Jonathan Bosuku (født 26. oktober 1995 i Paris i Frankrig) er en fransk professionel MMA-udøver, der konkurrer i mellemvægt-klassen. Han kæmper pt i den franske HFC-liga (Hard Fighting Championship), som han er ubesejret i.
Bosukku har vundet 6 ud af sine sidste 7 professionelle kampe. Han er mest kendt for at have besejret franske Julien da Silva 2 gange, hvor den første var på en enstemmig afgørelse i Cognac i Frankrig den 25. marts 2017 i og den anden var på knockout den i Basel i Schweitz 1. juli 2017. Udover dette har han besejret navne som Aymard Guih, Darren Hession, Gregory Beyon og Dimitri Soler.

Bosuku er på nuværende tidspunkt (maj, 2018) rangeret som nr 58. på Europe Western-listen i mellemvægt-klassen på Tapology.

MMA-karriere

Amatørkarriere
Han voksede op i Pantin og begyndte her at interessere sig for kampsport og flyttede som 12-årig til Valenton for at træne Ju-jitsu og MMA. Han debuterede som amatør mod franske Soufiene Oudina, som han tabte til på en enstemmig afgørelse i Hainaut i Belgien, den 6. oktober 2012.

Profesionel karriere
Han fik sin professionelle MMA-debut ved 100% Fight 18 - VIP i Aubervilliers i Frankrig den 15. februar 2014, hvor han tabte via submission i 2. omgang mod franske Mohamed Cameche. Han mødte den senere UFC-kæmper, Mickael Lebout som han tabte til via submission i 1. omgang ved 100% Fight 22 - Supreme League Finals den 30. maj 2014 i Aubervilliers i Frankrig.

Eksterne henvisninger

MMA-udøvere
Sportsfolk fra Frankrig

Jonathan Bosuku


Raimondo rigsgreve af Montecúccoli eller Montecucculi, hertug af Melfi (født 21. februar 1609 på Castello di Montecuccolo i Pavullo nel Frignano nær Modena, død 16. oktober 1680 i Linz) var en italiensk adelsmand og hærfører.

Montecúccoli var kejserlig general i det habsburgske monarki. Han var også militærteoretiker.

Rigsgreven Montecúccoli var far til Leopold Philipp Montecuccoli.

Under Trediveårskrigen
Som ganske ung begyndte han sin militære løbebane som musketer og i en alder af seksten blev han privat soldat hos sin onkel, grev Ernesto Montecuccoli, der var en velanset østrigsk general. I 1629 blev han kaptajn i infanteriet og havde da allerede været i kamp i det tyske rige og i Nederlandene. Han fik i Trediveårskrigen rig lejlighed til at udmærke sig og avancerede så hurtigt, at han allerede 1635 var oberst. Under stormen på Neubrandenburg blev han alvorligt såret, hvilket gentog sig samme år (1631) i det første slag ved Breitenfeld, hvor han blev taget til fange af svenskerne. Atter i 1632 blev Montecuccoli såret i slaget ved Lützen, og mens han kom sig avancerede han til major i sin onkels regiment. Kort efter blev han oberstløjtnant i kavaleriet. Montecuccoli udmærkede sig i slaget ved Nordlingen 1634, og efter stormen på Kaiserslautern i 1635 blev han oberst.

Montecuccoli deltog i kampene i Pommern, Böhmen og Sachsen, bl.a. overraskelsen af Wolmirstadt, slaget ved Wittstock og slaget ved Chemnitz. Under felttoget i Böhmen sloges han i 1639 ved Brandeis af de svenske, blev under tilbagegangen ved Mělník krigsfange og blev holdt i fangenskab 2½ år i Stettin og Weimar. I fængslet helligede han sig militære studier.

Kort efter at være løsladt slog han et fjendtligt troppekorps i Böhmen og undsatte Brieg, hvorfor han belønnedes med generalvagtmestertitlen. Efter en kort tid at have ført hertugen af Modenas tropper i Castro-krigene trådte han atter i kejserlig tjeneste og udnævntes 1644 til feltmarskalløjtnant. Han kæmpede i Böhmen og Schlesien og havde 1647 hovedæren af sejren over Wrangel ved Triebel, hvorfor han udnævntes til General der Kavallerie. 1648 deltog han i det uheldige slag ved Zusmarhausen, hvor han dækkede tilbagetoget.

Senere krige
Montecuccoli var nu hofkrigsråd i Wien indtil 1657 og anvendtes i denne periode til diplomatiske sendelser til Sverige og England. 1657 kæmpede han i Polen for kong Kasimir. 1658 udnævntes han til feltmarskal og sendtes til Danmark for at bekæmpe svenskerne, der fordreves fra Jylland og Fyn, hvornæst Montecuccoli erobrede Pommern. 1660 fik Montecuccoli overkommandoen mod de i Siebenbürgen indrykkede tyrkere, som han forjog, men forskellige forviklinger bevirkede, at han 1663 nedlagde kommandoen. 1664, da forholdene forværredes, kom Montecuccoli igen i spidsen for hæren og vandt den glimrende sejr ved Sankt Gotthard. 1672 og 1675 førte han hæren mod franskmændene og viste sig som en jævnbyrdig modstander for Turenne og Condé. Montecuccoli afsluttede sin lange militære løbebane med belejringen af Philippsburg, men hans helbred var så nedbrudt, at han måtte nedlægge kommandoen. Han henlevede resten af sit liv ved kejserhoffet, sysselsat med militære arbejder.

Montecuccoli var en stor feltherre, og hans skrifter havde stor betydning ikke alene for hans samtid, men også for efterverdenen. Hans hovedværk er Memorie della guerra ed istruzioni d'un generale (Venedig 1703; tysk udgave Leipzig 1836).

Han havde i 1657 ægtet Montecuccoli Margaretha von Dietrichstein-Nikolsburg (1637-1676), datter af Max von Dietrichstein, overhofmester hos kejser Ferdinand III. Parret havde en søn, som blev ophøjet til rigsfyrste (hvilket allerede var blevet lovet Raimondo Montecuccoli), men slægten uddøde med ham i 1698.

Han var ridder af Den gyldne Vlies og præsident for Leopoldina, i hvis stiftelse Montecuccoli var meget aktiv.

Kilder

Grever fra Tyskland
Italienere i 1600-tallet
Kejserlige generaler fra Det tysk-romerske Rige
Hertuger fra Italien
Personer fra Trediveårskrigen
Militærteoretikere
Raimondo
Riddere af Den gyldne Vlies

Raimondo Montecuccoli


3. Uluslararası Türkçe Olimpiyatı (Asıl adı: 3. Uluslararası Yabancılar İçin Türkçe Yarışması), Uluslararası Dil Öğretimi Derneği tarafından düzenlenen ve 42 ülkenin katılımı ile gereçekleşen Türkçe yarışması.
Ana dili Türkçe olmayan kişiler arasında düzenlenen yarışmada sonuçlar şöyle:

Yarışma sonuçları

Şiir
  Kırgızistan Kanikey İsakova Şiir: Öğretmen
  Kazakistan Janar Adresilova Şiir: Sakarya
  Arnavutluk Borana Tartari Şiir: Kaldırımlar
  Bangladeş Soniya Redhwan Şiir: Aney

Şarkı
  Türkmenistan Aysoltan Sapargeldiyeva Şarkı: Turnalara Tutun Gel
  Pakistan M. Rohan Sheyh Şarkı: Vefasız
  Kosova Donika İllijazi Şarkı: Turnalar
  Gürcistan Ilona Dolidze  Şarkı: Elbette

Altın madalya kazananlar

Temel seviye yabancı dil Türkçesi kategorisi

  Arnavutluk Eduophna Fashilja
  Moğolistan Mandakh Bekhbat
  Afganistan Şafak Rahimi
  Bosna-Hersek Almir Sulejmanovic
  Rusya Yakov Yevsükov
  Irak Şenge Hasan Kadir

Temel seviye Türkiye Türkçesi kategorisi

  Kosova Filiz Gjini
  Kırgızistan Şirin Akmatbekova

Orta seviye Türkçe kategorisi

  Türkmenistan Atamurat Hudayberdiyev
  Kırgızistan Kanikey İsakova
  Kazakistan Janar Adresilova

İleri seviye Türkçe kategorisi

  Kazakistan Maria Rahimova
  R.F. Tataristan Aygül Aminova

Yarışan ülkeler

İlk kez katılan ülkeler

  Almanya
  Avustralya
  Bangladeş
  Çekya
  Endonezya
  Fas
  Filipinler
  Hindistan
  Hollanda
  İngiltere
  Kamboçya
  Kenya
  Macaristan
  Nijerya
  Özbekistan
  Pakistan
  Senegal
  Tayland
  Yemen

Dış bağlantılar
 Türkçe Olimpiyatları Organizasyonu Resmi Sitesi

03
Uluslararası Türkçe Olimpiyatı

3. Uluslararası Türkçe Olimpiyatları


Diferansiyel (Otomotiv): Dönemeçlerde farklı yollar kateden otomobil tekerleklerinin ayrı hızlarda dönebilmesini sağlamaya yarayan dişli aygıt.
 Diferansiyel (Matematik): Fonksiyonların değişmelerini konu alan matematik dalı.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Hareket iletim sistemleri
 Diferansiyel denklemler
 Adi diferansiyel denklemler
 Normal diferansiyel denklemeler
 Matematiksel analiz

Diferansiyel (anlam ayrımı)


Kozan Barajı, Adana'da, Kilgen Çayı üzerinde, sulama amacı ile 1967 - 1972 yılları arasında inşa edilmiş bir baraj.

Kaya gövde dolgu tipi olan barajın gövde hacmi 1.680.000 m³, akarsu yatağından yüksekliği 78,50 m, normal su kotunda göl hacmi 170,34 hm³, normal su kotunda göl alanı 6,42 km²'dir. 10.220 hektarlık bir alana sulama hizmeti vermektedir. 2010/2011'de Elektrik üretimine başlamıştır.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Türkiye'deki barajlar listesi

Kaynakça

Adana ilindeki barajlar
Kozan'daki yapılar
1972'de tamamlanan altyapı
1972'de Türkiye'de kurulan oluşumlar

Kozan Barajı


Favoriten (), Viyana´nın 10. Merkez İlçesi'dir. İlçeye bu isim 1873 yılında Viyana'nın aldığı kararla verilmiştir. Favoriten adı Latince kaynaklı Favorita (Favori) kelimesinden gelmektedir.

1874 Viyana'ya bağlanan bu bölge doğası nedeni ile geniş bahçeli meyhaneleri bulunuyordu. 1890 yılında büyümeye başlayan ilçe çeşitli sosyal konutların da yapılması ile bugün en kalabalık ilçe konumundadır.

Favoriten aynı zamanda Viyana'da Türk halkının en yoğun bulunduğu ilçedir.

Viyana'nın güneyinde bulunan Favoriten genelde 100 ve üzeri yıllık konutlar bulunmaktadır. Viyana'nın ilk fabrikaları buralarda kurulmuştur. Bölgedeki en büyük kaplıca tesisleri 1974 yılında Kurhalle Oberlaa adlı bölgede çıkan bol kükürtlü suların bulunduğu Oberlaa bölgesine kurulmuştur.

Bunların yanı sıra eski dinlenme ve eğlence bölgesi olan Böhmische Prater (Bohemya Lunaparkı) 1882 yılında yine yeşil alanı bol olan bu ilçede kurulmuştur.

Toprak bakımında en son genişlemeyi 1954 yılında Rothneusiedl, Oberlaa ve Unterlaa adlı köylerin kendisine bağlanması ile bugünkü genişliğine ulaşmıştır.

Görülecek yerler
 Spinnerin am Kreuz - Eski kilometre ve yön heykeli.
 Wasserturm Favoriten - Eski su kulesi.
 Kurhalle Oberlaa - Oberlaa Termal Tesisleri
 Franz Josef Spital - İmparator Franz Josef Hastanesi
 Südbahnhof - Güney Tren Garı
 Böhmische Prater - Bohemya Lunaparkı dinlenme ve eğlence bölgesi.
Motorikpark

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Favoriten (Almanca)

Viyana'nın ilçeleri

Favoriten


Soğucak, Çorum ilinin İskilip ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1928 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır.

Coğrafya
Köy, Çorum il merkezine 56 km, İskilip ilçe merkezine 24 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

İskilip belde ve köyleri

Soğucak, İskilip


Lamia, Yunan mitolojisinde Libya kraliçesi veya prensesidir ve Zeus'un sevgililerinden biridir. Zeus ile birlikteliğinden dolayı Hera'nın gazabına uğrayarak canavarlaşarak çocuklarını öldürdüğünden dolayı kederinden diğer kadınların çocuklarına düşman kesilmiştir. Ayrıca kıskanç Hera, Lamia'nın gözlerini kapanmaz duruma getirerek lanetleyerek ölen çocuklarını hatırasını sürekli görmesini sağlar.  Ancak Zeus Lamia'ya acır onu eski haline getirir ve takabilmesi için özel bir yetenek verir. Bu şekilde  uyuyamasa bile, biraz olsun bahtsızlığının verdiği acıdan kaçabilmek için istediği zaman gözlerini çıkarabilecektir. Çocuklarını  kaybettikten sonra, öfkesi yüzünden öç almak için diğer kadınların çocuklarını kaçırıp onların kanını içer.

Asıl olarak bir çingene tarafından, çingenenin kendi arzusunu yerine getirmek amacıyla çağrılır. Başına musallat ettiği kişinin bir eşyasını lanetleyip Lamia'nın o eşyayı almaya geldiği ve sahibinin de cehenneme götürülerek sonsuza dek orada yanması için götürür, eğer ki eşya 3 gün içinde başka birisine armağan edilmezse. Ayrıca hediyeyi alan kişinin de gönlü olmalıdır. Aksi takdirde 3. gün bitince, 4. günün sabahında Lamia eşyanın sahibini alarak cehenneme götürür.

Mitolojik kraliçeler

Yunan mitolojisi yaratıkları
Poseidon'un çocukları

Lamia (mitoloji)


La chapelle évangélique de l'Église de Bethel (en néerlandais Bethelkerk) est un édifice religieux situé sur la chaussée de Haecht dans la commune bruxelloise de Schaerbeek. c'est une église protestante évangélique néerlandophone et appartient aux Congrégations évangéliques libres de Flandre.

Le nom de l'église fait référence au site biblique de Béthel et signifie Maison de Dieu.

Histoire
L'église est née du travail de la  Mission Évangélique Belge, une organisation qui est devenue active en Belgique après la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale. Pendant la Première Guerre mondiale, le couple américain Ralph et Edith Norton rencontre à Londres des soldats belges victimes du front de l'Yser. Ils ont envoyé des rations alimentaires aux combattants dans les tranchées. Après la guerre, le couple s'installe à Bruxelles, où ils fondent la  Mission Évangélique Belge.

Parce que les services religieux à Bruxelles se tenaient en français, les néerlandophones ont demandé leur propre culte. L' Église Flamande a été fondée en 1923. Pendant de nombreuses années, la congrégation s'est réunie dans la Goudstraat, près de l'Église Notre-Dame de la Chapelle. Ce fut le cas jusqu'à ce que la rue doive faire place à la liaison Nord-Sud dans les années 1950. L'église a ensuite déménagé à Schaerbeek.

Le pasteur de l'église est Gottlieb Blokland depuis 1998.

Références

Temple protestant en Belgique

Chapelle évangélique de l'Église de Bethel


Chiara Pastorini, née le  à Ovada en Italie, est une philosophe, essayiste, et écrivaine de littérature jeunesse. Elle exerce également une activité d'animatrice et de formatrice en philosophie pour enfants.

Biographie

Chiara Pastorini a étudié en Italie, aux États-Unis et en France, et a soutenu en 2008 un doctorat en philosophie et en sciences sociales théoriques et appliquées sur le « Conceptualisme et non conceptualisme chez Ludwig Wittgenstein» à l'Université de Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, en co-tutelle sous la direction de Jocelyn Benoist de l'Université de Paris 1 et Patrick Coppock de l'université de Modène et de Reggio d'Émilie.

Avant ce parcours en philosophie, Chiara Pastorini a réalisé des études en odontologie à l'université de Pavie, en Italie, et obtenu le diplôme d'État de docteur en chirurgie dentaire (Laurea). Elle a été en même temps élève du Collegio Ghislieri de Pavie.

En 2014, Chiara Pastorini fonde à Paris Les Petites Lumières, un projet d'éveil à la philosophie pour enfants et adolescents.

Depuis 2017, elle est formatrice pour l'association SEVE.

Autrice de plusieurs ouvrages de philosophie pour enfants, elle a notamment publié l'album Le goût de la vie (2022), l'étui de cartes La Terre et nous (2022), la BD Les vrais sages sont des rebelles (préface de Charles Pépin, 2021), le manuel pour les enseignants Une année d'ateliers philo-art (préface de Michel Tozzi, 2019).

Depuis 2016, elle a publié une vingtaine d'ouvrages pour enfants, cependant en 2011 est paru le livre Ludwig Wittgenstein. Une introduction (Pocket, 2011) qui s'adresse à un lectorat adulte.

Elle collabore régulièrement à Philosophie Magazine, avec la rubrique Comme des grands, et à la revue belge Philéas & Autobule.

Elle intervient dans plusieurs festivals de philosophie : Les Rencontres Michel Serres à Agen, Philosophia à Saint Émilion, Les Rencontres philosophiques de Monaco, Les Rencontres Inattendues à Tournai.

Activités de recherche et d'enseignement
Son activité de recherche dans le domaine de la philosophie pour enfants, l'amène à concevoir une nouvelle méthode : la méthode holistique (du grec holos, « entier »), qui considère l'enfant dans sa globalité (esprit rationnel et corps perceptif). Cette méthode combine la discussion avec des pratiques artistiques, et le geste créatif du corps joue un rôle important dans l'émergence de la pensée et du questionnement.

Chiara Pastorini fait partie du comité scientifique et culturel de la Cité des sciences et de l'industrie pour l'exposition Transparence (depuis 2022), et du comité scientifique de AXXIS (Apprendre au ) (depuis 2021).

Depuis 2019, elle est chargée d'enseignement à l'université Paris-Dauphine sur les « Grands Enjeux Contemporains ».

Culture et médias
Chiara Pastorini est intervenue dans plusieurs émissions radio et télévisées pour parler de la philosophie pour enfants :
Bien fait pour vous (Europe 1, 24 décembre 2022), L'étoile et le jasmin (Radio J, 01 décembre 2022), La Quotidienne (Sqool TV, 09 octobre 2023 et 26 octobre 2022), En attendant le Printemps (RCF, 16 mars 2022), Barbatruc, S'émerveiller, ça s'apprend ? Comment éveiller le regard des enfants (France Inter, 12 mars 2022), Visages, Enseigner la philosophie aux enfants (RCF, 14 août 2021), La maison des maternelles, La philo dès le CP (France 5, 03 avril 2018), SBS, Special Éducation, Atelier philo-pâte à modeler sur les émotions ! (SBS, 17 septembre 2018), Topoï, le grand amour (Planète +, 10 avril 2017).

Son activité et ses ouvrages ont fait l'objet d'articles dans plusieurs journaux :
Le Monde, Le Parisien, L'Express, Philosophie Magazine, Femme actuelle, Hong Kong Economic Times, Panorama di Novi.

Le 12 février 2022 Clara Georges écrit dans Le Monde sur l'album Le goût de la vie :

« Si vous aspirez à constituer une bibliothèque pour vos enfants et ceux des générations futures, pensez à y glisser celui-ci. Car la grand question de cet ouvrage, celle qui assombrit soudain la vie du petit Marcello et lui coupe l'appétit, sortira de la bouche de vos enfants, un jour où vous ne l'attendrez pas, entre le fromage et la poire. »

Œuvres

Livres

Ludwig Wittgenstein. Une introduction, Pocket, 2011
 Une année d'ateliers philo-art, préface de Michel Tozzi, Nathan, 2019
Les vrais sages sont des rebelles, dessin de Perceval Barrier, préface de Charles Pépin, Nathan, 2021
Journal poétique de ma grossesse. Et des premiers mois de mon bébé, Mango, 2022
 Philosopher en famille - 8 ateliers philo-art pour partager, penser et créer ensemble, illustrations d'Eve Grosset, Hatier, 2022
La cité des sages, scénario de Chiara Pastorini, dessin de Fiamma Luzzati, éditions Philippe Rey, 2022
 Les vrais sages disent non !, dessin de Perceval Barrier, Nathan, 2023

Livres pour enfants
Pourquoi je ne suis pas un griffon ? Une aventure avec Platon, Les Petites Lumières, Paris, 2016.
Galilée part en vrille, Les petits Platons, 2019.
Qu'est-ce qu'un humain ?, préface d'Edwige Chirouter, illustrations d'Olympe Perrier, L'initiale, 2020.
Liberté, où es-tu ?, L'initiale, 2021.
Alice et Simon se posent plein de questions, coll. Et si on philosophait ?, éditions Jungle, 2021.
Mentir, c'est quoi ?, coll. Qu'en penses-tu ?, Hachette, 2022.
Grandir, c'est quoi ?, coll. Qu'en penses-tu ?, Hachette, 2022.
Le goût de la vie, Père Castor, Flammarion, 2022.
Léger comme un papillon, Père Castor, Flammarion, 2022
Être méchant, c'est quoi ?, coll. Qu'en penses-tu ?, Hachette, 2023.
Le chemin du bonheur, Père Castor, Flammarion, 2023

Étuis de cartes
 Mon atelier philo. 30 concepts pour initier son enfant à la philosophie, coll. Ma boîte à outils, Mango, 2021.
 La Terre et nous. 30 concepts pour initier son enfant au développement durable, coll. Ma boîte à outils, Mango, 2022.
 Mon atelier philo. Nouveaux thèmes. 30 concepts pour initier son enfant à la philosophie, coll. Ma boîte à outils, Mango, 2022.
 La différence, c'est quoi ?. 30 concepts pour éveiller à la tolérance, coll. Ma boîte à outils, Mango, 2022.

CD

 La philosophie racontée aux enfants (par François Morel), Frémeaux, 2019.
 La philosophie racontée aux enfants (par François Morel), vol. 2, Frémeaux, 2021.

Jeux
À la découverte des émotions, L'initiale, 2020.

Références

Liens externes
 Site Les petites Lumières
 Site personnel Chiara Pastorini

Articles connexes

 Les petites lumières (philosophie)
 Philosophie pour les enfants

Professeur de philosophie
Femme philosophe
Naissance à Ovada
Naissance en juin 1976

Chiara Pastorini


La saison 1988-1989 de Serie B, organisée par la Lega Calcio pour la quarante-troisième fois, est la  du championnat de deuxième division en Italie. Les quatre premiers sont promus directement en Serie A et les quatre derniers sont relégués en Serie C.

À l'issue de la saison, le Genoa 1893 et l'AS Bari terminent à la première place et montent en Serie A 1989-1990 ( division), accompagné par le troisième Udinese Calcio et le quatrième US Cremonese.

Compétition
Le classement est établi sur le barème de points suivant :
 Victoire : 2 points
 Match nul : 1 points
 Défaite, forfait ou abandon du match : 0 point

Classement

|valign=top align=left width=50%|

|}
 En fin de saison, trois clubs sont à égalité de points pour la promotion, le classement particulier écarte le Cosenza Calcio. L'US Cremonese et Reggina Calcio se rencontrent sur un seul match, après un match nul 0 à 0, Cremonese est promu après les tirs au but (4 à 3).

En fin de classement, trois clubs sont également à égalité de points, le classement particulier sauve le Calcio Monza. Brescia Calcio  et Empoli FC se rencontrent sur un seul match, après un match nul 0 à 0, Brescia l'emporte aux tirs au but 3 à 0 et reste en Serie B, Empoli est relégué.

Notes et références
 saison 88-89 sur calcio-seriea.net

1988-1989
Championnat Italie Football 1988-1989 D2
Championnat Italie Football 1988-1989 D2
Italie D2
Italie D2

Championnat d'Italie de football de deuxième division 1988-1989


Nicoleta Manu (născută Țolișteanu; ) este o jucătoare de volei română, specializată ca libero. Este membră a echipei naționale de volei a României și joacă în Divizia A1 la echipa CS Știința Bacău.

Cariera
Manu a jucat pentru echipa națională la Campionatul European de Volei Feminin din 2003, 2005 și 2011, Campionatul FIVB de Volei Feminin din Germania și Jocurile Europene din 2015 din Baku.

La Campionatul European din 2003 a fost numită cea mai bună fundașă. Colegii îi zic "Țoli", după numele său de fată Țolișteanu.

Cluburi
 CS Știința Bacău (1999-2012)
 Hainaut Volley (2012-2013)
 CSM București (2013)
 CS Dinamo București (2013-2015)
 CS Știința Bacău (2015-prezent)

Premii

Titluri
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Franz Bardon (født 1. december 1909, død 10. juli 1958) var en tjekkisk okkultist og lærer i hermetik.

Liv og død
Han blev født i Opava, østrigsk Schlesien. I løbet af 2. verdenskrig blev Bardon sendt i kz-lejr for at nægte at deltage i nazistisk mysticisme. Bardon blev befriet af russiske soldater, der lavede en razzia i lejren. Bardon fortsatte sit arbejde inden for områder af hermetik indtil 1958, da han blev arresteret og fængslet i Brno, Tjekkoslovakiet. Bardon døde af betændelse i bugspytkirtlen, den 10. juli 1958, mens har var i forvaring hos politiet.

Værker
Bardon er bedst kendt for sine tre bind om hermetisk magi. Disse er Indledningen til hermetik, Den Praktisk-magiske besværgelse og Nøglen til den sande Kabbala.

Et fjerde værk, der tillægges ham, med titlen Tryllekunstneren Frabato, formodes af mange af hans elever at være en forklædt selvbiografi. Selvom bogen viser dens forfatter som Bardon, var den skrevet af hans sekretær, Otti Votavova. Mens nogle elementer i historien er baseret på Bardons virkelige liv, er det meste af bogen skrevet som en okkult roman med megen udsmykning ved Votavova.

Bardons værker er mest kendt for deres enkelthed, deres relativt små teoretiske afsnit, og der lægges stor vægt på praksis med mange øvelser. Hans studerende Martin Faulks, William Mistele og Rawn Clark anser ham for at have skrevet de bedste programmer til uddannelse af enhver tryllekunstner i det 20. århundrede. De var skrevet med den hensigt at give eleverne mulighed, der ønskede at praktisere magi midler til at gøre det, hvis de ikke kunne studere i en skoleklasse.

Indvielse i Hermetikken
Initiation into Hermetics giver trin-for-trin instruktion i form af praktiske øvelser. Disse øvelser er rettet mod udvikling af krop, sjæl og ånd. Resultatet af de praktiske øvelser er udviklingen af okkulte evner, som kan være til gavn for de studerende, for så vidt som at ændre sin tilværelse til det bedre.

Bardons uddannelsessystem er omfattende. Indvielse i Hermetikken er opdelt i 10 praktiske skridt. Programmet kan yderligere underinddele hvert trin i tre områder – det mentale, astrale og fysiske – med den hensigt at udvikle alle områder af selvet på samme tid og på en afbalanceret måde. Dette er for at sikre, at den studerende kan opretholde en balance af tre organer, som accelererer fremskridt i det lange løb og minimerer skade på sig selv i vækstprocessen. Desuden sker der en rensning af personligheden, hvor man skulle blive ude af stand til at skade sine medmennesker. Dette er et vigtigt punkt i takt med at kontrollen stiger, så evnen til at gøre skade – selv utilsigtet, falder.

Mentale øvelser begynder med blot at observere sindet og fortsætte derfra, hver efterfølgende øvelse bygger på den foregående. Astrale øvelser fokuserer på systematisk katalogisering af de positive og negative aspekter ved selvet, og senere renovering og rensning af de negative aspekter til en positiv vending. De fysiske øvelser, stress, fysisk sundhed og udvikling samt integrationen og brugen af det fysiske legeme og det fysiske miljø.

Den Praktiske, Magiske Forestilling
Den Praktiske, Magiske Forestilling er Franz Bardons andet bind af De Hellige Mysterier. I magisk form, bogen er en praktisk guide til korrekt antydning af og kommunikation med guddommelige enheder i den atmosfæriske zone af omkringliggende planeter, stjerner og Månen, samt i selve Jorden. Det er en moderne undersøgelse af direkte kontakt med den universelle lærer – de andre store værker i det felt, der er produkter af middelalderens, renæssancens og reformationens perioder. Ud over at det giver et indblik i et fuldstændig magisk univers. Bardon beskriver et helt nyt og originalt hierarki af magi, fra ånder af de fire elementer til de forskellige planeter, og endda til enhver grad af stjernetegn. Navne og beskrivelser af de forskellige enheder, er en samling af helt ukendte magiske segl, samt en redegørelse for gammelkabbalistisk astrologi.

Bardons andet arbejde, der beskæftiger sig med antydning af spiritualitet, skitseres den symbolske betydning af traditionelle ritualværktøjer og tempeldesign, derefter beskrivelser af metoder til at fremmane ånder. I det væsentlige, er det tryllekunstner, der skaber et miljø, der er åben for virksomheden i templet eller andre medier åbne for kontakt. De kan derefter indtaste en trance, projicere deres bevidsthed i en sfære af den pågældende enhed, og kalde den tilbage. Bardon fremhæver to punkter: for det første, at man skal udfylde de nødvendige forudsætninger for uddannelsen, ellers bliver det ingen succes. For det andet, at du skal genkalde ånden under dens "guddommelige myndighed", ikke som en ven, da man ellers risikerer at blive manipuleret.

Nøglen til det Sande Kabbala
I Nøglen til den Sande Kabbala, viser Bardon, at mystik af bogstaver og tal – den "sande Kabbala" – er en universel undervisning af stor antik dybde. Gennem tiderne har adepter til enhver tid og sted opnået de højeste niveauer af magi gennem forståelse af lyd, farve, antal og vibrationer, som kommer til udtryk i Kabbala. Denne bog, den tredje i Bardons tekster om hermetisk magi, er en praktisk guide til at nå sådant.

De to første værker, som omhandler de første to Tarotter, er forudsætning for at forstå og gøre brug af det tredje værk. Bardon siger selv, at det er,... helt op til læseren at studere mine bøger teoretisk. Ved at gøre det, vil han tilegne sig en viden, som han ikke ville være i stand til at få fra nogen filosofisk bog. Men viden er endnu ikke visdom. Viden om udvikling af de intellektuelle funktioner i den ånd, visdom, på den anden side, kræver afbalanceret udvikling af alle fire aspekter af ånden. Derfor viden er simpel filosofi, som i sig selv alene kan gøre en mand hverken en tryllekunstner eller en Quabbalist. En lærd mand vil være i stand til at sige en masse om magi, Quabbala, osv., men han vil aldrig blive i stand til at forstå de kræfter og evner med rette. Med disse få ord har jeg forklaret læseren forskellen på filosoffen og en salvet.
—Franz Bardon, Nøglen til Den Sande Kabbala, 1975, side 12-13.Ideen er, at den Sande Kabbala ikke er en guddommelig kunst, som nogle opfattelser af det (primært i forbindelse med gematri) antyder, men en metode til at styrke bogstaver i alfabetet til at skabe magiske effekter gennem deres kombination. Bardon linker dette til tantra i Østen, men grundlaget for denne sammenligning er ikke helt klar. Ligesom i hans anden bog om afklaring, skal den studerende mindst afslutte de første otte trin af IIH for at få nogen gyldige resultater, eller have en tilsvarende uddannelse i et andet system for undgå skader på psyken som "... kan forårsage en opdeling af personligheden, skizofreni, med alle dens alvorlige konsekvenser." (Bardon, 1975, side 55). Bardon udvider på denne reel mulighed med følgende råd:... en person, der ønsker at anvende de metoder, der er på brugen af ægte kabbala på en gang, ud af ren nysgerrighed eller uovervejelse, udsætter sig for de forskellige farer. For i praksis vil han komme i kontakt med forskellige beføjelser, som han ikke vil være i stand til at kontrollere og dermed være i fare for at ødelægge sit helbred. Derfor er enhver, der ikke er tilstrækkeligt forberedt på dette trin hermed advaret.
 —Nøglen til Den Sande Kabbala, Franz Bardon, 1975, side 62.At dette skader psyken "... viser med al tydelighed hvor uforsvarligt det er, hvis skrifter af orientalsk oprindelse er fortolket forkert og oversat bogstaveligt i et intellektuel sprog" som Bardon har "... sætte den største hemmelighed i kabbalists hænder, som i den praktiske anvendelse af den firedobbelte tast, nøglen til realisering af ordet. Tusinder af år er denne hemmelighed blevet overvåget." (Bardon, 1975, side 55 og 112).

Den Gyldne Bog om Visdom
Dette er kun et fragment af et manuskript Bardon arbejdede på, men aldrig afsluttede. Denne bog skulle have omhandler det fjerde blad eller trumfkort i Tarot (Kejseren).

Tryllekunstneren Frabato
Tryllekunstneren Frabato er en fiktiv biografi udgivet som skrevet af Franz Bardon, men skrevet af Bardons sekretær, Otti Votavova. Navnet på hovedpersonen, Frabato, var Bardons kunstnernavn som optrædende tryllekunstner i Dresden, Tyskland, i begyndelsen af 1930'erne. Historien beskriver Frabatos magiske kampe med medlemmer af en kraftig og farlig black lodge, hans flugt fra Tyskland i løbet af de sidste dage af Weimar Republikken, og i begyndelsen af sin spirituelle mission, der var kulminationen i hans forfatterskab igennem en serie af klassiske bøger om Hermetisk magi. Den beskriver også de skumle okkulte kræfter, der lå bag fremkomsten af det Tredje Rige.

Metafysik
Bardons metafysisk system påbegyndes med Indvielse i Hermetikken og er udvidet i de efterfølgende bind. Den højeste virkelighed, der er Akasha, som er forbundet med både Gud og den platoniske "verden af ideer", som giver anledning til (og binder/balance) med de fire elementer jord, ild, luft og vand. Disse fire elementer udgør summen af alle de kræfter og processer i hver af de tre verdener. Bardon postulerede også "elektrisk" og "magnetiske" kræfter, brugt som udtryk for den universelle aktive og passive kræfter. Disse er udtrykt i de positive og negative aspekter af de fire elementer. Luft og jord anses begge for pseudoelementer, som kun opstår ud af samspillet mellem ild og vand.

De tre verdener, eller "planer" er som følger: det mentale plan er den højeste virkelighed, bortset fra den fuldente Akasha, og er det sande og evige ego. Hvor Akasha i en vis forstand er en verden af ideer, det er det mentale plan, der sætter disse ideer i bevægelse. Det astrale plan er det næste trin, der indeholder arketyper af den fysiske verden og til en vis grad den vitale energi bag den; den fysiske verden er den laveste af de planer der findes, og det kræver lidt forklaring. Hver af disse verdener danner en matrix til verden under det. Da mennesker også har tre organer, der svarer til deres tilstedeværelse i hver af de tre verdener, afbrydelse af forbindelsen mellem to af disse organer, vil medføre, at opløsningen af de lavere former (eller død). Sådanne ting som astral projektion er stadig muligt, da de kun indebærer at løsne holdet mellem organer.

Mennesker anses for at være specielle, fordi de alene er "tetrapolære", eller i sagens natur indeholder alle fire elementer, plus den femte, Akasha eller det Guddommelige element. Dette koncept er grundlaget for meget af Bardons uddannelse, som kræver udvikling af den tetrapolære balance, så den kan blive ordentlig igen — først derefter kan der indledes en åndelig fremgang. Bardon fremhæver gentagne gange at indledningen kun kan udvikles igennem en forståelse af sig selv og sit univers inden for rammerne af bevidsthed og åndelig modenhed. Dermed er den mere afbalanceret, en mere udviklet elev har adgang til en mere omfattende virkelighed. Og på grund af mere magisk kraft som en sidevirkning.

Noter

Henvisninger

Eksterne links

  Citater relateret til Franz Bardon på Wikiquote

Faglitterære forfattere fra Tjekkiet
Okkulte forfattere

Franz Bardon


El copetón bobito (Myiarchus stolidus), también denominado atrapamoscas juí o manuelito (en la República Dominicana), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Tyrannidae perteneciente al numeroso género Myiarchus. Se encuentra en La Española y Jamaica.

Distribución y hábitat
Se encuentra en las grandes islas antillanas de Jamaica y La Española (República Dominicana y Haití) e islas aledañas.

Esta especie es considerada común en sus hábitats naturales: los bosques de tierras bajas y sus bordes, bosques áridos, matorrales y bosques de manglares. También en pinares (Pinus) o remanentes pero no en plantaciones de café en La Española. Es menos frecuente en bordes de bosques húmedos de elevaciones medias. Hasta los 1800 m de altitud.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie M. stolidus fue descrita por primera vez por el ornitólogo británico Philip Henry Gosse en 1847 bajo el nombre científico Myiobius stolidus; su localidad tipo es: «Jamaica».

Etimología
El nombre genérico masculino «Myiarchus» se compone de las palabras del griego «μυια muia, μυιας muias» que significa 'mosca', y «αρχος arkhos» que significa 'jefe'; y el nombre de la especie «stolidus», en latín significa 'tonto', 'estúpido'.

Taxonomía
Ya fue considerado conespecífico con Myiarchus sagrae y Myiarchus antillarum.

Subespecies
Según las clasificaciones del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) y Clements Checklist/eBird se reconocen dos subespecies, con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:

 Myiarchus stolidus dominicensis (), 1867 – La Española (Haiti, República Dominicana) e islas adyacentes (Gonâve, Tortuga, Grande Cayemite, isla de la Vaca, Beata, Catalina, Saona).
 Myiarchus stolidus stolidus (), 1847 – Jamaica.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Myiarchus stolidus en eBird.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Myiarchus stolidus en xeno-canto.

stolidus
Aves del Caribe
Animales descritos en 1847
Taxones descritos por Philip Henry Gosse

Myiarchus stolidus


An Dryadorchis barbellata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Dryadorchis barbellata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dryadorchis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dryadorchis

Dryadorchis barbellata


Giovanni Pellielo (Vercelli, Italija, 11. siječnja 1970.) je talijanski streljaš koji nastupa u disciplini trap. U svojoj bogatoj sportskoj karijeri osvojio je tri olimpijska srebra i jednu broncu zbog čega je dobio brojna nacionalna odlikovanja. To su: Viteški red zasluga Talijanske Republike (2000.), Red zasluga Talijanske Republike (2004.) i Zapovjednički red Talijanske Republike (2008.).

Izvori

Športski strijelci
Talijanski športaši
Svjetski prvaci u streljaštvu

Giovanni Pellielo


İskilip dolması, adını Çorum'un İskilip ilçesinden alan özel gün ve toplantılarda yapılan özgün bir pilav türü.Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır. Çoğunlukla sünnet ve düğün davetlerinde yapılır.

İskilip Dolması lenger denilen özel kaplarda servis edilir.

İskilip dolması için Kastamonu ilinin ilçesi ve İskilip'in komşusu olan Tosya'da yetişen akçeltik pirinci kullanılır.

Hazırlanışı

Yaklaşık 1 m yüksekliğinde ve çapındaki kazanlar kullanılır. Kazanların düdüklü tencere özelliği gösterebilmeleri için kapaklarının üstüne ağır bir cisim konulur ve çok küçük bir kısmı hariç kapağın çevresi hamurla kapatılır. Hamurla kapatılmayan bu kısım düdüklü tenceredeki düdüğün vazifesini görür.

İlk aşamada pirinçler bol miktarda hayvansal yağ (sığır iç yağı veya kuyruk yağı) ve soğan ile kavrulur. Kavrulan pirinçler daha sonra "ca" adı verilen bez çuvallara doldurulur.

Pilav kazanının içine yerleştirilen sacayak üzerine pirinç doldurulmuş ca yerleştirilir. Amaç sacayağı sayesinde ca ile etin temasını kesmektir. Kazanın en dibinde et ve et suyu olur. Kazanlar ertesi günün ilk ışıklarına kadar kısık meşe odunu veya katı meyve odununun ateşinde bekletilir ve pirinçlerin alttaki et suyunun buharıyla pişerek pilav haline gelmesi sağlanır. Hazırlanan dolma sabah namazından çıkan insanlara lenger denilen özel kaplarda on iki kişilik masalarda sirke salatası ile servis edilir.

Kaynakça

İskilip mutfağı

İskilip dolması


Max de Terra (Zurich, Švicarska, 6. listopada 1918. – Zurich, Švicarska, 29. prosinca 1982.) je bio švicarski vozač automobilističkih utrka.

U Formuli 1 je nastupio na dvije VN Švicarske 1952. i 1953., no nije uspio osvojiti bodove.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Max de Terra - Stats F1

Švicarski vozači Formule 1
Švicarski automobilisti

Max de Terra


El término diligencia debida () se emplea para conceptos que impliquen la investigación de una empresa o persona previa a la firma de un contrato o una ley con cierta diligencia de cuidado. Puede tratarse de una obligación legal, pero el término comúnmente es más aplicable a investigaciones voluntarias. Un ejemplo habitual de diligencia debida en varias industrias es el proceso por el cual un comprador potencial evalúa una empresa objetivo o sus activos de cara a una adquisición.

La teoría de la diligencia debida sostiene que llevar a cabo este tipo de investigación contribuye significativamente a una toma de decisiones informada al optimizar la calidad y cantidad de información disponible de quienes toman estas decisiones y al asegurar que esta información sea usada sistemáticamente para deliberar de una manera reflexiva la decisión en cuestión y todos sus costos, riesgos y beneficios.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Finanzas
Derecho penal

Diligencia debida


Tamzali est un patronyme porté notamment par :

 Haydée Tamzali (1906-1998), actrice tunisienne ;
 Wassyla Tamzali (1941-), avocate algérienne et directrice du programme sur la condition des femmes de l'UNESCO.

Tamzali


Les épreuves de hockey sur gazon aux Jeux du Commonwealth 2018 s'est déroulé sur la Gold Coast, en Australie du 5 au 14 avril. La compétition de hockey a eu lieu au Gold Coast Hockey Centre. C'est la sixième fois que la compétition de hockey sur gazon a lieu, après les débuts du sport aux Jeux de 1998.

Calendrier de la compétition
Voici le calendrier des compétitions pour les compétitions de hockey sur gazon:

Qualification
Au total, dix équipes masculines et féminines se sont qualifiées pour participer aux jeux. Chaque nation peut inscrire une équipe dans chaque tournoi (18 athlètes par équipe) pour un total maximum de 36 athlètes. Le pays hôte (Australie) ainsi que les neuf premières nations classées dans le classement mondial au 31 octobre 2017, se sont qualifiés pour les jeux.

Qualification masculine

Qualification féminine

Tournoi masculin

Le concours se composait de deux étapes; une phase de groupes suivie d'une phase à élimination directe.

Phase de groupes
Les équipes ont été divisées en deux groupes de cinq nations, affrontant chaque équipe de leur groupe une fois. Trois points étaient attribués pour une victoire, un pour un match nul. Les deux meilleures équipes de chaque groupe se sont qualifiées pour les demi-finales.

Groupe A

Source: FIH

En cas d'égalité de points de plusieurs équipes à l'issue des matchs de poule, les critères suivants sont appliqués dans l'ordre indiqué pour établir leur classement.
 Points,
 Matchs gagnés,
 Différence de buts,
 Buts marqués,
 Face à face.

Groupe B

Source: FIH

En cas d'égalité de points de plusieurs équipes à l'issue des matchs de poule, les critères suivants sont appliqués dans l'ordre indiqué pour établir leur classement.
 Points,
 Matchs gagnés,
 Différence de buts,
 Buts marqués,
 Face à face.

Tour pour les médailles

Tournoi féminin

Le concours se composait de deux étapes; une phase de groupes suivie d'une phase à élimination directe.

Phase de groupes
Les équipes ont été divisées en deux groupes de cinq nations, affrontant chaque équipe de leur groupe une fois. Trois points étaient attribués pour une victoire, un pour un match nul. Les deux meilleures équipes de chaque groupe se sont qualifiées pour les demi-finales.

Groupe A

Source: FIH

En cas d'égalité de points de plusieurs équipes à l'issue des matchs de poule, les critères suivants sont appliqués dans l'ordre indiqué pour établir leur classement.
 Points,
 Matchs gagnés,
 Différence de buts,
 Buts marqués,
 Face à face.

Groupe B

Source: FIH

En cas d'égalité de points de plusieurs équipes à l'issue des matchs de poule, les critères suivants sont appliqués dans l'ordre indiqué pour établir leur classement.
 Points,
 Matchs gagnés,
 Différence de buts,
 Buts marqués,
 Face à face.

Tour pour les médailles

Nations participantes
Il y a 11 nations participantes aux compétitions de hockey avec un total de 360 athlètes. Le nombre d'athlètes inscrits par une nation est entre parenthèses à côté du nom du pays.

  Australie (36)
  Canada (36)
  Angleterre (36)

  Inde (36)
  Malaisie (36)
  Nouvelle-Zélande (36)

  Écosse (36)
  Afrique du Sud (36)
  Pays de Galles (36)

  Ghana (18)
  Pakistan (18)

Références

Jeux du Commonwealth de 2018
Hockey sur gazon aux Jeux du Commonwealth
Jeux du Commonwealth 2018
Jeux du Commonwealth

Hockey sur gazon aux Jeux du Commonwealth de 2018


في الرياضيات ، تباين الأخوين ماركوف هو تباين مثبت من قبل عالم الرياضيات الروسي آندريه ماركوف للجزء  و من قبل أخيه الأصغر فلاديمير ماركوف للجزء .

الفرضية
لنفرض أن  هو متعدد حدود من الدرجة . إذًا:

المصادر

 N.I.Achiezer (Akhiezer), Theory of approximation, Translated from the Russian and with a preface by Charles J.~Hyman, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1992. x+307 pp.
 A.A.Markov, On a question by D.I.Mendeleev, Zap. Imp. Akad. Nauk SPb. 62 (1890), 1-24
 V.A.Markov, O funktsiyakh, naimeneye uklonyayushchikhsya ot nulya v dannom promezhutke (1892). Appeared in German with a foreword by سيرغي ناتانوفيتش بيرنشتين as Über Polynome, die in einem gegebenen Intervalle möglichst wenig von Null abweichen, Math. Ann. 77 (1916), 213-258

مبرهنات في التحليل الرياضي
متباينات

تباين الأخوين ماركوف


The City Loop (originally called the Melbourne Underground Rail Loop or MURL) is a piece of underground commuter rail infrastructure in the central business district (CBD) of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

The loop includes three underground stations: Flagstaff, Melbourne Central (formerly Museum) and Parliament. The loop connects to Melbourne's two busiest stations, Flinders Street and Southern Cross, and together with the Flinders Street Viaduct forms a ring of four individual tracks around the CBD.

Eleven metropolitan lines of the Melbourne rail network run through the City Loop, organised into four separate groups, the Burnley, Caulfield, Clifton Hill, and Northern groups. Each group has its own dedicated single-track tunnel, with trains running on balloon loops around the CBD. The Loop follows La Trobe and Spring Streets along the northern and eastern edges of the CBD's street grid.

Although concepts for an underground railway had been raised since the 1920s, planning was not seriously progressed until the 1960s. The 1970 Melbourne Underground Rail Loop Act finalised the design and established an authority to oversee construction of the project. Tunnelling works began in 1972 and the Loop commenced operation in 1981 with the opening of Museum station, now Melbourne Central. The loop was fully complete in 1985 with the opening of Flagstaff station.

A new CBD rail tunnel, the Metro Tunnel, is currently under construction to relieve pressure on the City Loop, and when it opens in 2025 will see the Pakenham, Cranbourne and Sunbury metropolitan lines removed from the loop.

History
Before the Loop was constructed, Flinders Street and Spencer Street (now called Southern Cross) stations were connected only by the four track Flinders Street Viaduct besides the Yarra River. The suburban terminus of Flinders Street had become seriously congested by the 1970s, with a throughput of only ten trains per platform per hour (roughly 1,700 trains a day) — compared to a maximum of 24 if there was through running. Many trains were through routed from the southern and eastern suburbs to the north and west, but the flow was imbalanced and a number of trains were required to reverse their direction. The Epping and Hurstbridge lines stood alone from the rest of the network, having Princes Bridge station for their own exclusive use.

Several plans had been proposed over the preceding decades to alleviate the bottleneck. The one that was adopted was the building of a circular railway allowing trains to continue past Flinders Street, turn around and return to the suburbs. It was expected to boost platform capacity, allowing more trains per platform per hour on the same number of Flinders Street platforms. The loop would also bring train commuters directly into the northern and eastern sections of the CBD, delivering workers closer to their offices, students closer to RMIT University, and government officials directly to the Parliament buildings. Although the city's tram network already covered the CBD extensively, trams are not as efficient as trains when bringing large numbers of commuters into the city.

Planning

Plans for an underground city railway in Melbourne are almost as old as electrification of the network itself. In 1929, the Metropolitan Town Planning Commission released a report recommending an underground city bypass from Richmond to North Melbourne stations via Exhibition and Victoria streets. The 1940 Victorian Railways Ashworth Improvement Plan recommended a different approach, with additional platforms at the Flinders Street/Princes Bridge station complex to be built over two levels, along with a connection to an underground City Railway. The Victorian Railways promoted another route in 1950 as part of the Operation Phoenix rehabilitation plan, the line running from Richmond towards Jolimont station, under the Fitzroy Gardens and Lonsdale Street then turning north to North Melbourne station. A branch line turned north from William Street, and went through the Flagstaff Gardens. In 1954 the Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works released their Planning Scheme for Melbourne report, which included the Richmond – North Melbourne Lonsdale Street route.

A Parliamentary Committee on Public Works reported favourably on a city loop in 1954, and in 1958 a City Underground Railway Committee was appointed by the Transport Minister. It stated bluntly that the aim of the loop was not just to relieve crowding at Flinders Street, but to win back patronage from private cars, and if it did not then the project was a waste of time and resources. The plan included four stations, being cut to the present three by the elimination of one under Latrobe Street.

The 'City of Melbourne Underground Railway Construction Act' was passed in 1960, and test bores were sunk by the Mines Department in 1961, but no funding was provided. Throughout the next few years many proposals were made for providing more car parking in the city, so in 1963 the Government set up the Metropolitan Transportation Committee to look at both road and rail transport. It released a report in 1965 that included the same rail plan as the 1960 Act.

Construction

Following the 1969 Melbourne Transportation Plan, the Melbourne Underground Rail Loop Act 1970 was introduced into parliament by Transport Minister Vernon Wilcox, and the Melbourne Underground Rail Loop Authority (MURLA) was created on 1 January 1971 to oversee the construction and operation of the loop. The City of Melbourne, the Melbourne & Metropolitan Board of Works and the Victorian Railways all made annual contributions to support the operating costs of the authority. An unsuccessful request for funding was made to the Federal Government.

The project was financed using debentures, with the State Government paying 60% of the cost and a special city levy from 1963 funding the remainder. The levy was supposed to be in place for forty years (until 2003), but was ended in 1995. A consortium of four engineering companies was established to construct the project: one from Australia, one from the United Kingdom, one from Canada and one from the United States of America. On 22 June 1971, the first sod of the project was turned by Wilcox in the middle of the Jolimont rail yards.

Tunnelling works under the city streets commenced in June 1972, using a tunnel boring machine built by Richmond engineering firm Jaques Limited. as well as conventional boring methods. At North Melbourne, Spencer Street and Jolimont Yard, cut and cover tunnelling was used to build the access ramps, with the above ground running lines being slewed from time to time as work proceeded. The first completed tunnel was the Burnley Loop, with the final breakthrough made on 8 June 1977 near the Museum station site.

The loop comprises four single-track tunnels on two levels, and includes +four pre-existing elevated tracks between Flinders Street and Spencer Street stations. A new double track concrete viaduct was erected beside the existing quadruple track Flinders Street Viaduct in order to replace capacity for non-loop trains. Construction began in 1975 and was completed in 1978. Of the three new stations, Museum was built using the cut and cover method in a  box, while Flagstaff and Parliament were excavated using mining methods. During the excavation of Museum station, La Trobe Street and its tram tracks were temporarily relocated to the south onto the site of what is now the Melbourne Central Shopping Centre from December 1973, and were moved back in 1978.

The total length of tunnels in the loop is  with  of circular tunnels, and  of box tunnels. The four tunnels have an average length of , with a further  of track connecting with surface tracks. Some  of earth was removed and  of concrete poured to form the stations and line the tunnel walls.

A "double sleeper" floating track system was used to solve the problem of ground-transmitted vibration and track noise, and the loop has some of the best-designed and quietest underground stations in the world. At the time of its construction, Parliament station had the Southern Hemisphere's longest escalators.

Traction power was turned on in October 1980, and the first test train ran on 4 December 1980. In 1965, the cost of the project had been estimated at between £30 and £35 million but, by 1975, inflation had resulted in it rising to $255,600,000. While the final cost was $500 million, the opening of the loop helped reverse a 30-year trend of falling suburban rail patronage.

Opening
Queen Elizabeth II toured Museum station during her visit to Australia in May 1980, and opened the plaza on top of the Swanston Street entrance, which was named Queen Elizabeth Plaza. Two short documentary films, Loop and Action Loop, were commissioned by the MURLA to advertise the new railway to Melburnians, as well as abroad. A third film was planned, but never shot.The loop was opened gradually between 1981 and 1985. Museum station and the Burnley and Caulfield tunnels opened first, on 24 January 1981. The City Circle tunnel opened with special services on 6 December 1981, and Clifton Hill services started using the loop on 31 October 1982. Parliament station opened on 22 January 1983, the Northern tunnel on 7 January 1985 (14 January 1985 with limited services) and Flagstaff station on 27 May 1985.

Recent
In 2021, seven-car High Capacity Metro Trains were introduced to the City Loop on the Caulfield tunnel. As part of that, signalling infrastructure was altered and operations of the Caulfield loop were changed to run consistently anti-clockwise around the loop all-day, every day.

In January 2023, the City Loop and its three stations were closed for two weeks to allow for major safety upgrades to the stations and tunnels. The works will upgrade smoke detection systems, extraction systems, fire detection, fire hydrants, CCTV, and intruder-detection systems. The upgrade was originally started under the Napthine Liberal government in 2014 and was significant delayed after the collapse of the contractor while works were underway. The cost ballooned from an estimated $43 million in 2014 to $469 million in 2023.

Future

Metro Tunnel

Construction began in 2017 on the Metro Tunnel, a new heavy rail tunnel through the Melbourne central business district designed to relieve congestion on the City Loop tunnels. The  dual tunnels are set to open by 2025. The north-south tunnels were first recommended by the Eddington Transport Study in 2008 as a way to increase the central city's rail capacity. The tunnel involves the construction of five new underground stations at Arden, Parkville, State Library, Town Hall and Anzac. There will be direct underground pedestrian interchanges with City Loop and other metropolitan services at State Library with Melbourne Central station, and at Town Hall with Flinders Street station.

This Metro Tunnel will create a new cross-city rail corridor, upgrading and connecting the Pakenham and Cranbourne lines in Melbourne's south-east to the Sunbury line in Melbourne's north-west. Once complete the Cranbourne, Pakenham and Sunbury lines will be taken out of the City Loop, allowing for an increase in services on the Craigieburn and Upfield lines. The Frankston line will be returned to the City Loop and have dedicated use in the Caulfield tunnel, while Sandringham line trains will run through to Williamstown and Werribee via the Flinders Street Viaduct.

Reconfiguration

The Network Development Plan – Metropolitan Rail in 2012 proposed reconfiguring the City Loop. Once complete, the reconfiguration would help the network to run seven independent lines with dedicated access in the CBD. The proposal was again included in the 30-year Infrastructure Strategy for 2021–2051 from the independent government advisory body Infrastructure Victoria, as recommendation 60.

The project would see up to  of new tunnel built, creating new entrances to the existing City Loop tunnels. Two of the four City Loop tunnels would be 'split' from the loop, and run as an independent pair of underground cross-city tracks from Richmond station to North Melbourne station. This would allow more trains to pass through the city rather than travelling around the City Loop, and would free up a pair of tracks between Flinders Street station and Southern Cross on the Flinders Street Viaduct for a second cross-city route. According to Infrastructure Victoria, the project would deliver two-thirds of the capacity uplift of the Metro Tunnel for a fraction of the cost.

The main purpose of reconfiguring the City Loop is to allow more services to operate across the network using existing infrastructure. Infrastructure Victoria in its 30-year strategy argued the Craigieburn metropolitan line, the Shepparton regional line and the Seymour regional line would reach capacity in the 2030s, and the City Loop would be heavily congested by 2036. After the Metro Tunnel opens, services would still be constrained by the Craigieburn line sharing a single City Loop track with the Upfield line. Reconfiguration would allow both lines to run more services, and allow more frequent services on the Glen Waverley and Frankston lines.

Infrastructure Victoria envisioned Glen Waverley and Alamein services running through to the Upfield line via the Flinders Street Viaduct and Frankston services running through to the Craigieburn line via the reconfigured City Loop track pair, which differs from the post-reconfiguration network outlined in stage 4 of the 2012 Network Development Plan.

The reconfiguration would also allow for suburban extensions of the rail network, including extending the Upfield line to the northern growth suburbs of Donnybrook, Beveridge and Wallan. Infrastructure Victoria recommended the state government complete a business case into the project.

Layout
The City Loop consists of four independent single-track tunnels, and services operate as four balloon loops, two of which operate one way during the morning and the other way in the afternoon. The City Loop has four tracks on two levels and all stations have four platforms. The four tunnels have portals on both the eastern and western ends of the city centre. The Burnley and Caulfield tunnels run mostly parallel to each other, beginning at Richmond and ending at Southern Cross. The Clifton Hill tunnel's Western End begins at Southern Cross, the tunnel is the only one that serves as a full loop, as the tunnel splits into two after Parliament branching off to both Jolimont and Flinders Street.

Services and direction of travel

All metropolitan lines on the Melbourne rail network except for the Stony Point line serve Flinders Street station, but not all of these lines serve the City Loop. Trains on the Frankston line operate to Werribee and Williamstown via Flinders Street while Sandringham services operate directly to Flinders Street in both directions.

The eleven remaining metropolitan lines serve the City Loop and are organised into four separate groups: Burnley, Caulfield, Clifton Hill, and Northern. Each group has its own dedicated single track tunnel, and carries several lines. The Alamein, Belgrave, Craigieburn, Cranbourne, Glen Waverley, Hurstbridge, Lilydale, Mernda, Pakenham, Sunbury, and Upfield lines all run through the loop, although some services run direct to Flinders Street station.

Stopping patterns alternate during weekdays on the Northern and Burnley Groups, with trains switching directions during the day, whereas on the Clifton Hill and Caulfield groups stopping patterns remain consistent all day.

Burnley group

The Burnley group consists of the Belgrave, Lilydale, Alamein, and Glen Waverley railway lines. The line is one of two that change operations in the middle of the day. Trains operate anti-clockwise through the loop during weekday mornings and clockwise during weekday afternoons and weekends. Citybound trains from Glen Waverley will not travel via the City Loop on weekday mornings and will instead travel direct to Flinders Street. During afternoon peak Alamein and Blackburn services will run direct to and from Flinders Street, while on weekends all Alamein services terminate at Camberwell and thus do not travel via the City Loop.

Prior to 2011, Glen Waverley trains operated via the City Loop during morning peak, while Alamein and Blackburn services operated direct to Flinders Street.

Caulfield group

The Caulfield group consists of the Pakenham and Cranbourne lines. The line operates anti-clockwise through the City Loop all day, entering the Loop at Parliament and leaving at Flinders Street.

Major changes were made to the Northern and Caulfield group tunnels in 2021. Previously, the Frankston and Sandringham lines also operated via the Caulfield tunnel. Services also operated clockwise during weekday afternoons while running anti-clockwise during weekday mornings and weekends.

When the Metro Tunnel opens in 2025, Pakenham and Cranbourne services will be pulled out of the loop and instead will operate to Sunbury. Frankston services will return to the loop in the Caulfield group tunnel.

Clifton Hill group

The Clifton Hill group consists of the Hurstbridge and Mernda lines. The line was the first to operate in a consistent direction all day. All services on the group operate in a clockwise direction all day, entering the city at Flinders Street and leaving after Parliament.

Prior to 2008, services operated anti-clockwise during weekday mornings similar to the Burnley Group. From 2008 to 2013 services ran clockwise on weekdays and anti-clockwise on weekends. The main reason for the current operational direction is because of the flat junction at Jolimont, which prevents inbound trains from running anti-clockwise without crossing the outbound tracks.

The Clifton Hill tunnel is the only tunnel able to operate as a full loop as the tunnel breaks off towards both Jolimont and Flinders Street after Parliament. Previously this tunnel was used to operate the full time City Circle train line that ran on a permanent loop around the CBD, however in 1993 this service replaced by the surface-level City Circle tram. The tunnel is still used partially as an alternative form of transport in cases where some lines are temporarily shut down.

Northern group
The Northern group consists of the Craigieburn, Sunbury, and Upfield lines. Services operate clockwise on weekday mornings and weekends and operate anti-clockwise during weekday afternoons and evenings.

On 31 January 2021, there were major changes to the Northern and Caulfield group tunnels. Prior to this, Werribee services also operated through the loop during weekends, but the line was rerouted to operate to Frankston to increase service reliability on both the Cross-City and Northern groups.

In 2025, Sunbury services will cease operation in the City Loop and will instead connect with the Pakenham and Cranbourne lines via the new Metro Tunnel, allowing greater service frequency on the Craigieburn and Upfield lines.

Summary table

Stations

The City Loop has three underground railway stations at Parliament, Melbourne Central, and Flagstaff. The stations were opened in the 1980s, with Melbourne Central being the oldest, opening in 1981, and Flagstaff the last to open in 1985. Each railway station features four tracks with two island platforms stacked on top of each other.

Parliament
Parliament station opened in 1983 and serves the eastern end of the CBD. The station has entrances on Lonsdale Street and on Macarthur Street. The station gets its name from its proximity to the Parliament of Victoria. The station has interchanges with three tram routes on Nicholson Street and two tram routes on Macarthur Street.

Melbourne Central

Melbourne Central opened in 1981 as Museum Station. The station received its original name from the Melbourne Museum, which was located within the State Library of Victoria. The station's name was change in 1997 to Melbourne Central following the 1991 redevelopment of the site above the station to Melbourne Central Shopping Centre and the relocation of the Melbourne Museum to a new building in Carlton Gardens.

Melbourne Central station is unique as it has only one direct street-facing entrance to the station on Elizabeth Street, with a second entrance located inside of the shopping centre. The station interchanges with 15 bus routes on Lonsdale Street, three tram routes on Elizabeth street, eight tram routes on Swanston Street and two tram routes on La Trobe Street.

Flagstaff

Flagstaff station opened in 1985 and serves the Western end of the CBD. The station owes its name because of its proximity to Flagstaff Gardens, which is just north of the station. The station features two entrances on the William/La Trobe street intersection. The station interchanges with two tram routes on Latrobe Street and two tram routes on William Street

References

External links

Public Transport Victoria
Zen and the City Loop (a more detailed explanation of the five train direction configurations)
Department of Transport – City Loop history and photo page
Railpage – Publicity leaflets circa 1970
Metro Trains Melbourne website

Railway lines opened in 1981
Tunnels completed in 1981
Railway lines in Melbourne
Railway tunnels in Victoria (state)
Railway loop lines
Underground commuter rail
Melbourne City Centre
Public transport routes in the City of Melbourne (LGA)
1500 V DC railway electrification

City Loop


An Isidrogalvia in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Isidrogalvia in nahilalakip ha familia nga Tofieldiaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Isidrogalvia

Isidrogalvia


An Microchilus forceps in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Paul Ormerod, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Paul Ormerod. An Microchilus forceps in nahilalakip ha genus nga Microchilus, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Microchilus (Orchidaceae)

Microchilus forceps


هدى هاني (18 سبتمبر 1978 -)؛ ممثلة مصرية.

عن حياتها
نشأت هدى في عائلة فنية فعمتها في الفنانة هناء الشوربجي، و بدأت التمثيل مذ كان عمرها ست سنوات أمام الفنانين محمد صبحي وسعاد نصر في مسرحية الهمجي كما إنها كانت تشارك في برامج الأطفال التلفزيون المصري، ولكن شهرتها ظهرت خلال «شخصية جهاد» في مسلسل يوميات ونيس مع الفنان محمد صبحي وشاركت بجميع أجزاء المسلسل حتى الجزء السابع، شاركت بالعديد من الأعمال الأخرى ولم تظهر بالأعمال السينمائية إلا مرات قليلة، وهي متزوجة من المصور «أسامة بركات».

أعمالها

من المسلسلات
 يوميات ونيس - 11 أجزاء.
 أحزان مريم.
 أحلامك أوامر.
 العطار والسبع بنات.
 وعد ومش مكتوب.
 العار.
 الخواجة عبد القادر.
 مسلسل العائلة والناس.
 الحب بعد المداولة.

في المسرح
 الهمجي.
 ماما أمريكا.
 المدرسين والدروس خصوصية.
 عائلة ونيس.

روابط خارجية

المراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
ممثلات مصريات في القرن 20
مواليد 1398 هـ
مواليد 1978
ممثلات مصريات في القرن 21
ممثلات أطفال مصريات
ممثلات من القاهرة
مواليد في القاهرة
ممثلات أفلام مصريات
ممثلات تلفزيون مصريات
ممثلات مسرح مصريات

هدى هاني


Diogo Ferreira Tribolet de Abreu (nascido em 5 de setembro de 1993) é um atleta português da ginástica de trampolim. Participou dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016 no Rio de Janeiro, onde foi eliminado na fase de qualificação, e dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2020 em Tóquio, onde ficou em 11º lugar no trampolim individual. Conquistou várias medalhas em campeonatos mundiais e europeus, sendo a mais recente o ouro por equipes no Mundial de 2022 em Sofia, Bulgária.

Ginastas olímpicos

Diogo Abreu


May Alvos de Sousa (Chicago, 6 de novembro de 1884 – 8 de agosto de 1948) foi uma atriz de teatro e cantora norte-americana.

Biografia
May nasceu na cidade de Chicago, em 1884. Era filha do investigador de polícia, John De Sousa (1856 – 1941), filho de portugueses, e sua esposa norte-americana, Carrie (1861—1910). O casal ainda teve mais um filho, Marvin De Sousa (1891—1921). Sua fama veio em 1898, como vocalista na música "Dear Midnight of Love", de John Coughlin.

Carreira
Ainda uma adolescente, em 1901, ela chamou a atenção de Frank L. Perley, dono de uma companhia de comédia chamada The Chaperons. Com 34 papéis e um coral de 60 cantores, era o mair espetáculo musical em cartaz nos Estados Unidos na época. May fazia parte do coral e atuava nos espetáculos. Em seguida, ela foi contratada como substituta da Alice Nielson em San Francisco e em 1902 teve a oportunidade de acompanhá-la a Londres, mas recusou devido ao medo da travessia marítima. Em vez disso, ela se juntou ao elenco da imensamente popular e longa ópera "The Chaperons". Em abril de 1904, May foi contratada para substituir Bessie Wynn no papel de Sir Dashemoff Daily em O Mágico de Oz e em setembro daquele ano seguiu a mesma atriz em Babes in Toyland, uma opereta.

May precisou superar o medo da travessia e embarcou para Londres onde estreou nos palcos ingleses na peça Cinderella, no Theatre Royal. Outros sucessos nos palcos britânicos foram Castles in Spain, The Geisha e The Girls of Gottenberg. Embora sua voz a tivesse lançado firmemente em papéis em óperas leves e de comédia,  May ansiava por uma oportunidade de se provar como atriz dramática e teve a oportunidade quando o famoso ator francês Monsieur de Max quis apresentá-la a Paris como 'Julieta' para seu 'Romeu'. Mas seu francês era muito ruim e, embora de Max estivesse disposto a pagar suas despesas por seis meses enquanto ela se preparava para o papel, foi forçada a recusar.

Seis meses fora de sua carreira era um luxo que ela não podia pagar, então ela continuou com seus papéis de comédia musical. Dois anos depois, May foi a Paris, onde foi recebida com entusiasmo pelo público francês. Voltando para sua casa nos Estados Unidos após esse evento, ela foi temporariamente dada como desaparecida por seus pais quando não foi vista por mais de cinco semanas.

May era uma estrela dos dois lados do Atlântico, mas uma tragédia se abateu sobre a família em 1910. Sua mãe foi encontrada morta em um quarto cheio de gás da calefação. Não foi determinado se o caso foi um suicídio ou um infeliz acidente. Em abril do mesmo ano, ela se casou com um corretor da bolsa, Eaton Arthur Haines, em Nova Iorque. Porém, desde o começo, o casamento era problemático. Ele mentiu sobre sua fortuna e batia em May com frequência, tomando o cuidado de não bater no rosto. Após dois anos turbulentos ela se separou de Haines e se divorciou em 1914 alegando problemas financeiros e espancamento.

Retomando a carreira, May esteve na França pouco antes da eclosão da Primeira Guerra Mundial e conseguiu fugir da invasão alemã. May atuou na peça The Count of Luxembourg, no Daly's Theatre, em Londres, mas em 1913, ela declarou falência. Em 1918, May se aposentou dos palcos. Em uma produção na Austrália, ela conheceu o médico local, William E. O'Hara, com quem se casou e o casal se mudou para Xangai, onde morou por muitos anos.

Retorno
Com a eclosão da Segunda Guerra Mundial, cidadãos norte-americanos na Ásia passaram a ser vistos com desconfiança. Em 1943, após sete meses de prisão como prisioneira civil sob os japoneses no Chapei Civil Assembly Center, em Xangai, e viúva, ela retornou aos Estados Unidos no MS Gripsholm. De volta à sua cidade natal, May conseguiu emprego como faxineira de escola. Os anos e, principalmente, os meses no campo japonês, levaram sua beleza e saúde embora. May foi forçada a abandonar o emprego por estar fraca demais para trabalhar.

Morte
Sem condições de se sustentar, sem dinheiro e com a saúde frágil, May morreu em 8 de agosto de 1948, aos 63 anos, em um hospital de caridade, em Chicago. Seu corpo permaneceu no necrotério por vários dias, sem que nenhum parente viesse reclamá-lo, e ela foi sepultada em um cemitério de indigentes na cidade três dias depois.

Ligações externas

May De Sousa; Stagebeauty.net
MementoMori, retrato

Naturais de Chicago
Atrizes dos Estados Unidos
Cantoras dos Estados Unidos

May de Sousa


O minciună gogonată (titlu original: Big Fat Liar) este un film american de comedie din 2002 regizat de Shawn Levy și produs de Brian Robbins și Mike Tollin. Este creat în genurile aventuri, de comedie, cu adolescenți. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Frankie Muniz, Paul Giamatti, Amanda Bynes, Amanda Detmer, Donald Faison, Lee Majors, Russell Hornsby și Kenan Thompson. Scenariul este scris de Dan Schneider  pe baza unei povestiri de Schneider și Brian Robbins.

Prezentare

Marty Wolf (Giamatti) este un producător de film care fură lucrarea scrisă la școală de Jason Shepherd (Muniz), un elev de 14 ani. Cu ajutorul acestei lucrări Marty realizează  un film de mare succes. Jason și prietenii săi vin la Los Angeles pentru ca Marty să recunoască că scenariul este opera lui Jason. Marty refuză să spună adevărul și astfel începe o răzbunare în stil mare împotriva lui.

Distribuție
 Frankie Muniz - Jason Shepherd
 Paul Giamatti - Marty Wolf
 Amanda Bynes - Kaylee
 Donald Faison - Frank Jackson
 Russell Hornsby - Marcus Duncan
 Amanda Detmer - Monty Kirkham
 Michael Bryan French - Harry Shepherd
 Christine Tucci - Carol Shepherd
 Alex Breckenridge - Janie Shepherd
 Sandra Oh - Ms. Phyllis Caldwell
 Rebecca Corry - Astrid Barker
 Jaleel White - rolul său
 Lee Majors - Vince
 Sean O'Bryan - Leo
 Amy Hill - Jocelyn Davis
 John Cho - Dusty Wong
 Taran Killam - Bret Callaway
 Jake Minor  -Aaron
 Kyle Swann - Brett
 Sparkle (born Rachel Glusman) - bunica Pearl
 Ted Rooney -  profesoara plictisită
 Chris Ott -  Shandra Duncan
 Brian Turk - The Masher
 John Gatins - George
 Don Yesso - Rocko Malone
 Pat O'Brien -  rolul său

Producție
Filmările au avut loc la Universal Studios Hollywood, platourile Flash Flood, Los Angeles International Airport, precum și în Glendale, Monrovia, Pasadena și Whittier, California. Cheltuielile de producție s-au ridicat la 15 milioane $.

Lansare și primire
A avut încasări de 53 de milioane $.

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 Listă de filme produse de Universal Pictures
 Listă de filme de comedie din anii 2000
 Listă de filme pentru copii
 Listă de filme americane din 2002

Filme din 2002
Filme americane
Filme în limba engleză
Filme regizate de Shawn Levy
Filme de comedie din anii 2000
Filme despre răzbunare
Filme Universal Pictures
Filme pentru copii

O minciună gogonată


9969 Braille, provisional designation , is an eccentric, rare-type and elongated asteroid from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt, classified as Mars-crosser and slow rotator, approximately 1–2 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered in 1992, by astronomers at Palomar Observatory and later named after Louis Braille, the inventor of the writing system for the blind. It was photographed in closeup by the spacecraft Deep Space 1 in 1999, but a malfunction resulted in indistinct images.

Discovery and naming

Discovered on May 27, 1992, by E. F. Helin and K. J. Lawrence working at the Palomar observatory as part of NASA's Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey, it was given the provisional designation . Later, it was named Braille in honour of Louis Braille as suggested by Kennedy Space Center software engineer Kerry Babcock in The Planetary Society's contest titled "Name That Asteroid". The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 28 July 1999 ().

Orbit

Braille has an unusually inclined orbit, and belongs to the somewhat rare class of asteroids known as Mars-crossing asteroids. Simulations of its orbit by scientists of the Deep Space 1 project predict that it will evolve into an Earth-crossing orbit in about 4000 years. Although its closest approach to the Sun is closer than Mars orbit, its highly elliptical orbit takes it almost half-way to Jupiter at its apoapsis, and as such its semi-major axis is too large for it to be classified as an Amor asteroid.

Physical characteristics

Braille is a Q-type asteroid, composed mostly of olivine and pyroxene. Early ground-based observations had suggested that it could have been a V-type asteroid with similarities of composition between it and the much larger 4 Vesta. The asteroid is irregularly shaped, measuring approximately 2.1 km × 1 km × 1 km.

Exploration

Detailed information about Braille comes primarily from the Deep Space 1 probe, which passed within 26 km of the asteroid on July 29, 1999, and from extensive ground based observations done in conjunction with the mission. By the time Deep Space 1 reached Braille, its ultraviolet spectrometer had failed, but it did return two CCD images of medium resolution and three infrared spectra during the encounter. However, although the probe came within 26 km of Braille, the images and spectra were taken from an approximate distance of 14 000 km, due to problems with the tracking system.

The main purpose of the Deep Space 1 mission was technology testing, but the encounter with Braille was of strong scientific value. No lone asteroid as small as Braille had previously been observed from such a short distance.

References

External links

 Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info )
 Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
 Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
 Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (5001)-(10000) – Minor Planet Center

009969
Discoveries by Kenneth J. Lawrence
Discoveries by Eleanor F. Helin
Named minor planets
19990729
009969
009969
19920527

9969 Braille


La gare de Cidade Jardim est une gare ferroviaire appartenant à la ligne 9-Esmeralda de ViaMobilidade, située dans le district de Pinheiros à la zone ouest de São Paulo. Elle se trouve à proximité du Jockey Club de São Paulo et de l'Esporte Clube Pinheiros. Il est situé entre deux quartiers nobles de la ville, Jardim Europa et Cidade Jardim.

La gare donne un accès direct au Parque do Povo, par une passerelle.

Situation ferroviaire

Histoire
La gare a été construite par la CPTM, lors du projet "Dynamisation Ligne Sud" et inaugurée le 30 juin 2000, étant conçue par l'architecte Luiz Carlos Esteves en 1994.

Le 20 avril 2021, il a été accordé au consortium ViaMobilidade, composé des sociétés CCR et RUASinvest, avec la concession d'exploiter la ligne pendant trente ans. Le contrat de concession a été signé et le transfert de la ligne a été réalisé le 27 janvier 2022.

Service des voyageurs

Accueil

Desserte

Intermodalité

À proximité
 Parque do Povo
 Avenue Brigadeiro Faria Lima
 Iguatemi São Paulo

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 ViaMobilidade
 Ligne 9-Esmeralda

Liens externes
 Site officiel Viamobilidade
 Gare de Cidade Jardim sur le site de la CPTM
 Gare de Cidade Jardim sur le site des gares ferroviaires du Brésil

Ligne 9-Émeraude
Gare mise en service en 2000

Gare de Cidade Jardim


Kayıp Sembol (İngilizce: The Lost Symbol) Amerikalı yazar Dan Brown'un 2009'da çıkan kitabıdır. Da Vinci Şifresi kitabından sonra Washington'da geçen bir gerilim romanıdır.

Satışı Türkiye'de 8 Aralık 2009 tarihinde başlamıştır ve Brown kitabına Harvard Üniversitesi profesörü sembol bilimci Robert Langdon karakterini de katmıştır.

İçerik
Kitap, ana karakter Robert Langdon'un bir konferans vermek üzere yakın arkadaşı Peter Solomon tarafından Amerikan Kongre Binası'na çağrılmasıyla başlar. Ancak Robert Langdon Kongre Binası'na gittiğinde fark eder ki; kendisi oyuna getirilmiştir. Binanın koridorunun ortasında arkadaşı Peter'ın kesilmiş elinin bulunmasıyla beraber Robert, Peter'ı kurtarabilmek için Masonların sakladığı rivayet edilen Antik Gizemleri ortaya çıkarması beklenir. Ancak Robert daha nelerin yaşandığını anlamaya çalışırken işe CIA de dahil olur ve CIA başkanı Inoue Sato'nun da Kongre Binası'na gelmesiyle birlikte Robert durumun ciddiyetinin farkına varır.

Robert, Sato ve Kongre Binası Güvenlik Şefi olan Trent Anderson; Peter'ın elini inceleyerek üstünde birçok dövmeye ve şifrelere rastlarlar. Bu semboller ve şifreler onları Peter'ın, Kongre Binası'nın altında bulunan ofisine götürür. Robert, Sato ve Anderson burada Mason Piramidi adıyla bilinen ve Antik Gizemlere giden yolu gösteren bir piramit bulurlar. Bu sırada zaten Robert'tan şüphe duyan Sato bu piramidin kapak taşının Robert'ın çantasında bulunduğu haberini alır. Bunun üzerine Sato, Anderson'a Robert'ı tutuklama emri verir. Robert çantasında bulunan kapak taşından haberi olmadığını açıklamaya çalışırken Kongre Binası'nın Mimarı ve aynı zamanda Peter'ın yakın bir mason arkadaşı olan Warren Bellamy, Sato ve Anderson'a saldırarak onları bayıltır ve Robert'ı binanın içinde bulunan bir kütüphaneye götürür.

Karakterler

 Robert Langdon: Harvard Üniversitesi'nde simgebilim profesörüdür ve aynı zamanda kitabın ana karakteridir.
 Mal'akh: Kitapta Robert'ı Kongre Binası'na yönlendiren ve Antik Gizemlere ulaşmaya çalışan kişidir. Vücudu dövmelerle doludur ve Peter'ı kaçırıp elini kesmiştir. Kitabın devamında Mal'akh'ın aslında Peter'ın çok önceden İstanbul'da bulunan Kartal Soğanlık Hapishanesi'nde öldürüldüğüne inanılan Zachary Solomon olduğu ortaya çıkar. Babası onu para karşılığı hapishaneden çıkarma teklifini reddettiği için babasına çok sinirlenir ve hapishane müdürüne para vererek kendi sahte ölümünü düzenler ve hapishaneden kaçar. Bir süre Yunan Adaları'nda yaşadıktan sonra Masonluk ve Antik Gizemler hakkında bilgi sahibi olur. Bu konu hakkında birçok kitap okur ve Mason Piramidi'ni öğrenir. Bunun üzerine Amerika'ya döner, silahla Peter Solomon'un evine gider ve ondan Mason Piramidi'ni ister. Peter, piramidi vermeyi kabul etmeyince ve Peter'ın annesi mutfaktan silahla çıkıp Mal'akh'a ateş edince orada Peter'ın annesini öldürür ve kaçarken Peter tarafından vurulur, fakat ölmez. Yıllarca saklanır ve vücudundaki kurşun izlerini saklamak için vücuduna dövmeler yapar. Mason tarikatına katılır ve orada farklı bir kişi kılığında ayinlerde yer alır. Vurulmasından yaklaşık 10 yıl sonra geri döner ve kitapta anlatıldığı gibi hikâyesi Mal'akh olarak Peter'ı kaçırıp elini kesmesine bağlanır. Dan Brown'un Robert Langdon serisinde hem fikir babası ve işleri düzenleyen deha olup hem de katil olarak yer alan tek kötü karakterdir.
 Peter Solomon:  33. dereceden mason, Katherine Solomon'un ağabeyi, Robert Langdon'un arkadaşı, kitaptaki olay örgüsünü başlatan kaçırılma olayının rehinesi.
 Katherine Solomon: Noetik bilimci, Peter Solomon'un kız kardeşi, Zachary Solomon'un halası, Isabel Solomon'un kızı, Robert Langdon'a piramidin şifrelerini çözmesinde yardımcı olan kişi.
 Trish Dunne: Katherine'in yanında çalışan metasistem araştırmacısı. Etanol dolu bir tankın içinde boğularak Mal'akh tarafından öldürülür.
 Isabel Solomon: Katherine Solomon ve Peter Solomon'un annesi, Zachary Solomon'un babaannesi. Mal'akh tarafından kitaptaki olaylardan on yıl önce vurularak öldürülür, Katherine'in ellerinde hayatını kaybeder.
 Warren Bellamy: Kongre Binasının Mimarı ve Peter Solomon'un mason arkadaşı. Robert Langdon'u, Inoue Sato'nun Mal'akh'a yardım ettiğini düşündüğü için Sato tarafından tutuklanmaktan kurtarır.
 Inoue Sato: CIA'in başkanı.
 Colin Galloway: Washington Ulusal Katedrali'nin başrahibi ve Peter Solomon ile Warren Bellamy'nin mason arkadaşı. İki gözünde de katarakt hastalığı vardır.
 Trent Anderson: Kongre Binası Güvenlik Şefi.
 Nola Kaye: CIA araştırmacısı.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 The Lost Symbol (Kayıp Sembol) Orijinal Web Site

2009 romanları
2000'lerde Amerikan romanları
Dan Brown romanları
İngilizce romanlar
Amerikan polisiye romanları
Amerikan suç romanları
Amerikan gizem romanları
Amerikan gerilim romanları
Doubleday kitapları
Konusu Washington, DC'de geçen romanlar
Devam romanları
Kurguda masonluk

Kayıp Sembol


කොසෝවො (;  ; ) යනු ගිනිකොණදිග යුරෝපයේ පිහිටි මතභේදයට ලක් වූ භූමි ප්‍රදේශයකි.   එය ස්වාධීන රටක් ලෙස පිළිගනු ලබන්නේ අන්තර්ජාතික ප්‍රජාවෙන් කොටසක් පමණි. එය කොසෝවො ජනරජය ලෙස 2008 වසරේදී සර්බියාවෙන් නිදහස හිමිකර ගන්නා ලදී. සර්බියාව, ඡන්දයෙන් පත් වූ කොසෝවොහි නව රජයේ පාලනය පිළිගත්තද, තවමත් සළකනු ලබන්නේ කොසෝවො යනු තමන්ගේ රටට අයත් ස්වාධීන බලය ඇති කොසෝවො සහ මෙටෝහිජා පළාත වශයෙනි.
/sup>-->
|established_event1 = Autonomous Province
|established_date1 = 31 January 1946
|established_event2 = Republic of Kosova
|established_date2 = 2 July 1990
|established_event3 = UNSCR 1244
|established_date3 = 10 June 1999
|established_event4 = UN Administration
|established_date4 = June 1999
|established_event5 = Declaration of independence
|established_date5 = 17 February 2008
|established_event6 = End of Steering Group supervision
|established_date6 = 10 September 2012
|established_event7 = Brussels Agreement
|established_date7 = 19 April 2013
|footnote_a = 2014 estimate. A new estimate has been added in order to give a more correct GDP per capita.
|footnote_b = Preliminary results of 2011 census, which excluded four northern Serb-majority municipalities where it could not be carried out.
|footnote_c = Adopted unilaterally; Kosovo is not a formal member of the eurozone.
|footnote_d = +383 as of January 1, 2015. +381 was previously used for fixed lines. Kosovo-licensed mobile-phone providers used +377 (Monaco) or +386 (Slovenia) instead.
|footnote_e = XK is a "user assigned" ISO 3166 code not designated by the standard, but used by the European Commission, Switzerland, the Deutsche Bundesbank and other organisations.
}}

කොසෝවො (;

යුරෝපා රටවල්

කොසෝවො


Balakovo () is a city in Saratov Oblast, Russia, located on the East bank of the Volga River about  northeast of Saratov, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:

History
It was founded in 1762 by the Old Believers who returned from Poland and was granted town status in 1913.

Russian Empire

For a long time it was believed that the city of Balakovo was founded in 1762, but later a document dated 1738 was found in the archives of St. Petersburg, which mentions the Cossack meadow possession of Balakov Yurt, located two versts from the Volga. December 14, 1762 Empress of Russia Catherine II issued a manifesto calling on the Old Believers, who had fled to Poland, to return from abroad to Russia and settle on the lands between the Bolshoy and Maly Irgiz rivers. To the zealots of the old faith, 70,000 dessiatins (76,300 hectares) of the best land on the left bank of the Volga were allocated for use. Returned Old Believers founded several new settlements, including the village of Balakovo. In 1861 there were 2,700 people living in the village of Balakovo. The convenient location on the shipping routes helped the village to grow rapidly due to wheat trade. In one season, up to 10 million poods of grain were sent from Balakovo. More than 300 spacious barns that stood on the shore of Balakovo, allowed to store grain from harvest to harvest. In the 1860s for one navigation, from Balakovo could go up to 180 barges with cargo. Another commodity, to which the Balakovo merchants traded in huge quantities, was the forest. Balakovo was an intermediary between the forest provinces of the Upper Volga region and the forestless left bank of the Volga. Here, from such rivers as Kama, Belaya, Vyatka, it was brought annually up to 500 thousand poods of firewood and up to three million poods of forest building materials. Part of this forest was processed in two sawmills.

With the development of trade, the pier freight turnover grew, the fleet of freight and passenger ships increased. To repair them, the ship-repair industry was created. In 1897 the population of the village reached 18388 people.

The beginning of the 20th century was marked by a significant expansion of the borders of the village, as well as an increase in the number of industrial enterprises. In May 1911, the Highest Ordinance was signed to confer on Balakovo the status of a city with the rights of self-government. Ivan Mamin, the industrialist, became the first city head. On the eve of the 1917 revolution, there were 6 churches, 7 schools, the grain market, the ironworks of Fyodor Blinov and the mechanical plant of oil engines of the Mamin brothers, ship repair and furniture workshops, sawmills, mills, a commercial college opened in 1910, with considerable financial assistance of the merchant - a patron of Ivan Kobzar, the Zemsky hospital and the city factory ambulance (polyclinic), a library, and a power plant, which was organized by the "Light" partnership.

Inventors-self-taught Fyodor Abramovich Blinov and Yakov Mamin glorified Balakovo as the birthplace of the world's first caterpillar tractor, wheel self-propelled gun and Russian diesel engine. The plant of oil engines and tractors Yakov Mamin in 1915 produced 325 diesel engines, with a total capacity of 5100 horsepower. The image of the old Balakovo was created by such architects as H. F. Meyer and academician Fyodor Schechtel. Carefully preserving and restoring the historical landscape of the central part, the people of Balakovo constantly improve the appearance of a new, young city with spacious avenues, straight as arrows, avenues, slender buildings with elegant facades.

Soviet Union

Until 1928, Balakovo was part of the Samara Governorate (Balakovo county existed in 1919-1924), after the Lower Volga region, from December 5, 1936, to the Saratov Oblast.

In the period from 1956 to 1971, the Saratov Hydroelectric Station was built in Balakovo, which led to the flooding of the Volga and the flooding of part of the coastal territory and the changing appearance of the modern city, as well as its sharp growth associated with obtaining the necessary electricity. In a short time the Balakovo industrial complex was created, numbering more than two dozen enterprises of chemistry, engineering, energy, construction industry, food industry. In 1985, the first power unit of the Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant was put into operation, which currently has 4 operating power units.

As a result of the referendum on December 22, 1996, the Balakovo municipal formation was created, which included the city of the regional subordination of Balakovo and the rural Balakovo district. In 2004 the Balakovo municipal formation was renamed Balakovo municipal district.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Balakovo serves as the administrative center of Balakovsky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the city of oblast significance of Balakovo—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the city of oblast significance of Balakovo is incorporated within Balakovsky Municipal District as Balakovo Urban Settlement.

Economy

Balakovo is the location of the Saratov Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River and the Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant. It is served by the Balakovo Airport which currently does not work. Balakovo has a rail connection to Moscow, and is an end destination for some train routes.

Geography

Climate
Balakovo has a humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfa) with long cold winters and warm, often hot summers. The warmest month is July with daily mean temperature near ; the coldest month is February with . Balakovo has distinct cold and warm seasons, like cold winters and warm summers. The temperatures at night are cooler than during daytime.

Winter has prolonged freezing periods, with the coldest month most often being December. August is on average the month with most sunshine. Rainfall and other precipitation has no distinct peak month, but June is slightly the wettest.

Infrastructure

Passenger transportations are carried out by buses, route taxis, taxis and trolleybuses. In 2002 a new section of the contact network was put into operation, which allowed increasing the number of trolleybus routes.

The connection between the two parts of the city is carried out by the lock bridge. In 2003, it was decided to build a second bridge across the Navigable Canal. Since December 9, 2015 the Bridge "Victory Bridge" has been put into operation.

There is a bus station "Balakovo", railway station Balakovo, railway station "Linyovo" (for freight trains, electric trains), river station, river port, ship repair port.

Earlier in Balakovo, there was a similar airport (located near the village of Malaya Bykovka), which until the late 1990s received regular flights. In 2003 the airport was closed.

Sports
There is a speedway team called SK Turbina, that is six-time USSR champion and three-time Russia Champion. Stadium "Trud" hosted Speedway Europe Championship semifinal, qualification of Speedway Grand Prix, final of Team Speedway Junior World Championship and other international competitions.

Cityscape

Notable people
Yulia Alipova (born 1990), beauty pageant titleholder
Artem Vodyakov (born 1991), speedway rider
Yevgeni Khlebodarov (born 1980), former footballer
Andrei Kovalenko (born 1970), professional ice hockey forward
Dmitri Kugryshev (born 1990), professional ice hockey forward
Andrey Kudryashov (born 1991), speedway rider
Ivan Maximkin (born 1988), professional ice hockey defenceman
Anastasia Karpova (born 1984), pop singer

Twin towns – sister cities

Balakovo is twinned with:
 Trnava, Slovakia
 Cherepovets, Russia
 Scranton, Pennsylvania, United States

References

Notes

Sources

External links
Official website of Balakovo
Directory of organizations in Balakovo

Cities and towns in Saratov Oblast
Nikolayevsky Uyezd (Samara Governorate)
Populated places on the Volga

Balakovo


El Apeadero de Barqueiros es una plataforma ferroviaria de la Línea del Duero, que sirve a parroquias de Barqueiros, en el Distrito de Vila Real, en Portugal.

Descripción

Localización y acceso
Se encuentra en el margen del Río Duero, al Noreste de la localidad de Barqueiros; el acceso de transporte se hace a través de la Ruta Nacional 108-3.

Servicios
Los únicos servicios que utilizan esta plataforma son los Convoyes Regionales, efectuados por la operadora Comboios de Portugal.

Historia
El tramo entre Penafiel y Régua de la Línea del Duero, donde este apeadero se encuentra, abrió a la explotación el 15 de julio de 1879; no obstante, en abril de 1903, todavía no poseía ninguna conexión por carretera, aunque ya hubiese sido planeado un ramal de la Ruta Real n.º 27 para este apeadero. En octubre del mismo año, el estado destinó los fondos necesarios para la construcción, entre otros proyectos, de un camino entre el Apeadero y un muelle en el Río Duero.

En julio de 2009, fueron detenidas, por delito grave, varias personas que se encontraban robando traviesas del astillero de esta plataforma.

Véase también
 Línea del Duero

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Barqueiros
Barqueiros
Mesão Frio

Apeadero de Barqueiros


Landover es una estación en la línea Naranja del Metro de Washington, administrada por la Autoridad de Tránsito del Área Metropolitana de Washington. La estación se encuentra localizada en 3000 Pennsy Drive en Landover, Maryland. La estación Landover fue inaugurada el 20 de noviembre de 1978.

Descripción
La estación Landover cuenta con 1 plataforma central. La estación también cuenta con 1,866 de espacios de aparcamiento, 26 espacios para bicicletas y con 8 casilleros.

Conexiones
La estación es abastecida por las siguientes conexiones de autobuses:
 Rutas del MetroBus

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 WMATA: Estación Landover
 Líneas del Metro de Washington

Estaciones de Metro de Estados Unidos inauguradas en 1978
Estaciones de la línea Naranja (Metro de Washington)
Condado de Prince George (Maryland)

Landover (Metro de Washington)


Haggis hurling is a Scottish sport involving the hurling of a haggis as far as possible, for distance and accuracy.

Background
Although its proponents often claim an ancient origin, haggis hurling is actually a very recent invention. In 2004 Robin Dunseath, publicist for Scottish entrepreneur Tom Farmer and ex-president of the World Haggis Hurling Association, said he invented the sport as a practical joke for the 1977 Gathering of the Clans in Edinburgh, later using it to raise funds for charity at Highland games. It appeared on the BBC TV program That's Life! around that time, when many people would have realised it was basically a joke.

Two variations have developed: one enacted at festivals, the other a professional sport.

The present world record for haggis hurling was set at  by Lorne Coltart at the Milngavie Highland Games on 11 June 2011, beating Allan Pettigrew's  record which had stood for over twenty years. However, the Australian cricket player Tom Moody was purported to have thrown a haggis in 1989 over .

Modern haggis hurling is judged on the basis of distance and accuracy of the hurl and a split or burst haggis is immediately disqualified, as the haggis must be fit to eat after landing. The sport requires subtle technique rather than brute force, as the hurl must result in a gentle landing to keep the haggis skin intact.

Plans to use a fake haggis in a hurling competition at a Highland festival in Melbourne split purists from those who are fearful of the mess a high-speed impacting may cause.

Rules and regulations
The haggis must be of traditional construction, consisting of a tender boiled sheep's heart, lung and liver with spices, onions, suet and oatmeal and stock stuffed in a sheep's paunch, boiled for three hours.

At the time of hurling the haggis should be cooled and inspected to ensure no firming agents have been applied. Rules dictate that the haggis must be packed tight and secure, with no extra skin or flab.

The sporting haggis weighs 500 grams, with a maximum diameter of 18 cm and length of 22 cm. An allowance of ±30 grams is given and this weight is used in both junior and middle weight events.

The heavyweight event allows haggis up to 1 kg in weight, but the standard weight of 850 grams is more common, with an allowance of ±50 grams.

Events
There is a World Haggis Hurling Championship.

Darren Laird from Bo'ness, Falkirk is the current world champion.

There is also a Canadian Haggis Hurling Championship in Perth, Ontario. The event is held in conjunction with the Perth World Record Kilt Run. The Canadian event in Perth is said to be the largest competition in the world, with over 140 measured competitors in 2013. The 2014 competition had 571 registered Hurlers. The competition in Perth uses M.P. Survey company and their precise laser equipment to measure the finals.

In 2004, a Highland festival in Melbourne made plans to use a fake haggis in a hurling competition there.

On 31 December 2021 the first Belgian competition was organised in the South of Deurne (Antwerp).

See also
British folk sports
Fox tossing
Dwarf-tossing

References

External links

Hurling, haggis
Scottish games
Sports originating in Scotland
Throwing sports

Haggis hurling


Succesjægerne er en film instrueret af Anders Gustafsson.

Handling
Simon og Rune er to 20 årige drenge fra provinsen, der lever et ganske almindeligt liv. Men de ønsker sig mere: De vil have succes, passion, lækre babes, rigdom og det fede liv. Derfor har de har meldt sig på et Speed of Life kursus i København. På 4 måneder skal de lære at score piger og få succes i livet. Speed Up Life Academy ledes af den karismatiske 22-årige Neil. Han er inspireret af den amerikanske bog "The Game", der skildrer mænds systematiske brug af forskellige teknikker til score kvinder. På Speed Up Life kurset lærer Simon og Rune, at "alt er muligt". Hvis man fokuserer rigtigt bliver drømmene til virkelighed. Alt hvad det kræver er selvdisciplin og positiv tænkning. Men kan man få succes på fire måneder? Er der en genvej til lykken? "Succesjægerne" er en film om mandlighed og nutidens fokus på succes og individuel udvikling.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2012

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Succesjægerne