Uwe Häntsch (* 25. Dezember 1949 in Mittelherwigsdorf) ist ein deutscher Grafiker.

Leben
Häntsch machte 1968 Abitur und studierte von 1971 bis 1976 an der Kunsthochschule Berlin-Weißensee und ist seit 1976 als Buchillustrator, Buchgestalter, Typograf, Plakatgestalter und Lehrbeauftragter tätig. Er lebt und arbeitet in Berlin. Häntsch war bis 1990 Mitglied des Verbands Bildender Künstler der DDR.

Arbeiten Häntschs befinden sich u. a. in der Kinder- und Jugendbuchabteilung der Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin.

Werke

Bücher (Auswahl)
 William Harrison Ainsworth: Brigantenjack, Berlin 1991
 Hans Christian Andersen: Die Schneekönigin, Copenhagen 1985, Ottawa 1985, Oslo 1986, New York 1985, Madrid 1987, Suomi 1988, London 1988; Zwölf mit der Post, Leipzig 2000
 Apuleius: Liebesnächte mit Photis, Berlin, Weimar 1986
 Honoré de Balzac: Das rote Gasthaus, Berlin 1981; Der spanische Grande, Berlin 1989
 Bertolt Brecht: Eine kleine Versicherungsgeschichte, Berlin 1981
 Beno Budar: Ich, Kater Stani, Bautzen 1988, Stuttgart 1990
 Raymond Chandler: Die Tote im See. Die kleine Schwester. Leb wohl mein Liebling. Playback, Berlin 1979 bis 1982
 Gilbert Keith Chesterton: Die seltsamen Schritte, Berlin 1981; Der geflügelte Dolch, Berlin 1988
 William Wilkie Collins: Der Mondstein, Berlin 1992
 James Fenimore Cooper: Der Kaperkapitän, Berlin 1981; Der Rote Freibeuter, Berlin 1991
 Elizabeth Craven: Anekdote aus der alten Familie, Berlin 1982
 Roald Dahl: Charlie und die Schokoladenfabrik, Reinbek 1995; Charlie und der große gläserne Fahrstuhl, Reinbek 1997
 Daniel Defoe: Das Leben, die Abenteuer und die Piratenzüge des berühmten Kapitän Singleton, Berlin 1985
 Charles Dickens: Das Gespenst im Aktenschrank, Stuttgart 2002; Oliver Twist, Stuttgart 2006
 Fjodor Dostojewski: Akulkas Mann, Berlin 1989
 Arthur Conan Doyle: Die Liga der Rothaarigen, Berlin 1981; Der Hund von Baskerville, Berlin 1986; 5 Fälle des Sherlock Holmes, Berlin 1987; Sherlock Holmes, Berlin 1988; Das gefleckte Band, Stuttgart 2006
 Franz Freiherr von Gaudy: Die sieben Leidensstationen eines Bräutigams auf dem Wege zum Traualtare, Berlin 1986
 Friedrich Gerstäcker (Werkausgabe): Die Regulatoren in Arkansas. Die Flusspiraten des Mississippi. Tahiti. Gold. Unter dem Äquator. Im Busch, Frankfurt am Main, Stuttgart, Berlin 1987 bis 1992; Die Leichenräuber, Berlin 1994
 Enrique Gil y Carrasco: Der Herr von Bembibre, Berlin 1991
 Alexander Grin: Die Pension, Berlin 1981
 Peter Hacks: Prinz Telemach und sein Lehrer Mentor, Berlin 1997; Der Hof zieht um, Berlin 1998
 Uwe Häntsch: Friderich. Henriette. Liselotte. Heinrich, alle Berlin 1989
 Wilhelmine Heimburg: Lumpenmüllers Lieschen, Berlin 1992
 E.T.A. Hoffmann: Das Fräulein von Scuderi, Berlin 1981; Der Sandmann, Stuttgart 1994; Die Abenteuer der Silvester-Nacht, Berlin 2009
 William Dean Howells: Die große Versuchung, Berlin 1982
 Paul d'Ivoi: Das Geheimnis der Glaskugeln, Berlin 1992
 Charles Paul de Kock: Der bucklige Taquinet, Berlin 1992
 Jack London: Weißzahn der Wolfshund. John Barleycorn oder der Alkohol. Die Perlen des alten Parley, Berlin 1980; Südseeabenteuer. Die Fahrt der Snark, Berlin 1981
 Eugenie Marlitt: Goldelse. Die zweite Frau, Berlin 1991; Im Hause des Kommerzienrates. Reichsgräfin Gisela, Berlin 1992
 Guy de Maupassant: Elternmord, Berlin 1981; Die Beichte, Berlin 1989
 Grozdana Olujić: Die Mondblume und andere Märchen, Berlin 1984
 Benno Pludra: Unser Schiff kommt von Kukkeia, Berlin 1987, Hamburg 1989; Der Hund des Kapitäns, Berlin 1999
 Edgar Allan Poe: Das Geheimnis um Marie Rogêts Tod, Berlin 1981
 Alexander Puschkin: Pique Dame, Berlin 1980
 Honoré Gabriel de Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau: Meine Bekehrung, Berlin 1991
 Emilio Salgari: Diamantenjagd, Berlin 1991
 Walter Scott: Der Talisman, Berlin 1984, Stuttgart 1985; Die Braut von Lammermoor, Berlin 1994
 Charles Sealsfield: Tokeah oder Die Weiße Rose, Berlin 1977, Freiburg, Basel, Wien 1978
 Henryk Sienkiewicz: Kohleskizzen, Berlin 1989; Die Kreuzritter, Berlin 1991
 Georges Simenon: Frau Maigrets Liebhaber, Berlin 1981; Fälle des Kommissars Maigret, Berlin 1989
 Sorbisches Märchen: Peter vom Kienschloss, Bautzen 1984
 Eugène Sue: Die Geheimnisse von Paris, Berlin 1991
 Patrick Süskind: Das Parfüm, Stuttgart 2002
 Robert Louis Stevenson: Die Schatzinsel, Berlin 1978, Stuttgart 2007; Markheim, Berlin 1981
 Theodor Storm: Von Kindern und Katzen, Berlin 1983, Stuttgart 1986
 Jonathan Swift: Gullivers Reisen, Bautzen 1981
 Carl Timlich: Priaps Normalschule, Berlin 1986
 Anton Tschechow: Das schwedische Zündholz, Berlin 1981
 Mark Twain: Tom Sawyer und Huckleberry Finn, Stuttgart 1991
 Alexander von Ungern-Sternberg: Moosgrüne Märchen, Berlin 1989
 Jules Verne: Meister Antifer, Bautzen 1979; Die Kinder des Kapitäns Grant, Freiburg, Basel, Wien 1982, Berlin 1988; Ein Drama in Livland, Berlin 1996; Der Donaulotse, Berlin 1996
 Edgar Wallace: Planetoid 127, Berlin 1988; Geschichten vom Hexer, Berlin 1990
 Oscar Wilde: Das Gespenst von Canterville, Stuttgart 1997; Lord Arthur Saviles Verbrechen, Berlin 1987

Ausstellungen (unvollständig)

 Buchillustrationen in der DDR. 1949–1979. Berlin, Ausstellungszentrum am Fernsehturm, 1979
 Bezirkskunstausstellungen Berlin, 1982 und 1986

 Illustrators of children´s books. Tokio 1989
 International Exhibition of Illustration and Editional Art. Brno 1980, 1984
 Premi Catalònia d´ Illustraciò. Barcelona 1984, 1986
 The Golden Pen of Belgrad. Belgrad 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988
 Illustratori di libri per ragazzi. Bologna 1982, 1983, 1985, 1988, 1989
 Illustrators of children´s books. Nishinomiya 1982
 Biennale der Illustrationen. Bratislava 1981, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999

Öffentliche Sammlungen und Museen mit Werken Häntschs (unvollständig)
 Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
 Slowakische Nationalgalerie Bratislava
 Staatliches Museum Schwerin, Kunstsammlungen, Schlösser und Gärten
 Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Kunstbibliothek
 Kunstmuseum Dieselkraftwerk, Brandenburgisches Landesmuseum für moderne Kunst Cottbus
 Kunstsammlung des Sorbischen Museums Bautzen

Literatur
 Uwe Häntsch, Bilder, Bücher, Bilder : Arbeiten aus den Jahren 1977 bis 2007. Lusatia Verlag, Bautzen 2008, ISBN 978-3-936758-53-5.
Allgemeines Künstler-Lexikon. Die Bildenden Künstler aller Zeiten und Völker. de Gruyter Verlag, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-598-23034-9
 überklebt – Plakate aus der DDR. Hrsg. Schleswig-Holstein-Haus, Schwerin 2007, ISBN 978-3-933781-59-8.
 Brecht in der Buchkunst und Graphik. Verlagsgemeinschaft Augsburg, Augsburg 2005, ISBN 3-938332-19-0.
 Die vollkommene Lesemaschine. Von deutscher Buchgestaltung im 20. Jahrhundert. Die Deutsche Bibliothek, Leipzig/ Frankfurt am Main/ Berlin und Stiftung Buchkunst, Frankfurt am Main/ Leipzig 1997, ISBN 3-7657-2023-2.
 Designers international index. Bowker-Saur, London u. a. 1991, ISBN 1-85739-000-8.
 Gesammelte Werke. Sorbisches Museum, Bautzen 2015, .
 Berliner Faksimile 8. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin – Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin 2014.
 Handbuch zur Kinder- und Jugendliteratur. J. B. Metzler, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-476-02177-7.
 Sylke Wunderlich: Grimmiges bis liebenswert. In: Neue Werbung. Berlin 1991.
 Jedes Buch ist ein Abenteuer. Berlin 1986, ISBN 3-355-00043-4.

Weblinks

 Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
 Sächsische Landesbibliothek

Einzelnachweise

Grafiker (Deutschland)
Deutscher
Geboren 1949
Mann

Uwe Häntsch


Crnorepa gazela (latinski: Gazella subgutturosa) je vrsta gazele koja živi u Gruziji, Azerbajdžanu, Iranu, dijelovima Iraka, Pakistanu, Afganistanu, Tadžikistanu, Kirgistanu, Uzbekistanu, Kazahstanu, sjeverozapadnoj NR Kini i Mongoliji.

Imena u drugim jezicima

Opis

Duljina tijela iznosi 93 – 116 cm, visina tijela 60 – 75 cm, a težina 18 – 33 kg. Mužjaci imaju crne rogove poput lire s poprečnim prstenovima. Kod mužjaka rogovi su dugi oko 30 cm. Žene nemaju stalne rogove, već povremene embrionalne rogove duge oko 2 – 5 cm.

Gornji dio tijela i bokovi su pješčane boje. Donji dio tijela, vrat i unutrašnje strane nogu su bijele boje. Na leđima ima malu bijelu mrlju. Kada crnorepa gazela trči, ona podiže svoj crni rep koji se ističe na pozadini male bijele leđne mrlje. Zbog toga je ova vrsta dobila nadimak "crnorepa"  (kazaški jezik: кара—куйрюк, mongolski: хара—сульте). Zimsko krzno je svjetlije od ljetnoga.

Mlade crnorepe gazele imaju jasno izražen uzorak u obliku tamnosmeđe mrlje na njušci i dvije tamne pruge koje se protežu od očiju do kutova usta. Ovaj se uzorak sužava s godinama.

Stanište
Crnorepa gazela nastanjiva pješčane i slunčane nizine te vapnenačke visoravni. Velika stada bila su prisutna i na Bliskome istoku. Prije 6000 godina, stada su zarobljena i pobijena uz pomoć "pustinjskih zmajeva" (engleski: Desert kites). Kamene umjetnine pronađene u Jordanu sugeriraju ritualno klanje.

Ponašanje
Crnorepa gazela trči velikim brzinama bez skakanja. Način hoda je primijećen i kod drugih vrsta gazela. U velikom dijelu njihovog raspona sezonski migriraju. Stada zimi prelaze 10 – 30 km dnevno, a ljeti 1 – 3 km.

Crnorepe gazele su poliginijne životinje. Obično se razmnožavaju u ranoj zimi.

Podvrste
Opisano je nekoliko podvrsta. Groves & Leslie (2011) razlikuju četiri podvrste koje tretiraju kao različite monotipične vrste. Wacher et al. su ustanovili da je G. s. marica odvojena vrsta, Gazella marica.

Perzijska gazela
Perzijska gazela (latinski: G. subgutturosa subgutturosa) – živi u jugoistočnoj Turskoj, Azerbajdžanu, Gruziji, Siriji, sjevernome i istočnome Iraku, Iranu, južnome Afganistanu i zapadnome Pakistanu.

Turkmenska gazela
Turkmenska gazela (latinski: G. subgutturosa gracilicornis) – živi u Kazahstanu na području od Buzačija do Balhaškoga jezera, Turkmenistanu i Tadžikistanu.

Mongolska ili Yarkandska gazela
Mongolska ili Yarkandska gazela (latinski: G. subgutturosa yarkandensis) – živi u sjevernoj i sjeveroistočnoj NR Kini (Xinjiang, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Gansu, Unutarnja Mongolija) i Mongoliji.

G. subgutturosa hillieriana
G. subgutturosa hillieriana – živi u pustinji Gobi. Izdvajanjem prethodnih podvrsta u vrste, smatra se podvrstom Mongolske ili Yarkandske gazele (G. yarkandensis hillieriana).

Prijašnje podvrste

Arapska pješčana gazela

Arapska pješčana gazela (latinski: Gazella marica) – živi u Saudijskoj Arabiji, južnoj Siriji,  jugozapadnome Iraku, Ujedinjenim Arapskim Emiratima, Omanu te priobalnim perzijskozaljevskim otocima.

Crnorepe gazele su donedavno predstavljale jednu, iako polimorfnu vrstu. Međutim, nedavna genetička istraživanja pokazuju da je jedna podvrsta, G. s. marica, parafiletična u odnosu na ostale populacije crnorepne gazele, iako je introgekcija gena opažena u zoni kontakta dviju vrsta.

Status i zaštita
U prošlosti su crnorepe gazele lovcima bile omiljena lovina. Crnorepa gazela je bila glavni izvor mesa za pastire južnoga Kazahstana i Srednje Azije. trenutno je lov ove vrste svugdje zabranjen. Crnorepa gazela je uvrštena na IUCN-ov crveni popis kao rijetka i ugrožena životinja.

Crnorepa gazela na markama i kovanicama

Izvori

Literatura
 Джейран // Биология. Большой энциклопедический словарь / Гл. ред. Гиляров М. С. — 3-е (репринтное). — М.: Большая Российская энциклопедия, 1998. — С. 175. — 864 с. — 100 000 экз. — .
 Млекопитающие СССР / Отв. редактор проф.Формозов А. Н. — 2-е, исправленное. — М.: Мысль, 1970. — С. 221—223. — 437 с. — (Справочники-определители географа и путешественника). — 50 000 экз.
 Wilson D. E. & Reeder D. M. (eds). Mammal Species of the World. — 3rd ed. — Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. — Vol. 1. — P. 743. — . OCLC 62265494. — Vol. 1. — P. 682.

Vidi još
 Arapska pješčana gazela

Vanjske poveznice

 Crnorepa gazela na ARKive-u

Antilope

Crnorepa gazela


An Puya gigas in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Éduard-François André. An Puya gigas in nahilalakip ha genus nga Puya, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Puya

Puya gigas


Les élections générales britanniques de 1922 se sont déroulées le 15 novembre. L'Écosse envoie 71 membres à la Chambre des communes.

Résultats

Articles connexes
 Élections générales britanniques de 1922

Ecosse
Élection en Écosse
1922 en Écosse

Élections générales britanniques de 1922 en Écosse


يستخدم التقويم البنغالي في بنغلادش وولاية غرب البنغال الهندية والمناطق الناطقة باللغة البنغالية عموماً، يعد التقويم البنغالي تقويم قمري شمسي أي أنه يعتمد على الشمس والقمر لتحديد التاريخ، تم استخدام التقويم لأول مرة في عهد السلطان جلال الدين أكبر الذي حكم إمبراطورية مغول الهند في الفترة الممتدة بين 1556 حتى 1605.

سبب الاستخدام
كانت تلك البلاد تعتمد على التاريخ الهجري ولأن التاريخ الهجري قمري فإن السنة الزراعية لا تتطابق مع السنة المالية، لهذا كان المزارعون يعانون من ضغوط شديدة لدفع الضرائب ومن أجل تبسيط دفع الضرائب صاغ العالم الفلكي أمير فتح الله الشيرازي التقويم البنغالي استناداً على التقويم الهجري والتقويم الهندوسي.

الفصول
يتألف التقويم البنغالي من 6 فصول، وهي:
 جريششو: فصل الصيف
 بورشا: فصل الأمطار أو فصل الرياح الموسمية
 شورو: فصل الخريف
 هيمونتو: فصل الجفاف
 سيت: فصل الشتاء
 بوشونتو: فصل الربيع

أشهُر السَّنة البنغالية

 بويشاخ
 جوشتو
 آشار
 سرابن
 بادهرون
 آشين
 كارتيك
 أوغروهايون
 بوش
 ماغه
 فالغون
 تشويترو

المراجع

التوقيت في الهند
الزمن في بنغلاديش
تاريخ بنغال
تاريخ بنغلاديش
تقويم
تقويم شمسي
تقويم شمسي قمري
تقويم هندي
ثقافة بنغالية
حقب تقويمية
تقويم بنغالي

تقويم بنغالي


Jarmila Kratochvílová (født 26. januar 1951) er en tjekkisk atletikudøver. Hun vandt 400-meter-løb i verdensrekordtiden 47,99 s og 800-meter-løb i tiden 1 m. 54,68 s ved VM i atletik 1983. Tidligere i 1983 havde hun sat verdensrekorden i 800-meter-løb med 1 m 53,28 s. Den rekord består endnu og i 2016 den ældste bestående verdensrekord i atletik.

Atleter fra Tjekkiet

Jarmila Kratochvílová


Great Chart with Singleton es una parroquia civil del distrito de Ashford, en el condado de Kent (Inglaterra).

Geografía
Según la Oficina Nacional de Estadística británica, Great Chart with Singleton tiene una superficie de 13,31 km².

Demografía
Según el censo de 2001, Great Chart with Singleton tenía 4206 habitantes (48,91% varones, 51,09% mujeres) y una densidad de población de 316 hab/km². El 21,33% eran menores de 16 años, el 72,78% tenían entre 16 y 74 y el 5,9% eran mayores de 74. La media de edad era de 36,41 años. Del total de habitantes con 16 o más años, el 28,2% estaban solteros, el 55,06% casados y el 16,74% divorciados o viudos.

El 94,65% de los habitantes eran originarios del Reino Unido. El resto de países europeos englobaban al 2,19% de la población, mientras que el 3,16% había nacido en cualquier otro lugar. Según su grupo étnico, el 97,91% eran blancos, el 0,9% mestizos, el 0,45% asiáticos, el 0,52% negros, el 0,07% chinos y el 0,14% de cualquier otro. El cristianismo era profesado por el 77,58%, el budismo por el 0,12%, el hinduismo por el 0,14%, el judaísmo por el 0,26%, el islam por el 0,45%, el sijismo por el 0,07% y cualquier otra religión por el 0,24%. El 14,43% no eran religiosos y el 6,7% no marcaron ninguna opción en el censo.

2321 habitantes eran económicamente activos, 2251 de ellos (96,98%) empleados y 70 (3,02%) desempleados. Había 1823 hogares con residentes, 20 vacíos y 4 eran alojamientos vacacionales o segundas residencias.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Parroquias civiles de Kent

Great Chart with Singleton


Bernice Steadman, née Trimble le  et morte le , est une aviatrice et femme d'affaires américaine. Steadman était l'une des treize femmes choisies pour passer les mêmes tests que les astronautes de Mercury 7 au début des années 1960. Le groupe devint plus tard connu sous le nom de Mercury 13. Cependant, Steadman et les douze autres femmes du programme se sont vu refuser la possibilité de devenir astronautes en raison de leur sexe. Steadman, pilote professionnelle, a par la suite co-fondé l'International Women's Air & Space Museum dans l'Ohio dans les .

Biographie
Steadman est née Bernice Trimble à Rudyard, dans le Michigan, en 1925. Son père, ses sœurs et son frère ont été tués dans un incendie dans leur maison alors qu'elle n'avait qu'un an. Elle est diplômée de la Flint Central High School à Flint, dans le Michigan.

Elle a pris un emploi chez AC Spark Plug après le lycée pour économiser de l'argent pour les cours de pilotage. Elle a obtenu son permis de pilote avant d'obtenir un permis de conduire. Elle est devenue pilote de charter et a finalement ouvert sa propre école de pilotage et sa propre compagnie de charter, Trimble Aviation, basée à Flint. Steadman a formé plus de 200 hommes qui sont finalement devenus pilotes de ligne à son école. Bernice Steadman est devenue l'une des premières femmes aux États-Unis à obtenir une qualification de transport aérien (ATR), la cote la plus élevée qu'un pilote puisse recevoir.

Steadman est un membre fondateur de la Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) au sein du comité consultatif des femmes sur l'aviation. Elle a également présidé la Commission des aéroports à Ann Arbor, dans le Michigan. Steadman a été intronisée au Michigan Aviation Hall of Fame en 2002 et au Michigan Women's Hall of Fame en 2003.

En 2001, Steadman a publié son autobiographie, Tethered Mercury: A Pilot's Memoir: The Right Stuff - But the Wrong Sex, détaillant sa carrière et le programme . Elle a noté que le président américain Lyndon B. Johnson avait écrit « Stop This Now » (« Arrêtez ça maintenant ») sur un document après avoir pris connaissance du projet Mercury 13.

Bernice Steadman est décédée à son domicile de Traverse City, dans le Michigan, le 18 mars 2015, à l'âge de 89 ans, des suites d'une longue bataille contre la maladie d'Alzheimer. Elle laisse dans le deuil son mari depuis 56 ans, Robert Steadman, son frère Ray Whipple, son fils Michael et ses deux petits-enfants.

Références

Aviatrice américaine
Autobiographe américain
Fondateur de musée
Femme d'affaires américaine
Mercury 13
Naissance en juillet 1925
Naissance dans le comté de Chippewa (Michigan)
Décès en mars 2015
Décès dans le comté de Grand Traverse
Pages avec des traductions non relues
Décès à 89 ans

Bernice Steadman


Trigonognathus kabeyai, vrsta morskih pasa iz porodice svjetlučavaca (Etmopteridae). T. kabeyai iz sjeverozapadnog Pacifikajedini je predstavnik svog roda.

Žive na dubinama od 330 do 360 metara. Maksimalno naraste 53.9 cm (ženka), mužjaci su nešto manji, 47.0 cm. Najteži uhvaćeni primjerak težio je 425.60 g.

Izvori

Svjetlučavci

Trigonognathus kabeyai


Isabel Ruíz Lara, licenciada en Periodismo por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, es entrevistadora, actriz, redactora y realizadora de programas dramáticos y de ficción. Está vinculada a RNE desde 1982, labor que compatibiliza con la realización de audiodramas y la coordinación de talleres y cursos para la Asociación Audiodrama Colectivo.

Trabajo en RNE
Dirige y presenta en Radio 3 el espacio semanal de viajes, música y cine Tres en la carretera. Ha presentado, también en Radio 3, el programa diario de cultura El postre. Elabora y presenta para Radio 5 el espacio Cinesporas. Además, ha sido colaboradora con una sección de cine en el espacio de Radio Nacional Asuntos propios.

Referencias

Alumnos de Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Locutores de Radio Nacional de España

Isabel Ruiz Lara


Maria-Luisa Flonta () este un biolog român, membru corespondent al Academiei Române din 2011.

Biografie
S-a născut la 21 iulie 1944 în Timișoara. A urmat studiile primare la Școala nr. 10, iar cele liceale la Liceul ,,Nicolae Bălcescu" din Cluj-Napoca. Studiile universitare în domeniul biologie le-a urmat în cadrul Universității Babeș-Bolyai din Cluj-Napoca.

După absolvirea studiilor universitare a urmat un post de preparator la Universitatea din București, iar între anii 1969-1989 a activat ca asistent la catedra de Fiziologie.

În anul 1972 a devenit doctor în biologie, cu o teză de doctorat intitulată "Studiu citofiziologic al ciclului de sinteză și secreție al insulinei în celula B-pancreatică la reptile".

Timp de trei ani(1971-1974) a efectuat un stagiu de pregătire și lucru experimental la Institut für Diabetesforschung din München, Germania.             În 1990 a devenit lector al secției de fiziologie și biofizică, iar un an mai târziu conferențiar.

În anul 1995 a întemeiat programului de master în neurobiologie, iar în 1996 a devenit șef de catedră la catedra de Fiziologie Animală și Biofizică a Facultății de Biologie a Universității din București.

Din anul 2002 este director al Bazei de Cercetare cu Utilizatori Multiplii: Neurobiologie și Fiziologie Moleculară, director al Centrului de Neurobiologie și Fiziologie Moleculară din cadrul Facultății de Biologie a Universității București.

Opere
A publicat cărți, capitole de cărți și numeroase studii atât la edituri naționale, cât și internaționale.

Cărți sau capitole
M.L. Flonta, i. Ardelean, D. Canja,  "Bioelectrochemical fuell cells with Anabena sp.",  în: N. Murata, Kluwer Acad.(Ed.),  Research in Photosynthesis, vol. II, 1992.

M.L. Flonta, ,,Specific Interactions in Ionic Transport through Biological Membranes", în: Z. Simon, N. Voiculeț, I. Motoc(Ed),  Specific Interactions and Biological Recognition Processes, USA, CRC Press Inc, 1993.

M. L. Flonta, I. Ardelean, V. Ristoiu, G. Zarnea, "Respiratory and photosynthetic response in salt stressed Synechocystis PCC 68303", în: P. Mathis, Kluwer Acad. Publ.,  Photosynthesis: From Light to Biosphere, vol. IV, 1995.

M.L.Flonta, I. Ardelean, S. Tunaru, G. Teodosiu, M. Enache, L. Dumitru, G. Zarnea,  "Increased respiratory activity in light in salt stressed Synechocystis PCC 6803. Potentiometric Method to Measure Respiratory Electron Transport in intact cells", în: Peschek et al., Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers (Ed.),  The Phototrophic Prokaryotes, vol. 47, New York, 1999.

M.L Flonta, B. Macri, G. Stoian, "The Active Compounds from Hyperici herba: Traditional versus Modern Knowledge", în: JN Govil, VK Singh, C. Arunachalam, Studium Press(Ed.), Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants, vol.13 Search for Natural Drugs, LLC, USA, 2006.

M.L. Flonta, V. Ristoiu, "Building elements of the adaptive and pathological pain neural networks", în: I. Opris, M. Casanova, Springer Nature(Ed.), Physics of the Mind and Brain Disorders, 2017.

Titluri și distincții

Brevete
Brevet de invenție OSIM, RO nr.112020 C, Instalație pentru obținerea apei potabile standard din deșeul isotopic de la fabricarea apei grele, 1998.

Premii
Premiul "Nicolae Simionescu" al Academiei Române, 2001

Note

Legături externe

 Membrii Academiei Române din 1866 până în prezent – F

Nașteri în 1944
Biologi români
Membri corespondenți ai Academiei Române

Maria-Luisa Flonta


Bundeena is a village and suburb on the outskirts of southern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Bundeena is located 29 km south of the Sydney central business district and is part of the local government area of the Sutherland Shire.

Bundeena is adjacent to the village of Maianbar and lies on the southern side of Port Hacking, opposite the suburbs of Cronulla and Burraneer. The village is surrounded by the Royal National Park.

The beaches at Bundeena are Jibbon Beach, Gunyah Beach, Horderns Beach and Bonnie Vale Beach. Cabbage Tree Creek and 'The Basin' separate Bundeena from the smaller village of Maianbar. A bush track and footbridge link the two villages. Bonnie Vale is also one of the few camp grounds within the Royal National Park.

Transport

Bundeena may be reached by passenger ferry from Cronulla or by road through the Royal National Park from Sutherland or Waterfall. Cronulla and National Park Ferry Cruises provides regular ferry services between Cronulla and Bundeena. The wharf at Cronulla is located on Gunnamatta Bay, near Cronulla railway station. Ferry trips vary from 20 to 30 minutes depending on the weather. Many people from Bundeena drive to the railway station at Sutherland, as it is only a 25-minute drive as opposed to 30 minutes by ferry to Cronulla and then a 15-minute train trip to Sutherland.

Maianbar Bundeena Bus Service operates bus route 989 for local bus services between Bundeena and Maianbar on school days only. In addition there is one return trip every Wednesday to Engadine and one return trip every Friday to Miranda both via Maianbar.

Environment
During early colonial settlement, Indonesian rusa deer were introduced and have since become a large population in the area. Many residents see the deer as pests, but they are a protected species, although the National Parks & Wildlife Service are permitted a small yearly cull. However many residents also take delight in the deer, which causes much division and emotion in the affected townships.

History

Bundeena is an Aboriginal word meaning "noise like thunder" (presumed to be a reference to the sound of the waves crashing on Horderns Beach). Aboriginal rock engravings made by Dharawal people can be found at Jibbon Head.

Bass and Flinders investigated the area in 1796, deciding that it was not a suitable location for a settlement. In 1815 there were reports of criminals in the Cabbage Tree Creek region who were producing sly grog. They used the caves along the foreshore for storage.

Bundeena's first authorised white settler, Owen Byrne, was granted land at the site in 1832. George Simpson received a land grant at the adjacent Bonnie Vale in 1863. Simpson's Hotel was opened in the area now known as Simpsons Bay by George's son, William, in the 1870s. The sandstone Simpson's House (1870s) is still standing at what is now Bonnie Vale Campground.

A wharf was built in 1890 and W.A. Hodgkinson conducted a launch service from Gunnamatta Bay in 1908. Captain R.R. Ryall commenced the Cronulla to Bundeena ferry service in 1915. The Wharf was reconstructed in 1920. The district's first store commenced operations at the beginning of the 1930s. Bundeena Public School opened on 14 September 1948.

Education
Bundeena Public School began in September 1948, with classes initially held in the RSL hall. Bundeena Library operates out of Bundeena Public School on Mondays and Wednesdays after school hours and Saturday mornings.

Sport
Bundeena is home to the soccer club Bundeena-Mainbar FC, who play at Bundeena Oval. Bundeena Oval also hosts Bundeena Little Athletics.

Demographics
According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 1,919 residents in Bundeena. 76.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England at 6.9%. 89.7% of people only spoke English at home. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 39.2%, Catholic 22.4% and Anglican 14.8%.

References

External links

 Bundeena.com.au
 Bundeena Info
 Aboriginal Sites In Bundeena

Suburbs of Sydney
Sutherland Shire
Coastal towns in New South Wales

Bundeena, New South Wales


آيساي مدينة تقع ضمن محافظة آيتشي في اليابان، تأسست في 4/1/2005، بلغ عدد تعداد سكانها في 1 يناير – 2008 حوالي 65481 مساحتها الإجمالية حوالي 66.63 كم2 لتصبح كثافة سكانها 983 نسمة لكل كيلو متر مربع.

المناخ
يظهر الجدول التالي التغييرات المناخية على مدار السنة لآيساي:

توأمة
لآيساي (آيتشي) اتفاقيات توأمة مع كل من:
 كايزو (1 مارس 2007 - )
 جنوب أفريقيا (2005 - )
 الغابون (2005 - )
 تشاد (2005 - )
 بنما (2005 - )

معرض صور

مراجع

مدن محافظة آيتشي

آيساي (آيتشي)


Richard Glatzer (d. 28 Ocak 1952, New York - ö. 10 Mart 2015 Los Angeles), Amerikalı yönetmen. "America's Next Top Model" adlı TV şovunun yapımcılığını üstlendi, bir süre akademisyenlik yaptı, University of Virginia'dan İngilizce doktorası aldı. School of Visual Arts ve The New School'da senaryo dersleri verdikten sonra, "Divorce Court" adlı TV dizisinin yapımcılığını üstlenmek üzere Los Angeles'a taşındı. Bu diziden aldığı ilhamla 1993'te ilk filmi "Grief"i 40,000 $'lık bir bütçeyle çekti.

2004 yılında, arkadaşı Wash Westmoreland ile komşularının kızının "Quinceañera" (Latin kızlarının 15. yaş kutlaması) partisine davet edildiler. Buradan aldıkları fikir ile 2006 yılında Sundance Film Festivali'nde "Büyük Jüri Ödülü"nü kazandıkları Quinceañera adlı filmi çektiler. Film, Türkiye'de Bakire Ve Hamile ismiyle 2006 Filmekimi'nde gösterilecektir.

Glatzer 2011 yılında yakalandığı ALS hastalığı sebebiyle 10 Mart 2015 tarihinde öldü.

Filmografi

 2006 Quinceañera (Türkiye'de "Bakire ve Hamile" adıyla gösterime girecektir)
 2001 The Fluffer
 1993 Grief

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Richard Glatzer IMDb (İngilizce)
 indiewire.com Glatzer ve Westmoreland ile röportaj (İngilizce)
 Sundance Film Festival (İngilizce)

1952 doğumlular
Flushing, Queens doğumlular
New York doğumlu yazarlar
2015 yılında ölenler
Amerikalı film yönetmenleri
Amerikalı televizyon yazarları
Amerikalı LGBT yazarlar
Amerikalı senaristler
Virginia Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
Michigan Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
LGBT yönetmenler
LGBT senaristler
Motor nöron hastalığından ölenler
Los Angeles'ta ölenler

Richard Glatzer


Ladislaus Löb (geboren 8. Mai 1933 in Klausenburg; gestorben 2. Oktober 2021 in Zürich) war ein Schweizer Germanist und Überlebender des KZ Bergen-Belsen.

Leben

Seine ersten zehn Jahre verbrachte Löb in der siebenbürgischen Kleinstadt Margitta als einziges Kind des Kaufmanns Izsó Löb; seine Mutter, Jolán geb. Rosenberg, starb 1942 an Tuberkulose. Im Mai 1944 wurde Löb mit seiner ganzen Verwandtschaft in Klausenburg ghettoisiert, floh aber mit seinem Vater nach Budapest und schloss sich der "Kasztner-Gruppe" an. Die knapp 1700 Menschen sollten auf Grund eines Geschäfts zwischen Adolf Eichmann und dem jüdischen Zionistenführer Rezső Kasztner nach Palästina ausreisen, wurden aber fünf Monate im KZ Bergen-Belsen festgehalten, bevor Eichmann sie im Dezember 1944 in die Schweiz freiließ.

In der Schweiz verbrachte Löb zwei Jahre in der Ecole d'Humanité, besuchte ab 1948 das Realgymnasium Zürich, unter anderem mit Walter Renschler, und studierte von 1953 bis 1961 Anglistik und Germanistik an der Universität Zürich.

1963 nahm er eine Stelle an der University of Sussex in Brighton an. Er lehrte deutsche Sprache und Literatur sowie Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft. Als Gastdozent war er an der Universität Konstanz und am Middlebury College tätig. Vor der Emeritierung 1993 publizierte er hauptsächlich literaturwissenschaftliche Arbeiten; seither konzentrierte er sich auf Übersetzungen aus dem Deutschen oder Ungarischen. Sein autobiographisch-historisches Buch über sein Erlebnis des Holocausts und das Schicksal Rezső Kasztners erschien in sechs Sprachen.

Von 2017 bis zu seinem Tod 2021 lebte er in Zürich, 50 Jahre lang lebte er in Brighton.

Auszeichnungen
 2012 Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award

Schriften (Auswahl)

Monographien
 Mensch und Gesellschaft bei J.B. Priestley (= Schweizer anglistische Arbeiten Bd. 53). Francke, Bern 1962 (= Dissertation, Universität Zürich, 1962).
 From Lessing to Hauptmann: Studies in German Drama. University Tutorial Press, London 1974.
 Christian Dietrich Grabbe. Metzler, Stuttgart/Weimar 1996, ISBN 3-476-10294-7.
 Geschäfte mit dem Teufel: Die Tragödie des Judenretters Rezső Kasztner. Bericht eines Überlebenden. Böhlau, Köln 2010, ISBN 978-3-412-20389-4.

Übersetzungen
 Krisztián Ungváry: Battle for Budapest 1944–1945 (London 2002)
 Otto Weininger: Sex and Character (London 2003)
 Béla Zsolt: Nine Suitcases (London 2005)
 Friedrich Nietzsche: Writings from the Early Notebooks (Cambridge 2009)

Weiteres
 Viele Beiträge zu wissenschaftlichen Aufsatzsammlungen, Zeitschriften und Zeitungen

Weblinks

 Andreas Speit: Ghetto-Überlebender Ladislaus Löb: "Er pokerte, um Leben zu retten", Interview, taz.de, 6. Januar 2012
 Jochen Thermann: Triumphal und tragisch, Video-Interview auf der 3. Internationalen Konferenz zur Holocaustforschung, 27. Januar 2011
 Somm-Show mit Ladislaus Löb: Ladislaus Löb, Holocaust-Überlebender, Video-Interview mit Markus Somm für den Nebelspalter, 13. Mai 2021

Einzelnachweise

Germanist
Hochschullehrer (University of Sussex)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Konstanz)
Häftling im KZ Bergen-Belsen
Überlebender des Holocaust
Träger des Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award
Schweizer
Geboren 1933
Gestorben 2021
Mann
Autobiografie
Absolvent der Universität Zürich

Ladislaus Löb


Serge Barbara (né le  à Suresnes ou Villeneuve-la-Garenne) est un coureur cycliste français, actif sur route et sur piste.

Biographie

Serge Barbara a été licencié à l'AS Corbeil-Essonnes, au CC Nogent-sur-Oise, au Bressuire AC, au CSM Villeneuve-la-Garenne et au CSM Épinay. Brillant sur piste, il participe à divers championnats internationaux dans les années 1990 avec l'équipe de France. Il remporte notamment deux manches de la Coupe du monde 1995, ainsi que plusieurs titres de champion national dans les disciplines de la course aux points, de la poursuite par équipes et de l'américaine.

Palmarès sur route
 1993
  du Tour de Belgique amateurs
 1997
  du Tour du Loiret
 Grand Prix de Luneray
  de Paris-Rouen
 1998
  du Grand Prix Cristal Energie
 2000
  des Trois Jours des Mauges
 Tour du Canton de Champagnac-de-Belair

Palmarès sur piste

Coupe du monde
 1995
  de la course aux points à Cottbus
  de l'américaine à Tokyo (avec Cyril Bos)
  de la course aux points à Tokyo
  de la course aux points à Adélaïde

Championnats du monde
 Palerme 1994
  de la course aux points
 Bogota 1995
  de la course aux points
  de l'américaine

Championnats de France

 1991
  Champion de France de course aux points amateurs
 1993
  du championnat de France de la course aux points
 1994
  Champion de France de course aux points
 1995
  Champion de France de course aux points
  du championnat de France de l'américaine

 1996
  Champion de France de l'américaine (avec Michel Dubreuil)
  du championnat de France de la course aux points
 1998
  Champion de France de course aux points

Six Jours
 1993
 Six Jours de Grenoble amateurs en 1993 (avec Cyril Bos)
 1995
 Six Jours de Nouméa en 1995 (avec )

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureur cycliste français
Coureur cycliste sur piste
Naissance en août 1973
Naissance à Suresnes

Serge Barbara


Megakaryosit, trombosit üretiminden sorumlu kemik iliği hücresidir. Tipik bir eritrositten (alyuvar) 10-15 kat daha büyük olabilir. Fakat kemik iliği hücrelerinin %1'inden daha azını oluşturur. Megakaryositin hücre çekirdeği büyük ve lobludur (bölümlü). Bu nedenle ışık mikroskobu altında birden çok çekirdek varmış gibi gözükebilir.

Megakaryositlerin fonksiyonu birçok sitokininin yardımıyla belirlenir, trombopoietin de bunlara dahildir.

Megakaryositin gelişim evreleri şöyledir: CFU-Me (Pluripotent hemopoetik hücre veya hemositoblast) -> megakaryoblast -> promegakaryosit -> megakaryosit.

Kan hücreleri

Megakaryosit


Doctor y coronel Arnulfo Fernando Treviño Garza (Múzquiz, Coahuila; 2 de junio de 1912 - Monterrey, Nuevo León; 18 de septiembre de 1988) fue un médico, militar y político mexicano que ejerció como rector de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León en 1971.

Nació en La Conquista, municipio de Múzquiz, Coahuila, el 2 de junio de 1912, siendo hijo de Arnulfo Treviño Medina y de María del Refugio Garza González. Graduado de la Escuela Médico Militar de la Ciudad de México en 1936, por más de 35 años fue profesor titular de la cátedra de cirugía en la Facultad de Medicina; fue jefe del Departamento de Cirugía General por oposición; también fue consejero maestro en el Consejo Universitario como representante de los maestros del Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González".

Con el grado de mayor fue incorporado a la VII Zona Militar en Monterrey en 1935 y poco después fue ascendido a coronel. Fue delegado por la Facultad de Medicina para asistir al primer Congreso Nacional de Facultades de Medicina, realizado en abril de 1944, siendo director el Dr. Ángel Martínez Villarreal.

Presidente del Comité Directivo Estatal del Partido Revolucionario Institucional en el periodo 1961 - 1968, durante la gubernatura de Eduardo Livas Villarreal y, posteriormente, fue diputado por el II Distrito Electoral a la XLVI Legislatura del Congreso de la Unión.

Fue designado rector de la Universidad de Nuevo León el 12 de abril de 1971 por la Asamblea Popular de Gobierno Universitario, autoridad superior de la Universidad, que tenía esa atribución en virtud de la Tercera Ley Orgánica del 26 de marzo de 1971. En los siguientes días, sin posibilidades de tomar posesión material del cargo por la situación de paralización de la Universidad, Treviño Garza envió presupuestos para cubrir pagos de salarios y designó nueve directores de escuela y facultades. Dejó el cargo el 4 de junio de ese año, tras ser derogada la Ley, diez días después de haber logrado entrar a la oficina de Rectoría.

Fue miembro de la Academia Mexicana de Cirugía. Murió en Monterrey el 18 de septiembre de 1988.

Referencias

Bibliografía

Nacidos en Ciudad Melchor Múzquiz
Médicos de México
Militares de México
Coroneles de México
Diputados de la XLVI Legislatura de México
Rectores de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
Políticos de Coahuila
Miembros del Partido Revolucionario Institucional
Fallecidos en Monterrey

Arnulfo Treviño Garza


Forenede Kritikere samler Danmarks foreninger for professionelt skrivende og fagligt funderede kunst- og kulturskribenter og repræsenterer herved samtlige kunstarter.

Foreningens formål er "at fremme og udvikle fagligt funderet formidling og kritik af kunst og kultur" jf. foreningens formålsparagraf.

Forenede Kritikere er stiftet på Frederiksberg den 3. januar 2018.

De stiftende medlemsforeninger er AICA Danmark, Danske Filmkritikere, Litteraturkritikernes Lav, Musikanmelderringen (klassisk), Foreningen af Danske Musikkritikere (rytmisk) og Foreningen Danske Teaterjournalister.

I bestyrelsen sidder Line Rosenvinge (formand), Jakob Steen Olsen (næstformand), Henrik Friis (kasserer), Kamilla Löfström, Michael Charles Gaunt og Nanna Frank Rasmussen.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Forenede Kritikeres hjemmeside
 Kritikerforeninger danner fælles front: »Anmelderen er en uddøende race«  i [Berlingske]  den 10. januar 2018
 Debat om faglighed og medielovgivning  hvor Line Rosenvinge (Forenede Kritikeres formand) taler mediepolitik med Britt Bager (kultur- og medieordfører for Venstre) i [DR]-programmet P1 Eftermiddag den 11. januar 2018
 Ny forening vil styrke kunstkritik og anmelderi  i [Dagbladet Information] den 12. januar 2018
 Foreninger fra Danmark

Forenede kritikere


O Último Judeu em Vinítsia é uma fotografia registrada durante o Holocausto na Ucrânia, que mostra um judeu desconhecido perto da cidade de Vinítsia (Vinnytsia) prestes a ser morto a tiros por um membro do Einsatzgruppe D, um esquadrão da morte móvel da Schutzstaffel (SS) nazista.

A vítima está ajoelhada ao lado de uma vala comum, que já contém diversos corpos; atrás, homens da SS e do Serviço de Trabalho do Reich observam a cena.

História
A fotografia data de algum momento entre meados de 1941, quando os alemães ocuparam o oblast (região) de Vinítsia, e 1943. Durante este período, houve numerosos massacres de judeus no oblast, inclusive dentro da cidade de Vinítsia, em 16 e 22 de setembro de 1941 e abril de 1942, após os quais os poupados foram enviados para campos de trabalho forçado em Yerusalimka, o bairro judeu de Vinítsa. Os uniformes de verão dos alemães significam que é improvável que a fotografia tenha sido registrada no inverno.

A fotografia foi divulgada em 1961, pela United Press (UPI), durante o julgamento de Adolf Eichmann. A UPI a recebeu de Al Moss, um judeu polonês que a adquiriu em maio de 1945, logo após ser libertado do campo de concentração de Allach pelo 3º Exército americano. Moss, que morava em Chicago em 1961, queria que as pessoas "saibessem o que aconteceu na época de Eichmann". A cópia da UPI foi publicada em uma página inteira do The Forward.

Fontes posteriores fornecem detalhes às vezes contraditórios da imagem. Alguns dizem que a fotografia original estava no álbum de fotos de um membro do Einsatzgruppe, ou retirada do bolso de um soldado morto; e que estava escrito no verso "Último judeu em Vinítsa", nome dado para a imagem. Várias pessoas entraram em contato com o jornal Die Welt, pretendendo identificar o atirador como um parente.

Significado
A fotografia tornou-se icônica. Algumas características a destacam dentre as fotos conhecidas do Holocausto: (1) foi tirada durante o Holocausto, e não depois de seu fim, e (2) presumivelmente por alguém cúmplice do assassinato; (3) retrata o esquadrão da morte Einsatzgruppen, em vez de campos de concentração ou extermínio; (4) o foco está em uma vítima solitária e não em uma multidão.

A fotografia foi reproduzida, com diferentes cortes, em muitos livros e exposições de museus sobre o Holocausto. Os livros incluem os de Guido Knopp e Michael Berenbaum. As exposições incluem algumas em Berlim, como "Questões sobre a História Alemã" no Palácio do Reichstag de 1971 a 1994, e depois na Topografia do Terror e no Memorial aos Judeus Assassinados da Europa; o Instituto de Memória Nacional na Polônia; o Museu Memorial do Holocausto dos Estados Unidos; e Yad Vashem também expuseram a foto.

A imagem foi usada na capa do álbum de 1984 da banda Agnostic Front, Victim in Pain, podendo ser interpretado como parte do chique nazista então corrente na cena hardcore de Nova York.

Roger Miret disse, posteriormente, que seu pensamento era de que "isso precisa ser divulgado para evitar que a história se repita".

Referências

Naturais de Vinítsia
Mortos na década de 1940
Pessoas não identificadas
Einsatzgruppen
História militar da Alemanha durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial
Massacres na Segunda Guerra Mundial
Fotografias a preto e branco
Programa Memória do Mundo
Holocausto
Segunda Guerra Mundial
Documentos da Segunda Guerra Mundial

O Último Judeu em Vinítsia


Felix Maegaard Scheel (født 1. september 1992) er en dansk ishockeyspiller. Han spiller i øjeblikket for Esbjerg Energy.

Biografi
Felix er født og opvokset i Virum og spillede i IC Gentofte som ungdomsspiller.

Metal Ligaen

Esbjerg Energy

Sæsonen 2017-18

Sæsonen 2018-19

Aalborg Pirates

Sæsonen 2019-20

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Ishockeyspillere fra Danmark
Ishockeyspillere fra Aalborg Pirates

Felix Scheel


West Potomac Park is a U.S. national park in Washington, D.C., adjacent to the National Mall. It includes the parkland that extends south of the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool, from the Lincoln Memorial to the grounds of the Washington Monument. The park is the site of many national landmarks, including the Korean War Veterans Memorial, Jefferson Memorial, Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, George Mason Memorial, and the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial.

The park includes the surrounding land on the shore of the Tidal Basin, an artificial inlet of the Potomac River which was created in the 19th century, an inlet that links the Potomac with the northern end of the Washington Channel.

West Potomac Park is administered by National Mall and Memorial Parks, an administrative unit of the National Park Service's National Capital Parks.

Creation of the park
Almost none of the National Mall west of the Washington Monument grounds and below Constitution Avenue NW existed prior to 1882. After terrible flooding inundated much of downtown Washington, D.C., in 1881, Congress ordered the Army Corps of Engineers to dredge a deep channel in the Potomac and use the material to fill in the Potomac (creating the current banks of the river) and raise much of the land near the White House and along Pennsylvania Avenue NW by nearly . In the process, the nearby Babcock Lakes, a series of small ponds, were filled in.  This "reclaimed land" — which included West Potomac Park, East Potomac Park, the Tidal Basin — was largely complete by 1890, and designated Potomac Park by Congress in 1897. Congress first appropriated money for the beautification of the reclaimed land in 1902, which led to the planting of sod, bushes, and trees; grading and paving of sidewalks, bridle paths, and driveways; and the installation of water, drainage, and sewage pipes.

Cherry trees

The famous sakura Japanese cherry trees of Washington, D.C., line the Tidal Basin and are the main attraction at the National Cherry Blossom Festival in early spring, when the cherry blossoms bloom. Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore, upon returning to Washington, D.C., from a visit to Japan, initiated the idea of cherry trees in Washington, D.C., She approached the Superintendent of Public Building and Grounds, then Colonel Spencer Cosby, about the idea in 1885. Her idea was rejected; over the next 24 years, Scidmore approached every new superintendent, but the idea was never authorized.

In 1906, Dr. David Fairchild, a botanist who worked for the U.S. Department of Agriculture, imported 75 flowering cherry trees and 25 single-flowered weeping types from the Yokohama Nursery Company in Japan. Fairchild planted these trees on a hillside on his own property in Chevy Chase, Maryland, testing their hardiness in the Washington area. In 1907, pleased with the success of the trees, Fairchild and his wife began to promote Japanese flowering cherry trees as the ideal type of tree to plant along avenues in the Washington area. Friends of family also became interested, and on September 26, arrangements were completed with the Chevy Chase Land Company to order 300 Oriental cherry trees for the Chevy Chase area.

In 1908, Fairchild gave cherry saplings to boys from each school in the District to plant in schoolyards on Arbor Day. In closing his Arbor Day speech, Fairchild expressed a vision that the "Speedway" (the present day corridor of Independence Avenue in West Potomac Park) be transformed into a Field of Cherries. In attendance was Eliza Scidmore, who afterwards he referred to as a great authority on Japan. In 1909, Scidmore decided to try to raise the money required to purchase the cherry trees and then donate the trees to the city. Scidmore sent a note outlining her new plan to the new First Lady, Helen Herron Taft—the wife of President William Howard Taft— who had once lived in Japan and was familiar with the beauty of the flowering cherry trees. Two days later, the First Lady responded:
The White House, Washington
April 7, 1909
Thank you very much for your suggestion about the cherry trees. I have taken the matter up and am promised the trees, but I thought perhaps it would be best to make an avenue of them, extending down to the turn in the road, as the other part (beyond the railroad bridge Ed.) is still too rough to do any planting. Of course, they could not reflect in the water, but the effect would be very lovely of the long avenue. Let me know what you think about this.
Sincerely yours,
Helen H. Taft

On April 8, the day after Taft's letter, Dr. Jōkichi Takamine, the Japanese chemist famous as the discoverer of adrenaline and takadiastase, was in Washington, D.C., with Midzuno, the Japanese consul in New York City. When told Washington was to have Japanese cherry trees planted along the Speedway, he asked whether the First Lady would accept a donation of an additional 2,000 trees. Midzuno thought it was a fine idea and suggested the trees be given in the name of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. Takamine and Midzuno met with the Helen Taft, who accepted the offer.

On April 13, five days after the First Lady's request, the Superintendent of Public Building and Grounds ordered the purchase of 90 cherry trees (Prunus serrulata) of the Fugenzo variety from Hoopes Brothers and Thomas Company in West Chester, Pennsylvania. The trees were planted along the Potomac River from the present site of the Lincoln Memorial south toward East Potomac Park. After planting, it was discovered that the trees were not correctly named, and were not of the Fugenzo variety, but instead of the Shirofugen cultivar (cultivated variety). These trees have since disappeared.

Four months later, on August 30, the Japanese embassy informed the U.S. Department of State that Tokyo intended to donate 2,000 cherry trees to the United States to be planted along the Potomac River. On December 10, the trees arrived in Seattle, and on January 6, 1910 arrived in the capital. However, an inspection team for the Department of Agriculture discovered to everyone's dismay that the trees were infested with insects, roundworms, and plant diseases. To protect American growers, the department concluded that the trees must be destroyed. On January 28, Taft gave permission to destroy the trees, and they were burned. This diplomatic setback resulted in letters from Secretary of State and the representatives to the Japanese ambassador, expressing deep regret of all concerned. Dr. Takamine, meeting the bad news with goodwill, again donated the costs for the trees in 1912, whose number he now increased to 3,020. The seeds for these trees were taken in December 1910 from the famous collection on the bank of the Arakawa River in Adachi Ward, a suburb of Tokyo, and grafted on specially selected understock produced in Itami City in Hyōgo Prefecture.

Recreation
The West Potomac Rugby Football Club's match and practice pitch is located in the park.

Map of West Potomac Park

Also in the park are the District of Columbia War Memorial, George Mason Memorial, John Paul Jones Memorial, John Ericsson Memorial, The Arts of War and The Arts of Peace sculptures, the Japanese Pagoda and Lantern statues, the First Air Mail Marker, and the Cuban Friendship Urn.

See also
 East Potomac Park

References

Bibliography
Bednar, Michael J. L'Enfant's Legacy: Public Open Spaces in Washington, D.C. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
Gutheim, Frederick A. and Lee, Antoinette J. Worthy of the Nation: Washington, D.C., From L'Enfant to the National Capital Planning Commission. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006.
Report of the Chief of Engineers. War Department Annual Reports, 1917. Vol. 2.  Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1918.
Tindall, William. Standard History of the City of Washington From a Study of the Original Sources. Knoxville, Tenn.: H.W. Crew & Co., 1914.

External links

 National Cherry Blossom Festival official website

Parks in Washington, D.C.
Historic district contributing properties in Washington, D.C.
National Park Service areas in Washington, D.C.
Rugby union stadiums in Washington, D.C.
Southwest (Washington, D.C.)

West Potomac Park


Anaximander is a lunar impact crater that is located near the northwest limb of the Moon. It is joined at the northern rim by the crater Carpenter, a younger and better-defined formation. To the southeast is the much larger J. Herschel, a formation of the variety known as a walled plain.

The outer wall of Anaximander is heavily worn and eroded, with multiple notches and breaks. There is no central peak, but the floor contains several small craterlets and a multitude of tiny pits from minor impacts. This crater has merged with the larger Anaximander D to the south, and there is a wide break in their common rims where they have joined. To the northwest a low rise in the surface is all that separated Anaximander from the much larger satellite crater Anaximander B.

The crater is named for the 6th century BCE Greek philosopher and astronomer Anaximander.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Anaximander.

References

External links

 - includes several craters such as Anaximander

Impact craters on the Moon

Anaximander (crater)


Jakabfalva steht für:
 eine historische ungarische Bezeichnung der Gemeinde Jakubany in der Slowakei
 eine historische ungarische Bezeichnung der Gemeinde Iacobeni in Siebenbürgen, Rumänien

Jakabfalva


Matematikte iki kümenin kartezyen çarpımının herhangi bir alt kümesi bağıntı olarak tanımlanır. Bir kümedeki bir öğeyi başka bir kümedeki bir öğeye götürür. Yâni iki öğe arasında bir bağ kurar. Örneğin, göndermeler tek yönlü bir bağıntıdır.

Tanım
A ve B herhangi iki küme olsun. 'nin herhangi bir altkümesine bağıntı denir:
(2)İki ya da daha çok şey arasındaki karşılıklı ilişki, ilinti.
Eşyayı, kavramları ya da tasarımları birlik, bağlılık, birliktelik gibi durumlarda toplayan görünüş ya da nitelik, görelik, °izafiyet, °rölativite.

burada a ile b öğeleri arasında bir bağ vardır. Dikkat edilirse bir bağıntı boş olabilir. Çünkü kümedeki öğelerin varlığından söz edilmiyor. Eğer  simgesi olsaydı o zaman öğelerin varlığı zorunlu olurdu. Boşküme de kartezyen uzayın bir altkümesi olduğu için boş bağıntı mümkündür.

Daha genel olarak, birbirinden farklı olması gerekmeyen n küme () arasındaki n 'li bağıntı (), bu kümelerin kartezyen çarpımının herhangi bir alt kümesidir.

n, iki ise ikili bağıntı olarak adlandırılır.

Örnekler

Evlilik ilişkisi

A={Ayşe, Fatma, Esra, Ali, Veli, Ahmet, Mehmet}

A ile A arasındaki hayali bir evlilik ilişki (E) aşağıdaki gibi olabilir:

E={(Ayşe, Ali), (Ali, Ayşe), (Esra, Mehmet), (Mehmet, Esra)}

Buna göre A kümesinin elemanlarından, Ayşe ve Ali, Esra ve Mehmet evlidir.

Yaşça büyüklük ilişkisi

Bütün ilişkiler simetrik olmak zorunda değildir. Örneğin K kümesinden, yaşça büyüklük ilişkisi (B) şöyle olabilir.

K={Ayşe, Fatma, Esra}
B={(Fatma, Ayşe), (Fatma, Esra), (Esra, Ayşe)}

Bu ilişkiye göre yaş sıralaması büyükten küçüğe Fatma, Esra, Ayşe şeklindedir.

Bağıntı çeşitleri

 Denklik bağıntısı: Bağıntıda yansıma, simetri ve geçişme özelliği olan bağıntı.
 Sıralama bağıntısı: Bağıntıda yansıma, ters simetri ve geçişme özelliği olan bağıntı.

Kaynakça
 Bağıntı nedir?

Ayrıca bakınız

 İlişkisel cebir
 Mantık bağlacı
 Mantık cümlesi
 Gönderme (Fonksiyon)
 Küme

Matematiksel mantık
Matematiksel analiz

Bağıntı


La lección de inglés / Perjudícame es un sencillo del Grupo Aleph, lanzado en 1972 por el sello chileno DICAP. Tanto el Lado A como el Lado B son composiciones cuyos arreglos musicales pertenecen a Enrique Berríos y Sergio Arellano.

Lista de canciones

Créditos
 Enrique Berríos y Sergio Arellano: arreglos musicales

Referencias

Sencillos de 1972
Sencillos de Discoteca del Cantar Popular

La lección de inglés / Perjudícame


Der Langfortsbach  ist ein knapp sieben Kilometer langer Zufluss des Breddewiesenbach.

Geographie
Der Langfortsbach entspringt in der Bauerschaft Loburg, in der Nähe des Hofes Hugenroth. Er läuft durch die "Basswöste" am Hof Benter-Bäumer vorbei. Der Bach umrundet das Dorf. Er umrundet den Ort Ostbevern in einen peripheren Bogen von Nord-Ost nach West. Hinter dem Hof Eggenhaus fließt vom Westen die Fleiergosse zu. Nun wendet sich der Bach ebenfalls nach Osten und fließt beim neu angesiedelten Hof Frönd in den Breddewiesenbach.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Langfortsbach auf OpenStreetMap
Geographie (Ostbevern)

Langfortsbach


The Wendish Crusade () was a military campaign in 1147, one of the Northern Crusades and a part of the Second Crusade, led primarily by the Kingdom of Germany within the Holy Roman Empire and directed against the Polabian Slavs (or "Wends"). The Wends were made up of the Slavic tribes of Abrotrites, Rani, Liutizians, Wagarians, and Pomeranians who lived east of the River Elbe in present-day northeast Germany and Poland.

The lands inhabited by the Wends were rich in resources, which played a factor in the motivations of those who participated in the crusade. The mild climate of the Baltic area allowed for the cultivation of land and livestock. Animals of this region were also thickly furred, supporting the dependence on fur trading. Access to the coastline also developed fishing and trade networks. The land was attractive for the resources it boasted, and the crusade offered an opportunity for noble families to gain part of it.

By the early 12th century, the German archbishoprics of Bremen and Magdeburg sought the conversion to Christianity of neighboring pagan West Slavs through peaceful means. During the preparation of the Second Crusade to the Holy Land, a papal bull was issued supporting a crusade against these Slavs. The Slavic leader Niklot preemptively invaded Wagria in June 1147, leading to the march of the crusaders later that summer. They achieved an ostensible forced baptism of Slavs at Dobin but were repulsed from Demmin. Another crusading army marched on the already Christian city of Szczecin (Stettin), whereupon the crusaders dispersed upon arrival (see below).

The Christian army, composed primarily of Saxons and Danes, forced tribute from the pagan Slavs and affirmed German control of Wagria and Polabia through colonization, but failed to convert the bulk of the population immediately.

Background
The Ottonian dynasty supported eastward expansion of the Holy Roman Empire towards Wendish (West Slavic) lands during the 10th century. The campaigns of King Henry the Fowler and Emperor Otto the Great led to the introduction of burgwards to protect German conquests in the lands of the Sorbs. Otto's lieutenants, Margraves Gero and Hermann Billung, advanced eastward and northward respectively to claim tribute from conquered Slavs. Bishoprics were established at Meissen, Brandenburg, Havelberg, and Oldenburg to administer the territory. A majority of Wendish tribes had been Christianized from the German conquests, but in 983 they returned to paganism when a great Slavic rebellion reversed the initial German gains. While the burgwards allowed the Saxons to retain control of  Meissen, they lost Brandenburg and Havelberg. The Elbe River then became the eastern limit of German-Roman control.

By the early 12th century, the Archbishoprics of Bremen, Magdeburg and Gniezno sought the conversion of the pagan Slavs to Christianity through peaceful means: notable missionaries included Vicelin, Norbert of Xanten, and Otto of Bamberg (sent to Pomerania by Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland). Lacking support from the Salian dynasty of the Holy Roman Empire, secular Saxon princes seeking Slavic territory found themselves in a military stalemate with their adversaries. Christians, especially Saxons from Holstein, and pagans raided each other across the Limes Saxonicus, usually for tribute.

The idea of a crusade against the Wends first originated in the Magdeburg Letter, originally sent around 1107 to 1110, in which an anonymous author makes an appeal against the Wends. The Magdeburg Letter makes the case that the Wends are pagans and that any fight against them is justified and the land that they inhabit is "our Jerusalem". In the letter no formal spiritual indulgence is offered apart from a general salvation of the soul, but an emphasis is put on acquiring land. The author says, "these gentiles [pagans] are most wicked, but their land is the best, rich in meat, honey, corn, and birds; and if it were well cultivated none could be compared to it for the wealth of its produce. So say those who know it. And so, most renowned Saxon, French, Lorrainers, and Flemings and conquerors of the world, this is an occasion for you to save your souls and, if you wish it, acquire the best land in which to live." The references made to the wealth of resources in the Slavic lands would have been especially appealing to those who were motivated by material gain. The Magdeburg letter established the ideas of a northern crusade and land acquisition that would come to play defining roles of the Wendish Crusade.

From 1140–43 Holsatian nobles advanced into Wagria to permanently settle in the lands of the pagan Wagri. Count Adolf II of Holstein and Henry of Badewide took control of Polabian settlements which would later become Lübeck and Ratzeburg; Vicelin was subsequently installed as bishop at Oldenburg. Adolf sought peace with the chief of the Obodrite confederacy, Niklot, and encouraged German colonization and missionary activity in Wagria.

The fall of Edessa in Syria in 1144 shocked Christendom, causing Pope Eugenius III and St. Bernard of Clairvaux to preach a Second Crusade to reinforce Outremer. While many south Germans volunteered to crusade in the Middle East, the north German Saxons were reluctant. They told Bernard of their desire to campaign against the Slavs at a Reichstag meeting in Frankfurt on 13 March 1147. The Wends were seen as a threat to Christendom as they were apostates, meaning the crusade against them would be justified. Approving of the Saxons' plan, Pope Eugenius III issued a papal bull known as the Divina dispensatione on 11 April 1147. As part of the bull, Eugenius III fulfilled and validated a promise made by Bernard that the same indulgences would be offered to those who crusaded against the Wends as those who went to fight in the Middle East. These indulgences offered a complete forgiveness of sin, meaning there was to be no difference between the spiritual rewards of the different crusaders. Those who volunteered to crusade against the Slavic pagans were primarily Danes, Saxons, and Poles, although there were also some Bohemians. In preaching the Crusade, Bernard feared that those who participated were doing so only for the possible material gain. In an effort to persuade crusaders to focus on spiritual conversion, Bernard said, "We prohibit completely that a truce be made for any reason with these people [Wends] either for money or tribute, until such time as, with the aid of God either their religion or their nation shall be destroyed," which was an condition added to the papal bull. The German monarchy took no part in the crusade, which was led by Saxon families such as the Ascanians, Wettin, and Schauenburgers. Papal legate Anselm of Havelberg was placed in overall command.

Holy war

Upset at Adolf's participation in the crusade, Niklot preemptively invaded Wagria in June 1147, and, along with the Wagrians, decimated newly settled Fleming and Frisian villages, leading to the march of the crusaders in late summer 1147. By attacking first, Niklot gave further justification for the Crusade as he legitimized the Wends as a serious threat to Christendom. After expelling the Obodrites from his territory, Adolf signed a peace treaty with Niklot. The remaining Christian crusaders targeted the Obodrite fort Dobin and the Liutizian fort Demmin.

The forces attacking Dobin included those of the Danes Canute V and Sweyn III, Archbishop Adalbert II of Bremen, and Duke Henry the Lion of Saxony. Avoiding pitched battles, Niklot ably defended the marshland of Dobin. One army of Danes was defeated by Slavs from Dobin, while another had to defend the Danish fleet from Niklot's allies, the Rani of Rügen. Henry and Adalbert maintained the siege of Dobin after the retreat of the Danes. When some crusaders advocated ravaging the countryside, others objected by asking, "Is not the land we are devastating our land, and the people we are fighting our people?" The Saxon army under Henry the Lion withdrew after Niklot agreed to have Dobin's garrison undergo baptism.

The Saxon army directed against Demmin was led by several bishops, including those of Mainz, Halberstadt, Münster, Merseburg, Brandenburg, Olmütz, and Bishop Anselm of Havelberg. While their stated goal was to achieve the conversion of the pagans, most also sought additional territory and tithe for their dioceses; Abbot Wibald of Corvey went in the hopes of acquiring the island of Rügen. The Demmin campaign also included the secular margraves Conrad I and Albert the Bear, who hoped to expand their marches. A Royal Polish contingent wanted to add to the Bishopric of Lebus. Marching from Magdeburg, Albert the Bear recovered Havelberg, lost since the 983 Slavic rebellion. The crusaders then destroyed a pagan temple and castle at Malchow. After an unsuccessful siege of Demmin, a contingent of crusaders was diverted by the margraves to attack central Pomerania instead. They reached the already Christian city Szczecin, whereupon the crusaders dispersed after meeting with Bishop Adalbert of Pomerania and Duke Ratibor I of Pomerania.

Aftermath

The Wendish Crusade achieved mixed results. While the Saxons affirmed their possession of Wagria and Polabia, Niklot retained control of the Obodrite land east of Lübeck. The Saxons also received tribute from Niklot, enabled the colonization of the Bishopric of Havelberg, and freed some Danish prisoners. However, the disparate Christian leaders, mostly Canute and Sweyn, regarded their counterparts with suspicion and accused each other of sabotaging the campaign.

According to Bernard of Clairvaux, the goal of the crusade was to battle the pagan Slavs "until such a time as, by God's help, they shall either be converted or deleted". However, the crusade failed to achieve the conversion of most of the Wends. In preaching the Crusade, Bernard had urged to not make truce or accept any form of tribute, but the crusaders did receive tribute from Niklot as mentioned, which contributed to Bernard's perception of the crusade as a failure. The Saxons achieved largely token conversions at Dobin, as the Slavs returned to their pagan beliefs once the Christian armies dispersed; Albert of Pomerania explained, "If they had come to strengthen the Christian faith ... they should have done so by preaching, not by arms". There was no Wendish clergy established nor any Christian literature translated into the language of the Wends. Without any institutions in place, the forced conversion of the Wends was not sustainable. The only successful conversions were achieved by the Danes. The Danes recaptured the island of Rugen in 1168 and were able to re-Christianize it through the establishment of churches and by allowing Prince Jaromit of Rugen to remain in power after he fully accepted Christianity. The Danes were able to be successful through their method of encouraging Christianity rather than focusing solely on controlling the newly acquired land.

In this way, the Crusade could be viewed as a success in terms of its successful acquisition of Slavic lands as it encouraged colonization by German settlers. It also began a long-lasting crusade against the Wends that lasted the rest of the twelfth century. By the 1160s, most of the Wends had come under the control of the Saxons or the Danes. However, in 1180 when Henry the Lion and Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa had a falling out, the Danes were able to assert political control over a majority of the region. The effects of the Wendish Crusade was long-lasting through the impacts it had on extending political and colonial power in the Baltic region.

See also
 Quantum praedecessores
 Northern Crusades

Footnotes

References

Dragnea, Mihai. Divine Vengeance and Human Justice in the Wendish Crusade of 1147. Collegium Medievale 2016: Accessed April 20, 2018. Divine Vengeance and Human Justice in The Wendish Crusade of 1147
Fletcher, Richard. The Barbarian Conversion. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1998.

Murray, Alan V., ed. 2006. Crusades: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Accessed April 22, 2018.
Phillips, Johnathan (2007). The Second Crusade: Extending the Frontiers of Christendom. New Haven, London: Yale University Press.

Polabian Slavs
1140s in the Holy Roman Empire
1147 in Europe

Wendish Crusade