Biserica Domneasca"Sfinții Mihail și Gavril"  este un monument istoric din Câmpulung, România.

Istoric
Biserica Domneasca "Sfinții Mihail și Gavril" Câmpulung a fost ctitorită in anul 1567 de către Doamna Chiajna, soția domnitorului Mircea Ciobanu (1545-1552; 1553-1554) si fiul său Petru cel Tânăr  (1559-1568). Forma inițială a edificiului religios a durat până în timpul domniei lui Nicolae Mavrocordat (circa 1720). Datorită degradărilor avansate biserica a  fost rezidită, conform unei pisanii din anul 1721, prin aportul financiar al domnitorului și ispravnicului câmpulungean Jupan Vornicul.  n forma actuală Biserica Domneasca este ridicată in anii 1870-1889, având drept ctitori pe: Ion Colan, Anton Paul, preot Petru Hănulescu, Ion Marinescu, Tase Pireșeanul. Pe zidul din fața bisericii apar două pisanii: cea din stânga este datată în anul 1721 având litere chirilice, din perioada ridicării celei de a doua biserici, iar pisania din dreapta este datată in anul 1889, reprezentând actualul edificiu.Având temelii din piatră de Albești,este cel mai mare edificiu religios din Municipiul Câmpulung, având 33 m lungime, 14 m lățime la naos  și 8 m la pronaos, este cea mai mare biserică din municipiul Câmpulung.

Pictura interioară a fost realizată de către Gheorghe Stoenescu (elev al pictorului Gheorghe Tăttărescu) și fiii săi. Biserica este pictată în stilul modern, fiind restaurată și in intervalul 1955-1977.

In apropierea bisericii a fost intemeiată o școală de către domnitorul Țării Românești Antonie Vodă din Popești. Acest locaș de cult a fost numit și Biserica Grecilor, denumire care provine de la faptul că domnitorul Nicolae Mavrocordat a restaurat-o în anul 1721, acesta fiind la origine grec.

Bibliografie
 Ciotei, Constantin. Pârnuță, Gheorghe. Popescu-Argeșel, Ion. Monografia Municipiului Câmpulung-Muscel. Editura Expert. 2005;
 Popescu- Argeșel, Ion. Bisericile și mănăstirile din muscel la cumpăna dintre milenii. Editura Fundației România de Mâine, București, 2000;
 Răuțescu, Ioan. Câmpulung -Muscel: Monografie Istorică. Tipografia Gh.Gh. Vlădescu -Câmpulung. 1943. Ediție Anastatică.Editura Ars Docendi.Universitatea din București, 2009.

Note

Monumente istorice din județul Argeș
Câmpulung Muscel
Biserici din secolul al XIV-lea din România

Biserica Domnească din Câmpulung


Le , officiellement , est un funiculaire situé sur les pentes du mont Kōya, dans la préfecture de Wakayama au Japon. Il est exploité par la compagnie Nankai.

Description

Le funiculaire se compose d'une voie unique avec évitement central.

Histoire
Le funiculaire ouvre en 1930. Les véhicules actuels ont été construits par CWA Constructions et ont été introduits en 2019.

Caractéristiques

Ligne
 Longueur :
 Dénivelé :
 Pente : 56,8 %
 Écartement rails :
 Nombre de gares : 2

Liste des gares

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste de funiculaires dans le monde
 Liste des chemins de fer japonais

Lien externe

Mont Koya

Funiculaire du mont Kōya


فابر-كاستل  شركة ألمانية أسسها كاسبر فابير في عام 1761 في مدينة نورنبرغ الألمانية، وتعمل بصناعة الأدوات المكتبية، ومواد الرسم، وأدوات القرطاسية مثل الدباسة والحاسبة والممحاة والمسطرة. تشتهر الشركة بإنتاج أشهر أنواع أقلام الرصاص في العالم من مصنعها الكائن في البرازيل.

العائلة
تم تكريم لوثار فابر الثري للغاية في عام 1861 وجعل البارون فون فابر في مملكة بافاريا في عام 1881. أبناء ابنه الوحيد فيلهلم (1851-1893) (من زوجته بيرثا فابر {1856-1940} ابنة لوثر الأصغر. شقيق إيبرهارد {1822-1879} الذي أسس فرع الشركة في نيويورك بعد أن توفي صغيرًا تم ترتيب زواج لحفيدته ووريثته أوتيلي مع سليل إحدى السلالات الحاكمة السابقة في ألمانيا. ومع ذلك، في الإمبراطورية الألمانية المحافظة في نهاية القرن في أوروبا كان زواج فابر من عائلة من طبقة النبلاء العالية يعتبر قفزة اجتماعية جريئة للغاية. كان من الممكن أن يكون الزواج المورجاني ضروريًا ولم يكن من الممكن أن تظل أعمال قلم فابر في أيدي أحفادهم لأن الاتجار في التجارة كان لا يزال يعتبر عملاً من أعمال التقليل الاجتماعي بين أعضاء هوشادل.

لحل هذه المعضلة تخلى العريس المختار الكونت ألكساندر فون كاستل رودينهاوزن (1866-1928) عن رتبة ولادته قبل الزواج. كانت عائلة كاستل من الشخصيات الإمبراطورية في فرانكونيا والمعروفة منذ القرن الحادي عشر. عندما تم حل الإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة تحت ضغط من نابليون الأول في عام 1806 ضمت مملكة بافاريا أراضي كاستل. على الرغم من حرمانهم من السيادة تم التوسط في عام 1815وتم الاعتراف رسميًا بمرتبهم مع السلالات الحاكمة في أوروبا وتم منح العائلة اللقب الوراثي للأمير.

الكونت ألكساندر الابن الأصغر للأمير الأول، تزوج من وريثة قلم الرصاص البارونة أوتيلي فون فابر (1877-1944)، في عام 1898. حصل على اللقب الوراثي الجديد للكونت فون فابر كاستل في بافاريا لأحفاد زواجهما. على الرغم من أن ألكسندر وأوتيلي انفصلا في عام 1918، فقد نقل صندوق أعمال فابر رئاسة الشركة إلى ألكساندر، الذي احتفظ حتى بقصر فابرز الذي تم تجديده في شتاين (والذي سيُنقل إلى صحفيي البليت خلال محاكمات نورمبرج بما في ذلك إرنست همنغواي وجون شتاينبك ).

في عام 1927 استأنف الإسكندر اسمه الأصلي لنفسه، زوجته الثانية (ولدت الكونتيسة مارغيت زيدتويتز فون مورافان أوند دوبو، 1886-1973) وابنهما، الكونت رادولف (1922-2004). لم يتم اعتبار قضيته من الزواج الأول أبدًا سلالات منزل كاستل، لكنهم ورثوا ثروة فابر الهائلة واستمروا في تضمين كاستل باسمهم مع اللقب الهزلي.

استمرت الفروع المختلفة للعائلة في الازدهار لكن حيازات شركتي فابر وفابر كاستل تنتقل عادة إلى أكبر ذكر من سلالة الأب. ورث ابن ألكسندر وأوتيلي الوحيد، الكونت رولاند فون فابر كاستل (1905-1978)، رئاسة شركات فابر كاستل من والديه. ترك ابنه الأكبر هوبيرتوس فون فابر- كاسل شركة العائلة بعد خلاف مع والده وخلفه أخوه الأصغر أنتون ولفجانج (1941-2016). باعتباره أول مولود ورث الكونت أوبرتوس غالبية أصول العائلة، لكنه باع معظم أسهم شركته إلى خليفته بعد ترك الشركة. انضم الكونت هوبيرتوس إلى شركة عائلة الأمهات سال أوبنهايم. جعلت حصص الشركة الكونت هوبيرتوس فون فابر- كاستيل مليارديرًا. الكونت أنطون فولفجانج فون فابر كاستل الذي ترك ابنًا تشارلز ألكسندر فون فابر كاستل (ولد في زيورخ في 20 يونيو 1980) من زواجه عام 1986 من كارلا ماتيلد لامش. استمرت أرملته ماري هوجان (مواليد 1951) في منصب المدير العام لقسم مستحضرات التجميل في شركة فابر كاستل. بناته الثلاث الكونتيسة كاتارينا إليزابيث (ولدت في 5 مايو 1988)، وتوأمه الكونتيسة سارة أنجيلا والكونتيسة فيكتوريا ماريا (من مواليد 1 أغسطس 1996) خلفته.

تزوجت ابنة هوبيرتوس الكونتيسة فلوريا - فرانزيسكا من فابر - كاستيل (مواليد 1974) في كرونبرج إم تانوس في 17 مايو 2003 في حفل زفاف حظي بتغطية إعلامية كبيرة حضره أعضاء من العائلات الحاكمة في أوروبا، إلى كنيسة القديس دوناتوس الكاثوليكية، أمير هيس الوراثي حفيد الملك فيكتور إيمانويل الثالث ملك إيطاليا وابن شقيق الأميرة صوفي أميرة اليونان والدنمارك شقيقة الأمير البريطاني فيليب دوق إدنبرة. ابنته الثانية هي فاعلة الخير الألمانية السويسرية كارولين فون فابر كاستل، وهي متزوجة من رجل الأعمال مايكل جوتزنس المقيم في دوسلدورف. تزوج باتريك فون فابر كاستل علنًا من الممثلة الألمانية مارييلا أرينز في قلعة فابر كاستل بالقرب من نورمبرغ.

مكاتب
يوجد حوالي 16 مصنعًا (في 10 دول) تصنع بشكل أساسي أدوات الكتابة.

منتجات
ابتداءً من خمسينيات القرن التاسع عشر، بدأت شركة فابر في استخدام الجرافيت من سيبيريا وخشب الأرز من فلوريدا لإنتاج أقلام الرصاص.

تشتهر شركة فابر-كاستل بعلامتها التجارية من أقلام، التي استخدمها فناني القصص المصورة والمانغا مثل آدم هيوز، تصدر حبرًا هنديًا خالٍ من الأحماض وأرشيفًا، ويأتي بألوان متنوعة. يحتوي الرسم البياني التالي على جميع خطوط إنتاج فابر كاستل.

معرض الصور

مراجع

انظر أيضًا

 ستابيلو.

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي الألماني
 الموقع الرسمي العالمي
 Graf von فابر-كاستل
 فابير-كاستل (الولايات المتحدة)
 فابير-كاستل (البرازيل)
 فابير-كاستل (تايوان)

شركات ألمانيا
شركات أسست في 1761
شركات مقرها في بافاريا
علامات تجارية ألمانية
قرطاسية

فابير-كاستل


Marița a fost o fată româncă în vârstă de 15 ani din zona Timocului, împușcată de soldații Imperiului Otoman la 9 ianuarie 1878, în timp ce ducea apă militarilor români din zona Smârdanului (astăzi Inovo).

Context
Marița s-a aflat, alături de alți voluntari români din jurul Smârdanului, printre cei care au oferit ajutor Armatei Române în Războiul de Independență de la 1877. Ea a făcut parte dintr-un grup de 37 de tinere fete care au oferit sprijin activităților Serviciului Sanitar, aducând, de asemenea, apă și hrană soldaților din tranșee.

A fost prima dintre cele cinci fete voluntare căzute victime, la Smârdan.

În memoriam
Un monument ronde-bosse din bronz supranumit "Marița", în cinstea fetei împușcate mortal, a fost inaugurat la Smârdan în 1905 de către aromâni, în apropierea Cimitirului militarilor români. Acesta reprezenta o femeie care ținea în mâna dreaptă o coroană, iar în cea stângă un ulcior cu apă pentru cei cărora le era sete și privea spre est (spre liniile inamice). Monumentul a fost distrus prin dinamitare de bulgari, în 1917. Ulterior, autoritățile bulgare nu și-au mai dat acordul pentru reconstruirea acestuia.

În urma unei inițiative private a românilor din Timoc, a fost dezvelit în anul 2001 pe malul Dunării într-un parc din orașul Calafat, un monument creat de un artist vasluian în ronde-bosse din piatră, în care Marița poartă un costum tradițional. În mâna stângă fetița ține o găleată, iar în mâna dreaptă, o coroană (în anul 2008, statuia avea brațul drept rupt). Montat pe un postament dintr-o singură treaptă, soclul de formă dreptunghiulară are în zona frontală un basorelief, în care este redată o scenă de luptă din Războiul de Independență. Pe latura dreaptă este fixată o placă din marmură albă cu inscripția:

Referințe

Legături externe
 Fotografii ale Monumentului fetiței-erou Marița, din Calafat; destepti.ro

Vezi și
 Lupta de la Smârdan
 Atacul de la Smârdan (pictură de Nicolae Grigorescu)

Decese în 1878
Decese pe 9 ianuarie
Eroi ai Războiului de Independență a României

Marița (eroina de la Smârdan)


Eurípedes Cardoso de Meneses (Campinas, 23 de setembro de 1909 – Rio de Janeiro, 24 de setembro de 2008) foi um professor, teólogo, escritor e político brasileiro, filho de Américo Cardoso de Meneses e de Maria Isabel Grady Cardoso de Meneses.

Biografia

Formou-se em ciências e letras, filosofia e teologia pelas faculdades de teologia do Rio de Janeiro, então Distrito Federal, de São Paulo e do Rio Grande do Sul.

Pastor protestante convertido ao catolicismo, fez parte da Ação Integralista Brasileira (AIB), movimento de caráter anticomunista, corporativista, conservador e ultranacionalista liderado por Plínio Salgado. Em 1935 passou a dirigir a revista Anauê, a principal revista do movimento integralista no Brasil.

Na década de 1940 criou na Rádio Nacional do Rio de Janeiro o programa Comentários, que se manteve no ar por muitos anos. Diretor-geral do Serviço de Assistência a Menores (SAM) do Ministério da Justiça e Negócios Interiores durante o governo Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1951), participou em 1952 do I Congresso Interamericano de Pais de Família, realizado em Lima, no Peru. No dia 1º de setembro desse ano, realizou sua primeira meditação matinal na Rádio Nacional. Suas palestras, abordando variados temas sob a ótica cristã, seriam transmitidas por essa rádio durante 40 anos.

Em outubro de 1954 elegeu-se deputado federal pelo Distrito Federal na legenda do Partido Social Democrático (PSD), assumindo o mandato em fevereiro do ano seguinte. Em 1957 participou do I Seminário Interamericano pela Liberdade de Ensino, realizado em Montevidéu, e do II Congresso Mundial de Apostolado, reunido em Roma. Reelegeu-se em outubro de 1958, agora na legenda da União Democrática Nacional (UDN), e em 1960, com a transferência da capital federal para Brasília e a criação do estado da Guanabara, passou a representar essa nova unidade da Federação. Ainda em 1960, participou do I Congresso Mundial das Congregações Marianas, em Newark, nos EUA, voltando a este país em 1962 para, na condição de membro efetivo da Comissão de Educação e Cultura da Câmara dos Deputados, visitar as principais universidades norte-americanas.

Em outubro de 1962, ainda na legenda da UDN, obteve seu terceiro mandato na Câmara. Com a extinção dos partidos políticos pelo Ato Institucional nº 2 (27/10/1965) e a posterior instauração do bipartidarismo, filiou-se à Aliança Renovadora Nacional (ARENA), partido de sustentação do regime militar instaurado no país em abril de 1964. Em 1966 participou do II Congresso Mundial do Comitê de Defesa da Civilização Cristã e do VIII Congresso Mundial de Parlamentares e Líderes Cristãos, realizados respectivamente em Lisboa e em Cambridge, na Inglaterra. Presidente da Confederação Católica Arquidiocesana, em sua campanha de reeleição à Câmara dos Deputados em 1966 foi apresentado pelo Jornal do Brasil como líder de projeção nos meios cristãos do Rio de Janeiro, com destacada atuação no combate ao comunismo. Sob o lema "é preciso formar a consciência política dos cristãos e a consciência cristã dos políticos", apresentava como plataforma a luta intransigente contra os inimigos e a atenção para com os problemas do país.

Reeleito em novembro de 1966 na legenda da ARENA, no ano seguinte foi um dos representantes brasileiros no II Congresso das Comunidades de Cultura Portuguesa, realizado em Moçambique, então colônia portuguesa na África. Nessa legislatura foi ainda vice-presidente e presidente da Comissão de Educação e Cultura da Câmara dos Deputados. Obteve novo mandato de deputado federal no pleito de novembro de 1970, pela ARENA, assumindo no ano seguinte a presidência da Comissão Especial para Integração dos Povos da Comunidade de Língua Portuguesa. Voltou a presidir a Comissão de Educação e Cultura e participou, como suplente, das comissões de Fiscalização Financeira e Tomada de Contas e de Trabalho e Legislação Social. Licenciou-se da Câmara em 1972 para realizar o curso da Escola Superior de Guerra (ESG). No pleito de novembro de 1974 conseguiu a terceira suplência de deputado federal, e em janeiro de 1975 deixou a Câmara, ao concluir seu quinto mandato.

Eleito vereador no município do Rio de Janeiro em novembro de 1976, já depois da fusão do estado da Guanabara com o estado do Rio, tendo sido empossado em fevereiro de 1977, foi escolhido líder do governo do prefeito Marcos Tamoyo na Câmara Municipal. Em maio do ano seguinte tornou-se conselheiro do Tribunal de Contas do Rio de Janeiro, indicado pelo governador Floriano Peixoto Faria Lima, abandonando então a Câmara Municipal. Ocupou seu novo cargo até 1979, quando se aposentou por limite de idade.

Em 1992 deixou a Rádio Nacional, passando a apresentar suas palestras cristãs em um programa diário na Rádio Imprensa. Exerceu esta atividade até o início de 1999.

Casado com Maria Otoni Cardoso de Meneses, teve dez filhos.

Faleceu no Rio de Janeiro no dia 24 de setembro de 2008.

Obras publicadas

 Aos Irmãos Separados (1948)
 De Claridade em Claridade (1960)
 Aos Lusíadas de Hoje
 bom pastor (1969)
 Os Direitos do Brasil na Antártica (1971)
 Política Externa (1971)
 A Antártida e os desafios do futuro (1982)
 O santo sudário à luz da ciência (1987)
 O auto-retrato de Jesus (1990)
 Quinzena inesquecível (1992)

Católicos do Brasil
Convertidos ao catolicismo romano
Deputados federais do Brasil pelo Distrito Federal (1891–1960)
Deputados federais do Brasil pela Guanabara
Integralistas
Membros da Aliança Renovadora Nacional
Membros do Partido Social Democrático (1945)
Membros da União Democrática Nacional
Naturais de Campinas
Vereadores da cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Membros do Partido Democrático Social
Membros do Progressistas
Membros do Progressistas do Rio de Janeiro

Eurípedes Cardoso de Menezes


An Pelexia adnata in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Olof Swartz, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Pierre Antoine Poiteau och Louis Claude Marie Richard. An Pelexia adnata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pelexia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Pelexia

Pelexia adnata


Jakob Larsen kan henvise til:

 Jakob Larsen (atlet) (født 1969) – dansk atlet
 Jakob Larsen (historiker) (1888–1974) – amerikansk historiker
 Jakob Larsen (håndboldspiller) (født 1974) – grønlandsk håndboldtræner og tidligere spiller

Se også
 Jacob Larsen

Jakob Larsen


The Boeing E-4 Advanced Airborne Command Post (AACP), the current "Nightwatch" aircraft, is a strategic command and control military aircraft operated by the United States Air Force (USAF). The E-4 series are specially modified from the Boeing 747-200B for the National Emergency Airborne Command Post (NEACP) program.  The E-4 serves as a survivable mobile command post for the National Command Authority, namely the President of the United States, the Secretary of Defense, and successors.  The four E-4Bs are operated by the 1st Airborne Command and Control Squadron of the 595th Command and Control Group located at Offutt Air Force Base, near Omaha, Nebraska. An E-4B when in action is denoted a "National Airborne Operations Center".

Development
Two of the original 747-200 airframes were originally planned to be commercial airliners.  When the airline did not complete the order, Boeing offered the airframes to the United States Air Force as part of a package leading to a replacement for the older EC-135J National Emergency Airborne Command Post (NEACP). Under the 481B NEACP program the Air Force Electronic Systems Division awarded Boeing a contract in February 1973 for two unequipped aircraft, designated E-4A, powered by four P&W JT9D engines, to which a third aircraft was added in July 1973. The first E-4A was completed at the Boeing plant outside Seattle, Washington in 1973.  E-Systems won the contract to install interim equipment in these three aircraft, and the first completed E-4A was delivered in July 1973 to Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. The next two were delivered in October 1973 and October 1974. The third E-4 differed by being powered by the GE F103 engine, which was later made standard and retrofitted to the previous two aircraft.  The A-model effectively housed the same equipment as the EC-135, but offered more space and an ability to remain aloft longer than an EC-135.

In November 1973, it was reported that the program cost was estimated to total $548 million (equivalent to $ billion in ) for seven 747s, with six as operational command posts and one more for research and development.

In December 1973, a fourth aircraft was ordered; it was fitted with more advanced equipment, resulting in the designation E-4B. On 21 December 1979, Boeing delivered the first E-4B (AF Serial Number 75-0125), which was distinguished from the earlier version by the presence of a large streamlined radome on the dorsal surface directly behind the upper deck. This contains the aircraft's SHF satellite antenna.

By January 1985, all three E-4As had been retrofitted to E-4B models. The E-4B offered a vast increase in communications capability over the previous model and was considered to be 'hardened' against the effects of nuclear electromagnetic pulse (EMP) from a nuclear blast. Hardening the aircraft meant that all equipment and wiring on board was shielded from EMP.

The E-4B fleet had an estimated roll-out cost of approximately US$250 million each.

In 2005, the Air Force awarded Boeing a five-year, US$2 billion contract (equivalent to $ billion in ) for the continued upgrade of the E-4B fleet. In addition to the purchase and upgrade costs, the E-4 costs nearly $160,000 per hour () for the Air Force to operate.

Design

The E-4B is designed to survive an EMP with systems intact and has state-of-the-art direct fire countermeasures. Although many older aircraft have been upgraded with glass cockpits, the E-4B still uses traditional analog flight instruments, as they are less susceptible to damage from an EMP blast.

The E-4B is capable of operating with a crew up to 112 people including flight and mission personnel, the largest crew of any aircraft in US Air Force history.  With in-flight aerial refueling it is capable of remaining airborne for a considerable period, limited only by consumption of the engines' lubricants. In a test flight for endurance, the aircraft remained airborne and fully operational for 35.4 hours, however it was designed to remain airborne for a full week in the event of an emergency. It takes two fully loaded KC-135 tankers to fully refuel an E-4B. The E-4B has three operational decks: upper, middle, and lower.

Middle and upper decks

The flight deck contains stations for the pilot, co-pilot, and flight engineer, plus a special navigation station not normally found on commercial Boeing 747s. A lounge area and sleeping quarters for flight and maintenance crews are located aft of the flight deck. The flight crew consists of an aircraft commander, co-pilot, navigator, and flight engineer.

The middle deck contains the conference room, which provides a secure area for conferences and briefings. It contains a conference table for nine people. Aft of the conference room is a projection room serving the conference room and the briefing room. The projection room had the capability of projecting computer graphics, overhead transparencies, or 35 mm slides to the conference room and/or the briefing room but has since been modernized with flat screen displays.

The battle staff includes various controllers, planners, launch system officers, communications operators, a weather officer, administrative and support personnel, and a chief of battle staff. The Operation Looking Glass missions were commanded by a general officer with two staff officers, while the National Airborne Operations Center (NAOC) may rendezvous and embark a member of the National Command Authority (NCA) from an undisclosed location.  There are at least 48 crew aboard any E-4B mission.

Behind the briefing room is the operations team area containing the automatic data processing equipment and seats and console work areas for 29 staff members. The consoles are configured to provide access to or from the automated data processing, automatic switchboard, direct access telephone and radio circuits, direct ("hot") lines, monitor panel for switchboard lines, staff, and operator inter-phone and audio recorder.

The aft compartment at the end of the main deck is the Technical Control (Tech Control) area. This area was the nerve center for all communications and communications technicians. Typically 3 of the 6 crew positions were occupied here by specialized US Air Force technicians that were responsible for the proper monitoring and distribution of all communications power, cooling, and reliability. The Technical Controller No. 1 (Tech 1, TC1) was the direct interface with the aircraft Flight Engineer and Flight Crew. This position was also the main focal point for all communications related issues. The Technical Controller No. 2 (Tech 2, TC2) was responsible for maintaining all ultra high frequency communications between the aircraft and the Nightwatch GEP (Ground Entry Points). These GEP's provided 12 voice lines to the aircraft which were used in the day-to-day operations of the mission. Secure Voice was also provided.  The SHF Operator (or technician) maintained the SHF satellite link and provided other worldwide communications services probably having replaced a lot of the UHF capabilities.

The rest area, which occupies the remaining portion of the aft main deck, provides a rest and sleeping area for the crew members. The rest area contains storage for food and is also used for religious ceremonies.

Within the forward entry area is the main galley unit and stairways to the flight deck and to the forward lower equipment area. This area contains refrigerators, freezers, two convection ovens, and a microwave oven to give stewards the capability to provide more than 100 hot meals during prolonged missions.  Additionally, four seats are located on the left side of the forward entry area for the security guards and the stewards.

Behind the forward entry area is the National Command Authority (NCA) area, which is designed and furnished as an executive suite. It contains an office, a lounge, a sleeping area, and a dressing room. Telephone instruments in this area provide the NCA with secure and clear worldwide communications.

The briefing room contains a briefing table with three executive seats, eighteen additional seats, a lectern, and two 80-inch flat screen LED monitors flush mounted to the partition.

The communications control area is divided into a voice area and a data area.  The voice area, located on the right side of the compartment, contains the radio operator's console, the semi-automatic switchboard console, and the communication officer's console. The data area, located on the left side of the area, contains the record communications console, record data supervisor's console, high speed DATA/AUTODIN/AFSAT console, and LF/VLF control heads. The E-4B can communicate with the ground over a wide range of frequencies covering virtually the entire radio communications spectrum from 14 kHz to 8.4 GHz. Ground stations can link the E-4B into the main US ground-based communications network.

The flight avionics area contains the aircraft systems power panels, flight avionics equipment, liquid oxygen converters, and storage for baggage and spare parts.

Lower lobe
The forward lower equipment room contains the aircraft's water supply tanks, 1200 kVA electrical power panels, step down transformers, VLF transmitter, and SHF SATCOM equipment. An AC/DC powered hydraulic retractable airstair is located in the forward right side of the forward lower equipment area, installed for airplane entry and exit.  In the event of an emergency, the air stair can be jettisoned. The aft lower lobe contains the maintenance console and mission specific equipment.

The lower trailing wire antenna (TWA) area contains the aircraft's  TWA reel – which is used by up to 13 communications links – the antenna operator's station, as well as the antenna reel controls and indicators. Much attention has been given to hardening this area against EMP, especially as the TWA, essential for communicating with Ohio-class ballistic missile submarines, is also particularly effective in picking up EMP.

Operational history

The E-4 fleet was originally deployed in 1974, when it was termed National Emergency Airborne Command Post (NEACP) (often pronounced "kneecap").  The aircraft was to provide a survivable platform to conduct war operations in the event of a nuclear attack. Early in the E-4's service, the media dubbed the aircraft as "the doomsday planes". The E-4 was also capable of operating the "Looking Glass" missions of the Strategic Air Command (SAC).

The aircraft were originally stationed at Andrews Air Force Base in Maryland, so that the U.S. president and secretary of defense could access them quickly in the event of an emergency.  The name "Nightwatch" originates from the richly detailed Rembrandt painting, The Night Watch, that depicts local townsfolk protecting a town; it was selected by the Squadron's first commanding officer.  Later, the aircraft were moved to Offutt Air Force Base where they would be safer from attack. Until 1994, one E-4B was stationed at Andrews Air Force Base at all times so the President could easily board it in times of world crisis.

The NEACP aircraft originally used the static call sign "Silver Dollar"; this call sign faded from use when daily call signs were put in use.  When a President boards the E-4, its call sign becomes "Air Force One".  The E-4B also serves as the Secretary of Defense's preferred means of transportation when traveling outside the U.S. The spacious interior and sophisticated communications capability provided by the aircraft allow the Secretary's senior staff to work for the duration of the mission.

With the adoption of two highly modified Boeing 747-200Bs (Air Force designation VC-25A) to serve as Air Force One in 1989 and the end of the Cold War, the need for NEACP diminished.  In 1994, NEACP began to be known as NAOC, and it took on a new responsibility: ferrying Federal Emergency Management Agency crews to natural disaster sites and serving as a temporary command post on the ground until facilities could be built on site. Evidently no E-4B was employed during the Hurricane Katrina disaster of 2005, though one E-4B was used by FEMA following Hurricane Opal in 1995.

One E-4B is kept on alert at all times. The "cocked" or "on alert" E-4B is crewed 24 hours a day with the watch crew on board guarding all communications systems awaiting a launch order (klaxon launch). Those crew members not on watch would be in the alert barracks, gymnasium, or at other base facilities. The 24-hour alert status at Andrews AFB ended when President Clinton ordered the aircraft to remain at Offutt unless needed, though relief crews remain based at Andrews and Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

September 2001 to present

On 11 September 2001, an aircraft closely resembling an E-4B was spotted and filmed orbiting the Washington, D.C. area by news outlets and civilians, after the attack on the Pentagon. In his book Black Ice, Dan Verton identifies this aircraft as an E-4B taking part in an operational exercise, and the exercise was canceled when the first plane struck the World Trade Center. Air traffic control recordings and radar data indicate this E-4B call sign VENUS77 became airborne just before 9:44 am, circled north of the White House during its climb, and then tracked to the south of Washington, D.C., where it entered a holding pattern. In 2008 Brent Scowcroft explained in a book, that he was on this plane to go on an inspection tour to one unspecified nuclear weapons site as chairman of a DoD team called "End to End review".

In January 2006, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld announced a plan to retire the entire E-4B fleet starting in 2009.  This was reduced to retiring one of the aircraft in February 2007. Rumsfeld's successor, Robert Gates, reversed this decision in May 2007. This is due to the unique capabilities of the E-4B, which cannot be duplicated by any other single aircraft in Air Force service, and the cancellation in 2007 of the E-10 MC2A, which was considered as a successor to the EC-135 and E-8 aircraft, and could also perform many of the same tasks of the E-4B. As of the 2015 federal budget there were no plans for retiring the E-4B. The E-4B airframe has a usable life of 115,000 hours and 30,000 cycles, which would be reached in 2039; the maintenance limiting point would occur sometime in the 2020s.

All four produced are operated by the U.S. Air Force, and are assigned to the 1st Airborne Command Control Squadron (1ACCS) of the 595th Command and Control Group at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska.  Operations are coordinated by the United States Strategic Command.

When the President travels outside of North America using a VC-25A as Air Force One, an E-4B will deploy to a second airport in the vicinity of the President's destination, to be readily available in the event of a world crisis or an emergency that renders the VC-25A unusable.  When President Barack Obama visited Honolulu, Hawaii, an E-4B was often stationed 200 miles away at Hilo International Airport on Hawaii Island.

In June 2017, two of the aircraft were damaged by a tornado that struck Offutt AFB, having been struck by falling debris after the tornado damaged the hangar the aircraft were stationed in. They were out of service for eleven weeks while repairs took place. The E-4B aircraft have been based at the nearby Lincoln Air National Guard Base three times: 2006, then 2019 during the Missouri flood, and 2021–22 subsequent runway replacement.

Replacement
In 2021 and 2022, the U.S. Air Force began developing a replacement for the E-4. The new platform is currently known as the Survivable Airborne Operations Center.

Operators

United States Air Force – Global Strike Command
595th Command and Control Group – Offutt AFB, Nebraska
1st Airborne Command and Control Squadron

Variants
E-4A Three aircraft produced (s/n 73-1676, 73-1677, and 74-0787), powered by Pratt & Whitney JT9D-7A (first two aircraft) or General Electric CF6-50E2 (third aircraft) turbofan engines.  No bulge to house equipment on top of fuselage. These were later converted to E-4Bs.
E-4B One built (s/n 75-0125) and equipped with  CF6-50E2 engines. Has nuclear electromagnetic pulse protection, nuclear and thermal effects shielding, advanced electronics, and a wide variety of communications equipment.

Specifications (E-4B)

Notable appearances in media
The E-4B plays a prominent role in two motion pictures.  In the 1990 HBO film By Dawn's Early Light, following a nuclear strike by the Soviets, the aircraft serves as a flying platform for the presumed president, the ex–Secretary of the Interior, who is played by Darren McGavin. The aircraft is pursued by a Boeing EC-135 "Looking Glass", which successfully intercepts it. In the 2002 motion picture The Sum of All Fears, the president and his staff travel on an E-4B following the detonation of a nuclear weapon by terrorists. In the novel, the Vice President and his family are aboard the NEACP after terrorists detonate a nuclear bomb in Denver while the President and his National Security Advisor are stuck at Camp David during a blinding snowstorm. The E-4's program, Project Nightwatch, was referenced in the book The Fallout, by S. A. Bodeen.

National Geographic produced a television special on doomsday planning of the U.S. which includes footage from inside an E-4 during a drill.

See also

References

Bibliography
 Bowers, Peter M. Boeing Aircraft since 1916. London: Putnam, 1989. .
 Francillon, René J. "Doomsday 747s: The National Airborne Operations Center". Air International, December 2008. Key Publishing, Syamford, Lincs, UK. pp. 32–37.

 Jenkins, Dennis R. Boeing 747-100/200/300/SP (AirlinerTech Series, Vol. 6). Specialty Press, 2000. .
 Lloyd, Alwin T., A Cold War Legacy: A Tribute to Strategic Air Command- 1946–1992. Missoula, Montana, United States: Pictorial Histories Publications Company, 1999. .
 Michell, Simon. Jane's Civil and Military Upgrades 1994–95. Coulsden, Surrey, UK: Jane's Information Group, 1994. .

External links

 USAF E-4 fact sheet
 E-4 product page and history page on Boeing.com
 E-4 page on TheAviationZone.com

E-4
1970s United States command and control aircraft
Quadjets
United States nuclear command and control
Continuity of government in the United States
Aircraft first flown in 1973
E-4
Double-deck aircraft

Boeing E-4


"ත්‍රස්තවාදය සඳහා සත්කාරකත්වය සපයන රාජ්‍යයන් සහ රටවල්

" යනු,  "ජාත්‍යන්තර ත්‍රස්තවාදී ක්‍රියාවන් සඳහා පුනපුනා සහාය සැපයූ" බවට එක්සත් ජනපද රාජ්‍ය දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව විසින් ඔප්පු නොකොට චෝදනා කෙරෙමින්  එම රටවල් සඳහා එම දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව විසින් යෙදෙන නාමෝද්දිෂ්ටයකි. මෙම ලැයිස්තුවේ ඇතුලත් කිරීම වෙතින්,  දැඩි ඒකපාර්ශවික සම්බාධකයන් පැනවෙනු ලැබේ.

වර්තමානයෙහි මෙම ලැයිස්තුවෙහි සිටින රටවල් වනුයේ කියුබාව, ඉරානය, සුඩානය සහ සිරියාව වෙති.

1979,  දෙසැම්බර 29 දිනදී, ලිබියාව, ඉරාකය, දකුණු යේමනය සහ, සිරියාව වෙතින් මෙම ලැයිස්තුව ඇරඹිනි. 1982, මාර්තු 1 දිනදී,  කියුබාව එක් කරන ලද අතර,  1984, ජනවාරි 19 දිනදී, ඉරානය එක් කෙරිණි. පසුව, 1988 වසරෙහිදී,  උතුරු කොරියාව සහ 1993, අගෝස්තු 12 දිනදී සුඩානය එක් කෙරිණි. 2015, අප්‍රේල් 14 දිනදී, ලැයිස්තුව වෙතින් කියුබාව ඉවත් කිරීමේ අභිලාෂය,  ජනාධිපති ඔබාමා ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කලේය.

අධෝසටහන්

රාජ්‍ය දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව - අ.එ.ජ.

ත්‍රස්තවාදය සඳහා අනුග්‍රහය සපයන රාජ්‍යයෝ (අ.එ.ජ. නාමෝද්දිෂ්ටය)


Libéral Bruant (c. 1635 – Paris, 22 de novembro de 1697), foi um arquiteto francês mais conhecido como o designer do Hôtel des Invalides, Paris, que agora é dominado pela cúpula erguida por Jules Hardouin Mansart, seu colaborador nas fases anteriores da construção. Uma comparação da entrada central de Bruant para os Invalides, sob uma cornija arqueada repleta de troféus militares com a Église du Dome de Mansart, dá uma ideia clara da diferença entre o Alto Barroco de Bruant e o Barroco Tardio contido e um tanto acadêmico de Hardouin-Mansart.

Arquitetos da França

Libéral Bruant


Zuckmayer:

 Zuckmayer kardeşleri:
 Carl Zuckmayer (1896–1977),
 Eduard Zuckmayer (1890–1972),

 Karl Friedrich Joseph Zuckmayer,
 Alice Herdan-Zuckmayer
 Carl Zuckmayer Medal
 8058 Zuckmayer

Zuckmayer


La ṭet (𐤈) es la novena letra del alfabeto fenicio. Representaba el sonido oclusivo, dental, sordo y velarizado transliterado como /ṭ/ o /tˤ/. De esta letra derivan la tēth siríaca (ܛ), la tet hebrea (ט), las ṭāʾ (ط) y ẓāʾ (ظ) árabes, la theta (Θ) griega y la Ѳ cirílica.

Historia
Literalmente en fenicio significa «rueda». Pero según Brian Colles el glifo deriva de otro basado en nfr que significa "bueno" utilizado en la Edad del Bronce con la lectura ṭab y el significado de «bueno», que conservan los adjetivos tav en arameo, tov (טוב) en hebreo y ṭayyib (طَيّب) en árabe, últimamente derivado del jeroglífico de «bueno» (nfr). A este respecto es de destacar que en la Biblia se utiliza la palabra tov en capítulos alfabéticos para representar la tet hebrea.

Véase también
 Alfabeto fenicio

Referencias

Alfabeto fenicio

𐤈


DTB est un code qui peut signifier :
 .

DTB est un sigle qui peut signifier :
 Darker than Black, un anime de Tensai Okamura diffusé en 2007 ;
 Denkmäler der Tonkunst in Bayern (en français : Monuments de l'art musical de Bavière) ;
 Deutscher Tennis Bund (en français : Fédération allemande de tennis) ;
 Digital Talking Book, une norme de livre audio ;
 Douglas DT, un bombardier-torpilleur américain.
Code

DTB


The Last Supper jedanaesti je studijski album njemačkog heavy metal-sastava Grave Digger. Diskografska kuća Nuclear Blast Records objavila ga je 17. siječnja 2005. Tekstovi pjesmama govore o posljednjim danima Isusa Krista.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje

 Grave Digger

 Chris Boltendahl – vokal, prateći vokal, produkcija
 Manni Schmidt – gitara, produkcija
 Jens Becker – bas-gitara
 H.P. Katzenburg – klavijature
 Stefan Arnold – bubnjevi

 Dodatni glazbenici

 Hacky Hackmann – prateći vokal

 Ostalo osoblje

 Jörg Umbreit – produkcija, inženjer zvuka
 Vincent Sorg – inženjer zvuka, mastering
 Stefan Malzkorn – fotografije
 Gyula Havencsák – grafički dizajn

Izvori

Albumi sastava Grave Digger
Albumi iz 2005.

The Last Supper


Barry Buchanan (born January 15, 1968) is an American professional wrestler. He is best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation / Entertainment (WWF/WWE) under the ring names Recon, Bull Buchanan and B² and for his appearances with All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW) and Pro Wrestling Noah (NOAH) as Buchanan. Primarily a tag team wrestler, Buchanan is a former WWF World Tag Team Champion, All Asia Tag Team Champion, GHC Tag Team Champion and USWA World Tag Team Champion.

Professional wrestling career

Early career (1995)
Buchanan was trained to wrestle by James Hammonds. He debuted in 1995, wrestling on the North Georgia independent circuit as "The Punisher". Buchanan formed a tag team with Ric Savage called "Body Count". The duo competed in National Championship Wrestling (NCW) until Buchanan was recruited by Jim Cornette for Smoky Mountain Wrestling.

Smoky Mountain Wrestling (1995)
Buchanan debuted in Smoky Mountain Wrestling (SMW) in 1995 as "The Punisher". He was a member of Jim Cornette's stable "The Militia" and acted as Cornette's bodyguard, feuding with Boo Bradley and The Bullet. Buchanan wrestled on the final SMW show, teaming with Tommy Rich to wrestle Buddy Landel and The Bullet.

Extreme Championship Wrestling (1996)
Known as Stud, he teamed with Billy Black as The Dark Riders. The team made two appearances for ECW, with clips of a March 1996 match against ECW World Tag Team Champions, The Eliminators, airing on ECW's weekly television show.

United States Wrestling Association (1995–1997)

After SMW closed, Buchanan signed a WWF developmental contract and was assigned to the United States Wrestling Association (USWA), where he was known as "Recon" of the Truth Commission. With his partner The Interrogator, Buchanan won the USWA World Tag Team Championship on March 6, 1997, when they beat Billy Joe Travis and Flash Flanagan. The duo only held the titles for a week before losing them back to Flash Flanagan and Billy Joe Travis. The Truth Commission regained the titles on April 19 when they beat Billy Kidman and Ace Darling in Memphis, Tennessee. The second reign came to an end on May 14 when Steven Dunn and Paul Diamond defeated "Recon" and the Interrogator. Two weeks later, the Truth Commission became three times champions and held them until the titles were held up on June 14. The titles were vacated because Truth Commission member Tank teamed up with "Recon" and the titles could not be defended by a substitute. The Truth Commission left the USWA only a short time later as they were being called up to the World Wrestling Federation.

World Wrestling Federation / World Wrestling Entertainment (1997–2003)

The Truth Commission (1997–1998)

The entire Truth Commission faction (except "Sniper") up until that point were brought in to the World Wrestling Federation. They made their WWF debut on the June 28, 1997, episode of Shotgun Saturday Night. The following week, Sniper made his debut and soon after Tank was removed from the team. The Truth Commission stable was short-lived; it disbanded in 1998, but Buchanan and Sniper of the Truth Commission stayed together as the short-lived tag team, Armageddon. After that team disappeared from TV, Buchanan remained under WWF contract, and was sent to their "developmental territory" Ohio Valley Wrestling to improve his skills. While there, Buchanan and partner Mr. Black captured the OVW Southern Tag Team Championship.

Right to Censor (2000–2001)

Buchanan returned to the WWF on the March 19, 2000, edition of Sunday Night Heat, now under the name "Bull Buchanan" and dressed in a SWAT uniform, helping the Big Boss Man attack Mideon. Buchanan and the Big Boss Man continued wearing matching SWAT-style uniforms and teaming together as Buchanan acted as some sort of a protégé to Boss Man. The team had a decent amount of success as they defeated The Godfather and D'Lo Brown at WrestleMania 2000, and beat the Acolytes the following month at Backlash. The team split on the June 5, 2000, edition of Raw Is War; after a loss to the Hardy Boyz, Buchanan and Boss Man began to argue which led to shoving and eventually Boss Man knocking out Buchanan with his nightstick when Buchanan's back was turned.

Buchanan briefly struck out on his own after that alliance ended, unsuccessfully participating in the King of the Ring tournament, before joining Steven Richards' ultra-conservative stable Right to Censor. On the July 24 episode of Raw, Buchanan faced the Godfather, in which he agreed to give up pimping if he lost. Buchanan defeated The Godfather, who promptly joined the stable and renounced his former ways. At SummerSlam on August 27, Right to Censor defeated Too Cool in a six-man tag team match. On the September 11 episode of Raw, Buchanan and the rechristened Goodfather defeated the Acolytes. After the match, Val Venis attacked the Acolytes, joining the group in the process. At Unforgiven, Right to Censor defeated the Acolytes and the Dudley Boyz. At No Mercy on October 22, Buchanan and Goodfather entered into an elimination tag team tables match, which was won by the Dudleys. The next night on Raw, Ivory was announced as the newest member of the group. Buchanan and Goodfather won the WWF Tag Team Championship from the Hardy Boyz on the November 6 episode of Raw. At Survivor Series, Buchanan and Goodfather teamed up with Edge and Christian, to face the Hardys and the Dudleys in a losing effort. At Rebellion, the duo retained the titles against the Hardys. They lost the titles to Edge and Christian at Armageddon in a fatal four-way tag team match also involving K-Kwik and Road Dogg and the Dudleys.

Buchanan entered the 2001 Royal Rumble match on January 21, 2001, at entry number 2, but was eliminated by the Hardys. At WrestleMania X-Seven, Buchanan, Goodfather and Venis were defeated by the APA (formerly the Acolytes) and Tazz. Also at the event, Ivory lost the WWF Women's Championship to Chyna. On the April 26 episode of SmackDown!, Right to Censor lost to the Brothers of Destruction on a 4-on-2 handicap match, after all other members walked out on Richards mid-match. Buchanan would continue to team with Goodfather, until the June 17 episode of Sunday Night Heat, where they lost to the Dudleys.

Teaming with John Cena and departure (2002–2003)
After Right to Censor was disbanded in mid-2001, Buchanan was once again sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling. In August 2002 he returned to the WWE after wrestling several matches with seemingly no character or purpose, until November 21 when John Cena was pinned by Rikishi. Buchanan came out and attacked Rikishi after the match thus aligning himself with Cena, who was beginning a rapper gimmick in which he would freestyle rhyme about his opponent as he made his entrance. Buchanan stood as an enforcer character for Cena and eventually finished Cena's Freestyles with his own quote: "Boo-yah!"  Buchanan also began using the name B-2 (also written as B², pronounced "B-Squared"), and was also called Bling Bling Buchanan. This pairing did not last long. On the January 16, 2003, edition of SmackDown!, Cena and B-2 lost to Los Guerreros in a tag team title match which led to Cena blaming B-2 after the match for being pinned. This led to Cena slapping B-2 and B-2 shoving Cena down. As B-2 went to attack Cena, Redd Dogg debuted and came through the crowd and joined Cena in a beatdown on B-2; thus, Redd Dogg replaced B-2 at Cena's side. B-2's last televised match was on January 19 at the Royal Rumble in which he entered at number 11 and was eliminated rather quickly. B-2's last match was cut out of the January 23 edition of SmackDown! in which Redd Dogg defeated B-2. B-2 was released from WWE on January 26, 2003.

Eight years later, on the November 14, 2011, episode of Raw, Buchanan made a one-night return to WWE in a segment where Mick Foley was bringing out people from John Cena's past, and Buchanan claimed that Cena ruined his life.

All Japan Pro Wrestling (2003–2007)

After parting ways with WWE, he signed with top Japanese promotion All Japan Pro Wrestling and performed as Buchanan. He debuted in early October and immediately aligned himself with Taka Michinoku, D'Lo Brown and The Gladiator and eventually joined Roughly Obsess and Destroy. On October 26, Buchanan and Brown took on Arashi and Keiji Muto for the World Tag Team Championship and lost. In the World's Strongest Tag Determination League 2003, Buchanan teamed with Gigantes where they gained six points, therefore not enough to progress further. On February 11, 2004, he teamed with Gladiator in his second Unified World Tag Team Championship and lost to the champions, Kaz Hayashi and Satoshi Kojima. Once again, Buchanan participated in the World's Strongest Tag Determination League for that year and teamed with D'lo Brown but would once again fall at the first hurdle. After teaming with various members of RO&D and having little success, he decided to bring in a new member which was Rico. This would prove to be the right choice as in their first match, on February 5, 2005, they defeated  Masayuki Naruse and Mitsuya Nagai to become the All Asia Tag Team Champions. With that win, RO&D held all the championships in AJPW. Later in the month, there was an AJPW vs RO&D which RO&D won. Buchanan would participate in his first Champion Carnival 2005 where he gained five points. On May 27, 2005, Buchanan and Rico vacated the All Asia Tag Team Championship due to Rico retiring. In late 2005, RO&D became faces and feuded against the Voodoo Murders. During the transitional time, Buchanan and D'lo Brown lost to Katsuhiko Nakajima and Kensuke Sasaki in a match for the All Asia Tag Team Championship and later in the year took part in World's Strongest Tag Determination League 2005. Over the last part of 2005 and most of 2006, Buchanan would team with various members of RO&D and take part in tournaments and had very little success. With that in mind, on September 17, 2006, Buchanan and his regular tag team partner, D'lo Brown, betrayed RO&D and joined the rival Voodoo Murders faction. Buchanan and Brown continued to team with each other in Voodoo Murders and even took part in the World's Strongest Tag Determination League 2006 and once again lost. In early 2007, Buchanan and Brown left Voodoo Murders and AJPW to join Pro Wrestling Noah.

Pro Wrestling Noah (2007–2010)

On May 17, 2007, Buchanan along with D'lo Brown and Taka Michinoku debuted for Pro Wrestling Noah and would reform Roughly Obsess and Destroy. On July 8, Buchanan and Brown took on Jun Akiyama and Takeshi Rikio for the GHC Tag Team Championship and lost. After the tag titles were vacated, Buchanan and Brown took part in the GHC Tag Team Championship Decision Tournament where whoever gained the most points would win the tournament and the title. Buchanan and Brown gained six points, the most of any team, and therefore became the GHC Tag Team Champions. However, the celebrations would be cut short because only a week later, on October 10, they lost the titles to Naomichi Marufuji and Takashi Sugiura. They would enter to Global Tag League 2008 and 2009 but would come short. After being eliminated from the tournament, Buchanan would leave Noah but returned in February 2010 for one last tour.

Independent circuit (2004–2019)
On October 30, 2004, Buchanan and AJ Steele defeated David Young and Sonny Siaki to become the GCW Tag Team Champions but a week later, Steele would turn on him and teamed up with Damien Steel in a two on one handicapped match for the titles which the Steele Brothers won. Buchanan formed a stable called Bad Company which consisted of himself, David Young and The Grappler. In late 2004, Buchanan and The Grappler took on The Steele Brothers for the GCW Tag Team Championship and lost. On April 23, 2005, Buchanan and Young defeated Southside Trash (Big Daddy and Rowdy) for the GCW Tag Team Championship. on July 11, they lost the titles to John Bogie and Lee Thomas. Over a year later on December 13, 2006, Buchanan and Johnny Swinger defeated The Diamonds In The Rough (David Young and Elix Skipper) to become a three time GCW Tag Team Champion. They would hold the titles for 56 days before losing them to the NOW (Hale Collins and Vik Dalishus).

On September 29, 2007, Buchanan defeated former tag team partner, Johnny Swinger, to become the GCW Heavyweight Champion. In December, Buchanan would lose the title back to Swinger. He would challenge Swinger to several rematches but lost his first and won the second via DQ, therefore not winning the title back. In mid-2008, Buchanan would team up with another former partner, David Young, and Sonny Siaki. Although neither of them had a tag team title shot, the three of them earned a shot at Swingers' heavyweight title and in a four-way elimination match, Swinger came out on top. On June 27, 2008, Buchanan and Scotty Beach defeated  Hot Like Lava (Cru Jones and Shaun Banks) for the GCW Tag Team Championship. They held the titles until September 18 when they lost them to Micah Taylor and Cru Jones. On January 28, 2010, Buchanan defeated Kyle Matthews to become a two time GCW Heavyweight Champion, however, he would lose it to Murder-1 on February 11. For the rest of 2010, Buchanan had multiple title shots but failed to capitalize on any of them.

Buchanan worked mainly for Universal Independent Wrestling in Georgia in his final years as a performer. He retired from professional wrestling on November 22, 2014, teaming with D'Lo Brown to face AJ Steele and Brad Lynch in his final match. In March 2019, Buchanan returned to the ring teaming with his son Ben where they won a tag team match.

Personal life
Buchanan has a son named Benjamin, who is also a professional wrestler currently signed to WWE, where he competes under the ring name Brooks Jensen.

Championships and accomplishments
All Japan Pro Wrestling
All Asia Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Rico Constantino
Georgia Championship Wrestling / Great Championship Wrestling
GCW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
GCW Tag Team Championship (4 times) – with A.J. Steele (1), David Young (1), Johnny Swinger (1) and  Scotty Beach (1)
Global Championship Wrestling
GCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Music City Wrestling
MCW North American Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
Ohio Valley Wrestling
OVW Southern Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Mr. Black
Pro Wrestling America
PWA Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Pro Wrestling Illustrated
Ranked No. 81 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2001
Pro Wrestling Noah
GHC Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with D'Lo Brown
Global Tag League Technique Prize (2008, 2009) – with D'Lo Brown
Rampage Pro Wrestling
RPW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Southern Extreme Championship Wrestling
SECW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
Southern Fried Championship Wrestling
SFCW Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Ben Buchanan
United States Wrestling Association
USWA World Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with The Interrogator
Universal Independent Wrestling
UIW Heavyweight Championship (4 times)
World Wrestling Federation
WWF World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with The Godfather

References

External links

1968 births
American male professional wrestlers
Faux South African professional wrestlers
Living people
People from Bowdon, Georgia
Professional wrestlers from Georgia (U.S. state)
Sportspeople from Atlanta
20th-century professional wrestlers
21st-century professional wrestlers
GHC Tag Team Champions
All Asia Tag Team Champions
USWA World Tag Team Champions
World Tag Team Champions (WWE)

Bull Buchanan


بلدية كامبايلو دي ديلايتوزا ، هي بلدية تقع في مقاطعة قصرش والتي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا، غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 120 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قصرش
بلديات قصرش

كامبايلو دي ديلايتوزا


En finance, le prix moyen pondéré en fonction du volume (en , VWAP) est le rapport de la valeur d'un titre ou d'un actif financier négocié au volume total des transactions au cours d'une séance de bourse. Il s'agit d'une mesure du prix de négociation moyen pour la période.

En règle générale, l'indicateur est calculé pour une période d'un jour, mais il peut être mesuré entre deux moments quelconques.

La première exécution basée sur le VWAP a eu lieu en 1984 pour la  par James Elkins, alors trader en chef chez Abel Noser.

Formule
Le VWAP est calculé à l'aide de la formule suivante :

où:

  est le prix moyen pondéré par le volume ;
  est le prix du négoce  ;
  est la quantité du négoce  ;
  est chaque transaction individuelle qui a lieu au cours de la période de temps définie, à l'exclusion des transactions croisées et des transactions croisées sur panier.

Utilisation du VWAP
Le VWAP peut être utilisé de la même manière que les moyennes mobiles, où les prix supérieurs au VWAP reflètent un sentiment haussier et les prix inférieurs au VWAP reflètent un sentiment baissier. Les traders peuvent initier des positions courtes lorsque le cours de l'action passe en dessous du VWAP pendant une période donnée ou initier une position longue lorsque le prix passe au-dessus du VWAP.

Les acheteurs institutionnels et les algorithmes utiliseront souvent le VWAP pour planifier les entrées et initier des positions plus importantes sans perturber le cours de l'action.

Le glissement VWAP est la performance d'un courtier, et de nombreuses entreprises côté achat utilisent désormais une  pour diriger leur flux vers le meilleur courtier.

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Prix moyen pondéré dans le temps

Marché d'actions
Mathématiques financières
Nouveauté en 1984

Prix moyen pondéré en fonction du volume


The P-15 Termit (; ) is an anti-ship missile developed by the Soviet Union's Raduga design bureau in the 1950s. Its GRAU designation was 4K40, its NATO reporting name was Styx or SS-N-2.  China acquired the design in 1958 and created at least four versions: the CSS-N-1 Scrubbrush and CSS-N-2 versions were developed for ship-launched operation, while the CSS-C-2 Silkworm and CSS-C-3 Seersucker were used for coastal defence. Other names for this basic type of missile include: HY-1, SY-1, and FL-1 Flying Dragon (Chinese designations typically differ for export and domestic use, even for otherwise identical equipment), North Korean local produced KN-1 or KN-01, derived from both Silkworm variants and Russian & USSR P-15, Rubezh, P-20 P-22 .

Despite its large size, thousands of P-15s were built and installed on many classes of ships from torpedo boats to destroyers, and coastal batteries and bomber aircraft (Chinese versions).

Origins
The P-15 was not the first anti-ship missile in Soviet service; that distinction goes to the SS-N-1 Scrubber, and to the aircraft-launched AS-1 Kennel. The SS-N-1 was a powerful but rather raw system, and it was soon superseded by the SS-N-3 Shaddock. This weapon was  fitted to 4,000-ton Kynda class cruisers and replaced an initial plan for 30,000-ton battlecruisers armed with 305mm and 45mm guns. Rather than rely on a few heavy and costly ships, a new weapons system was designed to fit smaller, more numerous vessels, while maintaining sufficient striking power. The P-15 was developed by the Soviet designer Beresyniak, who helped in the development of the BI rocket interceptor.

Design

The first variant was the P-15, with fixed wings. The basic design of the missile, retained for all subsequent versions, featured a cylindrical body, a rounded nose, two delta wings in the center and three control surfaces in the tail. It was also fitted with a solid-fueled booster under the belly. This design was based on the Yak-1000 experimental fighter built in 1951.

The weapon was meant to be cheap, yet still give an ordinary missile boat the same 'punch' as a battleship salvo. The onboard electronics were based on a simple analog design, with a homing conical scanning radar sensor. It used a more reliable rocket engine with acid fuel in preference to a turbojet.

Some shortcomings were never totally solved, due to the liquid propellant of the rocket engine: the acid fuel gradually corroded the missile fuselage. Launches were not possible outside a temperature range of .

The missile weighed around , had a top speed of Mach 0.9 and a range of . The explosive warhead was behind the fuel tank, and as the missile retained a large amount of unburned fuel at the time of impact, even at maximum range, it acted as an incendiary device.

The warhead was a  shaped charge, an enlarged version of a high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead, larger than the semi-armour piercing (SAP) warhead typical of anti-ship missiles. The launch was usually made with the help of electronic warfare support measures (ESM) gear and Garpun radar at a range of between  due to the limits of the targeting system. The Garpun's range against a destroyer was about .

The onboard sensor was activated at  from impact, the missile would begin to descend at 1-2° to the target, because the flight pattern was about  above sea level. In minimum range engagements there was the possibility of using active sensors at shorter distances, as little as .
The P-15U was introduced in 1965, with improved avionics and folding wings, enabling the use of smaller containers. It was replaced by the P-15M in 1972, which was a further development of the P-15U, with enhanced abilities (its export simplified variants were designated P-21 and P-22, depending on the sensor installed, and a whole export system was designated the P-20M).

Versions

Russia
In total, the P-15 family had the following models:
P-15: A basic (SS-N-2A) with I-band, a conical search sensor and 40 km range.
P-15M: (SS-N-2C), heavier and longer than the P-15, it had a range of 80 km and several minor improvements.
P-15MC: Essentially a P-15M, coupled with a Bulgarian-made electronic countermeasure package for that country's navy.
P-20: A P-15 updated with the new guidance system  but with the original shorter range. They were perhaps known as SS-N-2B and used by Komar and Osa class boats.
P-20K: A P-15M with a new guidance system.
P-20M: A surface version of the P-20L with folding wings. This was the definitive version of the P-15M with radar guidance.
P-22 other development of or along P-20 ; other variants P-21, P-27
4K51 Rubezh and 4K40, SS-N-2C SSC-3 Styx, using P-20 and P-22, Self-propelled missile

People's Republic of China

The Chinese used this missile as a basis for their Silkworm series, with infrared (IR), radar,  and turbojets or rocket engines depending on the model. The fuselage width is . The mass is over 2 tonnes. This is comparable to the  and  of Western missiles. With improved electronics, the warhead reduced to  and the original rocket engine replaced with a turbojet, this weapon was much improved with a range of over . Chinese Silkworm missiles were used in hundreds of ships and shore batteries. The Chinese Navy built more than two hundred modified versions of the 183R (Komar-class), the Hegu-class, (complete with a longer hull and an added 25mm mount aft) and the Osa-class. Frigates and destroyers were also equipped with the missile. Some were exported and they were used in shore batteries built for North Korea, Iraq and Iran. The Soviet Union developed an equivalent, the P-120 Malakhit.

 (C.201) (SY is the abbreviation of pinyin: Shàng Yóu, literal meaning is upper river): The original Chinese copy of P-15 as ship-to-ship missile, called as Project 544, designed and assembled by Nanchang Aerocraft Factory from 1960, first inland test flight in December 1964 and ship-mounted test-fired in August 1965, finished the research tests in June 1966, began definitizing test from Nov 1966, permitted definitize in August 1967. It entered service during 1968 in missile boats and destroyers and later coastal batteries. Dimensions were:  (length), 0.76m (diameter), 2.4m (wingspan). It weighed  of which  was the HEAT warhead. Its range was  at Mach 0.8, with a flight altitude of , it used inertial and active radar guidance systems. This unit employed conical scanning and was vulnerable to electronic counter measures (ECM), due to its slow onboard computer. The SY-1A entered service after 1984, with a monopulse surface-search radar comparable to the evolution of the AIM-7, F to M model.
SY-2: An improved version developed from 1976. Used the solid rocket engine and supersonics flight, smaller and lighter than SY-1, extended range to 50 km. The exported version is FL-2.

 (C.201) (HY is the abbreviation of pinyin:Hǎi Yīng, literal meaning is Sea Eagle): It was the equivalent of the P-15M, and was known as the C-SS-3 Saccade. Designed for coastal batteries, with a larger airframe, its dimensions were: 7.48m × 0.76m × 2.4m, weight . extended range from the SY-1's . Trials were carried out from 1967 to 1970 with 10 missiles out of 11 hitting the target. It entered service in China and was also exported. There were several versions:
HY-2: Basic, inertial and conical radar search (improved to SY-1), 1970.
HY-2A: IR-guidance variant. Developed during the 1970s and in 1980, it did not enter service despite certification in 1982. It was the equivalent of the P-22.
HY-2A-II: An improved variant of the HY-2A with an improved IR sensor, it entered service in 1988. It was also available for export.
: Fitted with monopulse-search radar to improve accuracy and reliability, it was test-fired, scoring five hits out of six and entered service two years later in 1984. The YB-2B-II had another radar search system, entering service in 1989. These two missiles could fly at an altitude of 20–50m, so the overall abilities (altitude, range, reliability, electronic counter counter measures (ECCM)) were greatly superior.
: Fitted with a turbojet engine instead of a liquid rocket version. It was only used for export, it had a 150 km range. It is arguably also called HY-4 or C-SS-N-7 Sadpack, its dimensions are similar to the HY-1 and HY-2, but its weight is only , demonstrating the differences between turbojet and rocket propulsion systems. It can fly at  and attack at , with a  charge. The XW-41 land attack missile was extrapolated from this design, it had a range of about , which was enough to attack Taiwan. It is not known if this model entered service.

Substitutes of these missiles are the FL-2 and FL-7, which were solid-rocket fuelled and the C-701 and C-801, which were similar to the Exocet and other missile systems, among them the SS-N-22 Sunburn, it was bought for Sovremenny class destroyers.

North Korea
KN-1 or KN-01 locally produced Geum Seong-1 Korean 금성-1호, derived from both Silkworm and Russian P-15 Termit, Rubezh, P-20 P-22 .

Launch platforms
This missile, despite its mass, was used in small and medium ships, from 60 to 4,000 tons, shore batteries and (only for derived models) aircraft and submarines. The main users were:
Komar-class missile boats
Osa-class missile boats
Tarantul-class corvettes
Nanuchka-class corvettes
Koni-class frigates
Kotor-class frigates
The frigate Mărășești
Kildin-class destroyers
Kashin-class destroyers

Operational usage

Cuban Missile Crisis
The first use of these weapons was in 1962, during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Komar-class missile boats were deployed in Operation "Anadyr" ("Анадырь"), organized by the Soviet Union to help the Castro government. At least eight were sent in cargo ships, due partly to their small dimensions and were presumably left to the Cuban Navy after the crisis, together with many other weapons of Soviet origin.

War of Attrition
During the War of Attrition, after the Six-Day War in 1967, the Israeli destroyer Eilat was sailing at low speed outside Port Said on 21 October. At a range of , she was attacked by two Egyptian Komars, acting as a coastal missile battery both fired their missiles from inside the harbour. Eilat was hit, despite defensive anti-aircraft fire. The first two missiles almost blew the Eilat in two; another hit soon after, and the last exploded near the wreck in the sea. Eilat sank two hours after the first attack. 47 crew were killed. After this engagement, interest in this type of weapon was raised in both offensive weapons and defensive weapons such as close-in weapon systems (CIWS) and electronic countermeasures (ECM).

Indo-Pakistani War

During the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Indian Osa-class boats raided the port of Karachi in two highly successful operations causing severe damage and sinking several ships with their P-15s, among them the destroyer, Khaibar. She was a former Battle-class destroyer, originally designed as an anti-aircraft ship. Her armament might be effective against conventional air threats, (mounting 5 × 114mm guns and several 40mm Bofors), but had little chance against anti-ship missiles.

These raids were meant to strike Karachi and destroy the Pakistani Navy in Western Pakistan. The first action, Operation Trident, was carried out by three Osa class missile boats on the night of 5 December. 'Operation Trident' involved:
INS Nipat (Lt.-Cdr B.N Kavina, Vir Chakra (VrC))
INS Nirghat (Lt.-Cdr I.J Sharma, Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM), VrC)
INS Veer (Lt.-Cdr O.P Mehta, VrC, NM)

Around 20:30, a target was acquired by radar, at a distance of over , and Nirghat fired two missiles. This target was the destroyer Khaibar, sailing at . The crew of the ship saw a "bright light" in the sky, low on the water. Believing it to be the afterburner of a fighter aircraft, Khaibar opened fire with her Bofors guns, but these were not effective against such a small, fast target. The missile struck the starboard side at 22:45, destroying the electrical system. One of the boilers, possibly struck by the HEAT charge, also exploded. Despite thick smoke and a fire, Khaibar was still able to engage the second missile, again mistaking it for an enemy fighter. This missile struck the ship four minutes after the first, destroying and quickly sinking her.

During this action, Nipat attacked another two ships; the cargo vessel Venus Challenger, which was carrying ammunition from Saigon, was destroyed. Her escort, the destroyer PNS Shahjahan was severely damaged and later scrapped.

Veer then attacked Muhafiz at 23:05, (she was a minesweeper that had witnessed the attacks against Khaibar); she was hit and disintegrated, throwing most of the crew into the water before she sank.

Nipat fired two missiles at the port of Karachi. This is the first known use of an anti-ship missile against land targets. Large oil tanks, identified by radar, were hit by the first missile, destroying it, while the second weapon failed. Over the following nights there were other ship actions. Karachi was again attacked with missiles, while Petya-class frigates provided anti-submarine protection to the Osa-class boats.

On the night of 8 December, in the second operation, Operation Python, the Osa-class boat Vinash, escorted by two frigates, fired missiles at Karachi in a six-minute action. One missile hit an oil tank, destroying it. The British ship Harmattan was sunk, the Panamanian ship Gulfstar was set on fire. The Pakistan Navy fleet tanker, PNS Dacca, was badly damaged and only survived because the commanding officer, Captain. S.Q. Raza S.J. P.N., ordered the release of steam in the pipes that prevented the fire reaching the tanks. Though anti-aircraft guns opened fire in response, they only managed to hit a Greek ship, Zoë, that was moored in the port and consequently sank.

In all these actions against large ships, the P-15 proved to be an effective weapon, with a devastating warhead. Out of eleven missiles fired, only one malfunctioned, giving a 91% success rate. This gave every Osa FAC the possibility of striking several targets. Big ships, without any specialized defence, were targets for P-15s.

United States
CIA inspected and analyzed data on Styx missiles from the guidance systems of missiles delivered to Indonesia. The US Navy had underestimated the threat of Soviet missiles, but after 1967 this changed. The US Navy thought that North Vietnam missile boats and coastal defenses using P-15 missiles could be met by US vessels off the coast and that ECM and air defense missiles would be effective countermeasures. The Soviet Union in fact decided not to supply P-15 missiles to North Vietnam, even though a promise to do so had been made in 1965.

In April 1972 the US Navy claimed to have been attacked by P-15 missiles and they were shot down by Terrier missiles.

Yom Kippur War
Despite these early successes, the 1973 Yom Kippur War saw P-15 missiles used by the Egyptian and Syrian navies prove ineffective against Israeli ships. The Israeli Navy had phased out their old ships, building a fleet of Sa'ar-class FACs: faster, smaller, more maneuverable and equipped with new missiles and countermeasures.

Although the range of the P-15 was twice that of the Israeli Gabriel, allowing Arab ships to fire first, radar jamming and chaff degraded their accuracy. In the Battle of Latakia and Battle of Baltim, several dozen P-15s were fired and all missed. Arab ships did not possess heavy firepower required for surface combat against enemy vessels, usually only 25 and 30mm guns, and Osa and Komar boats were not always able to outrun their Israeli pursuers.

Iran–Iraq War
P-15 variants, including the Chinese duplication "Silkworm", were employed by Iran against Iraq in the 1980–1988 Iran–Iraq War, with some success. As the Iranian coastline is longer than Iraq's, control of the Persian Gulf was relatively easy.  Shore batteries with missiles can control a large part of this area, especially around the Hormuz Strait.

Iraq also acquired Silkworms, some with an IR homing ability. Iraqi OSA-class missile boats equipped with SS-N-2 used them against the IRIN navy, managed to hit and sink an Iranian Kaman-class fast attack craft, but sustained heavy losses, especially from Iranian Harpoons and Mavericks. Iraqi forces combined SS-N-2 (P-15 Termit) launched from Tu-22, Exocet missiles launched from Mirage F1 and Super Etendard, as well as Silkworm missiles and C-601 missiles launched from Tu-16 and H-6 bombers, bought from the Soviet Union and China to engage the Iranian Navy and tankers carrying Iranian oil.

Gulf War (1990–1991)

During the First Gulf War an Iraqi missile crew attacked US battleship  with a Silkworm, while it was escorting a fleet of minesweepers engaged in coastal anti-mine operations. HMS Gloucester engaged the missile with a salvo shot of Sea Dart missiles which destroyed it after it had flown over its initial target.

Operators

The P-15 missile family and their clones were widely deployed from the 1960s.

The German Navy, after reunification, gave its stock of almost 200 P-15s to the United States Navy in 1991, these weapons being mainly the P-15M/P-22. They were used for missile defence tests.

Current operators

 – P-20U and 4K51 Rubezh.
 – P-22, P-20U, and 4K51 Rubezh.
 – P-20.
 – P-27 Termit-R mounted on destroyers and corvettes.
 – HY-2.
 – P-22.
 – P-15, P-20, HY-1 and Kumsong-3.
 – HY-1, HY-2, and HY-4.
 – P-22.
 – P-22 Mounted on Tarantul-class corvettes and 4K51 Rubezh on coastal batteries.
 – P-15M and P-22.
 – P-15, P-20, and 4K51 Rubezh.

Former operators

 – retired from service.
 – retired from service.
 – HY-1 and HY-2 used on Type 021-class missile boats and Type 024 missile boats, retired from service.
 – P-22, used until 2021.
 – retired from service.
 – passed on to Germany.
 – acquired from East Germany after the German reunification and withdrawn from service shortly thereafter.
 – P-15M missiles transferred from Ukraine in 1999 for the Matka-class missile boat, Tbilisi.
 – passed on to Eritrea.
 – acquired from Ethiopia. Out of service in 2004.
 – used on Komar-class missile boats.
 – retired from service after the 2003 Invasion of Iraq.
 – retired from service.
 – P-21/22 used until 2014.
 – out of service after the Somali Civil War.
 – passed on to the unified Yemeni state.
 – passed on to successor states.
 – operated some prior to the 2022 Invasion of Ukraine.
 – acquired after the Yemeni unification. Non-operational after the civil war.
 – passed on to successor states.

Captured-only operators
, for experimental activities.
, acquired from Egyptian Navy for experimental activities only, no deployment.

References
Notes

Bibliography

Slade, Stuart, The true history of Soviet anti-ship missiles, Rivista Italiana Difesa magazine May 1994.
Shikavthecenko, V, 'Lightings in the sea: the Russian FACs developments' RID September 1995.
SY-1 missile
C.201 missile

External links

P-015
Surface-to-surface missiles
MKB Raduga products

P-15 Termit


Trittau, Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaleti Stormarn iline bağlı bölge. 28,59 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu 31 Aralık 2016 itibarıyla 8834 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Nüfus yoğunluğu ise 309 seviyesindedir. Belediye başkanlığı Oliver Mesch tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi site

Stormarn iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Trittau


An Triticum polonicum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carl von Linné. An Triticum polonicum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Triticum, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Triticum

Triticum polonicum


Salvia neovidensis é uma espécie de planta do gênero Salvia e da família Lamiaceae.
Salvia neovidensis Benth. é reconhecida pela associação dos estames exsertos, brácteas subuladas e corola coccínea. É encontrada principalmente na região serrana no interior do Espírito Santo.

Taxonomia
A espécie foi descrita em 1833 por George Bentham.
O seguinte sinônimo já foi catalogado:
 Salvia itaguassuensis  Brade & Barb.Per.

Forma de vida
É uma espécie terrícola e subarbustiva.

Descrição
Subarbusto de até aproximadamente 1,5 metros de altura. Folha peciolada, pecíolo de 1–2 centímetros de comprimento, limbo 5–8 × 2,5–6 cm. Bráctea 6–9 milímetros de comprimento Cálice florífero 6,5–8,5 milímetros de comprimento, frutífero até 12 milímetros de comprimento, lábio superior mucronado; corola com tubo de 23–26 milímetros de comprimento, lábio inferior inflexo; conectivo 18 milímetros de comprimento, apófise ausente.

Conservação
A espécie faz parte da Lista Vermelha das espécies ameaçadas do estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista foi publicada em 13 de junho de 2005 por intermédio do decreto estadual nº 1.499-R.

Distribuição
A espécie é encontrada no estado brasileiro de Espírito Santo.
A espécie é encontrada no domínio fitogeográfico de Mata Atlântica, em regiões com vegetação de floresta ombrófila pluvial.

Notas
Contém texto em CC-BY-SA 4.0 de Oliveira, A.B.; Antar, G.M.; Mota, M.C.A.; Pastore, J.F.B. Salvia  in Flora e Funga do Brasil.

Ligações externas
 Salvia neovidensis no projeto Flora e Funga do Brasil

Salvia
Plantas descritas em 1833
Flora do Espírito Santo (estado)
Espécies citadas na Lista Vermelha de Ameaça da Flora Brasileira
Espécies citadas na Lista de Espécies da Flora Ameaçadas do Espírito Santo

Salvia neovidensis


Change UK – The Independent Group (TIG) (dansk: Forandre Storbritannien – Den Uafhængige Gruppe) er et britisk EU-venligt parti, der blev stiftet i februar 2019, og som blev registreret officielt i april samme år.

Partiet blev startet den 18. februar 2019 af syv tidligere Labour-medlemmer af Underhuset. .

Medlemmer af Underhuset
I slutningen af april 2019 har Change UK – The Independent Group 11 medlemmer i Underhuset. Dagen efter stiftelsen indmeldte der sig endnu et medlem fra Labour, og to dage efter meldte to konservative sig ind.

Medlemmer af Europa-Parlamentet
Den 7. oktober 2017 blev MEP'erne Richard Ashworth og Julie Girling suspenderede fra den britiske konservative gruppe i Europa-Parlamentet, og den 28. februar 2018 forlod de Gruppen af Europæiske Konservative og Reformister til fordel for den kristendemokratiske gruppe.

Den 16. april 2019 tilsluttede Richard Ashworth og Julie Girling sig Change UK – The Independent Group.

Noter

Etableret i 2019
Politiske partier i Storbritannien

Change UK


Altobar de la Encomienda es una localidad del municipio de Pozuelo del Páramo, en la provincia de León, Comunidad Autónoma de Castilla y León, (España).

Situación

Limita con La Nora del Río al O; con Navianos de la Vega al N; con Pozuelo del Páramo al E; y con Alija del Infantado al S.

Historia
FIESTAS

Esta localidad leonesa cuenta con tres festividades repartidas a lo largo del año:

- Fiesta de la Octava de Corpus: ocho días después del día de Corpus.

-Fiesta del verano

-Fiesta en honor a San Martino: el 8 de noviembre.

Evolución demográfica

Localidades de El Páramo
Localidades de Pozuelo del Páramo

Altobar de la Encomienda


ألي مكبيل هو مسلسل تلفزيوني أمريكي تم عرضه على شبكة فوكس التلفزيونية من 1997 إلى 2002. ألف المسلسل ديفيد إ. كيلي والذي قام بعمل المنتج المنفذ مع بيل ديليا. قامت بدور البطولة في المسلسل كاليستا فلوكهارت حيث أدت شخصية محامية شابة تعمل في شركة محاماة فيش وشركاه مع محامون شبان آخرون حيث يعيشون لحظات الإثارة والسخرية والدراما. يركز المسلسل على عرض الحياة الشخصية والعاطفية لأبطال المسلسل الرئيسيين

القصة
ألي (كاليستا فلوكهارت) ابنة جورج مكبيل (جيمس نوغتون) وجيني مكبيل (غيل كلايبورغ). لديها أخت توفت في سن الخامسة. التحقت ألي بكلية هارفارد للقانون برفقة بيلي توماس (غيل بيلوز) صديقها منذ كانت تبلغ من العمر 8 سنوات. قرر بيلي ترك كلية هارفارد للقانون من أجل الالتحاق بكلية أخرى مما حطم قلب ألي. بعدما تخرجت من الجامعة توظفت في شركة للمحاماة في مدينة بوسطن وتسكن مع زميلتها في العمل رينيه راديك (ليسا نيكول كارسون). قررت ترك العمل في هذه الشركة بسبب مضايقة رئيسها لها وقرر الالتحاق بشركة فيش وشركائه حيث يملك هذه الشركة زميلها السابق في الكلية ريتشارد فيش (غريغ جيرمان). تتفاجأ ألي بأن صديق طفولتها بيلي يعمل في هذه الشركة ومتزوج من المحامية جورجيا توماس (كورتني ثورن سميث) التي تقرر لاحقا الانضمام إليهم في نفس الشركة. تقع ألي في حب من طرف واحد تجاه بيلي ولكنها تتعلم كيف تكبت مشاعرها وأن تعمل بإخلاص معه في جميع القضايا وكذلك استطاعت أن تصادق جورجيا وأن تصبحان صديقتان. خلال المسلسل تواعد ألي الكثير من الشبان ولكنها تنتهي سريعا لأن قلبها ما زال متعلقا ببيلي حتى التقت بالطبيب غريغ بوترز (جيس ل. مارتن). تخفي ألي علاقتها بغريغ حتى يضبطهما بيلي وهما يتبادلان القبلات مما جعله يشعر بالغيرة. بمرور الوقت تقرر ألي إنهاء علاقتها بغريغ بعدما انكشفت علاقتها. تبدأ ألي مجددا في التعرف على الشبان حتى التقت بالمحامي البريطاني بريان سيليغ (تيم دوتون) واستمرت علاقتها 6 أشهر وأنهتها ألي بسبب تأثرها بوفاة بيلي بمرض السرطان. بعد فترة من الوقت وقعت في حب زميلها المحامي لاري بول (روبرت دوني جونير). المشكلة التي بدأت تأرق ألي هي أن لاري ما زال على علاقة بزوجته السابقة وصديقته السابقة (فامك جانسن) وأم ابنه ولكن بمرور الأيام ظهرت دلائل تؤكد بأنه توأم روحها. يقرر لاري إنهاء علاقته بألي بسبب رغبته في مغادرة مدينة بوسطن والعيش بالقرب من ابنه. عندما كانت ألي في الكلية فقد كانت في حاجة للمال لإكمال دراستها لهذا قررت التبرع ببويضتها من أجل الأبحاث العلمية ولكنها تكتشف بعد مرور كل تلك السنوات بأن تلك البويضة تم استخدامها لتلقيح امرأة وبالتالي تم إنجاب طفلة حيث ظهرت أمام باب بيتها مدعية بأنها ابنتها وبمرور الحلقات فإن ألي تتأكد بأن هذه الطفلة هي ابنتها.

الشخصيات

أبرز ضيوف شرف الحلقات

جوائز المسلسل

روابط خارجية

مراجع

مسلسلات تلفزيونية عن محامون
برامج شبكة فوكس التلفزيونية
برامج تلفزيونية باللغة الإنجليزية
برامج تلفزيونية حائزة على جائزة بيبودي
تغير الحجم في الأعمال الخيالية
ذا براكتيس
عروض تلفزيونية تقع أحداثها في بوسطن
مسلسلات أمريكية انتهت في 2002
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية بدأ عرضها في 1997
مسلسلات تلفزيونية رومانسية درامية أمريكية
مسلسلات تلفزيونية رومانسية درامية في عقد 1990
مسلسلات تلفزيونية رومانسية درامية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية رومانسية كوميدية أمريكية في عقد 1990
مسلسلات تلفزيونية رومانسية كوميدية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية قانونية أمريكية في عقد 1990
مسلسلات تلفزيونية قانونية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية كوميدية درامية أمريكية في عقد 1990
مسلسلات تلفزيونية كوميدية درامية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية من إنتاج تلفزيون تونتيث سينتشوري فوكس

آلي مكبيل (مسلسل)


Etimologija imena
Ime Koffing iskrivljenje je engleske riječi coughing, što znači kašljanje.

Dogaasu je složenica od japanskih riječi 獰 dō = loše ili 毒 doku = otrov te engl. gas = plin.

Biološke karakteristike
Koffing je okrugao Pokemon ljubičaste boje pun otrovnih plinova. Ima tup pogled i širok osmijeh koji pokazuje dva šiljata zuba u ustima. Ispod usta je bijela oznaka mrtvačke glave i prekriženih kostiju. Svoje otrovne plinove ipušta kroz nekoliko ispupčenih otvora nalik gejzirima. Hrani se plinovima koje otpušta raspad smeća, te nečistim zrakom.

Nadahnuća za Koffingov dizajn su najvjerojatnije meteoriti ili pomorske mine, s obzirom na to da može eksplodirati. Koffing je utjelovljenje smoga i onečišćenja zraka općenito, a simbol mrtvačke glave ispod Koffingovih usta se koristi u stvarnom svijetu za označavanje opasnosti od otrovnih kemikalija

Pokédex podaci

 Pokémon Red i Blue: Zato što pohranjuje nekoliko vrsta otrovnih plinova u svome tijelu, sklon je eksplodirati bez upozorenja.
 Pokémon Yellow: Na vrućim mjestima, njegovi unutarnji plinovi bi se mogli proširiti i eksplodirati bez ikakvog upozorenja. Budite vrlo oprezni!
 Pokémon Gold:  Njegovo tanko, krhko tijelo sadrži plinove koji uzrokuju stalno šmrcanje, kašljanje i suzne oči.
 Pokémon Silver : Otrovni plinovi koje sadrži su nešto lakši od zraka, te ga drže malo iznad tla.
 Pokémon Crystal : Ako mu se tko približi dok izbacuje otrovni plin, kovitlajući plin unutar njega se može vidjeti.
 Pokémon Ruby/Sapphire : (Ruby) Ako Koffing postane uzrujan, podiže otrovnost svojih unutarnjih plinova, te ih zatim izbacuje posvuda iz svog tijela.Ovaj Pokemon može prenapuhati svoje okruglo tijelo, te zatim eksplodirati. (Sapphire): Koffing utjelovljuje otrovne tvari. Miješa toksine sa sirovim smećem kako bi pokrenuo kemijsku reakciju koja rezultira u užasno jakim Otrovnim plinom.
 Pokémon Emerald : Približavanje Koffingu će ti dati priliku promatrati kroz njegovu tanku kožu otrovne plinove koji kovitlaju unutra. Eksplodira i na najmanji podražaj.
 Pokémon FireRed : Njegovo tanko tijelo nalik balonu je napuhano užasno otrovnim plinovima. Jako smrdi kad je u blizini.
 Pokémon LeafGreen : Zato što pohranjuje nekoliko vrsta otrovnih plinova u svome tijelu, sklon je eksplodirati bez upozorenja.
 Pokémon Diamond/Pearl : Plinovi lakši od zraka u njegovom tijelu ga drže iznad tla. Plinovi ne samo što smrde, već su i eksplozivni.

U videoigrama
Koffing je prisutan u Pokemon vili na otoku Cinnabaru, u igrama Pokémon Blue, Pokémon Red, Pokémon FireRed, Pokémon LeafGreen. U igrama Pokémon Gold, Silver i Crystal prisutan je u Spaljenom tornju te sjedištu Tima Raketa. U igrama Pokémon Ruby, Sapphire i Emerald je dostupan na Vatrenom putu.

U animiranoj seriji
U Pokemon animiranoj seriji, Koffing je suputnik Jamesa iz Tima Raketa, te se prvi put pojavljuje u drugoj epzodi ( Pokemon hitan slučaj). Razvio se u Weezinga u 31. epizodi (Iskopajte te Diglette!). U epizodi Ulovljeni Ego! (A Poached Ego!) Jamesov Weezing i Jessiein Arbok bivaju ostavljeni da štite skupinu Koffinga i Ekansa od krivolovaca.

Tehnike

Statistike

Izvori

Otrovni Pokémoni

Koffing


Claus Kvist Hansen (født 24. september 1968) er en dansk politiker der var medlem af Folketinget for Dansk Folkeparti indtil juni 2019. Han meldte sig i efteråret 2020 ind i Socialdemokratiet.

Baggrund
Kvist Hansen er uddannet jurist fra Aarhus. Han er bosiddende i Stensballe i Horsens og med sin samleverske har han to børn.

Politisk karriere
Kvist Hansen har en politisk baggrund som tidligere medlem af Socialdemokraterne.
I 2007 meldte han sig ind i Dansk Folkeparti efter utilfredshed med Socialdemokraternes EU- og indvandringspolitik.

Kvist Hansen sidder i byrådet for Horsens Kommune.
Han blev valgt ved Folketingsvalget 2015 for Østjyllands Storkreds. Her fik han 1.564 personlige stemmer.

Ordfører for udviklingsbistand (2015) og for social dumping (2016).

Referencer

Tidligere folketingsmedlemmer fra Dansk Folkeparti
Folketingsmedlemmer i 2010'erne
Medlemmer af Horsens Byråd

Claus Kvist Hansen


نهر بيكاتونيكا Pecatonica River نهر في الولايات المتحدة، يبلغ طوله 193 كم ،هو رافد من روافد نهر روك ،يمتد في جنوب ولاية ويسكونسن وشمال ولاية إلينوي.

الاسم بيكاتونيكا يعني النهر الملتوي.

مراجع

أنهار أمريكا الشمالية
أنهار إلينوي
أنهار مقاطعة آيوا (ويسكونسن)
أنهار مقاطعة ستيفينسون (إلينوي)
أنهار مقاطعة لافاييت (ويسكونسن)
أنهار مقاطعة وينيباغو (إلينوي)
أنهار ويسكونسن
مسطحات مائية في مقاطعة آيوا (ويسكونسن)
مسطحات مائية في مقاطعة ستيفينسون (إلينوي)
مسطحات مائية في مقاطعة لافاييت (ويسكونسن)
مسطحات مائية في مقاطعة وينيباغو (إلينوي)

نهر بيكاتونيكا


Das  Beinhaus zu Murten war ein 1485 in Merlach westlich von Murten errichtetes Ossuarium für die Gebeine der am 22. Juni 1476 in der Schlacht bei Murten gefallenen Soldaten und Verbündeten Herzog Karls des Kühnen. Es wurde 1798 abgerissen.

Geschichte
Nach dem für Burgund fatalen Ausgang der Schlacht bei Murten am 22. Juni 1476 wurde das Schlachtfeld mit etwa 10'000 gefallenen Burgundern und deren Verbündeten nach altem Herkommen für drei Tage von den Siegern unter Wilhelm Herter von Hertneck behauptet. Danach zwang man die Landeigentümer, die Toten zunächst an Ort und Stelle, danach in zwei Gruben zu bestatten. Etwa zehn Jahre nach der Schlacht wurden die Gebeine und Schädel exhumiert und in das eigens errichtete Beinhaus gebracht, das bis zur Decke gefüllt wurde. Die Initiative zur Errichtung des Beinhauses geschah auf Veranlassung des Priors der Katharinenkapelle zu Murten, Peter von Erlach. Das Beinhaus wurde bis zu seinem Abriss immer wieder auf Staatskosten renoviert. 1506 wurde es auf der Aussenseite mit Inschriften zu dem Ereignis der Schlacht versehen. Die Inschriften aus dem 16. Jahrhundert auf zwei Tafeln aus Stein und Erz wurden 1755 bei einer Renovierung des Beinhauses in das Rathaus von Murten gebracht und durch zwei Tafeln mit dem Zeitgeist folgenden Texten ersetzt, verfasst von Albrecht von Haller.

Am 3. März 1798 wurde das Beinhaus beim Durchmarsch französischer Truppen mit Billigung des französischen Oberkommandos von den aus Burgund stammenden Musikern der 75. Halbbrigade mit Unterstützung des mit Frankreich kollaborierenden waadtländischen Evakuations-Kommissars Junot geschleift. Zunächst hatte man vergeblich versucht, das Gebäude in Brand zu stecken und mit 30 bis 40 Pfund Schwarzpulver zu sprengen. Die Gebeine wurden in der Erde bestattet. Über den Grundmauern errichtete man einen Freiheitsbaum. Mit der Aktion wollte man die vermeintlich Frankreich angetane Schmach tilgen.

Der Freiheitsbaum wich einer Linde, die ihrerseits 1822 im Auftrag der Freiburger Kantonsregierung durch einen Obelisk ersetzt wurde.

Baugeschichte
Der erste Bau um 1486 bestand aus zwei Räumen, einer Kapelle und dem Aufbewahrungsraum der Gebeine. 1506 wurde ein Neubau mit Geldern der Berner und Freiburger Regierung begonnen, in den ebenfalls eine Kapelle integriert wurde. Mit der Reformation endete die Nutzung der Kapelle. 1560 wurde das Gebäude erhöht und mit einem neuen Dach und äusserlichen Verzierungen versehen. 1755 wurden im Rahmen der Straßenarbeiten zwischen Murten und Pfauen das Dach und die Vorderseite unter Anbringung der Hallerschen Tafeln erneuert.

Das Beinhaus zu Murten als frühes touristisches Ziel

Bis zu seinem Abriss erlangte das Beinhaus die Funktion einer nationalen Gedenkstätte und war ein wichtiges touristisches Ziel. Legenden, wie die vom schweizerhassenden Ritter Dürrenast, der nachts im  Beinhaus spuken und toben sollte, wurden reportiert. Giacomo Casanova berichtet im achten Kapitel des sechsten Buches seiner Lebenserinnerungen ("Histoire de ma vie") über die Besichtigung des Beinhauses. Goethe besuchte 1779 das Beinhaus, über dessen Besuch er Frau von Stein brieflich berichtete: Wir kamen tüchtig im Regen nach Murten ritten aufs Beinhaus und ich nahm ein Stükgen Hinterschädel von den Burgundern mit. Christoph Reimers schrieb 1788: Hier fanden wir viel mehr Inschriften an den Wänden, als weniger Gebeine und Schädel, als im Jahre 1782. Goethe verarbeitete 1826 die Eindrücke in einem Gedicht: «Im ernsten Beinhaus war's wo ich beschaute». Einer der letzten prominenten Besucher war Napoleon, der das Beinhaus 1797 auf dem Weg zum Rastatter Kongress besichtigte.

Die Inschriften
An der Fassade des Beinhauses waren Tafeln mit Inschriften angebracht. Die älteste Version aus Stein stammt von 1504–6 und wurde 1723 erneuert. Eine identische Zweitinschrift wurde im Jahr 1564 in Bronze angefertigt.

Anlässlich der Erneuerungsarbeiten 1755 fragte die Berner Regierung bei Albrecht von Haller an, ob die alten Inschriften renoviert oder neugestaltet werden sollten. Haller verwarf in seinem Antwortschreiben vom 29. Oktober 1755 an den Berner Schultheissen von Diesbachden den alten Text und legte zwei von ihm neu verfasste Texte auf Latein mit Angaben zum Beinhaus sowie das untenstehende Gedicht auf Deutsch vor. Die Texte wurden von der Regierung angenommen und durch den Berner Bildhauer Johann Friedrich Funk I. auf zwei Tafeln aus schwarzem Marmor an der Aussenfassade des Beinhauses angebracht.

Der Evakuationskommissar Junot ließ 1797 die Bronzeplatte von 1564 nach Paris verbringen, wo sie heute in der Bibliothèque nationale de France aufbewahrt wird. Die steinernen Tafeln werden im Stadtmuseum von Murten aufbewahrt.

Die 1723 erneuerte Inschrift (1504)
D. O. M. Caroli inclyti, et fortissimi Burgundiae ducis exercitus Muratum obsidens, ab Helvetiis caesus, hoc sui monumentum reliquit anno 1476

Albrecht von Haller (1755)
Steh, still, Helvetier! / hier ligt das kühne Heer, Vor welchem Lütich fiel, u. Frankreichs Thron erbebte. / Nicht unsrer Ahnen Zahl, nicht künstlichers Gewehr, Die Eintracht schlug den Feind, die ihren Arm belebte. / Lernt, Brüder, eüre Macht, sie ligt in eürer Treü, O würde sie noch izt, bei jedem Leser neü!

Auf dem Obelisk (1822)

Victoriam / XXII Jun. MCCCCLXXVI / Patrum Concordia / Partam / Novo signat Lapide / Respublica Friburg. / MDCCCXXII

Literatur
 Heinrich Runge: Die Schweiz in Original-Ansichten mit historisch-topographischem Text. Band 3, Gustav Georg Lange, Darmstadt 1866, S. 166f.
 Richard Merz: Vom Beinhaus zu Murten. In: Freiburger Geschichtsblätter. Band 30, 1929, S. 171–181 .
 Theodor de Quervain: Wie Albrecht Hallers Inschrift am Beinhaus in Murten entstanden ist. In: Berner Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Heimatkunde. Heft 3, 1950 .

Weblinks

 http://www.jcbrunner.info/hist/1476_morat_ossuary.html

Einzelnachweise

Geschichte (Kanton Freiburg)
Murten
Erbaut im 15. Jahrhundert
Abgegangenes Bauwerk in der Schweiz
Murten
Kriegerdenkmal in der Schweiz
Grabbau in Europa
Sakralbau im Kanton Freiburg

Beinhaus zu Murten


قلعة رَبَاح (سميت نسبة إلى رباح، الأمير الذي حكمها في القرن الثامن الميلادي) مدينة أندلسية قديمة، تقع بين طليطلة وقرطبة.

مراجع

أماكن ذات اسم عربي الأصل في شبه الجزيرة الإيبيرية
أماكن مأهولة سابقا في إسبانيا
ثيوداد ريال (مقاطعة)
سقوط الأندلس
قلاع في قشتالة-لا مانتشا
مدن الأندلس
مواقع أثرية في إسبانيا
مواقع أثرية في قشتالة والمنشف

قلعة رباح (الأندلس)


Zarpen, Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaleti Stormarn iline bağlı bölge. 11,69 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu 31 Aralık 2015 itibarıyla 1.434 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Nüfus yoğunluğu ise 123 seviyesindedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi site

Stormarn iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Zarpen


Río de Quintas es un pueblo situado al SE de la parroquia de Elviña, en el concejo de La Coruña. Esta en los límites del concejo de Culleredo. Puebla 486 habitantes

Naturaleza
Esta a orillas de la ría de O Burgo.

Sale tres rutas desde el pueblo.

Una sale recorriendo el paseo fluvial de la Ría de O Burgo, pero que en verdad se dirige hacia la cima del monte Xalo. Es una difícil ruta de Mountain Bike

Otra también de Mountain Bike rodea la ciudad de la Coruña. El camimo suele ser muy llano debido a la abundancia de caminos y carriles bicis, pero a pesar de eso, hay zonas de bajada y fuertes pendientes.

Es una de las etapas del Camino de Santiago Inglés

Economía y Servicios
La economía se basa en la hostelería. Hay bares, un pequeño polideportivo, un taller de reparaciones y una discoteca.

Referencias

Localidades de La Coruña
riodequintas

Río de Quintas


نادي مارغيت لكرة القدم  نادي كرة قدم إنجليزي يلعب في دوري الدرجة السابعة . تم تأسيس النادي في سنة 1896 .

مراجع

أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1896
م
أندية كرة قدم في كنت
الرابطة البرلمانية
تأسيسات سنة 1896 في إنجلترا
مارغيت
دوري كينت لكرة القدم (1894–1959)

نادي مارغيت


Skovalleen  er en tosporet  indfaldsvej der går fra Nykøbing Falster N til Nykøbing Falster C.

Vejen er en del af europavej E55, der går mellem Helsingør og Gedser, og primærrute 9 mellem Odense og Nykøbing Falster. Den er med til at lede trafikken der skal ind mod og uden om Nykøbing Falster Omfartsvej, så byen ikke bliver belastet af for meget trafik. Vejen forbinder Gaabensevej i nord med Brovejen i syd, og har forbindelse til Gaabensevej, Nykøbing Falster Omfartsvej, Stubbekøbingvej og Vesterskovvej.

Kilder

Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Nykøbing Falster
Indfaldsveje i Danmark
Transport i Nykøbing Falster

Skovalleen (Nykøbing Falster)