Jacques Allaire, né  à Malakoff et mort le  à Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire, est un colonel français, membre de la Résistance durant la seconde guerre mondiale. Il s'est illustré lors de la bataille de Diên Biên Phu où il fut un des grands lieutenants de Bigeard.

Biographie
Né le , il est élevé par son oncle dans le souvenir de son grand-père mort asphyxié par les gaz allemands en 1915, il rêve d'intégrer l'armée mais une jambe bancale conséquence d'une poliomyélite contractée durant son enfance l'empêche de réaliser son rêve. Il devient alors libraire.

En 1944, à vingt ans, il intègre le Maquis dans la Sarthe et participe au sein des FFI à la libération du Mans. Fin 1945, il intègre la prestigieuse  blindée, celle du général Leclerc, malgré son handicap en trichant lors de la visite d'aptitude médicale. Devenu caporal, il se retrouve très vite avec son unité à Saïgon. Il découvre l'Indochine dont il tombe amoureux et épouse une infirmière du corps expéditionnaire. Son handicap l'interdit en première ligne combattante, et le cantonne dans un régiment de transmissions. Atteint d'une forte dysenterie, il est rapatrié en métropole . Une fois rétabli, il trafique son dossier médical pour pouvoir s'engager dans les troupes parachutistes. Il retourne alors une seconde fois en Indochine avec le grade de sous-lieutenant de réserve et se distingue par son ardeur au combat. Après un bref retour en France, il se retrouve dans le Tonkin, sous le commandement de Bigeard.

Il saute deux fois avec son bataillon de parachutistes coloniaux à Diên Biên Phu. La première fois, le  pour s'emparer de la vallée stratégique aux confins du Laos, puis la seconde fois le , trois jours après le début de la bataille de Diên Biên Phu, alors que les forces françaises sont très mal engagées. En pleine bataille, il est promu lieutenant et organise la riposte à l'aide de mortiers lourds. Après la bataille, il est captif chez le Việt Minh et n'est libéré qu'en . Il se porte ensuite volontaire en Algérie et sert dans le  Régiment parachutiste d'infanterie de marine.  Il doit quitter en 1961 le théâtre algérien après la tentative de putsch. Écarté des troupes aéroportées, il est versé, sur sa demande, dans l'aviation légère de l'armée de terre. Il est ensuite nommé chef d'état-major des unités parachutistes du  régiment interarmes d'Outre-Mer à Dakar. Il termine sa carrière militaire au Bénin comme conseiller du Président de la République et du ministre de la Défense puis quitte l'armée en 1974.

Retraité, installé à Tours, il témoigne régulièrement de son expérience en Indochine et en Algérie. Il se consacre pendant une quarantaine d'années à l'étude de la péninsule indochinoise, donnant régulièrement des conférences sur ce sujet. Il est le conseiller militaire lors du tournage du film Diên Biên Phu de Pierre Schoendoerffer. Il retourne une dernière fois sur le célèbre site de la bataille en 2018, lorsqu'il accompagne le Premier ministre Édouard Philippe en visite officielle au Viêt Nam.

Il décède le  à Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire. Ses funérailles sont célébrées le  dans la cathédrale Saint-Louis des Invalides en présence d'Édouard Philippe.

Décorations

   (cinq citations)
   (deux citations)

   avec agrafe "Extrême-Orient"

   Chevalier de l'Ordre du Mérite civil Taï

Notes et références

Liens externes

Résistant français
Colonel français
Grand officier de la Légion d'honneur
Titulaire de la croix de guerre des Théâtres d'opérations extérieurs
Naissance en mars 1924
Naissance à Malakoff (Hauts-de-Seine)
Naissance dans le département de la Seine
Décès en avril 2022
Décès à 98 ans
Décès à Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire
Personnalité inhumée en Loir-et-Cher
Militaire français de la guerre d'Indochine
Militaire français de la guerre d'Algérie
Militaire français de la colonisation française de l'Afrique

Jacques Allaire


Esta é uma lista de indivíduos que foram, em dado período de tempo, considerados os herdeiros do trono do Reino da Grécia (1832–1924; 1935–1973), em caso de abdicação ou morte do monarca incumbente. Os herdeiros (presuntivos ou aparentes) que, de fato, sucederam ao monarca grego são representados em negrito.

A lista inclui nobres a partir de 1832, quando a Grécia implantou o regime monárquico após uma complexa guerra de independência. Na ocasião, após uma série de acordos diplomáticos com outras nações europeias, Otão de Wittelsbach, Príncipe da Bavária foi coroado como Rei dos Helenos. Em 1844, herdeiros católicos romanos e protestantes foram excluídos da linha de sucessão helênica e, em 1867, Otão I foi deposto pela Assembleia Nacional Grega e substituído por Jorge I, da Casa de Glücksburg.

Nobres da Casa de Glücksburg assumiram sucessivamente o trono helênico até 1924, quando a monarquia foi abolida e o monarca de então expulso do país. Pouco mais de uma década depois, em 1936, o governo monárquico foi restaurado e permaneceu vigente até a instauração de um governo republicano parlamentarista em 1973. Paulo, Príncipe Herdeiro da Grécia (nascido em 1967) foi o último herdeiro aparente ao trono grego, filho varão mais velho de Constantino II e Ana Maria.

Herdeiros ao trono grego

grego
Política da Grécia

Lista de herdeiros do trono grego


Okçu (savaşçı) - Orta Çağda ok ve yay kullanan savaşçı
 Okçu, Göle - Ardahan ili Göle ilçesine bağlı köy
 Okçu, Beylikova - Eskişehir ili Beylikova ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Okçu, Giresun - Giresun ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Okçu, Akçakent - Kırşehir ili Akçakent ilçesine bağlı köy
 Okçu, Kütahya - Kütahya ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Okçu, Bor - Niğde ili Bor ilçesine bağlı köy
 Okçu, İdil - Şırnak ili İdil ilçesine bağlı köy

Okçu (anlam ayrımı)


A Escola Municipal Benvinda de França Messias é uma instituição educacional municipal de ensino Infantil e fundamental que possui arquitetura modernista, localizado na cidade brasileira de Belém (estado do Pará). Tombado como patrimônio hisótico-cultural em nível municipal. Sendo a primeira na rede municipal a contar com energia fotovoltaica.

História
A escola Benvinda de França Messias, administrado pela Prefeitura Municipal de Belém, possui traços modernistas que ajudam à contar a história do bairro de São Brás na capital paraense. Sendo assim, tombado como patrimônio cultural da cidade (via Lei 7 709 de 1994) pela Fundação Cultural do Município de Belém (Fumbel).

Sua construção é datada de 1951 (via Lei 2 081, de 23 de fevereiro de 1954) inicialmente chamada de Escola Municipal República dos Estados Unidos. Em 1966 mudou seu nome foi modificado em homenagem a uma mestra devotada ao exercício do Magistério,  a professora Benvinda de França Messias (natural do município paraense de Vigia de Nazaré) que prestou serviços importantes no aspecto educacional no Estado do Pará.

Escola Inteligente
Esta é considerada a primeira escola da rede municipal de ensino a ter o sistema de energia fotovoltaica. Durante uma reforma em 2023, foram instaladas 120 placas de energia sustentável em todo o prédio. A previsão da Prefeitura Municipal de Belém, através da Secretaria Municipal de Educação (Semec), é de que até o final da gestão atual mais sesenta unidades educaconais sejam contempladas totalmente com a energia solar renovável e internet. seguindo o projeto da Escola Inteligente, Belém Inteligente.

Segundo o IDEB esta escola faz parte do grupo "escolas de qualidade" junto com as seguintes escolas: Ernestina Rodrigues, Amância Pantoja, Theodor Badotti, Antonio Carvalho Brasil e República de Portugal.

Belém (Pará)


Fondo de Cultura Económica (FCE sau simplu "Fondo") este un grup editorial non-profit de limba spaniolă, finanțat parțial de guvernul mexican. El are sediul central în Mexic și sucursale în întreaga lume vorbitoare de limba spaniolă.

Privire generală
Editura a fost fondată în 1934 de către Daniel Cosío Villegas și Eduardo Villaseñor cu scopul inițial de a oferi studenților în științe economice de la Escuela Nacional de Economía cărți de specialitate în limba spaniolă. În curând, și-a extins aria de interes, incluzând alte discipline: științe umaniste, literatură (mai ales opere scrise în limba spaniolă), știință popularizată, cărți pentru copii și literatură pentru tineret.

În Mexic FCE are un lanț de 27 de librării în orașe precum Aguascalientes, Apatzingán, Ciudad de México, Nezahualcóyotl, Colima, Durango, Guadalajara, León, Monterrey, Morelia, Saltillo și Tuxtla Gutiérrez. În 2016 FCE a deschis librării în Villahermosa și Toluca.

Fondo de Cultura Económica deține 8 sucursale internaționale în Argentina (1945), Chile (1954), Spania (1963), Venezuela (1974), Columbia (1975), Peru (1975), Statele Unite ale Americii (1990) și Brazilia (1991), care se adresează populației vorbitoare de limba spaniolă din America de Nord, Centrală și de Sud și din Caraibe.

În plus, FCE are reprezentanțe în Bolivia, Canada, Ecuador, Honduras, Puerto Rico și Republica Dominicană, precum și companii de distribuție partenere în Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama și Uruguay.

Editura publică trei periodice: El Trimestre Económico, înființat cu câteva luni înainte de fondarea FCE; La Gaceta, fondat în 1954, și Diánoia (publicat în comun de către FCE și Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas de la UNAM), care apare din 1955.

În 1989 FCE a fost distins cu Premiul Prințul Asturiei în categoria Comunicare și Științe Umaniste, ca o recunoaștere a activității sale în țările vorbitoare de limba spaniolă. În 1987 La Gaceta a obținut Premio Nacional de Periodismo (Premiul național pentru jurnalism) al Mexicului.

Istoric
Fondo de Cultura Económica are o istorie veche de peste 80 de ani, în cursul căreia s-a evidențiat ca un participant de frunte în sistemul de învățământ superior și în mișcările culturale și literare din Mexic și America Latină. Printre cei care au influențat istoria FCE se disting autori, cum ar fi Alfonso Reyes, Juan Rulfo, Juan José Arreola, Octavio Paz, Carlos Fuentes, Jorge Luis Borges, Carlos Pellicer, Raimundo Lida, José Gorostiza, Alí Chumacero, Salvador Elizondo, Ramón Xirau, Juan Goytisolo, Camilo José Cela, Luis Rosales, María Zambrano, Miguel Delibes, Ricardo Piglia, Gonzalo Rojas, Mario Vargas Llosa, Juan Gelman, Nicanor Parra, Alvaro Mutis, Alejo Carpentier, Sergio Pitol, Elena Garro, Rosario Castellanos, Elena Poniatowska și Fernando del Paso.

Directori

Note

Bibliografie
 Aboites, Luis; Loyo, Engracia (2010). "La construcción del nuevo Estado, 1920-1945". In Erik Velásquez García et al. Nueva historia general de México. Mexico: El Colegio de México. pp. 595–652.
 Ángel Mobarak, Gustavo de, and Graciela Márquez (eds.), Respuestas propias. 80 años de El Trimestre, Mexico: FCE, 2014,
 Díaz Arciniega, Víctor, Historia de la casa. Fondo de Cultura Económica (1934-1994), Mexico: FCE, 1994.
 Pacheco, Cristina, En el primer medio siglo del Fondo de Cultura Económica. Testimonios y conversaciones, Mexico: FCE, 1984.
 Various authors, Fondo de Cultura Económica. Memoria editorial 1990-2000, Mexico: FCE, 2000.
 Various authors, Catálogo histórico 1934-2009, Mexico: FCE, 2009.
 Garone Gravier, Marina, Historia en cubierta. El Fondo de Cultura Económica a través de sus portadas (1934-2009), Mexico: FCE, 2011.

Legături externe
  Fondo de Cultura Económica
  FCE USA
  FCE Argentina
  FCE Chile
  FCE Colombia
  FCE Spain
  FCE Guatemala and Central America
  FCE Peru
 La Gaceta del Fondo de Cultura Económica
 Biblioteca Gonzalo Robles del FCE
  FCE's Libraries
  FCE's Press office

Edituri din Mexic

Fondo de Cultura Económica


Anthony Gustav de Rothschild (London, 26. lipnja 1887. – London, 5. veljače 1961.), britanski bankar iz britanskog ogranka Rothschildovih, bogate bankarske obitelji židovskog porijekla.

Rodio se kao najmlađi od trojice sinova u obitelji Leopolda de Rothschilda (1845. – 1917.) and Marie Perugia (1862. – 1937.). Studirao je povijest na koledžu Trinity u Cambridgeu, nakon čega se pridružio radu obiteljske banke N M Rothschild & Sons Ltd. Godine 1915. pridružio se snagama britanske vojske tijekom Prvog svjetskog rata (1914. – 1918.), zajedno s bratom Evelynom Achilleom, dok je najstariji brat Lionel Nathan ostao u vojnoj rezervi kod kuće i brinuo se za poslovanje obiteeljske banke. Bio je ranjen na Galipolje, ali je preživio, dok je njegov brat Evelyn Achille također bio ranjen u Palestini 1917. godine, ali je nakon kraćeg vremena umro od zadobivenih ozljeda.

Bio je partnet u obiteljskoj banci od 1917. do 1961. godine. Za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata (1939. – 1945.) Anthony osobno i obiteljska banka pomagali su židovske izbjeglice u Europi i brojne anglo-židovske organizacije. Godine 1918. postao je dugogodišnji predsjednik Židovske bolnice Dječjeg sirotišta te Slobodne židovske škole. Godine 1933. bio je osnivač Središnjeg britanskog fonda za pomoć i rehabilitaciju Židova,  na čelu kojeg je ostao do 1957. godine.

Privatni život

Dana 10. lipnja 1926. godine oženio je Yvonne Cahen d'Anvers (1899. – 1977.), s kojom je imao troje djece:
 Renée Louise Marie (1927. – 2015.)
 Anne Sonja (1930. – 1971.)
 Evelyn Robert Adrian (r. 1931.)

Bio je zagriženi jahač konja, a bavio se i sakupljanjem kineskog porculana i uzgajanjem trkaćih konja za sportska natjecanja.

Bilješke

Vanjske poveznice

 Anthony Gustav (Tony) de Rothschild (1887. – 1961.) - family.rothschildarchive.org

Bankari iz obitelji Rothschild (Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo)

Anthony Gustav de Rothschild


Khouya es una película del año 2010.

Sinopsis
En el anonimato de un hogar argelino corriente, Yamina, Nabila e Imen aguantan las palizas que habitualmente les inflige su hermano Tarek. La madre, testigo de la violenta conducta del hermano, no hace nada para poner fin al drama que viven sus hijas. Khouya es la historia de un drama que transcurre tras una puerta cerrada y que no tardará en convertirse en tragedia. Después de Khti (Mi hermana), Khouya es la segunda entrega de la trilogía "Argelinas" de Yanis Koussim.

Premios
 Locarno 2010
 Amiens 2010

Referencias

Khouya


El Faro Monumental Chañaral o Faro del Milenio  es un faro ubicado en Chañaral, Chile. Fue construido en 2000 para conmemorar el cambio de milenio. Está ubicado en un roquerío en las inmediaciones de la gruta Lourdes.

Características

Es un faro ornamental que se encuentra en el plan turístico regional de la Municipalidad de Chañaral y Sernatur, no forma parte de la jurisdicción del Centro Zonal de Iquique. Como características a destacar se encuentran la construcción sobre una torre de alta tensión y la existencia en su primer nivel cuenta con una sala de exposiciones.

También desde lo alto se puede observar la ciudad de Chañaral y el paisaje natural que lo circunda.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Monumental Chanzzaral
Chañaral
Infraestructuras de Chile del siglo XXI
Arquitectura de 2000
Chile en 2000

Faro Monumental de Chañaral


Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1937.

Excavations
 Uaxactun project by Carnegie Institution led by Oliver Ricketson ends.
 Excavations at Vergina conducted by University of Thessaloniki.
 Major excavations begin at Avebury by Alexander Keiller (continue until 1939).
 Excavations at Alalakh, Turkey, conducted by Leonard Woolley, begin (continue until 1949, interrupted by World War II).
 Excavations at Nagar, Syria, conducted by Max Mallowan, begin (continue until 1938).
 Chinese excavations at Peking Man Site in Zhoukoudian, begun in 1927 by Davidson Black, and Yinxu, begun in 1928 by Li Chi, come to an end with the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
 Excavations begin at the neolithic site of Hyrax Hill, Kenya, by Mary Leakey (continues until 1938).
 Major excavations begin at the Hohlenstein-Stadel cave in Germany, conducted by Robert Wetzel and Otto Völzing (continue until August 1939).
 Recording of standing medieval buildings by William A. Pantin and excavations beneath site and stratigraphy of medieval pottery by Rupert Bruce-Mitford on construction site for New Bodleian Library in Oxford, one of the earliest instances of rescue archaeology in England.
 Excavation of 'Caesar's Camp' Iron Age hillfort on Wimbledon Common in London.
 Expedition to the Nuuk district of Greenland by a Polish team led by Aage Roussell.

Finds
 Ferriby Boat 1 found by Ted Wright. Wright finds two other boats, in 1940 and 1963, the latter of which is later discovered to be the oldest Bronze Age boat in Western Europe.
 Earliest known papyrus scroll found in tomb of Hemaka at Saqqara in Egypt.
 A large garlanded sarcophagus is found in the necropolis near Konuralp in Turkey.

Publications
 Dorothy Garrod - The Stone Age of Mount Carmel: excavations at the Wady el-Mughara.
 Stuart Piggott - "The early Bronze Age in Wessex".

Events
 Institute of Archaeology established within the University of London by Mortimer Wheeler and Tessa Verney Wheeler.
 Lion of Amphipolis re-erected in Greece.
 Obelisk of Axum moved from Ethiopia to Rome. It is returned to Ethiopia in 2005.
 A Civilian Conservation Corps of Navajo stonemasons repairs Chacoan buildings in Chaco Canyon. A previous group has built soil conservation devices, planted trees and improved roads and trails.

Births
 June 18 - Bruce Trigger, Canadian archaeologist and McGill University professor (died 2006)
July 25 - Colin Renfrew, British archaeologist
 November 3 - Andrea Carandini, Italian archaeology professor

Deaths
 July 17 - Percy Gardner, English classical archaeologist (born 1846)

References

Archaeology
Archaeology by year

1937 in archaeology


Holoponerus godeffroyi, es una  especie de coleóptero adéfago perteneciente a la familia Carabidae y el único miembro del género monotípico Physocrotaphus.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Physocrotaphus en ION
 Nomenclator Zoologicus
 Carabidae of the World

Physocrotaphini

Physocrotaphus


Formula 1 – sezona 1960. bila je 11. sezona u prvenstvu Formule 1.

Sažetak sezone

Australac Jack Brabham osvojio je svoj drugi naslov u Formuli 1, pobijedivši na pet uzastopnih utrka (Zandvoort, Spa-Francorshamps, Reims, Silverstone, Boavista). Cooper-Climax je drugu godinu za redom osvojio konstruktorski naslov, ispred Lotus-Climaxa i Ferrarija. Brabhamov momčadski kolega Bruce McLaren pobijedio je na prvoj utrci na Velikoj nagradi Argentine.

Momčad Rob Walker Racing Team koristila je na prvoj utrci Cooperov T51 bolid, da bi se nakon nakon toga ostatak sezone prebacila na Lotusov 18 bolid. Upravo je Britanac Stirling Moss na Velikoj nagradi Monaka donio prvu konstruktorsku pobjedu Lotusu. Moss je još pobijedio na
posljednjoj utrci na Riversideu na Velikoj nagradi SAD-a, nakon što je tri utrke izbivao s natjecanja. Razlog tome bila je teška ozljeda na Velikoj nagradi Belgije. Na toj utrci Moss je izletio i teško razbio bolid u desnom zavoju Burnenville nakon što mu je pukao stražnji desni ovjes. Na istoj stazi, Mike Taylor imao je kvar na upravljačkom mehanizmu i zabio se u drveće pokraj staze bluzu zavoja Stavelot. Taylor je preživio, ali mu je ta nesreća zapečatila karijeru. Prava katastrofa dogodila se u utrci, kada su u razmaku od samo pet krugova, poginuli Chris Bristow i Alan Stacey.

Ferrari nije imao dobru sezonu. Njihov bolid Dino 246 s motorom smještenim ispred vozača, zaostajao je za bolidima koji su imali motor smješten iza vozača. Jedinu pobjedu ostvario je Amerikanac Phil Hill na Monzi na Velikoj nagradi Italije. Organizatori na Monzi odlučili su da će se utrka održati na ovalnom dijelu staze. Britanske momčadi Cooper, Lotus i BRM procijenili su da je ovalna staza opasna za njihove bolide s motorom smještenim iza vozača, te su bojkotirali utrku. Utrka u Monzi posljednja je utrka u Formuli 1 u kojoj je pobijedio bolid s motorom smještenim ispred vozača, a bila je to i posljednja utrka do VN Monaka 1994. gdje na gridu nije bilo aktualnih svjetskih prvaka. Enzo Ferrari je odlučio da neće putovati na daleki put u SAD na posljednju utrku sezone, nego će se koncentrirati na konstruiranje bolida za sljedeću sezonu. Tako Ferrarija nije bilo na utrci na Riversideu, a njegovi vozači su u privatnom angažmanu vozili Cooperove bolide.

Amerikanac Harry Schell poginuo je na testiranju na Sliverstoneu. Utrka 500 milja Indianapolisa pripala je Jimu Rathmannu. Na toj utrci dva gledatelja su poginula, a još 82 ih je bilo ozlijeđeno kada se srušila ručno izrađena dodatna tribina za gledatelje visoka nešto više od devet metara. Bilo je ovo posljednji put da se utrka Indianapolis 500 bodovala za svjetsko prvenstvo Formule 1.

Ovo je bila prva sezona u Formuli 1 za buduće svjetske prvake, Engleza Johna Surtessa i Škota Jima Clarka.

Vozači i konstruktori
Popis ne uključuje američke vozače koji su se natjecali na 500 milja Indianapolisa.

Kalendar

Sistem bodovanja

 Samo 6 najboljih rezultata u 10 utrka računali su se za prvenstvo vozača.
 Samo 6 najboljih rezultata u 10 utrka računali su se za prvenstvo konstruktora.
 Ako je više bolida jednog konstruktora završilo utrku u bodovima, samo najbolje plasirani bolid osvajao je konstruktorske bodove.
 Američki konstruktori na utrci 500 milja Indianapolisa nisu mogli osvojiti bodove.

Rezultati utrka

 VN Argentine

Maurice Trintignant i Stirling Moss u Cooper-Climaxu su utrku završili  na 3. mjestu, ali nisu osvojili bodove jer su dijelili bolid.

 VN Monaka

 Indianapolis 500

 VN Nizozemske

 VN Belgije

 VN Francuske

 VN Velike Britanije

 VN Portugala

Stirling Moss u Lotus-Climaxu je utrku završio na 5. mjestu,  ali je nakon utrke bio diskvalificiran.

 VN Italije

 VN SAD-a

Poredak

Vozači

 Bruce McLaren je osvojio ukupno 37 bodova, ali samo 34 boda osvojenih u šest najboljih utrka su se računala za prvenstvo vozača.

Konstruktori

 Cooper-Climax je osvojio ukupno 58 bodova, ali samo 48 bodova osvojenih u šest najboljih utrka su se računala za prvenstvo konstruktora.
 Lotus-Climax je osvojio ukupno 37 bodova, ali samo 34 boda osvojenih u šest najboljih utrka su se računala za prvenstvo konstruktora.
 Ferrari je osvojio ukupno 27 bodova, ali samo 26 bodova osvojenih u šest najboljih utrka su se računala za prvenstvo konstruktora.

Statistike

Vodeći vozač i konstruktor u prvenstvu
U rubrici bodovi, prikazana je bodovna prednost vodećeg vozača / konstruktora ispred drugoplasiranog, dok je žutom bojom označena utrka na kojoj je vozač / konstruktor osvojio naslov prvaka.

Utrke koje se nisu bodovale za prvenstvo

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena stranica Formule 1
 Formula 1 1960. - StatsF1

 1960

Formula 1 – sezona 1960.


Olaylar

Doğumlar

Ölümler
 31 Ağustos - İoannis Skolastikos, aziz, patrik (d. y. 503)
 tarihi bilinmeyen
 Amine, İslam peygamberi Muhammed'in annesi

577


An Malleola sanguinicors in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni P.O'byrne ngan Jaap J. Vermeulen. An Malleola sanguinicors in nahilalakip ha genus nga Malleola, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Malleola

Malleola sanguinicors


Le prix Axel-Eggebrecht est une récompense décernée par la ville allemande de Leipzig tous les deux ans depuis 2006, pour la meilleure émission radiophonique. Le prix porte le nom Axel Eggebrecht en mémoire pour ce scénariste allemand et personnalité radiophonique.

Présentation
Le prix Axel Eggebrecht a été créé en 2006 par la Fondation des médias de la "Stadt und Kreissparkasse" de la ville de Leipzig. Ce prix porte le nom de l'écrivain et scénariste de longs métrages Axel Eggebrecht.

Ce prix du long métrage radiophonique vise à honorer l'œuvre d'auteurs qui « ont rendu des services exceptionnels au long métrage radiophonique ». Le prix Axel-Eggebrecht est doté de 10 000 euros et a été décerné tous les deux ans jusqu'en 2020, en alternance avec le prix Günter-Eich (qui récompense une œuvre théâtrale radiophonique). Depuis 2021, le prix Axel-Eggebrecht est décerné tous les deux ans en même temps que le prix Günter-Eich.

Liens externes
Le prix Axel-Eggebrecht

Récompense de radio
Prix culturel en Allemagne

Prix Axel-Eggebrecht


"Cervona ruta" (în ) este un popular cântec ucrainean compus în 1968 de Vladimir Ivasiuc și interpretat de mulți cântăreți. Cântecul nu a fost niciodată protejat oficial prin drepturi de autor și datorită marii sale popularități este considerat un cântec folcloric ucrainean. El este denumit după o floare mitologică, Cervona ruta, care, dacă este găsită de o tânără având culoarea roșie, înseamnă că-i va aduce fericire în dragoste.

Popularitatea cântecului a atins apogeul în versiunea interpretată de cântăreața ucraineană Sofia Rotaru. "Cervona ruta" este cunoscut în comunitățile ucrainene și în alte comunități etnice care au făcut parte mai demult din Uniunea Sovietică și este cântat la nunți, concursuri de karaoke și alte evenimente sociale.

Istoric

Versurile și melodia cântecului au fost compuse în 1968 de Vladimir Ivasiuc, care era atunci student la Institutul de Medicină din Cernăuți. Vladimir a găsit în biblioteca tatălui său o colecție de "colomeici" (autorul colecției era etnograful galițian Volodîmîr Hnatiuk), un cântec/dans popular tradițional din Pocuția și Prikarpattia.

Ivasiuc a fost încurcat de prezența expresiei "Cervona ruta" în unele colomeici. "Cervona ruta" înseamnă literalmente "virnanțul roșu", dar, cu toate acestea, florile virnanțului sunt galbene. Conform unei legende locale, virnanțul capătă pentru câteva minute culoarea roșie în Noaptea de Ivan Kupala. O fată care găsește acea floare va fi fericită în dragoste. Cervona ruta cu sensul de "plantă roșie" sau "floare roșie" este asociată, de asemenea, cu o plantă alpină atractivă cu proprietăți medicinale Rhododendron myrtifolium (smârdarul sau bujorul de munte), care crește în Munții Carpați din vestul Ucrainei.

Interpretări
Prima interpretare publică a piesei muzicale "Cervona ruta" (și debutul lui Vladimir Ivasiuc) a avut loc pe 13 septembrie 1970, la o emisiune de televiziune de la un teatru din Cernăuți, fiind cântată de autor, împreună cu Olena Kuznețova. În 1971 grupul pop ucrainean "Smericika" (în ) a interpretat cântecul "Cervona ruta", contribuind la creșterea popularității melodiei. Interpretat de Smericika, "Cervona ruta" a câștigat premiul "Cântecul anului" din URSS, la concursul Festivalului Cântecului de Televiziune din 1971 de la Moscova. A câștigat mai multe premii în alte țări din Europa de Est, unde a fost cântat de alte trupe.

În anul 1971 a fost realizat filmul Cervona ruta, care conținea mai multe cântece compuse de Ivasiuc, inclusiv piesa "Cervona ruta", cântată de Sofia Rotaru și Vasil Zinkevici.

În 1972 cântecul a fost inclus de cântărețul ceh Pavel Liška pe albumul său Písničky Pro Každý Den sub titlul "Až mi dáš znamení". Traducerea versurilor în limba cehă a fost realizată de Ronald Kraus.

"Cervona ruta" a fost cântecul de debut al Ruslanei (care a câștigat mai târziu concursul muzical Eurovision din 2004), pe care l-a cântat în 1996 la Bazarul Slav din Vitebsk. Pentru interpretarea ei a câștigat primul loc cu punctajul maxim (10) de la toți membrii juriului și a fost felicitată de președintele Belarusului.

Cântecul a fost interpretat, de asemenea, de Sofia Rotaru împreună cu formația ucraineană "Tanok na Maidani Kongo" și a fost filmat pentru filmul muzical Kingdom of Skewed Mirroor, produs în 2008 de TV "Rossia".

Cântăreața ucraineană Anna Sedokova (originară din Kiev) a adăugat o traducere engleză atunci când a interpretat cântecul, dar până în prezent singura traducere/adaptare completă în limba engleză, care a fost înregistrată, a fost realizată de muzicianul de origine ucraineană și irlandeză Stepan Pasicznyk.

"Cervona ruta" este unul dintre cele mai populare cântece ucrainene și a fost interpretat de mulți cântăreți, printre care:

 Vladimir Ivasiuc, Vasil Zinkevici, Nazari Iaremciuk
 Sofia Rotaru
 Nazari Iaremciuk
 Vasil Zinkevici
 Iaroslav Evdokimov
 Stepan Pasicznyk (traducere engleză)
 Ruslana

Note

Vezi și
 Cervona ruta (film)
 Cervona ruta (festival)
 Vladimir Ivasiuc

Legături externe
  History (Ukrainian, Russian) of the song on a website in memory of Volodymyr Ivasyuk
  Clip from Radio Svoboda "45 years Chervona Ruta"
  Short video about 45 years "Chervona Ruta"

Cântece din 1968

Cervona ruta (cântec)


The Delinquents este un film dramatic american din 1957 regizat de Robert Altman. Rolurile principale sunt interpretate de actorii Tom Laughlin.

Distribuție
 Tom Laughlin ca Scotty White
 Peter Miller ca Bill Cholly
 Richard Bakalyan ca Eddy
 Rosemary Howard ca Jancie Wilson
 Leonard Belove și Helen Hawley ca dl și dna White
 James Lantz și Lotus Corelli ca dl și dna White

Note

Legături externe

Filme din 1957
Filme în limba engleză
Filme americane
Filme dramatice americane
Filme dramatice
Debuturi regizorale
Filme regizate de Robert Altman
Filme United Artists

The Delinquents (film din 1957)


Roxana-Natalia Pațurcă () este un senator român, ales în 2016. Roxana Natalia Pațurcă este profesor de finanțe-contabilitate la Colegiul Economic din Călărași.

Referințe

Vezi și
 Legislatura 2016-2020 (Senat)
 Parlamentul României

Legături externe
 Activitatea parlamentară

Nașteri în 1979
Nașteri pe 6 octombrie
Politicieni români în viață
Senatori români 2016-2020
Membri ai Partidului Social Democrat
Profesori români în viață

Roxana-Natalia Pațurcă


Le  district du congressionnel de l'Arkansas est un district du Congrès américain dans l'est de l'Arkansas qui élit un Représentant à la Chambre des représentants des États-Unis. Il est actuellement représenté par le Républicain Rick Crawford. Avec un Indice de vote Cook Partisan de R + 21, c'est le district le plus Républicain de l'Arkansas, un État avec une délégation du Congrès entièrement républicaine.

Géographie

2003-2013
Avant le recensement de 2010, le  district représentait des parties du nord-est de l'Arkansas, englobant les Comtés d'Arkansas, Baxter, Clay, Cleburne, Craighead, Crittenden, Cross, Fulton, Greene, Independence, Izard, Jackson, Lawrence, Lee, Lonoke, Mississippi, Monroe, Phillips, Poinsett, Prairie, Randolph, Saint Francis, Searcy, Sharp, Stone et Woodruff.

2013-2023
Le district comprend des comtés supplémentaires dans la partie sud-est qui faisaient partie du  district qui à son tour prenait toute la frontière est de l'Arkansas. Il englobe entièrement les comtés d'Arkansas, Baxter, Chicot, Clay, Cleburne, Craighead, Crittenden, Cross, Desha, Fulton, Greene, Independence, Izard, Jackson, Lawrence, Lee, Lincoln, Lonoke, Mississippi, Monroe, Phillips, Poinsett, Prairie, Randolph, Saint Francis, Searcy, Sharp, Stone et Woodruff. Le district englobe également des parties du Comté de Jefferson.

Histoire
Le delta du Mississippi abrite depuis longtemps l'agriculture industrielle américaine, le coton, le riz et le soja étant de loin les principales exportations de la région. Le  district couvre la majeure partie de la région du delta de l'Arkansas et s'étend aussi loin à l'ouest que les Ozarks. Les zones agricoles, malgré leur fertilité, sont généralement pauvres selon les normes nationales, le chômage et la sous-éducation étant parmi les plus grands problèmes. Les rizières sont parmi les plus grands bénéficiaires des subventions agricoles fédérales - et trois des cinq principales fermes subventionnées aux États-Unis se trouvent dans le  district, recevant plus de 100 millions de dollars depuis 1996.

Certaines usines de fabrication ont récemment été implantées dans la région, plusieurs usines de pièces automobiles étant en cours de construction à Marion et Toyota la considérant comme le site de sa septième usine nord-américaine.

Jonesboro est la plus grande ville, qui abrite une importante industrie de transformation alimentaire avec des entreprises telles que Nestlé et Frito-Lay implantées ici. Jonesboro abrite également l'Université d'État de l'Arkansas (ASU)-Jonesboro. Alors que Jonesboro lui-même arbore une tendance républicaine, avec certains des comtés des collines, il est contrebalancé par la forte présence Démocrate dans le delta du fleuve Mississippi dominé par les Afro-Américains.

Jusqu'à récemment, il en résultait un vote assez divisé dans la politique nationale. Cependant, le quartier a été emporté par la tendance républicaine croissante en Arkansas. Alors qu'Al Gore a remporté de justesse le district en 2000 avec 50% des voix, George W. Bush a remporté le district en 2004. Le district est devenu encore plus Républicain en 2008, donnant à John McCain 58,69% des voix tandis que Barack Obama a obtenu 38,41% ici. . Le vote Républicain n'a cessé d'augmenter depuis lors, culminant avec le total de 65% des voix de Donald Trump en 2016, sa meilleure performance dans l'État.

Historique de vote

Liste des Représentants du district
Le district a été créée en 1853 après que le Recensement des États-Unis de 1850 ait ajouté un second siège à l'État. Le district at-large a été divisé en ce district, ainsi que le second district.

Résultats des récentes élections
Voici les résultats des dix précédents cycles électoraux du  district.

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

2014

2016

2018

2020

2022
L'Arkansas a tenu sa Primaire le 24 mai 2022, Rick Crawford (R) remporte la Primaire Républicaine, il rejoint donc Monte Hodges (D) lors de l'Élection Général du 8 novembre 2022.

L'Arkansas tiendra son élection générale le 8 novembre 2022. Si aucun candidat à l'Election Générale de reçoit 50% du vote ou plus, alors un Second Tour aura lieu le 8 décembre 2022.

Références

1

Premier district congressionnel d'Arkansas


Zâmbetul este un film românesc din 2014 regizat de Constantin Mustețea.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 2014 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 2014

Zâmbetul


Tsuruya Namboku IV. (jap. ; Katsu Hyōzō I, ; Sawa Hyōzō,  bw. ; Sakurada Hyōzō,  bzw. ; * 1755 in Edo; † 22. Dezember 1829 ebenda) war ein japanischer Kabuki-Autor.

Tsuruya wurde als Sohn des Färbers Ebiya Izaburō geboren und wurde 1776 Schüler des Kabuki-Autors Sakurada Jisuke I. Ab 1777 arbeitete er unter dem Namen Sakurada Hyōzō für das Theater Nakamura-za ab 1880 als Sawa Hyōzō für das Ichimura-za 1788 nahm er nach dem Tod seines Schwiegervaters Tsuruya Namboku III. den Namen Tsuruya Namboku IV. an.

Mit Unterstützung des Schauspielers Bandō Hikosaburō III. wurde er 1803 Hauptautor (tatesakusha) am Kawarazaki-za. Erfolgreich als Theaterautor wurde er erst nach 1800. Er verfasste dann mehr als 120 Stücke und wurde vor allem als Autor von Geisterdramen wie Sakurahime azuma no bunshō (1817) und Yotsuya kaidan (1825) bekannt. Berühmt waren seine Einsätze von technischen Bühneneffekten wie dem schnellen Kostümwechsel (hayagawari) und dem Fliegen durch die Luft (chūnori). Zu den Hauptdarstellern seiner Stücke zählten Schauspieler wie Onoe Shōroku I., Onoe Kikugorō III., Matsumoto Kōshirō und Ichikawa Danjūrō VII.

Werke
Toki-mo Kikyō, 1808
Okuni Gozen Keshō no Sugatami, 1809
Kokoro no Nazo Toketa Iroito (mit Sakurada Jisuke II.), 1810
Kachi Zumō Ukina no Hanabure (Shirafuji Genta), 1810
Ehon Gappō-ga-Tsuji (mit Sakurada Jisuke II.), 1810
Osome Hisamatsu Ukina no Yomiuri (Osome no Nanayaku), 1813
Sumidagawa Hana no Goshozome (Onna Seigen, UA mit den Schauspielern Iwai Hanshirō V., Ichikawa Danjūrō VII. und Matsumoto Kōshirō V.), 1814
Kakitsubata Iro mo Edozome (Oroku to Gantetsu, UA mit den Schauspielern Iwai Hanshirō V., Ichikawa Danjūrō VII., Bandō Mitsugorō III. und Matsumoto Kōshirō V.), 1815
Haji Momiji Ase no Kaomise (Date no Jūyaku, mit Ichikawa Danjūrō VII. in zehn Rollen), 1815
Sakura Hime Azuma Bunshō, 1817
Sakura Butai Maku no Datezome, 1820
Tsuki no En Tsuki no Shiranami (mit Onoe Kikugurō in der Hauptrolle), 1821
Imoseyama Hitome Sembon, 1821
Ukiyozuka Hiyoku no Inazuma, 1823
Kesakake Matsu Narita no Riken (mit Onoe Kikugorō III. und Ichikawa Danjūrō VII. in den Hauptrollen), 1823
Tōkaidō Yotsuya Kaidan, 1825
Kamikakete Sango Taisetsu, 1825
Oniwaka Kongen Butai (mit Ichikawa Danjūrô VII., Iwai Shijaku I. und Iwai Kumesaburō II. in den Hauptrollen), 1825
Kin no Zai Saru Shima Dairi (mit Segawa Kikunojō V. und Nakamura Shikan II. in den Hauptrollen), 1829

Quellen
Answers.com - Tsuruya Namboku IV
Haruo Shirane: "Early Modern Japanese Literature: An Anthology, 1600-1900", Columbia University Press, 2008, ISBN 9780231144155, S. 456 ff
Joy Hendry, Massimo Raveri: "Japan at Play", Routledge, 2005, ISBN 9780415379373, S. 75
Samuel L. Leiter: "Historical dictionary of Japanese traditional theatre", Scarecrow Press, 2006, ISBN 9780810855274, S. 26
Adolphe Clarence Scott: "The Kabuki Theatre of Japan", Neuauflage Courier Dover Publications, 1999, ISBN 9780486406459, S. 234
Kabuki21 - Tsuraya Namboku IV
 S. Noma (Hrsg.): Tsuruya Namboku. In: Japan. An Illustrated Encyclopedia. Kodansha, 1993. ISBN 4-06-205938-X, S. 1634.

Autor
Drama
Literatur (Japanisch)
Japaner
Geboren 1755
Gestorben 1829
Mann

Tsuruya Namboku IV.


Zgrada hotela Slavija u Splitu, Hrvatska, na adresi Buvinina 2, zaštićeno je kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
U zgradi je smješten hotel Slavija. Restoran hotela Slavija čine zapadne terme Dioklecijanove palače, koje su godinama bile zatvorene za javnost. 2013. su trebale biti otvorene kao restoran tog hotela, a dotad su šest godina bile gradilište na kojem se provode zahvati sukladno konzervatorskim elaboratom arhitekta Ive Vojnovića, za koji su konzervatori dali suglasnost.

Sklop kuća koji čini Hotel Slaviju nalazi se na Dosudu, unutar Dioklecijanove palače. Hotel Slavija jedan je od najstarijih hotela u staroj gradskoj jezgri koji je, dijelom i zahvaljujući kvalitetnoj prenamjeni stambenog prostora, sačuvao sve izvorne slojeve sklopa. Ovaj vrijedan arhitektonski sklop s najstarijim slojem s početka 17. st., te arheološkim nalazištem Zapadnih termi Dioklecijanove palače u prizemlju, doista se izdvaja u pregledu arhitekture unutar Dioklecijanove palače.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-5286 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificiranog kao profana graditeljska baština.

Izvori

Zgrade u Splitu
Zaštićene stambeno-poslovne građevine u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji

Zgrada hotela Slavija u Splitu


فلاش اكس بي  هو برنامج متخصص في رفع الملفات إلى سيرفر الموقع من خلال برتوكول ftp. وهو من أفضل البرامج في هذا المجال وأشهرها. وقد حاز جوائز عديدة، ويتميز بخفته وسرعته فهو سريع جداً في رفع الملفات إلى الموقع أو تحميل الملفات منها، وكذلك يدعم خاصية استكمال التحميل والرفع عن فصل الإنترنت أو حدوث أي مشكلة من مشاكل الإنترنت. ويوجد به خاصية المهام المجدولة في رفع أو تحميل الملفات. يتميز ببساطة وجهته سهل الاستخدام لكل مستخدم قوائم بسيطة جدا.

وصلات خارجية
 فلاش أف إكس بي

مراجع

 الأرشيف

برمجيات

فلاش أف إكس بي


Mirecourt (Almanca: Meierhofen in Lothringen), Fransa'nın kuzeydoğusunda Lothringen iline bağlı kent. Nancy'nin 50 kilometre güneyinde yer alır. Ünlü keman imalatçısı Jean Baptiste Vuillaume burada dünyaya gelmiştir. Toplam 12,12 km² yüzölçüme sahip kent nüfusu 1999 itibarıyla 6384 olarak belirlenmiştir. Almanya'nın Bonn kenti idari merkezlerinden Beuel ile partnerlik faaliyetleri yürütmektedir.

Bağlantı
 Resmi site

Vosges'taki şehirler

Mirecourt


Donor 47 er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1945 med instruktion og manuskript af Torben Anton Svendsen.

Handling
En mand bliver kørt ned - og Donor 47 spenderer blod. Om blodtransfusionens teknik og donorkorpset.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1945

Donor 47


La ZrT TrackMania Cup 2020 est la huitième édition de la ZrT TrackMania Cup, la compétition internationale d' annuelle sur le jeu TrackMania organisée par ZeratoR. Les qualifications ont lieu les 18 et 19 juillet 2020 et la grande finale a lieu le 26 juillet 2020.

La finale de l'édition 2020 était initialement prévue à l'Accor Arena mais, en raison de la pandémie de Covid-19, ZeratoR annonce le report de l'édition à l'Accor Arena en 2021. L'édition se jouera alors intégralement en ligne.

Cette édition 2020, qui est la septième édition se jouant en solo, sera remportée par Gwen. Il devance CarlJr (tenant du titre en solo et vainqueur de l'édition 2019 en duo). Le podium est complété par Bren (vainqueur de l'édition 2019 en duo et  de l'édition 2018 en solo) et Aurel (finaliste de l'édition 2019 en duo et  de l'édition 2018 en solo), tous deux troisièmes.

Environ 140 000 personnes en ligne sur Twitch, ont regardé la Grande Finale du 26 juillet.

Circuits

Pour cette édition, ZeratoR a réalisé 18 circuits  :

Compétition

Qualifications

Grande Finale

Demi-finales
Les demi-finales se sont jouées en format Coupe. Dans ce format, le joueur doit, au fil des courses obtenir 120 points, ce qui lui permet d'obtenir le statut de Finaliste. Le barème des points est le suivant :  = 10 pts /  = 6 pts /  = 4 pts /  = 3 pts.

Une fois le statut de finaliste atteint, le joueur doit finir premier d'une course pour obtenir le statut de Vainqueur', synonyme de qualification pour la finale.

 Finale

La Finale s'est jouée en mode Coupe, comme pour les demi-finales. Le nombre de points à atteindre pour devenir Finaliste est de 120 et le barème des points est le suivant :  = 10 pts /  = 6 pts /  = 4 pts /  = 3 pts.

Une fois le statut de finaliste atteint, le joueur doit finir premier d'une course pour obtenir le statut de Vainqueur'', synonyme de victoire de la finale.

Seule la  place est jouée. Ainsi, lorsque deux joueurs obtiennent le statut de vainqueur, les deux autres sont  égalité.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Compétition d'esport
TrackMania
Émission sur Twitch

ZrT TrackMania Cup 2020


Ținutul Olgopol (în ) a fost o unitate administrativ-teritorială (uezd) din gubernia Podolia a Imperiului Rus, constituită în 1795. Centrul administrativ al ținutului a fost orașul Olgopol (actualmente – Olhopil). Populația ținutului era de 284.253 locuitori (în 1897).

Istorie
Ținutul fost creat în 1795, ca parte a guvernoratului Voznesensk. În 1797, acesta a devenit parte a guberniei Podolia. În 1923, "uezd-ul" a fost abolit, prin crearea .

Geografie
Ținutul Olgopol ocupa o suprafață de 3.565 km² (3.803 de verste). În nord, nord-vest și nord-est se învecina cu ținuturile Iampol, Brațlav și Gaisîn (Haisîn), în sud avea un hotar îndelungat cu ținutul Balta, iar în partea sud-vestică ajungea la Nistru, respectiv ținutul Soroca din gubernia Basarabia.

Printre altele, ținutul a inclus și actualul raion Camenca din Republica Moldova (stînga Nistrului).

Populație
La recensământul populației din 1897, populația ținutului era de 284.253 de locuitori, dintre care:

Diviziuni administrative
În anul 1913, Ținutul Olgopol cuprindea 14 de voloste (ocoale):

Referințe

Bibliografie
Ольгополь, уездный город Подольской губернии // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.

Fondări în 1797
Ținuturile guberniei Podolia
Istoria regiunii Vinnița
Istoria Transnistriei
Desființări în 1923

Ținutul Olgopol


Wendigo () is a mythological creature or evil spirit originating from the folklore of Plains and Great Lakes Natives as well as some First Nations. It is based in and around the East Coast forests of Canada, the Great Plains region of the United States, and the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, grouped in modern ethnology as speakers of Algonquian-family languages. The wendigo is often said to be a malevolent spirit, sometimes depicted as a creature with human-like characteristics, which possesses human beings. The wendigo is said to invoke feelings of insatiable greed/hunger, the desire to cannibalize other humans, and the propensity to commit murder in those that fall under its influence.  In some representations the wendigo is described as a giant humanoid with a heart of ice; a foul stench or sudden, unseasonable chill might precede its approach.

In modern psychiatry the wendigo lends its name to a form of psychosis known as "Wendigo psychosis", which is characterized by symptoms such as an intense craving for human flesh and an intense fear of becoming a cannibal. Wendigo psychosis is described as a culture-bound syndrome. In some First Nations communities other symptoms such as insatiable greed and destruction of the environment are also thought to be symptoms of wendigo psychosis.

The concept of the wendigo has been used in literature and other works of art both by Native Americans and by others, including in works of social commentary and of horror fiction.

Etymology
The word appears in many Native American languages, and has many alternative translations. The source of the English word is the Ojibwe word . In the Cree language it is , also transliterated . Other transliterations include , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and .

A plural form  is also spelled , , or .

The Proto-Algonquian term has been reconstructed as , which may have meant "owl".

Parallels
The Wechuge is a similar being that appears in the legends of the Athabaskan people of the Northwest Pacific Coast. It too is cannibalistic; however, it is characterized as enlightened with ancestral insights.

Folklore

Description
The wendigo is part of the traditional belief system of a number of Algonquin-speaking peoples, including the Ojibwe, the Saulteaux, the Cree, the Naskapi, and the Innu. Although descriptions can vary somewhat, common to all these cultures is the view that the wendigo is a malevolent, cannibalistic, supernatural being. They were strongly associated with winter, the north, coldness, famine, and starvation.

Basil H. Johnston, an Ojibwe teacher and scholar from Ontario, gives a description of a wendigo:

In Ojibwe, Eastern Cree, Westmain Swampy Cree, Naskapi, and Innu lore, wendigos are often described as giants that are many times larger than human beings, a characteristic absent from myths in other Algonquian cultures. Whenever a wendigo ate another person, it would grow in proportion to the meal it had just eaten, so it could never be full. Therefore, wendigos are portrayed as simultaneously gluttonous and extremely thin due to starvation.

The wendigo is seen as the embodiment of gluttony, greed, and excess: never satisfied after killing and consuming one person, they are constantly searching for new victims.

A wendigo need not lose the human's powers of cognition or speech and in some depictions may clearly communicate with its prospective victims or even threaten or taunt them. A specimen of folk story collected in the early 20th century by Lottie Chicogquaw Marsden, an ethnographer of the Chippewas of Rama First Nation, in which a wendigo also exhibits tool use, an ability to survive partial dismemberment, and autocannibalism, reads:

Human cannibalism
In some traditions, humans overpowered by greed could turn into wendigos; the myth thus served as a method of encouraging cooperation and moderation. Other sources say wendigos were created when a human resorted to cannibalism to survive. Humans could also turn into wendigos by being in contact with them for too long.

Taboo reinforcement ceremony
Among the Assiniboine, the Cree, and the Ojibwe, a satirical ceremonial dance is sometimes performed during times of famine to reinforce the seriousness of the wendigo taboo. The ceremony, known as wiindigookaanzhimowin, was performed during times of famine, and involved wearing masks and dancing backward around a drum. The last known wendigo ceremony conducted in the United States was at Lake Windigo of Star Island of Cass Lake, within the Leech Lake Indian Reservation in northern Minnesota.

Psychosis
In historical accounts of retroactively diagnosed wendigo psychosis, it has been reported that humans became possessed by the wendigo spirit, after being in a situation of needing food and having no other choice besides cannibalism. In 1661, The Jesuit Relations reported:

Although in many recorded cases of wendigo psychosis the individual has been killed to prevent cannibalism from resulting, some Cree folklore recommends treatment by ingestion of fatty animal meats or drinking animal grease; those treated may sometimes vomit ice as part of the curing process.

One of the more famous cases of wendigo psychosis reported involved a Plains Cree trapper from Alberta, named Swift Runner. During the winter of 1878, Swift Runner and his family were starving, and his eldest son died. Twenty-five miles away from emergency food supplies at a Hudson's Bay Company post, Swift Runner butchered and ate his wife and five remaining children. Given that he resorted to cannibalism so near to food supplies, and that he killed and consumed the remains of all those present, it was revealed that Swift Runner's was not a case of pure cannibalism as a last resort to avoid starvation, but rather of a man with wendigo psychosis. He eventually confessed and was executed by authorities at Fort Saskatchewan.

Another well-known case involving wendigo psychosis was that of Jack Fiddler, an Oji-Cree chief and medicine man known for his powers at defeating wendigos. In some cases, this entailed killing people with wendigo psychosis. As a result, in 1907, Fiddler and his brother Joseph were arrested by the Canadian authorities for homicide. Jack committed suicide, but Joseph was tried and sentenced to life in prison. He ultimately was granted a pardon but died three days later in jail before receiving the news of this pardon.

Fascination with wendigo psychosis among Western ethnographers, psychologists, and anthropologists led to a hotly debated controversy in the 1980s over the historicity of this phenomenon. Some researchers argued that, essentially, Wendigo psychosis was a fabrication, the result of naïve anthropologists taking stories related to them at face value without observation. Others have pointed to a number of credible eyewitness accounts, both by Algonquians and others, as evidence that wendigo psychosis was a factual historical phenomenon.

The frequency of wendigo psychosis cases decreased sharply in the 20th century as Boreal Algonquian people came into greater and greater contact with European ideologies and more sedentary, less rural, lifestyles.

In his 2004 treatise Revenge of the Windigo on disorders and treatments of the behavioral health industry in the United States and Canada that are peculiar to indigenous people, James B. Waldram wrote,

The 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) classifies "Windigo" as a culture-specific disorder, describing it as "Rare, historic accounts of cannibalistic obsession... Symptoms included depression, homicidal or suicidal thoughts, and a delusional, compulsive wish to eat human flesh... Some controversial new studies question the syndrome's legitimacy, claiming cases were actually a product of hostile accusations invented to justify the victim's ostracism or execution."

As a concept or metaphor

In addition to denoting a cannibalistic monster from certain traditional folklore, some Native Americans also understand the wendigo conceptually. As a concept, the wendigo can apply to any person, idea, or movement infected by a corrosive drive toward self-aggrandizing greed and excessive consumption, traits that sow disharmony and destruction if left unchecked. Ojibwe scholar Brady DeSanti asserts that the wendigo "can be understood as a marker indicating... a person... imbalanced both internally and toward the larger community of human and spiritual beings around them." Out of equilibrium and estranged by their communities, individuals thought to be afflicted by the wendigo spirit unravel and destroy the ecological balance around them. Chippewa author Louise Erdrich's novel The Round House, winner of the National Book Award, depicts a situation where an individual person becomes a wendigo. The novel describes its primary antagonist, a rapist whose violent crimes desecrate a sacred site, as a wendigo who must be killed because he threatens the reservation's safety.

In addition to characterizing individual people who exhibit destructive tendencies, the wendigo can also describe movements and events with similarly negative effects. According to Professor Chris Schedler, the figure of the wendigo represents "consuming forms of exclusion and assimilation" through which groups dominate other groups." This application allows Native Americans to describe colonialism and its agents as wendigos since the process of colonialism ejected natives from their land and threw the natural world out of balance. DeSanti points to the 1999 horror film Ravenous as an illustration of this argument equating "the cannibal monster" to "American colonialism and manifest destiny". This movie features a character who articulates that expansion brings displacement and destruction as side effects, explaining that "manifest destiny" and "western expansion" will bring "thousands of gold-hungry Americans... over the mountains in search of new lives... This country is seeking to be whole... Stretching out its arms... and consuming all it can. And we merely follow".

As a concept, wendigo can apply to situations other than some Native American-European relations. It can serve as a metaphor explaining any pattern of domination by which groups subjugate and dominate or violently destroy and displace. Joe Lockhard, English professor at Arizona State University, argues that wendigos are agents of "social cannibalism" who know "no provincial or national borders; all human cultures have been visited by shape-shifting wendigos. Their visitations speak to the inseparability of human experience... National identity is irrelevant to this borderless horror." Lockhard's ideas explain that wendigos are an expression of a dark aspect of human nature: the drive toward greed, consumption, and disregard for other life in the pursuit of self-aggrandizement.

Romantic scholar and documentarian Emily Zarka, also a professor at Arizona State University, observes that two commonalities among the indigenous cultures of Algonquian language family speakers are that they are situated in climes where harsh winters are frequent and may be accompanied by starvation. She states that the wendigo symbolically represents three major concepts: it is the incarnation of winter, the embodiment of hunger, and the personification of selfishness.

In popular culture

Although distinct from how it appears in the traditional lore, one of the first appearances of a character inspired by, or named after, a wendigo in non-Indigenous literature is Algernon Blackwood's 1910 novella The Wendigo. Joe Nazare wrote that Blackwood's "subtly-demonizing rhetoric transforms the Wendigo from a native myth into a descriptive template for the Indian savage."

Blackwood's work has influenced many of the subsequent portrayals in mainstream horror fiction, such as August Derleth's "The Thing that Walked on the Wind" and "Ithaqua" (1933 and 1941), which in turn inspired the character in Stephen King's novel Pet Sematary, where it is a personification of evil, an ugly grinning creature with yellow-grey eyes, ears replaced by ram's horns, white vapor coming from its nostrils, and a pointed, decaying yellow tongue. These works set the template for later portrayals in popular culture, at times even replacing the Native American lore. In an early short story by Thomas Pynchon, "Mortality and Mercy in Vienna" (first published in 1959), the plot centers around a character developing Wendigo syndrome and going on a killing spree.

In 1973 a character inspired by the wendigo appeared in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by the writer Steve Englehart and artist Herb Trimpe, the monster is the result of a curse that afflicts those who commit acts of cannibalism. It first appeared in The Incredible Hulk #162 (April 1973), and again in the October 1974 issue.

Contemporary Indigenous works that explore the legend include the 1995 novel Solar Storms, by author and poet Linda K. Hogan (Chickasaw), which explores the stories of the wendigo and incorporates the creatures as a device to interrogate issues of independence, spirituality, politics, an individual's relationship to the family, and as a metaphor for corporate voracity, exploitation, and power - all viewed as a form of cannibalism. Wrist, the 2016 debut novel by First Nations horror fiction writer Nathan Niigan Noodin Adler (Lac Des Milles Lacs Anishinaabe), combines the traditional Ojibwe legend with the author's ideas inspired by non-Indigenous writers like Anne Rice and Tim Powers.

Other creatures based on the legend, or named for it, appear in various films and television shows, including Dark Was the Night, Ravenous, The Lone Ranger (2013), and the 2021 film Antlers by Scott Cooper, where the wendigo is portrayed as a deer-like creature with a glowing heart that moves from person to person with a never ending hunger. Guillermo del Toro, producer of the film, developed the wendigo on the basis that the more the creature eats, the more it gets hungry and the more it gets hungry, the weaker it becomes. In the 2021 film The Inhuman (L'Inhumain) the arrival of a wendigo symbolizes inner turmoil after a character turns his back on his Indigenous heritage in the pursuit of material success.

Various characters inspired by the legend, or named for it, appear in role-playing video games, such as 2018's Fallout 76 by Bethesda Game Studios, where wendigos are featured as one of the cryptid enemies found in the area of Appalachia, mutated from people who consumed human flesh in isolation. In the 2018 first-person shooter video game Dusk, wendigos are enemies that remain invisible until they receive damage. Several of these creatures also appear in the game's cover art.

References

Citations

General and cited sources

 Colombo, J.R. ed. Wendigo. Western Producer Prairie Books, Saskatoon: 1982.

 Teicher, Morton I. (1961). "Windigo Psychosis: A Study of Relationship between Belief and Behaviour among the Indians of Northeastern Canada." In Proceedings of the 1960 Annual Spring Meeting of the American Ethnological Society, ed. Verne P. Ray. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

External links

 Seeing Wetiko: on Capitalism, Mind Viruses, and Antidotes for a World in Transition
 "Windigo: The Flesh-Eating Monster of Native American Legend", Monstrum documentary short series from PBS Digital Studios

Cannibalism in North America
Legendary creatures of the indigenous peoples of North America
Mythic humanoids
Mythological anthropophages
Mythological cannibals
Mythological monsters
Native American demons
North American demons
Psychosis
Supernatural legends
Therianthropes

Wendigo


O caso Janaína dos Santos refere-se ao crime de escravidão moderna - sequestro, tortura e cárcere privado - cometido contra Janaína dos Santos por sua prima e madrinha Francisca Danielly Mesquita Medeiros, que já havia sido candidata a deputada federal no Piauí nas eleições de 2018. O caso aconteceu em Teresina, capital do Piauí, e Francisca está presa preventivamente, após Janaína ter sido resgatada em 23 de maio de 2023.

"Foi sequestrada pela madrinha", disse o repórter que apresentou o caso no Domingo Espetacular de 28 de maio.

Biografias

Vítima
Filha de Maria do Socorro e Valdemar, Janaína dos Santos tinha uma vida normal em Chapadinha, no Maranhão, onde vivia com os pais e seis irmãos mais novos e frequentava a escola. Ela tinha 12 anos de idade quando Danielly, que sua madrinha e prima de sua mãe, visitou a família durante a Semana Santa e a convidou para passar alguns dias em Teresina.

Acusada
Nascida em Chapadinha, Francisca Danielly Mesquita Medeiros, mais conhecida como Danielly Medeiros, tem dois dois filhos, um deles com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Ela que é fisioterapeuta, terapeuta ocupacional, empresária da área de reciclagem e servidora pública e já havia sido candidata a deputada federal no Piauí nas eleições de 2018. Em 2020 ela tentou uma candidatura como vereadora em Teresina pelo PSD, mais foi considerada "inapta".

Crime
Uma vez na casa da madrinha, que morava no bairro Ilhotas, no centro-sul de Teresina, Janaína passou a se obrigada a realizar todas as tarefas domésticas na casa sem qualquer remuneração e sem qualquer dia de descanso. Ela também sofria agressões físicas e psicológicas e era impedida de sair de casa e se relacionar com outras pessoas, além de nunca ter ido a um hospital, nem quando teve um problema renal, e nunca ter frequentado a escola. "Eu sentia tristeza, chorava sozinha, não gostava da minha vida", disse Janaína, que também relatou que havia tentado fugir algumas vezes e que numa destas ocasiões, ao ser pega, Francisca havia ameaçado arrancar seu coração. "O pior dia foi na segunda-feira [22 de maio], quando ela ameaçou arrancar meu coração. Ela quebrou um casco de cerveja, chegou bem perto de mim e disse que ia tirar meu coração", disse a vítima.

Janaína também era a responsável por cuidar dos filhos da acusada, incluindo o menino com TEA, que ela levava para para tratamento médico no Centro Integrado de Reabilitação (Ceir).

Foi o namorado de Janaína, o mecânico Osmar Rodrigues, que ajudou a desvendar o crime libertar a vítima. Eles haviam se conhecido dois meses antes no caminho que Janaína fazia quando levava o menino autista para tratamento e quando Osmar deu a ela um telefone celular para poderem se comunicar, Francisca levou o aparelho de volta e mandou o mecânico se afastar da jovem. Osmar, que já conhecia a situação na qual Janaína vivia, temendo perder o contato com a namorada, procurou os familiares da vítima, a que contou toda a situação, e a polícia.

Investigações e prisão
Ao saberem do caso, policiais comandados pelo delegado Odilo Sena foram até a casa de Francisca no dia 23 de maio onde encontraram a vítima. Janaína tinha então 27 anos e havia vivido 15 anos em regime análogo à escravidão. "Ao invés dela entregar essa criança de volta, ela veio pra Teresina e a transformou em uma 'escrava'. O trabalho dela é cuidar de uma criança autista, cuidar de uma casa enorme. Não tinha direito a nada, o único direito dela é trabalhar", disse o delegado, ainda afirmando que se tratava de uma "perversidade".

No Domingo Espetacular Sena disse: "era um calabouço psicológico. Ela tinha a chave da casa e podia pedir ajuda, mas não conseguia, por terror e medo da madrinha".

A mãe da vítima relatou ao Domingo Espetacular que quando havia procurado a menina, Francisca a havia ameaçado de prisão. "Fiquei com medo". Adelmo, pai da vítima, também disse que tinha ficado com medo e foi avisado pela acusada de que Janaína não queria mais contato com os pais. "Fiquei com medo, porque eles são poderosos. Eles tinham influência".

O procurador-chefe do MPT-PI, Edno Moura, também acompanha o caso. "Foi uma situação que iniciou quando a mulher ainda era menor de idade, ou seja, trabalho infantil, cárcere privado de trabalhadora, jornada exaustiva, falta de pagamento pelo trabalho realizado ao longo dos 15 anos, cerceamento do direito à educação, maus tratos. Enfim, vamos apurar todas as ilicitudes", disse.

Depoimento da acusada e prisão
Francisca negou os maus tratos e que Janaína vivesse em estado análogo à escravidão, mas no dia 26 de maio o juiz Valdemir Ferreira converteu a prisão temporária em preventiva, negando o pedido de um habeas corpus para prisão domiciliar.

Referências

Crimes no Piauí
Crimes no Brasil
Crimes no Brasil por região
Crimes no Brasil por tipo
Escravidão contemporânea

Caso Janaína dos Santos


Bilo jednom... u Hollywoodu (eng. Once Upon a Time in Hollywood) je američki film iz 2019. čiji je redatelj i scenarist Quentin Tarantino. Producentske kuće su Columbia Pictures, Bona Film Group, Heyday Films i Vision Romantic, a distributer je Sony Pictures Releasing. Bogatu glumačku postavu predvode Leonardo DiCaprio, Brad Pitt i Margot Robbie. Radnja je smještena u Los Angeles 1969. i prati glumca Ricka Daltona i njegovog kaskadera te njihovo preživljavanje u promjenjivoj filmskoj industriji, kao i "više priča u modernoj bajci koja odaje počast konačnim trenucima Zlatnog doba Hollywooda".

Bilo jednom... u Hollywoodu je nominiran za 10 nagrada Oscar uključujući i za najbolji film, a osvojio je za najboljeg sporednog glumca (Pitt) i najbolji produkcijski dizajn. Film je zaradio 374 milijuna američkih dolara širom svijeta i dobio pohvale od kritičara za Tarantinovu režiju i scenarij, izvedbe (posebno DiCapirovu), kinematografiju, dizajn zvuka, kostimografiju i produkciju.

Radnja

Uloge

 Leonardo DiCaprio kao Rick Dalton
 Brad Pitt kao Cliff Booth
 Margot Robbie kao Sharon Tate
 Emile Hirsch kao Jay Sebring
 Margaret Qualley kao "Pussycat"
 Timothy Olyphant kao James Stacy
 Julia Butters kao Trudi Fraser
 Austin Butler kao "Tex"
 Dakota Fanning kao "Squeaky"
 Bruce Dern kao George Spahn
 Mike Moh kao Bruce Lee
 Luke Perry kao Wayne Maunder
 Damian Lewis kao Steve McQueen
 Al Pacino kao Marvin Schwarz
 Nicholas Hammond kao Sam Wanamaker
 Samantha Robinson kao Abigail Folger
 Rafał Zawierucha kao Roman Polanski
 Lorenza Izzo kao Francesca Capucci
 Costa Ronin kao Wojciech Frykowski
 Damon Herriman kao "Charlie"
 Lena Dunham kao "Gypsy"
 Madisen Beaty kao "Katie"
 Mikey Madison kao "Sadie"
 James Landry Hébert kao "Clem"
 Maya Hawke kao "Flowerchild"
 Victoria Pedretti kao "Lulu"
 Sydney Sweeney kao "Snake"
 Kansas Bowling kao "Blue"
 Danielle Harris kao "Angel"
 Harley Quinn Smith kao "Froggie"
 Scoot McNairy kao "Business" Bob Gilbert iz tv-serije Lancer
 Raul Cardona kao "loš momak" Delgado u Lanceru
 Dreama Walker kao Connie Stevens
 Rachel Redleaf kao Mama Cass
 Rebecca Gayheart kao Billie Booth
 Rebecca Rittenhouse kao Michelle Phillips
 Kurt Russell kao Randy Miller i kao pripovjedač
 Michael Madsen kao šerif Hackett na Bounty Law-u
 Clu Gulager kao vlasnik knjižare Larry Edmunds
 James Remar kao "Ružna sova" Hoot iz Bounty Law
 Corey Burton kao najavljivač filma "Bounty Law"

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Američki filmovi 2010-ih

Bilo jednom… u Hollywoodu


Mariam Usman, née le 9 novembre 1990, est une haltérophile nigériane.

Carrière
Mariam Usman est née à Kaduna et se met à l'haltérophilie afin de combattre le harcèlement exercé par les garçons. Elle débute sur la scène internationale en 2007, remportant trois médailles d'argent dans la catégorie des plus de 75 kg aux Jeux africaisn de 2007 à Alger, et se classe neuvième dans cette catégorie aux Championnats du monde à Chiang Mai. Elle se qualifie pour les Jeux olympiques d'été de 2008 à Pékin en remportent la médaille d'or des plus de 75 kg aux Championnats d'Afrique 2008 à Strand.

Aux Jeux de Pékin, Usman concourt dans la catégorie des plus de 75 kg et termine initialement à la cinquième place, avant d'être reclassée à la troisième place, synonyme de médaille de bronze, après que les médaillées d'argent et de bronze, Olha Korobka et Mariya Grabovetskaya, aient été suspendues en août 2016 après avoir été testées positives à la déhydrochlorméthyltestostérone. Cinquième au total lors des Championnats du monde d'haltérophilie 2009 à Goyang, elle obtient trois médailles d'argent aux Jeux du Commonwealth de 2010 à Delhi. Médaillée d'or au total lors des Championnats d'Afrique d'haltérophilie 2011 au Cap, elle obtient le bronze au total lors des Championnats du monde d'haltérophilie 2011 à Paris.

Mariam Usman se qualifie pour les Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012 à Londres en étant sacrée championne d'Afrique en 2012 à Nairobi, mais à Londres, elle échoue lors de l'épaulé-jeté et n'est donc pas classée. Elle connaît plus de succès par la suite, obtenant l'or aux Championnats du Commonwealth 2013 à Penang ainsi qu'aux Jeux du Commonwealth de 2014 à Glasgow. Aux Jeux africains de 2015 à Brazzaville, elle remporte la médaille d'argent. Elle finit  aux Championnats du monde d'haltérophilie 2015 à Houston.

Elle est à nouveau sacrée lors des Championnats d'Afrique d'haltérophilie 2016 à Yaoundé, et fait partie de la délégation nigériane aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2016 à Rio de Janeiro, où elle termine à la huitième place dans la catégorie des plus de 75 kg. Usman met sa performance sur la faute du manque d'opportunités d'entraînement qui lui sont données au Nigeria et déclare qu'elle ne concourera plus au niveau international pour le Nigeria.

Palmarès

Jeux olympiques
 2008 à Pékin
  Médaille de bronze en plus de 75 kg

Championnats du monde
 2011 à Paris
  Médaille de bronze au total en plus de .
  Médaille de bronze à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .

Jeux africains
 2015 à Brazzaville
  Médaille d'argent au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .
 2007 à Alger
  Médaille d'argent au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .

Championnats d'Afrique
 2016 à Moscou
  Médaille d'or au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .
 2012 à Nairobi
  Médaille d'or au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .
 2011 au Cap
  Médaille d'or au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .
 2008 à Strand
  Médaille d'or au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .

Jeux du Commonwealth
 2014 à Glasgow
  Médaille d'or au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'or à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .
 2010 à Delhi
  Médaille d'argent au total en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'arraché en plus de .
  Médaille d'argent à l'épaulé-jeté en plus de .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Haltérophile nigériane
Médaillée de bronze olympique nigériane
Haltérophile (femme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2008
Haltérophile (femme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012
Haltérophile (femme) aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2016
Médaillée d'or aux Jeux du Commonwealth
Championne d'Afrique d'haltérophilie
Naissance en novembre 1990
Naissance à Kaduna

Mariam Usman


Diese Liste gibt die für Umweltschutz und verwandte Themen zuständigen Bundesminister in der  Zweiten Republik Österreich wieder.

Das Portefeuille gibt es seit 1972, als es von Bruno Kreisky in Bezug auf den zunehmend wichtigen Umweltgedanken geschaffen wurden.
Der Ministerposten wurde anfangs als Umweltschutzminister und Teil des Gesundheitsministeriums geführt, seit 1987 als Umweltminister und Teil des Familienministeriums. Unter Franz Vranitzky gab es 1995/96 kurzfristig ein reines Umweltministerium, dann kehrte man zur vorherigen Form zurück. Ab 2000 firmierte das Amt durch Wolfgang Schüssel als Minister für Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft – aufgrund der Bedeutung, die mit der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie 2000/60/EG diesem Sektor in der EU beigemessen wird – und ist Teil des Landwirtschaftsministeriums. Ab der ersten Regierung Sebastian Kurz (2018) hieß das Umweltressort Nachhaltigkeit, und wird mit dem Tourismusministerium zusammen geführt. 2020 wurde Umwelt mit den Energieagenden an das Verkehrsministerium abgegeben und der Klimaschutz in den Vordergrund gestellt.

Einzelnachweise
 Organigramm Geschichte Ministerium. lebensministerium.at (pdf)
 Abfrage in: Bundesregierungen seit 1920, parlament.gv.at → Wer ist Wer → Bundesregierung

!
Osterreich
Umweltminister

Liste der österreichischen Umweltminister


Sljemenski maraton je prva trail utrka u Hrvatskoj. Utrka je od prvog izdanja poznata po svojem popularnom imenu – "Kuda idu divlje svinje" te pobjednici dobivaju statuu divlje svinje. Također je poznata i kao "Sljemenski krug" jer se odvija na kružnoj ruti.

Od prvog izdanja pa do 2016. godine trčale su se i utrke štafeta. Do 2010. trčale su se muška i mješovita dvočlana štafeta na 28 km, a od 2011. do 2016. trčala se tročlana mješovita štafeta sastavljena od dva muškarca i žene.Kasnije je uvedena utrka na jedan krug pod nazivom "Sljemenski krug" te nakon nje i utrka na dva kruga. Povremeno su se trčale utrke građana te utrke juniora, koje su imale 4-5 km. Također, postoji i ekipni poredak u maratonu za atletske klubove.

Ženska ekipa AK Sljeme u sastavu Veronika Jurišić, Antonija Orlić i Višnja Škevin je 2008. bila bolja od pobjedničke muške ekipe AK Veteran za punih 35 minuta, što se do tada nikada nije dogodilo na nekoj dugoprugaškoj utrci u Hrvatskoj.

Prvo izdanje Sljemenskog maratona organizirao je Dragan Janković uz pomoć trkačkih kolega iz Atletskog društva Veteran Seada Bačevina i Gorana Hudeca.

Popis pojedinačnih pobjednika

Maraton

Na utrkama 2001. te 2003. do 2007. Veronika Jurišić nije nastupila.

Statistika (2019.)

Najveća vremenska razlika između pobjednika i pobjednice:
(od 2007.) 37:50 2009.
(sva izdanja) 51:06 2001.

Sljemenski krug
Kazalo:
- strani natjecatelji su označeni zastavom

* utrka štafeta

Vidi
 Hrvatski atletski savez

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
sljeme.run

Atletika u Hrvatskoj
Športska natjecanja u Zagrebu
Međunarodna atletska natjecanja u Hrvatskoj

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دانييل برافو  (9 فبراير 1963 في تولوز) لاعب كرة قدم فرنسي معتزل ذو أصول إسبانية، كان يجيد اللعب في مركز الوسط المدافع .

المسيرة الرياضية
في 24 يوليو 1980، شارك برافو البالغ من العمر 17 سنة في أول مباراة له في بطولة دوري الدرجة الأولى الفرنسي، وقد لعب لصالح نادي نيس في مواجهة نادي ميتز . على الرغم من هبوط نادي نيس إلى الدرجة الثانية في نهاية موسم 1981/1982 إلا أنه تم استدعائه للمشاركة في صفوف منتخب فرنسا وديا أمام منتخب إيطاليا في فبراير 1982 .

ساهم برافو في تحقيق أول انتصار لمنتخب فرنسا على منتخب إيطاليا منذ 60 سنة، عندما سجل أحد أهداف المباراة. وقرر برافو الاستمرار في نادي نيس في الدرجة الثانية واستطاع تسجيل 11 هدف مما لفت أنظار مسئولي نادي موناكو الذين قرروا التعاقد معه وانضم إليه قبل بداية موسم 1983/1984. على الرغم من عدم مشاركته الدائمة في صفوف منتخب فرنسا إلا أنه تم استدعائه للمشاركة في بطولة كأس الأمم الأوروبية 1984 التي أقيمت في فرنسا وتوجت فيها بطلة للمرة الأولى في تاريخها وقد دخل بديلا عن جان مارك فيراري في المباراة أمام منتخب يوغوسلافيا.

حقق مع فريق موناكو بطولة كأس فرنسا سنة 1985. ثم عاد إلى ناديه السابق نيس في سنة 1987 ولكنه لم يحقق شيئا يذكر. انتقل إلى نادي باريس سان جيرمان حيث بزغت قدراته وموهبته بعدما قرر الاعتزال دوليا في سنة 1989 حيث قاد الفريق لتحقيق بطولة دوري الدرجة الأولى سنة 1994 وبطولة كأس فرنسا مرتين 1993 و1995 وكأس الدوري الفرنسي سنة 1995 وبطولة كأس أبطال الكؤوس الأوروبي سنة 1996 .

بسبب قرارات خاطئة قرر الانتقال إلى نادي بارما الإيطالي (1996-1997) ثم نادي ليون (1997-1998) ثم نادي مرسيليا (1998-1999) من دون أي تألق وفي نهاية الأمر عاد إلى نادي نيس سنة 1999 واعتزل لعب كرة القدم في 2000 .

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في إيطاليا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية فرنسيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية فرنسيون مغتربون
لاعبو وسط كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون فرنسيون مغتربون في إيطاليا
رياضيون من تولوز
فرنسيون من أصل إسباني
لاعبو أولمبيك ليون
لاعبو أولمبيك مارسيليا
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي
لاعبو الدوري الفرنسي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو بارما
لاعبو باريس سان جيرمان
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1984
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون
لاعبو كرة قدم فرنسيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في إيطاليا
لاعبو منتخب فرنسا لكرة القدم
لاعبو موناكو
لاعبو نيس
لاعبون فائزون ببطولة أمم أوروبا
مواليد 1963
مواليد في تولوز
لاعبو كرة قدم من تولوز

دانييل برافو


Das schöne Abenteuer ist eine deutsche Literaturverfilmung von Kurt Hoffmann aus dem Jahr 1959. Sie beruht auf dem Roman Reise durchs Familienalbum von Antonia Ridge.

Handlung
Dorothée Durand arbeitet als Lehrerin in Südengland. Ihre Eltern verstarben, als Dorothée zwei Jahre alt war, und so wuchs sie bei einer Tante auf. Während ihre Mutter Engländerin war, stammte ihr Vater aus Südfrankreich. Dorothée hat im Familienalbum ein Foto ihres Vaters gefunden, der in Nîmes vor einem Hotel steht. Da sie hofft, in Frankreich noch Verwandte zu haben, reist sie in den Sommerferien nach Nîmes. Das Hotel leitet inzwischen der verwitwete Marius Bridot, der einen kleinen Sohn namens Pierre hat. Er weiß nicht, was aus Dorothées Großeltern geworden ist. Bald interessieren sich sämtliche Stammkunden des Hotellokals für Dorothées Geschichte und sie finden heraus, wer das Foto von Dorothées Vater vor dem Lokal geschaffen hat. Zwar ist der Fotograf inzwischen verstorben, doch lebt sein Sohn noch, der gerne bei der Suche weiterhilft und bald vermelden kann, dass Dorothées Großeltern einst nach Saint-Fiacre gezogen sind.

In Saint-Fiacre erfährt Dorothée vom zuständigen Pfarrer, dass die Eltern weiter nach Saint-Étienne gezogen sind, und wird schließlich vom Busfahrer, der sie mit ins hoch in den Bergen gelegene Dorf gebracht hatte, zu einem Fußballspiel gefahren, bei dem die Mannschaft aus Saint-Étienne auf dem Platz steht. Obwohl sie noch nie ein Spiel gesehen hat, ist Dorothée begeistert und die Mannschaft ernennt sie nach dem gewonnenen Spiel zu ihrem Maskottchen. Vor allem der Spieler César ist von Dorothée angetan, der seine Aufmerksamkeit bald zu viel wird. Die Mannschaft nimmt sie in ihrem Mannschaftsbus mit bis nach Saint-Étienne und fährt sie bis zu der Adresse, wo ihre Cousinen leben sollen. Tatsächlich öffnen Cathérine und Françoise ihr die Tür und sind überglücklich, ihre Cousine nach so langer Zeit wiederzusehen.

Obwohl Dorothée ihren Koffer in Nîmes zurückgelassen hatte, da sie auf alle Fälle Pierre und Marius noch einmal wiedersehen wollte, entscheidet sie sich nun, den restlichen Urlaub bei ihren Verwandten zu verbringen, zumal die Schulbehörde in England ihr auch keine Verlängerung der Ferienzeit genehmigt. Marius bringt ihr den Koffer selbst vorbei und beide verbringen einen gemeinsamen Tag in Lyon. Auch bei einem großen Fahrradfest in der Nähe von Saint-Étienne nimmt Marius teil. Einen angedeuteten Heiratsantrag schlägt Dorothée aus: Sie kenne Marius kaum und habe schließlich auch ihren Beruf. Zwar würde sie gerne Pierre wiedersehen, doch warten in England zahlreiche Kinder auf sie als Lehrerin.

Der Abschied von Frankreich fällt schwer, zumal Dorothée für eine Reise im nächsten Jahr diszipliniert sparen müsste. Beim Umstieg nach Paris hört sie, dass der nächste Zug nach Nîmes in Kürze abfahren wird. Sie entscheidet sich spontan und fährt zurück nach Nîmes, wo sie von Pierre und Marius begeistert begrüßt wird.

Jahre später blättert Dorothée ihr eigenes Fotoalbum durch: die Hochzeit mit Marius, die Ehe ihrer beiden Cousinen, Pierre als junger Mann und sie und Marius anlässlich ihrer Silbernen Hochzeit.

Produktion
Der Film wurde von Juni bis Juli 1959 gedreht. Als Studio diente das Bavaria-Atelier München-Geiselgasteig. Die Außenaufnahmen entstanden in Nimes, St. Etienne, Südfrankreich und Dover.

Das schöne Abenteuer erlebte am 29. September 1959 in den Münchener Rathaus-Lichtspielen seine Premiere. Am 19. Mai 1961 kam der Film in die Kinos der DDR und lief am 25. Februar 1967 erstmals auf DFF 1 im Fernsehen der DDR. Am 25. Dezember 1973 wurde der Film erstmals in der ARD gezeigt.

Die Bauten des Films schufen Robert Herlth und Otto Jaindl, die Kostüme stammen von Elisabeth Urbancic.

Kritik
Der Spiegel schrieb anlässlich der Filmpremiere, dass "Regisseur Kurt Hoffmann, Spezialist… gemütlicher Munterkeit im deutschen Lichtspielhaus, […] aufs neue ein angenehmer Film [gelang], dessen Schluß allerdings gegen alle Kinoregeln allzusehr hinausgezögert wurde. Eitel Sonne und romantisches Vergnügen liegen über den sorgfältig und geschmackvoll gearbeiteten Szenen, in denen liebe Menschen einander fortwährend gut sind."

"In gemächlich-vergnüglichem Stil inszeniertes liebevolles Bild des Kleinbürgertums in der Provence", befand der film-dienst.

Cinema schrieb "Lilo Pulver ist süß wie immer. […] Fazit: Der Charme Lilos hat sich bis heute erhalten".

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 1959
Deutscher Film
Literaturverfilmung

Das schöne Abenteuer (1959)


Yemen millî futbol takımı, Yemen'i (1990'a kadar Kuzey Yemen) uluslararası arenada temsil eden futbol takımıdır. 1990 öncesi Kuzey Yemen ve Güney Yemen birleşmeden evvel, İki millî takım vardı. Birleşmesinden sonra, Yemen millî futbol takımı, Kuzey Yemen millî futbol takımının varisi olarak kabul edildi. Yemen (ya da Kuzey Yemen) FIFA Dünya Kupası'na hiç katılamamıştır. Ortadoğu'nun 6. en kalabalık ülkesi olmasına rağmen, Yemen, Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri, Katar, Suriye ve Umman gibi küçük nüfusa sahip ülkelerle aynı başarılara sahip olamamıştır.

Turnuva tarihi

FIFA Dünya Kupası tarihi

Asya Kupası tarihi
 1956 - 1980 arası - Katılmadı
 1984 - 1988 arası - Elemeleri geçemedi
 1992 - Katılmadı
 1996 - 2011 arası - Elemeleri geçemedi

Güncel kadro
23 Mart 2015 itibarıyla;

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Kaynakça

Asya'da millî futbol takımları
Yemen'de futbol

Yemen millî futbol takımı


General James Alward Van Fleet (March 19, 1892 – September 23, 1992) was a United States Army officer who saw service during World War I, World War II and the Korean War. Van Fleet was a native of New Jersey, who was raised in Florida and graduated from the United States Military Academy. He served as a regimental, divisional and corps commander during World War II and as the commanding general of United States Army and other United Nations forces during the Korean War.

Early life and education

James Van Fleet was born in the Coytesville section of Fort Lee, New Jersey. His family then moved to Florida while he was an infant, and he grew up there. Van Fleet received his high school education at the Summerlin Institute in Bartow, Florida.

After graduating from Summerlin in 1911, Van Fleet received an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. While he was a cadet at West Point, he was a member of the Army football team and was a standout fullback on the undefeated Army team of 1914. Van Fleet graduated in the famous West Point Class of 1915, which included so many future generals that it has been called "the class the stars fell on" (stars being the insignia of generals). Van Fleet's classmates included Dwight D. Eisenhower and Omar Bradley, among many others.

Career

Early career
After graduation, Van Fleet was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Infantry Branch of the United States Army. He was assigned to a company of the 3rd Infantry Regiment at Plattsburgh, New York, where he served from September 12 to October 1, 1915. He then served at Madison Barracks, in Sacketts Harbor, New York, until May 11, 1916. The 3rd Infantry was then transferred to Eagle Pass, Texas, for service on the Mexican border until October 8, 1917, over six months after the American entry into World War I. During his time in Texas, Van Fleet was promoted twice, to first lieutenant on July 1, 1916, and to captain on May 15, 1917.

Van Fleet then transferred to Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where he served as an instructor for provisional officers, October 10, 1917, to March 22, 1918; commanding Army Service Schools Detachment No. 2, to April 6, 1918; at Kansas City, Missouri, inspecting 7th Infantry Regiment, National Guard of Missouri, April 1 to 5; at Camp Forrest, Ga., Camp Wadsworth, S. C., and Camp Mills, Long Island, commanding a company of the 16th Machine Gun Battalion, from April 10 to July 4, 1918. He received a temporary promotion to major on June 17, 1918.

Van Fleet was then shipped to France, where he commanded the 17th Machine Gun Battalion, part of the 6th Division, from September 12, 1918, to June 11, 1919. He was wounded in action in the Meuse–Argonne offensive on November 4, 1918, just seven days before the Armistice with Germany which caused hostilities to cease.

Interwar period
After the war, Van Fleet was reduced to his permanent rank of captain in 1922 and promoted to major in the Regular Army in December 1924. While serving as the senior officer of the University of Florida's U.S. Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) program, Van Fleet also served as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team in 1923 and 1924, after assisting William G. Kline for a year. He led the Gators into national prominence with a 12–3–4 (.737) record.

From 1924 to 1927 he was stationed at Camp Galliard in the Panama Canal Zone where he commanded the 1st Battalion of the 42nd Infantry. This assignment was followed by one at the Infantry School at Fort Benning, Georgia. At Fort Benning Van Fleet served as an instructor from April 1927 to September 1928 and as a student in the Advanced Course from September 1928 to June 1929. In addition to his other duties, Van Fleet served as head coach of the post's football team. Van Fleet then returned to the University of Florida where he was the Professor of Military Science and Tactics from July 1929 to June 1933.

From July 1933 to July 1935 he was stationed at Fort Williams in Cape Elizabeth, Maine, where he served as commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 5th Infantry and also as the post's executive officer. During this assignment, he oversaw the construction of a duck pond in the northwest corner of the parade field.

Unlike the majority of his fellow officers who rose to high command in the next few years, Van Fleet was unique in the sense that he never attended either the Command and Staff College or the Army War College during his military career.

World War II
Van Fleet commanded the 8th Infantry Regiment (part of the 4th Infantry Division) for three years (July 1941 to July 1944) and led it into combat in Europe in World War II, participating in the D-Day landings on Utah Beach in June 1944. On Utah Beach Van Fleet distinguished himself by outstanding combat leadership and was awarded his first Distinguished Service Cross (DSC).

Although widely regarded by many as an outstanding officer, he was blocked from promotion because the Army Chief of Staff, General George C. Marshall, who had a tendency to forget and confuse names, erroneously confused Van Fleet with a well-known alcoholic officer with a similar name. When General Dwight D. Eisenhower, a former West Point classmate of Van Fleet's and now the Supreme Allied Commander in Western Europe, informed Marshall of his mistake, Van Fleet was soon promoted to divisional and corps command.

Following promotion to brigadier general in August 1944, Van Fleet became the Assistant Division Commander of the 2nd Infantry Division (July to September 1944) and then briefly commanded the 4th Infantry Division (September to October 1944) before assuming command of the 90th "Tough Ombres" Infantry Division (October 1944 to February 1945) and gaining a promotion to major general in November. He gained the admiration and respect of his superiors, in particular Lieutenant General George S. Patton, commander of the Third Army, for his command of the 90th.

After briefly commanding XXIII Corps, on 17 March 1945 Van Fleet replaced Major General John Millikin as commander of III Corps where Millikin served with Patton's Third Army. Van Fleet commanded III Corps through the end of the war and the occupation of Germany until returning to the United States in February 1946.

Germany and Greek Civil War
Van Fleet was reassigned to Governor's Island, New York, as commander of the 2nd Service Command before becoming the Deputy Commanding General of the 1st United States Army in June 1946.  In December 1947 he went to Frankfurt, Germany as G-3 (operations officer) of the United States European Command.

In February 1948, Van Fleet was promoted to lieutenant general and sent to Greece as the head of the Joint U.S. Military Advisory Group and executor of the "Truman Doctrine". He was instrumental in the outcome of the Greek Civil War by providing advice to the Greek government and 250 military advisers, as well as administering $400 million in military aid. The central square in the northern Greek city of Kastoria has featured a bust of Van Fleet for many years, and was replaced with a new statue as recently as 2007.

Van Fleet was commanding general of the Second United States Army from August 10, 1950, to April 11, 1951.

Korean War

On April 14, 1951, Van Fleet arrived in Korea, replacing General Matthew B. Ridgway as commander of the U.S. Eighth Army and United Nations forces. Van Fleet was then promoted to four-star general on July 31, 1951. He commanded the Eighth United States Army.

In early 1951, Van Fleet proposed an amphibious landing at Wonsan, behind communist lines. The political fallout of MacArthur's removal, however, persuaded Ridgway to veto the plan.

Van Fleet played a significant role in reorganizing the Republic of Korea Army and reestablishing the Korea Military Academy (KMA), which is now considered the top military academy in the country. For the KMA took inspiration from his experiences, and said he wished to do for the Republic of Korea (ROK) army "the same as we did for the Greek divisions".

In October 1951, the ROK Army Chief of Staff proposed an academy with a four-year course modeled after West Point. They created a temporary site for this school at Jinhae-gu, and appointed three West Point graduates to oversee the program. They held an opening ceremony on January 20, 1952. The KMA was very popular among South Koreans, with ROK Army Chief of Staff Lee Jong-chan writing:The Korean Defense Ministry called Van Fleet the "father of the Korean Army" in 2015 for his contributions to the KMA and elsewhere. A statue of Van Fleet was erected on the KMA campus on 31 March 1960 to honor his contributions towards the academy.

In April 1952, Van Fleet's son died while piloting a B-26 bomber over Haeju.

Activities after the Korean War
Van Fleet commanded the 8th Army until February 11, 1953, when he was relieved by General Maxwell Taylor. Before he left Korea, during a January 29, 1953 speech on the steps of the Korean Capitol Building, Van Fleet said, "I shall come back. You have made me a part of you. I know you are a part of me. I shall not ask you to give me back my heart. I leave it with you."

He retired from the Army at the end of March at the age of 61.

He appeared on the July 26, 1953, episode of What's My Line?

Van Fleet made significant efforts to fundraise and advocate for Korea-US ties after the war. He was chairman of the American-Korean Foundation (AFK) in the 1950s. And in 1957, Van Fleet was one of five signers of the Certificate of Incorporation of The Korea Society, the first nonprofit organization in the United States dedicated to the promotion of friendly relations between the peoples of the United States and Korea.

In May 1962, he was invited by ROK President Park Chung Hee to visit Korea again. He returned to the US on June 1, 1962, and gave a speech called "The Miracle on the Han", in which he said:

Death
Van Fleet died in his sleep on his ranch outside Polk City, Florida, on September 23, 1992, six months after his 100th birthday that March. He was the oldest living general officer in the United States at the time of his death. Van Fleet and his wife Helen are buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Buried with them is Van Fleet's second wife, Virginia, who died in 1986.

Legacy
At the time of his retirement from active duty on March 31, 1953, former President Harry S. Truman said, "You want to know about a great general? There's Van Fleet. I sent him to Greece and he won that war. I sent him to Korea and he won that war. He's the greatest general we ever had." Van Fleet then allegedly replied "Well actually Mr. President you never quite let me finish that last one".

Van Fleet was the recipient of three Distinguished Service Crosses, three Silver Stars, three Bronze Stars, three Purple Hearts for wounds received in combat, and his most prized decoration—the Combat Infantryman's Badge (CIB) of the common foot soldier.

Shortly after his death, The Korea Society established the annual James A. Van Fleet Award to recognize people who have made significant contributions to US-Korea ties.

The University of Florida presented Van Fleet an honorary doctorate in 1946, and the university's military sciences building, which houses the U.S. Air Force, Army and Navy ROTC programs, is named Van Fleet Hall. He was inducted into the University of Florida Athletic Hall of Fame as an "honorary letter winner" in 1971. In 1998, a panel of Florida historians and other consultants named Van Fleet one of the fifty most important Floridians of the 20th century. The General James A. Van Fleet State Trail, running from Polk City to Mabel, Florida, is also named in his honor.

Van Fleet's estate donated his papers to the George C. Marshall Foundation. His papers are the second largest collection of papers held by the foundation, after those of General Marshall.

A statue honoring him was erected at the central square of the Greek city of Kastoria, which was the location of his advanced command post during the Greek Civil War. There is also a statue honoring him at the grounds of Korean Military Academy, in recognition of his support for the South Korean Army during the Korean War.

In June 2015, the ROK issued a stamp to honor in Van Fleet's honor. In Fall 2015, the ROK Ministry of Defense awarded him the Paik Sun Yup ROK-US Alliance Award.

Personal life
Van Fleet and his wife, Helen Moore Van Fleet, had three children, eight grandchildren, and twelve great-grandchildren. His only son, James Alward Van Fleet Jr., died during the Korean War.

Van Fleet was also an art collector and donated many rare and exceptional Asian objects to the Samuel P. Harn Museum of Art.

Awards and decorations
Van Fleet's military awards include:

Van Fleet also received the following foreign decorations:
  Grand Cross of the Order of the Phoenix (Greece)
 Distinguished Medal of Honor (Greece)
  Grand Commander of the Order of George I (Greece)
  Order of Diplomatic Service Merit with gold star (Korea)
  Order of the Lion and the Sun, grade 1 (Iran)
  Distinguished Service Order (United Kingdom)
  Legion of Honor (France)
  Croix de Guerre with palm (France)
  Croix de Guerre with palm (Belgium)
  Grand Cross of the Order of Orange Nassau with swords (Netherlands)
  Order of Boyaca (Colombia)

Also decorations from the following countries:
 Ethiopia
 Thailand
 Philippines
 Republic of China

Promotions

Head coaching record

See also
 List of United States Military Academy alumni
 List of University of Florida faculty and administrators
 List of University of Florida honorary degree recipients
 List of University of Florida Athletic Hall of Fame members

Notes

References

Bibliography
 2012 Florida Football Media Guide, University Athletic Association, Gainesville, Florida (2012).
 Braim, Paul F., Will to Win: The Life of General James A. Van Fleet, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, Maryland (2001).
 Bruce, Robert B., "Tethered Eagle: Lt-General James A. Van Fleet and the Quest for Military Victory in the Korean War, April – June 1951," Army History 82 (Winter 2012).
 Carlson, Norm, University of Florida Football Vault: The History of the Florida Gators, Whitman Publishing, LLC, Atlanta, Georgia (2007).  .
 Golenbock, Peter, Go Gators!  An Oral History of Florida's Pursuit of Gridiron Glory, Legends Publishing, LLC, St. Petersburg, Florida (2002).  .
 McCarthy, Kevin M., Fightin' Gators: A History of University of Florida Football, Arcadia Publishing, Mount Pleasant, South Carolina (2000).  .
 McEwen, Tom, The Gators: A Story of Florida Football, The Strode Publishers, Huntsville, Alabama (1974).  .
 Nash, Noel, ed., The Gainesville Sun Presents The Greatest Moments in Florida Gators Football, Sports Publishing, Inc., Champaign, Illinois (1998).  .
 Proctor, Samuel, & Wright Langley, Gator History: A Pictorial History of the University of Florida, South Star Publishing Company, Gainesville, Florida (1986).

External links

 Korean Art: Collecting Treasures, online exhibition featuring Korean objects from the Van Fleet Collection at the Harn Museum of Art
 James Van Fleet Digital Collection from the George A. Smathers Libraries, University of Florida
 James Alward Van Fleet

 Arlington National Cemetery
Generals of World War II
United States Army Officers 1939–1945

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1892 births
1992 deaths
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United States Army personnel of the Korean War
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James Van Fleet