Doom Patrol is a superhero team from DC Comics.  The original Doom Patrol first appeared in My Greatest Adventure #80 (June 1963), and was created by writers Arnold Drake and Bob Haney, along with artist Bruno Premiani.  Doom Patrol has appeared in different incarnations in multiple comics, and have been adapted to other media. The series' creator and fans have suspected that Marvel Comics copied the basic concept to create the X-Men, which debuted a few months later.

Doom Patrol are a group of super-powered misfits whose "gifts" caused them alienation and trauma.  Dubbed the "world's strangest heroes"  by editor Murray Boltinoff, the original team included the Chief (Niles Caulder), Robotman (Cliff Steele), Elasti-Girl (Rita Farr), and Negative Man (Larry Trainor); Beast Boy (Garfield Logan) and Mento (Steve Dayton) joined soon after.  The team remained the featured characters of My Greatest Adventure, which was re-titled Doom Patrol as of issue #86 (March 1964).  The original series was canceled in 1968 when Drake killed the team off in issue #121, last of that series, (September–October 1968).  Since then, there have been six Doom Patrol series, with Robotman as the only character to appear in all of them.

Publication history

My Greatest Adventure: Doom Patrol (volume 1)

Doom Patrol first appeared in 1963, when the DC title My Greatest Adventure, an adventure anthology, was being converted to a superhero format. The task, assigned to writer Arnold Drake, was to create a team that fit both of these formats. With fellow writer Bob Haney and artist Bruno Premiani, he created Doom Patrol, a team of super-powered misfits who were regarded as freaks by the world at large. According to Drake, editor Murray Boltinoff told him My Greatest Adventure was in danger of cancellation and he wanted him to create a new feature which might save it. Boltinoff was enthusiastic about Drake's initial pitch with Elasti-Girl and Automaton (changed to Robotman by the team's third appearance, issue #82), but Drake wanted a third character and enlisted Haney's help in coming up with Negative Man.  The team was initially announced as "The Legion of the Strange".

Doom Patrol were announced on the cover art of My Greatest Adventure #80 (cover dated June 1963). Drake and Haney devised the plot for the issue together, and then each scripted half the issue independently (Drake the first half, Haney the second). Doctor Niles Caulder motivated the original Doom Patrol, bitter from being isolated from the world, to use their powers for the greater good. My Greatest Adventure was officially retitled The Doom Patrol beginning with issue #86.

In an interview, Drake discussed the conception of Doom Patrol.

The members of the Doom Patrol often quarrelled and had personal problems, something that was already common among superhero teams published by Marvel Comics such as Fantastic Four, but was novel among the DC lineup. Doom Patrol's rogues gallery matched the strange, weird tone of the series. Villains included the immortality-seeking General Immortus, the shape-shifting Animal-Vegetable-Mineral Man, and the Brotherhood of Evil led by the Brain, a disembodied brain kept alive by technology. The Brotherhood of Evil also included the intelligent gorilla Monsieur Mallah and Madame Rouge, who was given powers similar to those of Elongated Man, with the extra attribute of a malleable face, allowing her to impersonate various people.

The Doom Patrol had two crossovers: one with the Challengers of the Unknown, teaming up to fight Multi-Man and Multi-Woman; and second with the Flash in The Brave and the Bold #65.

As the popularity of the book waned, the publisher cancelled it. Drake killed off the entire Doom Patrol in the final issue, Doom Patrol #121 (September–October 1968) where Doom Patrol sacrificed their lives to Madame Rouge and General Zahl to save the small fishing village of Codsville, Maine. This was the first time in comic book history that a cancelled title was concluded with the death of its cast. Artist Bruno Premiani and editor Murray Boltinoff appeared at the beginning and the end of the story, asking fans to write to DC to resurrect Doom Patrol, although the latter was supposed to have been Arnold Drake. According to the writer, he was replaced with the editor because he had just resigned over a pay dispute and moved to Marvel Comics. He finished the script only out of friendship for Boltinoff. A few years later, three more issues appeared, reprints of earlier issues (#89, #95 and #90 appeared as #122, #123 and #124 respectively). A proper Doom Patrol revival did not occur until 1977, nine years after the original's demise.

Some similarities exist between the original Doom Patrol and Marvel Comics' original X-Men; Marvel acknowledged the similarity in its humor title Not Brand Echh. Both include misfit superheroes shunned by society and both are led by men of preternatural intelligence who use wheelchairs. These similarities ultimately led series writer Arnold Drake to argue that the concept of the X-Men must have been based on the Doom Patrol.

Drake stated:

In an interview shortly before his death in 2007, Drake took a more moderate position, stating that while it is possible Lee took his ideas from Doom Patrol, he could also have arrived at a similar concept independently: "Since we were working in the same vineyards, and if you do enough of that stuff, sooner or later, you will kind of look like you are imitating each other."

The Doom Patrol and the X-Men have many similarities. Both series feature stories that show the protagonists struggling with the mantle of heroism. Both teams are family-oriented with internal problems that are resolved through the aid of other members of the team. And both share some of the same writers such as Grant Morrison and John Byrne. However, while the Doom Patrol tends to go on bizarre and zany adventures, the X-Men tend to be more focused on the themes of racism and prejudice.

The four lead characters of the original series have much in common with the members of The Fantastic Four. Both teams, composed of a woman and three men, have one member with stretching powers, another with great strength trapped in a distorted or inhuman orange body, and a third whose form seems ablaze with fire or energy. One can extend the comparison by saying that the fourth member is either invisible or behind the scenes. This has inspired fan speculation that The Doom Patrol was inspired by, or imitative of, the earlier series. John Byrne, who has written and drawn all three sets of characters, has written that "I wish someone would ask Arnold Drake about the Doom Patrol's similarities with the Fantastic Four, instead of always bringing up the X-Men comparison."

Showcase: Paul Kupperberg's Doom Patrol
Writer Paul Kupperberg, a longtime Doom Patrol fan, and artist Joe Staton introduced a new team in Showcase #94 (August–September 1977). DC was then lining up features for the Showcase revival—the series was initially an anthology that would debut new characters who could springboard into their own series if they proved sufficiently popular, and Showcase #94 was the first new issue of the series in almost seven years. Editor Paul Levitz instructed Kupperberg and Staton to do a Doom Patrol feature. Kupperberg opted to create a new lineup because he wanted to respect the story in which the Doom Patrol met their deaths, and was inspired by Len Wein and Dave Cockrum's then-recent "all-new, all-different X-Men". Kupperberg has since said he is not proud of the reboot, remarking that "[I was] missing the point of the Doom Patrol. The original group were outsiders and freaks, while my new guys were just comic-book superheroes. I was young and inexperienced and new to writing, with about two years under my belt before getting the gig."

The new team is led by Celsius (Arani Desai), the Chief's previously unseen wife, who recreates the Doom Patrol to protect herself from General Immortus. Robotman is the only survivor of the original Doom Patrol, and his ruined body is replaced by a new, futuristic one built by Dr. Will Magnus. The Negative Spirit now possesses Russian cosmonaut Valentina Vostok, making her Negative Woman (although its presence does not render her radioactive), and she is able to transform her own body into its form rather than sending it out under control. The final member is Tempest aka Joshua Clay, a Vietnam veteran/deserter who fires energy blasts from his hands.

This new version of the team did not receive its own series following its three-issue tryout. Kupperberg said this was most likely due to poor sales, as even in the months prior to the DC Implosion he heard no word of a new Doom Patrol series. However, the team did receive a series of guest appearances in various DC titles, such as Superman Family (in a three part arc in the Supergirl feature that was intended for the recently canceled Super-Team Family), DC Comics Presents (teaming up with Superman in a story which revealed that Vostok's powers had changed to match Larry Trainor's exactly), and Supergirl. Robotman also appeared as an occasional supporting character in the Marv Wolfman and George Pérez era of Teen Titans, where it was revealed that Changeling, formerly DP associate Beast Boy, had arranged for Dayton Industries technicians to recreate the Caulder body design for Cliff. His first storyline here had him, the Titans, and a new Brotherhood of Evil battle Madame Rouge and General Zahl, the murderers of the original Doom Patrol, who died in the battle.

Eclipse Comics published Doom Patrol: The Official Index with covers drawn by John Byrne in 1984. The two-part series included all of their appearances from My Greatest Adventure #80 to their final appearance before their 1980s return.

Post-Crisis relaunch (volume 2, part 1)
Kupperberg's enthusiasm for the Doom Patrol remained, and in addition to writing some of the team's post-Showcase appearances, he eventually wrote a proposal for a new Doom Patrol series. The proposal was green-lit, and Kupperberg laid the groundwork for the new series by writing the John Byrne-illustrated Secret Origins Annual #1, published in 1987, which recapped the origins of the two iterations of the Doom Patrol that had existed thus far. In October 1987, DC relaunched Doom Patrol, written by Kupperberg and illustrated by Steve Lightle. Lightle took on the assignment with reluctance, having read and disliked Kupperberg's new Doom Patrol in Showcase #94–96, and soon quit due to several grievances, such as not being involved in plotting the comic despite the editor repeatedly promising that he would be. He was replaced by a young Erik Larsen after issue #5. Kupperberg later commented, "I like Erik's work, but I don't think he was exactly right for the Doom Patrol. To tell the truth, I don't think either Erik or myself were happy with the arrangement, but we did our best to make it work." For his part, Larsen said he was perfectly happy on the series, in part because on the few occasions where he disliked an aspect of Kupperberg's plots, he would simply revise the plot when he drew the issue. In retrospect, Larsen felt that this practice was overstepping his bounds, but said the editor never objected to it.

This incarnation was a more conventional superhero series than the original volume. It included new members who were hired to the team: the magnetically empowered strong-girl Lodestone (Rhea Jones); Karma (Wayne Hawking), whose psychic power make anyone trying to attack him fall over themselves; and Scorch (Scott Fischer), whose body generates phenomenal quantities of heat focused through his hands, requiring him to wear protective gloves at all times. A DC Comics Bonus Book appeared in issue #9 (June 1988). According to Kupperberg, sales on the series "started out okay, and descended to the point where I was removed from the book and replaced by Grant Morrison in the hopes he could salvage the title."

Grant Morrison's Doom Patrol (volume 2, part 2)
After the first 18 issues (and various crossovers and annuals), Kupperberg was replaced by Grant Morrison and the comic was no longer submitted to the CCA for approval (relieving the stories and images depicted of several constraints), starting with issue #19. Kupperberg agreed to help Morrison by writing out characters Morrison did not want to use: Celsius and Scott Fischer died before issue #18 - Celsius was killed in an explosion in DC Comics' "Invasion!" event, and Scott Fischer (already experiencing a recurrence of childhood leukemia) was the only known active superhero casualty of the Dominators' gene-bomb (also in "Invasion!"); Karma had left the team as he was still on the run from the law (he became a member of the Suicide Squad and died on his first mission with them in the "War of the Gods" crossover event); the Negative Spirit left Negative Woman's body; and Lodestone plunged into a coma, where she would remain for the first half of Morrison's run on the book. Tempest gave up fieldwork to become the team's physician. Conversely, Morrison picked up a throw-away character from DP #14, who was slipped into the art on the last page of #18 to set up Morrison's use: Dorothy Spinner is an ape-faced girl with powerful "imaginary friends." Morrison also substantially retooled Negative Man: Larry Trainor (revealed to be alive in the Kupperburg run, as a prisoner of an underground society but now powerless) is forcibly merged with the Negative Spirit (now a cosmic entity) and a black doctor named Dr. Eleanor Poole, to create a multigender multiracial gestalt entity known as Rebis. The new writer introduced some new characters to the team, including Crazy Jane, who had multiple personalities, and sentient neighborhood Danny the Street.

Morrison used DC's Invasion crossover to restart the book. They incorporated bizarre secret societies, elements of Dada, surrealism, and the cut-up technique pioneered by William S. Burroughs and Brion Gysin. They also borrowed the ideas of Jorge Luis Borges and Heinrich Hoffmann. The original creator, Arnold Drake, said Morrison's was the only subsequent run to reflect the intent of the original series.

Over the course of the series, Morrison dedicated some issues to parody and homage. Willoughby Kipling led the Doom Patrol on a parody of the Brujería story arc of Swamp Thing: A Murder of Crows in issues #31–32. Issue #42 featured the origin of Flex Mentallo, who was supposed to be the character in the Charles Atlas ad.  A belated lawsuit from the Charles Atlas Company showed that DC was protected under Fair Use doctrine in addition to an expired statute of limitations. Issue #53 featured a dream sequence that mimicked the Stan Lee/Jack Kirby Fantastic Four, borrowing plot points both from the Galactus Trilogy (FF #48–50) and FF #51, "This Man, This Monster." A 1992 special called Doom Force was released as a one-shot and was meant to mimic and parody the X-Force book by Rob Liefeld. Issue #45 parodied Marvel's Punisher and Alan Moore in a satire called the Beard Hunter, a perpetually clean-shaven serial killer who murders bearded men and targets the Chief.

Morrison's villains were extremely unusual and strange, even by Doom Patrol's eccentric standards. For example:
Red Jack is a near-omnipotent being who thinks he is both Jack the Ripper and God. He lives in a house without windows, torturing butterflies to create the pain he needs to survive.
The Brotherhood of Dada are an anarchistic group who fight against reality and reason. It features members such as Sleepwalk, who can only use her tremendous powers when asleep (she takes sleeping pills and listens to Barry Manilow before battles), and The Quiz, who has "every superpower you hadn't thought of" and a pathological fear of dirt.
The Scissormen, a race of beings that attack non-fictional beings in the "real world" (i.e., the world the Doom Patrol live in) with their large scissor-like hands and cut people out of reality.

In issue #57, it was revealed that the Chief had secretly caused the "accidents" which turned Cliff, Larry Trainor, and Rita Farr into super beings. Chief stated he caused them to gain their powers (or in the case of Robotman, destroyed his original body in order to obtain his brain to put into his robot body) because of his hatred for them. He felt they were spoiled and narcissistic as well as shallow individuals, and that by turning them into "freaks," he could "improve" them as human beings. He further revealed that he lied about not being married to Celsius (the leader of the second Doom Patrol, who Caulder claimed was insane/lying about being married to him) out of anger. He was upset over how the experiments performed on her (like with Elasti-Girl) only gave her super-powers and did not turn her into a freak. When Tempest and Robotman found out his role in "creating" Robotman, Elasti-Girl, and Negative Man, Tempest was killed and Robotman paralyzed. Having been exposed as a villain, Caulder planned to unleash nanobots into the world, hoping to create a catastrophe that would "improve" humanity, regardless of the carnage it would cause. But Caulder's plan was hijacked by the Candlemaker, a violent cosmic horror who is freed by Dorothy in exchange for his resurrection of Tempest (who Candlemaker re-killed). Candlemaker then decapitated Caulder and sought to use the nanobots to enslave humanity. Dorothy, Crazy Jane, and Robotman (freed by the former two) defeated Candlemaker with help from the new reborn version of Rebis. Rebis briefly left the team to mate with a double of himself in order to be "reborn" in a new body as part of a cosmic ritual. However, during the battle, Jane was sent flying into a portal and landed in a world without heroes. Forcibly institutionalized for her mental issues in this new world, the final issue of Morrison's run had Robotman locate Jane as she was about to kill herself and take her to live with Cliff within the confines of Danny the Street. The cycle aptly ends with the words "There is another world... There is a better world... Well there must be", from the song Asleep by The Smiths.

Rachel Pollack's Doom Patrol (volume 2, part 3)
Morrison left the book with issue #63, and Rachel Pollack took over writing the book the next issue. Pollack's first issue was also the first under the new Vertigo imprint of DC Comics (although the trade paperback editions of Morrison's work do bear the imprint, the original issues did not). Returning characters for Rachel Pollack's run included Cliff Steele, Niles Caulder (kept alive by the nanobots, but reduced to a disembodied head, usually kept on a tray filled with ice), and Dorothy Spinner. Pollack's run had Dorothy as a primary member of the Patrol; she brought her imaginary friends to her aid in combat. Overall, Pollack's run dealt with issues such as the generation gap, humanity, identity, transgender issues, bisexuality, and borrowed elements from Judaism and Kabbalah in the last few issues. The angel Akatriel is used as a major character in the last seven issues.

The first story arc of her run was called "Sliding in the Wreckage". Cliff's computer brain started to malfunction, and he regressed into flashbacks from previous storylines. Dorothy was haunted by African spirits while dealing with living alone in the real world. The Chief was given a new body by Will Magnus, but to atone for his sins, Caulder ripped his head off the body and was kept in cryogenic storage. Meanwhile, the entire Earth had been suffering from random outbreaks of weirdness, contributed by the arrival of something called "The Book of Ice." A government agency known as the Builders, similar to the Men from N.O.W.H.E.R.E., were trying to stop the outbreak, which was apparently linked to a race of shapeshifters known as the Teiresias. As the Chief was kept in a cryogenic state, he appeared in the land of the Teiresias as a face carved in a mountain. They warned him that his arrival in this world was causing the craziness in the real world. Throughout the storyline, little people with backward letters for heads had been seen altering people. These people were apparently older version of nanomachines, referred to as "nannos". At the Doom Patrol headquarters, Builder agents attacked, and in the craziness, two of the Teiresias approached Dorothy with a new brain for Cliff, but to insert it she needed the Chief's expertise. In the Teiresias world, nannos "repaired" the Chief so he could live as a severed head. After his awakening, the craziness seemed to stop, and Dorothy, Cliff, and the Chief each realized that they needed to be together.

The team relocated to Violet Valley's Rainbow Estates, a house haunted by ghosts of those who died in sexual accidents. There, three new members joined. The Bandage People, George and Marion, who were once two workers for the Builders but managed to escape; and the Inner Child, a manifestation of the ghosts' purity and innocence. Another later newcomer of the team was Kate Godwin, aka Coagula, one of the first transgender superheroes. A one-time ally of the team called the Identity Addict, who could become different superheroes by shedding her skin like a lizard, integrated herself back into the team while using the False Memory identity to change the team's memories until she was kicked out by Dorothy.

Villains that the team fought, besides the Builders, included the Fox and the Crow, two animal spirits whose feud Dorothy and Cliff were subsequently pulled into; the Master Cleaner, a being with a human fetus inside a bubble for a head who began "cleaning" the world by stripping it down to nothing and replacing the stolen items, including people, with a paper ticket; and a group of Hassidic healers who called themselves the False Healers and their leader, the Rabbi of Darkness.

Toward the end of the series, Cliff Steele's brain became entirely robotic, until Dorothy Spinner used her imaginary friends to "repair" it. The Chief would later die after trying to enter the Sephirot or Tree of Life.

A new artist, Ted McKeever, took over the artwork for most of the final 13 issues. Pollack continued writing the title until its cancellation with issue #87, in February 1995.

John Arcudi's Doom Patrol (volume 3)
In December 2001, writer John Arcudi and artist Tan Eng Huat launched a new Doom Patrol series. This relaunch was not under the Vertigo imprint and returned the title to the mainstream DC universe. The series lasted for 22 issues before it was cancelled.

Arcudi's run largely ignored Morrison and Pollack's runs at first; Arcudi stated in interviews at the time, that the disconnect with the Vertigo run was due to DC editorial having an agreement in play banning writers from using characters and concepts from his run; most notably Rebis/Negative Man and Crazy Jane. However, due to negative fan response to the run; Arcudi was allowed to make reference to the Vertigo series to explain what had happened to the characters from the Pollack run.

The run featured two Doom Patrols: a corporate run Doom Patrol employed by Thayer Jost for Jost Enterprises featuring existing DC characters (Metamophoro, Elongated Man, the second Doctor Light and Beast Boy) and a second "underground" Doom Patrol, run by Robotman and featuring new characters: Fast Forward who could look 60 seconds into the future, Kid Slick who could become entirely frictionless, Fever who could set herself alight, and Freak who possessed mysterious powers from a patristic entity in her soul. The later Doom Patrol were the main characters of the run, with the Jost owned group disbanding when it is revealed by Metamorpho that Robotman had reportedly died four years earlier which results in the 'imposter' Robotman in the team to vanish into nothingness.

The Doom Patrol later rebuild the real Robotman once they recover his head and come to an agreement that Thayer Jost will fund the group so long as Jost has the distributing rights to the Doom Patrol which he uses to create a Doom Patrol TV series based on the Silver Age Team. Over the course of the run Fast Forward loses control of his powers when he tries to look beyond 60 seconds into the future and has to suppress them with medicine in order to function while Kid Slick and Fever start a relationship with one another despite the latter accidentally hospitalising  the former with her powers. It is later revealed that part of Robotman's agreement with Jost involves Jost funding for Dorothy Spinner's healthcare as she has been in a coma for the last four years, Cliff deduces that the 'imposter' Robotman was an imaginary Cliff that Dorothy had subconsciously manifested.

Visiting Dorothy, Cliff regained his lost memories and how Dorothy became comatose. Deciding to end the Doom Patrol, Coagula and Cliff took Dorothy to Kentucky to meet her previously unknown birth mother to offer Dorothy a chance at a more 'normal' life, but fearing that Coagula and Cliff were abandoning her, Dorothy had an explosive psychic outburst that reportedly killed Coagula and Cliff, and left her comatose. After finding out that Dorothy was permanently brain dead, Cliff gave the doctors permission to turn off her life support. The death of Dorothy ended Robotman's contract with Jost resulting in Fast Forward, Fever, Kid Slick and Freak being evicted and striking out together with royalty money that Jost gave them from his Doom Patrol TV series, while Cliff set off into the world once again alone.

Arcudi's new characters have made very few subsequent appearances, mainly constituting cameos.

John Byrne's Doom Patrol (volume 4)
In August 2004, DC launched a new Doom Patrol series after the new team debuted in JLA. John Byrne wrote and illustrated this series, with inks by Doug Hazlewood. Touted as "Together again for the first time!", Byrne rebooted the series, eliminating all previous Doom Patrol continuity.

The series debuted as part of a six-part storyline that ran in JLA #94–99 as "The Tenth Circle", though Byrne only drew this arc as it was written by Chris Claremont.

This reboot was both controversial and short-lived. Besides the removal of the popular Morrison run (and its characters) from canon and the butterfly effect it had on the Teen Titans  (which did its best to limit references to Beast Boy's past and avoided using the Brotherhood of Evil until the Byrne run was canceled and Geoff Johns could restore the previous lore), the series garnered controversy over a scene where Robotman and Elasti-Girl are sent back in time and inhabit their younger selves' bodies. During their time in the past, Robotman declares his love for Elasti-Girl. However, due to an age gap between the two heroes, Rita is trapped in her twelve-year-old self's body when the adult Cliff reveals his romantic feelings and kisses her. DC canceled Byrne's series with issue #18.

"Infinite Crisis" and "One Year Later"
DC editorial used the events of the "Infinite Crisis" storyline to restore the Doom Patrol's continuity. In escaping from the paradise dimension they had inhabited since the end of Crisis on Infinite Earths, Superboy-Prime and Alex Luthor created temporal ripples which spread throughout reality, causing overlaps on parallel timelines of certain events (Hypertime), such as restoring Jason Todd to life.

In the reprinted edition of Infinite Crisis, additional scenes added to the collection showed Fever, Kid Slick, Ava, Nudge, Grunt, and Vortex among a two-page spread of heroes.

While assisting the Teen Titans in battling Superboy-Prime, members of the Doom Patrol had flashbacks to their original history. Robotman and Niles Caulder regained memories of the previous Doom Patrol teams with which they had worked. This battle apparently undid some of Superboy-Prime's timeline changes and resulted in a timeline incorporating all previous incarnations of the Doom Patrol, but with Rita Farr and Larry Trainor still alive. The Chief confirmed that Rita was indeed killed by Zahl's explosion. The Chief claimed that he later found her skull and treated it with synthetic proteins until her malleable body was regrown from it.

Steve Dayton is again using the Mento helmet and he is mentally unstable; however, he remembers his time as the Crime lord. The Chief appears to be manipulating the Doom Patrol members once again; he claims to wish to return them to normal so "maybe one day [they] won't be freaks anymore." After the Doom Patrol encounters the Titans, the Chief tells them that Kid Devil should be a member of the Doom Patrol instead of the Titans, since his unique appearance and nature will always separate him from others. However, Beast Boy, Elasti-Girl, and Mento all stand up to the Chief and force him to step down as the Doom Patrol's leader, with Mento taking over that role.

Two former members of the Teen Titans were dramatically altered during the course of the "Infinite Crisis". Mal Duncan, now code-named Vox, and his wife (Bumblebee) now reside in the Doom Patrol's castle headquarters.

The Doom Patrol later appear in The Four Horsemen series (2007), with Caulder back in charge. According to Titans (vol. 2) #1, Beast Boy has recently become the team leader.

In DC Universe: Decisions, Robotman has a supporting role while Mento appears in issue #4.

Keith Giffen's Doom Patrol (volume 5)
On February 7, 2009, it was announced at the New York Comic Con that Keith Giffen would be spearheading a revival of Doom Patrol, a title which he has long said he wanted to write. He was joined by artist Matt Clark, who has also long expressed a desire to work on the team. The new series focused on the core members Elasti-Girl, Negative Man, Robotman, and the Chief, while other members such as Mento, Bumblebee, and Vox were to be seen later. The title launched with a 10-page ongoing Metal Men co-feature written by J. M. DeMatteis.

In the first issue, Rita takes on the alias "Elasti-Woman", and according to the team shrink, she's "mothering" Bumblebee, who's now eight inches tall after being shrunk—rather conveniently for her codename—to the size of a bee in Infinite Crisis.

Nudge, Byrne's addition to the team, was killed in the line of duty and Grunt took off with her corpse.

The current team is working out of Oolong Island (from 52), which has been turned into a resort town while still maintaining a large super-science background. The Challengers of the Unknown's Rocky Davis is also working closely with the team for spiritual support.

Former member Crazy Jane appears in issue #7. Danny the Street, in a reduced aspect, appears in issue #8.

Ambush Bug joined the team at the end of issue #9.

The series was canceled, due to a decrease in sales, with issue #22 in May 2011.

The New 52
In September 2011, The New 52 rebooted DC's continuity. In this new timeline, the Doom Patrol is briefly mentioned in issue #24 of Justice League. The team is depicted to be identical in appearance to Paul Kupperberg's 1977 Doom Patrol, consisting of members Celsius, Joshua Clay, and Negative Woman, with additional members Karma and Scott Fischer.

During the "Forever Evil" storyline, Valentina Vostok, Karma, and Scott are killed during a confrontation with Johnny Quick and Atomica of the Crime Syndicate, while Celsius and Joshua Clay are presumably killed. Upon learning of his team's demise, Doctor Niles Caulder sets about assembling a new Doom Patrol.

Following the defeat of the Crime Syndicate, the newly created Doom Patrol is introduced in issue #30 of Justice League. The team includes Robotman, Elasti-Girl, Negative Man and M.I.A. Justice League member Element Woman, whom Caulder refuses to let leave the group and tricks into thinking she was abandoned by the Justice League.

The team attempt to capture Jessica Cruz, the new Power Ring, to force her to join the team. During their attempt to capture her, Caulder demands the team refuse to save civilians in a collapsing building to allow him to lobotomize Cruz and force her to serve him. The Justice League save the people in the building and Lex Luthor manages to hold Caulder back so Batman can convince Cruz to go with the League instead. During their fight, Luthor reveals that Caulder (as he did in the Morrison run) was responsible for causing the "accidents" that gave the Doom Patrol their powers and that both Celsius and Joshua Clay used the chaos of the events of Forever Evil to fake their deaths and escape from Caulder. It is also revealed that Caulder poisoned an entire fishing village as part of an experiment, and cured the residents only after Luthor discovered the truth and threatened to expose him.

Gerard Way's Doom Patrol (volume 6)
A new Doom Patrol series written by Gerard Way and drawn by Nick Derington was created as part of the Young Animal imprint. The first issue was published on September 14, 2016. The series has created a multitude of original characters as well as some taken from former team rosters.

Casey Brinke, a fictional character that Danny The Street created in order to communicate with people through comic books, was contacted by Danny when he became threatened by a group of aliens known as Vectra. They wished to profit from his power to create life by turning his fictional people into cheap meat at a fast food restaurant. Danny reached out to Casey, hoping that she could find and join the Doom Patrol after explaining her origin story, both the fictional origin story he had created for her and how she had become a real person.

Casey agreed to help. She piloted Danny, currently taking the form of an ambulance, into his attackers' headquarters, discovering that the leader of the organization was none other than her fictional father Torminox, accidentally brought to life when Vectra had tortured Danny. Alongside Torminox was an evil version of Casey, known as Doodle Bug. She was also created when Danny was tortured and reflects his concern regarding how Casey would become in the real world. Despite the family drama, Casey and the Doom Patrol defeated Vectra and freed Danny from Vectra's clutches.

Afterward, the team sets out to find Crazy Jane, who was running a cult under the influence of her current dominant ego Dr. Harrison. Harrison wished to purge the 63 other personalities within Jane's mind by distributing them among the mind-controlled cult members using a gene bomb. After the process, she would kill them all. Jane and the team managed to stop this plan and save the cult members while also killing the Dr. Harrison personality within Jane.

The team is contacted by Niles Caulder in a later issue and embark on a mission with him leading. The mission goes haywire and it is revealed that Niles Caulder is gambling again, leading the team to evict him as a leader and as a member of the team. This marks the team embracing being a new iteration of the Doom Patrol.

Doom Patrol: Weight of the Worlds

First published in July 2019, Doom Patrol: Weight of the Worlds retained the oversight of Gerard Way's Young Animal imprint, and directly continued from the ending of Volume 6. The series saw the return of Elasti-Girl and Mento to the team and a brief appearance of Beast Boy. The plot primarily concerned Cliff Steele acquiring a new robot body that was ever upgrading to the point that he became an entire planet in an attempt to protect the universe from hurt, motivated by his mother disowning him and the loss of Dorothy Spinner.
Cliff was eventually persuaded to stop by Crazy Jane who helped to deconstruct him into an infantile form.
The series was cancelled in October 2019 and came to a conclusion with its seventh issue in July 2020.

Infinite Frontier
Following the cancellation of their series, Robotman, Elasti-Girl, and Negative Man were reintroduced to the main DC continuity, alongside Niles Caulder, in issue #1 of Batman/Superman: World's Finest. The team helped the titular superheroes defeat Metallo and later performed surgery on Superman in order to cure him from red kryptonite poisoning.

Unstoppable Doom Patrol (volume 7)
The seven-issue Unstoppable Doom Patrol series by writer Dennis Culver, artist Chris Burnham, and colorist Brian Reber launched March 28, 2023.

Enemies

Over the years, The Doom Patrol have fought various Enemies such General Zahl, General Immortus, Brotherhood of Evil, Mr. Nobody, Garguax, Shrapnel, Red Jack, Vincent Harding, Darren Jones, The Scissor Men, Mutant Master, Black Vulture, The Claw, AVM etc.

Other versions

Tangent Comics
In 1997, DC released the Tangent Comics series of books, built on the premise of a world that diverged from the mainstream following the events of the Cuban Missile Crisis. The series featured characters with the same names as mainstream DC characters but were otherwise unrelated to them. The series included a one-shot Doom Patrol title. This Doom Patrol consisted of four heroes: Doomsday, Star Sapphire, Firehawk, and Rampage. The heroes traveled back in time from 2030 to 1997 to prevent Earth's destruction. The Tangent books were later integrated into the DC Multiverse (as Earth-9) as part of the events of Infinite Crisis.

Just Imagine...
In Stan Lee's Just Imagine..., a version of the Doom Patrol appeared as villains under the Reverend Darrk, as three death row criminals are under his son Adam's control later on against the JLA. They consisted of crime boss Brock Smith / Blockbuster, serial killer Lucinda Radama / Parasite, and criminal Deke Durgan / Deathstroke.

Collected editions

My Greatest Adventure/Volume 1
Drake and Premiani's run is available in color as:

It is available in black and white Showcase editions as well:

An omnibus collecting the entire run was also released.

Issues #122–124 of Doom Patrol are reprinted material.

Volume 2

Volume 2-related miniseries

Volume 4

Volume 5
The Keith Giffen written Doom Patrol has been collected in the following trades:

A third collection, titled Fire Away containing issues #14–22, was originally scheduled but never released.

Volume 6
The sixth volume of Doom Patrol, written by Gerard Way, was published under DC's Young Animal Imprint, headed by Way.

In other media

Television

Animated
 The Doom Patrol appear in the Teen Titans two-part episode "Homecoming", consisting of Mento, Negative Man, Robotman, and Elasti-Girl. Additionally, Beast Boy was also a member of the team before he left and eventually joined the Teen Titans.
 The original Doom Patrol appears in the Batman: The Brave and the Bold episode "The Last Patrol!", consisting of the Chief, Elasti-Girl, Negative Man, and Robotman. This version of the team operated years prior until they failed to save a hostage amidst General Zahl's invasion of Paris and disbanded. In the present, Batman helps the Doom Patrol come out of retirement when Zahl forms an alliance with the rest of the Doom Patrol's enemies to seek revenge. While Batman defeats Zahl and his alliance, the Doom Patrol sacrifice themselves to save the town of Codsville, whose residents rename their town to "Four Heroes" in their memory.
 The original Doom Patrol appear in a self-titled segment of DC Nation Shorts, consisting of the Chief, Elasti-Girl, Negative Man, and Robotman.
 The Doom Patrol appear in Teen Titans Go!, consisting of the Chief, Robotman, Elasti-Girl, and Negative Girl. Similarly to the Teen Titans series, Beast Boy was also a member before he joined the Teen Titans.
 The Doom Patrol appear in the Young Justice: Outsiders episode "Nightmare Monkeys", consisting of the Chief, Mento, Elasti-Girl, Robotman, Negative Woman, and Beast Boy. This version of the team, barring Mento, Beast Boy, and Robotman, were all killed while on a mission years prior.

Live-action
 The original Doom Patrol appear in a self-titled episode of Titans, consisting of the Chief, Elasti-Woman, Robotman, and Negative Man.

 The Doom Patrol appear in a self-titled TV series, consisting of the Chief, Robotman, Negative Man, Elasti-Woman, Jane, and Cyborg. Additionally, a 1950s incarnation of the team appears in the episode "Doom Patrol Patrol", consisting of the Chief, Mento, Joshua Clay, Arani Desai, and Rhea Jones.
 The present-day Doom Patrol also make a cameo appearance in the Arrowverse crossover "Crisis on Infinite Earths" via archive footage of a deleted scene from a season one episode.

See also
 List of Doom Patrol members

References

 Callahan, Timothy (2007) Grant Morrison: The Early Years. Masters of the Medium. Sequart Research & Literacy Organization.

External links
 Doom Patrol at the DC Database Project
 Doom Patrol at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on April 22, 2016.

Waiting For Doom fan made podcast, reviewing all issues of the Doom Patrol

DC Comics titles
DC Comics franchises
Comics characters introduced in 1963
1987 comics debuts
Comics by Grant Morrison
Comics by J. M. DeMatteis
Comics by John Byrne (comics)
Comics by Paul Kupperberg
Characters created by Bob Haney
Characters created by Arnold Drake
Comics by Gerard Way
Comics about apes
Transgender-related comics
Comics adapted into television series

Doom Patrol


Tørveproduktionen sætter Rekord er en dokumentarfilm fra 1941 instrueret af Mogens Skot-Hansen efter manuskript af Mogens Skot-Hansen, U. Skodshøj, Gunnar Robert Hansen.

Handling
Der produceres fire millioner tons tørv i løbet af sommermånederne.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1941

Tørveproduktionen sætter Rekord


Yoan Pablo Hernández (født 28. oktober 1984) er en tidligere cubansk-tysk professionel bokser, der konkurrerede i cruiservægt. Han repræsenterede Cuba under Sommer-OL 2004 i Athen, hvor han blev slået ud i 2. runde.

Som professionel boksede han for tyske Team Sauerland hvor han den 1. oktober 2011 besejrede han den amerikanske cruiservægt- -verdensmester, Steve Cunningham, ved en 6. omgangs teknisk afgørelse og vandt IBF cruiservægt-verdensmesterskabstitlen. Udover dette har han slået bemærkelsesværdige navne som Thomas Hansvoll, Ali Ismailov, Steve Hérélius, Troy Ross, Aleksandr Alekseyev og Firat Arslan.

Noter

Boksere fra Cuba
Boksere fra Tyskland
Boksere ved sommer-OL 2004

Yoan Pablo Hernández


Lucien Storme foi um ciclista belga, nascido a 18 de julho de 1916 em Neuve-Église e falecido a 10 de abril de 1945. Considerado uma das grandes promessas do ciclismo belga, ganhou a Paris-Roubaix em 1938. participou em seu primeiro Tour de France ao ano seguinte onde teve que abandonar apesar de ganhar uma etapa.

Membro da resistência belga, foi feito prisioneiro de guerra em 1942 pelos alemães. Foi enviado ao campo de Siegburg. Ainda estava vivo a 10 de abril de 1945, dia da libertação deste campo de concentração pelos americanos. Na confusão da libertação, Lucien Storme, aos 28 anos, morreu por erro devido a balas americanas.

Palmarés
 1935
 1 etapa da Paris-Saint-Étienne

 1938
 Paris-Roubaix

 1939
 1 etapa do Tour de France

Resultados nas grandes voltas

Referências

Ciclistas da Bélgica
Vencedores de etapas do Tour de France
Vencedores da Paris-Roubaix
Pessoas mortas na Segunda Guerra Mundial

Lucien Storme


Die Hong Kong Open 2005 im Badminton fand vom 31. Oktober bis zum 6. November 2005 in Hongkong, statt. Das Preisgeld betrug 250.000 US-Dollar.

Sieger und Platzierte

Finalresultate

Weblinks
 badminton.de

World Badminton Grand Prix 2005
2005

Hong Kong Open 2005


Arak, (Arapça: 'araq' ﻋﺮﻕ terlemek kelimesinden gelir) Levant yöresine özgü üzüm, hurma veya şeker kamışından damıtılarak üretilen anasonlu bir içkidir. Anasonsuz olanı Arak Sagi (Farsça: عرق سگی) olarak İran'da üretilmekteydi, bunun tadı daha çok İtalyan grappasını andırmaktadır. Hindistan ve Güneydoğu Asya'da üretilen Arrak ile karıştırılmamalıdır. Arak sulandırılarak veya susuz olarak genelde meze ile tüketilir. Benzerleri Türkiye'de rakı, Yunanistan'da uzo, İtalya'da sambuca, Fransa'da pastis, Balkanlarda rakija/rakiya ve İspanya'da anis del mono adıyla üretilmektedir.

Kaynakça

 https://www.economist.com/christmas-specials/2003/12/18/liquid-fire
 https://www.thespruceeats.com/arak-middle-eastern-alcoholic-beverage-2355492
 https://www.liquorista.com/types-of-arak/

Damıtılmış içkiler
Arap mutfağı

Arak


An Pteroceras fragrans in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Henry Nicholas Ridley, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Leslie Andrew Garay. An Pteroceras fragrans in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pteroceras, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pteroceras

Pteroceras fragrans


Creștinismul și Islamul, religiile cu cel mai mare număr de adepți din lume, prezintă o serie de asemănări, precum: monoteismul, promovarea păcii, existența Raiului dar și a Iadului, a Judecății de Apoi sau a unor profeți (Isus din Nazaret, Adam, Noe, Avraam, Moise sau Muhammad) care au răspândit mesajul divin.

Dacă pentru creștinism autoritatea doctrinală este Biblia iar instituția reprezentativă este Biserica, pentru islam "Cartea Sfântă" este Coranul iar rugaciunile colective se desfășoară în moschei. Atât pentru creștini, cât și pentru musulmani și evrei, judecătorul suprem este Dumnezeu.

Mai vizibile sunt însă diferențele dintre cele două religii în ceea ce privește povestea lui Iisus, natura lui Dumnezeu, libertățile și obligațiile credincioșilor.

O scurtă definire a celor două religii

Creștinism

Creștinismul, alături de iudaism și islam, este o religie monoteistă, fiind prima ca număr de adepți din lume. Numele creștinilor provine de la cel al lui Isus Cristos, de la care a pornit această credință. Autoritatea doctrinală este Biblia, iar instituția reprezentativă este Biserica. Biblia reprezintă "cuvântul lui Dumnezeu" numita și Sfânta Scriptură. Biblia este  compusă din diferite "cărți" (80 la număr), grupate în Vechiul Testament și Noul Testament.

Islam

Islamul, religia tuturor musulmanilor, a fost fondată în secolul al VII-lea in Peninsula Arabă, de profetul Muhammad, bazată pe textul Coranului. Potrivit Islamului, Muhammad a fost ultimul profet și mesager al lui Dumnezeu (Allah în limba arabă). Coranul este cartea sfântă a musulmanilor alcătuită din revelațiile făcute de Dumnezeu către profetul Muhammad prin intermediul îngerului Gabriel direct în limba arabă. Revelația coranică, dintre anii 612-632, s-a concretizat în 114 de capitole sau sure de lungimi diferite, de la 3 pană la 287 de versete, aranjate în ordine descrescătoare.

Asemănări
Creștinismul și Islamul sunt două religii monoteiste ce au un strămoș comun, pe profetul Avraam ce promovează existenta unui singur creator al universului, numit Dumnezeu sau Allah (în limba arabă). Dumnezeu a trimis diverși profeți precum Adam, Noe, Avraam, Moise care să răspândească mesajul divin. Biserica susține că Maria a fost fecioară în sens teologic, Coranul doar că a fost virgină.

Credincioșii au obligația de a respecta poruncile date și învățăturile morale ale profeților. Ambele religii susțin că nașterea lui Iisus, cât și semnele înfăptuite de acesta, au fost minuni.

Diavolul este reprezentarea răului și credincioșii nu trebuie să urmeze calea lui, deoarece Ziua de Apoi va veni și toți vor fi judecați pentru faptele comise. Existența Raiului și a Iadului unde, după moarte, credincioșii vor fi răsplătiți sau pedepsiți pentru faptele lor.

Deosebiri

Izbăvire
Creștișnism: În ceea ce privește izbăvirea, creștinismul susține că omul se naște cu păcatul originar.

"De aceea, precum printr-un om a intrat păcatul în lume și prin păcat moartea, așa și moartea a trecut la toți oamenii, pentru că toți au păcătuit în el."  (Epistola către Romani a Sfântului Apostol Pavel, 5:12).

Islam: Pe de altă parte, islamul susține că omul se naște fără de păcat.

Este Iisus calea către salvare?
Creștinismul susține că Iisus este singura cale de salvare a credincioșilor.

"Că întru numele lui Iisus tot genunchiul să se plece, al celor cerești și al celor pământești și al celor de dedesubt. Și să mărturisească toată limba că Domn este Iisus Hristos, întru slava lui Dumnezeu Tatăl." (Epistola către Filipeni a Sfântului Apostol Pavel, 2:10-11)

Islamul nu recunoaște puterea lui Iisus, susținând totuși că el este un profet, un mesager a lui Dumnezeu.

Spune însa și următoarele: "Eu sunt robul lui Dumnezeu care mi-a dăruit Cartea si m-a făcut Profet."  Sura 19 :30

Creștinismul spune că prin fapte și prin credința în și cu ajutorul singurului Dumnezeu Tatăl, Fiul și Duhul Sfânt oamenii se pot mântui. "Căci în har sunteți mântuiți, prin credință, și aceasta nu e de la voi: este darul lui Dumnezeu; Nu din fapte, ca să nu se laude nimeni."   (Epistola către Efesieni a Sfântului Apostol Pavel, 2:8-9)

Islamul susține că faptele bune le anulează pe cele rele.

"Săvârșește-ți rugăciunea la cele două capete ale zilei și în apropierea nopții. Cele bune fac să plece cele rele. Aceasta este o amintire pentru cei care își aduc aminte."  (Sura 11:114)

Despre Dumnezeu

Este Dumnezeu o trinitate ?
C : Creștinismul afirmă că Dumnezeu este Unul în ființă și întreit în ipostasuri(persoane divine): Tatăl, Fiul și Sfântul Duh.

I : Islamul consideră aceasta idee o blasfemie.

Cei care spun : "Dumnezeu este al treilea din trei sunt tăgăduitori. Nu este dumnezeu afara de Dumnezeu, Unul. Daca nu se leapădă de ceea ce spun, o osânda dureroasa îi va atinge pe cei care tăgăduiesc dintre ei." Sura 5 :73

Cine face parte din această trinitate ?
C : Potrivit Bibliei din trinitate fac parte Tatăl, Fiul și Sfântul Duh.

"Drept aceea, mergând, învățați toate neamurile, botezându-le în numele Tatălui și al Fiului și al Sfântului Duh." Sfânta Evanghelie după Matei (28:19)

I: In Coran se afirmă  că trinitatea din religia creștina este alcătuita din Dumnezeu- Tatal, Dumnezeu – Sfantul Duh (ingerul Gabriel) și –Fiul (Iisus).

Coranul spuse : "O, Iisus, fiu al Mariei ! Tu ai spus oamenilor : Luati-ma pe mine si pe mama mea drept dumnezei mai presus de Dumnezeu ?" Sura 5 :116

Povestea lui Iisus

A fost Iisus creat ?
C : Biblia susține că Iisus Hristos nu a fost creat ci născut din Dumnezeu Tatăl mai înainte de veci, de o ființă cu Tatăl, care prin pogorârea Duhului Sfânt și din fecioara Maria S-a făcut om.

"El este mai înainte decât toate și toate prin El sunt așezate." Epistola către Coloseni a Sfântului Apostol Pavel (1:17)

I : Islamul afirmă că Iisus a fost conceput în mod miraculos datorită voinței lui Dumnezeu.

"Iisus este înaintea lui Dumnezeu precum Adam pe care l-a creat din țarână și apoi îi spuse: "Fii !" Și așa a fost." Sura 3 :59

Este Iisus trimisul lui Dumnezeu sau  doar un simplu apostol ?
C : Biblia ne învață că Iisus este fiul lui Dumnezeu, Duhul Sfânt este cel trimis de către Tatăl.

"Iisus i-a zis: Eu sunt Calea, Adevărul și Viața. Nimeni nu vine la Tatăl Meu decât prin Mine."  Sfânta Evanghelie după Ioan (14:6)

I : Coranul ne spune că Iisus a fost doar un profet al lui Dumnezeu.

"O, oameni ai Cărții ! Nu întreceți măsura in credința voastră! Nu spuneți despre Dumnezeu decât Adevărul ! Da, Cristos ! Iisus, fiul Mariei, este trimisul lui Dumnezeu, Cuvântul Lui pe care l-a aruncat Mariei, un Duh de la El(…)"  Sura 4 :171

A fost Iisus crucificat ?
C : Creștinii susțin că Iisus a fost crucificat și a murit pentru iertarea păcatelor tuturor oamenilor.

"Căci am judecat să nu știu între voi altceva, decât pe Iisus Hristos, și pe Acesta răstignit." Epistola întâia către Corinteni a Sfântului Apostol Pavel (2:2)

I : Islamul afirmă ca Iisus nu a fost crucificat.
"După cum au mai spus:

"Da, noi l-am ucis pe Cristos, Iisus, fiul Mariei, trimisul lui Dumnezeu." Ei încă nici nu l-au ucis, nici nu l-au răstignit, ci numai li s-a părut așa(… )" Sura 4 :157

Iisus și Muhammad

Fiul lui Dumnezeu sau doar un muritor ?
C : Biblia afirmă că Iisus este fiul lui Dumnezeu.

"Despre Cel pe care Tatăl L-a sfințit și L-a trimis în lume, voi ziceți: Tu hulești, căci am spus: Fiul lui Dumnezeu sunt? (…)" Sfânta Evanghelie după Ioan (10:36)

I : Contrar Bibliei, Coranul, cartea sfântă a musulmanilor, afirma ca Iisus a fost doar un profet.

"Și ca să-i prevină pe cei care spun: "Dumnezeu si-a luat un fiu* ! Nici ei si nici tații lor nu au despre aceasta vreo știință. Grea este vorba ce le iese din gura. Ei nu spun decât minciuni !" Sura 18 :4-5

Cu păcat sau fără de păcat ?
C : Potrivit Bibliei, Iisus a fost fără de păcat "Căci spre aceasta ați fost chemați, că și Hristos a pătimit pentru voi, lăsându-vă pildă, ca să pășiți pe urmele Lui, Care n-a săvârșit nici un păcat, nici s-a aflat vicleșug în gura Lui,(…)" Întâia Epistolă Sobornicească a Sfântului Apostol Petru (2 :21-22)

I : Islamul afirmă că Muhammad a avut păcate.

Spune : "Eu nu sunt decât un om asemenea vouă si mi s-a dezvăluit ca Dumnezeul vostru este Dumnezeu Unul, iar cel care nădăjduiește în întâlnirea cu Dumnezeul său trebuie să săvârșească fapte bune și să nu alăture pe nimeni în închinăciunea sa către Domnul său*." Sura 18:110

Note

Creștinism
Islam

Creștinismul și Islamul


The flag of Togo () is the national flag, ensign, and naval jack of Togo. It has five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow. There is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner. It uses the pan-African colors of Ethiopia, but the design resembles the flag of Liberia, which itself echoes the flag of the United States, making it part of both the pan-African and Stars and Stripes flag families.

History
The flag was designed by artist Paul Ahyi and approximates a golden rectangle closely. Ahyi was regarded as among the greatest of African artists of his generation. Born in Togo, Ahyi graduated from the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1959 and returned to Togo. He designed the flag of Togo while working on other contemporary works. The flag was adopted on 27 April 1960, and is still in use. During France's rule over Togo from 1957 to 1958, the flag of French Togo was used. After Togo's independence, the first Flag of Togo was used from 1958 to 1960.

Symbolism
The four colors (green, red, white and yellow) are the pan-African colors.

The colors of the flag are meant to symbolize the following:
 Red represents blood shed by Martyrs to gain independence
 White star represents hope
 Green represents the forests, agriculture, nature, and overall hope for the future
 Yellow represents the natural resources of the country

The five stripes represent the five regions of Togo.

Geometry
The sides of the flag of Togo are in the golden ratio . As of July 2023, this makes it one of two national flags in active use with an irrational proportion, the other being the flag of Nepal.

Historical flags

See also
 Pan-African colours
 List of Togolese flags
 Coat of arms of Togo

References

Flags introduced in 1960
Flag
Flags of Africa
National flags

Flag of Togo


Shame é um filme mudo de 1921 dirigido por Emmett J. Flynn.

Sinopse
Em Xangai, viúvo, William Fielding é ajudado por Li Clung, o fiel secretário, que também cuida de David, filho de Fielding, confiando-o aos cuidados de uma jovem chinesa. A garota está apaixonada por Foo Chang, um comerciante, que, convencido de que a criança é seu filho, mata Fielding por ciúmes. Li Clung então leva o pequeno David para San Francisco, para seu avô, onde o menino cresce, herdando os bens de seu pai.

Agora adulto, David se casa. Foo Chang também quer envolver David em seu tráfico ilícito e revela a ele que sua mãe é chinesa e que ele é mestiço. Sem pedir confirmação a Li Clung, David deixa San Francisco e vai para o Alasca. Ele é seguido por sua esposa e fiel Li. No Alasca, Li Clung mata Foo Chang e depois explica a David que sua mãe era branca, não chinesa. David agora pode ir para casa com sua esposa e Li Clung.

Elenco

Notas

Bibliografia

Filmes ambientados em São Francisco (Califórnia)
Filmes dos Estados Unidos de 1921
Filmes de drama dos Estados Unidos
Filmes de drama da década de 1920
Filmes mudos dos Estados Unidos
Filmes em preto e branco
Filmes perdidos
Filmes em língua inglesa

Shame (1921)


Le coup d'État des Seychelles de 1977 est un coup d'État qui s'est produit aux Seychelles, pays d'Afrique de l'Est et de l'océan Indien, les 4 et . Entre 60 et 200 partisans du Parti populaire uni seychellois, qui s'étaient entraînés en Tanzanie, ont renversé le président Sir James Mancham du Parti démocratique des Seychelles (SDP) alors qu'il assistait à la rencontre des chefs de gouvernement du Commonwealth à Londres au Royaume-Uni.

Le coup d'État
Les insurgés prennent le contrôle de points stratégiques sur l'île principale de Mahé, où se trouve la capitale Victoria. Le commissariat central a été saisi "presque sans qu'aucun coup de feu ne soit tiré". En revanche, il y a eu un échange de tirs au commissariat de Mont Fleuri, où se trouvait l'arsenal. Un policier et un des insurgés ont été tués dans les combats.

Les comploteurs ont arrêté six officiers des forces armées britanniques, qui conseillaient la police des Seychelles depuis 1976, lorsque les Seychelles ont obtenu leur indépendance du Royaume-Uni. Les officiers et leurs familles, ainsi que le juge en chef de la Cour suprême, Aiden O'Brien Quinn, un juge irlandais également prêté aux Seychelles par son gouvernement, ont été transportés par avion en Europe.

Conséquences
Le chef du Parti populaire uni seychellois et premier ministre France-Albert René, qui a nié avoir connaissance du plan, a alors prêté serment en tant que président et formé un nouveau gouvernement.

Approché par les insurgés, René aurait accepté la présidence à trois conditions : que la sécurité des personnalités politiques soit garantie, que les accords internationaux restent en vigueur (dont celui permettant aux États-Unis de maintenir une station spatiale AFSCF à Mahé), et que des élections soient prévues pour 1978 (elles ont finalement eu lieu en 1979 ).

Voir aussi
 Histoire des Seychelles

Références

Forces armées des Seychelles
Histoire des Seychelles
1977 en politique
Bataille de 1977
Seychelles, 1977

Coup d'État de 1977 aux Seychelles


المدرسة العليا لعلوم وتطبيقات الصحة بالمنستير هي إحدى المؤسسات العليا التي تخضع للإشراف المزدوج من قبل وزارتي الصحة العمومية، والتعليم العالي والبحث العلمي والتكنولوجيا وتتبع جامعة المنستير، وقد أحدثت عام 1989 بمقتضى الأمر عدد89-104 مؤرخ في 11 ديسمبر 1989 وافتتحت في سبتمبر 1990. وقد تخرجت الدفعة الأولى من طلبتها في جوان

أرقام
طبقا لأرقام السنة الدراسية 2007-2008 يدرس بها 1309 طالبا من بينهم 1038 طالبة.

الشهادات
تؤمّن المدرسة تكوين الطلبة في اختصاصات مختلفة تنتهي بشهادة فني سام في الصحة العمومية في إحدى الاختصاصات التالية:
 التبنيج والإنعاش
 التصوير الطبي والعلاج بالأشعة
 التوليد
 طواقم أسنان
 العلاج الفيزيائي
 الكتابة الطبية والتوثيق(سابقا)
 العلوم الصيدلية(سابقا)

الإدارة
 المدير السابق : فتحي بتبوت
 المدير الحالي : شوقي لوصيف
 الكاتب العام السابق : مديحة بوعلاق
 الكاتب العام الحالي : مكي مديمغ

وصلة خارجية
موقع المدرسة العليا لعلوم وتطبيقات الصحة بالمنستير

مراجع

التعليم في تونس
تعليم عال
جامعة المنستير
معاهد علمية


1994 ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ජනාධිපතිවරණයයේ තුන්වන විය  ජනාධිපතිවරණය පිළිබඳ ශ්‍රී ලංකා . 1994 ඔක්තෝබර් 7 වන දින නාමයෝජනා පිළිගත් අතර මැතිවරණය 1994 නොවැම්බර් 9 දින පැවැත්විණි. මැතිවරණ සහභාගීත්වය 70.47% කි. පාලක පොදු පෙරමුණ අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය චන්ද්‍රිකා කුමාරතුංග තේරී පත් වූ අතර, ඡන්දය ප්‍රකාශ කිරීමෙන් 62% ක් ලැබුණි.

පසුබිම
ජනාධිපති රණසිංහ ප්‍රේමදාස 1993 දී දෙමළ කොටින් විසින් ඝාතනය කරන ලද අතර ඔහුගෙන් පසුව අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය ඩිංගිරි බණ්ඩා විජෙතුංග විසින් පාලනය කරන ලදී. ජනාධිපති විජේතුංග 1994 මැතිවරණයට ඉදිරිපත් නොවීමට තීරණය කළේය. එබැවින් එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය ඔවුන්ගේ අපේක්ෂකයා ලෙස විපක්ෂ නායක ගාමිනි දිසනායක මහතා තෝරා ගත්තේය. ඔහුගේ ප්‍රධාන අභියෝගකයා වූයේ 1994 දී පාර්ලිමේන්තු මැතිවරණයෙන් ජයගත් මහජන සන්ධානයේ අගමැති චන්ද්‍රිකා කුමාරතුංග ය.

1994 ඔක්තෝබර් 24 වන දින ජනාධිපතිවරණ සමයේදී ගාමිනි දිසානායක දෙමළ කොටින් විසින් ඝාතනය කරන ලදී. ඡන්ද පත්‍රිකාවේ ඔහුගේ නම ඔහුගේ බිරිඳ ශ්‍රීමා දිසනායක විසින් ආදේශ කරන ලදී.

ප්රතිපල
කුමාරතුංග මැතිවරණය වාර්තා කළේ 62.28% ක ඡන්ද ප්‍රතිශතයක් ලබා ගනිමිනි.
1994 ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ජනාධිපතිවරණයේ සාරාංශය
|-style="background-color:#E9E9E9"
! style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" colspan=2 | අපේක්ෂකයා !! style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" | පක්ෂය !! style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;" | ජනප්‍රිය ඡන්දය!! style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;" | ප්‍රතිශතය
|-
| style="background-color:" |  || style="text-align:left;" | චන්ද්‍රිකා කුමාරතුංග || style="text-align:left;" |පොදු පෙරමුණ   || 4,709,205 || 62.28%
|-
| style="background-color:" |  || style="text-align:left;" | ශ්‍රීමා දිසානායක || style="text-align:left;" | එක්සත් ජාතික පක්ෂය || 2,715,283 || 35.91%
|-
| style="background-color:#808080;" |  || style="text-align:left;" | හඩ්සන් සමරසිංහ || style="text-align:left;" |  ස්වාධීන || 58,886 || 0.78%
|-
| style="background-color:#00008B;" |  || style="text-align:left;" | හරිශ්චන්ද්‍ර විජයතුංග ||align=left| සිංහලයේ මහසම්මත භූමිපුත්‍ර පක්ෂය || 32,651 || 0.43%
|-
| style="background-color:#808080;" |  || style="text-align:left;" | ඒ. ජේ. රණසිංහ || style="text-align:left;" |  ස්වාධීන || 22,752 || 0.30%
|-
| style="background-color:#FF0000;" |  || style="text-align:left;" | ජී. ඒ. නිහාල් || style="text-align:left;" | ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රගතිශීලී පෙරමුණ || 22,749 || 0.30%
|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9; font-weight:bold"
| style="text-align:left;" colspan=3 | වලංගු ඡන්ද || 7,561,526 || 100.00%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan=3 | ප්‍රතික්ෂේපිත ඡන්ද || 151,706 || 1.97%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan=3 | මුළු ඡන්ද || 7,713,232 || 70.47%
|-
| style="text-align:left;" colspan=3 | ලියාපදිංචි ඡන්දදායකයින් || 10,945,065 ||
|}

යොමුව

 "Result of Presidential Election 1994" (PDF) . මැතිවරණ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව, ශ්‍රී ලංකාව. 2009-03-04 දින මුල් පිටුවෙන් (PDF) සංරක්‍ෂණය කරන ලදි .
 "1994 Sri Lanka Presidential Election Results" . LankaNewspapers.com.
 "1994 - Presidential Election" . Manthree.com. 2010-01-30 දින මුල් පිටුවෙන් සංරක්‍ෂණය කරන ලදි .

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ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ජනාධිපතිවරණය, 1994


Fernando de la Rúa () a fost un politician argentinian, președinte al Argentinei între 10 decembrie 1999 și 21 decembrie 2001. De la Rúa s-a născut în Córdoba; a intrat în politică după ce a absolvit studii de drept. A fost ales senator în 1973 și a candidat fără succes pentru funcția de vicepreședinte în același an. A fost reales senator în 1983 și 1993, precum și deputat în 1991. S-a opus fără succes pactului Olivos între președintele Carlos Menem și liderul partidului, Raúl Alfonsín, care a permis modificarea din 1994 a Constituției argentiniene și realegerea lui Menem în 1995.

De la Rúa a fost primul șef al guvernului din Buenos Aires ales prin vot popular, o modificare introdusă prin schimbarea Constituției. Sub conducerea sa a fost extins metroul din Buenos Aires, când s-au adăugat noi stații la Linia D, a început extinderea Liniei B și s-a înființat Linia H. A înființat Roberto Goyeneche Avenue și prima pistă de biciclete a orașului.

În 1999 De la Rúa a fost ales președinte al Argentinei, funcție din care a demisionat la 20 decembrie 2001, ca urmare a manifestațiilor de stradă cauzate de criza economică în care se afla țara.

Note

Legături externe

 Biography and tenure by CIDOB

Nașteri în 1937
Decese în 2019
Președinți ai Argentinei
Avocați

Fernando de la Rúa


Ros din Kone er en dansk stumfilm fra 1923 instrueret af Axel Petersen og Arnold Poulsen.

Handling
Dansk revy 1900-1910.

Medvirkende

 Frederik Jensen

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Stumfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1923

Ros din Kone


Stjepan Ujević (Krivodol, 5. ožujka 1959. – 1. travnja 2020.), hrvatski nogometni djelatnik, delegat i športski novinar, trener, tajnik i predsjednik skupštine Kamena, legendaran po najavama utakmica športski komentator na Radio Imotskome, pisao i za Sportske novosti te Slobodnu Dalmaciju Rodio se je u radničkoj obitelji u Krivodolu. Radio je u Napredku i Skladgradnji. Nogomet je živio "punim plućima", a zbog pozitivne energije smatralo ga se dobrim duhom Imotske krajine. Energično se unosio u svaki prijenos, da su slušatelji imali doživljaj da su na samoj utakmici. Bio je "športska duša svih imotskih nogometnih terena, dobri duh nogometnog podmlatka, brižni kritičar pionira, oštar i blag otac seniora i motivator veterana." Rado je pripovijedao anegdote. Od 1981. je godine bio voditelj selekcija u Kamena, gdje je u nekoliko mjeseci postigao je zapažene rezultate. U klubu je bio od trenera pionira, preko tajnika pa sve do predsjednika Skupštine kluba. Svoj je Kamen toliko volio, da mu je bio na umu i zadnjim danima života, kad ga je shrvala teška bolest. Izjavio je "Samo nemojte da mi se Kamen ugasi." Bio je živuća športska enciklopedija, i za nj se govorilo da je znao sve sastave u bivšoj Jugoslaviji. Stjepan - Nadan je bio poznat po javljanjima za Radio Imotski, gdje je svaki pogodak, svakog strijelca i svaki podatak analizirao je u svojoj uživo analizi ponedjeljkom. Izvješća je završavao istim riječima "Sportski pozdrav od vašeg Stipe Ujevića - Nadana."

Izvori

Životopisi, Imotski
Hrvatski športski novinari
Hrvatski nogometni treneri

Stjepan Ujević


මාරස්සන අම්බලම ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දැකගත හැකි, ඉපැරණි අම්බලම් අතුරින් එකකි. එය හඟුරන්කෙත සිට කන්දෙනුවර (මහනුවර) දක්වා වූ මාර්ගයේ පිහිටා ඇත.

අතීතය

ඉදිකිරීම් ආකෘතිය
පො‍ලවේ සෘඡුකෝණාශ්‍රාකාර කොටසක විශාල ගල් හතරක් තබා ඒ මත විශාල දැව කඳන් සමබර කොට අම්බලම ඉදිකොට තිබෙයි. අම්බලමෙහි කොන් හතරේ සවිකොට තිබෙන දැව කණු මත වහල රඳවා ඇත. කොන් වල වූ ප්‍රධාන දැව කණු හතරට අමතරව, පිටින්ද තවත් කණු 12ක් පවතියි.

වහලෙහි වූ කොත් ස්වරූපය, එහි කැණිමඬලක් ආධාරයෙන් තනා ඇත. මීට අමතරව කොන් වල වූ දැව කණු හා වහලෙහි වූ පේකඩ, කැටයම් වලින් අලංකාරවත් කොට තිබේ.

මූලාශ්‍ර

අම්බලම්

මාරස්සන අම්බලම


Le Journal of Hydrometeorology est une revue scientifique publiée par l'American Meteorological Society. Il couvre la modélisation, l'observation et la prévision des processus liés au cycle de l'eau ainsi qu'aux conditions de son stockage. Ceci comprend les interactions avec la couche limite et la basse atmosphère, ainsi que les processus liés aux précipitations, au rayonnement et à d'autres apports météorologiques.

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Revue scientifique
 Listes de revues scientifiques

Liens externes

Revue de l'American Meteorological Society

Journal of Hydrometeorology


1945 (albüm), Almôra'nın 16.01.2006 tarihinde, Zihni Müzik etiketiyle piyasaya sürdüğü 4. stüdyo albümüdür. Bu albümdeki bazı şarkılara ünlü Türk tenör Hakan Aysev eşlik etmiştir. Albüm, 2006 Temmuz ayında Japonya'da da dinleyicilerin beğenisine sunulmuştur.

Şarkı listesi

 Angels Prelude - 0:47
 Sea Angels - 4:19
 1945 (Türkçe) - 4:12
 Işık Ver Bana - 4:04
 Iron Nation - 4:26
 Golden Era - 3:23
 Hands Of Destiny - 4:18
 The Hangman - 2:58
 Kaf Dağının Ardında - 3:45
 1945 (English) - 4:10

Rock albümleri
Almora albümleri

1945 (albüm)


An Puya occidentalis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Lyman Bradford Smith. An Puya occidentalis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Puya, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Puya

Puya occidentalis


Milan Ivelic Kusanovic (Santiago, 3 de octubre de 1935) es un profesor y crítico de arte chileno. Fue director del Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes entre 1993 y 2011.

Biografía
Es el segundo de tres hijos de una familia de origen croata (su hermano mayor, Radoslav, filólogo cultivador del haiku, llegó a ser director del Instituto de Estética de la Católica; Boris, el menor, es arquitecto y profesor universitario). Su padre, nacido en la isla de Brac, llegó a Chile en 1920, "escapando de la guerra y del hambre, motivado por los relatos de otros que habían inmigrado antes que él". Conoció a su futura esposa, hija de croatas, en un viaje que hizo a Punta Arenas, "y en 20 días se casó con ella".

Licenciado en Filosofía, fue profesor de Historia y Geografía. Hizo una maestría en Arqueología e Historia del Arte en la Universidad de Lovaina, Bélgica.

Fue jefe del departamento de Estética de la Universidad Católica de Chile (1967-1969) y agregado cultural de su país ante los organismos internacionales en Ginebra (1990-92).

Ejerció también la crítica de arte junto con Gaspar Galaz Capechiacci bajo el seudónimo de Juan Francisco Lira, firma que "mezclaba los nombres de dos maestros de la pintura chilena, Juan Francisco González y Pedro Lira".

Con Galaz realizó en 1983 la serie de televisión Demoliendo el muro, en la que fueron los conductores (estuvo dirigida por Carlos Godoy); tenía como objetivo dar a conocer la pintura chilena.

En 1993 Ivelic reemplazó al pintor Nemesio Antúnez al frente del Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes. Entre las numerosas exposiciones realizadas bajo Ivelic destacan la de la de obras maestras del Vaticano, la del surrealista René Magritte, o la última, de 2001, del impresionista Edgar Degas, así como la de artistas nacionales, con José y Concepción Balmes, Gracia Barrios, Franciso Gacitúa y Juan Egenau. El artista Guillermo Tejeda lo criticó por haberle censurado unas obras en su exposición en el Museo de Bellas Artes, una acuarelas de penes. Ivelic dijo que lo hizo como "una medida de prudencia" y aunque no vio pornografía en las obras de Tejeda, sí vio un elemento desorientador en la mente de los jóvenes".

Dimitió en agosto de 2011. Ivelic explicó así su decisión: "Me di cuenta que estaba a punto de cumplir 73 años y que he entrado en una etapa terminal. Este trabajo, sin dejar de ser hermoso, es muy absorbente y me ha obligado a postergar muchas cosas que quiero recuperar, como la docencia". La falta de presupuesto estatal también fue otro factor a la hora de decidir irse; baste citar el hecho de que el Museo recibe del Estado 800 millones de pesos anuales, mientras que el Centro Cultural Palacio de La Moneda, 1.300.

En marzo de 2012 asumió como uno de los directores de la Fundación Itaú y su primera curatoría en este cargo fue, en julio del año siguiente, la exposición Hay que darle paraje a las cosas, que reunió obras de Nemesio Antúnez y de la catalana Roser Bru, quien llegó a Chile en 1939, a bordo del Winnipeg.

Se inscribió como candidato independiente a las elecciones de convencionales constituyentes de 2021, en el distrito 11 (Las Condes, Vitacura, Lo Barnechea, La Reina y Peñalolén), formando parte del movimiento Independientes No Neutrales.

Ha escrito varios libros en coautoría con otros especialistas, así como artículos en revistas especializadas, y ha sido jurado en concursos tanto nacionales como extranjeros.

Obras
 La pintura en Chile. Desde la colonia hasta 1981; con Gaspar Galaz Capechiacci, Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Ediciones Universitarias de Vlaparaiso, 1981; descargable legal y gratuitamente desde Memoria Chilena
 Curso de estética general. Santiago de Chile, Universitaria, 1984
 Chile, arte actual; con Gaspar Galaz Capechiacci, Ediciones Universitarias de Valparaíso, 1988; descargable legal y gratuitamente desde Memoria Chilena
 Intimidades. 20 artistas visuales chilenos, con Luisa Ulibarri; La Puerta Abierta, Santiago de Chile, 1989
 Pintura en Chile 1950-2005: Grandes temas, con Cecilia Valdés (también editora), Waldemar Sommer y Gaspar Galaz; Celfincapital, Universidad Finis Terrae, 2005

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Entrevista de Juan Bragassi a Milan Ivelic sobre las manifestaciones artísticas juveniles, realizada en 1997 y reproducida en la revista Arte Ego; acceso 23.10.2011
 «"El museo es el álbum familiar de Chile"», entrevista a Ivelic, realizada por Daniel Fernández y Sebastián Rivas para Con Tinta Negra, 2005; acceso 23.10.2011
 Macarena Gallo. «"Me encantaría ser director de un canal de televisión"», entrevista a Ivelic, The Clinic, 01.08.2010; acceso 23.10.2011
 , entrevista en el blog de DIBAM, 25.01.2011; acceso 23.10.2011
 380.000 Croatas en Chile, fotos del clan Ivelic en LoQuo, 24.05.2009; acceso 23.10.2011
 Cecilia Valdéz Urrutia. «Milan Ivelic: "Mi idea nunca fue que el museo se quedara atado a una época"», entrevista al fin de la era Ivelic; El Mercurio, 25.12.2011; acceso el mismo día

Críticos de arte de Chile
Directores del Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Chile
Nacidos en Santiago de Chile

Milan Ivelic Kusanovic


Sezonul Serie A 2017-2018 a fost cel de-al 119-lea sezon al Serie A, eșalonul principal de fotbal profesionist din Italia. Sezonul a început pe 20 august 2017 și s-a încheiat pe 20 mai 2018.
Juventus a fost campioana en-titre. SPAL, Verona și Benevento sunt echipele care au promovat din Serie B în sezonul 2016-2017.

Juventus a câștigat cel de-al șaptelea titlu consecutiv, cel de al 34-lea, în întreaga istorie.

Echipe

Stadioane și orașe

''Notă: Tabelul se aranjează în ordine alfabetică.

Schimbări de antrenori

Rezultate

Clasament
 Rezultate meciuri

Sursa: Rezultate Serie A

1. Echipa gazdă este trecută pe coloana din stânga

2. Culori: Albastru = victorie a echipei gazdă; Galben = egal; Roșu = victorie a echipei oaspete

Statistici

Golgheteri
Mauro Icardi și Ciro Immobile au marcat amândoi câte 29 de goluri.

Hat-trick-uri

Top pase de gol
Luis Alberto a fost desemnat cel mai bun pasator.

Numărul de echipe după regiune

Referințe

Sezoane Serie A
2017 în fotbal
2018 în fotbal
2017 în Italia
2018 în Italia

Serie A 2017-2018


Žaba je planina u Hrvatskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini, 11 km južno od Metkovića. Najviši vrh je Sveti Ilija (još nazivan i Crkvina ili Velika žaba) 955 m.

Prostire se u duljini od 14-ak kilometara u smjeru zapad-istok. Zapadni i niži dio (zvan i Mala Žaba) pripada Hrvatskoj s vrhovima Matica (681 m) i Marin vijenac (507 m) na kojem se nalazi betonski križ vidljiv i iz Doline Neretve. S najvišeg vrha, Sv. Ilije pruža se pogled prema visovima iznad Dubrovnika, Gatačkoj Bjelašnici, Dolini Neretve, Veležu, Prenju, Biokovu, te moru i otocima.

Planina Žaba je dijelila prostor povijesne humske župe Žaba na kontinentalni dio (sjeverno od planine) i primorski (južno od planine).

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Ante Juras: Zaboravljeno planinarsko odredište: Marin vijenac Hrvatski planinar br. 11/2008 (478. – 481. str.) (pristupljeno 20. svibnja 2018.)

Planine u Hrvatskoj
Dubrovačko-neretvanska županija
Planine u Bosni i Hercegovini

Žaba (planina)


Divizia Națională 2016–2017 este cel de-al 26-lea sezon din istoria Diviziei Naționale, prima ligă de fotbal din Republica Moldova. Competiția a început pe 23 iulie 2016 și urmează să se termine în luna mai 2017.

Echipe

Stadioane

Personal și sponsori

Clasament

Topul marcatorilor

Clean sheets

Vezi și
 Divizia A 2016-2017

Referințe

Legături externe
 Pagina oficiala
 Divizia Națională 2016-2017 pe soccerway

Sezoane Divizia Națională
2016 în fotbal
2017 în fotbal
2016 în Republica Moldova
2017 în Republica Moldova

Divizia Națională 2016-2017


Strelitzia × kewensis umjetni hibrid vrsta S. alba i S. reginae

Sinonimi

Izvori

Strelicijevke

Strelitzia × kewensis


ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨ නියෝජ්‍ය පොලිස්පති (බස්නාහිර පළාත බාර) දේශබන්ධු තෙන්නකෝන් (ඉංග්‍රීසි: Deshabandu Tennakoon) යනු  ශ්‍රී ලංකා පොලීසියයේ ජ්‍යෙෂ්ඨ නිලධාරියෙකි.

දේශබන්ධු තෙන්නකෝන් කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසුවෙකි.

ආශ්‍රිත

 කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසු හමුදා නිලධරයන්

 නාලන්දා රණවිරු උපහාර පිදේ

 මහා කරුණාවේ සිරස බි`ද දැමු බාමියාන් වෙස්‌ගත් කොටි අවතාර...

 Congratulations to Old Nalandian Deshabandu Tennakoon

 දේශබන්ධු තෙන්නකෝන්

චරිත කතා
ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ
ආදි නාලන්දියයෝ
ශ්‍රී ලාංකික බෞද්ධයෝ
ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ

දේශබන්ධු තෙන්නකෝන්


A58 or A-58 may refer to :
 A58 road, a road connecting Prescot and Wetherby in England
 Autostrada A58, a bypass of Milano, Italy
 A58 motorway (Netherlands), a road connecting Eindhoven and Breda
 A-58 highway (Spain), a proposed road to connect Trujillo and the A5 and A66 in Spain
 One of the Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings codes for the Benko Gambit in chess

A58


La liste des chapelles de la Haute-Corse présente les chapelles de culte catholique situées sur le territoire des communes du département français de la Haute-Corse. Il est fait état des diverses protections dont elles peuvent bénéficier, et notamment les inscriptions et classements au titre des monuments historiques.

Toutes sont situées dans le diocèse d'Ajaccio.

Liste

|}

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Lieu de culte
 Liste des monuments historiques de la Corse-du-Sud
 Liste des églises de la Haute-Corse

Liens externes
  Site du Diocèse d'Ajaccio
  Site de l'Église catholique en France

Haute-Corse
Chapelles

Liste des chapelles de la Haute-Corse


Kimyasal tepkime ya da kimyasal reaksiyon, iki veya daha fazla maddenin birbiri ile etkileşmesi sonucu kendi özelliklerini kaybederek yeni özellikte maddeler oluşturmasıdır. Kimyasal olay ve kimyasal değişme kavramlarıyla eşanlamlıdır. Kimyasal reaksiyonların test edilmesi için Periyodik tablo metalleri ile aside koyarak yapılabilir.

Özellikleri
Kimyasal tepkimelere giren maddeler ortamda tükenebilirler.

A + B (Girenler) ---> AB (Yeni madde-ürünler)

A ve B, 2. olayda tek madde olarak kalmamış tükenmiştir.

Kimyasal tepkimelerde değiştirilebilen özellikler
 Atomların hacmi veya çapı
 Atomların elektron düzenleri
 Toplam potansiyel enerji
 Toplam mol sayısı
 Bir mol atomun toplam ağırlığı
 Toplam molekül sayısı
 Toplam hacim
 Renk, koku, tat gibi fiziksel özellikler

Kimyasal tepkime çeşitleri

Sentez tepkimeleri
İki ya da daha fazla basit madde başka bir madde oluşturuyorsa böyle tepkimeler Sentez tepkimeleri olarak adlandırılır.

2 H2 + O2 → 2H2O

Analiz tepkimeleri
Sentez tepkimesinin tam tersidir. Bileşiği bileşenlerine ayırır. Yani bir maddeden birden çok madde oluşur.
2H2O → 2 H2 + O2

Yer değiştirme tepkimeleri
Bir elementin bir bileşikle tepkimeye girerek bu bileşiklerdeki elementlerden birinin yerini aldığı tepkimelere denir.

Örnek:
Zn + 2 HCI → ZnCI2 + H2

Hg (s) + ½ O2 (g) → HgO (k) + ısı

Tepkime kabı

Kimyasal laboratuvarda kullanım için özel cihazlar vardır. Tepkime kabı, amaca ve tepkime koşullarına göre çok çeşitli malzemelerden yapılır. Genellikle bilim adamları ısıya ve birçok agresif kimyasallara dayanıklı olan borosilikat camı kullanırlar.

Tepkime ısısı
Bir kimyasal tepkimede bütün maddeleri aynı sıcaklıkta tutabilmek için tepkime sistemine eklenmesi veya sistemden uzaklaştırılması gereken ısı miktarıdır. Tepkime sisteminin içinde bulunduğu kabın basıncı sabit tutulduğunda ölçülen tepkime ısısı aynı zamanda (entalpi) olarak bilinen (termodinamik) nitelikteki değişimi, yani tepkime sonucunda oluşan ürünlerin entalpisiyle tepkimeye girenlerin entalpisi arasındaki farkı gösterir. Böylece sabit (basınçta) tayin edilen tepkime ısısı DH sembolüyle gösterilen tepkime entalpisidir. DH negatif olduğunda tepkime ısıveren, tersi durumdaysa tepkime ısı alandır...

ÖRNEĞİN;

H2 + Cl2 → 2 HCl + 44 kkal

tepkime sayesinde tepkimeye giren H2 ve Cl2 moleküllerinde iki atomu bir arada tutan bağların koparılması enerji ister. Bu enerji sağlandığında atomlar arasındaki bağlar kopar ve atomlar yeni düzenlemeye girerek yeni bağlar (HCl bağları) oluştururken dışarıya enerji verilir. Bu tepkimede dışarı verilen enerji daha önce alınan enerjiden fazla olduğundan neticede dışarıya enerji verilmiş olur (ısıveren tepkime). Buna karşılık;

H2 + I2 + 12,4 kkal → 2HI

tepkimesinde alınan enerji verilen enerjiden fazla olup bu tepkime de ısı alan tepkime olur.

Kimyasal reaksiyon


The Advocate je američki LGBT časopis, koji izlazi dvomjesečn i dostupan je uz pretplatu. Brand The Advocate također uključuje web stranicu. I časopis i web stranica urednički su usmjereni na vijesti, politiku, mišljenja i umjetnost i zabavu od interesa za lezbijke, homoseksualce, biseksualce i transrodne (LGBT) osobe. Časopis je pokrenut 1967. godine, najstarija je i najveća LGBT publikacija u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama i jedina preživjela takva vrsta koja je osnovana prije Stonewallskih nereda na Manhattanu 1969. godine, pobune koja je bila glavna prekretnica u pokretu za prava LGBT osoba.

Povijest
The Advocate je prvi put objavljen kao lokalni bilten aktivističke skupine Osobna prava u obrani i obrazovanju (Personal Rights in Defense and Education, PRIDE) u Los Angelesu. Bilten je nadahnut policijskom racijom u gay baru u Los Angelesu, konobi Crna mačka, 1. siječnja 1967. i demonstracijama protiv policijske brutalnosti u mjesecima nakon te racije. Richard Mitch (koristeći pseudonim "Dick Michaels") i Bill Rau (pod imenom "Bill Rand") pridružili su se PRIDE-u i, zajedno s Aristideom Laurentom i umjetnikom Samom Winstonom, transformirali su bilten u novine pod naslovom Los Angeles Advocate. Prvo izdanje izašlo u rujnu 1967., a prodano je za 25 centi u gay barovima u Los Angelesu. Početkom 1968. godine, PRIDE se borio da održi održivost, a Mitch i Rau platili su grupi jedan dolar za vlasništvo nad papirima u veljači te godine. Godine 1969. novine su preimenovane u The Advocate i distribuirane na nacionalnoj razini. Do 1974. godine Mitch i Rau tiskali su 40 000 primjeraka za svako izdanje.

Novine su privukle pažnju Davida B. Goodsteina, investicijskog bankara iz San Francisca koji je publikaciju kupio 1974. godine. Pod Goodsteinovim vodstvom, The Advocate se transformirao u dvotjedni nacionalni magazin vijesti koji pokriva događaje važne za LGBT zajednicu, uključujući pokret za prava homoseksualaca, zajedno s umjetnošću i kulturom. Goodstein je također radio na smanjenju seksualno orijentiranih reklama u korist većih sponzora.

Goodstein i dr. Rob Eichberg stvorili su The Advocate Experience. Labavo zasnovan na tada popularnom EST-u (Erhardt Seminars Training), bio je to cjelodnevni niz opsežnih radionica samo-realizacije od dva vikenda kako bi se LGBT zajednici donijelo samoprihvaćanje, svijest i tolerancija. Goodstein i Eichberg vodili su radionice većim dijelom njihova trajanja. Kasniji Goodsteinovi uvodnici i dalje su se snažno protivili državnoj intervenciji tijekom ranih godina epidemije AIDS-a. Argumentirao je iako "naš životni stil može postati složeni samoubilački ritual ... naša sigurnost i opstanak ovise o svakome od nas i našem ponašanju", za razliku od vladinih propisa o javnom zdravstvu.

Ubrzo nakon Goodsteinove smrti 1985. godine, časopis je transformiran iz novinskog formata u tabloidnom obliku u dva odjeljka (pri čemu je drugi odjeljak nosio seksualno eksplicitne reklame) u standardni format časopisa, počevši od izdanja od 1. listopada 1985. godine. Probijanje u ravno naslovnicama slavnih došlo je pod oštro zapovjedništvo glavnog urednika Richarda Rouilarda 1980-ih i početkom 1990-ih. Nakon njegove smrti od AIDS-a, ovaj se urednički trend uspješno nastavio s glavnim urednikom Jeffom Yarbroughom. U to je vrijeme časopis prestao prikazivati seksualno eksplicitne reklame, a 1992. godine pokrenuo je sestrinsku publikaciju Advocate Classifieds. Pod vodstvom svoje prve glavne urednice, Judy Wieder (1996. – 2002 .; direktorica uredništva, 2002. – 2006.), Advocate je donio razne glasove, osvojio brojne glavne nagrade za izdavaštvo i postavio rekorde u prodaji kioska, nakladi, i oglašavanje. Intervjui Wieder i njezinog osoblja s tako raznolikim gay ikonama kao što su Ellen DeGeneres, George Michael, Liz Smith, Gore Vidal, Chaz Bono, Jim McGreevey, Melissa Etheridge i Rob Halford prikupili su časopisu veliku televizijsku izloženost i pomogli mu podići status Intervju advokata ", kao i vidljivost publikacije.

The Advocate je promijenio vlasnike kroz niz spajanja i preuzimanja, prvo neuspješno s PlanetOutom 2006., a kasnije s Here Media. Potezom smanjenja troškova 2008., Here Media, priznajući da tiskano izdanje Advocate više ne može konkurirati lokalnim tjednim LGBT novinama i Internetom, prebacio je časopis s dvotjednika na mjesečni ciklus objavljivanja. Počevši od 2010. godine, Here Media objedinio je distribuciju časopisa The Advocate i Out. Verzija za tisak Advocate nastavlja se objavljivati i dostupna je priloženo s Out kao kombinirani paket putem pretplate. U 2010. godini zabilježena su izvješća u tisku da slobodni autori nisu bili plaćeni za svoj rad. Od svibnja 2013. godine, Advocate se više ne tiska u vlastitom izdanju tvrtke Here Media, već od strane Grand Editorial for Here Media. Grand Editorial je izvođač radova sa sjedištem u Brooklynu u državi New York koji također proizvodi Out. The Advocate sada izlazi dvomjesečno sa šest brojeva godišnje.

Godine 2017. godine Here Media prodao je svoje časopise grupi koju je vodila Oreva Capital, a koja je preimenovala u matičnu tvrtku Pride Media.

Zach Stafford bio je glavni urednik 2019. godine, prvi afroamerikanac na tom položaju u 50-godišnjoj povijesti časopisa. U veljači 2020. Tracy E. Gilchrist imenovana je glavnom urednicom branda The Advocate. Neal Broverman imenovan je glavnim urednikom Advocate.com.

Stripovi
The Advocate je pružio mjesto za nekoliko vrijednih LGBT crtača u 1970-ima i 1980-ima. Na početku svoje povijesti, publikacija je prikazivala geg stripove Joea Johnsona na kojima su prikazane ženstvene Miss Thing i napuhani Big Dick, i Seanov "Gayer Than Strange". Nakon što su prestali izlaziti, 1977. je debitirao Donelanov It's a Gay Life, koji je izlazio 15 godina. Strip Howarda Crusea Wendel izlazio je od 1983. do 1989. godine, prelazeći s jedne stranice veličine tabloida na dvije stranice veličine časopisa kad je publikacija promijenila format. Leonard i Larry Tima Barele i Sluge za našu stvar Alison Bechdel također su se kratko pojavili krajem kasnih 1980-ih.

Podcast
The Advocate proizvodi podcast pod nazivom LGBTQ&A koji je stvorio i vodio ga je Jeffrey Masters. LGBTQ&A podcast sadrži intervjue s zapaženim LGBTQ osobama poput Petea Buttigiega, Laverne Cox, Lili Reinhart, Roxane Gay i Trixie Mattel. U seriji je obrađeno niz LGBTQ gostiju, uključujući aktiviste, političare i osobe iz industrije zabave.

Nagrade i priznanja
U siječnju 2014. The Huffington Post je u svom prilogu citirao tri naslovnice The Advocatea, "23 omota časopisa koji su dobro odradili prikaz moćnih žena": veljača 2011. (s Hillary Clinton), veljača 2012. (Nancy Pelosi) i siječanj 2013. (Tammy Baldwin,. com izdanje). The Advocate je osvojio nagradu medijsku nagradu GLAAD za izvanrednu ukupnu pokrivenost časopisa 2020. godine.

Nominacije za nagradu GLAAD (2014)

 Izvanredan članak u časopisu: "Što nije u redu s Exxonom?" autor Antonia Juhasz (odvjetnica)
 Ukupna pokrivenost izvanrednog časopisa (The Advocate)
 Izvanredan članak o digitalnom novinarstvu: "U središtu pozornosti: LGBT starije osobe" (serija) (Advocate.com)
 Izvanredno digitalno novinarstvo - Multimedija: "Ovdje smo: LGBTI u Ugandi", Sunnivie Brydum, D. David Robinson (Advocate.com )

Prošli i sadašnji suradnici

 Calpernia Addams
 Alison Bechdel
 Adam Block
 Chaz Bono (prije tranzicije)
 Kate Clinton
 David Michael Conner
 Howard Cruse
 Benoit Denizet-Lewis
 Gerard Donelan
 David Francis
 Michael Joseph Gross
 Allan Gurganus
 Janis Ian
 Josh Kilmer-Purcell
 James Kirchick
 Tony Kushner
 Lance Loud
 Parker Marie Molloy
 Ryan Murphy
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Alice Barb (Alice Ramona Nagy, ) este o actriță și regizoare de teatru română.

Biografie
A studiat pianul la Școala de muzică din Hunedoara (1970-1974) și pianul și canto clasic la Liceul de Muzică din Cluj-Napoca (1974-1980).

A obținut licența în artele spectacolului la U.N.A.T.C., secția Actorie (1990-1993), clasa Dem Rădulescu, și secția Regie (1993-1997), clasa Cristian Hadjiculea, iar ulterior titlul de master în teatrologie, marketing și management cultural la U.N.A.T.C.

Este director fondator al Companiei Teatrale "Of – Of" din București (1999-2001), director artistic al Asociației Culturale "QUO VADIS ROMÂNIA" (din 2011), director de imagine al Festivalului "Bucureștii lui Caragiale", ediția I – 2012, director artistic al Centrului Cultural Casa Artelor Sector 3 din București (2013-2017), director fondator al "Colecției Esențial" (din 2016), director general al "Festivalului Mozartissimo" (din 2016), director general al "Festivalului I love Lipatti" (din 2017) și director fondator al Casei Artelor "Dinu Lipatti" a Primăriei Municipiului București.

Activitate artistică
Ca actriță a jucat pe scenele Teatrului "Valea Jiului" Petroșani (1985-1988), Teatrului "Ion Creangă" (1988-1990), Teatrului "Lucia Sturdza Bulandra" (1991-1993) și Teatrului "Odeon" din București (1993-1994), în piese precum Cocoșelul neascultător, Bolnavul închipuit, David Copperfield, Turandot, Merlin, Visul unei nopți de vară, Cosma (coproducție româno-franceză) ș.a.

Ca regizor artistic a fost angajată la Teatrul de Stat din Oradea, Theatrum Mundi și Teatrul Național din București. A montat peste 40 de spectacole, printre care Bărbierul din Sevilla de Beaumarchais, Mutter Courage de Bertolt Brecht, Cabotinul de J. Osborne, Legenda ultimului împărat de V. Nicolau, Anna Karenina de Lev Tolstoi, Cartofi prăjiți cu orice de A. Wesker, Căsătorie în stil olandez de Carlo Goldoni, Soare pentru doi de P. Sauville etc.

Muzeul Național "George Enescu" din București i-a găzduit spectacolul Christine van Beethoven de E. E. Schmitt, iar Teatrul  "Luceafărul" din Iași spectacolul Trei povești cu zmei, după Antologia Zmeilor de Mircea Cărtărescu. În 2011 a montat la Opera din Brașov opereta Liliacul și, în același an, Opera Națională din Constanța a invitat-o să regizeze musicalul My Fair Lady.

A fost regizor artistic al Galelor "VIP 2003", al Galelor "Studentul Anului", organizate de TVR2 și Sindicatul studenților (2009–2010, 2010–2011), al Galelor Premiilor Consiliului de Cultură al Primăriei Municipiului București, al Galei "Femeia contează", ediția I – 2011, al Galelor Premiilor Marii Loji Naționale din România și Academiei Române, ediția I – 2011 și ediția II – 2012, precum și al Galei Artelor, ediția I – 2012.

Distincții
 Premiul pentru "Regie" al Consiliului Britanic la Galele U.N.I.T.E.R. ( 2001)
 Ordinul "Meritul Cultural", clasa I (2005)
 Premiul pentru "Cel mai bun regizor" la Galele Consiliul de Cultură al Primăriei Municipiului București (2009)
 Premiul "10 pentru România" la Galele TVR Internațional (2010)
 Premiul pentru "Cel mai bun regizor de muzical" (2012)
 Premiul pentru "Cel mai bun spectacol" la Galele VIP – Galele spectacolului muzical (2012)

Bibliografie
 George Marcu, Femei de seamă din România. De ieri și de azi, Editura Meronia, București, 2017
 George Marcu, Personalități feminine contemporane din România, Editura Meronia, București, 2013

Nașteri în 1963
Nașteri pe 14 februarie
Actori ai Teatrului Bulandra
Actori ai Teatrului Ion Creangă
Actori ai Teatrului Odeon
Actori ai Teatrului Valea Jiului din Petroșani
Actori români în viață
Actrițe române
Actrițe din secolul al XX-lea
Actrițe din secolul al XXI-lea
Actrițe de film române
Actrițe de radio române
Actrițe de teatru române
Actrițe de televiziune române
Actrițe de voce române
Decorați cu Ordinul Meritul Cultural
Deținători ai diferite premii de regie
Regizori ai Teatrului de Stat Oradea
Regizori ai Teatrului Național din București
Regizori ai Theatrum Mundi
Regizori de teatru români
Regizori români din secolul al XX-lea
Regizori români din secolul al XXI-lea
Hunedoreni

Alice Barb


ඉන්දුනීසියාවෙහි මද්‍යසාරය යනුවෙන් අදහස් වන්නේ,  ඉන්දුනීසියාව යන අග්නිදිග ආසියානු රටෙහි, මද්‍යසාර කර්මාන්තය, මද්‍යසාර  පරිභෝජනය සහ මද්‍යසාර ආශ්‍රිත නීති යනාදිය පිළිබඳව කරුණු වෙයි. ඉන්දුනීසියාව යනු  මුස්ලිම් බහුතර රටක් වුවද, එය බහුත්වචර්යා, ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී සහ අගාරික දේශයක්ද වෙයි. මෙම සාමාජීය සහ ජනවිකාශ තත්ත්වය නිසා, මද්‍යසාර පරිභෝජනය සහ වෙළෙඳාම සීමා කරන ලෙසට  ඉස්ලාමීය-පීඩන කණ්ඩායම් විසින්  රජය වෙත බලපෑම් එල්ල කලද, මද්‍යසාර පරිභෝජනය සඳහා මුස්ලිම්-නොවන්නන්ගේ සහ සහමතිය දෙන්නාවූ පොදු වැඩිහිටියෙකුගේ අයිතිවාසිකම් පිළිබඳව සැලකිල්ලෙන් විමසමින් සහ,  කිසියම් ආකාරයක මද්‍යසාර තහනමක් විසින් ඉන්දුනීසියානු සංචාරක ව්‍යාපාරයට සහ  ආර්ථිකයට ඇතිකරන බලපෑම් ඇස්තමේන්තු කරමින් පවතින ස්ථාවරයක රජය සිටියි.

මද්‍යසාරය පිළිබඳ සම්පූර්ණ තහනමක්ද සහිතව ෂරියා නීති ක්‍රියාත්මක වන දැඩි ඉස්ලාමීය ස්වයංපාලන පළාතක් වන  අචේ ප්‍රාන්තය හැරුණු විට,   ඉන්දුනීසියාවෙහි දේශය පුරා බලපවත්වන මද්‍යසාර තහනමක් වර්තමානයෙහි නොපවතියි.

ආශ්‍රිත

ඉන්දුනීසියාවෙහි මද්‍යසාරය


Hans Aichinger (* 1959 in Leipzig) ist ein deutscher Maler.

Biografie
1959 geboren in Leipzig, studierte Aichinger 1982–1986 an der Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig Malerei bei Bernhard Heisig. 1992–1997 lehrte Aichinger dort selbst. 1999 folgte ein Arbeitsaufenthalt in der Casa Alejandro de Humboldt in Havanna, Kuba und ein Lehrauftrag an der Emory University bei Atlanta. Hans Aichinger lebt und arbeitet in Leipzig, in einem Atelier in der Leipziger Baumwollspinnerei. Wie sein Jahrgangskommilitone Neo Rauch gehört Aichinger formal zur Neuen Leipziger Schule.

Werk
Das künstlerische Werk umfasst verschiedene Techniken; Malerei (Öl auf Leinwand), Zeichnung, Aquarell, Holzschnitt, u. a. Nach sehr unterschiedlichen Werkphasen seit der Studienzeit kennzeichnet das gegenwärtige Werk eine gegenständliche Malweise.

Im Mittelpunkt die Figur, schafft Aichinger Stillleben aus Menschen, ähnlich Kammerspielen, in denen die äußere Handlung zur Metapher für die innere Bewegung wird. Aichingers Malerei ist geprägt von einer hyperrealistischen Malweise, die die Genauigkeit der gegenständlichen Formulierung von Figur und Objekt in den formalen Vordergrund stellt – inhaltlich ist die maltechnische Präzision der Bildoberfläche der Gegenpol zur Offenheit von Thema und Kontext. In Vorbereitung der Malerei entstehen Inszenierungen im Studio, dabei folgen Darsteller und Fotograf den gezeichneten Handlungsanweisungen Aichingers (Gestik, Körpersprache, Blickachse, Lichteinfall, Kameraposition). Aus dem im Studio entstandenen Film wird danach ein Standbild ausgewählt und malerisch umgesetzt.

"Aichinger konzentriert sich darauf, Bewegungen einzufrieren, Unbeantwortbares in leere Mitten zu projizieren und das Zeitmaß zu dehnen. So entstehen Parabeln der Langsamkeit und Vergeblichkeit, die sich auch gegenseitig belichten. Sie schöpfen aus dem Fundus großer Inszenierungen. [...] Aichinger zeigt, wie fragil der Bezug zur Realität ist. Oben die Andacht, unten das Lebensgefühl unserer Tage. Das künstlerische Ich als Schaltstelle. [...] Bilder, die faszinieren und zugleich distanzieren, weil sie so klar und doch schwer durchschaubar sind, weil Aichinger immer aufs Ganze geht und sich selbst nicht schont. Aichinger ankert auf der Rückseite der trostlosen Erfolgsgesellschaft, von wo aus er um so genauer auf die kulturellen Verwerfungen schaut, während er an seinen Konzentrationsübungen arbeitet. Was soll verkehrt sein an dieser Absage an die Flachheiten der Massenkultur und einem existenziellen, altertümlichen Anspruch auf das Geistige, auf Sinn und Weltverstehen?"

Ausstellungen
 2018 "Bilder von Tatsachen" Galerie R E I T E R, Berlin
 2014 "Der weiße Anfang" Kunsthalle Bremerhaven
 2012 "Wahrheit oder Pflicht" maerzgalerie Berlin
 2012 "Memento Mori" Kulturbahnhof Eller. Düsseldorf (G)
 2011 "After the Goldrush" Kunstverein Speyer e.V. Kulturhof Flachsgasse
 2010 "Hans Aichinger. Ein Missverständnis" maerzgalerie. Berlin
 2010 "Silent Revolution -  Painting and Photography from Leipzig" Kerava Art Museum. Kerava. Finnland
 2009 "Von Natur aus falsch" maerzgalerie. Leipzig
 2007 "Impossible Germany" moti hasson gallery. New York
 2006 "Zurück zur Figur - Malerei der Gegenwart" Kunsthalle der Hypo-Kulturstiftung. München
 2005 "Die Frage nach dem Ding" maerzgalerie. Leipzig "From Cotton to Culture" Bunkier Sztukie. Krakau
 2004 "Blick in die Sammlung" Kunsthalle der Sparkasse. Leipzig
 2003 "Das wissende Feld" maerzgalerie. Leipzig
 2001 "Schrei nach Liebe" De Lifters Gallery. Tokio
 2000 "Formen missglückten Daseins" Galerie Prinz. Madrid
 1999 "10 years after revolution"  Emory University. Atlanta "Ambos Mundos" Casa Alejandro de Humboldt. Havanna. Kuba
 1997 "Form und Funktion der Zeichnung heute" Frankfurt am Main "Die Fehler des Todes" mit Hartwig Ebersbach und Walter Dahn. Galerie VOXXX. Chemnitz
 1994 "Für F.N. - Nietzsche in der bildenden Kunst der letzten 30 Jahre" Schloss Belvedere. Weimar "Hieb und Stich" Germanisches Nationalmuseum. Nürnberg
 1993 "The Tide" Jesse Jones Building. Goethe Institut. Houston
 1992 "Turning Points" Northern Centre of Contemporary Art. Sunderland. Großbritannien

Öffentliche und private Sammlungen
 Sammlung der Sparkasse Leipzig
 Museum der bildenden Künste, Leipzig
 Northern Centre of Contemporary Art, Sunderland, Großbritannien
 Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nürnberg
 Deutsches Historisches Museum, Berlin
 Sammlung Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt am Main
 Stiftung Moritzburg, Kunstmuseum des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
 G2 Kunsthalle, Sammlung Hildebrand, Leipzig

Literatur / Kataloge
  "Hans Aichinger, Wahrheit oder Pflicht", mit Texten von Joachim Penzel und Christoph Tannert, hrsg. von Torsten Reiter, München: Hirmer 2013. ISBN  978-377-74208-0-6.
 "Zurück zur Figur - Malerei der Gegenwart" Katalog. Kunsthalle der Hypo-Kulturstiftung. München 2006.
 "Blick in die Sammlung" Bestandskatalog. Kunsthalle der Sparkasse. Leipzig.
 "Ambos Mundos" Katalog. Hg.: ARTCO Projektraum und Casa Alejandro de Humboldt. Havanna 2000, ISBN  3-9805681-5-6.
 "Form und Funktion der Zeichnung heute" Katalog. Frankfurt am Main 1997.
 "Ein Jahr voller Montage" Katalog. ARTCO Galerie. Leipzig 1996.
 "Für F.N. - Nietzsche in der bildenden Kunst der letzten 30 Jahre" Katalog. Schloss Belvedere. Stiftung Weimarer Klassik, Weimar 1994.
 "Turning Points" Katalog. Northern Centre of  Contemporary Art. Sunderland. Großbritannien, 1992.
 Georg Heym: Der Athener Ausfahrt. Trauerspiel in einem Aufzug. Mit 7 zweifarbigen O-Holzschnitten von Hans Aichinger. Faber & Faber, Leipzig 2006, ISBN 3-92 8660-70-5.
 Hans Aichinger: "besser als nichts" Katalog anlässlich der Ausstellung "Die Frage nach dem Ding" 2005 Hg.: maerzgalerie.
 Hans Aichinger: "Schrei nach Liebe" Katalog zer Ausstellung "Schrei nach Liebe" De Lifters Gallery, Ginza, Tokyo, Hg. maerzgalerie Leipzig 2001.
 "Aichinger. Holzschnitte" Hg. Helmut Stephan, ARTCO-Galerie Leipzig 1994, ISBN 3-9804173-0-1.
 Michael Hametner: Kopfkino. 15 Gespräche – ein Porträt des Malers Hans Aichinger, Mitteldeutscher Verlag Halle (Saale) 2019, ISBN 978-3-96311-218-8

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 L-IZ
 kunstaspekte
 artfacts
 monopol
 Klinger Forum
 "Mördermappe"
 "wir sind was du sagst"
 Moti Hasson Gallery NY
 Sommerakademie

 Neues Deutschland
 ArtCat
 "after the goldrush"
 monopol "Wahrheit oder Pflicht"
 "Aichinger Ein Missverständnis"
 Berliner Zeitung

Maler (Deutschland)
Deutscher
Geboren 1959
Mann

Hans Aichinger


An Chevalierella dewildemanii in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Hyacinthe Julien Robert Vanderyst, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Van der Veken och Pierre Compère. An Chevalierella dewildemanii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Chevalierella, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Chevalierella (Poaceae)

Chevalierella dewildemanii


.hr Hırvatistan için internet ülke kodu üst seviye alan adıdır. (CcTLD)

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