Rasos Cemetery (, , ) is the oldest and most famous cemetery in the city of Vilnius, Lithuania. It is named after the Rasos district where it is located. It is separated into two parts, the old and the new cemeteries, by a narrow Sukilėliai Street. The total area is 10.8 ha. Since 1990 new burials are allowed only to family graves.

History
The year 1769 is cited in many sources as the date when the cemetery was founded. However, some historians believe it is a typo and the real date should be 1796. On April 24, 1801, the new cemetery was consecrated. Two days later Jan Müller, the mayor of Vilnius, became the first person to be buried there. A formal document was signed in July 1801. It specified that the cemetery received  of land and that the cemetery will be free of charge to all city residents. It was the first cemetery in Vilnius not located next to a church.

In 1802–1807 two columbariums were built. They reached up to five stories in height and were joined at a right angle. At the end of the 19th century the columbariums began deteriorating. In between the columbariums, a neo-gothic red brick chapel was built in 1844–50. In 1888 a matching belltower was added to the chapel. At first the cemetery was surrounded by a wooden fence, but it burned down in 1812. A brick fence was rebuilt in 1820 and portions of it survive to this day.

In 1814 the cemetery was expanded as authorities bought additional land from a city resident. The addition is now known as the Hill of the Literati (Lithuanian: Literatų kalnelis). In 1847, members of the Eastern Orthodox church opened their own cemetery next to Rasos. It was used to bury soldiers from a nearby monastery hospital and poor city residents. Therefore, it became known as the Cemetery of Orphans (Lithuanian: Našlaičių kapinės).

After World War II, the Soviet authorities demolished the right columbarium and in the 1970s razed the left columbarium. The whole necropolis was to be destroyed in the 1980s as the Soviet authorities planned a major motorway to be built directly through the cemetery. Due to a press campaign led by the Polish-language   (Red Banner) newspaper and economic difficulties, the destruction was halted. After Lithuanian independence (1990) and the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991), Lithuanian and Polish authorities collaborated in a restoration of the cemetery.

Polish war cemetery
In 1920 a war cemetery was built near the entrance for 164 Polish soldiers who fell in the city during the Polish–Soviet War and Polish–Lithuanian War. It was rebuilt in 1935–1936 by Wojciech Jastrzębowski, who also designed the tombstone where the heart of Józef Piłsudski is enshrined.

Until September 18, 1939, when the Red Army entered the city, an honorary guard of three soldiers stood there at all times. Three unknown soldiers who refused to give up their arms to the Soviets in 1939 were shot on the spot and are now buried next to Marshal Piłsudski's heart. Part of the cemetery contains graves of Polish Home Army soldiers, who fell during the Wilno Uprising. Their graves, demolished after World War II, were rebuilt by the funds of the Republic of Poland in 1993.

Notable interments

There are many famous Lithuanians, Poles, and Belarusians buried there, including over fifty Vilnius University professors. Those interred there include:
 Vladas Abramavičius (1909–1965), Lithuanian cultural historian, poet, journalist, translator
 Adam Ferdynand Adamowicz (1802–1881), one of the pioneers of Polish veterinary, president of the Medical Society of Vilna
 Francišak Alachnovič (1883–1944), Belarusian writer, journalist
 Jonas Ambrozaitis (1856–1916), Lithuanian cultural figure, organizer of secret plays of then banned Lithuanian theater, Lithuanian book smuggler and distributor
 Juozapas Ambraziejus–Ambrozevičius (1855–1915), Lithuanian composer, poet, establisher of Lithuanian orchestra in Šnipiškės Saint Raphael church in 1897, member of the secret Lithuanian patriotic organization of Vilnius "Dvylika Vilniaus apaštalų" ("Twelve Apostles of Vilnius") (1895–1904)
 Andrius Ašmantas (1906–1941), Lithuanian linguist, scholar, Lithuanian cultural activist of Lithuania Minor
 Bolesław Bałzukiewicz (1867–1915), Polish sculptor, professor at the Vilnius University
 Jonas Basanavičius (1851–1927), Lithuanian physician, scientist, patriot, activist, editor of Lithuanian newspaper Aušra, signer of the Act of Independence of Lithuania
 August Bécu (1771–1824), physician, stepfather Juliusz Słowacki
 Cenotaph to Kazys Bizauskas, (1893–1941) Lithuanian statesman, diplomat, author, one of the twenty signatories of the Act of Independence of Lithuania
 Kazys Boruta (1905–1965), Lithuanian writer and poet
 Janina Burchardówna (1883–1924), Polish journalist, teacher
 Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875–1911), Lithuanian painter, photographer and composer
 Petras Cvirka (1909–1947), Lithuanian writer
 Kristupas Čibiras (1888–1942), Lithuanian priest, cultural figure, political activist, active member of Lithuanian cultural and educational organization Lietuvių švietimo draugija "Rytas"
 Aleksander Dalewski (1827–1862), Polish political activist, founder of "Związek Bratni"
 Viktoras Dasys (1895–1944), Lithuanian cultural activist
 Rimantas Daugintis (1944–1990), famous Lithuanian sculptor; committed suicide by self-immolation protesting Soviet regime in Lithuania
 Borisas Dauguvietis (1885–1949), Lithuanian playwright, actor
 Mečislovas Davainis–Silvestraitis (1849–1919), Lithuanian journalist, poet, specialist in Lithuanian folklore, book smuggler, Lithuanian cultural activist
 Cenotaph to Pranas Dovydaitis (1886–1942), Lithuanian politician, teacher, encyclopedist, editor, professor, Signatory of the Act of Independence of Lithuania, Prime Minister of Lithuania
 Wacław Dziewulski (1882–1938), Polish physician, professor at Vilnius University
 Antonina Fiszer (1824–1840), Polish actress
 Liudas Gira (1884–1946), Lithuanian poet, writer, and literary critic
 Antoni Józef Gliński (1818–1865), Polish writer
 Antanas Gudaitis (1904–1989), Lithuanian painter
 Laurynas Gucevičius (1753–1798), Lithuanian architect
 Władysław Horodyjski, Polish philosopher, professor at Vilnius University
 Czesław Jankowski (1857–1929), Polish poet
 Ludwik Janowski (1878–1921), Polish cultural historian, professor
 Rapolas Jakimavičius (1893–1961), Lithuanian painter and sculptor
 Stasys Jasilionis (1892–1950), Lithuanian American poet, writer, cultural figure
 Wacław Jasiński (1881–1936), Polish pediatrician, professor at the University of Vilnius
 Jonas Jašmantas (1849–1906), Lithuanian cultural figure, founder of the Lithuanian and Samogitian Charitable Society in Saint Petersburg, member of the secret Lithuanian patriotic organization of Vilnius "Dvylika Vilniaus apaštalų"
 Adam Jocher (1791–1860), Polish librarian, founder of the first public library in Vilnius
 Aleksandras Jurašaitis (1859–1915), Lithuanian photographer, one of the first Lithuanian filmmakers, founder of his own photographic studio ("Jurašaičio ateljė") on Gediminas Avenue of Vilnius (1902–1922), Lithuanian cultural activist
 Konstanty Kalinowski (1823–1864), Belarusian military commander of insurgents during the January Uprising
 Aldona Didžiulytė–Kazanavičienė (1892–1968), Lithuanian children's literature writer
 Vincas Kisarauskas (1934–1988), Lithuanian painter, graphic artist, scenographer. One of initiators of ex-librīs movement, one of the first Lithuanian artists, who popularized Collage, Assemblage, Photomontage techniques
 Franciszka Kleczkowska (1827–1889), Polish educational activist
 Juliusz Kłos (1881–1933), Polish architect, author of the guidebook to Vilnius
 Felicjan Kochanowski (1831–1887), Polish priest, educational activist
 Kazys Kriščiukaitis (1870–1949), famous Lithuanian wood sculptor, author of wooden altars, restorer, establisher of his own workshop in Vilnius (1890)
 Kazimiera Kymantaitė (1909–1999), Lithuanian film and actress and stage director
 Jonas Kruopas (1908–1975), Lithuanian linguist, scholar
 Marcelė Kubiliūtė, the only Lithuanian woman awarded all major Lithuanian orders
 Antanas Kučas (1909–1989), Lithuanian graphic artist, book illustrator, professor
 Gabrielius Landsbergis–Žemkalnis (1852–1916), Lithuanian playwright, publicist, book distributor, administrator of Vilniaus žinios
 Sigitas Benjaminas Lasavickas (1925–1998), Lithuanian architect and theorist, architectural restorer, who contributed greatly to conservation and restoration of Vilnius castles, Trakai castles, Medininkai Castle
 Anton Lavicki aka Jadvihin Š. (1869–1922), Belarusian playwright, opinion journalist, specialist in literature, translator and poet
 Joachim Lelewel (1786–1861), Polish historian, professor at Vilnius University
 Cenotaph to Anton Luckievich (1884–1942), Belarusian politician, historian, cultural figure, head of Belarusian museum in Vilnius
 Ivan Luckievič (1881–1919), Belarusian cultural figure, bibliophile, collectionner, historian, archaeologist, whose collection was a base for Belarusian museum in Vilnius (established in 1921)
 Józef Łukaszewicz (1863–1928), Polish professor at Stefan Batory University and revolutionist
 Wacław Leon Makowski (1854–1929), Polish publisher
 Mikołaj Malinowski () (1799–1865), Polish-Lithuanian historian, archaeologist
 Jonas Marcinkevičius (1900–1953), Lithuanian writer, journalist
 Alfonsas Mikulskis (1909–1983), Lithuanian composer, musical conductor, choirmaster of Lithuanian National Art Ensemble "Čiurlionis" in Cleveland
 Ona Mikulskienė (1905–2008), cultural figure of Lithuanian Americans, conductor of kanklės ensembles
 Cenotaph to Vladas Mironas (1880–1953), Lithuanian priest, cultural figure, politician, member of the Council of Lithuania, Signatory of the Act of Independence of Lithuania, Prime Minister of Lithuania.
 Józef Montwiłł (1850–1911), Polish humanist and sponsor of hospitals, orphanages and museums, sponsor of separate suburbs of houses in Vilnius (so-called colonies, most notable Lukiškės/Montvila colony near Lukiškės Square)
 Povilas Pakarklis (1902–1955), Lithuanian historian, professor of Vilnius University
 Augustinas Paškevičius (1844–1914), Lithuanian doctor, cultural figure, chairman (1909–14) of Lithuanian cultural Rūta Society of Vilnius
 Vincas Mykolaitis–Putinas (1893–1967), Lithuanian writer
 Jan O'Connor (1760–1802), physician, professor at Vilnius University
 Jerzy Orda (1905–1972), Polish historian, social activist
 Elena Žalinkevičaitė-Petrauskienė (1900–1986), famous Lithuanian actor, poet, playwright
 Kipras Petrauskas (1885–1968), famous Lithuanian tenor, founder of Lithuanian opera
 Mikas Petrauskas (1873–1937), Lithuanian composer, musical conductor, cultural figure, author of the first Lithuanian opera Birutė (staged in the building of the then City Hall, that is currently Lithuanian National Philharmonic in 1906)
 The heart of Józef Piłsudski (1867–1935), Polish statesman. Also his mother, two brothers, and first wife are buried at Rasos cemetery
 Onufry Pietraszkiewicz (1793–1863), Polish poet
 Maria Piłsudska (née Koplewska; 1865–1921), first wife of Józef Piłsudski
 Adam Piłsudski (1869–1935), Polish politician, vice-president of Vilna, brother of Józef Piłsudski
 Stasys Pinkus (1925–1992), Lithuanian art historian
 Karol Podczaszyński () (1790–1860), Polish-Lithuanian architect, professor at Vilnius University
 Rafał Radziwiłłowicz (1860–1929) Polish psychiatrist, social activist, professor at the University of Stefan Batory, co-founder of the Society for Social Medicine, co-founder of the Polish Psychiatric Association (1920)
 Albinas Rimka (1886–1944), Lithuanian economist, publicist, journalist, politician, Finance minister (1926) of Interwar Lithuania, Kaunas and Vilnius university professor
 Ksaveras Sakalauskas–Vanagėlis (1863–1938), Lithuanian book distributor, poet, writer, contributor to Lithuanian newspaper Aušra, organizer of Lithuanian choruses and secret Lithuanian theater plays, chairman of Lithuanian culture society of Warsaw (1923–1934), cultural figure
 Zygmunt Sierakowski (1826–1863), a commander of the January Uprising
 Ludwik Sokołowski (1882–1936), Polish engineer, architect, professor at the University of Stefan Batory
 Marek Konrad Sokołowski (1818–1883), famous Polish, Ukrainian and Russian guitarist, composer, inventor of his own type of Harp guitar, generally known as "The king of guitarists", was awarded the diploma of "The first guitarist of Europe" in 1858 in Carltheater, Vienna, the first professional guitarist of Lithuania
 Euzebiusz Słowacki (1772–1814), Polish theorist and literary historian, father of Juliusz Słowacki
 Franciszek Smuglewicz () (1745–1807), Polish-Lithuanian painter, professor at Vilnius University
 Balys Sruoga (1896–1947), Lithuanian writer and concentration camp survivor
 Povilas Snarskis (1889–1969), Lithuanian botanist, florist, professor of Vilnius University, author of books on Lithuanian flora
 Jędrzej Śniadecki (1768–1838), Polish physician, chemist, biologist, writer
 Wiktor Staniewicz (1866–1932), Polish mathematician, professor and rector of the Stefan Batory University in the years 1921–22
 Albin Stepovič (1894–1934), Belarusian writer, composer, musicologist, cultural figure
 Kanstancin Stepovič (Kazimir Svajak) (1890–1926), Belarusian priest, poet, musician, cultural activist
 Konstantinas Stašys (1843–1919), Lithuanian priest, cultural activist
 Władysław Syrokomla () (1823–1862), Polish-Lithuanian writer
 Władysław Szachno (1838/40–1889), pianist, composer
 Marcelinas Šikšnys (1874–1970), Lithuanian mathematician, poet, writer, translator, playwright, participant in the banned press, author of the first legal Lithuanian theater performance "Pilėnų kunigaikštis" ("The Duke of Pilėnai") in the Town Hall of Vilnius (1906)
 Jurgis Šlapelis (1876–1941), Lithuanian linguist, translator, founder of the first Lithuanian bookstore in Vilnius, cultural and political figure
 Marija Šlapelienė (1880–1977), cultural figure, actor, active member of Lithuanian "Vilniaus aušra" society, cultural Rūta Society, founder of the first bookstore ("Marijos ir Jurgio Šlapelių lietuvių knygynas"), dedicated to Lithuanian language and literature in Vilnius (1906–1949)
 Juozas Tallat-Kelpša (1889–1949), Lithuanian composer
 Arūnas Tarabilda (1934–1969), Lithuanian graphic artist
 Juozas Tysliava (1902–1961), Lithuanian poet, translator, journalist, publisher
 Valerija Vaivadaitė-Tysliavienė (1914–1984), Lithuanian American cultural figure
 Count Eustachy Tyszkiewicz (1814–1873), Polish-Lithuanian historian, archaeologist
 Kazimieras Umbražiūnas (1909–1996), Lithuanian journalist, publicist, who wrote mostly about the region of Vilnius
 Raimondas Vabalas (1937–2001), Lithuanian film director
 Jonas Vabalas–Gudaitis (1881–1955), Lithuanian psychologist, professor at Vytautas Magnus University and Vilnius University,  initiator of experimental psychology in Lithuania
 Petras Vaičiūnas (1890–1959), Lithuanian poet, translator, playwright
 Stasė Paulauskaitė-Vaineikienė (1884–1946), Lithuanian book smuggler and distributor, secret teacher (daractor), during Lithuanian press ban, writer, poet, cultural figure
 Jonas Vengris (1877–1935), Lithuanian mountain engineer, Lithuanian cultural activist, sponsor of Lithuanian charity organizations, school and policlinic in Vilnius
 Antanas Vileišis (1856–1919), Lithuanian physician, humanist and sponsor of cultural and charity organizations, Lithuanian schools, newspapers, Lithuanian political activist
 Jonas Vileišis (1872–1942), Lithuanian politician, mayor of Kaunas, signer of the Act of Independence of Lithuania
 Petras Vileišis (1851–1926), engineer, humanist and sponsor of cultural and charity organizations, Lithuanian schools, Vilniaus Žinios and other newspapers, Lithuanian art exhibitions in his Vileišis palace
 Antanas Viskantas (1877–1940), Lithuanian priest, writer, cultural figure, founder of Lithuanian cultural organization "Švento Kazimiero draugija" and "Vilniaus lietuvių meno ir literatūros draugija" ("Lithuanian art and literature organization of Vilnius")
 Povilas Višinskis (1875–1906), book smuggler, writer
 Jan Kazimierz Wilczyński (1806–1885), Polish-Lithuanian physician, collector and publisher
 Antoni Wiwulski (1877–1919), Polish-Lithuanian architect and sculptor
 Stanisław Karol Władyczko (1878–1936), Polish neurologist and psychiatrist, professor at the Institute Psychoneurological in St. Petersburg and the Stefan Batory University
 Tadeusz Wróblewski, (1858–1925) Polish lawyer, bibliophile
 Bronisław Wróblewski (1888–1941), Polish lawyer
 Bronisław Żongołłowicz (1879–1944), Polish Catholic priest, professor at the University of Stefan Batory, member of the Sejm
 Zigmas Žemaitis (1884–1969), Lithuanian mathematician, board member (1909–15) of Lithuanian Scientific Society, chairman of Higher Courses of Study (Aukštieji kursai) in Kaunas (University of Lithuania from 1922), aviation enthusiast, prominent cultural figure

There is also a mass grave of Poles kidnapped in 1919 from Vilnius by the Bolsheviks and shot at Daugavpils.
In the middle of the cemetery, on the so-called Hill of Angels (Angelų kalnelis) there is also cenotaph of an angel, dedicated to unborn babies.

See also
 Antakalnis Cemetery
 Bernardine Cemetery
 List of cemeteries in Lithuania

References

In-line

General

External links

 Tombstones catalogue
 Tourist brochure about the cemetery
 Series of photos of the cemetery

Cemeteries in Vilnius
Roman Catholic cemeteries in Lithuania

Cemeteries established in the 18th century
1769 establishments in the Russian Empire

Rasos Cemetery


Vaterpolo klub "Kolpomorto" (VK Kolpomorto; AVK Kolpomorto; Kolpomorto; Kolpomorto Zadar) je muški vaterpolski klub iz Zadra, Zadarska županija.

O klubu
Klub je osnovan 2014. godine kao Amaterski vaterpolo klub "Kolpomorto". Većina članova kluba se bavila i drugim sportovima. Klub trenutno ne nastupa u ligama koje organizira Hrvatski vaterpolski savez, ali je nastupao u Alpe-Adria ligi, te od sezone 2016./17. u Vaterpolskoj amaterskoj ligi, u kojoj su u sezoni 2017./18. osvojili drugo mjesto.

Uspjesi
 Vaterpolska amaterska liga
 doprvak: 2017./18.

Pregled plasmana

Poznati igrači

Poznati treneri

Unutrašnje poveznice

Vanjske poveznice
 avkkolpomorto.wixsite.com/zadar - službene stranice
VK Kolpomorto, facebook stranica

Izvori

 avkkolpomorto.wixsite.com, Osnutak kluba, pristupljeno 5. studenog 2018.
 antenazadar.hr, '''', objavljeno 24. veljače 2014., pristupljeno 5. studenog 2018.
 bisnode.hr, VATERPOLO KLUB "KOLPOMORTO"
 fininfo.hr, VK "KOLPOMORTO"

Kolpomorto
Kolpomorto

VK Kolpomorto Zadar


Until 1 December 2005, Perm Oblast () was a federal subject of Russia (an oblast) in Privolzhsky (Volga) Federal District. According to the results of the referendum held in October 2004, Perm Oblast was merged with Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug to form Perm Krai.

It was established in 1938 as part of the RSFSR. From 1940 to 1957 it was named Molotov Oblast in honor of Vyacheslav Molotov. The oblast was named after its administrative center, the city of Perm. The oblast covered an area of 160,600 km², and as of the 2002 Census its population was 2,819,421. Before the merger, neighboring oblasts and republics were (from north clockwise) Komi Republic, Sverdlovsk Oblast, Republic of Bashkortostan, Udmurt Republic, and Kirov Oblast.

Geography

Time zone
Perm Oblast was located in the Yekaterinburg Time Zone (YEKT/YEKST).  UTC offset is +0500 (YEKT)/+0600 (YEKST).

Administrative divisions

External links

 Perm regional server

Former federal subjects of Russia
Perm Krai
 States and territories established in 1938

Perm Oblast


NGC 102 este o galaxie lenticulară situată în constelația Cetus (Balena). A fost descoperită în 25 septembrie 1886 de către astronomul Francis Leavenworth.

Note

Vezi și
 New General Catalogue
 NGC 74

Legături externe
 NGC 102 pe WikiSky
 NGC 102 pe spider.seds.org

Galaxii lenticulare
Obiecte NGC
Constelația Balena
Obiecte astronomice descoperite de Francis Leavenworth
Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1886

NGC 102


Peter 2. af Oldenborg (tysk: Nikolaus Friedrich Peter von Holstein-Gottorp, Großherzog von Oldenburg) (født 8. juli 1827 i Oldenburg, Storhertugdømmet Oldenborg, død 13. juni 1900 i Rastede, Landkreis Ammerland) var fra 1853 til 1900 regerende storhertug i Oldenborg.

Forældre
Peter 2. af Oldenborg var søn af storhertug August 1. af Oldenborg (1783–1853) og prinsesse Ida af Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym (1804–1828). Peter 2. havde to ældre halvsøstre og tre yngre halvbrødre.

Familie
Peter 2. af Oldenborg var gift med Elisabeth af Sachsen-Altenburg (1826–1896). De blev forældre til:
 Frederik August 2. af Oldenborg (1852–1931), Oldenborgs sidste regerende storhertug i 1900–1918
 Georg Ludvig af Oldenborg (1855–1939)

Referencer

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger
 Online-Gotha
 Genealogie des Hauses Oldenburg

Huset Holsten-Gottorp-Oldenborg
Storhertuger af Oldenburg
Tyskere i 1800-tallet

Peter 2. af Oldenborg


Akyaka, Kars ilinin bir ilçesidir.

Tarihçe

Bilinen ilk ismi Şöregel (Azerice: Şörəyel; Rusça: Шурегель) olan daha sonra Kızılçakçak (Rusça: Кызылчакчак) adını alan Akyaka 1534 yılında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu topraklarına katıldı. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu ile Çarlık Rusyası arasında 1877-1878 yılları arasında yaşanan ve 93 Harbi olarak bilinen savaşın ardından Akyaka kırk yıl kadar Rusya'nın kontrolünde kaldı. 1918'de Bolşevik İhtilali nin ardından yapılan Brest-Litovsk Antlaşması ile Osmanlılar'a bırakıldı. Kısa bir süre sonra, önce Ermeni egemenliğine giren yöreyi daha sonra İngilizler ele geçirdi. Bölgeyi daha sonra Ermeniler'e ve Gürcüler'e bırakan İngilizler buradan çekildi.
25 Nisan 1918'de Akyaka, kırk yıldan sonra tekrar Osmanlı topraklarına dahil edildi. Nisan-Mayıs 1918'de Ermeniler tekrar şehre girmiş, Osmanlı ordusu buradan çekilmeye mecbur kalmıştı. Buna engel olmak isteyen bölge halkı kendi imkânları dahilinde, 5 Kasım 1918'de Milli İslam Şurası adıyla demokratik bir yerli hükûmet kurdu. Akyaka'nın da dahil olduğu bu hükûmet 18 Ocak 1919'da Güneybatı Kafkasya Cumhuriyeti adını aldı.
Akyaka, Türk Kurtuluş Savaşı'yla 30 Ekim 1920'de Türk kuvvetleri tarafından alındı.

Coğrafya
Akyaka'nın doğusunda Ermenistan, batısında ve güneyinde Kars il merkezi ve kuzeyinde Arpaçay vardır. Ermenistan ile 52 kilometre sınır boyuna sahiptir. Türkiye-Ermenistan arasında bulunan ve 1993 yılında kapatılan Akyaka Sınır Kapısı sınır kapısı bu ilçede bulunmaktadır. Akyaka içinden geçerek Ermenistan'a giden demiryolu sınır kapısı kapatılana kadar kullanılmış iki ülke arasında yolcu ve ve yük nakli yapmıştır.
İlçenin yüksekliği 1477 metre olmasına rağmen geniş düzlükler ve boz kırlara sahiptir. Ancak iklimin çok sert olmasından dolayı arazilerden verim elde edilememektedir.
Kaynağını Sarıkamış ilçesinden alan Kars Çayı ile kaynağını ilçe sınırları içerisinde bulunan Terelik mevkiinden alan Karahan Çayı ilçeden geçerek Akyaka'nın doğusunda bulunan Arpaçay Barajına dökülmektedir. Ayrıca Kars Çayı Türkiye'nin Ermenistan ile olan sınır boyunuda belirlemektedir.

İklim
İklimi karasal karakter göstermesiyle birlikte kışları çok sert ve soğuk, yazları ise ılık ve yağışlı geçer. Yazın ortalama sıcaklık 19.5 °C, kışın ortalama -4.5 °C dir.
Kar yağışında ortalama kar kalınlığı ilçe merkezinde 40 cm olmakta, yağmur ise m² ye 30–40 kg arası düşmektedir.

Nüfus
2020 yılı Adrese Dayalı Nüfus Sistemi sonuçlarına göre Akyaka'da toplam 10.454 kişi yaşamaktadır. Nüfusun 2.025'i ilçe merkezinde, 8.429'u ise köylerde bulunmaktadır.
Akyaka'nın nüfus bakımından en büyük köyleri ilçenin doğusunda bulunan Demirkent köyü ile ilçenin kuzey doğusunda bulunan Esenyayla köyleridir.
Akyaka'da, Karapapaklar, Azeriler yoğun olarak yaşamaktadır. Ancak batı kentlerine yoğun bir biçimde göç vermiştir.

Köy nüfusları ve etnik yapısı

Akyaka nüfusunun tamamına yakın bir kısmını Azerbaycan ve Kafkasya göçmenleri oluşturmakta, Azerice ile konuşulmaktadır. Ayrıca İstanbul ve İzmir'de ilçeden göç eden birçok kişi olmasından dolayı Akyaka ve köylerinin isimleriyle açılmış Cami ve dernekler bulunmaktadır. Bu derneklerde Akyaka kültür ve mirası yaşatılmaya çalışılmaktadır.

İdari yapı
1922 ve 1926 yılları arasında ilçe teşkilatı olan Akyaka 1926 yılında Arpaçay ilçesine bağlı bir bucak haline dönüştürülmüştür. 1961 yılında Türkiye genelinde yapılan isim değişikliği sırasında Kızılçakçak ismini değiştirerek bugünkü ismi olan Akyaka adını almıştır.

İlçe 27 köy ve merkezinde bulunan 3 mahalleden oluşmaktadır. 4 Haziran 1972 yılına kadar muhtarlıkla idare edilen Akyaka Bucağı yapılan ara seçimler ile belediye teşkilatı olmuştur. 1987 yılında yürütülen 103 yeni ilçe kurulması ile ilgili kanun kapsamına alınarak 1988 yılında Akyaka ilçesi olarak ilan edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

Akyaka


مجموعة البلومزبري مجموعة من الفنانين والكتاب البريطانيين الذين كانوا يقطنون بالقرب من لندن. في بداية القرن العشرين كانوا يجنمعون في منطقة وسط لندن تدعى البلومزبري في منزل تشارلستون وأطلق عليهم لاحقًا مجموعة البلومزبري. كان لهذه المجموعة أثر بالغ في في الأدب والاقتصاد والنقد.

المصادر

مجموعة بلومزبري
أدب المثلية في المملكة المتحدة
الثقافة في لندن
بلومزبري
تاريخ المملكة المتحدة الثقافي
ثقافة إنجليزية
فن إنجليزي
فيرجينيا وولف
كتاب وكاتبات بريطانيون

مجموعة بلومزبري


José Joaquim dos Reis Leite Pereira (m. Abril de 2022) foi um professor e economista português.

Biografia
Concluiu uma licenciatura em Economia pelo Instituto Superior de Ciências Económicas e Financeiras.

Ocupou vários cargos importantes no contexto da economia do Algarve, como técnico-coordenador da Direção Regional de Faro do Instituto de Financiamento e Apoio ao Desenvolvimento da Agricultura e Pescas, director regional do Instituto Nacional de Estatística, e director regional de Economia. Em Agosto de 2009, foi um dos oradores numa conferência sobre os temas da construção e do imobiliário, organizada pela Associação dos Profissionais e Empresas de Mediação Imobiliária de Portugal durante a FATACIL, em Lagoa, e em Julho de 2010 participou na sessão de abertura do seminário Como financiar a minha empresa?, promovido pela Câmara Municipal de Loulé. Fez parte de um grupo de seis economistas que elaboraram o tratado Linhas Orientadoras para um Modelo Económico Regional do Algarve, documento apresentado em Maio de 2015 em Faro pela Delegação Regional do Algarve da Ordem dos Economistas, e onde foram apresentadas várias propostas para o desenvolvimento do turismo e da agricultura, entre outras áreas. Em Outubro desse ano, participou na conferência A Europa e o Mar, organizada pela Universidade do Algarve, o Gabinete de Informação do Parlamento Europeu em Portugal e a Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Algarve. Em Dezembro de 2018, fez parte do júri para a primeira edição do Prémio Carreira da Ordem dos Economistas - Delegação Regional do Algarve.

Em Setembro de 2011, o governo iniciou o processo para a extinção de várias direcções regionais, incluindo a da economia do Algarve, tendo nessa altura José Leite Pereira comentado ao Postal do Algarve que a maior parte das funções das antigas direcções seriam assumidas pela Comissão de Coordenação e Desenvolvimento Regional do Algarve, uma vez que «a extinção pura e simples é muito radical sem que se registe transferência de competências».

Integrou-se na Universidade do Algarve em 1983, como assistente convidado, e em 1990 ascendeu a professor auxiliar convidado da Faculdade de Economia, tendo continuado a ensinar no curso de Economia mesmo após a sua passagem à reforma.

Faleceu em Abril de 2022, aos 73 anos de idade. Na sequência da sua morte, a Universidade do Algarve decretou três dias de luto académico, e emitiu uma nota de pesar, onde realçou a sua carreira naquela instituição. Também a Ordem dos Economistas publicou uma nota de pesar, que destacou a sua carreira profissional e docente no Algarve.

Economistas de Portugal
Professores de Portugal

José Leite Pereira


ZTR peut faire référence à :
 , une entreprise spécialisée dans la conception et la fabrication de transformateurs en Ukraine ;
 ZTR Zaporijjia, un club de handball basé à Zaporijjia en Ukraine ;
 au code IATA pour désigner l'aéroport de Jytomyr en Ukraine.

ZTR


إستفان ناغي (بالمجرية:Nagy István)، من مواليد 14 ابريل 1939 ، لاعب كرة قدم هنغاري سابق.

لعب مع منتخب هنغاريا لكرة القدم.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مجريون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
لاعبو كأس أمم أوروبا 1964
لاعبو كأس العالم 1962
لاعبو كأس العالم 1966
لاعبو كرة قدم في الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 1964
لاعبو كرة قدم مجريون
لاعبو منتخب المجر لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي بودابست
مجريون فازوا بالميدالية الذهبية الأولمبية
مدربو كرة قدم مجريون
مواليد 1939
مواليد في بودابست
وفيات 1999

إستفان ناغي


Rosenrot, Rammstein adlı Alman metal grubunun çıkardığı beşinci albümdür.

Albüm Bilgisi

 Çıkma Tarihi: 28 Ekim 2005
 Kayıt: 2004-2005, Berlin
 Türü: Endüstriyel Metal
 Uzunluğu: 48:20
 Firma: Motor
 Prodüktör: Jacob Hellner

Albüm Şarkı Listesi

 Benzin   (3:46) (Benzin)
 Mann gegen Mann   (3:50) - (Adam Adama Karşı)
 Rosenrot   (3:54) - (Gül Kırmızısı)
 Spring   (5:24) - (Atla)
 Wo Bist Du   (3:55) - (Neredesin)
 Stirb nicht vor mir // Don't die before I do  (4:05) - (Benden Önce Ölme)
 Zerstören   (5:28) - (Yok Et)
 Hilf Mir   (4:43) - (Bana yardım et)
 Te Quiero Puta!   (3:55) - (Seni Seviyorum Sürtük!)
 Feuer und Wasser   (5:17) - (Ateş ve su)
 Ein Lied   (3:43) - (Bir Şarkı)

Dış bağlantılar
 Şarkıların sözleri ve Jeremy Williams tarafından İngilizce'ye  yapılmış tercümeleri
 Grubun resmi sitesi (İngilizce)
 Grubun resmi sitesi (Almanca)

Rammstein albümleri
Rock albümleri
2005 albümleri
Almanca albümler

Rosenrot


Lagaan (), released internationally as Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India, is a 2001 Indian Hindi-language epic musical sports film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, and produced by and starring Aamir Khan, along with debutant Gracy Singh and British actors Rachel Shelley and Paul Blackthorne in supporting roles. Made on a then-unprecedented budget of  (), the movie was the maiden project from Aamir Khan Productions and was shot in villages near Bhuj.

References

Further reading
 Bhatkal, Satyajit (March 2002). The spirit of Lagaan. Mumbai: Popular Prakshan. pp. 243. .

External links

 Lagaan at Bollywood Hungama

2000s Hindi-language films
2000s musical drama films
2001 films
Bhojpuri-language films
English-language Indian films
Films about cricket in India
Films directed by Ashutosh Gowariker
Films scored by A. R. Rahman
Films set in 1893
Films set in the British Raj
Films set in Gujarat
Films shot in Gujarat
History of India on film
ඉන්දියානු චිත්‍රපට
Indian historical musical films
Indian musical drama films
Indian sports drama films
Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment National Film Award winners
Films whose production designer won the Best Production Design National Film Award
Films that won the Best Audiography National Film Award
Films that won the Best Costume Design National Film Award
Films featuring a Best Choreography National Film Award-winning choreography
2000s sports drama films
2001 drama films

ලගාන්


O Governo da República da China, geralmente conhecido como Governo de Taiwan,  é o governo nacional da República da China (Taiwan), um estado unitário no leste da Ásia composto por Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu e outros grupos de ilhas na "área livre". O presidente é o chefe de estado. O governo é composto pela presidência e cinco ramos (Yuans): o Yuan Executivo, Yuan Legislativo, o Yuan Judicial, o Yuan de Exame e o Yuan de Controle.

Originalmente estabelecido em 1912 em Nanking, o Governo da República da China mudou-se várias vezes antes de finalmente se mudar para Taipei, Taiwan, em 1949, por causa de suas perdas militares na Guerra Civil Chinesa. O governo tem sido historicamente dominado pelo Kuomintang, mas a situação mudou à medida que Taiwan evoluiu para uma democracia multipartidária.

Estrutura organizacional
O governo consiste formalmente na presidência e cinco ramos do governo, modelados na filosofia política de Sun Yat-sen dos Três Princípios do Povo.

Na prática, o sistema se assemelha a um sistema semipresidencialista com uma presidência excepcionalmente forte, pois o presidente pode nomear o primeiro-ministro, o chefe do governo, sem o consentimento da legislatura. O presidente, no entanto, compartilha limitações encontradas em outros sistemas semipresidenciais, incluindo a falta de um forte veto e nenhum controle direto da maioria das políticas administrativas.

Presidência

A liderança do país é composta por dois altos funcionários eleitos direta e conjuntamente pelos cidadãos da República da China que residem na área de Taiwan:

 O Presidente da República da China
 O Vice-presidente da República da China

Yuan Executivo

O Yuan Executivo é liderado pelo primeiro-ministro. No entanto, o sistema político de Taiwan não se encaixa nos modelos tradicionais. O primeiro-ministro é selecionado pelo presidente sem a necessidade de aprovação do Legislativo, mas o Legislativo pode aprovar leis sem levar em conta o presidente, pois nem o presidente nem o primeiro-ministro têm poder de veto. Assim, há pouco incentivo para o presidente e o Legislativo negociarem legislação se forem de partidos opostos. Durante o mandato de Chen Shui-bian, do pan-verde, o controle contínuo do Yuan Legislativo pela maioria pan-azul fez com que a legislação parasse repetidamente, pois os dois lados estavam em um impasse. Há outra curiosidade do sistema de taiwan; como Taiwan era anteriormente dominado pela política de partido único, o poder real no sistema mudou de uma posição para outra, dependendo de qual posição estava atualmente ocupada pelo líder do estado (Chiang Kai-shek e mais tarde seu filho, Chiang Ching-kuo). Esse legado resultou em poderes executivos atualmente concentrados no escritório do presidente em vez do primeiro-ministro.

Yuan Legislativo

O principal órgão legislativo é o Yuan Legislativo unicameral com cento e treze assentos. Setenta e três são eleitos em distritos uninominais; trinta e quatro são eleitos com base na proporção de votos nacionais recebidos pelos partidos políticos participantes, e seis cadeiras são reservadas para representar grupos indígenas. Os membros cumprem mandatos de quatro anos. Embora às vezes referido como um "parlamento", o Yuan Legislativo, sob a teoria política de Sun, é um ramo do governo, enquanto apenas a Assembleia Nacional da República da China, que agora está abolida, com o poder de alterar a constituição e anteriormente para eleger o presidente e o vice-presidente, poderia ser considerado um parlamento. No entanto, após as emendas constitucionais efetivamente transferirem quase todos os poderes da Assembleia Nacional para o Yuan Legislativo no final da década de 1990, tornou-se mais comum que os jornais em Taiwan se referissem ao Yuan Legislativo como o "parlamento" da nação (國會, guóhuì).

Yuan Judiciário

O Yuan Judiciário é o mais alto judiciário de Taiwan. O Presidente e o Vice-Presidente do Yuan Judiciário e quinze juízes formam o Conselho de Grandes Juízes. São nomeados pelo Presidente da República, com o consentimento do Yuan Legislativo. O mais alto tribunal, o Supremo Tribunal, consiste em várias divisões civis e criminais, cada uma das quais é formada por um juiz presidente e quatro juízes adjuntos, todos nomeados vitalícios. Em 1993, um tribunal constitucional separado foi estabelecido para resolver disputas constitucionais, regular as atividades dos partidos políticos e acelerar o processo de democratização. Não há julgamento por júri, mas o direito a um julgamento justo e público é protegido por lei e respeitado na prática; muitos casos são presididos por vários juízes.

Yuan de Exame

O Yuan de Exame é responsável por validar a qualificação dos funcionários públicos na República da China. Como um ramo especial do governo sob os Três Princípios do Povo. O conceito do Yuan de Exame é baseado no antigo sistema de exame Imperial usado na China Imperial.

Yuan de Controle

Baseado no tradicional censor chinês, o Yuan de Controle é uma agência de investigação que monitora os demais ramos do governo. Pode ser comparado ao Tribunal de Contas da União Europeia, ao Government Accountability Office dos Estados Unidos, a um ombudsman político ou a uma comissão permanente de inquérito administrativo. Antes da década de 1990, era a câmara alta do parlamento tricameral.

História
O Governo da República da China foi formalmente estabelecido em 1912 em Nanking, com Sun Yat-sen como Presidente do Governo Provisório da República da China sob a Constituição Provisória da República da China. Este governo mudou-se para Pequim no mesmo ano com Yuan Shikai como presidente, e continuou sob seus sucessores como o governo internacionalmente reconhecido da China até 1928. No período republicano, houve uma série de governos, às vezes em rivalidade entre si. O governo nacionalista, liderado pelo Kuomintang (KMT), foi originalmente formado como um governo militar rival sob Sun Yat-sen em Guangzhou em 1917. Após a morte de Sun em 1925, Chiang Kai-shek liderou a Expedição do Norte (1926-1928) para unificar o país e estabeleceu a capital em Nanjing. Este governo ganhou reconhecimento diplomático mas não controlou todo o território da dinastia Qing. O governo essencialmente de partido único funcionou sob os Três Princípios do Povo de Sun, que previa um período de transição de "tutela", mas atraiu mais partidos políticos, incluindo o Partido Comunista Chinês, para uma Frente Unida durante a Segunda Guerra Sino-Japonesa (1937). -1945). A Constituição da Tutela de 1931 foi substituída pela Constituição da República da China em 1947.

1912-1928

O primeiro governo nacional chinês foi estabelecido em 1º de janeiro de 1912, em Nanjing, com Sun Yat-sen como presidente provisório. Delegados provinciais foram enviados para confirmar a autoridade do governo nacional e, mais tarde, também formaram o primeiro parlamento. O poder desse governo nacional foi limitado e de curta duração, com generais controlando as províncias do centro e do norte da China. Os atos limitados aprovados por este governo incluíram a abdicação formal da dinastia Qing e algumas iniciativas econômicas. A autoridade do parlamento tornou-se nominal; as violações da Constituição por Yuan Shikai, que se tornou presidente em março de 1912, foram recebidas com moções de censura sem entusiasmo, e os membros do parlamento do Kuomintang que desistiram de ser membros do KMT receberam 1.000 libras esterlinas. Yuan manteve o poder localmente enviando generais militares para serem governadores provinciais ou obtendo a lealdade daqueles que já estavam no poder.

1928–1949

Após a bem-sucedida Expedição do Norte liderada pelo Kuomintang (KMT) e seu líder Chiang Kai-shek, o KMT conseguiu unificar nominalmente a China e estabeleceu o Governo Nacional da República da China (também conhecido como Governo Nacionalista) com capital em Nanjing, cuja autoridade foi mantida até a eclosão em grande escala da Segunda Guerra Sino-Japonesa em 1937.

Desde 1949
Com base na Constituição da República da China, o chefe de Estado é o presidente, que é eleito por voto popular para um mandato de quatro anos na mesma chapa do vice-presidente. O presidente tem autoridade sobre os cinco ramos administrativos (Yuan): o Controle, o Exame, o Executivo, o Judiciário e o Legislativo. O presidente nomeia os membros do Yuan Executivo como o gabinete, incluindo um primeiro-ministro, que é oficialmente o presidente do Yuan Executivo; os membros são responsáveis pela política e administração.

Referências

Ligações externas

Governo de Taiwan

Governo de Taiwan


En lefse eller en kling er forskellige typer fladt, blødt bagværk lavet af kartofler, hvedemel eller begge dele og formet som tynde kager eller flatbrød. Lefser indgår i den traditionelle madkultur i Norge og andre steder i Skandinavien. Opskrifter og navn varierer fra område til område. Lefser bliver ofte spist i ruller eller i lag med for eksempel syltetøj, ost eller sukker og kanel imellem.

Fladbrød
Mad fra Norge

Lefse


Salmastra, biri hareketli, diğeri sabit bulunan iki makine parçası arasında sızdırmazlık sağlayan parçalara denir. Genelde pompa, musluk, mil yatağı gibi yerlerde kullanılır.

Başka bir tarifle, eğer bir makine parçasının içinden kuvvet geçmesini istiyorsanız, fakat akışkan geçmesini istemiyorsanız, araya salmastra koymalısınız. Zira salmastranın alternatifi son derece pahalı yöntemlerle işlenmiş ve yine de uzun süre sızdırmazlık garantisi bulunmayan, hassas yüzey işleme yöntemleridir. Bu yöntemlere mahkûm olmak yerine salmastra konulur ve sızdırmazlık ucuz ve güvenli bir şeklilde sağlanmış olur.

Hareketli parçalar arasında sızdırmazlığın sağlanması, hız, basınç, sıcaklık, ortam akışkanının kimyasal özellikleri gibi faktörlere bağlıdır. Ayrıca, salmastra kutusu dizaynı, mil ve yuvanın yüzey temizliği, salmastra yerleştirme şekli ve mil salgısı da salmastranın sızdırmazlık özelliğini etkiler.

İdeal bir salmastra:
 Basınç, hız, sıcaklık, akışkan gibi kullanılacağı ortam şartlarına uygun olmalıdır.
 Değişik şartlarda kullanılabilmeli, böylece stok çeşitleri en aza indirilebilmelidir.
 İlk alıştırma periyodunda mil ve salmastra yuvasına kolay ve kısa sürede adapte olabilmelidir.
 Mil salgısını hareket halindeyken absorbe edecek kadar elastik olmalıdır.
 Fazla sürtünme ve ısı oluşturmamalıdır.
 Mili aşındırmamalı, korozif etkisi olmamalıdır.
 Sık sık bakım ve ayarlama gerektirmemelidir.
 İstenilen çapta bükülebilecek kadar esnek olmalı, büküldüğünde kesitinde deformasyon olmamalıdır.
 Uzun ömürlü ve ekonomik olmalıdır.

Salmastra Çeşitleri
Kovan Tipi Salmastra:
Salmastra kovanı vana mili boyunca olabilecek sızdırmazlığı önlemek amacıyla dizayn edilir. Yaygın salmastralar birçok malzemeden yapılır. Salmastralarda en çok kullanılanı uygun bir yağlayıcı ile yağlanmış örgü şeklindeki asbest salmastralardır. Dolgu mili fazla sıkıştırıp, çalıştırmasını zorlamadan sızdırmazlığı sağlanmalıdır. Salmastra sıkılmayacak kadar incelince değiştirilmelidir.

Çift Cıvata ile Sıkılan Salmastra:
Bu tip sızdırmazlığı sağlayan dolgu malzemesi karşılıklı iki yönden eşit baskı uygulanarak sıkılır. Şayet salmastradan kaçak olursa daha fazla sıkılır. Sıkıştırma anında mil hareketinin kısaltılmasına dikkat edilmelidir. Salmastra aşınıp kullanılmaz hale gelince değiştirilir.

Fanus Tipi Salmastra:
Vana sıcak serviste kullanılıyorsa dolgu arasına içinden soğutma akışkanı geçen bir fanus yerleştirebiliriz. Bazı yüksek basınçlı servislerde de salmastranın ilk bölümünden geçebilecek olan akışkanı tutmak için bu yöntem uygulanabilir. Fanus tipi salmastra düzeneği akışkanın partiküllü olduğu durumlarda verimli olarak kullanılabilir. Çünkü fanus sayesinde sızdırmazlık azalır ve vana mili aşınması ve kirlenmesi önlenir.

Enjeksiyon Tipli Salmastralar:
Bu salmastra tipinde vana normal operasyon şartlarına geldiğinde enjeksiyon sıvısı verilmez. Salmastra düzeneği içinde bilyeli bir çek vana mevcuttur. Buna rağmen daha güvenli bir operasyon için çek vana ve enjeksiyon noktası arasına bir vana konulması uygun olacaktır. Sızdırmazlık sıvısının enjeksiyonu için ayarlama vidası çekilir, sıvı hatta verilir ve küçük vana açılır. Kacak kesilinceye kadar ayar vidası sıkılır. Bundan sonra vana sıkılır. Eksilen sıvı yerine ikmal yapılır.

Kaynakça

Sızdırmazlık elemanları

Salmastra


غابة هي مساحات من الأرض غنية بالحياة النباتية وخصوصا بالأشجار الكثيفة.
 غابة النصر في العاصمة الليبية طرابلس هي أكبر غابة في المدينة.
 غابة المعمورة المغربية، أكبر غابات الفلين في العالم.
 لغابات المطيرة هي الغابات التي تتميز بكثرة الأمطار فيها.
 غابه (المتن) إحدى القرى اللبنانية من قرى قضاء المتن في محافظة جبل لبنان.
صفحات توضيح أسماء أماكن

غابة (توضيح)


Manuel Lao Hernández (Doña María, Almería, 10 de junio de 1944) es un empresario español dedicado a las inversiones en diferentes sectores como el financiero, inmobiliario, hotelero, agropecuario, de ocio y entretenimiento.

Fundador y presidente de numerosas empresas, entre las que destaca Cirsa, que fue adquirida por el fondo de inversión Blackstone Group en 2018, a excepción del negocio de Leisure en Argentina. Actualmente es presidente de Nortia Capital Investment Holding (NCIH), fundada en 2007 como cabecera del grupo de empresas que preside e integra inversiones en los diferentes ámbitos que abarca. En 2005 crea la Fundación Manuel Lao, con el fin agrupar y dar sentido a las distintas donaciones que se llevaban a cabo. En 2017, es investido Doctor Honoris Causa por la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM) y en 2019, se le otorga el título de "Catedrático de Universidad Extraordinario y Director de la Cátedra Internacional de Emprendimiento y Empleo de la UCAM".

Biografía
Manuel Lao Hernández, hijo de Candido y Elena, nació en la localidad de Doña María, actualmente integrada en el municipio de Las Tres Villas. Está casado desde 1969 con Rosa Gorina y tiene tres hijos: Manuel, Esther e Ingrid Lao Gorina.

En 1978 crea CIRSA y la convierte en una gran corporación. En el año 2005 instituye la Fundación Manuel Lao para, según sus palabras, devolver a la sociedad una parte de lo que ha recibido de ella. En 2007 constituye NORTIA Corporation, conglomerado empresarial con actividad en diversos sectores.

Lao ha recibido diversos premios en reconocimiento a su labor empresarial y social. Ha sido miembro de las juntas directivas de patronales españolas, como la CEOE (Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales), o la catalana Fomento del Trabajo Nacional.

Trayectoria empresarial
Con doce años, en 1956, se trasladó de Doña María, localidad de la que recibió años más tarde el título de Hijo Predilecto, a la ciudad barcelonesa de Tarrasa, donde cursó estudios hasta titularse en Maestría Industrial, y, con catorce años, empezó a trabajar en AEG.

Su vida como emprendedor empezó a los dieciocho años en el sector de la hostelería y continuó algunos años después al introducirse en el sector de la construcción con CELASA (1974), empresa inmobiliaria y constructora que desarrolló diversos proyectos en Cataluña.

La carrera ascendente se inicia en 1978 cuando funda la Compañía Internacional de Recreativos, S.A. (CIRSA), compañía dedicada al diseño electrónico, fabricación, venta y explotación de máquinas tragaperras y de entretenimiento.

La empresa adquiere una importante dimensión y en 1983 transforma Cirsa en un holding en el que se abarcan numerosas áreas de negocio, como son los sectores de la electrónica, la tecnología, la agricultura y ganadería, la construcción, así como centros de ocio y entretenimiento, principalmente basados en máquinas de apuestas más conocidas como tragaperras, en este sector, es donde hizo más fortuna

En el año 1988 crea International Holding Service (IHS), con el objetivo de canalizar todo el negocio internacional de ocio y entretenimiento, así como las actividades que desarrolla en los restantes sectores. IHS, el 26 de junio de 1996, pasa a denominarse Leisure & Gaming (L&G).

Con motivo de la designación de Terrassa como sede de Hockey hierba en los JJ.OO. de 1992, en 1989 impulsa la construcción del Hotel Don Cándido; el primer hotel de cuatro estrellas y ciento treinta habitaciones en la ciudad egarense. El hotel lleva el nombre de su padre, fallecido en 1984. Su actividad hotelera se amplía, posteriormente, con la gestión del Hotel Terrassa Park.

En julio de 1998, Manuel Lao Hernández adquiere la totalidad de acciones del Grupo CIRSA. Efectúa una reorganización de los negocios, incluido L&G. De esta forma, la totalidad de las actividades 100% del área de ocio , entretenimiento en casinos y máquinas de apuestas, quedan en CIRSA Business Corporation y el resto de las actividades en otros sectores anteriormente mencionados, en la Corporación L&G.

En abril de 2005 constituye la Fundación Manuel Lao para fines sociales y sin ánimo de lucro, cuya misión es ayudar económicamente a aquellas organizaciones, asociaciones o fundaciones que precisen. Esta fundación tiene el rechazo de quienes conocen el origen de su fortuna, por lo que se cree que se trata de una fundación para mejorar la opinión pública sobre su empresa basada en el juego. Esto se debe a la presunta fomentación y enriquecimiento sobre personas enfermas de ludopatía, y la repercusión que tiene en las familias y la sociedad. A pesar de ello, Manuel Lao cuenta con el apoyo y la admiración por los puestos de trabajo generados y por haber llegado tan lejos.

En septiembre de 2007 constituye Nortia Corporation que más tarde, en 2018, pasa a denominarse Nortia Capital Investment Holding (NCIH), la corporación empresarial donde se integran todas las áreas de negocio de todos los sectores de las empresas de Lao Hernández.

El 3 de julio de 2018 vende CIRSA al fondo de inversión Blackstone Group, a excepción del negocio de ocio en Argentina, donde posee casinos, otros negocios del juego con apuestas y hoteles .

Reconocimientos empresariales
En 1993 es elegido presidente de la Fundación Estudios del Ocio. Esta fundación, hoy extinta, agrupaba a los industriales y empresarios más significativos del sector económico del ocio y el entretenimiento, y se dedicó al fomento y a la investigación en campos tan diversos como la cultura, la formación profesional y las acciones de interés social.

En 1994 y, ante la situación de crisis que vive el sector del recreativo en España, se crea la Confederación Española de Empresarios del Juego Recreativo en Hostelería (COFAR), y Manuel Lao Hernández es elegido presidente, cargo que desempeñó desde su origen, en 1994, y hasta el 30 de junio de 2018. También ha sido miembro muy activo y valorado en la Federación Europea EUROMAT.

En 1996 entró a formar parte del Consejo Consultivo de la Confederación Empresarial de Cataluña, Fomento del Trabajo Nacional, en calidad de vocal.

En marzo de 1997 asume la presidencia de Fianzas y Servicios Financieros, la primera y única sociedad de garantía recíproca en el sector económico del ocio y el entretenimiento.

En abril de 2007 Manuel Lao Hernández comienza a formar parte como miembro de pleno derecho, de la junta directiva de la Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales (CEOE), en su calidad de presidente de COFAR.

Merced a su trayectoria empresarial, ha sido ponente o conferenciante en diferentes foros académicos, entre los que destacan:

«El despliegue internacional de la empresa: The Man in the Spot» conferencia para IESE Business School. XXXVI Asamblea de la Agrupación de Miembros de la Escuela de Negocios, IESE.
«Self-made Man», conferencia para Escuela Superior de Administración, INSA.
«Ser Empresario», conferencia para Escuela de Administración de Empresas, EAE Business School.
«El valor de la intuición», para Universidad de Almería, dentro del Foro de Almería.
«La visión de la innovación y las claves empresariales» UCAM, clausura de las jornadas sobre mercado, economía e innovación en alimentación.

Reconocimientos
2000. Llave de Barcelona, por el Club de Amigos Llave de Barcelona.
2003. Micrófono de Oro Asociación Profesional Española de Informadores de Prensa, Radio y Televisión (APEI-PRTV).
2004. Mención de la APEI, Asociación Profesional Española de Informadores de Prensa, Radio, Televisión e Internet (APEI-PRTV).
2004. Asociado de Honor de la Federación Española de Restauradores (FER).
2004. Insignia de Oro concedida por la Federación Española de Restauradores (FER).
2007. Hijo Predilecto del Ayuntamiento de Las Tres Villas (Almería).
2007. Premio Personalidad CECOT reconocimiento a su trayectoria profesional y su aportación al mundo empresarial y económico.
 2008. Premio Carlos Ferrer Salat 2008 de Fomento del Trabajo Nacional al reconocimiento a los mejores empresarios por la internacionalización de la compañía.
 2009. La Cámara de Comercio de Tarrasa le otorgó el premio al Liderazgo Empresarial por su trayectoria e iniciativa en el mundo económico y empresarial.
 2011. Cruz Europea de Oro de la Agrupación Española de Fomento Europeo por su destacada trayectoria en pro de los valores universales y los derechos humanos en la unión de los pueblos y personas.
 2017. Doctor Honoris Causa por la Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM), Manuel Lao Hernández fue investido Doctor Honoris Causa por la UCAM (Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia) el 23 de marzo de 2017 en reconocimiento a su trayectoria y aportación al mundo empresarial, tanto en España como en América Latina, destacando su carácter emprendedor e innovador.
2020. Director y Catedrático Extraordinario de la Cátedra Internacional de Emprendimiento y Empleo, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia (UCAM).

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página web oficial de la Fundación MLH

Empresarios de Cataluña
Personas de Las Tres Villas

Manuel Lao Hernández


Rainatou Sow é uma mulher guineense que fundou a Make Every Woman Count:  uma organização operada por uma equipe de mulheres jovens na África, América e Europa, que usam sua paixão e experiência para promover os direitos e o empoderamento de mulheres e meninas. Ela é uma ativista por um mundo pacífico e igualitário, uma defensora dos direitos humanos e da justiça social e trabalha para empoderar mulheres e meninas.

Vida pessoal e antecedentes
Rainatou nasceu na cidade mineira de Fria, em Guiné, na África. Aos 12 anos, começou a dar aulas noturnas a meninas que não podiam ir à escola e, mais tarde, envolveu-se com o sistema político, tornando-se membro do parlamento infantil guineense, como ministra da Criança e dos Assuntos da Mulher, incluindo aparições na rádio e televisão guineenses.

Rainatou obteve um mestrado em Direito Internacional na Université Kofi Annan, de Guinée, e um mestrado em Relações Internacionais na London Metropolitan University. Ela é fluente em francês, inglês, Pulaar e Susu.

Primeiras atividades políticas
Rainatou ocupou vários cargos na Guiné, inclusive na Organização Internacional para as Migrações (OIM), Organização Mundial da Saúde e na UNICEF. Depois de se mudar para Nova York, em 2009, Rainatou estagiou no WILPF Peacewomen Project, trabalhando exclusivamente na Resolução 1325 do Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas: uma resolução adotada em 2000 que pedia que os direitos das mulheres fossem respeitados em conflitos.

Fundação da "Faça Cada Mulher Contar"
Inspirada pelas atividades da Peacewoman e motivada pela nomeação dos anos 2010 a 2020 como "A Década da Mulher Africana" pela União Africana, Rainatou fundou uma nova organização para fornecer notícias e recursos para as mulheres africanas, tanto aquelas na África quanto aquelas que vivem em diáspora no exterior. Com o objetivo de promover o tema da Década da Mulher Africana, este centro de recursos online começou a reunir notícias de todo o continente e a fornecer artigos autopublicados, destacando o trabalho de organizações de base, juntamente com entrevistas com mulheres bem-sucedidas.

Ao retornar ao Reino Unido, em 2011, Rainatou se inscreveu para que Make Every Woman Count se tornasse uma instituição de caridade registrada, status que alcançou em 13 de outubro daquele ano. Desde a fundação da organização, Rainatou expandiu a equipe para incluir uma gama diversificada de voluntários de todo o mundo.

Crenças e inspirações
Falando à CNN, Rainatou deu as razões de sua dedicação à Década da Mulher Africana: "Basicamente, quando eles lançaram a Década da Mulher Africana, foi em Nairóbi; você teve pessoas de todo [o mundo] vindo, delegados, governos africanos, foi uma grande festa. Mas então, depois de alguns meses, você quase não ouviu falar sobre isso - por causa da crise de crédito, basicamente não ouvimos falar de financiamento para projetos de mulheres lá e foi muito tranquilo. Então pensamos o que podemos fazer? Vamos sentar e deixar passar esta década, ou vamos fazer alguma coisa, principalmente nós como a geração mais jovem".

Ela foi motivada por sua visão de que um dia todas as mulheres terão voz nas instituições de governança e participarão plenamente do diálogo público e da tomada de decisões. Em sua entrevista com a Women 4 Africa, ela disse: "A maioria das organizações internacionais focadas em capacitar e obter a igualdade de direitos das mulheres muitas vezes negligenciam as vozes das próprias mulheres africanas".

Reconhecimento e prêmios
Rainatou foi premiada como 'Mulheres Inspiradoras do Ano' em 2012 pela Women for Africa, em reconhecimento ao seu trabalho na promoção da Década das Mulheres Africanas, e foi destaque nas '20 Mulheres Mais Jovens e Poderosas da África' pela Revista Forbes. Ela foi reconhecida em 2013 pelo THE BUZZ na Igualdade para todos entre as 'Oito ativistas pela igualdade de mulheres estrangeiras a saber' Em 2013 e em 2014, ela foi reconhecida como uma das 100 mulheres da BBC.

Aparições na mídia
Rainatou apareceu no programa African Voices da CNN, sendo entrevistado no evento de publicação do relatório anual da organização. Ela foi uma das participantes do 100 Women (BBC)  em 25 de outubro de 2013, um dia de discussão incluindo 100 mulheres de todo o mundo, e novamente em 26 de outubro de 2014.

Veja também
 100 Mulheres (BBC)
 Mulheres na categoria BBC 100 Mulheres

Nascidos em 1983
Pessoas vivas
Mulheres da Guiné na política
Pessoas na lista BBC 100 Mulheres de 2013
Pessoas na lista BBC 100 Mulheres de 2014

Rainatou Sow


بلدية سيرانيوس (بالإسبانية: Serranillos) هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة آبلة التابعة لمنطقة قشتالة وليون وسط إسبانيا.

الديموغرافيا
بلغ عدد سكان بلدية سيرانيوس 282 نسمة عام 2011 (وفقاً للمعهد الوطني للإحصاء الإسباني).

مراجع

مصادر
  الموقع الرسمي لبلدية سيرانيوس

أماكن مأهولة في آبلة
بلديات آبلة

سيرانيوس


Pontypool ( ) is a town and the administrative centre of the county borough of Torfaen, within the historic boundaries of Monmouthshire in South Wales. , it has a population of 29,062.

Location
It is situated on the Afon Lwyd river in the county borough of Torfaen. Located at the eastern edge of the South Wales coalfields, Pontypool grew around industries including iron and steel production, coal mining, and the growth of the railways. A rather artistic manufacturing industry which also flourished here alongside heavy industry was Japanning, a type of lacquer ware.

Pontypool itself consists of several smaller districts, these include New Inn, Griffithstown, Sebastopol (Panteg.) Abersychan, Cwmffrwdoer, Pontnewynydd, Trevethin, Penygarn, Wainfelin, Tranch, Brynwern, Pontymoile, Blaendare, Cwmynyscoy, Talywain, Garndiffaith, Pentwyn, and Varteg.

History

The name of the town in Welsh – Pont-y-pŵl – originates from a bridge ('pont') associated with a pool in the Afon Lwyd. The Welsh word pŵl is a borrowing from English pool and is found in other place-names in Gwent. Pontypool is an anglicised form of the Welsh name.

Pontypool has a notable history as one of the earliest industrial towns in Wales. The town and its immediate surroundings were home to significant industrial and technological innovations, with links to the iron industry dating back to the early fifteenth century when a bloomery furnace was established at Pontymoile. During the sixteenth century, largely due to the influence of the Hanbury family, the area developed its association with the iron industry and continued to consolidate its position in the seventeenth century, when the development of the town began in earnest. Throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the metallurgical and extractive industries of the area, along with the development of the canals and railways, provided the impetus to the expansion of Pontypool and its surrounding villages and communities.

Industrial development
The Afon Lwyd valley, in which Pontypool is situated, provided an abundance of resources for the manufacturing of iron, including coal, iron ore, charcoal and waterpower. The wider technological developments of the Tudor period, such as the utilisation of blast furnaces to produce iron, allowed for the greater exploitation of the mineral resources of south Wales. A blast furnace was in use at Monkswood, near Pontypool, from as early as 1536 and was followed by the erection of other blast furnaces in the area surrounding Pontypool. An ironworks was established in what later became Pontypool Park in c. 1575. Forges, where cast iron could be converted into wrought iron, were also developed and included Town Forge within Pontypool, which was in operation during the last quarter of the sixteenth century, and the Osborne Forge, near Pontnewynydd, which produced the renowned Osmond iron.

Richard Hanbury of Worcestershire, a notable entrepreneur, developed interests within the Pontypool area during the 1570s, acquiring and developing forges and furnaces in Monkswood, Cwmffrwdoer, Trosnant, Llanelly and Abercarn. Hanbury acquired leases and rights to utilise the raw materials of the wider area, including a large expanse of woodland to produce charcoal and some 800 acres of land to extract coal and iron-ore at Panteg, Pontymoile and Mynyddislwyn. Furthermore, he secured the rights to extract coal and iron-ore on Lord Abergavenny's Hills in and around Blaenavon. The Hanburys were also active at Cwmlickey, Lower Race and Blaendare during the seventeenth century as the demand for coal was met.

Major John Hanbury (1664-1734) acquired a reputation as an industrial pioneer and through the endeavours of Hanbury and his leading agents, Thomas Cooke, William Payne and Thomas Allgood, significant developments within the British tinplate industry were made in Pontypool, including the introduction of the world's first rolling for the production of iron sheets and blackplate at the Pontypool Park works in 1697. Tinplate was being produced at Pontypool from c. 1706, with an important tin mill in operation at Pontymoile during the early eighteenth century.

During the 1660s, Thomas Allgood of Northamptonshire, was appointed manager of the Pontypool Ironworks. Allgood developed the Pontypool 'japanning' process, whereby metal plate could be treated in a way that generated a lacquered and decorative finish. Thomas Allgood died in 1716, having been unable to commence production of his Pontypool Japanware but the increased creation of tinplate at Pontypool from the early eighteenth century allowed for japanning to enter wide scale manufacture. There was a growing demand for these artistic, luxury products and Allgood's sons, Edward and Thomas, established a japanworks in Pontypool, which was producing large quantities of Japanware by 1732. The brothers produced a range of products, including decorative bread baskets, tea trays, dishes and other items, and were renowned for their high quality work. Following the death of Edward Allgood in 1761 there was a family quarrel between his two sons and a rival japanning factory was established in Usk. Both the Pontypool and Usk concerns had ceased production by the early 1820s.

From the mid to late eighteenth century, as the industrial revolution took hold, there was a massive expansion in the economic development of south Wales. Iron-making flourished in emerging towns and settlements, notably at Merthyr Tydfil, Tredegar, and Blaenavon. By the early nineteenth century, south Wales was the most important centre of iron production in the world. Whilst Pontypool was not as competitive as some of the larger ironworks towns, it retained a niche in the metallurgical market, producing specialist tinplate. The japanning industry of Pontypool continued to decline and had ceased by the mid-nineteenth century, by which time the economy of the Pontypool area relied on the iron and coal industries, the tinplate industry and the production of iron rails. The twentieth century witnessed a decline in the heavy industries of south Wales and this had a direct impact on the economy of Pontypool and its district.

Urban and civic development

The growth of Pontypool accompanied the development of industry. Originally a dispersed, rural settlement, the first centres of growth took place in the hamlets of Trosnant and Pontymoile. However, as the focus of industry and investment became increasingly centred on Pontypool, the town began to emerge as a focal point for the wider, scattered community.

Pontypool was a little village within old Trevethin parish in the ancient hundred of Abergavenny of the County of Monmouth. In 1690, during the reign of William III and Mary II, the Crown accepted a petition for a market to be established in Pontypool, permitting a weekly market and three annual fairs—the village thus officially became a town. A market hall and assembly rooms were erected in 1730–31, thereby elevating the civic position of the community. During the early eighteenth century, the Hanbury family were also developing their Pontypool Park estate as a permanent family residence. The development of industrial works and employment opportunities near the emerging town also precipitated the building of dwellings along the Afon Lwyd to provide housing for the workforce. Trade and commerce also developed and Pontypool, largely due to the endeavours of the Vaughan family, acquired a strong reputation for clock-making during the eighteenth century. By the middle of the eighteenth century, a small town had clearly developed, providing employment, housing and a commercial role, also serving as an important local centre for the surrounding hamlets. By the time Archdeacon William Coxe visited Pontypool at the dawn of the nineteenth century, the town had some 250 houses and a number of thriving shops and businesses, catering for a population of approximately 1,500 people.

Pontypool continued to grow during the nineteenth century, with many new houses and buildings being erected during the late Victorian period. Concurrently, the outlying villages also grew, effectively providing suburbs to Pontypool town centre. Key civic and community buildings were created during the course of the century, including an abundance of chapels and churches, Pontypool Town Hall, which was provided by Capel Hanbury Leigh in 1856, and a great number of shops, banks, public houses, hotels and a public library from 1906.

The town also developed an important educational role. Pontypool became home to a Welsh Baptist College in 1836, when it moved from Abergavenny. The college trained many Welsh Baptist ministers, large numbers of whom went on to lead congregations in Wales and overseas. It relocated to the new University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, in Cardiff, in 1893. The former Pontypool College became the County Grammar School for Girls in 1897 and, in the following January, West Monmouth Grammar School was opened for boys. The school's origins date back to the early seventeenth century when William Jones, a wealthy merchant, left a considerable fortune to the Company of Haberdashers to provide charitable and educational services in Monmouth. Monmouth School was built in 1615 and many years later, the trustees of the charity decided to invest in additional schools within the county. 'West Mon' School was consequently built, at a cost of £30,000, on a site donated by John Capel Hanbury in 1896.

Urban growth continued in the twentieth century as national social reforms encouraged the provision of public housing schemes to improve the quality of housing in working class communities. Redevelopment programmes in the latter half of the century resulted in the demolition of old streets and historic buildings, as well as the creation of new road networks to relieve the increased pressure of vehicular traffic.

Transport
The industries of the area necessitated good transport links. A network of tramroads was established throughout the Pontypool area to connect sites of extraction to the centres of the production and subsequently to export, and market routes. The construction of the Monmouthshire Canal during the 1790s connected Pontnewynydd to Newport and later connected with the Brecknock and Abergavenny Canal at Pontymoile in 1812. Tramroads leading from industrial areas within an eight-mile radius of the canal converged at either Pontnewynydd or Pontymoile.

The tramroads and canals were superseded by the railways in the mid-nineteenth century. From 1845, work commenced on establishing a railway from Pontypool to Newport. The line opened to passengers in 1852 and connected with Blaenavon in 1854. It eventually came under the management of the Great Western Railway. Another line was constructed during the 1860s and 1870s to connect Pontypool with Newport via Caerleon. Connections were also made with Abergavenny, Hereford and the Taff Vale. Pontypool had three railway stations, namely Crane Street, Clarence Street and Pontypool Road. Line closures during the 1960s greatly reduced the valley's railway connections, which were replaced by modern roads. The only passenger line still operating within Pontypool is at an unmanned station in New Inn. Pontypool & New Inn station is on the Welsh Marches Line with trains provided by Transport for Wales.

Pontypool Park
Pontypool Park was the historic seat of the Hanbury family, who developed a permanent residence in Pontypool in c. 1694 and, under the direction of Major John Hanbury, subsequently established a deer park in the early 1700s. The park became a venue for recreation and enjoyment for the Hanbury family and their associates. An example of the luxury and display demonstrated by the family is the ornate shell grotto summerhouse within the park, completed and decorated during the 1830s.

Pontypool Park House was gradually extended and modified, with major changes being carried out in the mid-18th century, the early 1800s and 1872. Alterations were also made within Pontypool Park during the 19th century and included the dismantling of the old ironworks in 1831, the reconstruction of the park gates by Thomas Deakin of Blaenavon in 1835, the planting of trees to increase the privacy of the family from the gaze of outsiders, and the development of the American Gardens in 1851.

In 1920, the house and its park entered public ownership, and this allowed for the site to be developed as a public amenity. Developments during the 1920s witnessed the introduction of public tennis courts, a rugby ground and a bowling green. A notable event was the Royal National Eisteddfod, which took place in the park in 1924. A bandstand was added in 1931, allowing the townspeople the opportunity to listen to music in the open air. A leisure centre and artificial ski slope were introduced in 1974.

Pontypool Park House was sold to the Sisters of the Order of the Holy Ghost in 1923, who utilised the building as a girls' boarding school. It eventually became St. Alban's R.C. High School. The adjacent stable block was used for a variety of purposes during the 20th century but ultimately became home to the Valley Inheritance Museum in 1981, which was set up by Torfaen Museum Trust (est. 1978) to accommodate, safeguard and present the collections relating to the heritage of the Afon Lwyd valley.

Education

The town is home to four comprehensive schools:
Abersychan School; West Monmouth School (formerly Jones' West Monmouth Grammar School for Boys); St. Alban's R.C. High School; and Ysgol Gymraeg Gwynllyw, a Welsh Medium education school teaching students between 3 and 19 years old.

Trevethin Community School has been closed. This was formerly the Pontypool Grammar School for Girls (also known as 'The County'), although at one time the sole campus was where the Welsh medium school, Ysgol Gymraeg Gwynllyw now stands. Trevethin Community School was also the original site of the Welsh Baptist College. Pontypool Campus Coleg Gwent (formerly known as Pontypool College) has now been closed. Crownbridge Special School was based in Pontypool, however, in 2012, the school moved to new facilities in Cwmbran.

Sport and leisure

Pontypool Active Living Centre, in Pontypool Park is a leisure centre with the only swimming venue in Pontypool. It has a 25-metre swimming pool for competitive swimming galas and viewing for up to 200 spectators. It also has a separate teaching pool and two hydroslides. Pontypool Active Living Centre has a fitness suite, and a state-of-the-art Strength Suite. As well as a dance studio, and sports hall.

Pontypool Park is also home to Wales' oldest and longest artificial ski slope. Built in 1974 and at 230m long it is used for leisure and by the Welsh Ski Squad for training. The ski slope is closed for part of the year due to local council funding cutbacks.

In the grounds of Pontypool Park there is a play park for children and a skate park. As well as a picnic area, and outdoor tennis courts.

Pontypool RFC's rugby ground is situated in Pontypool Park grounds.

Pontypool has a prize-winning Brass Band who were chosen to perform in the Finals of the National Brass Band Championships of Great Britain (Section 3) in 2012 and 2013.

Rugby

Pontypool Rugby Football Club is one of the town's cornerstones. Founded in the 1870s, the club became a founder member of the Welsh Rugby Union in 1881. Under the captaincy of Terry Cobner the intervening years saw 'Pooler' become one of the great teams of Welsh rugby. The legendary 'Pontypool Front Row' in the 1970s, of Bobby Windsor, Charlie Faulkner and Graham Price was immortalised in song by Max Boyce. The club's contribution to Wales was seen again in 1983, when Pontypool's "forward factory" produced five of the Welsh pack in the Five Nations Championship. Other rugby union clubs based in or near the town are Pontypool United RFC, Abersychan RFC, Garndiffaith RFC, New Panteg RFC, Talywain RFC, West Mon RFC, Blaenavon RFC and Forgeside RFC. Pontypool's rugby league club are called the Torfaen Tigers and play in the Rugby League Conference Welsh Premier.

Football

Football teams in the area are:

Blaenavon Blues AFC, Blaenavon
Fairfield United AFC, Garndiffaith
Forgeside AFC, Blaenavon
Griffithstown AFC, Griffithstown
Panteg AFC,
Pilcs AFC, New Inn
Pontypool Town AFC
Race AFC, Blaendare
Tranch AFC, Tranch
Pontnewynydd AFC

Notable sights
 Big Pit National Coal Museum
 Blaenavon Ironworks
 Blaenavon Heritage Railway -Pontypool and Blaenavon Railway
 Llandegfedd Reservoir
 Monmouthshire and Brecon Canal
 Pontypool Park
 Folly Tower, Pontypool
 Shell Grotto, Pontypool
 Pontymoile Basin
 Torfaen Museum

Notable people
See also :Category:People from Pontypool

Arts and literature

 Aimee-Ffion Edwards – actress
 Annabel Giles – model and presenter
 Anthony Hopkins CBE – actor
 David Llewellyn – novelist
 Dame Gwyneth Jones – opera singer
 Jane Arden – experimental film-maker, writer and poet
 James Dean Bradfield – singer and guitarist, Manic Street Preachers
 Jennifer Daniel – actress
 Keri Collins – screenwriter
 Kevin Owen – TV news anchor
 Lee Dainton – member of Dirty Sanchez
 Luke Evans – actor and singer
 Peredur ap Gwynedd – guitarist, Pendulum
 Myfanwy Haycock – poet
 Steve Parry – musician of the band Hwyl Nofio
Thomas Barker – painter

Business and education

 Edwin Stevens CBE – inventor of the first hearing aid
 David Gwilym James – Vice-Chancellor from 1952-65 of the University of Southampton
 Rhys Probert – Director from 1973-80 of the Royal Aircraft Establishment

Clergy

 Elzear Torreggiani – Capuchin friar and superior 1860–76, later 2nd bishop of Armidale NSW.
 Frank and Seth Joshua – Welsh Revival Evangelists
 Noel Debroy Jones – Bishop of Sodor and Man
 Sarah Clark, Bishop of Jarrow
 Morgan Edwards – historian of religion

Public service

 Alun Gwynne Jones, Baron Chalfont, politician
 Don Touhig – politician
 Joan Ruddock – politician
 Ivor Bulmer-Thomas CBE – politician
 Paul Murphy – politician
 Roy Jenkins – politician
 Nick Thomas-Symonds – politician, barrister and academic
 Steffan Lewis MS – politician
 Theodore Huckle QC – Counsel General for Wales
 William Jones – (1809–1873), chartist

Sport

 Allen Forward – rugby player
 Aneurin Owen – rugby player
 Bryn Meredith – rugby player
 Caleb McDuff – racing driver
 Cerys Hale – rugby player
 Ellie Curson – professional footballer
 Gareth Maule – rugby player
 Graham Price – rugby player
 Iestyn Thomas – rugby player
 James Waite – football player
 Ken Jones – rugby player
 Lloyd Burns – rugby player
 Luca Hoole – football player
 Mako Vunipola – rugby player
 Marcus Ebdon – footballer
 Mark Taylor – rugby union player
 Ryan Doble – footballer
 Taulupe Faletau – rugby player
 Terry Cobner – rugby player
 Tony Villars – footballer

Nearby areas

Twinned towns
Pontypool is twinned with the following towns:
  Condeixa, Portugal since 1994
  Bretten, Germany since 1994
  Longjumeau, France since 1994
All four towns are twinned with each other and a twinning conference and youth festival is held each year in one of the towns.

References

Towns in Torfaen

Pontypool


Sammy Kibet Rotich (* 1980) ist ein kenianischer Marathonläufer.

2005 gewann er den Placentia Marathon und wurde Fünfter beim Košice-Marathon. Im Jahr darauf siegte er beim Enschede-Marathon mit seiner persönlichen Bestzeit von 2:12:05 h und beim Lausanne-Marathon, und 2007 wurde er Zweiter beim Ljubljana-Marathon.

2008 folgte einem weiteren Sieg beim Placentia Marathon ein vierter Platz in Košice. 2009 wurde er Sechster beim Sevilla-Marathon und Zweiter beim Casablanca-Marathon, 2010 Achter in Casablanca.

Weblinks

Marathonläufer (Kenia)
Leichtathlet (Kenia)
Kenianer
Mann
Geboren 1980

Sammy Kibet Rotich


Trappenkamp er en kommune i det nordlige Tyskland, der også er administrationsby i Amt Bornhöved. Byen ligger i den nordlige del af Kreis Segeberg, sydøst i delstaten Slesvig-Holsten.

Geografi
Trappenkamp er beliggende 15 kilometer nord for Bad Segeberg og 15 km øst for Neumünster. I kommunen er der til- og fra kørsel til motorvejen A 21. Nærmeste banegård er omkring fem km væk i nabokommunen Rickling ved jernbanen mellem Neumünster og Bad Oldesloe. Indtil 1961 havde Trappenkamp selv en banegård ved enden af den tre kilometer lange sidelinje fra Bornhöved på Kiel–Segeberg banen. Det var hovedsageligt en godsbane, men indtil 1952 kørte også enkelte persontog.

Eksterne kilder/henvisninger

 Kommunens websted
 Statistikamt Nord – Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2014 (XLSX-Data) (Fortschreibung auf Basis des Zensus 2011)

Byer i Slesvig-Holsten
Kommuner i Slesvig-Holsten
Byer i Kreis Segeberg

Trappenkamp


Tanca (Arapça: طنجة), Fas'ın kuzeyinde 669.685 nüfuslu bir şehir. Kuzeybatı Afrika'da, Cebelitarık kıyısında yer alır. Tanca Eyaletinin merkezidir. Tanca, doğusundaki Akdeniz'i batısındaki Atlas Okyanusu ile buluşturmaktadır. 1940'ta Hendaye'de Hitler'le anlaşma yapan Francisco Franco tarafından II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında işgal edilmiştir. Savaşta Almanlar gerilemeye başlayınca Francisco Franco, müttefiklere yaklaşmak için Tanca'dan geri çekilmiştir. Fas'ın bağımsızlığını kazandığı 1956 yılına kadar Tanca, stratejik konumu ve liman oluşu nedeniyle uyuşturucu, kaçakçılık ve casusluk trafiğinin kavşağı denilebilecek bir yerdi. Şimdi ise şehir, yasa dışı aktiviteleriyle değil, turistik özellikleriyle ön plana çıkmaktadır.

İklimi

Ulaşım

Demiryolu hattı şehri güneyde Rabat, Kazablanka ve Marakeş'e; doğuda Fès ve Oujda'ya bağlar. ONCF demiryollarını işletir. Rabat - Tanca otoyolu (A 1 otoyolu) Tanca'yı, Rabat (250 km) üzerinden Fès'e, Kazablanka (330 km) üzerinden Settat'a ve devlet yolu (N 16 yolu)Tanca-Med limanına bağlar. İbni Batuta uluslararası havalimanı (eski adıyla Tanca-Bukhalef) şehrin 15 km güney batısındadır.

Yeni Tanca-Med limanı Danimarkalı firma A.P. Moller-Maersk Grubu tarafından işletilmektedir ve eski limanı turizm ve eğlence mekanlarının kullanımına olanak sağlayacaktır. Tanca'nın havalimanı ve demiryolu Fas rivierası Tanca ve Oujda arasındaki sahillere geçiş kapısı olacaktır. Geleneksel kuzey kıyısında, Fas, fakir ve az gelişmiş bir bölge idi ama Akdeniz'in en güzel plajlarından bazılarına sahip olan bölgede  hızlı bir gelişme görmek olasıdır.

İbni Batuta uluslararası havalimanı genişletildi ve daha fazla uçuşlar karşılamak için modernize edilmiştir. Havaalanındaki en büyük havayolu şirketi Royal Air Maroc'tur. Buna ek olarak, bir TGV, hızlı tren sistemi inşa ediliyor. Tamamlanması birkaç yıl alacak ve Kuzey Afrika'daki en hızlı raylı sistem olacak.

Kardeş Şehirler
  Cadiz İspanya
  Faro Portekiz
  Sevilla İspanya
  Liège Belçika
  Wellington Yeni Zelanda
  Kartaca Tunus

Kaynakça

Afrika'daki eski cumhuriyetler
Fas'taki şehirler
Fas'taki liman kentleri
Fas'taki metropolitan alanlar
Fenike kolonileri
Tanca-Tetuan-El-Hüseyma'daki yerleşim birimleri
Eski Portekiz kolonileri
Algarve Krallığı
MÖ 5. yüzyılda kurulan yerleşim birimleri
1923'te kurulan bölgeler ve ülkeler
1940'ta feshedilmiş oluşumlar
1945'te kurulan bölgeler ve ülkeler
1956'da feshedilmiş oluşumlar

Tanca


Josephine Nordstrøm (født 7. Maj 1998 i Danmark) er en kvindelig dansk håndboldspiller som til daglig spiller for Skövde HF. Hun har tidligere spillet for Viborg HK og FC Midtjylland Håndbold.

Referencer
 Spillerprofil - Viborg HK

Håndboldspillere fra Danmark
Håndboldspillere fra FC Midtjylland Håndbold
Håndboldspillere fra Viborg HK

Josephine Nordstrøm


Fernando Mezzasoma (3 August 1907 – 28 April 1945), also referred to as Ferdinando, was an Italian fascist journalist and political figure. He was deputy national secretary of the National Fascist Party and Minister of Popular Culture of the Italian Social Republic.

Biography
Mezzasoma was born in Rome, the son of middle-class Perugians; from his late teens he showed himself to be a passionate supporter of Benito Mussolini.

Mezzasoma had to contribute to his impoverished family's income from early on, and took several jobs before finishing studies in accounting. A secretary to the lawyer Amedeo Fani, he was integrated to the state bureaucracy in 1929, after Fani became undersecretary to the ministry of Dino Grandi (the Minister of Foreign Affairs). In 1931, he joined the ranks of the National Fascist Party (PNF), and soon after became secretary of the Perugia branch of the Gruppi Universitari Fascisti (GUF), the fascist student organization.

The following year, Mezzasoma was appointed one of the local PNF leaders in Perugia (holding the position until 1935). He began writing for official magazines, such as Dottrina Fascista and Roma Fascista, usually under the pen name Diogene. Editor of Assalto in 1934, he became co-editor of the GUF mouthpiece Libro e Moschetto; in 1937, he published Essenza dei GUF ("Essence of the GUF"), a propaganda volume that was distributed throughout the network of Fascist youth organizations. During the 1930s he was vice president of the School of Fascist Mysticism.

A national deputy-secretary of the GUF in 1935, he was included to the leadership group of the PNF in January 1937, and became its deputy national secretary on February 23, 1939. When Italy entered World War II as an Axis Power, he volunteered for the 7th Artillery Regiment and fought in the Western Alps against France, being awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor. In 1942, he quit the army to become the director of the Italian press; he continued in that role until 1943. Unlike a great many leading figures of the government (such as Galeazzo Ciano and Dino Grandi), he stayed loyal to Mussolini long after the July 1943 Grand Council of Fascism crisis which ended the latter's rule in Rome.

With the foundation of the Nazi Germany-assisted Italian Social Republic, he was appointed Mussolini's Minister of Popular Culture, and held this post until the Republic collapsed less than two years later.

He clashed with Junio Valerio Borghese and, on 19 April 1945 left for Milan, parting with his collaborators (including Giorgio Almirante). It seems that he had the opportunity to flee the region following Germany's defeat, but would have refused, saying: "I am a minister of Mussolini, I shall die with him".

Along with other fascist leaders and officials, at the end of the war he was captured near Lake Como while trying to make his way to Switzerland, and shot by the partisans in Dongo on 28 April 1945.

External links

1907 births
1945 deaths
Writers from Rome
People of the Italian Social Republic
Italian male journalists
Italian people of World War II
Executed politicians
People executed by Italy by firing squad
20th-century executions by Italy
Italian anti-communists
20th-century Italian journalists
Anti-communist propagandists
Italian propagandists
20th-century Italian male writers
Executed Italian fascists

Fernando Mezzasoma