Slaget ved Verrières-højderyggen var en del af slaget om Normandiet i Calvados under 2. verdenskrig. Hovedkæmperne var to canadiske infanteridivisioner med støtte fra den canadiske 2nd Armored Brigade. Og elementer af tre tyske SS Panzer divisioner. Kampen var en del af de britiske og canadiske forsøg på at bryde ud af Caen fra den 19. til den 25. juli 1944, som var en del af både Operation Atlantic (18-21 juli) og Operation Spring (25.-27. juli).

Det umiddelbare allierede mål var Verrières-højderyggen fra Caen til Falaise. Højderyggen blev besat af kamphærdede tyske veteraner, som var faldet tilbage fra Caen og havde gravet sig ned for at danne en stærk forsvarsposition. I løbet af seks dage gjorde betydelige canadiske og britiske styrker gentagne forsøg på at indtage højderyggen. Stærk tysk overholdelse af en defensiv doktrin og stærke og effektive modangreb fra Panzerformationer resulterede i svære allierede tab for ringe strategisk gevinst.

Fra den canadiske 1. Armé huskes kampen for taktiske og strategiske fejlberegninger – det mest bemærkelsesværdige er et meget kontroversielt angreb fra The Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment) of Canada den 25. juli, hvor 315 af 325 soldater blev dræbt, såret eller fanget. Angrebet, som var den mest kostbare dag for en canadisk bataljon siden Slaget ved Dieppe i 1942, er en af de mest omstridte og kritisk analyserede begivenheder i canadisk militærhistorie.

Selv om målet ikke var nået, var et vigtigt strategisk resultat af slaget ved Verrières-højderyggen at hjælpe den overvældende succesfulde Operation Cobra ved at binde kraftige tyske Panzerformationer, der ellers kunne have angrebet Cobra.

Baggrund
Verrières-højderyggen ligger 8 km syd for byen Caen med udsigt over brede sletter og dominerer landskabet mellem Caen og Falaise. Selv om det var et stort mål for Commonwealth-styrkerne på D-dag, blev den allieredes angreb stoppet kort efter Caen, og positionel krigsførelse fulgte indtil den første uge i juli.

Som en del af Operation Charnwood lykkedes det at tage den nordlige halvdel af byen den 9. juli, men 1. SS-Panzerkorps opretholdt defensive positioner i resten af Caen.

En uge senere fornyede Operation Goodwood det britiske offensiv, og Caen faldt endelig den 19. juli, selvom byen stort set var ødelagt. Det næste engelsk-canadiske mål var byen Falaise, men Verrières-højderyggen – nu stærkt forsvaret af 1. SS Panzerkorps – stod i deres vej. Elementer fra den britiske 2. armé indtog og fik sikret en del af den tilstødende Bourguébus-højderyg. De formåede at få fodfæste på Verrières-højderyggen, men kunne ikke fordrive dens tyske forsvarere.

Styrker involveret

Den Canadiske II Korps – kommanderet af generalløjtnant Guy Simonds blev oprindeligt tildelt to infanteridivisioner og en pansret brigade til angrebet på de tyske stillinger omkring Verrières. Den canadiske 3. Infanteridivision, der led store tab i løbet af de første seks uger af Normandi-kampagnen, fik en støttende rolle.

Opgaven faldt derfor på den friske, men relativt uerfarne canadiske 2. Infanteridivision sammen med tanks fra den canadiske 2nd Armored Brigade. Yderligere styrker blev senere stillet til rådighed i form af tre divisioner fra den britiske I Corps: Den 51. division (Highland), Guards Armored Division og den britiske 7th Armored Division. På trods af, at de havde betydeligt mere kampoplevelse end deres canadiske modparter, spillede de britiske enheder en mindre rolle i kampen.

Mens britiske styrker havde kæmpet for at få Caen, havde nogle i Dietrichs SS Panzerkorps en del af Generalfeldmarschall Günther von Kluges hærgruppe B – gjort Verrières-højderyggen som deres vigtigste defensive position ved den engelsk-canadiske front.

Selv om den ikke var særlig høj, betød højderyggens topografi, at fremadgående styrker ville blive udsat for geværild fra tyske stillinger over floden Orne, fra højderyggen og fra den nærliggende tyske industrilandsby St. Martin.

To kraftige formationer (den 1. og 12. SS Panzerdivision) holdt højderyggen. De blev støttet af artilleri, nedgravede Tiger-tanks og mortérkanonstillinger. En tredje – den 9. SS-Panzerdivision – blev holdt i reserve.

Yderligere støtte var tilgængelig fra 272nd Grenadier Infantry Division (sammensat hovedsagelig af russiske og polske mænd, dannet i 1943), 116. Panzerdivision og en bataljon af tiger-tanks.

Slaget

Angreb af Calgary Highlanders
I en opfølgning af Operation Goodwood den 19. juli forsøgte Calgary Highlanders at tage det nordlige sidespor af Verrières-højderyggen, men tyske mortérer begrænsede deres fremskridt. Tanks fra Sherbrooke Fusiliers-regimentet blev sendt til støtte for bataljonen og eliminerede flere maskinpistolpositioner på hver side af Point 67. Det lykkedes Calgary Highlanders ende at grave i.

I de næste timer styrkede de deres position, og Canadas 5. og 6. infanteribrigade gjorde gentagne forsøg på at udnytte gevinsterne.

Mod et fast tysk forsvar og mindre infanteri- og tank-modangreb blev canadierne bredt slået tilbage, og de led store tab. Simonds forberedte hurtigt en ny offensiv for den følgende dag, med målsætningerne om at fange både den østlige side af Orne-floden og de vigtigste skråninger af Verrières-højderyggen.

Operation Atlantic

Det næste angreb fandt sted den 20. juli som en del af Operation Atlantic. Det blev ledet af South Saskatchewan Regimentet med støtte enheder fra Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada. I de tidlige timer den 20. juli sikrede Camerons en position i byen St André-sur-Orne, men blev hurtigt beskudt af tysk infanteri og tanks.

Samtidig flyttede South Saskatchewan Regiment direkte op ad Verrières-højderyggen støttet af tanks og Hawker Typhoon-fly. Det canadiske angreb faldt i kraftig regn. Det gjorde luftstøtten ubrugelig og gjorde jorden til mudder. Kontraangreb af to Panzerdivisioner smed de South Saskatchewans-regimentet tilbage forbi deres støttelinjer og deres støttende bataljon, Essex Scottish, kom under angreb.

Essex Scottish-bataljonen mistede over 300 mænd, da de forsøgte at holde tilbage på forskuddet fra den 12. SS Panzer Division, mens resterne af I SS Panzer Corps i øst angreb britiske styrker i Operation Goodwood, det største panserslag under kampagnen. I slutningen af dagen havde South Saskatchewans-regimentet mistet 282 mænd, og højderyggen var stadig i fjendens hænder.

På trods af disse tilbageslag var Simonds overbevist om, at Verrières-højderyggen blev erobret. Han sendte derfor Black Watch-regimentet og Calgary Highlanders for at stabilisere den usikre allierede stilling. Med mindre modangreb fra begge bataljoner den 21. juli lykkedes at engagere Dietrichs panserformationer, og da det var afbrudt, havde de canadiske styrker bedre fodfæste på højderyggen, herunder en nu sikker position på Point 67. Fire tyske divisioner holdt stadig højderyggen. I alt blev aktionerne omkring Verrières-højderyggen under Operation Atlantic skyld i over 1.300 allierede dødsfald.

Operation Spring

Med erobringen af Caen den 19. juli var et engelsk-canadisk udbrud blevet strategisk gennemførlig.

I den amerikanske sektor havde generalløjtnant Omar Bradley, kommandør for den 1. Amerikanske Armé, planlagt sit eget udbrud (kodenavn Operation Cobra), og Simonds begyndte også at forberede en ny offensiv med kodenavnet Operation Spring. Operation Spring blev oprindeligt udtænkt af feltmarskal Bernard Montgomery som en "holdeangreb" til at binde tyske styrker, mens Operation Cobra var på vej.

Den 22. juli ændrede Simonds Operation Spring til en udbrudsoffensiv, da Operation Atlantic ikke havde nået sine mål. Med Verrières-højderyggen taget kunne Simonds starte rustning og artilleriangreb fra den sydlige flanke for at skubbe tyskerne længere tilbage. Dette ville rydde Caen-Falaise-vejen, og hans to britiske pansrede divisioner kunne derefter gå sydpå til Falaise.

Henvisninger

Noter

Referencer

Kilder
Dokumentarer

Bøger

Tidsskriftartikler

Websites

Operation Overlord
Begivenheder i 1944
2. verdenskrig
Pages with unreviewed translations

Slaget ved Verrières-højderyggen


The Mad Magician este un film de groază american din 1954, regizat de John Brahm.

Distribuție

|- align=left
|align=left|Vincent Price||Don Gallico / Gallico the Great
|- align=left
|align=left|Mary Murphy||Karen Lee
|- align=left
|align=left|Eva Gabor||Claire Ormond
|- align=left
|align=left|John Emery||The Great Rinaldi
|- align=left
|align=left|Donald Randolph||Ross Ormond
|- align=left
|align=left|Lenita Lane||Alice Prentiss
|- align=left
|align=left|Patrick O'Neal||Police Detective Lt. Alan Bruce
|- align=left
|align=left|Jay Novello||Frank Prentiss
|- align=left
|align=left|Corey Allen||Gus the Stagehand (uncredited)
|- align=left
|}

Note

Legături externe

Filme americane
Filme în limba engleză
Filme din 1954
Filme de groază din anii 1950
Filme Columbia Pictures
Filme 3D

The Mad Magician


Constantin "Tino" Rossi (29 April 1907 – 26 September 1983) was a French singer and film actor of Corsican origin.

Born in Ajaccio, Corsica, Rossi was gifted with a voice well suited for opera. He became a tenor in the French cabaret style. Later, he appeared in various movies. During his career it is reported he recorded over 2000 songs  and he appeared in more than 25 films, the most notable of which was the 1954 production, Si Versailles m'était conté... directed by Sacha Guitry. His romantic ballads had especially women swooning and his art songs by Jules Massenet (1842–1912), Reynaldo Hahn (1875–1947), and other composers, sold out theaters wherever he performed.

Among his most famous hits, Petit Papa Noel sold over 30 million copies worldwide.  Over the course of his 50-year singing career, Tino Rossi recorded over 2000 songs and sold over 200 million albums making him one of the best selling (and mostly forgotten) artists of all time

Biography

As a young man, Rossi played guitar and sang in many places of his hometown of Ajaccio, but later he went to perform in Marseille and at resort clubs along the French Riviera. In the early 1930s he went to Paris and within a few years achieved enormous success, joining a Columbia Records roster that included the biggest stars of that time such as Lucienne Boyer, Damia, Pills et Tabet, Mireille, and Jean Sablon.

Rossi's success was greatly aided by songwriter Vincent Scotto (1876–1952), who wrote his first hits and collaborated with him for many years, composing and arranging many of Rossi's songs. Prior to World War II, Rossi was a major box office attraction in the French-speaking world, and expanded his audience in 1938 to the U.S. and Canada during a first visit there. Rossi began his film career with a role in Les Nuits Moscovites (1934); his first real success came with Marinella (1936).

During the Occupation of France by Nazi Germany Rossi's film career reached its peak, notably with Fièvres (1942), Le Soleil a toujours raison (1943), Mon amour est près de toi (1943) and L'Île d'amour (1944). Like many celebrities, Tino Rossi was arrested on 7 October 1944 by several police officers in search of information on his close Corsican friend, Etienne Leandri, suspected of active collaborationism. Following three months' detention in the prison of Fresnes, near Paris, during which he stubbornly refused the assistance of a lawyer, he was freed from further detention by a judge, who deemed the charge leveled against him void of substance. Tino Rossi who, in October 1943, had loaned his personal car to a resistance network to transport weapons and enable several escapes (including that of a general), accepted—an extremely rare action at the time—exceptional official apologies.

In 1946 he recorded his song Petit Papa Noël for a movie. The song remained classic for the family and sold several million copies after being released on CD in 1992.

He is the recipient of the prestigious musical award Grand Prix du Disque.

Personal life
In 1948, Tino Rossi married Lilia Vetti, a young dancer he had met in 1941 thanks to revue leader Mistinguett. They had one son, Laurent (1948–2015), and remained married until Tino's death in 1983. In 1982, President François Mitterrand named Rossi a Commander of the Legion of Honour for his contributions to French culture. That same year, Rossi gave his last public performance at the Casino de Paris, a show that popular demand turned into a three-month stint.

Death
Rossi died of pancreatic cancer in 1983 in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. His body was transported to Ajaccio for burial in the family grave. His wife died in 2003 aged 79.

Ajaccio named a street and the sailing harbor in his honor and in Nogent-sur-Marne, there is a square named Tino Rossi Square. A garden on the banks of the Seine in Paris - the Jardin Tino Rossi - was also named in his honour.

Tino Rossi's unique status on Corsica is reflected in several (somewhat hidden) references to him in the comic book "Asterix in Corsica" (1973) by Uderzo and Goscinny.

Filmography

References

External links
"Raquel Bitton - de Piaf a Tino Rossi, frenchmorning.com; accessed 26 August 2015.
 Rossi profile, fundacionjoseguillermocarrillo.com; accessed 26 August 2015.

 Tino Rossi biography, dutempsdescerisesauxfeuillesmortes.net; accessed 26 August 2015.
 Amazon.com profile; accessed 26 August 2015.

1907 births
1983 deaths
Musicians from Ajaccio
French male film actors
Deaths from pancreatic cancer
Deaths from cancer in France
20th-century French male actors
Pathé-Marconi artists
20th-century French male singers

Tino Rossi


Brigada 2 Infanterie a fost o mare unitate de infanterie, de nivel tactic, din Armata României, care a participat la acțiunile militare postbelice, din perioada 1918-1920, fiind formată din Regimentul 1 Infanterie și Regimentul 31 Infanterie. Brigada a făcut parte din compunerea de luptă a Diviziei 1 Infanterie, comandată de colonelul Victor Tomoroveanu.,

Compunerea de luptă
În perioada campaniei din 1919, brigada a avut următoarea compunere de luptă

Brigada 2 Infanterie

Regimentul 1 Infanterie – comandant: colonel "Alexandru D. Sturdza"
Divizionul 1 - comandant:  colonel Alexandru D. Sturdza
Regimentul 31 Infanterie
Divizionul 1 – commandant: colonel "Ilie Ionescu"

Participarea la operații

Campania anului 1919

În cadrul acțiunilor militare postbelice,  Brigada 2 Infanterie a participat la acțiunile militare în dispozitivul de luptă al Diviziei 1 Infanterie, participând la Operația ofensivă la vest de Tisa.

Comandanți
 Colonel Victor Tomoroveanu

Note

Bibliografie
 Drăgănescu Constantin, Campaniile din 1848/1849 și 1919 în Transilvania și Ungaria, Tipografia "Isvorul", București, 1930
 Kirițescu, Constantin, Istoria războiului pentru întregirea României, Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1989
 Mărdărescu Gheorghe, Campania pentru desrobirea Ardealului și ocuparea Budapestei (1918-1920), Editura Cartea Românească, București, 1921
 Preda Dumitru; Alexandrescu Vasile; Prodan Costică, În apărarea României Mari. Campania armatei române din 1918-1919, Editura Enciclopedică, București, 1994

Vezi și
Ordinea de bătaie a Armatei României în Transilvania, iulie 1919

Unități militare române participante la operațiile militare postbelice (1918-1920)

Brigada 2 Infanterie (1918-1920)


Afega est un village situé sur l'île d'Upolu aux Samoa.

Géographie
Il est situé sur la côte nord de l'île, à l'ouest de la capitale Apia. La population est de 1998 habitants. Afega fait partie de la circonscription électorale Sagaga Le Usoga qui fait partie de la plus grande circonscription Tuamasaga.

Personnalités liés au village
 Alafoti Fa'osiliva, joueur de rugby pour les Samoa Sevens et Manu Samoa.
 Ulia Ulia, joueur de rugby de l'équipe nationale Manu Samoa.
 Tumua Manu, joueur de rugby.

Notes et références

Ville aux Samoa

Afega


Das Evangelisch-Lutherische Dekanat Münchberg ist eines der 16 Dekanate des Kirchenkreises Bayreuth. Der evangelische Theologe Wolfgang Oertel ist seit Januar 2020 Dekan in Münchberg. Er ist der Nachfolger des Theologen Erwin Lechner.

Geografie
Der Dekanatsbezirk umfasst Gemeinden des ehemaligen Landkreises Münchberg. Seit der Gebietsreform in Bayern gehören die Kirchengemeinden zu den Landkreisen Hof und Bayreuth.

Geschichte
Die meisten Gemeinden lagen vor dem Übergang zum Königreich Bayern im Markgraftum Brandenburg-Bayreuth.
Die Reformation wurde 1528 durch Georg den Frommen eingeführt.
Die Gemeinde Mannsflur gehörte zum Hochstift Bamberg und ist heute eine evangelische Diasporagemeinde.

Kirchengemeinden
Zum Dekanatsbezirk Münchberg gehören folgende 11 Kirchengemeinden:
 Ahornberg, St. Martin
 Ahornis, Gustav-Adolf-Kirche
 Hallerstein, Dorfkirche
 Helmbrechts, St. Johannis
 Münchberg, Stadtkirche St. Peter und Paul, Gottesackerkirche Zur Himmelspforten, Kapelle Zum heiligen Kreuz
 Kirchengemeinde Schwarzenbach an der Saale
 Schwarzenbach an der Saale, St. Gumbertus
 Förbau, ev. Kirche
 Martinlamitz, St. Martin
 Sparneck, St. Vitus
 Kirchengemeinde Stammbach
 Stammbach, Marienkirche, Friedhofskirche
 Mannsflur, ev. Kirche
 Weißdorf, St. Maria
 Wüstenselbitz, Dr.-Martin-Luther-Kirche
 Zell, St. Gallus

Literatur

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website

Einzelnachweise

Munchberg
Evangelisch
Munchberg
Christentum im Landkreis Hof
Wikipedia:Gründungsdatum ungeklärt
Organisation (Landkreis Hof)

Evangelisch-Lutherisches Dekanat Münchberg


Banco Ambrosiano, 1982'de 700 milyon ile 1.5 milyar dolar arasında borçla batan İtalyan bankasıdır.

Paranın çoğunluğunun Vatikan bankası, Istituto per le Opere Religiose (Dinsel İşler Kurumu - IOR) aracılığıyla hortumlandığı ortaya çıktı.

Bankanın başkanı Roberto Calvi, İtalya'dan kaçtıktan sonra, Londra'da bir köprünün altında asılı bulundu.

Ambrosiano
İtalya'daki siyasi skandallar
1982'de kurulan bankalar

Banco Ambrosiano


Buckner may refer to:

People
 Buckner H. Payne (1799-1889), American clergyman, publisher, and racist pamphleteer
Buckner Thruston (1763–1845), U.S. Senator and judge from Kentucky
 Buckner (surname)

Music
 Buckner & Garcia was an American musical duo consisting of Jerry Buckner and Gary Garcia

Places
Japan
 Buckner Bay, a former name for Nakagusuku Bay on Okinawa
 Fort Buckner, a U.S. Army base on Okinawa

United States
 Buckner, Arkansas
 Buckner, Kentucky
 Buckner, Illinois
 Buckner, Missouri
 Buckner, Texas
 Buckner Mountain in Washington

See also
Bruckner (disambiguation)

Buckner


Das Environmental Film Festival Network (EFFN, dt.: "Netzwerk des Umwelt-Filmfestivals") ist ein Zusammenschluss von Filmfestivals aus aller Welt, die sich dem Umweltfilm widmen.

Geschichte
Das EFFN wurde 2008 in Barcelona neu gegründet, aufbauend auf seinem Vorläufer, dem bereits 2002 dort gegründeten EEFFN (European Environmental Film Festival Network), das seinen Sitz jedoch in Turin hatte.

Festivals
Zu seinen angeschlossenen Festivals, den "EFFN Friends", gehören folgende Festivals:

  Santa Rosa International Film Festival, a Wine Country Film Festival (Santa Rosa (Kalifornien), USA, gegründet 1987)
 FICMA – Festival Internacional de Cinema del Medi Ambient (auch International Environmental Film Festival, Barcelona, Katalonien, gegründet 1994)
 CineEco – Festival Internacional de Cinema e Vídeo de Ambiente da Serra da Estrela (Seia, Portugal, gegründet 1995)
 The Environmental Film Festival in the Nation's Capital (Washington, D.C., USA, gegründet 1993)
 Festival Internacional de Cine Ecológico y de la Natureza de Canarias (Puerto de la Cruz, Spanien, gegründet 1996)
 CinemAmbiente – Environmental Film Festival (Turin, Italien, gegründet 1998)
 FICA – Festival Internacional de Cinema e Vídeo Ambiental (Goiás, Brasilien, gegründet 1999)
 Kathmandu International Mountain Film Festival (KIMFF) (Kathmandu, Nepal, gegründet 2000)
 DOKUFEST – International Documentary and Shortfilm Festival (Prizren, Kosovo, gegründet 2002)
 SYRCL's Wild & Scenic Film Festival (Nevada City, USA, gegründet 2002)
 Reel Earth Environmental Film Festival (Palmerston North, Neuseeland, gegründet 2004)
 Ocean Film Festival (San Francisco, USA, gegründet 2004)
 EcoVision (Palermo, Italien, gegründet 2005)
 Ecocinema  (Jerusalem, Israel, gegründet 2006)
 EcoFocus Film Festival (Athens (Georgia), USA, gegründet 2007)
 Iberminuto (Madrid, Spanien, gegründet 2007)
 Festival Internacional de Cine Cancún Riviera Maya (Cancún, Mexiko, gegründet 2009)
 Sembrando Cine (Lima, Peru, gegründet 2009)
 Cinema Planeta – El Festival Internacional de Cine y Medio Ambiente (Mexiko-Stadt, Mexiko, gegründet 2009)
 Environmental Film Festival of Accra (Accra, Ghana, gegründet 2010)
 FRICINE – Festival Internacional de Cinema Socioambiental de Nova Friburgo (Nova Friburgo, Brasilien, gegründet 2011)
 Green Nation Fest (Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien, gegründet 2012)

Weblinks
 Offizielle Website

Internationale Organisation
Filmfestival
Filmorganisation
Liste (Umwelt- und Naturschutz)
Organisation (Barcelona)
Gegründet 2002
Organisation (Turin)
Veranstaltung (Umwelt- und Naturschutz)

Environmental Film Festival Network


Cerro de Pastoreo ist eine Ortschaft in Uruguay.

Geographie
Cerro de Pastoreo befindet sich im nördlichen Landesteil Uruguays auf dem Gebiet des Departamento Tacuarembó in dessen Sektor 6. Der Ort liegt einige Kilometer westnordwestlich der Departamento-Hauptstadt Tacuarembó und nordwestlich von La Pedrera zwischen der Cuchilla de la Casa de Piedra im Norden und der südlich sich erstreckenden Cuchilla de la Aldea. Westlich des Ortes fließt der Arroyo Quiebra Yugos.

Infrastruktur
Nördlich des Ortes führt die Ruta 31 vorbei.

Einwohner
Beim Census 2011 betrug die Einwohnerzahl von Cerro de Pastoreo 24, davon zwölf männliche und zwölf weibliche. Für die vorhergehenden Volkszählungen von 1963 bis 1996 sind beim Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay keine Daten erfasst worden.

Quelle: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

Weblinks
 Stadtplan von Cerro de Pastoreo (PDF; 74 kB)

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Departamento Tacuarembó

Cerro de Pastoreo


Peter Tiara (auch: Petrejus Tiara, Pieter Tjeerts; * 15. Juli 1514 in Workum; † 8. Februar 1586 in Franeker) war ein niederländischer Philologe und Arzt.

Leben
Aus einem bedeutenden friesischen Geschlecht abstammend, hatte Tiara seine Ausbildung in seiner Geburtsstadt und in Haarlem absolviert, wo er eine hohe Auffassungsgabe zeigte. Nach einem Studium der medizinischen Wissenschaften an der Universität Löwen durchreiste er Deutschland, Frankreich und Italien. In letztem Land erwarb er sich den Doktorgrad der Medizin. Danach wurde er Arzt in Franeker und wirkte er als Dozent der griechischen Sprache in Löwen, wo 1553 Suffridus Petri (1527–1597) zu seinen Schülern zählte. 1555 zog er als Stadtarzt nach Delft und verheiratete sich um jene Zeit mit einer Frau aus Friesland. Um 1559/60 ging als Professor der griechischen und lateinischen Sprache an die Universität Douai.

Da seine Frau aber die französische Sprache nicht verstand, wechselte er 1565 auf ihr Drängen nach Franeker, wo er wieder als Stadtarzt arbeitete und verschiedene Male zum Bürgermeister gewählt wurde. Mit der Gründung der Universität Leiden wurde er am 17. Juli 1575 als Professor der griechischen Sprache dorthin berufen. Er war im Gründungsjahr 1575 und in den Jahren 1577 bis 1579 Rektor der Universität. Mit der Gründung der Universität Franeker wechselte er im März 1585 dorthin. Er starb im folgenden Jahr. Vornehmlich ist er als Übersetzer griechischer Schriftsteller in die lateinische Sprache in Erscheinung getreten.

Tiara war zwei Mal verheiratet. Seine erste Frau war Pietrick Anskes, eine Holzhändlertochter († vor 1554). Seine zweite Frau war Aef Barents († 23. September 1597), welche nach seinem Tod Dr. Jacob Meintes heiratete. Er hatte drei Kinder.

Schriften
 Platonis Sophistes. Löwen 1533.
 Euripidis Medea. Utrecht 1543.
 Pythagorae, Theognidis et Phocylidis Gnomae; cum vers. editore Joh. Arcerio. Franeker 1589.
 Poemata de nobilitate et disciplia militari vetera Frisiorum. Franeker 1597.

Literatur
 Abraham Jacob van der Aa: Biographisch Woordenboek der Nederlanden. Band 18, Verlag J. J. van Brederode, Haarlem 1874,  S. 121 (historici.nl, niederländisch).

 Melchior Adam: Vitae Germanorum philosophorum, qui seculo superiori, et quod excurrit, philosophicis ac humanioribus literis clari floruerunt. Frankfurt/Main 1615 (uni-mannheim.de mit Kupferstich)
 W. B. S. Boeles: Frieslands hoogeschool en het Rijks Athenaeum te Franeker. 2. Band 2. Heft, A. Meijer, Leeuwarden 1889, S. 44 f. u. S. 839.

Weblinks

 Tiara im Professorenkatalog der Universität Leiden

Altphilologe (16. Jahrhundert)
Mediziner (16. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Franeker)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Leiden)
Rektor (Universität Leiden)
Niederländer
Geboren 1514
Gestorben 1586
Mann

Peter Tiara


John Richard Riordan OC (* 2. September 1943 in St. Stephen, New Brunswick) ist ein kanadischer Biochemiker, der über Mukoviszidose (Zystische Fibrose) forscht.

Leben

Riordan erwarb 1966 seinen Bachelor-Abschluss an der University of Toronto, an der er 1970 in Biochemie promoviert wurde. 1970 bis 1973 war er am Max-Planck-Institut für Biophysik in Frankfurt am Main. Ab 1974 war er Professor an der Universität Toronto. Er ist Professor an der University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill und war Gastwissenschaftler an der Salhgrenska Akademie (deren Ehrendoktor er ist) und Universität Göteborg.

Riordan entdeckte mit Kollegen 1989 das Gen des Proteins CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator), das bei zystischer Fibrose defekt ist.  Er erforschte in den folgenden Jahren auch dessen Funktion als Chloridkanal und seine Rolle bei der Regulation anderer Ionenkanäle.

1992 erhielt er den Gairdner Foundation International Award.

Weblinks
 Riordan in Göteborg (englisch)

Einzelnachweise

Biochemiker
Hochschullehrer (University of Toronto)
Hochschullehrer (Chapel Hill, North Carolina)
Officer of the Order of Canada
Träger des Canada Gairdner International Award
Kanadier
Geboren 1943
Mann

John R. Riordan


Nina Waidacher (* 23. August 1992 in Chur) ist eine ehemalige Schweizer Eishockeyspielerin aus Arosa, die hauptsächlich bei den ZSC Lions Frauen in der Schweizer Liga und für das College of St. Scholastica (CSS) in den Vereinigten Staaten spielte.

Leben und Karriere
Nina Waidacher ist das zweitälteste von acht Kindern einer mit dem Eishockey eng verbundenen Familie. Schon ihr Grossvater Ludwig Waidacher senior spielte in den 1940er- und 1950er-Jahren als Verteidiger für den EHC Arosa, mit dem er fünfmal in Folge Schweizermeister wurde. Auch Vater Ludwig Waidacher junior errang mit dem EHC Arosa 1980 einen Meistertitel, bevor er auf die Saison 1981/82 studienhalber zum Zürcher SC wechselte.

Wie ihre sieben Geschwister spielte Nina Waidacher nicht nur Eishockey, sie ist auch eine talentierte Skifahrerin. So fuhr sie zuerst Skirennen, bevor sie wie ihre ältere Schwester Monika den Wunsch äusserte, auf die Sportart Eishockey zu setzen. Da der EHC Arosa über keine Damenmannschaft verfügte, spielte sie bei ihren männlichen Schulkollegen mit. Weil sie in diesem Umfeld rasch Fortschritte erzielte, wurde sie schon bald in den Schweizer Nachwuchs-Nationalkader berufen. 2008 spielte sie mit Schwester Monika an der U-18-WM in Calgary.

Nach der obligatorischen Schulzeit absolvierte Waidacher eine kaufmännische Lehre in Arosa und besuchte die Wirtschaftsschule KV in Chur. Um sportlich weiter Fortschritte zu erzielen, spielte sie in der Folge für die ZSC Lions Frauen, mit der sie 2010/11 erstmals den Schweizer Meistertitel gewann. Ab 2011 war sie Mitglied der Schweizer Nationalmannschaft der Frauen. Von 2011 bis 2015 spielte Nina Waidacher für das Team College of St. Scholastica (CSS) in Duluth, wo sie 2012 zusammen mit Schwester Monika ins All-Star-Team der Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (NCHA) berufen wurde. Im selben Jahr wählte sie die American Hockey Coaches Association (AHCA) aufgrund ihrer aussergewöhnlichen Skorerqualitäten in die Auswahl der besten zwei West Region CCM Women's Hockey All-American Teams. In den Jahren 2011, 2012, 2015 und 2016 vertrat sie die Schweiz bei der Eishockey-Weltmeisterschaft der Frauen, wo sie 2012 den dritten Platz erreichte. 2014 errang Nina Waidacher an den Olympischen Winterspielen in Sotschi die Bronzemedaille.

Mitte Juni 2021 trat Nina Waidacher gemeinsam mit ihren Schwestern Monika und Isabel vom aktiven Eishockeysport zurück. Nina Waidacher spielte während acht Saisons für die ZSC Lions und erreichte dabei vier nationale Meistertitel. Zusammen standen die drei Waidacher-Schwestern in 547 Meisterschaftsspielen für die Zürcherinnen auf dem Eis und erzielten dabei 327 Tore und 425 Assists.

Varia
In der U-18 Nationalmannschaft hatte Nina Waidacher 2009 und 2010 die Funktion des Assistenz-Captains inne. Der älteste Bruder Thomas Waidacher (* 1996) stand zeitweilig im Kader der U-17-Nationalmannschaft.

Nina Waidacher gehört mit ihrem Grossvater und Vater sowie den Schwestern Monika und Isabel zu den wenigen Familienmitgliedern des Eishockeysports, die in drei aufeinanderfolgenden Generationen mindestens einen nationalen Meistertitel erreichen konnten.

Anlässlich des Spengler Cups 2014 nahm Waidacher zusammen mit Livia Altmann und Florence Schelling am «Legenden-Spiel» zwischen dem HC Davos und dem EHC Arosa teil.

Infolge einer Schulterluxation konnte Nina Waidacher an der Weltmeisterschaft 2017 nicht teilnehmen.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen

National
 2011 Schweizer Meister mit den ZSC Lions Frauen
 2016 Schweizer Meister mit den ZSC Lions Frauen
 2017 Schweizer Meister mit den ZSC Lions Frauen
 2018 Schweizer Meister mit den ZSC Lions Frauen

International
 2012 Bronzemedaille bei der Weltmeisterschaft
 2012 Mitglied des Allstar-Teams der Northern Collegiate Hockey Association (NCHA)
 2012 Berufung in die Auswahl der zwei besten Teams der West Region CCM Women's Hockey All-American
 2014 Bronzemedaille bei den Olympischen Winterspielen

Weblinks

 US-Karrierestatistik von Nina Waidacher auf uscho.com
 Nina Waidacher auf der Homepage von St. Scholastica

 Kader Nationalmannschaft bei www.frauennati.ch

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeynationalspieler (Schweiz)
Eishockeyspieler (GCK Lions)
Eishockeyspieler (EHC Arosa)
Olympiateilnehmer (Schweiz)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 2014
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 2018
Schweizer Meister (Eishockey)
Schweizer
Geboren 1992
Frau

Nina Waidacher


Svijet

Događaji

Osnivanja i ukidanja

Rođenja

Smrti

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Događaji

Osnivanja i ukidanja

Rođenja

 Augustin Kažotić, hrvatski blaženik (približna godina rođenja, † 1323.)

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Kršćanstvo u 1260.


ANIM is a file format, used to store digital movies and computer generated animations (hence the ANIM name), and is a variation of the ILBM format, which is a subformat of Interchange File Format.

Main Features

Anim FileTypes

Known filetypes for Anim into AmigaOS are: Anim1, Anim2, Anim3, Anim5 and Anim7. Anim1 to Anim3 did not support audio. Anim 5 and Anim7 should be able to contain Audio Data, being a complete movie animation file format.

Additions to IFF Standard

In addition to the normal ILBM chunks, ANIM filetype also defines:

 ANHD (ANimation HeaDer)
 DLTA - stores changes between frames, with various compression methods supported to make use of the redundancy between frames.

Compression modes:
 ANIM-0 ILBM BODY (no delta compression)
 ANIM-1 ILBM XOR
 ANIM-2 Long Delta mode
 ANIM-3 Short Delta mode
 ANIM-4 General Delta mode
 ANIM-5 Byte Vertical Delta mode (most common)
 ANIM-6 Stereo Byte Delta mode (stereoscopic frames)
 ANIM-7 Anim-5 compression using LONG/WORD data
 ANIM-8 Anim-5 compression using LONG/WORD data
 ANIM-J Eric Grahams compression format (Sculpt 3D / Sculpt 4D)

It is possible to have several compression modes inside a file.

History

The ANIM IFF format was developed in 1988 at Sparta Inc., a firm based in California, originally for the production of animated video sequences on the Amiga computer, and was used for the first time in Aegis Development's Videoscape and Video Titler programs for the Amiga line of computers. Being very efficient and an official subset of existing Amiga ILBM/IFF standard file format, it became the de facto standard for animation files on the Amiga.

The file format must have these characteristics:

Be able to store, and playback, sequences of frames and to minimize both the storage space on disk (through compression) and playback time (through efficient de-compression algorithms).
Maintain maximum compatibility with existing IFF formats and to be able to display the initial frame as a normal still IFF picture.

Several compression schemes have been introduced in the ANIM format. Most of these are strictly of historical interest, as the only one currently used is the vertical run length encoded byte encoding developed by Atari software programmer Jim Kent.

Amiga Anim7 format was created in 1992 by programmer Wolfgang Hofer.

A video file format originally created for the Commodore CDTV, and later adapted for the Amiga CD32, was called CDXL and was similar to the ANIM file format.

The ANIM format is supported by at least one current online image editor.

Technical Overview

A minimum Anim file consists of three ILBM interleaved bitmap images. The first bitmap is a full image, necessary for the creation of the "next" frame whilst the other two are "delta" images, calculated as differences from the first one.

The initial frame is a normal run-length-encoded, IFF picture, and this allows a preview of the contents of the file. Subsequent frames are then described by listing only their differences from a previous frame.

While the first frame is displayed, the subsequent frames are loaded into a buffer in graphics memory. The Amiga switches between the screens almost instantaneously while loading further frames using the blitter. Utilising its DMA capabilities, the graphics chipset could access memory without interrupting the CPU. This technique is called double buffering.

To better understand this, suppose one has two screens, called A and B, with the ability to instantly switch the display from one to the other. The initial frame is loaded in to screen A and B. Screen A is displayed. The differences between frame 1 and frame 2 are calculated and altered in screen B, which is then displayed. Then the differences from this and frame 3 are used to alter screen A, which is then displayed, and so on. Note that frame 2 is stored as differences from frame 1, but all other frames are stored as differences from two frames back.

ANIM is an IFF FORM and its chunk structure is as follows:

FORM ANIM
*FORM ILBM (first frame)
**BMHD (normal type IFF data)
**ANHD (optional animation header chunk for timing of 1st frame)
**CMAP (Colormap)
**BODY
*FORM ILBM (frame 2)
**ANHD (animation header chunk)
**DLTA (delta mode data)
*FORM ILBM (frame 3)
**ANHD
**DLTA

(And so on...)

The initial FORM ILBM can contain all the normal ILBM chunks, such as CRNG, etc. The BODY will normally be a standard run-length-encoded data chunk (but also any other legal compression mode as indicated by the BMHD). If desired, an ANHD chunk can appear here to provide timing data for the first frame. If it is here, the operation field should be =0.

The subsequent FORMs ILBM contain an ANHD, instead of a BMHD, which duplicates some of BMHD and has additional parameters pertaining to the animation frame. The DLTA chunk contains the data for the delta compression modes. If the older XOR compression mode is used, then a BODY chunk will be placed here. In addition, other chunks may be placed in each of these as deemed necessary (and as code is placed in player programs to utilize them). For example, the CMAP chunks to alter the color palette.

A basic assumption in ANIMs is that the size of the bitmap, and the display mode (e.g. HAM) will not change through the animation.

The DLTA chunks are not interleaved bitmap representations, thus the use of the ILBM form is inappropriate for these frames. However, this inconsistency was not noted until there were a number of commercial products either released or close to release which generated/played this format.

Compression methods used in Anim format

Anim format allow five methods of compression: XOR mode, Long Delta mode, Short Delta mode, General Delta mode and Byte Vertical Compression.

Playing ANIM files

Playback of ANIMs will usually require two buffers, as mentioned above, and double-buffering between them. The frame data from the ANIM file is used to modify the hidden frame to the next frame to be shown. When using the XOR mode, the usual run-length-decoding routine can be easily modified to do the exclusive-or operation required.  Note that runs of zero bytes, which will be very common, can be ignored, as an exclusive or of any byte value to a byte of zero will not alter the original byte value. The general procedure, for all compression techniques, is to first decode the initial ILBM picture into the hidden buffer and double buffer it into view. Then this picture is copied to the other (now hidden) buffer. At this point each frame is displayed with the same procedure. The next frame is formed in the hidden buffer by applying the DLTA data (or the XOR data from the BODY chunk) and the new frame is double-buffered into view. This process continues to the end of the file.

Influences of ANIM on other Animation filetypes

The Anim standard of Amiga influenced the development of Animated GIF format.

References

Graphics file formats
Amiga
Graphics standards
Computer file formats
Digital container formats
Computer files
Film and video technology

ANIM


Le château de Sant Salvador de Verdera (plus communément appelé château de Verdera ou château de San Salvador), est une ruine espagnole d'une ancienne fortification médiévale située au sommet de la montagne de Verdera, sur la commune d'El Port de la Selva, dans la province de Gérone en Catalogne.

Localisation
Le château se situe au sommet de la montagne de Verdera, à  d'altitude. Il se trouve en amont du monastère de Sant Pere de Rodes et offre une vue panoramique sur la péninsule du cap de Creus, sur le golfe de Roses, la plaine d'Alt Empordà et la partie la plus orientale des Pyrénées.

Accès
Les ruines ne sont accessibles qu'à pied, par un sentier qui part depuis le monastère.

Histoire

On distingue deux étapes constructives et historiques qui expliquent la diversité des noms avec lesquels il est connu : une première étape, entièrement romane, du  à la fin du , au cours de laquelle fut construit le château primitif, d'abord comtal puis monastique, alors appelé « château de Verdera ». La seconde étape débute à partir du dernier quart du , au cours de laquelle le château fut agrandi et fortifié entre les mains des comtes d'Ampúries, puis renommé « château de San Salvador », nom actuellement courant dans la région.

Au , le château revient aux mains des abbés du monastère de Sant Pere de Rodes.

Protection
Le château de Verdera est classé bien culturel d'intérêt national depuis 1993.

Galerie

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Monastère de Sant Pere de Rodes
 Alt Empordà

Sources

Monument dans la province de Gérone
Château en Catalogne
Château fort
Bien d'intérêt culturel dans la province de Gérone
Bien d'intérêt culturel en Catalogne
Bien d'intérêt culturel déclaré en 1993
Château fort en Espagne

Château de Sant Salvador de Verdera


Bayonetta 2 er et actionspil udviklet af PlatinumGames og udgivet af Nintendo til Wii U og Nintendo Switch. Spillet er efterfølgeren til Bayonetta fra 2009, produceret af Atsushi Inaba og Hitoshi Yamagami fra Nintendo med Yusuke Hashimoto som regissør, under tilsyn af serieskaberen Hideki Kamiya.

Bayonetta 2 blev annonceret 13. september 2012, som en eksklusiv titel for Wii U, til forskel fra det forrige spil blev givet kom ud både til Xbox 360 og PlayStation 3. Spillet bruger de samme stemmeskuespillere der gav stemmer til karaktererne i Bayonetta.

Bayonetta 2 blev udgivet til Wii U i september 2014 i Japan og i oktober i resten af verden. En specialudgave af spillet inkluderede det originale spil Bayonetta som en ekstra disk i pakken. Bayonetta 2 blev udgivet til Nintendo Switch februar 2018. Bayonetta 2 fik positiv modtagelse, hovedsageligt for kampsystemet og de generelle forbedringer fra det forrige spil.

Referencer

Ekstern henvisning
 Officiel hjemmeside

Actionspil
Computerspil fra 2014
Nintendo Switch-spil
Wii U-spil

Bayonetta 2


Andrzej Sebastian Duda (Krakov, 16. svibnja 1972.) je poljski političar, predsjednik države od 6. kolovoza 2015.

2010. postao je gradonačelnikom Krakova 2011. bio je izabran zastupnikom Sejma. 2014. bio je izabran u Europski parlament. 2015. postao je kandidatom stranke Pravo i pravda (polj. Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) na predsjedničkim izborima. U prvom krugu dobio je 34,8 posto glasova i porazio je Bronisława Komorowskog. U drugom krugu pobijedio je i postao predsjednikom Poljske, dobivši 51,55 posto glasova. Preuzeo je dužnosti 6. kolovoza 2015.

Od 1994. oženjen je nastavnicom njemačkog jezika Agatom Kornhauser, s kojom ima kćer Kingu (rođena 1995.).

2016. postao je primatelj češkog Reda bijelog lava.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Andrzej Duda, Zastupnici Europskog parlamenta
 Magdalena Rubaj, Piotr Bugajski: Andrzej Duda. Prawdziwa historia. Warszawa: Ringier Axel Springer Polska, 2015. .

Poljski predsjednici
Političari nakon 1989.

Andrzej Duda


Kubanski  es un jútor del raión de Ust-Labinsk del krai de Krasnodar, en el sur de Rusia. Está situado en la orilla izquierda del río Kubán, a continuación de la desembocadura del Mali Zelenchuk, 5 km al este de Ust-Labinsk y 59 km al nordeste de Krasnodar, la capital del krai. Tenía 147 habitantes en 2010.

Pertenece al municipio Nekrásovskoye.

Enlaces externos y referencias

 Este artículo contiene datos geográficos extraídos de Google Earth y el mapa de Rusia de Yandex.ru, accesible desde este enlace.
 Algunos datos sobre la localidad
 Mapa topográfico en maps.vlasenko.net

Localidades del raión de Ust-Labinsk del krai de Krasnodar

Kubanski (Ust-Labinsk, Krasnodar)


Mullah Mohammed Rabbani (født 1955, død 21. april 2001) var en af grundlæggerne af Taliban-bevægelsen. Han fungerede som premierminister i Afghanistan og leder af den rådgivende komite, Talibans øverste råd. Han var næstleder under mullah Muhammed Omar i Taliban-hierarkiet.

Han døde, 45 år gammel på et militærhospital i Rawalpindi, Pakistan, af kræft i leveren.

Referencer

Personer fra Afghanistan
Medlemmer af Taliban
Personer døde af kræft

Mohammed Rabbani


شبكة الممارسة  هي مفهوم وُضع من قِبل John Seely Brown وPaul Duguid، ويعني مجموعة من شبكات التواصل الاجتماعية مختلفة الأنواع التي تسهل تبادل المعلومات بين الأفراد الذين لديهم أهداف مثل ممارسة شيء ما ذو علاقة.

مقدمة
المصطلح (شبكة) يعني مجموعة من الأفراد المتصلين بعلاقة اجتماعية. وكلمة (ممارسة) تمثل الركيزة التي تربط الأفراد في شبكتهم. والفكرة الأساسية هي أن الممارسة تعني أفعال الأفراد والمجموعات عندما يؤدون أعمالهم مثل ممارسة مهندس البرمجيات، الصحفي ..إلخ، وهذه الممارسة تقتضي التفاعل بين الأفراد.

الفرق بين شبكة الممارسة وغيرها من الشبكات
ما يميز شبكة الممارسة عن غيرها من الشبكات هو أن سببها الرئيسي هو تفاعل الأفراد وتبادلهم المعلومات مع بعضهم البعض ليقوموا بأداء أعمالهم، بحيث يسألون عن أمور ويتشاركون المعرفة فيما بينهم.

وليس ضروريا أن يشغل أفراد شبكة الممارسة الوظيفة نفسها أو العمل نفسه أو حتى لديهم نفس الانضباط الوظيفي، فهي قد تضم أفرادا من مختلف الوظائف والأعمال.

الفرق بين مجتمع الممارسة وشبكة الممارسة

التمييز بين شبكات الممارسة ومجموعات العمل الرسمية

أمثلة عليها
كل شبكة اجتماعية يمكن أن تعتبر شبكة ممارسة، بشرط أن يكون أفرادها ممارسون لشيء مشترك. مثل شبكة لممارسة لغة الجافا، بحيث يكون لأفرادها حسابات في شبكة تواصل مثل MySpace وFacebook.

فوائدها
مثل هذه الشبكات تفيد كلا من المحترفين والمبتدئين.

فوائدها للمحترفين
تنمي معرفتهم وتزيد من إدراكهم من خلال الاحتكاك بالآخرين المحبين لموضوع الممارسة (لغة الجافا مثلا)، وكل محترف يوجد من يفوقه احترافا ومعرفة فيتعلم منه، كذلك تنمي معرفتهم من خلال الإجابة على أسئلة الآخرين حيث أن الإجابة على شيء ما تقتضي التفكير فيه والبحث عنه أحيانا.

فوائها للمبتدئين
يستطيعون من خلالها التعرف على المحترفين والخبراء وأخذ نصائح منهم في كيفية التعلم، كما يستطيعون أيضا طرح أسئلة ليجيب عليها الأخرون.

المراجع

أنواع المجتمعات
اتصالات
استحداثات عام 2000
بناء المجتمعات
تعاون
شبكات
معرفة

شبكة ممارسة


An Maxillaria pamplonensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jean Jules Linden ngan Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Maxillaria pamplonensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Maxillaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Colombia. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Maxillaria

Maxillaria pamplonensis


Mithat Demirel, Alba Berlin basketbol takımının Sportif Direktörlüğünü yapmaktadır. Alman millî basketbol takımı ile önemli başarılar kazanan Mithat Demirel, Almanya Ligi Deneyimi dışında Türkiye Basketbol Liginde Beşiktaş ve Galatasaray gibi önemli takımların da formasını giymiştir. Ayrıca İtalya Basketbol Ligi deneyimi de vardır.

Basketbol hayatı

Basketbola Almanya'da başlayan Mithat Demirel 2005 yılına kadar kısa süreli Bursa Takımı Oyak Renault deneyimi dışında bu ülke liginin dışına çıkmadı. Alman Basketbolunun son dönemde gösterdiği yükselişte önemli rolü olan oyunculardan biri oldu. Gerek Almanya'nın en başarılı kulüp takımlarından biri olan Alba Berlin'de, gerekse Alman millî takımında oyun kurucu gibi önemli bir pozisyonda başarıyla mücadele etti. Alman Basketbolunun tartışmasız en büyük yıldızı olarak gösterilen Dirk Nowitzki ile oyun içinde çok iyi anlaşması ile bu önemli oyuncuyu iyi bir şekilde besleyerek millî takımlar düzeyinde bir Dünya Üçüncülüğü, bir de Avrupa İkinciliği kazanılmasında faydalı oldu.

Fiziksel olarak yeteri kadar güçlü olmaması ve kısa sayılabilecek boyuna rağmen çalışkanlığı ve genç yaşta kazandığı tecrübe ile bu açığını kapatıyor. Savunmasının başarısını hücumda tam olarak gösteremediği şeklinde eleştirilse de istatistiklerde görünmeyen şekilde takımını yönetmekte ve oyuna katkıda bulunmaktadır. Zaten onu değerli kılan özelliklerinin başında da bu geliyor.

Kariyeri

 1997-1998: Alba Berlin
 1998-1999: ALBA Berlin - Lichterfelde
 1999-2000: Oyak Renault:
5 maç uzun süre, 3 maç ise 4 dakika oynadığı bir dönem sonrası sezon ortasında Türkiye'den ayrıldı.

 1999-2000: Weissenfels:
14 maç: 11.9 sayı ort., 1.9 reb.ort., 3.7 ast.ort.

 2000-2001: Mitteldeutscher BC:
Bundesliga: 11.9 sayı ort., 1.8 reb.ort., 4.4 ast.ort.

 2001-2002: ALBA Berlin:
Euroleague: 1.5 sayı ort., 3 reb.ort.
Bundesliga: 3.2 sayı ort., 1.3 reb.ort., 1.4 ast.ort.

 2002-2003: ALBA Berlin:
Euroleague: 6.8 sayı ort., 1.5 reb.ort., 2.2 ast.ort.
Bundesliga: 10,7 sayı ort., 2,1 reb.ort., 2,8 ast.ort.

 2003-2004: ALBA Berlin:
Euroleague: 5.8 sayı ort., 7 reb.ort.
Bundesliga: 5.1 sayı ort., 1.6 reb.ort., 1.5 ast.ort.

 2004-2005: ALBA Berlin:
ULEB Cup: 9,5 sayı ort., 2.9 ast.ort.
Bundesliga: 7.7 sayı ort., 2.3 reb.ort., 3.5 ast. ort.

 2005-2006: Beşiktaş JK
 2006-2007: Galatasaray SK
 2007-2008: Brose Bamberg
 2008-2009: Erdemir

Başarıları

 1998 Alman Bundesliga Şampiyonluğu
 1999 Alman Bundesliga Şampiyonluğu
 1999 Alman Kupası Şampiyonluğu
 2001 Almanya All Star Maçı
 2001 Avrupa Basketbol Şampiyonası Yarı Final
 2002 Alman Bundesliga Şampiyonluğu
 2002 Alman Kupası Şampiyonluğu
 2002 Dünya Basketbol Şampiyonası Üçüncülük
 2003 Almanya All Star Maçı
 2003 Alman Bundesliga Şampiyonluğu
 2003 Alman Kupası Şampiyonluğu
 2004 Almanya All Star Maçı
 2004 Bundesliga Normal Sezon Liderliği
 2004 Bundesliga Yarı Final
 2005 Almanya All Star Maçı
 2005 Bundesliga Normal Sezon Liderliği
 2005 Bundesliga Yarı Final
 2005 Avrupa Basketbol Şampiyonası Finali ve İkincilik
{Galatasaray Cafe Crown Kadrosu}
 2009 Teknosa Türkiye Kupası İkinciliği
{Erdemir Kadrosu}

Dış bağlantılar
 TurkSports.Net Profil&İstatistikler
 TBLStat.net Oyuncu Profili
 Almanca Sitesi
 FANPAGE

1978 doğumlular
Alman erkek basketbolcular
Türk erkek basketbolcular
Oyun kurucu basketbolcular
Galatasaray SK basketbolcuları
Beşiktaş JK basketbolcuları
ALBA Berlin basketbolcuları
Brose Baskets oyuncuları
Yaşayan insanlar
Berlin doğumlu basketbolcular

Mithat Demirel


Wonders of the Solar System es una premiada serie de televisión de 2010 coproducida por la BBC y Science Channel, y presentada por el físico Brian Cox. Wonders of the Solar System fue emitida por primera vez en el Reino Unido en BBC Two el 7 de marzo de 2010. La serie comprende cinco episodios, cada uno de ellos se centra en un aspecto del sistema solar y cuenta una  'maravilla' relacionada con el tema. La serie fue descrita como una de las más exitosas  que han aparecido en BBC Two en los últimos años.

El 31 de marzo de 2011, la serie ganó el prestigioso  Premio Peabody por su excelencia en la realización de documentales.

Episodios

1. "Empire of the Sun"
El primer episodio muestra como afecta la formación y el comportamiento del Sol a cada planeta del sistema solar. En este episodio, Cox visita la India para ver y explicar el funcionamiento de un eclipse total
de Sol. La aurora boreal se ve también en Noruega y  se explica el poder del Sol en el valle de la Muerte, California, Estados Unidos.

2. "Order Out of Chaos"
Cox empieza este episodio en Kairuán, Túnez, para analizar la órbita de los planetas alrededor del Sol y explica detalladamente cómo la inclinación de la Tierra crea las estaciones. También visita la cordillera Atlas para explicar cómo vemos la órbita de Marte. Este episodio también proporciona una visión detallada de los anillos de Saturno y los géiseres de Encélado, incluyendo imágenes vistas desde la sonda espacial Cassini-Huygens.

3. "The Thin Blue Line"
El tercer episodio analiza la atmósfera de los planetas y lunas del sistema solar, siendo la Tierra, Marte y Titán los principales focos. El episodio empieza con Cox viajando en un English Electric Lightning pilotado por "Mike Beachy Head" hasta una altitud de entre 16,7 y 18,3 kilómetros donde la delgadez y fragilidad de la atmósfera permitió observar a plena luz del día la transición de la luz azul al azul oscuro hasta negro. Una mirada en profundidad a Titán se ve con los archivos enviados por la sonda Huygens en su descenso hacia la superficie.

4. "Dead or Alive"
El cuarto episodio empieza en el Gran Cañón de Arizona, Estados Unidos, que se compara con el sistema de cañones Valles Marineris de Marte. Un viaje a Kīlauea en Hawái muestra la actividad geológica de la Tierra y, de nuevo, se compara con Marte y su Monte Olimpo. Se da un análisis del efecto gravitacional de Júpiter y de cómo este podría afectar potencialmente a mandar un asteroide que colisione con la Tierra. La misma fuerza gravitacional se muestra también para explicar la actividad geológica en Ío, una de las lunas de Júpiter.

5. "Aliens"
El último capítulo trata sobre la vida en ambientes extremos y cómo la búsqueda de vida en otros planetas sigue la búsqueda de agua, centrándose en Marte y la luna de Júpiter Europa. Cox empieza viajando al fondo del océano estableciendo una comparación con el viaje espacial. Se ve también el desierto de Atacama para explicar la falta de vida del mismo. Más tarde, en el desierto del Namib se explica cómo la Tierra mantiene su temperatura comparándola con Marte.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
  en Science Channel
  en BBC

Documentales de astronomía

Wonders of the Solar System


Rome, HBO yapımı bir televizyon dizisi. Altın Küre ve Emmy Ödülleri dahil birçok ödüle aday gösterilmiş bu mini dizinin ilk sezonu  28 Ağustos 2005 tarihinde yayınlanmaya başladı ve 12 bölüm sürdü. İkinci sezonu ise 10 bölüm sürdü ve 14 Ocak 2007 tarihinde başladı. Türkiye'de ilk sezonu CNBC-e kanalında yayınlandı.

Dizinin ilk sezonu MÖ 49 yılı civarındaki tarihi yapıda başlıyor. Julius Caesar (Jül Sezar) yönetimindeki Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin Galya'da ve Mısır'daki mücadelesini, Jül Sezar'ın ölümü sonrası Roma Cumhuriyeti'nin Roma İmparatorluğuna dönüşmesi ve aynı zamanda  ülke içinde, özellikle senatoda yaşanan çekişmeleri anlatıyor.

İkinci sezon ise Sezar'ın varisi genç Oktavius (Octavian) ve Marcus Antonius (Mark Antony) arasındaki güç mücadelesi temelinde şekilleniyor.

Roller ve karakterler

Dış bağlantılar
 CNBC-e / ROME
  HBO / ROME
  RAI / ROME
  BBC / ROME

2005'te başlayan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2007'de sona eren Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2000'lerde Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2000'lerde Birleşik Krallık televizyon dizileri
Tarihî televizyon dizileri
HBO televizyon dizileri
BBC televizyon dramaları
Antik Roma hakkında dramatik televizyon dizileri
Televizyonda Jül Sezar hakkındaki kültürel tasvirler

Rome (dizi)


Bilokourakyne ( ; , Biélokourakino) est une commune urbaine de l'oblast de Lougansk, en Ukraine. Elle compte  en 2021. Elle est passée sous l'administration de la république populaire de Lougansk en mars 2022.

Géographie
La commune se trouve au bord de la rivière Bila, affluent de l'Aïdar. Elle se trouve à trois kilomètres de la gare de chemin de fer de Bilokourakyne.

Histoire
Le village a été fondé en 1700. Au , la sloboda de Belo-Kourakina appartient à l'okroug de Balouïsk du gouvernement de Voronej en l'Empire russe. Au début des années 1890, la sloboda de Belokourakina est le noyau le plus important de la volost du même nom dans l'ouïezd de Starobilsk du gouvernement de Kharkov. Elle compte alors 848 foyers pour 5 503 habitants. Elle passe sous le pouvoir soviétique en décembre 1917. Cette région russe est donnée au territoire de la république socialiste soviétique d'Ukraine en 1922.

Pendant la Grande Guerre patriotique, le village est occupé à partir du 9 juillet 1942 par l'armée allemande et peu de temps après en plus par des troupes de la  italienne qui y installent un poste de police subordonné aux services de l'intendance de l'armée italienne. Six mois plus tard, le village est libéré par l'Armée rouge, le 19 janvier 1943, spécialement par la 172e division de fusiliers au cours de l'offensive Ostrogojsk-Rossoch. Une rue de la commune porte le nom de cette division aujourd'hui.

La localité comptait 6 700 habitants en 1969. L'usine laitière en employait un grand nombre. En 1979, on y comptait une usine de béton bitumineux, un élévateur agricole pour les céréales, une association régionale de machines agricoles Selkhoztekhnika, une organisation de construction agricole intercollective, une usine de produits de services ménagers, quatre écoles d'enseignement général, une école de musique, un hôpital, une maison de la Culture, quatre clubs et cinq bibliothèques. En 1989, la commune comptait 8 434 habitants et en 2011 plus que 6 811, puis en 2013, 6 737 habitants. Cette commune en proie aux difficultés économiques est en perte constante de population.

La commune passe sous l'administration de la république populaire de Lougansk au début du mois de mars 2022.

Références

Commune urbaine dans l'oblast de Louhansk

Bilokourakyne


Walter Sydney Adams (20. december 1876 – 11. maj 1956) var amerikansk astronom.

Liv og arbejde
Adams blev født i Antiokia, Tyrkiet, som søn af Lucien Harper Adams og Nancy Dorrance Francis Adams, et missionærpar fra New Hampshire, og kom til USA i 1885. Han tog eksamen fra Dartmouth College i 1898 og fortsatte sin uddannelse, først i Chicago og derefter i Tyskland. Efter at være vendt tilbage til USA indledte han en karriere inden for astronomi, som kulminerede i stillingen som direktør for Mount Wilson-observatoriet 1923-1946.

Hans primære interesse var studiet af stjernespektre. Han arbejdede med spektroskopi af Solen og var med-opdager af forholdet mellem den relative intensitet af visse spektrallinjer og en stjernes absolutte størrelsesklasse. Han kunne vise, at spektre kunne bruges til at afgøre, om en stjerne var en kæmpestjerne eller en dværg. I 1915 begyndte han at studere Sirius' følgestjerne og fandt, at til trods for at den kun var lidt større end Jorden, var stjernens overflade lysere per arealenhed end Solen, og at den var næsten lige så massiv som den. En sådan stjerne blev senere kendt som en hvid dværg. Sammen med Theodore Dunham opdagede han desuden den store forekomst af kuldioxid i det infrarøde spektrum for Venus.

Adams døde i en alder af 79 år i Pasadena, Californien.

Priser og æresbevisninger
Priser og æresbevisninger
 Guldmedalje fra Royal Astronomical Society (1917)
 Henry Draper-medaljen fra National Academy of Sciences (1918)
 Medlem af American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1922)
 Valz-prisen fra Det franske Videnskabsakademi (1923)
 Bruce-medaljen (1928)
 Janssen-medaljen fra Det franske Videnskabsakademi (1934)
 Udenlandsk medlem af Royal Society (1950)
 Henry Norris Russell-lektorat (1947)

Opkaldt efter ham
 Asteroiden 3145 Walter Adams.
 Et krater på Mars.
 Krateret Adams på Månen er opkaldt i fællesskab efter ham, John Couch Adams og Charles Hitchcock Adams.

Kilder

Yderligere læsning
 Asimov's Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, Isaac Asimov, Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1972,

Eksterne henvisninger

Astronomer fra USA

Walter Sydney Adams


Bangiomorpha, monotipski rod crvenih algi u porodici Bangiaceae. Jedina je vrsta fosilna alga B. pubescens

Izvori

Bangiaceae

Bangiomorpha


Bäk Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Herzogtum Lauenburg iline bağlı bölge. 4,3 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Aralık 2015 itibarıyla yaklaşık 881 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Martin Fischer tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 www.amt-auenburgische-seen.de

Herzogtum Lauenburg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri
Mecklenburg-Strelitz Büyük Dükalığı

Baek


Hovig Demirjian (, , født 3. januar 1989), bedre kendt under mononymet Hovig, er en cypriotisk sanger af armensk oprindelse. Han repræsenterede Cypern i Eurovision Song Contest i 2017.

Liv og karriere
Demirjian eller Demirdjian blev født den 3. januar 1989 i Nicosia, Cypern, og er af armensk afstamning. Han studerede marketing og har arbejdet i erhvervslivet, men gav hurtigt op for at blive sanger. Han lærte at spille guitar og klaver, og har også studeret jazz og vokal. Hans første store bedrift var at andenpladsen i en musikalsk konkurrence i Larnaca. Han blev kendt i Cypern med tilnavnet "Den musiske budbringer". 1. juni 2009 udgav han "Den mou milas alithina (Istoria exei teleiwsei)" ( ) under mononymet Hovig ledsaget af en musikvideo til forberedelsen til det græske X Factor. Sangen var skrevet af Argiro Christodoulidou og musikvideoen instrueret af Kostas Voniatis.

Det græske X-Faktor
I 2009 tog Demirjian del i anden sæson af X Factor Grækenland, sendt på den græske tv-station ANT1. Han gik til audition med den græske sang "Pote" () og kvalificerede sig til kategorien Drenge (16-24) med mentor Nikos Mouratidis. I det første liveshow sang han "How to Save a Life" af The Fray, og i anden uge den armenske sang "Menos ektos" fra Eleftheria Arvanitaki. I 3. uge i liveshowene sang han "Unchain My Heart" af Ray Charles og Joe Cocker efterfulgt af Bon Jovi's "You Give Love a Bad Name i uge 4 og "With a Little Help from My Friends" af The Beatles og Joe Cocker i uge 5. Han fortsatte med forskellige fortolkninger som "(i Can't Get No) Satisfaction" af The Rolling Stones, "Feel" af Robbie Williams og "You Can Leave Your Hat On" igen af Cocker og "It's a Man's Man's Man's World". I det 11. live-show, som han optrådte med to sange: den græsk-sproget "Pou Na Sai" af Andonis Remos og "Hello" af Lionel Richie. Han endte med at komme på en syvendeplads i konkurrencen.

Efter X factor vendte han tilbage til Cypern og skabte sig en musikkarriere som solosanger. Han har udgivet en række singler, herunder græsksproget sange som "Ksana" () i 2010 og "Ekho ya mena" () i 2013. Han har også turneret internationalt til forskellige koncerter i Grækenland, Mellemøsten og Rusland.

Eurovision Song Contest
Efter X-Faktor Grækenland, konkurrerede Demirjian om at repræsentere Cypern i Eurovision Song Contest to gange; 2010 og 2015. I 2010, kom han på en tredjeplads med sangen "Farvel", og i 2015 blev han nummer fire med sangen "Stone in a River".

Den 21. oktober 2016 blev Demirjian udråbt som den cypriotiske deltager i Eurovision Song Contest 2017. Hans sang "Gravity" blev skrevet af den svenske komponist Thomas G:son. Han kvalficerede sig for ESC-finalen den 13. maj 2017 og fik en 21. plads.

Diskografi

Singler

Henvisninger

Eksterne links

 Hovig Demirjian på Instagram
 Hovig Demirjian på Internet Movie Database

X Factor-deltagere
Cyperns Eurovision Song Contest-deltagere
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2017
Sangere fra Cypern
Personer fra Nicosia

Hovig Demirjian


An Nastus schlechteri in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Pilg., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Richard Eric Holttum. An Nastus schlechteri in nahilalakip ha genus nga Nastus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Nastus (Poaceae)

Nastus schlechteri


Grand Café este un film românesc din 2010 regizat de Bogdan Mihăilescu.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 2010 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 2010

Grand Café


Anagārika Dharmapāla (Pali: Anagārika, ;  Sinhala: Anagārika, lit., ; 17 September 1864 – 29 April 1933) was a Sri Lankan Buddhist revivalist and a writer.

Anagarika Dharmapāla is noted because he was:
 the first global Buddhist missionary
 one of the founding contributors of non-violent Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
 a leading figure in the Sri Lankan independence movement against British rule
 a pioneer in the revival of Buddhism in India after it had been virtually extinct for several centuries
 the first Buddhist in modern times to preach the Dhamma in three continents: Asia, North America, and Europe.

Along with Henry Steel Olcott and Helena Blavatsky, the creators of the Theosophical Society, he was a major reformer and revivalist of Sinhala Buddhism and an important figure in its western transmission. He also inspired a mass movement of South Indian Dalits including Tamils to embrace Buddhism, half a century before B. R. Ambedkar. In his later life, he became a Buddhist monk with the name of Venerable Sri Devamitta Dharmapala.

Early life and education

Anagarika Dharmapala was born on 17 September 1864 in Colombo, Ceylon to Don Carolis Hewavitharana of Hiththetiya, Matara and Mallika Dharmagunawardhana (the daughter of Andiris Perera Dharmagunawardhana), who were among the richest merchants of Ceylon at the time. He was named Don David Hewavitharane. His younger brothers were Dr Charles Alwis Hewavitharana and Edmund Hewavitarne. He attended Christian College, Kotte; St Benedict's College, Kotahena; S. Thomas' College, Mutwal and the Colombo Academy (Royal College).

Buddhist revival
In 1875, during a period of Buddhist revival, Madame Blavatsky and Colonel Olcott had founded the Theosophical Society in New York City. They were both very sympathetic to what they understood of Buddhism, and in 1880 they arrived in Ceylon, declared themselves to be Buddhists, and publicly took the Refuges and Precepts from a prominent Sinhalese bhikkhu. Colonel Olcott kept coming back to Ceylon and devoted himself there to the cause of Buddhist education, eventually setting up more than 300 Buddhist schools, some of which are still in existence.  It was in this period that Hewavitarne changed his name to Anagarika Dharmapala.

'Dharmapāla' means 'protector of the dharma'. 'Anagārika' in Pāli means "homeless one". It is a midway status between monk and layperson. As such, he took the eight precepts (refrain from killing, stealing, sexual activity, wrong speech, intoxicating drinks and drugs, eating after noon, entertainments and fashionable attire, and luxurious beds) for life.  These eight precepts were commonly taken by Ceylonese laypeople on observance days.  But for a person to take them for life was highly unusual. Dharmapala was the first anagarika – that is, a celibate, full-time worker for Buddhism – in modern times. It seems that he took a vow of celibacy at the age of eight and remained faithful to it all his life. Although he wore a yellow robe, it was not of the traditional bhikkhu pattern, and he did not shave his head. He felt that the observance of all the vinaya rules would get in the way of his work, especially as he flew around the world.  Neither the title nor the office became popular, but in this role, he "was the model for lay activism in modernist Buddhism." He is considered a bodhisattva in Sri Lanka.

His trip to Bodh-Gaya was inspired by an 1885 visit there by Sir Edwin Arnold, author of The Light of Asia, who soon started advocating for the renovation of the site and its return to Buddhist care. Arnold was directed towards this endeavour by Weligama Sri Sumangala Thera.

At the invitation of Paul Carus, he returned to the U.S. in 1896, and again in 1902–04, where he traveled and taught widely.

Dharmapala eventually broke with Olcott and the Theosophists because of Olcott's stance on universal religion. "One of the important factors in his rejection of theosophy centred on this issue of universalism; the price of Buddhism being assimilated into a non-Buddhist model of truth was ultimately too high for him."  Dharmapala stated that Theosophy was "only consolidating Krishna worship." "To say that all religions have a common foundation only shows the ignorance of the speaker; Dharma alone is supreme to the Buddhist."

At Sarnath in 1933 he was ordained as a bhikkhu, and he died at Sarnath in December of that year, aged 68.

Religious work
The young Dharmapala helped Colonel Olcott in his work, particularly by acting as his translator. Dharmapala also became quite close to Madame Blavatsky, who advised him to study Pāli and to work for the good of humanity – which is what he did. It was at this time that he changed his name to Dharmapala (meaning "Guardian of the Dharma").

In 1891 Anagarika Dharmapala was on a pilgrimage to the recently restored Mahabodhi Temple, where Siddhartha Gautama – the Buddha – attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, India. Here he experienced a shock to find the temple in the hands of a Saivite priest, the Buddha image transformed into a Hindu icon and Buddhists barred from worship. As a result, he began an agitation movement.

The Maha Bodhi Society at Colombo was founded in 1891 but its offices were soon moved to Calcutta the following year in 1892. One of its primary aims was the restoration to Buddhist control of the Mahabodhi Temple at Bodh Gaya, the chief of the four ancient Buddhist holy sites. To accomplish this, Dharmapala initiated a lawsuit against the Brahmin priests who had held control of the site for centuries. After a protracted struggle, this was successful only after Indian independence (1947) and sixteen years after Dharmapala's own death (1933), with the partial restoration of the site to the management of the Maha Bodhi Society in 1949. It was then the temple management of Bodh Gaya was entrusted to a committee comprised in equal numbers of Hindus and Buddhists. A statue of Anagarika Dharmapala was established in College Square near Kolkata Maha Bodhi Society.

Maha Bodhi Society centers were set up in many Indian cities, and this had the effect of raising Indian consciousness about Buddhism.  Converts were made mostly among the educated, but also among some low caste Indians in the south.

Due to the efforts of Dharmapala, the site of the Buddha's parinibbana (physical death) at Kushinagar has once again become a major attraction for Buddhists, as it was for many centuries previously. Mahabodhi Movement in 1890s held the Muslim rule in India responsible for the decay of Buddhism in India. Anagarika Dharmapala did not hesitate to lay the chief blame for the decline of Buddhism in India at the door of Muslim fanaticism.

In 1893 Dharmapala was invited to attend the World Parliament of Religions in Chicago as a representative of "Southern Buddhism" – which was the term applied at that time to the Theravada. There he met Swami Vivekananda and got on very well with him. Like Swami Vivekananda, he was a great success at the Parliament and received a fair bit of media attention. By his early thirties he was already a global figure, continuing to travel and give lectures and establish viharas around the world during the next forty years. At the same time he concentrated on establishing schools and hospitals in Ceylon and building temples and viharas in India. Among the most important of the temples he built was one at Sarnath, where the Buddha first taught. On returning to India via Hawaii, he met Mary E. Foster, a descendant of King Kamehameha who had emotional problems. Dharmapala consoled her using Buddhist techniques; in return, she granted him an enormous donation of over one million rupees (over $2.7 million in 2010 dollars, but worth much more due to low labor costs in India). In 1897 he converted Miranda de Souza Canavarro who as "Sister Sanghamitta" came to establish a school in Ceylon.

Dharmapala's voluminous diaries have been published, and he also wrote some memoirs.

Dharmapala, science, and Protestant Buddhism
The term 'Protestant Buddhism,' coined by scholar Gananath Obeyesekere, is often applied to Dharmapala's form of Buddhism.  It is Protestant in two ways.  First, it is influenced by Protestant ideals such as freedom from religious institutions, freedom of conscience, and focus on individual interior experience. Second, it is in itself a protest against claims of Christian superiority, colonialism, and Christian missionary work aimed at weakening Buddhism. "Its salient characteristic is the importance it assigns to the laity." It arose among the new, literate, middle class centred in Colombo.

The term 'Buddhist modernism' is used to describe forms of Buddhism that suited the Modern World,  usually influenced by modern thinking, and often adapted by Buddhists as a counter to claims of European or Christian superiority.  Buddhist modernists emphasize certain aspects of traditional Buddhism, while de-emphasizing others. Some of the characteristics of Buddhist modernism are: importance of the laity as against the sangha; rationality and de-emphasis of supernatural and mythological aspects; consistency with (and anticipation of) modern science; emphasis on spontaneity, creativity, and intuition; democratic, anti-institutional character; emphasis on meditation over devotional and ceremonial actions.

Dharmapala is an excellent example of a Buddhist modernist, and perhaps the paradigmatic example of Protestant Buddhism.  He was particularly concerned with presenting Buddhism as consistent with science, especially the theory of evolution.

Survey of writings
Most of Dharmapala's works are collected in Return to Righteousness: A Collection of Speeches, Essays, and Letters of the Anagarika Dharmapala.  (Edited by Ananda Guruge. Colombo, Ministry of Education and Cultural Affairs (1965)).

The World's Debt to The Buddha (1893)

This paper was read to a crowded session of the Parliament of World Religions in Chicago, 18 September 1893.  At this early stage of his career, Dharmapala was concerned with making Buddhism palatable to his Western audience.  This talk is full of references to science, the European Enlightenment, and Christianity.  While presenting Buddhism in these familiar terms, he also hints that it is superior to any philosophy of the West.  In addition, he spends considerable time discussing the ideal Buddhist polity under Asoka and the Buddha's ethics for lay people.

The Constructive Optimism of Buddhism (1915)
Buddhism was often portrayed in the West, especially by Christian missionaries, as pessimistic, nihilistic, and passive.  One of Dharmapala's main concerns was to counter such claims, and this concern is especially evident in this essay.

Message of the Buddha (1925)
In the later stages of his career, Dharmapala's vociferous anti-Christian tone is more evident.  Dharmapala must be understood in the context of British colonization of Ceylon and the presence of Christian missionaries there.  This work is a good example of "Protestant Buddhism," as described above.

Evolution from the Standpoint of Buddhism (1926)
Darwin's theory of evolution was the cutting edge of science during Dharmapala's life.  As part of his attempt to show that Buddhism is consistent with modern science, he was especially concerned with evolution.

Contributions to Sinhalese Buddhist Nationalism
Dharmapala was one of the primary contributors to the Buddhist revival of the 19th century that led to the creation of Buddhist institutions to match those of the missionaries (schools, the YMBA, etc.), and to the independence movement of the 20th century. DeVotta characterizes his rhetoric as having four main points: "(i) Praise – for Buddhism and the Sinhalese culture; (ii) Blame – on the British imperialists, those who worked for them including Christians; (iii) Fear – that Buddhism in Sri Lanka was threatened with extinction; and (iv) Hope – for a rejuvenated Sinhalese Buddhist ascendancy" (78). He illustrated the first three points in a public speech:

Later life

In the last years of his life, he visited Ceylon in 1931, during which he established the 'Dharmapala Trust'. That year he was ordained a Buddhist priest with the name Sri Devamitta Dharmapala. Two years later he took his higher ordination. He died on 29 April 1933 at the Mulagandhakuti Viharaya in Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Legacy
In 2014, India and Sri Lanka issued postage stamps to mark the 150th birth anniversary of Dharmapala, along with the Central Bank of Sri Lanka which issued a commemorative coin. In Colombo, a road has been named in his honour as "Anagarika Dharmapala Mawatha" (Angarika Dharmapala Street).

The biographical film, Anagarika Dharmapala Srimathano, on life history of Dharamapala was released in 2014, where Palitha Silva played the role.

See also
 Maha Bodhi Society
 London Buddhist Vihara
 Sri Lanka Maha Bodhi Centre, Chennai
 Miranda de Souza Canavarro
 Walisinghe Harischandra
 Buddhism and Theosophy
 Humanistic Buddhism

References

Cited sources

Sources

 Anagarika Dharmapala Archive at Vipassana Fellowship
 WWW Virtual Library: ANAGARIKA DHARMAPALA at www.lankalibrary.com
 Anagarika Dharmapala, The Arya Dharma – Free eBook

 Ven. Kiribathgoda Gnanananda Thero, 'Budu Sasuna Bebala Wu Asahaya Dharma Duthayano', Divaina, 17 September 2008
 Sangharakshita, Flame in Darkness: The Life and Sayings of Anagarika Dharmapala, Triratna Grantha Mala, Poona 1995
 Sangharakshita, Anagarika Dharmapala, a Biographical Sketch, and other Maha Bodhi Writings, Ibis Publications, 2013
 Daya Sirisena, 'Anagarika Dharmapala – trail-blazing servant of the Buddha', Daily News, 17 September 2004
 Anagarika Dharmapala A religio-cultural hero
 Bartholomeusz, Tessa J.  1993.  "Dharmapala at Chicago : Mahayana Buddhist or Sinhala Chauvinist?"   Museum of Faiths.  Atlanta : Scholars Pr. 235–250.
 Kloppenborg, Ria.  1992.  "The Anagarika Dharmapala (1864–1933) and the Puritan Pattern". Nederlands Theologisch Tijdschrift, 46:4, 277–283.
 McMahan, David L. 2008. The Making of Buddhist Modernism.  Oxford: Oxford University Press. 91–97, 110–113.
 Obeyesekere, Gananath 1976.  "Personal Identity and Cultural Crisis : the Case of Anagārika Dharmapala of Sri Lanka."  Biographical Process. The Hague : Mouton.  221–252.
 Prothero, Stephen.  1996a.  "Henry Steel Olcott, Anagarika Dharmapala and the Maha Bodhi Society."  Theosophical History, 6:3, 96–106.
 Prothero, Stephen.  1996b.  The White Buddhist: The Asian Odyssey of Henry Steel Olcott.  Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
 Saroja, G V.  1992.  "The Contribution of Anagarika Devamitta Dharmapāla to the Revival of Buddhism in India."   Buddhist Themes in Modern Indian Literature,  Madras : Inst. of Asian Studies. 27–38.
 Amunugama, Sarath, 2016 " The Lion's Roar: Anagarika Dharmapala & the Making of Modern Buddhism" Colombo: Vijitha Yapa Publications.

Genealogy
 Genealogical Charts of Sri Lankan Sinhalese Families: Family #3006 (Wijeyaguneratne) Don Carolis Hewavitharana
 Genealogical Charts of Sri Lankan Sinhalese Families: Family #3007 DHARMAGUNEWARDENA, Lansage Andiris Perera

1864 births
1933 deaths
Alumni of S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia
Alumni of Royal College, Colombo
National Heroes of Sri Lanka
People from British Ceylon
Prisoners and detainees of British Ceylon
Sri Lankan independence movement
Buddhist apologists
Buddhist revivalists
Sri Lankan Buddhists
Sri Lankan Buddhist monks
Sinhalese monks
Sri Lankan Buddhist missionaries
Anagārikas
Sarnath
Sri Lankan expatriates in India
Writers about India
Buddhist writers

Anagarika Dharmapala


في الحوسبة، ملف مخفي أو مجلد مخفي على حاسوب هو مجلد أو ملف لا يستطيع المستخدم رؤيته افتراضياً. المجلدات المخفية تستخدم غالباً لإخفاء ملفات خاصة بالنظام أو تفضيلات المستخدم. ولكن البرمجيات الخبيثة يمكنها أيضاً الاستفادة من هذه الخاصية لإخفاء وجودهم عن المستخدمين.

يونكس والبيئات الشبيهة بيونكس
في الأنظمة الشبيهة بيونكس، أسماء الملفات والمجلدات المخفية تبدأ بنقطة "." (كمثال: /home/user/.config) — ومن هنا يقوم بعض الناس بتسميتها بملفات النقطة dotfiles .كيفية إظهارهم أو إخفائهم تعتمد على مدير الملفات المستخدم.

دوس
في مايكروسوفت دوس وأنظمة دوس الأخرى، يمكن للمستخدمين جعل الملفات والمجلدات مخفية أو مرئية عن طريق تغيير خاصية Hidden File باستخدام أمر attrib.أمر dir /a قد يكشف عن وجود أشياء مخفية مثيرة للشك.

مايكروسوفت ويندوز
في مايكروسوفت ويندوز، يمكن للمستخدمين الإخفاء أو الإظهار عن طريق تغيير خاصية Hidden، باستخدام attrib أو ويندوز إكسبلورر.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الملفات المخفية في الأنظمة الشبيهة بيونكس
 Microsoft DOS attrib command

أنظمة ملفات الحاسوب
بيانات وصفية
ماك أو إس

ملف مخفي ومجلد مخفي


Shireen Olive Ritchie, Baroness Ritchie of Brompton (* 22. Juni 1945 als Shireen Olive Folkard; † 24. April 2012) war eine britische Politikerin (Conservative Party) und Life Peeress. Als Politikerin setzte sie sich dafür ein, Frauen in der Conservative Party zu stärken.

Jugend und Beruf
Sie wurde als Tochter von Commander Lionel Folkard am 22. Juni 1945 geboren. Der Vater war Arabist im Kolonialdienst. So verbrachte sie einen Teil ihrer Kindheit im Jemen. Im Alter von sieben Jahren kam sie auf ein Internat in England. Einige Jahre später, sie war gerade zehn Jahre alt, kehrten auch ihre Eltern zurück. Deren Ehe zerbrach bald darauf, was Ritchie belastete. Sie arbeitete später als Model und war unter anderem für Mary Quant und Zandra Rhodes tätig.

In erster Ehe war sie mit John Williams verheiratet und hatte mit diesem einen Sohn. Nach ihrer Scheidung lernte sie John Ritchie kennen. Die beiden heirateten 1982 und sie gab ihre Arbeit auf und kümmerte sich um ihre Stiefkinder Tabitha und Guy Ritchie.

Politische Karriere
Von 1998 bis 2010 war sie Mitglied des Kensington and Chelsea Borough Council. Dies war ihr erstes politisches Amt. Dabei vertrat sie den Bezirk Brompton. 2008 sagte sie im Rahmen der Anhörungen des Innenausschusses zum Thema Menschenhandel. Sie war in die Bemühungen der Conservative Party involviert, Aufmerksamkeit auf das Thema Vielfalt innerhalb der Partei zu lenken, dazu gehörten auch die women2win efforts 2005 und Priority List (A-List)-Kandidaten, für die sie innerparteiliche Kritik erhielt.

Sie war Vorsitzende (Chair) des Candidates Committee der Partei von 2006 bis 2010 und wurde zur Vorkämpferin der Conservative Woman's Organization.
2010 war sie Vorsitzende (Chair) der Family and Children's Services der Local Government Association (LGA). In dieser Zeit wurde die Abteilung Reformen unterzogen, die Büroarbeiten zu reduzieren, um den Druck auf die Sozialarbeiter zu verringern und die Qualität der Fürsorge für Kinder zu erhöhen. Ritchie war Mitglied des Family Justice Review Panel, der Kensington & Chelsea Partnership Steering Group, des Health and Well-Being Partnership Board (ex officio), dem Joint Health Commissioning Board, dem Supporting People Commissioning Body, der Borough Voluntary Organisations Advisory Group und der Stable Way Advisory Group. Außerdem war sie Vorsitzende (Chairman) des Appeals Panel.

Ritchie war Mitglied einiger weiterer Gremien. Sie gehörte der Local Government Association General Assembly, dem London Councils (Children and Young People Forum), dem London Councils Grants Committee (als stellvertretende Vorsitzende [Deputy]), der William Petyt Charity und dem London Youth Crime Prevention Board an.

Sie wurde 2000 als erste Frau Vorsitzende (Chair) der Kensington and Chelsea Conservative Association und blieb bis zu ihrem Rücktritt 2004 im Amt. Zuvor war sie stellvertretende Vorsitzende (Deputy Chairman) und hatte in dieser Position die Kandidatur von Michael Portillo bei einer Nachwahl 1999 unterstützt.

Beim Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Council war sie von 2003 bis 2005 zuständig für soziale Dienste und ab 2005 für Familie und Kinder. Von 2008 bis 2009 war Ritchie stellvertretende Bürgermeisterin (Deputy Mayor). Außerdem war sie Non-executive director des Kensington and Chelsea Primary Care Trust.

Mitgliedschaft im House of Lords

Ritchie wurde am 25. Juni 2010 zur Life Peeress als Baroness Ritchie of Brampton, of Brampton, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. Ihre offizielle Einführung ins House of Lords  erfolgte am 29. Juni 2010 mit Unterstützung von Joan Hanham, Baroness Hanham und Patricia Morris, Baroness Morris of Bolton.

Ritchie war relativ regelmäßig an Sitzungstagen anwesend.

Weitere Ämter
Sie war Vorsitzende (Chair) des Children and Young People Board der Local Government Association und Mitglied des Aufsichtsrates (Board) von Cafcass, einem Beratungsdienst beim Familiengericht.

Bei der Wohltätigkeitsorganisation UK Youth war Ritchie Vizepräsidentin (Vice President). Sie war außerdem Präsidentin des National Children's Bureau.

Weblinks
 Shireen Ritchie, Baroness Ritchie of Brompton bei theyworkforyou
 Shireen Ritchie, Baroness Ritchie of Brompton bei The Public Whip
 Baroness Ritchie of Brompton Nachruf in: The Daily Telegraph; 26. April 2012
 BIOGRAPHY OF COUNCILLOR SHIREEN RITCHIE Biografie (Offizielle Webseite des Infant-Trust)

Einzelnachweise

Politiker (20. Jahrhundert)
Politiker (21. Jahrhundert)
Life Peer
Mitglied des House of Lords
Conservative-Party-Mitglied
Brite
Geboren 1945
Gestorben 2012
Frau
Stellvertretender Bürgermeister (Vereinigtes Königreich)


Eymir, Antalya ilinin Elmalı ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Mahallenin adı 24 Oğuz Boyundan birisi olan Eymür boyunun başkalaşmış halidir. Çevresinde diğer boyların isimleri ile anılan köyler mevcuttur.

Coğrafya
Antalya iline 120 km, Elmalı ilçesine 10 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Elmalı'nın mahalleleri

Eymir, Elmalı


Tour de Vendée er et fransk endagsløb i landevejscykling som arrangeres hvert år i oktober. Løbet er blevet arrangeret siden 1972. Løbet er af UCI klassificeret med 1.1 og er en del af UCI Europe Tour. Mellem 1972 og 1980 var det et amatørløb.

Vindere

Eksterne henvisninger

Cykelløb i Frankrig
Etableret i 1972

Tour de Vendée


මෙය මානව සංවර්ධන දර්ශකය අනුව රටවල් ලැයිස්තුවකි.

ක්‍රමවේදය

මානව සංවර්ධන දර්ශකය යනු රටවල්වල ආයුෂ අපේක්ෂාව, අධ්‍යාපනය, හා ප්‍රතිශීර්ෂ ආදායම පෙන්වන දර්ශකයන් අනුව ලොව රටවල් මානව සංවර්ධන අවස්ථා හතරකට වර්ග කරන්නා වූ සංයුක්ත සංඛ්‍යානමය දර්ශකයකි. යම් රටක ආයු අපේක්ෂාව, අධ්‍යාපන මට්ටම හා ප්‍රතිශීර්ෂ දළ දේශීය නිෂ්පාදිතය ඉහළ විට රටක් මා.සං.ද. හි ඉහළ ලකුණු ලැබේ. මා.සං.ද හි නිර්මාපකයා වන්නේ පකිස්ථාන ආර්ථික විද්‍යාඥ මහබූබ්-උල්-හක් ය.

සම්පූර්ණ රටවල් ලැයිස්තුව
  = ඉහළ ගොස් ඇත (increase).
  =  වෙනසක් නොමැත (steady).
  = පහළ ගොස් ඇත (decrease).

ඉතා ඉහළ

ඉහළ

මධ්‍යම

පහළ

මූලාශ්‍ර

ආශ්‍රිත
 මානව සංවර්ධන දර්ශකය


Kınık şu anlamlara gelebilir:

Oğuz boyu
 Kınık boyu, Oğuz boyu

Yerleşim yerleri
 Kınık, İzmir - İzmir ili ilçesi
 Kınık, Dinar - Afyonkarahisar ili Dinar ilçesine bağlı belde
 Kınık, Kaş - Antalya ili Kaş ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Büyükorhan - Bursa ili Büyükorhan ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Sandıklı - Afyonkarahisar ili Sandıklı ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Sincanlı - Afyonkarahisar ili Sinanpaşa ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Kalecik - Ankara ili Kalecik ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Kahramankazan - Ankara ili Kahramankazan ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık (Aşağı), Kızılcahamam - Ankara ili Kızılcahamam ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık (Yukarı), Kızılcahamam - Ankara ili Kızılcahamam ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, İvrindi - Balıkesir ili İvrindi ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Sındırgı - Balıkesir ili Sındırgı ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Bilecik - Bilecik ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Pazaryeri - Bilecik ili Pazaryeri ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, İnegöl - Bursa ili İnegöl ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Çorum - Çorum ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Akçakoca - Düzce ili Akçakoca ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Sivrihisar - Eskişehir ili Sivrihisar ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Şebinkarahisar - Giresun ili Şebinkarahisar ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Devrekani - Kastamonu ili Devrekâni ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Tosya - Kastamonu ili Tosya ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Bozkır - Konya ili Bozkır ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Selçuklu - Konya ili Selçuklu ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Kütahya - Kütahya ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Kınık, Kırkağaç - Manisa ili Kırkağaç ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Köprübaşı - Manisa ili Köprübaşı ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Selendi - Manisa ili Selendi ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Seydikemer - Muğla ili Seydikemer ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kınık, Almus - Tokat ili Almus ilçesine bağlı belde

Kınık


حادثة الخطوط الهولندية 1948 هي حادثة وقعت عام 1948 حين اصطدمت طائرة من نوع لوكهيد تابعة للخطوط الهولندية واسمها (Nijmegen) ورقم التسجيل هو (PH-TEN) بالقرب من بريستويك باسكتلندا بتاريخ 20 أكتوبر 1948 وقد مات جميع من كان بالطائرة وعددهم 40 شخصا.

المقدمة
كانت تلك الطائرة مقرر رحلتها من مطار مطار سكيبول (أمستردام) بالساعة 8:00 مساء بالتوقيت المحلي إلى نيويورك عبر مطار بيستويك بالقرب من جلاسكو أو مطار شانون بإيرلندا كبديل لبريستوك في حالة الطقس السيء، ولكن الطائرة تأخرت بالإقلاع بسبب وجود حمولة اضافية سوف ترسلها إلى أيسلندا خلال رحلتها لنيويورك، مما أضاف محطة أخرى قبل نيويورك.

أقلعت الطائرة أخيرا من مطار سكيبول الساعة 9:10 مساء، بعد تأخير أكثر من ساعة. وقد تم إخبار الطيار بالحوال الجوية لمطار بريستوك بانه غائم بعض الشيء ولكنه سيتحسن بوقت وصول الطائرة، ولكن ماتم هو العكس حيث إزداد الطقس سوءا عند وصولها.

الوصول
كان الطيار -واسمه بارمنتير- يعلم بوجود رياح جانبية قوية تهب بزاوية عمودية على المدرج الرئيسي لمطار بريستوك وسرعتها 20 عقدة مما يصعب الهبوط على المدرج وقد يمنعها، ولكن البديل وهو مدرج رقم 26 ويكون بمواجهة الرياح، ولكن لايوجد رادار أرضي لتوجيه الهبوط.

عند زمن الوصول كانت بريستوك واقعة تحت رذاذ المطر، وقاعدة الغيم صلبة بعض الشيء على ارتفاع ، واستمر الطقس كذلك من الساعة 11:00 مساء وهو زمن وصول الطائرة إلى مجال المطار. وبما أن الطائرة أقلعت متأخرة فإن الطاقم لم يستلم رسالة التنبوء المرسلة بالراديو عن طريق مطار بريستوك لتبلغهم بالتغييرات. لذلك لم يكن الطاقم يعلم بالتدهور الحاصل بالطقس، لأنه لو كان يعلم بذلك لحول وجهة الطائرة إلى مطار شانون، فتقارير الطقس المعتادة المرسلة من المطار ذكرت بأن قاعدة الغيوم وصلت إلى  فلم يكن يعلم بتلك التقارير الجديدة ولم يكن يعلم أيضا بأن هناك رحلتين من شركة ساس قد فضلا العودة بدلا من الهبوط بالمطار.

ترتفع أرضية المدرج بحوالي  وهو مالم يذكر بخرائط الشركة. وهناك مجموعة من أعمدة الكهرباء تنتصب بارتفاع  وتبتعد عن المطار بحوالي 3 أميال شمال شرقي المدرج وهي تغذي شمال اسكتلندا، ولكن بالخريطة ذكر بأن ارتفاعها هو فقط . وعندما اقتربت الطائرة من المجال الجوي للمطار، اتصل الطيار بالمطار قبل الساعة 11:00 مساء، وقد انخفضت بتلك اللحظة سرعة الرياح الجانبية ب14 عقدة مما يمكن الطيار من الهبوط على المدرج الرئيسي، وهو مالم يفعله الطيار مفضلا الهبوط على المدرج البديل.

بالساعة 11:16 مساء أرسل المطار إشارات بالراديو محذرا من تدهور الطقس، ولكن يبدو أن الطائرة حولت إستقبال الراديو إلى الصوتي بدلا من الإشارات فلم تستلم تلك المعلومة. وعند اقترابها من المطار تم ابلاغهم بانخفاض سرعة الرياح الجانبية، فقرر الهبوط بالمدرج الرئيسي، ولكن وعلى مسافة 3 أميال رأى الطيار بأن الرياح الجانبية قوية بدرجة الصعوبة بالهبوط بنفس المدرج، فقرر تخطى المدرج والطيران فوقه والهبوط بالمدرج الآخر، وارتفع إلى علو ، وانزل عجلات الهبوط ودخل داخل الغيوم والتي كانت قاعدتها على ارتفاع  وبتلك اللحظة اصطدم باعمدة الكهرباء، والتي كان يعتقد بأن ارتفاعها بالخرائط أقل بكثير مما هو بالواقع. فحاول الطاقم انزال الطائرة المحترقة اضطراريا. ولكن الخريطة كانت ملئ بالأخطاء فقادتهم إلى الهبوط بمسافة 5 أميال شرق-شمال شرقي مجال المطار. فمات 30 راكب (22 هولندي و6 ألمان وبريطاني وأيرلندي) بالإضافة إلى الطاقم وعددهم 10.

نتائج الحادث
وجهت المحكمة اللوم إلى عوامل عدة سببت الحادث:
 فشل إدارة المطار تنبيه الطائرة (Nijmegen) عن تدهور الأحوال الجوية.
 فشل طاقم الطائرة بالهبوط باتجاه الرياح على المدرج الرئيسي.
 وجود اخطاء كثيرة بالخرائط الرسمية للخطوط الهولندية ومرجعها سلاح الجو الأمريكي زمن الحرب العالمية الثانية، وبالتالي فقط ظهرت بها اخطاء كثيرة فطلبت المحكمة من الخطوط الهولندية بأخذ الخرائط الصحيحة من الهيئات الرسمية للمطارات.

انظر أيضا
 قائمة حوادث الطائرات المدنية

المصادر

 Ralph Barker (1967) Great Mysteries of the Air.
 وصف للحادث

إسكتلندا في 1948
أحداث أكتوبر 1948
الأرصاد الجوية في 1948
جنوب أيرشاير في القرن 20
تاريخ جنوب أيرشاير
حوادث طائرات لوكهيد كونستليشن
حوادث طيران بسبب الطقس
حوادث طيران في 1948
حوادث طيران في إسكتلندا
كوارث في المملكة المتحدة 1948
أحداث أكتوبر 1948 في المملكة المتحدة

حادثة الخطوط الهولندية 1948


Veľká Lehota este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Žarnovica din regiunea Banská Bystrica. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 1.090 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Veľká Lehota este atestată documentar din 1355.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Veľká Lehota


Labial–velar consonants are doubly articulated at the velum and the lips, such as . They are sometimes called "labiovelar consonants", a term that can also refer to labialized velars, such as the stop consonant  and the approximant .

Labial-velars are often written as digraphs. In the Kâte language, however,  is written Q q, and  as Ɋ ɋ.

Globally, these types of consonants are quite rare, only existing in two regions: West and Central Africa on the one hand, Eastern New Guinea and northern Vanuatu on the other. There are 2 other isolated cases, allophonically in Vietnamese and in the Adu dialect of Nuosu (Yi).

Labial-velar stops
Truly doubly articulated labial-velars include the stops  and the nasal . To pronounce them, one must attempt to say the velar consonants but then close their lips for the bilabial component, and then release the lips. While 90% of the occlusion overlaps, the onset of the velar occurs slightly before that of the labial, and the release of the labial occurs slightly after that of the velar so the preceding vowel sounds as if it were followed by a velar, and the following vowel sounds as if it were preceded by a labial. The order of the letters in  and  is therefore not arbitrary but motivated by the phonetic details of the sounds.

Phonemic labial–velars occur in the majority of languages in West and Central Africa (for example in the name of Laurent Gbagbo, former president of Ivory Coast; they are found in many Niger–Congo languages as well as in the Ubangian, Chadic and Central Sudanic families), and are relatively common in the eastern end of New Guinea. In Southeast Asia, they occur in the Adu dialect of Nuosu (Yi), which aside from its isolated location, is unusual in having a relatively large inventory of labial-velar consonants, including the rare aspirated version: .

Labial–velar stops also occur as ejective  (unattested) and implosive  (often transcribed ). Floyd (1981) reports a voiced and voiceless implosive  from Central Igbo.

The Yele language of Rossel Island, Papua New Guinea, has both labial–velars and labial–alveolar consonants. Labial–velar stops and nasals also occur in Vietnamese but only word-finally.

These sounds are clearly single consonants rather than consonant clusters. For example, Eggon contrasts , , and . The following possibilities are possible if tone is ignored:

Allophonic labial-velars are known from Vietnamese, where they are variants of the plain velar consonants  and .

Labialized labial-velars
Some languages, especially in Papua New Guinea and in Vanuatu, combine the labial–velar consonants with a labial–velar approximant release: , . The extinct language Volow had a prenasalised labial-velar stop with labialization .

Velar labial clicks

Bilabial clicks are stops that involve closure at both the lips and the soft palate. Treatments often analyze the dorsal articulation as part of the airstream mechanism, and so consider such stops to be labial. However, there may be a distinction between the velar labial clicks  and the uvular labial clicks , which is not captured if they are described as simply labial.

See also

 Place of articulation
 List of phonetics topics

Notes

References

Place of articulation
Labial–velar consonants

Labial–velar consonant


Sami Hyypiä (d. 7 Ekim 1973, Porvoo) Fin eski futbolcu, teknik direktör.

Futbolculuk kariyeri

Kulüp kariyeri
1994 yılında Finlandiya ümit millî takımı kaptanı iken Samsunspora geldi, bir haftalık deneme sonunda dönemin teknik direktörü Gheorghe Mulțescu tarafından beğenilmedi.
24 Ekim 2007'de İstanbul'da oynanan Beşiktaş'ın 2-1 yendiği maçta kendi kalesine bir gol atmıştır. 1999'dan beri Liverpool forması giymektedir. Burada, 4 numaralı formayla 314 maçta 22 gol atmıştır. Ayrıca 1992'den beri Finlandiya forması giymektedir. Burada ise 95 maçta 5 kere fileleri havalandırmiştır. 2009'da Bayer 04 Leverkusen ile 2 yıllığına anlaşmıştır. 2010-2011 sezonu sonunda futbola veda etmiştir. 2012 yılında Bayer 04 Leverkusen teknik diretörlüğüne getirildi.

Millî takım kariyeri
Hyypiä, Finlandiya U-21 takımı ile 27 kez maça çıktı. Finlandiya millî takımı için ilk kez formayı 7 Kasım 1992'de 19 yaşında Tunus'a karşı giydi. Hyypiä Finlandiya millî takımı ile 105 maça çıktı ve Finlandiya tarihinin en çok forma giyen 2.futbolcusu unvanına sahip. 12 Ekim 2010 tarihinde Macaristan'a karşı oynanan maçtan sonra millî takımı brıaktığını açıkladı.

Teknik direktörlük kariyeri
Hyypiä Finlandiya Futbol Federasyonu'nda antrenörlük olarak teknik direktör kariyerine başladı. 15 Mayıs 2012 tarihinde takım menajeri Lewandowski tarafından 2015 yılına kadar Bayer 04 Leverkusen'in teknik direktör olacağını açıklasa da 2014 Nisan'ında görevine son verildi. Leverkusen'in başındayken aldığı 1,63 maç başı puanın ardından sırasıyla Brighton & Hove Albion takımında 26 maçta 1,08 puan ortalaması ve FC Zürich takımında 30 maçta 1,23 maç başı puan ortalaması yakaladı. Eylül 2020 itibari ile Finlandiya 1. ligi ekiplerinden FC Haka takımında yardımcı antrenör olarak görev almakta.

Başarıları

Kulüp
MyPa
Suomen Cup: 1992, 1995
Liverpool
FA Cup: 2000-2001, 2005-2006
EFL Cup: 2000-2001, 2002-2003
FA Community Shield: 2001, 2006
UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi: 2004-2005
UEFA Kupası: 2000-2001
UEFA Süper Kupası: 2001, 2005

Bireysel
Yılın Finlandiya Futbol Federasyonu Futbolcusu (9): 1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2010
Finlandiya Yılın Sporcusu: 2001
Yılın UEFA Takımı: 2001
Premier League Ayın Futbolcusu: Kasım 1999

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Official club profile
 FIFA.com Profile
 UEFA.com Profile
 LFCHistory.net Profile
 Profile

1973 doğumlular
Fin futbolcular
Finlandiya millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
MYPA futbolcuları
Willem II futbolcuları
Liverpool FC futbolcuları
Bayer 04 Leverkusen futbolcuları
İngiltere'deki gurbetçi futbolcular
Yaşayan insanlar
Premier League futbolcuları
Eredivisie futbolcuları
Bayer 04 Leverkusen teknik direktörleri
Bundesliga teknik direktörleri
Defans futbolcuları
UEFA Şampiyonlar Ligi'ni kazanan futbolcular
Bundesliga futbolcuları
UEFA Kupası'nı kazanan futbolcular
Brighton & Hove Albion FC teknik direktörleri
English Football League teknik direktörleri
İngiltere'deki gurbetçi teknik direktörler
Almanya'daki gurbetçi teknik direktörler
İsviçre'deki gurbetçi teknik direktörler
FC Zürich teknik direktörleri
Fin teknik direktörler
Stoper futbolcular
Veikkausliiga futbolcuları

Sami Hyypiä


The Synarchy of Molten Bones šesti je studijski album francuskog avangardnog black metal-sastava Deathspell Omega. Album je 8. studenog 2016. godine objavila diskografska kuća Norma Evangelium Diaboli.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje
Deathspell Omega
 Hasjarl – gitara
 Khaos – bas-gitara
 Mikko Aspa – vokali

Izvori

Albumi iz 2016.

The Synarchy of Molten Bones


David Valero (Baza, 27 de dezembro de 1988) é um ciclista espanhol.

Ele conquistou o bronze no cross-country nos Jogos Olímpicos de 2020 em Tóquio. Ele estava na lista de partida para o Campeonato Europeu de Cross-country de 2018 e terminou em terceiro.

Ciclistas olímpicos da Espanha
Ciclistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020

David Valero


Grandas de Salime, İspanya'nın 17 otonom bölgesinden kuzeyde, Cantabrian Denizi'ne kıyısı bulunan, içinde İspanya Krallığı'nın da bulunduğu Asturias Prensliği'ne bağlı belediye. 2002 yılındaki nüfusu; 1,295'tir.

Asturias'ın belediyeleri

Grandas de Salime