La Maxus Mifa 9 est un monospace électrique produit par le constructeur automobile chinois SAIC Maxus, lancé sur le marché automobile chinois en .

Présentation
Le modèle de production, appelé Maxus Mifa 9, a fait ses débuts officiels en novembre 2021 au Salon de l'automobile de Guangzhou, étant le véhicule électrique le plus grand et le plus luxueux de la marque Maxus.

Visuellement, le Mifa 9 se distingue par une silhouette massive peinte en deux couleurs, une forme de carrosserie régulière et un éclairage entièrement LED. Les feux arrière étaient décorés de lampes de style "trois bras", dominant la carrosserie en largeur et en longueur. L'habitacle est luxueusement aménagé et peut accueillir 6 sièges séparés avec une gamme complète de réglages.

La production et les ventes de Mifa 9 ont commencé juste après sa présentation début novembre en Chine continentale. De plus, Maxus prévoit également de commencer à vendre le véhicule sur certains marchés d'Europe de l'Ouest, dont le Royaume-Uni.

Caractéristiques techniques
Le Mifa 9 est un monospace entièrement électrique propulsé par un moteur de 245 ch (180 kW) et  de couple. La batterie lithium-ion CATL, d'une capacité de 90 kWh, permet au conducteur de parcourir environ 520 kilomètres. En 2023, la gamme sera complétée par un modèle avec un plus gros pack de batteries, qui permettra une autonomie de 650 km.

Concept car
Le Mifa 9 est préfiguré par le concept car Maxus Mifa présenté au salon de l'automobile de Shanghai en , montrant le concept d'un grand monospace luxueux à propulsion tout électrique.

Notes et références

Lien externe

Automobile électrique
Automobile des années 2020
Monospace

Maxus Mifa 9


Kapudžuh ili Kapidžik (armenski: Կապուտջուղ, azerski: Qapıcıq, ruski: Капутджух, Капыджик, ponegdje i Гапыджыг) je najviši planinski vrh Zangezurskih planina. Nalazi se na granici između Armenije i Nahičevanske Autonomne Republike, autonomne republike Azerbajdžana. nadmorska visina vrha 3.904 m, a relativna visina iznosi 1.815 m. Na vrhu je prisutan vječni snijeg i ledenjaci.

Kapudžuh je po visini drugi najveći vrh Armenije (najviši je Aragac). U podnožju Kapudžuha postoje ležišta granita i granodiorita.

Izvori

Povezani članci
 Armenska visoravan

Reljefni oblici u Armeniji
Planine u azijskom dijelu Azerbajdžana
Planinski vrhovi u Aziji
Armensko-azerbajdžanska granica

Kapudžuh


A computer poker player is a computer program designed to play the game of poker (generally the Texas hold 'em version), against human opponents or other computer opponents. It is commonly referred to as pokerbot or just simply bot. As of 2019, computers can beat any human player in poker.

On the Internet
These bots or computer programs are used often in online poker situations as either legitimate opponents for humans players or a form of cheating.  As of 2020, all use of Real-Time Assistance (RTA) or automated bots is considered cheating by all online poker sites, although the level of enforcement from site operators varies considerably.

Player bots
Use of player bots or computer assistance while playing online poker is prohibited by most, if not all, online sites. Actions taken for breaches are a permanent ban and confiscation of winnings.  One kind of bot can interface with the poker client (in other words, play by itself as an auto player) without the help of its human operator. Real-Time Assistance (RTA) is another method of using computer programs. RTA is when a human player uses program called an "solver" such as PioSOLVER or PokerSnowie, running on a different computer, to make their decisions.

The issue of unfair advantage is twofold. For one, bots can play for many hours at a time without human weaknesses such as fatigue and can endure the natural variances of the game without being influenced by human emotion (or "tilt"). Secondly, since 2019, the computer program Pluribus (poker bot) is successful enough at reading bluffs, calculating odds, and adjusting to strategy that it consistently beats professional poker players at 6-player no-limit Hold'em.

House enforcement
While the terms and conditions of poker sites generally forbid the use of bots, the level of enforcement depends on the site operator.  Some will seek out and ban bot users through the utilization of a variety of software tools.  The poker client can be programmed to try to detect bots although this is controversial in its own right as it might be seen as tantamount to embedding spyware in the client software.  Another method is to use CAPTCHAs at random intervals during play to catch automated bots, although isn't effective against Real-Time Assistance.

House bots
"House bots" can pose a conflict of interest.  By the strictest definition, a house bot is an automated player operated by the online poker room itself.  These type of bots would be the equivalent of brick and mortar shills.

Both brick and mortar casino shills and online house bots are not supposed to have access to any information that is not also available to any other player in the hand. The problem is that in an online setting the house has no way to prove their bots are not receiving sensitive information from the card server. This is further exacerbated by the ease with which clandestine information sharing can be accomplished in a digital environment. It is essentially impossible even for the house to prove that they do not control some players.

Artificial Intelligence
Like in the games of chess, Go (game), and many other games, artificial intelligence systems beat even the best humans at poker. Poker is a game of imperfect information (because some cards in play are concealed) thus making it harder for anyone (including a computer) to deduce the final outcome of the hand. Because of this lack of information, the computer's programmers used to have to implement systems based on the Bayes theorem, Nash equilibrium, Monte Carlo simulation or neural networks, all of which are imperfect techniques. Pluribus, however, perfected poker by only looking ahead a few moves to determine what action to take, rather than attempting to evaluate all moves until the end of the game.

Older AIs like PokerSnowie and Claudico were created by allowing the computer to determine the best possible strategy by letting it play itself an enormous number of times. For years, this was the approach to poker AI, as opposed to attempting to make a computer that plays like a human. This resulted in odd bet sizing and a much different strategy than humans are used to seeing.

Methods were first developed to approximate perfect poker strategy from the game theory perspective in the heads-up (two player) game, and then for the multi-player game. Perfect strategy has multiple meanings in this context.  From a game-theoretic optimal point of view, a perfect strategy is one that cannot expect to lose to any other player's strategy; however, optimal strategy can vary in the presence of sub-optimal players who have weaknesses that can be exploited. In this case, a perfect strategy is one that correctly or closely models those weaknesses and takes advantage of them to make a profit, such as those explained above.

AI broke through to superhuman performance in poker during the 2010s, with the following timeline. In 2015, computers solved heads-up limit hold'em via Cepheus. Around 2018, Libratus demonstrated superhuman ability in heads-up no-limit hold'em. In 2019, Pluribus (a newer version of Libratus) demonstrated superhuman ability at six-player no-limit hold'em, the most commonly played single variety of poker in the world. In 2021, Microsoft released the older poker-playing program, Libratus, commercially, which then beat four professional poker players in a 20-day long poker competition at Rivers Casino.

Research groups

Neo Poker Laboratory
Neo Poker Lab was an established science team focused on the research of poker artificial intelligence. For several years it  developed and applied state-of-the-art algorithms and procedures like regret minimization and gradient search equilibrium approximation, decision trees, recursive search methods as well as expert algorithms to solve a variety of problems related to the game of poker. Neo Poker Lab's website, https://www.neopokerlab.com is no longer running.

The University of Auckland Game AI Group
Until 2017, a team from the University of Auckland consisted of a small number of scientists who employ case-based reasoning to create and enhance Texas Hold'em poker agents. The group applied different AI techniques to a number of games including participation in the commercial projects Small Worlds and Civilization (video game).

Computer Poker Research Group (University of Alberta, Canada)
Until 2019, a large amount of the research into computer poker players was being performed at the University of Alberta by the Computer Poker Research Group, led by Dr. Michael Bowling.  The group developed the agents Poki, PsOpti, Hyperborean and Polaris.  Poki has been licensed for the entertainment game STACKED featuring Canadian poker player Daniel Negreanu.  PsOpti was available under the name "SparBot" in the poker training program "Poker Academy".  The series of Hyperborean programs have competed in the Annual Computer Poker Competition, most recently taking three gold medals out of six events in the 2012 competition.  The same line of research also produced Polaris, which played against human professionals in 2007 and 2008, and became the first computer poker program to win a meaningful poker competition.

In January 2015, an article in Science by Michael Bowling, Neil Burch, Michael Johanson, and Oskari Tammelin claimed that their poker bot Cepheus had "essentially weakly solved" the game of heads-up limit Texas hold 'em.

School of Computer Science from Carnegie Mellon University
T. Sandholm and A. Gilpin from Carnegie Mellon University started poker AI research in 2004 beginning with unbeatable agent for 3-card game called Rhode-Island Hold 'em. Next step was GS1 which outperformed the best commercially available poker bots. In 2006, poker agents from this group started participating in annual computer competitions. "At some point we will have a program better than the best human players" – claimed Sandholm, whose bot, Claudico, faced off against four human opponents in 2015.

In 2017 the program's software, Libratus, faced off against four professional poker players. By the end of the experiment the four human players had lost a combined $1.8 million of simulated money to Libratus.

In 2019, Libratus was replaced by the final version called Pluribus (poker bot).

Historic contests

ICCM 2004 PokerBot competition
One of the earliest no-limit poker bot competitions was organized in 2004 by International Conference on Cognitive Modelling. The tournament hosted five bots from various universities from around the world. The winner was Ace Gruber, from University of Toronto.

ACM competitions
The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) used to host competitions where the competitors submit a piece of software capable of playing poker on their specific platform. The event hosts conducted the contests by operating the software and reporting the results.

The 2005 World Series of Poker Robots
In the summer 2005, the online poker room Golden Palace hosted a promotional tournament in Las Vegas, at the old Binions, with a $100k giveaway prize. It was billed as the 2005 World Series of Poker Robots.  The tournament was bots only with no entry fee.  The bot developers were computer scientists from six nationalities who traveled at their own expense.  The host platform was Poker Academy.  The event also featured a demonstration heads-up event with Phil Laak.

University of Alberta's Man V Machine experiments
In the summer 2007, the University of Alberta hosted a highly specialized heads-up tournament between humans and their Polaris bot, at the AAAI conference in Vancouver, BC, Canada. The host platform was written by the University of Alberta. There was a $50k maximum giveaway purse with special rules to motivate the humans to play well.  The humans paid no entry fee.  The unique tournament featured four duplicate style sessions of 500 hands each.  The humans won by a narrow margin.

In the summer of 2008, the University of Alberta and the poker coaching website Stoxpoker ran a second tournament during the World Series of Poker in Las Vegas.  The tournament had six duplicate sessions of 500 hands each, and the human players were Heads-Up Limit specialists.  Polaris won the tournament with 3 wins, 2 losses and a draw.  The results of the tournament, including the hand histories from the matches, are available on the competition website.

The 2015 Brains vs AI competition by Rivers Casino, CMU and Microsoft
From April–May 2015, Carnegie Mellon University Sandholm's bot, Claudico, faced off against four human opponents, in a series of no-limit Texas Hold'em matches. Finally, after playing 80,000 hands, humans were up by a combined total of $732,713. But even though humans technically won, scientists considered the win as statistically insignificant (rather, a statistical tie) when that $732,713 is compared to the total betting amount of $170,000,000 ($170 million). However, some have determined this claim to be disingenuous. Statistically insignificant here means that the programmers of Claudico can not say with 95% confidence (a 95% confidence interval) that humans are better than the computer program. However, it is a statistically significant win on a 90% confidence interval. This means that the human players are somewhere between a 10 to 1 and 20 to 1 favorite.

The way the tournament was structured was in two sets of two players each. In each of the two sets, the players got the opposite cards. Meaning if the computer has As9c (Ace of Spades & Nine of Clubs) and the human has Jh8d on one computer, the other of the two players in the set will have As9c up against the computer's Jh8d. However, even with the human players winning more than the computer—not all of the players were positive in their head-to-head match ups.

The totals for each of the players winnings were as follows:
 Douglas Polk: +$213,671
 Dong Kim: +$70,491
 Bjorn Li: +$529,033
 Jason Les: -$80,482

The Annual Computer Poker Competition
From 2006 to 2018, the Annual Computer Poker Competition ran a series of competitions for poker programs.  Since 2010, three types of poker were played: Heads-Up Limit Texas Hold'em, Heads-Up No-Limit Texas Hold'em, and 3-player Limit Texas Hold'em.  Within each event, two winners are named: the agent that wins the most matches (Bankroll Instant Run-off), and the agent that wins the most money (Total Bankroll).  These winners are often not the same agent, as Bankroll Instant Run-off rewards robust players, and Total Bankroll rewards players that are good at exploiting the other agents' mistakes.  The competition was motivated by scientific research, and there was an emphasis on ensuring that all of the results are statistically significant by running millions of hands of poker. The 2012 competition had the same formats with more than 70 million hands played to eliminate luck factor.

Some researchers developed web application where people could play and assess quality of the AI. So as of December 2012 the following top groups and individual researchers' agents could be found:
 Hyperborean (9 gold, 5 silver and 3 bronze)
 Bluffbot (1 gold, 3 silver and 2 bronze medals)
 Sartre (1 gold, 5 silver and 3 bronze medals)
 Neo Poker Bot (1 gold, 5 bronze medals)

Results

Pluribus
The final poker contest was not public. When the Pluribus (poker bot) program consistently beat professionals at 6-hand no-limit Hold'em, the result was quietly announced on a Facebook post.

See also
 Polaris (poker bot)
 Cepheus (poker bot)
 Pluribus (poker bot)

References

External links
 The Annual Computer Poker Competition (last played in 2018)
 Programming Poker AI Article by the programmer of the AI for the World Series of Poker Game. November, 2005.

 MSNBC Article - 2004-Sep
 Science News: The Ultimate Poker Face. (Archived link.) June 2008.
 NYTimes.com: Poker Bots Invade Online Gambling. March 13, 2011.
NYTimes.com (archived article), "How A.I Conquered Poker", Jan 18, 2022
NYTimes.com (archived article), "The Chatbots Can't Outsmart You. Yet." Jan 20, 2023
 CMU deals a winning hand for Texas Hold 'em Article about Carnegie Mellon University poker AI research group

Game artificial intelligence
Gambling technology

Computer poker player


La  est une gare ferroviaire situé sur le territoire de la localité de Planchamp, appartenant à la commune suisse de Montreux, dans le canton de Vaud.

Situation ferroviaire

Établie à  d'altitude, la gare de Planchamp est située au point kilométrique  de la ligne de Montreux à Lenk im Simmental.

Elle est dotée d'une voie bordée par un quai.

Histoire

La gare de Planchamp a été mise en service en  en même temps que la section de Montreux aux Avants de la ligne de Montreux à Lenk im Simmental.

Service des voyageurs

Accueil
Gare du MOB, elle est dotée d'un simple quai ne disposant d'aucun autre équipement pour les voyageurs.

La gare n'est pas accessible aux personnes à mobilité réduite.

Desserte
La gare de Planchamp est desservie toutes les heures par un train Regio du MOB qui relie Montreux aux Avants en desservant toutes les gares.

Intermodalité
La gare de Planchamp n'est en correspondance avec aucune autre ligne de transports en commun.

Projet

Une étude préliminaire terminée à la fin de l'année  a permis d'envisager deux projets de création de points de croisement sur la ligne du MOB dans l'optique de la mise en place de l'horaire de , sur la commune de Saanen et au niveau de la gare de Planchamp. La phase d'avant-projet a démarré au niveau de l'année .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Montreux
 Chemin de fer Montreux Oberland bernois

Liens externes

 .

Gare dans le canton de Vaud
Gare du Montreux Oberland bernois
Gare mise en service en 1901
Gare de Planchamp

Gare de Planchamp


Mundial fotofestival Rovinj (MUFF), hrvatska godišnja međunarodna manifestacija vizualnih umjetnosti u Rovinju sa središnjom, tematski osmišljenom i žiriranom izložbom Međunarodni salon fotografije.

Održava se od 1990. u Rovinju, u kojem se od sred. 19. st. njeguje umjetnička fotografija (L. D. Caenazzo). Organizator mu je i nositelj kulturnog programa Centar vizualnih umjetnosti Batana (CVU), osnovan 1990. kao sljednik društvene organizacije Foto film klub Rovinj. Sudjeluje u kulturnoj razmjeni s inozemstvom. Kao smotra recentnoga svjetskog fotoamaterizma pod pokroviteljstvom je međunarodnih fotografskih organizacija FIAP (Fédération Internationale de l'Art Photographique) i PSA (Photographic Society of America). Na njemu svake godine prosječno sudjeluje više od 1200 autora iz više od 70 zemalja. Rad mu je zacrtan kroz 24 programske smjernice tijekom kalendarske godine. Program se odvija u prostoru Photo Art Gallery Batana (PAG, osnovan 1985), a važniji su mu dijelovi Međunarodni salon fotografije, Međunarodni circuit dijapozitiva Ars Histriae, Euro art program (kolektivne i samostalne izložbe hrv. i inozemnih autora), Međunarodne projekcije Audio multivizije, Međunarodni portfolio fotografije Istarski krug, Međunarodni praktikum fotografije Alpe–Jadran. U centru postoji fotobiblioteka (specijalizirani fond knjiga o fotografiji i dr.) te bogati fond međunarodne fotografije. Utemeljitelj je PAG-a i CVU-a, autor kulturnog programa i od osnutka umjetnički ravnatelj MUFF-a Virgilio Giuricin.

Literatura
LIT.: Mundial fotofestival 1951–2001 danas...oggi...today... (katalog), Rovinj 2001; MUFF 2003, međunarodna zbirka fotografije (katalog), Rovinj 2003.

Izvori

Rovinj
Fotografija
Festivali fotografije

Mundial fotofestival Rovinj


was a town located in Tagata District, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan in central Izu Peninsula.

As of March 1, 2005, the town had an estimated population of 15,169 and a density of 348 persons per km². The total area was 43.56 km². The town has a station on the Izuhakone Railway.

On April 1, 2005, Ōhito, along with the towns of Izunagaoka and Nirayama (all from Tagata District), was merged to create the city of Izunokuni and thus it no longer exists as an independent municipality.

See also
Ohito Declaration

External links
 Izunokuni official website

Dissolved municipalities of Shizuoka Prefecture
Populated places disestablished in 2005
2005 disestablishments in Japan
Izunokuni

Ōhito, Shizuoka


Taraxia, rod sjevernoameričkog bilja iz porodice vrbolikovki. Postoji svega četiri priznatih vrsta na zapadu SAD-a i Kanade.; trajnice

Vrste
 Taraxia breviflora (Torr. & A.Gray) Nutt. ex Small
 Taraxia ovata (Nutt.) Small
 Taraxia subacaulis (Pursh) Rydb
 Taraxia tanacetifolia (Torr. & A.Gray) Piper

Izvori

Vrbolikovke

Taraxia


Kastilya-La Mança (İspanyolca: ), İspanya'da Özerk Bölge. Yüzölçümü 79,463 km², nüfusu ise 2,041,631'dir. Başkenti Toledo şehridir. Önemli şehirleri Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca ve Guadalajara'dır.

Galeri

Kastilya-La Mancha


Weede er en by og en kommune i det nordlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Trave-Land under Kreis Segeberg. Kreis Segeberg ligger i den sydøstlige del af delstaten Slesvig-Holsten.

Geografi
Weede ligger lige øst for Bad Segeberg ved motorvejen A 20 mod Lübeck. I kommunen ligger ud over Weede landsbyerne Herrenbranden, Mielsdorf, Söhren og Steinbek. Fra 1916 til 1967 havde Weede jernbanestation på linjen Lübeck-Bad Segeberg.

Eksterne kilder/henvisninger

 Kommunens websted
 Statistikamt Nord – Bevölkerung der Gemeinden in Schleswig-Holstein 4. Quartal 2014 (XLSX-Data) (Fortschreibung auf Basis des Zensus 2011)

Byer i Slesvig-Holsten
Kommuner i Slesvig-Holsten
Byer i Kreis Segeberg

Weede


David Steurer, né le 16 février 1984 à Heilbronn, est un informaticien théoricien allemand, professeur à l'École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich.

Carrière
Steurer a étudié à l'université de la Sarre (2003-2006), puis à l'université de Princeton où il a obtenu un doctorat en 2010 sous la direction de Sanjeev Arora, avec une thèse intitulée On the Complexity of Unique Games and Graph Expansion. Il est ensuite postdoc à  Microsoft Research New England jusqu'en 2012, professeur assistant à l'université Cornell jusqu'en 2017, date à laquelle il devient professeur assistant à l'École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich. Il y est professeur associé depuis 2020.

Travaux

Steurer travaille en , des problèmes d'optimisation où les contraintes sont exprimées par des sommes de carrés de polynômes homogènes, et plus généralement aux méthodes de relaxation de la programmation mathématique, en particulier la programmation semi-définie. Il s'intéresse aux algorithmes d'approximation et à la dureté de l'approximation, notamment dans le contexte de la conjecture des jeux uniques. Il travaille également sur la complexité computationnelle des problèmes d'estimation en dimensions élevées qui se posent dans l'apprentissage automatique, par exemple, la décomposition tensorielle, le regroupement, les modèles de mélange gaussien.

Publications (sélection)
.
.
.
.

Distinctions
Steurer a été conférencier invité au congrès international des mathématiciens à Rio de Janeiro (2018), avec Prasad Raghavendra : High Dimensional estimation via Sum-of-Squares Proofs.

Il est lauréat, en 2018, du prix Michael et Sheila Held avec  Prasad Raghavendra.

Il bénéficie d'un ERC Consolidator Grant, 2019. Il est lauréat du Amnon Pazy Memorial Award, 2015 (avec Dinur et Raghavendra). Il a obtenu le STOC Best Paper Award en 2015 et le FOCS Best Paper Award, 2010.

Il a reçu diverses bourses, dont le Microsoft Research Faculty Fellowship, 2014, University Fellowship and Merit Award, Princeton University, 2006, et Scholarship of the German National Merit Foundation, 2003–2006. Il est boursier Sloan en 2014.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Étudiant de l'université de Princeton
Enseignant à l'École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich

David Steurer


Astragalus berterianus es una  especie de planta herbácea perteneciente a la familia de las leguminosas. Se encuentra en Asia.

Distribución
Es una planta herbácea perennifolia que se encuentra en Chile, en Biobio, Coquimbo, Maule, O'Higgins, Santiago y Valparaíso.

Taxonomía
Astragalus berterianus fue descrita por (Moris) Reiche y publicado en Anales de la Universidad de Chile 97: 555, en el año 1897.
Etimología
Astragalus: nombre genérico derivado del griego clásico άστράγαλος y luego del Latín astrăgălus aplicado ya en la antigüedad, entre otras cosas, a algunas plantas de la familia Fabaceae, debido a la forma cúbica de sus semillas parecidas a un hueso del pie.

berterianus: epíteto otorgado en honor del médico y botánico italiano Carlo Giuseppe Bertero (1789-1831).
Sinonimia
Astragalus aconcaguensis Speg.
Astragalus canescens (Hook. & Arn.) A.Gray
Astragalus dolichostachys Reiche
Astragalus laxiflorus (Phil.) Reiche
Astragalus laxiflorus var. dissitiflora (Phil.) Reiche
Astragalus oblongifolius Clos
Astragalus placens var. oblongifolius (Clos) Reiche
Astragalus sphaerocarpus Clos
Phaca berteriana Moris
Phaca canescens Hook. & Arn.
Phaca dissitiflora Phil.
Phaca dolichostachya Phil.
Phaca laxiflora Phil.
Tragacantha berteroana (Moris) Kuntze
Tragacantha oblongifolia (Clos) Kuntze

Referencias

Enlaces externos

berterianus
Flora del centro de Chile
Plantas descritas en 1897
Plantas descritas por Moris
Plantas descritas por Reiche

Astragalus berterianus


نظم تعديل القيد  تستعمله البكتيريا وربما بعض الكائنات بدائيات النوى لحماية نفسها من الدنا الأجنبي، مثل ذلك المنقول بالعواثي. اٍكتشفت هذه الظاهرة في خمسينات القرن العشرين. اٍكتشف بأن بعض سلالات البكتيريا تثبط نمو الفيروسات بداخلها. أوكل هذا الفعل لتسلسل محدد لإنزيمات الاقتطاع.

المراجع

نص عنوان رئيسي

جهاز مناعي
عاثيات
علم الأحياء الجزيئي
علم الأحياء الدقيقة

نظم تعديل القيد


An Amorphophallus konkanensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Hett., S.R.Yadav ngan K.S.Patil. An Amorphophallus konkanensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Amorphophallus, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Amorphophallus

Amorphophallus konkanensis


Hayriye, İnegöl - Bursa ili İnegöl ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Yenişehir - Bursa ili Yenişehir ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Çardak - Denizli ili Çardak ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Çifteler - Eskişehir ili Çifteler ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Pınarbaşı - Kayseri ili Pınarbaşı ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Karamürsel - Kocaeli ili Karamürsel ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Hayriye, Armutlu - Yalova ili Armutlu ilçesine bağlı köy

Hayriye


Mladi Muslimani je organizacija bošnjačkih muslimanskih aktivista u Bosni i Hercegovini. Osnovana je 1939. godine.

Povijest
Mladi Muslimani su osnovani 1939. godine. Kao organizacija su bili u sukobu s Islamskom zajednicom. I prije osnivanja postojale su idejne osnove sukoba. Formulirao ih je jedan tuzlanski liječnik još 1934. godine. Ideološko formiranje i okupljanje samonikla je pojava među tom skupinom muslimana u staroj Jugoslaviji. Naziv "Mladi muslimani" nije bio još postojao, nego su se okupljali, kako je 1991. tvrdio Emin Granov, "na islamskoj idejnoj, a politički bošnjačkoj nacionalnoj platformi". Okupljali su se gimnazijalci i mali maturanti. Sastajalište im je bila "Trezvenost" i privatne kuće. Prvotno je to bio uži krug ljudi čiji se pokret naglo proširio među muslimanskom mladeži i počelo je uzajamno povezivanje.

Naziv "Mladi Muslimani" došao je 1942./1943. godine. Dotad su djelovali kao omladinski ogranak El-Hidaje, udruge vjerskih službenika, osnovano 1930-ih radi legalnosti, jer je bilo opasno djelovati u nekoj organizaciji koja nije legalna. O registriranju ih je obavijestio Murtez Dervišević kad se vratio iz Sarajeva. Sastajalište je sad bilo u prostorijama El Hidaje. Kad se to dogodilo, članovi su bili na studiju u domu Narodne uzdanice u Zagrebu, a povremeno su odlazili u Sarajevo do odlaska u vojsku 1943. godine. Dio članova nevoljko je gledao na djelovanje pri El Hidaje, jer nisu htjeli da izgledaju kao da su pod nečijim utjecajem, jer su nastali kao autohtona pojava. Pretkraj rata opet su u Sarajevu kao vojni bjegunci, studenti Višta (Nuvaba), na vojnom dopustu, kao pripadnici muslimanske milicije s lažnim vojnim ispravama.

Na vanjskom planu, organizacija je nastala ožujka 1941. godine. Nisu imali afinitet ni prema kakvoj državi. Htjeli su biti ako je moguće nekakva autonomna oblast pod njemačkom vlašću, i nisu imali težnje biti Hrvatima. Htjeli su autonomiju Bosne, spominjan je i Sandžak, i napraviti demonstracije da bi Njemačkoj dali do znanja da ne žele Bosnu u BiH, ne pitajući pritom šta misle Hrvati. Tarik Muftić je u NDH 1941. pokušao u Zagrebu legalizirati Društvo Mladih Muslimana. Otišao je kod predratnog poznanika, utjecajnu osobu u NDH Aliji Šuljku. Šuljak, profesor u Trebinju, bio je žestoki ustaša i znao je da je Muftić napadao hrvatske ekstremiste jednog kad su se skupa vozili vlakom od Trebinja ka Sarajevu i nije mu to zaboravio. Šuljak ga je uputio kolegi iz ministarstva fra Radi Glavašu. Muftić je promislio da šta će mu fratar odobravati muslimansko društvo i nije pošao.

Premad su studirali u Hrvatskoj i uživali hrvatski akademski sustav, protivili su se hrvatskoj državi. Negativno su gledali na NDH, ustaštvo, protiv nacionalnog osvještavanja hrvatskih muslimana, pisali rezolucije protiv ustaških zlodjela a tek poslije četničkih, lažno tvrdeći da Katolička ništa nije poduzela niti osudila, premda su kad je dolazila NDH muslimanske četvrti u Sarajevu bile okićenje nacističkim zastavama, a katoličke hrvatskim.

Poslije Drugoga svjetskog rata jugokomunistički sustav proganjao je pripadnike, osobito od 1945. do 1949. godine.
Tijekom rata dio Mladih Muslimana djelovala je pri El Hidaji, a većina prvobitnih u Merhametu baveći se muhadžirima. Mladi Muslimani djelovali su rasuto, vezani jednom idejom. Poslije su oni manje buntovni ostali pri El Hidaji, a buntovniji izvan. Mladi Muslimani bili su antikomunisti, zbog čega ih ustaše nisu gledali kao neprijatelje, iako su bili svjesni da nisu s njima. Iako antikomunisti, nisu ih odmah po završetku rata proganjali. Mladi Muslimani bili su antiklerikalni, smatrajući da je "stalež hodža i šejhova nesposoban obnoviti islam, jer su kao svećenički stalež sputani formalističkim pogledom na islam zbog čega nema smjelosti ni mašte i da pogled treba usmjeriti u drugom pravcu u kojem će se napraviti radikalan korak ka napretku i preporodu." Svećenički stalež smatrali su kolaboracijskim sa svakim režimom.

Pripadnicima Mladih Muslimana se sudilo poslije rata u više valova. Prvo uhićenje bilo je 1. ožujka 1946., i nastavljeno drugom skupinom iste godine, još jedna skupina 1947., treća 1948. četvrta i peta pa onda 1949. Javni tužitelj Enver Krzić predlagao je drakonske kazne. Izetbegovića je spasilo što je osuđen tri godine prije. Alija Izetbegović procijenio je da je osuđen 1949. da bi bio pogubljen. Godine 1946. je odgovarao za neke stare stvari, a 1949. je na plenumu organizacije 20. i 21. veljače odlučeno da se izravno ustane u borbu protiv komunističkog sustava.

Organizacija je imala nekoliko struja. Mostarska je bila radikalnija i nisu bili za nenasilne metode borbe. Zbog toga su novinski izvještaji u Oslobođenju, Borbi, Politici prikazivali Mlade Muslimane kao jaku terorističku organizaciju.

Nekoliko je skupina osuđeno. Prva je osuđena 1946., u kojoj su osuđeni Alija Izetbegović, Nedžib Šaćirbegović, Ešref Čampara i dr. na kazne od 3 do 4 godine. Glavnoj je skupini suđeno u vrijeme dok je bila na snazi Rezolucija Informbiroa, 1949. godine. Tužitelj Enver Krzić inzistirao je na svezi Informbiroa i Mladih muslimana. Glasila u svim republikama davala su veliku važnost ovom slučaju. Na smrt strijeljanjem, konfiskaciju imovine i trajni gubitak časnih prava osuđeni su Hasan Biber, Halid Kajtaz, Omer Stupac i Nusret Fazlibegović. 20 godina robije s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i petogodišnji gubitak časnih prava dosuđen je Ismetu Serdareviću. Mahmut Jarebica i Tarik Muftić dobili su kaznu od 12 godina robije s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i četverogodišnji gubitak građanskih prava. Hilmija Muftić dobio je kaznu od 16 godina robije s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i četverogodišnji gubitak građanskih prava. Ramo Habota dobio je kaznu od 8 godina s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i dvogodišnji gubitak građanskih prava. Ejub Hadžić dobio je kaznu od 7 godina robije s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i jednogodišnji gubitak građanskih prava. Kemal Kurbegović i Sulejman Musakadić dobili su kaznu od 3 godine robije s popravnim radom, konfiskacijom imovine i jednogodišnji gubitak građanskih prava. Uz ovo suđenje, suđeno je pripadnicima Mladih Muslimana i na procesima gdje su pripadnici osuđeni u Mostaru (Salih Behmen, Omer Behmen, Teufik Velagić i dr.), Zenici, Banjoj Luci, Tuzli i gotovo svim drugim gradovima u BiH.

Islamska zajednica, smatrala je Mlade Muslimane suviše radikalnim, a Mladi Muslimani Islamsku zajednicu suviše neaktivnom. Vakufski sabor IVZ-a službeno je članove Mladih Muslimana isključio iz svojih redova prilikom procesa 1949. godine. Na sjednici vakufskog sabora Islamske zajednice u Narodnoj Republici BiH 14. kolovoza 1949. godine u Sarajevu ocijenio je djelovanje Mladih Muslimana koje je nazvao neprijateljskom i terorističkom organizacijom i donio posebnu rezoluciju o njima. U njoj je izjavljeno da "u posljednje vrijeme, pod plaštom tobožnje vjerske zanesenosti"  Mladi Muslimani ponovo pokušavaju djelovati, organizirajući svoje ilegalne grupice, radeći na rušenju narodne vlasti i spremanju terorističkih napada radi ostvarenja svojih odvratnih i izdajničkih ciljeva".

Islamska zajednica odbacila je tad panislamizam Mladih Muslimana, izjavivši ""Panislamizam, parola s kojom su nastupali 'Mladi Muslimani' za vrijeme okupacije a i danas, jeste parola imperijalizma s kojom imperijalisti nastupaju svuda gdje hoće da lome oslobodilačke pokrete naroda u islamskim državama ili gdje razbijaju jedinstvo i slogu muslimana koji žive u sretnoj zajednici s braćom ostalih vjeroispovijesti." Doista, program Mladih Muslimana ima pet ključnih točaka, a jedna od njih je da "hodže ne mogu biti nositelji islamskog preporoda". Alija Izetbegović je otvoreno priznao 1990-ih da su u Mladim Muslimanima uvijek imali snažnu antiklerikalističku tendenciju. Tvrdio je ""Mi smo uvijek vjerovali da je stalež hodža i šejhova nesposoban obnoviti islam, da ne treba upirati pogled u tom pravcu, da tu nade nema."

Pripadnicima Mladih Muslimana, u Jugoslaviji su izrečene teške kazne. Brojni aktivisti su uhićeni i proganjani. Po težini i dužini izrečeni kazna i broju osoba nad kojim je režim vršio represiju, to su bili skoro najveći politički procesi među Bošnjacima. Poznat je Sarajevski proces 1983. godine. Članovima organizacije sudilo se za "neprijateljsku i kontrarevolucionarnu djelatnost s pozicija muslimanskog nacionalizma"; glavni optuženi bio je Alija Izetbegović. Na suđenju su optuženi da žele uspostaviti čisto islamsku Bosnu i Hercegovinu i osuđeni. Ubijeni pripadnici su Asaf Serdarević, Nurudin Gackić, Sakib Nišić, Osman Krupalija, Mustafa Busuladžić, Hasan Biber, Halid Kajtaz, Nusret Fazlibegović, Omer Stupac, Asim Čamdžić, Fikret Pločo, Omer Kovač i Esad Karađozović.

Mladi Muslimani su imali svoj ogranak i u Sandžaku nakon Drugog svjetskog rata osnivan 17. aprila 1946. Glavni inicijator za osnivanje ove organizacije je bio Sulejman Kačar, a kao glavni pokrovitelj bio je Ismail Filibalić. Nakon samo dvije godine i smrti alima Ismaila ef. Filibalića od 1948. godine, mnogi članovi ove organizacije osuđivani su na teške zatvorske kazne. Organizacija je imala žensku granu Mlade Muslimanke. Temeljem knjige Ismeta Kasumagića "Trinaest mladomuslimanskih šehida" snimljen je istoimeni film u produkciji Udruženja "Mladi Muslimani" i BRT International iz Sarajeva.

Slom komunizma u Jugoslaviji omogućio je 1990. uvođenje demokracije i pojavu višestranačja. Obnovom demokratskog sustava, uvođenjem višestranačja, stvorili su se uvjeti za obnovu rada. Osnovana je sljednička udruga Mladih Muslimana 1990. i 1991. godine. Obnoviteljska skupština održana je 14. prosinca 1991. godine.

Izvori

Vanjske povezice
 Mladi Muslimani

Mladi Muslimani

Mladi Muslimani


Hfz. Mehmed Teufik ef. Okić (Jajce, 1870. – Sarajevo, 18. studenoga 1932.), bošnjački je teolog, naibu-reis u razdoblju Austro-Ugarske.

Životopis
Mehmed Teufik ef. Okić rođen je u Jajcu, gdje je stekao osnovno obrazovanje. Nakon završene ruždije odlazi u medresu u Banjaluku, gdje su mu učitelji bili Smail ef. Skopljak i hfz. Ibrahim ef. Maglajlić. Iz Banja Luke odlazi u Istanbul, gdje završava teološke znanosti i stječe diplomu hafiza po sedam kiraeta. Po završetku školovanja Mehmed Teufik ef. Okić se vraća u Bosnu i Hercegovinu. U Bosni i Hercegovini je bio imam, muderris (profesor), član Ulema-medžlisa (Rijaset), zamjenik reis-ul-uleme dvadeset i tri godine, dvije godine naibu-reis (nakon ostavke Sulejmana ef. Šarca). Bio je dobar govornik i predavač. Držao je predavanja širom Bosne i Hercegovine. Pored predavanja o propisima vjere islama, Mehmed Teufik ef. je zagovarao i suvremeno obrađivanje zemlje, izučavanje modernih zanata i slanje muslimanske djece u svjetovne škole.

Spadao je u red najobrazovanijih islamskih učenjaka u Bosni i Hercegovini. Knjižnica mu je brojala nekoliko tisuća odabranih knjiga s područja svih disciplina islamskih znanosti. Bavio se i književnim radom, te proučavao književnost Bošnjaka na orijentalnim jezicima.

Posebna zasluga Mehmed ef. jeste u činjenici da je obrazovao veliki broj imama. Još dok je bio profesor Osman-kapetanove medrese u Gračanici dolazili su mu učenici iz cijele Bosne i Hercegovine, koje je on podizao u imame.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Hfz. Mehmed Teufik ef. Okić

Životopisi, Jajce
Životopisi, Sarajevo
Reis-ul-ulema

Mehmed Teufik Okić


Chantal "La Fiera" Martínez (David, Chiriquí, 28 de diciembre de 1990) es una boxeadora panameña, fue campeona en peso supergallo por la Asociación Mundial de Boxeo.

Biografía
Nacida en David, Chiriquí, inició su carrera boxística en 2006 a la edad de 15 años en el Gimnasio Municipal de Antón.

Carrera
En abril de 2011 se corona campeona mundial supergallo de las 122 libras (55.34 kilos) por la Asociación Mundial de Boxeo tras vencer por decisión unámine a trinitense Lisa Brown.  En este combate Chantal es derribada en el octavo asalto, pero se recupera inmediatamente para finalizar los diez asaltos reglamentarios.  El puntaje de los jueces fue de 97-93, 95-94 y 95-94, todos a favor de La Fiera. Chantal declaró luego de este combate "les doy gracias a Dios, a mis entrenadores que hicieron el trabajo y estoy feliz de ser campeona mundial".

Primera defensa
En junio de 2011, en combate realizado en su natal Chiriquí, defiende su título exitosamente al vencer por nocaut técnico a la colombiana Paulina Cardona en el octavo asalto.

Segunda defensa
En septiembre de 2011, Chantal Martínez revalida su título de campeona de la Asociación Mundial de Boxeo al vencer a la dominicana Marilyn La Cachorrita Hernández, en un combate que duró diez asaltos, llevado a cabo en la Arena Roberto Durán en la ciudad de Panamá. Fungió como árbitro en esta pelea la argentina Romina Arroyo , quien se convirtió en la primera mujer en dirigir peleas de título mundial en Argentina .  Los jueces dieron la pelea por decisión unánime a Chantal Martínez: el nicaragüense Enrique Portocarrero por 98-92, el peruano Danilo Dongo por 98-94 y la estadounidense Carla Caíz por 96-94.

Referencias

Boxeadores de Panamá

Chantal Martínez


Aarhus Bispegård lå oprindeligt  nord for domkirken - ved Rosensgade, men efter reformationen blev et tidligere kapitelhus på Bispetorv indrettet til bispegård.

Aarhus Byråd så i midten af 1800-tallet gerne bispegården nedrevet, men biskop Brammer modsatte sig dette. Da Brammer forlod bispeembedet i 1881, var byrådet dog ikke sene til at få bispegården nedrevet.

Efter nedrivning på Bispetorvet flyttede bispeembedet i 1882 sin administration til en ejendom på hjørnet af Sønder Allé og Fredensgade. Denne ejendom blev herefter kaldet Bispegården.

Kilder og henvisninger
  Aarhus Bispegård på aarhuswiki.dk
 Om bispegården på sejrssedler.dk
Bispegård

Aarhus Bispegård


විද්‍යාඥයෝ යනු,  කිසියම් ක්‍රියා පිළිවෙලකට  දැනුම උකහා ගැනීමෙහි ක්‍රියාවලියක නියැලෙන පුද්ගලයෝ වෙති. වඩාත් දැඩි පිළිවෙලකින් අර්ථනිරූපණය කෙරෙතොත්, විද්‍යාඥයෙක් යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ, විද්‍යාත්මක ක්‍රමය භාවිතා කරන පුද්ගලයෙක් වෙයි . මෙම පුද්ගලයා,  විද්‍යාවෙහි එක් ක්ෂේත්‍රයක හෝ බොහෝ ක්ෂේත්‍රයන්හී හෝ හසලයෙක් විය හැකිය. මෙම ලිපිය විසින් අවධානය යොමු කරන්නේ වදනෙහි වඩාත් පටු භාවිතය වෙතය. භෞතික, ගණිතමය සහ සාමාජීය ක්ෂේත්‍රයන් ඇතුළු ස්වභාවධර්මය පිළිබඳ වඩාත් පෘථුල අවබෝධයක් සාක්ෂාත් කර ගැනුම වෙත පර්යේෂණ සිදු කිරීම විද්‍යාඥයින් වෙතින් සිදු වෙයි.

දර්ශන විද්‍යාව යනු ප්‍රභින්න ක්‍රියාවලියක් වන අතර එය සාමාන්‍යයෙන් විද්‍යාව ලෙසින් නොසැලකෙයි.

කිසියම් විශේෂිත අවස්ථා සඳහා මෙවලම් සැලසුම් කිරීම, තැනීම සහ නඩත්තුකිරීම සිදු කරන  ඉංජිනේරුවන් වෙතින්ද විද්‍යාඥයෝ වෙනස් වෙති; කෙසේවෙතත්, විද්‍යාව සහ විද්‍යාත්මක ක්‍රමය පිළිබඳ සැලකිය යුතු අධ්‍යයනයකින් තොරව කිසිම ඉංජිනේරුවරයෙකුට එම පදවිය අත්පත් කර ගත හැකි නොවේ. ප්‍රායෝගික උපයෝගිතාවයක් වෙත එල්ල කරමින් විද්‍යාව මෙහෙයවෙන විට එය හැඳින්වෙන්නේ ව්‍යවහාරික විද්‍යාව ලෙසිනි. ව්‍යවහාරික විද්‍යාඥයෙක් විසින් කිසියම් විශේෂිත දෙයක් සැලසුම් කිරීම සිදු නොවිය හැකි අතර, ඒ වෙනුවට ඔහු වෙතින් නව තාක්ෂණ ක්‍රමවේද සහ ප්‍රායෝගික ක්‍රම ප්‍රවර්ධනය කිරීමෙහි අරමුණ සහිතව පර්යේෂණ සිදු විය හැකිය. යථාර්ථයෙහි අස්පර්ශනීය අංශයන් ඇතුළුව විද්‍යාව මෙහෙයවෙන විට එය  ස්වභාවික දර්ශන විද්‍යාව ලෙසින් හැඳින්වෙයි.

විස්තරය
මානව පැවතුමෙහි අවිච්ඡින්න වෙනස්කිරීමක් ඉංජිනේරු ක්‍රියාවලිය ඔස්සේ සිදු කිරීමට විද්‍යාව සහ තාක්ෂණය සමත් වී ඇත.

ජනවිකාසය
විද්‍යාඥයින් ගණන රටකින් රටකට බෙහෙවින් වෙනස් වෙති. නිදසුනක් වශයෙන්, කම්කරුවන්  10,000 සඳහා පූර්ණ-කාලීන විද්‍යාඥයින් 4 දෙනෙකු ඉන්දියාවෙහි සිටින අතර මෙම සංඛ්‍යාව එක්සත් රාජධානියෙහි සහ එක්සත් ජනපදයෙහි 79 ක් වෙයි.  තෝරාගත් රටවල් සඳහා  (කම්කරුවන් 10,000 සඳහා) මෙම සංඛ්‍යාව පහත දැක්වෙයි:

 නයිජීරියාව: 1
 ඉන්දුනීසියාව: 1
 මලයාසියාව: 2
 තායිලන්තය: 2
 බංග්ලාදේශය: 2
 පකිස්තානය: 3
 ඉන්දියාව: 4
 කෙන්යාව: 6
 චිලි: 7
 බ්‍රසීලය: 14
 ඊජිප්තුව: 14
 එක්සත් අරාබි එමීර් රාජ්‍යය: 15
 සවුදි අරාබියාව: 15
 ජපානය: 18
 චීනය: 18
 දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව: 20
 නවසීලන්තය: 35
 ස්පාඤ්ඤය: 54
 රුසියාව: 58
 ප්‍රංශය: 68
 ඕස්ට්‍රේලියාව 69
 ජර්මනිය: 70
 ඉතාලිය: 70
 කැනඩාව 73
 එරා: 79
 ඇඑජ: 79

ඓතිහාසික ප්‍රවර්ධනය සහ පදයෙහි ශබ්දනිරුප්තිය

19වන සියවසෙහි අවසන් භාගය හෝ 20වන සියවසෙහි මුල් භාගය දක්වා විද්‍යාඥයින් හැඳින්වුනේ, "ස්වභාවික දර්ශනවේදීන්" හෝ "විද්‍යාවෙහි නියැලෙන්නන්" ලෙසිනි.

පුරාතන සහ මධ්‍යතන යුගයන්හී විද්‍යාව

සම්භාව්‍ය පුරාතනයෙහි ස්වභාවධර්මය පිළිබඳ අවබෝධය උකහා ගැනුමේ කර්තව්‍යයෙහි විවිධ ආකාරයෙහි ශාස්ත්‍රඥයෝ නිරතව සිටියහ. ග්‍රීකයෝ විද්‍යාවට දායකත්වය සැපයූ අතර—ජ්‍යාමිතිය සහ ගණිතමය තාරකා විද්‍යාව පිළිබඳ කෘත්‍යයන්, ජීව විද්‍යාත්මක ක්‍රියාවලීන් සහ ශාක සහ සත්ත්ව වට්ටෝරු සහ දැනුම සහ උගෙනුම පිළිබඳ ආදි විස්තර ඇතුළු—,  දර්ශනවේදීන් සහ වෛද්‍යවරුන් අතින් මෙන්ම, විවිධ වෘත්තීන්හී නියැලුනු නියුක්තිකයන් විසින්ද  එම දායකත්වය සැපයුනි. මෙම භූමිකා සහ, විද්‍යාත්මක දැනුම හා සමගින් ඒවායේ සබඳතා, රෝමානු අධිරාජ්‍යය සහ, ක්‍රිස්තියානි ආගමෙහි පැතිරීම හා සමගින් පැතිරුණු අතර, යුරෝපියානු රටවල් අතරින් බොහෝමයක ආගමික ආයතන සමග සමීපයෙන් බැඳීමකට ලක් විය. දැනුමෙහි වැදගත් අංග බවට ජ්‍යෝතීර්ශාස්ත්‍රය සහ  තාරකා විද්‍යාව පත්වූ අතර, දේශපාලන සහ ආගමික අනුග්‍රහයෙහි උපකාරයෙන් ජ්‍යෝතීර්ශාස්ත්‍රඥයාගේ/තාරකා විද්‍යාඥයාගේ භූමිකාව ප්‍රවර්ධනයට ලක් විය.  මධ්‍යතන විශ්වවිද්‍යාල ක්‍රමය එළිදකිත්ම, ත්‍රිවීථියකට—දර්ශන විද්‍යාව, ස්වභාවික දර්ශන විද්‍යාව ඇතුළු— සහ චතූර්වීථිය—ගණිතය, තාරකා විද්‍යාව ඇතුළු — ලෙසට බෙදිණි.  එහෙයින්, විද්‍යාඥයින්ගේ මධ්‍යතන ප්‍රතිසමයන් වූයේ දර්ශනවේදීන් හෝ ගණිතඥයින් වූහ. ශාක සහ සත්ත්වයන් පිළිබඳ දැනුම, පුළුල් වශයෙන් චිකිත්සකයන්ගේ විෂය ප්‍රදේශය විය.

විද්‍යාවෙහි කාන්තාවෝ

ආශ්‍රිත

විද්‍යා  ජීවනෝපායයන්
අධිකාරියක් සහිත තනතුරු

විද්‍යාඥයෝ


Michael Larsen (født 16. oktober 1969) er en dansk tidligere fodboldspiller, der spillede som midtbane.

Han spillede to kampe for Danmarks fodboldlandshold i 1993 og repræsenterede Danmark ved sommer-OL 1992. Han spillede hele sin karriere i Silkeborg IF og var med til at vinde Superligaen 1993-94 og DBUs Landspokalturnering for herrer 2000-01.

Karriere
Han skiftede i 1992 fra B1913 til Silkeborg IF. Han fik sin debut for Silkeborg den 22. marts 1992 i en 1-1-kamp mod Brøndby IF.

Han var igennem karrieren hårdt plaget af skader, og en hofteskade tvang ham i februar 2003 til at stoppe karrieren.

Anden virke
Han var deltidsansat som fysioterapeut i Silkeborg IF under sin uddannelse. Efter endt uddannelse og et ophold i Randers FC blev han igen ansat i Silkeborg IF.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Michael Larsen på DanskFodbold.com

Fodboldspillere fra Danmark
Fodboldspillere fra Boldklubben 1913
Fodboldspillere fra Silkeborg IF

Michael Larsen (fodboldspiller, født 1969)


Dzvìnka Valentinìvna Matìâš ou Dzvinka Matiiash, née le 16 novembre 1978 en Ukraine, est une écrivaine et traductrice ukrainienne.

Biographie
Dzvinka Valentinìvna Matiyash suit des études à l'Université nationale Académie Mohyla de Kiev, puis intègre le Collège européen des universités polonaises et ukrainiennes de Lublin en Pologne, où elle s'intéresse à de nouveaux champs, dont la géométrie sacrée, le développement personnel et les cartes métaphoriques. Elle est la sœur de la poétesse et critique littéraire, Bohdana Matiyash.

Carrière littéraire
Dzvinka Matiyash est l'autrice d'une dizaine de livres pour adultes traduits en différentes langues, tout comme d'ouvrages de littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse. Elle travaille également comme traductrice.

Le recueil de nouvelles Histoires sur les roses, la pluie et le sel, est son premier livre traduit et édité en France par les Éditions Bleu & Jaune en 2020. L'ouvrage réunit une sélection de nouvelles ou miniatures littéraires, qui relient avec poésie les dimensions humaine et divine de chaque situation ou miracle quotidien.

Reconnaissance
Dzvinka Matiyash est lauréate à deux reprises du prestigieux prix littéraire BBC Ukrainian Book of the Year, et cela notamment avec l'ouvrage Histoires sur les roses, la pluie et le sel en 2012. À travers ses œuvres, l'écrivaine s'impose comme l'une des meilleurs stylistes de la littérature ukrainienne contemporaine.

En 2020, Histoires sur les roses, la pluie et le sel  est sélectionné dans la catégorie de la meilleure traduction aux Prix Révélation SGDL par la Société des gens de lettres.

Publications
Traductions françaises

 Histoires sur les roses, la pluie et le sel, traduit de l'ukrainien par Justine Donche-Horetska, Éditions Bleu & Jaune, 227p, 2020,

Articles connexes

 Littérature ukrainienne contemporaine

Notes et références

Écrivain ukrainien du XXe siècle
Écrivain ukrainien du XXIe siècle
Traducteur ukrainien du XXe siècle
Traducteur ukrainien du XXIe siècle
Naissance en Ukraine
Naissance en novembre 1978

Dzvinka Matiyash


Evan Eugene Fraser (-) est un homme politique canadien de l'Ontario. Il est député fédéral conservateur de la circonscription ontarienne de Welland de 1925 à 1935.

Biographie
Né à Richmond en Ontario, Pettit étudie à l'école publique de Cornwall et à la Osgoode Hall Law School d'où il gradue en 1894. Président de la Welland County Telephone Company, il est également juge remplaçant du .

Élu en 1925 et réélu en 1926 et 1930, il ne se représente pas en 1935.

Résultats électoraux

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en août 1872
Député fédéral canadien provenant de l'Ontario
Député du Parti conservateur du Canada (ancien)
Étudiant de l'Osgoode Hall Law School
Juge en Ontario
Chef d'entreprise canadien
Décès en juin 1953
Décès à 80 ans

George Hamilton Pettit


Danskfilmogtv.dk er en dansk hjemmeside fra 2006, som indeholder en filmdatabase over danske film, stumfilm, tv-film og tv-serier, herunder julekalendere. Der ud over indeholder hjemmesiden en fortegnelse over personer der har været med i disse film og serier.
Projektet er drevet af Per Kjær og Lone Pedersen, og bygger på tre tidligere hjemmesider: filmidanmark.dk, tvidanmark.dk og julekalendereidanmark.dk. De driver også hjemmesiden Bibliografi.dk.

Ekstern henvisning
 Danskfilmogtv.dk hjemmeside

Netdatabaser fra Danmark
Etableret i 2006

Danskfilmogtv.dk


Krudtuglerne er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2011, der er instrueret af Lars Juul Jensen.

Handling
Det er 13. gang bandet Krudtuglerne stiller op til Melodi Grand Prix for udviklingshæmmede. De er fast besluttede på at vinde, for det har de aldrig prøvet før. Bandets medlemmer er voksne mennesker, men deres hjerner er fastlåst i teenageårene. Deres verden ses gennem den 37-årige Martins øjne. Det er en barnlig verden han lever i, hvor følelserne er svære at holde styr på. Martin ønsker for alt i verden at sammenholdet i gruppen skal blive ekstremt stærkt. Det hele begynder at gå galt, da Martin finder ud af trommeslageren Jakob har kræft flere steder i kroppen. Alle er bange for at miste deres ven og det tærer på kræfterne. En banal konflikt får korsangeren Jørgen til at melde sig ud af bandet i 11. time. Og Martin skal vælge om han selv vil fortsætte.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2011

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Krudtuglerne


Der Morsberg ist ein  hoher bewaldeter Berg in der Gemarkung Kirch-Beerfurth der Gemeinde Reichelsheim im Odenwaldkreis im hessischen Odenwald.

Der Morsberg ist ein alles überragender nordwestlicher Eckpfeiler des Sandstein-Odenwalds an der Grenze zum Vorderen Odenwald. Er gehört mit den westlich von ihm liegenden Bergmassiven der Neunkircher Höhe und des Melibokus zu den nördlichsten Odenwaldgipfeln, die zu einer Höhe von mehr als 500 Meter aufsteigen. Sein West- und sein Nordhang fallen über eine rund 100 Meter hohe Geländestufe steil ab, bis das kristalline Grundgebirge des Trommgranits im Westen und des Böllsteiner Odenwalds im Norden zutage tritt. Durch seine dichte Bewaldung ist er kein Aussichtsberg. Gleichwohl beherrscht er eindrucksvoll den Talschluss der Gersprenzniederung bei einem Blick von Norden her.

Gut 1 Kilometer nordwestlich der Gipfelhöhe findet sich auf einem Bergsporn des  hohen Burgbergs die Ruine des Beerfurther Schlösschens. Entlang der Nordflanke steigt die als Nibelungenstraße bekannte Bundesstraße 47 kurvenreich nach Osten zur Spreng, dem Übergang ins Mümlingtal, an. Jenseits der Spreng liegt der  hohe Heidelberg im Böllstein-Gebiet dem Morsberg gegenüber. Der Morsberg ist die höchste Erhebung der Naturräumlichen Untereinheit 144.65 Wegscheidekamm im Sandstein-Odenwald. Der Höhenzug Wegscheidekamm erstreckt sich von hier aus etwa 7 Kilometer nach Süden über das  hohe Lärmfeuer in der Gemarkung Ober-Mossau bis vor Hiltersklingen im Streitbachtal.

Der Südosthang des Morsbergs ist das Quellgebiet des Mossaubachs. Dieser legt über den Marbach und dann die Mümling 59,7 Kilometer bis zum Main zurück und damit 10 Kilometer mehr als das Quellwasser der Mümling selbst. Dem Flusssystem Gersprenz spendet der Morsberg auch eine Reihe kurzer Fließgewässer. Im Südwesten beginnend sind dies der Steinbach (2,6 km), der Bach an dem Margrund (1,0 km), der Bach von dem Vierstöck (2,3 km) und im Norden der etwas längere Kainsbach (6,1 km).

Die nächstgelegenen Ortschaften sind Kirch-Beerfurth im Nordwesten und Ober-Kainsbach im Norden. die jeweils rund 1,5 Kilometer entfernt liegen. Rohrbach im Südwesten und Ober-Mossau im Südosten sind mit 3 bzw. 4 Kilometer etwas weiter entfernt.

Die Waldungen des Morsbergs sind durch eine Forststraße erschlossen, die an der Spreng von der B 47 abzweigt, die Gipfelregion umrundet und nördlich von Ober-Mossau zur Landesstraße L 3260 führt.

Einzelnachweise

Berg im Odenwald
Berg im Odenwaldkreis
Geographie (Reichelsheim (Odenwald))

Morsberg (Odenwald)


الشيخ عبد الغني شيخ أحمد آدم (1349 -1428هـ / 1929-2007م) أحد أشهر القضاة بالصومال وتولى حقيبة العدل إثناء حكم الرئيس محمد سياد بري ثم تم عزله وسجنه فترة من الزمن، حتى أطلق سراحه فانتقل إلى الكويت فعمل بوزارة الأوقاف حتى وفاته عام 2007 ودفن فيها. ويعتبر أحد رموز الإخوان المسلمون في الصومال.

البداية
ولد عبد الغني شيخ أحمد آدم سنة 1349هـ ـ 1931م في محافظة بكول الواقعة غرب العاصمة مقديشو، وكان والديه قد هاجرا من منطقة الصومال الغربي المحتلة من الحبشة. تعلم في الكتاتيب فحفظ القرآن الكريم ودرس مبادئ اللغة العربية والفقه الشافعي على يد والده الذي كان من العلماء المعروفين، ثم رحل إلى كثير من المدن الصومالية لطلب العلم حتى استقرّ به المقام في مقديشو العاصمة، ثم نال بعد ذلك منحة دراسية من الأزهر الشريف،

الدراسة في مصر
غادر الصومال بطريق البحر متوجهاً إلى مصر والتحق بكلية الشريعة في الأزهر الشريف أوائل الخمسينيات الميلادية، وكان أول وصوله إلى مصر قد تأثر بفكر الإخوان المسلمين والمحاضرات التي يلقيها دعاتهم أمثال: عبد الحكيم عابدين وعبد العزيز كامل ومحمد الغزالي وسيد سابق وغيرهم فارتبط بالجماعة، وتبنّى أفكارها، فقد كان الإخوان المسلمون بمصر هم الجماعة الناشطة التي تتحرك في محيط الطلاب الوافدين إلى مصر من سائر البلاد العربية والإسلامية للدراسة بجامعاتها. ونظراً لترحيب دعاة الإخوان وطلابهم بالوافدين إلى مصر من الطلبة المغتربين واهتمامهم بشؤونهم، وتقديم العون لهم في دراستهم، فقد كان انتشار دعوة الإخوان في أوساط الطلاب الوافدين إلى مصر من البلاد العربية والإسلامية، كبيراً في المعاهد والمدارس والجامعات المصرية.

سلك القضاء
بعد مدّة قضاها مدرساً في معهد إعداد المعلمين، التحق بسلك القضاء قاضياً، وتدرج في المناصب حتى أصبح مستشاراً في المحكمة العليا. وفي أثناء خدمته في القضاء أسهم الشيخ عبد الغني في إدخال تغييرات جوهرية على القضاء الصومالي من أجل أسلمته، بعد أن تأثر في تشريعاته بقوانين.

جمعية نهضة العلماء
سعى مع الشيخ محمد أحمد نور عمر ومجموعة من المشايخ لتأسيس جمعية نهضة العلماء في الصومال، وانتخب الشيخ «عبد الغني» رئيساً لها، كما انتخب الشيخ «محمد أحمد نور عمر» نائباً للرئيس، وكان يُراد لهذه الجمعية أن تؤسس لعمل إخواني منظّم في «الصومال» له صبغة علنيّة، ثم جاء الانقلاب العسكري سنة 1969م الذي حلّ الأحزاب، ومنها «جمعية نهضة العلماء».

وزارة العدل
وفي أوائل هذا الانقلاب أراد القائمون به تجميل صورتهم لدى الشعب الصومالي، فعيّنوا مجموعة من الوزراء ذوي السمعة الحسنة، وكان من بينهم الشيخ «عبد الغني» الذي عيّن وزيراً للعدل والشؤون الإسلامية. وفي أثناء تولّيه الوزارة اصطدم مراراً مع رئيس الدولة محمد سياد بري، الذي لم يعلن عن توجهه الشيوعي، ويقال: إنه كان لعبد الغني الفضل في تأخير إعلان «زياد بري» توجهه الشيوعي لمدة ثلاث سنوات تقريباً. وقد التقى عبد الغني في مكتبه أثناء توليه الوزارة الشيخ محمد محمود الصواف في زيارته الثانية للصومال في شهر مايو عام 1971م، استقبله عبد الغني آدم، وكان وزيراً للعدل بمكتبه، وجرى الحديث عن ضرورة تطبيق الأحكام الشرعية في الصومال، وألقى الصواف محاضرات في المساجد والمدارس.

إعفاؤه من منصبه واعتقاله
أعلن «زياد بري» إعفاء الشيخ «عبد الغني» من منصبه الوزاري، الذي كان حجر عثرة أمام مشاريع المجلس الأعلى للثورة المخالفة للشريعة الإسلامية، ومن بينها مشروع قانون الأحوال الشخصية الذي ساوى بين الرجل والمرأة في المواريث، وهذا القانون لم يُعلن عنه إلا بعد إقالة الشيخ «عبد الغني» من وزارة العدل.

وفي خضم ردود فعل هذا القانون السيئ الذكر من قبل الشعب الصومالي المسلم، ولا سيما بعد إعدام عشرة من خيرة العلماء، تمّ اعتقال الشيخ «عبد الغني» وأودع في سجن انفرادي لمدة ثلاث سنوات، ثم افرج عنه بعد ضغوط شعبية.

رحلته إلى الكويت
غادر الشيخ بلده خفية دون علم النظام العسكري، حتى وصل إلى الكويت، حيث تمَّ تعيينه باحثاً علمياً في الموسوعة الفقهية للاستفادة من علمه وذلك سنة 1982م، وقد بقي في الكويت وبوزارة الأوقاف والشؤون الإسلامية، وكتب عشرات البحوث الفقهية، وأسهم في أنشطة بعض اللجان العلمية إلى أن وافته المنية فيها.
ويذكر أن الشيخ «عبد الغني» قدم إلى الكويت مع وفد يمثلون (جبهة تحرير الصومال الغربي) الواقع تحت الاستعمار الحبشي أوائل الستينات، وقد التقى مع عبد الله العلي المطوع، الذي بذل المستطاع من الجهد لدعمهم ومساعدتهم.

وفاته
توفي عبد الغني شيخ أحمد آدم صباح يوم الجمعة 17/8/2007م بمدينة «الكويت»، وقد شيَّعه إخوانه ومحبوه وزملاؤه، ودُفن في مقابر «الكويت». وقد ترك وراءه حركة إسلامية عملاقة انتشرت في ربوع القرن الأفريقي، يعتبر الفقيد من روّادها الأوائل.

المصدر
 الأخ الداعية عبد الغني شيخ أحمد آدم، بقلم المستشار عبد الله العقيل، مجلة المجتمع الكويتية، 24 يناير 2009م، بتصرف وبعض التعديلات.

إخوان مسلمون صوماليون
علماء دين سنة صوماليون
علماء مسلمون في القرن 14 هـ
علماء مسلمون في القرن 15 هـ
مواليد 1929
وفيات 2007

عبد الغني شيخ أحمد آدم


Muzikoterapija (glazbena terapija, glazboterapija ili meloterapija) način je liječenja glazbom kod kojeg se glazbeno zvukovlje koristi kako bi se postiglo bolje fizičko, duhovno, društveno ili emotivno stanje čovjeka, bez ciljanoga razvijanja osobnih glazbenih vještina pjevanja ili sviranja. Glazbena terapija službeno je priznata paramedicinska disciplina u više desetaka zemalja u kojima je provodi nekoliko tisuća profesionalnih muzikoterapeuta.

Povijest
Terapijska svojstva glazbe bila su poznata već u antici, ali suvremena muzikoterapija razvila se tek polovicom 20. stoljeća. Suvremena muzikoterapija višedisciplinarna je i uključuje etnomuzikologiju, estetiku i psihologiju glazbe. Njeni pristupi, metode i konkretni postupci međusobno se razlikuju i usmjeruju prema znanstvenim koncepcijama iz kojih su proizišli (psihodinamička teorija, psihoanaliza, biheviorizam i drugi).

Načela i primjena
Glazba izravno djeluje na ljudski autonomni živčani sustav, dovodeći do različitih autonomnih tjelesnih reakcija, tako da za razumijevanje glazbe na tjelesnoj razini nije potrebna inteligencija i ona na isti način dopire do teško mentalno retardiranog bolesnika kao i do visoko obrazovanog pojedinca.

Muzikoterapija se provodi kao aktivna (sviranje, pjevanje) ili pasivna (slušanje),  individualno ili u manjim skupinama. U terapiji se rabe temeljni glazbeni elementi kao štu su boja, forma, te glasnoća, trajanje i visina tona. Praksa je pokazala kako je najdjelotvorniji element ritam. Koriste se različiti tipovi i stilovi glazbe, poput slobodne improvizacije, komponiranih glazbenih djela, folklorne glazbe iz različitih kultura i jazza. Najdjelotvornija je u ponovnom uspostavljanju komunikacije prekinute nakon ozljede mozga ili zbog nekoga duševnoga poremećaja poput autizma, katatonije, depresije ili mentalne zaostalosti.

Izobrazba
U Hrvatskoj se muzikoterapija izučava na poslijediplomskoj razini u okviru studija kreativne terapije na Sveučilištu u Osijeku. Osposobljavanje glazbenih terapeuta provodi Hrvatska udruga muzikoterapeuta.

Izvori
Bilješke i literatura

 muzikoterapija, Hrvatska enciklopedija, www.enciklopedija.hr, pristupljeno 20. svibnja 2017.
 meloterapija, Medicinski leksikon, medicinski.lzmk.hr, pristupljeno 20. svibnja 2017.
 Degmečić, D., Požgain, I., Filaković P., Glazba kao terapija, International Review of the Aesthetics and Sociology of Music, Vol. 36 No. 2, 287-300, Hrčak, hrcak.srce.hr
 Marija Blanka Šmit, Glazbom do govora, Naklada Haid, Zagreb, 2001.,
 Don Campbell, Mozart efekt: primjena moći glazbe za iscjeljivanje tijela, jačanje uma i oslobađanje kreativnog duha, Dvostruka duga, Čakovec, 2005.,
 Darko Breitenfeld, Valerija Majsec Vrbanić, Muzikoterapija: pomozimo si glazbom, Music play, Zagreb, 2011,
 Oliver Sacks, Muzikofilija: priče o glazbi i mozgu, Algoritam, Zagreb, 2012.,

Vanjske poveznice
Mrežna mjesta
 Martina Belošević, Muzikoterapija za djecu (diplomski rad), Učiteljski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, 2016.
 Ida Stamenić, Utjecaj glazbe i plesa na djecu s teškoćama u razvoju (završni rad), Učiteljski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, 2016.
 Hrvatska udruga muzikoterapeuta

Muzikologija
Psihoterapija

Muzikoterapija


The mechanical structure of an aircraft is known as the airframe. This structure is typically considered to include the fuselage, undercarriage, empennage and wings,  and excludes the propulsion system.

Airframe design is a field of aerospace engineering that combines aerodynamics, materials technology and manufacturing methods with a focus on weight, strength and aerodynamic drag, as well as reliability and cost.

History

Modern airframe history began in the United States when a 1903 wood biplane made by Orville and Wilbur Wright showed the potential of fixed-wing designs.

In 1912 the Deperdussin Monocoque pioneered the light, strong and streamlined monocoque fuselage formed of thin plywood layers over a circular frame, achieving .

First World War
Many early developments were spurred by military needs during World War I. Well known aircraft from that era include the Dutch designer Anthony Fokker's combat aircraft for the German Empire's Luftstreitkräfte, and U.S. Curtiss flying boats and the German/Austrian Taube monoplanes. These used hybrid wood and metal structures.

By the 1915/16 timeframe, the German Luft-Fahrzeug-Gesellschaft firm had devised a fully monocoque all-wood structure with only a skeletal internal frame, using strips of plywood laboriously "wrapped" in a diagonal fashion in up to four layers, around concrete male molds in "left" and "right" halves, known as Wickelrumpf (wrapped-body) construction - this first appeared on the 1916 LFG Roland C.II, and would later be licensed to Pfalz Flugzeugwerke for its D-series biplane fighters.

In 1916 the German Albatros D.III biplane fighters featured semi-monocoque fuselages with load-bearing plywood skin panels glued to longitudinal longerons and bulkheads; it was replaced by the prevalent stressed skin structural configuration as metal replaced wood.
Similar methods to the Albatros firm's concept were used by both Hannoversche Waggonfabrik for their light two-seat CL.II through CL.V designs, and by Siemens-Schuckert for their later Siemens-Schuckert D.III and higher-performance D.IV biplane fighter designs.
The Albatros D.III construction was of much less complexity than the patented LFG Wickelrumpf concept for their outer skinning.

German engineer Hugo Junkers first flew all-metal airframes in 1915 with the all-metal, cantilever-wing, stressed-skin monoplane Junkers J 1 made of steel. It developed further with lighter weight duralumin, invented by Alfred Wilm in Germany before the war; in the airframe of the Junkers D.I of 1918, whose techniques were adopted almost unchanged after the war by both American engineer William Bushnell Stout and Soviet aerospace engineer Andrei Tupolev, proving to be useful for aircraft up to 60 meters in wingspan by the 1930s.

Between World wars

The J 1 of 1915, and the D.I fighter of 1918, were followed in 1919 by the first all-metal transport aircraft, the Junkers F.13 made of Duralumin as the D.I had been; 300 were built, along with the first four-engine, all-metal passenger aircraft, the sole Zeppelin-Staaken E-4/20. Commercial aircraft development during the 1920s and 1930s focused on monoplane designs using Radial engines. Some were produced as single copies or in small quantity such as the Spirit of St. Louis flown across the Atlantic by Charles Lindbergh in 1927. William Stout designed the all-metal Ford Trimotors in 1926.

The Hall XFH naval fighter prototype flown in 1929 was the first aircraft with a riveted metal fuselage : an aluminium skin over steel tubing, Hall also pioneered flush rivets and butt joints between skin panels in the Hall PH flying boat also flying in 1929. Based on the Italian Savoia-Marchetti S.56, the 1931 Budd BB-1 Pioneer experimental flying boat was constructed of corrosion-resistant stainless steel assembled with newly developed spot welding by U.S. railcar maker Budd Company.

The original Junkers corrugated duralumin-covered airframe philosophy culminated in the 1932-origin Junkers Ju 52 trimotor airliner, used throughout World War II by the Nazi German Luftwaffe for transport and paratroop needs. Andrei Tupolev's designs in Joseph Stalin's Soviet Union designed a series of all-metal aircraft of steadily increasing size culminating in the largest aircraft of its era, the eight-engined Tupolev ANT-20 in 1934, and Donald Douglas' firms developed the iconic Douglas DC-3 twin-engined airliner in 1936. They were among the most successful designs to emerge from the era through the use of all-metal airframes.

In 1937, the Lockheed XC-35 was specifically constructed with cabin pressurization to undergo extensive high-altitude flight tests, paving the way for the Boeing 307 Stratoliner, which would be the first aircraft with a pressurized cabin to enter commercial service.

Second World War
During World War II, military needs again dominated airframe designs. Among the best known were the US C-47 Skytrain, B-17 Flying Fortress, B-25 Mitchell and P-38 Lightning, and British Vickers Wellington that used a geodesic construction method, and Avro Lancaster, all revamps of original designs from the 1930s. The first jets were produced during the war but not made in large quantity.

Due to wartime scarcity of aluminium, the de Havilland Mosquito fighter-bomber was built from wood—plywood facings bonded to a balsawood core and formed using molds to produce monocoque structures, leading to the development of metal-to-metal bonding used later for the de Havilland Comet and Fokker F27 and F28.

Postwar

Postwar commercial airframe design focused on airliners, on turboprop engines, and then on jet engines. The generally higher speeds and tensile stresses of turboprops and jets were major challenges. Newly developed aluminium alloys with copper, magnesium and zinc were critical to these designs.

Flown in 1952 and designed to cruise at Mach 2 where skin friction required its heat resistance, the Douglas X-3 Stiletto was the first titanium aircraft but it was underpowered and barely supersonic; the Mach 3.2 Lockheed A-12 and SR-71 were also mainly titanium, as was the cancelled Boeing 2707 Mach 2.7 supersonic transport.

Because heat-resistant titanium is hard to weld and difficult to work with, welded nickel steel was used for the Mach 2.8 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-25 fighter, first flown in 1964; and the Mach 3.1 North American XB-70 Valkyrie used brazed stainless steel honeycomb panels and titanium but was cancelled by the time it flew in 1964.

A computer-aided design system was developed in 1969 for the McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, which first flew in 1974 alongside the Grumman F-14 Tomcat and both used boron fiber composites in the tails; less expensive carbon fiber reinforced polymer were used for wing skins on the McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II, F/A-18 Hornet and Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit.

Modern era

Airbus and Boeing are the dominant assemblers of large jet airliners while ATR, Bombardier and Embraer lead the regional airliner market; many manufacturers produce airframe components.

The vertical stabilizer of the Airbus A310-300, first flown in 1985, was the first carbon-fiber primary structure used in a commercial aircraft; composites are increasingly used since in Airbus airliners: the horizontal stabilizer of the A320 in 1987 and A330/A340 in 1994, and the center wing-box and aft fuselage of the A380 in 2005.

The Cirrus SR20, type certificated in 1998, was the first widely produced general aviation aircraft manufactured with all-composite construction, followed by several other light aircraft in the 2000s.

The Boeing 787, first flown in 2009, was the first commercial aircraft with 50% of its structure weight made of carbon-fiber composites, along with 20% aluminium and 15% titanium: the material allows for a lower-drag, higher wing aspect ratio and higher cabin pressurization; the competing Airbus A350, flown in 2013, is 53% carbon-fiber by structure weight. It has a one-piece carbon fiber fuselage, said to replace "1,200 sheets of aluminium and 40,000 rivets."

The 2013 Bombardier CSeries have a dry-fiber resin transfer infusion wing with a lightweight aluminium-lithium alloy fuselage for damage resistance and repairability, a combination which could be used for future narrow-body aircraft. In 2016, the Cirrus Vision SF50 became the first certified light jet made entirely from carbon-fiber composites.

In February 2017, Airbus installed a 3D printing machine for titanium  aircraft structural parts using electron beam additive manufacturing from Sciaky, Inc.

Safety

Airframe production has become an exacting process. Manufacturers operate under strict quality control and government regulations. Departures from established standards become objects of major concern.

A landmark in aeronautical design, the world's first jet airliner, the de Havilland Comet, first flew in 1949. Early models suffered from catastrophic airframe metal fatigue, causing a series of widely publicised accidents. The Royal Aircraft Establishment investigation at Farnborough Airport founded the science of aircraft crash reconstruction. After 3000 pressurisation cycles in a specially constructed pressure chamber, airframe failure was found to be due to stress concentration, a consequence of the square shaped windows. The windows had been engineered to be glued and riveted, but had been punch riveted only. Unlike drill riveting, the imperfect nature of the hole created by punch riveting may cause the start of fatigue cracks around the rivet.

The Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprop, first flown in 1957 became a costly lesson in controlling oscillation and planning around metal fatigue. Its 1959 crash of Braniff Flight 542 showed the difficulties that the airframe industry and its airline customers can experience when adopting new technology.

The incident bears comparison with the Airbus A300 crash on takeoff of the American Airlines Flight 587 in 2001, after its vertical stabilizer broke away from the fuselage, called attention to operation, maintenance and design issues involving composite materials that are used in many recent airframes. The A300 had experienced other structural problems but none of this magnitude.

See also
 Longeron
 Former
 Chord (aeronautics)
 Aircraft fairing
 Vertical stabilizer

References

Further reading

Aircraft components
Structural system

Airframe


Rosita (titlu original în spanioă: Detrás de un largo muro) este un film alb/negru argentinian, regizat de Lucas Demare după un scenariu de Sixto Pondal Ríos în 1958, având protagoniști pe Lautaro Murúa, Susana Campos, Mario Passano și Ricardo Argemí.

Conținut

Distribuție

Vezi și
 Listă de filme străine până în 1989

Referințe

Legături externe

Filme din 1958
Filme argentiniene
Filme în limba spaniolă
Filme regizate de Lucas Demare

Rosita


An Elymus stipifolius in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Vasilij Matvejevitj Tjernjajev ngan Sergej Arsenjevitj Nevskij, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Aleksandre Melderis. An Elymus stipifolius in nahilalakip ha genus nga Elymus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Elymus

Elymus stipifolius


Huset Bonaparte er fransk fyrstelægt (kejserslægt) af italiensk–korsikansk oprindelse.

Huset nedstammer fra Carlo Buonaparte (1746–1785) og Laetitia Ramolino (1750–1836).

Husets to mest kendte medlemmer er Napoleon 1. af Frankrig, der landets statsoverhoved 1799–1814 (og kortvarigt i 1815) (oprindeligt som førstekonsul (fransk: Premier consul de la République), fra 1804 som kejser), og Napoleon 3. af Frankrig, der var statsoverhoved i 1848–1870 (først som prins-præsident (fransk: prince-président), fra 1852 som kejser). .

Siden 1879 har flere efterkommere af Napoleon 1.s lillebror Jérôme Bonaparte og dennes gemalinde Katharina af Württemberg (konge og dronning af Westfalen i 1807–1813) gjort krav på den franske trone. Fra 1997 er Jean-Christophe Napoléon (født 1986) én af tronkræverne.

Nærtstående linjer

Huset Beauharnais
I 1796 blev Napoleon 1. gift med enken Joséphine de Beauharnais (1763–1814). Joséphine blev kejserinde i 1804, og Napoleon udnævnte hendes børn fra første ægteskab til kejserlige prinser og prinsesser). Huset Beauharnais regnes for at være en del af den franske kejserslægt.

Fra 1817 og til 1974 havde overhovedet for Huset Beauharnais titlen hertug af Leuchtenberg. Josefine af Leuchtenberg var dronning af Norge og Sverige fra 1844 til 1859.

Søstrenes linjer
Napoleon 1.s brødre, søstre og svogre blev også kejserlige prinser og prinsesser (fransk: Altesse Impériale, prince français). Det samme blev en morbror (kardinal Joseph Fesch) til Napoleon 1.

Søstrenes og svogrenes nærmeste efterkommere regnes også for at være en del af den franske kejserslægt. Dette selv om de ifølge den saliske lov ikke er en del af Huset Bonaparte.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Paul Theroff, Bonaparte descendants (includes female-line and illegitimate descendants)
 The coat of arms of the Tuscan branch of Bonaparte family in State Archives of Florence

Bonaparte

Huset Bonaparte


Martin Patterson Hingle (July 19, 1924 – January 3, 2009) was an American character actor who appeared in stage productions and in hundreds of television shows and feature films. His first film was On the Waterfront in 1954. He often played tough authority figures. Hingle was a close friend of Clint Eastwood and appeared in the Eastwood films Hang 'em High, The Gauntlet, and Sudden Impact. He also portrayed Jim Gordon in the Batman film franchise from 1989 to 1997.

Early life
Hingle was born in Miami, Florida (some sources say Denver, Colorado), the son of Marvin Louise (née Patterson), a schoolteacher and musician, and Clarence Martin Hingle, a building contractor. He attended Weslaco High School, where he played tuba in the band. Hingle enlisted in the United States Navy in December 1941, dropping out of the University of Texas. He served on the destroyer USS Marshall during World War II. He returned to the University of Texas after the war and earned a degree in radio broadcasting in 1949. As a Navy Reservist, he was recalled to the service during the Korean War and served on the escort destroyer USS Damato.

Career
Hingle began acting in college, and after graduating, he moved to New York and studied at HB Studio and the American Theatre Wing. In 1952, he became a member of the Actors Studio. This led to his first Broadway show, End as a Man.

On Broadway, Hingle originated the role of Gooper in the original Broadway production of Tennessee Williams's Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (1955). He played the title role in Archibald MacLeish's award-winning Broadway play J.B. (1958), receiving rave reviews.

In February 1959, while playing J.B. on Broadway, Hingle was seriously injured in an accident. He was trapped in the elevator of his West End Avenue apartment building when it stalled between the second and third floors. The elevator stopped four feet above the landing, within reach, and Hingle tried to jump to the second floor. He missed and fell back down the elevator shaft, plunging 30 feet to the bottom. He fractured his skull, wrist, hip and most of the ribs on his left side. He broke his left leg in three places and lost the little finger on his left hand.

On the strength of his performance in J.B., Hingle had been offered the title role of the 1960 film Elmer Gantry, but he lost it to Burt Lancaster because of his injuries. His recovery took months, and at first he could not walk without a cane.

Hingle appeared in the 1963 Actors Studio production of Strange Interlude, directed by Jose Quintero, and That Championship Season (1972). He earned a Tony Award nomination for his performance in Dark at the Top of the Stairs (1957). In 1997, he played Benjamin Franklin in the Roundabout Theatre revival of the musical 1776, with Brent Spiner and Gregg Edelman.

Hingle's first film role was an uncredited part as bartender Jock in On the Waterfront (1954). Later in his career, he was known for playing judges, police officers and other authority figures. He was a guest star on the early NBC legal drama Justice, based on case histories of the Legal Aid Society of New York, which aired in the 1950s.

Another notable role was as the father of Warren Beatty's character in Splendor in the Grass (1961). Hingle was widely known for portraying the father of Sally Field's title character Norma Rae (1979). He also played manager Colonel Tom Parker in John Carpenter's TV movie Elvis (1979).

Hingle had a long list of television and film credits to his name dating to 1948. Among them were two episodes of The Fugitive (1964), Carol for Another Christmas (1964), Nevada Smith (1966), Mission: Impossible (1967), The Invaders (1967), Hang 'Em High (1968), The Gauntlet (1977), Sudden Impact (1983), Road To Redemption (2001), When You Comin' Back, Red Ryder? (1979), Brewster's Millions (1985), Stephen King's Maximum Overdrive (1986), The Grifters (1990), Citizen Cohn (1992), Cheers (1993), The Land Before Time (1988), Wings (1996), and Shaft (2000). He played Dr. Chapman in seven episodes of the TV series Gunsmoke (1971), and Col. Tucker in the movie Gunsmoke: To the Last Man (1992). In 1963, Hingle guest-starred in an episode of The Twilight Zone, "The Incredible World of Horace Ford", as the title character. He guest-starred in the TV series Matlock, In the Heat of the Night, and Murder, She Wrote. In 1980, he appeared in the short-lived police series Stone with Dennis Weaver.

Hingle played Commissioner Gordon in the 1989 film Batman and its three sequels. He is one of only two actors to appear in the four Batman films from 1989 to 1997; the other is Michael Gough.

In November 2007, he created the Pat Hingle Guest Artist Endowment to enable students to work with visiting professional actors at the University of North Carolina Wilmington .

Personal life
Hingle married Alyce Faye Dorsey on June 3, 1947. They had three children. The couple later divorced. In 1979 Hingle married Julia Wright. He and his second wife had two children.

Hingle died at his home in Carolina Beach, North Carolina, of myelodysplasia on January 3, 2009; he had been diagnosed with the disease in November 2008. He was cremated and his ashes were scattered in the Atlantic Ocean.

Selected TV credits and filmography

References

External links

 AP Obituary in The Charlotte Observer

1924 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American male film actors
American male stage actors
American male television actors
Deaths from cancer in North Carolina
Deaths from leukemia
Deaths from myelodysplastic syndrome
Male actors from Houston
Male actors from Miami
Military personnel from Florida
Moody College of Communication alumni
United States Navy personnel of World War II
United States Navy personnel of the Korean War
United States Navy reservists

Pat Hingle


දකුණු කොළඹ මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය  අගෝස්තු 1947 සහ ජූලි  1977 අතරතුර  ශ්‍රී ලංකාවෙහි  මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශ අතුරින් එකක් විය. මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය නම් ලද්දේ  බස්නාහිර පළාතේ  කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ,  කොළඹ නගරය අනුව යමිනි . මාර්තු 1960 සහ  ජූලි 1977 අතරතුර මෙම බලප්‍රදේශය ද්වි-මන්ත්‍රී ආසනයක් විය. මෙම බලප්‍රදේශය  ජූලි 1977 දී  නැගෙනහිර කොළඹ සහ   බටහිර කොළඹ මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශ ලෙසින් බෙදා වෙන් කරන ලදි.

1947 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
23 අගෝස්තු 1947 සිට 20 සැප්තැම්බර් 1947 දක්වා කාලය අතරතුරදී පැවැත්වුණු  පළමුවන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1952 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
24 මැයි 1952 සහ 30 මැයි1952 දක්වා කාලය අතරතුරදී පැවැත්වුණු  දෙවන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1956 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
5 අප්‍රේල් 1956 සහ 10 අප්‍රේල් 1956දක්වා කාලය අතරතුරදී පැවැත්වුණු  තෙවන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1960 (මාර්තු) පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
19 මාර්තු 1960 දිනදී පැවැත්වුණු  සතරවන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1960 (ජූලි) පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
20 ජූලි 1960 දිනදී පැවැත්වුණු  පස්වන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1965 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
22 මාර්තු 1965  දිනදී පැවැත්වුණු  හයවන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

1970 පාර්ලිමේන්තු මහා මැතිවරණය
27 මැයි 1970 දිනදී පැවැත්වුණු  සත්වන පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙහි මෙම මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය සඳහා ප්‍රතිඵල:

ආශ්‍රිත

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පැරණි මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශ
 කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික්කය

දකුණු කොළඹ මැතිවරණ බලප්‍රදේශය


O zi încărcată (în ) este un film american de comedie din 1914 produs și regizat de Mack Sennett și Charlie Chaplin. În alte roluri interpretează actorii Mack Swain,  Phyllis Allen și Billy Gilbert.

Prezentare

Distribuție
 Charles Chaplin - Soț
 Mack Swain - Soție
 Phyllis Allen - Cealaltă femeie
 Mack Sennett - Regizor de film
 Billy Gilbert - ofițer de poliție
 Ted Edwards - ofițer de poliție

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 Listă de filme de comedie din anii 1910
 Listă de filme americane de comedie

Filme din 1914
Filme regizate de Charlie Chaplin
Filme de comedie din anii 1910
Filme regizate de Mack Sennett
Filme americaneFilme de scurt metraj

A Busy Day


Şebnem Dönmez (d. 17 Mayıs 1974, Salzgitter), Türk oyuncu ve sunucu.

Hayatı ve kariyeri
17 Mayıs 1974 tarihinde ototamirci bir babanın kızı olarak Salzgitter'de dünyaya geldi.

Televizyondaki ilk görünmesi 1990 yılında Atilla Arcan sunduğu programa katılarak olmuştur. Ancak ilk çıkışını 1996'da Murat Başoğlu ile sunduğu Sabah Şekerleri ile yakaladı. Program, bir dönem sabahları yapılan müzik-eğlence programları furyasının öncüsü oldu. Murat Başoğlu ile iyi bir ikili olunca 1997'de Star TV'de Görevimiz Tehlike isimli yarışma programını sundular. 1998'de ise Star TV'de bir showgirl olarak Cumartesi Gecesi Ateşi programını sundu.

2000'lerde dizi ve sinema dünyasındaki başarılarıyla gündeme geldi. Televizyonda Aslı ile Kerem (2002) ve Ölümsüz Aşk (2003) ile kariyerini sağlamlaştırırken sinema macerası 2002 tarihli bağımsız film Kolay Para ile başladı. 2004'te Neredesin Firuze, 2006'da Hacivat Karagöz Neden Öldürüldü?, 2009'da Vali filmlerinin başrollerinde yer aldı. 2007 yılında BKM'de Oyunun Oyunu isimli tiyatro oyununda beğeni topladı.

Aynı zamanda Live Earth'ün Türkiye temsilcisi olup Al Gore'un İstanbul'da gerçekleştirdiği toplantıya basın sözcüsü olarak katıldı. 2013 yılında kadrosuna dâhil olduğu Kuzey Güney dizisinin finaline kadar "Melda Yalgın" karakterini canlandırdı. Sonrasında Medcezir dizisinde 2 yıl boyunca oynadı.

Filmografisi

Sunuculuk çalışmaları

Tiyatro oyunları

Yer aldığı video klipler

Ödülleri ve adaylıkları

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Yaşayan insanlar
1974 doğumlular
Salzgitter doğumlular
Şehremini Anadolu Lisesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk televizyon sunucuları
Türk kadın sinema oyuncuları
Türk kadın dizi oyuncuları

Şebnem Dönmez


بوابة الشعب أو بوابة البريعصي  ، هي بوابة في سور الكويت، سميت نسبة فالح البريعصي المطيري وكان حارساً لها وملك مزرعة بالقرب من البوابة زرع فيها الخضراوات والبقول والطماطم ثم سميت لاحقاً باسم بوابة الشعب لأنها تؤدي إلى منطقة الشعب، المملوك للشيخ سالم المبارك الصباح ثم الشيخ عبد الله السالم الصباح. وكانت البوابة تودي إلى طريق القرى الساحلية الجنوبية مثل الرأس والدمنة التي تحول اسمها إلى السالمية في 1952 وتقع حاليا بالقرب من مجمع الأوقاف.

المصادر
كتاب الموسوعة الكويتية المختصرة، حمد محمد السعيدان.

مواقع جذب سياحي في الكويت

بوابة الشعب


معهد بليكا للعلوم الفضائية والطيرانية   هو معهد بلجيكي علمي، يوفر الخدمة العامة ويمثل الأبحاث في ميداني الفيزياء الفضائية ومجال الطيران. المعهد يوفر لبلجيكا الممر للدخول إلى المعرفة المتقدمة في مجال البحوث الفضائية.

مصادر

 Space Physics
 Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (BIRA-IASB)

العلوم والتكنولوجيا في بلجيكا
طقس الفضاء
وكالات أرصاد جوية
وكالات فضاء

معهد بلجيكا للعلوم الفضائية والطيرانية


L'Americas Rugby Championship 2019 a lieu du 2 février au 9 mars. La compétition se déroule sur cinq journées disputées en février et mars. Ces cinq journées s'étalent sur six semaines dont une de repos, donc sans pause entre elles. Chacune des six nations participantes affronte toutes les autres une fois (championnat toutes rondes).

Résumé

La compétition est remportée par l'Argentine XV, qui gagne tous ses matchs avec le bonus offensif.

Villes et stades

Les matchs

Les heures sont données dans les fuseaux horaires utilisés par le pays qui reçoit, avec le temps universel coordonné entre parenthèses.

Classement

|}

Attribution des points : Victoire : 4 points ; match nul : 2 points ; défaite : 0 ; bonus offensif pour quatre essais marqués ou plus : 1 point ; bonus défensif en cas de défaite de sept points ou moins : 1 point

Notes et références

2019
Rugby à XV en 2019
Sport en février 2019
Sport en mars 2019

Americas Rugby Championship 2019


Rabenkirchen-Faulück Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Schleswig-Flensburg iline bağlı bölge. 14,21 km² yüzölçüme sahiptir. Nüfusu, 30 Eylül 2006 itibarıyla yaklaşık 663 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Peter-Martin Dreyer tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Schleswig-Flensburg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Rabenkirchen-Faulück


Nos frangins est un drame français réalisé par Rachid Bouchareb et sorti en 2022. Le film évoque l'affaire Malik Oussekine et l'assassinat d'Abdel Benyahia en 1986.

Il est présenté dans la sélection « Cannes Premières » du Festival de Cannes 2022 avant une sortie dans les salles françaises.

Le film a été sélectionné pour être proposé aux Oscars 2023 au nom de l'Algérie.

Synopsis
Dans la nuit du 5 au 6 décembre 1986 à Paris, Malik Oussekine  meurt après des coups reçus par des policiers. Cela se  produit dans un contexte très tendu de manifestations étudiantes contre le projet de loi Devaquet pour réformer l'université en France. Alors que le ministère de l'Intérieur va tenter d'étouffer l'affaire, un jeune homme d'origine magrébine est tué à Pantin par un policier. Il s'agit d'Abdel Benyahia, un Algérien de 20 ans qui tentait de s'interposer pour séparer une bagarre dans un bar, abattu à bout portant par un inspecteur de police alcoolisé et qui n'était pas en service. Abdel décède des suites de ses blessures mais, pendant 48 heures, sa famille est laissée sans nouvelles.

Fiche technique

 Titre original : Nos frangins
 Réalisation : Rachid Bouchareb
 Scénario : Rachid Bouchareb, Kaouther Adimi
 Musique : Amin Bouhafa
 Photographie : Guillaume Deffontaines
 Montage : Guerric Catala
 Sociétés de production : Wild Bunch, France 2, 3B Productions
 Sociétés de distribution : Le Pacte
 Budget : n/a
 Pays d'origine :
 Langues originales : français
 Format : couleur
 Genres : drame historique
 Durée : 92 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
 France :  (Festival de Cannes 2022 - section « Cannes Premières »),  (en salles)

Distribution

 Reda Kateb : Mohamed
 Lyna Khoudri : Sarah
 Raphaël Personnaz : Daniel Mattei
 Samir Guesmi : Ouassini Benyahia, le père d'Abdel
 Laïs Salameh : Kader Benyahia, le frère d'Abdel
 Adam Amara : Malik Oussekine
 Wabinle Nabie : Ousmane
 Gérard Watkins : le directeur de l'IGS
 Bernard Blancan : patron du bistro

Production

Le tournage a lieu à Bordeaux en novembre et décembre 2021.

Accueil

Accueil critique
En France, le site Allociné donne la note de , après avoir recensé 25 critiques de presse.

Box-office
Pour son premier jour d'exploitation en France, Nos frangins a réalisé , dont  en avant-première, pour un total de 786 séances proposées. En comptant l'ensemble des billets vendus à ce premier jour, le film se positionne en quatrième place du box-office des nouveautés pour leur journée de démarrage, derrière Maestro(s) () et devant Les Bonnes étoiles ().

Distinctions

Sélections
 Festival de Cannes 2022 : section « Cannes Première »
 Malgré une production entièrement française, dont les financements publics de la région Nouvelle-Aquitaine et du département de la Gironde, Nos frangins est sélectionné pour représenter l'Algérie en 2023 à l'Oscar du meilleur film international.

Références

Annexes

Article connexe
 Affaire Malik Oussekine
 Oussekine, la série télévisée

Liens externes

Film français sorti en 2022
Film réalisé par Rachid Bouchareb
Film dramatique français
Film se déroulant dans les années 1980
Film se déroulant à Paris
Film tourné à Lyon
Film français inspiré de faits réels

Nos frangins


Çifteler, Eskişehir iline bağlı bir ilçedir.

Tarihi, Coğrafi Yapısı, Nüfus Durumu
Sultan Mahmut adına 1815 civarında kurulan Çiftlikât-ı Hümayun veya Mahmudiye Çiftliği'nin ilk merkezidir. Daha sonra yönetim merkezi şimdiki Mahmudiye ilçesine taşındı.   Cumhuriyet döneminde Çifteler Köyü olarak bilinen ilçe, 1954 yılında çıkarılan 28 Haziran 1954 tarih ve 6821 sayılı kanunla Çifteler ilçe merkezi olmuştur. Yüzölçümü 820 km2 dir. Ortalama rakımı 875 m'dir. Yazları kurak ve sıcak, kışları soğuk ve kurak, ilkbahar ve sonbahar serin ve yağışlı geçer. İlçede 61.850 hektar tarım arazisinin 14.000 hektarında sulu tarım, 47.580 hektarında kuru tarım yapılmaktadır. 1755 hektarı ormanlıktır.

Sosyal Durum
İlçede konutlar genellikle tek ve 2 katlı (kerpiç, tuğla) ve müstakildir. Son yıllarda zemin kat dükkân olmak üzere 3 veya 4 katlı betonarme binaların yapımı çoğalmıştır. Belediye imar planına göre azami 5 kata kadar bina yapımına izin verilmektedir.

Ahâlisi yerli halk olarak Manavlar, Bulgaristan ve Romanya muhâcirleri, Çerkesler, Tatarlar, Türkmen ve Yörükler ile Posoflu göçmenlerden oluşmaktadır. Çekirdek aile yapısı ağırlıktadır. İlçede bir spor kulübü, bir halk kütüphanesi ve bir halk eğitim merkezi bulunmaktadır. İlçeye elektrik Sarıyer barajından gelmektedir. İlçenin kuzeyinde TEDAŞ tarafından yapılan 154.000 KW'lık indirici trafo merkezi faaliyete geçmiştir.

İlçede bir devlet hastanesi vardır.

İlçede iş ve çalışma hayatının çoğunluğu ziraat ve hayvancılık üzerine yoğunlaşmış olup bir kısmı da diğer meslek gruplarını teşkil etmektedir. Çalışma hayatında ziraat etkin olduğundan çalışmalar daha ziyade ilkbaharda yapılmaktadır.

Eğitim ve Kültür Durumu
İlçe merkezinde bir Çok Programlı Lise, bir Endüstri Meslek Lisesi, bir İmam-Hatip Lisesi, bir Anadolu Lisesi, bir Sağlık Meslek Lisesi; ilçe merkezinde 6, köylerde 10 olmak üzere toplam 16 İlköğretim okulu; bir adet ana okulu, 2 adet ana sınıfı ve bir adet de Halk Eğitim Merkezi bulunmaktadır. Ayrıca ilçede Osmangazi Üniversitesi'ne ait bir yüksekokul bulunmaktadır.

Ekonomik Durumu
İlçe genelinde 82.000 hektar arazinin %75'i tarım arazisi olup, bunun %20'si sulanabilir tarım arazisidir. %1,5 orman alanı, %19 çayır ve mera, %4,5 tarım dışı arazidir. İlçe halkının %90'ı tarım ve hayvancılıkla uğraşmaktadır. %10'u ise esnaf, zanaatkar, işçi ve memurdur. Tarımla uğraşan kesimin % 25'i tarım işçiliği, % 75'i küçük aile çiftçiliği yapar. İlçede yılda yaklaşık 65.000 ton pancar, 60.558 ton buğday, 39.525 ton arpa, 500 ton yulaf, 50 ton nohut üretimi gerçekleştirilmektedir. İlçenin 2 mahallesinde arı beslenmesine rağmen arıcılık pek gelişmemiştir. İlçede şu an 1 granit fabrikası,1 tane seramik fabrikası ve 1 adette un fabrikası bulunmaktadır.

Ulaşım Durumu
Eskişehir iline 67 km uzaklıkta olup ulaşım kara yolu ile yapılmaktadır. İlçe merkezi ve köyler arasındaki ulaşımın tamamı kara yolu ile yapılmaktadır.

Turizm
Sakaryabaşı (Sakarya nehrinin) doğu yakası, Sarıkayalarda iki büyük mağara girişi vardır. Birincisinde haç işaretleri ve kesme kayalar mevcuttur. Giriş yolları heyelan ve toprak dolması ile tıkanmış ve Hamam kaya denilen Frigler zamanında kalma kalıntılar bulunmaktadır. Bir kapalı havuzlu hamam, önünde açık havuzlu başka bir hamamın kalıntılarının temelleri günümüze kadar gelmiştir.
Yeni Frigler zamanından kalma bir tapınak (Yazılı Kaya, üzerindeki yazılardan dolayı yöre  halkı bu adı vermiş ve 2011 yılında restorasyon yapımına başlanmıştır) ve hemen karşısında Kırkodalı anıt mezar bulunmaktadır.
Kırkkız ve kaynağı çevresi eski yerleşme yeri olup, yerleşim kalıntıları ve mezarlar vardır. Hamam kayanın 100 metre doğusunda bir höyük bulunmaktadır. Sakaryabaşı su kaynakları Eskişehir-Afyon devlet karayolunun doğu ayağında başlar, sağlı sollu kaynaklanır. Yaklaşık 250.000 m2 lik bir alanı kaplayan Sakaryabaşı, güzel bir mesire yeridir. 1992 yılında 3 yıldızlı turistik otel ve müştemilatı olarak yaptırılan olimpik yüzme havuzu, çocuk yüzme havuzu ve spor kompleksleri ile minifutbol, basketbol, tenis, voleybol ve çocuk oyun sahaları bulunmaktadır. Buradaki şahıslara ait aile lokantalarında, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesinin yetiştirdiği su ürünlerinden alabalık, aynalı sazan, yayın balıkları ile benzeri su ürünlerini tatmak mümkündür.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Çifteler


Maulik Navin Pancholy (* 18. Januar 1974) ist ein US-amerikanischer Schauspieler.

Leben
Maulik Pancholy ist indischer Herkunft. Er besuchte sowohl die Yale School of Drama als auch die Berkeley Preparatory School. Seinen Bachelor-Abschluss erhielt er 1995 an der Northwestern University. Größere Bekanntheit erlangte er durch seine beiden Rollen als Assistent Jonathan in 30 Rock und als Sanjay in Weeds – Kleine Deals unter Nachbarn. Seit 2017 spielt er in der Serie Star Trek: Discovery die Rolle des Dr. Nambue.

2013 hatte Pancholy sein Coming-out als Homosexueller.

Filmografie (Auswahl)

Film
 2005: Hitch – Der Date Doktor (Hitch)
 2006: Freunde mit Geld (Friends With Money)
 2006: Mittagspause (Park)
 2008: 27 Dresses
 2011: Phineas und Ferb: Quer durch die 2. Dimension (Phineas and Ferb the Movie: Across the 2nd Dimension)
 2012: Treasure Buddies – Schatzschnüffler in Ägypten (Treasure Buddies)
 2020: Phineas und Ferb: Candace gegen das Universum (Phineas and Ferb: Candace Against the Universe) [Stimme]

Fernsehen
 1999–2000: Jack & Jill (2 Folgen)
 2005–2007: Criminal Intent – Verbrechen im Visier (Law & Order: Criminal Intent, 2 Folgen)
 2005–2009: Weeds – Kleine Deals unter Nachbarn (Weeds, 25 Folgen)
 2006–2013: 30 Rock (64 Folgen)
 2007: Die Sopranos (The Sopranos, Fernsehserie, Folge 6x14)
 2008–2012: Phineas und Ferb (Phineas and Ferb, 66 Folgen, Stimme)
 2011–2012: Alex und Whitney – Sex ohne Ehe (Whitney, 22 Folgen)
 2013–2016: Sanjay & Craig (60 Folgen, Stimme als Sanjay Patel)
 2014: Good Wife (The Good Wife, Folge 5x13)
 seit 2017: Star Trek: Discovery

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1974
Mann

Maulik Pancholy


Heliocauta, monotipski rod glavočika, endem iz Maroka. prvi puta opisana je 1924. i uključena u rod Anacyclus (targok ili tarkun) iz kojeg je 1977. izdvojena u zaseban vlastiti rod  Heliocauta.

Sinonimi
 Anacyclus atlanticus Pitard. & Maire
 Heliocauta atlantica var. dasyphylla Humphries

Izvori

Matricariinae
Flora Maroka

Heliocauta


فالتر يينس Walter Jens (و. 8 مارس 1923 في هامبورغ-ت. 9 يونيو 2013) هو أديب وفيلولوجي ومؤرخ أدبي وناقد وأستاذ جامعي ومترجم ألماني.

حياته

درس يينس الجرمانستيك والفيلولوجيا الكلاسيكية في هامبورغ ثم في فرايبورغ. كان عضوا أثناء العهد النازي في شبيبة هتلر Hitlerjugend وكذلك في رابطة الطلبة النازيين NS-Studentenbund. وقد عُرف في عام 2003 أنه انضم إلى الحزب النازي في الأول من سبتمبر 1942. حصل على درجة الدكتوراه في عام 1944 من جامعة ألبرت لودفيج في فرايبورغ حول تراجيديا سوفوكليس، وانضم إلى هيئة الأساتذة في جامعة إيبرهارد كارل في توبنجن في عام 1949 وهو لم يزل في سن السادسة عشرة، وذلك بعد تقديمه لبحث بعنوان تاكيتوس والحرية.

وفي عام 1950 حصل على كرسي الأستاذية في الفيلولوجيا الكلاسيكية في جامعة إيبرهارد كارل في توبنغن. وكذلك انضم في عام 1950 إلى جماعة 47 الأدبية، وبدأت شهرته الأدبية كقصاص بروايته «لا...عالم المتهمين» "Nein. Die Welt der Angeklagten"

شغل بين عامي 1963 و1988 كرسي الأستاذية في علم البلاغة العام الذي أنشأ للمرة الأولى في ألمانيا، وذلك في جامعة إيبرهارد كارل في توبنجن، وقد خلفه في هذا المنصب جيرت أودينج.

وكان يكتب نقدا تلفزيونيا في صحيفة دي تسايت Die Zeit الأسبوعية تحت اسم مستعار هو موموس Momos.

ويصنف يينس نفسه بأنه «أديب وبروتستانتي» كما كان يقول كارل يوزف كوشل. وقد انعكست شخصيته الدينية في مقالات عديدة حول مواضيع الدين واللاهوت، والتي برزت بجانب ترجماته لأجزاء من العهد الجديد وكذلك أعمال مشتركة مع هانس كونج Hans Küng.

شغل يينس بين عامي 1976 و 1982 منصب رئيس مركز القلم PEN-Zentrum في ألمانيا الاتحادية. وبين عامي 1989 و 1997 رئيس أكاديمية الفنون في برلين؛ وهو الآن الرئيس الشرفي لها. وبين عامي 1990 و 1995 رئيس مؤسسة مارتن نيمولر Martin-Niemöller-Stiftung.

وكان له موقف أثناء حرب الخليج الثانية في عام 1990 فقد كان يأوي في بيته جنودا أمريكيين هاربين من الخدمة العسكرية. وكان عضوا في المجلس الاستشاري للاتحاد الإنساني Humanistischen Union وكذلك كان من محرري مجلة «أوراق السياسة الألمانية والدولية» السياسية العلمية الشهرية Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik.

تزوج يينس في عام 1951 من إنجه بوتفاركن، وأنجب منها ولدين أحدهما هو الصحفي تيلمان يينس.

جوائز حصل عليها
 جائزة أصدقاء الحرية Amis de la Liberte 1951
 جائزة أدب الشباب الألمانية 1959
 جائزة ليسنج من هامبورغ 1968
 جائزة هاينريش هاينه من مدينة دوسلدورف 1981
 جائزة أدولف جريمه 1984
 جائزة هيرمان زينسهايمر 1989
 جائزة Predigtpreis 2002
 جائزة كورينه Corine بالاشتراك مع زوجته 2003

من أعماله
 لا.. عالم المتهمين (رواية 1950)
 الأعمى (قصة 1951)
 وجوه منسية (رواية 1952)
 الرجل الذي لم يرد أن يطعن في السن (رواية 1955)
 عهد أوديسيوس (قصة 1957)
 الآلهة لا تموت (مقال 1959)
 الأدب الألماني الحديث (1961)
 الوردة الحمراء (مسرحية تلفزيونية 1969)
 البداية في الإصطبل - والنهاية على الصليب. يسوع المسيح... حياته حسب رواية متى 1972
 الضربة المميتة 1974
 سقوط يهوذا (قصة 1976)
 النساء الثلاث من الحانة

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص من هامبورغ
أعضاء أكاديمية الفنون (برلين)
أعضاء شباب هتلر
حاصلون على الوسام النمساوي للعلوم والفنون
خريجو جامعة توبنجن
خريجو جامعة هامبورغ
سياسيون نازيون ألمان
علماء لغة ألمان
قادة فرسان من وسام استحقاق جمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية
كتاب غير روائيين ذكور ألمان
كتاب من هامبورغ
مترجمون ألمان
مواليد 1923
مواليد في هامبورغ
مؤرخو أدب ألمان
نقد أدبي ألماني
وفيات 2013
وفيات في توبينغن

فالتر يينس


J. and G. Rennie foi uma empresa de engenharia britânica com sede em Millwall, Londres, Inglaterra. Eles estavam envolvidos na fabricação de motores marítimos e alguns navios completos, bem como outros diversos projetos de engenharia. Uma associação com locomotivas ferroviárias é geralmente atribuída a G. e J. Rennie, o que pode sugerir que eles usaram uma segunda empresa para manter os livros separados, e havia também a George Rennie & Sons, que está associada ao desenvolvimento e patentes de vapor e motor. Todas as três empresas parecem ter existido ao mesmo tempo. O estaleiro foi responsável pela construção dos encouraçados brasileiros Mariz e Barros, Herval, Cabral e Colombo.

Referências
Empresas extintas

J. and G. Rennie


Le libéralisme vert ou écologisme libéral est une forme de libéralisme qui inclut l'écologisme dans son idéologie. Les libéraux verts sont généralement socio-libéraux sur les questions sociales et écologistes en ce qui concerne le domaine économique.

Le terme « libéralisme vert » () est issu du livre , écrit par le politologue Marcel Wissenburg en 1998. Il y défend le rejet du droit de propriété absolu et la restriction de certaines libertés qui sont utilisées pour détruire la nature et les ressources naturelles. Néanmoins, il rejette le contrôle des naissances ou certaines formes de distribution des richesses, incompatible avec la liberté individuelle. Il lui préfère le contrôle de l'offre, dans le but d'atteindre une production efficace et réduire la surproduction et la surexploitation.

Notes et références

Courant de l'écologisme
Courant d'inspiration libérale

Libéralisme vert