Marta D. Rădulescu () a fost o poetă, jurnalistă și romancieră română, cunoscută pentru lucrările ei autoficționale.

Biografie
Marta Rădulescu s-a născut la Pitești. Tatăl ei, Dan Rădulescu, a fost chimist și apoi profesor la Universitatea din Cluj. Sub pseudonimul Justus, el a scris și opere literare. Marta Rădulescu a absolvit învățământul secundar la Liceul Regina Maria din Cluj.

Activitate
Prima ei lucrarea publicată, Vorbind cu luna, a apărut în 1929. Prima ei carte, o colecție de schițe denumită Clasa VII A a fost publicată în 1931; tot atunci a apărut și Mărgele de măceș - povestiri și versete de sărbătoare pe care criticii le-au considerat mediocre. Din mai multe scrieri pe care le-a publicat, Clasa VII A a fost cel mai bine vândută, trecând prin trei ediții succesive la Adevărul din București. Potrivit prozatorului Pavel Dan, nu a fost "o carte bună", ci "promițătoare". Povestirile au fost, de asemenea, în centrul unui scandal care o implica atât pe scriitoare, cât și pe tatăl ei. Unii au descoperit că lucrarea este un act dezastruos de răzbunare, întrucât satiriza oameni care trăiau la vremea respectivă, folosindu-le numele reale. Răspunzând acestor afirmații în Societatea de mâine, Ion Clopoțel a susținut că Clasa a VII-a era mai degrabă un apel pentru "îmbunătățire", un protest împotriva lipsei naturii a unor cursuri predate și împotriva unor atitudini dezangajate deliberate.

Marta Rădulescu a fost adeptă a Mișcării legionare, fiind una dintre principalii propagatori ai conspirațiilor antisemite.

Note

Bibliografie
 Vartic, Mariana, "Rădulescu Marta D., în Aurel Sasu (coord.), Dicționarul biografic al literaturii române", vol. II, Editura Paralela 45, Pitești, 2004, p. 461.
 Sdrobiș, Dragoș, "Stânga și dreapta la Universitatea din Cluj în anii 1930. Cazul profesorului Dan Rădulescu de la Facultatea de Științe", în Apostrof, nr. 7 (302), 2015
 Clopoțel, Ion, "Discuții și recensii. Marta D. Rădulescu, Mărgele de măceș", în Societatea de Mâine, nr. 4–5/1932

Nașteri în 1912
Decese în 1959
Scriitori români din secolul al XX-lea
Piteșteni
Poete române
Jurnaliste din România
Legionari
Antisemitism în Europa
Antisemitism în România

Marta Rădulescu


Neochila es un género de coleópteros adéfagos de la familia Carabidae.

Especies
Contiene las siguientes especies:

 Neochila apicenitens Cassola, 2007
 Neochila baderlei Mandl, 1981
 Neochila congoana Mandl, 1964
 Neochila glabrilabris Mandl, 1964
 Neochila grandis Mandl, 1964
 Neochila hassoni Cassola, 2007
 Neochila horii Wiesner, 1988
 Neochila katangana Mandl, 1964
 Neochila kigonserana (W. Horn, 1905)
 Neochila nitida Cassola, 2007
 Neochila prototypica (W. Horn, 1926)
 Neochila unicolorata Mandl, 1981
 Neochila upangwana Mandl, 1964

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Prothymina

Neochila


Les Fantômes du Brésil est un roman du béninois Florent Couao-Zotti, écrivain, auteur de romans, de nouvelles, de pièces de théâtre et de bandes dessinées. Le livre sort en 2006 aux Éditions UBU et compte 186 pages. Depuis la rentrée scolaire 2014-2015, le livre est introduit au programme en remplacement du roman de Un piège sans fin d'Olympe Bhêly-Quenum. Il est ainsi donc étudié dans les classes de première ce roman est étudié en Français dans toutes les séries.

Résumé
Les Fantômes du Brésil relate une histoire d'amour à la Roméo et Juliette façon béninoise. Il s'agit en effet  d'Anna-Maria, une Agouda qui tombe amoureuse de Pierre, un jeune homme de Ouidah. L'une est Agouda (Brésilienne descendante d'esclaves venus du Bénin) et l'autre natif béninois également descendant d'esclaves. Le hic, c'est que les Agouda considèrent leurs frères autochtones comme ennemis parce qu'ils seraient à l'origine de leur déportation donc de leur réduction en esclavage. Entre les deux communautés, nul partage ne semble possible'.

Dans son article, « l'Unité africaine dans Les Fantômes du Brésil de Florent Couao-Zotti », L. Olusola OGUNTOLA dit:

Références

Articles connexes
 L'Homme dit fou et la Mauvaise Foi des hommes
 Florent Couao-Zotti
 Littérature béninoise
 Notre pain de chaque nuit

Roman béninois
Roman de langue française
Roman paru en 2006
Œuvre littéraire se déroulant au Bénin

Les Fantômes du Brésil


Sierra Leone, ya da resmî adıyla Sierra Leone Cumhuriyeti, Batı Afrika'da bir ülkedir. Portekizliler ülkeye, bölgede bol miktarda aslan bulunmasından dolayı aslanlı dağlar veya aslanlı sıradağlar anlamına gelen bu ismi vermişlerdir. Kuzeydoğusunda Gine; güneydoğusunda Liberya ve güneybatısında Atlas Okyanusu bulunur. Sierra Leone 71.740 km2'lik bir alanı kaplar ve nüfusu 6.296.803'tür. Tropikal İklim'e sahiptir. Komşusu Liberya gibi özgür bırakılmış Afrikalı köleler tarafından kuruldu (1791'de Freetown'u kurdular). İngiliz sömürgeciliğinden sonra 1961'de bağımsız hale geldi. Ancak ülke 1990'lardan 2002'ye kadar yıkıcı bir iç savaş yaşamıştır.

Coğrafya

Koordinatları; 8' 30 Kuzey enlemi ile 11' 30 Batı boylamıdır.

Sınırlarının toplam uzunluğu 958 km, sınır komşuları ise Gine (652 km), Liberya (306 km), sahil şeridi uzunluğu 402 km'dir.

Tropikal iklime sahiptir ve deniz seviyesinden yüksekliği, en alçak noktası ise Atlas Okyanusu 0 m'dir, en yüksek noktası Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m

Doğal kaynakları, elmas, titanyum, boksit, demir, altın, kromdur.

Arazi kullanımı: tarıma uygun topraklar %7, daimi ekinler %1, tarıma uygun topraklar %31, ormanlık arazi %28 ve diğerleri %33'tür. Sulanan arazi 290 km2

Nüfus
Ortalama hayat süresi erkeklerde 42,69 yıl, kadınlarda 48,61 yıl (2001 verileri) olup ortalama çocuk sayısı 6.01 çocuk/1 kadın (2001 tahmini)

Milliyet: İslam: %59,7, Animizm: %25,5, Hristiyan: %13,3 (Protestanlık: %7,8, bağımsız kiliseler: %3,1, Katolikler: %2,3).

 Yönetim

27 Nisan 1961'de İngiltere'den ayrılmıştır.Sierra Leone Cumhuriyeti'''nin yönetim biçimi, başkanlık tipi cumhuriyettir.

Başkenti Freetown'dur. 3 eyalet ve 1 bölgeden oluşan idari yapıya sahiptir: Doğu, Kuzey, Güney, Batı.

Ekonomi
Enflasyon oranı (tüketici fiyatlarında): %15 (2000 verileri). İş gücü 1981 verilerine göre 1.369 milyondur. Endüstri, madencilik (elmas, demir, boksit) küçük çaplı sanayi işletmeleri (meşrubat, tekstil, sigara, ayakkabı), kahve, kakao, hindistan cevizi ve petrol arıtma tesislerinden oluşmaktadır. Özellikle ülkede elmas yatakları çok yaygındır.

Elektrik üretimi 240 milyon kWh (1999) olup elektrik tüketimi ise 223.2 milyon kWh'dır.

Tarım ürünleri, pirinç, kahve, palmiye tohumu, yer fıstığıdır. Ayrıca ekonomik gelir getiren başta balıkçılık olmak üzere kümes hayvancılığı, sığır-koyun-domuz yetiştiriciliği de vardır.

Yıllık 65 milyon $ (2000 verileri) ihracat yapmakta ve ihraç ürünleri, elmas, kakao, kahve, balıktır. İthalat ise yıllık 145 milyon $ (2000 verileri). Gıda maddeleri, makine ve ekipman, yakıt ve yağlar, kimyasallar ithal etmekte ve oranlar şu şekildedir; İngiltere %34, ABD %8, İtalya %7, Nijerya %5 (1999)

Dış borç tutarı ise 1.28 milyar $ (1999)

Notlar

Ayrıca bakınız
Sierra Leone İç Savaşı

Dış bağlantılar
 Birleşmiş Milletler Sierra Leone Misyonu (UNMSL)
 Kanlı Elmaslar

İngilizce konuşan ülkeler
1961'de kurulan bölgeler ve ülkeler
Afrika kıtasındaki ülkeler
Birleşmiş Milletler üyesi ülkeler
İslam İşbirliği Teşkilatı ülkeleri
İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu üyesi ülkeler
Batı Afrika ülkeleri

Sierra Leone


Valens Acidalius, conocido también por Valtin Havekenthal (Wittstock, 1567 - Neisse, 25 de mayo de 1595), fue un crítico y poeta alemán, que escribía en latín.

Biografía
Acidalius era hijo de un pastor que trabajaba en Wittstock. Estudió en las universidades de Rostock, Greifswald y Helmstedt. En su juventud, sus poemas en latín, causaron una revolución. En 1590, acompañó a su amigo Daniel Bucretius (Daniel Rindfleisch) a Italia, donde publicó su primer trabajo literario, una edición de Veleyo Patérculo. Acidalius estudió Filosofía y Medicina en Bolonia y se doctoró en las dos disciplinas.

Sin embargo, el trabajo práctico como médico no le atraía y, por ello, se concentró en la crítica de obras clásicas. Retornó a Alemania en 1593, después de varios ataques de fiebre, se estableció en Breslau, la ciudad natal de su amigo Bucretius. En la primavera de 1595, aceptó una invitación de su amigo y mentor, el canciller episcopal Wacker von Wackenfels para ir a vivir a Neisse, donde murió de fiebre a la edad de apenas veinte y ocho años.

Publicaciones
 Velleius Paterculus, 1590, Padua
 Animadversiones in Curtium, 1594, Fráncfort del Meno

Póstumo
 una colección de poemas, elegías, odas y epigramas, 1603, Legnica
 Centuria prima epistolarum, 1606, Hanau
 Divinationes et interpretationes in comoedias Plauti, 1607, Fráncfort del Meno, 566 páginas
 Notae en Taciti opera, 1607, Hannover
 Notae en Panegyrici veteres, 1607, Heidelberg

Controvertido
 Disputatio nueva contra mulieres, qua probatur eas homines non ese, 1595, probablemente impreso en Zerbst. Un tratado que causó mucha irritación entre los teólogos de la época por causa de sus preceptos blasfemos. Sus atacantes ignoraban el hecho de que el tratado fue concebido como una parodia de los métodos socinianos de refutar la naturaleza divina de Cristo. Durante su vida, Acidalius negó haber realizado este escrito. Pero queda acreditado que, a pesar de que Acidalius realmente no escribió el tratado, el no obstante, influyó en su creación. Así, el verdadero autor permanece anónimo.

Referencias

Bibliografía

 Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie —versión en línea en la Wikisource en alemán

Enlaces externos
 "Valens Acidalius". Catholic Encyclopedia. Nueva York: Robert Appleton Company. 1913

Escritores en latín del siglo XVI
Poetas de Alemania del siglo XVI
Críticos literarios de Alemania
Alumnado de la Universidad de Greifswald
Alumnado de la Universidad de Helmstedt
Alumnado de la Universidad Técnica de Brunswick
Alumnado de la Universidad de Rostock
Conversos al catolicismo desde el luteranismo
Humanistas de Alemania del siglo XVI
Nacidos en Wittstock

Valens Acidalius


José Gregorio Biomorgi est un chimiste et homme politique vénézuélien. Il a été ambassadeur du Venezuela en Syrie en 2018, puis vice-ministre du Développement industriel quelques mois durant avant d'être nommé ministre vénézuélien des Industries et de la Production nationale, titulaire du portefeuille de  à .

Biographie
Il est diplômé en chimie de l'université centrale du Venezuela et docteur en chimie macromoléculaire et supramoléculaire de l'Université Toulouse-III-Paul-Sabatier en France et de l'université norvégienne de sciences et de technologie à Trondheim.

Carrière politique
Depuis 2002, il occupe diverses charges au sein de cabinets ministériels vénézuéliens. En 2018, il est nommé ambassadeur du Venezuela en Syrie, puis vice-ministre du Développement industriel à la fin août 2021. Fin octobre 2021, toujours qualifié d'« ambassadeur » par la télévision pro-chaviste Venezolana de Televisión, il reçoit l'ordre du mérite syrien.

Par décret  paru au Journal officiel, il est nommé ministre vénézuélien des Industries et de la Production nationale le  en remplacement de Jorge Arreaza nommé candidat par le pouvoir de Nicolas Maduro aux élections régionales vénézuéliennes de 2022 pour l'État de Barinas à la suite de l'annulation du scrutin remporté par Freddy Superlano aux scrutin de décembre 2021 ; celui-ci ayant ensuite été disqualifié et la victoire attribuée à Argenis Chávez, ce dernier ayant démissionné une semaine après.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Étudiant de l'université centrale du Venezuela
Ministre vénézuélien des Industries

José Gregorio Biomorgi


Wild in the Streets (conocida en España como El presidente y en Hispanoamérica como Un salvaje en las calles )  es una película estadounidense de 1968 protagonizada por Christopher Jones, Hal Holbrook y Shelley Winters. Fue producida por American International Pictures (AIP)  y está basada en una historia corta del escritor Robert Thom.

De acuerdo al cineasta Kenneth Bowser, la parte que le correspondía al papel estelar de Christopher Jones fue en un principio ofrecida al cantante de folk Phil Ochs.

La película ha sido descrita por algunos críticos como "absurda" y "verla con precaución". Fue nominada para un Premio de la Academia y se ha convertido en un clásico de culto.

El presupuesto para realizarla se estimó en alrededor de 1.000.000 de dólares, cifra bastante reducida aún para esa época y fue superada ampliamente en la recaudación de taquilla alrededor del mundo.

Historia
La película fue filmada durante un período histórico muy convulso y complejo, en el entorno socio-político que afectaba a Estados Unidos a finales de los 60. En ese sentido, la línea de la historia que presenta se define como una proyección "reductio ad absurdum" que refleja los problemas de esa década. Para ello, se tomaron evidentemente como referencia los aspectos más polémicos llevados al extremo que ocurrieron precisamente en 1968 (un año electoral en el país), desde el punto de vista de la juventud norteamericana.

Las controversias abordadas incluyen, entre otras la guerra de Vietnam, el Proyecto de Derechos Civiles, la explosión demográfica, los disturbios y asesinatos, y la generación del baby boom con mayoría de edad.

Como parte de su gancho publicitario, la producción logró que varias celebridades del mundo mediático del periodismo y las telecomunicaciones de la época hicieran algunos breves cameos, como Melvin Belli, Dick Clark, Pamela Mason, Army Archerd y Walter Winchell. Millie Perkins y Ed Begley tienen papeles de soporte, y Bobby Sherman entrevista a Max Frost como el Presidente de los Estados Unidos, en una especie de papel pre-Brady Bunch. Barry Williams interpreta al ingeniero del adolescente Max Frost al comienzo de la película.

El artículo de la revista corta original en que se basó, titulada "The Day it All Happened, Baby!"  ("El día que todo ocurrió, Baby!")  fue ampliada por su autor Robert Thom al tamaño de un libro, y se publicó como una novela de bolsillo por la editorial Pyramid Books.

Sinopsis
La película tiene un mensaje de libertad, de derechos y de ambiciones para la juventud de finales de los 60, aunque con una historia si se quiere irreverente, algo absurda y muy poco probable.
Max Jacob Flatow Jr.("Max Frost") empezó siendo un niño rebelde. De adolescente se entretenía haciendo cosas como inventar bombas para destrozar el auto de su padre. Con esos antecedentes, no resultó sorprendente que, a los veintidós años, fuera propietario de catorce empresas y una estrella de la música. Fue entonces cuando decidió ocuparse de la política: encabezó una rebelión de todos los jóvenes del país para conseguir el voto a los 14 años.

Con el apoyo popular,  Max Frost fue elegido como el presidente de Estados Unidos siendo, además, una estrella de rock . A sus 24 años, creó una nación a su imagen y semejanza, donde más del 50% de la gente tiene menos de 25 años, los congresistas consumen LSD y todo es rock and roll y libertad, incluso dentro del propio Congreso. Por lo tanto, refleja una utópica sociedad de ficción donde también dicha manera de vivir puede tener sus consecuencias negativas.

Con los jóvenes ahora en el control del país, tanto política como económicamente, y con revoluciones similares surgiendo en los principales países del mundo, Max retira a los militares en combate (convirtiéndolos en lugar de eso en una policía de facto), pone a las computadoras y niños prodigio a cargo del producto interno bruto, la producción excedente de granos se entrega de forma gratuita a las naciones del Tercer Mundo, se disuelve el FBI y el Servicio Secreto, y se convierte en el líder de "la sociedad hedonista más verdadera que el mundo haya conocido".

Los momentos finales de la película indican, sin embargo, que Max y sus compañeros pueden enfrentarse a una guerra entre las generaciones futuras provenientes de una fuente inesperada.

Recepción
A pesar de su relativo éxito de taquilla, las críticas hacia la película fueron divididas y mayoritariamente negativas, motivadas en buena medida por las debilidades de un guion algo inconsistente y de estilo amarillista, para lograr esta ambiciosa fusión de sátira política y explotación de los adolescentes.

El sitio web Rotten Tomatoes lo calificó apenas con un promedio de aprobación de un 63% de los críticos especializados y de un 66 % entre las opiniones del público.

Internet Movie Database le dio un promedio de 5,9 sobre 10,  basados en la votación de 914 usuarios y comentarios de 40 usuarios y 11 críticos especializados.

La página AllRovi fue más benévola: el promedio de comentarios la calificó con tres estrellas de cinco posibles.

Banda sonora
Wild in the Streets también tuvo una banda sonora muy exitosa, y la canción tema  "Shape of Things to Come" (escrita por la pareja de compositores Barry Mann y Cynthia Weil)  e interpretada por la banda de rock ficticia Max Frost and The Troopers se publicitó junto con la película.

La canción fue un éxito menor en los listados de Billboard (nº22).

Lanzamientos
Wild in the Streets fue estrenada en los cines de Estados Unidos el 26 de mayo de 1968. Fue lanzada por primera vez para uso doméstico en formato de  VHS a finales de los 80.

En 2005 apareció en DVD en presentación de un disco twofer (dos en uno) con otra película de la misma productora AIP,"Gas-s-s-s" (1971).

Referencias

Bibliografía
 American Film Institute (1976). The American Film Institute Catalog: Feature Films 1961–1970, Part 2. CA, USA: University of California Press. p. 38. ISBN 0-520-20970-2. Retrieved 2010-10-24.

Enlaces externos

 Tráiler oficial de "Wild in the Streets"

Películas de 1968

Wild in the Streets


The Notwist, 1989 yılında Weilheim Almanya'da Markus Acher (gitar, vokal), Michael Acher (kontrbas) ve Mecki Messerschmidt (bateri) tarafından kurulan müzik grubudur. Günümüz Alman Indie Band'ların sembolu olarak kabul edilir.

The Notwist birçok müzikal stil değişikliği yaşadı. Kuruldukları günden bugüne kadar punk, garage, hardcore, noise'dan jazz-rock, post-rock ve synth-pop'un çarpık versiyonlarına, oradan Organik ve dijital seslerin birlikteliğinden oluşan, electronika, indie-rock, dub gibi tınıları komplike ve yoğun bir ses örgüsünde bir araya getiren günümüz soundlarına uzanan müziklerinde bir şey hep aynı kaldı: o da melankoli. Yıllar içerisinde çevrelerinde büyük bir hayran grubu oluştu ve "The Wire" 1998 yılında "Weilheim yeni Seattle mı?" diye sormaktaydı.

Alman punk rock grupları
Alman elektronik müzik grupları
Alman indie rock grupları
Alman deneysel müzik grupları
1989'da kurulan müzik grupları
Müzikal dörtlüler

The Notwist


Leandro Sebastián Olivarez (Mendoza, provincia de Mendoza, Argentina; 15 de mayo de 1992) es un futbolista argentino. Juega de defensa y su equipo actual es Gimnasia y Esgrima de Mendoza que disputa  la Primera Nacional de Argentina.

Estadísticas
 Actualizado al 13 de octubre de 2023

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sebastián Olivarez en BDFA
 Sebastián Olivarez en Futbol360
 Sebastián Olivarez en Soccerway
 Sebastián Olivarez en Transfermarkt

Futbolistas de las inferiores del Club Deportivo Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo Godoy Cruz Antonio Tomba
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Belgrano
Futbolistas del Club Ferro Carril Oeste
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Güemes
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Gimnasia y Esgrima (Mendoza)

Sebastián Olivarez


Saddle Up, First Arsch adlı Alman punk rock grubunun çıkarmış olduğu tek albümdür.

Şarkı Listesi

Bu albüm, bu şarkıları içermektedir:

 Train
 Priest in love
 SKA(T)
 In the name of love
 Crowded house
 Preagnant
 AHA-ha
 Superstition
 Saddle Up
 O-cult
 Moder Blues
 Come together
 Hip Hop Flop
 Chicken steps
 Big Dong (für Saskia S.)

Rock albümleri

Saddle Up


El playero de Alaska (Tringa incana) anteriormente Heteroscelus  incanus, es una especie de ave caradriforme de la familia Scolopacidae.

Durante el verano vive en Alaska y el noroeste de Canadá donde anida en zonas rocosas a lo largo de arroyos de montaña. El resto del año habita en las islas rocosas en el suroeste del Pacífico y en la costa rocosa del Pacífico a partir de California, pasando por Centroamérica, Sudamérica hasta Australia.

Referencias

 Banks, Richard C.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V. Jr.; Rising, James D. & Stotz, Douglas F. (2006):  Forty-seventh Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-list of North American Birds. Auk]] 123(3): 926–936. DOI: 10.1642/0004-8038(2006)123[926:FSTTAO]2.0.CO;2 PDF fulltext

Enlaces externos

incana
Aves de América
Aves de Oceanía
Animales descritos en 1789
Taxones descritos por Johann Friedrich Gmelin
Aves de la isla de Pascua

Tringa incana


Carlo Cerri (Roma, 3 de setembro de 1611 - Roma, 14 de maio de 1690) foi um cardeal do século XVII

Nascimento
Nasceu em Roma em 3 de setembro de 1611.

Educação
Estudou na Universidade La Sapienza, em Roma, onde obteve o doutorado em Direito, em 1629.

Início da vida
Advogado consistista como coadjutor de seu pai, que se tornou, após a morte de sua esposa, prelado papal, promotor da fé e auditor geral do cardeal Francesco Barberini. Cânon do capítulo da patriarcal basílica vaticana no pontificado do Papa Urbano VIII (1623-1644). O cardeal Francesco Barberini, prefeito do Tribunal da Assinatura Apostólica, nomeou-o vigário desse tribunal. Auditor da Sagrada Rota Romana, 1639, por trinta anos, e depois decano do mesmo tribunal. Deputado da Saúde no pontificado do Papa Alexandre VII (1655-1667). Examinador de bispos.

Ordens sagradas
(Nenhuma informação encontrada).

Cardinalado
Criado cardeal diácono no consistório de 29 de novembro de 1669. Participou do conclave de 1669-1670. Concedeu permissão para receber o presbitério fora das Têmporas, 3 de dezembro de 1669. Participou do conclave de 1669-1670, que elegeu o Papa Clemente X. Recebeu o barrete vermelho e a diaconia de S. Adriano, 19 de maio de 1670.

Episcopado
Eleito bispo de Ferrara e nomeado legado em Urbino, em 19 de maio de 1670. Consagrado, em 17 de agosto de 1670, em Roma, pelo cardeal Federico Sforza, auxiliado por Giuseppe Palermo, bispo de Conversano, e por Domenico Gianuzzi, bispo titular de Dioclea. Participou do conclave de 1676, que elegeu o Papa Inocêncio XI. Participou do conclave de 1689, que elegeu o Papa Alexandre VIII.

Morte
Morreu em Roma em 14 de maio de 1690, às 4 da manhã, em seu palácio romano. Exposto na igreja jesuíta de Santissimo Nome di Gesù , Roma, onde teve lugar o funeral, e sepultado na capela de S. Carlo na mesma igreja.

Cardeais nomeados pelo papa Clemente IX

Carlo Cerri


Syran Mbenza (ou simplement M'Benza), né le 31 mai 1950 à Kinshasa, est un guitariste, auteur-compositeur et chanteur d'origine congolaise , qui vit à Paris depuis 1981 environ. Il a enregistré et joué de manière prolifique au cours de cinq décennies, notamment en tant qu'artiste solo, en tant l'un des quatre membres groupe Soukous populaire Les Quatre Étoiles, en tant que membre fondateur acoustique de la renaissance de la rumba congolaise Kékélé, dans d'autres groupes et en soutien d'autres artistes. Il est considéré comme l'un des plus grands guitaristes d'Afrique.

Biographie

Carrière musicale

Premières année
Syran Mbenza, naît le 30 mai 1950 à Léopoldville (aujourd'hui Kinshasa) à l'époque du Congo belge (aujourd'hui République démocratique du Congo) dans une famille de six enfants. Il commence à jouer de la guitare à l'âge de 11 ans. Il a grandi en écoutant la musique de Franco Luambo et a appris à jouer de la guitare dans le rythme de Franco, qui vingt ans après la disparition de Franco, il lui a rendu hommage en compagnie avec d'autres musiciens (Wuta Mayi, Flavien Makabi, Jimmy Mvondo, Elba Kuluma, Ballou Canta, etc.) dans Immortal Franco : la légende africaine de la guitare sans égal. Il a presté également dans plusieurs groupes locaux et a été inspiré par Docteur Nico (Nicolas Kasanda) de l'African Jazz.

En 1968, alors qu'il était encore à l'école, il rejoint le groupe du quartier appelé La Banita et y resta jusque en 1970 environ. Par la suite, il rejoint plusieurs autres groupes tels que Jamel Jazz, Dynamic Jazz, Ewawa de Malph et Somo somo. Il a ensuite rejoint le groupe Lovy du Zaïre de Vicky Longomba membre cofondateur du groupe Ok Jazz et membre d'African Jazz.

Début de la carrière musicale : Zaïre et l'Afrique de l'Oeust
Après avoir quitté le groupe Lovy, Syran Mbenza décide de devenir un artiste professionnel travaillant avec l'orchestre Kara que Vicky Longomba avait créé quelque temps après pour succéder Lovy. En 1978, Mbenza quitte le Zaïre pour Lomé au Togo dans l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Là il rejoint le groupe African All Stars de son cousin Sam Mangwana avec d'autres musiciens congolais tels que le guitariste Bopol Mansiamina qui deviendra par la suite un collaborateur de Mbenza avec qui il va fonder le groupe Les Quatre Étoiles en 1982 en compagnie d'autres musiciens, aussi le batteur Ringo Moya. L'African All Stars ne dura qu'un an et s'est scindé en deux groupes, un avec Mbenza, Bopol et Mangwana qui a pris la direction de Abidjan en Côte d'Ivoire et autre groupe resta à Lomé.

Après cette séparation, le producteur parisien Eddy Gustave a fait venir Mangwana, Mbenza, Bopol et Pablo Libadika à Paris pour une série d'enregistrement en septembre 1979 qui a donnée lieu à deux albums sous le label Eddy'son, ces albums comprenaient certains tubes de l'orchestre African All Stars. L'année suivante, ce groupe fait de navette en Paris et Abidjan-Lomé pour des prestations sous le nom de International Sam Mangwana.

Il enregistre son premier album solo Kouame en 1980 pendant qu'il séjournait en Afrique de l'Ouest.

Les Quatre étoiles : Paris, 1980 - 1990
Syran Mbenza s'est installé à Paris vers 1981 où il est resté depuis tout en effectuant les tournées un peu partout avec d'autres musiciens africains, notamment en Europe, en Amérique du Nord et en Afrique de l'Est.

À Paris, Mbenza a fait beaucoup de prestations avec d'autres guitaristes de ce genre tel que Diblo Dibala, Rigo Star Bamundélé et Dally Kimoko. Appelé souvent par des producteurs pour jouer de la guitare sur des disques d'autres musiciens pour des rémunérations. Avec son collaborateur Bopol, ils ont continué à jouer ensemble, Mbenza à la guitare solo et Bopol à la guitare rythmique. Mbenza a travaillé pour le compte de plusieurs producteurs : Eddy Gustave et son label Eddy'Son, Moumouni Outtara et Afro-Rythme, Richard Dick et Africamania, Ibrahim Sylla et Syllart, ainsi que les labels Salsa Musique, Melodie et Buda Musique. Mbenza a sorti plusieurs autres albums solo : Ilanga chez Eddy'Son, Elisa Dangwa chez Africamania, Sisika chez Syllart, et Symbiose.

En 1982, initialement pour le label Outtara, Mbenza et Bopol ont rejoint les chanteurs congolais bien connus Nyboma et Wuta Mayi avec qui ils font fonder le groupe de soukous populaire et influent Les Quatre Étoiles qui a sorti sept albums studio et trois albums live jusque vers 1990, et à ajouter des concerts en 2010. Chacun de ses quatre membres de ce groupe était une star à part entière qui a enregistré des albums solo.

Les dernières années : Paris, 1990 à présent

Évaluation

Discographie

Notes et références

Liens externes

Musicien congolais (RDC)
Guitariste congolais (RDC)
Auteur-compositeur-interprète congolais (RDC)
Naissance en mai 1950
Naissance à Kinshasa

Syran Mbenza


Samuel Laurent, né à Montbéliard le 19 novembre 1973, est un essayiste spécialisé dans l'islamisme, « consultant international » et dirigeant sportif français. Il occupe entre juillet 2019 et août 2023 le poste de directeur général au sein du Football Club Sochaux-Montbéliard et notamment durant la relégation administrative du club en National 1 pour la saison 2023-2024.

Biographie
Il arrête ses études à , après avoir obtenu son baccalauréat et voyage à travers la Chine puis en Asie. Durant ces voyages, il apprend le mandarin qu'il parle couramment. Il affirme avoir combattu en Birmanie au côté de l'armée Karen de libération nationale. Cependant la rébellion birmane conteste sa participation au conflit dans un message publié sur Twitter : .

Critiques de son travail sur l'islamisme
Il publie trois ouvrages publiés au Seuil en 2013 et 2014 dans lesquels il traite de l'État islamique, d'Al-Qaïda en France et des jihadistes en Libye et au Sahel. Dans ses livres, il interroge des membres d'organisations terroristes notamment l'État islamique et Al-Qaïda et décrit son travail d'enquête sur le terrain, principalement en Libye. Samuel Laurent est très critique sur les interventions françaises en Libye (qu'il qualifie d'« échec retentissant ») et au Mali. Il est régulièrement invité sur les plateaux de télévision (Canal + et BFM TV notamment) où il est présenté comme « consultant international » et spécialiste de l'islamisme.

Un nombre important de ses affirmations sont critiquées et considérées comme exagérées. Ainsi, il estime le nombre de français dans les rangs de l'État islamique à 2000 alors que le ministère de l'Intérieur les évalue à moins de 400 en Irak et en Syrie. Il est aussi accusé de gonfler le nombre de combattants et les ressources de l'organisation. Les rencontres de Samuel Laurent avec des djihadistes français et un émir d'Al-Qaïda sont également remises en cause . Enfin, la nature de ses liens avec les dirigeants d'Al-Qaïda et les révélations qui lui auraient été faites sont jugées peu crédibles par les services de renseignements français.

Dirigeant sportif
En juillet 2019, il est nommé directeur général du Football Club Sochaux-Montbéliard grâce à son amitié avec , fondateur du groupe chinois  et propriétaire du club. En novembre 2020, il est impliqué dans une rixe au centre-ville de Montbéliard après avoir proposé à une serveuse d'un restaurant où il déjeunait de « payer en nature ».

Durant les trois saisons suivant sa prise de fonction, le club connaît une progression sportive notable : il termine  de Ligue 2 lors de la saison 2019-2020,  en 2021 et finalement se classe  de la saison 2021-2022 en échouant lors du match 2 des barrages de promotion contre l'AJ Auxerre.

A l'issue de cette saison, le Dijon FCO souhaite recruter l'entraîneur du FC Sochaux-Montbéliard, Omar Daf, sous contrat pendant encore un an avec le club franc-comtois. Samuel Laurent dément d'abord ces informations avant de parler de  et indique ne pas souhaiter laisser partir son entraîneur à moins d'une indemnité d'un million d'euros. Omar Daf explique vouloir quitter le club en raison de  le concernant, il déplore que le projet sportif se construise . Il indique également que . Enfin, il conclut en précisant ne partager  que la direction sportive du club. Le 17 juin 2022, le contrat de l'entraineur sénégalais est rompu d'un commun accord.

Alors que le club est de plus en plus lourdement déficitaire, le groupe Nenking verse dix millions d'euros en juin 2022 mais refuse de le refaire à l'issue de la saison 2022-2023, achevée à une décevante  place, ce qui pousse le club à sa relégation administrative en National 1 et le fait passer très proche d'un dépôt de bilan.  À cette occasion, sa gestion du club est largement critiquée et plusieurs médias pointent du doigt le train de vie du Football Club Sochaux-Montbéliard et les salaires importants accordés à plusieurs joueurs ainsi que l'absence de compétence administrative et financière du directeur général. Il est désigné comme le principal responsable de la rétrogradation de son club en National 1.

Le 10 août 2023, le FC Sochaux-Montbéliard est repris par un collectif nommé FCSM 2028 porté par l'ancien président Jean-Claude Plessis et son collaborateur Pierre Wantiez. Samuel Laurent est licencié et indique repartir en Afrique pour continuer à servir les intérêts  de .

Famille
Il est le fils du journaliste Éric Laurent, le petit neveu de Lucien Laurent, premier buteur de l'histoire de la Coupe du monde de football et le petit-fils de Jean Laurent, ancien joueur du Football Club Sochaux-Montbéliard.

Il a un homonyme, journaliste du journal Le Monde notamment, avec lequel il est parfois confondu.

Ouvrages

Notes et références

Liens externes

Essayiste français du XXIe siècle
Dirigeant du FC Sochaux-Montbéliard
Dirigeant français de football
Naissance à Montbéliard
Naissance en 1973

Samuel Laurent


CS Universitatea Cluj-Napoca er en rumænsk kvindehåndboldklub fra byen Cluj-Napoca i Rumænien. Klubben holder til i Polyvalent Hall.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Klubbens hjemmeside

Etableret i 1968
Håndboldklubber fra Rumænien
Sport i Rumænien

CS Universitatea Cluj-Napoca


محافظة أن زانغ   هي إحدى محافظات فيتنام. وتقع في دلتا ميكونغ.

المصدر

روابط إضافية
 An Giang Youth website (Tuổi trẻ An Giang)
 An Giang accommodation
 An Giang Province official website (English version)
 An Giang social security website (BHXH An Giang)

محافظات فيتنام

محافظة أن زانغ


A La Liga de 2023–24 (conhecida como La Liga EA Sports FC por razões de patrocínio) é a 93ª edição da La Liga. A temporada começou em 11 de agosto de 2023 e tem previsão de terminar em 26 de maio de 2024.

O atual campeão é o .

Regulamento
Os 20 clubes se enfrentam em jogos de ida e volta no sistema de pontos corridos. O clube que somar o maior número de pontos será declarado campeão. Além do campeão, o 2º, 3º e 4º colocados garantem vagas na Liga dos Campeões da UEFA. Já o 5º colocado tem vaga na Liga Europa da UEFA, enquanto o 6º colocado ganha vaga na Liga Conferência Europa da UEFA. Por outro lado, os três piores clubes são rebaixados à Segunda Divisão Espanhola.

Critérios de desempate
Em caso de empate entre dois clubes, os critérios são:
 Confronto direto
 Saldo de gols
 Gols marcados.

Se o empate envolver três ou mais clubes, os critérios de desempate são:
 Confronto direto entre as equipes envolvidas
 Saldo de gols apenas nos jogos entre as equipes envolvidas
 Saldo de gols no campeonato
 Gols marcados no campeonato
 Clube com melhor fair play.

Participantes

Promovidos e rebaixados

Estádios e Localizações

Número de equipes por comunidade autônoma

Classificação

Desempenho por rodada

Clubes que lideraram o campeonato ao final de cada rodada:

Clubes que ficaram na última posição do campeonato ao final de cada rodada:

Resultados

Estatísticas
.

Artilheiros

Assistências

Clean sheets

Prêmios

Prêmios mensais

Ligações externas

La Liga
Futebol de 2023 na Espanha
Futebol de 2024 na Espanha

La Liga de 2023–24


Strendur es una localidad feroesa de la isla Eysturoy. Es la capital y mayor población del municipio de Sjógv. Tiene 785 habitantes en 2011. Su nombre significa "playa".

Geografía
Strendur está situada en el sur de Eysturoy, en la orilla occidental del Skálafjørður, muy cerca de la desembocadura de éste. Strendur se encuentra a las faldas del monte Kambur. El terreno es relativamente llano, sobre todo al sur —donde convergen el Skálafjørður y el Tangafjørður—, lo que lo hace propicio para granjas.

Strendur es la localidad más sureña del municipio de Sjógv; las localidades más cercanas son Kolbanargjógv, al oeste, e Innan Glyvur, al norte. Justo frente a Strendur se encuentra Saltnes y la zona de Runavík, en la orilla opuesta del fiordo.

Al norte de Strendur se encuentra Við Sjógv; ésta originalmente fue una aldea separada pero en el presente forma parte integral de Strendur. Su nombre significa "junto al mar", y le dio nombre a la parroquia y al municipio de Sjógv. Við Sjógv cuenta con un pequeño embarcadero para botes, mientras que el puerto principal se encuentra en el centro de Strendur.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de las Islas Feroe

Strendur


Ioan N. Cantacuzino a fost un politician român din secolul al XIX-lea,  ministru de Interne și ad-interim la Justiție în guvernul Alexandru C. Moruzi format la Iași, între 5 octombrie 1861 și 22 ianuarie 1862, după Mica Unire, dar înainte de unirea administrativă a Principatelor Române.

Note

Ion C.
Guvernul Alexandru C. Moruzi
Miniștri de interne ai României
Miniștri de justiție ai României
Miniștri români
Politicieni români
Politicieni români din secolul al XIX-lea
Români din secolul al XIX-lea

Ioan N. Cantacuzino


Jules Kyburz (* 21. Februar 1932 in Oberentfelden) ist ein Schweizer Manager. Er war Geschäftsleiter und Präsident des Migros-Genossenschafts-Bund und Verwaltungsratspräsident der Schweizerischen Bundesbahnen.

Leben und Wirken
Kyburz fuhr als 17-Jähriger einige Monate zur See und absolvierte dann eine Handelsschule. Er trat 1952 in Wetzikon als Magaziner in die Migros ein. Danach wurde er Filialleiter, Verkaufsleiter, Geschäftsleiter der Genossenschaft Migros Bern und 1984 Geschäftsführer der gesamten Migros. 1992 bis 1993 war er Präsident des Migros-Genossenschaftsbundes. Er durchlief in dieser Firma also sämtliche Karrierestufen vom Magaziner und Verkäufer bis zum Geschäftsführer und Präsidenten in Zeiten des Wachstums und vertrat Ideale und Prinzipien des Gründers Gottlieb Duttweiler.

1993 wurde Jules Kyburz vom Bundesrat zum Präsidenten des SBB-Verwaltungsrates gewählt. In der Folge trat er als Migros-Präsident zurück, stand aber bis 2012 als Präsident der Gottlieb-und-Adele-Duttweiler-Stiftung vor.

Literatur
 Hugo Schittenhelm: Unternehmer an der SBB-Spitze. In: Der Bund, 26. August 1993, S. 1. ( Digitalisat in e-npa.ch).

Weblinks

 Zeitungsartikel zu Jules Kyburz in e-npa.ch

Einzelnachweise

Manager
Person (Migros)
Schweizer
Geboren 1932
Mann

Jules Kyburz


كلية تقنيات الحاسوب بطرابلس هي مركز للتعليم العالي في طرابلس كانت تعرف سابقا باسم المعهد العالي لتقنيات الحاسوب، وكان المعهد تابعا لأمانة اللجنة الشعبية العامة للقوى العاملة. تأسس في عام 1990، وقد تم تغيير المعهد إلى كلية منذ 2010/2011 وذلك بناء على قرار اللجنة الشعبية العامة للتعليم العالي.

البرامج الدراسية
تقدم الكلية شهادة الدبلوم العالي وحاليا البكالوريوس في المجالات التالية:
 قسم شبكات الحاسوب
 التحكم الآلي
 قسم البرمجيات وتحليل النظم
 قسم الدورات التدريبية
 دورات تقنية المعلومات والصيانة
 دورات التحكم
 دورات إدارة النظم
 دورات الشبكات

وقد تم مؤخرا البدء في إعطاء دورات متقدمة للحصول على شهادات شركتي ميكروسوفت وسيسكو العالميتين، أكاديمية سيسكو للشبكات. يدرس بالكلية حاليا حوالي 1,200 طالب.

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي

تأسيسات سنة 1990 في ليبيا
جامعات طرابلس
جامعات ليبيا
جامعات وكليات في ليبيا
منظمات مقرها في طرابلس
هيئات تعليمية أسست في 1990

كلية تقنيات الحاسوب


Poyen est un village situé dans l'État américain de l'Arkansas, dans le comté de Grant.

Histoire

Économie

Géographie

Démographie

Notes et références

Town en Arkansas
Comté de Grant (Arkansas)

Poyen


Ardıç, Tunceli ilinin Pertek ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Eski ismi Sağmandersimi olan yerleşim, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti dönemine ait bazı kayıtlarda "Sölmandersimi" ve "Salmanderesi" gibi farklı şekilde yazılan yerleşim adı, 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren günümüzdeki adıyla kayıtlarda yer almaya başlamıştır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli il merkezine 90 km, Pertek ilçesine 37 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Pertek belde ve köyleri

Ardıç, Pertek


Ribera de Arriba ist eine spanische Gemeinde (concejo in Asturien, entspricht dem municipio im übrigen Spanien) in der autonomen Region Asturien. Der Hauptort und Sitz der Gemeindeverwaltung ist Soto de Ribera.

Geschichte
Angesichts der Fruchtbarkeit und dem milden Klima ist es nicht verwunderlich, dass erste Besiedlungen bereits aus der Altsteinzeit durch Funde von Werkzeugen und Höhlenmalereien nachgewiesen werden können. Reste von Dolmen und Wallburgen bei La Corona, am Picu Llanza, am El Picu Castiello, am Picu Les Pedreres und am Cueto cerca de Sardín zeugen auch von der Wehrhaftigkeit der "antiken" Bewohner.

Die erste urkundliche Erwähnung stammt aus dem Jahr 857. Aus einer Stiftungsurkunde an das Erzbistum Oviedo geht hervor, dass Ordoño I. die Kirche San Pedro de Ferreros dem Bistum übergibt. Aus dem Jahr 1112 stammt eine weitere Schenkungsurkunde von Königin Urraca an den Bischof Pelagius von Oviedo als Dank für seine Unterstützung im Kampf gegen ihren Mann Alfons I. Nach häufig wechselnden Besitzern, wurde schließlich im Jahr 1537 unter Philipp II. die Region zurückgekauft und als eine selbständige Gemeinde proklamiert.

Lage
Die Gemeinde Ribera de Arriba ist begrenzt von

Politik

Wirtschaft

Bevölkerungsentwicklung

Parroquias

Sehenswertes
 Pfarrkirche "Iglesia de San Martin in Pereda" aus dem 12. Jahrhundert

Quellen
 Bevölkerungszahlen siehe   und
 Höhenangaben siehe Google Earth
 Postleitzahlen  ingeniuz.com

Weblinks

 Seite der Asturischen Gemeinden (spanisch)
 Seiten der Gemeinde. Tourismusportal Vivirasturias

Einzelnachweise

Ribera de Arriba


Agave gracillima ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Agaven (Agave) in der Unterfamilie der Agavengewächse (Agavoideae). Das Artepitheton gracillima leitet sich vom Superlativ des lateinischen Wortes gracillimus für 'grazil'  ab und verweist auf den Habitus der Art.

Beschreibung
Agave gracillima wird ziemlich groß. Die vier krautigen, übergebogenen, linealisch-lanzettlichen Laubblätter sind stark rinnig und stark zurückgebogenen. Es sind zahlreiche eng zusammenstehende Blattadern vorhanden. Die Blattspreite ist 14 bis 49,5 (selten bis 76) Zentimeter lang und 2,8 bis 3,9 (selten bis 5) Zentimeter breit. Die schmalen bis mittelbreiten hyalinen Blattränder sind ganzrandig.

Der "ährige" Blütenstand erreicht eine Höhe von 90 bis 120 Zentimeter. Der halbdichte blütentragende Teil ist 17,5 bis 31,5 Zentimeter lang und trägt 20 bis 25 sitzende Blüten. Der ellipsoide halslose Fruchtknoten ist 10 bis 14 Millimeter lang. Die Perigonblätter sind bräunlich oder gelblich grün gefärbt. Die zylindrische, stumpf vierkantige  Blütenröhre ist gerade, oben nicht deutlich einschnürt und steht winklig zum Fruchtknoten. Sie weist eine Länge von 11 bis 15 (selten ab 8) Millimeter auf. Die länglichen und zurückgeschlagenen Zipfel sind 12 bis 16 Millimeter lang. Die Staubfäden sind im ausgewachsenen Zustand aufwärts gebogen. Der aufwärts gebogene Griffel überragt die Blütenröhre um 28 bis 36 Millimeter. Die keulenförmigen Narben sind dreikantig und seicht gefurcht. Die Blütezeit reicht von Mitte August bis in den späten November.

Über die Früchte und Samen ist nichts bekannt.

Systematik und Verbreitung
Agave gracillima ist in den Bundesstaaten Durango und Nayarit in Tälern, auf grasigen Ebenen und Eichenwäldern in der Bergregion in Höhenlagen von 1100 bis 1370 Metern verbreitet.

Die Erstbeschreibung durch Alwin Berger wurde 1915 veröffentlicht. Synonyme sind Manfreda elongata  (1903), Polianthes elongata  (1966, nom. inval. ICBN-Artikel 53.1), Agave gracilis  (1915) und Polianthes rosei  (1967, nom. inval. ICBN-Artikel 52.1).

Die Art gehört in die Untergattung Manfreda und wird dort der Manfreda-Gruppe zugeordnet.

Nachweise

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Agaven
Gracillima

Agave gracillima


Dušan Bulajić (* 6. März 1932 in Čačak, Serbien; † 3. Juni 1995 in Belgrad) war ein jugoslawischer Schauspieler.

Bulajić war ab 1957 auf jugoslawischen Kinoleinwänden zu sehen; in seiner Filmografie finden sich bis zu seinem Tod rund vierzig Film- und Fernsehauftritte. Er war mit der Schauspielerin Olivera Marković verheiratet.

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 1957: Krvava kosulja
 1960: Liebe und Mode (Ljuban i moda)
 1965: Höhe 905 (Kota 905)
 1965: Unter Geiern
 1969: Fräulein Doktor
 1968: Operation Beograd (Operacija Beograd)
 1974: Der gefährliche Clown (Hitler iz naseg sokaka)
 1995: Otvorena vrata (Fernsehserie, Gastauftritt)

Weblinks

Filmschauspieler
Jugoslawe
Geboren 1932
Gestorben 1995
Mann

Dušan Bulajić


Codin (în ) este un film românesc din 1963 regizat de Henri Colpi. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de Alexandru Virgil Platon (în rolul titular), Răzvan Petrescu și Françoise Brion. Scenariul este adaptat de Yves Jamiaque după un roman omonim din 1925 scris de Panait Istrati. A avut premiera în România la 17 septembrie 1963. A intrat în concurs în 1963 la Festivalul de Film de la Cannes unde a câștigat premiul pentru cel mai bun scenariu.

Rezumat

Un pușcăriaș se luptă să supraviețuiască prin forță brută singur în mahalaua Comorofca din Brăila. Codin (Alexandru Virgil Platon) este bătăușul care a făcut 10 ani de închisoare pentru uciderea unui prieten. El se întoarce acasă la mama sa, dar zgârcenia acesteia îl înfurie. Adrian Zografi este un copil care se uită la Codin și prin ochii omului vede nedreptățile economice și sociale din perspectiva unui adult. Atunci când Codin ucide un alt om care i-a trădat încrederea, mama sa devine mai dereglată mintal și mai paranoică. Crezând că fiul ei îi va fura banii, ea plănuiește să-și omoare singurul fiu. Copilul urmărește cu groază și uimire mașinațiunile crude ale adulților din jurul său.

Distribuție

 Alexandru Virgil Platon — Codin, vecinul fam. Zografi din Comorofca, un ucigaș care a stat 10 ani în închisoare
 Răzvan Petrescu — copilul Adrian Zografi, elev în vârstă de 11 ani
 Françoise Brion — Irina, iubita lui Codin
 Nelly Borgeaud — Joița Zografi, mama lui Adrian, spălătoreasă (menționată Nellie Borgeaud)
 Germaine Kerjean — Anastasia, mama lui Codin
 Maurice Sarfati — Alexe, prietenul lui Codin
 Eliza Petrăchescu — Catrina, proprietăreasa locuinței fam. Zografi, veche prietenă a Joiței
 Graziela Albini — Anghelina, proprietara cârciumii (menționată Grațiela Albini)
 Eugenia Bosînceanu — Mara, vecina fam. Zografi
 Nicolae Budescu — bătrânul bețiv
 Dorin Dron — Ștefan, șeful de echipă al hamalilor din port
 Mișu Fotino — "Cotoiul", negustor afemeiat, curtezanul Irinei (menționat Mihai Fotino)
 Victor Moldovan — Anton, dușmanul lui Alexe
 Mihai Mereuță — salahorul care preia sacul lui Codin
 Constantin Stoica — Ion
 Ion Anghel — lucrător sanitar
 Voicu Sabău — Adrian Zografi, ajuns la maturitate

Dublaj de voce
 Emanoil Petruț — Codin

Producție
Filmările au avut loc în perioada 27 august – 10 noiembrie 1962, cele exterioare la Brăila și în împrejurimi, cele interioare la Buftea. Cheltuielile de producție s-au ridicat la 3.900.000 lei.

Primire
Filmul a fost vizionat de 3.745.702 de spectatori la cinematografele din România, după cum atestă o situație a numărului de spectatori înregistrat de filmele românești de la data premierei și până la data de 31 decembrie 2014 alcătuită de Centrul Național al Cinematografiei.

Filmul a câștigat premiul pentru cel mai bun scenariu și premiile Comisiei superioare tehnice franceze pentru calitatea fotografiei și a imaginii color.

Mihai Tolu scria în 1963 în Contemporanul că "Adaptarea cinematografică a lui Colpi, Jamique și Carabăț, premiată de juriul Festivalului de la Cannes, respectă cu fidelitate spiritul cărții lui Panait Istrati, accentuându-i și clarificându-i semnificațiile critice, concentrând planurile de acțiune într-o fabulație densă, simplă, laconică, de o limpezime și echilibru amintind virtuțiile clasicismului."

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1963 în film

Filme din 1963
Filme regizate de Henri Colpi
Filme românești
Filme franțuzești
Filme în limba română
Filme dramatice românești
Filme cu acțiunea în Brăila
Ecranizări de romane
Ecranizări de romane românești

Codin (film)


Motovun je instrumentalni album Livija Morosina, objavljen 2014.
Album je pripremljen u Motovunu, u proljeće / jesen 2014. godine. Autor naslovnice je slikar, fotograf, ilustrator i dizajner Danilo Dučak. S albuma je skinut singl Autobus za kojeg je Dučak uradio i videospot, a koji je osvojio nagradu za najbolju animaciju i vizualne efekte na Split spot festivalu 2015. godine.

Popis pjesama
Pjesme napisao Livio Morosin, osim gdje je drugačije istaknuto.

 Kaldir (L. Morosin - arr. L. Morosin / T. Šestan)
 Put Sunca
 Mirna
 Porat (L. Morosin - arr. L. Morosin / T. Šestan)
 Marinetti
 Autobus
 Jana (L. Morosin / A. Franjul - arr. L. Morosin)
 Magla (L. Morosin / Ž. Šatović - arr. L. Morosin / T. Šestan)
 Ćuk (L. Morosin / Ž. Šatović - arr. L. Morosin)
 Kaos

Glazbenici

Livio Morosin  - programiranje, gitara, tipke
Željko Šatović G.U.L.A. - narodni instrumenti
Tomislav Šestan aka B1/2 - gitara, bas, udaraljke, tipke
Boro Lukić - gitara (1, 2, 3)
Jadranko Medunić - gitara (7, 9)
Anica Franjul - tipke
Darija Morosin - glas
Sharon Petretić - glas

Albumi iz 2014.

Motovun (album)


Toompea (fra , "Domkirkebjerget") er en kalkstensbakke i den centrale del af byen Tallinn, hovedstaden i Estland. Bakken er et aflangt flad bakke, som måler omkring 400x250 meter, har et areal på syv hektar og er omkring 20-30 meter højere end de omkringliggende områder. I folklore er bakken kendt som tumulus-højen over Kalev-graven, opført af hans sørgende kone til hans ære.

Toompeas historie er tæt knyttet til historien om herskerne og magten i Estland. I dag er Toompea centrum for Estlands regering og Riigikogu (parlamentet), som begge ofte bliver omtalt som Toompea. Riigikogu holder til i Toompea Slot, der er beliggende i det sydvestlige hjørne af bakken og toppes af Lange Hermann-tårnet. Flaget på toppen af tårnet er et af de mest kendte symboler på regeringen i Estland.

Toompea er en del af UNESCOs verdensarvliste, da den er en del af Tallinns gamle bydel.

Geologi og topografi

Geologisk er Toompea forbundet med den nordlige estiske klint (der i sig selv en del af den baltiske klint). Toompea, en separat reliksklint-ø, ligger omkring 1,5  km nordvest for det nordlige estiske kalkstensplateau. Plateauet og Toompea er forbundet med en let skrånende sandstenskanten. Fra øst, nord og vest grænses Toompea i 1,5 km af en klippe med en højde på op til 25 m. Den sydlige skråning af bakken falder mere forsigtigt. Det øverste lag af bakken består af ordovicisk kalksten (tykkelse ca. 5 m), som også er hovedstenen, der ses ved klippen. Imidlertid er det meste af klippens ansigt blevet skjult bag en beskyttende væg og kun få udfald er tilbage.

Toompea opstod først som en ø i Den baltiske issø for omkring 10.000 år siden. På grund af stabil efterglacial landhævning blev det forbundet med fastlandet i det tidlige Littorinahavet-stadie. I år 5.000 fvt. nåede havet stadig til foden af Toompeas klipper. Den moderne kystlinje har en afstand på mere end én km fra Toompea og foden af bakken ligger 17-20 m over havets overflade. Bakken når ca. 48 m i højde.

Mytologi
Ifølge estisk mytologi er Toompea kendt som tumulus-højen over Kalevs grav, rejst til hans ære af hans sørgende kone Linda, som beskrevet i det nationale epos Kalevipoeg:

Noter

Referencer

Kilder

Tallinn
Bakker

Toompea


La saison 2022 de Premier-Liga de football est la  de la première division kazakhe. Elle regroupe quatorze équipes du pays, dont deux promus de deuxième division, au sein d'une poule unique où elles s'affrontent à deux reprises. Le tenant du titre est le Tobol Kostanaï.

Trois places qualificatives pour les compétitions européennes sont attribuées par le biais du championnat : une pour le premier tour de qualification de la Ligue des champions 2023-2024 et deux pour la Ligue Europa Conférence 2023-2024 (au deuxième et premier tour de qualification). Une autre place pour cette dernière compétition est également garantie au vainqueur de la Coupe du Kazakhstan 2022. Les deux derniers du championnat sont quant à eux relégués en deuxième division.

Le FK Astana est sacré champion à l'issue de la saison et remporte son septième titre.

Participants

Les relégations du Jetyssou Taldykourgan et du Kaysar Kyzylorda à l'issue de la saison précédente sont compensés par les montées du  et du , qui ont terminés dans les deux premières places de la deuxième division lors de la saison 2021 et font chacun leurs débuts dans l'élite.
Légende des couleurs

Compétition

Règlement
Les équipes se rencontrent deux fois, pour un total de 26 matchs chacun. Le classement est établi sur le barème de points classique, une victoire valant trois points, un match nul un seul et défaite aucun.

En cas d'égalité de points, le premier critère de départage est la différence de buts générale, suivi du nombre de matchs remportés puis du nombre de buts marqués, de manière générale puis à l'extérieur. Si deux équipes sont toujours à égalité après application de ces critères, elles sont alors départagées selon les résultats obtenus lors des confrontations directes entre les équipes concernées. Si cela ne suffit toujours pas, elles sont alors départagées par un tirage au sort.

Classement

Résultats

Meilleurs buteurs

Notes et références

2022
Kazakhstan 2022
Sport au Kazakhstan en 2022

Championnat du Kazakhstan de football 2022


Gregory Nagy (, ; born October 22, 1942, in Budapest) is an American professor of Classics at Harvard University, specializing in Homer and archaic Greek poetry. Nagy is known for extending Milman Parry and Albert Lord's theories about the oral composition-in-performance of the Iliad and Odyssey.

Education and career
Nagy received his A.B. from Indiana University in 1962 in classics and linguistics, and his Ph.D. from Harvard University in 1966 in classical philology.

Since 1966, he has been a professor at Harvard University.

Since 2000, he has been the director of the Center for Hellenic Studies, a Harvard-affiliated research institution in Washington, D.C. He is the Francis Jones Professor of Classical Greek Literature and Professor of Comparative literature at Harvard, and continues to teach half-time at the Harvard campus in Cambridge, Massachusetts. From 1994 to 2000, he served as Chair of the Classics Department at Harvard University. He was Chair of Harvard's undergraduate Literature Concentration from 1989 to 1994. He served as the president of the American Philological Association in the academic year 1990-91.

Since 2015, he has been posting his current work on a weekly basis at his research blog, Classical Inquiries.

Massive open online course
In 2013 Harvard offered his popular class, The Ancient Greek Hero, which thousands of Harvard students had taken over the last few decades, through edX as a massive open online course. To assist Professor Nagy, Harvard appealed to alumni to volunteer as online mentors and discussion group managers. About 10 former teaching fellows have also volunteered. The task of the volunteers is to focus online class discussion on the course material. The course had 27,000 students registered.

Personal life
Nagy and his wife, Olga Davidson, Research Fellow, Institute for the Study of Muslim Societies and Civilizations, Boston University and chair of the Ilex Foundation, served as Faculty Deans (previously called co-masters) of Currier House at Harvard from 1986 to 1990.

Nagy has two brothers in allied fields: Blaise Nagy is a professor emeritus of Classics at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts, while Joseph F. Nagy is the Henry L. Shattuck Professor of Irish Studies in the Department of Celtic Languages and Literatures at Harvard University.

Works

Books

As sole author

 Nagy, Gregory, Greek Dialects and the Transformation of an Indo-European Process (Harvard University Press, 1970)
 Nagy, Gregory, Comparative Studies in Greek and Indic Meter (Harvard University Press, 1974)
 Nagy, Gregory, The Best of the Achaeans: Concepts of the Hero in Archaic Greek Poetry, Revised Edition  (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998; original publication, 1979)
 Nagy, Gregory, Greek Mythology and Poetics (Cornell University Press, 1990)
 Nagy, Gregory, Pindar's Homer: The Lyric Possession of an Epic Past  (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1990)
 Nagy, Gregory, Poetry as performance. Homer and beyond. (Cambridge University Press, 1996)
 Nagy, Gregory, Homeric Questions (University of Texas Press, 1996)
 Nagy, Gregory, Plato's Rhapsody and Homer's Music : The Poetics of the Panathenaic Festival in Classical Athens (Harvard University Press, 2002)
 Nagy, Gregory, Homeric Responses (University of Texas Press, 2003)
 Nagy, Gregory, Homer's Text And Language (University of Illinois Press, 2004)
Nagy, Gregory, Homer the Classic       (Harvard University Press, 2009)
 Nagy, Gregory, Homer: The Preclassic (University of California Press, 2010)
 Nagy, Gregory,  The Ancient Greek Hero in 24 Hours (Harvard University Press, 2013)

As editor or co-editor

 Victor Bers and Nagy, G. eds., The Classics In East Europe: From the End of World War II to the Present (American Philological Association Pamphlet Series, 1996)
 Nicole Loraux, Nagy, G., and Slatkin, L., eds., Postwar French Thought vol. 3, Antiquities (New Press, 2001)
 Nagy, Gregory ed. with very brief introductions to collections of reprinted articles, Greek Literature (Taylor and Francis, London, 2001; Routledge, 2002), 9 vols.  Nagy did not ensure that permission was given for publication in all cases and refuses to accept responsibility for not having done so.

Articles
 Nagy, Gregory, "The Professional Muse and Models of Prestige in Ancient Greece", Cultural Critique 12 (1989) 133–143
 Nagy, Gregory, "Early Greek Views of Poets and Poetry", in: The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism, vol. 1 (ed. G. Kennedy; Cambridge 1989; paperback 1993) 1–77
 Nagy, Gregory, "The Crisis of Performance", in: The Ends of Rhetoric: History, Theory, Practice (ed. J. Bender and D.E. Wellbery; Stanford 1990) 43–59
 Nagy, Gregory, "Distortion diachronique dans l'art homérique: quelques précisions", in: Constructions du temps dans le monde ancien (ed. C. Darbo-Peschanski; Paris 2000) 417–426.
 Nagy, Gregory, "The Name of Achilles: Questions of Etymology and 'Folk-Etymology.'" Illinois Classical Studies 19 (1994): 3–9. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23065415.

References

External links
Nagy's website at the Harvard Department of the Classics
An audio interview with Nagy on "New Books in Classics"
An account of Nagy's pioneering new project "A Homer Commentary in Progress"
A Homer Commentary in Progress - An evolving, collaborative commentary with Nagy among the commentators

American classical scholars
1942 births
Living people
Classical scholars of Harvard University
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
Harvard University alumni
Indiana University alumni
Scholars of Ancient Greek

Gregory Nagy


Der SSV Bozen Handball ist ein Handballverein aus Bozen, der zum SSV Bozen gehört. Der SSV Bozen ist fünfmaliger italienischer Meister und viermaliger Pokalsieger; dreimal gelang dem SSV Bozen das Triple (Meisterschaft, Cupsieg und Supercupsieg): 2012/13, 2014/15 und 2018/19.

Geschichte
Die Sektion Handball des SSV Bozen wurde 1965 gegründet und nahm 1969/70 erstmals an der höchsten italienischen Meisterschaft teil.

Zwischen 1973 und 1989 stieg der SSV Bozen mehrmals in die höchste italienische Liga auf und in die zweite Liga ab. Von 1989 bis 2010 war er zweitklassig. 2010 wurde der SSV Bozen als Zweiter der Serie A1 nachträglich in die Eliteliga aufgenommen, weil ein anderes Team auf die Teilnahme verzichtet hatte. In der ersten Saison erreichte der SSV Bozen den fünften Platz nach der Rückrunde, konnte aber das Viertelfinale des Play-off gegen den vierten A.S.D. Noci gewinnen und sich dadurch für den EHF Challenge Cup qualifizieren.

In der Saison 2011/12 gewann Bozen erstmals den italienischen Pokalwettbewerb, außerdem führte der SSV Bozen über die gesamte Meisterschaft, erreichte das Finale des abschließenden Play-off und konnte sich dort gegen Altmeister Conversano knapp durchsetzen. 2011/12 erreichte der SSV Bozen das Viertelfinale im EHF Challenge Cup 2011/12, am 15. September 2012 gewann der SSV auch den italienischen Supercup gegen Junior Fassano.

Spielstätte
Während der Erstklassigkeit in den 1980er Jahren spielte der SSV Bozen in der Stadthalle, die mit mehr als 2000 Sitzplätzen damals Bozens größte Halle war. Während der 20 Jahre Zweitklassigkeit wechselte der SSV Bozen in die Turnhalle der damaligen Lehranstalt für Wirtschaft und Tourismus Robert Gasteiner. Die Gasteinerhalle war bis Ende der Saison 2018/19 weiterhin Spielstätte des SSV Bozen, seither spielt der SVV Bozen Handball wieder in der Stadthalle.

Sponsoren
Hauptsponsor ist seit Jahren der Süßwarenhersteller Loacker; eine wichtige Rolle in der Sektion spielt auch der ehemalige Stammspieler Stefano Podini, der mit mehreren Unternehmen Sponsor des Vereins ist.

Weblinks
 Handball beim SSV Bozen

Einzelnachweise

Bozen, Ssv
Sportverein in Südtirol
Sport (Bozen)
Gegründet 1965
Organisation (Bozen)

SSV Bozen Handball


Microsoroideae, potporodica papratnjača, dio porodice Polypodiaceae. Sastoji se od 5 tribusa (3 monogenerička) sa ukupno osam rodova.

Rodovi
 Tribus Thylacoptereae C. C. Chen & H. Schneider
 Thylacopteris Kunze ex J. Sm. (3 spp.)
 Tribus Goniophlebieae C. C. Chen & H. Schneider
 Goniophlebium (Blume) C. Presl (34 spp.)
 Tribus Lecanoptereae C. C. Chen & H. Schneider
 Bosmania Testo (3 spp.)
 Lecanopteris Reinw. (24 spp.)
 Tribus Microsoreae V. N. Tu
 Microsorum Link (46 spp.)
 Leptochilus Kaulf. (33 spp.)
 Podosorus Holttum (1 sp.)
 Tribus Lepisoreae Ching ex E. Hennipman, P. Veldhoen & K. U. Kramer
 Lepisorus (J. Sm.) Ching (100 spp.)

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Osladovke

Microsoroideae


Olaylar
 1571 - İspanyol İmparatorluğu, Venedik Cumhuriyeti ve Papalık Devleti, Osmanlı Devleti aleyhine ittifak kararı aldı.
 1924 - Türkiye millî futbol takımı, Olimpiyat Oyunları kapsamındaki ilk millî maçında, Çekoslovakya'ya 5-2 yenildi.

 1937 - Paris'te, 1937 Dünya Fuarı başladı. Eyfel Kulesi'nin de yer aldığı fuarda İşçi ve Çiftçi Kadın Heykeli ve Nazi yapımı heykel karşılıklı sergileniyordu.
 1944 - Nuri Demirağ'ın fabrikasında yapılan ilk Türk yolcu uçağı, İstanbul'dan Ankara'ya uçtu.
 1953 - ABD, Nevada'da bulunan deneme bölgesinde, topçu birlikleri tarafından atılan ilk ve tek nükleer bomba denemesini yaptı.
 1954 - Türkiye, Osmanlı borçlarının son taksitini ödedi.
 1954 - Tokyo'da yapılan Dünya Serbest Güreş Şampiyonası'nda, Türkiye birinci oldu.
 1961 - ABD Başkanı John F. Kennedy, ABD Kongresi'nde yaptığı bir konuşmada 1960'lı yıllar sona ermeden önce mutlaka Ay'a ayak basacaklarını ilan etti.
 1963 - 32 Afrika ülkesi bir araya gelerek Afrika Birliği Örgütü'nü kurdu. 9 Temmuz 2002'den itibaren Afrika Birliği adını aldı.
 1977 - Kerkük-Yumurtalık Petrol Boru Hattı açıldı ve ilk tanker yüklemesi gerçekleştirildi.
 1977 - Yıldız Savaşları filmi gösterime girdi.
 1979 - Chicago'da O'Hare Uluslararası Havalimanı'ndan kalkan American Airlines'a ait McDonnell Douglas DC-10-10, kalkıştan dakikalar sonra düştü. Uçaktaki 258 yolcu ve 13 mürettabattan kurtulan olmadı.
 1982 - Falkland Savaşı sırasında İngilizlerin HMS Coventry adlı destroyeri, Arjantin uçakları tarafından batırıldı.
 1983 - Millî Güvenlik Konseyi, kürtaj yasa tasarısını kabul etti.
 1988 - Irak, Basra'yı İran'dan geri aldı.
 1989 - Mihail Gorbaçov, Sovyetler Birliği Devlet Başkanı oldu.
 1997 - Afganistan'dan kaçan General Raşid Dostum, Türkiye'ye sığındı.
 2001 - 32 yaşındaki Coloradolu Erik Weihenmayer, Everest Dağı'nın zirvesine ulaşan ilk görme engelli insan unvanını aldı.
 2003 - 56'ncı Cannes Film Festivali'nde Nuri Bilge Ceylan'ın Uzak adlı filmi, Büyük Ödülü, Gus Van Sant'ın Fil (Elephant) adlı filmi ise, Altın Palmiye ödülünü aldı.
 2005 - Azeri petrolünü Türkiye üzerinden dünya pazarına ulaştırması amaçlanan Bakü-Tiflis-Ceyhan (BTC) boru hattına ilk petrol verildi.
 2005 - UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi 2004-2005 sezonu finali Atatürk Olimpiyat Stadyumu'nda yapıldı. Normal süresi 3-3 biten maçı, Liverpool penaltılarla 6-5 Milan'ı yendi.
 2008 - 61. Cannes Film Festivali'nde En İyi Yönetmen Ödülünü Nuri Bilge Ceylan, Üç Maymun filmi ile aldı. Ceylan, ödülünü kucaklarken, "Benim yalnız ve güzel ülkeme ithaf ediyorum" dedi. Ceylan, üçüncü kez Cannes'da ödül alarak bir rekora da imza attı.
 2008 - Uzay aracı Phoenix Mars'a indi.
 2010 - Samandıra'da eğitim uçuşu yapan bir askeri uçak, sokağın ortasına düştü. 3 personel hafif yaralandı.

Doğumlar
 1048 - Shenzong, Çin'in Song Hanedanı'nın altıncı imparatorudur (ö. 1085)
 1320 - Togon Temür, Yuan Hanedanı'nın son İmparatoru (ö. 1370)
 1334 - Sukō, Japonya'da Nanboku-chō dönemi sırasında üçüncü Kuzey Talibi (ö. 1398)
 1616 - Carlo Dolci, İtalyan ressam (ö. 1686)
 1792 - Minh Mang, 1820-1841 arasında Vietnam imparatoru (ö. 1841)
 1803 - Ralph Waldo Emerson, Amerikalı yazar ve düşünür (ö. 1882)
 1818 - Jacob Burckhardt, İsviçreli tarihçi (ö. 1897)
 1846 - Naim Fraşiri, Arnavut tarihçi, gazeteci, şair, yazar (ö. 1900)
 1856 - Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, Fransız general (ö. 1942)
 1860 - James McKeen Cattell, Amerikalı bilim insanı (ö. 1944)
 1865 - John Mott, Amerikalı bir Aktivist ve Nobel Barış Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1955)
 1865 - Pieter Zeeman, Hollandalı bilim insanı ve Nobel Fizik Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1943)
 1889 - Igor Sikorsky, Rus asıllı Amerikalı bilim insanı (ilk başarılı helikopteri yapan) (ö. 1972)
 1915 - Zeyyat Mandalinci, Türk siyasetçi (ö. 1990)
 1915 - Aarne Kainlauri, Fin atlet
 1921 - Jack Steinberger, Amerikalı fizikçi ve Nobel fizik ödülü sahibi (ö. 2020)
 1922 - Enrico Berlinguer, İtalyan siyasetçi ve İtalyan Komünist Partisi Genel Sekreteri (ö. 1984)
 1927 - Robert Ludlum, Amerikalı yazar (ö. 2001)
 1939 - Ian McKellen, İngiliz oyuncu
 1941 - Winfried Bölke, Alman bisiklet yarışçısı (ö. 2021)
 1941 - Vladimir Voronin, Moldovalı siyasetçi ve Moldova'nın eski cumhurbaşkanı
 1945 - Meriç Başaran, Türk tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu
 1946 - Sümeyra, Türk ses sanatçısı (ö. 1990)
 1948 - Bülent Arınç, Türk siyasetçi
 1948 - Klaus Meine, Alman şarkıcı
 1952 - Petǎr Stoyanov, Bulgar siyasetçi
 1953 - Daniel Passarella, Arjantinli eski futbolcu, teknik direktör ve yönetici
 1953 - Gaetano Scirea, İtalyan futbolcu (ö. 1989)
 1955 - Connie Selecca, Amerikalı oyuncu ve model
 1957 - Éder, Brezilyalı millî futbolcu
 1957 - Mehmet Özhaseki, Türk siyasetçi
 1958 - Tuluğ Çizgen, Türk tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu
 1960 - Wallace Roney, Amerikalı caz trompetçisi (ö. 2020)
 1961 - İsmail Kartal, Türk teknik direktör ve eski millî futbolcu
 1961 - Tite, Brezilyalı teknik direktör ve eski futbolcu
 1963 - Nergis Kumbasar, Türk manken, oyuncu, sunucu ve senarist
 1963 - Mike Myers, İngiliz asıllı Kanadalı aktör, komedyen, senaryo yazarı ve film yapımcısı
 1965 - Yahya Jammeh, Gambiyalı asker ve siyasetçi
 1965 - Mariann Mayberry, Amerikalı aktris (ö. 2017)
 1967 - Luc Nilis, Eski Belçikalı millî futbolcu ve antrenör
 1969 - Anne Heche, Amerikalı oyuncu, yönetmen ve senarist (ö. 2022)
 1972 - Tardu Flordun, Türk tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu
 1973 - Daz Dilinger, Amerikalı rap sanatçısı ve yapımcı
 1973 - Tomasz Zdebel, Polonyalı futbolcu
 1975 - Lauryn Hill, Amerikalı müzisyen, prodüktör, aktris, R&B/Soul ve hip-hop şarkıcısı
 1976 - Cillian Murphy, İrlandalı oyuncu
 1976 - Ethan Suplee, Amerikalı aktör
 1976 - Stefan Holm, İsveçli atlet
 1978 - Adam Gontier, Kanadalı müzisyen
 1978 - Dilek Türkan, Türk ses sanatçısı
 1979 - Carlos Bocanegra, Amerikalı millî futbolcu
 1979 - Seyid Muavvaz, Mısırlı millî eski futbolcu
 1979 - Burak Satıbol, Türk tiyatro oyuncusu
 1982 - Roger Guerreiro, Brezilya doğumlu Polonya millî futbol takımı futbolcusu
 1982 - Ezekiel Kemboi, Kenyalı orta mesafeci
 1984 - Emma Marrone, İtalyan pop/rock şarkıcısı
 1985 - Demba Ba, Fransa doğumlu Senegalli futbolcu
 1985 - Tuğba Daşdemir, Türk Alp disiplini kayakçısı
 1986 - Geraint Thomas, Galli yol bisikleti ve pist bisikleti yarışçısı
 1986 - Juri Ueno, Japon aktris
 1987 - Jackson Mendy, Fransa doğumlu Senagalli futbolcu
 1987 - Kamil Stoch, Polonyalı kayakla atlamacı
 1990 - Bo Dallas, Amerikalı profesyonel güreşçi. Günümüzde WWE güreşçisi
 1990 - Majda Mehmedović, Karadağlı hentbolcu
 1991 - Derrick Williams, Amerikalı profesyonel basketbolcu
 1994 - Batuhan Artarslan, Türk futbolcu

Ölümler
 615 - IV. Bonifacius, 25 Eylül 608'den öldüğü 615 yılına kadar Papalık yapmıştır (d. 550)
 735 - Bede, Anglosakson dünyasının ilk tarih yazarı, teolog, tarihçi ve kronoloğu (d. 672/673)
 986 - Abdurrahman es-Sufî, Farisi gök bilimci (d. 903)
 992 - I. Mieszko, 960'tan öldüğü 992 yılına kadar Polonya kralıdır (d. 945)
 1085 - VII. Gregorius, 22 Nisan 1073 - 25 Mayıs 1085 tarihleri arasında papalık yapmıştır (d. ?)
 1261 - IV. Alexander, Papa (d. 1199)
 1681 - Pedro Calderón de la Barca, İspanyol şair, oyun yazarı, asker, din adamı (d. 1600)
 1724 - Osmanzâde Ahmed Tâib, Osmanlı Divan şairi (d. ?)
 1848 - Annette von Droste-Hülshoff, Alman yazar (d. 1797)
 1899 - Vasili Vasilyevski, Rus tarihçi (d. 1838)
 1917 - Maksim Bahdanovič, Beyaz Rus şair, gazeteci ve edebiyat eleştirmeni (d. 1891)
 1934 - Gustav Holst, İngiliz besteci (d. 1874)
 1954 - Robert Capa, Macar asıllı Amerikalı fotoğrafçı (d. 1913)
 1963 - Mehdi Frashëri, Arnavutluk Başbakanı (d. 1872)
 1965 - Joseph Grew, Amerikalı diplomat (d. 1880)
 1965 - Sonny Boy Williamson II, Amerikalı şarkıcı ve besteci (d. 1912)
 1968 - Georg von Küchler, Almanya'nın subayı ve Nazi Almanyası'nın Generalfeldmareşal'i (d. 1881)
 1970 - Christopher Dawson, İngiliz tarihçi (d. 1889)
 1970 - Nizamettin Nazif Tepedelenlioğlu, Türk gazeteci ve yazar (d. 1901)
 1974 - Donald Crisp, İngiliz sinema oyuncusu ve yapımcı, yönetmen ve senarist (d. 1882)
 1974 - Ulvi Uraz, Türk tiyatro ve sinema sanatçısı (d. 1921)
 1983 - I. İdris, Libya Kralı (d. 1890
 1983 - Necip Fazıl Kısakürek, Türk şair, gazeteci ve yazar (d. 1904)
 1988 - Karl Wittfogel, Alman-Amerikan dilbilimci tarihçi, türkolog, sinolog, öğretmen, yazar ve siyasetçi (d. 1896)
 1994 - Atilla Galatalı, Türk seramik sanatçısı (d. 1936)
 2001 - Alberto Korda, Kübalı fotoğrafçı (d. 1928)
 2011 - Leonora Carrington, İngiltere doğumlu Meksikalı ressam ve yazar (d. 1917)
 2014 - Wojciech Jaruzelski, Polonyalı asker ve Polonya Cumhurbaşkanı (d. 1923)
 2017 - Alistair Horne, İngiliz gazeteci, biyografi ve tarihçi (d. 1925)
 2017 - Eva Estrada Kalaw, Filipinli kadın siyasetçi ve profesör (d. 1920)
 2017 - Ali Tanrıyar, Türk hekim, siyasetçi ve spor adamı (d. 1914)
 2017 - Emili Vicente, Eski İspanyol futbolcu, çalıştırıcı ve teknik direktördür (d. 1965)
 2018 - Dean Francis, Eski İngiliz boksör ve antrenör (d. 1974)
 2018 - Piet Kee, Hollandalı besteci ve orgcu (d. 1927)
 2018 - Naser Malek, İranlı oyuncu ve yönetmen (d. 1930)
 2019 - Margaret-Ann Armour, İskoçya doğumlu Britanyalı-Kanadalı kimyager ve eğitimci (d. 1939)
 2019 - Paolo Babbini, İtalyan siyasetçi (d. 1935)
 2019 - Claus von Bülow, Danimarka doğumlu İngiliz sosyoelit, hukukçu ve eleştirmen (d. 1926)
 2019 - Jean Burns, Avustralyalı kadın pilot (d. 1919)
 2019 - Anthony Graziano, Amerikalı mafya üyesi ve kaçakçı (d. 1940)
 2020 - Bucky Baxter, Amerikalı çoklu enstrümanlı müzisyen (d. 1955)
 2020 - George Floyd, bir Afro-Amerikalı (d. 1973)
 2020 - İsmail Gamadiid, Somali Puntlander politikacısı (d. 1960)
 2020 - Renate Krößner, Alman oyuncu (d. 1945)
 2020 - Marvin Luster, profesyonel Amerikan futbolu oyuncusu (d. 1937)
 2020 - Vadão, Brezilyalı futbolu teknik direktör (d. 1956)
 2021 - Eilat Mazar, bir İsrailli arkeologdur (d. 1956)
 2021 - José Meltión Chávez, Arjantinli Roma Katolik piskopos (d. 1957)
 2022 - Jean-Louis Chautemps, Fransız caz müzisyeni (d. 1931)
 2022 - Wies van Dongen, Hollandalı profesyonel bisiklet sporcusu (d. 1931)
 2022 - Lívia Gyarmathy, Macar film yönetmeni ve senarist (d. 1932)

Tatiller ve özel günler
Havlu Günü

Kaynakça

0525
25

25 Mayıs


Caledonica es un género de coleópteros adéfagos de la familia Carabidae.

Especies
Contiene las siguientes especies:

 Caledonica acentra Chaudoir, 1869
 Caledonica affinis Montrouzier, 1860
 Caledonica arrogans (Montrouzier, 1860)
 Caledonica fleutiauxi Deuve, 1981
 Caledonica longicollis Fauvel, 1903
 Caledonica lunigera Chaudoir, 1860
 Caledonica mediolineata Lucas, 1862
 Caledonica miniszechii (J. Thomson, 1856)
 Caledonica myrmidon Fauvel, 1882
 Caledonica pulchella (Montrouzier, 1860)
 Caledonica rivalieri Deuve, 1981
 Caledonica viridicollis Deuve, 1987
 Caledonica wormae Wiesner, 1991

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Prothymina
Insectos descritos en 1860

Caledonica


Neasuroides este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Arctiidae.

Cladograma conform Catalogue of Life:

Referințe

Neasuroides

Neasuroides


Lithuanians () are a Baltic ethnic group. They are native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,378,118 people. Another two millions make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil, Russia, and Canada. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family along with Latvian. According to the census conducted in 2021, 84.6% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians, 6.5% as Poles, 5.0% as Russians, 1.0% as Belarusians, and 1.1% as members of other ethnic groups. Most Lithuanians belong to the Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Lutherans.

History

The territory of the Balts, including modern Lithuania, was once inhabited by several Baltic tribal entities (Aukštaitians, Sudovians, Old Lithuanians, Curonians, Semigallians, Selonians, Samogitians, Skalvians, Old Prussians (Nadruvians)), as attested by ancient sources and dating from prehistoric times. Over the centuries, and especially under the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, some of these tribes consolidated into the Lithuanian nation, mainly as a defence against the marauding Teutonic Order and Eastern Slavs. The Lithuanian state was formed in the High Middle Ages, with different historians dating this variously between the 11th and mid-13th centuries. Mindaugas, Lithuania's only crowned king and its first baptised ruler, is generally considered Lithuania's founder. The Lithuanians are the only branch of Baltic people that managed to create a state entity before the modern era. During the Late Middle Ages, Lithuania was ravaged by the Lithuanian Crusade, which ended only by the Treaty of Melno in 1422. In fact, the crusade persisted after the definite Christianization of Lithuania in 1387, when Europe's last pagan people were baptised. Simultaneously, the Lithuanian state reached its apogee under the rule of Vytautas the Great (1392–1430), when it ruled the lands between the Baltic and Black seas. Thereafter, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania continued existing until 1795, however, since the Union of Lublin in 1569, it maintained its independence in the bi-confederal Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

There is a current argument that the Lithuanian language was considered non-prestigious enough by some elements in Lithuanian society, meaning that the number of Lithuanian language-speakers decreased with Polonization in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, as well as a Germanisation of Prussia. The subsequent imperial Russian occupation from 1795 until 1915, with some interpositions such as the French invasion of Russia in 1812, the Uprisings of 1831 and 1863, accelerated this process of Slavicization. While under Russian occupation, Lithuanians endured Russification, which included the 40-year-long ban on public speaking and writing in Lithuanian (see, e.g., Knygnešiai, the actions against the Catholic Church). In such a context, the Lithuanian National Revival began in the 19th century. Some believed at the time that the Lithuanian nation as such, along with its language, would become extinct within a few generations.

Some of the Polish- and Belarusian-speaking persons from the lands of the former Grand Duchy of Lithuania expressed their affiliation with the modern Lithuanian nation in the early 20th century, including Michał Pius Römer, Stanisław Narutowicz, Oscar Milosz and Tadas Ivanauskas

In February 1918, while World War I was ongoing, the re-establishment of an independent Lithuanian state was declared, 122 years after it was destroyed. In the aftermath of World War I, Lithuanians militarily defended their country's independence from Poland, Whites and Soviet Russia during the Lithuanian Wars of Independence. However, a third of Lithuania's lands, namely the Vilnius Region, as well as its declared capital, fell under Polish occupation during the Interwar. A standardised Lithuanian language was approved. In the lead-up to the World War II, the Klaipėda Region was occupied by Nazi Germany after the 1939 German ultimatum to Lithuania.

The territory inhabited by the ethnic Lithuanians has shrunk over centuries; once Lithuanians made up a majority of the population not only in what is now Lithuania, but also in northwestern Belarus, in large areas of the territory of the modern Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia, and in some parts of modern Latvia and Poland.

In 1940, Lithuania was invaded and occupied by the Soviet Union, and forced to join it as the Lithuanian SSR. The Germans and their allies attacked the USSR in June 1941, and from 1941 to 1944, Lithuania was occupied by Germany. The Germans retreated in 1944, and Lithuania fell under Soviet rule once again. The long-standing communities of Lithuanians in the Kaliningrad Oblast (Lithuania Minor) were almost destroyed as a result.

The Lithuanian nation as such remained primarily in Lithuania, few villages in northeastern Poland, southern Latvia and also in the diaspora of emigrants. Some indigenous Lithuanians still remain in Belarus and the Kaliningrad Oblast, but their number is small compared to what they used to be. Lithuania regained its independence in 1990, and was recognized by most countries in 1991. It became a member of the European Union on May 1, 2004.

Ethnic composition of Lithuania

Among the Baltic states, Lithuania has the most homogeneous population. According to the census conducted in 2001, 83.45% of the population identified themselves as ethnic Lithuanians, 6.74% as Poles, 6.31% as Russians, 1.23% as Belarusians, and 2.27% as members of other ethnic groups such as Ukrainians, Jews, Germans, Tatars, Latvians, Romani, Estonians, Crimean Karaites etc.

Poles are mostly concentrated in the Vilnius County. Especially large Polish communities are located in the Vilnius District Municipality and the Šalčininkai District Municipality.

Despite being the capital, Vilnius was not the largest city by number of Lithuanians until mid-2000s. According to the 2011 census Vilnius had 337,000 Lithuanians while Kaunas – 316,000.

Russians, even though they are almost as numerous as Poles, are much more evenly scattered. The most prominent community lives in the Visaginas Municipality (52%). Most of them are workers who moved from Russia to work at the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant. A number of ethnic Russians left Lithuania after the declaration of independence in 1990.

In the past, the ethnic composition of Lithuania has varied dramatically. The most prominent change was the extermination of the Jewish population during the Holocaust. Before World War II, about 7.5% of the population was Jewish; they were concentrated in cities and towns and had a significant influence on crafts and business. They were called Litvaks and had a strong culture. The population of Vilnius, which was sometimes nicknamed the northern Jerusalem, was about 30% Jewish. Almost all its Jews were killed during the Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Lithuania, some 75,000 alone between the years 1941 – 1942, while others later immigrated to the United States and Israel. Now there are about 3,200 Jews living in Lithuania.

Cultural subgroups

Apart from the various religious and ethnic groups currently residing in Lithuania, Lithuanians themselves retain and differentiate between their regional identities; there are 5 historic regional groups: Žemaičiai, Suvalkiečiai, Aukštaičiai, Dzūkai and Prūsai, the last of which is virtually extinct. City dwellers are usually considered just Lithuanians, especially ones from large cities such as Vilnius or Kaunas.
The four groups are delineated according to certain region-specific traditions, dialects, and historical divisions. There are some stereotypes used in jokes about these subgroups, for example, Sudovians are supposedly frugal while Samogitians are stubborn.

Genetics

Since the late Neolithic period the native inhabitants of the Lithuanian territory have not been replaced by migrations from outside, so there is a high probability that the inhabitants of present-day Lithuania have preserved the genetic composition of their forebears relatively undisturbed by the major demographic movements, although without being actually isolated from them. The Lithuanian population appears to be relatively homogeneous, without apparent genetic differences among ethnic subgroups.

A 2004 analysis of mtDNA in a Lithuanian population revealed that Lithuanians are close to both Indo-European and Uralic-speaking populations of Northern Europe. Y-chromosome SNP haplogroup analysis showed Lithuanians to be closest to fellow Balts (Latvians), Estonians, Belarusians and Finnish people. This is the result of Iron Age. Autosomal SNP analysis situates Lithuanians most proximal to Latvians, followed by the westernmost East Slavs, furthermore, all Slavic peoples and Germans are situated more proximal to Lithuanians than Finns and northern Russians.

Lithuanian Ashkenazi Jews also have interesting genetics, since they display a number of unique genetic characteristics; the utility of these variations has been the subject of debate. One variation, which is implicated in familial hypercholesterolemia, has been dated to the 14th century, corresponding to the establishment of Ashkenazi settlements in response to the invitation extended by Vytautas the Great in 1388.

At the end of the 19th century, the average height of males was  and the average height of females was . By the end of the 20th century, heights averaged  for males and  for females.

Diaspora

Lithuanian settlement extends into adjacent countries that are now outside the modern Lithuanian state. A small Lithuanian community exists in the vicinity of Puńsk and Sejny in the Suwałki area of Poland, an area associated with the Lithuanian writer and cleric Antanas Baranauskas.
Although most of the Lithuanian inhabitants in the region of Lithuania Minor that formed part of East Prussia were expelled when the area was annexed by the Soviet Union as the Kaliningrad Oblast, small groups of Lithuanians subsequently settled that area as it was repopulated with new Soviet citizens. Small groups of Lithuanians are still present in Belarus within the Grodno and Vitebsk regions.

Apart from the traditional communities in Lithuania and its neighboring countries, Lithuanians have emigrated to other continents during the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries.

 Communities in the United States make up the largest part of this diaspora; as many as one million Americans can claim Lithuanian descent. Emigration to America began in the 19th century, with the generation calling itself the "grynoriai" (derived from "greenhorn" meaning new and inexperienced). The migration flow was interrupted during the Soviet occupation, when travel and emigration were severely restricted. The largest concentrations of Lithuanian Americans are in the Great Lakes area and the Northeast; Chicago in particular is noted as the primary center of the diaspora. Nearly 33,000 Lithuanians have immigrated to the United States since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
 Lithuanian communities in Canada are among the largest in the world along with the United States (See Lithuanian Canadian).
 Lithuanian communities in Mexico and South America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Uruguay and Venezuela) developed before World War II, beginning in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Currently, there is no longer a flow of emigrants to these destinations, since economic conditions in those countries are not better than those in Lithuania (see Lithuanians in Brazil).
 Lithuanian communities were formed in South Africa during the late 19th and 20th century, the majority being Jewish.
 Lithuanian communities in other regions of the former Soviet Union were formed during the Soviet occupation; the numbers of Lithuanians in Siberia and Central Asia increased dramatically when a large portion of Lithuanians were involuntarily deported into these areas. After de-Stalinization, however, most of them returned. Later, some Lithuanians were relocated to work in other areas of the Soviet Union; some of them did not return to Lithuania, after it became independent.
 The Lithuanian communities in United Kingdom and Ireland began to appear after the restoration of independence to Lithuania in 1990; this emigration intensified after Lithuania became part of the European Union in 2004. London and Glasgow (especially the Bellshill and Coatbridge areas of Greater Glasgow) have long had large Catholic and Jewish Lithuanian populations. The Republic of Ireland probably has the highest concentration of Lithuanians relative to its total population size in Western Europe; its estimated 45,000 Lithuanians (about half of whom are registered) form over 1% of Ireland's total population.
 The Lithuanian communities in other countries of Northwestern Europe (Norway, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Iceland) as well as in Spain are very new and began their growth spurts as Lithuanian was accepted into the EU. In Norway there are 45,415 Lithuanians living in the country and it has in a short time become the second largest ethnic minority in the country, making up 0.85% of Norway's total population, and 4.81% of all foreign residents in Norway. There are around 3,500 Lithuanians in Iceland, making around 1% of the total population.
Lithuanian communities in Germany began to appear after World War II. In 1950 they founded the Lithuanian High School in Diepholz, which was a private school for children of Lithuanian refugees. For decades the Lithuanian High School was the only full-time high school outside the Eastern Bloc offering courses in Lithuanian history, language, and culture. In 1954, the Lithuanian Community acquired Rennhof Manor House with its twelve-acre park in the town of Lampertheim-Hüttenfeld. The school was relocated there and still exists today.
 Lithuanian communities in Australia exist as well; due to its great distance from Europe, however, emigration there was minuscule. There are Lithuanian communities in Melbourne, Geelong, Sydney, Adelaide, Brisbane, Hobart and Perth.

Culture and traditions

The Lithuanian national sport is usually considered to be basketball (krepšinis), which is popular among Lithuanians in Lithuania as well as in the diasporic communities. Basketball came to Lithuania through the Lithuanian-American community in the 1930s. Lithuanian basketball teams were bronze medal winners in the 1992, 1996, and 2000 Summer Olympics.

Joninės (also known as Rasos) is a traditional national holiday, celebrated on the summer solstice. It has pagan origins. Užgavėnės (Shrove Tuesday) takes place on the day before Ash Wednesday, and is meant to urge the retreat of winter. There are also national traditions for Christian holidays such as Easter and Christmas.

Cuisine

Lithuanian cuisine has much in common with other European cuisines and features the products suited to its cool and moist northern climate: barley, potatoes, rye, beets, greens, and mushrooms are locally grown, and dairy products are one of its specialties. Nevertheless, it has its own distinguishing features, which were formed by a variety of influences during the country's rich history.

Since shared similarities in history and heritage, Lithuanians, Jews and Poles have developed many similar dishes and beverages: dumplings ( koldūnai), doughnuts (spurgos), and crepes (lietiniai blynai). German traditions also influenced Lithuanian cuisine, introducing pork and potato dishes, such as potato pudding (kugelis) and potato sausages (vėdarai), as well as the baroque tree cake known as šakotis. Traditional dishes of Lithuanian Tatars and Lithuanian Karaites like Kibinai and čeburekai, that are similar to pasty, are popular in Lithuania.

For Lithuanian Americans both traditional Lithuanian dishes of virtinukai (cabbage and noodles) and balandėliai (rolled cabbage) are growing increasingly more popular.

There are also regional cuisine dishes, e.g. traditional kastinys in Žemaitija, Western Lithuania, Skilandis in Western and Central Lithuania, Kindziukas in Eastern and Southern Lithuania (Dzūkija).

Cepelinai, a stuffed potato creation, is the most popular national dish. It is popular among Lithuanians all over the world. Other national foods include dark rye bread, cold beet soup (šaltibarščiai), and kugelis (a baked potato pudding). Some of these foods are also common in neighboring countries. Lithuanian cuisine is generally unknown outside Lithuanian communities. Most Lithuanian restaurants outside Lithuania are located in cities with a heavy Lithuanian presence.

Lithuanians in the early 20th century were among the thinnest people in the developed countries of the world. In Lithuanian cuisine there is some emphasis on attractive presentation of freshly prepared foods.

Lithuania has been brewing midus, a type of Lithuanian mead for thousands of years.

Locally brewed beer (alus), vodka (degtinė), and kvass (gira) are popular drinks in Lithuania. Lithuanian traditional beer of Northern Lithuania, Biržai, Pasvalys regions is well appreciated in Lithuania and abroad. Starka is a part of the Lithuanian heritage, still produced in Lithuania.

Language

Among Indo-European languages, Lithuanian is conservative in some aspects of its grammar and phonology, retaining archaic features otherwise found only in ancient languages such as Sanskrit (particularly its early form, Vedic Sanskrit) or Ancient Greek. For this reason, it is an important source for the reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European language despite its late attestation (with the earliest texts dating only to ).
The Proto-Balto-Slavic language branched off directly from Proto-Indo-European, then sub-branched into Proto-Baltic and Proto-Slavic. Proto-Baltic branched off into Proto-West Baltic and Proto-East Baltic. Baltic languages passed through a Proto-Balto-Slavic stage, from which Baltic languages retain numerous exclusive and non-exclusive lexical, morphological, phonological and accentual isoglosses in common with the Slavic languages, which represent their closest living Indo-European relatives. Moreover, with Lithuanian being so archaic in phonology, Slavic words can often be deduced from Lithuanian by regular sound laws; for example, Lith. vilkas and Polish wilk ← PBSl. *wilkás (cf. PSl. *vьlkъ) ← PIE *wĺ̥kʷos, all meaning "wolf".

Literature

When the ban against printing the Lithuanian language was lifted in 1904, various European literary movements such as Symbolism, impressionism, and expressionism each in turn influenced the work of Lithuanian writers. The first period of Lithuanian independence (1918–40) gave them the opportunity to examine themselves and their characters more deeply, as their primary concerns were no longer political. An outstanding figure of the early 20th century was Vincas Krėvė-Mickevičius, a novelist and dramatist. His many works include Dainavos šalies senų žmonių padavimai (Old Folks Tales of Dainava, 1912) and the historical dramas Šarūnas (1911), Skirgaila (1925), and Mindaugo mirtis (The Death of Mindaugas, 1935). Petras Vaičiūnas was another popular playwright, producing one play each year during the 1920s and 1930s. Vincas Mykolaitis-Putinas wrote lyric poetry, plays, and novels, including the novel Altorių šešėly (In the Shadows of the Altars, 3 vol., 1933), a remarkably powerful autobiographical novel.

Keturi vėjai movement started with publication of The Prophet of the Four Winds by talented poet Kazys Binkis (1893—1942). It was rebellion against traditional poetry. The theoretical basis of Keturi vėjai initially was futurism which arrived through Russia from the West and later cubism, dadaism, surrealism, unanimism, and German expressionism. The most influensive futurist for Lithuanian writers was Russian poet Vladimir Mayakovsky.

Oskaras Milašius (1877–1939) is a paradoxical and interesting phenomenon in Lithuanian culture. He never lived in Lithuania but was born and spent his childhood in Cereja (near Mogilev, Belarus) and graduated from Lycée Janson de Sailly in Paris. His longing for his fatherland was more metaphysical. Having to choose between two conflicting countries — Lithuania and Poland — he preferred Lithuania which for him was an idea even more than a fatherland. In 1920 when France recognized the independence of Lithuania, he was appointed officially as Chargé d'Affaires for Lithuania. He published: 1928, a collection of 26 Lithuanian songs; 1930, Lithuanian Tales and Stories; 1933, Lithuanian Tales; 1937, The origin of the Lithuanian Nation.

Religion

Since the Christianization of parts of Lithuania proper in 1387 and of Samogitia in 1413, the majority of Lithuanians have been members of the Roman Catholic Church. According to the 2021 census, 74% of Lithuanians are Roman Catholic. There is also 0.56% of the population are Evangelical Lutheran, mainly the Prussian Lithuanians descent. Approximately 4.4% of the population are Eastern Orthodox, mainly the Russian minority. Under Article 26 of the Constitution of Lithuania, persons can freely practice a religion of their choosing.

Catholicism played a significant role in Lithuanian anti-communist resistance under the Soviet Union. Several Catholic priests were leaders of the anti-communist movements, and thousands of Latin crosses were placed on the Hill of Crosses near Šiauliai, despite its being bulldozed in 1961.

Folk music

Lithuanian folk music is based around songs (dainos), which include romantic and wedding songs, as well as work songs and archaic war songs. These songs used to be performed either in groups or alone, and in parallel chords or unison. Duophonic songs are common in the renowned sutartinės tradition of Aukštaitija. Another style of Lithuanian folk music is called rateliai, a kind of round dance. Instrumentation includes kanklės, a kind of zither that accompanies sutartinės, rateliai, waltzes, quadrilles and polkas, and fiddles, (including a bass fiddle called the basetle) and a kind of whistle called the Lamzdeliai lumzdelis; recent importations, beginning in the late 19th century, including the concertina, accordion and bandoneon. Sutartinė can be accompanied by skudučiai, a form of panpipes played by a group of people, as well as wooden trumpets (ragai and dandytės). Kanklės is an extremely important folk instrument, which differs in the number of strings and performance techniques across the country. Other traditional instruments include švilpas whistle, drums and tabalas (a percussion instrument like a gong), sekminių ragelis (bagpipe) and the pūslinė, a musical bow made from a pig's bladder filled with dried peas.

See also

 Lithuania
 Lithuania Minor
 Baltic states
 List of Lithuanians
 List of Lithuanian philosophers
 Lithuanian American
 Lithuanians in the United Kingdom
 Lithuanian Scots
 Lithuanians in Brazil

Notes

References

External links

Baltic peoples
Ethnic groups in Lithuania

Lithuanians


Giovanni Lodetti (født 10. august 1942 i Caselle Lurani, Italien, død 22. september 2023) var en italiensk fodboldspiller (midtbane).

Lodetti blev europamester med Italiens landshold ved EM 1968 på hjemmebane, og spillede én af italienernes tre kampe i turneringen. I alt nåede han at spille 17 kampe for landsholdet, hvori han scorede to mål. Han deltog også ved VM 1966 i England.

På klubplan spillede Lodetti hele karrieren i hjemlandet, hvor han blandt andet tilbragte ni år hos AC Milan og fire år hos Sampdoria. Han vandt to italienske mesterskaber, en Coppa Italia-titel og to udgaver af Mesterholdenes Europa Cup med Milan.

Titler
Serie A
 1962 og 1968 med AC Milan

Coppa Italia
 1967 med AC Milan

Mesterholdenes Europa Cup
 1963 og 1969 med AC Milan

Pokalvindernes Europa Cup
 1968 med Inter

Intercontinental Cup
 1969 med Inter

EM
 1968 med Italien

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Italien
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 1966
Deltagere ved det europæiske mesterskab i fodbold 1968

Giovanni Lodetti


عقد 1210 هو عقد امتد بين 1 يناير 1210 و31 ديسمبر 1219 بحسب التقويم الميلادي. سبقه عقد 1200 ولحقه عقد 1220.

أحداث

 معركة بوفين (1214)
 معركة العقاب (1212)
 مجمع لاتران الرابع (1215)

مواليد

 إيزبيلا ملكة أرمينيا (1213)
 ابن سعيد المغربي (1213)
 إبراهيم بن لقمان (1216)
 هولاكو خان (1217)
 جون الأول، كونت درو (1215)
 فيولانتي من المجر (1215)
 ابن خلكان (1211)
 تكلا هيمانوت (1215)
 علاء الدين محمد بن الحسن (1211)
 هنري الخامس، كونت لوكسمبورغ (1217)
 بياتريس دي إستي، ملكة المجر (1215)

وفيات

 بياتريس من هوهنشتاوفن (1212)
 الظاهر غازي (1216)
 عبد الله بن حمزة (1217)
 يوأنس السادس (1216)
 جون ملك إنجلترا (1216)
 إينوسنت الثالث (1216)
 فسيفولود الثالث العش الكبير (1212)
 آرام شاه بن قطب الدين (1211)
 ابن هبل (1213)
 شرف الدين الطوسي (1213)
 تامار ملكة جورجيا (1213)

كتب

 موسوعة حضارة العالم (2002) لأحمد محمد عوف.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

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