Zermou (auch: Zarmou) ist eine Landgemeinde im Departement Mirriah in Niger.

Geographie
Zermou liegt in der Sahelzone. Die durchschnittliche jährliche Niederschlagsmenge beträgt rund 350 Millimeter. Die Nachbargemeinden Zermous sind Mazamni im Norden, Guidimouni im Osten, Hamdara im Südosten, Mirriah im Südwesten und Gaffati im Westen. Bei den Siedlungen im Gemeindegebiet handelt es sich um 85 Dörfer, 27 Weiler und 4 Lager. Der Hauptort der Landgemeinde ist das Dorf Zermou. Es liegt auf einer Höhe von . Das nach Einwohnern zweitgrößte Dorf ist Garin Koublé. Durch die Gemeinde verläuft das gleichnamige Trockental Zermou.

Geschichte
Sultan Ibrahim dan Sélimane von Zinder, der vom 1822 bis 1841 und von 1843 bis 1850 regierte, ermunterte Tuareg aus dem Aïr sich in seinem Sultanat anzusiedeln. Er stellte deren versklavten Ackerbauern, den Iklan, Land bei den Dörfern Zermou, Baban Tapki, Dogo, Droum und Gouna zur Verfügung. Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts boten die Märkte von Zermou und weiteren Dörfern in der Region dem in Zinder ansässigen bedeutenden Händler Malan Yaroh jene Handwerksprodukte, Pelze, Tierhäute und Henna, die er für den Transsaharahandel benötigte. Der Markt von Zermou war einer der kleinen Märkte in der Region, die zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts von der damaligen französischen Verwaltung zugelassen wurden. Der britische Reiseschriftsteller A. Henry Savage Landor besuchte den Ort 1906 bei seiner zwölfmonatigen Afrika-Durchquerung.

Die Landgemeinde Zermou ging 2002 im Zuge einer landesweiten Verwaltungsreform aus dem Kanton Zermou hervor.

Bevölkerung
Bei der Volkszählung 2012 hatte die Landgemeinde 32.486 Einwohner, die in 5134 Haushalten lebten. Bei der Volkszählung 2001 betrug die Einwohnerzahl 17.818 in 3191 Haushalten.

Im Hauptort lebten bei der Volkszählung 2012 3212 Einwohner in 520 Haushalten, bei der Volkszählung 2001 2455 in 443 Haushalten und bei der Volkszählung 1988 2575 in 407 Haushalten.

In ethnischer Hinsicht ist die Gemeinde ein Siedlungsgebiet von Damagarawa und Iklan. Die Bevölkerung ist überwiegend hausasprachig. Außerdem ziehen Fulbe, die Nomadismus und Transhumanz betreiben, mit ihren Viehherden durch das Gemeindegebiet.

Politik
Der Gemeinderat (conseil municipal) hat 12 gewählte Mitglieder. Mit den Kommunalwahlen 2020 sind die Sitze im Gemeinderat wie folgt verteilt: 7 PNDS-Tarayya, 3 RDR-Tchanji und 2 ARD-Adaltchi Mutunchi.

Jeweils ein traditioneller Ortsvorsteher (chef traditionnel) steht an der Spitze von 58 Dörfern in der Gemeinde.

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur
Der überwiegende Teil der Landgemeinde besteht aus sandigen Böden, auf denen Hirse angebaut wird. Die felsigeren Teile Zermous dienen als Weideland. Die ungünstigen Bodenverhältnisse, verbunden mit geringen Niederschlagsmengen, führen seit Generationen zu wiederkehrenden Hungersnöten. Arbeitsmigranten aus Zermou haben keinen Zugang zu den Arbeitsmärkten im ebenfalls hausasprachigen Nord-Nigeria und müssen in den von Yoruba bewohnten Südwesten des südlichen Nachbarlands ausweichen.

Im Hauptort ist ein Gesundheitszentrum des Typs Centre de Santé Intégré (CSI) vorhanden. Es verfügt über ein eigenes Labor und eine Entbindungsstation. Der CEG Zermou ist eine allgemein bildende Schule der Sekundarstufe des Typs Collège d'Enseignement Général (CEG). Beim Centre de Formation aux Métiers de Zermou (CFM Zermou) handelt es sich um ein Berufsausbildungszentrum.

Vom Hauptort führt die 17,08 Kilometer lange Route 752, eine wenig ausgebaute Landstraße, nach Kassama, wo sie in die Nationalstraße 34 mündet.

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Niger
Zinder (Region)
Ort in Afrika

Zermou


The Abyssinian roller (Coracias abyssinicus), or Senegal roller, is a member of the roller family of birds which breeds across tropical Africa in a belt south of the Sahara, known as the Sahel. It is resident in the southern part of its range, but northern breeding populations are short-distance migrants, moving further south after the wet season.

Description
The Abyssinian roller is a large bird, nearly the size of a jackdaw at . It has a warm brown back, with the rest of the plumage mainly blue. Adults have  long tail streamers. Sexes are similar, but the juvenile is a drabber version of the adult. Abyssinian roller is striking in its strong direct flight, with the brilliant blues of the wings contrasting with the brown back and the long tail streamers trailing behind. The call of the Abyssinian roller is a harsh crow-like gak sound, or a screeched aaaargh.

Distribution and habitat
The Abyssinian roller is native to tropical Africa. Its range extends from southern Mauritania and Senegal in the west and to Ethiopia, Somalia and northern Kenya in the east. It also occurs in south-western Saudi Arabia and western Yemen. This is a common bird of warm open country with some trees, and has adapted to farmland and human habitation.

Behaviour and ecology
Abyssinian rollers often perch prominently on trees, posts or overhead wires, like giant shrikes, whilst watching for the large insects and small rodents on which they feed. They will dash into the smoke of a forest fire for disturbed invertebrates. They are fearless, and will dive and roll at humans and other intruders. The display of this bird is a lapwing-like display, with the twists and turns that give this group its English name. It nests in a scantily lined hole in a tree or building, and lays three to six eggs.

Status
The population trend for the Abyssinian roller is thought to be upward, as it exploits the opportunities provided by modern agricultural practices and urbanization. It has an extensive range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern".

References

Abyssinian roller
Birds of East Africa
Birds of Sub-Saharan Africa
Abyssinian roller

Abyssinian roller


سيسيدي  هي إحدى مدن مقاطعة مونتيري، كاليفورنيا. تم إعطاءها لقب مدينة في 13 أكتوبر، 1954.

التركيبة السكانية
حدّد مكتب تعداد الولايات المتحدة بيانات التركيبة السكانية لسيسيدي في تعداد الولايات المتحدة. في ما يلي، التركيبة السكانية حسب تعدادي 2000 و2010.

تعداد عام 2000
بلغ عدد سكان سيسيدي 31,696 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2000، وبلغ عدد الأسر 9,833 أسرة وعدد العائلات 7,399 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 11,005 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 49.21% من البيض و12.61% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و1.04% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و10.09% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و1.29% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادئ و18.41% من الأعراق الأخرى و7.34% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و34.48% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 9,833 أسرة كانت نسبة 48% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 54.8% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 13.9% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك، بينما كانت نسبة 6.5% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 24.8% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 18.1% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 6.7% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 3.21، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.59.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 29.5 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 30.2% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 11.1% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 34.3% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 15.8% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 8.4% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. يوجد لكل 100 أنثى 103.8 ذكر، ويوجد لكل 100 أنثى في الثامنة عشر من عمرها فما فوق 101.7 ذكر.

بلغ متوسط دخل الأسرة في المدينة 41,393 دولارًا، أما متوسط دخل العائلة فبلغ 43,259 دولارًا. وكان متوسط دخل الذكور 29,204 دولارًا مقابل 26,424 دولارًا للإناث. وسجل دخل الفرد الخاص بالمدينة 15,183 دولارًا. وكانت نسبة 9.3% من العائلات ونسبة 12.1% من السكان تحت خط الفقر، وكان من هؤلاء نسبة 15.1% تحت سن الثامنة عشر ونسبة 7.4% في الخامسة والستين من العمر وما فوق.

تعداد عام 2010
بلغ عدد سكان سيسيدي 33,025 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2010، وبلغ عدد الأسر 10,093 أسرة وعدد العائلات 7,373 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 10,872 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 48.38% من البيض و8.43% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و1.05% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و9.71% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و1.60% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادئ و22.95% من الأعراق الأخرى و7.88% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و43.44% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 10,093 أسرة كانت نسبة 43.7% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 51.8% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 14.2% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك، بينما كانت نسبة 7% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 26.9% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 19.1% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 6.9% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 3.16، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.57.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 30.6 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 27% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 13.4% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 30.7% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 20.2% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 8.6% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. وتوزع التركيب الجنسي للسكان بنسبة 50.1% ذكور و49.9% إناث.

أعلام
 جوزيف كولينز
 ماسون فوستر
 لورانس ألكسندر هاردي

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1888
أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1954
تأسيسات سنة 1888 في كاليفورنيا
تأسيسات سنة 1954 في كاليفورنيا
مدن ساحلية في كاليفورنيا
مدن مقاطعة مونتيري (كاليفورنيا)
مدن كاليفورنيا

سيسيدي (كاليفورنيا)


José «Pepe» Pelayo Pérez (Matanzas, Cuba, 1952) es un escritor, guionista, comediante, cuentacuentos, videísta, humorista gráfico, estudioso de la teoría y la aplicación del humor e Ingeniero civil de profesión. Reside en Chile desde 1991, donde se nacionalizó.

Carrera
Pepe Pelayo fue fundador de la reconocida agrupación escénica cubana La Seña del Humor, de la cual fue guionista y director artístico junto a Aramís Quintero, así como comediante y director general.

Tiene una larga trayectoria como comediante, cuentacuentos y guionista en teatro, radio, televisión y cine en Cuba, Chile, parte de Latinoamérica, E.U. y Canadá. Se presenta como cuentacuentos para niños y monologuista para adultos en diferentes países.

Ha publicado 75 libros de humor, 47 de ellos para niños y 28 para jóvenes y adultos, en Chile, Cuba, parte de Latinoamérica y España. Ha sido Jurado en Concursos Literarios en Chile y en el extranjero.

Imparte sus "Charlas Chaplin" sobre diferentes temas relacionados con el Humor como: Pedagogía, Motivación Lectora, Salud, Empresa, Calidad de Vida y Teoría del Humor. También realiza su Programa de motivación a la lectura a través del humor, para niños en riesgo social.

Colabora con sus obras literarias y gráficas en varias publicaciones internacionales.

Ha participado con sus fotomontajes humorísticos en exposiciones individuales en Chile, Estados Unidos y Portugal, y en exposiciones colectivas en numerosos países; así como ha sido Jurado de Concursos de Humor Gráfico en Chile y en el extranjero.

Ha recibido más 30 premios y distinciones nacionales y a nivel internacional por sus obras humorísticas (literarias, gráficas y escénicas).

Funda y dirige con su hijo Alex Pelayo -siendo también coeditor-, el sitio web sobre teoría y aplicación del Humor: humorpsapiens.com

Es Miembro de la Sociedad Internacional de Estudios del Humor Luso-Hispano, de la Red de Investigación y Estudio del Humor (RIEH) en Chile y es presidente de la Fundación Humor Sapiens.

Libros publicados

Sobre teoría y práctica del humor

 "Teoría Humor Sapiens. Lo cómico, el humor y el chiste". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2022
 "Anécdotas de relevantes humoristas... y algunas mías". Humor Sapiens Ediciones.2022.
 "En rigor humortis". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2021.
 "Breve Historia del Humor". Prólogo: Osvaldo Macedo de Sousa. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "El Chiste". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "La Metahumorfosis" (Vivencias y reflexiones de un humorista). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Breve diccionario del humor". Prólogo: Enrique Gallud Jardiel. Editorial Verbum. Madrid, España. 2019
 "Bienaventurados los que ríen". En coautoría con Aramís Quintero. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. Chile y Uruguay. 2006.
 "Gracias por enseñar" (Prácticas para educar con humor). Prólogo: Jesús Damián Fernández y Maili Ow González. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. Chile. 2011.

Para niños

 "El hombre lobo de Quilicura". Editorial SM Chile 2015.
 "Rátata, un ratón de biblioteca". Humor Sapiens. 2013.
 "Ada y su Varita". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2013.
 "Sipo y Nopo". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2012.
 "El numerito de Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2012 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "El agapito de Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2011 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "Lo inaudito de Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2010 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "El mosquito Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2010 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "El más desopilante "¡Mix de chistes!". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los más chistosos "Cuentos breves # 2". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los más chistosos "Cuentos breves # 1". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los más hilarantes "¿Qué le dijo? y ¿En qué se parece?". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los más entretenidos "Ayer pasé por tu casa y ¿Cómo se llama la obra?". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 Las mejores "Adivinanzas, Trabalenguas, Rimas y Piropos". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los más humorísticos "¡Rinnng! ¡Rinnng! y ¡Doctor! ¡Doctor!". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 Los más ingeniosos "Juegos de palabras". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Las Preguntas" más locas. Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los Tantanes" más cómicos. Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 "Los Colmos" más graciosos. Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 Los más divertidos "¡Mamá! ¡Mamá!". Serie "Lee, juega y ríe con Pepito". Humor Sapiens. 2009-2010.
 Libro # 5 de la Serie "Pepito. Chistes para niños". Humor Sapiens y Ediciones Liberalia. Chile. 2009.
 "Lucía Moñitos, corazón de melón". Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2009.
 "El enigma del huevo verde". En coautoría con Betán (Juan M. Betancourt). Editorial SM. Chile 2009.
 "Ada, madrina y otros seres". Editorial Alfaguara. Chile 2009.
 "Diálocos de Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile 2008 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "Lucía Moñitos". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2007 y Venezuela 2009.
 "No lo puedo creer".  En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2007 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "Trinos de colores". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2007 y Venezuela 2009.
 "Sube el telón de Pepito". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2007, Venezuela 2008 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "Draguito y el dragón". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2007.
 "Pepito cuenta y canta". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay. 2006.
 "El abuelo de Dios". En coautoría con Aramís Quintero. Ediciones SM. Chile. 2006. España 2007 y México. 2007.
 "Pepito. Los mejores chistes 2006". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay. 2006.
 Libro # 4 de la Serie "Pepito. Chistes para niños". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay 2006 y Ediciones Liberalia. Chile. 2010.
 Libro # 3 de la Serie "Pepito. Chistes para niños". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay. 2006 y Ediciones Liberalia.  Chile. 2010.
 "El inspector Mantú". Editorial Libresa. Ecuador. 2006.
 "El secreto de la cueva negra". En coautoría con Betán (Juan M. Betancourt). Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2005, Perú 2007, Venezuela 2008.
 Libro # 2 de la Serie "Pepito. Chistes para niños". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay 2006 y Ediciones Liberalia. Chile. 2010.
 Libro # 1 de la serie "Pepito. Chistes para niños". Humor Sapiens. Chile-Uruguay. 2005 y Ediciones Liberalia Chile. 2010.
 "En las garras de los Mataperros" (El perro de tres cabezas). En coautoría con Betán (Juan M. Betancourt). Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2005. Humor Sapiens 2013.
 "Ni un pelo de tonto". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2005, Perú 2007 y Ecuador 2008
 "Pepito y sus libruras". Editorial Alfaguara Chile. 2004 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.
 "El cuento de la ñ". En coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Editorial Sudamericana. Argentina. 2004 y Editorial Santillana. Chile 2016.
 "El chupacabras de Pirque". En coautoría con Betán (Juan M. Betancourt). Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2003 y Perú 2007.
 "Cuentos de Ada". Editorial Alfaguara. Chile. 2003, Perú 2007, Ecuador 2008 y Argentina 2010.
 "Pepito, el Señor de los chistes". Editorial Alfaguara, Chile. 2002 y Editorial SM. Chile 2015.

Para jóvenes y adultos

 "Foto & Grafía" (Imágenes y palabras en busca del humor). En coautoría con Francisco Puñal. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2023
 "De risa también se muere". En coautoría con Rubén Aguiar. Prólogo: Alexis Díaz Pimienta. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2023
 "(Pre)textos breves supuestamente graciosillos". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2023
 "Destinos sin tinos" (Crónicas de viajes). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2023
 "Los señores Ortega & Gasset. Crisis de parejas". En coautoría con Rudy (Marcelo Rudaeff). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2022.
 "Historias de bufones". En coautoría con Ángel Boligán. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2121.
 "Orión y Pipita" (Tiras cómicas y cuentos). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2021.
 "Dos e-pistoleros cubanos se afrentan en duelo nacional". En coautoría con Eduardo Triana. Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Que ni la muerte nos separe". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Doctor Tuga". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 Los señores Ortega y Gsset. Crisis económica". En coautoría con Rudy (Marcelo Rudaeff). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Los señores Ortega y Gasset. Crisis de identidad". En coautoría con Rudy (Marcelo Rudaeff]. Prólogo: Daniel Rabinovich. Humor Sapiens. Chile y Uruguay. 2006 /  Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "La divina gracia" (Humor convenientemente impío). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Humor de vida o muerte" (Epigramas y epitafios). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Chanzas de Matanzas". Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2020.
 "Hamor y Umor" (Cuentos). Humor Sapiens Ediciones. 2019.
 "El profesor Pericot y la Ridícula Historia Universal". En coautoría con Enrique Gallud Jardiel. Humor Sapiens. Chile 2015.
 "La maldición del nariztócrata". En coautoría con Betán (Juan M. Betancourt). Humor Sapiens. Chile y Uruguay. 2007.
 "Risas post mortem". Editorial Grijalbo. Chile. 2003.
 "El cartero en llamas dos veces". En coautoría con Pible (Pablo Garí). Editorial Capiro. Cuba. 1995.

Antologías

 "Antología de la poesía humorística española". Editorial Verbum. Madrid, España. 2018.
 "Ensayos y aforismos". M. P. Library Edition. Seatle, Estados Unidos. 2015.
 "Poemas y narraciones breves". M. P. Library Edition. Seatle, Estados Unidos. 2015.
 "Comenzando a leer juntos". Fundación Educacional Oportunidad y Ministerio de Educación. Chile. 2013.
 "Un cuento al día". Editorial Consejo Nacional de la Cultura y Las Artes, Chile. 2013.
 "Antología Cuentos de Paz". Colección Leer es genial. Editorial Alfaguara Argentina. 2004.
 "Antología Cuentagotas III". Editorial aBrace, Brasil-Uruguay. 2003.

Premios y distinciones

2023
 Seleccionado como miembro del Grupo de Trabajo "El humor, la risa y las jerarquías" del Consejo Mexicano de Ciencias Sociales (COMECSO). México.
 Recibe Homenaje como cofundador, director general, codirector artístico, coguionista y comediante del grupo "La Seña del humor" en el Evento "Melocactus Matanzanus ", Teatro Sauto y Casa de la Memoria Escénica. Matanzas, Cuba.
2022
 Recibe Homenaje por sus 40 años como humorista y sus 20 años como escritor para niños en el Instituto de Estudios Humorísticos de la Universidad Diego Portales. Chile.
 Recibe Homenaje por sus 40 años como humorista multifacético en Mesa Redonda realizada en el Instituto Quevedo de las Artes del Humor. España.
 Recibe Homenaje por sus 40 años como humorista en el Coloquio "Literatura Humorística Latinoamericana", organizado por el Museo del Humor de San Antonio de los Baños. Cuba.
2021
 Recibe Homenaje como escritor para niños en el Colegio Colonial de Pirque, donde develan una placa bautizando con su nombre la Sala de Lectura del Colegio. Santiago de Chile.
 Recibe Reconocimiento del Ministerio de Educación de Perú, por colaborar con textos y programas de radio en la estrategia "Aprendo en Casa", organizada por ese Organismo y dirigido a los estudiantes del nivel de educación primaria, en el año 2020.
2019
 Recibe Homenaje como cofundador, director general, codirector artístico, coguionista y comediante del Grupo La Seña del Humor en su XXXV Aniversario. Teatro Karl Marx de La Habana, en el marco del Festival nacional de Humor "Aquelarre" y en el Teatro Sauto de Matanzas. Cuba.
2017
 Obtiene el Tercer Premio por su cuento "El deseo", en el Concurso Internacional "Historias de amor", convocado por "Letras con Arte". España.
2016
 Recibe Homenaje a su trayectoria como escritor, organizado por la Cámara Chilena del Libro y la Fundación Cultural de Providencia, en la Feria Internacional del Libro Infantil y Juvenil de Providencia. Chile.
2015
 Es elegido para el Plan Nacional de Difusión de Autores y sus Obras en la ciudadanía del Consejo de la Cultura, Región Metropolitana. Chile.
 Es Finalista en las Modalidades de Aforismo y de Narración Breve, en el I Certamen de Excelencia Literaria Mundial. M. P. Librery Edition, Seatle. E.U.
2014
 Obtiene el Segundo Premio en el 5th International City and Citizen Cartoon Contest, por obra de humor gráfico realizada en coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Tabriz 2014. Irán.
2013
 Recibe Homenaje como escritor para niños en el Colegio Santa María de Maipú, donde develan una placa con su nombre y su foto, bautizando una Sala. Chile.
2009
 Obtiene la Distinción "The White Ravens 2009", que la Internationale Jugendbibliothek organiza anualmente en el marco de la Feria Internacional del Libro Infantil de Bologna, Italia, por su libro-álbum "Trinos de colores", creado en coautoría con Alex Pelayo y publicado por la Editorial Alfaguara Infantil. Alemania.
2008
 Recibe la Distinción "Huésped Ilustre de Quito" como escritor, durante la Feria Internacional del Libro. Ecuador.
 Obtiene el Premio al Mejor Libro Editado en Categoría Infantil, otorgado por la Cámara Chilena del Libro, por su libro álbum "Lucía Moñitos", creado en coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Chile.
 Es finalista en el III Concurso de Literatura Infantil "Barco de Vapor" de la Editorial SM, con su libro "El enigma del huevo verde", creado en coautoría con el escritor cubano Betán. Chile.
2007
 Recibe, en coautoría con Alex Pelayo, Mención Especial en la 24´ Biennale Internazionale dell´Umorismo nell´Arte-Tolentino. Italia.
 Recibe, en coautoría con Alex Pelayo, Premio Especial en el Concurso Internacional de Humor Gráfico. Stuttgart 2007. Alemania.
 Recibe, en co.-autoría con Alex Pelayo, Primer Premio en el III Concurso Internacional de Humor Gráfico Universidad de Lleida. España.
2006
 Es finalista, en coautoría con Aramís Quintero, en el I Concurso de Literatura Infantil con el libro El abuelo de Dios. Editorial SM. Chile.
2005
 Es finalista del Concurso de Literatura Infantil Julio C. Coba, con el libro El inspector Mantú. Editorial LIBRESA. Ecuador.
 Recibe Premio Especial de la Asociación de Periodistas, en el 25 Concurso Internacional "Nasreddin Hodja", por obra de humor gráfico creada en coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Turquía.
 Recibe Segundo Premio en el Primer Festival Internacional de Caricaturas de Porto De Humor, por obra de humor gráfico creada en coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Brasil.
2004
 Recibe Homenaje como fundador, director general, codirector artístico, coguionista y comediante de la Compañía La Seña del Humor, en su XX Aniversario. Teatro Mella de La Habana y Teatro Sauto de Matanzas. Cuba.
2003
 Recibe Mención Honorífica en el Festival Internacional de Caricatura Ricardo Rendón, por su obra de humor gráfico creada en coautoría con Alex Pelayo. Colombia.
2002
 Recibe el Segundo Premio "Julio Cortazar" del Concurso Internacional de Cuento Breve de la Fundación de Poetas, por su cuento "Matrix". Argentina.
 Recibe el Tercer Premio en Cuento del Concurso Poetiamores, con su cuento "Él y Ella". Argentina.
 Recibe Premio en el Concurso de Cuento del Instituto Cultural Francés de Buenos Aires, por su cuento "Dominó". Argentina.
 Recibe Mención Honrosa en el Segundo Concurso Internacional de Poesía y Narrativa, modalidad Cuento, convocado por el Instituto Cultural Latinoamericano, por su cuento "El cumpleaños". Argentina.
 Es finalista en el Concurso Internacional de Cuento Breve aBrace 2002. Uruguay-Brasil.
1991
 Recibe el Primer Premio en Artículo compartido con otro artículo suyo en coautoría con Pible; Mención Honrosa en Cuento y el Primer Premio en Ensayo en coautoría con el humorista cubano Pible, en el Concurso Nacional "Juan Angel Cardi", de Literatura Humorística. San Antonio de los Baños. Cuba.
1984
 Recibe el Premio Nacional Girasol de la Popularidad, en coautoría con el escritor cubano Aramís Quintero, como libretistas del espectáculo "La esclava v/s el árabe" del Conjunto Nacional de Espectáculos. La Habana. Cuba.
1982
 Recibe el Primer Premio en el género de cuento en el Concurso Literario "Bonifacio  Byrne". Matanzas. Cuba.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página personal del autor
 Pelayaserías Blog del autor
 Pepe Pelayo en Imaginaria
 Pepe Pelayo en Lecturalia
 Clase magistal de Pepe Pelayo en Diplomado de la Universidad Católica de Chile
 Mariela Sagel entrevista a Pepe Pelayo en Panamá
 El Diario ecuatoriano en línea Hoy entrevista a Pepe Pelayo
Fotochístesis de Pepe Pelayo por Osvaldo Macedo de Sous

Humoristas de Cuba
Humoristas de Chile
Escritores de Cuba
Escritores de Chile
Escritores en español
Escritores de literatura infantil de Cuba
Escritores de literatura infantil de Chile
Ingenieros civiles de Chile
Emigrantes cubanos hacia Chile
Cuentacuentos
Nacidos en Matanzas (Cuba)

Pepe Pelayo


بلدية جارجانتا لا أولا ، هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة قصرش والتي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا، غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 1.157 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قصرش
بلديات قصرش

جارجانتا لا أولا


Roche (F. Hoffmann–La Roche) is a Swiss healthcare company.

Roche may also refer to:

Companies
Roche Diagnostics, a division of F. Hoffmann–La Roche
 Roche Applied Science, a business group of Roche Diagnostics

Places

France
Roche, Isère, in the Isère department
Roche, Loire, in the Loire department
Roches, Creuse, in the Creuse department
Roches, Loir-et-Cher, in the Loir-et-Cher department

Switzerland
 Roche, Vaud, in the Aigle district, canton of Vaud
 Roches, Switzerland, a village in the canton of Bern

United Kingdom
 Roche, Cornwall
 Roche Abbey, South Yorkshire, England

United States
 Roche de Bout, a rock formation in the Maumee River near the town of Waterville, Ohio, in Farnsworth Metropark

Further afield
 Roche (crater), a crater on the Moon

People
 Roche (surname)
 Roche baronets, baronetcy of Great Britain
 Roche Braziliano, Dutch buccaneer
 The Roches, Irish-American singer-songwriter group of siblings

Science and mathematics
 Roche limit (also known as the "Roche radius"), a concept in celestial mechanics
 Roche lobe, a concept in celestial mechanics
 Roche (spider), a spider genus in the family Ochyroceratidae
 Rouché's theorem

Other uses
 Roch (disambiguation)
 Rivière des Roches (disambiguation)
 Roche convention, a defense against a one notrump (1NT) opening in contract bridge
 Ruché, an Italian wine grape

Roche (disambiguation)


Kamarna ist ein Dorf (estnisch küla) in der Landgemeinde Alutaguse (bis 2017 Illuka). Es liegt im Kreis Ida-Viru (Ost-Wierland) im Nordosten Estlands.

Beschreibung und Geschichte
Das Dorf hat heute nur noch drei Einwohner (Stand 2011).

Kamarna wurde erstmals 1583 urkundlich erwähnt, ist aber wahrscheinlich sehr viel älter. Der Ortsname kommt vermutlich vom russischen Wort für Stechmücke ("Комар"). In der weitgehend unberührten Moorlandschaft von Kamarna vermehren sich in den Sommermonaten die Mücken rasant. In den Sumpfgebieten brüten zahlreiche wilde Schwäne.

Weblinks
 Beschreibung und Geschichte (estnisch)

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Estland
Alutaguse
Ersterwähnung 1583

Kamarna


Sergey Bratkov () né le  à Kharkiv (URSS) est un photographe ukrainien. Il est membre du groupe Gosprom issu de l'école de photographie de Kharkiv.

Biographie
De 1978 à 1983, il suit des études d'ingéniérue électrique à l'Institut polytechnique de Kharkiv. Il devient membre du groupe Gosprom de lécole de photographie de Kharkiv en 1987. Depuis 2000, il vit à Moscou où il enseigne à l'école Rodchenko de photographie et d'art multimédia.

Expositions
Il a été exposé à la Biennale de São Paulo (2002) et à la Biennale de Venise (2003, 2007 et 2011).

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Article connexe
 École de photographie de Kharkiv

Liens externes
 Présentation de l'artiste, sur le site du Moksop (Museum of the Kharkiv School of Photography)
 Présentation de l'artiste, sur le site de la Kharkiv School of Photography

Photographe ukrainien du XXe siècle
Photographe ukrainien du XXIe siècle
Photographie documentaire
Naissance à Kharkiv
Naissance en juin 1960

Sergey Bratkov


Sarıtepe Kampüsü veya Kilyos Kampüsü, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'nin Sarıyer, İstanbul'da Kilyos koyunda bulunan kampüsüdür. Ana kampüslere 34 km mesafededir.

Tarihçe ve kampüsün içerdikleri
1985 yılında, Rektör Ergün Toğrol zamanında üniversitenin hazırladığı proje uyarınca "öğrencilerin sosyal ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak için yataklı sağlık merkezleri, mediko sosyal merkezleri, yabancı diller koyu yapılmak" üzere Maliye Bakanlığı tarafından tahsis edilen 1.272.600 m²'lik alan üzerine kurulmuştur.

Üniversite'nin bu alan üzerindeki inşaatları 1991 yılında Biyomedikal Enstitüsü kompleksi (UNESCO Merkezi, araştırma laboratuvarları, konferans merkezi ve destek üniteleri) ile başladı. Üstün Ergüder ve Sabih Tansal'ın rektörlük dönemlerinde bu inşaatlar tamamlandı. 1995 yılında Üniversite Senatosu'nda görüşülen stratejik plan uyarınca YADYOK binası inşaatına başlandı. 2001 yılında inşaat programına alınan yurt ve konut binaları ise bir yıl içinde tamamlandı.

2002-2003 akademik yılında, yaklaşık 200 öğrenci kapasiteli, 1. Kilyos Kuzey Yurt Binası hizmete açıldı. 2003-2004 yılında Sarıtepe'de kalan Hazırlık öğrencileri, B blokta (Biyomedikal Enstitüsü için yapılan binalardan biri) açılan dersliklerde eğitim görmeye başladılar. 2004-2005 akademik yılında 1. Kilyos Güney Yurt Binası da hizmete açılarak Sarıtepe'de kalan öğrenci sayısı 355'e yükseldi. 2008-2009 akademik yılında 2.Kilyos Yurdu hizmete açılarak Sarıtepe'de kalan öğrenci sayısı 750'ye yükseldi. 2014-2015 Akademik Yılının ikinci döneminde 560 kişi kapasiteli 3. Kilyos Yurdu hizmete açıldı. 2. Kilyos Yurdu'nun depreme dayanıksız olduğu rapor edildiğinden dolayı şu an faaliyet göstermemektedir. 1. Kilyos Yurdu (Prof. Dr. Halide Sevim Yavuzer Öğrenci Yurdu) kız öğrenciler, 3. Kilyos Yurdu ve 3. Kilyos Yurdu Ek Bina (Misafirhane) erkek öğrenciler için kullanılmaktadır.

Kampüs hayatı
Devam eden çevre düzenleme çalışmalarına paralel olarak Sarıtepe Kampüsü'ndaki sosyal-kültürel faaliyetler de hızla gelişiyor. Özellikle Tiyatro, Folklor, Sinema ve Müzik kulüplerinin yönlendirdikleri faaliyetler çerçevesinde, eğitim çalışmaları ve sahne gösterileri yoğun olarak sürüyor.

Masa tenisi, bilardo, beden eğitimi, bilgisayar salonu, basketbol, kum voleybolu sahaları, 3 öğün yemek verildiği yemekhanesi, kantini, TV salonu, çamaşırhanesi, ütü odası, müzik çalışma, müzik dinleme odaları, reviri ve gelişmekte olan kütüphanesi ile Sarıtepe Kampüsü, öğrenciler ve personel için yaşamın tüm alanlarını kapsayan bir hizmet ağı sunuyor.

Sarıtepe Kampüsü'nun bir özelliği de, dünyadaki belli başlı kumul alanlarından birinin üzerinde yer alması. Üniversite, kumul hareketliliğinin ve kumul bitkilerinin öneminin bilincinde olarak, bu coğrafyanın korunması yönünde bazı projelerin oluşturulmasını da desteklemekte. Çevrede sayıları sürekli artan başka oluşumlar ile kıyaslandığında Boğaziçi Üniversitesi'nin buradaki yapılanması şimdiden sınırlanmış durumda.

Sarıtepe Kampüsü Sosyal Tesisi, özellikle hafta sonlarında deniz ve kumsaldan yararlanmak isteyen akademik ve idari personele ve öğrencilere, Burç Beach plajı hizmet veriyor.

Ulaşım
59RK ve 59HS İETT otobüs hatları kampüsün içine kadar hizmet vermektedir.

59RK öğrenciler arasında otobüse binmek için oluşturulan uzun kuyruklar ve ayakta gidilen kalabalık yolculuklarıyla bilinir. 59RK otobüs hattının ilk durağı Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Güney Kampüs'ü ve son durağı Sarıtepe Kampüsü olduğu için bu hat Boğaziçi Üniversitesi öğrencileriyle özdeşleşmiştir. Ayrıca Boğaziçi Üniversitesi resmi Spotify hesabında 59RK otobüsünde dinlemek için bir çalma listesi bulunur.

Araştırma Laboratuvarları
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sarıtepe Kampüsü'nde Kıyı Mühendisliği Laboratuvarı, Rüzgar Enerji Santrali(BÜRES), Yenilenebilir Enerji Teknolojileri Laboratuvarı(BÜRET), Kent Laboratuvarı, Mikroyosun Teknolojileri Laboratuvarı olmak üzere 5 araştırma laboratuvarı bulunmaktadır.

Kampüsteki Rüzgar Enerji Santrali'nde (BÜRES) kampüsün kullandığı tüm elektriğin fazlası üretilmektedir. Bu alanda Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sarıtepe Kampüsü dünyada bir ilki gerçekleştirerek kendi sahip olduğu ve işlettiği bir rüzgar santralinden kampüsün tüm elektriğini üreten ilk üniversite kampüsü olmuştur.

Kaynakça
 Sarıtepe Kampüsü - Boun.edu.tr

Sarıtepe Kampüsü
Türkiye'deki üniversite kampüsleri

Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sarıtepe Kampüsü


ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය (NRR) යනු ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩාවේ කණ්ඩායම් කාර්ය සාධනය විශ්ලේෂණය කිරීමේදී භාවිතා කරන සංඛ්‍යානමය ක්‍රමයකි. එය පාපන්දු ක්‍රීඩාවේ ගෝල වෙනසට අනුව ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීමට සමාන සීමිත ඕවර ලීග් තරඟවලදී සමාන ප්‍රසාද ලකුණු ලබා ගත් කණ්ඩායම් ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීමේ බහුලව භාවිතා වන ක්‍රමයයි.

තනි ඉනිමක ශුලවේ යනු එම කණ්ඩායම ලබා ගන්නා ඕවරයකට සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු, ඔවුන්ට එරෙහිව ලබා ගන්නා ඕවරයකට සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු අඩු කිරීමයි. තරඟාවලියක ශුලවේ යනු කණ්ඩායමක් මුළු තරඟාවලිය පුරාම ලබා ගන්නා ඕවරයකට සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු, සමස්ත තරඟාවලිය පුරාම ඔවුන්ට එරෙහිව ලබා ගන්නා ඕවරයකට සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු අඩු කිරීමයි. මෙය සෑම තරගයකදීම ලබා ගත් ලකුණු අනුපාතයේ බර තැබූ සාමාන්‍යයට සමාන වේ.

ධනාත්මක ශුලවේ යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ කණ්ඩායමක් සමස්ත ප්‍රතිවාදීන්ට වඩා වේගයෙන් ලකුණු ලබා ගන්නා අතර, සෘණ ශුලවේ යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ කණ්ඩායමක් තමන් මුහුණ දුන් කණ්ඩායම්වලට වඩා සෙමින් ලකුණු ලබා ගැනීමයි. එබැවින් ශුලවේ හැකි තරම් ඉහළ මට්ටමක පැවතීම යෝග්‍ය වේ.

ශුලවේ තේරුම් ගැනීමට අපහසු ලෙස නිර්වචනය කර ඇත. එසේම, එය කණ්ඩායම් කෙතරම් ඉක්මනින් ලකුණු රැස් කරන්නේද සහ ලකුණු ලබා දෙන්නේද යන්න මනිනු ලබන අතර, මෙය කණ්ඩායම්වල ජයග්‍රහණ හෝ පරාජයේ මායිම් කොතරම් විශාලද යන්න කිසිසේත්ම සමාන නොවේ (එය අහිමි වූ කඩුලු නොසලකා හරින බැවින්), එබැවින් ශුලවේ විසින් ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීම ඔවුන්  ජයග්‍රහණයේ ප්‍රමාණය අනුව ශ්‍රේණිගත නොකරයි. මෙයින් අදහස් කරන්නේ ඉහළ ශුලවේ නිසා කණ්ඩායමක් තරඟාවලියක ඉදිරියට යන අවස්ථාවක සැබවින්ම ඔවුන් ප්‍රතිවාදීන්ට වඩා හොඳින් ක්‍රීඩා කර ඇතැයි සෑම විටම කිව නොහැක.

ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලානයේදී, ශුලවේ හි පළමු භාවිතය 1992 සංස්කරණයේදී සිදු විය. පෙර සංස්කරණ වල සම වූ අවස්තා වලදී සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු වේගය භාවිතා කරන ලදී.

පියවරෙන් පියවර පැහැදිලි කිරීම
සාමාන්‍ය ලකුණු වේගය යනු කණ්ඩායමක් ලබාගත් ලකුණු ගණන ඕවර ගණනින් බෙදීමෙන් එන සංඛ්‍යාවයි.

උදා:- "ඒ" කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 කදී ලකුණු 275 ක් රැස් කල අතර "බී" කණ්ඩායම ඊට පිළිතුරු ලෙස ඕවර 47 පන්දු 4 කදී ලකුණු 276 ක් ලබා ගනී.

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායමේ ලකුණු වේගය =      "බී" කණ්ඩායමේ ලකුණු වේගය =

දැන් එම තරගයේ ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය සොයමු.

ඒ ජයග්‍රහණය කල කණ්ඩායමේ ලකුණු වේගයෙන් පරාජිත කණ්ඩායමේ ලකුණු වෙගය අඩු කිරීමෙන් ලබා ගත හැක.

ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය =

ඒ අනුව ජයග්‍රාහි කණ්ඩායමේ ශුලවේ 0.29 වන අතර පරාජිත කණ්ඩායමේ ශුලවේ එහි සෘණ අගය වන -0.29 ක් වේ.

මෙය ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය ගණනය කිරීමේ සරලම පැහැදිලි කිරීම වන අතර ප්‍රායෝගික තත්ව මත ගණනය කිරීම් පහත පරිදි වෙනස් විය හැක.

ගණනය කිරීම් වෙනස් වන ආකාරය
සියලුම අවස්ථා සදහා එක් පැත්තකට ඕවර 50 බැගින් වන එක්දින ජාත්‍යන්තර නීති උපකල්පනය කරයි. සෑම විටම "ඒ" කණ්ඩායම පලමුවද "බී" කණ්ඩායම දෙවනුවද පන්දුවට පහරදෙන බවද උපකල්පනය කරන්න.

පලමුව පන්දුවට පහර දුන් කණ්ඩායම ජය ගැනීම (පලමු කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 ක්‍රීඩා කර)
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 308/9 (ඕවර 50)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 278 (ඕවර 42.5)

කණ්ඩායමක සියළු ක්‍රීඩකයන් ඕවර 50 ට පෙර දැවී ගියහොත් එම කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 ක්‍රීඩා කලසේ උපකල්පනය කර ගණනය කිරීම් සිදු කරයි.

ඒ අනුව ශුලවේ,

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම 0.6

"බී" කණ්ඩායම -0.6

දෙවනුව පන්දුවට පහර දුන් කණ්ඩායම ජය ගැනීම (පලමු කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 ක්‍රීඩා කර)
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 308/9 (ඕවර 50)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 309/5 (ඕවර 42.5)

ඒ අනුව ශුලවේ,

"බී" කණ්ඩායම 1.054

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම -1.054

පලමුව පන්දුවට පහර දුන් කණ්ඩායම ජය ගැනීම (පලමු කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 පෙර දැවී ගොස්)
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 308 (ඕවර 48)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 278 (ඕවර 42.5)

කණ්ඩායමක සියළු ක්‍රීඩකයන් ඕවර 50 ට පෙර දැවී ගියහොත් එම කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 ක්‍රීඩා කලසේ උපකල්පනය කර ගණනය කිරීම් සිදු කරයි.

ඒ අනුව ශුලවේ,

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම 0.6

"බී" කණ්ඩායම -0.6

දෙවනුව පන්දුවට පහර දුන් කණ්ඩායම ජය ගැනීම (පලමු කණ්ඩායම ඕවර 50 පෙර දැවී ගොස්)
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 308 (ඕවර 48)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 309/5 (ඕවර 42.5)

ඒ අනුව ශුලවේ,

"බී" කණ්ඩායම 1.054

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම -1.054

තරගය සම වීම
දෙපිලේම ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය 0 වේ.

සංශෝධිත ඩ/ලු/ස් ඉලක්කය සමඟ වූ තරගයක
ඩක්වර්ත් ලුවිස් ක්‍රමය අනුව යැවූ ඕවර සංඛ්‍යාව අඩු කරන තරගවලදී, එම සංශෝධිත ඕවර කණ්ඩායම් දෙකටම ශුලවේ ගණනය කිරීමට ඉහත දක්වා ඇති ක්‍රම අනුව යොදා ගනී.

ප්‍රතිඵලයක් නොමැතිව තරගය අතහැර දැමූ විට
ක්‍රීඩාව නතර කරන විට කුමන අදියරක් පැවතියද, එවැනි ක්‍රීඩා වල ලකුණු ශුලවේ ගණනය කිරීම්වලට අදාල නොවේ.

ප්‍රතිඵලයක් නොමැතිව තරගය අවසන් වී ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය මගින් ජයග්‍රාහක තීරණය කල විට

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 254 (ඕවර 50)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 172/4 (ඕවර 30)

මේ අවස්ථාවේදී වර්ෂාව නිසා තරගය නතර කර ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය අනුව ජයග්‍රාහකයා තීරණය කරන ලදී.

තරගය අත්හරින ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය අනුව, කඩුලු 6ක් සහ ඕවර 20ක් ඉතිරිව තිබීම සම්පත්වලින් 44.6%කට සමාන වන බැවින් "බී" කණ්ඩායම එහි සම්පත්වලින් 55.4%ක් භාවිතා කර ඇත.

ඒ නිසා ඔවුන් ලබාගත යුතු ලකුණු ප්‍රමාණය වන්නේ, 254 x 55.4% = 140.716ක් නොහොත් 140කි. ඔවුන් මෙයින් ඉදිරියෙන් සිටින බැවින්, "බී" කණ්ඩායම ජයග්‍රාහකයා ලෙස ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කරනු ලැබේ.

එවිට,

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම ලකුණු වේගය = ("බී" ලබාගත යුතු ලකුණු/"බී" ක්‍රීඩා කල ඕවර ගණන) =

"බී" කණ්ඩායම ලකුණු වේගය = ("බී" ලබාගත් ලකුණු/"බී" ක්‍රීඩා කල ඕවර ගණන) =

ඒ අනුව ශුලවේ,

"බී" කණ්ඩායම 1.067

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම -1.067

තරගාවලියක ශුලවේ ගණනය කිරීම
තරගාවලියක ශුලවේ ගණනය කිරීම සිදු කරන්නේ එක් එක් තරගයේ ලැබූ ශුලවේ එකතු කිරීමෙන් නොවේ.

එම තරගාවලිය තුල කණ්ඩායම රැස් කල මුළු ලකුණු සංඛ්‍යාවෙන් ඔවුන් මුහුණ දුන් ඕවර ගණනෙන් බෙදා එන අගයත්, ප්‍රතිවාදින්ට දුන් ලකුණු ගණනෙන් ප්‍රතිවාදීන් මුහුණ දුන් ඕවර ගණනෙන් එන අගය අතර වෙනස කණ්ඩායමේ තරගාවලියේ ශුලවේ වේ.

එහිදී නියමිත් ඕවර ගණනට පෙර දැවීයාමකදී පෙර උදාහරණ වලට අනුව සම්පූර්ණ ඕවර ගණනද ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය අනුව ජයග්‍රාහකයා තේරීමේදී අදාල ලකුණු සහ ඕවර ගණනද යොදා ගැනේ.

උදා:-

තරගය 1
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 308/9 (ඕවර 50)

"බී" කණ්ඩායම - 278 (ඕවර 42.5)

"ඒ" කණ්ඩායමට ලකුණු 30ක ජයක්

තරගය 2
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 272 (ඕවර 48)

"සී" කණ්ඩායම - 273/5 (ඕවර 42.5)

"සී" කණ්ඩායමට කඩුළු 3ක ජයක්

තරගය 3
"ඒ" කණ්ඩායම - 254 (ඕවර 50)

"ඩී" කණ්ඩායම - 172/4 (ඕවර 30)

"ඩී" කණ්ඩායමට ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය අනුව ලකුණු 22ක ජයක්

ඒ අනුව "ඒ" කණ්ඩායමේ ශුලවේ,

විවේචන
ශුලවේ ජයග්‍රහණයේ ආන්තිකය නිවැරදිව පිළිබිඹු නොකරයි, මන්ද එය අහිමි වූ කඩුලු පිළිබඳ කිසිදු තැකීමක් නොගන්නා බැවිනි.

ඩ/ලු/ස් ක්‍රමය කණ්ඩායම්වලට ලකුණු, ඕවර සහ කඩුලු ලබා ගැනීම යන තුනම පිළිබද සැලකිලිමත්ට වන අතර ශුලවේ දී සැලකිල්ලට ගනු ලබන්නේ ලකුණු සහ මුහුණ දුන් ඕවර පමණි. එය දැවී ගිය කඩුලු ගැන තැකීමක් නැත. එබැවින්, පහසු ජයග්‍රහණයකට වඩා පටු ජයග්‍රහණයකින් ඉහළ ශුලවේ ලබාගත හැක.

උදාහරණයක් ලෙස, 2013 චැම්පියන්ස් කුසලාන A කාණ්ඩයේ:

නවසීලන්තය විසින් ශ්‍රී ලංකාව ලකුණු 138කට දවා ගත් අතර පසුව ඔවුන් ඕවර 36.3කදී ලකුණු 139-9ට ළඟා වී යන්තමින් ජයග්‍රහණය කලේය. ඔවුන්ගේ ශුලවේ = (139/36.5) - (138/50) = 1.05 ක් විය.

එංගලන්තය ඕවර 50 කදී ලකුණු 293-7 ක් ලබාගත් අතර ශ්‍රී ලංකාව ඕවර 47.1 කදී ලකුණු 297-3 ට ළඟා වී තරගය ජයග්‍රහණය කලේය. ඔවුන්ගේ ශුලවේ = (297/47.167) - (293/50) = 0.44 ක් විය.

අවශ්‍ය ලකුණු ප්‍රමාණය පමණක් අඩු බව පෙනෙන විට කඩුලු රැක ගැනීම ගැන කිසිදු තැකීමක් නොකර පන්දුවට පහර දීමෙන් ශුලවේ උපරිම කිරීමට, ඕනෑවට වඩා ආක්‍රමණශීලී ලෙස ක්‍රීඩා කිරීමට මෙම කරුණ කණ්ඩායමක් දිරිමත් කළ හැකිය.

යොමු කිරීම්

ශුද්ධ ලකුණු වේගය (ක්‍රිකට්)


Muhammed Baba Semmâsî, Türk kökenli mutasavvıf.

Buhâralı olan Muhammed Baba Semmasi, orta boylu, güler yüzlü ve esmer tenli olduğu rivayet edilir. Nakşibendî Silsile-i Sâdâtı'nda 13. sırada bulunan Muhammed Baba Semmasi'yi silsilede kendisinden bir önce gelen Ali Râmitenî'nin vekil olarak tâyin ettiği rivayet edilmiştir.

Şah-ı Nakşıbend'in manevi babasıdır. Hindevan Köşkü isimli köyden aldığı Şah-ı Nakşıbend'i yetiştirmiştir. Muhammed Baba Semmasi 1354 yılında Buhara'ya bağlı Semmas köyünde ölmüştür. Kendisine dört vekil bırakmıştır: Mahmud Semmasi, Mevlana Danişmend Ali, Seyyid Emir Külal ve Sofi Suhari.

Dış bağlantılar
 Semmâsî
 Mevlânâ Muhammed Baba Semmâsî (Kuddise Sirruhû)

Mutasavvıflar
Silsile-i Sadat
Evliyalar

Muhammed Baba Semmâsî


New Zealands tronfølgelov () er en lov, der fastsætter arvefølgen i Det newzealandske monarki. Loven blev vedtaget i december 2013, og den trådte i kraft i marts 2015.

Konferencen i Perth
Tronfølgeloven bygger på de principper, som Australiens daværende premierminister Julia Gillard fik vedtaget på en konference, som Statssamfundets premierministre holdt i Perth, Vestaustralien i oktober 2011.

Det vigtigste princip fra Perth er, at mænd, der fødes efter den 28. oktober 2011, placeres efter deres ældre søstre i tronfølgen.

Vedtagelse i parlamentet
Justitsminister Judith Collins fremsatte lovforslaget den 18. februar 2013. Parlamentet vedtog loven den 10. december 2013, og den blev stadfæstet af generalguvernøren den 17. december samme år.
Tronfølgeloven trådte i kraft den 26. marts 2015.

Tronfølgeordninger
Det newzealandske monarki

Royal Succession Act 2013 (New Zealand)


Ana Mirela Țermure () este o fostă aruncătoare cu sulița din România.

Carieră
Anei Mirela Țermure este multiplă campioană națională și deține recordul național cu 65,08 metri, stabilit în București pe 10 iunie 2001.

Ea a participat la Jocurile Olimpice din 2000 de la Sydney dar nur a reușit să se califice în finală. La Campionatul Mondial din 2001 a fost testată pozitiv pentru norandrosteron și a primit o interdicție de doi ani.

După retragere sa din activitate a devenit antrenor federal in cadrul Federației Române de Atletism.

Competiții internaționale

Referințe

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1975
Atleți la Jocurile Olimpice de vară din 2000
Oameni în viață
Atleți olimpici români
Oameni din județul Bistrița-Năsăud
Aruncători cu sulița
Sportivi români implicați în cazuri de dopaj

Ana Mirela Țermure


شمس منتصف الليل  هي الرواية مُصاحب صدرت عام 2020 لكتاب سلسلة الشفق الصادر عام 2005 للمؤلفة ستيفاني ماير. الفكرة وراء هذا الكتاب الخامس من السلسلة هو إعادة سرد الرواية الأولى الغسق لكن من منظور إدوارد كولين خلافا لمنظور بيلا سوان. ماير قد ذكرت أن الغسق هو الكتاب الوحيد من المجموعة التي كانت تخطط لإعادة الكتابة فيها من وجهة نظر إدوارد. ولاعطائهم شعورأفضل لشخصية إدوارد، سمحت ماير لكاثرين هاردويك (مديرة فيلم الشفق) وروبرت باتينسون (الممثل الذي يلعب دور إدوارد) بقراءة بعض الفصول المنتهية من الرواية أثناء تصوير الفيلم.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

 شبه مسودة «شمس منتصف الليل»
 غسق ساغا ويكي

روايات أمريكية 2020
روايات سلسلة الشفق
روايات غير مكتملة
روايات فانتازية أمريكية
سلسلة الشفق

شمس منتصف الليل (رواية)


Papinsko vijeće za jedinstvo kršćana jedno je od papinskih vijeća (dikasterija) Rimske kurije, zaduženo za promociju jedinstva kršćana.

Papa Ivan XXIII. utemeljio je Tajništvo za jedinstvo kršćana 5. lipnja 1960., što je bila jedna od pripremnih komisija vijeća. Kardinal Augustin Bea, S.I., bio je njegov prvi predsjednik.

Papa Pavao VI. potvrdio je Tajništvo za jedinstvo kršćana kao stalni odjel Rimske kurije 1966. godine. Apostolskom konstitucijom Pastor Bonus pape Ivana Pavla II., 28. lipnja 1988. promijenjen je naziv koji se koristi i danas.

Papinsko vijeće za jedinstvo kršćana promiče ekumenski duh u Katoličkoj Crkvi, u skladu s dekretom Unitatis redintegratio Drugoga vatikanskog koncila te razvija dijalog i suradnju s drugim kršćanskim Crkvama.

Trenutno Papinsko vijeće bavi se međunarodnim teološkim dijalogom sa sljedećim Crkvama:
Pravoslavna crkva
Koptska crkva
Anglikanska zajednica
Luterani
Svjetski metodistički savjet
Svjetski baptistički savez
Neke pentekostalne zajednice.

Papinsko vijeće nastoji promicati jedinstvo i s evangelicima. Povjerenstvo Svete Stolice za vjerske odnose sa Židovima također je postavljeno unutar ovoga Papinskog vijeća.

Papinska vijeća

Papinsko vijeće za jedinstvo kršćana


Hrvatsko katoličko dobrotvorno društvo je dobrotvorno društvo Hrvata katolika. Sjedište je u Sarajevu, Obala Maka Dizdara 10. Glavni mu je cilj duhovni i materijalni preporod hrvatskoga katoličkog pučanstva.

Povijest
Osnovano je u Sarajevu 21. travnja 1991. godine radi duhovnog, kulturnog i materijalnog preporoda hrvatskog naroda. Pravila Društva utemeljena su na načelima Evanđelja i potvrđena su od Nadbiskupa Vrhbosanskog ordinarijata u Sarajevu pod br. 562/91. Više je puta moralo biti registrirano odnosno preregistrirano zbog raznih zakonskih izmjena. Prvi je put registrirano kod Višeg suda u Sarajevu 23. svibnja 1991. god. Tijekom Domovinskog rata i u poraću Društvo još se nekoliko puta preregistriralo prema propisima nadležnih ustanova za humanitarne udruge. Posljednja u nizu bila je kod Federalnog ministarstva pravde 28. siječnja 2003. godine. Do danas je HKDD napravilo mnogo dobrih djela na humanitarnoj, kulturnoj i odgojnoj razini diljem Bosne i Hercegovine i Hrvatske.

Prema svom statutu, HKDD može si osnovati ogranke i povjereništva. Do 20. obljetnice aktivno su djelovali ogranci u Varešu, Novom Travniku, Prozoru-Rami, Žepču i Zagrebu te Povjereništva u Münchenu i Senigalliji.

Ciljevi
Glavni cilj HKDD-a je duhovni i materijalni preporod hrvatskoga katoličkog pučanstva.

HKDD pomaže obiteljima i bračnim drugovima, svim osobama kojima treba pomoć, kako u savjetima i razgovorima tako i materijalno prema mogućnostima. Organizira prikupljanje i dijeljenje materijalne pomoći, zbrinjava i pomaže ljude u izvanrednim prilikama, pruža besplatne i prihvatljive zdravstvene obrtničko-stručne i druge usluge potrebitima, posreduje kod traženja posla, stana, upisa u školu, smještaja u studentske i đačke domove, sudjeluje u stipendiranju, surađuje s invalidnim osobama (kao što su udruženja slijepih, distrofičara, gluhonijemih i sl.) pribavlja ortopedska pomagala i lijekove, organizira patronažne službe, pomaže napuštenoj djeci i siročadi, djeci bez mogućnosti normalnog razvitka, života i odgoja i dr. Poziva na susrete i priredbe duhovnog i kulturnog sadržaja. Naglasak pomoći je na osobe iz siromašnih slojeva.

Planiraju osnovati studentske domove, domove za napuštenu djecu, smještati djecu u obitelji koje mogu pružiti djeci pravilne uvjete za život, te odgoj i obrazovanje ako im to roditelji nisu u mogućnosti to pružiti, osnivati radionice, servise i sl. za angažiranje nezaposlenih, osobito invalidnih osoba.

Ciljeve i djelatnosti ostvaruje kroz savjetovališta, zdravstvene usluge, kulturno-odgojne usluge, obrtničko-stručne usluge, karitativne usluge.

HKDD se financira iz članarina, dobrotvornih priloga, dotacija, zaklada i sredstava iz različitih djelatnosti HKDD-a.

Humanitarne akcije
Društvo veoma aktivno u pružanju karitativne pomoći u odjeći, obući, hrani, namještaju, kućnim strojevima i sl.

Preko deset godina djeluje projekt pomoći ljudima na selu ,,Dobri pastir. Vid je beskamatnog kredita. Koncipiran je tako da korisniku omogućavaju određeni broj ovaca, krava, pčela koje korisnici vraćaju u sljedeće tri godine.

 Objekti
Društvo je realiziralo brojne pothvate u domeni duhovnog, kulturnog i materijalnog boljitka Hrvata u Bosni i Hercegovini. Podiglo je :
 Studentski domovi: tijekom 1996. studentske domove Katarina Kosača (muški studentski dom) i tijekom 1998. Diva Grabovčeva (ženski studentski dom) u Zagrebu u Hrvatskoj te 2017. don Dragan Dujmušić na Stupu u BiH, koji je svečano otvorio hrvatski premijer.
 Ramska kuća, kulturno-športski-rekreacijski centar na Makljenu.
 Sarajevski gostinjac prof. dr. Krunoslav Draganović'' u Bojničkoj 183, Sarajevo, blizu zračne luke i terme Ilidža.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Službene stranice HKDD-a

Kultura Hrvata Bosne i Hercegovine
Humanitarnost u Bosni i Hercegovini
Humanitarne organizacije
Sarajevo

Hrvatsko katoličko dobrotvorno društvo


protista este un regn al domeniului Eucariotelor. Acesta include toate algele a căror cloroplaste conțin clorofila a și c, precum și diverse forme incolore care sunt strâns legate de ele. Aceste cloroplaste sunt înconjurate de patru membrane, și se susține ideea că au fost achiziționate de la unele alge roșii.

Grupuri
Regnul Chromista a fost definit în moduri diferite la momente diferite. Numele de Chromista a fost introdus pentru prima dată de Cavalier-Smith în 1981. Numele anterioare Chromophyta, Chromobiota și Chromobionta corespund aproximativ aceluiași grup.

Acesta a fost descris ca fiind compus din trei grupuri diferite:
 Heterokonta sau stramenopile: alge brune, diatomee, matrite, etc.
 Haptophyta
 Cryptomonada
În 2010, Thomas Cavalier-Smith a indicat dorința sa de a muta Alveolata, Rhizaria și Heliozoa în Chromista.

Filogenia

Referințe

Eucariote

Chromista


Olaylar
 2. Balkan Seferi'nde Attila, Dacia Ripensis bölgesindeki (bugünkü Plevne) Utus Savaşında Arnegisclus komutasındaki Bizans ordularını imha etti.

Doğumlar

Ölümler

446


Park Jung-Bin (født 22. februar 1994) er en sydkoreansk fodboldspiller, der senest spillede for Viborg FF.

Karriere
Han fik sin debut i Regionalliga Nord i 2011 for VfL Wolfsburg II. I vintertransfervinduet 2012–13 i sæsonen 2013-14 blev han udlånt til SpVgg Greuther Fürth indtil midten af juni 2014. Han fik sin debut i Bundesligaen i en kamp mod FC Bayern München.

Karlsruher SC
Karlsruher SC annoncerede den 1. september 2013, at Park Jung-bin havde skrevet under på en treårig aftale med klubben.

Hobro IK
Det blev offentliggjort den 30. august 2015, at Hobro IK og Park Jung-bin havde indgået en toårig aftale. Park Jung-bin fik sin debut for Hobro IK den 11. september i en kamp imod AGF. Han startede på banen, men blev skiftet ud efter 52. minutter. Park Jung-bin scorede sit første mål for Hobro IK den 3. oktober 2015 i et 2-1-nederlag til Randers FC.

Viborg FF
Den 30. juni 2016 blev han købt af Viborg FF, hvor han skrev under på en treårig kontrakt.

Den 4. juni 2019 oplyste Viborg FF at han ikke ville forlænge kontrakten .

Servette FC
Jung-Bin park spiller nu for den schweiziske klub, Servette FC. Det blev offentliggjort d. 18. november 2019.

Kontrakten løber intil 30/06 - 2020.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Park Jung-bin  på Hobro IK

Fodboldspillere fra Sydkorea
Fodboldspillere fra VfL Wolfsburg
Fodboldspillere fra Greuther Fürth
Fodboldspillere fra Karlsruher SC
Fodboldspillere fra Hobro IK
Fodboldspillere fra Viborg FF

Park Jung-bin


Forbidden Zone is an American absurdist musical fantasy comedy film produced and directed by independent filmmaker Richard Elfman, and co-written by Elfman and Matthew Bright. Shot in 1977 and 1978, the film premiered in 1980 and was distributed in 1982. Originally shot on black-and-white film, Forbidden Zone is based upon the stage performances of the Los Angeles theater troupe The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo, of which Elfman, Bright and many of the cast and crew were a part, and revolves around an alternate universe accessed through a door in the house of the Hercules family.

The composing debut of Danny Elfman, it stars Hervé Villechaize, Susan Tyrrell and members of the Mystic Knights, with appearances by Warhol superstar Viva, Joe Spinell and The Kipper Kids. Villechaize kicked his cheque back into production and even painted sets on weekends. The only paid actor was Phil Gordon, who played Flash; all the other SAG actors put their money back into the show.

The film was made as an attempt to capture the essence of The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo's live performances in a cinematic sense, and also as a means for both director Elfman to retire from music to work on film projects, and to serve as a transition between the group's former cabaret style and a new wave-based style. Amid negative reactions to content in the film that had been perceived as being offensive, Forbidden Zone was screened as a midnight movie, where it was met with positive notices, and developed a large and eventually worldwide cult following. In 2004, the film was digitally restored and released on DVD, and in 2008, the film was colorized.

Said Elfman, "Doing anything original is taking a chance. Financially it bankrupted me and we lost our house. But I'm still glad I did it (although I'd change a few things if I had a time machine, of course)."

A prospective sequel, entitled Forbidden Zone 2: The Forbidden Galaxy, has long been in development by Elfman, who launched a successful crowdfunding campaign in 2014 to raise an initial sum. As of 2019, the sequel is still in the stages of development but regularly updated and discussed by Elfman. Elfman has also licensed Forbidden Zone as an intellectual property for manufacturers to produce collectibles based on the film's characters.

Plot
The film begins on "Friday, April 17" at 4 p.m. in Venice, California. Huckleberry P. Jones (local pimp, narcotics peddler, and slumlord) enters a vacant house that he owns. While stashing heroin in the basement, he stumbles upon a mysterious door and enters it, falling into the Sixth Dimension, from which he promptly escapes. After retrieving the heroin, he sells the house to the Hercules family. On their way to school, Frenchy Hercules and her brother Flash have a conversation with Squeezit Henderson, who tells them that, while being violently beaten by his mother, he has a vision of his transgender sister René, who had fallen into the Sixth Dimension through the door in the Hercules' basement.

Frenchy returns home to confide in her mother, and decides to take just a "little peek" behind the forbidden door in the basement. After arriving in the Sixth Dimension, she is captured by the perpetually topless Princess, who brings Frenchy to the rulers of the Sixth Dimension, the midget King Fausto and his queen, Doris. When the king falls for Frenchy, Doris orders their frog servant, Bust Rod, to lock her up. In order to make sure that Frenchy is not harmed, Fausto tells Bust Rod to take Frenchy to Cell 63, where the king keeps his favorite concubines (as well as René).

The next day at school, Flash tries to convince Squeezit to help him rescue René and Frenchy. When Squeezit refuses, Flash enlists the help of Gramps instead. In the Sixth Dimension, they speak to an old Jewish man who tells them how to help Frenchy escape, but they soon are captured by Bust Rod. Doris interrogates Flash and Gramps before lowering them into a large septic tank. She then plots her revenge against Frenchy, relocating all the denizens of Cell 63 to a torture chamber. She leaves the Princess to oversee Frenchy's torture and execution, but when a fuse is blown, the torture is put on hold and the prisoners from Cell 63 are relocated to keep the King from finding them.

After escaping the septic tank, Flash and Gramps come across a woman who tells them that she was once happily married to the king, until Doris stole the throne by seducing her, "even though she's not my type". The ex-queen has been sitting in her cell for 1,000 years, and has been writing a screenplay in order to keep her sanity. Meanwhile, Pa Hercules is blasted through the stratosphere by an explosion caused by improperly extinguishing his cigarette in a vat of highly flammable tar during his work break at the La Brea Tar Pit Factory. After re-entry, Pa falls through the Hercules family basement and into the Sixth Dimension, where he is imprisoned.

Finding a phone, Flash calls Squeezit and again asks for his help. Finally, Squeezit agrees to go into the Sixth Dimension to help rescue Frenchy and René. There, he is captured by Satan, with whom he makes a deal to bring him the Princess in exchange for Satan's help freeing René and Frenchy. Squeezit accomplishes this task, but has failed to include himself in the deal to rescue his friends, and the devil has him decapitated. Queen Doris sends Bust Rod to keep an eye on the king, and to ensure he doesn't find out where she's hidden Frenchy.

Fausto catches Bust Rod and forces him to lead him to Frenchy and René, whom he orders to leave the Sixth Dimension to avoid the Queen's wrath. However, en route to safety, René is stricken with pseudo-menstrual cramps, and they are again captured by the frog. Squeezit's head, which has now sprouted chicken wings, finds the king and informs him of what has happened.

While preparing to kill Frenchy, Doris is confronted by the ex-queen, and the two engage in a cat-fight, with Doris eventually coming out as the victor. Just as she is about to kill Frenchy, Fausto stops her, explaining that Satan's Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo are holding the Princess hostage, and will kill her should anything befall Frenchy. Flash and Gramps arrive, and Flash is knocked down by Gramps. Ma Hercules enters and, seeing a seemingly dead Flash, shoots Doris. Fausto mourns Doris, then marries Frenchy.

The surviving characters look toward a great future as they plan to take over everyone and everything in the Galaxy.

Cast
 Hervé Villechaize as King Fausto of the Sixth Dimension
 Susan Tyrrell as Queen Doris of the Sixth Dimension / Ruth Henderson
 Gisele Lindley as The Princess
 Jan Stuart Schwartz as Bust Rod
 Marie-Pascale Elfman as Susan B. "Frenchy" Hercules.
 Virginia Rose as Ma Hercules
 Ugh-Fudge Bwana as Huckleberry P. Jones / Pa Hercules
 Phil Gordon as Flash Hercules
 Hyman Diamond as Gramps Hercules
 Toshiro Boloney as Squeezit Henderson / René Henderson
 Danny Elfman as Satan
 Viva as The Ex-Queen
 Joe Spinell as Mr. Henderson
 The Kipper Kids as Themselves
 Kedric Wolfe as Miss Feldman / Human Chandelier
 Herman Bernstein as Mr. Bernstein, the Old Yiddish Man
 Richard Elfman as a masseuse and a prisoner

Musical numbers
 "Forbidden Zone" (Danny Elfman) – Danny Elfman and The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo
 "Some of These Days" (Shelton Brooks) – Pa Hercules, Frenchy and Ma Hercules
 "Beautiful Dreamer" (excerpt) (Stephen Foster) – Ma Hercules
 "La Petite Tonkinoise" (Vincent Scotto, Henri Christiné, Georges Villard) - Frenchy (voice of Josephine Baker)
 "Bim Bam Boom" (Noro Morales, Johnny Camacho) - The Kipper Kids and Miguelito Valdés
 "Witch's Egg" (Susan Tyrrell, Georg Michalski) – Doris
 "Pleure" (Jérôme Savary) – Frenchy (voice of Josephine Baker)
 "Alphabet Song" (D. Elfman) – Miss Feldman, Flash, Squeezit and Schoolkids
 "Queen's Revenge" (D. Elfman) – Doris, Frenchy, Princess, René and Prisoners
 "Pico and Sepulveda" (Eddie Maxwell, Jule Styne) – Pa Hercules and Chorus (voices of Felix Figueroa & His Orchestra)
 "Squeezit the Moocher" (Cab Calloway, Irving Mills, D. Elfman) – Squeezit, The Princess, Satan and The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo
 "Yiddishe Charleston" (Billy Rose, Fred Fisher) – Mr. Bernstein and Doris
 "Finale" (D. Elfman, R. Elfman, Nicholas James) – Frenchy, Fausto, Princess, Doris, Ex-Queen, The Kipper Kids, The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo, Flash, Gramps, René, Squeezit, Huckleberry and Company

Production

Development
The Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo were formed in late 1972 by Richard Elfman, as a musical theatre troupe. As Richard's interest shifted to filmmaking, he passed leadership of the band to younger brother Danny Elfman. Danny, who had begun to lose interest in musical theatre, had gained interest in other musical styles such as ska, and had become "sick of lugging around so much stuff with the theatre troupe. Towards the end", he remembers, "it was a big production... there was, like a semi full of stuff. And that was becoming burdensome. So, for me, the idea of being a band that can fit all their gear into a van and set up in a club, and an hour later be playing, became a goal." Production began during a transitional period when the group was moving from its cabaret style towards a more pop/rock format; by the time the film was completed, the band had shortened its name to Oingo Boingo.

The film was originally conceived as The Hercules Family, a 16mm musical that consisted of twelve musical numbers and a story loosely constructed around them. But as the project grew to 35mm and the storyline evolved, Richard Elfman found himself re-shooting many of the original scenes to fit the new film. Two sequences from the original 16mm footage were featured on the 2004 DVD release: one of Danny Elfman, as Satan, performing "Minnie the Moocher" (later reshot with visual elements borrowed from the original 16mm sequence and alternate lyrics), and another of Marie-Pascale Elfman, singing "Johnny". The sequence with Elfman as Satan, and members of the Oingo Boingo as his minions, came from live shows, in which the band would perform Cab Calloway tunes like "St. James Infirmary Blues" in the same costumes.

Marie-Pascale Elfman, at the time of shooting, was married to director Richard Elfman. She designed the film's expressionistic sets and starred in the film. Actor and former Mystic Knight Gene Cunningham helped fund the film. When Cunningham and Elfman ran out of money during production, Richard and Marie-Pascale Elfman helped finance by selling houses, before Carl Borack put money into the production in order for Elfman to complete the film. According to Elfman, he had originally intended the film to be screened in color, stating that the original plan was to ship the film to China, where each frame would be hand-tinted, but that this plan was not practical within the production costs. Elfman ultimately went bankrupt during the production of Forbidden Zone and had to assign the rights away in order to finish the film; in 2015, Elfman regained the full rights to Forbidden Zone.

Casting
Actor Hervé Villechaize was a former roommate of co-writer and co-star Matthew Bright; Villechaize had previously dated co-star Susan Tyrrell. The Elfmans' grandfather, Herman Bernstein, also appeared in the film, and Richard Elfman's accountant appeared under the name "Hyman Diamond" because Elfman had no idea whether or not he wanted to be credited. Others who worked on the film include The Kipper Kids (Brian Routh and Martin von Haselberg), Joe Spinell, and former Warhol superstar Viva.

Writing
Forbidden Zone featured Bright's first work on film, and his only work as an actor (under the name "Toshiro Baloney"). A founding member of the Mystic Knights, Bright later became a screenwriter and director in his own right. Bright's credits include Freeway, Ted Bundy, and Tiptoes. Bright and director Richard Elfman's only dispute during the screenwriting process was over a scene in which his character, Squeezit, was originally to have been beaten up for eight minutes and having the walls wiped with his blood. Another scene cut from the script would have had Squeezit being castrated. According to Bright, "I didn't have any sense of limits or balance then, at the time, I... you know, I was just, didn't know what I was doing. I needed reining in." During filming, Bright was sitting on the set in costume when a lighting stand fell onto his head, cracking his skull, and he had to be rushed to the hospital. When Bright returned to work the next day, he had a mild concussion and whiplash, but he continued with filming.

Directing
Richard Elfman had never gone to film school when production started, and "I didn't know what I was getting into." The production, from its original 16mm roots to its finish, took three years. Cast and crew members would sleep on the film's stage, wearing spare gorilla suits to stay warm. Among the film's artistic influences included 1940s big band and jazz music and Max Fleischer cartoons of the 1930s (such as Betty Boop). Some of the film's cast was made up of non-professionals cast off the street. In one scene, Richard Elfman brought in a young man to mouth the words of "Bim Bam Boom", but when he was put in front of the camera, he stood there as the scene was shot. Elfman left the scene in the film by editing in Bright's lips over the actor's face. Another scene featured homeless men.

Animation
The film's animation was created by then-unknown animator John Muto. Because of the film's low budget, Muto created all of the film's animation sequences himself. Muto made frequent use of airbrush techniques to establish for himself a distinctive style. For sequences in which live-action and animation were combined, the actors were photographed in tight head-on and profile shots, and the photos were cut out and pasted into the animation in a style recalling Terry Gilliam's work on Monty Python's Flying Circus. Muto also credits the Fleischer Brothers as another inspiration.

Music

Forbidden Zone was the first film scored by Danny Elfman, who would eventually score, among other films, Batman, The Nightmare Before Christmas, and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. The song Witch's Egg was written by Georg Michalski and Tyrrell. In some scenes, characters lip synch to old records, including recordings by Cab Calloway, Josephine Baker, and others.

The alphabet song performed in a classroom scene was inspired by the "Swinging the Alphabet" song from The Three Stooges short Violent Is the Word for Curly.

For the "Yiddishe Charleston" scene, Richard Elfman had shot the sequence with him lip-syncing to an old recording of the song, but was later unable to acquire the rights to the recording, and had to record a new version of the song while attempting to sync the new recording with the footage.

The film's soundtrack has also become popular, and its theme song was eventually reused by Danny Elfman, who rearranged it as The Dilbert Zone for use as the theme for the television series Dilbert.

Release and reception
Forbidden Zone premiered at the Los Angeles Filmex film festival in 1980, later receiving a limited theatrical distribution as a midnight movie through The Samuel Goldwyn Company in 1982. Following its theatrical run, Forbidden Zone fell out of circulation for roughly twenty years, though bootleg recordings helped find the film new life as a highly sought-after and well-regarded cult film. In 2004, Film Threat magazine dubbed Forbidden Zone "the Citizen Kane of underground movies". The film currently has a score of 83% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 6.6/10.

Home media
It was digitally restored and released on Region 1 DVD by Fantoma in 2004, receiving a Region 2 release by Arrow Film Distributors Ltd. in 2006. In 2008, with Elfman's blessing and input, a colorized version of Forbidden Zone was issued on DVD by Legend Films, and was later screened in exhibition at the New York Museum of Modern Art in 2010. Arrow released a Blu-Ray edition in the UK in 2012, followed by an "Ultimate Edition" North American Blu-Ray release by MVD Entertainment Group in 2015; both releases contained both the black-and-white and color versions.

Controversies
Upon its original release, Forbidden Zone was singled out for criticism for its use of broadly-drawn racist, homophobic, antisemitic and anti-Christian visuals and characters. Elfman, himself of Jewish heritage, has disputed many of these accusations, noting that elements seen as homophobic were inspired by his time as a director and occasional performer in the San Francisco avant-garde drag troupe The Cockettes, while the character of "Mr. Bernstein", accused of being an exaggerated Jewish stereotype, was played by Elfman's Jewish grandfather Herman Bernstein, of whom Elfman wryly asserted "wasn't acting".

In particular, Forbidden Zone has been criticized for its brief use of surreal blackface. In 2020, Elfman digitally removed the blackface images and replaced them with "clown-face". In an interview with Dread Central, he explained "Going back to our very first test screening in 1980, there were a few things that really bugged me. The film is an absurdist fever-dream with hundreds of crazy, cartoonish images. I regretted the few seconds of Max Fleischer-era black-face and wanted to change it to 'clown-face'. But the film hadliterallybankrupted me, I had lost control and couldn't complete it exactly the way I wanted. Well, forty years later, I fucking can!". Elfman's director's cut was released in early 2021.

Legacy

Sequel
In June 2009, it was revealed through an entry on IMDb that Elfman had been developing a sequel to Forbidden Zone entitled Forbidden Zone 2: The Forbidden Galaxy. The prospective project was more formally detailed in March 2014 when Elfman launched a successful crowdfunding campaign on IndieGoGo to raise part of the film's financing. As of the campaign's most recent update in May 2023, Elfman confirmed the project is "still alive" and noting that he "will not give up on FZ2", describing Forbidden Zone 2 as "number one on his ." "As long as I am breathing, I will do Forbidden Zone 2!"

Stage show
In 2010, Forbidden Zone was performed as a live stage show with the support of Richard Elfman. It is a production of the Sacred Fools Theater Company, and premiered there in Los Angeles on Friday, May 21, 2010.

Mixed media
Richard Elfman entered into a licensing deal with the creative resource company, PANGEA, to provide licensees with the opportunity to create merchandise based on the cult film. According to articles that appeared in the media on May 3, 2016, the arrangement calls for content to be created that will include a Storyboard Book of the original film, featuring commentary and anecdotal notes from director. Shot glasses and sculpted pieces were among the list of immediate items that would be released. A fantasy novella series was also noted as being under development.

Rocky Horror "shadow cast" companies have begun performing screenings of the film. Elfman sometimes participates in these live performances. He enters in a clown suit and beats a big bass drum that is accompanied by a Brazilian percussion ensemble—reminiscent of his former group, the Mystic Knights of the Oingo Boingo.

The Syfy Channel has run a teaser piece musical number, "Princess Polly" from Forbidden Zone 2: The Forbidden Galaxy on its show Monster Man, starring Cleve Hall. Elfman opens the Forbidden Zone shadow cast shows (after the march in) with Erin Holt singing Princess Polly live in front of her screened "monster" image on stage.

References

External links

1982 films
1982 comedy films
1982 directorial debut films
1982 independent films
1982 LGBT-related films
1980s American films
1980s English-language films
1980s fantasy comedy films
1980s musical comedy films
1980s musical fantasy films
1980s science fiction comedy films

American black-and-white films
American fantasy comedy films
American independent films
American LGBT-related films
American musical comedy films
American musical fantasy films
American rock music films
American science fiction comedy films
Films about parallel universes
Films directed by Richard Elfman
Films scored by Danny Elfman
Films with screenplays by Matthew Bright
LGBT-related fantasy films
LGBT-related musical comedy films
LGBT-related science fiction comedy films
The Samuel Goldwyn Company films
Science fiction musical films
Transgender-related films

Forbidden Zone


Patalillo es un distrito del cantón de Vázquez de Coronado, en la provincia de San José, de Costa Rica.

Toponimia
El nombre del distrito proviene de la quebrada Patalillo, un pequeño río que delimita partes de los bordes del distrito. Patalillo es también comúnmente llamado San Antonio, proveniente en honor a San Antonio de Padua, patrono de la iglesia católica del distrito y del cantón.

Historia
Patalillo fue creado el 11 de enero de 1968 por medio de Decreto Ejecutivo 03. Segregado de Dulce Nombre de Jesús.

Ubicación
El distrito limita al noroeste, oeste y sur con el cantón de Moravia, al este con el distrito de San Isidro y al noreste con el distrito de Dulce Nombre de Jesús.

Geografía
 Es el más pequeño de los cinco distritos que conforman el cantón, sin embargo, Patalillo es el distrito de mayor población, y uno de los más densamente poblados del país.

Demografía
 El distrito se caracteriza por ser el más urbanizado del cantón y uno de los más densamente poblados del país.

Localidades
 Cabecera: San Antonio
 Barrios: Centro, Cipreses, Cornelia, Girasoles (parte), González Saborío, Horizontes, Irazú, Jardines, Jerusalén, Labrador, Las Calas, Las Catalinas, Las Hadas, Normandía, Nuevo Coronado, Patalillo, Río Alto, San Juan, Santa Marta, Santa Teresita, Trapiche, Urbanización Jesús, Villa Antigua, Villalinda, Villanova

Cultura

Educación
Ubicadas propiamente en el distrito de Patalillo se encuentran los siguientes centros educativos:
 Escuela Estado de Israel
 Costa Rica Christian School
 Liceo de San Antonio
 Colegio Técnico Profesional (C.T.P.) de Coronado

Sitios de interés
 Iglesia de San Antonio de Padua
 Iglesia Vida Abundante

Transporte

Carreteras
Al distrito lo atraviesan las siguientes rutas nacionales de carretera:
 Ruta nacional 102
 Ruta nacional 220

Concejo de distrito
El concejo de distrito de San Rafael vigila la actividad municipal y colabora con los respectivos distritos de su cantón. También está llamado a canalizar las necesidades y los intereses del distrito, por medio de la presentación de proyectos específicos ante el Concejo Municipal. El presidente del concejo del distrito es el síndico propietario del partido Republicano Social Cristiano, Luis Alberto González Dinarte.

El concejo del distrito se integra por:

Referencias

Distritos del cantón de Vázquez de Coronado

Patalillo


يتكون علم مملكة الدنمارك (الدانيبروغ) بكامله من اللون الأحمر، وفي وسطه صليب أبيض أقرب إلى اليسار يمتد إلى أطرافه، اعتمد هذا العلم في عام 1625 وهو أقدم علم في أوروبا والعالم ما زال مستخدماً حتى الآن، وقبل ذلك يُعْرَف الجيش الدنماركي برفع راية الغراب.

هنالك شهادات تاريخية على أن لافتة مع صليب أبيض-أحمر استخدمها ملوك الدنمارك منذ القرن الرابع عشر، كما أن أسطورة ذات تأثير كبير على التاريخ الوطني الدنماركي تربط مقدمة العلم بمعركة ليندانيس من عام 1219. الصليب الشمالي الممدود يعكس استخدام العلم كعلم بحري في القرن الثامن عشر.

لقد أصبح العلم متعارفًا عليه كعلم وطني في أوائل القرن التاسع عشر، وكان استخدامه على الصعيد الخاص محظورًا في عام 1834، حتى سمح به مرة أخرى في مرسوم يعود إلى عام 1854. يحمل العلم الرقم القياسي العالمي لكونه أقدم علم وطني استخدم بشكل مستمر.

تاريخ علم الدّنمارك

 ورد ذكر اسم العلم الدنماركي، دانبروج، والّذي يعني «علم الدنماركيين» أو «العلم الأحمر»، لأول مرة في نص دنماركي من 1478 وفي نص هولندي يعود إلى 100 سنة قبل ذلك.

وفقًا للأسطورة، سقط الدانبروج من السماء خلال معركة في إستونيا؛ هذه الأسطورة هي المذكورة في التأريخ الدنماركيّ  لكريستيرن بيدرسن (Christiern  Pedersen's Danish Chronicle) من بداية سنوات ال-1520، وكذلك فقد ذكرها الراهب الفرنسيسكان بيدير أولسن عام 1527. ينسب الأخير الحادثة إلى معركة نشبت في عام 1219، وقد أكدت التقاليد أن العلم ظهر في ليندانيس (Lyndanisse) في 15 يونيو 1219.

ظهرت الأسطورة في حوالي عام 1500 على أساس فكرة أن الراية الملكية التي فقدها الملك هانز في هزيمته في ديتمارشيس في شمال ألمانيا عام 1500 كانت الدانبروج الذي سقط من السماء. في 1559 استعاد فريدريك الثاني الراية وقام بتعليقها في كاتدرائية شليسويغ في شمال ألمانيا الحالي.

في أغنية من حملة تعود إلى عام 1500 ارتبطت الراية الملازمة للصليب بحلم الإمبراطور الروماني قسطنطين بالصليب عام 312 م قبل المعركة التي غدا فيها حاكمًا مطلقًا للامبراطورية الرومانية، والتي انتقل فيها إلى الديانة المسيحية.

هذه الرؤية للصليب، التي ترتبط بها مقولة هوك سيغنو فينسس الشهيرة، «تحت هذا العلامة عليك أن تكون منتصرًا»، هي النموذج المثالي للمعجزات في شكل الصلبان في السماء، التي كانت مرتبطة بالمعارك بين المسيحيين والكفار في شبه الجزيرة الأيبيرية بشكل خاص.

معنى ألوان العلم

    الأحمر: يرمز إلى دم المسيح.
    الأبيض: يرمز إلى التعايش الطائفي بين البروتستانت والكاثوليك.

انظر أيضاً

 معركة ليندانيس

المراجع

أحمر والرايات البيضاء
أعلام استحدثت عام 1219
أعلام الدنمارك
دنمارك
أعلام وطنية
رموز الدنمارك الوطنية
صليب الشمال في الأعلام

علم الدنمارك


Helvadere, Türkiye'nin İç Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki Aksaray ilinin Merkez ilçesine bağlı bir beldedir. 2022 nüfus sayımına göre belde nüfusu 2.560'dır. Beldenin ortalama yüksekliği 1.532 metredir.

Tarihçe
Belde, 1919 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır. Daha önceleri köy olan yerleşim, 4 Nisan 1967'de belediye statüsü alarak beldeye dönüştü. Belde sınırları içerisinde Hasandağı'nın eteklerinde bulunan Nora, Mokissos, Viranşehir olarak adlandırılan antik şehrin kalıntıları bulunmaktadır.

Coğrafya
Belde, Aksaray il merkezine 29 km uzaklıkta olup Hasan Dağı'nın kuzey eteklerinde kuruludur. Yerleşimin hemen kuzeyinde Helvadere göleti bulunmaktadır.

Nüfus

Yönetim

Belediye başkanlığı

Galeri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Aksaray merkez belde ve köyleri

Helvadere, Aksaray


Felidhoo (en dhivehi: ފެލިދޫ) es una de las islas habitadas del Atolón  Vaavu perteneciente a las Islas Maldivas. Felidhoo es además el nombre de la capital del atolón Vaavu.

Felidhoo cuenta con una población (en marzo de 2007) de 532 personas que incluyen 235 hombres y 297 mujeres. Posee una superficie de 11,8 hectáreas, un largo 525 metros y un ancho de 352 metros.

Referencias

Véase también
 Geografía de Asia
 Mar de Laquedivas

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de localización

Archipiélagos e islas de Maldivas

Felidhoo


Laval, Isère (Franța)
 Laval, Mayenne (Franța)
Laval (provincia Québec, Canada)

Laval


La espiguilla  (Bromus arvensis) es una especie fanerógama perteneciente a la familia de las gramíneas (Poaceae). Especie cosmopolita, se distribuye por Rusia, Norte de África, Suroeste de Asia, Europa, introducido en América.

Descripción
Hierba alta, de 90 cm, derecha, perenne, panícula o conjunto superior de espiguillas, abierta, espigas con un largo y fino pedúnculo, muy áspero, no están colgantes, forma una macolla o mata muy espesa en su base. Se reconoce fácilmente y se distingue de otras gramíneas por sus espigas derechas, apretadas, formadas por varias espiguillas o flores imbricadas o entrelazadas en dos carreras, aplanadas, y de forma oblonga, ensiforme o lanceolada, sin vello.
Las flores superiores con aristas o argañas de 10-12 mm, de longitud, inclinadas hacia lo alto en ángulo muy agudo respecto a la espiguilla. Las glumas, que son las dos hojitas inferiores de la espiga, sin argaña o arista, desiguales y con nervios. Las lemas de las espiguillas inferiores con aristas más cortas, todas con nervios, teñidas de color púrpura parduzco miradas de canto, vistas de frente, de color verde calro, el margen blanquecino y con dos puntitas.

Distribución y hábitat
En España en Castilla y León. Crece en regueros, prados y márgenes húmedos. Forma una gran macolla con raíces, hojas y tallos, causa por la que estropea los prados y los céspedes. De tierna constituye un buen pasto para el ganado, pero cuando madura, se vuelve muy dura y permanece largo tiempo sin ser tocada. Florece a final de primavera.

Taxonomía
Bromus arvensis fue descrita por Carlos Linneo y publicado en Species Plantarum 1: 77. 1753.
Etimología
Bromus: nombre genérico que deriva del griego bromos = (avena), o de broma = (alimento).

arvensis: epíteto latino que significa "de cultivo en el campo".
Citología
Número de cromosomas de Bromus arvensis (Fam. Gramineae) y táxones infraespecíficos: 2n=14
Sinonimia
 Bromus billotii Sch.Bip.
 Bromus erectus var. arvensis (L.) Huds.
 Bromus fragilis Schur
 Bromus hyalinus Schur
 Bromus mollissimus Hornem.
 Bromus multiflorus Weigel
 Bromus phragmitoides Nyár.
 Bromus polymorphus Steud.
 Bromus polystachyus Steud.
 Bromus secalinus subsp. billotii (F.J.Schulz) Asch. & Graebn.
 Bromus spiculitenuata Knapp
 Bromus splendens Velen.
 Bromus squarrosus var. cyrii (Trin.) Griseb.
 Bromus ventolana Schleich. ex Steud.
 Bromus versicolor Pollich
 Bromus verticillatus Cav.
 Forasaccus arvensis (L.) Bubani
 Serrafalcus arvensis (L.) Godr.
 Serrafalcus arvensis var. pilosus Husn.
 Serrafalcus billotii (F.W.Schultz) Rouy
 Serrafalcus duvalii Rouy
 Serrafalcus verticillatus (Cav.) Amo

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2006. Flora of China (Poaceae). 22: 1–733. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  Gleason, H. A. & A.J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
  Hitchcock, A. S. 1951. Man. Grasses U.S. (ed. 2) 1–1051. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
  Kucera, C. L. 1998. The Grasses of Missouri 305 pp., University of Missouri Press, Colombia.
  Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
  Pavlick, L. E. 1995. Bromus N. Amer. 1–160. Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria.
  Pavlick, L. E., A. M. Planchuelo, P. M. Peterson & R. J. Soreng. 2003. Bromus. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 154–191.
  Planchuelo, A. M. & P. M. Peterson. 2000. The species of Bromus (Poaceae: Bromeae) in South America. 89–101. In S. W. L. Jacobs & J. Everett (eds.) Grasses: Syst. Evol.. CSIRO, Melbourne.
  Scoggan, H. J. 1978 [1979]. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae, Monocotyledoneae. 2: 93–545. In Fl. Canada. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.
  Smith, P. M. & F. Sales. 1993. Bromus L. sect. Bromus: Taxonomy and relationship of some species with small spikelets. Edinburgh J. Bot. 50(2): 149–171.
  Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. N. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. N. Morrone (eds.) Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.

Enlaces externos

arvensis
Flora de la península ibérica
Plantas herbáceas
Plantas descritas en 1753
Plantas descritas por Linnaeus

Bromus arvensis


Pipin I. (francuski Pépin; 797. – 13. prosinca 838.) bio je franački plemić; kralj Akvitanije 817. – 838. te vojvoda (knez) Mainea 831. – 838. Roditelji su mu bili car Ludvig I. Pobožni i njegova prva supruga, kraljica Ermengarda od Hesbayea. Godine 817., Ludvig je Pipinu dao Akvitaniju te je na Pipinovom dvoru živio poznati pjesnik Ermoldus Nigellus.

Godine 830., Pipin se pobunio protiv svoga oca, pridruživši se bratu Lotru I. Uspio je zauzeti Pariz i zarobiti oca, ali je pobuna ubrzo nakon toga propala. Godine 832. je došlo do još jedne pobune gdje se Lotru i Pipinu priključio njihov brat Ludvig Njemački. Međutim, već 834. Pipin je stao na očevu stranu i pomogao mu da vrati vlast. Umro je nekoliko godina kasnije.

Brak
Supruga Pipina Akvitanskog bila je Ingeltruda, koja mu je rodila dvojicu sinova i dvije kćeri. Sinovi su bili Pipin II. Akvitanski i njegov brat, Karlo, nadbiskup Mainza. Jedna od kćeri udala se za grofa Gérarda od Auvergnea. Nakon smrti Pipina I., Ludvig Pobožni dodijelio je Akvitaniju Pipinovom mlađem polubratu, Karlu Ćelavom.

Izvori i bilješke

Collins, Roger. "Pippin I and the Kingdom of Aquitaine." Charlemagne's Heir: New Perspectives on the Reign of Louis the Pious, uredili P. Godman i Roger Collins. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1990. .

Vojvode Mainea

Pipin I. Akvitanski


Die Duluth Hornets waren eine US-amerikanische Eishockeymannschaft aus Duluth, Minnesota. Die Mannschaft spielte unter anderem zwischen 1926 und 1933 in der American Hockey Association.

Geschichte
Das Franchise war 1926 eines der sechs Gründungsmitglieder der American Hockey Association. In ihrer Premierenspielzeit belegte die Mannschaft auf Anhieb den ersten Platz der regulären Saison. In den Playoffs hatten die Hornets zunächst ein Freilos, ehe sie im Finale die Minneapolis Millers in der Best-of-Five-Serie mit einem Sweep schlugen. In der Folgezeit erreichte das Team noch zwei Mal das Playoff-Finale, unterlag dort jedoch den Minneapolis Millers und den Chicago Shamrocks. Die Saison 1932/33 begann die Mannschaft wie in den Vorjahren in Duluth, wo sie in Konkurrenz zu den neu gegründeten Duluth Natives aus der Central Hockey League standen. Aus diesem Grund wurde die Mannschaft zur zweiten Saisonhälfte nach Wichita, Kansas, umgesiedelt, wo sie unter dem Namen Wichita Blue-Jays die Spielzeit beendete. Zur AHA-Saison 1933/34 wurde der Franchisename erneut geändert, diesmal in Wichita Vikings, jedoch wurde die Mannschaft nach nur drei absolvierten Partien aus der Liga ausgeschlossen. Da mit den Duluth Natives aus der CHL in der Zwischenzeit ein Konkurrent um Zuschauer den Spielbetrieb eingestellt hatte, wurden die Duluth Hornets für die CHL-Saison 1933/34 wieder reaktiviert und spielten selbst noch einmal ein Jahr lang in der Central Hockey League.

Weblinks
 The Internet Hockey Database – Statistik Duluth Hornets (1926-1932)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Spielerliste Duluth Hornets (1926-1932)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Statistik Duluth Hornets/Wichita Blue-Jays (1932-1933)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Spielerliste Duluth Hornets/Wichita Blue-Jays (1932-1933)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Statistik Wichita Vikings (1933)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Spielerliste Wichita Vikings (1933)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Statistik Duluth Hornets (1933-1934)
 The Internet Hockey Database – Spielerliste Duluth Hornets (1933-1934)

Eishockeyverein (American Hockey Association, 1926–1942)
Eishockeyverein (Central Hockey League, 1931–1935)
Sportverein (Minnesota)
Hornets
Gegründet 1926
Aufgelöst 1934
Ehemaliges Sport-Franchise (Vereinigte Staaten)
Organisation (Duluth, Minnesota)

Duluth Hornets


පරමාණුවක මධ්‍යයේ පවතින, ප්‍රෝටෝන හා නියුට්‍රෝන අධික ඝනත්වයක් සහිතව තදින් ඇසිරී ඇති කලාපය පරමාණුක න්‍යෂ්ටිය යි. 1909 වර්ෂයේදී හාන්ස් ගයිගර් සහ අර්නස්ට් මාස්ඩන් විසින් අර්නස්ට් රදර්ෆඩ් ගේ මගපෙන්වීම යටතේ සිදු කල ගයිගර් මාස්ඩන් රන්පත් පරීක්ෂාවේ ප්‍රතිපල අධ්‍යයනය කිරීමෙන් පසුව, රදර්ෆඩ් විසින් 1911 දී පරමාණුක න්‍යෂ්ටිය සොයා ගනු ලැබිණි. 1932 දී ද්මිත්‍රි ඉවානෙන්කෝ විසින් ප්‍රෝටෝන-නියුට්‍රෝන ආකෘතිය යෝජනා කැරෙන ලදී. පරමාණුවේ ස්කන්ධයෙන් වැඩි කොටසක් න්‍යෂ්ටියේ පවතින අතර ඉලෙක්ට්‍රෝන වලාවේ පවතින්නේ ස්කන්ධයෙන් ඉතා සුලු කොටසකි.

න්‍යෂ්ටියේ අරය හයිඩ්‍රජන් සඳහා (තනි ප්‍රෝටෝනයක අරය)  () සිට, යුරේනියම් වැනි ඉතාම බර පරමාණු සඳහා  දක්වා පවතී. මෙම මිනුම් පරමාණුවක අරය හා සසඳා බලන විට (යුරේනියම් සඳහා) 23,000 වාරයක සිට (හයිඩ්‍රජන් සඳහා) 145,000 වාරයක් දක්වා කුඩා ය.

පරමාණුක න්‍යෂ්ටිය සහ එහි සංයෝජනය පිලිබඳ හැදෑරෙන භෞතික විද්‍යාවට අයත් උප විෂයය, න්‍යෂ්ටික භෞතික විද්‍යාව ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.

පරමාණුක න්‍යෂ්ටිය


The Australian of the Year Award is given annually on Australia Day. The announcement of the award has become a major public event in Australia, and is televised nationwide. The award "offers an insight into Australian identity, reflecting the nation's evolving relationship with world, the role of sport in Australian culture, the impact of multiculturalism, and the special status of Australia's Indigenous people". The award is unique in that it is sponsored by a national government and commands broad public support.

The following is a list of the recipients of the Australian of the Year award.

The post-nominals listed for each individual are as they were on the day they were named the Australian of the Year.

See also
 List of Senior Australian of the Year Award recipients
 List of Young Australian of the Year Award recipients
 List of Australian Local Hero Award recipients
 List of South Australian of the Year Award recipients
 List of Queensland Australian of the Year award recipients

References

Australian of the Year

List of Australian of the Year Award recipients


Tsolmuinen (en , en , en ) est une municipalité du raïon de Karhumäki en république de Carélie

Géographie
Tsolmuinen est situé à l'embouchure de la rivière Neminajoki, qui se jette dans le
lac Onega, à 85 kilomètres par la route au sud-est de Karhumäki.
La municipalité de Tsolmuinen a une superficie de  ou de  sans prendre en compte les eaux du lac Onega.

Tsolmuinen est bordée au sud par Tolvoja du raïon de Karhumäki et Pälmä du raïon de Poudoj, à l'ouest par Poventsa, au nord par Valdai du raïon de Segueja et à l'est par l'Oblast d'Arkhangelsk.
La majorité du territoire de Tsolmuinen est forestière.

Tsolmuinen est traversé par la A119.

Démographie
Recensements (*) ou estimations de la population

Galerie

Bibliographie

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

Liens externes

Village dans la république de Carélie
Raïon de Medvejegorsk

Tsolmuinen


Mads Andersen er navnet på flere personer:
 Mads Andersen (pokerspiller) – en dansk backgammon- og pokerspiller, født 1970
 Mads Kruse Andersen – en dansk letvægtsroer, født 1978
 Mads Wissing Andersen – en dansk pokerspiller, født ca. 1982
 Mads Andersen (skakspiller) – en dansk skakspiller, født 1995
 Mads Andersen (cykelrytter) – en dansk cykelrytter, født 2000

Mads Andersen