Štakorski kanali (engleski: rat lines) je pojam koji su američke obavještajne službe i vojni krugovi koristili za puteve bijega vodećih predstavnika nacističkog režima, pripadnika SS-a te ustaša nakon završetka Drugog svjetskog rata. Zbog aktivnog sudjelovanja visokih predstavnika Katoličke crkve u tim rutama bijega, koristio se i naziv samostanske rute (njem. Klosterrouten) sve do uključenja tajne službe Sjedinjenih Država.

Putevi bijega vodili su preko Italije (uglavnom od Južnog Tirola do Genove) ili preko Španjolske (koja je tada bila pod vlašću diktatora Franca, u savezništvu s Hitlerom) do Južne Amerike, uglavnom Argentine, ali i u zemlje arapskog svijeta. Nakon Drugog svjetskog rata, velik broj nacista, fašista i suradnika iz različitih europskih zemalja izbjegao je tako kaznene progone.

Povezani članci

 Stille Hilfe
 Sjeverni štakorski kanal

Izvori

Literatura

 Sachslehner, Johannes (2019). Hitlers Mann im Vatikan: Bischof Alois Hudal. Ein dunkles Kapitel in der Geschichte der Kirche. Vienna-Graz: Molden, 2019. .
  Her account comes from testimony of Nazi war criminals helped by Hudal, such as Franz Stangl, Commandant of Treblinka extermination camp.
Wiesenthal, Simon (1989). Justice not Vengeance. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.

Drugi svjetski rat

Štakorski kanali


Kniphofia pauciflora es una planta herbácea de la familia Xanthorrhoeaceae. Es originaria del sur de África.

Descripción
Las plantas tienen estolones cortos formando pequeños grupos de tallos. Las hojas son suaves, erguidas, de 200-350 x 28 mm,  están canalizadas ligeramente por encima; el margen y la quilla lisa. El escapo desborda o casi iguala a las hojas, de 300-500 mm de altura. En forma de racimo ovoide, laxo y medio denso, con pocas flores,  de color amarillo a amarillo pálido. Pedicelos de 3-4 mm de largo. Brácteas acuminadas estrechamente lanceoladas, de 4-6 mm de largo, margen entero. El perianto es estrecho en forma de embudo, de 14-18 mm de largo. Fruto pequeño, subgloboso.

Distribución
Es conocida solo en dos zonas restringidas en KwaZulu-Natal en la zona de Durban, Pinetown y Richards Bay, en los pastizales pantanosos.

Puede ser diferenciada de la especie Kniphofia angustifolia  porque la segunda un poco más amplias las hojas y el perianto en forma de embudo estrecho. Su especie más afín es, probablemente,  Kniphofia pallidiflora Baker, de Madagascar, que tiene las flores más claramente en forma de embudo  y largos pedicelos.

Taxonomía
Kniphofia pauciflora fue descrita por  John Gilbert Baker y publicado en  J. Bot. 23: 280, en el año 1885.
Sinonimia
Kniphofia pedicellata Baker

Referencias

Enlaces externos

pauciflora

Kniphofia pauciflora


Antonino Sersale (Sorrento, 25 de junho de 1702 - Nápoles, 24 de junho de 1775) foi um cardeal do século XVIII

Nascimento
Nasceu em Sorrento em 25 de junho de 1702. Segundo filho de Cesare Sersale, signore de Cápua, e Anna (Maria Antonia) Antinori, descendente de uma das principais famílias de Florença. Recebeu o nome de Antonino por causa da grande veneração que sua mãe tinha por S. Antonino, arcebispo de Florença. As outras crianças eram Pietro, Giacomo, Beatrice e vários outros que morreram ao nascer. Seu primeiro nome também está listado como Antonio.

Educação
Ele recebeu sua educação inicial em casa com Antonio Antinori, seu tio materno; depois entrou no Seminário de Nápoles, onde estudou filosofia e teologia; mais tarde, ele frequentou a Universidade de Nápoles, obtendo um doutorado in utroque iure , tanto em direito canônico quanto civil, em 2 de maio de 1743..

Ordens sagradas
Recebeu o subdiaconato em 15 de abril de 1724; e o diaconato em 23 de setembro de 1724..

Sacerdócio
Foi ordenado em 26 de maio de 1725. Inscreveu-se entre os missionários da Congregação de S. Maria Regina degli Apostoli, dedicada à pregação, instrução e catequese do povo, tanto nas igrejas da capital como nas da província. Foi confessor assíduo na catedral de Sorrento. Decidindo ir a Nápoles para continuar exercendo sua pregação, foi nomeado capelão da Real Capela do Tesouro de S. Gennaro. O cardeal Giuseppe Spinelli, arcebispo de Nápoles, nomeou-o cônego presbítero do cabido da catedral de Nápoles em 1741. Por sua grande fama de doutrina e zelo, foi destinado pelo SC da Propaganda Fide a conduzir as missões na cidade e reino de Nápoles; ele alcançou grande sucesso em seu cargo; entre os assistentes de sua pregação estava o rei Carlos III da Espanha. Nomeado arcebispo de Brindisi pelo rei Carlos III por proposta do cardeal Spinelli..

Episcopado
Eleito arcebispo de Brindisi, 9 de setembro de 1743 (1) . Consagrado, 29 de setembro de 1743, na Igreja de San Giovanni delle Monache, Nápoles, pelo cardeal Giuseppe Spinelli, arcebispo de Nápoles, auxiliado por Giulio Capece Scondito, bispo de Anglona-Tursi, e por Carmine Cioffi, bispo titular de Antaeopolis. Transferido para a sede metropolitana de Taranto, em 16 de novembro de 1750 (2) . Quando o cardeal Spinelli renunciou à sede de Nápoles para residir em Roma, o arcebispo Sersale foi transferido para a sede metropolitana de Nápoles em 11 de fevereiro de 1754..

Cardinalado
Criado cardeal sacerdote no consistório de 22 de abril de 1754; recebeu o chapéu vermelho em 25 de abril de 1754; e o título de S. Pudenziana, a 20 de maio de 1754. Participou do conclave de 1758, que elegeu o Papa Clemente XIII. Participou do conclave de 1769, que elegeu o Papa Clemente XIV. Participou do conclave de 1774-1775, que elegeu o Papa Pio VI. Logo após o conclave, ele voltou a Nápoles e adoeceu com problemas respiratórios e hidropisia..

Morte
Morreu em Nápoles em 24 de junho de 1775. Seu corpo foi exposto na catedral metropolitana de Nápoles, onde ocorreu o solene funeral. O falecido cardeal foi enterrado no túmulo dos arcebispos. Na nave transversal da catedral de Nápoles foi erguido em sua memória um monumento em mármore, da autoria de Giuseppe Sammartino.

Cardeais nomeados pelo papa Bento XIV

Antonino Sersale


Poupa Pilim é um sítio português de lifestyle, publicação de promoções e artigos de poupança lançado a 21 de maio de 2021.

Descrição

O site aglomera folhetos de supermercado, catálogos de várias lojas, e dicas de poupança testadas pelo autor, para além de indicar semanalmente as flutuações dos preços dos combustíveis.

Em 2023 o Poupa Pilim começou também a publicar receitas de culinária com o intuito de ajudar as pessoas a poupar em idas ao restaurante ou takeaway.

Websites de Portugal

Poupa Pilim


ලෝහ () යනු මූල ද්‍රව්‍යය වර්ගීකරණය සිදු කරන එක ආකාරයක් වෙයි.

ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි

 Colored gold
 Ductility
 Ferrous metallurgy
 Metal theft
 Metallurgy
 Metalworking
 Polymetal
 Properties of metals, metalloids, and nonmetals
 Structural steel
 Transition metal

සටහන්

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැඳි

  of ASM International (formerly the American Society for Metals)
  of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society

ලෝහ


Jemensko-omanska granica duga je 294 km i 183 m i proteže se od tromeđe sa Saudijskom Arabijom na sjeveru do Arapskog mora na jugu.

Opis
Granica se u osnovi sastoji od jedne ravne crte orijentirane SZ-JI, od tromeđe sa Saudijskom Arabijom na sjeveru do obale Arapskog mora kod Ras Darbat Alija. Iznimka je malo trokutasto odstupamje otprilike na polovici granične crte, koji se urezuje u Jemen tako da grad Habarut ostavlja unutar granica Omana. Topografski granica prolazi pustinjom Rub' al Khali na sjeveru i Jabal Qamar u planinama Dhofar na jugu.

Povijest

Daleko istočno od današnjeg Jemena povijesno se formirao Sultanat Mahra, koji je postao dio britanskog protektorata Aden 1866. godine, premda je pritom zadržao određeni stupanj autonomije. U tom je razdoblju Oman bio pod neformalnim britanskim protektoratom. Oman je učvrstio svoju vlast nad jugozapadnom regijom Dhofar 1829. godine. Granica između Adena i Omana nije demarkirana tijekom kolonijalnog razdoblja, iako dokumenti britanske vlade pokazuju da je rt Ras Darbat Ali bio definiran kao najzapadnija točka Omana već u periodu 1933. – 35, uz napomenu u dokumentu britanske vlade da "se u tom trenutku smatralo da to pitanje nije od velike važnosti" U britanskom pismu iz 1947. godine navodi se da je "na karti jugoistočne Arabije 1: 2 000 000 granica prikazana zapadno od rta Ras Dharbar Ai, ali nije poznato na temelju kojeg autoriteta je to ucrtano. Planina se lokalno smatra granicom između zemlje Dhofar i zemlje Mahra na obali, iako nije jasno u kojoj mjeri se to primjenjuje u unutrašnjosti''."

U periodu 1962. – 3. Kolonija Aden podijeljena je na Federaciju Južne Arabije na zapadu i Južnoarapski Protektorat na istoku, a oba entiteta su ostala pod britanskom zaštitom. Nakon pobune u regiji, Britanija se u potpunosti povukla iz Adena i dva su se protektorata spojila, stekavši neovisnost kao Južni Jemen 1967. godine. Komunisti su preuzeli vlast 1969. godine, preimenujući zemlju u 'Narodnu Demokratsku Republiku Jemen' i ukidajući tradicionalnu poluautonomiju sultana Mahre. Sjeverni Jemen u to je vrijeme ostao zasebna država. Granica južnog Jemena s Omanom ostala je nefefinirana, a odnosi između dviju država pogoršali su se tijekom pobune u Dhofaru, jer je Južni Jemen dopustio komunističkim pobunjenicima iz Dhofara da imaju baze na njihovom teritoriju, što je za posljedicu imalo nekoliko prekograničnih okršaja. Odnosi su se poboljšali 1980-ih, a dvije su države uspostavile diplomatske odnose 1983.

Nakon sloma komunističke vlade u Južnom Jemenu i naknadnog ujedinjenja sa Sjevernim Jemenom 1990. godine, 1. listopada 1992. potpisan je sporazum o granici između Omana i Jemena kojim je granica finalizirana na trenutnom položaju. Pogranično područje je od tada, tijekom raznih građanskih ratova u Jemenu, uglavnom bilo mirno. Tijekom trenutnog rata granica je ostala pod nadzorom vlade Jemena, iako postoje izvještaji o krijumčarenju oružja preko granice, te omanskom i saudijskom uplitanju u jemensku muhafazu Al Mahra.

Granični prijelazi
Dva su glavna prijelaza: na Shahan (JEM) - Al-Mazyunah (OMN) na sjeveru i Hawf (JEM) - Sarfait (OMN) na jugu.

Izvori

Granice Omana
Granice Jemena

Jemensko-omanska granica


Als Camouflet (fr. camouflet) wird eine unterirdische Explosion bezeichnet, bei der kein Erdtrichter entsteht, sondern ein Hohlraum, wie etwa eine Kaverne.

Camouflet wird auch als Bezeichnung für einen Sprengkörper verwendet, der unterirdische (gegnerische) Stollen zum Einsturz bringen soll.

Etymologie
Camouflet leitet sich ab von dem französischen Begriff chault moufflet (≈ heißer Bengel) und wird in Émile Littrés Dictionnaire de la langue française bezeichnet als "dichter Rauch, den jemand einatmet, dem man boshafterweise eine entflammte Papierrolle unter die Nase hält"

Anwendung
Die Explosionen wurden von den Kontrasprengmeistern bei Festungsbelagerungen zur Zerstörung unterirdischer Gänge ausgelöst, die von ihren Gegnern unter  Bastionen, Kurtinen und andere Fortifikationsbauten angelegt worden waren. Im Ersten Weltkrieg wurden Camouflets genutzt, um unterirdische feindliche Stollen (auch Minen der Mineure genannt) zu zerstören.

Später wurden als Camouflet auch die Einschläge von Artilleriegeschossen, Minen oder Fliegerbomben bezeichnet, die ohne Bildung eines Kraters tief in den Boden eindrangen. Die britische Bombe Grand Slam war unter anderem dazu gedacht, den Baugrund neben einem Gebäude zu unterhöhlen, um dieses zum Einsturz zu bringen.

Im Bergbau werden Camoufletexplosionen ausgelöst, um Gebirgsschlägen zuvorzukommen.

Literatur
 Rittig von Flammenstern: Encyclopädisches Kriegs-Lexikon, oder Uebersicht aller im Land- und See-Kriege vorkommenden ... Kunstausdrücke mit beygefügter französischer Terminologie (etc.), Verlag: Catharina Gräffer, 1813, S. 112 (online Buchvorschau)

Einzelnachweise

Waffentechnik
Pyrotechnik
Sprengtechnik
!Explosion

Camouflet


ترو فورم  وهو من تكنولوجيا إكساء الرسوميات تم تكويره من قبل شركة إي تي آي و استخدم في بطاقات العرض المرئي الداعمة لدايركت إكس 8 و مكتبة الرسوميات المفتوحة في أجهزة MAC و PC. وأستخدم لأول مرة في سلسلة ريدون آر 200, ولكن بدون كونها جزءا من دايركت إكس و مكتبة الرسوميات المفتوحة.

مراجع

إي تي آي تيكنولوجيز

تصيير ثلاثي الأبعاد

ترو فورم


Luis de Vega (fl. 1532-Madrid, 10 de noviembre de 1562) fue un arquitecto español que trabajó como arquitecto del emperador Carlos I (junto con Alonso de Covarrubias) desde 1532. Ambos trabajaron entre las ciudades de Toledo y Madrid.

Biografía
Para Francisco de los Cobos, secretario del emperador, construyó en Valladolid un palacio (1534?) que años después sería adquirido por el Duque de Lerma para, a su vez, vendérselo a Felipe III. Del edificio original se conserva el patio principal. De la misma época es el Palacio de Dueñas en Medina del Campo, en el que la decoración del patio se atribuye a Esteban Jamete.

Una de las obras que le encarga Carlos I a Luis de Vega es la realización de las primeras trazas del Alcázar de Madrid (obteniendo título de maestro de los Alcázares Reales). En 1547 empieza la construcción del Palacio del Pardo posteriormente muy modificado, primero por Francisco de Mora y luego por Sabatini. Vega trazó un edificio de planta cuadrada con torres angulares rodeado por un foso, del que se conserva el patio central.

Con su sobrino, Gaspar de Vega, trabajó en Aranjuez y en el palacio de Valsaín. Desarrolló igualmente trazas de diseño en los Reales Alcázares de Sevilla, donde volvió a colaborar con Gaspar de Vega. Su labor continuó hasta los comienzos del reinado de Felipe II, hasta que se hace cargo de las obras el arquitecto Juan Bautista de Toledo.

Referencias

Arquitectos de España del siglo XVI
Arquitectos del Renacimiento en España

Luis de Vega


An Platycaulos callistachyus in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carl Sigismund Kunth, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Hans Peter Linder. An Platycaulos callistachyus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Platycaulos, ngan familia nga Restionaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Platycaulos

Platycaulos callistachyus


Crazy breakdancer på Strøget er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2008, der er instrueret af Jan Elhøj. Filmen er produceret til viral distribution primært på internettet og mobiltelefoner.

Handling
En tilfældig forbipasserende på Strøget filmer en gruppe seje breakdancere med sin mobiltelefon. En tilskuer bliver revet med af stemningen, mens danserne skiftes til at overgå hinanden med vilde tricks, indtil en af dem skiller sig ud med et særligt vildt ét.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2008

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film omhandlende København i 2000-tallet

Crazy breakdancer på Strøget


İspanya millî futbol takımı (İspanyolca: Selección Española de Fútbol), İspanya'yı ulusal seviyede temsil eden erkek millî futbol takımıdır. İspanya Kraliyet Futbol Federasyonu tarafından yönetilmektedir.

Avrupa'nın önde gelen millî takımlarından biridir. İspanya kulüp düzeyinde birçok başarıya imza atmasına rağmen 1964 yılında kazandığı Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası'ndan sonra uzunca bir duraklama dönemine girmiş ve ulusal düzeyde başarıya 2008 yılına değin ulaşamamıştır. 2008 yılında Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası'nda kazandığı şampiyonlukla yeniden sesini duyurmaya başlayan İspanya, 2010 FIFA Dünya Kupası Şampiyonu olarak bu başarısını perçinlemiştir. 2012 Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası'nda da kupaya uzanan İspanya, 2014 FIFA Dünya Kupası'nda grup maçları sonunda elenerek FIFA Dünya Kupası tarihinde, kupaya son şampiyon olarak gelip gruplarda turnuvaya veda eden 4. takım oldu.

1992 yılında Barselona'daki Olimpiyat Oyunları'nda altın madalya kazanmış, 1999 Dünya Gençler Şampiyonası'nda da şampiyon olmuştur. 2009 yılında Güney Afrika'da düzenlenen FIFA Konfederasyonlar Kupası'nda yarı finalde B grubundan sürpriz bir şekilde çıkan ABD'ye 2-0 yenilerek taraftarlarını büyük bir hayal kırıklığına uğratmışlardı. Eğer İspanya, bu maçta galip gelse Brezilya'nın 35 maçlık yenilmezlik serisi rekorunu kırmış olacakken; alınan skor sonrası rekora ortak olarak kaldı. Bu yenilgiyle beraber 15 maçlık üst üste kazanma serisi de sonlandı.
İspanya millî takım tarihinin en golcü ismi David Villa'dır.

Stadyum
İspanya'nın ulusal bir stadyumu yoktur. Büyük eleme maçları genellikle Madrid'deki Santiago Bernabéu Stadyumu'nda oynanmaktadır. Madrid'de bulunan Vicente Calderón Stadyumu'nda büyük olduğundan bazı maçlar burada oynanılmaktadır. İspanya, Calderon'da oynanan hiçbir maçta yenilmedi. Bazı hazırlık maçlarında Sevilla'nın stadı Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán Stadyumu'nda oynanmaktadır.

Yayın
İspanya'nın eleme ve hazırlık maçları Televisión Española ve Telecinco'dan izlenmektedir.

Turnuva tarihi
 Şampiyon   İkincilik   Üçüncülük   Dördüncülük    Yükseldi   Aynı ligde kaldı   Düştü   Finaller ev sahibi

FIFA Dünya Kupası tarihi

Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası tarihi

UEFA Uluslar Ligi tarihi

FIFA Konfederasyonlar Kupası

Yaz Olimpiyatları

Başarılar

Güncel kadro
Aşağıdaki 26 oyuncu, 2022 FIFA Dünya Kupası kadrosunda yer aldı.

23 Kasım 2022 itibarıyla Kosta Rika ile oynanan maçın ardından güncellendi.

İstatistikler

Millî Formayı En Fazla Giyenler

 Koyu Renkli yazılmış futbolcular, faal futbolculardır

Millî Formayla En Fazla Gol Atanlar

 Koyu Renkli yazılmış futbolcular, faal futbolculardır

Millî Formayla En Fazla Penaltı Golü Atanlar

Koyu Renkli yazılmış futbolcular, faal futbolculardır

Kaynakça

İspanya millî futbol takımı


Thomas L. Saaty (July 18, 1926 – August 14, 2017) was a Distinguished University Professor at the University of Pittsburgh, where he taught in the Joseph M. Katz Graduate School of Business. He is the inventor, architect, and primary theoretician of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a decision-making framework used for large-scale, multiparty, multi-criteria decision analysis, and of the Analytic Network Process (ANP), its generalization to decisions with dependence and feedback. Later on, he generalized the mathematics of the ANP to the Neural Network Process (NNP) with application to neural firing and synthesis but none of them gain such popularity as AHP.

He died on the 14th of August 2017 after a year-long battle with cancer.

Prior to coming to the University of Pittsburgh, Saaty was professor of statistics and operations research at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania (1969–79). Before that, he spent fifteen years working for U.S. government agencies and for companies doing government-sponsored research. His employers at that time included the Operations Evaluation Group of MIT at the Pentagon, the Office of Naval Research, and the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency at the U.S. State Department.

Contributions
Saaty was a Distinguished University Professor at the University of Pittsburgh. He has made contributions in the fields of operations research (parametric linear programming, epidemics and the spread of biological agents, queuing theory, and behavioral mathematics as it relates to operations), arms control and disarmament, and urban design. He has written more than 35 books and 350 papers on mathematics, operations research, and decision making. Their subjects include graph theory and its applications, nonlinear mathematics, analytical planning, and game theory and conflict resolution. According to the Mathematics Genealogy Project, he has had 14 doctoral students.  Saaty himself was a student of Einar Hille at Yale.

In line with his long-time interest in peace and conflict resolution, in 1983 Saaty proposed that an International Center for Conflict Resolution needs to be established that would have branches in many countries and would be manned by retired diplomats, negotiators and conflict analysts. This idea was first published in an article "Center for Conflict Resolution," in the March 1984 issue of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, and it later appeared as an appendix in his 1989 book on Conflict Resolution co-authored with J.M. Alexander. A current revised version of this proposal is posted here with his University of Pittsburgh vita.

A 2002 article listing the most important contributions to operations research from 1954 to date listed four from Saaty: "Parametric Programming" (1954, with S. I. Gass), "Mathematical Methods of Operations Research" (1959), "Elements of Queueing Theory" (1961), and "The Analytic Hierarchy Process" (1980). The book on operations research was the first to summarize the formal mathematical methods in the field of Operations Research and was translated to Russian and Japanese. The comprehensive work on queueing theory was reviewed by D.G. Kendall of Oxford University in Mathematical Reviews who wrote that this book is "a substantial encyclopedia of queueing theory whose scope is indicated by the 910 items in the bibliography at the end of the book." The book "Mathematical Methods of Arms Control and Disarmament" was reviewed in Management Science in April 1969, "This fascinating book is an important contribution to the present task of discovering some valid underlying mathematical structures in politics...highly recommended both because of its numerous fascinating models and because of the deadly importance of its subject."  The Analytic Hierarchy Process itself anticipates the PageRank algorithm by more than 20 years, with the same basic idea of using the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of a suitable matrix.

Saaty has been elected to the National Academy of Engineering (2005), and the Real Academia de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales (Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences, 1971). In 1973, he received the Lester R. Ford Award from the Mathematical Association of America for expository excellence in his paper "Thirteen Colorful Variations on Guthrie's Four-color Conjecture" on the four color problem, and in 2000 he was awarded the gold medal of the International Society on Multi-criteria Decision Making. He is the 2007 recipient of the Akao Prize  of the QFD Institute. In 2008, he received the INFORMS Impact Prize for his development of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The Impact Prize is awarded every two years to recognize contributions that have had a broad impact on the fields of operations research and the management sciences. Emphasis is placed on the breadth of the impact of an idea or body of research. In 2011 he was awarded, in a , the Doktor Honoris Causa degree by Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland. In December 2011 he received the Herbert Simon Award for Outstanding Contribution in Information Technology and Decision Making for the paper "The Possibility Of Group Welfare Functions" coauthored with Professor Luis G. Vargas, published in the International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making (IJITDM), Most of the university scholars are working on the basis he provided, Anum Bakhtyar.

Saaty died at the age of 91 on August 14, 2017, 14 months after a cancer diagnosis.

Education
PhD, Mathematics, Yale University, 1953 (thesis, under Einar Carl Hille: "On the Bessel Tricomi Equation"). Post-graduate study, University of Paris, 1952–53. MA, Mathematics, Yale University, 1951. MS, Physics, The Catholic University of America, 1949. BA, Columbia Union College, 1948.

Bibliography

Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)
1980 The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning, Priority Setting, Resource Allocation, , McGraw-Hill
1982 Decision Making for Leaders: The Analytical Hierarchy Process for Decisions in a Complex World, , Wadsworth. 1988, Paperback, , RWS
1982 The Logic of Priorities: Applications in Business, Energy, Health, and Transportation, with Luis G. Vargas,  (Hardcover)  (Paperback), Kluwer-Nijhoff
1985 Analytical Planning: The Organization of Systems, with Kevin P. Kearns, , Pergamon
1989 Conflict Resolution: The Analytic Hierarchy Process, with Joyce Alexander, , Praeger
1991 Prediction, Projection and Forecasting: Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process in Economics, Finance, Politics, Games and Sports, with Luis G. Vargas, , Kluwer Academic
1992 The Hierarchon: A Dictionary of Hierarchies, with Ernest H. Forman, , RWS
1994 Fundamentals of Decision Making and Priority Theory with the Analytic Hierarchy Process, , RWS
1994 Decision Making in Economic, Social and Technological Environments, with Luis G. Vargas, , RWS
1996 Vol. III and IV of the Analytic Hierarchy Process Series,  RWS
2001 Models, Methods, Concepts & Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process, with Luis G. Vargas, , Kluwer Academic
2007 Group Decision Making: Drawing Out and Reconciling Differences, with Kirti Peniwati, , RWS
2008 Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process, Int. J. Services Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2008 (http://www.colorado.edu/geography/leyk/geog_5113/readings/saaty_2008.pdf ) - includes a statement of priority scales which measure intangibles in relative terms.

Analytic network process (ANP)
1996 Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process, , RWS
2005 Theory and Applications of the Analytic Network Process: Decision Making with Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks, , RWS
2005 The Encyclicon, A Dictionary of Decisions with Dependence and Feedback based on the Analytic Network Process, with Müjgan S. Özdemir, , RWS
2006 Decision Making with the Analytic Network Process: Economic, Political, Social and Technological Applications with Benefits, Opportunities, Costs and Risks, with Luis G. Vargas, , Springer
2008 The Encyclicon, Volume 2: A Dictionary of Complex Decisions using the Analytic Network Process, with Brady Cillo, , RWS
2008 The analytic hierarchy and analytic network measurement processes: Applications to decisions under Risk', European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 1 (1), 122–196, (2008)

Neural network process (NNP)
1999 The Brain: Unraveling the Mystery of How it Works, The Neural Network Process, , RWS
2009 Principia Mathematica Decernendi: Mathematical Principles of Decision Making - Generalization of the Analytic Network Process to Neural Firing and Synthesis, , RWS

Operations research
1959 Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, no ISBN (translated into Japanese and Russian), McGraw-Hill. 1988 Extended edition, , Dover (paperback)
1961 Elements of Queueing Theory with Applications, no ISBN (translated into Russian, Spanish and German), McGraw-Hill

Mathematics
1964 Nonlinear Mathematics, with J. Bram, no ISBN, McGraw-Hill. 1981 Reprinted as , Dover (paperback)
1964-1965 Lectures on Modern Mathematics, Volumes I, II, III (Thomas L. Saaty, Editor), no ISBN (translated into Japanese), John Wiley
1965 Finite Graphs and Networks, with R. Busacker, no ISBN (translated into Japanese, Russian, German and Hungarian), McGraw-Hill
1967 Modern Nonlinear Equations, no ISBN, McGraw-Hill. 1981, reprinted as , Dover (paperback)
1969 The Spirit and Uses of the Mathematical Sciences, (Thomas L. Saaty, Editor, with F.J. Weyl), no ISBN, McGraw-Hill
1970 Optimization in Integers and Related Extremal Problems, no ISBN (translated into Russian), McGraw-Hill
1977 The Four-Color Problem; Assaults and Conquest, , with Paul C. Kainen, McGraw-Hill. 1986 Revised edition, , Dover (paperback)

Applied mathematics
1968 Mathematical Models of Arms Control and Disarmament, , John Wiley
1973 Topics in Behavioral Mathematics, no ISBN, Mathematical Association of America
1981 Thinking with Models: Mathematical Models in the Physical, Biological, and Social Sciences, with Joyce Alexander, hardback , paperback , Pergamon

Other topics
1973 Compact City, with George B. Dantzig, hardback , paperback  (translated into Japanese and Russian), W.H. Freeman
1990 Embracing the Future, with Larry W. Boone, , Praeger
2001 Creative Thinking, Problem Solving & Decision Making, , RWS
2013 Compact City: The Next Urban Evolution in Response to Climate Change'', , RWS

References

External links
University of Pittsburgh faculty biography of Thomas L. Saaty
Decision Lens Board of Advisors
Real Academia de Ciencias, Relación de Académicos
 Biography of Thomas L. Saaty from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences

1926 births
2017 deaths
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Iraqi mathematicians
Queueing theorists
Catholic University of America alumni
Yale University alumni
University of Pittsburgh faculty
University of Pennsylvania faculty
People from Mosul
American people of Iraqi descent
American operations researchers
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering

Thomas L. Saaty


نطاق المستوى الأعلى أو النطاقات العلوية (TLD) هو أحد أعلى المستويات في نظام اسم النطاق الهرمي للإنترنت. ويعتبر الجزء الأخير من اسم أي النطاق، وهو التصنيف الأخير لاسم نطاق مؤهل بالكامل.

مثلاً، في النطاق www.example.com، فأن نطاق المستوى الأعلى هو com.

إن مسؤولية إدارة معظم نطاقات المستوى الأعلى معطاة لمؤسسات محددة من قبل آيكان (ICANN)، والتي تدير أيانا (IANA) ، وهي مسؤولة عن نظام أسماء النطاقات DNS.

تصنّف أيانا نطاقات المستوى الأعلى حسب المجموعات التالية:

 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى لرمز الدولة (ccTLD).
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى العامة (gTLD).
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى التابعة لمنظمة أو هيئة عامة (sTLD).
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى غير التابعة لمنظمة أو هيئة عامة (uTLD).
 نطاق المستوى الأعلى للبنية التحتية للإنترنت (.arpa)

التاريخ
تم تنظيم مساحة المجال ذات المستوى الأعلى أساساً في ثلاث مجموعات رئيسية، وهي: البلدان، والفئات، والمنظمات المتعددة. بالإضافة إلى مجموعة مؤقتة إضافية من نظام أسماء النطاقات الأولي فقط، (arpa)، وكان مخصصًا للفترة الانتقالية حتى يتم إقرار نظام اسم النطاق.

الأنواع
اعتبارًا من عام 2015م، صنّفت أيانا نطاقات المستوى الأعلى حسب المجموعات التالية:

 نطاق المستوى الأعلى للبنية التحتية لإنترنت (ARPA): تتكون هذه المجموعة من نطاق واحد، وهو موجّه لعنوان ومسار معيّن. وتتم إدارته من قبل أيانا نيابةً عن مجموعة مهندسي شبكة الإنترنت.
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى العامة (gTLD): نطاقات المستوى الأعلى المكونة من ثلاثة أحرف أو أكثر.
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى العامة المقيدة (grTLD): تتم إدارة هذه النطاقات جهات معتمدة رسمياً من قبل آيكان.
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى التابعة لمنظمة أو هيئة عامة (sTLD): تُقدّم هذه النطاقات وتستخدمها وكالات أو منظمات خاصة تضع وتنفذ قواعد تقيد الأهلية لاستخدام TLD.
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى لرمز الدولة (ccTLD): يتم إنشاء نطاقات من حرفين للبلدان أو الأقاليم. مع بعض الاستثناءات التاريخية، يكون رمز أي إقليم هو نفس رمز ISO 3166 المكون من حرفين.
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى لرمز الدول الدولي (IDN ccTLD): وهي مكونة من أحرف غير اللاتينية (على سبيل المثال، العربية أو السيريلية أو العبرية أو الصينية).
 نطاقات المستوى الأعلى للتجارب (tTLD): يتم إنشاء هذه النطاقات تحت عنوان .test لأغراض الاختبار في عملية تطوير IDN؛ هذه المجالات غير موجودة في نظام أسماء النطاقات.

يتم تعيين البلدان في نظام أسماء النطاقات من خلال رمز البلد المكون من حرفين وفقًا للمنظمة الدولية للمعايير (ISO)، ولكن هناك استثناءات (على سبيل المثال، .uk).

تتألف نطاقات المستوى الأعلى العامة التي تم ذكرها من gov وedu وcom وmil وorg وnet. وأيضاً تم إضافة المزيد من نطاقات المستوى الأعلى العامة مثل .info

نطاقات المستوى الأعلى للدول النامية
هي نطاقات لها اسم معيّن خصيصًا ليتم عرضه في تطبيقات المستفيد، مثل متصفح الويب، بالحروف الأبجدية للغة الأم، مثل الأبجدية العربية، أو نظام كتابة غير أبجدي، مثل الأحرف الصينية.

بدأت آيكان قبول طلبات نطاقات المستوى الأعلى للدول النامية في نوفمبر 2009، وطُبِّقت أول دفعة في نظام أسماء النطاقات في مايو 2010، وهي مجموعة من الأسماء العربية لبلدان مثل مصر والمملكة العربية السعودية والإمارات العربية المتحدة. وفي مايو 2010، قدمت 21 دولة عدة طلبات إلى آيكان، تمثّل 11 وثيقة.

النطاقات التاريخية
في أواخر الثمانينات، أنشأ مركز معلومات الشبكة نطاق ناتو (nato) لاستخدامه من قبل حلف الناتو. اعتبر حلف الناتو آنذاك أنه لا يوجد نطاق مستوى أعلى يظهر بشكل كافٍ وضعهم كمنظمة دولية. بعد فترة وجيزة من إنشاء النطاق، أنشأ مركز معلومات الشبكة أيضًا نطاق مستوى أعلى دولي (TLD int) للاستخدام من قبل المنظمات الدولية بشكل عام. وفي نهاية المطاف، تم إزالة نطاق المستوى الأعلى-ناتو، ولم يعد يستخدم منذ يوليو 1996.

الاستخدام التجاري لـمجالات المستوى الأعلى لكود البلد

قد قامت عدة دول صغيرة بترخيص نطاقاتها للاستخدام التجاري العام (الغير تابع للدولة)، مثل دولة نييوي، التي رخصت نطاق .nu

جزيرة توفالو عقدت اتفاقا مع شركة فيري ساين لبيع نطاقها .tv للمحطات التليفيزيونية، وولايات مكرونيسيا المتحدة، عقدت هي الأخرى أيضا اتفاقا على بيع نطاقها .fm لمحطات الراديو (المحطات الإذاعية). جزر كوكس أعلنت عن نطاقها .cc أنه نطاق الـCom. القادم، الذي حصل على شهرة عريضة، بسبب رخصه الشديد مقارنةً بنطاق Com..

النطاقات العلوية العربية
ضمن مشروع النطاقات العربية، تم تقديم مقترح لنطاقات علوية عربية:

مصادر

انظر أيضاً
 الإنترنت
 مجال انترنت (اسم نطاق)
 سيرفر

وصلات خارجية
 تحرير نطاق المستوى الأعلى (دقة 4080x2040)
 كيف يعمل خادم الويب

استحداثات عقد 1980
إدارة الإنترنت
تأسيسات عقد 1980
ترميز جغرافي
مجالات المستوى الأعلى
معايير
معرفات
نظام أسماء النطاقات

نطاق المستوى الأعلى


Ana Miriam De Sousa Do Espirito Ferreira (n. 23 aprilie 1985, în Lisabona) este o handbalistă portugheză care joacă pentru clubul românesc CSM Roman pe postul de intermediar stânga.

Carieră
După un parcurs pe la echipe din cinci țări diferite, Ana de Sousa a jucat mai mulți ani consecutivi în Franța, mai întâi la Le Havre AC, între 2011 și 2015, unde a devenit unul din cei mai buni interi dreapta din campionatul francez. Cu Le Havre AC, de Sousa a câștigat Cupa Challenge în 2012.

În 2013, cu ocazia evenimentului anual Nuit du handball (în ), ea a fost desemnată cel mai bun intermediar dreapta din campionatul Franței.

După ce Le Havre AC a retrogradat în divizia secundă, Ana de Sousa a părăsit clubul în vara anului 2015 și s-a transferat la Chambray TH, tot în divizia secundă. Handbalista a jucat pentru Chambray până în 2017, când a semnat cu CSM Roman.

Palmares
Club
Campionatul Portugaliei:
Câștigătoare: 2005, 2006

Cupa Portugaliei:
 Câștigătoare: 2005, 2006

Campionatul Sloveniei:
Câștigătoare: 2010

Cupa Sloveniei:
 Câștigătoare: 2010

Cupa Cupelor EHF:
Finalistă: 2011

Cupa Challenge EHF:
 Câștigătoare: 2012
Semifinalistă: 2015

Premii personale
Cel mai bun inter dreapta din Liga Feminină Franceză de Handbal D1: 2012/13;

Note

Legături externe
Statisticile Anei Miriam de Sousa pe pagina image4sporthandball.com

Nașteri în 1985
Sportivi portughezi în viață
Jucătoare de handbal din Portugalia
Handbaliști expatriați
Portughezi expatriați în Franța
Portughezi expatriați în Italia
Portughezi expatriați în Slovenia
Portughezi expatriați în Spania
Portughezi expatriați în România
Oameni din Lisabona

Ana Miriam de Sousa


Balerina ili baletan je plesni umjetnik koji izvodi baletna djela na pozornici, najčešće kao član baletne trupe.

Među najpoznatije baletne umjetnike ubrajaju se Rudolf Nurejev, Ana Pavlova, Galina Ulanova...

Balet

Balerina


Mark Astley (* 30. März 1969 in Calgary, Alberta) ist ein ehemaliger kanadisch-schweizerischer Eishockeyspieler, der in seiner aktiven Zeit von 1987 bis 2007 unter anderem für die Buffalo Sabres in der National Hockey League gespielt hat.

Karriere
Mark Astley begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler bei den Calgary Canucks, für die er in der Saison 1987/88 in der Alberta Junior Hockey League aktiv war. Anschließend besuchte er vier Jahre lang die Lake Superior State University, für deren Eishockeymannschaft er parallel zu seinem Studium in der Central Collegiate Hockey Association aktiv war. Mit seiner Universitätsmannschaft gewann er 1991 die Meisterschaft der CCHA und ein Jahr später den NCAA-Meistertitel. Von 1992 bis 1994 spielte der Verteidiger je ein Jahr lang für den HC Lugano und den HC Ambrì-Piotta in der Schweizer Nationalliga A. Gegen Ende der Saison 1993/94 gab er sein Debüt für die Buffalo Sabres, die ihn bereits während seines Studiums im NHL Entry Draft 1989 in der zehnten Runde als insgesamt 194. Spieler ausgewählt hatten, in der National Hockey League. Dort verbrachte er auch die folgenden beiden Spielzeiten, wobei er in der Saison 1994/95 überwiegend für Buffalos Farmteam Rochester Americans in der American Hockey League auf dem Eis stand. Die Saison 1996/97 verbrachte der Olympiateilnehmer von 1994 bei den Phoenix Roadrunners aus der International Hockey League.

Zur Saison 1997/98 kehrte Astley zu seinem Schweizer Ex-Klub HC Lugano in die NLA zurück. Mit der Mannschaft gewann er in den Spielzeiten 1998/99 und 2002/03 jeweils den Schweizer Meistertitel. Die Saison 2004/05 verbrachte er bei Luganos Ligarivalen SCL Tigers. Zuletzt lief er von 2005 bis 2007 für den NLA-Teilnehmer EHC Basel auf.

International
Für Kanada nahm Astley an den Olympischen Winterspielen 1994 in Lillehammer teil, bei denen er mit seiner Mannschaft die Silbermedaille gewann.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen

International
 1994 Silbermedaille bei den Olympischen Winterspielen

Statistik

Weblinks

Eishockeynationalspieler (Kanada)
Eishockeyspieler (Lake Superior State Lakers)
Eishockeyspieler (Rochester Americans)
Eishockeyspieler (Buffalo Sabres)
Eishockeyspieler (Phoenix Roadrunners, IHL)
Eishockeyspieler (HC Lugano)
Eishockeyspieler (HC Ambrì-Piotta)
Eishockeyspieler (SCL Tigers)
Eishockeyspieler (EHC Basel)
Olympiateilnehmer (Kanada)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1994
Schweizer Meister (Eishockey)
Kanadier
Schweizer
Geboren 1969
Mann

Mark Astley


Joe Brown may refer to:

Arts and entertainment
Joe Brown (actor)  (1884–1965), American actor
Joe Brown (judge) (born 1947), television judge and former Tennessee state criminal court judge
Joe Brown (singer) (born 1941), British singer
Joe David Brown (1915–1976), American novelist
Joe E. Brown (1891–1973), American actor and comedian

Sports

Baseball
Joe Brown (pitcher) (1900–1950), American Major League baseball player
Joe Brown (third baseman) (1902–?), minor league baseball player
Joe Brown (utility player) (1859–1888), 19th century baseball player
Joe L. Brown (1918–2010), Major League Baseball front office executive

Football
Joe Brown (footballer, born 1920) (1920–2004), English footballer
Joe Brown (footballer, born 1929) (1929–2014), English footballer and manager
Joe Brown (footballer, born 1988), English footballer

Other sports
Joe Brown (climber) (1930–2020), English mountaineer
Joe Brown (boxer) (1926–1997), American boxer
Joe Brown (rugby league) (born 1999), English rugby league footballer for Bradford Bulls
Joe Brown (sculptor) (1909–1985), American boxer, coach (Princeton University), sculptor and sculpture instructor
Joe Brown (American football) (born 1977), American football defensive tackle

Other people
Joe Ellis Brown (1933–2018), member of the South Carolina House of Representatives, 1986–2006
Joseph E. Brown (1821–1894), governor of the U.S. state of Georgia, 1853–1865
Joe Brown (impresario), New Zealand entrepreneur and entertainment promoter

See also
Joe Browne, American football executive
Joseph Brown (disambiguation)

Joe Brown


Guvernul neerlandez în exil (în ), cunoscut, de asemenea, sub numele de Cabinetul de la Londra (în ) a fost guvernul în exil al Țărilor de Jos, condus de regina Wilhelmina, care a fost evacuat la Londra după invazia germană a țării în timpul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial pe 10 mai 1940.

Context politic și plecarea în exil
Înaintea anului 1940, Țările de Jos erau un stat neutru, care avea în general relații bune cu Germania. În cursul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial, Germania a invadat Țările de Jos, care s-a predat câteva zile mai târziu deoarece armata neerlandeză se afla în imposibilitatea de a rezista atacului în stil blitzkrieg al Germaniei. În mai 1940, la doar câteva zile după atac, regina Wilhelmina a părăsit țara și s-a refugiat la Londra. Guvernul neerlandez condus de primul ministru De Geer o va urma o zi mai târziu, după invazia germană. Guvernul și-a stabilit sediul în Stratton House din Piccadilly, Londra, peste drum de Green Park. Inițial, speranța lor era că Franța se va regrupa și va elibera Țările de Jos. Deși a existat o încercare în această direcție, ea a eșuat curând deoarece forțele Aliate au fost înconjurate și forțate să evacueze la Dunkerque. Forțele armate neerlandeze din Țările de Jos, cu excepția celor din Zeeland, s-au predat pe 15 mai 1940. În Marea Britanie, regina Wilhelmina a preluat conducerea guvernului neerlandez în exil.

Guvernul în exil s-a confruntat în curând cu o dilemă. După ce Franța a fost învinsă, guvernul regimului de la Vichy care a venit la putere a colaborat cu Hitler. Acest lucru a dus la un conflict între De Geer și regină. De Geer a vrut să se întoarcă în Țările de Jos și să colaboreze cu ocupanții. Guvernul în exil controla încă Indiile de Est Neerlandeze, cu toate resursele sale: teritoriul de peste mări era al treilea cel mai mare producător de petrol al timpului (după SUA și URSS). Wilhelmina a înțeles că dacă Țările de Jos ar colabora cu Germania, Indiile de Est Neerlandeze se vor preda Japoniei, așa cum s-a predat Indochina Franceză din ordinul guvernului de la Vichy.

Exilul la Londra

Pentru că speranța pentru eliberarea Țărilor de Jos era acum intrarea SUA sau URSS în război, regina l-a demis pe primul ministru De Geer și l-a înlocuit cu Pieter Sjoerds Gerbrandy, care a lucrat cu Churchill și cu Roosevelt pentru a pregăti intrarea SUA în război. Aruba și Curaçao, care dețineau mai multe rafinării de petrol, au fost importanți furnizori de produse petroliere către Aliați. Aruba a devenit protectorat britanic între 1940 și 1942 și protectorat american din 1942 până în 1945. Pe 23 noiembrie 1941, în cadrul unui acord cu guvernul neerlandez în exil, Statele Unite ale Americii au ocupat Guyana Neerlandeză pentru a proteja minele de bauxită. Un boicot petrolier a fost impus Japoniei, care a contribuit la declanșarea atacului de la Pearl Harbor.

În septembrie 1944, guvernele în exil ale Belgiei, Țărilor de Jos și Luxemburgului au început să elaboreze un acord cu privire la crearea Uniunii Vamale Benelux. Acordul a fost semnat la Convenția Vamală de la Londra din 5 septembrie 1944.

Această acțiune neobișnuită a reginei a fost ulterior ratificată de Parlamentul Țărilor de Jos în 1946. Churchill a numit-o atunci pe regină "singurul bărbat din guvernul neerlandez".

După încheierea celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial, Wilhelmina și guvernul său au revenit din exil pentru a restabili un regim mai democratic decât fusese anterior.

Referințe

Foste state din Europa
Țările de Jos în Al Doilea Război Mondial

Guvernul neerlandez în exil


Vélez-Blanco, İspanya'nın on yedi özerk bölgesinden en kalabalık ikinci bölge olan Endülüs'e bağlı; İspanya'nın güneyinde bulunan Almería eyaletine bağlı belediye. 2009 yılındaki nüfusu; 2,259 kişidir. Belediye, 441 km²'lik bir alanı kaplamaktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynak: INE (Spain)

Dış bağlantılar
  Vélez-Blanco - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía
  Vélez-Blanco - Diputación Provincial de Almería
  Vélez-Blanco  - Asociación Ágora

Vélez-Blanco


Jules Franceschi (Bar-sur-Aube,  - París, ) fue un escultor francés de origen italiano.

Datos biográficos

Franceschi fue alumno en el taller de François Rude en la École des Beaux-Arts de París . Creó bustos, estatuas y monumentos.

Franceschi fue galardonado con varias medallas y en 1874 la Cruz de la Legión de Honor.

Obras
Entre las obras de Jules Franceschi se incluyen las siguientes:
Obras (selección)

 Estatua de bronce de Magenta enamorado de Miecislas Kamieński para su tumba en el cementerio de Montmartre (1861)
Estatua de mármol de una Danaide (1863),
 La fe y la elevación (1866)
estatua en piedra arenisca de San Sulpicio (1867)
 Hermana Martha (1868)
 El despertar, Mármol (1873)
 La muerte del comandante Baroche para Le Bourget (1874)
 Busto de Jacques Offenbach para su tumba en el cementerio de Montmartre

<small>'' Pulsar sobre la imagen para ampliar.

Notas y referencias

 Enlaces internos
Legión de Honor

 Enlaces externos

Escultores de Francia del siglo XIX
Escultores de Champaña-Ardenas
Caballeros de la Legión de Honor
Fallecidos en París
Nacidos en Bar-sur-Aube

Jules Franceschi


Pluft, o Fantasminha é uma minissérie brasileira produzida pela Globo Filmes em co-produção com a Raccord Filmes e o Gloob. E exibida pela TV Globo, de 8 até 22 de janeiro de 2023, em 3 capítulos. Baseada na peça teatral de Maria Clara Machado, e é uma versão estendida do filme lançado em 2022. Adaptado por Cacá Mourthé e José Lavigne, com direção de Rosane Svartman.

Enredo
A história mostra a inesperada amizade entre o fantasma Pluft que morre de medo de gente e a menina Maribel. Ela é sequestrada pelo pirata Perna de Pau, que quer usá-la para roubar o tesouro deixado pelo seu avô, o falecido Capitão Bonança Arco-íris. Na casa abandonada o onde o velho morou, Maribel espera pela ajuda dos atrapalhados marinheiros Sebastião, João e Julião.

Produção

Antecedentes
A peça foi encenada pela primeira vez no Teatro O Tablado, no Rio de Janeiro, em setembro de
1955, com direção da própria autora, pela qual recebeu o prêmio APCA.

Em 1975, já tinha sido adaptada para o formato de minissérie pela TV Globo, em parceria com a TVE. Adaptada e dirigida por Geraldo Casé e teve Dirce Migliaccio e Norma Blum nos papéis principais.

Dois filmes foram baseados na obra. Em 1961, produzido por Romain Lesage e interpretado por Dirce Migliacio, e em 2022, dirigido por Rosane Svartman, sendo o primeiro em 3D lançado no Brasil.

Ver também

 Pluft, o Fantasminha (1955), peça de teatro escrita por Maria Clara Machado
 Pluft, o Fantasminha (1962), filme dirigido por Romain Lesage
 Pluft, o Fantasminha (2023), minissérie exibida pela Rosane Svartman

Pluft, o Fantasminha (minissérie)


Rough Trade (1968–1988) was a Canadian rock band centred on singer Carole Pope and multi-instrumentalist Kevan Staples.  The band was noted for their provocative lyrics and stage antics; singer Pope often performed in bondage attire, and their 1981 hit "High School Confidential" was one of the first explicitly lesbian-themed Top 40 hits in the world.

Biography

Early years (1968–1979)
The first iteration of the band was formed in 1968, in Toronto, when Carole Pope (vocals, guitars) and Kevan Staples (keyboards, guitars) began performing in a folk group known as "O". Their musical partner in this venture was Clive Smith. In 1970, Smith left the group, and Pope and Staples changed their name to "The Bullwhip Brothers", performing as a largely acoustic duo at Toronto art festivals and at private events.

In 1973, the band was renamed Rough Trade, and was joined by percussionist Chris Faulkner, bassist Bob Jennings, and drummer Donny McDougal. As would happen frequently going forward, the players supporting Pope and Staples were subject to sometimes wholesale change, and by 1974, the Pope/Staples duo was joined by Hap Roderman, Jane Cessine, Sharon Smith and Marv Kanarek. The band, through their theatrical combination of rock, R&B and raw sexuality (Pope often performed in bondage attire), became a popular draw on Toronto's live music scene through their regular shows at Grossman's Tavern, in Toronto.

Rough Trade was the first rock band to record a direct to disc album with 1976's Rough Trade Live, which despite the title, was actually a studio recording. Each side was performed live (without an audience) all the way through, and cut directly to the mastering disc for greater audio fidelity. By this time, the band's line-up was Pope, Staples, JoAnn Brooks (vocals, percussion), Rick Gratton (drums), Michael Fonfara (keyboards, arranger), and Peter Hodgson (bass). As would be the case throughout the band's entire career, the majority of the album's songs were written by Pope and Staples. In the same year, Geoff Travis opened the first Rough Trade record shop in London, reportedly taking the appellation from the band; this eventually led to the formation of the similarly named Rough Trade Records in 1978.

On December 19, 1977, the band presented a newly created live musical called Restless Underwear, which co-starred Divine alongside the band (who by this time had added an additional back-up singer, Luci Martin-Keyes). The show, which played at Toronto's prestigious Massey Hall, was noted for its outrageous (for the time) sexual satire. However, aside from Pope and Staples, the rest of the band quit after Restless Underwear had completed its one-show run in a dispute over payment.

After a six-month layoff, Pope and Staples rebuilt the band, adding David McMorrow, Bucky Berger, Terry Wilkins, Bert Hermiston, Colina Phillips and Betty Richardson to the line-up at various points in 1978 and 1979. The group resumed playing regular Toronto shows, most often at the Horseshoe Tavern. In 1978, Tim Curry would issue a cover of the Rough Trade song "Birds of a Feather", from their 1976 direct to disc album.  Pope and Staples were also at the time involved in writing music for film and television soundtracks, and in 1978 they picked up a Genie Award for their work on the made-for-TV film One Night Stand.

On February 14, 1980, the band performed their musical revue Restless Underwear at Manhattan's Beacon Theatre. However, the event was promoted by the venue as a show by Divine, who in fact only sang two songs in the revue, both in act two.  As a result, the show was received poorly. Later that year, the band line-up was again reshuffled, settling into a stable five-person line-up of Carole Pope (vocals), Kevan Staples (guitars, keyboards, etc.), David McMorrow (keyboards), Terry Wilkins (bass) and Bucky Berger (drums). The band also performed in the Canadian horror film, Deadline, that same year.

Commercial peak (1980–1983)
The new iteration of Rough Trade landed a record contract with True North Records in mid-1980, and recorded the group's second album Avoid Freud, which was released in October 1980. The official first single was the deliberately controversial "What's the Furor About the Fuhrer?", but radio stations flipped the single over and the B-side "Fashion Victim" became a top 40 hit in Canada.

The controversy surrounding the raunchy lesbian-themed second single "High School Confidential" helped propel the song into the Canadian top 20, and made the band stars. The band sang this song on a notable 1981 appearance on SCTV, a prominent Canadian comedy show that also aired in the U.S.

The band's next album was 1981's For Those Who Think Young.  (The title was originally meant to be "For Those Who Think Jung", a play on their earlier Avoid Freud LP as well as a reference to Carl Jung.) Although not as widely remembered as "High School Confidential" today, the LP's first single, the sexually charged "All Touch", was the band's most successful single on the Canadian charts during their career, peaking at no. 12. The release of both "All Touch" and its parent album was delayed by nearly a year in international markets, with "All Touch" peaking in Australia at no. 40 in January 1983 and spending 40 weeks in the Top 100. "All Touch" also became Rough Trade's only U.S. chart hit, peaking at no. 58 in early 1983. Although the song widely was believed to have the potential to break into the top 40, the bankruptcy of the band's American distributor Boardwalk Records halted its progress on the charts as the single ceased to be available in stores.

During the recording of Rough Trade's 1982 album Shaking the Foundations, Wilkins and Berger left and were replaced by Howard Ayee (bass) and Jorn Anderson (drums) as unofficial members. (By this point, the group was explicitly identified in the album credits as simply Pope and Staples, augmented by other musicians as needed on a track-by-track basis.) Shaking the Foundations spawned a top 20 Canadian hit in "Crimes of Passion". Dusty Springfield sang backing vocals on the album, and would also cover two Rough Trade songs that same year on her album White Heat. Many years later, Pope would reveal that she and Springfield were in a relationship around this time.

In 1983, Rough Trade were offered a Pepsi commercial to air in the Canadian market, but the ad was soon pulled from the airwaves as Pepsi had featured people wrapped in bandages and wearing tuxedos and sunglasses similar to Canadian musician Nash the Slash without his permission.  The same year, lead singer Pope duetted with Paul Hyde on the Payola$ top 10 Canadian hit "Never Said I Loved You". However, Rough Trade's 1983 album Weapons failed to place a single on the Canadian charts, marking the beginning of the group's commercial decline.

On The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson and Late Night with David Letterman, Martin Short recalled that one of his early performances included being the opening act for Rough Trade in the early 1980s.

Winding down (1984–1988)
In 1984, the duo of Pope and Staples were paired with new producer Terry Brown, after having previously co-produced all their True North material with Gene Martynec. The duo was supported by session musicians in the studio, including Berger, Wilkins, Ayee, and Anderson, as well as guests such as Dalbello and Neil Chapman of Pukka Orchestra. The band's 1984 album O Tempora! O Mores! spun off two singles that brushed  the Canadian top 100, but it would prove to be Rough Trade's final full-length original release.

Rough Trade returned to a stable five person line-up in 1985 for performance purposes, with Pope, Staples and Ayee joined by Tony Springer (guitar) and Tony Craig (drums). This line-up would record a handful of new tracks for the 1985 greatest hits compilation Birds of a Feather. Their final full-scale tour "Deep Six in '86" took place in 1986, although they performed a few local concert dates in Toronto in 1987 and 1988. Around the same time, guitarist Springer changed his stage name to Wild T and found modest fame as a solo artist in Canada.

Reunions, solo activity (1989–present)
After the final break-up in 1988, Rough Trade performed several reunion shows, with varying personnel supporting Pope and Staples. The first reunion show was in Toronto in December 1994. A handful of one-off shows later took place at various times through the late 1990s and into the next decade, mostly in Toronto. In 1999, playwright Bryden MacDonald staged Shaking the Foundations, a musical revue based on Rough Trade's music at Toronto's Buddies in Bad Times theatre. In 2001, Rough Trade undertook a mini-tour of several venues in eastern Canada.

Since the break-up, Staples has busied himself as a composer for film, television and theatre, and still lives in Toronto. Pope has issued two EPs, two albums, and several singles; her first full-length solo debut album Transcend was released in 2005, 21 years after her last full-length album with Rough Trade, which was followed by her second album, Landfall, which was released in 2011. Pope continues to play occasional shows across Canada and in Los Angeles and New York City, and now lives in West Hollywood.

On March 7, 2019, JoAnn Brooks, member of the band from 1976 to 1977, died from health complications.

Members
Core members
Carole Pope – vocals, (1968–1988)
 Kevan Staples – vocals, rhythm guitar, keyboards, synthesizers (1968–1988)

Former members

 JoAnn Brooks – vocals, percussion (1976–1977)
 John Lang – keyboards, guitar (1976–1977)
 Hap Roderman – bass (1974–1977)
 Marv Kanarek – drums (1974–1976)
Michael Fonfara  – keyboards, arranger (1976–1978)
 Peter Hodgson  – bass (1975–1977)
 Rick Gratton – drums (1976–1978)
 Luci Martin-Keyes – backing vocals (1977)
 Sharon Smith – keyboards (1974–75)
 Jane Cessine – percussion (1974–75)
 Patricia Cullen – keyboards (1974–76)
 Diane Roblin – keyboards (1975)
 John Sheard – keyboards (1978–79)
 John Capek – keyboards (1975–76)
 John Hughes – keyboards (1978–78)
 Jim Norman – drums (1975–1976)
 Peter Goodale – keyboards (1978)
 Fred Mandel – keyboards (1975)
 Terry Wilkins – bass (1978–82)
 John Adames – drums (1978–79)
 Bucky Berger – drums (1978–82)
 David McMorrow – keyboards (1980–84)
 Howard Ayee – bass (1982–87)
 Jorn Andersen – drums (1982–84)
 Chi Sharge –  percussion (1983–84)
 Tony Springer – guitar (1985–87)
 Tony Craig – drums (1985–87)

Lineups

Discography

Albums

Singles

References

External links
 The Rough Trade Pages – history and discography

Musical groups established in 1974
Musical groups disestablished in 1988
Canadian alternative rock groups
Canadian new wave musical groups
Musical groups from Toronto
LGBT-themed musical groups
1974 establishments in Ontario
1988 disestablishments in Ontario

Rough Trade (band)


الحد إحدى قرى بلدية تيمزريت بدائرة تيمزريت ولاية بجاية الجزائرية.

قرى ولاية بجاية

الحد (ولاية بجاية)


بلدية فيلاغارسيا دي لاتوري , هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة بطليوس, التي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا, والتي تقع في غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 1.023 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في بطليوس
بلديات بطليوس

فيلاغارسيا دي لاتوري


Bzovík (ungarisch Bozók, deutsch Posaucken) ist eine Gemeinde in der Mitte der Slowakei mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) und liegt im Okres Krupina, einem Kreis des Banskobystrický kraj.

Geographie
Die Gemeinde liegt in der Hochebene Krupinská planina am Bach Čekovský potok, einem Zufluss von Krupinica, sechs Kilometer südsüdöstlich von Krupina gelegen. Traditionell gehört sie zur Landschaft Hont.

Geschichte

Der Ort wurde zum ersten Mal 1135 als Bozouk schriftlich erwähnt. Wenige Jahre vorher entstand das Prämonstratenser-Kloster, das wohl von einem Mitglied des Geschlechts Hont-Pázmány gegründet wurde. Die weite Geschichte des Ortes ist mit dem Kloster und späteren Festung verbunden; im Mittelalter war das Kloster Sitz des größten Herrschaftsguts der Gespanschaft Hont und geriet daher mehrmals in Streitigkeiten mit der Stadt Karpfen (Krupina) und der Burg Čabraď. 1443 wurde der Ort und das Kloster durch die Hussiten vernichtet. Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts entschied sich man, das Kloster auf eine Festung umzubauen, um das Vordrängen der Türken in die Bergstädte der heutigen Mittelslowakei zu stoppen. Aus diesem Grund entstand die erste Kirche von Bzovík im Jahr 1606. 1828 hatte der Ort 80 Häuser und 456 Einwohner, die zumeist in Landwirtschaft tätig waren.

Bevölkerung
Ergebnisse nach der Volkszählung 2001 (982 Einwohner):

Sehenswürdigkeiten
 römisch-katholische Stephanskirche aus dem Jahr 1606
 Ruinen der Klosterfestung Bzovík oberhalb des Ortes

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ort in der Slowakei
Ersterwähnung 1135

Bzovík


An Anthochortus insignis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Maxwell Tylden Masters, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Hans Peter Linder. An Anthochortus insignis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anthochortus, ngan familia nga Restionaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Anthochortus

Anthochortus insignis


2. ŽNL Koprivničko-križevačka u sezoni 2014./15. je predstavljala drugi stupanj županijske lige u Koprivničko-križevačkoj županiji, te ligu šestog ranga hrvatskog nogometnog prvenstva.  Sudjelovalo je 14 klubova, a ligu je osvojio Fugaplast iz Gole.

Ljestvica

Rezultatska križaljka

Izvori:

Unutarnje poveznice
 2. ŽNL Koprivničko-križevačka

Vanjske poveznice
 Nogometni savez Koprivničko-križevačke županije
 2. ŽNL Koprivničko-križevačka

Izvori
 ns-kckz.hr, dokumenti i glasila
 Službeno glasilo NS Koprivničko-križevačke županije, br. 20/2015 (26. kolo - rezultati i konačna ljestvica), objavljeno 9. lipnja 2015.
 ns-kckz.hr, 2. ŽNL Koprivničko-križevačka 2015./16., rezultati i ljestvica do 22. kola, raspored preostalih susreta, wayback arhiva, arhivirano 15. svibnja 2015.

2014-15
Koprivničko-križevačka-2

2. ŽNL Koprivničko-križevačka 2014./15.


الحراس راكبي الأحصنة هي وحدة من سلاح الفرسان في الحرس الامبراطوري الروسي، شكلت فقط من النبلاء، الذين يجندون من أسماء أكبر فئة الطبقة الارستقراطية الروسية.

الأحداث

 1724 : إنشاء وحدة لمرافقة كاترين الأولى تتألف من النبلاء سميت الفرسان الحراس.
 من 1724 حتي 1740 : إعادة التشكيل خلال التتويج، ثم حل
 1742 : شكل الحراس الحصان كتيبة فرسان، أدرجت في فوج بريوبراجينسكي. في عهد كاترين الثانية، تم ضمهم لحراس القصر
 11 يناير 1799: الوحدة أصبحت دائمة تحت اسم حراسة شخصية (كافاليرغاردييا)
 11 يناير 1800: أصبحت للوحدة من فوج الحراس راكبي الأحصنة 3 أسراب
 ابتداء من 1805 العديد الفرسان من فرسان مالطة دخلوا الخدمة في الحراس راكبي الأحصنة
 2 مارس 1881 :تعيين الامبراطورة ماريا فيودوروفنا، زوجة ألكسندر الثالث من روسيا، القائد العام للفوج
 1894 2 نوفمبر: تم تغيير اسمها إلى وحدة إلى: فوج الامبراطورة للحراس راكبي الأحصنة

القادة

معارك شهيرة

 2 ديسمبر 1805: في معركة أوسترليتز بأمر من الأمير ريبنين: دمر السرب نتيجة هجوم من فوج القنبليين راكبي الأحصنة في الحرس الامبراطوري والمماليك بقيادة الجنرال راب وأسر ريبنين.

أعضاء شهيرون

 نيكولا شيبوف نيكولايفيتش (1848-1911)

أخرى

كان للحراس ثكناتهم في سان بطرسبرج وشارع خاص بهم.

ابتداء من 1826، أصبح نشيدهم هو السيدة البيضاء ل فرانسوا أدريان (بمعنى السلاح الأبيض في القاموس العسكري الروسي).

خصائص الفوج

يجب أن يكون المتقدمون ذوي قامة طويلة، اشقروا الشعر وبدون لحية، ولهم عيون زرقاء.

لون معطف الخيول يتوقف على السرب التي ينتمون إليها :

 السرب 1: اللباس فاتح؛
 السرب 2 لون اللباس غامق أكثر مع بقع ؛
 السرب 3 خليج اللباس غامق أكثر دون بقع ؛
 السرب 4: اللباس اسود ؛
 إطارات الابواق كان لونها رماديا.

جوائز الفوج

 علم: علم القديس جرجس مع لافتات اليوبيل أندراوس مع نقش : "للحصول على تمييز من اجل دحر وطرد العدو من روسيا في عام 1812. هذا التمييز منحت في معركة بورودينو.
بالإضافة إلى ارتداء عصابات التواريخ 1799 -- 1899.

الايقونية تاريخية

أفواج الحراسة
انحلالات سنة 1918 في روسيا
تأسيسات سنة 1800 في روسيا
حرس الإمبراطورية الروسية
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية انحلت في 1918
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية أسست في 1800
وحدات وتشكيلات عسكرية روسية في الحروب النابليونية

فوج الحرس الخيالة


USS Prince William (CVE-31) (originally AVG-31, later ACV-31), ex-MC Hull 242, was laid down by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation of Tacoma, Washington, 18 May 1942 as AVG-31; redesignated ACV-31 on 20 August 1942; launched 23 August 1942; sponsored by Mrs. Paul Foley; and commissioned 9 April 1943, Captain Herbert E. Regan in command. The ship was named after Prince William Sound, Alaska.

Service history
Following an abbreviated shakedown off the west coast, Prince William reported for duty with the Pacific Fleet's air arm to ferry planes and transport personnel to forward areas. Redesignated CVE-31 on 15 July 1943, she operated between the west coast and such places as New Caledonia, Canton Island, Samoa and Espiritu Santo until the spring of 1944.

Then, a brief assignment at San Diego, training and qualifying pilots, preceded her return to ferrying duties in mid-April 1944. She completed a run to Townsville, Australia, 7 May 1944, and, on her return to San Diego, was reassigned to the Atlantic Fleet. Unloading aircraft and cargo at Port Everglades, Florida, 21 June 1944, she continued on to Norfolk where new navigational equipment (LORAN) was installed. During July and into August, she qualified pilots in the Chesapeake Bay area, then, on 24 August 1944 , resumed plane and personnel ferry services with a run to Casablanca. Returning with worn airplane engines and parts, she moored at Norfolk 26 September 1944 for availability. Prince William returned to training duties in mid-October 1944.

Until 26 January 1945, she qualified pilots in the Narrangansett Bay area, then shifted to Key West. There she continued to carry out her mission as a training carrier until returning to Norfolk in May. On 2 June 1945, the CVE got underway for the Panama Canal and on the 8th rejoined the Pacific Fleet. Again assigned to ferrying duties, she transported planes and personnel between the west coast and Hawaii for the remainder of World War II.

After the cessation of hostilities, Prince William was assigned to "Magic Carpet" duty and for the next seven months returned military personnel and equipment to the United States. Completing her last run at San Diego, 21 March 1946, she was ordered to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet and on 8 April 1946 got underway for the Panama Canal. Arriving at Norfolk on 23 April 1946, she continued on, two days later, to Philadelphia where she decommissioned 29 August 1946.

Reclassified CVHE-31, 12 June 1955, Prince William remained a unit of the Philadelphia Group, Atlantic Reserve Fleet until struck from the Naval Register 1 March 1959. She was sold for scrap in Japan in March 1961.

References

External links
 Photo gallery at navsource.org

Bogue-class escort carriers of the United States Navy
Ships built in Tacoma, Washington
1942 ships
World War II escort aircraft carriers of the United States

USS Prince William (CVE-31)


El Arroyo Maciel es un curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de  Soriano perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Río de la Plata.

Nace en la Cuchilla del Bizcocho y desemboca en el río San Salvador.

Referencias

Maciel
Maciel

Arroyo Maciel (Soriano)


Tonolzbronn ist ein Teilort der Gemeinde Ruppertshofen im Ostalbkreis im östlichen Baden-Württemberg und liegt rund ein Kilometer nordöstlich der Hauptgemeinde.

Der Ortsname Tonolzbronn beruht auf einer Standortbezeichnung. Bronnen = Quelle des Haldenbaches – einem Quellbach des Brühlbaches, der bei Hönig in die Rot mündet. Tonolz vermutlich Lagehinweis auf eine Siedlung die in einem waldreichen Gebiet liegt. Früher gebräuchliche Schreibweisen von Tonolzbronn waren Tunoltzbronn, Tunensprunn, Tuonspronn, Tunsprunn, Thunolzbrunn, Tonnesbronn, Thünoltzbronn, Donasprun, Tonaspronn, Donnolzbronn, Donolzbronn, Danasbrun, Thonolzbronn, Donasprung.

Geographie

Landschaftsbild
Auf der flachen Hochebene um Tonolzbronn dominiert die Landwirtschaft mit Äckern und Wiesen. An den Abhängen zum Tal des Brühlbaches, der in den Auerbach mündet, steht Wald.

Geschichte
Die Anfänge von Tonolzbronn reichen – wie auch die des Hauptortes Ruppertshofen – in das 9./10. Jahrhundert zurück. Bis ins 12. Jahrhundert hinein dürfte die Entwicklung der beiden Orte gleich verlaufen sein. Erst dann erhielt Ruppertshofen einen nachhaltigen Entwicklungsschub und wuchs vom Weiler zum Dorf. Auslöser dafür war die Neuordnung des staufischen Hausgutes, die Friedrich I. von Staufen eingeleitet und Enkel Friedrich I. (Barbarossa) fortgesetzt hat.

Eine Besonderheit der Gemeinde Ruppertshofen ist, dass die Kirche sich nicht im Hauptort befindet, sondern im Teilort Tonolzbronn. Die Kirche, erbaut um 1500, ist dem heiligen Stephanus geweiht. In Ruppertshofen selbst befindet sich die Nikolaus-Kapelle.

Zwischen Tonolzbronn und Ruppertshofen lag der abgegangene Ort Wolfertshofen.

Ende 1944, zu Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs, richtete die NS-Bautruppe Organisation Todt auf der Ebene zwischen Seifertshofen, Steinenbach, Helpertshofen und Kemnaten eine Großbaustelle ein, mit dem Ziel, eine rund 2,5 km lange Betonpiste für Düsenjäger des Typs Messerschmitt Me 262 zu errichten. Rund 600 Arbeiter, überwiegend Kriegsgefangene, wurden eingesetzt, Baracken wurden in umliegenden Ortschaften errichtet und Waldstücke abgeholzt. Aufgrund des Vormarsches der US-Armee wurden die Bauarbeiten am 18. April 1945 abgebrochen.

Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur
Der Teilort ist rein landwirtschaftlich geprägt.

Verkehr
Die Entfernung zum Hauptort beträgt etwa 1 km. Tonolzbronn liegt an der K 3328, die von Süden (Täferrot, Ruppertshofen) kommend nach Norden führt, wo sie nach der Ziegelhütte die L 1080 erreicht. Eine Linie der FahrBus Ostalb verbindet den Ort mit Schwäbisch Gmünd und Gaildorf.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Ostalbkreis
Geographie (Ruppertshofen, Ostalbkreis)

Tonolzbronn


دتفورد  جزء من لويشام وهي ضاحية في جنوب شرق لندن منذ القرن السادس عشر إلى أواخر القرن التاسع عشر بكونها منطقة مرفأ ديتفورد، أول مرفأ للبحرية الملكية البريطانية. منطقة صناعية اشتهرت في العصر الإليزابيثي بكونها سوقًا للماشية وموقعا للترسانة البحرية الملكية.

أعلام
 ستيف هارلي
 لورين تشيس
 جويل نوبل
 بي. سي. رن
 كريستوفر مارلو
 تيد باسيت

مراجع

دتفورد
سفن في لندن
ضواحي لندن
مديريات لندن على نهر التمز
مديريات لويشام

دتفورد


Yinxiang (16 November 1686 – 18 June 1730), formally known as Prince Yi, was a Manchu prince of the Qing dynasty. The thirteenth son of the Kangxi Emperor, Yinxiang was a major ally of his brother Yinzhen (that is, the Yongzheng Emperor) during the latter's struggle for the succession of the throne. He was made a qinwang (first-grade prince) during Yongzheng's reign and became one of his closest advisors. He died eight years into the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor and was memorialized with top honours by the emperor. When he died, his title was granted "iron-cap" status and became perpetually inheritable, one of the only twelve such princes in Qing dynasty history.

Early life
Yinxiang was born in the Aisin Gioro clan as the 13th son of the Kangxi Emperor. The emperor had some 55 recorded consorts. Yinxiang's mother, Imperial Noble Consort Jingmin, was the daughter of the military commander Haikuan (海寬) from the Bordered White Banner. By the same birth mother, Yinxiang had two sisters, both of whom were younger than him. Yinxiang's mother died when he was 14, so he was raised by Consort De, the biological mother of Yinzhen (the future Yongzheng Emperor). This meant that he had an especially close relationship to Yinzhen from a young age.

Yinxiang was schooled in the arts and classics by Fahai, the second son of Tong Guogang, the maternal uncle of the Kangxi Emperor. Fahai was also the imperial tutor to Yinti, the 14th prince who was born to the same mother as Yinzhen. Both of Yinxiang's sisters died young shortly after being named hesuo princess and wedded respectively to Mongol princes. Yinxiang was a favorite of Kangxi from a young age. He accompanied his father on four inspection tours to the south. However, in 1709 when Kangxi bestowed noble titles to his various sons, Yinxiang was not among the recipients; his younger brother Yinti, however, was named a beizi. There is no explanation given in primary sources as to why Yinxiang was not granted a title in spite of seemingly being a favourite of his father.

During the succession battle among Kangxi's sons, Yinxiang was imprisoned by the Kangxi Emperor for 10 years. The historical record makes nearly no mention of Yinxiang between 1712 and 1722. It seems like during these years he did not achieve anything remarkable, but did nonetheless conceive several children.

Yongzheng reign
When the Kangxi Emperor died in 1722, Yinzhen succeeded to the throne as the Yongzheng Emperor. In the same year, Yinxiang was granted the title "Prince Yi of the First Rank" (怡親王); this Prince Yi peerage was one of the Qing dynasty's 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages. His personal name was also changed to "Yunxiang" (允祥) to avoid naming taboo because the Chinese character for "Yin" (胤) in "Yinxiang" is the same as the one in the Yongzheng Emperor's personal name "Yinzhen" (胤禛).

Yunxiang was a staunch supporter of the Yongzheng Emperor, and he worked tirelessly to assist the emperor in administering state affairs despite suffering from poor health. Soon after Yongzheng ascended the throne, Yinxiang was named overseer of the three vaults of the Ministry of Revenue. In 1725, Yunxiang was sent to oversee the water issues in Zhili Province, including flood control and transport. He was still constantly affected by ill health when he returned to Beijing later.

Yunxiang died in June 1730 and was granted the posthumous name of "Zhongjingchengzhiqinshenlianmingxian" (忠敬誠直勤慎廉明賢), so his full posthumous title became Prince Yizhongjingchengzhiqinshenlianmingxian of the First Rank (和碩怡忠敬誠直勤慎廉明賢親王). The Yongzheng Emperor praised Yunxiang in his eulogy edict and declared a mourning period of three days, during which imperial court sessions were not held. In the edict, the Yongzheng Emperor also granted an exception by allowing Yunxiang's name to be reverted to "Yinxiang".

Succession of Prince Yi
Prince Yi was elevated to an "iron-cap prince" level peerage, that is, the title was to be perpetually inheritable by his successors. Yinxiang's sixth generation descendant Zaiyuan was a regent during the reign of the Tongzhi Emperor and was ousted in a coup.

Family
Primary Consort

 Imperial Princess Consort Yixian, of the Joogiya clan (怡賢亲王福晋 兆佳氏)
 Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; 20 April 1707 – 4 April 1726), second daughter
 Married Fusengge (富僧額) of the Manchu Irgen Gioro clan in February/March 1723
 Hongdun, Prince of the Third Rank (貝勒 弘暾; 29 January 1711 – 24 August 1728), third son
 Hongjiao, Prince Ningliang of the Second Rank (寧良郡王 弘晈; 17 June 1713 – 9 September 1764), fourth son
 Princess Hehui of the Second Rank (和碩和惠公主; 16 November 1714 – 2 November 1731), fourth daughter
 Married Dorji Septeng (多爾濟塞布騰; d. 1735) of the Khalkha Borjigit clan on 6 December 1729
 Hongkuang (弘㫛; 30 January 1716 – 20 February 1722), fifth son
 Hongxiao, Prince Yixi of the First Rank (怡僖親王 弘曉; 23 May 1722 – 11 May 1778), seventh son
 Shou'en (綬恩; 12 October 1725 – 27 August 1727), eighth son

Secondary Consort

 Secondary consort, of the Gūwalgiya clan (側福晉 瓜爾佳氏)
 Princess of the Third Rank (郡主; 22 August 1703 – 23 February 1776), first daughter
 Married Sakexin (薩克信) of the Jinjili (津濟里) clan in May/June 1721
 Hongchang, Prince of the Third Rank (貝勒 弘昌; 14 December 1706 – 3 June 1771), first son
 Secondary consort, of the Fuca clan (側福晉 富察氏)
 Third daughter (14 December 1710 – December 1711 or January 1712)
 Secondary consort, of the Usun clan (側福晉 烏蘇氏)
 Hongqin, Prince of the Third Rank (貝勒 弘昑; 24 September 1716 – 28 February 1729), sixth son

Concubine

 Mistress, of the Šigiya clan (石佳氏)
 Second son (12 November 1708 – 30 March 1709)
 Mistress, of the Nara clan (那拉氏)
 Amuhulang (阿穆瑚瑯; 6 May 1726 – 5 May 1727), ninth son

Ancestry

In fiction and popular culture
 Portrayed by Zhou Haodong in Legend of YungChing (1997)
 Portrayed by Wang Hui in Yongzheng Dynasty (1999), Li Wei the Magistrate (2001) and Li Wei the Magistrate II (2004)
 Portrayed by Tian Zhenwei in Palace (2011)
 Portrayed by Yuan Hong in Scarlet Heart (2011)
 Portrayed by Chen Xiao in The Palace (2013)
portrayed by Wang An Yu in Dreaming back to the Qing Dynasty (2019 series) (2019)

See also

References

External links
Yinxiang: How did he become involved in the fight for the throne?

1686 births
1730 deaths
Kangxi Emperor's sons
Manchu politicians
Grand Councillors of the Qing dynasty
Prince Yi(怡)

Yinxiang, Prince Yi


Џ هو أحد تعديلات فوك كارادجتش التابع للأبجدية السيريلية، يستعمل هذا الحرف في المقدونية والصربو-كرواتية، نظير هذا الحرف بالعربية هو الحرف ج. وهناك اشكال أخرى لنطق الحرف وهي <дж> و<чж> أو الحروف <җ>, <ҷ>, أو <ӂ> وتستعمل هذه الأشكال في اللغات التي تستعمل السيريلية.

يرجع أصل هذا الحرف إلى القرن السادس عشر في أيام إنشاء السيريلية الرومانية. بدأت الصربية باستعماله في القرن السابع عشر.

انظر أيضا
 ج حرف عربي

مصادر

حروف سيريلية

Џ


Acritopappus, biljni rod iz porodice glavočika, potporodica Glavočike cjevnjače. Postoji 19 priznatih vrsta koje rastu po Brazilu.

Vrste
 Acritopappus buiquensis D.J.N.Hind & Bautista
 Acritopappus catolesensis D.J.N.Hind & Bautista
 Acritopappus confertus (Gardner) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus connatifolius (Soar.Nunes) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus diamantinicus Bautista, S.Ortiz & Rodr.Oubiña
 Acritopappus harleyi R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus heterolepis (Baker) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus irwinii R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus jacobaeus Bautista, Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz
 Acritopappus longifolius (Gardner) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus micropappus (Baker) R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus morii R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus pereirae Bautista, S.Ortiz & Rodr.Oubiña
 Acritopappus pintoi Bautista & D.J.N.Hind
 Acritopappus prunifolius R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus santosii R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus stenophyllus Bautista, Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz
 Acritopappus subtomentosus R.M.King & H.Rob.
 Acritopappus teixeirae R.M.King & H.Rob.

Izvori

Eupatorieae

Acritopappus


Ubinskaya  es una stanitsa del raión de Séverskaya del krai de Krasnodar, en Rusia. Está situada en el borde septentrional del Cáucaso, a orillas del río Ubin, afluente del Afips, de la cuenca del Kubán, 17 km al suroeste de Séverskaya y 51 km al suroeste de Krasnodar. Tenía 494 habitantes en 2010.

Pertenece al municipio Azóvskoye.

Historia

La localidad fue fundada en 1864 sobre el emplazamiento de un aul adigué.

Lugares de interés

Es de destacar el edificio de la escuela del pueblo, de 1916.

En los alrededores se hallan los montes Ubin-Su y Sober-Bash, de interés turístico por sus dólmenes.

Enlaces externos y referencias

 Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth y el mapa de Rusia de Yandex.ru, accesible desde este enlace.
 Este artículo es una traducción parcial de su correspondiente en la edición rusa de Wikipedia, Азовская (станица).
 Sitio web del municipio .
 Mapa topográfico en maps.vlasenko.net
  en Panoramio
 Río Ubin en Ubínskaya en Panoramio

Localidades del raión de Séverskaya del krai de Krasnodar
Localidades establecidas en 1864

Ubinskaya


Roger Carl Young (né le ) est un homme politique canadien de l'Ontario. Il est député fédéral libéral de la circonscription ontarienne de Niagara Falls de 1974 à 1979.

Biographie
Né en Niagara Falls] en Ontario, Young est avocat de métier.

Élu en 1974, il devient secrétaire parlementaire du ministre de la Justice et procureur général de 1977 à 1978 et du Solliciteur général de 1978 à 1979.

Pendant son mandat, il siège sur plusieurs comités permanents dont celui sur l'Agriculture, sur la Radiodiffusion, du Cinéma et de l'aide aux Arts, sur les Pêches et la Foresterie, sur les Affaires indiennes et le Développement du Nord, sur le Travail, la Main-d'œuvre et l'Immigration et sur celui sur les Ressources naturelles et les Travaux publics.

Peu avant son élection en 1974, il sert comme assistant spécial et plus tard assistant exécutif du ministre de l'Énergie, des Mines et des Ressources naturelles J. J. Greene (1968-1970). Après sa défaite en 1979, il est chef de cabinet du président du Conseil privé de la Reine et leader du gouvernement à la Chambre des communes Yvon Pinard de 1981 à 1984. Il se joint comme arbitre des Services publics et des Relations de travail afin de régler les litiges entre Conseil du Trésor et les syndicats de fonctionnaires de 1984 à 1991. Il poursuit ensuite sa carrière d'arbitre dans le secteur privé jusqu'à sa retraite en 2009.

Résultats électoraux

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en mars 1941
Naissance à Niagara Falls (Ontario)
Député fédéral canadien provenant de l'Ontario
Député du Parti libéral du Canada

Roger Carl Young


Casper Holm (født 4. juni 1960 i København) er en dansk guitarist, musikproducer og sangskriver i Before, Vertical Smile, Pale Imitation of Love og senest i Hinsidan & Dansk/Iransk duo Holm-Stielow. Han er lydtekniker fra Hookfarm Studios og senere leder af den historiske undergrundsklub Barbue.

Diskografi
 1980-1984, BEFORE  Singles:   'Unexpected Emotions' 1981  'Sister Culture' 1983  Albums: 'A Wish of Life' 1982   'Nosferatu' (SAMPLER) 1982   'A Wish of Life + singles and live recordings' CD rerelease 2003  'A Wish of Life' Vinyl rerelease 2016
 1988-1992, VERTICAL SMILE (BEDSIDE BIBLE)  Albums:  'Secrets' 1990  'There's Sometning Rocking in The State of Denmark' 1991
 1993-1995, PALE IMITATION OF LOVE  Albums:  'Craving' 1993  'Happy as slowly on top of you' 1994  Shelter: Danish Radios inevitable (P3's uungåelige)
 2001, WORLD FOR SALE
 2005-2008, HINSIDAN,   'We're Sick Ov Your Violence' 12" 2003  'God Is In The Details' 2X album 2005   and 'Nightshift' 10" 2008
 2014 - 2017,  HOLM  STIELOW  Albums:   To Feed on Others/Demon Repellent 'She Said' 2016  B-O-D-I-E-S 'Your Body is My Body' 2016
 2016 - 2017, SOLO PROJECT  Independant releases:  'Wild Life', 'twofourtwo', 'AsilE'

Eksterne henvisninger
 Casper Holms hjemmeside

Guitarister fra Danmark
Sangskrivere fra Danmark
Musikproducere fra Danmark
Personer fra København

Casper Holm


Bernardino Cruz Cortez (Baclaran, Manila, 3 de julho de 1949) é um ministro católico e prelado da Prelazia Territorial Infanta.

O Bispo de San Pablo, Pedro Bantigue y Natividad, o ordenou sacerdote em 23 de junho de 1974.

Em 31 de maio de 2004, o Papa João Paulo II o nomeou Bispo Titular de Bladia e Bispo Auxiliar em Manila. O núncio apostólico nas Filipinas, Antonio Franco, o consagra bispo em 20 de agosto do mesmo ano; Os co-consagrantes foram Gaudencio Borbon Rosales, Arcebispo de Manila, e Ramón Cabrera Argüelles, Arcebispo de Lipa.

O Papa Francisco o nomeou Prelado da Infanta em 27 de outubro de 2014, com posse em 23 de janeiro do ano seguinte.

Ver também

Bispos católicos das Filipinas

Bernardino Cruz Cortez


ධන සහ සෘණ ලකුණු (+ සහ  −) යනු,  ධන සහ සෘණ සංකල්පනා මෙන්ම  එකතු කිරීම සහ අඩු කිරීම යන මෙහෙයුම්කරනයන්ද නිරූපණය කිරීම සඳහා භාවිතා වන ගණිතමය සංකේත වෙති. ඒවායේ භාවිතය වෙනත් බොහෝ තේරුම් ගෙන දෙන පරිදී විස්තීරණය කර ඇතත්, එවිටද දළ වශයෙන් සමාකාර තේරුම් ගෙන දෙයි. ධන යන්නට ඉංග්‍රීසි වචනය වන ප්ලස් යන්න සහ  සෘණ යන්නට වන මයිනස් යන්න ලතින් පද වන අතර ඒවායේ අර්ථ පිළිවෙලින්  "වැඩියෙන්" සහ  "අඩුවෙන්" යන්න වෙති.

ධන ලකුණ

ධන ලකුණ (+) යන්න,  2 + 3 = 5 හිදී මෙන්, එකතු කිරීම පෙන්වන, ද්විමය මෙහෙයුම්කාරකයක් වෙයි. ඒකමය මෙහෙයුම්කාරකයක් ලෙසින්ද එය ක්‍රියා කල හැකි අතර, එවිට එය විසින් එහි මෙහෙයුම්විෂයය නොවෙනස්ව (+x යන්නෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ x ම වෙයි) තබයි. සංඛ්‍යාවක ධන බව හුවාදැක්වීමට අවශ්‍ය වූ විට, විශේෂයෙන්ම සෘණ සංඛ්‍යාවක් හා පරස්පරව එසේ කළ යුතු වන විට (−5 එරෙහිව +5), මෙම අංකනය භාවිතා කළ හැක.

මූලික අධ්‍යාපනයේදී භාවිතය

සමහරක් මූලික පාඨශාලා ගුරුවරුන් විසින් සංඛ්‍යා ඉදිරියේ නැංවූ ධන සහ සෘණ ලකුණු භාවිතයෙන් දක්වන්නේ ඒවා ධන හෝ සෘණ සංඛ්‍යාවන්ද යන බවයි.  නිදසුනක් වශයෙන්,  3 වෙතින් −5 අඩුකිරීම කියැවෙන්නේ ධන තුන වෙතින්  සෘණ පහ අඩුකිරීම ලෙසින් වන අතර පහත පරිදී දැක්විය හැක

3 − −5 යන්න 3 + 5 = 8 බවට පත් වෙයි,
හෝ
+3 − −5 යන්න +3 + +5 හෙවත් +8 බවට පත් වෙයි.

ආශ්‍රිත

මූලික අංකගණිතය
ගණිතමය සංකේත

ධන සහ සෘණ ලකුණු


Cláudio Chicola (25. rujna 1999.) je angolski rukometaš. Nastupa za klub angolski klub G.D. Interclube i angolsku reprezentaciju.

Natjecao se na Svjetskom prvenstvu u Danskoj i Njemačkoj 2019., gdje je reprezentacija Angole završila na 23. mjestu, i u Egiptu 2021. (30.).

Izvori

Angolski rukometaši

Cláudio Chicola


Ermekoğlu, Zonguldak ilinin Devrek ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1994 yılında kuruldu.

Coğrafya
Köy, Zonguldak il merkezine 63 km, Devrek ilçe merkezine 8 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Devrek belde ve köyleri

Ermekoğlu, Devrek


Portret (rus. Портрет) ruski je film redatelja Vladislava Stareviča.

Radnja
Film govori o čovjeku koji nabavlja portret starca, objesi ga na zid u svojoj kući i pokušava zaspati, ali iz nekog razloga ne može pa odluči skinuti portret. Odjednom starac izađe iz slike i počne razgovarati s glavnim likom.

Uloge
 Andrej Gromov
 Ivan Lazarev

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Portret na Kino Poisk

Ruski filmovi 1910-ih

Portret (1915.)


Desde 1950, existiram diversos álbuns de figurinhas sobre a Copa do Mundo FIFA, principal competição do futebol. Atualmente, a editora Panini é a principal fabricante destes produtos. Sua edição mais recente é o álbum de figurinhas da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2022.

História
O primeiro álbum de figurinhas da Copa do Mundo FIFA foi fabricado em 1950 pela Fábrica de Balas A Americana, sobre a Copa do Mundo daquele ano, que foi sediada no Brasil. O álbum trazia as seleções que participaram do Mundial e existiam figurinhas que eram fabricadas em menor quantidade e, portanto, mais difíceis. As figurinhas vinham como brinde das "Balas Futebol", que foi vendida pela empresa entre 1938 e 1960. No entanto, diversos consumidores compravam as balas apenas pelas figurinhas, descartando os doces. Algumas crianças de rua começaram a pegar as balas que eram jogadas no chão, o que causou um problema de saúde pública. Entre 1954 e 1966, outros álbuns de figurinhas de diferentes editoras foram lançados no Brasil.

Panini
Na Copa do Mundo FIFA de 1970 foi lançado o primeiro álbum de figurinhas da editora Panini, que já havia experimentado com álbuns de figurinhas ao lançar um álbum temático da Campeonato Italiano de Futebol – Série A. As fotos dos jogadores foram impressas em cards que precisavam ser colados no álbum, com cerca de 40 figurinhas pertencentes a bandeiras, pôsteres e fotos da equipe. No total, havia 288 cards e figurinhas para colecionar.

Desde então, a Panini lançou álbuns para todas as Copas. Greg Lansdowne, autor de Stuck on You: The Rise & Fall... & Rise of Panini Stickers, notou algumas características gerais nos álbuns da Panini desde 1970: "Em geral, eles se apegaram às fotos tradicionais que vão até os ombros e – ainda mais importante – mantiveram as licenças para a maioria das equipes apresentadas, para garantir uma autenticidade aos seus álbuns." Desde a Copa de 1974, os álbuns são totalmente feitos de figurinhas em vez de cards. Os primeiros escudos "brilhantes" chegaram em 1982.

No Brasil, editoras diversas lançaram álbuns de figurinhas da Copa entre 1970 e 1986. O primeiro álbum de figurinhas da Panini lançado no Brasil foi o da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 1990. Na época da Copa do Mundo FIFA de 2014, eram fabricadas 40 milhões de figurinhas diariamente na fábrica da Panini em Tamboré, bairro da Grande São Paulo. Na época, a empresa disse que o Brasil era onde havia mais colecionadores.

2018

O álbum da Copa de 2018 foi lançado no dia 16 de março. Com ele, a Panini alcançou um bilhão de dólares em vendas.

2022

O álbum da Copa de 2022 foi lançado no dia 19 de agosto. Uma das novidades desta edição foram as figurinhas "Legends", brilhantes e mais raras, disponíveis em cores diferenciadas. Foi lançado também um álbum virtual, disponível na versão web ou como aplicativo para Android. O preço aumentado dos pacotes de figurinhas recebeu críticas e virou piada na Internet. A falta de produtos relacionados ao álbum foi constante.

Álbuns de cromos

Copa do Mundo FIFA
Panini Group

Álbuns de figurinhas da Copa do Mundo FIFA


Encarnação, Portekiz'de Lizbon belediyesine bağlı olan, 0,15 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 3.182 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Lizbon'ın bucakları

Encarnação (Lizbon)


Olaylar
 Nedao Muharebesi gerçekleşti.

Doğumlar
 Teoderik, Ostrogotlar Krallığı kralı (ö. 526)

Ölümler
 Flavius Aetius, Batı Roma İmparatorluğu generali (d. 391)
 İlek, Hun İmparatorluğu'nda Attila'nın en büyük oğlu ve ardılı

454


50.100 este o serie de locomotive românești folosite pentru tracțiunea trenurilor de marfă.

Istorie
Prima locomotivă a seriei 50.100 a fost construită în anul 1926 de către Uzinele Reșița a purtat numele "Regele Ferdinand" și a fost numerotată 50.243.
La rândul ei Uzina Malaxa construiește în 1928 locomotivă 50.340 purtând numele "Regele Mihai".
In 1936 se lansează comanda pentru seria 50.100 cu distribuție Lentz si viteza sporită la 70 km/h.
Un total de 261 de locomotive au fost livrate în anii 1926-1944 de Uzinele Reșița și 259 locomotive în anii 1929-1940 de Uzinele Malaxa.

Note

Bibliografie
 Railwayfan.ro 50.100

Locomotive românești
Locomotive cu abur CFR

Seria 50.100


Der Lohn ist ein Naturschutzgebiet in der niedersächsischen Gemeinde Barum und der Stadt Bad Bevensen in der Samtgemeinde Bevensen-Ebstorf im Landkreis Uelzen.

Das Naturschutzgebiet mit dem Kennzeichen NSG LÜ 266 ist 254 Hektar groß. Es ist teilweise Bestandteil des FFH-Gebietes "Lohn". Das 1974 ausgewiesene, 37,1 Hektar große Naturwaldreservat "Lohn" ist in das Naturschutzgebiet mit aufgenommen worden.

Das Naturschutzgebiet liegt südlich von Bad Bevensen. Es stellt ein naturnahes Laubwaldgebiet unter Schutz, das überwiegend von Flattergras- und Waldmeister-Buchenwäldern geprägt wird. Daneben kommen Eichenmischwälder vor.

Der Wald verfügt über eine hohe Anzahl Alt- und Totholz mit Horst- und Höhlenbäumen, Wurzeltellern und Splitterstümpfen.

Im Süden des Naturschutzgebietes befindet sich innerhalb des Naturwaldreservates "Lohn", der seiner natürlichen Entwicklung überlassen wird, ein Amphibiengewässer, das mit flachem Ufer und einem breiten Saum aus Seggen- und Binsenried u. a. Lebensraum für Kammmolch und Springfrosch bietet. Etwa in der Mitte des Naturschutzgebietes befindet sich eine Wildwiese.

Das Gebiet steht seit dem 16. Dezember 2004 unter Naturschutz. Zuständige untere Naturschutzbehörde ist der Landkreis Uelzen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Naturschutzgebiet im Landkreis Uelzen
Schutzgebiet (Umwelt- und Naturschutz) in Europa
Waldschutzgebiet in Niedersachsen
Barum (Landkreis Uelzen)
Geographie (Bad Bevensen)
Waldgebiet in Europa

Der Lohn


Charles Everett Koop (14. október, 1916 – 25. febrúar, 2013) var bandarískur barnaskurðlæknir og deildarstjóri. Hann var stjórnandi í Almenna heilbrigðiskerfinu (PHSCC) og starfaði sem þrettándi aðalskurðlæknir Bandaríkjanna í stjórnartíð Ronalds Reagans forseta frá 1982 til 1989. Koop var þekktur fyrir rannsóknir sínar á tóbaksfíkn, alnæmi og þungunarrofi og fyrir stuðning við réttindi fatlaðra barna.

Starfsferill
Frá 1946 til 1981 starfaði Koop sem skurðlæknir við Barnaspítala Fíladelfíu (CHOP). Koop stofnaði fyrstu barnagjörgæsludeild Bandaríkjanna þar árið 1956. Koop hannaði nýjar byltingakenndar aðferðir sem eru almennt notaðar í aðgerðum á ungbörnum í dag.

Koop var tilnefndur aðalskurðlæknir Bandaríkjanna af Reagan árið 1981. Tilnefning hans var staðfest af öldungadeild Bandaríkjaþings 16. nóvember 1981. Hann tók við embættinu 21. janúar 1982.

Þungunarrof
Í kjölfar dómúrskurðsins Roe gegn Wade (1973) varð C. Everett Kropp áberandi maður í evangelísku hreyfingunni sem barðist gegn fjölgun þungunarrofa. Margir telja að starf hans sem skurðlæknir, þar sem hann bjargaði lífi fjölda ungbarna, hafi ýtt undir andstöðu hans gegn þungunarrofi. Samkvæmt Læknastofnun Bandaríkjanna, sagði Koop einu sinni:

"Áhyggjur mínar af þeim sem eru ófæddir truflar nætursvefn minn, en á daginn snúast áhyggjur mínar um þá sem eru nýfæddir. Hvernig get ég samþykkt tortímingu þeirra ófæddu eftir að hafa bjargað ófullburða nýbara og séð hamingjuna sem hann veitir fjölskyldu sinni?"

Koop óttaðist að ef þungunarrof væru leyfð undir flestum kringumstæðum þá myndi það skapa  siðferðilegan grundvöll fyrir líknarmorð á öryrkjum og öldruðum. Árið 1975 stofnuðu Koop og Harold O. J. Brown, evangelískur guðfræðingur, Aðgerðarráð kristinna manna sem voru fyrstu stóru evangelísku hagsmunasamtökin á Capitol Hill. Aðgerðarráð kristinna manna hjálpaði mörgum stjórnmálamönnum, sem voru gegn þungunarrofi, að ná kjöri. Árið 1976 skrifaði Koop bókina "The Right to Live, The Right to Die" og ásamt guðfræðingnum Francis Shaeffer bjó hann til margmiðlunarherferðina, sem bar titilinn "Whatever Happened to the Human Race?",. Í margmiðlunarherferðinni voru notaðar fimm kvikmyndir ásamt fyrirlestri.

Kvikmyndir Francis Schaeffers og fyrirlestur Koops vöktu athygli margra evangelískra manna á stöðnun vestrænnar menningar og málefnum eins og þungunarrofi, efnishyggju, veraldarhyggju, kennslu í ríkisreknum skólum, ofríki, orkumálefnum og fleiru.

Kooper skýrslan
Þegar Koop var tilnefndur aðalskurðlæknir árið 1981 voru margir frjálslyndir stjórnmálamenn og kvenréttindahópar á móti tilnefningunni. Það var vegna þess að þeir höfðu miklar áhyggjur af íhaldsömu skoðununum sem Koop hafði áður tjáð sig um, en þó sérstaklega varðandi þungunarrof. Það var bent á að þótt hann væri reyndur skurðlæknir þá hafði hann enga reynslu af opinberum heilbrigðismálum. Því grunaði menn að tilnefning hans væri pólitísk en ekki hæfnismiðuð.

Koop taldi hins vegar að þungunarrof félli ekki undir umsjón aðalskurðlæknis. Honum fannst þungunarrof vera siðferðilegt mál sem væri aðeins hægt að leysa með siðferðilegri umræðu. Þetta ætti ekki að vera opinbert málefni ríkisins sem væri hægt að leysa með vísindalegum rannsóknum. Undir lok annars kjörtímabils Reagans fékk forsetinn Koop til að taka þátt í umræðunni um þungunarrof. Hann gerði það með því að skipa Koop að rannsaka og skrifa skýrslu um hugsanleg andlega skaðleg áhrif sem þungunarrof gæti haft á konur. Koop fól George Walter aðstoðarmanni sínum það verkefni að rannsaka málið. Walter fór yfir rannsóknir sem höfðu komið frá Miðstöð sjúkdómavarna (CDC), og hafði samráð við starfsmenn Alan Guttmacher stofnunarinnar. Walter skrifaði drög að skýrslu um niðurstöður sínar og sendi Koop. Eftir að Koop fór yfir skýrsluna komst hann að þeirri niðurstöðu að það væri ósannað að hægt væri að rekja augljós skaðleg áhrif á konur sem færu í þungunarrof. Niðurstaða skýrslunnar kom bæði íhaldsmönnum og frjálslyndum á óvart.

Alnæmi
Stærsta málið sem Koop þurfti að glíma við þegar hann starfaði sem aðalskurðlæknir var kynsjúkdómar sem farsótt. Alnæmi hafði ekki verið greint þegar Koop tók við embætti. Í byrjun farsóttarinnar tilkynnti CDC fimm greinda samkynhneigða karla í Los Angeles sem voru að deyja úr lungnabólgu. Þessi kynsjúkdómur veikti ónæmiskerfið hjá þeim sem smituðust. Það þýddi að þeir sem smituðust voru í meiri hættu við að deyja úr öðrum sjúkdómum sem hefðu annars ekki verið banvænir. Mánuði eftir að CDC tilkynnti greiningu á þessum fimm mönnum þá tilkynnti stofnunin um 26 sjúklinga sem voru HIV greindir, og voru að deyja úr sjaldgæfu húðkrabbameini. Á fjörutíu ára ferli sínum sem læknir hafði Koop aðeins séð tvö tilfelli af þessari tegund krabbameins. Hann vissi þar að leiðandi samstundis að þetta yrði alvarlegt lýðheilsuvandamál. Á næstu árum var HIV veiran greind bæði í Frakklandi og Bandaríkjunum. Án þess að hafa lækningu eða bóluefni stungu margir upp á að eina leiðin til þess að stöðva útbreiðsluna væri að setja alla smitaða í sóttkví. Koop var ósammála. Hann taldi að sóttkví væri óþörf frá faraldsfræðilegu sjónarmiði og væri brot á réttindum einstaklinga sem væru smitaðir. Hann taldi að besta leiðin til að koma í veg fyrir útbreiðsluna var að upplýsa almenning um hvernig veiran dreifði sér og taka mörg sýni. Reagan-stjórnin greip hins vegar ekki til aðgerða í nokkur ár. Koop skrifaði síðar að ríkisstjórnin hefði brugðist of seint við veirunni og hefði látið pólitíska andúð á samkynhneigðum koma í veg fyrir aðgerðir.

Alnæmi skýrslan
Koop gætti þess að alnæmisskýrslan væri ekki samin undir pólitískum þrýstingi. Hann skrifaði skýrsluna að mestu leyti sjálfur með fáu starfsfólki sér til aðstoðar. Þessi 36 blaðsíðna skýrsla útskýrði alnæmi á einföldu máli sem allir gátu skilið. Í henni kom fram hvernig veiran dreifði sér, hvernig hún dreifði sér ekki og hvernig hægt væri að koma í veg fyrir að smitast af henni. Skýrslan ráðlagði smokkanotkun og smokkfræðsluherferð. Það ætti að veita öllum nemendum í þriðja bekk og eldri kynfræðslu. Sumir íhaldsmenn voru ósáttir við skýrsluna því að í henni var mælt með kynfræðslu og vildu að Koop yrði sagt upp. Árið 1987 fór Koop til Hollywood þar sem hann hitti rithöfunda og framleiðendur sjónvarpsefnis til að fá þá til að semja þætti um HIV og alnæmi til að upplýsa almenning og vara við hættum af kynsjúkdómum. Koop hvatti einnig rithöfunda til að sýna samúð við sjúklinga sem höfðu alnæmi og gera fólk ekki hrætt við þá. Árið eftir, stytti Koop skýrslu sína og birti hana almenningi. Þessi útgáfa skýrslunnar hét "What Every American Needs to Know About AIDS" og henni var dreift til 107 milljóna heimila í Bandaríkjunum. Það var stærsta póstsendingin í sögu Bandaríkjanna og var í fyrsta skiptið sem alríkisstjórnin reyndi að upplýsa almenning um kynlíf. Skýrsla Koop lagði grunninn að almennri kynfræðslu í Bandaríkjunum. Kynfræðsla stóð frammi fyrir niðurskurði á áttunda áratugnum en Koop kom í veg fyrir það.

Tópak
Koop hélt því fram í skýrslu sinni frá 1988 að nikótín væri ávanabindandi efni sem væri svipað og heróín eða kókaín. Skýrsla Koop kom mörgum á óvart, sérstaklega þeim sem bjuggust við að hann myndi viðhalda óbreyttu áliti sérfræðinga á tóbaki. Koop skoraði á Bandaríkin að vera reyklaus fyrir árið 2000. Undir forystu hans samþykkti bandaríska þingið árið 1984 lög um ný viðvörunarmerki á öllum sígarettupökkum. Þau merki eru óbreytt í dag. Koop gaf út átta skýrslur um afleiðingar af notkun tóbaks á heilsu manna, þar á meðal um heilsufarslegar afleiðingar óbeinna reykinga. Í embættistíð Koops lækkaði hlutfall reykinga í Bandaríkjunum verulega, úr 38% í 27%.

Dauði og arfleifð
Koop dó 25. febrúar 2013, 96 ára gamall, á heimili sínu í Hanover, New Hampshire. Samkvæmt aðstoðarmanni hans hafði hann verið veikur í nokkra mánuði og hafði orðið fyrir nýrnabilun. Koop hafði mikil áhrif á lýðheilsu og menntun. Hann er vel þekktur fyrir afstöðu sína til þungunarrofs en áhriffamesta framlag hans til bandarískrar menningar var skýrsla hans um alnæmi sem lagði grunninn að kynfræðslu um öll Bandaríkin.

Tilvísanir

Bandarískir læknar

C. Everett Koop


මයික්‍රොසොෆ්ට් ඇක්සස්(Microsoft Access) යනු දත්ත සමුදාය කළමනාකරණ පද්ධතියකි

Data Base

පරිගණක දෘඩාංග තුල තැන්පත් කරනු ලබන දත්ත එකතුවක් Data Base එකක් ලෙස හඳුන්වනු ලබයි.Data Base යක් සකස් වී ඇත්තේ Data --> Fields --> Record --> Tabel යනාදි වශයෙන් විධිමත්ව හා තාර්කික ලෙසය. මේවායේ එකතුවක් නොමැතිව Data Base ක් නිර්මාණය කිරීම සිදු කළ නොහැකිය. එය එසේ වන්නේ එම සියල්ලේ එකතුවෙනි.

Data Base Management Systems යනු

දත්ත පාදකයක (Data base)ඇති දත්ත විවිධ ආකාරයෙන් ප්‍රයෝජනයට ගැනිම සඳහාත්" දත්ත දත්ත ගොනු (Data base)ලෙස තැන්පත් කර ගැනිම සඳහාත් භාවිතා කරනු ලබන මෘදුකාංග Database Management Systems ලෙස හඳුන්වයි. මෙවැනි මෘදුකාංග වලට උදාහරණ ලෙස MS Access, FoxPro, Dbase, Oracle යනාදිය දැක්විය හැකිය.

Ms Access පද්ධතිය පිළිබඳව හැදින්වීම

දත්ත කළමණාකරණය සඳහා භාවිතා කිරීමට සකස් කර ඇති පරිගණක වැඩසටහන් පද්ධතියක් ලෙස (Package) MS Access යනුවෙන් හදුන්වනු ලැබේ. මෙම Package භාවිතය මගින් වාසි බොහොමයක් ලබාගත හැක. මෙහිදී දත්ත රැස්කර තබාගැනීම සඳහා අවශ්‍ය Database සකස්කර ගැනීමද එම Database තුල අවශ්‍ය පරිදි වර්ග කර දත්ත රැස්කර තබාගැනීමේ ඉඩ කඩ සලසා ඇත. මේ අනුව MSAccess යනු Data Access Program පද්ධතියක් වශයෙන් හදුන්වා දිය හැකිය.

Access Package යේ ඇති වාසි

   •	ඉතා පහසුවෙන් පරිගණකය තුල දත්ත රැස්කර තබාගැනිම.

   •	රැස්කළ දත්ත අවශ්‍ය පරිදි සංශෝධනය කළ හැකිවීම.

   •	නව දත්ත ඇතුල් කිරීම හෝ අනවශ්‍ය දත්ත මැකීමට හැකිවීම.

   •	ඇතුල් කරණු ලැබූ දත්ත ඇසුරින් විවිධ වාර්ථා හා තොරතුරු නිපදවිය හැකිවීම.

   •	අවශ්‍ය වූ විටක මෙම දත්ත MS Word, MS Excel වැනි Package වෙත යැවිය හැකිවීම.

Access Package යේ ඇති අවාසි

   •	Package පිළිබද දැනුමක් ඇති අයකුට පමනක් භාවිතා කළ හැකිවීම.

   •	දත්ත තැන්පත් කළ දෘඩාංග කොටස් වලට හානියක් සිදුවුවහොත් සියලුම දත්ත හා තොරතුරු නැවත ලබාගත නොහැකිවීම.

Starting MS Access

   Start -->  Program  -->  MS Access

Database යනු

සංවිධානාත්මකව ඇතුල් කරනු ලබන එකිනෙකට සම්බන්ධ දත්ත සමූහයක එකතුවක් Database යක් ලෙස හැදින්වේ' මෙම Database තුල විවිධත්වයෙන් යුත් විශාල ගොනු පහසුවෙන් සකස් කර ගත හැකිවීම මෙහි ඇති වාසි වශයෙන් දැක්විය හැක. උදාහරණ වශයෙන්,

පාසල සම්බන්ධයෙන් Database සකසන්නේ නම් එම පාසලේ ශිෂ්‍ය දත්ත, ගුරුභවතුන්ගේ දත්ත, භෞතික සම්පත් පිළිබඳ දත්ත ඇතුලත් වන සේ සකසන ලද ගොනු කීපයක එකතුවක්

කිසියම් ආයතනයක සේවක පිරිසගේ දත්ත, එම ආයතනයේ නිෂ්පාදනයන් පිළිබද දත්ත, එම ආයතනයේ ගැනුම් කරුවන්ගේ දත්ත හා එම ගැනුම් කරුවන් මිලදි ගන්නා තොග පිළිබඳ දත්ත ඇතුලත් වන සේ සකසන ලද ගොනු කීපයක එකතුවක් Database ලෙස හදුන්වා දිය හැකිවේ.

Creating a Database

ACCESS PACKAGE භාවිතා කර දත්ත ඇතුල් කිරීමේදී පලමුව කළ යුත්තේ Database සැකසීමය. එය ACCESS PACKAGE ය තිරයට ගන්නා අවස්ථාවේදීම හා Package තිරයට ගත් පසුද සකස්කර ගැනීම කළ හැකිවේ.

ACCESS PACKAGE  තිරයට ගන්නා අවස්ථාවේදීම දත්ත ගොනු සැකසිම

Start --> Program  --> MS Access -->  Blank Database --> Ok  -->  ලැඛෙන තිරයේ Database හි නම හා එය සකසන ස්ථානය තෝරා --> Create යන විධානය භාවිතා කරන්න.

ACCESS PACKAGE  තිරයට ගත් පසු දත්ත ගොනුව සකසන්නේ නම්

File --> New --> General --> Blank Database --> Ok --> ලැබෙන තිරයේ Database  හි නම හා එය සකසන ස්ථානය තෝරා  --> Create යන විධානය භාවිතා කරන්න.

Database යක් විවෘත කර ගන්නා ආකාරය

File --> Open

තෝරා ගත් පසු ලැඛෙන තිරයේ  Lookin නම් ස්ථානයේ විවෘත කළ යුතු Database ය ඇති ස්ථානය තෝරා විවෘත කළ යුතු Database යෙහි නම මතට Clickකර Open තෝරා ගන්න.

මයික්‍රොසොෆ්ට් ඔෆිස්
මයික්‍රෝසොෆ්ට්
පරිගණක මෘදුකාංග
තොරතුරු තාක්ෂණය

මයික්‍රොසොෆ්ට් ඇක්සස්