Tarascosaurus ist eine wenig bekannte Gattung theropoder Dinosaurier aus der Oberkreide Frankreichs. Bisher ist lediglich ein sehr fragmentarischer Fund bekannt, der sich aus dem oberen Abschnitt des linken Oberschenkelknochens (Femur) sowie aus zwei fragmentarischen, aber im anatomischen Verbund vorgefundenen Rückenwirbeln zusammensetzt. Tarascosaurus gilt als ein Vertreter der Abelisauroidea, und wird innerhalb dieser Gruppe von manchen Forschern zu den Abelisauridae gestellt. Einzige Art ist Tarascosaurus salluvicus.

Merkmale
Der Oberschenkelknochen ähnelt dem des möglicherweise verwandten, aus den Niederlanden stammenden Betasuchus. So ist der Oberschenkelknochen-Kopf leicht nach vorne gerichtet. Der kleine Rollhügel (Trochanter minor) ist groß und zeigt eine markante Eintiefung (Foramen). Die Wirbelbögen der Rückenwirbel ähneln denen des Abelisauriden Majungasaurus und sind stark pneumatisiert (mit luftgefüllten Kammern durchzogen) sowie anteroposterior kurz. Die Wirbelkörper hingegen sind nur schwach pneumatisiert. Hyposphen-Hypantrum-Verbindungen sind vorhanden.

Forschungsgeschichte und Namensgebung
Erstmals beschrieben wurde Tarascosaurus 1991 von den französischen Paläontologen Jean Le Loeuff und Éric Buffetaut im Rahmen einer Arbeit über die damals bekannten Theropodenfunde der europäischen Oberkreide. Die Tarascosaurus-Fossilien fanden sich seit langem in der Sammlung der Faculté des Sciences de Lyon. Der Entdecker dieses Fundes ist unbekannt. Lediglich die Herkunft des Fossils aus der Fundstelle Lambeau de Beausset, die in der Beausset-Synklinale liegt, ist überliefert. Die bislang namenlose Gesteinseinheit an der Fundstelle wurde magnetostratigraphisch auf das Untere Campanium datiert.

Der Name Tarascosaurus (Tarasco – "Tarasque"; gr. sauros – "Echse") weist auf die Tarasque, einem in der Provence bekannten Fabelwesen in Drachengestalt. Der zweite Teil des Artnamens, salluvicus (von lat. salluvii – "Salluvier") weist auf den Volksstamm der Salluvier, der im Altertum im Gebiet der heutigen Provence siedelte.

Systematik und Gültigkeit
Le Loeuff und Buffetaut kamen zu dem Ergebnis, dass Tasascosaurus, ebenso wie verschiedene weitere von diesen Forschern untersuchten Theropodenfunde der Oberkreide Europas, den Abelisauridae zuzuordnen seien. Während verschiedene Studien an einer Klassifikation von Tarascosaurus innerhalb der Abelisauridae festhalten, stellen andere Studien fest, dass eine derart genaue Zuordnung wegen der sehr fragmentarischen Natur der Funde nicht möglich sei. Ronan Allain und Xabier Suberbiola (2003) beispielsweise bemerken, dass die Tarascosaurus-Fossilien keinerlei Merkmale zeigen, die ausschließlich bei Vertretern der Abelisauridae bekannt sind (Synapomorphien). So wird Tarascosaurus häufig als nicht weiter zuordenbarer Vertreter der Abelisauroidea betrachtet.

Verschiedene Forscher betrachten Tarascosaurus als Nomen dubium und stellen somit die Gültigkeit dieses Taxons in Frage, da keine Merkmale erkennbar seien, die eine eindeutige Abgrenzung zu anderen Gattungen erlauben.

Belege

Literatur
  Ronan Allain, Xabier Pereda Suberbiola: Dinosaurs of France. In: Comptes Rendus Palevol. Bd. 2, Nr. 1, 2003, , S. 27–44, .
  Matthew T. Carrano, Scott D. Sampson: The Phylogeny of Ceratosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda). In: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. Bd. 6, Nr. 2, 2008, , S. 183–236, .
  Jean Le Loeuff, Eric Buffetaut: Tarascosaurus salluvicus nov. gen., nov. sp.,dinosaure théropode du Crétacé supérieur du Sud de la France. In: Geobios. Bd. 24, Nr. 5, 1991, , S. 585–594, .

Einzelnachweise

Ceratosauria
Ceratosaurier

Tarascosaurus


The Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA) is a unique non-commissioned rank and position of office in the United States Army. The holder of this rank and position is the most senior enlisted soldier in the Army, unless an enlisted soldier is serving as the Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman. The SMA is appointed to serve as a spokesman to address the issues of enlisted soldiers to all officers, from warrant officers and lieutenants to the Army's highest positions. As such, they are the senior enlisted advisor to the Chief of Staff of the Army. The exact duties vary depending on the chief of staff, though much of the SMA's time is spent traveling throughout the Army, observing training and talking with soldiers and their families.

Kenneth O. Preston held the rank from 15 January 2004 through 28 February 2011, the only incumbent to serve longer than five years. SMA Michael R. Weimer has held the office since 4 August 2023.

While the SMA is a non-commissioned officer, protocol places the SMA higher than all lieutenant generals (except for the Director of the Army Staff) and equivalent to a general for formal courtesies in addition to seating, billeting, transportation, and parking.

History
The rank and position were based on those of the Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps (established in its current incarnation on 23 May 1957). The Chief of Staff of the Army created the position in 1966 after asking leaders of the major commands for a personal recommendation.  He asked that it not be considered a near-retirement type assignment.  He listed seven duties and functions he expected the Sergeant Major to perform, including service as a personal adviser and assistant on matters pertaining to enlisted soldiers.  From 4,700 proposed candidates, 21 nominees were selected. Finally chosen was the only one then serving in Vietnam, Sergeant Major William O. Wooldridge of the 1st Infantry Division.

The other services later followed, creating the positions of Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy and Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force in 1967, Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard in 1969, Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman in 2005, and Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force in 2020. These seven positions are collectively referred to as "senior enlisted advisors" ("SEAs").

Insignia

The sergeant major of the Army, like counterparts in the other branches, wears a unique rank insignia, including a unique collar insignia ("brass").

The collar insignia of the SMA is the shield portion of the collar insignia of an aide-de-camp to the Army Chief of Staff (less the surmounting eagle), placed upon an enlisted collar disk of gold color, one inch in diameter.  The insignia worn by SMA Wooldridge was hand-soldered by Colonel Jasper J. Wilson from the cannibalized insignia and enlisted collar brass of an  aide. The insignia was approved on 4 July 1966.  Originally, the SMA would wear the device on each collar, but he now wears the standard "U.S." disk on his right collar as do all enlisted soldiers.  This insignia is also worn in place of a unit insignia on the SMA's beret, garrison cap, and pull-over sweater.  The collar insignia of the senior enlisted advisor to the chairman ("SEAC") of the JCS, approved 2 February 2006, is based directly upon that of the SMA, and features the shield of an aide de camp to the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff (without the surmounting eagle), on a gold-colored disk.

The SMA's cap device, worn on the front of the blue service cap (and, formerly, the white service cap; and, until 2011 the green service cap) is a gold-colored rendering of the United States' coat of arms, surrounded by a wreath.  The cap device for all other U.S. Army enlisted soldiers is a gold-colored rendering of the United States' coat of arms on a gold-colored disk (males) or surrounded by a gold colored ring (females).  The chief master sergeant of the Air Force has the same cap device as the SMA, but in silver-colored metal.

Positional color

The Sergeant Major of the Army, Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force, Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force, and the Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman  are the only members of the United States armed forces below the rank of brigadier general/rear admiral, lower half to be authorized a positional color (flag).  First considered in 1992, the SMA's color has been authorized since 22 March 1999.  It is based on the design of his collar insignia and the positional flag of the Chief of Staff, Army.  Like the SEAC's collar brass, the SEAC's positional color was patterned after the SMA's color.

List of Sergeants Major of the Army

Timeline

See also

 Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
 Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps
 Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy
 Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force
 Chief Master Sergeant of the Space Force
 Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard
 Senior Enlisted Advisor for the National Guard Bureau
 Army Staff Senior Warrant Officer

References

Notes

External links

Military ranks of the United States Army
United States military enlisted ranks
Senior Enlisted Advisor

Sergeant Major of the Army


Yapay sinir ağları (YSA), insan beyninin bilgi işleme tekniğinden esinlenerek geliştirilmiş bir bilgi işlem teknolojisidir.
YSA ile basit biyolojik sinir sisteminin çalışma şekli taklit edilir. Yani biyolojik nöron hücrelerinin ve bu hücrelerin birbirleri ile arasında kurduğu sinaptik bağın dijital olarak modellenmesidir. Nöronlar çeşitli şekillerde birbirlerine bağlanarak ağlar oluştururlar. Bu ağlar öğrenme, hafızaya alma ve veriler arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya çıkarma kapasitesine sahiptirler. Diğer bir ifadeyle, YSA'lar, normalde bir insanın düşünme ve gözlemlemeye yönelik doğal yeteneklerini gerektiren problemlere çözüm üretmektedir. Bir insanın, düşünme ve gözlemleme yeteneklerini gerektiren problemlere yönelik çözümler üretebilmesinin temel sebebi ise insan beyninin ve dolayısıyla insanın sahip olduğu yaşayarak veya deneyerek öğrenme yeteneğidir.

Biyolojik sistemlerde öğrenme, nöronlar arasındaki sinaptik (synaptic) bağlantıların ayarlanması ile olur. Yani, insanlar doğumlarından itibaren bir yaşayarak öğrenme süreci içerisine girerler. Bu süreç içinde beyin sürekli bir gelişme göstermektedir. Yaşayıp tecrübe ettikçe sinaptik bağlantılar ayarlanır ve hatta yeni bağlantılar oluşur. Bu sayede öğrenme gerçekleşir. Bu durum YSA için de geçerlidir. Öğrenme, eğitme yoluyla örnekler kullanarak olur; başka bir deyişle, gerçekleşme girdi/çıktı verilerinin işlenmesiyle, yani eğitme algoritmasının bu verileri kullanarak bağlantı ağırlıklarını (weights of the synapses) bir yakınsama sağlanana kadar, tekrar tekrar ayarlamasıyla olur.

YSA'lar, ağırlıklandırılmış şekilde birbirlerine bağlanmış birçok işlem biriminden (nöronlar) oluşan matematiksel sistemlerdir. Bir işlem birimi, aslında sık sık transfer fonksiyonu olarak anılan bir denklemdir. Bu işlem birimi, diğer nöronlardan sinyalleri alır; bunları birleştirir, dönüştürür ve sayısal bir sonuç ortaya çıkartır. Genelde, işlem birimleri kabaca gerçek nöronlara karşılık gelirler ve bir ağ içinde birbirlerine bağlanırlar; bu yapı da sinir ağlarını oluşturmaktadır.

Sinirsel (neural) hesaplamanın merkezinde dağıtılmış, adaptif ve doğrusal olmayan işlem kavramları vardır. YSA'lar, geleneksel işlemcilerden farklı şekilde işlem yapmaktadırlar. Geleneksel işlemcilerde, tek bir merkezi işlem birimi her hareketi sırasıyla gerçekleştirir. YSA'lar ise her biri büyük bir problemin bir parçası ile ilgilenen, çok sayıda basit işlem birimlerinden oluşmaktadır. En basit şekilde, bir işlem birimi, bir girdiyi bir ağırlık kümesi ile ağırlıklandırır, doğrusal olmayan bir şekilde dönüşümünü sağlar ve bir çıktı değeri oluşturur. İlk bakışta, işlem birimlerinin çalışma şekli yanıltıcı şekilde basittir. Sinirsel hesaplamanın gücü, toplam işlem yükünü paylaşan işlem birimlerinin birbirleri arasındaki yoğun bağlantı yapısından gelmektedir. Bu sistemlerde geri yayılım metoduyla daha sağlıklı öğrenme sağlanmaktadır.

Çoğu YSA'da, benzer karakteristiğe sahip nöronlar tabakalar halinde yapılandırılırlar ve transfer fonksiyonları eş zamanlı olarak çalıştırılırlar. Hemen hemen tüm ağlar, veri alan nöronlara ve çıktı üreten nöronlara sahiptirler.

YSA'nın ana öğesi olan matematiksel fonksiyon, ağın mimarisi tarafından şekillendirilir. Daha açık bir şekilde ifade etmek gerekirse, fonksiyonun temel yapısını ağırlıkların büyüklüğü ve işlem elemanlarının işlem şekli belirler. YSA'ların davranışları, yani girdi veriyi çıktı veriye nasıl ilişkilendirdikleri, ilk olarak nöronların transfer fonksiyonlarından, nasıl birbirlerine bağlandıklarından ve bu bağlantıların ağırlıklarından etkilenir.

Yapay sinir ağlarının üstünlüklerinin yanı sıra bazı sakıncaları da vardır. Bu sakıncalar şu şekilde listelenebilir:
 Sistem içerisinde ne olduğu bilinemez.
 Bazı ağlar hariç kararlılık analizleri yapılamaz.
 Farklı sistemlere uygulanması zor olabilir.

Nörobilgisayar
Nörobilgisayar, genellikle çok hız gerektiren ve büyük boyuttaki problemlerin çözülmesi için tamamen yapay sinir ağı teknolojisine dayanarak geliştirilmiş bilgisayar türüdür.

Siemens tarafından geliştirilmiş synapse 1 nörobilgisayarı, bir ana bilgisayara ethernet kartı ile bağlanıp çalışabilen bir bilgisayardır. 8 Tane MA-16 sistolik dizi yongası kullanmaktadır. Bu bilgisayarın performansı 25 mhz ile saniyede 3.2 milyar çarpım (16 bit*16 bit) ve toplama işlemi yapabilecek bir güce sahiptir.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Bilişsel bilim
 Bulanık mantık
 Derin öğrenme yazılımlarının karşılaştırılması
 Evrişimli sinir ağları
 Genetik algoritma
 Genetik programlama
 Naive Bayes sınıflandırıcı
 Sinirbilim
 Yapay yaşam
 Yapay Zeka
 Tensorflow

Kaynakça
 Çetin Elmas (2012), Yapay Zeka Uygulamaları, Yapay Sinir Ağları – Bulanık Mantık– Genetik Algoritma, Ankara: Seçkin Yayinevi ISBN 9789750216961
 Ercan Öztemel (2006), Yapay Sinir Ağları,  Istanbul: Papatya ISBN 9789756797396
 Şeref Sağıroğlu, "Mühendislikte Yapay Zeka Uygulamaları I : Yapay Sinir Ağları", Ufuk Kitabevi, Ağustos 2003.

Dış bağlantılar
  Yapay Sinir Ağlar websitesi

Sibernetik
Makine öğrenimi
İstatistiksel sınıflandırma
Hesaplamalı nörobilim

Yapay sinir ağları


Andraé Edward Crouch  (July 1, 1942 – January 8, 2015) was an American gospel singer, songwriter, arranger, record producer and pastor. Referred to as "the father of modern gospel music" by contemporary Christian and gospel music professionals, Crouch was known for his compositions "The Blood Will Never Lose Its Power", "My Tribute (To God Be the Glory)" and "Soon and Very Soon". He collaborated on some of his recordings with famous and popular artists such as Stevie Wonder, El DeBarge, Philip Bailey, Chaka Khan, and Sheila E., as well as the vocal group Take 6, and many popular artists covered his material, including Bob Dylan, Barbara Mandrell, Paul Simon, Elvis Presley and Little Richard. In the 1980s and 1990s, he was known as the "go-to" producer for superstars who sought a gospel choir sound in their recordings; he appeared on a number of recordings, including Michael Jackson's "Man In the Mirror", Madonna's "Like a Prayer", and "The Power", a duet between Elton John and Little Richard. Crouch was noted for his talent of incorporating contemporary secular music styles into the gospel music he grew up with. His efforts in this area helped pave the way for early American contemporary Christian music during the 1960s and 1970s.

Crouch's original music arrangements were heard in the films The Color Purple, for which he received an Oscar nomination, and Disney's The Lion King, as well as the NBC television series Amen. Awards and honors received by him include seven Grammy Awards, induction into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1998, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Early years

Andraé Edward Crouch was born, along with his twin sister, Sandra, on July 1, 1942, in San Francisco, California to parents Benjamin and Catherine (née Hodnett) Crouch. His father was a minister in the Church of God in Christ (COGIC) and pastored Christ Memorial Church of God in Christ in Pacoima, California. When he was young, Crouch's parents owned and operated Crouch Cleaners, a dry-cleaning business, as well as a restaurant business in Los Angeles, California. In addition to running the family's businesses, Crouch's parents also had a Christian street-preaching ministry and a hospital and prison ministry. When Crouch was 11, his father was invited to speak for several weeks at a small church as a guest preacher. Crouch's father and the church's congregation encouraged the young boy to play during the services. At the piano, Crouch found the key in which the congregation was singing and started to play. After this, Crouch honed his piano-playing skills and, in time, wanted to write his own music. When he was 14 years old, he wrote his first Gospel song.

Career

Groups

Crouch's first group musical effort was formed in 1960 as the Church of God in Christ Singers. The group included future recording artist and session musician Billy Preston on keyboards and was the first to record Crouch's song "The Blood Will Never Lose Its Power". The song's popularity grew following the initial 1969 recording, becoming a standard in churches and hymnals worldwide. While attending Valley Junior College in the San Fernando Valley to become a teacher, he formed gospel music group "The Disciples" in 1965 with fellow musicians Perry Morgan, Reuben Fernandez, and Bili Thedford. The group became a frequent attraction at "Monday Night Sing" concerts in southern California put on by Audrey Mieir, a Christian minister and music composer who frequently sponsored new Christian music groups. Following Mieir's introduction of Crouch to Manna Music Publishing's founders Tim and Hal Spencer, Manna published Crouch's song "The Blood Will Never Lose Its Power", written when he was 15 years old. The Spencers helped launch Crouch's recording career by introducing them to Light Records founder and prolific Christian songwriter Ralph Carmichael. After the addition of Sherman Andrus to The Disciples, Light Records recorded and released the group's first album, Take the Message Everywhere, in 1968. Following the group's first album release, Crouch's twin sister, Sandra, joined The Disciples in 1970 after Fernandez' departure. Two more albums would follow, Keep On Singin
and Soulfully, before a major change in the group's lineup in 1972.

When Sherman Andrus left the Disciples to join the Imperials, he was replaced by singer Danniebelle Hall. More musicians were being added and the group's membership by the early 1970s included Fletch Wiley on trumpet, Harlan Rogers on keyboards, Hadley Hockensmith on bass, and Bill Maxwell on drums. The group appeared on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson in 1972 and to sold-out crowds at Carnegie Hall in 1975 and 1979. Crouch's most popular songs with the group included "The Blood Will Never Lose Its Power", "Through It All", "Bless His Holy Name", "Soon and Very Soon", "Jesus is the Answer", and "My Tribute".

Solo career

After The Disciples disbanded in 1974, Crouch continued on with a solo career. His backing ensemble included Howard Smith, Linda McCrary, Táta Vega, and Kristle Murden, along with The Andraé Crouch Singers. Joe Sample, Wilton Felder, Dean Parks, David Paich, Phillip Bailey, Stevie Wonder, El DeBarge, and other secular artists were included in Crouch's recording sessions. With former Disciples drummer-turned-producer Bill Maxwell, Crouch co-produced projects for The Winans, Danniebelle Hall, and Kristle Murden. Many musical acts and solo performers covered his more popular works, including Elvis Presley with "I've Got Confidence". In 1986, Crouch composed the theme music for the Sherman Hemsley sitcom Amen, sung by Vanessa Bell Armstrong.

In 2006 Crouch released Mighty Wind, a 40th anniversary album featuring guest performances by Lauren Evans, Crystal Lewis, Karen Clark Sheard, Táta Vega, and Marvin Winans.

TV Appearances
On February 7, 1982, Crouch guest appeared in Season 8 Episode 16 "Man of the Cloth" on The Jeffersons. He also appeared in the TV movie In Search of Dr. Seuss, playing the title character in "Yertle the Turtle".

Influence

Crouch has been credited as a key figure in Jesus music of the 1960s and 1970s and, as a result, helping to bring about contemporary Christian music into the church. As well, he is also credited with helping to bridge the gap between black and white Christian music and revolutionizing the sound of urban Gospel music. Though sometimes criticized for diluting the Christian message by using contemporary music styles, his songs have become staples in churches and hymnals around the world and have been recorded by mainstream artists such as Elvis Presley and Paul Simon.

His affiliation with Light Records was instrumental in bringing Walter and Tramaine Hawkins, Jessy Dixon and The Winans to the label, from where they all enjoyed successful gospel music careers.

In 1996, Crouch and his music were honored on the Grammy Award-winning CD, Tribute: The Songs of Andraé Crouch, released by Warner Bros. Records. The album featured a wide range of artists performing Crouch's classic songs and featured the Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir, Take 6, Twila Paris, and Michael W. Smith.

Crouch and his sister Sandra had a friendship and music relationship with Michael Jackson. In 1987, the Andraé Crouch Choir sang background vocals along with Siedah Garrett and The Winans on Jackson's hit single "Man in the Mirror" from the Bad album. The Andraé Crouch Singers were also featured on the songs "Keep the Faith" and "Will You Be There" from Jackson's 1991 Dangerous album. On Jackson's HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I project in 1995, the Andraé Crouch Choir is heard on "Earth Song." They are also heard on "Morphine" from HIStory remix album Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix, and one last time on "Speechless" from the Invincible album. Crouch's composition, "Soon and Very Soon" was performed by the Andraé Crouch Choir at the public memorial service for Jackson held at the Staples Center in Los Angeles on July 7, 2009.

Personal life

On November 12, 1982, Crouch was arrested in Los Angeles for possession of cocaine after being stopped for erratic driving. Sheriff's deputies discovered a substance in the vehicle which Crouch said was instant chicken soup powder. After consenting to a search, he was found to be carrying a vial of cocaine in his pocket. Crouch was arrested and released several hours later on $2,500 bail, maintaining the drugs belonged to a friend who had been staying in his apartment. Police declined to press charges.

Between 1993 and 1994, Crouch suffered the loss of his father, mother, and older brother. After his father's death, Crouch and his sister took over the shared duty of senior pastor at the church his parents founded, Christ Memorial Church of God in Christ in Pacoima, California.

Failing health and death

Crouch survived a number of personal attacks from four different forms of cancer, which claimed the life of his mother, father and brother in 1993 and 1994. He was also hospitalized for complications from diabetes in his last few years of life.  In early December 2014, Crouch was hospitalized for pneumonia and congestive heart failure. As a result, his December 2014 tour was postponed. He was hospitalized again on January 3, 2015, in Los Angeles, as the result of a heart attack.

On January 8, 2015, Crouch died at Northridge Hospital Medical Center. He was 72. On the same day, his sister, Sandra, released the following statement: "Today my twin brother, womb-mate and best friend went home to be with the Lord. Please keep me, my family and our church family in your prayers. I tried to keep him here but God loved him best."

Following Crouch's death, Christian recording artist Michael W. Smith told Billboard Magazine, "...I'll never forget hearing Andraé for the first time. It was like someone had opened a whole new world of possibilities for me musically. I don't think there is anyone who inspired me more, growing up, than Andraé Crouch. The depth of his influence on Christian music is incalculable. We all owe him so much and I'll forever be grateful for the times we got to work together."

Discography

Andraé Crouch and The Disciples

 1968: Take the Message Everywhere (Light)
 1971: Keep on Singin' (Light)
 1972: Soulfully (Light)
 1973: Live at Carnegie Hall (Light)
 1975: Take Me Back (Light)
 1976: This Is Another Day (Light)
 1978: Live in London (Light)

Solo recordings

 1972: Just Andrae (Light)
 1979: I'll Be Thinking of You (Light)
 1981: Don't Give Up (Warner Bros.)
 1982: Finally (Light)
 1984: No Time to Lose (Light)
 1986: Autograph (Light)
 1994: Mercy (Qwest)
 1997: Pray (Qwest)
 1998: Gift of Christmas (Qwest)
 2006: Mighty Wind (Verity)
 2011: The Journey (Riverphlo Entertainment)
 2013: Live in Los Angeles

Other credits

Crouch later worked as a producer or arranger with Michael Jackson, Madonna, Quincy Jones, Mika (We Are Golden), Diana Ross, Elton John, Rick Astley ("Cry for Help") and Prefab Sprout. Crouch also had a long relationship with the Oslo Gospel Choir, which he occasionally produced, arranged  for and performed with. In 2014, Crouch joined a cast of artists from around the world on a recording of "One World" by Hong Kong duo the Chung Brothers.

Awards

Crouch won numerous awards throughout his career that included seven Grammy Awards and four GMA Dove Awards. He was also the recipient of ASCAP, Billboard, and NAACP Awards. In 2004, he became the only living Gospel artist – and just the third in history – to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

On November 11, 2011, Sandra and Andrae Crouch were granted an honorary "Artist-in-Residence" Award by the International Center of Worship for Global Day of Worship Regent University, Virginia Beach, VA.

Grammy Awards

Crouch has won seven Grammys:

 1975: Best Soul Gospel Performance – Take Me Back
 1978: Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album – Live in London
 1979: Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album – I'll Be Thinking of You
 1980: Best Gospel Performance, Contemporary or Inspirational – "The Lord's Prayer" (collaborative)
 1981: Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album – Don't Give Up
 1984: Best Soul Gospel Performance, Male – "Always Remember"
 1994: Best Pop/Contemporary Gospel Album – Mercy

GMA Dove Awards

 Soul/Black gospel album
 1977 – This is another day(Light)
 1978 – Live in London (Light)
 Contemporary gospel album of the year
 1985 – No Time to Lose (Light)
 1998 – Pray (Qwest/Warner Bros.)
 Traditional gospel album of the year
 1993 – With all of my heart; Sandra Crouch and Friends (Sparrow)
 Contemporary gospel recorded song of the year
 1997 – "Take me back"; Tribute – The Songs of Andrae Crouch (songwriter) (Warner Alliance)
 Inducted into the Gospel Music Association's Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1998

Other honors

 1985: Oscar nomination for music compositions featured in The Color Purple
 1997: Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music
 2005: NARAS' Inaugural Salute to Gospel Music Lifetime Achievement Award recipient
 2007: Christian Music Hall of Fame and Museum inductee
 2012: How Sweet the Sound Living Legend Award

Filmography

 Film
 1985: The Color Purple songwriter: "Maybe God's Trying to Tell You Something"
 1993: Once Upon a Forest songwriter: "He's Gone/He's Back"
 1994: The Lion King arranger and choral conductor
 Television
 1980: Barbara Mandrell & The Mandrell Sisters special guest
 1982: The Jeffersons "Men of the Cloth" episode
 1982: SCTV Network 90 Christmas special
 1986: Amen theme writer, arranger
 1994: In Search of Dr. Seuss as Yertle the Turtle
 1998: Nickelodeon's Cousin Skeeter

References

External links

1942 births
2015 deaths
20th-century American singer-songwriters
20th-century Christians
21st-century American singer-songwriters
21st-century Christians
African-American Christians
African-American male singers
African-American pianists
American organists
American gospel singers
American male singer-songwriters
Church of God in Christ pastors
Grammy Award winners
Pentecostals from California
Qwest Records artists
Singers from San Francisco
Songwriters from San Francisco
20th-century American male singers
21st-century American male singers
African-American songwriters
Singer-songwriters from California

Andraé Crouch


Placés est un film français réalisé par Nessim Chikhaoui sorti en 2022.

Synopsis

Se destinant à intégrer Sciences Po, Elias se présente aux épreuves du concours d'entrée. Ayant oublié sa carte d'identité, il ne peut les passer. Recherchant un job en attendant de pouvoir se présenter à nouveau, il devient éducateur dans une Maison d'Enfants à Caractère Social par le biais d'un de ses amis. De là commence une expérience de vie, confronté au monde de l'aide sociale à l'enfance.

Fiche technique
 Titre original : Placés
 Réalisation : Nessim Chikhaoui
 Assistant-réalisateur : Laure Prévost
 Scénario : Nessim Chikhaoui et Hélène Fillières
 Scripte : Jeanne Fontaine-Sarda
 Musique : Pascal Mayer et Demusmaker
 Son : Thomas Guytard, Nikolas Javelle et Jean-Paul Hurier
 Décors : Jérémy Streliski
 Costumes : Carole Gérard
 Photographie : Christophe Offenstein
 Montage : Célia Lafitedupont
 Direction de production : Vincent Lefeuvre
 Producteur : Matthieu Tarot
 Société de production : Albertine Productions
 Société de distribution : Le Pacte (France)
 Pays de production :
 Langue originale : français
 Format : couleur — 2,39:1
 Genre : comédie dramatique
 Durée : 111 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
 France :

Distribution
 Shaïn Boumedine : Élias
 Julie Depardieu : Michelle
 Philippe Rebbot : Marc
 Nailia Harzoune : Mathilde
 Moussa Mansaly : Adama
 Aloïse Sauvage : Cécile
 Lucie Charles-Alfred : Emma
 Elyes Aguis : Viorel
 Laëtitia Clément : Julie
 Smaïn : le père d'Élias et de sa sœur
 Djimo : Ahmed
 David Bàn
 Clémentine Verdier : Policière
 François Pérache : le contrôleur du concours de Sciences Po

Production

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Critique sur France Inter
 Critique sur Sens Critique.com

Film français sorti en 2022
Comédie dramatique française

Placés


El Sedosito gorjigualdo (Sericornis citreogularis),  es una especie de ave paseriforme perteneciente a la familia  Acanthizidae.  Es endémica de  Australia en Nueva Gales del Sur.  El hábitat natural es la selva tropical.

Descripción

Alcanza un tamaño de 19-22 cm de longitud, con un peso de 17 gramos. El macho es de color negro, y la hembra tiene una máscara color marrón. Ambos sexos tienen una banda blanca en la frente y la garganta es de color amarillo. Se alimentan de semillas y de insectos.

Subespecies
Comprende las siguientes subespecies:<ref>[http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=ES&avibaseid=F16E99A0640858CA Sericornis citreogularis en AviBase]</ref>
 Sericornis citreogularis cairnsi
 Sericornis citreogularis citreogularis
 Sericornis citreogularis intermedius

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Sericornis

Sericornis citreogularis


Evelyn De Morgan (født 30. august 1855, død 2. maj 1919) var en britisk maler, hvis værker blev inspireret den Prærafaelitiske bevægelse. Hun var tilhænger af Edward Burne-Jones. Hendes malerier udviser spiritualitet; brug af mytologiske, bibelske og litterære temaer; kvindernes rolle; lys og mørke som metaforer; liv og død; og allegorier af krig.

Virke

Hendes malerier blev udstillet første gang i 1877 på Grosvenor Gallery i London, og blev en fast del af udstillingerne.

De Morgan, der var pacifist, udtrykte sin afsky for Første Verdenskrig og Boerkrigens krigsrædsler og malede over femten krigsmalerier.

Privatliv

I august 1883 mødte Evelyn keramikeren William De Morgan, og den 5. marts 1887 blev de gift. De tilbragte livet sammen i London. To år efter hans død i 1917, døde hun den 2. maj 1919 i London og blev begravet på Brookwood Cemetery, nær Woking, Surrey.

Billedgalleri

Referencer

Yderligere litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger

 The De Morgan Foundation

Malere fra England
Kvindelige kunstnere

Evelyn De Morgan


El LXIV Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilia se celebró en Donaueschingen (Alemania) entre el 27 de septiembre y el 6 de octubre de 1991 bajo la organización de la Federación Internacional de Halterofilia (IWF) y la Federación Alemana de Halterofilia.

En el evento participaron 308 halterófilos (200 hombres y 108 mujeres) de 40 federaciones nacionales afiliadas a la IWF.

Medallistas

Masculino

Femenino

Medallero

Enlaces externos
Base de datos iat.uni-leipzig.de .

1991
Halterofilia en 1991
Deporte en Donaueschingen
Deporte en Alemania en 1991
Halterofilia

Campeonato Mundial de Halterofilia de 1991


Raymond Lee Washington (født 14. august 1953, død 9. august 1979) var den oprindelige grundlægger af South Central Los Angeles banden Crips.

Noter

Kriminelle fra USA
Crips
Personer der er blevet myrdet

Raymond Washington


Rus' (ruski, ukrajinski, bjeloruski: Русь) bili su ranosrednjovjekovna etnička skupina u Istočnoj Europi. Sredinom 800.-ih bili su raspoređeni oko Novgoroda. Dominirali su tim područjem više od stotinu godina. Po njima su nastali nazivi država Rusije i Bjelorusije. Mnogi vođe Rus' imali su skandinavska imena, kasnije i skandinavska i slavenska imena. Varjaški Rusi iz Novgoroda, pomiješale su se s Kijevskim Slavenima i postali su poznati kao Kijevska Rus'.

Većina zapadnih znanstvenika vjeruje, da su oni etnička skupina Varjaga, konkretno iz Pomorja. Prema npr. Ruskoj kronici, sastavljenoj oko 1113. godine, Rusi su se preselili iz Pomorja. Njihov vođa zvao se Rurik. Kasnije je Rurikov rođak Oleg zauzeo Kijev, osnovavši Kijevsku Rus'. Potomci Rurika bili su vladajuća dinastija Rus'a (nakon 862.). U kontroverzi se to naziva "normanističkim" pogledom. Postoje i oni koji vjeruju, da su Rusi došli iz Švedske.

Antinormansko gledište je, da su Rusi bili slavenski narod s juga Kijeva. U prilog ovoj teoriji istaknuto je, da nekoliko rijeka ima slična imena. Primjer je to rijeka Ros, koja je pritoka rijeke Dnjepar.

Priča iz Ruske kronike kaže, da su se kijevski Slaveni međusobno borili. Kako bi uspostavili red, pozvali su legendarnog varjaškoga Rus'a Rurika, da im bude vođa. Ovo je još jedno područje kontroverze. Jedna škola mišljenja prihvaća izvještaj Ruske kronike o normanskom porijeklu naroda Rus'a. Suprotno mišljenje kaže da su Skandinavci odigrali malu ulogu u stvaranju Kijevske Rusi, već da su jednostavno angažirani od strane Slavena da ih zaštite. Od 1990-ih postojala je daljnja kontroverza oko toga tko je, Rusija ili Ukrajina, imao bolju tvrdnju da potječe od knezova Kijevske Rusi. Od raspada SSSR-a ruski povjesničari nisu prisiljeni prihvatiti antinormansku teoriju.

U povijesti područje Kijeva raslo je i proširivalo se. Kijevska država trajala je stotinjak godina, sve do oko 972. Između 839. i 1043. Baltički Slaveni udružili su se s južnoslavenskim narodima, da bi nastalo novo društvo. Ime Rus 'počelo je značiti za nove udružene narode. Vođe Rus'a imali su baltoslavenska imena čak i u 10. stoljeću.

Izvori

Istočni Slaveni
Povijest Rusije
Povijest Ukrajine

Rus' (narod)


Alexandre del Valle (n. 6 septembrie 1969) este un politolog, jurnalist și eseist francez, care este interesat în probleme de islamism, terorism și geopolitica a lumii musulmane.

Biografie
Del Valle s-a născut la data de 6 septembrie de 1969 în Marsilia.

Educație
A urmat studii de Securitate, Apărării Naționale și Istorie a doctrinelor politice din cadrul Universității Paul Valéry-Montpellier 3, la Institutul de Studii Politice din Aix-en-Provence, și la Institutul de Științe Politice de la Milano.

El a obținut titlul științific de doctor în istoria contemporană la Universitatea Paul Valéry-Montpellier 3 , cu teza de doctorat "Occidentul și al doilea decolonizarea: Indigenismul și islamismul deoarece Războiul Rece până în prezent".

Carieră profesională
La începutul carierei sale, a lucrat ca funcționar public în Franța, apoi a lucrat la Parlamentul European la Bruxelles, înainte de a crea compania de consultanta.

El predă în prezent geopolitica și relațiile internaționale la Școala de Comerț - La Rochelle.

Eseist
El este autorul a șapte cărți, traduse în limba portugheză, italiană și sârbă. În prima sa carte "Islamismul și Statele Unite ale Americii: o alianță împotriva Europei", a studiat asistența oferită de americani pentru Mujahideen afgan în lupta lor împotriva Uniunii Sovietice.

În ultima carte "Haosul în Siria", el studiază cauzele profunde conflictului sirian.

El a apărat ideea de apropiere între Rusia și Europa pentru a crea un nou bloc geopolitic el a numit "Pan-Vest", care este necesar pentru a lupta împotriva amenințării islamiste.

Del Valle vorbea chiar de "natura totalitară a ortodoxiei islamice" și descrie Islamismul drept al treilea tip de totalitarism, primele două fiind nazism și comunism.

Del Valle este împotriva aderării Turciei la Uniunea Europeană. El a scris într-un articol recent: "A crede că Turcia este "occidentală" pentru că este membră NATO și "europeană" pentru că bate la ușile de la Bruxelles este o eroare de analiză din partea decidenților occidentali, care confundă identitatea civilizațională a Occidentului cu interesele  economice, strategice, instituționale."

În cartea sa "Complexul occidental.Mic tratat de deculpabilizare" el definește acest complex occidental: "E vorba de o boală colectivă, de un proces de autoscufundare identitară fondat pe postulatul că civilizația noastră este cea mai rea dintre toate. Pentru ca niciodată să nu se mai reproducă tragediile trecutului, noi ar trebui să ne rușinăm de Istoria noastră, apoi să ne ștergem rădăcinile "vinovate" pentru a ispăși greșelile strămoșilor noștri siguri sau doar presupuși, în numele cărora  să fim judecați de crimă. ... Acest complex occidental ne împinge, deci, să ne devalorizăm  tot ce e al nostru și să supravalorizăm ceea ce e al celorlalți."

Publicații
 La Maronité politique, Le système confessionnel libanais et la guerre civile, IEP d'Aix-en-Provence, 1992 (mémoire).
 Statut légal des minorités religieuses en terres d'Islam, Faculté de droit d'Aix-en-Provence, 1993 (mémoire).
 La Théorie des élites, Faculté de Sciences politiques de Milan, 1993 (mémoire de DEA en histoire des doctrines politiques et des institutions politiques).
 Islamisme et États-Unis, une alliance contre l'Europe, L'Âge d'Homme, 1997 (ISBN 2-8251-1060-4). versions italienne et serbo-croate.
 Une idée certaine de la France (ouvr coll), Sous la direction d'Alain Griotteray, 1999, France-Empire, 1998.
 Guerres contre l'Europe : Bosnie, Kosovo, Tchétchénie, Les Syrtes, 2001 (ISBN 2-84545-045-1). (versions espagnoles, brésilienne, portugaise, italienne et serbo-croate).
 Quel avenir pour les Balkans après la guerre du Kosovo, Paneuropa/L'Age d'Homme, 2000.
 Le Totalitarisme islamiste à l'assaut des démocraties, Les Syrtes, 2002.
 La Turquie dans l'Europe : un cheval de Troie islamiste ?, Les Syrtes, 2004 (ISBN 2-84545-093-1).
 Le Dilemme turc, ou les vrais enjeux de la candidature d'Ankara avec Emmanuel Razavi, Les Syrtes (ISBN 2-84545-116-4).
 Frères musulmans. Dans l'ombre d'Al Qaeda, Jean-Cyrille Godefroy, 2005 (ISBN 2-86553-179-1), préface d'Emmanuel Razavi.
 Perché la Turchia non può entrare nell'Unione europea, Guerini ed Associati, Milan, 2009 (préface de Roberto de Mattei).
 I Rossi, Neri, Verdi: la convergenza degli Estremi opposti, Lindau, 2009, Turin (préface Magdi Allam).
 Pourquoi on tue des chrétiens dans le monde aujourd'hui ? : La nouvelle christianophobie, Maxima Laurent du Mesnil 2011 (préface Denis Tillinac)
 Le complexe occidental : Petit traité de déculpabilisation (Complexul occidental.Mic tratat de deculpabilizare), L'artilleur, Toucan Essais, 2014.
 Le Chaos syrien, printemps arabes et minorités face à l'islamisme, Dhow, 2014

Note

Politologi francezi
Jurnaliste francezi
Eseiști francezi

Alexandre del Valle


Kızılgür, Balıkesir ilinin Sındırgı ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Balıkesir il merkezine 79 km, Sındırgı ilçesine 16 km uzaklıktadır. Kuzeyinde Karakaya Köyü, doğusunda Alacaatlı mahallesi, güneyinde Alakır mahallesi, batısında Eğridere mahallesi bulunmaktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

Sındırgı'nın mahalleleri

Kızılgür, Sındırgı


Rasyonellik, akılcılık ya da usçuluk anlamında felsefi terim ve önerme. Rasyonalizm, rasyonelliği merkez alan bir felsefe öğretisidir. Buna göre, hem gerçekliğin hem de doğruluğun ölçütü rasyonalitede yani ustadır.
Akılcılık, rasyonel olmanın niteliği ya da halidir - yani, akla dayalı ya da akla uygunluk.  Akılcılık, kişinin inançlarının kişinin inanma nedenleriyle ve kişinin harekete geçme nedenleriyle yaptığı eylemlerle uyumlu olduğunu ima eder. "Akılcılık" felsefesinde farklı uzmanlıklara sahiptir, örnek olarak  ekonomi, sosyoloji, psikoloji, evrimsel biyoloji, oyun teorisi ve siyaset bilimi verilebilir.

Hangi davranışın en rasyonel olduğunu belirlemek için, kişinin birkaç önemli varsayım yapması ve ayrıca sorunun mantıksal bir formülüne (şüpheli - tartışmak) ihtiyacı vardır. Amaç veya problem bir karar vermeyi gerektirdiğinde, mevcut olan tüm bilgilerin rasyonellik faktörleri (örneğin tam veya eksik bilgi). Toplu olarak, formülasyon ve arka plan varsayımları rasyonalitenin uygulandığı modeldir. Rasyonalite akrabadır: Bir kişinin kendini en iyi şekilde yararlandırdığı bir modeli kabul ederse, o zaman bencillik, bencil olma ile özdeş olan davranışlarla eşitlenir; eğer gruptan yarar sağlayan bir model kabul edilirse, o zaman tamamen bencil davranış irrasyonel olarak kabul edilir. Bu nedenle, problemin nasıl çerçevelenip formüle edildiğini açıklayan arka plan modeli varsayımlarını belirtmeden rasyonaliteyi öne sürmek anlamsızdır.

Alman sosyolog Max Weber, dört farklı idealize edilmiş rasyonalite türü arasında ayrım yapan bir toplumsal eylem yorumu önermiştir. Zweckrational veya amaçlı / araçsal akılcılık adını verdiği ilki, çevredeki diğer insan veya nesnelerin davranışları ile ilgili beklentilerle ilgilidir. Bu beklentiler, belirli bir aktörün, Weber'in "rasyonel olarak izlendiği ve hesaplandığı" şeklinde belirttiği uçlara ulaşmak için araçlar olarak hizmet eder. İkinci tip Weber, Wertrational veya değer / inanç odaklı olarak adlandırdı. Burada, aktörün içsel nedenleri olarak adlandırılabilecek bir şey için harekete geçilir: bazı etik, estetik, dinsel ya da başka sebepler, başarıya yol açıp açmayacaklarından bağımsız olarak. Üçüncü tip etkileyiciydi, bir oyuncunun kendine özgü duygu, duygu ya da duyguları tarafından belirlendi. Bu, Weber'in bunun, "anlamlı olarak yönlendirilmiş" olarak nitelendirdiği sınırda yer alan bir çeşitlilik olduğunu söyledi. Dördüncü, geleneksel ya da konvansiyonel, yerleşik alışkanlık tarafından belirlendi. Weber, bu yönelimlerden sadece birini bulmanın çok sıra dışı olduğunu vurguladı: kombinasyonlar normdu. Kullanımı ayrıca ilk ikisinin diğerlerinden daha anlamlı olduğunu düşündüğünü ve üçüncü ve dördüncülerin ilk ikisinin alt türleri olduğunu açıkça ortaya koymaktadır

İlk olarak rasyonellik, önsel bilginin (a priori) kesin güvenilirliği üstüne kurulmuş bir eğilimdir. Bu felsefi öğretinin dayandığı epistemolojiye göre bilgi, temelden ya da yalnızca akıldan gelir . Hem bilginin hem de yaşamın kurucu ilkesi akıl olmalıdır, der bu yaklaşım.

Duyusal deneyimi ikincil kılar ve dahası önemsizleştirir. Deneyciliğe (ampirizm) karşı, gerçek bilginin deney-dışı bir yapıya sahip olduğunu ve akla dayandığını ileri sürer. Tümdengelimli düşünce yöntemine dayanır.

René Descartes, Leibniz, Spinoza ve Kant gibi düşünürlerde görülen genel yaklaşım biçimi rasyonellik olarak ifade edilebilir. Aydınlanma çağının temelinde rasyonellik fikri, yani her şeyin akıl ile değerlendirilmesi, temellendirilmesi ve düzenlenmesi fikri egemendir.

Kaynakça
 Felsefe Sözlüğü - A.Baki Güçlü; Erkan Uzun; Serkan Uzun; Ü. Hüsrev Yoksal-Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları
 "Definition of RATIONALITY". www.merriam-webster.com.
 "Definition of RATIONAL". www.merriam-webster.com.

Felsefi kavramlar
Mikroekonomik davranış altında yatan ilkeler

Rasyonellik


Susan Margaret Collins (født 7. december 1952) er en amerikansk politiker. Hun er en senator og repræsenterer Maine og Det republikanske parti.

Eksterne henvisninger

Medlemmer af Senatet i USA
Personer fra Maine

Susan Collins


68719 Jangyeongsil este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
68719 Jangyeongsil este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Bohyunsan de Young-Beom Jeon. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,47 ua, o excentricitate de 0,10 și o înclinație de 4,9° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 68001-69000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2002
Centura de asteroizi

68719 Jangyeongsil


Quolls (; genus Dasyurus) are carnivorous marsupials native to Australia and New Guinea. They are primarily nocturnal and spend most of the day in a den. Of the six species of quoll, four are found in Australia and two in New Guinea. Another two species are known from fossil remains in Pliocene and Pleistocene deposits in Queensland. Genetic evidence indicates that quolls evolved around 15 million years ago in the Miocene, and that the ancestors of the six species had all diverged by around four million years ago. The six species vary in weight and size, from  to . They have brown or black fur and pink noses. They are largely solitary, but come together for a few social interactions such as mating which occurs during the winter season. A female gives birth to up to 30 pups, but the number that can be raised to adulthood is limited by the number of teats (6–7). They have a life span of 1–5 years (species dependent).

Quolls eat smaller mammals, small birds, lizards, and insects. All species have drastically declined in numbers since Australasia was colonised by Europeans, with one species, the eastern quoll, becoming extinct on the Australian mainland in the 1960s. Major threats to their survival include the toxic cane toad, predators such as feral cats and foxes, urban development, and poison baiting. Conservation efforts include captive breeding programs and reintroductions.

Taxonomy
The name Dasyurus (from Greek δασύουρος, dasýouros) means "hairy-tail", and was coined by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1796 (from
δασύς : dasýs "hairy" and οὐρά : ourá "tail").

In 1770, Captain Cook collected quolls on his exploration of the east coast of Australia, adopting an Aboriginal name for the animals. Although the origin of Cook's specimens are unclear, the word and its variants je-quoll, jaquol or taquol are derived from the word dhigul in the language of the Guugu Yimithirr people of far north Queensland. No evidence indicates the local indigenous people used the word in the Sydney area. They were likened in appearance to a polecat or marten in the earliest reports, the tiger quoll (spotted-tailed) being called "spotted marten" and eastern quoll "spotted opossum", but by 1804, the names "native fox", "native cat" and "tiger cat" had been adopted by early settlers; quolls are still called "marsupial foxes" or "marsupial cats".

In the 1960s, noted naturalist David Fleay pushed for the revival of the term "quoll" to replace the then-current vernacular names that he felt were misleading.

Four species have been recovered from Pleistocene cave deposits from Mount Etna Caves National Park near Rockhampton in central Queensland. Remains of the spotted-tailed quoll and the northern quoll, and a species either identical or very similar to the eastern quoll, as well as a prehistoric species as yet undescribed, all lived in what was a rainforest climate. The northern quoll is still found in the region. The fossil species D. dunmalli, described by Bartholomai in 1971, is the oldest species recovered to date. Its remains were found in Pliocene deposits near Chinchilla in southeastern Queensland. Known only from a lower jaw and some teeth, it was a relative of the spotted-tailed quoll.

The first species described, the eastern quoll, was originally placed in the American opossum genus Didelphis by an anonymous author, and named Didelphis maculata. This name is no longer considered valid, and the second part of the name is now given to a different species, the spotted-tailed quoll, Dasyurus maculatus, while the eastern quoll was renamed Dasyurus viverrinus by George Shaw in 1800.

The tribe Dasyurini, to which quolls belong, also includes the Tasmanian devil, the antechinus, the kowari, and the mulgara. Genetic analysis of cytochrome b DNA and 12S rRNA
of the mitochondria indicates the quolls evolved and diversified in the late Miocene between 15 and 5 million years ago, a time of great diversification in marsupials. The ancestors of all current species had diverged by the early Pliocene, around 4 million years ago.

Species
The genus Dasyurus consists of six species of quoll:

The following is a phylogenetic tree based on mitochondrial genome sequences:

Description

Quolls are solitary, nocturnal animals. Depending on the species, adult quolls can be  long, with hairy tails about  long. Average weight differs greatly depending on the species; male western and eastern quolls weigh about  and females . The spotted-tailed quoll is the largest, with the male weighing about  and the female . The northern quoll is the smallest, and the male weighs on average , and the female . Their coats are sandy, brown, or black, with a sparse scattering of white spots. They have bright pink noses and long snouts.

Females have >8 teats and develop a pouch during the breeding season, which opens toward the tail (with the exception of the spotted-tailed quoll, which has a true pouch) when they are rearing young. Their natural lifespans are 1–5 years; the larger species tend to live longer.

Distribution and habitat

Quolls are indigenous to mainland Australia, the island state of Tasmania, and New Guinea. The six species were once widely distributed across the three land masses, but are now restricted to only a few areas. Although primarily ground-dwelling, the genus has developed secondary arboreal characteristics. Each species of quoll lives in distinct geographical areas. The spotted-tailed quoll is an exclusively mesic zone species; inhabiting wetter habitats. The western quoll also inhabits mesic habitat, but has adapted to arid regions across inland Australia, while the northern quoll inhabits tropical habitat of high rainfall.

Behaviour
Quolls are carnivorous marsupials. They are primarily nocturnal, sleeping in hollowed-out logs or rocky dens and coming out to hunt during the night, though on rare occasions they can be seen looking for prey during the day.

They are mostly ground-dwelling, but it is not uncommon to see a quoll climbing a tree. Quolls mark their territory several kilometres away from their dens. A male's territory often overlaps many females' territories, and male and female quolls only meet for mating. Some quolls use communal latrines, usually on an outcropping used for marking territory and social functions, which may have up to 100 droppings in them. Quolls are mostly solitary, limiting contact with other quolls to mating or other social activities.

Diet

Quolls are mostly carnivorous. The smaller quolls primarily eat insects, birds, frogs, lizards and fruit; the larger species eat birds, reptiles, and mammals, including echidnas and possums. The spotted-tailed quoll's diet is dominated by mammals such as brushtail possums, rabbits, hares and invertebrates. The exact mix is variable depending on the availability of prey after bushfires, and can include carrion or bandicoots when food is scarce. The other species of quoll have also been known to eat carrion.

Quolls hunt by stalking. Quolls pin small prey down with their front paws while devouring it, and jump onto larger prey, sinking in their claws and closing their jaws around the neck. The paws and vibrissae of quolls allow them to reach into small burrows to find prey. Quolls can obtain all the water they need from their food, making them adaptable during droughts or other periods of water shortage. A study of historical records revealed 111 written accounts of quolls opportunistically feeding on human remains in Australia.

Reproduction
Mating occurs during the winter months. Once a female quoll has been impregnated, the folds on her abdomen convert into a pouch that opens at the back. The gestation period is ~21 days (species dependent). A baby quoll, or pup, is the size of a grain of rice at birth. Up to 30 quolls (species dependent) can be born in each litter, but the number that can be raised is limited by the number of teats. The survivors fuse to the teats and suckle milk in their mother's pouch for 6–8 weeks. After this, the pups unfuse from the teats and the mother can deposit them in a den where they can remain for over a month.

Quolls reach maturity at one year old, and have a natural lifespan of 1–5 years (species dependent). A 2008 study of spotted-tailed quoll pouches reported their appearance was a reliable indicators of reproductive status; during the follicular phase pouches were red and had secretions, and after ovulation pouches were deep and wet. This can determine where a female quoll is in her ovarian cycle, which is anticipated to be helpful in breeding management.

Threats
 Cane toads were introduced into Queensland in 1935; their numbers have since grown exponentially. These poisonous toads pose a significant threat to the northern quoll, which may die after consuming one. The Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities has stated that cane toads are highly invasive and are major threats to the survival of northern quolls.

Predators such as red foxes and feral cats prey on quolls and compete with them for food. For example, both quolls and foxes catch and consume rabbits. Since the introduction of foxes, quoll populations have declined dramatically. Foxes have been eradicated from many of the islands off the coast of Australia in an effort to protect quolls.

Quoll habitat suffers from urbanisation, housing development, mining development, and agricultural expansion. Habitats are also being destroyed by large herbivores trampling the grass and overgrowth, making camouflage difficult. Bushfires and weeds also contribute to habitat destruction.

The natural poison fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) is commonly used in Australia to control introduced pests such as European rabbits, foxes, feral predators, and dingoes. The poison is extremely toxic to introduced pests, but less so to native animals as it is found naturally in many Australian plants. However, juvenile quolls may be susceptible to the poison. Research being undertaken to determine whether the number of quolls protected from predators may be less than those killed by the poison.

Conservation
Since 1770, all Australian quoll species have declined due to habitat destruction through urbanisation. European rabbits were introduced to Australia with the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788 as part of biodiversity enrichment efforts. The native quolls predated upon rabbits and prior to 1870, many accounts recorded quolls impeding their establishment on the mainland while island colonies thrived. In response, quolls were systematically exterminated by colonists to defend introduced species such as chickens; rabbits populations subsequently reached plague proportions.

Quolls have been studied in captivity, with the ultimate aim of supporting conservation of the species, and future translocations. These studies include investigations into their haematology and blood biochemistry profiles, and dietary studies.

Creating a native pet industry in Australia related to quolls could aid in their conservation. However, concerns exist about this methodology in regards to animal husbandry, conservation benefits, and other issues. Some scientists believe that keeping quolls as pets could aid in their long-term conservation, but further research is needed.

Spotted-tailed quoll
In late October 2011, a litter of five spotted-tailed quoll pups was born at Wild Life Sydney in Darling Harbour, Australia. The pups were born to inexperienced parents, both just one year old. The reason for the young parents was because older male quolls can become violent and kill the female if they do not want to mate. By breeding one-year-old quolls, there was no threat of violence. Four of the quoll pups will be sent to other zoos or wildlife parks across Australia, but one, which the researchers named Nelson, will stay at the centre to become an "ambassador for all quolls".

On 28 September 2023, it was reported that a farmer in Beachport, South Australia set up a trap to catch what he thought was a fox or a cat eating his chickens and caught a Spotted-tailed quoll. It is the first time in 130 years that a quoll has been found in South Australia. It was considered to be extinct in South Australia. The captured quoll was handed over to the National Parks and Wildlife Service where it will be DNA tested and treated by a veterinarian.

Western quoll
Fox control programs have benefited the western quoll. The Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia) monitors western quoll populations in the Jarrah Forest as part of its faunal management programs, as well as ongoing research into fox control, timber harvesting, and prescribed burning.

The Perth Zoo has been monitoring a successful captive-breeding program since 1989. It has successfully bred more than 60 western quolls, most of which it transferred to Julimar Conservation Park, with proposals to translocate to Wheatbelt reserves and Shark Bay.

Eastern quoll
In 2003, the eastern quoll was reintroduced to a 473 ha fox-proof fenced sanctuary at Mt Rothwell Biodiversity Interpretation Centre at Mount Rothwell in Victoria. In 2016, the eastern quoll was also successfully reintroduced to Mulligans Flat Woodland Sanctuary in the Australian Capital Territory.

Bristol Zoo was the first zoo in the UK to successfully breed eastern quolls.

In March 2018, twenty eastern quolls bred in a wildlife park in Tasmania were released into the Booderee National Park on the south coast of NSW. In May 2021, the reintroduction of eastern quolls to Booderee National Park has been reported to have failed when numbers were down to one male.

Northern quoll
The northern quoll is threatened by toxic cane toads, but a University of Sydney project revealed in 2010 is teaching them to avoid eating the invasive amphibians.

In 2008, the Northern Territory Wildlife Park in Australia recorded their first litter of northern quoll pups in the park. The quolls bred well in captivity, with over 15 litters in the 2008 breeding season alone.

Bronze quoll
The bronze quoll occurs in a few protected areas, such as Wasur National Park and Tonda Wildlife Management Area. More research on distribution and threats is needed for further conservation.

Culture contexts
Tjilpa is the name given to the quoll amongst the Northern Arrernte language group of Australian Aboriginal people.

References

Bibliography

External links

 Bush Heritage Australia: Quolls

Dasyuromorphs
Marsupials of Australia
Marsupials of New Guinea
Extant Miocene first appearances
Taxa named by Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire

Quoll


Zalduondo, İspanya'nın kuzeyinde otonom bölgelerinden biri olan Bask Özerk Bölgesi'nin Alava eyaletine bağlı bulunan belediyesi. Nüfusu 142 kişidir. (2002)

Álava'nın belediyeleri

Zalduondo


ديخور  بكسر أوله وسكون ثانية، قرية صغيرة تتبع ناحية كوخرد  (بالفارسية: بخش كوخرد)  من توابع مدينة بستك في محافظة هرمزگان في جنوب إيران.
تقع في شمال وادي ديخور، وتطل عليها هضبة بهر ديخور من جهة الشرق.

حدود قرية ديخور

من الشمال: قرية بربار، ومن الجنوب « حصن مهران »، ومن الغرب « جبل ديخور » ومن الشرق تنتهي بقرية بر أحمد.

السكان
يقطن هذه القرية حوال 30 شخص من البدو الرحل، وهم من أهل السنة والجماعة وعلى المذهب الشافعي. لهم مسجد واحد، ومدرسة مشتركة. يمتهن سكان القرية بمهنة الزراعة وتربية الجمال والمواشي والأغنام، ويصدرون المنتجات الحيوانية إلى القرى المجاورة.

كلمة: « بهر » تعني باللهجة المحلية هضبة، وديخور: دي أو ده: تعني: قرية، وخور: تعني وادي. فارسي معرب.

المصادر

 الكوخردى، محمد، بن يوسف، (كُوخِرد حَاضِرَة اِسلامِيةَ عَلي ضِفافِ نَهر مِهران kookherd، an Islamic District on the bank of Mehran River) الطبعة الثالثة، دبى: سنة 1997 للميلاد.
 محمدیان، کوخردی، محمد، " «به یاد کوخرد» "، ج1. چاپ أول، دبی: سال انتشار 2002 میلادی.(فارسي)
 سلامى، بستكى، احمد.  (بستک در گذرگاه تاریخ)  ج2 چاپ أول، 1372 خورشيدى.
 عباسی، قلی، مصطفی،  «بستک وجهانگیریه»، چاپ أول، تهران : ناشر: شرکت انتشارات جهان معاصر، سال 1372 خورشیدی.
 محمدیان، كوخردى، محمد،  (شهرستان بستک وبخش کوخرد) ، ج1. چاپ أول، دبی: سال انتشار 2005 میلادی.
 بالود، محمد.  (فرهنگ عامه در منطقه بستک)  ناشر همسايه، چاپ زيتون، انتشار سال 1384 خورشیدی.
 بنى عباسيان، بستكى، محمد اعظم،  « تاريخ جهانگيريه»  چاپ تهران، سال 1339 خورشيدى.
 بختيارى، سعيد، ،  « اتواطلس إيران » ، " مؤسسه جغرافيايى وكارتگرافى گيتا شناسى، بهار 1384 خورشيدى

انظر أيضاً
  كوخرد حاضرة إسلامية على ضفاف نهر مهران

موقع القرية على خارطة غوغل ماب
 موقع قرية ديخور على: Google Maps

وصلات خارجية
 الادارية لمحافظة هرمزگان
 الادارية لمحافظة هرمزگان (بلده كوخرد)

أماكن مأهولة في مقاطعة بستك
بلدة كوخرد
مدن إيران

ديخور


William Herbrand Sackville( /d ɛ l ə w ɛər /  - ) est un pair britannique. Il hérite du comté le 28 janvier 1976 à la mort de son père Herbrand Edward Dundonald Brassey Sackville,  comte De La Warr.

Biographie
Il fait ses études au Collège d'Eton, et combat pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, atteignant le grade de capitaine dans le régiment de parachutistes de l'armée britannique. Après la guerre, le 18 mai 1946, il épouse Anne Rachel Devas (petite-nièce d'un ancien Premier ministre, Henry Campbell-Bannerman). Ils ont trois enfants :

 William Sackville (11e comte De La Warr), né le 10 avril 1948
 Thomas Geoffrey Sackville, né le 26 octobre 1950
 Arabella Avice Diana Sackville, née le 20 juin 1958

À l'automne 1987, le comte propose de vendre la Forêt d'Ashdown, le cadre réel des histoires de Winnie l'ourson, au conseil du comté d'East Sussex à un prix inférieur à celui du marché de 1,2 million de livres sterling pour la propriété de 6 500 acres. Jeunes enfants, le futur comte et Christopher Robin Milne y ont joué ensemble. Milne lui-même se joint aux défenseurs de l'environnement pour empêcher que la forêt ne soit vendue au coup par coup à des propriétaires privés et pour s'opposer à une demande de BP de forer du pétrole là-bas. La vente au conseil est conclue après la mort du comte, faisant de la forêt un domaine public.

En septembre 1981, le comte autorise Doctor Who à filmer sur le domaine pour l'épisode Black Orchid .

Le 9 février 1988, à l'âge de 66 ans, le comte De La Warr est décédé après être tombé sous un train à la station St. James's Park du Métro de Londres. Une enquête statue que la mort est un suicide, un jury concluant que le comte a été « anxieux et bouleversé par les dommages causés par l'ouragan à son domaine ».

Références

Liens externes

Décès en février 1988
Élève du collège d'Eton
Deputy Lieutenant du Sussex de l'Est
Famille West
Comte de la pairie de Grande-Bretagne
Naissance en octobre 1921
Décès à 66 ans
Comte De La Warr
Baron Buckhurst

William Sackville (10e comte De La Warr)


An Diuris aequalis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Ferdinand von Mueller ngan Robert Desmond David Fitzgerald. An Diuris aequalis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Diuris, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha New South Wales. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Diuris

Diuris aequalis


Neo Cortex est un groupe de techno allemand composé de Lars Böge (DJ Gollum), Jan Miesner (DJ Yanny / Terraformer) et Heiko Lempio (D.K. Booth). Il a été fondé en 2000 et produit principalement de la trance.

Biographie
Ils ont déjà eu leur premier hit avec leur deuxième single , sorti en 2000, dans la version remixée en 2004 et interprété par Alexandra Prince. La chanson s'est maintenue pendant 10 semaines dans le top 10 des Club Charts allemands, atteint la  place dans les Official Dance Charts de Media Control  et a été sélectionnée pour la Club Rotation de VIVA, lors de la présentation de laquelle Neo Cortex s'est produit. Au total, la chanson est apparue sur plus de 20 compilations, dont certaines ont été publiées sur des labels majeurs.

Suivirent ensuite les relativement moins remarqués ,  et, en 2006, .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Groupe allemand de musique électronique
Groupe de techno
Groupe musical formé en 2000

Neo Cortex (groupe)


İmamoğlu, Adana ilinin bir ilçesidir.

Tarihçe
İmamoğlu'nun en eski yerleşim kalıntıları Çörten köyünün Pekmezci mahallesindeki "Altınini" kalıntıları ile Koyunevi köyünde bulunan mozaik kalıntıları, mağaralar ve eski küplerdir. Ayrıca Ufacıkören, Sokudaş, Ağzıkaraca, Üçtepe gibi çevre köylerde ve Saygeçit mahallesinde örenler mevcuttur.

1865'te Fırka-i Islahiye olayından sonra Kozan-Adana arasında emniyetli ulaşım sağlanması için yol güzergâhı üzerinde bir han ve hanın yanında güvenliği sağlayacak jandarma teşkilatının kurulması politikası neticesinde İmamoğlu'nun bugünkü köyleri kurulmuştur. Fırka-i islahiye harekâtı ile bölgedeki Türkmen aşiretleri bu bölgede yerleşik hayata geçirilmişlerdir. Bu türkmen aşiretlerinin başlıcaları, Avşarlar, Sırkıntıoğulları, Kozanoğulları, Karsantıoğulları, Kırıntı, Hacılar ve Berber aşiretleridir. Fırak-i Islahiye'den yaklaşık 70 yıl sonra ise Karakayalı Yörükleri Ağzıkaraca köyü ve İmamoğlu - Ceyhan arasındaki Cebre köyüne gönderilmiştir.

Kozan, 1923–1926 yılları arasında vilayetlik olmuş, 1926 yılında tekrar Adana vilayetine bağlı ilçe haline dönüştürülmüştür. İmamoğlu ilçesinin bugünkü köylerinin çoğu Cumhuriyet'in ilk yıllarında vardı ve Kozan'a bağlıydılar. Çevre köylerin Cumhuriyet'in ilk yıllarında var olduğu bilinmekle beraber, İmamoğlu isminin nereden geldiği henüz belli değildir. İmamoğlu isminin kaynağı konusunda farklı rivayetler bulunmaktadır ama İmamoğlu isminin 1832 tarihlerinde de (yani II. Mahmud'un hükmünün son zamanlarında) olduğu bilinmektedir.

Bugünkü İmamoğlu ilçe merkezinin yerinde eskiden "Garipler Mezarlığı" bulunmaktaydı. Çevredeki konargöçerler cenazelerini buradaki mezarlığa defnederlermiş. Bu mezarlık zaman içerisinde kaldırılarak yerleşime açılmış. Bu bölgenin aynı zamanda eskiden bataklık olduğu ve bol miktarda sivrisinekten dolayı sıtma hastalığı olduğundan yerleşime açılmadığı; ancak yol güzergâhı konumu nedeniyle geliştiği rivayet edilmektedir.

İmamoğlu İlçesi, Merkez-i halî alan (boş alan) olduğundan devlet tarafından iskana müsait bölge belirlenerek, Anadolu dışından gelen Türk asıllı göçmenlere tahsis edilmiştir. Bu yüzden 1936 yılında Romanya'dan gelen göçmenler ilçeye bağlı Koyunevi, Yazıtepe ve Ayvalı Köylerine yerleşmişlerdir. Ayrıca, 1938 yılında gelen göçmenler de bugünkü ilçe merkezinin bulunduğu yere hükümetçe yerleştirilmişlerdir. Daha sonra Ceyhan ve Kozan ilçelerinde bulunan Romanya Göçmenleri de İmamoğlu'na taşınmışlardır.

Romanya ve Bulgaristan'dan gelen göçmenlerin ve çevre ilçe ve köylerden gelen yerli halkın yerleşmesiyle İmamoğlu ve çevresinin nüfusu arttı. Yerleşim, 1917 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır. Daha önceleri Koyunevi Köyü'ne bağlı bir mahalle iken, 11 Mart 1941'de köy statüsü kazandı.

1945 yılında İmamoğlu Pazarı kurulmuştur. Bu pazar, İmamoğlu'nda yaşamı hareketlendirmiştir ve bu yerleşim yeri dikkat çekmeye başlamıştır. 1946 yılından itibaren göçer Yörükleri ile civar köylerde barınan yarı göçebe hayatı yaşayan aşiretler de İmamoğlu'nu mesken tutmuştur.

İmamoğlu ilçesi Yörüklerin iskân edildikleri, yerleştikleri bir bölgedir. İmamoğlu köylerinde küçükbaş hayvan yetiştiren köylüler bulunmaktadır. Yörükler'in İmamoğlu'nda kışladıkları, Ramazan ayında teravih namazlarını bir çadırda toplanarak kıldıkları, namaz kıldıran imamın oğlu burada öldüğünden yerin adının İmamoğlu kaldığı anlatılmaktadır. Bir başka anlatımda ise buraya ilk olarak Tokat'tan imam gelip yerleştiği, o öldükten sonra oğlundan "imamoğlu" diye bahsedildiği aktarılmaktadır.

Bir başka anlatımda, İmamoğlu isminin, bir imamın oğlunun Toroslar'dan doğan Çepelce Deresi üzerinde kurulan köprübaşında inşa ettiği handan geldiği ifade edilmiştir. Çepelce Deresi İmamoğlu ilçe merkezinden geçmektedir ve dere üzerinde köprü bulunmaktadır.

 2 Ekim 1949 tarihinde Daimi Asayiş Karakolu olarak Jandarma Teşkilatı kurulmuştur.
 1950 yılında Bulgaristan'dan gelen Türk asıllı Göçmenler iskan edilmişlerdir.
 30 Temmuz 1959 tarihinde Bucak Teşkilatı statüsüne kavuşmuştur.
 1964 yılında Belediye Teşkilatı kurulmuştur.
 İmamoğlu, 19/06/1987 tarih ve 3392 sayılı 103 ilçe kurulması hakkındaki kanun ile Kozan İlçesinden ayrılarak bağımsız ilçe statüsüne kavuşmuştur.

Coğrafya
İmamoğlu ilçe merkezi; Adana il merkezine 45 km, Kozan ilçe merkezine 27 km mesafede olup; Adana'dan Kozan, Feke, Saimbeyli ve Tufanbeyli'ye giden yol güzergâhı üzerinde bulunur. İmamoğlu'nun yüzölçümü 424 km²'dir. kuzeyinde Kozan, güneyinde Yüreğir ve Ceyhan, doğusunda Ceyhan ve Kozan, batısında ise Aladağ ve Karaisalı ilçeleri bulunur. Yer şekilleri genel olarak ovasal özellikler gösterip, tarıma elverişli alüvyonal araziler ağırlıktadır. İlçenin kuzeyinde karstik yer şekilleri görülebilmektedir. İlçe rakımı 90 m olup, kuzeye doğru bu rakam artış gösterebilmektedir.

İklim
İlçe iklimi, tipik Akdeniz iklimi özelliklerini radikal bir biçimde göstermektedir. Yazları sıcak ve kurak, kışları ılık ve yağışlıdır. Yağışlar yağmur ve dolu şeklindedir.

Nüfus
Nüfusun çoğunluğu tarım ve hayvancılıkla geçinir. İlçenin 27 mahallesi bulunmaktadır. Adana şehir merkezine 45 km uzaklıktaki ilçenin ana gelir kaynağı tarımdır.

Mahalleler
İmamoğlu'nun 27 mahallesinin 11'i merkezde bulunmaktadır. Merkez mahallelerinde 21.304 kişi (%75) yaşamaktadır. En uzak mahallesi ise 33,8 km uzaklıktaki Uluçınar'dır. Merkez mahalleleri dışında nüfusu en fazla olan, 884 kişi ile Üçtepe mahallesidir. İmamoğlu'nun nüfusu 2017 yılında % 0,88 azalmıştır.

İmamoğlu ilçesinin mahallelerinin ilçeye uzaklığı, rakımı ve nüfusu

* Km,  Adalet Mahallesi'nde bulunan kaymakamlığa olan uzaklıktır.

Ekonomi
İlçe ekonomisi büyük oranda tarıma dayalıdır. İlçenin temel gelir kaynağı tarımdır ama sulama sondaj kuyularından sağlandığı için yetersizdir. Tarımsal üretime dayalı imalathaneleri ve küçük ölçekli sanayi tesisleri vardır. Tarım ve hayvancılığın çok önemli olduğu ilçede, üretilen en önemli tarım ürünleri; mısır, buğday, şeftali, zeytin, soya, patates, kekik, nane, ayçiçeği, pamuk, yer fıstığı gibi ürünlerdir. Sulu arazilerde ikinci ekim yapılabilmektedir.  Ayrıca örtü karpuzu ve narenciye yetiştirilmektedir. Hayvancılık alanında en önemli faaliyetler, besicilik ve arıcılıktır.  İlçede koyun, keçi, sığır yetiştiriciliği yapılmaktadır. Süt Toplama ve Süt İşleme Tesisi, Un fabrikası, yer fıstığı sökme makinesi imalatı, arı kovan üretimi gibi ekonomik faaliyetler, ilçe ekonomisinin önemli bir bölümünü oluşturmaktadır.

İmamoğlu Salı Pazarı, her hafta salı gününde ilçe merkezinde kurulmaktadır. İmamoğlu Salı Pazarı, yörede kurulan en büyük pazar olup, bünyesinde hayvan pazarı, süt ve süt ürünleri pazarı ve mutfak gereçleri pazarı barındırır. Salı günleri 07.00-14.00 saatleri arasında kurulan pazar, yöredeki önemli ticarî platformlardan biridir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Taş Evler
 İmamoğlu Kaymakamlığı

Adana'nın ilçeleri

İmamoğlu


ත්‍රි පරිමාණ ස්කෑනර් - භාවිත

1)	දන්ත වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යාවේ පරිගණක ආශ්‍රිත නිර්මාණ වලට

	පුටුවට පැත්තෙන් සවිකර ඇති බොහෝ දන්ත පරිගණක නිර්මාණ (Dental CAD/CAM System) පද්ධතිවල ත්‍රිමාණ මුහුණත බලාගැනීමට යොදාගනී. මෙමඟින් හා පරිගණක ආශ්‍රිත මෘදුකාංග මඟින් දන්ත ප්‍රතිස්ථාපනය කෙසේ සිදුවියයුතුද යන්න තීරණය කරයි. මෙම කාර්යන් සඳහා CAM (පරිගණක ආශ්‍රිත නිර්මාණය වූ) තාක්ෂණය යොදා ගනී. මෙම තාක්ෂණයට උදාහරණ  වන්නේ CWC මෙහෙලීම් යන්ත්‍රය, ත්‍රිමාණ මුද්‍රකය වැනි ඒවාය. මෙය සම්බන්ධ කරන පුටුව ඒවාට උදව්වන ආකාරයට නිර්මාණය කර තිබේ.

Orthotics (විකලාංග උපකරණ) CAD/CAM (පරිගණක ආශ්‍රිත නිර්මාණ)

බොහෝ විකලාංග සේවකයන් රෝගියාගේ ත්‍රිමාණ මුහුණත බලාගැනීමට ත්‍රිමාණ ස්කෑනර් භාවිතා කරයි. එය බොහෝ වෙහෙස කරවන පැලැස්තර වාත්තු වෙනුවට යොදාගත හැක. ඉන් අනතුරුව මෙම විකලාංග උපකරණ පරිගණක ආශ්‍රිත නිර්මාණකයන් (CAD) හා මෘදුකාංග මඟින් නිර්මාණය කරනු ලබයි.

ත්‍රි පරිමාණ ස්කෑනර් - භාවිත


Svijet

Natjecanja
 Od 29. srpnja do 14. kolovoza – XIV. Olimpijske igre – London 1948.

Svjetska natjecanja

Kontinentska natjecanja

Europska natjecanja

Osnivanja
 FC Dinamo Bukurešt, rumunjski nogometni klub
 NK Rudar Velenje, slovenski nogometni klub

Rekordi

Nagrade

Ostali događaji

Rođenja

Smrti

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Natjecanja

Timski športovi

Pojedinačni športovi

Osnivanja
 NK Široki Brijeg, bosanskohercegovački nogometni klub
 NK Istra 1961, hrvatski nogometni klub
 NK Pazinka Pazin, hrvatski nogometni klub

Rekordi

Nagrade

Ostali događaji
 19. listopada – Hrvatski rukometni savez nakon rata obnovio rad.

Rođenja

Smrti

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Šport u 1948.


Tekbir, Arapça Allahu ekber (الله أكبر) şeklinde ifade edilen İslamî kavram. Allah'ın her şeyden üstün, yüce ve ulu olduğunu ifade eder.

Kullanıldığı yerler

Tekbir İslam dininde şu ibadetlerde ve eylemlerde kullanılır:

 Ezan
 Kamet
 Namaz
 Bayram namazı
 Cenaze namazı
 Namaza başlarken
 Namazın rükünlerinde
 Namaz bitiminde tesbihte
 Vitr namazında kunuttan önce
 Bayram hutbesi sırasında
 Kurban keserken
 Mehter marşları
 Tasavvuf
 Sünnet töreni
 Nikâh
 Savaş

Teşrik tekbiri
Teşrik tekbiri, Kurban Bayramı Arefe günü sabah namazından, dördüncü günün ikindi namazının sonuna kadar farz namazların ardından söylenir. Teşrik tekbiri sesli olarak yapılır ve segah tekbirdir. Cemaatle kılınan namazlarda müezzin yüksek sesle, yalnız kılınan namazlarda ise kişi kendi duyabilceği alçak ses ile bu tekbiri getirir. Segâh makamındaki tekbiri Buhurizade Mustafa Çelebi (Itri) bestelemiştir:

Allahu ekber, Allahu ekber
La ilahe illallahu vallahu ekber
Allahu ekber ve lillahil hamd

Sanat

Tekbir İslami sanatlarda, özellikle kaligrafik yazımlarda sıkça yer bulur. Sancaklar Camii minaresi buna bir örnek olarak gösterilebilir.

Dış bağlantılar
 Segâh Tekbîr, Salât-ı Ümmiyye ve Mustafa Itrî Efendi

Kaynakça

İslam taslakları
Arapça deyişler
İslam terimleri

Tekbir


Pavel Alehavitch Mialeshka (en ), né le , est un athlète biélorusse spécialiste du lancer du javelot.

Biographie
Il se classe troisième des championnats d'Europe juniors 2011 à Tallinn.

Il est éliminé au stade des qualifications lors des championnats du monde 2017 et 2019.

Troisième de la Coupe d'Europe des lancers 2021 derrière l'Allemand Johannes Vetter et le Roumain Andrian Mardare, il participe aux Jeux olympiques de Tokyo où il se classe  de la finale avec un meilleur lancer mesuré à .

Il est sacré champion de Biélorussie en 2013, 2017 et 2019.

Palmarès

Records

Notes et références

Liens externes

Lanceur de javelot biélorusse
Athlète (homme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020
Naissance en novembre 1992

Pavel Mialeshka


The Weatherman's Dumb Stupid Come-Out Line was the third volume in the Over the Edge series, which distills the best material from Negativland's radio program Over the Edge, broadcast on KPFA.  This album was edited together from several different broadcasts recorded between 1982 and 1984.

Originally released in 1990 by SST Records on cassette only, it was re-released on August 11, 1998, by Negativland's own label, Seeland Records, as a CD with a booklet (Dad, A Bag is Coming: The Weatherman's Dumb Stupid Dictionary, as told to Peter Diddle) and additional printed matter.

Track listing
"One Of Them"
The Weatherman declares that he is homosexual and exhorts gay listeners to come out on the air. Sound clips from films, songs including Jim Stafford's "My Girl Bill", the 1971 film Little Murders, anti-gay sermons and stand-up comedy with gay themes are heard in the background.
"The Clorox Cowboy"
Using his "Crystal Microphone" and accompanied by Todd Rundgren's song "International Feel", the Weatherman identifies himself as the "Clorox Cowboy" and gives advice about cleaning and electronic repair, with particular focus on doorbell transformers. Samples include Curtis Hoard's "Centipede" and Ennio Morricone's "Humanity".

Personnel
David Wills
Richard Lyons
Don Joyce
Mark Hosler
Chris Grigg
Ian Allen

References

Negativland albums
1990 compilation albums
SST Records compilation albums
Seeland Records compilation albums

Over the Edge Vol. 3: The Weatherman's Dumb Stupid Come-Out Line


بير إيفيند سفينهوفود (15 ديسمبر 1861 - 29 فبراير 1944) (Pehr Evind Svinhufvud) رئيس فنلندا الثالث بين عامي (1931-1937). كان محاميا وقاضيا وسياسيا في دوقية فنلندا الكبرى، ولعب دورا هاما في حركة استقلال فنلندا. وكان أول رئيس للدولة بصفته أولا رئيسا لمجلس الشيوخ، ثم لاحقا بصفته حاميا للدولة أو حاكما لها. كما شغل منصب رئيس الوزراء في عامي (1917-1918) و (1930-1931) ورئيس البرلمان (1907-1912) ورئيس مجلس الشيوخ (1917-1918) وحاكم فلندا (1918-1919) . كان سفينهوفود محافظا ومعارضا بشدة للشيوعية ولليسار عموما، لكنه لم يكن يحظى بشعبية كبيرة.

رئيس الوزراء والرئيس
لم يكن سفينهوفود مؤيداً للنظام البرلماني، أو بعبارة أخرى، كان يعتقد بأن للرئيس الحق في اختيار وزراء الحكومة بعد استشارة الأحزاب البرلمانية. يدل على هذا التوجه شبه الرئاسي حكومة تويفو ميكايل كيفيماكي الأقلية، والتي استمرت 3 سنوات و 10 أشهر (من ديسمبر 1932 إلى أكتوبر 1936). ساندها سفينهوفود بشدة، لاعتقاده بفعاليتها بمواجهة الكساد العظيم (وهو ما فعلته بصفة عامة)، واعتقد أن لكيفيماكي شخصية قوية مثله، وربما لأنه كان يأمل بأن يـُـقبي الزراعيون وحزب الشعب السويدي حكومة كيفيماكي قائمة باعتباره أهون الشرين، كون الشر الأكبر حكومة زراعية-اشتراكية.

انظر أيضا
قائمة رؤساء فنلندا

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص من فالكياكوسكي
أعضاء برلمان فنلندا (1911–13)
أعضاء برلمان فنلندا (1913–16)
أعضاء برلمان فنلندا (1916–17)
أعضاء برلمان فنلندا (1930–33)
أعضاء برلمان في فنلندا (1907–08)
أعضاء برلمان في فنلندا (1908–09)
أعضاء برلمان في فنلندا (1909–10)
أعضاء برلمان في فنلندا (1910–11)
أوصياء على العرش
الصلبان الكبرى لوسام الصليب الحرية
خريجو جامعة هلسنكي
رؤساء برلمان في فنلندا
رؤساء فنلندا
رؤساء وزراء فنلندا
سياسيو حزب الائتلاف الوطني
فنلنديون في القرن 19
فنلنديون من أصل سويدي
فنلنديون ناطقون بالسويدية
لوثريون فنلنديون
مواليد 1861
ناشطو استقلال
نبلاء فنلنديون
نبلاء فنلنديون في القرن 19
نبلاء فنلنديون في القرن 20
وفيات 1944

بير إفيند سفينهوفد


La ZA-100 es una carretera autonómica perteneciente a la Red Complementaria Preferente de carreteras de la Junta de Castilla y León. El inicio de esta carretera está en el punto kilométrico 233,350 de la carretera N-630, a la altura de Santovenia, y acaba en carretera N-631, en la localidad de Tábara. La longitud de esta carretera es de 36,7 km aproximadamente.

La carretera consta de una sola calzada, con un carril para cada sentido de circulación y tiene un ancho de plataforma de 7 metros. Su limitación de velocidad es de 90 km/h, al igual que el resto de carreteras autonómicas.

Nomenclatura
Hasta 2002, la ZA-100 estaba integrada por cuatro carreteras que tenían diferente denominación a la actual:
  , que corresponde con el tramo de Santovenia a Bretó.
  , que corresponde con el tramo de Bretocino a ZA-P-1512.
  , que corresponde con el tramo de la ZA-P-1512 a Morales de Valverde.
  , que corresponde con el tramo de Morales de Valverde a Tábara.

El tramo de Bretó a Bretocino es de nueva construcción: no existía anteriormente conexión entre ambas localidades, lo cual se solventó con la construcción del Puente Antonio Prieto Fernández.

Localidades de paso
 Bretó
 Bretocino
 Olmillos de Valverde
 Burganes de Valverde
 Mózar
 Navianos de Valverde
 Villaveza de Valverde
 Morales de Valverde
 Pueblica de Valverde

Tramos

Situación actual

Actuaciones previstas en el Plan Regional Sectorial de Carreteras 2008-2020 de la Junta de Castilla y León

Trazado

La carretera ZA-100 comienza en el punto kilométrico 233,350 de la N-630 en las cercanías de Santovenia. Desde aquí, la carretera circunvala por el suroeste la localidad y, posteriormente, circunvala Bretó por el norte. Tras pasar esta localidad, la carretera atraviesa el Río Esla mediante el Puente Antonio Prieto Fernández para acabar llegando a la localidad de Bretocino. Kilómetro y medio después la carretera atraviesa la localidad de Olmillos de Valverde y, tras esta, la carretera circunvala Burganes de Valverde por el este. En el kilómetro 11,200, la carretera enlaza con Friera de Valverde, en las cercanías del puente sobre el Río Castrón. Más al norte, la carretera llega al cruce con la ZA-P-1512, que une la ZA-100 con Mózar y Santa Cristina de la Polvorosa.

Desde aquí, la ZA-100 circunvala por el sur Navianos de Valverde, atraviesa de nuevo el Río Castrón y circunvala por el norte Villaveza de Valverde. En el kilómetro 21,400, se sitúa el cruce con la ZA-P-1509 y 1,5 kilómetros después, atraviesa la localidad de Pueblica de Valverde. Entre esta localidad y Tábara, se sitúan diversos tramos de curvas peligrosas, ya que la carretera atraviesa las estribaciones de la Sierra de la Culebra. Una vez atravesada, la ZA-100 llega a Tábara y enlaza finalmente con la N-631, que une Zamora con Puebla de Sanabria; la ZA-P-2434, que enlaza con Riofrío de Aliste, y la ZA-902, que une Tábara con Fonfría.

Cruces

Tramo Santovenia - Mózar (  )

Tramo Mózar (  ) - Tábara

Referencias

Véase también
 Anexo:Red de Carreteras de Castilla y León
 ZA-P-1512
 ZA-P-1509

Carreteras autonómicas de la red complementaria preferente de Castilla y León
Red de carreteras autonómicas de la provincia de Zamora

ZA-100


ثورة نوفمبر قد تشير إلى:
 ثورة نوفمبر (1918-1919) أو الثورة الألمانية في عام 1918
 ثورة نوفمبر (1830)، ثورة قامت ضد الإمبراطورية الروسية
 ثورة نوفمبر 1954، المعروفة باسم الثورة الجزائرية

ثورة نوفمبر (توضيح)


Bochum-Laer, Almanya'nın batısında Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya eyaleti Bochum kentine bağlı bölge. 4,45 yüzölçüme sahiptir. Toplam 55.099 nüfusa sahip olan Bochum-Ost idari merkezine bağlıdır. Nüfusu 31.10.2006 itibarıyla yaklaşık 6.339 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bochum-Laer bölgesinde kadınların payı yüzde 51,4, yabancı oranı ise yüzde 9,7 olarak saptanmıştır.

Bochum

Bochum-Laer


O ataque de Inata foi um episódio da insurreição jihadista no Burquina Fasso que ocorreu em 14 de novembro de 2021 em Inata, no oeste da província de Soum. Provocou a morte de várias dezenas de membros da gendarmaria burquinense.

Contexto
Em novembro de 2021, Inata, na província de Soum, no norte de Burkina Faso, é a única posição ainda ocupada pelo governo burquinense na região de Djibo. Localiza-se na zona de ação do Grupo de Apoio ao Islã e aos Muçulmanos (GSIM), afiliado à al-Qaeda, que antes havia expulsado o Estado Islâmico do Grande Saara. A região é tão perigosa que a guarnição de Djibo se recusa a socorrer os homens de Inata, exceto por helicóptero.

Segundo o jornalista Wassim Nasr, as condições de vida dos gendarmes em Inata são deploráveis. A base militar está sitiada por jihadistas que visam seus suprimentos, tanto que os gendarmes não têm mais reservas de alimentos e são obrigados a caçar para se alimentar.

Em 12 de novembro, o comandante da guarnição alertou o Estado Maior, declarando que "há duas semanas, o destacamento se alimenta graças ao abate de animais" e solicitou autorização para abandonar a posição. Os gendarmes que deveriam substituí-los recusam-se a ir para o front sem apoio aéreo e blindado, o que o comando militar não lhes concede.

Forças presentes
A RFI indica que, segundo fontes locais, o posto de Inata era defendido por 100 a 150 gendarmes. A AFP menciona cerca de 150 homens e o Le Monde 120. O ataque foi realizado pelo Grupo de Apoio ao Islã e aos Muçulmanos, bem como por combatentes do Ansarul Islam, segundo fontes de segurança do jornal Le Monde.

Quanto aos jihadistas, a AFP informou inicialmente, segundo uma fonte de segurança, "um grande número de indivíduos armados" circulando "a bordo de várias picapes e motocicletas". Poucos dias após o ataque, evoca mais de 300 combatentes em picapes e motocicletas, segundo várias fontes militares.

Desenvolvimento
Em 14 de novembro de 2021, por volta das 5h30, os jihadistas lançaram o ataque contra o destacamento da gendarmaria de Inata, localizado próximo a uma antiga mina.. Os combates são intensos, porém os gendarmes são rapidamente subjugados pelos atacantes. Vários deles são abatidos ao tentar fugir. Os jihadistas então incendiaram as instalações do campo, depois bateram em retirada.

Baixas
O primeiro balanço, dado no dia seguinte ao ataque, registrou pelo menos 20 mortos, mas isso foi posteriormente revisado para cima várias vezes pelo governo burquinense.

Em 17 de novembro, o ministro das Comunicações e porta-voz do governo, Ousséni Tamboura, declarou durante um conselho de ministros que a contagem de mortos do ataque era de 49 gendarmes e 4 civis mortos, e que 46 gendarmes foram encontrados vivos. Em 22 de novembro, o número de baixas do Ministério das Comunicações subiu para 57 mortos, incluindo 53 gendarmes. Segundo o Le Monde, 20 militares ainda estavam desaparecidos à data de 8 de dezembro. Este foi, até então, o ataque mais mortífero contra as forças de defesa e de segurança burquinenses desde o início da insurreição jihadista em 2015.

Um vídeo não oficial foi difundido por uma unidade que reivindica ser do GSIM, onde várias dezenas de jihadistas são vistos participando do ataque à base militar com metralhadoras pesadas 14,5x2  imbricadas em caminhonetes.

Os jihadistas reivindicaram a morte de cerca de sessenta gendarmes e a captura de um significativo espólio de guerra, incluindo mais de 86 fuzis de assalto AK, cinco RPGs e várias metralhadoras ligeiras. A base militar foi totalmente destruída.

Insurreição jihadista no Burquina Fasso
2021 em Burquina Fasso
Conflitos em 2021

Ataque em Inata em 2021


Los extrusores de doble husillo se utilizan, dentro del ámbito industrial y científico, generalmente para extruir polímeros, alimentos y metales, entre otros. Se utilizan en operaciones de procesamiento que requieren de fundir, mezclar, eliminar gases, llevar a cabo reacciones de polimerización y cocción, ya sea para producir gránulos (o pellets en inglés) o para hacer perfiles. Además, se utilizan para evaporar los restos de monómeros y solventes procedentes de la reacción de polimerización.

La diferencia de estos extrusores y los de un solo husillo es que cada husillo está conformado por elementos intercambiables, es decir, se pueden colocar elementos de transporte y/o mezclado en diferentes posiciones a lo largo de cada husillo (en el extrusor tradicional, el husillo está hecho de una sola pieza o máximo dos). El flujo generado en un doble husillo que engrana y es contra rotativo genera un flujo en forma de C el cual tiene las características de un bombeo positivo, disminuyendo drásticamente la influencia de la viscosidad del material para su transporte y generando un bombeo muy eficiente. Las desventajas de este proceso es que los husillos son empujados por el material hacia las paredes del cañón, lo que evita el huso de altas velocidades; también existe el problema del mezclado ineficiente, mientras más rápido se transporta el material, menos eficiente es el mezclado.

Historia
El origen del extrusor de doble husillo se remonta a 1869, donde una patente de los Estados Unidos reporta una máquina llamada malaxator. En 1901 wunsche construye en Berlín (Alemania) el primer extrusor de doble husillo corotativo auto-limpiante (alemán: selbstreinigende). Los primeros intentos de construir extrusores de doble husillo fueron construidos en Alemania, en la fábrica BASF a principios del , desde entonces han ido evolucionando y han sido mejorados.

Tipos

Existen diferentes extrusores:

Corrotativos
Que engranan
Este tipo de extrusor es el más popular dentro de los extrusores de doble husillo porque tienen la característica de que los husillos se limpian mutuamente.
Extrusores evaporadores

Que no engranan
Este tipo de husillo sirve para comprimir los materiales, pues puede incrementar la presión considerablemente.

Contrarotativos

Que no engranan
 Generalmente se les conoce como mezcladores, pues sirven para mezclar diferentes componentes o mezclar los polímeros con aditivos, tales como pigmentos.

En los husillos que si engranan y son corrotativos, el flujo tiene mayor dependencia en la viscosidad del material, aunque mucho menor que en los extrusores de un solo husillo. En este tipo de arreglo los husillos no son empujados hacia la pared del cañón, por ello se permiten altas velocidades, además el material pasa de un husillo a otro logrando un flujo alternante que ayuda a una mezcla más homogénea.

Elementos
De acuerdo con su función, los principales elementos son:

 Transporte de pellets
 Transporte y compactación de pellets
 Fundido de polímero
 Excéntricos
 De 1 o dos pasos
 Mezcladores con dientes
 bloques mezcladores
 Discos de mezclado
 Elementos de transporte y discos de mezclado de flujo inverso.

Álabes
Un extrusor co o contrarotativo puede tener uno, dos o tres álabes (también llamados cuerdas o hilos). Los cuales indican el paso del husillo.

Dirección
La dirección de los álabes puede ser derecha o izquierda y esto promueve el desplazamiento del polímero en dirección al dado y aumenta la presión (derecha) o disminuye la presión y frena el desplazamiento (izquierda).

Reología
Debido a que los extrusores de doble husillo se utilizan tanto para homogeneizar, como para mezclar, distribuir y evaporar, es su análisis reológico extremadamente complicado. Los modelos réológicos que más se utilizan son los que ayudan a realizar un análisis simple.

Carreau
El modelo de Carreau es el modelo simple y original que sirve para describir el comportamiento reológico bajo diferentes esfuerzos cortantes. Funciona bien para algunos polímeros, especialmente amorfos lineares.

Una versión muy popular es:

Carreau-Yasuda
El modelo de Carreau-Yasuda es muy útil para modelar el comportamiento reológico de un polímero a temperatura constante bajo diferentes valores de flujo cortante.

Una versión muy popular es:

donde
  la viscosidad real (o corregida) [Pa s]
  La viscosidad a velocidad de corte  = 0 (Zero-shear viscosity, en inglés) [Pa s]
  Frecuencia [s^{-1}]
  constante de tiempo para este fluido. Determina cuando ocurre el cambio de comportamiento a mayores tazas de corte
  Exponente de la región de transición entre cero-corte y ley de la potencia
  Describe la pendiente a altas tazas de corte

El modelo de Carreau-Yasuda muestra en general muy buenos resultados cuando se han correlacionado valores de polímeros tales como PMMA, PP y PC.

Ya que el flujo cortante dentro en un extrusor cambia según las revoluciones por minuto de los husillos y la geometría de los elementos, un estudio de cada caso particular es por lo general extremadamente complicado.

Carreau-Yasuda-WLF

La ecuación de Carreau-Yasuda-WLF integra un factor de temperatura, el cual es muy importante para hacer curvas maestras y obtener ecuaciones de comportamiento reológico a cualquier temperatura válida.

Donde  es el factor de desplazamiento con respecto a la temperatura.

Campo de aplicación

 Procesamiento de plástico
 Compounding
 Extrusión reactiva
 Reciclaje

Fabricantes
Los fabricantes de extrusores de doble husillo más importantes en Europa son:

 FEDDEM

 Davis-Standard
 Berstorff
 Coperion
 Leistritz Group
 Krauss-Maffei
 Clextral
 Theysohn EKS
 MAS

Referencias
 J.L. White: Twin Screw Extrusion. Technology and Principles. Carl Hanser Verlag, München 1990

Ingeniería de polímeros

Extrusor de doble husillo


Örme, ipliklerin tek başına ya da topluca çözgüler halinde örücü iğne ve yardımcı elemanlar vasıtasıyla ilmekler haline getirilmesi, bunlar arasında da yan yana boylanmasına bağlantılar oluşturulması ile bir tekstil yüzeyi elde edilmesi işlemidir.

Örmecilik
Örme kumaşlar, kullanılan iplik özellikleri, uygulama yapılan makine özellikleri olarak diğer kumaş elde etmek yöntemlerine ve malzemelerine göre farklıdır. Örmecilikte elde edilen kumaşlarda diğer tekstil yüzeylerine göre boyut stabilitesi yönünden daha esnek, daha elastik, daha yumuşak ve daha dolgun bir yapı gösterirler.

Örme teknolojisi
 Çözgülü örme
 Düz kulier örme
 Düz örme (triko)
 Kroşet çözgülü örme
 Raşel çözgülü örme
 Tek iplikli (atkı yönlü) örme
 Tek tek iğne hareketli atkı yönlü örme
 Topluca iğne hareketli atkı yönlü örme
 Trikot çözgülü örme
 Yuvarlak kulier örme
 Yuvarlak örme

Örme kumaş çeşitleri
 Süprem
 İkiiplik ve Üçiplik
 İnterlok
 Ribana
 Selanik
 Doubleface
 Jakarlı interlok
 Jakarlı süprem
 Ottoman

Kaynakça

Tekstil terimleri
Tekstil üretim teknikleri

Örme


Eugénie Brazier (12. juni 18952. marts 1977 i Sainte-Foy-les-Lyons) var en fransk kok og den første kvinde til at opnå tre Michelinstjerner, i 1933.
Hun blev født på en gård i La Trancliere, Frankrig i 1895. Som 10-årig arbejdede hun i markerne efter hendes mor døde. Som 19-årig flyttede hun til Lyon hvor hun arbejdede som huspige, men senere arbejdede på restauranten La Mère Fillioux. Hun åbnede sin egen restaurant La Mère Brazier som 26-årig, som opnåede 3 Michelinstjerner i 1933. Senere opnåede hun igen 3 Michelinstjerner på sin anden restaurant, Col de la Luere. Hendes Michelinstjernerekord blev først indhentet af Alain Ducasse i 1998 da han fik tildelt 3 stjerner for anden gang.

Referencer

Kokke fra Frankrig

Eugénie Brazier


Doğanca, Kırklareli ilinin Vize ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1909'dan beri aynı adı taşımaktadır.

Coğrafya
Köy, Kırklareli il merkezine 61 km, Vize ilçe merkezine 15 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Vize belde ve köyleri

Doğanca, Vize


U sezoni 2020./21. NK Osijek natjecao se u Prvoj HNL, Hrvatskom kupu i Europskoj ligi.

Momčad

Natjecanja

Utakmice

Prijateljske

Prva HNL

Hrvatski kup

UEFA Europska liga

Statistika igrača
ažurirano: 22. svibnja 2021.

Strijelci

Vratari po broju utakmica bez primljenog pogotka

Kartoni

Nastupi i pogodci

Transferi

Dolasci

Odlasci

Dolasci na posudbu

Odlasci na posudbu

Povezani članci
 NK Osijek II 2020./21.

Izvori i bilješke

2020-21

NK Osijek 2020./21.


بهمن نامه ملحمة فارسية بطلها الملك بهمن بن اسفنديار. في الشاهنامه رستم قتل اسفنديار الذي أكره على محاربته. وهذه القصة في معظم حوادثها تصف انتقام بهمن لأبيه اسفنديار من أسرة رستم، ومطاردة أبطالها في الهند وغيرها ثم نبش مقابرهم في سيستان. وأبياتها تقدر بالآلاف وقد كتبت للسلطان محمود بن ملكشاه السلجوقي الذي ملك سنة 498 هـ.

قصص بهمن نامه
وست (6) من هذه القصص تدور حول أبطال من أسرة رستم، بينما القصة السابعة معظم حوادثها متصل بهذه الأسرة. ولو عرف شئ عن أصحاب هذه القصص لأمكننا أن نعرف فيما إذا كان لتعصب أهل إيران الشرقية لأسرة الأبطال الزابلية- أسرة رستم دور وأثر في الإكثار من هذه القصص. فالقصة السابعة كتبت لتعضيم الملوك الكيانيين، والحط من أسرة رستم، والانتقام لاسفنديار بطل الدين الزردشتي.

مصادر

أدب فارسي
قصائد سردية
قصائد فارسية
قصائد ملحمية في الفارسية
ملاحم
أساطير فارسية

بهمن نامه


Ian Vine (born 3 January 1974 in Portsmouth, England) is a British composer.  Vine spent his formative years in Libya and Hong Kong. He studied composition at the Royal Northern College of Music with Anthony Gilbert (b. 1934, UK) and privately with Simon Holt (b. 1958, UK).

One can detect traces of Near and Far Eastern modalities as well as gestural and formal elements in his music.  SIRI (1997), a frequently performed tour-de-force for solo percussion with electronics, uses a rhythmic and structural language found in the highly ritualised percussion music of Japan and Korea.

Although much of his work tends toward longer time frames, some of his pieces are very short.  Conversely, the pieces sound as if they are longer.  writing on water (1999-), commissioned by Matthew Herbert and released on the Accidental label, is an expanding collection of short (sometimes only 20 seconds long) works using recorded acoustic instruments;  and shadow grounds (1999), commissioned by the Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival for the ensemble recherche as part of their In Nomine Broken Consort Book, a three-minute non-miniature of suspended sound.

His three black moons (1999), commissioned by the London Sinfonietta, was described by The Guardian, '...the most striking piece takes its title from an Alexander Calder mobile - its magical floating sonorities had a Feldmanesque beauty.'  Ian Vine is described as 'one of the most striking new voices to have come to light' (The Guardian), his music is performed across Europe and has been broadcast worldwide.

Ian Vine is the artistic director of new music ensemble Radius.

Key works
 white river sand (2002) - large ensemble
 espinas (1999) - large ensemble
 siri (1997) and siri2 (2000) - for solo percussion and percussion quartet respectively

Recordings
 forty works for Richard, self-released, not on label (2011)
 held/always/immer/gehalten, self-released, not on label (2012)
 frieze/static form/division, self-released, not on label (2014)
 forty objects/forty-five objects, self-released, not on label (2015)
 interstices, self-released, not on label (2015)
 copies I-V, self-released, not on label (2016)

works appear on
 writing on water (2000), on You Are Here, Accidental Records (2003)
 shadow grounds (1999), The Witten In Nomine Broken Consort Book, ensemble recherche, Kairos (2004)
 ocre oscuro (2007), on Jerwood Series 5, London Sinfonietta Label (2009)

External links

 Ian Vine nmcrec.co.uk
 AMN Reviews: Ian Vine – held/always/immer/gehalten avantmusicnews.com 30 July 2013
 Clements, Andrew: Radius The Guardian 2008

1974 births
Living people
Musicians from Portsmouth
20th-century classical composers
21st-century classical composers
English classical composers
English male classical composers
20th-century English composers
20th-century British male musicians
21st-century English composers
21st-century British male musicians

Ian Vine


Raven Klaasen (født 16. oktober 1982) er en sydafrikansk professionel tennisspiller. Han spiller primært double og har nået store resultater i særligt herredouble. Således har han været i finalen i Australian Open i 2014 samt i Wimbledon i 2018. Han var også i finalen i sæsonfinalen i 2016. I alt er det blevet til 14 ATP-titler i double for Klaasen. Hans bedste placering på ATP-listen i double er en niendeplads, som han nåede 11. juni 2016, mens hans bedste placering i single er nr. 208, nået 24. oktober 2011.

Eksterne henvisninger

Tennisspillere fra Sydafrika

Raven Klaasen


An Sasa hayatae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Tomitaro Makino. An Sasa hayatae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Sasa, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Sasa

Sasa hayatae


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N-Methyl-D-aspartatsyre eller ''N''-Methyl-D-aspartat (NMDA) er et aminosyrederivat der agerer en specifik agonist på NMDA-receptoren, og gengiver glutamats handlingsmønster, den neurotransmitter der normalt agerer ved receptoren. I modsætning til glutamat, binder regulerer NMDA sig kun til NMDA, og har ingen effekt på andre glutamatreceptorer (såsom dem for AMPA og kainat). NMDA-receptorer er specielt vigtigt når de bliver overaktive ved frigørelse fra alkohol, da det skaber symptomer såsom agitation og, nogle gange, epileptiskagtige anfald.

Noter

Kemi

N-Methyl-D-aspartatsyre