Caravaggio é um filme biográfico dirigido por Derek Jarman sobre o pintor italiano Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio. O drama filmou-se em 1986 em armazéns abandonados ao longo do rio Tâmisa em Londres com um orçamento de 715.000 dólares do British Filme Institute. A preparação e realização do filme tomou de Jarman sete anos, mas também o atraiu a atenção internacional pela primeira vez. Logo, Jarman foi catalogado como um dos cineastas mais inovadores e importantes de sua época.

Assim como o próprio Caravaggio ocasionalmente retratou figuras bíblicas em roupas do século XVI, Jarman emprega detalhes do século XX em seu filme histórico, incluindo: um bar com luz elétrica, máquinas de escrever mecânicas, ruídos ferroviários, uma motocicleta, cigarros, um caminhão, uma calculadora de bolso eletrônica, entre outros. Estritamente na tradição de Caravaggio, Jarman dedicou o maior cuidado à luz, que repetidamente condensa os arranjos artificiais e os traz à vida. De certa forma, o Caravaggio de Jarman é tanto sobre o artista Derek Jarman quanto sobre o pintor do século XVII, ambos os quais exerceram grande influência e causaram rebuliço com seus trabalhos artísticos. Muitos contemporâneos ficaram ofendidos com o tema polêmico de suas obras, bem como com a constante transgressão das normas morais da época de sua criação.

O enredo é uma construção sofisticada de eventos confirmados por fontes confiáveis, detalhes biográficos, conjecturas, lendas e pura ficção. Jarman combina esses elementos em uma história plausível e densa na atmosfera que não reivindica a verdade histórica.

Trama
O empobrecido pintor Caravaggio (Nigel Terry) jaz em seu leito de morte em Porto Ercole em 1610. Seus pensamentos se voltam para sua curta vida de paixão, sua infância nas ruas, o patrocínio do cardeal Francesco Maria Del Monte e seu relacionamento com Ranuccio (Sean Bean), que posou para muitos de seus retratos de mártir. Vários flashbacks são usados para ilustrar diferentes episódios da vida do pintor.

Depois de se formar como pintor, Michelangelo Merisi, nascido em 1571 em Caravaggio, província de Bérgamo, mudou-se para Roma. Ele leva seu nome artístico, Caravaggio, do local de origem de seus pais. Sem sucesso e doente, ele está em um hospital. Lá o cardeal Del Monte (Michael Gough) descobre o talento do artista que se retratou como Baco. Del Monte se encarrega do jovem pintor, que logo recebe importantes encomendas públicas. Sua atitude e representações extraordinariamente realistas, no entanto, o tornam alvo de inúmeros ataques, dos quais ele é protegido pelo rico banqueiro Giustiniani (Nigel Davenport).

Caravaggio escolhe moradores de rua, bêbados, pobres, ladrões e prostitutas como modelos para suas obras intensas e predominantemente religiosas. O pintor conhece o jogador Ranuccio e sua amante, a prostituta Lena (Tilda Swinton) em uma pousada. Eles iniciam um ménage à trois fatal depois de Caravaggio empregar os dois como modelos. Lena conhece e se envolve com o influente cardeal Scipione Borghese (Robbie Coltrane), quando ela está sendo interpretada por Caravaggio como Maria Madalena. Isso desencadeia uma espiral de violência. Quando Lena fica grávida, não está claro quem realmente é o pai. Ele deixa seus dois amantes para ir com Borghese, argumentando que Ranuccio e Caravaggio têm um ao outro. Mais tarde, quando ela é encontrada morta, afogada no Tibre, Ranuccio é preso e acusado de assassinato, embora insista que é inocente. Caravaggio acredita em sua inocência e espalha boatos de que Borghese, sobrinho do Papa, cometeu o assassinato. Ele consegue uma audiência com o pontífice e lhe entrega uma petição. Ele é insultado por ele em relação à sua homossexualidade e ao seu modo de vida e ao intolerável caso Ranuccio Tomassoni. Eles dizem a ele, porém, que se sua representação do Papa ganhasse reconhecimento, Ranuccio seria libertado.

Caravaggio pinta obsessivamente a morta Lena, que jaz em seu escritório, e completa a pintura chamando-a de A Morte da Virgem. Assim que Ranuccio, que já foi solto, entra na sala, ele comenta que acha engraçado que eles "fizeram direito". Quando um confuso Caravaggio pergunta o que ele quer dizer, Ranuccio pergunta se ele é cego, claro que foi ele quem matou Lena; fê-lo por amor a Caravaggio, a ambos. Irado, Caravaggio corta sua garganta.

Começa uma fuga de quatro anos para o artista, sempre acompanhado do fiel servo, o mudo Jerusaleme, que comprou ainda criança para ser seu assistente e que permaneceu ao seu lado até sua morte.

Elenco

Produção
A ideia original do filme partiu de Nicholas Ward Jackson, que também o produziu.

O desenhista de produção foi Christopher Hobbs, que também foi o responsável pelas cópias das pinturas de Caravaggio vistas no filme.

Comentando sobre o filme, Jarman disse: "Nenhum dos meus projetos cinematográficos jamais causou tantos problemas quanto este da vida de Caravaggio (...) A luta era que eu queria fazer um filme sobre um pintor sério em uma cultura cinematográfica que não tinha meios para lidar adequadamente com esse assunto. (...) Normalmente, a primeira coisa que importa é uma vida vivida com muito sucesso, e é anunciado que se pode ver o gênio em ação. Larguei isso e fiz um filme bem simples sobre um assassinato e um triângulo amoroso".

Prêmios
Como diretor e roteirista, Derek Jarman ganhou o Prêmio CIDALC e o Urso de Prata na Berlinale de 1986, bem como o Prêmio Especial do Júri no Festival Internacional de Cinema de Istambul de 1987.

Recepção
Paul Attanasio, crítico de cinema do The Washington Post, escreveu que Caravaggio "é menos um filme do que um ato de vandalismo, narrando a vida do influente pintor renascentista através das lentes da obsessão sexual imaginária e uma variedade de efeitos modernistas. (...) Sua falta de jeito faz "Caravaggio" parecer menos um tributo do que uma tentativa de assassinato bizarra e estranhamente irritante".

Rouven Linnarz, do site alemão Filmrezensionen, opina que Caravaggio "é uma mistura de drama e retrato artístico, com o diretor Derek Jarman seguindo seu próprio caminho. Com uma abordagem muito focada e graças aos seus grandes atores, é um filme fascinante sobre um artista que viveu intensamente e cheio de paixão, mas que esteve sempre à beira de definhar". Linnarz também destacou o trabalho do diretor de fotografia Gabriel Beristan, observando que "Caravaggio é, portanto, diferente do drama de época que se esperaria de tal premissa, mas também muito mais intenso, como as cores das pinturas do famoso pintor".

Luis Fernando Galván aponta que "Jarman contextualiza um artista histórico para mostrar os preconceitos que obrigam a comunidade homossexual a viver no escuro em espaços claustrofóbicos para esconder suas preferências e sentimentos (...) O realizador centra-se em "A Paixão" de Caravaggio, que do seu leito de morte e delírio de febre recorda a sua vida, os seus amores e as suas obsessões, que ecoam as preocupações pessoais do realizador britânico: as interligações entre sexualidade, política, comércio e arte. Todos eles constituem uma primeira, talvez inédita, reflexão de um artista gay sobre as possibilidades e limitações que sua geração enfrentou".

Christina Scherer e Guntram Vogt destacam um motivo recorrente na trama: "a faca com o lema gravado: 'Nec spe nec metu''' — Não espere, não tema — que o jovem pintor adquiriu como pagamento. Jerusaleme brinca com essa faca na sequência inicial, Caravaggio luta com essa faca nos bares, com essa faca ele mata Ranuccio. No final de sua vida, ele coloca esta faca contra a cruz cristã em um suspiro desesperado. A faca é o símbolo da rigidez, da coragem, do amor apaixonado e obsessivo, mas também da dureza e violência da morte".

Wolfgang Limmer, crítico de cinema da Der Spiegel, não considera o filme um sucesso: "De vez em quando você pode ouvir o apito de uma locomotiva a vapor ao longe. Num bar fizeram um chapéu de papel da Unita. Um clérigo puxa uma calculadora de ouro, um inimigo do pintor digita um discurso em uma velha máquina de escrever como Marat enquanto está sentado na banheira e, finalmente, Caravaggio conserta uma motocicleta enferrujada. Jarman deve ter pensado em algo [com ele], provavelmente algo universal. Eu não senti nada".

 Marco histórico e legado
No mesmo ano da estreia de Caravaggio, Jarman soube de sua infecção pelo HIV. Ele reagiu ao Artigo 28 do governo de Margaret Thatcher em 1988 (proibição da promoção da homossexualidade em contextos públicos) com um maior tratamento do tema em seus filmes.

Enquanto Jarman continuou a trabalhar à margem da indústria cinematográfica britânica até sua morte aos 52 anos em 1994, esta produção de baixo orçamento lançou as carreiras cinematográficas de Swinton, Bean, a figurinista Sandy Powell e o diretor de fotografia Gabriel Beristain, que se tornaram regulares de Hollywood.

 Bibliografia

 Stephen Farthing/Ed Webb-Ingall (editor): Derek Jarman. Skizzenbucher'' . Deutscher Kunstverlag 2013.

Filmes com temática LGBT do Reino Unido
Filmes biográficos sobre pessoas LGBT
Filmes do Reino Unido de 1986
Filmes dirigidos por Derek Jarman
Cinebiografias de artistas
Caravaggio

Caravaggio (filme)


John Macvicar Anderson (, Glasgow - , Londres) est un architecte écossais.

Biographie
Il est né à Glasgow en 1835, fils de John Anderson, marchand et neveu de l'architecte William Burn et de sa femme, Eliza Macvicar. Il fait ses études à la Collegiate School et à l'Université de Glasgow, puis déménage à Londres pour terminer ses études avec son oncle. Il est admis ARIBA (Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects) le 19 décembre 1864 .

En 1868 ou vers 1868, Burn le prend comme associé et lorsque Burn meurt le 15 février 1870, Anderson reprend le cabinet et la maison de Burn au 6 Stratton Street Piccadilly. Bien qu'il ait conçu la Sailors Home à Bombay en 1869, Anderson se spécialise dans la maison de campagne et poursuit la pratique de Burn, mais à partir du début des années 1880, il accepte un plus large éventail d'activités commerciales et ecclésiastiques, en particulier de clients écossais, notamment l'église St Columba à Pont Street, Londres dont il est membre, le siège du London Scottish, des Christie's Galleries, de King Street, de la Lloyd's Bank, de la Coutts Bank et de la British Linen Bank dont il conçoit le bureau de Threadneedle Street jusqu'en 1913.

Il est président de l'Institut royal des architectes britanniques en 1891-1894. Il est également architecte honoraire du Royal Scottish Hospital et du Royal Caledonian Asylum.

Il meurt à Stratton Street le 9 juin 1915. Il épouse Janet Crum de Thornliebank, en Écosse et a trois fils. Sa pratique est poursuivie par son deuxième fils, Henry Lennox Anderson, né en 1894, qui étudie à l'Architectural Association et est associé en 1905.

Références

Liens externes

Président du Royal Institute of British Architects
Membre de la Royal Society of Edinburgh
Étudiant de l'université de Glasgow
Architecte écossais
Décès en juin 1915
Naissance en juillet 1835
Décès à 79 ans

John Macvicar Anderson


L'ambassade de Guinée au Koweït est la principale représentation diplomatique de la république de Guinée au Koweït.

Histoire

Consulat

Liste des ambassadeurs
Les ambassadeurs de Guinée au Koweït ont été successivement.

Références

Koweït
Guinée

Ambassade de Guinée au Koweït


උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව පිළිබද අධ්‍යයනය

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව අංශ 06 ක් යටතේ අධ්‍යයනය කළ හැකිය. ඒ සියල්ල නැවත අංශක දෙකකට බෙදන අතර අංශ දෙකක අලංකරණය සහ පරිභෝජනය සඳහා උද්‍යාන පලාලනය ලෙසයි.

·	වෘක්ෂලතා අධ්‍යයනය - වෘක්ෂලතා තෝරා ගැනීම, පැලකිරීම, සාත්තු කිරීම (රැක බලා ගැනීම), තනි ගස් ඉවත් කිරීම, පදුරු වැල් හා වාර්ෂික වෘක්ෂලතා පිළිබඳ අධ්‍යයනය

·	මල් වගාව පිළිබද අධ්‍යයනය - වෙළද පොළ සඳහා මල් වගාව

·	වන වගාව සඳහා භූමි (සැලැස්ම) - භූමි සැකැස්ම සඳහා අවශ්‍ය පැලෑම් වර්ධනය, වෙළඳ පොළ හා වෙළඳ පොළ පවත්වා ගෙන යාම.

·	එළවළු වගාව - වෙළඳ පොළ අරමුණු කොට එලවළු වගාව

·	පලතුරු වගාව - වෙළඳ පොළ සඳහා  පලතුරු වගාව

·	බෝග වගාවේ ගුණාත්මක බව පිළිබඳ අධ්‍යයනය - ගුනාත්මක බව පවත්වා ගෙන යාම හා නරක් වීම වලක්වා ගැනීම පිණිස.

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාඥයින්ට නිෂ්පාදන ආයතනයන්හි, රාජ්‍ය ආයතන වල, අධ්‍යාපනික ආයතන හා පෞද්ගලික ආයතනයන්හි සේවය කල හැකිය. ඔවුන්ගේ සේවාවන් යාන්ත්‍රික ශිල්පීන් තොග හා සිල්ලර බෝග නිෂ්පාදකයින්, බෝග පරීක්ෂකයින්, ව්‍යාප්ති විශේෂඥයින් බෝග වැවිලි කරුවන්, පරීක්ෂණ නිළධාරීන් හා දේශකයන් ලෙස කටයුතු කල හැකිය.

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව විෂයට සම්බන්ධ විෂයන් අතර, ජීව විද්‍යාව උද්භිද විද්‍යාව, රසායන විද්‍යාව, ගණිතය, ජාන විද්‍යාව , භෞතික විද්‍යාව සංඛ්‍යානය, පරිගණක විද්‍යාව , ජන සංන්නිවේදනය, ගෙවතු සැළසුම් හා වගා සැළසුම්ය. වන වගා විද්‍යාව හා උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව යන විෂයට ඇතුළත් වන්නේ, ශාඛ වර්ග, ශාඛ ප්‍රවර්ධනය, පටක සංවර්ධනය, බෝග නිෂ්පාදනයෙන් පසු අස්වනු මෙහෙය වීම., ශාඛ බෝ කිරීම, පරාගණ කළමණාකරණය, බෝග පෝෂණය, ශාඛ වලට බලපාන පරපෝෂි විද්‍යාව, ආර්ථික විද්‍යාව හා වෙළදාමය. උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාවේ සමහර තනතුරු හා රැකියා අවස්ථා සඳහා ආචාර්යය හෝ මාහාචාර්යය උපාධියක් අවශ්‍යය.

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව කුඩා ගෙවතු වල සේම පැල තවාන් වලද සිදු කරයි. පැල තවාන් වල කාර්යන් බීජ නිෂ්පාදනයේ සිට හොඳින් වැඩුණු ශාක කප්පාදුව දක්වා විහිදේ. මෙසේ පිළියෙල කරගත් මෙම බීජ හා අතු අලංකරණ ගෙවතු වගා හා වෙළද පොළ සඳහා ගෙවතු වගා කරන ප්‍රදේශයන්ට ප්‍රවාහනය හා බෙදාහැරීම සිදු කරයි.

උද්‍යානභෝග විද්‍යාව හා මානව විද්‍යාව

උද්‍යාන‍භෝග විද්‍යාවේ (පාලනයේ) මුල් ආරම්භය දඩයම් යුගයේ සිට ගොවි යුගයටත් තමා ජීවත්වන පරිසරයේ හෝ යම් අවස්ථ‍ාවල ඉන් ඔබ්බටත් කළ වගාවන් දක්වා දිවේ. උදාහරණ:- ඉරිඟු වගාව - මෙසෝ ඇමරිකන් ශිෂ්ටාචාරය.

කැලෑ ආශ්‍රීතව කරන ලද බෝග වගාවන් කැලෑව කපා දැමීමෙන් හෝ ගිනිතැබීමෙන් කරන ලදී. මෙම කෘෂිකාර්මික ජන සමාජයේ විශේෂත්වය වූයේ ඔවුන් පරිසරයට ප්‍රයෝජනවත් ගස්වැල් සිටුවීම හා පරිසරයේ පැවැත්මට අවශ්‍යය ගස්වැල් නිරතුරුවම ආරක්ෂා කිරීමයි.

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව හා කෘෂි විද්‍යාව වෙනස් වන්නේ බෝග හා බෝග වගාව සඳහා භාවිතා කරනු ලබන බිම් ප්‍රමාණය අනුවය. ඒ අනුව උද්‍යානභෝග විද්‍යාවේදී විශාල බිම් ප්‍රමාණයක තනි වගාවක් වෙනුවට මිශ්‍ර වගාවන්ද සිදු කරයි. මේ සඳහා පලතුරු සහිතව විවිධ භෝග යොදා ගනී.

උදාහරණ:- ගොවි යුගයට පෙර උතුරු ඇමරිකා හා නැගෙනහිර වනගත පෙදෙස්වල මිනිසුන් එම ප්‍රදේශවල බඩඉරිඟු හා squash වගාව අතර සූර්ය කාන්ත මල් වගාවද සිදු කෙරුණි.මෙම වගා ක්‍රමය තැනිතලාවන්හි එඬේර යුගයේදී කෙරුණූ වගාවන්ට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධවය.

මධ්‍යම ඇමරිකාවේ මායා ශිෂ්ටාචාරයේ කෙරු‍ෙණ් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් ගස්වැල්වලින් කැලෑව සරුකිරීමයි. උදාහරණ:- පැපොල්, අලිගැටපේර, සැපදිල්ලා, හා කොකෝවා ආදී වගාවන් කැලෑ ප්‍රදේශය ආශ්‍රීතව වගා කෙරුණි. එසේම ධාන්‍යය වගා බිම්වල බහුබෝග වගාව සිදුකෙරුණි.

උදාහරණ:- ධාන්‍යය බිම්වල බෝංචි, squash, වට්ටක්කා හා මිරිස්  වගාව කෙරුණු අතර මෙහිලා කාන්තාවන්ගේ සහභාගිත්වය ඉතා කැපී පෙනෙන ලෙස තිබුණි.
ල් ආරම්භය දඩයම් යුගයේ සිට ගොවි යුගයටත් තමා ජීවත්වන පරිසරයේ හෝ යම් අවස්ථ‍ාවල ඉන් ඔබ්බටත් කළ වගාවන් දක්වා දිවේ. උදාහරණ:- ඉරිඟු වගාව - මෙසෝ ඇමරිකන් ශිෂ්ටාචාරය.

කැලෑ ආශ්‍රීතව කරන ලද බෝග වගාවන් කැලෑව කපා දැමීමෙන් හෝ ගිනිතැබීමෙන් කරන ලදී. මෙම කෘෂිකාර්මික ජන සමාජයේ විශේෂත්වය වූයේ ඔවුන් පරිසරයට ප්‍රයෝජනවත් ගස්වැල් සිටුවීම හා පරිසරයේ පැවැත්මට අවශ්‍යය ගස්වැල් නිරතුරුවම ආරක්ෂා කිරීමයි.

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව හා කෘෂි විද්‍යාව වෙනස් වන්නේ බෝග හා බෝග වගාව සඳහා භාවිතා කරනු ලබන බිම් ප්‍රමාණය අනුවය. ඒ අනුව උද්‍යානභෝග විද්‍යාවේදී විශාල බිම් ප්‍රමාණයක තනි වගාවක් වෙනුවට මිශ්‍ර වගාවන්ද සිදු කරයි. මේ සඳහා පලතුරු සහිතව විවිධ භෝග යොදා ගනී.

උදාහරණ:- ගොවි යුගයට පෙර උතුරු ඇමරිකා හා නැගෙනහිර වනගත පෙදෙස්වල මිනිසුන් එම ප්‍රදේශවල බඩඉරිඟු හා squash වගාව අතර සූර්ය කාන්ත මල් වගාවද සිදු කෙරුණි.මෙම වගා ක්‍රමය තැනිතලාවන්හි එඬේර යුගයේදී කෙරුණූ වගාවන්ට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධවය.

මධ්‍යම ඇමරිකාවේ මායා ශිෂ්ටාචාරයේ කෙරු‍ෙණ් ප්‍රයෝජනවත් ගස්වැල්වලින් කැලෑව සරුකිරීමයි. උදාහරණ:- පැපොල්, අලිගැටපේර, සැපදිල්ලා, හා කොකෝවා ආදී වගාවන් කැලෑ ප්‍රදේශය ආශ්‍රීතව වගා කෙරුණි. එසේම ධාන්‍යය වගා බිම්වල බහුබෝග වගාව සිදුකෙරුණි.

උදාහරණ:- ධාන්‍යය බිම්වල බෝංචි, squash, වට්ටක්කා හා මිරිස් වගාව කෙරුණු අතර මෙහිලා කාන්තාවන්ගේ සහභාගිත්වය ඉතා කැපී පෙනෙන ලෙස තිබුණි.

ගැලරිය

මේවාද බලන්න
උද්භිද විද්‍යාව
ගෙවතු වගාව

මූලාශ්‍ර

සටහන්

Bibliography
Principles of Horticulture, C K Adams, Butterworth-Heinemann; 5 edition (11 Aug 2008), ISBN 0750686944

බාහිර සබැදි
The CultureSheet Project - an online encyclopedia of horticulture
British Library - finding information on the horticulture industry
History of Horticulture
HORTIVAR - The FAO Horticulture Cultivars Performance Database
Global Horticulture Initiative - GlobalHort
ISHS - International Society for Horticultural Science
Soil & Plant Relationships

කෘෂිකර්මය
ව්‍යවහාරික විද්‍යා
ජීව විද්‍යාව

උද්‍යාන විද්‍යාව


An Geoblasta penicillata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Frederico Carlos Hoehne och Maevia Noemi Correa. An Geoblasta penicillata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Geoblasta, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Geoblasta

Geoblasta penicillata


Romeo James Beckham (born 1 September 2002) is an English footballer who plays as a forward for Brentford B. He is the son of former footballer David Beckham and fashion designer and Spice Girls member Victoria Beckham.

Early life
Beckham was born in Portland Hospital in the City of Westminster, London. He is the son of the former England international captain David Beckham and the singer-turned-fashion designer Victoria Beckham. His brothers, Brooklyn and Cruz, also played football with him for Arsenal, however, both were released from the club's youth system. He remains an Arsenal supporter. He attended Wetherby School in London and, then, Millfield School in Street, Somerset.

In 2014, Beckham joined Arsenal's Academy but was released the following year. After his release, he admitted that he no longer wished to pursue a career in football, instead taking up tennis training with Andy Murray. However, in 2020, Beckham announced that he was looking to return to football after a five-year absence. In support of the decision, his father replaced the tennis court he had previously built at the family home with a football pitch.

Club career
In September 2021, after turning 19, Beckham joined USL League One club Fort Lauderdale CF (renamed Inter Miami II in 2022), the reserve affiliate of his father's Major League Soccer club Inter Miami. This came after he had been seen training with the Inter Miami team in February. On 19 September, Beckham made his professional debut in a 2–2 draw against Tormenta FC. In that match, he appeared alongside Harvey Neville, the son of his father's former Manchester United teammate Phil Neville. On 26 January 2022, Beckham made his non-competitive senior debut for Inter Miami during a 4–0 pre-season win against Club Universitario de Deportes.

In October 2022, Beckham began training in England with Brentford B, who he joined in January 2023 on a six-month loan. He made his debut four days later, coming on as a second-half sub in a London Senior Cup game against Erith & Belvedere at Park View Road. He scored his first goal on 14 February 2023, in a Middlesex Senior Cup game against Wealdstone, scoring a 93rd minute winning goal in a 3-2 victory. In May 2023, Beckham was part of the Brentford B squad that won the 2022–23 Premier League Cup, although he was an unused substitute in the cup final. He made 15 appearances for Brentford B during the 2022-23 season. At the conclusion of his loan, he signed a permanent one-year contract with Brentford B.

Personal life
In 2019, Beckham made his relationship with model Mia Regan official via his Instagram account. They allegedly split after three years of dating in the summer of 2022, but got back together later that year.

Career statistics

Notes

References

2002 births
Living people
Footballers from Greater London
English men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Arsenal F.C. players
Inter Miami CF II players
USL League One players
English people of Jewish descent
English people of German descent
English expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
People educated at Millfield
People educated at Wetherby School
English expatriate sportspeople in the United States
David Beckham
Victoria Beckham
MLS Next Pro players
Brentford F.C. players

Romeo Beckham


Ramón Garriga Alemany (Barcelone, 1908 – ibidem, 1994) était un journaliste, auteur et historien espagnol.

À l'éclatement de la Guerre civile, il se rangea dans le camp nationaliste et fut placé en 1938 à la tête de l'office de presse de l'État franquiste naissant. À l'issue de la guerre mondiale, il s'exila et ne revint pas en Espagne avant la décennie 1970. Il est l'auteur d'ouvrages sur des personnalités marquantes du régime de Franco ou de l'entourage immédiat de celui-ci.

Biographie
Né en 1908 à Barcelone, Ramón Garriga Alemany s'engagea aux côtés des militaires insurgés pendant la Guerre civile, et fut désigné en 1938 à la tête du Service national de la Presse (Servicio Nacional de Prensa, créé peu auparavant), auquel titre il eut également à contrôler l'activité des correspondants étrangers en Espagne. Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, il travailla jusqu'en 1945 comme correspondant de presse à Berlin, en Allemagne nazie, puis préféra s'exiler en Argentine, d'où il ne retournera en Espagne que dans les années 1970.

En 1976, il se vit décerner le prix Espejo de España pour son ouvrage Juan March y su tiempo, biographie du financier baléare Juan March. Il est par ailleurs l'auteur de plusieurs livres et essais en rapport avec la Guerre civile espagnole, la dictature franquiste et la Seconde Guerre mondiale, dont notamment Las relaciones secretas entre Franco y Hitler, traitant des relations diplomatiques entre les régímes d'Adolf Hitler et de Francisco Franco, La Legión Cóndor, sur le rôle de l'aviation nazie dans la Guerre civile, ou La España de Franco. De la División Azul al pacto con los Estados Unidos (1943 a 1951), dans lequel il soutenait la thèse de la « foi aveugle de Franco en la victoire allemande ». Dans le même domaine, on lui doit une série de monographies sur des personnalités du proche entourage du Caudillo, telles que l'épouse de celui-ci, Carmen Polo, ses frères Ramón et Nicolás, ou son beau-frère Ramón Serrano Súñer, en plus de celles sur le général Juan Yagüe et le cardinal archevêque de Séville Pedro Segura.

Il est décédé dans sa ville natale le . Il était l'oncle de l'écrivain Eduardo Mendoza.

Œuvre
  (littér. Le Crépuscule des dieux nazis ; rééd. 1980 aux éd. Planeta).
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .
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Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .
 .
 .

Liens externes

Historien espagnol
Journaliste espagnol
Naissance en octobre 1908
Naissance à Barcelone
Décès en septembre 1994
Décès à Barcelone
Décès à 86 ans

Ramón Garriga Alemany


جاك أدام دريالسما  هو سياسي سورينامي، ليس له أي اٍنتماء حزبي. تولى منصب وزير أول في الفترة ما بين 5 أفريل 1951 و4 جوان 1951.

مراجع

رؤساء حكومات سجنوا لاحقا
رؤساء وزراء سورينام
سياسيون أدينوا بالاختلاس
سياسيون سوريناميون
سياسيون من أمستردام
ضباط من وسام عائلة أوراني - ناساو
مجرمون سوريناميون
محامون سوريناميون
محامون من أمستردام
وزراء سورينام
وزراء مالية سورينام
وفيات 1974
محامون سوريناميون في القرن 20

جاك أدام دريالسما


Intermezzo pentru o dragoste eternă este un film românesc din 1974 regizat de Ion Popescu Gopo.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1974 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1974

Intermezzo pentru o dragoste eternă


Philip Kiprono Langat (* 1990) ist ein kenianischer Langstreckenläufer, der sich auf Straßenläufe spezialisiert hat.

Jeweils Zweiter wurde er beim Cremona-Halbmarathon 2010 und beim Venloop 2011. Im Juni 2011 siegte er beim Oelder Citylauf und bei den 10 km von Groesbeek. Einem fünften Platz beim Zwolle-Halbmarathon folgten Siege beim Singelloop Utrecht, beim Bredase Singelloop und beim Montferland Run.

Persönliche Bestzeiten

 10-km-Straßenlauf: 27:28 min, 25. September 2011, Utrecht
 15-km-Straßenlauf: 42:26 min, 2. Dezember 2012, 's-Heerenberg
 Halbmarathon: 1:01:05 h, 7. Oktober 2012, Breda

Weblinks

Fußnoten

Langstreckenläufer (Kenia)
Kenianer
Geboren 1990
Mann

Philip Kiprono Langat


කොල්කටා ටීවී යනු පැය 24 පුරාම විකාශය වන, ඉන්දියාව පදනම් කොට ගත් බෙංගාලි පුවත් නාලිකාවකි. නාලිකාවේ මූලස්ථානය බටහිර බෙංගාලයේ, කොල්කටා හී පිහිටුවා තිබෙයි.

දේශීය සහ ජාත්‍යන්තර ප්‍රවෘත්ති ඉදිරිපත් කිරීම, පුවත් විමසීම හැරුණු විට වෙනත් විවිධ වැඩසටහන්ද මෙම නාලිකාව තුල විකාශය වෙයි. වර්ථමානයේ කොල්කටා ටීවී, ටීවී9 සමග සංධානගතව ක්‍රියාත්මක වෙයි.

ඉතිහාසය
කොල්කටා ටීවී නාලිකාව 2006 වර්ෂයේදී SST Media සමාගම විසින් දියත් කරන ලදී.

මේවාද බලන්න
 ජාත්‍යන්තර ප්‍රවෘත්ති නාලිකා

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැදි
official website

ඉන්දියාවේ රූපවාහිනී නාලිකා

කොල්කටා ටීවී


Löptin Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Plön iline bağlı belediye. 9,08 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Aralık 2015 itibarıyla yaklaşık 294 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kilometrekare başına yaklaşık 32 kişilik bir nüfus yoğunluğuna sahiptir. Belediye Başkanlığı Uwe Mewes tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 http://www.loeptin.de

Kaynakça

Plön iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Löptin


Chavannes may refer to:

In France
Chavannes, Cher, in the Cher department
Chavannes, Drôme, in the Drôme department
Chavannes-les-Grands, in the Territoire de Belfort department
Chavannes-sur-l'Étang, in the Haut-Rhin department
Chavannes-sur-Reyssouze, in the Ain department
Chavannes-sur-Suran, in the Ain department

In Switzerland
Chavannes-de-Bogis, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes-des-Bois, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes-le-Chêne, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes-les-Forts, in the municipality of Siviriez, canton of Fribourg
Chavannes-le-Veyron, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes-près-Renens, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes-sur-Moudon, in the canton of Vaud
Chavannes, Berne, in the municipality of  La Neuveville, canton of Berne

Surname
Celina Caesar-Chavannes, Canadian politician
Édouard Chavannes, French sinologist
Fernand Henri Chavannes (1897-1985), French World War I flying ace
Jean-Baptiste Chavannes, Haitian revolutionary
Jean-Baptiste Chavannes (agronomist), Haitian agronomist
Marc Chavannes, Dutch professor for journalism
Charles de Chavannes, French colonial administrator and author
Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, French artist

See also
La Chavanne, Savoie, France

Chavannes


The Richard and Rhoda Goldman School of Public Policy, or the Goldman School of Public Policy (GSPP), is a public policy school and one of fourteen schools and colleges at the University of California, Berkeley. Originally named the Graduate School of Public Policy, it was founded in 1969 as one of the first public policy institutions in the United States. In 2016, the Goldman School was ranked as the #1 public policy graduate program in the country by U.S. News & World Report.

History
The Graduate School was renamed after the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund donated $10 million in 1997. As of August 2016, the dean is Henry E. Brady. The first dean was political scientist Aaron Wildavsky.

The building was originally designed by Ernest Coxhead in 1893 as the Beta Theta Pi fraternity house.  It is located on the historic north side of the Berkeley campus.  The building underwent seismic strengthening and received a Preservation Award from the Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association (BAHA).

The main component of the school's graduate curriculum is the two-year Master of Public Policy (MPP) program. The curriculum includes core courses that provide a foundation in subjects ranging from political elements of the decision-making process and legal analysis to such specific analytic tools and concepts as microeconomic theory and statistical modeling. The curriculum also includes five electives, taken either at GSPP or elsewhere at Berkeley.

Students work at a summer policy internship between their first and second years and complete an analysis, in groups and individually, during the spring semester of each year. Locally- and nationally-known policy professionals, provide perspective and guidance to students.

GSPP offers a Master of Public Policy degree, a Master of Public Affairs degree for mid-career professionals,and Master of Development Practice (MDP) degree and a Ph.D. in Public Policy for those interested in furthering research in public policy methods. Though it does not award bachelor's degrees, it offers a minor program for undergraduates.

Notable faculty

See also
 Goldman Environmental Prize
 Cloyne Court Hotel

References

External links

University of California, Berkeley
Public policy schools
1969 establishments in California
Educational institutions established in 1969

Goldman School of Public Policy


Kurdzhinovo  es un selo del raión de Urup de la república de Karacháyevo-Cherkesia, en el sur de Rusia. Está situado en la orilla izquierda del río Bolshaya Labá, constituyente del Labá, frente a Psemen, 20 km al oeste de Pregradnaya y 91 km al suroeste de Cherkesk, la capital de la república. Tenía una población de 4 216 habitantes en 2002.

Es cabeza del municipio Kurdzhinovskoye, al que pertenecen asimismo Aziatski, Psemen y Rozhkao.

Historia

La localidad fue fundada en 1934 y formaba parte del raión de Mostovskói del krai de Krasnodar. En 1953 pasó al raión de Psebai y en 1957 al reconstituido Óblast Autónomo Karachái-Cherkeso del krai de Stávropol.

Educación y cultura

El pueblo cuenta con dos escuelas secundarias, un hospital, una iglesia, un centro cultural y una panadería. En la época soviética, existía una fábrica de muebles.

Enlaces externos y referencias

Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth y el mapa de Rusia de Yandex.ru, accesible desde los enlaces de .
Este artículo es una traducción parcial de su correspondiente en la edición en ruso de Wikipedia, Курджиново.
Sitio web de la localidad .

Localidades de Karacháyevo-Cherkesia

Kurdzhinovo


Towson University (TU or Towson) is a public university in Towson, Maryland. Founded in 1866 as Maryland's first training school for teachers, Towson University is a part of the University System of Maryland. Since its founding, the university has evolved into eight subsidiary colleges with over 20,000 students. Its 329-acre campus is situated in Baltimore County, Maryland eight miles north of downtown Baltimore.  Towson is one of the largest public universities in Maryland and still produces the most teachers of any university in the state.

History

Maryland State Normal School

The General Assembly of Maryland established what would eventually become Towson University in 1865, with the allocation of funds directed toward Maryland's first teacher-training school, or then called "normal school" (term used from a new French tradition). On January 15, 1866, this institution, known then as the "Maryland State Normal School" (M.S.N.S.), officially opened its doors as part of the substantial modern educational reforms prescribed by the Unionist/Radical Republican Party-dominated Maryland Constitution of 1864 of the Civil War-era state government, which provided for a new state superintendent of public instruction and a Board of Education to be appointed to advise and supervise the counties, in addition to the already progressive public educational system previously established in 1829 in Baltimore City. Located then at Red Man's Hall on North Paca Street in Baltimore, the new teachers' school originally enrolled eleven students and fostered three faculty members. McFadden Alexander Newell served as the school's first principal as well as the State Superintendent of Public Instruction and oversaw the first graduating class of sixteen students in June 1866.

As time passed, the enrollment in the school grew exponentially. The State Normal School soon quickly outgrew its temporary facilities in Red Man's Hall on Paca Street and moved to another temporary location in 1873 on the northeast corner of North Charles and East Franklin Streets, in the former William Howard Greek Revival mansion (son of famous American Revolutionary War Col. John Eager Howard of the famous "Maryland Line" in the Continental Army who owned most of the land north of Baltimore Town as his estate of "Belvidere" or "Howard's Woods"), and his family was now starting to develop and lay out city streets. The landmark mansion, (across the street from the First Unitarian Church of Baltimore), which later was known as the Union Club by 1863 and later became the Athenaeum Club. The following year, the General Assembly appropriated money to construct an exclusive building to house the burgeoning school. In 1876, the Normal School moved its faculty and 206 students to this new landmark facility located in West Baltimore facing Lafayette Square on Carrollton and Lafayette Avenues.

Move to Towson

The demand for qualified teachers became overwhelming by the turn of the century. The Maryland Department of Education reported an annual need for 350 new teachers, but the Maryland State Normal School was graduating fewer than 100. The facilities in West Baltimore were now inadequate to meet state demands. Principal Sarah Richmond, one of the original eleven graduates, began a campaign to establish a campus where the school could function more appropriately. In 1910, the General Assembly formed a committee to oversee site selection, budget, and design plans for the new campus. John Charles Linthicum was appointed president of the committee, alongside State Superintendent M. Bates Stephens and Sarah Richmond. The committee surveyed locations at Roland Park, Lutherville-Timonium, Mount Washington, Pimlico, Glencoe, and many other areas. Eventually, the committee settled on an  site in Towson and the General Assembly financed the $600,000 move in 1912. Construction began in 1913 on the Administration Building, now known as Stephens Hall. In September 1915, the new campus, comprising Stephens Hall, Newell Hall, and the power plant, began classes.

Expansions and name changes
In 1934, the state decreed that new public school teachers must have baccalaureate degrees instead of two-year teaching certificates, and the school retooled its curriculum to issue Bachelor of Science degrees. The following year, the school changed its name to Maryland State Teachers College at Towson. As the name implied, the college's single purpose was to train teachers. In 1946, however, the institution established a junior college to offer two years of college work on a transfer basis. This expansion laid the foundation of what was later to become the art and sciences program. In 1958, the college offered its first graduate program leading to a Master of Education degree. In 1960, the college expanded the art and science programs into four-year courses and began awarding bachelor's degrees in these fields. Due to this change in focus, the name changed once more to Towson State College.

Beginning in 1964, the college enrollment rates began a dramatic increase as the baby boomer generation began applying to colleges. Within a decade, Towson State's enrollment climbed from 3,537 to 13,399. This expansion led to the construction of the Center for the Arts, University Union, Cook Library, and many other new facilities. Under the presidency of James L. Fisher, the college expanded the courses offered to meet the demands of the growing student body. In 1976, the school's name changed again to Towson State University.

Towson joined 10 other public institutions in 1988 in the newly created University System of Maryland. Previously, Towson had been a member of the State University and College System of Maryland with five other public institutions across the state.

Towson dropped the designation "state" from its name and became Towson University on July 1, 1997. The new name recognized shifts in funding and the development and growth of Towson as a metropolitan university.

Gallery

Academics

Towson University is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and the Maryland State Department of Education. For the Fall 2010 freshmen class, Towson accepted about 57% of their applicants. The average grade point average was a 3.45 and the middle 50% of matriculating students had ACT composite scores between 21 and 25. Towson educates undergraduate and graduate students in thirty academic departments which are subdivided into eight colleges:

 College of Business and Economics
 College of Education
 College of Health Professions
 College of Liberal Arts
 Jess and Mildred Fisher College of Science and Mathematics
 Towson University Honors College
 College of Graduate Studies and Research
 Towson University College of Fine Arts and Communication
 Includes departments for Art; Dance; Electronic Media and Film; Mass Communication; Communication Studies; and Performing Arts.  The college's performing arts programs provide Music and Theatre Arts and dance performances on and off campus. The college is home to the Asian Arts & Culture Center.

Programs
The university provides 110 undergraduate majors, and more than 80 graduate degrees and certifications.  Once students have determined a program of study, they become a member of the academic college administering the program.

Towson's gerontology program is one of only 100 such undergraduate programs offered in the United States.

Enrollment
More than 20,000 full-time and part-time students are enrolled in the university. Their numbers include over 800 international students from 100 nations. There are more than 17,000 undergraduates; approximately 32% are non-white. Also, in 2006 Towson achieved more enrollment in its business school than any other college in the state of Maryland.

In terms of demographics, the student population of Towson University is 60% female; and 51% White and 25% Black or African American.

Student life

Housing
Around 74% of the freshman class, and over 5,000 students among all four classes, reside on campus. The university has 16 residence halls, which include apartment complexes, modern high-rise towers, and more traditional two- and three-story residential buildings. Students can also choose from 10 Residential Learning Communities. While on campus, students have access to a counseling center, an academic advising center, a health center, and a career center.

Transportation
TU has its own on campus shuttle system that operates free of charge to students. The on-campus shuttle travels to most sections of the school, while the off-campus shuttles travel to housing complexes (The Fairways at Towson, University Village, The Colony, Donnybrook) that students live in that are on the outskirts of the campus. There is also direct access to the MTA Maryland buses with services connecting to the light rail.

Campus police
The Towson University Police Department (TUPD) is the primary law enforcement agency servicing the students, faculty, and visitors within the campus limits and adjacent streets and roadways. The TUPD is aided by the Baltimore County Police Department as directed by authority. The current chief of police is Charles "Joe" Herring.  The TUPD is divided into several units such as the Patrol Unit and the Community Crime Reduction Unit. It also includes emergency communications.

Campus

Campus Master Plan
As a response to the University System of Maryland's (USM) desire for Towson University to grow its enrollment, a new Campus Master Plan was developed for the university and approved by the USM board of regents in December 2003. The university found that in the past, it has been guided by master plans that focused inward, resulting in disjointed campus development that was disconnected from the larger Towson community.

The resulting vision, called TU:2010. addresses both University System of Maryland requirements and community concerns. It contains over 70 specific initiatives that range from growing diversity to increasing student involvement in service learning projects. Perhaps its most visible development is the creation of academic and student life buildings, as well as roads, parking, utilities, and landscapes to support those buildings.

As part of this vision, Towson's campus is undergoing many construction projects set into different phases with staggered completion dates.

Campus sustainability
In 2007, the university signed onto the American College and Universities Presidents' Climate Commitment, pledging to become carbon neutral by 2050.  The institution has achieved a 48% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.  The university boast a 44% recycling rate, trayless and strawless dining, 4000 solar panels, 36 E/V charging stations, three green roofs and two bikeshares.

Athletics

The Towson Tigers, formerly the Towson College Knights, are the athletics teams of Towson University. All of the major athletic teams compete in the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) with 20 Division I athletic teams (13 in women's sports, 7 in men's sports).

Under the leadership of President Bob Caret the university placed a greater emphasis on the athletics program.  In September 2010 Caret hired a new director of athletics, Michael P. Waddell, who had significant program building experience at the highest levels of college sports and led the Tigers to unprecedented success during his three years at the helm, including eleven (11) CAA Regular Season & Tournament Championships. Waddell left Towson in 2013 for the University of Arkansas and was replaced by Tim Leonard.

Towson University offers the most comprehensive sports program in the metropolitan Baltimore area, fielding 20 varsity teams that compete in the Colonial Athletic Association. Since joining the league in 2001–02, the Tigers have won CAA titles in men's and women's lacrosse, men's swimming, women's swimming, men's soccer, men's golf, baseball, track & field and football. During an athletics history that traces its roots to the 1920s, Towson has sent teams and individual student-athletes to NCAA post-season competition in baseball, basketball, football, golf, gymnastics, lacrosse, soccer, swimming, track & field and volleyball.

Eleven Tigers have been named CAA Scholar-Athlete Award Winners for their respective sports, including the 2010 cross country recipient, Brandi Gervais, a senior Biology/Pre-Dentistry Major with a perfect 4.0 GPA. A number of student-athletes have gone on to enjoy professional careers, including Jermon Bushrod, the starting left offensive tackle for the 2009 Super Bowl Champion New Orleans Saints; former Major League Baseball outfielder Casper Wells; and former National Basketball Association shooting guard Gary Neal.

Towson Tiger

Before the 1960s, the name of the sports teams at Towson were known as the "Towson College Knights". Towson student John Schuerholz pushed for a new mascot, and the tiger was officially adopted in 1962. Schuerholz later became general manager and then president of the Atlanta Braves. The university's present baseball complex is named in his honor.

According to school newspaper The Towerlight, when the Student Government Association first bought the tiger statue that sits outside Cook Library in 1996, the organization hoped to boost school spirit. Instead, it became subject to vandalism and disrepair. In March 2006, after several acts of vandalism, the statue was completely removed from in front of the library.

In September 2006, the Towerlight reported that a new bronze tiger statue had been unveiled as the centerpiece of the university's "Capital Campaign" to raise $50 million. The primary difference between the new statue and previous one is that the new one is made of bronze and all of the legs are on the ground and the tail is wrapped around its legs rather than raised, so it won't get damaged by vandals.

The new statue is outside Stephens Hall and was unveiled on February 8, 2007, where Caret said it would be  "visible to passersby on York Road as well as students".

Traditions

Tigerfest
Tigerfest is TU's annual spring festival that features interactive activities for students, as well as live musical entertainment. Tigerfest, which is also open to the public (not just TU students), occurs in late April and was held in Johnny Unitas Stadium for most of the event's history. Starting in 2014, the event was moved to Towson's brand new basketball arena, SECU Arena. Also beginning in 2014 was the festival being held over two days. Day one features events and games on campus, while day two is centered around a concert. Artists such as Lil Yachty, Playboi Carti, Krewella, Kid Cudi, The Used, and Yellowcard have appeared at Tigerfest in the past.

Community outreach

Division of Economic and Community Outreach
The Division of Economic and Community Outreach (DECO) was established in 2004 as an initiative of President Robert L. Caret. DECO's charge is to "provide a focus for engagement with the external community and to provide a path into the university's research and project talent." DECO includes over 130 experts in the following areas: IT Solutions, Mapping Solutions (GIS), Technical Training, Applied Economics and Human Services, Information Assurance, and Business Growth.

Cherry Hill Learning Zone
The initiative is a partnership among the Baltimore City Public School System, Baltimore City government, Towson University and Cherry Hill's community organizations. Together, the programs are trying to rebuild the Cherry Hill neighborhood in southern Baltimore. The program interacts with Cherry Hill's civic leaders, community organizations and citizens, the Learning Zone hopes to serve as a resource for the academic progress of Cherry Hill's young residents and improvement of the overall environment in the community.

Baltimore Urban Debate League

The Towson Speech and Debate team has close ties with the Baltimore Urban Debate League and often volunteers people from the team and the university to judge and facilitate the running of the tournaments.

The university often acts as a host for league tournaments at least once a year.

Towson also has what they call an Urban Debate Scholar award that they give to one graduating senior every year. The scholarship pays for full tuition and fees at TU. They also offer varying awards between $2,000 – $4,000 to other graduating seniors.

Adopt-A-Campus
Former President Caret established a program called Adopt-A-Campus, which gives local businesses, organizations and others an opportunity to help beautify the TU campus. Every group is assigned a certain section of the campus, and will be encouraged to pick up litter and help keep the area clean of trash and debris.

Media and publications

Greek life
Towson has over 20 Greek letter organizations on campus.  In 2022, 7% of undergraduate men and 6% of undergradaute women were active in Towson's Greek system.

Notable people

Controversies

2014 Barry Freundel voyeurism

On October 14, 2014, Barry Freundel, a Jewish scholar, Rabbi, and religious studies and philosophy professor at Towson University, was suspended after being arrested in connection to allegations that he secretly videotaped women as they used a religious bath known as a mikvah near his Georgetown synagogue. One victim was a student of Freundel's at Towson, and was encouraged by the professor to take "practice dunks" in the mikvah, though she was not Jewish and had no intention of converting. Authorities reported dozens of students may have also been taken on these "dunking field trips."

After serving a search warrant on Freundel's Towson office, police found a number of computer storage devices, hidden cameras concealed in items such as tissue boxes and a clock radio, and a list of handwritten names. He ultimately pleaded guilty to 52 counts of voyeurism, and was sentenced to six-and-a-half years in prison.

References

External links

 Towson Athletics website
 College of Fine Arts and Communication – Towson University Website

Universities and colleges established in 1866
Public universities and colleges in Maryland
Universities and colleges in Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County, Maryland landmarks
1866 establishments in Maryland
University System of Maryland campuses

Towson University


Konop–biljka (roridula, lat. Roridula), maleni biljni rod od dvije vrste vazdazelenih grmova iz južnoafričkih provincija Zapadni i Sjevernii Kap koji čini samostalnu porodicu Roridulaceae, i dio je reda vrjesolike.

Rod pripada mesožderkama, a živi u simbiozi s kukcima roda Pameridea koji žive na njoj. Pamerideae kukci se hrane kukcima koji su se uhvatili u zamku ove biljke, a biljka dobiva hranjive tvari iz izmeta ovog simbiotskog kukca.

Vrste
 Roridula dentata
 Roridula gorgonias

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Vrjesolike
Biljke mesožderke
Biljne porodice

Konop–biljka


Embecovirus je subgenus koronavirusa u rodu Betacoronavirus. Virusi u ovom podgenusu, za razliku od drugih koronavirusa, imaju gen za hemaglutinin esterazu (HE). Virusi u subgenusu prethodno su bili poznati kao koronavirusi grupe 2a.

Struktura

Virusi ovog podgene, kao i drugi koronavirusi, imaju omotnicu lipidnog dvosloja u kojoj su usidreni strukturni proteini membrane (M), ovojnice (E) i šiljka (S). Za razliku od drugih koronavirusa, virusi u ovom podgenusu također imaju dodatni kraći strukturni protein sličan šiljaku koji se zove hemaglutinin esteraza (HE).

Vidi još
 Koronavirus
 Coronaviridae
 Betacoronavirus

Izvori

Embecovirus

Embecovirus


Brian Johnson (born 5 October 1947) is an English singer and songwriter. In 1980, after the death of Bon Scott, he became the third lead singer of the Australian rock band AC/DC.

Johnson was one of the founding members of the rock band Geordie formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1971. After a few hit singles, including UK Top 10 "All Because of You" (1973), the band split up in 1978. Following the death of Bon Scott on 19 February 1980, Johnson was asked to audition for AC/DC. AC/DC guitarists and founders Angus and Malcolm Young initially reached out to Brian remembering when Bon had been impressed with him after seeing him perform with Geordie. His first album with AC/DC, Back in Black, became the second-best-selling album of all time, according to most estimates. The Guardian ranked the successful transition to Johnson at No. 36 on their list of 50 key events in rock music history.

He and the rest of the band were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003. In March 2016, he temporarily stepped away from the band during the Rock or Bust World Tour due to hearing problems. In September 2020, AC/DC officially confirmed that Johnson along with fellow band-mates Phil Rudd and Cliff Williams had rejoined the band in August 2018 to record the band's 2020 album, Power Up.

Johnson is known for his distinctive singing voice and strong Geordie accent. In July 2014, he was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Music by Northumbria University in the city of Newcastle in recognition of his significant contribution to the music industry.

Early life
Johnson was born on 5 October 1947 in Dunston, then in County Durham. He is the oldest of four siblings. His English father, Alan, was a coal miner and sergeant major in the British Army's Durham Light Infantry who died in 1996. His Italian mother, Esther (née De Lucia), was from Rocca di Papa. When he was young, Johnson performed in various shows with the Scouts, appeared in a play which aired on television, and joined a local church choir. He also served in the Territorial Army with the 17th Parachute Battalion in Germany for two years.

Career

Early career
Johnson's first band was the Gobi Desert Canoe Club. He was also in a band called Fresh. From 1970, Johnson played with cabaret/club band the Jasper Hart Band, performing songs from the musical Hair as well as soft-rock/pop songs of the time. He and other members of the band went on to form Geordie.

His first and only solo single, "I Can't Forget You Now", he released also as a member of Geordie in January 1976 on the Red Bus label. In 1982, a compilation including ten of Geordie's 1973–1976 songs, was issued as Brian Johnson's solo album Strange Man on the MCA label. The U.S. 1989 CD Keep On Rocking, with re-recorded versions of the band's twelve known songs, was released under the name of Brian Johnson and Geordie as well as the Australian 1991 compilation CD Rockin' With The Boys 1972–1976.

AC/DC

Following Bon Scott's death, the remaining members of the band briefly considered quitting, before concluding that Scott would have wanted AC/DC to continue. Various candidates were considered for his successor, including ex-Back Street Crawler vocalist Terry Slesser and Slade's Noddy Holder, who declined, before selecting Johnson.
AC/DC guitarist and co-founder Angus Young later recalled, "I remember the first time I had ever heard Brian's (Johnson) name was from Bon. Bon had mentioned that he had been in England once touring with a band and he had mentioned that Brian had been in a band called Geordie and Bon had said 'Brian Johnson, he was a great rock and roll singer in the style of Little Richard.' And that was Bon's big idol, Little Richard. I think when he saw Brian at that time, to Bon it was 'Well he's a guy that knows what rock and roll is all about.' He mentioned that to us in Australia. I suppose when we decided to continue, Brian was the first name that Malcolm and myself came up with, so we said we should see if we can find him." The band agreed immediately that Johnson's performing style fit AC/DC's music. In March 1980 Johnson received a phone call inviting him to London to audition as the new vocalist for AC/DC. As a big AC/DC fan, he was happy to oblige. Malcolm remembers the day: "We were all sitting there going, Where's this guy Brian? He should have been here an hour ago. 'Oh him? He's downstairs playing pool with the roadies' – so we thought, well, at least he plays pool."

When someone fetched him to meet them, Malcolm recalls that Johnson, "had tears in his eyes. He was as sad about Bon as we were. Anyway, we said, Do you want to give it a go? And he said, 'I do "Whole Lotta Rosie" with Geordie,' and off he went. We went, this guy is cutting the mustard. Anything else you know? "Nutbush City Limits"? OK, we can knock that out, and he sang that great too. It put a little smile on our faces – for the first time since Bon. So we just started working with him then." Within days, Johnson was in the band, the news being made official on 1 April. A week after that he was sent a plane ticket to the Bahamas (their management's idea, partly for tax purposes and partly because there were no vacant studios in the UK) where he joined the Youngs, bassist Cliff Williams, drummer Phil Rudd and Highway to Hell producer Mutt Lange in Compass Point Studios.
The result was the album Back in Black, which was released in July that year. It was a worldwide success and went on to become the second-best-selling album of all time. In 1986, Johnson returned to Tyneside and appeared in the music video for "You Shook Me All Night Long", and the video received significant airplay on MTV.

The 1988 album Blow Up Your Video was the last AC/DC album to feature lyrics from Johnson. Starting with The Razors Edge in 1990, guitarists Angus and Malcolm Young have written all of AC/DC's material. When asked by a fan during a radio interview why he stopped contributing lyrics, he laughed, "I ran out of words" and went on to explain that during recording he did not always enjoy the pressure of having to come up with an album's worth of lyrics and was relieved when the Young brothers filled in during The Razors Edge. The band has since continued in that tradition for every album since.

A symbol of the working class in the north of England, Johnson customarily wears a newsboy cap on stage and frequently off. Johnson has occasionally worn baseball caps as well. His brother suggested that the singer wear the cap onstage to prevent sweat rolling off his thick, curly hair into his eyes while singing. "He said, 'Put it on, at least you'll be able to see what the bloody freak you're doing!' So I put it on and after three songs in the second set, I looked at him, put my thumbs up – 'This is brilliant!' He never did get that hat back."

In April 2016, during the Rock or Bust World Tour, AC/DC announced the departure of Johnson, citing hearing issues. As the band explained it, Johnson risked total hearing loss if he continued. Johnson stated that his hearing issues hadn't come from performing for 36 years with AC/DC, but from having forgotten to put ear plugs in during a race that left him with a punctured left ear drum. Guns N' Roses singer Axl Rose was recruited to complete the remaining ten shows in North America and twelve shows in Europe. Johnson's last show with AC/DC was on 28 February 2016; at the Sprint Center in Kansas City.  He stated in an interview that he "had a pretty good run" in AC/DC and implied that he might not be returning. After departing AC/DC, he recorded a new song with comedian Jim Breuer called "Mr. Rock 'n' Roll". Johnson made a cameo appearance with rock band Muse on 31 August 2017, performing a rendition of "Back in Black" with the group.

In August 2018, rumours began circulating that Johnson and drummer Phil Rudd had rejoined AC/DC. According to members of the band Terrorizer, in January 2019 Johnson confirmed to them that he is back in AC/DC after getting "sick of denying it" and that he is working on a new album.

On 30 September 2020, AC/DC posted a photo on social media listing the band's new line-up, including Johnson on vocals, as well as a photo featuring, him, Angus, Cliff Williams, Phil Rudd and Stevie Young reunited.

Helen of Troy musical
Since April 2003, Johnson, who says "I love musical theatre, especially the classic stuff, like Rodgers and Hammerstein", has been working on a musical version of Helen of Troy with Sarasota Ballet choreographer, Robert de Warren. The musical is a Les Misérables-style musical with rousing anthems, tender ballads and minimal dialogue. He conceived the project with writers Ian La Frenais, Dick Clement, and Brendan Healy after seeing Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Cats and being underwhelmed at what he saw.

Malcolm McDowell, who made his recording debut singing one of the songs for the soundtrack in Brian's studio, agreed to play Zeus. The Cranberries singer Dolores O'Riordan and Bruce Vilanch were also set to participate. In 2004, Johnson travelled to Greece to film an episode of the television series Goddess Odyssey in which he researched the Helen of Troy myth. It was released on DVD in July 2005 and contains music from the theatre production. Phil Carson, former chief executive of Atlantic Records, supported the project but it was never staged.

Other activities
A car and racing enthusiast, Johnson currently enjoys racing his vintage race cars: a Royale RP-4 and a Pilbeam MP84, which he races in vintage and historic races throughout the United States. In 1997, Johnson recorded with the band Jackyl on their song "Locked and Loaded", and in 2002, wrote lyrics on the track "Kill the Sunshine" from their album Relentless. In the video game Call of Duty: Finest Hour, he voiced Sergeant Bob Starkey. He based his performance on his father. He made a cameo appearance in the 2005 film Goal! where he appears as a Newcastle United fan in a bar in California watching a Newcastle game.

In 2006, he took part in car racing reality television series The Race, broadcast on Sky One in the UK. In 2007, Johnson and AC/DC bassist Cliff Williams took part in the Classic Rock Cares tour to raise funds for the John Entwistle Foundation, which is run by Entwistle's long-time friend and drummer Steve Luongo. They performed AC/DC songs as well as songs written by Johnson for the film Totally Baked.

On 26 July 2009, Johnson appeared as the Star in a Reasonably Priced Car on the BBC's Top Gear. His time of 1:45.9 tied him with Britain's Got Talent judge Simon Cowell and Grand Designs host Kevin McCloud for the second-fastest time in the Chevrolet Lacetti, just 0.1 seconds behind Jay Kay. Johnson subsequently appeared in the premiere of Top Gear series 20 and was the first star to record a time in their new Vauxhall Astra test vehicle, recording a time of 1:45.1. In April 2015, Johnson stated it was a mistake for the BBC to sack Jeremy Clarkson after the Top Gear presenter punched a colleague: "I know Jeremy and I know the lads [Richard Hammond and James May] and it's [the punch] just totally out of character."

His autobiography Rockers and Rollers was published in 2000. He raced in the 2012 Rolex 24 at Daytona on 29 and 30 January 2012. He finished 12th in the Daytona Prototype class, driving for 50+Predator/Alegra Racing, sharing the #50 RileyTech/BMW Daytona Prototype with Elliott Forbes-Robinson, Byron DeFoor, Jim Pace, and Carlos de Quesada. He competed in the 2012 Silverstone Classic Celebrity Challenge race. In 2013, Johnson appeared as a guest singer on two songs on Sting's album The Last Ship which features artists with roots in the northeast of England.

In May 2014, Quest broadcast Cars That Rock with Brian Johnson, a documentary series fronted by Johnson where he explores his favourite iconic motor cars.  The first episode looks at the history of the Mini, with Johnson driving a big selection of the cars, including the car from the 1969 British caper film The Italian Job and the world's fastest Mini. It concludes with Johnson racing a Mini Cooper at Brands Hatch, and finishes with him stating he has bought the car he raced. As of 2016, the show can now be seen on the Velocity channel.

In April 2017, Sky Arts broadcast the first episode of Brian Johnson: A Life on the Road. Series 1 comprised six episodes, with Johnson meeting contemporaries in the music industry to talk about their musical upbringings and careers. Featured were Roger Daltrey (The Who), Lars Ulrich (Metallica), Nick Mason (Pink Floyd), Sting (The Police), Joe Elliott (Def Leppard), and Robert Plant (Led Zeppelin).

On 3 September 2022, Johnson took to the stage at the Taylor Hawkins Tribute Concert and performed "Back in Black" and "Let There Be Rock" with Metallica drummer, Lars Ulrich and the Foo Fighters. Johnson's memoirs, entitled The Lives of Brian, was published by HarperCollins and released on Oct 25, 2022.

Personal life
Johnson married his first wife, Carol, in 1968, and they have two daughters: Joanne (born 1968), and Kala (born 1973). They divorced during the writing of The Razors Edge album. He is now married to Brenda, and lives in Sarasota, Florida, US.

He is an avid supporter of Newcastle United F.C. and was asked to invest in the club in the early 1980s after being invited to meet the board by club legend Jackie Milburn.

In September 2009, Johnson was diagnosed with Barrett syndrome, causing AC/DC to cancel several shows on their 2010 tour in support of Black Ice. However, doctors were able to prevent the disease from developing into cancer.

According to the Sunday Times Rich List of British millionaires in music, Johnson was worth £50 million in 2011.

On 9 July 2014, Johnson was awarded an honorary degree of Doctor of Music by Northumbria University in recognition of his significant contribution to the music industry. In October 2014, he became a supporter of the Yorkshire Dementia Charity based in the village of Topcliffe.

Discography
With Geordie

With AC/DC
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Title
|Release date
|Label
|U.S. Album Sales
|'Worldwide sales
|-
|Back in Black|July 1980
|rowspan="6"|Atlantic
|25,000,000
|50,000,000
|-
|For Those About to Rock|November 1981
|4,000,000
|7,000,000
|-
|Flick of the Switch|September 1983
|1,000,000
|4,000,000
|-
|Fly on the Wall|June 1985
|1,000,000
|4,200,000
|-
|Who Made Who|May 1986
|5,000,000
|10,000,000
|-
|Blow Up Your Video|January 1988
|2,000,000
|4,000,000
|-
|The Razors Edge|September 1990
|rowspan="2"|Atco
|5,000,000
|12,000,000
|-
|Live|October 1992
|5,000,000
|8,000,000
|-
|Ballbreaker|September 1995
|rowspan="2"|Elektra
|2,000,000
|6,000,000
|-
|Stiff Upper Lip|February 2000
|1,000,000
|4,000,000
|-
|Black Ice|October 2008
|rowspan="3"|Columbia
| 2,500,000
|8,000,000
|-
|Rock or Bust|November 2014
| 500,000
|2,800,000
|-
|Power Up|November 2020
|
|1,400,000
|}

Solo

 Motorsports career

24 Hours of Daytona results

 Publications

 Rockers and Rollers: An Automotive Autobiography. Simon & Schuster Australia. 2009. .
 The Lives of Brian: A Memoir''. Dey Street Books. 2022. .

References

External links
 ACDC.com official website
 Brian Johnson interview with Stuck in the '80s podcast

1947 births
AC/DC members
APRA Award winners
Living people
British Parachute Regiment soldiers
British car collectors
British autobiographers
24 Hours of Daytona drivers
English expatriates in Australia
English expatriates in the United States
English people of Italian descent
English rock singers
Blues rock musicians
Italian British musicians
People of Lazian descent
People from Gateshead
Musicians from Sarasota, Florida
Rolex Sports Car Series drivers
20th-century English male singers
21st-century English male singers
Glam rock musicians
Musicians from Tyne and Wear

Brian Johnson


Die Flucht aus der Hölle ist ein vierteiliger Fernsehfilm des Deutschen Fernsehfunks (DFF), der 1960 im DEFA-Studio für Spielfilme produziert wurde. Der Mehrteiler behandelt das Schicksal eines westdeutschen Fremdenlegionärs im Algerienkrieg und seine Flucht in die DDR; die Handlungszeit umfasst den Zeitraum von ca. 1956 bis ca. 1959. Die Hauptrolle des Legionärs Hans Röder spielte Armin Mueller-Stahl.

Inhalt
Der in Frankfurt am Main lebende Autoschlosser Hans Röder wird von seinem Chef Mouchon davon überzeugt, dass eine von ihm durchgeführte Autoreparatur einen schweren Verkehrsunfall verursacht hat. Röder gerät in Panik und lässt sich auf Anraten Mouchons von der Fremdenlegion anheuern.

In Algerien nimmt Röder an einer so genannten Strafexpedition gegen das Dorf Tebessa teil, dessen Bewohner angeblich seinen Vorgesetzten, Leutnant Fellier, heimtückisch getötet haben. Röder hat jedoch den Verdacht, dass Fellier von dem Sergeanten Sourand umgebracht wurde, weil Fellier Informationen über französische Massaker an der algerischen Zivilbevölkerung der Öffentlichkeit zugänglich machen wollte. Sourand arbeitet für die Geheimorganisation Rote Hand, die auch in Westdeutschland tätig ist und Unterstützer der algerischen Widerstandsbewegung Front de Libération Nationale (FLN) liquidiert. Bei der Erschießung von Dorfbewohnern gelingt es Röder, der Widerstandskämpferin Djamila zur Flucht zu verhelfen. Er selbst desertiert. Mit Hilfe der FLN gelingt es ihm, sich nach Tunis durchzuschlagen, wo er Kontakt zum Konsul der FLN, Mustafa Saadi, aufnimmt. Der Verleger Lemaigre, der dort bereit ist, Röders Erlebnisse zu veröffentlichen, wird von der Roten Hand ermordet. In Tunis lernt Röder auch den westdeutschen Staatsangehörigen Puchmann kennen, der die FLN mit Waffen versorgt.

Röder gelingt die Rückkehr nach Westdeutschland. Er trifft mit einem Schiff in Hamburg ein, wo ihn seine in Frankfurt am Main wohnende Freundin Ilse besucht. Röder kontaktiert den Waffenhändler Schlüsser, der die FLN mit Waffen versorgt, wird aber von Mitgliedern der Roten Hand beschattet, die Ilse bedrohen, um Röder zum Aufgeben zu zwingen. Schlüsser wird bei der Vorbereitung eines neuen Waffentransports per Schiff in seiner Wohnung mit einer Bombe getötet. Die Ermittlungen der Staatsschutzabteilung der Hamburger Kriminalpolizei verlaufen im Sande, der Kommissar hat offenbar kein Interesse an der Aufklärung des Falls.

Zurück in Frankfurt, erfährt Röder, dass Saadi von der Roten Hand ermordet wurde. Auf dem Weg zu Puchmann, der nach Deutschland zurückgekehrt ist, verübt die Rote Hand einen Anschlag auf Röder, der zwar misslingt, dafür gelingt den Mitgliedern der Organisation jedoch die Ermordung Puchmanns. Röder sieht keinen anderen Ausweg mehr, als in die DDR zu fliehen und begibt sich nach Westberlin, wo er aber unter Duldung der Westberliner Kripo von der französischen Polizei als Deserteur festgenommen wird und nach Frankreich abtransportiert werden soll.

Röder gelingt es durch einen Trick, seine beiden Bewacher zu überrumpeln und aus dem fahrenden Eisenbahnzug zu springen. Bei der Verfolgung Röders geraten alle drei auf das Gelände eines Volkseigenen Betriebs (VEB), wo der Werkschutz die beiden Franzosen festnimmt. Röder ist in Sicherheit.

Erzählstruktur
Der Film besteht aus vier Teilen:

1. Das Verbrechen von Tebessa

2. Der Weg nach Tunis

3. Der Tod hat viele Hände

4. Die letzte Chance

Die Serie arbeitet mit mehreren Rückblenden. So beginnt die Filmhandlung mit Röders Flucht aus dem Zug. Erst im zweiten Teil wird deutlich, warum sich Röder zur Fremdenlegion gemeldet hat. Der Film endet mit der Wiederholung der Anfangssequenz.

Produktion
Nach Angaben des Drehbuchautors Gottfried Grohmann basiert der Mehrteiler auf realen Vorgängen. Daher waren die Namen einiger Protagonisten auch an die Namen zeitgenössischer Personen angelehnt: Puchmann an den Frankfurter Waffenhändler Georg Puchert, Schlüsser an den Hamburger Waffenhändler Otto Schlüter und Merville an den Sektionschef der Roten Hand, Mercier. Bei der Entwicklung des Drehbuchs hätten auch ehemalige Deserteure der Legion als Berater mitgewirkt.

Der Mehrteiler wurde in 121 Tagen gedreht; für Armin Mueller-Stahl gab es für die Actionszenen kein Double. Sämtliche algerischen Rollen waren mit algerischen Studenten besetzt. Einige Szenen wurden auch in Westdeutschland (Hamburg, Frankfurt am Main) gedreht und als Rückprojektion benutzt.

Die Flucht aus der Hölle erlebte vom 18. Oktober bis 1. November 1960 ihre Fernsehpremiere auf dem DFF. Die einzelnen Teile wurden dabei im Wochenabstand gezeigt. Aus dem Material wurde auch ein gekürzter, zweiteiliger Kinofilm montiert, der am 6. April 1962 in den Kinos der DDR anlief.

Der Spiegel mutmaßte in einem Bericht über den Mehrteiler, dass das Szenario bis ins Detail auf der Spiegel-Serie Der Tod kommt mit der Post beruhte, die ab dem 2. März 1960 in dem Magazin erschienen war.

Überlieferung
Im Februar 2018 veröffentlichte Studio Hamburg Enterprises eine DVD-Edition.

Siehe auch
 Das schwarze Bataillon (Černý prapor, CSSR 1958, Regie: Vladimír Čech)
 Madeleine und der Legionär

Literatur
 Die Flucht aus der Hölle. Drei Beteiligte erzählen von den Dreharbeiten. In: Filmspiegel, VII. Jg., 23. September 1960, S. 8–9.
 Ost-Programm. Durch die Wüste. Fernsehen. In: Der Spiegel, Nr. 44, 26. Oktober 1960 (Online).
 Der Tod kommt mit der Post. In: Der Spiegel, Nr. 10, 2. März 1960 (Online).

Weblinks

 Angaben zum Film bei movie-tips.de
 Filmplakat und Filmprogramm
 Filmausschnitt bei dra.de

Filmtitel 1960
Fernsehfilm (DDR)
Abenteuerfilm
Agentenfilm
Politthriller
Algerienkrieg im Film
Kalter Krieg im Film
Kriegsfilm
Fremdenlegion im Film
Kolonialismus im Film
Flucht aus der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone und der DDR

Flucht aus der Hölle (1960)


320 هـ هي سنة في التقويم الهجري امتدت مقابلةً في التقويم الميلادي بين سنتي 932 و933.

ولادات
 أبو فراس الحمداني
 عبد الكريم الطائع لله

وفيات
 أبو بكر محمد بن الخياط
 أبو عمرو الدمشقي
 ابن الفرغاني
 الحسين بن خيران
 الحكيم الترمذي
 أبو الفضل جعفر المقتدر بالله
 ابن جوصا

انظر أيضًا
 أحداث ومواليد ووفيات وقعت في الفترة الأولى من سنة 320 هـ
 أحداث ومواليد ووفيات وقعت في الفترة الثانية من سنة 320 هـ

مراجع

تقويم هجري

320 هـ


Özcan Eralp (d. 27 Kasım 1935 Akhisar, Manisa) Türk çizgi roman çizeri ve karikatürist.

Hayatı
Manisa'nın Akhisar ilçesinde doğdu. Bir buçuk yaşındayken ailesi İzmir'e taşındı. İlk, orta ve lise öğrenimini İzmir'de gördü. Mühendis olmayı düşlemiş fakat Demokrat İzmir gazetesinden iş teklifi gelince, eğitimini bırakıp çizerliğe başlamıştır. 1960'ta basın çizerliğine yapmaya başlayan Özcan Eralp, İstanbul basınında çeşitli gazete ve dergide çalışmış, ayrıca İstanbul Reklam'da çizgi film yapımında da bulunmuştur.

1967'de İsveç'te yaşayan kardeşini ziyarete gitmiştir, fakat bu ziyaretten geriye dönmemiş ve Semic Press'de ressam olarak çalışmaya başlamıştır. İlk işleri konuşma baloncukları yazımı işleri olmuştur. Bir süre sonra ressam Torsten Bjarre'ye Lilla Fridolf çizgi roman serisinin mürekkepleme işlerinde yardımcı olmaya başlamıştır.

Daha sonra çeşitli çalışmalarda bulunmuş olan Özcan Eralp, İsveç yapımı bir çizgi roman olan Fantomen'de (Kızılmaske) çalışmıştır. 1991'de Eralp'in son Fantomen hikâyesi basılmıştır. 20 yıldan fazla süre boyunca Fantomen'de çalışmış olan Eralp, İsveç'te Fantomen'in (Kızılmaske) maceralarına çok önemli katkılarda bulunmuştur. Bir Türk Fantomen (Kızıl Maske) çizeri olarak, konusu Türkiye'de geçen, "Fantomen İstanbul'da" macerasını hazırlamıştır. İsveç Fantomen dergisine hazırladığı maceralar, Türkiye'de, orijinal adı Phantom olan Fantomen'i, Kızıl Maske adıyla Tay Yayınları tarafından yayımlanmıştır. Türkiye'ye döndükten sonra çizgi romancılığını sürdüren sanatçı; 1982'de Ersin Burak yönetiminde çıkan, "Günaydın Arkadaş" ve aynı yöneticinin yayına hazırladığı "Hürriyet Çocuk Magazin" dergisinde çalışmalar yapmıştır. Ayrıca Ertuğrul Akbay'ın sahibi olduğu "Gırgır" ve "Fırt" dergilerine de çeşitli çalışmalar yaptı.

Dış bağlantılar
 Özcan Eralp'in biyografisi

1935 doğumlular
Türk çizgi romancılar
Yaşayan insanlar
Akhisar doğumlular

Özcan Eralp


Dracaena concinna (Sansevieria concinna) es una especie de Dracaena (Sansevieria) perteneciente a la familia de las asparagáceas, originaria de  África oriental en Tanzania.

Ahora se la ha incluido en el gen de Dracaena debido a los estudios moleculares de su filogenia

Descripción
Es una planta herbácea con rizoma de 0,5 cm de espesor, las hojas con escamas membranosas en las bases de las hojas, de tamaño mucho menor que en la var. subspicata. Las hojas son ascendentes y un poco recurvadas, estrechamente lanceoladas, de 23-27 cm de longitud y 2-3 (-5) cm de ancho, agudas.

Taxonomía
Sansevieria concinna fue descrita por Nicholas Edward Brown y publicado en Kew Bulletin 1915, 233, en el año 1915.
Etimología
Sansevieria nombre genérico que debería ser "Sanseverinia" puesto que su descubridor, Vincenzo Petanga, de Nápoles, pretendía dárselo en conmemoración a Pietro Antonio Sanseverino, duque de Chiaromonte y fundador de un jardín de plantas exóticas en el sur de Italia. Sin embargo, el botánico sueco Thunberg que fue quien lo describió, lo denominó Sansevieria, en honor del militar, inventor y erudito napolitano Raimondo di Sangro (1710-1771), séptimo príncipe de Sansevero.

concinna: epíteto latino que significa "elegante".
Sinonimia
Sansevieria subspicata var. concinna (N.E.Br.) Mbugua

Referencias

Enlaces externos

concinna
Flora de África tropical oriental
Flora de África continental
Plantas descritas en 1915
Plantas descritas por N.E.Br.

Sansevieria concinna


Kineski teorem o ostatcima (eng. Chinese Remainder Theorem – CRT) govori o rješenju sustava linearnih kongruencija.

Za ovaj se teorem veže ime kineskog matematičara Sun Tzua. Smatra se da je teorem tada korišten u kineskoj vojsci za prebrojavanje vojnika. Ipak, u potpunosti ga je iskazao tek 1247. godine Kinez Qin Jiushao.

Moderni iskaz teorema glasi ovako.
Neka su  u parovima relativno prosti brojevi te neka su   Tada sustav kongruencija
 ima rješenja.

Uz to, ako je  jedno rješenje sustava, onda su sva rješenja tog sustava dana s  .

Dokaz
Neka je  te neka je  za
Zbog uvjeta da su  u provima relativno prosti, imamo da je  pa postoji  takav da je

Promotrimo sada broj

Za njega vrijedi  Zato je  rješenje sustava kongruencija s kojim smo počeli.

Konačno, ako su  dva rješenja tog sustava, onda je  za . Zbog toga što su  u parovima relativno prosti, dobivamo da je

Izvori

Matematika

Kineski teorem o ostatcima


Das Amt Lauterstein war eine im Erzgebirgischen Kreis gelegene territoriale Verwaltungseinheit des Kurfürstentums Sachsen.

Bis zum Ende der sächsischen Ämterverfassung im Jahr 1856 bildete es den räumlichen Bezugspunkt für die Einforderung landesherrlicher Abgaben und Frondienste, für Polizei, Rechtsprechung und Heeresfolge.

Geographische Ausdehnung
Das Gebiet des Amts Lauterstein liegt im mittleren Erzgebirge östlich von Marienberg zwischen der Schwarzen Pockau und dem Oberlauf der Flöha. Im Süden grenzte das Amt an das Königreich Böhmen.

Die Exklave des "Einsiedler Walds" mit seinen zweieinhalb Orten lag östlich von Neuhausen/Erzgeb. zwischen der Flöha im Norden und der Schweinitz im Süden. Sie wurde im Norden, Westen und Süden von der Herrschaft Purschenstein (ab 1696 zum Kreisamt Freiberg gehörig) umschlossen. Im Osten grenzte sie an das Königreich Böhmen.

1830 wurde diese Exklave mit dem Amt Frauenstein gegen deren Exklave "Hirschberger Wald" im Seiffener Winkel östlich von Olbernhau mit seinen drei Orten und zwei Mühlen getauscht. Diese Exklave wurde im Norden durch die Flöha von der Herrschaft Pfaffroda getrennt, welche vor 1650 zur Herrschaft Purschenstein gehörte. Im Osten grenzte die Exklave an die Herrschaft Purschenstein, welche wie die Herrschaft Pfaffroda ab 1696 zum Kreisamt Freiberg kamen. Im Süden und Westen bildete die Schweinitz die Grenze zur böhmischen Gemeinde Brandau. Die Gemarkung der Gemeinde Brandau im Königreich Böhmen trennte die Exklave "Hirschberger Wald" vom Gebiet des Amts Lauterstein (Olbernhau).

Angrenzende Verwaltungseinheiten

Geschichte
Die ersten Besitzer des Amts Lauterstein waren im 13. Jh. die Herren von Schellenberg. 1275 bis 1293 kam es zu einer Fehde zwischen Heinrich und Ulrich von Schellenberg und dem Kloster Altzella bei Nossen. Dieser als "Schellenberger Fehde" bezeichnete Streit endete 1319 mit der Verwüstung der Altzellaer Klostergüter durch Heinrich von Schellenberg. Daraufhin kam es zur Ächtung der Reichsministerialen von Schellenberg und zum Einzug ihres Besitzes. Die Herrschaft mit der Burg Lauterstein und dem Städtchen Zcobelin (Zöblitz) wurde infolgedessen im Jahr 1323 an die Burggrafen Albrecht von Altenburg und Otto von Leisnig verlehnt. 1434 wurde die Herrschaft Lauterstein von Kaspar von Berbisdorf für 4.000 Gulden von den bisherigen Besitzern gekauft. Seit der Leipziger Teilung 1485 war das Gebiet albertinisch. Das Amt Lauterstein wurde 1559 eingerichtet, nachdem Kurfürst August von Sachsen durch Kauf die Abtretung von Burg und der Herrschaft Lauterstein erzwang. 1639 wurde die Burg während des Dreißigjährigen Kriegs von schwedischen Reitern in Brand gesteckt und danach nicht wieder aufgebaut. Der Amtssitz wurde infolgedessen nach Zöblitz verlegt.

1653 kam es zu einer Flurteilung des Ortes Deutscheinsiedel in der östlich angrenzenden Herrschaft Purschenstein. Der vom sächsischen Kurfürsten gekaufte Anteil des Ortes östlich von Neuhausen/Erzgeb. mit dem Einsiedler Revier und dem Clausnitzer Wald kam als Exklave zum Amt Lauterstein. Um 1660 gründeten böhmische Glaubensflüchtlinge (Exulanten) in dieser Exklave die Orte Neuwernsdorf und Rauschenbach.

1830 fand zwischen den Ämtern Frauenstein und Lauterstein ein Gebietsaustausch statt. Das Amt Lauterstein erhielt als Exklaven den Hirschberger Wald östlich von Olbernhau mit den Exulantengründungen Hirschberg, Oberseiffenbach, Niederseiffenbach, den kurfürstlichen Anteil von Deutschkatharinenberg (2 Wohnhäuser) und den beiden Mühlen Nieder- und Oberlochmühle. Dafür erhielt das Amt Frauenstein den kurfürstlichen Anteil von Deutscheinsiedel und das Forstrevier Einsiedel mit dem Clausnitzer Wald und den darin befindlichen Exulantenorten Neuwernsdorf und Rauschenbach.

Kurz vor Auflösung des Amts kam im Jahr 1832 noch der Ort Nieder-Haselbach mit Neuhaselbach vom Amt Wolkenstein zum Amt Lauterstein hinzu.

Zugehörige Orte
Hauptort des Amtes war der namensgebende Ort Lauterstein bei Marienberg mit der im Dreißigjährigen Krieg zerstörten Burg Lauterstein.

Amtsleute
 Johann Valerian Fischer († 1716), Amtsschösser und Justizamtmann

Literatur
 Heinz Bauer: Burg Lauterstein - zur Geschichte ihrer Erforschung. In: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter Heft 5/1995, 15–17
 Karlheinz Blaschke, Uwe Ulrich Jäschke: Kursächsischer Ämteratlas, Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0

Carl Wilhelm Hering: Geschichte des Sächsischen Hochlandes mit besonderer Beziehung auf das Amt Lauterstein und angrenzende Städte, Schlösser und Rittergüter. Verlag von Johann Ambrosius Barth. Leipzig 1827 bis 1828
 Band 1. XXXVI, 585 Seiten. 1828 Digitalisat SLUB Dresden, abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014.
 Band 2. 172 Seiten. 1828 Google, abgerufen am 27. Juni 2014
 Band 3. 276 Seiten. 1827 Digitalisat SLUB Dresden, abgerufen 27. Juni 2014 und Google, abgerufen 27. Juni 2014
 Heinz Müller/Gerhard Billig: Burgen - Zeugen sächsischer Geschichte. Neustadt a. d. Aisch 1998.

Weblinks
 Ämterverzeichnis – das Amt Lauterstein im historischen Ortsverzeichnis von Sachsen.
  – die Exklave Hirschberger Wald in Schumanns Lexikon

Einzelnachweise

Amt (Sachsen)
Marienberg
Geschichte (Erzgebirge)

Amt Lauterstein


13928 Aaronrogers este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
13928 Aaronrogers este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Flagstaff de Edward L. G. Bowell. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,33 ua, o excentricitate de 0,24 și o înclinație de 4,1° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 13001-14000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1987
Centura de asteroizi

13928 Aaronrogers


El Coronel Bernardo Aranda Gamba fue un militar paraguayo. Combatió en la Guerra del Chaco y participó en misiones militares en el extranjero. Llegó a ocupar el cargo de jefe del Estado Mayor del ejército.

Escribió distintos ensayos y libros de memorias. Nació el 20 de agosto de 1911 en Villarrica - Paraguay.-

Referencias

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Bernardo Aranda Gamba


Gregory Musel (* 6. Juli 1990 in Wien)  ist ein ehemaliger österreichischer Handballspieler.

Karriere
Musel begann im Jahr 2000 Schulhandball zu spielen, bereits ein Jahr später spielte er in der Jugendabteilung von WAT Fünfhaus. In seiner Jugend wurde der Rechtshänder auch wiederholt ins Junioren-Nationalteam einberufen. Ab 2007 war der 188 cm große und 86 kg schwere Torhüter für die SG Handball West Wien in der Handball Liga Austria aktiv. Für die Saison 2015/16 wurde der Wiener innerhalb der HLA an Union Leoben verliehen. Im Juli 2016 wechselte Musel zum UHK Krems. In der Saison 2018/19 wurde der Torwart mit den Niederösterreichern sowohl Österreichischer Meister als auch Österreichischer Pokalsieger. 2020 beendete Musel seine Karriere.

Erfolge
 Österreichischer Meister 2018/19
 Österreichischer Pokalsieger 2018/19

Einzelnachweise

Handballtorwart (SG Handball Westwien)
Handballtorwart (Handball Sportunion Leoben)
Österreicher
Geboren 1990
Mann

Gregory Musel


Tiruchendur ( [], auch Thiruchendur) ist eine Stadt im indischen Bundesstaat Tamil Nadu mit rund 32.000 Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Tiruchendur ist ein wichtiger Wallfahrtsort des in Tamil Nadu populären Hindu-Gottes Murugan.

Geografie

Tiruchendur liegt im Distrikt Thoothukudi im Süden Tamil Nadus an der Küste des Indischen Ozeans. Die Stadt ist Hauptort des Taluks (Sub-Distrikts) Tiruchendur des Distrikts Thoothukudi. Die nächstgrößeren Städte sind die Distrikthauptstadt Thoothukudi 36 Kilometer nördlich sowie Tirunelveli knapp 60 Kilometer nordwestlich. Die Südspitze Indiens, das Kap Komorin in Kanyakumari, liegt 90 Kilometer südwestlich.

Der parallel zur Küste verlaufende State Highway 176 verbindet Tiruchendur mit Thoothukudi und Kanyakumari, nach Tirunelveli führt der State Highway 40. Es bestehen zahlreiche Busverbindungen nach Thoothukudi und Tirunelveli. Der Bahnhof von Tiruchendur ist Endpunkt einer Bahnstrecke von Tirunelveli. Der nächste Flughafen ist der Flughafen Thoothukudi.

Bevölkerung
80 Prozent der Einwohner Tiruchendurs sind Hindus und 20 Prozent Christen. Die Hauptsprache ist, wie in ganz Tamil Nadu, das Tamil, das von 98 Prozent der Bevölkerung als Muttersprache gesprochen wird.

Religiöse Bedeutung

In Tiruchendur befindet sich der Subramaniyaswami-Tempel, ein wichtiges Heiligtum des Hindu-Gottes Murugan (Skanda). Während dieser Gott in der Glaubenspraxis Nordindiens praktisch keine Rolle spielt, gehört er unter dem Namen Murugan unter den Tamilen zu den populärsten Gottheiten. Tiruchendur ist einer von sechs Wallfahrtsorten (Arupadaividu) in Tamil Nadu, die Murugan geweiht sind. Die sechs Wallfahrtsorte werden mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Aspekten der Mythologie Murugans assoziiert. Tiruchendur ist dem Mythos nach der Ort, an dem Murugan loszog, um den Dämon Surapadman zu besiegen.

Der Murugan-Tempel von Tiruchendur ist ein weitläufiger Tempelkomplex im südindischen Dravida-Stil. Als einziger Arupadaividu-Tempel ist er nicht auf einem Hügel, sondern direkt am Strand errichtet. Das auffälligste Baumerkmal ist der 42 Meter hohe Gopuram (Torturm). Anders als bei den meisten Tempeln befindet sich der Hauptgopuram nicht an der Ost-, sondern der Westseite des Tempels, weil die Tempelmauer im Osten direkt an das Meer grenzt. Der Haupteingang zum Tempel befindet sich im Süden und ist direkt vom Sandstrand aus erreichbar. Dem eigentlichen Tempel vorgesetzt ist der Shanmuga Vilasam, eine 37 × 26 Meter große Eingangshalle, die von 124 Säulen getragen wird. Der eigentliche Tempel misst ca. 130 × 80 Meter und besteht aus zwei konzentrischen Umgängen (prakaras), die eine Reihe von Nebenschreinen beherbergen, und dem zentralen Hauptschrein.

Als einer der sechs Wallfahrtsorte Murugans zieht Tiruchendur zahlreiche Pilger an. Im Jahr 2011 verzeichnete der Ort 7,8 Millionen Besucher. Von mehreren großen Tempelfesten, die im Jahresverlauf in Tiruchendur gefeiert werden, ist das Skanda-Sasti-Fest im tamilischen Monat Aippasi (Oktober/November) das wichtigste. Das siebentägige Fest erreicht am sechsten Tag mit der Feier von Murugans Sieg über Surapadman (Surasamharam) seinen Höhepunkt. 2011 wurden in Tiruchendur aus Anlass dieses Festes mehr als eine Million Gläubige erwartet.

Weblinks

 Website des Murugan-Tempels von Tiruchendur
 Tiruchendur auf murugan.org

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Tamil Nadu
Hinduistischer Wallfahrtsort
Town Panchayat in Tamil Nadu
Distrikt Thoothukudi

Tiruchendur


Karşıkonak, Tunceli ilinin Mazgirt ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün eski ismi "Hoşi" olup 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren Karşıkonak adıyla kayıtlarda yer almaktadır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli iline 48 km, Mazgirt ilçesine 40 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Mazgirt belde ve köyleri

Karşıkonak, Mazgirt


Filodrammatica je historicistička zgrada riječkog fin de siecla izgrađena 1890. za polivaletnu scensko-muzičku djelatnost. smještena na Korzu između Jadranskog trga i Trga Republike (bivša Piazza Dante).

Nakon što je riječka Società filodrammatica (društvo ljubitelja drame) otkupila kuću Struppi izgrađena je nova građevina prema projektu riječkoga arhitekta Giacoma Zammattija po uzoru na srednjoeuropske glazbeno-dramske institucije. Zgrada je svečano otvorena 1890. godine.

Na uličnoj se fasadi vide utjecaji talijanske visoke renesanse i manirizma. Rustikalno obrađeno prizemlje raščlanjeno je lučnim otvorima, a prostor od prvoga kata do atika artikuliran je paladijanskim pilastrima s korintskim kapitelima između kojih se nalaze lučni otvori. Sa strane tih volta umetnute su skulpture ženskih figura. Područja između prozorskih otvora na atici oslikao je i Giovanni Fumi.

Interijer je bio prilagođen potrebama navedenog društva i sadržavao je dvoranu za priredbe, uvježbavanje, dvoranu za primanje stranaka i druge prostorije kojima se društvo koristilo. Kroz dvije gornje etaže oformljeno je kazalište s parterom, pozornicom i balkonom. Kazalište je dekorirano rokoko štukaturama i stropnom slikom s prikazom alegorije glazbe koju je izradio tršćanski slikar Eugenio Scomparini. Ondje su smještene i biste glazbenika, djelo umjetnika bečkoga porijekla Ludwiga Strichtiusa. Preostali dio unutrašnjosti Filodrammatice ukrašen je u stilu talijanske neorenesanse.

Pri gradnji kavane u prizemlju zgrade Filodrammatice, stubište je zbog nedostatka prostora umetnuto bočno spram ulaza u građevinu te nije izvedeno raskošno i monumentalno kao što je prvobitno planirano. Zgrada je u vrijeme nastajanja bila izrazito reprezentativna i svojom se raskošnošću isticala pred ostalim zgradama na ondašnjoj ulici koja se nije nazivala Korzom (Corso je široka ulica). U zdanje su uložena i znatna financijska sredstva, što svjedoči o velikom zanimanju građana Rijeke za kazališnu djelatnost. Na žalost, neprimjerenom poslijeratnom nadogradnjom 4. etaže narušena je cjelovitost ove zgrade.

Nakon aneksije Rijeke Hrvatskoj zgrada Filodrammatice se koristila kao Dom JNA (uglavnom za filmske projekcije), a 2000-ih godina kavana u prizemlju je prenamijenjena u knjižaru, a zatim u odjel beletristike Gradske biblioteke Rijeka (do skorog preseljenja u T-objekt u Benčiċu). Neko vrijeme, nakon ukidanja muzičkog konzervatorja Nina Mirkoviċa (u Lovranu), na gornjim je katovima kao zamjena djelovao odjel Muzičke akademije iz Zagreba koji je 2017. ukinut.

Unatoč tome što je zgrada Filodrammatice zaštićena kao kulturno dobro, pretrpjela je devastaciju i pljačku od strane Hrvatske vojske početkom 1990-ih, a udruženje Grada "Drugo more" je 2010-ih preinakama izmijenilo izvornu glavnu kazališnu dvoranu.

Literatura
 Glavočić, Daina, ur. Arhitektura historicizma u Rijeci,http://www.ipu.hr/uploads/documents/483.pdf
 Kazališta u Rijeci, http://www.rijeka.hr/KazalistauRijeci
 de Canziani Jakšić, Theodor, Dekorativno fasadno slikarstvo u Rijeci, Državni arhiv u Rijeci, 2001.
 Matejčić, Radmila, Kako čitati grad: Rijeka jučer, danas, Adamić, Rijeka, 2007.
 Nepokoj, Denis, Teatar i povijesni prizori, katalog izložbe, Pomorski i povijesni muzej Hrvatskog primorja Rijeka, Rijeka, 2013.
 Zgrada Filodrammatica, Rijeka, Korzo 28, http://www.rijeka.hr/Default.aspx?art=7894

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Građevine u Rijeci
Arhitektura historicizma u Hrvatskoj

Filodrammatica


Ioachim Muntean (n. 18 ianuarie 1847, Tilișca, județul Sibiu – d. 22 februarie 1941) a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918 .

Biografie
A fost protopop al Agnitei și președinte al Despărțământului ASTREI din Agnita.

Activitatea politică
Ca deputat în Adunarea Națională din 1 decembrie 1918 a fost reprezentant al Protopopiatului Ortodox al Agnitei și al Despărțământului ASTREI din Agnita.

Note

Bibliografie
Gelu Neamțu, Mircea Vaida-Voevod, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților, vol. I-II, Editura Academiei Române, București, 2005, ISBN 973-27-1258-9 (vol. I); ISBN 973-27-1264-3 (vol. II)

Lectură suplimetară
Ioan I. Șerban, Nicolae Josan (coord.), Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Alba Iulia, Editura Altip, 2003.
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918
 1 decembrie 1918, Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia. Mărturii, documente și semnificații

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Nașteri în 1847
Decese în 1941
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Transilvăneni
Români din Austro-Ungaria
Protopopi români

Ioachim Muntean


Richard Gäng (* 21. April 1899 in Immeneich; † 10. August 1983 in Freiburg im Breisgau) war ein deutscher Lehrer, Heimat- und Mundartdichter.

Leben
Richard Gäng entstammt alteingesessenen Geschlechtern des Hochschwarzwaldes. Richard Gäng spricht in seinen Gedichten die Sprache der Bewohner des Albtals. Nach dem Besuch der Volksschule Immeneich besuchte er die Höhere Schulen in Waldshut und Freiburg und dann das Lehrerseminar in Ettlingen. 1917/18 nahm er am Ersten Weltkrieg teil, wo er eine schwere Verwundung erlitt.

Nach dem Krieg war er Lehrer an verschiedenen Volksschulen.

Zum 1. Mai 1933 trat Gäng in die NSDAP ein (Mitgliedsnummer 3.125.800). Er heiratete 1935. Von 1942 bis 1944 war er in Freiburg Kreiskulturhauptstellenleiter der NSDAP. Nach dem Ende der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus 1945 wurde er vom Lehrerdienst suspendiert. Während der Entnazifizierung wurde er als "minderbelastet" in den Wartestand und 1949 aus gesundheitlichen Gründen in den vorläufigen Ruhestand versetzt.

Nach 1949 absolvierte er ein weiteres Hochschulstudium in Freiburg, Heidelberg und Berlin, nach dessen Abschluss er 1954 in den höheren Schuldienst übernommen wurde. Er wirkte dann bis zu seiner Pensionierung am Progymnasium St. Landolin in Ettenheimmünster. An seinem 65. Geburtstag erhielt er die Ehrenbürgerschaft von Immeneich. Richard Gäng war in den 1960er-Jahren eines der Gründungsmitglieder der Muettersproch-Gsellschaft.

Pädagogik und Philosophie
Er lehrte, dass das Große im Kleinen sei, lehrte die Liebe zur Sprache, unterschied zwischen Echtheit und Unechtheit im Verhalten, er war Wahrer der deutschen und alemannischen Sprache. Er fühlte sich dem Grundsatz Lehren ist Wachrufen verpflichtet.

Werke
 Richard Gäng, Im Hotzenwald – Hochalemannische Gedichte
 Richard Gäng, Rosina, Novelle
 Richard Gäng, Die Heimfahrt des Andreas Kumlin  – Novelle, Insel Verlag, 1952

Literatur

 Emil Müller Ettikon, Der Dichter Richard Gäng – Zum 80. Geburtstag am 21. April 1979, in: Badische Heimat, Heft 1, März 1979, S. 65 ff.
 Thomas Mutter, Hüter alemannischer Kultur und Sprache – Der Albtäler Dichter Richard Gäng wäre 90 Jahre alt geworden, in: Heimat am Hochrhein, Band XV, 1990, S. 120 ff.
 Hanspeter Wieland, Das Große im Kleinen. Heuer jährt sich zum 25ten Mal der Todestag von Richard Gäng. In: Alemannisch dunkt üs guet, Heft I/II, 2008, S. 67–68.

Einzelnachweise

Deutscher
Literatur (Alemannisch)
Lyrik
Autor
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Heimatdichtung
Literatur (Deutsch)
Person (St. Blasien)
Geboren 1899
Gestorben 1983
Mann
NSDAP-Mitglied

Richard Gäng


Wast Water or Wastwater () is a lake located in Wasdale, a valley in the western part of the Lake District National Park, England. The lake is almost  long and more than  wide. It is a glacial lake, formed in a glacially 'over-deepened' valley. It is the deepest lake in England at . The surface of the lake is about  above sea level, while its bottom is over  below sea level. It is owned by the National Trust.

Surroundings
The head of the Wasdale Valley is surrounded by some of the highest mountains in England, including Scafell Pike, Great Gable and Lingmell. The steep slopes on the southeastern side of the lake, leading up to the summits of Whin Rigg and Illgill Head, are known as the "Wastwater Screes" or on some maps as "The Screes". These screes formed as a result of ice and weathering erosion on the rocks of the Borrowdale Volcanic Group, that form the fells to the east of the lake, towards Eskdale. They are approximately , from top to base, the base being about  below the surface of the lake.

A path runs the length of the lake, through the boulders and scree fall at the base of the craggy fell-side. On the northwestern side are the cliffs of Buckbarrow (a part of Seatallan) and the upturned-boat shape of Yewbarrow. Wast Water is the source of the River Irt which flows into the Irish Sea near Ravenglass.

Both the lake and Wasdale Screes are protected as Sites of Special Scientific Interest and under European Union law as Special Areas of Conservation.

Name origin and pronunciation
"Wastwater" comes from "Wasdale" plus English "water". " 'Wasdale lake' or 'the lake of Vatnsá, lake river'. The present name rather curiously contains the reflexes of both Old Norse 'vatn' 'water', 'lake', and Old English 'wæter' 'water', with the meaning 'lake' probably influenced by the Old Norse 'vatn'.

The valley is pronounced as in was, not with a hard a: the name of the lake similarly but with a soft "s" as in "thou wast". The lake is named "Wast Water" on Ordnance Survey maps but "Wastwater" is used with roughly equal frequency, including by its owner, the National Trust, along with the Cumbria Tourist Board, and the Lake District National Park Authority.

Points of interest

The Lady in the Lake
In 1976, The Wasdale Lady in the Lake, Margaret Hogg, was murdered by her husband and her body was disposed of in the lake. She was found after eight years, with her body preserved like wax due to the lack of oxygen in the water.

Underwater gnomes
In February 2005 it was reported that a "gnome garden" complete with picket fence had been placed in the lake as a point of interest for divers to explore. It was removed from the bottom of Wastwater after three divers died in the late 1990s. It is thought the divers spent too much time too deep searching for the ornaments. Police divers report a rumour that the garden had been replaced at a depth beyond the lowest the police were allowed to dive.

PC Kenny McMahon, a member of the North West Police Underwater Search Unit, said

Water extraction
Water was first pumped from the lake during World War II to supply the Royal Ordnance Factory at Drigg. It is pumped to the nearby Sellafield nuclear facility as an industrial water supply. The Nuclear Decommissioning Authority is allowed to extract from the lake a maximum of  a day to use on that site.

Favourite view
On 9 September 2007, Wast Water was announced as the winner of a vote to determine "Britain's Favourite View" by viewers of ITV.

Gallery

Tributaries
Clockwise from River Irt
Countess Beck
Smithy Beck
Goat Gill
Nether Beck
Over Beck
Mosedale Beck
Lingmell Beck
Hollow Gill
Straighthead Gill

In literature
In the book Goodbye, Mr. Chips, Mr Chipping meets his wife at Wasdale Head.

References

External links
The Wasdale Lady in the Lake
The Cumbria Directory - Wast Water

Lakes of the Lake District
Borough of Copeland
Underwater diving sites in England
Cumberland
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Cumbria
Special Areas of Conservation in Cumbria
LWast

Wast Water


ماجد الزيد: هو الشّاعر ماجد بن حمد بن شاكر الزيد القريّشي الجبري الخالديّ، سعودي الأصل، ولد في جماد ثاني لعام 1401 هـ، من ابرز شعراء قبيلة بني خالد ، شاعر المطوّلات والملاحم ، صاحب الملحمة الكونيّة ، تجاوزت العشرة الآف بيت ، وهو ثاني من استدركَ على الفراهيدي صاحب علم العروض ، فأضاف عليه بعد الأخفش البحر السّابع عشر، لهُ عدّة ملاحم وعدد غير قليل من النصوص الشّعريّة.

شعراء سعوديون في القرن 20
شعراء سعوديون في القرن 21
شعراء بالعربية في القرن 20
شعراء بالعربية في القرن 21

ماجد الزيد


Aline Cavalcante (Aracaju) é cicloativista, empreendedora social e jornalista, sendo notável pela participação no documentário Bike vs Cars e pelas iniciativas no qual se participou como fundadora, incluindo-se a Ciclocidade e a Coalização Clima e Mobilidade. Pela postura adversarial em relação aos carros, foi considerada umas das 5 maiores visionárias urbanas em 2018 segundo a revista Americas Quarterly.

Cicloativistas
Cicloativismo

Aline Cavalcante