HMS Revenge was the lead ship of five  super-dreadnought battleships built for the Royal Navy during the First World War in the mid-1910s. The ships were developments of the s, with reductions in size and speed to offset increases in armour protection whilst retaining the same main battery of eight  guns. She was laid down in 1913, launched in 1915 and commissioned in February 1916, early enough to be worked up to see action with the Grand Fleet at the Battle of Jutland in May that year. During the engagement, she engaged German battlecruisers, damaging two of them before being forced to turn away to avoid torpedoes that damaged her squadron flagship and caused the squadron to lose contact with the rest of the fleet. Revenge emerged from the battle unscathed, but she saw no further action during the war, as the British and German fleets turned to more cautious strategies owing to the risk of submarines and naval mines.

During the 1920s and 1930s, Revenge alternated between the Atlantic Fleet and the Mediterranean Fleet. Whilst serving in the Mediterranean in the early 1920s, the ship went to Turkey twice in response to crises arising from the Greco-Turkish War, including the Great Fire of Smyrna in 1922. The ship's interwar career was otherwise uneventful. With the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, Revenge was used to escort convoys and transport significant quantities of the country's gold reserves to Canada as part of Operation Fish; these activities continued into 1940. She was involved in the seizure of French warships in Portsmouth after the French surrender in July 1940.

In October 1940, she conducted Operation Medium, an attack on German transport ships that had been collected along the English Channel in preparation for the later-cancelled invasion of Britain. Revenge thereafter resumed convoy escort duties until October 1941, when she was reassigned to the 3rd Battle Squadron and sent to the Far East as tensions with Japan began to rise. British naval forces were strengthened further after the start of the Pacific War in December, leading to the creation of the Eastern Fleet. Revenge and her sister ships were deemed too old to be of use against the Japanese fleet, so they were relegated to convoy escort duties in the Indian Ocean. Badly worn out by 1943, Revenge returned home, where she was removed from front-line service. Her last voyage was to carry Prime Minister Winston Churchill to the Tehran Conference in November 1943. Upon returning, she was assigned to the training establishment , disarmed and eventually broken up in 1948.

Design and description

The Revenge-class ships were designed as slightly smaller, slower, and more heavily protected versions of the preceding s. As an economy measure they were intended to revert to the previous practice of using both fuel oil and coal, but First Sea Lord Jackie Fisher rescinded the decision for coal in October 1914. Still under construction, the ships were redesigned to employ oil-fired boilers that increased the power of the engines by  over the original specification.

Revenge had a length overall of , a beam of  and a deep draught of . She had a displacement of  and displaced  at deep load. She was powered by two sets of Parsons steam turbines, each driving two shafts, using steam provided by eighteen Babcock & Wilcox boilers. The turbines were rated at  and intended to reach a maximum speed of , although the ship only reached a top speed of  from  during her sea trials on 24 March 1916. She had a range of  at a cruising speed of . Her crew numbered 940 officers and ratings in 1917. Her metacentric height was  at deep load.

The Revenge class was equipped with eight breech-loading (BL)  Mk I guns in four twin gun turrets, in two superfiring pairs fore and aft of the superstructure, designated 'A', 'B', 'X', and 'Y' from front to rear. Twelve of the fourteen BL  Mk XII guns were mounted in casemates along the broadside of the vessel amidships; the remaining pair were mounted on the shelter deck and were protected by gun shields. The ship also mounted four 3-pounder () guns. Her anti-aircraft (AA) armament consisted of two quick-firing (QF)  20 cwt Mk I guns. She was fitted with four submerged  torpedo tubes, two on each broadside.

Revenge was completed with two fire-control directors fitted with  rangefinders. One was mounted above the conning tower, protected by an armoured hood, and the other was in the spotting top above the tripod foremast. Each turret was also fitted with a 15-foot rangefinder. The main armament could be controlled by 'X' turret as well. The secondary armament was primarily controlled by directors mounted on each side of the compass platform on the foremast once they were fitted in March 1917. A torpedo-control director with a 15-foot rangefinder was mounted at the aft end of the superstructure.

The ship's waterline belt consisted of Krupp cemented armour (KC) that was  thick between 'A' and 'Y' barbettes and thinned to 4 to 6 inches (102 to 152 mm) towards the ship's ends, but did not reach either the bow or the stern. Above this was a strake of armour 6 inches thick that extended between 'A' and 'X' barbettes. Transverse bulkheads 4 to 6 inches thick ran at an angle from the ends of the thickest part of the waterline belt to 'A' and 'Y' barbettes. The gun turrets were protected by  of KC armour, except for the turret roofs which were  thick. The barbettes ranged in thickness from  above the upper deck, but were only 4 to 6 inches thick below it. The Revenge-class ships had multiple armoured decks that ranged from  in thickness. The main conning tower had 11 inches of armour on the sides with a 3-inch roof. The torpedo director in the rear superstructure had 6 inches of armour protecting it. After the Battle of Jutland, 1 inch of high-tensile steel was added to the main deck over the magazines and additional anti-flash equipment was added in the magazines.

The ship was fitted with flying-off platforms mounted on the roofs of 'B' and 'X' turrets in 1918, from which fighters and reconnaissance aircraft could launch. During the 1928 refit the platform was removed from 'X' turret. The platform on 'B' turret was removed in 1933.

Major alterations

Revenge was fitted with anti-torpedo bulges between October 1917 and February 1918. They were designed to reduce the effect of torpedo detonations and improve stability. They increased her beam by over 13 feet (4 m) to , her displacement to  and reduced her draught to , all at deep load. They increased her metacentric height to . Later in 1918,  rangefinders were fitted in 'B' and 'X' turrets. In 1919 her complement was 1,240 officers and ratings.

The gun shields for the shelter-deck six-inch guns were replaced by armoured casemates in 1922. Two years later, her anti-aircraft defences were upgraded by replacing the original three-inch AA guns with a pair of QF  AA guns. During the ship's 1928–1929 refit, two more four-inch AA guns were added and the six-inch guns from the shelter deck were removed. In addition a High-Angle Control System (HACS) Mk I director was installed on the spotting top. In 1931 one octuple mount for two-pounder Mk VIII "pom-pom" guns was added abreast the funnel (only on the starboard side) for trials. Its director was added abreast and below the fire-control director in the spotting top. The aft torpedo tubes were also removed at that time. The ship's 1936–1937 refit saw the removal of the torpedo director and its associated rangefinder. Two years later, Revenges anti-aircraft defences were strengthened by replacing the single mounts of the AA guns with twin mounts and adding the portside octuple two-pounder "pom-pom" mount and its director. A HACS Mk III director replaced the Mk I on the roof of the spotting top and another was added in the position formerly occupied by the torpedo director. A pair of quadruple mounts for Vickers .50 machine guns were added abreast the conning tower. The forward torpedo tubes were also removed at that time.

Wartime modifications for the Revenge-class ships were fairly minimal. Revenge was fitted with a Type 279 early-warning radar in 1941. The following year saw the addition of a Type 273 surface-search radar, a pair of Type 285 anti-aircraft gunnery sets and two Type 282 radars for the "pom-poms". Two four-barrel "pom-poms" were added in late 1941 atop 'B' and 'X' turrets as well as ten 20 mm Oerlikon guns that replaced the quadruple .50-caliber mounts. To save weight and make more room available for the additional crew required to man the new equipment like the radars and Oerlikons, four 6-inch guns were removed in 1943.

Construction and service

First World War

Revenge was laid down at the Vickers shipyard in Barrow-in-Furness on 22 December 1913. She was launched on 29 May 1915 and was commissioned into the Grand Fleet on 1 February 1916, though she was not completed and ready for service until 24 March, with the time between her commissioning and completion including a period of sea trials. The ship cost a total of £2,406,368. On entering service, Revenge was assigned to the 6th Division of the 1st Battle Squadron (BS), Grand Fleet, along with the battleships  (the divisional and squadron flagship), , and .

Battle of Jutland

In an attempt to lure out and destroy a portion of the Grand Fleet, the German High Seas Fleet with 16 dreadnoughts, six pre-dreadnoughts, six light cruisers and 31 torpedo boats commanded by Vice Admiral Reinhard Scheer, departed the Jade early on the morning of 31 May. The fleet sailed in concert with Rear Admiral Franz von Hipper's five battlecruisers and supporting cruisers and torpedo boats. The Royal Navy's Room 40 had intercepted and decrypted German radio traffic containing plans of the operation. The Admiralty ordered the Grand Fleet of 28 dreadnoughts and 9 battlecruisers, to sortie the night before to cut off and destroy the High Seas Fleet. On the day of the battle, Revenge and the rest of the 6th Division, 1st BS were stationed toward the rear of the British line.

The initial action was fought primarily by the British and German battlecruiser formations in the afternoon, but by 18:00, the Grand Fleet approached the scene. Fifteen minutes later, Jellicoe gave the order to turn and deploy the fleet for action. The transition from their cruising formation caused congestion with the rear divisions, forcing Revenge and many of the other ships to reduce speed to  to avoid colliding with each other. The German fleet quickly came into range and many British ships began to engage them starting at 18:17. The British ships initially had poor visibility and Revenge waited several minutes before opening fire at 18:22; her target during this period is unclear, and she may have engaged the crippled cruiser , the German battle line, or both. She fired intermittently for seventeen minutes and made no hits in the haze.

At 19:09, Revenge was forced to turn away to avoid a torpedo that was probably launched by the torpedo boat ; the torpedo passed harmlessly in her wake. Shortly thereafter, she engaged the battlecruiser ; her first salvo estimated the range to be , but overshot the target. Revenges gunlayers quickly brought the range down to  and straddled Derfflinger with their second salvo. With the range found, Revenge quickly scored five hits before shifting fire to the battlecruiser , since other battleships were concentrating their fire on Derfflinger. Two of her hits on Derfflinger disabled her aft turrets; the other three caused less significant damage, with one of them passing through a funnel without exploding. Revenge hit Von der Tann once near her aft conning tower at 19:19, doing minor damage; she also fired a torpedo at the ship during this period that failed to hit.

Revenge had to turn away again at 19:35 to avoid a pair of torpedoes; she and the other members of the division turned again at 19:42 after reports of a submarine, which proved to be imaginary. Revenge saw no further contact with German forces, in large part due to torpedo damage incurred by the squadron flagship, Marlborough, that forced the ship to slow significantly. At 01:56 on 1 June, Vice-Admiral Cecil Burney, the squadron commander aboard Marlborough, informed Revenge that the damage would force him to transfer to Revenge to allow Marlborough to return to port. He boarded the light cruiser , which carried him to Revenge shortly after 03:00. By 10:00, the 6th Division ships were still  to the north of the rest of the fleet. Revenge and the other two ships finally rejoined the fleet at 19:25 on the way back to Scapa Flow.

In the course of the battle, Revenge had fired 102 rounds from her main battery, all of which were of the armour-piercing, capped variety. She also fired 87 rounds from her secondary guns. She was not hit by any fire during the engagement.

Later operations

After the action of 19 August 1916, in which the Grand Fleet had lost two light cruisers to German U-boat attacks, Admiral John Jellicoe, the fleet commander, decided that the fleet should not be risked in such sorties unless the High Seas Fleet ventured north or the strategic situation warranted the risk. For its part, the German fleet remained in port or trained in the Baltic Sea through 1917, as both sides had largely abandoned the idea of a decisive surface battle in the North Sea. Both sides turned to positional warfare, laying fields of naval mines, and Germany resumed the unrestricted submarine warfare campaign early in the year. As a result, Revenge and the rest of the Grand Fleet saw no action during the last two years of the war.

In 1917, Britain began running regular convoys to Norway, escorted by light forces; the Germans raided these convoys twice late in the year, prompting Admiral David Beatty, who had replaced Jellicoe the previous year, to send battle squadrons of the Grand Fleet to escort the convoys. The High Seas Fleet went to sea on 23 April to attack one of the escorted convoys, but after the battlecruiser  suffered a serious mechanical accident the next day, the Germans were forced to break off the operation. Revenge and the rest of the Grand Fleet sortied on 24 April once they intercepted wireless signals from the damaged Moltke, but the Germans were too far ahead of the British, and no shots were fired.

On 21 November 1918, following the Armistice, the entire Grand Fleet left port to escort the surrendered German fleet into internment at Scapa Flow. At the time, Revenge was part of the 1st Battle Squadron, commanded by Vice-Admiral Sydney Fremantle, who made Revenge his flagship. The 1st BS was tasked with guarding the fleet while its fate was being determined at the peace treaty negotiations at the Versailles conference. After the Germans scuttled their fleet on 21 June 1919, Fremantle had the German commander, Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, brought aboard Revenge. Fremantle accused Reuter of violating the terms of the armistice and had him and the German officers taken into captivity as prisoners of war.

Inter-war years

Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Revenge typically operated with her sister ships, apart from periods where they were detached for refit or modernisation. In April 1919, the ships were transferred to the Atlantic Fleet, still as part of the 1st BS. They were then attached to the Mediterranean Fleet for operations in Turkey and the Black Sea as part of Britain's responses to the Greco-Turkish War and the Russian Civil War, respectively. On 19 July 1920, Revenge went to Panderma, where she encountered several vessels of the Greek Navy, including the armoured cruiser , which had King Alexander of Greece aboard. Alexander visited Revenge and met with Fremantle later that day. Over the next day, Revenge assisted with Greek landings at Sultanköy and Eregli.

In August 1920, the ships returned to the Atlantic Fleet. The 1st and 2nd Battle Squadrons merged in May 1921, with Revenge and her four sisters forming the 1st Division and the five Queen Elizabeth-class battleships forming the 2nd Division. Revenge and three of her sisters were again sent to the Mediterranean Fleet in September 1922 during a crisis in Smyrna that culminated in the Great fire of Smyrna as the Greco-Turkish War came to its conclusion. The ships primarily operated in the Dardanelles and the Sea of Marmora. With the war over by November, the ships were free to return once again to the Atlantic Fleet.

On 1 November 1924, the Atlantic Fleet underwent a reorganisation that saw the Queen Elizabeth-class ships sent to the Mediterranean Fleet and the ships of the 1st Division reconstituted as the 1st Battle Squadron. Revenge and her sisters were transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet in August 1927. From January 1928 to January 1929, Revenge underwent a refit that included extensive modifications to her secondary and anti-aircraft batteries, fire control equipment, and rebuilding her bridge and aft superstructure, among other changes. She had another refit from May to December 1931 that saw further alterations to her anti-aircraft battery and fire control equipment.

In early 1935, the Revenge and Queen Elizabeth classes again swapped places, though by this time, the Atlantic Fleet had been renamed the Home Fleet. On 16 July, the ships were present during the fleet review at Spithead for King George V's silver jubilee. From July 1936 to March 1937, Revenge had another modernisation, which included the removal of the torpedo rangefinder and supporting tower. She and her sisters were present for the Coronation Review for George VI on 20 May 1937. A final pre-war refit began in early 1939 and concluded in August, which included a considerably strengthening of the anti-aircraft battery. On 9 August 1939 she was present during a fleet review for the king at Portland.

Second World War

In the Atlantic
On 3 September 1939 at the start of hostilities, Revenge formed part of the Channel Fleet based at Portland. Shortly after the outbreak of the war, the merchant ship  was disguised as HMS Revenge to deceive German aircraft. On 1 October Revenge was ordered to prepare to take up convoy escort duties in the South Atlantic, because of the threat posed by the German "pocket battleship", ; however, on 5 October 1939, in a change of orders, she was attached to the North Atlantic Escort Force based at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Fulfilling another urgent need at the same time, Revenge and her sister  were to carry gold bullion to Canada, which was needed by the Anglo-French Purchasing Board in New York, to pay for arms bought from the United States. 148 boxes of gold bars, worth a total of £2 million, were loaded onto each battleship at Portland; they departed on 7 October and arrived in Halifax nine days later. After escorting several convoys, Revenge was again used to transport gold, this time to a value of £10 million, departing from Plymouth on 28 January 1940. On 7 February, she collided with the British tanker  whilst Convoy HX19 was forming up off Halifax; although lightly damaged, she continued as an escort, returning to Halifax on 18 February for repair.

On 12 May 1940, she accidentally rammed and sank the Canadian   which was acting as a boom defence vessel at Halifax, although without loss of life. For the remainder of her service in the war, whenever Revenge came to Halifax, the crews of other gate ships would make elaborate and exaggerated "Abandon Ship" manoeuvres in mockery. On 30 May, Revenge began to participate in Operation Fish, the removal of all of the United Kingdom's gold reserves to Canada, in case of invasion, leaving the River Clyde with £40 million worth of bullion on board, bound for Halifax. The battleship arrived at HM Dockyard, Devonport, on 22 June for a brief refit after escorting Convoy TC 5. On 3 July 1940, while at Plymouth, boarding parties from Revenge took control of the  and the large submarine-cruiser , in case their crews decided to return them to Vichy France where they might fall into the hands of the Germans. One sailor boarding Surcouf was killed during the operation. On the following day, Revenge resumed ferrying gold, this time with a cargo worth £47 million, repeating this on 11 August with £14.5 million from Greenock.

On 15 September, Revenge arrived in Plymouth where she came under the control of Western Approaches Command, in case of an invasion. If the German amphibious landing, codenamed Operation Sealion, had gone ahead as planned, Revenge would have been the only British capital ship in the English Channel area. Unknown to the British high command, Adolf Hitler had ordered that the invasion be postponed indefinitely on 17 September; however in the early hours of 11 October, Revenge formed the main element of Operation Medium, which aimed to bombard invasion transport ships and barges that were still concentrated in the French port of Cherbourg. Revenge, six destroyers and a screen of motor gun boats formed the striking force, while a covering force of three cruisers and six destroyers patrolled to prevent German naval forces from interfering. There was a simultaneous air raid by RAF Bomber Command which also dropped flares to illuminate the target. During the 18-minute bombardment, Revenge fired 120 main-gun shells at the harbour while her escorts fired 801 rounds from their 4.7-inch guns. The British force came under accurate fire from German heavy coastal artillery but were able to retire undamaged, Revenge managed to make 21.5 knots on the return journey. On 13 November 1940, she resumed North Atlantic convoy duties, which continued without major incident well into 1941.

With the Eastern Fleet

In October 1941, the Admiralty decided the ship was to be transferred to the 3rd Battle Squadron, which was to be based in Colombo, Ceylon; she was joined there by her three surviving sisters ( had been sunk in October 1939). The unit was established in December, with the squadron attached to Force F. With the start of the Pacific War on 7 December, naval forces were necessary in the Indian Ocean to protect British India. By the end of March 1942, the Eastern Fleet had been formed, under the command of Admiral James Somerville. Despite the numerical strength of the Eastern Fleet, many of its units, including the four Revenge-class battleships, were no longer front-line warships. Vice Admiral Chūichi Nagumo's powerful Kido Butai, composed of six carriers and four fast battleships, was significantly stronger than Somerville's Eastern Fleet. As a result, only the modernised battleship  could operate with the two fleet carriers; Revenge, her three sisters, and the carrier Hermes were kept away from combat to escort convoys in the Indian Ocean.

In late March, the code-breakers at the Far East Combined Bureau, a branch of Bletchley Park, informed Somerville that the Japanese were planning a raid into the Indian Ocean to attack Colombo and Trincomalee and destroy his fleet. He therefore divided his fleet into two groups: Force A, which consisted of the two fleet carriers, Warspite and four cruisers, and Force B, centred on Revenge and her sisters and Hermes. He intended to ambush Nagumo's fleet in a night action, the only method by which he thought he could achieve a victory. After three days of searching for the Japanese fleet without success, Somerville returned to Addu Atoll to refuel. While refuelling his ships, Somerville received a report that the Japanese fleet was approaching Colombo, which they attacked the following day, on 5 April, followed by attacks on Trincomalee on 9 April. Following the first raid on 5 April, Somerville withdrew Revenge and her three sisters to Mombasa, where they could secure the shipping routes in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf. The four Revenges departed from Addu Atoll early on the morning of 9 April, bound for Mombasa; they remained based there into 1943. Thereafter, the Revenge-class ships escorted convoys while based in Kilindini Harbour. The ship underwent a further refit in Durban from October to November 1942. In February 1943, Revenge and Resolution escorted the Operation Pamphlet convoy that carried the 9th Australian Division from Egypt back to Australia.

Fate
In mid-1943, the poor condition of the ship—which had become apparent as early as 1936, but could not be remedied due to the outbreak of the war—prompted the Admiralty to recall her to Britain to be withdrawn from service. She arrived in the Clyde on 31 September, where she was reduced to reserve status for the rest of the conflict. The ship's electrical system was in very poor condition and needed a thorough overhaul, and her hull was badly stressed from years of heavy use. Although in reserve, the ship was used to carry Prime Minister Winston Churchill part of the way to the Tehran Conference in November and December. In January 1944, she was transferred to the Portsmouth Command, based in Southampton; she remained there, out of use, until 17 December, when she was converted into a training ship for boiler room personnel, part of the training establishment . During the period of inactivity, in May 1944, her main armament was removed to provide spare guns for the battleships Ramillies and Warspite, as well as monitors which were to be vital during the bombardment of the beaches of Normandy during Operation Overlord.

In March 1948, she was placed on the disposal list, being sold for scrap in July to the British Iron & Steel Co.; she was then sent to ship breakers Thos. W. Ward to be broken up at Inverkeithing, where she arrived on 5 September. Some of Revenges gun-turret rack and pinion gearing was reused in the  diameter Mark I radio telescope built at Jodrell Bank, Cheshire, in the mid-1950s, along with equipment from .

See also

 Claude Choules, the last living British World War I veteran, served aboard Revenge during the Great War.

Notes

Footnotes

References

Further reading

External links

 Maritimequest HMS Revenge Photo Gallery
 Battle of Jutland Crew Lists Project - HMS Revenge Crew List

Revenge-class battleships
Vickers
Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
1915 ships
World War I battleships of the United Kingdom
World War II battleships of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in May 1940

HMS Revenge (06)


Der Riesen-Lauch (Allium giganteum) ist eine Lauch-Art (Allium) und gehört zur Unterfamilie der Lauchgewächse (Allioideae) innerhalb der Familie der Amaryllisgewächse (Amaryllidaceae). Sie stammt aus Vorderasien und Zentralasien: nördliches und westliches Afghanistan, nordöstlicher Iran, südliches Tadschikistan, Turkmenistan und Usbekistan. Als Zierpflanze wird sie in Parks und Gärten sowie als Schnittblume verwendet.

Beschreibung
Der Riesen-Lauch ist eine ausdauernde krautige Pflanze mit einer Wuchshöhe von 80 bis 150 cm. Die Pflanzenteile verströmen einen leichten Zwiebelgeruch. Dieser Geophyt bildet eine Zwiebel als Überdauerungsorgan, die Durchmesser 4 bis 6 cm und einen Umfang von etwa 17 cm oder mehr besitzt. Die sechs bis acht grundständigen, aufrechten, gräulich-grünen, glatten Laubblätter sind bei einer Länge von bis zu 50 cm und einer Breite von bis zu 5 bis 10 cm breit linealisch bzw. riemenförmig. Die Laubblätter beginnen am Anfang der Anthese abzusterben und zu vertrocknen.

Die Blütezeit fällt in den Sommer. Auf einem bei einem Durchmesser von etwa 1 cm relativ dicken, im Querschnitt runden und hohlen, unbeblätterten Blütenstandsschaft steht der doldige Blütenstand, der bei einem Durchmesser von 10 bis 14 cm kugelförmig ist. Die zwittrigen Blüten sind radiärsymmetrisch und dreizählig. Die sechs gleichgestaltigen Blütenhüllblätter besitzen unterschiedliche Violetttöne und stehen sternförmig zusammen. Es sind sechs Staubblätter vorhanden.

Die Chromosomenzahl beträgt 2n = 16.

Systematik
Die Erstbeschreibung von Allium giganteum erfolgte durch Eduard August von Regel in Gartenflora, Band 32, 1883, S. 97, Tafel 1113. Ein Synonym für Allium giganteum  ist Allium procerum .

Allium giganteum gehört zur Sektion Compactoprason aus der Untergattung Melanocrommyum in der Gattung Allium.

Nutzung
Der Riesen-Lauch wird vorwiegend als Zierpflanze in Parks und Gärten sowie manchmal als Schnittblume verwendet.

Die relativ großen Zwiebeln können roh oder gegart gegessen werden; sie sind ungiftig und weisen einen guten milden Geschmack auf. Die Blätter werden roh oder gegart gegessen. Die Blüten werden roh gegessen und bilden eine schöne Dekoration auf Salaten.

Der Pflanzensaft wird als Repellent gegen Motten eingesetzt. Angeblich vertreiben alle Pflanzenteile Insekten und Maulwürfe.

Kultivierung
Der Riesen-Lauch benötigt einen nahrhaften, aber wasserdurchlässigen, gut drainierten Boden. Er bevorzugt einen sonnigen, trockenen bis leicht feuchten Standort, verträgt Staunässe aber nur schlecht. Die Zwiebeln werden relativ tief gepflanzt. In Mitteleuropa ist der Riesen-Lauch winterhart. Die Vermehrung erfolgt durch Zwiebelteilung oder durch Samen.

Weblinks

 Thomas Meyer:  Datenblatt mit Bestimmungsschlüssel und Fotos bei Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (alter Name der Webseite: Blumen in Schwaben)
 Allium giganteum - Common Name: Ornamental Onion - Erv Evan - North Carolina State University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences.

Einzelnachweise

Lauch
Zierpflanze

Riesen-Lauch


Sluškinjina priča (eng. The Handmaid's Tale) američka je distopijska i tragedijska mrežna televizijska serija temeljena na istoimenom romanu kanadske književnice Margaret Atwood. Stvorio ju je Bruce Miller. Radnja serije odvija se u bliskoj distopijskoj budućnosti nakon Drugog američkog građanskog rata u kojoj su preostale plodne žene, zvane Sluškinje, prisiljene na seksualno i porođajno sužanjstvo u novonastaloj državi Republika Gilead (bivše Sjedinjene Američke Države), vođenoj teokratskom totalitarnom diktaturom.

Sluškinjina priča primila je izvrsne kritike i osvojila 8 nagrada Emmy za udarne termine od ukupno 13 nominacija. Isto tako je i prva serija koja se prikazuje na streaming usluzi da je osvojila Emmy nagradu za najbolju seriju.
Osvojila je i Zlatne globuse za najbolju televizijsku seriju i najbolju glumicu (Elisabeth Moss).

Prve tri epizode serije su puštene na Hulu streaming uslugu 26. travnja 2017. godine; narednih 7 epizoda su puštane svake srijede. U srpnju 2019. godine serija je obnovljena za četvrtu sezonu, koja će se prikazivati u 2021. godini. U rujnu 2019. godine najavljeno je da Hulu i MGM rade na drugoj seriji koja će biti zasnovana na Atwoodinom novom romanu, nastavku Sluškinjine priče, Svjedočanstva. U prosincu 2020. godine, prije premijere četvrte sezone, serija je obnovljena i za petu sezonu.

Radnja
U bliskoj budućnosti smanjuju se stope plodnosti i nataliteta kao rezultat spolno prenosivih bolesti i zagađenja Zemlje. Na području bivših Sjedinjenih Američkih Država vlast preuzima radikalna skupina koja u državi uspostavlja totalitarističku, kršćansko-teokratsku diktaturu i uspostavlja novu državu pod nazivom Republika Gilead. Nakon stupanja na vlast 2017. godine, vlasti daju otkaz svim ženama u SAD-u, zamrzavaju im bankovne račune, te zatvaraju granice države, zabranjujući migraciju bilo kojeg stanovnika bivšeg SAD-a u Kanadu. Autoriziranom silom, Čuvari kidnapiraju sve preostale plodne žene koje po zakonima Biblije imaju neku "moralnu mrlju" npr. preljub, pobačaj, homoseksualnost itd. Njihova dužnost u novonastaloj Republici Gilead je rađanje djece elitnim obiteljima (Zapovjednicima i Suprugama) koje su odgovorne za pad SAD-a i uzdignuća Gileada.

Vrsta vlasti u Republici Gilead je oligarhija, vladavina manje grupe ljudi, koju sačinjavaju samo Zapovjednici.

Republika Gilead i njeni dužnosnici smatraju da je za svaki grijeh potrebna pokora kako bi ih Bog odriješio od grijeha, ta je pokora najčešće bičevanje, sakaćenje i slično. Gilead strogo kažnjava kršenje zakona. Žene ne smiju čitati ni pisati; kazna je kirurško uklanjanje malog prsta, a za drugi prijestup se uklanja cijeli dlan. Zločini kao homoseksualnost, preljub, korištenje kontracepcijskih sredstava (koja su sva ilegalizirana), subverzivne akcije protiv države i najveći grijeh u očima Gileada, povreda djeteta, su svi kažnjivi smrću. Tu smrtnu kaznu Gilead zove "Spašavanje" jer se plaćajući cijenu na Zemlji osoba odrješuje od grijeha. Metoda smrtne kazne varira o jačini prijestupa; kamenovanje, vješanje, bacanje psima itd. Na navedenim pogubljenjima sudjeluju Sluškinje; povlačenjem konopa za vješanje, kamenovanjem prijestupnika i slično.

Kaste
Društvo je organizirano u društvene kaste (poredano po stupnju hijerarhije):
 Zapovjednici - Muškarci koji imaju svu moć i vodstvo u Republici Gilead, odgovorni za novonastalu državu. - nose crno
 Supruge - Supruge od zapovjednika, najviše rangirane žene u društvu, time nemaju nikakve dužnosti osim odgajati djecu koje im Sluškinje rode. S obzirom na to da nemaju pravo na djelatnost, okupiraju se hobijima poput vrtlarenja, pletenja itd. - nose tirkizno ili plavo (po uzoru na Djevicu Mariju)
 Udovice - Bivše Supruge Zapovjednika koji su preminuli, imaju pravo zadržati kuću nakon Zapovjednikove smrti, unatoč zakonu koji glasi da žene ne smiju imati privatno vlasništvo - nose crno i tamno-ljubičasto (ljubičasta kao počasna boja vojnika koji su odslužili svoju službu ili doprinijeli cilju)
 Tete - Žene srednjih godina, dužnost im je strogo disciplinirati Sluškinje i nadzirati ih, dozvoljeno im je korištenje sile nad Sluškinjama koristeći se šokerima za stoku, bičevanjem, sakaćenjem itd. Tete su jedina klasa žena koja ima dozvolu čitanja i pisanja radi pismenog praćenja Sluškinjine trudnoće. Rade na raznim mjestima; indoktriniraju Sluškinje u posebnim centrima, rade u školama i podučavaju djecu, nadziru žene u prisilnoj prostituciji, Jezabele, u tajnim javnim kućama dostupnim samo Zapovjednicima, nadziru radnike koji kopaju radioaktivni otpad u Kolonijama (područja u Sjevernoj Americi kontaminirana radioaktivnim otpadom) - nose smeđe (po uzoru na Adolfa Hitlera)
 Čuvari - Muškarci s dužnošću vojnika, zaštitara i policije, nadgledaju ulice i sve dostupne prostore, dozvoljeno im je korištenje sile nad ljudima ako je opravdano. U čast svojem trudu i "Božjem radu" im može biti dodjeljena žena - nose tamno-plavo
 Ekonoljudi - Radnička klasa u Gileadu. Žive u stambenim ustanovama i imaju pravo zasnivati obitelj. Ekonomuškarci imaju dodijeljen posao, npr. blagajnik, automehaničar, doktor itd. Ekonožene nemaju velikih dužnosti osim kućanskih poslova, s obzirom na to da nemaju pravo na djelatnost, okupiraju se hobijima poput vrtlarenja i pletenja, kao i Supruge - nose sivo
 Marthe - U pravom smislu riječi 'sluškinje'; čiste, kuhaju i paze na djecu u kućama Zapovjednika - nose svijetlo-zeleno
 Jezabele - Žene prisiljene na prostituciju dostupne samo Zapovjednicima, žive i djeluju u tajnim javnim kućama, sterilizirane su radi spolnih odnosa sa Zapovjednicima (zahvat koji je svim ostalim ženama u Gileadu zabranjen) - nemaju dodijeljenu odjevnu boju
 Sluškinje - Preostale plodne žene prisiljene na nošenje i rađanje djece Zapovjednicima i Suprugama. Najpodređenija, a ironično najpotrebnija, kasta žena u društvu. Nije im dozvoljena upotreba vlastitog imena, već im se mijenja svakim dolaskom u novu obitelj (Ako se Zapovjednik kojem služi zove Joseph, zvat će se Ofjoseph/Josephova). Podložene su institucionaliziranom silovanju plodnim danima u mjesecu, torturom i kažnjavanjem metodama bičevanja, udaranja i sakaćenja od strane Teta. Ne smiju se kretati same izvan kuće. Sudjeluju u javnim pogubljenjima. Kada rodi dijete jednoj obitelji, ide drugoj obitelji u kuću i njena se dužnost ponavlja - nose crvene halje i bijela "krila" (crvena kao boja krvi i života, isto tako da ih je lakše opaziti u slučaju bijega)

June Osborne, preimenovana u Offred/Fredova (Elisabeth Moss), Sluškinja je dodijeljena gileadskom Zapovjedniku Fredu Waterfordu (Joseph Fiennes) i njegovoj Supruzi Sereni Joy (Yvonne Strahovski). Offred, nazvana prema Zapovjedniku kojem je dodjeljena, mora slijediti stroga pravila i stalno je nadzirana - neprimjeren odgovor ili djelo mogu voditi do brutalnih kazni. Offred se prisjeća svog života prije brutalnog režima kada je imala vlastiti život i slobodu, posao, muža Lukea i kćer Hannu koja je oteta i predana drugoj, novoj gileadskoj obitelji. Sada može jedino slijediti pravila Gileada kako bi preživjela i nadati se da će jednom ponovno živjeti slobodna i vratiti se svojoj kćeri.

Uloge

 Elisabeth Moss - June Osborne/Offred, Sluškinja u Republici Gilead
 Joseph Fiennes - Fred Waterford, visoki Zapovjednik
 Yvonne Strahovski - Serena Joy Waterford, sebična Supruga Freda Waterforda
 Alexis Bledel - Emily Malek/Ofglen, Sluškinja
 Madeline Brewer - Janine Lindo/Ofwarren, Sluškinja
 Ann Dowd - Lydia Clements, zloglasna Teta u Republici Gilead
 O. T. Fagbenle - Luke Bankole, bivši muž June Osborne
 Max Minghella - Nick Blaine, vozač Freda Waterforda
 Samira Wiley - Moira Strand, bivša Sluškinja
 Amanda Brugel - Rita Blue, Marta u kućanstvu Freda i Serene Waterford
 Bradley Whitford - Joseph Lawrence, visoki Zapovjednik
 Sam Jaeger - Mark Tuello, agent američke vlade u izgnanstvu

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene stranice
 Sluškinjina priča na IMDb-u

Dramske serije
Američke serije
Sluškinjina priča

Sluškinjina priča (televizijska serija)


Thoros, alternative transliteration T'oros, is the Armenian variant of the Greek name Theodoros (Theodore). It may refer to:

Historical figures
Chronologically:
Thoros of Edessa (died 1098)
Thoros of Marash, aka Thatoul (late 11th – early 12th century), Armenian leader who interacted with the early Crusader states
Thoros I of Armenia (ruling 1102–1129)
Thoros II of Armenia (ruling 1140–1169)
Thoros III of Armenia (ruling 1293–1298)
 Thoros the Younger (ruling 1303/05–1307), alternate term for Leo III, King of Armenia, son of Thoros III

Fiction
 Thoros of Myr, a character in George R. R. Martin's A Song of Ice and Fire

See also
 Toros (disambiguation)
 Theodore (disambiguation)
 Theodoros, a given name

Thoros


මේපල් ලීෆ් ක්‍රිකට් සමාජය යනු කැනඩාවේ ඔන්ටාරියෝ හි කිං සිටි හි ක්‍රිකට් සමාජයකි, එය ටොරොන්ටෝ සිට කි.මී. 30 ක පමණ දුරින් පිහිටා ඇත.1954 දී ස්ථාපිත කරන ලද අතර තණකොළ විකට්ටු පහසුකමද ඇත. 2006 දී, එය ජාත්‍යන්තර ක්‍රිකට් කවුන්සිලය විසින් එක්දින ජාත්‍යන්තර (එදිජා) සත්කාරකත්වය සඳහා අවසර ලබා දුන් කැනඩාවේ දෙවන ක්‍රීඩාංගණය බවට පත් විය.

මෙම පහසුකම ක්‍රිකට් ක්‍රීඩාංගණ 5 කින් සමන්විත වේ. වයඹ ක්‍රීඩාංගණය වඩාත් වැදගත් වන අතර 2008 වාරයේ සිට මෙම ක්‍රීඩාංගණයේ එදිජා සහ වි20ජා තරඟ ක්‍රීඩා කර ඇත. මේපල් ලීෆ් ක්‍රිකට් සමාජය ටොරොන්ටෝ ක්‍රිකට්, ස්කේටිං සහ කර්ලින් ක්ලබ් වෙතින් භූමිකාව භාර ගනිමින් කැනඩාවේ ප්‍රාථමික ක්‍රිකට් ස්ථානය බවට පත්ව ඇත.

මෙම ස්ථානයේ 2001 ICC කුසලානයේ තරඟ, 2006 ICC අන්තර් මහද්වීපික කුසලානයේ පළමු පෙළ තරඟ දෙකක්, 2000 සහ 2006 ICC ඇමරිකා ශූරතා තරඟාවලියේ තරඟ කිහිපයක් සහ 2008 චතුරස්ර වි20 තරඟාවලිය ඇතුළු ප්‍රධාන ඉසව් සඳහා සත්කාරකත්වය ලබා දී ඇත.

එය Global T20 Canada තරඟාවලියේ සමාරම්භක සංස්කරණයේ සියලුම තරඟ සඳහා ස්ථානය විය.

සටහන්

බාහිර සබැඳි

 Maple Leaf Cricket Club   හි

මේපල් ලීෆ් ක්‍රිකට් සමාජය


Pescuitul la feeder reprezintă o metodă aparte de pescuit "la grund", adică un pescuit cu lesturi mai mult sau mai puțin grele, care țin atât montura cât și momeala  pe fundul apei. Cel mai adesea lesturile sunt formate fie din coșulețe momitoare  fie din "method feedere" sau plăcuțele momitoare. Acestea au rolul de a purta "hrana" ("feed" in engleza), nada și momeala în zona aleasă de pescar.

Scurt istoric

Din punct de vedere al sportului, pescuitul la feeder este o disciplină de sine stătătoare, în cadrul pescuitului staționar. Prima ediție a Campionatului Mondial de Pescuit la Feeder a avut loc in Italia in 2011. Romania a participat la câteva din edițiile acestui campionat mondial, fără a obține însă rezultate notabile ca echipă. La individual, Zsolt Benzar a reușit însă în 2014 , la Campionatul Mondial de Pescuit la feeder, clasarea pe locul 4  după ce a obținut un loc 3 în prima manșă și a câștigat sectorul în a doua.
Putem spune fără să exagerăm că atât în România cât și in lume, pescuitul la feeder  a devenit un adevărat fenomen, pentru că an de an tot mai mulți pescari adoptă acest stil de pescuit. In România metoda a început să fie practicată încă de la jumătatea anilor 90, dar a cunoscut o adevărată explozie a numărului de practicanți și a dezvoltării unei piețe specifice, începând cu a doua jumătate a anilor 2000.

Particularități și atuuri ale acestei tehnici de pescuit

Este o metodă simplă și foarte eficace,  pentru că momitorul poartă nada în mod constant în aceeași arie, și pentru că  momeala se afla in imediata apropiere sau chiar îngropata in nada, ca o capcană pentru pești. De asemenea este o metodă ușor de asimilat, practic oricine a pescuit în trecut cu o lansetă nu va întâmpina dificultăți în adoptarea pescuitului la feeder. Numărul relativ redus al accesoriilor, și costul decent al echipamentelor folosite nu poate fi ignorat, în prezent producătorii ne vin în întâmpinare cu o gamă vasta de scule și accesorii pentru a satisface orice exigențe și buzunare.

Echipament specific

Lansetele de pescuit la feeder

Poartă denumirea generică de Lansete de Feeder și se remarcă prin numărul mare de inele ce permit o distribuire progresivă a tensiunii în corpul lansetei (numit blank), dar și prin cele 2 -4 vârfuri cu putere și acțiune diferită care echipează aceste lansete. Există în acest moment pe piață o gamă variată de modele cu acțiune, putere și lungime diferită care satisfac toate exigențele pescarilor fie că aleg să pescuiască pe râu sau baltă, după crap sau plătică, iar catalogarea lor se face în mare parte în funcție de puterea acestora: Light, Medium și Heavy.

Varfurile lansetelor de feeder

O altă caracteristică a acestor lansete este faptul că segmentul de  top este format din  2 părți: un port-vârf si vârful interschimbabil. Altfel spus, la aceeași lanseta putem monta alternativ vârfuri  mai tari sau mai moi, din fibră de sticlă sau din carbon,  vârfuri care se comportă diferit . Acest lucru este  datorat faptului ca în pescuitul la feeder, vârful este elementul semnalizator al trăsăturii peștelui, si sensibilitatea acestuia trebuie sa fie un pe care pescarul să o adapteze  diferitelor situații de pescuit.  Din punct de vedere al sensibilității sau a rigidității vârfurilor, acestea sunt măsurate în uncii (oz, in limba engleză), avem de la 0.5 oz la 5 oz , și cel mai adesea ca  increment este măsura de jumătate de oz.   O uncie are 28 grame iar dacă un varf are 1 oz, atunci înseamnă ca pentru a se îndoi la 90 grade, e nevoie de o greutate de 28 grame.

Ca în mai tot ceea privește pescuitul, alegerea unui anume vârf se face având în minte găsirea unui echilibru cât mai bun între restul bățului, mulinetă, coșulețe, grosimea firului principal și a strunei, tipul de apă și talia peștelui.  Dacă la Dunăre pescuind ciortan se pretează vârfuri de la 2 oz in sus, pe balta putem pescui același peste cu vârfuri de 1 oz.

Momitoarele

Coșulețele momitoare, momitoarele arc, sau  plăcuțele tip method, sunt denumite generic momitoare. Cosuletele au de regula forma cilindrica si pot fi inchise sau deschise.Toate au rolul de a transporta și elibera nada pe vadul în care pescuim atrăgând de la distanță peștii în zona cârligului cu momeală. Construite din diverse materiale  în general forma, mărimea și greutatea acestora acoperă nevoile pescarului fie că pescuiește pe baltă, lac  sau râu, după pește mic , mediu sau mare.

Monturile  de pescuit la feeder
În pescuitul la feeder se folosesc montaje specifice, adaptate atât tipului de momitor folosit cât și tipului de apă și nu in ultimul rand speciei de pește pe care intenționam sa îl prindem. Indiferent că pescuim pe lac sau râu, după pește mare sau mic, monturile trebuie să fie cât mai simplu realizate, să nu se îcurce în lanseu, și să fie potrivite cu momelile folosite precum si a peștilor pe care urmărim să îi prindem. Astfel momitoarele, cârligele, lungimea și diametrul strunei, le vom adapta pentru a satisface specificul  fiecărei partide în parte, uneori forțați de împrejurări fiind necesară schimbarea acestora chiar în timpul pescuitului.

Note

Legături externe
 Școala de pescuit la feeder, articole DependentDeFeeder

Vezi și

 Pescuit
 Pește
 Pescar

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Recreere

Pescuit la feeder


La Pali Text Society (PTS) es una asociación británica fundada en 1881 por Thomas William Rhys Davids para alentar y promover el estudio de textos en pāli.

El pāli es el idioma en el que se han conservado los textos del budismo theravāda que son los más antiguos de todas las colecciones budistas.

La asociación ha publicado en alfabeto latina un gran corpus de literatura en pāli que comprende el Tipitaka, comentarios, textos exegéticos e históricos. Asimismo publica obras auxiliares como diccionarios, concordancias, libros de texto para estudiantes y el Journal of the Pali Text Society.

Historia
Thomas William Rhys Davids era un alto funcionario británico en Ceylan en el . En esa época el budismo cingalés vivía una crisis por la ocupación extranjera y la actividad misionera. Era una exigencia que los funcionarios conociesen el idioma del país en el que se encontraban destinados y así surgió el interés por el pali y el budismo en el círculo de Rhys Davis.

La Pali Text Society se fundó tomando como modelo la Early English Text Society, con el impulso de Rhys Davids que contó con el apoyo de eruditos europeos y algunos cingaleses. La publicación del Canon pāli en alfabeto latino fue posible gracias al apoyo financiero del clero budista.

El primer diccionario pāli-inglés se publicó en 1874. Fue sustituido en 1925 por una edición que recogía el trabajo de 40 años de T. W. Rhys Davids y de su discípulo William Stede. Una edición actual está en curso, dirigida por Margaret Cone : el primer volumen (A - Kh) apareció en 2001.

Desde 1922, año de la muerte de T. W. Rhys Davids, la Pali Text Society ha publicado 64 textos repartidos en 94 volumes que comprdenden más de 26000 páginas.

Enlaces externos

 Sitio oficial de la Pali Text Society
 Archivos de la Pali Text Society (Universidad de Cambridge)
 The Pali Text Society's Pali-English dictionary.
 Nemsiri Mutukumara, « Establishing Pali Text Society for Buddhist literature » en Ceylon Daily News, 18 de octubre de 2003.

Referencias

Idioma pali
Literatura budista
Budismo en Reino Unido

Pali Text Society


Miami, ABD'nin Florida eyaletinin ikinci büyük kentidir. Atlas Okyanusu kıyısında bir kıyı kentidir. En gelişmiş sektör turizm sektörüdür.

Nüfus
Halkın %66,75'i İspanyolca konuşur. Bunun en büyük sebebi ise burada yaşayan halkın çoğunun çevre ada ülkelerinden gelmiş olmasıdır. Ancak 2008 verilerine göre İspanyolca konuşanlar arttıkça anadili İngilizce olanlar işlerinin yürütülmesinde büyük zorluklar çektiklerini dile getirmişlerdir. Miami'de yaklaşık 5.000 Türk yaşamaktadır.

Ekonomi
Miami Limanı, dünyanın en büyük yolcu limanıdır. Şehirde turizm sektörü gelişmiştir.

Kültür
Miami'de en çok izlenen televizyon kanalı Telemundo'dur. Hispanik dizi sektörü Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde büyük desteğe sahiptir. Dünyaca ünlü Latin dizilerinin bir bölümü Amerikan kökenli Telemundo tarafından yapılır ve bu şehir çekilir.

Kardeş şehirler
Miami şehrinin şu kentlerle kardeş şehir bağlantıları bulunur:

Resimler

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Wikivoyage "Miami" maddesi
 DMOZ Open Directory projesi "Miami" maddesi

Miami


Twist the Truth er det fjerde studiealbum fra den norske musiker Lene Marlin. Det blev udgivet den 30. marts 2009.

Den første single, "Here We Are", nåede to uger som nummer 1 på den norske hitliste, hvilket var første gange for en af Marlins sange siden 2003.

Marlin begyndte at arbejde på albummet sammen med Even "Magnet" Johansen i efteråret 2008. I juli 2008 havde adskillige norske hjemmeside annonceret, at hun var begyndt at indspille musik til Marlins fjerde album.

Ifølge en artikel i Dagbladet fra april 2009 har Twist the Truth solgt 17.000 eksemplarer siden udgivelsen. Albummet blev certificeret guld i Norge hvilket blev bekræftet på Marlins officielle Myspace-side.

Spor
"Everything's Good" – 3:43
"Come Home" – 3:59
"Here We Are" – 3:26
"Story of a Life" – 3:01
"You Could Have" – 3:48
"I'll Follow" – 4:07
"Learned from Mistakes" – 5:46
"Have I Ever Told You" – 4:04
"Do You Remember" – 3:26
"You Will Cry No More" – 2:43

Hitlisteplaceringer

Referencer

Debutalbum fra 2009
Lene Marlin-album

Twist the Truth


Der Redtop Peak ist ein Berg im Süden des australischen Bundesstaates Tasmanien. Er liegt am Nordwestende der Frankland Range über dem Lake Pedder und am Südwestende der Madonna Ridge.

Östlich anschließend liegt The Cupola.

Quellen
Tasmap-Karte 1 : 25 000: Solitary, Blatt 4224, 1. Auflage 2001

Berg unter 1000 Meter
Berg in Australien und Ozeanien
Berg in Tasmanien
Tasmanische Wildnis

Redtop Peak


SBT Notícias foi um telejornal local brasileiro produzido e exibido pelo SBT São Paulo. Com apresentação de Darlisson Dutra, foi exibido entre 10 de janeiro à 25 de fevereiro de 2022.

O telejornal abordava os principais temas e fatos da cidade de São Paulo e Região metropolitana como saúde, emprego, prestação de serviço, cultura, trânsito, crimes, entre outros. O esporte também estava em pauta, com atenção especial para a Copa Libertadores da América e a Liga dos Campeões. O jornal também tinha entradas de outras capitais, com as notícias do Brasil e do Mundo.

História
Em 5 de janeiro de 2022, antes da estreia do telejornal, o âncora principal, Darlisson Dutra, testou positivo para COVID-19, tendo que se ausentar-se para tratar da infecção do vírus. Em 6 de janeiro, o jornalista e substituto, Felipe Malta, também testou positivo para COVID-19, causando mais um desfalque para a estreia. Em 7 de janeiro, o SBT havia decidido que quem iria apresentar o telejornal interinamente seria a jornalista Simone Queiroz, porém, a poucas horas da estreia do SBT Notícias, Dutra se recuperou da Covid-19 e foi confirmado pelo SBT para o lançamento do novo jornal na hora do almoço.

Em 14 de janeiro, o telejornal sofre sua primeira mudança devido a sua baixa audiência. Antes ancorado por Darlisson Dutra, com um formato mais voltado a prestação de serviço, o telejornal passou a ser comandado por Dudu Camargo e Marcão do Povo, em moldes policiais. Porém, essa troca não durou uma semana, devido a piora nos índices de audiência. Em 21 de janeiro, Dutra reassumiu o comando do noticioso, voltando ao formato de notícias variadas e prestação de serviço.

Em 25 de fevereiro, foi exibida a última edição do jornalístico. No mesmo dia, por baixa audiência, foi comunicado o término do telejornal. O então âncora titular, Darlisson Dutra, foi remanejado para o Primeiro Impacto ao lado de Dudu Camargo e Marcão do Povo.

Ligações externas

Telejornais do SBT
Programas de televisão em língua portuguesa
Telejornais do estado de São Paulo
Programas de televisão do Brasil que estrearam em 2022
Programas de televisão do Brasil encerrados em 2022

SBT Notícias (2022)


Hans Francis Hastings,  comte de Huntingdon ( - ) est un pair et officier de la Royal Navy britannique. Il est parfois connu sous son deuxième prénom, Francis, comte de Huntingdon.

Famille
Hastings est le plus jeune des quatre fils du lieutenant-colonel George Hastings, un arrière-arrière-arrière-arrière-petit-fils d'Edward Hastings de l'abbaye de Leicester, fils de Francis Hastings (2e comte de Huntingdon). Du vivant de Francis Hastings (10e comte de Huntingdon), le frère aîné de George est considéré comme l'héritier présomptif du comté, et un mariage est arrangé entre George et la sœur cadette du comte, Selina Hastings (fille du  comte et de sa femme Selina). Cependant, Selina meurt le 12 mai 1763 et, en 1769, George Hastings épouse à la place Sarah Fowler, fille de Richard Fowler,  baronnet, de Harnage Grange. Le  comte de Huntingdon meurt le 2 octobre 1789 et les domaines et les baronnies de Botreaux, Hungerford, de Moleyns et Hastings passent à sa sœur survivante Elizabeth, dont le fils Francis Rawdon-Hastings est créé marquis de Hastings en 1816. Le frère de George Hastings, le révérend Theophilus Henry Hastings, bien qu'assumant le titre de  comte de Huntingdon, n'a pris aucune mesure pour prouver son droit au titre de comte, qui est donc devenu dormant.

Début de carrière et mariage
Hans Francis Hastings entre dans la Royal Navy en 1793 et est promu lieutenant en 1799. Il est grièvement blessé au combat en baie de Quiberon.

Le 12 mai 1803, il épouse Frances Cobbe, la fille du révérend Richard Chaloner Cobbe, recteur de Great Marlow. Ils ont quatre fils :

 Francis Theophilus Henry Hastings, plus tard  comte (31 juillet 1808 - 13 septembre 1875), épouse Elizabeth Anne Power, fille de Richard Power, et a des descendants
  (28 novembre 1814 - 21 mars 1876), plus tard vice-amiral, épouse Mathilde Alice Hitchcock et a des descendants ; arrière-grands-parents de l'acteur Patrick Macnee.
 Edward Plantagenet Robin Hood Hastings (12 août 1818 - 17 octobre 1857), épouse Caroline Sarah Morris et a des enfants. Il meurt en Inde le 17 octobre 1857, lors de la mutinerie indienne, à Ghazipur, alors qu'il sert en tant que capitaine du  régiment d'infanterie indigène de l'armée du Bengale
 Richard Godolphin Henry Hastings (26 mars 1820 - 10 mars 1865), futur recteur de Hertingfordbury, épouse Agnes Fynes-Clinton, fille de Henry Fynes-Clinton, et a des descendants

et quatre filles

 Frances Theophila Anne Hastings (28 juin 1805 - 7 mai 1851), épouse le capitaine Henry Parker et a des descendants
 Selina Arabella Lucy Hastings (15 mai 1807 - 22 avril 1885), épouse le contre-amiral Charles Calmady Dent et a des descendants
 Arabella Georgiana Hastings (29 avril 1811 - 29 janvier 1899), épouse George Augustus Frederick Brooke, fils de Sir Henry Brooke,  baronnet, et a des descendants
 Louisa Hastings (janvier 1816 - 7 février 1868), épouse le révérend John Lees, recteur d'Annaghdown, et a des descendants.

Revendication du comté
Pour un parent éloigné ( cousin) du dixième comte de Huntingdon, la poursuite réussie d'une revendication de la pairie, qui est tombée en suspens, est une affaire ardue qui aboutit finalement en 1819. Un livre a été écrit sur le sujet .

Il descend d'Edward Hastings, le quatrième fils de Francis Hastings (2e comte de Huntingdon), comme suit :

 Edward Hastings m. Barbara Devereux, petite-fille de Walter Devereux (1er vicomte Hereford), par son fils, William Devereux.
 Henry Hastings (décédé après le 18 juin 1640) m. Mabel Faunt.
 Henry Hastings (mort vers 1654) m. 19 juillet 1641, à Long Clawson, Jane Goodall.
 Richard Hastings (baptisé le 5 mai 1645, Humberstone, enterré le 30 octobre 1714, Welford) m.  octobre 1697, à Frolesworth, avec Sarah Sleath (enterrée le 7 décembre 1707, Lutterworth)5. Henry Hastings (baptisé le 22 mai 1701, Lutterworth, enterré le 10 octobre 1786, Lutterworth) m. 7 novembre 1727, à Lutterworth, Elizabeth Hudson.
 George Hastings (bap 6 juin 1735, Lutterworth, décédé le 6 février 1802) m. 2 avril 1769, à Westminster St James, Sarah Hodges (d. 1807).
 Hans Francis Hastings,  comte de Huntingdon (né le 14 août 1779, décédé le 9 décembre 1828)

Dernières années
Le 31 mars 1820, la femme de Huntingdon, Frances, meurt et le 28 septembre de la même année, il épouse Eliza Mary, fille de Joseph Bettesworth de Ryde et veuve d'Alexander Thistlethwayte.

Il reprend sa carrière navale et est promu commandant le 7 mars 1821. Il est gouverneur de la Dominique entre 1822 et 1824 et est nommé capitaine de poste le 29 mai 1824. Le 14 août de la même année, il prend le commandement du Sloop de sixième classe Hermes HMS Valorous et le fait naviguer vers les Antilles. Cependant, il tombe gravement malade, abandonne son commandement et rentre chez lui en passant par New York.

Il meurt à Green Park, Youghal, à l'âge de 49 ans, et est remplacé comme comte par son fils aîné, Francis Theophilus Henry Hastings. Sa veuve se remarie le 26 avril 1838 avec le colonel Sir Thomas Noel Harris et est décédée le 9 novembre 1846 à Boulogne, France.

Références

Liens externes

Famille Hastings
Comte de la pairie d'Angleterre
Décès en décembre 1828
Naissance en août 1779
Gouverneur de Dominique
Décès à 49 ans
Comte de Huntingdon

Hans Francis Hastings (12e comte de Huntingdon)


Olur, Erzurum'a bağlı ilçe ve bu ilçenin merkezi kasabadır. Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde, Erzurum ilinin kuzey kesiminde yer alan Olur ilçesi, Ardahan ile Artvin illerinin sınır komşusudur.

Tarihçe
Olur, komşusu olan Şenkaya, Oltu, Tortum ve Yusufeli ilçeleriyle birlikte, Gürcü tarihinde Tao (Ermenice Tayk, Yunanca Taohi) adı verilen bölgenin bir parçasıdır. Bugün Çataksu adı verilen Taoskari, Şenkaya ilçesine bağlı Panaki ve Yusufeli'ne bağlı İşhani kasabaları bu bölgenin başlıca merkezleriydi.

Olur, erken orta çağda Gürcü Krallığı sınırları içinde yer alıyordu. 1071'de Malazgirt Savaşı'nda Bizans'ı mağlup eden Büyük Selçukluların saldırısına uğradı. Gürcü kralı II. Giorgi 1080 yılında Kveli Kalesi Savaşı'nda Büyük Selçuklu komutanı Emir Ahmed'e yenilince, Olur'un da içinde yer aldığı Tao-Klarceti bölgesi tamamen Selçukluların eline geçti. 1121 yılında, Büyük Selçukluların yenilgiye uğradığı Didgori Savaşı'ın ardından yeniden birleşik Gürcü Krallığı yönetimine girdi. Daha sonra uzun süre, bu krallığın parçalanması sürecine bağımsız devlete dönüşen Samtshe Prensliği yönetimi altında kaldı. 1550'de Osmanlı İmparatorluğu tarafından Gürcülerden alındı.

Olur, 1595 tarihli Osmanlı mufassal defterinde Olor (اولور) adıyla bir köy olarak kaydedilmiştir. Gürcistan Vilayeti'nin Penek livasının Panaskerdi nahiyesine bağlı 60 haneli büyük bir köydü. Her hanede ortalama beş kişinin yaşadığı var sayılırsa, Olur'un nüfusunun 300 kişiden oluştuğu ortaya çıkar. 60 hane de Hristiyan olarak kaydedilmiş ve ispenç vergisi vermekle yükümlü kılınmıştır. Köyde Mehmed ve Hüseyin adındaki iki kişinin, baba adları "Abdullah" olarak yazılmasından dolayı yeni Müslüman olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Osmanlı idaresi yeni Müslüman olmuş, babası Hristiyan olanları "Abdullah" baba adıyla kaydediyordu. Köyde vergiden yükümlü olarak "Pilipe veled-i Giorgi", "Peramuş veled-i Gozali", "Lazar veled-i Elioz", "Giorgi veled-i Elia", "Gogiça veled-i Grigol", "İsaka veled-i Markoz", "Giorgi veled-i İason" gibi erkek adları kaydedilmiştir. Olur'da bu tarihte Hristiyan Gürcülerin ve Ermenilerin yaşadığı bu adlardan da anlaşılmaktadır. Ancak 1828-1829 Osmanlı-Rus Savaşı'ndan sonra çok sayıda Ermeni Rus İmparatorluğu'na göç etti ve Ermenistan'a yerleştirildi.

93 Harbi'nde (1877-1878) bölgeyi ele geçiren Rusların 1886 yılında yaptığı nüfusu sayımında bugün Olur ilçesine bağlı Tavusker köyünde 273 kişi yaşıyordu ve bu nüfusun % 42,9'u (117 kişi) Ermenilerden oluşuyordu. Kalan nüfusun % 45,1'i (123 kişi) Türk, % 12,1'i Kürt (33 kişi) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Rus idaresinin Olor (Олор) olarak kaydettiği köy, Kars oblastı içinde Oltu sancağında (okrug) Tausker kazasına (uçastok) bağlıydı.

Olor aynı zamanda bu kazaya bağlı nahiyenin (маркяз: merkez) adıydı ve 18 köyü kapsıyordu. Şimdiki adıyla Olur, eski adıyla Olor nahiyesinin nüfusu ise, 2.969 kişiden oluşuyordu. Nahiyenin nüfusu %94,2'si Türk (2.796 kişi), %3,9'u Ermeni (117 kişi), %1,2'si Kürt (36 kişi) ve %0,7'si (20 kişi) Rum olarak kaydedilmişti. Nahiye sınırları içinde Ermenilerin sadece Olor köyünde yaşadığı bu kayıtlardan anlaşılmaktadır. Olur köyünün nüfusu 1896 yılında 288, 1906 yılında 416 kişi olarak tespit edilmiştir. Son on yıldaki artış dikkat çekicidir. Köyün sınırları değişmemişse, Olor'a yeni nüfus yerleştirilmiş olabilir.

20. yüzyılın başında Olor köyünü gezmiş olan Gürcü tarihçi Ekvtime Takaişvili köy hakkında yazmıştır: "Olor yüksek bir platoda, bahçeler içinde kuruludur. Olor Çayı'ndan başlayan Olor'a kadar olan bayır 2,5 kilometredir. Burada Taoskari kazasının yöneticisi ikamet etmektedir. Burada kilise kalıntılarına artık rastlanmamaktadır, çünkü tamamen yıkılmıştır. Ancak etrafında hayli çok kale ve kule yıkıntıları bulunmaktadır."

1917 Ekim Devrimi dolayısıyla Rus ordusunun çöküşü başlayınca Olur bir süre Ermeni milislerin kontrolüne girdi; ancak 28 Mart 1918'de Türk ordusu tarafından ele geçirildi. Bununla birlikte Birinci Dünya Savaşı'nın sonlarında Rus idaresinin son bulmasının ardından hukuken bir süre bağımsız Gürcistan'ın sınırları içinde kabul edildi. 1921 yılında Kızıl Ordu'nun Gürcistan'ı işgali devam ederken Sovyet Rusya ile Ankara Hükümeti arasında 16 Mart 1921'de imzalanan Moskova Antlaşması'yla kesin olarak Türkiye'ye bırakıldı. 1928 tarihli Osmanlıca köy listesinde Olur, Erzurum vilayetinin Oltu kazasının bir köyüydü. Aynı zamanda bu kazaya bağlı bir nahiyeydi ve köy bu nahiyenin idari merkeziydi. 1935 genel nüfus sayımında, nahiye merkezi olan Olur köyünün nüfusu 370 kişiden oluşuyordu. İdari birim olarak 1958 yılına kadar Oltu ilçesine bağlı bir bucak olan Olur, bu yıldan itibaren Erzurum iline bağlı bir ilçe, Olur köyü de bu ilçenin merkezi haline gelmiştir.

Olur'un bir köy olduğu zamanki sınırları içinde bir kale ve bir kilise bulunuyordu. Bugünkü Olur kasabasının 1,5 km kuzeydoğusunda, bir kayanın tepesinde inşa edilmiş olan kalenin günümüze kalan duvarlarının yüksekliği 3 metreye ulaşmaktadır. Kalenin içindeki sarnıç bulunmaktadır. Kilise ise, kasabanın 2 km kuzeydoğusunda yer alır ve büyük ölçüde yıkılmıştır. Olur kaymakamlığı binasının bahçesinde bulunan hayvan motifli taş da eski bir eserdir ve buraya Karaşuti (Filizli) köyünden getirilmiştir.

Coğrafi yapı
Coğrafi olarak Karadeniz bölgesinin  doğusunda olup rakımı ise 1327 metredir. Erzurum  İl merkezine 160 km. mesafede, yüzölçümü 820 km² olup, İlçeye bağlı bucak merkezi yoktur.
Doğusunda Göle ve Şenkaya ilçeleri, Batısında Yusufeli ilçesi, Güneyinde Oltu ilçesi, Kuzeyinde Artvin ili, Ardanuç ilçesi bulunmaktadır.

1- Önemli Dağları: İlçenin kuzey ve güney istikametinde sıra dağlar ve bu dağları kesen derin vadiler mevcuttur. İlçenin kuzeyinde platolara da rastlanır. İlçenin en önemli dağları şunlardır. İlçemizin güneyinde Akdağ 2342 m, kuzeyinde Zamp Dağı 2745 m, Sarıbaba Tepesi 2605 m. ve Pancarlı Tepesi 2697 metredir.Horasan tepesi 2842 metredir.

2- Akarsuları: Çoruh Nehri'nin bir kolu olan Oltu Çayı ilçemiz sınırları içerisinde doğu-batı istikametinde devam ederken tamamen ilçemiz sınırları içerisinde kaynağını alan ve ilçenin kuzey doğu istikametinden güneye doğru yol alarak Oltu Çayı'na kavuşan Alabalık Suyu ile Kızılçay akarsuları önemli akarsularındandır.

3- İklim ve Bitki Örtüsü: Doğu Anadolu ile Doğu Karadeniz iklimi arasında bir geçit iklimi hüküm sürmektedir. İlçenin rakımı yüksek kuzey kesimlerinde iklim oldukça serttir ve kar yağışı çokça görülmektedir. Bu kesimlerde kışları 2 metreye varan kar yağışları nadiren de olsa görülür. İlçe merkezi ile güney kesimleri de gayet ılıman bir iklime sahip olup, daha ziyade Doğu Karadeniz iklimi hüküm sürmektedir. Yağışlar daha ziyade yağmur şeklinde olmaktadır. İlçenin ortalama yıllık yağış toplamı 350,6 m³' dür.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Olur Belediyesi
 Olur Kaymakamlığı

İlçe taslakları

Olur


La vergüenza est un film espagnol réalisé par David Planell, sorti en 2009.

Synopsis
Pepe et Lucía ont adopté Manu, un enfant péruvien âgé de huit ans. Ils étaient au courant de ses problèmes de comportement mais penser que leur amour y remédierait. Leur couple est en péril et ils prennent la décision de renvoyer Manu.

Fiche technique
 Titre : La vergüenza
 Réalisation : David Planell
 Scénario : David Planell, avec la collaboration de Santos Mercero
 Musique : Christopher Slaski
 Photographie : Charly Planell
 Montage : David Pinillos
 Production : Stefan Schmitz et María Zamora (producteurs délégués)
 Société de production : Avalon
 Pays :
 Genre : Drame
 Durée : 90 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
 :

Distribution
 Natalia Mateo : Lucía
 Alberto San Juan : Pepe
 Marta Aledo : Irene
 Norma Martínez : Rosa
 Esther Ortega : Ester
 Brandon Alexander Lastra Cobos : Manu

Distinctions
Le film a été nommé au prix Goya du meilleur nouveau réalisateur.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film espagnol sorti en 2009
Film dramatique espagnol
Film sur l'adoption
Premier long métrage sorti en 2009

La vergüenza


ليتون ميستر  ممثلة، مغنية وعارضة أزياء أمريكية من مواليد 9 أبريل 1986، اشتهرت بدور بلاير والدورف في دراما المراهقين الشهيرة Gossip Girl على قناة ذا سي دبليو.

الحياة المبكرة

ولدت ليتون في فورت وورث، تكساس لكونستانس ودوغلاس ميستر، وعاشت معظم حياتها في نيويورك ولوس انجلوس. اسم عائلتها «ميستر» يعني بالهولندية السيد أو المعلم. ليتون نصف هولندية من جهة والدها، ونصف إسبانية من جهة والدتها.
عندما كانت ليتن على وشك الولادة، كانت والدتها تخدم خدمة إلزامية في سجن فدرالي لتورطها في تهريب الماريجوانا بين جمايكا والولايات المتحدة. وعندما ولدت ليتون اعتنت بها والدتها في منزل رعاية لمدة ثلاثة شهور، قبل أن تعود إلى السجن لتكمل مدة عقوبتها. بعد ذلك اعتنت جدة ليتون بها.

ذكرت ليتون بأن والداها قد منحاها حياة ونمو طبيعيان، وأنهما -وعلى الرغم من ماضيهما الإجرامي- أشخاص طيبون ورائعون، وبسبب هذه التجربة، أصبحت ليتون شخصاً منفتحاً لا يحكم على الناس من خلال ماضيهم، «لقد جعلني هذا أدرك أننا لا نستطيع أن نحكم على أي أحد -خاص أبائنا- على ما قد فعلوه في ماضيهم، لأن البشر يتغيرون». هذا ما قالته ليتون عندما سئلت بهذا الشأن.

ترعرعت ليتون في ماركو آيلاند، فلوريدا، إلا إنها وفي سن الحادية عشر فقط، انتقلت هي ووالدتها إلى نيويورك. أصبحت ليتون تذهب إلى مدرسة متخصصة للأطفال وأصبحت تعمل أيضاً كعارضة ازياء مع عدة أشخاص في هذا المجال، وأهمهم المصورة صوفيا كابولا، وظهرت في عدة إعلانات مختلفة المضمون.

بدأت مسيرة ليتون في التمثيل من خلال البرنامج التلفزيوني الشهير قانون ونظام، عندما لعبت في إحدى الحلقات دور صديقة ضحية قتل. في عمر الرابعة عشرة انتقلت ليتون إلى لوس انجلوس، كاليفورنيا، لتقوم بتطوير مسيرتها الفنية، وارتادت مدرسة هوليود الثانوية، ومدرسة بيفرلي هيلز الثانوية. بعد ذلك انتقلت إلى مدرسة حكومية صغيرة وتخرجت بعد ذلك بسنة.

السيرة المهنية

بعد أن لعبت دور أليسا تيرنر في مسلسل قانون ونظام سنة 1999، ظهرت ليتون كضيفة في مسلسلين أخرين قبل أن تقوم بأول أدوارها المهمة في فيلم Hangman's Curse ، المأخوذ عن كتاب فرانك بيريتي. بعد ذلك لعبت ليتون أدوار مختلفة في مسلسلات أخرى كـ عبر جوردان، 8 قواعد بسيطة، سبع سماوات، فيرونيكا مارس، 24 (مسلسل تلفزيوني)، وانتوريج.

في 2005 بدأت تمثل دور دائم في مسلسل «السطح» بدور سفانا بينيت. في 2006 مثلت في فيلمين، «ازدهار» و «الداخل». ثم حلت ضيفة على مسلسل نمبرز (مسلسل أمريكي) وضيفة لمدة ثلاث حلقات في مسلسل هاوس في دور «ألي»، فتاة شابة لديها إعجاب بـ دكتور جريجوري هاوس. وكانت ضيفة أيضاً لـ سي إس آي: ميامي والقرش، ولعبت الدور النسائي الرئيسي في فيلم الرعب Drive Thru.

في 2007 لعبت ليتون دورها الأشهر بلاير والدورف في فتاة النميمة (مسلسل) على شبكة سي دبليو التلفزيونية. وهو مسلسل مأخوذ عن سلسلة روايات كتبتها سيسلي فون زيغيزر، حول حياة شبان بالغين في الحي الشرقي الأعلى في مدينة نيويورك.

ظهرت ليتون في الفيلم التلفزيوني The Deadly Pledge ، ولعبت جزء من طاقم الكوميديا الدرامية Remember the Daze. أيضاً ظهرت في فيلم الرعب والإثارة killer movie سنة 2008 .

لعبت ليتون أدوار صغيرة في أفلام كوميدية سنة 2010، كـ «ليلة المواعدة» و «قطع المسافة». وفي نفس العام مثلت في فيلم Country Strong، أما في 2011 فقد مثلت دور البطولة في فيلم الإثارة الحجرة (فلم)، وبعدها في الفيلم الكوميدي الأنثوي مونت كارلو (فيلم) مع سيلينا غوميس وكايتي كاسيدي، الماخوذ بتصرف عن كتاب جوليس باس الموجه للشباب البالغين. وفي 2011 أيضاً مثلت في الفيلم الكوميدي الدرامي The Oranges مع هيو لوري. انضمت ليتون إلى طاقم الفيلم الكوميدي «هذا هو ولدي»، من بطولة آدم ساندلر، اندي سامبيرج وميلو فينتميليا.

الموسيقى

في أبريل 2009، وقعت ليتون عقد تسجيل مع تسجيلات يونفيرسال ريبابليك. أول أغانيها الفردية الرسمية "Somebody to love"، بالاشتراك مع مغني ال ريذم أند بلوز روبين ثيك، صدرت للعلن في 13 أكتوبر 2009، وأصبحت متوفرة للتنزيل الرقمي في 14 أكتوبر 2009. أغنيتها الفردية الثانية "Your love's a drug"، صدرت رقمياً في 30 مارس 2010.

غنت ليتون أيضاً في أحد أفلامها وهو Country Strong ، حيث أعادت غناء أحد أغاني فرقة راسل فلاتس بعنوان «كلمات لم أستطع قولها»، وأغنية المغنية سارة إيفانس «أقوى بقليل»، وأغنية لها بعنوان «فتاة الصيف»، لتكون الأغنية الدعائية في الفيلم.

معلومات عامة
 لديها أخ أكبر منها، يدعى «دوغلاس»
 استمتعت بالغناء في فيلم الرعب Drive Thru
 في الأصل، ليتون شقراء، إلا إنها صبغت شعرها باللون البني من أجل دور بلاير والدورف في مسلسل فتاة النميمة (مسلسل)
 لديها أخ أصغر منها، يدعى «ليكس»
 اختيرت كواحدة من أجمل الأشخاص لعام 2008 في مجلة People
 تتكلم الفرنسية
 في المدرسة الثانوية كانت مادتها المفضلة «الكتابة الإبداعية»
 كانت على علاقة مع زميلها في فتاة النميمة (مسلسل) سبيستيان ستان من 2008-2010
 صديقتها الأقرب هي الممثلة إيمي روسوم.

مراجع

مواقع خارجية

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من فورت وورث (تكساس)
أمريكيون من أصل ألماني
أمريكيون من أصل أيرلندي
أمريكيون من أصل إسباني
أمريكيون من أصل إنجليزي
أمريكيون من أصل إسكتلندي
أمريكيون من أصل هولندي
عارضات من تكساس
عارضات من فلوريدا
عارضون أطفال أمريكيون
كتاب أغان من تكساس
كتاب أغان من فلوريدا
مغنو ومغنيات بوب أمريكيون
مغنون أمريكيون في القرن 21
مغنيات أمريكيات في القرن 21
مغنيات بوب أمريكيات
ممثلات أطفال أمريكيات
ممثلات أفلام أمريكيات
ممثلات أمريكيات في القرن 20
ممثلات أمريكيات في القرن 21
ممثلات تلفزيون أمريكيات
ممثلات مسرح أمريكيات
ممثلات من أصل ألماني
ممثلات من تكساس
ممثلات من فلوريدا
مواليد 1986
مواليد في فورت وورث (تكساس)
خريجو ثانوية بيفرلي هيلز
خريجو مدرسة هوليوود الثانوية

لايتن ميستر


In electronics, a limiter is a circuit that allows signals below a specified input power or level to pass unaffected while attenuating (lowering) the peaks of stronger signals that exceed this threshold. Limiting is a type of dynamic range compression. Clipping is an extreme version of limiting.

Limiting is any process by which the amplitude of a signal is prevented from exceeding a predetermined value.

Limiters are common as a safety device in live sound and broadcast applications to prevent sudden volume peaks from occurring. Limiters are also used as protective features in some components of sound reinforcement systems (e.g., powered mixing boards and power amplifiers) and in some bass amplifiers, to prevent unwanted distortion or loudspeaker damage.

Types
Limiting can refer to a range of treatments designed to limit the maximum level of a signal. Treatments in order of decreasing severity range from clipping, in which a signal is passed through normally but sheared off when it would normally exceed a certain threshold; soft clipping which squashes peaks instead of shearing them; a hard limiter, a type of variable-gain audio level compression, in which the gain of an amplifier is changed very quickly to prevent the signal from going over a certain amplitude or a soft limiter which reduces maximum output through gain compression.

In amplifiers
Bass instrument amplifiers and power amplifiers are more commonly equipped with limiter circuitry to prevent overloading the power amplifier and to protect speakers. Electric guitar amps do not usually have limiters.

PIN diodes can be used in limiter circuits to reflect the energy back to the source or clip the signal.

In FM radio
An FM radio receiver usually has at least one stage of amplification that performs a limiting function. This stage provides a constant level of signal to the FM demodulator stage, reducing the effect of input signal level changes to the output.  If two or more signals are received at the same time, a high-performance limiter stage can greatly reduce the effect of the weaker signals on the output. This is commonly referred to as the FM capture effect.

Generally, FM demodulators are not affected by amplitude variations, since the baseband is contained in the frequency deviations. Some detectors, including the ratio detector, inherently limit gain by the nature of the circuit design. In AM radio, the information is located in the amplitude variations, and distortion can occur due to spurious signals that could cause the baseband to be misrepresented.

In aerospace and military

For military two-way radio sets and aircraft VHF voice telecommunications, the voice limiter is known as a vogad.
It is designed to work with
high levels of background noise near the microphone.  One form operates by up-converting the audio signal to an ultrasonic frequency, hard limiting that signal, and
then down converting the result.  The frequency conversion uses image-cancelling heterodyning. The advantage of clipping the supersonic signal is that the odd harmonics
produced will still be out-of-band when down converted.   This is in contrast to standard hard limiting, as in an electric guitar fuzz box, where the harmonics are highly audible.
This device ultimately gives a distinctive character to the voice communication, which despite being highly distorted, ensures spoken words remain clear.

In audio production
Mastering engineers often use limiting combined with make-up gain to increase the perceived loudness of an audio recording during the audio mastering process.

See also
 Clipper (electronics)
 Flow limiter
 Negative feedback
 Variable-gain amplifier

References

Electronic circuits
Dynamics processing

Limiter


Đorđe Vajfert (în sârbă chirilică: Ђорђе Вајферт, în ; 15 iunie 1850, Panciova12 ianuarie 1937, Belgrad) a fost un industriaș sârb de origine germană, guvernator al Băncii Naționale a Serbiei și mai târziu a Iugoslaviei. În plus, el este considerat fondatorul sectorul minier modern din Serbia și un mare binefăcător.

Biografie
Georg Weifert s-a născut în Panciova, Banatul German, într-o familie de șvabi dunăreni. De la o vârstă fragedă Đorđe Vajfert a lucrat împreună cu tatăl său, Ignatz Weifert, la fabricarea berii în Belgrad. Ei au deținut prima fabrică de bere din Regatul Serbiei. Georg a absolvit Braumeisterschule din Weihenstephan, în apropiere de München. Apoi s-a întors în Serbia și a preluat fabrica tatălui său, pe care a extins-o. A investit profiturile, cumpărând o mină de cărbune la Kostolac, apoi o mină de cupru la Bor, o fabrică Steinberg la Zaječar și, în cele din urmă, o mină de aur. Veniturile obținute din minerit l-au făcut cel mai bogat om din Serbia și cel mai mare industriaș din viitoarea Iugoslavie.

În 1890 Vajfert a fost numit guvernator al Băncii Naționale a Serbiei. El a îndeplinit această funcție în perioadele 1890-1902 și 1912-1914/1918. În această perioadă el a dobândit o bună reputație în menținerea valorii dinarului sârbesc și a creditului. După 1918, datorită priceperii sale, Vajfert a fost numit guvernator al Băncii Naționale a Iugoslaviei. Una dintre cele mai cunoscute activități ale sale în calitate de guvernator a fost convertirea coroanei austro-ungare în noul dinar iugoslav. Acest lucru, de asemenea, a generat mari critici, deoarece fostul dinar sârbesc a fost schimbat în noul dinar într-un raport de conversie 1:1, iar coroana austriacă într-un raport 4:1 - acest lucru a dus la pierderi substanțiale acelor iugoslavi care au locuit anterior în Austro-Ungaria.

Đorđe Vajfert a fost un important protector și susținător al instituțiilor culturale și umanitare. El a donat apreciatele lui colecții de monede antice și biblioteca sa particulară către Universitatea din Belgrad. În Panciova, de unde proveneau părinții săi, Ignatz și Anna, a construit o mică capelă romano-catolică cunoscută sub numele de Anina crkva (Biserica Annei), în memoria mamei sale.

A fost un mare binefăcător și a deschis un mare cimitir catolic la Panciova, unde se mai află încă rămășițele pământești ale membrilor familiei Vajfert. Ei au înființat, de asemenea, un fond pe numele Bisericii catolice Sf. Ana din Panciova și multe alte instituții de caritate.

A murit la 12 ianuarie 1937, la ora 17:20 după amiază, la vila lui din Belgrad. Slujba sa de înmormântare a fost celebrată în Biserica Catolică Sf. Ana din Panciova la 14 ianuarie, fiind înmormântat în ziua următoare în cimitirul catolic din Panciova. Moștenitorul imperiului său economic a fost nepotul său, Ferdinand Gramberg. Începând din anul 2001, portretul lui este reprezentat pe bancnota de 1000 de dinari sârbești.

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Archives of the city of Belgrade, TD, Building dept. F-H-9-1930, file I -165-1942.
 The early years . Led-vajfert.org. Accessed on 2011-12-29
 Politics, no. 10,287 from Wednesday 13 January 1937th, str. 5
 Politics, no. 10,289 from Friday 15 January 1937th, str. 6
 Politics, no. 10,290 from Saturday 16 January 1937th, str. 6

Legături externe
 Über Georg Weifert, von Mira Sofronijević, Gesellschaft für serbisch-deutsche Zusammenarbeit
 70 Years from death of Great Freemason Bro.∙. GEORGE WEIFERT  at djordje-vajfert.org

Nașteri în 1850
Decese în 1937
Sârbi din secolul al XIX-lea
Sârbi din secolul al XX-lea
Oameni din Austro-Ungaria
Șvabi bănățeni

Đorđe Vajfert


Jean Robert Planquette (31 iulie 1848 – 28 ianuarie 1903) a fost un compozitor francez de cântece și operete.

Mai multe operete ale lui Planquette  au avut mare succes în Marea Britanie, inclusiv Les cloches de Corneville (1878), a cărei durată de reprezentare la Londra a depășit durata oricărei piese de teatru muzical reprezentată până la acel moment, și Rip Van Winkle (1882), care a câștigat o faimă internațională.

Viața și cariera
Fiul unui cântăreț, Planquette s-a născut în Paris și a studiat la Conservatorul din Paris. El nu și-a terminat studiile din lipsa resurselor financiare și a lucrat ca pianist de cafenea, compozitor și cântăreț (era tenor). Câteva romanțe pe care le-a compus i-au adus mai puțină faimă decât cântecul său, "Sambre et Meuse", cântat pentru prima dată în 1867 de către Lucien Fugère, care a devenit unul dintre cei mai importanți cântăreți de operă francezi din vremea sa.

În 1876, directorul de la Théâtre des Folies-Dramatiques i-a comandat lui Planquette să compună prima sa operetă, Les cloches de Corneville. Ea a avut premiera la Paris, în 1877, având mare succes și fiind reprezentată în 480 de spectacole, iar apoi ajungând la Londra, unde a fost reprezentată începând din 1878 într-un număr record de 708 spectacole. Muzica lui Planquette a fost lăudată pentru patosul și simțirea sa romantică. Le Chevalier Gaston a fost reprezentată în 1879, cu mai puțin succes. În 1880 au avut premiera Les Voltigeurs du 32ieme care a fost reprezentată o lungă perioadă la Londra, în anul 1887 sub titlul The Old Guard, și La Cantiniére, care a fost tradusă în limba engleză ca Nectarine, deși n-a mai fost reprezentată.

În 1882 Rip Van Winkle a fost reprezentată la Londra și, ulterior, la Paris, sub titlul Rip, având în ambele cazuri mare succes. Libretul este o adaptare realizată de H.B. Farnie a faimoasei povestiri a lui Washington Irving. În 1884 fenomenul unei opere a unui compozitor francez, care a fost reprezentată mai întâi la Londra și apoi la Paris a fost repetată în Nell Gwynne, care a avut un succes modest, dar a eșuat atunci când a fost reprezentată la Paris, la fel ca și La Princesse Colombine. Au urmat La Crémaillere (Paris, 1885), Surcouf (Paris, 1887; Londra, ca Paul Jones, 1889), Captain Thérése (Londra, 1887), La Cocarde tricolore (Paris, 1892), Le Talisman (Paris, 1892), Panurge (Paris, 1895) și Mam'zelle Quat'sous (Paris, 1897).

O altă compoziție a lui Planquette, marșul Le Régiment de Sambre et Meuse, a devenit celebră printr-un aranjament pentru fanfară; este tonul folosit de fanfara Universității Statului Ohio. Versiunea orchestrală originală a fost înregistrată de către Boston Pops Orchestra dirijată de Arthur Fiedler și apare pe RCA Living Stereo CD Marches in Hi-Fi. "The Song of the Cabin Boy", o barcarolă din Les cloches de Corneville a lui Planquette a fost interpretată la vioară de W.K.L. Dickson în primul experiment din istorie de sincronizare a sunetului și imaginii în mișcare (1894). Ea este vizibilă online ca Dickson Experimentale Sunet de Film.

Lucrări
Toate operetele și toate premiere au avut loc la Paris, dacă nu se specifică altfel.
 Méfie-toi de Pharaon, un act, 1872, Eldorado
 Le serment de Mme Grégoire, 1874, Eldorado
 Paille d'avoine, un act, 12 martie 1874, Théâtre des Délassements-Comiques
 Le valet de coeur, saynète, un act, 1875, Alcazar d'Eté
 Le péage, c. 1876, Eldorado
 Les cloches de Corneville, operă comică, patru acte, 19 aprilie 1877, Théâtre des Folies-Dramatiques
 Le chevalier Gaston, un act, 8 februarie 1879,  Opéra, Monte Carlo
 Les voltigeurs de la 32ème, trei acte, 7 ianuarie 1880, Renaissance
 La cantinière, trei acte, 26 octombrie 1880, Théâtre de Nouveautés
 Rip van Winkle (Rip-Rip), trei acte, 14 October 1882, Comedy Theatre, Londra
 Les chevaux-légers, un act, 1882
 Nell Gwynne (La princesse Colombine), trei acte, 7 februarie 1884, Avenue Theatre, Londra
 La crémaillere, trei acte, 28 noiembrie 1885, Nouveautés
 Surcouf, trei acte, 6 octombrie 1887, Folies-Dramatiques
 Captain Thérése, 1887, trei acte, 25 august 1890, Prince of Wales Theatre, Londra
 La cocarde tricolore, trei acte, 12 februarie 1892, Folies-Dramatiques
 Le talisman, trei acte, 20 ianuarie 1893, Théâtre de la Gaîté
 Les vingt-huit jours de Champignolette, 17 September 1895, République
 Panurge, 1895, trei acte, 22 noiembrie 1895, Gaîté
 Mam'zelle Quat'sous, patru acte, 19 aprilie 1897 Gaîté
 Le fiancé de Margot, un act, 1900
 Le paradis de Mahomet, trei acte, finalizat de Louis Ganne, 15 mai 1906, Variétés

Note

Bibliografie
 Sadie, S. (ed.) (1980) The New Grove Dictionary of Music & Musicians, [vol. # 14].
 Obituary: Robert Planquette in The Musical Times, Vol. 44, No. 721 (Mar. 1, 1903), p. 177

Legături externe
Information about Planquette and Les Cloches de Corneville
Dickson Experimental Sound Film brief discussion of film's recovery and restoration, with downloadable version of the film; part of the Internet Archive

Nașteri în 1848
Decese în 1903
Înmormântări în cimitirul Père Lachaise
Compozitori francezi de muzică cultă
Compozitori de operă francezi
Compozitori romantici

Robert Planquette


Hachimoji DNA (fra japansk 八文字 hachimoji = otte bogstaver) er et syntetisk DNA, der ud over de fire naturlige nukleinbaser i DNA (nemlig A, T, G og C) bruger yderligere fire syntetiske baser: P, Z, B og S.

Den genetiske kode kan dermed fordobles til en "syntetisk" kode med otte bogstaver. Det nye syntetiske DNA har således fire forskellige basepar, to nye syntetiske basepar, PZ og BS, dannet af de nye syntetiske baser ud over de to normale par, AT og GC (se skemaerne).

Forsøg med det nye syntetiske DNA har vist at det kan transkripteres til hachimojo RNA med en modificeret polymerase, hvorved der kunne produceres en type katalytisk RNA (ribozym eller aptamer).

Fordelene ved en udvidet DNA-kode kunne omfatte lagring af stærkt komprimerede data, dvs. en forbedret genetisk kode, samt indsigt i livets generelle kemiske forudsætninger dvs. hvad man også kunne forvente af eventuelt udenjordisk liv.

En anden fordel kunne være ved udvikling af nye lægemidler.

{|
! colspan="2"| Base !! Kemisk navn || Kemisk formel || SMILES || Kemisk struktur || ChemSpider !! PubChem
|-http://www.chemspider.com
! colspan="2"|P
| 2-Aminoimidazo[1,2a][1,3,5]triazin-4(1H)-one

| C5H5N5O
|
|
| 10205066
| 135600909
|-
! colspan="2"|Z
| 6-Amino-5-nitropyridin-2-ol

| C5H5N3O3
|
|
| 9357814
| 11182729
|- style="border-top:solid #ccc;"
! colspan="2"|B
| Isoguanine

| C5H5N5O
|
|
| 69351
| 76900
|-
! rowspan="2"|S
! rS
| Isocytosine
| C4H5N3O
|
|
| 60309
| 66950
|-
! dS
| 1-Methylcytosine

| C5H7N3O
|
|
| 71474
| 79143
|}

Henvisninger

Biokemi
Liv

Hachimoji DNA


An Imerinaea madagascarica in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Imerinaea madagascarica in nahilalakip ha genus nga Imerinaea, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Imerinaea

Imerinaea madagascarica


الشيخ البهي نجا إبراهيم الخولي عام ( 1901- 1977م ) المفكر والكاتب والداعية الإسلامي وأحد مؤسسي جماعة الإخوان المسلمين وعضو الهيئة التأسيسية ومكتب الإرشاد بالجماعة.

الميلاد
ولد الشيخ البهي الخولي عام 1317 هـ / 1901م بقرية القرشية مركز السنطة محافظة الغربية، نشأ في أسرة متدينة، وكان والده من ذوي النعمة واليسار.

التعليم
 تدرج البهي الخولي في مراحل التعليم من كتاب القرية حيث حفظ القرآن الكريم، وتعلم مبادئ القراءة والحساب إلى أن بلغ دور الصبا، فدفع به والده إلى المعهد الأحمدي بطنطا، ومنه التحق بدار العلوم في القاهرة وفيها تفتحت مداركه ونضجت مواهبه وتحدد هدفه.
 درس على نخبة من علماء الدين أمثال: محمد عبد المطلب، وعبد الوهاب النجار، وطنطاوي جوهري، والشيخ أحمد إبراهيم، وقد كان الشيخ البهي شغوفاً بكتب العلامة ابن قيم الجوزية متجهاً اتجاهه في تزكية النفس وتهذيب الأخلاق وفهم الدين.

قالوا عنه
 يقول العلامة السيد أبو الحسن الندوي: (والقلب يمتلئ قوة وحرارة بتأثير الأستاذ البهي وروحه القوية وقلبه الفياض بالحب والإيمان حتى شعرت بنشاط جديد).
 يقول الأستاذ حسن البنا عنه: ( الأخ الداعية المجاهد الأستاذ البهي الخولي هو بحمد الله صافي الذهن، دقيق الفهم، مشرق النفس، قوي الإيمان، عميق اليقين).
 يقول عنه الشيخ القرضاوي: (هو رجل ذواقة للمعاني الربانية, عميق الحاسة الروحية وقد كان يرأس الإخوان في الغربية وكانت محاضراته ودروسه التي يظهر فيها الجانب الرباني, وكان للأستاذ البهي لقاءات خاصة مع مجموعة من الشباب اصطفاهم يصلون الفجر معاً كل أسبوع ويذكرون الله عز وجل ويعيشون في جو روحي محلق وقد أطلق على هذه المجموعة اسم ( كتيبة الذبيح ) يعني بالذبيح: إسماعيل , الذي أسلم عنقه طاعة لله دون تلكؤ ولا تردد ( قال يا أبتي افعل ما تؤمر ستجدني إن شاء الله من الصابرين).

وظائفه
 عُيّن بعد تخرجه من دار العلوم مدرساً في المعاهد الأزهرية بطنطا، ثم انتقل إلى أسيوط ، ثم إلى القاهرة، ثم عاد إلى طنطا.
 بعد قيام الثورة عمل مديراً عاماً للمساجد بوزارة الأوقاف، ومديراً لتحرير مجلة منبر الإسلام، ثم عُيّن مراقباً عاماً للشؤون الدينية في وزارة الأوقاف، ثم اختير عضواً بالمجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 عمل مستشاراً بالمجلس الأعلى لجمعية الشبان المسلمين ، كما انتدب للتدريس في الأزهر كلية أصول الدين وفي دار العلوم وكلية العلوم الاجتماعية.. وغيرها.

جهوده في الدعوة
 كان البهي الخولي: داعية بارزاً، وأحد المربين والموجهين من جماعة الإخوان المسلمين بمصر حيث كان زميلاً للشيخ حسن البنا وقائماً بمهام العمل الدعوي معه.
 دخل السجن في ديسمبر سنة 1948م في معتقل الطور مصر وكان مسؤولاً عن الإخوان المسلمين في السجن ولكنه قد استدعي إلى القاهرة حيث وُجّه إليه اتهام في قضية تتعلق بالنظام الخاص، فاختار السجناء أميراً لهم: محمد الغزالي.
 خرج من السجن وانتخب عضواً في مكتب الإرشاد الذي أُعيد تشكيله في 1951م أيام حسن الهضيبي، وكان د. محمد خميس حميدة وكيلاً للمكتب وعبد الحكيم عابدين سكرتيراً، وحسين كمال الدين أميناً للصندوق، وعبد القادر عودة، وكمال خليفة، وعمر التلمساني، وعبد الرحمن البنا، وعبد المعز عبد الستار، وأحمد شريت، وعبد العزيز عطية، ومحمد فرغلي، ومنير أمين الدلة، وصالح أبو رقيق، والبهي الخولي، ومحمد حامد أبو النصر أعضاء، وهو المكتب الذي قابل محنة الإخوان مع جمال عبد الناصر، وأُدخل معظم أعضائه السجون والمعتقلات، وحُكِم على بعضهم بالإعدام، وبعضهم بالسجن المؤبد، وبعضهم بسنوات طويلة.

تلاميذه
الدكتور سعيد رمضان والدكتور عبد العظيم الديب والدكتور يوسف القرضاوي من تلاميذه المقربين حيث يذكر القرضاوي مدى استفادته من كثير من جوانب التربية الفكرية والروحية عند البهي الخولي.

مؤلفاته

كتب في الدعوة
 تذكرة الدعاة: وهو باكورة إنتاجه العلمي، وأشهر كتبه، وهو كتاب طبع عدة طبعات قدم له الشيخ البنا.
 آدم : فلسفة تقويم الإنسان وخلافته.
 منهج القرآن في المعرفة.
 مذكرة في الدعوة (قررها على طلاب كلية أصول الدين).
 الخالقية.

كتب في الاقتصاد الإسلامي
 الثروة في ظل الإسلام – دار القلم ، الكويت ، 1981م.
 الإسلام لا شيوعية ولا رأسمالية – دار الكتاب العربي ، 1947م.
 الاشتراكية في المجتمع الإسلامي بين النظرية والتطبيق – مكتبة وهبة.
 مفهوم ومنهج الاقتصاد الإسلامي (بحث مقدم إلى مؤتمر الملك عبد العزيز الإسلامي الدولي بكلية الاقتصاد والإدارة بجامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة).

كتب في السيرة والتراجم
 من أسرار الفتح (فتح مكة) – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 يوم الفرقان (غزوة بدر) – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 الإمام الممتحن أحمد بن حنبل – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 الإمام محمد عبده – مخطوط.
 شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية – مخطوط.

دراسات حول القرآن الكريم
 بنو إسرائيل في ميزان القرآن.
 تفسير سورة المزمل.
 هدى الإسلام (بالاشتراك مع آخرين) وقررته وزارة التربية والتعليم بمدارسها الابتدائية والإعدادية سنة 1956م.

دراسات فقهية
 الصيام – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية سنة 1961م.
 الحج والعمرة – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 رفيق الحاج – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية.
 منهاج الإسلام في الزواج والطلاق – المجلس الأعلى للشؤون الإسلامية سنة 1962م.

دراسات حول قضايا المجتمع
 المرأة بين البيت والمجتمع – قدم له المستشار حسن الهضيبي، دار العروبة، 1965م.
 الإسلام وقضايا المرأة المعاصرة – دار القلم – الكويت.

كتب عنه
كتب عنه الأستاذ يسري عبد الخالق رسالة ماجستير بعنوان (الشيخ البهي الخولي وجهوده في الدعوة إلى الله).

وفاته
توفي في 27 ديسمبر 1977م عن ست وسبعين عاماً، وقد أوصى أولاده ألا ينشروا نعيه ، فمضى إلى ربه دون أن يعلم كثير من عارفيه بوفاته.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الحلقة السادسة: وفاة الأستاذ البهي الخولي، الحلقة السادسة، الجزء الرابع، مذكرات القرضاوي، القرضاوي نت
 البهي الخولي، رابطة أدباء الشام

أشخاص من محافظة الغربية
أعضاء مكتب إرشاد الإخوان المسلمين
إخوان مسلمون مصريون
دعاة مصريون
علماء دين سنة مصريون
كتاب وكاتبات مصريون
مسلمون إصلاحيون
مفكرون إسلاميون
مفكرون مصريون
مواليد 1317 هـ
مواليد 1901
وفيات 1977

البهي الخولي


Jamal Akua Lowe, né le  à Harrow, Londres, est un footballeur jamaïcain. Attaquant, il joue à Swansea City, en prêt de l'AFC Bournemouth.

Biographie

Carrière en club
Le 25 août 2012, il fait ses débuts dans la ligue avec Barnet, contre York City, en remplaçant Curtis Weston.

Il passe ensuite quelques saisons en non-league.

Le 28 octobre 2016, il rejoint Portsmouth.

Le  août 2019, il rejoint Wigan Athletic.

Le 27 août 2020, il rejoint Swansea City pour £800 000, avec lesquels il signe un contrat de trois ans.

Le 31 août 2021, il rejoint AFC Bournemouth, pour £1,5 million.

Le , il est prêté à Queens Park Rangers .

Carrière internationale
Il fait ses débuts pour la Jamaïque en 2021.

Palmarès

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en juillet 1994
Naissance à Londres
Footballeur anglais
Footballeur international jamaïcain
Joueur du Barnet FC
Joueur du Portsmouth FC
Joueur du Wigan Athletic FC
Joueur de l'AFC Bournemouth

Jamal Lowe


Richard Cumberland may refer to:
 Richard Cumberland (philosopher) (1631–1718), bishop, philosopher
 Richard Cumberland (dramatist) (1732–1811), civil servant, dramatist
 Richard Cumberland (priest) (1710–1737), Archdeacon of Northampton, 1707–1737

Richard Cumberland


La plaza de toros de San Feliu de Guíxols, también conocida con el nombre de España Brava, y ubicada en el municipio homónimo (Gerona), fue inaugurada en 1957 a causa del auge del turismo en la Costa Brava.

Estructura
Con un estilo arquitectónico propio de la época, se edificó el coso con materiales como el hormigón armado o ladrillo. Poseía numerosos dientes para bajar la cantidad de material necesario y abaratar así la obra.

El ruedo poseía un diámetro de 40 metros y tenía aforo para hasta 6000 localidades. Las obras duraron un total de 92 días.

Finalmente, habiendo toreado toreros como Joaquín Bernadó, Chamaco o Chicuelo, la plaza de toros, que en 1987 la había adquirido el Ayuntamiento, es derribada en la fecha del 25 de mayo de 1998.

Véase también
 Tauromaquia en Cataluña

Bibliografía
Felices, Raúl: "Cataluña taurina", Ediciones Bellaterra, 2010.

San Feliu
San Feliu
San Feliu
Cataluña en el siglo XX
Historia de la provincia de Gerona
Arquitectura de la provincia de Gerona
Arquitectura de España de 1957
España en 1998
Sant Feliu de Guíxols

Plaza de toros de San Feliú de Guixols


كلية الحقوق والعلوم الاقتصادية والسياسية بسوسة هي إحدى الكليات التابعة لجامعة سوسة، وقد أنشئت بمقتضى القانـون عـدد 85-6 لسنـة 1985 المـؤرخ في 10 سبتمبر 1985 وهي تتمتع بالشخصية المدنية والاستقلال المالي. وقد أصبحت تحمل اسمها الحالي بمقتضى الأمر 89-321 المؤرخ في 23 فيفري 1989.

أرقام
 طبقا لإحصائيات 2007-2008 يدرس بكلية الحقوق والعلوم الاقتصادية والسياسية بسوسة 6588 طالبا من بينهم 4318 طالبة. وهي بذلك ثاني أكبر كلية بجامعة سوسة.

الأقسام
توجد بكلية الحقوق والعلوم الاقتصادية والسياسية بسوسة أربعة أقسام هي التالية:
 القانون العام: وبه حوالي 40 مدرسا ينقسمون كما يلي: 4 من صنف أستاذ تعليم عال، وأستاذ محاضر واحد، و6 أساتذة مساعدين و30 مساعدا. وتمنح من هذا القسم شهادتان: إجازة أساسية في القانون العام والإجازة التطبيقية في النزاعات الإدارية.
 القانون الخاص: وبه 42 مدرسا ينقسمون كما يلي: 3 من صنف أستاذ تعليم عال، و3 من صنف أستاذ محاضر، و3 أساتذة مساعدين و30 مساعدا. وتفضي الدراسة فيه إلى ثلاث شهائد هي: الإجازة الأساسية في القانون الخاص والإجازة التطبيقية في القانون الاجتماعي والإجازة التطبيقية في قانون المؤسسة والأعمال.
 الاقتصاد: وبه حوالي 30 مدرسا يتوزعون كما يلي: 2 من صنف أساتذة التعليم العالي، و3 أساتذة محاضرين، 4 أساتذة محاضرين و15 مساعدا. وتصدر عنه الإجازة التطبيقية في الاقتصاد.
 التصرف: وتصدر عنه شهادتان: الإجازة الأساسية في التصرف والإجازة التطبيقية في المحاسبة.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
موقع كلية الحقوق والعلوم الاقتصادية والسياسية بسوسة.

التعليم في تونس
جامعة سوسة
معاهد علمية


Çavuşlar, Kızılcahamam - Ankara ili Kızılcahamam ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Çavuşlar, Bingöl - Bingöl ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Çavuşlar, Tatvan - Bitlis ili Tatvan ilçesine bağlı köy
 Çavuşlar, Düzce - Düzce ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Çavuşlar, Safranbolu - Karabük ili Safranbolu ilçesine bağlı köy
 Çavuşlar, Sarıgöl - Manisa ili Sarıgöl ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Çavuşlar, Gülnar - Mersin ili Gülnar ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Çavuşlar, Altınordu - Ordu ili Altınordu ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Çavuşlar, Özalp - Van ili Özalp ilçesine bağlı mahalle

Çavuşlar


Vildfugl er en børnefilm fra 2012 instrueret af Jacob Bitsch efter eget manuskript.

Handling
Karla har tæmmet fuglen Krabat som hun vil vise til Janus. Karla er forelsket i Janus, men da han afviser fuglen som ulækker, bliver Karla såret og reagerer voldsomt. Ikke på Janus, men på sin lillebror Mikkel, der må en tur på hospitalet efter mødet med sin forsmåede storesøster. En fin, men også kontant historie om 'forbudte' følelser hos en pige i tween-alderen. "Vildfugl" er en dramatisk historie om mørkelandet i barndommen, hvor grænser overskrides og svære følelser får luft, men hvor der også er ømhed og omsorg.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2012

Børnefilm fra Danmark

Vildfugl


Crispin Charles Cervantès Tickell ( - ) est un diplomate, écologiste et universitaire britannique.

Jeunesse
Tickell est le fils de l'écrivain  et de Renée Haynes (une arrière-petite-fille de Thomas Henry Huxley). Il fait ses études à la Westminster School où il est un King's Scholar, et à la Christ Church, à Oxford, où il obtient son diplôme en 1952 avec les honneurs de première classe en histoire moderne. Il fait son service national dans les Coldstream Guards en tant que sous-lieutenant de 1952 à 1954.

Carrière diplomatique
Tickell rejoint le service diplomatique britannique en 1954, servant au Foreign Office Main Building à Londres jusqu'en 1955. Il est chargé de veiller sur le Territoire antarctique britannique ; l'expérience acquise peut avoir jeté les bases d'intérêts à long terme pour l'environnement. Il est ensuite affecté à l'ambassade britannique à La Haye (1955-1958) ; Mexico (1958–61) ; Londres (1961–64); Paris (1964-1970); et secrétaire privé de divers chanceliers du Duché de Lancastre (1970-1972) lors des négociations pour l'entrée du Royaume-Uni dans la Communauté européenne. Il est ensuite chef de cabinet du président de la Commission européenne (1977-1980), ambassadeur britannique au Mexique (1981-1983), secrétaire permanent de l'Overseas Development Administration (aujourd'hui Département du Développement international) (1984-1987), et Ambassadeur britannique aux Nations Unies et représentant permanent au Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies (1987-1990).

Il est nommé dans l'Ordre royal de Victoria en 1958, puis anobli en tant que KCVO en 1983 sur le yacht royal Britannia, pour marquer la conclusion de la visite officielle d'Élisabeth II au Mexique. Il est nommé GCMG pour son travail à l'ONU en 1988.

Carrière académique
Tickell est président de la Royal Geographical Society de 1990 à 1993 et directeur du Green College d'Oxford, entre 1990 et 1997, où il nomme George Monbiot et Norman Myers comme chercheurs invités. Green College fusionne avec Templeton College en 2008 pour devenir Green Templeton College, situé dans ce qui était auparavant Green College.

Il est président de la Marine Biological Association de 1990 à 2001.

De 1996 à août 2006, il est chancelier de l'Université du Kent remplacé par Sir Robert Worcester. Il est directeur du Policy Foresight Program  de la James Martin 21st Century School  de l'Université d'Oxford (anciennement le Green College Center for Environmental Policy and Understanding) et président émérite du Climate Institute, à Washington DC. Il a de nombreux centres d' intérêts, notamment le changement climatique, les problèmes de population, la conservation de la biodiversité et l'histoire ancienne de la Terre.

Margaret Thatcher crédite Tickell de l'avoir persuadée de faire un discours sur le changement climatique mondial à la Royal Society en septembre 1988 (bien que le discours ait été écrit par Thatcher et George Guise) . Il préside le panel gouvernemental de John Major sur le développement durable (1994–2000) et est membre de deux groupes de travail gouvernementaux sous le Parti travailliste : un sur la régénération urbaine, présidé par Sir Richard Rogers (1998–99), et un sur les objets géocroiseurs potentiellement dangereux (2000).

Il est membre honoraire du St Edmund's College de Cambridge .

Impact public
Homme aux fortes convictions environnementales, il est décrit comme ayant été influent en Grande-Bretagne, même si son message environnemental n'a pas toujours été entendu aussi facilement à l'étranger, notamment aux États-Unis. Son livre de 1977 Climatic Change and World Affairs affirme qu'un contrôle international obligatoire de la pollution serait éventuellement nécessaire. Malgré sa formation non scientifique, il est internationalement respecté pour sa maîtrise des questions de politique scientifique. Il est récipiendaire, entre 1990 et 2006, de 23 doctorats honorifiques.

Il est président de l'organisation caritative britannique Tree Aid  qui permet aux communautés des zones arides d'Afrique de lutter contre la pauvreté et de devenir autonomes, tout en améliorant l'environnement. Il est également un mécène de l'organisation caritative Population Matters (anciennement connue sous le nom d'Optimum Population Trust)  et déclare à l'émission Today de la BBC Radio 4 que la population idéale pour la Grande-Bretagne pourrait être d'environ 20 millions .

Vie personnelle et mort
Sir Crispin vit dans une grange reconvertie dans les Cotswolds . Il épouse Chloe Gunn en 1954 mais le mariage est dissous en 1976. Il a deux fils et une fille de ce mariage. Il s'intéresse à la climatologie, la paléohistoire, l'art précolombien et les montagnes . Il est le père d'Oliver Tickell, ancien rédacteur en chef de l'Ecologist.

Crispin Tickell est décédé d'une pneumonie le 25 janvier 2022, à l'âge de 91 ans.

Ouvrages

 Climate Change and World Affairs, avec une préface de Solly Zuckerman (1977, deuxième édition 1986, Harvard International Affairs Committee). deuxième édition disponible en ligne dans son intégralité
 Mary Anning de Lyme Regis, avec une préface de John Fowles (1996, 1998 et 2003).

Références

Liens externes

Président de la Royal Geographical Society
Élève de la Westminster School (Londres)
Ambassadeur britannique auprès des Nations unies
Chevalier commandeur de l'ordre royal de Victoria
Chevalier grand-croix de l'ordre de Saint-Michel et Saint-Georges
Famille Huxley
Écologiste britannique
Étudiant de Christ Church (Oxford)
Ambassadeur du Royaume-Uni au Mexique
Décès en janvier 2022
Naissance en août 1930
Décès à 91 ans

Crispin Tickell


Benfica, Portekiz'de Lizbon belediyesine bağlı olan, 7,94 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 38.523 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia). Lizbon'un en büyük parkı olan Monsanto Parkı Benfica bucağındadır.

Lizbon'ın bucakları

Benfica (Lizbon)