Hermann Cohen (4 July 1842 – 4 April 1918) was a German Jewish philosopher, one of the founders of the Marburg school of neo-Kantianism, and he is often held to be "probably the most important Jewish philosopher of the nineteenth century".

Biography
Cohen was born in Coswig, in the Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg. He began to study philosophy early on, and soon became known as a profound Kant scholar. He was educated at the Gymnasium at Dessau, at the Jewish Theological Seminary of Breslau, and at the universities of Breslau, Berlin, and Halle. In 1873, he became Privatdozent in the philosophical faculty of the University of Marburg; the thesis with which he obtained the venia legendi being Die systematischen Begriffe in Kant's vorkritischen Schriften nach ihrem Verhältniss zum kritischen Idealismus. Cohen was elected Professor extraordinarius at Marburg in 1875 and Professor ordinarius the following year.

He was one of the founders of the "Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaft des Judenthums", which held its first meeting in Berlin in November 1902.

Cohen edited and published Friedrich Albert Lange's final philosophical work, Logische Studien (Leipzig, 1877), and edited and wrote several versions of a long introduction and critical supplement to Lange's Geschichte des Materialismus.

He devoted three early volumes to the interpretation of Kant (Kant's Theory of Experience, Kant's Foundations of Ethics, and Kant's Foundations of Aesthetics).  In 1902 he began publishing the three volumes of his own systematic philosophy: Logik der reinen Erkenntnis (1902), Ethik des reinen Willens (1904) and Ästhetik des reinen Gefühls (1912). The planned fourth volume on psychology was never written.

Cohen's writings relating more especially to Judaism include several pamphlets, among them "Die Kulturgeschichtliche Bedeutung des Sabbat" (1881) and "Ein Bekenntniss in der Judenfrage" (1880); as well as the following articles: "Das Problem der Jüdischen Sittenlehre" in the "Monatsschrift" xliii. (1899), pp. 385–400, 433–449; "Liebe und Gerechtigkeit in den Begriffen Gott und Mensch" in "Jahrbuch für Jüdische Geschichte und Litteratur", III. (1900), pp. 75–132; and "Autonomie und Freiheit" in Gedenkbuch für David Kaufmann (1900).

Cohen's most famous Jewish works include: Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums (Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism, 1919), Deutschtum und Judentum, Die Naechstenliebe im Talmud, and Die Ethik des Maimonides.
His essay "Die Nächstenliebe im Talmud" was written at the request of the Marburg Königliches Landgericht (3d ed., Marburg, 1888).
Cohen's Jewish writings are collected in his Jüdische Schriften (3 vols. ed. Bruno Strauss, Berlin 1924). There is an ongoing new academic edition of Cohen's works, edited by Helmut Holzhey, Hartwig Wiedebach u.a. (Olms, Hildesheim 1977 ff.)
An English translation of some of his Jewish writings is available in Reason and Hope: Selections from the Jewish Writings of Hermann Cohen, translated by Eva Jospe (1971).

Cohen was an outspoken critic of Zionism, as he argued that its aspiration to create a Jewish state would lead to "return the Jews to History". In his view, Judaism was inherently a-historical, with a spiritual and moral mission far transcending the national aims of Zionism.
Despite his attitude, Tel Aviv has a Hermann Cohen Street.

Cohen is buried in the Weißensee Cemetery in Berlin.

Works
English translations are indented.
"Die Platonische Ideenlehre Psychologisch Entwickelt," in "Zeitschrift für Völkerpsychologie," 1866, iv. 9 ("Platonic Ideal Theorie Psychologically Developed")
"Mythologische Vorstellungen von Gott und Seele," ib. 1869 ("Mythological Concepts of God and the Soul")
"Die dichterische Phantasie und der Mechanismus des Bewusstseins," ib. 1869 ("Poetic Fantasy and Mechanisms of Consciousness")
 Jüdische Schriften. Introduction by Franz Rosenzweig, edited by Bruno Strauss. Berlin, C. A. Schwetschke: 1924.
Excerpts have been published in English translation: Reason and Hope: Selections from the Jewish Writings of Hermann Cohen. Translated by Eva Jospe. Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College Press, 1993. (Originally published New York: Norton, 1971, in series: B'nai B'rith Jewish Heritage Classics, with additional material.)
Selected translations from the Jüdische Schriften are found in Part Two of Hermann Cohen: Writings on Neo-Kantianism and Jewish Philosophy (edited by Samuel Moyn and Robert S. Schine. The Brandeis Library of Modern Jewish Thought. Waltham, MA: Brandeis University Press, 2021). Part One presents chapters from Ethik des reinen Willens and Part Three essays on the interpretation of Cohen by Ernst Cassirer, Franz Rosenzweig and Alexander Altmann.
"Zur Kontroverse zwischen Trendelenburg und Kuno Fischer," ib. 1871 ("On the controversy between Trendelenburg and Kuno Fischer")
Kant's Theorie der Erfahrung, Berlin, 1871; 2d ed., 1885 ("Kant's Theory of Experience").
 [One central chapter of the 1885 edition is translated as 2015, "The Synthetic Principles," D. Hyder (trans.), in S. Luft (ed.), The Neo-Kantian Reader, Oxford: Routledge.]
Kant's Begründung der Ethik, Berlin, 1877 ("Kant's Foundations of Ethics")
"Platon's Ideenlehre und die Mathematik," Marburg, 1878 ("Mathematics and Theory of Platonic Ideals")
Das Prinzip der Infinitesimalmethode und seine Geschichte: ein Kapitel zur Grundlegung der Erkenntnisskritik, Berlin, 1883 ("The Principle of the Method of Infintesmals and its History: A Chapter Contributed to Critical Perception")
A short selection is translated as 2015, "Introduction," D. Hyder and L. Patton (trans.), in S. Luft (ed.), The Neo-Kantian Reader, Oxford: Routledge.
Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums. (1919, repr. Fourier: 1995)
Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism. Translated, with an introduction, by Simon Kaplan. Introductory essay by Leo Strauss. New York: F. Ungar, 1972.
"Spinoza über Staat und Religion, Judentum und Christentum" (1915).
Spinoza on State and Religion, Judaism and Christianity. Translated and with an introduction by Robert S. Schine. Jerusalem: Shalem Press, 2014.
"Von Kant's Einfluss auf die Deutsche Kultur," Berlin, 1883 ("On Kant's Influence on German Culture")
Kant's Begründung der Aesthetik, Berlin, 1889 ("Kant's Foundations of Aesthetics")
"Zur Orientierung in den Losen Blättern aus Kant's Nachlass," in "Philosophische Monatshefte," 1890, xx. ("An Orientation to the Loose Pages from Kant's Literary Estate")
"Leopold Schmidt," in "Neue Jahrbücher für Philologie und Pädagogik," 1896, cliv.

Notes

Further reading
 Bienenstock, Myriam. Cohen face à Rosenzweig. Débat sur la pensée allemande (Paris, Vrin, 2009)
 Bienenstock, Myriam, ed. Hermann Cohen: l'idéalisme critique aux prises avec le matérialisme (special issue of the journal Revue de métaphysique et de morale, ), edited by , Paris, PUF, 2011, 141 pages.
 Bruckstein, Almuth. Cohen's Ethics of Maimonides, translated with commentary, Madison, Wisc. 2004.
 Ephraim Chamiel, The Dual Truth, Studies on Nineteenth-Century Modern Religious Thought and its Influence on Twentieth-Century Jewish Philosophy, Academic Studies Press, Boston 2019, Vol II, pp. 289–308.
 Edgar, Scott. "Hermann Cohen," The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy  (Fall 2015 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.),	 URL = <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2015/entries/cohen/>.
 Giovanelli, Marco. "Hermann Cohen's Das Princip der Infinitesimal-Methode: The history of an unsuccessful book," Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science Part A, Vol. 58: pp. 9–23, 2016.
 Kaplan, Lawrence. "Hermann Cohen's Theory of Sacrifice", in: Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums. Tradition und Ursprungsdenken in Hermann Cohens Spätwerk (ed. Helmut Holzhey et al.), Hildesheim, 2000.
 Kohler, George Y. "Finding God's Purpose – Hermann Cohen's Use of Maimonides to Establish the Authority of Mosaic Law", in: Journal for Jewish Thought and Philosophy 18:1 (2010), 85–115.
 Kohler, George Y.: "Against the Heteronomy of Halacha – Hermann Cohen's Implicit Rejection of Kant's Critique of Judaism", in: Dinei Israel Yearbook, vol 32, 2018, p. 189-209.
 Morgain, Stéphane-Marie. Le Père Hermann Cohen (1820–1871) – Un romantique au Carmel, Parole et Silence, 2019.
 Moses, Stéphane, et al., (eds.) Hermann Cohen's Philosophy of Religion; International Conference in Jerusalem 1996, Hildesheim, 1997.
 Munk, Reiner. Hermann Cohen's Critical Idealism.  Dordrecht: Springer, 2005. .
 Patton, Lydia. Hermann Cohen's History and Philosophy of Science. Dissertation, McGill University. 2004.
 Patton, Lydia. "The Critical Philosophy Renewed: The Bridge Between Hermann Cohen's Early Work on Kant and Later Philosophy of Science," Angelaki 10 (1): 109–118. 2005.
 Piccinini, Irene Abigail. Una guida fedele. L'influenza di Hermann Cohen sul pensiero di Leo Strauss.  Torino: Trauben, 2007. .
 Schwarzschild, Steven. "Franz Rosenzweig's Anecdotes about Hermann Cohen", in: Gegenwart im Rückblick: Festgabe für die Jüdische Gemeinde zu Berlin 25 Jahre nach dem Neubeginn, ed. H. A. Strauss and K. R. Grossman, Heidelberg, 1970, S. 209–218.
 Schwarzschild, Steven. "The Democratic Socialism of Hermann Cohen", HUCA 27 (1956).
 Schwarzschild, Steven. "Germanism and Judaism - Hermann Cohen's Normative Paradigm of the German-Jewish Symbiosis", in: Jews and Germans from 1860 to 1933, ed. David Bronsen, Heidelberg 1979.
 Steinby, Lisa. "Hermann Cohen and Bakhtin's early aesthetics," Studies in East European Thought, 63,3 (2011), 227–249.
 Poma, Andrea. The Critical Philosophy of Hermann Cohen, Albany 1997.
 Poma, Andrea. "Hermann Cohen: Judaism and Critical Idealism", in: Michael L. Morgan and Peter Eli Gordon (eds.) The Cambridge Companion to Modern Jewish Philosophy, Cambridge 2007.
 Zank, Michael. The Idea of Atonement in the Philosophy of Hermann Cohen, Providence 2000.

External links

 Hermann-Cohen-Gesellschaft, promotes research on Hermann Cohen's work and help bring his philosophy to bear in the forum of current debate.
 Hermann Cohen Archives at the University of Zurich, Switzerland
 The Hermann Cohen Society of North America

 , JewishGates
 Digitized archival collection of Hermann Cohen at the Leo Baeck Institute, New York

1842 births
1918 deaths
People from Coswig, Saxony-Anhalt
People from Anhalt-Bernburg
German Jewish theologians
German philosophers
Jewish philosophers
Kantian philosophers
Philosophers of Judaism
German socialists
Jewish socialists
Spinoza scholars
Jewish ethicists
Academic staff of the University of Marburg

Hermann Cohen


Bartsia (vidac; lat. Bartsia), monotipski rod hemiparazitnih trajnica iz poroodice Orobanchaceae smješten u tribus Rhinantheae.

Jedina vrsta je planinska bartsia, nazivana i ljubičasti vidac, planinski vidac, ili samo vidac . Izvorni areal ove vrste je Europa do SZ. Sibira, Grenland, pa do središnje i istočne Kanade.

Planinska bartsia dobila je ime po pruskom liječniku J. Bartschu. U njegovu čast ime joj je dao Linnaeus.

Visina
10–30 cm (4–12 inča). Stabljika je bez grana, tamnoljubičasta, dlakava.

Cvijet
Vjenčić zigomorfan, 15-20 mm (0,6-0,8 in.) dug, tamnoljubičast (ponekad blijedožut), srastao, dvostruk, s dugom cijevi. Čaška 4-režnjevita. Prašnici 4. Ginecej srastao, jednostruk. Cvjetovi pojedinačni u pazušcima pricvjetnih listova koji se spuštaju. Njezina crvena pigmentacija odbija prekomjerno, štetno UV zračenje. Vrlo je teško pronaći bilo kakve nijanse zelene kod ove ljubičaste vrste, koja uspijeva na otvorenim, svijetlim mjestima.

Lišće
Nasuprotno, bez peteljke. Lopatica jajoliko eliptična, sa zaobljenim zupcima (crenate), tamnozelena, gornji sužeći brakteji tamnoljubičasti, povremeno zeleni.

Plod
Eliptičan, tamnosmeđ, 10 mm (0,4 in.), kapsula.

Stanište
Vlažne livade na obroncima, obale potoka, močvare .

Vrijeme cvatnje
Lipanj i srpanj.

Sinonimi
 Alicosta alpina (L.) Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 381 (1867)
 Bartsia alpina f. subimbricata Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 21: 198 (1914)
 Bartsia alpina var. jensenii Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 263 (1887)
 Bartsia alpina var. pallida Wormskjold ex Lange
 Bartsia carnea Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 12 (1844)
 Bartsia parviflora Charpent. ex Benth.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 10: 544 (1846)
 Bartsia parviflora E.Thomas; Cat. Pl. Suiss.: 6 (1837)
 Bartsia transsilvanica Gand.; Contrib. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 27 (1883)
 Bartsia urticoides Gand.; Contrib. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 27 (1883)
 Euphrasia alpina (L.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 1: 275 (1897)
 Rhinanthus alpinus (L.) Lam.; Fl. Fr. 2: 354 (1779)
 Staehelinia alpina (L.) Crantz; Stirp. Austr. ed. II. 294 (1769)

Izvori

Rhinantheae
Flora Hrvatske
Flora Europe
Flora Azije
Flora Sjeverne Amerike

Bartsia


El FC Dnepr Mogilev es un club de fútbol bielorruso de la ciudad de Mogilev. Fue fundado en 1960 y juega en la Primera Liga de Bielorrusia.

Nombres
 1960-63: Khimik Mogilev
 1963-73: Spartak Mogilev
 1973-98: Dnepr Mogilev
 1998-2006: absorve al Transmash Mogilev y pasa a ser Dnepr-Transmash Mogilev
 2006-actual: Dnepr Mogilev

Jugadores

Plantilla 2018

| colspan=7 bgcolor=skyblue style="color:white;" align=center|Porteros

|-
| colspan=7 bgcolor=skyblue style="color:white;" align=center|Defensores

|-
| colspan=7 bgcolor=skyblue style="color:white;" align=center|Mediocampistas

|-
| colspan=7 bgcolor=skyblue style="color:white;" align=center|Delanteros

Palmarés

Torneos nacionales

 Primera División de Bielorrusia (1):1998

Participación en competiciones de la UEFA

Véase también
 FC Dnyapro Mogilev

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial
 Dnepr-Transmash at UEFA.COM
 Dnepr-Transmash at EUFO.DE
 Dnepr-Transmash at Weltfussball.de
 Dnepr-Transmash at Playerhistory.com
 Dnepr-Transmash at Football-Lineups.com

Equipos de fútbol de Bielorrusia
Equipos de fútbol fundados en 1960
Equipos de fútbol que se han fusionado y fusiones
Unión Soviética en 1960
Deporte en Bielorrusia en 2019
Deporte en Maguilov

FC Dnepr Mogilev


Lise besøger sæteren er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1951.

Handling
Den danske pige Lise besøger sin norske veninde Asta, der bor på en gård oppe i Norge.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1951

Lise besøger sæteren


António Dinis da Cruz e Silva (* 1731 in Lissabon; † 5. Oktober 1799 in Rio de Janeiro) war ein portugiesischer Jurist und Dichter, der vor allem durch sein 1768 verfasstes und 1802 posthum erschienenes heldenhaft komisches, gesellschaftssatirisches Gedicht O Hissope bekannt wurde.

Leben

Studium, Jurist und Literat
Dinis, Sohn eines aus Lissabon stammenden und nach Brasilien eingewanderten Tischlers, studierte Latein und Philosophie bei der Kongregation des Oratoriums. 1747 begann er ein Studium der Rechtswissenschaften an der Universität Coimbra, wo er 1750 seine ersten Gedichte verfasste. Nach Beendigung des Studiums nahm er 1753 eine Tätigkeit als Rechtsanwalt in Lissabon auf, widmete aber große Teile seiner Zeit in den folgenden sechs Jahren seiner schriftstellerischen Arbeit.

1756 gehörte er zu den Begründern der Arcádia Lusitana, einer literarischen Gesellschaft in Lissabon, die sich um die Ausbildung ihrer Mitglieder, die Kultivierung der Kunst der Poesie und die Wiederherstellung des guten Geschmacks. Unter dem Einfluss der aufklärerischen französischen Literatur des 18. Jahrhunderts verfasste er unter dem Pseudonym Elpino Nonacriense in den nächsten Jahren sowohl Werke in Prosa als auch in Versform, ehe er im Februar 1760 die Gesellschaft verließ, um Richter in Castelo de Vide zu werden. Als er zu einem kurzen Besuch in Lissabon weilte, befand sich die Arcádia Lusitana in einer internen Krise, die 1774 schließlich zur Auflösung der Gesellschaft führte.

Sein literarisches Meisterwerk O Hissope

1764 wurde er Auditor von einem in Elvas stationiertem Regiment. Während seiner dortigen zehnjährigen Tätigkeit schloss er aufgrund seiner Belesenheit und Redekunst mit dem Gouverneur von Elvas und dem dortigen literarischen Zirkel.

Wie in den meisten Diözesen und Garnisonsstädten, dominierten auch in Elvas die klerikalen und militärischen Elemente die Gesellschaft, wobei in dem entfernten Provinzzentrum eine Feindschaft zwischen dem damaligen Bischof von Elvas Lourenço II. de Lencastre und dem Gouverneur sowie deren jeweiligen Anhängern bestand. Dinis verstand es diese unterschiedlichen Charaktere genau zu beobachten und gab deren Eitelkeiten, Intrigen und Ignoranz in seinem Meisterwerk O Hissope wieder.

Hintergrund war, dass es 1768 zu einer Auseinandersetzung zwischen dem Bischof, einem stolzen, anmaßenden Prälaten, und dem Diakon kam: Darin ging es um das Recht des Bischofs ging, Weihwasser vom letzteren an einer privaten Nebentür der Kathedrale zu bekommen, anstatt am Haupteingang. Dieses wurde zu einer Grundsatzfrage, da keiner von seinen Rechten zurücktreten wollte, so dass es zu einem Rechtsstreit kam, der die Stadt in zwei Lager spaltete. Diese stritten über die Argumente beider Seiten, und vergnügten sich über die lächerlichen Umstände, die den Disput begleiteten. Nachdem der Diakon verstorben war, wurde sein Neffe sein Nachfolger. Dieser klagte erfolgreich vor dem Königshof, so dass der Bischof seine Anmaßung aufgab.

O Hissope, das diese Ereignisse behandelte, wurde in 17 Tagen diktiert, und besteht in der in den Jahren 1770 bis 1772 überarbeiteten Version aus Gesängen (Cantos) von Blankversen. Der Druck des zu jener Zeit vorherrschenden Absolutismus ließ eine Darstellung der Ereignisse nur als Satire zu. Dinis verfasste ein originelles Werk, welches den Klerus und die vorherrschende Gallomanie verspottete, und Episoden voller Humor enthält.

Das Gedicht wurde mit dem komisch-heroischen Epos Le Lutrin Nicolas Boileau verglichen, weil sich beide auf kleinlich kirchlichen Streit begründen, wobei dies die einzige Ähnlichkeit ist.

1774 kehrte Dinis nach Lissabon zurück und versuchte eine Wiederbelebung der Arcádia Lusitana, die ihm allerdings misslang, da aufgrund seiner langen Abwesenheit sein Einfluss fehlte und auch frühere führende Mitglieder wie Pedro António Correia Garção und Domingos dos Reis Quita verstorben waren.

Richtertätigkeiten in Brasilien und Portugal
Im April 1776 kehrte er nach Brasilien zurück und wurde zum Richter am Appellationsgericht (Tribunal da relação) von Rio de Janeiro ernannt sowie mit dem Ritterorden von Avis ausgezeichnet. Neben seiner Richtertätigkeit befasste er sich mit Studien zur Naturgeschichte und Mineralogie Brasiliens.

1789 kehrte er nach Portugal zurück, wo er zunächst Richter am Appellationsgericht von Porto wurde, ehe er im Juli 1790 zum Richter am Casa da Supplicação wurde. Kurze Zeit später wurde er in dieser Funktion erneut nach Brasilien entsandt, um die Gerichtsverhandlungen gegen republikanische Aufständische in Minas Gerais zu unterstützen. Zu den Anführern dieser Inconfidência Mineira genannten Revolte gehörten Persönlichkeiten wie Tiradentes, Tomás Antônio Gonzaga, Cláudio Manuel da Costa und Inácio José de Alvarenga Peixoto.

Im Dezember 1792 erfolgte seine Berufung zum Kanzler des Appellationsgerichts von Rio de Janeiro und dann 1798 zum Mitglied des Überseerates (Conselho Ultramarino).

Weblinks

 Biografie, Arbeiten, Gedichte (Poemas & Poetas)
 Biografie (Os Grandes Elvenses)
 Biografie und Arbeiten (jayrus.art.br)

Literatur (Portugiesisch)
Literatur (18. Jahrhundert)
Lyrik
Autor
Richter (Portugal)
Rechtsanwalt (Portugal)
Träger des Ritterordens von Avis
Portugiese
Geboren 1731
Gestorben 1799
Mann

António Dinis da Cruz e Silva


USS Wilkinson (DL-5) was a Mitscher class destroyer in the United States Navy. She was named for Vice Admiral Theodore Stark "Ping" Wilkinson USN (1888–1946).

Wilkinson was laid down by the Shipbuilding Division of the Bethlehem Steel Company at Quincy in Massachusetts on 1 February 1950; originally designated DD-930, she was reclassified as a destroyer leader and designated DL-5 on 9 February 1951, launched on 23 April 1952 by Lady Catherine Moore, the former Mrs. Theodore S. Wilkinson and commissioned on 3 August 1954.

1955–1959

After shakedown training out of Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, and the usual post-shakedown availability, Wilkinson departed her home port, Newport, Rhode Island, on 21 February 1955—with Rear Admiral Arleigh Burke, Commander, Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet (and soon to become the Chief of Naval Operations) and members of his staff embarked—and carried Admiral Burke on an inspection tour that included visits to San Juan, Puerto Rico; St. Thomas, Virgin Islands; Guantánamo Bay and Havana, Cuba; and Key West, Fla. Upon her return, the destroyer leader became flagship for Commander, Destroyer Flotilla (DesFlot) 2, part of the Atlantic Fleet's antisubmarine forces. For three months thereafter, the ship conducted antisubmarine warfare (ASW) exercises.

On 11 July, Wilkinson—with 70 1st and 3d class NROTC midshipmen embarked—departed the east coast for a training cruise. During the ensuing voyage, the warship touched at Edinburgh, Scotland; Copenhagen, Denmark; and Guantánamo Bay, before returning to the United States on 2 September.

Wilkinson departed her home port on 24 October 1955 for air defense exercises in the Gulf of Mexico, with Commander, DesFlot 6 embarked. During that cruise, Wilkinson visited New Orleans and Havana, before she arrived back at Newport on 18 November. On 2 December, the ship entered the Boston Naval Shipyard for a five-month overhaul and the installation of improved 3 inch antiaircraft guns After successfully completing her sea trials for her newly installed 3 inch / 70 caliber battery, Wilkinson conducted underway training out of Guantánamo Bay. She later visited Port-au-Prince, Haiti; Charleston, S.C.; and Norfolk, Va.; before taking part in large-scale ASW maneuvers in June. The ship's performance during the fiscal year 1956 earned her the Battle Efficiency "E."

In July 1956, Wilkinson departed Newport, bound for San Diego, Calif., and duty with the Pacific Fleet. En route to her new home port, the frigate visited Havana; Balboa, Canal Zone; and Buena Ventura, Colombia; before she became flagship of Commander, Destroyer Squadron (DesRon) 17—the first ship of her type assigned to the Pacific Fleet.

Between August 1956 and March 1957, Wilkinson operated locally out of San Diego and took part in ASW, air defense, and amphibious exercises. One highlight of that period occurred on 14 September 1956, when Wilkinson headed a veritable "armada" of 70 fighting ships during a 1st Fleet review off Long Beach, in what some called the largest naval parade on the west coast in 22 years.

During March and April 1957, Wilkinson operated in the Bering Sea and the Aleutians, visiting Kodiak and Dutch Harbor, Alaska, en route to her operating area. While steaming back to San Diego, she touched at Esquimalt, British Columbia; Seattle, Wash.; and San Francisco. Later, during part of May, Rear Admiral Chester Wood, Commander, Cruiser-Destroyer Force, Pacific Fleet, embarked in Wilkinson for air defense and ASW exercises. In June, the warship visited Portland, Oreg., to take part in the annual Rose Festival activities.

Wilkinson'''s home port was changed from San Diego to Long Beach in July 1957, and the destroyer leader entered the naval shipyard there in February 1958 for extensive modifications to her power plant. Released from the yard in September, the destroyer leader conducted underway training out of San Diego and operated locally for the remainder of 1958.

In January 1959, Wilkinson deployed on her first Western Pacific (WestPac) cruise, visiting Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; Subic Bay, Philippines; Buckner Bay, Okinawa; Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and the Japanese ports of Yokpsuka and Kure, before she returned to Long Beach in March, embarking Commander, DesRon 19, upon arrival.

After again operating locally between April and October 1959, she participated in various exercises off the coast of California and in another 1st Fleet review. Wilkinson began her second WestPac deployment when she departed Long Beach in October. Coming under the operational control of Commander, 7th Fleet, Wilkinson took part in the Taiwan Strait patrol, ASW tactics, and various fast carrier task force operations in the Far East.

1960–1965

Returning to Long Beach in March 1960, Wilkinson entered the naval shipyard there for a five-month overhaul. During that period of repairs and alterations, the ship's Combat Information Center (CIC) was enlarged and modified; and a long-range air search radar was added. In addition, a DASH (Destroyer Anti-Submarine Helicopter—sometimes sardonically nicknamed the "Down at Sea Helicopter") system—was installed. This change increased Wilkinsons ASW capacity severalfold.

Following Wilkinson'''s departure from the shipyard in August 1960, she carried out six weeks of underway training out of San Diego. She operated locally during October and November and, after a month-long leave and upkeep period in December, was deployed to WestPac for the third time, departing Long Beach on 3 January 1961.

En route to the Far East, Wilkinson—a unit of Destroyer Division 191—visited Pearl Harbor; Midway; and Apra Harbor, Guam. In mid-March 1961, she headed for the South China Sea where an increased American naval presence was required by the Laotian crisis. After operating with a fast carrier task group almost continuously well into the spring, the destroyer leader departed WestPac on 12 May and reached Long Beach on the 27th.

She entered the Long Beach Naval Shipyard in June for the installation of improved sonar equipment, a task that continued into mid-1962. After refresher training (during which there were two fires, resulting in two deaths), the warship operated in Puget Sound for technical evaluation of her new sonar system and then returned south, down the coast, to work with submarines in the southern California operating area.

Following further local operations, Wilkinson departed Long Beach on 17 June 1963 to return to the Atlantic Fleet. Calling at the Mexican ports of Acapulco and Salina Cruz en route, Wilkinson transited the Panama Canal on 29 June and arrived at Newport on 5 July.

Within two weeks, Wilkinson was underway for sonar evaluation that continued until 8 December. During the operation, the ship visited Bermuda and New York City. The frigate subsequently made another operational evaluation of the sonar system from 1 July 1964 to 20 May 1965, at which time she reported to Commander, Cruiser-Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet. During that time, the ship operated in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean and along the continental shelf between Newport and New York. During the cruise, the ship visited Key West, Fla., and conducted type training in the Jacksonville, Fla., operating area while steaming back to Newport.

After a pre-overhaul tender availability, Wilkinson visited New York City for four days; off-loaded ammunition subsequently at Earle, N.J.; and proceeded to Boston for an overhaul which lasted until 5 February 1966.

1966–1970

After returning via Earle to Newport a little over a month later, Wilkinson sailed south to Cuban waters for refresher training—conducting those evolutions between 11 March and 28 April. While still at Guantanamo, on 8 April, the ship received orders at 03:10 to assist a burning freighter. Underway at 04:07, Wilkinson sped at flank speed to the scene of the disaster and, at 07:20, reached the stricken Norwegian passenger-freighter Viking Princess. A fire and rescue party from USCGC Cook Inlet (WAVP-384) had meanwhile boarded the blazing merchantman to fight her fires. At 08:09, Wilkinson began closing the Nationalist Chinese merchantman Chungking Victory to receive the surviving crew members of Viking Princess—a process completed by 09:14. The frigate took the 13 survivors back to Guantanamo where she arrived shortly before noon and disembarked the rescued mariners.

After departing Guantánamo Bay on 28 April, Wilkinson touched at San Juan, Puerto Rico, and reached Newport on 2 May. She remained in port until departing on the last day of the month, bound for Boston and an availability. During the ensuing overhaul, the ship received a number of repairs and alterations, including the final installation of new sonar equipment then being evaluated by the Navy. Briefly departing Boston on 15 August and again on 30 August, the frigate conducted sea trials and tested her sonar—during cruises lasting but a day or two—before she completed her availability and sailed for Newport on 31 August, reaching her home port the following day.

For the remainder of 1966, Wilkinson remained in port at Newport except for three periods of independent steaming exercises (ISEs)—from 6 to 9 September, from 23 to 26 September, and from 2 to 5 December. Underway on 15 January 1967, Wilkinson headed south to Argentine waters, subsequently taking part in the Argentinian naval review at Mar del Plata from 4 to 8 February on the occasion of the celebrations commemorating the sesquicentennial of Argentina's independence.

Returning to Newport on 5 March, Wilkinson then proceeded to the Bethlehem Steel Shipyard at East Boston, Mass., where she received a data acquisition system for her sonar equipment. She returned—via Stamford, Conn., where she participated in Veteran's Day memorial services—to Newport on 4 May.

Later that month, Wilkinson sailed for Montreal, Canada, where she served as part of the United States exhibit during "United States Week," from 21 to 28 May, at the world's fair, Expo 67. Highlighting Wilkinsons stay at Montreal was a surprise visit to the exposition by President Lyndon B. Johnson. During the ceremonies at the United States exhibit, Wilkinson men served as Presidential Honor Guard.

Returning to Newport on 1 June, Wilkinson continued further sonar evaluations into the summer and fall months of 1967, operating primarily out of Newport but also east of the Bahamas. Between her periods at sea were times in port for tender availabilities and type training in the Narragansett Bay operating area.

The ship put into Port Everglades to take on fuel on 3 October and was standing back out on the 5th when a weak cleat snapped while the motor whaleboat was being secured for sea. The whiplash of the line struck a sailor, injuring both of his legs and requiring immediate medical attention beyond that which the ship could provide. Wilkinson immediately headed back to Port Everglades at flank speed, radioing ahead for a boat to pick up the injured seaman. A torpedo retriever boat, sent put by the Naval Ordnance Laboratory and Test Facility, took the man on board to a waiting ambulance at pierside. The seaman was then taken to Homestead Air Force Base hospital where he was treated for fractures of both legs.

After the incident, Wilkinson returned to sea and conducted further sonar tests—in company with Grouper (AGSS-214)—before the frigate visited Freeport, Grand Bahama, from 11 to 13 October. Proceeding back to Newport soon thereafter, Wilkinson reached her home port on the 25th but soon headed south for repairs at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard. She returned to her home port on 21 December.

Beginning 1968 in-port at Newport, Wilkinson spent much of the rest of the year conducting further technical evaluation of sonar equipment in the Bahamas, interspersed with type training in the Mayport operating area and in-port periods at Newport. After a pre-overhaul period of availability alongside Yosemite (AD-19), Wilkinson entered the Boston Naval Shipyard on 13 September for her regular overhaul that rounded out the year and lasted into June 1969.

Following her sea trials, Wilkinson got underway for Narragansett Bay for sonar tests, before she set course for Earle, N.J., to load ammunition in preparation for refresher training. Late in July, the frigate visited New York City from 25 to 28 July before she shifted to Newport on the latter date. She remained in her home port for almost a month, conducting a dependents' cruise in Narragansett Bay operating areas on the 22d. It was during that cruise that the ship's commanding officer announced that Wilkinson was to be decommissioned as part of a cut back in military expenses.

Fate
With the cancellation of all her previous schedules, Wilkinson shifted to the Boston Navy Yard's South Boston Annex to commence inactivation on 3 September. Shifting to the Naval Inactive Ship Facility at Philadelphia on the 22d, Wilkinson was decommissioned on 19 December 1969 and placed in reserve.

Wilkinson was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 May 1974 and sold for scrap to Luria Brothers and Company, Incorporated, of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania on 13 June 1975.

As of 2012, no other ships in the United States Navy have borne this name.

References

External links
 destroyerleaderassociation.org: USS Wilkinson

Mitscher-class destroyers
Cold War destroyers of the United States
Ships built in Quincy, Massachusetts
1952 ships

USS Wilkinson


Daniel Caggiani Gómez (Montevideo, 20 de julio de 1983) es un político uruguayo perteneciente al Movimiento de Participación Popular (MPP), Frente Amplio, y actualmente Senador de la República por el Espacio 609 tras el fallecimiento del exministro Eduardo Bonomi. Desde el año 2011 hasta su asunción como Senador en marzo de 2022 se desempeñó como diputado en representación del Departamento de Montevideo. Durante el 2019 ejerció la presidencia del Parlasur.

Biografía
Sus estudios primarios los realizó en la Escuela n.º 105 "Carlos Vaz Ferreira" del barrio Solís, en Montevideo. La secundaria la cursó en el Liceo n.º 18, hasta completar el ciclo básico y el bachillerato lo estudió en el Liceo IBO. Ha realizado estudios de profesorado de Historia en el Instituto de Profesores Artigas y de la Licenciatura en Desarrollo, en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de la República).

Trayectoria política
Comenzó su militancia en el liceo 18. Durante el período comprendido entre 2006 y 2011 se desempeñó como asesor en la Dirección del Departamento de Desarrollo Económico e Integración Regional de la Intendencia Departamental de Montevideo.

Milita en el Movimiento de Participación Popular (MPP) desde 1998, del cual integró la Dirección Departamental de Montevideo, y donde actualmente integra su Dirección Nacional y su Comité Ejecutivo. En las elecciones de 2009 resultó elegido Representante Nacional por el Departamento de Montevideo por el Espacio 609 del Frente Amplio.

En las elecciones presidenciales y legislativas realizadas el 26 de octubre de 2014 fue reelecto como Representante Nacional por Montevideo por el Espacio 609 para integrar la legislatura que comenzó el 15 de febrero de 2015. Una vez más es reelecto en octubre de 2019, para el periodo 2020-2025.

En marzo de 2022, asume la banca en lugar del exministro Eduardo Bonomi, fallecido en febrero del mismo año, continuando el trabajo en las comisiones de Asuntos Internacionales, Asuntos Laborales y Seguridad Social, Inteligencia, Deporte y Juventud, Medio Ambiente, y Transporte y Obras Públicas.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Montevideo Portal. "Daniel Caggiani, "

Nacidos en Montevideo
Diputados de Uruguay por Montevideo
Políticos del Frente Amplio (Uruguay)
Ítalo-uruguayos
Parlamentarios del Mercosur por Uruguay

Daniel Caggiani


Kontinuitetsklipning er en almindelig brugt klippeteknik i de fleste film. Metoden, der også er kendt som "usynlig klipning", gør, at seeren oplever filmen som en flydende billedstrøm. Kontinuitetsklipning bruges ofte på en måde, så seeren ikke lægger mærke til, at der bliver klippet og har gerne den effekt at filmforløbet (eller scene) fremstår som et sammenhængende handlingsforløb.

Referencer

Film- og videoteknologi
Filmæstetik

Kontinuitetsklipning


Xavier Rudd (born 29 May 1978) is an Australian singer, songwriter, musician, and multi-instrumentalist. Several of Rudd's songs incorporate socially conscious themes, such as spirituality, humanity, environmentalism and the rights of Indigenous Australians.

Early life
Xavier Rudd grew up in Jan Juc, near Torquay, Victoria. He attended St Joseph's College, Geelong. His maternal grandfather was Dutch, born in Tilburg, a town in the Netherlands, before migrating to Australia. One of his grandmothers was from an Irish potato-growing family and grew up in Colac, Victoria. Rudd claims to be of Aboriginal, Irish and Scottish heritage, furthermore mentioning being of Wurundjeri ancestry, and that one of his great grandmothers was an Aboriginal Australian, and her child (Rudd's paternal grandmother) was taken away from her.

Rudd showed a keen interest in music growing up in a family of seven children. While in primary school, Rudd used his mother's vacuum cleaner as a makeshift didgeridoo and began playing his brother's guitar. He also played saxophone and clarinet as a child.

As a child, Rudd sold recycled wood through his own furniture business. Immediately after finishing school, Rudd traveled to Fiji. He lived in villages around the country for nine months, returning to Australia at age 19.

Career

1998–2002: early career to debut studio album
Before launching his solo career, Rudd began playing music as part of the band 'Xavier and the Hum'. He drew inspiration from artists such as Leo Kottke, Ben Harper, Natalie Merchant and multi-instrumentalist David Lindley, as well as music from diverse sources such as Hawaiian and Native American music. His music first took him overseas when he traveled to Whistler, British Columbia—Rudd was in a band and would play each night after a day of snowboarding.

Rudd was in Canada when the September 11 attacks happened. Rudd felt "spun out" watching the American media coverage, including graphic imagery of the destruction of the World Trade Center. Rudd wrote the song 12 September, which would feature on his first studio album To Let, about the day after the attacks. In 2006, discussing the song, Rudd said:

2003–2005: Solace to Food in the Belly
In 2004, Rudd released Solace, his first album to be distributed by a major label—Universal Music Australia. Rather than inviting guest artists to join him on the record, Rudd performed all the instrumentation for the album alone with only a few overdubs. Instruments included didgeridoos, slide guitars, stomp boxes, djembe drums, slit drums, and the harmonica. In his live show, Rudd came to be renowned for his 'one-man band' performances.

Rudd recorded Food in the Belly in mid-2004 whilst on break from an extensive North American tour. The recording was made in May 2004 at Bowen Island, part of the Greater Vancouver Regional District.

2007: White Moth
The song White Moth was written about a moth that followed Rudd's son Joaquin for several hours on his mother's 30th birthday. Rudd thought it was the spirit of his then wife's grandmother. Rudd and his family were holidaying to celebrate the occasion on an island off Sri Lanka.

In 2007, Rudd partnered with Clif Bar's GreenNotes program to create the "Better People Campaign". The campaign was about expressing gratitude to the people in the world taking steps to make positive change.

2008–2011: Dark Shades of Blue to collaboration with Izintaba
"Black Water" the first track on Rudd's 2008 album Dark Shades of Blue was named after one of Lutken-Rudd's paintings. The album saw Rudd introduce a heavier sound, using electric guitars in place of acoustic guitars and creating darker more somber tones. He recorded with Dave Tolley, a percussionist drummer, who he had previously collaborated with for White Moth and Food in the Belly.

Reflecting on Dark Shades of Blue, Rudd told media he felt the heavier sound was a "precursor for things that might come... I feel like my music is ahead of me all the time. Rudd was referring to his and Lutken's divorce, which was finalised in 2009.

After the failure of his marriage, Rudd was supported in his grief and recovery by new South African bandmates, bassist Tio Moloantoa and percussionist Andile Nqubezelo. Rudd had met Moloantoa and Nqubezelo performing at the 2008 Wiesen Nuke Festival. Rudd described his connection with Moloantoa and Nqubezelo as musical, spiritual and emotional—"I feel like they were sent to me," he said.

In 2010 Rudd bought 20 hectares of property at Koonyum Range, Mullumbimby, the location was the inspiration for the name of the album Rudd would release with Moloantoa and Nqubezelo, Koonyum Sun. The album moved away from the heavier sound of Dark Shades of Blue to a more up-beat style.

2012: Spirit Bird
In 2011, Rudd underwent emergency back surgery, to repair three herniated disks, bone spurs and nerve damage. Rudd wrote the track Comfortable in My Skin, on his 2012 album Spirit Bird, when he was suffering from major nerve pain before his surgery. In its entirety, the album sampled 30 species of Australian birds.

The song Spirit Bird came about after an encounter Rudd had with a red-tailed black cockatoo in the Kimberley. The encounter coincided with Rudd experiencing a powerful rush of imagery and emotion.

2015: Rudd joins with the United Nations
Nanna, the 2015 album Rudd released in collaboration with the United Nations, champions cultural understanding and condemns racism and intolerance. To record the album, Rudd and the United Nations worked with producer Errol Brown. In an interview published in The Aspen Times, Rudd shared that Nanna had given him a chance to focus on his vocal performance. He said that he had never really liked his voice before and vocals were often little more than an afterthought, but by 2016 was embracing it.

The song "Shame" on Nanna was inspired by conversations about racism surrounding AFL player Adam Goodes, an Aboriginal football player who was repeatedly booed at matches. Rudd had previously declared his support for Goodes addressing the AFL Players' Association 2014 Season Launch. At the time of writing the song "Creancient" for the album, Rudd was working with a Shaman in Peru. He participated in several ceremonies, including one that involved vomiting and experiencing hallucinations and another involving mud bathing. Rudd described the song as something that flowed out of him over a week while he felt like he was outside of himself, looking at his ego from a distance.

In late 2015, Rudd was forced to cut his North American tour for Nanna short to have disc replacement and fusion surgery in his lower back, having experienced chronic pain over several months.

In November 2015, Rudd's song "Let Me Be" featured in an Australian TV commercial promoting KFC, a large fast food restaurant chain specialising in factory farmed fried chicken. Many fans used social media to complain about the inclusion of the song on the commercial. PETA responded that they hoped that Rudd had not approved the use of his music for the advertising.

2021: new deal and Jan Juc Moon
In April 2021, it was announced Rudd had signed with newly rebranded Virgin Music Australia. On 17 June 2021, Rudd released "Stoney Creek", the lead single from his forthcoming tenth studio album.

In January 2022, Rudd released "Ball and Chain", the third single from his tenth studio album, Jan Juc Moon.

Rudd won the 2022 Environmental Music Prize for the 2021 single "Stoney Creek".

In July 2023, Rudd released the single "Road Trippin'".

Personal life
Rudd often likes to spend time in the Australian bush, championing the traditional Aboriginal Australian way of life. His songs include stories of the mistreatment of the Indigenous people of his homeland. Rudd has taken part in several Aboriginal ceremonies. In 2003, he was adopted into the Dhuwa mob (one of two moieties of the Yolngu people) in northeast Arnhem Land. He has also spent time with people from several North American indigenous groups—the Cree, Mohawk and Iroquois.

Rudd is a keen surfer, having started when he was five or six years old, and says at times surfing inspires his music. He also enjoys snowboarding, one of the few activities he wears shoes for.

When asked about his religious beliefs, Rudd has said "I'm not religious in the sense that I don't believe in a God and I don't follow the tenets of organised churches, but I believe in nature and everything that surrounds me: I love Earth, the sun, the sea and animals. Music is my only church."

Family
Rudd was formerly married to Marci Lutken, an artist from Canada. They met when she was backpacking in Fitzroy, Victoria, in 1999. The two married soon after and had two sons. Rudd obtained Canadian dual citizenship. The marriage ended in 2009.

Rudd is married to Ashley Freeman-Rudd, an Australian former model, and dancer and holistic wellness trainer. They were married in a Byron Bay wedding ceremony and now live in the Shire of Noosa with their two children.

Vegetarianism
 Rudd became a vegetarian after passing Harris Ranch, California's largest factory farm, during a United States tour. Rudd described in an interview with PETA how the experience made him change his diet, saying:

Rudd was nominated for PETA's annual "World's Sexiest Vegetarian Celebrity" award in 2007. In 2008, PETA named him sexiest Australian male vegetarian.

Activism and causes
In February 2009, Rudd performed at a public rally in opposition to residential development in Torquay.

Rudd received the 'Rock the Boat Award' in 2009 for his support of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society. Rudd is friends with Canadian environmentalist Paul Watson, who founded Sea Shepherd. In January 2010, Rudd was one of the last passengers aboard Sea Shepherd ship Ady Gil, days before it sank after a collision with the MV Shōnan Maru 2 Japanese whaling security vessel.

In 2012, Rudd was outspoken against Colin Barnett's plan to open up the Kimberley to mining operations. He joined the Save the Kimberley movement to save James Price Point.

Working with volunteer organisations Surf for Life and Waves of Hope, Rudd worked alongside other volunteers to build a high school in northern Nicaragua in late 2013.

In 2014, Rudd performed at the Bentley (unrelated to the car company of the same name) anti-gas blockade campsite, in support of the Lock the Gate Alliance. He had previously travelled to the Doubtful Creek coal-seam gas test drilling site in February 2013 to voice his concerns about the gas drilling, saying: "Our government is hopeless, ruthless and toxic in terms of protecting our land." The protestor's actions at the Bentley Blockade, where they blocked the delivery of oil- and gas-drilling equipment for weeks, led the New South Wales Government to suspend Metgasco's drilling licence.

In 2015, Rudd was criticised for selling the rights to his song "Let me Be" to the multi-national company KFC, well known for their factory-farmed chicken, in a television advertisement. The advertising campaign was widely criticised by fans, and the absence of a response or explanation by Rudd served to undermine his integrity relative to his activism.

Live performances
Rudd has become a known name at music festivals worldwide including the Bonnaroo Music Festival, the High Sierra Music Festival (2004 and 2007) and the Wakarusa Music and Camping Festival (2005), moe.down (2003), Summer Sonic, Lowlands, Rock Werchter, and others. He has toured with artists including Jack Johnson, Dave Matthews, Ben Harper, Good Old War, G. Love & Special Sauce, and Rodrigo y Gabriela.

Discography

Studio albums

Live albums

Awards and nominations

AIR Awards
The Australian Independent Record Awards (commonly known informally as AIR Awards) is an annual awards night to recognise, promote and celebrate the success of Australia's independent music sector.

|-
| AIR Awards of 2012
|Spirit Bird
| Best Independent Blues and Roots Album
|
|-

APRA Awards
The APRA Awards are held in Australia and New Zealand by the Australasian Performing Right Association to recognise songwriting skills, sales and airplay performance by its members annually.

!
|-
| 2013
| "Follow the Sun"
| Song of the Year
|
|
|-
| 2019
| "Walk Away"
| Song of the Year
|
|
|-
| 2022
| "Stoney Creek"
| Most Performed Blues and Roots Work
|
|
|-
| 2023
| "We Deserve to Dream"
| Most Performed Blues and Roots Work
|
|
|-

ARIA Music Awards
The ARIA Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of Australian music. Rudd has been nominated for five awards.

|-
| scope="row" rowspan="2"| 2004
| rowspan="2"| Solace
| ARIA Award for Breakthrough Artist – Album
|
|-
| ARIA Award for Best Blues and Roots Album
|
|-
| 2006
| Food in the Belly
| Best Blues and Roots Album
|
|-
| 2007
| White Moth
| Best Blues and Roots Album
|
|-
| 2010
| Koonyum Sun
| ARIA Award for Best World Music Album
|
|-

Environmental Music Prize
The Environmental Music Prize is a quest to find a theme song to inspire action on climate and conservation. It commenced in 2022.

!
|-
| 2023
| "Stoney Creek"
| Environmental Music Prize
|
|
|-

National Indigenous Music Awards
The National Indigenous Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony that recognises the achievements of Indigenous Australians in music. The award ceremony commenced in 2004. Electric Fields have won one award from four nominations.

!
|-
| rowspan="1"| 2022
| "Ball and Chain" (featuring J-Milla)
| Song of the Year
|
|
|-

References

External links

 Guitar International: Interview with Xavier Rudd

1978 births
Living people
Australian male singer-songwriters
Australian singer-songwriters
Australian blues guitarists
Australian male guitarists
Australian folk singers
Didgeridoo players
Australian people of Dutch descent
Australian people of Irish descent
Musicians from Victoria (state)
Slide guitarists
Weissenborn players
21st-century Australian singers
21st-century guitarists
21st-century Australian male singers
Australian atheists
Anti- (record label) artists
Fontana Records artists
Australian harmonica players

Xavier Rudd


بنك نورثرن روك وهو واحد من أكبر البنوك البريطانية تأسس عام 1965 وعدد موظفيه أكثر من 6000 موظف عائده سنة 2006 5 مليار جنيه استرليني اسهم البنك كانت مدرجو بمؤشر فوتسي 100 ولكن في ديسمبر 2007 حولت اسهمه لمؤشر فوتسي 250 في بورصة لندن وذلك بسبب خسائره.

أزمة الرهن العقاري وانهيار البنك
عندما وقعت أزمة الرهن العقاري الأمريكية في 2007 تأثر البنك بشدة وسجل خسائر قوية واعطته الحكومة البريطانية قروض وسيولة لتجنب انهياره لكنها لن تجدي نفعا فاعلنت الحكومة البريطانية صباح يوم 22 فبراير 2008 عن تأميمها للبنك .

مراجع

إنجلترا الشمالية
بنوك انحلت في 2012
بنوك أسست في 1965
بنوك سابقة في المملكة المتحدة
شركات المملكة المتحدة
شركات بريطانية أسست في 1965
شركات كانت مدرجة في سوق لندن للأوراق المالية
شركات مقرها في نيوكاسل أبون تاين

بنك نورثرن روك


An Corynotheca lateriflora in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Robert Brown, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Ferdinand von Mueller och George Bentham. An Corynotheca lateriflora in nahilalakip ha genus nga Corynotheca, ngan familia nga Xanthorrhoeaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Corynotheca

Corynotheca lateriflora


Sefaretnâme, özellikle Osmanlı Devleti döneminde, bir dış merkeze sefir (elçi) olarak atanan kişinin, döneminin siyaset ve diplomasisine ve bu arada da sefirlik görevinde bulunduğu şehrin ve ülkenin güncel hayatına ilişkin izlenim ve görüşlerini kitap şeklinde bir araya getirdiği eserdir.

Divan edebiyatının çoğunlukla nesir şeklinde kaleme alınan önemli türlerinden biri olan sefaretnameler, aynı zamanda Osmanlı modernleşme ve diplomasi tarihinin önemli belgeleri arasındadırlar.

İlk örneklerine, genellikle 17. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından sonraki dönemde rastlanmış, aralarında oldukça fazla ilgi uyandırmış ve manzum örnekleri de bulunan bu eserlerin sayıları özellikle 18. yüzyılda yani Osmanlı'nın yavaş yavaş Batı'ya yönelişinin arttığı dönemlerde daha da çoğalmıştır. Sefaretnâme türündeki bilinen ilk vesika Avusturya'ya gönderilen Hacı Zağanos'un raporudur. Bu rapor Fatih döneminin ilk on yılına rastlar. Kimi kaynaklar, Kara Mehmet Çelebi'nnin Viyana Sefaretnâmesi'ni ilk sefaretname örneği sayar. Sefaretnâmelerin sonuncusu ise İran'da 1872-77 yılları arasında elçilik yapan Mehmed Tahir Münif Paşa'nın risalesidir.  En tanınmış örnekleri Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi ve Ahmed Resmi Efendi'nin sefaretnameleridir.

Gözlem ve edebiyat yönünden ziyade, üstlenilmiş görev üzerinde yoğunlaşmış rapor özelliği olanlar "takrir" şeklinde anılırlar. Elçilerin gezip gördükleri yerlerin idarî, sosyal, askerî, kültürel ve teknik hayatları; maarif, sanayi ve medeniyet seviyeleri hakkında bilgiler verenler "genel sefaretname" şeklinde adlandırılır.  Sefaretname ve takrirler,  ait oldukları dönem hakkında verdikleri bilgilerin günümüz bakış açısının oluşturulmasına sağladıkları katkının yanı sıra, 18. yüzyılda Osmanlı Devleti'nin reform arayışları süreci içinde kayda değer bir tarihi önem de arz etmişler, bu arayışlara kaynak oluşturmuşlardır. Çoğunlukla resimlendirilmiş lerdir.

Sayıları kırkın üzerinde olan sefaretnamelerin bir kısmı sonradan tarihçiler ya da vakanüvisler tarafından kaynak olarak kullanılmış ve bazıları da yayımlanmıştır. Yirmisekiz Mehmet Çelebi'nin Paris  Sefâretnâmesi orta öğretim ders kitaplarına girerek öğrencilere de sunulmuştur.

Günümüzde diplomatlar tarafından yazılmış anı kitapları sefaretname türünün uzantısı sayılabilir.

Başlıca sefaretnameler
 Kara Mehmed Çelebi'nin Viyana Sefaretnâmesi (1665),
 Zülfikar Paşa'nın "Mükaleme Takriri" (Viyana sefaretnâmesi) (1688-1692),
 İbrahim Paşa'nın Viyana sefaretnâmesi (1719),
 Yirmisekiz Mehmed Çelebi'nin Fransa Sefaretnamesi (1720),
 Ahmed Dürri Efendi'nin İran sefaretnâmesi (1721),
 Nişli Mehmed Ağa'nın Rusya sefaretnâmesi (1722-1723),
 Mehmed Efendi'nin Lehistan sefaretnâmesi (1730),
 Yirmisekizzade Mehmed Said Paşa'nın İsveç, Lehistan ve Rusya takriri (1732-1733),
 Salim Efendi'nin Hindistan sefaretnâmesi (1744-1749),
 Mustafa Nazif Efendi'nin İran sefaretnâmesi (1746),
 Hatti Mustafa Efendi'nin Nemçe sefaretnâmesi (1748),
 Ahmed Resmî Efendi'nin Berlin sefaretnâmesi (1763-1764),
 Seyyid İsmail Efendi'nin Fas sefaret takriri (1785-1786),
 Alemdar Mehmed Ağa'nın Buhara sefaretnâmesi (1787-1791),
 Vasıf Efendi'nin İspanya sefaretnâmesi (1787-1788),
 Ebubekir Ratip Efendi'nin Avusturya sefaretnâmesi (1791-1792),
 Yusuf Agâh Efendi'nin Havadisname-i İngiltere sefaretnâmesi (1793-1796),
Yasincizade Abdülvehhab Efendi'nin İran Sefaretnamesi (1811),
 Mehmed Sadık Rıfat Paşa'nin İtalya sefaretnâmesi (1838),
 Abdürrezzak Bahir Efendi'nin Paris-Londra sefaretnâmesi (1845),

Kaynakça

 Türk tarihi

Osmanlı edebiyatı

Sefâretnâme


Olaylar
 1788 - New Hampshire, ABD Anayasasını onaylayarak 9. Eyalet olarak birliğe katıldı.
 1908 - Londra'da 200 bin kadın, seçme ve seçilme hakkı için yürüdü.
 1920 - Zonguldak havzasında 1848'de açılan kömür ocaklarını Belçikalı ve Fransız şirketler işletmekteydi. I. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra 1919 yılında Fransız askerleri, şirketlerinin haklarını korumak bahanesiyle önce Zonguldak'ı, ardından da Karadeniz Ereğli'yi işgal etti. Ancak Zonguldak ve çevresindeki Müdafaa-i Hukuk Cemiyetleri'ne bağlı güçlerin karşı koymasıyla tehlikeye düşmüşler ve 21 Haziran 1920'de de bölgeyi terk etmişlerdir.
 1921 - Sakarya'nın düşman işgalinden kurtuluşu.
 1921 - Zonguldak'ın düşman işgalinden kurtuluşu.
 1927 - Küçükleri Muzır Neşriyattan Koruma Kanunu, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisinde kabul edildi.
 1934 - Soyadı Kanunu kabul edildi.
 1934 - Türkiye'de Yahudilere karşı gerçekleştirilen Trakya Olayları başladı.
 1940 - Devlet Opera ve Balesi ilk temsilini verdi: Mozart'tan "Bastien ile Bastienne".
 1941 - II. Dünya Savaşı: Almanya, geceleyin Sovyetler Birliği'ni işgale girişti.
 1942 - II. Dünya Savaşı: Tobruk, İtalyan ve Alman kuvvetlerinin eline geçti.
 1942 - II. Dünya Savaşı: Oregon'da Kolumbiya Nehri yakınlarında yüzeye çıkan, Japon millî denizaltısı "Fort Stevens" askeri üssüne doğru 17 top atışı yaptı. Bu Japonların tüm savaş boyunca Amerikan ana karasına gerçekleştirdiği doğrudan birkaç saldırıdan biriydi.
 1945 - II. Dünya Savaşı: Okinawa Muharebesi sona erdi.
 1946 - Türkiye Garanti Bankası Kuruluş Kanunu kabul edildi.
 1946 - Rize Çay Fabrikası'nın temeli atıldı.
 1948 - "Manchester Baby" (SSEM) kod adlı bir program, bir bilgisayarın kendi elektronik hafızasında depolanarak, oradan çalıştırılan ilk bilgisayar programı olma unvanını kazandı.
 1948 - Columbia Records plak şirketi, ilk Long Play (LP) müzik albümünün tanıtımını New York'ta "Waldorf-Astoria" Oteli'nde geçekleştirdi.
 1976 - Rauf Denktaş, yeniden Kıbrıs Türk Federe Devleti Devlet Başkanlığı'na seçildi.
 1982 - ABD Başkanı Ronald Reagan'a suikast teşebbüsünde bulunan John Hinckley, mahkeme tarafından akli dengesi yerinde olmadığı için suçsuz bulundu.
 1990 - İran'da 7,3 şiddetindeki depremde, 50 bin kişi öldü.
 2006 - Plüton'un yeni keşfedilen uydularına Nix ve Hydra adları verildi.
 2008 - MEB'in hazırlamış olduğu 6. sınıf SBS ilk kez yapıldı.
 2020 - Güneş tutulması gerçekleşti.

Doğumlar
 1002 - IX. Leo, doğum adı Bruno of Eguisheim-Dagsburg, 12 Şubat 1049 tarihinden ölümüne kadar Papalık yapmıştır (ö. 1054)
 1528 - Maria, Kutsal Roma imparatoriçesi (ö. 1603)
 1774 - Daniel D. Tompkins, Amerikalı siyasetçi (ö. 1825)
 1781 - Simeon Denis Poisson, Fransız matematikçi ve fizikçi (ö. 1840)
 1792 - Ferdinand Christian Baur, Alman teolog ve ahit eleştirmeni (ö. 1860)
 1811 - Carlo Matteucci, İtalyan nörofizyolog ve siyasetçi (ö. 1868)
 1814 - Théodore Frère, Fransız ressam (ö. 1888)
 1823 - Jean Chacornac, Fransız astronom (ö. 1873)
 1839 - Machado, Brezilyalı yazar (ö. 1908)
 1859 - Henry Ossawa Tanner, Amerikalı sanatçı (ö. 1937)
 1882 - Lluís Companys, Katalan siyasetçi (ö. 1940)
 1884 - Claude Auchinleck, Britanyalı mareşal (ö. 1981)
 1891 - Pier Luigi Nervi, İtalyan inşaat mühendisi (ö. 1979)
 1902 - Skip James, Amerikalı Delta blues şarkıcısı, gitaristi, piyanisti ve şarkı sözü yazarı (ö. 1969)
 1905 - Jacques Goddet, Fransız spor muhabiri (ö. 2000)
 1905 - Jean-Paul Sartre, Fransız yazar ve filozof (ö. 1980)
 1908 - William Frankena, Amerikalı ahlak felsefecisidir (ö. 1994)
 1914 - William Vickrey, Amerikalı-Kanadalı Nobel Ödüllü ekonomist (ö. 1996)
 1919 - Anna Arena, İtalyan sinema oyuncusu
 1921 - Judy Holliday, Amerikalı aktris, komedyen ve şarkıcıydı (ö. 1965)
 1921 - Jane Russell, Amerikalı sinema oyuncusu (ö. 2011)
 1924 - Ezzatolah Entezami, İranlı oyuncu (ö. 2018)
 1925 - Giovanni Spadolini, İtalyan politikacı (ö. 1994)
 1925 - Maureen Stapleton, Amerikalı oyuncu (ö. 2006)
 1928 - Margit Bara, Macar sinema oyuncusu (ö. 2016)
 1929 - Abdel Halim Hafez, Mısırlı şarkıcı ve aktör (ö. 1977)
 1929 - Ana Novac, Rumen yazar (ö. 2010)
 1932 - Lalo Schifrin, Piyanist ve kompozitördür
 1935 - Françoise Sagan, Fransız yazar (ö. 2004)
 1940 - Mariette Hartley, Amerikalı bir aktris
 1944 - Tony Scott, İngiliz film yönetmeni (ö. 2012)
 1947 - Çetin Alp, Türk pop müziği sanatçısı (ö. 2004)
 1947 - Şirin Ebâdî, İranlı avukat, yazar, insan hakları savunucusu
 1947 - Fernando Savater, İspanyol filozof ve yazardır
 1948 - Ian McEwan, Man Booker Ödülü sahibi İngiliz roman yazarı
 1948 - Andrzej Sapkowski, Polonyalı fantastik roman yazarı
 1950 - Joey Kramer, ABD'li bir müzisyen
 1952 - Kōichi Mashimo, Japon film yönetmeni
 1953 - Benazir Butto, Pakistanlı siyasi lider (ö. 2007)
 1954 - Alev Oraloğlu, Türk tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu
 1954 - Mustapha Ourrad, Cezayir asıllı Fransız yayıncı ve editör (ö. 2015)
 1954 - Müjde Ar, Türk sinema ve dizi oyuncusu
 1954 - Nur Sürer, Türk sinema, dizi ve tiyatro oyuncusu
 1955 - Michel Platini, Fransız futbolcu, teknik direktör ve UEFA Başkanlarından
 1959 - Tom Chambers, ABD'li basketbolcudur
 1959 - Nimr Bakır el-Nimr, Şii din adamı, şeyh ve ayetullah (ö. 2016)
 1960 - Karl Erjavec, Sloven siyasetçi
 1961 - Manu Chao, İspanyol asıllı Fransız şarkıcı
 1961 - Sascha Konietzko, Alman müzisyen ve yapımcı
 1961 - Joko Widodo, Endonezya'nın 7. cumhurbaşkanı olan Endonezyalı siyasetçi
 1962 - Pipilotti Rist, film ve video sanatçı
 1962 - Viktor Tsoy, Sovyetler Birliği'nin rock müzik sanatçısı (ö. 1990)
 1963 - Gōshō Aoyama, Japon manga yazarı
 1963 - Dario Marianelli, Altın Küre ve Akademi Ödülü kazanmış İtalyan besteci
 1964 - David Morrissey, İngiliz aktör ve film yönetmeni
 1964 - Doug Savant, Amerikalı oyuncu
 1965 - Yang Liwei, Çinli askerî pilot ve astronot
 1965 - Lana Wachowski, Amerikalı yönetmen
 1967 - Pierre Omidyar, İran asıllı Fransız-Amerikalı milyarder, girişimci, yazılım mühendisi ve hayırsever
 1967 - Carrie Preston, Amerikalı aktör, yapımcı ve yönetmen
 1967 - Yingluck Shinawatra, Taylandlı iş insanı ve politikacı
 1968 - Sonia Clarke, İngiliz kadın müzisyen ve şarkıcı
 1968 - Chris Gueffroy, Berlin Duvarı'nı geçmeye çalışırken öldürülen son kişi (ö. 1989)
 1969 - Lloyd Avery II, Amerikalı siyahi oyuncu (ö. 2005)
 1970 - Pete Rock, Amerikalı prodüktör, DJ ve rapçi
 1971 - Faryd Mondragón, Kolombiyalı futbolcu (kaleci)
 1971 - Anette Olzon, İsveçli soprano müzisyen
 1973 - Zuzana Čaputová, Slovak siyasetçi, avukat ve aktivist
 1973 - Juliette Lewis, Amerikalı sinema oyuncusu ve müzisyen
 1976 - Miroslav Karhan, Slovak eski futbolcu
 1978 - Erica Durance, Kanadalı oyuncu
 1979 - Kostas Kaçuranis, Yunan eski futbolcu
 1979 - Chris Pratt, Amerikalı dizi ve sinema oyuncusu
 1980 - Ayşegül Abadan, Türk piyanist
 1980 - Barış Özcan, Türk basketbolcu
 1981 - Brandon Flowers, Amerikalı müzisyen
 1982 - Jussie Smollett, Amerikalı aktör ve şarkıcıdır
 1982 - Prens William, İngiliz Kraliyet Ailesi mensubu, Galler Prensi Charles ve Diana Frances Spencer'nın oğlu
 1983 - Edward Snowden, Amerikalı-Russ bilgisayar uzmanı
 1985 - Lana Del Rey, Amerikalı şarkıcı ve söz yazarı
 1985 - Öznur Asrav, Türk manken
 1986 - Cheick Tioté, Fildişi Sahilili futbolcu (ö. 2017)
 1986 - Fevzi Özkan, Türk futbolcu
 1987 - Pablo Barrera, Meksikalı futbolcudur
 1987 - Sebastian Prödl, Avusturyalı futbolcudur
 1988 - Thaddeus Young, Amerikalı profesyonel basketbolcudur
 1989 - Abubaker Kaki Khamis, Sudanlı atlet
 1990
Yüsra Geyik, Türk oyuncu
François Moubandje, İsviçreli millî futbolcudur
 1991 - Gaël Kakuta, Fransız futbolcu
 1992 - Ekin Koç, Türk oyuncu
 1992 - Max Schneider, Şarkıcı, oyuncu ve söz yazarı
 1993 - Sinem Ünsal, Türk dizi oyuncusu
 1994
Başak Eraydın, Türk millî tenisçi
Evans Kangwa, Zambiya millî futbolcusu
 1996 - Accursio Bentivegna, İtalyan futbolcu
 1997 - Rebecca Black, Amerikalı pop şarkıcısı

Ölümler
 524 - Chlodomer, Frankların Kralı I. Clovis'in dört oğlundan ikincisi (d. 495)
 870 - Muhtedi, 869-870 döneminde sadece bir yıl dönemle hükümdarlık yapan On dördüncü Abbasi halifesi
 1305 - II. Václav, Polonya kralı (1300–1305) (d. 1271)
 1377 - III. Edward, İngiltere Kralı (d. 1312)
 1527 - Niccolò Machiavelli, İtalyan tarihçi ve politika yazarı (d. 1469)
 1591 - Aloysius Gonzaga, İtalyan aristokrat ve İsa Cemiyeti üyesi (d. 1568)
 1622 - Salomon Schweigger, Alman protestan papaz ve seyyah (d. 1551)
 1828 - Leandro Fernández de Moratín, İspanyol tiyatro yazarı ve şair (d. 1760)
 1858 - Adolf Ivar Arwidsson, Fin gazeteci, yazar, tarihçi ve siyasetçi (d. 1791)
 1874 - Anders Jonas Ångström, İsveçli fizikçi (d. 1814)
 1908 - Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, Rus besteci (d. 1844)
 1915 - Adday Şer, Asur kökenli, Siirt Keldani Katolik Kilisesi başpiskoposu (d. 1867)
 1914 - Bertha von Suttner, Avusturyalı yazar, radikal pasifist ve Nobel Barış Ödülü alan ilk kadın (d. 1843)
 1940 - Janusz Kusociński, Polonyalı atlet, orta ve uzun mesafe koşucusu (d. 1907)
 1954 - Gideon Sundback, İsveçli mucit (d. 1880)
 1957 - Claude Farrère, Fransız yazar (d. 1876)
 1957 - Johannes Stark, Alman fizikçi (d. 1874)
 1965 - Henry Weed Fowler, Amerikalı zoolog (d. 1878)
 1969 - Maureen Connolly, Amerikalı tenisçi (d. 1934)
 1970 - Sukarno, Endonezya'nın ilk Devlet Başkanı (d. 1901)
 1971 - Hasan Vecih Bereketoğlu Türk izlenimci ressam (d. 1895)
 1980 - Ahmet Muhip Dıranas, Türk şair ve yazar (d. 1909)
 1980 - Feridun Cemal Erkin, Türk diplomat ve siyasetçi (d. 1899)
 1985 - Tage Erlander, İsveçli siyasetçi (d. 1901)
 1986 - Assi Rahbani, Lübnanlı besteci ve müzisyen (d. 1923)
 1993 - Münci Kapani, Türk akademisyen ve yazar (d. 1921)
 2001 - Carroll O'Connor, Amerikalı aktör (d. 1924)
 2001 - John Lee Hooker, Amerikalı blues şarkıcısı, gitarist ve bestesi (d. 1917)
 2005 - Guillermo Suárez Mason, Arjantinli general (d. 1924
 2008 - Abdullah Gegiç, Yugoslav asıllı Türk futbolcu ve teknik direktör (d. 1924)
 2010 - İlhan Selçuk, Türk yazar (d. 1925)
 2012 - Ramaz Şengelya, Gürcü asıllı Sovyet eski millî futbolcu (d. 1957)
 2015 - Dave Godfrey, Kanadalı yazar ve yayıncı (d. 1938)
 2016 - Jim Boyd, Amerikalı şarkıcı, söz yazarı ve oyuncu (d. 1956)
 2017 - Pompeyo Márquez, Venezuelalı siyasetçi ve gazeteci (d. 1922)
 2018 - Grigori Barenblatt, Rus matematikçi, akademisyen ve yazar (d. 1927)
 2018 - Charles Krauthammer, Amerikalı Pulitzer Ödülü sahibi sendikacı, köşe yazarı, yazar, siyasi yorumcu ve eski hekim (d. 1950)
 2019 - Peter Ball, İngiliz piskopos ve cinsel istismar hükümlüsü (d. 1932)
 2019 - Susan Bernard, Amerikalı oyuncu, manken, yazar ve iş insanı (d. 1948)
 2019 - Dimitris Hristofias, Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti'nin altıncı cumhurbaşkanı (d. 1946)
 2020 - Marconi Alencar, Brezilyalı politikacı (d. 1939)
 2020 - György Bálint, Macar botanikçi ve siyasetçi (d. 1919)
 2020 - Pascal Clément, Fransız siyasetçi (d. 1945)
 2020 - Jürgen Holtz, Alman aktör (d. 1932)
 2020 - Talib Jauhari, Pakistanlı İslam alimi, şair, tarihçi ve Şii İslam Tarikatı filozofu (d. 1929)
 2020 - Mile Nedelkoski, Makedon şair, romancı, öykü ve oyun yazarı (d. 1935)
 2020 - Bernardino Piñera, Katolik Kilisesi Şili Piskoposu (d. 1915)
 2020 - Ahmed Radi, Iraklı millî futbolcu (d. 1964)
 2020 - Ken Snow, Amerikalı millî futbolcu (d. 1969)
 2020 - Bobana Veličković, Sırp kadın atıcı (d. 1990)
 2021 - Jean Guéguinou, Fransız diplomat (d. 1941)
 2021 - Nobuo Hara, Japon caz saksofoncusu ve orkestra şefi (d. 1926)
 2021 - Reshma, Hint aktris (d. 1979)
 2022 - Patrizia Cavalli, İtalyan şairdir (d. 1947)
 2022 - Polycarpose Zacharias, Hint kökenli Malankara Yakubi Süryani Ortodoks Kilisesi Metropoliti (d. 1970)

Tatiller ve özel günler
 Yaz Gündönümü (Kuzey yarımkürede)
 Kış gündönümü (Güney yarımkürede)
 Dünya Müzik Günü

0621
21

21 Haziran


قصر التيه أو المتاهة (لغة يونانية λαβύρινθος labyrinthos، ) الأرض التي يتوه فيها السالك ولايكاد يعرف فيها طريقا. ويراد بها في الأساطير مبنى التّيه ذو الممرات الفرعية المعقدة الذي بناه ديدالوس للملك مينوس ملك كريت، حسب الأسطورة الإغريقية، وأراد مينوس أن يجعل منها سجنًا للوحش الذي يسمى المينطور. إذ كان يضحَّى بسبعة من شباب أثينا، وسبع عذارى لهذا الوحش كل سنة.

ذهب ثيسيوس ابن الملك الأثيني إلى تلك المتاهة وقتل المينوتور، وتمكَّن من شق طريقه إلى الخارج خلال الممرات الفرعية الملتوية. وكانت أريادني ابنة مينوس قد أعطت ثيسيوس كرة من الخيوط، لينشرها في طريقه إلى الداخل، ثم يتعقب هذه الخيوط ويسير باتجاهها عند هَرَبه.

وقد اكتشف علماء الآثار قصرًا ربما كان هو مكان المتاهة الكريتية. إذ تم اكتشافه في المدينة الكريتية كنوسوس ويحتوي المكان على ممرات وطرق فرعية عديدة ويشبه المتاهة الأسطورية. وعثر على فؤوس كثيرة ذات رؤوس مزدوجة في القصر. ويعتقد معظم العلماء أن كلمة متاهة كانت تعني في الإغريقية الفأس ذات الرأس المزدوج. وأصبحت تعني المكان الذي يحتوي على طرق وممرات عديدة معقدة. كما عثر علماء الآثار على بقايا متاهة كبيرة أخرى في مصر.

قصور التيه القديمة
يذكر پلني الأكبر في كتابه التاريخ الطبيعي أربع قصور تيه قديمة: قصر التيه الكريتي، قصر التيه المصري، قصر التيه اللمني وقصر التيه الإيطالي. وفي القرن التاسع عشر، تم اكتشاف بقايا قصر التيه على بعد «11 1/2 ميل من هرم الهوارة في محافظة الفيوم.». توجد أبنية تحتوي على شبكة من الممرات والطرق الفرعية التي لا نهاية لها في بعض حدائق الترويح، وتسمَّى المتاهة، وتُستخدم لاختبار المهارة في حل المعضلة. إذ إن كثيرًا من الألعاب والتمارين المسلية تقوم أساسًا على فكرة المتاهة، وتستخدم أيضًا في التجارب لاختبار ردود الفعل عند الحيوانات.

المراجع

المصادر
 Hermann Kern, Through the Labyrinth, ed. Robert Ferré and Jeff Saward, Prestel, 2000, ISBN 3-7913-2144-7. (This is an English translation of Kern's original German monograph Labyrinthe published by Prestel in 1982.)
 Penelope Reed Doob, The Idea of the Labyrinth: from Classical Antiquity through the Middle Ages, Cornell University Press, 1992, ISBN 0-8014-2393-7.
 هيرودوت، تاريخ هيرودوتس, Newly translated and with an introduction by Aubrey de Sélincourt, Harmondsworth, England, دار بنجوين للنشر، 1965.
 كارولي كيريني، Dionysos: Archetypal Image of Indestructible Life, Princeton University Press, 1976.
 Helmut Jaskolski, The Labyrinth: Symbol of Fear, Rebirth and Liberation, Shambala, 1997.
 Adrian Fisher & Georg Gerster, The Art of the Maze, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1990. ISBN 0-297-83027-9.
 Jeff Saward, Labyrinths and Mazes, Gaia Books Ltd, 2003, ISBN 1-85675-183-X.
 Jeff Saward, Magical Paths, Mitchell Beazley, 2002, ISBN 1-84000-573-4.
 W.H. Matthews, Mazes and Labyrinths: Their History and Development, Longmans, Green & Co., 1922. Includes bibliography. Dover Publications reprint, 1970, ISBN 0-486-22614-X.
 Andrew Stewart, One Hundred Greek Sculptors: Their Careers and Extant Works.
 Henning Eichberg, 2005: "Racing in the labyrinth? About some inner contradictions of running." In: Athletics, Society & Identity. Imeros, Journal for Culture and Technology, 5:1) Athen: Foundation of the Hellenic World, 169-192.
 Edward Hays, The Lenten Labyrinth: Daily Reflections for the Journey of Lent, Forest of Peace Publishing, 1994.

وصلات خارجية
 Labyrinthos maintained by Jeff Saward
 The Labyrinth Society
 Through Mazes to Mathematics Exposition by Tony Phillips, SUNY
 Maze classification Extensive classification of labyrinths and algorithms to solve them.
 IRRGARTENWELT.DE Lars O. Heintel's collection of handdrawn labyrinths and mazes
 Labyrinthe in Deutschland Website (in German) with diagrams and photos of virtually all the public labyrinths in Germany.
 Mystery Labyrinth German website (in German and English) with descriptions, animations, links, and especially photos of (mostly European) labyrinths.
 British turf labyrinths by Marilyn Clark. Photos and descriptions of the surviving historical turf mazes in Britain.
 Jo Edkins's Maze Page An early website providing a clear overview of the territory and suggestions for further study.
 "Die Kretische Labyrinth-Höhle" by Thomas M. Waldmann, rev. 2009 (in German, English, French, and Greek). Description of a labyrinthine artificial cave system near Gortyn, Crete, widely considered (before the discovery of Knossos) the original labyrinth on Crete. (Presentation somewhat amateurish – including <blink> tags – but many detailed photos.)
 SpiralZoom.com an educational website about the science of pattern formation, spirals in nature, and spirals in the mythic imagination & labyrinths.
 Guerrilla Labyrinths Light-weight site by David Brazzeal, who creates "occasional" labyrinths.
 The Geometry of History A short overview by Tessa Morrison, U. of Newcastle, Australia.
 Labyrinth- A Sacred Walk The Ursulines Sisters construct a Labyrinth - Canfield, Oh

أحجيات
تاريخ كريت
شعائر
فنون أرضية
ملحقات الحدائق
مواقع ميثولوجية في اليونان

قصر التيه


Jules Delhaize peut faire référence à :
 Jules Delhaize (1829-1898), fondateur du groupe Delhaize.
 Jules Delhaize (1872-1928), historien, président et administrateur du groupe Delhaize, neveu du précédent.

Jules Delhaize


Conacul Rosetti din Căiuți este un ansamblu de monumente istorice aflat pe teritoriul satului Căiuți, comuna Căiuți.

Ansamblul este format din două monumente:
 Conacul Rosetti ()
 Parc ()

Note

Monumente istorice din județul Bacău

Conacul Rosetti din Căiuți


Eine Küchenwaage ist eine Waage zur Abmessung von Zutaten für Speisen. Sie wird z. B. zur Vorbereitung von Kuchenteig benötigt. Sie hat meist eine maximale Tragkraft von 500 g bis 10 kg und eine Genauigkeit im Bereich 1 bis 50 g.

Küchenwaagen kommen vor allem dann zum Einsatz, wenn für das Gelingen von Speisen bestimmte Zutaten wie zum Beispiel Mehl, Zucker, Speisefette in einem bestimmten Verhältnis gemischt werden müssen und ein bloßes Abschätzen nicht ausreicht.

Küchenwaagen gibt es in unterschiedlichen Konstruktionsprinzipien. Bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde sie vor allem als Balkenwaage (zuletzt vor allem als Laufgewichts-Balkenwaage) verwendet, später kamen vor allem billig zu produzierende Federwaagen zum Einsatz. Vor allem zum genauen Messen kleiner Mengen im Rahmen einer Diät kamen Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts vermehrt Diätwaagen als Digitalwaagen zum Einsatz.

Grenzen der Anwendung
Insbesondere bei Hefeteig kommt es auf die grammgenaue Zugabe von Backhefe an, denn bei haushaltsüblichen Teigmengen kann schon eine geringe Abweichung einen hohen prozentualen Unterschied bedeuten und sich negativ auf das Backergebnis auswirken. Bei der Zubereitung von Kaffee ist Präzision ebenso wichtig: "Werden 11 g Kaffee für eine Tasse benötigt und die Waage weicht um 2 g ab, entspricht das einer Abweichung von 18 %."

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Waage
Messgerät (Küche)

Küchenwaage


Life is Sacred er en film instrueret af Andreas Møl Dalsgaard.

Handling
Vold er hverdag i Columbia, hvor narkokartellerne i årtier har fastholdt landet i en væbnet konflikt, og hvor næsten alle familier har mistet en af deres kære. Men den uortodokse præsidentkandidat Antanas Mockus gør hvad han kan for at vende den onde cirkel med en fantasifuld og positiv valgkampagne. Og han har erfaringen med sig. Som borgmester i Bogotá fik han iført Superman-dragt og med en ubændig tillid til det gode i sine medborgere bugt med både tårnhøje 'crime rates', uvorne studerende og folks dårlige trafikvaner. Hans idealisme er dog både hans styrke og svaghed i et korrupt, politisk system, hvor hans modpart spiller et beskidt spil, og hvor folket har mistet troen på selv at kunne gøre en forskel. Mockus får hjælp af den 22-årige aktivist Katherine, der selv har mistet sin far i den bitre konflikt.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2015

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Life is Sacred


Christiane Amanpour () este o jurnalistă și o gazdă de televiziune de origine engleză-iraniană.

Amanpour este șefa Corespondenței Internaționale pentru CNN și gazda unei emisiuni de interviuri "Amanpour" în fiecare noapte pe CNN International. Amanpour este, de asemenea, prezentatoarea rubricii de Afaceri Globale pentru ABC News. În 2013, s-a mutat din New York să trăiască în Londra împreună cu soțul ei, fost secretarul de stat adjunct James Rubin, și fiul lor adolescent.

Primii ani
Deși este născută în Londra, Anglia, Amanpour a fost crescută în Teheran. Tatăl ei, Mahmoud Amanpour, este de origine musulmană, fiind din Iran, iar mama ei, Patricia Hill, este o creștină din Anglia. Amanpour este fluentă în limbile engleză și persană.

După ce a acumulat o parte din educația primară în Iran, a fost trimisă la vîrsta de 11 ani de părinți la un internat în Marea Britanie. A mers la Mănăstirea Holy Cross, o școală de fete în Chalfont St. Peter, Buckinghamshire, iar apoi, la vârsta de 16 ani a intrat la liceul New Hall în Chelmsford, Essex. Christiane și familia ei s-au reunit apoi în Anglia, nu după multă vreme ce a început Revoluția Islamică. Aceasta insistă că nu au fost forțați afară din țară, dar că s-au întors din cauza războiului dintre Iran și Irak. Familia a rămas până la urmă în Anglia, deoarece întoarcerea în Iran era foarte dificilă.

După ce a absolvit liceul, Amanpour s-a mutat în New York să studieze jurnalismul la Universitatea din Rhodes Island, Harrington School of Communication and Media. În timpul facultății, a lucrat la secția de știri a radioului WBRU-FM în Providence Rhode Island. A lucrat de asemenea și pentru un partener pentru NBC, WJAR, în Providence, drept proiectant grafic. În 1983, aceasta a absolvit facultatea summa cum laude, cu o diplomă în jurnalism.

CNN

În 1983, a fost angajată de CNN pentru o slujbă de asistentă în Atlanta, Georgia. În primii ei ani drept reporter, Amanpour a primit prima sarcină importantă, să acopere războiul din Golf. Aceasta sarcină a determinat la transferarea ei în 1986 în Europa de Est să acopere căderea comunismului european. În 1989, a fost trimisă să lucreze în Frankfurt, Germania, de unde a scris despre revoluțiile democratice din Europa de Est în perioada aceea. Prin intermediul acestei poziții, Amanpour a fost capabilă să avanseze în carieră și să ajungă în 1990 reporter pentru biroul CNN în New York.

După ocuparea Kuweitului de către Irak în 1990, comentariile lui Amanpour despre Războiul din Golful Persic i-au adus o recunoaștere însemnată, ducând de asemenea și rețeaua CNN la un nou nivel de acoperire media. Din cauza asta, a relatat și Războiul din Bosnia și din alte zone de conflict. Amanpour a primit reputația că este neînfricată în timpul războaielor din Golf și Bosnia și deoarece relata evenimente din zone de conflict.

Din 1992 până în 2010, Amanpour a fost Șefa Corespondenței Internaționale pentru CNN și gazda emisiunii "Amanpour", o emisiune zilnică de interviuri care a durat din 2009 până în 2010. Amanpour a transmis despre crize majore din multe puncte de conflict, începând de la Iraq, Afganistan, Palestina, Iran, Israel, Pakistan, Somalia, Rwanda și Bosnia, până la uraganul Katrina din Statele Unite. Aceasta a reușit să ia interviuri exclusive cu lideri mondiali din Orientul Mijlociu, Europa, Africa și nu numai, incluzând președinții iranieni Mohammad Khatami și Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, la fel ca și președinții din Afganistan, Sudan și Siria. După evenimentul tragic din 11 septembrie 2001, ea a fost prima persoană care a intervievat prim ministrul britanic Tony Blair, președintele francez Jacques Chirac și președintele din Pakistan, Pervez Musfarraf.

Note

Legături externe
 Amanpour.com
 C-SPAN

Nașteri pe 12 ianuarie
Nașteri în 1958
Jurnaliste
Scriitoare engleze

Christiane Amanpour


Elbphilharmonie er en koncertsal i Hamborgs Hafen City, der blev indviet 11. januar 2017. Huset er tegnet af det schweiziske arkitektfirma Herzog & de Meuron. Udover tre koncertsale rummer bygningen hotel, restauranter, boliger og parkeringshus samt en offentligt tilgængelig udsigtsplatform. Byggeriet begyndte i 2007, forventedes afsluttet i 2010 og havde et budget på 272 mio. EUR. Huset afleveredes med mere end seks års forsinkelse, mens prisen i mellemtiden var steget til 866 mio. EUR.  Fra begyndelsen var målet, et nyt vartegn for byen og skabe et kulturelt fyrtårn for alle byens borgere.

Der er en stor koncertsal med 2150 siddepladser, en lille sal med 550 pladser og den tredje sal, det såkaldte Kaistudio, med 170 siddepladser. Mellem murstenssokkelen og glasfacaden befinder der sig i en højde af 37 meter den offentlig tilgængelige udsigtsplatform Plaza. Den benyttes som tilgangsområde for koncertsalenes opholdsrum (foyer), til hotellet og lejlighederne.

Galleri

Henvisninger

Hamborg
Koncertsale i Tyskland
Tysk kultur

Elbphilharmonie


Sultanahmet Mitingleri, 15 Mayıs 1919'da İzmir'in İşgali üzerine Türk Ocağı ve Karakol Cemiyeti tarafından düzenlenen mitinglerdir. Bundan önce yine İstanbul'da işgali kınamak ve direnişi yaymak için Fatih, Üsküdar–Doğancılar, Kadıköy mitingleri yapılmıştı.

Sultanahmet Mitingleri, 23 Mayıs 1919, 30 Mayıs 1919, 10 Ekim 1919, 13 Ocak 1920 tarihlerinde dört kez yapıldı. Her birine yaklaşık 150-200 bin kişinin katıldığı mitinglerde; Mehmet Emin Yurdakul, Halide Edib Adıvar, Hamdullah Suphi Tanrıöver, Rıza Nur, Selim Sırrı Tarcan, İsmail Hakkı Baltacıoğlu, Fahreddin Hayri Bey, Kemal Mithad, Şükûfe Nihal Başar, Madam Jeannine isimli bir Fransız gibi birçok tanınan kişi katıldı ve işgallere karşı kati halk direnişini savunan konuşmalar yaptı.

Trakya-Paşaeli Müdafaa Heyeti Osmaniyesi'nin bildirileri okundu. İtilaf Devletleri temsilcilerine muhtıralar verildi. Asıl önemlisi yurt çapında milli bilinç ve Kuvâ-yi Milliye hisleri uyanıp örgütlenmeye vesile oldu. Mitinglerin yankıları Anadolu'da camilerde yapılan hutbelere kadar vardı.

Halide Edip Hanım'ın kürsüde ağlayıp, ağlatarak katılımcılara ettirdiği yemin:

Türkiye'nin istiklal ve hayat hakkını alacağı güne kadar hiçbir korku, hiçbir meşakkat önünden kaçmayacağız. Yedi yüz senelik tarihin ağlayan minareleri altında yemin ediniz!

Mehmet Emin Bey'in mitingdeki konuşmasından:

Demir ve ateş; kardeşler ben bunlarla hiçbir vatan ve ırkın öldüğünü işitmedim. Şerefli bir tarih ve medeniyete, sağlam bir fazilet ve ahlâka, zengin bir şiir ve edebiyata, dinî ve millî ananelere, ırkî ve vatanî hatıralara mâlik olan bir milletin mahvolduğunu tarih göstermiyor.

Şükûfe Nihal Hanım'ın "Yalnız Dönüyorum" adlı kitabından:

İstanbul'u artık resmen işgal altına alan kuvvetler, o gece Darülfünun'a da girmişlerdi. Salonlarda, koridorlarda dolaşan kara derili, Hint askerler (...) 'sizi böyle keseceğiz, sizi böyle vuracağız' demek ister gibi işaretler yapıyorlar, korkunç korkunç sırıtıyorlardı.

Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı iç politikası
Türkiye'de protestolar

Sultanahmet Mitingleri


هنا قائمة ببطولات أستراليا المفتوحة لسنة 1989:

الكبار

فردي رجال

 إيفان ليندل هزم  ميلوسلاف مايتشاير، 6-2, 6-2, 6-2

فردي سيدات

 شتيفي غراف هزم  هيلينا سوكوفا, 6-4, 6-4

زوجي رجال

 ريك لياتش و جيم بوغه هزم  دارين كاهيل و مارك كراتزمان 6-4, 6-4, 6-4

زوجي سيدات

 مارتينا نافراتيلوفا و بام شرايفر هزم  باتي فينديك و جيل هيذرينجتن 3-6, 6-3, 6-2

زوجي مختلط

 يانا نوفوتنا و جيم بوغه هزم  زينا غاريسن و شيروود ستيوارت 6-3, 6-4

مراجع

بطولات أستراليا المفتوحة حسب السنة
ملبورن في عقد 1980
كرة مضرب أسترالية في 1989
أحداث يناير 1989 الرياضية في أوقيانوسيا
أحداث يناير 1989 الرياضية في أستراليا

أستراليا المفتوحة 1989