هوندا أكورد  هي إحدى الطرازات التي تنتجها شركة هوندا من عام 1976، وبيعت في معظم أنحاء في العالم. سيارة الأكورد كانت أول سيارة يابانية تصنع في الولايات المتحدة في 1982، وهي أيضاً تصنع في الصين. حققت الأكورد نجاح جدير بالاعتبار وخصوصاُ في الولايات المتحدة حيث كانت أكثر السيارات اليابانية مبيعاً هناك لمدة خمسة عشر عام تقريباً (1982-1997). العديد من الإحصائيات القديمة والجديدة أظهرت أن سيارة الأكورد تعد من أكثر السيارات التي يعتمد عليها في العالم. عبر السنين، عرضت شركة هوندا العديد من التصميمات المختلفة لسيارة الأكورد. وفي الجيل الحديث من هذه السيارة الذي أصدر في أمريكا الشمالية في 2008 اختارت هوندا تغيير التصميم وتزيد من حجم السيارة وتضيف التعديلات عليها. حيث ان اكورد الشكل السابق كانت جميلة لكن تواجه مشكلة في حجمها.

مبدأ
اختارت شركة هوندا اسم «أكورد» الذي يعبر عن رغبة هوندا في الملائمة والتناغم بين الناس والسيارة. والتصميم المبدئي للسيارة قد عُدل ليصبح مقتصد في استهلاك الوقود وإصدار انبعاثاث غاز أقل، حيث أن السيارة أصدرت خلال أزمة وقود التي حدثت في 1970.

هوندا أكورد 2015
تمت إعادة تصميم هوندا أكورد لعام 2015 ، حيث حصلت سيارة السيدان هوندا اكورد 2015 الجديدة على مجموعة من المزايا، وقدمت الشركة اليابانية سيارة هوندا اكورد 2015 كسيارة عائلية قوية ورائدة في مجال السلامة والتكنولوجيا والسعر، بعد أن باعت اكورد ما يزيد على 19 مليون نسخة حول العالم خلال أجيالها السابقة. خضعت هوندا اكورد 2015 إلى تحسينات جذرية بالمقارنة مع أكورد 2014، تضمنت على تصميم خارجي انسيابي ورياضي مع خطوط حادة محفورة بعمق وشبك أمامي جريء من الكروم ومصابيح LED نهارية ومصابيح LED للفرامل، ومن بين التحسينات الأساسية على اكورد 2015 حصولها من الخلف على مخرجين للعادم من الكروم مُضَمَّنين مع الصادم. وقامت الشركة اليابانية هوندا بتصميم هيكل سيارة اكورد 2015 وفق تقنية الهندسة المتوافقة 2 (ACE) المتطورة الذي يعزز حماية الركاب في حين يقلل من الأضرار التي تصيب السيارات الأخرى عند التصادم. وتمتلك اكورد عدداً من مزايا السلامة النشطة من هوندا مثل نظام المساعدة في ثبات السيارة (VSA) الذي يعزز التحكم بالثبات وخصوصاً في حالات السحب الضعيف بالإضافة إلى نظام الفرامل المانعة للانغلاق (ABS)، نظام التوزيع الإلكتروني لقوة الفرامل (EBD) والمساعدة في صعود المرتفعات.

واحتفظت هوندا أكورد 2015 بخيارات المحركات السابقة وهي محرك i-VTEC بحقن مباشر للوقود رباعي الاسطوانات سعة 2.4 لتر يولد قوة 185 حصان مع ناقل حركة جديد بتغيير متواصل (جير CVT) لتنطلق السيارة من صفر إلى 100 كم/س في 9.8 ثانية قبل الوصول إلى سرعة قصوى محددة إلكترونياً عند 208 كم/س، بالإضافة إلى محرك i-VTEC سعة 3.5 لتر يولد قوة 274 حصان مع ناقل حركة أوتوماتيكي من ست سرعات. وبفضل اتساعها من الداخل، توفر داخلية هوندا أكورد 2015 اتساعاً جيداً للأرجل في الخلف وللأكتاف في المقاعد الأمامية والخلفية، كما حرصت هوندا على فرش داخلية أكورد 2015 بمواد عالية الجودة كالجلد والخشب الطبيعي لتضفي على المركبة لمسة أنيقة، وتمنح الركاب راحة أكبر وخاصة عند السير لمسافات طويلة.

تتسع داخلية هوندا أكورد 2015 لـ5 افراد وتم فرش المقاعد بالجلد الفاخر، بينما يتوفر مقعد السائق بـ10 وضعيات، وجاءت عجلة القيادة متعددة الاغراض والاستخدامات كما يوجد شاشة عرض معلوماتي عند عدادات السيارة تعرض معلومات السيارة الميكانيكية، كما يوجد شاشة ملاحة بالأقمار الاصطناعية. حصلت كل طرازات هوندا أكورد 2015 على نظام عزل صوتي، بينما زوّدت داخلية أكورد 2015 بنظام i-MID كمواصفة أساسية (ستاندر)، مع شاشة قياس 8 إنش على لوحة العدادات لعرض معلومات السيارة ونظام الملاحة ولتشغيل الملفات الصوتية من الهاتف أو عبر منافذ USB بالإضافة إلى قرص صلب لتخزين المعلومات، وتحتوي كل نسخ هوندا أكورد 2015 على وسائد هوائية (ايرباج) أمامية وجانبية ونظام توزيع المكابح إلكترونياً مع نظام التحكم بتماسك العجلات، ومن مواصفات هوندا أكورد 2015 الإضافية هنالك حزمة كامل لتعديل الهيكل الخارجي، مع حواف أبواب مضيئة بمصابيح LED وخطوط كرومية من الخارج.
 هوندا أكورد نسخة XL :
تتضمن مواصفات هوندا أكورد 2015 نسخة XL (ستاندر) مع محرك 2.4 عجلة قيادة كهربائية مرنة (باور ستيرنج) ومرايا جانبية يتم التحكم بها بالكهرباء تحمل أضواء الالتفاف من نوع LED ، مع زجاج كهربائي وأضواء ضباب أمامية وأضواء خلفية من نوع ال أي دي، وإطارات (جنوط) قياس 16 إنش وفوهة عادم مزدوجة ونظام تكييف يدوي، بالإضافة إلى نظام صوتي من 6 سماعات ومشغل سي دي وام بي 3 و فرش قماشي.

وتشتمل مواصفات هوندا أكورد 2015 نسخة اكس ال (ستاندر) على نظام المكابح المانعة للانغلاق ABS و نظام تثبيت السرعة ونظام المحافظة على الثبات مع نظام مساعد لصعود التلال.

فيما تتوفر هوندا أكورد 2015 اكس ال في بعض الأسواق بفتحة سقف وإطارات من الألومنيوم قياس 17 إنش ولوحة تحكم تعمل باللمس.
 هوندا أكورد نسخة EX نص فل :
وتزيد مواصفات هوندا أكورد 2015 نسخة أي اكس مع محرك سعة 2.4 لترعلى المواصفات السابقة مع أضواء ضباب أمامية ومرايا جانبية تُطوى كهربائياً ونظام بلوتوث ونظام تكييف أوتوماتيكي ثنائي المناطق مع مقاعد جلدية ومقود مغطى بالجلد وستارة خلفية كهربائية وميزة الدخول والتشغيل بدون مفتاح ومرايا معتمة أوتوماتيكياً وحساسات ركن في الخلف ومقعد كهربائي للسائق .

كما يمكن طلب هوندا أكورد EX 2015 مع موصفات إضافية؛ مثل نظام ملاحة متطور وكاميرا الرجوع إلى الخلف وسبع سماعات للنظام الصوتي مع سماعة إضافية ومنافذ يو اس بي و AUX ومقعد كهربائي للراكب بجانب السائق .
 هوندا أكورد نسخة EX فل كامل :

نسخة هوندا أكورد أي اكس 2015 (مواصفات كاملة) فتتمتع بمحرك V6 الكبير مه جير مطور وعجلة قيادة خشبية وستائر تعتيم لزجاج الأبواب الخلفية، مع أضواء ال أي دي بالكامل وميزة جديد تسمى (LaneWatch) أو «مراقبة المسار» وتتضمن كاميرا تحت المرآة الجانبية اليمنى لتوفر إمكانية رؤية المنطقة العمياء على يميمن السيارة .

وعند اختيار حزمة سبورت يمكنك تطوير مواصفات هوندا أكورد 2015 ذات محرك 3.5 لتر بإضافة جنوط قياس 18 إنش، وبدالات يدوية صغيرة لتغيير السرعة خلف المقود ومقود جلدي .

معرض صور

مصادر

تقرير هوندا أكورد

هوندا أكورد
سيارات اخترعت في 1976
سيارات تجول
هوندا أكورد
هوندا أكورد
سيارات صنعت في الولايات المتحدة
سيارات عائلية صغيرة
هوندا أكورد
هوندا أكورد
سيارات عقد 1980
سيارات عقد 1990
سيارات عقد 2000
سيارات عقد 2010
سيارات عقد 2020
هوندا أكورد
أكورد
هوندا أكورد
مركبات ذات توجيه رباعي
مكونات السيارات الهجينة
هاتشباك

هوندا أكورد


Alicja Rosolska (født 1. december 1985) er en polsk tennisspiller. Hun repræsentere sit land under Sommer-OL 2012 i London, der blev hun slået ud i første runde i double.

Kilder

Eksterne Henvisninger

Tennisspillere fra Polen

Alicja Rosolska


İğciler, Balıkesir ilinin Bigadiç ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Balıkesir il merkezine 67 km, Bigadiç ilçesine 29 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Bigadiç'in mahalleleri

İğciler, Bigadiç


Miche es una empresa italiana de componentes para bicicletas  con sede en San Vendemiano en la provincia italiana de Treviso, que fue fundada por Ferdinando Michelin en 1909.

La línea de componentes de bicicleta Miche se centra principalmente en el ciclismo en carretera. La compañía también produce componentes para las ciclismo en pista y son los patrocinadores de equipo ciclista Miche.

Véase también
 Ciclismo
 BH (empresa)

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Sitio web oficial

Empresas fundadas en 1909
Fabricantes de componentes de bicicletas
Provincia de Treviso
Empresas de Italia

Miche (empresa)


Jorge Moya de la Torre Muñoz-Caravaca (Húmera, Madrid; 23 de abril de 1883-Madrid; 23 de agosto de 1933) fue un poeta, dramaturgo, maestro y periodista español. Era hijo de la maestra y activista Isabel Muñoz-Caravaca.

Biografía
Hijo de Isabel Muñoz-Caravaca López Acevedo y de Ambrosio Moya de la Torre, fue el pequeño de los tres hermanos de la familia. Aunque nació en el pueblecito madrileño de Húmera el 23 de abril de 1883 y falleció en Madrid el 23 de agosto de 1933, la mayor parte de su vida estuvo vinculada a Guadalajara.

En 1895 siguió a su madre hasta Atienza, donde ella tomó posesión de su plaza de maestra. Allí vivió hasta que en 1910 se trasladó a la ciudad de Guadalajara, donde más tarde se casó y donde siguió residiendo hasta 1931. Cursó estudios de Magisterio pero nunca ejerció como maestro, quizás por las desagradables experiencias de su madre, que siempre ejerció una marcada influencia sobre él. No por eso renunció a la vocación docente familiar y obtuvo una plaza de auxiliar de secretaría en la Junta Provincial de Instrucción Pública. Al proclamarse la II República Española, Rodolfo Llopis fue nombrado Director General de Primera Enseñanza y, necesitando un secretario particular tan capaz como afín a sus ideas, reclamó a Jorge Moya de la Torre, por indicación de Marcelino Martín González del Arco y Modesto Bargalló.

Fue así como Jorge Moya de la Torre, con su mujer y su hija, acabaron instalándose en un pequeño chalé de la madrileña calle de Viera y Clavijo, junto al parque del Retiro, renunciando a su puesto como oficial de la Secretaría de la Escuela Normal de Guadalajara y a una plaza como ayudante de la sección de Letras del instituto de Guadalajara.

Obra escrita
Aunque en su juventud siguió los pasos de su padre, y formó parte del Comité provincial del Partido Republicano Federal, se aproximó al Partido Socialista Obrero Español a partir de sus frecuentes colaboraciones periodísticas con la prensa obrera y progresista de la ciudad de Guadalajara. En 1902 dio a la imprenta sus primeros versos y relatos en Flores y Abejas, y de ahí pasó a La Alcarria Obrera y Juventud Obrera, portavoces de la Federación Local de Sociedades Obreras, y Avante, órgano de comunicación del PSOE de Guadalajara, aunque también se publicaron artículos con su firma en otras cabeceras provinciales como La Orientación y El Liberal Arriacense.

En 1925 pasó a escribir en El Socialista de Madrid, entonces dirigido por Andrés Saborit, donde comenzó publicando varios poemas cada semana dentro de una sección fija que se llamaba Trinos, y que luego se denominó Folías. Su última composición, Un brindis para Torija, se publicó el 16 de julio de 1933.

Autor de versos de inspiración popular y ecos machadianos, en 1932 publicó una selección de sus poemas en su libro Cármina, siendo también el autor de La razón del mal amor, una tragicomedia en tres actos editada en 1920 en Guadalajara. Dentro del ámbito profesional, escribió Contestaciones para las oposiciones de Secretario de Ayuntamientos: primer ejercicio. Breves lecciones de escritura al dictado con ejercicios prácticos y de composición.

Bibliografía
 Calero Delso, Juan Pablo. Isabel Muñoz Caravaca : mujer de un siglo que no ha llegado aún. Almud Ediciones. Ciudad Real, 2006.
 Martín Nájera, Aurelio (director). Diccionario biográfico del socialismo español. Fundación Pablo Iglesias. Madrid, 2010.

Referencias

Artistas de Guadalajara
Periodistas de España del siglo XX
Periodistas de Guadalajara
Poetas de España del siglo XX
Poetas de Castilla-La Mancha
Políticos del Partido Socialista Obrero Español
Fallecidos en Madrid

Jorge Moya de la Torre


Amancio Escapa Aparicio OCD (* 30. März 1938 in Cistierna, Spanien; † 5. Mai 2017) war ein spanischer Ordensgeistlicher und Weihbischof in Santo Domingo.

Leben
Amancio Escapa Aparicio trat der Ordensgemeinschaft der Unbeschuhten Karmeliten bei und empfing am 22. April 1962 die Priesterweihe.

Papst Johannes Paul II. ernannte ihn am 31. Mai 1996 zum Titularbischof von Cenae und Weihbischof in Santo Domingo. Der Erzbischof von Santo Domingo, Nicolás de Jesús Kardinal López Rodríguez, spendete ihm am 6. Juli desselben Jahres die Bischofsweihe; Mitkonsekratoren waren Juan Félix Pepén y Soliman, emeritierter Weihbischof in Santo Domingo, und François Robert Bacqué, Apostolischer Nuntius in der Dominikanischen Republik.

Papst Franziskus nahm am 4. Juli 2016 seinen altersbedingten Rücktritt an.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Bischof (20. Jahrhundert)
Titularbischof
Weihbischof
Karmelit (OCD)
Spanier
Geboren 1938
Gestorben 2017
Mann

Amancio Escapa Aparicio


Jean Ferrand († 11. November 1990) war ein französischer Eishockeytorwart und -funktionär.

Karriere
Jean Ferrand verbrachte seine Karriere als aktiver Spieler von 1945 bis 1956 als Torwart beim Gap Hockey Club. Von 1954 bis 1971 war er Vereinspräsident in Gap. Von 1970 bis 1983 war er Präsident des nationalen Eishockeykomitees bei der Internationalen Eishockey-Föderation IIHF. Anschließend war er bis zu seinem Tod sieben Jahre lang Präsident der Fédération française des sports de glace. Im Jahr 2008 gehörte er zu den ersten fünf Persönlichkeiten, die in den Temple de la renommée du hockey français aufgenommen wurden. Nach ihm ist zudem die Trophée Jean Ferrand benannt, die jährlich an den besten Torwart der Ligue Magnus, der höchsten französischen Eishockeyspielklasse, vergeben wird.

Weblinks
 Jean Ferrand bei hockeyfrance.com

Eishockeytorwart (Gap Hockey Club)
Eishockeyfunktionär (Frankreich)
Mitglied des Temple de la renommée du hockey français
Franzose
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 1990
Mann

Jean Ferrand


Leon-Aderemi Balogun (født 28. juni 1988 i Vestberlin, Vesttyskland), er en tysk/nigeriansk fodboldspiller (forsvarer), som spiller for Rangers i den bedste skotske liga (Premiership).

Klubkarriere
Balogun spillede de første mange år af sin karriere i Tyskland, hvor han blandt andet repræsenterede Hannover 96, Werder Bremen, Fortuna Düsseldorf og Mainz 05. I sommeren 2018 skiftede han til Premier League-klubben Brighton.

Landshold
Som født af nigerianske forældre i Tyskland kunne Balogun potentielt have repræsenteret både det tyske og det nigerianske landshold. Han debuterede for Nigeria 5. marts 2014 i en venskabskamp mod Mexico. Han var med i den nigerianske trup til VM 2018 i Rusland.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Tyskland
Fodboldspillere fra Nigeria
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 2018
Fodboldspillere fra Fortuna Düsseldorf
Fodboldspillere fra Brighton & Hove Albion F.C.
Fodboldspillere fra Mainz 05
Fodboldspillere fra Hannover 96
Fodboldspillere fra Werder Bremen
Personer fra Berlin

Leon Balogun


Árpád Orbán, né le  à Győr et mort le  à Győr, est un footballeur hongrois. Il évoluait au poste de défenseur.

Biographie

En club
Árpád Orbán est joueur du Győri ETO FC de 1959 à 1972.

Lors de la campagne de Coupe des clubs champions en 1964-1965, il dispute 8 matchs dont la double confrontation en demi-finale perdue contre le Benfica Lisbonne.

Il dispute également des campagnes de Coupe des vainqueurs de coupe  et une campagne de Coupe des villes de foire avec son club.

Il raccroche les crampons en 1972.

En compétitions européennes, il dispute au total 8 matchs pour aucun but inscrit en Coupe des clubs champions, 10 matchs pour un but marqué en Coupe des vainqueurs de coupe et 4 matchs pour aucun but inscrit en Coupe des villes de foire.

En équipe nationale
Árpád Orbán fait partie de l'équipe de Hongrie médaillée d'or aux Jeux olympiques 1964. Il dispute cinq matchs durant la compétition dont la finale contre la Tchécoslovaquie.

Palmarès

En sélection
 Hongrie
 Jeux olympiques (1) :
  Or : 1964.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Footballeur hongrois
Joueur du Győri ETO FC
Champion olympique hongrois
Footballeur aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1964
Naissance en mars 1938
Naissance à Győr
Décès en avril 2008
Décès à Győr
Décès à 70 ans

Árpád Orbán


ولا من شاف ولا من دري هو فيلم مصري (تاريخ العرض: 11 يوليو 1983) بطولة عادل إمام وإيمان ومعالي زايد وأحمد راتب ،

إخراج :نادر جلال
قصة وسيناريو وحوار: فاروق صبري
تصوير: غنيم بهنسي
مونتاج: علوي زايد
موسيقى: محمد علي سليمان
إنتاج: الأخوة المتحدين للسينما

أحداث الفيلم
يتقابل مرسي مع سلوى أيام الجامعة التي تدير منزلها للدعارة وتخفي عنه، تتزايد العلاقة بينهما، تستغل سلوى سذاجة مرسي فتقنعه أنه اعتدى عليها وهو مخمور لتضغط عليه ليتزوجها فهي حامل، تنهار زوجته باتعة، يكتشف مرسي حقيقة سلوى، يموت والده من الصدمة، يفاجأ مرسي بزوجته في حجرة نومها مع عشيقها فيقتلهما، يُحكم عليه بالبراءة لدفاعه عن شرفه ويعود إلى زوجته باتعة .

أفلام عادل إمام

ولا من شاف ولا من دري (فيلم)


An Carex tribuloides in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Göran Wahlenberg. An Carex tribuloides in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carex, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 C. t. sangamonensis
 C. t. tribuloides

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Carex

Carex tribuloides


Red Bull GmbH er en østrigsk virksomhed, hvis hovedprodukt er energidrikken Red Bull. Den blev etableret i 1984, og havde ved udgangen af 2020 omkring 12.618 ansatte i 171 lande.

Historie
Den østrigske iværksætter Dietrich Mateschitz blev under en forretningsrejse til Thailand, opmærksom på energidrikken Krating Daeng, som i 1976 var blevet introduceret på det asiatiske marked af TC Pharmaceuticals, ejet af forretningsmanden Chaleo Yoovidhya. Efter nogle møder blev de enige om at introducere drikken i Europa. Mateschitz og Yoovidhya puttede hver 500.000 US-dollar i et nyt selskab, og stiftede i 1984 selskabet Red Bull i den østrigske by Fuschl am See. De fik hver 49% af aktierne i selskabet, mens Chaleo Yoovidhyas søn Chalerm fik de sidste to procent. Det blev samtidig bestemt at Dietrich Mateschitz skulle styre virksomheden.

Smagen fra Krating Daeng blev videreudviklet til det vestlige marked, og i 1987 kunne man i Østrig introducere energidrikken Red Bull. Red Bull er nu bedst sælgende energidrik i verden, med 7,9 mia. solgte dåser i 2020.

Mærker
Udover energidrikken Red Bull, har Red Bull GmbH en række andre mærker, som eksempelvis Sabai Wine Spritzer, Red Bull Cola og serien Carpe Diem.

Markedsføring

Virksomheden er kendt for at bruge en lang række sportsgrene til markedsføring af dets produkter. Blandt andet ejer man flere sportshold, og mesterskaber, ligesom en lang række kendte personer er sponsoreret af Red Bull.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Etableret i 1984

Red Bull GmbH


El arroyo Mataojito es un curso de agua uruguayo que atraviesa el departamento de  Salto perteneciente a la cuenca hidrográfica del Río de la Plata.

Nace en la Cuchilla de las Cañas y desemboca en el río Arapey.

Referencias

Mataojito
Mataojito
Mataojito

Arroyo Mataojito


Ashura (, , ) is a day of commemoration in Islam. It occurs annually on the tenth of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. For Sunni Muslims, Ashura marks the parting of the Red Sea by Moses and the salvation of the Israelites. Also on this day, Noah disembarked from the Ark, God forgave Adam, and Joseph was released from prison, among various other auspicious events on Ashura in Sunni tradition. Ashura is celebrated in Sunni Islam through supererogatory fasting and other acceptable expressions of joy. In some Sunni communities, the annual Ashura festivities include carnivals, bonfires, and special dishes, even though some Sunni scholars have criticized such practices.

By contrast, for Shia Muslims, Ashura is a day of mourning as they annually commemorate the death of Husayn ibn Ali, grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the third Shia imam. Husayn refused on moral grounds to pledge his allegiance to the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya () and was subsequently killed, alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, by the Umayyad army in the Battle of Karbala on Ashura 61 AH (680 CE). Among the Shia minority, mourning for Husayn is viewed as an act of protest against oppression, a struggle for God, and a means of securing the intercession of Husayn in the afterlife. Ashura is observed through mourning gatherings, processions, and dramatic reenactments. In such ceremonies, Shia mourners strike their chests to share in the pain of Husayn. Extreme self-flagellation, often involving self-inflicted bloodshed, remains controversial among the Shia, condemned by many Shia clerics, and outlawed in some Shia communities. Ashura has sometimes been an occasion for sectarian violence, particularly against the Shia minority.

Etymology
 is an Aramaic word meaning 'tenth'. It may have also been derived from the Syriac words  or . It shares the same root as the Hebrew word 'āsōr. In Arabic, Ashura refers to the tenth day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar, a month in which fighting has been forbidden since before the advent of Islam.

Ashura in Sunni Islam

Origins
Fasting on Ashura was likely a Jewish practice adopted by the Islamic prophet Muhammad after his arrival in the city of Medina in 622 CE, perhaps signifying Muhammad's sense of a shared prophetic mission with Moses. Although it remained optional, fasting on Ashura ceased to be a religious obligation after about a year when the relations with the Medinan Jews deteriorated. This transition is often associated with verses 2:183–5 of the Quran, the central religious text in Islam, which explicitly designate Ramadan as the month of fasting. It also seems improbable that Ashura initially coincided with the tenth of Muharram. Instead, Ashura was probably observed at first on the tenth of the first Jewish month of Tishrei, known as Yom Kippur (). The association of Ashura with the tenth of Muharram thus happened later, some time after the Jewish and Muslim calendars diverged. In turn, the calendars began to diverge when Muhammad forbade Jewish-type calendar adjustments in connection with verse 4:37 of the Quran.

A similar origin story for Ashura appears in some Sunni traditions. Alternatively, there are traditions in canonical Sunni collections that describe fasting on Ashura as a pre-Islamic practice among the Quraysh tribe, in which Muhammad also partook while he was in Mecca. Some early Sunni traditions, many classified as unreliable, possibly invented by the Umayyads (), link Ashura to various auspicious events: On this day, Moses parted the Red Sea, Noah disembarked from the Ark, God forgave Adam, Joseph was released from prison, Jesus, Abraham, and Adam were born, Muhammad was conceived, and Jonah was freed from the fish that had swallowed him. Fasting on the ninth of Muharram, known as Tasu'a, was a later addition, probably to distinguish Muslims from Jews.

Customs

In Sunni Islam, ninth and tenth of Muharram are days for voluntary fasting, strongly encouraged by Sunni jurists. While not endorsed by all Sunni scholars, Ashura is further viewed as a day of thanksgiving () to God, a joyous occasion, celebrated through pious acts and acceptable expressions of delight. Ashura is thus an important festival for many Sunnis, in contrast to the Shia, who mourn on this day the slaughter of Muhammad's grandson, Husayn ibn Ali, and his small retinue in the Battle of Karbala in 680. Such Sunni festivities either developed in response to Shia customs on Ashura or with the influence of pre-Islamic traditions. In line with the former view, under the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (), Ashura was celebrated as a festive public holiday to counter the commemoration of Husayn. The Abbasid caliph al-Qadir () did so too in Baghdad, Iraq. Another instance is the reenactment by a Sunni mob of the Battle of the Camel (656) against Ali ibn Abi Talib, the first Shia imam, in the Buyid-era Baghdad on Ashura 973.

Whatever the case is for their origins, such festivities were firmly established by the time of the Sunni jurist Ibn Taymiyya (), to whom a questioner wrote, observing that people are joyful on Ashura; they bathe, adorn themselves, shake hands with each other, and cook grains. In the Maghreb, for instance, Ashura is celebrated today through fasting, almsgiving, honoring the dead, special dishes, jumping over bonfires, and carnivals. Nevertheless, particularly in South Asia, some Sunnis participated in the Shia rituals on Ashura, at least until modern times. Sufis also commonly commemorated the death of Husayn, more so in the earlier times, despite its variance with the views of the Sunni elite. For Sufis, rather than a tragedy, Ashura celebrates the eternal life of Husayn and his companions, who annihilated themselves in the Divine with their martyrdom.

Ibn Taymiyya
In response to an inquiry about their legal basis, Ibn Taymiyya rejects both mourning and rejoicing on Ashura because, he contends, neither was practiced by Muhammad. Ibn Taymiyya does, however, encourage fasting on Ashura to emulate Muhammad. The Islamicist M. Katz questions the judgment of Ibn Taymiyya for not taking into account the Sunni reports that Muhammad fasted to celebrate Ashura. Insofar as fasting is a joyous expression of thanking God for a past boon, she also argues that perhaps other joyous expressions of pious gratitude should also be allowed on Ashura. Katz thus criticizes Ibn Taymiyya for his selective reading of hadith literature, adding that he has stripped fasting of its higher meaning.

Ashura in Shia Islam

Battle of Karbala

In Shia Islam, Ashura commemorates the death of Husayn ibn Ali, Muhammad's grandson and the third Shia imam. Husayn was killed, alongside most of his male relatives and his small retinue, on 10 Muharram 61 AH (10 October 680) in the Battle of Karbala against the army of the Umayyad caliph Yazid ibn Mu'awiya (), having been surrounded for some days and deprived of the drinking water of the nearby Euphrates river. After the battle, the women and children in Husayn's camp were taken prisoner and marched to the capital Damascus in Syria. The battle followed failed negotiations and Husayn's refusal to pledge his allegiance to Yazid, who is often portrayed by Muslim historians as impious and immoral. The fight took place in the desert land of Karbala, en route to the nearby Kufa, whose residents had invited Husayn to lead them against Yazid.

Significance

Ashura is a day of mourning and grief for Shia Muslims. It was observed as such by their imams, who also frequently encouraged the Shia community to follow suit. For instance, a tradition attributed to the Shia imam Ali al-Rida () describes Ashura as a day of grieving and somber resignation from material affairs. Shia tradition also dismisses as fabricated those Sunni hadiths that mark Ashura as a joyful occasion. Indeed, traditions attributed to the Shia imams forbid fasting on this day, and promise eternal punishment for those who celebrate Ashura as a day of blessing.

In Shia Islam, Karbala symbolizes the eternal struggle between good and evil, the pinnacle of self-sacrifice, and the ultimate sabotage of Muhammad's prophetic mission. Historically, the event served to crystallize the Shia community into a distinct sect and remains an integral part of their religious identity to date. On the one hand, mourners share in the pain of Husayn and hope to benefit from his intercession on the Day of Judgement. On the other, they view mourning for Husayn as an act of protest against oppression, a struggle for God (), and as such an act of worship.

Rituals

In addition to pilgrimage to the shrine of Husayn, located in Karbala, Iraq, Shia Muslims annually commemorate the events of Karbala throughout the months of Muharram and Safar. Most rituals take place during the first ten days of Muharram, culminating on Ashura with processions in major Shia cities. The main component of ritual ceremonies (,  ) is the narration of the stories of Karbala (, ), and the recitation of elegies and dirges (, , ), all intended to raise the sympathy of audience and move them to tears. A  often takes place in a dedicated building or structure, known variously as , , , or . Another component of mourning gatherings is the self-flagellation of participants to the rhythm of Karbala elegies. Rooted in ancient Arab practices, mild forms of self-flagellation, that is, striking one's face and chest in grief (, , ), are common today in Shia communities. But there are also extreme forms of self-flagellation (, , ), in which the participants strike themselves, usually on the forehead or back, with knives, swords, or chains to which razor blades are attached. Banned in Iran and the Shia communities of Lebanon since the mid-90s, instrumental self-flagellation has been condemned by many Shia clerics, and it remains an often controversial practice among the Shia.

Another mourning ritual is the dramatic reenactment of Karbala narratives (, ), practiced today in Iran, in the western Gulf shore, and in Lebanon. On Ashura, always the "martyrdom of Husayn" is reenacted in such performances. In Karbala, an annual performance on Ashura reenacts the burning of Husayn's tents after the battle by the Umayyads and the captivity of the women and children. During Muharram, especially on Ashura, processions of mourners (, ) march the streets, chanting dirges and elegies, sometimes accompanied by self-flagellation. For instance, in the  march in Karbala, male and then female mourners walk barefoot to the shrine of Husayn in the afternoon of Ashura. Depending on the region, processions carry symbolic objects, such as  (),  (), , and tadjah.  represents the ensign of Husayn in Karbala, while the last three objects symbolize his bier or tomb.

Terrorist attacks during Ashura

Ashura has sometimes been an occasion for Sunni violence against Shia Muslims, who are often a minority in Muslim communities. In India, for instance, the Sunni activist Ahmad Barelvi () preached against Ashura rituals and, probably with some exaggeration, boasted of destroying thousands of s, which are buildings dedicated to ritual mourning. Some terrorist attacks against Ashura services are listed below.
 1940: Bomb thrown at an Ashura procession, Delhi, India, 21 February.
 1994: Bomb explosion in the Imam Reza shrine, Mashhad, Iran, 20 June, 20 people killed.
 2004: Bomb explosions, Karbala and Najaf, Iraq, 2 March, over 180 Shia worshipers killed and 5000 injured.
 2008: Two separate attacks on Ashura processions, Iraq, 19 January, 9 people killed.
 2009: Bomb explosion in an Ashura procession, Karachi, Pakistan, 28 December, 43 people killed and 60 injured.
 2011: Multiple bomb explosions in Ashura processions, Central Iraq, 6 December, 30 people killed.
 2011: Two separate bomb explosions among Ashura mourners, Kabul, Afghanistan, 6 December, 80 people killed and 160 injured.
 2015: Bomb explosions in a mosque, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 24 October, one worshipper killed and 80 injured.

In the Gregorian calendar
Ashura, tenth of Muharram in the Islamic calendar, corresponds to a different day every year in the Gregorian calendar.

Gallery

See also

Footnotes

References

Further reading

Shia days of remembrance
Islamic holy days
Mourning of Muharram
Islamic terminology
History of Islam
Family of Muhammad

Hussainiya
Ashura
Sufism in Algeria
Public holidays in Algeria
Festivals in Algeria
History of Shia Islam

Ashura


Emerson de Andrade Santos (født 23. april 1980) er en brasiliansk fodboldspiller.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Brasilien

Emerson de Andrade Santos


An Stelis xerophila in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Schltr., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Soto Arenas. An Stelis xerophila in nahilalakip ha genus nga Stelis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Stelis (Orchidaceae)

Stelis xerophila


Čabraji je malo umjetno jezero u Hrvatskoj. Nalazi se ispod Kalnika, 9 km sjeveroistočno od Križevaca. Dobilo je ime po naselju Čabraji. Ima površinu 8 hektara.

Izvori

Jezera u Hrvatskoj

Čabraji (jezero)


Gillette is an American brand of safety razors and other personal care products.

Gillette may also refer to:

Places in the United States
 Gillette, New Jersey, an unincorporated community
 Gillette, Wyoming, a city
 Gillette, Florida, an unincorporated community
 Gillette Historic District, a residential historic district and neighborhood in Tulsa, Oklahoma

People
 Gillette (surname)
 Gillette (singer), American singer and rapper Sandra Gillette (born 1974)
 Gillette (wrestler), a ring name of Japanese professional wrestler Yohei Fujita

Other uses
 Gillette Stadium, a stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts, United States
 Gillette station, a railway station in Long Hill Township, New Jersey, United States
 Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare, a hospital in St. Paul, Minnesota, United States
 , two United States Navy destroyer escorts
 Lieutenant Gillette (Pirates of the Caribbean), a recurring character in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series
 Gillette, a nonstandard unit of measurement for the penetration ability of a laser

See also
 Gilette, a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department of France
 Gillett (disambiguation)
 Penn Jillette

Gillette (disambiguation)


داء دودة غينيا أو داء التنينات أو التنينية  ويسمى أيضاً داء الدودة الغينية أو داء الديدان الدراكونية  أو داء ديدان القبيعة أو مرض دودة غينيا (GWD) أو العرق المدني أو دودة المدينة هو عدوى بواسطة دودة غينيا. يصاب الشخص بالعدوى عند شرب الماء الذي يحتوي على براغيث الماء المصابة بـ يرقة دودة غينيا. في البداية لا توجد أعراض. بعد حوالي سنة، ينشأ لدى الشخص إحساس بالتهاب مؤلم كما تشكل الدودة الأنثى بثرة في الجلد، عادةً على الأطراف السفلية. بعد ذلك تخرج الدودة عن طريق الجلد على مدى بضعة أسابيع. خلال هذا الوقت، قد يكون من الصعب على الشخص المشي أو العمل. وإنه من غير المألوف للغاية أن يؤدي هذا المرض إلى الوفاة.

حتى وقت قريب كان يعتبر البشر والبراغيث المائية (العملاق) الحيوانات الوحيدة التي يصيبها هذا الطفيلي. وقد تبين أن البابون والقطط والكلاب والضفادع والقرموط (سينودونتيس) يمكن أيضا أن يصاب بشكل طبيعي. يبلغ عرض الدودة حوالي 1-2 ملم والأنثى البالغة يبلغ طولها من 60 إلى 100 سنتيمتر (الذكور أقصر من ذلك بكثير). خارج البشر يمكن للبيض أن يعيش ما يصل إلى ثلاثة أسابيع. ويجب أن تؤكل عن طريق براغيث الماء قبل هذا. ويمكن لليرقة داخل براغيث الماء البقاء على قيد الحياة لمدة تصل إلى أربعة أشهر. وبالتالي هذا المرض يجب أن يحدث كل عام في البشر ليبقى في المنطقة. يمكن عادة تشخيص المرض بناءً على علامات وأعراض المرض.

تكون الوقاية عن طريق التشخيص المبكر للمرض ومن ثم منع الشخص من وضع الجرح في مياه الشرب. وتشمل الجهود الأخرى: تحسين فرص الحصول على المياه النظيفة وخلاف ذلك تصفية المياه إذا لم تكن نظيفة. والتصفية عبر قطعة قماش يكون غالباً كاف. يمكن معالجة مياه الشرب الملوثة بمادة كيميائية تسمى تيميفوس لقتل اليرقة. لا يوجد أي دواء أو لقاح ضد هذا المرض. قد يمكن إزالة الدودة ببطء على مدى بضعة أسابيع عن طريق لفها على عصا. القرحات التي تسببها الدودة الخارجة قد تصاب بالبكتيريا. قد يستمر الألم لعدة أشهر بعد أن يتم إزالة الدودة.

في عام 2013 تم تسجيل 148 حالة مصابة بهذا المرض. وهذا منخفضاً من 3.5 مليون حالة في عام 1986. ويوجد هذا المرض فقط في 4 بلدان في أفريقيا، بانخفاض من 20 بلداً في الثمانينات. البلد الأكثر تضرراً هو جنوب السودان. وسيكون على الأرجح أول مرض طفيلي يتم القضاء عليه. وقد عرف مرض دودة غينيا منذ العصور القديمة. وقد ذكر في بردية ايبرس الطبية المصرية، التي يعود تاريخها إلى 1550 قبل الميلاد. يشتق اسم داء التنينات من اللاتينية «إصابة بالتنانين الصغيرة»، في حين أن اسم «دودة غينيا» ظهر بعد أن رأى الأوروبيون المرض على ساحل غينيا بـ غرب أفريقيا في القرن السابع عشر. وهناك أنواع مماثلة لدودة غينيا تسبب المرض في الحيوانات الأخرى. وهذه الديدان لا يبدو أنها تصيب البشر. ويصنف على أنه مرض مداري مهمل.

معرض الصور

مراجع

أمراض ديدانية
أمراض طفيلية
أمراض مدارية
أمراض معدية مع جهود لاستئصالها
أمراض معدية نادرة
أمراض منقولة بالماء
أمراض مهملة
أمراض نادرة
عدوى طفيلية ولسعات وعضات للجلد

داء دودة غينيا


ريموند إدوارد براون (باللاتينية Raymond Edward Brown) قس كاثوليكي أمريكي وعالم كتاب اختص في 'الجماعة اليوحنوية' المفترضة والتي قال إنها ساهمت بتأليف إنجيل يوحنا. كتب عدة دراسات مهمة عن حياة وموت يسوع. كان أستاذا فخريا في معهد ديني بروتستانتي حيث درّس فيه 23 سنة.

وهو شخصية جدلية عند الكاثوليكيين التقليديين لأنهم ادعوا أنه رفض عصمة كل الكتاب المقدس وأنه شكك في الدقة التاريخية لعدة بنود من الإيمان الكاثوليكي. اعتبر شخص وسط في الدراسات الكتابية حيث عارض الحرفية الموجودة عند عدة مسيحيين أصوليين ولم يذهب بعيدا باستنتاجاته كما فعل آخرون.

كتبه
له 25 كتابا في الدراسات الكتابية منها
 The Sensus Plenior of Sacred Scripture, Baltimore: St. Mary's University, 1955: His dissertation in Partial fulfillment of his Doctor of Sacred Theology
 Birth of the Messiah 1998, with a reappraisal of the الأناجيل المنتحلةs
 Death of the Messiah
 New Jerome Biblical Commentary, (editor), 1990
 Mary and the New Testament
 Peter in the New Testament
 The Community of the Beloved Disciple, New York: Paulist Press, 1979
 "The Gospel According to John", in Anchor Bible, 1966 and 1970
 The Critical Meaning of the Bible, New York: Paulist Press, 1981
 Responses to 101 Questions on the Bible, New York: Paulist Press, 1991, ISBN 0-8091-4251-1
 An Introduction to the New Testament, 1996

مواقع خارجية

 Raymond E Brown
 Biblical Theology Bulletin  obituary notice
 A Wayward Turn in Biblical Theory Msgr. George A. Kelly, (1999). Critical of Brown and of the academic viewpoint he represented.

مراجع

خريجو الجامعة الكاثوليكية بأمريكا
خريجو جامعة جونز هوبكينز
رجال دين من مدينة نيويورك
علماء الكتاب المقدس أمريكيون
قساوسة رومان كاثوليك أمريكيون
كرستولوجيا
كهنة كاثوليك رومان في القرن العشرين
مخطوطات البحر الميت
مدفونون في كاليفورنيا
مفسرو الكتاب المقدس
مواليد 1928
مواليد في نيويورك
وفيات 1998
وفيات في مينلو بارك (كاليفورنيا)

ريموند إدوارد براون


Slim Goodbody ("the Superhero of Health", also known as Mr. Goodbody) is a fictional character created and performed by John Burstein. Burstein created the character in 1975. He performs wearing a sometimes white, sometimes peach colored unitard with various tissues, organs and organ systems painted in biologically-accurate locations and sizes. Each costume costs $4,000.

John Burstein

Burstein was born on December 25, 1949, in Mineola, New York, and grew up in Lawrence, Nassau County, New York. While working at The Floating Hospital in New York City he began writing songs and skits to entertain the children there and to teach them about anatomy and the workings of the human body. He eventually added an organ-painted body suit to the design, dubbing his alter-ego "Slim Goodbody".

Burstein lives with his wife, Chrissy, in a lakeside home in Lincolnville, Maine. They have two sons, Devin and Luke.

Burstein's sister, Karen Burstein, is a former New York state senator and judge.

Career
Burstein soon took his character outside the hospital. In his earliest days, he mainly did personal appearances and guest spots on shows such as The Today Show and Good Morning America. His skits also focused on exercise, personal hygiene, and nutrition. Between 1976 and 1981 he appeared twice a week on the CBS show Captain Kangaroo.

Slim Goodbody eventually received his own television series in 1980, Inside Story on PBS. The program mainly consisted of Burstein's live-show Slim Goodbody sketches, though other children's show celebrities such as Captain Kangaroo would sometimes make guest appearances. The show soon became the station's second-highest rated program, and Burstein landed roles on other stations, including Nickelodeon. Since then, Slim Goodbody has featured in several other series, as well. At one point Slim Goodbody began making educational shorts on such subjects as the fear of visiting a hospital, amongst others. One of these shorts featured Burstein's son, Devin, as a child learning about hospitals as he overcomes his fears of an upcoming operation.

Beginning in 1982, the character has also appeared in books published by McGraw-Hill, Putnam, and Fairview Press. A series of educational shorts featuring Burstein's character were produced in 1985. Titled, Well, Well, Well! with Slim Goodbody, these were aimed for school children grades K-4.

In 2014, Slim Goodbody appeared in a Radio Shack commercial advertisement during the Super Bowl XLVIII.

Over the years, Slim Goodbody has also addressed child obesity, bullying, personal safety, self-esteem, literacy and environmentalism.

Today, Burstein tours the United States and Canada dressed as Slim Goodbody and performing in Bodyology. School-based shows, performed by other actors, include Musical Health Show and Lighten Up!

Burstein and his Goodbody programs have won numerous awards including the Parents' Choice Award and the Healthy American Fitness Leader Award.

Publications
Burstein has written a number of small, informational children's books (as Slim Goodbody) including:
 Slim Goodbody, the Inside Story
 The Mind (Wonderful you)
 The Astounding Nervous System: How Does My Brain Work?
 Can We Get Along?: Dealing With Differences (2009)

Records
 1974 The Inside Story, re-released in 1981 on Caedmon Records

Television appearances
 Captain Kangaroo (1976-1980)
 The Adventures of Slim Goodbody in Nutri-City (1978)
 The Inside Story with Slim Goodbody (1980)
 Slim Goodbody's "Top 40 Health Hits" (1981-1982)
 Body Builders (1985)
 All Fit with Slim Goodbody (1985)
 Well, Well, Well! with Slim Goodbody (1985)
 The Outside Story with Slim Goodbody (1991)
 The Before Tour (1991)
 Step-By-Step (1994)
 Slim Goodbody's PSA National Dairy Board (1994)
 Get Ready to Read (1995)
 Music City Tonight, 1 episode (1995)
 Gun Safety (1998)
 Goodbodies (1999)
 U.S. That's Us! (2001)
 I'm Safe on Wheels (2002)
 Life Skills 101 (2003)
 X-Power (2003)
 Daily Deskercise (2006)
 Daily Almanac (2007)
 Health Tips (2008)
 Oddities, as customer (2013)
 RadioShack: "The '80s Called" (2014)
 Kids Guide To COVID-19 (2020)

References

External links

Children's television characters
Health education television series
Mascots introduced in 1975
People from Lawrence, Nassau County, New York
People from Mineola, New York
Male characters in advertising

Slim Goodbody


Karen Georgieviç Şahnazarov (Rusça:Карен Георгиевич Шахназаров) (8 Haziran, 1952, Krasnodar, Rusya) Rus film yapımcısı, yönetmen ve senaryo yazarı. 1998 yılında Mosfilm stüdyolarının genel müdürü olmuştur.

Şahnazarov ayrıca ünlü Ermeni politikacı Georgi Şahnazarov'un oğludur.

Dış bağlantılar
   filmografi

1952 doğumlular
Sovyet yönetmenler
20. yüzyıl Rus yazarları
21. yüzyıl Rus yazarları
Rus film yönetmenleri
Rus film yapımcıları
Mosfilm
Yaşayan insanlar

Karen Şahnazarov


The University of Tasmania (UTAS) is a public research university, primarily located in Tasmania, Australia. Founded in 1890, it is Australia's fourth oldest university. Christ College, one of the university's residential colleges, first proposed in 1840 in Lieutenant-Governor Sir John Franklin's Legislative Council, was modelled on the Oxford and Cambridge colleges, and was founded in 1846, making it the oldest tertiary institution in the country. The university is a sandstone university, a member of the international Association of Commonwealth Universities, and the Association of Southeast Asian Institutions of Higher Learning.

The university offers various undergraduate and graduate programs in a range of disciplines, and has links with 20 specialist research institutes and co-operative research centres. Its Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies has strongly contributed to the university's multiple 5 rating scores (well above world standard) for excellence in research awarded by the Australian Research Council. The university also delivers tertiary education at the Australian Maritime College, the national centre for maritime education, training and research.

The University has also demonstrated strong outcomes on climate change, sustainability, and resource management, earning it a high global ranking in the Times Higher Education Impact Ratings in 2022 and 2023. UTAS's initiatives include climate-focused research, offering over 100 courses with climate-focused units, low-carbon energy use in new campus developments, divesting from fossil fuels, and a commitment to carbon neutrality, which has been certified by Climate Active since 2016.

History

Founding and early years (1890–1938)

The University of Tasmania was established on 1 January 1890, after the abolition of overseas scholarships freed up funds. It immediately took over the role of the Tasmanian Council for Education. Richard Deodatus Poulett Harris, who had long advocated for the establishment of the university, became its first warden of the senate. The first degrees to graduates admitted ad eundem gradum and diplomas were awarded in June 1890. The university was offered an ornate sandstone building on the Queens Domain in Hobart, previously the High School of Hobart, though it was leased by others until mid-1892. This eventually became known as University House. Three lecturers began teaching 11 students from 22 March 1893, once University House had been renovated. Parliamentarians branding it an unnecessary luxury made the university's early existence precarious. The institution's encouragement of female students fuelled criticism. James Backhouse Walker, a local lawyer and briefly vice-chancellor, mounted a courageous defence.

According to Chancellor Sir John Morris, from 1918 until 1939 the institution still 'limped along'. Distinguished staff had already been appointed, such as historian William Jethro Brown, physicists and mathematicians Alexander McAulay and his son Alexander Leicester McAulay, classicist RL Dunbabin, and philosopher and polymath Edmund Morris Miller. Housed in the former Hobart High School, facilities were totally outgrown, but the state government was slow to fund a new campus.

In 1914 the university petitioned King George V for Letters Patent, which request he granted. The Letters Patent, sometimes called the Royal Charter, granted the university's degrees status as equivalent to the established universities of the United Kingdom, where such equivalents existed.

World War II (1939–45)
During the Second World War, while the Optical Munitions Annexe assisted the war effort, local graduates, replacing soldier academics, taught a handful of students. New post-war staff, many with overseas experience, pressed for removal to adequate facilities at Sandy Bay on an old rifle range. Chancellor Sir John Morris, also Chief Justice, though a dynamic reformer, antagonised academics by his authoritarianism. Vice-Chancellor Torliev Hytten, an eminent economist, saw contention peak while the move to Sandy Bay was delayed. In a passionate open letter to the premier, Philosophy Professor Sydney Orr goaded the government into establishing the 1955 Royal Commission into the university. The commission's report demanded extensive reform of both university and governing council. Staff were delighted, while lay administrators fumed.

Post-war years (1946–1964)

On 10 May 1949, the university awarded its first Doctor of Philosophy to Joan Munro Ford. Ford worked as a research biologist in the University of Tasmania's Department of Physics between 1940 and 1950.

In early 1956 Orr was summarily dismissed, mainly for his alleged though denied seduction of a student. A ten-year battle involved academics in Australia and overseas. Orr lost an unfair dismissal action in the Supreme Court of Tasmania and the High Court of Australia. The Tasmanian Chair of Philosophy was boycotted. In 1966 Orr received some financial compensation from the university, which also established a cast-iron tenure system. The latter disappeared with the federal reorganisation of higher education in the late 1980s.

In the early 1960s The University of Tasmania at last transferred to a purpose-built new campus at Sandy Bay, though many departments were initially housed in ex-World War II wooden huts. It profited from increasing federal finance following the 1957 Murray Report. Medical and Agricultural Schools were established and the sciences obtained adequate laboratories. Physics achieved world recognition in astronomy (optical, radio and cosmic rays), while other departments attracted good scholars and graduates were celebrated in many fields. Student facilities improved remarkably.

Mergers and the "new" university (1965–99)

The 1965 Martin Report established a traditional role for universities, and a more practical role for colleges of advanced education. The Tasmanian Government duly created the Tasmanian College of Advanced Education (TCAE) in 1966 sited on Mount Nelson above the university. It initially incorporated The School of Art, the Conservatorium of Music and the Hobart Teachers College. In 1971, a Launceston campus of the TCAE was announced. These were fateful decisions, as events over the next years showed. It was argued that the TCAE attempted to compete with the university, not complement it.

In 1978 the University of Tasmania took over two of the courses offered by the TCAE in Hobart, Pharmacy and Surveying, following a report by Professor Karmel, and another by H.E. Cosgrove. Some other TCAE courses in Hobart moved to Launceston. The curious situation of three separate courses in teacher education in the State could not last, however, and following two more reports, the university incorporated the remaining courses of the Hobart campus of the College of Advanced Education in 1981, which raised its numbers to 5000. The Launceston campus of the TCAE renamed itself the Tasmanian State Institute of Technology (TSIT).

In 1987, the University Council resolved to approach the TSIT to negotiate a merger to minimise ongoing conflict. The 'Dawkins Revolution' and the 'unified national system' provided later support for this initiative. The Tasmanian State Institute of Technology became the Newnham Campus of the university on 1 January 1991, exactly 101 years after the university's founding. A new campus at Burnie on the North-West Coast of Tasmania was opened in 1995, and later became known as the Cradle Coast Campus.

21st century

In 2001, the Tasmania Law Reform Institute (TLRI) was established to create a link between institutional law reform in the State created by the demise of first the Tasmanian Law Reform Commission in 1989, and then its replacement, the Tasmanian Law Reform Commissioner in 1997. The new institutes model was based on the Alberta Law Reform Institute, an agency based  on an agreement between the Canadian province of Alberta, the Law Society, and the University of Alberta and funded primarily by the Government and the Law Society of Alberta. The TLRI has been used as a template for the establishment of similar institutes at the University of Adelaide with the South Australian Law Reform Institute and in the Australian Capital Territory.

Damian Bugg became the university's chancellor in 2006, having previously served as a member of the University Council since 2001. Bugg was an alumnus of the university who studied law and resided at John Fisher College where he was president. While chancellor, he also served as Commonwealth Director of Public Prosecutions. That year the university opened two satellite campuses in Sydney, offering nursing and paramedic education in partnership with local hospitals and health services such as St Vincent's Hospital.

The Australian Maritime College (AMC) merged with the university in 2008. The merger helped streamline degree programs and improved provision of basic services at the combined Newnham campus.

The university formed the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) in 2010 to help integrate the Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studied and the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, as well as the universities existing marine and Antarctic facility.

The Greenhill Observatory which houses a 1.27 meter optical telescope was opened in 2013 to replace the previous observatory at Canopus Hill, near Hobart. The observatory joined the universities two other observatories including the Mount Pleasant Radio Observatory and Ceduna Radio Observatory in Ceduna, South Australia.

Move to the city
In 2019, the University of Tasmania announced its intention to move from its Sandy Bay campus and into the Central Business District of Hobart. As part of the plan, on 8 April 2019, UTAS acquired the K&D Warehouse along Melville Street, adding to the number of university buildings within the city centre. The warehouse was initially intended for accommodation, but following the release of the Draft Masterplan in May 2021, would be proposed as the new site for Engineering and Technology.

In 2018 the University bought the Forestry building a heritage-listed complex situated at 79–93 Melville Street, Hobart. The University reported in January 2023 that the Forestry building "will be restored and given new life as an inner-city hub for the learning, research and collaboration over the next two years". The project will also restore the living forest to the dome.

The masterplan includes targets for increased sustainability, community involvement, and better methods of transport into the CBD. The new city university precincts consist of West End, Midtown, Domain, Medical Precinct, and Wapping, with the old Sandy Bay campus to be transformed into a "world-leading example of a sustainable urban community". The transition is expected to take place over the next 10 years, with a priority placed on student and community satisfaction. The move to the city has attracted significant community opposition which has culminated in an elector poll being held on the issue in October 2022 at the same time as the Tasmanian local government elections. 74.38% of polled electors voted against the University's proposal to relocate.

Campuses

The university has three main campuses based in Hobart, Launceston and Burnie. It also has a number of small, specialist facilities within the College of Health and Medicine at its Darlinghurst and Rozelle campuses in  Sydney.  It also has a joint research facility at the city's Australian National Maritime Museum in Pyrmont.

Southern

Hobart

 Tasmanian Conservatorium of Music (the Conservatorium of Music campus is no longer a public building; access to the premises by the public, students and staff is restricted).
Medical Sciences Precinct in the inner city that encompasses the College of Health and Medicine and the Menzies Institute for Medical Research.

 School of Creative Arts & Media based in the converted Jones & Co. IXL jam factory on Hobart's waterfront the campus hosts students and academics studying a range of art and design subjects such as painting, photography, drawing, sculpture, textiles, 3D Design and visual communication.
 Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) campus encompasses research, learning and teaching on fisheries and aquaculture; ecology and biodiversity; and, oceans and the cryosphere. The campus is situated adjacent to the CSIRO Marine Laboratories, and is co-located with Australia's Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS), the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC), and the Tasmanian Partnership for Advanced Computing (TPAC).
 Queen's Domain, the university's original site that encompasses the School of Nursing.

Sandy Bay and greater Hobart
 Sandy Bay – the Sandy Bay campus is set on 100 hectares of land in the suburb of Sandy Bay – about 35 minutes walk from the centre of Hobart. The Sandy Bay campus overlooks the estuary of the River Derwent and has the majestic Mount Wellington as its backdrop. Much of the upper campus is in natural bushland. Approximately 10,000 students are enrolled at the southern campuses.
 University Farm, a 334 hectare farm property located 20 km from the Sandy Bay campus and numerous other land parcels. The University Farm is set in the cropping and grape growing area of Cambridge located in the Coal River valley, serving the teaching and research needs of the School of Agricultural Science.
 Mount Pleasant Radio Observatory is located adjacent to the University Farm, and operates a museum and radio telescope.
 Greenhill Observatory, near Jericho, Tasmania is astronomy observatory opened in 2013 to replace the Canopus Hill Observatory
 The Hedberg, a performing arts campus located adjacent to the Theatre Royal, Hobart.

Northern

 Newnham – the Newnham campus is Launceston's main campus, looking down to the Tamar River, about 10 minutes from the city centre. Over 5000 students are enrolled at the Launceston campuses. Also including the newly built Student Center on Queens walk esplanade
 The Australian Maritime College is located adjacent to the Newnham campus.
 The Tasmanian College of the Arts and the School of Architecture & Design are housed in the Inveresk Arts Precinct in Launceston, an award-winning 17-hectare inner city site comprising arts studios, galleries, performance spaces, a museum and specialist workshops. The Inveresk precinct is based on developed buildings from a disused rail-yards site.

North-West
 Cradle Coast – established in 1995 as the North-West Study Centre, the now Cradle Coast campus in Burnie caters for researchers and students in the State's north-west. It underwent significant expansion in 2008.
 Rural Clinical School, the university's rural clinical school operated by the School of Medicine.
 West Park, is a new campus currently under construction for a 2021 opening. The modern building will have student accommodation, new learning facilities, community integration, and quick access to the nearby Makers' Workshop.

Sydney
 Darlinghurst – established in 2006, the Darlinghurst campus delivers nursing, paramedic practice and health management courses.
 Rozelle – established in 2010, the Rozelle campus delivers nursing and paramedic practice courses, the latter being in association with the Ambulance Service of NSW.

Libraries
The University of Tasmania library system comprises seven physical libraries integrated into a single library system:

 Morris Miller Library (Sandy Bay) including Special & Rare Collections
 Law Library (Sandy Bay)
 Art Library (Centre for the Arts)
 Music Library (Conservatorium of Music)
 Clinical Library (Medical Sciences Precinct)
 Launceston Campus Library (Newnham)
 Cradle Coast Campus Library (Cradle Coast)

Academics

Rankings

The university's research strengths aim to take advantage of Tasmania's unique characteristics, including its natural environment and geographical location. The research strengths lie in the thematic areas of Environment, Resources and Sustainability; Creativity, Culture and Society; Health; Marine, Antarctic and Maritime; and Data, Knowledge and Decision-making.

Organisation
The University of Tasmania has five colleges, previously known as faculties, some divided into schools and institutes:
 College of Arts, Law and Education
 Faculty of Education
 Faculty of Law
 School of Creative Arts and Media
 School of Humanities
 School of Social Sciences
 College of Health and Medicine
 Menzies Research Institute
 School of Health Sciences
 School of Pharmacy
 School of Medicine
 Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre
 College of Sciences and Engineering
 Australian Maritime College
 Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies
 School of Engineering
 School of Natural Sciences
 School of Technology, Environments and Design
 Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture
 Tasmanian School of Business and Economics
 University College

The university currently holds the secretariat role of the International Antarctic Institute established in 2006 in partnership with 19 institutions in 12 countries.

A partnership between the university and the Cradle Coast Authority established the Institute for Regional Development at the Cradle Coast campus in 2005.

Research

The university maintains five multi-disciplinary research themes that provide ability for interdisciplinary collaboration.
 Environment, Resources and Sustainability
 Creativity, Culture and Society
 Better Health
 Marine, Antarctic and Maritime
 Data, Knowledge and Decisions

Research institutions include:
 Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies
 Menzies Research Institute
 Centre for Tasmanian Historical Studies
 Centre for Colonialism and its Aftermath
 Centre for Law and Genetics
 Tasmania Law Reform Institute
 Centre for Aboriginal Education
 Tasmanian Institute of Law Enforcement Studies
 Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute
 Institute of Antarctic and Southern Ocean Studies
 Centre for Marine Science
 Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems CRC
 Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science
 Australian Innovation Research Centre
 Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits
 Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture
 Australian Food Safety Centre of Excellence

The University of Tasmania maintains close linkages with the Tasmanian Government and its departments, with the teaching hospitals, with the Tasmania Police, and with relevant industry bodies such as fishing and farming.

Coat of arms
The Grant of Arms was made by the College of Arms. The blazon reads:

In 1936 the University Council ran a competition to produce a draft set of Arms to replace the common seal it had used since 1901, based on the badge of the Tasmanian Council of Education with the motto Floreat Tasmania (May Tasmania Prosper). The winning design included four key elements of the current Arms of the university including a lion (representing Tasmania), a book (representing the academic side of the university), a Southern Cross (representing Australia) and a torch (representing the athletic side of the university), over a crown (Or) (signifying the royal charter held by the university). The official coat of arms was granted by the College of Heralds in 1978. The core elements of the 1936 design were kept with slight adjustments made to comply with heraldic rules.

Student life

Student unionism

Until 2008, there were two separate student unions: the Tasmania University Union (TUU) in Hobart and the Student Association (SA) in Launceston. Following the abolition of compulsory student unionism in 2007, the SA and the TUU amalgamated into one statewide organisation representing all UTAS students.

The TUU is responsible for the overseeing of all the university's many sports clubs and societies. Some of these include faculty-based societies providing academic and careers guidance; societies relating to various interests, such as the Old Nick Company; and various sporting clubs, including cricket, football, rugby union and soccer.

The TUU also publishes the independent student media at the University of Tasmania, Togatus.

Postgraduate students are represented by the TUU through the Tasmania University Union Postgraduate Council. The TUU Postgraduate Council was previously organised as the Tasmania University Postgraduate Association (TUPA). TUPA was established in 1982 to represent postgraduate research students on campus independently of the TUU.

Residential colleges and student accommodation

The university maintains a strong residential college system, as well as providing more independent apartment-style living. A key aspect of campus life, the residential colleges are equipped with modern facilities and host several events during the semesters. The colleges also maintain their respective student clubs, key in the passing of traditions from one cohort to the next. The southern colleges annually compete in a series of sporting events including Rugby, Australian Football, Cricket, Softball, Basketball, Table Tennis, Tennis and Soccer.

The college system comprises Christ College, Jane Franklin Hall and St. John Fisher College in Hobart, and Kerslake Hall, Leprena and Investigator Hall in Launceston. The university accommodation system also includes the University Apartments and Mount Nelson Villas in Sandy Bay, Hobart Apartments and MidCity in the Hobart CBD, Endeavour Hall in Beauty Point for students of the Australian Maritime College, Newnham Apartments and Inveresk Apartments in Launceston, and West Park Apartments in Burnie.

Two other residential colleges once existed in Hobart – the non-denominational Hytten Hall (1959–1980) located on the Sandy Bay campus, and now used as a building for the Faculty of Education, and Ena Waite Women's College (1968–1980), operated by the Catholic Church and located in central Hobart, which amalgamated with St. John Fisher College. An off-campus student residence in Launceston, Clarence House, operated from 2004 to 2008.

Tasmania Scholarships
The Tasmania Scholarships program supports the university's commitment to offer students equal learning opportunity. It assists talented students, both locally, nationally and internationally. Industry contributions now make up the backbone of the Tasmania Scholarships program. The development and growth of this initiative into one of the most successful sponsored programs in the country is exceptional by any standard. Around 10 per cent of all domestic students at UTAS receive some sort of scholarship or financial assistance.  Scholarships are also offered under the banner of the Jim Bacon Memorial Scholarship, funded by the Tasmanian Government.

Notable people

The University of Tasmania has produced many notable alumni, with graduates having held the offices of Governor of Tasmania, Justices of the High, Supreme, Federal courts, Premiers of Tasmania and elected leaders of other states and territories, Rhodes Scholars, the first female professor in Australia, ministers of foreign countries, Lord Mayors, academics, architects, historians, poets, philosophers, politicians, scientists, physicists, authors, industry leaders, defence force personnel, corporate leaders, community leaders, and artists. There are over 100,000 graduates of the University of Tasmania, spanning 104 countries.

See also

 List of universities in Australia
 University of Tasmania Academic Dress
 University of Tasmania Prize, a literary prize for best new unpublished literary work by an emerging Tasmanian writer
 List of state-level unified TACs (Tertiary Admission Center), domestic students must apply once to the relevant TAC for admission to all the universities within that state.
 Tertiary education in Australia

References

External links

Universities in Tasmania
Educational institutions established in 1890
1890 establishments in Australia
Universities in Sydney
Sandy Bay, Hobart

University of Tasmania


هادي يحيى لاعب كرة قدم سعودي ، في مركز قلب دفاع يلعب في نادي قلوة .

سبق له اللعب مع أندية الشباب والرائد والفيصلي و نادي النجمة و نادي الخلود ونادي وج ونادي قلوة.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية سعوديون
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الثانية السعودي
لاعبو دوري المحترفين السعودي
لاعبو كرة قدم سعوديون
لاعبو نادي الخلود
لاعبو نادي الرائد
لاعبو نادي الشباب (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي الفيصلي (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي النجمة (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي وج
لاعبو نادي قلوة
مواليد 1410 هـ
مواليد 1990
مواليد في السعودية

هادي يحيى


Calea ferată Dângeni–Săveni–Darabani, o secție feroviară nefinalizată prin intermediul căreia urmau să fie conectate direct orașele Iași, Săveni și Darabani.

În 1987 au început lucrările de construcție a unei căi ferate de 53,4 km care să lege localitatea Dângeni din județul Botoșani de orașele Săveni și Darabani. Această lucrare ar fi fost o continuare a liniei CFR 608 existente și ar fi permis astfel o conexiune directă între Darabani și municipiul Iași. Exista chiar intenția ca această cale ferată să fie ulterior prelungită până la punctul de frontieră Rădăuți-Prut–Lipcani, pentru a realiza o nouă legătură feroviară cu Uniunea Sovietică. Ideea unei astfel de căi ferate data de la începutul anilor 1900. În 1916 chiar se demarase execuția ei, dar lucrările au fost oprite la scurtă vreme, după intrarea României în Primul Război Mondial.

Primii 17,4 km din această linie, tronsonul Dângeni–Săveni, au fost inaugurați pe 5 iulie 1991 și cuprindeau realizarea unei clădiri moderne pentru Gara Săveni (Poziție pe hartă) și o lucrare de artă feroviară impresionantă, de circa 400 m lungime, Viaductul Vlăsinești (Poziție pe hartă). Linia a primit indicativul 609 și a funcționat - pe cei 17,4 km - numai până în 1992, când a fost temporar închisă traficului după avariile produse terasamentului de inundațiile și alunecările de teren din zona viaductului și de la ieșirea din Vlăsinești. După reparații minimale și instituirea unor restricții de trafic, linia a continuat să fie exploatată doar până 1994, când CFR a renunțat definitiv la cursele spre Săveni.

În afară de primii 17,4 km, se executaseră încă circa 10 km din tronsonul următor spre Darabani. Fuseseră realizate două poduri metalice de tip grinzi cu zăbrele peste Râul Bașeu și Râul Podriga, podețe peste diverse canale și pârâuri din zonă și se montaseră șinele pe întreaga distanță între Săveni și Podriga (circa 6,5 km). De la Podriga fusese realizat terasamentul până la ieșirea din Drăgușeni (circa 3,5 km). Complet abandonată, linia a căzut pradă intemperiilor și hoților. S-au furat șine, traverse, alte elemente metalice, piatra spartă, stâlpii și firele sistemului de telecomunicații, blocuri de beton aduse pentru consolidări. Gările de pe traseu, inclusiv cea din Săveni, au fost devastate. Din această masivă investiție se mai păstrează doar urmele unei mari lucrări inutile.

Într-o analiză din septembrie 2014 a Agenției pentru Dezvoltare Regională Nord-Est se atrăgea atenția că, în urma renunțării la unele proiecte de infrastructură feroviară precum linia Dângeni–Săveni–Darabani și linia Hârlău–Flămânzi–Botoșani, "38,4% din populația regiunii nu are acces la rețeaua de căi ferate a regiunii, la care se adaugă 7,3% din populație aflată de-a lungul liniilor închise, procentul ajungând la 45,7%".

Referințe

Dângeni–Săveni–Darabani
Transportul în județul Botoșani
Transportul în județul Iași
Mari lucrări inutile din România

Calea ferată Dângeni–Săveni–Darabani


Eye Cue este un duo pop rock din Macedonia format în 2008 de vocaliștii Bojan Trajkovski și Marija Ivanovska (n. 18 septembrie 1988). În timpul concertelor, celor doi li se alatură deseori bateristul Ivo Mitkovski. Grupul s-a bucurat de succes în topurile muzicale cu "Magija" în 2008, iar în 2010 au intrat în MTV Adria Top 20 cu piesa "Not This Time". În 2015 au câștigat Skopje Fest cu piesa "Ubava".

Duo-ul va reprezenta Macedonia la Concursul Muzical Eurovision 2018 în Lisabona, Portugalia, cu piesa "Lost and Found". Duo-ului i s-a alăturat în 2016 Darko Dimitrov, producătorul piesei care va reprezenta Macedonia în concurs. Acesta va urca alături de Trajkovski și Ivanovska pe scena Eurovision 2018.

Note

Formații pop rock
Formații rock alternativ
Eurovision 2018
Muzicieni macedoneni

Eye Cue


Erroll Louis Garner (June 15, 1921 – January 2, 1977) was an American jazz pianist and composer known for his swing playing and ballads. His instrumental ballad "Misty", his best-known composition, has become a jazz standard. It was first recorded in 1956 with Mitch Miller and his orchestra, and played a prominent part in the 1971 motion picture Play Misty for Me.

Scott Yanow of Allmusic calls him "one of the most distinctive of all pianists" and a "brilliant virtuoso". Garner received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6363 Hollywood Boulevard. His live album Concert by the Sea first released in 1955, sold more than 1 million copies by 1958, and Yanow's opinion on the album is that it "made such a strong impression that Garner was considered immortal from then on."

Life and career
Garner was born, along with twin brother Ernest in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on June 15, 1921, the youngest of six children. He attended George Westinghouse High School (as did fellow pianists Billy Strayhorn and Ahmad Jamal). Interviews with his family, music teachers, other musicians, and a detailed family tree can be found in Erroll Garner: The Most Happy Piano by James M. Doran.

Piano career

Garner began playing piano at the age of three. His elder siblings were taught piano by a "Miss Bowman." From an early age, Erroll would sit down and play anything she had demonstrated, "just like Miss Bowman", his eldest sister Martha said. Garner was self-taught and remained an "ear player" all his life, never learning to read music. At age 7, he began appearing on the radio station KDKA in Pittsburgh with a group named the Candy Kids. By age 11, he was playing on the Allegheny riverboats. In 1937 he joined local saxophonist Leroy Brown.

He played locally in the shadow of Linton Garner, his older brother, also a pianist.

Garner moved to New York City in 1944. He briefly worked with the bassist Slam Stewart, and although not a bebop musician per se, in 1947 played with Charlie Parker on the "Cool Blues" session. Although his admission to the Pittsburgh music union initially was refused because of his inability to read music, the union relented in 1956 and made him an honorary member. Garner is credited with a superb musical memory. After attending a concert by Russian classical pianist Emil Gilels, Garner returned to his apartment and was able to play a large portion of the performed music by memory.

Columbia Records Lawsuit
Garner sued Columbia Records in 1960 for breach of contract after Columbia released several recordings without Garner's consent. Garner had signed a five-year deal with Columbia in 1956, which contained an unprecedented clause (negotiated with the aid of manager Martha Glaser) giving Garner the right to approve the release of any of his recorded music. After three years of litigation, during which time Columbia continued to release Garner recordings against his will, the New York State Supreme Court ruled in Garner's favor in a landmark decision with regard to artist's rights, and Columbia paid Garner a substantial settlement and recalled all of the unauthorized records from its distributors.

Martha Glaser
Garner was managed by Martha Glaser from 1950 until his death in 1977, with a period of this time as her only client.

Death
Garner died of cardiac arrest related to emphysema on January 2, 1977, aged 55. He is buried in Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery.

Playing style

Short in stature (), Garner performed sitting on multiple telephone directories. He was also known for his vocalizations while playing, which can be heard on many of his recordings. He helped to bridge the gap for jazz musicians between nightclubs and the concert hall.

Called "one of the most distinctive of all pianists" by Scott Yanow, Garner showed that a "creative jazz musician can be very popular without watering down his music" or changing his personal style. He has been described as a "brilliant virtuoso who sounded unlike anyone else", using an "orchestral approach straight from the swing era but...open to the innovations of bop." His distinctive style could swing like no other, but some of his best recordings are ballads, such as his best-known composition, "Misty", which rapidly became a jazz standard – and was featured in Clint Eastwood's film Play Misty for Me (1971).

Garner may have been inspired by the example of Earl Hines, a fellow Pittsburgh resident who was 18 years his senior, and there were resemblances in their elastic approach to timing and use of right-hand octaves. Garner's early recordings display the influence of the stride piano style of James P. Johnson and Fats Waller. Garner's melodic improvisations generally stayed close to the theme while employing novel chord voicings and other devices. He developed a signature style that involved his right hand playing slightly behind the beat while his left strummed a steady rhythm and punctuation, creating a carefree quality and at the same time an exciting rhythmic tension. He would also enhance the effect by accelerating and decelerating the beat in the right hand, a device nicknamed the "Russian Dragon" (rushing and dragging). The independence of his hands also was evidenced by his masterful use of three-against-four and more complicated polyrhythms between the hands. In trio settings, he often played the 3:2 son clave rhythm pattern in his left hand chording on Latin tunes, and on swing tunes, he played the similar 12/8 Rhumba clave rhythm pattern. Garner frequently improvised whimsical introductions — often in stark contrast to the rest of the tune — that left listeners and even fellow band members in suspense as to what the piece would be or when the introduction would come to an end.

Bassist Ray Brown called Garner "The Happy Man". Pianist Ross Tompkins described Garner's distinctiveness as due to "happiness".

Works
Garner's first recordings were made in late 1944 at the apartment of Timme Rosenkrantz; these subsequently were issued as the five-volume Overture to Dawn series on Blue Note Records. His recording career advanced in the late 1940s when several sides such as "Fine and Dandy", "Skylark" and "Summertime" were cut. His 1955 live album Concert by the Sea was a best-selling jazz album in its day and features Eddie Calhoun on bass and Denzil Best on drums. This recording of a performance at the Sunset Center, a former school in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, was made using relatively primitive sound equipment, but for George Avakian, the decision to release the recording was easy.

In 1954 Garner composed "Misty", first recording it in 1955 for the album Contrasts. Lyrics were later added by Johnny Burke. "Misty" rapidly became popular, both as a jazz standard and as the signature song of Johnny Mathis. It was also recorded by Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Sarah Vaughan, Ray Stevens and Aretha Franklin.

One World Concert was recorded at the 1962 Seattle World Fair (and in 1959 stretching out in the studios) and features Eddie Calhoun on bass and Kelly Martin on drums. Other works include 1951's Long Ago and Far Away, 1953's Erroll Garner at the Piano with Wyatt Ruther and Fats Heard, 1957's The Most Happy Piano, 1970's Feeling Is Believing and 1974's Magician, on which Garner performs a number of classic standards. Often the trio was expanded to add Latin percussion, usually a conga.

In 1964, Garner appeared in the UK on the music series Jazz 625 broadcast on BBC Two The programme was hosted by Steve Race, who introduced Garner's trio with Eddie Calhoun on bass and Kelly Martin on drums.

Because Garner could not write down his musical ideas, he used to record them on tape, to be later transcribed by others.

The Erroll Garner Club was founded in 1982 in Aberlady, Scotland. On September 26, 1992, Garnerphiles from England, Scotland, Germany and the US met in London for a unique and historic get-together. The guests of honour were Eddie Calhoun (bassist) and Kelly Martin (drummer), Garner's rhythm section from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s. On June 15, 1996, many of the UK's Garnerphiles converged in Cheltenham for an afternoon of music, food and fun on what would have been Garner's 75th birthday. That evening, they learned of the death of jazz legend Ella Fitzgerald.

Archive and newly discovered material

In 2012 a film on Garner was released by Atticus Brady called No One Can Hear You Read, which Garner used to say when asked why he had never learned to read music. Footage of the piano prodigy playing and speaking was intercut with interviews: with admirers (including Woody Allen, Steve Allen and his fellow musicians Ahmad Jamal, also from Pittsburgh and Ernest McCarty, his bassist for many years); with family members, including his big sister Ruth Garner Moore and daughter Kim Garner; with George Avakian, the producer of Concert by the Sea; and with Jim Doran his biographer. The film attempts to address Garner's fall from prominence after his death, reminding viewers how popular and original he was in his day as well as why he is considered in many quarters a legend, one of the true greats of jazz.

On June 15, 2015, the estate of Martha Glaser, Garner's longtime manager, announced the formation of the Erroll Garner Jazz Project, a major new archival and musical celebration of Garner. The project includes the donation of the Erroll Garner Archive—a huge trove of newly discovered historical material from Garner's life—to the University of Pittsburgh.

On September 18, 2015, Concert by the Sea was re-released by Sony Legacy in an expanded, three-CD edition that adds 11 previously unreleased tracks.

On September 30, 2016, Ready Take One was released on Sony Legacy/Octave featuring 14 previously unreleased tracks.

On July 13, 2018, a live concert recording of Garner playing in 1964 at the Concertgebouw in the Netherlands was released by Mack Avenue Records with the title Nightconcert.

In November, 2021, Garner posthumously was featured on "All Night Parking" with Adele on the latter's fourth studio album.

Publishing rights
In 2016, Downtown Music Publishing entered an exclusive worldwide administration agreement with Octave Music Publishing Corp. The deal covers all of Garner's works including "Misty", as well as Garner's extensive archive of master recordings, many of which remain unreleased.

Discography
 Penthouse Serenade (1945–1949), Savoy MG12002
 Serenade To Laura (1945–1949), Savoy MG12003
 Giants of the Piano (split album with Art Tatum) (1947 Hollywood recordings with Red Callender, Hal West), Roost 2213; Vogue LAE 12209
 Early in Paris (1948), Blue Music Group
 Back To Back (split album with Billy Taylor) (1949), Savoy MG12008
 Erroll Garner (August 1949) (Los Angeles recordings with John Simmons, Alvin Stoller), (2 volumes: Joker BM 3718 and BM 3719)
 The Greatest Garner (1949–1950), Atlantic 1227
 Piano Moods (1950), Columbia CL6139 [10"]
 Gems (1951), Columbia CL6173 [10"]; (1954); Columbia CL583 [12"]
 Solo Flight (1952), Columbia CL6209 [10"]; Philips B 07602 R [10"]
 Plays for Dancing (1953), Columbia CL6259 [10"]; (1956) Columbia CL667 [12"]
 Erroll Garner (At the Piano) (1953) (with Wyatt Ruther, Fats Heard), Columbia CL535; Philips B 07015 L; reissue: CBS [UK] 62 311
 Gone With Garner (1954), EmArcy MG26042
 Garnering (1954), EmArcy MG36026
 Mambo Moves Garner (1954), Mercury MG20055
 Contrasts (1954), EmArcy MG36001
 Erroll! (Erroll Garner In The Land Of Hi-Fi) (1954–1955), EmArcy MG36069
 Plays Misty (1954–1955), Mercury MG20662
 Solitaire (1955), Mercury MG20063
 Afternoon of an Elf (1955), Mercury MG20090
 Gone Garner Gonest (1955), Columbia CL617
 Music for Tired Lovers, with Woody Herman singing (!) (1955), Columbia CL651
 Concert by the Sea (September 19, 1955), Columbia CL883; also released later in an expanded three-CD version The Complete Concert by the Sea (2015)
 Garnerland (1955), Columbia CL2540 [10"] released in Columbia's "House Party Series"
 He's Here! He's Gone! He's Garner! (1956), Columbia CL2606 [10"] released in Columbia's "House Party Series"
 After Midnight (1956), Columbia CL-834
 The Most Happy Piano (1957), Columbia CL939 [Italian CBS reissue, Il magico pianoforte di Erroll Garner, CBS Serie Rubino 52065, 1967]
 Other Voices, with Mitch Miller and orchestra (1957), Columbia CL1014
 Soliloquy (1957), Columbia CL1060
 Encores in Hi-Fi (1958), Columbia CL1141
 Paris Impressions, Vol. 1 (1958), Columbia CL1212
 Paris Impressions, Vol. 2 (1958), Columbia CL1213
 The One and Only Erroll Garner (1960), Columbia C1452
 Swinging Solos (1960), Columbia CL1512
 The Provocative Erroll Garner (1961), Columbia CL1587
 Dreamstreet (1961), ABC-Paramount 365
 Closeup in Swing (1961), ABC-Paramount 395
 Informal Piano Improvisations (1962), Baronet B-109
 One World Concert (1963), Reprise R9-6080
 A New Kind of Love: Erroll Garner with Full Orchestra, Conducted by Leith Stevens (1963), Mercury SR-60859; Phillips BL 7595
 Mr. Erroll Garner and the Maxwell Davis Trio (1964), Crown CLP-5404
 Serenade in Blue (1964), Clarion 610
 Amsterdam Concert (November 7, 1964), Philips BL 7717; Philips 632 204 BL
 Erroll Garner Plays (1965), Ember FA 2011
 Now Playing: A Night at the Movies (1965), MGM SE-4335
 Campus Concert (1966), MGM SE-4361
 That's My Kick (1967), MGM SE-4463
 Up in Erroll's Room (Featuring 'The Brass Bed') (1968), MGM SE-4520; Pye International NSPL.28123
 Feeling is Believing (1970), Mercury SR-61308
 Gemini (1972), London XPS-617
 Magician (1974), London APS-640
 Play it Again, Erroll! (1975), Columbia PG-33424 (double album)
 The Elf: The Savoy Sessions (1976), Savoy SJL-2207 (double album)
 Erroll Garner Plays Gershwin & Kern (1976), Polydor [Fr] 2445 030; (1985), EmArcy 826 224
 Yesterdays (1978), Savoy SJL-1118
 Long Ago and Far Away (1987), Columbia CK-40863
 Body & Soul (1991), Columbia CK-47035
 Erroll Garner's Finest Hour (2003) Verve 589 775
 The Complete Concert by the Sea (2015), Columbia/Legacy 888751208421 (3-CD set)
 The Real...Erroll Garner (The Ultimate Collection) (2016), Sony Music 889853056323 (3-CD set)
 Ready Take One (2016), Octave Music/Legacy 889853633128
 Nightconcert (2018), Mack Avenue
 "All Night Parking" (2021), Columbia/[Melted Stone], Adele (30)

Personal life
Garner did not marry, but fathered a daughter, Kim Garner, who is interviewed in No One Can Hear You Read.

References

External links

 Repository of the Erroll Garner Estate

1921 births
1977 deaths
20th-century African-American musicians
20th-century American composers
20th-century American male musicians
20th-century American pianists
20th-century jazz composers
African-American jazz musicians
African-American pianists
American jazz composers
American jazz pianists
American male jazz composers
American male pianists
Apollo Records artists
Blue Note Records artists
Burials at Homewood Cemetery
Columbia Records artists
Deaths from emphysema
EmArcy Records artists
Imperial Records artists
Jubilee Records artists
Mack Avenue Records artists
Mercury Records artists
Jazz musicians from Pittsburgh
RCA Victor artists
Savoy Records artists
Signature Records artists

Erroll Garner


Seven Psychopaths er en sort komedie kriminalfilm fra 2012, skrevet og instrueret af Martin McDonagh. I hovedrollerne ses Colin Farrell, Sam Rockwell, Woody Harrelson og Christopher Walken med Tom Waits, Abbie Cornish, Olga Kurylenko og Željko Ivanek i birollerne. Filmen er det andet samarbejde mellem McDonagh, Farrell og Ivanek, efter In Bruges fra 2008. The film was a co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom.

Seven Psychopaths had its verdenspremiere den 7. september 2012 på Toronto International Film Festival. Den blev udgivet i USA og Canada den 12 oktober 2012 og i England den 5. December 2012.

Handling
Den irske Hollywoodforfatter Marty (Colin Farrell) har svært ved at finde på ideer til sit næste manuskript, "Seven Psychopaths". Han får dog masser af inspiration forærende, da to af hans bemærkelsesværdige venner, Billy (Sam Rockwell) og Hans (Christopher Walken), kidnapper den lokale gangster Charlie Costello's (Woody Harrelson) lille Shih Tzu hund for løsepenge.

Rolleliste
 Colin Farrell som Martin "Marty" Faranan
 Sam Rockwell som Billy Bickle
 Woody Harrelson som Charlie Costello
 Christopher Walken som Hans Kieslowski
 Tom Waits som Zachariah Rigby
 Abbie Cornish som Kaya
 Olga Kurylenko som Angela
 Željko Ivanek som Paulo
 Linda Bright Clay som Myra Kieslowski
 Long Nguyen som the Vietnamese priest
 Harry Dean Stanton som the Quaker
 Amanda Warren som Maggie
 James Hébert som Killer
 Christine Marzano som The Hooker
 Kevin Corrigan som Dennis
 Gabourey Sidibe som Sharice
 Michael Pitt som Larry
 Michael Stuhlbarg som Tommy
 Helena Mattsson som Blonde lady

Referencer

Ekstern henvisning

Komediefilm fra USA
Amerikanske film fra 2012
Komediefilm fra Storbritannien
Britiske film fra 2012
Dramafilm fra Storbritannien
Dramafilm fra USA

Seven Psychopaths


Le Laser Run (également appelé Laser-Run) est une compétition multisports composée de course à pied et de tir au pistolet laser. Le laser run est la dernière épreuve du pentathlon moderne où il s'appelait autrefois Combiné.

Principes
Laser Run est une compétition avec plusieurs tours de circuit de la course de cross-country et plusieurs séances de tir au pistolet laser. Il est une épreuve assimilable au biathlon. Les compétitions sont organisées selon les règles de l'Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM).

La séquence d'un Laser Run est la suivante :
 Départ
 Tir (5 cibles en un temps maximum de 50 se. avec un nombre illimité de coups)
 Course à pied (300 ou 600 m)
 [...] répétition de la séquence de tir et de course (2 à 4 répétitions)
 Arrivée : La première personne à franchir la ligne d'arrivée gagne

Selon les catégories d'âge, le nombre de répétitions et les distances à parcourir varient. L'exigence la plus élevée est en un cross-country de 3 000 mètres sur un parcours de 600 mètres ponctué de quatre arrêts à un stand de tir.

De 2015 à 2021, les distances de course étaient de 200 m, 400 m et 800 m. La distance la plus longue était de 3 200 mètres.

Équipements

Le laser run utilise des pistolets laser et des cibles qui doivent être homologuées par l'UIPM. Les pistolets laser sont sans danger pour les spectateurs et les participants. Ils sont presque silencieux et ne sont pas soumis au contrôle des armes à feu.

Les pistolets laser sont généralement fournis par les organisateurs lors des compétitions régionales pour permettre une entrée plus facile dans le sport. Dans les compétitions nationales ou internationales, les participants concourent avec leurs propres pistolets.

Il n'y a pas d'exigences particulières pour l'équipement de course.

Compétitions
Le premier championnat du Monde de Laser Run a eu lieu en 2015 à Perpignan. Il y a aussi le Laser Run City Tour avec des événements dans différentes villes du monde.

De plus, laser run était un discipline en démonstration aux Jeux mondiaux urbains de 2019 à Budapest et faisait partie des Jeux d'Asie du Sud-Est de 2019.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 UIPM: Laser Run
 Laser Run Guidelines

Sport combiné

Laser Run


الشيخ إبراهيم بن سعيد العبري (12 ديسمبر 1896-14 مارس 1975) هو عالم دين مسلم، وكان مفتيا عاما لسلطنة عُمان.

نسبه

من قبيلة العبريين

ويتصل نسبه إلى عبرة بن زهران بن كعب بن الحارث بن كعب بن عبد الله بن مالك بن نصر الأزدي.

حياته

ولد في ولاية الحمراء بالمنطقة الداخلية في عمان. تولى في العشرين من عمره القضاء في الرستاق، ثم انتقل إلى نزوى. عينه السلطان سعيد بن تيمور قاضيا على صحار. بعد استقالته من منصب القضاء عينه الإمام محمد بن عبدالله الخليلي واليا وقاضيا على عبري. وبعد وفاة الإمام محمد بن عبدالله الخليلي أصبح قاضيا في مسقط إلى أن تولى السلطان قابوس بن سعيد مقاليد الحكم فعينه مفتيا عاما لسلطنة عمان واستمر في هذا المنصب إلى أن توفي سنة 1975.

مؤلفاته
من مؤلفاته العلمية كتاب «تبصرة المعتبرين في تاريخ العبريين» وله أرجوزة من 50 بيتا بعنوان «هداية المجهول إلى ما يلزمه من الأدب في صحابة الرسول».

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الشيخ إبراهيم بن سعيد العبري.

أزديون
علماء دين إباضيون من عمان
مواليد 1896
وفيات 1975

إبراهيم بن سعيد العبري


Tietanul este un compus heterociclic tetraciclic cu sulf cu formula chimică C3H6S. Este omologul superior al tiiranului.

Obținere
Tietanul se obține în urma reacției dintre sulfura de sodiu și 1,3-dicloropropan.

Cl-(CH2)3-Cl + Na2S → C3H6S + 2NaCl

Note

Vezi și
 Azetidină
 Oxetan

Compuși heterociclici cu sulf

Tietan


Nahija Markada je nahija u okrugu Al-Hasakah, u sirijskoj pokrajini Al-Hasakah. Po popisu iz 2004. (prije rata), nahija je imala 34.745 stanovnika. Administrativno sjedište je u naselju Markada.

Izvori

Sirijske nahije
Pokrajina Al-Hasakah

Markada (nahija)


An Diuris curvifolia in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Diuris curvifolia in nahilalakip ha genus nga Diuris, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Tasmania. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Diuris

Diuris curvifolia


El titira colinegro o colinegra (en Colombia y Ecuador) (Tityra cayana), también denominado bacaco benedictino (en Venezuela), tueré grande (en Argentina, Bolivia y Paraguay), titira de cola negra (en Perú) o titira colinegro occidental (en caso de separación), es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Tityridae, perteneciente al género Tityra, que anteriormente se clasificaba dentro de Cotingidae. Es nativa de Sudamérica, también en Trinidad y Tobago.

Distribución y hábitat
Se distribuye en dos grandes áreas disjuntas, la subespecie cayana en Venezuela, Trinidad, Guyana, Surinam, Guayana francesa, este de Colombia, norte de Brasil, este de Ecuador, este de Perú y norte de Bolivia; la subespecie braziliensis en el noreste, centro y sur de Brasil, norte y este de Bolivia, norte, centro y este de Paraguay y noreste de Argentina.

Esta especie es considerada bastante común y ampliamente diseminada en sus hábitats naturales: los bordes del bosque húmedo, bosques secundarios, plantaciones con árboles de sombra, en el pantanal, los cerrados o sabanas, así como en la amazonia de terra firme y el bosque de áreas estacionalmente inundables, por lo general a menos de 500 m de altitud, pero a veces hasta los 1100 m.

Descripción
Mide entre 20 y 22 cm de longitud y pesa de 60 a 70 g. Presenta dimorfismo sexual. El macho es de color blanco mate por encima y blanco por debajo, con el píleo negro; las rectrices, la remeras primarias y secundarias son también son de color negro; las remeras terciarias son de color gris plateado. Las hembras presentan color marrón oscuro en lugar de negro en las alas y la cola y color marrón en la cabeza, la espalda y la parte inferior, con estrías negruzcas. Ambos sexos tienen un anillo ocular rojizo de piel desnuda; el iris es negruzco; el pico es de color rojo en la base con punta negra. Las patas son fuscas.

Canto

El llamado es un zumbido corto ed, rek, urd o wenk. También canta un doble bizei-buzzei o un triple wink, wink, wink. Es más frecuente que cante cuando alza vuelo.

Comportamiento

Alimentación
Se alimentan principalmente de frutos de tamaño mediano, aunque a veces consumen también insectos, pero casi siempre son jóvenes los que los consumen. Busca alimento en pareja y a veces solo o en pequeños grupos, pero siempre son intolerantes a otras especies  de aves a las que tratan de ahuyentar.

Reproducción
Anida en un agujero de algún árbol, generalmente en un nido de pájaro carpintero abandonado o en la corona de una palmera seca, donde coloca un lecho de hojas secas y algunas pequeñas ramas. La hembra pone tres huevos de color ante con manchas marrón, que incuba durante casi tres semanas. Ambos padres alimentan a los polluelos, que abandonan el nido tres semanas a un mes después.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie T. cayana fue descrita por primera vez por el naturalista sueco Carolus Linnaeus en 1766 bajo el nombre científico Lanius cayanus; la localidad tipo es: «Guayana francesa».

Etimología
El nombre genérico femenino «Tityra» deriva del latín «tityrus»: el nombre de un rústico pastor de ovejas citado por Virgílio en las Éclogas; en la mitología romana, el nombre «Tityri» era dado a los Sátiros de Pan y Baco que tenían comportamiento ruidoso y agresivo; y el nombre de la especie «cayana», se refiere a la localidad tipo, Cayena, Guayana francesa.

Taxonomía
Las clasificaciones Aves del Mundo y Birdlife International consideran a la subespecie T. cayana braziliensis como una especie separada: el titira colinegro oriental (Tityra braziliensis), con base en diferencias morfológicas y en la existencia de una extensa zona de hibridación que se extiende desde el noreste de Brasil hasta Bolivia.

Subespecies
Según las clasificaciones del Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) y Clements Checklist v.2018, se reconocen dos subespecies, con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:

 Tityra cayana cayana (, 1766) – Venezuela, Trinidad, las Guayanas, este de Colombia, norte de Brasil (río Amazonas y afluentes hacia el este hasta Pará y Amapá), este de Ecuador, este de Perú y norte de Bolivia.
Ancha base roja en el pico. Macho con dorso grisáceo. Hembra con plumaje marrón variado con estrías pequeñas en el pecho y el dorso y garganta blanca.
 Tityra cayana braziliensis (, 1837) – noreste, centro y sur de Brasil (Maranhão, Piauí y Pernambuco hacia el sur hasta Mato Grosso do Sul y norte de Rio Grande do Sul), norte y este de Bolivia (La Paz, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz), norte, centro y este de Paraguay (principalmente al este del río Paraguay) y noreste de Argentina (al sur hasta el este de Formosa, este de Chaco y Misiones, probablemente también en Corrientes).
Base roja del pico angosta. Macho con el dorso blanco nitid. Hembra con el plumaje de diversos matices con muchas estrías oscuras.

Referencias

Bibliografía
  (1991): A guide to the birds of Trinidad and Tobago (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing, Ithaca, N.Y. ISBN 0-8014-9792-2

Enlaces externos

 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Tityra cayana en eBird.
 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Tityra braziliensis en The Internet Bird Collection.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Tityra cayana en xeno-canto.
 Fotos y sonidos de Tityra cayana en Wikiaves.
Black-tailed Tityra Galería de fotos VIREO Foto alta resolución
Foto alta resolución-Tityra at nest; Black-tailed Tityra; Birds in Suriname.

cayana
Aves de América del Sur
Animales descritos en 1766
Taxones descritos por Carlos Linneo

Tityra cayana