Courtney Braden Ford (Los Angeles, 27 de junho de 1978) é uma atriz americana. Ela é mais conhecida por seus papéis na televisão, como interpretar Christine Hill em Dexter (2009), Portia Bellerfleur em True Blood (2011), Lily em Parenthood (2012), Tonia Pyne em Murder in the First (2014), Kate Taylor em Revenge (2014), Kelly Kline em Supernatural (2016-2018) e Nora Darhk em Legends of Tomorrow (2017-2020). Ela também desepenhou o papel principal no filme de televisão Lifetime, Kept Woman (2015).

Carreira
Ford descreveu sua carreira como estagnada nos dez anos anteriores a 2008, nos quais considerou deixar de trabalhar como atriz. No entanto, durante o que ela considerou ser sua última audição, Ford foi escalada para interpretar a repórter Christine Hill na sérei de televisão Dexter da Showtime.

Ela foi escalada para a série de sucesso da HBO, True Blood, como Portia Bellefleur, irmã de Andy Bellefleur. Ela foi um membro do elenco recorrente na quarta temporada. Na série de jogos Gears of War, ela dá voz a Maria Santiago, a esposa perdida do personagem Dom. Em Fallout 4 (2015), Ford dá voz a Piper Wright, uma potencial companheira e editora-chege do jornal de Diamond City, Publick Occurrences.

Ela também apareceu no nono episódio da quarta temporada de How I Met Your Mother intitulado "The Naked Man" e no episódio da quinta temporada de The Big Bang Theory, "The Good Guy Fluctuation".

Ford apareceu pela primeira vez como Nora Darhk no episódio "Return of the Mack de Legends of Tomorrow. Ela foi promovida a regular da série antes do início da 4ª temporada. Seu marido Brandon Routh já era regular na série desde o início do programa.. Em agosto de 2019, foi anunciado que Ford e Routh, cujos personagens haviam se tornado romanticamente ligados neste momento, deixariam Legends of Tomorrow durante a quinta temporada. Seu episódio final como regulares da série foi "Romeo v Juliet: Dawn of Justness". Eles retornariam para o centésimo episódio da série, bem como episódios separados do evento "Armageddon" de The Flash, Ford na parte cinco.

Vida pessoal
Ford nasceu em Huntington Beach, Califórnia. Ela e Brandon Routh ficaram noivos em 23 de agosto de 2006, após três anos de namoro, e se casaram em 24 de novembro de 2007, no El Capitan Ranch, em Santa Bárbara. Seu primeiro filho, chamado Leo James, nasceu em agosto de 2012.

Filmografia

Filmes

Televisão

Video games

Ligações externas

Nascidos em 1978
Atrizes de cinema dos Estados Unidos
Atrizes de televisão dos Estados Unidos
Pessoas vivas

Courtney Ford


Das  Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2), auch H-1-Ereignis oder Elmo-Ereignis genannt, war eine vorübergehende Periode globaler Erwärmung, die sich im Warmklima vor ca. 53,7 Millionen Jahren ereignete. Es scheint dies die zweite Wärmeanomalie zu sein, die den langen Erwärmungstrend vom späten Paleozän über das frühe Eozän (vor 58 bis 50 Mio. Jahren) markiert.

Beide Wärmeanomalien liefen in aus geologischer Sicht kurzer Zeit ab (<200.000 Jahre) und waren geprägt von globaler Erwärmung und massivem Kohlenstoffeintrag in den Kohlenstoffkreislauf. Das stärkste und am besten studierte Ereignis, das Paläozän/Eozän-Temperaturmaximum (PETM bzw. ETM-1) ereignete sich ca. 2 Millionen Jahre vor dem ETM-2, also ca. vor 55,5 Millionen Jahren. Weitere Wärmeanomalien folgten auf ETM-2 vor 53,6 Mio. Jahren (H-2), 53,3 Mio. Jahren (I-1) und 52,8 Mio. Jahren, die als K, X oder ETM-3 bezeichnet werden. Die Anzahl, Nomenklatur, das absolute Alter und der relative globale Effekt der Wärmeanomalien des Eozäns sind Gegenstand laufender wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen. Auf jeden Fall scheinen die Wärmeanomalien das frühe eozäne Klimaoptimum herbeigeführt zu haben, das wärmste Intervall des Känozoikums. Sie fanden definitiv vor dem Azolla-Ereignis vor ca. 49 Mio. Jahren statt.

ETM-2 kann in Sedimentstrukturen durch Analyse stabiler Kohlenstoffisotope in Kohlenstoff-führendem Material klar erkannt werden. Das 13C/12C-Verhältnis des Kalziumkarbonats oder organischen Materials fällt im Verlauf des Ereignisses signifikant ab. Die Ereignisse haben damit Ähnlichkeit mit dem PETM, obgleich der Betrag der negativen Kohlenstoff-Isotop-Exkursion geringer ausfällt. Der zeitliche Ablauf der Störungen des Erdsystems im Verlauf des ETM-2 laufen auch anders ab als während des PETM. ETM-2 setzte über eine längere Zeitdauer als PETM ein (etwa 30.000 Jahre), wohingegen die "Erholzeit" kürzer war (etwa 50.000) Jahre. In beiden Fällen ist zu bedenken, dass die Zeitdauer der Abläufe nur sehr schwer genau zu rekonstruieren ist.

Auch bei weit voneinander entfernten Fundstellen kennzeichnet eine lehmreiche Schicht ETM-2 in den Meeressedimenten. Bei Proben, die im Rahmen des Ocean Drilling Program aus der Tiefsee gewonnen wurden – z. B. Leg 208 des Walfischrückens – wurde diese Schicht durch Lösung von Kalziumkarbonaten verursacht. In Abschnitten, die sich an Kontinentalrändern bildeten – so z. B. die, die sich entlang des  /  zeigen – werden die lehmreichen Schichten durch Ausschwemmen von im Überfluss vorhandenem Bodenmaterial hervorgerufen, das in den Ozean eingebracht wurde. Ähnliche Änderungen der Sedimentanreicherung wurden im Verlauf des PETM gefunden. In Sedimentproben, die vom Lomonossow-Rücken des arktischen Ozeans stammen, lassen sich sowohl in ETM-2 wie auch in PETM Anzeichen höherer Temperaturen, niedrigerer Salinität und einer niedrigeren Sauerstoffkonzentration nachweisen.

Es wird angenommen, dass PETM und ETM-2 ähnliche Ursachen gehabt haben. Die Erforschung der genauen Ursachen ist jedoch bis jetzt Gegenstand laufender Forschungsarbeiten. Während beider Ereignisse wurde eine enorme Menge 13C-abgereicherten Kohlenstoffs in Atmosphäre und Ozeane verbracht. Dies führte zu einem sinkenden 13C/12C-Verhältnis der kohlenstoffführenden Sedimente. Eine damit einhergehende Erwärmung und aus dieser resultierende Veränderung und Intensivierung des Wasserkreislaufs könnte die Erosionsrate erhöht und größere Mengen Materials von den Kontinenten in die Meere transportiert haben. Dies würde die in großem Umfang stattfindenden Sedimentablagerungen an den Kontinentalhängen erklären.

Der starke Anstieg der atmosphärischen Kohlendioxid-Konzentration kann nur zwischen ein und 3,5 Grad des beobachteten Temperaturanstiegs erklären. Nach einer 2009 in Nature veröffentlichten Studie ist von weiteren, bislang unbekannten Ursachen auszugehen. Die Autoren weisen darauf hin, dass die möglichen Auswirkungen dieser Faktoren auch heute bei der Beurteilung künftiger Klimawandel berücksichtigt werden sollten.

Das H-2-Ereignis war vermutlich eine kleinere Wärmeanomalie und folgte auf ETM-2 (H-1) nach ca. 100.000 Jahren. Dies führte zu Spekulationen, dass  beide Ereignisse in irgendeiner Form gekoppelt waren und durch Änderungen der Exzentrizität der Erdumlaufbahn verursacht worden sein könnten.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Paläogen
Wärmeanomalie

Eocene Thermal Maximum 2


Pige med mobil er en film instrueret af Anja Kvistgaard.

Handling
Filmen følger en pige på vej mod teenageårene. Hun er skilsmissebarn, lidt for ung til at være interesseret i drenge, men nysgerrig og fuld af energi.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2005

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Pige med mobil


Digos, officially the City of Digos (; ), is a 2nd class component city and capital of the province of Davao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 188,376 people.

The city lies on the western shores of Davao Gulf and southern foothills of Mount Apo on the island of Mindanao, centrally located between the three major cities in Mindanao, Davao City in the north, General Santos in the south and Cotabato City in the west.

It is considered as part of Metropolitan Davao.

It is known for its sweet-juicy 'carabao variety mango,' sold locally and exported abroad, thus being dubbed as the Mango Capital City of the Philippines. It is also considered as The Gate City Of The South.

On September 8, 2000, Digos was converted into a city.

History

In the early days, Digos was a watercourse, a meeting place of inhabitants belonging to the Austronesians who settled along the southern foothills of Mt. Apo. The Digos River meets Davao Gulf and it is ideal for fishing and bathing.

Digos was once part of the Sultanate of Maguindanao. During the 1800s, it was under the influence of Datu Bago, a Maguindanaon datu who led the resistance in Davao Region against the Spanish Empire.

During the Spanish Era, a group of natives carrying bows and arrows were approached by some Spaniards traversing the very fertile tracts of land in Davao. One Lopez Jaena Pacheco, a conquistador during the administration of Governor Claveria serving as the head of the group, inquired about the name of the place from the barefooted natives. Believing that the Spaniards were asking where they were bound to, the natives answered "Padigus", which means "to take a bath". Since then the place was identified as Digos.

As a portion of the "food bowl" of the province of Davao del Sur, otherwise known as the Padada Valley, Digos lured many migrants, majority of whom came from the Visayas and Ilocos regions to settle permanently in the area. Before World War II, an enterprising American by the name of N.E. Crumb leased 10.24 km2 and transformed the place into an Abaca Plantation. This became the hub of economic activity in the locality during those days.

Digos was occupied by the Japanese troops in 1942.

In 1945, through the brave efforts of the combined forces of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, the local Davaoeño guerrilla units from the Davao peninsula, and the United States military, the Japanese soldiers were defeated.

Through the initiation of then Congressman Apolinario Cabigon, Digos, became a regular municipality in 1949 by virtue of Presidential Executive Order No. 236, dated July 19, 1949, issued by President Quirino. Its Coverage included the barrios of Tres de Mayo, Goma Bansalan, Matanao, Darapuay and the Poblacion where the seat of government was located. Before its creation into a municipality, Digos was a barrio of Santa Cruz, a town 16 kilometers away. On July 19, 1949, the town was formally inaugurated with Benito Rabor appointed as Mayor.

Digos in later years, before its conversion into a city, was regarded as the capital town of the Province of Davao del Sur, long before it gained the status of a First Class Municipality in 1993, being center for trade, commerce and education, accruing to its strategic location at the cross point of two principal thoroughfares in the south.

Cityhood

In July 1998, the bid to convert into a city was moved and initiated by Mayor Arsenio A. Latasa, considering its very satisfactory qualifications required for in R.A. 7160

House Bill No. 5672 dated November 24, 1998, of Congress authored by Congressman Douglas Ra. Cagas, led to the drafting of Republic Act 8798, converting the Municipality of Digos into a component City of Davao del Sur, which was signed by President Joseph E. Estrada on July 14, 2000, and ratified by the Digoseños on September 8, 2000.

Geography
Digos shares common boundaries with the municipalities of Hagonoy in the south, Bansalan in the north and northwest by Siranagan and Miral Creek and with Santa Cruz in the northeast. It is bounded in the east by Davao Gulf. It has a total land area of  consisting of 26 barangays; nine (9) of which comprise the poblacion or urban center.

The land topography of Digos ranges from hilly to mountainous in the north-northeast portion and flat and slightly rolling at the coastal barangays, while the urban area and the surrounding barangays in the south portion are generally flat. Generally, climate in Digos falls under the fourth type while wind direction is prevalent from northeast to southwest. On the other hand, rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year wherein during the period from 1995 to 2000, there was no observed extreme dry or wet season.

Climate

Barangays
Digos is politically subdivided into 26 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks  while some have sitios.

 Aplaya
 Balabag
 San Jose (Balutakay)
 Binaton
 Cogon
 Colorado
 Dawis
 Dulangan
 Goma
 Igpit
 Kiagot
 Lungag
 Mahayahay
 Matti
 Kapatagan (Rizal)
 Ruparan
 San Agustin
 San Miguel (Odaca)
 San Roque
 Sinawilan
 Soong
 Tiguman
 Tres De Mayo
 Zone 1 (Pob.)
 Zone 2 (Pob.)
 Zone 3 (Pob.)

Demographics

Economy

Agriculture is a major component of Digos's economy. Some 9,330 households or 37% of the total households are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. Of the total households dependent on agriculture, 91% are engaged in farming and the remaining 9% in fishing. The total area devoted to agriculture covered 8, 944.1 hectares, representing 31% of the total land area of Digos. The more important agricultural crops grown in the area include coconut, sugarcane, mango and banana. Among the agricultural crops, the staple crops rice and corn are the most widely grown.

Government

Elected officials
Members of the Digos City Council (2019–2022):
 Mayor: Josef Cagas
 Vice Mayor: Johari Baña
 City Councilors: Xymber Latasa

Culture

Fiestas and festivals
Sinulog sa Digos - every January 15
San Isidrio Labrador - every May 15
Padigosan Festival - every July 19
Mary Mediatrix - every August 22
Araw ng Digos - every September 8
GKK/BEC (Gagmay'ng Kristohanong Katilingban/Basic Ecclessial Community) Fiestas - Depends on the feast day of the patron saint.

Infrastructure

Transportation
Local means of transportation is served by almost 5,000 tricycles known locally as just "Pedicab". Transportation to its barangays and adjacent municipalities are served by single Motorcycles (SKYLAB/HABAL-HABAL), Multicabs, Jeepneys, and L300 Vans. Public Utility Vans also served routes to and from the cities of Davao, Cotabato, Kidapawan, Tacurong-Isulan, Koronadal and General Santos.

Bus Company operating in the city of Digos:
Mindanao Star (General Santos, Davao City & Cotabato City)
Davao Metro Shuttle (Tagum City)
Yellow Bus Lines Inc. (General Santos/Koronadal City)
Grand Transport Corp. (Tacurong City)
SEMTRAMPCO (Digos)
Tacurong Express (Tacurong City)
Davao ACF Bus Line (Malita, Davao del Sur)

Hospitals/healthcare facilities

Education

Public and private schools in Digos:

Tertiary
Cor Jesu College (private, catholic)
University of Mindanao Digos Campus (private, non-sectarian)
Polytechnic College of Davao del Sur (private)
Davao del Sur State College (DSSC/SPAMAST) - Digos Campus (public)
John Paul II Seminary (theological school, Diocese of Digos)
PRIME Innovations, Technical and Vocational School [PITVS] (Private, Non-Sectarian)
Southern Mindanao Computer College (private)
Philippine International Technological School (private)
Adventure College Of Technology And Science (private)
Mindanao Technological Institute (private)
Digital Systems Institute (private)
Digos Institute Of Technical Education (private)

Secondary

Cor Jesu College High School Department
Digos City National High School
Holy Cross Academy Inc.
The Lighthouse Accelerated Christian School
Polytechnic College of Davao del Sur High School Department
Digos City National High School Igpit Extension
Kapatagan National High School
Aplaya National High School
Ruparan National High School
Digos City National High School Soong Extension
Igpit National High School
 Digos City National High School - Balabag High School Annex
 Digos Central Adventist Academy - Lapu lapu Ext.
 Matti National High School
Saver's Technological College of Davao Inc.

Notable personalities

 Scottie Thompson
 KZ Tandingan

References

External links

 Digos Profile at the DTI Cities and Municipalities Competitive Index
 [ Philippine Standard Geographic Code]
 Local Governance Performance Management System

Cities in Davao del Sur
Provincial capitals of the Philippines
Populated places established in 1949
1949 establishments in the Philippines
Component cities in the Philippines
Establishments by Philippine executive order

Digos


Cleptes semiauratus er tegund af gullvespum, sem finnst í mestallri Evrópu.

Tilvísanir

Tenglar
 Cleptes at insectoid.info
 Cleptes semiauratus (Linnaeus, 1761) Myndir og útbreiðslukort hjá Chrysis.net

Gullvespur

Cleptes semiauratus


Isabela Garcia Costa (n. Rio de Janeiro, 11 iunie 1967) este o consacrată actriță braziliană. În tinerețe, ea a fost numită "Shirley Temple" brazilian.

A avut premiera la TV Globo la vârsta de patru ani în "Medéia", episod al programului de Caso Especial. În ianuarie 2018, actrița și-a anunțat plecarea de la TV Globo, după 46 de ani de pe stație.

Viața personală
Isabela este fiica lui Dirce Prieto și a radiatorului Gilberto Garcia, decedat în 1996. Are trei frați: Gilberto, Ricardo și Rosana Garcia, actriță, interpret al celebrului Narizinho al lui Sítio do Picapau Amarelo.

Ea este mama a patru copii: João Pedro Bonfá (fiul fostului baterist al Legião Urbana, Marcelo Bonfá), Gabriella Garcia Wanderley (fiica fotografului André Wanderley) și gemenii Francisco și Bernardo Thiré. (copii ai actorului Carlos Arthur Thiré).

Isabela are o nepoată, Luísa, născută în 2011.

Filmografie (selecție)

Televiziune
 O Semideus (1973)
 Vejo a Lua no Céu (1976)
 Nina (1977)
 Sítio do Picapau Amarelo (1978)
 Pai Herói (1979)
 Água Viva (1980)
 O Amor É Nosso (1981)
 Corpo a Corpo (1984)
 De Quina pra Lua (1985)
 Anos Dourados (1986)
 Roda de Fogo (1986)
 Copilul la bord (1988)
 O Sexo dos Anjos (1989)
 Lua Cheia de Amor (1990)
 Perigosas Peruas (1992)
 Sonho Meu (1993)
 Irmãos Coragem (1995)
 A Vida como Ela É... (1996)
 O Amor Está no Ar (1997)
 Labirinto (1998)
 Andando nas Nuvens (1999)
 Estrela-Guia (2001)
 Celebritate (2003)
 JK (2006)
 Belíssima (2006)
 Paraíso Tropical (2007)
 Cama de Gato (2009)
 As Cariocas (2010)
 Insensato Coração (2011)
 Lado a Lado (2012)
 Malhação Casa Cheia (2013)
 Êta Mundo Bom! (2016)
 O Sétimo Guardião (2018)

Referințe

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1967
Actori brazilieni
Oameni în viață

Isabela Garcia


"Havana" er en sang indspillet af den cubansk-amerikanske sanger Camila Cabello, hvor den amerikanske rapper Young Thug sang med. Den blev udgivet den 3. august 2017 som en reklamesingle fra hendes debutstudiealbum The Hurting. The Healing. The Loving., som senere ændrede titel til Camila (2018), samtidig med udgivelsen af sangen "OMG". Den 30. august 2017 bekræftede Cabello, via sociale medier, sangen som albummets anden single. Den udkom til radio den 8. september 2017.

Mens sangen blev udgivet var Camila Cabello på top-10 listen over mest streamede gamere på platformen Twitch.

Den 3. november 2017 nåede sangen førstepladsen i Storbritannien.

Andre versioner
Den 11. november 2017 blev en remixversion af sangen med Puerto Rico-rapperen Daddy Yankee uploadet til Cabellos YouTube-side. Det første vers af remixen er sunget på spansk, hvor Daddy Yankee erstatter Young Thugs vers.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Sange fra 2017
Singler fra 2017

Havana (Camila Cabello-sang)


شارلس تومسون ريس ويلسون (بالإنجليزية Charles Thomson Rees Wilson)) (مواليد 14 فبراير 1869 - 15 نوفمبر 1959) كان عالم فيزياء وعلم الطقس اسكتلندي حصل على جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء عام 1927 عن اختراعه للغرفة الغيمية
.

حياته

ولد تشارلز ويلسون في ميدلوثيان-سكوتلندا لأب مزارع، اسمه جون ويلسون، وكان اسم أمه هو «آني كليرك هاربر». بعد موت والده عام 1873 انتقلت عائلته للعيش في مانشستر. درسَ علم الأحياء في كلية أوين (والتي تعرف الآن باسم جامعة مانشستر) وكان يطمح لدراسة الفيزياء. بعدها انتقل إلى كلية سيدني ساسكس في كامبريدج حيث حصر اهتمامه هناك في الفيزياء والكيمياء.

بعد ذلك انحصر اهتمام تشارلز ويلسون بعلم الطقس، وفي عام 1893 بدأ بدراسة الغيوم وخصائصها. عمل خلال عام 1894 في مرصد على قمة جبل «بين نافيس»، أعلى قمم سكوتلندا، حيث تمكن من مراقبة تشكل الغيوم.

بدأ بعد ذلك بالإعداد لتشكيل الغيوم في المختبر، فقام في جامعة كامبريدج بعمل تمدد للهواء الرطب داخل إناء محكم الإغلاق. بعد ذلك عمل عددا من التجارب وتمكن من عرض تشكل الغيوم في غرفة خاصة ( وهي ليست غرفة كغرف المنزل بالطبع، ولكنها حاوية كبيرة)، وذلك بتعريض الهواء ( أو الغاز) الرطب في الحجرة لدفعة من الأيونات والإشعاعات. بسبب هذا الاختراع، الذي أطلق عليه الغرفة الغيمية، فقد مُنح تشارلز ويلسون جائزة نوبل للفيزياء عام 1927.

تزوج تشارلز ويلسون من ابنة قس في غلاسكو، اسمها جيسي فراستر، وكان ذلك عام 1908، وأنجب منها أربعة من الأولاد.

وفاته

توفّيَ تشارلز ويلسون في مدينة إدنبرة الاستكتيندية عام 1959.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص من ميدلوثيان
أكاديميو جامعة كامبريدج
إسكتلنديون حازوا جائزة نوبل
حاصلون على ميدالية هوارد ن. بوتس
بريطانيون حازوا جائزة نوبل
حائزون على الوسام الملكي
حائزون على جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء
حائزون على وسام فرانكلين
حائزون على وسام كوبلاي
خبراء أرصاد جوية إسكتلنديون
خريجو جامعة كامبريدج
خريجو جامعة مانشستر
خريجو كلية سيدني ساسكس (جامعة كامبريدج)
زملاء الجمعية الملكية
زملاء الجمعية الملكية في إدنبرة
علماء الفيزياء التجريبية
علماء مسيحيون
فيزيائيو القرن 20
فيزيائيون إسكتلنديون
فيزيائيون بريطانيون في القرن 20
كيميائيون إسكتلنديون
مواليد 1869
وفيات 1959
وفيات في إدنبرة

تشارلز ويلسون


An Nitidobulbon cymbidioides in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Dodson, J.T.Atwood ngan Germán Carnevali, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Isidro Ojeda och G.A.Romer. An Nitidobulbon cymbidioides in nahilalakip ha genus nga Nitidobulbon, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Nitidobulbon

Nitidobulbon cymbidioides


Vera Illarionovna Galusjka-Dujunova (, født 11. april 1945, død 2. marts 2012) var en sovjetisk volleyballspiller, der spillede på det sovjetiske landshold ved blandt andet OL 1968 og 1972).

Hun var født Galusjka i Krasnodar og begyndte at spille volleyball i hjembyens klub Dynamo i 1961. I perioden 1965-1975 spillede hun i Dynamo Tasjkent. Hun spillede på landsholdet i perioden 1966-1974, og hun var dermed en del af det hold, der dominerede sporten i 1960'erne og begyndelsen af 1970'erne, hvor det blev til guldmedalje ved både OL 1968 og OL 1972. Desuden vandt Sovjetunionen VM-guld i 1970 og -sølv i 1974, ligesom det blev til guld ved World Cup 1973 og Universiaden samme år.

Efter sin aktive karriere arbejdede Galusjka-Dujunova (som hun hed fra 1969) som træner i sin sport i Usbekistan. Senere fungerede hun på det organisatoriske plan, blandt andet en periode som præsident for de usbekiske olympiske deltagere, formand for Usbekistans volleyballforbund og vicepræsident for landets olympiske komité.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Volleyballspillere
Deltagere for Sovjetunionen ved sommer-OL 1968
Deltagere for Sovjetunionen ved sommer-OL 1972
Medaljevindere ved sommer-OL 1968
Medaljevindere ved sommer-OL 1972
Olympiske mestre fra Sovjetunionen

Vera Galusjka-Dujunova


The kepi (  ) is a cap with a flat circular top and a peak, or visor. In English, the term is a loanword from , itself a re-spelled version of the , a diminutive form of , meaning "cap". In Europe, the kepi is most commonly associated with French military and police uniforms, though versions of it were widely worn by other armies during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In North America, it is usually associated with the American Civil War, as it was worn by soldiers on both sides of the conflict.

French army – history

The kepi was formerly the most common headgear in the French Army. Its predecessor originally appeared during the 1830s, in the course of the initial stages of the occupation of Algeria, as a series of various lightweight cane-framed cloth undress caps called casquette d'Afrique. These were intended as alternatives to the heavier, cloth-covered leather French Army shako. As a light and comfortable headdress, it was adopted by the metropolitan (French mainland) infantry regiments for service and daily wear, with the less practical shako being relegated to parade use. In 1852, a new soft cloth cap was introduced for campaign and off-duty. Called bonnet de police à visière, this was the first proper model of the kepi. The visor was generally squarish in shape and oversized and was referred to as bec de canard (duck bill). This kepi had no chinstrap (jugulaire). Subsequent designs reduced the size of the cap and introduced chinstraps and buttons. The kepi became well known outside France during the Crimean War and was subsequently adopted in various forms by a number of other armies (including the U.S. and Russian) during the 1860s and 1870s.

In 1870, when troops were mobilized for the Franco-Prussian War, large numbers of French soldiers either refused to wear the issued shakos or threw them away. Emperor Napoléon III abolished the infantry shako for active service and replaced it with the kepi on 30 July 1870.

In 1876, a new model appeared with a rounded visor, as the squared visor drooped when wet and curled when drying. The model used in World War I was the 1886 pattern, which was a fuller shape incorporating air vents. Described as an "ideal headdress - which was cheap, distinctive and easy to produce", the M1886 kepi's only significant drawback was that the sunken crown collected rain.

By 1900, the kepi had become the standard headdress of most French army units and (along with the red trousers of the period 1829–1914) a symbol of the French soldier. It appeared in full dress (with inner stiffening and ornamental plume or ball ornament) and service versions. Officers' ranks were shown by gold or silver braiding circling the centre and as a trefoil on the crown. The different branches were distinguished by the colours of the cap – see the table. Cavalry normally wore shakos or plumed helmets, reserving red kepis with light or dark blue bands for wear in barracks. General officers wore (and continue to wear for ceremonial purposes) kepis with gold oak leaves embroidered around the band.

In 1914, most French soldiers wore their kepis to war. The highly visible colours were hidden by a medium blue-grey cover, following the example of the Foreign Legion and other North African units who had long worn their kepis with white (or later khaki) covers in the field. With the adoption of "horizon blue" (light blue-grey) uniforms and steel Adrian helmets in 1915 to replace the conspicuous peacetime uniforms worn during the early months of the war, the kepi was generally replaced by folding forage caps. Officers, however, still wore kepis behind the lines.

Following the war, the kepi was gradually reintroduced in the peacetime French Army, but was never adopted for wear in the Navy or Air Force. The Foreign Legion resumed wearing it in 1926; initially in red and blue, and then in 1939, with white covers on all occasions. The bulk of the French army readopted the kepi in the various traditional branch colours for off-duty wear during the 1930s. It had now become a straight-sided and higher headdress than the traditional soft cap. This made it unsuitable for wartime wear, and after 1940, it was seldom worn, except by officers. An exception was the Foreign Legion, who, previously just one of the many units that wore the kepi, now adopted it in its white version as a symbol.

Modern French usage

Army
The decision in 1991 to end conscription in France, and to rely on voluntary enlistment, has led to the readoption of various traditional items for dress wear. This has included the reappearance in the army of the kepi which is now worn by all ranks in the majority of units, on appropriate occasions. Within the army, particularly notable are the kepis of the French Foreign Legion, whose members are sometimes called képis blancs (white kepis), because of the unit's regulation white headgear. Former cavalry units wear light blue kepis with red tops and silver braid (for officers) and insignia. Other colours include all dark blue with red piping (for artillery units), dark blue with red tops (line infantry) and crimson with red tops (medical). The "dark blue" of officers' kepis is very similar to black.

Other French organizations
The kepi was adopted in 1854 for wear as a working headdress by police agents and sergents de ville as an alternative to the heavy and less practical bicorne previously worn.

The French National Police discarded their dark blue kepis in 1984 as part of a general updating of uniforms, adopting a low peaked cap. The reason given was that the rigid kepi, while smart and distinctive, was inconvenient for ordinary use and too high to be comfortably worn in vehicles.

French customs officers (douaniers) and the Gendarmerie still wear kepis for ceremonial duty. Customs officers wear a baseball style cap for ordinary duties (since 1994 with many variations) while the Gendarmerie introduced a "soft kepi" in the early 2000s.

North American usage

In the United States, the kepi is most often associated with the American Civil War era, and continued into the Indian Wars. Union soldiers were generally issued kepis for fatigue use. A close copy of the contemporary French kepi,
it had a sunken top and squared visor. It was often called a "McClellan cap", after the Union commander of the Army of the Potomac, G. B. McClellan. For field officers, the caps were often decorated in a French-influenced style, with a dark velvet band around the base and black silk braiding on the crown. The kepi was also popular with various state units and as privately purchased headgear; e.g., it was standard issue in 1861 for New York infantry regiments.

The kepi is not to be confused with the model 1858 forage cap, sometimes called a "bummer cap" or McDowell cap, which evolved directly from the shako used by the regular army earlier in the 1850s (see the design of the crown, chinstrap, brim, and buckle). Essentially, the forage cap, described by some troops as "shapeless as a feedbag", was a less-expensive and more comfortable version of the earlier shako with the stiffening removed. The forage cap became the most common form of cap worn by U.S. regulars and volunteers during the American Civil War, though it is most commonly associated with the eastern theater of the war, since western troops generally preferred broad-brimmed felt hats (see photos of Sherman's army parading through Washington D.C. at war's end). Some Union units wore coloured variants, as some illustrative examples show:

14th New York State Militia (from Brooklyn) – dark blue base, red sides, dark blue top, red circular insert
12th New York Infantry – red base, grey sides, red top, white piping and later – dark blue base, light blue top and sides, white piping
11th Indiana Infantry – all red cap
United States Cavalry – Dark blue with a yellow base.
U.S. Sharpshooters – dark green (also used forage caps)

While some Confederate troops wore the forage cap (Confederate General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson wore the plain dark blue round-visored forage cap from his days as an instructor at the Virginia Military Institute), Confederate uniform regulations specified a French-style kepi. These were to be trimmed as follows:

Confederate Regulars:
1st pattern
Infantry – light blue base, grey sides and top
Cavalry – yellow base, grey sides and top
Artillery – red base, grey sides and top
2nd pattern
Infantry – dark blue base, light blue sides and top
Cavalry – dark blue base, yellow sides and top
Artillery – dark blue base, red sides and top

The regulations were often ignored because of the scarcity of materials and the need for rapid production. The average Confederate kepi usually was a simple gray or butternut cap made of wool or jean wool. To save leather for shoes and accoutrements, by mid-war Confederate kepi brims often were made of tarred cloth; chinstraps were sometimes omitted.   Many Confederate units wore unique versions of the kepi. These included:

Winchester Zouave Cadets (of South Carolina) – all red
Kentucky Brigade cavalry – all yellow
Alexandria Rifles (of Virginia) – dark green

After the war the U.S. Army issued a series of kepi undress caps, characterised by their increasing smartness and decreasing practicality. The last model was issued in 1896. When the United States introduced a revised blue dress uniform in 1902, the kepi was discontinued in favour of a conventional visor cap with wide top and a steep visor.

The US Army's and Air Force's current patrol cap, the standard covers in utility uniforms (the ACU and ABU, respectively), is a variation of the flat-topped, visored kepi. Its modern lineage can be traced to World War II, and during the Cold War period was "blocked" with heavy starching and ironing (referred to as a "Ridgeway cap"). It was replaced with a baseball-style cap during the Vietnam War. The present-day patrol cap was introduced in the 1980s with the transition to the M81 BDU uniforms, and was retained when the Army adopted the UCP digital-pattern camouflage uniforms in 2005, and Air Force's adoption of the ABU in 2007.

South America

During the Paraguayan War between Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay versus Paraguay — the Brazilian, Argentine, and Uruguayan troops and officers primarily wore kepis, though many Brazilian troops wore brimmed hats, and Uruguayan and Argentine light infantry wore shakos. The Paraguayans mostly wore leather shakos, but senior officers were given kepis. Leather kepis were however issued as a forage cap to Paraguayan troops, and because of poor supply standards, were often seen in combat.

With the exception noted below, the Chilean Army no longer wears kepis, but during the War of the Pacific, it was part of the standard army uniform. Similarly, the kepi is no longer worn by the modern Peruvian armed forces and police, but was part of the uniforms worn during the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Today, the following ceremonial units in several countries still use the kepi:

 in Chile, the 4th Company of the 6th Infantry Regiment "Chacabuco" and the 1st Historical Company of the 4th Mechanized Infantry Brigade "Rancagua";
 in Peru, the Fanning Marine Company of the Peruvian Navy; and the National Police of Peru's Guards Inspector Mariano Santos Company. Both retain the War of the Pacific uniforms, respectively, of the Peruvian Navy and the Civil Guards of Peru. A Peruvian Army company has recently adopted the kepi and white uniforms worn by the 2nd Infantry Battalion "Zepita" — a style used during the War of the Pacific — for public parades.
 The Bolivian Colorados Regiment (1st Infantry) and the 2nd and 3rd Infantry Regiments of the Bolivian Army, together with cadets of the Army NCO School, also wear the kepi as part of their full dress uniforms on major ceremonial occasions.
 The Paraguayan Army Presidential Guard Regiment, together with the Army Headquarters, have platoons dressed in the Paraguayan War uniforms complete with black kepis.

The Argentine National Gendarmerie (Gendarmería Nacional Argentina; GNA) members wears a green kepi as part of fatigue and full dress uniforms.

Military/police usage elsewhere

The practical nature and relatively low cost of the kepi made it a popular military headdress from the mid-nineteenth century on. Many Latin American armies wore kepis in the late 19th and early 20th centuries which were close copies of the French model. Other armies that favoured kepis during the final period of colourful uniforms that ended with World War I included the Danish, Portuguese, Dutch, Italian (officers only), and Romanian armies. Even the Japanese Army adopted French-style kepis for senior officers in full dress, as well as for their Gendarmerie units and military bands. Significantly such historic opponents of France as Germany and Britain, avoided the use of kepis, with only a few short-lived exceptions, such as for service in India during the 1850s-60s. During this time the Albert shako was preferred. This may have been for practical rather than patriotic reasons, as the distinctive profile of the kepi would be likely to lead to confusion in battle.

Belgium
Influenced by France's adoption of the kepi, Belgium introduced it in 1845 as a forage cap for infantry other ranks. This headdress was worn until 1868 when a new model without a vizor was adopted. Officers of infantry and cavalry regiments wore their own version of the kepi from 1859 until the First World War.
It was modified several times over the decades, the last version being the 1900/1910 model. By that time it had evolved into a comparatively tall cylinder with the national emblem at the front and a cross-shaped Austrian knot on the crown. The wearer's rank was indicated by a system of horizontal and vertical bands of gold or silver braid. The kepi was also worn by officers of the General Staff.

In September 1914 the wide range of peacetime headdresses (shakos, busbies, "Corsican" caps, czapkas and bearskins) still being worn by the Belgian Army, were replaced by the universal "Yser" kepi. This consisted of a dark blue or green soft cap with folding double flaps.
With the adoption of a British-style khaki uniform from 1915, the kepi was abandoned in favour of the peaked cap for all ranks,
with the exception of the paramilitary Gendarmerie, who continued to wear the kepi as part of their parade dress until the 1960s.

Denmark
Used by all soldiers of the Danish army until World War II, it is now only retained as part of the full dress uniforms for officers.

Germany

In Nazi Germany, the brown stiff kepi () of Hitler's Brownshirt Stormtroopers (SA, ) and its black version initially worn by the members of the SS (before it was replaced by a peaked cap) were derived from surplus Austrian equipment.

Greece
The Hellenic Army and the paramilitary Hellenic Gendarmerie historically followed French patterns in organization, doctrine, and dress since its establishment. A dark blue (green for cavalry) kepi was adopted in the 1860s, and used until khaki field uniforms were introduced in 1910, whereupon it remained in use in ceremonial uniforms. The 1915 pattern uniform adopted a German-inspired peaked cap instead, but after Greece's entry in World War I, the Greek military was re-equipped by the French, and the kepi returned to use. It was retained as part of both field and ceremonial uniforms until the adoption of British-style uniforms in 1937. Ceremonial use continued in the No.1 gala uniform until the early 1970s. In the post-1974 Third Hellenic Republic, it is used exclusively by the officer instructors and cadets of the Hellenic Army Academy (in blue), by the cadets of the NCO Academy, and by the honour guards of the Ministry of National Defence (in blue).

As a result of the historical military usage, the kepi is still widely used by uniformed marching bands in Greece.

India

In India, during the French colonial rule of Pondicherry, Yanam, Karaikal and Mahé, kepis were worn by two kinds of policemen, the Armed and the Indigenous, differentiated by the colour of the kepis they wore. While the law and order forces wore bright red caps, the armed constabulary was conspicuous by its blue kepis. After Indian Independence, the former French colonial territory was integrated into the Union Territory of Puducherry and the bright red kepi continues to be the headgear of the constabulary — both for the local and the armed police signifying the cultural and administrative legacies left by the former colonialists.

Iran
In Iran this kind of headdress was known as the "Pahlavi hat" (kolah pahlavi, کلاه پهلوی). Only worn for a brief period, from 1927 until the 1930s, it was generally of a grey color.

Italy
The kepi was the main headdress in the Italian Army from its constitution to 1933, in both ceremonial and field uniforms. It had different degrees of markings for branch or unit, and rank. From its traditional blue, rigid shape, the kepi evolved in 1909 a field version, more comfortable and in the Army's traditional 'grigioverde' (gray-green), with increasingly less visible markings. Since then, it was gradually substituted with the more comfortable side cap and later - during the Second World War - the beret; the kepi remains standard issue with historical uniforms for both the Army and the Police, especially for musicians and education institutions, as part of their ceremonial dress.

Latvia
In modern ceremonial dress the Latvian National Armed Forces Staff Battalion and musicians of the Central Military Band of the Latvian National Armed Forces both wear backward sloping kepis of the style worn by the Belgian Army immediately prior to World War I.

Luxembourg
Kepis with a slightly higher back were formerly worn by the Luxembourg Army until 1945. Since World War II they were replaced by British Army-style peak caps.

The same kepis with higher back were also worn by the former Grand Ducal Gendarmerie in a blue version corresponding to the colour of their uniforms.

The kepi is still used by the newly created Grand Ducal Police which replaced the Gendarmerie and the local police forces in 2000.

Northern Ireland
A form of kepi is worn by female officers in the Police Service of Northern Ireland. It was formerly used by the Royal Ulster Constabulary.

Norway
The Norwegian armed forces used kepis until World War II and still retain them as part of the full dress of officer cadets.

Spain
In Spain, a version of the kepi (actually a low shako), the ros, is used by the Guardia Real (Royal Guard) and the Regimiento de Infantería Inmemorial del Rey for ceremonial functions. The Spanish 1887 regulation kepi or Teresiana was made of black oilcloth with a tortoise shell visor. A plainer form of kepi was retained by the Civil Guard as its non-ceremonial headdress for normal police duties, until it was abolished under the 2011 revised regulations and replaced by a baseball cap.

Sweden
In Sweden, the kepi has been used with several uniform types for the Swedish Army. The most common was the grey kepi worn as part of the M1923 field uniform and the dark blue kepi worn as part of the uniform types m/1886 and m/1895, and still in use by the Life Guards.

Switzerland

In Switzerland, the kepi was worn as a part of the dress uniforms of senior NCOs (Sergeant major and above) and officers (with additional rank insignia) until the 1995 army reform (Swiss Armed Forces). Since then, it has only been worn by senior staff officers (Brigadier general and higher).

Thailand
In Thailand, the kepi has been used with the study uniform and casual attire of police cadets at the Thai Royal Police Cadet Academy (RPCA).

Non-military use

Kepis also found their way into the uniforms of numerous railway and streetcar operators in the United States. From there it was adopted by other public transport operators around the world, including the examples given below:
in Brisbane, Australia, drivers and conductors continued to wear distinctive white kepis with black visors until 1961. Brisbane bus inspectors continued to wear black kepis with decorative braid until the introduction of a blue version in 1987. Brisbane Transport finally replaced inspectors' kepis in 1995, although as of 2006 they could still be worn at official functions.
Belgian Railways conductors (but not train drivers or other personnel) wear a kepi as part of their daily uniform.
Train dispatchers (Pengatur Perjalanan Kereta Api/PPKA) of the Indonesian Railways wear a red kepi as part of their uniform.
A form of kepi modeled on the Austrian ski-cap was the standard headgear of uniformed British Rail male employees from the mid-1960s to the mid-1980s.
A round peak-less cap with an outline resemblance to a kepi is also worn by traditional student fraternities () in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Belgium. They come in different varieties and are very colorful in appearance.
In the United States, the Nation of Islam's security/executive protection force, the Fruit of Islam, also wears a dark blue version of the kepi.

Gallery

See also

Peaked cap
Military uniforms
Dress uniform
Full dress uniform
List of headgear
Cap

References

1850s fashion
19th-century fashion
20th-century fashion
Caps
Hats
Headgear
Military uniforms
French clothing
Civil War military equipment of the United States
Franco-Prussian War
Military hats

Kepi


Ronald Wolf Möbus, auch bekannt unter den Pseudonymen Hellsturm und Wolf, ist ein deutscher Rechtsextremist und Musiker im Bereich National Socialist Black Metal (NSBM).

Leben
Möbus ist der Sohn des ehemaligen CDU-Abgeordneten des Thüringer Landtags Walter Möbus. Von den insgesamt sechs Kindern der Familie ist er das älteste Kind. Er ist der Bruder von Hendrik Möbus.

Aufgewachsen war er in Sondershausen, zu Beginn der 1990er Jahre studierte er in Leipzig Jura.

Ronald Möbus veröffentlichte in den frühen 1990er-Jahren das Black-Metal-Fanzine Infernus, das im Zuge der medialen Aufmerksamkeit um Möbus' jüngeren Bruder Hendrik und den Mordfall von Sondershausen wegen seiner kontroversen Inhalte selbst Aufmerksamkeit erregte. Es erschienen 4 Ausgaben, die inzwischen in Buchform nachgedruckt wurden.

Nach eigenen Angaben war Ronald Möbus eines der Gründungsmitglieder der Band Absurd, den Posten als Schlagzeuger habe er nach einigen Wochen an Hendrik übergeben, "um ihn in die Band zu integrieren, und wollte dann Bass spielen". Zu hören ist er jedoch nur auf zwei Demo-Kassetten. Möbus spielte jedoch in den Bands Sacrifice Slaughtered Jesus, Wolfsburg (zusammen mit Richard Neu von Silencelike Death Productions, Siren, Lestat, Nidhöggsburg und dem Fanzine Viking Force) und Heldentum und übersetzte für Abyssic Hate aus Australien den Text eines Absurd-Lieds.

Nachdem Hendrik Möbus aus dem Gefängnis entlassen worden war, betrieben Ronald und er die Plattenfirma Darker Than Black Records und erregten durch gemeinsame Photographien im ehemaligen KZ Auschwitz, unter anderem mit Keltenkreuz- und Reichskriegsflaggen und vor den Verbrennungsöfen, Aufmerksamkeit. Ihre Aktivitäten wurden als Versuch angesehen, die Black-Metal-Szene zu politisieren, und führten dazu, dass sie im Thüringer Verfassungsschutzbericht 1999 aufgeführt wurden.

Bei den Absurd-Veröffentlichungen ab 2001 ersetzte Ronald Möbus den ursprünglichen Sänger Sebastian Schauseil.

2003 wurden Möbus' Geschäftsräume von Beamten des thüringischen Landeskriminalamtes durchsucht, die Staatsanwaltschaft Gera ermittelte wegen Unterstützung einer verbotenen Vereinigung gegen ihn, er solle die verbotene deutsche Sektion von Blood & Honour unterstützt haben.

2003 stand er zudem mit seinem Bruder Hendrik vor dem Erfurter Landgericht. Während Hendrik wegen Volksverhetzung, Verunglimpfung des Andenkens Verstorbener und Verwenden von Kennzeichen verfassungswidriger Organisationen zu vier Jahren Haft verurteilt wurde, erhielt der bislang nicht vorbestrafte Ronald Möbus am 13. Mai eine Freiheitsstrafe, die für drei Jahre zur Bewährung ausgesetzt wurde.

Ronald Möbus betrieb zeitweise das rechtsextreme Musiklabel Nebelfee Klangwerke zusammen mit seiner ehemaligen Lebensgefährtin Heike Langguth. Das später unter dem Namen Nebelklang firmierende Label, das neben Absurd eine Reihe weiterer rechtsextremer, aber auch unpolitischer Bands vertrieb, war bis 2012 auf Robert Ullrich aus Gera angemeldet. Stand 2021 steht im Impressum die fascination media UG, deren Geschäftsführer Hendrik Möbus ist.

Seit 2019 betreibt er gemeinsam mit Paul M. (Leichenzug) die Black-Metal-Gruppe Der Tod und die Landsknechte, mit der er auch live auftritt.

Diskografie
Mit Sacrifice Slaughtered Jesus
 1994: The Return of Nidhögg (Demoaufnahme, 2010 wiederveröffentlicht auf Absurds Life Beyond the Grave: 1992–1994)

Mit Siren
 1995: The Calling… (Demo, Gastgesang bei Der Wolf)

Mit Heldentum
 1996: Totenburg / Die Eiche (Split-7" mit Absurd, Silencelike Death Productions)
 2003: Waffenweihe (Blut & Eisen Productions, Nebelfee Klangwerke)

Mit Abyssic Hate
 1998: Eternal Damnation (Darker Than Black Records; Übersetzung des Textes zu The Victory Is Ours, im Original Der Sieg ist unser von Absurd)

Mit Wolfsburg
 1999: We Are Legion (Split-7" mit Barbatos, Silencelike Death Productions)

Mit Barad Dûr
 1999: Dunkelheit (Darker Than Black Records; Produktion)

Mit Absurd

Alben
 2001: Werwolfthron (Nebelfee Klangwerke)
 2003: Totenlieder (W.T.C. Productions, Nebelfee Klangwerke)
 2005: Blutgericht (W.T.C. Productions, Nebelfee Klangwerke; indiziert seit Juli 2011)
 2008: Der fünfzehnjährige Krieg (W.T.C. Productions, Nebelfee Klangwerke, Darker Than Black Records; indiziert seit Dezember 2008)

EPs
 2004: Raubritter (Christhunt Productions, Nebelfee Klangwerke)
 2005: Grimmige Volksmusik (Nebelfee Klangwerke)

Split-Alben
 2002: Wolfskrieger/Galdur Vikodlaks (mit Pantheon; Nebelfee Klangwerke)
 2008: Weltenfeind (mit Grand Belial's Key und Sigrblot; The Shitagogue Records, W.T.C. Productions; indiziert seit 31. Dezember 2010)

Zusammenstellungen
 2007: Raubritter / Grimmige Volksmusik (Darker Than Black Records)
 2010: Life Beyond the Grave: 1992–1994 (Doppel-CD mit allen Demos bis einschließlich 1994; Darker Than Black Records)

Einzelnachweise

Rechtsextreme Musik
Metal-Sänger
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Mann

Ronald Möbus


Ludwig Kotter ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Ludwig Kotter (Tiermediziner) (1920–2012), deutscher Tierarzt und Hochschullehrer
 Ludwig Kotter (Politiker) (* 1929), deutscher Politiker (CSU)

Ludwig Kotter


An Spiculaea ciliata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Spiculaea ciliata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Spiculaea, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Image gallery

Spiculaea

Spiculaea ciliata


وَرِكْشير  هي مقاطعة في وسط إنجلترا حاضرتها مدينة ورك، وضمت سابقا (تقليديا) مناطقا نشأت بها مدن غرب الوسط الحديثة أثناء الثورة الصناعية، مثل برمنغم وكوفنتري. اشتهرت بصناعة الطائرات خصوصا محركاتها، ولا زال لمطار كوفنتري أهميته في هذا السياق. كما تشتهر اليوم بصناعة السيارات فتحتضن مقرات شركتي جاغوار-لاند روفر وأستون مارتن.

اليوم تبلغ مساحتها 1.975 كيلومتر مربع، وعدد سكانها 512.680 نسمة حسب إحصائيات عام 2002م.

كبرى مدنها وفق إحصائية 2004م هي ننيتن (77.500 نسمة)، ورغبي (62.100)، وبدورث (32.500)، وليمنغتن (42.300). يعيش الجزء الأكبر من السكان في الشمال وفي وسط المقاطعة. إذ أن الشمال يسيطر على الصناعة فيها مثل صناعة الاسمنت والآلات الميكانيكة ومناجم الفحم.

كانت ستراتفورد الواقعة على نهر آفون مسقط رأس شكسبير ولا زالت المقاطعة تفتخر بذلك فتلقب نفسها بـ«مقاطعة شكسبير».

أعلام

 جون جيمس
 جوديث شكسبير
 روبرت كاتسبي
 ستيفين رونسيمان
 توماس مالوري
 هامنت شكسبير
 ريتشارد بريمر
 إينوك باول
 جيوفري هاو
 سبنسر كومبتون

طالع أيضا
 قلعة كنلورث
 قلعة ورك
 جامعة ورك
 مدرسة رغبي
 غوديفا
 فرانك ويتل

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 Warwickshire County Council
 Warwickshire College Homepage
 Images of Warwickshire at the English Heritage Archive

وركشير
مقاطعات إنجلترا
مقاطعات إنجليزية أسست في العصور القديمة
مقاطعات لاحضرية
منطقة مدلاند الغربية

وركشير


Kurt Tauchmann († 2000 in Berlin) war ein deutscher Chef-Maskenbildner bei der DEFA.

Leben

Er begann seine Karriere am 2. September 1959. Sie entwickelte sich, als bis dahin bei der DEFA arbeitende westdeutsche Maskenbildner ihre Arbeit aufgaben. Tauchmann arbeitete meist für Hans Mahlich, aber auch für Lutz Köhlert und Kurt Maetzig. Er war an utopischen Filmen und DEFA-Indianerfilmen beteiligt. Überdies war er auch im Ausland in Polen und Jugoslawien tätig. In dem DEFA-Film Darf ich Petruschka zu dir sagen? von 1981 stellte er selbst einen Maskenbildner dar.

Film und Fernsehen

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Maskenbildner
Deutscher
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 2000
Mann

Kurt Tauchmann (Maskenbildner)


Grupa H din preliminariile UEFA Euro 2020 este una din cele zece grupe care decid ce echipe se califică la turneul final al UEFA Euro 2020. Grupa H constă din șase echipe: Albania, Andorra, Franța, Islanda, Republica Moldova și Turcia, unde vor juca fiecare cu fiecare tur-retur.

Primele două clasate se vor califica direct la turneul final. Spre deosebire de edițiile anterioare, nu vor exista baraje, ci doar un play-off în care accesul se face conform rezultatelor din Liga Națiunilor UEFA 2018–2019.

Clasament

Meciuri
Programarea meciurilor a fost publicată de UEFA în aceeași zi cu tragerea la sorți, la  la Dublin. Orele sunt date în CET/CEST, după cum au fost publicate de UEFA (orele locale, dacă diferă, sunt în paranteză).

Disciplină
Un jucător este automat suspendat pentru următorul meci în cazul următoarelor infracțiuni:
 Cartonaș roșu (suspendările în acest caz pot fi mărite pentru infracțiuni grave)
 Trei cartonașe galbene în trei meciuri diferite, apoi ca al cincilea cartonaș galben și fiecare cartonaș galben după acesta (suspendările pentru cartonașe galbene se reportează pentru play-off, dar nu și la turneul final sau la alte meciuri internaționale viitoare)

Note de completare

Note bibliografice

Legături externe
UEFA Euro 2020, UEFA.com
European Qualifiers, UEFA.com

Grupa H

Grupa H din preliminariile Campionatului European de Fotbal 2020


Groupe socialiste et républicain (dansk: Gruppen af socialister og republikanere) en socialdemokratisk politisk gruppe i det franske senat.

Efter valget til Senatet i september 2017 har gruppen 78 medlemmer. De fleste kommer fra Socialistpartiet.

Tidligere navne
Senatsgruppen har tidligere været kendt som:
 1959–2011: Den socialistiske gruppe (Groupe socialiste),
 2011–12: Den socialistiske gruppe med Gruppen Europa Økologi–De Grønne (Groupe socialiste, apparentés et groupe Europe Écologie Les Verts rattaché),
 2012–15: Gruppen af socialister og beslægtede (Groupe socialiste et apparentés).

Grupper i det franske senat
Etableret i 1959
Socialdemokratiske partier
Socialistiske partier

Groupe socialiste et républicain (franske senat)


Baron May, of Weybridge in the County of Surrey, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 28 June 1935 for the financial expert Sir George May, 1st Baronet. He was for many years secretary of the Prudential Assurance Company. May had already been created a Baronet, of the Eyot, in the Parish of Weybridge in the County of Surrey on 27 January 1931, in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Since 2006, the titles are held by his great-grandson.

May Baronets (1931)
Sir George Ernest May, 1st Baronet (1871–1946), created Baron May in 1935

Barons May (1935)
George Ernest May, 1st Baron May, 1st Baronet (1871–1946)
John Lawrence May, 2nd Baron May, 2nd Baronet (1904–1950)
Michael St John May, 3rd Baron May, 3rd Baronet (1931–2006)
Jasper Bertram St John May, 4th Baron May, 4th Baronet (b. 1965)

There is no heir to the barony.

References

Baronies in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
Noble titles created in 1935

Baron May


Maya and the Three (em espanhol: Maya y los tres, ) é uma minissérie de televisão de streaming pertencente aos gêneros de fantasia, aventura e ação, animada por computador, criada por Jorge R. Gutiérrez e produzida pela Tangent Animation. A série de nove episódios estreou na Netflix em 22 de outubro de 2021. A série foi indicada a sete prêmios no Annie Awards de 2022, um dos prêmios mais importantes no âmbito de animações, saindo vencedora em dois: Melhor Animação de TV para crianças, além de Melhor Música na TV, pelo trabalho de Tim Davies e Gustavo Santaolalla.

Enredo
Uma princesa com alma guerreira parte em uma missão para cumprir uma antiga profecia e salvar a humanidade da ira de deuses vingativos.

Elenco

Produção

Desenvolvimento
Em novembro de 2018, foi relatado que a Netflix estava desenvolvendo uma minissérie animada para a televisão sobre um guerreiro mesoamericano. A série tem Jorge Gutiérrez como diretor, criador e produtor executivo, enquanto Tim Yoon é produtor, Silvia Olivas e Jeff Ranjo são co-produtores executivos. Gutiérrez, Olivas, Doug Langdale e Candie Kelty Langdale são escritores, e Ranjo é o chefe da história da série. A série foi descrita por Gutiérrez, em outubro de 2018, como equivalente a uma versão mexicana de O Senhor dos Anéis, "mas hilária".

Em 15 de setembro de 2021, Gutiérrez descreveu um clipe exclusivo da série, dizendo que a cena foi inspirada em Street Fighter 2, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, Kill Bill, Ninja Scroll e uma "luta de chola" que ele viu em Tijuana, México. Ele disse a Skwigly que a série é "profundamente inspirada na gloriosa arte mesoamericana" e nas exposições do Museu Nacional de Antropologia. Ele observou que a protagonista do show, Maya, é inspirada por sua mãe, esposa e irmã, e deu a entender que teria semelhanças com seus trabalhos anteriores, El Tigre e The Book of Life.

A série encerrou o Festival de Cinema de Guadalajara, no dia 9 de outubro de 2021, com a exibição de dois episódios do programa em um evento especial.

O Software de animação 3D utilizado no desenvolvimento da animação foi o Blender de código aberto.

Episódios

Lançamento
A série foi lançada na Netflix em 22 de outubro de 2021. A Netflix a descreveu como um "evento animado contado em nove capítulos épicos".  Cada episódio da série limitada tem 30 minutos de duração, totalizando 4 horas e meia.

Recepção
No Rotten Tomatoes, a série tem um índice de aprovação de 100% com base em 14 avaliações, com nota média de 8,60/10. O consenso crítico do site diz: "A alegre fantasia de Jorge R. Gutiérrez, Maya e os Três, se destaca graças a um elenco de vozes de grande sucesso e animação impressionante, oferecendo uma aventura que arrebatará adultos e crianças."

Lovia Gyarkye, escrevendo ao The Hollywood Reporter chamou cada cena de "festa para os olhos" (...) buscando respostas sobre seu passado e tentando salvar seu reino", concluindo que "cada episódio oferece oportunidades para aprofundar nossa compreensão deste mundo fantástico e saborear a profundidade visual da série absolutamente impressionante e habilmente construída de Gutiérrez." Cristina Escobar, do Remezcla, descreveu o programa como "decididamente mexicano", observou que a série é "uma criação de mexicanos/mexicanos-americanos" e apontou maneiras pelas quais a série "honra a cultura mexicana", especialmente em ideias sobre morte, imagens intensas, amarrar o amor ao sacrifício, a língua e exaltar os indígenas.

Ligações Externas

Programas de televisão dos Estados Unidos que estrearam em 2021
Programas de televisão do México que estrearam em 2021
Vencedores do Prêmios Annie
América Central na ficção

Maya and the Three


Floorballligaen 1999-2000 var den 10. sæson af den bedste danske herrerække i floorball, og blev styret af Dansk Floorball Union. Ligaen bestod af en række øst og vest med ti hold i hver. De fire bedste øst og vest, gik i slutspillet.

Grundspil

Øst

Vest

Slutspil

Kvartfinaler

Semifinaler

Finale

Topscorer

Grundspil vest

Grundspil øst

Slutspil

Floorball-Ligaen

Floorballligaen 1999-2000


Dana White (født 28. juli 1969 i Manchester, Connecticut i USA) er en amerikansk forretningsmand og MMA-promotor. Han er den nuværende præsident for the Ultimate Fighting Championship

White har baggrund som aerobicinstruktør og etablerde i 1992 Dana White Enterprises i Las Vegas som arrangerede aerobickurs i tre forskellige træningscentere. I løbet af denne tiden fungerede han også som manager for Tito Ortiz og Chuck Liddell. Mens han arbejde som manager fik han information om at den daværende ejer af UFC Semaphore Entertainment Group var på udkig efter en køber af UFC. White kontaktede barndomsvennen Lorenzo Fertitta, og inden en måned havde Lorenzo Fertitta og hans storebror Frank Fertitta III købt UFC og White blev udnævnt til præsident af organisationen. White ejer nu 10% av Zuffa, LLC, selskabet Fertitta brødrene skabte for at styre UFC.

Boksning
White trådte for første gang ind på boksescenen, da han hjalp til med at arrangere Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Conor McGregor-mega-kampen da McGregor var kæmper hos UFC. I oktober 2017, fortalte White folk i Freddie Roach's Wild Card West boxing club at han ville: "getting into boxing, 100 percent."

Referencer

Erhvervsfolk fra USA
Ultimate Fighting Championship

Dana White


A voiceless postalveolar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The International Phonetic Association uses the term voiceless postalveolar fricative only for the sound , but it also describes the voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative , for which there are significant perceptual differences.

Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative

A voiceless palato-alveolar fricative or voiceless domed postalveolar fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in many languages, including English. In English, it is usually spelled , as in ship.

The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , the letter esh introduced by Isaac Pitman (not to be confused with the integral symbol ). The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is S.

An alternative symbol is , an s with a caron or háček, which is used in the Americanist phonetic notation and the Uralic Phonetic Alphabet, as well as in the scientific and ISO 9 transliterations of Cyrillic. It originated with the Czech orthography of Jan Hus and was adopted in Gaj's Latin alphabet and other Latin alphabets of Slavic languages.  It also features in the orthographies of many Baltic, Finno-Samic, North American and African languages.

Features
Features of the voiceless palato-alveolar fricative:

Occurrence

In various languages, including English and French, it may have simultaneous labialization, i.e. , although this is usually not transcribed.

Classical Latin did not have , though it does occur in most Romance languages. For example,  in French  "singer" is pronounced .  is descended from Latin , where  was pronounced . The  in Latin  "science" was pronounced , but has shifted to  in Italian .

Similarly, Proto-Germanic had neither  nor , yet many of its descendants do.  In most cases, this  or  descends from a Proto-Germanic . For instance, Proto-Germanic *skipą ("hollow object, water-borne vessel larger than a boat") was pronounced . The English word "ship"  has been pronounced without the  the longest, the word being descended from Old English "" , which already also had the , though the Old English spelling etymologically indicated that the old  had once been present.

This change took longer to catch on in West Germanic languages other than Old English, though it eventually did. The second West Germanic language to undergo this sound shift was Old High German. In fact, it has been argued that Old High German's  was actually already , because a single  had already shifted to . Furthermore, by Middle High German, that  had shifted to . After High German, the shift most likely then occurred in Low Saxon. After Low Saxon, Middle Dutch began the shift, but it stopped shifting once it reached , and has kept that pronunciation since. Then, most likely through influence from German and Low Saxon, North Frisian experienced the shift.

Then, Swedish quite swiftly underwent the shift, which resulted in the very uncommon  phoneme, which, aside from Swedish, is only used in Colognian, a variety of High German, though not as a replacement for the standard High German  but a coronalized . However, the exact realization of Swedish  varies considerably among dialects; for instance, in Northern dialects it tends to be realized as . See sj-sound for more details. Finally, the last to undergo the shift was Norwegian, in which the result of the shift was .

The sound in Russian denoted by  is commonly transcribed as a palato-alveolar fricative but is actually an apical retroflex fricative.

Voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative

The voiceless postalveolar non-sibilant fricative is a consonantal sound. As the International Phonetic Alphabet does not have separate symbols for the post-alveolar consonants (the same symbol is used for all coronal places of articulation that are not palatalized), this sound is usually transcribed  (retracted constricted voiceless ). The equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r\_-_0_r.

Some scholars also posit the voiceless postalveolar approximant distinct from the fricative. The approximant may be represented in the IPA as .

Features
 However, it does not have the grooved tongue and directed airflow, or the high frequencies, of a sibilant.
Its place of articulation is postalveolar, which means it is articulated with either the tip or the blade of the tongue behind the alveolar ridge.

Occurrence

See also
Index of phonetics articles
Voiced postalveolar fricative
Cedilla

Notes

References

External links

Postalveolar consonants
Fricative consonants
Pulmonic consonants
Voiceless oral consonants
Central consonants
Labial–coronal consonants

Voiceless postalveolar fricative


Omnia vincit amor et nos cedamus amori (în traducere "dragostea învinge totul, iar noi să ne lăsăm învinși de ea") este o expresie latină a lui Vergilius (Bucolice, X, 69).

Acest verset este citat adesea, de asemenea, sub forma Amor vincit omnia, după modelul de construcție a propoziției în limba italiană. Expresia Amore vincit omnia este însă incorectă din punct de vedere gramatical.

În cea de-a zecea eglogă, ca urmare a unei dezamăgiri în dragoste, Caius Cornelius Gallus își mărturisește decizia de a abandona poezia elegiacă pentru cea pastorală, dar în cele din urmă este nevoit să recunoască supremația iubirii care nu cunoaște obstacole și în fața căreia trebuie să ne supunem.

O citare a acestei expresii se află în Prologul volumului Povestirile din Canterbury de Geoffrey Chaucer în care maica stareță poartă un pandantiv de aur pe care este gravată această expresie. Locuțiunea este menționată, de asemenea, în volumul Tales  (1845) al lui Edgar Allan Poe.

Expresia este adesea citată pentru a indica importanța iubirii ca valoare umană și ca sentiment.

Note

Dragoste
Cuvinte și expresii în limba latină

Omnia vincit amor


El Daimler Ferret, también llamado Ferret Scout, es un vehículo blindado de combate diseñado para tareas de reconocimiento. El Ferret fue producido entre 1952 y 1971 por la compañía británica Daimler Motor Company. Fue adoptado ampliamente por regimientos tanto del Ejército Británico, como de países de la Mancomunidad de Naciones a lo largo de ese periodo.

Historia
El Ferret fue desarrollado en 1949 como resultado de la necesidad del Ejército Británico por obtener un modelo que reemplazara a sus automóviles blindados ligeros de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, principalmente al "Reconnaissance Scout Car"

Debido a su experiencia con el exitoso "Dingo" (6.626 unidades producidas, uno de los vehículos blindados de combate británicos más producidos durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial), la Daimler fue contratada para diseñar y fabricar un nuevo vehículo en octubre de 1948, suministrando en junio de 1950 el primer prototipo del Car, Scout, 4x4, Liaison (Ferret) Mark 1.

Con la designación FV 701(C), fue uno de varias versiones, pero el que más se parecía a los automóviles de reconocimiento Daimler y representó el modelo básico del Ferret. Compartía muchas características de diseño con el Dingo, principalmente su transmisión en H, donde un diferencial central elimina la pérdida de tracción debido al deslizamiento de las ruedas y los ejes de transmisión paralelos reducen considerablemente la altura del vehículo (casi igual a la de un vehículo blindado de combate sobre orugas), haciéndolo menos visible respecto a los modelos de automóviles blindados convencionales.

La suspensión del Ferret era idéntica a la del Dingo, consistiendo en pares de horquillas transversales y muelles helicoidales, con las ruedas impulsadas por juntas de velocidad constante Tracta. Pero el Ferret se beneficiaba de una caja reductora epicíclica que reducía las revoluciones de la transmisión, componente esencial debido al potente motor de seis cilindros en línea B.60 de 4,26 litros y enfriado por agua. Este iba conectado a una caja de cambios de 5 velocidades con preselector, todas ellas disponibles en reversa. En su forma original, esta instalación le ofrecía al Ferret una potencia de 116 cv a 3.300 rpm y 129 cv a 3.750 rpm en su forma final.

Su relación potencia-peso mejorada, mayor longitud (2,29 m respecto a los 1,98 m del Dingo) y la instalación de neumáticos "run flat" 9.00 x 16 con mayor diámetro incrementaron su velocidad y movilidad a través de terreno irregular.

En comparación con el Daimler Dingo y el Ford Lynx canadiense, el Ferret poseía un compartimiento de combate más grande que iba montado directamente en su casco. Esta característica hacía que su conducción fuese más ruidosa que la del Dingo, que no tenía carrocería monocasco.

Estaba construido con planchas de blindaje de 6 mm a 16 mm de espesor, que protegía a sus tripulantes de esquirlas en la mayor parte de ángulos, excepto a 90°, porque el vehículo básico no tenía techo ni armamento, a excepción de los seis lanzagranadas frontales montados sobre los guardafangos (normalmente cargados con granadas fumígenas) que se encuentran en todas las variantes y modelos.

Sin embargo, el Ferret normalmente iba armado con una ametralladora ligera Bren, o una Browning M1919 montada sobre un afuste de pedestal, además de las armas de sus tripulantes.

Ferret Mark 2

En comparación con el Mark 1 ligeramente armado, que podía llevar una Bren o una Browning M1919 montada sobre un afuste de pedestal, el Mark 2 fue diseñado para emplear una torreta armada con una Brownimg M1919, a expensas de reducir la tripulación a dos hombres. Aunque esto ofrecía mejor protección a los tripulantes, en especial al artillero, la torreta incrementó la altura del vehículo y lo hizo más visible; en consecuencia, la opción de instalarle la torreta dependía de la naturaleza de su misión.

En general, los vehículos blindados sobre ruedas más exitosos fueros diseñados para ser ligeros, en relación con su misión, teniendo menos desventajas en comparación con los vehículos sobre orugas en lo que a presión sobre el suelo respecta, un importante factor en el desempeño a campo través.

Es lo suficientemente rápido y pequeño para ser usado en ambientes urbanos pero también es fuerte para soportar terreno difícil no pavimentado. Aunque el Ferret ya no está en servicio con el Ejército Británico, todavía es empleado por varios países de la Commonwealth y ha demostrado su popularidad entre coleccionistas privados por su tamaño compacto y su precio accesible, que oscila entre $20.000 y $30.000 en los Estados Unidos, $40.000 a $60.000 en Australia y Nueva Zelanda, así como alrededor de $9.000 en la República Checa.

Los Ferret Mark 1 y Mark 2 fueron empleados por el Ejército de Tierra de Australia desde 1953 hasta 1970, cuando los dieron de baja y los subastaron.

Según el Ejército estadounidense, 20 ejércitos empleaban el Ferret en 1996.

Producción
Un total de 4.409 Daimler Ferret, incluyendo 16 sub-modelos con varios números Mark, fueron producidos entre 1952 y 1971. Es posible mejorar el motor usando la más poderosa versión FB60 del Austin Princess 4-Litre-R; esta mejora puede darle 55 hp adicionales sobre en motor B60 estándar.

Variantes

Hay muchas variantes (Marks) del Ferret, incluyendo aquellas con equipamiento variado, con o sin torreta y armadas con misiles antitanque Swingfire.
Todas las Marks y las versiones experimentales probablemente existan más de 60 vehículos diferentes.

Mk 1
FV701C
Funciones de enlace
Sin torreta

MK 1/1
Blindaje más pesado que el Mk 1
Casco sellado para vadeo.

Mk 1/2
Techo más alto
Tripulación de tres
Equipada con una Browing .30 y luego una ametralladora de propósito general

Mk 2
Equipado con la torreta de un TBP FV603 Saracen

Mk 2/1 to 5
Pequeñas mejoras en todos los aspectos, incluyendo un blindaje más grueso

MK 2/6
FV703
Montaje doble de misiles antitanque Vigilant
Usado por Reino Unido y Abu Dhabi

Mk 2/7
FV701
Un Mk 2/desprovisto de misiles antitanque luego de que los Vigilant salieran de servicio

Mk 4
FV711
Mk 2 mejorado
Ruedas más grandes
Blindaje más grueso
Suspensión más fuerte
Pantalla de flotación

Mk 5
FV712
Mark 4 modificado.
L7 GPMG
 Misiles antitanque Swingfire montados en una torreta

Ferret 80

Usuarios

Actuales
 : 65
 : 8
 : 45

 : 10
 : 8
 : 55
 : 15 Mk 4.
 : 180
 : 20
 : 90
 : 10
 : algunos donados por Sudáfrica.
 : 40 Mk 4.
 : 40
 : 15

 : 40–50
 : 15;
 : 28

Anteriores

 : 30
 : 265
 : 1
 : 30
 : 15
 : 120
 : 200; reemplazados por el Panhard AML.
 : 30
  Hong Kong: Fue empleado por el Regimiento Real de Hong Kong.
  Irak: 20
  Irán: 50
 : 5; posiblemente donados por Jordania.
  Libia: 15
 : 92 Mk 2 (algunos todavía en servicio con la Policía Real malaya).
  Naciones Unidas: dotó de 12 Ferret Mk 2 nuevos a los Cascos Azules irlandeses para sus operaciones con la ONU en el Congo en 1962.
 : 9 Mk 2.
 : 6 Mk 2, 1 Mk 1, que eran operados por la 11.ª Compañía de Reconocimiento de Infantería.
 : 32 Mk 4.

 : 8
 : 18
 : 42
  Sudáfrica: 231

 : 15
 : 30
 : 10

Vehículos similares

 M8 Greyhound
 EBR-75
 BRDM-2
 Panhard AML
 EE-09 Cascavel

Notas

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos

Ferret recognition diagrams
The Ferret in Canadian Service
Warwheels.net
Blogsite mostly about Ferret
Ferret Walk Arounds on Prime Portal
The Ontario Regiment (RCAC) Ferret Club, Oshawa, Ontario, Canadá
King's Own Royal Border Regiment Museum, Carlisle Castle, Cumbria, Englandhas an Example on Display

Vehículos de combate de infantería
Vehículos blindados del Reino Unido

Daimler Ferret


Joßgrund bezeichnet:

 Amt Joßgrund, ein historisches Amt im Kurfürstentum Mainz

Siehe auch:
 Jossgrund, Gemeinde in Hessen

Joßgrund


José Antonio Carbajal Flores (Ciudad de México; 20 de agosto de 1921 - 4 de octubre de 1995), más conocido como Tony Carbajal, fue un actor mexicano de cine, teatro y televisión. Además fue un destacado locutor y director.

Primeros años
Nació en Ciudad de México como José Antonio Carbajal Flores, siendo hijo del doctor José Manuel Carbajal Chavarri y de la cantante y actriz Carmen Flores Alatorre. Tuvo cuatro hermanos: Carlos, María Luisa, Rosita y Anita. Sus padres eran amantes del arte y por ello Carbajal conoció y aprendió una vasta cultura a muy temprana edad. En su juventud fue torero, bailarín, campeón ecuestre y futbolista. Luego entró a un seminario para ordenarse sacerdote pero lo abandonó. Estudió ingeniería en sonido, pero finalmente se decidió por la actuación. Además de actor fue director, letrista y compositor. Además del español hablaba fluidamente tres idiomas: francés, inglés y latín.

Carrera
Como profesional se inició en la radio XEW en 1938 como locutor. Tal fue su buen desempeño que en 1949 fue nombrado delegado de radio por el legendario actor Jorge Negrete, quien en ese entonces era Secretario General de la ANDA. Fue el fundador de la Televisión Independiente de México (TIM), con ello abrió nueve televisoras en la República.

Como actor destacó en películas de la Época de oro del cine mexicano como Dancing, Salón de baile, El fantasma se enamora y La gitana blanca. También en este período intervino en películas en Estados Unidos como The Treasure of Pancho Villa, Comanche y A Woman's Devotion. Después regresó a México y siguió trabajando en una gran cantidad de películas entre las que se encuentran: Mundo, demonio y carne, La hermana blanca, Y Dios la llamó Tierra y El señor doctor. A su vez participó en más de 30 telenovelas, entre muchas otras: Murallas blancas, No basta ser médico, Lo imperdonable, La hiena, Barata de primavera, Acompáñame, Vamos juntos, Amor ajeno, Destino y Milagro y magia, por el que fue galardonado con el premio TVyNovelas a Mejor primer actor.

En los últimos 20 años de su vida desempeñó la labor de Presidente de la Comisión de Justicia y Honor de la ANDA, velando por los actores ancianos.

Su último trabajo como actor fue en la telenovela de 1993 Sueño de amor producida por José Rendón.

Vida personal
Carbajal se casó con Lucille Henderson en 1946, procrearon dos hijos, María Martha y Antonio. Su yerno fue el actor Leonardo Daniel quien se casó con su hija. Fue abuelo de tres nietos: Ximena y Leonardo (hijos de María Martha); y Antonio (hijo de Antonio).

Fallecimiento
Después de su papel en Sueño de amor, Carbajal fue diagnosticado con el mal de Alzheimer y enfisema pulmonar. Murió el 4 de octubre de 1995 en Ciudad de México a causa de esta última enfermedad. Sus restos descansan en el Panteón Español.

Filmografía

Televisión
 Sueño de amor (1993) .... Anselmo
 Milagro y magia (1991) .... Roque
 Destino (1990) .... Dr. Montoya
 Carrusel (1989-1990) .... Elías
 El rincón de los prodigios (1987-1988) .... Padre Agustín
 Dr. Cándido Pérez (1987-1993)
 Chespirito (1987) ....Doctor
 Yesenia (1987) .... Ramón
 Lista negra (1986-1987) .... Pablo
 Un solo corazón (1983-1984)
 El amor ajeno (1983-1984) .... Oscar Enríquez
 Acompáñame (1977) .... Dr. Beltrán
 La venganza (1977-1978) .... Dupré
 Rina (1977) .... Agente Ministerio Público
 Barata de primavera (1975-1976) .... Arturo de la Lama
 El manantial del milagro (1974) .... Agustín
 La hiena (1973-1974) .... Abelardo Solís
 El Cristo negro (1971)
 Central de emergencia (1964)
 El crisol (1964)
 La doctora (1964)
 Gabriela (1964) .... Francis
 Lo imperdonable (1963)
 Pablo y Elena (1963)
 La gloria quedó atrás (1962)
 No basta ser médico (1961)
 La sospecha (1961)
 Murallas blancas (1960)
 Secretaria o mujer (1960)
 La casita del odio (1960)

Películas
 Cargamento prohibido (1966)
 El señor doctor (1965) .... Dr. Pablo Montero
 Los hijos que yo soñé (1965)
 Of Love and Desire (1963) .... Dr. Renard
 Los secretos del sexo débil (1962)
 Y Dios la llamó Tierra (1961)
 Rosa Blanca (1961)
 Confidencias matrimoniales (1961)
 Matrimonios juveniles (1961)
 La hermana blanca (1960)
 El tesoro de Chucho el Roto (1960)
 Isla para dos (1959)
 Ten Days to Tulara (1958)  .... Francisco
 Locos por la televisión (1958)
 Música y dinero (1958)
 Pepito y los robachicos (1958)
 Locura musical (1958)
 ¡Viva el amor! (1958)
 El último rebelde (1956)
 A Woman's Devotion (1956) .... Sargento
 Comanche (1956)  .... Serpiente pequeña
 The treasure of Pancho Villa (1955) .... Farolito
 A Life in the Balance (1955)  .... Pedro
 La gitana blanca (1954)
 Traigo mi 45 (1952)
 Dancing, Salón de baile (1952)

 Teatro
 El candidato de Dios El sueño de la razón La casa de té de la luna de agosto La tempestad La vidente Yocasta o casi Un día de éstos La muerte de un agente viajero''

Premios

Premios TVyNovelas

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Ciudad de México
Fallecidos en Ciudad de México
Actores de televisión de México
Actores de cine de México
Actores de teatro de México
Locutores de radio de México
Fallecidos por enfermedades respiratorias

Tony Carbajal


Duško Kalebić, alias Lelio Janin (Milna, Brač, 30. lipnja 1921.), hrvatski domovinski i iseljenički književnik, urednik i kipar

Životopis
Rodio se je u Milni na otoku Braču. U Vranjicu je završio pučku školu. U Sinju je završio gimnaziju. Od gimnazijske dobi je pisao i objavljivao u đačkim i studentskim listovima. Studirao je u Zagrebu gdje je završio pravo. 1945. je s tisućama hrvatskih izbjeglica napustio hrvatsku domovinu i dospio je u Italiju, u logor Fermo. Bio je sudjelatnik kulturnog života u logoru. Bio je tajnikom Akademskog kluba i objavljivao je u logorskom mjesečniku Croatiji. Organizirao je manuskriptnu knjigu Lirika Trinaestorice, koja je ostala u rukopisu. 1948. godine otišao je živjeti u Argentinu. Nastanio se je u Buenos Airesu. Zaposlio se je na mjesto činovnika u Ministarstvu javnih radova gdje je radio sve dok nije otišao u mirovinu. Dugo je godina bio u upravi svjetske udruge za zaštitu djece Union Argentina por la Proteccion de la Infancia, čiji je bio potpredsjednik jedno vrijeme. Surađivao u hrvatskim emigrantskim novinama i časopisima, poput Hrvatske revije. Većinom je objavio pjesme, ali i novele, priče, pripovijetke, igrokaze, književne prikaze i različite članke. Neke tekstove objavio je i na kastiljskom. Priloge je Kalebić također potpisivao pseudonimom Lelio Janin. Uređivao je Hrvatsku smotru i Hrvatski narod. Umjetnički se je realizirao i kao kipar. Priznat je kao ugledan umjetnik u klasi biljnoga ili drvnog kiparstva (tzv. escultura vegetal). Više od deset puta imao je velike samostalne i više skupnih izložbi.

Djela
Objavio je djela:
Urednik knjige:

 Otac Karlo Balić, Buenos Aires, 1977.

Nagrade i priznanja

Šimun Šito Ćorić uvrstio ga je u svoju antologiju 60 hrvatskih emigrantskih pisaca.

Izvori

Hrvatski pjesnici

Hrvatski novelisti

Životopisi, Milna
Hrvati u Argentini
Španjolska književnost

Hrvatska politička emigracija (1945. – 1989.)

Duško Kalebić


عين الحمام إحدى بلديات دائرة عين الحمام التابعة لولاية تيزي وزو.

معرض الصور

أعلام

 فاطمة نسومر
 عبد المجيد سيدي السعيد
 أحمد علي غزالي
 عمارة بن يونس
 أعمر الزاهي

مواضيع ذات صلة
 بلديات ولاية تيزي وزو
 دوائر ولاية تيزي وزو

مصادر

 التقسيم الإداري لولاية  ولاية تيزي وزو

عين الحمام

عين الحمام (تيزي وزو)


Froðasson (en ), également connu sous le nom latin de  (né vers 456), est un roi légendaire du Danemark du .

Issu de la dynastie des Skjöldungs, il est le fils de  et de Ingibjorg du Danemark.

Biographie
Il est contemporain de l'âge de Vendel.

Selon la Saga des Ynglingar, il est précisé qu'il est le frère de Halfdan Skjöldung et qu'ils sont tous deux de grands guerriers mais qu'Halfdan est « le plus âgé des deux, et le plus capable à tous égards », ce qui sous-entend sans doute une dispute pour la suprématie entre les deux frères.

Selon la Geste des Danois de Saxo Grammaticus, il serait plutôt le fils de .

Famille

Mariage et enfants
Avec Hilde Ålesdatter, fille du norvégien Åle d'Oppland, il eut :
 Ale le Fort ;
 Haddinga.

Ascendance

Annexes

Liens internes
 Liste des monarques de Danemark

Notes et références

Naissance en 456
Roi légendaire de Danemark
Personnalité du haut Moyen Âge par nom

Fridleif II Froðasson


Nesttun-Osbanen, ofte forkortet Osbanen, var en jernbane mellem Nesttun og Osøyro ved Bergen i Norge. Banen åbnede 1. juli 1894 og blev nedlagt 2. september 1935 som den første jernbane i Norge. Banen var en 26,3 km lang smalsporsbane med sporvidden 750 mm.

Historie
Ideen om at bygge en jernbane mellem Bergen og Os blev første gang fremsat i 1870'erne. Det tog lang tid at skaffe den nødvendige finansiering, der til sidst kom fra blandt andet konsul Fredrik Georg Gade og skibsreder Johan Ludwig Mowinckel samt i form af byggelån fra staten. Strækningen blev bygget med en mindste kurveradius på 50 m, sporvidde på 750 mm og uden tunneler. Banen kom til at gå fra Nesttun omtrent langs med Fanavegen gennem Rådalen til Fana og langs med vestsiden af Kalandsvatnet, og videre fra Kalandseidet langs med den nuværende Europavej 39 til Os.

Banen fik koncession 2. februar 1891 med en varighed på 40 år fra åbningsdagen. Banen åbnede 1. juli 1894. Jernbaneselskabet kæmpede i mange år med økonomiske problemer på grund af stor gæld, men det stabiliserede sig omkring 1900. I 1920'erne begyndte rutebiltrafikken at blive en alvorlig konkurrent, idet rejsetiden fra Osøyro til Bergen var omkring 1 time og 20 minutter ad landevejen mod jernbanens 1 time og 50 minutter. Banen blev nedlagt 2. september 1935 som den første jernbane i Norge. Noget af materiellet blev efterfølgende solgt til Urskog–Hølandsbanen, en af de få andre baner i Norge med sporvidde 750 mm og drift med damplokomotiver. Efter denne banes nedlæggelse kom to af personvognene til Norsk jernbanemuseum i Hamar, hvor de benyttes i museet "Tertittoget".

Sporene blev fjernet i 1936, men det meste af tracéen er stadig synlig. I 1980 blev det meste af tracéen i Bergen omdannet til en gang- og cykelsti, og det er derfor muligt at gå eller cykle de 12,7 km fra Nesttun til Kismul. Et par andre stykker af strækningen er også omdannet til stier. Stend Station er omdannet til jernbanemuseum med en mindre udstilling om banen og udstilling af enkelte køretøjer. Stationsbygningen er den eneste fra banen, der stadig fremstår i den oprindelige stil. Flere andre stationsbygninger er ganske vist også bevarede, men de er blevet ombygget.

Litteratur

Eksterne henvisninger
 Museet Stend stasjon
 Bergen byleksikon på nett, om Osbanen
 Osbanen anno 2000
 Statistisk Sentralbyrå om nedlæggelsen af Nesttun-Osbanen
 Kort over banen på openstreetmap.org

Nedlagte jernbanestrækninger i Norge
Etableret i 1894
Ophørt i 1935
Hordaland

Nesttun–Osbanen


Cimitirul ostașilor germani de la Frunzoaia (cunoscut și sub denumirile de Cimitirul ostașilor germani de la Tișița sau Cimitirul "Poiana lui Frunză") este un monument istoric (cod LMI VN-IV-s-A-06653) situat la Frunzoaia, la drumul DN2L Tișița-Panciu (km 2), în satul Bătinești, comuna Țifești. Monumentul comemoreaza Bătălia de la Mărășesti (care a avut loc in Primul Razboi Mondial, intre Regatul Romaniei si Imperiul German) și adăpostește osemintele ostașilor germani, români, austrieci, cehi, francezi, slovaci, ruși, sârbi și unguri căzuți pe câmpul de luptă.

Istoric
La lansarea monografiei satului Bătinești, Toader Vișan declara:

Astfel, începănd cu anul 1917, armata germană a amenajat un Cimitir de campanie pe teritoriul acestei comune, pe amplasamentul actualului monument. Cimitirul fost construit în anul 1924 (ctitor: Guvernul German) și restaurat în anul 1994. Acesta este unul din cele patru cimitire ale ostașilor germani de pe raza județului Vrancea, alaturi  cele de la Focșani, Soveja și Bordești.

Intrarea în cimitir se face dinspre DN2L printr-un fronton de piatră, acesta fiind împrejmuit cu ziduri de piatră și beton. Pietrele funerare menționează numele, regimentul și gradele celor înmormântați aici. Crucile mormintelor sunt delimítate în patru careuri în baza a două alei largi, formând astfel o cruce. La intersecția aleilor se află un monument comemorativ realizat în piatră.

În primele decenii de comunism, cimitirul a fost profanat și transformat de către localnici în obor pentru vite.

Vezi și

Bătălia de la Mărășești
Frontul de răsărit
 Mausoleul de la Mărășești

Note

Legături externe

 Lista morților de război din Primul Război Mondial, centralizați în Cimitirul Eroilor din comuna Țifești, sat Bătinești, județul Vrancea
Wikimapia - Cimitirul Ostașilor Germani - Frunzoaia (1924)

Monumente istorice din județul Vrancea


إيمليانو زاباتا  (8 أغسطس 1879 في ولاية موريلوس - 10 أبريل 1919). كان ثورياً مكسيكياً.

في أعقاب انتصار الثوار على هويرتا حاولوا ترتيب علاقات القوة في اتفاقية أغواسكالينتس (أكتوبر - نوفمبر 1914). انفصل زاباتا وفيلا عن كارانزا وانزلقت المكسيك في حرب أهلية بين المنتصرين. بعد انزعاجه من التحالف مع فيلا ركز زاباتا طاقاته على إعادة بناء المجتمع في موريلوس(التي کان يسيطر عليها في ذلك الحین) وإقامة إصلاحات الأراضي في خطة آيالا.عندما عزز كارانزا قوته وهزم فيلا في عام 1915 بدأ زاباتا حرب العصابات ضد كارانسيستاس الذين قاموا بدورهم بغزو موريلوس الذي استخدم تكتيكات الأرض المحروقة مرة أخرى لطرد متمردي زاباتيستا. استعاد زاباتا مرة أخرى موريلوس في عام 1917 وسيطر على معظم أجزاء الدولة ضد قوات كارانزا حتى قُتل في كمين في أبريل 1919.

تمت صياغة المادة 27 من دستور المكسيك لعام 1917 استجابة لمطالب زاباتا الزراعية.

بعد وفاته ، تحالف جنرالات زاباتيستا مع أوبريغون ضد كارانزا وساعدوا في طرد كارانزا من السلطة (1920). في عام 1920 تمكن زاباتيستاس من الحصول على مناصب قوية في حكومة موريلوس بعد سقوط كارانزا. أقاموا العديد من إصلاحات الأراضي التي تصورها زاباتا في موريلوس.

لا يزال زاباتا شخصية بارزة في المكسيك حيث يتم استخدامه كرمز قومي وكذلك كرمز لحركة زاباتيستا الجديدة.

حياته
بعد إكماله الخدمة العسكرية في الجيش، انضم عام 1910 إلى الثورة المكسيكية ضد بورفيريو دياز الذي كان رئيس البلاد، رافضاً نزع سلاحه حتى قام الزعيم الثوري فرانسيسكو ماديرو بتوزيع الأرض. كما رفض زاباتا أيضاً الاعتراف بيفكتوريانو هويرتا الذي اغتال ماديرو. وقام زاباتا مع فيلا باحتلال مدينة مكسيكو عام 1914. في عام 1919 أغتيل زاباتا بكمين من طرف الكولونيل غيساس غوغاردو.

ولد زاباتا في قرية أنينكيلكو الريفية في ولاية موريلوس ، في عصر تعرضت فيه مجتمعات الفلاحين لضغوط متزايدة من طبقة ملاك الأراضي الصغيرة التي احتكرت موارد الأرض والمياه لإنتاج قصب السكر بدعم من الديكتاتور بورفيريو دياث (الرئيس 1877 -1880 و 1884-1911). شارك زاباتا في وقت مبكر في الحركات السياسية ضد دياث وملاك الأراضي ، وعندما اندلعت الثورة في عام 1910 تم وضعه كقائد مركزي لثورة الفلاحين في موريلوس.

بالتعاون مع عدد من قادة الفلاحين الآخرين ، شكل جيش زاباتستا للتحرر الوطني  والذي سرعان ما أصبح قائدًا بلا منازع. ساهمت قوات زاباتا في سقوط دياز  وهزيمة الجيش الفيدرالي في معركة كواوتلا (مايو 1911) ولكن عندما أصبح القائد الثوري فرانسيسكو ماديرو رئيسًا ، تنصل من دور الزاباتيستا ، ووصفهم بأنهم قطاع طرق بسيطون. في نوفمبر 1911  أصدر زاباتا خطة دي أيالا  التي دعت إلى إصلاحات كبيرة للأراضي  وإعادة توزيع الأراضي على الفلاحين.

السنوات الأولى قبل الثورة
ولد إميليانو زاباتا لغابرييل زاباتا وكليوفاس جيرتروديز سالازار من أنينكيلكو ، موريلوس ، عائلة محلية معروفة. كان الأب الروحي لإميليانو مديرًا لمزرعة محلية كبيرة وكانت عرّابته زوجة المدير.من المحتمل أن تكون عائلة زاباتا من ميستيثو المكسيكيين من أصول إسبانية و ناوا.كان إميليانو التاسع من بين عشرة أطفال. كان لديه ست شقيقات: سيلسا ، رامونا ، ماريا دي خيسوس ، ماريا دي لا لوز ، وثلاثة أشقاء: بيدرو ، يوفيميو زاباتا ولوريتو. تنحدر عائلة زاباتا من زاباتا مابازتلان.

خدم جده من الأم، خوسيه سالازار في جيش خوسيه ماريا موريلوس واي بافون خلال حصار كواوتلا  وقاتل أعمامه كريستينو وخوسيه زاباتا في حرب الإصلاح والتدخل الفرنسي. من عائلة من المزارعين  كان إميليانو زاباتا لديه نظرة ثاقبة للصعوبات الشديدة في الريف وكفاح قريته الطويل لاستعادة الأراضي التي استولت عليها المزارع المتوسعة.

على الرغم من أنه يصور عادة على أنه «أصلي» أو من الفلاحين الذین لا يملكون أرضًا في الأيقونات المكسيكية  لم يكن زاباتا من السكان الأصلیون ولا يملكون أرضًا ولا يُعرف أنهم تحدثوا بلغة الناواتل. كانوا ميسورين بشكل معقول ولم يعانوا من الفقر أبدًا وکان یتمتع بأنشطة مثل مصارعة الثيران  ومصارعة الديوك.

ما بعد زاباتا
بعد موت زاباتا ظهرت الكثير من الحكايات الشعبية عنه، كما قام المخرج الأمريكي إيليا كازان بإنتاج فيلم عن حياة زاباتا بعنوان يعيش زاباتا الذي مثل في الدور الرئيسي فيه مارلون براندو.

انظر أيضًا
 ثاباتيسمو.
 نيوثاباتيسمو.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص قتلوا في المكسيك
أشخاص مكسيكيون في القرن 20
اغتيالات عسكرية
تاريخ المكسيك العسكري
ثوريون مكسيكيون
جرائم قتل في أمريكا الشمالية 1919
جنرالات مكسيكيون
رومان كاثوليك مكسيكيون
سياسيون مكسيكيون مغتالون
شخصيات الثورة المكسيكية
متمردون مكسيكيون
مكسيكيون في القرن 19
مكسيكيون مغتالون
مواليد 1879
وفيات 1919
وفيات 1920
وفيات بإطلاق النار في المكسيك
وفيات بسبب الأسلحة النارية
وفيات في ولاية موريلوس

إيمليانو زاباتا


Actian é uma empresa de software americana com sede em Sunnyvale, Califórnia, que fornece software, produtos e serviços relacionados a análises . A empresa vende software e tecnologia de banco de dados, sistemas de engenharia em nuvem e soluções de integração de dados .

Após um período de mudanças e nome e aquisições, incluindo VectorWise BV, Versant, Pervasive e ParAccel, a Actian surgiu como uma empresa multinacional de software.

Linha do tempo

 1980: Relational Technology, Inc. foi fundada para comercializar o Ingres (desenvolvido na UC Berkeley).
 1988: A RTI tornou-se pública, levantando $ 28 milhões em seu IPO.
 1989: Mudou o nome para Ingres Corporation.
 1990: ASK Computer Systems adquire a Ingres Corporation.
 1994: Computer Associates (CA) adquire o Grupo ASK.
 2005: A Ingres Corporation saiu da CA, com a empresa de private equity Garnett & Helfrich Capital como maior acionista.
 2010: Ingres adquire a VectorWise.
 2011: Mudou o nome para Actian.
 2012: A Actian adquire a Versant Corporation.
 2013: A Actian adquire a Pervasive Software e ParAccel.
 2018: A Actian foi adquirida pela HCL Technologies e pela Sumeru Equity Partners por US$ 330 milhões.
 2021: A HCL Technologies tornou-se a única proprietária da Actian.

História

Ingres
O banco de dados Ingres foi desenvolvido na Universidade da Califórnia, Berkeley como um projeto open-source, com distribuições do seu código sendo vendidas para diversas empresas, que utilizaram seu código como base para outros projeto de sistemas de bancos de dados.

A Relational Technology, Incorporated (RTI), foi fundada em 1980 por Michael Stonebraker e Eugene Wong e pelo professor Lawrence A. Rowe para comercializar o Ingres. No final da década de 1980, a RTI tinha concorrência no mercado de sistemas de gerenciamento de banco de dados (DBMS), incluindo Oracle Corporation (que começou com o nome semelhante Relational Software Incorporated), Informix Corporation e Sybase, mas era uma das maiores empresas de DBMS.

A RTI foi renomeada como Ingres Corporation no final de 1989, e adquirida pela AKS Computer Systems em 1990.

Relação com Computer Associates
A Computer Associates (CA) adquiriu o ASK Group em 1994. Apesar de uma base de clientes leais, a CA não conseguiu desenvolver muito mais a tecnologia, nem obter sucesso comercial.

A Ingres Corporation divergiu da CA como uma empresa privada em novembro de 2005, com a empresa de private equity Garnett & Helfrich Capital como principal acionista. Terry Garnett atuou como executivo-chefe interino e a CA manteve uma participação de 25%. Em julho de 2006, Roger Burkhardt tornou-se presidente. Ele promoveu o software de código aberto e ajudou a formar o Open Source for America em 2009.

A Ingres anunciou que havia adquirido a empresa VectorWise B.V. em 2010, desenvolvedora do banco de dados analítico homônimo, que surgiu do CWI ( Instituto Nacional Holandês de Pesquisa em Matemática e Ciência da Computação) em 2008. Em novembro de 2010, a Garnett & Helfrich Capital adquiriu os últimos 20% do capital da Ingres Corporation que ainda não possuía. Em julho de 2011, Steve Shine tornou-se CEO.

Actian
Em setembro de 2011, a Ingres mudou seu nome para Actian, usando a frase de marketing "aplicativos de ação". O CEO Steve Shine disse que o novo foco seria em vendas de baixo custo para sua plataforma de ação em nuvem.

Em fevereiro de 2014, a Forbes.com listou o Actian em 5º lugar em seu "Top 10 Big Data Pure-Plays 2014", citando $ 138 milhões em receita do Actian em 2013.

Em agosto de 2016, foi relatado que a Actian havia eliminado gradualmente seus produtos promovidos para big data, incluindo a antiga tecnologia ParAccel, que havia sido renomeado para Actian Matrix. Em 1º de novembro de 2016, Shine foi substituído como presidente-executivo por Rohit De Souza. Um novo diretor financeiro e presidente executivo também foram nomeados.

Em abril de 2017, vários produtos foram renomeados, incluindo a combinação do Ingres e Vector em um único produto, Actian X, uma banco de dados híbrido (HTAP) com novos recursos.

A Actian lançou um produto chamado Avalanche em março de 2019 para uso na nuvem Amazon Web Services (AWS). Trata-se de uma plataforma de dados em nuvem, inicialmente focada em data warehousing e integração de dados.

Aquisições

VectorWise BV
O Vectorwise se originou do projeto de pesquisa X100 realizado no Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa em Matemática e Ciência da Computação da Holanda) entre 2003 e 2008. Foi desmembrada como uma empresa em 2008 e adquirida pela Ingres Corporation em 2011. Foi lançado como um produto comercial em junho de 2010, inicialmente para plataforma Linux de 64 bits e posteriormente também para Windows.

Versant Corporation
A Versant Corporation era uma empresa de software com sede nos Estados Unidos que criava sistemas especializados de gerenciamento de dados NoSQL. No final de 2012, após rejeitar uma oferta da Unicom Systems, a Versant anunciou que concordou em ser adquirida pela Actian, promovida usando o termo big data. Fechou em dezembro de 2012 por cerca de US $ 37 milhões.

ParAccel, Inc.
A ParAccel era uma empresa de software com sede na Califórnia que desenvolveu um sistema de gerenciamento de banco de dados projetado para fornecer análises avançadas para inteligência de negócios. Foi adquirido pela Actian em abril de 2013. Os analistas esperavam que a Actian comercializasse o ParAccel para bancos de dados maiores e o VectorWise para aplicativos de tamanho moderado.

Pervasive Software

A Pervasive Software era uma desenvolvedora de software, incluindo sistemas de gerenciamento de banco de dados (SGBD) e ferramentas de extração, transformação e carregamento (ETL). O SGBD relacional Pervasive PSQL era seu principal produto.

Em dezembro de 2003, a Pervasive adquiriu a Data Junction Corporation, empresa privada com sede também em Austin, que produzia ferramentas de integração de dados e aplicativos, renomeada como Pervasive Data Integrator e posteriormente DataConnect, por cerca de US$ 51,7 milhões em dinheiro e ações.

Em 2013, a Pervasive Software foi adquirida pela Actian Corporation por US$ 161,9 milhões, um aumento de uma oferta inicial de US$ 154 milhões.

Produtos e serviços

Plataforma de dados em nuvem Avalanche
Avalanche é uma plataforma de dados em nuvem totalmente gerenciada para análise operacional de alto desempenho disponível no Google Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure e AWS.

Ele oferece um serviço de armazenamento de dados em nuvem híbrida totalmente gerenciado, projetado desde o início para oferecer alto desempenho em escala na infraestrutura de commodities (executando em Kubernetes ), usando o Vector como o principal mecanismo de banco de dados (um RDBMS vetorizado, MPP, totalmente compatível com ANSI SQL). Ele também oferece recursos nativos de integração de dados, com base em uma versão em nuvem integrada do DataConnect, e recursos básicos de visualização de dados.

É comercializado como um serviço de dados em nuvem sem DBA que pode ser usado diretamente por analistas de negócios, engenheiros de dados, cientistas de dados ou usuários avançados para extrair centenas de terabytes de dados díspares e diversos em um único armazenamento de dados em nuvem, executar sub- segundas consultas e análises avançadas e, em seguida, visualize e gere relatórios, aproveitando as ferramentas mais populares por meio de menus de fácil navegação.

Vector
O Actian Vector (anteriormente conhecido como Vectorwise ou VectorWise) é um sistema de gerenciamento de banco de dados relacional SQL projetado para alto desempenho em aplicativos de banco de dados analíticos.

Posteriormente o nome do produto foi encurtado para "Vector", além de terem lançado uma versão clusterizada utilizando o Hadoop, chamada Vortex. O Actian Vortex foi posteriormente renomeado para Actian Vector no Hadoop, mais tarde se tornando o motor de banco de dados utilizado no Avalanche para Data Warehousing.

Ingres e Actian X
Ingres é um sistema proprietário de gerenciamento de banco de dados relacional, sendo por muitos anos o principal produto da empresa.

Em 18 de abril de 2017, o Actian X foi anunciado como o primeiro banco de dados híbrido integrado nativamente, projetado para gerenciar cargas de trabalho de dados transacionais, analíticas e híbridas a partir de um único banco de dados. Trata-se da fusão do Ingres com o motor X100 do Vector em um único produto.

O Actian X combina os recursos e capacidades do Ingres e Vector, incluindo armazenamento baseado em colunas, processamento de vetores, paralelismo multi-core (e muito mais).

Zen (PSQL)
Actian Zen (PSQL) (anteriormente Btrieve, posteriormente denominado Pervasive PSQL até a versão 13) é um moderno banco de dados com suporte à transações ACID, zero-DBA, nano-footprint, multi-modelo e multi-plataforma, podendo ser embarcado em dispositivos Raspberry PI e Windows Embedded. Possuímos diversas versões, com modelos flexíveis de licenciamento e custos acessíveis, além de muitos cases de sucesso em diversas industrias. Footprint de 7MB até 200MB na versão enterprise.

Referências

Empresas de software dos Estados Unidos

Actian