Goldbach hipotezi ya da Goldbach sayısı, sayılar teorisindeki ve tüm matematikteki en eski ve en çok bilinen çözülmemiş problemlerden biridir. Hipotezde:

2'den büyük her çift tam sayı, iki asalın toplamı olarak ifade edilebilir.

Bu hipotezin 4 × 1018den küçük tüm sayılar için geçerli olduğu gösterilse de, önemli çabalara rağmen kanıtlanamamıştır.

Tarihi
7 Haziran 1742 tarihinde, Alman matematikçi Christian Goldbach, Leonhard Euler'e yazdığı bir mektupta, sayılar kuramının çözüme varılamamış konularından birine işaret etmiştir. Goldbach, "İki asal sayının toplamı şeklinde yazılabilen her tam sayı, aynı zamanda şartlar uygunsa ikiden daha çok asal sayı tarafından da yazılabilir." demiştir.

Daha sonra bu varsayımını yeterli bulmamış, düzeltmeye gitmiştir. "2'den büyük her tam sayı 3 asal sayının toplamından bulunabilir." Burada Goldbach, '1' sayısını da asal sayılara dahil ederek böyle bir çıkarımda bulunmuştur.

Euler'in cevabı, 30 Haziran 1742'de gelmiştir. Demektedir ki; "2'den büyük her çift tam sayı, iki asal sayının toplamından bulunabilir."

İşlemler ve doğruluğuna yönelik iddiaları kuvvetlendiren çözümler
Temel olarak dikkatle bakacak olursak bu proje matematiğin en temelindeki bilgileri başlangıç noktası olarak görmüştür. TOPLAMA işlemini…

Goldbach'ın bu hipotezinden yola çıkılarak yapılan ikinci saptamaya uygulanabilirliği açısından daha çok sahip çıkılmıştır. Çünkü akıldan hesaplanma kolaylığı sınırını ilerlettikçe, üç sayının toplamıyla uğraşmak, iki sayının toplamıyla uğraşmaktan daha zor ve çetrefilli bir hal alacaktır.

Yapılan açıklamanın pek de karmaşık olmayan sayılarla verilmiş bir örneğini aşağıda görebiliriz:

6 = 3 + 3
8 = 3 + 5
10 = 3 + 7
12 = 5 + 7
14 = 3 + 11
16 = 3 + 13
18 = 5 + 13
20 = 3 + 17
22 = 3 + 19
24 = 5 + 19
26 = 3 + 23
28 = 5 + 23
.
.
.

Dünyadaki tüm Goldbach sayılarının hesaplamaları el yordamıyla gerçekleştirilemez. Hipotezin daha deneysel araştırmalarına göz atılması gerekmektedir.

Hipotezin yıllar içerisindeki gelişimi
Euler, Goldbach'ın bu hipotezine ikna olmuştur ancak bu varsayımı ispatlayamamıştır. 1923 yılında, Hardy ve Littlewood isimli matematikçiler, bu varsayımı büyük tek sayıları kullanarak kısmen ispatlamışlardır. Bu kısmi ispata göz atacak olursak;

"Bir N0 alınır ve tüm tek n sayıları bu N0'dan büyüktürler. Bunun yanında bu n'ler 3 asal sayının toplamına eşittir."

Rus matematikçi Vinogradov, 1937 ila 1954 yılları arasında yaptığı çalışmalarla, tekrar ilk varsayımı – kısmen ispatlanan kısmı yine tüm sayılar âlemini içine alamadan kanıtlamıştır -ki bu da bir diğer kısmi ispattır. Burada büyük tek rakamları ve analitik metotları kullanarak sonuca ulaşmıştır. n0'ın hesaplanması sonucu 3^3^15 değerini bulduğumuzda çıkan sonuç 6.846.169 basamaklı bir sayı olmuştur. Bu da Ribenboim'in 1988 ila 1995 yılları arasında yaptığı çalışmalarla doğrulanmıştır.

1966 yılında Chen Jingrun adlı Çinli matematikçi de kanıtlamıştır ki; her yüksek mertebeli çift sayı, aynı zamanda iki asal sayıdan fazla olmayacak sayıların toplamı şeklinde ifade edilebilir.

Goldbach'ın hipotezi sadece tek bir kişi tarafından kabaca ifadelerle kanıtlanabilmiştir. Bu ispata dair; 130 CPU saati kullanılarak, IBM 3083 Sinisalo'da 4*10^11. sayıya kadar gelinebilmiştir. Bunu kullanmasına rağmen Sinisalo, Q Basic programı deneme birimlerini işleterek aynı stratejiyi ele almıştır. Bu izlek tek numaraların alınmasını içerir. Küçük asal sayıları bulmak için (3'ten n/2'ye kadar olan sayıları) tek sayılar olarak almıştır. Eğer p asal sayıysa, bunların farkı n-p'dir ve bu da asallık için test edilmiştir. Eğer bu fark asal ise işlem tamamlanır ve bir çift bulunur. İlk bulunan çift de minimum Goldbach kısmi değeridir.

Eğer Goldbach'ın hipotezi doğruysa, herhangi çift bir n için; q=n-p asal sayı denklemini doğrulayan herhangi bir n çift sayısı ve p asal sayısı vardır. Goldbach bölünmesi n=p+q olarak da gösterilebilir. P ve q asal sayılardır. Goldbach ayrışımında en küçük asal sayı ayrılmış fonksiyon g(n) ile gösterilebilir.

Grafikteki notlardan emin olmak için, burada çok fazla sayıda dikey bir abartı vardır. Grafikteki her koyu bant asal sayıları göstermektedir: 3,5,7,11, … .  Bu noktada biraz kafa karıştırıcıdır. Öyleyse tabloda n'in sürekli artan minimum değer serilerine bakılır.

Tablo n'in 1.000.000.000'dan küçük olan değerlerini göstermektedir. Son kolon ise g(n)/n oranını göstermektedir. Bu oran kısmen ilgi çekicidir çünkü bize g(n)'in maksimum değerlerini göstermektedir ve görülüyor ki g(n) her koşulda kendinden önce gelen sayıdan azdır. g(n) minimum Goldbach kısımlarının üzerinden sınır koyar.

Minimum Goldbach kısımlarının değerlerinin n < 1.000.000.000 için gösterimi

Minimum Goldbach bölümlerine grafik olarak baktığımızda görürüz ki; n, 1.000.000.000'dan küçüktür ve burada ilginç bir ilişki gözlemlenir. Uygunluk ve çeviriye yardım için y doğrultusu g(n) iken, x doğrultusu da log 10(n) şeklinde gösterilir.

Olasılığın 1 olmasına ulaşamazsak burada bir tek top sayı, aralık içinde asal sayı çifti oluşturmuyor demektir. Bu da bir ispat değildir ancak hipotezin doğru yolda olduğunu düşündürür.

Kaynakça

Analitik sayı teorisi
Asal sayılar ile ilgili konjektürler
Hilbert problemleri

Goldbach hipotezi


Lemvigvej  er en to sporet omfartsvej der går syd om Lemvig. Vejen er en del af sekundærrute 513 der går imellem Herrup og Klinkby.

Den er med til at lede trafikken der skal mod  Thyborøn, Struer eller Holstebro uden om Lemvig Centrum, så byen ikke bliver belastet af for meget trafik.

Vejen forbinder Sønderbjerg i øst, og Romvej i vest, og har forbindelse til Ringkøbingvej, Industrivej og Heldumvej. Rute 513 fortsætter østover som Sønderbjerg og svinger nordover ned i dalen i det østlige Lemvig inden ruten drejer mod øst igen, som Østerbjerg, og fortsætter mod Struer hvor den ender på primærrute 11.

Kilder

Vej (Lemvig)
Omfartsveje i Danmark

Lemvigvej (Lemvig)


The Legend of Zelda: Phantom Hourglass er en action-adventurespil udviklet og udgivet af Nintendo til Nintendo DS. Spillet er det fjortende i The Legend of Zelda-serien og efterfølgeren til The Wind Waker fra 2002. Phantom Hourglass blev udgivet i Japan i juni 2007; i Nordamerika, Australien og Europa i oktober 2007; og i Korea i april 2008. Spillet blev genudgivet til Wii U via Virtual Console-tjenesten i PAL-regionen i november 2015 og i Nordamerika i maj 2016.

Spillet indeholder 3D cel-shaded grafik med kamera i fugleperspektiv, beskæftiger kontrolforanstaltninger, der omfatter konsollens touchscreen og mikrofon, og brugte Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection til online spil. Spillets historie følger af The Wind Waker, der fokuserer på Links rejse for at redde sin ven Tetra fra historiens antagonist, Bellum, med hjælp fra kaptajn Linebeck og hans skib, S.S. Linebeck.

Kritikerne var positive over for Phantom Hourglass. Spillets kontrolordning blev rost, mens kritikken fokuserede på spillets onlinefunktioner, som blev anset for at være simple. Spillet modtog flere priser for videospilindustrien, herunder Nintendo DS Game of the Year fra GameSpot, GameSpy og IGN. Phantom Hourglass var den bedst sælgende spillet i sin første måned i Japan, med 302,887 solgte eksemplarer. I USA var spillet det femte bedst sælgende spilet i måneden det debuterede, med 262,800 solgte eksemplarer. 4.13 millioner eksemplarer af Phantom Hourglass blev solgt på verdensplan fra marts 2008.

Eksterne henvisninger

Phantom Hourglass
Nintendo DS-spil
Virtual Console-spil til Wii U

The Legend of Zelda: Phantom Hourglass


Vivienne Frances Faull (née le ) est une évêque anglicane britannique et Lord Spiritual. Depuis 2018, elle est évêque de Bristol. En 1985, elle est la première femme à être nommée aumônière d'un collège d'Oxbridge . Elle est ensuite doyenne de la cathédrale et la seule femme prévôte de la cathédrale de l'histoire de l'Église d'Angleterre, ayant été prévôte de Leicester de 2000 à 2002.

Jeunesse
Faull est née le 20 mai 1955 . Elle fait ses études à la Queen's School de Chester, une école indépendante réservée aux filles . Elle étudie au St Hilda's College d'Oxford et obtient en 1977 un baccalauréat ès arts (BA) puis un Master of Arts (MA Oxon) en 1982. Lorsqu'elle commence à étudier la théologie au St John's College de Nottingham, elle devient la première femme à être payée par l'Église d'Angleterre pour le faire .

Carrière ecclésiastique
Faull est acceptée en tant que diaconesse dans l'Église d'Angleterre en 1982, et ordonnée en tant que diacre en 1987 et en tant que prêtre en 1994 . Elle sert d'abord à l'église St Matthew and St James, Mossley Hill, Liverpool, puis comme aumônier au Clare College, Cambridge. De 1990 à 1994, elle fait partie du personnel de la Cathédrale de Gloucester . En 1994, elle devient chanoine pasteur à la cathédrale de Coventry, puis vice-prévôte, avant de partir à Leicester en 2000 .

Le 13 mai 2000  elle est installée en tant que prévôt de la cathédrale de Leicester  - la première (et, en raison de la mesure des cathédrales de 1999 redésignant tous les prévôts de la cathédrale en tant que doyens, uniquement) femme prévôte de la cathédrale dans l'histoire de l'Église d'Angleterre. En 2002, lorsque son titre de poste (mais pas la nature essentielle du rôle) change, elle devient doyenne de Leicester – et donc, avec ce changement de titre, la première femme doyenne de l'Église d'Angleterre.

Le 5 juillet 2012 elle est nommée Doyen d'York, prenant son poste fin 2012  étant installée à la Cathédrale d'York le  décembre .

Faull est alors considérée par beaucoup comme l'une des principales candidates pour être la première femme nommée évêque dans l'Église d'Angleterre  lorsque le droit canonique est modifié en 2014 pour autoriser les femmes évêques , mais la première femme à être nommée évêque est Libby Lane . Faull devient finalement la  femme évêque en 2018.

Le 15 mai 2018, elle est nommée évêque de Bristol, l'évêque diocésain du diocèse de Bristol, en remplacement de Mike Hill . Elle prend officiellement ses fonctions lorsqu'elle est élue et confirmée le 25 juin 2018 . Le 3 juillet 2018, elle est consacrée évêque par Justin Welby, l'archevêque de Cantorbéry, lors d'un service à Cathédrale Saint-Paul de Londres . Elle est installée en tant que  évêque de Bristol à la cathédrale de Bristol le 20 octobre 2018 et présentée en tant que Lord Spiritual à la Chambre des lords le 23 octobre .

Les vues de Faull sont décrites comme « centristes à libérales » et comme « évangéliques ouvertes » . Elle soutient la bénédiction des partenariats homosexuels.

Références

Liens externes

Évêque de Bristol
Doyen de York
Étudiant de St Hilda's College
Naissance en mai 1955

Vivienne Faull


Alexander Albon (London, Engleska, Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo, 23. ožujka 1996.) tajlandski je vozač Formule 1 za momčad Williams F1.

Početak utrkivanja

Karting
Albon je nastupao u kartingu od 2006. do 2011., gdje je osvojio osam naslova prvaka u raznim kategorijama. Prve naslove je osvojio u Kartmasters British Grand Prix - Comer Cadet i Super 1 National Honda Cadet prvenstvu 2006. Sljedeće 2007. osvojio je titulu viceprvaka u Super 1 National Comer Cadet prvenstvu, a sljedeće 2008. naslov prvaka u Kartmasters British Grand Prix - KF3 prvenstvu i titulu viceprvaka u BRDC Stars of Tomorrow KF3 prvenstvu. Godine 2009. osvaja naslove prvaka u kategorijama Formula Kart Stars - KF3, Super 1 National KF3 i KF Winter Series - KF3. Godine 2010. osvaja naslove prvaka u CIK-FIA World Cup - KF3 prvenstvu ispred Maxa Verstappena i CIK-FIA European Championship - KF3 prvenstvu ispred Pierrea Gaslyja. U posljednjoj 2011. osvaja dvije titule viceprvaka u CIK-FIA World Championship kategoriji, i WSK Euro Series - KF1 prvenstvu, oba puta iza Nycka de Vriesa.

Formula Renault
Albon je od 2012. do 2014. paralelno nastupao u Eurocup Formuli Renault 2.0 i Sjevernoeuropskoj Formuli Renault 2.0.

Eurocup Formula Renault 2.0

Sjevernoeuropska Formula Renault 2.0

Europska Formula 3

GP3 Series

Formula 2

ART Grand Prix (2017.)

2017.

DAMS (2018.)
2018.

Formula 1

Toro Rosso (2019.)
2019.

Red Bull (2019. – 2020.)

2019.

2020.

Williams (2022.)
2022.

Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Alexander Albon - Driver Database
Alexander Albon - Stats F1

Vozači Formule 1

Alexander Albon


مثلث رولو  هو منحني ذو عرض ثابت بحيث أنه منحني تكون جميع أطوال أقطاره بأطوال متساوية.
سمي هذا المثلث على اسم المهندس الألماني فرانس رولو  الذي عمل على الآلات التي تنقل الحركة من نوع لآخر.

مراجع

أنواع المثلثات
مثلثات
مضلعات
منحنيات

مثلث رولو


César-François Cassini de Thury (17 June 1714 – 4 September 1784), also called Cassini III or Cassini de Thury, was a French astronomer and cartographer.

Biography

Cassini de Thury was born in Thury-sous-Clermont, in the Oise department, the second son of Jacques Cassini and Suzanne Françoise Charpentier de Charmois. He was a grandson of Giovanni Domenico Cassini, and would become the father of Jean-Dominique Cassini, Comte de Cassini.

In 1739, he became a member of the French Academy of Sciences as a supernumerary adjunct astronomer, in 1741 as an adjunct astronomer, and in 1745 as a full member astronomer.

In January, 1751 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Cassini de Thury succeeded to his father's official position in 1756 and continued the hereditary surveying operations. In 1744, he began the construction of a great topographical map of France, one of the landmarks in the history of cartography. Completed by his son Jean-Dominique,  and published by the Académie des Sciences from 1744 to 1793, its 180 plates are known as the Cassini map (fr).

The post of director of the Paris Observatory was created for his benefit in 1771 when the establishment ceased to be a dependency of the French Academy of Sciences. A letter and proposal sent by Cassini de Thury to the Royal Society in London instigated the Anglo-French Survey (1784–1790), which measured the precise distance between the Paris Observatory and the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, by way of a trigonometric survey.

His chief works are: La méridienne de l'Observatoire Royal de Paris (1744), an arc measurement correction of the Paris meridian (Dunkirk-Collioure arc measurement (Cassini de Thury and de Lacaille)); Description géométrique de la terre (1775); and Description géométrique de la France (1784), which was completed by his son ("").

César-François Cassini de Thury died of smallpox in Paris on 4 September 1784.

Works
La méridienne de l'Observatoire Royal de Paris (1744)
Description géométrique de la terre (1775)
Description géométrique de la France (1784)

Bibliography

D. Aubin, Femmes, vulgarisation et pratique des sciences au siècle des Lumières : Les Dialogues sur l'astronomie et la Lettre sur la figure de la Terre de César-François Cassini de Thury, Brepols (2020)

See also

Cassini projection

References

External links
 List of online works available on Gallica
 Cassini map online on EHESS site
 cartocassini site, gathers old maps and allows for various manipulations, notably finding all Cassini maps in Gallica
 Cassini map in Géoportail (IGN)
 Cassini map superimposed over Google Maps' map of France - David Rumsey
 Paris Observatory digital library

1714 births
1784 deaths
Giovanni Domenico Cassini
Scientists from Paris
18th-century French astronomers
18th-century French cartographers
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Fellows of the Royal Society
Deaths from smallpox
Infectious disease deaths in France
French geodesists

César-François Cassini de Thury


Água Rasa est un district de la municipalité de São Paulo, au Brésil. Il appartient à la fois au soi-disant Centre élargi, du côté ouest de l'avenue Salim Farah Maluf, et à la Zone 4 (est), à l'est de la même voie. Le district, dont le nom signifie Eau peu profonde, a été nommé d'après le ruisseau Tatuapé.

Toponyme
C'est le ruisseau Tatuapé, dont le lit était extrêmement peu profond, qui a donné son nom à Água Rasa. À la fin des années 1980, l'avenue Salim Farah Maluf sera construite sur ce cours d'eau.

Histoire
Le district est né d'une ferme qui appartenait à João Mariano, vendue au Père Diogo Feijó, l'une des figures les plus importantes de l'Empire. La transaction eut lieu en 1829. Feijó a baptisé le quartier Chácara Paraíso et aujourd'hui la maison du prêtre, classée propriété classée, se trouve dans le quartier voisin de Jardim Anália Franco, sur l'avenue qui porte aujourd'hui le nom de son célèbre propriétaire.

Caractéristiques
Administrativement, Água Rasa fait partie de la sous-préfecture de Mooca. Au recensement de 2000, elle avait une population de .

Il a  de surface et est divisé par quelques grandes et larges avenues, telles que Salim Farah Maluf, Sapopemba, avenue Regente Feijó et avenue Vereador Abel Ferreira, faisant perdre dans une large mesure la notion de continuité physique du quartier.

Le profil urbain du quartier est raisonnablement homogène, tant commercial que résidentiel. Cependant, la plupart des commerces sont situés dans les grandes avenues de la région, laissant la plupart des lots existants entre ces avenues, en zones résidentielles. Le quartier présente un certain degré de verticalisation dans les quartiers Água Rasa, Alto da Mooca et Vila Regente Feijó, quartiers adjacents respectivement aux quartiers Mooca et Tatuapé, avec des copropriétés de moyen et haut de gamme, malgré la prédominance des maisons bourgeoises et des maisons de ville. Il n'y a pas de bidonvilles dans le district.

Dans le quartier de Quarta Parada, adjacent aux quartiers de Mooca, Belém et Tatuapé, se trouve le Cimetière de Quarta Parada.

C'est dans le quartier que se trouve le siège du Sítio do Capão, construit en pisé et pilon, et une maçonnerie en brique datant du . C'était l'une des résidences du Père Feijó. Il a été classé par le Conseil pour la défense du patrimoine historique, artistique, archéologique et touristique de l'État de São Paulo (Condephaat) en 1984.

Limites
 Nord : Rua Itamaracá, Avenue Álvaro Ramos, Rua Florindo Braz, Avenue Salim Farah Maluf, Rua Demétrio Ribeiro, Praça Ituzaingó, Rua Barão do Cerro Largo, Rua Bento Gonçalves.
 Est : Praça 20 de Janeiro, Rua da Meação, Rua Guandu, Avenue Vereador Abel Ferreira, Rua Miranda Jordão, Avenue Sapopemba, Rua Antônio Gomes.
 Sud : Avenue Vila Ema.
 Ouest : Rua do Oratório, Rua Fernando Falcão.

Districts limitrophes
 Belém et Tatuapé (Nord).
 Vila Formosa (Est)
 São Lucas (Sud-est).
 Vila Prudente (Sud, Sud-ouest).
 Mooca (Ouest).

Quartiers
 Água Rasa
 Alto da Mooca (partie)
 Chácara Mafalda
 Chácara Paraíso
 Jardim Guanabara
 Jardim Haddad (partie)
 Jardim Itália
 Jardim Silveira (partie)
 Parque Sevilha
 Vila Bertioga
 Vila Canero
 Vila Celeste
 Vila Cláudia
 Vila Clotilde
 Vila Diva
 Vila Graciosa
 Vila Invernada
 Vila Leme
 Vila Libanesa
 Vila Lucia Elvira
 Vila Oratório
 Vila Paulina
 Vila Regente Feijó
 Vila Rio Branco
 Vila Santa Clara

Tourisme
 Shopping Anália Franco
 Maison du régent Feijó

Métro de São Paulo
Selon le projet Expansão SP, le quartier sera desservi par la ligne 2 - Verte du métro de São Paulo, avec la future station Santa Clara.

Curiosités
Le siège du site de Capão est situé à Água Rasa, une construction en pisé et pilon et maçonnerie en briques datant du . Aujourd'hui, il fait partie du patrimoine de l'Associação Lar Anália Franco et est classé par le Conseil pour la défense du patrimoine historique, artistique, archéologique et touristique de l'État de São Paulo (Condephaat) depuis 1984.

Le père Feijó a donné son nom à un petit quartier du district d'Água Rasa.

Le livre Guia dos Curiosos révèle que l'avenue Sapopemba, située dans la zone Est de la ville de São Paulo, est considérée comme la plus longue du Brésil. Elle fait  de long, dont  de cette extension sont situés dans la municipalité de São Paulo, joignant le district d'Água Rasa à la municipalité de Ribeirão Pires.

Voir aussi
 Liste des districts de São Paulo
 Liste des districts de São Paulo par population (recensement de 2010)
 Liste des districts de São Paulo par zone territoriale
 Subdivisions de São Paulo
 Liste des bureaux de l'état civil de la ville de São Paulo
 Liste des districts de São Paulo par indice de développement humain

Notes et références

District à São Paulo

Água Rasa


Prof John William Heslop Harrison, FRS FRSE (1881–1967), was Professor of Botany at King's College, Durham University (now Newcastle University). He enjoyed a brilliant career, specialising in the genetics of moths, but is now best remembered for an alleged academic fraud.

Early life and education
He was born in Birtley on 22 January 1881, the son of George Heslop-Harrison, a pattern-maker at Birtley Iron Works. He was educated at Bede College School in Durham then Rutherford School for Boys in Newcastle upon Tyne. His mother was a keen gardener, and other influences such as his uncle, Rev J E Hull, and neighbour, Charles Robson, led him to an early interest in botany and natural history.

He then studied at Durham College of Science, graduating BSc in 1903. He did further postgraduate study at the University of Newcastle gaining an MSc in 1916 and doctorate (DSc) in 1917.

In 1921 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Hartley Ashworth, Sir Thomas Hudson Beare, Percy Hall Grimshaw, and James Ritchie. He served as the Society's Vice-President 1945–1948. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1928.

He died in Birtley, Tyne and Wear on 23 January 1967.

Career

From 1903 to 1905 he was a schoolmaster in Gateshead and then until 1917 in Middlesbrough.

In 1917 he began lecturing in Genetics and Botany at the University of Newcastle being given a professorship in 1927. He remained in this role until retiring in 1946.

Rùm

In 1948 he was accused by John Raven, a University of Cambridge classics tutor, of making false claims to have discovered certain plant species on the island of Rùm on the west coast of Scotland. Whether or not such grasses were on Rùm is pivotal to a theory that the islands escaped the last ice age. The fraud claim is described – and its veracity supported – in Karl Sabbagh's 1999 book, A Rum Affair. In 2008 further proof about the forgeries committed by Heslop-Harrison emerged.

Lamarckian experiments

Heslop Harrison was described as a loner who avoided as much contact as possible with other professionals and conducted most of his experiments at his home in Birtley, Tyne and Wear. He was a supporter of Lamarckian evolution from his experiments with moths and sawflies. According to researcher Michael A. Salmon "Heslop Harrison claimed to have experimental proof that physical changes in the life of an individual moth or sawfly could be passed on to its progeny, according to the theory of Lamarck... For example, Heslop Harrison thought that melanism resulted from the effect of pollution on individual moths which somehow altered their genes. When others attempted to repeat his experiment, however, they always seemed to come up with different results."

In the 1920s, Heslop Harrison conducted experiments on the peppered moth, claiming to have evidence for the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Other scientists failed to replicate his results. His experiments were criticised by J. B. S. Haldane.

Family
In 1906 he married Christian Watson Henderson. Their eldest son was George Heslop-Harrison FRSE who also came to fame as an entomologist.

Heslop Harrison's fourth son was Jack Heslop-Harrison who became director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew in 1970. His daughter Helena married the botanist William Andrew Clark.

Botanical Reference

References

1881 births
1967 deaths
Academics of Durham University
British botanists
Fellows of the Royal Society
Hoaxes in science
Lamarckism
People from Birtley, Tyne and Wear

John William Heslop-Harrison


Olaylar

 24 Ocak - Milano Kraliyet Sarayı yangın nedeniyle kül oldu.
 6 Şubat - II. Mustafa (1664-1703), amcası II. Ahmed'in yerine tahta çıktı ve 22. Osmanlı sultanı oldu.
 7 -16 Mart - İngiliz Avam Kamarası başkanı John Trevor, 1000 sterlin rüşvet almaktan suçlu bulundu ve komite kararıyla Meclisten ihraç edildi.
 14 Mart - Paul Foley, Avam Kamarasının yeni başkanı seçildi.
 29 Mayıs - Sürmeli Ali Paşa, II. Mustafa tarafından idam ettirildi
 15 Temmuz - Ruslar tarafından Azak'taki Osmanlı kalesi kuşatılmaya başlandı ancak başarısız oldu ve 2 Ekim'den sonra durduruldu.
 17 Temmuz - Bank of Scotland kuruldu.
 11 Ekim - İngiltere Kralı III. William, Avam Kamarası eski başkanı John Trevor ve diğer Tory milletvekillerinin karıştığı skandalın ardından Parlamentoyu feshetti.
 31 Aralık - III. William, İngiltere'de pencere vergisi uygulamaya başladı. Bu vergi sebebiyle bazı evlerin pencereleri tuğla ile örülmüştür.

Tarihleri Bilinmiyor

 İngiltere'de küfür etmenin cezası 2 sterlin olarak uygulanmaya başlandı.
 Uzun yıllar süren inşaatı ardından Potala Sarayı tamamlandı.
 Brezilya'da altın keşfedildi.
 Johanne Nielsdatter idam edildi. Norveç'te büyücülük için uygulanmış son infazdır.

Doğumlar

 2 Mayıs - Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, Fransız mimar ve ressam.
 3 Mayıs - Henri Pitot, Fransız mühendis.

Ölümler
 6 Şubat - II. Ahmet, Osmanlı padişahı (d. 1643)
 22 Haziran - II. Süleyman - Osmanlı Padişahı (d.1642)
 8 Temmuz - Christiaan Huygens (d. 1629), Hollandalı gök bilimci, matematikçi ve fizikçi.
 21 Kasım - Henry Purcell, İngiliz besteci (d. 1659)

Kaynakça

1695


المركز الوطني للفنون والثقافات جورج بومبيدو

هو مجمع يقع في المنطقة الإدارية الرابعة  من مدينة باريس الفرنسية، بالقرب من لي هال ولي ماراي.

يحتوي المركز على:
 المكتبة العمومية للمعلومات ،
 المتحف الوطني للفنون الحديثة ،
 معهد الأبحاث والتنسيق للصوتيات والموسيقى .

سمي المركز بهذا الاسم تيمناً بجورج بومبيدو، الرئيس الفرنسي الذي حكم في الفترة ما بين 1969 إلى 1974. تم بناؤه في الفترة ما بين 1971 و1977، وقد افتتح في 31 ديسمبر 1977.

يقع مركز جورج بومبيدو للفنون والثقافة (والمركز معروف باسم بوبور، ويستقبل قرابة ال 30 الف زائر يوميا) في قلب باريس التاريخي، غير بعيد عن حي ليهال وفي منطقة مخصصة كلها للمشاة، وكان الرئيس الفرنسي الراحل جورج بومبيدو (1911-1974) قد قرر سنة 1969 إقامة مركز ثقافى هام في منطقة بوبور - وبوبور اسم حي كان يقع داخل باريس ويرجع إلى عهد فيليب أوغوست -، فتم عرض المشروع على شكل عطاء عالمي شاركت فيه قرابة 45 دولة تقدمت بـ 650 مشروع معمارى،

وبدأ العمل في شهر أبريل 1972 حسب مشروع المهندسين رينزو بيانو الإيطالي وريتشارد روجرز البريطانى وأستمر قرابة الخمس سنوات، وبالتحديد حتى 31/01/1977 حيث تم افتتاح المركز رسميا، ويشغل المبنى مساحة تقارب الألف متر مربع،

ويعتبر (تثويرا) لمفهوم المعمارية المدنية التقليدى، فهو يضع ما يوجد عادة (في الداخل) خارج هيكلية المبنى ذاته. أي أن أنابيب التهوية، والكهرباء والمصاعد الكهربائية والسلالم الآلية ظاهرة، وتأخذ مكانها بوضوح على واجهات التركيبة الهيكلية المعدنية للمبنى. وتتميز كل واحدة منها بلون معين (وبحيث يزيد التواجد الخارجي لتلك الملحقات من حجم مساحة الحيز الداخلي ويسهّل عمليات تقسيم قاعاته حسب احتياجات المعارض التي تقام فيه),

وتتمايز انابيب الملحقات البادية على الواجهة، فاللون الأزرق لأنابيب التهوية، والأصفر للكهرباء والأخضر للمياه....

ويطبق نفس التمييز باستخدام الألوان على تقسيم نشاطات المركز، فالأصفر للأماكن المشتركة، والأخضر للمكتبة العامة والأحمر للمتحف الوطني للفن الحديث،

ويضم المركز من ضمن ما يضمه هذا المتحف الهام الذي يشغل الطوابق الثلاثة العليا والذي يهتم بعرض أهم الأعمال الفنية البارزة لبعض مدارس وفناني القرن العشرين (بيكاسو - ماتيس - كاندنسكى - كليه... ومدارس التكعيبية - الوحوش -...)

بالإضافة إلى تخصيص مواسم كاملة للتركيز على أعمال فنان معين أو التركيز على فنون وثقافة بلد ما، وعلى الرغم من تفرد معمارية المركز، فأنه يظل تابعا لمفهوم المعمارية الفرنسية التقليدى، فهو تركيبة معدنية (كبرج إيفل) يبلغ وزنها 10 طن (مقابل 7 طن في برج إيفل), وتضم مكتبة المركز أكثر من مليون كتاب ووثيقة وميكروفيلم... ومعامل لتعليم معظم اللغات (مجانا)، ومكتبة وثائق سمعية بصرية.

يمكن العثور في المكتبة على عدد لابأس به من الكتب والصحف العربية، ويوجد في المركز أيضا (معهد بحوث التوافق الصوتى الموسيقى) بالإضافة إلى (مركز الإبداع الصناعي), وأمام المركز الواقع في منطقة سياحية من الدرجة الأولى، توجد ساحة ضخمة، يلتقى فيها الفنانيين والموسيقيين والمهرجين...

ويحيط بالمركز بالطبع عدد كبير من المحلات التجارية والمطاعم والمقاهى، وتلاصق المركز نافورة مائية كبيرة مزينة بالمنحوتات المعدنية الحديثة ذات الألوان الباهرة التي تستحق الزيارة. والتي تشغل معظم مساحة الميدان الواقعة فيه (ميدان إيغور سترافنسكي).

النشاطات الثقافية

التجهيزات
بعد عمليات التجديد التي تمت في عام 2000
 المتحف الوطني للفنون الحديثة ، بالإضافة لمركز للإبداعات الصناعية
يتربع على مساحة تقدر ب 15000 متر مربع ويعرض بصفة دائمة أكثر من 1330 تحفة وعمل فني من جملة تحف تقدر ب 64 603 قطعة تعود ل 5990 فنان في نهاية 2009
 المكتبة عمومية للمعلومات ،
تقدر مساحة المكتبة ب 10400 متر مربع توفر 2200 مقعد للطالعة، تضم مجموعة مختلفة تقدر ب 380000 من الوثائق الحرة الإطلاع، مكتبة وسائط للغات ومكتبة سمعيات

مكتبة كادينسكي 39  هي مكتبة متخصصة في فنون القرن العشرين، غنية ب 200000 مطبوعة يمكنها احتواء 76 قارئ على مساحة تقدر ب390 متر مربع

قاعتان للسنما ب 316 مقعد و 150 مقعد

قاعة عروض ب396 مقعد

قاعة مناظرات ب160 مقعد

مساحة مخصصة للجمهور الصغير بقاعات عرض مؤقتة وقاعات تطبيقية فنية

المركز يقترح مكتبة متخصصة ‹الفن، الهندسة المعمارية، القطع الفنية، ملصقات، صور...›
متجر لتشكيليات - مقهى - مطعم موجدون في المستوى الأخير من المزكز
 معهد الأبحاث والتنسيق للصوتيات والموسيقى .

الهندسة المعمارية
قام بتصميم المركز كلا من المهندس المعماري الإيطالي رينزو بيانو (بالإنجليزية: Renzo Piano،

والبريطانيين: الزوجان ريتشارد وسو روجرز (بالإنجليزية: Richard Rogers، Su Rogers وجيانفرانكو فرانتشيني (بالإنجليزية: Gianfranco Franchini بالإضافة إلى المهندس البريطاني الإنشائي إيدماند هابولد (بالإنجليزية:Edmund Happold

وأخيرا المهندس الأيرلندي الإنشائي بيتر رايس (بالإنجليزية: Peter Rice.

مديرى المركز
 منذ 2007 : ألان ميلر
 2002 – 2007 : برينو راسين
 1996 – 2002 : جون جاك آيلاكون
 1993 – 1996 : فرونسوا باري
 1991 – 1993 : دومينيك بوزو
 1989 – 1991 : هيلان أرويلر
 1983 – 1989 : جون مايو
 1980 – 1983 : جون كلود كروسنس
 1977 – 1980 : جون ميلر
 1976 – 1977 : روبر بوراز

عدد الزوار
عدد الزوار منذ الافتتاح
لا يدخل في الحسبان الزيارات الحرة أو الدخول للمطاعم والمقاهي لذا قد يتجاوز حاليا الستة ملايين زائر

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي

الدائرة الرابعة في باريس
العمارة الحديثة في فرنسا
تأسيسات سنة 1977 في فرنسا
صالات أحداث أسست في 1977
عمارة فائقة التكنولوجيا
مبان ومنشآت اكتملت في 1977
متاحف فن حديث
متاحف ومعارض فنية في باريس
معالم معمارية
مكتبات أسست في 1977

مركز جورج بومبيدو


TVT Records (Tee-Vee Tunes) was an American record label founded by Steve Gottlieb. Over the course of its 24-year history, the label released 25 Gold, Platinum and Multi-Platinum releases. Its roster included Nine Inch Nails, Ja Rule, Lil Jon, Underworld, KMFDM, Gravity Kills, The KLF, The Baldwin Brothers, Sevendust, Nothingface, the Wellwater Conspiracy, Brian Jonestown Massacre, The Holloways, The Cinematics, Buck-O-Nine, DJ Hurricane, Speech and Pitbull. The label had a triple platinum release with Nine Inch Nails's Pretty Hate Machine, two double platinum releases by Lil Jon, and platinum releases by Snoop Dogg and Tha Eastsidaz, Dashboard Confessional, Default and Ying Yang Twins, as well as gold releases by Sevendust, Gravity Kills, and The Black Crowes and Jimmy Page. Additionally, TVT achieved a gold release in Germany and Sweden with The Connells, and scored platinum and gold records in Canada with Default. In 2008, it filed for bankruptcy.

History

Early years
TeeVee Toons was founded in August 1984 by Steve Gottlieb, a graduate of Yale University and Harvard Law. Gottlieb launched the label from his New York City apartment with the release of Television's Greatest Hits, an album featuring theme songs from classic TV shows that became a respectable seller. The San Francisco Chronicle called the album "the most fun you can have with your pants on", and the New York Times highlighted it as one of 1985's most notable business ideas.

In 1986, TeeVee Toons was shortened to TVT Records. In 1988–89, TVT signed industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, and they released their debut studio album Pretty Hate Machine on October 20, 1989. But there was tension between Gottlieb and NIN frontman Trent Reznor throughout the promotion. According to Reznor, Gottlieb called Nine Inch Nails' record an "abortion". He said to him: "You fucked up what could have been a good career." When Pretty Hate Machine sold 1,000,000 copies, Gottlieb reacted rudely, ordering the band to sell 4 million copies of the follow-up. While NIN was on tour, TVT released an EP for the single "Head Like a Hole" that was longer in length than the original album, and started underpaying Reznor, along with pressuring him to make a follow-up record that sounded identical to Pretty Hate Machine. Scared that TVT would interfere with his creative control, Reznor, in secret, started recording what would become Broken in 1992. He met Jimmy Iovine, founder of Interscope Records, and finally, in 1992, Reznor and TVT reached an agreement where NIN would leave TVT and move to Interscope, but TVT would receive some of the royalties made from future NIN releases.

In 1996 Crain's named Gottlieb one of its Forty Under 40 Rising Stars to Watch, citing the 50% yearly growth of TVT. In 1999 TVT completed a securitization that enabled it to raise $23.5 million in growth capital.

Later years
In 2000, TVT became the first label to put its entire catalog online available for downloading and free streaming by fans. In 2001, the label reached an amicable arrangement with Napster for use of TVT's artist copyrights, and TVT's CEO joined the Napster advisory board. Gottlieb appeared before the Senate Judiciary Committee in 2001 on a panel that included Richard Parsons, then head of Time Warner; Ken Berry, head of EMI; and artists Alanis Morissette and Don Henley. CEO Gottlieb served on the Board of Directors of Musicmatch (sold to Yahoo!).

TVT was one of the founding members of the Association of Independent Music (A2IM), an organization devoted to protecting independent labels' interests.

In 2002, the label got into a dispute with Lyor Cohen, then head of Island Def Jam. The dispute involved Cohen and Universal paying former TVT artist Ja Rule $8 million to not deliver an album paid for by TVT, and promised to TVT and instead deliver it to Universal. In the resulting litigation Universal was prohibited by the courts from releasing the album created with TVT's funding. In the ultimate trial over the claims of fraud and tortious interference, a jury awarded TVT a $132 million judgment. Universal appealed the ruling. On appeal, Cohen and Universal argued the existence of an agreement between the parties meant that their behavior was only a breach of contract and not a fraud or tort. The court agreed, reducing TVT's award to $126,000.

In 2002, Prudential Financial acquired the rights to Pretty Hate Machine, The Connells, the "Mortal Kombat" soundtracks, the first seven volumes of Television's Greatest Hits, and a Wax Trax boxed set; certain publishing rights in compositions from KMFDM, Gil Scott-Heron and Nine Inch Nails, among others; and trademarks, including the Television's Greatest Hits logo, after TVT had defaulted on a loan to Prudential. In 2005, Prudential placed the catalogue up for sale.

Slip-N-Slide lawsuit/Bankruptcy
In 2007, TVT lost a $9 million lawsuit to Slip-N-Slide Records when a Florida judge ruled that Slip-N-Slide had legal rights to distribute an unreleased album it owned by rapper Pitbull that he recorded for Slip-N-Slide in 2001. TVT, who signed Pitbull several years later, had sought to notice third parties (such as record stores or digital download entities) that the distribution and sale of this album would violate TVT's exclusive right to create new music by the artist. The judge, however, ruled against TVT as Pitbull had made the recordings prior to signing with TVT, and awarded Slip-N-Slide the $9 million judgement as TVT had attempted to block the sale of the album. TVT filed for appeal but was unable to post the required bond, thus TVT filed for bankruptcy.

On February 19, 2008, Gottlieb stated "This is not the end of TVT." In June 2008, however, the digital music label The Orchard was declared the winning bidder by a New York bankruptcy court, paying $6.05 million. The Orchard gained control of TVT's artist contracts, catalogue recordings, and its distribution infrastructure, thus ending the TVT Records label imprint. The music publishing assets were transferred to TVT Music Enterprises, and later purchased by Reservoir Media. On April 6, 2010, The Bicycle Music Company acquired 700 master recordings across 80 albums, including the catalogues of Nine Inch Nails, The Connells and Television's Greatest Hits, from Prudential.

See also
 List of former TVT Records artists

References

External links
 Former A&R Bryan Leach on TVT, HitQuarters Apr 2004

Record labels established in 1984
American record labels
Synth-pop record labels
Industrial record labels
Hip hop record labels
Record labels disestablished in 2008
1984 establishments in the United States
2008 disestablishments in the United States

TVT Records


واكانا يامازاكي (山崎和佳奈 يامازاكي واكانا) هي مؤدية أصوات يابانية ولدت في 21 مارس 1965 في يوكوهاما، محافظة كاناغاوا.

أدوارها في الأنمي

مسلسلات أنمي تلفزيونية
 المحقق كونان - ران موري
 لاست إكسايل - صوفيا فورستر
 غوست سويبر ميكامي - ماريا
 لافليس - ميساكي أوياغي
 ون بيس - نوجيكو, نامي (بديلة)
 أبطال الديجيتال الجزء الثاني - شعشبونة/سيدة العناكب
 المقاتل المتنقل جي جاندام - باني
 إير جير - بينكيه
 بوكيمون - سنريسا
 دراغون بول سوبر - مونّا
فتى البرتقال اكيزوكي ميكو

أنمي الإنترنت
 سينت سيا: سول أوف غولد - هيلينا

أوفا أنمي
 أوشيو و تورا - هيزاكي ميكادو

أفلام أنمي
 سلسلة أفلام المحقق كونان
 المحقق كونان: العد التنازلي لناطحة السحاب - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: الهدف الرابع عشر - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: ساحر القرن الأخير - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: أسير في عينيها - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: عد تنازلي إلى الجنة - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: خيال شارع بيكر - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: تقاطع طرق في العاصمة القديمة - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: ساحر السماء الفضية - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: إستراتيجية ما فوق الأعماق - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: لحن وداع المتحرين - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: علم القراصنة في عرض المحيط - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: لحن كامل من الرعب - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: المطارد الأسود - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: السفينة الضائعة في السماء - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: 15 دقيقة من الصمت - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: المهاجم الحادي عشر - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: عين خفية في البحر البعيد - ران موري
 لوبين الثالث ضد المحقق كونان: الفيلم - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: قناص من بعد آخر - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: تباعات الشمس الجهنمية - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: الكابوس الأشد سوادا - ران موري
 المحقق كونان: رسالة الحب القرمزية - ران موري
 ون بيس فيلم: سترونغ وورلد - نوجيكو

وصلات خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
ممثلات أداء صوتي من يوكوهاما
ممثلات أداء صوتي يابانيات
ممثلات ألعاب فيديو يابانيات
ممثلات يابانيات في القرن 20
ممثلات يابانيات في القرن 21
ممثلو الأداء الصوتي لشخصيات المحقق كونان
ممثلو الأداء الصوتي لشخصيات ون بيس
مواليد 1965
مواليد في يوكوهاما

واكانا يامازاكي


Olaylar
 MÖ 753 - Romulus ve Remus, Roma'yı kurdular.
 1821 - Sadrazam Benderli Ali Paşa görevinden ayrıldı ve 30 Nisan'da idam edildi. Benderli Ali Paşa, Padişah emri ile idam edildiği bilinen son Sadrazamdı.
 1920 - Mustafa Kemal Paşa, Meclis'in 23 Nisan 1920 günü açılacağını bildiren bir genelge yayımladı.
 1930 - Columbus, Ohio'daki bir hapishanede çıkan yangında 320 kişi öldü.
 1939 - Hatay, Türk Gümrük Tarifesi'ne dahil oldu.

 1939 - Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Teksas eyaletinde dünyanın en uzun beton anıtsal sütunu olan San Jacinto Anıtı'nın açılışı yapıldı.
 1944 - Fransa'da kadınlar oy kullanma hakkını elde etti.
 1952 - Türkiye ile Yunanistan arasında imzalanan anlaşmayla vize formaliteleri kaldırıldı.
 1956 - Elvis Presley'nin Heartbreak Hotel isimli şarkısı, Billboard dergisinde 1 numaraya ulaşan ilk eseri oldu.
 1957 - Muhsin Ertuğrul, İstanbul Belediyesi Şehir Tiyatroları'nın başına getirildi.
 1960 - Brasília resmen Brezilya'nın başkenti oldu. Eski başkent Rio de Janeiro'ydu.
 1964 - Rum Patriği Vekili Emilyanos ile Metropolit Canavaris, Türkiye aleyhine faaliyet gösterdikleri gerekçesiyle sınır dışı edildi.
 1964 - Yunanistan, Kıbrıs'taki askeri birliğini, Birleşmiş Milletler Barış Gücü emrine vermeyi kabul etti.
 1967 - Yunanistan'da darbe yapıldı. Yorgo Papadopulos liderliğindeki "Albaylar Cuntası" yönetime el koydu, yedi yıl sürecek olan askeri rejim başladı.
 1968 - Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Birleşik Krallık ve Rusya, zor durumda kalan astronotları kurtarmak için bir antlaşma imzaladı.
 1970 - Hutt River Vilayeti Prensliği, Avustralya'dan bağımsızlığını ilan etti.
 1975 - Vietnam Savaşı: Güney Vietnam Devlet Başkanı Nguyen Van Thieu, Saygon'u terk etti.
 1979 - İstanbul Boğazı'nda Rumen bandıralı Karpati şilebi ile demir yüklü Kemal Kefeli kosteri çarpıştı. Türk gemisi 17 mürettebatı ile battı, iki denizcinin cesedi bulundu, beş kişi kayboldu. Rumen şilebi kaçarken polis motoru tarafından yakalandı.
 1987 - Sri Lanka'nın başkenti Colombo'da bomba yüklü bir araç infilak etti. 113 kişi öldü.
 1994 - İlk Güneş dışı gezegenler, Polonyalı gökbilimci Alexander Wolszczan tarafından keşfedildi.
 2003 - Irak'taki Saddam Hüseyin iktidarının yıkılmasından sonra Geçici Koalisyon Yönetimi 28 Haziran 2004'e kadar ülkeyi yönetti.
 2004 - İsrail'de Mordehay Vanunu, 18 yıl sonra hapisten çıktı. 20 Kasım 2005'te yasa dışı olarak Filistin topraklarına girdiği ve tahliye koşullarını ihlal ettiği iddiasıyla yeniden tutuklandı. Fas kökenli fizikçi Vanunu, 1986'da İsrail'in gizli nükleer çalışmalarını belge ve fotoğraflarla ifşa etmişti.
 2005 - TBMM Başkanlık Divanı, TBMM 85. Yıl Milli Egemenlik Onur Ödülü'nün Prof. Dr. Gazi Yaşargil'e verilmesini kararlaştırdı.
 2008 - Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Hava Kuvvetleri, "Gece Şahini" olarak da anılan ve radara yakalanmayan uçak F-117 Nighthawk'ları hizmetten çıkardı.
 2011 - Belarus'un başkenti Minsk'te, metro sistemindeki Oktyabrskaya istasyonunda gerçekleştirilen saldırıda 15 kişi yaşamını yitirdi.
 2014 - Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nin Michigan eyaletine bağlı Flint kenti içme suyu kaynağını Flint Nehri olarak değiştirdi ve suda bulunan yüksek seviyedeki kurşun nedeniyle Flint su krizi başladı.

Doğumlar
 1488 - Ulrich von Hutten, Alman düşünür ve şair (ö. 1523)
 1652 - Michel Rolle, Fransız matematikçidir (ö. 1719)
 1671 - John Law, İskoç ekonomist ve yazar (ö. 1729)
 1774 - Jean-Baptiste Biot, Fransız fizikçi (ö. 1862)
 1790 - Manuel Blanco Encalada, Şili'nin ilk Devlet Başkanı (ö. 1876)
 1816 - Charlotte Brontë, İngiliz edebiyatçı (Jane Eyre adlı yapıtıyla ünlü) (ö. 1855)
 1828 - Hippolyte Taine, Fransız tarihçi (ö. 1893)
 1837 - Fredrik Bajer, Danimarkalı yazar, öğretmen, pasifist siyasetçi ve Nobel Barış Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1922)
 1838 - John Muir, Etkili bir İskoç-Amerikalı, doğa bilimci, yazar, çevre filozofu, botanikçi, zoolog, buzulbilimci (ö. 1914)
 1864 - Max Weber, Alman toplum bilimci (ö. 1920)
 1882 - Percy Williams Bridgman, Amerikalı fizikçi ve Nobel Fizik Ödülü sahibi (ö. 1961)
 1889 - Paul Karrer, İsviçreli organik kimyacı (ö. 1971)
 1889 - Efrem Zimbalist, Rus keman virtüözü, besteci ve orkestra yönetmeni (ö. 1985)
 1904 - Odilo Globocnik, Avusturyalı bir Nazi ve sonrasında bir SS lideri (ö. 1945)
 1911 - Kemal Satır, Türk hekim ve siyasetçi (CHP'nin eski Genel Sekreterlerinden) (ö. 1991)
 1913 - Sami Ayanoğlu, Türk tiyatro, sinema oyuncusu, yönetmen, senarist ve yapımcı (ö. 1971)
 1913 - Şevket Rado, Türk gazeteci ve yazar (ö. 1988)
 1915 - Anthony Quinn, Amerikalı sinema oyuncusu ve En İyi Yardımcı Erkek Oyuncu Akademi Ödülü sahibi (ö. 2001)
 1919 - Licio Gelli, İtalyan finansçı, mason ve suç örgütü lideri (ö. 2015)
 1922 - Nazım Kıbrısî, Türk mutasavvıf ve Nakşibendi Tarikatı şeyhi (ö. 2014)
 1923 - Bahaeddin Ögel, Türk tarih profesörü (ö. 1989)
 1926 - II. Elizabeth, İngiliz Milletler Topluluğu Başkanı ve İngiltere Kraliçesi (ö. 2022)
 1928 - Andrew Walls, Britanyalı misyolog (ö. 2021)
 1930 - Silvana Mangano, İtalyan kadın film oyuncusu ve manken (ö. 1989)
 1930 - Jack Taylor, İngiliz futbol hakemi (ö. 2012)
 1932 - Elaine May, Amerikalı komedyen, film yönetmeni, senarist, oyun yazarı ve oyuncu
 1932 - Angela Mortimer, İngiliz tenisçi
 1935 - Charles Grodin, Amerikalı aktör, komedyen, yazar ve eski televizyon sunucusu (ö. 2021)
 1941 - Ryan O'Neal, Amerikalı sinema oyuncusu
 1943 - Philippe Séguin, Fransız siyasetçi (ö. 2010)
 1947 - Barbara Park, Amerikalı yazar (ö. 2013)
 1947 - Iggy Pop, Amerikalı müzisyen, şarkıcı, söz yazarı, baterist ve aktör
 1949 - Patti LuPone, Amerikalı oyuncu ve şarkıcı
 1951 - Tony Danza, Amerikalı sinema oyuncusu
 1952 - Cheryl Gillan, Britanyalı siyasetçi (ö. 2021)
 1954 - James Morrison, Amerikalı oyuncu
 1955 - Murathan Mungan, Türk oyun yazarı ve şair
 1955 - Kris Kelmi, Sovyet-Rus müzisyen ve besteci (ö. 2019)
 1957 - Hervé Le Tellier, Fransız yazar
 1958 - Andie MacDowell, Amerikalı oyuncudur
 1959 - Robert Smith, İngiliz gitarist ve vokalisttir
 1959 - Ayşe Sucu, Türk gazeteci ve yazar
 1961 - Ulvi Arı, Türk pantomim (mim) sanatçısı, oyuncu ve yazar
 1963 - Behzat Uygur, Türk tiyatro, dizi ve sinema oyuncusu
 1969 - Toby Stephens, İngiliz tiyatro, sinema ve televizyon oyuncusu
 1971 - Nebil Sayın, Türk oyuncu
 1975 - Olivia Magnani, İtalyan oyuncu ve şarkıcı
 1979 - James McAvoy, İskoç aktör
 1979 - Tobias Linderoth, İsveçli futbolcu
 1983 - Marco Donadel, İtalyan futbolcu
 1988 - Robert Patrick "Robbie" Amell, Kanadalı aktör
 1989 - Nikki Cross, İskoç profesyonel güreşçi
 1990 - Tunay Torun, Alman-Türk futbolcu
 1992 - Botond Baráth, Macar futbolcu
 1992 - Deng Linlin, Çinli jimnastikçi
 1992 - Francisco Román Alarcón Suárez ya da kısaca Isco, İspanyol millî futbolcu
 1993 - Bruno Gaspar, Portekizli futbolcu
 1994 - Erten Ersu, Türk futbolcu

Ölümler
 MÖ 43 - Aulus Hirtius, Jül Sezar'ın hemen ardından Roma konsülü (MÖ 90)
 599 - Antakyalı I. Anastasius, Antakya Patriği
 866 - Bardas, Bizans soylusu ve yüksek dereceli bakan
 1109 - Canterbury'li Anselmus, Tanrı'nın varlığına ilişkin ontolojik kanıtıyla tanınan Benedikten keşişi, filozof ve ilahiyatçı (d. 1033)
 1142 - Pierre Abélard, Fransız yazar ve filozof (d. 1079)
 1509 - VII. Henry, İngiltere Kralı (d. 1457)
 1574 - I. Cosimo, Medici Hanedanının Floransa Dükalığın II. Dükü ve Toskana Büyük Dükalığının ise I. Büyük Dükü (d. 1519)
 1591 - Sen no Rikyū, bir Japon çay ustası (d. 1522)
 1699 - Jean Racine, Fransız şair ve oyun yazarı (d. 1639)
 1736 - Savoy Prensi Eugen, Avusturyalı general (d. 1663)
 1793 - John Michell, İngiliz doğa filozofu ve papaz (d. 1724)
 1825 - Johann Friedrich Pfaff, Alman matematikçi (d. 1765)
 1866 - Jane Welsh Carlyle, İskoç yazar (d. 1801)
 1910 - Mark Twain, Amerikalı roman ve mizah yazarı (d. 1835)
 1918 - Manfred von Richthofen (Kızıl Baron), Alman pilot (d. 1892)
 1938 - Muhammed İkbal, Pakistanlı şair (d. 1877)
 1945 - Walter Model, Alman mareşal (d. 1891)
 1946 - John Maynard Keynes, İngiliz ekonomist (d. 1883)
 1952 - Stafford Cripps, İngiliz İşçi Partisi politikacısı, avukatı ve diplomatı (d. 1889)
 1965 - Edward Victor Appleton, İngiliz fizikçi ve Nobel Fizik Ödülü sahibi (d. 1892)
 1966 - Josef Dietrich, Alman Waffen-SS generali (d. 1892)
 1971 - François Duvalier, Haiti Devlet Başkanı (d. 1907)
 1973 - Kemal Tahir, Türk yazar (d. 1910)
 1980 - Aleksandr Oparin, Sovyet biyokimyacı (d. 1894)
 1980 - Sohrab Sepehri, İranlı modern şair ve ressam (d. 1928)
 1985 - Tancredo de Almeida Neves, Brezilyalı siyasetçi (d. 1910)
 1996 - Cahar Dudayev, Çeçen komutan (d. 1944)
 1998 - Jean-François Lyotard, Fransız filozof (d. 1924)
 2003 - Nina Simone, Amerikalı şarkıcı, piyanist ve insan hakları savunucusu (d. 1933)
 2006 - Telê Santana, Brezilyalı futbolcu ve teknik direktör (d. 1931)
 2010 - Juan Antonio Samaranch, İspanyol spor adamı (d. 1920)
 2011 - Harold Garfinkel, Amerikalı sosyolog ve filozof (d. 1917)
 2011 - Sofía Silva Inserri, Venezuelalı manken (d. 1929)
 2013 - Chrissy Amphlett, Avustralyalı şarkıcı (d. 1959)
 2015 - John Moshoeu, Güney Afrikalı futbolcu (d. 1965)
 2016 - Prince, Amerikalı müzisyen (d. 1958)
 2017 -  Enrico Medioli, İtalyan senarist (d. 1925)
 2018 - Verne Troyer, Amerikalı oyuncu, komedyen ve dublör sanatçısı (d. 1969)
 2019 - Hannelore Elsner, Alman oyuncu ve moda tasarımcısı (d. 1942)
 2019 - Steven Golin, Amerikalı film ve televizyon yapımcısı (d. 1955)
 2019 - Ken Kercheval, Amerikalı oyuncu (d. 1935)
 2020 - Abdürrahim El-Keib, Libyalı politikacı (d. 1950)
 2020 - Donald Kennedy, Amerikalı bilim insanı, gazeteci, bürokrat ve akademisyen (d. 1931)
 2020 - Teruyuki Okazaki, Japon karateci (d. 1931)
 2020 - Jacques Pellen, Fransız caz gitaristi (d. 1957)
 2020 - Laisenia Qarase, Fijili siyasetçi (d. 1941)
 2020 - Florian Schneider-Esleben, Alman elektronik dans müziği sanatçısı ve pop şarkıcısı (d. 1947)
 2021 - Mercedes Colás de Meroño, Arjantinli isnan hakları aktivisti (d. 1925)
 2021 - Myriam Colombi, Fransız tiyatro, sinema ve dizi oyuncusu (d. 1940)
 2021 - Thomas Fritsch, Almana aktör ve seslendirme sanatçısı (d. 1944)
 2021 - Marian Kosiński, Polonyalı profesyonel futbolcu ve teknik direktör (d. 1945)
 2021 - Lea Dali Lion, Eston şarkıcı, müzisyen ve söz yazarı (d. 1974)
 2021 - Joe Long, Amerikalı müzisyen (d. 1932)
 2021 - Annie Steiner, Cezayirli kadın aktivist (d. 1928)
 2022 - Renate Holm, Alman-Avusturyalı aktris ve opera sanatçısı (d. 1931)
 2022 - Aydın İlter, Türk asker (d. 1930)
 2022 - Mwai Kibaki, Kenya Cumhuriyeti'nin üçüncü devlet başkanı (d. 1931)
 2022 - Jacques Perrin, Fransız aktör, film yapımcısı ve yönetmeni (d. 1941)
 2022 - Cynthia Plaster Caster, Amerikalı heykeltıraş (d. 1947)
 2023 - Trilochan Kanungo, Hint siyasetçi (d. 1940)

Tatiller ve özel günler
 Bahailik - Rıdvan festivalinin ilk günü
 Fırtına : Sitte-i Sevr'in Başlangıcı

0421
21

21 Nisan


Santiago Nicolás Scala (, Junín, Buenos Aires) es un basquetbolista argentino que juega en la posición de base en el club Sesi/Franca del Novo Basquete Brasil.

Carrera
Inició su carrera profesional en Argentino de Junín, club de su ciudad natal. Sus dos primeras temporadas con el equipo bonaerense fueron en el Torneo Nacional de Ascenso, segunda categoría del basquetbol argentino. Tras salir campeones en 2010, Argentino de Junín ascendió a la LNB, lo que le permitió a Scala demostrar que podía jugar en la máxima categoría.

En 2011 es fichado por el club chubutense Gimnasia Indalo con un contrato por dos temporadas. Al término de las mismas, renovó por dos temporadas más. En la temporada 2014-2015 alcanzó las finales de la LNB por primera vez en su carrera, cayendo en la disputa frente a Quimsa.

Tras abandonar Gimnasia, firmó con Regatas Corrientes. Al cabo de un año, fichó con San Lorenzo de Almagro.  En su nuevo club, consiguió el título en el Torneo Súper 4 y el campeonato de la Liga Nacional de Básquet, tras derrotar a Regatas Corrientes en la final.

En julio de 2017, se confirmó su llegada a Instituto de Córdoba. Jugó para la institución cordobesa por cuatro temporadas, llegando a ser subcampeón de la Liga Sudamericana de Clubes 2018.

En junio de 2021 anunció que se desvincularía de Instituto para jugar en el Sesi/Franca, equipo de la primera división del baloncesto brasileño.

Selección nacional
Logró el título del Campeonato Sudamericano de Cadetes de 2007 junto con el seleccionado argentino siendo capitán del equipo y elegido como el MVP del torneo; derrotó al seleccionado de Venezuela por 86 a 71 en la final y conquistó la vigésima edición del Campeonato Sudamericano, jugado en el estadio de Bartolomé Mitre de la ciudad de Posadas. En 2007 se adjudicó junto al seleccionado sub-18 el tercer puesto en la Copa Saludcoop desarrollada en Colombia.

En el año 2008 formó parte del plantel que participó en el Torneo Albert Schweitzer que se desarrolló en Alemania donde el Seleccionado Argentino U18 cayó ante Canadá 80 a 54 y finalizó en el sexto lugar bajo la dirección técnica de Enrique Tolcachier. En 2012 fue invitado a participar de una gira por Venezuela para disputar el torneo Súper 4. Scala fue convocado ante las ausencias de distintos jugadores afectados por los playoffs de la Liga Nacional de Básquet. El combinado argentino logró obtener el campeonato tras caer ante México y vencer a Brasil y Venezuela. Ese mismo año, participó en una gira por Angola para enfrentar al seleccionado de ese país. Ambas giras, fueron como preparación de cara el Campeonato Sudamericano de Baloncesto de 2012.

Clubes

Palmarés

Campeonato Nacionales
 Club Atlético Argentino - () - TNA: 2009-10.
 San Lorenzo de Almagro - () - Torneo Súper 4: 2016-17.
 San Lorenzo de Almagro - () - LNB: 2016-17.
 Campeonato argentino - Seleccion Provincia de Buenos Aires - Preinfantiles.
 Campeonato argentino - Seleccion Provincia de Buenos Aires - Infantiles.

Consideraciones personales
 MVP del Campeonato Sudamericano de Cadetes - 2007.
 Mejor Sexto Hombre de la LNB - 2015.

Referencias

Baloncestistas de Argentina
Baloncestistas de la selección de Argentina
Baloncestistas de la Liga Nacional de Básquet Argentina
Baloncestistas de la Novo Basquete Brasil
Baloncestistas del Argentino de Junín
Baloncestistas del Gimnasia y Esgrima (Comodoro Rivadavia)
Baloncestistas del Club de Regatas Corrientes
Baloncestistas del San Lorenzo de Almagro
Baloncestistas del Instituto Atlético Central Córdoba
Baloncestistas de Junín

Santiago Scala


Love In This Club (Part II) ist ein Song des US-amerikanischen R&B-Sängers Usher und der Musiker Lil Wayne und Beyoncé. Die Single erschien auf Ushers Studioalbum Here I Stand und wurde am 28. April 2008 als Download-Single veröffentlicht. Love In This Club (part II) ist die zweite Single aus dem Album Here I Stand. Sie wurde von Soundz produziert und in Los Angeles aufgenommen. Geschrieben wurde sie von Usher selbst mit Unterstützung von Polow Da Don, Lamar Taylor, Young Jeezy, Ryon Lovett, Keith Thomas und Darnell Dalto.

Hintergrund
Der Original-Song heißt Love In This Club und wird von Usher und Young Jeezy gesungen. Usher sagte in einem Interview mit MTV: "Ich wollte, dass es eine Überraschung wird, so in der Art wie ein Schock. Der Remix ist viel verrückter als das Original-Stück". Angesprochen auf die Zusammenarbeit mit Beyoncé Knowles, sagte er: "Es ist ein Vergnügen für mich, mit ihr zusammengearbeitet zu haben. Ich habe seit Jahren versucht, ein Duett mit Beyoncé aufzunehmen, aber wir beide waren sehr beschäftigt. Auch wenn es nur ein Remix ist, ist es für mich wirklich eine besondere Aufnahme".

Rezeption
Shaheem Raid von MTV hob den Gesang Ushers hervor. Dagegen kritisierte Josh Ells vom Magazin Blender, das Stück würde zwei der begehrenswertesten Menschen auf diesem Planeten keusch klingen lassen.

Charts
Love In This Club (Part II) war eine recht erfolgreiche Single in den vereinigten Staaten. In den offiziellen Billboard Single Charts erreichte die Single Rang 18 und hielt sich wochenlang in den Top 100 auf. In den Billboard R&B Charts schaffte es die Single auf Platz 7. Nur durch Download gelang es Love In This Club (Part II), solch einen Erfolg zu erzielen. In Deutschland wurde die Single nicht veröffentlicht.

Charts

Einzelnachweise

Lied 2008
Contemporary-R&B-Lied
Rapsong
Beyoncé-Lied
Lil-Wayne-Lied
Usher
Lied von Beyoncé
Lied von Lil Wayne

Love in This Club Part II


Omšenie este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Trenčín din regiunea Trenčín. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 1.973 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Omšenie este atestată documentar din 1332.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Omšenie


ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ උතුරු සහ නැගෙනහිර පලාත් දෙකෙහි ත්‍රස්තවාදීන්ගේ ග්‍රහණයට නතුව සිටි ජනතාව සහ ප්‍රදේශ මුදාගැනීම පිණිස 2006 සිට 2009 දක්වා  ශ්‍රී ලංකා ත්‍රිවිධ හමුදා විසින් සිදුකල මානුෂීය මෙහෙයුමයි.

උතුර සහ නැගෙනහිර මුදාගැනීමේ මානුෂීය මෙහෙයුම්


Wilhelm Bock (* 11. September 1903 in Lübeck; † 1. Mai 1945 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Gestapobeamter und SS-Führer, der als zeitweiliger Leiter des Sonderkommandos 7c der Einsatzgruppe B in der Sowjetunion maßgeblich am Holocaust beteiligt war.

Leben
Bock, Sohn eines Seemaschinisten, absolvierte nach dem Schulbesuch eine kaufmännische Ausbildung zum Handlungsgehilfen und war danach bei Betrieben in Lübeck, Hamburg sowie Berlin angestellt.

Bock trat zum 1. Dezember 1929 der NSDAP (Mitgliedsnummer 170.613) und im selben Jahr der SA bei. Von der SA wechselte er 1931 zur SS (SS-Nr. 11.348), in der er Anfang Oktober 1944 bis zum Standartenführer aufstieg. Politisch betätigte sich Bock für die Partei in Lübeck als Sektionsleiter und Gauredner.

Nach der nationalsozialistischen Machtübernahme trat Bock am 6. März 1933 als persönlicher Adjutant des neuen Lübecker Polizeiherrn Walther Schröder in den Staatsdienst ein und erhielt zum 31. Mai 1933 den Titel "Kommissar zur besonderen Verwendung". Ab Mitte September 1933 war Bock erster Leiter der Lübecker Gestapo.

Im Zuge des Anschlusses Österreichs an das Deutsche Reich am 12. März 1938 wurde er zu der im Aufbau befindlichen Staatspolizeileitstelle Wien versetzt, wo er die Exekutiv-Abteilung II leitete und ab April 1940 als Stellvertreter des Wiener Stapo-Stellenleiters fungierte.

Im Zuge des Angriffs auf die Sowjetunion folgte Bock im Dezember 1941 Erich Körting als Kommandeur des Sonderkommandos 7c ("Vorkommando Moskau") der Einsatzgruppe B nach, das an dem Judenmord in der besetzten Sowjetunion beteiligt war. Bock wurde im Juli 1942 noch SS- und Polizeiführer (SSPF) Winniza unter dem Höheren SSPF Russland-Süd Hans-Adolf Prützmann.

Von November 1942 bis Anfang Mai 1945 leitete Bock die Staatspolizeileitstelle Berlin. Bock beging während der Schlacht um Berlin am 1. Mai 1945 im Lazarettbunker der Reichskanzlei Suizid. Nach Gerhard Paul konnte Bock möglicherweise erfolgreich untertauchen. Die Angabe, dass Bock am 3. April 1947 im Kriegsverbrechergefängnis Landsberg nach einem Fliegerprozess hingerichtet wurde, kann nicht stimmen, da jener Wilhelm Bock im Februar 1947 bereits 50 Jahre alt war und auch sonst die Angaben zur Person seines 1903 geborenen Namensvetters nicht übereinstimmen.

Literatur
 Gerhard Paul: Staatlicher Terror und gesellschaftliche Verrohung. Die Gestapo in Schleswig-Holstein. Unter Mitarbeit von Erich Koch. Ergebnisse, Hamburg 1996, ISBN 3-87916-037-6.

Einzelnachweise

Person der Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD
Person (deutsche Besetzung Russlands 1941–1944)
Person (deutsche Besetzung der Ukraine 1941–1944)
Gestapo-Personal
SS-Mitglied
SA-Mitglied
NSDAP-Mitglied
Redner
Person der NS-Propaganda
Person (Lübeck)
Deutscher
Geboren 1903
Gestorben 1945
Mann

Wilhelm Bock (SS-Mitglied)


Opilia, najrasprostranjeniji biljni rod iz porodice Opiliaceae. Postoje dvije priznate vrste grmova i drveća iz tropskih i suptropskih krajeva Afrike, Azije i Australije

Vrsta  Opilia campestris u istočnoj Africi često izraste na humcima koje su izgradili termiti.

Rod je opisan 1802. a porodica 1886.

Vrste
 Opilia amentacea Roxb.
 Opilia campestris Engl.

Izvori

Opiliaceae

Opilia


بدأت مراسم إشعال الشعلة الأولمبية الصيفية 2008 في أثينا في 24 مارس 2008 وانتهت في 8 أغسطس 2008 عند افتتاح الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2008 في بكين والتي ستزور عدة مدن حول العالم في 130 يوماً وستقطع 137 ألف كم وهي أطول مسافة ستقطعها الشعلة الأولمبية على الإطلاق.

مسار الشعلة الدولي

ألغيت تايوان (و كان المقرر أن تكون المحطة التالية بعد فيتنام وقبل هونغ كونغ) من المدن التي ستزورها الشعلة بسبب رفض الحكومة التايوانية بسبب خشيتها أن تعتبر تحت السيادة الصينية مثل هونغ كونغ ومكاو رغم نفي الحكومة الصينية ذلك وفي 21 سبتمبر 2007 تم إلغاء تايوان من الجدول بعد عدم التوصل إلى حل.

مسار الشعلة في الصين

بعد مكاو ستعود الشعلة إلى الصين وستزور المقاطعات التالية من 4 مايو 2008 إلى 8 أغسطس 2008:

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
الموقع الرسمي لمسار الشعلة الأولمبية الصيفية 2008 (بالأنجليزية)

الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية 2008

مسار الشعلة الأولمبية الصيفية 2008


Portret Adele Bloch-Bauer II. je slavno secesijsko ulje na platnu austrijskog slikara Gustava Klimta iz 1912. godine na kojoj je naslikan portret Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881. – 1925.), sofisticirane bečke salonske dame, obožavateljice umjetnosti i prijateljice Gustava Klimta.

Povijest

Sliku je naručio Adelin muž, bečki Židov i industrijalac koji se obogatio proizvodnjom šećera, Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer. Bio je veliki patron umjetnika i njegova supruga je jedina koju je Gustave Klimt naslikao dvaput. Prvu sliku je Klimt naslikao još 1907. godine, Portret Adele Bloch-Bauer I. Adele Bloch-Bauer je preminula od meningitisa 1925. godine i u svojoj oporuci je preporučila suprugu da slike donira Nacionalnoj galeriji Austrije. Kada je Nacistička Njemačka anektirala Austriju 1938. godine, Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer je pobjegao u Prag i naposljetku završio u Zurichu. Većina njegove imovine je opljačkana, a slika je završila u Nacionalnoj galeriji Belvedere u Beču 1941. god. Ferdinand Bloch-Bauer je preminuo u Zurichu 1945. godine, a u svojoj oporuci je svu svoju imovinu, uključujući i Klimtove slike, ostavio nećacima i nećakinjama.

God. 2000. na poziv austrijskih vlasti Maria Altmann, nasljednica bogatstva, je pozvana da se očituje o povratu otuđenih slika. Ona je odgovorila tužbom za povratom ove i još četiri slike na američkom sudu. Austrijska vlada je na sudu pokušala dokazati kako je Adele Bloch-Bauer svojom oporukom željela da slike ostanu u Austriji, no nakon sudske bitke 2006. godine osnovana komisija austrijskih sudaca je odlučila kako je Maria Altmann pravni vlasnik ovih djela i kako joj se trebaju vratiti.

Dana 2. studenoga 2006. godine, Maria Altmann je prodala Portret Adele Bloch-Bauer II. Ronaldu Lauderu za tada četvrtu cijenu jedne slike na svijetu, 87,9 milijuna $. Od jeseni 2014. gdoine slika je posebnim ugovorom na dulje vrijeme izložena u muzeju MoMA u New Yorku.

Priča Marije Altmann je dramatizirana 2015. godine u filmu Žena u zlatu u kojemu je glumi Helen Mirren, dok njezinog mladog odvjetnika E. Randola Schoenberga glumi Ryan Reynolds.

Bilješke

 Anne-Marie O'Connor, The Lady in Gold, The Extraordinary Tale of Gustav Klimt's Masterpiece, Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer, Alfred A. Knopf, New York 2012.

Vanjske poveznice
  Pravna bitka za Klimtove slike  Pristupljeno 7. listopada 2016.
 Adele's Wish  Pristupljeno 7. listopada 2016.

Slike Gustava Klimta

Portret Adele Bloch-Bauer II.


Lørenskog Station (Lørenskog stasjon) er en jernbanestation på Hovedbanen i Norge, der især er kendt for at have medvirket i børne-tv-programmet Sesam Stasjon. Stationen ligger i Robsrud i Lørenskog, tæt på grænsen til Oslo og øverst i Groruddalen. Den ligger 159,3 meter over havet, 14,2 km fra Oslo S. Den betjenes af lokaltog mellem Spikkestad og Lillestrøm.

Historie
Stationen åbnede i 1857 under navnet Robsrud, opkaldt efter den nærmeste gård, men skiftede i 1909 navn til Lørenskog. Stationsbygningen er tegnet af arkitekten Paul Armin Due og blev opført i 1909.

I tidens løb har stationen ændret status en række gange. I 1857 var den station med udveksling af togmeldinger, i 1859 læsseplads for af- og pålæsning af gods, i 1891 blev den nedsat til holdeplads uden sikkerhedsmæssig funktion med ekspedition af passagerer og gods og i 1898 forfremmet til station med udveksling af togmeldinger og ekspedition af passagerer og gods. I 1972 blev den fjernstyret med krydsningsmuligheder og ekspedition af passagerer og vognladningsgods, en status den beholdt indtil vognladningstrafikken blev nedlagt i 1988. Omkring 2000 forsvandt det betjente billetsalg, hvorefter billet må købes i automater eller på togene.

Sesam Stasjon
Fra 1991 til 2000 sendte NRK børne-tv-serien Sesam Stasjon, der var baseret på den amerikanske serie Sesame Street. De udendørs optagelser fandt sted på Lørenskog Station, der blev malet i spraglede farver og skiltet Sesam stasjon. De indendørs optagelser fandt sted i et
studio hos NRK i Marienlyst i Oslo.

Mens serien blev sendt, var der mulighed for at børnehaver kunne besøge stationen. De rejste fra Oslo til Lørenskog med Sesam-toget, et tog der oprindeligt var blevet sammensat og malet i spraglede farver til brug for optagelserne. Hvis børnene var heldige, kunne der af og til være en af de medvirkende til stede på stationen.

I 2003 blev det bestemt, at Sesam Stasjon-tårnet og farverne skulle fjernes fra stationen, og at den skulle føres tilbage til sit oprindelige udseende. Tilbageførelsen skete dog først i 2006, hvor stationen fik sit oprindelige udseende tilbage med gule vægge med brune lister. Herefter fremstår den i en stil, der ligner de andre stationer på Hovedbanen mellem Oslo og Eidsvoll.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

 Stovnerporten – Sagaen om Stovner: Tur på Øvre Høybråten
 Lørenskog stasjon på Lørenskogs kulturnettsider, sidst opdateret 25.02.2011

Stationer på Hovedbanen
Etableret i 1857
Jernbanestationer i Viken
Jernbanestationer i Oslo

Lørenskog Station


Saratamata est une ville du Vanuatu, située sur l'île d'Ambae. C'est le chef-lieu de la province de Penama.

Situation
Saratamata est située à l'extrémité nord-est de l'île d'Ambae, sur la côte.

Administration
Le Vanuatu est divisé en 6 provinces en 1994. Les îles de Maewo, Pentecôte et Ambae forment la province de Penama, dont Saratamata devient le chef-lieu.

Lors de l'éruption du Manaro Voui en 2017-2018, l'ensemble de la population d'Ambae est évacuée, et Saratamata est par conséquent désertée. Le chef-lieu de Penama est temporairement déplacé à Loltong, sur l'île de Pentecôte. En juin 2020, malgré les protestations de la plupart des chefs de Pentecôte, Saratamata redevient chef-lieu.

Références

Ville au Vanuatu

Saratamata


Raman Andrejewitsch Hrabarenka (, ; * 24. August 1992 in Mahiljou) ist ein belarussischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit Mai 2019 bei den Bílí Tygři Liberec aus der tschechischen Extraliga unter Vertrag steht.

Karriere
Raman Hrabarenka begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler bei den Philadelphia Revolution, für die er in der Saison 2009/10 in der Eastern Junior Hockey League aktiv war. Die Saison 2010/11 verbrachte der Verteidiger in der kanadischen Top-Juniorenliga Ligue de hockey junior majeur du Québec bei den Cape Breton Screaming Eagles. Bei den Screaming Eagles begann er auch die folgende Spielzeit, ehe er im Januar 2012 innerhalb der LHJMQ zu den Voltigeurs de Drummondville wechselte.

In der Saison 2012/13 spielte er für die Albany Devils in der American Hockey League (AHL) und wusste dabei zu überzeugen, so dass ihn die New Jersey Devils im Juli 2013 mit einem NHL-Einstiegsvertrag ausstatteten. Vorerst blieb der Verteidiger allerdings in der AHL und absolvierte dort zwei komplette Spielzeiten, ehe er am 9. April 2015 sein Debüt für die New Jersey Devils in der National Hockey League gab.

Nach der Saison 2015/16 lief sein Vertrag aus und Hrabarenka war zunächst vereinslos. Im Dezember 2016 entschied er sich für eine Rückkehr nach Europa, als er einen Vertrag bis Saisonende beim HK Dinamo Minsk aus der Kontinentalen Hockey-Liga unterschrieb.
Zu Beginn der folgenden Spielzeit stand er bei Neftechimik Nischnekamsk unter Vertrag, wechselte jedoch schon im Oktober 2017 zum chinesischen KHL-Teilnehmer Kunlun Red Star. Im Mai 2019 unterschrieb er einen Vertrag bei den Bílí Tygři Liberec aus der tschechischen Extraliga.

International

Für Belarus nahm Hrabarenka im Juniorenbereich an der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2008, der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft der Division I 2009 sowie der U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft der Division IA 2012 teil. Im Seniorenbereich stand er erstmals bei der Weltmeisterschaft 2012 im Aufgebot seines Landes.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen
 2009 Aufstieg in die Top-Division bei der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft der Division I, Gruppe A

Statistik

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeynationalspieler (Belarus)
Eishockeyspieler (Cape Breton Screaming Eagles)
Eishockeyspieler (Voltigeurs de Drummondville)
Eishockeyspieler (Elmira Jackals, ECHL)
Eishockeyspieler (Albany Devils)
Eishockeyspieler (New Jersey Devils)
Eishockeyspieler (HK Dinamo Minsk)
Eishockeyspieler (Neftechimik Nischnekamsk)
Eishockeyspieler (Kunlun Red Star)
Belarusse
Geboren 1992
Mann

Raman Hrabarenka


Die Japanische Badmintonmeisterschaft 1986 war die 40. Austragung der nationalen Titelkämpfe im Badminton in Japan.

Medaillengewinner

Weblinks
http://www.badminton-a.com/nbaevent/index/aj.htm

1986
Badminton 1986

Japanische Badmintonmeisterschaft 1986


Britanski trg, popularno znan kao Britanac, zagrebački je trg. Jedan je od preostalih zagrebačkih trgova koji ima otvoreno poljoprivredničko tržište sa svježim voćem, povrćem i ostalom hranom koja je dovedena izravno s farmi te je izrazito poštovan među Zagrepčanima. Na zapadnoj strani trga nalazi se Glazbena škola Blagoje Bersa. Sjeverno od Britanskog trga nalazi se Radnički dol, na zapadu Pantovčak, na istoku Ulica Vladimira Nazora te Ulica Đurđe Arnolda, a na jugu Ilica. Nedaleko od Britanskoga trga, na istočnoj strani Ilice, nalazi se Muzej iluzija.

Nazivi
Zvan Mali plac, od 1910. godine je nosio naziv Trg Ladislava Pejačevića, a nazivan je i Ilički trg. Od 1946. godine naziva se Britanski trg.

Povijest
Nekada je na tom području tekao i potok Kraljevec, koji je 1902. godine isušen. Tržnica je otvorena 1891. godine, a u početku se na njoj prodavala samo perad. Trg je ubrzo dobio i plinsku rasvjetu te javni zahod (1908.). Godine 1928. godine uređena je tramvajska čekaonica, koja zauzima dio južnog dijela trga, prema Ilici.

Javni prijevoz

Tramvaj
Na južnoj strani trga nalazi se istoimena tramvajska stanica kojom prometuju tramvajske linije 1 (Zapadni kolodvor – Borongaj), 6 (Črnomerec – Sopot) i 11 (Črnomerec – Dubec).

Autobus
Na sjeveroistočnoj strani trga nalazi se istoimena autobusna stanica kojom prometuju autobusne linije 101 (Britanski trg – Gornje Prekrižje), 102 (Britanski trg – Mihaljevac), 103 (Britanski trg – Kraljevec), 105 (Kaptol – Britanski trg) i 138 (Britanski trg – Zelengaj – Kraljevec).

Izvori

Trgovi u Zagrebu

Britanski trg


Christian Vézina, né en  à l'île d'Orléans, près de Québec, est un poète, metteur en scène et chroniqueur de radio québécois.

Biographie

Autodidacte, Christian Vézina monte sur la scène montréalaise à la fin des années 1990 avec le spectacle-performance Le poète fait du chapeau, initialement monté pour le festival Juste pour Rire. Il le reproduit au Temples des mots au théâtre l'Espace Libre en 1998, suivant l'invitation du metteur en scène et dramaturge Jean-Pierre Ronfard.

De 2011 à 2021, Vézina anime une fois par mois des discussions littéraires avec un artiste québécois lors d'évènements intitulés Le poète en robe de chambre. Il y discute littérature avec plusieurs personnalités publiques, dont Normand Baillargeon, Maude Guérin, Robert Lalonde, Micheline Lanctôt et Guylaine Tremblay.

Depuis 2015, Christian Vézina chronique sur la chaine d'Ici Radio-Canada Première à l'émission Dessine-moi un dimanche. Il publie en 2018 un recueil d'une trentaine de ses chroniques, sous le nom Un dimanche à ma fenêtre.

Toujours en 2015, il met en scène Collection printemps-été, une pièce écrite à partir des poèmes d'Hélène Monette, Suzanne Jacob, Brigitte Fontaine, Marie Étienne et Joyce Mansour. Pour la critique et professeure Lucie Renaud, si le spectacle « ne se décline pas comme un pamphlet féministe, il se lit assurément comme un appel à la prise de parole. »

Le 17 mars 2021, Vézina signait, dans le quotidien Le Devoir, un texte d'opinion sur l'importance de l'art en temps de crise, texte écrit en réaction aux décisions du gouvernement québécois de ne pas inclure l'art dans les services essentiels durant la gestion de crise de la pandémie de la COVID-19.

Rapport à l'art
Dès ses premiers spectacles, le style théâtral de Vézina s'affirme comme poétique, notamment avec ses premières pièces écrites et montées à partir des poèmes de Jacques Ferron et Jacques Prévert.

Pour Vézina, la « poésie [...] c'est concret. C'est utiliser le langage pour écrire de la vie. » Son style mélange théâtre et poésie; le professeur Pierre Popovic qualifie ses oeuvres de théâtre-poèmes. Il travaille dans l'adaptation, où il cherche à imbriquer les poèmes au sein de personnages et de situations théâtrales. Dans une entrevue avec Diane Godin en 2000, Vézina soulignait sur son rôle de créateur : « Une scène n'est pas une feuille de papier ; si je me déguise en lutrin, c'est là, je crois, que je risque de trahir l'auteur. En tant que comédien et metteur en scène, j'ai le devoir de faire en sorte que le texte se déploie dans tous ses reliefs, sa vie, sa beauté. Il faut donc faire une lecture en respectant l'auteur et l'intelligence du texte, mais en bricolant aussi un peu. [...] Comme la collégialité du milieu théâtral m'attirait, j'ai pensé que c'était l'occasion parfaite de franchir le seuil [...]. » Vézina est connu dans le milieu littéraire québécois pour sa création de poésie-spectacle. Il a, entre autres, mis en scène des adaptations théâtrales des oeuvres de Godin, Higelin, Michaux, Prévert et Rimbaud.

Œuvres
Incursion, Boischatel, 1978.
 Debout la nuit, illustrations de André Miousse et André Parent, éditions À main nues, Pintendre, 1985, 122 p.
 Doux comme dans fauve : [danger poésie], Planètre Rebelle, Montréal, 2000, 65 p.
 Dépareillé: hommage à Gaston Miron, poèmes de Gaston Miron et texte de Christian Vézina, Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec, 2006.
 L'inventaire des miracles, musique de Yannick Plamondon, Planète rebelle, Montréal, 2009,
 Pêche à la ligne : pensées, proverbes, aphorismes..., préface de Boucar Diouf, illustrations par André-Philippe Côté, éditions Somme Toute, Montréal, 2018, 120 p.
 Un dimanche à ma fenêtre, préface de Normand Baillargeon, éditions Somme Toute, Montréal, 2018, 162 p.

Pièces de théâtre jouées
 Christian Vézina, Henri Bricole, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Nouveau Théâtre Expérimental, 1999-2000.
 Jacques Ferron,  Une veillée chez le Maréchal-Ferron, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Théâtre Denise-Pelletier, 1999-2000.
 Christian Vézina, Petit bistro du grand Jacques, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Théâtre Denise-Pelletier, 2000-2001.
 Christian Vézina, Appuyez sur l'étoile, mise en scène par Hugues Frenette, Théâtre Niveau Parking, 2003-2004
 Christian Vézina, Rubato, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Théâtre Barbare, 2005-2006.
 Gérald Godin, Ils ne demandaient qu'à brûler, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Théâtre Barbare, 2006-2007.
 Tout Prévert, mise en scène par Christian Vézina,Théâtre Barbare, 2011-2012
 Pascal Rambert, Clôture de l'amour, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Théâtre de Quat'Sous, 2013-2014.
 Hélène Monette, Suzanne Jacob, Brigitte Fontaine, Marie Étienne, Joyce Mansour, Collection printemps-été, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Nouveau Théâtre Expérimental, 2014-2015.
 Christian Vézina, Moscou, juin 1963, mise en scène par Christian Vézina, Studio-d'essai Claude-Gauvreau, Montréal, 14 avril 2016.

Prix et distinctions
 2001 : Prix d'excellence des arts et de la culture de l'Institut canadien.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Jean-Pierre Ronfard
 Normand Baillargeon
 Planète rebelle

Liens externes

 Christian Vézina sur le site de Planète rebelle
 Christian Vézina sur le site des éditions Somme toute

Naissance en 1958
Poète québécois
Dramaturge québécois
Metteur en scène québécois
Chroniqueur québécois
Écrivain suivi par le projet Arts littéraires québécois

Christian Vézina


K.K. Tsurumi Seisakusho (jap. , engl. Tsurumi Manufacturing Co., Ltd.), besser bekannt unter der Marke Tsurumi Pump (, Tsurumi Pompu), ist ein japanischer Hersteller von Schmutz-, Klar- und Abwasserpumpen sowie Tauchbelüftern für Baugewerbe, Industrie, Kläranlagen und Feuerwehr. Mit einer Jahresproduktion von ca. 500.000 elektrischen Schmutzwassertauchpumpen zählt Tsurumi zu den größten Herstellern der Branche. Im Baugewerbe gilt Tsurumi als Weltmarktführer.

Tsurumi ist seit 1924 ausschließlich auf die Entwicklung, Herstellung und den Vertrieb von Wasserpumpen spezialisiert. Das Unternehmen Tsurumi Manufacturing Co., Ltd. mit Sitz in Osaka beschäftigte im Geschäftsjahr 2011 863 Mitarbeiter und erzielte Umsatz von umgerechnet rund 254 Millionen Euro. Tsurumi besitzt vier Fertigungsstätten, zwei in Japan, sowie je eine in Taiwan und China. Im Ausland besitzt Tsurumi sechs Tochtergesellschaften, zwei in China, sowie je eine in Taiwan, Singapur, den USA sowie Deutschland. Die deutsche Tochtergesellschaft Tsurumi (Europe) GmbH in Düsseldorf ist für den europäischen Markt zuständig und erzielte mit 25 Mitarbeitern einen Jahresumsatz von 17 Millionen Euro.

Geschichte
1924 war Start der Fertigung von Bewässerungspumpen der Maschinenbauabteilung des damaligen Unternehmens Tsurumi Shōkai (, "Handelshaus Tsurumi"). Am 12. Februar 1948 kam es zur Gründung der Tsurumi Seisakusho, die am 24. Dezember 1951 die Rechtsform einer kabushiki-gaisha annahm. 1954 erfolgte der Start der Fertigung von tauchbaren Wasserpumpen. 1970 war die Eröffnung der Niederlassung in Taipei, Taiwan, 1976 der Niederlassung H&E Tsurumi Pump Co. Ltd. in Hong Kong, China, 1978 der Niederlassung Tsurumi (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. In Singapur, 1979 der Niederlassung Tsurumi (America) Inc. In Chicago, USA und 1983 der Niederlassung Tsurumi (Europe) GmbH in Düsseldorf. 1990 erfolgte ein Börsengang in Tokio und Osaka, Japan. 1994 folgte die Eröffnung der Fertigungsstätte in Kioto, Japan. 1997 war Einweihung der neuen Firmenzentrale in Osaka, Japan. 1997 war die Eröffnung der Fertigungsstätte in Taipei, Taiwan und 2002 der Fertigungsstätte in Shanghai, China.

Produkte

Das Lieferprogramm umfasst rund 1800 verschiedene Pumpenmodelle mit Motorleistungen von 150 W bis 400 kW. In Europa vertreibt Tsurumi rund 250 Modelle mit bis zu 110 kW Motorleistung.

Im Programm finden sich elektrische Tauchmotorpumpen sowie nicht tauchbare Pumpen mit Elektro- oder Verbrennungsmotor. Eine spezielle Bauart stellen elektrische Tauchbelüfter zum Lufteintrag für die biologische Wasserklärung dar. Diese ermöglichen eine kostengünstigere Abwasserbehandlung im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verfahren.

Die meisten Tsurumi-Pumpen werden in Kyōto in einer der modernsten und nach Unternehmensangaben weltgrößten Pumpenfabrik mit einer Jahreskapazität von einer Million Pumpen hergestellt.

Ein typisches Merkmal der meisten Pumpenserien ist ihr modularer Aufbau mit teilweise untereinander austauschbaren Bauteilen. So verbaut Tsurumi einen durch Fliehkraft wirkenden, patentierten, Ölverteiler, der dafür sorgt, dass die Wellenlager ausreichend geschmiert werden und die Pumpe trockenlaufsicher ist. Die innen liegende doppelte Gleitringdichtung sowie einzeln vergossene elektrische Leiter zum Schutz vor Kriechwasserschäden sind weitere Konstruktionsmerkmale.

Vertrieb und Service

Tsurumi vertreibt seine Produkte in 45 Ländern. Von den Niederlassungen werden einzelne Projekte (i. d. R. Großkunden) auch direkt akquiriert und betreut. Das Händlernetz in Deutschland umfasst rund 250 Vertriebs- und Servicestellen. Die Ersatzteilversorgung für Europa ist in Düsseldorf konzentriert.

Weblinks
 Firmenwebsite von Tsurumi Seisakusho

Einzelnachweise

Pumpenhersteller
Produzierendes Unternehmen (Osaka)
Gegründet 1924

Tsurumi Seisakusho


Göksun, Kahramanmaraş il merkezine 76 km uzaklıkta bulunan bir ilçe. Toplam nüfusu 52.136 (mahalleler ve kasabalar dahil), yüzölçümü 1920 km²dir. 1908 yılında Kahramanmaraş iline bağlanmıştır. İlçe belediyesi 1908 yılında kurulmuştur. İlçede toplam 51 mahalle ve 7 kasaba vardır. (2012 yılında Kahramanmaraş'ın büyükşehir olmasıyla köy tüzel kişilikleri sona ermiş, köyler mahalleye dönüşmüştür.) İlçenin eski adları: Kokusus, Cocussus, Kokson, Koksen, Köksün, Göksün. Orman bölgesinde olduğundan kereste fabrikaları mevcuttur. Batısında Dibek Dağı, kuzeyde Binboğa Dağları yer alır. Başlıca tarım ürünleri buğday, şekerpancarı, fasulye, nohut, elma, üzüm'dür. Göksun elması kendine has aroması ile meşhurdur.

Tarihi
Göksun'un bilinen tarihi, Asurlar ve Genç Hitit Dönemi ile M.Ö 1200'lü yıllara kadar eskiye dayanır.
Göksun'da, ilk siyasi teşekkül Mama Kralığı olmuştur. Sonra Asur Koloni Çağı ve Genç Hitit Dönemi yaşanmıştır. Bu gün Kırıkkilise, Kazandere, Hacıkodal, Büyük Çamurlu, Küçük Çamurlu, Büyükkutu, Küçükkutu ve Değirmendere yerleşim alanlarında yapılan arkeolojik çalışmalarda Hitit dönemiyle ilgili çok sayıda höyük, kaya mezarı, tapınak ve sunak gibi arkeolojik kalıntılar bulunmaktadır. Göksun, Kapadokya Satraplığı, Selefkoslar, Romalılar ve Bizans döneminde de kalma sunaklar, kilise ve tapınak kalıntıları, kale, amfi tiyatro, kaya mezarları, kaya evleri, höyük, hamama rastlanmıştır.
Roma ve Bizanslıalar döneminde Cocusus ya da Cocussos (Kokussos), Ermeniler tarafından da Kokson, Cosor gibi isimlerle adlandırılmıştır. Dulkadiroğulları Beyliği (1337) ile 1515 yılına kadar geçen 178 yıllık sürede Göksun, Dulkadiroğullarının en önemli merkezlerinden biri olmuştur.1522 yılında Kanuni Sultan Süleyman döneminde Göksun'da Osmanlı hâkimiyeti kurulmuştur. Maraş Sancağı'nın kurulunca bir dönem Elbistan'a bağlı bir nahiye olan Ahsendere sınırları içerisinde kalan Göksun, kısa bir süre Andırın nahiyesine bağlanmıştır. 16. yüzyılın başlarından 1907 yılına kadar nahiye olarak yapılandırılan Göksun, 21 Kasım 1907 tarihinde Sultan II. Abdülhamid'in iradesiyle kaza (ilçe) olmuştur.

Galeri

Nüfus

Ayrıca bakınız
 2009 Medair TC-HEK helikopter kazası

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Göksun Kaymakamlığı
 Göksun Belediyesi
 http://www.kahramanmaras.gov.tr/goksun
https://web.archive.org/web/20120925011853/http://www.goksun.pol.tr/  Göksun İlçe Emniyet Müdürlüğü
http://goksun.meb.gov.tr/  Göksun İlçe Millî Eğitim Müdürlüğü
http://www.goksuntarim.gov.tr/  Göksun İlçe Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Müdürlüğü
http://www.goksunogretmenevi.meb.k12.tr/   Göksun Akşam Sanat Okulu ve Öğretmenevi

Göksun


Un buyao ( ; lit. " secouer en marchant ") est un type d'ornement de cheveux traditionnel des femmes chinoises. Il s'agit d'une sorte d'épingle à cheveux chinoise dont le bijou pend lorsque la personne qui le porte marche, d'où son nom qui signifie littéralement " secouer en marchant " L'utilisation du buyao dénote un statut noble. Le buyao apparaît dès la dynastie Han, et, après elle, le buyao se diffusa dans la société et transmis de génération en génération. Certaines femmes nobles mettent également des buyaos sur leurs diadèmes, ce qui rend leur décoration capillaire plus luxueuse qu'un simple buyao. Les matériaux couramment utilisés pour les fabriquer sont l'or, le jade et les perles.

Histoire
Le port du buyao était à la mode durant les dynasties Han, Wei, Jin, Sud et du Nord.

Durant ces périodes, il existait deux types de buyaos : celui en fleur et le buyao couronne (步摇冠 ; Bùyáoguān). Le buyao-fleur était plus répandu dans la Plaine centrale et dans les dynasties du Sud et n'était portée que par les femmes, tandis que le buyao-couronne était porté par les hommes et les femmes dans les régions de Yan et de Dai, où résidaient les anciens Xianbei. Ces deux formes de buyaos ont été influencées par la culture de la couronne en or des tribus nomades qui vivaient dans les plaines d'Asie centrale. Cependant, les différences culturelles entre les plaines centrales et les régions Yan-Dai ont contribué à la différence de formes, de mode de port, de préférences esthétiques et de signification de la culture historique, etc.

Dynastie Han

Pendant la période des Han occidentaux, des buyaos ont été conçus en adoptant le style des accessoires de la région occidentale, et ils devinrent ensuite populaires. La plus ancienne représentation de buyao à ce jour se trouve sur la bannière funéraire de la tombe de Mawangdui qui montre Xin Zhui portant un buyao : elle fut peinte sous la dynastie des Han occidentaux.

Dans les textes chinois anciens, le buyao est largement défini en termes de structure. Par exemple, selon le , dans la section Shi toushi (釋頭飾), il est écrit que : .

Le Livre des Han mentionne le bùyáoguān porté par un fonctionnaire dans le Jiang Chong zhuan (江充傳 ; lit. : Biographie de Jiang Chong) : .

À cette époque, le buyao n'était pas seulement porté par les Han, mais aussi par les femmes wuhuan qui se laissaient pousser les cheveux, les divisaient en chignons et les décoraient d'épingles à cheveux et de buyaos. Le buyao était également porté par les impératrices de la dynastie Han ; selon le Yufu zhi (輿服誌) du Livre des Han postérieurs) : .

À l'époque de la dynastie Han orientale, le buyao fut introduit au Japon.

Dynasties Wei, Jin, du Nord et du Sud

Selon le Yufu zhi (輿服誌) du Livre des Jin, pendant la , des dames du palais des Han occidentaux, portaient des buyaos dans leurs cheveux comme ornements capillaires. Le Buyao est représenté dans le  attribué à Gu Kaizhi sous la forme d'une paire de zans (簪), un type d'épingle à cheveux chinoise, décorée de délicats ornements en forme d'oiseaux et posée sur de délicates branches qui s'étendent comme des fleurs épanouies et lorsque le porteur marche, les fines branches bougent légèrement, faisant trembler les ornements ou les perles de l'épingle à cheveux. Les buyaos portés par les dames de la cour dans le Rouleau de consignes pourraient être des variantes ou des variantes de rang inférieur de ceux portés par les impératrices.

Les buyaos en or semblent être des ornements de tête représentatifs de la première culture d'élite des Murong Xianbei. Les Murong, de la même manière que le peuple de Buyeo, portaient des ornements en or qui avaient des feuilles pendantes appelées buyao guan (步摇冠 ; : Bùyáoguān ; lit. : couronne de buyao) ; ils ressemblaient à des ornements de tête en forme de feuilles d'or et d'arbres et étaient portés par les hommes et les femmes ; ils étaient cependant différents des buyaos chinois qui étaient uniquement portés par les femmes.

Selon le Murong Hui zaiji (慕容廆載記 ; lit. :Chroniques de Murong Hui) du Livre des Jin, Mo Huba (莫护跋), le chef des Murong Xianbei, a introduit les ornements buyaos auprès de son peuple en les copiant des Chinois. À l'origine, le clan Murong vivait dans la péninsule du Liaodong, mais pendant la dynastie Cao Wei, il a migré vers les régions du . Lorsque Mo Huba a vu les habitants de Yan et de Dai porter le buyao guan, il a ordonné à tout son peuple de s'attacher les cheveux et de le porter. Le buyao guan a largement disparu lorsque les Tuoba Xianbei ont conquis la Chine du Nord.

Dynastie Tang
Sous la dynastie Tang, les impératrices préféraient les buyaos dorés, décorés de fleurs et d'oiseaux. Les impératrices de la dynastie Tang attachaient leur buyao à leur perruque de cérémonie. Les buyaos étaient également portés par les femmes de la classe supérieure de la dynastie Tang.

Galerie

Références

Liens externes

Costume traditionnel de Chine
Bijou pour la tête

Buyao


David Weiss may refer to:

Music
 David Weiss (musician) (born 1964), jazz trumpeter, composer, and arranger
 David Was (born 1952), stage name of David Weiss, American musician and producer

Science and academia
 David Weiss (physicist), American physicist
 David Solomon Weiss (born 1953), organizational psychologist and business strategist
 David Weiss Halivni (born 1927), scholar and professor of Jewish studies and the Talmud

Writers
 David Weiss (novelist) (1909–2002), author of Naked Came I
 David N. Weiss (born 1960), American screenwriter, executive in the Writers Guild of America
 David S. Weiss (fl. 1995), American comedy writer, radio sidekick for Dennis Miller

Other
 David Weiss (1946–2012), of duo Peter Fischli & David Weiss, Swiss multi-media artist
 David C. Weiss (born 1956), United States Attorney for the District of Delaware
 David Weiss (2009 fictional person), false name used by a Norwegian man to contact journalists, including Haviv Rettig Gur, to spread rumours about antisemitism in Norway

David Weiss


Maimuna, es un género de arañas araneomorfas pertenecientes a la familia Agelenidae. Se encuentra en la Cuenca del Mediterráneo oriental.

Especies
Según The World Spider Catalog 12.0:
 Maimuna bovierlapierrei (Kulczynski, 1911)
 Maimuna cariae Brignoli, 1978
 Maimuna carmelica Levy, 1996
 Maimuna cretica (Kulczyn'ski, 1903)
 Maimuna inornata (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
 Maimuna meronis Levy, 1996
 Maimuna vestita (C. L. Koch, 1841)

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus

Agelenidae

Maimuna


Svijet

Glazbena djela

 Albumi iz 2017.

Događaji

Koncertne turneje i istaknuti koncerti

Nagrade i priznanja

 Pjesma Eurovizije:

Rođenja

Smrti

6. kolovoza – Remi Kazinoti, hrvatski glazbenik, glazbeni aranžer i producent, tekstopisac i skladatelj
11. prosinca – Tigran Kalebota, hrvatski glazbenik, bubnjar Psihomodo popa

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Glazbena djela

Događaji

Nagrade i priznanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Glazba u 2017.


Reinhold Mathy (født 12. april 1962 i Memmingen, Vesttyskland) er en tysk tidligere fodboldspiller (angriber).

Mathy startede sin karriere hos Bayern München, hvor han spillede i syv sæsoner. Her var han med til at vinde fire Bundesliga-titler og tre udgaver af DFB-Pokalen. Han var også en del af holdet der nåede Mesterholdenes Europa Cup finale 1982, som Bayern dog tabte til Aston Villa fra England. Mathy startede kampen på banen, men blev udskiftet kort inde i anden halveg.

Senere i karrieren spillede Mathy også for Bayer Uerdingen, FC Wettingen og Hannover 96.

Titler
Bundesligaen
 1981, 1985, 1986 og 1987 med Bayern München

DFB-Pokal
 1982, 1984 og 1986 med Bayern München

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Tyskland
Fodboldspillere fra KFC Uerdingen
Fodboldspillere fra Hannover 96
Fodboldspillere fra FC Bayern München

Reinhold Mathy


An Neottianthe in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Neottianthe in nahilalakip ha familia nga Orchidaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Neottianthe

Neottianthe


Phyllis Margaret Starkey (née Williams; born 4 January 1947) is a British Labour party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Milton Keynes South West from 1997 to 2010. She had previously served as Leader of Oxford City Council.

Early life
She was the daughter of Dr John Williams, a food chemist, and Catherine Hooson Williams. She attended the independent Perse School for Girls in Cambridge then read for a Bachelor of Arts degree in Biochemistry at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, graduating in 1970. In 1974, as a graduate student of Clare Hall, Cambridge, she was awarded the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by the University of Cambridge.

Early career
Before she entered Parliament, Starkey's career was in biomedical research. Her early work with Alan Barrett at the University of Cambridge was in the field of biochemistry, and included formulating the trap hypothesis of peptidase inhibition. From 1974 to 1981, she was at the Strangeways Laboratory in Cambridge. She later headed a group at the University of Oxford researching problems of pregnancy. She was at the Sir William Dunn School of Pathology in Oxford from 1981 to 1984. She lectured in Obstetrics at the University of Oxford and was a fellow of Somerville College, Oxford, from 1984 to 1993.

Subsequently, she worked as an expert in science and technology policy and bioethics for the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council from 1993 to 1997. From 1997 to 1998 she was a fellow of St Antony's College, Oxford.

Starkey joined the Labour Party in 1974 and became a councillor on Oxford City Council in 1983. She held various positions on the council, including that of Leader of the council (1990–93) and Chair of the Finance Committee (1988–90 and 1993–96).

Parliamentary career
Starkey was selected to stand for election for Labour through an all-women shortlist. As a female entrant to Parliament after the 1997 general election, Starkey was part of the intake dubbed 'The Blair Babes' by the UK media following a photoshoot by the Labour Party to show off how many women MPs were in the new government. Her Parliamentary voting record showed she was a staunch supporter of the legislation introduced by the Labour governments, including the occasional contentious issues within her party. Such were her Blairite credentials that Ken Livingstone, Labour's Mayor of London, dubbed her "Phyllis Stasi"

On the backbenches (1997–2001)
Starkey was a Member of the Select Committee on the Modernisation of the House of Commons between 1997 and 1999, during which time significant changes to parliamentary procedures were introduced, including the establishment of the Westminster Hall debating chamber and the beginning of alterations to sitting hours of Parliament to make them more 'family friendly'.

In 1998 Starkey highlighted the need for a national register for door supervisors (bouncers) to protect young people's safety while clubbing, and introduced a Private Members Bill to Parliament to establish one. Whilst her Bill did not succeed, the Government was persuaded of the need for a register, and it was incorporated into the Private Security Industry Act 2001 which led to the formation of the Security Industry Authority in 2003.

Between 1999 and 2001, Starkey was a member of the Foreign Affairs Select Committee.

Parliamentary Private Secretary (2001–2005)
After the 2001 general election Starkey was subsequently appointed Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to junior Foreign Office Ministers Denis MacShane and Ben Bradshaw and from May–October 2002 was PPS to Denis MacShane and Mike O'Brien. In November 2002 she transferred to become PPS to Denis MacShane in his new role as Minister of State for Europe.

Select committee chair (2005–2010)
After the general election in May 2005, Starkey was appointed chair of the Committee on the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister. Following the reorganisation of Government Departments announced on 5 May 2006, the committee was renamed the Communities and Local Government Select Committee, though its role and the majority of its remit remained the same.

In 2006, there were some notable examples of Starkey becoming increasingly critical of the Prime Minister Tony Blair. In March she used a tough line of questioning during PMQs regarding the tensions between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, and in July during a Liaison Committee session with the PM she raised concerns in relation to the Government's work on education and employment for the Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities of Britain.

In 2007 Starkey along with Jeffrey Donaldson MP called for an investigation into the private security and military services firm ArmorGroup, who held contracts with the British Government for police training in Iraq and Afghanistan. She has also pressed the Government to regulate nail bars and for a ban on a potentially harmful chemical glue used in some outlets to affix fake nails.

Starkey took a close interest in the political situation in the Middle East in her last Parliament, and travelled to both Palestine and Lebanon. Her outspoken opinion on the Israeli incursion into Lebanon in 2006 was firmly at odds with the Labour leadership. In a pop quiz of MPs involved in Middle East issues run by The Sunday Times newspaper in 2007, Starkey was commended along with Conservative MP Andrew Rosindell for getting the highest score, with all but one answer correct.

Starkey was comparatively untroubled by The Daily Telegraph's investigation of the MPs' expenses scandal in 2009, though she was one of the MPs to have travelled abroad as a guest of the British Council, a taxpayer-funded organisation, which became the subject of controversy when the Speaker Michael Martin withheld information relating to the declaration of the hospitality provided. Starkey said she could not remember if she had spoken to the Registrar about her trip, but was of the opinion she did not have to declare a trip that was effectively paid for by the Government and the taxpayer; a position endorsed by the Commons Registrar of Members' Interests.

Defeat
At the 2010 general election, Starkey ran in the redrawn seat of Milton Keynes South but lost to Conservative candidate Iain Stewart, whom she had previously defeated in 2001 and 2005.

Personal life
She married Hugh Walton Starkey on 6 September 1969. They have two daughters.

References

External links
 Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Phyllis Starkey MP
 TheyWorkForYou.com – Phyllis Starkey MP
 BBC Politics

News items
 BBC News – MPs take on the cistern 10 June 2008
 BBC News – Call for UK ban on fake-nail glue 30 December 2007
 BBC News – MP praises 'surf capital' Newquay 7 March 2007

1947 births
Living people
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford
Alumni of Clare Hall, Cambridge
Members of Oxford City Council
Politicians from Ipswich
Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
English biochemists
Fellows of Somerville College, Oxford
Fellows of St Antony's College, Oxford
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010
Politics of Milton Keynes
People educated at the Perse School for Girls
20th-century British women scientists
20th-century English women politicians
21st-century English women politicians
Women councillors in England
Scientists from Ipswich

Phyllis Starkey


Cristalul (numit mai rar și sticlă de plumb și în trecut cleștar) este o varietate de sticlă ce are spre deosebire de sticla obișnuită un conținut de plumb (în loc de calciu). Cristalul conține de obicei 18–40% oxid de plumb (II) (PbO) în procente de masă. Cristalul este apreciat datorită proprietăților sale decorative, fiind incoloră, transparentă și având de asemenea și o putere mare de refracție a luminii.

Istoric
Tehnica adăugării oxidului de plumb în sticlă (în procent de 10 până la 30%) a fost la origine descoperită de George Ravenscroft în 1674, și a avut ca și avantaje obținerea unei sticle cu un aspect îmbunătățit și proprietăți superioare.

Termenul de cristal nu este corect din punct de vedere tehnic, întrucât sticla este un solid amorf (deci fără structură cristalină). Totuși, termenul a rămas popular de-a lungul timpului datorită contextelor istorice și comerciale. Acesta a fost preluat de la cuvântul venețian cristallo, care era folosit pentru a descrie imitațiile de cristal de stâncă ce erau produse de sticlarii din Murano.

Proprietăți

Referințe

Vezi și

 Plumb
 Sticlă
 Swarovski

Artă pe sticlă
Ingineria sticlei
Aplicații ale sticlei

Cristal (sticlă)