Peter Friedli (* 8. August 1925 in Bern; † 13. Januar 2012 ebenda)  war ein Schweizer Fotograf, Maler und Arzt.

Leben
Peter Friedli wuchs wie sein Bruder Bendicht Friedli in Bern auf. Neben seinem Beruf als Arzt war er freier Journalist und Publizist. Seine Fotografien und Textbeiträge wurden in zahlreichen Zeitungsausgaben verwendet.

Fotograf und Publizist
Peter Friedli war vor allem für seine fotografischen Portraits von Kunstschaffenden, Galeristen oder Kuratoren bekannt. Auch Schriftsteller, Musiker und Politiker wurden von ihm fotografiert. Er schuf mit seinen Fotografien ein bedeutendes Archiv, das über lange Zeit das kulturelle Leben der Landeshauptstadt Bern und auch in der Schweiz abbildete. Mit seiner Leica-Kamera versuchte er über das Foto den Charakter der fotografierten Person abzubilden. Peter Friedli ging mit seiner Kamera an Kunstausstellungen oder andere öffentliche Ereignisse und fotografierte dort die auftretenden Persönlichkeiten. Er fotografierte zum Beispiel den Unternehmer Willy Michel zusammen mit Franz Gertsch für das Buch zum Museum Franz Gertsch in Burgdorf. 1994 stellte die Kunsthalle Bern im Rahmen der Berner Galerietage 100 fotografische Portraits aus, die Peter Friedli angefertigt hatte. Sie zeigten bekannte Schweizer Künstler.

Beispiele von Porträtfotos

Kunstmaler
Peter Friedli war wie sein Bruder Bendicht Friedli Kunstmaler. Bekannt geworden sind vor allem seine Aquarelle.

Literatur
 Tête-à-têtes: Katalog zur Ausstellung "Tête-à-Têtes" in der Orangerie Elfenau, Bern, vom 6. Juni bis 7. Juli 1996. Bern: Stämpfli, 1996. 210 Seiten. ISBN 3-7272-9197-4

Nachlass
Der Nachlass wurde von Peter Friedli auf verschiedene Institutionen aufgeteilt. Eine Übersicht dazu gibt eine Datei beim Staatsarchiv des Kantons Bern.
 : Porträts von Schweizer Politikern
 Nachlass Peter Friedli im Staatsarchiv des Kantons Bern: Porträts von Berner Politikern
 Nachlass Peter Friedli bei Sikart: Porträts von Kunstschaffenden, Kuratoren und Galeristen
Nachlass
Nachlass Peter Friedli in der Datenbank HelveticArchives bzw. als Online-Inventar (EAD) des Schweizerischen Literaturarchivs (Fotoporträts literarischer Persönlichkeiten) und Peter Friedlis Sammlung von Kunstblättern Schweizer Künstlerinnen und Künstler in der Graphischen Sammlung der Schweizerischen Nationalbibliothek

Weblinks

 Onlineportal FotoCH, Eintrag Peter Friedli zur Geschichte der Fotografie.
 Interview mit der Performance-Künstlerin Manon mit Peter Friedli: Alle Gesichter zeigen gelebtes Leben, Onlineportal der NZZ, abgerufen am 17. November 2016.

Einzelnachweise

Fotograf (20. Jahrhundert)
Fotograf (Bern)
Mediziner (20. Jahrhundert)
Schweizer
Geboren 1925
Gestorben 2012
Mann

Peter Friedli


Les frères Kadogo es una película del año 2006.

Sinopsis
Jim, Tom y Billy, de unos 14 años, han sido reclutados a la fuerza en una guerrilla. Desmovilizados constantemente, acaban siendo niños de la calle. Los recogen en un centro dirigido por un religioso. Sin poder deshacerse de sus malos hábitos, no consiguen adaptarse a esta vida. Se escapan del centro para volver a encontrarse en la calle. Desorientado por la muerte accidental de sus amigos, Jim va en busca de su antiguo jefe rebelde. Se entera de que éste se ha vuelto el jefe del ejército y que niega, a lo largo de una entrevista televisada, la existencia de los niños.

Premios
 FESPACO 2007

Referencias

Les frères Kadogo


<noinclude>
UFC Fight Night: Mousasi vs. Hall 2 (også kendt som UFC Fight Night 99) var et MMA-stævne, produceret af Ultimate Fighting Championship, der blev afholdt den 19. november 2016 i The SSE Arena i Belfast i Nordirland.

Baggrund
Stævnet var det andet som organisationen afholdte i Nordirland, efter at det første UFC 72, blev afholdt i 2007.

En weltervægtkamp mellem udfordrene Dong Hyun Kim og Gunnar Nelson skulle have været stævnets hovedattraktion. Men den 21. oktober blev det offentliggjort at Nelson havde meldt afbud på grund af en skade og kampen blev aflyst Til gengæld blev en mellemvægts-rematch mellem tidligere Strikeforce-letsværvægts-mester Gegard Mousasi og Uriah Hall offentliggjort som den nye hovedkamp. De kæmpede tidligere mod hinanden i september 2015 ved UFC Fight Night: Barnett vs. Nelson hvor Hall vandt via TKO i 2. omgang, hvilket var anset som en store overraskelse.

Ved indvejningen, vejde Zak Cummings ind på 172.8 pund, næsten 2 pund over weltervægtgrænsen på 171 pund. Dette resulterede i at Cummings som bøde måtte betale 20% af sin løn til modstanderen Alexander Yakovlev og kampen blev kæmpet i catchweight.

Danske Anna Elmose kæmpede sin anden UFC-kamp i karrieren hvor hun mødte amerikanske Amanda Cooper, som hun tabte til på en enstemmig afgørelse med dommerstemmerne 30–27, 29–28, 29–28. Dette blev den sidste kamp Elmoses karriere.

Bonus awards
De følgende kæmpere blev belønnet med $50,000 bonuser:
 Fight of the Night: Ingen
 Performance of the Night: Jack Marshman, Kevin Lee, Justin Ledet og Abdul Razak Alhassan

International tv-transmittering

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 UFC Fight Night – UFC.com
 UFC Fight Night 99 - Mousasi vs. Hall 2 – Sherdog.com

UFC Fight Night
Mixed martial arts

UFC Fight Night: Mousasi vs. Hall 2


ප්‍රදීප් නිලංග දෑල (ඉංග්‍රීසි: Pradeep Nilanga Dela) වත්මන් දියවඩන නිලමේවරයාය.වර්ෂ 2005 ජුලි මස 01 වෙනි දින ශ්‍රී දළදා මාලිගාවේ ගිහි භාරකාර දියවඩන නිලමේ තනතුරට තේරී පත්විය.

මුල් දිවිය

රත්නපුර දිස්ති‍්‍රක්කයේ දෑල ගොඩැල්ල වලව්වෙහි ඩික්සන් සරත්චන්ද්‍ර දෑල යුවළගේ පුත‍්‍රයා ලෙස වර්ෂ 1973 ඔක්තෝම්බර් මස 28 වෙනි දින ජන්ම ලාභය ලැබීය.අධ්‍යාපනය ලැබූයේ කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයේය.

දියවඩන නිලමේ

වර්ෂ 1999දී සබරගමු මහ සමන් දේවාලයේ බස්නායක නිලමේ තනතුරට ද, 2001 වර්ෂයේදී රුහුණු මහ කතරගම දේවාලයේ බස්නායක නිලමේ තනතුරට ද තේරීපත් වු මෙතුමා, 2004 වර්ෂයේදී දෙවන වරටත් සබරගමු මහ සමන් දේවාලයේ බස්නායක නිලමේ වශයෙන් පත්විය. ශී‍්‍ර ලංකා හීලෑ අලි ඇතුන් හිමි හාම්පුතුන්ගේ සංගමයේ සභාපතිවරයාය.එතුමා විසින් ඉටුකරනු ලබන ජාතික, ආගමික, සංස්කෘතික හා සමාජ මෙහෙවරයන් ඇගැයීමට ලක්කල ස්‍යාම නිකායික ශී‍්‍ර රෝහණ පාර්ශවයේ සංඝ සභාව "බුද්ධ ශාසන බන්ධු" යන ගෞරව නාමයෙන් ද, 2005 දී කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ නාලන්දා කීර්ති ශ්‍රී යන ගෞරව නාමයෙන් ද, සබරගමු විශ්ව විද්‍යාලය "සබරගමු සරසවි අභිරම්‍ය" යන ගෞරව සම්මානයෙන් ද පුදනු ලැබුහ.

පළමු ධුර කාලය
2005 ජූලි මස 01 වන දින පැවති ඡන්දයෙන් පළමු වරට ශ්‍රී දළදා මාළිගාවේ දියවඩන නිලමේ වශයෙන් තේරීපත්විය.

දෙවන ධුර කාලය

2015 සැප්තැම්බර් මස 08 වන දින පැවති ඡන්දයෙන් මොහු දෙවන වරටත් (අවුරුදු දහයක් සදහා) දියවඩන නිලමේ වශයෙන් තේරීපත්විය.

මෙයද බලන්න
 මහනුවර ශ්‍රී දළදා මාලිගාවේ දියවඩන නිලමේ

ආශ්‍රිත

 නාලන්දියයන්ගේ ආඩම්බරය - නාලන්දා කීර්තී ශී‍්‍ර ගෞරව සම්මානය

 Pinbara Udesana (පින්බර උදෑසන) | 2017-02-12 | 8.30 AM (නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලය (කොළඹ 10))

 මහනුවර දළදා මාළිගාවේ දියවඩන නිලමේ ප්‍රදීප් නිලංග දෑල මහතා සමග මුහුණට මුහුණ පිළිසඳර ..Exclusive interview with Hon.Pradeep Nilanga Dela - Diyawadana Nilame

චරිත කතා
1973 උපත්
දියවඩන නිලමේවරු
ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ
දියවඩන නිලමේවරු
ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ
ආදි නාලන්දියයෝ

ප්‍රදීප් නිලංග දෑල


රෝමානු ජනරජය විසින් ක්‍රිපූ 146දී  දියත් කරන ලද කොරින්ත් සටන නමින් හැඳින්වෙන සටනෙහි අවසන් ප්‍රතිඵලය වූයේ, අයස්කාන්ත ධන සම්භාරයක් සතුවීම නිස‍ා ඉමහත් කීර්තියට පාත්‍රව සිටි එම ග්‍රීක රාජ්‍යය සම්පූර්ණයෙන් හා මුළුමනින් විනාශ මුඛයට ගොදුරුවීමය.

රෝමන්වරු ක්‍රිපූ 146 හිදී ලූසියස් මමියස් ඇකිකස් ගේ නායකත්වය යටතේ පැමිණ කොරින්ත් වටලා එය විනාශ කර දැමූහ. නගරයට ඇතුළුවූ මමියස් සියළු පුරුෂයන් කඩුගා දැමූ අතර, නගරය ගිනි රකුසාට බිලි දීමට පෙර ස්ත්‍රීන් හා දරුවන්  වහලුන් ලෙස විකිණීය. මේ සියළු දෑ අගයනු වස් ඇකියානු සංගමයේ අභිභාවකයා යන අරුතැති ඇකිකස් යන විරුදනාමය ඔහු වෙත පිරිනැමිනි.

පුරාවිද්‍යාත්මක සාක්ෂි පෙන්නුම් කරන ආකාරයට මෙම නගරය ඉන් ඉක්බිතිව ඉතාමත් අල්ප ලෙස ජනාවාස වී ඇති අතර, තමා ඝාතනයට ලක්ව මිය පරලොව යෑමට ටික කලකට පෙර ජූලියස් සීසර් විසින් ක්‍රිපු 44 දී මෙම පුරවරය කොලෝනියා ලාවුස්  ඉයුලියා කොරින්තියේන්සිස් යනුවෙන් නම් කරමින් නැවත ගොඩ නගා ඇත.

ග්‍රීසිය රෝමානු ආධිපත්‍ය්‍යට නතු වීමෙන් අනතුරුව, රෝම ඉතිහාසයට ග්‍රීක-රෝමානු යුගය නම්වූ අළුත් පරිච්ඡේදයක් එක් විය.

146 BC
Corinth 146 BC

කොරින්ත් සටන (ක්‍රිපූ 146)


سناده قرية مغربية أمازيغية شمال المملكة، تنتمي إلى إقليم الحسيمة الساحلي، شمالي فاس، تضم بلدة سنادة 9.870 نسمة (إحصاء 2004).

التاريخ

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في إقليم الحسيمة
الريف
جبال الريف
جماعات قروية في المغرب
جماعات قروية في جهة طنجة تطوان الحسيمة
قرى المغرب

زنادة


William Sinclair (1410–1480), 1st Earl of Caithness (1455–1476), last Earl (Jarl) of Orkney (1434–1470 de facto, –1472 de jure), 2nd Lord Sinclair and 11th Baron of Roslin was a Norwegian and Scottish nobleman and the builder of Rosslyn Chapel, in Midlothian.

In The Scots Peerage by James Balfour Paul he is designated as the 1st Lord Sinclair, but historian Roland Saint-Clair designates him the 2nd Lord Sinclair in reference to his father, Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, being the first person recorded as Lord Sinclair by public records.

Early life

He was the son of Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney and Egidia Douglas, daughter of Sir William Douglas of Nithsdale and maternal granddaughter of Robert II of Scotland. He was also the grandson of Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney.

His father Henry, who had been a de facto Jarl of Orkney, died in 1420; William travelled to Copenhagen in 1422 to establish his claim to the Jarldom, but David Menzies was appointed instead, to rule as William's guardian until he came of age. In 1424, William succeeded in wresting de facto control of the earldom from his guardian, but it was not until 1434 that he was acknowledged as Jarl of Orkney by King Eric VII of Denmark, Norway and Sweden, sovereign of Orkney.

Earl of Orkney

On succeeding to the Earldom of Orkney, William had barely been in possession of it for a year when he was one of five earls selected to be among twenty hostages, proposed on 31 May 1421, for the redemption of James I of Scotland. When that redemption could not be obtained, he was then placed on the list of nobles who received a passport to visit James I, who was then a prisoner in England. The earl received a safe conduct for himself and twenty-four persons. James I returned to Scotland in 1424 and he was met at Durham by the Earl of Orkney as well as the Earls of Lennox, Wigtown, Moray, Crawford, March, Angus and Stratherne.

In 1423, David Menzies of Wemyss, chief of the Clan Menzies and uncle of William, was entrusted by King Eric with the administration of the Isles, and the Bishop of Orkney subscribed to this obligation as surety. However, due to disorder during the reign of Menzies, the government of the earldom was reinstated to the Bishop for seven years until the young Earl William could formally receive his investiture. However, the young William had taken the title of earl before receiving his investiture as he is styled as Earl of Orkney in 1426 at the assize in Stirling, and again in 1428 when he was present at Edinburgh dealing with a complaint made by his mother regarding the spoilation of her Nithsdale possessions.

In 1434, William crossed over to Denmark and King Eric granted investiture to him for the Earldom of Orkney. Earl William was also to hold Kirkwall Castle for the king and his successors. In the same year James I of Scotland's daughter, Margaret, was betrothed to Louis, Dauphin of France and Charles VII of France then arranged for Margaret to be escorted back to France. The King of Scotland ordered that all should be ready by 20 June, and William, Earl of Orkney had forty-six ships in readiness to transport Margaret and her train. The fleet that carried her to her future kingdom was commanded by the Earl of Orkney.

In 1446, the Earl of Orkney laid the foundation stone of the Collegiate Church of St Matthew, commonly referred to as Rosslyn Chapel. In the same year the Earl of Orkney was called to the Norwegian Riksråd to take the oath of Christopher of Bavaria who was the successor of King Eric of Denmark, Norway and Sweden.

After the death of childless King Christopher of Norway in 1448, Earl William was mentioned as a possible candidate for the vacant throne, as the jarl of Orkney was the highest ranking nobleman in Norway. However, there are no indications that he pursued this claim. The same year the Earl of Orkney appears obtaining the patronage of the chapel of Saint Duthac in Kirkwall.

In 1454–55, the Earls of Orkney and Angus laid siege to Abercorn Castle with 6,000 men because Lord Hamilton was in league with the rebel Earl of Douglas. Hamilton was taken by the royal camp and the Earl of Orkney kept him in honourable captivity in Roslin Castle for a few days until he defected from the House of Douglas.

On 15 November 1456, the earl's father-in-law, Alexander Sutherland of Dunbeath, made his will in the earl's presence at Roslin Castle. The earl had married Sutherland's daughter Marjory, by Sutherland's wife Mariota, daughter of Donald of Islay, Lord of the Isles.

James II of Scotland died in 1460 and the Earl of Orkney was elected as one of six Governors for the government during the minority of the young James III of Scotland.

In 1468, James III of Scotland married Margaret, daughter of Christian I of Norway, Sweden and Denmark. Christian was unable to immediately provide a dowry. Instead, he promised that dowry would be provided at a later date, pledging the territory of the Jarldom of Orkney as security for his promise. The sovereignty of Orkney therefore transferred from Norway to Scotland. In 1470, James III offered William the castle and lands of Ravenscraig in Fife, in return for William quitclaiming his rights in Orkney and Shetland, an offer William accepted.

The Norse jarldom technically remained in existence, but William now only had authority over the mainland parts - Caithness and Sutherland. In 1472, it having become clear that the dowry was unlikely to be paid, James declared the Jarldom's territory to be forfeit to the Scottish Crown, to which it was annexed by an Act of the Scottish Parliament, on 20 February. William now wielded his authority under the king of Scotland, rather than of Norway.

Earl of Caithness

Exchanging his inherited lordship of Nithsdale for lands in Caithness, William was granted the hereditary title Earl of Caithness in 1455. He resigned the Earldom in favour of his second son from his second marriage, William, in 1476.

William, Earl of Orkney died before 3 July 1480.

Family

William Sinclair was married three times: firstly to Lady Elizabeth Douglas, daughter of Archibald Douglas, 4th Earl of Douglas; secondly to Marjory Sutherland (married 1456), daughter of Alexander Sutherland of Dunbeath; and thirdly to Janet Yeman.

By Lady Elizabeth Douglas he had the following children:

William Sinclair, 3rd Lord Sinclair who was reportedly disinherited by his father, only receiving Ravenscraig Castle in Fife.
Lady Catherine Sinclair, who married Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany.
Elizabeth Sinclair, who married Andrew, Master of Rothes

By Marjory Sutherland he had the following children:

Oliver St Clair, 12th Baron of Roslin, who received the Barony of Roslin.
William Sinclair, 2nd Earl of Caithness (b. 1460 - d. 1513)
Alexander Sinclair ()
George Sinclair ()
Robert Sinclair (1447)
Arthur Sinclair ()
Lady Eleanor Sinclair (b. 1457- d. 1518), who married John Stewart, 1st Earl of Atholl.
Lady Elizabeth Sinclair (b.  - d. 1498), who married the Laird of Houston.
Lady Margaret Sinclair (), who married David Boswell of Balmuto.
Lady Katherine Sinclair (b. 1440 - d. 1479)
Lady Susan Sinclair ()
Lady Marjory Sinclair (1455–80), married Andrew Leslie, Master of Rothes. With Andrew she had issue including William Leslie, 3rd Earl of Rothes
Lady Mariota Sinclair ()
Lady Euphemia Sinclair (), who married John Kincaid Laird of Warriston.

Illegitimate:
Sir David Sinclair of Sumburgh, died 1507.

The earl's second son of his second marriage, William Sinclair, became the designated heir of the Earldom of Caithness, and continued that title. The Barony of Roslin went to his first son by that marriage, Sir Oliver Sinclair.

References

Charles Mosley, Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th edition.
Sir James Balfour Paul, The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom. Edinburgh 1904.

1410 births
1480 deaths
William
William
William
Lord chancellors of Scotland
Lord High Admirals of Scotland
Scottish architects
William
Norwegian earls
Scottish Roman Catholics
Scottish sheriffs
15th-century Scottish military personnel

William Sinclair, 1st Earl of Caithness


Rhachitheciaceae, porodica pravih mahovina u redu Dicranales koja se sastoji od 8 rodova s 15 priznatih vrsta, dio je reda  Dicranales

Rodovi
 Hypnodontopsis Z. Iwats. & Nog.
 Jonesiobryum Bizot & Pócs ex B.H. Allen & Pursell
 Rhachitheciopsis P. de la Varde
 Rhachithecium Broth. ex Le Jol.
 Tisserantiella P. de la Varde
 Ulea Müll.Hal.
 Zanderia Goffinet

Izvori

Dicranales

Rhachitheciaceae


හොරණ නගරය තුල පිිිහිටි අලංකාර ගෘහ නිර්මාණයන්ගෙන් යුත් දර්ශනීය විහාරස්ථානයක් ලෙස මෙම විිහාරස්ථානය හැඳිිින්න හැකිය.

හොරණ පූර්වාරාම විහාරස්ථානය


Magni Arge (født 15. december 1959 i Tórshavn) er en færøsk erhvervsleder og politiker (T).

Baggrund og karriere
Magni Arge er søn af radiodirektør Niels Juel Arge, bror til journalist og byrådspolitiker Jógvan Arge og onkel til forfatteren, musikeren og tidligere fodboldsspiler Uni Arge. Han holder en BA grad i samfundsfag fra Aarhus Universitet, exam.art. i færøsk og nordisk sprog og litteratur fra Fróðskaparsetur Føroya, og har endvidere taget tillægsuddannelsen i journalistik fra Danmarks Journalisthøjskole. Fra 2014 er han indskrevet ved Færøernes Universitet, hvor han tager dele af jurauddannelsen.

Magni Arge var fra tidlig ungdom aktiv i en række foreninger, som ungdomsforeningen Skansastova, Færingeforeningen i Árhus og studenterorganisationen ved Fróðskaparsetur Føroy. Han var også i en lang række år frem til 1996 tilknyttet Útvarp Føroya som radioreporter i tilknytning til sportsbegivenheder. Arge var administrerende direktør for Apple- og Canon-distributøren T-Mac 1990–1993, formand for Ferðaráð Føroya (Færøernes Turistråd) 1993–1996 og administrerende direktør for Atlantic Airways 1995–2013. Arge har været formand i  brancheforeningen Faroe Oil Industry Association siden 1993, bestyrelsesmedlem i Føroya Arbeiðsgevarafelag (Færøernes Arbejdsgiverforening) 1997–2014 og bestyrelsesformand i Lundin Software og Ocean Rainforest siden 2014.

Han blev kåret til "Årets leder" i Færøerne i 2005. Han er omtalt i Who's Who in the World og Kraks Blå Bog.

Arge har været italiensk konsul på Færøerne siden 2008.

Politisk karriere
Arge stillede op til lagtingsvalget i 1988 for Tjóðveldi og var suppleant i Lagtinget for en kort periode. Han har været Tjóðveldis 1. vicerepræsentant til Folketinget siden 18. juni 2015, efter at han fik 1 082 personlige stemmer i folketingsvalget. Høgni Hoydal, som blev valgt i Folketinget for Tjóðveldi, meddelte før valget, at hvis han blev valgt, så ville han søge om orlov fra Folketinget kort tid efter valget, således at han kunne koncentrere sig fuldt om det forestående lagtingsvalg, som skulle afholdes senest den 28. oktober 2015. Tjóðveldi havde også besluttet, at deres mandater ikke skulle have dobbeltmandater i Lagtinget og i Folketinget, men at deres medlemmer godt kunne stille op til begge valg, de måtte derefter bare prioritere, om de ville sidde i Lagtinget eller i Folketinget, ikke begge steder. Arge vil møde for Hoydal, mens denne har orlov fra Folketinget fra juli 2015.

Ved lagtingsvalget 2015  1. September blev han valgt i Lagtinget for Tjóðveldi med 438 stemmer, hvilket var fjerdeflest for Tjóðveldi, men da partiet ikke accepterer dobbeltmandater, måtte han vælge mellem Folketing og Lagting, og valgte at søge orlov fra Lagtinget fra 21. september. Ingolf S. Olsen møder som hans suppleant fra 21. september 2015. Arge har planer om at skifte imellem Folketinget og Lagtinget, men har ikke afvist, at der kan forekomme overlap i et vist omfang.

5. juni 2019 var hans sidste dag i Folketinget.

Grindefangst
I 2018 deltog Arge aktivt i Grindefangst i Hvalvík, hvor grindehvaler slagtes af deltagerne i bugten hvert år. Dette udløste skarp kritik i de sociale medier.

Noter

Tidligere folketingsmedlemmer fra Færøerne
Politikere fra Tjóðveldi
Personer fra Thorshavn
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog
Lagtingsmedlemmer fra Færøerne
Erhvervsfolk fra Færøerne

Magni Arge


USS Haddock (SSN-621), was the last  to be built. She was also the third ship of the United States Navy to be named after the haddock, a large species of fish.

The contract to build her was awarded to Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, Mississippi on 24 August 1960 and her keel was laid down on 24 April 1961.  She was launched on 21 May 1966, sponsored by Mrs. Corinne (Steven) Morris, wife of Representative Thomas G. Morris of New Mexico who had served on USS Sealion (SS-195) before WWII, and commissioned on 22 December 1967 with Commander Stanley J. Anderson in command.

Service history
Haddock'''s first homeport was in San Diego, as part of Submarine Squadron 3. Following a deployment to the Western Pacific, her home port was transferred to Pearl Harbor in time for her first overhaul, which was completed in 1972. Haddock was awarded the Meritorious Unit Commendation for significant achievements during her next deployment.

In 1977, Haddock had a 19-month overhaul in Mare Island, following which she was restationed in San Diego, and Submarine Squadron Three.Haddock completed her seventh deployment to the Western Pacific on 23 December 1983. She then went to Mare Island in October 1984 for her third overhaul and returned to San Diego and Submarine Squadron Three in February 1987. Haddock earned the Battle Efficiency "E" Award for fiscal year 1988.Haddock deployed to the Western Pacific for the eleventh time from July to October 1991.History needed for 1991–1993.FateHaddock was decommissioned and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 7 April 1993. Ex-Haddock'' entered the Nuclear Powered Ship and Submarine Recycling Program on 1 October 2000.  Recycling was completed on 1 October 2001.

References

External links

Ships built in Pascagoula, Mississippi
Permit-class submarines
Cold War submarines of the United States
Nuclear submarines of the United States Navy
1966 ships

USS Haddock (SSN-621)


Carlos Quevedo (* 23. Februar 1993 in Puigcerdà) ist ein spanischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit 2015 für die Robert Morris Colonials, das Team der Robert Morris University, aus Pittsburgh in der National Collegiate Athletic Association spielt.

Karriere
Carlos Quevedo begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler in der Nachwuchsabteilung des CG Puigcerdà aus seiner Heimatstadt. 1997 wechselte er zum französischen Spitzenklub Dragons de Rouen, für dessen U18-Junioren er in der Saison 2007/28 bereits mit 14 Jahren auflief. Anschließend wechselte er zum finnischen Klub FoPS, für den er ein Jahr lang ebenfalls in der U18 spielte. Seit 2009 spielt der Angreifer abwechselnd für die Nachwuchsabteilung von Ilves Tampere und Koo-Vee. 2013 kehrte er zu FoPS zurück. 2015 zog es ihn in die Vereinigten Staaten, wo er für das Team der Robert Morris University in der National Collegiate Athletic Association spielt.

International
Für Spanien nahm Quevedo im Juniorenbereich an der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft der Division II 2011 sowie den U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaften der Division II 2010, 2011, 2012 und 2013, als er Mannschaftskapitän des spanischen Nachwuchses war, teil. Bei der Winter-Universiade 2015 in Granada belegte er mit der spanischen Studentenauswahl den neunten Platz.

Im Seniorenbereich stand er im Aufgebot seines Landes bei der Weltmeisterschaft der Division I 2011 sowie der Division II 2012, 2014 und 2016. Außerdem vertrat er seine Farben beim Qualifikationsturnier für die Olympischen Winterspiele 2014 in Sotschi.

Auszeichnungen und Erfolge
 2014 Aufstieg in die Division II, Gruppe A, bei der Weltmeisterschaft der Division II, Gruppe B

Weblinks

Eishockeynationalspieler (Spanien)
Eishockeyspieler (CG Puigcerdà)
Eishockeyspieler (Rouen Hockey Élite 76)
Eishockeyspieler (Tampereen Ilves)
Eishockeyspieler (Robert Morris Colonials)
Eishockeyspieler (Schweden)
Sportler (Rouen)
Sportler (Forssa)
Teilnehmer der Winter-Universiade 2015
Spanier
Geboren 1993
Mann
Universiadeteilnehmer (Spanien)

Carlos Quevedo


SM U 37 war ein diesel-elektrisches U-Boot der deutschen Kaiserlichen Marine, das im Ersten Weltkrieg zum Einsatz kam.

Einsätze
U 37 lief am 25. August 1914 bei der Germaniawerft in Kiel vom Stapel und wurde am 9. Dezember 1914 in Dienst gestellt. Der erste und einzige Kommandant des Bootes war Kapitänleutnant Erich Wilke.

U 37 führte lediglich eine unvollständige Feindfahrt durch, auf der zwei Handelsschiffe der Entente mit einer Gesamttonnage von 2811 BRT versenkt wurden.

Verbleib
Am 20. März 1915 lief U 37 zu einer Feindfahrt im Ärmelkanal aus. Seit Anfang April gilt das U-Boot als vermisst. Es wird angenommen, dass U 37 bei dem Rückmarsch nördlich von Zeebrügge beziehungsweise östlich der Straße von Dover auf eine Mine lief, wobei alle 35 Besatzungsmitglieder ums Leben kamen. Das U-Boot könnte aber auch durch eine Havarie aufgrund technischer Mängel oder eines menschlichen Fehlers gesunken sein.

Fußnoten

Literatur
 Bodo Herzog: Deutsche U-Boote 1906–1966. Erlangen: Karl Müller Verlag, 1993, ISBN 3-86070-036-7.
 Paul Kemp: Die deutschen und österreichischen U-Boot-Verluste in beiden Weltkriegen. Gräfelfing vor München: Urbes, 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7.

Weblinks
 uboat.net WWI U-boats U 37 (englisch)
 Gedenktafel für U 37 am U-Boot-Ehrenmal Möltenort

Militär-U-Boot (Kaiserliche Marine)
U-Boot im Ersten Weltkrieg
Schiffsverlust im Ersten Weltkrieg
Schiffsverlust 1915
Germaniawerft

SM U 37


Los edrioasteroideos (Edrioasteroidea) son una clase extinta de equinodermos que vivieron desde el Ediacárico (si finalmente se considera a Arkarua un verdadero edrioasteroideo) hasta el Pérmico.

Taxonomía

Lista de géneros
Esta lista de géneros está muy incompleta:

?Arkarua
?A. adami (podría ser un Trilobozoo)
Walcotidiscus (sin dudas, el edruiasteroideo más antiguo, del Cámbrico medio - comunidad de Burgess Shale)
W. typicalus
Kailidiscus
K. chinensis
Edrioaster (tipo)
E. bigsbyi
E. priscus
Edriophus
E. levis
Paredriophus
P. elongatus
Totiglobus
T. nimius
T. lloydi
Lebedodiscus
Foerstediscus
Cystaster
Cryptogoleus
Bellochthus
Cystaster
Streptaster
S. vorticellatus
Cystaster
C. stellatus
Cryptogoleus
C. chapmani
Carneyella
C. pilea
C. faberi
C. ulrichi
Isorophus
I. cincinnatiensis
Isorophusella
Rectitriordo
Agelacrinites
Krama
Parakrama
Hemicystites
Neoisorophusella
N. lanei
N. berryi
N. maslennikovi
N. whitesidei
Curvitriordo
Thresherodiscus
T. ramosa (Foerste, 1914)
Postibulla
Parapostibulla
Eopostibulla
Pyrgopostibulla
Torquerisediscus
Cooperidiscus
Dynocystis
Stalticodiscus
Ulrichidiscus
Clavidiscus
Discocystis
Hypsiclavus
Spiraclavus
Giganticlavus
Lispidecodus
L. plinthotus (Kesling, 1967)

Referencias

 http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/echinodermata/edrioasteroidea.html University of California, Berkeley.
 http://drydredgers.org/edrio1.htm Compiled by Colin D. Sumrall.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20060830083438/http://www.tulane.edu/~csumral/Abstract Spiraclavus nacoensis, a New Species of Clavate Agelacrinitid Edrioasteroid from Central Arizona by Colin D. Sumrall.
 http://www.science-art.com/image.asp?id=1357  Reconstruction by Emily Damstra.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20120205030829/http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2003AM/finalprogram/abstract_65113.htm Geological Society of America.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20060830083430/http://www.tulane.edu/~csumral/morph.html by Colin D. Sumrall

Pelmatozoa

Edrioasteroidea


Mikroskop (; ), çıplak gözle görülemeyecek kadar küçük cisimlerin birkaç çeşit mercek yardımıyla büyütülerek görüntüsünün incelenmesini sağlayan bir alettir. Öncelikle adından da anlaşılacağı üzere, mikro, yani çok küçük hücrelerin incelenmesinin yanı sıra, sanayi, menakür, genetik, jeoloji, arkeoloji ve kriminalistik alanında da büyük hizmetler görmektedir.

Mikroskobu, ilk önce Hollandalı Zacharias Janssen'in, 1590 dolaylarında bir teleskobu tadil etmek suretiyle meydana getirdiği kabul edilmektedir. Ancak bu sıralarda başka Hollandalı, Alman, İngiliz ve İtalyan bilginleri de, mercek sistemi tersine çevrilmiş bir teleskobun, cisimleri büyütmek için kullanılabileceğinin farkına varmışlardır.

Nitekim dünyanın güneş etrafında döndüğünü açıkladığı için, engizisyon işkencesine tâbi tutulan ve dünyayı güneş etrafında döndüğünü iddia etmekten vazgeçmesi şartıyla Papa tarafından serbest bırakılan meşhur İtalyan bilgini Galilei Galileo (1564-1642) iki mercek kullanarak bazı tecrübelerde bulunmuştu. Bugünkü mikroskobun ana prensiplerini ise 17. asırda Hollandalı Anton van Leeuwenhoek ve İngiliz Robert Hooke bulmuşlardır.

İnsan gözü doğal bir mikroskoptur. Uzaktaki cisimler ufak gözükürler. Cisimler yaklaştıkça teferruatı daha iyi seçilmeye başlanır. Göz, sonsuz bir uyum özelliğine sahip olsaydı mikroskoba ihtiyaç olmazdı.

Genel olarak mikroskop iki büyük kısma ayrılarak incelenir: mekanik kısım ve optik kısım.

Stereoskopik mikroskoplar

Cisimlerin üç boyutlu görüntülerini temin etmek maksadıyla stereoskopik mikroskoplar yapılmıştır. İki mikroskop optik sisteminin bir dürbün şeklinde bir sehpa üstüne montesinden ibarettir. Bu mikroskoplar biyoloji laboratuvarları için elverişlidir. Objeyi inceleyebilme ve diseksiyon yapma imkânı verebilen, iki gözle bakılarak üç boyutlu görüntü sağlanan mikroskoplardır. Bir Carl-Zeiss stereomikroskopta bulunan x6,3 büyütmeli objektif ve x10 büyütmeli oküler ile örneği 63 kez büyüterek dıştan, total olarak incelemek mümkündür.

Polarizasyon mikroskobu
Döner bir tabla ile iki nicol prizma veya iki polarıcı çuhayla donatılmış bir optik mikroskoptur. Tablanın altına yerleştirilen polarıcı nicol, cismin üzerine polarılmış ışık gönderir; analizleyici nicol ise, objektifin biraz üzerine yerleştirilmiştir. Bu iki prizma karşılaştığı zaman, belli bir devranı gücü olan maddelerin veya çift kırılımlı maddelerin bulunduğu bölgeler hariç, mikroskobun alanı karanlık olarak gözükür. Canlı incelemeye uygun olan bu mikroskop hücre ve dokuların bazı kısımlarını polarize ışığa gösterdikleri özel tepkilerden hareketle geliştirilmiştir. Önemli olan polarize bir ışığın bulunması olayıdır. Kaynakla kondansör arasına konulan polarlayıcı levha ışık demetinin ikiye ayrılmasını sağlar. Işık demetlerinden biri objeden diğeri ise kırılarak obje dışından geçer ve tekrar birleşirler. Siller, keratin, kristal, sinir ve kas fibrilleri, nişasta gibi hücre yapıları ve bölünmedeki mitotik yapı gibi birçok moleküler düzleştiricilerin gösterilmesinde görevli mikroskoplardır.

Faz kontrast mikroskobu

Genellikle boyanmamış ve canlı hücrelerde çalışılma zorluğundan tercih sebebi olmaktadırlar. Görünen ışığın şeffaf objeden geçişinde, hücre içindeki yapıların ışığı kırma indisleri farkından yararlan ve farklı yapıları ayırt etme prensibinde çalışır. Işık dalgaları canlı hücreyi katederken bir organelle karşılaşır ve yansır. Bunun sonucunda ışık dalgaları hücrelerden ayrı fazlarda veya ayrı zamanlarda çıkarlar. Hava ile temas eden bir ışık dalgası göze gelen görüntüdeki hücre kısımları farklı olarak ayırt edilebilir. Objektif ve kondansör mercekleri amplitüd farklarını ortaya koyan optik yüzeyler bulundurduklarından parlaklıkları indirgenir, ışık dalgası örneği katederken bütün noktalarda olan farklılıkları çıkartır ve obje ışık mikroskobunda görülemezken, burada sağlanmış olan kontrastlık sayesinde detaylı incelenebilir. Canlı materyal, hücre sitoplazması bu mikroskop ile iyi gösterilmektedir.

İnterferens mikroskobu
Faz kontras mikroskobunun iyi bir versiyonudur. Aralarında bulunan tek fark ışık demetinin kullanımdan kaynaklanır. Bir ışık demeti örnekten geçerken diğeri ise ışıktan geçemeyen ışık demetidir, değişik bölgelerin farklı yoğunlukları sayesinde kırılma indisleri ile farklılıkları ortaya koyar ve renkli bir görüntü oluşumunu sağlar. Diferansiyel İnterferens mikroskop: Hücre yüzeyinin daha iyi gösterilmesini sağlar ve benzer bir mikroskoptur.

Metalurji mikroskobu
Maden parçaları ışığı geçirmediği için mikroskoba kuvvetli bir ışık kaynağı ilave edilmiştir. Kaynaktan gelen ışık incelenecek cisme çarptırılarak objektife yansıyan ışıklardan inceleme yapılır.

Elektron mikroskobu
Elektron mikroskobu genel olarak cisimden saçılan elektronların görüntülenmesi üzerine kuruludur. Maddeyle etkileşen elektronların dalgaboyu bu görüntülemenin nanometre boyutlarında yapılmasına olanak sağlar. Bu tip mikroskoplar, elektron enerjisine ve ölçüm aletinin çalışma moduna göre, geçirimli elektron mikroskobu, taramalı elektron mikroskobu, düşük enerjili elektron mikroskobu gibi farklı sınıflara ayrılır. Kullanım alanları temel bilimlerden (başta katı hal fiziği olmak üzere jeoloji, biyoloji gibi birçok dalı içine alarak), tıbbi ve diğer teknolojik uygulamalara kadar geniş bir yelpazeyi kapsar.

Karanlık alan mikroskobu
Tamamı ile saydam olan objelerine incelenmesi amacı ile kullanılır. Karanlık Alanda özel bir kondansör yardımı ile ışıklı bir görüntü oluşturmaktadır. Otradyografide gümüşlenen kısımların ayırt edilmesini sağlar. Tıpta spiroket gibi bakterilerin ayırt edilmesinde önemli yer tutar.

Fluorescens mikroskop
Aydınlanmasında güçlü kaynaklar kullanan (ultra viole ışınları yayan, cıva veya xenon yakan ark lambaları) bir mikroskop çeşididir. Bazı modellerinde lazer kullanımında gözlenen mikroskopta obje ışığı absorbe eden moleküller içeriyorsa onu farklı renklerde yayar. İnceleme yapılacak materyalde özel boyalar ve özel inceleme işlemleri kullanılır. Parazitoloji ve bakteriolojide önemli yer tutarlar.

X-Ray mikroskobu
Işıkların, rastladıkları partiküllerle çarpışmaları sonucu yönlerini değiştirmeleri sonucu merceklerde bir görüntü oluşur ve bu prensipte çalışır. Bu kırınıma uğrayan x ışınları, merceklerin özelliği sayesinde kaynak haline getirerek obje yansıtılır, buradan ince grenli fotoğraf plağına veya ekrana gelen görüntünün yapısal özelliği, konsantrik çizgi ve noktalardan oluşmasıdır.

Eş Odaklı Lazer Tarama mikroskobu
Işık kaynağı lazer olan optik mikroskoplarla Scanning Elektron mikroskop arasında bir mikroskop çeşididir. Fluoresens işaretleyicilerle işaretlenen nükleik asit dizileri bu mikroskopla incelenmektedir.

Saha emisyon mikroskobu
Metal veya yarı iletkenlerin yüzey görüntülerinden kristal yapılarını incelemek için, saha emisyon mikroskopları kullanılır. Çok yeni bir teknik olan bu mikroskopları elektron ve optik mikroskoplardan ayıran özellik, cisimden ışık veya foton geçirmek yerine cismin kendisinden elektron veya iyon koparma (emisyon) olayıdır. Emisyon elektrik sahası ile sağlanır.

Atomik Kuvvet Mikroskobu

Atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM) kullanılarak atomik boyutta görüntüler elde edilerek yüzey çalışmaları yapılmaktadır. Radyasyon malzeme etkileşimleri açısından büyük öneme sahip olan polimerlerin ve ileri teknoloji ürünü süper iletkenlerin yapımı ve karakterizasyon çalışmaları da yapılmaktadır.

Cevher Mikroskobu
Bir polarizan mikroskop çeşididir. Normal polarizan mikroskoptan farklı olarak ışık üstten verilerek görüntü sağlanmaktadır. Cevher minerallerinin göstermiş oldukları dokusal ilişkilerin yorumlanması, maden yataklarının ekonomik potansiyelinin belirlenmesinde ve cevher hazırlama süreçleri öncesinde büyük önem taşır.

Mikroskobun kullanım talimatları
 Mikroskobun elektrik bağlantısı yapıldı mı?
 Mikroskobun ışık ayarı yapıldı mı?
 Objektif ve oküler yerine düzgün yerleştirildi mi?
 Oküler mesafe ve netlik ayarı yapıldı mı?
 Preparat, mikroskop tablasına düzgün yerleştirildi mi?

Mikroskobun mekanik parçaları

Mikroskop resimleri galerisi

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Milestones in Light Microscopy , Nature Publishing
FAQ on Optical Microscopes
Nikon MicroscopyU, tutorials from Nikon
Molecular Expressions : Exploring the World of Optics and Microscopy, Florida State University.
Microscopes made from bamboo  at Nature.com
Audio microscope glossary

Mikroskop


The aureus ( aurei, 'golden', used as a noun) was a gold coin of ancient Rome originally valued at 25 pure silver denarii (sin. denarius). The aureus was regularly issued from the 1st century BC to the beginning of the 4th century AD, when it was replaced by the solidus. The aureus was about the same size as the denarius, but heavier due to the higher density of gold (as opposed to that of silver).

Before the time of Julius Caesar the aureus was struck infrequently. Caesar struck the coin more often, and standardized the weight at  of a Roman pound (about 8 grams). Augustus () tariffed the value of the sestertius as  of an aureus.

The mass of the aureus was decreased to  of a Roman pound (7.3 g) during the reign of Nero (r. 54–68). At about the same time the purity of the silver coinage was also slightly decreased.

After the reign of Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180) the production of aurei decreased, and the weight fell to  of a  Roman pound (6.5 g) by the time of Caracalla (r. 211–217). During the 3rd century, gold pieces were introduced in a variety of fractions and multiples, making it hard to determine the intended denomination of a gold coin.
During Gallienus's reign, the purity was briefly reduced to 94%, and a small amount of coins were minted with as low as 80% purity. This was reset back to 99% by the next emperor.

The solidus was first introduced by Diocletian (r. 284–305) around 301 AD, struck at 60 to the Roman pound of pure gold (and thus weighing about 5.45 g each) and with an initial value equal to 1,000 denarii.
However, Diocletian's solidus was struck only in small quantities, and thus had only minimal economic effect, although its stable weight brought an end to the instability that had existed for a while. Since only one document of Diocletian's time uses this word to describe the coin, numismatists usually reserve the name "solidus" for the coin that was introduced later by Constantine the Great.

When the solidus was reintroduced by Constantine I (r. 306–337) in 312 AD, permanently replacing the aureus as the gold coin of the Roman Empire, it was struck at a rate of 72 to a Roman pound of pure gold, each coin weighing twenty-four Greco-Roman carats, or about 4.5 grams of gold per coin. By this time, the solidus was worth 275,000 of the increasingly debased denarii.

However, regardless of the size or weight of the aureus, the coin's purity was little affected. Analysis of the Roman aureus shows the purity level usually to have been near to 24 karat gold, so in excess of 99% pure.

Due to runaway inflation caused by the Roman government's issuing base-metal coinage but refusing to accept anything other than silver or gold for tax payments, the value of the gold aureus in relation to the denarius grew drastically. Inflation was also affected by the systematic debasement of the silver denarius, which by the mid-3rd century had practically no silver left in it.

In 301, one gold aureus was worth 833⅓ denarii; by 324, the same aureus was worth 4,350 denarii. In 337, after Constantine converted to the solidus, one solidus was worth 275,000 denarii and finally, by 356, one solidus was worth 4,600,000 denarii.

Today, the aureus is highly sought after by collectors because of its purity and value, as well its historical interest. An aureus is usually much more expensive than a denarius issued by the same emperor. For instance, in one auction, an aureus of Trajan (r. 98–117) sold for $15,000, and a silver coin of the same emperor sold for $100. The most expensive aureus ever sold was one issued in 42 BC by Marcus Junius Brutus, the assassin of Gaius Julius Caesar, which had a price realized of $3.5 million in November 2020. (There is an example of this coin on permanent display at the British Museum in London.) An aureus, issued by the emperor Alexander Severus (r. 222–235), has a picture of the Colosseum on the reverse, and had a price realized of $920,000 in 2008. An aureus with the face of Allectus was auctioned off in the United Kingdom for £552,000 in June 2019.

See also

Roman currency
Coinage reform of Augustus

References

External links

Online numismatic exhibit: "This round gold is but the image of the rounder globe" (H. Melville). The charm of gold in ancient coinage

Coins of ancient Rome
Gold coins

Aureus


Plattengraben ist der Name folgender Fließgewässer:

 Plattengraben (Albertsbach), rechter Zufluss des Albertsbachs im Gemeindegebiet von Kreuth, Landkreis Miesbach, Bayern
 Plattengraben (Einödbach), linker Oberlauf des Einödbachs (zum Inn) bis vor Einöden, Gemeinde Flintsbach am Inn, Landkreis Rosenheim, Bayern
 Plattengraben (Haggraben), rechter Zufluss des Haggrabens nahe Dettingen am Main, Gemeinde Karlstein am Main, Landkreis Aschaffenburg, Bayern
 Plattengraben (Hirschgraben), rechter Zufluss des Hirschgrabens (zum Aschauer Bach, zur Saalach) im Gemeindegebiet von Schneizlreuth, Landkreis Berchtesgadener Land, Bayern
 Plattengraben (Katzenbach), linker Zufluss des Katzenbachs (zum Kanzelbach) im Stadtgebiet von Schriesheim,  Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg
 Plattengraben (Mühlbach), rechter Zufluss des Mühlbachs (rechter Oberlauf des Flötzbachs, zum Fallbach, zur Haidenaab) vor der Hölzlmühle, Gemeinde Immenreuth, Landkreis Tirschenreuth, Bayern
 Plattengraben (Potaschengraben), linker Zufluss des Potaschengrabens (zum Mannbach, zur Lobbach) nahe Lobbach, Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg
 Plattengraben (Schwarzenbach), linker Zufluss des Schwarzenbachs (zur Isar) im Gemeindegebiet von Lenggries, Landkreis Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen, Bayern

Siehe auch:
 Plattenbach

Plattengraben


Swamimalai (Tamil:   []) ist ein Ort im indischen Bundesstaat Tamil Nadu mit rund 7.300 Einwohnern (Volkszählung 2011). Swamimalai ist ein wichtiger Wallfahrtsort des in Tamil Nadu populären Hindu-Gottes Murugan.

Geografie

Swamimalai liegt im Kaveri-Delta im Distrikt Thanjavur in Zentral-Tamil-Nadu in unmittelbarer Nachbarschaft der Stadt Kumbakonam am nördlichen Ufer des Kaveri-Flusses. Die Entfernung ins Zentrum von Kumbakonam beträgt acht Kilometer, in die Distrikthauptstadt Thanjavur sind es 35 Kilometer.

Durch Swamimalai führt die Straße von Kumbakonam nach Tiruvaiyaru (State Highway 22). Vom nahegelegenen Kumbakonam aus bestehen zahlreiche Verkehrsverbindungen in andere Städte Tamil Nadus. Swamimalai verfügt außerdem über einen eigenen Bahnhof an der Bahnstrecke von Mayiladuthurai über Thanjavur nach Tiruchirappalli. Dieser befindet sich in rund zwei Kilometer Entfernung auf der anderen Flussseite.

Bevölkerung
76 Prozent der Einwohner Swamimalais sind Hindus, 23 Prozent sind Muslime und 1 Prozent Christen. Die Hauptsprache ist, wie in ganz Tamil Nadu, das Tamil, das von 99 Prozent der Bevölkerung als Muttersprache gesprochen wird.

Religiöse Bedeutung

In Swamimalai befindet sich der Swaminathaswami-Tempel, ein wichtiges Heiligtum des Hindu-Gottes Murugan (Skanda). Während dieser Gott in der Glaubenspraxis Nordindiens praktisch keine Rolle spielt, gehört er unter dem Namen Murugan unter den Tamilen zu den populärsten Gottheiten. Wie viele Murugan-Tempel ist der Tempel von Swamimalai auf einem Hügel errichtet. Im Falle Swamimalais handelt es sich um einen kleinen künstlichen Hügel, auf den 60 Treppenstufen führen.

Swamimalai ist einer von sechs Wallfahrtsorten (Arupadaividu) in Tamil Nadu, die Murugan geweiht sind. Die sechs Wallfahrtsorte werden mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Aspekten der Mythologie Murugans assoziiert. Swamimalai ist dem Mythos nach der Ort, an dem Murugan seinem Vater Shiva die Bedeutung der heiligen Silbe Om lehrte. Daher wird Murugan hier als Guru seines Vaters unter dem Namen Swaminatha ("der Herr Gottes") verehrt. Der Name Swamimalai bedeutet "der Berg Gottes".

Bronzeguss
Swamimalai ist ein Zentrum der traditionellen Bronzeskulptur. Die Kunst des Bronzegusses in der Technik der verlorenen Form wird seit der Chola-Epoche (9. bis 13. Jahrhundert) praktiziert und in Swamimalai bis heute nach den traditionellen Methoden betrieben. Angeblich sollen die Kunsthandwerker von Swamimalai bereits zu Zeiten des Chola-Königs Rajaraja I. bei der Ausschmückung des Brihadisvara-Tempels von Thanjavur mitgewirkt haben. Heute stellen sie bronzene Prozessionsbilder für Tempelgründungen in Indien und Übersee her.

Weblinks

 Swamimalai auf murugan.org

Einzelnachweise

Ort in Tamil Nadu
Hinduistischer Wallfahrtsort
Town Panchayat in Tamil Nadu
Distrikt Thanjavur

Swamimalai


Adenoglossa, monotipski biljni rod iz porodice glavočika, smješten u subtribus Athanasiinae, dio tribusa Anthemideae. Jedina vrsta je jednogodišnja raslinja  A. decurrens, endem iz Južnoafričke Republike

Sinonimi
 Chrysanthemum decurrens Hutch.

Izvori

Athanasiinae

Adenoglossa


This is a list of cities in Malta. By the usual standards that most other countries use when designating a city, Malta's cities would be too small to be considered such, and in fact Malta is sometimes regarded as a single city-state. Malta's cities are regarded as such because they received the designation of "città" at some point during their history. In Maltese law, no distinction is made between cities, towns, and villages; and city status is purely honorary and colloquial. Malta is divided into 68 local councils. The local councils which formerly had city status all feature a mural crown on the crest of their coat of arms. The table shows historical cities:

See also
Local councils of Malta
List of mayors of Malta
List of localities in Malta
Local councils of Malta

References

Malta, List of cities in

Cities

List of cities in Malta


Thomas Gustav Winner () a fost un cercetător american specializat în studii slavice și semiotică.

La Universitatea Brown, a înființat primul centru de semiotică american.

De asemenea, este recunoscut ca specialist în tot ceea ce înseamnă viața și opera lui Cehov și un susținător al școlii de semiotică Tartu-Moscova.

Note

Nașteri în 1917
Decese în 2004
Praghezi
Slaviști
Pages with unreviewed translations

Thomas G. Winner


Weber Almeida (Cuiabá, 1 de dezembro de 1987) é um lutador brasileiro profissional de MMA, atualmente no Bellator. Apelidado de "The Silverback", tem um cartel que conta com 7 vitórias e 1 derrota, notabilizando-se pela alta porcentagem de vitórias por nocaute.

História
Natural de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil, Weber começou nas artes marciais aos 6 anos, quando seu pai o matriculou em uma academia de caratê  em sua cidade natal.

Aos 11 anos, Weber pediu um carro de controle remoto de presente para seu pai, mas recebeu um teclado musical no lugar. Para não decepcionar seu pai, Weber começou a fazer parte do projeto "Flauta Mágica", na expectativa de aprender música e conseguir aproveitar o presente. Acabou se apaixonando pela música, por muito tempo, conciliando a carreira musical com o sonho de se tornar um lutador profissional.

Só aos 27 anos, Weber decidiu que dedicaria, de forma integral, seu tempo à carreira no MMA. Desde então, esteve em países como China e Inglaterra, antes de ser contratado pelo Bellator e se mudar para Los Angeles, cidade em que treina junto ao Machida Team, equipe do lutador Lyoto Machida.

Carreira
Weber estreou no MMA em 2015, no Brutality MMA, em evento realizado em Cuiabá. Venceu sua primeira luta por nocaute no primeiro round sobre Bruno Senna. No mesmo ano, voltou ao ringue no Coliseum Radical Fight, vencendo José Carlos "Jacaré" por nocaute no segundo round.

Depois de um longo período sem lutar, Weber voltou a competir pelo Bellator, em 2019, com mais uma vitória, sobre Odan Ruiz, em nocaute no primeiro round.

Desde então, foram mais 5 lutas no Bellator, com 4 vitórias (3 nocautes e uma decisão dividida) e 1 derrota (decisão dividida).

Referências

 https://www.espn.com.br/mma/artigo/_/id/6107966/weber-almeida-destaca-aprendizado-com-lyoto-machida-antes-do-bellator-228 ESPN, consultado em 25/11/2022.
 https://www.sherdog.com/fighter/Weber-Almeida-203557 Sherdog, consultado em 25/11/2022.
 https://www.lance.com.br/mais-esportes/de-musicista-a-lutador-de-mma-weber-almeida-entra-no-ringue-do-bellator-neste-fim-de-semana.html Lance!, consultado em 25/11/2022.
 https://www.espn.com.br/mma/lutador/_/id/4782650/weber-almeida ESPN, consultado em 25/11/2022.
 https://www.superlutas.com.br/lutador/?link=Weber-Almeida-203557 Superlutas, consultado em 25/11/2022.
 https://www.bellator.com/fighter/1803 Bellator, consultado em 25/11/2022.

Weber Almeida


O Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol de 2022 correspondeu à 106.ª edição da divisão principal do campeonato estadual do Amazonas, cujo nome oficial foi Barezão 2022. O campeonato teve doze clubes, três clubes a mais comparado à edição anterior e quatro clubes a mais comparado à edição de 2020, por conta da ausência de rebaixamento nessas duas edições (que voltou a estar previsto nesta temporada, obrigando os clubes que ficaram entre 9º a 12º colocados na primeira fase a disputar a Série B de 2023), em decorrência das implicações financeiras acarretadas pela Pandemia de Covid-19 aos clubes amazonenses. A competição se iniciou em 26 de janeiro, com final realizada na data de 2 de abril, e além de apontar o campeão maior do futebol amazonense na temporada de 2022, serviu para indicar os representantes do estado na edição de 2023 da Copa do Brasil de Futebol, da Copa Verde de Futebol e também do Campeonato Brasileiro de Futebol - Série D.

O certame também marcou o retorno do público aos estádios amazonenses nas partidas da principal competição estadual de futebol, a partir da 9ª rodada da Primeira Fase, graças ao Decreto Estadual nº 45.225, de 21 de Fevereiro de 2022, assinado pelo Governador do Estado do Amazonas, Wilson Lima, publicado no Diário Oficial do Estado do Amazonas de mesma data, após duas edições do Campeonato Amazonense de jogos realizados sob portões fechados, devido ao enfrentamento da Pandemia de COVID-19. A medida governamental considerou a queda nos indicadores da pandemia no Estado do Amazonas (casos, óbitos, internações e ocupação de leitos hospitalares clínicos e de UTI), bem como o avanço da vacinação contra a doença na capital e no interior do Estado.

Regulamento

Formato de Disputa

O torneio adotou um sistema misto, contando com fase regular e fase final, assim como ocorrido na edição anterior, com a diferença de que nesta edição, após duas temporadas, o regulamento voltou a prever o rebaixamento para a Segunda Divisão da temporada seguinte:

 Fase Regular
Os doze clubes participantes jogaram em turno único, todos contra todos. Ao final, os oito melhores classificados se classificaram para as fases finais, enquanto o restante dos clubes (9º ao 12º colocados) foram rebaixados para a Série B de 2023. Em caso de empate no número de pontos nesta fase, os critérios de desempate eram os seguintes:

 1º) maior número de vitórias;
 2º) maior saldo de gols;
 3º) maior número de gols pró;
 4º) confronto direto (na primeira fase);
 5º) sorteio.

 Fases Finais
Os oito clubes qualificados disputaram as fases finais, em forma eliminatória com jogos de ida e volta, respeitado o cruzamento olímpico (1º x 8º; 2º x 7º; 3º x 6º e 4º x 5º) cabendo o mando de campo da partida de volta (exceto no caso das semifinais, em que o mando de campo da partida de volta foi do clube posicionado à esquerda da tabela do campeonato) e a vantagem de jogar por dois empates ou por empate no placar agregado ao clube melhor classificado na primeira fase da competição. O chaveamento até a final do campeonato foi definido pela Diretoria de Competições da FAF em comum acordo com os clubes.

 Rebaixamentos
Após duas temporadas seguidas sem rebaixamento no Campeonato Amazonense, em decorrência das implicações financeiras acarretadas pela Pandemia de COVID-19 aos clubes amazonenses, o regulamento atual voltou a prever o descenso de clubes à Segunda Divisão da temporada seguinte. Nesta edição, os clubes rebaixados corresponderam do 9º ao 12º colocados na primeira fase do torneio.

 Classificação geral
Conforme o regulamento da competição, a classificação geral do campeonato foi composta pelo campeão, pelo vice, pelos clubes eliminados na fase semifinal (o clube que figurou na terceira colocação, dentre os eliminados na fase semifinal, foi o melhor classificado na primeira fase da competição) e pelos clubes posicionados de 5º a 12º colocados de acordo com seus respectivos desempenhos na primeira fase da competição. O campeão e o vice, em regra, corresponderam aos representantes amazonenses na Copa do Brasil de 2023, na Série D de 2023 e na Copa Verde de 2023, exceto se, dentre o campeão e o vice, houvesse pelo menos um clube classificado para qualquer uma destas competições por outros critérios ou que figurasse em uma divisão superior à Série D no Campeonato Brasileiro, hipótese esta em que a vaga ou as vagas remanescentes, em qualquer uma destas competições, seria ocupada a partir do terceiro colocado na classificação geral, sucessivamente.

Retorno do público aos estádios amazonenses

Após duas edições do Campeonato Amazonense e oito rodadas da presente edição com jogos realizados com portões fechados, devido ao enfrentamento da Pandemia de COVID-19, esta edição marcou o retorno do público aos estádios amazonenses nas partidas da principal competição estadual de futebol, a partir da 9ª rodada da Primeira Fase, graças ao Decreto Estadual nº 45.225, de 21 de Fevereiro de 2022, assinado pelo Governador do Estado do Amazonas, Wilson Lima, publicado no Diário Oficial do Estado do Amazonas de mesma data. A medida governamental considerou a queda nos indicadores da pandemia no Estado do Amazonas (casos, óbitos, internações e ocupação de leitos hospitalares clínicos e de UTI), bem como o avanço da vacinação contra a doença na capital e no interior do Estado. A princípio, 30 % da capacidade das praças esportivas do Amazonas estiveram liberados para a presença de público, limite este que no decorrer da competição, foi liberado para 100 % da capacidade total das praças esportivas utilizadas na disputa.

A disputa do Barezão de 2022

Equipes participantes
Sem rebaixamentos nas edições de 2020 e 2021, devido às decisões tomadas em comum acordo entre os clubes participantes destas edições e a Federação Amazonense de Futebol para que não houvesse rebaixamento no Campeonato Amazonense, o que vinha ocorrendo desde a edição de 2020, o Campeonato Amazonense desta edição, desta forma, teve 12 clubes participantes. A edição marcou o retorno do Operário, que não disputava a primeira divisão desde o ano de 2015, bem como também o retorno do , que desistiu de disputar a edição anterior, mas que por conta do regulamento da edição anterior não prever rebaixamentos e possibilitar a desistência, tornando a disputa dessa forma opcional, teve o seu direito de participar desta edição assegurado. Houve também a estreia na primeira divisão do , clube fundado em 30 de novembro de 2020 e que com menos de um ano de fundação, conseguiu o acesso à divisão principal do Campeonato Amazonense, bem como o título da  Série B de 2021.

A edição de 2022 do Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol também guardou alguns fatos curiosos, dado o elevado número de participantes:

 Em 2022 pela primeira vez em sua fase profissional (que ocorre desde o ano de 1964), o Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol contou com 12 clubes participantes. Antes o maior número de participantes era o de 10 clubes.
 Pela primeira vez na história dois municípios do interior contaram com mais de um representante: Itacoatiara, representada pelo  e pelo  e Manacapuru, representada pelo  e pelo .
 Pela primeira vez na história, o interior foi representado por cinco clubes, um recorde na história do torneio.

Promovidos e rebaixados

Primeira Fase

Fase final
 Em itálico, as equipes que jogam pelo empate no placar agregado e com mando de campo na partida de volta por terem conseguido melhor campanha na Primeira Fase e em negrito os times classificados à etapa seguinte.

Premiação

Artilharia

Técnicos

Classificação Geral

Observação: conforme o §1º do Artigo 11 do Regulamento Específico do Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol Profissional Série A 2022, os clubes de 3º a 4º colocados da competição serão definidos, dentre os clubes que forem eliminados na fase semifinal, conforme seus desempenhos durante a Primeira Fase; e os clubes de 5º a 12º colocados da competição serão definidos conforme seus desempenhos durante a Primeira Fase.

Campeonato Amazonense de Futebol
Futebol de 2022 no Amazonas


Francisco Javier Chavolla Ramos (Autlán de la Grana, 3 de junho de 1946) é um clérigo mexicano e arcebispo católico romano emérito de Toluca.

Francisco Javier Chavolla Ramos foi ordenado sacerdote pela Diocese de Tijuana em 10 de dezembro de 1972.

O Papa João Paulo II o nomeou Bispo de Matamoros em 1º de junho de 1991. A consagração episcopal foi pelo núncio apostólico no México, Girolamo Prigione, em 16 de julho do mesmo ano; Os co-consagrantes foram Adolfo Antonio Suárez Rivera, Arcebispo de Monterrey, e Emilio Carlos Berlie Belaunzarán, Bispo de Tijuana.

Foi nomeado bispo de Toluca em 27 de dezembro de 2003 e empossado em 12 de fevereiro do ano seguinte. Com a elevação da diocese de Toluca a arcebispado em 28 de setembro de 2019 pelo Papa Francisco, ele foi nomeado seu primeiro arcebispo. A posse como Metropolitana ocorreu em 18 de novembro do mesmo ano.

Em 19 de março de 2022, o Papa Francisco aceitou sua aposentadoria por motivos de idade.

Ver também

Arcebispos católicos do México

Francisco Javier Chavolla Ramos


Der Arroyo del Pedregal ist ein Fluss in Uruguay.

Er entspringt am Westrand von Juan José Castro. Von dort verläuft er auf dem Gebiet des Departamento Flores in zunächst nordwestliche Richtung und unterquert dabei die Ruta 14. Sodann ändert er seine Fließrichtung nach Norden. Er mündet schließlich als rechtsseitiger Nebenfluss nordwestlich von Juan José Castro und nordöstlich von Trinidad in den Arroyo Porongos.

Einzelnachweise

Fluss im Departamento Flores

Arroyo del Pedregal


Petar Turković (Zagreb, 1. studenoga 1957.), hrvatski je klinički psiholog, psihoterapeut, društveni poduzetnik, majstor borilačkih vještina i sportski djelatnik. Bio je dugogodišnji ravnatelj Centra za odgoj i obrazovanje "Vinko Bek" i dopredsjednik Hrvatskog olimpijskog odbora. Aktualni je direktor Hrvatskog nanbudo saveza i Hrvatskog wushu saveza te glavni tajnik Međunarodne nanbudo federacije i Europske wushu federacije.

Obitelj i obrazovanje
Turković se rodio u Zagrebu 1957. godine te potječe iz barunske obitelji Turković Kutjevski. Njegov šukundjed Vjenceslav je u drugoj polovici 19. stoljeća uspješno poslovao u Karlovcu kao trgovac drvom i žitaricama. Nadalje on je unaprijedio naslijeđeno brodogradilište u Kraljevici te kupio gospodarsko dobro Kutjevo 1882. godine. Pradjed barun Petar Dragan bio je jedan od osnivača i predsjednik Hrvatske eskomptne banke te osnivač i predsjednik Zagrebačke pivovare. Također, bio je veliki župan Zagrebačke županije. Drugi pradjed Josip vitez Gorup pl. Slavinjski bio je slovenski industrijalac, političar i mecena.

Turković je diplomirao kliničku psihologiju na Sveučilištu u Zagrebu 1981. godine, a postdiplomski stupanj stekao je 1994. godine u području psihoterapije. Pored toga, usavršavao se u području organizacijske psihologije i kibernetike. Jedan je od prvih certificiranih učitelja Škole kibernetike psihoterapije pri Katedri za psihijatriju KBC Zagreb.

Oženjen je i otac dvije kćeri; Nika (rođena 1995.) i Kiara (rođena 1999.). Kantautorica Nika je objavila dva samostalna glazbena albuma do 2023. godine, a predstavljala je i Hrvatsku na Dječjoj pjesmi Eurovizije 2004. godine. Kiara je diplomirala medicinu i bavi se nanbudom; na Svjetskom nanbudo prvenstvu 2022. godine osvojila je zlatnu medalju u disciplini kate.

Profesionalna karijera
Nakon završetka studija psihologije Turković je započeo svoju karijeru kao psihoterapeut u domovima zdravlja u Velikoj Gorici i Zagrebu, gdje je radio do 1990. godine. Nakon toga, proveo je dvije godine radeći u odjelu ljudskih resursa u Chromosu, poduzeću za proizvodnju boja i lakova.

Od 1992. do 2005. godine Turković je bio ravnatelj Centra za odgoj i obrazovanje "Vinko Bek". Godine 1992. pokrenuo je projekt "Vid Nade" te je prvotno bio direktor, a kasnije i predsjednik upravnog vijeća. Projekt je uključivao osnivanje institucije socijalne skrbi "Mala Kuća" za djecu s višestrukim teškoćama i oštećenjem vida. Danas se ta institucija razvila u Dnevni centar za rehabilitaciju djece i mladeži "Mali Dom". Turković je ovaj centar vodio sve do 2005. godine.

Godine 1997. Turković je odlikovan Spomenicom domovinskog rata. Dvije godine kasnije postao je savjetnik Stjepana Mesića te suvoditelj kreativnog i strateškog dijela kampanje za predsjedničke izbore 2000. godine. Zahvaljujući uspješnoj kampanji Mesić je pobijedio na izborima i postao drugi hrvatski predsjednik. Turković je također dugi niz godina sudjelovao kao facilitator na konferencijama organiziranim od strane švedske zaklade Tällberg.

Godine 1999. Turković se pridružuje kao osnivač i ravnatelj Zaklade 2020, trustu mozgova koji se bavi kreiranjem vizije hrvatskog društva u budućnosti. U prvim godinama rada Zaklade, Turković je vodio projekt "Kreacija Kroacije 2010" koji se bavio strateškim planiranjem hrvatske budućnosti. Kao dio ovog projekta 2004. godine je na Brijunima organizirao međunarodnu konferenciju pod nazivom "Kako možemo vjerovati jedni drugima" na kojoj su sudjelovali državnici poput hrvatskog predsjednika Mesića, predsjednika Slovenije Janeza Drnovšeka, predsjednika Predsjedništva Bosne i Hercegovine Sulejmana Tihića i predsjednika Crne Gore Filipa Vujanovića. Godine 2006. Turković je organizirao još jednu konferenciju na Plitvičkim jezerima pod nazivom "Kako hrvatsko gospodarstvo može doprinijeti Europskoj uniji". Zakladu 2020 je kao ravnatelj vodio sve do 2016. godine, a tijekom tog razdoblja nastojao je ostvariti viziju društva utemeljenu na zajedničkom radu i inovacijama.

Godine 2004. tužiteljstvo je optužilo Srećka Ferenčaka i Turkovića za zlouporabu položaja i ovlasti te pribavljanje protupravne koristi pri kupoprodaji građevinskog zemljišta u Zagrebu. Nakon višegodišnjeg sudskog procesa Županijski sud u Zagrebu je odbacio optužbe 2017. godine. Dvije godine kasnije, Vrhovni sud Republike Hrvatske je donio pravomoćnu oslobađajuću presudu.

Karijera u sportu

Borilački sportovi

Turković je započelo svoj put u borilačkim sportovima 1971. godine kada se počeo baviti karateom. Nakon pet godina, postigao je izniman uspjeh osvojivši juniorsko prvenstvo SR Hrvatske. Nositelj je crnog pojasa 3. Dan. Nakon karatea, osobito se posvetio razvoju i promicanju borilačkih sportova nanbudo i wushu.

Nanbudo
Turković je 1978. godine u Zagrebu osnovao Nanbudo klub "Gradec" nazvan po istoimenom starom dijelu Zagreba. Bio je to prvi klub nanbudo sporta u Hrvatskoj. S klubom je 1985. godine organizirao prvi međunarodni nanbudo seminar u Hrvatskoj koji će se nastaviti organizirati svake godine. Također, ponio je najvišu titulu u ovom sportu, crveni pojas 8. Dan. Natjecao se i na prvom svjetskom nanbudo prvenstvu u Monte Carlu 1987. godine te se tom prilikom oprostio od natjecateljske karijere.

Nakon osnivanja još dva nanbudo kluba u Hrvatskoj stekli su se uvjeti za osnivanje nacionalnog saveza 1989. godine. Nacionalni savez prvotno je nosio naziv Jugoslavenski nanbudo institut, a nakon hrvatske neovisnosti postao je Hrvatski nanbudo institut te kasnije Hrvatski nanbudo savez. Kao jedan od osnivača nacionalnog saveza Turković je izabran na mjesto tehničkog direktora. Hrvatski savez je te 1991. godine postao i član Svjetske nanbudo federacije (eng. World Nanbudo Federation). Tako je Turković vodio hrvatske reprezentativce koji su kao prvi hrvatski sportaši pod hrvatskom zastavom i imenom nastupali na svjetskom prvenstvu u Barceloni 1991. godine i osvojili tri zlatne i jednu srebrnu medalju.

Turkovićev doprinos razvoju nanbudo sporta proširio se i na međunarodnu razinu. Godine 1998. izabran je za glavnog tajnika Svjetske nanbudo federacije gdje je služio do 2003. godine. Godine 2010. sudjelovao je u osnivanju Međunarodne nanbudo federacije (eng. International Nanbudo Federation) te je izabran za njenog glavnog tajnika.

Turković je objavio i dvije knjige o ovom sportu.

Wushu
Turković je 2008. godine bio jedan od osnivača Hrvatskog wushu saveza i imenovan je izvršnim direktorom saveza. U okviru saveza, uspješno je vodio dva projekta koji su bili financirani od strane europskog Erasmus programa.

Godine 2013. sudjelovao je u osnivanju Balkanske wushu federacije te je na konstituirajućoj sjednici u Istanbulu izabran za njenog dopredsjednika. Sudjelovao je i u osnivanju Europske wushu federacije (eng. European Wushu Federation) 2020. godine te je izabran za glavnog tajnika federacije.

U lipnju 2023. godine dolazi do formiranja nove europske federacije za wushu i kungfu, Wushu i kungfu federacija Europe (Wushu Kung-fu Federation of Europe), koja nastaje spajanjem Europske wushu federacije i Europske wushu i kungfu federacije (European Wushu And Kungfu Federation). Turković je izabran za glavnog tajnika nove europske federacije.

Drugo

Turković se osim u borilačkim sportovima okušao i u kartingu te je osvojio nekoliko titula. Bio je dvostruki hrvatski seniorski prvak u kartingu osvojivši titule 1981. i 1982. godine te je bio doprvak 1995. godine.

Turković je od 21. listopada 2000. do 3. listopada 2002. godine bio dopredsjednik Hrvatskog olimpijskog odbora (HOO). Na XIX. Zimskim olimpijskim igrama u Salt Lake Cityju 2002. godine sudjelovao je kao član vodstva hrvatske delegacije.

Godine 2000. hrvatski predsjednik Stjepan Mesić imenovao je Turkovića voditeljem skupine za izradu prijedloga strategije hrvatskog sporta, zajedno s drugim uglednim stručnjacima poput Andrije Mijačike, Željka Mataje i Mihovila Nakića.

Turković je također jedan od suosnivača asocijacije međunarodnih sportskih federacija pod nazivom "SportREcognized" koja je osnovana 2015. godine te u kojoj obnaša dužnost dopredsjednika.

Bibliografija
 Centar "Vinko Bek": 1895–1995. (urednik Petar Turković), Zagreb, 1997.
 Uvod u nanbudo: vještina, šport, zdrav stil života, Zagreb, 1997.
 Nanbudo: 40 godina Nanbudo kluba Gradec i nanbudo sporta u Hrvatskoj, Zagreb, 2018.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Turković Petar, 40 years of nanbudo (1978–2018): Platform for sustainable future
 Petar Turkovic na prabook.com

Životopisi, Zagreb
Turkovići Kutjevski
Hrvatski psiholozi
Hrvatski majstori borilačkih vještina
Hrvatski karatisti
Hrvatski baruni

Petar Turković


Josip Alačević (Makarska, 1826. – Zadar, 7. ožujka 1904.), hrvatski arheolog, povjesničar i konzervator.

Životopis
Bio je sudac u Imotskom, Kninu, Zadru i dr., a od 1873. do 1887. savjetnik pokrajinskog suda u Splitu. Od 1878. do 1887. bio je konzervator starina za arhive splitskog okruga, a nakon premještaja u Zadar 1887. do 1904. zadarskog okruga. Zajedno s Mihovilom Glavinićem 1887. pokrenuo je časopis Bullettino di archeologia e storia dalmata. Zajedno s braćom Böttner u Zadru je 1901. osnovao povijesno-arhivski tromjesečnik Tabularium, a u Dubrovniku je zajedno s Josipom Gelčićem izdavao zbirku Biblioteca storica della Dalmazia. U svojim radovima obrađivao je rimsku arheologiju i topografiju te srednjovjekovnu dalmatinsku povijest, a njegov glavni prinos je objavljivanje velike arhivske građe.

Djela
 Splitski nadbiskup – Stjepan Cupilli (Stefano Cupilli arcivescovo di Spalato, 1886.)

Izvori

Hrvatski arheolozi
Hrvatski povjesničari
Hrvatski konzervatori
Životopisi, Makarska
Životopisi, Zadar

Josip Alačević


Preah Khan (; "Royal Sword") is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia, built in the 12th century for King Jayavarman VII to honor his father. It is located northeast of Angkor Thom and just west of the Jayatataka baray, with which it was associated. It was the centre of a substantial organisation, with almost 100,000 officials and servants. The temple is flat in design, with a basic plan of successive rectangular galleries around a Buddhist sanctuary complicated by Hindu satellite temples and numerous later additions. Like the nearby Ta Prohm, Preah Khan has been left largely unrestored, with numerous trees and other vegetation growing among the ruins.

History
Preah Khan was built on the site of Jayavarman VII's victory over the invading Chams in 1191. Unusually the modern name, meaning "holy sword", is derived from the meaning of the original—Nagara Jayasri (holy city of victory).   The site may previously have been occupied by the royal palaces of Yasovarman II and Tribhuvanadityavarman.  The temple's foundation stela has provided considerable information about the history and administration of the site: the main image, of the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara in the form of the king's father, was dedicated in 1191 (the king's mother had earlier been commemorated in the same way at Ta Prohm). 430 other deities also had shrines on the site, each of which received an allotment of food, clothing, perfume and even mosquito nets; the wealth and treasure of this ruin includes gold, silver, gems, 112,300 pearls and a cow with gilded horns.  The institution combined the roles of city, temple and Buddhist university: there were 97,840 attendants and servants, including 1000 dancers and 1000 teachers.

The temple is still largely unrestored: the initial clearing was from 1927 to 1932, and partial anastylosis was carried out in 1939. Since then free-standing statues have been removed for safe-keeping, and there has been further consolidation and restoration work. Throughout, the conservators have attempted to balance restoration and maintenance of the wild condition in which the temple was discovered: one of them, Maurice Glaize, wrote that;
The temple was previously overrun with a particularly voracious vegetation and quite ruined, presenting only chaos. Clearing works were undertaken with a constant respect for the large trees which give the composition a pleasing presentation without constituting any immediate danger. At the same time, some partial anastylosis has revived various buildings found in a sufficient state of preservation and presenting some special interest in their architecture or decoration.
Since 1991, the site has been maintained by the World Monuments Fund. It has continued the cautious approach to restoration, believing that to go further would involve too much guesswork, and prefers to respect the ruined nature of the temple. One of its former employees has said, "We're basically running a glorified maintenance program. We're not prepared to falsify history". It has therefore limited itself primarily to stabilisation work on the fourth eastern gopura, the House of Fire and the Hall of Dancers.

The site

The outer wall of Preah Khan is of laterite, and bears 72 garudas holding nagas, at 50 m intervals. Surrounded by a moat, it measures 800 by 700 m and encloses an area of . To the east of Preah Khan is a landing stage on the edge of the Jayatataka baray, which measures . This also allowed access to the temple of Neak Pean in the centre of the baray. Once dried up, the Jayatataka baray is now filled with water again, as at the end of each rainy season, all excess water in the area is diverted into it.

As usual Preah Khan is oriented toward the east, so this was the main entrance, but there are others at each of the cardinal points. Each entrance has a causeway over the moat with nāga-carrying devas and asuras similar to those at Angkor Thom; Glaize considered this an indication that the city element of Preah Khan was more significant than those of Ta Prohm or Banteay Kdei.

Halfway along the path leading to the third enclosure, on the north side, is a House of Fire (or Dharmasala) similar to Ta Prohm's. The remainder of the fourth enclosure, now forested, was originally occupied by the city; as this was built of perishable materials it has not survived. The third enclosure wall is . In front of the third gopura is a cruciform terrace. The gopura itself is on a large scale, with three towers in the centre and two flanking pavilions. Between the southern two towers were two celebrated silk-cotton trees, of which Glaize wrote, "resting on the vault itself of the gallery, [they] frame its openings and brace the stones in substitute for pillars in a caprice of nature that is as fantastic as it is perilous."  One of the trees is now dead, although the roots have been left in place. The trees may need to be removed to prevent their damaging the structure. On the far side of the temple, the third western gopura has pediments of a chess game and the Battle of Lanka, and two guardian dvarapalas to the west.

West of the third eastern gopura, on the main axis is a Hall of Dancers. The walls are decorated with apsaras; Buddha images in niches above them were systematically destroyed during the reign Jayavarman VIII. North of the Hall of Dancers is a two-storeyed structure with round columns. No other examples of this form survive at Angkor, although there are traces of similar buildings at Ta Prohm and Banteay Kdei. Freeman and Jacques speculate that this may have been a granary.  Occupying the rest of the third enclosure are ponds (now dry) in each corner, and satellite temples to the north, south and west. While the main temple was Buddhist, these three are dedicated to Shiva, previous kings and queens, and Vishnu respectively. They are notable chiefly for their pediments: on the northern temple, Vishnu reclining to the west and the Hindu trinity of Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma to the east; on the western temple, Krishna raising Mount Govardhana to the west.

Connecting the Hall of Dancers and the wall of the second enclosure is a courtyard containing two libraries. The second eastern gopura projects into this courtyard; it is one of the few Angkorian gopuras with significant internal decoration, with garudas on the corners of the cornices. Buddha images on the columns were changed into hermits under Jayavarman VIII.

Between the second enclosure wall () and the first enclosure wall () on the eastern side is a row of later additions which impede access and hide some of the original decoration. The first enclosure is, as Glaize said, similarly, "choked with more or less ruined buildings". The enclosure is divided into four parts by a cruciform gallery, each part almost filled by these later irregular additions. The walls of this gallery, and the interior of the central sanctuary, are covered with holes for the fixing of bronze plates which would originally have covered them and the outside of the sanctuary—1500 tonnes was used to decorate the whole temple.   At the centre of the temple, in place of the original statue of Lokesvara, is a stupa built several centuries after the temple's initial construction.

Microbial degradation

Microbial biofilms have been found degrading sandstone at Angkor Wat, Preah Khan, and the Bayon and West Prasat in Angkor. The dehydration and radiation resistant filamentous cyanobacteria can produce organic acids that degrade the stone. A dark filamentous fungus was found in internal and external Preah Khan samples, while the alga Trentepohlia was found only in samples taken from external, pink-stained stone at Preah Khan.

Photo gallery

Notes

 Glaize, The Monuments of the Angkor Group p. 173 quoting Coedès.
 Freeman and Jacques,  Ancient Angkor p. 170.
 Higham, The Civilization of Angkor p. 128.
 Higham p. 129.
 Glaize p. 175.
 Freeman and Jacques p. 170.
 Glaize p. 175.
 John Sanday, quoted by Denis D. Gray in Nations' trials meant to prevent errors during restoration of Angkor
 World Monuments Fund, World Monuments Fund at Angkor
 Glaize p. 173.
 Glaize p. 177.
 Gunther, Preah Khan
 Freeman and Jacques p. 174.
 Glaize p. 179.
 Glaize p. 178.
Freeman and Jacques p. 176.

References

Freeman, Michael and Jacques, Claude (1999).  Ancient Angkor. River Books. .
Glaize, Maurice (2003 edition of an English translation of the 1993 French fourth edition).  The Monuments of the Angkor Group. Retrieved 14 July 2005.
Gray, Denis D. (January 15, 1998). Nations' trials meant to prevent errors during restoration of Angkor. Accessed 22 August 2005.
Gunther, Michael D. (1994). Art of Southeast Asia Accessed 22 August 2005.
Higham, Charles (2001).  The Civilization of Angkor. Phoenix. .

World Monuments Fund. World Monuments Fund at Angkor Accessed 22 August 2005.

External links

The Monuments of the Angkor Group by Maurice Glaize, online version
General Views of Preah Khan
Preah Khan - Khmer Goddesses in the Heart of the Temple

Angkorian sites in Siem Reap Province
Buddhist temples in Siem Reap Province
Hindu temples in Siem Reap Province
12th-century Buddhist temples
Religious buildings and structures completed in 1191

Preah Khan


Nogometna liga Varaždin – Maribor – Celje  je bila liga trećeg stupnja nogometnog prvenstva Jugoslavije u sezoni 1955./56.
Sudjelovalo je 12 klubova, a prvak je bio "Tekstilac" iz Varaždina.

Sudionici

Ljestvica

 Donja Lendava tadašnji naziv za Lendavu

Rezultatska križaljka

 Izvori:

Poveznice

Izvori
 Ivica Vukotić: VŽ nogomet, Varaždin, 1990., str. 84

+1955-56
Varaždin-Maribor-Celje

Nogometna liga Varaždin – Maribor – Celje 1955./56.


USS Leary (DD-158) was a  in the United States Navy during World War II. She was named for Lieutenant Clarence F. Leary, posthumously awarded the Navy Cross in World War I.

Commissioned in 1919, she saw a number of fleet exercises and training cruises, as well as a brief period of decommissioning from 1922 to 1930. She was the first U.S. Navy ship to be equipped with sonar, and the first to detect a German ship with it. With the outbreak of World War II, she escorted a number of convoys to Iceland, the Caribbean, and west Africa to support the war effort, later being upgraded to serve as an anti-submarine warfare vessel. On 24 December 1943, while escorting  through rough seas in the North Atlantic, she was torpedoed three times by the  and sank with the loss of 98 men.

Design and construction

Leary was one of 111 s built by the United States Navy between 1917 and 1919. She, along with nine of her sisters, were constructed at New York Shipbuilding Corporation shipyards in Camden, New Jersey using specifications and detail designs drawn up by Bethlehem Steel.

She had a standard displacement of  an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . On trials, Leary reached a speed of . She was armed with four 4"/50 caliber guns, two 3"/23 caliber guns, and twelve  torpedo tubes. She had a regular crew complement of 176 officers and enlisted men. She was driven by two Curtis steam turbines powered by four Yarrow boilers.

Specifics on Learys performance are not known, but she was one of the group of Wickes-class destroyers known unofficially as the 'Liberty Type' to differentiate them from the destroyers constructed from detail designs drawn up by Bath Iron Works, which used Parsons or Westinghouse turbines. The 'Liberty' type destroyers deteriorated badly in service, and in 1929 all 60 of this group were retired by the Navy. Actual performance of these ships was far below intended specifications especially in fuel economy, with most only able to make  at  instead of the design standard of  at . The class also suffered problems with turning and weight.

She was the first ship to be named for Clarence F. Leary. A subsequent  would be commissioned, this one a  completed in 1945.

Service history
Leary was laid down on 6 March 1918 and launched on 18 December 1918. She was sponsored by Mrs. Anne Leary, the mother of Clarence F. Leary. She was commissioned on 5 December 1919.

She departed Boston on 28 January 1920, underwent her shakedown cruise in the Caribbean and then conducted training operations along the East Coast of the United States. In January 1921, she joined the Pacific Battle Fleet, and through February took part in a large-scale battle exercise off the coast of Peru. In March, Leary transited the Panama Canal and reported to the commander of Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. She then was on station during bombing tests conducted by the U.S. Army Air Forces against naval targets, overseen by Billy Mitchell. She resumed her training exercises off the Caribbean until June 1922, when in accordance with the Washington Naval Conference, she was decommissioned at the Philadelphia Naval Yard.

Recommissioned on 1 May 1930 with a home port in Newport, Rhode Island, Leary alternated between the Pacific Fleet and the Atlantic Fleet, carrying out training maneuvers and taking part in several fleet problems. After 1935, most of her time was taken up conducting training cruises for reserves and midshipmen. In April 1937, she underwent a shipyard overhaul, including being equipped with a radar. Leary was the first U.S. navy vessel to be equipped with the device. In September 1939, Leary and  established a continuous patrol off the coast of New England against German U-boats. On 9 September 1941, she began escort missions to Iceland. She was also the first to make contact with a German U-boat, while escorting a British convoy in the North Atlantic on 9 November 1941.

With the entry of the United States into World War II following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Leary undertook regular convoy escort duties. After 26 February 1942, she spent a year escorting convoys from a mid-ocean meeting point to Icelandic ports. On 7 February 1943, she left for Boston and reassignment. During this time, she was given a shipyard overhaul at Boston Navy Yard and converted into an anti-submarine warfare ship. On 1 March, she left Boston for Guantanamo Bay, and undertook anti-submarine exercises with . She then resumed escort duty, and made several trips to Trinidad and several Caribbean ports. Returning to New York on 25 June, she began escorting transatlantic convoys, and successfully escorted two of them through Aruba and to Algiers and Casablanca. She later joined Task Group 21.41 under the command of Captain Arnold J. Isbell and escorting .

On 24 December 1943, the task group was caught in a storm in the North Atlantic when at 01:58 in the morning, Leary made a ping on a U-boat off her starboard bow. After her commander, James E. Kyes, ordered her to battle stations but before the destroyer could react, she was struck by a G7es torpedo fired by the . The torpedo struck her starboard side and detonated in the after engine room, killing all of the men there and damaging both propeller shafts. She quickly developed a 20 degree list to starboard, and was unable to move in the heavy seas. Unbeknownst to the task group, a second German submarine,  fired at Leary but missed. Soon after, Kyes ordered the crew to abandon ship. Two additional torpedoes from U-275 rocked the ship, and it rapidly sank, stern first. She took 98 men with her, including Kyes. Survivors were picked up by her sister ship, .

Three or four minutes after the second torpedo hit, the executive officer, Lt. R. B. Watson, concluded a quick inspection of the ship, during which he found a thick, gooey substance covering the deck.  He was astonished to see two seamen sitting on a torpedo tube, calmly eating Boston cream pie. The cook had just baked a batch, the explosion spattering most of it on the deck.

Leary received one battle star for her service in World War II. For his actions in ensuring the safety of his crew, Kyes was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross. The Gearing-class destroyer  was later named for him.

Convoys escorted

References

Notes

Sources

External links
 navsource.org: USS Leary
 Booklet of General Plans circa 1941 at Researcher@Large

Wickes-class destroyers
Ships built by New York Shipbuilding Corporation
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II
World War II destroyers of the United States
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
1918 ships
Maritime incidents in December 1943

USS Leary (DD-158)


Geostacionarni satelit (grč. γη (Gea): Zemlja + kasnolat. stationarius: koji miruje) je umjetni Zemljin satelit koji se giba geosinkrono (istodobno s okretanjem Zemlje oko svoje osi), i pod inklinacijom orbite od 0° pa se čini da miruje iznad određene točke na ekvatoru. Satelit se u ravnini ekvatora giba po takvoj kružnoj stazi da je trajanje njegova obilaska oko Zemlje jednako trajanju okretaja Zemlje oko svoje osi (23 sata, 56 minute, 4 sekunde), uz jednak smjer gibanja (od zapada prema istoku). To se postiže pri brzini satelita od 3 074 m/s i visini od 35 786 kilometara, a takva se putanja (orbita) naziva geosinkronom putanjom. Ako je također i kut putanje satelita i putanje planeta (Inklinacija orbite) jednak nula, tada je satelit u geostacionarnoj orbiti. Satelit se u takvoj orbiti nalazi uvijek iznad istog mjesta na Zemljinom ekvatoru. Velika poluos svih geosinkronih i geostacionarnih orbita je 42 164 km.

Iz tog je položaja vidljiva približno trećina Zemljine površine pa ju je cijelu moguće pokriti sa samo 3 umjetna satelita, što geostacionarnu putanju čini osobito pogodnom za smještaj telekomunikacijskih i meteoroloških satelita. Prvi geostacionarni satelit bio je Syncom-3, američki telekomunikacijski satelit lansiran 1964. Geosinkrona i geostacionarna orbita ograničeni su resursi zbog čega se telekomunikacijski operateri zapisuju kod Međunarodne telekomunikacijske unije za slobodni orbitalni utor komunikacijskih satelita. Komunikacijske i meteorološke satelite često se stavlja u geostacionarne orbite. Razlog je što zemaljske satelitske antene koje komuniciraju s njima ne moraju se okretati da bi ih pratili, nego su stalno usmjerene ka istoj točki na nebu, onoj gdje su sateliti.

Meteorološki satelit

Dva su osnovna tipa meteoroloških satelita, od kojih se jedan koristi satelitima u polarnoj orbiti, a drugi geostacionarnim satelitima. Geostacionarni sateliti tipa GOES, GMS i METEOSAT na visini od približno 36 000 kilometara iznad ekvatora neprestano (kontinuirano) snimaju stanje Zemljine atmosfere i Zemlje u nekoliko spektralnih područja svakih pola sata. Takvih 6 umjetnih satelita u razmaku od 60 zemljopisnih duljinskih stupnjeva opasuju cijelu Zemlju, a slike koje šalju postale su sastavnim dijelom svakodnevne analize i prognoze vremena te uz praćenje vremenskih promjena omogućuju i otkrivanje područja nastajanja opasnih tropskih ciklona, uragana i tajfuna. Europska svemirska agencija ESA lansirala je dosad 7 satelita METEOSAT, koji pretražnim radiometrima daju slike u vidljivom i infracrvenom dijelu spektra. Godine 2002. lansiran je MSG1, satelit METEOSAT druge generacije, koji svakih 15 minuta prizemnim postajama na čak 12 spektralnih područja neprestano šalje znatno veći broj podataka o stanju atmosfere nego li dosadašnji METEOSAT.

Izvori

Geostacionarni satelit