The Boyle Lectures are named after Robert Boyle, a prominent natural philosopher of the 17th century and son of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork. Under the terms of his Will, Robert Boyle endowed a series of lectures or sermons (originally eight each year) which were to consider the relationship between Christianity and the new natural philosophy (today's 'science') then emerging in European society.

History

Early lectures
The first such lecture was given in 1692 by Richard Bentley, to whom Isaac Newton had written:

The early lecturers were specifically charged to prove the truth of the Christian religion against Jews, Muslims and non-believers, without considering any controversies or differences that might exist between different Christian groups.

A clergyman was to be appointed to the lectureship for a term of no more than three years by Thomas Tenison (later Archbishop of Canterbury) and three other nominated trustees. Boyle had assigned the rent from his house in Crooked Lane to support the lectures but the income from that source soon disappeared.  Archbishop Tenison then arranged that the rental income from a farm in the parish of Brill in Buckinghamshire was to be paid at the rate of £12.10.00 per quarter to the lecturer.

Revival
The Boyle Lectures were revived in 2004 at the famous Wren church of St Mary-le-Bow in the City of London by Dr Michael Byrne, a Fellow of Birkbeck College London.  Financial support for the lectures has been provided by a number of patrons, principally the Worshipful Company of Grocers and the Worshipful Company of Mercers in the city.  A book to mark the 10th anniversary of the revived series was edited by Russell Re Manning and Michael Byrne and published by SCM Press in 2013 as 'Science and Religion in the Twenty-First Century: The Boyle Lectures 2004-2013'.

Having convened the first 15 lectures in the new series, Michael Byrne stepped down as Convenor in 2018.  Management of the lecture then passed to the International Society for Science and Religion (ISSR) in cooperation with the Boyle Lectures Board of Trustees.  Members of the board include John Boyle, 15th Earl of Cork; the Hon. Robert Boyle; Julian Tregoning, Past Master of the Grocers' Company; Xenia Dennan, Past Master of the Mercers Company; the Revd George R. Bush, Rector of St Mary-le-Bow; Emeritus Professor John Hedley Brooke; Dr Russell Re Manning; Professor Fraser Watts; and the Revd Michael Reiss, President of the ISSR.

Chronological list

 17th century
 1692 – A Confutation of Atheism, by Richard Bentley
 1693-94 - A Demonstration of the Messias, in which the Truth of the Christian Religion is proved, especially against the Jews, by Richard Kidder
 1694 - [Title Unknown], by Richard Bentley
 1695 - The Possibility, Expediency and Necessity of Divine Revelation, by John Williams
 1696 - The Perfection of the Evangelical Revelation, by John Williams
 1697 - The Certainty of the Christian Revelation and the Necessity of believing it, established, by Francis Gastrell (Bishop of Chester)
 1698 - The Atheistical Objections against the Being of God and His Attributes fairly considered and fully refuted, by John Harris
 1699 - The Credibility of the Christian Revelation, from its intrinsick Evidence, by Samuel Bradford (Bishop of Rochester)
 1700 - The Sufficiency of a Standing Revelation, by Offspring Blackall

 18th century
 1701–02 - Truth and Exellency of the Christian Religion, by George Stanhope
 1703 - Adams
 1704 - A Demonstration of the Being and Attributes of God, by Samuel Clarke
 1705 - The Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion, by Samuel Clarke
 1706 - Arguments to Prove the Being of a God, by John Hancock
 1707 - The Accomplishment of Scripture Prophecies, by William Whiston
 1708 - The Wisdom of God in the Redemption of Man, as delivered in the Holy Scriptures, vindicated from the chief Objections of Modern Infidels, by John Turner
 1709 - Religion no Matter of Shame, by Lilly Butler
 1710 - The Divine Original and Excellence of the Christian Religion, by Josiah Woodward
 1711–12 - Physico-Theology, or a Demonstration of the Being and Attributes of God from his Works of Creation, by William Derham
 1713–14 - On the Exercise of Private Judgment, or Free-Thinking, by Benjamin Ibbot
 1717–18 - Natural Obligations to Believe the Principles of Religion and Divine Revelation, by John Leng
 1719 - An Enquiry into the Cause and Origin of Evil, by John Clarke
 1720 - On the Origin of Evil, by John Clarke
 1721 - The pretended Difficulties in Natural or Revealed Religion, no Excuse for Infidelity, by Robert Gurdon
 1724–25 - A Demonstration of True Religion, in a Chain of Consequences from certain and undeniable Principles, by Thomas Burnett
 1725–28 - John Denne
 1730–32 - The Gradual Revelation of the Gospel from the time of Man's Apostacy, by William Berriman
 1736–38 - The History of the Acts of the Holy Apostles, confirmed from other Authors, and considered as full Evidence for the Truth of Christianity, by Richard Biscoe
 1739–41 - Leonard Twells
 1747–49 - Christianity justified upon the Scripture Foundation; being a Summery View of the Controversy between Christians and Deists, by Henry Stebbing
 1750–52 - John Jortin
 1756–58 - Thomas Newton
 1759–62 - Charles Moss
 1763 - A Discourse upon the Being of God against Atheists, by Ralph Heathcote
 1766–68 - The Evidence of Christianity deduced from Facts and the Testimony of Senses throughout all Ages of the Church to the present time, by William Worthington
 1769–71 - The Intent and Propriety of the Scripture Miracles considered and explained, by Henry Owen
 1778–80 - An Argument for the Christian Religion, drawn from a Comparison of Revelation with the Natural Operations of the Mind, by James Williamson

 19th century
 1802–05 - An Historical View of the Rise and Progress of Infidelity, with a Refutation of its Principles and Reasonings, by William Van Mildert
 1812 - William Van Mildert
 1814 - Frederick Nolan

 1821 - The Connection of Christianity with Human Happiness, by William Harness
 1845–46 - The Religions of the World; and Their Relations to Christianity Considered in Eight Lectures - Frederick Denison Maurice
 1854 - Christopher Wordsworth
 1857 - Eight discourses on the miracles, by William Gilson Humphry
 1861 - The Bible and its Critics: an Enquiry into the Objective Reality of Revealed Truths, by Edward Garbett
 1862 - The Conflict between Science and Infidelity, by Edward Garbett
 1863 - The Divine Plan of Revelation, by Edward Garbett
 1864 - The conversion of the Roman empire, by Charles Merivale
 1865 - The Conversion of the Northern Nations, by Charles Merivale
 1866–67 - Christ and Christendom, by Edward Hayes Plumptre
 1868 - The Witness of the Old Testament to Christ, by Stanley Leathes
 1869 - The Witness of St. Paul to Christ, by Stanley Leathes
 1870 - The Witness of St. John to Christ, by Stanley Leathes
 1871–72 - Moral Difficulties Connected with the Bible, by James Augustus Hessey
 1874–75 - Christianity and Morality Or the Correspondence of the Gospel with the Moral Nature of Man, by Henry Wace
 1876 - What is Natural Theology?, by Alfred Barry
 1877–78 - The Manifold Witness for Christ, by Alfred Barry
 1879–80 - The Evidential Value of the Holy Eucharist, by George Frederick Maclear
 1884 - The Scientific Obstacles to Christian Belief, by George Herbert Curteis
 1890 - Old Truths in Modern Lights (The Present Conflict of Science and Theology), by T. G. Bonney
 1891 - Christian Doctrines and Modern Thought, by T. G. Bonney
 1893 - Ascent of Faith or the Grounds of Certainty in Science and Religion, by Alexander James Harrison
 1895 - The Gospel of Experience Or the Witness of Human Life to the Truth of Revelation, by W. C. E. Newbolt
 1897 - William Benham

 20th century
 1903–05 - The Testimony of St. Paul to Christ Viewed in Some of its Aspects, by Richard John Knowling
 1935–36 - God, Creation and Revelation, by Allen John MacDonald
 1965 - The Christian Universe, by Eric Mascall

 21st century
 2004 - Darwin, Design, and the Promise of Nature, by John F. Haught, with a response by Richard Chartres
 2005 - Darwin's Compass: How Evolution Discovers the Song of Creation, by Simon Conway Morris, with a response by Keith Ward
 2006 - The Emergence of Spirit: From Complexity to Anthropology to Theology, by Philip Clayton, with a response by Niels Gregersen
 2007 - Cosmology of Ultimate Concern, by John D Barrow, with a response by Martin Rees
 2008 - Psychologising and Neurologising about Religion: Facts, Fallacies and the Future, by Malcolm Jeeves, with a response by Fraser Watts
 2009 - Misusing Darwin: The Materialist Conspiracy in Evolutionary Biology, by Keith Ward, with a response by John Polkinghorne
 2010 - The Legacy of Robert Boyle - Then and Now, by John Hedley Brooke, with a response by Geoffrey Cantor
 2011 - Is the World Unfinished? On Interactions between Science and Theology, by Jürgen Moltmann, with a response by Alan Torrance
 2012 - Christ and Evolution: A Drama of Wisdom, by Celia Deane-Drummond, with a response by Fount LeRon Shults
 2013 - Science and Religion in Dialogue, by John Polkinghorne, with a response by Richard Chartres
 2014 - New Atheism – New Apologetics: The Use of Science in Recent Christian Apologetic Writings, by Alister McGrath, with a response by Richard Harries
 2015 - Natural Theology Revisited (Again), by Russell Re Manning, with a response by Louise Hickman
 2016 - Natural Theology in a Changed Key? Evolution, Cooperation, and the God Question, by Sarah Coakley, with a response by Christopher Insole
 2017 - Theological Influences in Scientific Research Programmes: Natural Theology 'in Reverse''', by Robert J. Russell, with a response by Rowan Williams
 2018 - Apocalypses Now: Modern Science and Biblical Miracles, by Mark Harris, with a response by John Hedley Brooke
2019 - Science, Religion and Ethics, by Michael Reiss
2020 - Mental Health and the Gospel, by Christopher Cook, with a response by Fraser Watts
2021 - The Rediscovery of Contemplation Through Science'', by Tom McLeish, with a response by Rowan Williams

 2022 - "God and a World of Natural Evil: Theology and Science in Hard Conversation, by Prof Christopher Southgate, with a response by Andrew Davidson.

References

External links
 Boyle, Robert, and the Boyle Lectures, in The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, Vol. II (CCEL)

Christian theological lectures
Lectures on religion and science
Philosophy events
1692 establishments in England
Recurring events established in the 17th century

Boyle Lectures


اقتصادنا هو كتاب ألفه محمد باقر الصدر في بداية الستينيات في القرن العشرين، يتناول الاقتصاد الإسلامي.

لا زال الكتاب يشكل مرجعاً للكثير من قواعد البنوك الإسلامية، حيث إنه كتاب يتحدث عن الاقتصاد الإسلامي ومزاياه ويتحدث عن أضرار الاقتصاديات الأخرى مثل الاشتراكية والرأسمالية وغيرها ويقارن بينها.

تميز الكتاب بأسلوبه الراقي وأسلوب النقاش الصحيح في تفنيد وتوضيح السلبيات التي تقع في الأنظمة الاقتصادية الأخرى، وكيف أن الاقتصاد الإسلامي هو الاقتصاد الذي يجب أن يكون لعدم وجود خلل به أو يؤدي إلى بعض الأمور والعقبات التي تخل بالاقتصاد.

المؤلف

السيد محمد باقر بن حيدر بن إسماعيل الصدر، مفكر وفقيه مفسر وفيلسوف وقائد سياسي عراقي، ولد في مدينة الكاظمية بالعراق سنة 1353هـ، هاجر إلى مدينة النجف، درس المعارف في الحوزة الدينية بالنجف الأشرف إلى أن نال درجة الاجتهاد، من أساتذة الحوزة العلمية، مؤسس حزب الدعوة الإسلامية، اعتقل من قبل السلطات العراقية عدة مرات، وفي الاعتقال الرابع اُعدم وذلك سنة 1400 هـ الموافق 1980 م

محتوى الكتاب
يطرح الصدر في كتابه اقتصادنا المادية التاريخية وقوانين الديالكتك، والمراحل الخمس للمجتمع الفكري الماركسي ونقد الفكر الاقتصادي الماركسي، ويختم الكتاب بتناول الهيكل العام للاقتصاد الإسلامي.

يتكون الكتاب من ثلاثة فصول:
الفصل الأول: دراسة المذهب الماركسي المتمثل في المادية التاريخية، وطرح الأسس الفكرية للمذهب، ثم ينقده.

الفصل الثاني: دراسة المذهب الرأسمالي، ومبادئه.

الفصل الثالث: دراسة مفصلة للأقتصاد الإسلامي، مبادئه، شرح مفصل لأنظمة التوزيع والإنتاج في الإسلام.

خلاصة وشرح وترجمة
 ألّف محمد جعفر شمس الدين، اقتصادنا تلخيص وتوضيح في 4 أقسام.
 تُرجم إلى اللغة الإنكليزية والألمانية والتركية والفارسية.

المصادر

انظر أيضًا
 الاقتصاد عاريا

المراجع
 الميلاد، زكي،محمد باقر الصدر وتجديدات الفكر الإسلامي، مجلة الكلمة، العدد (27) ـ السنة السابعة، ربيع 2000م ـ 1421هـ.
 مرادي، مجيد، ترجمة:علي عباس الوردي،الاقتصاد الإسلامي في فكر الشهيدالصدر،موقع نصوص معاصرة (مركز البحوث المعاصرة في بيروت)،27 مارس 2016.

إيديولوجيات اقتصادية
اقتصاد إسلامي
الإسلام في عقد 1960
قانون اقتصادي
كتب اقتصاد بالعربية
كتب الشيعة
كتب باللغة العربية
كتب شيعية عربية
كتب عربية في القرن 20
كتب غير خيالية 1961
كتب غير خيالية 1982
مدارس الفكر الاقتصادي

اقتصادنا (كتاب)


Porsche 944, Alman otomobil üreticisi Porsche tarafından üretilmiş yüksek performanslı bir spor otomobilidir.

Porsche 924 ile yer değiştirmek üzere 1982 yılında üretilmeye başlanmıştır. Üretimi, Porsche 968 ile yer değiştirdiği yıl olan 1991 yılında sona ermiştir.

Porsche 944, 1980'li yıllarda Porsche için önemli bir başarı olmuş, değişik modelleri üretilmiştir: 944, 944S, 944 Turbo, 944S2 ve 944 Turbo S.

Porsche 944 Serisi Motor Güçleri

944
1982'de tanıtılan taşıtlar
Arkadan itişli taşıtlar
Coupe otomobiller
Targa otomobiller

Porsche 944


Lipstick lezbiyen Türkçeye "rujlu lezbiyen" olarak çevrilebilecek, cinsel kimlikle ilgili bir terimidir. Tüm dünyada "lipstick lesbian" olarak kullanılan bu terim, Türkçede "lipstick" veya "lipstick lezbiyen" şeklinde kullanılmakta olup terim, lezbiyen bir kadının bakımlı olduğunu ifade eder. Ağırlıklı olarak kadınsı özellikler taşıyan lezbiyenlerdir.

Lipstick lezbiyen, yalnızca kişinin dışarıya yansıttığı görüntü ile ilgilidir. Kişinin eşcinsel ilişki içerisinde üstlendiği cinsiyet rolünü (veya herhangi bir rol üstlenip üstlenmediğini) ortaya koymaz.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Chapstick lezbiyen

LGBT argosu
Lezbiyen kültürü

Lipstick lezbiyen


Gilbert Kurland (* 28. November 1904 in Minneapolis; † 26. Februar 1978 in Los Angeles) war ein US-amerikanischer Filmschaffender.

Leben
Gilbert Kurlands Karriere in Hollywood begann mit der Einführung des Tonfilms. Er wirkte 1931 erstmals als Music supervisor am Film Frankenstein mit. In dieser Position folgten noch mehrere Arbeiten bis Mitte der 1930er Jahre für Universal Pictures, das sich auf Horrorfilme konzentriert hatte. Dazu gehören Filme wie Der Unsichtbare, Die schwarze Katze, Der Werwolf von London und Der Rabe, die heute als Klassiker gelten. In etwa demselben Zeitraum arbeitete er zudem an mehr als 60 Filmen im Tondepartment mit. Für den Film Frankensteins Braut (1935) wurde er für den Oscar für den besten Ton nominiert, musste sich jedoch 1936 Douglas Shearer für Tolle Marietta geschlagen geben. In der Literatur findet sich zudem teilweise die Angabe, dass Kurland 1935 für einen Oscar für den besten Ton für Imitation of Life (1934) nominiert wurde. Die offizielle Academy-Award-Seite listet jedoch Theodore Soderberg, den damaligen Sound Director des Universal Studio Sound Department, als Nominierten der Kategorie.

Ende der 1930er Jahre wechselte er sowohl das Fach als auch das Studio und wurde Regieassistent bei MGM. Er war beispielsweise 1936 Regieassistent für Edward Sedgwick in Burn 'Em Up O'Connor, unterstützte mehrfach S. Sylvan Simon in Musicals, romantischen Komödien und Melodramen, George B. Seitz, H.C. Potter, Robert B. Sinclair, Jacques Tourneur und Richard Thorpe in Tarzans geheimer Schatz. 1942 wechselte er in die Produktion. Zunächst war er Aufnahmeleiter. Hier war er u. a. 1942 an Edward Buzzells The Omaha Trail beteiligt, aber auch an Kriegspropagandafilmen wie Salute to the Marines und Victor Flemings Kampf in den Wolken mit Spencer Tracy (beide 1943). Zwischen 1943 und 1948 war seine Karriere unterbrochen. Nach kurzer Rückkehr ins Filmgeschäft in den Jahren 1948 bis 1950 war die Karriere erneut bis 1958 unterbrochen. 1958 kam er als Produktionsmanager zurück nach Hollywood. Erste Arbeit wurde Robert Wises Antikriegsfilm U 23 – Tödliche Tiefen. Weitere wichtige Filme waren Delbert Manns Getrennt von Tisch und Bett, John Hustons Denen man nicht vergibt (1960), Richard Brooks' Elmer Gantry, John Frankenheimers Die jungen Wilden (1961) und Der Gefangene von Alcatraz (1962), J. Lee Thompsons Taras Bulba und als Karriereabschluss Elliot Silversteins Ein Mann, den sie Pferd nannten (1970). Kurland wirkte an mehr als 100 Filmen mit.

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 Music Supervisor
 1931: Frankenstein
 1933: Der Unsichtbare
 1934: Die schwarze Katze
 1935: Der Werwolf von London
 1935: Der Rabe

 Ton
 1933: Der Held von Texas
 1933: Der Unsichtbare
 1933: Bei Kerzenlicht
 1933: Der Staranwalt von Manhattan
 1934: The Countess of Monte Cristo
 1934: Die schwarze Katze
 1934: Imitation of Life
 1935: Frankensteins Braut
 1935: Der Werwolf von London
 1935: Diamanten-Jim
 1935: Rex, der König von Arizona
 1935: Was geschah gestern?
 1935: Die Schreckensinsel im Pazifik
 1935: Magnificent Obsession
 1936: Draculas Tochter
 1936: Show Boat
 1936: Nobody's Fool

 Regieassistenz
 1939: The Kid from Texas
 1939: Erpressung
 1941: Tarzans geheimer Schatz

 Produktionsleitung
 1942: The Omaha Trail
 1943: Der Tolpatsch und die Schöne
 1943: Kampf in den Wolken
 1948: Stadt ohne Maske
 1949: Die Brut des Satans
 1949: Die rote Schlucht
 1950: Ohne Gesetz
 1950: Südsee-Vagabunden
 1958: U 23 – Tödliche Tiefen
 1958: Getrennt von Tisch und Bett
 1959: Der Teufelsschüler
 1960: Denen man nicht vergibt
 1960: Elmer Gantry – Gott ist im Geschäft
 1961: Die jungen Wilden
 1962: Der Gefangene von Alcatraz
 1962: Taras Bulba
 1964: Wir warten in Ashiya
 1968: Der Mann in Mammis Bett
 1970: Ein Mann, den sie Pferd nannten

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmschaffender
Tontechniker
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1904
Gestorben 1978
Mann

Gilbert Kurland


Olaylar
 31 Aralık - Kanuni Sultan Süleyman komutasındaki Osmanlı ordusu, Bağdat'a girdi.
 Yeni Fransa Naipliği kuruldu (dağılışı 1763).
 Cizvitler tarikatı kuruldu.
 Cambridge University Press kuruldu.

Doğumlar
 19 Mart - José de Anchieta, İspanyol Cizvit misyoner (ö. 1597)
 23 Haziran - Oda Nobunaga, Ashikaga şogunluğunu deviren Japon savaşçı (ö. 1582)
 1 Temmuz - II. Friedrich, Danimarka ve Norveç kralı (ö. 1588)
 3 Temmuz - Myeongjong, Joseon Kralı (ö. 1567)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Ishak Luria, Yahudi bilgini ve mistiği (ö. 1572)
 Jan Łasicki, Polonyalı tarihçi ve din bilimci (ö. 1602)

Ölümler
 5 Mart - Antonio Allegri da Correggio, İtalyan ressam (d. 1489)
 8 Mart - Henry Brandon, İngiltere Prensesi Mary Tudor ve Charles Brandon'un oğlu, VIII. Henry'nin yeğeni (d. 1516)
 19 Mart - Ayşe Hafsa Sultan, Osmanlı padişahı Yavuz Sultan Selim'in eşi, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman'ın annesi, Valide Sultan
 16 Nisan - Kemalpaşazâde, veya İbn-i Kemal, Osmanlı Şeyhülislamı (d. 1469)
 21 Ağustos - Philippe Villiers de L'Isle-Adam, Hospitalier Şövalyeleri'nin üyesi olan şövalye (d. 1464)
 25 Eylül - VII. Clemens, asıl adı Giulio di Giuliano de Medici, papa (d. 1478)
 29 Eylül - Alvise Gritti, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman döneminde Osmanlı-Venedik ilişkilerinde önemli bir rol oynamış tüccar (d. 1480)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Basîrî, Osmanlı divan şairi
 Hayreti, Türk divan edebiyatı şairi
 Marcantonio Raimondi, İtalyan gravürcü (d. y. 1480)

1534


فان أسك فان ويجك  تمثل بقية سلسلة الجبال الوسطى بسورينام والمتصلة بجبال توموك-هوموك على طول الحدود البرازيلية بواسطة جبال آيلرتس دي هان الجنوبية.

مراجع

جغرافيا سورينام
سلاسل جبلية في سورينام
ضاحية سيباليويني

فان أسك فان ويجك


ألويس هتلر (ولد ألويس شيكلغروبر؛ 7 يونيو 1837 – 3 يناير 1903 بالنمسا). كان موظفاً في الجمارك النمساوية، معروف بكونه والد أدولف هتلر.

في 7 يناير 1885 تزوج ابنة أخيه أو بنت ابنة أخيه (اعتمادا على ما إذا كان والد ألويس هو يوهان جورج فون أو يوهان نيبوموك) كلارا هتلر، التي ولد معها خمسة أطفال، وصل منهم لسن البلوغ اثنين فقط: أدولف هتلر وباولا.

في صباح يوم 3 يناير 1903، ذهب الويس للحانة كعادته ليحتسي كأس من النبيذ، بدأ في مطالعة الصحف، وانهار هناك. واقتيد إلى غرفة مجاورة، وأحضر الطبيب، لكن ألويس هتلر فارق الحياة، على الأرجع بسبب الانصباب الجنبي، في سن 65 عاما.

مراجع

رومان كاثوليك نمساويون
عائلة هتلر
مواليد 1837
موظفو خدمة مدنية نمساويون
نحالون نمساويون
نمساويون في القرن 19
نمساويون في القرن 20
وفيات 1903
وفيات بسبب النزيف
وفيات بسبب نوبة قلبية
وفيات في لينتس

ألويس هتلر


The Avenue (previously known as The Grand Avenue, The Shops of Grand Avenue and Shops of Grand Avenue) is an urban shopping plaza currently under renovation that spans three city blocks in the downtown neighborhood of Westown in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. There is one store anchored by T.J. Maxx and GRAEF-USA Incorporated, and three vacant spaces last occupied by Old Navy, OfficeMax, and Linens 'n Things.

The Avenue has been the only major indoor shopping facility in the city of Milwaukee proper with the closing of Capitol Court in 2000 and the Northridge Mall in 2003 due to competition from newly renovated malls in nearby suburbs.

History

Grand Avenue opened in 1982 and hosted over 80 specialty stores, along with what was at one time the largest food court in Wisconsin.

The shopping center was named after a bustling merchant street during the 19th century, Grand Avenue (the portion of the present day Wisconsin Avenue west of the Milwaukee River). A main portion of The Shops of Grand Avenue encompasses the former Plankinton Arcade with many of its original features still intact including the statue of John Plankinton in the center of the circular atrium. The Arcade replaced the Plankinton House Hotel on the same site.

Grand Avenue was opened during a time when many downtown retail centers in major cities were shutting down.  It sought to avoid these problems by relying on locally owned shops that cater to the "urban" tastes of the nearby populace, in addition to the national chain-stores it houses such as the anchor T.J. Maxx. Because of limited street/surface parking, an adjacent south ramp provides hourly fee parking, costs heavily offset by mall purchase validation.

At one time, the mall also featured Marshall Field's (Gimbels until 1986) on the east edge of the mall, but the location closed in 1997.  The building that housed it, now ASQ Center, is still connected to The Avenue by a skywalk and features a Residence Inn, although it is not technically part of The Avenue. With the east addition of the downtown YMCA, their circling walking track has views down to Grand Plankinton Concourse through skylights.

TJ Maxx and Linens 'n Things were added in 2002.

In 2005, New York-based Ashkenazy Acquisition Corp purchased The Shops of Grand Avenue for $31.7 million. Due to the economic downfall and its impact on the Milwaukee metropolitan area, by 2009 the mall had lost many key tenants. In 2012 the mall was foreclosed upon and was put up for auction in October 2013. New York based real estate firm Alliance Capital Invest won with a final bid of $16.5 million. After struggling to improve performance, the mall was sold to a local ownership group for $24.6 million in December 2015.

On December 6, 2018, new plans for the existing space were announced as well as the space's new name, The Avenue. The former third floor food court will become office space for GRAEF-USA Incorporated. A new food hall will open on the ground floor named 3rd Street Market Hall, late in 2019. In addition, the 52 unit Plankinton Clover Apartments will replace some of the former retail space.

See also
Statue of John Plankinton

Gallery

References

External links
 Official site
 The old Plankinton House Hotel and Oscar Wilde

Economy of Milwaukee
Shopping malls in Wisconsin
Shopping malls established in 1982
1982 establishments in Wisconsin
Downtown Milwaukee

The Avenue (Milwaukee)


Les élections locales jordaniennes de 2022 ont lieu le  afin de renouveler pour quatre ans les conseillers des municipalités, localités et gouvernorats de Jordanie. Le scrutin a lieu un an plus tard que prévu à la suite de la pandémie de Covid-19.

Un total de  électeurs sont appelés à se rendre aux urnes pour départager  candidats aux postes de maire, de conseiller municipal ou de conseiller gouvernoral. La capitale Amman dispose notamment d'un statut propre en tant que Municipalité du Grand Amman.

La participation au niveau national s'établit à 29,64 %. Elle dépasse 60 % dans les gouvernorats d'Ajloun et de Mafraq mais reste inférieure à 15 % à Amman.

Notes et références

Jordanie
2022 en Jordanie
Politique en mars 2022
Élection en Jordanie

Élections locales jordaniennes de 2022


Agrilus sommailae é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Baudon, 1965.

Referências

sommailae

Agrilus sommailae


Ria Dawn Percival (* 7. Dezember 1989 in Brentwood) ist eine neuseeländische Fußballspielerin, die für Tottenham Hotspur WFC spielt und Rekordspielerin der neuseeländischen Nationalmannschaft der Frauen ist.

Karriere

Vereine
Nach Stationen in England bei Colchester United, Neuseeland bei Lynn-Avon United sowie in der nordamerikanischen W-League beim FC Indiana und Ottawa Fury wechselte Percival im Sommer 2011 in die deutsche Fußball-Bundesliga zum 1. FFC Frankfurt. Ihr Debüt für Frankfurt hatte sie am ersten Spieltag der Saison 2011/12 bei einem Heimsieg gegen die SG Essen-Schönebeck. Zum Ende der Saison 2011/12 verließ sie Frankfurt und unterschrieb am 9. Mai 2012 einen Vertrag beim FF USV Jena. Nach vier Jahren verlängerte Percival im Sommer 2016 ihren Vertrag nicht und verließ den FF USV Jena. Im Anschluss unterschrieb sie beim FC Basel, zu dem sie gemeinsam mit ihrer Mannschaftskollegin Stenia Michel wechselte. Mit Basel wurde sie in der Saison 2017/18 Vizemeister. Zur Saison 2018/19 wechselte sie zu West Ham United. Der Verein hatte für die FA Women's Premier League für die neue Saison eine Lizenz erhalten. 2019 wechselte Percival zu Tottenham Hotspur.

Nationalmannschaft
Percival spielte für die U-20-Auswahl ihres Landes bei den U-20-Weltmeisterschaften 2006 und 2008, schied dabei aber jeweils in der Vorrunde aus.

Ihr Debüt in der A-Nationalmannschaft gab sie am 14. November 2006 bei einem Spiel gegen China. Sie war Teil der Auswahlen ihres Landes bei den Fußball-Weltmeisterschaften 2007, 2011 und 2015 sowie bei den Olympischen Sommerspielen 2008 und Olympischen Sommerspielen 2012. Percival machte ihr 50. Länderspiel am 9. März 2011 im Alter von 21 Jahren und 94 Tagen, was sie zur jüngsten Spielerin in der Geschichte der neuseeländischen Nationalmannschaft machte, die diese Marke erreichen konnte.

Am 8. Februar 2015 machte sie beim 1:1 gegen Nordkorea als zweite Neuseeländerin nach Abby Erceg ihr 100. Länderspiel.

Auch für die Olympischen Spiele 2016 wurde sie nominiert. Percival wurde in den drei Gruppenspielen eingesetzt nach denen Neuseeland ausschied.

Am 25. November 2018 löste sie beim 10:0-Sieg gegen Fidschi im Rahmen der Fußball-Ozeanienmeisterschaft der Frauen 2018 mit ihrem 133. Länderspiel die zurückgetretene Abby Erceg als Rekordnationalspielerin Neuseelands ab. Die Neuseeländerinnen gewannen das Turnier mit fünf Siegen und erzielten dabei 43 Tore. Damit qualifizierten sie sich für die WM 2019 und die Olympischen Spiele 2020. Ende April 2019 wurde sie für die WM in Frankreich nominiert. Sie kam in den drei Gruppenspielen zum Einsatz, die knapp verloren wurden, so dass die Neuseeländerinnen ausschieden. Am 10. März 2020 bestritt sie im Spiel um Platz 3 des Algarve-Cup 2020 gegen Norwegen ihr 150. Länderspiel.

Von ihren bisher 15 Toren erzielte sie neun bei Ozeanienmeisterschaften (2007:2, 2010:4, 2014:2 und 2018:1), die sie mit ihrer Mannschaft jeweils gewann.

Sie wurde für die WM 2023 nominiert, kam in jedem der drei Spiele ihres Teams zum Einsatz und schied mit ihrer Mannschaft nach der Vorrunde aus.

Erfolge
 Ozeanienmeister: 2007, 2010, 2014 und 2018

Auszeichnungen
 Goldener Ball als beste Spielerin der Fußball-Ozeanienmeisterschaft der Frauen 2010

Weblinks

 Percival auf der Webseite der NZF

 The Ultimate New Zealand Soccer Website: Percival

Einzelnachweise

Fußballnationalspieler (Neuseeland)
Fußballspieler (Lynn-Avon United)
Fußballspieler (Ottawa Fury)
Fußballspieler (1. FFC Frankfurt)
Fußballspieler (FF USV Jena)
Fußballspieler (FC Basel)
Fußballspieler (FC Indiana)
Fußballspieler (West Ham United)
Olympiateilnehmer (Neuseeland)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2008
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2012
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2016
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2020
Teilnehmer an einer Fußball-Weltmeisterschaft (Neuseeland)
Neuseeländer
Geboren 1989
Frau

Ria Percival


A merchant aircraft carrier (also known as a MAC ship, the Admiralty's official 'short name') was a limited-purpose aircraft carrier operated under British and Dutch civilian registry during World War II.  MAC ships were adapted by adding a flight deck to a bulk grain ship or oil tanker enabling it to operate anti-submarine aircraft in support of Allied convoys during the Battle of the Atlantic.

Despite their quasi-military function, MAC ships retained their mercantile status, continued to carry cargo and operated under civilian command.  MAC ships entered service from May 1943 when they began to supplement and supplant escort carriers, and remained operational until the end of the war in Europe.

Development
In 1940, Captain M. S. Slattery RN, Director of Air Material at the Admiralty, proposed a scheme for converting merchant ships into aircraft carriers as a follow-up to the CAM ship project. Slattery proposed fitting a flight deck equipped with two arrester wires and a safety barrier onto an existing merchant ship hull.  The resulting 'auxiliary fighter carrier' would be capable of operating six Hurricane fighters while retaining its cargo-carrying ability. The stumbling block for Slattery's proposal turned out to be objections from the Ministry of Supply that combining the merchant and aircraft carrier roles would be too complicated. While this would turn out to be over-stated, it seems to have had the effect of diverting attention away from the idea of hybrid merchant-warships towards the alternative of converting merchant ships into fully-fledged warships designated 'auxiliary aircraft carriers', the first of which, converted from the captured German cargo ship Hannover, entered service as Empire Audacity (later ) in June 1941.

The hybrid concept re-emerged early in 1942 when, in the face of mounting losses from U-boat attacks, it became apparent that escort carriers building in the US could not be delivered quickly enough in the numbers required. Various people have been credited with re-inventing the idea, including Captain B. B. Schofield RN, Director Trade Division, and John Lamb, Marine Technical Manager of the Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company. Sir James Lithgow, Controller of Merchant Shipbuilding and Repair and joint-owner of Lithgows Ltd, the Clyde-based shipbuilders, also helped overcome Admiralty reservations about MAC ships. Lithgow is said to have sketched a rough design for one on the back of an envelope and offered to convert two ships about to be built at his family's shipyard on condition that "I am not interfered with by the Admiralty". While the timing of Lithgow's possibly apocryphal intervention is uncertain, his deputy, Sir Amos Ayre, the Director of Merchant Shipbuilding, was certainly discussing the requirements for MAC ships by May 1942. Ayre himself credits Sir Douglas Thomson of Ben Line and the Ministry of War Transport with having first suggested the idea.

There was some initial resistance to the MAC ship concept, in particular through concerns about operating aircraft from short, relatively slow ships. The Admiralty considered that a flight deck length of  was needed for safe take-offs and landings and a speed of . to provide a sufficient margin over convoy speeds and they were especially doubtful that tankers, with their low freeboards and volatile cargoes, could be utilised. As the U-boat situation worsened, however, such concerns were out-weighed by the urgent need to provide convoy air support, and once it was accepted that the grain ship variant at least could be made to work, the Admiralty became more enthusiastic about the project.

By September 1942, the Admiralty was asking for "about 50" MAC ships to be made available, to allow one to be included in every North Atlantic convoy and in October the requirement was set at 52. This ambitious target had been scaled back to 40 by the time the MAC ship project was formally endorsed by the War Cabinet in October 1942, but it was apparent that even this reduced number could not be produced sufficiently quickly without American help. The US was therefore asked to begin construction of 30 MAC ships to be delivered during the first half of 1943, but a Navy Department committee specially formed to consider the request turned it down because of concerns about the experimental nature of the ships. In the event, all the MAC ships were built and/or converted in British shipyards.

Conversion programme

The first two MAC ships were ordered in June 1942 from the Burntisland Shipbuilding Company on the Firth of Forth and William Denny & Brothers of Dumbarton.  These ships, which were not strictly conversions but brand-new grain ships that had not yet been laid down, would eventually enter service as  and  respectively.  Empire MacAlpine was launched on 23 December 1942 and completed more-or-less on schedule on 21 April 1943.  Five more new-build grain ships, , , ,  and  followed at approximately two-month intervals, with Empire MacDermott entering service in March 1944.

By late September 1942 it was finally agreed that tanker-MAC ships could be operated safely subject to various limitations about the cargoes they would be allowed to carry.  Four new-build tankers were scheduled for conversion but work on these did not start until May 1943.  entered service in October 1943, followed at intervals by ,  and  in November 1943. Additional hulls were still needed, however, and it was decided that existing tankers would have to be withdrawn from trade. The most efficient way to approach the task of converting these was to select ships of similar design and, at the beginning of 1943, the Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Company, which had actively promoted the MAC ship concept, offered up its entire fleet of British-registered 'Triple Twelve' tankers (sometimes referred to as the  class) for government charter.

The desirability of converting foreign-owned tankers was also considered and in January 1943 the Ministry of War Transport asked the Norwegian government-in-exile if the modern Norwegian tanker  could be converted to a MAC ship under British command.  The initial response was not helpful with Norway insisting on financial arrangements that War Transport officials described as "wholly unreasonable as between allies", but although these were later ameliorated, the proposal eventually foundered because the design effort was judged too much for what would have been a one-off conversion. At about the same time however, a further three tankers of the same class as the Anglo-Saxon 'Triple Twelves' were identified operating under Dutch registry (Anglo-Saxon Petroleum was a subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell).  The Netherlands authorities approved the British request but on condition that the ships, as MAC ships, would fly the Dutch flag and be under Dutch civilian command to which the Admiralty, citing potential language difficulties, only reluctantly agreed. In the event, only two of the Dutch ships were taken up as MAC ships but these,  and , crewed entirely by Dutch merchant seamen and with aircraft flights drawn from the Royal Netherlands Navy-manned 860 Naval Air Squadron would have the distinction of becoming the Netherlands' first aircraft carriers.

Civilian status

Despite their military appearance and combatant function, MAC ships were civilian ships that did not appear in the Navy List nor were they commanded by commissioned officers: this unusual status is one of their defining characteristics.  The hybrid nature of the MAC ships raised from the outset the question of whether they would be commissioned warships like the new escort carriers, or if they would operate as merchant ships under the Red Ensign like the earlier CAM ships.  The Admiralty's preference was to operate them as regular warships but it soon became clear that there were not enough personnel available to man them to naval standards without causing serious shortfalls in other areas, in particular the large numbers of escort carriers that would soon arrive. The Admiralty and Ministry of War Transport therefore agreed that the MAC ships would be civilian-manned.  Serious reservations about the proposed civilian status were raised, however, by Foreign Office officials, who were concerned that the ships would be de facto warships under international law but, without the protection afforded by the 1907 Hague Convention which applied only to members of the armed forces, their civilian crews would be liable to be treated as unlawful combatants, or francs-tireurs. The potential for such action had been clearly demonstrated by the execution in 1916 of Captain Charles Fryatt, for attempting to ram a U-boat with his cross-Channel ferry.  The risk to MAC ship crews was considered so great that it was explicitly put before the War Cabinet:

The War Cabinet ordered a review of the situation but the manning difficulties could not be resolved.  The Foreign Office reluctantly agreed that the MAC ships would have to operate under the Red Ensign, provided that the merchant seamen and their unions were made aware of the risks involved, and that every possible precaution would be taken to ensure that the men did not fall into enemy hands. In the event, there is little to suggest that the MAC ships' crews were ever formally notified that they might be at special risk.  There is evidence, however, that the authorities remained sensitive about the status of MAC ships which were specifically excluded from the publicity that was arranged for other 'special service' merchant ships, e.g. rescue ships. As late as September 1944, masters were reminded to point out to their crews the need to maintain secrecy about the MAC ships' operations and functions.

Ship details

The new-build grain carrier MAC ships were based on the Ministry of War Transport's standard tramp hull which could just accommodate the Admiralty's revised requirement for a flight deck of not less than  length and  breadth. They were eventually built with flight decks of between .  The standard design used for the new-build tankers enabled a longer flight deck of approximately  with minor variations between individual ships. An important enhancement was specified for the MAC ships' machinery.  A standard diesel tramp engine developed  to give a service speed of . but to provide some margin for flying operations, all the new-build MAC ships were fitted with engines rated at  which, in the grain ships, produced a speed of about . The new-build tankers with their higher displacements were still capable of 11 knots. as were the pre-existing 'Triple Twelves'. The most obvious modification was the flight deck and its supporting structure which was arranged in sections (three on the grain ships; four in the case of tankers) with expansion joints between each. The flight deck was built at the level that would normally have been occupied by the wheelhouse and in the 'Triple Twelves' this entailed removal of the existing wheelhouse and the funnel.  The space immediately under the flight deck was utilised for the arrester gear mechanisms, four wires to each MAC ship with an additional unit fitted to the tankers to operate the trickle wire and safety barrier. A small island structure contained the bridge and wheelhouse and, in the tanker MAC ships, a chartroom that could be used as a pilots' briefing room. Less apparent modifications included; accommodation for 107 crew (about 50 more than normal); improved internal subdivision; additional ventilation, including exhaust arrangements that could be adjusted to vent to the leeward side; changes to lifeboat positions; and magazines for the safe stowage of bombs, depth charges, ammunition and pyrotechnics. There were minor variations between the types.  In the grain MAC ships, the armament sponsons or 'zarebas' could not project outboard of the moulded line of the hull which necessitated them encroaching onto the flight deck area so that the ship would not be prevented from using commercial berths, but this constraint did not apply to the tankers whose zarebas were extended outboard of the side.  One centre cargo tank in each tanker was adapted for the carriage of aircraft fuel (or 'Avgas') but in the grain ships this necessitated a special compartment containing two pressurised fuel tanks, together with a control room and associated piping.

The most significant difference between the grain ship and tanker MAC ships was the provision of hangar space within the grain ships.  The three after holds were converted to provide a hangar  long,  wide to a height of  in which the ship's full complement of four Fairey Swordfish biplane aircraft could be stowed with wings folded. An elevator platform could lift a fully loaded aircraft from hangar to deck level in less than a minute. It was impracticable to fit tanker MAC ships with a hangar as this would have entailed very extensive structural alterations and a significant reduction in cargo capacity.  Although capable of operating four aircraft, tanker MAC ships normally embarked three, which all had to be kept on deck:  parked aircraft had to be moved to the forward end when other aircraft were landing on, and a collapsible safety barrier was fitted to prevent collisions.  Hinged side screens or 'palisades' were fitted around the aft end of the flight deck to provide weather protection for parked aircraft but with only limited effect.

The net result of the modifications was a reduction in cargo capacity of about 10% in the case of the tankers, but almost 30% for the grain ships, the higher figure on account of the space taken up by the hangar. The modifications themselves were conceptually simple and with standardised designs and extensive use (about 51% by weight of steel) of prefabricated components, the average conversion time was just over five months, but there were significant differences between the average time required to convert new-builds (about 14 weeks) and existing ships (about 27 weeks). There were wide variations within groups; the first 'Triple Twelve', Rapana, was converted in five months while the final one, Macoma, took ten months. Delays arose through a variety of reasons, including labour relations and conflicting priorities in the shipyards, but the supply of arrester gear which was also in high demand for the escort carrier programme was a particular bottleneck that limited the rate at which MAC ships could be completed.

The 'Triple Twelves' retained their original names, but the new-builds were given the prefix "Empire" in accordance with the policy for ships owned by the Ministry of War Transport and names that began with "Mac-", in a reference to their designation as MAC ships.  which was originally to have been named Empire MacKenzie had the unusual distinction of being renamed while still under construction in tribute to , whose captain, Commander D. W. McKendrick RN, had been killed when she was sunk on convoy escort duty in 1941. Eventually, to avoid confusion with ordinary merchant ships, the Admiralty formally directed that MAC ships should be designated 'MAC Ship' in all correspondence.

Cargo arrangements

Although the most distinctive feature of MACs is their aircraft carrier function, they were conceived at a time when a shortage of shipping capacity threatened to undermine the Allied invasion of North Africa and beyond, and careful planning was needed to maximise their military effectiveness with as little detriment as possible to the carriage of cargo. In their trading role, MACs operated under the aegis of the Ministry of War Transport, with day-to-day management falling to their owners or allotted shipping companies, while control of military aspects fell to the Admiralty, with a new section (the Trade Division DEMS Air Section) specially set up to act as co-ordinating authority.

The MAC ships operated on the North Atlantic route primarily in support of the 'ON' and 'HX' series of convoys.  An alternative plan to operate tanker MACs with CU convoys between the United Kingdom and Curaçao was rejected because convoys on that route were too fast. Tankers on the North Atlantic route ordinarily loaded at New York City, but this was undesirable for the MACs because it would have been militarily wasteful to run them between the ON/HX landfall port of Halifax, Nova Scotia and New York, where convoys were already under the umbrella of land-based aircraft.  An 'oil pool' was therefore established at Halifax specifically to enable the tanker MACs to load there, while grain MACs were already able to use the port's pre-existing bulk loading facility. The Firth of Clyde was initially designated as the UK terminus for all MAC cargoes because of its superior aviation training facilities. On discovering that it would take more than a week to unload a single ship at the un-modernised facility in Glasgow, it was decided that grain MACs would discharge at Alexandra Dock, Liverpool, where two grain ships could be unloaded simultaneously in thirty-six hours. Tanker MACs normally discharged on the Clyde, with the Mersey as an alternative.

Aviation arrangements

There were widely differing opinions about the arrangements needed to support the MAC ships' aviation function.  The Director of Trade Division, who had overall responsibility for co-ordination within the Admiralty, envisaged forming a new headquarters organisation to oversee MAC ship aviation. The Director of Naval Air Organisation disagreed on the basis that MAC ships were an adjunct to the main escort carrier programme, and said that their aircraft should be provided on an ad hoc basis from the squadrons earmarked for escort carriers, having earlier suggested that there might be few, if any, aircraft and crews available for MAC ships. However, when the escort carrier HMS Dasher exploded and sank in March 1943 it freed up a squadron's-worth of Swordfish aircraft and in June, just after Empire MacAlpine entered service, it was announced that No. 836 Naval Air Squadron (NAS) was to relocate from Machrihanish to Belfast in Northern Ireland with nine aircraft as a core for the MAC ships, in addition to providing a common pool for the escort carriers. Before this could be put into place, it was decided that 836 NAS would move instead to Royal Naval Air Station (RNAS) Maydown, in County Londonderry (later named HMS Shrike) to become the nucleus squadron for MAC ships and that the MAC ship headquarters unit would be formed there. 840 Naval Air Squadron operated briefly from Empire MacAndrew until reorganised as M flight of 836 Squadron in August 1943. Also based at Maydown would be the Royal Netherlands Navy-manned No. 860 Naval Air Squadron, responsible for providing aircraft for the two Dutch MAC ships, Gadila and Macoma.

Aircraft

The only aircraft types to be flown operationally from MAC ships were the Fairey Swordfish Mks. II and III.  The flight deck was only  wider than the Swordfish wing span, and a Swordfish fully loaded with RP-3 rockets and depth charges might require rocket-assisted take-off gear (RATOG) to launch in unfavourable wind conditions. The normal complement of aircraft was four on grain ships and three on tankers.  The tankers were, however, capable of routinely carrying four aircraft and the Dutch MACs Gadila and Macoma did so on a number of occasions, while the only report of four aircraft on board a British tanker related to an emergency diversion. Lieutenant (later Captain) Eric "Winkle" Brown made a trial landing of a Martlet fighter onto Amastra in October 1943 when the use of MACs in the Pacific was being briefly considered.

MAC ship crews
MAC ship crews were substantially larger than ordinary merchant ships of similar types.  In addition to the air party, they carried extra Merchant Navy radio officers, engineer officers (to maintain and operate the arrester gear), catering staff and, because the total number of crew would exceed 100, a doctor, as required by the Merchant Shipping Act. In practice, it proved difficult to find civilian doctors and medical officers were normally provided by the Royal Navy.

Air party

The air party were responsible for flying and supporting the aircraft. The official manning scale comprised a lieutenant commander RN or RNVR who, as Air Staff Officer, was the master's principal adviser on naval and aviation matters; a pilot, observer and air gunner for each aircraft carried; three signalmen; five communications and armament ratings; and at least seventeen aircraft fitters.  A seventeen-strong DEMS team of RN and Royal Artillery personnel looked after the MAC ships' substantial defensive armament.  To comply with the Board of Trade regulations, all naval and military personnel were signed onto the ship's Articles as supernumerary crew members, for which they received a nominal payment of one shilling per month and the more tangible reward of one can of beer per day.  They also received a small 'Merchant Navy' badge, which many apparently wore on their uniforms with cheerful disregard for regulations.

Operational effectiveness
By the time the MAC ships entered service the Battle of the Atlantic had already swung permanently in the Allies' favour through a variety of converging factors. From the beginning of 1944 almost every convoy  outbound from the British Isles to North America (ON) and  Halifax convoys (HX) that went east-bound to the British Isles contained at least one MAC ship and frequently more. Although MAC ship Swordfish made a dozen attacks, no U-boat was ever destroyed by the four thousand sorties flown from the nineteen MAC ships. Nevertheless, according to the official Naval Staff History:

"Frequently when there were no kills it was the very presence of aircraft, carrier-borne or shore-based, or both which prevented the development of the attack by a concentration of U-boats on the convoy and which allowed it to continue on its way unmolested."

It is sometimes claimed that MAC ships enjoyed a near-perfect record in preventing U-boat attacks.  In fact, a number of ships were lost to U-boats while sailing in convoys protected by MACs, including six merchantmen and three escorts from the combined convoys ONS 18/ON 202, despite the presence of MAC Ship Empire MacAlpine, and two merchantmen and an escort from SC 143 protected by Rapana. There can be little doubt, however, that the MAC ships' contribution to the Battle of the Atlantic was important and highly valued by the seafarers they protected.  Merchant ship masters at a pre-convoy conference are said to have cheered when told that a MAC ship would be sailing with the convoy.

Early in 1944 it was agreed that MAC ships could be used to help clear a backlog of more than 500 aircraft awaiting shipment to the United Kingdom and, as the year progressed, a number of MAC ships made non-operational ferry crossings with full deck cargoes of aircraft. In September 1944, some MAC ships were fitted with equipment to refuel escorts by means of a hose streamed over the stern. By this time it was becoming apparent that all nineteen MAC ships were no longer required to protect Atlantic convoys.  The possibility of using them in the Pacific as aircraft carriers or fleet oilers had been considered earlier but rejected on the grounds of cost-effectiveness and in September/October 1944, Acavus, Amastra, Ancylus and Rapana were taken out of service for reinstatement as conventional merchant ships at an estimated cost to the Government of £40,000 each. The remaining MAC ships were released for reinstatement at the end of May 1945.

MAC Ships

New-build grain carriers
Approximately 8,000 tons deep load, 12 knots, 4 aircraft, crew 107, entered service April 1943 – March 1944. Operated by the Hain Steamship Company except Empire MacAlpine and Empire MacKendrick which were operated by Ben Line Steamers.  Equipped with hangar and lift. Armament: 1 x single 4 in (102 mm) QF MK IV, 2 x single 40 mm Bofors, 4 x single 20 mm Oerlikon cannons.
 MV Empire MacAlpine
 MV Empire MacAndrew
 MV Empire MacCallum
 MV Empire MacDermott
 MV Empire MacKendrick
 MV Empire MacRae

New-build oil tankers
Approximately 9,000 tons deep load, 11 knots, 3/4 aircraft, crew 122, entered service October – December 1943. Operated by the British Tanker Company except Empire MacKay which was operated by Anglo Saxon Petroleum. No hangar and lift; aircraft maintained and stored on deck. Armament: 1 x single 4 in (102 mm) QF MK IV, 8 x single 20 mm Oerlikon cannons.
 MV Empire MacCabe
 MV Empire MacColl
 MV Empire MacKay
 MV Empire MacMahon

'Triple Twelve' oil tankers
8,000 tons standard, 16,000 tons deep load, 12 knots, 3/4 aircraft, crew 118 (64 RN plus 54 MN), entered service (as MACs) July 1943 – May 1944. Operated by Anglo Saxon Petroleum except Gadila and Macoma which were under Dutch registry. No hangar and lift; aircraft maintained and stored on deck. Armament: 1 x single 4 in (102 mm) QF MK IV, 2 x single 40 mm Bofors, 6 x single 20 mm Oerlikon cannons. These ships were called Triple Twelves because with a deadweight tonnage of 12,000 each consumed 12 tons of fuel per day at a speed of twelve knots.
 MV Acavus
 MV Adula
 MV Alexia
 MV Amastra
 MV Ancylus: operated Swordfish II of 'O' Flight, 860 NAS
 MV Gadila: operated under Dutch registry with Swordfish of 'S' Flight, 860 NAS
 MV Macoma: operated under Dutch registry with Swordfish of 'O' (later 'F') Flight, 860 NAS
 MV Miralda
 MV Rapana: operated Swordfish II of 'L' Flight, 836 NAS

Amastra and Ancylus ceased operating Swordfish in late 1944, the empty decks often being used to ferry aircraft from the US to the UK.

See also
 CAM ship
 Aircraft cruiser
 Fighter catapult armed auxiliary ship
 Armed merchantman
 List of aircraft carriers of World War II

References

External links

 World Aircraft Carriers List Photo Gallery: Dutch Aircraft Carriers
 Misc: Merchant Aircraft Carrier Empire MacRae

Ship types
Aircraft carriers

Vehicles introduced in 1941

Merchant aircraft carrier


Bozören, Sakarya ilinin Geyve ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Bozören Köyü'nün eski ismi olan Bozviran, Bozören olarak değiştirildi.

Coğrafya
Sakarya il merkezine 47 km, Geyve ilçesine 10 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

 Yerelnet

Geyve'nin mahalleleri

Bozören, Geyve


An Syngonanthus tenuis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carl Sigismund Kunth, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Wilhelm Willy Otto Eugen Ruhland. An Syngonanthus tenuis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Syngonanthus, ngan familia nga Eriocaulaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 S. t. bulbifer
 S. t. tenuis

Mga kasarigan

Syngonanthus

Syngonanthus tenuis


Archibald "Archie" Glen (født 16. april 1929, død 30. august 1998) var en skotsk fodboldspiller (winghalf).

På klubplan tilbragte Glen hele sin aktive karriere, fra 1948 til 1960, hos Aberdeen F.C. Her var han i 1955 med til at sikre klubben det skotske mesterskab samt sejr i Liga Cuppen.

Glen spillede desuden to kampe for Skotlands landshold mod henholdsvis Nordirland og England.

Titler
Skotsk mesterskab
 1955 med Aberdeen

Scottish League Cup
 1955 med Aberdeen

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Skotland
Fodboldspillere fra Aberdeen F.C.

Archie Glen


An Polystachya modesta in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach. An Polystachya modesta in nahilalakip ha genus nga Polystachya, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Polystachya

Polystachya modesta


A cloud is a visible mass of condensed droplets or frozen crystals suspended in the atmosphere.

Cloud(s, y) may also refer to:

Arts, entertainment, and media

Fictional characters
Cloud Strife, a character from Final Fantasy VII
Bou Keng Wan or Cloud, a character in Fung Wan

Literature
Clouds, a 1977 philosophical comedic play by Michael Frayn
The Clouds, a comedy play by Aristophanes, originally produced at the City Dionysia in 423 BC
The Clouds, a 1797 play by Richard Cumberland
The Clouds (Las nubes), a 1997 novel by Juan José Saer

Music

Cloud (music), a sound mass consisting of statistical clouds of microsounds
Clouds (60s rock band), a Scottish music group
The Clouds (Australian band), an indie rock group in the 1990s
The Clouds (Scottish band), an indie pop band from the 1980s
The Clouds (Manchester band), an indie pop band from the 1990s

Classical and jazz compositions
Clouds, a composition by Berthold Goldschmidt
Clouds, a composition by Charles Griffes
Clouds, a composition by Ned Rorem
"The Clouds" (composition)

Albums
Clouds (Apollo Brown album) (2011)
Clouds (EP), an EP by Nosound
Clouds (Gaussian Curve album) (2015)
Clouds (Joni Mitchell album) (1969)
Clouds (Lee Ranaldo album) (1997)
Clouds (Tiamat album) (1992)
Clouds (The Mixtape), a mixtape by NF (2021)

Songs
 "Cloudy" (song), a song by Simon & Garfunkel
 "Clouds" (Zach Sobiech song)
 "Both Sides, Now" or "Clouds", a song by Joni Mitchell
 "Clouds", a song by Chaka Khan from Naughty
 "Clouds", a song by Level 42 from Retroglide
 "Clouds", a song by One Direction from Four
 "Clouds", a song by Redrama (feat. A. J. McLean) from Reflection
 "Clouds", a song by Spires That in the Sunset Rise from This Is Fire
 "Clouds", a track by Slayyyter from her album Troubled Paradise
 "Clouds", a 2013 song by Travis Garland from Travis Garland
 "Clouds" (NF song), 2021
 "Clouds", a 2020 song by Steps from the album What the Future Holds
 "Cloudy", a song by Average White Band from Cut the Cake

Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media
Cloud (video game), a 2005 third-person computer puzzle game
Clouds (2000 film), an American film by Don Thompson
Clouds (2020 film), an American drama film by Justin Baldoni
"Cloudy", a 2017 episode of "Elements" from Adventure Time

Information technology
Cloud (operating system), an operating system by Good OS
Cloud computing, Internet-based development and use of computer technology stored on servers rather than the client computers
Cloud storage, a model of networked online storage
Cloud.com, software developer of Apache CloudStack
Google Cloud, a name used by Google for several different offerings from time to time

People with the name
Cloud (dancer) (born 1983), American dancer
Cloud (surname)
Clodoald or Cloud (522–560), son of King Chlodomer of Orleans

Places
Cloud County, Kansas
Clouds, Tennessee, an unincorporated community
Saint Cloud, Minnesota
Saint-Cloud, a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France

Other uses
CLOUD Act (the Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act), a United States federal bill
CLOUD experiment, to investigate the microphysics between galactic cosmic rays and clouds
Clouds House, a country house in Wiltshire, England
Fascinator or cloud, a lightweight head-wrap

See also
Cloudberry
Cloud Nine (disambiguation)
Google Cloud
Red Cloud (disambiguation)
St. Cloud (disambiguation)
The Cloud (disambiguation)
White Cloud (disambiguation)

Cloud (disambiguation)


Checks and Balances is a group of conservative and libertarian attorneys that was formed in November 2018. It is composed of some members of the conservative-libertarian Federalist Society, which had assisted the Trump administration in selecting appointees for federal courts. Charter members of the new  organization included, George Conway, Tom Ridge, Peter Keisler, Jonathan H. Adler, Orin Kerr, Lori S. Meyer, Paul McNulty, Phillip D. Brady, John B. Bellinger III, Carrie Cordero, Marisa C. Maleck, Alan Charles Raul, and Paul Rosenzweig, amongst others. The group was formed to provide a conservative legal voice for responses when, in its words, "Trump attacks the Justice Department and the news media".

Organization member Peter Keisler said the group had received an "overwhelmingly positive response", including from Federalist Society members, however, the formation of the group was sharply criticized by Federalist Society leader Leonard Leo, saying he found "the underlying premise of the group rather offensive".

On October 10, 2019, the group released a statement offering its legal reasoning for an "expeditious" impeachment probe into President Trump. Citing the Special Counsel's report, which highlights that the "Trump 2016 campaign was open to and enthusiastic about receiving Russian government-facilitated assistance to gain an advantage in the previous election", it outlined the recent facts regarding Trump's attempts to put pressure on Ukraine for his personal and political benefit. After the statement by Checks and Balances was published, organization member George Conway said that the White House letter (reported by the Daily Beast as mostly written by Trump), refusing to cooperate in the House of Representatives impeachment hearings, was "trash".

See also
Impeachment trial of Donald Trump following Impeachment inquiry against Donald Trump
Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections
Timeline of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections (July 2016 – election day)

References

Legal organizations based in the United States
Organizations established in 2018
Political advocacy groups in the United States
Conservative organizations in the United States
Libertarian organizations

Checks and Balances (organization)


නර්තනයේ දි යමක් අගවන අයුරින් නිරූපනය කර දැක්විම නර්තන අංකනයයි. එය සංගිත ප්‍රභන්ධන අංකනයට යම් තරමින් සමනා කම් දැක්වුවත් විවිධ ලෙස විළුඹ හා පයේ ඇගිලි ශබ්ද වන සේ බිම ඇනිමෙන් කරනු ලබන නැටුම් විශේෂයේදී මිනිසාට නියත වු චාරිත්‍ර, ආචාර පිළිවෙත දැකිය හැකිය. නර්තනයේදි මේ පිළිබදව අඩංගු වන විවිධ නිරූපන ක්‍රමයක් ඇත.

•	වෙන් කොට යමක් ඇගවිම.

•	හැඩය නිරෑපනය.

•	සිතියම් ලකුණු කිරිමේ මග.

•	ගණන් වශයෙන් වු පද්ධතිය/ රීතිය.

•	සංගීත අංකනය.

•	සටහන් අංකනය.

•	ලිපි හා වචන අංකනය.

නර්තනය

නර්තන අංකනයන්


Nasser Benamor (en ), né le  à Béziers, est un joueur international algérien de rugby à XV évoluant au poste de pilier.

Biographie

Carrière en club
Nasser Benamor, né le  à Béziers. Il débute le rugby à l'âge de dix-sept ans à Villeneuve-les-Béziers. Après avoir joué en Fédérale 3 et Fédérale 2 à l'US Carmaux et l'UA Gaillac, il pousse ses premières mêlées à  à Cahors en Fédérale 1 auprès d'Éric Jutge. En 2007, c'est un comité d'experts valenciens composé des Philippe Gallesio, Max Courregelongue, Bernard Delbreil et David Lagrange qui le recrute à l'Avenir valencien. Après avoir entraîné pendant deux saisons les cadets du club en intervenant notamment sur l'atelier de la mêlée. Nasser Benamor devient entraîneur des avants de l'équipe premier en Fédéral 1. Après quinze années de bons et loyaux services en tant que joueur puis entraîneurs, il quitte le club à la fin de la saison 2021-2022.

Carrière internationale
Le 24 février 2007, il a honoré sa première cape internationale lors du premier match de l'équipe d'Algérie, contre la Tunisie, dans une équipe essentiellement composée de joueurs évoluant en espoirs des clubs du Top 14 ou en Fédérale 1.

Le , Nasser Benamor s'envole pour la Malaisie pour disputer la Crescent Cup Rugby Championship, sa première compétition internationale officielle.

Le , Nasser Benamor participe au premier match joué officiellement sur le sol algérien sous l'égide de la fédération algérienne de rugby, contre la Tunisie, au stade Ahmed-Zabana d'Oran, l'Algérie remporte le match 16 à 6.

Le , c'est en tant que capitaine que Nasser Benamor remporte le premier trophée de l'histoire du rugby algérien. L'Algérie s'imposés face à la Zambie , en finale de l'Africa Bronze Cup 2017 au Mufulira Leopards Rugby Club, en Zambie.

Entraîneur
 Depuis 2021 : Entraîneur des avants et entraîneur de la défense de l'équipe d'Algérie de rugby à XV.

Palmarès

En club
 Finaliste du Championnat de France de Fédérale 1 en 2016.

En sélection
 Champion d'Afrique Bronze Cup 2017.

Statistiques

Notes et références

Liens externes

Joueur international algérien de rugby à XV
Naissance en avril 1978
Naissance à Béziers
Pilier (rugby à XV)
Joueur du Cahors rugby
Joueur de l'Avenir valencien

Nasser Benamor


The Horn Papers were a genealogical hoax consisting of forged historical records pertaining to the northeastern United States from 1765 to 1795. They were published by William Franklin Horn (1870–1956) of Topeka, Kansas, between 1933 and 1936, and presented as a transcription of documents of his great-great-great grandfather, Jacob Horn (died 1778), and other members of the Horn family.

Overview
The Horn Papers first appeared publicly in 1932 in letters sent from Topeka to the editors of the Washington, Pennsylvania, Observer and the Waynesburg, Pennsylvania, Democrat-Messenger in which their author claimed to possess important historical documents relating to the area. From 1933 to 1936 the newspapers printed excerpts from Horn's manuscripts and diaries. Horn even moved to his ancestral home of Waynesburg and through speeches became well known as an historical expert.

Material in the papers included diaries, Virginia court records, and maps. They were notable for their great level of detail, especially concerning the lives of the common people. Because the papers appeared to supply information about famous historical figures and to fill gaps in existing historical knowledge, they were received enthusiastically despite some apparent contradictions.

Although a minority opposed Horn, on August 11, 1936 his claims appeared to have been corroborated when he announced that he had dug up two lead plates dated 1795 in a location predicted by the papers.

The apparent find increased the confidence of members of the Greene County, Pennsylvania, Historical Society, who sponsored the reissuing of the papers in book form. In 1945 the papers were published as a three-volume collection entitled The Horn Papers: Early Western Movement on the Monongahela and Upper Ohio, 1765–1795.

A year later, a report by a committee of representatives of historical societies from the region concluded in The William and Mary Quarterly that the first two volumes were substantially hoaxes.

There is no conclusive explanation why W.F. Horn devoted such a great effort to the forgeries. Time magazine attempted to interview Horn in October 1947. According to their report, "In Topeka last week, 77-year-old William Horn said nothing. His wife told newsmen that he had suffered a stroke. As to the Horn Papers, he was 'no longer interested'."

References
 Horn, W. F. [ed.] (1945), The Horn Papers: Early Western Movement on the Monongahela and Upper Ohio, 1765–1795, 3 vols.; Waynesburg, Pennsylvania: Published for a committee of the Greene County Historical Society by The Herald Press, Scottdale, Pennsylvania.
Reprinted in The West Virginia Hillbilly, 1 September to 3 November 1973.
 Middleton, Arthur Pierce & Adair, Douglass (Oct., 1947). "The Mystery of the Horn Papers". The William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd Ser., Vol. 4, No. 4. pp. 409–445.  Reprinted in:
Robin W. Wink, ed., The Historian as Detective: Essays on Evidence (New York: Harper & Row, 1968; retitled as chapter: "The Case of the Men Who Weren't There"), and
Trevor Colbourn, ed., Fame and the Founding Fathers: Essays by Douglass Adair (New York: W.W. Norton, 1974).
Branton, Harriet (1980), Focus on Washington County; 2 Vol. (Washington, Pennsylvania: Observer Publishing Company).
"Education: The Great Horn Swoggle", article in Time, 3 November 1947.
Entry: "The Horn Papers" in Gordon Stein (1993), Encyclopedia of Hoaxes, Gale Research Inc.
Ecenbarger, Bill (2000), Walkin' the Line: A Journey from Past to Present Along the Mason-Dixon; M. Evans & Company, 240 pp. (States erroneously that Horn died in 1949; it was in 1956.)

External links
 Genealogical Hoax – The Horn Papers

Genealogical fraud
Hoaxes in the United States
1930s hoaxes

Horn Papers


Ethel Barrymore (født Ethel Mae Blythe; 15. august 1879, død 18. juni 1959) var en amerikansk teater- og filmskuespiller. Hun er en del af skuespillerfamilien Barrymore.

Hun var søster til John Barrymore og Lionel Barrymore. Hun blev uddannet på en klosterskole og gjorde scenedebut i en alder af 15 år med sin onkel, John Drew, som var sin tids førende skuespillere. Broadway debut i 1900. Winston Churchill friede til hende omkring årsskiftet, men hun sagde nej. Hun giftede sig 1909 med Russell Griswold Colt, men ægteskabet endte i skilsmisse i 1923. Hun vandt en Oscar for bedste kvindelige birolle i 1946, for sin præstation i None But the Lonely Heart. Hun blev nomineret yderligere 3 gange i denne kategori.

Hun var også berømt for hendes humor, store bogsamling og hendes store passion for baseball. Hendes grav ligger ved Calvary Cemetery i Los Angeles. Hun var en troende katolik. Ethel Barrymore Theatre i New York er blevet opkaldt efter hende.

Filmografi
 1932 – Rasputin og Kejserinden
 1944 – None But the Lonely Heart
 1945 – Vindeltrappen
 1947 – Stem på Katie
 1949 – Drømmen om hende
 1949 – Pinky
 1951 – Kind Lady
 1954 – Mit hjertes melodi

Eksterne henvisninger

Skuespillere fra Pennsylvania
Teaterskuespillere fra USA
Filmskuespillere fra USA
Amerikanere i 1800-tallet
Amerikanere i 1900-tallet
Oscar for bedste kvindelige birolle
Personer fra Philadelphia

Ethel Barrymore


Das Kartenhaus, auch Kartenraum genannt, ist ein Deckshaus bzw. ein Raum auf großen Schiffen. Es befindet sich auf oder in der Nähe der Kommandobrücke. Hier werden vom Wachoffizier in Seekarten Geschwindigkeit, Kurs etc. errechnet und im Logbuch urkundlich aufgezeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden hier Seekarten fachgerecht aufbewahrt und ausgelegt. In amtlichen Vorschriften findet das Kartenhaus u. a. Erwähnung im Übereinkommen zum Schutz des menschlichen Lebens auf See (Unterbringung der Funkgeräte) und der Schiffssicherheitsverordnung (Pflicht zur Mitführung des Handbuch für Brücke und Kartenhaus).

Historisch befanden sich auf Segelschiffen die Navigationskarten in der im Achterdeck bzw. unter dem Poopdeck liegenden Kapitänskajüte um die wertvollen Karten dort vor Umwelteinflüssen zu schützen. Mit dem Aufkommen der Großsegler und des Stahlschiffbaus, wurde der noch offene Steuerstand vom Achterdeck auf das neu eingeführte Brückendeck verlegt. (Dreiinselschiff). Bekannte frühe deutsche Vertreter dieser Bauform sind die Flying P-Liner, als  Prototyp die Placilla (1829) oder die später gebaute aber bekanntere Peking (1911). Das Kartenhaus befand sich meist im unmittelbarer Nähe und war über das offene Deck zu betreten. Ein weiterer Entwicklungsschritt war die Integration an die Kommandobrücke, sodass der Kartenraum als eigenständiger Raum direkt angrenzte. Später wurde der Arbeitsbereich häufiger auf die Brücke selbst gelegt, damit der Wachoffizier auf der Karte arbeiten und trotzdem jederzeit seinen Wachpflichten nachkommen kann.

Einzelnachweise

Schiffseinrichtung

Kartenhaus (Schifffahrt)


Anna Plate (* 26. August 1871 in Bremen; † 23. Juli 1941 in Löbichau) war eine deutsche Malerin. Zahlreiche Stillleben, Blumenaquarelle, Straßenbilder und Porträts zeugen von ihrem umfangreichen Schaffen.

Biografie
Plate wurde als Tochter eines Richters in Bremen geboren.
Ihre Ausbildung zur Malerin erfolgte in mehreren Stufen. Sie studierte zunächst in Bremen bei Kunz Meyer (Meyer-Waldeck; 1859–1919) und Gottfried Hofer, danach einige Jahre in München bei Ludwig Schmid-Reutte und ab 1897 in Paris an der privaten Akademie des Bildhauers Filippo Colarossi. Im Louvre interessierte sie sich besonders für die Werke der Impressionisten Gustave Courbet (1819–1877), Édouard Manet (1832–1883) und Auguste Renoir (1841–1919). Seit 1919 war Plate Mitglied im Bremer Malerinnen Verein und nach dessen Auflösung in der GEDOK.

1925 siedelte sie nach Dresden um. Über die Gründe ist nichts bekannt. Sie war dort Mitglied des Künstlerbundes Dresden und der Kunstgenossenschaft sowie im Loschwitzer Kreis.

Ausstellungen

Von 1922 bis 1943 beteiligte sie sich an Ausstellungen im Graphischen Kabinett und in der Kunsthalle Bremen. Aus Anlass ihres 60. Geburtstages fand 1931 zu ihren Ehren eine Einzelausstellung im Graphischen Kabinett in Bremen statt.

Werke
 Adele Wolde. Porträt, farbige Kreide, um 1910, im Focke-Museum
 Malvina Elisabeth Schütte. Porträt. Öl auf Leinwand, um 1910, im Focke-Museum
 Pfirsichstilleben. Öl auf Leinwand, um 1910
 Blumenstilleben. Öl auf Leinwand, vor 1911
 Blumenstrauß. Öl auf Leinwand, 1915
 Hinter dem Bremer Theater. Öl auf Leinwand, vor 1919
 Beschauliche Straße. (Vegesack?), Öl auf Pappe, 1921
 Vorstadthäuser. Öl auf Leinwand, um 1930, in der Kunsthalle Bremen
 Stilleben, Katerfrühstück. Öl auf Leinwand, 1936
 Straße in Vegesack. Öl auf Leinwand, 1941, Bremen, im Focke-Museum
 Stilleben mit Früchten und Flaschen. Öl auf Leinwand, o. J.
 Fleischstilleben. Öl auf Leinwand, o. J.

Literatur
 Aufsatz von Emil Waldmann in der Zeitschrift Niedersachsen (1920)
 Hannelore Cyrus: Die "Altmeisterin", Anna Plate (26. August 1871 – 23. Juli 1941). In: Zwischen Tradition und Moderne. Künstlerinnen und die bildende Kunst in Bremen bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Hauschild Verlag, Bremen 2005, ISBN 3-89757-262-1, S. 57–63
 Gisela Hildebrand: Plate, Anna. In: Frauen Geschichte(n), Bremer Frauenmuseum (Hg.). Edition Falkenberg, Bremen 2016, ISBN 978-3-95494-095-0.

Siehe auch
 Malweiber

Weblinks
 Gisela Hildebrand: Plate, Anna. In: Bremer Frauenmuseum – Frauenportraits

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Deutschland)
Maler (Bremen)
Geboren 1871
Gestorben 1941
Frau
Deutscher

Anna Plate


السبع هي بلدية من بلديات ولاية أدرار تقع على الطريق الوطني رقم 6 تبعد حوالي 40 كلم اٍلى الشمال عن مركز الولاية كانت تسمى سابقاً ب قصر العوينات، وتعتبر من أهم الواحات باٍقليم توات، بها العديد من المرافق الحيوية.

تعد قطب من أقطاب اٍنتاج الغاز بالجزائر، ويتم اٍستخراجه بمساعدة شركات عالمية.

المناخ
يظهر الجدول التالي التغييرات المناخية على مدار السنة لالسبع:

مراجع

بلديات ولاية أدرار
واحات الجزائر

السبع (الجزائر)


David Rumsey (né 1944) est un collectionneur de cartes américain et le fondateur de la David Rumsey Historical Map Collection. Il est aussi Président de 'Cartography Associates', une maison d'édition numérique basée à San Francisco.

Biographie
Rumsey est titulaire d'un Bachelor of Arts et d'un Master of Fine Arts de Université Yale et a été membre fondateur de 'Yale Research Associates in the Arts', également connu sous le nom de PULSA, un groupe d'artistes travaillant avec les technologies électroniques. Il a également été initié en 1966 à la Skull and Bones Society avant de devenir directeur associé de 'American Society for Eastern Arts' à San Francisco. Il a ensuite entamé une carrière de 20 ans dans le développement et le financement immobiliers, au cours desquels il a eu une longue association avec la 'General Atlantic Holding Company' de Charles Feeney à New York et a été président et directeur de plusieurs de ses filiales immobilières; General Atlantic est finalement devenu Atlantic Philanthropies, une fondation philanthropique basée aux Bermudes qui est l'une des plus grandes organisations charitable au monde.

Collection des cartes
Rumsey a rassemblé plus de  cartes rares du  depuis le début des années 1980, couvrant l'Amérique du Nord, l'Amérique du Sud, l'Europe, l'Asie, l'Afrique, le Pacifique, l'Arctique, l'Antarctique et le monde. La collection comprend des cartes distinctes, des atlas, des globes, des livres de géographie, des livres de voyage (de découverte) et des cartes marines. L'ensemble de la collection est hébergée au 'David Rumsey Map Center' qui a ouvert ses portes le  dans la 'Bing Wing of Green Library' de l'Université Stanford. Le centre contient des cartes et des atlas rares, ainsi que des écrans interactifs haute résolution pour visualiser la cartographie numérique. Le site web davidrumsey.com reste une ressource publique distincte.

Site web davidrumsey.com
En février 2022, plus de  éléments numérisés étaient disponibles sur le site web, dont des centaines étaient hébergés via des couches Google Earth. Certaines cartes sont également visibles sur l'île Rumsey Maps dans 'Second Life', ainsi que des SIG 2D et 3D. Une nouvelle recherche 'MapRank' a été ajoutée qui permet une recherche géographique d'environ 60 000 cartes de la collection par emplacement et couverture de la carte. De plus, un outil de géoréférencement a été ajouté qui permet aux utilisateurs du site de géoréférencer et d'afficher n'importe quelle carte de la collection. Le site web dispose de visionneuses supplémentaires de Luna Imaging, Inc, y compris le navigateur LUNA qui ne nécessite aucun plug-in ou logiciel spécial pour afficher la collection, zoomer sur les détails de l'image, créer des diaporamas, des groupes de médias ou des présentations.

Lorsqu'un document est trouvé sur le site web, il est généralement accompagné de métadonnée détaillées, telles que l'auteur, la date de publication, le titre court, le type, les dimensions, les annotations, la zone, le titre complet du document, le titre complet de la publication où il se trouve peut en faire partie avec des annotations et des options de téléchargement.

Pour avoir rendu sa collection de cartes publique gratuite via son site web, Rumsey a reçu un prix honorifique de la Special Libraries Association (SLA) en 2002. Le site web, développé en collaboration avec Luna Imaging et TechEmpower, a remporté le Webby Award pour la réalisation technique en 2002.

Postes au conseil d'administration
Depuis janvier 2008, David Rumsey est, entre autres, membre du conseil d'administration de:

 John Carter Brown Library
 Internet Archive
 Samuel H. Kress Foundation
 Stanford University Library Advisory Board
 Yale Library Associates (as a trustee)
 The Long Now Foundation
 Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR)
 American Antiquarian Society

Références

Bibliographie
 David Rumsey, Edith M. Punt. Cartographica Extraordinaire: The Historical Map Transformed. Esri Press, 2004. .
 David Rumsey, Meredith Williams. Historical Maps in GIS. In: Anne Kelly Knowles (ed.). Past Time, Past Place: GIS for History - . P. 1-19.

Collectionneur américain d'œuvres d'art
Cartographie
Étudiant de l'université Yale
Naissance en 1944
Archiviste

David Rumsey (collectionneur)


Fırtına rüzgârın hızlı bir şekilde esmesine denir. Rüzgâr hızı 27 knot üzerine çıktığında, yani 7 bofor ve üzeri olduğunda fırtınamsı rüzgâr, 34 knot üzerine çıktığında, yani 8 bofor ve üzeri olduğunda rüzgâra artık fırtına denir.

Denizde fırtına

Hızlı esen rüzgâr kendi kuvvetinin yanında çevresini de etkiler. Öncelikle estiği denizde veya okyanusta suları kabartarak büyük dalgalar oluşturur. Fırtınaya yakalanan yelkenli tekneler, herhangi bir liman ya da marinaya sığınamayacak kadar açıktaysalar, fırtınaya hazırlık yapmaları gerekir. Şiddetli rüzgâra karşı yapılacak en etkili önlem, yelkene camadan vurmaktır. Bunun anlamı yelkenin alanını küçülterek, rüzgârdan daha az faydalanmaktır. Bu şekilde rüzgârın tekneyi bayıltıcı etkisinin biraz da olsa önüne geçilmiş olunur. O da yetmiyorsa teknedeki ana yelken indirilir ve ön yelkenle (flok veya cenova) seyire devam edilir.

Geceleyin seyir yapan yatlar ve tekneler şiddetli rüzgârlara yakalandıklarında tüm ekipte güvenlik çakarları bulunmalıdır. Ayrıca ekip güvertede duruyorsa güvenlik bakımından herhangi bir yere bağlı olmaları tavsiye edilir. Çünkü hem dalgalı, sert rüzgârlı bir denizde hem de geceleyin, suya düşen kişinin kurtarılması çok zordur. Ayrıca fırtınalı havalarda tekne dalgalar veya sağanak yağmur sonucu su alır, bunu boşaltmak için gerektiğinde sintine motorlarını açık bırakmak gerekebilir. Tabii ki bazı fırtınalar şimşekli ve gökgürültülü olabilir. Böyle durumlarda en güvenli yerler kapalı alanlardır. Eğer tanker, şilep, büyük yolcu gemileri gibi yıldırım tehlikesine karşı sistemlenmiş bir tekne değilse, en kısa sürede limana dönmek yapılacak en doğru davranıştır.

Şimşeğin hareketi rastgele bir harekettir ne zaman nasıl oluşacağı bilinemez. Genelde bulutlar arası gezen bu elektriksel hareket bazen yeryüzünü de etkisi altına alabilir. Şimşekli havalarda eğer denizdeysek, mümkün olduğunca metal ve metalik olan tüm aksesuarlardan uzak durmalıyız. Yıldırım vurursa büyük olasılıkla en yüksek yer olan yelken direğine isabet edecektir. Dolayısıyla direğin altına kalın bir kablo takılıp denize atılırsa, bir ölçüde de olsa topraklama yapılabilir.

Türkiye'de tropik kuşaklardaki gibi veya okyanuslardaki gibi çok şiddetli fırtınalar oluşmaz. Ama gene de tedbir almak gerekir. En azından denizdeyken ve denize çıkarken hava raporlarına bir göz atmak akıllıca olacaktır.

Fırtına


La Sinfonía en la menor, K. Anh. 220/16a, llamada Sinfonía Odense, fue una obra atribuida en un principio a Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Es la única sinfonía de Mozart escrita en modo menor, aparte de las dos en sol menor: n.º 25 y n.º 40.

Instrumentación y estructura

La sinfonía está escrita para dos oboes, dos fagotes (los cuales no doblan a los violonchelos y contrabajos, como es habitual), dos trompas y cuerdas. En las orquestas de la época, era frecuente que no se escribiesen las partes de fagot y clave, los cuales se limitaban a doblar a violonchelos y contrabajos, si estaban disponibles en la orquesta, para así reforzar la línea del bajo y funcionar como bajo continuo. La interpretación de la sinfonía suele durar unos trece minutos.

La obra consta de tres movimientos:

Allegro moderato, 4/4
Andantino, 2/4
Rondó: Allegro moderato, 2/4

Historia y atribución

La editorial de Leipzig Breitkopf & Härtel intentó publicar todas las obras de Mozart en 1799. A tal fin, recopilaron las composiciones mozartianas de su hermana, su esposa, músicos, copistas y de otros editores. Entre estas composiciones se encontraba la Sinfonía en la menor, KV 16a. En el catálogo manuscrito de Breitkopf & Härtel hay un incipit de cuatro compases de extensión que corresponde al inicio de la sinfonía, indicando como referencia al comerciante hamburgués Johann Christoph Westphal. En su catálogo, Ludwig Ritter von Köchel consideró que la obra se había perdido y la situó en el Anhang o anexo, asignándole el número KV Anh. 220.

Posteriormente, el musicólogo Alfred Einstein sugirió en su edición del catálogo Köchel que la sinfonía había sido compuesta en 1765 en Londres, tomando como base el incipit, así como la primera sinfonía de Mozart que ha llegado a nuestros días: la KV 16. Einstein dio a la obra el número 16a y estableció que puede constatarse su temprana fecha de composición incluso a partir de los pocos compases que han sobrevivido en el incipit. La sexta edición del catálogo Köchel mantiene la numeración dada a esta obra por Einstein.

Años después, en 1982, se descubrió una copia de la sinfonía (no la partitura autógrafa) realizada a mano por varios copistas; la partitura fue hallada en el archivo de la Orquesta Sinfónica Municipal de Odense (Dinamarca) (de ahí el sobrenombre de la obra). En la página del título, aparece una nota que indica que esa copia de la sinfonía había caído en posesión del Collegium Musicum danés (probablemente de Westphal) a finales de 1793, en los que el papel con las partes orquestales presenta una marca de agua con el año 1779. Ninguno de los copistas del círculo de la familia Mozart pudo haber copiado esta obra. En la década de 1780, Westphal obtuvo varias sinfonías auténticas de Mozart y algunas obras con fuentes "dudosas", tales como la KV 16a y la KV Anh.C 11.08; la KV 16a se encontraba probablemente entre las obras que vendió al Collegium Musicum danés.

Wolfgang Plath publicó la sinfonía, hoy conocida como sinfonía "Odense", y la incluyó en un simposio científico para especialistas. La sinfonía fue grabada por la Academy of Ancient Music e integrada en la Neue Mozart-Ausgabe, en el apartado "Obras de dudosa autenticidad" en el año 2000, puesto que entonces no había concluido aún el debate sobre su autenticidad.

Neal Zaslaw estableció que la sinfonía había sido compuesta probablemente después de 1765 y afirmó que su proximidad estilística a otras sinfonías de Mozart de las décadas de 1760 y 1770 hace imposible la datación exacta de la obra, si no se halla una fuente fiable, y que la KV 16a era en muchos aspectos distinta de otras obras mozartianas. Wolfgang Gersthofer ignoró a la KV 16a en su revisión de las sinfonías tempranas de Mozart, ya que muchos expertos la consideran como una auténtica obra de Mozart. Volker Scherliess afirmó tras una larga argumentación que los especialistas en Mozart habían argumentado que la Sinfonía "Odense" no podía ser considerada una obra de Mozart tanto por tradición como por estilo.

Movimiento suprimido

En el reverso de la cuarta página del autógrafo del Divertimento para viento en si bemol mayor (KV 186/159b) hay dieciséis compases tachados para cuerda, dos oboes y dos trompas. Alfred Einstein, en su edición del catálogo Köchel, pensó que se trataba de un Andante en mi bemol mayor, que pertenecía a una sinfonía escrita mucho antes, quizá a la entonces recién descubierta KV 16a. La sexta edición del catálogo Köchel repite esto con asiduidad, pero advierte de que tal asociación es incierta.

Wolfgang Plath fechó el divertimento en 1772, pero afirmó que la fecha de composición de los dieciséis compases se situaba en torno a 1765 y 1766, conclusión a la que llegó tras analizar la caligrafía del autógrafo. Además, cambió la tonalidad a sol sostenido menor y consideró que Mozart reutilizó este trozo de papel posteriormente para la versión final del Minueto y trío del divertimento. Franz Giegling transcribió estos compases y su transcripción fue publicada en el informe crítico del volumen del NMA (Neue Mozart-Ausgabe) dedicado a los divertimentos para viento (publicado en 1987), que él mismo editó. Por entonces, la Sinfonía KV 16a ya había sido descubierta y la conexión que había establecido Einstein había sido desestimada (desde que el Andante estaba en sol sostenido menor, la obra a la que hipotéticamente perteneciese no estaría en si mayor con toda probabilidad). Neal Zaslaw editó una reconstrucción de este "borrador orquestal", dictaminando que el borrador presentaba incongruencias internas y errores y que la reconstrucción estaba basada en la idea de que Mozart escuchaba la pieza en sol sostenido menor y si mayor, pero que pudo no haberla escrito correctamente, puesto que aún tendría que aprender algunos aspectos de notación musical necesarios.

Véase también

 Sinfonías espurias o de dudosa autenticidad de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Fuentes

Referencias

Bibliografía

 <cite id=Zaslaw>

Enlaces externos

MozartForum: K016a -- The Symphony in a-minor "del Sigr. Mozart". Artículo de Dennis Pajot (en inglés)

Sinfonías de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Composiciones espurias o de dudosa autenticidad de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Composiciones en la menor

Sinfonía en la menor, KV 16a (Mozart)


Rueda de Casino (rueda) is a  type of salsa round dance, born from the Cuban dance casino.

History
Casino was developed in Havana, Cuba in the early 1950s. Casino traces its origin as a partner dance from Cuban Urban Son and Cuban Cha Cha Cha, fused with partner figures and turns adopted from the Cuban Mambo, Rumba Guaguancó and North American Jive. Casino is different from other types of Salsa dance styles because of its spontaneous use of the rich Afro-Cuban dance vocabulary within a Casino dance; a Casino dancer frequently improvises references to other dances, integrating movements, gestures and extended passages from the folkloric and popular heritage. This is particularly true of African descended Cubans. Such improvisations might include extracts of rumba, dances for African deities (Orishas), the older popular dances such as Cha Cha Cha and Danzón as well as anything the dancer may feel.

Casino danced with multiple partners in a circular fashion emerged in 1956 under the name "Rueda del Casino". This dance was exclusively danced at the Club Casino Deportivo, but quickly spread to other clubs around the beachfronts and later to the capital. While the dance became popular so did the phrases "vamos a hacer la rueda como en el Casino" (let's go dance "rueda" like in the Casino) and "vamos a hacer la rueda del Casino" (let's go dance "rueda" of the Casino). Given the popularity of the music and dance, numerous Rueda de Casino dance groups appeared on the island made up of friends, family members, and professional dancers. At the end of the 1970s, Rueda de Casino groups became well-known through the popular TV show "Para Bailar".

As a result of the Castro regime, many Cubans emigrated to the US, many to the Miami area. They took their culture with them, including various dishes, music and dancing. Rueda de Casino began to slowly make its way into the Miami salsa community during the Mariel boatlift, and in the late 1980s and early 1990s it experienced an enormous explosion of popularity. However, the style of Rueda de Casino that became popular was a style somewhat different from its original form. Rene Gueits, founder of "Salsa Lovers" in 1994, changed the Cuban-style Rueda de Casino and structured it. Rene's style adapted the Rueda de Casino steps into a more "disco-like" style, where the Cuban Urban Son, Cuban Cha Cha Cha, and Rumba Guaguancó were completely removed.

From Miami, Rueda de Casino spread first to major U.S. metropolitan centers with large Hispanic populations and eventually to other cities, becoming a popular dance around the United States and the world. Although the majority of the Rueda de Casino dancers have learned from the Miami-style Rueda de Casino syllabus and repertoire, many dancers from Cuba have been able to share the original version of the dance throughout the world, and most recently in the United States.

In 2014, the first International Rueda de Casino Multi Flash Mob took place in which people from 67 countries, including 199 cities, danced Rueda de Casino simultaneously. In 2017, the International Rueda de Casino Multi Flash Mob drew 230 unique groups dancing Rueda de Casino. The differences between the Miami-style Rueda de Casino and the Cuban-style Rueda de Casino are stark, and these differences can be seen throughout the performances of the 230 groups that participated in 2017.

Description
Pairs of dancers form a circle, with dance moves called out by one person, a caller (or "líder" or "cantante" in Spanish). Many moves have hand signs to complement the calls; these are useful in noisy venues, where spoken calls might not be easily heard. Most moves involve the swapping of partners, where the partners move around the circle to the next partner. The combination of elaborate dance combinations and constant movement of partners create a visually spectacular effect.

The names of the moves are mostly in Spanish, some in English (or Spanglish; e.g., "un fly"). Some names are known in slightly different versions, easily recognizable by Spanish-speaking dancers, but may be confusing to the rest. Although the names of most calls are presently the same across the board, the different towns in Cuba use their own calls. This is because the pioneers of Rueda de Casino wanted to keep others from participating in their Rueda. Many local variations of the calls can now be found. They can change from town-to-town or even from teacher-to-teacher. There are many different variations of moves in Rueda de Casino.

The circle will either start from "al Medio" (normal closed hold with all the couples stepping in and out of the circle) or from Guapea (stepping forward on the inside foot and backward on the outside foot, tangent to the circle).  Some of the most common moves in Rueda include:  Dame, Enchufle, Vacila, and Sombrero. You can readily find an extensive list of Rueda de Casino moves in various websites. There are different hand motions that the caller can signal in case one's voice cannot be heard over the loud music. For example, the hand signal for Sombrero is the caller tapping the top of his or her head.

Filmography
Rueda de Casino scenes may be seen in the movie Dance with Me and in the music video clip No me dejes de querer by Gloria Estefan. Rueda de casino dance may also be seen in the documentary film "La Salsa Cubana".

References

External links

  "A Rueda Wiki including streaming flash videos, Spanish pronunciation guides, an English translation of the calls and much more."
  Absolute Salsa - an extensive list of steps descriptions in English, Spanish and Italian
  "Rueda Calls & Descriptions"
  "Historia de la Rueda de Casino y la Salsa en Cuba"
  "The Norwegian Rueda Standard includes a Reference to more than 100 Rueda Calls, Translations of Spanish Rueda Calls into English (and Norwegian), links to Videos on YouTube and more."

Salsa
Group dances

Rueda de Casino


Hvammur getur meðal annars átt við:

Hvammur í Dölum
Hvammur í Laxárdal, Skagafirði
Hvammur í Norðurárdal
Hvammur undir Eyjafjöllum

aðgreiningarsíður

Hvammur


Shimane usually refers to Shimane Prefecture, a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku of Honshu. Shimane may also refer to:

Shimane at-large district, a constituency that represents Shimane Prefecture in the House of Councillors in the Diet of Japan
Shimane, Shimane, a town located in Yatsuka District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan
Shimane University, a national university in Japan

See also
Shiman, a village in Susan-e Gharbi Rural District, Susan District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran

Shimane (disambiguation)


أحمد سعيد (مواليد 13 مارس، 1984 في القاهرة) هو لاعب كرة قدم مصري. يلعب حاليا في صفوف نادي الرجاء، وبدأ باللعب مع منتخب مصر لكرة القدم في عام 2009.

الروابط الخارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مصريون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مصريون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في بلجيكا
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون مصريون مغتربون في بلجيكا
لاعبو الدوري المصري الممتاز
لاعبو الشمس
لاعبو النادي الإسماعيلي
لاعبو كأس القارات 2009
لاعبو كرة قدم مصريون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في بلجيكا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون مصريون
لاعبو مصر المقاصة
لاعبو منتخب مصر لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي الإنتاج الحربي
لاعبو نادي الجونة
لاعبو نادي بيراميدز
لاعبو نادي حرس الحدود
لاعبو نادي سموحة
لاعبو نادي لييرس
لاعبو نادي وادي دجلة
مواليد 1404 هـ
مواليد 1984
مواليد في القاهرة

أحمد سعيد (أوكا)


Agustín Fernández de Velasco y Bracamonte (Madrid, 1 de noviembre de 1669-Madrid, 24 de agosto de 1741), X duque de Frías, III marqués del Fresno, VI conde de Peñaranda y XIV conde de Haro fue un aristócrata español que sirvió en la Real Casa.

Vida
Hijo de Pedro Fernández de Velasco y Tovar, II marqués del Fresno y de Antonia de Bracamonte y Luna, V condesa de Peñaranda de Bracamonte.

Su padre, nieto del V duque de Frías había sido Embajador en Inglaterra y Francia, miembro del Consejo de Castilla y partidario decidido en la Corte de Carlos II del partido francés. Por ello consiguió que, con 31 años, fuera su hijo nombrado gentilhombre de la Real Cámara del rey. En este cargo le confirmó Felipe V al ocupar el trono en 1701, otorgándole además la Grandeza de España dos años después.

En 1727 heredó, al fallecer sin descendencia su primo lejano el pro austriaco Bernardino Fernández de Velasco,  el ducado de Frías, hecho que fortaleció considerablemente su posición en la Corte. El 8 de enero de 1728 era nombrado sumiller de corps.

Matrimonio y descendencia
Casó con Manuela Pimentel y Zúñiga (m. 1742), hija de Francisco Pimentel Quiñones y de la Cueva, IX conde-duque de Benavente y de Manuela de Zúñiga y Sarmiento, II duquesa de Arión. De este matrimonio nacieron cuatro hijos:

 Bernardino Fernández de Velasco y Pimentel (Madrid, 27 de mayo de 1707-27 de diciembre de 1771), XI duque de Frías, XV conde de Haro, X conde de Salazar de Velasco, VII conde de Peñaranda de Bracamonte, IV vizconde de Sauquillo, XV conde de Alba de Liste, IV marqués de Cilleruelo y XVII conde de Luna  que casó con María Josefa Pacheco Téllez-Girón y Toledo-Portugal (1707-1786).
 Martín Fernández de Velasco y Pimentel (1729-1776), XII duque de Frías, XVI conde de Haro, V marqués del Fresno, XVI conde de Alba de Liste, IV Ducado de Arión|duque de Arión, XI conde de Salazar de Velasco y V marqués de Cilleruelo., que casó con Isabel María Spínola Velasco de la Cueva, XVI condesa de Siruela, VI duquesa de San Pedro de Galatino, VII condesa de Valverde, VII marquesa de Santacara y princesa de Molfetta.
 María de la Concepción Fernández de Velasco y Pimentel, que casó con Francisco Javier Osorio y Guzmán (1709-1747), XIII marqués de Alcañices,  y VIII marqués de Montaos.
 Ramón Fernández de Velasco y Pimentel (1710-8 de noviembre de 1746), IV marqués del Fresno, que casó, siendo su primer esposo, con Joaquina de Benavides y la Cueva (1720-1793).

Referencias

Bibliografía

Grandeza de España
Nobles de España del siglo XVII
Nobles de España del siglo XVIII
Sumilleres de Corps del rey


Turn This Club Around ist das dritte Studioalbum des deutschen Dance-Projekts R.I.O.

Veröffentlichung
Turn This Club Around erschien am 2. Dezember 2011, parallel zur Veröffentlichung ihrer 13. Single Animal und nach dem Erfolg mit dem gleichnamigen Song Turn This Club Around. Es wurde, so wie auch ihr vorheriges Album Sunshine, als CD und als Download über die Musiklabel Roxy Recordings, Kontor Records und Manians und Yanous Label Zooland Records veröffentlicht. Am 24. August 2012 erschien eine Deluxe-Version des Albums, auf der auch die neuen Titel Party Shaker und Summer Jam sowohl in der Original- als auch in einer Remix-Versionen zu finden sind. Innerhalb von zwei Tagen erreichte sie die Top-10 der iTunes-Charts.

Mitwirkende
Alle Songs wurden auf Englisch aufgenommen und von Tony T. gesungen. Die meisten Lieder wurden von Manian, Yanou und Andres Ballinas geschrieben und komponiert. Bei den Songs Turn This Club Around und Animal wirkte der US-amerikanische Sänger und Rapper U-Jean mit. Die Lieder wurden von den beiden DJs und Produzenten Manian und Yanou produziert.

Titelliste

Album – Chartplatzierungen
Die Standard-Version konnte sich nur in der Schweiz in den Charts platzieren und erreichte Platz 80.

Die Deluxe Edition schaffte es dann auch in die Deutschen Charts und Österreichischen Charts, wo sie auf Platz 66 und 28 einstieg und somit R.I.O.s erster Album-Charterfolg in Deutschland und Österreich wurde. In der Schweiz stieg sie auch wieder ein und schaffte es auf Rang 29.

Single-Charterfolge aus dem Album

Standard-Version

Einzelnachweise

R.I.O.
Album (House)
Album 2011

Turn This Club Around (Album)


Patrick Brøsted Rasmussen (født den 26. juni 1996) er en dansk fodboldspiller, som har spillet for den danske 1. divisions klub Vejle Boldklub.

Referencer

Fodboldspillere fra Vejle Boldklub

Patrick B. Rasmussen