نظام العد الأحادي  هو نظام للعد ذو أساس أحادي. يعتبر هذا النظام من أبسط أنظمة العد لتمثيل الأعداد الطبيعية، حيث من أجل تمثيل أي عدد N، يتم تكرار رمز معين يمثل العدد 1 لـ N مرة. على سبيل المثال، باستخدام الرمز | (رمز العصا) فيمكن تمثيل العدد 6 على الشكل ||||||. الطريقة البسيطة للعد بهذه الطريقة هي استخدام الأصابع. يفيد هذا النظام في عد النتائج أثناء حدوثها، مثل عد النقاط في مباراة رياضية، وذلك لعدم الحاجة إلى مسح أو تعديل أي نتيجة متوسطة وإنما تكون النتيجة النهائية هي الهامة للحكم على نتيجة المباراة.
عادة ما يتم تجميع الرموز الأحادية في مجموعات لإنشاء مجموعات أعداد من أجل تسهيل العد الأخير، وهذه العملية تشابه وظيفة الفراغات أو الفاصلة العشرية في نظام العد العشري.

من الممكن القيام بعمليات الجمع، والطرح بسهولة كبيرة في هذا نظام العد الأحادي، بينما عمليتي الضرب والقسمة تتطلب جهداً أكبر.

لا يوجد أي رمز يمثل العدد صفر في نظام العد الأحادي.
بمقارنة هذا النظام مع أنظمة العد ذات المراتب (نظام العد الثنائي، نظام العد العشري.. الخ) فإن هذا النظام هو غير مناسب عملياً وخصوصاً في الحسابات الضخمة.

مراجع

1 (عدد)
أنظمة عد
أنظمة عددية
رياضيات ابتدائية
لغات شكلية
نظرية الترميز

نظام عد أحادي


Jean-Marc Perraud is a French businessman who was executive vice president and CFO of Schlumberger.

Biography
A graduate of the École des Hautes Études Commerciales, he received his MBA from Columbia Business School where he was a Fulbright scholar. Perraud also holds a law degree from Paris University.

Perraud was executive vice president and chief financial officer (CFO) of Schlumberger. Prior to this role, he was the company's controller and chief accounting officer. He had served as treasurer of Schlumberger Limited, and before that he was the company's vice president and director of tax.

Over his 33 years with Schlumberger Perraud held a variety of management positions in Paris, New York City, Rio de Janeiro and London. Previous roles included serving as group controller for Schlumberger Industries, group controller for Drilling & Pumping, general manager of Dowell-Schlumberger, group controller for Oilfield Services, controller for Dowell-Schlumberger, controller for Wireline Africa, and assistant treasurer for Schlumberger Limited. He began his career in Schlumberger in 1974.

Recognitions
In 2007 he was named one of the top-performing CFOs by Institutional Investor.

References

HEC Paris alumni
Chief financial officers
Columbia Business School alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)

Jean-Marc Perraud


Dravska park-šuma šumsko je područje u sjevernom dijelu grada Varaždina, na sjeveru graniči s rijekom Dravom.

Proglašena je park-šumom 2011. godine na površini od 85,74 hektara. Višestruko je zaštićena pa je ujedno i sastavni dio Regionalnog parka Mura-Drava, ekološke mreže Natura 2000, kao i budućeg UNESCO-vog MAB rezervata biosfere Dunav-Drava-Mura.

To je glavno izletište u prirodi i mjesto za rekreaciju u Varaždinu. Riječ je o drvećem obraslom prostoru koji se pruža od cestovnog mosta do Velikih Preloga (Šintarije). Izgradnjom odvodnog kanala HE Varaždin, šuma je podijeljena na dva dijela. Kako se nalazi u rubnom dijelu grada, na nekadašnjem poplavnom području uz rijeku Dravu, šuma je ostala očuvana do danas. Skupina stabala bijelih topola unutar ove park-šume botanički su spomenik prirode.

Granice obuhvata zaštićene Dravske park-šume su:
 na sjeveru rijeka Drava;
 na jugu Bombellesov nasip i položen gradski kanalski kolektor sa sjeverne strane Bombellesovog nasipa;
 na zapadu: rubovima privatnih zemljišta parcela i objekata uz Štoosov trg, mostom derivacijskog kanala i istočnim rubom makadamskog puta koji dijeli šumu od prostora kinološkog društva i strojnog parka komunalnog poduzeća »Varkom«.
 na istoku: od Međimurske ulice i mosta bana Jelačića preko Drave.

Izvori

Park-šume u Hrvatskoj
Varaždin

Dravska park-šuma


Dimanche d'Amérique est un film québécois documentaire de court-métrage réalisé par Gilles Carle, sorti en 1961.

Synopsis
Un dimanche de détente comme les autres, tel qu'il est vécu par les habitants de Little Italy, le quartier italien de Montréal.

Fiche technique
 Titre original : Dimanche d'Amérique
 Titre anglais One Sunday in Canada
 Réalisation  : Gilles Carle
 Scénario : Bill Davies
 Recherches et commentaire : Arthur Lamothe
 Chansons : « Kalena Rock » et « Peccato Rock » composées et interprétées par Antonio Caticchio, arrangées par Domenico Furiano
 Photographie : Guy Borremans
 Son : Claude Pelletier, Joseph Champagne
 Mixage: Ron Alexander
 Montage son : Bernard Bordeleau
 Montage : Werner Nold
 Avec la collaboration : Georges Dufaux, Louis Portugais, François Séguillon, Jean Roy et Bernard Gosselin
 Production : Jacques Bobet
 Société de production et de distribution : ONF
 Pays de production :  (Québec)
 Format : couleurs ; 35 mm
 Langue d'origine : français
 Genre : documentaire expérimental
 Durée : 9 minutes 28 secondes

Autour du film
L'endroit de Montréal montré dans le film est la quartier de Little Italy, en particulier la rue Dante et l'Eglise Notre-Dame de la Défense.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Michel Coulombe et Marcel Jean, « Dimanche d'Amérique », Le Dictionnaire du Cinéma québécois. Nouvelle édition revue et augmentée par Michel Coulombe, Editions du Boréal, Montréal, 1999, 721p. ,

Liens externes

 https://www.onf.ca/film/dimanche_damerique/
 http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/59529_1
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQIxZFZ9KeM (le film complet)

Film québécois sorti en 1961
Film réalisé par Gilles Carle
Film de l'Office national du film du Canada
Film se déroulant à Montréal

Dimanche d'Amérique


An Sarcoglottis viscosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Dariusz Lucjan Szlachetko ngan Piotr Rutkowski. An Sarcoglottis viscosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Sarcoglottis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Sarcoglottis

Sarcoglottis viscosa


දේශපාලන ආර්ථිකය මූලිකව ම අධ්‍යයනය කරන්නේ නිෂ්පාදනය, ගනුදෙනු හා ඒවා නීතිය, සිරිත්, ආණ්ඩුව සමග පවත්වන සම්බන්ධතාව යයි. මෙය බිහි වූයේ සදාචාරාත්මක දර්ශනය (උදාහරණ : ඇඩම්ස් ස්මිත්, ග්ලාස්ගෝ විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයේ සදාචාරාත්මක දර්ශනය පිළිබඳ මහාචාර්යවරයෙක් විය) යන විෂය තුළ වන අතර, 18 වන සියවසේ රාජ්‍යයන්හි ආර්ථිකය අධ්‍යයනය කිරීම යන විෂය ලෙස වර්ධනය විය. මේ නිසා එය දේශපාලන ආර්ථිකය ලෙස හඳුන්වයි.

ඉඩම් වනාහී සියලූ ධනයේ මූලාශ‍්‍රය ලෙස සැලකෙන පිසියෝක්‍රැට් න්‍යායට පටහැණිව යමින් සමහර දේශපාලන න්‍යායවාදිහු ශ‍්‍රමයේ වටිනාකම පිළිබඳ න්‍යාය ඉදිරිපත් කළහ. (මෙය ජෝන් ලොක් විසින් හඳුන්වා දී, ඇඩම් ස්මිත් විසින් සහ පසුකාලීනව කාල් මාක්ස් විසින් වර්ධනය කරන ලදී) එනම්, වටිනා තරම් නියම මූලාශ‍්‍රය වන්නේ ශ‍්‍රමය යන්නයි. තාක්ෂණයේ වර්ධනය වේගවත් වීමට ආර්ථික හා සාමාජීය සම්බන්ධතා කෙරෙහි ඉතා වැදගත් වන බව බොහෝ න්‍යායවාදීහු ද පෙන්වා දී තිබේ. (නිදසුන් : ජෝෂප් ෂම්පීටර්)

සටහන්

| Political Economy
|}
{|

දේශපාලන ආර්ථිකය


Hrísey () es una isla de la costa norte de Islandia, situada a unos 35 kilómetros al norte de Akureyri, en Eyjafjörður. Es la segunda más grande a nivel nacional.

Administración
Desde 2004, la isla se anexo a la ciudad de Akureyri, después de haber sido un municipio aparte anteriormente.

Territorio
Hrísey en sí tiene una superficie total de 7.67 km² y de 7.5 km de largo por 2.5 km de ancho en su punto más extenso en el sur. Es la segunda isla más grande de la costa de Islandia (después de Heimaey en las Vestmannaeyjar).

Galería

Véase también
 Anexo:Ciudades y aldeas de Islandia
 Islas de Islandia

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Archipiélagos e islas de Norðurland Eystra

Hrísey


Arbeleche ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Beltrán Arbeleche (1902–1989), Architekt
 Jorge Arbeleche (* 1943), uruguayischer Schriftsteller, Essayist und Dozent

Arbeleche


Die Seikyō Shimbun (japanisch 聖教新聞, alternative Transkriptionen Seikyō/Seikyo Shimbun/Shinbun, wörtlich "Zeitung der Lehren des Heiligen") ist eine religiös motivierte japanische Tageszeitung.

Übersicht
Die Zeitung und ist im Besitz der Sōka Gakkai und eng verbunden mit der Partei Kōmeitō. Sie erschien seit dem 20. April 1954 zunächst dreimal im  Monat. Seit Juli 1965 erscheint sie täglich. Hauptsitz der Redaktion ist Tokio und Osaka, es gibt viele Zweigstellen im Land. Die Zeitung unterhält ein eigenes Verteilernetz.

Die Zeitung hatte 1998 eine Auflage von 5,5 Millionen.

Weblinks
 Seikyō Shimbun in der Kotobank, japanisch
 Seikyo Online

Zeitung (Japan)
Nichiren-Buddhismus
Japanischsprachige Tageszeitung
Religiöse Zeitung

Seikyō Shimbun


À travers champs est une émission de télévision québécoise en six épisodes de  animée par l'auteure et journaliste Marie-Claude Lortie et présentée à partir du  sur la chaîne Savoir média. La série a bénéficié, pour sa production, du soutien financier du Fonds des médias du Canada.

Synopsis
La série documentaire cherche à analyser l'agriculture québécoise et les enjeux soulevés par le système actuel qui la régit : elle s'intéresse notamment aux modes de production des aliments, à la mécanique du système agricole, de même qu'aux condition de possibilité d'une agriculture plus durable. Ce faisant, À travers champs met en lumière les problèmes du milieu à partir d'exemples concrets, pour ensuite explorer des pistes de solution avec des acteurs des milieux ruraux et d'autres experts du domaine.

Épisodes
Chaque épisode se penche sur un défi agricole contemporain.

Saison 1
La première saison d'À travers champs est diffusée à partir du 4 novembre 2021.

 L'épisode Le problème avec la monoculture traite du modèle de production agricole traditionnel et de sa menace pour la santé des sols, de même que des alternatives disponibles. Y interviennent Louis Robert, agronome au ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec; Loïc Dewavrin, copropriétaire des Fermes Longprés; Matthew Dewavrin, agronome et agriculteur aux Fermes Longprés; Audrey Bogemans, présidente et agricultrice à la ferme Bogemans; David Dupont, chercheur à l'Institut de recherche en économie contemporaine.

 L'épisode Un territoire à préserver s'intéresse à l'importance de préserver le territoire agricole du Québec. Y interviennent Hugo de Foy Lavoie, agriculteur à la microferme Artisan Maraîcher; Pascal Thériault, agronome et économiste à l'Université McGill; Philippe Pagé, directeur à la Fédération de la relève agricole et maire de Saint-Camille; Roméo Bouchard, agriculteur biologique retraité et membre fondateur de l'Union paysanne; Marcel Groleau, président sortant à l'Union des producteurs agricoles.

 L'épisode Une relève pour nos campagnes se penche sur le manque de relève en agriculture et des pistes de solution pour y faire face. Y interviennent Jessy Gagnon, agricultrice à la ferme La Brumeuse; Guy Lapointe, ancien propriétaire d'une ferme; Gaétan Desroches, chef sortant de la direction de Sollio; Kevin Drouin-Léger, responsable des opérations à la Centrale Agricole; Pascal Thériault, agronome et économiste à l'Université McGill; Julie Anctil, agricultrice à la ferme La Brumeuse.

 L'épisode L'union fait la force met en lumière le modèle coopératif en agriculture, instauré dès le 19e siècle au Québec. Y interviennent Louis Ménard, propriétaire de la Ferme Trotteuse Coop, membre du CA de la CAPÉ et producteur; Sylvain Brault, producteur à la ferme Brault et frères; Gaétan Desroches, chef sortant de la direction de Sollio; Guillaume Brault, producteur à la ferme Brault et frères.

 L'épisode Un monopole contesté s'intéresse principalement à l'Union des producteurs agricoles a le monopole de la représentation des agriculteurs et agricultrices au Québec. Y interviennent Marcel Groleau, président sortant à l'Union des producteurs agricoles; Roméo Bouchard, agriculteur biologique retraité et membre fondateur de l'Union paysanne; Claude Fortin, maraîcher au Maraicher d'en haut; David Dupont, chercheur à l'Institut de recherche en économie contemporaine; Pascal Thériault, agronome et économiste à l'Université McGill; Nathalie Lemieux, propriétaire de l'érablière Nathalie Lemieux.

 L'épisode Repenser l'agriculture se penche sur le futur de l'agriculture, notamment sur l'avenue prometteuse de l'agriculture régénératrice. Y interviennent Louis Robert, agronome au ministère de l'Agriculture, des Pêcheries et de l'Alimentation du Québec; Laure Waridel, cofondatrice d'Équiterre (association québécoise); Audrey Bogemans, présidente et agricultrice à la ferme Bogemans; Alain Olivier, professeur au département de phytologie de l'Université Laval; Nathalie Gervais, propriétaire du Verger Labonté.

Saison 2
La deuxième saison d'À travers champs est diffusée à partir du 21 novembre 2022.

 L'épisode Élever autrement s'intéresse à la manière dont on traite et nourrit les animaux. Y interviennent Patrick Mundler, agroéconomiste, chercheur et professeur à l'Université Laval; Dominic Lamontagne, auteur et artisan fermier; Fernande Ouellet, copropriétaire de la ferme Rusé comme un canard et instigatrice du projet Le petit abattoir; John Badger, propriétaire et éleveur bovin à la Ferme Badger.

 L'épisode Le coût humain se préoccupe de la détresse psychologique des agriculteurs et agricultrices. Y interviennent Ginette Lafleur, directrice adjointe de l'association Au cœur des familles agricoles; Éric Lavoie, agriculteur; Martine Fraser, travailleuse de rang, Au cœur des familles agricoles; Hélen Bourgoin, travailleuse de rang et coordonnatrice Écoute agricole.

 L'épisode L'agriculture au féminin nous parle du chemin qu'il reste à parcourir vers la parité dans le milieu agricole. Y interviennent Nathalie Bissonnette, professionnelle de recherche au Conseil du statut de la femme et doctorante en communication publique à l'Université Laval; France de Montigny, directrice générale de l'organisme Agricultrices du Québec; Andréane Benoit, propriétaire de la ferme avicole A. Benoit; Lori-Anne Berthiaume, propriétaire de la ferme Porc S.B., et son père Cécilien Berthiaume.

 L'épisode L'agriculture urbaine se consacre aux avantages de l'agriculture urbaine. Y interviennent Éric Duchemin, directeur scientifique et cofondateur du Laboratoire sur l'agriculture urbaine AU/LAB et professeur associé à l'Institut des sciences de l'environnement de l'UQAM; Patricia Gagnon, propriétaire de La petite serre en ville; Benoist de Peyrelongue, directeur général de l'organisme Cuisine collective.

 L'épisode Les plaisirs de la terre s'intéresse aux produits agricoles non-alimentaires, comme par exemple les fleurs et le cannabis. Y interviennent Claude Vallée, professeur (agronome) et responsable du pavillon horticole écoresponsable à l'Institut de technologie agroalimentaire du Québec; Nathalie Deschênes, directrice adjointe de Québec Vert; André Mousseau, propriétaire de l'entreprise Le cactus fleuri; Philippe Laperrière, vice-président de l'Association québécoise de l'industrie du cannabis, et propriétaire de l'entreprise Fuga; Justine Richard-Giroux, directrice des opérations et agronome à Fuga.

 L'épisode La gestion de l'offre s'attarde à ce côté économique de l'agriculture au Québec. Y interviennent Patrick Mundler, agroéconomiste, chercheur et professeur à l'Université Laval; Léa Lehmann, copropriétaire de la Fromagerie Lehmann; Justin Laramée, auteur et comédien.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Émission de télévision créée en 2021
Émission de télévision produite au Québec
Émission diffusée sur Savoir média
Émission de télévision documentaire
Agriculture

À travers champs


An Carex pseudomairei in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni E.G.Camus. An Carex pseudomairei in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Carex

Carex pseudomairei


La saison 2021-2022 du Championnat de Syrie de football est la cinquante-et-unième édition du championnat de première division en Syrie. Les quatorze meilleurs clubs du pays sont regroupés au sein d'une poule unique où ils s'affrontent deux fois au cours de la saison, à domicile et à l'extérieur. En fin de saison, les quatre derniers du classement sont relégués.

Le Tishreen SC, le tenant du titre, est de nouveau champion de Syrie.

Les clubs participants

Compétition
Le barème utilisé pour établir les différents classement est le suivant :
 Victoire : 3 points
 Match nul : 1 point
 Défaite : 0 point

Classement

|valign=top align=left width=50%|

|}

Bilan de la saison

Voir aussi

Références

Liens internes
 Championnat de Syrie de football

Liens externes
  Page complète (classements et résultats) sur RSSSF

2021-2022
Syrie M1
2021 en Syrie
2022 en Syrie

Championnat de Syrie de football 2021-2022


Meopham /ˈmɛpəm/ es una histórica parroquia eclesiástica y civil, localizado del distrito de Gravesham en el condado de Kent en Inglaterra.

Posee una iglesia anglicana del siglo XIV y otros antiguos monumentos.

Geografía
Según la Oficina Nacional de Estadística británica, el pueblo de Meopham se tiene una superficie de 20,22 km².

Está cercana de Gravesend y cerca del estación internacional de Ebbsfleet en Kent.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2001, Meopham tenía 6427 habitantes (49,26% varones, 50,74% mujeres) y una densidad de población de 317,85 hab/km². El 18,36% eran menores de 16 años, el 75% tenían entre 16 y 74 y el 6,64% eran mayores de 74. La media de edad era de 42,1 años. Del total de habitantes con 16 o más años, el 18,85% estaban solteros, el 66,55% casados y el 14,6% divorciados o viudos.

El 96,05% de los habitantes eran originarios del Reino Unido. El resto de países europeos englobaban al 1,37% de la población, mientras que el 2,58% había nacido en cualquier otro lugar. Según su grupo étnico, el 97,53% eran blancos, el 0,95% mestizos, el 1,04% asiáticos, el 0,2% negros, el 0,16% chinos y el 0,12% de cualquier otro. El cristianismo era profesado por el 79,74%, el budismo por el 0,09%, el hinduismo por el 0,12%, el judaísmo por el 0,12%, el islam por el 0,26%, el sijismo por el 0,54% y cualquier otra religión por el 0,23%. El 12,35% no eran religiosos y el 6,52% no marcaron ninguna opción en el censo.

3177 habitantes eran económicamente activos, 3092 de ellos (97,32%) empleados y 85 (2,68%) desempleados. Había 2584 hogares con residentes, 51 vacíos y 11 eran alojamientos vacacionales o segundas residencias.

Hoy en día Meopham es pueblo rural del viajero.

Véase también
 Diócesis anglicana de Rochester
 Kent

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 www.british-history.ac.uk
 www.meophamcc.co.uk

Localidades de Kent
Parroquias civiles de Kent
Iglesias de Inglaterra
Arquitectura de Inglaterra del siglo XIV

Meopham


Piqua é uma comunidade não registrada em Woodson County, Kansas, Estados Unidos. No censo de 2020, a população da comunidade e áreas próximas era de 90.

História
Piqua teve seu início no ano de 1882 com a construção das ferrovias através do território e está situada na junção da Missouri Pacific Railroad e da Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad. Foi nomeado após a cidade de Piqua, Ohio. A primeira agência postal de Piqua foi fundada em março de 1882.

Geografia
Piqua está localizada na US Route 54 e fica a leste da US Route 75. Piqua está localizada entre as cidades de Yates Center e Iola.

Dados demográficos
Para fins estatísticos, o United States Census Bureau definiu Piqua como um local designado pelo censo (CDP).

Pessoas notáveis

 Buster Keaton (1895 – 1966) - aclamado ator e diretor de cinema. Ele nasceu em Piqua enquanto sua mãe estava viajando.
 Fred Kipp - arremessador da liga principal de beisebol entre 1957 e 1960 com os Dodgers e Yankees.

Referências

Leitura adicional

 Mapas do Condado de Woodson: Atual, Histórico, KDOT

Cidades dos Estados Unidos
Fundações em 1882

Piqua (Kansas)


David Lambert Lack FRS (16 July 1910 – 12 March 1973) was a British evolutionary biologist who made contributions to ornithology, ecology, and ethology. His 1947 book, Darwin's Finches, on the finches of the Galapagos Islands was a landmark work as were his other popular science books on Life of the Robin and Swifts in a Tower. He developed what is now known as Lack's Principle which explained the evolution of avian clutch sizes in terms of individual selection as opposed to the competing contemporary idea that they had evolved for the benefit of species (also known as group selection). His pioneering life-history studies of the living bird helped in changing the nature of ornithology from what was then a collection-oriented field. He was a longtime director of the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology at the University of Oxford.

Education and early life
Lack was born in London, the oldest of four children of Harry Lambert Lack MD FRCS, who later became President of the British Medical Association. The name 'Lack' is derived from 'Lock'. His father grew up in a farming family from Norfolk and became a leading ear, nose and throat surgeon at the London Hospital. Although his father had some interest in birds as a boy it does not appear that he influenced David's interest. His mother Kathleen was the daughter of Lt. Col. McNeil Rind of the Indian army. Kathleen's father was Scottish and on her mother's side was part Irish, Greek and Georgian. Kathleen had been an actor and was a supporter of women's suffrage. At home they organized meetings of the poetry society. David was schooled at home until seven and then went to the Open Air School in Regent's Park before going to The Hall, Hampstead followed by Foster's School, Stubbington and Gresham's School, Holt, Norfolk. Lack was taught biology at Gresham's by W.H. Foy and G.H. Lockett. He went to Magdalene College, Cambridge and received a BA second class in 1933 after studying botany, zoology and geology for part I of the Tripos and zoology for part II.

Until the age of fifteen, Lack lived in a large house in Devonshire Place, London. The family spent their summers in New Romney Kent where Lack became familiar with the local birds especially on Romney Marsh. By the age of nine, he had learnt the names of most birds and had written out an alphabetically arranged life-list. In 1926, Lack won the Holland-Martin Natural History Prize for an essay on "Three Birds of Kelling Heath". In 1928, with an essay on 'My favourite birds' he was the national winner of the senior prize (a silver medal) in the Public School Essay Competition, organised by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. David did not wish to follow his father's profession in medicine and took an interest in zoology. His father then considered entomology which was then the only professional field in zoology and found work for David at the Frankfurt museum in the summer of 1929. He spent four months pinning insects in the Senckenberg Museum and found it "extremely" boring. He joined the Cambridge Ornithological Club whose members included Peter Scott, Arthur Duncan, Dominic Serventy, and Tom Harrisson. His first scientific paper was on the display of nightjars, published in the Ibis in 1932. He joined on several expeditions with Cambridge researchers including two to the Arctic. Lack wrote The Birds of Cambridgeshire (1934) which was published by the Cambridge Bird Club. In this work, he departed from the contemporary style with a distinct de-emphasis on rare and accidental birds.

Lack received an Sc.D. from Cambridge University in 1948.

Career and research
After Cambridge, Lack, on the recommendation of Julian Huxley took up a position as a science mentor at Dartington Hall School, Devonshire from 1934 until Summer 1938 when he took a year off to study bird behaviour on the Galapagos Islands. In 1935 he made his first trip to the United States as a chaperone for a Dartington Hall student returning to California. Here he met Joseph Grinnell and Robert McCabe and gave a talk at the Cooper Ornithological Club. In New York, he met Ernst Mayr at the American Museum of Natural History. He returned via the SS Bremen, only one of about four English speakers on the German ship. He was only in the Galapagos for part of that year, starting August 1938. With the data that he collected in the Galapagos, especially on the finches he went to the United States. April to August 1939 was spent at the California Academy of Sciences which held a large collection of the finches of Galapagos that had been studied earlier by Harry Swarth and at Ernst Mayr's home in New Jersey. While in the US he made a study of the tricoloured blackbird with John T. Emlen.  He returned home in September 1939, after the outbreak of war. Lack published The Galapagos Finches (Geospizinae), A Study in Variation in which he examined variations within species across islands and considered that many of them were non-adaptive and due to founder effect and genetic drift. Lack's first major work was The Life of the Robin, which was based on four years of field work that he conducted while teaching at Dartington Hall School. He examined robin behaviour, song, territory, pairing and breeding using ringing to mark and track individual birds. The manuscript was completed in 1942 and it went through five editions from 1943 to 1970. One of Lack's students at Dartington Hall was Eva Ibbotson. A colleague who helped in filming some of the robins for Lack was the geography teacher Bill Hunter. In 1934 Lack went to Tanganyika on an invitation from R.E. Moreau.

Lack was committed to pacificism and debated the philosophy even during his Dartington days with the founder of the college, Leonard Knight Elmhirst. During World War II Lack however served with a British Army unit called the Army Operational Research Group on the Orkney Islands working on radar use. During this work he met other biologists who had been inducted into the war including George Varley, an entomologist who introduced him to the idea of density-dependent regulation of animal populations. Lack's observations on spurious echoes produced by birds would later allow him to establish the field of radar ornithology to study bird migration. Lack was released from wartime duty in August 1945 so as to take a position to as Director (succeeding W.B. Alexander) of the Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology at Oxford University, a position that he held until his death in 1973.

Lack's work in ornithology was almost entirely based on studies of the living bird. He was one of the pioneers of life-history studies in Britain, especially those based on quantitative approaches, when some traditional ornithologists of the time were focussing their studies on morphology and geographic distribution. Lack's major scientific research included work on population biology and density dependent regulation. His work suggested that natural selection favoured clutch sizes that ensured the greatest number of surviving young. This interpretation was however debated by V.C. Wynne-Edwards who suggested that clutch size was density-independent. This was one of the earliest debates on group selection. Lack's studies were based on nidicolous birds and some recent studies have suggested that his findings may not hold for other groups such as seabirds.

As a mentor for numerous doctoral students, Lack followed a hands-off method, letting students decide their own research topics. He encouraged students to sort out their ideas and find the "simplest explanation, which was probably best." He would make students work on their papers and give only one reading to their thesis asking them to choose either a draft or a final version to submit.

He wrote numerous papers in ornithological journals, and had a knack of choosing memorable titles: he once claimed to have single-handedly caused the renaming of a group of birds through the submission of a scientific paper with the title "Territory and Polygamy in a Bishop". This 1935 publication was subsequently titled "Territory and polygamy in a bishop bird, Euplectes hordeacea hordeacea (Linn.)" in the journal Ibis as the journal editor felt that the title might cause misunderstanding.

Darwin's finches
Lack's most famous work is Darwin's Finches, a landmark study whose title linked Darwin's name with the Galapagos group of species and popularised the term "Darwin's finches" in 1947, though the term had been introduced by Percy Lowe in 1936. There are two versions of this work, differing significantly in their conclusions. The first is a book-length monograph, written after his visit to the Galapagos, but not published until 1945. In it Lack interprets the differences in bill size as species recognition signals, that is, as isolating mechanisms.

The second is the later book in which the differences in bill size are interpreted as adaptations to specific food niches, an interpretation that has since been abundantly confirmed. This change of mind, according to Lack's Preface, came about as a result of his reflections on his own data whilst he was doing war work. The effect of this change in interpretation is to put the emphasis for speciation onto natural selection for appropriate food handling instead of seeing it primarily as a by-product of an isolating mechanism. In this way his work contributed to the modern evolutionary synthesis, in which natural selection came to be seen as the prime mover in evolution, and not random or mutational events. Lack's work laid the foundations for the much more extensive work of Peter and Rosemary Grant and their colleagues. Lack's work feeds into studies of island biogeography which continue the same range of issues presented by the Galapagos fauna on a more varied canvas. According to Ernst Mayr,

"The person who more than anyone else deserves credit for reviving an interest in the ecological significance of species was David Lack... It is now quite clear that the process of speciation is not completed by the acquisition of isolating mechanisms but requires also the acquisition of adaptations that permit co-existence with potential competitors."

Lack's Principle
In 1943 Lack took an interest in clutch size after reading Moreau's manuscript sent to the Ibis. Lack was then an assistant to the editor of the Ibis. Lack postulated what is now known as Lack's Principle, which states that "the clutch size of each species of bird has been adapted by natural selection to correspond with the largest number of young for which the parents can, on average, provide enough food".

Population regulation
Lack took a keen interest in the mechanisms involved in regulating populations in nature. The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers is one of Lack's most frequently cited works. Here he gave primacy to natural selection in determining the rate of reproduction and he especially countered the idea that it was adjusted with mortality rates so that constant populations are maintained. It was critiqued by J.B.S. Haldane who found it lacking mathematical precision and biased to bird studies. The other major critic was V.C. Wynne-Edwards with whom he clashed for nearly a decade. Lack followed up on the criticisms in his later books including Population Studies of Birds (1966).

Published books

Lack, David. 1943. The Life of the Robin. Witherby, London.  (4th edition, 1965, illustrated by Robert Gillmor)
Lack, David. 1947. Darwin's Finches.
Lack, David. 1950. Robin Redbreast. Oxford. (A new edition of this book, revised and expanded by Lack's son Andrew, was published under the title Redbreast: the Robin in life and literature by SMH Books in 2008.)
Lack, David. 1954. The Natural Regulation of Animal Numbers. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Lack, David. 1956. Swifts in a Tower. Methuen, London.
 2018 Updated edition, illustrated by Colin Wilkinson. Unicorn.
Lack, David. 1957. Evolutionary Theory and Christian Belief: The Unresolved Conflict. Methuen, London.
Lack, David. 1965. Enjoying Ornithology. Methuen, London.  (illustrated by Robert Gillmor)
Lack, David. 1966. Population Studies of Birds. Oxford University Press, Oxford.  (illustrated by Robert Gillmor)
Lack, David. 1968. Ecological Adaptations for Breeding in Birds. Methuen, London.  (illustrated by Robert Gillmor)
Lack, David. 1971. Ecological Isolation in Birds. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. and Blackwell, Oxford.  (illustrated by Robert Gillmor)
Lack, David. 1974. Evolution Illustrated by Waterfowl. Harper & Row, London.
Lack, David. 1976. Island Biology Illustrated by the Land Birds of Jamaica. University of California Press, Berkeley.  (posthumously).

Published journal articles

Lack, David. 1945. The Galapagos finches (Geospizinae): a study in variation.
; 90, 25–45.
Lack, David 1949. The significance of reproductive isolation. In Jepsen G, Mayr E and Simpson GG (eds) Genetics, palaeontology and evolution. Princeton.
Lack, David. 1954. The evolution of reproductive rates. In Huxley J, Hardy AC and Ford EB (eds). Evolution as a process. Allen & Unwin, London.

Awards and honours
1951: elected Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1951
1958: receives Godman-Salvin Medal of the British Ornithologists' Union
1962–1966: President, International Ornithological Congress
1964–1965: President, British Ecological Society
1972: Awarded the Darwin Medal of the Royal Society

The centenary of Lack's birth, 16 July 2010, was marked by a 'David Lack Centenary Symposium', hosted by the Edward Grey Institute.  A programme of talks focused on and celebrated the scientific contributions of Lack to ornithology, and the broader fields of ecology and evolution, and assessed the development of these fields in the 21st century.

Personal life
David Lack married Elizabeth Lack (née Silva) who was also an ornithologist. Elizabeth Silva was born in Hertfordshire in 1916 and took an early interest in music. She wished to join the Royal Academy of Music in London but the war led to her serving in the Auxiliary Territorial Service as an ambulance driver in Europe. After the war she applied for work and due to her interest in birds she sent her resume to Richard Fitter who passed it on to David Lack with a note "Here's another for your reject file." Lack however interviewed her and appointed her as a secretary. Noting her interest in birds, he also invited her to serve as a field assistant for studies in the Wytham Woods. She also helped in the study of swifts. One day Elizabeth did not return to her office after her observations of the swifts and David, worried that she might have fallen off a ladder, found her engrossed in observation. They became engaged in 1948 and were married on July 9, 1949. The best man was George Varley. They had four children: Peter Lack (born 1952, a biologist), Andrew Lack (born 1953, also a biologist and academic), Paul Lack (born 1957, a freelance teacher), and Catherine Lack (born 1959, a university chaplain). In Oxford, the Lacks initially lived in a flat in Park Town, Oxford, and later on Boars Hill, just south of Oxford. Lack enjoyed music and was also a fan of field hockey and tennis in which he also participated. Lack died from Non-Hodgkin lymphoma despite radiation treatments.

Religious beliefs
Lack's parents belonged to the Church of England, and he was an agnostic as an early adult but became a convert to Anglicanism in 1948, possibly influenced by Dan and Mary Neylan, friends at Dartington Hall. He sought to find a compromise between science and religion and wrote, in 1957, Evolutionary theory and Christian belief, on the relationship between Christian faith and evolutionary theory. Lack believed that evolution could not account for morality, truth, beauty, free will, self-awareness and individual responsibility. This book foreshadows, in some ways, the non-overlapping magisteria conception of the relationship between religion and science later popularised by Stephen Jay Gould.

Arthur Cain remarked of him, "David Lack was the only religious man I knew at that period who did not allow his religion to dictate his view of natural selection."

References

Biography

External links

  (portion relevant to Darwin's finches, 6:43 to 10:44 of 12:17)

1910 births
1973 deaths
Scientists from London
People educated at Gresham's School
Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge
British evolutionary biologists
English ornithologists
English ecologists
English Anglicans
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of Trinity College, Oxford
20th-century British zoologists
Modern synthesis (20th century)
Theistic evolutionists
Edward Grey Institute people

David Lack


Das Rittergut Magwitz ist ein Rittergut in Magwitz, heute Stadtteil von Oelsnitz/Vogtl. im sächsischen Vogtlandkreis.

Geografie
Das Rittergut Magwitz befindet sich im Bahnhofsweg im Norden des Orts.

Geschichte

Die lokaladelige Familie von Machwitz hatte im Ort ihren Stammsitz, zunächst als Ringwallanlage an der Straße in Richtung Planschwitz. Dieser Herrensitz wurde erstmals 1236 erwähnt. Zu den späteren Besitzern des Ortes zählte die Familie von Raschau (1372) und Thoß (1410). Der Herrensitz Magwitz wurde 1445 erstmals als Rittersitz bezeichnet. Das Rittergut wurde nach Aufgabe der Burg am heutigen Standort errichtet. Dieses besaß von 1487 bis ins 17. Jahrhundert die Familie von Falkenstein. In deren Zeit fiel die Aufteilung des Besitzes in zwei Vorwerke, die 1606 zu einem Rittergut vereinigt wurden. Anschließend war das Rittergut Magwitz im Besitz der Familie von Reitzenstein (1719–1749), eines Herrn Kospoth (bis 1766), von Max Fulda (ab 1901) und der Gebrüder Rinn (ab 1920). Im Jahr 1937 erfolgte der Verkauf der Nutzflächen des Ritterguts an den Weißelsterverband, der einen Teil davon für die Anlage der Talsperre Pirk verwendete. Die Hofanlage befand sich von 1938 bis zur Enteignung im Zuge der Bodenreform in der Sowjetischen Besatzungszone ab 1945 im Besitz von Hermann Freude. Zwischen 1952 und 1990 wurde das Gut durch die LPG genutzt.

Das heutige Schlossareal befindet sich in einer Hanglage zur Hauptstraße gelegen, wo sich ein Aufgang für Fußgänger entlang der Reste einer Wehrmauer befindet. Der ummauerte Vierseithof birgt Nebengebäude und ein bewohntes Haupthaus.

Literatur
 Wolfgang Seffner: Die Rittergüter des Vogtlandes, ihr Schicksal im 20. Jahrhundert. Vogtland-Verlag, Plauen 2002, ISBN 3-928828-21-5, S. 79.

Weblinks

 Rittergut Magwitz auf Sachsens-Schlösser.de

Magwitz
Bauwerk in Oelsnitz/Vogtl.
Kulturdenkmal in Oelsnitz/Vogtl.
Unternehmen (Vogtlandkreis)
Falkenstein (vogtländisches Adelsgeschlecht)

Rittergut Magwitz


بلدية بيلميز ، هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة قرطبة إحدى مقاطعات إسبانيا، و التي تقع في منطقة الأندلس جنوب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 3.373 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007).

مراجع

بلديات قرطبة
بلدات في إسبانيا

بيلميز (قرطبة)


An Pleurothallis atrohiata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Donald Dungan Dod. An Pleurothallis atrohiata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pleurothallis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pleurothallis

Pleurothallis atrohiata


Urðaklukka (fræðiheiti: Campanula portenschlagiana) er tegund af klukkuætt (Campanulaceae), ættuð frá Svartfjallalandi, Serbíu, Bosnía og Hersegóvína og Króatíu.

Tilvísanir

Bláklukkur

Urðaklukka


Gara Coveș a fost o stație de cale ferată de pe linia Agnita, în Agnita, județul Sibiu, România. Gara a fost deschisă în 1910 și închisă în 2001. Clădirea gării și calea ferată au fost protejate și încă există.

Note

Coveș
Fondări în 1910

Gara Coveș


Oksfjorden (nordsamisk: Vuoksavuotna) er en fjord på nordsiden af Nordkinnhalvøen i Lebesby kommune i Troms og Finnmark  fylke i Norge. Fjorden går 14 km mod sydøst til Sørbotn inderst i fjorden som er en del af Oksevåg.

Fjorden har indløb mellem Kjelsnæringen i vest og Engelsnæringen i øst. Fjorden går på nordøstsiden af Skjøtningberghalvøen. Syd for denne ligger Kjøllefjorden. Det tidligere fiskerleje Skjøtningberg ligger på sydsiden helt yderst i fjorden. Hele Oksfjorden er fraflyttet og består kun af hytteområder (2012).

Oksfjorden er en fungerende nødhavn og har et blink på «Avløsninga» og en fyrlygte på Russenes

Dele af filmen Orions bælte blev indspillet på Oksfjorden, blandt andet blev «Sandy Hook» sænket her.

Fylkesvej 894 går langs enden af fjorden.

Kilder og henvisninger

Fjorde i Troms og Finnmark
Lebesby

Oksfjorden (Lebesby)


La Doña es una telenovela dramática chilena, producida y dirigida por Vicente Sabatini, transmitida por  Chilevisión, desde el 4 de octubre de 2011 hasta el 4 de abril de 2012.

Es protagonizada antagónicamente por Claudia Di Girólamo, quien interpreta a  la malvada Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer, una terrateniente del Chile colonial conocida popularmente como La Quintrala. Con las actuaciones de Juan Falcón, Alfredo Castro, Luz Jiménez, Ricardo Fernández, Fernanda Urrejola, Felipe Contreras, entre otros.

Argumento
Ambientada en el naciente Chile del , la historia se centra en un período de la vida de La Quintrala, que es el más potente en cuanto al ejercicio del poder y a todas las diabluras que hizo. Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer es una mujer de más de cuarenta años que se ha mantenido solitaria, porque no acepta que nada ni nadie le diga lo que tiene que hacer. Los Lisperguer son una de las familias más poderosa en la ciudad de Santiago de Chile de ese entonces, junto a ella también están los Jiménez de Mendoza, quién su patriarca es don Antonio Ximénez de Mendoza (Sergio Hernández). Ambas son dos familias muy potentes, quienes se pelean el poder de la ciudad.

Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer se mueve con total seguridad e impunidad, en un mundo violente, salvaje, dominado por soldados, y bajo la atenta y castigadora mirada de la Inquisición. Sin embargo, nunca imaginó que al enamorarse del hombre más poderoso de Santiago, el Gobernador Cristóbal García de León (Juan Falcón), terminaría derrotada por el sentimiento que jamás experimentó en su vida: "El amor".

Al nacer, su destino ya estaba casi escrito; vagar por las tierras como una mujer de fuego que jamás conocería el amor, debido a una maldición que una bruja le echó a su madre. Catalina creció bajo el odio y golpizas de su padre Gonzalo de los Ríos (José Soza), que la culpa por la muerte de su esposa. El odio hacia su padre crecía día a día, al igual que a todos los hombres.

Esta fuerte mujer fue criada por su abuela Doña Águeda Flores (Luz Jiménez), Catalina se convirtió en una hermosa mujer, que cautivaba e intimidaba a los hombres de la región por su extrema belleza e indomable personalidad. Pero al único hombre que Catalina respeta y admira es a su querido amigo Fray Domingo (Cristián Carvajal), el sacerdote de la ciudad, aunque él la ama ocultamente desde que eran niños, además defiende y perdona todos sus aberrantes castigos y crueldades ante los enemigos de ella.

Elenco
	Claudia Di Girolamo – Doña Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer «La Quintrala».
	Juan Falcón – Gobernador Cristóbal García de León y Argueta
	Ricardo Fernández – Capitán Fernando García de León y Argueta
	Cristián Carvajal – Fraile Domingo de Figueroa
	Alfredo Castro – Pedro Lisperguer y Solorzano
	Sofía García – Rosario Lisperguer y Saavedra
	Felipe Contreras – Nahuel.
	Fernanda Urrejola – Millaray
	Luz Jiménez – Doña Águeda Flores
	José Soza – Gonzalo de los  Ríos y Encio
	Catalina Pulido – Perpetua Ximenez de Mendoza y Segovia
	Alejandro Goic – Oídor Juan de la Cruz y Pimentel
	Roxana Campos – Ailen Chalco
	Rodrigo Pérez – Asencio Erazo
	Paloma Moreno – Isadora Ximenez de Mendoza y Segovia
	Felipe Ponce – Martín Ximenez de Mendoza y Segovia
	Javiera Hernández – Beatriz Ferreiro da Silva
	Antonio Campos – Nicolás Villarreal y Gonzaga
	Claudio Castellón – Manuncahua
	Nathalia Aragonese – Ancavilo
	José Tomás Rodríguez – Daniel Ferreiro
	Pablo Krögh – Cardenal Benigno Martínez de Oviedo y Urquiza
	Alessandra Guerzoni – Doña Elena Saavedra de Guzmán y Hurtado
	Paulo Brunetti – Caballero de Malta, Enrique de Enríquez y Rivera
	Sergio Hernández – Antonio Ximenez de Mendoza y Alvarado

Producción
Teniendo como títulos provisionales La flor de fuego y, más tentativamente, La Quintrala, se optó por La doña debido a que la marca La Quintrala se encontraba registrada en el Instituto Nacional de Propiedad Industrial por Televisión Nacional de Chile, canal que produjo una miniserie similar en 1987 protagonizada por Raquel Argandoña.

La canción central de La doña es una nueva versión de «La quintralada», compuesta en 1979 por Florcita Motuda y popularizada en los años 1980 por Patricia Maldonado, que en esta ocasión fue producida por Juan Andrés Ossandón e interpretada por María Jimena Pereyra.

Con un costo de US$5.000.000, es la teleserie más cara realizada por Chilevisión. El encargado de diseñar los trajes y joyas de la época colonial fue Pablo Núñez, quien, junto al sastre José Vergara, formó un equipo de catorce personas que lograron crear quinientos atuendos femeninos y trescientos cincuenta masculinos en dos meses de trabajo antes de comenzar las grabaciones. Cabe señalar, que a diferencia de sus antecesoras, La doña no fue grabada en alta definición, debido al escaso equipamiento que tenía el Estudio 1 Sonia Fuchs, Chilefilms para poder grabar la novela, según lo que revelan en el Foro de Televisión y Espectáculos de Chile Fotech.

Los lentes de las cámaras que se utilizaron para grabar la teleserie, fueron parchados con cinta de enmascarar o masking tape para poder crear el efecto widescreen que permitiese poder tener imágenes iguales en tamaño a las que eran registradas con las cámaras HD, Sin embargo, las imágenes registradas en SD y en HD no empatan en definición ni en colorimetría. Adicionalmente, se armó una unidad móvil de producción especial, equipada con cámaras HD, pero se utilizaba para exteriores o en el Estudio 3 de Chilefilms, donde se ubicaban los sets que no se montaron en el estudio principal por temas de espacio.

Impacto
La Doña logró altos índices de audiencia en el horario prime y derrotó a su competencia, las hegemonías de ficción; Su nombre es Joaquín de TVN y Peleles de Canal 13. Debido al éxito, el canal decidió retener a Claudia Di Girolamo bajo un exclusivo contrato de un período de dos años.

Realizadores
 Dirección general: Vicente Sabatini Downey
 Producción general: Cecilia Stoltze
 Guion: Carlos Galofré, Ángela Bascuñán, Luis López-Aliaga y Rodrigo Ossandón
Dirección de cámara: Mauricio Bustos
Producción de set: Verónica Brañes
Asistente de dirección: Roberto Morales
Asistente de producción: César Opazo
Diseño de arte y vestuario: Pablo Núñez
Diseño de escenografía: Leticia Kausel
Diseño de ambientación: Ingrid Lauw
Diseño de fotografía: Beltrán García
Diseño de edición y montaje: Claudio Matus
Diseño de musicalización: Juan Andrés Ossandón

Premios y nominaciones

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial de Chilevisión.
 Foro de Televisión y Espectáculos de Chile

Telenovelas de 2011
Telenovelas de Chilevisión
Telenovelas en español
Series de televisión de ficción histórica de Chile

La doña (telenovela de 2011)


كلوريد النحاس يشير إلى إحدى المركبين التاليين لفلز النحاس:
 كلوريد النحاس الأحادي أو أحادي كلوريد النحاس وله الصيغة CuCl.
 كلوريد النحاس الثنائي أو ثنائي كلوريد النحاس وله الصيغة CuCl2.

فهرس صفحات الكيمياء

كلوريد النحاس


රක්තවාතය ඉතා වේදනාකාරී ය වෛද්‍ය තත්වය. එය රතු, ටෙන්ඩර්, උණුසුම්, ඉදිමුණු සන්ධියකි.  මෙම ඇඟිලි බොහෝ විට සිදුවන්නේ මහා ඇඟිලි පාමුල සන්ධියෙනි.  එය සිදුවන්නේ ස් ටික රුධිරයෙන් තැන්පත් වීමෙනි.  රුධිරයේ යූරික් අම්ලයේ මට්ටම අධික වූ විට මෙය සිදු වේ. ස් ටික පසුව සන්ධිවල රැඳේ, කණ්ඩරාව, සහ අවට පටක.

රක්තවාතය ඇති වන රෝගීන්ගෙන් 50% ක් පමණ ගිනි අවුලුවන ආතරයිටිස් සිදු වේ. යූරේට් ස් ටික නිසා මෙම රෝගය වකුගඩු රෝගයක් ලෙසද පෙනෙන්නට පුළුවන. රක්තවාතය ඇති පුද්ගලයින්ට රක්තවාතය පිළිබඳ ප්‍රහාර එකකට වඩා තිබේ.

සන්ධි තරලයේ ස් ටික සොයා ගන්නේ නම් රෝගියාට රක්තවාතය ඇති බව වෛද්‍යවරු තීරණය කරති.  ප්‍රති-ගිනි අවුලුවන ඖෂධ ෂධ, ස්ටෙරොයිඩ් හෝ කොල්චිසීන් සමඟ ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීමෙන් රෝග ලක්ෂණ වැඩි දියුණු වේ.  ප්‍රහාරයක් පහව ගිය පසු, රෝගියාට යූරික් අම්ලයේ මට්ටම අඩු කිරීම සඳහා ඔහුගේ හෝ ඇයගේ ජීවන රටාව වෙනස් කළ හැකිය. රක්තවාතය ඇති පුද්ගලයින් බොහෝ විට රෝග ලක්ෂණ පසුව වැළැක්වීම සඳහා ඇලෝපුරිනෝල් හෝ ප්‍රොබෙනෙසයිඩ් ගත හැක.

 රක්තවාතය වඩාත් සුලභ වී ඇත.  බටහිර මිනිසුන්ගේ ජීවිත කාලය තුළ එය ආසන්න වශයෙන් සියයට 1 සිට 2 දක්වා බලපායි. අවදානම් සාධක වැඩි වෙමින් පවතින අතර රක්තවාතය වැඩි වීමට හේතු විය හැක. පරිවෘත්තීය සින්ඩ්‍රෝමය, දිගු ආයු අපේක්ෂාව සහ ආහාර වේලෙහි වෙනස්වීම් වඩාත් පොදු අවදානම් සාධක වේ. රක්තවාතය ඉතිහාසය තිහාසිකව හැඳින්වූයේ "රජවරුන්ගේ රෝගය" හෝ "ධනවතුන්ගේ රෝගය" යනුවෙනි.

යොමුව
රක්තවාතය ඉතා වේදනාකාරී ය වෛද්‍ය තත්වය. එය රතු, ටෙන්ඩර්, උණුසුම්, ඉදිමුණු සන්ධියකි.  මෙම ඇඟිලි බොහෝ විට සිදුවන්නේ මහා ඇඟිලි පාමුල සන්ධියෙනි.  එය සිදුවන්නේ ස් ටික රුධිරයෙන් තැන්පත් වීමෙනි.  රුධිරයේ යූරික් අම්ලයේ මට්ටම අධික වූ විට මෙය සිදු වේ. ස් ටික පසුව සන්ධිවල රැඳේ, කණ්ඩරාව, සහ අවට පටක.

රක්තවාතය ඇති වන රෝගීන්ගෙන් 50% ක් පමණ ප්‍රතිප්‍රදාහ ආතරයිටිස් සිදු වේ. යූරේට් ස් ටික නිසා මෙම රෝගය වකුගඩු රෝගයක් ලෙසද පෙනෙන්නට පුළුවන. රක්තවාතය ඇති පුද්ගලයින්ට රක්තවාතය පිළිබඳ ප්‍රහාර එකකට වඩා තිබේ.

සන්ධි තරලයේ ස් ටික සොයා ගන්නේ නම් රෝගියාට රක්තවාතය ඇති බව වෛද්‍යවරු තීරණය කරති.  ප්‍රතිප්‍රදාහක ඖෂධ ෂධ, ස්ටෙරොයිඩ් හෝ කොල්චිසීන් සමඟ ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීමෙන් රෝග ලක්ෂණ වැඩි දියුණු වේ.  ප්‍රහාරයක් පහව ගිය පසු, රෝගියාට යූරික් අම්ලයේ මට්ටම අඩු කිරීම සඳහා ඔහුගේ හෝ ඇයගේ ජීවන රටාව වෙනස් කළ හැකිය. රක්තවාතය ඇති පුද්ගලයින් බොහෝ විට රෝග ලක්ෂණ පසුව වැළැක්වීම සඳහා ඇලෝපුරිනෝල් හෝ ප්‍රොබෙනෙසයිඩ් ගත හැක.

රක්තවාතය


يسرا محمود اللوزي (مواليد 8 أغسطس 1985 –) هي ممثلة مصرية بدأت التمثيل على مسرح الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة حينما كانت طالبة، ولكن جاءت فرصتها الأولى للتمثيل في السينما مع ترشيح المخرج الراحل يوسف شاهين لها في بطولة فيلمه إسكندرية - نيويورك في عام 2004. سنة تلو الأخرى، أصبحت بطلة لعدد كبير من الأفلام، منها: قبلات مسروقة، وبالألوان الطبيعية، وهليوبوليس، وميكروفون، المركب كما شاركت في بطولة مسلسلات مثل: خاص جدًا، وخطوط حمراء، وفيرتيجو، ودهشة.

عن حياتها

ولدت يسرا في حي الزمالك، القاهرة، في 8 أغسطس 1985. درست يسرا العلوم السياسية في الجامعة الأمريكية، وتخصصت في المسرح والتاريخ الحديث. والدها هو «محمود اللوزي»، وهو مخرج مسرحي وممثل وأستاذ دراما ومسرح في الجامعة الأمريكية. ووالدتها سورية عملت في مجال مسرح العرائس، ولها إسهامات في مجال الترجمة والدوبلاج بشركة والت ديزني العالمية. بدأت يسرا في دبلجة الأفلام الكرتونية التي تنتجها شركة ديزني في ما قبل مرحلة الثانوية العامة، وكانت تقوم والدتها بترجمة تلك الأفلام. بعدما أنهت يسرا دراستها الجامعية، حصلت على ماجستير في حقوق الإنسان والتنمية، وعملت في ذلك المجال لفترة. لم يكن الباليه هواية يسرا الوحيدة، حيث أنها كانت تعزف البيانو أيضًا.

حياتها الشخصية
تزوجت يسرا في سن الثالثة والعشرين عامًا بعدما أنهت دراستها الجامعية، وأنجبت طفلتها دليلة بعد 5 سنوات من زواجها تحديدًا عام 2014. رفضت يسرا العديد من الأدوار في تلك الفترة لتأخذ فرصة الاعتناء بطفلتها.

في عام 2020 أعلنت يسرا ولادتها لطفلتها الثانية نادية.

حياتها الفنية
بدأت يسرا مشوارها في التمثيل مع المخرج يوسف شاهين في فيلم إسكندرية - نيويورك، والذي سبقه مشوار هواية بدأ على مسارح الجامعة الأمريكية. كما قدم لها والدها دعمًا كاملاً في أخذ قرار التمثيل والبدء فيه. قدمت يسرا بعض الأعمال الغنائية المسرحية مثل: أوزة سخيفة، والسلطان الحائر، وسليمان الحلبي، والقارئ. بعد أن أسند لها يوسف شاهين دور البطولة في فيلمها الأول، وبترشيح من ماريان خوري صديقة والدتها، سارت راقصة الباليه خريجة كلية العلوم السياسية، وبخطوات متزنة غير متسرعة إلي مجال السينما والتمثيل. تلت مشاركتها في فيلم إسكندرية - نيويورك دخولها لأول مرة في سينما الأفلام القصيرة عندما أخذت دور البطولة في فيلم هوس العمق عام 2007. لم تقتصر مشاركتها في التمثيل فقط، فقد كانت يسرا مقدمة برنامج ذا إكس فاكتور آرابيا، وهو برنامج متخصص في اكتشاف قدرات المشتركين الغنائية ودعمها لاحقًا. كما اشتركت في تقديم برنامج ميكروفون مع أمير صلاح الدين.

كانت مشاركة يسرا في فيلم إسكندرية - نيويورك هي نقطة انطلاقة قوية وحقيقية لها في مجال السينما، وشاركها التمثيل في هذا العمل والدها محمود اللوزي، والفنانة يسرا، ومحمود حميدة، ولبلبة، وسعاد نصر، وماجدة الخطيب. اشترك فيلم إسكندرية - نيويورك في مهرجان كان السينمائي، قسم جائزة نظرة ما في نسخة عام 2004. تلي ذلك فيلم قبلات مسروقة عام 2008، وشاركها التمثيل فيه أحمد عزمي، وباسم سمرة، وراندا البحيري. كان فيلم قبلات مسروقة الممثل المصري الوحيد في مهرجان الإسكندرية السينمائي الدولي، وفازت يسرا فيه بجائزة أفضل ممثلة، وفاز الفيلم أيضًا بجائزة أفضل فيلم في المجلة العربية «حريتي»، وشارك الفيلم في مهرجان كاب واينلاندز بجنوب أفريقيا.

بدأت بعدها يسرا رحلتها في مجال الدراما التلفزيونية بمسلسل خاص جدًا عام 2009 أمام يسرا، ومحمود قابيل، وتامر هجرس، وإيمي سمير غانم، ودرة، وإياد نصار. بدأت يسرا أولي تجاربها الوثائقية في الفيلم التسجيلي بس في حاجة ناقصة، وقد ناقش الفيلم أوجه الاختلاف والتشابه بين أربع ثقافات مختلفة. كان الفيلم من إنتاج معهد جوته، وتم عرضه في ميدين برويكت فوبرتال بألمانيا، كما تم في القاهرة أيضّا. شاركت يسرا في نفس العام في فيلم هليوبوليس مع والدها محمود اللوزي، وخالد أبو النجا، وهاني عادل، وهند صبري. وقد حازت علي جائزة أفضل ممثلة عن الفيلم في مهرجان روتردام السينمائي الدولي، وجائزة أفضل ممثلة عن نفس الفيلم في مهرجاني القاهرة السينمائي الدولي والإسكندرية. تم اختيار فيلم هليوبوليس للمشاركة في مسابقة سالونيك الدولية باليونان، وقد كان أول فيلم مصري يشارك في مسابقة سالونيك بعد فيلم الأبواب المغلقة عام 1999، وقد كان الفيلم المصري الدولي الوحيد في عام 2010 مع فيلم المسافر. وحاز الفيلم علي جائزة أفضل سيناريو من مؤسسة ساويرس. وتم ترشيح الفيلم في مهرجان الشرق الأوسط السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان تورونتو السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان فانكوفر السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان كيرالا السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان بلجيكا السينمائي الدولي.

تلي فيلم هليوبوليس بعض الأعمال السينمائية الكوميدية مثل: فيلم إذاعة حب عام 2011 مع لطفي لبيب، وانتصار، ومنة شلبي، ومنى هلا، وإدوارد. وفيلم بنات العم مع أحمد فهمي، وهشام ماجد، وشيكو. وفي نفس العام شاركت يسرا في فيلم ميكروفون، وهو فيلم مصري مستقل من إنتاج فيلم كلينيك، ويناقش الفن المستقل في الإسكندرية من موسيقى، ورقص، ورسم. وقد حصد هذا الفيلم العديد من الجوائز، منها جائزة أفضل سيناريو من مؤسسة ساويرس للسينما، وجائزة أفضل فيلم عربي من مهرجان القاهرة السينمائي الدولي، وجائزة أفضل فيلم في مهرجان الإسكندرية السينمائي الدولي، وجائزة أفضل مونتاج في مهرجان دبي السينمائي الدولي، وجائزة التانيت الذهبية في مهرجان قرطاج السينمائي الدولي بتونس، وكانت هذة المرة الثالثة لمصر أن تحصد التانيت الذهبي منذ انطلاق المهرجان من 44 عام. وتم ترشيح الفيلم من قبل بعض المهرجانات مثل: مهرجان تورونتو السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان لندن السينمائي الدولي، ومسابقة سالونيك الدولية، ومهرجان مراكش السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان بلجيكا السينمائي الدولي، ومهرجان كيرالا السينمائي الدولي. بعدها مرت يسرا بتجربة جديدة تمامًا علي مسيرتها.

توجهاتها السياسية

شاركت يسرا في ثورة 25 يناير التي طالبت بسقوط الرئيس السابق محمد حسني مبارك هي ووالدها، ومعروف عنها مساندة ودعم الثورة والثوريين. شاركت يسرا في فيلم خاص يحكي عن الثورة حكاية الثورة مع آسر ياسين، وعمرو عابد، وبسمة، وطارق التلمساني، وعمرو واكد. وكانت من ضمن المطالبين بطرد السفير الإسرائيلي في أحداث فلسطين.

التكريمات والجوائز

 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان الإسكندرية السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم قبلات مسروقة.
 شهادة تقدير خاصة من مهرجان روتردام للفيلم العربي عن دورها في فيلم بالألوان الطبيعية.
 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان روتردام السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم هليوبوليس.
 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان القاهرة السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم هليوبوليس.
 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان الإسكندرية السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم هليوبوليس.
 جائزة خاصة في مهرجان الإسكندرية السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم هليوبوليس.
 جائزة التانيت الذهبي في مهرجان قرطاج الدولي عن فيلم ميكروفون.
 جائزة أفضل فيلم عربي في المسابقة العربية بمهرجان القاهرة السينمائي الدولي عن فيلم ميكروفون.
 تكريم راديو 9090 في عام 2016.
 تكريم جريدة الأهرام عن مجمل أعمالها السينمائية والدرامية، ومجهوداتها في المجال الإنساني في عام 2017.
 تكريم وزارة الهند بمصر في احتفالية «نساء بارزات» في إطار مهرجان الهند علي ضفاف النيل في نسخة 2017.

أعمالها

مسلسلات

 (2023): المداح (مسلسل) المداح
 (2023): جميلة
 (2021): بين السما والأرض
 (2020): بخط الإيد (نوارة عبد الخالق - ظهور خاص)
 (2020): طاقة حب (لاما)
 (2019): قمر هادي (ميرال)
 (2019): سوبر ميرو (هديل الدالي - ضيفة شرف)
 (2019): بدل الحدوتة تلاتة (منة - ضيفة شرف)
 (2019): كلبش 3 (ريم)
 (2018): عائلة الحاج نعمان 2 (هناء)
 (2018): بالحجم العائلي (هدى)
 (2017): 30 يوم (لبنى - ضيفة شرف الحلقة الأخيرة)
 (2017): الحلال
 (2017): طاقة القدر (هايدي)
 (2016): بنات سوبرمان (أية جمال)
 (2015): تشيللو
 (2015): سندباد (أداء صوتي - النسخة العربية المدبلجة)
 (2015): لهفة (ضيفه شرف)
 (2015): استيفا (ياسمين - حلقة 23 و24)
 (2014): صاحب السعادة (ضيفة شرف)
 (2014): إمبراطورية مين (ضيفة شرف)
 (2014): دهشة (نعمة الباشا)
 (2013): آدم وجميلة (جميلة/ فاطمة)
 (2012): خطوط حمراء (سلمى)
 (2012): لحظات حرجة 3 (شذى)
 (2012): فيرتيجو (نادية)
 (2010): لحظات حرجة 2 (شذى)
 (2010): الجماعة (شيرين)
 (2009): خاص جدا (فريدة)

أفلام

 (2017): أخلاق العبيد (داليا شكرى)
 (2017): فين قلبي (فريدة عزت)
 (2017): ممنوع الاقتراب أو التصوير (فريال لطيف)
 (2017): شنطة حمزة (أمينة)
 (2016): حسن وبقلظ (كامليا)
 (2016): الهرم الرابع (أسيا محمد إبراهيم - الصحفية)
 (2014): من ألف إلى باء (أروى)
 (2013): هاتولي راجل (علياء)
 (2012): بنات العم (دوللي)
 (2012): ساعة ونص (د/سناء)
 (2011): المركب (يارا)
 (2011): إذاعة حب (فريدة)
 (2011): ميكروفون (سلمى)
 (2011): هليوبوليس (يسرا)
 (2009): بالألوان الطبيعية (إلهام)
 (2008): قبلات مسروقة (مروة)
 (2007): لكل سينماه
 (2004): إسكندرية - نيويورك (جنجر)

أخرى

 (2019): عين الحياة
 (2017): فرحات والثلاث ورقات
 (2011): حكاية الثورة (نفسها)
 (2009): بس في حاجة ناقصة
 (2007): هوس العمق (الفنانة)

برامج

 (2019): سهرانين (ضيفة)
 (2019): رسايل (ضيفة)
 (2019): هاني في الألغام (ضيفة)
 (2018): أنا وبنتي (ضيفة)
 (2018): حفلة 11 (ضيفة)
 (2017): صالون أنوشكا (ضيفة)
 (2017): بيومي أفندي (ضيفة)
 (2017): عيش الليلة (ضيفة)
 (2016): تيلي سينما (ضيفة)
 (2015): ميكروفون (مقدمة البرنامج)
 (2014): معكم منى الشاذلي (ضيفة)
 (2013): عقدتي (ضيفة)
 (2013): ذا إكس فاكتور آرابيا (مقدمة)

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

أشخاص شاركوا في ثورة 25 يناير
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من القاهرة
خريجو الجامعة الأمريكية بالقاهرة
مصريون من أصل سوري
ممثلات أفلام مصريات
ممثلات تلفزيون مصريات
ممثلات مصريات في القرن 21
ممثلات من القاهرة
مواليد 1405 هـ
مواليد 1985
مواليد في القاهرة

يسرا اللوزي


Klodovik (tal. Clodoveo) je papiga iz talijanskog stripa "Alan Ford". Vrlo je inteligentan i živi u tajnom skrovištu zajedno s Brojem 1. Brine za njega i njegove kućne ljubimce. Prvi put se pojavio u broju 100, "Crne planine Južne Dakote".

Životopis

Klodovik je u početku bila papiga djeda Broja 1 koja je s njime živjela u planinama južne Dakote. U epizodi "Crne planine južne Dakote" odlazi do Broja 1 i prenosi mu poruku od djeda. Grupa TNT odlazi u Dakotu i doživi jednu od najčudnijih pustolovina ikad. Nakon toga, djed ostavlja Broju 1 papigu s obrazloženjem da je već star i da se više ne može brinuti za nju. Klodovik useljava u tajno skrovište Broja 1 i često se svađa s njim, ali se ipak vole. Brine se za njega i za njegove životinje, osim za Prudyja kojeg mrzi i pokušava se riješiti.

Zanimljivosti

 Klodovik voli rum, punč i krvave bifteke.

 Klodovik govori 18 jezika i 77 dijalekata.

Unutarnje poveznice

 Grupa TNT

 Broj 1

 Prudy

 Sir Oliver

 Alan Ford

Junaci stripa
Likovi iz stripa Alan Ford
Grupa TNT

Klodovik


A Igreja Cristã Reformada do Sri Lanka (ICRSL) - em inglês Christian Reformed Church of Sri Lanka - é uma denominação reformada continental no Sri Lanka. Foi formada em 1642, por imigrantes holandeses, membros da Igreja Reformada Neerlandesa.

História

A Igreja Cristã Reformada do Sri Lanka (ICRSL), originalmente chamada Igreja Reformada Holandesa no Sri Lanka, foi fundada em 1642, por imigrantes holandeses no Sri Lanka.

Após mais um século do domínio colonial holandês, a denominação chegou a cerca de 400.000 membros, em 1796.

Todavia, a partir das Guerras Anglo-Holandesas, o Sri Lanka se tornou território britânico e os holandeses foram expulsos.

Isso levou ao declínio da denominação.

Com a chegada dos britânicos, se estabeleceu no Sri Lanka a Igreja da Escócia. As missões desta decidiram se unir à ICRSL em 1882.

Doutrina

A ICRSL admite a ordenação de mulheres e subscreve as Três Formas da Unidade (Cânones de Dort, Catecismo de Heidelberg e Confissão Belga).

Relações Intereclesiásticas

A denominação é membro da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas, Fraternidade Reformada Mundial, Conselho Cristão Nacional no Sri Lanka e Aliança Cristã Evangélica Nacional no Sri Lanka.

Além disso, tem relações de igreja-irmã com as Igrejas Reformadas Liberadas e Igreja Cristã Reformada na América do Norte, Igrejas Cristãs Reformadas da Austrália e Igreja Reformada Holandesa (NGK).

Denominações reformadas continentais no Sri Lanka
Membros da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas
Igrejas membras da Fraternidade Reformada Mundial

Igreja Cristã Reformada do Sri Lanka


Un avion cu fuzelaj îngust (în engleză narrow-body aircraft sau single-aisle aircraft) este o aeronavă având fuzelajul cu diametru redus, sub 4 m și care permite până la 6 scaune pe rând (3+3) separate de un singur culoar de trecere. Spre deosebire de avioanele cu fuzelaj lărgit (widebody) acestea pot transporta până la 295 pasageri, recordul fiind deținut de Boeing 757–300.

Aeronave cu fuzelaj îngust și 6 locuri/rând

Aeronave cu fuzelaj îngust și 5 locuri/rând

Aeronave cu fuzelaj îngust și 4 locuri/rând

Aeronave cu fuzelaj îngust și 3 locuri/rând

Note

Referințe

Vezi și
 Avion cu fuzelaj larg

Avioane de pasageri
Componente de avion

Avion cu fuzelaj îngust


سعاد العامري معمارية وكاتبة فلسطينية من مدينة يافا، وُلدت عام 1951 لأب فلسطيني (محمد أديب العامري) تعود أصولة إلى قبيلة زهران -تخرج من الجامعة الأميركية ببيروت سنة 1928، ثم حصل على شهادة الدبلوم من معهد الحقوق بالقدس في أواسط الأربعينيات وتقلد عددا من الوزارات بالأردن- وأم سورية. درست الهندسة المعمارية في الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت، وجامعة أدنبرة وجامعة ميشيغان، نالت بعدها درجة الدكتوراه. تزوجت من الدكتور سليم تماري كبير الباحثين بمؤسسة الدراسات الفلسطينية وهي حاليا أستاذة في العمارة في جامعة بيرزيت في محافظة رام الله.

آمنت بأهمية الموروث المعماري الثقافي الفلسطيني، فأسست مركزا لإعادة ترميم واستغلال المباني الأثرية، قام بدوره بتوثيق وتسجيل وحماية الآف المواقع والمباني في فلسطين، وهو مركز المعمار الشعبي "رواق" ،الذي قامت بتأسيسه في عام 1991 في رام الله . لها عدة مؤلفات منها: البلاط التقليدي في فلسطين، عمارة قرى الكراسي وزلزال في بيسان وغيرها.

أصدرت عددًا من الكتب وترجم بعضها إلى 20 لغة:
 شارون وحماتي (2004)
 مراد مراد (2011)
 جولدا نامت هنا (2014)
 دمشقي (2019)
 بدلة إنكليزية وبقرة يهودية (2022)

انظر أيضًا
 خلدون بشارة

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من رام الله
أشخاص من يافا
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة بيرزيت
أكاديميات فلسطينيات
خريجو الجامعة الأمريكية في بيروت
خريجو جامعة إدنبرة
كاتبات مذكرات
كتاب فلسطينيون
كتاب مذكرات فلسطينيون
روائيات فلسطينيات
معماريات
معماريات فلسطينيات
معماريو القرن 20
معماريون فلسطينيون
مواليد 1951
مواليد في دمشق

سعاد العامري


Leopold Mountbatten GCVO (21 de mayo de 1889- 23 de abril de 1922), fue descendiente de la casa de Hesse, a través de la familia Battenberg y de la familia real británica, nieto de la reina Victoria. Fue conocido como el príncipe Leopoldo de Battenberg, desde su nacimiento hasta 1917, cuando la familia real británica renunció a sus títulos alemanes durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, cambiando su nombre a Mountbatten.

Primeros años

Leopold nació  el 21 de mayo de 1889. Su padre era el príncipe Enrique de Battenberg, hijo del príncipe Alejandro de Hesse y del Rin y de la condesa Julia von Hauke. Su madre era la princesa Beatriz de Battenberg (nacida princesa Beatriz), hija menor de la reina Victoria y del príncipe Alberto.

Como era hijo de un matrimonio morganático, el príncipe Enrique asumió el título de su madre, Príncipe de Battenberg, Julia von Hauke, que había sido creada princesa de Battenberg por derecho propio. Como tal, Leopold fue titulado Su Alteza Serenísima el príncipe Leopoldo de Battenberg desde su nacimiento. En el Reino Unido fue titulado Su Alteza el príncipe Leopoldo de Battenberg por Real Cédula aprobada por la reina Victoria en 1866.

Leopold era hemofílico, enfermedad que heredó de su madre.

Renuncia de títulos

Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, el sentimiento antialemán en el Reino Unido llevó al rey Jorge V, primo de Leopold, a cambiar el nombre de la casa real británica de casa de Sajonia-Coburgo-Gotha a casa de Windsor. El rey también renunció a sus títulos alemanes para sí y para los miembros de la familia real británica, que fueran súbditos británicos.

En respuesta a esto, Leopoldo renunció a sus títulos, a través de Real Cédula del Rey, fechada el 14 de julio de 1917; de príncipe de Battenberg, con el tratamiento de Su Alteza, se convirtió en Sir Leopold Mountbatten, en virtud de que era caballero gran cruz de la Real Orden Victoriana. En virtud de otra Real Cédula dada en septiembre de 1917, se le concedió el estilo y precedencia como hijo menor de un marqués, convirtiéndose en lord Leopold Mountbatten.

Lord Leopold murió el 23 de abril de 1922 (32 años), durante una operación de cadera. Fue enterrado en el Cementerio Real, Frogmore.

Títulos, órdenes y empleos

Títulos

 21 de mayo de 1889 - 14 de julio de 1917: Su Alteza el príncipe Leopoldo de Battenberg.
En Alemania: Su Alteza Serenísima el príncipe Leopoldo de Battenberg.

 14 de julio - 11 septiembre de 1917: Sir Leopold Mountbatten, GCVO.

 11 septiembre de 1917 - 23 de abril de 1922: Lord Leopold Mountbatten.

Órdenes

  Caballero comendador de la Real Orden Victoriana (Reino Unido, 1911).
  Caballero gran cruz de la Real Orden Victoriana (Reino Unido, 1915).

Extranjeras
  Caballero gran cruz de la Real y Distinguida Orden de Carlos III (27/05/1906).

Empleos

 16 de octubre de 1909: Teniente (supernumerario), 8.º (Fusileros de la Isla de Wight de la Princesa Beatriz) Batallón, Regimiento de Hampshire (Fuerza Territorial).
 19 de octubre de 1912: Teniente Segundo, Real Cuerpo de Fusileros del Rey.
 15 de noviembre de 1914: Teniente (temporal), Real Cuerpo de Fusileros del Rey.
 Capitán: Capitán, Ejército Británico.

Ancestros

Referencias

Familia Mountbatten
Nobles de Reino Unido
Casa de Battenberg
Caballeros grandes cruces de la Real Orden Victoriana
Caballeros grandes cruces de la Orden de Carlos III
Sepultados en el Cementerio Real de Frogmore

Leopold Mountbatten


LUnion nationale fasciste du Sénat (Unione Nazionale Fascista del Senato - UNFS) est utilisé pour désigner l'Union nationale du Sénat, un groupe officiellement créé en 1926, mais dont les origines remontent à février 1925. L'Union était directement subordonnée au Parti national fasciste (Partito Nazionale Fascista - PNF) et était régie par l'article 10 du statut du PNF.

À partir de mai 1929, elle prend le nom d'Union nationale fasciste du Sénat. Elle était dirigée par un conseil d'administration composé d'un président, de trois vice-présidents et de deux secrétaires. À partir de 1930, le conseil d'administration s'appelle le Directoire. La nomination du Directoire a été faite directement par Benito Mussolini. En 1933, à la suite de la publication du nouveau statut du Parti national fasciste, les sénateurs qui n'étaient pas membres du Parti ont été exclus de l'UNFS.

Source

Liens externes

  Archives du Sénat

Parti politique fasciste

Union nationale fasciste du Sénat


A scarf (: scarves or scarfs) is a long piece of fabric that is worn on or around the neck, shoulders, or head. A scarf is used for warmth, sun protection, cleanliness, fashion, religious reasons, or to show support for a sports club or team. Scarves can be made from materials including wool, linen, silk, and cotton. It is a common type of neckwear and a perennial accessory.

History

Before the Common Era
Scarves have been worn since ancient times. In 1350 BC, in Ancient Egypt, Queen Nefertiti is said to have worn a tightly woven headscarf, and a 9th-century BC statue of Ashurnasirpal II depicts the emperor wearing a shawl.

In 500 BC in Athens, women wore scarves to enhance their seductive charm; in the same period, Indian women wore them flirtatiously as headgear.

During the reign of the Chinese Emperor Cheng, from 259 to 210 BC, scarves were used as military markers to identify the rank of Chinese warriors or their status as officers; many of the Terracotta Warriors are depicted wearing them.

In the Common Era

In Ancient Rome, around AD 10, the garment was used for cleanliness rather than warmth. It was called a focale or sudarium () and was used to wipe sweat from the neck and face in hot weather. Scarves were originally worn by men around their necks or were tied to belts.

In the 1200s, Egyptian belly dancers wore a scarf-like belt low on the hips to highlight their body movements.

Around the 17th century in Croatia, soldiers of all ranks wore scarves; officers wore silk scarves while other ranks were issued with cotton scarves. Some Croatian soldiers served as mercenaries with the French forces; their scarves were sometimes referred to as "cravats" (from the French cravate, meaning "Croat"), and were the precursor to the necktie. The modern British "cravat" is called an "ascot" in American English.

During the French Revolution, women and men wore differently coloured scarves to display their political affiliations to democratic principles of Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité; and Cravates. The French epitomised the elegant scarf style. The Fench word for "scarf" is a derivative of the Croatian word Karvata.

In the New England region of North America, bereaved families were given a scarf as a thank-you gift, as a mark of respect.

Napoleon Bonaparte found Egyptian scarves attractive and bought them as gifts for his wife. After this gift, Empress Josephine Bonaparte is believed to have acquired over 400 scarves in the following three years costing about £80,000. Following this, the people of Paisley, Scotland, started manufacturing their own scarves.

The scarf became a real fashion accessory by the early 19th century for both men and women.

In the 20th century
During World War I and II, women in the USA considered it a patriotic duty to knit scarves for the soldiers, along with other necessities. During these two wars, fighter pilots wore scarves to keep themselves warm in high altitudes and to cover their necks.

By the middle of the 20th century, scarves became one of the most versatile clothing accessories for both men and women. Throughout the 20th century, the fashion industry adopted the scarf. Thierry Hermès of Hermès created silk scarves that were modelled on those Napoleon's soldiers wore in battle. Hermes started making scarves that were designed by some of the biggest names in the fashion and music industries in Hollywood; actor Grace Kelly fashioned one of Hermes's scarves. Hermes imported raw silk from China that was made into long-lasting high-quality fabric with hand print; the process involved 43 screens to produce colour effects, and this printed scarf design was exhibited in a picture by two women in white wigs playing a game.

Silk scarves were also fashioned by actors Faye Dunaway in Bonnie and Clyde (1967) and Diane Keaton in Annie Hall (1977). Madonna, in the 1980s, corralled her perm with a scarf. Alexander's much-copied silk-skull scarves have generated rage among celebrities and fans.

Uses and types

There are four functional types of scarf; the headscarf, the neck scarf, the beach scarf, and the winter scarf; these are hand-painted, block-printed, dyed, embellished, embroidered, beaded, or laced.

Winter scarves are used in cold climates; these are thick and knitted; and are often made of wool or alpaca, or other similar warm materials. A winter scarf is tied around the neck to conserve warmth. The winter scarf is sometimes called a muffler, and is usually accompanied by a heavy jacket or coat. The winter scarf can be wrapped around the face and ears for additional protection from cold.

In dry, dusty, warm climates or environments with airborne contaminants, a thin headscarf, kerchief or bandanna is often worn over the eyes, nose, and mouth to keep the hair clean. This custom has evolved into a fashionable item in many cultures, particularly among women. The cravat, an ancestor of the necktie and bow tie, evolved from scarves of this sort in Croatia

In India, woollen scarves with Bandhani work adopting tie-and-dye techniques are commonly worn in Bhuj and Mandvi in the Kutch District of Gujarat. In India and elsewhere there is a trend of wearing a scarf or dupatta as a safeguard against pollution.

In Indonesia and Malaysia, the slenddang is a native scarf or sash,  wide and  long that is worn principally by the Malaysian women, being draped over one shoulder and across the body diagonally. They are both printed and coloured.

Scarves that are used to cover the lower part of the face, and in particular the neck, are sometimes called cowls. Scarves can colloquially be called a neck-wrap.

Scarves can be tied in many ways, including the pussy-cat bow, the square knot, the cowboy bib, the ascot knot, the loop, the necktie, and the gipsy kerchief. Scarves have also been tied on the head as a headscarf. Monarchs, including Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth I, have worn the headscarf. During the late 1990s, it was a fashion trend with hip hop and R&B artists. During the period of silent films, actors Anna May Wong and Evelyn Brent wore headscarves of sophisticated silks and popularised them. In Islamic religious culture, wearing a head scarf is linked to the Quran. In Saudi Arabia, wearing a head scarf is necessary to face the harsh climate and intense heat, even before Islam was adopted. During the same period, Christians and Jews also covered their hair with veils as dictated by their sacred texts.

Scarves are also used as fashion accessories with evening gowns by draping them over the shoulders or arms; one example is the feather boa.

In religious or cultural use

The ecclesiastical scarf was originally a loose wrap or muffler (band) that was worn around the neck when out of doors. In the English Church, in post-Reformation times, the minister wore the scarf over the surplice, which was a broad band of black silk with fringed ends arranged like the stole around the neck but falling nearly to the feet. The scarf's use has been almost entirely replaced by that of the stole, with which it has sometimes been confused.

Several Christian denominations include a scarf known as a stole as part of their liturgical vestments. In the English Church, the scarf of colour made of black silk, which is twice the width of a stole, is worn around the neck of chaplains, doctors of religion, and other clergy. Mourners at funerals wear a black scarf made of silk or crape over the right shoulder. Scarves of coloured silk are worn on public occasions, and in the courts and lodges by members of many social orders, such as Foresters and Odd fellows.

In a procession organised by the Masonic Lodge, marshals wear a cocked hat, sword, and scarf. In the procession, the colour of the scarf is mandatorily blue for Subordinate Lodge and purple for the Grand Lodge.

In uniforms

Pilots of early aircraft wore white, silken scarves and knitted scarfs to keep oily smoke from the exhaust out of their mouths while flying. Pilots of closed-cockpit aircraft wore scarves to prevent neck chafing, especially by fighter pilots, who were constantly turning their heads from side to side, watching for enemy aircraft. Today, military flight crews wear scarves imprinted with unit insignia and emblems for esprit-de-corps and heritage reasons rather than practical purposes.

The dress code adopted by pilots and cabin crew has changed over time. In the early years of flying, aircraft pilots copied the pilots of World War I, and adopted silk scarves and gloves as part of their outfit of flying boots and leather bomber jackets. Modern commercial airline pilot's uniform has a nautical look. The flight attendant's uniform has also undergone substantial changes; many female uniforms include a scarf. The modern trend is to follow national traditions of dress. In this context, female cabin crew of Emirate Airlines wear a drape scarf. Thai Airways female cabin crew wear pink and purple silks with sashes; Fiji Airways female crew wear scarves with bula prints. Air Canada's dictum is; "Wear your scarf at all times".

Students in the United Kingdom and Ireland traditionally wear academic scarves with distinctive combinations of striped colours identifying their university or college. This scarf is made from Saxony wool and usually measures  in length, with a rectangular shape with tassels, and two or more coloured stripes.

Members of the Scouting movement wear a scarf-like neckerchief, which is sometimes referred to as a scarf, with a slide as part of their uniform. Scouting's founder Robert Baden-Powell introduced it in 1908. The scout could use the neckerchief if they  encountered someone with a bleeding injury or needed to make a splint, a sling, or a bandage. In some socialist countries, Young Pioneers wore a neckerchief called a red scarf.

In sport

At football matches, supporters wear scarves and shirts in club colours. Scarves have been worn in the UK since at least the early 1930s, when the phenomenon of scarves began in Britain. Scarf-wearing became common in 1970s. Team scarves in football matches represent fans' loyalty and are an insignia rather than a protective piece of clothing. They are usually about  long and  wide. Scarf sales are an important part of the football economy throughout Europe. In the late 1990s, coloured scarves have been traditional supporter wear for fans of association football (soccer) teams across the world, even those in warmer climates. These scarves come in a wide variety of sizes and are made in team colours, and designs may include:

 The club or team crest
 Pictures of renowned players
 Various slogans relating to the club's history and its rivalry with others

Initially, two-coloured scarves were called granny scarves because the players' grandmothers knitted them. At some clubs, supporters sometimes perform a "scarf wall" in which all supporters in a section of the stadium will stretch out their scarves above their heads, creating a wall of colour.

This scarf wall is usually accompanied by the singing of a club anthem, such as "You'll Never Walk Alone" at Liverpool F.C. matches, or national anthems such as "La Marseillaise" at France national football team matches. The socio-cultural anthropology of football is compared to a religious service by way of raising hands, singing the club's anthem, shouting slogans, jumping up, and whistling and clapping. By the end of the 19th century, in Britain, football had changed from an amateur game of the bourgeois into a professional, working-class sport, and later an international spectacle.

Under Aussie rules, the Australian Football League (AFL) commands the country's largest sport audiences. At matches, fans wear apparel including scarves, knitted hats, and shirts.

Manufacture
The knitting garments such as scarves is an important trade in some countries. Hand-knitted scarves are still common as gifts.

Printed scarves are offered internationally through high-fashion design houses, including Burberry, Missoni, Alexander McQueen, Cole Haan, Chanel, Etro, Lanvin, Louis Vuitton and Prada.

Hermès, which made its first scarf in 1937, has produced more than 2,000 designs. In 1937, Hermès designed a woodblock scarf made of Chinese silk that was worn by Queen Elizabeth II of England, American First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, and Grace Kelly.

The basic scarf shapes are square, triangular, and rectangular. The most common type is the square scarf, which can be folded to form a rectangular or triangular scarf. A sash is usually a long, narrow rectangle. The size of either can range from mini to maxi. The style of the garment with which the finished scarf is worn will make a difference, as will the way it is tied.

Gallery

See also
 Bandana
 Dupatta
 Headscarf
 Shawl
 Yellow Scarves Rebellion

References

19th-century fashion
20th-century fashion

Winter clothes

Scarf


Peter Senft  (* 21. März 1949 in Bremen) ist ein deutscher Politiker (SPD). Er war Mitglied der Bremischen Bürgerschaft.

Ausbildung und Beruf
Senft machte nach dem Abitur am Hermann-Böse-Gymnasium in Bremen von 1969 bis 1971 eine Banklehre bei der Dresdner Bank in Bremen und war dann dort als Bankkaufmann tätig. Von 1971 bis 1979 studierte er Rechtswissenschaften an der Universität Bremen. Von 1979 bis 1987 war er Rechtsanwalt beim Amtsgericht und Landgericht Bremen, später beim Oberlandesgericht Bremen. Von 1980 bis 1984 wurde er zugelassen bei der Law Society, London. Ab 1980 forschte er am Institute for Advanced Legal Studies in London und bis 1981 am Institute of Criminology und King`s College in Cambridge. 1981 bis 1984 war er DAAD Lektor (Dozent) für Deutsches Recht an der University of Surrey.

1985 wurde er in Bremen Landesgeschäftsführer, und von 1986 bis 1990 war er Bundesgeschäftsführer des Sozialverbandes Reichsbund in Bonn (heute SoVD).

Von 1991 bis 2005 war er Sekretär beim Vorstand der IG Metall, ab 1991 bei der Bezirksleitung Berlin-Brandenburg und ab 1995 im Berliner Büro und von 2002 bis 2005 bei der IG Metall Bezirksleitung Berlin-Brandenburg-Sachsen. Von Januar 2006 bis Dezember 2009 war er Referent für Arbeit und Soziales (Botschaftsrat) an der Deutschen Botschaft in Pretoria tätig. 2010 kehrte er zum Vorstand der IG Metall zurück und wurde in das Sekretariat des Europäischen Metallgewerkschaftsbundes (EMB) in Brüssel entsandt. Von November 2011 bis November 2015 war er Referent für Arbeit und Soziales (Botschaftsrat) an der Deutschen Botschaft in Kairo. Von 2012 bis 2015 war als Referent für Arbeit und Soziales (Botschaftsrat) an der Botschaft in Tunis nebenakkreditiert.

Von 1991 bis 2005 war Senft Ehrenamtlicher Richter am Landesarbeitsgericht Brandenburg in Potsdam. Seit 1971 ist er Gewerkschaftsmitglied und war bis 1991 in verschiedenen Funktionen ehrenamtlich tätig. Er war Jugendvertreter, Betriebsratsmitglied, Personalratsmitglied. An der Botschaft in Pretoria und an der Botschaft Kairo war er jeweils vier Jahre Personalratsvorsitzender.

Von 2001 bis 2005 war er Lehrbeauftragter an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin zum Thema Privatisierungspolitik der Treuhandanstalt in den Neuen Bundesländern aus Sicht der Gewerkschaften.

Seit Dezember 2015 ist er im Ruhestand. Zeitweise arbeitet er noch für IG Metall, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung und Nordmetall als Berater.

Senft ist verheiratet und hat zwei Kinder.

Politik
Senft wurde 1966 Mitglied in der SPD in Bremen und war Ortsvereinsvorsitzender, Juso-Unterbezirksvorsitzender Bremen und Mitglied im Juso-Landesvorstand Bremen. Seit 1980 ist er auch  Mitglied der Labour Party. Von 1986 bis 1990 war er im SPD-Bezirk Mittelrhein und im SPD-Ortsvereinsvorstand von Bad Godesberg-Nord. Seit 1991 bis heute übt er Funktionen in der Berliner SPD, u. a. als Kreisvorsitzender im Bezirk Zehlendorf und als stellvertretender Kreisvorsitzender im Bezirk Steglitz-Zehlendorf aus. Von 2002 bis 2005 war er als Vertreter des Landesverbandes Berlin Mitglied des Parteirates der Bundes-SPD.

Er war vom Dezember 1971 bis 1979 Mitglied der 8. und 9. Bremischen Bürgerschaft und wirkte in verschiedenen Deputationen und Ausschüssen der Bürgerschaft mit, so in den Deputationen für Rechtspflege und Strafvollzug, für Bildung und im Datenschutzausschuss. 1971 bis 1975 war er Vorsitzender des Anstaltsbeirates für den Jugendvollzug in Bremen und von 1975 bis 1979 Mitglied des Anstaltsbeirates für den Erwachsenenvollzug in Bremen.

Mitgliedschaften
Senft ist seit 1994 Mitglied des Vorstandes und seit 2003 Stellvertretender Vorsitzender im Förderkreis Kulturzentrum Haus am Lützowplatz, der die gleichnamige Galerie für zeitgenössische Kunst in Berlin betreibt.

Senft ist aktiv in der Evangelischen Kirche. Er war von 2000 bis 2005 Mitglied der Kreissynode Teltow-Zehlendorf der Evangelischen Kirche Berlin-Brandenburg-schlesische Oberlausitz. Seit 2017 ist er Mitglied des Gemeindekirchenrates (GKR) der Evangelischen Kirchengemeinde Berlin-Dahlem.

Im Martin-Niemöller-Haus-Verein, Erinnerungsort im Pfarrhaus von Martin Niemöller, ist er Mitglied im Programmbeirat.

Seit 2019 ist Senft stellvertretender Vorsitzender des Deutsch-Südafrikanischen-Forums (DeSaFor), Berlin.

Er ist Mitglied im Alumni Verein der Universität Bremen und im Vorstand der Weserbrücke, der Freunde der Bremer Landesvertretung in Berlin.

Quellen
 Norbert Korfmacher: Mitgliederverzeichnis der Bremischen Bürgerschaft 1946 bis 1996 (= Kommunalpolitik. Band 1). LIT, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-8258-3212-0.
 Biografie beim SPD-Landesverband Berlin von 2012.

Einzelnachweise

Mitglied der Bremischen Bürgerschaft (ab 1945)
Politiker (Berlin)
SPD-Mitglied
Deutscher
Mann
Geboren 1949

Peter Senft


NGC 7172 je spiralna galaktika u zviježđu Južnoj ribi. Skupa s galaktikama  NGC 7173, NGC 7174 i NGC 7176 tvori Hicksonovu kompaktnu skupinu HCG 90.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

  Hartmut Frommert: Revidirani Novi opći katalog
  Izvangalaktička baza podataka NASA-e i IPAC-a
  Astronomska baza podataka SIMBAD
   VizieR
 DSS-ova slika NGC 7172
  Auke Slotegraaf: NGC 7172 Deep Sky Observer's Companion
   DSO-tražilica
  Courtney Seligman: Objekti Novog općeg kataloga: NGC 7150 - 7199

7172

NGC 7172


Solène Paré (née à Québec en 1991) est une metteure en scène québécoise. Elle a fondé la compagnie de création Fantôme en 2017 et a été artiste en résidence à l'Espace Go de 2018 à 2021.

Biographie
Née à Québec en 1991, Solène Paré a terminé en 2013 un baccalauréat en études théâtrales à l'Université du Québec à Montréal et est diplômée depuis 2016 du programme de mise en scène de l'École nationale de théâtre du Canada(ENT), où elle a notamment travaillé le corpus théâtral de Heiner Müller. Dès sa sortie de l'École nationale de théâtre du Canada, on l'invite à occuper le poste d'artiste en résidence au théâtre Espace Go. Sa mise en scène de Quartett est portée à la scène en 2019, sur les planches de l'Espace Go, suivie d'un cycle américain qui comporta deux œuvres, Les Louves, de Sarah DeLappe (2019), ainsi que La Brèche (2021), de Naomi Wallace. L'auteure québécoise Fanny Britt signe la traduction des deux œuvres américaines. Elle fait son entrée à l'Opéra de Montréal en signant la mise en scène de La voix humaine + L'hiver attend beaucoup de moi. Solène Paré s'intéresse tant aux œuvres contemporaines qu'aux classiques et démontre un intérêt marqué pour les arts visuels et les études de genre, comme le démontrent ses plus récentes créations, qui interrogent notamment le social, les femmes et leur corps. Elle assume en parallèle à ses activités de mises en scène la codirectrice du  Festival du Jamais Lu, 2018.

Mises en scène
 2017 : La Cloche de verre, d'après Sylvia Plath, Théâtre Prospéro
 2019 : Quartett, de Heiner Müller, Espace Go
 2019 : Les Louves, de Sarah DeLappe, Espace Go
 2020 : La Voix humaine + L'hiver attend beaucoup de moi, Théâtre Maisonneuve de la Place des Arts
 2021 : La Brèche, de Naomi Wallace, Espace Go

Notes et références

Metteur en scène québécois
Personnalité québécoise liée au théâtre
Naissance en 1991
Naissance à Québec
Étudiant de l'École nationale de théâtre du Canada

Solène Paré


James Arthur Bennett (né en 1947) est un conservateur de musée à la retraite et historien des sciences.

Carrière

Jim Bennett fait ses études au Grosvenor High School, à Belfast, et au Clare College, à Cambridge, où il obtient un baccalauréat et un doctorat en 1969 et 1974. Il est directeur du Musée d'histoire des sciences de l'Université d'Oxford (rebaptisé depuis Musée d'histoire des sciences) . Il est nommé le  octobre 1994, à la retraite de l'ancien directeur, Francis Maddison  et prend sa retraite le 30 septembre 2012. Il est également membre de la Faculté d'histoire  et du Linacre College. En 2010, l'Université d'Oxford lui décerne le titre de professeur d'histoire des sciences. Auparavant, il est membre et tuteur principal du Churchill College et conservateur du Musée Whipple d'histoire des sciences, tous deux faisant partie de l'Université de Cambridge. Depuis 2016, il est président de la Hakluyt Society. Il occupe également le poste de Keeper Emeritus au Science Museum de Londres .

Il s'intéresse à l'histoire des mathématiques pratiques du  au  siècle, les instruments scientifiques et l'astronomie. Son travail à Cambridge comprend l'utilisation pratique d'instruments scientifiques et de navigation, l'utilisation de la collection Whipple pour enseigner aux étudiants de premier cycle le fonctionnement des instruments et la compréhension des difficultés rencontrées par les professeurs d'histoire de ces instruments.

Jim Bennett est président de la Société britannique d'histoire des sciences et président de la Commission des instruments scientifiques de l'Union internationale d'histoire et de philosophie des sciences . Il est également apparu dans des documentaires télévisés .

Publications

 Le cercle divisé : une histoire des instruments d'astronomie, de navigation et d'arpentage, Jim Bennett. Oxford, 1987.
 Église, État et astronomie en Irlande, 200 ans d'observatoire d'Armagh, Jim Bennett. Belfast, 1990.
 Le Jardin, l'Arche, la Tour, le Temple. Métaphores bibliques de la connaissance au début de l'Europe moderne , Jim Bennett et S. Mandelbrote. Oxford, 1998.
 Géométrie pratique et connaissances opérationnelles, Jim Bennett. Configurations, 6, 1998.
 Leonardo de Londres : La vie et l'œuvre de Robert Hooke, Jim Bennett, Michael Cooper, Michael Hunter et Lisa Jardine. Presse universitaire d'Oxford, 2003. .

Références

Liens externes

Historien des sciences
Historien britannique du XXe siècle
Conservateur britannique de musée
Étudiant de Clare College
Naissance en 1947

Jim Bennett (historien)


Nikola Széchy (Seč) (mađ. Széchy Miklós) (?, o. 1320. - ?, 1387.), ugarski velikaš te ban cijele Slavonije (totius Sclauoniae banus) (1344. – 1349.), hrvatski ban (1359. – 1366. i 1374. – 1380.) i slavonski ban (1366. – 1368. i 1372. – 1373.).

Bio je jedan od najznačajnijih pristaša kralja Ludovika I. Anžuvinca (1342. – 1382.) koji mu je dodijelio niz službi na teritoriju Hrvatske i Dalmacije te Slavonije. Nakon što je kralj Ludovik I. 1343. godine potvrdio privilegije nižem slavonskom plemstvu i slobodnjacima, poslao ga je tamo sa zadatkom da, kao "ban cijele Slavonije" provede kraljevu odluku. Kao "ban Hrvatske i Dalmacije" aktivno je sudjelovao u političkim i vojnim zbivanjima u Dalmaciji, gdje je izmirio plemstvo i pučanstvo grada Trogira, nakon bune pučana tijekom 1357. – 1358. godine.

U ratu između Ludovika I. i Mlečana, sudjelovao je 1378. godine, zajedno s flotom iz Genove, u pomorsko-kopnenoj bitki i pobjedi nad Mlečanima kraj Trogira.

Bilješke

Vanjske poveznice

 Széchy, Nikola - Hrvatska enciklopedija

Mađarsko plemstvo
Hrvatski banovi
Ugarski palatini

Nikola Széchy


Branislau Adamavici Tarașkevici (în , în grafia Łacinka: Branisłaŭ Taraškievič, în , în , în   ; ) a fost un politician și lingvist bielorus.

El a fost creatorul primei standardizări a limbii bieloruse moderne la începutul secolului al XX-lea. Standardul lingvistic a fost ulterior rusificat de către autoritățile sovietice. Cu toate acestea, versiunea prerusificată (clasică) a acestui standard a fost și încă este utilizată în mod activ de către intelectuali și diaspora belarusă și este denumită informal ca Taraškievica, după numele lui Branislau Tarașkevici.

Biografie
S-a născut în satul Mațiulișki (în ) din gubernia Vilna (în prezent în județul Vilnius din Lituania) într-o familie țărănească și a fost singurul copil al familiei care a avut parte de educație. A studiat la gimnaziul din Vilna (1906-1911), pe care l-a absolvit cu o medalie de argint. În 1916 a absolvit Facultatea de Istorie și Filologie a Universității din St. Petersburg. Sub îndrumarea lui A. A. Șahmatov și E. F. Karski a elaborat un standard gramatical bielorus. A lucrat ca profesor de greaca veche și de latină. El a tradus, printre altele, poemul epic polonez Pan Tadeusz în limba bielorusă, iar în 1969 un liceu în limba bielorusă din Bielsk Podlaski a primit numele lui.

În 1917 a fost unul dintre conducătorii organizației socialiste din Belarus. În 1918 a condus departamentul cultural și educațional al filialei Petrograd a Comisariatului Național Belarus (Belnațki) și a colaborat la redactarea ziarului Dzeannița. În 1919 a devenit profesor de bielorusă și greacă la Institutul Pedagogic din Minsk, iar un an mai târziu a fost numit șeful sectorului belarus al Ministerului Educației din Republica Lituaniei Centrale. După ce Belarusul de Vest a fost anexat de Polonia, Branislau Tarașkevici a devenit membru al Comitetului Electoral Central din Belarus, iar începând din 1921 director al gimnaziului din Vilnius. În anii 1920 Tarașkevici a fost, de asemenea, membru al lojilor masonice "Tomas Zan" din Vilna și "Pravda" din Varșovia.

Tarașkevici a fost deputat în Parlamentul Polonez (Sejm) în perioada 1922-1927, îndeplinind o perioadă (1922-1924) funcția de președinte al grupului parlamentar al deputaților bieloruși (Беларускі пасольскі клуб, Belaruski pasol'ski klub). În prima perioadă a activității parlamentare a avut o orientare polonofilă, deși a criticat de la tribuna Seimului politicile naționale și sociale ale guvernului polonez. În februarie 1924, împreună cu Radoslav Ostrovski și Aleksandr Vlasov, a participat la crearea parteneriatului belaruso-polonez (BOD) din Vilna, pentru care a fost înlăturat  din funcția de președinte al grupului parlamentar al deputaților bieloruși. După aceea, el s-a apropiat de aripa stângă a BOD. La 24 iunie 1925, împreună cu Semion Rak-Mihailovski, Pavel Voloșin și Piotr Metla, s-a retras din BOD și a fondat Uniunea Muncitorilor și Țăranilor Bieloruși. Având legături strânse cu conducătorii organizației clandestine a Partidului Comunist din Belarusul de Vest (KPZB), Tarașkevici a devenit în ianuarie 1926 membru al partidului și a participat la Congresul al III-lea al organizației.

În ianuarie 1927 a fost arestat de autoritățile poloneze, iar în mai 1928 a fost condamnat la 12 ani de închisoare. În mai 1930 Tarașkevici a fost eliberat din închisoare înainte de îndeplinirea termenului. A participat în mod activ la campania electorală a Partidului Comunist pentru Parlamentul Polonez și a condus comitetul electoral al Uniunii Muncitorilor și Țăranilor Bieloruși "Zmaganne". A locuit o perioadă în orașul liber Danzig (Gdansk). În februarie 1931 a fost arestat din nou de autoritățile poloneze, în timp ce încerca să treacă pe teritoriul polonez de la Danzig la Berlin. În noiembrie 1932 a fost condamnat la opt ani de închisoare.

În septembrie 1933 a fost trimis în Uniunea Sovietică în urma unui schimb de prizonieri politici între Polonia și URSS, în schimbul lui Franțișceak Aliahnovici, un jurnalist și dramaturg bielorus întemnițat în Gulag. A locuit la Moscova și a fost șeful departamentului Polonia și Statele Baltice al Institutului Agrar Internațional.

Tarașkevici a căzut victimă Marii Epurări de la sfârșitul anilor 1930. A fost arestat la 6 mai 1937 sub falsa acuzație că a organizat Centrul Naționalist Bielorus și a fost condamnat la 5 ianuarie 1938 la pedeapsa capitală cu o amânare de zece luni. A fost executat prin împușcare la 29 noiembrie 1938 la Kommunarka. Ulterior, la 26 ianuarie 1957, a fost reabilitat.

Note

Legături externe
 2 pages from original Belarusian grammar by Branislaw Tarashkevich

Nașteri în 1892
Decese în 1938
Politicieni bieloruși

Branislau Tarașkevici


An Phymatidium geiselii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Augusto Ruschi. An Phymatidium geiselii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Phymatidium, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Phymatidium

Phymatidium geiselii


19. etape af Vuelta a España 2018 gik fra Lleida til Andorra 14. september 2018.

Thibaut Pinot vandt etapen.

Etaperesultater

Samlet efter etapen

Samlede stilling

Pointkonkurrencen

Bjergkonkurrencen

Kombinationskonkurrencen

Holdkonkurrencen

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

19

19. etape af Vuelta a España 2018


Pruszcz é um município no norte da Polônia. Pertence à voivodia da Cujávia-Pomerânia, no condado de Świecie, na comuna de Pruszcz. A cidade é a sede da comuna de Pruszcz.

Estende-se por uma área de 7,05 km², com 2 798 habitantes, segundo o censo de 31 de dezembro de 2021, com uma densidade populacional de 396,8 hab./km².

Ligações externas

Municípios da Polónia
Cidades da Cujávia-Pomerânia

Pruszcz


Danilovgrad (Kiril:Даниловград) Orta Karadağ'da yer alan bir şehirdir. 2003 yılındaki nüfusu 5,300 kişidir. Şehir Zeta vadisinde kurulu olup belediye nüfusu 16,523 kişidir.

Tarih
Şehir 1.Nikola tarafından 1870 yılında Karadağ 'ın başkenti olması için kurulmuştur. Nikšić ve Podgorica şehirlerinin özgürlüğünü kazanmasıyla şehir önemini kaybetmiştir. Şehir ismini Prens Danilo'dan almıştır.

Etnik gruplar
2003 nüfus sayımı
 Karadağlı :%67,84
 Sırp  :%25,51

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi site
 Visit-Montenegro.com

Karadağ'daki şehirler

Danilovgrad


Karbonat, kimyada karbonik asidin bir tuzudur. Karbonat iyonu CO32- varlığında nitelendirilir. Aynı zamanda ismi karbonik asidin esteri manasına da gelebilir.

Jeoloji ve mineralojide karbonat terimi hem karbonat minerallerine, hem de karbonat taşlarına tekabül eder ve her ikisi de CO32- şeklinde ifade edilir.

Yapı ve bağ kurma
Karbonat iyonu, en basit şekliyle oksokarbon anyonudur. Bir karbon atomunu çevreleyen üç oksijenden oluşur. Karbonik asidin konjuge bazı olan bikarbonat iyonunun konjuge bazıdır.

Karbonat iyonunun Lewis yapısı negatif oksijen atomlarından doğan iki uzun tek bağa ve nötral oksijen atomundan doğan bir kısa çift bağa sahiptir.

Kaynakça

Karbonatlar
Oksianyonlar

Karbonat


Küp, Adana ilinin Aladağ ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Köy, bir küp içini andırması sebebiyle bu ismi almıştır.

Coğrafya
Adana iline 140 km, Aladağ ilçesine ise 40 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Yerelnet

Aladağ'ın mahalleleri

Küp, Aladağ