Blue Yonder – Flug in die Vergangenheit ist ein US-amerikanischer Fernseh-Abenteuerfilm aus dem Jahr 1985.

Handlung
Nach einem verlorenen Baseballspiel wird dem jungen Jonathan Knicks von Henry Coogan ein Modell der Blue Yonder geschenkt, dem Flugzeug seines Großvaters Max Knickerbocker. Obwohl es seinem Vater nicht gefällt, dass er die Träume von Max bewundert, malt er es blau an und bewundert ihn weiterhin. Max' Traum war es einst, als erster Mensch über den Atlantik zu fliegen. Aber nicht nur, dass Charles Lindbergh ihm einige Tage zuvorkam, er nahm auch noch eine falsche Route, weswegen er unterwegs verloren ging und seitdem vermisst wird. Henry, dem es immer schlechter geht, erzählt Jonathan, dass Max einst eine Idee für eine Zeitmaschine hatte, die er nun gebaut hätte. Jonathan benutzt sie, um zum 14. Mai 1927 zu reisen, wo er sich sofort aufmacht, die Farm seines Großvaters zu suchen. Dabei geht er etwas ungeschickt vor, denn sowohl der Polizist Leary als auch Finch bemerken die Zeitreise und suchen ihn nun auch. Allerdings hält Max ihn von Leary versteckt, sodass er noch dazu kommt, ihn mit in seine Werkstatt zu nehmen, wo er Jonathan von seinen Träumen erzählt und ihm die Blue Yonder zeigt. Er nimmt ihn anschließend mit auf einen letzten Testflug und erzählt ihm, dass er nun bereit sei, seine Atlantiküberquerung nach Paris anzutreten.

Doch Jonathan will ihn davon abbringen. Max erfährt, dass Jonathan sein Enkel aus der Zukunft ist, der per Zeitmaschine zurückgereist ist, um seinen Tod zu verhindern. Er will nicht, dass er am 18. Mai startet und die Südroute nimmt, denn Charles Lindbergh landete bereits am 20. Mai in Paris, weil er die Nordroute nahm. Um dies zu beweisen, möchte er ihm seine Zeitmaschine zeigen. Aber die Zeitmaschine ist nicht mehr dort, wo er sie vermutet. Max glaubt Jonathan erst, als ein von ihm prophezeiter tragischer Unfall auf den Langley Fields passiert. Aber Jonathan kann ihm anschließend nicht weiter zur Verfügung stehen, da er von Leary verhaftet und später gemeinsam mit Finch zur Zeitmaschine verhört wird.

Nachts befreit Max Jonathan aus dem Gefängnis und erfährt, wo die Zeitmaschine steht. Nachdem er sie gesehen hat, begreift er, dass Lindbergh das Rennen über den Atlantik gewinnen und sein Traum scheitern wird, der Erste zu sein. Also verspricht er Jonathan, dass er nicht fliegen wird. Doch am nächsten Morgen muss dieser feststellen, dass Max bereits auf dem Flugplatz ist, um seine Reise anzutreten. Jonathan eilt so schnell es geht dorthin und schafft es nicht mehr rechtzeitig, Max davon abzuhalten. Er erhält nur noch Max' weißen Glücksschal und sieht, wie er davonfliegt. Allerdings verschafft Max ihm noch genügend Zeit, um vor Finch und Leary zu fliehen, die ihn seit einer Weile verfolgen, um rechtzeitig zu seiner Zeitmaschine zu kommen. Zurück in seiner Zeit ist er traurig, dass er Max' Tod nicht verhindern konnte. Aber im Park, nahe seinem Baseballstadion, findet er eine Statue, auf der Max' Leistung verewigt wurde. Er hätte es beinahe noch vor Lindbergh nach Frankreich geschafft. Allerdings wurde die Blue Yonder am 18. Mai 1927 nahe der französischen Küste gefunden.

Kritik

Hintergrund
Die Weltpremiere des Films war am 17. November 1985 auf dem US-amerikanischen Fernsehsender Disney Channel. Bereits am 9. Februar 1986 lief der Film unter dem Titel Time Flyer auf ABC. In Deutschland ist der Film seit September 1987 auf VHS erhältlich.

Hiro Narita wurde mit einem CableACE Award in der Kategorie Direction of Photography and/or Lighting Direction for a Dramatic or Theatrical Special/Movie or Miniseries ausgezeichnet.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 1985
US-amerikanischer Film
Science-Fiction-Film
Fernsehfilm (Disney Channel)
Abenteuerfilm
Kinderfilm
Zeitreisen im Film

Blue Yonder – Flug in die Vergangenheit


ابقي قابلني فيلم مصري إنتاج عام 2009، قصة وسيناريو وحوار سيد السبكي، وهيثم وحيد، وإخراج إسماعيل فاروق، وإنتاج خالد السبكي، وإشراف إنتاجي أحمد السبكي.

قصة الفيلم
تدور أحداث الفيلم حول أخصائية في القانون لها نظريه تقول فيها أن أي مجرم يمكن إصلاحه إذا توافرت لديه الظروف وبالفعل قامت بتطبيق نظرياتها على مجموعة من المجرمين حيث تواجه معهم العديد من المواقف.

الممثلون
 حسن حسني
 سعد الصغير
 علاء مرسي
 سليمان عيد
 محمد لطفي
 مها أحمد
 أميرة فتحي
 غسان مطر
 ياسر فرج
 أمينة
 إيناس النجار

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أفلام مصرية إنتاج 2009
أفلام من إنتاج خالد السبكي

ابقى قابلني (فيلم)


أمل مرقس، أمل نمر مُرقُس (11 يوليو 1968 -) فنانة فلسطينية ولدت في قرية كفر ياسيف في الجليل، وهي من الفنانات الفلسطينيات الرائدات مُغنية وموسيقية، ممثلة ومنتجة فَنيِة، مقدمة ومعدة برامج ثقافية فنية مسرحية، إذاعية وتلفزيونية. اجتماعية بدأت الغناء والتمثيل منذ طفولتها المبكرة فعندما كانت بعمر سنتين صورها التلفزيون الفنلندي بحضن والديها نمر ونبيهة مرقس وهي تغني بالإنجليزية سوف ننتصر يوما ما "[We shall overcome]" والتي حفظتها من إسطوانة لجوان باييز كانت تسمع في بيتهم مع باقي إسطوانات فيروز وعبدالوهاب وتشايكوفسكي وأغان تراث شعبها العربي الفلسطيني. أمل مرقس أم لابنة وابن: يارا زريق مغنية وعازفة بيانو وممثلة مسرح، وفراس زريق موسيقي عازف قانون ملحن وموزع وكاتب أغان خريج جامعة في بيركلي ميوزيك كوليج في لقبين موسيقيين، وكتب ووزع أغنيتها ثوروا كتشي جيفارا وأغنية أجمل البحار للشاعر التركي ناظم حكمت في ألبومها الجديد فَتَح الورد"

حياتها

بدأت تغني وتمثل على المسارح بعمر خمس سنوات في حفلات القرية وخارجها وفي أفراح ومناسبات وطنية وشعبية ومع فرق فلسطينية موسيقية عديدة وجابت البلاد وخارجها في حفلات ومشاريع ثقافية متعددة وهي طفلة صغيرة مع فرقة الأستاذ منير جبران وفرقة الأستاذ فوزي السعدي وفرقة موال الناصرة في المرحلة الثانوية وحازت على جوائز عديدة آنذاك بعدها تخرجت من مدرسة يني يني الثانوية (1986) كفر ياسيف وهو العام الذي اصدرت به أولى أغنياتها الخاصة «نحن في حلٍ من التذكار» وتلتها أغنياتها لا أحد يعلم وعناتا وهي أغاني من ألحان المهندس نزار زريق والذي شكّلا سوية ثنائيا وأحيا حفلات في البلاد وخارجها.

دراستها
تخرجت من مدرسة يني يني الثانوية عام (1986) في قرية كفر ياسيف

درست أمل مرقس الفنون المسرحية وتطوير الصوت وهي خريجة معهد فنون الأداء المسرحي بيت تسفي (1990) وخريجة معهد الفنون مصرارة القدس- في موضوع الفن من أجل التغيير الاجتماعي (2007), عملت محاضرة في قسم المسرح وتطوير الصوت المسرحي في كلية دار المعلمين- حيفا ومرشدة للمعلمين في مجال الصوت والتفكير الإبداعي.

مسيرتها الفنية
أنتجت وأصدَرَت خمسُ ألبومات وعروض تحمل نفس الأسماء لحفلات ٍ غنائية، لأغاني من ألحان كلمات فلسطينية وعربية أصيلة.

وفي العام (1998) صدر أول البوم غنائي لها وحاز على نجاح جماهيري واهتمام إعلامي واسع في البلاد وأنحاء العالم وقامت شركة "EMI hamspher" بتوزيعه عالمياً وقدمت أمل عشرات الحفلات في مهرجانات موسيقية دولية.

وغنت من أشعار محمود درويش وتوفيق زياد وفدوى طوقان سميح القاسم أحمد فؤاد نجم وصلاح جاهين ومن الكتاب الشباب مرزوق حلبي، نزار زريق، خير فودي، فراس زريق، مهران مرعب. غنت مع فرقة الهيبهوب الفلسطينة «دام» بأغنية لو أرجع بالزمن أغنية ضد قتل النساء بإنتاج يونيفيم وشاركت الشاعر محمود درويش أمسيات ثقافية في الناصرة وكفر ياسيف عام (1999) وغنت العديد من قصائده المغناة من إنتاجها وقدمت وأدارت أمسية الشاعر التاريخية في كرمل حيفا (2007) وشاركت الشاعر سميح القاسم أمسياته الشعرية في أنحاء البلاد وخارجها وفي تكريمه وقدمت وأدارت أمسية الشاعر التاريخية في كرمل حيفا (2007).

البومات

1-«أمل» (EMI UK Hamspher (2000

2-«شوق» (2004).

3-«نعنع يا نعنع» (2007) إحياء وإعادة بناء أغاني شعبية فلسطينية.

4-ألبوم «بَغَني» (2011) والذي حاز على تقييم فني كأفضل ألبوم للعام (2011) في سباق الأغاني والنقاد الموسيقيين في الصحافة.

5-«فَتَح الورد» -(2016) -(2015). الذي صدر مؤخرا وحاز على نجاح كبير وتغطية إعلامية واسعة ساهمت أمل باستنهاض القدرات المحلية الفنية للفلسطينيين الذين بقوا في الوطن هي وشركائها الموسيقيين قاموا بتلحين وإنتاج أغان وموسيقى الفلسطينية الحديثة وإحياء أغان شعبية والمستمدة والمستوحاة من ألوان الموسيقى والإيقاعات من حوض البحر الأبيض المتوسط العربية وتأثيرات شرقية وغربية متنوعة، لكلمات أغان من أشعار فلسطينية وعربية وأغان مستوحاه من الشعب وقصته التاريخية والاجتماعية، كما تغني ثيمة البيت، المرأة وقضيتها، الطفل والحب والإنسان والبيئة عامة وحمايتها وعدم دمارها، أمل تُنشد الحرية وكرامة الإنسان ومشاعر الإنسان العاطفية بأشكالها ومزاجاتها.

منذ العام (2010) تختار أمل تسجيل أغانيها في بيت في كفر ياسيف يتحول لاستوديو بتقنيات عالية لبضعة أسابيع، وورشة عمل موسيقية زاخرة، وهناك أنتجت وسجلت ألبومها «بغني وألبومها فتح الورد» وأغنية صيغة عربية لأغاني من أمريكا اللاتينية متل غراسياس الافيدا وتشي جيفارا أنتجت وقدمت عروضا موسيقية عديدة ومتنوعة موسيقيا وفرقتها بقيادة الفنان الملحن عازف الكمان والعود نسيم دكور «سبعون عام لميلاد فيروز» احتفاء جليلي فلسطيني بالسيدة فيروز، نعنع يا نعنع، شوق، أمل وبغني، وفتح الورد، أوتاري ولحني وغيرهم. شاركت عضوة في لجنة تحكيم فنية في برنامج المسابقات الغناء الفلسطيني الشهير نيو ستار 2010

أحيت مئات الحفلات في البلاد وفي مهرجانات موسيقية دولية في كل أنحاء العالم وشاركت في العديد من الإسطوانات والمشاريع الموسيقية متعددة الحضارات واللغات ومع فنانين من البلاد والعالم.

المشاركات الفنية
شاركت أمل في الغناء مع عدة فنانين حول العالم:

 مع فنان الروك العالمي روبرت وايت والذي سجل صيغة مجددة لأغنيتها لا أحد يعلم في ألبومه «شوكولاط» غنت مع فنانة الشعب الأمريكي جوان باييز
 مع فنانة الشعب الأرجنتيني مارسيدس سوسا
 مع المغنيه البرازيلية ناني كاييمي
 مع الفنان التونسي أنور إبراهيم في افتتاح بيت العرب في مدريد
 مع المغنية اليونانية جليكاريه ويوديت تمير في صلاة الامهات
 مع مغني نابولي الشهير انزو افيتابيلي وشاركنه حفلات وفيلم موسيقي عالمي
 مع المغني الباسكي فيرمين مغروزا في فيلمه موسيقى تضرب الجدار
 مع فرقة Stadio ستاديو الإيطالية
 مع فرقة راديو دروايش الإيطالية العربية
 مع الفنان الأمريكي بيتير يارو في مشروع الأطفال العالمي «لا تسخروا مني»
 شاركت الشاعر والإعلامي زاهي وهبة أمسية فنية ثقافية – ليلة لفلسطين" في عمان
 شاركت فرقة اسكندريلا وأميمة الخليل ومارسيل خليفة حفل وجلسات مؤتمر حرية التعبير في الإعلام-عمان
 2001 اختارها التلفزيون Arte في فيلم "بريمادوناس فيست" كواحدة من أفضل الأصوات النسائية في القرن العشرين قدمت فيه أغنيتي: لا أحد يعلم ويا عود وشارك في الإنتاج مغنيات من كل أنحاء العالم "جيسي نورمان- خاريس اليكسيو – ديدي بريدج وولتر وأخريات
 غنت في الڤاتيكان -يوبيل العائلة (2001)
 في اليونسكو فالينتسيا وهولندا (1998)
 في مهرجان المدينة تونس (2002)
 مع الفلهارمونية الملكية ليفربول –(2005)UK
 مع السمفونية المغربية في الدار البيضاء (2006)
 في افتتاح بيت العرب في مدريد (2006)
 WOMEX (2003)- SIVILIA
 (WOMAD NZ-AD (2010
 (BATH FISTIVAL-UK (2002
 TuDUS oS CONDOS Fistival BRAZIL
 RUDULSTAD – GERMANY
 قدمت حفلا غنائيا حياً في راديو"3 wdr" الألماني وترجمت الأغاني للغة الألمانية شاركت (2014) في الدور الرئيسي «تاهيداج» في المسرحية الأوبراليه «ترانس مغرب» في مهرجان بريجينيس – النمسا.
 وحازت على إعجاب النقاد والصحافة الألمانية النمساوية قدمت عرضاً موسقياً في معهد العالم العربي في باريس وفي مهرجانيي" بونجور لا ڤي "بلجيكا وسوليدارس نامور (2017) وأحيت حفلات في مركز جاكوپ پيلو ومركز Mama
 وقاعة عروض جامعة بيركلي للموسيقى في بوسطن وماستر كلاس لطلاب بيركلي ميوزيك وحفلات في جامعة نيويورك وقاعة لنكولن سينتر عام (2018)
 مهرجان قرطاج الدولي تونس (2018)
 أثينا مسرح الصخرة (2019)
 قاعة بيركلي بوسطن للعروض (2019)
 حفلات في المتحف الفلسطيني كوناتيكت
 وفي أيرلندا إستراليا.نيوزلندا، بلغاريا. دبي. اليونان، جزر الكناري، فرنسا.اسبانيا. بريطانيا، إيطاليا. لوكسومبورع.تانزانيا.المغرب وتونس وغيرهم.

تكريمات وجوائز

 حازت على جائزة من منظمة فري ميوزيك الدنمارك على عملها الفني ضد الرقابة على الفن (2003)
 جائزة منظمة فري ميوزيك الدنمارك على عملها الفني ضد الرقابة على الفن (2003)
 جائزة منظمة النساء «ومان تو ومان» USA على فنها من أجل دعم قضايا النساء (2000)
 جائزة من محافظة اڤيلينو إيطاليا على غنائها للحرية والسلام (2003)
 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان دولي في حيفا (2003)
 جائزة أفضل مغنية في مسابقة الغناء المسرحي من ماكس فاكتور (1988) من معهد الفنون الأدائية
 جائزة أولى في مهرجان أغاني الأطفال (1979) في طمرة وهي بعمر عشر سنوات
 جائزة من محافظة اڤيلينو ايطاليا على غنائها للحرية والسلام (2003)
 جائزة أفضل ممثلة في مهرجان دولي في حيفا (2003)
 جائزة أفضل مغنية في مسابقة الغناء المسرحي من ماكس فاكتور (1988) من معهد الفنون الأدائية
 جائزة أولى في مهرجان أغاني الأطفال (1979) في طمرة وهي بعمر عشر سنوات.
 تكريم من مؤسسة محمود درويش (2018)

برامج تلفزيونية

«غصن زيتون»
 «كان يا ما كان»
 «جيران»
 «بورتريت»
 «بوابة أمل»
 «يا اولاد حارتنا»
 «شارع سمسم»
 «غني لي غني» برنامج موسيقي غنائي ثقافي من إعدادها وتقديمها على قناة مكان سهرة من إعدادها وتقديمها وكما قدمت وأعدت لمدة 12 عام برنامجا ثقافياً شاملاً «رفع الستار» في إذاعة الشمس والذي حاز على مساحة استماع واسعة محلية وعالمية. حاورت به شخصيات ثقافية فنية وإعلامية من فلسطين والعالم العربي ودول العالم وحازت على لقب «الإعلامية الممتازة» في عيد الإذاعة في العام (2011)
سهرة أمل- تلفزيون فلسطين
الهوينا - تلفزيون مساواة

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

http://amalmurkus.org/

"Amal Murkus YouTube official "https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC3atMjoWkvJJsibGuWFpIvg/playlists

Amal Murkus Facebook official page

"Amal Murkus instagram "https://www.instagram.com/amalmurkus/

"Amal Murkus Spotify "https://open.spotify.com/artist/35Or8bOOKNt9UJKHcySKdP?si=_AuK_slKT06ToFzXPbxODQ

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من عكا
شيوعيون إسرائيليون
شيوعيون فلسطينيون
عرب 48
مسيحيون عرب
مسيحيون عرب إسرائيليون
مغنيات إسرائيليات
مغنيات فلسطينيات
مواليد 1388 هـ
مواليد 1968
مواليد في كفرياسيف
ناشطات إسرائيليات
ناشطون إسرائيليون
نساء عرب 48
نسويون عرب إسرائيليون
نسويون فلسطينيون
مغنيات إسرائيليات في القرن 21

أمل مرقس


El cuervo de las Banggai (Corvus unicolor), es un ave paseriforme miembro de la familia Corvidae del archipiélago de las Banggai en Indonesia.

Está clasificada como en peligro crítico de extinción por la UICN y se temía incluso extinguido, pero fue redescubierto en las expediciones a la isla de Indonesia de Peleng por el ornitólogo Mochamad Indrawan entre 2007 y 2008.

Descripción
Se ha considerado a veces una subespecie del cuervo picofino (Corvus enca), pero en realidad es bastante diferente a esta especie, pareciéndose más a un cuervo de Célebes (Corvus typicus) que fuese completamente negro. El cuervo Banggai es un cuervo de tamaño medio, de unos 39 cm de largo y totalmente negro con un iris oscuro y una cola corta.

Conservación
Desde hace más de un siglo, era conocido solo por dos muestras procedentes de una isla desconocida del Archipiélago de Banggai, recogidas probablemente entre 1884 y 1885. Las visitas al archipiélago en 1991 y 1996 no produjeron ningún registro inequívoco de la especie, lo que llevó a algunos a creer que se había extinguido. En una expedición realizada entre 2007 y 2008 (financiada parcialmente por la Sociedad Zoológica para la Conservación de Especies y Poblaciones de Alemania), fue visto varias veces en la isla de Peleng por el ornitólogo Mochamad Indrawan, que captura y fotografía a dos individuos. La validez de estos avistamientos no fue reconocida por BirdLife International para su Lista Roja de 2009. La confirmación de la identidad fue hecha por Pamela C. Rasmussen, del Museo Americano de Historia Natural en octubre de 2009.
La población total se estima en aproximadamente 500 individuos, que viven en los bosques de montaña a altitudes superiores a 500 m.
El declive del cuervo de Banggai se piensa que es principalmente debido a la pérdida y degradación del hábitat por la agricultura y la minería.
Este pájaro ha sido durante mucho tiempo y sigue siendo un completo enigma. Listado como Vulnerable en la Lista Roja de la UICN de 1994, fue cambiado a En Peligro en 2000. En 2006, la situación fue considerada como posiblemente extinta. Afortunadamente, esto resultó ser incorrecto y la situación se corrigió a En Peligro Crítico en la Lista Roja de 2007.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

unicolor
Aves de las Célebes
Animales descritos en 1900
Taxones descritos por Ernst Hartert
Taxones descritos por Lionel Walter Rothschild

Corvus unicolor


Jean Hyacinthe Hocquart, seigneur de Montfermeil et de Coubron, est issu d'une famille champenoise distinguée, ayant fourni des administrateurs (intendants), et qui sut se diversifier, chose rare, à la fois dans la robe, l'épée et la finance. Il obtient par arrêt de la Cour des Aides (6 août 1760) une sentence de maintenue de noblesse pour sa famille depuis 1509.

Il est le second fils de Jean-Hyacinthe (I) Hocquart (1650-1723), qui fut commissaire ordonnateur du port de Brest, secrétaire de Colbert, et fermier général en 1721 (régie de Charles Cordier, 358), jusqu'à sa mort, et de Marie-Françoise Michelet. Ils eurent 14 enfants, d'où vinrent les branches de Montfermeil ; Joseph, branche de Coeuilly ; et Toussaint, branche de Blincourt et de Turtot, ainsi que Gilles, intendant du Canada.

Jean Hyacinthe (II) Hocquart (1694-1764), devenu de Montfermeil, succéda à son père comme fermier général, de 1723 à 1762. Il fut aussi trésorier de la Marine (1728).

L'inspecteur de police Meusnier, dans ses rapports publiés sous le titre Origines... des fermiers-généraux, en donne un bref portrait (n° XLVI) : « Il a été employé dans les vivres de Flandres & d'Allemagne ; il a été commissaire-général. C'est un fort habile homme pour les fermes. Il a trois frères : un qui est intendant de la marine à Brest, un autre trésorier-général de l'artillerie, & un capitaine de vaisseau. Leur mère étoit la plus digne femme du monde (...) Il vit assez bien avec ses frères ; pour tous les autres, il est haut, dur, ne pensant qu'à lui. Il a marié une de ses filles à M. de Cossé de Brissac. C'est une famille qui donne dans la dévotion. »

Il acquit en 1737 pour 210,000 £ la baronnie et le château de Montfermeil, aujourd'hui disparu, qui avait appartenu au contrôleur général Chamillard, au financier Fargès, et à la famille Bigot ; puis le Petit Château en 1742, la châtellenie de Coubron en 1741 pour 100,000 £, et la châtellenie de Gagny en 1760, achetée 91,800 £ à son beau-frère Gaillard de la Bouexière. Ces terres (sauf Gagny) furent réunies lors de la création du marquisat en 1777 (c'est par erreur que certains auteurs datent le marquisat de 1735).

Sa pierre tombale se trouve en l'église Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul de Montfermeil.

Mariage et descendance
Il avait épousé en 1725 Marie-Anne Gaillard de la Bouexière de Gagny (1706-1752), fille aînée de Jean Gaillard, écuyer, conseiller-secrétaire du Roi, fermier général et de son épouse, Catherine Coupard. Tous deux eurent 8 enfants, 5 fils et 3 filles, très bien alliées à de nobles militaires.

 Marie Anne Hocquart (1726-1779), mariée en 1744 avec René Hugues Timoléon de Cossé Brissac, lieutenant général des armées du Roi, commandeur de l'ordre royal et militaire de Saint Louis (1702-1754), dont postérité ;

 Jean-Hyacinthe-Emmanuel Hocquart, seigneur de Gagny (1727-1778) fut conseiller (1747) puis président en la deuxième chambre des requêtes au Parlement de Paris (9 janvier - Woelmont - ou 13 février 1758). Il ne semble pas avoir été plus fidèle que son frère : « M. Hocquart de Montfermeil vit avec la demoiselle Huss, actrice aux Français, rue Mazarine » (10 janvier 1766) ; en 1772, il vivait avec la demoiselle Beauvoisin. Ayant fait aménager son château de Montfermeil par Ledoux, il fut créé marquis par Louis XVI en décembre 1777, peu avant le mariage de son fils ; malheureusement, il mourut l'année suivante, âgé de 51 ans. il s'était marié (contrat du 17 octobre 1751) avec Louise-Rose Poullard (1735-1769), fille d'un gentilhomme de la grande écurie, dont un fils, Jean-Hyacinthe-Louis Hocquart (1752-1798), officier de cavalerie ; le 2 mars 1778, il avait épousé sa cousine, Eugénie Gaillard de Beaumanoir (fille de Jean-Baptiste et de Marie-Eugène Préaudeau, aussi d'une famille de fermiers généraux), dont il eut un fils (né en 1779), sans doute mort jeune, et une fille survivante, Adélaïde, marquise de Fougières . Il est mort à Turin, dernier marquis de Montfermeil.
 Thérèse Louise Hocquart (1731-1750), mariée en 1749 avec Pierre Paul d'Ossun, marquis d'Ossun, grand d'Espagne, ambassadeur du Roi de France à Madrid, puis à Naples (1713-1788), dont postérité : leur petite-fille Sophie d'Ossun épouse Louis Joseph Nompar de Caumont, 9e duc de La Force ;
 Jean Hyacinthe Hocquart (1733-1755) ;

 Gilles-Marie, dit Hocquart de Coubron (1735- guillotiné en 1794), hérita de la charge de fermier général de son père et ne l'exerça que deux ans (1762-63). C'est à son propos sans doute (et dans sa jeunesse) que la police note : « Hocquart de Coubron a payé les dettes de la (demoiselle) Grécourt et l'a emmenée dans une de ses terres ». Il épouse Madeleine Eléonore Martinet ;
 Charles François Hyacinthe Hocquart (1739 -  ) ;
 Jean Baptiste Marie Hyacinthe Hocquart, gouverneur de Chandernagor (1740-1791), marié avec Anne Sophie Olivier ;
 Jeanne Marie Hocquart, mariée en 1760 avec Anne Pierre de Montesquiou Fezensac (1739-1798), dont postérité.

Armoiries
Les armoiries sont : « de gueules à trois roses d'argent (posées deux en chef et une en pointe) », qui figurent sur le blason municipal de Montfermeil, et sur le chef de celui de Coubron.

Références

Naissance en 1694
Décès en mai 1764
Fermier général

Jean Hyacinthe Hocquart de Montfermeil


Hvordan det videre gik den grimme ælling er en dansk tegnefilm fra 1982, der er instrueret af Jannik Hastrup efter eget manuskript.

Handling
Filmen digter videre på H.C. Andersens eventyr om Den grimme ælling. Den voksne ælling får problemer med at skifte klasse og social status. Måske gør det alligevel noget, at man er vokset op i en andegård, når man skal klare sig blandt svanerne.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1982

Tegnefilm fra Danmark


Andreescu este un film românesc din 1971 regizat de Dumitru Dădârlat.

Prezentare

Distribuție

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1971 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1971

Andreescu (film)


Bury kan have flere betydninger:

 Bury, Cambridgeshire, England
 Bury, Canada
 Bury, Greater Manchester, England
 Bury F.C.
 Metropolitan Borough of Bury
 Bury, Moselle, Frankrig
 Bury, Oise, Frankrig
 Bury, Somerset, England
 Bury, West Sussex, England
 Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England

Personer:
 Friedrich Bury
 John Bagnell Bury
 Pol Bury

Bury


Uma missão, ou quest, é uma tarefa em videogames que um personagem, grupo ou grupo de personagens controlados pelo jogador pode completar para ganhar uma recompensa. As missões são mais comumente vistas em jogos de RPG e jogos multijogador massivo online (MMORPGs). As recompensas podem incluir loot como itens ou moeda do jogo, acesso a novos estágios ou áreas, um aumento na experiência do personagem para aprender novas habilidades e habilidades ou qualquer combinação dos itens acima.

As missões geralmente se enquadram em vários tipos, como missões para matar, missões de coleta, missões de entrega/"busca" e missões de escolta. No entanto, as missões podem incluir mais de uma tarefa, como coletar algo e transportá-lo para algum lugar. As missões podem ser vinculadas para formar séries ou cadeias de missões. Dessa forma, as missões são usadas para fornecer ao jogador mais informações sobre o cenário em que seus personagens estão. Esse mecanismo também é usado para avançar qualquer história ou enredo que o jogo possa ter.

Muitos tipos de missões são chamados de "sidequests". Estas são missões que se desviam do enredo principal e não são necessárias para completar o jogo.

Visão geral

No sentido mais geral, uma busca é uma "caça por um resultado específico", em contraste com simplesmente ganhar um jogo. Missões típicas envolvem matar um número definido de criaturas ou coletar uma lista de itens específicos. Algumas missões podem levar apenas alguns minutos ou horas para serem concluídas, enquanto outras podem levar vários dias ou semanas. Muitas vezes, quanto maior a recompensa, mais tempo a missão leva para terminar, e é comum que uma missão exija que os personagens tenham cumprido um certo conjunto de pré-condições antes de serem autorizados a começar.

Missões são uma ferramenta usada em jogos de RPG para evitar colocar os jogadores em uma posição em que eles apenas executem uma ação repetitiva, como matar criaturas. Os jogadores podem estar realizando esta atividade para ganhar novas habilidades e progredir para novas áreas, ou para ganhar dinheiro no jogo para comprar novos itens, como armaduras e equipamentos. Esse processo, comumente conhecido como "grinding", pode retardar a progressão de um personagem no jogo e, em última análise, limitar a diversão do jogador. Ter várias missões para os personagens enfrentar é visto como uma maneira de fornecer variedade e combater a necessidade de grinding nesses tipos de jogos.

Uma sidequest é uma seção opcional de um videogame e é comumente encontrada em videogames de RPG. É uma missão menor dentro de um enredo maior e pode ser usada como um meio de fornecer estruturas não lineares para uma trama linear. Como regra geral, a realização de sidequests não é essencial para que o jogo seja finalizado, mas pode trazer diversos benefícios ao personagem do jogador.

Tipos de missões comuns

Missões para matar
Uma missão para matar envia o personagem para matar um número específico de criaturas nomeadas ou um NPC específico (personagem não jogável). Esses tipos de missões geralmente exigem que o personagem traga provas de seu trabalho, como troféus ou partes do corpo (presas de javali, peles de lobo, etc.).

Missões de combo
A missão de combo exige que um jogador ataque certos inimigos ou estruturas com uma combinação de ataques até que o número necessário de combos seja alcançado. Inimigos nessas missões geralmente são imortais ou infinitos em número, até que o jogador seja bem sucedido. Nesse ponto, os inimigos seriam mortos ou parariam de aparecer.

Missões de entrega
Outro tipo de missão é a missão de entrega, que envolve o personagem sendo enviado para entregar um item de um local para outro. Às vezes, o personagem pode precisar coletar o item primeiro, em vez de receber o item para entregar ao iniciar a missão. Essas missões são desafiadoras ao pedir ao personagem que viaje por terrenos desconhecidos ou perigosos, às vezes enfrentando um limite de tempo.

Missões de coleta
As missões de coleta, também conhecidas como missões de coleta ou missões de busca, exigem que um personagem colete vários itens. Estes podem ser coletados de um local ou ambiente, ou exigir que o personagem mate criaturas para coletar os itens necessários. A missão também pode exigir que o personagem colete vários itens diferentes, por exemplo, para montar um dispositivo.

Missões de escolta
A missão de escolta é uma combinação de matar inimigos para manter o bem-estar de um personagem não jogável (NPC), enquanto explora uma área ao lado desse NPC. Uma missão de escolta típica envolveria proteger um personagem enquanto ele se move por uma área infestada de inimigos. Na maioria das vezes, a missão exigirá que o jogador mate vários inimigos para garantir a segurança do NPC. As missões de escolta podem ser benéficas, forçando os jogadores a se concentrarem em uma área específica para demonstrar uma cena ou revelar uma seção do enredo. As missões de escolta também podem ser usadas para induzir um personagem de um local para outro, levando o jogador ao longo de uma rota ou caminho. No entanto, problemas com esse tipo de missão podem ocorrer se a inteligência artificial que controla o NPC fizer com que o NPC se comporte de maneiras inesperadas ou imanejável. Como muitas missões de escolta são frequentemente vistas como mal feitas, elas são muito impopulares entre a comunidade de jogadores.

Missões de sintaxe
Um fenômeno exclusivo dos jogos baseados em texto, as missões de sintaxe dependem de adivinhar a sintaxe correta a ser usada para realizar uma operação (tipicamente simples).

Missões híbridas
Elementos dos tipos acima podem ser combinados para fazer missões mais complexas. Por exemplo, uma missão pode exigir que o jogador encontre as peças necessárias para montar uma arma específica (missão de coleta) e, em seguida, use essas peças para matar um inimigo específico (missão para matar). As missões híbridas também podem incluir quebra-cabeças e enigmas.

Cadeias de missões
Uma cadeia de missões é um grupo de missões que são concluídas em sequência. A conclusão de cada missão é um pré-requisito para iniciar a próxima missão na cadeia. As missões geralmente aumentam em dificuldade à medida que o jogador progride na cadeia. As missões normalmente revelam um único enredo em estágios, onde os eventos durante os estágios do enredo explicam o motivo ou razões para as diferentes missões. As cadeias de missões também podem começar com missões de abertura ou de migalhas de pão, a fim de incentivar os personagens a viajar para uma nova área, onde mais elementos da cadeia de missões são revelados. Por meio de mecanismos como esses, o cenário de um determinado local é explicado ao jogador, com o enredo sendo divulgado à medida que o personagem avança.

Ver também

 MacGuffin
 Jogabilidade não linear

Terminologia de jogos eletrônicos
Terminologia de RPG

Missão (jogos eletrônicos)


Blaise François Pagan, conte de Merveilles, senior de l'Isle, consilier în consiliile regale, baron de Pont de Sorgues (n. 1603, Saint-Pierre-de-Vassols, Vaucluse – d. 18 noiembrie 1665, Paris) a fost un  (echivalent general-maior) francez, inginer militar, savant și teoretician al fortificațiilor.

Este descendentul unei familii napolitane, instalată în Franța în 1552. A servit sub Ludovic al XIII-lea și Ludovic al XIV-lea. A murit fără să fie căsătorit și fără urmași.

Lucrări publicate
 1645: Traité des fortifications, prima ediție, a doua ediție în 1689 Texte Gallica
 1651: Théorèmes géométriques, prima ediție, a doua ediție în 1654
 1655: Relation historique et géographique de la grande rivière des Amazones dans l'Amérique, extraite de divers auteurs, dedicată lui Mazarin, o traducere de povestiri spaniole și portugheze despre Amazon
 1656: Théorème sur les racines carrées et cubiques, ediție postumă în 1669
 1657: Théorie des planètes, unde descrie mișcarea planetelor pe elipse
 1658: Tables astronomiques,
 1659: Astrologie naturelle,
 1663: Homme héroïque, ou le prince parfait sous le nom de roi Louis-Auguste, dedicată lui Ludovic al XIV-lea

Note

Bibliografie
  Blaise François comte de Pagan, în Charles Perrault, Les Hommes illustres qui ont paru en France pendant ce siècle, Ed. Antoine Dezallier, 1697, tome 1, pp. 27–28 (online)
  Hélène Vérin, La gloire des ingénieurs. L'intelligence technique au XVIe au XVIIIe siècle, Ed, Albin Michel, Paris, 1993, ISBN 978-2-226-06138-6, p. 455

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1604
Decese în 1665
Ingineri francezi
Arhitecți francezi
Arhitecți din secolul al XVII-lea

Blaise François Pagan


La saison 2021-2022 du championnat de Tunisie masculin de basket-ball est la  de la compétition.

Formule de la compétition
Pour la première fois de l'histoire du championnat, seulement dix équipes sont retenues pour disputer le championnat (contre douze équipes lors des éditions précédentes). Le championnat de cette saison est composé de trois phases.

La première phase se déroule en aller/retour avec une unique poule de dix équipes, les six premiers étant qualifiés pour le tour suivant (play-off) tandis que les quatre derniers étant qualifiés pour les play-out.

Lors de la deuxième phase, les six équipes qualifiées disputent leurs matchs sous forme d'aller/retour. Les quatre premiers sont qualifiés pour la dernière et troisième phase (super play-off).

Clubs participants

Changements d'entraîneur

Compétition

Première phase

 Source : Fédération tunisienne de basket-ball.

|}

Équipe leader par journée

Play-off

|}

Les résultats sont les suivants :

Super play-off

Champion
 Union sportive monastirienne
 Président : Ahmed Belli
 Entraîneur :
 Joueurs : Neji Jaziri, Oussama Marnaoui, Radhouane Slimane, Mohamed Adam Rassil, Firas Lahyani, Mohamed Abbassi, Wassef Methnani, Mokhtar Ghayaza, Michael Dixon, Souleymane Diabate, Houssem Mhamli

Récompenses individuelles

Autres
La Fédération tunisienne de basket-ball n'a pas choisi les meilleurs joueurs de chaque position pour la saison 2021-2022.

L'Étoile sportive du Sahel, champion de division nationale B, monte en nationale A.

Notes et références

2021-2022
Basket-ball M1
Tunisie M1

Championnat de Tunisie masculin de basket-ball 2021-2022


Frankfurt Okulu'nun, özellikle Max Horkheimer ve Theodor W. Adorno tarafından geliştirilen ve kullanılan ve Okul'un genel yaklaşımını ifade ana kavramlardan birisi de kültür endüstrisi. Okul'un özgül Marksizm anlayışlarını açıkça gösterir bu kavramlaştırma, çünkü geleneksel Marksizm düşüncesindeki altyapı-üstyapı ya da ekonomi-kültür gibi temel ayrımları dışta bırakır. Geleneksel Marksizm altyapı-üstyapı kavramlarıyla ve özellikle de altyapıya verilen ağırlıklı rol ile ilgilenir. Frankfurt Okulu'nda ise bu anlayış, yerini yeni bir durum olarak tespit ettikleri altyapı-üstyapı kaynaşması fikrine bırakır.

Kültürün kendisinin bir endüstri ve kültür ürünlerinin de metalar haline geldiği iddiası kültür endüstrisi kavramının ortaya çıkışına kaynaklık eder. Bu kavramlaştırma, bir anlamda sistemin (kapitalizmin ve endüstri toplumunun) kendini her düzeyde, altyapıda ya da üst yapıda nasıl yeniden ürettiği ve meşrulaştırdığını açıklayan bir yön izler. Kültürel ürünler standartlaştırılarak ve buna karşı farklılıklar marjinalleştirilerek bu ürünlerin tanıtılma ve dağıtım tekniklerinin rasyonelleştirilmesidir  Kültür endüstri'sinde anlatılan. Böylece, Kültür ile Endüstri'nin bileşiminden doğan yeni bir ekonomik-toplumsal-siyasal gerçekliğin eleştirel değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmektedir.

Bu endüstri, sanatsal biçimin bütünselliğine önem vermez, etkinin öncelikli hakimiyetini düşünür. Öncelikli amacı gündelik yaşamın sıkıcılığına karşı geçici bir kaçış olanağı sunması, bu şekilde oyalanma ve zihinsel uzaklaşma sağlayarak tam da bu zeminde sistemin sürekliliğini sağlamasıdır. Ancak, elbette kaçış geçicidir ve gerçek değildir, insanların yaşamlarındaki temel gerçeklikleri, yani baskıları ve yoksunluklarını unutmaları ve çalışma azimlerini yeniden bulmaları amaçlanır. Üretim ve tüketim bu noktadan itibaren sistemin, kendini yeniden ürettiği araçlarıdır artık.

Adorno, özellikle endüstri ürünlerinin insanları kaçındıkları dünyaya nasıl yeniden eklemlediğini ve böylece sistemi güçlendirdiğini göstermeye çalışmıştır. Burada söz konusu olan ikili bir süreçtir, bir yanda endüstri kültürelleşmekte ve öte yandan kültür de endüstrileşmektedir. Kültür endüstrisi, ürünleriyle, yaşamdaki olumsuz faktörlerin doğal nedenlere ya da tesadüflere bağlı olduğunu düşündürür. Böylece bağımlılık ve yükümlülük bilinci genelleşir. Kültür endüstrisi bu anlamda, ideolojinin (Endüstri ideolojisinin) kültürel metalar aracılığıyla  yayılmasını ve içselleştirilmesini hedeflemektedir denebilir.

Mevcut düzen içinde "ideoloji bir tür toplumsal harç" olarak anlaşılabilirse, kültür endüstrisinin bu  harcı yeniden üretip görünmez kılarak dolaşıma soktuğu ve böylelikle mevcut toplumsal-siyasal yapıyı sıvadığı söylenebilir. Boş zamanın, yani iş dışındaki zamanların nasıl denetlendiğini, kontrol edildiğini  ve yönlendirildiğini anlamak da kültür endüstrisi anlayışının araştırma konusudur. Birey, hem üretim hem de tüketim alanlarında belirlenmiş ve yönlendirilmiştir. Kültür endüstrisi, bu anlamda sistemin yeniden ve yeniden üretiminin hem maddi hem de düşünsel gerçekliğidir.

Yine de, tüm bu kuşatıcı durumla birlikte ve bu durumun içinde eleştirel teoriye bir alan ve imkân kalmaktadır. Eleştirel teori, bu özgül alanda kurulup kültür endüstrisine karşı deşifre edici/aydınlatıcı etkinliğini sürdürebilecektir. Bunun nasıl mümkün olabildiği, bu mümkünlüğün kuramsal düzlemde nasıl temellendirileceği elbette çeşitli itirazlara ve eleştirilere maruz kalmıştır, ancak kültür endüstrisi kavramlaştırması bu sorunlara rağmen 20.yüzyıldaki kültür kuramının gelişimine ve dolayısıyla da kapitalist toplum yapısındaki yeni durumlara/ olgulara açıklık getirmekte önemli başarılar göstermiştir. Popüler kültür, kitle kültürü, egemen kültür, yüksek kültür, pop kültürü vb. türde eski-yeni kavramlar ve bunlar etrafında dönen politik-teorik tartışmalar birçok bakımdan ve özellikle de köken itibarıyla Frankfurt okulu kaynaklıdır ve Kültür Endüstrisi kavramından gelmektedir.

Kültür endüstrisi kavramlaştırması, sonuç olarak, hem derin yapısı hem de gündelik yaşamdaki mekanizmaları itibarıyla yabancılaşmanın nasıl meydana geldiğini, üretim ve tüketim süreçlerinin bütünlüğünde anlama ve değerlendirme imkânı sunmaktadır, diyebiliriz.

Marksizm

Kültür endüstrisi


A Coordenação Nacional de Entidades Negras (CONEN) é uma entidade representativa das associações negras brasileiras.

Foi fundada em novembro de 1991 como um dos resultados do I Encontro Nacional de Entidades Negras, realizado na cidade de São Paulo, sendo uma das principais organizações em seu gênero criadas no Brasil naquela década.

Seu surgimento derivou da percepção da necessidade de organizar e unificar o movimento negro no Brasil em suas lutas contra o racismo e a exclusão e pela dignidade, direitos e cidadania, servindo como uma central das entidades de base afro-brasileiras, passando a ser responsável pela organização dos subsequentes Encontros Nacionais de Entidades Negras. Também fazem parte das suas pautas influenciar na criação de políticas públicas, recuperar a memória da comunidade, promover a melhoria da qualidade de vida, fomentar a participação feminina, denunciar violações de direitos, estimular a reflexão e debater temas como a violência contra os negros, liberdade de expressão e outros. Desde o início passou a fazer parte do Conselho Nacional de Promoção da Igualdade Racial e manteve uma preocupação de estabelecer contatos com grupos internacionais.

A CONEN se consolidou como uma organização de âmbito nacional, uma das mais destacadas do país, agregando centenas de entidades em todo o território brasileiro, procurando costurar linhas de ação comuns entre as diferentes orientações e interesses específicos das suas afiliadas. Todos os anos a CONEN organiza no Dia da Consciência Negra a já tradicional Marcha Zumbi dos Palmares, que a cada ano enfoca temas diferentes. Em 2019 a CONEN recebeu do governo do estado de Goiás a Comenda Zumbi dos Palmares, em reconhecimento pela sua atividade de valorização e desenvolvimento da cultura afro-brasileira.

Ver também
 Racismo no Brasil
 Movimento negro no Brasil
 História do povo afro-brasileiro

Ligações externas

Movimento negro no Brasil
Organizações do estado de São Paulo
História dos afro-brasileiros
Associações do Brasil
História da cidade de São Paulo
Organizações não governamentais de direitos humanos do Brasil
Antirracismo
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Negres)


Northparkes Mine ist ein Bergwerk, in dem Kupfer, Silber und Gold in New South Wales in Australien abgebaut wird. Das Bergwerk liegt etwa 27 Kilometer nordwestlich von Parkes.

Die North Limited begann mit dem Aufbau des Bergwerks im November 1992, 15 Jahre nachdem die Erzlagerstätte mit 64,1 Millionen Tonnen Erz entdeckt wurde. Der Abbau begann 1993 im Tagebau und im Jahr 1997 im Untertagebau auf 480 Meter Tiefe, der damals der weltweit produktivste Untertagebau mit einer automatisierten Förderung war. Im Jahr 2000 erreichte die Mine ihre höchste Produktivität mit einer Förderquote von 50.000 Tonnen Erz je Beschäftigten.

Das Kupferkonzentrat enthält etwa 35 % Kupfer, 12,05 Gramm Gold je Tonne und 121,6 Gramm Silber je Tonne. Es wird mit Roadtrains zur 13 Kilometer entfernten Goonumbla Rail gebracht, in Container verladen und von dort nach Port Kembla bei Wollongong gebracht, um anschließend zu Schmelzhütten in Japan
(67 %), Australien (14 %) und in andere Länder (19 %) verschifft zu werden.

Die 160 Beschäftigten des Bergwerks leben in der Stadt Parkes, die etwa 12.000 Einwohner zählt. Seit 2000 hält 80 % der Aktien die britisch-australische Rio Tinto Group und 20 % die japanische Sumitomo Group.

Weblinks
Website der Northparkes Mine

Einzelnachweise

Kupferbergwerk in Australien
Goldmine in Australien
Geologie Australiens
Geographie (New South Wales)
Rio Tinto Group
Bergwerk in Australien und Ozeanien

Northparkes Mine


Anguissa est un quartier de la ville de Yaoundé, capitale du Cameroun, situé au cœur  de l'arrondissement de Yaoundé IV  subdivision de la Communauté Urbaine de Yaoundé.

Histoire
Patronyme dérivé du nom de M. Jean-Pierre Anguissa, ancien photographe professionnel né en 1940 à Mimboman I. Après ses études, il effectue des stages et ouvre en 1972 le célèbre Studio Photo AS.

Le nom Anguissa de son appellation originale Yeleboga ou Emombo désigne les maracas ou les sonnailles, instrument de musique traditionnel contenant des petits cailloux que l'on secoue pour obtenir un rythme musical. Pour Séverin Cécile Abega, son nom dérive plutôt de l'Œil.

Le quartier a finalement porté ce nom avec la contribution de son auteur qui a placé en plein carrefour une pancarte indiquant le carrefour Anguissa en hommage à ses pères. Déclaration parue dans le quotidien Mutations.

Géographie
Situé au Centre-Ville de Yaoundé, il est entouré des quartiers Mimboman, Mvog Ada, et Nkondongo.

Éducation

 Lycée d'Anguissa
 École publique d'Anguissa
 Groupe scolaire bilingue Bill Gates

Santé

 Pharmacie Balance

Lieux populaires

 Carrefour Anguissa
 Shell Anguissa
 Stade Malien d'Anguissa

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
 .

Liens externes
 Site officiel - Communes et villes unies du Cameroun

Quartier de Yaoundé

Anguissa


Tilner ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Bernd Tilner (* 1959), deutscher Fußballtorwart
 Martin Tilner (* 1964), deutscher Fußballspieler

Tilner


An Schoenus unispiculatus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Ferdinand von Mueller ngan George Bentham. An Schoenus unispiculatus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Schoenus, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Schoenus

Schoenus unispiculatus


iiNet Limited is an Australian internet service provider and telecommunications company that sells NBN plans, 4G and 5G Home Wireless Internet and services on its ULTRA Broadband Cable, FTTB and VDSL2 networks. It also sells mobile phone sim-only plans using the Vodafone network.

iiNet was acquired by TPG in September 2015 for $1.56 billion, but retained its retail brand name in the market. iiNet acquired or merged with many smaller ISPs, building a customer base in Western Australia and then, by acquiring ihug and OzEmail, expanded into the eastern states.

History
iiNet was founded in 1993 by Michael Malone and Michael O'Reilly, who started the business in a suburban garage in Perth as iiNet Technologies. It began as one of the first Australian ISPs to offer TCP/IP Internet access , as opposed to the store-and-forward techniques (such as MHSnet) that were then in use at other ISPs. It claims it was the first ISP to offer PPP access in Australia, and to be the first to base operations on the then new Linux operating system.

In 1995, the company moved to a CBD office. Early growth during the Internet boom was hampered by the ability of Telstra (not releasing Bigpond as an ISP until 1997) to cope with the demand of needed telephone lines, and by the sheer competitive pressure in the Perth market, which had a comparative oversupply of low-cost providers. In 1996, iiNet expanded into the Adelaide market under the name light.iinet.net.au (named after Colonel Light), in partnership with locals John Lindsay and Leigh Hart. The South Australian branch moved to become the number three ISP in the state, before being acquired by Auslink in 1998.

Early growth
In 1997, due to growing demand for infrastructure and an increase in staff numbers, the company relocated to the central QV.1 building. Additionally, during the same period, the Western Australian Internet Association established a peering and interconnection arrangement called WAIX among its members, including iiNet and several other Perth-based ISPs.

With the internet market transitioning to 56K technology in late 1997,  traditional racks of modems at ISPs became redundant and expensive. To adapt to the changing marketplace, CBD-hosted equipment from Cisco, Ascend, and Livingston became essential. The Perth market also faced competition from budget national providers, notably One.Tel.

In 1998, iiNet's founding partner, Michael Malone, acquired the company entirely and subsequently listed it on the Australian Securities Exchange in September 1999 (ticker symbol IIN). With new capital, iiNet acquired its major local competitors in the Perth area, including Wantree Internet and Omen Internet, along with several smaller competitors like Networx Internet, Infinite Data, Octal, and Net Trek Online Services.

This was perceived by most observers as a rationalisation of an unsustainable services market and allowed not only iiNet, but also other providers such as Westnet, EFTel (itself an agglomeration of several ISPs formed in 2000), ArachNet and Global Dial among others to grow in the local market and to expand into fully-fledged national providers.

After the dot-com bubble burst in mid-2000, iiNet fared poorly on the markets – with shares at one stage falling to  from a  issue price – however its share price recovered as time progressed. In September 2000, iiNet became the first Western Australian provider to offer ADSL technology.

Growth through acquisition
The company created a new registered telecommunications provider iiTel, later renamed Chime Communications, that sought to improve Internet access prices by making wholesale telephone access much cheaper. This was possible through new interconnection agreements mandated by the Australian Government's deregulation of the telecommunications industry, and provided the foundation for iiNet's later move into telephony via its iiPhone (later Phone Advantage and Phone 1) and iiNetPhone (later iiNet VoIP) products.

Based on its new abilities, and after consolidating its local position, iiNet focused on expanding to national coverage in the early 2000s through strategic acquisitions and natural growth. The acquisitions were:
RuralNet (Mildura and regional Victoria)
Tas Access (Tasmania)
Granite Internet (Fleurieu Peninsula, South Australia)
RockNet (Rockhampton, Queensland)
Hartingdale (Sydney)
Country Netlink (regional Victoria)
Origin Internet (regional Victoria)
Froggy Internet (Sydney)
Virtual Communities (Melbourne)
Octa4 (Darwin)
TransACT (Australian Capital Territory and Queanbeyan)

With the advent of ADSL access, iiNet and several other Western Australian providers on the WAIX were at the forefront of the price and service wars, and were able to make a sizable push eastwards into larger lucrative markets.

In 2003, iiNet made what was then its biggest acquisition, purchasing key New Zealand provider ihug. The acquisition significantly increased iiNet's share of the Australian and New Zealand Internet market.

In 2005, iiNet acquired the residential ISP business and trademarks of rival OzEmail. The business side and infrastructure of that business remained in the ownership of US-parent MCI. OzEmail had been Australia's largest ISP until 2000, when it was acquired by MCI. The retail arm had been neglected, and the company moved very late into ADSL, meaning that it had difficulty positioning itself as a broadband player. iiNet initially used both the OzEmail and iiNet brands on the east coast, but by 2006 iiNet had largely abandoned the OzEmail brand, using its own corporate image across Australia.

DSLAM deployment
In late 2004, throughout 2005 and into 2006, iiNet moved to introduce their own DSLAM infrastructure (colloquially known as iiSLAMs or iiDSLAMs in the industry) into telephone exchanges Australia-wide. This move allowed iiNet to be the first Australian DSL carrier to offer speeds of over 1.5 Mbit/s to a significant number of customers. The maximum download speed was initially 8 Mbit/s (ADSL1), which increased to 12 Mbit/s and later to 24 Mbit/s, as ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards have been ratified and tested with iiNet's equipment. There are currently over 406 enabled exchanges active around Australia, and a list of these exchanges can be found at iiNet's official website.

Launch of telephony products
2004 saw the introduction of iiPhone in the form of a long-distance carrier.

In February 2005, iiNet introduced their full-service iiPhone telephony service with their new range of iiBroadband2 packages, allowing customers to pay their telephony costs completely through iiNet, including line rental and local calls.

In August 2005, iiNet released iiNetPhone, their consumer VoIP service. The product was an add-on service, available only to customers that also use their iiPhone service. As with most VoIP services, call costs were well under standard market prices for a regular copper line. The iiNetPhone service supports inbound and outbound calls to normal Australian PSTN numbers.

In 2006, iiNet were trialling its MSAN services in three Perth telephone exchanges; but release and expanded trial of these has since been put on hold until further notice. MSANs are iiNet's own full telephone service, meaning they can be completely off Telstra's phone service and onto their own. This would result in a lower line rental price for its customers and free additional add on options to the phone service.

Regulatory conflict with Telstra
In late 2005, Telstra Wholesale made changes to their pricing arrangements, each of which forced iiNet to make changes to their product line and pricing. The first of these changes was to the DSLAM port rate, which resulted in an increase of the cost of a 1.5 Mbit port. iiNet reduced the speeds for their two cheapest plans to 512 kbit/s, while doubling the data allowance on these plans in an attempt to placate users. They also rebranded the plans available to their Telstra Wholesale customers (512 kbit/s and 1.5 Mbit/s plans) to iiBroadband1, reserving the iiBroadband2+ moniker to uncapped "Up to 24 Mbit/s" speed plans, only available in areas connected to an exchange with an iiNet DSLAM. In April 2006, another iiBroadband1 (using Telstra Wholesale) plan's speed was reduced to 512 kbit/s (though existing plan users were allowed to keep their speed).

The second was an increase in line rental for iiPhone. The rate was increased from  to , and was also blamed on price increases from Telstra Wholesale. Michael Malone said in regard to both changes, "We're disappointed in the changes to our broadband arrangements and line rental prices from Telstra Wholesale and we're challenging this."

This dispute was resolved, and line rental returned to  a month under the re-branded Phone 1 plan on the iiNet website.

Suspension and resumption of share trading
iiNet's share value slid from  in September 2005 to  in April 2006. On 18 April 2006, iiNet requested a trading halt pending the release of an announcement. Two days later, it suspended its shares from quotation. Initially, the company advised it intended to resume trading on the ASX the following week, but on 21 April, a local newspaper, WA Business News, speculated that "One line of thought is that uncertainty on behalf of iiNet's bankers, will result in the company embarking on a capital raising to address concerns over banking covenants, and provide its bankers with a measure of confidence." Other speculation in the same article suggested that iiNet may be about to exit New Zealand or the CEO was about to sell his shareholding.

On 1 May 2006, iiNet advised the ASX that its shares would remain suspended, as its March quarter results had been "well below expectations". The company announced on 11 May 2006 that updated financial figures for the previous year would not be released for "one to two weeks". On 13 May, The West Australian business section reported on the matter, and claimed that founder Michael Malone had been "sidelined", and that the company was "open for takeover" according to analysts, who rated Singtel Optus as the most likely suitor. On 18 May, WA Business News agreed with the West's claim that takeover offers were being evaluated, however contradicted the claim that Malone had been sidelined. Meanwhile, ZDNet reported, "It is likely iiNet's management will move more conservatively now that their financial dirty laundry has been so publicly aired. They'll need to remain focused on consolidating their assets after what is expected to be a large drop in iiNet's share price when the stock resumes trading."

On 26 May, the stock was reinstated to official quotation and fell on its first trading day to , after the 27 May edition of The West Australian reported that iiNet was in the red for the first time in five years and had vowed not to repeat costly mistakes. PowerTel, a Sydney-based telco, would emerge with a diluted stake of 13% at 85c a share and Michael Malone's share would be diluted to 14.4%.

On 31 May, Amcom Telecommunications announced it had acquired a 19.96% stake in iiNet, becoming the company's largest shareholder.

On 21 June, the Malone family increased their holding to 19.97%.

Sale of ihug – New Zealand subsidiary
On 20 July 2006 iiNet announced that they were wanting to sell their New Zealand subsidiary – ihug. Potential buyers included Orcon Internet, Vodafone and TelstraClear. The sale to Vodafone NZ was announced on 9 October 2006, at a price of  – roughly six times ihug's EBIT at the time.

2008 acquisitions
January 2008 saw iiNet recommence its acquisition strategy with the purchase of the customer base of local Perth ISP Up'n'away. This was followed in May with the purchase of rival Perth-based ISP Westnet, in a friendly acquisition worth $81 million. In a departure from previous acquisitions, iiNet also announced that Westnet would continue to operate as a separate entity. However, as of 2013 some marketing copy is identical, suggesting at the very least a degree of back-office collaboration now exists.

As part of the Westnet acquisition, iiNet's online gaming presence was closed in August 2008, with operations being moved to the former Westnet gaming site 3FL.

2010 acquisitions

iiNet continued to grow through acquisitions by purchasing rival ISP Netspace in March 2010. The deal, valued at $40 million, increased iiNet's total number of broadband subscribers to 520,000, and also followed the pattern of the Westnet takeover with Netspace remaining operational as a separate entity under iiNet.

In late July 2010, iiNet agreed to purchase AAPT's consumer operations for $60 million from Telecom New Zealand. As part of the acquisition, Telecom New Zealand entered into a block-trade agreement to sell their 18.2% share holding in iiNet to "institutional and sophisticated investors", a move viewed by many as a defensive action against a takeover bid from industry rival TPG. The purchase of AAPT increases iiNet's total broadband subscribers to more than 652,000 and total active services to more than 1,326,000.

2011 acquisitions

On 16 November 2011 it was announced that iiNet was in the final stages of negotiations in the acquisition of Canberra-based telco TransACT. The acquisition was completed on 30 November 2011 at a cost of $60 million.

On 22 December 2011, iiNet announced it would acquire rival ISP Internode for $105 million with the transaction due to be completed late February 2012.

2013 acquisitions
On 4 August 2013 iiNet announced it would be purchasing the South Australian ISP Adam Internet for $60 million, after an identical bid by Telstra was rejected by the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission (ACCC) on grounds that the telco giant would use its acquisition of Adam to undercut its rivals' offers through the use of favourable wholesale supply deals.  The sale process was completed at the end of August, with Adam becoming a subsidiary of iiNet.

AFACT lawsuit

On 20 November 2008, the Australian Federation Against Copyright Theft (AFACT) filed a lawsuit against iiNet in the Federal Court of Australia claiming that iiNet infringed copyright by failing to prevent its subscribers from downloading illegally copied material using the BitTorrent peer-to-peer protocol. The lawsuit was co-filed by 34 film and affiliated companies including Village Roadshow, Universal Pictures, Warner Bros. and 20th Century Fox as well the Seven Network, an Australian television broadcaster, and alleges breach of copyright on a number of popular movies and television shows. It was later revealed in a wikileaks document AFACT was backed by MPAA.

In response, iiNet issued a statement indicating that iiNet had been passing on the reports of infringement received from AFACT to law enforcement authorities, and that iiNet could not disconnect a customer's phone line based on an allegation unproven in the courts. Michael Malone, managing director of iiNet, went on to state that "AFACT is arguing that they don't want to talk to the police, and we should just cut the customers off". However, the Statement of Claim filed at the Federal Court does not indicate AFACT are asking for users to be disconnected but that iiNet subscribers are "prevented" from committing copyright infringement.

The case is regarded as a test case for copyright infringement in Australia, and AFACT was represented by Gilbert + Tobin, the same law firm that successfully sued the makers of Kazaa in 2005.

In 2010, Justice Cowdroy in the Federal Court found in favour of iiNet, noting that while iiNet users did infringe, this was not the responsibility of iiNet to deal with.

On 20 April 2012 the High Court of Australia handed down its decision in Roadshow Films Pty Ltd v iiNet Ltd which confirmed the intervening Federal Court Full Bench decision affirming the first instance decision of Cowdroy, though not supporting all his reasons. In his reasoning, Gummow J. noted in particular the current legislation did not provide a mechanism to deal with peer-to-peer infringements and it needed to be addressed by legislature.

Products and services
iiNet Limited provides Broadband and IP telephone communication services to consumers and business customers. Its flagship products are broadband2+ (ADSL2+) services and more recently reselling NBN as well as services for businesses.

iiNet was part of the Terria consortium that unsuccessfully bid to build the National Broadband Network in 2008.

iiNet is now a Retail Service Provider (RSP) to serve customers with the NBN (National Broadband Network). Australian consumers can now sign up for services such as fibre to the home (FTTH), FTTC, HFC and fixed wireless. From 2011, iiNet also sold services on the NBN Interim Satellite Service; however, demand for these connections exceeded the available capacity, severely congesting the service. As a result, iiNet withdrew the product from sale in November 2013, and NBN co issued a cease sale for all RSPs in December 2013.

iiNet also offers a variety of mobile services to businesses and the public, which includes post-paid mobile plans and mobile data plans that run on the Vodafone network;
iiNet have offered 1000MB to members at no additional cost for web site hosting from the beginning. As of 1st August 2023 the parent company (TPG) killed all the hosted sites which now re-direct to a page saying hosting is EOL. As of 7th August, they advise that email will also cease: iiNet has made the decision to stop providing email services in 2023. This change will help us focus on creating better experiences for our core products: internet and mobile.

Chime Communications

Chime Communications is an Australian telecommunications company founded by iiNet in 1996.

It was the focus of a dispute regarding access to the Telstra PSTN network which was settled by the ACCC in 2007.

See also

References

External links

Westnet – an iiNet subsidiary
iiNet's discussion forum on Whirlpool
iiNet's listing on Broadband Choice

Australian companies established in 1993

Internet service providers of Australia
Companies formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange
Companies based in Perth, Western Australia
Telecommunications companies established in 1993
2015 mergers and acquisitions

IiNet


Park-šuma Savska opatovina, park-šuma u Hrvatskoj i jedna od 17 park-šuma na prostoru Grada Zagreba. Nalazi se uz rijeka Savu. Ukupna površina iznosi 68,80 ha, od čega je 33,47 ha u državnom, a 14,33 ha u privatnom vlasništvu. Prosječna drvna zaliha iznosi 290 m3/ha, a prirast 8,00 m3/ha. To su topolove sastojine u dobi od 30-60 godina vrlo slabog obrasta (0,1-0,4). Osim toga postoji i jedna kultura običnog bora u dobi od 30 godina. Sastojinu je nužno njegovati i istovremeno obnavljati unoseći bijelu i crnu topolu, bijelu vrbu i euroameričke topole. Na boljim staništima pod zastorom starije sastojine moguće je unositi hrast lužnjak, a na čistinama poljski jasen i crnu johu. S obzirom na to da je ovo jedina ritska šuma topola i vrba od preostalih 16 park-šuma, a imajući u vidu europski trend čuvanja i širenja istih, trebalo bi uložiti dosta stručnog rada da se revitalizira.
Državnih šuma je 33,47 ha, privatnih 14,33 ha, ostalih površina 21,00 ha. Prosječna drvna zaliha je 290,00 prostornih metara po hektaru. Prosječni godišnji tečajni prirast je 8,00 prostornih metara po hektaru.

Izvori
 Matić, Slavko; Prpić, Branimir: PROGRAM NJEGE, OBNOVE I ODRŽAVANJA, TE EKOLOŠKE I SOCIJALNE FUNKCIJE PARK-ŠUMA NA PODRUČJU GRADA ZAGREBA. Izvorni znanstveni članak. Šumarski list br. 5–6., CXXI (1997). str. 231., 232. i 235. Sadržaj prenesen sa stranica Šumarskog lista uz dopuštenje.

Park-šume u Zagrebu

Park-šuma Savska opatovina


Peter Harings, né le  à Sibbe dans la province de  Limbourg, est un coureur cycliste néerlandais, professionnel de 1985 à 1989.

Ses oncles Ger, Huub et Jan Harings ont également été cyclistes professionnels.

Biographie
Peter Harings finit  de Liège-Bastogne-Liège en 1986. L'année d'après, il prend la deuxième place de la Flèche brabançonne et remporte le maillot de la montagne du Tour du Danemark.

Palmarès sur route

Palmarès amateur
 1982
  du Tour de la province de Liège
 1983
 b étape du Triptyque ardennais
  du Triptyque ardennais
 1985
  Champion des Pays-Bas sur route amateurs
 Triptyque ardennais :
 Classement général
  étape
  étape du Sealink International Grand Prix
  du Circuit des Ardennes
  du Tour du Hainaut occidental
  du Tour du Limbourg

Palmarès professionnel
 1987
  étape du Tour du Danemark
  de la Flèche brabançonne

Résultats sur les grands tours

Tour d'Espagne
1 participation
 1986 : abandon ()

Palmarès de cyclo-cross
1977-1978
  du championnat des Pays-Bas de cyclo-cross juniors
1982-1983
  du championnat des Pays-Bas de cyclo-cross amateurs
1984-1985
  Champion des Pays-Bas de cyclo-cross amateurs

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureur cycliste néerlandais
Cyclo-crossman néerlandais
Naissance en juin 1961
Naissance dans la province de Limbourg (Pays-Bas)

Peter Harings


Nothofagus, also known as the southern beeches, is a genus of 43 species of trees and shrubs native to the Southern Hemisphere in southern South America (Chile, Argentina) and east and southeast Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and New Caledonia. The species are ecological dominants in many temperate forests in these regions. Some species are reportedly naturalised in Germany and Great Britain. The genus has a rich fossil record of leaves, cupules, and pollen, with fossils extending into the late Cretaceous period and occurring in Australia, New Zealand, Antarctica, and South America.

Description
The leaves are toothed or entire, evergreen or deciduous. The fruit is a small, flattened or triangular nut, borne in cupules containing one to seven nuts.

Reproduction
Many individual trees are extremely old, and at one time, some populations were thought to be unable to reproduce in present-day conditions where they were growing, except by suckering (clonal reproduction), being remnant forest from a cooler time. Sexual reproduction has since been shown to be possible.

Taxonomy
The genus Nothofagus was first formally described in 1850 by Carl Ludwig Blume who published the description in his book Museum botanicum Lugduno-Batavum, sive, Stirpium exoticarum novarum vel minus cognitarum ex vivis aut siccis brevis expositio et descriptio.

In the past, they were included in the family Fagaceae, but genetic tests revealed them to be genetically distinct, and they are now included in their own family, Nothofagaceae.

Species list
The following is a list of species, hybrids and varieties accepted by the Plants of the World Online as of April 2023:
Nothofagus aequilateralis (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
Nothofagus alessandrii Espinosa (Central Chile)
Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
Nothofagus antarctica (G.Forst.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
Nothofagus balansae (Baill.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
Nothofagus baumanniae (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
Nothofagus betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile South)
Nothofagus brassii Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus carrii Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus cliffortioides (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus codonandra (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Caledonia)
Nothofagus crenata Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.f.) Oerst. (Tasmania, Victoria)
Nothofagus discoidea (Baum.-Bod.) Steenis (New Caledonia)
Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirb.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
Nothofagus flaviramea Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus fusca (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus glauca (Phil.) Krasser (Chile Central)
Nothofagus grandis Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus gunnii (Hook.f.) Oerst. (Tasmania)
Nothofagus macrocarpa (A.DC.) F.M.Vázquez & R.A.Rodr. (Chile Central)
Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus moorei [F.Muell.) Krasser (New South Wales, Queensland)
Nothofagus nitida (Phil.) Krasser (Chile South)
Nothofagus nuda Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus obliqua (Mirb.) Oerst. (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
Nothofagus perryi Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus pseudoresinosa Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus pullei Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser (Argentina South, Chile Central, Chile South)
Nothofagus resinosa Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus rubra Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus rutila Ravenna (Chile Central)
Nothofagus solandri (Hook.f.) Oerst. (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus starkenborghiorum Steenis (Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea)
Nothofagus stylosa Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus truncata (Colenso) Cockayne (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus womersleyi Steenis (New Guinea)
Nothofagus × apiculata (Colenso) Cockayne (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus × blairii Kirk (New Zealand North, New Zealand South)
Nothofagus × dodecaphleps Mike L.Grant & E.J.Clement (artificial hybrid)
Nothofagus × eugenananus Gilland. (artificial hybrid)
Nothofagus × leoni Espinosa (Chile Central)
Nothofagus × solfusca Allan (New Zealand North)

Subgenera
Four subgenera are recognized, based on morphology and DNA analysis:
 Subgenus Fuscospora, six species (N. alessandri, N. cliffortioides, N. fusca, N. gunnii, N. solandri, and N. truncata) in New Zealand, Tasmania, and southern South America.
 Subgenus Lophozonia, seven species (N. alpina, N. cunninghamii, N. glauca, N. macrocarpa, N. menziesii, N. moorei, and N. obliqua) in New Zealand, Australia, and southern South America.
 Subgenus Nothofagus, five species (N. antarctica, N. betuloides, N. dombeyi, N. nitida, and N. pumilio) in southern South America.
 Subgenus Brassospora (or Trisyngyne), 20 accepted species (N. aequilateralis, N. balansae, N. baumanniae, N. brassii, N. carrii, N. codonandra, N. crenata, N. discoidea,  N. flaviramea, N. grandis, N. nuda, N. perryi, N. pseudoresinosa, N, pullei, N. recurva, N. resinosa, N. rubra, N. starkenborghiorum, N. stylosa, and N. womersleyi) in New Guinea and New Caledonia.

In 2013, Peter Brian Heenan and Rob D. Smissen proposed splitting the genus into four, turning the four recognized subgenera into the new genera Fuscospora, Lophozonia and Trisyngyne, with the five South American species of subgenus Nothofagus remaining in genus Nothofagus. The proposed new genera are not accepted at the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.

Extinct species
The following additional species are listed as extinct:<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Carpenter | first1 = RJ | last2 = Bannister | first2 = JM | last3 = Lee | first3 = DE | last4 = Jordan | first4 = GJ | year = 2014 | title = Nothofagus subgenus Brassospora (Nothofagaceae) leaf fossils from New Zealand: A link to Australia and New Guinea? | journal = Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 174 | issue = 4| pages = 503–515 | doi=10.1111/boj.12143}}</ref>
†Nothofagus australis (Argentina, Early Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus balfourensis (Tasmania, Late Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus beardmorensis (Antarctica, Late Pliocene)
†Nothofagus bulbosa (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus cethanica (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus cooksoniae (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus crenulata (Argentina, Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus cretacea (Antarctica, Late Cretaceous)
†Nothofagus densinervosa (Argentina, Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus elongata (Argentina, Early Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus glandularis (Tasmania, Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus glaucifolia (Antarctica, Late Cretaceous)
†Nothofagus lanceolata (Argentina, Late Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus lobata (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus magelhaenica (Argentina, Early Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus magellanica (Argentina, Late Oligocene-Mid Miocene)
†Nothofagus maideni (Tasmania, Early Oligocene-Mid Miocene)
†Nothofagus microphylla (Tasmania, Late Oligocene-Mid Miocene)
†Nothofagus mucronata (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus muelleri (New South Wales, Late Eocene)
†Nothofagus novae-zealandiae (New Zealand, Mid-Late Miocene)
†Nothofagus pachyphylla (Tasmania, Early Pleistocene)
†Nothofagus palustris (New Zealand, Late Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus peduncularis (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus robusta (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus serrata (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus serrulata (Argentina, Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus simplicidens (Argentina, Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene)
†Nothofagus smithtonensis (Tasmania, Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus tasmanica (Tasmania, Eocene-Early Oligocene)
†Nothofagus ulmifolia (Antarctica, Late Cretaceous)
†Nothofagus variabilis (Argentina, Oligocene)
†Nothofagus zastawniakiae (Antarctica, Late Cretaceous)

Distribution
The pattern of distribution around the southern Pacific Rim suggests the dissemination of the genus dates to the time when Antarctica, Australia, and South America were connected in a common land-mass or supercontinent referred to as Gondwana. However, genetic evidence using molecular dating methods has been used to argue that the species in New Zealand and New Caledonia evolved from species that arrived in these landmasses by dispersal across oceans. Uncertainty exists in molecular dates and controversy rages as to whether the distribution of Nothofagus derives from the break-up of Gondwana (i.e. vicariance), or if long-distance dispersal has occurred across oceans. In South America, the northern limit of the genus can be construed as La Campana National Park and the Vizcachas Mountains in the central part of Chile.

 Evolutionary history Nothofagus first appeared in Antarctica during the early Campanian stage (83.6 to 72.1 million years ago) of the Late Cretaceous. During the Campanian Nothofagus diversified and became dominant within Antarctic ecosystems, with the appearance of all four modern subgenera by the end of the stage. Nothofagus shows a progressive decline in the Antarctic pollen record through the Maastrichtian, before substantially recovering after the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary. Nothofagus persisted in Antarctica deep into the Cenozoic, despite the increasingly inhospitable conditions, with the final records from the late Neogene, around 15-5 million years old, which were small tundra-adapted prostrate shrubs, similar to Salix arctica (Arctic willow).Nothofagus first appeared in southern South America during the late Campanian. During the Paleocene and Eocene they were mostly restricted to southern Patagonia, before reaching a peak abundance during the Miocene. Their distribution contracted westwards during the late Miocene due to the aridification of Patagonia.

Although the genus now mostly occurs in cool, isolated, high-altitude environments at temperate and tropical latitudes, the fossil record shows that it survived in climates that appear to be much warmer than those that Nothofagus now occupies.

EcologyNothofagus species are used as food plants by the larvae of hepialid moths of the genus Aenetus, including A. eximia and A. virescens. Zelopsis nothofagi is a leaf hopper, endemic to New Zealand, which is found on Nothofagus.Cyttaria is genus of ascomycete fungi found on or associated with Nothofagus in Australia and South America. Misodendrum are specialist parasitic plants found on various species of Nothofagus in South America.

The species of subgenus Brassospora are evergreen, and distributed in the tropics of New Guinea, New Britain, and New Caledonia. In New Guinea and New Britain Nothofagus is characteristic of lower montane rain forests between 1000 and 2500 meters elevation, occurring infrequently at elevations as low as 600 meters, and in upper montane forests between 2500 and 3150 meters elevation. Nothofagus is most commonly found above the Castanopsis-Lithocarpus zone in the lower montane forests, and below the conifer-dominated upper montane forests. Nothofagus grows in mixed stands with trees of other species or in pure stands, particularly on ridge crests and upper slopes. The Central Range has the greatest diversity of species, with fewer species distributed among the mountains of western and northern New Guinea, New Britain, and Goodenough and Normanby islands.

The New Caledonian species are endemic to the main island (Grand Terre), most commonly on soils derived from ultramafic rocks between 150 and 1350 meters elevation. They occur in isolated stands, forming a low or stunted and irregular and fairly open canopy. The conifers Agathis and Araucaria are sometimes present as emergents, rising 10 to 20 meters above the Nothofagus canopy.

Beech mast
Every four to six years or so, Nothofagus'' produces a heavier crop of seeds and is known as the beech mast. In New Zealand, the beech mast causes an increase in the population of introduced mammals such as mice, rats, and stoats. When the rodent population collapses, the stoats begin to prey on native bird species, many of which are threatened with extinction.  This phenomenon is covered in more detail in the article on stoats in New Zealand.

References

External links

Nothofagaceae
Trees of New Zealand
Fagales genera
Extant Campanian first appearances
Taxa named by Carl Ludwig Blume

Nothofagus


Amerikan İsrail Kamu İşleri Komitesi (American Israel Public Affairs Committee, AIPAC), 55.000 üyesi bulunan, ABD ile İsrail Devleti ilişkilerini düzen AIPAC, ABD-İsrail ticaret ilişkilerinin derinleştirilmesine, ortak askeri programların gerçekleştirilmesinde önemli bir etkiye sahip bir kuruluştur. 1951'de kurulmuştur. Bütçesi 65 milyon dolardır.

AIPAC, askeri yardımlarda da çok etkindir. Örneğin,1986'da ABD Dışişleri Bakanı Shultz'un AIPAC'a bizzat yazıyla başvurarak, İsrail'e yollanacak silah türleri ve yardım paketleri konusunda görüş istemesi örgütün gücünü gösteriyor. İsrail'e yapılan yardımlar, 1985'ten sonra, AIPAC sayesinde, karşılıksız hale gelmiştir.

Dış bağlantılar
 AIPAC'ın resmi sitesi

1963'te kurulan kuruluşlar
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri-İsrail ilişkileri
1951'de kurulan kuruluşlar

AIPAC


ෂකීබ් අල් හසන් (බෙංගාලි: সাকিব আল হাসান; උපත 1987 මාර්තු 24) බංග්ලාදේශ ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩකයෙක් සහ බංග්ලාදේශ ජාතික ක්‍රිකට් කණ්ඩායමේ ටෙස්ට් සහ වි20ජා ක්‍රිකට් වල වත්මන් නායකයෙකි. ඔහු අයිසීසී එදිජා ක්‍රීඩකයින් ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීම්වල අංක 1 තුන් ඉරියව් ක්‍රීඩකයා ලෙස ශ්‍රේණිගත කර ඇත. ඔහු මැද පෙළෙහි ආක්‍රමණශීලී වමත් පිතිකරණ විලාසයක් භාවිතා කරන අතර මන්දගාමී වමත් ඕතඩොක්ස් පන්දු යැවීම සිදු කරයි. ඔහු 2019 දී ESPN විසින් ලොව ප්‍රසිද්ධම ක්‍රීඩකයා ලෙස 90 වැනි ස්ථානයට පත් විය.

ෂකීබ් අල් හසන් 2007 වසරේදී ඉන්දියාවට එරෙහිව සිය මංගල ටෙස්ට් තරගයට පිවිසියේය. 2008 වසරේ නවසීලන්තයට එරෙහිව චිතගොං හි පැවති ටෙස්ට් තරගයේදී ඔහුගේ ඉදිරි ගමන සිදු විය. 2012 ආසියානු කුසලානයේ දී ශකීබ් අර්ධ ශතක තුනක් ඇතුළුව ලකුණු 237ක් රැස් කළ අතර කඩුලු 6ක් ද දවා ගත්තේය. බංග්ලාදේශය පළමු වරට තරගාවලියේ අවසන් මහා තරගයට පිවිසි අතර එහිදී පාකිස්තානය හමුවේ ලකුණු දෙකකින් පරාජයට පත්විය. ෂකීබ් අල් හසන් ක්‍රීඩාවේ දැක්වූ දස්කම් වෙනුවෙන් සම්මාන රැසකින් පිදුම් ලැබුවා. පිත්තෙන් සහ පන්දුවෙන් ඔහුගේ විශිෂ්ට දස්කම් නිසා 2019 ලෝක කුසලාන ක්‍රිකට් තරගාවලියේ වටිනාම ක්‍රීඩකයා විය. ඔහු මුළු ලකුණු 606ක් ලබා ගනිමින් තරඟාවලියේ වැඩිම ලකුණු ලාභීන් අතර 3වන ස්ථානයට පත්විය. ඔහු සියලු ආකාරවලින් තරගයේ වීරයා සම්මාන 31ක් සහ තරගාවලියේ වීරයා සම්මාන 16ක් ලබා ඇත. දැනට, ඔහු සචින් ටෙන්ඩුල්කාර් සහ විරාත් කෝලිට පසුව සියලුම ආකාරයේ තරඟාවලියන්හි 3 වන වැඩිම හොදම ක්‍රීඩකයා සම්මානයට හිමිකම් කියයි. 2022 ජූනි වන විට, ෂකීබ් පිරිමි වි20ජා කඩුලු 119ක් ද, වි20ජා ලෝක කුසලානවල කඩුලු 41ක් ද ලබා ගෙන එම ලැයිස්තුවල ප්‍රථම ස්ථානයේ වාර්තාවට හිමිකම් කියයි.

යොමු කිරීම්

ෂකීබ් අල් හසන්


Herbert George Wells ya da daha çok tanındığı adla H. G. Wells (21 Eylül 1866 - 13 Ağustos 1946), Dünyaların Savaşı, Görünmez Adam, Dr. Moreau'nun Adası ve Zaman Makinesi adlı bilimkurgu romanlarıyla tanınan ama neredeyse edebiyatın her dalında birçok eser vermiş olan İngiliz yazardır. Sosyalist olduğunu açıkça söyleyen H.G. Wells'in çoğu eserinde önemli ölçüde siyasi ve sosyal yorumlar bulunmaktadır. Jules Verne gibi gelecekteki teknolojik gelişmeleri anlattığı kitaplarıyla bilimkurgu dalının öncülerinden hatta yaratıcılarından sayılmaktadır.

Aynı zamanda 1920 yılında günün en önemli insanlık tarihi kitaplarından olan Outline of History eserini yayımlamıştır. Bu kitap Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarafından değerlendirilmiş ve "kalıcı dünya barışı için uluslararası hükûmet" görüşü Nutuk'ta yer almıştır. Nutuk'tan ilgili kısım şöyledir:

Wells'in bilimkurgu romanlarında  teknolojinin  gözlemlenmesinin  getireceği  olanaklar  bir  yana  bırakılır. Wells'te spekülasyon bir edebiyat biçimine dönüşür ve teknolojinin değil de onun toplumsal temellerinin araştırılmasına dönük bir boyut kazanır.

Wells'in ilham kaynağı Jules Verne olmuştur, ama Verne'in Ay'a Seyahati (De la Terre à la Lune) ile Wells'in Aydaki İlk İnsanlar (The First Men in the Moon) romanını karşılaştıracak olursak, kolaylıkla görebileceğimiz gibi Wells; Verne'in teknolojiye verdiği önemi paylaşır, ama Verne'in romanında "Nasıl ve hangi teknolojik olanakla?" sorusu ortaya atılırken, Wells'te Ay yolculuğunun teknik sorunu baştan savma bir biçimde geçiştirilir. Çünkü Wells'in derdi, teknolojik olanakların gelecekteki muhtemel ürünlerini tahmin etmek değil, Ay'daki  toplumsal hayatın bizzat kendisi üzerine, tıpkı bir zamanlar Thomas More'un Ütopya örneğinde olduğu gibi, model düşünceler geliştirmektir.

Wells sadece bilimkurgu içindeki ütopya karşıtı düşüncelerin savunucusu olarak bu türe damgasını vurmakla kalmaz, toplumun şiddet ve zor yoluyla, gereğinden hızlı bir süreç içinde sosyalist bir topluma dönüştürülmesinin sakıncalarına olduğu kadar, sınıf karşıtlıklarının iyice sivrileceğine karşı da uyarır bizi.

Eserleri

H. G. Wells, çok sayıda eser vermiş, özellikle ilk dönemlerinde yazdığı bilimkurgu romanlarıyla, çok okunan yazarlar arasında yer almış, Jules Verne ve Hugo Gernsback ile birlikte "Bilimkurgunun Babası" sayılmıştır. Ayrıca ABD sinema endüstrisi Wells'in eserlerine yoğun ilgi göstermiştir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1866 doğumlular
Bromley doğumlular
Büyük Londra doğumlu yazarlar
1946 yılında ölenler
19. yüzyıl Britanyalı roman yazarları
20. yüzyıl Britanyalı roman yazarları
İngiliz bilimkurgu yazarları
Britanyalı cumhuriyetçiler
Imperial College London'da öğrenim görenler
Fabian Derneği üyeleri
Science Fiction Hall of Fame üyeleri
Edward devri
Londra'da ölenler

H. G. Wells


The Revopak is a type of waste collection vehicle manufactured by the British company Shelvoke and Drewry.

Introduced in 1971, the Revopak was a British-built clone of the French Bennes-Ray "Superpac". It was one of the first vehicles to address the problem of compacting and destroying the high content of packaging materials now found in domestic refuse.

By using a huge, hydraulic-powered rotating rake with large steel tines, refuse was scooped up from the loading hopper and forced through a set of stationary tines.  The rotation of the rake increases the density of the load by continuously lifting the waste, mutilating it through the stationary tines, and then dropping it and repeating the cycle until it is small enough to be forced into the main body, where it is compacted, thus reducing the space required to dump it at the landfill site.

Two generations of the Revopak were produced - the early 1971-1973 models used hydraulic motors which drove the compaction rake by means of chains, while the later models used a simpler and more robust drive system which consisted of twin synchronised hydraulic rams to operate the compaction system.  Many variations were made of the basic design, including a multitude of different body lengths and payloads, plus SD developed bin lifters as an optional extra - a precursor to the modern wheeled bin collection systems of today.  One disadvantage of the system was heavier fuel consumption, since the compaction system has to run continuously in order to be effective.

The Revopak was in continuous production until 1990, when SD went out of business, although the French built unit is still manufactured by SEMAT.

Waste collection vehicles

Revopak


Nordhackstedt Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Schleswig-Flensburg iline bağlı bölge. 12,47 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 30 Eylül 2006 itibarıyla yaklaşık 492 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Toni Ingwersen tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 www.amt-schafflund.de

Schleswig-Flensburg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Nordhackstedt


Ammochloa, biljni rod iz porodice trava, smješten u vlastiti podtribus Ammochloinae. Postoje tri priznate vrste jednogodišnjeg raslinja rasprostranjenih od Irana na zapad sve do zapadnog Mediterana.

Rod je opisan 1855.; sve vrste su terofiti.

Vrste
 Ammochloa involucrata Murb.
 Ammochloa palaestina Boiss.
 Ammochloa pungens (Schreb.) Boiss.

Sinonimi
 Cephalochloa Coss. & Durieu, 1854.
 Dictyochloa (Murb.) E.G.Camus, 1900.

Izvori

Loliodinae

Ammochloa


غريغوري ستانتن : مؤسسُ ورئيس مراقبة الإبادة الجماعية عام 1999، و مؤسس و مدير مشروع الإبادة الجماعية الكمبودي عام 1981، ومؤسسُ ورئيس الحملة الدولية لإنهاء الإبادة الجماعية عام 1999. هو نائبُ رئيس الجمعية الدولية لخبراء الإبادة الجماعية (2005 - 2007).

الحياة المبكّرة والخلفية الأكاديمية

يعود نسب غريغوري ستانتن إلى إليزابيث كادي ستانتن ناشطة في حقوق النساء، وهنري بروستر ستانتن الزعيم المعادي للعبودية. اشترك غريغوري بشكل نشيط وفعال في حقوق الإنسان منذ الستّيناتِ:
 حين كَانَ عامل لحقوقِ التصويت في الميسيسيبي، عَملَ كمتطوع في كتائب السلام في ساحل العاج، وكمدير الخدمة العالمية الكنسيةَ في كمبوديا في 1980.
 كَانَ أستاذاً للقانونِ في جامعة واشنطن و لي و الجامعة الأمريكية وجامعة سوازيلاند.
 كان ستانتن أستاذِ جيمس فارمر لحقوقِ الإنسان في جامعة ماري واشنطن في فريدريكسبيرك في فرجينيا.
 عِنْدَهُ الدرجاتُ مِنْ كلية أوبرلين، و مدرسة اللاهوت في هارفارد، وكلية حقوق يايل، و حاصل على الدكتوراه في علم الإنسان الثقافي مِنْ جامعة شيكاغو.
 كَانَ عضو زميل في مركز وودرو ويلسون الدولي للعلماء (2001-2002).

المهنة

خدم الدّكتور ستانتن في وزارة الخارجيةِ بين عامي (1992-1999)، حيث صاغَ قراراتَ مجلس الأمن التابع للامم المتحدةَ التي خَلقتْ محكمة الجزاء الدولية لرواندا، ولجنة تحقيق بوروندي. صاغَ قراراتَ عملياتِ حفظ السلام التابع للأمم المتحدةَ أيضاً التي ساعدتْ على وَضْع حدّ لحرب موزمبيق الأهليةِ.
في 1994، حاز ستانتن على جائزة دبليو أفيريل هاريمان المقدمة من جمعية خدمات الأجانب الأمريكية رفيعة المستوى على (المساهمات الإستثنائية لممارسةِ الدبلوماسيةِ التي تنم عن شجاعةً ثقافيةً) مستندة على معارضتِه للسياسة الأمريكيةِ المتعلقة بالإبادة الجماعية الروانديةِ. كَتبَ ورقةَ خياراتِ وزارة الخارجيةَ لتَقديم (الخمير الحمر) للعدالة في كمبوديا.

منذ تَرْكه لوزارة الخارجيةِ في 1999 لتأسيس مراقبة الإبادة الجماعيةِ، كان ستانتن مشغولاً جداً حتى النخاع في الأُمم المتّحدةِ - مفاوضات حكومية كمبودية التي خَلْقَت محكمةِ لتحاكم (الخمير الحمر). مِنْ 1999 - 2000، عَملَ كمدير مشارك أيضاً في مجموعة واشنطن للعملِ في المحكمة الجنائية الدولية.

قَبْلَ أَنْ ينضمَّ إلى وزارة الخارجيةِ، كان ستانتن مُستشار قانوني ل (روخ) حركة الاستقلالِ الأوكرانية.
عام 2007 أُنتُخب ستانتن رئيسَاً للجمعية الدولية لخبراء الإبادة الجماعية للخِدْمَة حتى 2009. و عَملَ كنائبِ الرئيس الأولِ في الجمعيةِ مِنْ 2005عام إلى عام 2007.

منشورات

 موقع مراقبة الإبادة الجماعية الموقع في تحديث دائم لأخر المستجدات عن الإبادات الجماعية.
 The Eight Stages of Genocide: How Governments Can Tell When Genocide Is Coming and What They Can Do To Stop It (forthcoming, Woodrow Wilson Center Press) كتاب عن كيفية إيقاف الإبادات الجماعية.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

 سيرة ذاتية في مجموعة الإبادة الجماعية الكمبودية (CGG)
 سيرة ذاتية وزارة الخارجية الأرمينية.

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من فريدريكسبيورغ
أمريكيون ناشطون بحقوق الإنسان
تعليم حول إبادة جماعية
خريجو جامعة شيكاغو
خريجو كلية أوبرلين
خريجو كلية ييل للحقوق
خريجو مدرسة هارفارد اللاهوتية
متطوعو فيلق السلام
ناشطون من فرجينيا

غريغوري ستانتن


Nikoloz (Lasha) Janashia (Georgian: ნიკოლოზ (ლაშა) ჯანაშია; November 18, 1931 in Tbilisi – September 7, 1982 in Tbilisi) was a famous Georgian historian and public benefactor, PhD in History (1962), associate professor (1966).

Janashia born in Tbilisi, son of a noted Georgian historian Simon Janashia (1900–1947).

In 1954, Janashia graduated from the faculty of history of the Tbilisi State University.

He began as a research fellow at the Institute of History and Ethnology of the Georgian Academy of Sciences (GAS) in 1957. After he received his PhD in history in 1962, he came a senior research fellow at GAS, and from 1970 to 1982, he served as a deputy director of its Institute of Manuscripts. He was also hired as an associate professor at Tbilisi State University in 1965, a position he maintained until his death.

Janashia also served as a scientific secretary of the Historical Society of Georgia, a member of the Commission of the source studies of the history of Georgia of the Presidium of GAS.

The main fields of Janashia's research were the history of Georgia of the 4th-5th centuries, and Georgian and Armenian sources of the history of Georgia.

Bibliography
 The data of Lazar Pharpetsi about Georgia, Tbilisi, 1963, 120 pp (in Georgian)
 Kartli in the 4th century - Essays on Georgian History, Vol. II, Tbilisi, 1973, pp. 57–77 (in Georgian)
 The Martyrdom of Queen Shushaniki, Part I, Tbilisi, 1980 (in Georgian, English summary)
 Essays on Source Studies, Tbilisi, 1986, 350 pp (in Georgian)

See also
 List of Georgians
 List of historians

External links
 Georgian Academy of Sciences

1931 births
1982 deaths
Film people from Tbilisi
Historians of the Caucasus
Medievalists from Georgia (country)
Academic staff of Tbilisi State University
20th-century historians from Georgia (country)

Nikoloz Janashia


Zach Railey, né le  à St. Petersburg, est un skipper américain.

Carrière
Zach Railey participe aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2008 à Pékin et remporte la médaille d'argent dans la catégorie du Finn.

Notes et références

Skipper américain
Médaillé d'argent olympique américain
Skipper aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2008
Naissance en mai 1984

Zach Railey


بلدية توريمانزانس/لا توري دي لاس ماتشانس , هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة اليكانتي. جنوب شرق إسبانيا. يبلغ عدد سكانها 733 نسمة.

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة لقنت
بلديات لقنت

توريمانزانس/لا توري دي لاس ماتشانس


La  est l'une des sept circonscriptions législatives que compte la préfecture de Hiroshima au Japon. Cette circonscription comptait  électeurs en date du .

Description géographique

La cinquième circonscription de la préfecture de Hiroshima regroupe les villes de Kure et Takehara, le sud-ouest de Mihara, une petite partie d'Etajima, Higashihiroshima et Onomichi ainsi que le district de Toyota.

Députés

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Chambre des représentants du Japon

Circonscription législative au Japon

Cinquième circonscription de la préfecture de Hiroshima


Kattupalli (en tamoul : காட்டுபள்ளி) est une banlieue située au nord de Madras, une ville métropolitaine du Tamil Nadu, en Inde.

Emplacement
Kattupalli est situé entre Ennore, Pazhaverkadu et Minjur au nord de Madras. L'artère principale de Kattupalli est la route d'accès au port (route Ennore - Pazhaverkadu).

Usine de dessalement d'eau de mer
L'usine de dessalement d'eau de mer Minjur à Kattupalli joue un rôle majeur dans l'approvisionnement en eau dans le nord de Madras.

Port de Kattupalli
Le Kattupalli Port cum Shipyard est un complexe privé qui dispose d'un port et d'une unité de construction navale. C'est le troisième plus grand port de Madras après le port de Madras et le port d'Ennore. La proposition d'agrandir le port a rencontré une forte opposition de la part de la population.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Page Web officielle de l'ACDM
 .
 .
 .
 .

Liens internes

Madras

Kattupalli


La prostitution au Timor oriental est légale, mais le racolage et la participation de tiers à des fins lucratifs ou pour faciliter la prostitution sont interdits. La prostitution est devenue un problème lorsque le pays a obtenu son indépendance de l'Indonésie en 2002, surtout dans la capitale, Dili. On estime qu'il y a 1 688 travailleuses du sexe dans le pays.

L'application de la loi est faible, mais il y a des répressions occasionnelles. Les travailleuses du sexe étrangères sont généralement ciblées et sont souvent expulsées. Les lois sur l'ordre public sont également utilisées contre les prostituées.

De nombreuses prostituées locales se sont lancées dans le commerce du sexe en raison de la pauvreté et du manque d'emplois. Les prostituées étrangères, en particulier d'Indonésie, de Chine et des Philippines, entrent dans le pays avec des visas touristiques de 90 jours.

Le trafic sexuel et la prostitution des enfants sont des problèmes dans le pays.

Force de maintien de la paix de l'ONU
Avant son départ en 2012, la division UNPOL de la force de maintien de la paix des Nations unies aide la police, notamment en participant à des raids contre la prostitution. Cependant, malgré une politique de tolérance zéro envers le personnel de l'ONU allant voir des prostituées, le personnel de l'ONU est également un groupe important de clients des prostituées. Ils fréquentaient des bordels, y compris ceux qui exploitant des femmes victimes de la traite. Des véhicules de l'ONU sont utilisés pour récupérer des prostituées de rue.

Il y a également des allégations selon lesquelles un navire affrété par l'ONU serait utilisé pour le trafic d'enfants à des fins de prostitution dans le pays.

Trafic sexuel
Le Timor oriental est un pays d'origine et de destination pour les femmes et les enfants victimes de trafic sexuel. Les femmes, les filles et parfois les jeunes hommes et garçons des zones rurales sont conduits dans la capitale avec la promesse de meilleures perspectives d'emploi ou d'éducation et sont soumis au trafic sexuel. Les femmes étrangères, y compris celles du Cambodge, de Chine, d'Indonésie, des Philippines et du Viêt Nam, sont vulnérables au trafic sexuel au Timor oriental. Les trafiquants internationaux peuvent être membres de syndicats du crime organisé indonésiens ou chinois, et ils semblent faire tourner les victimes étrangères de trafic sexuel à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur du pays pendant la durée d'un visa touristique de 90 jours afin d'éviter d'éveiller des soupçons. La police accepte des pots-de-vin d'établissements impliqués dans la traite ou de trafiquants tentant de traverser illégalement les frontières, et au cours des années précédentes, elle est identifiée comme cliente de sites de commerce du sexe faisant l'objet d'une enquête pour trafic présumé.

Selon les agents de l'immigration, la police et des sources médiatiques, des femmes étrangères prostituées, dont beaucoup sont des victimes potentielles de trafic sexuel, sont parfois arrêtées en masse lors de descentes de police, puis expulsées sans contrôle approprié, ou à la suite de l'incapacité des agents de police à obtenir des informations pertinentes des femmes interpellées. Pour cette raison, les agents de la  affirment qu'ils ne sont pas en mesure d'obtenir des preuves suffisantes pour poursuivre les propriétaires d'un bar karaoké qui auraient pu soumettre 67 femmes étrangères au trafic sexuel au cours de la période considérée. La police souligne que les propriétaires de bars à karaoké confisquent les passeports des travailleurs étrangers et ne les remettent que si la police ordonne l'expulsion des travailleurs en question.

Le bureau de surveillance et de lutte contre la traite des personnes du département d'État des États-Unis classe le Timor oriental parmi les pays de "niveau 2".

Notes et références

Timor oriental
Société est-timoraise

Prostitution au Timor oriental


යොහානි දිලෝකා ද සිල්වා (උපත 30 ජූලි 1993) යනු ප්‍රසිද්ධ ශ්‍රී ලාංකික ගායිකාවක්, සංගීත නිශ්පාදකවරියක් වේ.

මූලාශ්‍ර

යොහානි


Peter Pilz (born 22 January 1954) is an Austrian politician (JETZT). From 1986 to 2017, he was a member of the Austrian Green Party.

Political career
Born in Kapfenberg, Styria, Pilz has been a member of the Austrian Parliament (Nationalrat) between 1986 and 1991 and since 1999. From 1992 to 1994 he also was federal spokesperson of the Greens. His main area of interest is legal matters and political corruption. Commonly known wearing a black jacket and a red, grey or green T-shirt, he was the first Austrian politician to keep a blog on the Internet.

In January 2005, Pilz made international news when he called for Arnold Schwarzenegger to be stripped of his Austrian citizenship.  As Governor of California, Schwarzenegger had refused to intercede in the execution of a convicted murderer, Donald Beardslee. Pilz pointed to an Austrian law which prohibits any Austrian from taking part in, or ordering, an execution.

A few months later, Pilz claimed that a person whom he called "Zeuge D" (German: "witness D") has information that Iranian president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad had participated in the murder of 3 Kurds in Vienna in 1989. According to him the Austrian police had already contacted the witness, who supposedly lived in France, but this was denied by the Austrian Ministry of Justice.

On 25 July 2017, with the disappointment of Green leadership and lack of responses in refugee and migrant crisis, he announced his independent campaign for the elections to the Austrian parliament in the autumn. He headed the Peter Pilz List, a group of intellectuals, artists and entrepreneurs, critical toward the establishment. His new party cleared the 4 percent threshold for entering parliament in the election and handed a major defeat to the Greens, whose support fell to 3.9 percent from more than 12 percent in 2013.

On 4 November 2017, after sexual harassment allegations came to light, Pilz announced that he would not take his seat in the National Council, and the seat was assumed by Martha Bissmann. On 22 May 2018, Pilz and his party announced that he would return to parliament before summer, as the trial against him had ended.

Other activities
 SK Rapid Wien, member of the board of trustees

References

External links

Pilz's political diary

1954 births
Living people
Austrian male bloggers
The Greens – The Green Alternative politicians
Critics of Islamism
People from Kapfenberg
Sex scandals in Austria

Peter Pilz


Olaylar
 Yunan bilgin Eratosthenes (MÖ 276 – MÖ 194) dünyanın çevresini ölçmenin bir yolunu bularak ilk yaklaşık değeri verdi.
 Paralı Askerler Savaşı başladı.
 Ankyra Muharebesi gerçekleşti.

Doğumlar

Ölümler

MÖ 240


El Aeródromo de Rozhdestveno (ruso: Аэродром Рождествено; código IATA , ICAO: ) es un aeródromo militar situado a unos 6 km al noroeste de Samara, en el óblast de Samara, Rusia. Está junto a la población de Rozhdestveno, de la que toma el nombre.

Pista

El aeródromo de Rozhdestveno dispone de una pista de tierra en dirección 04/22 de 1.200x70 m. (3.936x229 pies). Alrededor de la pista existen grandes extensiones de terreno plano que facilitan la práctica de la aviación ligera y el paracaidismo.

Historia

El aeródromo depende del Club Central Deportivo (TsSk Fuerzas Aéreas). Una parte de las aeronaves de Kryazh se encuentra estacionada aquí.

En el aeródromo realiza las prácticas de aviación ligera y paracaidismo el personal de Kryazh, situado unos 15 km al sur.

Véase también
Aeropuerto Internacional de Samara-Kurúmoch
Aeropuerto de Samara-Smyshlyayevka
Aeródromo de Samara-Bezymyanka
Aeródromo de Samara-Kryazh

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página del Club TsSk Fuerzas Aéreas (en ruso). Consultado el 18 de septiembre de 2011
 Mapa de ubicación de los aeropuertos Samara en "Our Airports" (en inglés) Consultado el 28 de marzo de 2012

Rozhdestveno
Rozhdestveno
Bases militares de la Unión Soviética

Aeródromo de Rozhdéstveno


Englands U/18-fodboldlandshold er Englands landshold for fodboldspillere, som er under 18 år og administreres af The Football Association] (FA).

U/18-fodboldlandshold
U/18-fodboldlandshold i Europa

Englands U/18-fodboldlandshold


Sir David Mark Rylance Waters  (n. 18 ianuarie 1960) este un actor englez de teatru și de film, care a primit Premiul Oscar pentru cel mai bun actor în rol secundar și Premiul BAFTA pentru rolul lui Rudolf Abel din filmul Podul spionilor. A jucat rolul titular din Marele Uriaș Prietenos din 2016.

Biografie

Filmografie selectivă
 2001 Intimitate (Intimacy), regia Patrice Chéreau
 2015 Podul spionilor (Bridge of Spies), regia Steven Spielberg
 2021 Nu priviți în sus (Don't Look Up), regia Adam McKay

Note

Legături externe
 Site oficial

Nașteri în 1960
Nașteri pe 18 ianuarie
Actori englezi
Câștigători ai premiului Oscar pentru cel mai bun actor într-un rol secundar
Câștigători ai premiilor BAFTA
Câștigători ai premiilor Tony

Mark Rylance


Das Haus Ludwigshöher Straße 12 in München ist eine Villa im Landhausstil. Das Gebäude ist als Baudenkmal in die Bayerische Denkmalliste eingetragen.

Lage
Das Haus liegt im Münchner Stadtteil Thalkirchen in einem Winkel zwischen der Ludwigshöher Straße und der Wolfratshauser Straße auf einem Grundstück, das an beide Straßen anschließt. Nördlich dieses Grundstücks schließen sich bis zur Straßenecke zwei weitere bebaute Grundstücke an, südlich folgt freies Feld bis zum Gelände des Krankenhauses Martha Maria.

Geschichte
Das Gebäude wurde um 1899–1900 von Martin Dülfer als Villa Hugo Schmidt im anglisierenden Landhausstil errichtet, an dessen Einführung in München Dülfer maßgeblich beteiligt war.

Beschreibung
Das Haus ist ein zweigeschossiges Gebäude über einem leicht unregelmäßigen, im Wesentlichen aber T-förmigen Grundriss. Im Süden hat er einen Verandavorbau. Das Obergeschoss zeigt normannisches Ständerfachwerk.

Im Inneren befindet sich im Nordwesten eine große Halle mit Treppe, die Wohnräume sind nach Süden und Osten ausgerichtet.

Literatur

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Villa in München
Baudenkmal in Thalkirchen
Bauwerk in Thalkirchen

Ludwigshöher Straße 12