1 gauge, gauge 1 or gauge one is a  model railway and toy train standard that was popular in the early 20th century, particularly with European manufacturers. Its track measures , making it larger than 0 gauge but slightly smaller than wide gauge, which came to be the dominant U.S. standard during the 1920s.

Gauge one was standardised, according to Model Railways and Locomotive magazine of August 1909, at . An exact 1:32 scale would yield  for standard gauge prototype. The distance between the wheel tyres was set at  and between the centre of the track 48 mm (no inch equivalent suggesting it was metric users' requirement only). The wheel width was set at .

Definitions using gauge, rather than scale, were more common in the early days with the four gauges for which standards were adopted being No. 0 (commonly called O gauge currently), No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3.

Popularity
Initially as popular in the United States as in the UK, 1 gauge lost popularity in the U.S. due to World War I, which dramatically decreased foreign imports, allowing the U.S. wide gauge standard to gain traction. After World War I, most surviving U.S. manufacturers switched to wide gauge. In the UK and the rest of the world, 1 gauge also declined, although more slowly, and by the 1940s had practically disappeared.

In the 1950s and 1960s 1 gauge experienced a renaissance, first in the UK and then elsewhere. This was helped by 1 gauge being the same size as the modern G scale, a popular standard for outdoor model railways.

Scale
Although vintage 1 gauge trains use the same track standard as modern G scale, scale modeling was not a primary design consideration in 1 gauge's heyday, so the actual size and scale of the locomotives and cars (UK, wagons) varied. Generally, 1 gauge equipment works out to approximately 1:32 scale (roughly 10 mm = 1 foot). G scale at 1:22.5 means the 1 gauge track represents  track. Such railways are to be found in, among other places, Switzerland, the inspiration source for many commercial G gauge models.

Live steam
Due to the size of the locomotives it is possible for them to be powered with live steam, which to many is a large advantage as they are cheaper than traditional live steam garden railways. These are usually fired by gas or methylated spirit, which are both very popular. Another form, which is becoming popular, is coal, which gives the user the smell that only steam locomotives carry.

Manufacturers
Accucraft Trains in California, The Gauge One Model Railway Company in Britain, and Aster Hobbies Ltd in Japan produce gauge 1 items, mostly coal, methylated spirits, and butane fired.

Wrightway Rolling Stock produce a range of quality coaches for British outline gauge one railways and a range of cars for North American and European outline railways. They can supply from their range or custom build. Some of the range is available in 10 mm scale.

Märklin, in Germany, has produced several different lines of trains that can be considered 1 gauge.  Their first production took place in the late 1800s, with a line of "tinplate" type trains.  This line was discontinued in favour of their more popular 0 gauge trains.  In the late 1960s, Märklin re-entered the large scale market with a modest range of 1 gauge trains.  Based upon one drive mechanism made of metal, Märklin produced both a German Class 80 0-6-0T steam locomotive in two different liveries and a 0-Co-0 diesel based upon a Henschel design.  This early range included two-axle passenger cars, two-axle box cars and tank cars, all made of plastic.  The tank cars could hold liquids and the box car and passenger car had operating doors.  This range continued in production for a number of years, but was gradually replaced with more accurate locomotives and larger cars.  The range expanded to include a Class 38 4-6-0, a Class 78 4-6-4T and a Class 212 Bo-Bo diesel.  In the late 1980s the Märklin 1 gauge line included a large number of freight car designs in different liveries and a range of three axle passenger cars.  The earlier passenger cars and box cars were retained, while the tank cars were discontinued.

In the early 2000s, Märklin added a second line of gauge one trains under the brand name "Maxi".  These trains were made of stamped metal and were more toylike in appearance in comparison to their scale version of 1 gauge trains.  The Maxi line was intended to compete against the more popular LGB product line, which also operates on 45 mm gauged track, but is scaled to IIm standards.  As the Maxi line matured, the toylike shiny appearance gradually gave way to matte finishes.  This was in response to European market requests, while the toylike appearance was considered to be more popular in the North American market.  In later years, the Maxi product line was gradually folded into the conventional Märklin 1 gauge product line, with the mark "Maxi" disappearing around 2008.  One of the last locomotives marketed under the "Maxi" brand was a Class V60, which had a stamped metal frame and cast metal superstructure.  This locomotive is considered to be the end of the Maxi line.  The 1 gauge product line continues in production, super-detailed and more expensive than the Maxi line.

There are many producers of gauge one items in the U.S. and the UK; see the gauge one model railway association website listed below under "External links".

In popular culture
This is the scale and gauge that was used for the model locomotives and rolling stock in series 1 to 12 of Thomas & Friends before switching to CGI animation.

See also
 Rail transport modelling scales
 Bekonscot Model Village
 Garden railway
 Hara Model Railway Museum, a museum in Yokohama, Japan, with a 310 sq. metre 1 gauge layout

References

External links

The Gauge One Model Railway Association
1 Gauge Narrow Gauge Railway modeled using N Scale Track - Pete's Pumpkins
Accucraft Trains
The Gauge One Model Railway Company
Aster Hobbies Ltd
Bockholt
Märklin
REGNER
Kiss-modellbahnen
Wrightway Rolling Stock
An enthusiast's 1 Gauge railroad.
Friendsect Post

Model railroad scales

1 gauge


Die Canada Open 2007 im Badminton fanden vom 4. bis zum 8. September 2007 statt.

Sieger und Platzierte

Weblinks
 http://tournamentsoftware.com/sport/tournament.aspx?id=6A3468E1-1F8B-4B36-83E1-9BA5AD6624C6

2007
Badminton 2007

Canadian Open 2007


Phragmites mauritianus er tegund strandreyrs sem vex í hitabeltinu: Afríku og vestur Indlandshafi. Hann verður 2 til 8 metrar á hæð.

Myndir

Tilvísanir

Ytri tenglar
Plants Of the World Online

Grasaætt

Phragmites mauritianus


Lindakrækja (fræðiheiti: Scorpidium cossonii) er mosategund af rytjamosaætt. Lindakrækja finnst víða á Íslandi. Hún vex við ferskvatn - við uppsrettur, læki, tjarnir, vötn, áreyrar og í mýrum.

Lindakrækja er sérbýla planta og engar plöntur hafa fundist með gróhirslum á Íslandi.

Tilvísanir

Mosar
Rytjamosaætt

Lindakrækja


Le HMS Marshal Ney est un monitor de classe Marshal Ney de la Royal Navy.

Histoire
Affecté à la Dover Patrol, le Marshal Ney sert avec son sister-ship .

À la suite de ses mauvais essais en mer et de ses mauvaises performances opérationnelles continues au large des côtes belges, on décide de retirer le canon de marine de 15 pouces BL Mark I et de le placer dans la coque d'un nouveau monitor. Sa tourelle de 15 pouces est retirée à Elswick en . La tourelle est ensuite expédiée à Belfast et installée sur le . Le Terror va bientôt se lancer et rejoindre la Dover Patrol avec son sister-ship, l'.

Le Marshal Ney est ensuite réarmé avec un seul canon de marine de 9,2 pouces BL Mk VIII et quatre canons de 6 pouces, qui viennent tous du . Cependant, pendant un autre radoub en 1916 à 1917, le canon de 9,2 pouces est retiré pour être utilisé à terre en France. À la place du gros canon, son armement de 6 pouces passe à six canons de marine de 6 pouces BL Mk XI retirés de l'.

Après son radoub, le Ney est relégué au service de garde amarré aux Downs. Il s'engage contre des destroyers allemands lors d'un raid sur Ramsgate en .

En 1919, le Marshal Ney sert de navire de casernement à Queenborough, avant d'être désarmé et de devenir un navire de dépôt à Fort Blockhouse à partir de 1920. Rebaptisé Vivid en , il sert ensuite de navire d'hébergement pour la section d'entraînement des chauffeurs à Devonport, où il reste jusqu'en 1957. Il est de nouveau rebaptisé Drake en  et Alaunia II en 1947.

Il arrive au chantier de Thos. W. Ward à Milford Haven le  pour le démantèlement.

Notes et références

Bibliographie

Monitor de la Royal Navy de la Première Guerre mondiale
Navire construit à Newcastle upon Tyne
Bateau lancé en 1915
Navire démoli en 1957

HMS Marshal Ney


Pleione, biljni rod iz porodice kaćunovki smješten u podtribus Coelogyninae, dio tribusa Arethuseae.

Postoji 24 vrste (bez hibrida) raširenih od Himalaja do središnje Kine i Indokine.

Vrste

 Pleione albiflora P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang
 Pleione arunachalensis Hareesh, P.Kumar & M.Sabu
 Pleione aurita P.J.Cribb & H.Pfennig
 Pleione autumnalis S.C.Chen & G.H.Zhu
 Pleione × baoshanensis W.Zhang & S.B.Zhang
 Pleione bulbocodioides (Franch.) Rolfe
 Pleione × christianii Perner
 Pleione chunii C.L.Tso
 Pleione × confusa P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang
 Pleione coronaria P.J.Cribb & C.Z.Tang
 Pleione dilamellata Z.J.Liu, O.Gruss & L.J.Chen
 Pleione formosana Hayata
 Pleione forrestii Schltr.
 Pleione grandiflora (Rolfe) Rolfe
 Pleione hookeriana (Lindl.) Rollisson
 Pleione humilis (Sm.) D.Don
 Pleione jinhuana Z.J.Liu, M.T.Jiang & S.R.Lan
 Pleione kaatiae P.H.Peeters
 Pleione × kingdonwardii P.J.Cribb & Butterf.
 Pleione × kohlsii Braem
 Pleione × lagenaria Lindl. & Paxton
 Pleione limprichtii Schltr.
 Pleione maculata (Lindl.) Lindl. & Paxton
 Pleione × maoershanensis W.Zhang & S.B.Zhang
 Pleione microphylla S.C.Chen & Z.H.Tsi
 Pleione pleionoides (Kraenzl.) Braem & H.Mohr
 Pleione praecox (Sm.) D.Don
 Pleione saxicola Tang & F.T.Wang ex S.C.Chen
 Pleione scopulorum W.W.Sm.
 Pleione × taliensis P.J.Cribb & Butterf.
 Pleione vietnamensis Aver. & P.J.Cribb
 Pleione yunnanensis (Rolfe) Rolfe

Sinonimi
 Gomphostylis Wall. ex Lindl.

Izvori

Arethuseae

Pleione


LOL <(^^,)> je studijski album švedskog glazbenika Basshuntera. Album je 28. kolovoza 2006. godine objavila diskografska kuća Warner Music Sweden.

Popis pjesama

Top ljestvice i certifikati

Top ljestvice

Certifikati

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena stranica

Albumi iz 2006.
Albumi Basshuntera

LOL (^^,)


Papilio mechowianus, aussi appelé Papilio mechowiana, est une espèce de lépidoptères (papillons) de la famille des Papilionidae. Cette espèce est présente en Afrique subsaharienne, Angola (nord), République démocratique du Congo, République centrafricaine, peut-être Soudan.

Description
Le dimorphisme sexuel est faible. À l'avers les ailes sont marron foncé. Les ailes antérieures portent une bande assez large de couleur crème, dentelée sur un côté, et de petites macules marginales de même couleur, dont une à l'apex. Les ailes postérieures sont arrondies, sans queues. Elles portent une bande crème dans le prolongement de celle des ailes antérieures et des petites macules marginales.

Au revers les ailes sont marron, plus clair qu'à l'avers. Les motifs sont similaires, mais les ailes postérieures sont orangées à la base, les veines sont noires et il y a des traits noirs dans les espaces interveineux. Le corps est noir avec des macules blanches.

Écologie
L'écologie de cette espèce est mal connue. La plante-hôte n'a pas été identifiée. Comme chez les autres espèce de Papilio les chenilles passent probablement par cinq stades avant de se changer en chrysalide, et la chrysalide est fixée à son support par son crémaster et par une ceinture de soie.

Habitat et répartition
Papilio mechowianus est présent dans l'écozone afrotropicale : Angola (nord), République démocratique du Congo, République centrafricaine, peut-être Soudan.

Systématique
L'espèce Papilio mechowianus a été décrite pour la première fois en 1885 par l'entomologiste allemand  (1848-1890) dans Entomologische Nachrichten sous le nom Papilio cyproeofila var. mechowiana. L'espèce appartient au groupe de Papilio zenobia, composé d'une dizaine de Papilio africains.

Papilio mechowianus et l'Humaine

Nom vernaculaire
Cette espèce est appelé Fused Sash en anglais.

Menaces et conservation
Papilio mechowianus n'est pas évalué par l'UICN.

Liens externes

Notes et références

Papilionidae
Lépidoptère d'Afrique
Lépidoptère décrit au XIXe siècle
Faune d'Afrique centrale

Papilio mechowianus


Die DDR-Handballmeisterschaft der Frauen wurde mit der Saison 1975/76 zum 26. Mal ausgetragen. Der SC Leipzig verteidigte aufgrund des besseren Torverhältnisses gegenüber dem punktgleichen TSC Berlin seinen Titel aus dem Vorjahr erfolgreich und errang seinen elften Titel insgesamt.Die beiden Letzten der DDR-Oberliga spielten mit den Staffelsiegern der DDR-Liga Nord und Süd in einer Relegationsrunde um zwei Startplätze für die Oberliga-Saison 1976/77. Durch den letzten Platz in der Relegation, musste die HSG DHfK Leipzig nach drei Jahren das Oberhaus verlassen. Ihren Platz nahm zur neuen Saison der ASK Vorwärts Frankfurt/O. ein.Torschützenkönigin wurde Kristina Richter vom Vizemeister TSC Berlin mit 109 Toren.

Literatur

Weblinks

1975
Handballsaison 1975/76

Handball-DDR-Oberliga (Frauen) 1975/76


Le point de Lanz, du nom du chirurgien qui l'a décrit Otto Lanz, est un point anatomique situé sur le tiers externe droit de la ligne reliant les deux épines iliaques antéro-supérieures.

Ce point constitue l'une des variations topographiques de l'appendice vermiforme.

Notes et références

Anatomie du système digestif

Point de Lanz


Cyrtosperma, biljni rod iz porodice kozlačevki smješten u potporodicu Lasioideae. Postoji 12 vrsta rasprostranjenih od malajskogh poluotoka, Sumatre i Jave na istok do zapadnopacifičkih otoka

Vrste ovog roda su helofiti koji mogu narasti od srednje do gigantske veličine s puzavim debelim rizomima i bodljikavim peteljkama

Vrste
 Cyrtosperma beccarianum A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma bougainvillense A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma brassii A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma carrii A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma cuspidispathum Alderw.
 Cyrtosperma giganteum Engl.
 Cyrtosperma gressittiorum A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma hambalii A.Dearden & A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma johnstonii (W.Bull ex T.Moore & Mast.) N.E.Br.
 Cyrtosperma kokodense A.Hay
 Cyrtosperma macrotum Becc. ex Engl.
 Cyrtosperma merkusii (Hassk.) Schott

Sinonimi
 Arisacontis Schott

Izvori

Lasioideae

Cyrtosperma


Pietro Galatino est un théologien et orientaliste italien.

Biographie
Ainsi nommé du lieu de sa naissance, petite ville de la Pouille, il était d'une famille pauvre et obscure. Son goût pour l'étude ayant décidé sa vocation, il embrassa jeune la règle de saint François l'Ordre des Frères mineurs. Il se trouvait, en 1480, dans Otrante, assiégée par les Turcs, et il fut témoin du sac de cette malheureuse ville. Envoyé par ses supérieurs à Rome, il s'y perfectionna dans la connaissance du grec, et fit de grands progrès dans les langues orientales. Ses talents le firent choisir pour enseigner la théologie et la philosophie à ses jeunes confrères. Il remplit quelque temps la place de lecteur au couvent de l'Aracoeli. À son retour dans le Royaume de Naples, il fut élu définiteur de la province de Bari ; bientôt après il fut appelé à Rome par le pape Léon X qui le nomma son pénitencier et lui donna, dans diverses circonstances, des marques particulières de son estime. Le P. Galatino était encore à Rome, en 1539 ; mais, comme il devait avoir alors près de quatre-vingts ans, on peut conjecturer qu'il ne prolongea pas beaucoup au-delà sa carrière.

Œuvres
On ne connaît de lui que l'ouvrage suivant : Opus de arcanis catholicæ veritatis ; hoc est commentarius in loca difficiliora Veteris Testamenti ex libris hebræis, Ortona, 1518, in-fol. de 312 f. Cette première édition est très-rare ; elle a été décrite dans la Bibliothèque curieuse, IX, 26, par David Clément qui donne en outre la liste des éditions subséquentes avec des remarques pleines d'intérêt. Galatino, dans cet ouvrage, se propose de réfuter les objections des rabbins contre la vérité du christianisme. On lui a beaucoup reproché d'avoir emprunté plusieurs de ses arguments au traité de Porchetus de Salvaticis : Victoria adversus Judæos, sans avoir cité la source où il puisait. Mais l'ouvrage de Porchetus n'ayant été imprimé que deux ans après la publication de l'Opus de arcanis, Galatino pouvait très-bien n'en pas avoir eu connaissance ; d'ailleurs Porchetus lui-même a pris toute son érudition rabbinique dans le Pugio Fidei de Raimond Martin ou Martinez, dominicain espagnol. Galatino sans doute a dû profiter du travail de ses devanciers ; mais il l'a beaucoup amélioré ; il a présenté leurs arguments dans un ordre plus méthodique, les a fortifiés de nouvelles preuves, et en a donné plusieurs qu'il ne devait qu'à ses propres méditations. À sa mort, Galatino laissa dans son couvent à Rome quinze volumes in-fol. d'ouvrages manuscrits qui, depuis, ont été transportés à la Bibliothèque apostolique vaticane. Le P. Wadding en a transcrit les titres dans les Scriptores ordin. minor., 279-82.

Notes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Orientaliste italien
Naissance à Galatina

Pietro Colonna Galatino


Talviyö (Finnois pour "Nuit d'Hiver") est le 10ème album studio du groupe power metal finlandais Sonata Arctica, sorti le 6 septembre 2019 sur le label Nuclear Blast.

Liste des pistes

Notes et références

Album de Sonata Arctica
Album musical sorti en 2019

Talviyö


În agricultură, o grapă este o unealtă pentru afânarea și netezirea suprafeței solului. Grapa mai grosieră poate fi utilizată pentru a elimina buruienile și pentru a acoperi semințele după semănat.

Plinius cel Bătrân și alți istorici agronomi din aceiași epocă (Cato cel Bătrân, Columella, Palladius) menționează deja grapa.

Există patru tipuri generale de grape: grape cu discuri, grape cu dinți, grape cu lanț și grape cu discuri. Grapele au fost inițial trase de animale, precum cai, catâri sau boi, sau în unele locuri și de muncitori necalificați. În practica modernă ele sunt aproape întotdeauna utilaje montate pe tractor, fie tractate după tractor cu o bară de tracțiune sau montate ca .

Referințe

Legături externe

Harrows from the 11th-16th centuries

Unelte agricole
Unelte de grădinărit
Heraldică

Grapă (unealtă)


São Miguel do Outeiro Portekiz'de Tondela belediyesine bağlı olan, 10,38 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 969 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Tondela

São Miguel do Outeiro


Introduction
Les ondes cérébrales (alpha, beta, theta, delta) sont des manifestations de l'activité du cerveau pendant les différents stades de sommeil-éveil et sont observables grâce à un électroencéphalogramme (EEG). Pendant le sommeil, l'homme passe par 5 stades. D'abord, le stade 1 (N1), l'endormissement, est caractérisé principalement des ondes alpha. Le stade 2 (N2), le sommeil léger, est caractérisé par des ondes thêta. Les stades 3 et 4 (N3 et 4), le sommeil profond, sont principalement définis par l'émission des ondes delta et s'accompagnent d'une activité  neuronale faible, un tonus musculaire et d'un ralentissement des signes vitaux. De plus, le sommeil profond a une fonction réparatrice pour l'organisme et joue un rôle essentiel dans la fonction cognitive. La privation partielle ou chronique du sommeil engendre un mauvais cycle circadien et augmente le risque de la maladie d'Alzheimer. Enfin lors du stade 5 (N5), le sommeil paradoxal, dédié aux rêves intenses, le cerveau émet des ondes proches des ondes de l'état éveil soit les ondes bêta. Les caractéristiques de cette dernière phase de sommeil sont des mouvements oculaires rapides (REM), une abolition du tonus musculaire et un renforcement de la mémoire et de l'apprentissage. Les autres phases que celles-ci ne sont pas caractérisées par des REM (NREM) et ne comportent pas de régulation de température. Ces stades sont répétés plusieurs fois dans une nuit.

La régulation du sommeil fait appel à trois processus pour bien fonctionner : le cycle circadien, ultradien et à l'homéostasie. Le sommeil est atteint à la suite d'une stimulation de l'hypothalamus par une "hormone du sommeil": la mélatonine. En effet, la rétine envoie un message à l'hypothalamus dans le lobe postérieur du cerveau, lorsqu'il fait sombre. Celui-ci relaie le message à la glande pinéale qui sécrète la mélatonine indiquant au cerveau qu'il doit se mettre en veille pour débuter le sommeil.

Ainsi, la régulation du sommeil est une partie essentielle du cycle circadien (24 heures) et homéostatique de l'humain puisqu'il permet au cerveau de gérer les informations de se débarrasser des déchets accumulés lors de la journée.

L'alcool
L'alcool est une substance psychoactive largement consommée dans le monde. Selon l'organisation mondiale de la santé, en 2016, 2,3 milliards de personnes âgées de 15 ans et plus consommaient de l'alcool. La consommation moyenne par personne est relativement stable depuis 2010 et c'est en Europe qu'on consomme le plus d'alcool par personne dans le monde. C'est d'ailleurs la substance la plus consommée au Québec et au Canada: en 2017-2018 une étude a révélé que 76 % des Canadiens et 81 % des Québécois de 12 ans et plus auraient consommé de l'alcool au moins une fois au cours des 12 derniers mois. La majorité des québécois consomment de l'alcool pour les effets que la substance a sur leur corps.

Avant d'être métabolisé par le foie, l'alcool est d'abord diffusé dans le sang et parcourt l'ensemble du réseau sanguin, affectant de nombreux organes dont le cerveau de manière rapide. Les répercussions de la présence d'éthanol dans le sang se traduisent en général par un effet dépresseur interagissant à plusieurs niveaux sur différents centres de régulations et neurotransmetteurs. Le noyau suprachiasmatique de l'hypothalamus est central dans la régulation de l'horloge endogène, il est donc évident que son affection cause des désynchronisations de l'horloge.

Globalement, les effets de la consommation d'alcool se traduisent par une augmentation de la phase NREM (N1 et N2) et une augmentation de la phase REM. L'alcoolémie diminuant graduellement, on observe une augmentation du sommeil paradoxal ce qui mène à l'augmentation de la fréquence de réveil et une diminution de l'efficacité du sommeil. Ces effets, s'apparentant à un délai de phase ou un changement dans les habitudes du sommeil, peuvent se manifester dans la phase du réveil et dans la journée subséquente dû à un manque et à une fragmentation du sommeil. Ceux-ci mènent généralement à une mauvaise consolidation de la mémoire.

D'un point de vue hormonal, la présence d'alcool dans le sang lors du sommeil serait possiblement inhibitrice de nombreuses hormones pituitaires comme l'hormone de croissance GH et la mélatonine, et provoquerait aussi une augmentation de la sécrétion de cortisol. Des changements dans la sécrétion de ces hormones peuvent mener à des troubles comme la dépression. Il existe une corrélation positive entre les habitudes de consommation et les conséquences de la prise d'alcool sur la qualité du sommeil.

Outre cela, on observe une exacerbation des troubles du sommeil lors de la consommation d'alcool, tels que l'insomnie et l'apnée du sommeil. L'alcool aurait aussi pour effet de diminuer la saturation d'oxygène dans le sang ce qui entraîne, entre autres, une mauvaise oxygénation du cerveau. La relaxation des muscles respiratoires peut mener à de plus grandes pauses dans la respiration chez l'homme affecté par l'apnée obstructive.

En bref, la consommation d'alcool a de nombreux effets sur le sommeil ce qui cause, de façon générale, une augmentation de la morbidité ce qui diminue l'espérance de vie.

Le cannabis
Le cannabis est souvent utilisé à des fins récréatives, mais peut aussi être utilisée à des fins thérapeutiques : elle permet de réduire les douleurs, l'anxiété, les nausées, augmente l'appétit, etc. Le composé psychoactif le plus important est le THC. Les composés cannabinoïdes peuvent être exogènes ou endogènes. Les cannabinoïdes endogènes ont comme rôle la régulation de l'énergie et de l'alimentation. Il existe deux types de récepteurs auxquels les cannabinoïdes peuvent se lier : les récepteurs de type 1 (CB1), principalement dans le système nerveux central, et les récepteurs de type 2 (CB2), principalement retrouvés dans le système nerveux périphérique. Les effets de cette substance se font sentir lorsque le THC se lie à ces récepteurs.

La consommation de cannabis à répétition peut créer des effets de tolérance à la drogue, nécessitant une dose de plus en plus forte pour atteindre le même effet, et de sevrage, créant une sensation de manque contribuant à l'établissement d'une dépendance à la substance. Ceci est dû à une altération des systèmes de neurotransmetteurs dans le système nerveux central, qui sont aussi impliqués dans le cycle du sommeil. Il y a donc une association fréquente entre consommation de cannabis et troubles du sommeil. La dopamine est un neurotransmetteur essentiel à l'homéostasie du fonctionnement cérébral. Elle joue un rôle dans la régulation de sécrétion de mélatonine et de sérotonine par la glande pinéale et donc dans le contrôle du cycle éveil/sommeil, malgré des résultats contradictoires quant aux mécanismes exacts en présence de THC.

La majorité des personnes consommant du cannabis relatent une apparition plus précoce du sommeil. Toutefois, les études polysomnographiques ne relèvent pas de changement dans cet aspect, ou seulement en cas de fortes doses, avec plutôt un délai plus long pour s'endormir. Il y aurait donc une forme de perception altérée, similaire à celle observée chez les personnes dépendantes à l'alcool concernant l'insomnie.

D'autre part, il a été montré que les cannabinoïdes pourraient avoir des effets bénéfiques sur le sommeil. Par exemple, une étude sur un modèle de rats souffrant d'apnées nocturnes a mesuré l'effet de cannabinoïdes endogène (oleamide) et exogène (∆9THC) sur la régulation de la stabilité respiratoire pendant le sommeil. La fréquence des apnées du sommeil est diminuée en présence de ces deux substances et ce, pendant toutes les phases de sommeil. Malgré une absence de caractérisation directe des mécanismes moléculaires mis en jeu, les auteurs suggèrent que les cannabinoïdes devraient être considérés dans le traitement de maladies respiratoires liées au sommeil chez l'homme.

Notes et références

Rythme circadien

Effets des drogues sur le cycle du sommeil chez l’homme


PI3K/AKT/mTOR සඥා පථය  සෛලීය-පෙර-සැකසුම් මරණය (programmed cell death; PCD) සහ එනිසාම පිලිකා වලදීද වැදගත් වන අන්තහ්-සෛලීය සඥා පථයකි.සෛල වර්ධනය සම්බන්දයෙන්ද ප්‍රෝටීන් සංශ්ලේෂනයේදීද ප්‍රධාන කාර්යභාරයක් මෙම සඥා පථය ඉටු කරයි. මෙම සංඥා පතය සක්‍රිය කිරීම සම්බන්දයෙන් මූලික භූමිකාවක් හිමිව ඇත්තේ IGFI වර්ධක හෝමෝනයටය. ඩ්‍රොසෆිලා මෙලනොගැස්ටර් (Drosophila melanogaster) හෙවත් පලතුරු මැස්සා යොදාගෙන කරන ලද ජාන පර්යේශණ මෙම සංඥා පථයේ පසු-පෙල කියාකාරී අණු හඳුනා ගැනීමේදී විශාල වශයෙන් උපකාරී වී තිබේ. AKT හෙවත් ප්‍රෝටීන් කයිනේස් බී (protein kinase B) මේ සංඥා පථයේ සුවිශේෂී අනුවකි.  AKT 1,  AKT 2 , Akt 3 යනුවෙන් සමජාත ප්‍රෝටීන 3ක් මැමේලියාවන්ගේ දැකිය හැකිය. AKT අධි ප්‍රකාශනයට (over expressed) පත් කල මීයන්ගේ වර්ධනය සහ ප්‍රමාණය සාමාන්‍ය මීයන්ට වඩා සුවිශේෂී ලෙස වැඩිය. අනෙක් අතට AKT ජානය මැඬ පැවැත්වූ හෝ නිහඬ කල මීයන් අව වර්ධිත ලක්ෂණ පෙන්වයි. AKTජාන ප්‍රකාශනයේ සුවිශේෂී වැඩිවීමක් පිලිකාවල දැකිය හැකි අතර පිලිකා සෛල පාලනයකින් තොරව වර්ධනයට  AKT ගේ දායකත්වයක් ඇති බව විශ්වාස කෙරේ. සංඥා පථයේ මුලික ගලායාම IGFI/PI3K/AKT/TSC1-TSC2/RHEB/mTORC1 ලෙස හඳුනාගෙන තිබේ. mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) ප්‍රෝටීන සංකීර්ණය කොටස් දෙකකට බෙදෙයි. mTORC1 යනුවෙන් හඳුන්වන රැප්ටර් (raptor)  නැමැති ප්‍රෝටීනය අඩංගු mTORC1 සංකීර්ණය පමණි මෙම සංඥා පතයෙන්  සක්‍රිය කරනු ලබන්නේ. mTORC1 ක්‍රියාකාරීත්වය රැපාමයිසින් (rapamycin) නැමැති ප්‍රතිශක්ති-ප්‍රතිචාර මර්ධනය කරන ඖෂධයකින් නිෂේධනය කෙරේ.

PI3K/AKT/mTOR සඥා පථය


Pamela Reif (Karlsruhe, 1996.) njemački je model i glumica. Popularnost je stekla objavama svojih fotografija na društvenim mrežama te je autorica jedne knjige o zdravom životu i prehrani.

Životopis
Rođena je u Karlsruheu kao kći Manuele Reif. Ima brata Dennisa. Reif je napisala maturu s prosjekom 1,0. U lipnju 2012. otvorila je Instagram profil i od tada objavljuje fotogafije i videozapise vezane uz prehranu i vježbe za tijelo. Na Instagramu ima više milijuna pratitelja.

2017. godine u izdanju Community Editionsa objavljuje svoju prvu knjigu Strong & Beautiful, koja sadrži savjete o zdravoj prehrani, lifestyleu i fitnessu.

Njemački PlaceToB joj je dodijelio nagradu za fitness influencera godine.

Privatni život
Od siječnja 2017. u vezi je s njemačkim nogometašem Lorisom Kariusom.

Knjige
Strong & Beautiful (2017.)

Filmografija
Talk show Markusa Lanza kao Pamela Reif (2008.)
Bruder vor Luder kao Pamela (2015.)

Izvori

Životopisi, Njemačka
Modeli

Pamela Reif


Jacqueline Briggs Martin é uma autora americana de literatura infantil e professora de escrita criativa. Os seus livros receberam vários prémios, incluindo a Medalha Caldecott (1999), Golden Kite Award, Lupin Award (1996, 1998, 2003), Award for Excellence in Children's Literature da Sterling North Society e o Green Earth Award (2018). Ela leccionou no Cornell College, na Universidade de Iowa, no The Loft Literary Center, e é professora na Universidade Hamline .

Martin passou a sua infância numa fazenda de gado leiteiro no Maine . Ela actualmente vive em Mount Vernon, Iowa .

Trabalhos seleccionados

 Creekfinding: A True Story
 Chef Roy Choi and the Street Food Remix
 Alice Waters and the Trip to Delicious
 Farmer Will Allen and the Growing Table
 The Chiru of High Tibet
 Chicken Joy on Redbean Road
 Banjo Granny
 On Sand Island
 The Finest Horse in Town
 The Water Gift and The Pig of the Pig
 The Lamp, the Ice, and the Boat Called Fish: Based on a True Story
 Snowflake Bentley
 Grandmother Bryant's Pocket
 Good Times on Grandfather Mountain
 Button, Bucket, Sky
 Chef Roy Choi and the Street Food Re-mix
 Creekfinding: A True Story

Pessoas vivas
Autores de literatura infantojuvenil dos Estados Unidos
Professores dos Estados Unidos

Jacqueline Briggs Martin


Valdemarsdagen i Holbæk og Vordingborg, (Ringsted) 1 er en film med ukendt instruktør.

Handling
Opstilling foran stor bygning (Politistation i dag). Pan over Holbæk. Flagsmykkede gader. Foran Østrup Rasmussens herreekvipering. Allegade. Havneområdet ved Holbæk. Folkefest i Vordingborg: Mange mennesker forsamlet foran Gåsetårnet. Spejdere hejser flag. Ringsted: Soldater opstillet foran bygning. (Skt. Bendts gades torv?) Der ventes på kongeparret. Filmfotograf er gået i stilling. Kongeparret ankommer i bil "Krone 2". Kong Christian X inspicerer soldater og hilser på fremmødte.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1919
Dokumentariske optagelser
Stumfilm fra Danmark
Kultur i Holbæk
Kultur i Vordingborg


Estadio Municipal Doctor Mario Sobrero Uruguay'ın Rocha şehrinde 1955 yılında çok amaçlı olarak inşa edilen bir stadyum

Çoğunlukla futbol müsabakalarının yapıldığı stadyum, 8.000 seyirci kapasitelidir.

Uruguay'daki stadyumlar

Doktor Mario Sobrero Belediye Stadyumu


Endrosa este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Arctiidae.

Specii

 Endrosa abundata
 Endrosa alpestris
 Endrosa artericaeformis
 Endrosa atrophila
 Endrosa aurita
 Endrosa baltica
 Endrosa brunnea
 Endrosa catherinei
 Endrosa compluta
 Endrosa complutoides
 Endrosa fasciata
 Endrosa fuliginosa
 Endrosa fumosa
 Endrosa imbuta
 Endrosa intermedia
 Endrosa irrorella
 Endrosa kuhlweini
 Endrosa melanomos
 Endrosa modesta
 Endrosa mutans
 Endrosa obliterata
 Endrosa pallens
 Endrosa pallida
 Endrosa pseudoaurita
 Endrosa pseudoramosa
 Endrosa radiata
 Endrosa ramosa
 Endrosa roscida
 Endrosa roscidella
 Endrosa rubeni
 Endrosa sagittata
 Endrosa striata
 Endrosa subalpina
 Endrosa sulphurea
 Endrosa tecticola
 Endrosa teriolensis
 Endrosa transiens
 Endrosa tristis

Referințe

Legături externe

Endrosa

Endrosa


මෙය අප්‍රිකාවේ ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යයන් සහ යැපෙන භූමි ප්‍රදේශ ලැයිස්තුවකි . එයට සම්පුර්ණයෙන්ම පිළිගත් රාජ්‍යයන්, සීමිත හෝ ශුන්‍ය පිළිගැනීමක් සහිත රාජ්‍යයන් සහ අප්‍රිකානු සහ අප්‍රිකානු නොවන රාජ්‍යයන් දෙකෙහිම යැපෙන ප්‍රදේශ ඇතුළත් වේ. එය ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යයන් 56ක් (එයින් 54ක් එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සාමාජික රටවල් වේ), අප්‍රිකානු නොවන ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යවල (යැපෙන) ප්‍රදේශ දෙකක් සහ අප්‍රිකානු ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යවල උප-ජාතික කලාප නවයක් ලැයිස්තුගත කරයි. මෝල්ටාව සහ ප්‍රංශය, ඉතාලිය, පෘතුගාලය සහ ස්පාඤ්ඤයේ කොටස් අප්‍රිකානු මහාද්වීපික තලයේ පිහිටා ඇත, සමහර ඒවා යුරෝපීය ප්‍රධාන භූමියට වඩා අප්‍රිකානු ප්‍රධාන භූමියට සැලකිය යුතු තරම් සමීප නමුත් දේශපාලනික වශයෙන් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් සම්මුතියෙන් යුරෝපීය ලෙස සැලකේ. ඊජිප්තුව, සීනායි අර්ධද්වීපය හරහා ආසියාව දක්වා විහිදුණත්, අප්‍රිකානු රාජ්‍යයක් ලෙස සැලකේ.

ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යයන්

පිළිගත් රාජ්‍යයන්
පහත දැක්වෙන සම්පුර්ණයෙන්ම පිළිගත් රාජ්‍ය 54, එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ  සහ අප්‍රිකානු සංගමයේ සාමාජිකයන් වේ.

සීමිත හෝ ජාත්‍යන්තර පිළිගැනීමක් නොමැති රාජ්‍යයන්
පහත සඳහන් ආයතන දෙක තමන් ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යයන් ලෙස ප්‍රකාශ කර ඇති අතර යම් භූමි ප්‍රදේශයක පාලනයේ පවතින නමුත් අනෙකුත් රාජ්‍ය වලින් සීමිත හෝ පිළිගැනීමක් නොමැත. සහරාවි අරාබි ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී ජනරජය අප්‍රිකානු සංගමයේ සාමාජිකයෙකු වුවද, කිසිදු එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ ආයතනයක සාමාජික රාජ්‍යයක් නොවේ.

අප්‍රිකානු නොවන රාජ්‍යවල සංඝටක කොටස්
මෙම ලැයිස්තුවේ ඇති දේශපාලන ආයතන 10 අප්‍රිකානු නොවන රාජ්‍යවල සංඝටක කොටස් වේ.

ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍යයක යැපෙන භූමිය

ආශ්‍රිත

 List of predecessors of sovereign states in Africa
 List of African countries by area
 List of African countries by population
 List of African countries by population density
 List of African countries by GDP
 List of African countries by GDP (PPP)
 List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Eurasia

සටහන්

මූලාශ්‍ර

Africa-related lists
Africa
අප්‍රිකාව

අප්‍රිකාවේ ස්වෛරී රාජ්‍ය සහ යැපෙන භූමි ප්‍රදේශ ලැයිස්තුව


Klimaspillet og verdens fattige 1-4 er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2009 med instruktion og manuskript af Jesper Heldgaard og Bo Illum Jørgensen.

Handling
Millioner af mennesker er allerede hårdt ramt af de klimaforandringer, de selv er næsten uden skyld i. Programmerne besøger fire af de lande, der er hårdest ramt af klimaforandringerne, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Kenya og Vietnam. Ofre for klimaforandringerne, politikere og klimaaktivister i de fire lande beretter, hvordan de mærker klimaforandringerne og om deres meget konkrete ønsker og krav til den nye klimaaftale, som forhandlere fra omkring 190 lande skal forsøge at nå til enighed om ved FN's internationale Klimakonference COP15 i december, 2009, i København. Fire internationalt anerkendte røster er gennemgående figurer i programmerne. De skræller de mange indviklede tekniske lag af klimadebatten og belyser de basale etiske spørgsmål om global lighed og ulighed, klimaforhandlingerne dybest set handler om. De gør også opmærksom på, at COP15 er en - og måske den sidste - chance for at skifte til mere grøn og CO2-neutral vækst og udvikling.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2009

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Klimaspillet og verdens fattige 1-4


An Anthurium ianthinopodum in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Adolf Engler, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Marcus A. Nadruz och Simon Joseph Mayo. An Anthurium ianthinopodum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anthurium, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Anthurium

Anthurium ianthinopodum


Gustavo Alamón da Rosa (* 13. Januar 1935 in Tacuarembó, Uruguay; † 23. Juni 2020) war ein uruguayischer Maler und Grafiker.

Leben

Alamón, der seine Ausbildung an der Escuela Nacional de Bellas Artes und bei Anhelo Hernández erhielt, lebte zunächst sowohl in Tacuarembó als auch in Fray Bentos und war dort als Lehrer tätig. 1979 zog er nach Montevideo. Von 1991 bis 1994 lebte er in Madrid. Er gründete das Atelier El Sótano in seiner Geburtsstadt und leitete solche in Salto, Fray Bentos und Paysandú. Später eröffnete er sein eigenes Atelier. Alamón war an zahlreichen Ausstellungen im In- und Ausland beteiligt. Dort wurde er mit diversen Preisen bedacht.

1981 erhielt er seitens der spanischen Botschaft den Ersten Preis der Malerei, der eine Reise nach Europa zur Folge hatte. Beim 28. Salón Nacional de Artes Plásticas wurde er mit dem Porträt-Preis ausgezeichnet. Es folgten ein Erster Preis beim Salón del Este para pintura joven und die Goldmedaille des VII. Salón Nacional de Primavera in Salto. Im Jahr 1979 stehen für ihn der Erhalt des Ersten Preises beim Primer Salón del Interior in Rocha und der Preis Universidad de la República beim X. Salón Nacional de Primavera in Salto zu Buche. Im Folgejahr empfing er den Ersten Preis bei der III. Biennale der Uruguayischen Malerei in Maldonado. Auch wurde er mit dem Nationalen Großen Preis der Malerei beim 47. Salón Nacional de Artes Plásticas und 1985 als Chevalier des Ordre des Arts et des Lettres ausgezeichnet. Das Museo Nacional de Artes Visuales stellt seine Bilder aus. Zudem sind seine Werke in weiteren Museen weltweit zu sehen, so beispielsweise in Punta del Este im Museo de la Fundación Rally aber auch in Chile im Museo de Arte Moderno de Valparaíso, in Paraguays Museo Paraguayo de Arte Moderno in Asunción, den USA und diversen europäischen Ländern.

Ausstellungen

 2012: Os Robôs de Alamón, Mischtechniken, Caixa Cultural, São Paulo, Brasilien, vom 29. September bis 2. Dezember 2012

Literatur

 Nuevo Diccionario de la Cultura Uruguaya von Miguel Ángel Campodónico, Librería Linardi y Risso, 2003, S. 18

Weblinks

 Biographie (spanisch), abgerufen am 9. März 2012

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Uruguay)
Grafiker (Uruguay)
Träger des Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (Ritter)
Person (Tacuarembó)
Uruguayer
Geboren 1935
Gestorben 2020
Mann

Gustavo Alamón


Giovan Antonio Rusconi est un architecte et écrivain italien de la Renaissance.

Biographie
Giovan Antonio Rusconi est surtout connu pour sa traduction en italien de Vitruve. Ce travail, presque achevé en 1554, ne parut qu'en 1590, après la mort de l'auteur, qui probablement eut lieu après l'année 1587 ; car, dans son ouvrage (liv. 10, p. 134), il parle du transport de l'obélisque du Vatican, relevé du temple de Sixte V en 1586. Le titre de cette traduction, que Rusconi a enrichie d'un grand nombre de figures gravées sur bois, d'après ses nouveaux dessins, est Dell'architettura di Gio. Antonio Rusconi, con cento-sessanta (il y en a même plus) figure, disegnate dal medesimo, secondo i precetti di Vitruvio, e con chiarezza e brevità dichiarate, lib. 5, Venise, Giolito, 1590, in-fol. On ne doit faire aucun cas de la seconde édition, exécutée à Venise en 1660, in-fol. Poleni donne quelques éclaircissements sur l'ouvrage et l'auteur, dans ses Exercitationes vitruvianæ, Padoue, 1739, in-4°, .

Œuvres

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Traités en ligne sur le site "Architectura": http://architectura.cesr.univ-tours.fr/Traite/Auteur/Rusconi.asp?param=

Écrivain italien du XVIe siècle
Architecte italien du XVIe siècle

Giovan Antonio Rusconi


U.S. Route 11 or U.S. Highway 11 (US 11) is a major north–south United States Numbered Highway extending  across the eastern U.S. The southern terminus of the route is at US 90 in Bayou Sauvage National Wildlife Refuge in eastern New Orleans, Louisiana. The northern terminus is at the Rouses Point–Lacolle 223 Border Crossing in Rouses Point, New York. The route continues across the border into Canada as Route 223. US 11, created in 1926, maintains most of its original route. The route north of Knoxville, Tennessee, follows a route similar to Interstate 81 (I-81). While it is signed as a north–south route, it physically travels in a northeast–southwest direction.

Until 1929, US 11 ended just south of Picayune, Mississippi, at the Pearl River border with Louisiana. It was extended through Louisiana after that.

The Maestri Bridge, which carries US 11 across Lake Pontchartrain, served as the only route to New Orleans from the east for six weeks after Hurricane Katrina due to its sturdy construction. The storm virtually destroyed the I-10 Twin Span Bridge and damaged the Fort Pike Bridge on US 90.

I-81, constructed in the 1960s, parallels the route of US 11 in many areas. Beyond I-81's southern terminus, other Interstates run along corridors paralleling US 11, specifically I-59, which is joined to I-81 by I-40, I-75, and I-24.

Route description

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Louisiana

US 11 spans  within the state of Louisiana. Its southern terminus is located in New Orleans East at a junction with US 90 (Chef Menteur Highway). The route begins as a two-lane highway that travels northward through a remote stretch of marshland within both the Bayou Sauvage National Wildlife Refuge and the New Orleans city limits. After crossing over I-10 at exit 254, US 11 proceeds across Lake Pontchartrain on the Maestri Bridge, a  span dating from 1928 that parallels the I-10 Twin Span Bridge. Midway across the lake, US 11 enters unincorporated St. Tammany Parish. Upon reaching the north shore, US 11 follows Pontchartrain Drive into the city of Slidell, where it becomes a busy four-lane commercial corridor.

After a brief concurrency with Louisiana Highway 433 (LA 433), US 11 turns onto Front Street and travels alongside the Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) line through Slidell's historic district. During this stretch, the route intersects both US 190 Business (Fremaux Avenue) and mainline US 190 (Gause Boulevard), both four-lane thoroughfares connecting with nearby I-10. Returning to two-lane capacity, US 11 crosses to the west side of the NS line on a narrow overpass built in 1937. At the north end of the city, US 11 intersects I-12 at exit 83, which is located just west of a major interchange with I-10 and I-59.

A few miles later, US 11 enters the town of Pearl River and intersects LA 41 (Watts Road). Here, the route turns southeast onto Concord Boulevard and proceeds a short distance to exit 3 on I-59. US 11 turns north onto I-59 and utilizes the four-lane Interstate alignment for the remainder of its distance in Louisiana. Following a second interchange serving the small town, I-59 and US 11 cross the West Pearl River into the dense Honey Island Swamp. Along this stretch is an exit connecting to Old US 11, a remnant of the pre-Interstate alignment that provides access to Pearl River Wildlife Management Area. US 11 crosses into the state of Mississippi with I-59 on a bridge spanning the main branch of the Pearl River just south of Nicholson, Mississippi.

Mississippi

US 11 runs for approximately  in Mississippi. It enters the state along I-59, passing through several groves of trees. After a short distance, US 11 and I-59 interchange at exit 1 with Mississippi Highway 607 (MS 607), where MS 607 ends and US 11 takes over its northeastern alignment away from I-59. US 11 generally parallels I-59 across Mississippi, serving as a local business route and following city streets through communities such as Hattiesburg, Laurel, and Meridian, where I-59 begins a concurrency with I-20 eastbound. It leaves the state east of Meridian concurrent with US 80, entering the state of Alabama.

Alabama

US 11 spans  in Alabama. It and US 80 split  into Alabama near Cuba, with US 80 following an eastward track toward Demopolis. US 11, in contrast, continues to parallel the I-20/I-59 freeway through Livingston to Eutaw, where US 11 joins US 43. The overlapping routes proceed northeast to Tuscaloosa, where US 43 splits from US 11 and heads north. US 11, however, continues along the I-20/I-59 corridor to Birmingham. US 11 overlaps I-20/59 for approximately  between Woodstock and Bessemer. From Bessemer into Birmingham, the route is locally known as the "Bessemer Superhighway". US 11 is cosigned with State Route 5 (SR 5) between Woodstock and Birmingham. US 11 through the western side of Birmingham is known as the Bessemer Superhighway and 3rd Avenue West. It passes near the Alabama State Fairgrounds, Rickwood Field (one of the oldest baseball stadiums in the U.S.), and Legion Field (known for hosting football games). On the east side of Birmingham, US 11 is known locally as 1st Avenue North and as Roebuck Parkway.

West of downtown Birmingham, US 11 intersects US 78. US 78 turns east onto US 11, forming an overlap as the roadway enters the heart of the city. In the midst of the city center, US 78 breaks from US 11, progressing south of US 11 as the two routes exit the city. East of downtown, I-20 splits from I-59, with US 11 following I-59 to the northeast. US 11 passes through Gadsden and Fort Payne before crossing into Georgia  northeast of Hammondville.

Throughout Alabama, US 11 is paired with unsigned State Route 7 (SR 7).

Until 1955, US 11 was routed to Ashville and Gadsden following the current routes of SR 23 and US 411 and followed Third Street and went west on Forrest Avenue in downtown Gadsden. It was relocated to its present route to Attalla, with the original route designated as an alternate route until 1963.

The routes that corresponds to US 11's route in Alabama includes the Bear Meat Cabin Road (Huntsville Road), the Rome and Tuscaloosa Road (also called "Georgia Road") from Birmingham, and the Chattanooga Road (also called Alabama Road) from Attalla.

Georgia

After entering the state from Alabama, US 11 and State Route 58 (SR 58) travel northeast, parallel to I-59, through the valley between Sand and Lookout mountains. The routes travel through the county seat of Dade County, Trenton, where they are briefly concurrent with SR 136. In the community of Wildwood, US 11 and SR 58 intersect the eastern terminus of SR 299 before continuing north into Tennessee. US 11 extends  within the state's borders.

US 11 and SR 58 see an annual average daily traffic (AADT) of 5,000 vehicles or more north of Trenton. However, most of the route's through traffic has been diverted to I-59, which closely parallels the route not only in Georgia but also in Alabama and Mississippi.

Tennessee

US 11 enters Tennessee west of Chattanooga. The route, concurrent with State Route 38 (SR 38) from the state line north, runs parallel to I-24 for  to an intersection with Cummings Highway (US 41/US 64/US 72/SR 2). While SR 38 terminates here, US 11 follows the highway east into downtown Chattanooga. At the intersection of Broad Street and East 23rd Street, US 11 and US 64 separate from US 41 and US 72 and follow East 23rd east through downtown. The routes briefly overlap with US 41, here concurrent to US 76, on Dodds Avenue before resuming an easterly progression on Brainerd Road thereafter called Lee Highway. The road is also called Lee Highway in southwestern Virginia.

East of downtown, I-24 terminates while I-75 continues east along the I-24 right-of-way. US 11 and US 64 continue to the northeast, paralleling I-75 to Cleveland. In Downtown Cleveland, US 64 separates from US 11, following US 74 east out of the city.

US 11 remains close to I-75 as it heads north, passing through Athens, Sweetwater, Loudon, and Lenoir City before entering Farragut. On the western edge of town, US 11 merges with US 70 at Dixie Lee Junction to form Kingston Pike. The routes remain joined for just over  as they pass through Farragut and West Knoxville before diverging again in Downtown Knoxville.

In East Knoxville, US 11 splits into US 11W and US 11E, with US 70 following US 11E.

U.S. Route 11E

Traversing  from Knoxville, Tennessee, to Bristol, Virginia, US 11E connects the cities and towns of New Market, Jefferson City, Morristown, Greeneville, Tusculum, Jonesborough, Johnson City, Bluff City, and Bristol, all in Tennessee. After crossing into Virginia, it reconnects with US 11W.

U.S. Route 11W

Traversing  from Knoxville, Tennessee, to Bristol, Virginia, US 11W connects the cities and towns of Blaine, Rutledge, Bean Station, Rogersville, Surgoinsville, Church Hill, Mount Carmel, and Kingsport, all in Tennessee. After crossing into Virginia, it reconnects with US 11E.

Virginia

US 11W and US 11E rejoin as US 11 in Bristol less than a mile north of the Tennessee–Virginia state line. As Lee Highway, US 11 proceeds northeastward through Abingdon, Wytheville, and Radford. In this area, I-81 was constructed parallel to US 11.

At Christiansburg, US 11 joins US 460 and the two routes overlap for  to Salem, where the two highways split. US 11 winds through Roanoke on several roads, sometimes opposite the signed direction.

Part of the Carolina Road, a colonial trail, follows the roadbed of US 11, also known as the Lee Highway, through Virginia. Near Cloverdale is the historical marker: "This is the old road from Pennsylvania to the Yadkin Valley, over which in early times settlers passed going south. On it were the Black Horse Tavern and the Tinker Creek Presbyterian Church."

From Roanoke, the highway continues through Buchanan, Lexington, Staunton, Harrisonburg, and Winchester in the Shenandoah Valley. (Between Buchanan and Lexington, US 11 passes over famed Natural Bridge). I-81 was constructed parallel to US 11 through many of these cities, although it generally bypassed the smaller towns. US 11 enters West Virginia about  northeast of Winchester. Through the Great Appalachian Valley, US 11 follows much of former Valley Pike, a former colonial trace and important roadway during the Civil War.

West Virginia

US 11 enters West Virginia less than  southeast of I-81. US 11 heads northeast for about  through Berkeley County, passing through Inwood, Martinsburg, and Falling Waters before crossing the Potomac River into Maryland. The road is known as Winchester Avenue south of Martinsburg and as Williamsport Pike north of the city.

Maryland

In Maryland, US 11 passes over the Potomac River into Williamsport and through Hagerstown in Washington County before crossing the Mason–Dixon line into Pennsylvania. I-81 was constructed along much the same route in the 1960s.

Pennsylvania

US 11 and I-81 enter Pennsylvania south of Greencastle. Known as the Molly Pitcher highway, US 11 follows I-81 northeast through the Cumberland Valley, running parallel to each other as they pass through Chambersburg, Shippensburg, and Carlisle. Northeast of Carlisle in Middlesex Township, US 11 interchanges with the Pennsylvania Turnpike (I-76) and I-81 in succession. US 11, now to the south of I-81, continues eastward into the western suburbs of Harrisburg as the Carlisle Pike.

In Camp Hill, a close suburb of Harrisburg, US 11 stops paralleling I-81 and joins US 15 northward through the western suburbs of Harrisburg. As the road exits the Harrisburg area, US 11 and US 15 begin to parallel the Susquehanna River as both head northward. The two routes remain overlapped to an intersection in Shamokin Dam, where US 15 branches off to the northwest, following the path of the West Branch Susquehanna River northward. US 11, in contrast, continues to parallel the main Susquehanna River, passing through municipalities such as Danville, Bloomsburg, and Berwick prior to reaching Wilkes-Barre.

In Wilkes-Barre, US 11 breaks from the Susquehanna and begins to run parallel to I-81 once more. From Wilkes-Barre, the highway goes through nearby Scranton, becoming the North Scranton Expressway north of downtown. In Clarks Summit, just north of Scranton, US 11 intersects US 6. US 6 joins US 11 westward to Factoryville, where US 11 separates from US 6 and resumes its northerly trek through Susquehanna County to the New York–Pennsylvania border.

New York

US 11 proceeds northwestward through New York from the Pennsylvania border to Binghamton. US 11 and I-81 continue to parallel each other as they head north through Cortland and Syracuse. The route continues northward to Watertown. US 11 heads northeast from Watertown, passing along the northern edge of Fort Drum and traversing a number of towns and villages, including Canton and Potsdam. US 11 passes north of the Adirondack Park passing through Malone. At Rouses Point, US 11 joins New York State Route 9B and heads north to the Rouses Point–Lacolle 223 Border Crossing, becoming Route 223.

History

Junction list
Southern segment
Louisiana
 in New Orleans
 in New Orleans
 in Slidell
 in Slidell
 in Pearl River. The highways travel concurrently to Nicholson, Mississippi.
Mississippi
 in Hattiesburg
 in Hattiesburg
 in Walters
 in Laurel
 northeast of Laurel
 in Meridian. I-20/I-59/US 11 travel concurrently through the city. US 11/US 80 travel concurrently to Cuba, Alabama.
 east-northeast of Toomsuba
Alabama
 in Eutaw. The highways travel concurrently to Tuscaloosa.
 in Knoxville
 in Tuscaloosa. I-359/US 11 travel concurrently through the city.
 in Tuscaloosa
 in Tuscaloosa
 in Tuscaloosa
 in Tuscaloosa
 south of Lake View. The highways travel concurrently to Bessemer.
 southwest of McCalla
 in Birmingham. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Birmingham
 in Birmingham
 in Birmingham
 in Birmingham
 in Birmingham
 in Ashville
 in Attalla. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Fort Payne
Georgia
No major intersections
Tennessee
 in Chattanooga. US 11/US 41/US 72 travel concurrently through the city. US 11/US 64 travel concurrently to Cleveland.
 in Chattanooga
 in Chattanooga. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Chattanooga. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Lenoir City
 southwest of Farragut. The highways travel concurrently to Knoxville.
 in Knoxville
 in Knoxville
 in Knoxville
 in Knoxville. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Knoxville
 in Knoxville
Northern segment
Virginia
 in Bristol. US 11/US 19 travel concurrently to Abingdon.
 in Bristol
 northeast of Bristol
 east of Abingdon. US 11/US 58 travel concurrently for approximately .
 southeast of Glade Spring
 in Seven Mile Ford
 southwest of Marion
 northeast of Marion
 west of Wytheville
 in Wytheville. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Wytheville. I-77/US 11/US 52 travel concurrently to Fort Chiswell. I-81/US 11 travel concurrently to south of Pulaski.
 in Christiansburg
 in Christiansburg. US 11/US 460 travel concurrently to Salem.
 in Roanoke. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Roanoke
 in Roanoke
 southwest of Buchanan
 northeast of Buchanan. The highways travel concurrently to west of Natural Bridge.
 northeast of Natural Bridge
 in Lexington
 in East Lexington
 northeast of East Lexington
 in Greenville
 in Greenville
 in Staunton. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 in Harrisonburg
 in Harrisonburg
 northeast of Harrisonburg
 in Mauzy
 in New Market
 in Strasburg
 in Winchester. The highways travel concurrently through the city.
 northeast of Winchester
West Virginia
 north-northeast of Falling Waters
Maryland
 in Halfway
 in Hagerstown
Pennsylvania
 in Antrim Township
 in Chambersburg
 in Middlesex Township
 in Middlesex Township
 in Camp Hill. The highways travel concurrently to Shamokin Dam.
 in Summerdale
 in Penn Township
 in Monroe Township
 in South Centre Township
 in Moosic
 in South Abington Township. US 6/US 11 travel concurrently to northwest of Factoryville.
New York
 in Dickinson
 in Chenango
 in Chenango
 in Chenango
 northwest of Whitney Point
 in Cortlandville
 northwest of Tully
 south of LaFayette
 south of Nedrow
 in Salina
 south-southwest of Mannsville
 in Calcium
 in the Town of Champlain
 in the Town of Champlain
 in Rouses Point
 at the Canada–United States border north of Rouses Point

See also

Notes

References

External links

Endpoints of US 11

11

U.S. Route 11


Aderus rufithorax é uma espécie de inseto besouro da família Aderidae. Foi descrita cientificamente por Maurice Pic em 1905.

Distribuição geográfica
Habita no Brasil.

Referências

rufithorax
Coleópteros do Brasil
Insetos descritos em 1905
Espécies descritas por Maurice Pic

Aderus rufithorax


Pipungerne - Prinsessen og vagten er en dansk animationsfilm fra 2009 instrueret af Tone Tarding og efter manuskript af Jan Vierth.

Handling
Sille leger prinsesse og vil ikke forstyrres. Saxe holder vagt ved slottet, men en flok myrer er ikke til at styre, de kilder Saxe og stikker af med prinsessekronen.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Børnefilm fra Danmark
Animationsfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2009

Pipungerne - Prinsessen og vagten


Malmö Opera (Swedish: Malmö opera) is an opera house in Malmö, Sweden.  An opera company of the same name presents seasons of opera in this house.

Built 1933-1944 by architect Sigurd Lewerentz and, until 1992, known as the Malmö City Theatre accommodating several different organizations, the Opera House is one of the largest auditoriums in Scandinavia with 1,508 seats, created in the form of an enclosed amphitheatre in order to allow for the greatest viewing possibility. It is used for opera, operetta, and musical performances. Influenced by German director Max Reinhardt, a large revolving stage was constructed.

The foyer is considered to be beautiful, with its open surfaces and marble staircases, and it is adorned with a number of works of art by artists such as Carl Milles and Isaac Grünewald.

An offshoot of the opera company, whose musical director was Gintaras Rinkevicius and Joseph Swensen 2006-2011, is the program of opera designed for participants under the age of 19. This is known as Operaverkstan; it also plans to introduce classic operas for its audience, and sometimes children participate in the productions.

Other Swedish Opera Houses of Note
Royal Swedish Opera
Gothenburg opera house
Norrland Opera
Drottningholm Palace Theatre

External links
Official site

Opera houses in Sweden
Listed buildings in Malmö
Swedish opera companies
1944 establishments in Sweden
Theatres completed in 1944
Music venues completed in 1944

Malmö Opera


Amazon'da yetişen Cinchona ağacının kabuğundan elde edilen kinin maddesi, hem sıtma ile savaşta, hem de sıtmaya karşı kullanılan sentetik ilaçların geliştirilmesinde moleküler model görevini yapmıştır. Cinchona ağacı kabuğundan kininden başka 20 farklı alkaloid madde çıkarılır. Bu maddeler, sıtmadan dolaşım bozukluklarına kadar çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılabilmektedir. Aynı zamanda kinin maddesi Tonik içeceğinde bulunmaktadır. Tonik, kinin ve sodanın birleştirilmesinden oluşan bir içecek çeşididir. Kokteyllerde sıkça kullanılır.

Molekül DSÖ'nün Temel İlaçlar Listesi'nde yer almaktadır.

Dış bağlantılar
 inchem.org
 Rain-tree.com
 Kinin ve Quinidine sentezi
 Kinin'in tarihçesi (İngilizce)
 Kinin haberleri

Dünya Sağlık Örgütü ana ilaçları

Kinin


Jesenska žabovlatka (lat. Callitriche hermaphroditica), biljna vrsta iz porodice Trpučevki. Raširena je po velikim predjelima Europe, Azije i Sjeverne Amerike.

Naziv jesenska žabovlatka dan je i podvrsti brucijske žabovlatke (C. brutia) čiji je latinski naziv C. b. subsp. hamulata (sinonim C. hamulata), i obje rastu i u Hrvatskoj.

Podvrste
 Callitriche hermaphroditica subsp. exalata N. N. Tzvelev
 Callitriche hermaphroditica subsp. hermaphroditica

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Callitrichoideae

Jesenska žabovlatka


Silke Kandzora (* 4. Oktober 1989 in Bamberg) ist eine deutsche Schauspielerin.

Sie schloss 2009 eine musische Ausbildung am E.T.A. Hoffmann-Gymnasium Bamberg ab und verkörperte bereits während dieser Ausbildung die Rolle der Ela in Endlich Samstag!.

Filmografie
 2006–2008: Endlich Samstag! (Fernsehserie)
 2009: Frühlingssprachbox (Kurzfilm)
 2009: Junggesellin (Kurzfilm)
 2016: Das Kalte Gericht (Spielfilm)
 2016: Leben (Kurzfilm / Episodenfilm)
 2016: Tatort: Am Ende geht man nackt
 2018: Alice – The Darkest Hour (Spielfilm)
 2019: Stories of the Dead – Die Farm (Spielfilm)

Musikvideos
 2010: Beziehungskiste (Musikvideo der Band Elephant Party) als Anna

Weblinks

 Silke Kandzora Agenturprofil

Filmschauspieler
Darstellender Künstler (Bamberg)
Deutscher
Geboren 1989
Frau

Silke Kandzora


The longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) is a pine species native to the Southeastern United States, found along the coastal plain from East Texas to southern Virginia, extending into northern and central Florida. In this area it is also known as "yellow pine" or "long leaf yellow pine", although it is properly just one out of a number of species termed yellow pine.  It reaches a height of  and a diameter of . In the past, before extensive logging, they reportedly grew to  with a diameter of . The tree is a cultural symbol of the Southern United States, being the official state tree of Alabama. Contrary to popular belief, this particular species of pine is not officially the state tree of North Carolina.

Description

The bark is thick, reddish-brown, and scaly. The leaves are dark green and needle-like, and occur in bundles of mainly three, sometimes two or four, especially in seedlings. They often are twisted and  in length.  A local race of P. palustris in a cove near Rockingham, North Carolina, have needles up to 24 inches (61 centimeters ) in length. It is one of the two Southeastern U.S. pines with long needles, the other being slash pine.

The cones, both female seed cones (ovulate strobili) and male pollen cones (staminate strobili), are initiated during the growing season before buds emerge. Pollen cones begin forming in their buds in July, while seed conelets are formed during a relatively short period of time in August. Pollination occurs early the following spring, with the male cones  long. The female (seed) cones mature in about 20 months from pollination; when mature, they are yellow-brown in color,  long, and  broad, opening to , and have a small, but sharp, downward-pointing spine on the middle of each scale. The seeds are  long, with a  wing.

Longleaf pine takes 100 to 150 years to become full size and may live to be 500 years old. When young, they grow a long taproot, which usually is  long; by maturity, they have a wide spreading lateral root system with several deep 'sinker' roots. They grow on well-drained, usually sandy soil, characteristically in pure stands.
Longleaf pine also is known as being one of several species grouped as a southern yellow pine or longleaf yellow pine, and in the past as pitch pine (a name dropped as it caused confusion with pitch pine, Pinus rigida).

Etymology
The species epithet palustris is Latin for "of the marsh" and indicates its common habitat.  The scientific name meaning "of marshes" is a misunderstanding on the part of Philip Miller, who described the species, after seeing longleaf pine forests with temporary winter flooding.

Ecology

Longleaf pine is highly pyrophytic (resistant to wildfire) and dependent on fire. Their thick bark and growth habits help to provide a tolerance to fire. Periodic natural wildfire and anthropogenic fires select for this species by removing competition and exposing bare soil for successful germination of seeds. The lack of medium-tall trees (called a midstory canopy) leads to open longleaf pine forests or savannas. New seedlings do not appear at all tree-like and resemble a dark-green fountain of needles. This form is called the grass stage. During this stage, which lasts for 5–12 years, vertical growth is very slow, and the tree may take a number of years simply to grow ankle high. After that, it has a growth spurt, especially if it is in a gap or no tree canopy is above it. In the grass stage, it is very resistant to low intensity fires because the terminal bud is protected from lethal heating by the tightly packed needles.  While relatively immune to fire at this stage, the plant is quite appealing to feral pigs; the early settlers' habit of releasing swine into the woodlands to feed may have been partly responsible for the decline of the species.

Longleaf pine forests are rich in biodiversity. They are well-documented for their high levels of plant diversity, in groups including sedges, grasses, carnivorous plants, and orchids. These forests also provide habitat for gopher tortoises, which as keystone species, dig burrows that provide habitat for hundreds of other species of animals. The red-cockaded woodpecker is dependent on mature pine forests and is now endangered as a result of this decline. Longleaf pine seeds are large and nutritious, forming a significant food source for birds (notably the brown-headed nuthatch) and other wildlife. Nine salamander species and 26 frog species are characteristic of pine savannas, along with 56 species of reptiles, 13 of which could be considered specialists on this habitat.

The Red Hills Region of Florida and Georgia is home to some of the best-preserved stands of longleaf pines. These forests have been burned regularly for many decades to encourage bobwhite quail habitat in private hunting plantations.

Native range, restoration, and protection

Before European settlement, longleaf pine forest dominated as much as  stretching from Virginia south to Florida and west to East Texas. Its range was defined by the frequent widespread fires that were lit by humans and occurred naturally throughout the southeast. In the late 19th century, these virgin timber stands were "among the most sought-after timber trees in the country." This rich ecosystem now has been relegated to less than 5% of its presettlement range due to fire suppression and clear-cutting practices:

As they stripped the woods of their trees, loggers left mounds of flammable debris that frequently fueled catastrophic fires, destroying both the remaining trees and seedlings. The exposed earth left behind by clear-cutting operations was highly susceptible to erosion, and nutrients were washed from the already porous soils. This further destroyed the natural seeding process. At the peak of the timber cutting in the 1890s and first decade of the new century, the longleaf pine forests of the Sandhills were providing millions of board feet of timber each year. The timber cutters gradually moved across the South; by the 1920s, most of the "limitless" virgin longleaf pine forests were gone.
— Jerry Simmons, "ASLC Large Operation from Beginnings"

In "pine barrens" most of the day. Low, level, sandy tracts; the pines wide apart; the sunny spaces between full of beautiful abounding grasses, liatris, long, wand-like solidago, saw palmettos, etc., covering the ground in garden style. Here I sauntered in delightful freedom, meeting none of the cat-clawed vines, or shrubs, of the alluvial bottoms.
 – John Muir

Efforts are being made to restore longleaf pine ecosystems within its natural range. Some groups such as the Longleaf Alliance are actively promoting research, education, and management of the longleaf pine.

The USDA offers cost-sharing and technical assistance to private landowners for longleaf restoration through the NRCS Longleaf Pine Initiative. Similar programs are available through most state forestry agencies in the longleaf's native range. In August 2009, the Alabama Forestry Commission received $1.757 million in stimulus money to restore longleaf pines in state forests.

Four large core areas within the range of the species provide the opportunity to protect the biological diversity of the coastal plain and to restore wilderness areas east of the Mississippi River. Each of these four (Eglin Air Force Base: 187,000+ ha; Apalachicola National Forest: 228,000+ ha; Okefenokee-Osceola: 289,000+ ha; De Soto National Forest: 200,000+ ha) have nearby lands that offer the potential to expand the total protected territory for each area to well beyond 500,000 ha. These areas would provide the opportunity not only to restore forest stands, but also to restore populations of native plants and animals threatened by landscape fragmentation.

Notable eccentric populations exist within the Uwharrie National Forest in the central Piedmont region of North Carolina. These have survived owing to relative inaccessibility, and in one instance, intentional protection in the 20th century by a private landowner (a property now owned and conserved by the LandTrust for Central North Carolina).

The United States Forest Service is conducting prescribed burning programs in the 258,864-acre Francis Marion National Forest, located outside of Charleston, South Carolina. They are hoping to increase the longleaf pine forest type to  by 2017 and  in the long term.  In addition to longleaf restoration, prescribed burning will enhance the endangered red-cockaded woodpeckers' preferred habitat of open, park-like stands, provide habitat for wildlife dependent on grass-shrub habitat, which is very limited, and reduce the risk of damaging wildfires.

Since the 1960s, longleaf restoration has been ongoing on almost 95,000 acres of state and federal land in the sandhills region of South Carolina, between the piedmont and coastal plain.  The region is characterized by deep, infertile sands deposited by a prehistoric sea, with generally arid conditions. By the 1930s, most of the native longleaf had been logged, and the land was heavily eroded. Between 1935 and 1939, the federal government purchased large portions of this area from local landowners as a relief measure under the Resettlement Administration. These landowners were resettled on more fertile land elsewhere. Today, the South Carolina Sand Hills State Forest comprises about half of the acreage, and half is owned by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service as the adjacent Carolina Sandhills National Wildlife Refuge. At first, restoration of forest cover was the goal. Fire suppression was practiced until the 1960s, when prescribed fire was introduced on both the state forest and the Sandhills NWR as part of the restoration of the longleaf/wiregrass ecosystem.

Nokuse Plantation is a 53,000-acre private nature preserve located around 100 miles east of Pensacola, Florida. The preserve was established by M.C. Davis, a wealthy philanthropist who made his fortune buying and selling land and mineral rights, and who has spent $90 million purchasing land for the preserve, primarily from timber companies.  One of its main goals is the restoration of longleaf pine forest, to which end he has had 8 million longleaf pine seedlings planted on the land.

A 2009 study by the National Wildlife Federation says that longleaf pine forests will be particularly well adapted to environmental changes caused by climate disruption.

Uses

Vast forests of longleaf pine once were present along the southeastern Atlantic coast and Gulf Coast of North America, as part of the eastern savannas. These forests were the source of naval storesresin, turpentine, and timberneeded by merchants and the navy for their ships. They have been cutover since for timber and usually replaced with faster-growing loblolly pine and slash pine, for agriculture, and for urban and suburban development. Due to this deforestation and overharvesting, only about 3% of the original longleaf pine forest remains, and little new is planted. Longleaf pine is available, however, at many nurseries within its range; the southernmost known point of sale is in Lake Worth Beach, Florida.

The yellow, resinous wood is used for lumber and pulp. Boards cut years ago from virgin timber were very wide, up to , and a thriving salvage business obtains these boards from demolition projects to be reused as flooring in upscale homes.

The extremely long needles are popular for use in the ancient craft of coiled basket making.

Annual sales of pine straw for use as mulch were estimated at $200M in 2021.

The stumps and taproots of old trees become saturated with resin and will not rot. Farmers sometimes find old buried stumps in fields, even in some that were cleared a century ago, and these usually are dug up and sold as fatwood, "fat lighter", or "lighter wood", which is in demand as kindling for fireplaces, wood stoves, and barbecue pits. In old-growth pine, the heartwood of the bole is often saturated in the same way. When boards are cut from the fat lighter wood, they are very heavy and will not rot, but buildings constructed of them are quite flammable and make extremely hot fires.

The seeds of the longleaf pine are edible raw or roasted.

Culture
The longleaf pine is the official state tree of Alabama. It is commonly but incorrectly believed to be the official state tree of North Carolina, probably because it is referenced by name in the first line of the official North Carolina State Toast. Also, the state's highest honor is named the "Order of the Long Leaf Pine". However, the state tree of North Carolina is officially designated as simply "pine", not any particular species of pine.

See also

 Longleaf pine ecosystem
 Mountain Longleaf National Wildlife Refuge
 Sonderegger pine, a hybrid between loblolly and longleaf species

References

Further reading

External links

palustris
Trees of the Southeastern United States
Trees of the South-Central United States
Vulnerable plants
Trees of the United States
Symbols of Alabama
Symbols of North Carolina
Taxa named by Philip Miller

Longleaf pine


සාගර උදම් තරංඟ

පෘථිවියෙහි සාගර උදම් තරංඟ චන්ද්රsයාගේ ගුරුත්වාකර්ශණය (එහි ත්රීණව්ර තා අනුක්රතමණය) නිසා ඇති වන උදම් බල හේතුවෙන් ඇති වන්නක් වන අතර පාථිවි සාගර මත බලපාන වෙනත් ආචරණ සමුහයක් හේතු වෙන් වර්ධනය වු තත්වයට පත් වෙයි. ගුරුත්වාකර්ශක උදම් බලය හටගැනීමට හේතු වන්නේ සද වෙත මුහුණලා පිහිටන පෘතුවි අර්ධය (සඳට වඩාත් ආසන්න ප්රැදේශය) ස‍ඳෙහි ගුරුත්වාකර්ශණය හේතුවෙන් පෘථිවි කේන්ද්රවයට සහ පෘතුවියේ සඳ ට වඩාත් ඈතින් පිහිටන ප්ර දේශට සාපේක්ෂව  වැඩි ආකර්ශණ බලයකට යටත් වීමයි. ගුරුත්වාකර්ශක උදම් තරංඟ හේතුවෙන් පෘථිවි සාගර පෘථිවිය කෙන්ද්රවය  වන පරිදි පිහිටන ඉලිප්සයක ආකාරයට හැඩයකට සකස් වෙයි. මෙම ආචරණය හේතුවෙන් සඳ ට වඩාත් ආසන්න සහ වඩාත් ඈතින් පිහිටි ප්රිදේශ ආශ්රිමතව පෘථිවියට සාපේක්ෂව මුහුදු මට්ටම ඉහළ නගියි. මෙම ප්රතදේශ මුහුදු මට්ටම නෙරාගිය ප්රචදේශ ලෙස සැලකිය හැක.  මෙම නෙරාගිය ප්ර දේශ සිය අක්ෂ්යඩ වට‍ා භ්රමමණය වෙමින්  දිනකට එක් වරක් බැගින් පෘථිවිය වටා ගමන් කරයි. මේ හේතුවෙන් නිරන්තරයෙන් චලනය වන මෙම නෙරාගිය ප්ර දේශ දෙසට මුහුදු ජලයද නිරන්තරයෙන්ම චලනය වෙමින් පවති. මෙම නෙරුම් යුගලයේ සහ ඒවා පසු පස ගමන් කරන දැවැන්ත සාගර ජල තරංඟ වල ආචරණය අනෙකුත් ආචරණයන්ගේ අන්තර් ක්රිේයාවක් හේතුවෙන් වර්ගික තත්ත්වයට පත්වෙයි. මෙම ආචරණයන් වනුයේ පෘතුවි භ්රනමණයට සාගර පතුල හරහා ජලය ඝර්ෂණ ඔස්සේ සම්බන්ධ වීම, ජලයේ චලනයෙහි අවස්ථිතිය, භූමියට ආසන්නවත්ම ක්ර මයෙන් ගැඹුර අඩුවන සාගර ද්රෝ්ණිය සහ විවිධ සාගර ද්රෝ ණි අතර පවතින විචලන යන ඒවායි. මෙම වර්ධක ආචරණයෙන් නාන ජල බඳුනක ගැඹුරු ජල කඳ සහිත කොටසෙහි ශරීරය චලනයෙන් ඇති වන සුළු කැළඹීමක් හේතුවෙන් ඇලවු කෙළවර ජලය ඉහළ නැගීමට යම්තාක් දුරට සමාන වේ.

චන්ද්ර යන් සහ ඊට ආසන්නතම සාගර නෙරුම අතර හටගන්නා ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණ සම්බන්ධය හේතුවෙන් චන්ද්ර්යාගේ කක්ෂය වෙත බලපෑමක් එල්ල වෙයි. පෘතුවිය සිය අක්ෂ්යඇය වට‍ා චන්ද්රනයා පරිභ්රකමණය වන දිශාව ඔස්සේම දළ වශයෙන් චන්ද්ර යා මෙන් 27 ත් ගුණයක වේගයෙන් යුතුව භ්රසමණය වෙයි. ඒ හේතුවෙන් සාගර ජලය සහ සාගර පතුල අතර හට ගන්නා ඝර්ෂණ සම්බන්ධය සහ ජලයෙහි අවස්ථිතිය හේතුවෙන් චන්ද්රවයාට ආසන්නව පිහිටන උදම් නෙරුමෙහි මුදුන චන්ද්රෙයාගේ කේන්ද්රනය සහ පෘථිවියෙහි කේන්ද්රටය යා කෙරෙන මනඃකල්පිත රේඛාවෙන් මඳක් ඉදිරියට යොමුව පිහිටයි. චන්ද්රායාගේ පැතිකඩින් බලන විට සඳට ආසන්න උදම් නෙරුමෙහි ස්කන්ධ කේන්ද්රොය එය පරිභ්රරමණය වන ලක්ෂ්යපයට හැමවිටම මදක් ඉදිරියෙන් පිහිටයි. චන්ද්ර්යාට වඩාත් ඈතින් පිහිටන නෙරුම සදහා මෙම ආචරණයෙහි විලෝමය සත්ය් වේ. එනම් එය ඉහත සදහන් මනඃකල්පිත රේඛාවට සාපේක්ෂව මදක් පසු පසින් පිහිටයි. කෙසේ නමුත් එය තවත් කිලෝමීටර් 12756 ක් සදට ඈතින් පිහිටන අතර එය හා ස‍ඳ අතර පවතින ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණ සම්බන්ධව මඳක් අඩු අගයක් ගනී. මේ හේතුවෙන් පෘථිවිය වටා කක්ක්ෂය ඔස්සේ නිරන්තරයෙන්ම චන්ද්රවයා ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණ බලය මගින් ඉදිරියට ඇදෙමින් පවති. මෙම ගුරුත්වාකර්ෂණ සම්බන්ධ හේතුවෙන් භ්රගමනය වන පෘථිවියේ (දිනය සහ අධික තත්පරය යන ලිපි ද බලන්න) කෝණික ගම්යෙතාවය සහ එහි චාලක ශක්තිය නිරන්තරයෙන්ම අඩු වෙමින් පවතියි. එසේම චන්ද්රියාගේ කක්ෂය වෙත කෝණික ගම්ය තාවය එකතු වන අතර ඒ හේතුවෙන් කාලයත් සමග ක්රුමයෙන් චන්ද්රයයා වඩාත් ඉහළ කක්ෂයක් වෙත ළඟාවෙයි.  චන්ද්රනය‍ාගේ කක්ෂීය අරය මත මෙමඟින් ඇති වන බලපෑම ඉතා කුඩා වෙයි. එය සංඛ්යාඩත්මක වශයෙන් වසරකට  0.1 ppb පමණ වේ. නමුත් වාර්ෂිකව මේ හේතුවෙන් චන්ද්ර යා සහ පෘථිවිය අතර පරතරය මැනිය හැකි අගයක් වන 3.82 cm ප්රවමාණයකින් ඉහළ යයි. එසේම මෙම ආචරණය කාලයත් සමඟ වඩ වඩාත් ප්ර.බල තත්ත්වයට පත් වන අතර මුල් වරට ගගන ගාමීන් සඳ මත පා තැබීමෙන් පසු දළ වශයෙන් වසර 39 ක් ගත වන විට චන්ද්ර යා සහ පෘථිවිය අතර දුර ප්රමමාණය  මීටර් 1.48 කින් වැඩි වී ඇත.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon#Ocean_tides

සාගර උදම් තරංඟ


Det Store sandhav er et omkring 72.000 km² stort ørkenområde i Nordafrika, som strækker sig fra det vestlige Egypten til det østlige Libyen. Trods navnet er det kun 7% af det store sandhav, der er dækket af sandklitter.

Geografi
Det store sandhav er omkring 650 km langt fra nord til syd og omkring 300 km bredt fra øst til vest.
På satellitbilleder har denne ørken et mønster af lange sandbakker, som løber nogenlunde nord-syd, men trods den tilsyneladende ensartethed har sandhavet to store områder med forskellige typer af megaklitter. Sammen med Calanshio Sandhavet og Ribiana Sandhavet i Libyen, dækker sandklitterne i det store sandhav omkring 25% af den libyske ørken.

Siwa er en oase i Egypten omkring 50 km øst for den libyske grænse i den østlige del af det store sandhav.

Selv om området var velkendt for Tuareger og købmænd, som rejste med karavaner gennem Sahara var Friedrich Gerhard Rohlfs den første europæer, som beskrev det store sandhav. Han begyndte sin Saharaekspedition i 1865, og kaldte det store område med sandklitter for Große Sandmeer, men det var først i 1924 med kortene tegnet af Ahmed Hassanein at det fulde omfang af det store sandhav blev kendt af europæere.

Henvisninger

Eksterne kilder

 Egypt Travel - The Great Sand Sea
 Desert Geomorphology

Egyptens geografi
Libyens geografi

Store sandhav


Erysimum franciscanum, commonly known as the Franciscan wallflower or San Francisco wallflower, is a plant endemic to the northern California coast, from Sonoma to Santa Cruz Counties. It is a member of the genus Erysimum in the mustard family, the Brassicaceae.

The plant is a biennial or short-lived perennial. The flowers are cream-colored to yellow, with four sepals and four petals arranged in a cross shape, as is characteristic of the Brassicaceae. It flowers from late winter to late spring. The plant prefers open scrubby areas with a fair amount of sunlight, but can flourish on a range of soils including disintegrating serpentine, gravelly and sandy soils. It is fairly easily cultivated in gardens.

Although not formally recognized as endangered, the Franciscan wallflower has a limited, discontinuous distribution. It is monitored at the Presidio of San Francisco, which was also its type locality. The plant is propagated in a nursery there and then planted in its native habitat.

References

External links

Jepson Manual treatment for Erysimum franciscanum
USDA Plants Profile: Erysimum franciscanum
Erysimum franciscanum - U.C. Photo gallery

franciscanum
Endemic flora of California
Natural history of the California Coast Ranges

Erysimum franciscanum


Isla Plumpudding (en inglés: Plumpudding Island) es una isla pequeña casi en forma de diamante y rocosa en el Atlántico Sur, a unos 590 metros de la costa de los diamantes en Namibia. La isla está situada en la Bahía de Baker, 2400 metros al norte de la Isla Sinclair.

Posee 150 metros de largo, 100 metros de ancho y tiene una elevación máxima de 20 metros. Es una de las islas Pingüino y es conocido como la isla del guano, ya que hasta 1949 el Guano se extraía de allí. Una estación en el lado este de la isla todavía da testimonio de este pasado.

Véase también
 Geografía de Namibia
 Geografía de África

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de localización de la isla

Archipiélagos e islas del océano Atlántico de Namibia

Isla Plumpudding


Volvat Station (Volvat stasjon) var en metrostation på Røabanen på T-banen i Oslo. Stationen lå i Volvat mellem Majorstuen og Borgen. Fra åbningen 17. november 1912 og indtil 1939 lå den i gadeplan, hvorefter den blev den eneste underjordiske station vest for Majorstuen. Fra 1942 blev den også betjent af Kolsåsbanens tog. Stationen var den eneste i funkisstil.

Efter at Røabanen blev opgraderet til metrostandard i 1995, blev stationen kun betjent af Kolsåsbanens tog, da Røabanens tog var for lange til perronerne. Stationen blev nedlagt fuldstændigt 7. april 1997, da Kolsåsbanens tog blev forlænget fra to til tre vogne og dermed også blev for lange.

Eksterne henvisninger

Noter

Nedlagte T-banestationer i Oslo
Etableret i 1912
Ophørt i 1997

Volvat Station


O Caso Tutti Frutti é uma investigação e escândalo político ocorrido em Portugal em maio de 2023 que tornou público tráfico de influências entre executivos e membros do PS e do PSD na preparação das listas para eleições autárquicas portuguesas de 2017. Entre os principais envolvidos estiveram Fernando Medina, enquanto antigo presidente da Câmara de Lisboa, o Ministro do Ambiente Duarte Cordeiro e o ex-deputado do PSD, Sérgio Azevedo.

O Ministério Público assume formalmente suspeitas por vários crimes, avançados pela TVI e pela CNN Portugal.

Investigação

Os alegados atos de corrupção envolvem a alegada participação económica em negócios bem como o financiamento de partidos, prevaricação de titular de cargo político, tráfico de influências e abuso de poder.

Através de dezenas de escutas telefónicas bem como centenas de e-mails apreendidos a Fernando Medina "com relevância criminal", segundo a TVI, reforçaram-se os indícios da Polícia Judiciária e da procuradora Andrea Marques em relação aos casos sob investigação, onde Duarte Cordeiro, Ministro do Ambiente incumbente – número 2 de Fernando Medina na Câmara de Lisboa – é considerado suspeito. Os "acordos políticos entre Sérgio Azevedo (do PSD), Duarte Cordeiro e Medina (do PS) para a colocação de pessoas em lugares para avenças e posições estratégicas", em 2017.

Posteriormente, a magistrada do Ministério Público avança que a "emissão de faturas falsas e acordos com responsáveis do PS para adjudicação de contratos públicos a empresas violando a transparência, integridade, zelo e boa gestão dos dinheiros públicos". No processo Tutti Frutti, centenas de escutas e vigilâncias põem a nu alegados esquemas de um bloco central de interesses entre PS e PSD. Um pacto de regime descrito pela PJ num caso que começou por autarcas e altos responsáveis laranjas, mas que se estendeu à cúpula socialista na Câmara de Lisboa, em 2017. Em causa a distribuição de dezenas de avenças para trabalhos fictícios e negócios de milhões celebrados com empresas de amigos em ajustes diretos. Estes esquemas só eram possíveis pelo controlo de determinadas juntas de freguesia da Capital – umas do PSD, como a Estrela, Santo António ou Areeiro; e outras do PS.

Segundo a tese da investigação, Fernando Medina terá feito um acordo secreto, ou pacto de não agressão, com responsáveis do PSD, seis meses antes das eleições, no sentido de apresentar "candidatos [menos bons]" , expressão derivada de uma escuta telefónica a Sérgio Azevedo, do PSD). Nesse processo, Sérgio Azevedo surge também a dizer ao telefone que ficou "a dever favores a Medina" pelos 200 mil euros que a Câmara deu ao Rugby do Belenenses, para a construção de um campo cuja adjudicação Azevedo queria entregar à empresa de um amigo, Carlos Eduardo Reis, hoje deputado do PSD.

Ver também
 Fernando Medina, um dos principais arguídos
 XXI Governo Constitucional de Portugal, executivo sobre o qual recaem as acusações temporalmente.

Processos judiciais em Portugal
Criminalidade em Portugal
2023 em Portugal

Caso Tutti Frutti


Charles Hufnagel, né le , à Vichy, est un conseiller en communication français. Ancien conseiller communication du Premier ministre Édouard Philippe, il est actuellement directeur exécutif de la communication du Groupe Carrefour.

Biographie
Charles Hufnagel est diplômé de Sciences Po en 1997, et titulaire d'une licence d'histoire. Son frère, Johan Hufnagel, est le fondateur du média Loopsider.

Carrière dans le privé
Charles Hufnagel commence sa carrière en 1998 à la direction de la communication d'EDF.

En 2001, il rejoint le groupe AREVA, au sein de la direction de la communication. Nommé chef du service de presse d'AREVA en 2003, Charles Hufnagel prend la responsabilité des relations institutionnelles en 2006.

En 2007, il devient directeur adjoint de la communication du groupe. Il y rencontre Édouard Philippe, futur Premier ministre de la France, qui le présente à Alain Juppé et à son conseiller Gilles Boyer.

À partir de juin 2008, il représente AREVA à Abou Dhabi, puis en Corée du Sud.

Carrière en politique
Fin 2010, Charles Hufnagel quitte AREVA pour exercer les fonctions de conseiller en communication au cabinet d'Alain Juppé, dans un premier temps au ministère de la Défense, puis au ministère des Affaires étrangères.

En 2016, il est nommé directeur de la communication de Saint-Gobain, puis rejoint la même année la campagne d'Alain Juppé lors de la primaire de la droite et du centre. Il y travaille en tant que directeur de la communication, auprès de Gilles Boyer, qui est alors directeur de la campagne, et Eve Zuckerman, responsable digitale.

En 2017, Édouard Philippe, nommé Premier ministre, recrute Charles Hufnagel comme conseiller communication au sein de son cabinet, sous la direction de Benoît Ribadeau-Dumas.

Charles Hufnagel pilote la communication d'Édouard Philippe sur les séquences marquantes du quinquennat d'Emmanuel Macron, dont l'annonce de l'abandon du projet d'aéroport à Notre-Dame-des-Landes, l'incendie de Notre-Dame de Paris, les réformes du code du travail, l'ouverture à la concurrence de la SNCF ou encore la crise des gilets jaunes.

Il prend aussi en main la coordination de la communication de l'ensemble des ministres du Gouvernement, lors de réunions bimensuelles avec les communicants de chaque ministre, pendant lesquelles il arbitre les messages et le calendrier de communication gouvernemental.

Sous sa direction, la communication du Premier ministre se modernise : pour la première fois, le Premier ministre répond en direct sur les réseaux sociaux chaque semaine aux questions des citoyens. Édouard Philippe est aussi le premier Premier ministre à intervenir sur la plateforme Twitch.

Lorsque commence la crise du Covid-19 en mars 2020, Charles Hufnagel fait partie de l'équipe rapprochée autour du Premier ministre chargée de répondre à la situation sanitaire. La communication d'Édouard Philippe est articulée autour de conférences de presse régulières, graphiques et visuels à l'appui, dans lesquelles il répartit la parole entre les membres du Gouvernement.

Retour dans le secteur privé
Le 3 juillet 2020, Édouard Philippe quitte son poste du Premier ministre, et Charles Hufnagel quitte son cabinet. Recruté par Alexandre Bompard, il rejoint en septembre 2021 le Groupe Carrefour, en tant que directeur exécutif de la communication.

Notes et références

Journaliste français du XXe siècle
Journaliste français du XXIe siècle
Communication politique
Naissance en décembre 1973
Élève de l'Institut d'études politiques de Paris

Charles Hufnagel


An Habenaria spiraloides in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eugène Jacob de Cordemoy. An Habenaria spiraloides in nahilalakip ha genus nga Habenaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha R�union. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Habenaria

Habenaria spiraloides


Glenn Thomas Jacobs (d. 26 Nisan 1967, Torrejón de Ardoz) Amerikalı aktör ve profesyonel güreşçi.

Hayatı
Glenn Thomas Jacobs, 26 Nisan 1967 tarihinde dünyaya geldi. 1992 yılında bir bağımsız güreş federasyonunda profesyonel güreş kariyerine başladı. World Wrestling Federation'a katılmadan önce Smoky Mountain Wrestling ve United States Wrestling Association gibi şirketlerde güreşti. 1997 yılına kadar çeşitli karakterleri canlandırdı. Bir süre sonra Kane adıyla anılmaya başladı ve maskeli olarak The Undertaker'ın üvey kardeşi rolünü canlandırmaya başladı. Debut yaptıktan sonra 1990'ların sonları ve 2000'lerin başları arasında süren Attitude Era'da şirketin önemli bir parçası olarak devam etti. O dönemin "poster çocuğu" olarak tanıtılan Stone Cold Steve Austin'i kendisinin ilk pay-per-view ana maçı olan King of the Ring 1998'de WWF Şampiyonluğu'nun ortada olduğu bir maçta mağlup etti. 2010 ortalarında da WWE pay-per-view kartlarında bulunduğu yeri devam ettirdi.

WWF/E kariyeri boyunca toplam 18 şampiyonluk kazandı. Kazandığı bu şampiyonluklar ise (bir kere WWF Şampiyonluğu, ECW Şampiyonluğu ve Dünya Ağırsıklet Şampiyonluğu) ve ayrıca 12-kez takım şampiyonu olmuştur, bunlar değişik partnerleri ile birlikte WWF/Dünya Takım Şampiyonluğu, WCW Takım Şampiyonluğu ve WWE Takım Şampiyonluğu'dur. Aynı zamanda kendisi Money in the Bank 2010 kazananıdır. Ayrıca Kane, 2006 yılında Imposter Kane ile feuda girmiştir. Kane aynı zamanda WWE'de bileği en güçlü olan güreşçidir. Ayrıca Kane kariyeri boyunca Royal Rumble'de 43 kişi elemiştir. Kane, The Undertaker'in tombstone hareketinden kurtulan ilk kişidir. Kane, günümüzde belediye başkanlığı yapmaktadır.

2018 yılında Cumhuriyetçi Parti'nin Knox County, Tennessee Belediye Başkanıdır. 4 Ağustos 2022 tarihinde yeniden Belediye Başkanı seçildi.

Filmografi

Profesyonel maç kaydı

| style="text-align:center;" colspan="8"|80 maç (45 galibiyet, 29 yenilgi, 6 sonuçsuz)
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|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Sonuç
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Rakip
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Şirket
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Etkinlik
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Zaman
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Tarih
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Yer
|  style="border-style:none none solid solid; "|Notlar
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|align=left| Mankind
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|align=left| Vader
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|align=left| The Undertaker
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|Kaybetti
|align=left| The Undertaker
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|align=left| Vader
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|align=left| Stone Cold Steve Austin
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|align=left| The Undertaker
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|align=left| Big Boss Man
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|align=left| Triple H
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|align=left| Mideon
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|align=left| The Undertaker
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|align=left| Big Show
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|align=left| Billy Gunn
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|align=left| Big Show
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|align=left| Big Show
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|align=left| X-Pac
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|align=left| X-Pac
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|align=left| X-Pac
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|align=left| Bull Buchanan
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|align=left| The Undertaker
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|align=left| Chris Jericho
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|align=left| Chris Jericho
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|align=left| Chris Jericho
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|align=left| Triple H
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|align=left| Test
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|align=left| Kurt Angle
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|align=left| Triple H
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|align=left| Batista
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|align=left| Rob Van Dam
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|align=left| Shane McMahon
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|align=left| Shane McMahon
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|align=left| Shane McMahon
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|align=left| Edge
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|align=left| Chris Benoit
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|align=left| Matt Hardy
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|align=left| Shawn Michaels
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|align=left| Gene Snitsky
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|align=left| Gene Snitsky
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|align=left| Big Show
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|align=left| Imposter Kane
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|align=left| Umaga
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|align=left| Umaga
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|align=left| Montel Vontavious Porter
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|align=left| The Great Khali
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|align=left| Kenny Dykstra
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|align=left| Shelton Benjamin
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|align=left| Chavo Guerrero
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|align=left| Chavo Guerrero
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|align=left| Rey Mysterio
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|align=left| Rey Mysterio
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|align=left| CM Punk
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|align=left| The Great Khali
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|align=left| The Great Khali
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|align=left| Drew McIntyre
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|align=left| Edge
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|align=left| John Cena
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|align=left| John Cena
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|align=left| Randy Orton
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|align=left| Randy Orton
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|align=left| Zack Ryder
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|align=left| Daniel Bryan
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|align=left| Dean Ambrose
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|align=left| Bray Wyatt
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|align=left| Daniel Bryan
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|align=left| Ryback
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|align=left| Seth Rollins
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|align=left| Luke Harper
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Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1967 doğumlular
Yaşayan insanlar
Maskeli güreşçiler
Amerikalı siyasetçiler
Amerikalı iş insanları
Amerikalı erkek profesyonel güreşçiler
WWE Hall of Fame

Kane (güreşçi)


Dodekalitten er et kunstværk under opførelse ved Glentehøj (Kragenæs) på Lolland med udsigt over Smålandshavet om 300 m fra kysten. Værket består af en kreds af 12 planlagte stenstøtter. Hver sten er 7-9 meter høj, hvor de øverste 2 meter er udhugget som hoveder. Fra kredsens siddesten lyder der elektroakustisk musik i døgnets lyse timer.

Den grundlæggende ide bag kunstværket er skabt af komponist Gunner Møller Pedersen og billedhugger Thomas Kadziola. Gunnar Møller Pedersen fandt på sagnet om lolerne, et fiktivt folkeslag der knytter kunstværket til en forestilling om de mennesker der indvandrede til Lolland for ca. 7.500 år siden.

Første mejselhug fandt sted i november 2010, men der opstod på et tidspunkt en konflikt mellem de to ophavsmænd, og Pedersen måtte forlade projektet i 2016. Pedersen udgav efterfølgende bogen Dodekalitten: Drømmen om Lolerne.. Projektets første fem år er beskrevet i filmen "Dodekalitten - de første fem år 2009-2014" .

Billedhuggeren Kadziola arbejder i disse år på at færdiggøre værket. I 2020 bestod værket af fem færdige sten, en ufærdig samt fire groft tilhuggede sten. De fem færdige sten har navnene Baldur, Lodir, Ydis, L'nir og L'dis.

I 2017 trådte komponist Wayne Siegel ind i kunstprojektet og har til opgave at programmere og udvikle værkets lydside.

Dodekalitten planlægges færdig i 2025.

De tolv sten
Sten 1: L'dis: Rejst på stedet 28. maj 2020. Stenen er lys grå larvikit fra Larvik, Norge.

Sten 2: Uhugget blok. Rød granit fra Bohuslän, Sverige.

Sten 3: L'nir:  (se evt. Lolnir). Rejst på stedet 30. september 2018. Stenen er rød granit fra Bohuslän, Sverige.

Sten 4: Ydis:  (se evt. Idun).  Rejst på stedet 1. juni 2016. Stenen er rød granit fra Bohuslän, Sverige

Sten 5: Unavngiven: Rejst på stedet 30. september 2018.

Sten 6: Uhugget blok. Rød granit fra Bohuslän, Sverige.

Sten 7:

Sten 8: Lodir: Lolnirs bror og hos lolerne ham, der passede ilden, og derfor også var lidt farlig at omgås.  Rejst på stedet 21. juni 2014. Stenen er sort diabas.

Sten 9:

Sten 10: Baldur: Også kaldet Balder, en nærmest unaturligt smuk mand, som alle, og ikke mindst kvinderne, forgudede. Grækerne kaldte ham senere "Adonis", og han brød sig ikke om at slås, men holdt af at gå nøgen rundt om sommeren. Han var ikke særligt god til at synge, men deltog alligevel i korsangen. Rejst på stedet 21. juni 2014. Stenen er sort diabas.

Sten 11: Røst: Rejst på stedet 20. juni 2021. Stenen er larvikit fra Larvik, Norge

Sten 12: Uhugget blok. Rød granit fra Bohuslän, Sverige.

___

Lolnir: Lolernes legendariske høvding der opfandt runerne og dermed skriftsproget. [...] Lolnir/Odin er i mytologien samme skikkelse som Zeus og nogle gange Apollon. Han personificerer det mandlige, handlende princip, og han strejfede som Apollon ofte om alene i månedsvis.

Idun (den Hvide): Formodentlig en af Baldurs døtre.

(Kilde: Drømmen om Lolerne af Gunnar Møller Pedersen)

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

 Dodekalitten.dk: Hjemmeside om kunstværket
 Drømmen om Lolerne: Gunnar Møller Pedersens bog om projektet

Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Lolland Kommune
Skulpturer i Danmark

Dodekalitten


Urzulei (sardisk: Orthullè) er en by og en kommune (comune) i provinsen Nuoro i regionen Sardinien i Italien. Byen ligger i 511 meters højde og har 1.231 indbyggere (2016). Kommunen har et areal på 129,64 km² og grænser til kommunerne Baunei, Dorgali, Orgosolo, Talana og Triei.

Referencer

Henvisninger

Kommuner i provinsen Nuoro

Urzulei