Ahmet Taşçı (d. 15 Ekim 1958, Karamürsel, Kocaeli), Türkiye yağlı güreş başpehlivanı.

Karamürsel'e 2. altın kemeri getiren ve bu dalda hem kendisine hem de ilçeye bir rekor kazandıran Türkiye Başpehlivanı Ahmet Taşçı, Laz kökenli bir ailenin çocuğu olarak Karamürsel'de doğdu.

Taşçı, 25 yaşına kadar sporla pek ilgilenmedi. Önceleri serbest olarak çalıştı. 1982'de İzmit'te bir lastik fabrikasına işçi olarak girdi. 1985 yılında güreşmeye karar verip ustası Kadir Birlik'in antrenmanlarına katılınca fabrikadan ayrıldı. Taşçı, geç başlamasına rağmen bu spora çok çabuk ısındı ve sevdi; gücü ve kuvveti sayesinde de yağlı güreşe intibakı zor olmadı. Kısa süre sonra çayırlara çıkmaya başladı. Türk yağlı güreşseverleri, Taşçı'yı böyle tanıdı.

Ahmet Taşçı, 1986 yılında Kırkpınar'da büyük orta birinciliğini, 1987 yılında başaltı birinciliğini, 1988'de başpehlivanlık beşinciliğini, 1989'da da başpehlivanlık üçüncülüğü elde etti. Ahmet Taşçı, gücü ve kuvvetiyle yeşil sahaların bir devi olma yoluna girmişti artık. Rakipleri, etkili fiziği ve acı kuvveti karşısında pek tutunamıyorlardı. Taşçı, 1990 yılında, Kırkpınar Türkiye Başpehlivanlık Yağlı Güreşleri'nde; ilk turda Recep Kılıç'ı, 2. turda Saffet Kayalı'yı, 3. turda Bülent Gürbüz'ü, 4. turda Reşit Karabacak'ı, finalde ise ustası Kadir Birlik'i yenerek Türkiye başpehlivanı oldu ve altın kemeri boynuna astı. Ahmet Taşçı, artık o altın kemeri, tıpkı Aydın Demir gibi boynundan hiç indirmeyecekti.

Ünlü güreşçi, 1991 yılındaki Kırkpınar güreşlerinde; Bekir Şahin'i ilk turda, Reşit Karabacak'ı ikinci turda (üçüncü turu boş çekerek atladı), Cengiz Elbeye'yi dördüncü turda, Bülent Gürbüz'ü de finalde mağlup ederek ikinci başpehlivalık kürsüsüne çıktı.

Yeşil sahalarda bir yıldız olan Taşçı, Türkiye'nin yağlı güreş yapılan bütün bölgelerine davet edilmeye başlandı. Bu güreşlerde de birincilikler ve ödüller birbirini kovaladı.

1992 yılı Kırkpınar güreşleri çok önemliydi Ahmet Taşçı için. Bu güreşler için aylarca süren antrenmanlara girdi. Yine iyi bir formla Kırkpınar'da rakiplerinin karşısına dikildi. Tur sayısına göre Reşit Karabacak'ı, Bülent Gürbüz'ü, Cengiz Elbeye'yi, Saffet Kayalı'yı ve finalde de Abdullah Ersoy'u devirerek, altın kemerin temelli sahibi olduğunu tescil ve ilan etti.

Kırkpınar Yağlı Güreşleri'nde, Karamürsel'e üçüncü; kendisine ikinci altın kemeri kazandırmak için kararlı ve gayretli olan Ahmet Taşçı, 1993 yılında üst üste dördüncü kez Kırkpınar Başpehlivanlığı unvanını kazanarak yeni bir rekorunda sahibi oldu. Taşçı 1993 yılında, İbrahim Gümüş, Mehmet Gökçen, Necmi Koç ve Sezgin Yüksel'i yenerek ikinci altın kemerle buluştu.

Genç güreşçi, aynı yıl, 3 yıl üst üste kazandığı Tarihi Elmalı Yağlı Pehlivan Güreşleri altın kemerini de kazandı.

1992 yılında evlenen sahaların devi ve aynı zamanda sempatik tavırları güreşseverlerin sevgisini kazanan Ahmet Taşçı, sade ve düzenli hayat sürmektedir. Cengiz Elbeye ile saha içinde çok çetin güreşler yaparak defalarca rakip olan Ahmet Taşçı'nın Cengiz Elbeye ile dostluğu herkes tarafından bilinmekte olup güreş tarihindeki kardeşlik ve centilmenlik kültürünü göstermişlerdir.

Ahmet Taşçı'nın Kırkpınar başpehlivanlıkları şu şekildedir;

 1990 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1991 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1992 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1993 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1995 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1996 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1997 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 1999 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
 2000 yılında Kırkpınar başpehlivanlığı
Ahmet Taşçı'nın Kurtdereli başpehlivanlıkları şu şekildedir;

 1990 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1991 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1992 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1993 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1994 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1996 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 1997 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı
 2003 yılında Kurtdereli başpehlivanlığı

Türkiye'de yağlı güreş oteritelerinin bir görüşüne göre; eğer Ahmet Taşçı çocuk yaşta güreşe başlamış olsaydı bu kırılması ve başarılması güç rekorları kadar daha başarı elde edebilirdi.

Onun dayanıklılığı ve inatçı güreşi ona bu başarıyı getirdi. Ahmet taşçı, geçmişin muhteşem zaferlerinden uzak da olsa aktif güreş yaşamına devam etmektedir. 10 Mart 2010 tarihli "Orhan Ayhan'la Spor" adlı programda Kel Aliço'nun 56 yaşında başpehlivanlık kazanarak kırdığı rekoru kırmak istediğini ve bunun için çok çalıştığını söylemiştir.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Kırkpınar başpehlivanları
 Kurtdereli başpehlivanları

Kaynakça

1958 doğumlular
Türk erkek güreşçiler
Yaşayan insanlar
Yağlı güreşçiler
Kırkpınar başpehlivanları
Resim aranan sporcular
Karamürsel doğumlular

Ahmet Taşçı


<noinclude>
الأقمشة النانوية هي منسوجات مصممة باستخدام جزيئات صغيرة تمنح المواد العادية خصائص مفيدة مثل الكراهية الفائقة للمياه (مقاومة شديدة للماء، اطلع أيضًا على مقالة «تأثير زهرة اللوتس»)، وإزالة الرائحة والرطوبة، وزيادة المرونة والقوة، ومقاومة البكتيريا. تبعًا للخاصية المطلوبة، تُصنع الأقمشة النانوية إما من ألياف بمقاييس نانومترية تسمى الألياف النانوية، أو تُشكل عن طريق تطبيق محلول يحتوي على جسيمات نانوية على نسيج عادي. تعد جهود الأبحاث في مجال الأقمشة النانوية متعددة التخصصات، وتشمل الهندسة الحيوية، والكيمياء الجزيئية، والفيزياء، والهندسة الكهربائية، وعلوم الحاسب، وهندسة الأنظمة. تطبيقات الأقمشة النانوية قادرة على إحداث ثورة في تصنيع النسيج ومجالات الطب مثل توصيل الدواء وهندسة الأنسجة.

مقدمة
يُعرف الليف الذي يقل عرضه عن 1000 نانومتر (1000 نم أو 1 مكم) بصورة عامة على أنه ليف نانوي. يُعرف الجسيم النانوي بأنه مجموعة صغيرة من الذرات أو الجزيئات التي يقل نصف قطرها عن 100 نانومتر (1000 نم). الجسيمات عند مستوى المقياس النانومتري لها نسبة مساحة سطح إلى الحجم عالية جدًا، في حين أن هذه النسبة أقل بكثير بالنسبة للأجسام ذات المقاييس العيانية. تعني المساحة السطحية النسبية العالية وجود نسبة كبيرة من كتلة الجسيم على سطحه، لذلك تظهر الألياف النانوية والجسيمات النانوية مستوى أكبر من التفاعل مع المواد الأخرى. نسبة مساحة السطح إلى الحجم العالية الملحوظة في الجسيمات الصغيرة جدًا هي التي تجعل من الممكن خلق العديد من الخصائص الخاصة التي تظهرها الأقمشة النانوية.

أصبح استخدام الجسيمات النانوية والألياف النانوية لإنتاج أقمشة نانوية متخصصة موضع اهتمام بعد تطوير تقنيات الصل-جل والغزل الكهربائي تطويرًا تامًا في الثمانينيات من القرن العشرين. منذ عام 2000، أدت الزيادات الكبيرة في التمويل العالمي إلى تسريع جهود البحث في مجال تكنولوجيا النانو، بما في ذلك أبحاث الأقمشة النانوية.

الصل-جل
تُستخدم عملية الصل-جل لإنشاء محاليل شبيهة بالهلام والتي يمكن تطبيقها على المنسوجات كطلية سائلة لإنشاء أقمشة نانوية ذات خصائص جديدة. تبدأ العملية بحل الجسيمات النانوية في مذيب سائل (غالبًا كحول). بمجرد حلها، تحدث العديد من التفاعلات الكيميائية التي تتسبب في نمو الجسيمات النانوية وإنشاءها لشبكة في جميع أنحاء السائل. تحول الشبكة المحلول إلى مادة غروانية (تعليق الجسيمات الصلبة في سائل) بنسيج هلامي. أخيرًا، يجب أن تمر المادة الغروانية بعملية تجفيف لإزالة المذيب الزائد من الخليط قبل استخدامه في معالجة الأقمشة. تُستخدم عملية صل-جل بطريقة مماثلة لصنع ألياف نانوية بوليمرية، وهي سلاسل طويلة ورفيعة جدًا من البروتينات مرتبطة ببعضها البعض.

الغزل الكهربائي
يستخرج الغزل الكهربائي الألياف النانوية من محاليل البوليمر (تُصنع بواسطة عملية صل-جل) ويجمعها لتشكيل أقمشة نانوية غير منسوجة. يُطبق حقل كهربائي قوي على المحلول لشحن خيوط البوليمر. يوضع المحلول في محقنة ويوجه نحو صفيحة تجميع بشحنة عكسية. عندما تتجاوز قوة الجذب بين الألياف النانوية البوليمرية وصفيحة التجميع التوتر السطحي للمحلول، تُحرر الألياف النانوية من المحلول وتودع في صفيحة التجميع. تشكل الألياف المودعة قماشًا نانويًا مساميًا يمكن أن يساعد في توصيل الأدوية وهندسة الأنسجة تبعًا لنوع البوليمر المستخدم.

بعض أنواع شبه الأقمشة النانوية الفعلية
 الملابس المستخدمة في تورينو خلال أوليمبيات شتاء 2006 والتي تتصلب وتتيبس على الأثر.
 ملابس فيليب لوماليف الجديدة والتي تدمج المصمابيح الصغيرة في الأقمشة.
 صناعة ألبسة نانوية مقاومة للجراثيم.

انظر أيضا
 تقانة النانو
 ذاكرة وصول عشوائي نانوية
 انابيب نانوية غشائية
 علم القياس النانوي

وصلات خارجية
 موقع لوماليف الإلكتروني
 سي إن إن :أقمشة النانوية القوية المقاومة للجراثيم.
 معمل أنسجة تقنية الصغائر في جامعة كورنيل.

المراجع

أقمشة تقنية
مواد نانوية

أقمشة نانوية


Paris, Antik Troia kralı Priamos ile Hekabe'nin oğludur ve diğer adı Aleksandrostur. Hekabe Paris'in doğumundan önce rüya görür; rüyasında bir alev topu doğurur ve bu alev topu bütün şehri sarar. Rüyayı iyiye yormayan kâhinin üzerine anne babası, Paris doğduktan sonra onu İda Dağı' na bırakırlar. Ancak dişi bir ayı bebeği emzirir. Sonra da bir çoban yanına alır ve büyütür. Zeus, Tanrılar arasında Peleus ile Thetis'in düğününde nifak tanrıçası Eris'in attığı "En güzeline" yazan altın elmanın yol açtığı anlaşmazlığın hakemliğini Paris'e bırakır. Bunun üzerine o sıralar basit bir çoban olan Paris'e giderler. Paris bu sıralarda Oinone isimli bir nemf ile beraber yaşamaktadır. Athena altın elmanın karşılığında çok büyük bir bilgeliği ve Troia'nın zaferini vadederken Hera tüm Asya ve Avrupa kıtasının hükümdarlığını önerir. Aphrodite ise Akha kral Menelaos'un karısı, dünyanın en güzel kadını Helen'i vadeder. Paris altın elmayı Aphrodite'ye verir. Aphrodite'nin yardımıyla davetli olarak katıldığı bir gece Helen'i kaçırır. Bunun üzerine Troya savaşı patlak verir. Akhalı Menalaos'un karısı Helen'e olan aşkı kendisinin ve ülkesinin sonunu hazırlar. Kendisine düşman olanların arasında Athena ve Hera da vardır. Bunun üzerine tanrılar da savaşa dâhil olurlar. Helen'e aşık olması ve onu kaçırması üzerine Troya ile Yunanistan Krallıkları arasında gerçekleşen Troya savaşı 10 yıl sürer, zaman zaman kazanan taraf değişse de çoğunlukla durum berabere gider. Sonunda 'cin fikirli' Odysseus tarafından planlanan, içine gizlenmiş askerlerin bulunduğu "Truva Atı" şehre alınır. Gece geç saatte askerler attan çıkarak kapıları açarlar ve Yunan ordusunun içeri girmesini sağlarlar. Bu sırada Paris Yunan savaşçı Akhillus'u (Aşil) topuğundan okla vurarak öldürür. Rivayete göre "Paris" savaş sırasında Troya'nın düşmesine sebep olacak kehanetlerden birinin yerine gelmesi sonucunda Herakles'in okunun omzunu sıyırması fakat üzerindeki Hera'nın kanı olarak bilinen zehrin vücuduna yayılması sebebiyle ölmüştür.

Truva Savaşı'ndaki kişiler
Troya
İlyada karakterleri
Aineias karakterleri
Kurgusal okçular

Paris (mitoloji)


"Archaeoraptor" is the informal generic name for a fossil chimera from China in an article published in National Geographic magazine in 1999. The magazine claimed that the fossil was a "missing link" between birds and terrestrial theropod dinosaurs. Even before this publication, there had been severe doubts about the fossil's authenticity. A further scientific study showed it to be a forgery constructed from rearranged pieces of real fossils from different species. Zhou et al. found that the head and upper body belong to a specimen of the primitive fossil bird Yanornis. A 2002 study found that the tail belongs to a small winged dromaeosaur, Microraptor, named in 2000. The legs and feet belong to an as-yet-unknown-animal.

The scandal brought attention to illegal fossil deals conducted in China. Although "Archaeoraptor" was a forgery,  many true examples of feathered dinosaurs have been found and demonstrate the evolutionary connection between birds and other theropods.

Scandal
"Archaeoraptor" was unveiled at a press conference held by National Geographic magazine in October 1999. At the same press conference, plans were announced to return the fossil to Chinese authorities, as it was illegally exported. In November 1999 National Geographic featured the fossil in an article written by art editor Christopher Sloan. The article in general discussed feathered dinosaurs and the origin of birds. It claimed the fossil was "a missing link between terrestrial dinosaurs and birds that could fly" and informally referred to it as "Archaeoraptor liaoningensis", announcing it would later be formally named as such. This name means "ancient robber of Liaoning". This drew immediate criticism from Storrs L. Olson, Curator of Birds at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. Writing in Backbone, the newsletter of his museum, he denounced the publication of a scientific name in a popular journal, without peer review, as a "nightmare".

On February 3, 2000, National Geographic issued a press release stating that the fossil could be a composite and that an internal investigation had begun. In that same month Bill Allen, National Geographic editor, told Nature that he was "furious" to learn that the fossil might have been faked. In the March issue, in the forum section, a letter from Dr. Xu Xing pointed out that the tail section probably did not match the upper body. In October 2000 National Geographic published the results of their investigation, in an article written by Pulitzer Prize-winning investigative journalist Lewis M. Simons. Simons concluded that the fossil was a composite and that virtually everyone involved in the project had made some mistakes.

Chronology

According to National Geographic'''s report, the story of "Archaeoraptor" begins in July 1997 in Xiasanjiazi, China, where farmers routinely dug in the shale pits with picks and sold fossils to dealers for a few dollars. This was an illegal practice, but it was common then. In this case, one farmer found a rare fossil of a toothed bird, complete with feather impressions. The fossil broke into pieces during collection. Nearby, in the same pit, he found pieces including a feathered tail and legs. He cemented several of these pieces together in a manner that he believed was correct. He knew that it would make a more complete-looking and, thus, more expensive fossil. It was sold in June 1998 to an anonymous dealer and smuggled to the United States. According to authorities in Beijing, no fossils may leave China legally.

By the fall 1998 annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, held in Utah, United States, rumors were circulating about a striking fossil of a primitive bird that was in private hands. This fossil was presented by an anonymous dealer at a gem show in Tucson, Arizona. The Dinosaur Museum in Blanding, Utah, purchased it in February 1999. The museum was run by the late Stephen A. Czerkas (d. 2015) and his wife, Sylvia Czerkas. Mr. Czerkas did not hold a university degree, but he was a dinosaur enthusiast and artist. He arranged for patrons of his museum, including trustee Dale Slade, to provide $80,000 for the purchase of the fossil, to study it scientifically, and prevent it from disappearing into an anonymous private collection.

The Czerkases contacted paleontologist Phil Currie, who contacted the National Geographic Society. Currie agreed to study the fossil on condition that it was eventually returned to China. The National Geographic Society intended to get the fossil formally published in the peer-reviewed science journal Nature, and then follow up immediately with a press conference and an issue of National Geographic. Editor Bill Allen asked that all members of the project keep the fossil secret so that the magazine would have a scoop on the story.

Slade and the Czerkases intended the fossil to be the "crown jewel" of the Dinosaur Museum and planned to keep it on display there for five years. Sloan says that he flew to Utah in the spring of 1999 to convince Stephen Czerkas to return the fossil to China immediately after publication, or he would not write about it for National Geographic and Currie would not work on it. Czerkas then agreed. Currie then contacted the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology in Beijing, and National Geographic flew the IVPP's Xu Xing to Utah to be part of the "Archaeoraptor" team.

During the initial examination of the fossil on March 6, 1999, it had already become clear to Currie that the left and right feet mirrored each other perfectly and that the fossil had been completed by using both slab and counter slab. He also noticed no connection could be seen between the tail and the body. In July 1999, Currie and the Czerkases brought the fossil to the High-Resolution X-ray CT Facility of the University of Texas (Austin) founded and operated by Dr. Timothy Rowe to make CT scans. Rowe, having made the scans on July 29, determined that they indicated that the bottom fragments, showing the tail and the lower legs, were not part of the larger fossil. He informed the Czerkases on August 2 that there was a chance of the whole being a fraud. During a subsequent discussion, Rowe and Currie were pressured by the Czerkases to keep their reservations private.

Currie in the first week of September sent his preparator, Kevin Aulenback, to the Dinosaur Museum in Blanding to prepare the fossil for better study. Aulenback concluded that the fossil was "a composite specimen of at least 3 specimens...with a maximum...of five...separate specimens", but the Czerkases angrily denied this and Aulenbeck only reported this to Currie. Currie did not inform National Geographic of these problems.

On August 13, 1999, the team submitted a manuscript titled "A New Toothed Bird With a Dromaeosaur-like Tail" under the names of Stephen Czerkas, Currie, Rowe, and Xu, to the journal Nature in London. The paper mentions two places and includes a figure illustrating the point that one of the legs and the tail are counterparts that were composited into the main slab.

On August 20 Nature rejected the paper, indicating to the Czerkases that National Geographic had refused to delay publication, leaving too little time for peer review. The authors then submitted the paper to Science, which sent it out for peer review. Two reviewers informed Science that "the specimen was smuggled out of China and illegally purchased" and that the fossil had been "doctored" in China "to enhance its value." Science then rejected the paper. According to Sloan, the Czerkases did not inform National Geographic about the details of the two rejections.

By that time the November issue of National Geographic was already in preparation for printing, but "Archaeoraptor" was never formally published in any peer-reviewed journal.National Geographic went ahead and published without peer review. The fossil was unveiled in a press conference on October 15, 1999, and in November 1999 National Geographic contained an article by Christopher P. Sloan—a National Geographic art editor. Sloan described it as a missing link that helped elucidate the connection between dinosaurs and birds. The original fossil was put on display at the National Geographic Society in Washington, D.C., pending return to China. In the article Sloan used the name "Archaeoraptor liaoningensis" but with a disclaimer (so that it would not count as a nomenclatural act for scientific classification) in anticipation of Czerkas  being able to publish a peer-reviewed description at some point in the future.

After the November National Geographic came out, Storrs L. Olson, curator of birds in the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution published an open letter on 1 November 1999, pointing out that "the specimen in question is known to have been illegally exported" and protesting the "prevailing dogma that birds evolved from dinosaurs." Olson complained that Sloan, a journalist, had usurped the process of scientific nomenclature by publishing a name first in the popular press: "This is the worst nightmare of many zoologists—that their chance to name a new organism will be inadvertently scooped by some witless journalist."

In October 1999, after having been informed by Currie of the problems and seeing the specimen for the first time, Xu noticed that the tail of "Archaeoraptor" strongly resembled an unnamed maniraptoran dinosaur that he was studying—later to be named Microraptor zhaoianus. He returned to China and traveled to Liaoning Province where he inspected the fossil site and contacted several fossil dealers. He eventually found a fairly complete fossil of a tiny dromaeosaur, and the tail of this new fossil corresponded so exactly to the tail on the "Archaeoraptor" fossil that it had to be the counter slab— it even had two matching yellow oxide stains. On December 20, 1999, Xu Xing sent e-mails to the authors and Sloan, announcing that the fossil was a fake.

On February 3, 2000, The National Geographic News issued a press release stating that the "Archaeoraptor" fossil might be a composite and that an internal investigation had begun. In the March issue of National Geographic Xu's letter ran in the Forum section of the magazine, and Bill Allen had Xu change the word "fake" to "composite".

On April 4, 2000, Stephen Czerkas told a group of paleontologists in Washington that he and Sylvia had made "an idiot, bone-stupid mistake". Currie, Allen, and Sloan all expressed regret. Rowe felt vindicated, claiming the affair as evidence that his scans were correct. Rowe published a Brief Communication in Nature in 2001 describing his findings. He concluded that, apart from the top part, several specimens had been used to complete the fossil: a first for the left femur, a second for the tibiae, a third for both feet, and at least one more for the tail, which alone consisted of five separate parts.Rowe, T., Ketcham, R.A., Denison, C., Colbert, M., Xu, X., Currie, P.J. Nature vol. 410 29 March 2001 pp.539-540.

In June 2000 the fossil was returned to China. In the October 2000 issue, National Geographic published the results of their investigation.

Ongoing confusion
The fossils involved in the "Archaeoraptor" scandal have led to ongoing confusion over taxon names. In December 2000, Microraptor was described in Nature. Zhou et al. (2002) examined the upper body of the "Archaeoraptor" fossil and reported that it belonged to the previously-named genus Yanornis.

Dinosaur Museum Journal
In 2002 the Czerkases published a volume through their Dinosaur Museum titled Feathered Dinosaurs and the Origin of Flight. In this journal, they described and named several species. Of the six species named in the book, five are disputed.

Despite the work of Zhou et al. (2002), Czerkas and co-author Xu Xing described the upper portion of the "Archaeoraptor" fossil as a new bird genus, Archaeovolans, in the Dinosaur Museum Journal. The article does include the caveat that it might be a specimen of Yanornis. Thus, this same fossil specimen has been named "Archaeoraptor", Archeovolans, and Yanornis, in different places.

Across the monographs in the Dinosaur Museum Journal, Stephen Czerkas built a case for his controversial view that maniraptoran dinosaurs are secondarily flightless birds. In so doing, he criticized prominent paleontologists. In the text on Cryptovolans, Czerkas accused Dr. Mark Norell of misinterpreting the fossil BPM 1 3-13 as having long leg feathers due to the "blinding influences of preconceived ideas." Though Norell's interpretation was correct, Czerkas added leg feathers to his reconstruction of the fossil in the art that promotes the traveling exhibit.

Two other taxa that Czerkas and his co-authors named were later treated as junior synonyms by other authors. Czerkas' Cryptovolans was treated as Microraptor, and his Scansoriopteryx was treated as Epidendrosaurus.Padian, Kevin. (2001) "Basal Avialae" in "The Dinosauria" in The Dinosauria: Second Edition University of California Press. 2004. Czerkas described Omnivoropteryx, noting that it was similar to Sapeornis. Later specimens of Sapeornis with skulls demonstrated that the two were probably synonymous.

Another taxon that Czerkas assigned to the Pterosauria and named Utahdactylus was reviewed by Dr. Chris Bennett. Bennett found multiple misidentifications of bones and inconsistencies between Czerkas' diagrams and the actual fossils. Bennett found the specimen to be an indeterminate diapsid and criticized the previous authors for publishing a species name when no diagnostic characters below the class level could be verified. He made Utahdactylus a nomen dubium.

Traveling exhibit

In 2001 Stephen and Sylvia Czerkas compiled a traveling exhibit containing 34 other Chinese fossils. The show is titled Feathered Dinosaurs and the Origin of Flight. The San Diego Natural History Museum paid a set fee to the Dinosaur Museum to display this show in 2004. When the show opened, Dr. Ji Qiang told reporters from Nature that about a dozen of the fossils had left China illegally. Ji arranged with the Czerkases to assign accession numbers to three of the most valuable specimens, thus formally adding them to the collection of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in Beijing, although they remain in the possession of the Czerkases. Stephen Czerkas denied Ji's assertion that the fossils were illegal. Sylvia Czerkas told the journal Nature that she had worked out an agreement with officials of Liaoning Province in 2001 to borrow the fossils and that they were to be repatriated in 2007. Through March 2009, however, the show was scheduled for the Fresno Metropolitan Museum of Art and Science in California. According to Nature, the Czerkases refused requests to make the officials from Liaoning available for an interview.

Many scientists consider it unethical to work on fossils if there is any chance that they have been smuggled, and many disregard privately owned fossils altogether. Some professionals feel that private collectors put fossils in private hands where science may not be able to access or study them. Some believe that private collectors may damage important fossils, subject them to forgery, and obscure their origins or evidence about their ages. Illegal dealers have also participated in and may encourage, governmental corruption. Another philosophy argues that if scientists could bend their ethics and agree to publish on important private fossils, this would encourage private holders to make them available for study.

The fossil most recently appeared in an exhibition in Wollaton Hall, near Nottingham, titled Dinosaurs of China: Ground Shakers to Feathered Flyers, where it was exhibited along with fossils of Yanoris and Microraptor, its main components.

Taxonomic history
In April 2000 Olson published an article in Backbone, the newsletter of the National Museum of Natural History. In this article, he justified his views on the evolution of birds, but also revised and redescribed the species "Archaeoraptor liaoningensis" by designating just the tail of the original fraudulent specimen as the type specimen. To prevent the tainted name "Archaeoraptor" from entering paleornithological literature, this redescription assigned the name to that part of the chimeric specimen least likely to be classified under Aves, rather than to the portion which was later shown to represent a true bird species. Olson presumed that the National Geographic article had already validly named the fossil, and he, therefore, failed to explicitly indicate the name was new, as demanded by article 16 of the ICZN as a condition for a name to be valid. Several months afterward Xu, Zhou, and Wang published their description of Microraptor zhaoianus in Nature.

Creationism

The scandal is sometimes used by creationists like Kent Hovind, Kirk Cameron, and Ray Comfort to cast doubt on the hypothesis that birds evolved from dinosaurs. Many creationists insist that no missing links between birds and dinosaurs have been found, and commonly point to "Archaeoraptor" as evidence of misconduct performed to support the evolutionary theory. They see "Archaeoraptor" as a "Piltdown Bird". However, contrary to the Piltdown Man, "Archaeoraptor" was not deliberately fabricated to support some evolutionary claim. Furthermore, the authenticity of "Archaeoraptor" would not have been essential proof for the hypothesis that birds are theropods, as this is sufficiently corroborated by other data; paleontologist Christopher Brochu concluded in November 2001: "That birds are derived from theropod dinosaurs is no longer the subject of scholarly dispute." Though playing the role of "terrestrial dinosaur" in the "Archaeoraptor" affair, the Microraptor, showing wings and clear traces of rectrices, is generally assumed to have had at least a gliding capacity and is itself an excellent example of a transitional fossil.

References

External links

 Helen Briggs, 'Piltdown' bird fake explained, from March 29, 2001, BBC News Online.
 Hillary Mayell, Dino Hoax Was Mainly Made of Ancient Bird, Study Says, from the November 20, 2002 National Geographic News.
 Simons, Lewis M., 2000. Archaeoraptor fossil trail. National Geographic 198(4) (October): 128–132.
 Reed, Christina. "Fossil Faux Pas" Geotimes'', March 2000.
 BBC Horizon 2002  "The dinosaur that fooled the world"

Feathered dinosaurs
Hoaxes in science
Invalid dinosaurs
Nomina nuda
Hoaxes in China
1999 in China
1999 hoaxes
Paleontological chimeras

Archaeoraptor


Nord-Lenangen eller Nordlenangen (kvensk: Itarivuono) er en arm af Ullsfjorden i Lyngen  kommune i Troms og Finnmark fylke  i Norge. Fjorden går  10 kilometer mod syd til Botn og løber parallelt med Ullsfjorden. Den har indløb mellem Nordlenangsnesset i vest og Russelvnesset i øst. Ved Straumen, omtrent midtveis, smalner fjorden ind og bliver lavvandet. Her er strømmen stærk når tidevandet skifter. Den inderste del af fjorden kaldes Botn.

Bygden Nord-Lenangen ligger langs østsiden af fjorden, og som en del af bygden regnes også bebyggelserne Nygårdstranda på vestsiden, Lenangsstraumen ved Straumen og Russelv i nord. Fylkesvej 312 (Troms) går langs det meste af fjorden der krydses via Straumen bro.

Kilder og henvisninger

Fjorde i Troms og Finnmark
Lyngen

Nord-Lenangen (fjord)


San Juan de Aznalfarache, İspanya'nın güneybatı köşesinde bulunan özerk bölge Endülüs'ün, Sevil eyaletine bağlı bulunan belediyesi. 2002 yılındaki sayıma göre nüfusu, 20.073'tür.

San Juan de Aznalfarache


Amasonia, biljni rod polugrmova, grmova i trajnica iz porodice medićevki, dio potporodice Ajugoideae. Postoji sedam priznatih vrsta rasprostranjenih po tropskoj Južnoj Americi

Vrste
Amasonia angustifolia Mart. & Schauer
Amasonia arborea Kunth
Amasonia calycina Hook.f.
Amasonia campestris (Aubl.) Moldenke
Amasonia hirta Benth.
Amasonia lasiocaulos Mart. & Schauer
Amasonia obovata Gleason

Sinonimi
 Diphystema Neck.
 Taligalea Aubl.

Izvori

Ajugoideae

Amasonia


An Microstegium delicatulum in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Joseph Dalton Hooker, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Aimée Antoinette Camus. An Microstegium delicatulum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Microstegium, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Microstegium

Microstegium delicatulum


Würzburger Kickers er þýskt knattspyrnufélag staðsett í Würzburg.

Tengill
 Heimasíða félagsins

Þýsk knattspyrnufélög
Würzburg

Würzburger Kickers


Annette Kamp  er forsker i arbejdsliv. Siden 2005 har hun været ansat som lektor ved Roskilde Universitet,
og hun er ansvarshavende redaktør for Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv.

Referencer

Universitetslektorer fra Danmark

Annette Kamp


Trudobelikovski  es un jútor del raión de Krasnoarméiskaya, en el sur de Rusia. Está situado en el delta del Kubán, en la orilla derecha de su distributario Protoka, frente a Slaviansk-na-Kubani, 11 km al sur de Poltávskaya y 74 km al noroeste de Krasnodar, la capital del krai. Tenía 9 393 habitantes en 2010

Es cabeza del municipio Trudobelikovskoye, al que pertenecen asimismo Zelenski, Krikuna, Krizanovski, Kórzhevski, Kulika, Surovo, Teleguin, Tijovski, Turkovski y Chigrina. En su conjunto el municipio cuenta con 12 624 habitantes y 147.80 km².

Historia

La ciudad tiene su origen en una factoría o colonia comercial genovesa establecida en el , llamada Copa, Coparia o Conario, controlada por la familia Ghisolfi. Tras la caída de la influencia de la república en la región del Ponto, fue abandonada hasta 1747, cuando tropas del kanato de Crimea erigieron un fuerte denominado Eni-Kopyl, que se convertiría en el asentamiento de Kopyl. Tras la conquista rusa de la península de Tamán a finales del , los cosacos del mar Negro establecieron aquí el fuerte Prototski. Tras el fin de la guerra del Cáucaso, familias procedentes de las stanitsas Poltávskaya y Slaviánskaya, fundaron el jútor Prototski en 1890. Tras la guerra civil, en septiembre de 1920, el Comité Revolucionario ha decidido ponerle el nombre Trudy Belika en homenaje de Semión Efimovich Belika, presidente del mismo, ajusticiado en 1918. Más tarde recibiría el nombre actual.

Transporte

Por la localidad pasa la carretera federal M25 Krasnodar-Slaviansk-na-Kubani-Temriuk-estrecho de Kerch.

Servicios sociales

En la localidad se halla la escuela nº39 (hay cuatro en el municipio), un jardín de infancia, una policlínica, una escuela de música, un campo de fútbol y dos bibliotecas entre otros establecimientos.

Enlaces externos y referencias

 Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth y el mapa de Rusia de Yandex.ru, accesible desde este enlace.
 Este artículo es una traducción de su correspondiente en la edición en ruso de Wikipedia, Трудобеликовский.

 Mapa topográfico soviético en maps.vlasenko.net
  en Panoramio

Localidades del raión de Krasnoarméiskaya del krai de Krasnodar
Localidades establecidas en 1890

Trudobelikovski


කමියුටිං () (ගමනාගමනය??) යනු එක් පදිංචි ස්ථානයක සිට ස්ථිර වැඩකරන ස්ථානයකට ගමන් කිරීමේ සහ දවසේ වැඩ අවසන් කර නැවත තම නිවසට පැමිණීමේ ක්‍රියාවලියයි. විද්‍යාලයක හෝ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයකට ඇතුළුවී සිටින්නන් හා විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙන් ඈත පදිංචි සිසුන් ද ගමන් කරන්නන් ලෙස සැළකේ. එක්සත් ජනපදයේ නිදන ශාලා කිහිපයක් ඇති ආයතන හදුන්වන්නේ කොමියුටර් පාසැල් කියාය.

19 වැනි ශතවර්‍ෂයට පෙර කම්කරුවෝ පදිංචි වී සිටියේ තම රැකියා ස්ථානයට අඩු කාලයකින් ඇවිදගෙන යාමට හැකි තරම්  සමීපයෙනි.  නමුත් නූතන ගමන් කරන්නන් නගරයෙන් ඈත පිහිටි  පිහිටි නගර හා ගම්වල සිට වැඩපොළ වලට එති.

ගමනාගමනය  දිනපතා දක්නට ලැබෙන්නකි. මොටර් රථ, දුම්රිය, බස් රථ හා බයිසිකල් වැනි ප්‍රවාහන පහසුකම් භාවිත කරමින් සේවා ස්ථානවලට ආ හැකි බැවින් මේ කම්කරුවනට රැකියා ස්ථානයට ඈතින් පදිංචි වීමට පුළුවනි. සමහරවිට කැමැත්තෙන් හෝ නගරයේ ඇති නිවාසවල මිළ අධිකවීම නිසා හෝ ඔවුන්ට එසේ කිරීමට සිදුව ඇත.

නූතන ගමනාගමන ක්ෂේත්‍රය මිනිසුන්ගේ ජිවිත කෙරේ බෙහෙවින් බලපා ඇත. නගර විශාල ලෙස ප්‍රසාරණය වීමට ඉඩ දීමෙන් කලින් තිබුනාට වඩා අවට ප්‍රදේශ පසු බෑමට ලක්ව ඇත.බො‍හෝ නගර කොමියුටර් ඩෙල්ට්ස් වලින් වටවී ඇත. එය නගරයේ වැඩ කරන අය පදිංචි ස්ථානයි. මේ ස්ථානවලට බො‍හෝවිට කියන්නේ කොමියු‍ටර් නගර, නිදන ශාලා නගර හෝ  නිදන කාමර සමුහය යනුවෙනි.

බොහෝ මගීන් දවසේ එකම වෙලාවට ගමන් කරන බැවින් උදේට හා හවස්  කාලයේ දී  වාහන තදබදය වැඩි වේ . පොදු වාහන පද්ධතිය නිසි පරිදි සැලසුම්කර නොතිබීම හා නඩත්තු නොකිරීම  මෙවැනි තත්ත්වයන් ඇතිවීමට හේතුවයි. පොදු ප්‍රවාහන සේවය හෝ හවුලේ පාවිච්චිය කරන මෝටර් රථ වලට වඩා එක් පුද්ගයෙක් පමණක් පාවිච්චි කරන මෝටර් රථ නිසා ආකාර්යක්ෂම   ඉන්ධන හා මහාමාර්ග පරිහරණයත් සිදුවේ. එසේ හෙයින් රථවාහන තදබදයටත් ,වායු දූෂණයටත් මොටර් රථවලින් වැඩි දායකත්වයක් ලැබේ.මෙයට පිළිතුරු වශයෙන් සමහර රජයන් හා ස්වාමිවරු පොදු ප්‍රවාහන සේවා හා කාර්යාල සේවා ඇති කර තිබේ. මඟියා යන වචනය කලින් පාවිච්චිකර ඇත්තේ අඩු මුදලක් ගෙවා ගමන් කරන්නා යන අරුතිනි.ඉඉ නියමිත දින ගණනකට, සතිගණනකට හෝ මාස ගණනකට කලින් මුදල් ගෙවා වලංගු දුම්රිය වාර ප්‍රවේශ පත්‍රයක්  මිළදී ගැනීමටද පුලුවන. එවැනි ප්‍රවේශ පතකින් මඟියෙකුට වලංගු කාලය තුලදී ඕනෑම වාර ගණනක් ගමන් කළ හැකිවේ. ප්‍ර‍වේශ පත්‍රයේ කාල සීමාව වැඩිනම් දිනක ගාස්තුව අඩුවේ.

Commuting


Montigny-sur-Avre ist eine französische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Eure-et-Loir in der Region Centre-Val de Loire; sie gehört zum Arrondissement Dreux und zum Kanton Saint-Lubin-des-Joncherets.

An der nördlichen Grenze umschließt der Fluss Avre den Ort in eine Flussschleife.

Bevölkerungsentwicklung

Persönlichkeiten
 François de Montmorency-Laval (1623–1708), Erzbischof von Quebec, geboren in Montigny-sur-Avre

Weblinks

Ort in Centre-Val de Loire

Montigny-sur-Avre


كريستوفر كي. ميلون ولد عام 1957، ابن كارل إن. ميلون، ابن حفيد المؤسس المشارك لنفط الخليج وليام لاريمير ميلون. سليل القاضي توماس ميلون، مؤسس مصرف ميلون.

استلم السّيد ميلون درجة بكالوريوس في الاقتصاد من كلية كولبي في عام 1980. كَسب درجة الماجستير من جامعة يايل في العلاقات الدولية، مَع تركيز وتخصص في الماليةِ والإدارة عام 1984.

حياته المهنية
خدم السّيد ميلون 12 سنة في تشكيلة المواقع على (العاصمة) بضمن ذلك تقريباً 10 سنوات عمل فيها كموظّف محترف كجزء من موظّفي ومدرِاء لجنة مجلس الشيوخ والمخابرات المختارة. عمل كريستوفر ميلون كنائب مساعد لوزير الدفاع للاستخبارات من نوفمبر/تشرين الثّاني لعلم 1999 حتى يناير/كانون الثّاني من عام 2002.

من يونيو/حزيران عام 1998 وإلى نوفمبر/تشرين الثّاني عام 1999، عمل السّيد ميلون كنائب مساعد لوزير الدفاع لعمليات المعلومات والأمن. في تلك الفترة كان مسؤولاً عن السياسة والإشراف البرمجيِ وتأمين المعلومات بالإضافة إلى حماية البنية التحتية الحرجة وأمنِ واستخبارات الأنظمة المضادة، والإستراتيجية والعمليات والمعلوماتِ والتكامل المرتبط بهم. ذهب السّيد ميلون إلى وزارة الدفاع الأمريكية كعضو فريق انتقال سكرتيرِ كوهين في الثاني من يناير/كانون الثاني عام 1997. بعد الانتقال، تعيّن السّيد ميلون كالمنسّق للمفاهيم المتقدّمة وتكامل البرنامج لمكتب وكيل وزارة الدفاع للسياسة، مع التركيز على التشفيرِ وقضايا تأمينِ المعلومات. من نوفمبر/تشرين الثّاني عام 1997 إلى يونيو/حزيران عام 1998، عمل كالمساعد الخاصِّ لوزيرِ الدفاع لسياسةِ الاستخبارات.

والآن يعمل كنائب رئيس سيمتون (Simtone) المحدودة

مراجع

المصادر
 عائلة ميلون في بيتسبيرغ

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من توبيكا
أمريكيون من أصل إسكتلندي أيرلندي
خريجو جامعة ييل
خريجو كلية كولبي
محللون استخباراتيون أمريكيون
مخابرات عسكرية
مواليد 1957

كريستوفر ميلون


An Guzmania lychnis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Lyman Bradford Smith. An Guzmania lychnis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Guzmania, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Guzmania

Guzmania lychnis


The 8th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on April 10, 1988, at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel to recognize the worst the film industry had to offer in 1987. Leonard Part 6 was the biggest "winner" with three awards out of five nominations. Although he did not attend the ceremony, actor/producer/co-writer Bill Cosby later accepted all his awards on The Late Show.

Awards and nominations

Films with multiple nominations
These films garnered multiple nominations:

See also

 1987 in film
 60th Academy Awards
 41st British Academy Film Awards
 45th Golden Globe Awards

References

External links
 Official summary of awards
 Nomination and award listing at the Internet Movie Database

Golden Raspberry Awards
08
1987 in American cinema
1988 in California
April 1988 events in the United States
Golden Raspberry

8th Golden Raspberry Awards


قائمة ببطولات ويمبلدون لسنة 1888:

فردي رجال

مباراة الختام
 إرنست رينشاو هزم  هربرت لاوفورد. النتيجة: 6-3 7-5 6-0

النصف الأول من الدوري

 الخط الغليظ والمعنون = الفائز في المباراة

فردي سيدات

مباراة الختام
 لوتي دود هزمت  بلانشي بيجالي. النتيجة: 6-3, 6-3

دوري السيدات

زوجي الرجال

مباراة الختام
فاز كل من البريطاني إرنست رينشو والبريطاني وليام رينشو على البريطاني باتريك باوز ليون والبريطاني هربرت ويلبرفورس في المباراة النهائية.

الدوري الزوجي

مراجع

لندن في 1888
أحداث 1888 الرياضية في لندن
أحداث يوليو 1888 الرياضية
رياضة إنجليزية في 1888
كرة المضرب في 1888
كرة مضرب إنجليزية في 1888

بطولة ويمبلدون 1888


Brodmann area 8 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain.  It is involved in planning complex movements.

Human
Brodmann area 8, or BA8, is part of the frontal cortex in the human brain. Situated just anterior to the premotor cortex (BA6), it includes the frontal eye fields (so-named because they are believed to play an important role in the control of eye movements). Damage to this area, by stroke, trauma or infection, causes tonic deviation of the eyes towards the side of the injury. This finding occurs during the first few hours of an acute event such as cerebrovascular infarct (stroke) or hemorrhage (bleeding).

Guenon
The term Brodmann area 8 refers to a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the frontal lobe of the guenon. Located rostral to the arcuate sulcus, it was not considered by Brodmann-1909 to be topographically homologous to the intermediate frontal area 8 of the human.

Distinctive features (Brodmann-1905): compared to Brodmann area 6-1909, area 8 has a diffuse but clearly present internal granular layer (IV); sublayer 3b of the external pyramidal layer (III) has densely distributed medium-sized pyramidal cells; the internal pyramidal layer (V) has larger ganglion cells densely distributed with some granule cells interspersed; the external granular layer (II) is denser and broader; cell layers are more distinct; the abundance of cells is somewhat greater.

Functions
The area is involved in eye movements and possibly in the management of uncertainty. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrated that Brodmann area 8  activation occurs when test subjects experience uncertainty, and that with increasing uncertainty there is increasing activation.

An alternative interpretation is that this activation in the frontal cortex encodes hope, a higher-order expectation positively correlated with uncertainty.

Image

See also

 Brodmann area
 List of regions in the human brain

References

08
Frontal lobe

Brodmann area 8


Robert Alan Ezrin  (born March 25, 1949) is a Canadian music producer and keyboardist, best known for his work with Lou Reed, Alice Cooper, Aerosmith, Kiss, Pink Floyd, Deep Purple, Peter Gabriel, Andrea Bocelli and Phish. As of 2010, Ezrin's career in music had spanned four decades and his production work continued into the 21st century, with acts such as Deftones and Thirty Seconds to Mars. Ezrin is the winner of three Juno Awards. In 2011, he was awarded the Special Achievement Award at the 2011 SOCAN Awards held in Toronto. On 29 December 2022, Ezrin was named an Officer of the Order of Canada, the second-highest civilian honour in Canada.

Early life
Ezrin was born in Toronto, Ontario, on March 25, 1949. His family is Jewish. He resided in the Forest Hill area of Toronto.

Music and production career
As of 2014, Ezrin continued to work as a record producer, arranger and songwriter, in addition to being involved with a variety of other projects in digital media, live production, film, television, and theatrical production.

Ezrin has worked on recordings with numerous major artists, including Pink Floyd, Phish, Alice Cooper, KISS, Balloonatic, Deep Purple, Lou Reed, The Kings, Hanoi Rocks, Taylor Swift, Peter Gabriel, Bonham, K'naan, 2Cellos, Kristin Chenoweth, Rod Stewart, Nine Inch Nails, The Jayhawks, Thirty Seconds to Mars, The Darkness, Jane's Addiction, Dr. John, Nils Lofgren, Berlin, Kansas, Julian Lennon, Joe Bonamassa and Deftones, among many others. Ezrin also recorded the very first demos for Toronto band Max Webster.

Ezrin has been described by Alice Cooper as "our George Martin". Following his first ever production work on an album with Love it to Death in 1971, Ezrin embarked on a long-term collaboration that, by 1973, would see the release of the number one album Billion Dollar Babies, a year after the success of School's Out; Cooper subsequently became established as one of the biggest acts in the world. After the disbanding of Cooper's group, Ezrin continued his collaboration with Cooper, as the latter embarked upon a solo career. In 1975, Cooper released the Ezrin-produced album, Welcome To My Nightmare. Ezrin worked with Cooper not just as a producer, but also as a co-writer, arranger, and musician.

Ezrin produced the best-selling KISS album Destroyer in 1976. As explained by Peter Criss during an interview in the documentary KISS: Krazy Killer (1994), Ezrin co-wrote, arranged and performed the piano accompaniment to the song "Beth". Ezrin proceeded to produce two other albums with the band -- Music from "The Elder" and Revenge—and remains close to the band's members in the 21st century.

Ezrin has worked with Pink Floyd on a number of occasions, co-producing the albums The Wall, A Momentary Lapse of Reason, and The Division Bell. He has also co-written the songs "The Trial", "Signs of Life", "Learning to Fly", and "Take It Back".

Ezrin also produced the 1988 Kansas album In the Spirit of Things, and received a writing credit for the song "Ghosts" and three other songs.

In May 2009, Ezrin co-produced The Clearwater Concert at Madison Square Garden, celebrating the 90th birthday of musician and activist Pete Seeger. More than 50 guest artists, including Bruce Springsteen, Dave Matthews, John Mellencamp, Ben Harper, Joan Baez, Tom Morello, Ani DiFranco, Emmylou Harris, and Kris Kristofferson, performed at the event. Ezrin also co-produced the PBS broadcast of the event.

Since 2010, Ezrin has co-produced Peter Gabriel's album Scratch My Back; co-produced The House Rules, by Christian Kane; and produced singles for K'naan, the Canadian Tenors, and young pop sensation, Fefe Dobson, for her album, Joy. Ezrin also reunited with Cooper, working on Cooper's Welcome 2 My Nightmare, on the corresponding live show, and numerous other related projects.  He also mixed several projects, including Taylor Swift's Speak Now World Tour Live CD and DVD (2011), and an album by The Darkness (2012).

In 2012, Ezrin remixed KISS's 1976 album Destroyer, which by then had gone Double Platinum. Also, he produced albums for 2Cellos and rock legends Deep Purple. Bob worked with the band Phish on their 2014 release, Fuego. They reunited for the band's next album, Big Boat, released in 2016. Ezrin worked with Andrea Bocelli on Sì, Bocelli's first No. 1 album, both in the UK and USA.

Ezrin produced a live and television extravaganza to reopen the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans, US, starring Green Day and U2. He also worked on an album and live opera with L'Orchestra di Piazza Vittorio in Rome, Italy.

Other ventures

Entrepreneurship
In 1993, Ezrin co-founded a computer software company called 7th Level, which developed and published educational and entertainment CD-ROMs, including a series of Monty Python games.

In 1999, Ezrin cofounded Enigma Digital, an internet radio provider, that was eventually sold to Clear Channel; Ezrin was later appointed vice-chairman of Clear Channel Interactive. Ezrin was also Chairman of Live Nation Artists Recordings in 2007 and the first half of 2008.

Ezrin is also co-founder and vice chairman of Wow Unlimited Media.

In 2009, Ezrin, along with Garth Richardson and Kevin Williams, cofounded the Nimbus School of Recording Arts in Vancouver. Ezrin stated that his goal was to provide new engineers and producers with the hands-on teaching experience that he believed was no longer available from traditional recording studios.

Philanthropy
Ezrin is a board member of the Mr. Holland's Opus Foundation, a national initiative that supports music in US schools by donating musical instruments to under-funded music programs. He is also an Advisory Committee member of MusiCounts, the musical education initiative of the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, that provides instruments to Canadian school music programs.

He is co-founder, with U2's The Edge, of Music Rising, an initiative to preserve the musical culture of the Gulf coast region following the damage caused by the hurricanes and flooding of 2005.

On February 18, 2010, Ezrin helped with the mobilization of the Young Artists for Haiti group. Fifty Canadian artists recorded a rendition of hip hop star K'naan's "Wavin' Flag" for the victims of the Haiti quake. The song was reworked by Ezrin to include specific lyrics for Haiti, with proceeds disseminated to Free the Children, War Child Canada, and World Vision Canada. The production raised over US$2 million. K'naan explained in regard to the initiation of the project: "I got a call from Randy [Lennox, president] at Universal [Music Canada] and Bob Ezrin. They had this idea that they wanted to do something lasting, that actually educates young people in Canada about Haiti and not let the fatigue of the subject wash over everybody and everybody just forget Haiti."

Ezrin is a Chairman Emeritus of the Los Angeles Mentoring Partnership and a past Trustee and Governor of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences (NARAS).

He is also a member of the Board of the Canadian Journalism Foundation, which promotes, celebrates and facilitates excellence in journalism.

As of 2022, Bob is engaged as a Canadian climate activist.

Film and television
In 1982, Ezrin briefly appeared as the host of Enterprise, a City-TV panel show that replaced Dr. Morton Shulman's The Shulman File; he has also been a frequent interviewee for documentary films and television. Ezrin has created new theatrical, television, and live events with RadicalMedia, based in New York, including Jay-Z's feature film, Fade to Black. In 2012, Ezrin appeared in Artifact, a documentary film about the modern music business focused on the legal battle between Thirty Seconds to Mars and record label EMI.

He is a co-producer of Melanie Doane's children's music television series Ukulele U.

Honour and recognition
Ezrin was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in April 2004 and the Canadian Music Industry Hall of Fame in March 2006.

In 2011, Ezrin and Young Artist for Haiti won the Juno Award in Canada for "Single of the Year". Also in 2011, he was awarded an "Outstanding Contribution" at the Classic Rock Magazine Awards.  In 2013, he was honoured with a star on Canada's Walk of Fame in Toronto.

Ezrin was also honoured in 2013 by The Royal Conservatory of Music, being named an Honorary Fellow of The Royal Conservatory.

In late 2022, Ezrin was named an Officer of the Order of Canada, "For his ongoing contributions to music and entertainment production, and for his sustained advocacy of musical education, journalism and environmental justice."

Personal life
Ezrin is married to Janet Ezrin.

Partial discography
2Cellos: In2ition (2013) – producer and mixer
Thirty Seconds to Mars: 30 Seconds to Mars (2002) – producer
Aerosmith: Get Your Wings (1974) – executive producer
Alice Cooper
Love It to Death (1971) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Killer (1971) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
School's Out (1972) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Billion Dollar Babies (1973) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Welcome to My Nightmare (1975) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Alice Cooper Goes to Hell (1976) – producer, keyboardist, co-writer, and mixer
Lace and Whiskey (1977) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
The Alice Cooper Show (1977) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
DaDa (1983) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Brutal Planet (2000) – executive producer
Dragontown (2001) – executive producer
Old School box set (2011) – project producer
Welcome 2 My Nightmare (2011) – producer, co-writer, and mixer
Paranormal (2017) – producer, composer, and mixer
Detroit Stories (2021) – producer, composer, and mixer
Army of Anyone: Army of Anyone (2006) – producer and mixer
The Babys: The Babys (1977) – co-producer with Brian Christian and mixer
Balloonatic: My Underworld, Five Cent Beer (2003) - Producer and mixer
Berlin: "Count Three and Pray" (1986) – producer and mixer
Robin Black: Instant Classic (2005) – co-producer with Gggarth and mixer
Andrea Bocelli
Sì (2018) – producer and writer
Bonham: The Disregard of Timekeeping (1989) – producer and mixer
The Canadian Tenors
"Hallelujah" (2010), from the album The Perfect Gift – producer and mixer
"Forever Young" (2012), from the album Lead with Your Heart – producer and mixer
"World Stand Still" - (2012), from the album Lead with Your Heart – vocal producer and mixer
Catherine Wheel: Adam and Eve (1997) – co-producer with Gggarth
Christian Kane: The House Rules (2010) – co-producer with Jimmie Lee Sloas and mixer
Tim Curry: Read My Lips (1978) – producer and mixer
The Darkness: Hot Cakes (2012) – mixer and co-producer on one song ("Every Inch of You")
Deep Purple
Now What?! (2013) – producer, mixer and composer
Infinite (2017) – producer, mixer and composer
Whoosh! (2020) – producer, mixing, percussion, backing vocals
Turning to Crime (2021) – producer, backing vocals, co-lead vocals
Deftones: Saturday Night Wrist (2006) – producer
Dr. John: Hollywood Be Thy Name (1975) – producer and mixer
Escape from Earth: Three Seconds East (2004) – producer and mixer
Fefe Dobson: Joy (2010) – producer and mixer
Flo and Eddie: Flo and Eddie (1973) – producer and mixer
Peter Gabriel
Peter Gabriel (I) (1977) – producer and mixer
"That'll Do" (1998) (title track from the film Babe: Pig in the City) – producer
"My Head Sounds Like That" (2002) (from the album Up) – brass arrangements
Scratch My Back (2010) – co-producer with Peter Gabriel
David Gilmour: About Face (1984) – co-producer with David Gilmour
Hanggai
Horse of Color (2016) - co-producer and mixer
Homeland (2017) - producer
Hanoi Rocks: Two Steps from the Move (1984) – producer and mixer
Héroes del Silencio: Avalancha (1995) – producer
Hollywood Vampires: Hollywood Vampires (2015) - producer and mixer
Steve Hunter: Swept Away (1978) – producer and mixer
Hurricane: Over the Edge (1988) – co-producer with Mike Clink
Jane's Addiction: Strays (2003) – co-producer with Brian Virtue
The Jayhawks: Smile (2000) – producer
K'naan: Alone – single (2013) – co-writer, mixer, and co-producer with will.i.am (The Black Eyed Peas))
Kansas: In the Spirit of Things (1988) – producer and mixer
The Kings
The Kings Are Here (1980) – producer and mixer
Amazon Beach (1981) – producer and mixer
Kiss
Destroyer (1976) – producer and mixer
Music from "The Elder" (1981) – producer and mixer
Revenge (1992) – producer
Destroyer: Resurrected (2012) – producer and mixer
Kristin Chenoweth: Some Lessons Learned (2011) – producer, mixer, and co-writer
Kula Shaker: Peasants, Pigs & Astronauts (1999) – producer
Julian Lennon: Help Yourself (1991) – producer
Lucius: Good Grief (2016) – co-producer with Shawn Everett and Lucius
Murray McLauchlan: Storm Warning (1981) – producer and mixer
Nils Lofgren: Nils (1979) – producer and mixer
Nine Inch Nails: The Fragile (1999) – album sequencing ("I'd never examined what I was actually saying with these 20-something songs," Trent Reznor observed. "Then I realised it could be looked at as two acts. I see Ezrin as he's leaving my studio and I say, 'Bob, you did it, man!' and he says, 'Yeah, I know – I got a flight to catch.' We hugged each other and that was it."
Geoffrey Oryema: Beat the Border (1993) – co-producer with Richard Blair and David Bottrill
Orchestra di Piazza Vittorio: album (2007) – producer and mixer
Phish:
Fuego (2014) – producer, mixer
Big Boat (2016) – producer, mixer
Pink Floyd
The Wall (1979) – co-producer with David Gilmour and Roger Waters
A Momentary Lapse of Reason (1987) co-producer with David Gilmour
The Division Bell (1994) – co-producer with David Gilmour
The Endless River (2014) – bass guitar
Trevor Rabin: Can't Look Away (1989) – producer
Lou Reed: Berlin (1973) – producer and mixer
Johnny Reid
A Christmas Gift To You (2013) - producer and mixer
A Christmas Gift To You Platinum Edition (2014) - producer and mixer
Revival (2017) - co-producer, composer and mixer
What Love Is All About (2015) - producer and mixer
Rod Stewart: Every Beat of My Heart (1986) – producer
Soundtrack
Babe: Pig in the City – Music from and Inspired by the Motion Picture (1998)
Heavy Metal 2000 (1999)
Taylor Swift: Speak Now World Tour Live (2011) – mixer for both the CD and DVD
Téléphone: Dure Limite (1982) – producer and mixer
The Tenors: "Who Wants to Live Forever" from Under One Sky (2015) - producer, arranger and mixer
The Tenors feat. Johnny Reid: "God Rest Ye Merry Gentlemen" (2017) - producer and mixer
The Throbs: The Language of Thieves and Vagabonds (1991) – co-producer with Dick Wagner and Brian Christian
U2: U2 at the BBC (2017) – producer
U2 and Green Day: live recording of "The Saints Are Coming" (2006)
Ursa Major: [Ursa Major] (1972) – producer and mixer
Villebillies: "Greatest Moment" single (2006) – producer and mixer
Vow Wow: Mountain Top (1990) – co-producer with Brian Christian, mixer, and co-writer
Dick Wagner: Richard Wagner (1978) – producer and mixer
Young Artists for Haiti: "Wavin' Flag" single (2010) – producer

See also

Album era
Music of Canada
Canadian Music Hall of Fame

References

External links

 Bob Ezrin at Aol Music.
 Bob Ezrin at Tonic
 "Thank God For Trent Reznor" on Torontoist, April 19, 2007
 MusiCounts charity
 Nimbus School of Recording Arts

1949 births
Living people
Canadian Jews
Canadian record producers
Canadian Music Hall of Fame inductees
Musicians from Toronto
Kiss (band) personnel
Officers of the Order of Canada
Jack Richardson Producer of the Year Award winners

Bob Ezrin


6640 Falorni este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
6640 Falorni este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul San Vittore din Bologna. El prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,27 ua, o excentricitate de 0,07 și o înclinație de 5,2° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 6001-7000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1990
Centura de asteroizi

6640 Falorni


Malý Čepčín este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Turčianske Teplice din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 539 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu Bodorová și .

Istoric
Localitatea Malý Čepčín este atestată documentar din 1254.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Malý Čepčín


Indenfor studiet af international politik refererer neoliberalisme til en opfattelse af at stater første og fremmest er, eller i det mindste burde være, interesseret i absolutte gevinster frem for relative gevinster i forhold til andre stater. Neoliberalismen er en revideret udgave af liberalismen. Robert Keohane og Joseph Nye opfattes normalt som grundlæggerne af den neoliberale skole.

Sammen med neorealismen er neoliberalismen den mest indflydelsesrige moderne tilgang til studiet af international politik; de to perspektiver har domineret teorierne indenfor international politik i de seneste tre årtier.

Se også

 Liberalisme (international politik)
 Realisme (international politik)
 Neorealisme (international politik)
 Konstruktivisme (international politik)
 Den engelske Skole

Referencer

Litteratur

Teorier i international politik

Neoliberalisme (international politik)


Charles Grey, 2. Earl Grey, 19. yüzyıl Britanya başbakanlarından.
 Earl Grey (çay), özel bir çay harmanı.

Ayrıca bakınız: Earl, bir İngiliz asalet unvanı.

Earl Grey


BX har flere betydninger:

Transport
 Linje Bx − en linje i det københavnske S-togsnet
 BX – den nuværende IATA-kode for flyselskabet Air Busan (2007–)
 BX – en tidligere IATA-kode for flyselskabet Coast Air (1998–2008)
 Citroën BX − en bilmodel

Fysik
 Brix-skalaen (°Bx) – en skala, som angiver indholdet af sukker i en vandopløsning

Sport
 BX – et synonym for Snowboard Cross

BX


Znanstvenoistraživački brod je brod, namijenjen isključivo za znanstvena ili tehnološka istraživanja ili iskorištavanje mora, morskog dna ili njegova podzemlja, opremljen opremom i uređajima za tu namjenu, kao i smještajem za posebno osoblje.

Izvori

Plovila
Znanost

Znanstvenoistraživački brod


If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time ist eine Soul-Ballade des US-amerikanischen Sängers R. Kelly. Der Song wurde Ende des Jahres 1999 als Single aus seinem Studioalbum R. ausgekoppelt.

Kommerzieller Erfolg
If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time ist neben I'm Your Angel, Gotham City und I Believe I Can Fly ein weiterer globaler Charterfolg für den Sänger aus seinem Album R. Während der Titel in den USA die Top Ten verfehlte, erreichte er in Flandern, Wallonien, der Schweiz und in den Niederlanden die Spitze der Hitparade. Außerdem erreichte der Song Rang zwei in Deutschland, Österreich, Frankreich und Großbritannien. In diversen anderen Ländern platzierte sich der Song ebenfalls in den Top Ten. Für seine hohen Verkaufszahlen erhielt der Song in Belgien drei Platin-Schallplatten. Auch in zahlreichen anderen Ländern erhielt der Titel für seine Verkäufe Platin- und Goldene Schallplatten.

Komposition
R. Kelly schrieb und produzierte das Lied selbst. Der Titel erzählt von einer verflossenen Liebe und davon, wie der Protagonist sich wünschte, das Rad der Zeit zurückdrehen zu können. Entertainment Weekly verglich den Song mit Unchained Melody, bekannt in der Version des Soul-Duos Righteous Brothers. Auch wenn es sich um eine Contemporary-R&B-Ballade handelt, spricht der Rolling Stone dem Titel Gospel-Elemente zu.

Rezeption

Charts

Auszeichnungen für Musikverkäufe

Einzelnachweise

Nummer-eins-Hit
Popsong
Contemporary-R&B-Lied
Lied 1999
Platin-Lied (Deutschland)
Platin-Lied (Vereinigtes Königreich)
R. Kelly

If I Could Turn Back the Hands of Time


Dina Eduardovna Galiakbarova (în ; n. 2 noiembrie 1991, Bișkek, Kârgâzstan) este o scrimeră rusă specializată pe sabie, triplă campioană mondială pe echipe (în 2010, 2011 și 2012) și dublă campioană pe echipe (în 2012 și 2014).

S-a apucat de scrimă la vârsta de 14 ani. Tatăl său a fost primul antrenor. A devenit campioana europeană la juniori (U20) în 2010 și campioana europeană la tineret (U23) în 2011. În același an, a câștigat și Campionatul Mondial la juniori.

Palmares
Clasamentul la Cupa Mondială

Referințe
  Prezentare  la Confederația Europeană de Scrimă
  Profile la Federația Rusă de Scrimă

Scrimeri ruși
Sportivi ruși în viață
Sabreri

Dina Galiakbarova


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Pravica enthält die zwei nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützten Objekte in der Gemeinde Pravica im Okres Veľký Krtíš.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Pravica


Küpecik, Samsun ilinin Ladik ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Samsun iline 95 km, Ladik ilçesine 14 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar
Web sitesi
Küpecikliler Derneği

Ladik'in mahalleleri

Küpecik, Ladik


Daniel Fédou, né le  à Albi, est un joueur de rugby à XIII dans les années 1960 et 1970 évoluant au poste de centre.

Il dispute de nombreuses saisons en avec le club d'Albi. Avec ce club, il connaît le succès puisqu'il remporte le Championnat de France en 1977 et de Coupe de France en 1974, aux côtés de Michel Moussard, Fernand Kaminski, Jean-Pierre Trémouille et Christian Laskawiec. Fort de ses performances en club, il est sélectionné à une reprise en équipe de France en 1972.

Il occupe un rôle de vice-président de la fédération française de rugby à XIII dans les années 1970 au côté de René Mauriès tout en poursuivant sa carrière auprès du Ministère des Finances, et a été entraîneur-joueur de Paris-Châtillon.

Issu d'une famille socialiste à Albi, major de la promotion économie de polytechnique et ayant fréquenté l'école nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, il a eu des velléités politiques au cours de sa carrière se présentant notamment contre Jacques Chaban-Delmas aux élections législatives de 1993. Il a dirigé entre autres des entreprises comme l'usine Thomson du Haillan, Racia, Alvar et CEEM.

Biographie

Daniel Fédou joue de nombreuses années pour le club de rugby à XIII d'Albi prenant part aux titres de Championnat de France en 1977 et de Coupe de France en 1974. Il compte également une et unique sélection en équipe de France contre la Grande-Bretagne.

Palmarès

 Collectif :
 Vainqueur du Championnat de France : 1977 (Albi).
 Vainqueur de la Coupe de France : 1974 (Albi).

En sélection

Détails en sélection

Notes et références

Liens externes

International français de rugby à XIII
Entraîneur français de rugby à XIII
Dirigeant français de rugby à XIII
Naissance en mars 1949
Naissance à Albi

Daniel Fédou


الوَادِي المَغْمُور  هو مسطح مائي ساحلي شبيه بالخور، يصب فيه نهر من جهة، وهو متصل بالبحر من الجهة الأخرى، يتميز بأن مياه البحر تغمره، وهو ناتج عن ارتفاع مستوى البحر، وكذلك يُسمّى الوادي المغمور "شَرْم" كشرم ينبع.

المراجع

انظر أيضا
 الدلتا.
 الخور.
 الخلل.

تضاريس ساحلية ومحيطية
مصبات الأنهار

واد مغمور


The year 1788 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy
 December 21 – Caroline Herschel discovers the periodic comet 35P/Herschel–Rigollet.

Biology
 Dr. Edward Jenner publishes his observation that it is the newly hatched common cuckoo which pushes its host's eggs and chicks out of the nest.
 James E. Smith founds the Linnean Society of London.
 Utamaro publishes Ehon Mushi Erami ("Picture Book of Crawling Creatures") in Japan with color illustrations.
 Thomas Walter publishes Flora Caroliniana, the first flora of North America to follow Linnaean taxonomy.
 Gilbert White publishes The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, in the County of Southampton (dated 1789), a pioneering observational study of English ecology.

Earth sciences
 James Hutton's Theory of the Earth; or an Investigation of the Laws observable in the Composition, Dissolution, and Restoration of Land upon the Globe is published for the first time, in Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

Mechanics
 Lagrange's Mécanique analytique is published in Paris, introducing Lagrangian mechanics.

Medicine
 December 5 – Rev. Dr. Francis Willis is called in to advise on treatment of the mental condition of King George III of the United Kingdom.

Technology
 February 1 – Isaac Briggs and William Longstreet patent a steamboat in the United States.
 October 14 – William Symington demonstrates a paddle steamer on Dalswinton Loch in Scotland.

Awards
 Copley Medal: Charles Blagden

Births
 March 7 – Antoine César Becquerel, French scientist (died 1878)
 March 22 – Pierre Joseph Pelletier, French chemist (died 1842)
 April 18 – Charlotte Murchison, Scottish geologist (died 1869)
 May 10 – Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist (died 1827)
 July 1 – Jean-Victor Poncelet, French mechanical and military engineer and mathematician (died 1867)
 July 23 – Prideaux John Selby, English ornithologist (died 1867)
 September 12 – Charlotte von Siebold, German gynecologist (died 1859)
 October 14 – Edward Sabine, Anglo Irish physicist, astronomer and explorer (died 1883)
 December 21 – Thomas Southwood Smith, English physician and sanitary reformer (died 1861)
 James Murray, Irish physician (died 1871)

Deaths
 April 16 – Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, French naturalist (born 1707)
 May 8 – Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, Italian-Austrian naturalist (born 1723)
 October 17 – John Brown, Scottish-born physician (born 1735)
 December 6 - Nicole-Reine Lepaute, French astronomer (born 1723)
 Lucia Galeazzi Galvani, Italian scientist (born 1743)
 approx. date – Moses Harris, English entomologist and engraver (born 1730)

References

18th century in science
1780s in science

1788 in science


Kabartma  veya diğer adıyla rölyef, yüzey üzerine yapılan yükseltme ya da çökertmelere denir.

Alçak ve yüksek rölyef olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. Mimarlıkta da heykel sanatında da kullanılan bir terimdir. Yüzey üzerine yükseltilerek yapılıyorsa yüksek rölyef, çökertilerek yapılıyorsa alçak rölyef adını alır. Üzeri işlenebilir malzemeleri şekillendirme olarak da tanımlanabilir. Kabartma, sanat kolları dahil endüstri, tarım ve günlük hayatta da kullanılır.

Mimarlıkta kil, alçı, taş gibi işlenebilir malzemelerin yüzeyinde, alçaklı, yüksekli şekiller meydana getirmektir. Kabartma, ışık alan ve almayan yönlerin belirme derecesine ve yüzey şekline göre, alçak, orta yüksek olarak çeşitlenir. Alçak kabartma, yüzeyden çok az ayrılan kabartmalardır. Madalyon, para vb. şeylerde görülen kabartmalar bu şekildedir. Yüksek kabartma, yüzeyden oldukça yükselen kabartmalardır. Şeklin hemen hemen yarısı denilebilecek derecede yüksektir. Rond-bos kabartmalar ise heykele yaklaşır şekildedir. Şekiller satıha alçak taraflarından yapıştırılmış gibidirler.

Kabartma olarak yapılmış süslemeler, mimari yapılarda taşa, mermere işlendikleri gibi madenden ve ahşaptan yapılmış eşyalar üzerinde de görülürler. Şamdan, kapı tokmağı gibi madeni eşyalarda, kapı, pencere kanadı, rahle, dolap, çekmece gibi ahşap eşyalarda kabartma şeklinde yapılmış süslemelere çok rastlanır. Mimari eserlerin dış veya iç cephelerinde yapının görülecek yerlerinde taş veya mermer üstüne kabartılarak yapılmış süslemeler vardır.

Büyük Selçuklu devri mimarları, ana malzeme olan tuğlayı süslemede kullanmalarının yanında, stüko üzerinde yaptıkları kabartmalardan da geniş ölçüde faydalanmışlardır. Arabesk süslemeler arasındaki kufi yazıyla elde edilen kabartma süslemeler, Selçuklu mimarisinin karakteristik özelliği olarak kabul edilir. Merv, Nişabur ve Kazvin'de bulunan Selçuklu eserleri, bu mimarinin kabartma süslemelerinin en güzel örnekleridir.

Anadolu Selçuklu mimarisinde süs unsuru ön planda yer alır. Binalar geniş süslemeye imkân verecek tarzda inşa edilmiş gibidir. Kapı, pencere, söve ve friz gibi unsurlar şerit, örgü, kabara ve palmet gibi kabartmalarla bezenmiştir. Taş işlemeciliğinin ilerlediği Anadolu Selçuklu mimarisinde özellikle portallerde rumi denilen süsleme şekli kabartma olarak tatbik edilmiştir. Bu devre ait kabartma süslemeye en iyi örnekler, Divriği Ulu Cami, Karatay Medresesi, Niğde Alaaddin Camii portali, Konya Sırçalı Medrese, Erzurum Çifte Minareli Medresede görülür.

Osmanlı sanatında taş işçiliği üç ana grupta toplanır: 1. Kabartma, 2. Şebeke, 3. Renkli taş. İlk devir Osmanlı mimarisinin taş süslemesinin önemli bir kısmını kabartmalar teşkil eder. Yuvarlak, sivri profilli veya düz yüzeyli olmak üzere çeşitli teknikler alçak kabartma olarak tatbik edilmiştir. İznik Yeşil Cami taş süsleme sanatının en iyi örneklerine sahiptir. Sütun ve paye başlıkları ile kemer yastıklarında görülen lotus ve palmet motifleri düz satıhlı kabartma tekniğiyle yapılmıştır. Bursa Yıldırım Camiinde ise kabartma klasikleşmiş bir görüntü içindedir. Mukarnasın bol ve ince işçilikle kullanılması camiye ayrı bir özellik kazandırmaktadır. Bursa Yeşil Camii ise, klasik devirde Osmanlı taş işçiliğinin varacağı en olgun seviyede süslemelere sahiptir. Edirne Üç Şerefeli Camiinde de taşa işlenmiş kabartma yazının en girift istifli örneklerinden biri portalinde görülebilir.

Çok çeşitli zevklerin, işçiliğin ve motif bileşimlerinin ortaya konulduğu Osmanlı mimari sanatı, 17. asırdan sonra klişeleşmiş ve rumi grubu ile mukarnasın bol kullanıldığı eserler vermeye başlamıştır.

Alçak kabartma
Bir yüzeyden, hafif bir çıkıntı olarak ayrılan heykel türüne denir.

Ortadoğu'da, eski çağlardan kalam din dışı ya da dinsel süslemelerde kullanılan birçok alçakkabartma bulundu. Alçakkabartmanın temel kuralları, taş malzeme açısından fakir olmasına rağmen, Sümer sanatı tarafından saptandı. Öteki halklar, topraklarında bulunan malzemeye göre, kaya (hititler) ya da taş levhalar üzerine (Asurlatr ve Ahemenid Persler), eski olayları canlandıran sahneler işlediler.
Mısırlılar, en eski çağlardan beri, mezar odalarını, tapınaklarını, sunak taşlarını, dikilitaşlarını, oyulmuş ya da yüzeyleri geçişli alçakkabartmalarla süslemişlerdi. Yunanlılari tapınaklarının frizlerine alçakkabartma eklediler (Parthenon'un Panathenaia frizi).

Günümüzde kabartma sanatı
Kabartma sanatındaki geçmişi Antik Yunan'a ve daha öncesindeki eski Anadolu uygarlıklarına kadar dayanan Türkiye, bu köklü mirasını birçok kabartma sanatı dalında devam ettirmektedir. Bu kabartma sanatı dallarından Türkiye'de en sık rastlananlarından birisi bakır (kabartma) rölyef sanatıdır. Tablolar, duvar kompozisyonları, dekoratif kaplamalar (şömine, davlumbaz, kapı, sehpa ve çeşitli eşya kaplamaları gibi örneklerine günümüzde sıkça rastlanmaktadır. Türkiye'de bu amaçla üretim yapan firma ve şahıslar daha çok Elazığ, Urfa, Erzincan, Konya, Çorum ve Samsun illerimizde yer almaktadır. Fakat birçok kültürel tarihe sahip olan sanat dalında olduğu gibi Türkiye'deki bakır kabartma ile sanat olarak ilgilenen uzman sanatçı sayısı çok azdır. Ayrıca Kabartma sanatı icra edilirken tamamen geleneksel yöntemlerin kullanılması, el emeğinin çok fazla olması ve ortaya çıkan eserlerin eşsiz olması bakır rölyef sanat eserlerini çok değerli kılmaktadır.

Bakır Kabartma Nasıl Yapılır
Kabartılmak istenen bakır levha kalınlığına ve motif detaylarına göre çeşitli materyallerden (ahşap, metal, plastik vs.) üretilen kabartma kalemleri-aletleri kullanılır. Genellikle kabartma kalemleri kabartmayı yapan sanatçının kendi kullanımına göre tasarlayıp imal ettiği aletlerdir. Bakır levha yüzeyi temizlenerek işlenecek olan motif yüzeye çizilir. Çizilen motif daha sonra uzaktan-yakına ilkesi göz önünde bulundurularak kabartılmaya başlanır. Her kabartma evresinde kabarması istenmeyen fon tekrar tekrar indirilmelidir. Kabartma işlemi tamamlandıktan sonra rölyef yüzeyi tekrar temizlenerek zırnıklama işlemi yapılır. Zırnık adı verilen sodyumsülfat bileşiği, az miktarda kükürt ve bolca su ile karıştırılarak kaynatılır. Kaynayan kimyasal karışım özenle, temizlenmiş rölyef yüzeyine sürülerek bakırın koyu bir renk almasını sağlar. Zırnıklama işlemi bittikten sonra rölyef kurumaya bırakılır. Kuruyan rölyef üzeri ince bir zımpara veya benzeri bir materyal ile temizlenerek çukur bölgelerin koyu renkte kalması sağlanır. Bu işlem sona erdikten sonra verniklenen rölyef tamamlanmış olur.

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

Heykel teknikleri
Heykel terimleri
Mimarlık terimleri
Güzel sanatlar

Kabartma


L'épreuve du relais mixte 4 x 6 km  biathlon aux Jeux olympiques de 2022 a lieu le  au Centre de ski nordique et de biathlon de Guyangshu. C'est la troisième fois que cette épreuve est disputée aux Jeux olympiques.

Dans une course à rebondissements où le vent changeant entraîne de nombreuses pioches et tours de pénalité, la victoire se joue au sprint entre trois derniers relayeurs : Johannes Thingnes Bø pour la Norvège devance Quentin Fillon Maillet pour la France, suivi par Eduard Latypov pour le comité olympique russe. L'équipe de Norvège remporte ainsi son deuxième relais mixte aux Jeux, après s'être imposée lors de l'épreuve inaugurale à Sotchi en 2014. La France, qui était tenante du titre, est à nouveau sur le podium.

Médaillés

Résultats

Notes et références

Biathlon aux Jeux olympiques de 2022
Relais en biathlon
Relais mixte

Relais mixte de biathlon aux Jeux olympiques de 2022


فنلندا الوسطى  ، إقليم فنلندي. سابقاً بين عامي 1956 و 1997 كانت هنالك مقاطعة تسمى أيضاً فنلندا الوسطى. عاصمة الإقليم والمقاطعة السابقة هي مدينة يوفاسكولا.

على الرغم من اسمه، فإن إقليم فنلندا الوسطى ليس المركز الجغرافي لفنلندا، ولكنه في وسط الجزء الجنوبي منها.

انقرضت اللهجات المحكية في الإقليم الآن، لدرجة أن الكثير من الناس يتحدثون مثل اللغة المكتوبة.

المراجع

فنلندا الوسطى
أقاليم فنلندا
فنلندا الغربية

فنلندا الوسطى


في الجبر التجريدي، السيدينيون يشكل 16 بعداً جبرياً فوق الأعداد الحقيقية. يرمز لمجموعة السيدينيون بالرمز . يعرف حالياً نوعان من السيدينيون:
 سيدينيون تم الحصول عليه من إنشاء كايلي-ديكسون
 سيدينيون مخروطي (ذو 16 بعداً جبرياً).

سيدينيون كايلي-ديكسون
بشكل مشابه للأوكتونيون، فإن عملية ضرب السيدينيون هي عملية غير تبديلية وغير تجميعية. ولكنه يمتلك خاصية تجميع القوى.

كل سيدينيون هو عبارة عن تركيب خطي لعناصره وهي: 1, e1, e2, e3, e4, e5, e6, e7, e8, e9, e10, e11, e12, e13, e14 and e15 والتي هي أسس الفضاء الشعاعي للسيدينيون.

يعطى جدول ضرب عناصر السيدينيون الستة عشرة على الشكل التالي:

مراجع

أعداد
جبر تجريدي

سيدينيون


Abaixo está o sistema de qualificação e os comitês olímpicos nacionais qualificados ao Squash nos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023, programado para ser realizado em Santiago, no Chile, de 31 de outubro a 5 de novembro de 2023.

Sistema de classificação
Um total de 50 atletas de squash (25 homens e 25 mulheres) irão se classificar para competir. Cada nação pode inscrever no máximo seis atletas (três por gênero), exceto para os CONs que se classificaram em Cali 2021. O país-sede, Chile, classificou automaticamente a equipe máxima. Outras sete equipes masculinas e femininas (de três atletas) irão se classificar através de outros torneios classificatórios.

Linha do tempo

Sumário de qualificação

Masculino

Feminino

Referências

P
P
Qualificação para os Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023
Squash nos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023

Squash nos Jogos Pan-Americanos de 2023 - Qualificação


Joystick, oyun çubuğu, Kontrol Kolu, Yönetim Kolu veya İdare Çubuğu esasen kontrol çubuğu anlamında, video oyunlarında kontrol sistemini oluşturan, oyunu oynatan ve modeline göre giriş, çıkış ve algılama fonksiyonu olan kontrol aracıdır.

Klasik joystick
 Klasik Joystick: Tam anlamıyla sadece 1 veya 2 Buton + yönlendirme, fonksiyonlarından oluşan kontrol aracıdır.

İkinci nesil Joystick
 İkinci nesil Joystickler 2 den fazla butonlu, kusursuz ergonomik yapıları olan, yönlendirme fonksiyonu Analog'olan ve her türlü hassas yönlendirmeyi algılayan ve en önemlisi giriş ve çıkış fonksiyonu olan kontrol aracıdır.
 Giriş ve çıkış fonksiyonları: eksiden konrol araçları sadece oyununu oynayan kişinin seçimini alıp oyuna yansıtıyor dolayısıyla sadece oyun konsolu girişleri algılıyordu ama teknoloji ile konsollarda değişti ve algılamaya cevap veren konsollar ve Joystickler geliştirildi. Bunlar algıladıkları hareketin sonucuna göre bir tepkiveriyorlar genelde titreşim denilen bu özellik oyun konsollarında ilk PlayStation (dual shock) da görüldü. Örneğin: bir arabayarışı oyununda kazayapmanız halinde Joystick kazanın şiddetine göre tepki (titreşim) gönderiyor olması.

Son nesil Joystick
Son nesil joysticklere en iyi örnek Japonya'da 14 Temmuz 2008'de çıkan Nintendo'nun Wii Motion Plus'ını örnek gösterebiliriz. Çıkış haftasında 65.000 kadar satışı olmuştur. Bu yeni nesil joystick daha karışık hareketleri yakalamayı mümkün kılmaktadır. Cihaz sadece kendi işlevselliklerinin kullanabileceği özel olarak geliştirilmiş oyunlarda (örneğin Guitar Hero) elverişlidir.
 Kablosuz kontrol
 Giriş çıkış fonksiyonu
 Algılama fonksiyonu: Algılama fonksiyonu oyunu oynayan kişinin hareherhangi butonları veya yönlendirme çubuğunu kullanmadan yaptığı hareketi sensörlerle algılayıp oyuna yansıtması. Örn. bir golf oyununda konrol aracını golf sopası gibi kullanıp atış yapılması.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Analog çubuğu
 Gamepad

Dış bağlantılar

 Oyun çubuklarının evrimi

 çubuğu
Bilgisayar giriş cihazları
Bilgisayar donanımları
İşaretleme aygıtları
çubuğu
Diğer çevre birimleri
Uçak kumanda yüzeyleri
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri icatları

Oyun çubuğu


Sambas & Mais Sambas é um álbum de estúdio da cantora e compositora brasileira Elza Soares, lançado em 1970 pela Odeon e com produção musical de Milton Miranda e Lyrio Panicali.

Contexto e produção
Com produção musical de Milton Miranda e Lyrio Panicali e arranjos de Nelsinho, o álbum traz composições de Wilson Simonal, Jorge Ben Jor, Paulinho da Viola, Ronaldo Bôscoli, Carlos Imperial e outros. Neste período, Elza vivia um período turbulento em sua vida pessoal, sobretudo pela ditadura militar que, mais tarde, a fez se mudar para a Itália em exílio.

Lançamento
Sambas & Mais Sambas foi lançado em 1970 pela Odeon em vinil.

A obra foi relançada em CD em 2003 dentro da caixa Negra, com direção de Marcelo Fróes. Nesta versão de relançamento, foram incluídas mais 4 faixas que não estavam presentes no álbum original: "Capoeira", "Mestre-Sala", "Sei Lá, Mangueira" e "Folhas no Ar".

Faixas
A seguir lista-se as faixas de Sambas & Mais Sambas:
Lado A
"Mas Que Nada"
"Recado"
"Dá-me tuas mãos"
"Vejam só"
"Pressentimento"
"Máscara da face"
Lado B
"Tributo a Martin Luther King"
"Comunicação"
"Maior é Deus"
"Tributo a Dom Fuas"
"Seu José"
"Meu consôlo é você"

Álbuns de 1970
Álbuns de Elza Soares
Álbuns em língua portuguesa

Sambas & Mais Sambas


مجمع البيان في تفسير القرآن، يعد من أهم التفاسير الشيعية للقرآن الكريم، وهو من تأليف الفقيه والمفسر الشيعي الفضل بن الحسن الطبرسي (469 - 548هـ)، وأعتبره بعض الباحثون من التفاسير القيمة الذي وقع موقع القبول عند الشيعة وأهل السنة والجماعة، واعتبره الفريقين من أقدم المصادر التفسيرية، كما أن الدارسين والباحثين يرون لهذا التفسير أهمية من حيث الدقة والترتيب والإتقان والوضوح، ومن مميّزات هذا التفسير أن المؤلف تطرق فيه لتفسير القرآن الكريم معتمدًا في ذلك على اللغة، ثم الإعراب، ثم الحجة، ثم القراءة، ثم المعنى، ولم يقتصر المؤلف على آراء مذهب دون آخر، بل ذكر آراء جميع المذاهب الإسلامية، فجاء هذا التفسير مميزاً عن سائر التفاسير ومعترفاً به من قبل الأمة الإسلامية قاطبة.

المؤلف

الفضل بن الحسن الطَبرِسي الملقب بـأمين الإسلام (469 - 548هـ)، مفسر، محدث، فقيه، متكلم، أديب، لغوي، رياضي، ومن علماء الشيعة في القرن السادس الهجري وأحد، وينسب الطبرسي إلى تفريش وتلفظ الطَبرِسي.

ولد في مدينة مشهد سنة 468 هـ أو 469 هـ، وابنه أبو نصر الحسن بن الفضل بن الحسن الطبرسي صاحب كتاب (مكارم الأخلاق)، وحفيده هو أبوالفضل علي بن الحسن بن الفضل الحسن الطبرسي صاحب كتاب نثر اللئالي وكتاب مشكاة الأنوار وهو كتاب مكمل لكتاب مكارم الأخلاق.

توفي سنة 548 هـ، في مدينة سبزوار، وكان قد قضى آخر خمسة وعشرين سنة من عمره هناك. وبعد وفاته نقل جثمانه إلى مشهد ودفن بالقرب من الحرم الرضوي.

 قال عنه النوري الطبرسي:
 وقال عنه الخوانساري:
 قال عنه أسد الله التستري:
 قال الحر العاملي:
 قال عنه المجلسي:
 قال عنه صاحب كتاب مجالس المؤمنين:
 قال عنه عباس القمي:

سبب التأليف
يقال أن سبب التأليف قصة حصلت للطبرسي وقد نقلها عبد الله أفندي الأصبهاني في كتابه رياض العلماء، وهي كالتالي:

منهجية التفسير واتجاهه

تحدث المؤلف عن منهجه في هذا التفسير، يقول:

مكانة تفسير مجمع البيان

يعد تفسير مجمع البيان من أهم وأفضل تفاسير المسلمين عموما، وله منزلة رفيعة عند الشيعة يضاهي منزلة «جامع البيان في تفسير القرآن» عند أهل السنة وقد اعترف بمكانته السامية علماء الشيعة والسنة، ومما ورد في حق هذا التفسير ما كتبه محمود شلتوت شيخ جامع الأزهر ومن مؤسسي «دار التقريب بن المذاهب الإسلامية» في مقدمة لإحدى طبعات هذا التفسير:

ويقول عبد المجيد سليم –شيخ الجامع الأزهر آنذاك ووكيل جماعة التقريب- عن هذا التفسير:  ويقول حسن الذهبي:

منهج الطبرسي

 اتخذ الطبرسي طريقة تجزئة المادة العلمية التي يذكرها، فهو يبتدأ البحث بذكر القراءات، ويذكر عادة القراءات العشر وبعض القراءات الشاذة، ويذكر ضمنا الاختلاف في عدد الآيات إن وجد، ثم الحجة وبعدها يعرج على ذكر اللغة ثم الإعراب ثم أسباب النزول، وبعد ذكر كل هذه البحوث التمهيدية، يشرع في بحث المعنى.
ويذكر الطبرسي في تفسيره أسماء السورة، وبيان مكان نزولها، وعدد آياتها، وفضلها، ومناسبتها لما قبلها، وسبب النزول والقراءة والحجة، وغيرها، والذي يشكل كل واحد من هذه فرعاً من فروع علوم القرآن التي درج العلماء على ذكرها في كتب علوم القرآن.

ومن أهم مميزات هذا التفسير:

 أولى الطبرسي مسألة تناسب السور عناية خاصة، فقد حرص على ذكر تناسب أكثر السور القرآنية مع ما قبلها، في محاولة لبيان ارتباطها، حيث ذكر التناسب بين 109 سور من بين 114 سورة ذكرت في القرآن الكريم.
 يُولي الطبرسي مسألة تناسب الآيات في السور عناية خاصة، فهو كثيراً ما يذكر ارتباط الآية أو الآيات بما قبلها فعند الشروع في بيان معنى الآية أو الآيات يذكر وجه ارتباطها بما قبلها وقد لا يكتفي بذكر وجه واحد، بل يذكر وجوهاً متعددة.
 سلك طريقة من يذكر آية أو عدة آيات بما يناسب المقام ثم يشرع في تفسيرها، فهو لم يلتزم طريقة ذكر الآية منفردة ثم ينتقل إلى غيرها، بل ينظر إلى السياق والموضوع، وبعد ذلك يقطع الآية إلى مقاطع متناسبة، ويأخذ بتفسير كل مقطع بما حضره من التفسير.
 لا يكتفي بذكر الرأي المعتمد في التفسير، بل يورد ما استطاع جمعه من آراء.
 أنّه لا يقتصر على ذكر الآراء المنسوبة إلى الصحابة والتابعين وأئمة الشيعة، بل يضيف إليها ما وصل إليه من آراء غيرهم، كأبي مسلم وأبي علي الجبائي، وأبي هاشم الجبائي والفراء والزجاج وغيرهم.
 حينما ينقل أقوال العلماء في تفسير آية يصوغ العبارة بقلمه، ويقدمها بأسلوبه هو ثم ينسبها.
 تعرض لبيان الأحكام الشرعية التي تتضمنها الآيات المفسرة بشكل موجز.
 يتعرض أحياناًَ لبعض المباحث الكلامية بشكل موجز.

عدد النشر والترجمة

طبع تفسير مجمع البيان لعدة مرات في مصر وبيروت وطهران، ولا يسع الإشارة إلى جميع الطبعات، لكن من أفضل طبعات هذا التفسير طبعة طهران والذي حقّقه، وعلق عليه أبو الحسن الشعراني، وهو يتضمن فوائد أدبية وتاريخية وتفسيرية وكلامية وعقائدية قيمة، وفي مقدمة هذه الطبعة تطرق المحقّق إلى ترجمة المؤلف ومناقشة التفسير من جوانب عديدة. فمن طبعات المعروفة لمجمع البيان هي:

 طهران، المكتبة العلمية، تصحيح وتعليق: أبو الحسن الشعراني.
 القاهرة، دار التقريب بين المذاهب الإسلامية، بمقدمة محمود شلتوت ، 12 جزءاً.
 بيروت، دار إحياء التراث العربي، 5 أجزاء، 1379هـ.

انظر أيضًا
 التبيان في تفسير القرآن
 الأمثل في تفسير كتاب الله المنزل (كتاب)
 علم التفسير

وصلات خارجية

 تحميل الكتاب
 تصفح الكتاب
 قراءة الكتاب

المصادر

كتب تفسير القرآن شيعية

مجمع البيان


Thomas Hayes (født 7. marts 1997) er en norsk skuespiller, der er kendt for rollen som William Magnusson i sæson 1 og 2 i den norske tv-serie Skam.

Hayes har i efteråret 2016 indspillet en kriminalserie i 3 afsnit "Elven", hvor han spiller en værnepligtig i Nordnorge. Serien sendes på norsk TV3 i marts 2017. Han har ligeledes indspillet en kortfilm "Fuck fossils", som omhandler en almindelig norsk families udfordringer i 2050, hvor temperaturen på Jorden er steget med 2 grader.

I april og maj 2017 skal han optræde som DJ på Tryvann Festivallen, som finder sted i Oslo for afgangsklasser fra gymnasier og handelsgymnasier i Norge. Men han satser på skuespillet og ikke musikkarrieren.

Han bor i Oslo.

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

Skuespillere fra Norge

Thomas Hayes


Vaalserberg er en bakke med en højde på 322,4 m over NAP og det højeste punkt i den europæiske del af Holland. Vaalserberg ligger i provinsen Limburg ved Hollands syd-østligste punkt tæt på byen Vaals som det er opkaldt efter.

Da Hollands caribiske besiddelser blev gjort til en del af Kongeriget Nederlandene blev Vaalserbergs position som Hollands højeste punkt overtaget af Mount Scenery på Saba.

Trelandehjørnet

Trelandsgrænsen mellem Tyskland, Belgien og Holland ligger på Vaalserberg, så den top kaldes Drielandenpunt ("trelandepunkt") på hollandsk, Dreiländereck ("trelandehjørne") på tysk og Trois Frontières ("tre grænser") på fransk.

Trelandehjørnet grænser på den belgiske side mod regionen Vallonien mod både det fransktalende område som udgør hovedparten af Vallonien, og et meget lille område med en tysktalende befolkning. Mellem 1830 og 1919 var toppen en firlandsgrænse idet Neutrale Moresnet som nu er en del af Belgiens tysksprogede område, også grænsede til Vaalserberg.

Den nuværende belgisk-tyske grænse er ikke den samme som Moresnets tidligere østgrænse mod Preussen, men går lidt længere mod øst. Så i alt fem forskellige grænser har mødtes i dette punkt, men aldrig mere end fire ad gangen, undtagen muligvis mellem 1917 og 1920 da grænsesituationen var uklar og omstridt.

Grænsehjørnet har gjort Vaalserberg til en velkendt turistattraktion i Holland med et 50 m højt udsigtstårn på den belgiske side (hollandsk: Boudewijntoren, fransk: Tour Baudouin, tysk: Balduin-Turm) som åbnede i 1994 som erstatning for et tidligere 33 m højt tårn bygget i 1970.

Firgrænsevejen

Vejen som fører til Grænsehjørnet på den hollandske side hedder Viergrenzenweg ("firgrænsevej"), sikkert på grund af Moresnet. Navnene på vejene i Belgien (Route des Trois Bornes) og Tyskland (Dreiländerweg) refererer kun til tre. Ved vejen på den hollandske side er det 35 m høje udsigtstårn Wilhelminatoren med en restaurant og stier i skoven. Det nuværende tårn åbnede officielt 7. oktober 2011 og har elevator og glasgulv. Det første tårn på stedet var bygget i 1905 mens dronning Vilhelmine som det er opkaldt efter, regerede. Det andet tårn som var 20 m højt, åbnede 11. august 1951 og blev nedrevet i vinteren 2010-2011 på grund af dårlig tilstand og høje vedligeholdelsesudgifter.

Landevejscykling

Vaalserberg bruges tit i landevejsløbet Amstel Gold Race hvor det bestiges midtvejs i løbet. Stigningen kaldes Drielandenpunt i løbets rutebeskrivelse og efterfølges af Gemmenich-stigningen.

Galleri

Referencer

Bjerge i Holland
Bjerge i Tyskland
Bjerge og bakker i Belgien

Vaalserberg


Djiarama es una película del año 2007.

Sinopsis
Un equipo de la ONG canaria Nimba recorre Guinea Conakry proyectando el documental Europa: ¿paraíso o espejismo? en el que cinco inmigrantes subsaharianos cuentan su experiencia como protagonistas del viaje irregular en patera desde el África Subsahariana hasta las costas de las Islas Canarias. Allí, personas de diferentes grupos sociales hablan de la situación del país, de las motivaciones que les empujan a marcharse y de las posibles soluciones a un conflicto que está de total actualidad.

Premios
 Premio del Público. Docupolis 2007
 Premio del Público. Docusur 2007

Referencias

Djiarama


Ferrari 355 je sportski automobil, dvosjed koji je od 1994. do 1999. proizvodila talijanska tvrtka Ferrari. Model je bio nasljednik modela Ferrari 348, te prethodnik modela Ferrari 360.

Automobil s pogonom na stražnje kotače, pogonio je središnje smješten 3.5 L V8 motor. Za razliku od prethodnika, zapremnina motora je povećana s 3.4 na 3.5 L, te je povećan broj ventila po cilindru na 5. Motor je razvija 375 KS (279 kW).

U svijetu je proizvedeno oko 11273 primjerak automobila, te je bio najprodavaniji model Ferrarija do tada.

Inačice su bili kupe izvedba Berlinetta, GTS targa izvedba i kabriolet Spider.

Ferrarijevi automobili

Ferrari F355


Det Litauiske Råd () var Litauens statslige råd. Rådet blev nedsat ved Vilniuskonferencen, der fandt sted 18.-23. september 1917. Rådet havde til formål at grundlægge en selvstændig litauisk stat. Den 16. februar 1918 underskrev medlemmerne Litauens uafhængighedserklæring. Rådet var aktivt frem til den 15. maj 1920, hvor parlamentet Seimas trådte sammen.

Litauiske Råd, Det
Etableret i 1917
Ophørt i 1920

Det Litauiske Råd


is a town located in Sen'nan District, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 43,154 in 18377 households and a population density of 2500 persons per km2. The total area of the town is .

Geography
Kumatori is located 30 kilometers from central Osaka, in the southern part of Osaka Prefecture, east of Izumisano City, where Kansai International Airport is located. The town is roughly in the shape of a leaf, about 4.8 kilometers east-west and 7.8 kilometers north-south.
The eastern part is the foothills of the Izumi Mountains, and the ground is gradually lower from the southeast toward the northwest. The Mide, Uyama, and Sumiyoshi rivers that originate in the Izumi Mountains flow through the central part of the town towards Osaka Bay.

Neighboring municipalities
 Izumisano
 Kaizuka

Climate
Kumatori has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kumatori is . The average annual rainfall is  with June as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around .

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Kumatori has been increasing over the past century.

History
The area of the modern town of Kumatori was within ancient Izumi Province. As a place name, "Kumatori" appears in the ancient Nihon Kōki as a place where Emperor Kanmu went hunting in 804 AD. In the Kamakura period, the area was part of a landed estate called "Kumatori-no-shō".  During the Edo Period, the area was largely under the control of Kishiwada Domain. The village Kumatori was established within Hine District with the creation of the modern municipalities system on April 1, 1889. On  April 1, 1896, the area became part of Sennan District, Osaka. Kumatori was elevated to town status on November 3, 195.1

Government
Kumatori has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 14 members. Kumatori collectively with the cities of Kaizuka, Sennan, Hannan and the minor municipalities of Sen'nan District contributes two members to the Osaka Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Osaka 19th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Since then Meiji period, Kumatori has been noted for its production of textiles, notably cotton cloth. Agriculture and horticulture also play major roles in the local economy. In exchange for hosting Kyoto University's Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, the government agreed to make Kumatori Station on the Hanwa Line a stop for express trains, which has contributed to large-scale residential land development  and a rapid increase in population since 1963.

Education

Universities and colleges
 Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences
 Osaka University of Tourism
 Kyoto University's Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science is located in Kumatori.

Primary and secondary education
Kumatori has five public elementary schools and three public middle schools operated by the town government, and one public combined middle/high school operated by the Osaka Prefectural Board of Education.

Transportation

Railways
 JR West – Hanwa Line

Highways

Local attractions
Okuyama-Ameyama Nature Park

Sister city relations
 Mildura, Victoria, Australia

Notable people from Kumatori
 Toru Murata, baseball player
 Sei Muroya, football player
 Yuhei Nakaushiro, baseball player

References

External links

Kumatori official website

Towns in Osaka Prefecture
Kumatori, Osaka

Kumatori, Osaka


Inimutaba es un municipio brasileño del estado de Minas Gerais. Su población estimada en 2004 era de 6.159 habitantes. Está a 6 kilómetros de Curvelo, la ciudad más grande de la región.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Minas Gerais

Inimutaba


Fjernsyn er en dansk kortfilm fra 2010 instrueret af Christopher Krøyer Magelund og efter manuskript af Lho Brockhoff.

Handling
Et ægtepar tilbringer alle deres aftener foran fjernsynet, men det er mest manden, der virker inddraget af TV'et . Kvinden er rastløs og forsøger at tiltrække sig mandens opmærksomhed gennem forskellige ting – hun larmer og laver popcorn, men intet hjælper. Kvinden observerer, at hendes mand stirrer på en anden kvinde klædt i rødt inde i fjernsynet, og næste dag iklæder hun sig selv den lille røde og forsøger at forføre sin mand. Da dette heller ikke virker, stiller hun sig foran fjernsynet, men han ser bare forbi hende. Kvinden forlader stille lokalet. Næste aften sidder manden alene og ser fjernsyn, og ser pludselig sig selv på skærmen, med sin kone ved siden af sig. Hun står med kufferter og sin jakke og vinker farvel, før hun går. Manden ser sig omkring og opdager, at han er alene...

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2010
Film om elektronik

Fjernsyn (film)


ثالث كوكب بعد الشمس  هو مسلسل أمريكي كوميدي يعتمد على كوميديا الموقف وحاصل على عدة جوائز من مهرجان إيمي، وقد تمت إذاعة حلقاته من 1996 حتى 2001 على قناة هيئة الإذاعة الوطنية.

القصة
مجموعة من المخلوقات الفضائية يصلون إلى كوكب الأرض من أجل دراسته. و لكي لا تكتشف هويتهم الحقيقية فإنهم اتخذوا هيئة أجسام البشر لدراسة المشاعر الإنسانية وحركات الجسد والحاجات النفسية، من دون أن يكون لديهم أدنى فكرة عما يحدث لهم. ويتولى قائد هذه المجموعة وظيفة أستاذ جامعي بينما يكون الخبير العسكري أخته وخبير المعلومات ابنه ومسئول الاتصالات أخيه الأصغر.

الشخصيات
 جون ليثغو في دور ديك سولومون: القائد الأعلى لمجموعة المخلوقات الفضائية. يتصرف كالأطفال عادة. يعتبر أصغر المخلوقات الفضائية عمرا على الرغم من كونه الأكبر سنا في العائلة البشرية.
 كريستين جونستون في دور سالي سولومون: تحمل رتبة ملازم في الجيش وتعتبر ضابط الأمن والذراع الأيمن للقائد الأعلى، أما في الأسرة البشرية فهي الأخت الأصغر لديك.
 فرينش ستيوارت في دور هاري سولومون: لم يكن من ضمن المجموعة الاستكشافية ولكن بسبب وجود مقعد خالي في المركبة فقد تم استدعائه من أجل أن يكون مسئول الاتصالات. في كثير من الأحيان يتلقى رسائل من قائد ديك الرأس الكبير الضخم. وفي الأسرة البشرية فهو يعتبر أخ ديك وسالي وعم تومي.
 جوزيف جوردون-ليفيت في دور تومي سولومون: ضابط المعلومات والمسئول الثالث في المجموعة. ويلعب تومي دور ابن ديك على الرغم من كونه أكبر المخلوقات الفضائية عمرا. وترك جوردون-ليفيت المسلسل بعد نهاية الجزء الخامس ولكنه في الجزء السادس كان يظهر بشكل قليل كضيف شرف في الحلقات.
 جين كورتين في دور الأستاذة ماري أولبرايت: زميلة ديك في الجامعة وحبيبته. تعتبر ماري أن ديك إنسان عديم الإحساس وغبي ولكنها لا تستطيع الابتعاد عنه بسبب تصرفاته الطفولية التي تضحكها.
 سيمبي كالي في دور نينا كامبل: المساعدة الإدارية لديك وماري. تقوم ببعض الأمور المجانية لصالح ديك مثل ذهابها لتغيير إطارات سيارته. رأي نينا في ديك بأنه إنسان غبي، أناني، وأحمق ولا تعلم سبب حب ماري له ولكن في بعض المشاهد فإنهما يبدوان في منتهى الانسجام.
 إلماري وينديل في دور السيدة مامي دوبتشيك: المرأة التي أجرت شقتها للمخلوقات الفضائية وهي تتميز بعدم اهتمامها بالآخرين وشغفها بالعشق وإشاراتها الجنسية الواضحة. تتميز علاقتها بالأسرة بالحب والود ودائما تصعد إلى شقتهم من أجل الاطمئنان عليهم.
 واين نايت في دور الضابط دون ليسلي أورفيل: يعمل في قسم شرطة قرية روثيرفورد. لا يتميز بالبراعة في عمله ويرتبط بعلاقة حب مع سالي ويتضح في الحلقة الأخيرة بأن دون جبان وانضم إلى سلك الشرطة من أجل أن يكون محاطا برجال الشرطة من أجل حمايته.

أبرز ضيوف شرف الحلقات
 الموسم الأول: مارثا ستيوارت، فيل هارتمان، جون ماهوني، لورين جراهام
 الموسم الثاني: دينيس رودمان، جورج تاكي، أل فرانكين، مايك ديتكا، مارك هاميل، راندي نيومان
 الموسم الثالث: روزان بار، إلين ستريتش، سيندي كروفورد، دوم ديلويس، جون كليس
 الموسم الرابع: لوري ميتكالف، كاثي بيتس، ويليام شاتنر
 الموسم الخامس: بيلي كونولي، ديفيد هاسيلهوف، تشاينا، ميغيل فيرير، ألان كومينغ، إنريكو كولانتوني
 الموسم السادس: ميغان مولالي، إلفيس كوستيلو

جوائز المسلسل في مهرجان إيمي

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أعمال عن التعليم العالي
برامج تلفزيونية باللغة الإنجليزية
جامعات وكليات خيالية
خيال علمي كوميدي
عروض تلفزيونية تقع أحداثها في أوهايو
مسلسلات أمريكية انتهت في 2001
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية بدأ عرضها في 1996
مسلسلات تلفزيونية خيالية علمية كوميدية أمريكية في عقد 1990
مسلسلات تلفزيونية خيالية علمية كوميدية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية عن الحياة خارج الأرض
مسلسلات تلفزيونية عن معلمين
مسلسلات عن عائلات
مسلسلات كوميديا موقف أمريكية
مسلسلات تلفزيونية عن تعليم عال

ثالث كوكب بعد الشمس (مسلسل)