The Territory of Oklahoma was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 2, 1890, until November 16, 1907, when it was joined with the Indian Territory under a new constitution and admitted to the Union as the state of Oklahoma.

The 1890 Oklahoma Organic Act organized the western half of Indian Territory and a strip of country known as No Man's Land into Oklahoma Territory. Reservations in the new territory were then opened to settlement in a series of land runs in 1890, 1891, and 1893.

Seven counties were defined upon the creation of the territory. They were originally designated by number and eventually became Logan, Cleveland, Oklahoma, Canadian, Kingfisher, Payne, and Beaver counties. The Land Run of 1893 led to the addition of Kay, Grant, Woods, Garfield, Noble, and Pawnee counties. The territory acquired an additional county through the resolution of a boundary dispute with Texas, which today is split into Greer, Jackson, Harmon, and part of Beckham counties.

History

Organization
Oklahoma Territory began with the Indian Intercourse Act of 1834 when the United States Congress set aside land for Native Americans. At the time, the land was unorganized territory that consisted of the federal land "west of the Mississippi and not within the states of Missouri and Louisiana, or the territory of Arkansas..." By 1856, the territory had been reduced to approximately the modern-day borders of the state of Oklahoma, except for the Oklahoma Panhandle and Old Greer County. These lands became known as Indian Territory, as they had been granted to certain Indian nations under the Indian Removal Act, in exchange for their historic territories east of the Mississippi River.

Until this point, Native Americans had exclusively used the land. In 1866, after the American Civil War, the federal government required new treaties with the tribes that had supported the Confederacy and forced them into land and other concessions. As a result of the Reconstruction Treaties, The Five Civilized Tribes were required to emancipate their slaves and offer them full citizenship in the tribes if they wanted to stay in the Nations. This forced many of the tribes in Indian Territory into making concessions.

U.S. officials forced the cession of some  of land in the center of the Indian Nation Territory. Elias C. Boudinot, a railroad lobbyist, wrote an article that was published in the Chicago Times on February 17, 1879, that popularized the term Unassigned Lands to refer to this tract. Soon the popular press began referring to the people agitating for its settlement as Boomers. To prevent settlement of the land by European-Americans, President Rutherford B. Hayes issued a proclamation forbidding unlawful entry into Indian Territory in April 1879.

David Payne and the Boomers
Despite federal obstruction, popular demands for the land did not end. Captain David L. Payne was one of the main supporters of the opening of Oklahoma to white settlement. Payne traveled to Kansas, where he founded the Boomer "Colonial Association". Payne's organization of 10,000 members hoped to establish a white colony in the Unassigned Lands. The formation of the group prompted President Hayes to issue a proclamation ordering Payne not to enter Indian Territory on February 12, 1880. In response, Payne and his group traveled to Camp Alice in the Unassigned Lands, east of Oklahoma City. There, they made plans for a city, which they named "Ewing".  The Fourth Cavalry arrested them and escorted them back to Kansas.  Payne was furious, as the Posse Comitatus Act prohibited the military from interfering in civil matters.  The federal government freed Payne and his party, effectively denying them access to the courts.

Anxious to prove his case in court, Payne and a larger group returned to Ewing in July. The Army again arrested the party and escorted them back to Kansas. Again they were freed, but this time the federal government charged Payne with trespassing under the Indian Intercourse Act; he went to trial in Ft. Smith, Arkansas. Judge Isaac Parker ruled against Payne and fined him the maximum amount of $1,000. Since Payne had no money and no property, the government could not collect the fine. The ruling settled nothing on the question of the public domain lands, and Payne continued his activities.

Payne tried a third time to enter the Unassigned Lands. In December, Payne and his group moved along the northern border of Indian Territory. They were followed by a unit of cavalry under the command of Colonel J.J. Copinger. Copinger warned Payne that if he crossed the border that they would be "forcibly resisted". As the number of Boomers grew as people joined Payne, they sent a messenger to President Hayes asking permission to enter Indian Territory. After weeks of no response, Payne led his followers to the Unassigned Lands. Once again, they were arrested and Payne was sent back to Fort Smith. He was found guilty and sentenced to pay a $1,000 fine. Upon his release, he returned to Kansas, where he spent the next four years trying to open Oklahoma.

During Payne's last venture, this time into the Cherokee Outlet in 1884, the Army again arrested him. They took him several hundred miles under severe physical circumstances over a tortuous route to Ft. Smith. The public was outraged about his treatment by the military, and the U.S. government decided to try his case. Payne was turned over to the United States district court at Topeka, Kansas. He was indicted for the crime of bringing whiskey into Indian Territory, a federal offense. In the fall term, Judge Cassius G. Foster quashed the indictments and ruled that settling on the Unassigned Lands was not a criminal offense. The Boomers celebrated, but the federal government refused to accept the decision.

Payne immediately planned another expedition, but he did not lead it. On November 28, 1884, in Wellington, Kansas, the morning after a late-night address to the Boomers, he collapsed and died.

William Couch and the opening

After Payne's death, his associate, William L. Couch, assumed the leadership role. Couch moved the Boomers into Indian Territory and founded Camp Stillwater on December 12, 1884. President Chester Arthur sent a small detachment of troops to escort Couch out of the territory. When the soldiers arrived, 200 armed men met them and refused to move. After 600 troops arrived as reinforcements, the officers gave the Boomers the choice of leaving within 48 hours or being apprehended. After the Boomers refused to leave, the commanders moved their troops across the Kansas border and cut off Couch's supply lines. Soon their food was gone, and Couch and the other Boomers were escorted back to Kansas.

In response to Couch's claims that the federal government was discriminating against them, on March 3, 1885, Congress approved the Indian Appropriations Act of 1885. This act authorized negotiations for the cession of unoccupied lands belonging to the Creek, the Seminole, and the Cherokee. Couch stopped being a colonist and became a lobbyist.

Couch spent four years in Washington, D.C., trying to convince Congress to open the Oklahoma lands. Many Indians from the Five Civilized Tribes lobbied against Couch's actions. In January 1889, Pleasant Porter led a group of Muscogee (Creek) who offered to sell their unoccupied lands. Within weeks, they sold their "Unassigned Lands" to the United States. These lands embraced less than  in the heart of Indian Territory.

On March 2, 1889, Congress passed an amendment to the Indian Appropriations Act of 1871, which provided for the creation of homestead settlements in the unassigned lands, to be known as Oklahoma Territory. President Benjamin Harrison announced that the Oklahoma lands would be opened on April 22 via land run.

Land Run and the Sooners
The Land Run of 1889, the first land run in the territory's history, opened Oklahoma Territory to settlement on April 22, 1889. Over 50,000 people entered the lands on the first day, among them thousands of freedmen and descendants of slaves. Couch and his Boomers, now numbering approximately 14,000, also entered the race. Those who entered Oklahoma before the official start of the race were called Sooners. The term referred to the "sooner clause" in the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889, which states that anyone who violated the official start would be denied a claim to the land.

When the run began at noon, men on thousands of horses, wagons, buggies, carts, and vehicles rushed across to Oklahoma. The law-abiders fought with the Sooners on several instances. A legal pioneer shot and wounded William Couch, a Sooner. He died on April 21, 1890, as a result of his wounds.

When the race was over, many disappointed pioneers were forced to leave the area without any claim. Of the 14,000 Boomers, only 1,000 had made claims. Tent cities grew overnight at Oklahoma City, Kingfisher, El Reno, Norman, Guthrie, and Stillwater, which were the first of the large settlements. Many lawsuits resulted because more than one person claimed a particular piece of land. Often this involved trying to determine which party was a legal claimant. A portion of the cases even went as far as the U.S. Supreme Court.

Early territorial period

By the end of the day on April 22, 1889, there were more than enough settlers in the Unassigned Lands to require creation of a territorial government. However, the brief legislation that provided for the opening of the land called for no form of government in Oklahoma. No local police or courts were established; federal military troops provided law enforcement, and the United States District Court for the Western District of Arkansas under federal judge Isaac Parker was the only form of criminal and civil jurisdictions. Despite that, the district was generally peaceful. Most land disputes were settled without bloodshed, although a few took years to resolve. For over a year the people of Oklahoma Territory were semi-autonomous.

On May 2, 1890, Congress passed the Oklahoma Organic Act, which organized the western half of Indian Territory into Oklahoma Territory. The eastern half remained under Indian rule, predominantly that of the Five Civilized Tribes, as Indian Territory. Congress included in Oklahoma Territory the strip of country known as No Man's Land, embracing , which became Beaver County. In September 1890, the  of the Sac and Fox, Iowa, and Pottawatomie reservations in the eastern part of Oklahoma Territory were opened to settlement. The following spring, the  of Cheyenne and Arapaho lands in the center of the territory were opened. On September 16, 1893, the Cherokee Outlet was opened to settlement, adding  of land. In 1895, the Kickapoo reservation of  was settled, and the year following Greer County, which had been considered a portion of Texas, was given to the territory by a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States. These developments, with the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache and Wichita reservations just opened, gave Oklahoma Territory a settled area of ,  of which was still included in Indian reservations.

Path to statehood
With the passage of the Organic Act of 1890, Oklahoma Territory existed from 1890 to 1907. During that time, seven governors and two acting governors administered the territory. During its 17-year existence, little of note occurred because of the growing idea of statehood, which had originated in Indian Territory. Most of the governors stayed in office for only a few months; institutions founded during this time were the University of Oklahoma, the Territorial Normal School (University of Central Oklahoma), and the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical School (Oklahoma State University).

Representatives of the Five Civilized Tribes met in 1902 to work on securing statehood for Indian Territory and held a convention in Eufaula. The representatives met again in 1903 to organize a constitutional convention. The Sequoyah Constitutional Convention met in Muskogee on August 21, 1905. General Pleasant Porter, Principal Chief of the Creek Nation, was elected as president of the convention. The elected delegates decided that the executive officers of the Five Civilized Tribes would be appointed as vice-presidents: William C. Rogers, Principal Chief of the Cherokees; William H. Murray, appointed by Chickasaw Governor Douglas H. Johnston to represent the Chickasaw; Chief Green McCurtain of the Choctaw; Chief John Brown of the Seminole; and Charles N. Haskell, appointed by Porter to represent the Creek.

The convention drafted a constitution, drew up a plan of organization for the government, put together a map showing the counties to be established, and elected delegates to go to the United States Congress to petition for statehood. The convention's proposals were presented in a referendum in Indian Territory, in which they were overwhelmingly endorsed. The delegation received a cool reception in Washington. Eastern politicians, fearing the admission of two more Western states, put pressure on President Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt recommended that the Indian and Oklahoma Territories be granted joint statehood, which led to Congress passing the Oklahoma Enabling Act to allow this upon writing and ratifying a constitution.

The hard work of the Sequoyah State Constitutional Convention was not entirely lost. When representatives from Indian Territory joined the Oklahoma State Constitutional Convention in Guthrie the next year, they brought their constitutional experience with them. The Sequoyah Constitution served in large part as the basis for the constitution of the State of Oklahoma, which came into being with the merger of the two territories in 1907.

Territorial Governor Frank Frantz oversaw the transition from territory to state. He was selected as the Republican nominee to serve as the state's first governor. He faced the Democratic Charles N. Haskell in the election on September 17, 1907. In the same election, the Oklahoma Constitution was proposed. The constitution was passed and Haskell was elected governor. Once the people of Oklahoma adopted the United States Constitution on November 16, 1907, Oklahoma and Indian Territories officially dissolved, and the State of Oklahoma was admitted to the Union as the 46th state.

Government
With the passage of the Oklahoma organic act in 1890, the territorial government came into existence. The territorial government had no constitution, except for sections of the organic act creating it, which served as a semi-governing document. The organic act provided for a complete organization of the territory, defined the functions of the territorial government, placed limitations upon the acts of the legislative assembly, as well as that of the territorial officers. It also designated the town of Guthrie as the territorial capital.

Congress provided for the creation of a legislative branch elected by the people, but the executive and judicial branches of the territories were selected and appointed by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate. The appointees included a governor, a secretary, three federal judges and a marshal. President Benjamin Harrison appointed George Washington Steele, a Republican from Indiana, as the first territorial governor.

Legislative branch

The organic act called for the establishment of a bicameral Territorial Legislative Assembly composed of a Territorial Council, the upper house of the assembly, and Territorial House of Representatives, the lower house of the assembly. The assembly could only create laws consistent with the Constitution of the United States and the organic act but did not require the consent of Congress to take effect. They had the same force of law, as did a law passed by a regular state government. Laws enacted by the assembly could be suspended by the President of the United States or revoked, in part or in their entirety, by an act of Congress.

When Steele took office, he issued an executive order on July 8, 1890, calling for the first elections to the assembly. The election was set for August 5, 1890. The assembly was to have convened August 12, but owing to the death of two members-elect, a special election was called, and the convening of the legislature was postponed until August 27, 1890.

The territorial assembly met for 120-day sessions in Guthrie. The first legislative session was narrowly divided between Republican and Democratic Party members, with Republicans having a slight edge in representatives. However, the Democrats allied with delegates from the People's Party (Populists) and thereby controlled both houses. Populist delegates were elected as presiding officers in both. The legislators spent most of the session arguing about the locations of the capital, the state university, state teachers' college, and the agricultural school. Only near the end of the session did they begin to address other issues necessary to create and maintain the territory. Steele became so disgusted by the political stalemate that he resigned his position and returned to Indiana. The Oklahoma Territorial Legislature met for the last time in 1905.

Executive branch
The territorial governor was vested with the executive power of the territory, was responsible for ensuring that its laws were faithfully executed, and served as the symbol of the federal government in the territory. The governor was the ex officio commander-in-chief of the territorial militia and the federal troops in the territory as well as ex officio Superintendent of Indian Affairs. The governor possessed the power to grant pardons for offenses against the laws of the territory. He could grant reprieves for offenses against the laws of the United States until the president made his decision on the matter. It was also the duty of the governor to outline the boundaries of the counties, name the county seats, and to appoint territorial and county officers with the consent of the territorial council.

Laws passed by the territorial assembly had to be presented to the governor for his approval. If he did not approve, he would veto if and return it to the assembly for reconsideration. The governor's veto could only be overridden by a two-thirds vote of the territorial assembly. The governor also had the right to convene the assembly into special session.

The territorial secretary served as the chief assistant to the governor, and in the event of a vacancy of the governorship the secretary would serve as the acting governor until the president appointed a new one. The secretary was responsible for recording and preserving the laws and proceedings of the assembly and the acts and proceedings of the governor. Copy of the same would semi-annually be submitted to the president, the President of the United States Senate, and the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives for their review.

A territorial attorney was responsible for giving legal advice to the governor and assembly, served as the chief law enforcement official of the territory, and represented Oklahoma Territory and the United States in court cases. The territorial marshal was responsible for protecting the court system and for executing processes issued from the territorial courts.

List of governors

Judicial branch
The territory's judiciary consisted of a territorial supreme court made up of three justices, a chief justice and two associate justices. Additional associate justices were added later as more counties were created in the territory. The judiciary was given a wide jurisdiction. It functioned as a United States Federal Court, but its jurisdiction extended to a trial of cases, both civil and criminal, arising under the code enacted by the territorial assembly. The court could sit half of the day as a federal court and the other half as territorial court. It would also serve as a supreme court and hear cases that had been appealed from territory's lower courts.

President Benjamin Harrison appointed Edward B. Green of Illinois as the first chief justice and John G. Clark of Wisconsin and Abraham J. Seay of Missouri as the first associate justices.

Oklahoma Territory was divided into seven Judicial Districts in 1902, as follows:
First – Logan, Lincoln and Payne Counties
Second – Canadian, Kingfisher, Cleveland, Washita and Custer Counties
Third – Oklahoma and Pottawatomie Counties
Fourth – Noble, Kay and Pawnee Counties
Fifth – Garfield, Grant, Blaine and Roger Mills Counties
Sixth – Woods, Woodward, Beaver, Day and Dewey Counties
Seventh – Caddo, Comanche, Kiowa and Greer Counties

Charles Brown of Kansas was named the first Attorney General and Horace Speed of Guthrie (formerly of Indiana) was appointed the first United States attorney in Oklahoma.

Federal representation
The territory was entitled to elect one delegate to the United States House of Representatives to serve a two-year term. While unable to vote in the full House, the delegate was allowed to vote in a House committee of which the delegate was a member. The first territorial representative was David A. Harvey.

Four men represented Oklahoma Territory as non-voting delegates in the United States House of Representatives:

Lands within the territory
 Unassigned Lands – April 22, 1889 – opened by land run.
 No Man's Land – May 2, 1890, assigned to Oklahoma Territory by Organic Act.
 Iowa reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
 Sac and Fox reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
 Tonkawa reserve – 1891 – allotment.
 Citizen Potawatomi and Absentee Shawnee reserve – September 22, 1891 – opened by land run.
 Cheyenne Arapaho reserve – April 19, 1892 – opened by land run.
 Cherokee Outlet – September 17, 1893 – opened by land run.
 Kickapoo reserve – May 4, 1896 – opened by land run.
 Greer County – March 16, 1896 – officially assigned to Oklahoma Territory (Supreme Court decision May 23, 1895, separated the county from Texas).
 Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache reserve – July 10 through August 6, 1901 – lottery.
 Wichita and Caddo reserve – July 10 through August 6, 1901 – lottery.
 Ponca and Otoe–Misouria reserve – 1904 – allotment.
 Kaw reserve – 1906 – allotment.
 Osage reserve – 1906 – allotment.
 Big Pasture – December 1906 – sealed bid.

Counties

Original counties
When Oklahoma Territory was created in 1890, seven counties were defined and designated numerically. Thereafter, when additional lands were opened to settlement, new counties were designated by the letters of the alphabet. Later, by vote of the people, these were given permanent county names. The first seven numbered counties later were named as follows: Logan, Cleveland, Oklahoma, Canadian, Kingfisher, Payne and Beaver.

The Secretary of the Interior defined the boundaries and assigned the names of the three counties to be defined and their names assigned by executive proclamation when the Kiowa-Comanche and Wichita-Caddo Reservations were opened to settlement in 1901.

Greer County
Greer County, created by the Texas legislature on February 8, 1860, and named for John Alexander Greer, a Texas lieutenant governor, was land claimed by both Texas and the United States. The dispute arose from a map submitted with the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819. The treaty stated that the boundary between the French claims on the north and the Spanish claims on the south of the United States was the Rio Roxo de Natchitoches (Red River) until it reached the 100th meridian west, as noted on John Melish's map published in 1818. However, the upper reaches of the Red River were not surveyed, as required by the fourth article of the treaty, until 1852. The problem was that the 100th meridian on the Melish map was approximately  east of the true 100th meridian and the Red River forked about  east of the 100th meridian. Another survey team discovered the mapping error in 1857 and showed that the southern fork was the Red River should be the correct boundary described by the Adams–Onís Treaty. Texas rejected that assertion and claimed the land south of the North Fork. The United States claimed the land north of the South Fork (previously named the Prairie Dog Town River).

Texas continued to claim sovereignty over Greer County during and after the Civil War. It opened the land to veterans of the Texas Revolution and Confederate Army veterans and leased land to ranchers. In 1884, President Chester A. Arthur took a more active role in looking for a resolution of the dispute. However, the attempt failed to resolve anything. Meanwhile, area residents officially organized Greer County as a Texas entity in 1886, designating Mangum as the county seat. In 1890, Congress passed the Oklahoma Organic Act, which required the United States attorney general to resolve the boundary issue by filing suit against Texas.

The dispute went directly before the Supreme Court, since no lower court had jurisdiction. The court's opinion, in United States v. State of Texas , issued on March 16, 1892, held that the land of approximately 1.5 million acres (6070 km2/2345 mi2) belonged to the United States. Following that ruling, on May 4, 1896, the land was officially assigned by Congress to Oklahoma Territory. The Greer County Homestead Law, passed just afterwards, gave the Texas settlers the 160 acres (647,000 m2) they were living on and the option to purchase an additional 160 acres (647,000 m2) for $1.00 per acre ($247/km2).

When Oklahoma became the 46th U.S. state on November 16, 1907, old "Greer County" was divided into Greer, Jackson, and part of Beckham counties. Mangum remained the county seat of the redefined Greer County. Harmon County was created May 22, 1909, by a vote of the people from a portion of Greer County, Oklahoma. Mangum remained the county seat of the redefined Greer County.

In the 1900 United States census, 23 counties in the Oklahoma Territory and 6 Indian reservations reported the following population counts (after only 8 counties and 13 Indian reservations reported the following counts in the 1890 United States census):

See also
Compromise of 1850
Historic regions of the United States
History of Oklahoma
Territorial evolution of the United States
State of Sequoyah (proposed)

References

External links

 Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory

States and territories established in 1890
Indian Territory
Pre-statehood history of Oklahoma
Native American history of Oklahoma
1890 establishments in Oklahoma Territory
1890 establishments in the United States
1907 disestablishments in the United States
Former organized territories of the United States

Oklahoma Territory


Der SV Fortuna Regensburg ist ein Sportverein aus Regensburg. Seine Sparten, insbesondere Badminton und Schach, erzielten in der Vergangenheit zahlreiche nationale Erfolge.

Geschichte
Der Verein wurde 1960 gegründet. 1961 wurde mit der Schachabteilung eine später äußerst erfolgreich werdende Sparte in den Verein integriert. Noch erfolgreicher war aus dem Verein lediglich die Badmintonabteilung. 1972 erfolgte die Gründung der Volleyballabteilung beim SV Fortuna. 2012 entstand die Abteilung der Green Berets Cheerleader. Derzeit bietet der Verein die Sportarten Badminton, Cheerleading, Fußball, Kampfsport (Aikido, Judo, Karate, Sambo, Taekwondo), Schach, Schwimmen, Tennis, Turnen und Volleyball an.

Badminton

Erfolge

Fußball
Die Fußballabteilung des Vereins stellt eine feste Größe im Amateurfußball dar. Die erste Herrenmannschaft trägt ihre Heimspiele in der Projekt 29 Arena aus und spielt seit vielen Jahren durchgehend in der sechstklassigen Landesliga. Nach dem Abstieg 2009 in die Bezirksliga Oberpfalz kehrte der Verein unmittelbar zurück. In der Saison 2011/12 erzielte man den Aufstieg in die neue Landesliga Bayern Mitte und belegte dort 2012/13 den 13. Platz. Unter dem neuen Trainer Helmut Zeiml konnte sich der SV Fortuna seither in der Landesliga Mitte behaupten. Im Mai 2022 scheiterte die Mannschaft erst in der Relegation am erstmaligen Aufstieg in die Bayernliga. Dieser gelang in der 2022/23 als Meister der Landesliga Mitte schließlich.

Schach
Die 1. Herrenmannschaft spielte mehrere Jahre in der höchsten deutschen Spielklasse, der Schachbundesliga, ebenso die Frauenmannschaft. Zu bekannten Spielern der Regensburger gehörten Milka Ankerst, Štefan Gross, Ingrid Lauterbach, Peter Meister, Eduard Meduna und Anita Stangl.

1. Bundesliga Süd

1. Bundesliga

1. Bundesliga (Frauen)

Cheerleading
Am 1. Mai 2012 wurden die Green Berets Cheerleader als Abteilung des SV Fortuna gegründet. Unter dem Motto: Kann ich nicht! Gibt es nicht!!! wird als primäres Ziel die Teilnahme an den jährlich stattfindenden Cheerleader-Meisterschaften angestrebt. Weitere Auftritte finden zu Benefiz-, Firmen- und Privatveranstaltungen statt.

Altersklassen

Erfolge

Little Green Berets

Fancy Green Berets

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website
 Website der Badmintonabteilung
 Website der Green Berets Cheerleader

Einzelnachweise

Fortuna
Schachverein (Deutschland)
Verein im Bayerischen Fußball-Verband
Badmintonverein aus Bayern
Volleyballverein aus Bayern
SV Fortuna Regensburg
Cheerleading

SV Fortuna Regensburg


El L Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilia se celebró en Montreal (Canadá) del 18 al 27 de julio de 1976 bajo la organización de la Federación Internacional de Halterofilia (IWF) y la Federación Canadiense de Halterofilia. Ese año las competiciones de halterofilia en los XXI Juegos Olímpicos sirvieron también como Campeonato Mundial.

Las competiciones se realizaron en la Arena St. Michel de la ciudad canadiense.

Medallistas

Medallero

Enlaces externos
Base de datos iat.uni-leipzig.de .

1976
Halterofilia en 1976

Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilia de 1976


Svijet

Događaji

Osnivanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Događaji

 Zakon Kaštela Mošćenic

Osnivanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Pravo u 1470.


Josyane Savigneau () este o scriitoare și jurnalistă franceză, care a coordonat secțiunea cultural-literară a cotidianului Le Monde.

Biografie

Jurnalistă
Josyane Savigneau a fost angajată la ziarul Le Monde în 1977. Ea a lucrat inițial pe postul de cronicar juridic și a devenit apoi critic literar al suplimentului Monde des livres în 1983.

Ulterior a îndeplinit funcția de redactor responsabil al Monde des livres, supliment săptămânal al ziarului Le Monde, din 1991 până în 2005, lucrând în paralel ca redactor-șef al secției de cultură (1995-2002), cronicar literar (2005-2012) și redactor responsabil al Mensuel du Monde (2012-2014).

Scriitoare
Josyane Savigneau este autoarea mai multor cărți, printre care biografiile scriitoarelor Marguerite Yourcenar și Carson McCullers și o carte autobiografică, Point de côté, în care își evocă viața și traseul profesional, precum și ceea ce ea numește "punerea sub acuzare a conducerii Monde des livres".

Membru al juriului premiului Femina
La 17 ianuarie 2014 a fost aleasă membru al juriului care decernează premiul Femina, înlocuind-o pe Viviane Forrester, care a murit pe 30 aprilie 2013.

Critici
În cartea de investigații La Face cachée du Monde, Pierre Péan și Philippe Cohen denunță sistemul "renvoi d'ascenseurs" practicat în paginile suplimentului literar Monde des livres, condus de Josyane Savigneau ca redactor-șef. Acest sistem ar fi susținut și lăudat sistematic operele literare ale unui cerc restrâns de autori francezi.

Printre alții, Jean-Edern Hallier, Pierre Jourde, Jacques Bouveresse sau ziarul satiric Pour lire pas lu l-au atacat, din motive similare, pe redactorul-șef al suplimentului Monde des Livres. Referindu-se la aceste acuzații, Josyane Savineau a recunoscut doar că "am vorbit prea mult de Fayard"..

Le Monde a intentat un proces de calomnie în 1993 împotriva lui Jean-Edern Hallier, pe care el l-a câștigat.

Cărți
 Marguerite Yourcenar, l'Invention d'une vie, Gallimard/Folio, 1993,
 Carson McCullers, Un cœur de jeune fille, Stock, 1995,
 Juliette Gréco : Hommage photographique, Actes Sud, 1998,
 Point de côté, Stock, 2008,
 Benoîte Groult, Une femme parmi les siennes, Textuel, 2010,
 Avec Philip Roth, hors série Connaissance, Gallimard, 2014

Premii și distincții
 Premiul Lambda Literary 1993 în categoria Lesbian Biography/Autobiography pentru Marguerite Yourcenar
 Premiul Femina Vacaresco 1991 pentru Marguerite Yourcenar, l'invention d'une vie (Gallimard)

Note

Nașteri în 1951
Biografi francezi
Scriitoare franceze

Josyane Savigneau


An Apocopis cochinchinensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Aimée Antoinette Camus. An Apocopis cochinchinensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Apocopis, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Vietnam. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Apocopis

Apocopis cochinchinensis


يوحنا الثامن باليولوج (18 ديسمبر 1392 - 31 أكتوبر 1448) كان إمبراطوراً بيزنطياً حكم من 1425 حتى وفاته سنة 1448.

حياته
ولد يوحنا الثامن بالقسطنطينية في 16 ديسمبر سنة 1392 وهو الابن الأكبر للإمبراطور مانويل الثاني من زوجته الصربية هيلينا دراجس,وقد عهد إليه والده بولاية العهد سنة 1416, وبعد وفاة والده سنة 1425 أصبح يوحنا إمبراطور القسطنطينية.
في سنة 1422 -أثناء ولايته للعهد- أضطلع بمهام الدفاع عن القسطنطينية أثناء حصار السلطان مراد الثاني لها.
كما اضطر إلي قبول تنازل أخيه أندرونيكوس لسالونيك للبندقية مقابل مساعدتهم العسكرية ضد العثمانيين.
وقد سافر الإمبراطور إلى روما لزيارة البابا يوجين الرابع وأكد على قبوله بمبدأ وحدة الكنيسة الأرثوذكسية والكنيسة الكاثوليكية,وقد تمت المصادقة على هذه الوحدة في مجمع فلورنسا سنة 1439 والذي حضره يوحنا و 700 من أتباعه من بينهم بطريرك القسطنطينية جوزيف الثاني، وقد فشلت الوحدة نتيجة معارضة شعب القسطنطينية لها وتمسكهم بكنيستهم الأرثوذكسية.
وقد قام يوحنا الثامن بتعيين أخيه قسطنطين الحادي عشر وليا للعهد، وكان قسطنطين قد حكم الإمبراطورية كوصي على العرش ما بين سنة 1437-1439 م أثناء زيارة أخيه للغرب. وقد واجه هذه التعيين معارضة من أخيه الأصغر ديميتريوس باليولوج إلا ان والدتهم هيلينا دراجس استطاعت أن تنقذ الموقف وتم تأمين العرش لقسطنطين بسلام.

زيجاته

تزوج يوحنا الثامن 3 مرات، المرة الأولى كانت من آنا الموسكية ابنة باسيل الأول أمير موسكو، وماتت سنة 1417 نتيجة إصابتها بوباء الطاعون واستمر زواجهما 3 سنوات، ولم ينجبا.
المرة الثانية تزوج من صوفيا دي مونتفيريت وقد رتب والده مانويل الثاني لهذه الزيجة، ولم يكن يوحنا سعيدا بزواجه منها فطلقها بعد مرور سنة من توليه العرش سنة 1426 حيث ماتت صوفيا بعد 80 يوما.
المرة الثالثة تزوج من ماريا ابنة ألكسيوس الرابع إمبراطور طرابزون,وماتت بالطاعون في شتاء سنة 1439 م.
ولم ينجب يوحنا الثامن من زيجاته الثلاث.

التصوير في الفن
تم تصوير جون الثامن باليولوجوس من قبل العديد من الرسامين بمناسبة زيارته لإيطاليا، ولعل أشهر صوره هي تلك التي رسمها بينوزو جوزولي على جدار ماجى تشابل في البلازو ميديكى ريكاردو ميديشي-ريكاردي بالاس في فلورنسا. ووفقاً لبعض النظريات، ربما تم تصوير يوحنا الثامن في بييرو ديلا فرانشيسكا بييرو ديلا فرانشيسكا. وتظهر صورة يوحنا في مخطوطة بدير سانت كاترين في شبه جزيرة سيناء.

معرض الصور

مراجع

لمزيد من القراءة
 Harris, Jonathan, The End of Byzantium. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2010. ISBN 978-0-300-11786-8
 Kolditz, Sebastian, Johannes VIII. Palaiologos und das Konzil von Ferrara-Florenz (1438/39). 2 Vol., Stuttgart: Anton Hiersemann Verlag 2013-2014, ISBN 978-3-7772-1319-4.
 Lazaris, Stavros, "L'empereur Jean VIII Paléologue vu par Pisanello lors du concile de Ferrare – Florence", Byzantinische Forschungen, 29, 2007, p. 293-324 [1]

أباطرة بيزنطيون
أباطرة بيزنطيون في القرن 15
بيزنطيون في حروب عثمانية بيزنطية
سلالة بالايولوغوس الحاكمة
كاثوليك شرقيون يونانيون
مواليد 1392
مواليد في القسطنطينية
وفيات 1448
وفيات في القسطنطينية

يوحنا الثامن باليولوج


O Ginásio de Esportes Geraldo Magalhães, ou "Ginásio Geraldão" é um ginásio multiuso localizado no bairro Imbiribeira , na Zona Sul de Recife, no Pernambuco, Brasil.

O ginásio foi inaugurado no ano de 1970  com shows musicais, abrindo as atrações, esteve o cantor Wilson Simonal, e no dia seguinte com Elis Regina e no terceiro dia se apresentaram Os Incríveis, estes com a marchinha cívico pop "Eu Te Amo Meu Brasil", de Dom & Ravel.

Em março de 1971, o cantor Roberto Carlos, em sua fase soul, se apresentou no Geraldão e foi a primeira lotação esgotada, e entre os expectadores estavam time do Santos Futebol Clube, entre os craques o rei Pelé.Outro show badalado foi o de Chico Buarque, uma iniciativa da primeira-dama do estado, Olga Gueiros, ele cantou uma música polêmica, o samba Apesar de Você, dias depois censurada e discos recolhidos em todo território nacional, ambos os shows sem incidentes. Outros artistas de renome foi Caetano Veloso, em 22 de janeiro de 1972, apresentou o show do disco Transa, cantou  "Asa Branca de Luiz Gonzaga e Humberto Teixeira para uma plateia de 15 mil pessoas; e também esteve Gilberto Gil, recém-chegado do exílio em Londres.

Em 1973, se apresentou o grupo Secos & Molhados, composto por Ney Matogrosso, Gérson Conrad e João Ricardo, um show superlotado e que foi mencionado no livro Primavera nos Dentes, do jornalista Miguel de Almeida, quando mencionou quem também realizou concertos no ginásio naquela época: Johnny Mathis, Os Doces Bárbaros, Astor Piazzola e Quinteto Violado-batendo o recorde de menor público-também, Gal Costa, Rick Wakeman, Gilberto Gil e Jimmy Cliff , Gilberto Gil e Rita Lee, no show Refestança, o americano Faith No More.

O Geraldão integra uma lista de parte de um acervo de equipamentos esportivos projetados pelo arquiteto Ícaro de Castro Melo, que inclui também os ginásios Nilson Nelson, em Brasília; Paulo Sarasate, em Fortaleza; e do Ibirapuera, em São Paulo. Ocorreram eventos históricos como o jogo da Seleção Brasileira de Voleibol, nos anos 80, uma etapa da extinta Liga Mundial de Voleibol e exibições do Holiday on Ice e dos Globetrotters, além de inúmeros shows de artistas nacionais e internacionais, A-Ha e Julio Iglesias.

Em 2022, as instalações abrigaram o basquetebol, a Copa América de Basquete Masculino e a final da Supercopa Brasileira de Voleibol.

Estrutura

Após seis anos da assinatura do edital de licitação para a reforma de modernização do Ginásio de Esportes Geraldo Magalhães. O trabalho, de fato, começou em agosto de 2013 e tinha previsão de conclusão para o final de 2015, mas entregue apenas em 2020.

Possui mais de 20 mil m² de área construída, sistema de som com 42 caixas e mesa digital de 32 canais, três auditórios, salas para dança, artes marciais e palestras, duas piscinas, 3 quadras fora do ginásio e ampla área externa, com estacionamento de 8 mil m². Comportando cerca de 10 mil pessoas e ganhou 8 camarotes, 12 bares, tribuna de honra e tribuna de imprensa.

As três quadras poliesportivas externas também passaram por reforma e ganharam um espaço para esportes de areia. Concluída há cerca de três anos, a requalificação do parque aquático equipou o complexo com uma nova piscina semiolímpica de 25 x 12 metros, além da recuperação total de uma outra, já existente, de 15 x 6 metros. Ambas já vinham sendo usadas pela população para atividades de natação e hidroginástica.

Ligações externas

Geraldão
Esporte do Recife
Construções do Recife

Ginásio de Esportes Geraldo Magalhães


Ambrus Izabella-Agnes (n. ) este o fostă deputată în legislatura 2016-2020 aleasă din partea UDMR.

Vezi și
 Legislatura 2016-2020 (Camera Deputaților)
 Parlamentul României

Legături externe
 Activitatea parlamentară

Politicieni români în viață
Deputați români 2016-2020
Membri ai Uniunii Democrate Maghiare din România

Izabella-Agnes Ambrus


O airflare é um movimento acrobático do break dance e da ginástica artística, uma variação do flare e do airtrack no qual o dançarino (ginasta ou o braker: b-boy ou b-gilr) de cabeça para baixo gira o tronco em torno do eixo vertical de seu corpo e viaja em um caminho circular sobre o chão. Onde os pés não tocam o chão durante a execução do movimento, com uso de ambas as mãos. Surgiu do movimento airtrack, no qual apenas se gira em um eixo vertical, sem um caminho circular.

O termo airflare foi cunhado por membros da equipe de dança Soul Control (Barmak, Babak, Inferno e, Kujo) para distinguir do movimento airtrack. A adição da rotação circular tornou o movimento muito mais fácil de ser executar - há  poucos casos documentados de continuous airtracks, no entanto, o primeiro caso documentado deste movimento é de Kujo of Soul Control. Os termos europeus airtwist, airtwister são anteriores à palavra airflare. Ambos se referem ao mesmo movimento técnico; no entanto, a forma moderna do movimento é mais conhecida mundialmente como airflare.

História
O airflare foi presenciado no início da década de 1980. Na década de 1990, um dançarino chamado Paulo Nunes na Europa havia criado a variação que é essencialmente semelhante ao airflare moderno, conhecido como airtwist. Na década de 1990, um vídeo osbre Paulo Nunes foi veiculado por EZ-Rock da Rocksteady, que introduziu a manobra nos Estados Unidos da época, em particular, aos b-boys da Califórnia.
 Jazzy J, dos Renegades, realizou um salto em que ambas as mãos deixaram o chão.
 Pilot of Soul Swift executou o airhalo uma variação do halo mas sem a cabeça tocar o chão.
 Kujo of Soul Control realizou um airtrack completo, jogando seu corpo em um caminho circular.
 B-Boy Ivan of Style Elements executou o airflare em combinação com muitos movimentos. Popularizando a mudança para as primeiras gerações.
 Babak of Soul Control executou e foi pioneiro no electro (em 1996), um antecessor dos airflares de cotovelo, que ele também realizou.
 Iron Monkey of Abstract Flavors (sua equipe na época, então conhecida como Sean Supreme) realizou um airflare durante uma batalha contra o Soul Control.
 Megaman of Soul Control respondeu ao Iron Monkey na batalha mencionada com outro airflare. Este também introduziu muitos novos combos).
 Inferno of Soul Control realizava explosões de cotovelo e podia combiná-las com outros movimentos, incluindo moinhos de vento e sinalizadores .
 Flex of Abstract Flavors poderia executar o airflare.
 Charles do Climax/Soul Control executou o airflare em diversas competições, popularizando o estudo desta manobra.
 Ibrahim Dembele of legendary French, 'The Family', inventou uma variação avançada do Airflare; Explosão aérea 1.5. No início de 1998, ele já havia aperfeiçoado esse movimento. Imagens notáveis existem on-line, como uma performance de cifra carregada no canal do Youtube da Família, bem como durante a famosa batalha entre a Família e Rock Force na Batalha do Ano de 1998.
 Legendary Houston, Nightcrawler é frequentemente creditado por avançar ainda mais no Airflare 1.5. Suas filmagens de 'Out for Fame' em 1999 foram chocantes na Europa e Coréia, onde muitos encontraram influência nas combinações e movimento dinâmico deste.
 Continuous Airflare

Primeiro registro
Pablo Flores of Climax / Soul Control realizou com sucesso airflares contínuos, completando o movimento. É esta forma moderna do airflare que o ginasta Morgan Hamm introduziu na ginástica artística, após aprender com a comunidade b-boy. Houve um petição para pressionar o Comitê Olímpico dos Estados Unidos a reconhecer Pablo Flores como a primeira pessoa a realizar vários airflares de forma contínua.

Características
No airflare, o dançarino plantando bananeira gira/torce o tronco em torno do eixo vertical de seu corpo, enquanto simultaneamente realiza um caminho circular ao longo de um plano paralelo ao chão, semelhante ao movimento do brinquedo pião, onde os pés não tocam o chão e, estando com as pernas abertas no formato de V durante a execução do movimento, com uso de ambas as mãos durante o movimento circular.

Diferenças airflares e airtracks
Airflares e airtracks são muitas vezes confundidos vejamos os exemplos: vídeo de airtrack para moinho de vento (não é airflare); vídeo de airflare para um moinho de vento (não é airtrack)

O primeiro é observado pouca rotação paralelo ao chão; ocorrendo rotação estritamente em torno do eixo do corpo. Quando esses movimentos foram desenvolvidos, o airtrack era mais fácil de conceber, porém muito mais difícil de faze-lo continuamente. O airflare é um movimento mais técnico, tornando mais fácil faze-los continuamente. Hoje existem muitas variedades de airflare, incluindo uma variação contínua com uma mão. Ainda não há caso documentado de mais de três airtracks seguidos – onde  falta um flare para balançar durante a perfuração no ar ao redor do corpo.

Popularização
Embora todos os casos documentados mencionados  ajudem a popularizar o movimento, especialmente B-Boy Ivan, há em particular uma batalha entre o Soul Control e uma equipe temporária conhecida como Flying Tortillas que catalisou a visibilidade e tornou o movimento mainstream. Em seguida outros b-boys popularizariam a mudança nos próximos anos, notadamente Moy e Boy of Havikoro (Texas), e Benny e Tuff-Kid of Basel City (da Suíça).

Referências

Hip hop

Airflare (acrobacia)


Erika Hagelberg é uma geneticista evolutiva britânica e professora de biociências na Universidade de Oslo . Ela trabalha com DNA antigo e foi pioneira em um meio de extrair DNA de ossos. Sua pesquisa tem aplicações em biologia evolutiva e ciência forense.

Educação e início de carreira
Aos 13 anos, o pai de Hagelberg escapou da Alemanha nazista para o Reino Unido no Kindertransport, em 1939. Hagelberg estudou bioquímica na Universidade de Londres e obteve seu diploma de bacharel em 1977. Ela se mudou para a Universidade de Cambridge para fazer doutorado, e obteve seu PhD em 1983. Tradicionalmente, o DNA só podia ser encontrado em tecidos moles, mas Hagelberg desenvolveu técnicas para recuperar pequenas quantidades de DNA de ossos. Uma vez que o DNA foi extraído, é possível usar a reação em cadeia da polimerase para determinar a sequência de nucleotídeos .

Pesquisa
Hagelberg trabalha na análise de DNA antigo de ossos arqueológicos . Ela ingressou na Universidade de Oxford em 1987, onde trabalhou no Hospital John Radcliffe ao lado de Bryan Sykes e Robert EM Hedges . Em Oxford, Hagelberg colaborou com Alec Jeffreys nas aplicações do DNA ósseo na ciência forense. Jeffreys uma vez a descreveu como sendo capaz de "extrair DNA de uma pedra, praticamente". Jeffreys e Hagelberg trabalharam na digitação de repetição em tandem simples . Seus primeiros trabalhos incluíram a análise de ossos do Mary Rose . Hagelberg identificou DNA de porco em um osso da perna das lojas de alimentos no Mary Rose .

Jeffreys e Hagelberg demonstraram que a análise de DNA poderia ser usada para identificar os restos mortais de uma vítima de assassinato. Infelizmente, o corpo ficou no solo por tanto tempo que se desintegrou. Eles não podiam usar a impressão digital convencional de DNA para analisar o DNA e tiveram que desenvolver técnicas mais sofisticadas. Na década de 1990, ela foi uma das primeiras pessoas a usar a análise de DNA ósseo para identificação forense. A técnica de extração de DNA de Hagelberg foi usada para identificar ossos encontrados no Brasil que se acreditava pertencentes a Josef Mengele. Com Jeffreys, Hagelberg extraiu o DNA de um esqueleto enterrado por vários anos e o comparou com o dos membros da família de Mengele. A descoberta deles encerrou um caso de crime de guerra que permaneceu aberto por meio século. Ela também participou da identificação dos restos mortais da família Romanov. Esse processo envolveu a análise de nove esqueletos, incluindo os da suposta czarina e três de suas filhas, e a comparação de seu DNA com o de descendentes vivos. Ela também usou DNA mitocondrial para estudar a migração de populações humanas. Ela também extraiu DNA de ossos de mamute.

Em 1998, Hagelberg deixou Cambridge e ingressou na Universidade de Otago, na Nova Zelândia . Lá ela continuou sua pesquisa sobre migrações humanas nas ilhas do Pacífico, examinando polimorfismos de DNA mitocondrial em ossos polinésios e melanésios para resolver opiniões conflitantes sobre os padrões migratórios. Ela também investigou as origens genéticas do povo das Ilhas Andaman. Ela descobriu que os andamaneses são geneticamente mais semelhantes aos asiáticos do que às populações africanas, prevendo que sejam descendentes das colônias paleolíticas no sudeste da Ásia . Hagelberg também escreveu sobre a evolução da linguagem e como a complexidade social está relacionada ao tamanho do cérebro. Ela está interessada em quão confiável é o DNA mitocondrial em estudos de evolução humana e filogenética .

Em 2002, Hagelberg ingressou na Universidade de Oslo. Hagelberg investiga como as definições de raça biológica são usadas por biólogos evolutivos. Seu trabalho foi abordado no The Guardian, The New York Times.

Ela publicou em vários livros, incluindo Oxford Companion to Archaeology and Life and Death in Asia Minor in Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Times: Studies in Archaeology and Bioarchaeology. Ela editou uma edição temática da Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society on Ancient DNA .

Bibliografia

Livros

 Life and Death in Asia Minor in Helenistic, Roman, and Byzantine Times: Studies in Archaeology and Bioarchaeology, editado por J. Rasmus Brandt, Erika Hagelberg, Gro Bjørnstad e Sven Ahrens (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2017)

Artigos de revistas e capítulos de livros

 Gro Bjørnstad, Erika Hagelberg, 'Analysis of DNA in skeletal material from Hierapolis', Life and Death in Asia Minor from Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine Times edited by J. Rasmus Brandt, Erika Hagelberg, Gro Bjørnstad, and Sven Ahrens (Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2017) pp. 219–27
 JR Brandt, S. Ahrens, CC Wenn, E. Hagelberg, G. Bjørnstad e outros, 'Liv og død i Hierapolis: Norske utgravninger i en hellenistisk-romersk-bysantinisk by i Lilleasia', Viking (Norsk archeologisk årbok) 79 (2016 ) pp. 193–220
 Erika Hagelberg, 'Genetic affinities of the Rapanui', Skeletal Biology of the Ancient Rapa Nui, editado por GW Gill e V. Stefan (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016) pp. 182–201
 JMB Motti, E. Hagelberg, J. Lindo, R. Malhi, CM Bravi, RA Guichón, 'Primer genoma mitochondrial en restos humanos de la costa de Santa Cruz, Argentina', Magallania (Chile) 43 (2015) pp. 119–31
 Chunxiang Li, Chang Ning, Erika Hagelberg, Hongjie Li, Yongbin Zhao, Wenying Li, Idelisi Abuduresule, Hong Zhu, Hui Zhou, 'Analysis of ancient human mitochondrial DNA from the Xiaohe cemetery: Insights into prehistoric population movements in the Tarim Basin, China ', BMC Genetics (2015)
 Erika Hagelberg, Michael Hofreiter e Christine Keyser, 'Ancient DNA: the First Three Decades', Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (2015) pp. 1–6 https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2013.0371
 Erika Hagelberg et al., 'A Genetic Perspective on the Origins and Dispersal of the Austronesians: Mitochondrial DNA Variation from Madagascar to Easter Island', Past Human Migrations in East Asia: Matching Archaeology, Linguistics and Genetics, editado por Alicia Sanchez-Mazas et al. (Londres: Routledge, 2008)
 KWP Miller, JL Dawson, & E. Hagelberg, 'A Concordance of Nucleotide Substitutions in the First and Second Hypervariable Segments of the Human mtDNA Control Region', International Journal of Legal Medicine 109 (1996) pp. 107–13.

Referências

Alunos da Universidade de Londres
Alunos da Universidade de Cambridge

Erika Hagelberg


بشير الديك (27 يوليو 1944 -)، كاتب مصري.

عن حياته
ولد بقرية الخياطة بمدينة دمياط، وحصل على بكالوريوس التجارة من جامعة القاهرة في يونيو عام 1966. كتب القصة القصيرة ونشر العديد منها في المجلات الثقافية بمصر والعالم العربي قبل أن يكتب للسينما.

كان أول أعماله هو فيلم «مع سبق الإصرار» من إخراج أشرف فهمي وبطولة: محمود ياسين ونور الشريف وميرفت أمين، وقد عُرِض في فبراير 1979. ثم كون ثنائيا ناجحا مع المخرج عاطف الطيب في عدد من أهم أفلامه، مثل «سواق الأتوبيس» و«ضربة معلم» و«ضد الحكومة» و«ناجي العلي» و«ليلة ساخنة». بالإضافة إلى ذلك اشترك مع المخرج محمد خان في العديد من الأفلام مثل «الرغبة»، و«موعد على العشاء»، و«الحريف»

أخرج خلال مسيرته فيلمين فقط، هما الطوفان من بطولة محمود عبد العزيز، وسكة سفر من بطولة نور الشريف. وابتعد عن السينما خلال سنوات الألفية باستثناء تقديمه فيلم «الكبار» عام 2010 من إخراج محمد جمال العدل، في المقابل قدم عدداً من المسلسلات التلفزيونية الناجحة مثل «الناس في كفر عسكر» و«حرب الجواسيس» وغيرها.

أعمالة

الأفلام

كما قام بإخراج فيلمين روائيين هما:الطوفان بطولة محمود عبد العزيز وفاروق الفيشاوي ومحمود الجندي وأمينة رزق وفيلم سكة سفر بطولة نور الشريف ونورا وحسن مصطفى وعبد السلام محمد وأحمد بدير وآخرين.

المسلسلات

الرسوم المتحركة
وفي مجال الرسوم المتحركة فقد قام بكتابة سيناريو لفيلم الفارس والأميرة وأعد لإخراجة بعد وفاة مخرجه الأصلي محمد حسيب. وقد أنجز من هذا الفيلم ما يقرب من النصف ساعة وهو من إنتاج شركة السحر للرسوم المتحركة وعرض في عام 2020.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

أشخاص من دمياط
كتاب سيناريو مصريون
مواليد 1363 هـ
مؤلفون تلفزيونيون مصريون

بشير الديك


Allosiopelus punctatipennis es una  especie de coleóptero adéfago de la familia Carabidae y el único miembro del género monotípico Allosiopelus.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Allosiopelus en ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Harpalina

Allosiopelus


FC Græsrødderne er et tidligere dansk fodboldhold der spillede Old Boys fra 2015 til 2022.

Holdet blev dannet i 2015 af Klaus Lykke og Mads Laudrup. Holdet spillede i Københavnerserien frem til d. 3. maj 2021. hvor holder valgte at trække sig som seniorhold og fra Serie 1 (DBU København). Holdet bestod af gamle professionelle fodboldspillere som er stoppet med fodbold på højt plan, men savner sammenholdet ved fodbold herunder stemningen i omklædningsrummet. Projektet FC Græsrødderne bliver sideløbende fulgt af Viasat, som udover præsentation af spillere og lodtrækning af træningskampe også følger holdet før, under og efter deres kampe.

Holdet blev i perioder trænet af tidligere AB-træner Flemming Christensen og assistent Henrik "Store" Larsen. Bestyrelsen omkring klubben bestod bl.a. af de tidligere spillere Andreas Laudrup og Jonathan Richter. Holdet trænede og spillede sine hjemmebanekampe i Gentofte Sportspark. Holdet spillede i Hummel-tøj i farverne grøn og grå.

Holdet blev nedlagt i 2022.

Kendte spillere
 Jens Waltorp Sørensen
 Dennis Cagara
 Martin Thomas Andersen
 Kenneth Bjergsted
 Rasmus Daugaard
 Daniel Udsen
 Jan Frederiksen
 Glenn Darlie
 Carsten Fredgaard
 Morten Karlsen
 Martin Johansen
 Mads Laudrup
 Klaus Lykke (Anfører)
 Jesper Grønkjær
 Patrik Wozniacki
 Martin Albrechtsen
 Nikolai Laudrup
 Poul Hübertz

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldklubber i Danmark
Etableret i 2015
Sport i Gentofte
Sportsklubber i København
Ophørt i 2022

FC Græsrødderne


La playa de Boulders (en inglés: Boulders Beach) es una playa protegida formada por entradas entre rocas de granito, de las cuales se deriva su nombre en inglés. Se encuentra ubicada en la Península del Cabo, cerca de la localidad de Simon's Town hacia el Cabo Point, cerca de Ciudad del Cabo, en la provincia del Cabo Occidental de Sudáfrica. También es comúnmente conocida como la Bahía de Boulders.

Se trata de una parada turística popular debido a una colonia de pingüinos africanos que se establecieron allí en 1982. La playa de Boulders forma parte del parque nacional Table Mountain.

Aunque situada en medio de una zona residencial, es uno de los pocos sitios donde pueden ser observadas aves como la Spheniscus demersus que están a menudo vagando libremente en un entorno natural protegido.
Se localiza específicamente en las coordenadas geográficas .

Véase también
Geografía de Sudáfrica
Geografía de África

Referencias

Galería de imágenes

Enlaces externos
Mapa de localización

Playas de Sudáfrica

Playa de Boulders


සැකිල්ල යනුවෙන් හඳුන්වනු ලබන්නේ සත්ත්ව දේහයන් දරාසිටින රාමුව බඳු ව්‍යූහයයි. විවිධ සැකිලි ප්‍රභේද ඇත: ඒ අතර ජීවියකුගේ ස්ථාවර පිටත කවචය වන බහිඃසැකිල්ල, ශරීර අභ්‍යන්තරයේ පිහිටි සන්ධාරක ව්‍යූහය වන අන්තඃසැකිල්ල, ද්‍රව පීඩනය මඟින් ආධාර වන නම්‍යශීලී සැකිල්ලක් වන ද්‍රවසැකිල්ල, සහ බැක්ටීරියා හා ආකියා ඇතුළු සියලු සෛලවල හමුවන සෛල සැකිල්ල දැක්විය හැක. මෙහි ඉංග්‍රීසි යෙදුම වන "Skeleton" යන්න  යන වදනෙන් සම්භවය වූවකි.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 3-D Viewer of a male American mastodon skeleton, with bones labelled, at the University of Michigan Mammutidae digital fossil repository
 Interactive views of various primate skeletons at eSkeletons.org (associated with the University of Texas at Austin

සත්ත්ව ව්‍යූහ විද්‍යාව

සැකිල්ල


An Aponogeton in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Aponogeton in nahilalakip ha familia nga Aponogetonaceae.

An Aponogeton amo la an genus nga ha familia nga Aponogetonaceae.

Ilarom nga taxa

 Aponogeton abyssinicus
 Aponogeton afroviolaceus
 Aponogeton angustifolius
 Aponogeton appendiculatus
 Aponogeton azureus
 Aponogeton bernierianus
 Aponogeton bogneri
 Aponogeton boivinianus
 Aponogeton bruggenii
 Aponogeton bullosus
 Aponogeton capuronii
 Aponogeton cordatus
 Aponogeton crispus
 Aponogeton cuneatus
 Aponogeton decaryi
 Aponogeton desertorum
 Aponogeton dioecus
 Aponogeton distachyos
 Aponogeton eggersii
 Aponogeton elongatus
 Aponogeton euryspermus
 Aponogeton fotianus
 Aponogeton fugax
 Aponogeton gottlebei
 Aponogeton hexatepalus
 Aponogeton jacobsenii
 Aponogeton junceus
 Aponogeton kimberleyensis
 Aponogeton lakhonensis
 Aponogeton lancesmithii
 Aponogeton longiplumulosus
 Aponogeton loriae
 Aponogeton madagascariensis
 Aponogeton masoalaensis
 Aponogeton natalensis
 Aponogeton natans
 Aponogeton nudiflorus
 Aponogeton proliferus
 Aponogeton queenslandicus
 Aponogeton ranunculiflorus
 Aponogeton rehmannii
 Aponogeton rigidifolius
 Aponogeton robinsonii
 Aponogeton satarensis
 Aponogeton schatzianus
 Aponogeton stuhlmannii
 Aponogeton subconjugatus
 Aponogeton tenuispicatus
 Aponogeton tofus
 Aponogeton troupinii
 Aponogeton ulvaceus
 Aponogeton undulatus
 Aponogeton vallisnerioides
 Aponogeton vanbruggenii
 Aponogeton viridis
 Aponogeton womersleyi

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Aponogeton

Aponogeton


මෙම ශෛලිය සංයුක්ත සෑම ආකාරයකම නර්තනයන්ට රංග ප්‍රයෝගික නිර්මාණයට පහ මුලිකව විනෝදය ඇති කරන අර්ධකාලීන දර්ශනයන්ට උපයෝගි වේ. පොඩි මිනිසුන් 6 සිට 45 දක්වා දර්ශනයන්ට උපයෝගි වේ. පොමි මිනිසුන් 6 සිට 45 දක්වා යුත් න‍රාඩයම් ලෙස ගෙදක්වන අතර ' පොදු රගදැක්විම්' අතර මුලික රංගනයකි. තරගකාරිත්වය දරැණු ලෙස මෙම නිෂෙත්‍රය තුළ තිබෙන අතර රග දක්වන්නේ ආකාරය විනිශ්චය මත ම නොව නමුත් කරාඩයම් සමානන්තවය, අලංකාර කොට දැක්විමේ සමාර්ථය, නිරවද්‍යවතාවය සහ නැටුම් ශාස්ත්‍රය මත පදනම් වේ.

රංගනය

පොමි


Lucky's Tale er et Virtual reality-computerspil til Oculus Rift.
Spillet minder om Crash Bandicoot, som kom til den første Playstation i 1996.

Ræven Lucky skal ud og redde sin ven grisen, der er blevet kidnappet af et plantelignede monster. Derfor skal Lucky igennem 14 baner hvor han skal nedkæmpe fjender, hoppe over forhindringer og løbe igennem banerne på tid, samt samle mønter og perler,
 så han til sidst kan nå frem til sin ven grisen for at rede ham fra monsteret.

Spillet har fået en efterfølger som hedder Super Lucky's Tale, som blev udgivet den 7. november 2017.

Referencer

Computerspil
Computerspil fra 2016

Lucky's Tale


Aux États-Unis, la loi International Megan's Law to Prevent Child Exploitation and Other Sexual Crimes Through Advanced Notification of Traveling Sex Offenders (« Loi de Megan internationale pour la prévention de l'exploitation des enfants et d'autres crimes sexuels via un système avancé de notification sur le voyage des auteurs d'infraction sexuelle ») abrégée H.R. 515, est une réglementation à l'échelle fédérale qui oblige, entre autres, à apposer un « identifiant unique » visuel sur les passeports des personnes condamnées pour infraction sexuelle contre un mineur. La loi impose aussi aux auteurs de ces infractions de prévenir les autorités 21 jours avant tout voyage à l'étranger. Elle est promulguée par le président Barack Obama le . Elle entre en vigueur le .

Contexte

Après le meurtre de Megan Kanka dans le New Jersey en 1994, la loi de Megan (nom informel) prévoit la création de fichiers des auteurs d'infractions sexuelles, dont les organismes chargés de l'application des lois doivent accorder l'accès au public. Chaque État américain choisit quelles informations sont accessibles au public et de quelle manière elles circulent. Les renseignements habituellement proposés sont le nom du délinquant, sa photo, son adresse, les dates de son incarcération et la nature du crime ou délit. Cette information est généralement accessible sur des sites internet publics mais elle peut aussi figurer dans des journaux, des pamphlets ou d'autres supports.

Clauses

La loi H.R. 515 impose d'informer les autres pays, via l', quand un auteur américain d'infraction sexuelle voyage sur leur territoire. Le secrétaire d'État des États-Unis peut aussi décider d'imposer des limites ou des restrictions sur les déplacements à l'étranger des délinquants sexuels condamnés. Enfin, le projet de loi demande au président de s'efforcer d'obtenir un échange de procédés symétrique avec les pays tiers, afin que les États-Unis sachent quand un délinquant sexuel étranger veut voyager sur leur sol.

Vote et conséquences

Le projet le loi est d'abord présentée sous le nom de International Megan's Law to Prevent Demand for Child Sex Trafficking, qui prévoit de prévenir les gouvernements étrangers quand un citoyen américain figurant sur le registre des auteurs d'infraction sexuelle contre un mineur est sur le point de voyager vers leur pays ; adopté par la Chambre des représentants des États-Unis, le projet ne convainc pas le Sénat.

La nouvelle mouture du projet de loi est proposée en décembre 2015 ; le 114e congrès des États-Unis y apporte un amendement.

HR 515 est votée par les deux chambres du 114e congrès des États-Unis le  et signée par Barack Obama le .

La loi entre en vigueur le . Dès lors, le département d'État commence à inscrire sur les passeports concernés : « le détenteur de ce passeport a été condamné pour un crime sexuel contre un mineur et il est enregistré comme délinquant sexuel conformément à la Section 212b(c)(l) du code 22 des États-Unis ». Ce message étant trop long pour l'espace disponible sur un passeport ordinaire, la loi entraîne comme conséquence que les délinquants sexuels ne peuvent obtenir, et détenir, que la version les passeports les plus détaillés et les plus onéreux.

Critiques

Des auteurs critiquent la loi en estimant qu'elle viole les droits constitutionnels et qu'elle va également englober les personnes qui ont fait l'objet d'une condamnation alors qu'elles étaient mineures.

Notes et références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Affaire Megan Kanka
 Loi de Megan

Liens externes
 Library of Congress - Thomas H.R. 4573
 beta.congress.gov H.R. 4573
 GovTrack.us H.R. 4573
 OpenCongress.org H.R. 4573
 WashingtonWatch.com H.R. 4573

Loi américaine
Droit pénal
Infraction sexuelle


Boy meets world   عبارة عن حلقات هزلية تلفزيونية أميركية، تحكى أحداث الحياة اليومية لكوري ماثيوز منذ كان صبيا صغيرا حتى أصبح رجلا متزوجا، لعب دوره بن سافاج. عرضت الحلقات على مدى سبعة مواسم من عام 1993 حتي 2000 على تلفزيونABC ، وهو جزء من شبكة TGIF.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

برامج تلفزيونية باللغة الإنجليزية
برامج هيئة الإذاعة الأمريكية الأصلية
عروض تلفزيونية تقع أحداثها في بنسيلفانيا
عروض تلفزيونية تقع أحداثها في فيلادلفيا
مسلسلات المدارس الإعدادية
مسلسلات أمريكية انتهت في 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية انتهت في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية بدأ عرضها في 1993
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية عن قريب
مسلسلات تلفزيونية من إنتاج استوديوهات أي بي سي
مسلسلات عن المراهقة
مسلسلات عن عائلات
مسلسلات كوميديا موقف أمريكية
مسلسلات كوميديا موقف عن المراهقين

بوي ميتس ورلد


En magnetohydrodynamisk-generator eller MHD-generator er en elektricitetsgenerator hvor de strømførende viklinger erstattes af en strømmende, elektrisk ledende gas eller væske og hvor den kinetiske energi i det strømmende medium bliver omsat direkte til elektrisk energi.

MHD-generatorer afskiller sig fra traditionelle elektriske generatorer ved at de opererer ved en høj temperatur uden bevægelige dele.

Kilder/referencer
magnetohydrodynamisk generator. I Store norske leksikon

Plasmafysik
Elektromagnetisk induktion
Elektromagnetiske komponenter
Elektriske generatorer
Kraftværkteknologi
Energiomdannelse

Magnetohydrodynamisk-generator


Baralla, İspanya'nın on yedi özerk bölgesinden, ülkenin kuzeybatı köşesinde bulunan Galiçya otonom bölgesine bağlı dört eyaletten biri olan Lugo'ya bağlı 67 belediyeden biridir. Baralla belediyesinin nüfusu, 2005 yılı nüfus sayımlarına göre 3.134 kişidir.

Lugo'daki belediyeler

Baralla


Oswald Richter (* 1. Juni 1878 in Prag, Österreich-Ungarn; † 8. April 1955 in Hannover) war ein österreichischer Botaniker im Geist von Gregor Mendel. Sein botanisches Autorenkürzel (er beschrieb auch neue Algen) lautet "O.Richt.".

Leben
Oswald Richter wurde als Sohn des Direktors einer Prager Oberschule geboren.
Er absolvierte das deutsche Gymnasium in Prag, studierte an der Universität Prag und wurde 1903 summa cum laude zum Dr. phil. promoviert. Vom österreichischen Kaiser erhielt er den Ehrenring sub auspiciis Imperatoris.

1912 wurde der Ignaz-Lieben-Preis an ihn vergeben. Preisthema war "Physiologie der Algen".

Im Jahre 1920 wurde er zum a.o. Professor für Botanik, Warenkunde, technische Mikroskopie und Mykologie (Pilzkunde) an der Technischen Hochschule Brünn ernannt. 1927/1928 war er Rektor an dieser Hochschule.

Ein wichtiger seiner Lehrer war der Botaniker Hans Molisch.
Das Verzeichnis von Richters Publikationen enthält 157 Veröffentlichungen. Sie umfassen die Gebiete der experimentellen Pflanzenphysiologie, speziell der Ernährungsphysiologie, Pflanzenpathologie und pathologischen Pflanzenanatomie, der Mikrochemie und angewandten Botanik, der Bakteriologie, der Biologie und Photochemie.

Er entwickelte ein Verfahren für die Verwendung von Brennnessel-Fasern, Fasernesseln, zur Stoffherstellung.

Intensiv setzte er sich mit dem Wirken von Gregor Mendel auseinander, was letztlich zum Buch "Johann Gregor Mendel wie er wirklich war" führte.

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde er mit seiner Familie aus der Tschechoslowakei vertrieben und übersiedelte nach Hannover, wo er Gastprofessor an der Tierärztlichen Hochschule Hannover wurde.

Oswald Richter war verheiratet und Vater von vier Kindern. Er starb am 8. April 1955 in Hannover.

Publikationen

 Johann Gregor Mendel wie er wirklich war. Verlag der Gesellschaft für Wissenschaft und Volkstumforschung in Mähren, 1943, 262 Seiten.

Literatur
 Rudolf Werner Soukup, W. Gerhard Pohl: Die wissenschaftliche Welt von Gestern. Die Preisträger des Ignaz-L.-Lieben-Preises 1865-1937 und des Richard-Lieben-Preises 1912-1928. Ein Kapitel österreichischer Wissenschaftsgeschichte in Kurzbiographien. Wien/Köln/Weimar 2004 (Beiträge zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte und Wissenschaftsforschung. 4).
 Oswald Richter, in: Johannes Feichtinger, Herbert Matis, Stefan Sienell, Heidemarie Uhl, Silke Fengler (Hrsg.): Die Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien 1938 bis 1945 : Katalog zur Ausstellung. ÖAW, Wien 2013, S. 241.

Weblinks
  (mit Publikationsliste).
 Lieben-Preisträger: Bild Oswald Richter
 Autoreintrag beim IPNI

Botaniker (20. Jahrhundert)
Phykologe
Hochschullehrer (Deutsche Technische Hochschule Brünn)
Korrespondierendes Mitglied der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Lieben-Preisträger
Person (Cisleithanien)
Tschechoslowake
Deutscher
Geboren 1878
Gestorben 1955
Mann

Oswald Richter


Olaylar

 625 - Arabistan'da Müslümanlarla Kureyşler arasında, Uhud Savaşı başladı.
 1791 - Hollandalı kadın hakları savunucusu Etta Palm d'Aelders, Gerçeğin Dostları Konfederasyonu olarak bilinen kadın kulüplerini kurdu.
 1801 - I. Aleksandr, Rus İmparatorluğu'nun Çarı oldu.
 1839 - "OK" sözcüğü, (oll correct) Boston Morning Post gazetesinde ilk kez kayıtlara geçti.
 1848 - Macaristan, Avusturya'dan bağımsızlığını ilan etti.
 1855 - Dolmabahçe Camii ibadete açıldı.
 1903 - Wright Kardeşler, ilk sabit kanatlı uçakları için patent başvurusunda bulundular.
 1918 - Rus İç Savaşı kapsamında Beyaz Ordu'nun bölgeden çekilmesinin ardından Don Sovyet Cumhuriyeti ilan edildi.
 1919 - Benito Mussolini, İtalya'da Faşist Mücadele Birliklerinin İttifakı (Fasci Italiani di Combattimento) partisini kurdu. 9 Kasım 1921'de ise Ulusal Faşist Parti kuruldu.
 1921 - II. İnönü Muharebesi başladı. Yunan birlikleri, Uşak ve Bursa üzerinden, Afyon ve Eskişehir'e doğru iki koldan taarruz başlattı.
 1923 - Mübadele sonucu Selanik'ten gelen Türkler, Didim'e ulaştılar.
 1925 - Sessiz sinema döneminin en pahalı filmi olan (3.9 milyon dolar) "Ben Hur", gösterime girdi.
 1931 - Türk çocuklarının ilk öğrenimlerini Türk okullarında yapmalarını zorunlu kılan kanun kabul edildi.
 1933 - Alman Millî Meclisi Reichstag, Adolf Hitler'e kararnamelerle ülkeyi yönetme yetkisi verdi.
 1946 - Zekeriya Sertel ile Sabiha Sertel, Cami Baykut ve Halil Lütfi Dördüncü, çeşitli hapis cezalarına çarptırıldı. Daha sonra karar, Yargıtayca bozuldu ve gazeteciler serbest bırakıldılar.
 1956 - Pakistan, ilk İslam Cumhuriyeti oldu.
 1959 - Ankara'da yayınlanan Öncü gazetesi, süresiz olarak kapatıldı.
 1971 - Türkiye Halk Kurtuluş Ordusu liderlerinden Deniz Gezmiş'in arkadaşları, Hüseyin İnan ve Mehmet Nakipoğlu yakalandı.
 1972 - Cumhurbaşkanı Cevdet Sunay; Deniz Gezmiş, Yusuf Aslan ve Hüseyin İnan hakkında verilen idam cezalarını onayladı.
 1974 - Hükûmet, İmralı Adası'nda gömülü olan Adnan Menderes, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu ve Hasan Polatkan'ın mezarlarının başka bir yere taşınabilmesine izin verdi.
 1977 - Liselerde okutulan "Felsefeye Başlangıç" adlı kitabın yazarı Prof. Nebahat Küyel, Aleviler'i küçük düşürme iddiasıyla yargılandı.
 1979 - MSP eski Milletvekili Halit Kahraman, eroin kaçırırken Yunanistan'da yakalandı.
 1982 - Uğur Mumcu, köşesinde, "Terör, öncelikle demokrasinin düşmanıdır. Bu açıdan bakarsak, «12 Eylül 1980 öncesinde Türkiye'de düşünce özgürlüğü vardır, Anayasa yürürlüktedir, demokrasi tastamam işlemektedir» diyemeyiz, dersek: inandırıcı olamayız." yazdı.
 1989 - Utah Üniversitesi'nden Stanley Pons ve Martin Fleischmann, soğuk füzyon konusundaki buluşlarını açıkladılar.
 1990 - Cizre'de binlerce kişi yürüyüş yaptı.
 1992 - Şırnak'ın Cizre ilçesinde çıkan olaylarda, güvenlik güçleri ile göstericiler arasındaki çatışmaları izleyen Sabah Gazetesi muhabiri İzzet Kezer, başından vurularak öldü.
 1994 - Meksika Başkan adayı Luis Donaldo Colosio, seçim hazırlıkları sırasında düzenlenen bir suikast sonucu öldürüldü.
 1994 - Rus Havayolları Aeroflot'a ait Airbus A310 tipi bir yolcu uçağı, Sibirya'da düştü; 75 kişi öldü.
 1996 - Ankara'da öğrenciler harçları protesto eylemi yaptılar. Çıkan olaylar sonrasında Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi binasına giren Polis, 127 öğrenciyi gözaltına aldı. Olaylarda 51 polis ve 100 öğrenci yaralandı.
 1996 - Refah Partisi Genel Başkan Yardımcısı Oğuzhan Asiltürk, Türk Silahlı Kuvvetleri'ni din düşmanlığı yapmakla suçladı.
 1998 - Bakanlar Kurulunda irticayla mücadelede alınması gereken önlemleri içeren yasa tasarılarının büyük bölümü imzalandı.
 1999 - Paraguay Başkan Yardımcısı Luis María Argaña, suikast sonucu öldürüldü.
 2000 - Galatasaray futbol takımı, UEFA Kupası çeyrek finalinde deplasmandaki ilk maçta 4-1 yendiği Mallorca'yı, Ali Sami Yen Stadı'nda da yenip, yarı finalist oldu.
 2001 - NATO, Kosova Savaşında seyreltilmiş uranyum mermisi kullandığını itiraf etti.
 2001 - Sovyet uzay istasyonu Mir'in görevi sonlandırıldı.
 2004 - Gelibolu Yarımadası Tarihî Millî Parkı'nda Doğa Koruma ve Millî Parklar Genel Müdürlüğü'nce yürütülen "Şehitler Coğrafyası" projesi kapsamında yapılan araştırmalar sonucu, iki bin askerin gömüldüğü gerçek şehitlik bulundu.
 2008 - "Ergenekon" soruşturması kapsamında gözaltına alınan İlhan Selçuk, savcılık sorgusunun ardından serbest bırakıldı ve yurt dışına çıkışı yasaklandı.

Doğumlar
 1338 - Go-Kōgon, Japonya'da Nanboku-chō dönemi sırasında dördüncü Kuzey Talibi idi (ö. 1374)
 1614 - Cihanara Begüm, Babür İmparatoru Şah Cihan'ın kızı (ö. 1681)
 1643 - María de León Bello y Delgado, Katolik rahibe ve mistik (ö. 1731)
 1749 - Pierre-Simon Laplace, Fransız matematikçi ve gök bilimci (ö. 1827)
 1795 - Bernt Michael Holmboe, Norveçli matematikçi (ö. 1850)
 1823 - Schuyler Colfax, Amerikalı gazeteci, iş insanı ve siyasetçi (ö. 1885)
 1825 - Theodor Bilharz, Alman doktor (ö. 1862)
 1829 - N. R. Pogson, İngiliz astronom (ö. 1891)
 1853 - Muzaffereddin Şah, İran Şahı (ö. 1907)
 1858 - Ludwig Quidde, Alman pasifist ve Nobel Barış Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1941)
 1864 - Sándor Simonyi-Semadam, Macar Başbakanı (ö. 1946)
 1868 - Dietrich Eckart, Alman politikacı (ö. 1923)
 1876 - Ziya Gökalp, Türk şair (ö. 1924)
 1878 - Henry Weed Fowler, Amerikalı zoolog (ö. 1965)
 1881 - Hermann Staudinger, Alman kimyager ve Nobel Kimya Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1965)
 1881 - Roger Martin du Gard, Fransız yazar ve Nobel Edebiyat Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1958)
 1882 - Amalie Emmy Noether, Alman matematikçi (ö. 1935)

 1883 - Andrey Bubnov, Ekim Devrimi önderlerinden Bolşevik devrimci, Sol Muhalefet üyesi (ö. 1938)
 1887 - Josef Čapek, Çek ressam ve yazar (ö. 1945)
 1887 - Juan Gris, İspanyol ressam ve heykeltıraş (ö. 1927)
 1887 - Edward Courtney Boyle, Kraliyet Donanması subayı (ö. 1967)
 1892 - Walter Krüger, Nazi Almanyası ve Saksonya Krallığı'nda asker (ö. 1973)
 1893 - Cedric Gibbons, Amerikalı sanat yönetmeni ve yapım tasarımcısı (ö. 1960)
 1898 - Erich Bey, Nazi Almanyası'nın muhrip filosu komutanı (ö. 1943)
 1899 - Louis Adamic, Amerikalı gazeteci ve yazar (ö. 1951)
 1900 - Erich Fromm, Amerikalı psikoanalizci ve toplum felsefecisi (ö. 1980)
 1903 - Frank Sargeson, Yeni Zelandalı yazar ve romancı (ö. 1982)
 1904 - Joan Crawford, Amerikalı aktris (ö. 1977)
 1905 - Lale Andersen, Alman şarkıcı (Lili Marleen ile tanınan) (ö. 1972)
 1907 - Daniel Bovet, İsviçreli farmakolog (ö. 1992)
 1909 - Ahmet Ahundov, edebiyat eleştirmeni, yazar, şair, çevirmen ve Türkmen üniversite profesörü (ö. 1943)
 1910 - Akira Kurosawa, Japon film yönetmeni (ö. 1998)
 1912 - Wernher von Braun, Alman bilim insanı (ö. 1977)
 1913 - Abidin Dino, Türk ressam, karikatürist, yazar ve film yönetmeni (ö. 1993)
 1915 - Vasiliy Zaytsev, SSCB'li keskin nişancı (ö. 1991)
 1927 - Şükran Kurdakul, Türk şair, yazar ve araştırmacı (ö. 2004)
 1933 - Hayes Alan Jenkins, SSCB'li buz patenci
 1933 - Philip Zimbardo, Amerikalı psikolog (Stanford hapishane deneyi ile tanınan)
 1936 - Yalçın Otağ, Türk oyuncu ve komedyen (ö. 2014)
 1937 - İbrahim Ebuleyş, Mısırlı iş insanı (ö. 2017)
 1939 - Pervin Par, Türk sinema oyuncusu (ö. 2015)
 1942 - Michael Haneke, Avusturyalı film yönetmeni
 1944 - Michael Nyman, İngiliz minimal müzik bestecisi
 1945 - Leyla Demiriş, Türk soprano ve opera sanatçısı (ö. 2016)
 1948 - Chantal Lauby, Fransız sinema oyuncusu, senarist ve film yönetmeni
 1952 - Rex Tillerson, Amerikalı iş insanı, inşaat mühendisi ve siyasetçi
 1953 - Chaka Khan, Amerikalı şarkıcı
 1955 - İsmail Rüştü Cirit, Türk hukukçu
 1956 - Jose Manuel Durao Barroso, Portekizli politikacı
 1956 - Talat Bulut, Türk tiyatrocu ve seslendirme sanatçısı
 1959 - Numan Kurtulmuş, Türk akademisyen, yazar ve siyasetçi
 1963 - Míchel, İspanyol futbolcu ve teknik direktör
 1964 - Okan Bayülgen, Türk televizyon programcısı ve oyuncu
 1965 - Aneta Kręglicka, Polonyalı 1989 Dünya Güzeli
 1966 - Caner Beklim, Türk radyo yapımcısı ve müzik direktörü
 1968 - Fernando Hierro, İspanyol futbolcu
 1971 - Yasmeen Ghauri, Kanadalı manken
 1973 - Jason Kidd, Amerikalı basketbolcu
 1973 - Jerzy Dudek, Polonyalı futbolcu
 1975 - Burak Gürpınar, Türk müzisyen
 1976 - Chris Hoy, İskoç asıllı İngiliz bisikletçi
 1976 - Michelle Monaghan, Amerikalı aktris
 1976 - Keri Russell, Amerikalı oyuncudur
 1977 - Maxim Marinin, Rus buz patenci
 1978 - Bora Duran, Türk şarkıcı
 1978 - Perez Hilton, Amerikalı blog yazarı ve televizyon ünlüsü
 1978 - Walter Samuel, Arjantinli futbolcu
 1981 - Giuseppe Sculli, İtalyan futbolcu
 1981 - Mesut Süre, Türk radyo programcısı ve stand up sanatçısı
 1983 - Hakan Kadir Balta, Türk futbolcu
 1983 - Mo Farah, Somali asıllı İngiliz atlet
 1983 - Sascha Riether, Alman eski millî futbolcudur
 1983 - Jerome Thomas, İngiliz eski futbolcu
 1984 - Janna Nemtsova, Rus Yahudi yazar ve aktivist
 1985 - Bethanie Mattek-Sands, Amerikalı tenisçi
 1985 - Memphis Monroe, Amerikalı porno oyuncusu
 1989 - Luis Fernando Silva, Meksikalı futbolcudur
 1990 - Jaime Alguersuari, İspanyol Formula 1 pilotu
 1991 - Bensu Soral, Türk oyuncu
 1992 - Tolga Ciğerci, Almanya'da yetişmiş Türk millî futbolcu
 1992 - Kyrie Irving, Avustralya asıllı Amerikalı basketbolcudur
 1993 - Aytaç Kara, Türk futbolcu
 1993 - Buğrahan Tuncer, Türk basketbolcu
 1994 - Nick Powell, İngiliz futbolcudur
 1995 - Jan Lisiecki, Kanada doğumlu, Polonya asıllı klasik müzik piyanisti
 1995 - Ozan Tufan, Türk futbolcu
 1996 - Alexander Albon, Formula 1'de Red Bull Racing için yarışan Tay-İngiliz pilot

Ölümler
 59 - Genç Agrippina, Roma İmparatoriçesi (d. 15)
 1022 - Zhenzong, Çin'in Song Hanedanı'nın üçüncü imparatoru (d. 968)
 1555 - III. Julius, 1550-1555 arasında papa (d. 1487)
 1589 - Marcin Krome, Polonyalı haritacı, diplomat ve tarihçi (d. 1512)
 1747 - Humbaracı Ahmed Paşa, Osmanlı Ordusu'nun ıslahı için çalışmalar yapan Fransız subay (d. 1675)
 1801 - I. Pavel, Rus Çarı (d. 1754)
 1819 - August von Kotzebue, Alman oyun yazarı ve yazar (d. 1761)
 1829 - Richard Anthony Salisbury, İngiliz botanikçi (d. 1761)
 1842 - Stendhal, Fransız yazar (d. 1783)
 1854 - Johannes Søbøtker, Danimarka Batı Hint Adaları'ndaki tüccar (d. 1777)
 1891 - Anne Lynch Botta, Amerikalı şair, yazar ve öğretmen (d. 1815)
 1910 - Nadar, Fransız fotoğrafçı, karikatürist, roman yazarı, gazeteci ve baloncu (d. 1820)
 1923 - Karekin Pastırmacıyan, Ermeni siyasetçi (d. 1872)
 1923 - Hovhannes Tumanyan, Ermeni şair ve romancı (d. 1869)
 1945 - Napier Shaw, İngiliz meteorolog (d. 1854)
 1946 - Gilbert Lewis, Amerikalı kimyager (d. 1875)
 1951 - Erich Neumann, bir Nazi politikacıydı (d. 1892)
 1953 - Raoul Dufy, Fransız ressam (d. 1877)
 1956 - Evariste Lévi-Provençal, Fransız Orta Çağ tarihçisi, oryantalist, Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı uzmanı ve İslam tarihçisi (d. 1894)
 1958 - Florian Znaniecki, Polonyalı filozof ve sosyolog (d. 1882)
 1960 - Said Nursi, İslam düşünürü ve tefsir yazarı (Risale-i Nur Külliyatı'nın yazarı ve Nur Cemaati'nin kurucu lideri) (d. 1878)
 1963 - Thoralf Skolem, Norveçli matematikçi (d. 1887)
 1964 - Peter Lorre, Avusturya-Macaristan asıllı Amerikalı aktör (d. 1904)
 1964 - Mehmet Necati Lugal, Türk edebiyat profesörü (d. 1878)
 1968 - Edwin O'Connor, Amerikalı gazeteci, romancı ve radyo yorumcusu (d. 1918)
 1973 - Şevkiye May, Türk tiyatro, operet ve sinema oyuncusu (d. 1915)
 1980 - Arthur Melvin Okun, Amerikalı ekonomist (d. 1928)
 1981 - Beatrice Tinsley, İngiltere doğumlu Yeni Zelandalı astronom ve kozmologtur (d. 1941)
 1986 - Étienne Mattler, Fransız eski millî futbolcu (d. 1905)
 1986 - Anastasiya Platonovna Zuyeva, Sovyet oyuncu (d. 1896)
 1987 - Nevzat Süer, Türk satranç oyuncusu (d. 1925)
 1990 - John Dexter, İngiliz tiyatro, film ve opera yönetmeni (d. 1925)
 1992 - Friedrich August von Hayek, Avusturyalı ekonomist ve Nobel Ekonomi Ödülü sahibi (d. 1899)
 1992 - İzzet Kezer, Türk gazeteci (d. 1954)
 1993 - Robert Crichton, Amerikalı roman yazarı (d. 1925)
 1994 - Giulietta Masina, İtalyan aktris (d. 1921)
 1995 - Cevad Memduh Altar, Türk sanat tarihçisi (d. 1902)
 2006 - Desmond Doss, Birleşik Devletler Ordusu onbaşısı idi (d. 1919)
 2006 - Pío Leyva, Kübalı müzisyen (d. 1917)
 2011 - Jean Bartik, Amerikalı yazılımcı (d. 1924)
 2011 - Ali Teoman, Türk yazar (d. 1962)
 2011 - Elizabeth Taylor, İngiliz aktris ve En İyi Kadın Oyuncu Akademi Ödülü sahibi (d. 1932)
 2012 - Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Somalili politikacı ve 6. Devlet Başkanı (d. 1934)
 2012 - Naci Talib, Iraklı siyasetçi (d. 1917)
 2013 - Boris Berezovski, Rus milyarder iş insanı, matematikçi (d. 1946)
 2014 - Adolfo Suárez, İspanyol siyasetçi (d. 1932)
 2015 - Lil' Chris, İngiliz pop-rock şarkıcısı (d. 1990)
 2015 - Søren Kam, II. Dünya Savaşı sırasında Nazi Almanyası'nın Waffen-SS'sinde bir Danimarkalı komutandı (d. 1921)
 2015 - Lee Kuan Yew, Singapurlu devlet adamı (d. 1923)
 2015 - Michael Laurence, Avustralyalı aktör, yapımcı, yönetmen ve senarist (d. 1935)
 2016 - Jimmy Riley, Jamaikalı şarkıcı ve müzisyen (d. 1954)
 2016 - Tom Whedon, Amerikalı senarist (d. 1932)
 2017 - Lola Albright, Amerikalı oyuncu ve şarkıcı (d. 1924)
 2017 - Julien Serge Doubrovsky, Fransız yazar (d. 1928)
 2017 - Meir Einstein, İsrailli spor gazetecisi ve yayıncı (d. 1951)
 2017 - William Henry Keeler, Amerikalı kardinal (d. 1931)
 2017 - Denis McGrath, Kanadalı-Amerikalı televizyon yapımcısı, yazar ve senarist (d. 1968)
 2017 - Cino Tortorella, İtalyan Tv sunucusu, oyuncu ve yapımcı (d. 1927)
 2017 - Denis Nikolayeviç Voronenkov, Rus siyasetçi (d. 1971)
 2018 - Ercüment Balakoğlu, Türk sinema ve dizi oyuncusu (d. 1937)
 2018 - DuShon Monique Brown, Amerikalı oyuncudur (d. 1968)
 2018 - Debbie Lee Carrington, Amerikalı dublör komedyen ve oyuncu (d. 1959)
 2018 - Alberto Ongaro, İtalyan gazeteci, çizgi romancı ve yazardır (d. 1925)
 2018 - Delores Taylor, Amerikalı oyuncu (d. 1932)
 2019 - Lawrence G. Cohen, Amerikalı film yapımcısı, yönetmeni ve senarist (d. 1941)
 2019 - Lina Çeryazova, Özbek serbest stil kadın kayakçı (d. 1968)
 2019 - Jacques Dessemme, Eski Fransız erkek basketbol oyuncusudur (d. 1925)
 2019 - Denise DuBarry, Amerikalı oyuncu, iş insanı, film yapımcısı ve hayırsever (d. 1956)
 2019 - Rafi Eitan, İsrailli siyasetçi ve istihbaratçıdır (d. 1926)
 2020 - Maurice Berger, Amerikalı sanat tarihçisi, küratör, yazar ve eleştirmen (d. 1956)
 2020 - Lucia Bosè, İtalyan aktris ve model (d. 1931)
 2020 - Carole Brookins, Dünya Bankası'nın Amerikalı yönetici direktörü ve küresel politik ekonomi uzman (d. 1943)
 2020 - Brian Crowe, İngiliz diplomat (d. 1938)
 2020 - Borja Domecq Solis, İspanyol iş insanı ve çiftlik sahibi (d. 1945)
 2020 - José Folgado, İspanyol iş insanı ve siyasetçi (d. 1944)
 2020 - Paul Karslak, İngiliz sanatçı, ressam (d. 1953)
 2020 - Zororo Makamba, Zimbabveli gazeteci (d. 1990)
 2020 - Alan Ortiz, Filipin politikaçı (d. 1953)
 2020 - Usama Riaz, Pakistanlı hekim (d. 1994)
 2020 - Calogero Rizzuto, İtalyan mimar ve tarihi koruma uzmanı (d. 1955)
 2020 - Walter Robb, Amerikalı mühendis, yönetici ve hayırsever (d. 1928)
 2020 - Mary Roman, Amerikalı emekli Olimpiyat atleti ve grup lideri (d. 1935)
 2020 - Lucien Sève, Fransız filozof, komünist siyasetçi, aktivist ve politika yazarı (d. 1926)
 2020 - Júlia Sigmond, Macar-Rumen kukla sanatçısı, Esperanto dilinde yazan yazar ve yayıncı (d. 1929)
 2020 - Nashom Wooden, Afrikalı-Amerikalı sanatçı (d. 1969)
 2021 - Basrief Arief, Endonezyalı savcıdır (d. 1947)
 2021 - George Segal, Jr., Amerikalı tiyatro, sinema, dizi oyuncusu, seslendirme sanatçısı, komedyen ve müzisyen (d. 1934)
 2021 - Irena Vrkljan, Hırvat yazar ve çevirmen (d. 1930)
 2022 - Amina Mohamed Abdi, Somalili siyasetçi (d. 1981)
 2022 - Madeleine Albright, Amerikalı siyasetçi ve 64. ABD Dışişleri bakanı (d. 1937)
 2023 - Souhila Belbahar, Cezayirli ressam (d. 1934)
 2023 - Marion Game, Fransız aktris (d. 1938)

Tatiller ve özel günler
 Dünya Meteoroloji Günü
 Kozkavuran Fırtınası

0323
23

23 Mart


Biskupijsko-misijsko sjemenište Redemptoris Mater, rimokatoličko misijsko sjemenište Pulsko-porečke biskupije u Puli, Rizzijeva 24-26.

Osnovao ga je biskup mons. Antun Bogetić 8. prosinca 1991. godine za pripadnike Neokatekumenskog puta. Sjemeništarci su bili smješteni po obiteljima. Akademske godine 1991./92. i 1992./93. išli su u Rijeku na bogosloviju. Porečko-pulska biskupija je u međuvremenu dobila neke vojne objekte iz bivše vojarne "Pajo Širola", koji su preuređeni za prebivalište poglavara i bogoslova. 30. rujna 1993. mons. Bogetić osnovao je i Visoku teološku školu u sjemeništu RM, tako da od školske godine 1993./94. bogoslovi Redemptoris Materea ne polaze bogosloviju u Rijeci. Godine 1997. postavljen je kamen temeljac za gradnju novog kompleksa sjemeništa. Gradnja je trajala sedam godina, pomagali su ju razni dobročinitelji i nova zgrada inaugurirana je 26. ožujka 2004. svečanim obredom koji je predvodio kardinal Josip Bozanić u prisustvu desetorice biskupa. Do danas je u sjemeništu zarađeno 52 svećenika iz petnaestak nacija, a djeluju u desetak biskupija na tri kontinenta – u Italiji, Albaniji, Kanadi, Filipinima, Boliviji. Sjemenište u Puli je po svojoj naravi međunarodno. Život u sjemeništu temelji se na riječi, liturgiji i zajedništvu. Bogoslovi podijeljeni su u tri skupine izmjenjujući se u služenju u školi, kuhinji i liturgiji. Dnevni red obilježen je molitvom časova. Specifičnost formacije je i to da svi bogoslovi dvaput tjedno idu u Neokatekumenske zajednice nastavljajući tako Neokatekumenski put, koji su započeli u svojim župama i gdje se rodio njihov poziv. Svake noći s petka na subotu, bogoslovi se, po dvojica, izmjenjuju pred Presvetim Sakramentom moleći za sebe, dobročinitelje i za sve druge potrebe. sjemenište jedno je od osamdeset i pet sjemeništa ove vrste na svijetu. Nastalo je kao i sva sjemeništa Redemptoris Mater, kao odgovor na poziv sada blaženog Ivana Pavla II. za Novom Evagelizacijom.

Izvori

Pula
Crkveno školstvo u Hrvatskoj
Sjemeništa u Hrvatskoj
Neokatekumenski put

Biskupijsko-misijsko sjemenište Redemptoris Mater u Puli


Yaël Joalland, né le , est un coureur cycliste français. Il évolue au sein de l'équipe CIC U Nantes Atlantique.

Biographie
Après pratiqué divers sports (football, athlétisme, judo), Yaël Joalland se tourne vers le cyclisme en 2012 au sein de l'US Pontchâtelaine. Son père Florian est un ancien cycliste amateur de bon niveau, tout comme son frère aîné Killian.

Il quitte les rangs juniors en 2019 et intègre le Vélo Club Pays de Loudéac, alors réserve de l'équipe professionnelle Vital Concept-B&B Hotels. Il décide ensuite de rejoindre le CC Étupes en 2020, afin de disposer d'un meilleur calendrier de courses en montagne. Dans une saison perturbée par la pandémie de Covid-19, il se distingue en terminant dixième de la Ronde de l'Isard. En 2021, il se classe quatrième d'une étape sur le Tour de la Vallée d'Aoste, mais également sixième de la Ronde de l'Isard (quatrième au sommet du plateau de Beille) et onzième de Liège-Bastogne-Liège espoirs.

Remarqué par ses qualités de grimpeur, il passe professionnel en 2022 au sein du Team U Nantes Atlantique, qui crée son équipe continentale. Il reprend la compétition dès le mois de janvier lors du Grand Prix La Marseillaise.

Palmarès et résultats

Palmarès par année
 2021
  du championnat de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté espoirs

Classements mondiaux

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureur cycliste français
Naissance en septembre 2000

Yaël Joalland


Frenderupgård er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1981 instrueret af Otto Techlers.

Handling
Filmen fortæller om udviklings- og behandlingskollektiverne, hvordan de lever og arbejder, de pædagogiske mål, midler og metoder.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1981

Frenderupgård


Phlyctidocarpa,  rod štitarki smješten u vlastiti tribus Phlyctidocarpeae. Jedina je vrsta P. flava, endem iz Namibije.

To je jednogodišnja biljka i prvenstveno raste u pustinjskim ili suhim biomima grmlja.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Saniculoideae
Endemska flora Namibije

Phlyctidocarpa


Horné Dubové este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Trnava din regiunea Trnava. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 379 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu Dolné Dubové, Naháč, Horná Krupá, Dolná Krupá, Kátlovce și Dechtice.

Istoric
Localitatea Horné Dubové este atestată documentar din 1262.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Horné Dubové


Loissin er en by og kommune i det nordøstlige Tyskland, beliggende i Amt Lubmin i den nordvestlige del af Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald. Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald ligger i delstaten Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

Geografi
Loissin er beliggende mellem Greifswald og Lubmin på Østersøkysten ved Dänische Wiek og Greifswalder Bodden. Cirka 15 kilometer vest for kommunen ligger byen Greifswald og seks kilometer mod øst ligger amtets administrationsby Lubmin. Nordvest i kommunen findes Naturschutzgebiet Lanken.

I kommunen ligger ud over Loissin, landsbyerne Gahlkow og Ludwigsburg.

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

 Kommunens side på amtets websted
 Befolkningsstatistik mm

Byer i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Kommuner i Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Amt Lubmin
Byer i Kreis Vorpommern-Greifswald

Loissin