Margarita Tupitsyn (, Margarita Tupizyna; * 1955 in Moskau, Sowjetunion) ist eine russische Kunsthistorikerin, die als international für große Museen tätige Kuratorin und Fach-Autorin bekannt wurde.

Leben und Schaffen
Tupitsyn wanderte 1975 gemeinsam mit ihrem Ehemann, dem Mathematiker Victor Tupitsyn aus der Sowjetunion aus und ließ sich in New York City nieder. Sie erwarb ihren Doktortitel an der City University of New York. Die Kunsthistorikerin arbeitete danach als Kuratorin an verschiedenen Ausstellungen, die sich zumeist zeitgenössischer sowjetischer und russischer Kunst und Fotografie des 20. Jahrhunderts widmeten unter anderem für das Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, das Queens Museum in New York City, das Sprengel Museum in Hannover, und das Boston Institute of Contemporary Art. Sie übernahm Gastprofessuren an der Rutgers University, der State University of New York Purchase und der The New School University, New York City. Von Januar bis Mai 2000 hatte sie ein "Berlin Prize" Arbeitsstipendium der American Academy in Berlin, während dessen sie an dem Thema Against Kandinsky: Abstraction into Revolution arbeitete.

Die Wahlheimat Tupitsyns ist in New York City.

Kuratierte Ausstellungen (Auswahl)

 2010 – Louvre: Faces à faces : soirées d'art contemporain: La scène conceptuelle russe et après
 1995 – Folkwang Museum: Glaube Hoffnung Anpassung: Sowjetische Bilder 1928-1945
 1986 – Sots Art für das New Museum of Contemporary Art in New York City
 1989 – Exit Art: The Green Show. New York City.
 1981 – Russian New Wave, die erste Ausstellung über Moskauer Konzeptkunst in New York City

Werke (Auswahl)

Monografien; Ausstellungskataloge
 Moscow Vanguard Art between World War II and the Fall of the Soviet Union 2011
 Gegen Kandinsky / Against Kandinsky. Ausstellung: Museum Villa Stuck, München, 23.11.2006-18.2.2007 Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2007 ISBN 978-3775718967.
 Gustav Klutsis and Valentina Kulagina: Between the Public and the Private, Steidl ICP, Göttingen 2004. ISBN 3-88243-974-2.
 Malevich and film / with essays by Kazimir Malevich and Victor Tupitsyn. Yale University Press, New Haven 2002
 El Lissitzky: Beyond the Abstract Cabinet, Yale University Press and Schirmer/Mosel Verlag, 1999 ISBN 978-0-3000-8170-1
 Aleksandr Rodchenko. The New Moscow, Schirmer/Mosel Verlag, 1998
 Kriticheskoe Opticheskoe, Ad Marginem, Moskau 1997
 The Soviet Photograph, 1924-1937 Yale University Press, New Haven 1996.
 Utopia, Ilusion Y Adaptacion: Arte Sovietico 1928-1945, IVAM Centre Julio Gonzalez, Valencia, Spain, 1996
 Glaube Hoffnung Anpassung: Sowjetische Bilder 1928-1945 (Faith, Hope and Accommodation: Images from the Soviet Union 1928-1945) von Plitt Verlag 1995

Essays
 The Grid as a Checkpoint of Modernity, Tate Papers, Autumn 2009
 "Briefe, die nicht von Liebe sprechen". Alexander Rodtschenkos "Frau mit einer Leica" in: Fotogeschichte Heft 88, Jg. 23 (Juni 2003), Jonas Verlag, Marburg
 Collaborating on the Paradigm of the Future, Art Journal, Vol. 52, No. 4, Interactions between Artists and Writers (Winter, 1993), S. 18–24
 Conceiving Counter-Soviet Art In: Art in America, Margarita Tupitsyn reviews recent books on "counter-Soviet art" by Matthew Jesse Jackson and Boris Groys.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Kunsthistoriker
Autor
Sachliteratur
Person (New York City)
Russe
Geboren 1955
Frau

Margarita Tupitsyn


جان دوماس (27 يوليو 1944 في ليون)  لاعب كرة قدم فرنسي معتزل كان يجيد اللعب في خط الوسط .

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون
لاعبو لوهان كويسو
لاعبو أولمبيك ليون
مواليد 1944
مواليد في ليون

جان دوماس


Gregori Bochada o Bechada fue un caballero y trovador lemosín en occitano del . Natural de la ciudad de Las Tours, participó en la Primera Cruzada como subalterno de Gulferio de Las Tours y hacia 1130 compondrá, en Roda de Isábena, la Canción de Antioquía, poema de 707 versos donde narra el asedio de Antioquía de 1098 y teniendo como héroe a Godofredo de Bouillón.

Fue la obra que inició el género de la canción histórica occitana. Su melodía fue utilizada para la Canción de la Cruzada de Guillermo de Tudela.

Bibliografía
 LAFONT, Robert; ANATOLE, Christian (1973): Historia de la literatura occitana. Barcelona:Dopesa.

Enlaces externos

Trovadores de Francia en occitano
Escritores de Francia del siglo XII
Músicos de Francia del siglo XII

Gregori Bochada


Le Manoir hanté, ou Manoir hanté au Québec, () est un film américain réalisé par Justin Simien et sorti en  2023.

Il s'agit d'une adaptation de l'attraction The Haunted Mansion présente dans plusieurs parcs Disney. C'est la seconde adaptation de l'attraction au cinéma après le film Le Manoir hanté et les 999 Fantômes, sorti en 2003.

Synopsis

Gabbie, une mère célibataire, décide de démarrer une nouvelle vie à La Nouvelle-Orléans avec son fils de neuf ans, Travis. Elle trouve un manoir au prix étrangement abordable, néanmoins, de nombreux phénomènes étranges s'y produisent. Gabbie fait alors appel à Kent, un prêtre. Ce dernier décide de réunir une équipe composée de Ben Matthias, un expert en paranormal ; Bruce, un professeur d'histoire ; et Harriet, une médium du Vieux carré français.

Résumé détaillé
Ben Matthias, un astrophysicien qui développe une caméra pour détecter la matière noire, rencontre et épouse Alyssa, un guide touristique fantôme, et est fasciné par sa croyance en ce qui est surnaturel. Après la mort d'Alyssa dans un accident de voiture, Ben abandonne sa carrière et poursuit sa tournée de fantômes.

Des années plus tard, la mère célibataire Gabbie et son fils Travis déménagent à Gracey Manor pour en faire une maison d'hôtes, pour finalement découvrir qu'il est hanté par des fantômes. Ben reçoit la visite du prêtre et exorciste Père Kent, qui l'engage pour photographier les fantômes sous la demande de Gabbie.
Ben pénètre dans le Manoir pour l'examiner avec son appareil sans trouver une trace de fantômes mais quand il est rentré chez lui, Ben finit par comprendre qu'il est hanté par l'esprit d'un marin, ce qu'il le pousse à revenir au manoir où Gabbie, Travis et Kent sont également victimes car en mettant un pied dans le manoir, ils se retrouvent hantés par un esprit partout où ils iront afin de les inciter à revenir au manoir.

D'apparitions qui les obligent à rester dans le manoir.
Ben et Kent recrutent Harriet, une psychique aux pouvoirs légitimes, et volent les plans du manoir de l'historien des maisons hantées du Professeur Bruce Davis. Le groupe trouve une salle de spiritisme cachée et  parvient à contacter l'esprit de Gracey, qui laisse un message leur indiquant de parler à la légendaire médium Madame Leota. En essayant de le faire, une entité mystérieuse oblige Harriet à quitter la maison. Bruce arrive peu de temps après et est hanté.

Le groupe reste dans le manoir où ils procèdent à la recherche du fantôme de Leota. Ben entre dans le grenier où il rencontre une petite amie fantomatique et trouve un coffre fermé. En examinant le contenu, ils trouvent une boule de cristal qui abrite Leota.

Leota révèle que William Gracey a acheté le manoir et a recruté Leota pour essayer de contacter l'esprit de sa défunte épouse tous les soirs pendant une année complète, libérant des centaines de fantômes dans le manoir avant qu'une entité maléfique ne trompe Gracey pour se suicider et attraper Leota à l'intérieur de sa boule de cristal. Harriet tente de réaliser une projection astrale pour obtenir plus de réponses, mais finit par envoyer Ben hors de son corps, qui découvre Gracey et l'entité maléfique, le fantôme du carton à chapeau.

Le lendemain matin, Bruce emmène Ben à la recherche d'un dessinateur pour dessiner le fantôme du carton à chapeau et l'identifier comme Alistair Crump, un riche héritier qui a tué ses camarades de la haute société par vengeance avant d'être décapité par ses serviteurs mutins. Crump procède à la fermeture du manoir, mais Ben, Kent et Travis parviennent à s'échapper. Ils trouvent Crump Manor, qui est devenu un site historique, et apprennent du Marin (qui les a suivis) que Crump a besoin de quelqu'un qui renonce volontairement à sa vie et devienne le millième fantômes du manoir pour s'échapper du manoir. Travis trouve le chapeau de Crump, qu'ils peuvent utiliser dans le cadre d'un rituel pour bannir Crump dans l'au-delà.

Les trois retournent au manoir où Ben et Kent (qui lui révèle entre temps qu'il n'est pas un vrai prête mais un escroc) sauvent Gabbie, Harriet et Bruce, mais Crump brûle le chapeau et prévoit d'utiliser la douleur de Travis pour la perte de son père pour qu'il soit de son côté. Ben trouve Travis et parvient à le convaincre de libérer son père alors qu'eux et Gabbie affrontent Crump au cimetière. Ben fait la paix avec la perte d'Alyssa, Kent parvient à convaincre les fantômes de se retourner contre Crump et d'unir leurs forces avec eux, et Bruce remet un morceau de chapeau à Harriet, qui utilise l'enchantement de Leota pour bannir Crump.

De nombreux fantômes décident de rester dans le manoir, maintenant en harmonie avec Gabbie et Travis. Harriet retrouve la pleine confiance en ses capacités psychiques, Kent s'ordonne pour devenir un véritable prêtre, Bruce maintient ses nouvelles amitiés et Ben retourne à l'enseignement et adopte un chat errant nommé Nugget, un clin d'œil à l'amour de sa femme pour le goûter. Le groupe se réunit au manoir pour fêter Halloween avec les fantômes.

Fiche technique

 Titre original :
 Titre français : Le Manoir hanté
 Titre québécois : Manoir hanté
 Réalisation : Justin Simien
 Scénario : Katie Dippold, d'après l'attraction The Haunted Mansion
 Musique : Kris Bowers
 Décors : Darren Gilford
 Costumes : Jeffrey Kurland
 Photographie : Jeffrey Waldron
 Montage : Phillip J. Bartell
 Production : Jonathan Eirich et Dan Lin
 Production déléguée : Tom C. Peitzman et Nick Reynolds
 Sociétés de production : Walt Disney Pictures et Rideback
 Société de distribution : Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
 Budget : 157 millions de dollars
 Pays de production :
 Langue originale : anglais
 Format : couleur — DCP 4K — 2.39 : 1 — son Dolby Atmos
 Genre : Comédie horrifique, fantastique
 Durée : 123 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
 France :
 États-Unis et Canada :
 Classification :
 États-Unis : PG-13 (les enfants de moins de 13 ans doivent être accompagnées d'un adulte - Accord parental souhaitable)
 France : tous publics

Distribution
 Lakeith Stanfield  : Ben Matthias
 Rosario Dawson  : Gabbie
 Chase W. Dillon  : Travis
 Owen Wilson  : le prêtre Kent
 Tiffany Haddish  : Harriet
 Danny DeVito  : Bruce
 Jamie Lee Curtis  : Madame Leota
 Jared Leto  : Alistair Crump / le fantôme du carton à chapeau
 Winona Ryder  : Pat
 Charity Jordan  : Alyssa
 J.R. Adduci  : William Gracey
 Dan Levy  : Vic

Production

Genèse et développement

En juillet 2010, Walt Disney Pictures annonce le développement d'une seconde adaptation de l'attraction The Haunted Mansion écrite et produite par le réalisateur mexicain Guillermo del Toro. Le film est annoncé comme un reboot n'ayant aucun lien avec la première adaptation cinématographique de l'attraction, Le Manoir hanté et les 999 Fantômes, sortie en 2003.

Del Toro révèle alors que le fantôme du carton à chapeau, l'un des personnages de l'attraction, serait l'un des personnages central du film. En juin 2011, Jason Surrell, un Imagineer de Walt Disney World Resort, rejoint le projet en tant que consultant créatif. En août 2012, Del Toro soumet un premier script au studio. Pour le film, il vise une classification PG-13, soit déconseillé au moins de 13 ans aux États-Unis. Il est également dévoilé que le film pourrait contenir des éléments de Phantom Manor, la variante française de l'attraction, qui possède une histoire et des personnages différents de la version américaine et japonaise.

Néanmoins, en janvier 2023, Del Toro quitte le projet en tant que réalisateur mais reste présent en tant que scénariste et producteur. Son scénario est retouché par D.V. DeVincentis en 2015 et des acteurs commencent à être envisagés, comme Ryan Gosling qui entre en négociation en avril 2015.

En août 2020, le projet est relancé quand Katie Dippol signe pour écrire un nouveau scénario, celui de Del Toro ayant été jugé comme trop effrayant pour un public familial. Jonathan Eirich et Dan Lin signent pour produire le film via leurs société Rideback. En avril 2021, Justin Simien entre en négociation pour réaliser le film. Il obtient officiellement le poste en juillet de la même année.

Attribution des rôles
Entre juillet et octobre 2021, Tiffany Haddish, Lakeith Stanfield, Owen Wilson, Rosario Dawson et Danny DeVito sont annoncés à la distribution. En juillet 2022, il est dévoilé que Jamie Lee Curtis et Jared Leto interpréteront Madame Leota et le fantôme à la boîte à chapeau, deux personnages de l'attraction. Durant la convention D23, il est annoncé que Winona Ryder, Dan Levy, et Hasan Minhaj ont rejoint le film.

Tournage

Le tournage du film s'est déroulé entre octobre 2021 et février 2022 à La Nouvelle-Orléans et Atlanta. En janvier 2022, Tiffany Haddish est arrêtée à Atlanta pour conduite sous influence, l'actrice étant en ville pour le tournage du film.

Musique
En avril 2022, Kris Bowers est engagée pour composer la musique du film.

Annexes

Articles connexes
 The Haunted Mansion, attraction dont s'inspire le film
 Le Manoir hanté et les 999 Fantômes, film de Rob Minkoff également basé sur l'attraction

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 2023
Comédie horrifique américaine
Comédie fantastique américaine
Film tourné en 2021
Film tourné en 2022
Film de Walt Disney Pictures
Adaptation d'une attraction au cinéma
Film de fantômes
Film se déroulant dans une maison hantée
Film se déroulant à La Nouvelle-Orléans
Film tourné à Atlanta
Film tourné à La Nouvelle-Orléans
Film en anglais américain
Film classé PG-13 aux États-Unis
Film tous publics en France

Le Manoir hanté (film, 2023)


ව්‍යාපාර වස්තු හුවමාරුව යනු, අතිශයින් සංවිධානාත්මක වෙළඳපොළක් වන අතර එහි විශේෂයෙන් ගනුදෙනු වන්නේ, විකිණියහැකි සුරැකුම්, පාරිභෝගික භාණ්ඩ, විදේශ විනිමය, ඉදිරි ගණුදෙනු, සහ විකල්ප ගිවිසුම් වෙති.

ව්‍යාපාර වස්තු හුවමාරුව


Război cu salamandrele (în limba cehă Válka s Mloky) este un roman științifico-fantastic satiric din 1936, scris de autorul ceh Karel Čapek. Prezintă descoperirea în Pacific a unei rase inteligente de salamandre, care sunt inițial înrobite și exploatate. Acestea dobândesc cunoștințe umane și se răzvrătesc, ceea ce duce la un război global pentru supremație. Există asemănări evidente cu piesa R.U.R. scrisă anterior de Čapek, dar conține și câteva teme originale. Salamandrele joacă rolul roboților din R.U.R. sau al carburatorilor din Fabrica de absolut.

Romanul a fost descris ca o "lucrare clasică" de science fiction de către autorul și criticul science fiction Damon Knight. Acesta este considerat de mulți drept primul roman distopic și astăzi este încă considerat de mulți cea mai bună carte de science fiction scrisă vreodată. Timp de mulți ani romanul a fost greu de obținut, iar copiile anterioare au fost vândute cu peste o sută de dolari în Statele Unite.

Război cu salamandrele este unul din cele mai vehemente și mai bine realizate pamflete sociale, deghizat sub haina unei utopii științifico-fantastice. Este o scriere antifascistă, în care descrie într un limbaj științifico-fantastic alegoria lumii civilizate amenințate de către fascism.

Prezentare

Căpitanul van Toch găsește pe o insulă din Oceanul Pacific o specie de salamandră care este foarte ușor de educat. Acestea devin mai întâi o acuzație a lumii moderne, dar apoi sunt folosite ca cea mai ieftină forță de muncă de monopolurile capitaliste. Capitaliștii lacomi le învață să utilizeze unelte provocând înmulțirea lor exponențială și apoi le transportă în toată lumea. Ei le organizează și le înarmează într-o cursă nebunească a profiturilor fabuloase, dar nu prevăd consecințele acțiunilor lor dar sunt și neputincioși să țină piept unei astfel de situații.

În goana după spațiu vital, salamandrele, care sunt animale marine, ajung să inunde pe rând toate țările și continentele și reușesc să domine planeta întreagă.

Ajunse stăpânele plantei, la fel cum au procedat anterior și oamenii, ele încep să se lupte între ele pentru putere, dând astfel o șansă oamenilor să-și ia planeta înapoi.

În final se sugerează ideea pesimistă a ciclurilor infinite care ar regiza istoria și care ar duce la momente fericite după catastrofe planetare.

Traduceri
 Război cu salamandrele. Hordubal, Editura pentru Literatura Universală, colecția Clasicii literaturii universale, 1961
 Război cu salamandrele, Editura Pentru Literatură, colecția Biblioteca pentru toți, nr. 215; traducere de Constantin Toiu și Mihai Pop, 1964
 Război cu salamandrele, Editura Univers, 1985
 Război cu salamandrele, Editura Tinerama, colecția Cartea albă, 1992

Referințe

Legături externe
 Čapek și munca lui
 Război cu salamandrele , trans. de David Wyllie (2002) la Project Gutenberg Australia
 Text integral în limba originală cehă

Vezi și
UNESCO Collection of Representative Works

Războaie fictive
Romane din 1936
Romane satirice
Romane cehe
Romane științifico-fantastice
Romane de Karel Čapek
1936 în științifico-fantastic

Război cu salamandrele


Vanna Olivieri, nom de scène d'Arlette Anna Biasini (née le  à Marseille, morte le  à Martigues) est une chanteuse française qui fait carrière en République démocratique allemande dans les années 1950 et 1960.

Biographie
Elle étudie d'abord la germanistique à Paris, mais décide ensuite de se lancer dans une carrière de chanteuse.

Elle complète sa formation de chant à Milan, Salzbourg et à partir de 1948 à Vienne auprès de Maria Cebotari. Olivieri veut devenir chanteuse d'opéra, mais se retrouve vite dans des chansons et du schlager. Elle tourne en Europe pendant cinq ans et se produit en RDA avec l'orchestre de danse Schwarz-Weiß (chef d'orchestre : Karl Meyer) dans 112 événements en trois mois. De plus, elle se produit en Égypte et en Israël. Elle a comme surnom "le rossignol corse".

Elle devient une invitée régulière des programmes télévisés les plus connus de la RDA. En , elle fait la couverture de Melody and Rhythm. Des compositeurs et auteurs-compositeurs tels que Gerd Natschinski, Willy Schüller ou Jürgen Degenhardt lui écrivent des chansons.

Par ailleurs, elle est quelquefois actrice au cinéma et à la télévision.

Vanna Olivieri fait sa dernière apparition à la télévision est-allemande le  lors du  numéro de l'émission en direct Amiga-Cocktail diffusée depuis le Friedrichstadt-Palast. La nouvelle musique beat émergente et la Beatlemania atteignent la jeunesse de la RDA. En première partie d'Olivieri, on trouve de jeunes groupes beat comme les Sputniks avec Shake Hands, le Franke Echo Quintet avec Peter Gunn et le Hemman Quintet avec Sie liebt dich, une reprise de la chanson des Beatles She Loves You. Immédiatement après, quand Olivieri monte sur scène en robe de soirée noire et commence à interpréter la chanson schlager In Marseille Leben Marcel, elle est huée par le public. L'animateur Heinz Quermann ne peut pas pu calmer le public. Comme il s'agit d'un enregistrement en direct, la performance ne peut pas être cachée. Le spectacle est annulé, Vanna Olivieri arrête sa carrière et quitte l'Allemagne de l'Est.

Discographie
Singles
 1960 : St. Tropez Cha Cha / Nicht jede Liebe hat ein Happy-End (Bella-Musica Klangaktiv 4294 S) – avec Die Urbanos
 1960 : Küsst sich ein verliebtes Paar… / Zwei Matrosen, die sahen ein Mädchen (Elite Special 8652)
 1961 : Ich kenn' die Liebe, ich kenn' die Männer / Liebe mich oder verlass' mich noch heute (Bella-Musica Klangaktiv BM 281)
 1961 : Die Tausend Lichter von Paris / Mucho, Mucho (Polydor 24 682) – avec l'Orchestre Rüdiger Piesker
 1963 : Sag mir, wo die Blumen sind / Serenade im Mondlicht (Amiga 4 50 405)
 1963 : Robinson / In Marseille lebt Marcel (Amiga 4 50 351)
 1963 : Eldorado / Bonjour, L'Amour (Amiga 4 50 387)
 1963 : Allez Gaston / Heut' brauch' ich Musik (Amiga 4 50 394)

EP
 1960: Prego, Prego, Gondoliere: Bye, Bye, Bahia, Santa Maria, Prego, Prego, Gondoliere, Bella Aida (Pan GC 4558) – publié uniquement en Suisse

FIlmographie
 1955 : Trois Hommes dans la neige
 1955 : Wunschkonzert
 1961 : Das Mädchen auf der Titelseite
 1962 : Du hast Glück bei den Frau'n (TV)

Notes et références

Liens externes

Chanteuse française du XXe siècle
Chanteuse de schlager
Nom de scène
Naissance en mai 1924
Naissance à Marseille
Décès en janvier 2010
Décès à 85 ans
Décès à Martigues

Vanna Olivieri


Mehmed Kayalar (1914, Selanik - 1 Haziran 1994, Çiftlikköy), Türk emekli subay, Nur cemaatinin bilinen isimlerinden. Said Nursi'yi hayatında iki kere görmesine rağmen 12 murisinden biri.

Ailesi ve Soyu

Babası Mahmut Efendi, Annesi Hüsnü Şah Hanımdır. Mehmed Kayalar 6-7 yaşlarına kadar Kayalar'da kaldıktan sonra Türk-Yunan devletleri arasındaki mubadele anlaşmasına göre ailesi ve akrabaları ile birlikte Erzincan'a yerleştirilirler.

Üç çocuğundan Mehdi ve Mahmut Beyler babalarından evvel vefat ederler. Büyük oğlu Ahmet Mefhar Bey ise 2003 yılında İstanbul'da öldü.

Eğitimi ve askerliği

İlk tahsilini Erzincan'da diğer öğrenimlerini ise çeşitli askeri okullarda tamamlar.

1 Mart 1937 tarihinde Askeri Harp Okulu'nu bitirerek orduya katılır. Konya, Susurluk, Kemalpaşa, Uşak, Bingöl ve Diyarbakır illerinde görev yapar.

Diyarbakır görevi

Said Nursi şark görevine kendi yerine onu Diyarbakır'a görevlendirdi.

55'ler olayı

Mehmet Kayalar, 1960 ihtilalinde Selanik doğumlu olmasına rağmen 27 Mayıs 1960 ihtilalinde kürtçülük iddiasıyla  55'ler olayında  Sivas kampına sürgün edilir. Sivas kampında , ihtilalin İçişleri Bakanı olan Muharrem İhsan Kızıloğlu kampı denetlemeye geldiğinde herkes ayağa kalkar ama Mehmet Kayalar ve birkaç arkadaşı ayağa kalkmaz. M. İhsan Kızıloğlu, Kayalar'ın önünde durarak hakaret etmek ister ancak Kayalar onun hakaretine fırsat vermeden, "Senin soy ismindeki kızıllık, yüzünden görülmektedir. İsmin kızıllığı senin yüzüne aksetmiş" dedi. Kayalar daha sonra "55 Ağa" içerisinde yer alarak Çanakkale'ye sürüldü. Orada Milli Birlik Komitesi'ne yazdığı mektupta kısaca, "27 Mayıs'tan beri geçen 11 aylık zamanda maruz kaldığım acıklı muameleler, hapis ve neyfiyemdeki sıkıntılar ve bazı garazkâr neşriyatla üzerime tevcih edilen iftiraların hakikatsizliğini ifade etmek için şahsıma ait bu maruzatımı zikretmeye mecbur kaldım... Hatta bugün Şarkta Kürtçülük damarını kırdığımız ve aleyhinde bulunduğumuz için bu menfi fikri taşıyan Kürtler bize düşman kesilmişlerdir.

Dini Yönü

Mehmed Kayalar 1942 yılında Risale-i Nur eserleri ile ve 1950'de Said Nursî ile tanışır. İkinci görüşmesinde emekli olmaya karar verir. Önyüzbaşı rütbesinde iken 1952 yılında emekli olur.

Risale-i Nur'un ilk te'lifi Albay Hulusi Bey ve İbrahim Hulusi Yahyagil ile başlar. Neşri şarkta ve Anadolu'da yüzbaşı Mehmed Kayalar ile devam eder.

Mehmed Kayalar emekli olduktan sonra Diyarbakır'da ikamet edip yöre insanlarına uzun yıllar Risale-i Nur ve Kur'an dan tefsir, hadis, fıkıh dersleri verdi.

1 Haziran 1994'te Çiftlikköy'de ölmüştür.

1914 doğumlular
1994 yılında ölenler
Selanik doğumlular

Mehmed Kayalar


Bachmann Branchline is a British OO gauge model railway brand manufactured by Bachmann Europe PLC, a subsidiary of Bachmann Industries, and is used for British outline OO scale model railways.

Bachmann, a US company founded in 1835, was purchased by Kader Industries in 1987. Kader had previously produced models for Palitoy under the Mainline brand. Palitoy required its manufacturers to produce and retain ownership of the toolings and Kader had used the toolings and added new ones for models commissioned by Replica Railways following the demise of Mainline.

Kader formed Bachmann Europe PLC in 1989 with its main UK headquarters in Moat Way, Barwell, and the following year launched the Bachmann Branchline range for the British market with the moulds that had previously been used for Mainline Railways and Replica. From this starting point Bachmann has developed the range further and now produce a large range of models competing in particular with Hornby.

In 2000, Bachmann Europe PLC bought Graham Farish, an N gauge manufacturer, and since then many of its models have been made available in both gauges.

Items

Bachmann is known for its consistent quality of model trains . Many of its trains include NEM pockets, making it possible to replace standard tension lock coupling with close couplings such as Kadees or screw link couplings.

Models produced

The following locomotive models have been produced, or announced by Bachmann Branchline:

Diesel locomotives

Electric locomotives

Diesel multiple units

Electric multiple units

Steam Locomotives

|-
|GWR 9400 Class
|GWR Green, BR Black, One version exclusive to Locomotion Models
|DCC Ready

OO9 Gauge Steam Locomotives
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Class
! Liveries
!

|-
|Baldwin Class 10-12-D
|ROD Black, WHR Black, ALR Crimson and ALR Black, WHR Maroon, GVR Black, SDR Black & SR Green
|DCC Ready
|-
|Dinorwic Alice Class
|Blue, Red, Black & Green
|DCC Ready
|-
|Ffestiniog Railway Double Fairlie
|FR Lined Green, FR Lined Maroon
|DCC Ready
|-
|Penrhyn Main Line Class
|Penrhyn Quarry Lined Black
|DCC Ready

OO9 Gauge Diesel Locomotives

Rivals

Hornby Railways - Bachmann and Hornby are the two largest OO manufacturers in locomotives, wagons, coaches, scenics and more.
Dapol - Produces wagons in OO and N. Also produce locomotives.
Heljan - Produces a number of locomotives and wagons
Oxford Rail - Produces OO scale locos and wagons
Vi Trains - Recently started producing OO locomotives
Rails of Sheffield - Recently started producing OO locomotives with Dapol and Bachmann Branchline
Rapido Trains UK - Recently started producing OO locomotives and wagons in the UK Market
Accurascale - Recently started producing OO locomotives and wagons
Revolution Trains - Recently Started producing OO locomotives and wagons

References

[1] See articles in 'Model Railway Enthusiast', 1999-2000.

External links
 Bachmann Branchline pages on the Bachmann Europe website

Bachmann Industries
Model railroad manufacturers
Model manufacturers of the United Kingdom

Bachmann Branchline


El terremoto de Vrancea de 1977 tuvo lugar el viernes, 4 de marzo de 1977, a las 21:21 (hora local) y se sintió principalmente en los Balcanes. Tuvo una magnitud de 7,5 en la escala de Richter, con epicentro en Vrancea, Rumania, a una profundidad de .

El terremoto mató aproximadamente 1.578 personas, de las cuales 1.424 en Bucarest y dejó más de 11.300 heridos. A causa del terremoto, Nicolae Ceausescu suspendió su viaje a Nigeria. Más de 35.000 viviendas fueron destruidas, y el daño total costó más de 2 mil millones de dólares. El mayor daño fue provocado en Bucarest, donde más de 33 edificios se derrumbaron. La mayoría de esos edificios fueron construidos antes de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y no fueron reforzados. Muchos edificios importantes en Bucarest no fueron reconstruidos, así que se limpió el sitio y más tarde se construiría el Palacio del Parlamento Rumano. Después del terremoto, se construyeron edificios más resistentes.

En Bulgaria, el seísmo es conocido como «terremoto de Vrancea» o «terremoto de Svishtov». Tres edificios se derrumbaron en esta ciudad y murieron más de 100 personas. Muchos otros edificios fueron dañados, incluso la Iglesia de la Santa Trinidad. En la RSS de Moldavia, el terremoto destruyó y dañó muchos edificios. En la capital, Chisináu, cundió el pánico.

Reacciones de la gente
Muchas personas entraron en pánico y salieron a las calles. Esto es lo que dijo Mircea Nemigean a la Sociedad Rumana de Televisión:

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 .

Terremotos de 1977
Historia de Rumania
Geología de Rumania
Rumania en 1977
Distrito de Vrancea

Terremoto de Vrancea de 1977


An Thelasis abbreviata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Schltr., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Walter Kittredge. An Thelasis abbreviata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Thelasis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Thelasis

Thelasis abbreviata


Moreton Island (Mulgumpin) is an island on the eastern side of Moreton Bay on the coast of South East Queensland, Australia. The Coral Sea lies on the east coast of the island. Moreton Island lies  northeast of the Queensland capital, Brisbane. 98% of the island is contained within a national park and a popular destination for day trippers, four wheel driving, camping, recreational angling and whale watching and a 75-minute ferry ride from Brisbane. It is the third largest sand island in the world. Together with Fraser Island, Moreton Island forms the largest sand structure in the world. It was the traditional country of the Ngugi before settlement.

The island is within the City of Brisbane and is gazetted into four localities, the small townships of Bulwer (on the north-west coast), Cowan Cowan (on the west coast) and Kooringal (on the south-west coast) with the bulk of the island being the locality of Moreton Island. The private Tangalooma Island Resort is also within the locality of Moreton Island. All residential areas are located on the western coast of the island facing Moreton Bay.

The island was named by Matthew Flinders. At least five lighthouses have been built on the island. A small number of residents live in four small settlements. Tangalooma was the site of a whaling station. Access to the island is by vehicular barge or passenger ferry services. Moreton Island is a popular destination for camping and fishing.

It is one of the wettest parts of the City of Brisbane with precipitation spread evenly throughout the year compared to other parts of South East Queensland. Cape Moreton receives an annual average rainfall of .

Geography
The island covers an area of approximately , and extends for  from north to south and is  at its widest point. Cape Moreton, at the north eastern tip of the island, is the only rock outcrop on the island.  It was named Cape Morton by Captain James Cook in May 1770, and was at that time assumed to be part of the mainland. The current spelling came about because of a clerical error later.

The highest point on the island is named Mount Tempest, which at   is reputedly the highest, stabilised, coastal sandhill in the world. Close to Mount Tempest is another large sandhill—Storm Mountain at  .  High parabolic dunes are found along a central spine.  Behind the beaches are many sand blow-outs where disturbances in natural dune vegetation has permitted high winds to blow sand inland.

Moreton Island has a few freshwater lakes. A number of perched and window lakes have formed on the island over many years. As the water table beneath the Island fills with rain water large lakes are formed, with Blue Lagoon being the largest and most popular on the Eastern side of the island.  Honeyeater Lake, renowned for its birdlife is the smaller sister lake to Blue Lagoon. Dolphin Lake near Tangalooma named because it resembles a wild dolphin. The smallest and most impressive is Lake Trusiak near Bulwer named after Polish island adventurer George Trusiak.

Four small settlements exist on the western side of the island. The northernmost of these is Bulwer near the north western corner of the island, whilst Cowan Cowan is approximately  further south. Approximately  further south lies the private Tangalooma Island Resort. This former whaling station features the Tangalooma Marine Education and Conservation Centre (TMECC) and is known for its dolphin feeding and wreck diving. Tangalooma is the main access point to the island with regular passenger ferry and vehicular barge services. The island's main airstrip is  long and lies between Cowan Cowan and Tangalooma. The other settlement is Kooringal which is located near the southern tip of the island. This township has its own  airstrip and was serviced by a vehicular barge that ran to Amity Point on North Stradbroke Island until April 2009 when the barge was sold off due to limited business and high operation costs. A new vehicular barge called the Amity Trader now services the same route.

Fort Cowan Cowan, an old World War II bunker and fortification complex that was used to protect the approaches to Moreton Bay, is located north of Cape Cowan Cowan. The bar between the two islands is known as South Passage and is dangerous to cross in high seas.

History
Moreton Island is the traditional home of the Ngugi tribe. The islands contains numerous shell middens, indicating Aboriginal occupation of the island for at least 2000 years. While James Cook named the main headland on the island Cape Morton on the 17 May 1770, Those that came after him wrongly used "Moreton"  it was Matthew Flinders who, on 31 July 1799, named the island. Castaways Thomas Pamphlett, John Finnegan and Richard Parsons traversed the island in March and April 1823 before heading to the mainland via Stradbroke Island. The Ngugi, who comprised an estimated 100 people, together with the Nunukul of North Stradbroke Island, clashed with whites establishing a presence on their islands, usually over matters related to native women. Between July 1831 and December 1832 some 30 to 40 of both groups were wounded or killed. In one sortie arranged by Captain Clunie of the 17th Regiment, a score of Ngugi, surprised by a dawn ambush, were shot down at a fresh water lagoon near the southern end of Moreton Island.*

European residents settled on the island in 1848, after the Sovereign shipwrecked on the island and a pilot station was established at Bulwer. This pilot station was operated until 1909. The clipper Young Australia was wrecked on Moreton Island in 1872.

At Cape Moreton is Queensland's oldest lighthouse, Cape Moreton Light, which was first lit in 1857. The lighthouse was followed by at least four other lighthouse erected since the 1860s, at Comboyuro Point, North Point, Cowan Cowan Point and Yellow Patch. During World War II, a number of defence installations were installed on the island by the Royal Australian Navy and Australian Army. These sites included anti aircraft guns and mine control buildings. Their purpose was to protect the approaches to the port of Brisbane and at its peak 900 troops were stationed on the island.

Between 1952 and 1962, Tangalooma, on the western side of the island, was the site of Queensland's only whaling station, with humpback whales being harvested on their annual migration north. Each season up to 600 whales were processed with a maximum of 11 whales per day. The site of the whaling station is now the Tangalooma Island Resort. The flensing plan of the station still exists as part of the resort.

Moreton Island was included in the Greater Brisbane area in 1974. The council initially permitted 60% of the island to potentially be sandmined, however a public outcry led to the council changing the zoning to open space. The sands on the island contain rutile and zircon. The Queensland Government, led by Joh Bjelke-Petersen supported sandmining on the island and established the Cook Inquiry which produced a report recommending that 94% of the island be banned from mining. Despite this more mining licences were granted until 1984 when the Federal government announced it would decline export licences for the island's mineral sands. In 1989, then Premier of Queensland, Wayne Goss halted mining of the island and compensated the companies involved.

A salt-water lagoon on the island was used as a temporary home to a dugong called Pig. Pig was the youngest dugong ever successfully reared in captivity. The dugong was placed in the lagoon to increase its natural instincts before being released into the wild.

Pacific Adventurer oil spill

On 11 March 2009 the container ship MV Pacific Adventurer lost bunker oil and cargo north of Moreton Island during heavy seas that were generated by Tropical Cyclone Hamish. The ship reportedly lost 31 containers of ammonium nitrate and as much as 230 tonnes of bunker oil. The spilled bunker oil was washed ashore on beaches along the northern end of Moreton Island including Honeymoon Bay, as well as along Bribie Island and beaches on the Sunshine Coast. These have been deemed disaster areas, although a controversy has arisen as to the lack of early response as well as the refusal to accept offers of help or allow access to clean up the area.

The ship's owners face the possibility of up to 2 million in fines and the skipper could have to pay up to $200,000. They may also be liable for up to $250 million for environmental damage to the shoreline.

Britain's Swire Shipping Ltd., the Hong Kong-registered ship's owner, said containers aboard the ship had slipped from the deck as it rocked in cyclone-stirred waters, ripping a hole in a bunker oil tank and spilling the equivalent of more than  of bunk oil into the sea. Later, the company said a diver's inspection of the hull had led it to conclude the amount of spilled bunk oil was "significantly more" than that, but did not give a replacement figure.

Native title recognition
The Quandamooka people were granted native title of Mulgumpin on 27 November 2019.  Joint management of the national park gives responsibility for camping book to the Quandamooka Yoolooburrabee Aboriginal Corporation

Heritage listings
Moreton Island has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 Cape Moreton: Cape Moreton Lightstation
 25 Dorothy Newnham Street: Signal Station, Moreton Island
 30 Jessie Wadsworth Street: Fort Cowan Cowan (Cowan Cowan Battery)

The island was also listed in 1981 on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate.

Recreation

Established in 1966, 98% of the island is contained within the Moreton Island National Park, which has a World Conservation Union (IUCN) category of II. The park is managed by the Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service.

Camping and four wheel driving is permitted and possible in many parts, with the appropriate fee. Motor vehicle access is by ferry, but is for four wheel drive vehicles only, as there are no sealed roads on the island. Camping is permitted, however permits must be obtained on the mainland. There are plenty of recreational activities including sand tobogganing which Moreton is famous for, snorkeling & diving, bird watching, feeding dolphins, whale watching from land, fishing and parasailing.

There are more islands to the south, South Stradbroke Island and North Stradbroke Island, and to the north; Bribie Island and Fraser Island (reputed to be the biggest sand island in the world, Moreton Island being the third largest to Fraser).

Management plan
The Queensland Government implemented a new management plan called the Moreton Island Management Plan on 1 July 2007. This plan includes a new camping booking system, designated routes for quads, trikes and trail bikes and other zoning which defines rules for access and recreational opportunities. The plan incorporated existing fire management plans, pest and plant control measures and feral animal eradication programs.

Transport
Access to the island is via vehicle ferry service from the Moreton Island Adventures MICAT at Port of Brisbane in Lytton, and the resort passenger services on the Tangalooma Island Resort Fleet departing from the Brisbane River at Holt St Pinkenba.  A service from Amity Point on North Stradbroke Island was discontinued. Timetable details are available at . The Combie Trader barge service from Scarborough in Redcliffe City to Bulwer no longer operates. It ceased in July 2008 due to matters with the terminal and landing areas.

There is no public bus service on the island. Tours and taxi transfers by four wheel drive (off-road) vehicles operate from Bulwer. Private vehicles may be brought to the island by ferry. They can be driven on the island but require a vehicle access permit as the island is a national park. Four wheel drive (off-road) vehicles are necessary as roads are unsealed and often sandy tracks beyond resort areas. Many beaches, particularly on the east shore, also serve as roads. There is little or no petrol on the island.

See also

 List of islands of Queensland
 Protected areas of Queensland

References

External links

Moreton Island History
Moreton Island National Park Information
Image of Northern tip of Moreton Island
Moreton Oil Spill Recovery Website

Islands of Moreton Bay
Beaches of Queensland
Geography of Brisbane
Barrier islands
Queensland in World War II
Queensland places listed on the defunct Register of the National Estate

Moreton Island


An Bromus moesiacus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Josef Velenovský. An Bromus moesiacus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Bromus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Ginklasipika han IUCN an species komo kulang hin datos. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Bromus

Bromus moesiacus


O Ministério da Educação (MED) é um órgão do Governo da República de Angola que, em sua estrutura administrativa, cuida da formulação, execução e avaliação das políticas nacionais dirigidas à educação, com as políticas de qualificação profissional. Sua autoridade superior é o Ministro da Educação.

Histórico
As raízes do ministério estão no Acordo do Alvor, que estabeleceu o Conselho Presidencial do Governo de Transição. Foi criada a pasta do Ministério da Educação e Cultura em 15 de janeiro de 1975, liderada pelo ministro Jerónimo Elavoko Wanga. Em agosto do mesmo ano as funções foram suspensas.

O ministério foi formalmente recriado em novembro de 1975 como Ministério da Educação e Cultura. A atual Ministra da Educação é Luísa Grilo.

Lista de ministros

Educação

Ministério da Educação (Angola)


Loitz er en by og kommune i det nordøstlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Peenetal/Loitz i den vestlige del af Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald. Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald ligger i delstaten Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

Geografi
Loitz er beliggende i den vestlige del af Vorpommern ved floden Peene og dens nedre moselandskab. Øst for byen munder den fra nord kommende flod Schwinge ud i Peene. I nærheden af landsbyen Drosedow ligger skovområdet Drosedower Wald og Naturschutzgebiet Kronwald.

Omkringliggende byer er Demmin, Greifswald, Jarmen og Grimmen. Nabokommuner til Loitz er (med uret): Süderholz, Sassen-Trantow, Bentzin, Tutow, Kletzin, byen Demmin, Nossendorf og Glewitz.

Landsbyer
I kommunen ligger ud over Loitz, landsbyerne:

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

 Byens websted
 Befolkningsstatistik mm

Byer i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Kommuner i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Amt Peenetal/Loitz
Byer i Kreis Vorpommern-Greifswald

Loitz


Le Bon Marché (lit. "piața bună" sau "afacerea bună" în limba franceză; ) este unul dintre cele mai vechi și mai faimoase magazine din Paris. Fondat în 1838 și restructurat aproape complet de către Aristide Boucicaut în 1852, el este considerat în mod eronat ca primul magazin modern din lume, dar această onoare îi revine în realitate magazinului Bainbridge din Newcastle upon Tyne (Anglia), fondat în același an. Aflat acum în proprietatea companiei de produse de lux LVMH, el vinde o gamă largă de produse de înaltă calitate, inclusiv alimente într-o clădire adiacentă pe rue de Sèvres nr. 38, numită La Grande Épicerie de Paris.

Istoric
Un magazin de noutăți numit Au Bon Marché a fost fondat la Paris în 1838 pentru a vinde dantelă, panglici, așternuturi, saltele, nasturi, umbrele și alte produse asortate. Acesta avea inițial patru departamente, doisprezece angajați și un spațiu de 300 de metri pătrați. Omul de afaceri Aristide Boucicaut a devenit unul din partenerii companiei în 1852, și a schimbat planul de marketing, instituind prețuri fixe și garanții care permiteau schimburile de mărfuri și restituirea banilor plătiți, publicând anunțuri frecvente și aducând o varietate mult mai mare de mărfuri. Venitul anual al magazinului a crescut de la 500.000 de franci în 1852 la cinci milioane de franci în 1860. Boucicaut a construit în 1869 o clădire mult mai mare în 24 rue de Sèvres, pe Malul Stâng, și a mărit din nou magazinul în 1872, cu ajutorul firmei de inginerie a lui Gustave Eiffel, creatorul Turnului Eiffel. Venitul a crescut de douăzeci de milioane de franci în anul 1870 la 72 de milioane de franci la momentul morții lui Boucicaut, în 1877. Spațiul comercial crescuse de la 300 de metri pătrați în 1838 la 50.000, iar numărul de angajați se mărise de la doisprezece în 1838 până la 1.788 în 1879. Boucicaut a fost renumit pentru inovațiile sale în materie de marketing: publicitate extinsă în ziare, o sală de lectură pentru soții ce așteptau în timp ce soțiile lor făceau cumpărături, spații de joacă pentru copii și șase de milioane de cataloage trimise clienților. Prin 1880 jumătate din angajați erau femei; femeile necăsătorite angajate locuiau în dormitoarele de la etajele superioare.

Arhitectura magazinului a fost foarte inovatoare pentru timpul său; magazinul din 1869 a fost construit de arhitectul Louis-Auguste Boileau. Alexandre Laplanche a ornamentat clădirea cu decorațiuni din fier forjat. Louis-Charles Boileau, fiul său, a continuat să lucreze la construcția magazinului în anii 1870, colaborând cu firma lui Gustave Eiffel pentru diferite părți ale structurii sale. Louis-Hippolyte Boileau, nepotul lui Louis-Auguste Boileau, a lucrat la extinderea magazinului în anii 1920.

Aspectul clădirii a inspirat design-ul magazinului Bon Marche din Sydney, proiectat de Arthur Anderson.

Operațiuni
În 1922, când artele decorative erau la apogeu în Franța, a fost înființat departamentul de produse de artă decorativă Pomone, urmându-se tendința altor magazine pariziene. În perioada 1923-1928 director a fost Paul Follot (1877-1941), urmat de René-Lucien Prou (1889-1948) și Albert-Lucien Guénot (1894-1993) până în 1955. Azi casa-mobilier de inventar în primul rând este format din nume de marcă, dar nu așa-numitele aparate de alb.

Lectură suplimentară
 Miller, Michael B., Les Grands Magasins du Bon Marché, Paris, 1914
 Zola, Émile, La paradisul femeilor, Paris: Charpentier, 1883. A apărut în foileton în periodicul Gil Blas, fiind publicat apoi ca al 11-lea roman din seria Les Rougon-Macquart a lui Zola. Este unul dintre cele mai pozitive romane ale lui Zola despre schimbările produse în societate în timpul celui de-al Doilea Imperiu: documentează nașterea comerțului modern și schimbările în urbanism și arhitectură, prezintă feminismul, analizează dorința de consum formată pe piață și povestește în stilul Cenușăresei viața soților Boucicaut care, în roman, apar ca Octave Mouret și Denise Baudu.
 Marrey, Bernard, Les Grands Magasins des origines à 1939, Paris: Picard, 1979
 The Bon Marché: Bourgeois Culture and the Department Store, 1869–1920, Princeton: Princeton University, 1981
 Byars, Mel. "Follot, Paul" "Pomone", "Guénot, Albert-Lucien" și "Prou, René-Lucien", The Design Encyclopedia, New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2004, pp. 234, 289, 585, 598–599
 R. Stephen Sennott, ed., "Department Store", Encyclopedia of 20th-Century Architecture, New York: Fitzroy Dearborn, vol. 1, A–F, p. 356
 Sally Aitken, "Seduction in the City: The Birth of Shopping" (documentar TV)

Referințe

Legături externe
  Le Bon Marché official website
 Cape (with Au Bon Marché label), ca. 1890-1905, in the Staten Island Historical Society Online Collection Database

Clădiri și structuri din Paris
Arondismentul 7 din Paris

Le Bon Marché


Kiosk er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2007 instrueret af Hilde Stålskjær.

Handling
Midt på Nørrebro i København ligger De Gamles By; et indhegnet institutionsområde hvor 600 mennesker lever den sidste del af deres liv. Bortgemt og bortglemt. I De Gamles By er der en kiosk og en kirke. Liv og død. Filmen her handler om kiosken.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Filmskolefilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2007

Kiosk (dokumentarfilm)


Calumma radamanus est une espèce de reptiles de la famille des Chamaeleonidae.

Répartition

Cette espèce est endémique du nord-est de Madagascar.

Description
Calumma radamanus est ovipare.

Publication originale

Liens externes

Références

Saurien (nom scientifique)
Chamaeleonidae
Faune endémique de Madagascar

Calumma radamanus


Inbar Lanir (en ), née le  à Yehud en Israël, est une judokate israélienne.

Carrière
Inbar Lanir est médaillée de bronze par équipes aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020 à Tokyo puis championne du monde des moins de 78 kilos à Doha en mai 2023.

Palmarès

Masters mondial, tournois Grand Chelem et Grand Prix

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en avril 2000
Naissance dans le district centre (Israël)
Judokate israélienne
Championne du monde de judo
Médaillée de bronze olympique israélienne
Judokate aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020

Inbar Lanir


Canelas Portekiz'de Vila Nova de Gaia belediyesine bağlı olan, 7,47 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 12.303 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Vila Nova de Gaia'nın bucakları

Canelas (Vila Nova de Gaia)


La région de bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord (en ) est un organisme public indépendant des municipalités et de l'État chargé des services sociaux, de santé et de secours en Ostrobotnie du Nord.
C'est l'une des 23 régions de bien-être de Finlande.

Municipalités
La région compte 30 municipalités, dont 11 villes.

 Alavieska
 Haapajärvi
 Haapavesi
 Hailuoto
 Ii
 Kalajoki
 Kempele
 Kuusamo
 Kärsämäki
 Liminka
 Lumijoki
 Merijärvi
 Muhos
 Nivala
 Oulainen
 Oulu
 Pudasjärvi
 Pyhäjoki
 Pyhäjärvi
 Pyhäntä
 Raahe
 Reisjärvi
 Sievi
 Siikajoki
 Siikalatva
 Taivalkoski
 Tyrnävä
 Utajärvi
 Vaala
 Ylivieska

Services
La responsabilité légale de l'organisation des services sociaux et de santé et de secours passera des municipalités à la région de bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord à partir du 1er janvier 2023.

Soins de santé
Hormis Reisjärvi, les municipalités de la zone de bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord appartiennent au district hospitalier d'Ostrobotnie du Nord.
Les hopitaux de la région sont l'hôpital universitaire d'Oulu, l'hôpital d'Oulaskangas et l'hôpital de Raahe.

Opérations de secours
En termes d'opérations de secours d'urgence, les municipalités de la région de bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord dépendent siit du service de secours d'Oulu-Koillismaa soit du service de secours Jokilaaksojen pelastuslaitos.
Ces deux services de secours d'urgence ont l'intention de fusionner.

Politique et administration
Les élections régionales finlandaises de 2022 ont eu lieu le 23 janvier 2022 afin de désigner pour la première fois les 79 conseillers régionaux élus pour 3 ans pour administrer la région de services du bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord.
La répartition des voix et des sièges sont les suivantes :

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Régions de bien-être

Liens externes
 pohjois-pohjanmaanhyvinvointialue

Ostrobotnie du Nord
Ostrobotnie du Nord

Région de bien-être d'Ostrobotnie du Nord


تفرض الضرائب في مصر على الدخل الفردي وللشركات. تعتبر مصر من أوائل الشعوب التي جمعت الضرائب في العالم ومنذ عهد القدماء المصريين. القانون المطبق حالياً بدأ في عام 2005. والجهة التي تجمع الضرائب في مصر هي مصلحة الضرائب المصرية.

انشئت سنة 2006 بقرار جمهوري بدمج مصلحتي الضرائب العامة والضرائب على المبيعات، وهي الهيئة المتخصصة بجمع الضرائب في مصر ورؤية المصلحة تسعى إلى بناء الثقة في المجتمع الضريبي من خلال تقديم خدمات ضريبية متطورة قرار رئيس الجمهورية رقم 154 لسنة 2006 لدمج مصلحتى الضرائب العامة.

تاريخ الدفع
هناك تاريخ محدد من كل عام لتسليم الإقرار الضريبي ولسداد الضريبة. إذا أراد المتقدم الحصول على فترة عفو لكي يسدد الضريبة في وقت لاحق فيمكنه أن يحصل على فترة لا تتعدى ثلاثون يوماً مع دفع مبلغ إضافي كفائدة.
 الشركات وأصحاب الأعمال التجارية (غير الفردية): 30 من أبريل من كل عام. أو في خلال أربعة أشهر من انتهاء السنة المالية.
 أصحاب الأعمال التجارية وغير التجارية والملكية (الفردية): حتى 31 من مارس من كل عام.

نسبة الضريبة
المبلغ المستحق العام (للضريبة المباشرة) على الربح الفردي يحسب على هذا الصدد:

 أول 5000 جنيهاً: 0% (إعفاء)
 ال25000 التالية: 10%
 ال150000 التالية: 15%
 ال205000 التالية: 20%
 المبلغ المتبقي الإضافي+: 25%

المبلغ المستحق العام (للضريبة المباشرة) على ربح الشركات يحسب على بنسبة 25%

الإعفائات للفرد العامل
هناك العديد من الإعفائات التي تخصم من الأساس الضريبي على الدخل للأفراد العاملين لأجل أطراف أخرى.
 العلاوة الاجتماعية
 العلاوة المميزة
 بدل المظهر في الجهات الحكومية
 بدل لإحتياجات العمل
 الإعفاء الشخصي 7000 جنيهاً
 المساهمة في المعاشات
 التأمينات الخاصة أو التأمينات على الحياة للعامل والأقارب من الدرجة الأولى
 المبالغ المكتسبة من أرباح الشركة

ضريبة دخل المهن الحرة / غير تجارية
اصحاب المهن الحرة أو الغير تجارية مثل الأطباء اصحاب العيادات الخاصة، المحامي الحر، الممثلين، الخ... يطبق عليهم الضريبة على الدخل. تحسب الضريبة على صافي الربح الضريبي. تخصم النفقات المرتبطة بالعمل على أن تكون مسندة بالوثائق والفواتير، ويسمح ب 10 % من هذه النفقات كحد أقصى للنفقات المخصومة غير المدعومة بالوثائق. أما عن المساهمات والتبرعات فلا يسمح بالخصم إلا للمساهمات والتبرعات إلى الجهات الحكومية المصرية أو الجهات المراقبة من قبل الحكومة المصرية (لا تتعدى 10% من الربح الضريبي قبل خصم المساهمات). جميع الحسابات الضريبية هنا تحسب على الأساس النقدي وليس أساس الاستحقاق.

ضريبة دخل التجارة والتصنيع
تطبق هذه الضريبة على صافي الدخل الضريبي من اصحاب الملكية الفردية في جميع مجالات التجارة والتصنيع والخدمات التي تهدف للربح. دائماً ما يوجد فرق بين الدخل المحاسبي والدخل الضريبي لوجود خلافات بين قوانين المحاسبة العامة والقانون الضريبي المصري، لذلك يجب توضيح هذه الاختلافات في الإقرار الضريبي. أما عن المساهمات والتبرعات فلا يسمح بالخصم إلا للمساهمات والتبرعات إلى الجهات الحكومية المصرية أو الجهات المراقبة من قبل الحكومة المصرية (لا تتعدى 110/10 من صافي الأرباح قبل خصم المساهمات). في معظم الحالات الحسابات الضريبية للدخل من النشاط العادي تحسب على أساس الاستحقاق والدخل الفرعي على الأساس النقدي.ويقصد بالتبرعات المدفوعة طبقا لنص القانون التبرعات النقدية والعينية .

انظر أيضًا
 قائمة قوانين الضرائب (مصر)

وصلات خارجية
 مصلحة الضرائب المصرية

مصادر

الضرائب في مصر

الضرائب في مصر


Tiepina este un compus heterociclic heptaciclic, polinesaturat, cu sulf, cu formula chimică C6H6S. Compusul este instabil și se prezice că ar fi antiaromatic. Derivații acestuia care au fost izolați prezintă un nucleu C6S non-planar, ceea ce a fost demonstrat prin cristalografie de raze X.

Două medicamente cu structură derivată de la tiepină (dibenzotiepine) sunt dosulepină și zotepină.

Note

Vezi și
 Azepină
 Oxepină

Legături externe

Compuși heterociclici cu sulf

Tiepină


Turalići su naseljeno mjesto u općini Kakanj, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.

Stanovništvo

1991.

Nacionalni sastav stanovništva 1991. godine, bio je sljedeći:

ukupno: 339

 Muslimani - 336
 ostali, neopredijeljeni i nepoznato - 3

2013.

Nacionalni sastav stanovništva 2013. godine, bio je sljedeći:

ukupno: 222

 Bošnjaci - 222

Izvori

Naselja u Zeničko-dobojskoj županiji
Kakanj

Turalići (Kakanj, BiH)


Horný Kalník este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Martin din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 182 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu comuna Dolný Kalník.

Istoric
Localitatea Horný Kalník este atestată documentar din 1225.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Horný Kalník


رولا جبريل (24 أبريل 1973-)، صحفية فلسطينية وروائية وكاتبة سيناريو ومحللة سياسية للشؤون الخارجية، تحمل أيضًا الجنسيتين الإسرائيلية والإيطالية. عملت كمذيعة في قناة إم إس إن بي سي الأمريكية.

الحياة المبكرة والتعليم

ولدت في حيفا، فلسطين ونشأت في مدينة القدس. عمل والدها عثمان جبريل النيجيري الأصل والمولود في نيجيريا كأحد حراسّ المسجد الأقصى. عندما كانت في الخامسة، انتحرت والدتها زكية، التي عانت كثيراً بسبب تعرضها للعنف في طفولتها فقامت بإغراق نفسها. في عام 1978، أودعها والدها هي وشقيقتها رانيا في مدرسة دار الطفل للأيتام، حتى عام 1991، توفي والدها وهي في عمر16 سنة. نشأت وتربت في دار الأيتام، واعتبرت مؤسستها هند الحسيني بمثابة المعلمة والأم التي أنقذتها ومنحتها الحياة.
في عام 1993، حصلت على منحة دراسية من الحكومة الإيطالية لدراسة الطب في جامعة بولونيا، حيث تخرجت في مجال العلاج الطبيعي.

الحياة المهنية

الصحافة

عملت لمدة اثني عشر عامًا في الصحافة الإيطالية. وفي عام 2006 عملت كمذيعة مع ميشيل سانتورو في البرنامج التلفزيوني السياسي الإيطالي أنوزيرو.

الكتب والأفلام

في عام 2003 كتبت روايتها الأولى ميرال. وتحولت الرواية لاحقًا إلى فيلم سينمائي من إخراج جوليان شنابل. وفي عام 2007، نشرت روايتها الثانية بعنوان عروس أسوان.
وتناولت في كتابها الثالث بعنوان المرفوض قصص واقعية بشأن أحوال المهاجرين في إيطاليا، سواء أولئك الذين شقوا طريقهم إلى مستقبل مهني ناجح، أو من يعيشون على هامش المجتمع الإيطالي، وذلك استناداً على مقابلات أجرتها معهم

الحياة الشخصية

لديها ابنة من فنان إيطالي. ارتبطت بالفنان الأمريكي اليهودي جوليان شنابل منذ عام 2007 حتى عام 2011.
تزوجت عام 2013 من آرثر ألتشول، الابن، ابن المصرفي آرثر ألتشول وأحد أفراد عائلة ليمان. وانفصلا عام 2016 بعد أن جمعتها علاقة غرامية مع روجر ووترز أحد أعضاء فريق بينك فلويد.
تجيد أربع لغات هي: الإيطالية، والإنجليزية، والعربية والعبرية. تصف نفسها بأنها مسلمة علمانية.

أعمالها

 طريق الزهور، ميرال باللغة الإيطالية La strada dei fiori di Miral، ريتسولي Rizzoli، عام 2005 ISBN 978-88-17-00850-1.
 ميرال باللغة الإنجليزية، ترجمة جون كولين. بنجوين Penguin، عام 2010 ISBN 978-0-14-311619-6.
 ميرال، زهرة الصحراء باللغة الدانماركية Ørkenblomsten، انجلستاد Engelstad، عام 2005 ISBN 978-82-92533-10-9.
 ميرال، قصة ثلاث نساء وحلم مشترك باللغة الألمانية Miral – Ein Land. Drei Frauen. Ein gemeinsamer Traum، ترجمة ليون مينجدين، بي تي بي Btb، عام 2010 ISBN 978-3-442-74148-9.
 عروس أسوان باللغة الإيطالية La sposa di Assuan، ريتسولي Rizzoli، عام 2005 ISBN 978-88-17-00867-9.
 عروس أسوان باللغة الفرنسية La promise d'Assouan، ترجمة لوسي كومبارينى، التلد Altal éd، عام 2007 ISBN 978-2-916736-04-4.
 عروس أسوان باللغة البرتغالية A esposa de Assuão، كامبو داس لترس Campo das Letras، عام 2007 ISBN 978-989-625-237-3.
 الرفض: إيطاليا من خلال عيون المهاجرين إليها باللغة الايطالية Divieto di soggiorno: l'Italia vista con gli occhi dei suoi immigrati، ميلانو، إيطاليا، ريتسولي Rizzoli، عام 2007 ISBN 978-88-17-01270-6.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي.
 رولا جبريل، الفهرس العالمي.
 مقابلات
 رولا جبريل في برنامج تشارلي روز.
 رولا جبريل في مهرجان تورونتو السينمائي الدولي، 14 سبتمبر 2010.
 رولا جبريل في الانتفاضة الإلكترونية، 22 مارس 2011.
 مقالات
 رولا جبريل، ميرال، 6 ديسمبر 2010.
 جوليان شنابل والقضية الفلسطسنية، 13 يناير 2011.
 مراجعات الكتب
 رواية ميرال، 20 يناير 2011.

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من القدس
أشخاص من حيفا
إسرائيليون من أصل نيجيري
إيطاليون متجنسون
إيطاليون من أصل إسرائيلي
إيطاليون من أصل فلسطيني
خريجو جامعة بولونيا
روائيات فلسطينيات
روائيون فلسطينيون
شخصيات تلفزيونية فلسطينية
عرب 48
فلسطينيون من أصل نيجيري
مذيعات فلسطينيات
مذيعون فلسطينيون
مسلمون أمريكيون
مهاجرون فلسطينيون إلى إيطاليا
مواليد 1393 هـ
مواليد 1973
مواليد في حيفا
نساء عرب 48

رولا جبريل


De Voortrekkers es una película del año 1916.

Sinopsis
Este largometraje épico rodado en 1916 es una de las primeras producciones dramáticas realizadas en Sudáfrica.

Cuenta la historia del Gran Trek (Gran Marcha) que los bóeres llevaron a cabo en la década de 1830. Termina con una reconstrucción de la batalla del Río Sangriento, donde unos cuantos cientos de afrikáneres vencieron a miles de zulúes en 1838. Los afrikáneres llegaron al punto de venerar la película ya que conmemora un periodo muy discutido de su historia. Disfrutó de una larga vida didáctica en las aulas y se proyectaba anualmente en el aniversario de la batalla del Río Sangriento.

Otros fotogramas del filme

Referencias

Enlaces externos

De Voortrekkers


An Trichoglottis ledermannii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Trichoglottis ledermannii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Trichoglottis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Trichoglottis

Trichoglottis ledermannii


سباستيان لارسون  ، من مواليد 6 يونيو 1985 في إسكليستونا في السويد ، لاعب كرة قدم سويدي.

يلعب مع نادي سندرلاند الإنجليزي منذ عام 2011.

بدأ باللعب مع منتخب السويد لكرة القدم في عام 2008.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 معلومات عن اللاعب.
 معلومات أخرى عن اللاعب.

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سويديون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سويديون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من إسكيلستونا
رياضيون سويديون مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو أيك سولنا
لاعبو الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري السويدي لكرة القدم الدرجة الأولى
لاعبو برمنغهام سيتي
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2008
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2012
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2016
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2020
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الإنجليزي
لاعبو سندرلاند
لاعبو كأس العالم 2018
لاعبو كرة قدم سويديون
لاعبو كرة قدم سويديون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو منتخب السويد تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب السويد لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب السويد لكرة القدم للشباب
لاعبو نادي آرسنال
لاعبو نادي إسكيلستونا
لاعبو هال سيتي
مواليد 1985
مواليد في إسكيلستونا
نادي الفيفا المئوي
رياضيون من مقاطعة سودرمانلاند
رياضيون من إسكيلستونا

سيباستيان لارسون


Beacon station is a commuter rail stop on the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line, serving Beacon, New York. The station has three tracks, with one island platform, and one side platform. The station is heavily used by residents of Orange and Dutchess Counties who drive to the station.

History
Rail service in Beacon can be traced as far back as December 6, 1849, with the Hudson River Railroad. The station was originally named "Fishkill Landing," and like many others on the Hudson Line, it is also right on the Hudson River. On September 4, 1866, the Dutchess and Columbia Railroad was established with the hope of running from the south side of Fishkill Creek northeast and north to meet the New York and Harlem Railroad at Craryville, New York. This junction and the station were built south of Fishkill Landing, and would be known forever as Dutchess Junction. The first station at Dutchess Junction, which was shared by the NYC&HR and D&C was burned down in April 1876, and rebuilt. The railroad along the river was acquired by the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad in November 1869. By 1877, the D&C was taken over by the Newburgh, Dutchess and Connecticut Railroad. In 1881 the New York and New England Railroad built a ferry port near Fishkill Landing station, and added a connecting spur along the north side of the Fishkill Creek (now known as the Beacon Secondary) leading to what became Wickopee Junction, and turned it over to the ND&C.

Dutchess Junction station would face another fire in 1893, and was replaced by little more than a sheltered shed which lasted only into the 1950s. The New York and New England ferry terminal was bought by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, along with the rest of the NY&NE in 1898. In 1905 the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad acquired the ND&C, and in 1907 merged it into the Central New England Railway, which itself was acquired by the New Haven Railroad system in 1904, and allowed to operate under its own name until 1927. In the meantime the NYC&HR became the New York Central Railroad System in 1914.

Between 1913 and 1915, the original HRR line was realigned, and the station was rebuilt in order to accommodate both the New York Central Railroad Hudson Division, as well as the connecting spur of the ND&C along the north side of Fishkill Creek. Since Fishkill Landing was consolidated into the City of Beacon in 1913, the new station would be called Beacon as well. Additionally, the station also contained a new ferry dock designed for trains, passengers, and eventually cars. By 1916, the ND&C was moved from the southeast side of Fishkill Creek to the north side of the creek, and the original section between Dutchess Junction and Wickopee Junction was gradually abandoned in the 1930s. The New Haven Railroad continued to gradually reduce service along the ND&C, although they never completely eliminated service. In 1930 the ferry route officially became part of New York State Route 52.

The decline in railroad service during the post-WW II era affected Beacon station as it did with much of the country, but other forces also put the station at risk. Winter freezes along the Hudson (including one that stranded a ferry boat in the Hudson River), and the construction of the Newburgh–Beacon Bridge brought ferry service at the station to an end. New York Central merged with their long time rival Pennsylvania Railroad in 1968 to form Penn Central Railroad, then acquired the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad in 1969, including the former ND&C. Amtrak took over intercity passenger service in 1971, but Beacon station continued to serve only Penn Central Hudson Line commuter trains which by that time ran to Poughkeepsie and was subsidized by the MTA beginning in 1972. A fire in 1976 destroyed the station built by New York Central in 1913, which was demolished later that year to create more parking capacity. Conrail took over Penn Central in 1976 continued to operate Hudson Line trains until Metro-North Commuter Railroad assumed operation in 1983.

On October 17, 2005, ferry service to the station from Newburgh resumed after 42 years in which the Newburgh–Beacon Bridge had sufficed to bring people across the river. This has allowed the MTA to essentially increase the available parking for the station with little new construction due to the availability of land on the Newburgh waterfront. Fare is $1.75 per person each way; unlike Beacon, parking in Newburgh is free. Those purchasing monthly train passes also have the option to include the Newburgh-Beacon ferry in their ticket. Rail and ferry service at Beacon was severely disrupted by Hurricane Irene in 2011 and Hurricane Sandy in 2012, but not obliterated.

On March 31, 2023, the Track 3 side platform opened for passenger service after a full reconstruction, and is accessible from the south end of the eastern parking lot, including via ramps. The previous Track 3 platform had been out of service and derelict for many years.

Station layout
The station has one six-car-long high-level island platform (Tracks 2 and 1) and 1 high-level side platform (Track 3.)

There is a small newsstand on the platform itself. The station complex also has long housed an upper Hudson Line station of the MTA Police.

Paid parking is provided. There are spaces that require permits and others which can be paid for on a daily basis. Parking is free on weekends and holidays.

Nearby destinations
The Dia Beacon art museum, a short walk from the station, has drawn regular visitors from the city since its 2003 opening to see its collection of large installations which could not be shown in the more limited spaces available in Manhattan. The heavy Dia traffic on weekends is complemented by visitors to prisoners at Fishkill or Downstate correctional facilities, who take many of the taxis available from the station to the prisons just outside town.

References

External links

Beacon Station History (NYC-CNE)

Metro-North Railroad stations in New York (state)
Former New York Central Railroad stations
Former Central New England Railway stations
Beacon, New York
Railway stations in Dutchess County, New York

Beacon station


Sammenstød er en dansk kortfilm fra 2012 instrueret af Nikoline Gjøderum Svenningsen og efter manuskript af Rikke Adelsten Olsen.

Handling
Skolelæreren Anders lever et ukompliceret ungkarleliv. Han elsker sit job og er vellidt og respekteret af elever såvel som venner. Men hvor lidt skal der til for at sætte alt over styr? En aften i byen tager en uventet drejning. Med et er Anders' selvopfattelse og moralske ansvar sat på en prøve af helt karakter, end dem han er vant til at uddele i sin klasse.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2012

Sammenstød


A Batalha de Saint Cast foi um confronto militar durante a Guerra dos Sete Anos na costa francesa entre as forças expedicionárias navais e terrestres britânicas e as forças de defesa costeiras francesas. Lutado em 11 de setembro de 1758, foi vencido pelos franceses.

Durante a Guerra dos Sete Anos, a Grã-Bretanha montou inúmeras expedições anfíbias contra a França e as possessões francesas em todo o mundo. Em 1758 uma série de expedições, então chamadas de Descidas, foram feitas contra a costa norte da França. Os objetivos militares das descidas eram capturar e destruir os portos franceses, desviar as forças terrestres francesas da Alemanha e suprimir os corsários que operavam na costa francesa. A batalha de Saint Cast foi o confronto final de uma descida em força que terminou em uma vitória francesa.

A batalha
Thomas Bligh, tenente-general, levantou acampamento às 3 da manhã do dia 11 e chegou à praia de Saint Cast antes das 9, mas o embarque foi muito lento. Os transportes ficavam bem ao largo da costa e os barcos de desembarque de fundo chato usados para transportar cerca de 70 homens cada foram inicialmente empregados no carregamento de suprimentos, artilharia, gado e cavalos. Quase nenhum soldado havia embarcado quando os franceses apareceram e iniciaram um bombardeio na praia.

Bligh havia formado os 1ºs Guardas de Infantaria e as companhias de granadeiros dos regimentos de linha em uma retaguarda de cerca de 1500 homens sob o comando do comandante da Brigada de Guardas, Major-General Dury, para cobrir a retirada do exército por trás de alguns dunas ao longo da praia. Muita confusão e pânico se instalou entre os britânicos na pressa de sair da praia. As forças francesas desceram um caminho coberto até a praia e colocaram três brigadas em linha com uma quarta na reserva. As cinco fragatas e os ketches de bombas tentaram cobrir a embarcação britânica e seus tiros se desordenaram e fizeram recuar a linha francesa por um tempo. As baterias de artilharia francesas estavam bem posicionadas em terrenos mais altos comandando a praia e a baía. Trocaram tiros com os navios da frota e afundaram três barcos de desembarque cheios de soldados; outros barcos de desembarque foram danificados na praia. Quando as tropas britânicas que permaneciam em terra eram cerca de 3 000, os franceses se aproximaram. Sob fogo da frota britânica, os franceses avançaram contra a posição britânica final liderada por um batalhão de 300 homens de companhias combinadas de granadeiros em uma carga de baioneta comandada pelo Marquês de Cussi e Conde de Montaigu. A retaguarda sob Dury tentou um contra-ataque no qual ele foi ferido fatalmente e os 1º Guardas de Infantaria e granadeiros de linha fugiram para o mar com 800 mortos e mais de 700 prisioneiros. A infantaria francesa perseguiu os retardatários em águas até a cintura até que a frota cessou o fogo, momento em que atenderam os feridos britânicos, tendo sofrido cerca de 300 baixas.

Consequências
Enquanto os britânicos continuaram tais expedições contra colônias e ilhas francesas além do alcance das forças terrestres francesas, esta foi a última tentativa de uma expedição anfíbia em vigor contra a costa da França durante a Guerra dos Sete Anos. O fiasco do embarque de Saint Cast ajudou a convencer o primeiro-ministro britânico Pitt a enviar ajuda militar e tropas para lutar ao lado de Fernando e Frederico, o Grande, no continente europeu. O potencial negativo para outro desastre e as despesas de expedições deste tamanho foram considerados como compensando o ganho temporário dos ataques.

Leitura adicional

 A soldier's journal containing a particular description of the several descents  on the coast of France last war; with an entertaining account of the islands of Guadaloupe Dominique, &c. and also of the isles of Wight and Jersey.  To which are annexed, Observations on the present state of the army of Great Britain., London, Printed for E. and C. Dilly, 1770. First hand account written by a private of the 68th Foot.
 A genuine narrative of the enterprise against the stores and shipping at St. Maloes, from the letters of a person of distinction in the service ...  London, Printed for J. Staples, 1758.
 An Authentic Account of our last attempt on the Coast of France by an Officer who miraculously escaped being cut to pieces, by Swimming to a Boat at a considerable distance from the shore., London, 1758. Containing two first hand accounts of the battle.
 An Impartial Narrative of the Last Expedition to the Coast of France by an Eyewitness. London, 1758.
 Revue anglo-française, Tome Quatrième, Poitiers, 1836.
 Crucible of War, Anderson, Fred. New York, 2000, p. 303. .
 History of England, The Revolution, Death of George the Second. Designed as a Continuation of Mr, Hume's History. T, Smollett,M.D. Vol.III, London, 1848.
 Origin and services of the Coldstream Guards, Daniel Mackinnon. London 1883, Vol.I.
 Origin and History of the First or Grenadier Guards, Lieutenant-General F.W.Hamilton, London, 1874, Vol. II.
 Naval and Military Memoirs of Great Britain, from 1727 to 1783, Vol II and Vol. III, Appendix, London, 1804, Robert Beatson.
 A History of the British Army, Fortescue J. W., MacMillan, London, 1899, Vol. II.
 The Seven Years War, Daniel Marsten, Osprey, Oxford, 2001,
 The Military Experience in the Age of Reason, Duffy, Christopher, 1998, Wordsworth Editions Ltd., Hertfordshire,
 History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, Duncan, Major Francis, London, 1879, Vol. 1.
 The Life of George, Lord Anson, Barrow, Sir John, London, 1889.

Saint Cast

Batalha de Saint Cast


The Regni, Regini, or Regnenses were a tribe based largely on Sussex and which occupied modern West Sussex, East Sussex, south-west Kent, eastern Surrey, and the eastern edges of Hampshire. Their tribal centre was at Noviomagus Reginorum (Chichester in West Sussex), close to Trisantona Fluvius (the River Arun) which joined the English Channel at Littlehampton, a little way to the east of Noviomagus Reginorum. The tribe was bordered to the west by the Belgae, to the north by the Atrebates, and to the east by the Cantiaci, while much of their northern border was filled by the vast and near-impenetrable Weald Forest. Nevertheless, they were thinly scattered on either side of the Weald, and there were safe paths through the forest.

The Regni were probably one of the most Romanised of British tribes. They had established trading links with Rome, including a Roman trading post dating and limited Roman presence before the Roman invasion of AD 43. The Romans' extensive use of Chichester Harbour in the territory of the Regni shortly after AD 43 suggests that that the Regni's pro-Roman links provided the Romans with a route to supply the Roman legions campaigning in the south-west of Britain.

The people of King Cogidubnus
Before the Roman conquest, their land and capital appear to have been part of the territory of the Atrebates, possibly as part of a confederation of tribes. It has been suggested that, after the first phase of the conquest, the Romans maintained the Atrebates as a nominally independent client kingdom, acting as a buffer between the Roman province in the east and the unconquered tribes to the west. The ruler of the kingdom was Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus or Cogidumnus: Tacitus says "" ('certain  were given to King Cogidumnus') and remarks on his loyalty. A first century inscription found in Chichester supplies his Latin names, indicating he was given Roman citizenship by Claudius or Nero. Cogidubnus may have been a relative of Verica, the Atrebatian king whose overthrow was the excuse for the conquest. After Cogidubnus's death, the kingdom would have been incorporated into the directly ruled Roman province and divided into several , including the Atrebates, Belgae, and Regni.

Controversies
The name of this people is not entirely certain.  Ptolemy refers to the , in Latin Regni, whose only city was , Noiomagus.  This appears to be the same place as Navimago Regentium or Noviomagus Regionorum, from which Regnenses, occurring in some modern sources, appears to be derived.  The location is generally supposed to be Chichester.  The Antonine Itinerary refers to a place called Regno at the end of Roman Road 7, perhaps referring to a site along the coast of the Solent.  Some scholars reject Regnenses in favour of Ptolemy's Regni or a Brythonic name Regini.

Likewise, the theory that Cogidubnus was created , a rank only ever given to senators, is based on reconstructing the damaged Chichester inscription to read as Cogidubni regis legati Augusti in Britannia ('king and imperial legate in Britain'). It more probably reads Cogidubni regis magni Britanniae ('great king of Britain').

References

Bibliography

Celtic Britons
Roman buffer states
Historical Celtic peoples
Roman client kingdoms in Britain

Regni


Rødhovedet væver () er en fugleart, der lever i subsaharisk Afrika.

Noter
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Afrikas fugle
Spurvefugle

Rødhovedet væver


Alex Kurtagić ist ein im Vereinigten Königreich lebender, der Neuen Rechten zugehöriger Schriftsteller, Musiker, Kolumnist, Herausgeber, Aktivist und Direktor des Plattenlabels Supernal Music.

Leben
Alex Kurtagić ist slowenischer und spanischer Abstammung. Er verbrachte Teile seiner Kindheit und Jugend in Lateinamerika, die dortigen Erfahrungen hatten dem neurechten Journalisten Martin Lichtmesz zufolge Einfluss auf seinen späteren Roman Mister.

Wirken in der Metal-Szene
1995 gründete Kurtagić die Band Benighted Leams, die seitdem vier Alben herausgebracht hat. Er gibt unter anderem Possessed, Darkthrone, Voivod und Celtic Frost, aber auch Komponisten wie Arnold Schönberg, als Einfluss an. Die Texte dieses Projektes sind in anspruchsvollem, altmodisch anmutenden Englisch gehalten und behandeln überwiegend esoterische Themen. Zudem war Kurtagić Ko-Komponist – zusammen mit Aphazel – des Stücks At the Infernal Portal (Canto III) für das 1996 veröffentlichte Album The Cainian Chronicle der Band Ancient und Koautor der Texte des Albums Ark of Thought (1997) der Band Deinonychus. Er gestaltete zudem das Cover für das zweite Album (Stormblåst) der Gruppe Dimmu Borgir.

1996 gründete er das Label Supernal Music, welches seitdem unter anderem Musik der Gruppen Astrofaes und Drudkh aus der Ukraine, Fall of the Grey-Winged One aus Belgien, Fleurety und Mayhem aus Norwegen und The Meads of Asphodel aus Großbritannien herausgebracht hat.

In den 1990ern gestaltete Kurtagić die Cover für Alben von einer Reihe von Künstlern aus dem Black-Metal-Umfeld, darunter Dimmu Borgir, Mayhem, Tormentor, Deinonychus, Ancient und anderen. Seine künstlerische Cover-Arbeit wird in dem Buch Heavy Metal Thunder: Album Covers that Rocked the World besprochen. In jüngerer Zeit wurden neue Ausgaben von Büchern von Madison Grant, Lothrop Stoddard und Francis Parker Yockey mit Coverbildern von Kurtagić veröffentlicht.

Schriftsteller
Seit den späten 2000ern hat Kurtagić regelmäßig Beiträge für rechte Publikationen, darunter Taki's Magazine, Occidental Quarterly, Occidental Observer, Vdare, American Renaissance und Alternative Right verfasst. 2011 wurde im deutschen Unitall-Verlag unter dem Titel Ja, Afrika muss zur Hölle gehen eine Sammlung seiner Essays veröffentlicht. Eine weitere deutschsprachige Aufsatzsammlung erschien 2013 unter dem Titel Warum Konservative immer verlieren im Verlag Antaios. Im Dezember 2016 veröffentlichte der Arnshaugk-Verlag Kurtagićs Roman Mister von 2009 in deutscher Übersetzung.

Diskographie

Benighted Leams
 Caliginous Romantic Myth (1996)
 Astral Tenebrion (1998)
 Ferly Centesms (2004)
 Obombrid Welkins (2006)

Bibliographie
 Mister. Iron Sky Publishing, London 2009, ISBN 978-0-9561835-0-7.
 Mister. Deutsch von Christine Mey. Arnshaugk, Neustadt an der Orla 2016, ISBN 978-3-944064-73-4.
 Ja, Afrika muss zur Hölle gehen. Unitall-Verlag, Mühlhausen-Ehingen 2011, ISBN 978-3-905937-43-5.
 Warum Konservative immer verlieren. Edition Antaios, Schnellroda 2013, ISBN 978-3-944422-35-0.

Weblinks

 Kurtagićs private Webseite
 2005 Interview mit Benighted Leams

Einzelnachweise

Autor
Multiinstrumentalist (Metal)
Brite
Person (Neue Rechte)
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Mann

Alex Kurtagić


Drebbel ist ein Einschlagkrater am westlichen Rand der Mondvorderseite, südwestlich des Mare Humorum, nordöstlich der großen Wallebene Schickard.
Der Kraterrand ist unregelmäßig geformt und nur wenig erodiert mit Spuren ausgedehnter Rutschungen. Das Innere ist weitgehend eben.

Der Krater wurde 1935 von der IAU nach dem niederländischen Physiker und Erfinder Cornelis Jacobszoon Drebbel offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Drebbel auf The-Moon Wiki

Einzelnachweise

Einschlagkrater (Mond)

Drebbel (Mondkrater)


Die Mount Whaleback Mine (deutsch: Walrückenberg-Mine) ist ein Eisenerz-Bergwerk in der Pilbara-Region von Western Australia, 6 Kilometer westlich von Newman.

Eigentümer

Hauptanteilseigner der Bergwerksgesellschaft mit 85 % ist die BHP Billiton, die weitere sieben Bergwerke in der Pilbara-Region betreibt. BHP Billiton betreibt auch zwei Verschiffungsanlagen für Eisenerz am Port Hedland, Nelson Point und auf Finucane Island und über 1.000 Kilometer Eisenbahnlinien zum Erztransport.

BHP Billiton ist der zweitgrößte Eisenerz-Bergwerksbetreiber in der Pilbara, nach Rio Tinto, während Fortescue Metals Group den dritten Platz belegt. 2010 beschäftigte BHP 8.000 Personen in der Eisenerzproduktion der Region.

Geschichte

Die Eisenerz-Lagerstätte am Mount Whaleback wurde 1957 von Stan Hilditch entdeckt, allerdings erst 1960 publiziert, als die australische Regierung das 1938 verhängte Embargo aufhob. Die erste Eisenerz-Mine, die den Betrieb aufnahm, war die Goldsworthy Mine im Jahr 1965. Das produzierte Eisenerz wurde mit der Goldsworthy Railway zu den Hafenanlagen auf Finucane Island transportiert und auf Schiffe verladen. Am 1. Juni 1966 verließ die erste Schiffsladung mit australischem Eisenerz an Bord der Harvey S. Mudd diesen Hafen.

BHPs Aktivitäten in Newman gehen auf das Jahr 1968 zurück als die Mount Whaleback Mine ihren Abbau aufnahm. Diese Mine ist der größte offene Tagebau der Welt, in dem Eisenerz abgebaut wird. Entwickelt wurde dieses Verfahren von der US-Firma Bechtel Pacific. Der Bergbau ist 1,5 Kilometer breit und mehr als fünf Kilometer lang mit einer Abbautiefe von 500 Metern. In der Nähe der Mine wurden die neue Stadt Newman gebaut und 426 Kilometer Eisenbahnschienen verlegt, die das Eisenbahnunternehmen Mount Newman Railway betreibt. Der erste beladene Zug verließ am 1. Januar 1969 Newman und das erste mit Eisenerz aus diesem Bergwerk beladene Schiff war die Osumi Maru, die am 1. April 1969 ablegte. Newman blieb bis 1981 eine "geschlossene" Stadt der Bergbaugesellschaft, seither steht sie unter der Verwaltung des East Pilbara Shire.

Bergwerksbetrieb

Erz aus der Mine wird mit der Eisenbahn von zwei privaten Unternehmen nach Port Hedland transportiert. Die Mount Newman Railway transportiert Eisenerz vom Mount Whaleback und den Eisenerz-Körpern der Orebodies 18, 23 und 25 Mine, Jimblebar Mine, Yandi mine and Area C Mine. Die Yarrie Mine wird von der separaten, kürzeren Goldsworthy Railway bedient.

Erz vom Mount Whaleback und anderen Minen bei Newman wie auch von der Yandi Mine wird zum Nelson Point transportiert und Erz der Area C Mine und Yarrie Mine nach Finucane Island. Dabei fahren die Züge durch einen 1,16 Kilometer langen Tunnel zum Hafen auf Finucane Island. Eine Schiffsbeladung erfordert eine durchschnittliche Dauer von 30 Stunden und 800 Schiffe können jährlich beladen werden.

Das Bergwerk kann in einer 1,5 Stunden dauernden geführten Besichtigung begangen werden.

Siehe auch
 Eisenerzbergbau in Western Australia

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 BHP Billiton-Website
 MINEDEX-Website Database des Department of Mines and Petroleum

Eisenerzbergwerk in Australien
Geographie (Western Australia)
BHP Group
Bergwerk in Australien und Ozeanien

Mount Whaleback Mine


Hydnora, holoparazitni biljni rod iz porodice Aristolochiaceae, dio potporodice Hydnoroideae.

Odlikuje se često masivnim korijenskim sustavom koji se širi bočno od biljke domaćina. Cvjetovi krupni, pojedinačni, 3–5-dijelni, mesnati, dvospolni ili jednospolni.

Postoji 6 vrsta u Africi, Madagaskaru i Arapskom poluotoku.

Vrste
 Hydnora abyssinica A.Br.
 Hydnora africana Thunb.
 Hydnora esculenta Jum. & H.Perrier
 Hydnora sinandevu Beentje & Q.Luke
 Hydnora triceps Drège & E.Mey.
 Hydnora visseri Bolin, E.Maass & Musselman

Izvori

Kopitnjakovke

Hydnora


Chassalia northiana est une espèce de plantes dicotylédones de la famille des Rubiaceae, originaire de Bornéo. L'épithète spécifique, northiana, est un hommage à Marianne North.

C'est l'une des 14 nouvelles espèces, toutes endémiques de Bornéo, décrites en 2021 par Tian Yi Yu et al., dans le cadre d'une révision du genre Chassalia à Bornéo.
Cette étude est basée principalement sur les spécimens d'herbier,  présents dans l'herbier des Jardins botaniques royaux de Kew, y compris les prêts du Jardin botanique de Singapour et de l'. Elle fait aussi appel à l'étude d'images numériques de spécimens provenant principalement de l'Herbarium Bogoriense et de l'herbier national des Pays-Bas.

Cette espèce figure sur une peinture à l'huile datant de 1876, signée d'une artiste britannique, Marianne North. Intitulée « Curious Plants from the Forest of Matang, Sarawak, Borneo », cette œuvre est conservée dans la galerie Marianne North des jardins botaniques royaux de Kew. Elle porte le numéro 624 parmi les 800 peintures de cette artiste présentes dans cette galerie.

Cependant, le premier spécimen d'herbier, nécessaire pour caractériser l'espèce, n'a été collecté qu'en 1973 par Ilias Paie.

Description

Chassalia northiana est une plante herbacée ou un arbuste pouvant atteindre 1 à 2 mètres de haut, à tiges cylindriques glabres.

Les feuilles, opposées décussées, portées par un pétiole de 1 à 6 cm de long, ont un limbe oboval à elliptique, de  12 à 27 cm de long sur  4 à 9 cm de large, à l'apex acuminé et à la base tronquée. La nervure médiane est légèrement en relief sur les deux faces, adaxiale et abaxiale. On compte de 8 à 14 nervures secondaires de part et d'autre de  la nervure médiane.

L'inflorescence est une cyme composée, terminale, de 6 à 14 cm de long au total.
Les fleurs,  sessiles, de 15 à 18 mm de long, présentent une corolle soudée formant un tube de 3,5 à 4 mm de large à son ouverture, prolongé de lobes d'environ 5 sur 3 mm.
Les étamines sont insérées à l'intérieur du tube de la corolle, à 1 mm de son embouchure. Le stigmate est bilobé.
Le calice est également soudé en un tube portant 5 lobes.

Le fruit, noir ou brun foncé lorsqu'il est sec, est bleu à maturité, ellipsoïde à rond, de 7 mm de long sur 6 mm de diamètre, avec le calice persistant, non accrescent.
Les graines, brun clair, semi-ellipsoïdes, de 5 sur 6 mm, présentent une crête longitudinale sur la ligne médiane de la surface dorsale.

Notes et références

Rubiaceae

Espèce d'Angiospermes (nom scientifique)

Flore endémique de Bornéo

Chassalia northiana


Rochdale Association Football Club er en professionel fodboldklub baseret i byen Rochdale, Greater Manchester, England. Klubben konkurrerer i øjeblikket i League One, det tredjehøjeste niveau i det engelske fodboldligasystem. Klubben har kælenavnet "Dale", og blev grundlagt i 1907. Den flyttede til sit nuværende stadion, Spotland Stadium, i 1920 og blev inkluderet i Football League i 1921. Siden da har klubben været i den tredje- og fjerdebedste række i engelsk fodbold.

Rochdale største præstation var at nå til League Cup-finalen i 1961-62, hvor de tabte til Norwich City. Klubben tiltrækker en lille, men loyal fanbase, med en hardcore følgeskare på omkring 3.000 hjemmebanefans i gennemsnit pr. kamp.

Historie
Rochdale spillede 36 på hinanden følgende sæsoner i Football Leagues nederste række fra 1974 til 2010 - det længste et hold har været i bunden af Football League, hvorfor nogle endda kalder det "Rochdale Division". Klubben har den laveste gennemsnitlige placering for alle klubberne, der kontinuerligt har været i Football League siden udvidelsen til fire divisioner i 1921-22 (76.) og siden udvidelsen til 92 klubber i 1950-51 (79.). Derudover har klubben ære af at have spillet fleste sæsoner i den engelske Football League uden at nå de to øverste niveauer (91 sæsoner fra 2018-19) eller rykke ned i National League.

Klubben nåede League Cup-finalen i 1962. Dette var første gang en klub fra den lavest division havde nået finalen i en stor turnering - de tabte dog til Norwich City.

I løbet af sin historie har klubben haft tre oprykninger og tre nedrykninger, med oprykning i 1969 og 2010 og 2014 og nedrykning i 1959, 1974 og 2012. Nedrykningen i 1959 efterfulgte omstruktureringen i 1958, hvor de to tredje divisioner blev lavet om til tredje division og fjerde division. I omstruktureringen formåede Rochdale at sikre en plads i den tredje division, men rykkede ned i slutningen af sæsonen til den nu laveste fjerde division.

Spillere

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Lancashire League
Lancashire Combination
Fodboldklubber i England
Etableret i 1907
Pages with unreviewed translations

Rochdale A.F.C.


Helen Louise Gardner (2 de setembro de 1884 - 20 de novembro de 1968) foi uma atriz de teatro e cinema americana, roteirista, produtora de cinema e figurinista.

Carreira

Gardner nasceu em Binghamton, Nova York. Uma aluna da Academia Americana de Artes Dramáticas, Gardner começou sua carreira como atriz de teatro. Ela se tornou uma jogadora do Vitagraph Studios em 1910 e foi aclamada pela crítica por interpretar Becky Sharp na versão cinematográfica do romance Vanity Fair. Em 1912, ela se tornou o primeiro ator de cinema, homem ou mulher, a formar sua própria produtora, The Helen Gardner Picture Players. A empresa foi estabelecida em Tappan, Nova Yorkcom capital fornecido pela mãe de Gardner. Gardner contratou seu amante Charles L. Gaskill como diretor e cenógrafo. Conhecida por interpretar personagens femininas fortes, a primeira produção de Gardner foi Cleopatra (1912), um dos primeiros longas-metragens americanos. O filme foi reeditado e relançado depois que a Fox lançou a adaptação de 1917 estrelada por Theda Bara. Gardner é considerada a primeira Vamp (Mulher Fatal) da tela, antecedendo Theda Bara, Valeska Suratt e Louise Glaum. Gardner produziu onze longas-metragens antes de fechar seu estúdio em 1914.

Em 1915, ela retornou brevemente à Vitagraph antes de assinar com a Universal. A essa altura, sua popularidade começou a diminuir e ela se aposentou da atuação em 1924.

Vida pessoal
Antes de Gardner embarcar na carreira de atriz, ela se casou com o empresário socialmente proeminente Duncan Clarkson Pell, Sr., em 16 de outubro de 1902, em West Haven, Connecticut. O casamento ocorreu logo após o aniversário de 18 anos de Gardner e uma semana após o divórcio de Pell de sua primeira esposa, Anna. O divórcio de Duncan e Anna Pell foi coberto nas colunas de fofocas do The New York Times. O casal teve um filho em 1904.  Gardner deixou Pell em 1906 para continuar sua carreira de atriz, mas eles nunca se divorciaram. Eles permaneceram casados até a morte de Pell em 1964.

Algumas fontes afirmam que Gardner se casou pela segunda vez com Charles Gaskill, diretor de muitos de seus filmes. A neta e biógrafa de Gardner, Dorin Gardner Schumacher, afirma que isso é incorreto e que Gardner nunca se divorciou de Duncan C. Pell, Sr.

Anos posteriores e morte
Na década de 1950, Gardner retornou a Orlando, Flórida, onde já havia morado com seu ex-marido. Gardner morreu em Orlando em 20 de novembro de 1968, aos 84 anos.

Filmografia selecionada

Ligações externas

 Helen Gardner at Women Film Pioneers Project
 Helengardner.org

Atrizes dos Estados Unidos
Escritoras dos Estados Unidos
Roteiristas dos Estados Unidos

Helen Gardner


La  est l'une des treize circonscriptions législatives que compte la préfecture de Chiba au Japon. Cette circonscription comptait  électeurs en date du .

Description géographique

La dixième circonscription de la préfecture de Chiba regroupe les villes de Chōshi, Narita, Asahi, Sōsa et Katori, le district de Katori et une partie du district de Sanbu.

Députés

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Chambre des représentants du Japon

Circonscription législative au Japon

Dixième circonscription de la préfecture de Chiba


Halomonas titanicae es una especie de bacteria gramnegativa que fue descubierta en los restos del Titanic en 2010.

Descubrimiento
Sus descubridores fueron los investigadores Henrietta Mann y Bhavleen Kaur, de la Universidad de Dalhousie (Halifax, Canadá) y Cristina Sánchez-Porro y Antonio Ventosa, de la Universidad de Sevilla (Andalucía, España).

Accionar de la bacteria
Se sospecha que esta bacteria sea una amenaza para el casco de los barcos y para las estructuras metálicas submarinas tales como las plataformas petrolíferas. El microorganismo se adhiere fácilmente a superficies de acero, creando salientes de herrumbre. Se cree que trabaja en conjunto con otros organismos para acelerar la corrosión.

Referencias

Gammaproteobacteria
RMS Titanic

Halomonas titanicae


Jorge Castañeda Gutman (born May 24, 1953) is a Mexican politician and academic who served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs (2000–2003).

He also authored more than a dozen books, including  a biography of Che Guevara, and he regularly contributes to newspapers such as Reforma (Mexico), El País (Spain), Los Angeles Times (USA) and Newsweek magazine. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2008.

Early life and education
Castañeda was born in Mexico City.  His father was Jorge Castañeda y Álvarez de la Rosa who served as Secretary of Foreign Affairs (1979–1982), during the administration of José López Portillo.

He received the French Baccalauréat from the Lycée Franco-Mexicain in Mexico City. He graduated with an AB in history from Princeton University in 1973 after completing a 241-page long senior thesis titled "The Movement of the Revolutionary Left in Chile: 1965-1972." Then after receiving his PhD in Economic History from the University of Paris (Panthéon-La Sorbonne) he worked as a professor at several universities, including the National Autonomous University of Mexico, the University of California, Berkeley, Princeton University, New York University, and the University of Cambridge. He was a Bernard Schwartz fellow at The New America Foundation.

He was married to Miriam Morales (a Chilean citizen) and he has one son, Jorge Andrés.

Academic books
Among his books is Utopia Unarmed: The Latin American Left After the Cold War (Vintage Books, 1993), an assessment of leftist politics in Latin America. The book has had a wide readership for its sometimes controversial overview of left-leaning politics in the region post-1990. Its main theme is a shift from politics based on the Cuban Revolution to politics based on broad-based new social movements, from armed revolutions to elections.

Another of Castañeda's well-known works is Compañero: The Life and Death of Che Guevara, which analyzes the Argentine Marxist revolutionary.

Political career
Castañeda's political career began as a member of the Mexican Communist Party but he has since  moved to the political center. He served as an advisor to Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas during his (failed) presidential campaign in 1988 and advised Vicente Fox during his (successful) presidential campaign in 2000.

After winning the election, Fox appointed Castañeda as his Secretary of Foreign Affairs.

Following a number of disagreements with other cabinet members Castañeda left the post in January 2003 and began traveling around the country, giving lectures and promoting his ideas. In July 2003, United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan appointed him to the United Nations Commission on the Private Sector and Development, which was co-chaired by Prime Minister Paul Martin of Canada and former President Ernesto Zedillo of Mexico.

Presidential candidacy
On March 25, 2004, Castañeda officially announced his presidential campaign by means of a prime-time campaign advertisement carried in all major Mexican television stations. He presented himself as an independent "citizens' candidate", a move contrary to Mexico's electoral law that gives registered parties alone the right to nominate candidates for election.

In 2004, Castañeda started to seek Court authorization to run in the country's 2006 presidential election without the endorsement of any of the registered political parties. In August 2005 the Supreme Court ruled against Castañeda's appeal.  The ruling essentially put an end to Castañeda's bid to run as an independent candidate; however, soon after this ruling he took his case to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in order to defend his political rights; in 2008 the IACHR found that the State violated the American Convention on Human Rights and ordered major electoral reform in the country.

Later career
In 2014, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appointed Castañeda as co-chair of a commission of inquiry to investigate human rights abuses in the Central African Republic, alongside Fatimata M'Baye and Bernard Acho Muna; within two months, however, Castañeda resigned from the position.

Articles
He has published articles in Newsweek and writes regularly for Project Syndicate.

In a Newsweek article published in March 2009, he suggested that Hugo Chávez was plotting a coup in Cuba due to concerns that Raul Castro would make concessions that would betray the Cuban Revolution. According to his thesis, Hugo Chávez asked Leonel Fernández of the Dominican Republic to support the plot, but he declined. Castañeda's statements were met with scepticism from politicians and scholars. He has admitted that he has no proof, calling his thesis "informed speculation".

Bibliography
 Nicaragua: Contradicciones en la Revolución (1980)
 Los últimos capitalismos. El capital financiero: México y los "nuevos países industrializados" (1982)
 México: El futuro en juego (1987)
 Limits on friendship: United States and Mexico (1989), co-authored with Robert A. Pastor
 La casa por la ventana (1993)
 The Mexican Shock (1995)
 Utopia unarmed (1995)
 The Estados Unidos Affair. Cinco ensayos sobre un "amor" oblicuo (1996)
 La vida en Rojo, una biografía del Ché Guevara (1997)
 La Herencia. Arqueología de la sucesión presidencial en México (1999)
 Somos Muchos: Ideas para el Mañana (2004)
 Ex Mex (2008)
 Mañana Forever?: Mexico and the Mexicans (2011)
 America through Foreign Eyes (2020)

See also
 2006 Mexican general election

References

External links

 NYU: Voices of Latin American Leaders
 Profile  at The New America Foundation
 The Right Deal on Cuba by Jorge Castañeda, The Wall Street Journal, April 20, 2009
 How Fidel Snookered Everyone by Jorge Castañeda, Newsweek, May 4, 2009 issue
 Adios, Monroe Doctrine: When the Yanquis Go Home by Jorge G. Castañeda, The New Republic, December 28, 2009
 Video: Does Che Guevara Still Matter? interview with biographer Jorge Castañeda
 Castañeda on the Drug War, Legalization, Immigration and Free Trade - video interview by Democracy Now!

1953 births
Living people
Jewish Mexican politicians
Latin Americanists
Mexican democracy activists
Mexican diplomats
Mexican economists
Mexican Secretaries of Foreign Affairs
Mexican people of Belarusian-Jewish descent
Academic staff of the National Autonomous University of Mexico
New York University faculty
Politicians from Mexico City
University of Paris alumni
Princeton University alumni
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Mexican columnists
International relations scholars
Mexican expatriates in the United States
Mexican expatriates in France

Jorge Castañeda Gutman