La ciudad de Tunja es la capital del departamento de Boyacá y uno de los principales destinos turísticos del departamento, pues cuenta con diversas actividades turísticas, además de ser próxima a la capital del país. La ciudad se localiza en la zona norte del Altiplano Cundiboyacense, desde el cual se puede acceder a los principales destinos turísticos del departamento. La compleja situación climática de Tunja permite encontrar diversidad de paisajes (desértico hacia las cárcavas orientales), de coníferas en la región sur, la campiña andina hacia el norte y las grandes montañas hacia el oeste.
El Centro Histórico de Tunja declarado monumento nacional hace más de 50 años, conserva importantes tesoros de las diversas épocas históricas colombianas, las tradiciones ancestrales y la tendencia modernista hacen de esta ciudad un lugar ideal para el turismo multimodal.

Circuitos turísticos

En Tunja y su zona periférica se encuentra legalmente constituido el Anillo Turístico Las Hinojosa, una ruta turística creada hace algunos años en Boyacá con el fin de promover el Turismo en la zona. El circuito comienza en el Puente de Boyacá y termina en el municipio de Chivatá

Turismo histórico
Todas las etapas de la historia de Colombia han sido conservadas por el pueblo Tunjano, desde las primeras migraciones de habitantes que poblaron Suramérica, la conquista y colonización española, la independencia de la nueva nación, la época republicana hasta los desafíos de la edad contemporánea.

Museos y monumentos prehispánicos
 Los Cojines del Zaque:
El culto al sol formó parte de la cultura amerindia. El pueblo Muisca tenía como templo religioso principal dos piedras en forma circular, talladas en una roca de gran dimensión, que los mismos que los españoles llamaron Cojines del Diablo, debido a los rituales de siembras y cosechas realizados por los indígenas donde predecían los cambios astronómicos y agrícolas del pueblo. Hoy se encuentra en la Comuna 4, muy cerca al Templo del Topo.

 Pozo de Donato o de Hunzahúa
Uno de los lugares sagrados de culto al amor y a la fecundidad de los Chibchas en Tunja, que lleva el nombre de Hunzahúa, el cacique Muisca. Fue un lugar célebre durante la colonia debido al fracaso del intento de desagüe por parte del capitán español Jerónimo Donato de Rojas en el . Se encuentra a su lado el Templo de Gorranchacha y también es conocido por la leyenda del incesto mitológico de Hunzahúa. El Cacique Quemuenchatocha oculto allí sus tesoros, los que ningún otro ser humano ha podido encontrar. Se encuentra en la zona universitaria, en la Comuna 2 sobre la Avenida Norte.

 Museo Arqueológico de la Uptc:
Científicos encontraron y analizaron los enterramientos de pueblos nativos en predios de la universidad. Allí se encuentra el Museo Arqueológico y los diversos hallazgos expuestos en diversas zonas del campus. El Museo Arqueológico se encuentra en la Biblioteca Jorge Palacios Preciado.

 Monumento a la Raza Indígena:
Situado a un lado de la Carretera Panamericana en el norte de la ciudad se encuentra el monumento a la resistencia indígena del cacique Quemuenchatocha contra la hostigación española, bajo la consigna "Mi cuerpo está en vuestro poder, disponed a vuestro antojo, pero en mi voluntad mando yo".

Arquitectura colonial

 Museo Casa del Fundador Capitán Gonzalo Suárez Rendón:
Orgullo de Hispanoamérica, está situada en la zona oriental de la Plaza de Bolívar. En ella se ubica actualmente la Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo de la Alcaldía Mayor de Tunja y la Academia Boyacense de Historia. Es la joya arquitectónica más característica de las residencias particulares del , y se conserva la historia privada de la aristocracia tunjana desde los años de la fundación hispánica de Tunja. Es la única Casa de Fundador que existe en Hispanoamérica, construida por él mismo, en donde vivió, murió y continuó como residencia familiar de sus hijos. Esta mansión colonial fue centro de trascendentales actividades en los siglos de la Colonia, y luego en la independencia y la República. En este sitio en el cual había solo un bohío se reunió el Cabildo de Tunja por primera vez, el 7 de agosto de 1539 y los días 11, 14, 16 Y 18 de agosto para tratar los problemas de la naciente ciudad. Fue edificada a mediados del , con la mano de 3.000 indígenas. Allí se alojaron los principales personajes españoles que llegaban a Tunja; allí llegaron los conquistadores Jerónimo de Lebrón, Don Alonso Luis de Lugo, Hernán Pérez de Quesada y Don Pedro de Ursúa. Allí se ubicó también el despacho principal del Nuevo Reino de Granada en ausencia de Jiménez de Quesada y de Hernán Pérez.

 Casa de Juan Agustín Niño y Álvarez:
Casa familiar del prócer mártir de la independencia de Colombia Juan Nepomuceno Niño. Se sitúa en la plaza Bolívar, antigua plaza Mayor, la casa está declarada como Bien de Interés Cultural por el Gobierno de Boyacá, dentro del programa para la protección, conservación y sostenibilidad cultural de la nación. La casa reformada, ocupa la parte sur del edificio original en la Casa del Capitán Martín de Rojas. Su fachada ocupa la parte suroeste de la plaza mayor (actual plaza Bolivar) y de la actual calle 20. Hecha con las técnicas arquitectónicas más refinadas de la época, dispone de una balconada en madera en segunda planta de estilo plateresco. La fachada tiene un conjunto labrado en piedra de estirpe Dórico-Toscana, con entablamento y pilastras esculpidas en altorrelieve, cuyo esquema se acerca al estilo plateresco. En la portada se ubica el escudo de la familia Niño de Moguer. En su interior tiene un patio central columnado, en dos plantas. En la actualidad es un museo de la Secretaría de Cultura y Turismo en Tunja del Gobierno Federal. Sede actual del Instituto de Cultura y Bellas Artes de Boyacá (ICBA).

Sitios históricos de la época independentista
 Loma de los Ahorcados o Alto de San Lázaro
Lugar reconocido donde Bolívar divisó el trazado de las tropas españolas y desde donde emprendió el ataque que culminó con la victoria de Boyacá el 7 de agosto de 1819, en la zona occidental de la ciudad ( Comuna 4)

 Paredón de los Mártires:
Es uno de los monumentos históricos de Tunja que recuerda el Régimen del Terror en la Guerra de Independencia en el Nuevo Reino de Granada, ubicado en el costado norte del Bosque de la República. Allí fueron fusilados los Gobernadores de la Provincia de Tunja José Cayetano Vásquez y Juan Nepomuceno Niño; y además el Teniente Coronel José Ramón Lineros el 29 de noviembre de 1816. Los restos se conservan en la Catedral Metropolitana.

Arquitectura republicana
 Casa Cultural "Gustavo Rojas Pinilla" (CCGRP):
Es un centro de desarrollo de la cultura y las expresiones artísticas, académicas y científicas de Tunja y del Departamento, declarado mediante Ley 50 de 1986 como Monumento Nacional. Es Administrado por la Uptc y queda sobre la Calle 18 en el Centro.

Turismo étnico

Grupos indígenas
La presencia de población del pueblo Tunebo U'wa en Boyacá, hace de este un sitio de partida para conocer su cultura ancestral.

Manifestaciones culturales autóctonas
 Música Carranguera: Es el género musical autóctono del departamento de Boyacá

Turismo religioso

Iglesias
 Templo y Convento de Santo Domingo: Es una de las joyas arquitectónicas Coloniales más importantes de la América Latina. Tanto las naves cómo sus hermosas y artísticas capillas, entre ellas.la de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, constituyen un tesoro de arte y decoración de los más representativos y característicos del . Se encuentra sobre la carrera 11 entre calles 19 y 20 en el centro de la ciudad

Ceremonias y peregrinaciones

Turismo cultural

Festivales

Arte contemporáneo

Cinema
 Existen 4 salas de cine en la ciudad, la más grande se encuentra en la zona de Unicentro en CINEMARK.

Tradición oral
Mitos y leyendas

Turismo gastronómico

Platos típicos
 Sancocho
 Tamal
 Envuelto
 Fritanga
 Cuchuco de trigo con espinazo
 Runta

Cocina internacional

Turismo ecológico

Museos
 Museo de Historia Natural
El Museo de Historia Natural "Luís Gonzalo Andrade", fundado en el año de 1961, es reconocido a nivel nacional e internacional, gracias a la organización de red de museos ACOM–ICO, y registrado como colección biológica con fines científicos ante el Instituto Alexander von Humboldt, según la Resolución N.º 1115 de 2000, y es considerado Patrimonio Nacional.
El Museo cuenta con una colección de aves con 18 órdenes y 51 familias en la que se destaca el cóndor andino, la colección de mamíferos con 8 órdenes y 25 familias, con ejemplares como el oso perezoso tres dedos y el zorro perruno. y la colección de reptiles con familias como Boidae y Chelidae; de coleópteros y lepidópteros del género Morpho; y de estructuras óseas como la colección de piezas dentarias y de cráneos. Está situado en el Edificio nuevo de laboratorios de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia.

Reservas naturales
Reserva Forestal el Malmo: Situada en el sur de la ciudad, es un sitio de conservación de especies de fauna y flora del altiplano. Su área de 141.8 hectáreas y compartida con los municipios de Ventaquemada y Cucaita

Reserva Natural de la Sociedad civil "La Cabaña (HaLaCa): situada en el sur occidente de la ciudad, se preserva un ecosistema típico de montaña alta andina, donde aves como el águila y el halcón se crían y viven, además de  contar con encenillos, orquídeas,  líquenes, musgos entre otros; cuenta con senderos aptos para todas las edades, y áreas para investigar y tener aventuras, situado en Tunja

Parques

Turismo deportivo

Entrenamiento en altitud
Cualquier país que trabaja seriamente en busca de alto rendimiento, recurre entre otros medios al entrenamiento en altura, ya sea en centros propios o en otros países que cuenten con ellos. También se ha relacionado el clima de regiones de montaña (altitudes similares a las de entrenamiento) a la salud, con un efecto estimulante que brinda una sensación de mayor bienestar general. Esto es un hecho, sin embargo, existen dudas y controversias en el conocimiento científico acerca de los efectos sobre diferentes aspectos del rendimiento deportivo. Por la posición estratégica de Boyacá, ha comenzado a perfilarse como centro mundial de entrenamiento de altura para deportistas de alto nivel.

Deportes extremos
Tunja es un centro de entrenamiento reconocido de entrenamiento en deportes extremos tales como el rápel, espeleología, parapente, canotaje, caminatas, escalada, ciclomontañismo, tirolesa, campismo, patinaje, entre otros.

Turismo económico

Negocios y servicios
Tunja es un punto estratégico económicamente por su posición geográfica que permite la conexión de Bogotá con la Costa Caribe, Venezuela y los Llanos Orientales. Es un punto central de intercambio de mercancías. Los principales centros comerciales se encuentran en el Centro Histórico y en la Comuna 3 en la zona de Unicentro.

Turismo agrícola
Diversas empresas del sector de Turismo ofrecen estadías en Investigación y desarrollo experimental en el campo de las ciencias naturales y la ingeniería, Investigación y desarrollo experimental agrícola, Actividades de ingeniería forestal y ambiental, Planes de manejo Ambiental, Sensibilización, diagnóstico y elaboración de ofertas ecoturisticas y otras actividades de esparcimiento y entretenimiento al aire libre.

Festivales y festividades
 Semana Mayor en Tunja
 Festival Internacional de la Cultura de Boyacá: Mayor evento internacional de la ciudad que reúne las expresiones de arte de diversos países del mundo, regiones de Colombia o municipios del departamento de Boyacá
 Aguinaldo Boyacense

Infraestructura y transporte
La Autopista BTS comunica en sólo 2,5 horas con la capital del país. Se puede ingresar hacia el centro histórico por la Calle 14 desde el sur, por la calle 11 desde los Hongos, las calles 10, 11 y 12 desde el norte, el viaducto JNN a la calle 24 hacia el oriente y la avenida Colón hacia el oeste. En horas de alto tráfico la circulación es reducida. Modernas aceras inauguradas en 2010 permiten un acceso más confortable a los peatones, aunque disminuyó la capacidad de tráfico en la zona. Es accesible en bicicleta a partir de la Cicloruta sur. En la zona Norte, la Avenida Norte permite acceder a los sitios turísticos de la UPTC y de la zona comercial.

Vida nocturna
Las dos zonas rosa de Tunja situadas una muy cerca a la plaza de Bolívar y otra en la zona norte de la ciudad, ofrecen diversas opciones en cuanto a bares, discotecas, y clubs de música nacional o internacional para todos los gustos.

Referencias

Bibliografía
Folleto "Los Cojines del Zaque", de Javier Ocampo López

Turismo en Tunja

Turismo en Tunja


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Trstín enthält die fünf nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützten Objekte in der Gemeinde Trstín im Okres Trnava.

Denkmäler

Legende

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

!
Trstín


An Dactylodenia fuchsii in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Gottfried Keller ngan Károly Rezsö Soó von Bere, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Eduard Peitz. An Dactylodenia fuchsii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dactylodenia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dactylodenia

Dactylodenia fuchsii


The President's Daily Brief, sometimes referred to as the President's Daily Briefing or the President's Daily Bulletin, is a top-secret document produced and given each morning to the president of the United States; it is also distributed to a small number of top-level US officials who are approved by the president. It includes highly classified intelligence analysis, information about covert operations, and reports from the most sensitive US sources or those shared by allied intelligence agencies. At the discretion of the president, the PDB may also be provided to the president-elect of the United States, between election day and inauguration, and to former presidents on request.

The PDB is produced by the director of national intelligence, and involves fusing intelligence from the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency (NSA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Defense Department, Homeland Security and other members of the U.S. Intelligence Community.

Purpose and history
The PDB is intended to provide the president with new intelligence warranting attention and analysis of sensitive international situations. The prototype of the PDB was termed the President's Intelligence Check List (PICL); the first was produced by CIA officer Richard Lehman at the direction of Huntington D. Sheldon on June 17, 1961 for John F. Kennedy.

Although the production and coordination of the PDB was a CIA responsibility, other members of the U.S. intelligence community reviewed articles (the "coordination" process) and were free to write and submit articles for inclusion.

While the name of the PDB implies exclusivity, it has historically been briefed to other high officials. The distribution list has varied over time but has always or almost always included the vice president, secretaries of State and Defense and the national security advisor. Rarely, special editions of the PDB have actually been "for the president's eyes only," with further dissemination of the information left to the president's discretion.

Production of the PDB is associated with that of another publication, historically known as the National Intelligence Daily, that includes many of the same items but is distributed considerably more widely than the PDB.

Sources
The PDB is an all-source intelligence product summarized from all collecting agencies. The Washington Post noted that a leaked document indicated that the PRISM SIGAD (US-984) run by the NSA is "the number one source of raw intelligence used for NSA analytic reports." The PDB cited PRISM data as a source in 1,477 items in the 2012 calendar year. Declassified documents show that as of January 2001 over 60% of material in the PDB was sourced from signals intelligence (SIGINT). According to the National Security Archive, the percentage of SIGINT-sourced material has likely increased since then.

Political importance
Former CIA director George Tenet considered the PDB so sensitive that during July 2000 he indicated to the National Archives and Records Administration that none of them could be released for publication "no matter how old or historically significant it may be."

During a briefing on May 21, 2002, Ari Fleischer, former White House Press Secretary, characterized the PDB as "the most highly sensitized classified document in the government."

On September 16, 2015, CIA director John Brennan spoke at the LBJ Presidential Library, at the public release of a total of 2,500 daily briefs and intelligence checklists from the John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson presidencies. The release was a reversal of the government's previous stance in legal briefs attempting to keep the PDB indefinitely classified. On August 24, 2016, the CIA released a further 2,500 briefs from the Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford presidencies at a symposium held at the Nixon Presidential Library.

Public awareness
The PDB was scrutinized by news media during testimony to the 9/11 Commission, which was convened during 2004 to analyze the September 11, 2001 attacks.  On April 8, 2004, after testimony by then-National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice, the commission renewed calls for the declassification of a PDB from August 6, 2001, entitled Bin Ladin Determined To Strike in US.  Two days later, the White House complied and released the document with redaction.

Usage by presidents and presidents-elect
During the 2012 re-election campaign, a former Bush administration official and President Barack Obama critic reported that "officials tell me the former president [Bush] held his intelligence meeting six days a week, no exceptions" (for a putative 86% in-person attendance record) though "Bush records [were] not yet available electronically for analysis".

Obama records, by contrast in this analysis, showed that during "his first 1,225 days in office, Obama attended his PDB just 536 times—or 43.8 percent of the time. During 2011 and the first half of 2012 [within the 1,225 days analyzed], his attendance ... [fell] to just over 38 percent." Obama initiated electronic delivery of the written brief in 2014 and received it six days a week.

In the first six weeks of the presidential transition of Donald Trump in 2016, the president-elect averaged about one PDB a week. He had "participated in multiple PDBs in some weeks, CNN has learned. And the transition team said last week Trump would be increasing his PDB participation to three times a week." However, by the final weeks of his presidency Trump didn't have a single PDB listed on his schedule.

During the presidential transition of Joe Biden in 2020, Biden and Vice President-elect Kamala Harris gained access to the PDB in late-November 2020. Upon taking office, Biden started committing to receiving the PDB on most days, with Harris in attendance.

References

Further reading

   The fourth edition includes details of the transition from Barack Obama to Donald Trump in its new Chapter 9.

External links

1960 establishments in the United States
Central Intelligence Agency
Classified information in the United States
Government documents of the United States
Presidency of the United States

President's Daily Brief


Mecomischus, rod glavočika, dio podtribusa Santolininae. Postoji dvije priznate vrste jednogodišnjeg bilja ili trajnica iz Sjeverne Afrike (Maroko i Alžir).

Rod je opisan 1873.

Vrste
 Mecomischus halimifolius Hochr.
 Mecomischus pedunculatus (Coss. & Durieu) Oberpr. & Greuter

Izvori

Santolininae

Mecomischus


شاهر شاهين لاعب كرة قدم سوري من مواليد جدة في 2 يناير 1990، يلعب حالياً مع الاتحاد .

لعب مع الكرامة الحمصي، انتسب إلى النادي منذ صغره وتم ترفيعه من فئة إلى فئة حتى وصل إلى فئة الرجال واحترف في نادي الأصالة الأردني ونادي قلالي البحريني ونادي الوطني السعودي ووقع مع الاتحاد في عام 2018 .

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سوريون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سوريون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في الأردن
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من حمص
رياضيون سوريون مغتربون في الأردن
رياضيون من حمص
لاعبو الدوري السوري
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى السعودي
لاعبو كرة قدم سوريون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون سوريون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في الأردن
لاعبو كرة قدم من حمص
لاعبو محمدان
لاعبو نادي الكرامة
لاعبو نادي الوطني
مواليد 1409 هـ
مواليد 1410 هـ
مواليد 1990
مواليد في جدة

شاهر شاهين


Agrilus rimosicollis é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Kerremans, 1897.

Referências

rimosicollis

Agrilus rimosicollis


Françoise Héritier (født 15. november 1933, død 15. november 2017) var en fransk antropolog, etnolog og feminist.

Referencer

Antropologer fra Frankrig
Etnologer fra Frankrig
Feminister fra Frankrig

Françoise Héritier


قمة اسكريوس  هي القمة الشمالية من ثلاثة براكين معروفة كقمم ثارسيس قريبة من خط الاستواء على المريخ، ويقع في جنوبه قمة بافونيس ثم قمة أرسيا، وتقع أعلى قمة في المجموعة الشمسية على المريخ شمال غرب تلك المجموعة وهي قمة أوليمبوس، وتقع تلك الثلاثة قمم على هضبة ثارسيس مع مجموعة أخرى من فوهات براكين أصغر منها إلى الشمال على خط مستوي واحد، بحيث يوحي ذلك التجمع أنه قد تكون تحت تأثير انزياح لطبقة سطحية فوق منطقة ساخنة، ومثل ذلك التكوين مثل مجموعة جزر هاواي الموجودة في المحيط الهادي على الأرض، وتقع قمة اسكريوس على المريخ في الإحداثيات : 3و11 شمالا، و5و104 غربا ويبلغ ارتفاعها نحو 18 كيلومتر فوق سطح المريخ.

اقرأ أيضا
 المريخ
 قمة أوليمبوس

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 Ascraeus Mons bei Google Mars

براكين المريخ
جبال المريخ

قمة اسكريوس


Durak, Adana ilinin Karaisalı ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin adı, Durak istasyonundan geldiği biliniyor.

Coğrafya
Adana il merkezine 75 km, Karaisalı ilçesine 25 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

Karaisalı'nın mahalleleri

Durak, Karaisalı


Brás Carneiro Nogueira da Gama (Rio de Janeiro,  - Rio de Janeiro ) foi filho de Brás Carneiro Nogueira da Costa e Gama, o Conde de Baependi, e como seu pai, foi um proprietário rural e político brasileiro.

Vida

Brás Carneiro Nogueira da Gama nasceu em 24 de março de 1846 no Rio de Janeiro, então a capital do país, filho de Brás Carneiro Nogueira da Costa e Gama e sua esposa Rosa Nogueira Vale da Gama. Após a conclusão dos estudos preparatórios, cursou a Escola Central (futura Escola Politécnica) desde 1863, se graduando engenheiro geógrafo em 1866, bacharel em ciências matemática e física em 1867 e engenheiro civil em 1868. Casou em 8 de janeiro de 1870 com Luísa Henriqueta Viana Nogueira da Gama, sua prima, e fundou a fazenda de Santa Luísa, que foi batizada em homenagem a ela. Seguindo os passos do pai, dedicou-se por alguns anos aos cuidados das propriedades rurais que a família detinha, mas logo abandonaria os negócios para focar na política. Embora alinhado com as tendências republicanas, foi convencido pelo pais e por seus correligionários a disputar duas eleições para deputado da assembleia provincial fluminense, nos biênios de 1882-1883 e 1888-1889, pelo Partido Conservador, vencendo em ambas as ocasiões.

Aquando da proclamação da república em 15 de novembro de 1889, era membro da bancada republicada liderada por Francisco Portela e primeiro vice-presidente da assembleia provincial. Por decreto provisório do marechal Deodoro da Fonseca, tornar-se-ia o segundo vice-presidente do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Em setembro de 1890, durante as eleições para o Congresso Nacional Constituinte, foi sufragado senador, com mandato de três anos, devido a sua baixa votação. Depois da promulgação da Constituição de 24 de fevereiro de 1891, foi escolhido vice-presidente do senado, em cujo posto presidiu a primeira sessão da primeira legislatura do Congresso Nacional. Também dirigiu e colaborou durante as reuniões senatoriais para decidir o regimento interno da casa. Apesar de suas ações, foi substituído em 19 de junho por Prudente de Morais. Na sequência, foi membro das comissões de finanças, obras públicas e empresas privilegiadas.

Com a posse de Floriano Peixoto em 23 e novembro de 1891, após a renúncia de Deodoro da Fonseca, tornar-se-ia opositor do governo federal. Com o fim de seu mandato em 1893, e com a subida ao poder no Rio de Janeiro de um partido contrário ao seu, decidiu se retirar da vida pública. Em 1896, a convida do então presidente do Banco da República do Brasil Afonso Pena, tornar-se-ia engenheiro e consultar técnico da instituição. Em função até 1900, quando, por dificuldades financeiras do banco, foi dispensado, dedicou-se a fiscalizar companhias e empresas que obtiveram empréstimos em bônus. Em 1907, durante a presidência de Afonso Pena, foi nomeado engenheiro-inspetor da Repartição do Povoamento do Solo. Por fim, serviu como funcionário adido do Ministério da Agricultura. Faleceu no Rio de Janeiro em 27 de abril de 1922.

Proprietários rurais do estado do Rio de Janeiro
Naturais da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Deputados do Império do Brasil
Senadores do Brasil
Brasileiros do século XIX
Brasileiros do século XX

Brás Carneiro Nogueira da Gama


Cascada Jiao Lung (en chino: 蛟龍瀑布) es la cascada más alta en Taiwán, con una caída total de 600 metros (2.000 pies). Está situada en un acantilado del Monte Da Ta cerca del famoso destino turístico de Alishan, en el distrito de Chiayi. Su ciudad más cercana es la pequeña aldea de Fengshan. Predominantemente estacional, se ha sabido que tiene flujo muy reducido sólo varios días después de las lluvias. Aunque a menudo se dice que es la cascada más alta en el Lejano Oriente, este no es el caso, ya que hay varias cascadas en China, y posiblemente incluso el propio Taiwán, que son aún mayores.

Véase también
Cascada de Serebró
Cascada de Skakavac
Cascada de Su-Uchjan
Cascada Grojogan Sewu

Referencias

Cascadas de Taiwán

Cascada Jiao Lung


في الرياضيات، تنص مبرهنة العدد المضلعي لفيرما  على أن كل عدد صحيح موجب هو عبارة عن مجموع على الأكثر لـ n عدد مضلعي من الرتبة n.

أي أنه من الممكن كتابة عدد صحيح على الأكثر مجموعا لثلاثة أعداد مثلثية، أو أربعة أعداد مربعية، أو خمس أعداد مخمسية، وهكذا.

مثال على مجموع أعداد مثلثية العدد 17 = 10 + 6 + 1.

تعتبر مبرهنة المربعات الأربعة للاغرانج واحدة من أشهر الحالات الخاصة لهذه المبرهنة، التي تنص أن كل عدد صحيح موجب يمكن التعبير عنه بمجموع أربع أعداد مربعية، مثال: 7 = 4 + 1 + 1 + 1.

انظر أيضاً
 عدد مضلعي
 معضلة ويرينغ

مراجع

 Eric W. Weisstein. "Fermat's Polygonal Number Theorem." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FermatsPolygonalNumberTheorem.html
 Nathanson, M. B. "A Short Proof of Cauchy's Polygonal Number Theorem." Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. Vol. 99, No. 1, 22-24, (Jan. 1987).

مواقع خارجية

أعداد شكلية
مبرهنات في نظرية الأعداد
نظرية الأعداد التحليلية
نظرية الأعداد المضافة

مبرهنة العدد المضلعي لفيرما


Taisei Isoe (født 10. marts 1998) er en japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Gainare Tottori.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Taisei Isoe


Microsoft PowerPoint, Microsoft firması tarafından hazırlanmış bir sunum tasarlama ve düzenleme yazılımıdır. PowerPoint yazılımı, Microsoft Office paketiyle ve Microsoft 365 aboneliğiyle birlikte satılmaktadır.

PowerPoint, kullanıcılarına düzenleyebilmeleri için içine video, ses, resim, yazı, 3 boyutlu nesneler, grafikler gibi nesnelerin eklenebileceği bir sayfalar sunar. Kullanıcılar, bu sayfalarda istedikleri görünüm tasarımlarını gerçekleştirerek sunularını hazırlar.

Bu programın orijinal ilk sürümü Forethought şirketinden Dennis Austin ve Thomas Rudkin tarafından yaratılmıştır. Macintosh bilgisayarları için tasarlanan bu program ilk olarak Presenter ismiyle piyasaya sürülmüştür. 1987 yılında, isim konusunda yaşanan marka sorunlarından dolayı Presenter ismi PowerPoint olarak değiştirilmiştir. Aynı yılın Ağustos ayında, Forethought şirketi 14 milyon Amerikan doları karşılığında Microsoft'a satıldı ve böylece bu şirket Microsoft'un Grafik İş Birimi oldu. PowerPoint de gelişimine buradan devam etti.

Microsoft PowerPoint 2007 Service Pack 2 (SP2 PowerPoint) 2007, görsel öğeler bakımından, önceki sürümlerine göre daha zengindir. Örneğin; bir nesneyi tasarlarken, o nesne üzerinde anında değişiklik yaparak, bu değişiklikleri, eskisi gibi "Tamam" düğmesine basmak gerekmiyor. PowerPoint 2007 ile tasarım yaparken, diğer Office 2007 programlarında olduğu gibi, yapılanı anında görmek mümkündür. Örneğin; bir yazıyı seçip, onun rengini seçerken, o rengin yazı üzerinde nasıl göründüğünü, rengi seçmeden mümkündür. 2016 sürümü ile dokunmatik ekranlara tam olarak uyarlanmıştır. En son olarak 2021 sürümü piyasaya sürüldü. 2021 sürümü Office 2021, Office LTSC 2021 ve Microsoft 365 olarak satılır. Office 2021 sürümü Office'i tek seferde satın almak isteyen günlük kullanıcılar ve küçük işletmeler'e yöneliktir. Office LTSC 2021 Office'i tek seferde almak isteyen büyük işletmeler'e yöneliktir. Microsoft 365 ise Office sürümünü sürekli güncel tutmak isteyen kullanıcılar ve şirketlere yöneliktir. Microsoft 365 sürümüne aylık veya yıllık para ödenir. Microsoft 365 sürümü otomatik olarak en son Office sürümünü alarak güncel kalır.

Diğer platformlar

Mobil cihazlar için PowerPoint
PowerPoint Mobile, Windows Mobile 5.0 ile birlikte gelir. Yazma yetenekleri not eklemek, metin düzenlemek ve slaytların sırasını değiştirmekle sınırlı olsa da, Microsoft PowerPoint sunumlarını okumanıza ve düzenlemenize izin veren bir sunum programıdır. Yeni sunumlar oluşturamaz. PowerPoint Mobile'ın Windows Phone 7 sürümleri, web yayını sunumlarını da görüntüleyebilir. 2015 yılında Microsoft, Windows 10 için PowerPoint Mobile'ı evrensel bir uygulama olarak yayınladı. PowerPoint'in bu sürümünde, kullanıcılar yeni sunumlar oluşturabilir ve düzenleyebilir, PowerPoint belgelerini sunabilir ve paylaşabilir.

İnternet için PowerPoint
Web için PowerPoint, Microsoft Excel ve Microsoft Word'ün web sürümlerini de içeren web üzerindeki Office paketinin bir parçası olarak sunulan Microsoft PowerPoint'in ücretsiz, hafif bir sürümüdür. Web için PowerPoint, bilgisayarınızda kayıtlı çizelgeleri, denklemleri, sesleri veya videoları eklemeyi veya düzenlemeyi desteklemez, ancak masaüstü uygulamasını kullanarak eklediyseniz sununuzda görünürler. WordArt efektleri veya gelişmiş animasyonlar ve geçişler gibi bazı öğeler, belgeye kaydedilip kaydedilmediklerine bakılmaksızın hiç görünmez. Web için PowerPoint ayrıca masaüstü uygulamasında bulunan anahat, şablon, slayt sıralayıcı ve sunucu görünümlerinden yoksundur ve sınırlı yazdırma özelliklerine sahiptir.

Uyumluluk
Microsoft Office'e dahil edilmesi sayesinde PowerPoint, sunum oluşturmak için dünyanın en yaygın kullanılan programı haline geldi. PowerPoint sunum dosyaları genellikle program kullanıcıları tarafından diğer bilgisayarlara iletilir, bu da rakip programların onlarla uyumlu olması gerektiği anlamına gelir. Ancak PowerPoint, diğer uygulamaların öğelerini OLE aracılığıyla bağlama yeteneğine sahip olduğundan, bazı sunumlar Windows platformuna güçlü bir şekilde bağlanır ve bu dosyaların, örneğin Mac OS sürümünde açılmasını imkansız hale getirir. Bu, PDF ve OASIS OpenDocument gibi açık standartlara geçişe yol açtı.

Logoları

Ayrıca bakınız
 Microsoft yazılımları listesi

Kaynakça

1987 yazılımları
PowerPoint
Mountain View, Kaliforniya
Sunum yazılımları
Teknik iletişim araçları
Genelleşen markalar

Microsoft PowerPoint


Stephen Lawrence Schwartz (born March 6, 1948) is an American musical theatre lyricist and composer. In a career spanning over five decades, Schwartz has written such hit musicals as Godspell (1971), Pippin (1972), and Wicked (2003). He has contributed lyrics to a number of successful films, including Pocahontas (1995), The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996), The Prince of Egypt (1998, music and lyrics), and Enchanted (2007).

Schwartz has earned numerous accolades including three Grammy Awards, three Academy Awards, and a Golden Globe Award. He has received nominations for six Tony Awards, and a Laurence Olivier Award. He received the Tony Award's Isabelle Stevenson Award in 2015.

Early life and education
Schwartz was born to a Jewish family in New York City, the son of Sheila Lorna (née Siegel), a teacher, and Stanley Leonard Schwartz, a businessman. He grew up in the Williston Park area of Nassau County, New York, where he graduated from Mineola High School in 1964. While attending Carnegie Mellon University, Schwartz composed and directed an early version of Pippin (entitled Pippin, Pippin) with the student-run theatre group, Scotch'n'Soda. Schwartz graduated from Carnegie Mellon University in 1968 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in drama.

Early career
Upon returning to New York City, Schwartz went to work as a producer for RCA Records, but shortly thereafter began to work in Broadway theatre. He was asked to be the musical director of the first American rock opera, The Survival of St. Joan. He was credited as the producer of the double album of the soundtrack with the progressive rock group Smoke Rise on Paramount Records. His first major credit was the title song for the play Butterflies Are Free; the song was eventually used in the movie version as well.

In 1971, he wrote music and lyrics for Godspell, for which he won several awards, including two Grammys. For this musical's Toronto production in 1972, he asked Paul Shaffer to be the musical director, thus starting Shaffer's career. Godspell was followed by the English-language texts, in collaboration with Leonard Bernstein, for Bernstein's Mass, which opened the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, DC. In 1972, the long-running Pippin premiered on Broadway. Schwartz had begun writing songs for Pippin while in college, although none of the songs from the college version ended up in the Broadway production. Both Pippin and Godspell continue to be frequently produced.

Two years after Pippin debuted, Schwartz wrote music and lyrics of The Magic Show, which ran for just under 2,000 performances. By mid-1974, at age 26, Schwartz had three smash hit musicals playing in New York simultaneously. Next were the music and lyrics of The Baker's Wife, which closed before reaching Broadway after an out-of-town tryout tour in 1976. However, the cast album went on to attain cult status, which led to several subsequent productions, including a London production directed by Trevor Nunn in 1990 and another at the Paper Mill Playhouse in New Jersey in 2005.

In 1978, Schwartz's next Broadway project was a musical version of Studs Terkel's Working, which he adapted and directed, winning the Drama Desk Award as best director, and for which he contributed four songs. He also co-directed the television production, which was presented as part of the PBS American Playhouse series. In 1977, Schwartz wrote a children's book called The Perfect Peach. In the 1980s, Schwartz wrote songs for a one-act musical for children, The Trip, which 20 years later was revised, expanded and produced as Captain Louie. He then wrote music for three of the songs of the Off-Broadway revue Personals, and lyrics to Charles Strouse's music for the musical Rags.

Later career
In 1991, Schwartz wrote the music and lyrics for the musical Children of Eden. He then began working in film, collaborating with composer Alan Menken on the scores for the Disney animated features Pocahontas (1995), for which he received two Academy Awards, and The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996). He provided songs for DreamWorks' first animated feature, The Prince of Egypt (1998), winning another Academy Award for the song "When You Believe". He wrote music and lyrics for the original television musical, Geppetto (2000), seen on The Wonderful World of Disney. A stage adaptation of this piece premiered in June 2006 at The Coterie Theatre in Kansas City, Missouri, and was titled Geppetto and Son, and is now known as Disney's My Son Pinocchio: Geppetto's Musical Tale. A version created for young performers, titled Geppetto & Son, Jr. had its world premiere on July 17, 2009, at the Lyric Theatre in Stuart, Florida. It was presented by the StarStruck Performing Arts Center.

In 2003, Schwartz returned to Broadway, as composer and lyricist for Wicked, a musical based on the novel Wicked: The Life and Times of the Wicked Witch of the West, which tells the story of the Oz characters from the point of view of the witches. Schwartz won a Grammy Award for his work as composer and lyricist and producer of Wicked'''s cast recording. On March 23, 2006, the Broadway production of Wicked passed the 1,000 performance mark, making Schwartz one of four composers (the other three being Andrew Lloyd Webber, Jerry Herman, and Richard Rodgers) to have three shows last that long on Broadway (the other two were Pippin and The Magic Show). In 2007, Schwartz joined Jerry Herman as being one of only two composer/lyricists to have three shows run longer than 1,500 performances on Broadway.

After Wicked, Schwartz contributed music and lyrics for a new musical that was commissioned to celebrate the bicentennial of the birth of Hans Christian Andersen. The production, titled Mit Eventyr or "My Fairytale", opened at the Gladsaxe Theatre in Copenhagen in the fall of 2005. The American premiere of My Fairytale took place in the summer of 2011 at the PCPA Theatrefest of California and was directed by the composer's son Scott Schwartz.

Schwartz returned to Hollywood in 2007 and wrote lyrics for the hit Disney film Enchanted, again collaborating with Menken. Three songs from the film, "Happy Working Song", "That's How You Know", and "So Close", were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song. He has written the theme song for the Playhouse Disney show Johnny and the Sprites, starring John Tartaglia. A recent project is incidental music for his son Scott Schwartz's adaptation of Willa Cather's My Ántonia.

On several occasions prior to 2008, Schwartz had reached out to Tim Dang who was the longtime artistic director of Los Angeles-based Asian-Pacific Islander theater company, East West Players (EWP). This collaboration led to the conception of a new version of Pippin, aesthetically inspired by Japanese anime and musically inspired by hip-hop. The production was a record-breaking hit and remained the highest grossing production in EWP's history for an entire decade before being dethroned by Allegiance in 2018.

In 2008, Applause Theatre and Cinema Books published the first ever Schwartz biography titled Defying Gravity, by Carol de Giere. The book is a comprehensive look at his career and life, and includes sections on how to write for the musical theatre.

Turning to the pop world in 2009, Schwartz collaborated with John Ondrasik in writing two songs on the Five for Fighting album Slice, the title track as well as "Above the Timberline". Ondrasik became familiar with Schwartz based on his daughter's affection for, and repeated attendance at performances of, the musical Wicked.

In September 2011, the Northlight Theatre in Chicago premiered Schwartz's new musical, Snapshots, which featured music and lyrics by Schwartz, book by David Stern, and was directed by Ken Sawyer. It blended together "some of the best-loved music with some of the genuinely wonderful lesser known gems of (the) renowned Broadway composer."

On March 22, 2012, the San Francisco Gay Men's Chorus released "Testimony", composed by Schwartz with lyrics taken from submissions to Dan Savage's It Gets Better Project.

In March 2015, Princess Cruises announced a partnership with Schwartz for the development of four shows over three years.  The first will be a magic themed review of Schwartz's music, titled Magic To Do, including one new song written for the show.

Schwartz returned to write the lyrics for a sequel to Enchanted, titled Disenchanted, and will do the same for a live-action remake of The Hunchback of Notre Dame.

In April 2020 Schwartz participated in a fund-raising video called Saturday Night Seder which featured an "all-star" cast of performers, composers and religious leaders broadcasting from their home computers and cellphones due to the practice of "social distancing" used by people around the world in response to the coronavirus/COVID-19 pandemic. The video explained the story of Passover through stories, song, comedy and memories, and raised money for the CDC Foundation.

Personal life
Schwartz married Carole Piasecki on June 6, 1969. They have two children, Jessica and Scott.

In 2009 Schwartz was elected president of the Dramatists Guild of America, succeeding John Weidman; he stepped down in 2014, to be succeeded by Doug Wright.

Major works

Stage
Butterflies Are Free (1969) - title song (play and movie)
Godspell (1971) - composer, lyricist
Mass (1971) - English texts (in collaboration with Leonard Bernstein)
Pippin (1972) - composer, lyricist
The Magic Show (1974) - composer, lyricist
The Baker's Wife (1976) - composer, lyricist
Working (1978) - adaptation, direction, composer, lyricist of 4 songs
Personals (1985) - composer of 3 songs
The Trip (1986) - children's show; composer, lyricist
Rags (1986) - lyricist
Children of Eden (1991) - composer, lyricist
Der Glöckner von Notre Dame (1999 Berlin) - lyricist to Alan Menken (stage version of Disney's The Hunchback of Notre Dame); Michael Kunze translated the lyrics to German; English version in 2013
Wicked (2003) - composer, lyricist
Tiruvasakam (2005) - English translation of selected verses of the Tamil hymn on Lord Siva by Manickavasagar; Indian composer Ilaiyaraaja wrote the music.
Snapshots (2005)
Captain Louie (2005)
Mit Eventyr – My Fairy Tale (2005) - contributed 6 songs
Séance on a Wet Afternoon (2009) - opera
Schikaneder (2016 Vienna)
The Prince of Egypt (2017) - composer, lyricist, based on the film

Recordings
Reluctant Pilgrim (1997)
Uncharted Territory (2001)

Books

 Defying Gravity (2008) - biography

Film
Godspell (1973) - composer, lyricist
Pocahontas (1995) - lyricist
The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1996) - lyricist
The Prince of Egypt (1998) - composer, lyricist
Enchanted (2007) - lyricist
Disenchanted (2022) - lyricist
Wicked: Part One (2024) - co-screenwriter, composer, lyricist
Wicked: Part Two (2025) - co-screenwriter, composer, lyricist
The Hunchback of Notre Dame - lyricist
Marley - composer, lyricist

Television
Working - director
Geppetto (2000) - composer, lyricist
Johnny and the Sprites (2005) - theme song

Choral
The Chanukah Song (We are Lights)
Kéramos
Thiruvasakam in Symphony (2005)
Testimony (2012)

Awards and nominations

Schwartz has won many major awards in his field, including three Oscars, three Grammys, four Drama Desk Awards, one Golden Globe Award, the Richard Rodgers Award for Excellence in Musical Theater and a self-described "tiny handful of tennis trophies".

He has received six Tony Award nominations, for Wicked, Pippin, and Godspell, music/lyrics; Rags, lyrics; and Working, music/lyrics and book. In 2015, he received an honorary Tony Award, the Isabelle Stevenson Award, for his commitment to serving artists and fostering new talent.

In April 2008, Schwartz was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In 2009, he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Also in 2009, he was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame. The induction ceremony took place on the night of January 25, 2010.

Schwartz received an Honorary Doctor of Fine Arts degree from Carnegie Mellon University in May 2015.

References

Sources
 Anderson, Ruth. Contemporary American composers. A biographical dictionary, 1st edition, G. K. Hall, 1976.
 Green, Stanley; Taylor, Deems. The world of musical comedy. The story of the American musical stage. As told through the careers of its foremost composers and lyricist, A. S. Barnes, 1980.
 Kasha, Al. Notes on Broadway. Conversations with the great songwriters, Books, Inc., 1985.
 Press, Jaques Cattell (Ed.). ASCAP Biographical Dictionary of Composers, Authors and Publishers, fourth edition, R. R. Bowker, 1980.
 Suskin, Steven. Show tunes 1905–1991. The songs, shows and careers of Broadway's major composers, Limelight Editions, 1992.

External links

Stephen Schwartz official fan site
The Schwartz Scene blog with podcasts of Stephen Schwartz talks
Stephen Schwartz Interview for MusicalTalk
Stephen Schwartz's audition tips at MusicalSingers.com
Musical writing tips from Stephen Schwartz at MusicalWriters.com
Interview with Stephen Schwartz in International Songwriters Association's "Songwriter Magazine"

American musical theatre composers
American musical theatre lyricists
American lyricists
Jewish American composers
Jewish American songwriters
Annie Award winners
Best Original Song Academy Award-winning songwriters
Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners
Carnegie Mellon University College of Fine Arts alumni
Golden Globe Award-winning musicians
Grammy Award winners
Juilliard School alumni
People from Williston Park, New York
Songwriters from New York (state)
Walt Disney Animation Studios people
1948 births
Living people
Animation composers
Broadway composers and lyricists
Male musical theatre composers

Stephen Schwartz (composer)


تنافس على المليون دولار في الدوري الذهبي لسنة 2006، 6 رياضين و5 رياضيات خلال 6 محطات.

يجب الفوز ب 6 محطات لنيل جائزة المليون دولار.

الفائزون
 أسافا باول
 جيريمي وارينر
 سانيا ريتشاردز

النتائج

مراجع
 IAAF

2006 دوري ذهبي
ألعاب القوى (المضمار والميدان) في 2006

الدوري الذهبي 2006


Halton oder Halton-on-Lune ist ein Ort in Lancashire, England. Zusammen mit dem Weiler Aughton bildet er die civil parish Halton-with-Aughton. Die civil parish hat 2306 Einwohner (2001).

Geschichte
Halton wird als Haltun im Domesday Book erwähnt, es hatte aber auch davor schon Bedeutung, da es Earl Tostig dem Bruder Harald II. gehörte. Nach dem Tode Earl Tostigs und der Normannischen Eroberung Englands veränderte sich die Bedeutung des Ortes. Das 5 km westlich gelegene Lancaster übte auf den Adel eine größere Anziehungskraft als Wohnort aus. Trotzdem blieb die strategische Bedeutung des Ortes direkt am River Lune erhalten. In Halton befinden sich die Überreste einer Festung aus dem 12. Jahrhundert. Die Befestigung war auf einem künstlich angelegten Hügel, einer Motte, errichtet worden, dessen Basis heute einen Durchmesser von 95 m und eine Höhe von 3,20 m hat, die Oberfläche des Burgberges hat einen Durchmesser von 11 m. Auf dem Plateau wurde 1939 ein Beobachtungsposten eingerichtet und später ein Fahnenmast errichtet, die den stark beschädigten Hügel weiter zerstört haben. Die Burg ist eine von mehreren Burgen im Tal des River Lune, die heute nicht mehr existieren, die aber einst als eine wichtige Verteidigungslinie gegen feindliche Einfälle aus dem Norden nach England, die  über den Gebirgspass des Shap Summit und dann entlang dem Lauf des River Lune bei Tebay vollzogen werden konnten, schützten und noch heute den Grenzlandcharakter dieser Gegend nach der normannischen Eroberung demonstrieren. Mit dem Wachsen der Bedeutung Lancasters schwand aber immer mehr die Bedeutung der Festung in Halton und die Anlage wurde schließlich aufgeben.

Kirche
Die Kirche St Wilfrid's in Halton hat ihren Ursprung in vornormannischer Zeit. Das heutige Kirchengebäude ist aus dem 19. Jahrhundert und der Kirchturm aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Die Kirche ist ein Grade-II geschütztes Baudenkmal. Auf dem Kirchengelände steht ein angel-sächsisches Hochkreuz aus Sandstein, dass die Sigurd Legende darstellt. Das Kreuz, das eines von weniger als 50 im Norden von England verbliebenen Kreuzen dieser Art ist, ist ein  geschütztes Denkmal (scheduled Monument).

Verkehr
Bis 1966 wurde der Bahnhof Halton an der ehemaligen "Little" North Western Railway und dann der Bahnstrecke Leeds–Morecambe betrieben. Die Züge zwischen Leeds und Morecambe fahren inzwischen auf einer anderen Strecke und die alte Strecke wurde zum Fahrrad- und Wanderweg umgebaut.

Westlich des Ortes verläuft der M6 motorway, dessen Anschlussstelle Lune Valley Interchange hauptsächlich auf der Südseite des Flusses liegt.

Siehe auch
 Arkholme-with-Cawood
 Burton-in-Lonsdale
 Hornby
 Melling-with-Wrayton
 Whittington

Weblinks

 Castle Hill, Halton Lancashire County Council.
 Church of St Wilfrid bei English Heritage
 Highcross in St Wilfrid's Churchyard, Halton bei English Heritage.

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Lancashire
River Lune (Irische See)
Geographie (City of Lancaster)

Halton-on-Lune


أنجـِلو أنكويلـّيتـّي ، (سان دوناتو ميلانيزي، 25 ابريل 1943) لاعب كرة قدم إيطالي سابق.

لعب مع منتخب إيطاليا لكرة القدم.

مسيرته الكروية
لعب أنجلو أنكويليتي خلال مسيرته الاحترافية مع 4 أندية في ثمانية عشر موسمًا ولم يسجل خلالها أي هدف ضمن 454 مباراة. حيث فاز في أربعة مواسم بالكأس وفي موسم واحد بالدوري.

خاض أنجلو أنكويليتي مسيرته مع  في موسم 1961–62 واستمر معه طيلة ثلاثة مواسم، مشاركًا في 87 مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف. ثم انتقل إلى نادي أتالانتا في موسم 1964–65 ولمدة موسمين، حيث شارك في 48 مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف أيضًا. لينتقل بعدها إلى نادي إيه سي ميلان في موسم 1966–67 ليلعب معه أحد عشر موسمًا، مشاركًا في 278 مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف أيضًا. ثم انتقل إلى نادي مونزا في موسم 1977–78 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 41 مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف أيضًا.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
لاعبو أتالانتا
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثالثة
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الرابعة
لاعبو إيه سي ميلان
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1968
لاعبو كرة قدم إيطاليون
لاعبو منتخب إيطاليا لكرة القدم
لاعبو مونزا
لاعبون فائزون ببطولة أمم أوروبا
لاعبون فازوا بدوري أبطال أوروبا
مواليد 1943
مواليد في سان دوناتو ميلانيزي
وفيات 1436 هـ
وفيات 2015
وفيات في ميلانو

أنجلو أنكويليتي


Burak Reis veya Barak Reis (? - 12 Ağustos 1499), Osmanlı denizcilerinden biridir.

II. Bayezid döneminde Akdeniz'in en ünlü denizcilerinden biriydi. 1488'de Mısır seferine katıldı. 1499'daki Osmanlı - Venedik savaşı sırasında, Mora Yarımadası'nın doğu kıyılarında çatışmaya girdiği Venedik gemileriyle kendi gemisini de yakarak öldü.

Sapienza Deniz Savaşı'nda sağ cenahın kumandanı Burak Reis amiralin gemisine Lurdan ve Istafanos isimli Venedik kaptanlarının gemileri saldırdılar. Lurdan Burak Reis'in gemisine ulaşınca ona çapa ile bağlandı. Atılan oklarla Barak Reis'in gemisinin önce yelkenleri tutuştu. Ardından ateş geminin içine doğru ilerledi. Kemal Reis yardım etmek istedi ama geç kalınmıştı. Geminin cephanesi ateş alınca büyük bir infilak yaşandı. Görenlerin dediğine göre geminin ana yelken direğini ok gibi gökyüzüne atan bir infilak yaşandı. Barak Reis'in gemisi ve yakınındaki Venedik gemileri o gün ve gece boyunca yandılar. Bu olayın tarihi 5 Muharrem 905, yani 12 Ağustos 1499'dur. Bu olayı ilk defa tarihe kaydeden Safai, Burak Reis'in kahramanca Venedik gemileri arasına kendisini attığını söylemez. Bunun aksine onun iki gemi tarafından kıstırıldığını dile getirir. Safai'ye göre Lurdan ve Istafanos'un gemileri Burak Reis'in gemisinden daha büyüktür. Büyük bir ihtimalle Burak Reis'in gemisini Kemal Reis'e ait zanneden iki Venedik kumandanının bu hadise üzerine ölmelerinin ardından taarruza geçen Osmanlı Donanması Venediklileri yenilgiye uğrattı.

Sapienza Deniz Savaşı ismi ile tarihe geçen bu savaş Türkler'in tarihte kazandıkları ilk açık deniz savaşıdır. Daha sonra Sapienza adasına Barak Reis Adası adı verildi.

Popüler Kültürde Yeri
2021'deTRT 1 de yayınlanmaya başlayan Barbaroslar: Akdeniz'in Kılıcı dizisinde Serkan Ergün tarafından canlandırılmıştır.

Dış bağlantılar
 https://www.dunyabulteni.net/tarihten-olaylar/burak-reis-nasil-kendini-feda-etti-h132640.html
 https://web.archive.org/web/20180313122211/http://www.bilimveteknik.com/turk-denizcileri/burak-reis-1499.html

Kaynakça

Osmanlı denizcileri
1499 yılında ölenler
Çatışmada ölen Osmanlılar
15. yüzyılda Osmanlılar

Burak Reis


The Odia script () is a Brahmic script used to write primarily Odia language and others including Sanskrit and other regional languages. It is one of the official scripts of the Indian Republic. The script has developed over more than 1000 years from a variant of Siddhaṃ script which was used in Eastern India, where the characteristic top line transformed into a distinct round umbrella shape due to the influence of palm leaf manuscripts and also being influenced by the neighbouring scripts from the Western and Southern regions.

Odia is a syllabic alphabet or an abugida wherein all consonants have an inherent vowel embedded within. Diacritics (which can appear above, below, before, or after the consonant they belong to) are used to change the form of the inherent vowel. When vowels appear at the beginning of a syllable, they are written as independent letters. Also, when certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols combine the essential parts of each consonant symbol.

An important feature of the Odia language seen in the script is the retention of inherent vowel in consonants, also known as schwa, at both medial and final positions. This absence of schwa deletion, which is also seen in Sanskrit, marks it from the rest of modern Indo-Aryan languages and their equivalent usage in related Brahmic scripts. The absence of the inherent vowel in the consonant is marked by a virama or halanta sign below the consonant.

History
In Eastern India, a derivative of Siddhaṃ script yielded a group of scripts that eventually became Bengali-Assamese scripts, Tirhuta script and the Odia script, with the latter turning the hook into a characteristic umbrella. The earliest known example of Odia language, in the Kalinga script, dates from 1051.

The curved appearance of the Odia script is a result of the practice of writing on palm leaves, which have a tendency to tear with the use of too many straight lines.

As with all the Brahmic scripts in the region, the Odia script developed through four stages which can be seen from the stone inscriptions, copper-plates and the manuscripts. The periods of development are in the following order,

 Proto-Odia: ca 7th- 9th CE
 Medieval Odia: ca 10th- 12th CE
 Transitional Odia: ca 12th- 14th CE
 Modern (current) Odia: ca 14th- 16th CE

The archaic and medieval forms of Odia are more influenced by the calligraphy of the scripts of neighbouring regions, such as,

 In Northern Odisha, where the letters are written in Odia, mixed in with Siddham-derived Gaudi style (that is the right vertical part of the letter is slightly bent inwards).
 In southern Odisha, where it is mixed with Telugu-Kannada round, cursive form.
 In Western Odisha, where it is mixed with Nagari and Siddham (squarish shape in upper-part).

With regards to the epigraphical sources, the antiquities which display the various historical forms of writing in Odia script include rock-edicts, temple inscriptions, stone-slabs, pillar inscriptions, sculptures, copper-plates, coins and palm-leaf manuscripts, illustrated manuscripts, ivory plates and allied materials. Numerous instances of the items depicting all the respective stages of the development of the Odia script during the illustrious dynasties of Eastern Ganga, Somavanshi, Bhanja, Bhauma-kara, Sailodbhava dynasties.

Some of them belonging to different centuries are as follows-

 One of the earliest specimens of the Odia script is that of the Urjam inscription dating from the 11th CE (1051 CE). The language used in the inscriptions is a dialect spoken on the border regions of Odisha and Madhya Pradesh. The same applies to a bilingual and biscriptual stone inscription (Odia and Tamil) from the reign of Narasimhadeva (13th CE), found at Bhubaneswar. Odia language in old Odia script is seen on the right side while Tamil in Grantha on the left side.
 The Gumsur copper-plate grant of Netribhanjadeva (11th CE) depicts the medieval phase of this script in square and round variety.
 The stone inscription of the Pottesvara temple, Ganjam district (137 CE), is a notable example of Odia script influenced by Telugu-Kannada variety.
 The Antirigam plate of Yashabhanjadeva (12th CE) depicts Odia calligraphy influenced by northern Nagari. The differences in letters script seems to indicate of the script being in a transitional phase.
 Khilor inscription of Anantavarman (12th CE) shows the Gaudi or Proto-Oriya script round shape on the upper part, almost developed like the modern ones.
 The early epigraphical records of the Puri inscriptions of Anangabhima III (1211-1238 CE), which is considered to be as one of the earliest Odia inscriptions showing the Gaudi characters, not only shows the stage of the proto, early and medieval phase if the evolution of the Odia script, but also the numericals in early proto-Oriya type while others to be that of the Telugu-Kannada type. The earlier inscription of Chodagangadeva (1114-1115 CE) shows the Late Siddhaṃ variety where the pristhamatra style of vowel diacritics is quite prominent.
 In the records of Kenduapatna copper-plates in Sanskrit of the Eastern Ganga King Narasimhadeva II (1278-1305 CE), a transitional variety is seen depicting the development of Odia from Gaudi (showing squarish with round headlines in a ductus that is quite commonly seen on copper-plates and stone inscriptions).
 The copper-plate land-grant record of the Gajapati King Purushottamadeva (15th CE), inscribed on a copper axe-head, shows the distinct early version of the modern Odia script which are also seen on the palm-leaves manuscripts belonging to the 15th CE.

With regards to the manuscript sources, the full-fledged script of Odia acquires its classical umbrella hook shape through the development, modification as well as simplification between the 14th and 15th CE, when the palm-leaf manuscript culture becomes dominant in this region. Since the palm-leaves are perishable in nature, no manuscripts are currently available pre-15th CE. Hence, recent works are also important as they show the rare and ancient text as well as artistic illustrations. One of the earliest dated palm-leaf manuscripts is that of Abhinava Gita-Govinda kept in Odisha State Museum. The date of completion of the manuscript is estimated to be that of 1494 CE. Among other manuscripts present at the museum, includes historical works like manuscripts of Jayadeva's Gita-Govinda (16th CE) to the relatively recent works of 18th,19th and 20th century.

Overwhelmingly, the Odia script was used to write the Odia language. However, it has been used as a regional writing-system for Sanskrit. Furthermore, Grierson in his famed Linguistic Survey of India mentioned that the Odia script is sometimes used for Chhattisgarhi, an Eastern Hindi language, in the eastern border regions of Chhattisgarh. However it appears to have been replaced with the Devanagari script.

Alphabet

Odia is an alphasyllabic alphabet or an abugida wherein all consonants have an inherent vowel embedded within. Diacritics (which can appear above, below, before or after the consonant they belong to) are used to change the form of the inherent vowel.  When vowels appear at the beginning of a syllable, they are written as independent letters. Also, when certain consonants occur together, special conjunct symbols are used to combine the essential parts of each consonant symbol. The list of vowels and consonants(both structured and unstructured) are as follows:

Independent vowels

The following are the list of Odia vowels.

There is no significant difference in the pronunciation of both short and long vowels (,  & , ). Also, the vowels , ,  and their diacritics are only required while writing Sanskrit in Odia script and not used significantly in modern Odia, hence they are not always mentioned in the Odia alphabet.

Consonants

Two categories of consonant letters (ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ byan̄jana) are defined in Odia: the structured consonants (ବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ bargya byan̄jana) and the unstructured consonants (ଅବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ abargya byan̄jana).

The first standardised Odia alphabet book was compiled by Madhusudan Rao named Barnabodha in 1895. As seen from the alphabet list, the phonemes Ba, Va and Wa were represented by the same letter ବ, with the sound Va & Wa being represented by the name abargya ba (ଅବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ). This can be seen in Barnabodha in 1896. This was because the phonemes Ba and Va merged in the Eastern Indo-Aryan languages and was represented by the same letter, in case of Odia- ବ. While the phoneme Wa existed through the consonant ligature symbol, which it shared with Ba- ୍ୱ (ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ- swādhīna). Gopala Chandra Praharaj, who compiled and published the first comprehensive Odia dictionary, Purnachandra Odia Bhashakosha(1931-40), introduced a new letter ୱ to the script inventory to represent the phonetic sound of Wa in order to distinguish it from the same symbol which it earlier shared with Ba. While an alternate letter for Wa was represented by ଵ, but has not gained full acceptance and instead Praharaj's letter has remained the widely used and recognised letter.

Structured consonants
The structured consonants(ବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ) are classified according to where the tongue touches the palate of the mouth and are classified accordingly into five structured groups. These consonants are shown here with their ISO transliteration.

Unstructured consonants
The unstructured consonants (ଅବର୍ଗ୍ୟ ବ୍ୟଞ୍ଜନ) are consonants that do not fall into any of the above structures:

Although the sibilants , ,  have their independent orthography, in modern spoken Odia all three of them are pronounced the same as (sa).

 - This letter is used sporadically for the phonetic Va/Wa as an alternative for the officially recognised letter , but has not gained widespread acceptance.

Notes

Vowel diacritics

The following table shows the list of vowel diacritics on consonants.

Signs and punctuation

List of diacritic signs and punctuation marks present in languages with Brahmi-derived scripts.

Consonant ligatures

Clusters of two or more consonants form a ligature. Basically Odia has two types of such consonant ligatures. The "northern" type is formed by fusion of two or more consonants as in northern scripts like Devanāgarī (but to a lesser extent also in the Malayalam script in the south). In some instances the components can be easily identified, but sometimes completely new glyphs are formed. With the "southern" type the second component is reduced in size and put under the first as in the southern scripts used for  and Telugu (and to some extent also for Malayalam script).

List of diacritic signs and punctuation marks present in languages with Brahmi-derived scripts.

The following table lists all conjunct forms. (Different fonts may use different ligatures.)

Ambiguities
The subjoined form of ଛ cha is also used for subjoined ଥ tha:
 for ଛ cha: ଚ୍ଛ ccha, ଞ୍ଛ ñcha, ଶ୍ଛ ścha
 for ଥ tha: ନ୍ଥ ntha, ସ୍ଥ stha
The sign for the nasal ଂ ṃ looks similar to the right side of the glyph used for ଫ pha and ଙ ṅa:
 ଫ pha (versus ପଂ paṃ)
 ଙ ṅa (versus ଡଂ ḍaṃ or ଉଂ uṃ)
 ମ୍ଫ mpha (versus ମ୍ପଂ mpaṃ)

Karani script or Odia cursive/calligraphic style

Karani script (କରଣୀ ଅକ୍ଷର) (also Chata script ଛଟା ଅକ୍ଷର) was a cursive/calligraphic style variant of the Odia script developed by the Karana (କରଣ) community, the scribes (professional writer-class) of the Odia royal courts. It was used in the pre-Independence Orissa (Odisha) region in South Asia and was primarily used by the Karana community who were working for  administrative purposes, documentation and keeping records in the royal courts of the Odia princely states (Orissa Tributary States). The name Karani is derived from the metal stylus, Karani that was used for writing on palm leaf.

Numerals

Fraction symbols are obsolete post decimalisation on 1 April 1957.

Comparison of Odia script with ancestral and related scripts

Odia letters are mostly round shaped whereas Devanagari and Bengali have horizontal lines. So in most cases the reader of Odia will find the related distinctive parts of the letter only below the curved hoop.

Vowels

Consonants

Vowel diacritics

The vowel diacritics observed in Odia is similar to that of Bengali-Assamese as inherited from the Siddham pristhmatra style, differing from the diacritic symbols inherited by the scripts related to Devanagari line.

Sample text

Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The following is a sample text in Odia of Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ():

Odia in the Odia script

Odia in ISO 15919

 Anucchēda 1: Samasta manuṣya janmakāḷaru swādhīna ēbaṁ maryẏādā o adhikārarē samāna. Sēmānaṅkaṭhārē buddhi o bibēka nihita achi ēbaṁ sēmānaṅku paraspara prati bhrātr̥twa manōbhābarē bẏabahāra karibā ucit.

Odia in the IPA

:

Gloss

Article 1: All human beings from birth are free and dignity and rights are equal. Their reason and intelligence endowed with and they towards one another in a brotherhood spirit behaviour to do should.

Translation

Article 1:  All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Unicode

Odia script was added to the Unicode Standard in October 1991 with the release of version 1.0.

The Unicode block for Odia is U+0B00–U+0B7F:

Gallery

Notes

See also
 Karani script
 Odia Braille

References

External links
 The Unicode Standard: Chapter 9 – South and Southeast Asian Scripts (PDF)
 Odia alphabet – From Omniglot

Odia culture
Odia language
Brahmic scripts
Articles containing video clips
Linguistic history of India
Officially used writing systems of India

Odia script


Elevator shoes are shoes that have thickened sections of the insoles (known as shoe lifts) under the heels to make the wearer appear taller, or "elevate" them as the name suggests.

Unlike high-heeled shoes, the component of elevator shoes that increases the wearer's height is inside the shoe, hiding it from observers. An elevator shoe, like the platform shoe's heel, can be made from different soles like plastic, wood, or rubber. Shoes with thickened soles are also used in cases of orthopedic problems, although the term "elevator shoe" is not usually used for these.

See also
 Platform shoe
 Shoe insert
 Dress shoe

References

Footwear
Human height

Elevator shoe


Erika Kornélia Szeles (1941-1956), adolescente hongroise qui a participé à la révolution de 1956.
 László Széles (1966-), acteur hongrois.
 Monica Seles (1973-), joueuse de tennis de l'ex-Yougoslavie, naturalisée américaine.
Homonymie de patronyme

Szeles


Daniel Albert Fechter (* 8. Mai 1805 in Basel; † 1. April 1876 ebenda; heimatberechtigt in Basel) war ein reformierter Schweizer Theologe, Pädagoge und Historiker.

Leben und Werk
Fechter, Sohn eines Schuhmachers, studierte Theologie an der Universität Basel und wirkte anschliessend von 1824 bis 1876 als Lehrer für Griechisch und Latein am Humanistischen Gymnasium und ab 1841 auch am Pädagogium in Basel. Von 1857 bis 1876 war er zudem Konrektor des Gymnasiums.

Neben seiner Lehrtätigkeit betrieb Fechter historische Forschungen, namentlich zur Basler Geschichte. Zeitweise war er Herausgeber des Basler Taschenbuchs. Für die Sammlung der älteren eidgenössischen Abschiede betreute er diejenigen Bände, welche die Zeiträume 1618–1648 und 1712–1743 umfassten. Überdies gab er die Autobiographien von Thomas Platter dem Älteren, Felix Platter und Andreas Ryff heraus.

Werke (Auswahl)
 Die Geschichte des Schulwesens in Basel bis 1733. 2 Bde., Basel 1837–1839.
 Thomas Platter und Felix Platter, zwei Autobiographieen. Ein Beitrag zur Sittengeschichte des XVI. Jahrhunderts. Basel 1840 (Herausgeber).
 Die Amerbachische Abschrift des Vellejus Paterculus und ihr Verhältniss zum Murbacher Codex und zur editio princeps. Basel 1844.
 Bruchstück aus der Autobiographie des Andreas Ryff. In: Basler Taschenbuch 1851, S. 23–61 (Herausgeber).
 Topographie, mit Berücksichtigung der Cultur- und Sittengeschichte. In: Basel im vierzehnten Jahrhundert. Basel 1856, S. 1–146.
 Peter von Hagenbach, Landvogt des Herzogs Karl von Burgund. Mülhausen 1868.
 Das Waisenhaus in Basel. Seine Gründung, seine Entwicklung und sein gegenwärtiger Bestand. Basel 1871 (mit Johann Jakob Schäublin).

Literatur

Weblinks
 Veröffentlichungen von Daniel Albert Fechter im Opac der Regesta Imperii
 Publikationen von und über Daniel Albert Fechter im Katalog Helveticat der Schweizerischen Nationalbibliothek

Pädagoge (19. Jahrhundert)
Landeshistoriker (Schweiz)
Reformierter Theologe (19. Jahrhundert)
Sachbuchautor
Schweizer
Person (Basel)
Geboren 1805
Gestorben 1876
Mann

Daniel Albert Fechter


Hútúar eru þjóðflokkur sem er upphaflega frá Stóru vötnunum í Afríku, þar sem í dag eru löndin Búrundi og Rúanda.

Uppruni

Hútúar eru einnig kallaðir Bahutu og Wahutu, af bantútalandi fólki í  löndunum. Seint á 20. öld voru Hútúar um það bil níu og hálf milljón talsins og voru flestir í  Rúanda og Búrundi undirlagðir Tútsi-þjóðflokknum. Þegar Hútúarnir komu fyrst inn á svæðið fundu þeir að það var byggt af Twa, Pygmy veiðimönnum sem þeir neyddu til að hörfa. Hútú lifnaðarhættir miðuðust að litlum landbúnaði og félagsleg skipulag byggðist á ættinni þar sem smákóngar réðu yfir takmörkuðum lénum. Tútsar komu svo á svæðið á 14. og 15. öld og smám saman tóku þeir yfir og neyddu Hútúa í herrasamband og voru Tútsar við völd í Rúanda til 1959. (britannica T. e., 2021).

Afrískir þjóðflokkar
Rúanda
Búrúndí

Hútúar


Die  Heckenlandschaft Kattenvenne ist ein in Kattenvenne gelegenes Naturschutzgebiet. Das 37,9 ha große Areal befindet sich im Südwesten der Gemeinde Lienen an der Grenze zum Kreis Warendorf. Es grenzt an den Sudendorfer Vennepohl, ein
Naturschutzgebiet in der niedersächsischen Gemeinde Glandorf im Landkreis Osnabrück.
Das NSG Heckenlandschaft Kattenvenne umfasst einen reich strukturierten, für die Münsterländer Parklandschaft typischen Hecken-Grünland-Komplex.

Siehe auch
 Liste der Naturschutzgebiete im Kreis Steinfurt

Weblinks

Geographie (Lienen)
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Naturschutzgebiet im Kreis Steinfurt

Heckenlandschaft Kattenvenne


El Club Baloncesto Aridane es un club de baloncesto de España con sede en Los Llanos de Aridane, La Palma (Islas Canarias). Figura inscrito en las competiciones oficiales como Club Baloncesto Aridane-La Palma.
Fue fundado en 1980 aunque su historia se remonta a principios de los 70. Actualmente milita en la Liga Autonómica Primera División Masculina (Canarias) siendo uno de los conjuntos canarios con más historia a nivel nacional.

Historia

Cuando uno se pone a recopilar información sobre los orígenes del Club Baloncesto Aridane, es cuando se da cuenta de que tiene este Club mucha historia, mucha vida.

Empiezas a retroceder paso a paso en el tiempo y te sitúas allá por los principios de los 70, en un Club que nace de aquellos famosos torneos de verano (aun siguen siendo famosos, en todo el archipiélago).De aquí salieron parte de los primeros jugadores de nuestro Club: Rosendo Negrin, Paco Brito, Leoncio Morin, Los Pulido,…Que jugaron en nuestra primera Liga provincial.

Es en la década de los 80, cuando quizás empieza a fraguarse lo que realmente es el Club, puesto que gente, que ha estado como jugador, pasan a formar parte de la directiva o como entrenadores de los equipos de base, aportando mucho más que un granito de arena. Esto ha sido una constante en toda la historia del Club y es uno de los motivos por los cuales sigue – seguimos vivos.

Pero como casi toda historia tiene sus etapas difíciles y la nuestra fue entre finales de los 80 y principios de los 90. En la que hubo por decirlo de alguna manera un "apagón general" motivado quizás por un cambio generacional o incluso porque no, por un empacho de jornadas y jornadas; horas y horas dedicadas a este, nuestro Club.

A partir de este momento se empieza como una refundación del Club partiendo de su participación en la liga insular y ascendiendo en la temporada 98/99 a la 1ª autonómica. Es en la temporada 99/00 cuando se empieza a programar otro ascenso, el cual se haría efectivo dos años después en 2001/02. Militó en la Liga EBA Grupo B habiéndose convertido en uno de los equipos clásicos de la competición hasta la temporada 11/12 y desde entonces hasta la actualidad milita en la Liga Primera División Autonómica Masculina.
En la temporada 20 21 22, Adrian Mamona lleva al club a la decadencia.

Historial Liga

Datos del Club

 0 Temporadas en Primer Nivel Nacional
 0 Temporadas en Segundo Nivel Nacional
0 Temporadas en Tercer Nivel Nacional
8 Temporadas en Cuarto Nivel Nacional
 8 Temporadas en Liga EBA
2 Temporadas en Quinto Nivel Nacional
 2 Temporadas en Liga EBA
8  Temporadas  Primer Nivel Regional
 6 Temporadas en 1ª División Autonómica
 2 Temporadas en 2ª División Canarias
17  Temporadas  Segundo Nivel Regional
 7 Temporadas en  Provincial Masculino
 10 Temporadas en  Regional La Palma

Véase también
Anexo:Equipos de baloncesto de Canarias
Club Baloncesto Gran Canaria
Real Club Náutico de Tenerife de Baloncesto
Club Baloncesto Canarias
Tenerife Club de Baloncesto
Tenerife Amigos del Baloncesto
Unión Baloncesto La Palma
Club Baloncesto San Isidro
Club Baloncesto Gran Canaria "B"
Club Baloncesto Tacoronte
 Club Baloncesto Dominicas La Palma
Club Baloncesto Santa Cruz

Referencias

Clubes de baloncesto de Canarias
Aridane
Los Llanos de Aridane

Club Baloncesto Aridane


An Coelorachis cancellata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Henry Nicholas Ridley, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Norman Loftus Bor. An Coelorachis cancellata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Coelorachis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Coelorachis

Coelorachis cancellata


La saison 2021 du Championnat des îles Cook de football est la quarante-huitième édition du championnat de première division aux Îles Cook. Les six meilleurs clubs de Roratanga sont regroupés au sein d'une poule unique, la Round Cup, où ils s'affrontent trois fois au cours de la saison. Il n'y a ni promotion, ni relégation en fin de saison.

C'est le Nikao Sokattack FC qui est sacré champion des îles Cook cette saison après avoir terminé en tête du classement final, avec trois points d'avance sur le tenant du titre, Tupapa Maraerenga FC. C'est le septième titre de champion des îles Cook de l'histoire du club, le premier depuis 2009.

Les clubs participants

Compétition

Classement
Le barème utilisé pour établir le classement est le suivant :
 Victoire : 3 points
 Match nul : 1 point
 Défaite : 0 point

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Bilan de la saison

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Championnat des îles Cook de football

Liens externes
  Classements complets de la saison sur RSSSF

2021
Cook
2021 en Océanie

Championnat des îles Cook de football 2021


An Epidendrum cotacachiense in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eric Hágsater ngan Dodson. An Epidendrum cotacachiense in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epidendrum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epidendrum

Epidendrum cotacachiense


Lille Hanne er en stumfilm instrueret af Viggo Larsen efter manuskript af Arnold Richard Nielsen.

Handling

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1908
Stumfilm fra Danmark

Lille Hanne


Tiden og Uret er en dokumentarfilm fra 1946 instrueret af Hagen Hasselbalch efter manuskript af Hagen Hasselbalch.

Handling
En tankevækkende film om forskellige tidsaldres metoder til at udmåle tiden - fra soluret til Jens Olsens Verdensur.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Tid
Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1946

Tiden og Uret


ගිජ්ඣකූටය (පාලි: , සංස්කෘත: ), හෙවත් ගධ්‍රකූට යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ රජගහ (වර්තමාන රාජ්ගිර්) නුවර පිහිටි බුදුන් වහන්සේගේ ප්‍රියතම විවේක ස්ථානයකි. රාජ්ගිර් පිහිටියේ ඉන්දියාවේ බිහාර් ප්‍රාන්තයේ ය. මෙම කුළට එම නම ලැබී ඇත්තේ එය පියාපත් අකුළා සිටින ගිජුළිහිනියකුට සමාන නිසායි.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

සටහන්

ග්‍රන්ථාවලිය

බාහිර සබැඳි

 Vulture Peak on Dhamma Wiki

බිහාරයේ කඳු
නාලන්දා දිස්ත්‍රික්කය

ගිජ්ඣකූටය


Juan Francisco de Padilla y San Martín, O. de M. (16 de agosto de 1646 – 1700) foi um prelado católico romano que foi bispo de Santa Cruz de la Sierra de 1699 a 1700 e bispo de Porto Rico de 1683 a 1699.

Ligações externas
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)
  (for Chronology of Bishops)

Bispos de Santa Cruz de la Sierra
Bispos católicos da Bolívia do século XVII
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Inocêncio XII
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Inocêncio XI
Mortos em 1700
Nascidos em 1646

Juan Francisco de Padilla y San Martín


So I'm An Islander er et sønderjysk musikprojekt startet i 2011 af Søren Nissen Jørgensen (født 6. marts 1988), som er bosat i Sønderborg. So I'm An Islander er reference til Søren Nissen Jørgensens opvækst i Augustenborg på øen Als, og selve musikprojektet er inspireret af den sønderjyske kultur, historie og natur - specielt Als og Sønderborg. Dette kommer til udtryk i musiktitlerne, som oftest bærer en sønderjysk titel efterfulgt af en engelsk oversættelse i parentes. Musikken er instrumental og hører til inden for genrene ambient og neoklassisk. Al musik er udgivet under Creative Commons licens.

Internationale forbindelser
Søren Nissen Jørgensen har samarbejdet med forskellige uafhængige filmskabere og dokumentarister, som har gjort brug af musikken. I 2014 udkom den prisvindende dokumentarfilm Sunset over Selungo instrueret af britiske Ross Harrison, som havde to So I'm An Islander-numre på sit soundtrack. Nummeret "Dæ, Mæ o Ål'sammel (You, Me and Everybody)" høres i åbningscenen og nummeret "Æ Ka'fe å æ Jørn (The Café on the Corner)" lukker filmen. Dokumentaren vandt kategorien "Jury Award" ved Kuala Lumpur Eco Film Festival 2014 i Malaysia samt kategorien "First Place" og "People's Choice" ved Films For the Forest 2015 (USA), og blev vist ved SXSW Festivalen 2015. Derudover var dokumentarfilmen officielt udvalgt til FreedomFilmFest 2014 (Malaysia), Ekotopfilm 2014 (Slovakiet) og Native and Indigenous Film Fest 2014 (Tjekkiet). En speciel 5 minutter kort version af dokumentaren under navnet 'Balan The Blowpipe Maker' indeholdende nummeret "Dæ, Mæ o Ål'sammel (You, Me and Everybody)" blev udgivet på National Geographic's Short Film Showcase i 2014.

Diskografi
 Woodwork, 2012
 Winter Horizon, 2012 (EP)
 Æwenty'e, 2013
 So I'm An Islander, 2013
 Faue, 2013
 Mælodium Ambientum, 2013 (compilation)
 Føjst, 2014 (EP)
 Væst Ven, 2014 (EP)
 Mælodium Ambientum Klaviatorium, 2014 (compilation)
 Bræuw, 2015 (EP)
 Stelheij, 2016 (EP)
 Mælodium Ambientum 2, 2017 (compilation)
 An, 2018 (EP)

Eksterne henvisninger

 National Geograhic Short Film Showcase (Engelsk)

Musikgrupper fra Danmark

So I'm An Islander


Events from the year 1707 in Canada.

Incumbents
French Monarch: Louis XIV
English, Scottish and Irish Monarch (until May 1, 1707), British and Irish Monarch (beginning May 1, 1707): Anne

Governors
Governor General of New France: Philippe de Rigaud Vaudreuil
Governor of Acadia: Daniel d'Auger de Subercase
Colonial Governor of Louisiana: Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville
Governor of Plaisance: Philippe Pastour de Costebelle

Events
 Port Royal is attacked twice by the English from Massachusetts.

Deaths
Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin (born 1652)

References

1700s in Canada
1708 in New France
Canada
07

1707 in Canada


بلدية سانت مارتي دي سينتيليس (بالكاتالانية: Sant Martí de Centelles) هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة برشلونة، والتي تقع في منطقة كاتالونيا، شرق إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 941 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007).

مراجع

بلديات في مقاطعة برشلونة

سان مارتن دي سينتيلاس


An Eriocaulon depauperatum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Elmer Drew Merrill. An Eriocaulon depauperatum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eriocaulon, ngan familia nga Eriocaulaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eriocaulon

Eriocaulon depauperatum


Football Club Nordsjælland  er danskt knattspyrnulið frá Farum. Félagið var stofnað árið 2003 með sameiningu tveggja félaga. Ólafur Kristjánsson þjálfaði liðið um tíma.

Titlar
 Danska úrvalsdeildin  1
 2011-12
 Bikarmeistarar   2
 2009-10, 2010-11

Dönsk knattspyrnufélög
Stofnað 1964

FC Nordsjælland


Oceania ist ein Album von The Smashing Pumpkins. Es ist als Teil des seit 2009 laufenden, 44 Songs umfassenden Projektes Teargarden by Kaleidyscope im Jahr 2012 veröffentlicht worden.

Hintergrund
Mit dem Album wandte sich Billy Corgan von der Veröffentlichungsform der Downloads ab und wieder der eines Albums zu, von der er zuvor Abstand genommen habe, da sie nicht mehr zeitgemäß sei. Corgan bezeichnete Oceania auch als "Album innerhalb eines Albums".

Rezeption
Jakob Biazza schrieb im Magazin Focus, es handle sich um ein "gigantisches" Album, das dem Rock "endlich den zeitgemäßen Habitus" bringe. Er vergab neun von zehn Sternen. Sven Kabelitz von Laut.de bezeichnete das Album als "das beste Pumpkins-Album seit Adore". Er lobte vor allem, dass statt "befehlserfüllender Arbeitskräfte" eine "funktionierende Band" zu hören sei. Die Redaktionswertung lag bei vier von fünf Sternen.

Titelliste
 Quasar
 Panopticon
 The Celestials
 Violet Rays
 My Love is Winter
 One Diamond, One Heart
 Pinwheels
 Oceania
 Pale Horse
 The Chimera
 Glissandra
 Inkless
 Wildflower

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
Oceania auf Rollingstone.com

Album (Alternative Rock)
The-Smashing-Pumpkins-Album
Album 2012

Oceania (Album)


Dungeon Keeper 2 es un videojuego de estrategia desarrollado por Bullfrog Productions y publicado por Electronic Arts para Microsoft Windows lanzado en Europa y América del Norte en junio de 1999. Fue la secuela de Dungeon Keeper y predecesor al cancelado Dungeon Keeper 3. Peter Molyneux no tenía un papel activo en la creación de Dungeon Keeper 2, aunque muchas de sus ideas siguieron en el juego. Al igual que su predecesor, los jugadores toman el papel de un guardián de mazmorra que se encarga de la construcción y la defensa de un calabozo subterráneo de los aspirantes a héroes que lo invaden, así como de otros cuidados. En el modo campaña del juego, el jugador se encarga de la recuperación de las joyas de cada área con el fin de abrir un portal a la superficie. En Dungeon Keeper 3 las gemas se iban a utilizar para invadir el mundo de la superficie y derrotar a la facción de los héroes buenos.

El cambio más inmediato de Dungeon Keeper es sus gráficos, el mundo está ahora completamente en 3D. Cuando los monstruos antes eran sprites ahora son modelos 3D. Algunas de las habitaciones, hechizos y monstruos se han cambiado, añadido o eliminado, al igual que la mecánica del juego. Por ejemplo, si una criatura se deja caer en medio de un combate cuerpo a cuerpo, es aturdido por la caída y vulnerable durante unos segundos antes de levantarse a luchar. Una característica importante del juego es el modo "Mi mazmorra de mascotas", un modo de juego al estilo sandbox donde los jugadores tienen una cantidad casi ilimitada de tiempo para construir un calabozo sin interrupciones, y los héroes que sólo invaden la mazmorra si el jugador opta por permitirlo.

Videojuegos para Windows
Videojuegos de Bullfrog Productions
Videojuegos de Electronic Arts
Videojuegos de estrategia en tiempo real
Videojuegos de 1999
Videojuegos multijugador en línea
Videojuegos de simulación de dios
Videojuegos de un solo jugador y de multijugador

de:Dungeon Keeper#Dungeon Keeper 2

Dungeon Keeper 2


Necip Soydan (1890, Yenişehir - 3 Şubat 1959), Türk siyasetçi.

İstanbul Mülkiye Mektebi mezunudur. Bursa İl Maiyet Müdürlüğü, Yenişehir İlçesi Özel Saymanlık Kâtipliği, Erdek, Edremit ve Ilıca Nahiye Müdürlükleri, Çarsancak (Akpazar) Harran ve Raka Kaymakamlıkları, TBMM I. Dönem Ertuğrul (Bilecik) Milletvekilliği yapmıştır. Evli ve iki çocuk babasıdır.

Kaynakça

1890 doğumlular
Bursa doğumlu siyasetçiler
1959 yılında ölenler
TBMM 1. dönem Bilecik milletvekilleri
Mekteb-i Mülkiye'de öğrenim görenler

Necip Soydan


Paul Louis Eugène Deschanel (; ) a fost un om de stat francez. Paul Deschanel a fost președintele Franței în perioada 18 februarie-21 septembrie 1920.

Referințe

Co-prinți de Andorrei

Nașteri în 1855
Nașteri pe 13 februarie
Decese în 1922
Decese pe 22 aprilie
Absolvenți ai Liceului Condorcet
Absolvenți ai Lycée Louis-le-Grand
Co-prinți de Andorra
Înmormântări în cimitirul Montparnasse
Membri ai Academiei Franceze
Președinți ai Franței

Paul Deschanel


جوفان أسيموفيتش ، من مواليد 21 يونيو 1948 ، لاعب كرة قدم يوغسلافي سابق.

لعب مع منتخب يوغسلافيا لكرة القدم.

مسيرته الكروية
لعب جوفان أسيموفيتش خلال مسيرته الاحترافية مع 3 أندية في أربعة عشر موسمًا وسجل خلالها 44 هدفًا ضمن 278 مباراة. حيث فاز في ثلاثة مواسم بالكأس وفي أربعة مواسم بالدوري.

خاض جوفان أسيموفيتش مسيرته مع نادي أو إف كيه بيوغراد في موسم 1964–65 لمدة موسم واحد، لم يشارك في أي مباراة ولم يسجل أي هدف. ثم انتقل إلى نادي النجم الأحمر بلغراد في موسم 1965–66 ليلعب معه أحد عشر موسمًا، حيث شارك في 237 مباراة سجل خلالها 43 هدفًا. لينتقل بعدها إلى  في موسم 1976–77 ولمدة موسمين، مشاركًا في 41 مباراة سجل خلالها هدفًا واحدًا.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون مغتربون
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا
رياضيون يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
طاقم النجم الأحمر بلغراد غير اللاعبين
لاعبو الدوري الألماني
لاعبو الدوري اليوغوسلافي الأول
لاعبو النجم الأحمر بلغراد
لاعبو أو إف كيه بيوغراد
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1968
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1976
لاعبو كأس العالم 1974
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب
لاعبو كرة قدم صرب مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا الغربية
لاعبو كرة قدم من بلغراد
لاعبو كرة قدم يوغوسلاف مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم يوغوسلافيون
لاعبو منتخب يوغوسلافيا لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي ساربروكن
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
مقالات مع مصادر باللغة الألمانية (de)
مواليد 1948
مواليد في بلغراد
يوغوسلافيون مغتربون في ألمانيا

جوفان أسيموفيتش


Rita Pinto Leite Olivaes (Portugal, 1 de julho de 1938) é uma cantautora e escritora portuguesa. Foi uma das raras mulheres que fizeram parte do movimento das baladas do final da década de 60, em Portugal. Compôs para vários artistas, entre eles: António Mourão, António Sala, Lara Li e Simone de Oliveira.

Biografia
Rita Pinto Leite Olivaes nasceu a 1 de julho de 1938. Era irmã de José Pedro Pinto Leite que, entre 1969 e 1970, liderou a  Ala Liberal na Assembleia Nacional.  Estudou na Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa onde foi aluna do poeta David Mourão-Ferreira.  Ao lado de Ana Maria Teodósio, foi das poucas mulheres a fazer parte do movimento dos baladeiros que surgiu em Portugal no final da década de 60, e do qual faziam parte nomes como Francisco Fanhais, José Jorge Letria, Manuel Alegre e Manuel Freire.

Paralelamente à sua carreira como cantautora, compôs para outros artistas, entre eles: António Pinto Basto, António Mourão, António Sala, Lara Li, Luz Sá da Bandeira e Teresa Silva Carvalho. Compôs canções para 5 edições do Festival RTP da Canção, onde dois temas seus alcançaram o quarto lugar.  O primeiro em 1972, com o tema Amor de Raiz cantado por João Braga;  e o segundo dois anos mais tarde, em 1974, onde o tema Bailia dos Trovadores foi cantado pelo Duo Ouro Negro.

Dedica-se também à escrita, sendo autora das biografias Eu, Simone, Me Confesso e Eu fui este caminho: Clementina Pinto Leite.

Discografia
Entre a sua discografia encontram-se os discos:

 1969 - Noite do renascer, editado pela discográfica A Voz do Dono e gravado na Valentim de Carvalho
 1968 - Oração de fim de dia, editado pela discográfica A Voz do Dono e gravado na Valentim de Carvalho

Referências

Ligações Externas
 Arquivo RTP | Rita Olivaes entrevista por David Mourão-Ferreira no programa Ensaios (1970)
 Do Tempo dos Sonhos | Tema João dos Jornais

Nascidos em 1938
Participantes no Festival RTP da Canção
Compositoras
Escritoras
Compositores de Portugal
Cantautores de Portugal
Portugueses do século XX

Rita Olivaes


RecA ist ein 38 Kilodalton großes Protein in Escherichia coli, welches in der Reparatur und Erhaltung von DNA eine Rolle spielt. Man hat in allen Spezies, in welchen danach gesucht wurde, ein Homolog zum E. coli RecA gefunden. Das homologe Protein des Menschen ist Rad51; im Allgemeinen findet sich bei Eukaryoten (komplex-zellulären Organismen) neben Rad51 auch DMC1 als homologes Protein, bei Archaeen das RadA und im Bakteriophagen T4 das UvsX .

RecA hat mehrere Aufgaben, alle in Zusammenhang mit der DNA-Reparatur. So hat es Co-Protease-Funktion in der autokatalytischen Spaltung des LexA-Repressors bei der SOS-Antwort der Prokaryoten. Bei der homologen Rekombination bindet das RecA fest und in langen Gruppen an Einzelstrang-DNA (single strand DNA = ssDNA) und formt damit ein Nukleoproteinfilament. Das RecA-Protein hat mehr als eine DNA-Bindungsstelle und kann so einen Einzelstrang sowie einen Doppelstrang zusammenhalten. Diese Fähigkeit ermöglicht die Katalyse einer Hydrolyse und der folgenden Ligation zwischen einer DNA-Doppelhelix und einer homologen Region der Einzelstrang-DNA, oder aber beim , der intrachromosomalen Rekombination bei Eukaryoten während des Überganges vom Pachytän zum Diplotän (zwei Unterphasen der Prophase I während der Meiose).

Das RecA-ssDNA-Filament sucht nach Homologien entlang der Doppelstrang-DNA. Dabei wird die Doppelstrang-DNA gestreckt und damit die Erkennung der Homologien verbessert. Dieser Prozess wird conformational proofreading genannt.
Die Reaktion begünstigt den Austausch von DNA-Strängen zwischen zwei rekombinierenden DNA-Doppelhelices. Nach der Reaktion in der sogenannten heteroduplex Region beginnt ein Prozess, welcher branch migration (zu deutsch 'Zweigübertragung') genannt wird.
Dabei ersetzt ein ungepaarter Bereich einer ssDNA einen gepaarten Bereich einer anderen ssDNA, wobei der Verzweigungspunkt verschoben wird unter Beibehaltung der Basenpaaranzahl.

Bei Laborstämmen von Escherichia coli werden für eine Transformation oftmals RecA-Mutanten verwendet, da dadurch eine Rekombination der Plasmide vermieden wird.

Einzelnachweise

Protein

RecA


In linguistics, verb-framing and satellite-framing are typological descriptions of a way that verb phrases in a language can describe the path of motion or the manner of motion, respectively.  Some languages make this distinction and others do not.

Manner and path
The manner of motion refers to a type of distinct motion described by a particular verb, such as running, tumbling, sliding, walking, crawling, etc. The path of motion refers to the direction of the movement, such as movement into, out of, across, etc.  The two concepts can be encoded in the verb as part of its root meaning, or encoded in a separate particle associated with the verb (a "satellite"). Manner or path may also not be expressed at all.

Languages are considered verb-framed or satellite-framed based on how the motion path is typically encoded. English verbs use particles to show the path of motion ("run into", "go out", "fall down"), and its verbs usually show manner of motion; thus, English is a satellite-framed language. English verbs that are exceptions are mostly derived from Latin, such as "exit", "ascend", or "enter".

All Germanic languages are satellite-framed languages. Accordingly, "to go out" is hinausgehen in German, uitgaan in Dutch and gå ut in Swedish, wherein gehen / gaan / gå are equivalents of "to go", and hinaus / uit / ut are equivalents of "out". In this manner, Germanic languages can form all kinds of compounds, even less manifest ones like (German) hinaustanzen "to dance out" and so on.

On the other hand, all Romance languages are verb-framed. Spanish, for example, makes heavy use of verbs of motion like entrar, salir, subir, bajar ("go in", "go out", "go up", "go down"), which directly encode motion path, and may leave out the manner of motion or express it in a complement of manner (typically a participle): entró corriendo "he ran in", literally "he entered running"; salió flotando "it floated out", literally "it exited floating".

The terms verb framing and satellite framing are not restricted to Romance and Germanic languages, respectively. Many languages can be assigned to one of the two systems. For example, verb framing is used in Turkish, Hebrew and Arabic. (In the last, dakhala rākiḍan means "he entered running", with the perfect form dakhala meaning "he entered" and the participle rākiḍan meaning "running".) Satellite framing is common in Greek. Some languages use both strategies. For example, Persian is chiefly verb-framed, but also has such compounds as dar-āmadan (, "to come in") from dar ("in") and āmadan ("to come").

Examples from English and French

Romance languages, such as French, are normally verb-framed, and Germanic languages, such as English, are satellite-framed. This means that when expressing motion events, English speakers typically express manner in the verb, and French speakers (like Italian, Portuguese and Spanish speakers) typically express path in the verb, and either leave out the manner of motion completely or express it in a complement of manner. Thus for example, "He ran into the room" is routinely translated as Il est entré dans la pièce; only sometimes will it be Il est entré dans la pièce en courant ("he entered the room running"). This means, first, that the verb itself normally does not express manner in French, as opposed to what is generally the case in English; and if manner is expressed, it is expressed in a complement (or, more precisely, an adjunct) of manner: en courant ("running").

The question, then, remains of whether to express manner or not. It is not always easy to know, but manner is generally left unexpressed when it can be considered to be self-evident and can be inferred from the context; expressing the manner then tends to sound unnatural. Thus, "He ran into the room" can be translated as Il est entré dans la pièce en courant because it is slightly unusual to run into a room and so manner should be mentioned, but translating "He walked into the room" as Il est entré dans la pièce à pied ("on foot") or en marchant ("walking") is distinctly odd because it calls unintended attention to the usual way in which one enters a room. It is akin to saying in English "he entered the room walking". Only in a case where walking would be considered unusual or notable – for example, when talking about a crippled person – can the fact that he "walked" into the room be considered to be relevant. Likewise, saying "I'm flying to London" when on a plane is normal in English, but saying Je vole ("I'm flying") in French for the same situation is odd: first, because the verb is not where one should normally express manner in the first place, and also because flying is a common way of travelling to London from France.

This means that the choice of complement and in particular the choice of the preposition can also be affected: in English, the particle or the prepositional phrase (the "satellite") is where the path is expressed, with the use of a dynamic preposition: "(walk) into (the room)", "(fly) to (London)", whereas in French, it is the verb that normally expresses the path. A preposition like à ("to, at, in") is ambiguous between a static reading (Je suis à Paris/"I'm in Paris") and a dynamic reading (Je vais à Paris/"I'm going to Paris"). If the verb is dynamic and expresses directed motion (motion with an intrinsic direction), à can express movement (Je vais à Paris). If not, as is the case for instance with voler ("to fly"), which expresses manner of motion but not directed motion, à tends to receive a static and not a dynamic, interpretation: je vole à Paris would mean something like "I'm flying IN Paris", and not "I'm flying TO Paris". Using the same structure in French as directly translated from English can be doubly misleading, as the verb and the preposition are both unusual; Je vais à ("I'm going to") or Je suis en route ("I am on my way") vers/pour Paris ("towards/for Paris") are much clearer in meaning.

Opposition and its limitations

Although languages can generally be classified as "verb-framed"/"satellite-framed", this is not a mutually-exclusive classification. Languages can use both strategies, as is the case in English with the Latinate verbs such as "enter", "ascend" and "exit". The existence of equipollently-framed languages in which both manner and path are expressed in verbs has been pointed out (Slobin 2004). It could be true of Chinese, for instance.

Many Amerindian languages, such as the extinct Atsugewi, do not select verbs of motion based on path or manner. Instead, verbs of motion are specific to the kind of object that is moving or being moved.

Notes

References
Croft, W. Croft Abstracts. Retrieved December 1, 2005 from the University of Manchester, Linguistics and English Language Web site: http://lings.ln.man.ac.uk/Info/staff/WAC/WACabst.html.
Slobin, D. (2004). The many ways to search for a frog: linguistic typology & the expression of motion events. In S. Strömqvist & L. Verhoeven eds. Relating Events in Narrative. Vol 2, 219-257. Mahwah, NJ: LEA.
Slobin D. (2005), Linguistic representations of motion events: What is signifier and what is signified?, in C. Maeder, O. Fischer, & W. Herlofsky (Eds.) (2005) Iconicity Inside Out: Iconicity in Language and Literature 4. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Talmy, L. (1991). Path to realization: A typology of event conflation. Berkeley Working Papers in Linguistics, 480-519.
Talmy, L. (2000). Toward a cognitive semantics. Volume 1: Concept structuring systems. Volume 2: Typology and process in concept structuring. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Vinay, J.-P., Darbelnet J., 1958 (2004), Stylistique comparée du français et de l'anglais, Paris, Didier.

Linguistic typology
Verbs
Semantics

Verb framing