميزة هامة هي كثرة الينابيع الدائمة والموسمية على حد سواء بالإضافة إلى الآبار الارتوازية العديدة، ويقطع القرية نهر كبير يسمى «نهر يونين» يتناول مياهه من نبع رأس العين (اليونيني) ويجري في واد قليل العمق متجهاً نحو الشمال ليروي اراضي وبساتين القرية، وهناك نهر صغير آخر لكنه أقل أهمية من النهر الأول حيث ينبع من المنحدرات الشمالية من نبع يسمى «عين السمعية» ويروي القسم الباقي من الأراضي بالإضافة إلى عدة ينابيع موسمية صغيرة حيث لا تعطى الأهمية اللازمة.

الوضع التعليمي
وتجمع كل المصادر والأبحاث التي كتبت عن بلدة يونين بأنها حاضرة علم وأدب وثقافة وفقه وتشريع ديني في القرون الماضية حتى ان من يريد التحدث عن تاريخ بعلبك أو تاريخ المنطقة بشكل عام لا بدّ وأن يتوقف وقفة طويلة عند بلدة يونين ليتذكّر ما كان لها من الباع الطويل في مجال العلم والتفقه والتشريع والأدب، وذلك حتى بدايات هذا القرن، ولا زالت تلمع أسماء بعض الأشخاص اليونيين الذين أعطوا المكاتب العربية زاداً لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه إطلاقاً، ولو عدنا إلى الماضي لتعرّفنا إلى عدد كبير من العلماء والمجتهدين من عائلة زغيب فنجد على سبيل الذكر لا الحصر، القطب الفقيه محمد بن أحمد اليونيني، وتطالعنا القرون السابع والثامن والتاسع للهجرة بأسماء من اليونيين منهم الشيخ عبد الله اليونيني (الذي تعود له تسمية تلة الشيخ عبد الله في بعلبك -ثكنة عسكرية) والشيخ موسى زغيب والشيخ محمد عبد الله والشيخ محمد عبد القادر زغيب، ومما يدل على ان يونين كانت حاضرة علم وأدب بافتتاح الشيخ حسين زغيب (1815-1877) وهو جد الأسرة العلمية التي نشأت في بلدة يونين خلال القرن التاسع عشر وامتدت إلى أوائل القرن العشرين والذي لقب بشمس العرافين، افتتاحه مدرسة دينية خرجت العديد من العماء من آل محفوظ والعميري وزغيب، وقد أصبحت المدرسة من أطلال الماضي، وفي بداية هذا القرن عيّن الشيخ علي التقي زغيب (1867-19337) أول مفتي رسمي لبلاد بعلبك، وقد أرّخ الشاعر يوسف المعلوف في ذكرى تعيين الشيخ علي مفتياً حسين قال:

لعلمي في بعلبك مقام في نفوس الملا يظل علياً

ما تولى الافتاء أرض الا عاد هذا الافتاء علياً نقياً

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قضاء بعلبك
أماكن مأهولة في لبنان
تجمعات شيعية في لبنان
قضاء بعلبك

بلدة يونين (لبنان)


منذ عام 1971 تم تطوير ماركة سمَايْلِي (Smiley)من قبل فرانكلين لوفراني الذي يدير شركة Smileyworld المحدودة التي تتخذ من جعل العالم مكاناً أسعد للعيش رسالة لها. وقد بيعت ماركة Smiley هذه عبر أنحاء العالم بصناعات تتناول العديد من طرازات الحياة، ويدأب مصمموها على تطوير منتجات عالية الابتكار والحداثة، ويمكن مشاهدة هذه المنتجات في مجموعة Smiley Collection و Smiley Beauty.

وتستخدم هذه الماركة القطن العضوي بهدف المساعدة في حماية البيئة وحياة الناس العاملين بإنتاج القطن. كما يتم التبرع بمقدار 10% من العوائد التي يتم تحصيلها إلى جمعية خيرية تدعى مؤسسة Smiley World (مؤسسة العالم الباسم) ذات النشاطات الاجتماعية في العديد من البلدان. إن شعارها هو «شارك ابتسامتك مع من يحتاجها».

في عام 1997 شرع فرانكلين ابن نيوكولاس لوفراني في خلق عالم جديد من الإيقونات التي ترتكز على الشعار الأصلي لـ Smiley. واليوم يتم استخدام ما يزيد عن 1200 إيقونة كجزء من ماركة تدعى Smileyworld. هذه الماركة تعتمد على مفهوم التواصل الهادف إلى مساعدة الناس للتواصل بشكل أفضل عبر منتجات تعبيرية اجتماعية (بطاقات تهنئة، هدايا..). كما أنها مشروع تربوي في الكتب، الألعاب، المنتجات التفاعلية ناهيك عن ماركات معيشية بالغة المتعة للأطفال (الموضة، الاكسسورات...)

السجل
في عام 1997 أدرك نيكولاس لوفراني  التطور في استخدام رموز الشفرة القياسية الأمريكية لتبادل المعلومات خلال التقنية المتنقلة وبدأ في اختبار الوجوه المبتسمة المتحركة، بهدف إنشاء وزًا ملونة تتوافق مع رموز الشفرة القياسية الأمريكية لتبادل المعلومات المصنوعة من علامات الترقيم العادية، لتعزيزها للحصول على استخدام أكثر تفاعلاً بشكل رقمي. ومن هنا قام لوفران بتجميع قاموس مصطلحات تعبيرية عبر الإنترنت  المصنف إلى فئات منفصلة - كلاسيكيات وتعبيرات مزاجية والأعلام والاحتفالات والمرح والرياضة والطقس والحيوانات والطعام والأمم والمهن والكواكب ودائرة الأبراج والأطفال وتلك التصميمات التي تم تصميمها أول مرة في عام 1997 في مكتب حقوق الطبع والنشر بالولايات المتحدة ثم نشر هذه الرموز كملفات بتنسيق جي آي إف على الويب في عام 1998، لتصبح الرموز الرسومية الأولى المستخدمة في التقنية على الإطلاق.
}في عام 2000، توفر دليل التعبيرات الذي وضعه لوفراني للمستخدمين لتنزيله على الهواتف المحمولة على الإنترنت خلال موقع ويب smileydictionary.com الذي جمع أكثر من 1000 رمز رسومي مبتسم وإصدارات رموز الشفرة القياسية الأمريكية لتبادل المعلومات. تم نشر هذا الدليل نفسه في عام 2002 في كتاب بواسطة مرابوط يسمى Dico Smileys.
في عام 2001، بدأت شركة Smiley ترخيص الحقوق للرموز الرسومية الخاصة بلوفراني ليتم استخدامها لتنزيلات الهواتف المحمولة عن طريق مجموعة متنوعة من شركات الاتصالات المختلفة بما في ذلك Nokia وMotorola وSamsung وSFR (vodaphone) وSky Telemedia.

قانون

إن Smiley ماركة تجارية مسجّلة منذ عام 1971. إن اسم وشعار Smiley حالياً مسجل ومستخدم في مايزيد عن 100 بلد في 25 صنف بضائع وخدمات. تم تسجيل مايزيد عن 1200 ايقونات تعبيرية إلكترونية لـ Smiley في مكتبة الكونغرس في واشنطن وهي محمية باتفاقية حقوق النشر والطبع العالمية. وفي الأعوام العشرة الماضية، وقعت شركة Smileyworld المحدودة أكثر من 800 عقد ترخيص عبر العالم وهي تقوم باستخدام حقوقها في معظم أصناف البضائع والخدمات في أهم بلدان القارات الخمس. وتعمل شركة Smileyworld Ltd المحدودة مع أكثر من 60 شركة قانونية لحماية الـ IP خاصتها.

مراجع

انفعالة (ثقافة إنترنت)
ثقافة الإنترنت
رسم صوري
رموز مطبعية
شعارات
ضحك
وجه

سمايلي


Fra Bernard Dukić (Košute, pokraj Sinja, 28. travnja 1934. - Sinj, 30. kolovoza 2012.), bio je hrvatski svećenik, intelektualac i voditelj Hrvatske katoličke misije u Njemačkoj.

Djetinjstvo i mladost
Bernard Dukić, rođen je u obitelji Marka i Šime Dukić (djevojački Mateljan), u Košutama, selu Cetinske krajine, pokraj Sinja. U rodnim je Košutama završio pučku (osnovnu) školu, koju je pohađao u razdoblju Drugog svjetskog rata da bi u Sinju pohađao Franjevačku klasičnu gimnaziju.

Svećenička karijera
U novicijat je pristupio u Sinju, 14. srpnja 1951., te je prve zavjete položio na Visovcu, 15. srpnja 1952., da bi svečane zavjete položio u Makarskoj, 8.prosinca 1957., da bi bio zaređen za đakona, u Makarskoj 19. prosinca 1959.godine, a svećenički mu je red dodijelio mu je mostarsko-duvanjskog biskupa, Petar Čule, 3. srpnja 1960., u Imotskom, te je bio član Franjevačke provincije Presvetog Otkupitelja.

Obavljao je službu župnog vikara u Metkoviću, od 1961. do 1962., zatim službu župnika u Otoku, pokraj Sinja, od 1962. do 1965.godine. Iste godine, 1965., odlazi na osnivanje prve Hrvatske katoličke misije, u Frankfurtu na Majni, u SR Njemačkoj, pošto su za osnivanje, dana 12. prosinca 1965., dobili dekret Biskupske konferencije Jugoslavije, te je bio prvi hrvatski katolički svećenik s dekretom biskupske konferencije Jugoslavije za pastvu u Njemačkoj, koja je tada, šezdesetih godina prošloga stoljeća bila zemlja blagostanja, koja je privlačila inozemne radnike iz mnogih država europskog jugoistoka, prije svega Jugoslavije, Grčke i Turske. U tim je počecima znalo dolaziti do uskrate izdavanja putnih isprava, bez ikakvog valjanog obrazloženja, svećenicima koji su odlazili u Njemačku, te je fra Dukić bio prvi hrvatski franjevac koji je s redovitom putovnicom otputovao u Njemačku, 1965.godine.

U tadašnjim političkim krugovima u Hrvatskoj, tada u sastavu socijalističke Jugoslavije, pristizali su prigovori, pa i negativni politički sudovi o radu Hrvatske katoličke misije u Njemačkoj, da bi se kasnije u tim političkim krugovima ipak naišlo na prešutno odobrenje. Sam fra Bernard Dukić o svojem radu te kretanju emigracije u Njemačkoj je govorio u intervjuu Slobodnoj Dalmaciji, u ljeto 1990.: "Mi možemo govoriti o više etapa iseljavanja. Prva traje od početka 60-ih godina do 1967., i još je dosta smirena, nije velika. Od 1967. do 1970. dolazi vrijeme najvećeg egzodusa hrvatskog naroda. Nikada se nijedan europski narod nije u tolikom broju iselio kao hrvatski narod 1969. godine, kada je oko 300 000 napustilo svoju domovinu u potrazi za radom. Iste godine dolazi i papinska instrukcija o inozemnoj pasti "Pastoralis migratorum cura" i prema njoj se onda nanovo uređuje naše inozemno dušobrižništvo. Te je godine nas hrvatskih svećenika bilo u Njemačkoj oko 50 među našim radnicima. (Da bi ih u ljeto 1990.) U cijeloj hrvatskoj pastvi u Njemačkoj sada djeluje 108 svećenika, 98 pastoralnih suradnika (laika), među kojima je 58 časnih sestara, 102 socijalna radnika, a svi oni su namještenici Njemačke crkve i plaća ih njemački Caritas. Oni se brinu za sve naše ljude koji su na privremenom radu u Njemačkoj i ne gledaju na njihovu vjeru i nacionalnost."  Spomenutu je misiju vodio do 1971. godine, kada ga je njemačka biskupska konferencija, na prijedlog hrvatskog episkopata, imenovala za naddušobrižnika i delegata za hrvatske misionare u SR Njemačkoj. Iste je godine sudjelovao u osnivanju folklorne skupine Croatia ensamble, u Njemačkoj.

Tadašnji nadbiskup Franjo Kuharić je 1972.godine odlučio imenovati fra Bernarda Dukića za člana Vijeća biskupske konferencije za hrvatsku emigraciju. u razdoblju od 1978. do 1979., bio je pokretač i prvi glavni urednik mjesečnika Živa zajednica za Hrvate u Njemačkoj.

U svojem je radu sudjelovao u organiziranju susreta hrvatske katoličke mladeži, koji je uz vjerski imao i kulturne sadržaje, posebno su organizirali i susrete posvećene njegovanju hrvatskog tradicijskog folklora, u kojima su očuvali tradicionalnu hrvatsku nematerijalnu baštinu među emigrantskim krugovima, poput narodnih kola i plesova iz domovine. Tako se održavao Hrvatski folklorni festival u Njemačkoj, te kojemu su jednom prilikom, 19. veljače 1990., u gradu Ludwigshafenu, prisustvovali tada kardinal Franjo Kuharić i Josip Arnerić, tada biskup u mirovini.

Na samom početku svojega rada za hrvatsku pastvu, u SR Njemačkoj, 1965. godine, hrvatska je pastva u toj državi brojala 45 misija, od toga 51 svećenika, 43 socijalna radnika i 14 pastoralnih suradnika, da bi u trenutku njegova razrješenja, 1997. godine, hrvatska pastva brojala 86 misija, 110 svećenika, 104 socijalna radnika i 110 pastoralnih suradnika, te se u više od tristotine gradova u Njemačkoj održava redovita sveta misa za hrvatske emigrante katolike.

Kao voditelj Naddušobrižničkog ureda u Frankfurtu zadržao se od 1965. do 1997. godine. Bio je definitor u razdoblju 1965. do 1972., da bi potom od 1972. do 1997., bio imenovan naddefinitorom Provincije. U tom je razdoblju obnašao dužnost voditelja Hrvatske katoličke misije u Frankfurtu, te naddušobrižnika delegata za hrvatsku pastvu u SR Njemačkoj.

Povratak u Hrvatsku
Godine 1997., vraća se u Hrvatsku, te je bio imenovan za gvardijana, župnika i dekana u Kninu, u razdoblju od 1997. do 2000., nastavno je 2000. godinu dana obnašao dužnost samostanskog vikara u Sumartinu, na otoku Braču, da bi od 2001. bio imenovan ispovjednikom u Sinju.

Umro je u Sinju, 30. kolovoza 2012., te je pokopan 3.rujna 2012., na groblju Sv. Franje u Sinju.

Izvori

Hrvatski katolički svećenici

Bernard Dukić


An Rhizanthella gardneri in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Richard Sanders Rogers. An Rhizanthella gardneri in nahilalakip ha genus nga Rhizanthella, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Image gallery

Rhizanthella

Rhizanthella gardneri


وصل عدد السدود في المغرب في عام 2011، ووفقا للحكومة المغربية، ما يناهز 148سد، ولها قدرة إجمالية تفوق 17.2 مليار متر مكعب .قامت منظمة الأغذية والزراعة للأمم المتحدة (الفاو) ، في عام 2005 بجرد وتقسيم هذه السدود ،في 104 سدا كبيرا بسعة إجمالية تصل إلى 16,904 مليار متر مكعب من الماء الصالح للزراعة والشرب وكذا التصنيع وتوليد الكهرباء، و 17 سد صغيرة والمتوسطة الحجم ، و 67 سدا مقامة قبالة لبحيرات الصغيرة وروافد الأنهار، بسعة إجمالية قدرها ب 9.9 مليون متر.

قائمة سدود المغرب هي قائمة لجرد أكبر السدود المائية بالمغرب.

المصادر

قوائم السدود حسب البلد
قوائم مبان ومنشآت في المغرب

قائمة سدود المغرب


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În decembrie 2016, arhiva PMC conținea peste 4,1 milioane de articole, cu contribuții venite direct de la edituri sau autori care și-au depus propriile manuscrise în bibliotecă conform Politicii Publice de Acces NIH. Datele mai vechi arată că, în intervalul ianuarie 2013 – ianuarie 2014, numărul lucrărilor depuse de autori a depășit 103.000 în acele 12 luni. PMC identifică, de asemenea, aproximativ 4.000 de reviste care acum participă într-un fel sau altul prin depunerea automată în biblioteca PMC a conținutului lor publicat. Unele edituri participante amână publicarea articolelor lor pe PubMed Central un timp după publicare, practică denumită "perioadă de embargo", și poate varia de la câteva luni la câțiva ani, în funcție de revistă (cele mai frecvente sunt embargourile de șase până la douăsprezece luni). Cu toate acestea, PubMed Central este un exemplu de "distribuție externă sistematică de către un terț" care este încă interzisă de către acordurile de colaborare ale mai multor edituri.

Adopția
Lansată în februarie 2000, biblioteca a crescut rapid întrucât  este concepută pentru a face toate proiectele de cercetare finanțate prin  (NIH) liber accesibile tuturor și, în plus, mulți editori cooperează activ cu NIH pentru a oferi acces gratuit la lucrările lor. La sfârșitul anului 2007, a fost promulgat  din 2008 (H. R. 2764) care cuprindea o prevedere care obliga NIH să-și modifice politicile adăugând obligativitatea includerii în PubMed Central a copiilor electronice complete ale cercetărilor și descoperirilor recenzate finanțate de NIH. Aceste articole trebuie incluse în termen de 12 luni de la publicare. A fost prima dată când guvernul SUA a impus unei agenții să ofere acces deschis la rezultatele cercetărilor și este o evoluție a politicii din 2005, prin care NIH cerea cercetătorilor să-și adăuge voluntar lucrările la PubMed Central.

O versiune britanică a sistemului PubMed Central, , a fost dezvoltat de Wellcome Trust și British Library ca parte dintr-un grup de nouă finanțatori puternici ai cercetării din Regatul Unit. Acest sistem a devenit operațional în ianuarie 2007. Pe 1 noiembrie 2012, el a devenit . Membrul canadian al rețelei PubMed Central International, , a fost lansat în octombrie 2009.

Limbajul de markup pentru articole științifice "NLM Journal Publishing Tag Set" al Biblioteca Națională de Medicină a Statelor Unite ale Americii este liber disponibil.  comentează că "probabil va deveni standardul pentru pregătirea conținutului științific atât pentru cărți cât și pentru reviste". Este disponibil un  pentru cărți. Biblioteca Congresului și  au anunțat sprijinul pentru NLM DTD.

După anunțarea planurilor de acces public pentru multe agenții, altele decât NIH, PMC este în curs de a deveni loc de depozitare pentru o mai mare varietate de articole. Printre acestea se numără conținut de la NASA, interfața purtând marca "PubSpace".

Tehnologia
Articolele sunt trimise la PubMed Central de către editori în format XML sau , cu o varietate de -uri. Editorii mai vechi și mai mari pot avea propriile lor DTD-uri dezvoltate de ei, dar mulți editori folosesc DTD-ul NLM Journal Publishing (vezi mai sus).

Articolele primite sunt convertite prin  la DTD-ul foarte similar NLM Archiving and Interchange. Acest proces poate dezvălui erorile care sunt raportate înapoi editurii pentru corectură. Elementele grafice sunt și ele convertite la formate și dimensiuni standard. Sunt arhivate atât formele inițiale, cât și cele convertite. Formele convertite sunt mutate într-o bază de date relațională, împreună cu fișierele asociate pentru elementele grafice, multimedia, sau alte date asociate. Mulți editori oferă și copii PDF ale articolelor lor, iar acestea sunt puse la dispoziție nemodificate.

Citările bibliografice sunt parsate și legate în mod automat de rezumatele relevante din PubMed, de articole din PubMed Central, și de resursele de pe site-urile web ale editorilor. PubMed trimite și el către PubMed Central. Referințele nerezolvabile, cum ar fi cele către reviste sau articolele specifice care nu sunt încă disponibile la una dintre aceste surse, sunt urmărite în baza de date și devin "" atunci când resursele devin disponibile.

Un sistem de indexare propriu oferă capacitatea de căutare, fiind conștient de  și biologică, cum ar fi numele de medicamente generice vs proprietar și numele alternative pentru organisme, boli și părți anatomice.

Atunci când un utilizator accesează un număr de revistă, se generează automat un cuprins prin aducerea tuturor articolelor, scrisori, editorialelor etc. din acel număr. Atunci când se ajunge la un element real, cum ar fi un articol, PubMed Central convertește markupul NLM în HTML pentru livrare, și oferă legături către obiectele de date asociate. Acest lucru este posibil deoarece datele de intrare, în formate variate, au fost mai întâi convertite la DTD-ul și formatele grafice standard.

Într-un flux separat de publicare, autorii finanțați de NIH pot depune articole în PubMed Central folosind  (NIHMS). Articolele astfel prezentate trec, de obicei, printr-o conversie la NLM DTD.

Reacții
Reacțiile la PubMed Central în rândul comunității editorilor științifici variază de la veritabilul entuziasm al unora, la îngrijorarea și reticența altora. PMC este un partener binevenit pentru editorilor cu acces deschis prin capacitatea sa de a spori descoperirea și difuzarea de cunoștințe biomedicale, dar în același timp îi face pe alții să se îngrijoreze de devierea traficului de la versiunea publicată, de consecințele economice ale numărului redus de cititori, precum și de efectul întreținerii unei comunități de oameni de știință în cadrul societăților. Biblioteci, universități, susținători ai accesului deschis, grupuri de sprijin pentru sănătatea consumatorilor și organizațiile de drepturile pacientului au aplaudat PubMed Central, și speră să vadă biblioteci similare cu acces public dezvoltate și de alte agenții americane cu finanțare federală astfel pentru libera circulație a oricăror publicații de cercetare finanțate din banii contribuabililor.

Studiul Antelman al editorilor cu acces deschis a constatat că, în filosofie, științe politice, inginerie electrică și electronică, și matematică, lucrările cu acces deschis au avut un impact mai mare asupra cercetării. Un studiu randomizat a constatat o creștere a descărcărilor de lucrărilor cu acces liber, fără a existat un avantaj la citare față de accesul cu abonament la un an după publicare.

Modificarea procedurii a fost și criticată.  și-a exprimat rezerve față de punerea în aplicare a politicii.

PMCID
PMCID (PubMed Central identifier), cunoscut și ca "număr de referință PMC", este un  bibliografic pentru baze de date PubMed Central, așa cum PMID este identificatorul bibliografic pentru baza de date PubMed. Cei doi identificatori sunt însă distincți. PMCID se compune din "PMC", urmat de un  de șapte numere. Formatul este:

 PMCID: PMC1852221

Note

Legături externe

 National Institutes of Health Submission System (NIHMS)
 Politica de Acces Public a NIH

Baze de date bibliografice

PubMed Central


හේමසිරි ප්‍රනාන්දු (ඉංග්‍රීසි: Hemasiri Fernando) යනු ආරක්ෂක අමාත්‍යාංශයේ ලේකම්වරයා, ජනාධිපති කාර්ය මණ්ඩල ප්‍රධානියා, ආයෝජන මණ්ඩලයේ සභාපතිවරයා

ජීවන සටහන්
ඔහු හිටපු අග‍්‍රාමත්‍ය සිරිමාවෝ බණ්ඩාරනායකගේ ලේකම් වරයාද විය. මීට අමතරව ඔහු සභාපති ගුවන් තොටුපල හා ගුවන් ගමන් සේවා තනතුරද, සභාපති ශ්‍රී ලංකා ටෙලිකොම් ලිමිටඩ්, මහජන බැංකුවේ සභාපතිවරයා, සභාපති ජාතික ඔලිම්පික් කමිටුව ශ්‍රී ලංකාවහි තනතුරද හොබවා ඇත.

හේමසිරි ප්‍රනාන්දු කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසුවෙකි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 හේමසිරි ප්‍රනාන්දු ආරක්ෂක ලේකම්ධූරයට
 හේමසිරි ප්‍රනාන්දු  ගේ ඉංග්‍රීසි විකිපීඩියා පිටුව
 කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසු සිවිල් නිලධරයන්
 Mr. Hemasiri Fernando Appointed as the PB Chairman
 ආරක්‍ෂක ලේකම්තුමන් තම පාසල් මාතාවගෙන් උපහාර ලබයි
 මිලිමීටර් 9 ගිනිඅවි බලපත් නිකුත් කිරීම අත්හිටුවයි
 ගිනි අවි බලපත්‍ර අහෝසියි - අලුතෙන් ගන්න වෙයි

චරිත කතා
ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ
ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ
ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ
ආදි නාලන්දියයෝ

හේමසිරි ප්‍රනාන්දු


89. længdegrad kan henvise til:

 89. vestlige længdekreds
 89. østlige længdekreds

89. længdegrad


Ngô Thanh Vân (født 26. februar 1979) er en vietnamesisk skuespillerinde og sanger.

Da Ngô var 10 år gamle flyttede hun til Norge, og ca. 10 år senere i 1999 tilbage til Vietnam for at deltage i en Skønhedskonkurrence, hvor hun fik anden pladsen.

Discografi
Ngô Thanh Vân udgav følgende produktioner:

Albumer
 2003: The Gioi Tro Choi (Playworld)
 2004: Bi An Vang Trang (Mystery of the Moon)
 2005: My Way (Con Duong Em Di)
 2008: Studio 68 (Heaven: The Virus Remix)
 2008: Tears of Angel (Nuoc Mat Thien Than)

Samlealbummer
 2002: Vuon Tinh Nhan (Lovers' Garden) ft. Tuan Hung

Van Son DVDer
 Van Son 35: Tinh Nguoi Vien Xu - "Mat Nhau"
 Van Son 36 in Taiwan - "Dem Xot Xa"
 Van Son 37 in The Kingdom of Cambodia - "Nguoi Hung"
 Van Son 38: Dem Hoi Ngo - "They Don't Care About Us"
 Van Son 39: Me Va Que Huong - "O Kia Doi Bong Them Vui"

Filmografi
Ngô Thanh Vân var skuespiller i følgende produktioner:

TV dramaer
 2002: Huong De - TFS
 2004: Rouge - MTV Asia
 2007-2009: Cô Gái Xấu Xí (Vietnamesisk version af Ugly Betty) - Vietnam Television (cameo)

Film
 2005: Saigon Love Story
 2006: 2 in 1
 2007: Dong Mau Anh Hung (The Rebel)
 2007: Ngoi Nha Bi An / Suoi Oan Hon (The Haunted House)
 2009: Clash (Bay Rong)
 2011: Ngoc Vien Dong (Pearls of the Far East)
 2012: House in the Alley
 2013: Once Upon a Time in Vietnam
 2015: The Lost Dragon
 2016: Siêu trộm (Bitcoin Heist)
 2016: Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny
 2016: Tam Cam: Chuyen Chua Ke
 2017: Cô Ba Sài Gòn (The Tailor)
 2017: Star Wars: The Last Jedi
 2017: Bright
 2017: The Tailor

Reality tv-seriers
 2010: Bước nhảy hoàn vũ (Dancing with the Stars) (VTV3)

Eksterne henvisninger

 nhacSO.net
 Kim Loi Studio
 Ngo Thanh Van's Facebook

Skuespillere fra Vietnam
Modeller fra Vietnam
Sangere fra Vietnam

Ngô Thanh Vân


راؤول جوزيه ترينداد ميريلس ، (من مواليد 17 مارس 1983 في بورتو، البرتغال)، لاعب كرة قدم برتغالي سابق كان يجيد اللعب في مركز وسط الميدان.

بدأ مسيرته الكروية مع ديبورتيفو داس أيفيس في عام 2001، ولعب معهم حتى عام 2003، وشارك معهم في 42 مباراة وسجل هدف واحد، وفي موسم 2003/2004 انتقل إلى نادي بوافيستا، ولعب معهم 24 مباراة، وفي عام 2004 انتقل إلى نادي بورتو

و انتقل عام 2010 إلى نادي ليفربول الإنجليزي ليلعب معهم موسم واحد فقط

في 31 آب 2011 ، وقع ميريليس لتشيلسي في صفقة لمدة أربع سنوات بقيمة 12 مليون جنيه استرليني

بدأ باللعب مع منتخب البرتغال لكرة القدم في عام 2006.

ألقابه

بورتو
الدوري البرتغالي : 2005-06 ، 2006-07 ، 2007-08 ، 2008-09
تاكا دي البرتغال : 2006، 2009، 2010
Supertaça كانديدو دي اوليفيرا : 2006، 2009، 2010

مع المنتخب
كأس الأمم الأوروبية لكرة القدم بطولة تحت 16 : 2000

فرد
PFA 'لاعب لشهر : فبراير 2011
PFA 'لاعب السنة : 2010-11

مسيرته الكروية
لعب راؤول ميريلس خلال مسيرته الاحترافية مع 6 أندية في سبعة عشر موسمًا وسجل خلالها 29 هدفًا ضمن 350 مباراة. حيث فاز في خمسة مواسم بالكأس وفي خمسة مواسم بالدوري.

خاض راؤول ميريلس مسيرته مع نادي ديبورتيفو داس أيفيس في موسم 2001–02 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 42 مباراة سجل خلالها هدفًا واحدًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي بوافيشتا في موسم 2003–04 لمدة موسم واحد، حيث شارك في 29 مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف. لينتقل بعدها إلى نادي بورتو في موسم 2004–05 ليلعب معه ستة مواسم، مشاركًا في 137 مباراة سجل خلالها 15 هدفًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي ليفربول في موسم 2010–11 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 35 مباراة سجل خلالها 5 أهداف. هذا وانتقل لاحقًا إلى نادي تشيلسي في موسم 2011–12 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 31 مباراة سجل خلالها هدفين. ثم انتقل بعدها إلى نادي فنربخشة في موسم 2012–13 ليلعب معه أربعة مواسم، مشاركًا في 76 مباراة سجل خلالها 6 أهداف.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في تركيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية برتغاليون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية برتغاليون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو منتخب البرتغال لكرة القدم الرديف للرجال
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون برتغاليون مغتربون في إنجلترا
رياضيون برتغاليون مغتربون في تركيا
رياضيون من بورتو
لاعبو الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري البرتغالي الدرجة الأولى
لاعبو الدوري البرتغالي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري البرتغالي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري التركي الممتاز
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2008
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2012
لاعبو بورتو
لاعبو بورتو ب
لاعبو نادي تشيلسي
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الإنجليزي
لاعبو ديسبورتيفو آفيس
لاعبو فنار باغجه
لاعبو كأس العالم 2010
لاعبو كأس العالم 2014
لاعبو كرة قدم أولمبيون من البرتغال
لاعبو كرة قدم برتغاليون
لاعبو كرة قدم برتغاليون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2004
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في تركيا
لاعبو ليفربول
لاعبو منتخب البرتغال تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب البرتغال لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب البرتغال لكرة القدم للشباب
لاعبو نادي بوافيشتا
لاعبو نهائي كأس الاتحاد الإنجليزي
لاعبون فازوا بدوري أبطال أوروبا
مواليد 1983
مواليد في بورتو
لاعبو كرة قدم من بورتو

راؤول ميريلس


(5108) Lübeck, denumire internațională (5108) Lubeck, este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
5108 Lübeck este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul La Silla de Eric Walter Elst. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,31 ua, o excentricitate de 0,11 și o înclinație de 6,4° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 5001-6000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Familia  Vesta

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1987
Centura de asteroizi

5108 Lübeck


.kw Kuveyt için internet ülke kodu üst seviye alan adıdır. (CcTLD)

Kuveyt'te iletişim

.kw


Hunter est un village situé dans l'État américain de l'Arkansas, dans le comté de Woodruff.

Histoire

Économie

Géographie

Démographie

Notes et références

Comté de Woodruff
Town en Arkansas

Hunter (Arkansas)


مصريين البلقان (بالألبانية: Egjiptian)، هم أقلية أغلبها تعيش في كوسوفو، والباقي في جمهورية مقدونيا وألبانيا وصربيا، وهم غير المصريين (جمهورية مصر العربية) ويدعون أن لهم أصول مصرية ولكن لم يتم إثبات ذلك إلى الآن كما لا تعترف بهم الحكومة المصرية وهم أغلبهم مسلمون يتحدثون اللغات الألبانية واليونانية والمقدونية ويبلغ تعدادهم وفقا لإحصاء عام 1996 في كوسوفو حوالي 87 ألف في كوسوفو ووفقا لتعداد 2002 في مقدونيا يبلغ عددهم 3,843 ألف في جمهورية مقدونيا.

الهوية
هناك الكثير من الروايات المتعلقة بوجودهم في البلقان منها انهم وصلوا إليها في القرن الثالث قبل الميلاد عندما عاد الإسكندر المقدوني إلى البلقان من حملته في الشرق وعادت معه بعض العائلات من مدينة الإسكندرية في مصر وتوطنت في البلقان، والبعض الآخر يقول أهم جاؤوا إلى المنطقة في القرن السادس الميلادي كمحاربين وبحارة وبعض الدراسات تقول انهم هاجروا إلى البلقان في عهد الملك رمسيس الثاني كمستعمرين للبحث عن الحديد والذهب وأخرى تقول انهم هاجرو إلى البلقان عقب غزو الهكسوس لمصر في عصر أمنمحات الثالث, وأخرى تقول انهم من أصول غجرية جاؤوا إلى البلقان من مصر وأخرى تقول أن لهم أصول في أرض فلسطين وطرابلس في ليبيا.

لم يتم حتى الآن إثبات أي من هذا ولكنهم يصرون على أصولهم المصرية حيث انهم يسعون بقوة لتمييزهم عن الغجر هناك الذي ينظر لهم هناك بنظرة ازدراء لأحداث تاريخية قديمة ولمشاركتهم في المجازر التي قام بها الصرب في هذه المجتمعات وأيضا الاعتراف بهم كأقلية من بلد كمصر يعطى لهم الهوية والاستقلالية عن بقية الأقليات في بلد الأقليات المتناحرة كوسوفو كما تعترف تركيا بالأقلية التركية هناك والبوشناق تعترف بهم بوسنيا والصرب والألبان.

موقف الحكومة المصرية والجهات الرسمية
يعترف بهم دستور دولة كوسوفو الجديد الموضوع تحت إشراف الأمم المتحدة على انهم من القومية المصرية في حين ترفض الحكومة المصرية الاعتراف بهم حيث لا توجد أي دلائل مؤكدة تثبت صحة زعمهم ولكن تظل هناك اتصالات جارية بينهم وبين الحكومة المصرية لمساعدتهم والاعتراف بهم كأقلية مصرية والكثير منهم يطالب الحكومة المصرية بمنحهم الجنسية.

الدول التي يعيشون فيها
يعيش أغلبهم في كوسوفو والبعض في ألبانيا وجمهورية مقدونيا واعداد قليلة في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وبعض الدول الأوروبية.
قام الالبان بطرد العديد منهم بعد حرب كوسوفو في عام 1999 وعاشوا في صربيا ودول أوروبا الغربية كلاجئين.

انظر أيضاً
 الرابطة المصرية في كوسوفو
 الحزب الليبرالي المصري

مصادر

 مقالة بجريدة دار الحياة
 تقرير بى بى سى العربية "تقرير مصور"
 اتحاد مصريين البلقان

مصريو البلقان


O Hotel Saratoga é um luxuoso hotel de arquitetura neoclássica localizado no Paseo del Prado, em Havana Velha, em frente à Fuente de la India, construído em 1880 para armazéns, foi remodelado como hotel em 1933 e reaberto em 2005. Uma explosão ocorreu no hotel na manhã de 6 de maio de 2022.

História

O edifício foi encomendado pela primeira vez pelo rico comerciante espanhol Gregorio Palacios, que nasceu em Santander. Ele possuía várias instalações de alojamento e assinou um contrato em 1879 por US$ 98 000 para a construção do novo prédio. Originalmente, era um prédio de três andares. O térreo abrigava um armazém de tabaco, uma loja e quatro apartamentos. O segundo andar foi usado como hotel ou pousada com 43 quartos e uma sala de jantar.

A sua primeira localização foi na rua do Monte, posteriormente foi transferida para a envolvente do Campo de Marte. Em 1935, os guias turísticos destacaram o hotel como um dos melhores de Havana. A sua esplanada, denominada Aires Libres, foi um importante centro cultural e tradicional no século XX.

Após uma árdua reforma, foi reaberto em 2005 como um hotel cinco estrelas com 96 quartos, três bares, dois restaurantes, piscina e business center. Sua arquitetura lembra a época colonial e tem um caráter eclético com um grande número de elementos de interesse, como carpintaria francesa, cerâmica e mármore cubano.

O hotel Saratoga está localizado em frente ao Parque de la Fraternidad, perto do Capitólio Nacional. O projeto de restauração foi realizado em 2005 pelo Gabinete do Historiador da Cidade. A localização central e as vistas tornaram-no um destino preferencial para visitantes internacionais.

O edifício manteve sua vitalidade até a década de 1960, quando foi intervencionado pelo governo revolucionário. A partir de então, tornou-se um cortiço com vários loteamentos até ser desocupado devido ao seu estado deplorável. Uma vez restaurado, hoje combina seu estilo tradicional com tecnologia avançada.

Explosão de 2022

Em 6 de maio de 2022, durante a Feira Cubana de Turismo Internacional, uma explosão destruiu partes do edifício. Fontes governamentais inicialmente atribuíram a explosão a um vazamento de gás. Pelo menos 22 pessoas morreram na explosão e outras 76 ficaram feridas. o números de vitimas mortais sobe para 45, mas ainda esta em execução a busqueda de corpos

Galeria

Referências

Saratoga

Hotel Saratoga


Margit Bach (* 25. März 1951 in Frankfurt-Höchst) ist eine ehemalige deutsche Hürdenläuferin, die sich auf die 100-Meter-Distanz spezialisiert hatte.

Sportlerin
Bei den Leichtathletik-Europameisterschaften 1971 schied sie im Halbfinale aus.

Im Jahr 1972 wurde sie bei den Leichtathletik-Halleneuropameisterschaften in Grenoble über 50 m Hürden Fünfte und erreichte bei den Olympischen Spielen in München das Halbfinale.

1970 und 1971 wurde sie Deutsche Meisterin, 1969 und 1972 Deutsche Vizemeisterin. In der Halle wurde sie 1972 Deutsche Meisterin über 60 m Hürden und 1971 Vizemeisterin über 50 m Hürden.

Margit Bach startete für den OSC Höchst und den SV Bayer 04 Leverkusen.

Persönliche Bestzeiten
 60 m Hürden (Halle): 8,14 s, 26. Februar 1972, Stuttgart
 110 m Hürden: 13,29 s, 9. August 1970, Berlin

Fotografin und Journalistin
Im Anschluss an ihre sportliche Karriere folgte nach kurzer Tätigkeit als Musik- und Sportlehrerin ein Grafik-Studium an Hochschule für Gestaltung Offenbach. Ab 1975 arbeitete Margit Bach für das Höchster Kreisblatt, bzw. die Frankfurter Neue Presse, zunächst als Fotografin. Mitte der 1980er Jahre begann sie auch mit dem Schreiben von Texten.

Seit 1989 ist Margit Bach für das Weilburger Tageblatt (WT) tätig. Außerdem ist sie seit 1996 zusätzlich verantwortliche Redakteurin für die WT-Beilage "Weilburg Live", das ebenso wie das Weilburger Tageblatt im Verlag Wetzlardruck erscheint. Margit Bach lebt auf einem Bauernhof in Weinbach-Elkerhausen.

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website von Margit Bach

Fußnoten

100-Meter-Hürdenläufer (Deutschland)
Deutscher Meister (Leichtathletik)
Olympiateilnehmer (Deutschland)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 1972
Sportler (Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg)
Weinbach
Deutscher
Frau
Geboren 1951

Margit Bach


Der Ormshøj ist ein Ganggrab am Rande des Dorfes Årby, östlich von Kalundborg auf der dänischen Insel Seeland. Das Ganggrab ist eine zusammengebaute Doppelanlage in Dänemark gibt es derer 60 in Schweden drei. Es stammt aus der Jungsteinzeit etwa 3500–2800 v. Chr. und ist eine Megalithanlage der Trichterbecherkultur (TBK). Das Ganggrab ist eine Bauform jungsteinzeitlicher Megalithanlagen, die aus einer Kammer und einem baulich abgesetzten, lateralen Gang besteht. Diese Form ist primär in Dänemark, Deutschland und Skandinavien, sowie vereinzelt in Frankreich und den Niederlanden zu finden. Neolithische Monumente sind Ausdruck der Kultur und Ideologie neolithischer Gesellschaften. Ihre Entstehung und Funktion gelten als Kennzeichen der sozialen Entwicklung. Im Jahre 1934 wurden aus Anlass des Johannisfeuers in Årby Teile des Ganggrabes zerstört.

Beschreibung
Die Doppelkammer mit separaten Zugängen hat einen gemeinsamen Trennstein der Kammern. Diese Form kommt ansonsten in Nordjütland vor, wo die Kammern zumeist jedoch getrennt im Hügel liegen. Die Achsen der Doppelkammern bilden zumeist einen überstumpfen Winkel und passen sich so dem Rundhügel an. Der Klekkende Høj auf Møn ist das einzige Beispiel einer Kammeranlage, deren Kammer- und Gangachsen rechtwinkelig stehen und völlig gerade Linien bilden. Doppelkammern sind ein Merkmal dieser Region und die geographische Konzentration (Hyldedysse von Rørby, Korshøj bei Ubby) könnte darauf verweisen, dass es während der Jungsteinzeit spezialisierte Bautrupps gab, die die Megalithanlagen errichteten.

Der Ormshøj wurde 1879 entdeckt, als ein Bauer einige Felsen, die aus dem Rundhügel ragten, entfernte. Er fand menschliche Knochen und benachrichtigte das Nationalmuseum. Bei der umgehenden Ausgrabung zeigte sich, dass es sich um ein relativ gut erhaltenes Ganggrab handelte, dem jedoch die Decksteine fehlten. Die Zwischenmauerwerke zwischen den Tragsteinen waren in gutem Zustand. Der Kammerboden war mit kleinen Steinen gepflastert. In der südlichen Kammer war an der Wand eine Fläche von 1,6 × 0,9 m als Quartier (dän. Gulvinddelinger) abgeteilt. Später wurden die Spuren weiterer Quartiere gefunden.

Die südliche langovale Kammer hat (abgesehen vom Trennstein) zehn Tragsteine und ein Quartier (dän. Gulvinddeling). Ihr Gang mit den Überresten von zwei Verschlussstellen hat acht Tragsteine. Die nördliche Kammer ist etwas unförmig, wodurch sich zwei kleine Wandnischen ergeben. Sie hat neun Tragsteine. Der Gang mit den Überresten von zwei Verschlussstellen hat noch fünf Tragsteine. Da die Anlagen ein gemeinsames Bauelement haben, sollten sie gleichzeitig entstanden sein. Diese Kammer erscheint, obwohl ein Einheitskonzept möglich bleibt, eher wie eine spätere Anfügung.

Restaurierungen
Als Sophus Müller (1846–1934) im Jahre 1909 nach Årby kam, wurde er von Julius Raklev (1878–1960), der in der Region aufgewachsen war, begleitet. Sie restaurierten die Anlage, und Raklev wurde einer der führenden Restauratoren der Dolmen und Ganggräber im Land. Fast ein halbes Jahrhundert lang reparierte er die Schäden an den Anlagen. Der Ormshøj, den er im Jahre 1934 wieder aufsuchte, war eine seiner ersten Arbeiten. Im Jahre 1986 und 1988 mussten weitere größere Reparaturen erfolgen. Man fand dabei die dünne Klinge einer Axt aus Feuerstein, die in der Wand steckte. Eine solche Konstellation zeigt ansonsten nur noch der Børnehøj in Roskilde.

In der Nähe liegt der Langdysse im Asnæs Forskov.

Siehe auch
 Nordische Megalitharchitektur
 Großsteingräber in Dänemark

Literatur
 Ingrid Falktoft Anderson: Vejviser til Danmarks oldtid 1994, ISBN 87-89531-10-8 S. 245
 Klaus Ebbesen: Danmarks megalitgrave. Band 2: Katalog. Attika, Kopenhagen 2008, ISBN 978-87-7528-731-4 Nr. 721

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Beschreibung engl. und Bilder
 Beschreibung engl. und Bilder

Großsteingrab in der Region Sjælland
Nordgruppe der Trichterbecherkultur
Bauwerk in Kalundborg Kommune
Ganggrab
Kultstätte
Archäologischer Fundplatz auf Seeland (Dänemark)
Geographie (Kalundborg Kommune)
Sakralbau auf Seeland (Dänemark)
Grabbau in Europa
Archäologischer Fundplatz in Europa

Ormshøj


Rachael Elaine Harris (født 12. januar 1968) er en amerikansk skuespiller og komiker.

Udvalgt filmografi

Film
 License to Wed (2007)
 Du Almægtige, Evan (2007)
 Tømmermænd i Vegas (2009)
 Natural Selection (2011)
 Nat på museet 3: Gravkammerets hemmelighed (2014)
 Freaks of Nature (2015)

Tv-serier
 Sister, Sister (1998)
 Reno 911! (2003–09)
 New Girl (2012)
 Suits (2012–19)
 Lucifer (2016–2021)

Privatliv
Harris har to sønner, født henholdsvis i 2016 og 2018, sammen med violinisten Christian Hebel, som hun blev separeret fra i 2019.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Skuespillere fra Ohio
Komikere fra USA

Rachael Harris


Kielland is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Kielland (1849–1906), Norwegian writer
Axel Christian Zetlitz Kielland (1853–1924), Norwegian civil servant and diplomat
Christian Bendz Kielland (1858–1934), Norwegian civil servant
Gabriel Kielland (1871–1960), Norwegian architect, painter and designer
Gabriel Schanche Kielland (1760–1821), Norwegian businessman and ship owner
Gustava Kielland (1800–1889), Norwegian author and missionary pioneer
Jacob Christie Kielland (1897–1972), Norwegian architect
Jacob Kielland (officer) (1825–1889), Norwegian naval officer and politician
Jacob Kielland (priest) (1841–1915), Norwegian priest and politician
Jacob Kielland (businessman) (1788–1863), Norwegian businessperson, consul and politician
Jens Zetlitz Monrad Kielland (1866–1926), Norwegian architect
Jens Zetlitz Kielland  (1816–1881), Norwegian consul and artist
Jonas Schanche Kielland (born 1863) (1863–1925), Norwegian jurist and politician
Jonas Schanche Kielland (1791–1852), Norwegian consul and politician
Kitty Lange Kielland (1843–1914), Norwegian landscape painter
Olav Kielland (1901–1985), Norwegian composer and conductor
Tycho Kielland (1854–1904), Norwegian jurist

See also
Per Smith-Kielland (1891–1921), Norwegian painter
Ingvald M. Smith-Kielland (born 1919), Norwegian military officer and diplomat
Alexander L. Kielland (platform), Norwegian semi-submersible drilling rig that capsized in 1980

Norwegian-language surnames

Kielland


Wisch Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Plön iline bağlı bölge.  9,18 km² yüzölçüme sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Aralık 2004 itibarıyla yaklaşık 735 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Heinz Lamp tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 www.amt-probstei.de

Plön iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Wisch (Holstein)


Kenneth Binyavanga Wainaina (født 18. januar 1971, død 21. maj 2019 i Nairobi) var en kenyansk forfatter og journalist. Han vandt i 2002 Caineprisen for afrikansk literatur og blev i 2014 inkluderet på Time Magazines liste over de 100 mest indflydelsesrige mennesker i verden.

Binyavanga Wainaina blev født i Nakuru, Kenya. Han studerede på University of Transkrei i Sydafrika og University of East Anglia i England.

Hans debut, erindringen One Day I Will Write About This Place, blev udgivet i 2011. I januar 2014 offentliggjorde Wainaina at han er homoseksuel i kølvandet på at en række afrikanske lande annoncerede love imod homoseksualitet.

Han var grundlægger og koordinator af 'Kwani?', et litterært netværk i Kenya der publicerer afrikansk litteratur, holder foredrag og træningworkshops og fremmer både lokale og globale netværk.

Wainaina døde i Nairobi 21. maj 2019.

Kilder og henvisninger

Romanforfattere
Personer fra Kenya
LGBT-personer

Binyavanga Wainaina


بيكومتر هي وحدة لقياس الطول في النظام المتري وتعادل واحد من ترليون من المتر.

1 بيكومتر = 10−12 متر

يطلق اسم الميكرومتر على مليون ضعف البيكو متر، لذلك كان يسمي البيكو متر سابقاً ميكرميكرون.

يستخدم البيكو متر لقياس أقطار الذرات والأبعاد الذرية.

استخدام الوحدة
وحدة القياس بيكومتر هي وحدة صغيرة جدا بحيث تكاد تطبق فقط في مجال فيزياء الجسيمات وفي ميكانيكا الكم . و تقع مقاييس الذرات بين 62 و 520 بيكومتر . كما توجد وحدات أصغر تستخدم في فيزياء الجسيمات الأولية ، حيث تلك الجسيمات الأولية هي مكونات الذرة، ومنها الهادرونات و الفرميونات ، (أنظر سوابق SI ).

بيكو
يستخدم البيكو بصفة عامة في أغراض كثيرة للتعبير عن الوحدات الصغيرة، ويعرف البيكو كالآتي:

1 بيكو = 10−12

وبناء عليه، فإن :

1 بيكو فاراد = 10−12 فاراد

1 بيكو ثانية = 10−12 ثانية

1 بيكو متر = 10−12 متر

اقرأ أيضا
 سوابق SI
 ديسي (عدد)
 سنتي (عدد)

مراجع

قيم أسية (طول)
وحدات مسافة

بيكومتر


Rafael L. Silva (Belo Horizonte, 18. lipnja 1994.) je brazilsko-američki glumac. Najpoznatiji je po svojoj ulozi Carlosa Reyesa, policajca meksičkih korijena, u seriji 9-1-1: Lone Star.

Biografija
Silva je rođen 1994. u gradu Belo Horizonte u Brazilu.

Kada je bio dječak želio je postati veterinar, kao što je bio njegov djed, no s 13 godina se s obitelji seli u Sjedinjene Države u New Jersey. Kao Latinos i imigrant, u početku se nije osjećao dobrodošao i to je znatno utjecalo na njegovo odrastanje. Engleski je učio čitanjem povijesnih knjiga iz koje saznaje ružniju stranu američke i europske kolonijalne povijesti. Postao je introvertiran i imao je strah od javnog nastupa u srednjoj školi. Tada upisuje satove glume kako bi prevladao taj strah. Tu svoju odluku opisuje sljedećim riječima: "I figured if you were going to be afraid of something, you might as well be in the eye of the hurricane. So I started acting because I was afraid of speaking in public..."

Osobni život
Silva je izašao iz ormara s 19 godina i od tada je otvoreno gay te, po svojim riječima, u svojim ulogama nastoji što bolje izraziti dobre i kvalitetne strane LGBT zajednice.

Silva je fluentan u engleskom, portugalskom i španjolskom.

Izvori

Američki glumci

Rafael L. Silva