Vaginal Davis (born in Los Angeles, California) is an American performing artist, painter, independent curator, composer, filmmaker and writer. Born intersex and raised in South Central, Los Angeles, Davis gained notoriety in New York during the 1980s, where she inspired the Bushwick neighborhood of Brooklyn's prevalent drag scene as a genderqueer artist. She currently resides in Berlin, Germany.

Early life
Growing up, Davis lived with her mother, originally from Louisiana, and four older sisters. Her mother was Black Creole, her father was of Mexican and Jewish descent,<ref>{{Cite news|last=Boshier|first=Rosa|date=2020-08-03|title=We Paid For This Town": The Legacy of Chicanx Punk in LA|url=https://hyperallergic.com/579836/we-paid-for-this-town-the-legacy-of-chicanx-punk-in-la/|access-date=2020-08-07|website=Hyperallergic|language=en-US}}</ref> and her grandfather was of German descent, with Davis stating that she was born in Wannsee and the "black sheep" of the von Hohenzollern dynasty. Davis' mother was a revolutionary feminist and community activist in the South Central area, and planted food gardens in vacant lots to help feed the homeless, impoverished, and marginalized peoples of the area. As a young child in the Los Angeles public education system, Davis was accepted into a program for gifted students, where she was first exposed to and developed a love of theater and opera. At age 7, Davis saw Mozart's The Magic Flute on a school trip to the opera, and credits this experience as a catalyst for her development as a drag queen.

 Career
Davis' name pays homage to activist Angela Davis, and considers Davis' involvement with the Black Panther Party and activism as a whole to be one of her biggest inspirations, explaining, "They came into the schools, they had guns, and they took over. They were teaching us all these revolutionary songs and chants and what not. At that time, when Angela Davis was the most wanted woman in America, I was just fixated with that image of her. By the late '70s I had decided I sort of wanted to sexualize her name and become her, more or less. So I started in the late '70s calling myself Vaginal Davis. I started to perform– or tried to perform– at these gay clubs in Los Angeles, in Hollywood. The people in these clubs, they would look at me and say, 'Vaginal Davis? Well who are you supposed to be?' And I said, 'Well, Angela Davis– it's a homage to that.' And they'd say, 'Well who's that?' They didn't know who Angela Davis was."

Vaginal Davis is one of the founders of the homo-core punk movement. She chooses to exploit herself to engage in rude provocations and "gender-fucking." As a self-labeled "sexual repulsive", she is an icon of the disruptive performance aesthetic known as terrorist drag.

1970–1989: Career beginnings
Vaginal Davis' band the Afro Sisters released their first seven-inch EP Indigo, Sassafras & Molasses, produced by Geza X with Amoeba Records in 1978. The Afro Sisters opened for the Smiths on their first American tour, as well as the Happy Mondays.

Vaginal Davis is often associated with the formation of the Queercore zine movement. From 1982 to 1991, she self-published the zine Fertile La Toyah Jackson, focused on the imaginary adventures of a skateboarding, pregnant Jackson, and hailed by The Advocate critic Adam Block as "A veritable John Waters film of a skinny 'zine." Bruce LaBruce described the zine as "an underground rag that featured SoCal punk scene gossip, photos of hot Huntington Beach surfers and wistful musings by Miss Davis themself." Through Davis' job at UCLA's Placement & Career Planning Center, she was allowed free access to a Xerox machine to publish the zine. Davis went on to develop the zine into a series of videos titled Fertile LaToyah Jackson Video Magazine, Volume 1 and 2.

1989–1999: Bands
Davis was well known for her  band ¡Cholita! The Female Menudo, where she assumed the persona of a 13-and-a-half year old Latina named Graciela. Band mates included longtime collaborator Alice Bag as Sad Girl and Fertile LaToyah Jackson as Guadalupe, ages 16 and 12-and-a half respectively.

In 1989, Davis formed the speed metal thrash band Pedro, Muriel, and Esther (PME) with Glen Meadmore. In PME, Davis performs as Clarence, "a white-supremacist militia-man from Idaho complete with ZZ Top beard." Davis had previously sung backup vocals for Meadmore, with RuPaul. PME disbanded after releasing a four-song EP on Amoeba records.

Davis formed the band Black Fag in 1992 with Bibbe Hansen. Through the persona Rayvn Cymone McFarlane, Davis parodied the LA alternative scene, while engaging in performative actions such as spraying the audience with milk from her bra. Black Fag's album Passover Satyr was released by Dischord Records that same year and was produced by Sonic Youth's Kim Gordon. The band's 1995 album 11 Harrow House was produced by Hansen's son Beck.

In 1995, Pedro, Muriel, and Esther reunited for a performance at the Queercore '95 festival in Chicago. The band later released their first full-length album The White to Be Angry, produced by Steve Albini in 1998 on Spectra Sonic Records.

2000–2009: Move to Germany
In Los Angeles, Davis has hosted and DJ'd a range of performance and music events, one of the most prominent being "Bricktops" (2002–2005), a weekly salon/speak-easy inspired by vaudevillian Ada "Bricktop" Smith. they also hosted and DJed a Sunday afternoon music event called "Sucker" (1994–2000). Davis and artist Ron Athey curated and hosted GIMP (2000–2001), a monthly night of performance art.

In 2006, Vaginal Davis moved from Los Angeles to Berlin, Germany.

In 2009, Pedro, Muriel and Esther reunited in a 20th-anniversary show presented in New York City by Participant Inc. as part of Performa 09.

2010–present: Performance, visual art, and teaching
Davis' performance piece "Speaking from the Diaphragm" ran from May 15 to 27, 2010, at Performance Space 122. The show parodied television talk shows and featured interviews by Carole Pope, Jamie Stewart, Joel Gibb, and Glen Meadmore and was co-hosted by Carmelita Tropicana and Jennifer Miller.

In January 2012 Davis participated in the J. Paul Getty's "Pacific Standard Time Performance Festival, with "My Pussy Is Still in Los Angeles (I Only Live in Berlin)" at Southwestern Law School, Louis XVI-style Tea Room (originally Bullocks Wilshire Department Store). April 2012, Davis debuted live her band Tenderloin as part of the festival "Camp/Anti-Camp: A Queer Guide to Everyday Life" at Hebbel am Ufer. Tenderloin's line-up consisted of Felix Knoke, Jan Klesse, Joel Gibb, and Vaginal Davis performing under the alias "Dagmar Hofpfisterei.". In August 2012 the band was invited by curator Anthony Hegarty to perform at this year's Meltdown Festival at the Southbank Centre in London  with Kembra Pfahler and the Voluptuous Horror of Karen Black. After the performances Tenderloin released the music video for "The Golden One" that featured drag queen the Goddess Bunny and was directed by Glen Meadmore.

From November 9 to December 16, 2012, Davis opened her first major solo exhibition of solely visual art (as opposed to performance art), titled "HAG – small, contemporary, haggard" at the Participant Inc. in New York. The name of the show is based on the gallery that Davis hosted in her Los Angeles apartment from 1982–89.

Davis has traveled to various universities and educational institutions to give lectures on her life experiences, including a talk on youth hosteling at New York University's Performance Studies complex in November 2015 with German actress and friend Susanne Sachsse. From December 1 to 5 of the same year, Davis teamed with avant-garde music group Xiu Xiu when they composed the score for her radical re-imagining of Mozart's opera The Magic Flute, performed at the 80WSE Gallery at the NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development, in partnership with Berlin's CHEAP Kollectiv.

In mid-October 2016, Davis was a keynote speaker at the Creative Time Summit in Washington, D.C., a conference on art and social issues which featured workshops and speeches on topics ranging from the Black Lives Matter movement to electoral politics.

Artistry
Davis has been accepted as an artist in the queer community more recently, but "the gay world [only] became more open to what [she] did after [she] established [her]self outside of the gay world." For many years, Davis felt as though she was "too gay for the punk scene and too punk for the gay."

José Esteban Muñoz has identified Davis as a progenitor of "terrorist drag," for Davis was neither "glamour" like New York performers Candis Cayne and Girlina, nor "clown" (camp) like drag queens Varla Jean Merman and Lady Bunny. According to Davis, "I wasn't really trying to alter myself to look like a real woman. I didn't wear false eyelashes or fake breasts. It wasn't about the real-ness of traditional drag – the perfect flawless makeup. I just put on a little lipstick, a little eyeshadow and a wig and went there." Davis has several drag personas, including Princess Sellica the Sensual Psychic, R&B legend Lestar Vartan and Lieutenant Vaginal Davis of the Sexualese Liberation Front. Dominic Johnson of Frieze said, "Ms Davis consistently refuses to ease conservative tactics within gay and black politics, employing punk music, invented biography, insults, self-mockery, and repeated incitements to group sexual revolt." Davis has been critical of the co-optation of African, Hispanic, and LGBT culture by the mainstream.

Davis' performances are also, according to journalist Ali Fitzgerald, "giddy, satirical stabs at the old-world order, leveling criticism at white privilege and the patriarchy with nuanced wit and game-show-style camp. The Vaginal Davis persona is a complex mixture of queercore punk antics and MGM studio glamour, reflecting Davis' socially engaged and aesthetically consistent interests." She was also a muse to German choreographer Pina Bausch, as well as fashion designer Rick Owens and photographer Catherine Opie. Jamie Stewart of Xiu Xiu also stated that "I am bi and found artists that were androgynous hit me hard – Peter Murphy, David Bowie, Morrissey. But there was a drag queen named Vaginal Davis that changed my life. I had no idea you could be punk and a drag queen and ultra intense and insane and hot and brilliant all at the same time."

Davis also claims, in a 2015 interview with Bedford and Brooklyns Nicole Disser, that much of her artwork and performances are inspired by her late mother's artistic ability, stating, "I'm so intertwined with my mother. My whole career as an artist, and all of my visual art, is basically co-opting my mother. My mother didn't consider herself an artist, she just made stuff. Looking back to the things that she did, they were installations, assemblages – things in the art world that have proper names to them – she was doing this way back then. If I get any notice for any of my artworks or any of my performances, it's because I just copied my mother."

In 2018, Davis was awarded $10,000 U.S. Dollars for receiving the Sustained Achievement Award from the non-profit organization Queer|Art, which offers support and mentorship to LGBTQIA+ identifying artists.

 Personal life
Davis has kept her exact birth year, as well as the name she was given at birth, private.

Discography
The Afro Sisters
 Indigo, Sassafras & Molasses (1978)
 Maxis on Melrose (1980)
 So Black I'm Blue (1981)
 Too Black, Too Strong (1982)
 Shoulder Pads, Maxi Pads (1983)
 Magnificent Product (1984)
 Armed & Extremely Dangerous (1985)
 Wet Lesbian (1986)

Black Fag
 Parerga y Paralipomena (1992)
 Atlas Shrugged (1993)
 Passover Satyr (1994)
 11 Harrow House (1995)

¡Cholita! The Female Menudo
 ¡No Controles! (1987)
 Chicas De Hoy (1989)
 ¡Cholita! (1996)

Pedro, Muriel & Esther
 PME (1991)
 The White to Be Angry (1998)

Solo
 Small Whyte House (Vaginal Davis and Robespierre) (1994)

Other appearances

Filmography
Film

Television

Zine-ography
 Dowager (1972-1975)
 Crude (1976-1980)
 Fertile La Toya Jackson (1982-1991)
 Shrimp (1993)
 Yes, Ms. Davis (1994)
 Sucker (1995-1997)
 Dragazine (1997)

Other
Davis's name appears in the lyrics of the Le Tigre song "Hot Topic."

References

Sources
 José Muñoz, Disidentifications: Queers of Color and the Performance of Politics (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1999)
 Jennifer Doyle, Sex Objects: Art and the Dialectics of Desire'' (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006).

External links

 The Zines of Vaginal Davis
 The Cholita! Page
 The Cholita! Family Tree, compiled by Ms. Davis
 Vaginal Davis in The Lollipop Generation
 Bruce LaBruce essay on Davis

1959 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
African-American drag queens
African-American film directors
American film directors
American experimental filmmakers
American punk rock singers
American drag queens
American expatriates in Germany
Intersex non-binary people
Intersex writers
African-American LGBT people
LGBT people from California
American LGBT singers
Living people
Performance art in Los Angeles
Queercore musicians
Non-binary drag performers
American non-binary artists
American non-binary writers
American non-binary musicians
Non-binary singers
21st-century African-American people
20th-century African-American people
Intersex musicians

Vaginal Davis


Nina Janković (en serbio, Нина Јанковић; Šabac, 20 de abril de 1988) es una actriz serbia que se hizo conocida por la famosa película de Dragan Bjelogrlić (Драган Бјелогрлић) Montevideo: que Dios te bendiga! (Монтевидео, Бог те видео!)

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Actrices de Serbia
Nacidos en Šabac

Nina Janković


Mansfield Town Football Club er en professionel fodboldklub baseret i byen Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England. Holdet konkurrerer i , den bedste række i det engelske fodboldligaasystem. De bliver kaldt 'The Stags', og de spiller i et kongeblå og ravfarvet spillesæt. Siden 1919 har Mansfield spillet på Field Mill, som nu er et stadion kun med siddepladser, med en kapacitet på 9.186. Deres største rivaler er Chesterfield og Notts County .

Klubben blev dannet i 1897 som Mansfield Wesleyans og kom ind i Mansfield & District Amateur League i 1902, før man skiftede navn til Mansfield Wesley og blev medlem af Notts & District League i 1906. De blev til sidst Mansfield Town i 1910 og flyttede fra Notts & Derbyshire League til Central Alliance året efter. Som Alliance-mestre i 1919-20, kom de til Midland League i 1921 og vandt liga ved tre lejligheder - 1923-24, 1924-25 og 1928-29 - før de blev optaget i fodboldligaen i 1931. De rykkede ud af den tredje division i 1960, men rykkede ud af fjerde division i 1962-63, hvor de forblev i ni sæsoner indtil deres nedrykning i 1972. De nåede anden division for første gang efter at have vundet fjerde division i 1974-75 og tredje division i 1976-77, for kun at rykke ned igen to gange på tre sæsoner.

Spillere

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Mansfield Town FC på BBC Sport : Club nyheder - Seneste resultater og inventar
 Mansfield Town officielle hjemmeside
 Independent Supporters Website
 Officielt websted for Stags Supporters Association

Fodboldklubber i England
Etableret i 1897
Pages with unreviewed translations

Mansfield Town F.C.


Gordon Gallup ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Gordon Gallup (Chemiker) (Gordon A. Gallup; * 1927), amerikanischer Physikalischer Chemiker
 Gordon Gallup (Psychologe) (Gordon Graham Gallup, Jr.; * 1941), amerikanischer Psychologe

Gordon Gallup


Konstantas ist ein litauischer männlicher Vorname, abgekürzt von Konstantinas, abgeleitet von Konstantin.

Namensträger
 Konstantas Bražėnas (1894–1933), litauischer Politiker
 Konstantas Ramelis (* 1938), litauischer Richter und Politiker

Männlicher Vorname
Litauischer Vorname

Konstantas (Vorname)


Horst Ludwig Meyer (Villingen-Schwenningen, Alemania, 18 de febrero de 1956 - Viena, Austria, 15 de septiembre de 1999) fue miembro de la tercera y última generación del grupo terrorista Fracción del Ejército Rojo (RAF).

Biografía
Meyer realizó estudios de Ingeniería eléctrica. Desde 1975 hasta 1979 trabajó como electricista y luego como un vendedor de quiosco.

De acuerdo con la Oficina Federal de Investigación Criminal (Bundeskriminalamt), Meyer contaba con nivel de mando en la tercera generación de la RAF. Después de 1984, él y su entonces esposa Barbara Meyer habían desaparecido sumergiéndose en la clandestinidad. Meyer es sospechoso de haber integrado el "Comando Patsy O'Hara" de la RAF, que ejecutó el 1 de febrero de 1985, a Ernst Zimmermann, Gerente de Motores y Turbinas (MTU) y Presidente de la Federación Alemana de la Aviación y el Espacio. El 9 de julio de 1986, es sospechoso de haber integrado el "Comando Mara Cagol" de la RAF que ejecutó mediante una bomba de relojería al físico Karl Heinz Beckurts y a su chófer, cuando se desplazaban en un vehículo. De acuerdo a las declaraciones de Barbara Meyer, desde 1987 se fueron temporalmente al Líbano.

En septiembre de 1999, un año después de la disolución de la RAF, Meyer se reunió con Andrea Klump en Viena, Austria. Algunos transeúntes habían denunciado a un control de la policía, a la pareja sospechosa que se encontraba hablando en una esquina. La pareja fue abordada por la policía, Meyer desenfundó un arma de fuego y desarmó a un policía, tratando de huir, sosteniendo un enfrentamiento armado donde hirió a otro policía, pero resultó muerto en el tiroteo.

Durante la Investigación policial, se pudo conocer que tanto Klump como Meyer, vivían juntos en Viena desde 1995.

Horst Ludwig Meyer fue enterrado en el cementerio de Stuttgart-Degerloch Dornhaldenstraße, en el que también está la fosa común de Andreas Baader, Jan-Carl Raspe y Gudrun Ensslin. La propia tumba es simple y tiene sólo una placa con el nombre adornado con la fecha.

Referencias

Terroristas de Alemania
Fracción del Ejército Rojo
Nacidos en Baden-Wurtemberg
Fallecidos en Viena

Horst Ludwig Meyer


كلية الأمير سلطان للإدارة كلية أهلية ربحية تأسست عام 2007 تحت اشراف وكالة التعليم الجامعي الأهلي، وهي تابعة لجامعة الفيصل إحدى مبادرات مؤسسة الملك فيصل الخيرية. تركز الكلية على تدريس علوم الإدارة والسياحة، ولها مقران رئيسيان في كلٍ من مدينة جدة ومدينة أبها. تتعاون في نشاطها التعليمي مع جامعة فرجينيا تيك بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية.

عميد الكلية هو الدكتور شكيل أحمد حبيب

البرامج الأكاديمية

التخصصات الأكاديمية لدرجة البكالوريوس

 إدارة الأعمال.
 التسويق.
 نظم المعلومات الإدارية.
 المحاسبة.
 الإدارة المالية.
 إدارة المناسبات والحج والعمرة.
 السياحة البيئية.

التخصصات الأكاديمية لدرجة الماجستير

 درجة الماجستير في إدارة الأعمال.

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 2007 في السعودية
جامعات وكليات في السعودية
هيئات تعليمية أسست في 2007

كلية الأمير سلطان للإدارة


مقلاع الهيب هوب  هو فيلم وثائقي أنتج عام 2008 من إخراج جاكي سلوم يتتبع تاريخ تطور الهيب هوب الفلسطيني منذ دايات فرقة دام في نهاية التسعينات من القرن العشرين مركزا على عدد من الفرق والمغنين، مثل PR (أي Palestinian Rapperz) و WEH Crew و MWR ومحمود شلبي والرابرات آرابيات وعبير الزيناتي.

افتتحت عروض الفيلم في مهرجان صاندانس السينمائي وعرض في مهرجان شيكاغو للفيلم الفلسطيني عام 2008.

روابط خارجية

المراجع

أفلام أمريكية في عقد 2000
أفلام أمريكية مستقلة
أفلام إنتاج 2008
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية 2008
أفلام مستقلة 2008
أفلام مستقلة فلسطينية
أفلام وثائقية 2008
أفلام وثائقية أمريكية
أفلام وثائقية فلسطينية
موسيقى فلسطينية
أفلام وثائقية عن الموسيقى والموسيقيين

مقلاع الهيب هوب


Remei Sipi Mayo née en 1952, connue également sous le nom de Tía Remei, est une écrivaine, rédactrice, éducatrice et militante équatoguinéenne basée en Espagne et spécialisée sur le genre et le développement.

Elle est connue pour son activisme dans le mouvement associatif des femmes afrodescendantes, et elle a précédemment été présidente de la Federación de Asociaciones Guineanas de Cataluña (Fédération des associations guinéennes de Catalogne).

Biographie
Remei Sipi est née en 1952 à Rebola, une ville de l'île de Bioko en Guinée équatoriale. En 1968, à l'âge de , elle s'installe à Barcelone. Elle obtient un diplôme d'éducation de la petite enfance, et se spécialise sur le genre et le développement à l'Université autonome de Barcelone.

En tant que militante, elle travaille pour défendre les femmes, les minorités ethniques et les immigrés. Elle a mis en valeur et encouragé le mouvement des femmes africaines, œuvrant pour éviter la folklorisation de leur identité lors d'événements interculturels auxquelles elles sont conviées.

Au début des années 1980, elle devient présidente de Riebapua, un collectif de membres du peuple Bubi, peuple de Guinée équatoriale en Catalogne. En 1990, elle cofonde l'association E'Waiso Ipola, qui signifie « femme, soulève-toi/réveille-toi ». Trois ans plus tard, elle devient l'une des cofondatrices de l'association espagnole des intellectuels africains Mfundi-Kupa. Elle a également lancé et dirigé Yamanjá, un réseau de femmes immigrées en Catalogne, en 2005 .

Remei Sipi Mqyo a également été présidente de la Federación de Asociaciones Guineanas de Cataluña (Fédération des associations guinéennes de Catalogne), vice-présidente du Consejo Nacional de Mujeres de Cataluña, porte-parole du secrétariat des femmes de la fédération collective des immigrés de Catalogne, et membre du Consell de la Llengua Catalana. De plus, elle a été membre du Réseau des femmes noires et des minorités ethniques en Europe, de la Plateforme de soutien aux prisonniers politiques en Guinée équatoriale et de diverses autres organisations de femmes .

En plus de son travail sur le recueil de la littérature orale et sur l'essai en général, elle a écrit plusieurs livres sur le genre et les femmes migrantes africaines. Elle est la fondatrice d'Editorial Mey, une maison d'édition spécialisée dans la littérature équato-guinéenne .

Publications
 .
.
.
.
.
 .
.
.

Bibliographie
.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Étudiant de l'université autonome de Barcelone
Femme de lettres équatoguinéenne
Naissance en 1952
Naissance en Guinée équatoriale
Militant équatoguinéen

Remei Sipi Mayo


Lane Garrison (d. 23 Mayıs 1980) Amerikalı oyuncu, Prison Break dizisinde canlandırdığı David "Tweener" Apolskis karakteriyle tanınmaktadır. 2 Aralık 2006 da kullandığı arabanın karıştığı kaza sonucu - üçü de 18 yaşın altında - bir kişinin ölümüne iki kişinin yaralanmasına yol açtığı için 31 Ekim 2007 de 40 ay hapis cezasına çarptırılmıştır. Yapılan değerlendirmelerde kanında hem yasal miktardan fazla alkol hem de kokain çıkmıştır. Hakkında taşıt kullanırken adam öldürme içkili araba kullanma, 18 yaşından küçüklere alkol sağlama suçlamalarından 6 sene 8 ay hapis cezası istenmiştir. Zaten hapis te geçirdiği 91 gün ve iyi hal göze alınarak Şubat 2008 de tahliye edilmiştir.

Filmleri

1980 doğumlular
Amerikalı erkek sinema oyuncuları
Amerikalı erkek dizi oyuncuları
Yaşayan insanlar
Teksas doğumlular

Lane Garrison


| fæðingardagur  = 30. mars 1968
| fæðingarstaður =
| dauðadagur     =
| dauðastaður    = ,
| orsök_dauða    =
| verðlaun       =
| þekkt_fyrir    =
| stjórnmálaflokkur =
| starf          = LeikstjóriHandritshöfundur
| trú            =
| maki           =
| börn           =
| foreldrar      =
| undirskrift    =
}}

Ari Alexander Ergis Magnússon (f. 30. mars 1968) er íslenskur myndlistamaður, kvikmyndaleikstjóri og handritshöfundur. Ari útskrifaðist með B.F.A.-gráðu í myndlist frá listaháskólanum Paris College of Art (þá Parsons Paris School of Design) í París í Frakkland árið 1996. Í kvikmyndum hefur Ari aðallega einbeitt sér að gerð heimildarmynda en árið 2018 kom út hans fyrsta kvikmynd í fullri lengd, Undir halastjörnu.

Kvikmyndir

 ERRÓ - norður -suður- austur- vestur (2000) (Heimildarmynd)
 Möhöguleikar (2002) (Heimildarmynd)
 Gargandi snilld (2005) (Heimildarmynd)
 She Talks Icelandic (2006) (Stuttmynd)
 Syndir feðranna (2007) (Heimildarmynd)
 Orðið tónlist: Jórunn Viðar (2008) (Heimildarmynd)
 Orðið tónlist: Magnús Blöndal Jóhannsson (2009) (Heimildarmynd)
 Imagine Peace (2010) (Heimildarmynd)
 Lítill geimfari (2011) (Stuttmynd)
 Aumingja Ísland: Sturlungaöld um aldir alda (2016) (Heimildarmynd)
 Undir halastjörnu (2018)

Tilvísanir

Tenglar

Íslenskir kvikmyndaleikstjórar
Fólk fætt árið 1968

Ari Alexander Ergis Magnússon


استراتيجية الدفع والجذب  أو استراتيجية الدفع والسحب  من أكثر الأنظمة شيوعا في سلسلة التوريد هي عمليتاوذلك تزامنا مع الازدياد في العمليات العالمية والتوسع في سلاسل التوريد. كما يستخدم مصطلح «الدفع» و«السحب» لوصف جزء من الاستراتيجية التجارية للشركة. فالمنتجين يدفعون أي منتج جديد من خلال عمليات البحث والتطوير والإنتاج والتسويق في الأسواق دون النظر هل سوف تفي بحاجات المستهلكين أم لا.
في المقابل، فإن عملية الإنتاج التي تكون على أساس نموذج الدفع التي تم تطويرها من قبل عمليات البحث والتطوير استجابة لحاجة السوق التي تم تحديدها. فسلسلة التوريد دائما تكون مزيج من الدفع والسحب معا.

تاريخ
أصل الفكرة التي بني على أساسها «نموذج الدفع Push Model» هي لجوزيف شومبيستر
Joseph Schumpeter. عثر شومبيستر أثناء عمله على العديد من العناصر المتصلة ذات الأسس والفرضيات المختلفة وتدعى ب Technology push, monopoly push and demand pull. وفي كتابه «نظريات التنمية الاقتصادية»The Theory of Economic Development قال شومبيستر بأن العملية التنموية هي نتيجة القدرة الابتكاريه لصاحب المشروع وعرضه علو وسائل جديدة للإنتاج. ولكن شومبيستر لم يوضح من أين أتى بهذا الأسلوب الجديد للتنمية، ولكن المنظمون افترضوا أنه ينظر لها من وجهة نظر اقتصاديه. ووفقا لشومبيستر ; فإن دفع نوع جديد من التكنلوجيا هو أكثر أهمية من التأقلم من الاأنماط التقليدية.
علاوة على ذلك ; فإن المنتجات المبتكرة تؤدي إلى خلق صناعات جديده لم توجد من قبل، وبالتالي فهي أكثر أهمية من الابتكارات العملية المتواجده التي تؤدي إلى زيادة الطلب فقط. (3)

مميزات
التقليل من المخاطر مع الاحتفاظ بأعلى مستوى للمخزون في حال انخفاض مستوى الأرباح وزيادة حجم المنتجات الذي يرافقه زيادة في تكلفة التخزين.في هذه الحالة سوف يتجه المستهلكين إلى خيارات أخرى متوفره في الوقت الحالي
فعلى سبيل المثال: إذا ذهب شخص إلى المتجر بنية شراء نوع من أنواع الصابون وتفاجأبانه غير متوفر
هل سوف ينتظر لحين أن توفر له هذا المنتج؟؟
في معظم الحالات فإن الجواب لا.. ومعظم المستهلكين سيقومون بشراء منتج اخر ممثال يستوفي متطلباتهم.
في هذه الحالة فإن عملية التحول من نوع إلى اخر ليس المقصود بها فقدان عملية البيع هذه وإنما قد تتسبب في تبديل دائم من قبل المستهلك لهذه العلامة التجارية وهذا هو السبب الرئيسي لاستخدام نموذج الدفع "Push Models " من قبل الشركات.
II) ميزة أخرى لنموذج الدفع وهي السيطرة والقدرة على التنبؤ لسلسة التوريد " supply Chain "، ولهذا فإن كثير من الشركات لها علاقة تاريخيه ووطيده بهذا النموذج "Push Models ".
فإذا كان الطلب على منتجات مثل الصابون (لنوع معين أو ماركه معينه) مستقرة إلى حدما، فإن عملية التصنيع والنقل تكون مبنيه على مراقبة حركة المواد وتوقفها.كذلك فإن إدارة المخزون والتحكم به تكون أسهل بكثير سواء لتلبية متطلبات منتج جديد أو تجديد منتج سابق.
III)	واخر ميزه لنموذج الدفع" Push Models " هو بحثه في وسائل النقل باعتبارها عامل اقتصادي مهم ومؤثر في حجم الأعمال فإذا كانت كل عملية نقل يتم شحنها بكميات كبيره ; فإن من المتوقع ان سعر كل وحده إنتاجيه سينخفض.
فالهدف هنا هو تخفيض تكلفة النقل والخدمات اللوجستيه لكل وحده إنتاجيه.(1)

أمثلة على ذلك
شركة ديل لأجهزة الكمبيوتر اعتمدت في سلسلة التوريد الخاصة بها على أساس مزيج من الدفع والسحب ; فمستويات المخزون من المكونات الفردية هي التي تحدد توقعات الطلب العام من الممولين أو المنتجين ولكن التجميع النهائي هو استجابة لطلب العملاء. هو تعبير عن سلسلة التوريد بمفهومها الكلاسيكي والذي تبنى فكرته على طرح المنتجات بشكل دوري ومنتظم من قبل الممولين دون أن تكون هنالك حاجه لطلب المنتج أو حصول نقص فيه.

المراجع

إدارة إستراتيجية
إدارة سلسلة الإمداد

استراتيجية الدفع والجذب


Le KNM<ref group= Note>Les navires de la Marine royale norvégienne reçoivent le préfixe KNM, acronyme de ''Kongelig Norsk Marine (en français : Marine royale norvégienne.</ref> Ula''' (numéro de coque : S300) est un sous-marin de classe Ula de la marine royale norvégienne, navire de tête de la classe.

Fabrication

Le navire a été commandé le , à Thyssen Nordseewerke à Emden, où la quille a été posée le . Il a été lancé le  et mis en service le .

Service
Lors de son entraînement en 1989, le navire a été endommagé dans une tempête.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Bibliographie
 .

Liens externes
 .
 .
 .
  : photos du KNM Ula.
 .

Voir aussi

Liens internes
 Liste des sous-marins de la Norvège

Sous-marin d'attaque conventionnel
Sous-marin de la marine royale norvégienne
Navire construit à Emden
Bateau lancé en 1988

KNM Ula (1988)


إليونور النمساوية  وأيضا إليانور القشتالية وكذلك إليونور هابسبورغ؛ (لوفان، 15 نوفمبر 1498 - تالافرويلا، 25 فبراير 1558)؛ كانت ملكة البرتغال ولاحقاً ملكة فرنسا من خلال الزواج، هي ابنة فيليب الأول ملك قشتالة وخوانا الأولى ملكة قشتالة وأراغون.

السيرة الذاتية
ولدت إليونور بعام 1498 في لوفان، بحيث أنها الابنة الكبرى لوالديها فيليب الوسيم آنذاك دوق برغونية وانفانتا خوانا القشتالية والأراغونية، أصبحوا لاحقاً ملوك قشتالة منذ 1506، ينتمي والدها إلى أسرة هابسبورغ النمساوية، وفي حين والدتها إلى أسرة تراستامارا الإسبانية، يعتبر والدها أيضًا ابن إمبراطور الروماني المقدس ماكسيميليان الأول وزوجته الأولى ماري دوقة برغونية، بينما والدتها هي ابنة الثانية لملوك الكاثوليك فرناندو الثاني ملك أراغون وإيزابيلا الأولى ملكة قشتالة، أشقائها هم إمبراطور الروماني المقدس كارل الخامس، وإمبراطور الروماني المقدس فرديناند الأول، وملكة الدنمارك إيزابيلا، وملكة المجر وبوهيميا ماري، وملكة البرتغال كاترين، سميت إليونور بذلك نسبةً جدة والدها الإمبراطورة إليونور البرتغالية.

عندما كانت طفلة حاول جدها الإمبراطور ماكسيمليان تزوجها من في المستقبل هنري الثامن ملك إنجلترا على الرغم من أنها أصبحت مخطوبة منه إلا أن مع وفاة والده الملك هنري السابع، قرر هنري الثامن بدلاً عن ذلك الزواج من خالتها كاثرين الأراغونية التي كانت أرملة شقيقه الأكبر آرثر أمير ويلز، وأيضا حاول أقاربها تزويجها من إحدى ملوك الفرنسيين لويس الثاني عشر أو فرانسوا الأول أو الملك البولندي زغمونت الأول، ولكن لم يأتِ شيء من هذه الخطط، وأيضا اقترحت للزواج من أنتوني دوق لورين في عام 1510.

في 1517 اكتشف أنها كانت على علاقة حب مع فريدرخ الثاني ناخب بالاتينات من قبل شقيقها كارل الذي عثر على رسالة حب بينهما، أجبروهم على القسم أنهم لم يتزوجوا سراً، وبعد ذلك طُرد فريدرخ من البلاط، وفي حين إليونور تبعت شقيقها كارل إلى إسبانيا وذلك لخلافة جده على العرش الإسباني.

وأخيراً بعد انهيار المفاوضات حول زواج من ابن خالتها جواو أمير البرتغال، أصبحت متزوجة من والده الأرمل مانويل الأول ملك البرتغال وذلك لتجنب أي احتمال من مساعدات البرتغالية لأي تمرد في إسبانيا، مانويل في السابق كان متزوجاً من خالاتها إيزابيلا وماريا.

تزوجت إليونور من مانويل في 16 يوليو 1518، كان لديهم ابنين فقط، ومع ذلك أصبحت أرملة في 1521 بعد وفاة زوجها من الطاعون، عادت إليونور إلى بلاط شقيقها في إسبانيا، تاركة خلفها ابنتها في البرتغال، لاحقاً شقيقتها الصغرى كاثرين ستتزوج من ريبيها جواو الثالث، وفي يوليو 1523 أصبحت مخطوبة لـ شارل الثالث دوق بوربون بعد تحالفه مع شقيقها كارل ضد فرنسا، لأن شارل كان على نزاع مع والدة الملك لويز حول بوربون والعديد من الأراضي، إلا أن الزواج لم يتم.

بعد هزيمة فرانسوا الأول ملك فرنسا في معركة بافيا (في إيطاليا حالياً) تم أسره إلى إسبانيا، واضطر على توقيع معاهدة مدريد نصت إحدى البنود على وجوب زواجها من إليونور، الذي تم في نفس العام في بلدة إييسكاس القريبة من طليطلة، ومع ذلك يتم لم يعترف فرانسوا به وخاصة بعد إطلاق سراح مشروط مقابل ابنيه فرانسوا وهنري، إلا أن بعد توقيع معاهدة السيدات (بالنسبة إلى والدته لويز السافوية وعمتها الأرشيدوقة مارغريت) في 1529 أصبح الزواج حقيقة التي عُقد في 32 مارس من عام 1530 بـ توريلاجونا، وبذلك غادرت إليونور مع أبناء الملك من إسبانيا إلى فوينتيرابيا الحدودية مقابل أربعة أطنان من الذهب، ومع ذلك لم يرجع فرانسوا دوقية برغونية إلى كارل حسب شروط معاهدة مدريد، على الرغم من أنها توّجت في كاتدرائية سانت دينس في 31 مايو 1531، إلا أن فرانسوا سرعان ما بدأ في تجاهلها مفضلاً عشيقاته عليها، بحيث كان يحتقرها ويرفضها، لاحقاً أصبحت مصابة بـ داء الفيلة وهو مرض يؤدي انتفاخ وتشويه في الساقين.

ومع ذلك كانت كثيراً ما تحضر في المناسبة الرسمية، وأيضا كانت حاضرة أثناء زواج الأمير هنري من كاثرين دي ميديشي في 1533، وكذلك كان على صداقة طيبة مع بنات الملك ماديلين ومارغريت، وبصفتها ملكة فرنسا القرينة لم يكن لها أية سلطة سياسية ومع ذلك تم استخدامها كوسيط بين فرنسا والإمبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة، وأيضا في 1544 خلال زيارتها إلى بروكسل التقت مع شقيقها كارل وشقيقتها ماري أرملة ملك المجر، وكذلك تفاوضت على زواج ابنتها الوحيدة ماريا البرتغالية من وريث شقيقها في المستقبل فيليب الثاني ملك إسبانيا، ومع ذلك لم يتم هذا الزواج وبدلاً من ذلك تزوج ماري تيودور التي صعدت على العرش الإنجليزي، زوجها توفي لاحقاً في 1547 بقلعة رامبوييه، لم يكن لديهم أبناء، كرمت لاحقاً بـ دوقية تورين التي كانت مهرها.

غادرت إليونور نحو بروكسل وبعد تنازل شقيقها كارل عن عروشه قرر التقاعد في دير سان جيروم دي يستي القرب من قصرش، كذلك قررت إليونور مع شقيقتها ماري مغادرة نحو إسبانيا في 1556 والعيش في خارانديلا دي لا فيرا بحيث غالباً ما يزوروا شقيقهم في الدير، وأيضا استطعت الالتقاء مع ابنتها بعد فراق دام لثمانية وعشرون عاماً، ومع ذلك لم تمكن من العيش معها لفترة طويلة، وهو ما أدى إلى شعور بحرج كبير إلى أن توفيت في 29 فبراير 1558 عن عمر يناهز تسعة والخمسون عاماً، دفنت أولاً في كاتدرائية لاردة، ثم أُعيد دفنها في الإسكوريال بجناح البانثيون إنفانتون.

النسب

مراجع

أرشيدوقات النمسا
أشخاص فرنسيون في القرن 15
أشخاص فرنسيون في القرن 16
إسبان في القرن 15
إسبان في القرن 16
إسبان من أصل نمساوي
إسبانيات في القرن 15
إنفنتيات أرجونيات
إنفنتيات إسبان
إنفنتيات قشتاليات
برتغاليات في القرن 15
برتغاليات في القرن 16
برتغاليون في القرن 16
بلجيكيون من أصل إسباني
بلجيكيون من أصل نمساوي
بنات ملوك
بيت هابسبورج في القرن 16
رومان كاثوليك نمساويون
عقيلات ملوك البرتغال
فالوا
فرانسوا الأول ملك فرنسا
فرنسيات في القرن 15
فرنسيات في القرن 16
مدفونون في بانثيون إنفانتون الإسكوريال
ملكات فرنسا القرينات
مواليد 1498
مواليد في لوفان
نمساويون من أصل إسباني
وفيات 1558
وفيات في طلبيرة
دوقات تورين

إليونور هابسبورغ


إيغال ناعور أو ييغال ناؤور (عبرية:יגאל נאור) هو ممثل إسرائيلي ينحدر من أصول يهودية عراقية من مواليد 1958م في جفعاتايم في إسرائيل. شارك إيكال في العديد من الأعمال الفنية آخره تمثيله دور صدام حسين في المسلسل الدرامي بيت صدام التي بث على قناة البي بي سي البريطانية في عام 2008م.
كما لعب دور الجنرال محمد الراوي، أحد القادة السابقين في حزب البعث في فلم المنطقة الخضراء (فيلم)

روابط خارجية

مراجع

يهود مزراحيون إسرائيليون
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من جفعاتايم
إسرائيليون من أصل عراقي
إسرائيليون من أصل يهودي عراقي
ممثلو أفلام إسرائيليون
ممثلو تلفزيون إسرائيليون
ممثلون وممثلات إسرائيليون
مواليد 1958
مواليد في جفعاتايم
يهود إسرائيليون
يهود سفارديون
يهود مزراحيون

يغآل ناؤور


Dragan Đilas (srpska ćirilica: Драган Ђилас; Beograd, 22. veljače 1967.) srbijanski političar, poduzetnik i predsjednik Stranke slobode i pravde i gradonačelnik Beograda u razdoblju od 2008. do 2013. godine.

Od 25. studenoga 2012. do 21. svibnja 2014. godine bio je predsjednik Demokratske stranke,

U svojstvu člana Demokratske stranke bio je gradonačelnik Beograda od 2008. do 2013. i ministar bez portfelja zadužen za Nacionalni investicijski plan u Vladi Srbije tijekom 2007. i 2008., a prije toga direktor Narodnog ureda predsjednika u razdoblju od 2004. do 2007.

Izvori

Političari iz Beograda
Srbijanski političari od 1989.

Dragan Đilas


The Association of Joy er en kortfilm fra 2013 instrueret af Amanda Kernell efter manuskript af Amanda Kernell.

Handling
Charlotte og hendes mand Mads lever et godt men ensomt overklasseliv uden børn. Et uddannelsesprojekt for thailandske piger bliver vejen ud af kedsomhed og ind i velgørenhedens glans for Charlotte, og teenageren Joy bliver flyttet fra Thailand til Danmark hvor hun installeres i overklasse villaen med pool. Men Joy er ikke interesseret i Charlottes omsorg eller uddannelsestilbud og gør det meget svært for Charlotte at være det gode menneske hun så inderligt gerne vil være.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2013

The Association of Joy


Tyrone Edmund Power III (May 5, 1914 – November 15, 1958) was an American actor. From the 1930s to the 1950s, Power appeared in dozens of films, often in swashbuckler roles or romantic leads. His better-known films include Jesse James, The Mark of Zorro, Marie Antoinette, Blood and Sand, The Black Swan, Prince of Foxes, Witness for the Prosecution, The Black Rose, and Captain from Castile. Power's own favorite film among those that he starred in was Nightmare Alley.

Though largely a matinee idol in the 1930s and early 1940s and known for his striking good looks, Power starred in films in a number of genres, from drama to light comedy. In the 1950s he began placing limits on the number of films he would make in order to devote more time to theater productions. He received his biggest accolades as a stage actor in John Brown's Body and Mister Roberts. Power died from a heart attack at the age  In 1970, his older daughter Romina Power married Italian music legend Al Bano with whom she created a pop duet which has achieved tremendous, worldwide popularity.

Family background and early life
Power was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1914, the son of Helen Emma "Patia" (née Reaume) and the English-born American stage and screen actor Tyrone Power Sr., often known by his first name "Fred". Power was descended from a long Irish theatrical line going back to his great-grandfather, the Irish actor and comedian Tyrone Power (1797–1841). Tyrone Power's sister, Ann Power, was born in 1915, after the family moved to California.  His mother was Roman Catholic, and her ancestry included the French-Canadian Reaume family and French from Alsace-Lorraine. Through his paternal great-grandmother, Anne Gilbert, Power was related to the actor Laurence Olivier; through his paternal grandmother, stage actress Ethel Lavenu, he was related by marriage to author Evelyn Waugh; and through his father's first cousin, Norah Emily Gorman Power, he was related to the theatrical director Sir (William) Tyrone Guthrie, the first Director of the Stratford Festival in Canada; and the Guthrie Theater in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Power went to Cincinnati-area Catholic schools and graduated from Purcell High School in 1931.  Upon his graduation, he opted to join his father to learn what he could about acting from one of the stage's most respected actors.

Early career

1930s

Power joined his father for the summer of 1931, after being separated from him for some years due to his parents' divorce. His father suffered a heart attack in December 1931, dying in his son's arms, while preparing to perform in The Miracle Man. Tyrone Power Jr., as he was then known, decided to continue pursuing an acting career. He tried to find work as an actor, and, while many contacts knew his father well, they offered praise for his father but no work for his son. He appeared in a bit part in 1932 in Tom Brown of  Culver, a movie starring actor Tom Brown. Power's experience in that movie did not open any other doors, however, and, except for what amounted to little more than a job as an extra in Flirtation Walk, he found himself frozen out of the movies but making some appearances in community theater. Discouraged, he took the advice of a friend, Arthur Caesar, to go to New York to gain experience as a stage actor. Among the Broadway plays in which he was cast are Flowers of the Forest, Saint Joan, and Romeo and Juliet.

Power went to Hollywood in 1936. The director Henry King was impressed with his looks and poise, and he insisted that Power be tested for the lead role in Lloyd's of London, a role thought already to belong to Don Ameche. Despite his own reservations, Darryl F. Zanuck decided to give Power the role, once King and Fox film editor Barbara McLean convinced him that Power had a greater screen presence than Ameche. Power was billed fourth in the movie but he had by far the most screen time of any member of the cast. He walked into the premiere of the movie an unknown and he walked out a star, which he remained the rest of his career.

Power racked up hit after hit from 1936 until 1943, when his career was interrupted by military service. In these years he starred in romantic comedies such as Thin Ice and Day-Time Wife, in dramas such as Suez, Blood and Sand, Son of Fury: The Story of Benjamin Blake, The Rains Came and In Old Chicago; in musicals Alexander's Ragtime Band, Second Fiddle, and Rose of Washington Square; in the westerns Jesse James (1939) and Brigham Young; in the war films A Yank in the R.A.F. and This Above All; and the swashbucklers The Mark of Zorro and The Black Swan. Jesse James was a very big hit at the box office, but it did receive some criticism for fictionalizing and glamorizing the famous outlaw. The movie was shot in and around Pineville, Missouri, and was Power's first location shoot and his first Technicolor movie. (Before his career was over, he had filmed a total of 16 movies in color, including the movie he was filming when he died.) He was loaned out once, to MGM for Marie Antoinette (1938). Darryl F. Zanuck was angry that MGM used Fox's biggest star in what was, despite billing, a supporting role, and he vowed to never again loan him out, though Power's services were requested for the roles of Ashley Wilkes in Gone with the Wind, Joe Bonaparte in Golden Boy, and Parris in Kings Row; roles in several films produced by Harry Cohn; and the role of Monroe Stahr in a planned production by Norma Shearer of The Last Tycoon.

Power was named the second biggest box-office draw in 1939, surpassed only by Mickey Rooney. His box office numbers are some of the best of all time.

1940–1943

In 1940, the direction of Power's career  took a dramatic turn when his movie The Mark of Zorro was released. Power played the role of Don Diego Vega/Zorro, a fop by day, a bandit hero by night. The role had been performed by Douglas Fairbanks in the 1920 movie of the same title. The film was a hit, and 20th Century-Fox often cast Power in other swashbucklers in the years that followed. Power was a talented swordsman in real life, and the dueling scene in The Mark of Zorro is highly regarded. The great Hollywood swordsman, Basil Rathbone, who starred with him in The Mark of Zorro, commented, "Power was the most agile man with a sword I've ever faced before a camera. Tyrone could have fenced Errol Flynn into a cocked hat."

Power's career was interrupted in 1943 by military service. He reported to the United States Marine Corps for training in late 1942, but was sent back, at the request of 20th Century-Fox, to complete one more film, Crash Dive, a patriotic war movie released in 1943. He was credited in the movie as Tyrone Power, U.S.M.C.R., and the movie served as a recruiting film.

Military service
In August 1942, Power enlisted in the United States Marine Corps. He attended boot camp at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego, then Officer's Candidate School at Marine Corps Base Quantico, where he was commissioned  a second lieutenant on June 2, 1943. As he had already logged 180 solo hours as a pilot before enlisting, he was able to do a short, intense flight training program at Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas. The pass earned him his wings and a promotion to first lieutenant. The Marine Corps considered Power over the age limit for active combat flying, so he volunteered for piloting cargo planes that he felt would get him into active combat zones.

In July 1944, Power was assigned to Marine Transport Squadron (VMR)-352 as a R5C (Navy version of Army Curtiss Commando C-46) transport co-pilot at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina.  The squadron moved to Marine Corps Air Station El Centro in California in December 1944. Power was later reassigned to VMR-353, joining them on Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshall Islands in February 1945. From there, he flew missions carrying cargo in and wounded Marines out during the Battles of Iwo Jima (Feb-Mar 1945) and Okinawa (Apr-Jun 1945).

For his services in the Pacific War, Power was awarded the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two bronze stars, and the World War II Victory Medal.

Power returned to the United States in November 1945 and was released from active duty in January 1946. He was promoted to the rank of captain in the reserves on May 8, 1951. He remained in the reserves the rest of his life and reached the rank of major in 1957.

In the June 2001 Marine Air Transporter newsletter, Jerry Taylor, a retired Marine Corps flight instructor, recalled training Power as a Marine pilot, saying, "He was an excellent student, never forgot a procedure I showed him or anything I told him." Others who served with him have also commented on how well Power was respected by those with whom he served.

Following the war, 20th Century-Fox provided Power with a surplus DC-3 that he named The Geek  that he frequently piloted.

When Power died suddenly at age 44, he was buried with full military honors.

Post-war career

Late 1940s

Other than re-releases of his films, Power was not seen on screen again after his entry into the Marines until 1946, when he co-starred with Gene Tierney, John Payne and Anne Baxter in The Razor's Edge, an adaptation of W. Somerset Maugham's novel of the same title.

Next up for release was a movie that Power had to fight hard to make, the film noir Nightmare Alley (1947). Darryl F. Zanuck was reluctant for Power to make the movie because his handsome appearance and charming manner had been marketable assets for the studio for many years. Zanuck feared that the dark role might damage Power's image. Zanuck eventually agreed, giving Power A-list production values for what normally would be a B film. The movie was directed by Edmund Goulding, and though it was a failure at the box-office, it was one of Power's favorite roles for which he received some of the best reviews of his career. However, Zanuck continued to disapprove of his "darling boy" being seen in such a film with a downward spiral. So, he did not publicize it and removed it from release after only a few weeks insisting that it was a flop. The film was released on DVD in 2005 after years of legal issues.

Zanuck quickly released another costume-clad movie, Captain from Castile (also 1947), directed by Henry King, who directed Power in eleven movies. After making a couple of light romantic comedies reuniting him with two actresses under contract to 20th Century-Fox, That Wonderful Urge with Gene Tierney and The Luck of the Irish (both 1948) with Anne Baxter. After these films, Power once again found himself in two swashbucklers, Prince of Foxes (1949) and The Black Rose (1950).

1950s
Power was becoming increasingly dissatisfied with his costume roles, and he struggled between being a star and becoming a great actor. He was forced to take on assignments he found unappealing, such movies as American Guerrilla in the Philippines (1950) and Pony Soldier (1952). In 1950, he traveled to England to play the title role in Mister Roberts on stage at the London Coliseum, bringing in sellout crowds for twenty-three weeks.

Protesting being cast in one costume film after another, Power refused to star in Lydia Bailey with his role going to Dale Robertson; Power was placed under suspension. Power next appeared in Diplomatic Courier (1952), a cold war spy drama directed by Henry Hathaway which received very modest reviews. It took its place among several other American spy movies, released previously, with similar material.

Power's movies had been highly profitable for Fox in the past, and as an enticement to renew his contract a third time, Fox offered him the lead role in The Robe (1953). He turned it down (Richard Burton was cast instead) and on 1 November 1952, he left on a ten-week national tour with John Brown's Body, a three-person dramatic reading of Stephen Vincent Benét's narrative poem, adapted and directed by Charles Laughton, featuring Power, Judith Anderson and Raymond Massey. The tour culminated in a run of 65 shows between February and April 1953 at the New Century Theatre on Broadway. A second national tour with the show began in October 1953, this time for four months, and with Raymond Massey and Anne Baxter. In the same year, Power filmed King of The Khyber Rifles, a depiction of India in 1857, with Terry Moore and Michael Rennie.

Fox now gave Power permission to seek his own roles outside the studio, on the understanding that he would fulfill his fourteen-film commitment to them in between his other projects. He made The Mississippi Gambler (1953) for Universal-International, negotiating a deal entitling him to a percentage of the profits. He earned a million dollars from the movie. Also in 1953, actress and producer Katharine Cornell cast Power as her love interest in the play The Dark is Light Enough, a verse drama by British dramatist Christopher Fry set in Austria in 1848. Between November 1954 and April 1955, Power toured the United States and Canada in the role, ending with 12 weeks at the ANTA Theater, New York, and two weeks at the Colonial Theater, Boston. His performance in Julian Claman's A Quiet Place, staged at the National Theater, Washington, at the end of 1955 was warmly received by the critics.

Untamed (1955) was Tyrone Power's last movie made under his contract with 20th Century-Fox. The same year saw the release of The Long Gray Line, a John Ford film for Columbia Pictures. In 1956, the year Columbia released The Eddy Duchin Story, another great success for the star, he returned to England to play the rake Dick Dudgeon in a revival of Shaw's The Devil's Disciple for one week at the Opera House in Manchester, and nineteen weeks at the Winter Garden, London.

Darryl F. Zanuck, persuaded him to play the lead role in The Sun Also Rises (1957), adapted from the Hemingway novel, with Ava Gardner and Errol Flynn. This was his final film with Fox. Released that same year were Seven Waves Away (US: Abandon Ship!), shot in Great Britain, and John Ford's Rising of the Moon (narrator only), which was filmed in Ireland, both for Copa Productions.

For Power's last completed film role he was cast against type as the accused murderer Leonard Vole in the first film version of Agatha Christie's Witness for the Prosecution (1957), directed by Billy Wilder. The film was a critically well-received box-office success. Writing for the National Post in 2002, Robert Fulford commented on Power's "superb performance" as "the seedy, stop-at-nothing exploiter of women". Power returned to the stage in March 1958, to play the lead in Arnold Moss's adaptation of Shaw's 1921 play, Back to Methuselah.

Personal life

Power was one of Hollywood's most eligible bachelors until he married French actress Annabella (born Suzanne Georgette Charpentier) on July 14, 1939. Power and Annabella met on the 20th Century-Fox lot around the time they starred together in the movie Suez. Previously, he had involvements with Sonja Henie, Claire Trevor,Joan Woodbury  and Evie Abbott. In a A&E biography, Annabella said that Zanuck "could not stop Tyrone's love for me, or my love for Tyrone." To move her out of Tyrone's life, Zanuck offered Annabella films in Europe. She refused to leave. At this point, he blacklisted her.

J. Watson Webb, close friend and an editor at 20th Century-Fox, maintained in the A&E Biography that one of the reasons the marriage fell apart was Annabella's inability to give Power a son, yet, Webb said, there was no bitterness between the couple. In a March 1947 issue of Photoplay, Power was interviewed and said that he wanted a home and children, especially a son to carry on his acting legacy.

Annabella shed some light on the situation in an interview published in Movieland magazine in 1948. She said, "Our troubles began because the war started earlier for me, a French-born woman, than it did for Americans." She explained that the war clouds over Europe made her unhappy and irritable, and to get her mind off her troubles, she began accepting stage work, which often took her away from home.

"It is always difficult to put one's finger exactly on the place and time where a marriage starts to break up", she said "but I think it began then. We were terribly sad about it, both of us, but we knew we were drifting apart. I didn't think then—and I don't think now—that it was his fault, or mine." The couple tried to make their marriage work when Power returned from military service, but they were unable to do so. However, Power adopted Annabella's daughter, Anne, before he left for the service.

Following his separation from Annabella, Power entered into a love affair with Lana Turner that lasted for a couple of years. In her 1982 autobiography, Turner claimed that she became pregnant with Power's child in 1948, but chose to have an abortion.

In 1946, Power and friend Cesar Romero, accompanied by former test pilot and fellow war veteran John Jefferies as navigator, embarked on a goodwill tour throughout South America where they met, among others, Juan and Evita Peron in Argentina. On September 1, 1947, Power set out on another goodwill trip around the world, piloting his own plane, "The Geek". He flew with Bob Buck, another experienced pilot and war veteran. Buck stated in his autobiography that Power had a photographic mind, was an excellent pilot, and genuinely liked people. They flew with a crew to various locations in Europe and South Africa, often mobbed by fans when they hit the ground.

In 1948, when "The Geek" reached Rome, Power met and fell in love with Mexican actress Linda Christian. Turner claimed that the story of her dining out with Power's friend Frank Sinatra was leaked to Power and that Power became very upset that she was "dating" another man in his absence. Turner also claimed that it could not have been a coincidence that Linda Christian was at the same hotel as Tyrone Power and implied that Christian had obtained Power's itinerary from 20th Century-Fox.

Power and Christian were married on January 27, 1949, in the Church of Santa Francesca Romana, with an estimated 8,000 to 10,000 screaming fans outside. Christian miscarried three times before giving birth to a baby girl, Romina Francesca Power, on October 2, 1951. A second daughter, Taryn Stephanie Power, was born on September 13, 1953. Around the time of Taryn's birth, the marriage was becoming rocky. In her autobiography, Christian blamed the breakup of her marriage on her husband's extramarital affairs, including a long involvement with Anita Ekberg, but she acknowledged that she had an affair with Edmund Purdom, which created great tension between Christian and her husband. They divorced in 1955.

After his divorce from Christian, Power had a long-lasting love affair with Mai Zetterling, whom he had met on the set of Abandon Ship!. The two lived together, though Power vowed that he would never marry again, because he had been twice burned financially by his previous marriages. He also entered into an affair with a Vogue editor, Mary Roblee, and British actress Thelma Ruby.

In 1957, he met the former Deborah Jean Smith (sometimes incorrectly referred to as Deborah Ann Montgomery), who went by her former married name, Debbie Minardos. They were married on May 7, 1958, and she became pregnant soon after with Tyrone Power Jr., the son he had always wanted.

Death

In September 1958, Power and his wife Deborah traveled to Madrid and Valdespartera, Spain to film the epic Solomon and Sheba, directed by King Vidor and costarring Gina Lollobrigida. Probably affected by hereditary heart disease, and a chain smoker who smoked three to four packs a day, Power had filmed about 75% of his scenes when he was stricken by a massive heart attack while filming a dueling scene with his frequent costar and friend George Sanders. A doctor diagnosed the cause of Power's death as "fulminant angina pectoris". Power died while being transported to the hospital in Madrid on November 15,

Power was interred at Hollywood Forever Cemetery (then known as Hollywood Cemetery) in a military service on  Henry King flew over the service; almost 20 years before, Power had flown in King's plane to the set of Jesse James in Missouri, Power's first experience with flying. Aviation became an important part of Power's life, both in the U.S. Marines and as a civilian. In the foreword to Dennis Belafonte's The Films of Tyrone Power, King wrote: "Knowing his love for flying and feeling that I had started it, I flew over his funeral procession and memorial park during his burial, and felt that he was with me."

Power was interred beside a small lake. His grave is marked with a gravestone in the form of a marble bench containing the masks of comedy and tragedy with the inscription "Good night, sweet prince." At Power's grave, Laurence Olivier read the poem "High Flight".

Power's will, filed on December 8, 1958, contained a then-unusual provision that his eyes be donated to the Estelle Doheny Eye Foundation for corneal transplantation or retinal study.

Deborah Power gave birth to a son on January 22, 1959, two months after her husband's death. She remarried within the year to producer Arthur Loew Jr.

Honors
For Power's contribution to motion pictures, he was honored in 1960 with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame that can be found at 6747 Hollywood Blvd. On the 50th anniversary of his death, Power was honored by American Cinematheque with a weekend of films and remembrances by co-stars and family as well as a memorabilia display at the Egyptian Theatre in Los Angeles from November 14–16, 2008. Also on display were the two known surviving panels from a large painted glass mural which Power and his wife had commissioned for their home, celebrating highlights of their lives and special moments in Power's career, The December 2, 1952 issue of Look Magazine had also featured this mural in a four-page spread titled "The Tyrone Powers Pose For Their Portraits".

Power is shown on the cover of The Beatles' album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band in the third row. In 2018, Power was ranked the 21st most popular male film star in history.

Filmography

Stage appearances

 Low and Behold, Pasadena Playhouse and Hollywood Music Box Theatre, CA (1933)
 Three-Cornered Moon, Lobero Theatre, Santa Barbara CA (1933)
 Flowers of the Forest, Martin Beck Theatre, NY (1935–1936)
 Romeo and Juliet, Martin Beck Theatre, NY (1935)
 Saint Joan, Martin Beck Theatre, NY (1936)
 Liliom, the Country Playhouse, Westport CT (1941)
 Mister Roberts, London Coliseum, England (1950)
 John Brown's Body, Lobero Theatre, Santa Barbara CA (1952)
 John Brown's Body, Broadway Century Theatre, NY (1952–1953)
 The Dark is Light Enough (1955)
 A Quiet Place, The Playwrights Co. (1955–1956)
 The Devil's Disciple, Winter Garden Theatre, London, England (1956)
 Back to Methuselah, Ambassador Theatre, NY (1958)

Radio appearances

References

External links

 Tyrone Power, King of 20th Century-Fox
 Tyrone Power's newsreel appearances at the Associated Press Archive
 Tyrone Power at Virtual History

1914 births
1958 deaths
Military personnel from Ohio
20th-century American male actors
20th Century Studios contract players
American male film actors
American male radio actors
United States Marine Corps personnel of World War II
American people of English descent
American people of French-Canadian descent
American people of German descent
American people of Irish descent
Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery
Male actors from Cincinnati
Power family
United States Marine Corps officers
United States Marine Corps reservists
United States Marine Corps pilots of World War II
Filmed deaths of entertainers

Tyrone Power


Leutnant (; OF-1b) este cel mai mic grad de ofițer locotenent în cadrul forțelor armate ale Germaniei (Bundeswehr), Forțelor Armate Austriece și Armatei Elveției.

Istoric
Acest substantiv german (cu sensul de "Stellvertreter", în română "adjunct") a provenit din cuvântul francez "locotenent" începând de prin jurul anului 1500. În majoritatea armatelor din țările vorbitoare de limbă germană el este cel mai mic rang de ofițer (în Marina Germană "Locotenent zur See"). În Bundeswehr rangurile de Leutnant (OF1b) și Oberleutnant (OF1a) aparțin corpului Leutnant. În alte forțe armate (cum ar fi fosta Armată Națională a Poporului) există un grad inferior: Unterleutnant (OR1c).

De pe la 1500 până la mijlocul secolului al XVII-lea denumirea de "Leutnant" a fost frecvent folosită pentru a desemna orice adjunct al unui ofițer comandant. Astfel, la nivel de armată a existat gradul de General-Leutnant (în română "general-locotenent"), la nivel de regiment a fost gradul de Oberst-Leutnant (în română "locotenent-colonel"), iar la nivelul companiei Leutnant era adjunctul unui Hauptmann (în română "căpitan").

Odată cu formarea armatelor permanente în cea de-a doua jumătate a secolului al XVII-lea, acest termen a desemnat frecvent gradul cel mai mic de ofițer.

În secolele al XVIII-lea și al XIX-lea mai mulți Leutnants au servit în funcția de comandant de pluton. În acea perioadă au fost instituite gradele de Premier-Lieutenant și Seconde-Lieutenant. Începând de la 1 ianuarie 1899, în Imperiul German, aceste grade au fost redenumite ca Oberleutnant și Leutnant.

Germania
Gradul "Leutnant" (OF1b) a fost utilizat în forțele armate germane începând din anul 1899.

Bundeswehr
În Bundeswehr deținătorul gradului de "Leutnant" (rang OF1b) va fi numit, în mod normal, în funcția de comandant de pluton. Cu toate acestea, gradul de "Leutnant" este purtat de un ofițer aflat la studii la Universitatea Forțelor Armate Federale ale Germaniei sau la o altă instituție de învățământ. Rangul "Leutnant" din Bundeswehr aparține grupului locotenenților (un grup de ofițeri de rang inferior).

Rang
În Germania Leutnant (prescurtat: Lt / uneori și: L) este denumirea celui mai mic rang de ofițer. Echivalentul său în Marina Germană (Deutsche Marine) este Leutnant zur See.

Germania Nazistă
În Germania Nazistă, în SS și Waffen-SS, gradul de SS-Untersturmführer a fost considerat a fi echivalentul celui de Leutnant (OF1b) din Armata Germană. Cu toate acestea, în SA, echivalentul gradului Leutnant a fost cel de SA-Sturmführer.

Alte țări

Austria
În Austria Leutnant (prescurtat Lt) este al doilea cel mai mic rang de ofițer. Pentru a fi promovat în acest rang OF1b ofițerii trebuie să urmeze un curs de șase luni de studii în liceu (până în August 2008 opt termeni) cu 180 ECTS puncte la Academia Militară Tereziană din Wiener Neustadt. Studiile sunt axate pe "Comandă militară și Control" (C2) și academia-absolvent absolvent de Licență.

Cariera în Miliție este structurată într-un mod diferit. Educația modulară cuprinde așa-numitul an de voluntariat (în germană: Einjährig-Freiwilliger [EF]), precum și mai multe cursuri, seminarii și exerciții cu un test final de aptitudini. După o perioadă de cinci ani este posibilă promovarea la rangul de "Leutnant".

Armata Austro-Ungară
Până în 1918 Leutnant (în maghiară: Hadnagy) era cel mai mic grad de ofișer din Armata Austro-Ungară, echivalent cu cel de Assistenz-Arzt și Leutnant-Rechnungsführer.

În misiunile ONU și în Parteneriatul pentru Pace al NATO rangul Leutnant este echivalent cu rangul de locotenent II (2Lt), NATO-Codul: OF-1b.

Referințe

Bibliografie
 Die Streitkräfte der Republik Österreich, 1918-1968, Heeresgeschichtliches Museum, Militärwissenschaftliches Institut, 1968.

Grade militare

Leutnant


Dola de Jong () a fost o scriitoare neerlandezo-americană.

Biografie
S-a născut la Arnhem, cu numele de Dorothea Rosalie de Jong, în familia lui Salomo Louis de Jong și a Lottei Rosalie Benjamin. Ea a devenit reporter la ziarul Nieuwe Arnhemsche Courant, deși se gândea să devină balerină. Când ziarul a dat faliment, s-a mutat la Amsterdam, unde a lucrat în paralel ca balerină, scriitoare și reporter, printre altele, la ziarul De Telegraaf.

De Jong a părăsit Țările de Jos în 1940 de frica invaziei naziste. Tatăl ei, mama vitregă și un frate, pe care nu i-a putut convinge să plece cu ea, au fost uciși de naziști. A plecat la Tanger, Maroc și s-a căsătorit acolo, imigrând în Statele Unite ale Americii, împreună cu soțul ei, în 1941. Mai târziu, ea a divorțat de el și, ulterior, s-a recăsătorit. Romanul ei despre refugiații de război En de akker is de wereld ("Și câmpul este lumea") (1946), inspirat de șederea ei în Maroc, i-a adus Premiul pentru literatură al orașului Amsterdam. Acest roman a fost republicat în 1979, sub titlul "The Field". Ea a devenit cetățean american în 1947. Cartea De thuiswacht (titlul englezesc The Tree and the Vine, 1954) urmărește un cuplu de lesbiene în timpul celui de-al Doilea Război Mondial și este probabil cea mai cunoscută scriere a ei în afară de romanele polițiste. A fost republicată în 1996 de către editura Feminist Press. În 1963 ea a fost nominalizată la Premiul Edgar Allan Poe pentru The House on Charlton Street și a câștigat acest premiu în 1964 pentru The Whirligig of Time. În 1970 s-a întors în Țările de Jos, dar a revenit în 1978 la New York. Cinci ani mai târziu, a absolvit studii de psihologie și literatură la Empire State College, la vârsta de 72 de ani, și a predat apoi acolo cursuri de scriere creativă. A murit în anul 2003 în localitatea Laguna Woods, California.

Cărți
 1933 - Pieter loopt een blauwtje (cu Mies Moussault), ilustrații de Co Enter
 1936 sau 1938 - Tussen huis en horizon (tradus ca Between home and horizon, 1962), ilustrații de Rie Reinderhoff
 1939 - Dans om het hart
 1939 - Gastvrouw in het groot, ilustrații de Rie Reinderhoff
 1939 - Van Klaas Vaak en zijn brave zandkaboutertjes (tradus ca Sand for the sandmen, 1946), ilustrații de Phiny Dick
 1940? - En de akker is de wereld (tradus ca And the field is the world, 1945)
 1940 sau 1942 - Knikkernik, Knakkernak en Knokkernok (tradus ca Nikkernik, Nakkernak and Nokkernok, 1942), ilustrații de Marten Toonder
 1941 - Burgemeester Jan, ilustrații de Uschi
 1943 - The level land, ilustrații de Jan Hoowij
 1946 - The picture story of Holland, ilustrații de Gerard Hordyk
 1947 - Return to the level land, ilustrații de Jane Castle
 1954 - De thuiswacht (tradus ca The tree and the vine, 1961, ISBN 0818401435, in het Nederlands herdrukt in 2017, ISBN 978-90-5936-714-2)
 1960 - By marvelous agreement (tradus ca Begin maar opnieuw, 1961)
 1962 - The house on Charlton Street (tradus ca Het geheimzinnige huis, 1962, ISBN 9021600242)
 1963 - One summer's secret (tradus ca De ander en jezelf, 1963)
 1964 - The whirligig of time (tradus ca De draaitol van de tijd, 1964)

Referințe

Nașteri în 1911
Decese în 2003
Scriitoare din secolul al XX-lea
Romanciere americane
Oameni din Arnhem

Dola de Jong


خالد بن بندر بن عبد العزيز آل سعود هو الابن الثالث للأمير بندر بن عبد العزيز آل سعود ووالدته هي الأميرة وسمية بن عبد الرحمن بن معمر. هو رئيس المخابرات السعودية سابقاً، كما كان أميراً لمنطقة الرياض من فبراير 2013 إلى مايو 2014، وكان أيضاً قائداً للقوات البرية السعودية برتبة فريق ركن.

الخبرة والمناصب العسكرية بالقوات البرية السعودية
 تخرَّج سموه من أكاديمية ساندهيرست العسكرية الملكية ببريطانيا بدرجة بكالوريس علوم عسكرية وبعدها خدم في القوات البرية الملكية السعودية وتم تعيينه برتبة ملازم ثان بمعهد سلاح المدرعات.
 عمل سموه في الكتيبة الأولى باللواء المدرع الرابع ثم ضابط عمليات في قيادة سلاح المدرعات.
 عمل مساعداً لقائد سلاح المدرعات السعودي لمدة عامين وتمت ترقيته إلى رتبة لواء ركن في 1/5/1418هـ.
 عين قائداً لسلاح المدرعات ثم نائباً لقائد القوات البرية السعودية.
 صدر مرسوماً ملكياً بتاريخ 17/6/1432هـ الموافق لـ20/5/2011 بترقيته إلى رتبة فريق ركن وتعيينه قائداً للقوات البرية السعودية.

مناصبه
 أصدر خادم الحرمين الشريفين الملك عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود القائد الأعلى لكافة القوات العسكرية أمراً ملكياً بتاريخ 17/6/1432هـ الموافق لـ20/5/2011بترقيته إلى رتبة فريق ركن وتعيينه قائداً للقوات البرية
 أصدر خادم الحرمين الشريفين الملك عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود بتاريخ 4/4/1434هـ الموافق لـ14/2/2013 أمراً ملكياً بتعيينه أميراً لمنطقة الرياض بمرتبة وزير.
 أصدر خادم الحرمين الشريفين الملك عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود بتاريخ 15/7/1435هـ أمراً ملكياً بإعفائه من منصبه وتعيينه نائباً لوزير الدفاع بمرتبة وزير.
 أصدر خادم الحرمين الشريفين الملك عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود بتاريخ 30/8/1435هـ أمراً ملكياً بإعفائه من منصبه.
 أصدر خادم الحرمين الشريفين الملك عبد الله بن عبد العزيز آل سعود بتاريخ 2/9/1435هـ أمراً ملكياً بتعيين سموه رئيساً للاستخبارات العامة بمرتبة وزير.

مؤهلاته العلمية العسكرية
 بكالوريوس في العلوم العسكرية من أكاديمية ساندهيرست العسكرية الملكية.
 ماجستير في العلوم العسكرية من كلية القيادة والأركان.
 دورات تأسيسية ضباط دروع في المملكة ودورات تأسيسية متقدمة في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية ودورات مختلفة أخرى

أسرته
 متزوج من الأميرة مشاعل بنت محمد بن سعود بن عبد الرحمن آل سعود (ابنة عمته الأميرة هيا بنت عبد العزيز آل سعود)، وله من البنات:
 الأميرة نورة. متزوجة من الأمير سلمان بن فيصل بن سلمان بن محمد بن سعود آل سعود.
 الأميرة هيا (باحثة في علم الجينات الإحصائي).
 الأميرة العنود. متزوجة من الأمير سلمان بن سعود بن سلمان بن محمد بن سعود آل سعود.
 الأميرة سارة. متزوجة من الأمير متعب بن سعود بن محمد بن عبد العزيز بن سعود آل سعود.
 الأميرة نجلاء. متزوجة من الأمير عبد الرحمن بن فيصل بن عبد الرحمن بن عبد الله آل سعود.
 الأميرة نوف. متزوجة من الأمير متعب بن مشعل بن بدر بن سعود بن عبد العزيز آل سعود.

مصادر

مراجع

آل سعود
أبناء بندر بن عبد العزيز آل سعود
أحفاد عبد العزيز آل سعود
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أمراء سعوديون
أمراء منطقة الرياض
حائزون على وسام الملك عبد العزيز
حائزون على وشاح الملك عبد العزيز
خريجو ساندهيرست
رؤساء الاستخبارات السعودية
سياسيون سعوديون في القرن 21
عسكريون سعوديون
مواليد 1370 هـ
مواليد 1951

خالد بن بندر بن عبد العزيز آل سعود


La Primera huelga general de España de 2012 fue una huelga general convocada para el jueves 29 de marzo de 2012 (29-M), por varias organizaciones sindicales españolas, entre ellas CCOO, UGT, USO, CGT, CNT, Solidaridad Obrera, Co.Bas ELA, LAB, ESK, CIG, CUT, CSI, Intersindical CSC, SOA, SAT, COS, Intersindical Canaria, FSOC, Confederación Intersindical, STC y Sindicato de Estudiantes, además de organizaciones y movimientos como el Movimiento 15-M y FACUA como protesta contra la reforma laboral de 2012 aprobada por el gobierno de Mariano Rajoy del Partido Popular. El lema fue: "Quieren acabar con todo, con los derechos laborales y sociales".

La huelga general del 29 de marzo fue la primera de las dos huelgas generales que se desarrollaron en España en 2012. El 14 de noviembre de ese mismo año se dio una segunda jornada de paro general bajo el nombre de huelga general europea.

Contexto político y social

La reforma del mercado laboral en España inició su camino en 2008, durante la crisis económica mundial, que en España se empezó a reflejar en un aumento muy pronunciado del número de desempleados, mientras que otros países de su entorno mostraban un aumento del desempleo mucho más moderado. El ejecutivo de José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero manifestó entonces la predisposición a una reforma del mercado de trabajo para flexibilizarlo, condicionado a que los agentes sociales (patronal y sindicatos) llegasen a un acuerdo.

En los dos años siguientes no se llegó a ningún acuerdo y el panorama político se volvió más delicado con, por una parte, la fuerte apreciación del euro respecto del dólar estadounidense y la crisis de Grecia; y por otra, el fuerte descenso de los ingresos públicos. El gobierno español, ante estos hechos y ante la presión de los mercados financieros internacionales, tomó medidas orientadas al control del gasto presupuestario y del déficit público. Mediante decreto ley, aprobó una reforma sustancial del mercado laboral, que fue contestada por los sindicatos con la convocatoria de una huelga general el 29 de septiembre de 2010.

El 29 de julio de 2011 Zapatero anunció la convocatoria de elecciones generales anticipadas para el 20 de noviembre del mismo año. El Partido Popular ganó las elecciones con mayoría absoluta en Congreso y Senado, y fue elegido Mariano Rajoy como nuevo presidente de gobierno. A mediados de 2011, la crisis se recrudeció y el desempleo siguió creciendo. El déficit, que seguía alto, impulsó al nuevo gobierno a tomar nuevas medidas de austeridad.

Incidencia
El consumo de energía, variable comúnmente utilizada para medir el impacto de las Huelgas, según Red Eléctrica Española descendió un 14,6% frente a lo previsto para ese día, siendo este dato ligeramente superior al 12,3% de la Huelga General de 2010.

Véase también
Huelga general europea de 2012.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Imágenes de las multitudinarias protestas que acompañaron a la huelga
 «Razones a favor y en contra del 29-M», El Periódico, 11 de marzo de 2012
 Web de #Tomalahuelga
 Portadas de los periódicos españoles los días 29 de marzo (día de la huelga) y 30 de marzo de 2012.

Huelgas generales
Huelgas en España
Protestas en España de 2011-2013

Huelga general en España del 29 de marzo de 2012


Cet article présente la discographie de The Doobie Brothers, un groupe de rock américain. Depuis sa fondation en 1970 le groupe a sorti au cours de sa carrière discographique quinze albums studio, six albums live, neuf compilations et trente-six singles.

Le groupe a vendu plus de 40 millions d'albums dans le monde.

Albums

Albums studio

Albums live

Compilations

Autres albums

Sorties non autorisées
Il y a eu plusieurs collections non autorisées tirées du même ensemble de 13 premières démos, y compris .

Singles

Autres apparences

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Discographie
Discographie de rock
Discographie d'artiste américain

Discographie des Doobie Brothers


All Dogs Go to Heaven is a 1989 animated musical fantasy comedy-drama film directed by Don Bluth and co-directed by Gary Goldman (his directorial debut) and Dan Kuenster. Set in New Orleans in 1939, it tells the story of Charlie B. Barkin (voiced by Burt Reynolds), a German Shepherd that is murdered by his former friend, Carface Carruthers (voiced by Vic Tayback). Charlie escapes from Heaven to return to Earth where his best friend, Itchy Itchiford (voiced by Dom DeLuise), still lives, in order to take revenge on Carface. Instead, he ends up befriending a young orphan girl named Anne-Marie (voiced by Judith Barsi in her final film role). In the process, Charlie learns an important lesson about kindness, friendship and love.

The film is an Irish, British and American venture, produced by Goldcrest Films and Sullivan Bluth Studios Ireland Limited. On its cinema release, it competed directly with Walt Disney Feature Animation's The Little Mermaid, released on the same day. While it did not repeat the box-office success of Sullivan Bluth's previous features, An American Tail and The Land Before Time, it was successful on home video, becoming one of the biggest-selling VHS releases ever. It was followed by a theatrical sequel, a television series, and a holiday direct-to-video film.

Plot

In 1939 New Orleans, charming but unscrupulous Charlie B. Barkin escapes from the dog pound where he was to be put down with the help of his best friend Itchy Itchiford and returns to their casino riverboat on the bayou, formerly run by Charlie himself and his business partner, Carface Caruthers. Reluctant to share the profits with Charlie, Carface had been responsible for Charlie getting committed to the pound and persuades Charlie to leave town with half of the casino's earnings. Charlie agrees, but is later intoxicated during Mardi Gras and killed by a car pushed downhill by Carface and his assistant, Killer. Charlie is automatically sent to Heaven despite not having done any good deeds in his life; a whippet angel explains to him that because dogs are inherently good and loyal, all dogs go to Heaven and are entitled to paradise. Charlie cheats death by stealing a gold pocket watch representing his life and winding it back. As Charlie descends back to Earth, the whippet angel tells him that he can never return to Heaven; when the watch stops again, he will be sent to Hell instead. However, as long as the watch continues to run, Charlie will be immortal.

After Charlie reunites with Itchy and plots revenge in the form of a rivaling business, they discover that Carface has kidnapped a young orphan girl named Anne-Marie for her ability to talk to animals, which proves helpful when betting on races. Charlie rescues her and promises to feed the poor and help her find a family. The next day at the race track, Charlie steals a wallet from a couple as they talk to Anne-Marie and become concerned by her rough appearance. Charlie and Itchy use their winnings to build a successful casino in the junkyard where they live. Anne-Marie, upon realizing that she has been used, threatens to leave. To persuade her to stay, Charlie brings pizza to a family of poor puppies and their mother, Flo, at an abandoned church. While there, Anne-Marie becomes angry at Charlie for stealing the wallet. As Charlie has a nightmare in which he is condemned to Hell, Anne-Marie returns the wallet to the couple, Kate and Harold. While they privately discuss adopting her, Charlie arrives and tricks her into leaving with him. Charlie and Anne-Marie narrowly escape an ambush by Carface and Killer and hide in an abandoned building, but the ground breaks and they fall into the lair of King Gator, a giant effeminate alligator. He and Charlie bond over a love of music and he lets them go, but Anne-Marie catches pneumonia in a process.

Carface and his thugs destroy Charlie's casino and assault Itchy. Injured, Itchy limps back to the church and confronts Charlie about his relationship with Anne-Marie, who Itchy thinks matters more than him. In his exasperation, Charlie loudly proclaims that he is using her and will eventually "dump her in an orphanage". A heartbroken Anne-Marie overhears the conversation and tearfully runs away before she is kidnapped by Carface. Charlie follows them to Carface's casino, where he is ambushed by Carface and his thugs. They fight with Charlie, inadvertently starting an oil fire that soon engulfs the whole structure. Charlie's pained howls from their bites summon King Gator, who chases down and devours Carface. In the chaos, both Anne-Marie and the watch fall into the water. Unable to rescue both at the same time, Charlie rescues Anne-Marie, places her onto some driftwood and pushes her toward safety; however, the watch stops before he can reach it, ending his life, so Killer finishes pushing her to shore, where Kate and Harold are waiting with police and medical personnel.

Sometime later, Kate and Harold adopt Anne-Marie, who has also adopted Itchy. Charlie, having sacrificed himself to save Anne-Marie, has earned back his place in Heaven, and is allowed to return in ghost form to reconcile with Anne-Marie. Leaving Itchy in her care, Charlie returns to Heaven, where, in a mid-credits scene, Carface finally arrives and takes his own watch, vowing revenge against King Gator. As the whippet angel chases him and warns against using it, Charlie assures the audience that "he'll be back".

Voice cast
 Burt Reynolds as Charlie B. Barkin, a brash German Shepherd and a former con artist. The character was designed specifically with Reynolds in mind for the role and the animators mimicked some of his mannerisms.
 Reynolds is succeeded by Charlie Sheen for All Dogs Go to Heaven 2, and Steven Weber for All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series and An All Dogs Christmas Carol. Charlie was modeled after a German Shepherd, appropriately named Burt. Burt the dog often spent time with the animators at the studio, even going with them during the studio's move to Ireland.
 Dom DeLuise as Itchy Itchiford, a paranoid, anxious but loyal Dachshund and Charlie's best friend. This was the sixth film in which DeLuise co-starred with Reynolds.
 DeLuise reprised his role in All Dogs Go to Heaven 2, the series and An All Dogs Christmas Carol.
 Judith Barsi as Anne-Marie, a 7-year-old orphan girl with the ability to talk to and understand animals. Her singing voice was performed by Lana Beeson. This was Barsi's final film role before her murder in 1988. The end credits song "Love Survives" was dedicated in her memory and her character did not appear in any subsequent media.
 Vic Tayback as Carface Carruthers, a violent, sadistic Bulldog gangster. This was Tayback's final film role before his death in 1990.
 For All Dogs Go to Heaven 2, All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series and An All Dogs Christmas Carol, Ernest Borgnine took Tayback's role.
 Charles Nelson Reilly as Killer, a misnamed, fidgety, neurotic and spectacles-wearing Schnoodle who is Carface's comic relief sidekick.
 Reilly was the second original voice actor that reprised his role in the series and An All Dogs Christmas Carol except for the sequel.
 Loni Anderson as Flo, a female Rough Collie and one of Charlie's friends.
 Melba Moore as a Whippet angel who welcomes deceased dogs into Heaven. She was named "Annabelle" in the 1996 sequel and its subsequent syndicated television series.
 Bebe Neuwirth succeeded Moore in this role.
 Ken Page as King Gator, an American alligator and voodoo witch doctor living below the streets of New Orleans.
 Rob Fuller and Earleen Carey as Kate and Harold, a kindly married couple who later become Anne-Marie's adoptive parents.
 Godfrey Quigley as Terrier, a dog that appears when Itchy tells everyone Anne-Marie is in danger.
 Anna Manahan as Stella Dallas, a horse that appears when Anne-Marie, Charlie and Itchy are at the derby. She is against the Once Upon a Wintertime Team.
 Candy Devine as Vera, a female gambling dog.
 Dan Molina (uncredited) as the hellhound in Charlie's nightmare and at the finale. It is depicted in the film as a canine analog of Devil.

Production
The earliest idea was conceived by Don Bluth after finishing work on The Secret of NIMH. The treatment was originally about a canine private eye, and one of three short stories, making up an anthology film. The character of a shaggy German Shepherd was designed specifically for Burt Reynolds. However, Bluth's first studio, Don Bluth Productions, was going through a period of financial difficulty, ultimately having to declare bankruptcy, and the idea never made it beyond rough storyboards. The concept was revived by Bluth, John Pomeroy and Gary Goldman, and rewritten by David N. Weiss, collaborating with the producers from October through December 1987. They built around the title All Dogs Go to Heaven and drew inspiration from films, such as It's a Wonderful Life, Little Miss Marker and A Guy Named Joe. The film's title came from a book read to Bluth's fourth-grade class, and he resisted suggestions to change it, stating he liked how "provocative" it sounded, and how people reacted to the title alone.

During the production of their previous feature film, Sullivan Bluth Studios had moved from Van Nuys, California, to a state-of-the-art studio facility in Dublin, Ireland, and the film was their first to begin production wholly at the Irish studio. It was also their first to be funded from sources outside of Hollywood, the previous two feature films, An American Tail and The Land Before Time, had been backed by Amblin Entertainment and Universal Pictures, and executive producers Steven Spielberg and George Lucas (for The Land Before Time only) exercised a degree of control over the content of the films, a situation Bluth found disagreeable. The studio found investment from UK-based Goldcrest Films in a US$70m deal to produce three animated feature films (though only two, Rock-a-Doodle and it, were completed under the deal). The three founding members of the studio, Bluth, Pomeroy, and Goldman, had all moved to Ireland to set up the new facility, but during the film's production, John Pomeroy returned to the U.S. to head up a satellite studio which provided some of the animation for the film. Pomeroy also used his presence in the U.S. to generate early publicity for the film, including a presentation at the 1987 San Diego Comic-Con.

The film's lead voices, Burt Reynolds and Dom DeLuise, had previously appeared together in five films. For this one, they requested them to record their parts in the studio together (in American animation, actors more commonly record their parts solo). Bluth agreed and allowed the duo to ad-lib extensively; Bluth later commented that "their ad-libs were often better than the original script", but Reynolds was more complimentary of the draft, warmly quipping, "Great script, kid", as he left the studio. Another pair of voices, those of Carface and Killer (Vic Tayback and Charles Nelson Reilly, respectively), also recorded together. Loni Anderson, who voices Flo, was Reynolds' then-wife. Child actress Judith Barsi, who voiced Ducky in Bluth's previous film The Land Before Time, was selected to voice Anne-Marie; she was killed in an apparent murder-suicide over a year before All Dogs was released.

As production neared completion, the studio held test screenings and decided that some scenes were too intense for younger viewers. Pomeroy decided to shorten Charlie's nightmare about being condemned. Goldman also agreed to the cut, recognizing that the concession needed to be made in the name of commercial appeal. Bluth owned a private 35-mm print with the excised scenes and planned to convince Goldcrest on releasing a director's cut after returning from Ireland in the mid-1990s, but the print was eventually stolen from Bluth's locked storage room, diminishing hopes of this version being released on home media.

Music

The music for All Dogs Go to Heaven was composed by Ralph Burns with lyrics by Charles Strouse, T.J. Kuenster, Joel Hirschhorn, and Al Kasha. An official soundtrack was released on July 1, 1989, by Curb Records on audio cassette and CD featuring 13 tracks, including seven vocal songs performed by various cast members. The track "Let Me Be Surprised" contains a swear word in a dialogue cut from the final product. "Love Survives", the end credits song and overall theme, was dedicated to Anne-Marie's voice actress Judith Barsi, who was shot by her father, József, along with her mother, Maria, before the film's release on July 25, 1988.

Songs
Original songs performed in the film include:

Reception and legacy

Critical response
All Dogs Go to Heaven received mostly mixed reviews, maintaining a 44% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 18 reviews, and a 50 out of 100 score from Metacritic. Reviewers often drew unfavorable comparisons to The Little Mermaid, criticizing the disjointed narrative, the quality of the animation, and the songs by Charlie Strouse and T.J. Kuenster. The film received a "thumbs down" from Gene Siskel and a "thumbs up" from Roger Ebert on a 1989 episode of their television program At the Movies. While Siskel found it to be "surprisingly weak" given director Don Bluth's previous works, largely due to its "confusing story" and "needlessly violent" scenes, Ebert was a huge fan of the film's "rubbery and kind of flexible" animation, stating that it was a good film despite not being an "animated classic".

Some also found the darker subject material objectionable in a family film, given the film's depictions of death, violence, theft, drinking, smoking, gambling, murder, demons, and images of Hell. Other reviews were mostly positive, with critics praising the film's emotional qualities, humor, and vibrant color palette. Roger Ebert, who was unimpressed with Bluth's previous film An American Tail, gave it three out of four stars, remarking that the animation "permits such a voluptuous use of color that the movie is an invigorating bath for the eyes" and that although he preferred The Little Mermaid, which opened on the same day, he still found Dogs to be bright and inventive. In contrast, film critic Leonard Maltin gave it one-and-a-half out of four stars, due to unappealing characters, confusing storytelling, and forgettable songs. Common Sense Media was concerned about the depictions of illegal drug usage and excessive thematic elements plotting in a family oriented movie.

Box office
Dissatisfied with the terms imposed by Universal Pictures, which had distributed their previous two films, the studio found an alternative distributor in United Artists. Somewhat unusually, production investors Goldcrest Films covered the cost of the release prints and the promotional campaign, in return for a greatly reduced distribution fee from UA. This was similar to the arrangement with United Artists when they distributed Bluth's first feature film, The Secret of NIMH. Goldcrest Films invested $15 million in print and promotion. Due to contractual issues, very little tie-in merchandise accompanied the film's theatrical release; a computer game adaptation for the Commodore Amiga system (with a free software package) was released, and restaurant chain Wendy's offered toys with their Kids' Meals or regular fries.

The film opened in North America on November 17, 1989, concurrent with Disney's 28th full-length animated motion picture The Little Mermaid; once again, Sullivan Bluth would be vying for box-office receipts with Disney, just as their last two films (An American Tail and The Land Before Time) had. On its theatrical release, the film's performance fell short of the studio's previous box-office successes, grossing $27 million in North America alone, just over half of what An American Tail and The Land Before Time each took.

This would be Bluth's final box office hit until Anastasia was released eight years later in 1997, which ended up becoming his highest-grossing film.

Awards and honors
All Dogs Go to Heaven received a nomination for "Best Family Motion Picture: Adventure or Cartoon" at the 11th Annual Youth in Film Awards ceremony, being beaten by Disney's The Little Mermaid. The home video release received an Award of Excellence from the Film Advisory Board.

Home media
All Dogs Go to Heaven was released on VHS, S-VHS, 8mm video and LaserDisc in both regular and special CAV standard play editions by MGM/UA Home Video on August 28, 1990. The film became a sleeper hit due to its home video release; a strong promotional campaign helped it become one of the top-selling VHS releases of all time, selling over 3 million copies in its first month. The film was followed by another VHS release under the MGM/UA Family Entertainment label in 1994, which was available exclusively through Warner Home Video.

A DVD was made available for the first time on March 6, 2001, under the MGM Kids label and was later released as a double feature with All Dogs Go to Heaven 2 on March 14, 2006. On March 29, 2011, the film made its debut on Blu-ray, which was later included as a bundle with its sequel on October 7, 2014, along with a re-release of the compilation on DVD. The Blu-ray version was also packaged with another Don Bluth film, The Pebble and the Penguin, on October 8, 2013, and again with eight other MGM films as part of the company's 90th anniversary "Best of Family Collection" on February 4, 2014.

A video game based on the film, also titled All Dogs Go To Heaven, was released in 1989 for DOS and in 1990 for Amiga. The game features ten mini-games loosely tied together to form a story mode, with three difficulty levels. The game's minigames include rat racing, watch catching, horizontal ball and paddle, maze navigating, shape stacking, maze running, hangman, jigsaw puzzle, street navigating and dog fighting. An activity center game based on the film, titled All Dogs Go To Heaven Activity Center, was released for Windows PC in 1997.

Legacy
The success of the film, particularly its performance on home video, prompted several follow-up productions. A theatrical sequel, All Dogs Go to Heaven 2 (1996), a television series, All Dogs Go to Heaven: The Series (1996–1998), and An All Dogs Christmas Carol (1998), a Christmas television film based on Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol, were made. Bluth and his studio had no involvement with any of them, and Reynolds did not reprise his role as Charlie after the first film; he was replaced in the sequel film and television series by Charlie Sheen and Steven Weber, respectively. Reilly declined to return for the sequel film, but voiced Killer for the television productions. DeLuise played Itchy through the entire franchise.

See also
 List of films about angels

References

Further reading

External links

 All Dogs Go To Heaven Activity Center

1980s American animated films
1980s British films
1980s buddy comedy-drama films
1980s children's animated films
1980s children's fantasy films
1980s English-language films
1980s fantasy comedy-drama films
1980s musical comedy-drama films
1980s musical fantasy films
1989 animated films
1989 comedy-drama films
1989 directorial debut films
1989 films
American buddy comedy-drama films
American children's animated adventure films
American children's animated comedy films
American children's animated fantasy films
American children's animated musical films
American fantasy comedy-drama films
American independent films
American musical comedy-drama films
Animated buddy films
Animated films about dogs
Animated films about friendship
Animated films about orphans
Animated films set in Louisiana
Animated films set in the 1930s
British animated comedy films
British animated fantasy films
British buddy comedy-drama films
British children's animated films
British children's fantasy films
British fantasy adventure films
British independent films
British musical comedy-drama films
Dogs in religion
Films about angels
Animated films about the afterlife
Films adapted into television shows
Films directed by Dan Kuenster
Films directed by Don Bluth
Films directed by Gary Goldman
Films produced by Don Bluth and Gary Goldman
Films produced by John Pomeroy
Films scored by Ralph Burns
Films set in 1939
Films set in New Orleans
Films with screenplays by David N. Weiss
Films with screenplays by Don Bluth
Films with screenplays by Gary Goldman
Films with screenplays by John Pomeroy
Goldcrest Films films
Heaven and hell films
English-language Irish films
Independent animated films
Irish animated fantasy films
Irish independent films
Irish musical comedy-drama films
Mardi Gras in New Orleans
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animated films
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films
Rotoscoped films
Southern Gothic films
Sullivan Bluth Studios films
United Artists animated films
United Artists films

All Dogs Go to Heaven


Torenkerk ("Turmkirche") steht für niederländische Kirchengebäude:
Torenkerk (Gapinge)
Torenkerk (Winsum)

Torenkerk


Cathedral of the Divine Saviour (), located in the center of Ostrava, is the second largest Roman Catholic cathedral in Moravia and Silesia (after the basilica in Velehrad near Uherské Hradiště). This three-nave Neo-Renaissance basilica with a semi-circular apse and two 67m high towers is dating since 1889 (building started in 1883). The church was designed by Gustav Meretta, the official architect of the Archbishop of Olomouc, and the interior by Max von Ferstel.

The main nave is 14 m wide and 22 m high, the two side aisles are 7 m wide and 10 m high each. The seating capacity of the cathedral is 4,000 people. On May 30, 1996, Pope John Paul II established the Diocese of Ostrava-Opava, and soon after the basilica has been dignified into a cathedral. In 1998, a new neo-Baroque organ was installed.

History
On 23 May 1871 the city council spoke about the intention of building a new parish church, which would eventually replace the old parish church of St Wenceslas. The old church could not contain the increasing number of believers and failed to comply with official requirements for public buildings. After a fire inspection took place on 2 January 1882, the district marshal in Místek decided to build a new church. Thus, at a council meeting on 5 October 1882 the agreements for the construction of a new parish church were done.

The foundation stone was laid by Mayor Anton Lux and the Reverend Josef Spurný on October 4, 1883. AT that time church committees were competing in Moravia which was established under provincial laws dating from 1864 and 1874. It was the supervisory and executive bodies, which were often the purchaser of furniture projects and new churches, significantly encroached into their final form. Their arguments focused, in particular, on situations where the parish volume was small. The church of the Divine Saviour would serve 4 municipalities which, upon its construction, should contribute a proportionate financial amount. However, these villages managed their own parish church and, therefore Ostravanians' contributions to the construction of the church were often the cause of discord. Other financial flow was rather paradoxical. The Archdiocese of Olomouc, who took patronage of the church, was obliged, by patronage law, to pay a third of construction costs, worth just under 33,000 florins. Contributions also flowed in from Jewish entrepreneurs, like Baron Rotschild and the Gutmannové brothers.

See also

 List of cathedrals in the Czech Republic

Buildings and structures in Ostrava
Tourist attractions in the Moravian-Silesian Region
Ostrava
19th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in the Czech Republic
Churches in Ostrava
1889 establishments in Austria-Hungary

Cathedral of the Divine Saviour