"Zombie" is a protest song by Irish alternative rock band the Cranberries, written by the band's lead singer Dolores O'Riordan about The Troubles in Northern Ireland. It was released on 19 September 1994 by Island Records as the lead single from their second studio album, No Need to Argue (1994), two weeks ahead of the album's release. Music critics have long recognized "Zombie" as "a masterpiece of alternative rock", as well as a grunge number uncharacteristic of the band's other work.

"Zombie" reached No. 1 on the charts of Australia, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, and Iceland, and although it did not chart on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. It did reach No. 1 on the US Billboard Alternative Airplay chart. In addition, the song was voted by Australian radio Triple J listeners as No. 1 on the 1994 Triple J Hottest 100 chart. It won the Best Song Award at the 1995 MTV Europe Music Awards. The accompanying music video was directed by Samuel Bayer.

In 2017, the song was released as an acoustic, stripped-down version on the band's Something Else album. In April 2020, it became the first song by an Irish group to surpass one billion views on YouTube.

Background

The Troubles were a conflict in Northern Ireland from the late 1960s to 1998. During the conflict more than 3,500 people died and thousands more were injured. The Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA), an Irish republican paramilitary organisation, waged an armed campaign to end British rule in Northern Ireland and unite the region with the Republic of Ireland. Republican and Unionist paramilitaries killed thousands of people. Over 10,000 bomb attacks were perpetrated by paramilitary groups in Ireland and England.

The song was written in response to the death of Johnathan Ball, aged 3, and Tim Parry, aged 12, both of whom had been killed in the Warrington bombings, when two IRA improvised explosive devices hidden in litter bins were detonated in a shopping street in Warrington, England. Ball died at the scene of the bombing as a result of his shrapnel-inflicted injuries, and five days later, Parry lost his life as a result of head injuries. 56 others were injured, some seriously. Parry died in his father's arms in a hospital in Walton, Liverpool. The two boys had gone shopping to buy Mother's Day cards on one of the town's busiest shopping streets.

Composition
O'Riordan had "a feeling" that she had to write a song that reflected upon the event, before the song came to her "subconsciously" midway through the Cranberries' English Tour in 1993. Writing the core chords on her acoustic guitar, O'Riordan returned to Ireland and continued to write the song after returning to her apartment after a night out. The lyrics and chords of "Zombie" were written initially on an acoustic guitar by O'Riordan alone late that night—"I remember being in my flat, coming up with the chorus, which was catchy and anthemic", O'Riordan was to recall.

The song structure was created and shaped without hindrance. The hook and the chorus "just came out really fast", then the verses came "quite easily", just as the writing of the lyrics, governed by no inhibitions—"they just came pouring out", she said. O'Riordan took the song into the Cranberries' small rehearsal shed in Mungret, near Limerick city, and it was translated onto an electric guitar. Drummer Fergal Lawler observed that O'Riordan was adamant that she wanted more distortion pedals on the guitars and asked for more strength than usual in drumming. In 2017, O'Riordan said, "It was the most aggressive song we'd written". According to Lawler, a rough version of the song was initially titled "In Your Head", which was included in the band's live set; it was then later revised to "Zombie". The Cranberries' popularity grew exponentially during the North America Tour in 1993, promoting the release of their first album Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?, which earned them fans eagerly awaiting the band's second album.

Production and release

In early 1994, the Cranberries began performing "Zombie" in its final shape, and audiences responded with enthusiasm. The song was recorded and mixed at The Manor Studio in Oxford and at Townhouse Studios in London in 1994 with producer Stephen Street. They spent a long time working on getting the guitar settings right to give a suitably expansive sound. The sound came organically, while raising the volume, O'Riordan said "because we were using our live instruments, we were plugging in a lot, and we started to mess around with feedback and distortion". The song, recorded during the grunge era, features a foggy, sludgy electric guitars sound, representing a radical departure from the band's signature sound of the early years—based largely on jangly guitar and strings.

Particularly offended that terrorists claimed to have carried out these acts in the name of Ireland, O'Riordan asserted: "The IRA are not me. I'm not the IRA. The Cranberries are not the IRA. My family are not. When it says in the song, 'It's not me, it's not my family,' that's what I'm saying. It's not Ireland, it's some idiots living in the past". At the time, O'Riordan received criticism for "Zombie"s "hard-hitting lyrics"; she nevertheless pointed out that the song was written from a humanitarian point of view. O'Riordan had been the focus of a battle over censorship, fighting to see the song even released, as the record label was intent on preventing "Zombie" from reaching the airwaves. The Cranberries' former manager Allen Kovac stated that Island Records urged them not to release the "politically urgent" song as a single, and that O'Riordan had ripped up a $1-million cheque the label offered her to work on another song. "Dolores was a very small, fragile person, but very opinionated," said Kovac. "Her belief was that she was an international artist and she wanted to break the rest of the world, and 'Zombie' was part of that evolution. She felt the need to expand beyond 'I love you, you love me' and write about what was happening in Ireland at the time", he said. Island Records and management also claimed that the song was "too controversial, you might not get played on the radio". Lawler recalled arguing to the record label that they "had been playing it live for a year", and telling them that "for a new song that the audience hadn't heard before, they really reacted to it". Over time, "[w]e pushed and pushed and eventually they decided to release it", he said. The release of the song occurred on the path to IRA's historic ceasefire announcement on 31 August 1994.

By the time the single for "Zombie" was released on 19 September 1994, as well as No Need to Argue the following month, with an accompanying music video for the song in heavy rotation on MTV, the Cranberries were catapulted to international stardom. Shortly after the song and video came out, ideological beliefs came rushing to the forefront of local newspapers, criticizing O'Riordan for "writing about the Troubles"; of these comments, she "knew that would be the angle of the song, because it was controversial". Assessing the cultural impact of their song, Hogan responded: "Because of this song, people thought we were a political band. ... Far from it. Dolores always wrote from the heart". O'Riordan would later state, "If I think something, I have to say it. And I really don't care what anybody thinks, you know?". NPRs Andrew Limbong, speaking after O'Riordan's death in 2018, said "even though it was a political song, it wasn't necessarily politics she was interested in writing about". O'Riordan said, "I just cannot accept children being slaughtered at the hands of political violence", and hoped that "it might make people reflect a bit on our society and what we've become." In 1994, "Zombie" was "the most played song ever on alternative radio in the history of America", as mentioned in the Los Angeles Times and in Kenneth L. Campbell's book, Ireland's History – Prehistory to the Present. In retrospect, The New York Times and Billboard considered them as "one of the biggest rock bands in the world" of the 1990s.

Music and lyrics
"Zombie" has been characterised by commentators as alternative rock and grunge. O'Riordan later said that the song was not a concerted effort to ride the grunge movement, but she stated that "this wasn't grunge, but the timing was good", adding, that "[w]e were just a different type of a band... and we had a lot of our own ideas". The band's guitarist Noel Hogan noted in a Rolling Stone interview that the Cranberries were beforehand accepted by "the same kind of [grunge] audience". O'Riordan was responsible for the heavier sound, a mere expression of her musical taste, as she would say later "we got it out of our system... all that anger out of our system". Discussing the musical approach for the song and the requirement of a sound significantly louder, Hogan explained in a 2012 interview with Amsterdam's FaceCulture that "the heavier sound was the right thing for the song. If it was soft, it wouldn't have had that impact. It would stand out in the live set because of that".

O'Riordan never revealed the origin of the "zombie" reference in the lyrics, a concept which admits a personal interpretation of its meaning. However, there was a divergence of opinion among writers on the subject. Ed Power formulated his own hypothesis, saying that the word Zombie was "a commentary on how blindly cleaving to centuries old prejudices can reduce [one's] capacity for independent thought". Graham Fuller commented that the metaphor perhaps "reanimates the children whose deaths inspired O'Riordan to write it". Sonia Saraiya had a different view, saying that the Zombie is not the dead children, but "the dead children that populate your mind; the dead bodies you've seen in the images that you can't forget".

Singing voice
O'Riordan is yodeling when she does the sharp break from chest register to head register–falsetto in the second syllable of the word Zom-bie. These rapid and repeated changes in pitch in O'Riordan's yodel, paired with the amplified method that she uses to form her vowels and consonants, set her voice in the sean-nós singing style. This creates a vocal trademark when combined with the Gaelic keening, the lilting vocables, and sung in her thick Irish accent. Author Bart Plantenga wrote in his book Yodel in Hi-Fi: From Kitsch Folk to Contemporary Electronica that "[h]er waify, quavering, breaking voice has a natural 'Celtic yodel' in it. It can also be heard on 'Zombie [and other songs] used "for fantastic emotional effect". Mikael Wood of Los Angeles Times described O'Riordan "pushing her voice to a jagged extreme to embody the pain", with a "desperate, yodeling vocal that conjures some ancient emotion". Far Out Magazine commented that her vocal performance was "guttural, pleading, captivating and utterly unique, O'Riordan begs for humanity the only way she knew how". Sonia Saraiya, music and TV critic from Miami Herald and Chicago Tribune, wrote that her voice "often seemed bigger than her petite frame", and also commented that the chorus "practically grunted out of her otherwise bell-like voice with a guttural vowel sound".

{{Cquote|They insisted on being genuine, original innovators, crafting their own place in the ethos of alternative rock. [ ... ] The Cranberries are masters of the craft. But O'Riordan's voice is just in a league all its own. She makes no effort to hide her accent. In fact, it adds a richness and character to her voice. O'Riordan lays it all out on the table. Beautifully. Uncompromising and unrelenting. O'Riordan sinks her hooks into you and holds you hostage with her breathtaking vocal onslaught.
|author=Joe Hughes
|source=How The Cranberries Blew Away Nirvana With Definitive Grunge Song "Zombie" – Alternative Nation.}}

 Critical reception
PraiseTedium's editor Ernie Smith said, "O'Riordan wrote it in a moment of anger and passion", and called the song "one of the defining songs of the alternative rock era". In a different perspective, Rebecca Black of Belfast Telegraph described "Zombie" as an "outraged response to the Warrington bombs", while music reporter Mark Savage wrote that "her pain was real", describing it as "a visceral response to the death of two children". In a contemporary review, Hot Press hailed the song and its arrangements, saying that it was stylistically different from the band's previous works: "Staccato rhythms and subtle jerks and pauses in the music and the singing make this more than just business-as-usual for the Cranberries. A slow, brooding Siouxsie-like buzzing guitar melody and dirge-like bass and drums counterpoint the elliptical and impassioned vocals of Dolores O'Riordan as she works her way through the internal psychic and external human tragedies of the Troubles [...] "Zombie" signals a growth in confidence". The Rough Guide to Rock identified the album No Need to Argue as "more of the same" as the Cranberries' debut album, except for the song "Zombie", which had an "angry grunge" sound and "aggressive" lyrics. Music critic Evelyn McDonnell allowed that O'Riordan had a "certain naivety to her and also a real toughness". New York arts editor Graham Fuller partially echoed this view, saying "she was right, but that naivety serves a song that's an unfiltered reaction to a tragedy. It goes with Zombie's primal fury; slicker lyrics would have diluted the song's rawness".

Music critic Neil McCormick wrote that it was the Cranberries' "fiercest rock song... An accusatory lament, it grapples with the endless recriminations of the Irish Troubles, with a slow rolling bass line and thumping mid-tempo beat, finding tension between melodic delicacy and introspection in the verses with a keening, wailing chorus charged with distorted grungy guitars". Music & Media stated that it "combines moody soundscapes with some grunge-y guitar attacks that together make an arresting number". Charles Aaron from Spin commented, "I like "Zombie" because its crunching, troubled guitar fuzz was the loudest thing on MTV during the last days of '94. Just ask Bono, my Irish Setter. He's still wailing." Josh Jones of Open Culture, described the "Gen X heyday"s song, as  "O'Riordan's stadium-size hit ... and its beautifully pained laments and pointedly unsubtle yelps and wails—a stunning expression of mourning that reverberates still some 25 years later". Martin Aston of Music Week wrote: "Having broken the UK on the back of their US success, The Cranberries continue to use their pop acumen to fashion wonderful, wistful pop nuggets. Zombie is a little heavier and less user-friendly than Linger and Dreams, but no less sublime for it." In 2018, Billboard and Stereogum ranked the song number three and number two, respectively, on their lists of the top ten Cranberries songs.

On 16 January 2018, following O'Riordan's death, Colin Parry, father of IRA victim Tim Parry, thanked O'Riordan for the "both majestic and also very real lyrics". "Many people have become immune to the pain and suffering that so many people experienced during that armed campaign", he said. "To read the words written by an Irish band in such a compelling way was very, very powerful."

Criticism
On the writer of the song O'Riordan, Paul Brannigan of Louder writes, "Not everyone, however, was impressed by the pop star's credentials for the role of commentator on one of the most complex conflicts of the modern era". AllMusic said the song "trivialised" the events of the Troubles, and that the "heavy rock trudge" of the song did not play to the band's strengths. Upon the song's release, David Stubbs from Melody Maker said, "'Zombie' doesn't make a born-again fan of me, with its lethargic, samey, grungy riff lurching predictably towards anthem status. But I like Dolores O' Riordan's vocal, like Dana on heroin, all tattered, snarling and trembling at her wits' end." At the same time, Northern Irish band Schtum told Melody Maker, "She's from Limerick, what the fuck would she know? You're talking about the last 25 years of a much bigger and wider problem that has gone on for hundreds of years". Brannigan writes,

Iestyn George from NME felt "the timing of this release, as much as the sentimental itself, seems more than a little askew." Comedian and activist Tadgh Hickey wrote, "Zombie is the perfect partitionist anthem. It encapsulates the complete lack of understanding or even basic compassion in the south for the lived experience of Northern nationalists". On RTÉ's Upfront with Katie Hannon programme Hickey said that the lyrics "It's not me, it's not my family" tend to stick to "an overall 26 county perspective on the North."

In response to the criticism of O'Riordan, her mother Eileen stated, "It wasn't written as a political song but as an anti-violence, an anti-war song." Tom Savage of TheJournal.ie wrote that any controversy over the song being sung by Irish rugby fans is misplaced, stating that it is merely performed by the masses "because it just sounds great when thousands sing it", adding, "People can feel whatever way they want about the song's personal meaning to them but for the vast, vast majority of the people singing it, it's about the buzz of being in a crowd of thousands singing an emotionally resonant song in the aftermath of sporting success."

 Accolades
On 23 November 1995, the Cranberries won the Best Song Award for "Zombie" at the 1995 MTV Europe Music Awards, beating Michael Jackson, Seal, The Offspring and TLC.

 As a sporting anthem
Following the death of O'Riordan in 2018, the hurling team from her home county of Limerick adopted "Zombie" as their anthem during their successful run to the All-Ireland Championship. It soon became a rugby anthem as well; Limerick-based Munster initially played it in tribute to O'Riordan, and crowd reaction led to it becoming a post-match staple.

The song was re-popularised in 2023 after it was played after Ireland games at the 2023 Rugby World Cup. It was picked up by fans of the Irish team, with videos of fans singing the song in chorus accumulating hundreds of thousands of views on social media. This offended Irish nationalists, who identified it as an "anti-IRA" anthem, and said that that the lyrics failed to consider their experience during the Troubles.

Irish political leaders supported the use of the song as a rugby anthem. Taoiseach Leo Varadkar described it as "a song that we can all sing comfortably. It's an anti-terrorism song. It's not a nationalist or unionist song." SDLP leader Colum Eastwood wrote that "'Zombie' is an anti-war song written after the IRA killed 2 children in Warrington", adding that criticism of nationalist violence is not an endorsement of loyalist violence, writing "Most of us opposed both".

 Chart performance
"Zombie" topped the charts in eight countries. On 29 October 1994, the song went to No. 1 on the US Billboard Alternative Airplay chart, spending twenty-three weeks on the chart. Australian audiences were "particularly gripped by the song". Triple J listeners voted for "Zombie" as No. 1 on the Triple J Hottest 100, 1994 chart, one of the largest public music polls in the world, establishing for the first time ever that a female vocalist won the Triple J Hottest 100. On 18 December 1994, the song reached No. 1 on the ARIA Singles Chart, where it remained for seven consecutive weeks. The single peaked at No. 1 and spent twenty eight weeks on the Official German Charts. On 25 December 1994, the single debuted at No. 27 on the Ö3 Austria Top 40, and climbed to No. 2, where it stayed for eight weeks. "Zombie" debuted on the French SNEP Top 100 at No. 4 on 25 February 1995. The following week, the single moved to No. 1; it spent nine consecutive weeks at the top and a total of twenty-four weeks on the singles chart.

Island Records declined the prospect of releasing "Zombie" as a single to US stores, stating they didn't want to run counter to the band's original ethos. Music critic Jon Bream of Star Tribune elaborated succinctly the label's analysis: "For the band, it's a question of credibility". Bream further noted that Island Records "simply didn't want the industry to typecast the Cranberries as a Top 40 act". After releasing the song, later in the year, the Cranberries affirmed their alternative identity, saying that they "didn't want to be considered just a pop band". Drummer Fergal Lawler said, "[t]hen you can go to the other extreme of being so alternative that no one buys your records. Luckily, we're kind of in the middle. We're a mix of pop, rock and alternative, I suppose".

After Cranberries' lead singer O'Riordan died in January 2018, "Zombie" charted at number 13 on the UK Singles Downloads Chart.

In 2023, the song saw a sales surge in the UK and Ireland during the 2023 Rugby World Cup; the song was played on speakers after every time the Irish team scored. "Zombie" peaked at number 11 on the UK Singles Downloads Chart during this time.

 Music video

 Background and production
"Zombie" was released with a music video in October 1994. The video was directed by Samuel Bayer, and produced by Doug Friedman and HSI. Productions. The music video was filmed in Belfast, Northern Ireland, in the heart of the Troubles with real footage, and in Dublin. Bayer's argument for being able to record video footage of murals, children and British Army soldiers on patrol in Belfast was made under a false pretext. "We had a [cover] story that we were making a documentary about the peace-keeping efforts in Ireland", he said. O'Riordan remembered Bayer telling her "how tense it was and how he was blown away by the whole thing. He got footage of the kids jumping from one building to another, and he got a lot of footage of the army. He was a very good director". The performance footage in colour was filmed on a sound stage in Los Angeles over a period of six days.

 Synopsis
In the video, O'Riordan is covered in gold makeup and appears in front of a giant cross with a group of boys covered in silver makeup holding bows and arrows. The video also includes clips of local children playing war games, a performance by the band, and of British soldiers from the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (as evident from their thin red line tactical recognition flashes) on patrol in Northern Ireland. It also features shots of various murals (IRA, UDA, UFF, UVF, Bobby Sands).

 BBC and RTÉ ban
The music video for "Zombie" was banned by the BBC because of its "violent images". It was also banned by the RTÉ, Ireland's national broadcaster. Instead, both the BBC and the RTÉ opted to broadcast an edited version focusing on footage of the band in a live performance, a version that the Cranberries essentially disowned. Despite their efforts to maintain the original video "out of view from the public", some of the initial footage prevailed, with scenes of children holding guns. The song reached No. 14 on the UK Singles Chart.

 Reception and accolades
"Zombie" received heavy rotation on MTV Europe and was A-listed on Germany's VIVA in December 1994. The video gained a nomination for Best Alternative Video at the 1995 MTV Europe Music Awards. Writer Josh Jones commented that "The 'Zombie' video offers a classic collection of 90s stylistic quirks, from Derek Jarman–inspired setpieces to the use of black and white and earnest political messaging". He added, "[f]or us old folks, it's an almost pure hit of nostalgia, and for the young, a nearly perfect specimen of the decade's rock aesthetics". On 23 October 2019, "Zombie" was ranked No. 5 on a "definitive list of the world's most-viewed rock music videos", released by Vevo.

On 18 April 2020, the official music video had succeeded in reaching over 1 billion views on YouTube and became the first female-led song, first song by an Irish artist, and sixth song from the 20th century to reach the milestone. Bassist Mike Hogan said of the achievement that "I can still remember making such a great video and seeing the impact that it had – and still does – on people". On 20 April 2020, the music video for "Zombie" remastered in 4K resolution was officially released for YouTube with previously unseen footage from the original video shoot.

In November 2022, the song was voted as the greatest Irish hit of all time by RTÉ 2fm listeners in compiling the ultimate Irish playlist for a television special shown on RTÉ One.

 Live performances
A version of "Zombie" was already played one year before the release of No Need to Argue, on the band's first European tour with Hothouse Flowers, after the release of Everybody Else Is Doing It, So Why Can't We?.

On 13 August 1994, two months prior to the release of No Need to Argue, the Cranberries performed at the Woodstock '94 music festival in New York. Towards the end of "Zombie", O'Riordan embodied what it meant to her, dedicating the song to others, like the victims of ethnic cleansing, she declared that "this song is our cry against man's inhumanity to man, inhumanity to child", adding, "and war, babies dying, and Belfast, and Bosnia, and Rwanda".

The Cranberries kept "Zombie" in their concert setlists throughout their career. On 11 November 1994, the Cranberries featured as the musical guest on US talk show Late Show with David Letterman, performing the lead single one month after No Need to Argue was released. Junkee music editor Jules LeFevre, wrote that the footage captured "O'Riordan's extraordinary voice" and considered the live performance as "straight-up sublime".

On 14 February 1995, the band recorded a nine-song set including "Zombie", for MTV Unplugged, at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in New York City. Their acoustic performance was accompanied by Electra Strings quartet first aired on 18 April 1995.

On 25 February 1995, the Cranberries played the song on their appearance on the US show Saturday Night Live, in a slow tempo performance that British author Dave Thompson called "one of the most powerful performances that the show has ever seen". The episode came a week after record producer Denny Cordell, an early mentor to the Cranberries, had died. Writer Ed Power wrote that the performance "has the rawness of early grief", while Rolling Stone would later declare it "one of the greatest SNL turns".

The band released a stripped-down version of "Zombie", recorded for Something Else, an unplugged album that features acoustic renditions of songs from their catalog, accompanied by the Limerick-based Irish Chamber Orchestra. The song appeared on the set list of their 2017 tour, featuring the Irish Chamber Orchestra's string quartet.

On 3 October 2019, the three surviving members of the Cranberries released footage on YouTube of the band performing "Zombie" live at the Astoria 2 in London in January 1994, taken from their live DVD titled the Cranberries Live. The song was fully formed and played eight months before it was released as a single.

 Censorship
In March 2003, on the eve of the outbreak of Iraq War, the British Government and the Independent Television Commission issued a statement saying ITC's Programme Code would temporarily remove from broadcast songs and music videos featuring "sensitive material", including "Zombie".
Numerous media groups complied with the decision to avoid "offending public feeling", along with MTV Europe. Since it violated the ITC guidelines, "Zombie" was placed on a blacklist of songs, targeting its official music video. The censorship was lifted once the war had ended.

In August 2006, CBS censored an American Rock Star Supernova contestant's rendition of "Zombie", as a result of the lyrics and deleted all mentions of tanks, bombs and guns. Although CBS declined to comment, an employee claimed that it was "worried that the song might be seen as an anti-Iraq War statement".

 In popular culture

Mixed martial artist The Korean Zombie has used "Zombie" as his entrance song since his 2012 fight with Dustin Poirier.
Baseball player Chris Taylor selected "Zombie" as his entrance song for the 2019 Los Angeles Dodgers season.
The song features at the climax of Derry Girls series 2, episode 5 following the announcement of the IRA's ceasefire.
Flight simulator Digital Combat Simulator used a cover made by Damned Anthem for their "DCS WORLD | 2020 AND BEYOND" trailer.
The song was used in the second season of the Roswell, New Mexico television series as the background music for the scenes of the first episode titled "Stay (I Missed You)" that aired on 16 March 2020. Showrunner Carina Adly Mackenzie said that the song was used for several reasons, including as a "political connotation", adding that "[i]t's an incredibly powerful song" evoking "a lot of emotion".
The song features in the fourth episode of the first season of This Way Up when Aisling Bea and Sharon Horgan sing it as their characters Aine and Shona, respectively.
In 2021, the song's acoustic version appeared in the final scene of Zack Snyder's zombie film Army of the Dead.
In 2023, drag queen contestant, Sasha Colby, gave a dance performance to the song in the season 15 premiere episode of RuPaul's Drag Race. Colby chose the song to honor her Irish heritage and the trauma of seeing the Warrington bombings on the news as a child.
In The Office episode "The Return", Andy sings part of "Zombie", much to the annoyance of his coworkers.
Professional wrestling tag team Violence is Forever (Kevin Ku and Dominic Garrini) currently use the song as their entrance theme.

Formats and track listings

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Decade-end charts

Certifications and sales

Bad Wolves cover

The American heavy metal band Bad Wolves recorded a cover of "Zombie" in 2017 while they were working on their debut album Disobey. The band's singer Tommy Vext slightly altered the lyrics, inserting a reference to drones and replacing "since 1916" with "in 2018" to show that times haven't changed. The band also added two extra stanzas to the end of the song which were not present in the original. However, Vext said that "we weren't sure it if was going to make it onto the record. The song is a masterpiece and a massive hit. Some art is sacred—you become afraid to do a rendition of it". On 21 December 2017, Vext met Dan Waite—the Internal managing director of Bad Wolves' record label Eleven Seven Label Group-Europe and a long-time close friend of O'Riordan—backstage at London's Wembley Arena at a heavy metal concert. Then he asked Waite to send her the cover for consideration as well as her approval for its release. Vext commented that "I just got the courage to ask him to send her the song to see if she would approve of it. It's always a jarring thing to take on someone's piece of work: especially as the Cranberries were a massive band, and 'Zombie' was probably their biggest song". On Christmas Eve 2017, Waite sent a text message to Vext that said O'Riordan had offered to "sing on it". Vext described the situation: "it was a dream come true", while the others musicians "almost didn't believe it".

On 14 January 2018, O'Riordan flew from her home in New York City to London. According to O'Riordan's agent, Lindsey Holmes, the primary purpose of her flight was for a studio mixing session on Monday and Tuesday with Martin "Youth" Glover for her side project's second album, and she was also due to meet with the Cranberries' record label BMG. On 15 January 2018, at 1:12 am GMT at her Mayfair hotel in London, O'Riordan left a voice message to Waite, where she expressed her thoughts, describing the cover as "awesome". She also invited Waite to come in the studio, slated for later that morning, and listen to the results of her vocals recording. O'Riordan was later found unresponsive in the bathroom and confirmed dead at 09:16 am. Following her death, Bad Wolves said,

TMZ published O'Riordan's final voice message on 5 April 2018. Bad Wolves released the cover on 18 January 2018 as the second single from their debut album Disobey. The cover was released without her vocals as a tribute. The cover topped the US Billboard Mainstream Rock chart in May 2018 for three weeks and peaked at No. 54 on the Hot 100. In June 2018, at a concert in New York City, Bad Wolves donated $250,000 to O'Riordan's children. The idea of making a donation was set up by Allen Kovac, Eleven Seven Label Group founder, and former manager of the Cranberries, who also managed them during the original release of "Zombie".

In an interview, bassist Kyle Konkiel shared his thoughts on the new cover's sound:

Music video
The song's music video was directed by Wayne Isham and was released on 18 January 2018, the day before the band released the song as a single.

The video begins with text discussing the cover's background and the passing of O'Riordan. The video then cuts to shots of the band performing the song in a black room, wearing black clothing and playing black instruments interspersed with close-up scenes of a woman (played by Ava Capra) being covered in gold paint. The video then cuts in between shots of the band performing and the woman interacting with Vext which mainly involves her smearing gold paint on a glass pane between the two of them. After the guitar solo, she etches "1-15-18", the date of O'Riordan's death, into the paint. The woman's appearance (gold body paint, gold dress, and gold beaded headdress) is nearly identical to that of O'Riordan in the Cranberries' original Zombie music video. The video ends with a quote by Vext.

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications and sales

Miley Cyrus cover

On 18 October 2020, American singer Miley Cyrus performed a cover of the song at NIVA Save Our Stages at Whisky a Go Go, a fundraiser concert streamed live on YouTube and that performance quickly became viral online with individuals appreciating Cyrus' fine, raw vocals. Cyrus later on released her live cover to digital and streaming platforms and announced that the track would be one of the two (the latter being another viral take at Blondie's "Heart of Glass") covers that would be a part of her seventh full-studio album Plastic Hearts.

On 20 October 2020, the Cranberries publicly gave Cyrus their seal of approval. Sharing Miley's performance to their official Twitter page, the Cranberries wrote alongside it: "We were delighted to hear of Miley Cyrus' cover of Zombie at the Whisky a Go Go #SOSFEST in LA at the weekend. ... It's one of the finest covers of the song that we've heard. We think Dolores would be very impressed!".

On 28 November 2020, in reaction to the Cranberries "acknowledging it and writing that it honoured Dolores", Cyrus said to Stephen Byrne on RTÉ 2fm: "also [saying that] they liked my interpretation of the song – it just meant a lot". She further stated that she felt like it was "really timely, even though it was a cover and maybe an older song, it just felt like it was super right now", adding that the lyrics "just really resonated" with her.

Charts

Other notable covers

 In late 1994, a cover version by Spanish mákina group Ororo was released in conjunction with the original version. This version reached No. 1 in Spain and No. 16 in Austria.
 In 1995, a Eurodance cover version by Italian quartet A.D.A.M. featuring Amy reached No. 16 in the UK Singles Chart, No. 65 in Australia, No. 20 in France, No. 7 in Ireland, No. 9 in Italy, and No. 35 in Belgium.
 In 2011, Christina Parie covered the song on The X Factor Australia. After her performance, the song re-entered the ARIA Top 100 Singles Chart at No. 69.
 In 2017, Dutch hardstyle DJ Ran-D released a cover of the song on Armada Records which was certified gold in the Netherlands in 2019.
 In February 2018, the pop rock band Dreamers released a cover of the song.
 In 2018, Ghostly Kisses' sophomore EP This City Holds My Heart closed with a cover of the song.
 On 16 January 2019, to mark the first anniversary of O'Riordan's death, Chicago rapper Vic Mensa released a cover song through his punk-inspired band named 93Punx. On 27 April 2020, one week after the Cranberries music video reached one billion views on YouTube, 93Punx released their music video including their own live footage and interspersed with scenes from the original video.

See also
 List of anti-war songs

Notes

References

Sources

Further reading

1994 singles
1994 songs
The Cranberries songs
2018 debut singles
Bad Wolves songs
Miley Cyrus songs
Number-one singles in Australia
Ultratop 50 Singles (Flanders) number-one singles
Ultratop 50 Singles (Wallonia) number-one singles
Number-one singles in Denmark
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
Number-one singles in Germany
Number-one singles in Iceland
Number-one singles in Spain
Number-one singles in Zimbabwe
Anti-war songs
Protest songs
1990s ballads
Hard rock ballads
Music videos directed by Samuel Bayer
Songs written by Dolores O'Riordan
Song recordings produced by Stephen Street
Songs about The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
Island Records singles
RCA Records singles
Eleven Seven Label Group singles
Grunge songs
Songs banned by the BBC
Music video controversies
Songs based on actual events

Zombie (The Cranberries song)


Ophoniscus es un  género de coleópteros adéfagos de la familia Carabidae.

Especies
Comprende las siguientes especies:

 Ophoniscus batesi Kataev, 2005
 Ophoniscus cribrifrons Bates, 1892
 Ophoniscus hypolithoides Bates, 1892
 Ophoniscus insulicola N. Ito, 1994
 Ophoniscus iridulus Bates, 1892
 Ophoniscus lopatini Kataev, 2005

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Harpalina

Ophoniscus


Luz Noceda é a protagonista da série fictícia animada de televisão da Disney Channel The Owl House (br: A Casa Coruja). Luz é uma adolescente estadunidense, e filha de pais imigrantes latino-americanos, que vai parar em um mundo mágico conhecido como Ilhas Escaldadas, lar de bruxas, demônios e outros tipos de criaturas fantásticas. Fascinada por sua descoberta, ela decide ficar temporariamente no local e se tornar uma bruxa.

História
Depois de ter causado problemas em sua escola, Luz é mandada por sua mãe Camila para um retiro de férias especializado em ajudar crianças com "imaginações demasiadamente férteis". Porém, na estrada para pegar o ônibus, Luz é distraída por uma coruja que rouba um livro que ela acabara de jogar no lixo. Curiosa, ela segue o animal até uma velha casa, onde encontra uma porta materializando um portal, onde, ao entrar, faz com que ela se teletransporte até uma outra realidade.

Ela logo se encontra com uma Eda Clawthorne, também conhecida como Mulher-Coruja, uma experiente bruxa que enfrenta constantemente problemas com a lei. Presa numa enrascada, ela consegue escapar com a garota, a levando para seu lar, A Casa Coruja: uma residência viva controlada por um demônio chamado Corujito (Hooty, no original). Lá, ela também conhece King, uma pequena criatura que se assemelha a um bichinho de estimação. Eda faz um acordo com Luz que, caso a menina a ajude a recuperar a "coroa" perdida de King, ela a levaria de volta para o mundo humano.

Os três então invadem um castelo repleto de prisioneiros das Ilhas Escaldadas; várias pessoas que, aparentemente, não se encaixavam com o conceito de "normalidade" daquela sociedade. Eventualmente, Luz consegue recuperar o item, percebendo que é apenas uma decoração humana comum, e logo percebe que se identifica mais com as pessoas daquela realidade do que com as de seu mundo. Por se sentir incluída e representada naquele lugar, ela decide por ficar e passar suas férias nas Ilhas Ferventes, treinando pra se tornar uma poderosa bruxa como a protagonista de seu livro fictício favorito, Azura.

Poderes e habilidades

 Conjuração de magia por glifos: Por ter nascido humana, Luz não tem a mesma biologia das bruxas das Ilhas Ferventes, sendo impossibilitada de conjurar magia naturalmente. Porém, ao decorrer da série, ela consegue aprender a como fazer feitiços com desenhos de glifos mágicos, ao observar a natureza da magia.
 Resistência mágica: Luz usa uma capa mágica feita por Eda que pode repelir magia a um certo nível.

Representação LGBT
Desde os primeiros episódios da série, Luz demonstrava sentir atração por mais de um gênero, como no terceiro episódio da primeira temporada, onde ela se apaixona por um garoto e, mais tarde, desenvolve uma relação romântica com sua amiga Amity. Dana Terrace, criadora e produtora da animação, diz que sempre foi "muito aberta em intenção de colocar crianças queer no elenco principal", afirmando que "chefões" da Disney haviam "proibido qualquer forma de relacionamento gay ou bi no canal". Terrace, porém, acabou sendo apoiada por novos líderes da empresa em mostrar mais personagens LGBT na série. Eventualmente, Luz acabou sendo confirmada como a primeira protagonista bissexual da Disney. Durante uma seção de perguntas e respostas com fãs da série no site Reddit, Dana Terrace confirmou a sexualidade da personagem ao dizer "Amity foi planejada como lésbica e Luz como bissexual." A bissexualidade de Luz foi bastante aclamado pela comunidade LGBT, principalmente por organizações como a GLAAD, que saiu em apoio da representatividade na série.

Mulheres fictícias
Personagens de séries de televisão da Disney
Personagens fictícias que usam magia
Feiticeiros fictícios
Bissexuais fictícios

Luz Noceda


La saison 1942-1943 de Serie B est la  du championnat d'Italie de football de deuxième division.

Le championnat se dispute avec une poule unique de 18 équipes. Les deux premiers sont promus en Serie A, les quatre derniers sont relégués en Serie C.

Déroulement de la saison

À l'issue de la saison, le FC Modène termine à la première place. Le vice-champion, Brescia Calcio, est également promu en Serie A 1943-1944 (1 division), Modène rejoint la première division un an après sa relégation. Mais à cause de la  Seconde Guerre mondiale les championnats suivants seront annulés.

Avant la fin du championnat Palerme est exclu, car en raison de la guerre les équipes visiteuses ont du mal à rallier la Sicile.

Classement

|}

Note:
 Victoire à 2 points
 En cas d'égalité de points, les équipes sont départagées par un coefficient buts marqués/buts encaissés.

Notes et références

1942-1943
Championnat Italie Football 1942-1943 Serie B
Championnat Italie Football 1942-1943 Serie B
Italie
Italie

Championnat d'Italie de football de deuxième division 1942-1943


Cabeçudos Portekiz'de Vila Nova de Famalicão belediyesine bağlı olan, 3,20 km² yüzölçümüne sahip, 1.472 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Vila Nova de Famalicão

Cabeçudos


And tilkisi (Pseudalopex culpaeus), And çakalı, Ateş Toprakları tilkisi, Macellan tilkisi, Culpeo, Culpeo tilki  veya Patagonya tilkisi olarak da bilinir, yeleli kurtdan sonra  Güney Amerika'nın en büyük yaban köpeği türü.

Özellikleri

And tilkisi, 60–115 cm arası gövde uzunluğuna sahip olup buna ilave yaklaşık 40 cm uzunluğunda kuyruğu vardır. Ortalama 7,5 kg gelirken büyük örneklerinde 13 kg ağırlığa ulaşabilirler. Post rengi gridir. Sırtının üzerinden genelde zayıf olarak fark edilen koyu bir şerit geçer. Türün karakteristik özelliği beyaz çene ve kırmızımsı kahve bacak kısımlarıdır.

Yaşam alanı ve dağılımı
And tilkisi, Ekvador ve Peru'dan  Bolivya üzerinden Şili ve Arjantin'e kadar dağılmıştır. Yaşamak için Andlar'ın batı tarafını tercih eder ve 1000 ile 4500 m yükseklikte bulunur. Burada açık arazide yaşarken yapraklı sık ormanlarda bulunmaz. Ateş Toprakları'nda da az sayıdaki yerli memelilerden biri olarak yaşar.

Beslenme
And tilkisinin beslenmesi bulunduğu yaşam alanına bağlıdır. Kuzey popülasyonları tamamen etobur olup tavşan ve kemirgen ile beslenir, ender olarak kuş, kertenkele, böcek ve leş yerler. Dağılım alanları güneyde olanlar bitkisel gıda da yerler. Ateş Toprakları'nda bu oran yaklaşık %30'unu tutar.

Yaşam şekli
And tilkileri, alfa çiftin yönettiği gruplar halinde yaşarlar. Sürünün yönetimi dişiye miras kalırken erkekler grubu terk etmek zorundadır. Bir batında yaklaşık beş yavru dünyaya gelir.

Diğer
Çiftçiler And tilkisini koyunları için bir tehlike olarak görse de koyun sürülerine saldırı çok azdır. Buna rağmen bazı çevrelerde çokça avlanır ve yerleşim bölgelerinde neredeyse nesli tüketilmiştir. Fakat türün tamamı tehdit altında olarak kabul edilmez.

Dış bağlantılar
 Türü tehlike altında türler kırmızı listesinde Pseudalopex culpaeus

Asgari endişe altındaki hayvanlar
Tilkiler
Şili'deki memeliler
Arjantin'deki memeliler
Bolivya'daki memeliler
Peru'daki memeliler
Ekvador'daki memeliler
1782'de tanımlanan omurgalılar

And tilkisi


نانكا بربت (بالأوردية:نانگا پربت) هو تاسع أعلى جبل في العالم يقع في باكستان ويعد من ضمن سلسلة جبال الهيمالايا جنوبي نهر السند ويبلغ ارتفاعه 8,126 متر. كلمة نانكا بربت تعني بلغة لغة أردية الجبل العاري وهذا الجبل يصنف على انه واحد من اخطر الجبال، التي يتعدى ارتفاعها ال 8000 متر للمتسلقين فالكثير من هواة التسلق لقوا حتفهم وهم يحاولون تسلقه لذلك يرمز إلى هذا الجبل بجبل الموت.

السطح الخارجي
يتكون السطح الخارجي من الجليد والصخور مما يزيد من صعوبات التسلق التي قد تواجه المتسلقين.

تاريخ التسلق
أول محاولات التسلق بدأت في عام 1895 حيث أن البعثة وصلت إلى ارتفع 7000 متر وتوقفت نتيجة وفاة رئيس البعثة وإثنين من المرافقين.

في عام 1930 أبدى الألمان اهتمام لتسلق قمم جبال همالايا وذلك بعد إن نجح الئنكليز في تسلق التيبت ولكن كل حملاتهم لم ترق إلى المستوى المطلوب من النجاح.

في عام 1932 حاولة بعثة ألمانية أمريكية مشتركة تسلق الجبل وحققو نجاح لا بئس به نتيجة نقص الخبرة والطقس السيئ.

في عام 1934 حاول الألمان مجدداً تسلق القمة ونجحوا في الوصول إلى ارتفاع 7895 متر ولكن سوء الأحوال الجوية أجبرت الفريق على التراجع وحاسرة هذا الفريق على ارتفاع 7480 متر وتوفي نتيجة هذا 8 من الفريق بمن فيهن رئيس البعثة.

في عام 1937 حاول الألمان مجدداً وسلك نفس الطريق التي سلكتها بعثة 1934 ولكن بسبب انهيار ثلجي توفي معظم الفريق.

أول محاولة ناجحة

في عام 1953 نجح النمساوي هيرمان بوول Hermann Buhl وحيداً بعد إن تراجع فريقه في الوصول إلى القمة بعد معاناة كبيرة فقد خلالها أحد أحذيته وقارورة الأكسيجين الخاصة به.

واستمرت المحاولات وكان اخرها بعثة كارل أنتركرشر في 15 يوليو 2008 والتي لم تنجح واوردت إل bbc بأن البعثة هي في عداد المفقودين حالياً.

أعلام
 خوسيه أنطونيو ديلغادو
 توم بالارد
 كارل فيين

مصادر

جبال غلغت-بلتستان
جبال هيمالايا يتجاوز ارتفاعها 8000 متر
جغرافيا آسيا
جغرافيا الصين
جغرافيا الهند
جغرافيا بوتان

نانكا بربت


La válvula 6SN7 es un triodo dual, con una base octal. Aunque las válvulas octales de serie 6S se encuentran normalmente encapsuladas en metal, la 6SN7 se encuentra con un encapsulamiento de vidrio tipo GT. La 6SN7 es básicamente dos triodos 6J5 en una válvula.

Historia
Originalmente publicada en 1939, fue oficialmente registrada en 1941 como la válvula 6SN7G. Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, una versión ligeramente mejorada fue lanzada con el nombre de 6SN7A, e incluso después se hizo una versión todavía más mejorada, la 6SN7W, para usos militares.

Con el surgimiento de la televisión, la 6SN7 era apta para ser usada como amplificadora vertical del Tubo de rayos catódicos. Cuando el tamaño de las pantallas se fue agrandado, la válvula ya no era apta debido a su poco voltaje y potencia para las pantallas grandes. Para solucionar esto, se hicieron versiones mejoradas con mayor voltaje y potencia llamadas las 6SN7GTA (General Electric, 1950) y la 6SN7GTB (General Electric, 1954). La 6SN7GTA tenía una disipación de ánodo de hasta 5W. La 6SN7GTB es idéntica a la 6SN7GTA excepto porque tiene un calentamiento de filamento controlado, para ser utilizada en las televisiones con los filamentos en serie de 600mA.

La 6SN7 necesita 6,3V 600mA de voltaje y amperaje para encender el filamento. La equivalente con un filamento de 12V es la 12SN7GT o 12SN7GTA (12,6V 300mA). También hubo raras válvulas 8SN7 (8,4V 450mA).

Numerosas otras variantes de la 6SN7 se han fabricado durante años, incluyendo la 7N7 (Sylvania 1940, con base loctal), 5692 (RCA 1948, una versión de lujo con una vida garantizada de 10.000 horas), 12SX7 (RCA 1946, pensada para usarse en la electrónica de 26V para los aviones), 1633 (RCA 1941, también para radios de 26V), 6042 (1951, otra como la 1633), y 6180 (1952). El indicador militar de América para la 6SN7GA era la VT-231, y la inglesa era la CV1988. Otros diseñadores Europeos includen la ECC32, 13D2 y B65. Cada uno de los ordenadores gigantes SAGE usaron miles de 5692s como Flip-flops.

Era muy usada como preamplificadora de audio en el periodo de los años 40-55, usualmente en la etapa driver de los amplificadores de potencia. El diseñador de los famosos amplificadores Williamson, uno de los primeros diseños de alta fidelidad verdaderos, sugirió el uso de la 6SN7 debido a que era similar a los triodos británicos que usaba en su circuito. En la mayoría de las aplicaciones de después de los años 50 fue reemplazada por la 12AU7, después por transistor en los años 60.

La 6SN7 era considerada obsoleta en los años 60 y eran casi imposibles de encontrar. Sin embargo, con el resurgimiento del interés en los amplificadores valvulares, la fabricación de las 6SN7s (junto con su compañera de mayor ganancia, la 6SL7) fue retomada.
Las 6SN7s siguen fabricándose hoy en día en Rusia y China bajo el viejo designador soviético de 6N8S, y se continúan usando en algunos amplificadores a válvulas de alta fidelidad. La 6SN7 es similar, pero no idéntica, a la 12AU7.

La 6CG7 es una válvula en miniatura fabricada por RCA en 1951 que tiene características similares. También se fabricó una versión de 8,4V 450mA llamada la 8CG7. Los británicos hicieron una válvula de un solo triodo con características idénticas a un triodo de la 6SN7, la válvula L63.

Véase también
 6V6
 6L6
 6SL7
 12AU7
 EL84
 ENIAC

Referencias
  Datasheet de la 6SN7
 RCA Receiving Tube Manual, RC-14, Harrison NJ, 1940
 RCA receiving Tube Manual, RC-29, harrison NJ, 1973
 Sylvania Technical Manual 14th edition (reedición), 2000
 GE Techni-Talk, Volume 6 number 5, October–November 1954
 Datasheet de la 6CG7

Válvulas termoiónicas

6SN7


Mads Juel Andersen (født 27. december 1997) er en dansk fodboldspiller, der fra 2023 spiller for den engelske Premier league klub Luton Town.

Karriere
Juel Andersen startede sin fodboldkarriere i Herstedøster Idræts Club som 5-årig. Som 9-årig rykkede han til Brøndby IF. Han nåede også at spille ni måneder i Albertslund Idrætsforening.

Juel Andersen har trænet en del med Brøndbys førstehold. Han har været udtaget til en superligakamp mod Sønderjyske. Han blev dog ikke skiftet ind, hvorfor han har stadig sin debut for førsteholdet til gode.

Den 22. juli 2016 blev det offentliggjort, at Juel Andersen blev udlejet til HB Køge for resten af 2016, hvilket i december 2016 blev forlænget frem til sommeren 2017. Han har spillet 25 kampe og score to mål for 1. divisionsklubben.

Den 27. september 2017 offentligjorde AC Horsens, at man havde hentet Mads Juel Andersen til klubben, og at han ville skiftete til klubben fra d 1. januar 2018. Parterne havde deraf papir på hinanden frem til sommeren 2021.

Landsholdskarriere
Han har spillet to kampe for det danske U/19-landshold. Han debuterede i en kamp mod Israel den 15. november 2015, som endte 0-0. Han spillede alle 90 minutter. 2. marts 2016 spillede han i venskabskampen mod
Belgien.

Personlige forhold
Mads Juel Andersens mor Lene Overlade Andersen født Jensen har været mellemdistanceløber i Glostrup IC, og hans far Peter Juel Andersen var på det danske landshold i squash igennem mange år.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Danmark
Fodboldspillere fra Herstedøster Idræts Club
Fodboldspillere fra Albertslund IF
Fodboldspillere fra Brøndby IF
Fodboldspillere fra HB Køge
Personer fra Albertslund

Mads Juel Andersen


غوري خان ، ،  (8 أكتوبر 1970-)، منتجة أفلام هندية وزوجة نجم بوليوود شاه روخ خان.

غوري أيضًا هي مصممة ديكور داخلي، صممت مساحات للأفراد البارزين مثل موكيش أمباني وروبرتو كافالي ورالف لورين بالإضافة إلى عدد من المشاهير. في عام 2018 اختارتها مجلة فورتشن كواحدة من أقوى 50 امرأة.

حياتها
ولدت باسم غوري تشيببر في دلهي لوالدين من أصول بنجابية هندوسية، والدتها هي (سافيتا) أما والدها فهوالكولونيل (راميش تشاندرا تشيببر) وكلاهما ينتمي إلى . نشأت في ضواحي دلهي. أكملت تعليمها في مدرسة لوريتو كونفينت، وأكملت دراستها الثانوية من مدرسة مودرن سكول فاسانت فيهار في نيودلهي، وتخرجت من كلية ليدي شري رام بدرجة البكالوريوس مع مرتبة الشرف في التاريخ. أكملت أيضًا دورة مدتها ستة أشهر في تصميم الأزياء من المعهد الوطني لتكنولوجيا الموضة، وتعلمت الخياطة بسبب النشاط التجاري لوالدها في الملابس.

تزوجت شاه روخ خان، الذي أصبح واحداً من أكبر العناصر الفاعلة في بوليوود وصناعة السينما، وأنتج بعض الأفلام التي كان هو الفاعل الرئيسي فيها، بما في ذلك بهلي، مين هون نا، هابي نيو يير، وأوم شانتي أوم.
كما قدمت دور ضيف شرف في أوم شانتي أوم.

حياتها الخاصة
التقى غوري لأول مرة بشاه روخ خان عام 1984 في دلهي، قبل أن يبدأ مسيرته المهنية الناجحة في بوليوود. تزوجا في 25 أكتوبر 1991 في حفل زفاف هندوسي تقليدي بعد ست سنوات من الخطوبة.

لديهما ابن آريان (مواليد 1997) وابنة سوهانا (مواليد 2000). في عام 2013 ، أصبحا والدين لطفل ثالث اسمه أبرام الذي ولد من أم بديلة. وفقًا لشاروخان الذي يدين بالإسلام، فإنه يحترم دين زوجته كثيرًا، وأبناءهم يتبعون الديانتين. في المنزل يضع القرآن بجانب الآلهة الهندوسية.

أفلامها

إنتاج

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

منتجو أفلام هندية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أصحاب أعمال من دلهي
أصحاب أعمال هنود في القرن 21
بنجابيون
خريجو جامعة دلهي
ريد تشيليز انترتينمنت
سيدات أعمال من دلهي
سيدات أعمال هنديات في القرن 21
شاه روخ خان
فنانات من دلهي
فنانات هنديات في القرن 21
فنانون من دلهي
مصممات أزياء هنديات
مصممو أزياء تنكرية هنود
مصممون هنود في القرن 21
منتجات أفلام هنديات
منتجو أفلام من مومباي
مواليد 1970
هندوس هنود

غوري خان


Američka veslokljunka (lat. Polyodon spathula), monotipski rod riba iz porodice veslokljunki, dio reda jesetrovki.

Američka veslokljunka može narasti do 220 cm. a najveća izmjerena težina je 90.7 kg. Živi u bazenu rijeke Mississippi, na dubinama ispod jednog metra. Hrani se planktonom

Izvori

Jesetrovke

Američka veslokljunka


Varşova Paktı, 14 Mayıs 1955 tarihinde Varşova'da, sekiz sosyalist ülkenin imzaladığı "Dostluk, İşbirliği ve Karşılıklı Yardım Antlaşması" ile kurulan askeri ve siyasal birlik. Antlaşmayı imzalayan ülkeler Arnavutluk, Bulgaristan, Çekoslovakya, Doğu Almanya, Macaristan, Polonya, Romanya ve SSCB'ydi. Anlaşma, daha önceleri SSCB ile Çekoslovakya (1943); Polonya (1945); Bulgaristan, Macaristan ve Romanya (1948) arasında imzalanan ikili anlaşmaları bütünlüyordu. Pakt, Macaristan, Çekoslovakya ve Afganistan'ın işgalleri gibi önemli siyasal olaylarda askeri unsur olarak yer almıştır.

Kurulma Nedenleri

Sosyalist ülkeleri, karşılıklı bağlarını bir pakt içinde güçlendirmeye yönelten başlıca neden; sosyalist ülkelere ve sosyalizmin yayılmasına karşı 1949'da kurulan NATO'nun, askeri etkinliklerini artırması ve silahlanmaya hız vermesiydi. Birliğin kuruluşuna ilişkin ilk adım, 29 Kasım-2 Aralık 1954 tarihleri arasında sekiz sosyalist ülkenin katılımıyla, ortak güvenliğin ve barışın korunması konusunda ve Moskova'da düzenlenen konferansta atıldı. Varşova Paktı, Londra ve Paris Antlaşmaları ile Federal Almanya'nın NATO'ya girmesi ve NATO'ya bağlı olarak Batı Avrupa Birliği'nin kurulmasıyla Avrupa'da doğan ve giderek artan savaş tehlikesine karşı biçimlendi. Pakt kurucularına göre bu gelişmeler, barışsever devletlerin güvenliği bakımından bir tehdit oluşturuyor ve savunma sağlayıcı karşı önlemlerin alınmasını gerektiriyordu.

Kurucu Antlaşmanın Maddeleri

 Üyeler, ortak çıkarlarını ilgilendiren tüm sorunlarda birbirlerine danışacaklardır.
 Avrupa'da silahlı bir saldırı durumunda üyeler, tek tek ya da ortak bir biçimde kendilerini savunacaklardır.
 Birleşik Komutanlık kurulacaktır.
 Siyasal Danışma Komitesi kurulacaktır.
 Üyeler, bu anlaşmanın amaçlarıyla herhangi bir uluslararası bağlantıya girmeyecekler ve girişimlerde bulunmayacaklardır.
 Taraflar, birbirleriyle ekonomik ve kültürel ilişkilerini daha ileri boyutlara taşıyacak bir dostluk ruhu içinde davranacaklardır.
 Bu sözleşme, toplumsal ve siyasal sistemleri göz önüne alınmaksızın tüm öteki devletlere açıktır.
 Antlaşma, 20 yıl geçerli olacaktır. Sürenin bitiminden bir yıl önce anlaşmayı sona erdirme isteğinin belirtilmemesi durumunda 10 yıl daha uzayacaktır.
 Varşova Paktı'ın en yüksek siyasal organı Siyasal Danışma Komitesi(CPC)'dir.
 Doğu ile Batı arasında ortak güvenlik sağlayan bir pakt yürürlüğe girince Varşova Paktı'nın kaldırılması göz önüne alınabilir.

Tarihçe

Paktın kuruluşundan hemen sonra, Temmuz 1955'te Moskova'da, ABD'yi de içine alan bir Avrupa güvenliğinin yararına olmak üzere, NATO ve Varşova Paktı'nın dağıtılması önerildi. Varşova Paktı'nın kuruluşunu izleyen süreçte, SSCB ile üye ülkeler arasında zincirleme bir biçimde ikili yardım anlaşmaları imzalandı. SSCB aynı zamanda Polonya, Macaristan, Romanya ve Demokratik Almanya ile 1956 Aralık - 1957 Mayıs döneminde bir dizi kuvvet statüsü anlaşması imzaladı. Aynı tür bir antlaşma, Çekoslovakya'yla 1968'de imzalandı. Anlaşmada uluslararası ilişkilerde tehdit ve kuvvete başvurma kınanarak, üyelerin bunu önlemek konusunda gerekli tüm çabayı gösterecekleri belirtiliyordu.

Paktın çok uluslu silahlı kuvvetlerinin tek ortak eylemi Ağustos 1968'de Çekoslovakya'nın işgali oldu. Romanya ve Arnavutluk hariç tüm üye ülkeler harekâta katıldı.

Moğolistan, 1963'te, Çin-Sovyet ayrılığı'nda üyelik başvurusu yaptı. Ancak Pakta, Avrupa'da olmadığı için gözlemci olarak katılabildi. 1966'dan itibaren de Sovyet askerleri Moğolistan'da konuşlandırıldı. Arnavutluk ise 1962-1968 döneminde çalışmalarına katılmadığı pakttan 1968'de, Çekoslovakya'nın işgalinden sonra kesin olarak çekildi. Doğu Almanya, Paktın askeri kanadına 1956'da katıldı. Batı Almanya ile birleşmesi sonucu 1990 yılında paktan çekildi ve NATO'ya girmiş oldu.

1991 yılında SSCB'nin dağılması ve üye devletlerde sosyalist rejimden çok partili parlamenter rejimlere geçilmesi, Avrupa'nın iki bloklu yapısını siyasal bakımdan ortadan kaldırdı. Varşova Paktı, 1 Temmuz 1991'de dağıtıldı ve böylece savaş sonrası Avrupa'sının iki kutuplu yapısı askeri bakımdan da tarihe karışmış oldu.

İşleyişi

Başlangıçta yılda en az iki kez toplanması öngörülen Siyasal Danışma Komitesi CPC'nin, 1972'den itibaren yılda iki kez toplanmasına karar verildi. Başkanlık ve toplantı yerinin, üye devletlerce sırayla üstlenildiği organ, üye ülkelerin Komünist Parti Birinci Sekreterleri, Devlet Başkanları ve Dışişleri Bakanlarından oluşmaktaydı. Toplantılarda genellikle, Varşova Paktı Ordusu'nun komutanı da bulunurdu. En üst düzey askeri rütbe ise, Birleşik Yüksek Komutanlık (USC) idi. CPC'nin denetiminde olan USC'nin önde gelen görevlileri, başkomutan, kurmay başkanı ve başkomutan yardımcılığı yapan Askeri Konsey üyeleriydi. 1969'dan paktın son bulmasına kadar her yıl toplanmış sürekli bir organ olan Savunma Bakanları Komitesi'nce desteklenmekteydi. Üye devletler arasındaki iş birliğini güçlendirmek amacıyla kurulan Dışişleri Bakanları Komitesi de 1976'dan itibaren benzer bir işlevi yerine getirmiştir. Danışmanlık işlevi görmekte olan Askerî Konsey, savunma bakan yardımcılarından ve üye devletlerin genelkurmay başkanlarından oluşmuştur.

Silahlı Gücü

Varşova Paktı silahlı kuvvetleri, 4,5 milyona yakını Avrupa'da olmak üzere yaklaşık 6,3 milyon muvazzaf personele sahipti. Ek olarak 700.000 kişilik ulusal güvenlik kuvvetleri de bulunmaktaydı. Paktın dünya üzerinde aktif durumda; 244 tümen, 27 bağımsız tugay, 60.000 savaş tankı içeren kara ve 12.000 uçağı içeren hava kuvvetleri vardı. Büyük bölümünü Sovyet donanmasının oluşturduğu Deniz Kuvvetleri, nükleer balistik füze denizaltılarına ek olarak 300 denizaltı gemisinden oluşuyordu. Bunların bir bölümü, denizaltılarından Cruise-seyir füzeleri atabilmekteydi. Su üstü kuvvetlerinde, uçak gemisi ve kruvazörlerden oluşan 40 savaş gemisi, çok sayıda değişik türden gemi ve havadan gemilere güdümlü füze atabilen 500 deniz bombardıman uçağı envanter dahilindeydi.

Paktın kıtalararası balistik füzeleri (ICBM), denizaltı gemilerindan atılan balistik füzeler (SLBM) ve bombardıman uçaklarından oluşan stratejik kuvvetlerinin tümü Sovyetler Birliği tarafından sağlanmıştır. 1989'da Varşova Paktı'nın asker sayısı 6.310.000 dolayındaydı. Fiili asker sayısı 5.390.000 olan NATO silahlı kuvvetleriyle 920.000 kişilik bir fark vardı. SSCB ise tek başına ABD'nin üç katından fazla askere sahipti.

Önemli Askeri Yöneticileri

Kaynakça

Varşova Paktı


داراسون  هي مدينة في مقاطعة زابايكالسكي كراي في روسيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 7378   نسمة.

مراجع

مدن زابايكالسكي كراي

داراسون (سيتا)


David de Coninck Owe, né le  à Frederiksberg (Danemark), est un acteur, conteur de livres audio et cascadeur danois connu domestiquement pour ses rôles dans la série 2900 Happiness, le film The Lost Treasure of the Knights Templar II (2007; en danois : Tempelriddernes skat II) et pour avoir remporté la deuxième saison de la version danoise de Dancing with the Stars (Vild med dans). Sur le plan international, il rencontre le succès grâce à son rôle dans la série télévisée  (en danois: Ørnen: En krimi-odyssé) lauréate d'un Emmy Award. En 2022, il apparaît dans I Love America aux côtés de Sophie Marceau.

Biographie
Owe sort diplômé de l'École nationale de théâtre du Danemark en 2003. Il a également sorti un album intitulé Tomorrow. Il est marié à Marie Askehave depuis le 8 juillet 2006. Ensemble, ils ont une fille nommée Gudrun née en 2010 et une seconde le 9 août 2011 nommée Ingrid.

Filmographie

Cinéma

Télévision

Discographie

Liens externes

Notes et références

Acteur danois
Naissance en décembre 1977
Naissance à Frederiksberg
Acteur danois de cinéma
Narrateur de livre audio
Cascadeur

David Owe


Kurtuluş Savaşı Müzesi veya I. TBMM Binası, Ankara'nın Altındağ ilçesinde bulunan bir tarih müzesidir. Ulus Meydanı'na komşu olan yapı, 1924 yılına kadar Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisinin ilk binası olarak kullanılmıştır. 1961 yılında müzeye çevrilerek "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Müzesi" adıyla ziyarete açılmıştır. Teşhir salonlarının ve koleksiyonun yenilenmesiyle 23 Nisan 1981 tarihinde Kurtuluş Savaşı Müzesi adıyla yeniden hizmete girmiştir. Hâlen Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı bünyesinde hizmet veren müzede Kurtuluş Savaşı yılları ve Cumhuriyet'in ilanına ilişkin eserler sergilenmektedir.

Tarihçe
Bugün müze olarak kullanılan ve 1920'li yılların ilk yarısı boyunca Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi'nin binası olarak hizmet vermiş olan yapının inşasına 1915 yılında başlandı. İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti'nin kulüp binası olarak kullanılması planlanan yapı, mimar Salim Bey tarafından tasarlandı ve inşa sürecinin cemiyetin Ankara temsilcisi Memduh Şevket Esendal tarafından takip edilmesi kararlaştırıldı. Her ne kadar projenin yürütülmesi hususunda askeri bir mimar olan Hasip Bey görevlendirildiyse de mimarın Kurtuluş Savaşı sırasında şehit düşmesi sonucunda bina yarım kaldı.

16 Mart 1920 tarihinde İstanbul'un düşman kuvvetlerce resmen işgal edilmesi ve iki gün sonrasında Meclis-i Mebûsan'ın kendini feshetmesi üzerine Milli Mücadele döneminde aktif rol oynayan isimler tarafından Anadolu'da milletin egemenliğinde olan yeni bir meclis kurulması kararlaştırıldı. Fakat böylesi bir meclisin hayata geçirilmesi adına Ankara merkez seçildiyse de bu şehirde gerekli büyüklük ve donanımda olan bir bina bulunamamaktaydı. Bunun üzerine inşası yarım kalmış olan kulüp binasının onarılarak kullanılması gündeme geldi. Bölgedeki evler ve kamu binalarından toplanan malzemelerle tekrardan inşa sürecine giren yapı, Necati Bey tarafından tamamlandı.

Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi'nin resmi olarak açıldığı 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinden ikinci meclis binasının hizmete girdiği 18 Ekim 1924'e kadar bu amaçla kullanılan yapı, ilerleyen dönemlerde Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi'nin genel merkezi ve Ankara Adliye Hukuk Mektebi olarak işlev gördü. 1952'de Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı'na devredilen binanın müze olarak kullanılmasına yönelik ilk fikir 1957 yılında ortaya atıldı ve bunun üzerine başlatılan çalışmalar sonrasında 23 Nisan 1961 tarihinde "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Müzesi" adıyla ziyarete açıldı. 1981 senesinde, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı'na bağlı Eski Eserler ve Müzeler Genel Müdürlüğü tarafından tekrar restorasyon kapsamına alınan bina, teşhir salonlarının ve koleksiyonun yenilenmesiyle 23 Nisan 1981 tarihinde Kurtuluş Savaşı Müzesi adıyla yeniden hizmete girdi.

Mimari
Birinci Ulusal Mimarlık Akımının önemli ve erken örneklerinden biri olan müze binası, mimar Salim Bey tarafından tasarlanmıştır. İki katlı planlamış yapının en dikkat çekici özelliği ise dış cephesinde Ankara taşı kullanılmış olmasıdır.

Sergi salonları

Koridor
Bina içerisine girildiğinde ziyaretçileri karşılayan ilk bölüm olan ana koridor, doğrusal bir hat boyunca uzanarak bütün sergi salonlarını birbirine bağlar. Bu koridorun sağında kalan Mescit, Meclis Başkanı Odası, Genel Kurul Salonu ve Başkatip Odası'nda meclisin işler olduğu dönemde nasıl göründüğüne dair genel bir tablo çizilir. Sol taraftaki Katipler Odası, Haberleşme ve Silah Gücü Odası, Kulis, Anayasa Komisyonu Odası ve Riyaset Divanı Odası gibi bölümlerde ise kronolojik bir sıralamayla 1918-1923 tarihleri arasında yaşanan gelişmeler anlatılır.

Mescit
Müzenin bir numaralı sergi salonu olarak kullanılan ve ana giriş kapısının tam karşısında bulunan oda, bina müzeye çevrilmeden önce mescit olarak kullanılmıştır. Günümüzde çeşitli seccade ve Kur'an rahleleri burada teşhir edilir.

Meclis Başkanı Odası
Reis Odası olarak da bilinen iki numaralı salon, dönemin meclis başkanları tarafından kullanılmıştır. Odanın sol duvarında, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'e hediye edilen ve üzerinde "Gazi Mustafa Kemal Paşa'ya. Müslümanlar haşre dek ta'zim etsin adına çün fedai-i can ettin milletin imdadına. Cemal 1338 (1922) Isparta" yazan bir duvar halısı bulunur. Sağdaki duvar halısının üzerinde bulunan küçük hilal ile yıldızın arasında "Allah", küçük hilalin üzerinde "Ankara", küçük hilalin altında "4 Şaban 1338 ve 23 Nisan 1336", büyük hilalin içinde ise "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi" yazmaktadır.

Genel Kurul Salonu
Binanın en büyük bölümünü oluşturan üç numaralı salon, meclisin genel kurul salonudur. Tam ortasında başkanın ve divan üyelerinin kullandığı meclis kürsüsü ile onun hemen önünde zabıt katipleri kürsüsü yer alır. Kürsünün önündeki sıralarda dönemin bakanlar kurulu üyeleri otururken, sağ ve sol taraftakiler ise milletvekillerince kullanılmıştır. Salonun sağ ve sol köşelerinde iki adet balkon bulunur. Sağdaki balkon elçiler ve elçilik görevlilerine, soldaki balkon dinleyicilere ayrılmıştır. Her iki balkonun altında bulunan boş alanlar ise yerli ve yabancı basın mensuplarının ağırlandığı yerlerdir. Milletvekilleri ve hükûmet yetkililerince kullanılan oturma sıraları, Muallim Mektebi ve Ankara Sultanisi'nden getirilmiştir. Oturma sıralarının yanı başında bulunan iki adet petrol lambası ve sac soba o dönemde meclis civarında bulunan kahvehanelerden; büro malzemeleri ise şehrin çeşitli noktalarındaki resmi dairelerden toplanmıştır.

Başkatip Odası
Günümüzde İstiklal Marşı Anı Odası olarak kullanılan dört numaralı salonda, İstiklal Marşı'nın söz yazarı Mehmet Akif Ersoy'a ait olan kişisel eşyalar sergilenmektedir. Şairin Hacettepe Mahallesi'nde bulunan ve Taceddin Dergâhı ismiyle de anılan evinden getirilen nesneler arasında Avusturya yapımı Steyr marka bir tüfek, bir adet tesbih, bir çini vazo ve bazı mutfak eşyaları yer alır. Büyük Taarruz sonrasında Türk ordusu tarafından ele geçirilen ve dönemin milletvekillerine hediye edilen silahlardan biri olan tüfeğin dipçik kısmında Osmanlı Türkçesi ile "Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Azalarından Burdur Mebusu Mehmet Akif Beyefendi Hazretlerine Hatıra-i Zafer, 1338" sözleri yazılıdır. 2018 yılında şairin ailesine verilen Cumhurbaşkanlığı Vefa Ödülü ile 27 Aralık 1936'daki ölümü üzerine heykeltıraş Ratip Aşir Acudoğu tarafından alçıya çıkarılan yüz mulajı da bu odada sergilenen eşyalar arasındadır.

Katipler Odası
Dönemin yazı işleri kalemi ile meclis katipleri tarafından kullanılan altı numaralı salonda; evrak dolapları, yazı takımları, mühürler, memurlara ait kimlikler ve bazı dokümanlar sergilenmektedir.

Haberleşme ve Silah Gücü Odası
Müzenin yedi numaralı sergi salonu, meclisin işler olduğu dönemdeki komisyonlar tarafından kullanılmıştır. Günümüzde ise Kurtuluş Savaşı yıllarında kullanılan Almanya üretimi Mauser marka tüfek ve tabancalar ile 19. yüzyıldan kalan işlemeli Türk kılıç ve kamaları burada sergilenir. Milli Mücadele yıllarında kullanılan arazi dürbünü, taşınabilir sahra telefon, Avusturya yapımı mors yazıcı ve Alexander von Kryha tarafından geliştirilen şifre makinesi gibi araçlar da salonda teşhir edilen eserlerdendir.

Kulis
Sekiz numaralı salon, milletvekillerinin oturum aralarında dinlendikleri kulis alanıdır. Burada Milli Mücadele döneminde yaşanan gelişmelerin kronolojik sırayla anlatıldığı ve I. TBMM'de alınan kararların aktarıldığı bilgilendirici panolar yer alır. 23 Nisan 1920 tarihinde düzenlenen açılış töreninde meclis binası üzerine asılan ilk Türk bayrağı, Erzurum Kongresi ve Başkumandanlık mühürleri, Büyük Taarruz sonrası zafer hatırası olarak halka dağıtılan ipek mendil ve Fransa ile imzalanan Ankara Anlaşması'nın şerefine üretilen Atatürk kabartmalı dekoratif anı eşyası da sergilenen eserler arasındadır. Bu salon ayrıca geçici sergilerin düzenlendiği yerdir.

Anayasa Komisyonu Odası
O zamanki adıyla Şer'iye Encümeni Odası, mecliste yapılan yasa tekliflerinin Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası'na uygunluğunun görüşüldüğü yerdir. Dokuz numaralı bu salonda Teşkilâtı Esasiye Kanunu'nun taslakları haricinde Lozan Anlaşması'nın imzalandığı masa ve sürece katılan Türk delegelerin listelendiği bilgi panoları bulunmaktadır.

Riyaset Divanı Odası
Müzenin on numaralı ve son salonu olan bu oda, bakanlar kurulu ve meclis başkanlığı divanı tarafından kullanılmıştır. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün de bazen bu odada çalıştığı bilinmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar

 Sanal Tur: https://100.tbmm.gov.tr/sanaltur-tbmm-kurtulus-savasi-muzesi.html

Kaynakça

Altındağ'daki müzeler
Ankara'daki tarih müzeleri
Müze
Hacı Bayram, Altındağ
1981'de kurulan müzeler
Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi
1981'de Türkiye'de kurulan oluşumlar
1920'de tamamlanan yapılar

Kurtuluş Savaşı Müzesi


Bivša Svilana u parku Maksimir je velika gospodarska građevina.

Nije joj poznat točan datum gradnje, ali je poznato da je 1853. godine već postojala. Zgrada je pravocrtnog tlocrta, dvostrešnog krovišta pokrivenog crijepom. Prizemlje i kat su visoki. Na južnom i sjevernom pročelju 1. kata su ugrađena dva vodoravna reda niskih, uskih prozora, pa se zgrada doima dvokatnom. Na zabatima su bili ugrađeni samo tavanski prozori, a kasnije je ugrađeno po šest prozora neprimjerenog oblika i veličine po cijelom zabatu. U središnjoj osi južnog pročelja su ulazna vrata, a pred njima je povišeni drveni trijem natkriven jednostrešnim krovićem. U unutrašnjosti su prostorije služile za čahure svilene bube. Danas se koristi kao skladište Agronomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.

Zaštita
Zgrada je zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Izvori

Park Maksimir
Građevine u Zagrebu
Industrijski objekti u Hrvatskoj
Zaštićene gospodarske građevine u Gradu Zagrebu

Svilana u Maksimiru


Ernst Bürki (* 10. August 1882 in Grossaffoltern; † 9. Februar 1966 in Thun) war ein Schweizer Metzgermeister und Politiker (BGB).

Werdegang
Bürki war ab 1905 in Thun als Metzger niedergelassen. Ab 1921 war er Präsident des Verbandes Schweizer Metzgermeister und wurde nach seinem Ausscheiden aus dem Amt zum Ehrenmitglied ernannt. Daneben war er von 1940 bis 1945 Präsident der Handels- und Gewerbekammer des Kantons Bern.

Von 1919 bis 1923 fungierte er als Gemeinderat in Thun, war dann ab 1922 bernischer Grossrat und von 1931 bis 1951 Nationalrat.

Literatur
 Schweizer Biographisches Archiv – Zürich [et al.]: Internat. Publikationen, 1952–1958

Weblinks

Fleischer
Verbandsfunktionär (Schweiz)
Nationalrat (Bern)
Grossrat (Bern)
BGB-Mitglied
Schweizer
Geboren 1882
Gestorben 1966
Mann

Ernst Bürki


Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer-Dellafaille, né le  à Bruxelles et mort le  à Saint-Josse-ten-Noode, est un architecte belge.

Biographie

Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer est né le  à Bruxelles. Il a fait ses études au collège Thérésien à Bruxelles et aux écoles centrales de la Dyle. Il a un frère, Charles et deux sœurs, Barbara et Marie-Catherine de Dobbeleer.

Il se marie en 1815 avec Marie-Louise Dellafaille. C'est à partir de ce jour qu'il prend le nom de « de Dobbeleer-Dellafaille ». En 1829, sa femme meurt à Anvers sans qu'elle n'ait eu d'enfant avec lui.

Le , Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer décède à Saint-Josse-ten-Noode.

Travail

Il commence sa carrière en 1804, en tant qu'aspirant au service des Ponts et Chaussées de la Province d'Anvers. En 1809, il commence des études à l'École Spéciale d'Architecture de Paris.

En 1814, il est nommé inspecteur du service du département des deux Nèthes et, un an plus tard, il est récompensé par Guillaume d'Orange par le titre d'architecte honoraire des Palais d'Anvers.

En 1816, il est nommé par arrêté royal, ingénieur de 1ère classe au corps de Waterstaat et il travaille également dans le corps des Travaux Publics de la Province d'Anvers, faisant fonction d'ingénieur en chef.

En 1833, il est nommé par le Roi Léopold 1er, ingénieur en chef de 2e classe. Il sera également décoré Chevalier de l'ordre de Léopold.

Réalisations
Les plans réalisés par Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer représentent essentiellement des ponts, des écluses, des routes ou encore des digues, mais il a également réalisé des casernes, des prisons ou encore des maisons d'arrêt. Il a par exemple dressé les plans de la prison d'Anvers ainsi que ceux de la maison de correction de Saint-Bernard dans les bâtiments de l'abbaye.

Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer a surtout acquis une renommée pour la reconstruction des nombreuses routes et ponts qui avaient été détruits pendant les guerres napoléoniennes.

Plus de 130 plans qu'il a réalisés ou qui lui ont appartenu sont conservés à la Bibliothèque universitaire Moretus Plantin et une partie est accessible sur la plateforme Neptun (Numérisation du Patrimoine de l'Université de Namur).

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Fonds de Dobbeleer sur la plateforme Neptun.
 Inventaris van het Bouwkundig Erfgoed.

Chevalier de l'ordre de Léopold
Architecte belge

Jean-Baptiste de Dobbeleer


Asienmesterskabet i håndbold for mænd 2018 var den 18. udgave af Asienmesterskabet i håndbold for mænd. Turneringen blev afholdt i Suwon i Syd Korea.

Mesterskabet blev udvidet til at inkludere Australien, New Zealand og Bangladesh.

Spillesteder

Lodtrækning
Lodtrækningen blev udført den 13. september 2017.

Irak trak sig den 4. januar 2018 grundet uundgåelige omstændigheder, hvilket efterlod to hold i Gruppe A. Det blev derfor besluttet at rykke Usbekistan fra Gruppe B til Gruppe A for at balancere antallet af hold i begge grupper.

Dommere
Følgende dommerpar blev valgt til at dømme kampene.

Indledende gruppespil

Gruppe A

Gruppe B

Gruppe C

Gruppe D

Mellemrunde

Gruppe 1

Gruppe 2

Klassement kampe

Gruppe 3

Gruppe 4

Placeringskampe

13.-plads

11.-plads

9.-plads

7.-plads

5.-plads

Slutspil

Semifinaler

Bronzekamp

Finalekamp

Rangering

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
AHF Hjemmeside

Håndbold i 2018
2018

Asienmesterskabet i håndbold 2018 (mænd)


Mladen Januš-Žuga (Zagreb, 1946. – 2021.) bio je hrvatski folklorni umjetnik, dugogodišnji solist - plesač i pjevač Ansambla narodnih plesova i pjesama Hrvatske LADO.

Profesionalna karijera

Mladen Januš-Žuga rođen je u Zagrebu, gdje je započeo svoju umjetničku i profesionalnu karijeru. Već u školskim danima pokazuje sklonost scenskom izražavanju kroz sudjelovanje u dramskim predstavama i plesnim natjecanjima. Kako praznike uglavnom provodi na selu u Mariji Bistrici,slike prirode i seoskog života duboko se ucrtavaju u njegovu mladu osobu. Kao student strojarstva 1970.god. dolazi u LADO na audiciju, gdje ga odmah uočava prof. Zvonimir Ljevaković, osnivač i dugogodišnji umjetnički ravnatelj Ansambla. Procjenivši njegov talent i osjećaj za umjetničko izražavanje, ubrzo mu povjerava odgovorne plesačke i pjevačke zadatke, istaknuvši ga kao solistu. Koreografi koji su kasnije djelovali u LADU, poput dr.Ivančana i prof.Bagura, znali su osjetiti intenzitet i kvalitetu gotovo izvorne interpretacije koju Januš može pružiti, te mu iskazuju puno povjerenje. Tako nastaju njegove nezaboravne kreacije kolovođe u "Linđu", ličkim plesovima, istarskom "Balunu", te uloga kućedomaćina u koreografiji "Kamen goro, prozeleni rano." Na taj način, živeći i pronoseći hrvatsku glazbenu i plesnu tradiciju na svim domaćim, ali i reprezentativnim svjetskim pozornicama, dočekao je i mirovinu. Svoju sklonost ka folklornom izražavanju potvrđuje i radom u nekoliko folklornih ansambala u Hrvatskoj, Austriji i Njemačkoj. Za svoja koreografska rješenja dobiva brojne pohvale stručnjaka na domaćim smotrama folklora i nagradu na Folklornom festivalu u Slovačkoj. Sazrijevši kao umjetnik plesač, razvija svoj vokalni potencijal učeći od eminentnih imena poput Dinka Fia, Emila Cossetta i Božidara Potočnika. Svojim je radom čuvao i širio autentičnost narodnog izričaja hrvatskih narodnih plesova, običaja i glazbe, pridonio je upoznavanju javnosti s bogatom hrvatskom baštinom i poticao njegovanje, čuvanje i širenje plesne i glazbene kulture.

Za Mladena Januša-Žugu je Hanibal Dundović, nekadašnji umjetnički rukovoditelj Ansambla LADO zapisao sljedeće:

Jegeduši

S vremenom, iznikavši u LADU i djelujući izvan njega, Januš osniva mali vokalno-instrumentalni sastav "Jegeduši", što je značilo više se oslanjati na sebe i svoje mogućnosti. Pišući tekstove, vesele i vrckave, Januš polako, usput otkriva pjesnika u sebi. Krug pjesama nastalih za potrebe "Jegeduša", Januš postupno proširuje u rukovet pjesama nastalih u raznim prilikama, putovanjima, turnejama, pa i u garderobi LADA čekajući svoj red na pokus u dvorani. 2002. god. izdaje knjigu pjesama pod nazivom "Tičeki mali popijevaju" od kojih su mnoge uglazbljene.

Značajnije koreografije
 Kamen goro, prozeleni rano
 Stari splitski plesovi
 Podravski svati
 Vrličko kolo
 Oko škrinje nevjestine
 Balun
 Na Baniji bubanj bije
 Tanac po susacku
 Pjesme i plesovi travničkog kraja
 Lastovski poklad
 Primoštensko kolo
 Linđo
 Ličko kolo

Izvori

Hrvatski scenski umjetnici

Mladen Januš-Žuga


Coma est un film français écrit et réalisé par Bertrand Bonello et sorti en 2022. Il mêle prise de vues réelles, animation et vidéos de médias sociaux.

C'est le dernier film dans lequel Gaspard Ulliel a tourné avant de mourir, mais le premier film à sortir après sa mort. Le film est présenté en avant-première mondiale en compétition dans la section « Encounters » lors de la Berlinale 2022 le , où il remporte le prix FIPRESCI.

Synopsis
Une adolescente est enfermée chez elle pendant une crise sanitaire mondiale. Elle navigue alors entre rêves et réalité, jusqu'à ce qu'elle se mette à suivre une inquiétante et mystérieuse YouTubeuse nommée Patricia Coma.

Fiche technique

 Titre original : Coma
 Réalisation et scénario : Bertrand Bonello
 Musique : Bertrand Bonello
 Photographie : Antoine Parouty
 Montage : Gabrielle Stemmer
 Production : Justin Taurand, Bertrand Bonello, Felix de Givry et Ugo Bienvenu
 Sociétés de production : Les Films du Bélier, coproduit par My New Picture, et Remembers Production
 Sociétés de distribution : New Story (France), Best Friend Forever (Belgique)
 Pays de production :
 Langue originale : français
 Format : couleur
 Genre : drame, fantastique, thriller
 Durée : 80 minutes
 Budget :
 Dates de sortie :
 Allemagne :  (Berlinale)
 France :  (La Berlinale à Paris 2022, avant-première) ;  (sortie nationale)
 Canada :  (Festival du Nouveau Cinéma de Montréal 2022, avant-première)
 Belgique :  (en salles)
 Classification :
 France : tous publics

Distribution
 Julia Faure : Patricia Coma
 Louise Labèque : jeune fille
 Gaspard Ulliel : Scott (voix)
 Laetitia Casta : Sharon (voix)
 Vincent Lacoste : Nicholas (voix)
 Louis Garrel :  (voix)
 Anaïs Demoustier : Ashley (voix)

Production

Genèse et développement
Le , le site français Chaos Reign a rapporté que le réalisateur Bertrand Bonello venait de terminer un film surprise intitulé « Coma » avant de tourner le film « La Bête ».

Bertrand Bonello a décrit Coma comme le dernier volet de sa trilogie sur la jeunesse, qui a commencé avec Nocturama (2016), et a été suivi par Zombi Child (2019). Bonello a écrit le scénario du film pendant le confinement de  en France en raison de la pandémie de Covid-19. Il a également composé la bande originale du film.

Le film est dédié et inspiré par Anna, la fille de Bertrand Bonello, alors âgée de . Coma mélange digital vidéo, animation 2D et 3D et images d'archives.

L'origine de Coma est un court métrage que Bonello a réalisé pour la Fondation Prada lors du premier confinement dû au Covid-19, « Où en êtes-vous ? (Numéro 2) », qui devint le prologue de Coma, la lettre à sa fille. Bonello a déclaré qu'une conférence du philosophe français Gilles Deleuze («Méfiez-vous des rêves des autres, car si vous êtes pris dans leur rêve, vous êtes foutu»), lui a fait pousser la lettre et le prologue un peu plus loin et imaginer le psychisme de la fille. Cela l'a également inspiré à faire exactement le contraire de ce que dit Deleuze: « Laissons-nous prendre dans le rêve de l'autre et voyons ce qui se passe », a déclaré Bonello.

Dans une interview réalisée en , Bonello a déclaré qu'il n'excluait pas de réaliser une suite à Coma.

Tournage

En raison de la pandémie de Covid-19, Bertrand Bonello tourne le film dans sa propre maison avec une petite équipe et des moyens limités. Le film a été tourné en . Julia Faure a tourné toutes ses scènes en  avec une petite équipe de sept personnes et sans perchman.

Bertrand Bonello tourne pour la deuxième fois avec Gaspard Ulliel et Louis Garrel après Saint Laurent en 2014, et pour la deuxième fois avec Louise Labèque après Zombi Child en 2019.

Bonello voulait des voix très reconnaissables pour les poupées, afin qu'elles aient rapidement une identité pour le spectateur. Il a fait appel à Laetitia Casta, Gaspard Ulliel, Anaïs Demoustier, Vincent Lacoste et Louis Garrel. « Tous les cinq sont venus chez moi, j'ai fait le café, en une matinée tout était fini. Au-delà du côté très ludique de tout ça, je leur ai demandé de tout jouer avec un premier degré qui a permis une émotion très simple dans les scènes. Et un effet comique », a déclaré Bonello.

Gaspard Ulliel, qui prête sa voix à la poupée Scott, était récemment décédé des suites d'un accident de ski le  alors que Bonello montait le film. Bonello a déclaré au magazine américain Variety :

Coma c'est le dernier film tourné par Gaspard Ulliel avant de mourir, il a terminé le tournage en décembre 2021. Le jour même de la mort de Gaspard Ulliel, Coma a été annoncé comme l'un des films sélectionnés pour le Festival du film de Berlin. Le rôle d'Ulliel dans Coma a été gardé secret jusqu'à ce que le synopsis officiel et la distribution complète du film soient révélées le , ce qui en fait le premier film sorti après sa mort - après sa première au Festival du film de Berlin le , bien qu'il soit le dernier film qu'il ait tourné, car il s'est terminé en , un mois avant sa mort.

Marketing
La première photo du film avec Louise Labèque, la synopsis et la distribution complète ont été révélés le .

Deux extraits du film intitulés « Catatonie » et « Cullen » sont révélés sur YouTube le  Le clip intitulé "Cullen" mettait en vedette la voix de Gaspard Ulliel dans le rôle de la poupée Scott. La société de ventes belge Best Friend Forever a publié une affiche et une bande-annonce exclusive de  pour le film sur son compte Instagram le .

Le , Best Friend Forever a publié sur son compte Instagram un nouveau clip de 9 secondes avec Louise Labèque jouant sur un appareil électronique similaire au Rubik's Cube.

Une nouvelle affiche pour le film a été révélée par New Story sur leur site officiel début octobre 2022. La bande-annonce officielle du film est sortie sur les réseaux sociaux de New Story le 14 octobre 2022.

Sortie
Le , il a été signalé que la société bruxelloise Best Friend Forever avait acquis le film.

Coma a été présenté en première mondiale en compétition dans la section « Encounters » lors du 72e Festival de Berlin le .

Le film fait son avant-première en France dans « La Berlinale à Paris » au Centre Pompidou le , et était également présenté au Festival de Champs-Élysées en avant-première le . Il aura sa première nord-américaine au 60e Festival du film de New York dans la section « Currents » le 1er octobre 2022.

Le distributeur New Story a sorti le film en France dans les salles de cinéma le .

Coma sortira en DVD le .

Accueil

Accueil critique

Le site américain Rotten Tomatoes propose un score de 78% et une note moyenne de 6.80/10 à partir de l'interprétation de 9 titres de presse. Sur Metacritic, il obtient une note moyenne de  pour . En France, le site Allociné propose une moyenne de , après avoir recensé 17 critiques de presse.

Le magazine américain Film Comment a classé le film au numéro deux sur sa liste des "Meilleurs films non distribués de 2022", une liste de films qui ont été projetés dans des festivals du monde entier mais n'ont pas annoncé de distribution aux États-Unis. Le site américain The Film Stage a également inclus Coma dans sa liste des "Meilleurs films non distribués de 2022".

Fabien Lemercier de Cineuropa a écrit; « C'est une carte invisible, poétique, philosophico-chaotique que Bertrand Bonello dessine dans Coma, une expérience immersive de recentrage de soi entre la vie et la mort, un essai fragmentaire sur le changement, un portrait indirect d'une jeune génération en souffrance, une dépêche cryptique de messages codés préparant l'aube au cœur de la nuit cannibale du monde », et « Ceux qui sont déconcertés par Coma, auront sans doute une autre chance dans le futur de revoir ce qui deviendra inévitablement un film culte. »

Rafaela Sales Ross de The Playlist a écrit; « Dans un marché sursaturé de films sur le thème de la pandémie, «Coma» est une merveille délirante qui rappelle que, entre de bonnes mains, il n'existe pas de sujet irréalisable.»

Anna Smith de Deadline a écrit; « Bonello appelle ce film un «petit geste», et à bien des égards, il ressemble à une histoire intime. Mais sa résonance plus large en fait une montre d'actualité et qui suscite tranquillement la réflexion.»

Cédric Succivalli de l'International Cinephile Society a écrit que «Coma est un chef-d'œuvre néo-lynchien à combustion lente qui épatera ceux qui souhaitent se lancer dans son voyage tumultueux avec sa mise en abymes et ses épiphanies d'extase visuelle. C'est un film patchwork presque impossible à saisir au premier abord. vue et nécessitera sans aucun doute plusieurs visionnements, mais il devrait devenir culte avec le temps. Les dix dernières minutes de Coma sont déjà dans mon panthéon des meilleures finales de tous les temps, faisant écho à la finale de The Tree of Life de Terrence Malick dix ans plus tard avec mélancolie et désespoir.» Succivalli a également salué la performance de Julia Faure en disant; «quel trésor d'actrice la sous-estimée Julia Faure est dans le cosmos du cinéma français contemporain. Elle apporte chaleur, sensualité et iconoclasme aux montagnes russes émotionnelles d'une histoire qui avait besoin d'elle comme le champagne a besoin de bulles», et le regretté Gaspard Ulliel dans le rôle de la poupée Scott, «dont la voix douce ne peut que nous briser le cœur.»

Mathieu Macheret du Le Monde a écrit : «Avec une remarquable économie de moyens, Bertrand Bonello livre avec Coma une petite boule de rêverie et de terreur larvée, dialoguant librement avec un certain imaginaire d'horreur, de surréalisme ou de science-fiction.»

Olivier Lamm a écrit pour Libération : «Coma est un film limbesque, un limbe de film, qui entend profiter de la marge, de l'interstice qui lui donne son corps, pour s'inventer sous nos yeux, pour nous, avec nous.»

Jean-Marc Lalanne a écrit pour Les Inrockuptibles : «Un essai poétique audacieux et ramassé à très forte densité, dans lequel se réverbèrent avec éclat tous les espoirs et les angoisses de l'époque.»

Mathieu Victor-Pujebet a écrit pour Ecran Large : «Parfois trop théorique et trop explicatif, Coma reste un des films les plus beaux et inquiets réalisés par Bertrand Bonello. C'est un voyage hallucinogène à la fois fou, drôle, terrifiant et bouleversant.»

Box-office
Pour son premier jour d'exploitation en France, Coma réalise  d'entrées et figure onzième place au box-office des nouveautés. Lors de son premier week-end d'exploitation, Coma compte  d'entrées dans 42 salles.

Distinctions

Récompense
 Prix FIPRESCI de la Berlinale 2022

Nominations et sélections
 Berlinale 2022 : sélection « Encounters »
 Festival du film d'Istanbul 2022 : sélection officielle, en compétition
 Festival de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 2022 : sélection officielle, en compétition
 Festival Gabès Cinéma Fen 2022 : sélection « Fenêtre Sur Les Cinémas Du Monde »
 Festival de Curitiba 2022 : sélection officielle, hors compétition
 La Berlinale à Paris 2022 : avant-première, hors compétition
 Festival de Champs-Élysées 2022 : avant-première, hors compétition
 Festival La Rochelle Cinéma 2022 : sélection « Ici et ailleurs »
 Festival de Cinema Social de Catalunya 2022 : sélection officielle
 Festival du film de New York 2022 : sélection « Currents »
 Festival du film de Londres 2022 : sélection « Dare »
 Festival de cinéma Indépendance(s) et Création d'Auch 2022 : sélection officielle
 Festival du Nouveau Cinéma de Montréal 2022 : sélection « Les incontournables »
 Festival international du film indépendant de Bordeaux 2022 : sélection « Coups de Cœur », hors compétition
 Festival du film de Gand 2022 : sélection officielle
 Viennale 2022 : sélection officielle
 Festival du film de Mar del Plata 2022 : sélection « Autoras y Autores »
 Scanorama European Film Forum 2022 : sélection « Wild Cards »
 Fancine Málaga 2022 : sélection « Place »
 Festival du film de Turin 2022 : sélection « Nouvi Mondo »
 Festival du film de Márgenes 2022 : sélection « El Presente »
 Longtake Interactive Film Festival 2022 : sélection officielle, en compétition

Références

Liens externes

 Coma sur Berlinale
 Coma sur Best Friend Forever
 Dossier de presse du film (en anglais)

Film français sorti en 2022
Film en français
Film dramatique français
Film fantastique français
Film à énigme
Thriller (film) français
Film expérimental français
Film réalisé par Bertrand Bonello
Film scénarisé par Bertrand Bonello
Film de My New Picture
Film sur l'adolescence
Film mélangeant animation et prises de vues réelles
Long métrage d'animation en volume
Film sur la pandémie de Covid-19
Film tourné en France
Film se déroulant en France
Film se déroulant dans les années 2020
Prix FIPRESCI à la Berlinale
Film tourné en 2021
Film tous publics en France

Coma (film, 2022)


أنوري الأبيوردي هو أوحد الدين علي بن محمد الخافاراني أو أوحد الدين علي بن محمود، وهو واحد من أعظم الشعراء ال كما برز كفلكي أيضاً.

ولد سنة 1126 ميلادية في مدينة أبيارد (والتي توجد الآن في تركمنستان، وتوفي سنة 1189 ميلادية في مدينة كراشينيان بلخ (والتي توجد الآن في أفغانستان). درس العلم والأدب في المدرسة المذهبية في مدينة طون (والتي تسمى اليوم مدينة  في إيران)، وأصبح فلكياً مشهوراً كما برع أيضاً في الشعر.

كان أنوري كاتبًا ملمًّا في كتابة العديد من الأنواع الأدبية، وتميز بشكلٍ خاص في فن القصيدة والغزل (القصيدة الغنائية). تُظهر قصائده براعة رسمية كبيرة في حين تُعرف كلماته البسيطة نسبيًا بحنانها وسحرها. يوجد في القصائد التي جُمعت من ديوان أنوري ما يُقارب 632 صفحة من القصائد والغزل والرباعيات والقطع الشعرية (القصائد الأقصر) والمقاطع.

كرّس أنوري عمله في بداية حياته المهنية كشاعر للسلطان سنجار من أسرة السلجوق العظيمة (من القرن 11 إلى القرن 13). بدأ لاحقًا في تأليف أعمال ساخرة ولاذعة تنتقد بشدة جميع جوانب النظام الاجتماعي. كانت قصيدته الأطول هي رثاء عن الدمار الذي حدث في خراسان وإلى حد كبير في شمال شرق فارس (إيران الآن) في عام 1153 بسبب غزو رجال قبائل الأوغوز.

لم يعتقد أنوري بأن الشعر هو أسمى المهارات الموجودة واستهزأ بحياة شعراء البلاط، ولكنه أشار باستياء وبسخرية إلى أن مناصرة هذه الطبقة كانت الوسيلة الوحيدة للحصول على ثروة كافية. وهكذا بقي شاعراً في البلاط حتى وقت لاحق من حياته. أجبرته الظروف بعد ذلك على اتباع المسار الأكثر استقلالية وربما الأكثر تفضيلاً للأديب ثم أنهى حياته في عزلة هادئة.

قصائده
جمعت أشعار أنوري في الديوان وقد احتوت على المناظرات، والمدح والهجاء وغيرها من أغراض الشعر. واعتبرت قصيدته الرثائية (دموع خراسان)- والتي ترجمت إلى اللغة الإنجليزية سنة 1789 م- واحدة من أجمل القصائد التي قيلت في الأدب الفارسي.

اعتبر قسم تاريخ إيران في جامعة كامبردج أنوري واحداً من أعظم الرموز في الأدب الفارسي. وعلى الرغم من جمال قصائده إلا أن قراءتها تحتاج على الأغلب إلى مساعدة خاصة لفهم معانيها، حيث أنها غالباً ما تكون معقدة وصعبة الفهم.

حياته ووفاته
مناظرات أنوري التي أقامها بحضور السلطان السلجوقي سلطان سانجار (1117- 1157)- حاكم ، حازت على استحسانه الملكي، والتمتع بحق التعيين في الوظائف الحكومية مع اثنين من ورثة العرش السنجري.

وكيفما كان، وعندما فشل تنبؤه بالكوارث في أكتوبر سنة 1158 م، رحل بعيداً بسفينة الملك باستحسان منه؛ وأجبر على عيش بقية حياته في خدمة الثقافة، وفي نهاية الأمر قبض البارئ روحه سنة 1189 م.

المراجع

 The Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press ISBN 0-521-06936-X
 جان ربكا، History of Iranian Literature. Reidel Publishing Company. 1968. ISBN 90-277-0143-1

انظر أيضاً
 الأدب الفارسي

أشخاص من خراسان
أشخاص من سرخس
إيرانيون في القرن 12
شعراء فرس في القرن 12
علماء فلك في العصور الإسلامية الوسطى
فلكيو القرن 12
فلكيون إيرانيون في القرن 12
فلكيون فرس من العصور الوسطى
فلكيون مسلمون
كتاب القرن 12
مواليد 1126
مواليد في سرخس (مدينة)
وفيات 1189
وفيات 575 هـ
وفيات في بلخ

أنوري الأبيوردي


Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju za sezonu 2016./17. je petnaesti put zaredom osvojila momčad Nada iz Splita.

Prva liga

Sudionici

 Makarska Rivijera - Makarska
 Sinj - Sinj
 Nada - Split
 Mladost - Zagreb
 Zagreb - Zagreb

Ljestvica

Rezultati

Druga liga
Druga liga je igrana turnirski - krot tri kvalifikacijska turnira i završnicu. Ligu je osvojio Novi Zagreb.

Sudionici

 Rijeka, Rijeka
 Šibenik, Šibenik
 Lokomotiva, Zagreb
 Novi Zagreb, Zagreb

Ljestvica

Rezultati

Povezani članci
 Kup Hrvatske u ragbiju 2016.
 Regional Rugby Championship 2016./17.
 Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju 7 2017.

Izvori
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2016/17 - 1. liga, ljestvica, pristupljeno 9. svibnja 2017.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2016/17 - 1. liga, raspored i rezultati, pristupljeno 9. svibnja 2017.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2016/17 - 2. liga, ljestvica, pristupljeno 9. svibnja 2017.
 rugby.hr, Prvenstvo Hrvatske 2016/17 - 2. liga, raspored i rezultati, pristupljeno 9. svibnja 2017.

2016-17

Prvenstvo Hrvatske u ragbiju 2016./17.


Ferdinand Parpan ( à Alfortville -  à Maisons-Alfort) est un sculpteur français.

Biographie

Notes et références

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .

Liens externes

 .

Sculpteur français du XXe siècle
Sculpteur animalier
Naissance en juillet 1902
Naissance à Alfortville
Décès en avril 2004
Décès à Maisons-Alfort
Décès à 101 ans

Ferdinand Parpan


2nd Congress may refer to:
2nd Congress of the Philippines (1949–1953)
2nd Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (1903)
2nd Congress of the Workers' Party of North Korea (1948)
2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (1922)
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India (1948)
2nd National Congress of the Kuomintang (1926)
2nd National Congress of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1972)
2nd National People's Congress (1959–1964)
2nd United States Congress (1791–1793)
2nd World Congress of the Comintern (1920)
International Socialist Labor Congress of Brussels, 1891, the 2nd Congress of the Second International
Lausanne Congress (1867), the 2nd Congress of the First International

2nd Congress