UEFA Europska liga 2021./22. bila je 51. sezona drugoga nogometnog natjecanja u Europi, Europske lige i 13. sezona od kad je ime Kup UEFA promijenjeno u UEFA Europska liga.

Eintracht Frankfurt pobijedio je škotski klub Rangers u finalu odigranom na Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuánu u Sevilli.

Zemlje sudionice
Za ovu sezonu UEFA Europske lige, nogometnim savezima se dodjeljuje rang skladu s njihovim UEFA koeficijentom 2020. godine za koji se uzima u obzir učinak njihovih klubova u europskim natjecanjima od 2015./16. do 2019./20.

Momčadi
Legenda
 OK: Osvajači kupa
 4., 5. itd.: Plasman u prošloj sezoni domaćeg prvenstva
 LP: Ispali iz grupne faze Lige prvaka
 GF: Trećeplasirane momčadi u grupi Lige prvaka
 PP/PN DO: Gubitnici doigravanja Lige prvaka
 PP/PN TKK: Gubitnici trećeg kvalifikacijskog kola Lige prvaka
 PP/PN DKK: Gubitnici drugog kvalifikacijskog kola Lige prvaka
Treće kvalifikacijsko kolo ove sezone Europske lige podijeljeno je na dva dijela: Put prvaka (PP) i Put neprvaka (PN)

Kvalifikacije

Treće kvalifikacijsko kolo
Ždrijeb za treće kvalifikacijsko kolo održan je 19. srpnja 2021. u 12:00 po CEST-u. Prve utakmice odigrane su 3. i 5. kolovoza, a uzvratne 10. i 12. kolovoza 2021.

Pobjednici utakmica igraju doigravanje za plasman u grupnu fazu UEFA Europske lige 2021./22., dok gubitnici igraju doigravanje za plasman u grupnu fazu UEFA Europsku konferencijsku ligu 2021./22.

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Doigravanje
Ždrijeb za doigravanje održan je 2. kolovoza 2021. u 13:00 po CEST-u. Prve utakmice odigrane su 17., 18. i 19. kolovoza 2021., a uzvratne 26. kolovoza.

Pobjednici utakmica ostvaruju plasman u grupnu fazu UEFA Europske lige 2021./22., dok gubitnici ostvaruju plasman u grupnu fazu UEFA Europsku konferencijsku ligu 2021./22.

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Grupna faza
Ždrijeb za grupnu fazu održan je u Carigradu 27. kolovoza 2021. u 12:00 po CEST-u. 32 momčadi podijeljene su u osam grupa po četiri momčadi. Momčadi iz istog nogometnog saveza ne mogu nastupati u istoj grupi.

Prvoplasirani svake grupe igraju osminu finala, drugoplasirani igraju doigravanje za završni dio UEFA Europske lige, trećeplasirani igraju doigravanje za završni dio UEFA Europska konferencijska liga 2021./22., a četvrtoplasirani ispadaju iz svih europskih natjecanja.

Brøndby i West Ham United prvi put igraju grupnu fazu UEFA Europske lige.

Grupa A

Grupa B

Grupa C

Grupa D

Grupa E

Grupa F

Grupa G

Grupa H

Drugi dio natjecanja

Doigravanje za završni dio
Ždrijeb za doigravanje za završni dio održan je 13. prosinca 2021. u 13:00 po CET-u. Prve utakmice odigrane su 17. veljače, a uzvratne 24. veljače 2022.

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Osmina finala
Ždrijeb za osminu finala održat će se 25. veljače 2022. u 13:00 po CET-u. Prve utakmice odigrane su 9. i 10. ožujka, a uzvratne 17. ožujka 2022.

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Bilješke

Četvrtfinale
Ždrijeb za osminu finala održat će se 18. ožujka 2022. u 13:30 po CET-u. Prve utakmice igrane su 7. travnja, a uzvratne 14. travnja 2022.

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Polufinale
Ždrijeb za osminu finala održan je 18. ožujka 2022. u 13:30 po CET-u, nakon ždrijeba za četvrtfinale. Prve utakmice igrane su 28. travnja, a uzvratne 5. svibnja 2022.

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Finale

Finale je odigrano 18. svibnja 2022. na stadionu Estadio Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán u Sevilli. Ždrijeb za određivanje momčadi koja će biti "domaćin" iz administrativnih razloga, održan je 18. ožujka 2022., nakon ždrijeba za četvrtfinale i polufinale.

Statistike
Statistike ne uključuju kvalifikacijska kola i doigravanja.

Strijelci

Asistenti

Momčad natjecanja
UEFA je imenovala sljedeće igrače članovima momčadi natjecanja.

Igrač sezone
  Filip Kostić (Eintracht Frankfurt)

Mladi igrač sezone
  Ansgar Knauff (Eintracht Frankfurt)

Bilješke
  Brøndby je igrao grupnu fazu Kupa UEFA.

Izvori

Vidi još
 UEFA Liga prvaka 2021./22.
 UEFA Europska konferencijska liga 2021./22.
 UEFA Superkup 2022.

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena web-stranica

Sezone UEFA Europske lige

UEFA Europska liga 2021./22.


Bülent Akarcalı (17 Kasım 1943, İzmir), Türk siyasetçi.

Hayatı
Saint Joseph Fransız Lisesi ve Brüksel Üniversitesi Ekonomi Bilimleri Fakültesi mezunudur, aynı fakültede İktisadi Analiz ve İktisadi Politika alanında yüksek lisans yapmış, daha sonra aynı üniversite bünyesinde araştırmacı uzman olarak görev almıştır. Türkiye'ye dönüşünde dış ticaret ve müteahhitlik hizmetleri ve sigortacılık yapmıştır. Sonradan Eti Bisküvi ve İMTAŞ Sigorta genel müdürü olmuştur. Türkiye Demokrasi Vakfı kurucusu ve başkanı, İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi kurucusu ve yöneticisidir. Siyasi hayatında 17., 18., 19., 20. ve 21. Dönem'de ANAP İstanbul Milletvekilliği ile Sağlık ve Sosyal Yardım Bakanlığı ve Turizm Bakanlığı yapmıştır. Evli, iki çocukludur, çok iyi düzeyde Fransızca ve İngilizce bilmektedir.

Kapalı mekanlarda sigara içme yasağı Bülent Akarcalı'nın çabalarıyla kanunlaştırılmıştır.

Kaynakça

1943 doğumlular
Saint Joseph Fransız Lisesinde öğrenim görenler
TBMM 17. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 18. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 19. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 20. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 21. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanları
Avrupa Konseyi Parlamenter Meclisi Türk Grubu
TBMM Dışişleri Komisyonu
TBMM İnsan Haklarını İnceleme Komisyonu
TBMM Adalet Komisyonu
TBMM Anayasa Komisyonu
TBMM Millî Eğitim, Kültür, Gençlik ve Spor Komisyonu
Anavatan Partisi mensubu siyasetçiler
Resim aranan siyasetçiler
Yaşayan insanlar
İzmir doğumlu siyasetçiler

Bülent Akarcalı


Phillipsburg Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:

 Phillipsburg Township (Kansas)
 Phillipsburg Township (Missouri)

Phillipsburg Township


O Gubernia de Kharkov (russo: Ха́рьковъская губе́рнія, tr.: Khárkovskaya gubérniya; ucraniano: Харківська губернія, romanizado: Kharkivska huberniia) foi um gubernia do Império Russo fundado em 1835. Abrangia a região histórica de Sloboda Ucrânia. De 1765 a 1780 e de 1796 a 1835, o gubernia foi chamado de Gubernia de Sloboda Ucrânia. Em 1780-1796 existiu o Vice-Reino de Kharkov.

História
De 1765 a 1780, existiu o Gubernia de Sloboda Ucrânia. Em 1780, o Vice-Reino de Kharkov foi estabelecido e durou até 1796. Em 1835, o vice-reino foi novamente reorganizado em Gubernia de Sloboda Ucrânia, e a partir de 1835, foi formado Gubernia de Kharkov, que existiu até 1925. Com cada reorganização, os limites e a estrutura administrativa mudavam significativamente. A principal implementação fiscal estatal, processamento e publicação de informações estatísticas para o Gubernia de Kharkov foi o Comitê Estatístico do Gubernia de Kharkov.

Referências

Império Russo
Subdivisões do Império Russo
Províncias do Império Russo
História da Rússia
História da Ucrânia

Gubernia de Carcóvia


"Time" er en sang fremført af den ukrainske gruppe O.Torvald som deltog i Eurovision Song Contest 2017. Sangen opnåede en 24. plads.

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

Singler fra 2017
Sange fra Eurovision Song Contest 2017
Eurovision Song Contest-sange fra Ukraine

Time (O.Torvald sang)


Hidrokarbon, sadece karbon ve hidrojen atomlarından oluşan kimyasal bileşiklerin genel adı.

Hidrokarbonlar çok çeşitlidir ve birçok üyesi endüstriyel bakımdan önemlidir. Örneğin metan doğal gazın temel maddesidir. Benzin, hidrokarbonlar karışımı olduğu gibi benzen, naftalin ve asetilen de birer hidrokarbondur. Organik bileşiklerin birçok sınıfının sistematik olarak adlandırılmasında hidrokarbonların adlandırılması esas olması nedeniyle hidrokarbonlar teorik bakımdan da önemlidir.

Hidrokarbon tipleri

Hidrokarbonlar yapılarına bağlı olarak alifatik, aromatik ve alisiklik  bileşikler olarak sınıflandırılır. Alifatik ve alisiklik bileşikler de doymuş ve doymamış olarak sınıfandırılır. Doymuş hidrokarbon, mümkün olan en çok hidrojen ihtiva eder ve karbonlar birbirlerine bir elektron çiftinin meydana getirdiği tek elektron bağı ile bağlıdırlar. Doymamış hidrokarbonlarda ise karbonlar birbirlerine çift veya üç bağ ile bağlanmışlardır. Alifatik hidrokarbonlar, hidrojen atomlarının bağlı olduğu düz veya dallanmış karbon zincirlerinden meydana gelmiştir.

Doymuş alifatik hidrokarbonlar
Bunlara alkanlar veya parafinler de denir. Genel formülü CnH2n+2'dir (n: karbon sayısı). Alkanlar bir homolog seri meydana getirir ki bu seride birbirini takip eden bileşikler arasında (CH2) kadar fark vardır. Bu fark nedeniyle homolog (aynı) seri oluştururlar. Bileşikler birbirine yakın benzerlik gösterir.

Karbon sayısı birden ona kadar olan alkanlar: metan, etan, propan, bütan, pentan, hekzan, heptan, oktan, nonan ve dekan şeklinde adlandırılır. Dört karbonlu hidrokarbonlardan itibaren izomeri görülür.

Alkanlar doymuş olduklarından sadece yer değiştirmesi tepkimesi verir ve yanıcıdır. Genel yanma tepkimeleri:

CnH2n+2+3n+1/2 O2>nCO2+(n+1)H2O +enerji

Bu olay aynı zamanda alkanların yükseltgenmesi manasına da gelir.

Doymamış hidrokarbonlar

Alkenler

Bu sınıfa olefinler sınıfı da denir. Bu sınıfta en az iki karbon arasında çift bağ vardır. Çift bağın hangi karbonlar arasında olduğunu belirtmek için rakam kullanılır. Bu rakam çift bağın bağlı olduğu karbonlardan ilkine aittir. SP2 hibritleşmesi yaparlar. Birbirini takip eden iki alkan molekülü arasında CH2kadar fark vardır. Homolog seri oluştururlar.

Alkenler oldukça aktiftir. Doymamış karbonlara hidrojen, halojen ve diğer bazı bileşikler katılır. Genel formülleri CnH2n'dir.

Alkinler
Doymamış diğer hidrokarbon grubudur. Karbonlardan bir çiftinin arasında üç bağ vardır. Karbon sayısının Latincesinin sonuna İN eki getirilerek adlandırılır:

Alkinler kimyasal olarak alkenlere göre çok daha aktiftir. Genel formülü CnH2n-2'dir.

Aromatik hidrokarbonlar

Aromatik hidrokarbonlar bir veya daha çok benzen halkası ihtiva ederler.

Benzen halkasına çeşitli grupların girdirilmesi ile çeşitli bileşikler elde edilir. Toluen, ksilen, naftalin gibi misaller vermek mümkündür.

Hidrokarbon


Juan José Zorrilla Camps (Rivera,1 de noviembre de 1920 - Montevideo, 5 de enero de 2012) fue un militar naval, embajador ante la Santa Sede y político uruguayo, perteneciente al Partido Colorado. Reconocido por ser el Comandante en Jefe de la Armada Nacional que dio la orden, el 9 de febrero de 1973, de bloquear la Ciudad Vieja para defender a las instituciones tras el anuncio de los jefes del Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea que no acatarían la decisión del Presidente de la República de aquel entonces, Juan María Bordaberry, de sustituir al Ministro de Defensa Nacional, Armando Malet, por el general retirado Antonio Francese. Hecho que sería un antecedente al Golpe de Estado de ese mismo año.

Biografía
Zorrilla nació el 1º de noviembre de 1920 en Rivera, Uruguay. Allí mismo fue a la escuela pública y al liceo departamental, inaugurado poco antes por la ley de los liceos departamentales de José Batlle y Ordóñez.

Con 18 años recién cumplidos, se incorporó a la educación naval, de la que salió con el título de guardiamarina del Cuerpo General en 1940. Su carrera continuó como oficial naval, sirviendo en distintos buques. Como capitán de fragata fue comandante del destructor "Uruguay" entre 1961 y 1963. Como Capitán de Navío comandaría el petrolero "Presidente Oribe".

A esa altura era un destacado oficial, egresado del curso de Estado Mayor Naval de la Escuela de Guerra y reconocido por su profesionalidad y carácter. En esa virtud, en 1972 es ascendido a Contralmirante y designado Comandante en Jefe de la Armada Nacional del Uruguay.

Fue Comandante en Jefe de la Armada uruguaya desde 1972 hasta febrero de 1973. Bajo su comando la Armada fue decisiva en la lucha contra la guerrilla, quedando ésta derrotada en 1972. También estuvo a cargo cuando ocurrieron los hechos del "febrero amargo" de 1973, por los cuales sería destituido, tras ordenar el bloqueo a la Ciudad Vieja resguardando a las instituciones.

Tras el fin de la dictadura y el regreso de la democracia serviría como Senador entre 1985 a 1987 por el sector Unidad y Reforma (lista 15) del Partido Colorado, y desde 1987 y 1990 como embajador uruguayo ante la Santa Sede.

Casado con Amelia Bianchi, tuvo 4 hijos: Juan José, Artigas, José Luis y Amelia, y varios nietos.

Falleció con 91 años el 5 de enero de 2021 en Montevideo, Uruguay.

Bloqueo a la Ciudad Vieja

Antecedentes
El 9 de septiembre de 1970 el presidente Jorge Pacheco Areco encomendó a las Fuerzas Armadas la conducción de la lucha contra la guerrilla del Movimiento de Liberación Nacional-Tupamaros. El 16 de diciembre se creó la Junta de Comandantes en Jefe y el Estado Mayor Conjunto (Esmaco) de las Fuerzas Armadas. Tras las elecciones presidenciales de noviembre de 1971 asumió un nuevo gobierno el 1 de marzo de 1972 presidido por Juan María Bordaberry.

En abril de 1972, el parlamento uruguayo votó por más de dos tercios de sus integrantes que el país estaba en un "estado de guerra". Mientras tanto, el rol de las Fuerzas Armadas en la vida política continuó incrementándose.

El 25 de octubre de 1972, Jorge Batlle denunció en televisión que había conversaciones y presuntos entendimientos entre militares e integrantes del Movimiento de Liberación Nacional-Tupamaros en el cuartel del Batallón Florida, con el aval de los generales Gregorio Álvarez y Esteban Cristi en un momento en que estaban técnicamente en "guerra".

Batlle fue procesado por la justicia militar por el delito de "ataque a la fuerza moral del Ejército" y permaneció dos meses en prisión. El 31 de octubre de 1972 el Ministro de Defensa, Augusto Legnani, tuvo que renunciar por no haber podido remover a un jefe encargado de una misión de alta importancia para el ministerio. Posteriormente, los mandos militares hicieron publicaciones enjuiciando al Presidente de la República.

En enero de 1973 la inteligencia naval advirtió las reuniones clandestinas de cuatro generales, sin mando de tropa, encaminadas a convencer al ejército a un amotinamiento, por el próximo anuncio de fin de estado de guerra (que dejaría a los efectivos sin cobrar el doble sueldo por estado de guerra).

El 1 de febrero de 1973, el Dr. Amílcar Vasconcellos lee por Radio Carve una dura carta, denunciando el complot golpista que se gestaba. La contesta el presidente Bordaberry diciendo que "no será con su consentimiento que el país se apartará de su tradición democrática". Los mandos militares, insatisfechos con esa respuesta presidencial, el día 7 lanzan una virulenta declaración en contra de Vasconcellos, anunciando ya lo que será su doctrina: la sedición tupamara está controlada, pero la "subversión" subsiste, afectando "la seguridad nacional". El Vicealmirante Zorrilla se niega a firmar el documento.

El 8 de febrero de 1973, con el propósito de controlar la efervescencia militar, el presidente Bordaberry sustituyó al Ministro de Defensa Nacional, Armando Malet, por el general retirado Antonio Francese. En la mañana de ese día el nuevo ministro se reunió con los mandos de las tres fuerzas y sólo encontró respaldo en la Armada y en el Comandante en Jefe de esta fuerza, Zorrilla.

El Contralmirante Juan José Zorrilla recordando este episodio, relató: "Después de la reunión en Suárez seguimos la reunión en el ESMACO, y ahí yo, o la Marina, porque yo no estaba solo, había otro almirante, el prefecto nacional y dos o tres oficiales más, estuvimos discutiendo media hora, cuando mucho. Y dije que si seguían, yo me retiraba, porque vi que no había manera de entrar en acuerdo; entonces la Marina se retiró. El ministro Malet ya había renunciado, porque ellos estaban decididos a contestar de cualquier manera a Vasconcellos".

A las ocho de la noche, desde el canal de televisión del Estado, los jefes del Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea anunciaron que desconocerían las órdenes del ministro Francese y reclamaron al presidente a su relevo. A las diez y media de la noche, desde Canal 4 (privado), Bordaberry anunció que mantendría a Francese en el Ministerio y convocó a la ciudadanía a reunirse en la Plaza Independencia, frente a la Casa de Gobierno. Allí le acompañaron los ruralistas Juan José Gari y Olga Clérici (viuda de Benito Nardone) y varios otros dirigentes políticos de poco peso. A la convocatoria a la plaza respondieron unos 200 ciudadanos.

En aquel "febrero amargo", como lo titulara para siempre el político batllista Amílcar Vasconcellos (exministro de Hacienda y por entonces Senador), marca la irrupción de hecho de la fuerza militar en el gobierno. Es la primera vez que la atónita ciudadanía ve salir los tanques a la calle. Los acontecimientos venían de tiempo atrás y ya la prisión de Jorge Batlle, en octubre del año anterior, había mostrado hasta qué punto las Fuerzas Armadas habían asumido un rol político protagónico, con mandos que, embriagados por el éxito en el combate a los tupamaros, inocultablemente irrumpían como un poder

El Bloqueo de Ciudad Vieja
El Contralmirante Juan Zorrilla reafirmó su respeto a la Constitución oponiéndose a la actitud de los sublevados.

El 9 de febrero de 1973, a las dos de la madrugada, la Armada Nacional a su mando cercó militarmente la Ciudad Vieja de Montevideo, disponiendo resistencia al desconocimiento de la autoridad democrática. Mandó colocar una barricada de vehículos requisados a la altura de la calle Juan Carlos Gómez, desde la Rambla Gran Bretaña hasta el puerto de Montevideo, a la vez que desplegó los barcos de guerra frente a las costas de Montevideo en posición de fuego, listos para una acción bélica.

En respuesta, el Ejército sacó sus tanques a las calles y ocupó varias emisoras de radio, desde las cuales exhortó a los miembros de la Armada a unirse a sus planteos. El Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea emiten el comunicado Nº 4 en la noche del 9 de enero, en el que se planteaba el programa político del militarismo y luego el comunicado Nº 7, complementando la doctrina expuesta, en el sábado 10 de febrero. Este alzamiento significó en los hechos un verdadero golpe de Estado sobre el poder constitucional, iniciando un proceso que finalmente culminó con la disolución de las Cámaras el 27 de junio de 1973.

La Armada le ofreció al Presidente una base para establecer su despacho y poder negociar con el Ejército desde una posición más fuerte, lo que no fue aceptado. Lamentablemente, ésta fue una acción solitaria en defensa de las Instituciones democráticas que estaban siendo avasalladas.

Solamente la Armada se desplegó en defensa de las instituciones, desplegando la flota, militarizando la ciudad vieja y las bases navales. El Frente Amplio no hizo quorum para condenar el golpe, los habían convocado como "masas populares" que si apoyaban a los militares recibirían prebendas. Mensaje que el General Baliñas pasó al General Seregni, y éste pasó al Frente. El Partido Comunista uruguayo apoyó a los insurgentes, que creían peruanistas, ya que en el numeral 5° del comunicado se planteaba alcanzar o impulsar la obtención de objetivos socio-económicos, como incentivar las exportaciones, reorganizar el servicio exterior, eliminar la deuda externa opresiva, erradicar el desempleo, atacar los ilícitos económicos y la corrupción, reorganizar la administración pública y el sistema impositivo y redistribuir la tierra, entre otros. Editoriales del diario El Popular y del semanario Marcha expresaron puntos de vista antagónicos al respecto. En esa misma noche del 9 de febrero, el Frente Amplio y el propio General Seregni reclaman la renuncia del Presidente y proclaman la "interacción fecunda entre pueblo, gobierno y Fuerzas Armadas, para comenzar la reconstrucción de la patria en decadencia". Los voceros frentistas, diarios y dirigentes, proclaman que "no es el dilema entre poder civil y poder militar, que la división es entre oligarquía y pueblo y que en este caben todos los militares patriotas"

El Partido Nacional no se pronunció, debido a que se había prometido a los generales de su grupo que el golpe sería para sacar al presidente Bordaberry, acusado de fraude, y que Wilson fuera electo por el pueblo.

La mayoría del Partido Colorado no se movilizó, salvo el senador Vasconcellos y el vicepresidente Sapelli.

Entre tanto, Zorrilla estaba atrapado en un dilema:

1) Con la información que tenía la inteligencia naval, los demócratas eran más que los golpistas en las unidades del ejército, si grupos de fuerzas especiales con oficiales navales se desplegaban, como ya habían hecho para detener tupamaros, todos los golpistas estarían detenidos en pocas horas por fuerzas especiales de la Armada.

2) Como constitucionalista, juró obediencia al presidente de la República, y no podía actuar sin órdenes, las que solicitó pero nunca llegaron.

Varios oficiales de la Armada desconocieron el mando de Zorrilla y apoyaron los comunicados del Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea. Al día siguiente, 11 de febrero, Zorrilla tuvo que deponer su actitud para evitar un baño de sangre inútil y presenta renuncia a su cargo de Comandante de la Armada Nacional, asumiendo dicho cargo el Capitán de Navío Conrado Olazábal, con lo que esta fuerza abandonó su postura constitucionalista y se plegó a la posición del Ejército y la Fuerza Aérea.

En su carta de renuncia señaló que ha tratado por todos los medios a su alcance de cumplir con el postulado básico del deber militar "de lealtad al orden constitucional, orgullo y fuerza de nuestra República". Cuando se retira de su despacho, Zorrilla le dice a sus subordinados: "Este libro me lo llevo porque para ustedes. No va a ser de utilidad". Era la Constitución de la República. Termina diciendo: "Espero que cada uno de los actores de estos sucesos asuma su responsabilidad ante la historia".

Esta intensa pulseada termina en la mañana del día lunes 12 de febrero de 1973, cuando Bordaberry concurrió a la Base Aérea "Cap. Juan Manuel Boiso Lanza" y aceptó todas las exigencias de los mandos militares y pactó su continuidad en la Presidencia. Esto fue llamado el Acuerdo de Boiso Lanza.

Después de los hechos
Pocos días después, una bomba explotó en la puerta de su casa. Un aviso para que se fuera del país. La Inteligencia Naval hizo llegar un mensaje a Inteligencia Militar; "¡Ojo! Si le pasaba algo a Zorrilla". No tuvo más problemas.

Ámbito político y diplomático

Durante la dictadura, con el comienzo de la apertura, acepta apoyar a la lista ABX, del distintivo "Batllismo Unido", correspondiente al sector Lista 15, del por entonces proscripto Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, y encabezada por el dos veces ministro, y futuro presidente, Julio María Sanguinetti. Ocupa por la lista ABX el segundo lugar a la Convención Nacional del Partido Colorado, pero después de un discurso es acusado por las FF. AA. de "atentado a la fuerza moral del Ejército y la Marina" y sometido a la Justicia militar. Está 30 días preso en la Escuela Naval, razón por la que no pudo asumir su cargo de Convencional del Partido.

Con el fin de la dictadura y el retorno a la democracia, fue electo en las Elecciones generales de 1984 como Senador de la República para la XLII Legislatura, estando en el quinto lugar de las Listas 15 y 85 del Batllismo, por el Partido Colorado, hasta 1987.

En diciembre de 1987, renuncia a su banca, siendo sustituido por Francisco Terra Gallinal, para ser designado como Embajador uruguayo ante el Vaticano. Allí fue decano del cuerpo diplomático y amigo personal del papa Juan Pablo II, que realizó dos Visitas Pastorales en Uruguay. La primera se desarrolló durante los días 31 de marzo y 1º de abril de 1987 y la segunda se extendió entre el 7 y el 9 de mayo de 1989.

Al cumplir 70 años, en 1990 se retira, a su sencilla casa, rodeado del respeto de la ciudadanía democrática del país y del amor de su familia. Recordado por ser un demócrata cabal, republicano honrado, defensor irrestricto de la Constitución de la República y sus Instituciones, leal a la Armada a la que sirvió con devoción y coraje.

Falleció en su retiro el 5 de enero de 2012 a los 91 años de edad.

Homenajes
La Intendencia de Rivera lo nombró Ciudadano Ilustre de Rivera en 2009.

A finales de 2022, el diputado Conrado Rodríguez propuso la instalación de una estatua en homenaje a Juan Zorrilla en reconocimiento a sus acciones en contra del intento de golpe de Estado en 1973, contando con el apoyo de todos los diputados del partido y el interés del secretario general del partido, Julio María Sanguinetti. Este proyecto de ley propone que se erija la estatua, en conmemoración de su coraje cívico y lealtad a las Instituciones, con su piedra fundamental colocada dentro de los noventa días de promulgada en la entrada de la Ciudad Vieja de Montevideo (su lugar preciso será fijado en las inmediaciones de la Rambla Gran Bretaña a la altura de la calle Juan Carlos Gómez por una Comisión Honoraria del Ministerio de Transporte y Obras Públicas. El proyecto de ley fue aprobado en sesión extraordinaria de la Cámara de Representantes el jueves 9 de febrero de 2023 a la hora 13, tratado como único punto del orden del día y luego comunicado al Senado. Expusieron sobre el asunto los diputados Conrado Rodríguez, Nicolás Viera, Daniel Martínez Escamés e Iván Posada.

El Partido Colorado organizó para el 8 de febrero de 2023 un acto en homenaje al Contralmirante como conmemoración del cincuentenario del febrero de 1973, momento "en que se inicia el golpe de Estado" señaló el Partido Colorado.

También en 2023, el 9 de febrero de dicho año, en el Salón Alcázar dentro de la sede del Comando de la Armada Nacional, se le rindió homenaje al contralmirante Juan José Zorrilla. Al reconocimiento asistió el Señor Ministro de Defensa Nacional, Dr. Javier García, Autoridades Navales y familiares, junto a la Comisión de Homenaje presidida por la Dra. Luisa Amaro, e integrada además por el Sr. Manuel Novas, el Dr. Fernando Aguirre, el Sr. Ignacio Scala, el Ing. José Zorrilla y el Dr. Graziano Pascale. Consistió en la entrega al Comandante de la Armada, Contralmirante Jorge Wilson, de una placa recordatoria del gesto de Zorrilla y de los oficiales que lo acompañaron aquel día histórico.

Bibliografía

Referencias

Nacidos en Rivera
Oficiales de la Armada Nacional del Uruguay
Militares del partido Colorado (Uruguay)
Políticos del partido Colorado (Uruguay)
Embajadores de Uruguay ante la Santa Sede
Senadores de Uruguay

Juan José Zorrilla


شركة النصر للسيارات

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ألقاب النسب
صفحات توضيح أسماء أماكن
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نصر (توضيح)


Heini Justinussen (født 6. maj 1896 på Svínoy, død 7. februar 1969) var en færøsk snedker og politiker (FF).

Efter et ophold ved Føroya Fólkaháskúli 1913-14 begyndte han at arbejde som snedker i hjembygden.

Han blev valgt ind i sognerådet på Svínoy i 1931 og som suppleant til Lagtinget for Norðoyar i 1940. Justinussen blev fast lagtingsmand, efter at Jacob Heinesen omkom ved et skibsforlis i 1941, og sad i tinget frem til 1943.

Referencer

Lagtingsmedlemmer fra Færøerne
Håndværkere fra Færøerne
Kommunalpolitikere fra Færøerne
Politikere fra Fólkaflokkurin
Personer fra Norderøerne

Heini Justinussen


The Acura TL is an executive car that was manufactured by Acura, the luxury division of Honda. It was introduced in 1995 to replace the Acura Vigor and was badged for the Japanese-market from 1996 to 2000 as the Honda Inspire and from 1996 to 2004 as the Honda Saber. The TL was Acura's best-selling model until it was outsold by the MDX in 2007. In 2005, it ranked as the second best-selling luxury sedan in the United States behind the BMW 3 Series, but sales decreased after the 2008 model year. Four generations of the Acura TL were produced, with the final fourth generation TL premiering in 2008 as a 2009 model and ending production in 2014, when it was replaced together with the TSX by the TLX.

First generation (UA1–UA3; 1996–1998)

The TL "Touring Luxury" debuted as 1996 model, first with the 1996 2.5 TL available with the 2.5 L 176 hp (131 kW) SOHC 20-valve 5-cylinder engine from the Vigor. The 3.2 TL used the 3.2 L 200 hp (149 kW) SOHC 24v V6 from the second generation Acura Legend. The debut of the TL signaled Acura's shift from traditional vehicle names to alphanumeric designations. By replacing recognizable names such as Vigor and Legend with a two-letter designation, the luxury maker hoped to focus consumer attention on the Acura name. The TL was the first Acura model to adopt the new naming scheme.

The 2.5 TL was positioned as the sporty model and the 3.2 focused more upon a luxurious ride. There were minimal styling differences between the two, but the 3.2 TL had larger tires despite the 2.5 TL's more sporty marketing. Moreover, the added power in the 3.2 TL gave it better acceleration. Both engines were mounted in a front-rear, or longitudinal position. This contrasted with the more typical transverse engine mount style, and was intended to provide better weight distribution and reduce nose dive. The engine mount design resulted in an elongated hood for the first generation TL, a shorter front overhang and longer wheelbase, fitting for a near-luxury car. The inline-5 engine in the 2.5 TL competed with similar 5-cylinder engines offered in Audi and Volvo models.

The first 1996 Acura TL was manufactured at Sayama, Japan on March 28, 1995. Sales of the 2.5 TL began in spring 1995, but the 3.2 TL was delayed until fall because of a U.S.-Japan trade dispute. The U.S. government had threatened to impose 100% tariffs on higher-priced Japanese cars in response a growing U.S.-Japan trade deficit. Ultimately a deal was reached which avoided the tariffs.

The first generation Acura TL had standard features including dual airbags, antilock brakes, automatic climate control, a cassette/CD player sound system, and power windows and locks. Leather was standard on the more upscale 3.2 TL, while the 2.5 TL featured a firmer suspension setup. Like its predecessor, the Vigor, this generation TL was a 4-door pillared hardtop, with frameless windows.

1997
In 1997, Acura added a standard power moonroof to all TL models. Additionally, all Acura TLs received a variable-speed intermittent wiper setting. The 3.2 TL had 205/65/15 tires and a V6 motor. The sport-targeted, 5-cylinder 2.5 TL was further fitted with new alloy wheels.

1998
For 1998, Acura made several previously optional features standard on the 2.5 TL. 1998 was the last year of TL production in Japan, as the model was being redesigned for production in the United States.

Second generation (UA4–UA5; 1999–2003)

In 1998, Honda revealed the TL-X concept car, showing a preview of the second-generation TL which would debut in fall that year. The second-generation TL (now called 3.2 TL) was released in 1998 and was now derived off the US-market Honda Accord platform. It was available with a newly designed 3.2 L 225 hp (168 kW) SOHC VTEC J32 V6 mated to a four-speed electronic automatic transmission with SportShift.

The second-generation 3.2 TL (the 2.5 was dropped) was built in Marysville, Ohio, alongside the Honda Accord, at Marysville Auto Plant. These cars were imported into Japan and sold as Honda Inspire in the Honda Clio dealer network, and as Honda Saber in the Honda Verno dealer network. The main difference between the two cars were the front grille; the Inspire and Saber were also available with a 2.5 L Honda J-series V6 exclusive to the Japanese market.

The very first 1999 Acura TL (2G) was assembled on August 4, 1998. The only option on the sedan was a CD-based navigation system. The 1999 TL's navigation system stored the maps in zones; there were 5 different zones for the U.S. Starting with this generation, cabin air filters (also known as pollen filters) were installed as standard equipment and are located behind the glove compartment.

2000

In the second year of production, the Acura TL was given a few more features, including a 5-speed automatic transmission with SportShift. The added gear allowed for slightly better fuel economy and acceleration when compared to the previous 4-speed automatic transmission with SportShift. With this model, if the driver forgets the 1-2 shift the computer will take over when in sport mode and do the 1-2 up and down shifts, unlike the 4-speed 1999 model. In many vehicles, the 5-speed automatic transmission was very unreliable: as the third clutch pack wore, particles blocked off oil passages and prevented the transmission from shifting or holding gears normally. The transmission would slip, fail to shift, or suddenly downshift and make the car come to a screeching halt, even at freeway speeds. This problem was highlighted in the Los Angeles Times in September 2002. Consumer Reports took note and gave the TL and CL the black spot, the worst rating for transmission reliability. In response to the recurring problem, the manufacturer extended the warranty covering the transmission to 7 years or  on U.S.A. models. A class-action lawsuit was settled to extend the transmission warranty for U.S.A. owners or entities to 7.75 years for all models made from 1998 to 2002 and some 2003 models by VIN; however, Canadian owners warranties were not extended. Transmissions replaced prior to March 2005 usually fail again.  Transmissions replaced from March 2005 and later include a redesigned third gear clutch pack reported to fix the problem.

Other notable changes include the addition of side impact airbags for the front passengers and a change of format for the navigation system. The 2000 TL switched from a CD database to a DVD-based navigation system. The entire continental United States became accessible with the navigation system; it was possible to drive from one coast to the other with the new navigation system.

2001

For the 2001 model year, a redesigned coupe version of the TL was introduced, the 3.2CL. While it was mechanically identical to the TL, its sales never came close to that of its sibling model, and as a result, it was discontinued in May 2003. The 2001 model received a redesigned cupholder insert. The automatic transmissions in these cars were also defective. In response to the recurring problem, the manufacturer extended the warranty covering the transmission to  or 7.75 years for all 1999 - 2002 and 2003 partial per VIN. Acura dealers replace the transmissions under warranty. Transmissions replaced prior to March 2005 usually fail again. Transmissions replaced in March 2005 and later include a redesigned third gear clutch pack reported to fix the problem.

Several models in the 2002–2003 years were the subject of a safety recall in July 2009 for injuries reported by faulty driver's side airbag inflators. In February 2010, another recall was issued for the same problem.

2002

In March 2001 for the 2002 model year, the TL got a minor makeover, with a refreshed front fascia, redesigned taillights, a 6 CD in-dash changer as well as a few other features. A Type-S model was also added, adding 35 hp (26 kW) for a total of  at 6100 rpm and  of torque at 3500-5500 rpm. It also featured  wheels, firmer seats and suspension. A large percentage of these vehicles exhibited problems with the automatic transmission necessitating replacement. In response to the recurring problem, the manufacturer extended the warranty covering the transmission to  or 7.75 years for all 1999 - 2002 models and 2003 partial per VIN. Acura dealers replace the transmissions under warranty. Transmissions replaced prior to March 2005 usually fail again. Transmissions replaced March 2005 and later include a redesigned third gear clutch pack reported to fix the problem.

2003
Only minor changes occurred in that year in order to make way for a redesign.

But one odd and notable addition to only the 2003 model year was the addition of General Motors OnStar subscription cellular telephone and navigation assistance service to the DVD GPS navigation system option. These were separate independent systems, each with their own GPS receivers. The OnStar system was based on a dated Motorola analog cellular technology operating over 1G AMPS. Because of this and the failure of Acura to offer a digital upgrade, the TL OnStar system became defunct in 2009 when US carriers were allowed to turn off analog AMPS cell tower equipment.

Third generation (UA6–UA7; 2004–2008)

2004

In October 2003, the third generation Acura TL (the 3.2 moniker was dropped) was released for sale in North America. Developed mainly in the United States by a team led by Erik Berkman, with bodywork by American Honda designer Jon Ikeda, the new TL was built in Marysville, Ohio, and was derived from the seventh generation US-market Honda Accord. The car itself is praised for its sharp design, and is said to have aged well.

Starting with this generation, this model was not sold in Japan, with the Honda Inspire holding the position of entry level luxury sedan below the Honda Legend in Japan. The Inspire of this era was instead sold as the seventh generation North American spec Honda Accord.

It is powered by a 270 hp (201 kW); later revised to , based on the new SAE measurement standard for horsepower and  of torque, 3.2 L 24 valve SOHC VTEC V6 engine mated to either a "SportShift" manually controllable 5-speed automatic with or 6-speed manual. Manual transmission models featured Brembo 4-Piston front brake calipers, a Torsen-type limited slip differential, stiffer anti-roll bars front and rear and performance tires at no additional cost.

As of March 2004, Honda offers to the public a factory-sanctioned "tuner package" version of the TL called the TL A-SPEC. This version features a suspension tuned by Makoto Tamamura, an indication of the TL A-SPEC's aggressive engineering. In addition, an underbody kit, spoiler, limited edition A-SPEC steering wheel, "A-SPEC" badge on the back, and  wheels are standard issue on the A-SPEC package. When installed at purchase, the car's 4 year/  warranty applies to the package as well.

The third generation TL was also the first car in the American market to include a 6-disc DVD-Audio system, output through an 8-speaker 225-watt system, engineered by Panasonic and tuned by Grammy Award-winning sound engineer Elliot Scheiner. The system also plays back regular audio CDs as well as DTS audio discs, CD-Audio, CD-Rs and CD-RWs but not MP3s. In the United States, all models were also equipped with a Bluetooth HandsFree Link (HFL) system, integrated with the audio system, to allow for hands-free usage of one's cell phone (provided the phone also supports Bluetooth and is compatible with the HFL's hands-free profile). In Canada, the HFL feature was not available on the base model (standard with A-Spec, Technology, and Navigation packages), though the 2005 model year saw HFL becoming standard in all Canadian models. With the built-in XM Radio tuner, owners can elect to pay a monthly subscription after the complimentary 3 months subscription expires from Acura for XM radio, which provides over 100 digital channels via satellite.

With the optional Alpine-designed navigation system, the third generation TL can also accept voice commands like "find nearest police station" or "go home." The DVD navigation system features an  touchscreen LCD, which allows for easy viewing of the road ahead. DVDs with new road information for the navigation system were made annually until 2014.

The JDM Honda Inspire debuted around four and a half months earlier (on June 11, 2003) and marked the branching out of the TL line from the Inspire. The Inspire is basically a seventh-generation US-market Honda Accord V6 with minor trim changes, and the addition of Variable Cylinder Management, which shuts off half of the engine when not needed to boost fuel economy. The Saber was discontinued and the new Inspire is being sold at Clio, Primo, and Verno dealerships.

The TL became Acura's best-selling luxury sedan in 2004 with more than 79,000 sold that year.

The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) found the Acura TL had the second lowest fatality rates among midsize luxury cars.

2005
The 2005 TL received a passenger airbag cut-off switch and indicator and extra stitching on the front seats. There were several minor changes made (such as changes in seat belt anchor mounts) which are not published.

2006

The 2006 TL received the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) and a new engine management system to help reduce torque steer. The new horsepower rating of  is due to a change in testing procedures, with the engine remaining the same technically since 2004.

2007

The 2007 Acura TL features a slightly revised exterior as well as a revised interior with a new steering wheel, redesigned gauges, and footwell lighting, in addition to new interior and exterior colors. The 2007 TL (non Type-S) received suspension changes to improve ride comfort. Also new for the 2007 model year were LED turn signal repeaters on the side mirrors and fog lamps in the bumper. Prior to 2007, the fog lamps were integrated into the headlight housing; Daytime Running Lights now occupy that space (Canadian models have had DRLs there rather than fog lamps since 2004).

TL with navigation models sport a new rear view camera with image displayed on the navigation screen as well as XM NavTraffic. In addition to the new standard auxiliary audio jack, the sound system is now MP3/WMA compatible and offers Dolby Pro Logic II decoding and speed-sensitive volume compensation. The manual transmission option had been dropped from the base TL due largely to extremely low sales (roughly 1 out of 40 TLs sold across America were equipped with a manual gearbox).

The most notable revision is the return of the Type-S edition of the TL. The Acura TL Type-S received the Acura RL's 3.5-liter V6 tuned to  with either a 5-speed automatic with F1 style paddle shifters or a 6-speed manual transmission. The manual transmission includes a limited slip differential. Exterior differences include quad exhaust pipes, restyled rear lamps and front fascia, lip spoiler, wider side sills, Brembo brakes, dark silver 10-spoke wheels, a "black chrome" grille rather than the standard glossy grille, and exclusive Type-S badging, plus an exclusive new color option, Kinetic Blue Pearl. The interior has Type-S badging on the steering wheel and headrests, more highly bolstered front seats, two-tone seats (only with the Ebony/Silver interior), metal racing pedals, carbon fiber trim, and red interior lighting (as opposed to blue in the base TL). Touch screen navigation is standard and the suspension has been firmed up. The only options are the aforementioned transmission and high performance summer tires (Bridgestone Potenzas) rather than the standard all-season tires (Michelin Pilot MXM4s).

Acura also introduced a new 5-speed automatic transmission for the 2007 and 2008 model year TLs. Changes include downshift "rev matching", slightly altered gear ratios, and a different bellhousing. The transmission is identical between the base model and Type-S. The block on the base model's 3.2-liter engine was changed to accommodate for the new bellhousing.

2008
The 2008 TL features an improved new immobilizer system, and a separate Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) warning lamp. The navigation system has been updated to work in Hawaii, and the AcuraLink satellite capability has been expanded to incorporate 76 markets (up from 38 markets for the 2007 model).

Performance

Zero to : (3.5L V6) 5.7sec, (3.2L V6 MT) 5.9sec & (3.2L V6 AT) 6 sec
Zero to : 10.9 sec
Zero to : 19.6 sec

Standing -mile (~400 m): 14.1 sec @
Top speed (governor limited):
Braking, 70–0 mph:
Roadholding, -dia skidpad: 0.93 g

Awards
 The 2006 Acura TL won ConsumerSearch's "Sports sedan with luxury touches" in Luxury Cars Reviews in September 2006.
 The 2006 Acura TL won ConsumerSearch's "Best blend of sport and luxury" in its list of Sports Sedan Reviews in June 2006.

Fourth generation (UA8–UA9; 2009–2014)

The first fourth-generation Acura TL rolled off the assembly line on September 23, 2008. Debuted for the 2009 model year, the Acura TL featured a more aggressive interpretation of Acura's latest styling vocabulary, known as "Keen Edge Dynamic." Featured prominently on the front is Acura's controversial "Power Plenum" upper grille. The size of the car has increased slightly, and as a consequence the wheelbase has been stretched  to . The car is also  longer overall,  wider and  taller. Rear legroom improves by  and rear shoulder room increases by . Structural rigidity was increased due to the use of high-strength steel in 47.6 percent of the chassis.

The base TL is front-wheel drive and is powered by a 3.5-liter V6 that makes  and  of torque, an increase of  and  over the previous 3.2-liter V6. The new TL SH-AWD ("Super-Handling All-Wheel Drive") replaces the previous TL Type-S and is powered by a 3.7-liter V6 that produces  and  of torque, an increase of  (Acura originally advertised the car as having , but revised that claim without any explanation after a few months on the market) and  over the 3.5-liter V6 of the Type-S. The 3.7L engine also uses VTEC variable-lift timing on both the intake and exhaust valves (the base TL and previous models only applied VTEC to the intake valves).

SH-AWD ("Super Handling" All Wheel Drive) is a multi-vectoring all wheel drive system designed more for performance than for simply providing traction in adverse circumstances. While cruising, the system sends 90% of the power to the front wheels and 10% to the rear wheels. Acceleration puts more torque on the rear wheels. The car can put up to 70% of the total available power to the rear wheels to assist with rapid acceleration, and of that 70%, 100% can be pushed to either the left or right wheel in order to assist the vehicle through a corner.

The brakes on the new TL have been increased in size, from the older  front disc and  rear disc to the now Ridgeline-sized  front discs and  rear disc, still incorporating an internal rear drum e-brake while maintaining hydraulic discs for the foot applied brakes. The bolt pattern on the car is no longer a 5 x  but a 5 x  for this generation.

The SH-AWD model also includes some interior refinements over the base model and is tuned for slightly firmer suspension and steering feedback. It is visually distinguishable from the base model on the exterior by its SH-AWD badge on the trunk, quad exhaust pipes (as opposed to dual exhaust on the base model) and larger air ducts in the front bumper to cool the larger brakes (the base model's turn signal indicators in the bumper extend all the way to the center.) The TL rides on 245/50R17 tires, while the TL SH-AWD has 245/45R18 tires with optional 245/40ZR19 summer performance tires. Both models use electric power steering rather than hydraulic, and a revised five-speed automatic transmission (2012+ models received the 6-speed automatic) featuring shift paddles on the steering wheel is standard equipment for both models.

For the 2010 model year, Acura announced that a 6-speed close-ratio manual transmission would be available for the SH-AWD model. For this manual transmission model, Acura designed a new self-adjusting dual-mass clutch system for increased holding power and improved modulation compared to the previous generation. Additional differences from the automatic transmission SH-AWD model include more aggressively tuned front dampers and springs, stiffer engine and transmission mounts, unique Electric Power Steering (EPS) tuning, hill start assist, and improved front/rear weight distribution.

The fourth generation Acura TL adds further electronic convenience items, now including a central multifunction display, an eight-speaker 276-watt audio system with a six-disc CD changer, XM Satellite Radio, USB port connectivity (including full iPod control support), and Bluetooth Audio (for streaming music from a cell phone). Both models offer an optional Technology Package, which includes premium Milano leather seats; Keyless Access ( unlock the doors, and start the engine without ever having to use your key, as long as it's in your pocket or purse, or within range of the vehicle.), a joystick-based (no longer touchscreen) navigation system updated with a new  full VGA display and the ability to provide weather information and traffic-based rerouting, and the Acura/ELS audio system with 10 speakers, 440 watts of power, DTS CD compatibility for 5.1 surround sound, DVD-A, as well as an internal hard drive with 13 GB of storage dedicated for audio. With the ELS audio system, audio CDs are automatically ripped to the hard drive upon insertion for future playback. The navigation system also stores its map data on the hard drive (as opposed to the previous model's DVD-based storage), producing faster boot times.

Technology Package

Audio

Hard Drive
13GB
Only the contents of an Audio CD may be ripped to the HDD. Copying to the HDD from other recordable media or storage devices is not supported.
Album, Title and Artist information is provided by an updatable Gracenote file.

USB
FAT32 Format Supported
Limited to 700 folders existing at the root of the storage device. Folder names appear as album names. Sub-folder navigation is not supported.
Limited to 15,000 files

2012

For the 2012 model, Honda offered new front and rear styling on the Acura TL. Acura updated the controversial "beak" insert in the front grille, replacing it with a smaller insert that flows better with the headlights and creates a sleeker profile. Aside from cosmetic changes, the 2012 TL was equipped with Honda's 6-speed automatic transmission to improve performance and efficiency. This transmission features downshift rev-matching with throttle blip and the ability to downshift two gears at a time. Additional new features include ventilated seats, new 60GB HDD, blind-spot information system, and upgraded wheels. The 2012 TL retains both the base 3.5L   and the SH-AWD models' 3.7L   engines but now gets two mpg more in the city () and three mpg more on the highway (), thanks to less engine friction and the 6-speed automatic transmission. The 6-speed manual transmission will continue to be offered. The 2012 model is also 3dB quieter on the highway.

2013 Acura TL Special Edition
It is a version of front-wheel-drive 2013 Acura TL with distinctive 10-spoke 18-inch alloy wheels, a color-matched deck lid spoiler, trunk-mounted Special Edition badging, Keyless Access System with Keyless Access Remote, pushbutton start, choice of 4 body colors (Bellanova White Pearl, Crystal Black Pearl, Graphite Luster Metallic and Silver Moon Metallic) matched with an Ebony interior leather upholstery with contrast stitching, Sequential SportShift 6-speed automatic transmission with paddle shifter system, 10-way adjustable power driver's seat, an 8-way adjustable power front passenger's seat, power moonroof, 276-watt audio system with eight speakers, dual-zone dual-mode automatic climate control system with automatic humidity control. The vehicle was produced using domestically and globally sourced parts at Honda of America Mfg., Inc., in Marysville, Ohio.

Safety
The Acura TL uses Honda's Advanced Compatibility Engineering front end. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) found the 2009-11 front-wheel drive TL models (SH-AWD models not included in study) to have an overall driver death of five deaths per million registered years.

* vehicle structure rated "Acceptable"

Production

Honda announced it was replacing the TL with a new Acura TLX sedan. Production of the TL ceased towards the end of 2014, with the replacement model 2015 TLX going on sale in the fall of that same year.

Sales figures

References

 2004 Acura TL A-spec  "2004 Acura TL A-SPEC: No assembly required to enjoy this factory-spec tuner package", an article by John Kiewicz on page 136 of the March 2004 issue of Motor Trend
 "Honda's Unexpected Gear Shift", an article by John O'Dell in the September 11, 2002 edition of the Los Angeles Times

External links

 Acura USA - Official Site
 Acura TL - Official US Site

TL
Cars introduced in 1995
2000s cars
2010s cars
Compact executive cars
Sedans
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Motor vehicles manufactured in the United States

Acura TL


Rukometni klub Trilj (RK Trilj; Trilj) je muški rukometni klub iz Trilja, Splitsko-dalmatinska županija. Klub u sezoni 2018./19. nastupa u 2. HRL – Jug.

O klubu
Klub je osnovan 16. prosinca 1974. godine pod nazivom RK "Cetina". 20. rujna 1975. godine na skupštini kluba dolazi do preimenovanja kluba u RK "Cetinka", po triljskoj tvornici plastičnih masa "Cetinka", koja postaje glavni sponzor kluba.  "Cetinka" se u ligaška natjecanja uključuje u sezoni 1975./76. u Međuopćinskoj dalmatinskoj rukometnoj ligi (Srednjodalmatinska rukometna liga). Do raspada SFRJ "Cetinka" igra u rukometnim ligama na području Dalmacije. 1982. godine je u Trilju otvorena športska dvorana pri osnovnoj školi. "Cetinka" je dotad trenirala i nastupal na betonskom igralištu.
Osamostaljenjem Hrvatske "Cetinka" je pretežno član 2. HRL – Jug. U sezoni 1995./96. klub je član 1. B HRL – Jug, ali odmah ispadaju iz lige. Ponovno su članovi 1. B lige u sezonam 1997./98. i 1998./99. U sezoni 2002./03. klub osvaja 1. B HRL – Jug, te igrju u kvalifikacijama za popunu tadašnje Prve lige. U sezoni 2008./09. klub je ponovno prvak 2. HRL – Jug te se plasira u Dukat 1. HRL. U ljeto 2009., zbog dugogodišnjih problema tvrtke "Cetinka" i nemogućnosti financiranja, klub se preimenuje, a sponzor postaje prehrambena tvrtka "Pršut Voštane", te dalje klub djeluje kao RK "Trilj – Pršut Voštane". U 1. HRL nastupaju samo u sezoni 2009./10., a otad se ponovno natječu u 2. HRL – Jug.

Pri klubu povremeno djeluje i ženska sekcija.

Uspjesi
 2. HRL – Jug
 prvak: 1996./97., 2000./01.(Jug 2), 2002./03., 2008./09.

 Prvenstvo SR Hrvatske za pionire
 prvak: 1978.

Plasmani po sezonama

Poznati igrači
 Vatromir Srhoj
 Mate Svalina
 Davor Dominiković
 Ivan Vukas

Unutrašnje poveznice
 Trilj

Izvori
 Marinko Perić: Povijest sporta Cetinske krajine, Sinj, 1989., str. 291-307
 Marijan Flander i dr: Razvoj rukometa u Hrvatskoj : od prvih početaka do 1985. godine, Zagreb, 1986., UDK: 796.322(497.13)(091), str. 89-90
 inet.hr/~rkcetink, Povijest, wayback arhiva
 inet.hr/~rkcetink, sezone i rezultati (1999./2000. – 2004./05.), wayback arhiva
 inet.hr/~rkcetink, Športska dvorana – Trilj, wayback arhiva
 bisnode.hr, RUKOMETNI KLUB "TRILJ – PRŠUT VOŠTANE"
 poslovna.hr, RK CETINKA – RUKOMETNI KLUB TRILJ – PRŠUT VOŠTANE

Vanjske poveznice
 inet.hr/~rkcetink, wayback arhiva* inet.hr/~rkcetink, stranice kluba (RK Cetinka)
 RK TRILJ, facebook stranica
 furkisport.hr/hrs, Trilj Pršut Voštane, rezultati po sezonama
 sportilus.com, Rukometni klub Trilj Pršut Voštane

Trilj
Trilj PŠ

RK Trilj


SX-9:هو حاسب عملاق من صنع شركة إن إي سي.وهو يحوي نظام SMP وتستخدم رقاقة معالج شعاعي محسنة قدمت في SX-6.ويعمل على تردد 3.2 GHz مع ثمان قنوات خط أنابيب (توضيح) شعاعية يحوي كل منها على وحدتي ضرب ووحدتي جمع.
وهذا أدى إلى رفع أدائه في ذروته أكبر بقليل من 100 فلوبس.ومن أجل التعليمات الغير شعاعية يوجد معالج أحادي سرعته بنصف سرعة المعالجات الشعاعية أي ما يقارب 1.6 GHz.ويتسع ل16 معالج وذاكرة بسعة 1 تيرابايت كل عقدة مغلفة بنظام تبريد منفصل.

يبدأ مجال SX-9 series من عقدة وحيدة SX-9/B ب4 معالجات وينتهي ب512 عقدة أي 8,192 معالج أي 2×128 GB/s عقدة. ويعمل على نظام التشغيل SUPER-UX شبيه يونكس.

ويعتبر SX-9 من أسرع المعالجات الشعاعية في العالمhttp://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/IPDPS.2009.5161089</references>http://insidehpc.com/2008/11/12/nec-sx-9-and-the-hpc-challenge-a-fairy-tale-story/</references> ويعتبر الحاسب ذو 512 عقدة الحاسب الشعاعي الأسرع في وقت إصداره في 2008.

Single Node SX Systems

Multi Node SX Systems

ملخص مواصفات المنتج من شركة NEC
 1.6 TFLOPS max. peak performance per node
 Up to 16 CPUs per node, manufactured in 65 nm CMOS technology
 Up to 64 GB of memory per CPU, 1 TB in a single node
 Up to 4 TB/s bandwidth per node, 256 GB/s per CPU
 IXS Super-Switch between nodes, up to 512 nodes supported, 256 GB/s per node (128 GB/s for each direction)
 50% less power consumption compared to the NEC SX-8R

المصادر

1. ^ http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/IPDPS.2009.5161089

2. ^ http://insidehpc.com/2008/11/12/nec-sx-9-and-the-hpc-challenge-a-fairy-tale-story/

3. ^ http://www.dwd.de/bvbw/appmanager/bvbw/dwdwwwDesktop?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=dwdwww_result_page&gsbSearchDocId=373054

حواسيب فائقة

إن إي سي أس إكس-9


Goeppertia aemula é uma espécie de  planta do gênero Goeppertia e da família Marantaceae.

Taxonomia
A espécie foi descrita em 2012 por Stella Suárez e Finn Borchsenius.
Os seguintes sinônimos já foram catalogados:
 Calathea aemula  Körn.
 Phyllodes aemula  (Körn.) Kuntze

Forma de vida
É uma espécie terrícola e herbácea.

Descrição
Ervas, (0,2-)0,4-0,6 m altura. Lâmina foliar ornamentada ou não, face adaxial verde com banda verde-clara acompanhando a nervura central ou inteiramente verde, face abaxial verde ou verde-amarelada. Brácteas verdes ou alvas, cálice e corola alvos.

Conservação
A espécie faz parte da Lista Vermelha das espécies ameaçadas do estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista foi publicada em 13 de junho de 2005 por intermédio do decreto estadual nº 1.499-R.

Distribuição
A espécie é endêmica do Brasil e encontrada nos estados brasileiros de Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina e São Paulo.
A espécie é encontrada no domínio fitogeográfico de Mata Atlântica, em regiões com vegetação de floresta estacional semidecidual e floresta ombrófila pluvial.

Notas
Contém texto em CC-BY-SA 4.0 de Saka, M.N. 2020. Goeppertia  in Flora do Brasil 2020.

Ligações externas
 Goeppertia aemula no projeto Flora e Funga do Brasil

Goeppertia
Plantas descritas em 2012
Flora do Espírito Santo (estado)
Espécies citadas na Lista Vermelha de Ameaça da Flora Brasileira
Espécies citadas na Lista de Espécies da Flora Ameaçadas do Espírito Santo

Goeppertia aemula


Puede referirse a:
 En botánica, Tyria es un género  sinónimo de Bernardia, planta de la familia Euphorbiaceae.

 En entomología, Tyria es un género monoespecífico (Tyria jacobaeae)  de mariposa polilla (Lepidóptero) de la familia Arctiidae.

Tyria (desambiguación)


O Partido Suíço do Trabalho (alemão: Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz; francês: Parti Suisse du Travail – Parti Ouvrier et Populaire; italiano: Partito Svizzero del Lavoro – Partito Operaio e Popolare; romanche: Partida svizra da la lavur) é um partido comunista na Suíça. Está associado ao grupo Esquerda Unitária Europeia/Esquerda Nórdica Verde no Parlamento Europeu , embora a Suíça não esteja na UE.

Referências

Ligações externas

Comunista
Partidos políticos comunistas da Europa
Partidos políticos fundados em 1944
Fundações na Suíça em 1944

Partido Suíço do Trabalho


Éva Keleman (født 27. december 1987 i Szeghalom, Ungarn) er en ungarsk håndboldspiller som spiller for Debrecen VSC.

Referencer

Håndboldspillere fra Ungarn

Éva Kelemen


Lysenkoism (, ; , ) was a political campaign led by Soviet biologist Trofim Lysenko against genetics and science-based agriculture in the mid-20th century, rejecting natural selection in favour of a form of Lamarckism, as well as expanding upon the techniques of vernalization and grafting.

More than 3,000 mainstream biologists were dismissed or imprisoned, and numerous scientists were executed in the Soviet campaign to suppress scientific opponents. The president of the Soviet Agriculture Academy, Nikolai Vavilov, who had been Lysenko's mentor, but later denounced him, was sent to prison and died there, while Soviet genetics research was effectively destroyed. Research and teaching in the fields of neurophysiology, cell biology, and many other biological disciplines were harmed or banned.

The government of the Soviet Union (USSR) supported the campaign, and Joseph Stalin personally edited a speech by Lysenko in a way that reflected his support for what would come to be known as Lysenkoism, despite his skepticism toward Lysenko's assertion that all science is class-oriented in nature. Lysenko served as the director of the USSR's Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Other countries of the Eastern Bloc including the People's Republic of Poland, the Republic of Czechoslovakia, and the German Democratic Republic accepted Lysenkoism as the official "new biology", to varying degrees, as did the People's Republic of China for some years.

Context

Mendelian genetics, the science of heredity, developed into an experimentally-based field of biology at the start of the 20th century through the work of August Weismann, Thomas Hunt Morgan, and others, building on the rediscovered work of Gregor Mendel. They showed that the characteristics of an organism were carried by inherited genes, which were located on chromosomes in each cell's nucleus. These could be affected by random changes, mutations, and could be shuffled and recombined during sexual reproduction, but were otherwise passed on unchanged from parent to offspring. Beneficial changes could spread through a population by natural selection or, in agriculture, by plant breeding. The factor of individual random mutations influencing subsequent generations was however at odds with the Marxist idea of "immutable laws of history", collectivism and was perceived as having a strong liberal bias.

In contrast, Lamarckism proposed that an organism can somehow pass on characteristics that it has acquired during its lifetime to its offspring, implying that change in the body can affect the genetic material in the germ line.

Marxism–Leninism, which became an official ideological doctrine in Stalin's USSR, incorporated Darwinian evolutionary theory as its integral part, providing a scientific background for its state atheism. Initially, Lamarckian principle of inheritance of acquired traits was considered a legitimate part of the evolutionary theory, and even Darwin himself recognized its importance. Although the Lamarckian hypothesis was essentially abandoned in the West by 1925, it was still a part of the Soviet ideological doctrine. Besides the fervent "old style" Darwinism of Marx and Engels (which included elements of Lamarckian theory), two other factors prevented abandonment of the Lamarckian doctrine in the USSR. First, Ivan Pavlov, who discovered conditional reflex, initially announced that conditional reflex in mice can be inherited; his subsequent withdrawal of this claim in light of new evidences didn't lead to abandonment of Lamarckian doctrine by Soviet ideologists. Second, Ivan Michurin's work on plant breeding was interpreted by him as proof of inheritance of acquired traits, which bolstered anti-Mendelian theoretical views.

Soviet agriculture around 1930 was in a crisis due to the forced collectivisation of farms, and the extermination of the kulak farmers. The resulting Soviet famine of 1932–1933 provoked the government to search for a solution to the critical lack of food. Lysenko's attack on the "bourgeois pseudoscience" of modern genetics and the proposal that plants can rapidly adjust to a changed environment suited the ideological battle in both agriculture and Soviet society. State media published enthusiastic articles such as "Siberia is transformed into a land of orchards and gardens," "Soviet people change nature" while anyone opposing Lysenko was presented as a defender of "mysticism, obscurantism and backwardness." On the same wave a number of other pseudo-scientific academics emerged to promote "new Marxist sciences", such as Olga Lepeshinskaya, "Pravda" reported about a perpetual motion engine being constructed in one Saratov factory, which confirms Engels' claim that energy dissipated in one place must concentrate in another place etc.

In the Soviet Union

Lysenko's claims

In 1928, rejecting natural selection and Mendelian genetics, Trofim Lysenko claimed to have developed agricultural techniques which could radically increase crop yields. These included vernalization, species transformation, inheritance of acquired characteristics, and vegetative hybridization. He claimed in particular that vernalization, exposing wheat seeds to humidity and low temperature, could greatly increase crop yield. He claimed further that he could transform one species, Triticum durum (durum wheat, a spring wheat), into another, Triticum vulgare (common wheat, an autumn wheat), by 2–4 years of autumn planting. Since T. durum is a tetraploid with 28 chromosomes (4 sets of 7), and T. vulgare is hexaploid with 42 chromosomes (6 sets), Western geneticists at that time already knew this was impossible.

Lysenko claimed that the concept of gene is a "bourgeois invention", he denied presence of any "immortal substance of heredity" or "clearly defined species", which he claimed belong to metaphysics rather than strictly materialist Marxist science. Instead, he proposed a "Marxist genetics" postulating unlimited ability of transformation of living organisms by mere environmental changes, which complied with Marxian laws of dialectics ("everything changes") and suited the Party postulate that both New Soviet Man can be created, and that he has unlimited ability to transfer nature for his benefit. Lysenko refused the idea of random mutations, stating that "science is the enemy of randomness".

Lysenko further claimed that Lamarckian inheritance of acquired characteristics occurred in plants, as in the "eyes" of potato tubers, though the genetic differences in these plant parts were already known to be somatic mutations. He also claimed that when a tree is grafted, the scion permanently changes the heritable characteristics of the stock. This method of vegetative hybridization is theoretically possible through horizontal gene transfer; however, Lysenko rejected the idea of genes being the vector by which this process happens.

Rise

Isaak Izrailevich Prezent brought Lysenko to public attention, using Soviet propaganda to portray him as a genius who had developed a new, revolutionary agricultural technique. Lysenko's resulting popularity gave him a platform to denounce theoretical genetics and to promote his own agricultural practices. He was, in turn, supported by the Soviet propaganda machine, which overstated his successes, cited faked experimental results, and omitted mention of his failures.

Lysenko's political success was mostly due to his appeal to the Communist Party and Soviet ideology. Following the disastrous collectivization efforts of the late 1920s, Lysenko's "new" methods were seen by Soviet officials as paving the way to an "agricultural revolution." Lysenko himself was from a peasant family, and was an enthusiastic advocate of Leninism. The Party-controlled newspapers applauded Lysenko's "practical" efforts and questioned the motives of his critics. Lysenko's "revolution in agriculture" had a powerful propaganda advantage over the academics, who urged the patience and observation required for science. Lysenko was admitted into the hierarchy of the Communist Party, and was put in charge of agricultural affairs. He used his position to denounce biologists as "fly-lovers and people haters," and to decry the "wreckers" in biology, who he claimed were trying to disable the Soviet economy and cause it to fail. Furthermore, he denied the distinction between theoretical and applied biology and concepts such as control groups and statistics in general:

Lysenko presented himself as a follower of Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, a well-known and well-liked Soviet horticulturist, but unlike Michurin, he advocated a form of Lamarckism, insisting on using only hybridization and grafting, as non-genetic techniques.

Support from Joseph Stalin increased Lysenko's momentum and popularity. In 1935, Lysenko compared his opponents in biology to the peasants who still resisted the Soviet government's collectivization strategy, saying that by opposing his theories, the traditional geneticists were setting themselves against Marxism. Stalin was in the audience when this speech was made, and he was the first one to stand and applaud, calling out "Bravo, Comrade Lysenko. Bravo."
Joseph Stalin personally edited a speech by Lysenko in a way that reflected his support, despite his skepticism toward Lysenko's assertion that all science is class-oriented in nature. The official support emboldened Lysenko, and gave him and Prezent free rein to slander any geneticists who still spoke out against him. After the appointment of Lysenko as head of the Soviet Academy of Agricultural Sciences, classical genetics began to be publicly called "fascist science" and many of Lysenkoism's opponents, such as his former mentor Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov, were imprisoned or executed because of their denunciations, although Lysenko wasn't directly responsible for this incident.

On August 7, 1948, at the end of a week-long session organized by Lysenko and approved by Stalin, the Academy of Agricultural Sciences (VASKhNIL) announced that from that point on Lysenkoism would be taught as "the only correct theory." Soviet scientists were forced to denounce any work that contradicted Lysenko. Criticism of Lysenko was denounced as "bourgeois" or "fascist," and analogous "non-bourgeois" theories also flourished in other fields such as linguistics and art in the Soviet academy at this time. Another prominent promoter of pseudoscientific "Marxist sciences"  Olga Lepeshinskaya delivered in speech in 1950 in which she equated all of the above "heresies":

Perhaps the only opponents of Lysenkoism during Stalin's lifetime to escape liquidation were from the small community of Soviet nuclear physicists: according to Tony Judt, "it is significant that Stalin left his nuclear physicists alone and never presumed to second guess their calculations. Stalin may well have been mad but he was not stupid."

Effects

From 1934 to 1940, under Lysenko's admonitions and with Stalin's approval, many geneticists were executed (including Izrail Agol, Solomon Levit, Grigorii Levitskii, Georgii Karpechenko and Georgii Nadson) or sent to labor camps. The famous Soviet geneticist and president of the Agriculture Academy, Nikolai Vavilov, was arrested in 1940 and died in prison in 1943.

In 1936, the American geneticist Hermann Joseph Muller, who had moved to the Leningrad Institute of Genetics with his Drosophila fruit flies, was criticized as a bourgeois, capitalist, imperialist, and promoter of fascism, so he left the USSR, returning to America via Republican Spain. In 1948, genetics was officially declared "a bourgeois pseudoscience". Over 3,000 biologists were imprisoned, fired or executed for attempting to oppose Lysenkoism and genetics research was effectively destroyed until the death of Stalin in 1953. Due to Lysenkoism, crop yields in the USSR actually declined.

Fall

At the end of 1952, the situation started to change, and newspapers published articles criticizing Lysenkoism. However, the return to regular genetics slowed down in Nikita Khrushchev's time, when Lysenko showed him the supposed successes of an experimental agricultural complex. It was once again forbidden to criticize Lysenkoism, though it was now possible to express different views, and the geneticists imprisoned under Stalin were released or rehabilitated posthumously. The ban was finally waived in the mid-1960s. In the West, meanwhile, Lysenkoism increasingly became seen as pseudoscience.

Reappearance

In the 21st century, Lysenkoism is again being discussed in Russia, including in "respectable" newspapers like Kultura and by biologists. The geneticist Lev Zhivotovsky has made the unsupported claim that Lysenko helped found modern developmental biology. Discoveries in the field of epigenetics were  sometimes raised as alleged late confirmation of Lysenko theory, but in spite of the apparent high-level similarity (heritable traits passed without DNA alterations), Lysenko believed that environment-induced changes are the primary mechanism of heritability. Heritable epigenetic effects were found but are minor as compared to genetic and often unstable.

In other countries
Other countries of the Eastern Bloc accepted Lysenkoism as the official "new biology", to varying degrees.

In Communist Poland, Lysenkoism was aggressively pushed by state propaganda. State newspapers attacked "damage caused by bourgeois Mendelism-Morganism," "imperialist genetics," compared it to Mein Kampf — for example, Trybuna Ludu published an article titled "French scientists recognize superiority of Soviet science" by Pierre Daix, a French communist and chief editor of Les Lettres Françaises, who basically reworded Soviet propaganda claims, which was intended to create an impression that Lysenkoism was already accepted by the whole progressive world. The scientific community, however, opposed the introduction of Lysenkoism. Some academics accepted it for political reasons, with Wacław Gajewski being a notable and vocal opponent to forced introduction of Lysenkoism into universities. As a result he was denied contact with students, but was able to continue his scientific work at the Warsaw botanical garden. Lysenkoism was rapidly rejected starting from 1956 and the first department of genetics, at the University of Warsaw, was founded in 1958 with Gajewski as its head.

Communist Czechoslovakia adopted Lysenkoism in 1949. Jaroslav Kříženecký (1896–1964) was one of the prominent Czechoslovak geneticists opposing Lysenkoism, and when he criticized Lysenkoism in his lectures, he was dismissed from the Agricultural University in 1949 for "serving the established capitalistic system, considering himself superior to the working class, and being hostile to the democratic order of the people," and imprisoned in 1958.

In the German Democratic Republic, although Lysenkoism was taught at some of the universities, it had very little impact on science due to the actions of a few scientists (for example, the geneticist and fierce critic of Lysenkoism, Hans Stubbe) and information exchange with West Berlin research institutions. Nonetheless, Lysenkoist theories were found in schoolbooks as late as the dismissal of Nikita Khrushchev in 1964.

Lysenkoism dominated Chinese science from 1949 until 1956, particularly during the Great Leap Forward, when, during a genetics symposium opponents of Lysenkoism were permitted to freely criticize it and argue for Mendelian genetics. In the proceedings from the symposium, Tan Jiazhen is quoted as saying "Since [the] USSR started to criticize Lysenko, we have dared to criticize him too". For a while, both schools were permitted to coexist, although the influence of the Lysenkoists remained large for several years, contributing to the Great Famine through loss of yields.

Almost alone among Western scientists, John Desmond Bernal, Professor of Physics at Birkbeck College, London, a Fellow of the Royal Society, and a communist, made an aggressive public defence of Lysenko.

See also
 Anti-intellectualism
 Deutsche Physik
 Junk science
 Pavlovian session
 Politicization of science
 Suppressed research in the Soviet Union

References

Further reading
 Denis Buican, L'éternel retour de Lyssenko, Paris, Copernic, 1978.
 Ronald Fisher, "What Sort of Man is Lysenko?" Listener, 40 (1948): 874–875. Contemporary commentary by a British evolutionary biologist (pdf format)
 Loren Graham, "Stalinist Ideology and the Lysenko Affair", in Science in Russia and the Soviet Union (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993).
 Oren Solomon Harman, "C. D. Darlington and the British and American Reaction to Lysenko and the Soviet Conception of Science." Journal of the History of Biology, Vol. 36 No. 2 (New York: Springer, 2003)
 David Joravsky, The Lysenko Affair (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
 Richard Levins and Richard Lewontin, "Lysenkoism", in The Dialectical Biologist (Boston: Harvard University Press, 1985).
 Anton Lang, "Michurin, Vavilov, and Lysenko". Science, Vol. 124 No. 3215, 1956)
 Valery N. Soyfer, Lysenko and the Tragedy of Soviet Science (New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1994).
 "The Disastrous Effects of Lysenkoism on Soviet Agriculture". Science and Its Times, ed. Neil Schlager and Josh Lauer, Vol. 6. (Detroit: Gale, 2001)

External links
 SkepDic.com – 'Lysenkoism', The Skeptic's Dictionary
 Lysenkoism, BBC Radio 4 discussion with Robert Service, Steve Jones & Catherine Merridale (In Our Time, June 5, 2008)

Anti-intellectualism
Denialism
Politics of the Soviet Union
Lamarckism
Non-Darwinian evolution
Obsolete biology theories
Political terminology
Politics of science
Pseudoscience
Science and technology in the Soviet Union
Science and technology in Ukraine
Scientific misconduct incidents
Soviet phraseology
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic

Lysenkoism


Christa Wolf (18 Mart 1929 - 1 Aralık 2011), Alman yazar. Doğu Almanya'nde (Doğu Almanya) yaşamış ve sosyalizmi benimsemiş romancı, edebiyat eleştirmeni, deneme yazarı.

Hayatı

Christa Ihlenfeld, Otto ve Herta Ihlenfeld'in kızı olarak Landsberg, Almanya'da (şu an Polonya sınırları içindeki Gorzów Wielkopolski'de) 18 Mart 1929'da doğdu.

1949 yılında üye olduğu Sovyet yanlısı Sosyalist Birlik Partisini ve devletin uyguladığı baskıyı eleştirdi. 1989-90'da parti üyeliğinden ayrıldı. Jena ve Leipzig'de Germanistik öğrenimi gördü. 1993 yılında açıklanan belgeler 1959-61 arasında Stasi için muhbir olarak çalıştığını göstermektedir.

Birçok eserinde DAC yönetimine dolaylı yoldan eleştirilerini sürdürdü. Örneğin Kassandra adlı eserinde öykü tamamiyle Truva'da geçmektedir. Ancak Yunanlarla Truva'lılar arasında geçen savaşın doğu ve batı bloklarının savaşını andıran özelliklerini ortaya çıkarıp değerlendirmektedir.

Demokratik Alman Cumhuriyeti döneminde devlet yönetimini açıkça eleştirdiği halde yazar Karl Marx'ın öğretilerine bağlı kalmış ve iki Alman cumhuriyetinin birleşmesine karşı çıkmıştır.

Eserleri
Moskauer Novelle, 1961
Der geteilte Himmel, (Bölünmüş Cennet) 1963
Nachdenken über Christa T., 1968 (Christa T.yi arayış) (ISBN 3-630-62032-9)
Kassandra, 1983 (ISBN 3-423-11870-9)
Medea: Stimmen, 1996 (ISBN 3-423-25157-3)
Ein Tag im Jahr. 1960-2000, 2003 (ISBN 3-630-87149-6) Leseprobe (Vorwort und Eintrag für 1960)
Mit anderem Blick. Erzählungen 2005 Suhrkamp (ISBN 3-518-41720-7)

Kaynakça

1929 doğumlular
Lubusz Voyvodalığı doğumlular
2011 yılında ölenler
Berlin'de ölenler
Doğu Alman yazarlar
Alman hikâye yazarları
Alman deneme yazarları
Alman edebiyat eleştirmenleri
20. yüzyıl Alman roman yazarları
20. yüzyıl deneme yazarları
Georg Büchner Ödülü sahipleri
Leipzig Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
Almanya Sosyalist Birlik Partisi mensubu siyasetçiler
Heinrich Mann Ödülü sahipleri
Schiller Ödülü sahipleri
Friedrich Schiller Üniversitesi Jena'da öğrenim görenler

Christa Wolf


O USS Baltimore foi um cruzador pesado operado pela Marinha dos Estados Unidos e a primeira embarcação da Classe Baltimore. Sua construção começou em maio de 1941 nos estaleiros da Bethlehem Shipbuilding e foi lançado ao mar em julho de 1942, sendo comissionado na frota norte-americana em abril do ano seguinte. Era armado com uma bateria principal composta por nove canhões de 203 milímetros montados em três torres de artilharia triplas, tinha um deslocamento carregado de mais de dezessete mil toneladas e alcançava uma velocidade máxima de 33 nós.

O Baltimore entrou em serviço no meio da Segunda Guerra Mundial e foi enviado para lutar na Guerra do Pacífico. Foi encarregado de atuar na escolta de porta-aviões e em ações de bombardeio litorâneo, desempenhando estas funções em diversas operações durante as Campanhas das Ilhas Gilbert e Marshall, Ilhas Marianas e Palau, Nova Guiné, Filipinas e Ilhas Vulcano e Ryūkyū, incluindo nas Batalhas de Kwajalein, Saipã, Mar das Filipinas, Iwo Jima e Okinawa. A guerra terminou em 1945 e o navio foi descomissionado em julho de 1946, sendo mantido inativo na reserva.

O Baltimore foi recomissionado em novembro de 1951, sendo designado para atuar na Frota do Atlântico. Pelos três anos seguintes fez várias viagens de serviço no Mar Mediterrâneo, enquanto em junho de 1953 representou a Marinha dos Estados Unidos durante a revista oficial em celebração da coroação da rainha Isabel II do Reino Unido. Foi transferido para a Frota do Pacífico no início de 1955 e atuou pelo Sudeste Asiático. Foi descomissionado em maio de 1956 e permaneceu inativo na reserva até ser removido do registro naval em 1971 e desmontado no ano seguinte.

Ligações externas

Classe Baltimore
Navios de 1942
Navios construídos em Massachusetts
Navios construídos pela Bethlehem Shipbuilding
Cruzadores da Marinha dos Estados Unidos
Cruzadores dos Estados Unidos na Segunda Guerra Mundial

USS Baltimore (CA-68)


Zeničko polje je polje u Bosni. Nalazi se u središtu u Sarajevsko-zeničkoj kotlini. Smješteno je na prosječnoj nadmorskoj visini od 350 metara. Sjevernu mu granicu čini Vrandučka sutjeska, a na jugu Vrandučka sutjeska. Kroz njega protječu tri rijeke od kojih je najveća Bosna. Nalazi se u središnjem zemljopisnom položaju u državi Bosni i Hercegovini.

Izvori

Riječne doline u Bosni i Hercegovini
Zenica

Zeničko polje


හමුරාබිගේ නීති සංග්‍රහය () යනු, පුරාතන මෙසපොටේමියාවෙහි ක්‍රිපූ 1754 (මධ්‍යම කාලානුක්‍රමය) පමණ ඈතට කාල නිර්ණය කෙරෙන, හොඳින් සංරක්ෂිතව ඇති බැබිලෝනියානු  නීති සංග්‍රහයකි. සැලකිය යුතු තරම් දිගැති ලෝකයේ පැරණිතම කියවා තේරුම්ගත් ලියැවිලි අතරින් එය එකකි. සයවන බැබිලෝනියානු රජුවූ හමුරාබි විසින් මෙම නීති සංග්‍රහය ප්‍රඥප්ත කරන ලද අතර, අඩි හතක් සහ අඟල් හයක් උසැති ශිලාමය  ලිපි ටැඹක  සහ බොහෝ මැටි පුවරු වල එහි අසම්පූර්ණ පිටපත් පවතියි. නීති සංග්‍රහය සමන්විත වන්නේ නීති 282 වෙතින් වන අතර, සමාජ තත්තවය අනුව මෙන්ම වහලෙක්ද නිදහස් මිනිසෙක්ද යන්න අනුව "ඇසකට ඇසක්ය,  දතකට දතක්ය" (ලෙක්ස් ටලියෝනිස්) යන්න ශ්‍රේණිගත කොට පරිමාණිත දඬුවම් එහි දක්වා ඇත.

නීති සංග්‍රහයෙහි අඩක් පමණ වෙන් වන්නේ, නිදසුනක් වශයෙන් ගවයන් බැඳි රථ පදවන්නෙකු හෝ  ශල්‍යවෛද්‍යවරයෙකු වෙත ගෙවිය යුතු වැටුප් නියම කිරීම වැනි, කොන්ත්‍රාත්තු සම්බන්ධ කරුණු වෙනුවෙනි.  අනෙක් විධිවිධාන විසින්  ගනුදෙනුවක කොන්දේසි නියම කර දැක්වුනු අතර, නිදසුනක් වශයෙන් කඩා වැටුනු නිවසක් තැනූ තැනැත්තේ වෙත හෝ අනෙකෙකු භාරයේ තැබුනු විට හානියට පත්වූ වත්කමක් හෝ පිළිබඳ බැරකම  දක්වා තිබුණි. නීති සංග්‍රහයෙන් තුනෙන් එකක් විසින්  ප්‍රවේණිය, දික්කසාදය, පීතෘත්වය, සහ ලිංගික චර්යාව වැනි ගෘහීය සහ පවුල ආශ්‍රිත සම්බන්ධතා පිළිබඳ ගැටළු කෙරෙහි අවධානය යොමු කර තිබුණි. එක් විධිවිධානයක් විසින් පමණක් නිලධාරියෙක් විසින් දැරිය යුතු වගකීම් පනවා තිබුණු බවක් පෙනෙයි; මෙම විධිවිධානය විසින් නියම කර තිබුණේ සාවද්‍ය තීරණයක් දෙනු ලබන විනිශ්චයකාරයෙක් වෙත දඩ පමුණුවා විනිශ්චයාසනයෙන් ස්ථීර ලෙසින් ඉවත් කල යුතු බවයි.  විධිවිධාන ස්වල්පයක් විසින් හමුදා සේවාව ආශ්‍රිත ගැටළු පිළිබඳ අවධානය යොමු කර තිබුණි.

නූතන පුරාවිද්‍යාඥයින් විසින් 1901 වසරෙහිදී එය සොයාගන්නා ලද අතර, එහි  පළමු මුද්‍රිත පිටපත් පරිවර්තනය 1902 වසරෙහිදී ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කෙරුණේ  ජොන්-වෙන්සන්ට් ෂිල් විසිනි. නීති සංග්‍රහයෙහි සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම පාහේ  පරිපූර්ණ මෙම ආදර්ශය,  අති විශාල  දබරැඟිල්ලක හැඩය ගත් , 2.25 මී (7.4 අඩි) උසැති බැසෝල්ට් ලිපි ටැඹක  කැටයම් කොට තිබුණි. කීලාකාර අක්ෂර භාවිතයෙන්  ඇකේඩියානු බසින් නීති සංග්‍රහය ලිපි ටැඹ වෙත කැටයම් කොට තිබුණි. එය දැනට ලූවර් කෞතුකාගාරයෙහි ප්‍රදර්ශනයට තබා ඇති අතර, තථ්‍ය ප්‍රතිමූර්තීන්  චිකාගෝ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙහි ඔරියන්ටල් ඉන්ස්ටිට්‍යුට් හීද, කැන්සාස් විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයීය වෛද්‍ය කේන්ද්‍රයෙහි ක්ලෙන්ඩනිං හිස්ට්‍රි ඔෆ් මෙඩිසින් පුස්තකාලය හා කෞතුකාගාරය වෙතද, නෙදර්ලන්තයෙහි   රෙපරමාදු සභාවන්හී  දේවධර්ම විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙහි (ලන්දේසි: තියෝලෝගිස්ක යුනිවර්සිටයිට් කම්පෙන් වෝර් ඩි  ගරිෆොර්මියඩ් කර්කේන්) පුස්තකාලයෙහිද, බර්ලිනයෙහි    පර්ගමන් කෞතුකාගාරයෙහිද, බෙල්ජියමෙහි ලූහන් විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙහි කලා පීඨයෙහිද සහ, ටෙහෙරානයෙහි   ඉරානයෙහි ජාතික කෞතුකාගාරයෙහිද තැන්පත් කර ඇත.

ඉතිහාසය

මධ්‍යම කාලානුක්‍රමය පරිදී,  ක්‍රිපූ 1792 සිට 1749 දක්වා පමණ,  වසර  42 කට කිට්ටු කාලයක්, හමුරාබි රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කලේය.

ආශ්‍රිත

හමුරාබිගේ නීති සංග්‍රහය


Norskov er en dansk krimidrama-tv-serie skrevet af Dunja Gry Jensen. Den havde premiere den 21. september 2015 på TV 2. Serien er filmet i Frederikshavn. Den følger politimanden Tom Noack, der vender tilbage til sin barndomsby Norskov – en industriby i det nordlige Danmark – for at efterforske byens narkokriminalitet.

Seriens forfatter Dunja Gry Jensen har sagt om Norskov: "Med Norskov har jeg ønsket at skabe en politiserie, som er mere drama end krimi. Min opmærksomhed er mere på karaktererne og deres relationer end på krimiplot og action. Jeg er nysgerrig på efterforskernes dagligdag, politiet som en del af lokalsamfundet og politistationen som arbejdsplads."

Norskov havde seergennemsnit på 634.000. Den 27. november 2015 meddelte TV 2 at serien stopper efter første sæson pga. manglende seere. Den 10. februar 2017 annoncerede TV 2 at Norskov vender tilbage med en ny sæson på seks afsnit. Ifølge fiktionschef, Katrine Vogelsang, skyldes dette at "efterspørgslen har været enorm" ligesom den har været populær på TV 2 Play.

Baggrund
Seriens hovedforfatter Dunja Gry Jensen ønskede med Norskov at skabe en politiserie med fokus på "karaktererne og deres relationer end på krimiplot og action." Ifølge Dunja Gry Jensen, er serien inspireret af Matador og The Wire, med dens "brede samfundsportræt af mange forskellige typer, der skal fungere sammen i et byfællesskab" på den ene side, og "en autentisk skildring af både politiets arbejde og af et Underdanmark" på den anden side.

Norskov blev optaget on location i Frederikshavn fra januar til september 2015. Den er produceret af SF Film Production, og er blevet solgt til visning på bl.a. NRK i Norge, TV4 i Sverige samt fransk-tyske Arte.

Modtagelse
Norskov fik gode anmeldelser. Soundvenue skrev at den "peger spændende steder hen for dansk tv-fiktion", og kaldte den for den vigtigste danske tv-serie i mange år. Serien er blevet rost for den skildrings af en by i provinsen eller i Udkantsdanmark. Anita Brask Rasmussen fra Dagbladet Information skrev at folkene bag Norskov har "skabt et velgennemtænkt, veltilrettelagt og veludført stykke provinsportræt, der med forbrydelsen som katalysator tydeliggør de samfundsstrukturer, som vi alle lever i." Berlingskes anmelder Kristian Lindberg skrev, at "Dunja Gry Jensens intention om at lave en lokalt forankret krimi med en sammenfletning af flere miljøer er lykkedes godt". Mere kritisk var Henrik Queitsch fra Ekstra Bladet, der kaldte serien for "dræbende kedsommeligt".

Efter første afsnit fik serien kritik for at dialogen var vanskelig at høre, hvilket ifølge TV 2 skyldes "en mere kompleks og stemningsmættet lydside frem for et mere enkelt udtryk, hvor dialogen er i centrum". Derfor valgte TV 2 at tekste kommende afsnit, ligesom man ville forbedre "balancen mellem dialog, reallyde og musik".

Medvirkende
 Thomas Levin – Tom Noack, politimand
 Claus Riis Østergaard – Martin Kierkegaard, borgmester
 Anne Sofie Espersen – Jackie Noack, Toms søster
 Jakob Ulrik Lohmann – Casper "Bonden" Bondesen, entreprenør
 Henrik Birch – Steen Brammer, politimand
 Mette Marckmann – Ulla Hjort, stationsleder
 Annemette Andersen – Diana Bondesen, Caspers søster og mor til Oliver
 Mathias Käki Jørgensen – Oliver Bondesen, Dianas søn
 Marijana Jankovic – Claudia Bondesen, Caspers kone
 Pia Jondal – Susanne Noack, Tom og Jackies mor

Afsnit

Sæson 1

Sæson 2

Priser og nomineringer

Robert

Svendprisen

Billed-Bladets TV-Guld

Tv-prisen

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger
 Norskovs officielle hjemmeside
 Norskov på tv2.dk

Krimiserier fra Danmark
Dramaserier fra Danmark
Danske tv-serier fra 2010'erne

Norskov


Yenitaşlı, Kırklareli ilinin Lüleburgaz ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1928'den beri aynı adı taşımaktadır.

Coğrafya
Köy, Kırklareli il merkezine 55 km, Lüleburgaz ilçe merkezine 8 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Lüleburgaz belde ve köyleri

Yenitaşlı, Lüleburgaz


Liang Daoming (kinesisk: 梁道明; pinyin: Liáng Dàomíng; Kantonesisk: Lèuhng Douh-mìng) var en flygtning fra Ming-dynastiet i Kina, der blev konge af Palembang i Srivijaya. Han stammede fra Guangdong-provinsen og var af kantonesisk afstamning. Ifølge Ming-optegnelserne havde han tusindvis af tilhængere og en betydelig militær styrke i Palembang. Liang Daomings styre over Palembang blev anerkendt af Ming-kejseren og beskyttet af Zheng Hes armada (1403-1424).

Noter

Kinas historie
Konger
Personer i 1900-tallet

Liang Daoming


Lucile Randon FdC (Alès, 11 de fevereiro de 1904 – Toulon, 17 de janeiro de 2023), também conhecida pelo seu nome religioso Irmã André, foi uma supercentenária francesa, foi a freira mais velha conhecida e a pessoa mais velha do mundo desde a morte de Kane Tanaka até sua morte em 17 de janeiro de 2023.

Biografia
Cresceu em uma família não religiosa, mas se converteu ao catolicismo, aos 19 anos. Ainda jovem, trabalhou como governanta. Começou a trabalhar em um hospital aos 25 anos, cuidando de idosos e crianças órfãs. Ela se juntou à ordem de caridade católica "Filhas da Caridade", em 1944, e tomou o nome de Irmã André em homenagem ao seu irmão falecido. Em 2009, ela se mudou para uma casa de repouso em Toulon, França.

Quando ela completou 115 anos, o Papa Francisco lhe enviou uma carta pessoal e um rosário abençoado.

Em 16 de janeiro de 2021, testou positivo para COVID-19 em um surto em sua casa de repouso em Toulon, que viu 81 dos 88 moradores infectados com a doença. Não apresentou nenhum sintoma e, em 8 de fevereiro, poucos dias antes de seu aniversário de 117 anos, foi relatado que ela tinha conseguido recuperar, tornando-a na pessoa mais velha confirmada a ter sido infectada e a sobreviver ao vírus.

Randon morreu em 17 de janeiro de 2023, aos 118 anos de idade, em Toulon.

Ligações externas

Naturais de Alès
Freiras católicas da França
Supercentenários da França
Decanos da Humanidade
Enfermeiros

Lucile Randon


قائمة بالأبطال في 1931 البطولات الوطنية الأمريكية لكرة المضرب (المعروفة الآن باسم أمريكا المفتوحة):

الكبار

فردي رجال

 إلسورث فاينس هزم  جورج لوت 7-9 6-3 9-7 7-5

فردي سيدات

 هيلين ويلز مودي هزم  إيلين بانيت وايتنغستال 6-4, 6-1

مراجع

الرياضة في مدينة نيويورك في 1931
أحداث أغسطس 1931 الرياضية
أحداث سبتمبر 1931 الرياضية
البطولات الوطنية الأمريكية (كرة مضرب) حسب السنة
كرة المضرب في 1931
كرة مضرب أمريكية في 1931

البطولات الوطنية الأمريكية 1931 (كرة مضرب)


السلاح الجوي الملكي  هو سلاح الجو التابع للقوات المسلحة البريطانية. أسس سلاح الجو الملكي في 1 أبريل 1918. اعتبارا من 31 مارس 2008 يستخدم سلاح الجو الملكي ما يقارب 850 طائرة، ويتضمن 41,440 فرد متدرب. معظم قوات سلاح الجو الملكي تتمركز في بريطانيا ولكن حاليا تنتشر نسبة من قواتها في أنحاء العالم خاصة في العراق، والشرق الأوسط، والبلقان، وجنوب المحيط الأطلنطي لمساندة القوات المسلحة البريطانية هناك. أيضا في جزر فوكلاند حيث تعسكر قوة هناك. لسلاح الجو الملكي أيضا معسكرات دائمة في كل من قطر، وعمان، وألمانيا، وقبرص، وجبل طارق.

مخزون الطائرات

سلاح الجو الملكي

! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|الطائرة
! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|بلد الأصل
! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|النوع
! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|الطراز
! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|في الخدمة
! style="text-align: right; background: #aacccc;"|ملاحظات
|----
| أيروسباتيل بوما ||    || مروحية نقل || HC1 || 295 || رخصة تصنيع كالمروحية ويست لاند بوما.
|----
| أغستا إيه دبليو 109 ||  || مروحية نقل للشخصيات المهمة || - || 3 ||
|----
| أغستاوستلاند مارلن ||  || مروحية مساندة|| HC3HC3A|| 226 ||-مكتسبة من القوات الجوية الهولندية
|----
| بي إيه إي - 125 ||  || طائرة نقل للشخصيات المهمة || CC3 || 6 ||
|----
| بي إيه إي - 146 ||  || طائرة نقل للشخصيات المهمة || CC2 || 2 ||
|----
| بي إيه إي هارير ||  || طائرة هجومية || GR7GR9T12 || 373010 || جميع الطائرات طراز GR7 سيتم تطويرها إلى الطراز GR9.
|----
| بيتش كرافت كينج آير بي - 200 ||  || طائرة تدريبية || - || 9 ||
|----
| بيل جريفن ||  || مروحية تدريبيةمروحية إنقاذ|| HT1HAR2 || 114 ||
|----
| بوينغ شينوك ||  || مروحية نقل ثقيل || HC2HC2A || 346 || 8 مروحيات أخرى سيتم توريدهم بحلول عام 2009
|----
| بوينغ سي-17 غلوب ماستر 3 ||  || طائرة نقل إستراتيجي || - || 6 ||
|----
| إي - 3 سينتري ||  || طائرة إنذار مبكر|| AEW1 || 7 ||
|----
| بريتين - نورمان أيسلاندير ||  || نقل || CC2CC2a || 11 ||
|----
| دايموند دي إيه - 42 توين ستار ||  || استطلاع || - || - ||اثنان تحت الطلب
|----
| إيروكوبتر سكيويرر ||  || مروحية تدريبية|| HT1 || 22 ||
|----
| يوروفايتر تايفون ||  || مقاتلة متعددة المهام|| T1/T1A/T3F2FGR4 || 162312 || 232 سيتم شرائهم.
|----
| جينيرال أتوميكس إم كيو - 9 رايبر ||  || مركبة قتال جوي غير مسماه || - || 2 ||11 أخرى تم طلبهم
|----
| جروب توتور ||  || طائرة تدريبية || T1 || 94 ||
|----
| جروب فايكين ||  || طائرة تدريبية شراعية|| T1 || 82 ||
|----
| جروب جي - 109 ||  || طائرة تدريبية || T1 || 64 ||
|----
| بي إيه إي - 125 ||  || طائرة تدريبية || T1 || 11 ||
|----
| هاوكير سايدلي هاوك ||  || طائرة تدريبية || T1/T1A || 109 ||
|----
| هاوكير سيديلي نمرود ||  || دورية بحرية/إشارات المخابرات || R1MR2 || 315
|----
| سي 130 هيركوليز ||  || طائرة نقل تيكتيكي || C1C3C4C5 || 3171410 ||
|----
| لوكهيد إل-1011 تراى ستار ||  || نقل/طائرة ملء وقود || K1KC1C2C2A || 2421
|----
| بانافيا تورنادو ||  || دفاع جويمهاجمة/استطلاع || F3GR4/GR4A|| 65130 ||
|----
| رايثون سينتينيل ||  || رادار محمول جوا|| R1 || 4 || واحدة أخرى تم طلبها
|----
| شورت توناكو ||  || طائرة تدريبية || T1 || 95 ||
|----
| سلينج سبي تي - 67 فاير فلاي ||  || طائرة تدريبية أولية|| - || - || يستخدمها مدرسة الدفاع لتعليم الطيران الابتدائي (DEFTS).
|----
| فيكيرز في سي - 10 ||  || طائرة ملء وقود || C1KK3K4 || 942 ||
|----
| ويست لاند سي كينج ||  || مروحية إنقاذ || HAR3HAR3A || 196 ||
|}

معرض صور

انظر ايضًا
 أندي غرين
 فيلق الجيش الملكي النسائي
 سلاح الجو الملكي النسائي
 نانسي سالمون
 آن ستيفنز (ضابط في سلاح الجو الملكي النسائي)

مصادر

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي سلاح الجو الملكي

القوات الجوية الملكية البريطانية
القوات المسلحة البريطانية
تأسيسات سنة 1918 في المملكة المتحدة
عسكرية المملكة المتحدة
بريطانيا
منظمات برعاية ملكية مقرها المملكة المتحدة
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية أسست في 1918
وزارة الدفاع (المملكة المتحدة)

سلاح الجو الملكي


Vänern Gölü İsveç'in Västra Götaland ve Värmland illeri arasında yer alan İsveç'in en, Avrupa'nın ise Ladoga ve Onega göllerinden sonra üçüncü büyük gölüdür.

Tarihi
Jeolojik olarak Vänern 10,000 yıl öncesinde, dünyanın yaşadığı son buzul çağından sonra oluşmuştur.  Buzların erimesiyle İsveç topraklarının büyük bölümünün sular altında kalmıştı ve gölün bugün olduğu yer Botni Körfezi ile Kattegat arasında bir boğaz görevi görüyordu. Daha sonraki çağlarda suların çekilmeye başlaması ile birlikte Vänern ve Vättern gibi göller oldukça küçüldü. Bunun sonucunda bugün bile, tatlı su bölgelerinde görülmeyen buzul çağından kalma türlere rastlanabilmektedir.

Coğrafyası
Vänern Gölü 5,655 kilometrekarelik bir alan kaplar. Deniz seviyesinden 44 metre yüksekte yer alır ve ortalama derinliği 27 metredir. Ölçülen en derin yeri 106 metredir. Gölün orta kesimlerinde yer alan Djorö takımadaları son yıllarda millî park statüsüne çıkarılmıştır. Gölün güneydoğusunda yer alan Kinnekulle Dağı popüler bir turizm alanıdır. Yüksekliği 270 metre olan dağdan göl tamamı ile görülebilir.

Çevre
Gölde en çok yetişen balık türü Osmerus'tur. 1 Hektara 2,600 balık düşer. Bir başka yaygın balık türü somon olup, bu gölde yetişen somonların ağırlığı 15 kilogramı aşabilmektedir. Dünyanın bilinen, yakalanmış en büyük somonu 20 kilogramlık ağırlığı ile Vänern Gölü'nden çıkarılmıştır. Çevrede en yaygın kuş türleri ise deniz kırlangıcı ve martılardır.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Oluşumlarına göre Türkiye'nin gölleri listesi
 Türkiye'deki göller

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Gölün resmî sitesi
 Vänern Gölü rehberi

İsveç'teki göller

Vänern Gölü


Washington Spirit er en amerikansk professionel fodboldklub, der er hjemmehørende i Germantown, Maryland og deltager i National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Holdet er en fortsættelse af D.C. United Women fra W-League.

Aktuel trup

|}

Referencer

Kvindefodboldklubber i USA

Washington Spirit


Die Qualifikation zum Thomas Cup 2012 des amerikanischen Kontinentalverbandes fand vom 17. bis zum 19. Februar 2012 in El Monte statt.

Gruppe A

Endstand

Ergebnisse

Gruppe B

Endstand

Ergebnisse

Endrunde

Weblinks
Thomas Cup - PanAm

2012 Qualifikation Amerika
Badminton 2012
Badmintonwettbewerb in den Vereinigten Staaten
Sportveranstaltung in Kalifornien
El Monte (Kalifornien)

Thomas Cup 2012/Qualifikation Amerika


تقع بلدية بكوش لخضر جنوب شرق ولاية سكيكدة تحدها بلدية بن عزوز شمالا، جنوبا بلديتي الركنية وبوعاتي محمود (ولاية قالمة)، شرقا العلمة وبلدية برحال (ولاية عنابة) وغربا بلدية عين شرشار وجزء من بلدية السبت.

تعتبر البلدية بوابة من الجهة الجنوبية الشرقية ورابطا بين ولاية سكيكدة، ولاية عنابة وولاية قالمة إذ تتربع المنطقة على مساحة 153 كم.

السكان

يعمر البلدية 15293 نسمة حسب إحصاءات عام 2008، مقسمة على تجمعات سكانية أساسية كما يلي:
 بكوش لخضر 7868 نسمة.
 مكاسة 3003 نسمة.
 سيدي سعيد 2157 نسمة.
كما تضم البلدية 10 مداشر يعمرها 2265 نسمة

أصل تسمية المنطقة

منطقة بكوش لخضر كانت تسمى سابقا «زيت العنبة» وسميت بعد الاحتلال "Gastu"نسبة للضابط الفرنسي الذي توفي في عين المنطقة كما أطلق عليها اسم «زيت النبع» لما عرفت به المنطقة من غنى في إنتاج زيت الزيتون فيعتبر هذا الأخير الاسم الأصلي للمنطقة، لكن لظروف ونزاعات بين المشرفين على التسمية فضلوا أن تحمل المنطقة اسم شهيد «بكوش لخضر» من مواليد عين الزويت بناحية القل والذي استشهد سنة 1958 بالمحيقل بضواحي بلدية السبت في مليلة.

تاريخها

هي مدينة عريقة حيث تتواجد بها ثروات أثرية كالمقبرة المعروفة باسم «مقبرة الرومية» التي تعود إلى حقبة تاريخية قديمة جدا بالإضافة إلى ما وجد من آثار سنة 1970 لعظام رجال عمالقة كما أن المنطقة شهدت عديد المعارك مع المستعمر الفرنسي إذ استولي على 95 بالمئة من الأراضي الصالحة للمنطقة كونها منطقة فلاحية بالدرجة الأولى وقد ضحت بعديد من أبطالها في سبيل الوطن إبان الثورة التحريرية المجيدة.

أهم مشاريعها

يعتبر سد زيت العنبة مشروع القرن بالنسبة للمنطقة إذ تقدر سعته بـ 120 مليون متر مكعب إذ يعتبر مكسبا للمنطقة ومصدر ري للفلاحين ومنبع شرب العديد من المناطق.

مراجع

بلديات ولاية سكيكدة

بكوش لخضر