Albert Zafy (1 May 1927 – 13 October 2017) was a Malagasy politician and educator who served as the fourth President of Madagascar from 1993 to 1996. In 1988, he founded the National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD).

In 1992, Zafy stood as a presidential candidate against President Didier Ratsiraka. The election soon became a run-off between the two candidates. In 1993, Zafy won the run-off election in a landslide, receiving 67% of the vote. During his presidency, Zafy received poor polling numbers due to an economic decline with accusations of corruption in his office. He was impeached in 1996 and then defeated by Ratsiraka in the 1996 presidential election. After leaving office, Zafy remained active in politics as an opposition leader under successive administrations.

Early life and early career
Zafy was born in Ambilobe, Diana Region on 1 May 1927. He studied at the University of Montpellier in France. After his return to Madagascar he became Minister of Public Health and Social Affairs under Gabriel Ramanantsoa. After Didier Ratsiraka took power in 1975, Zafy resigned from the government and joined the University of Madagascar.

Early political career

Opposition leader in the early 1990s
In 1988 he founded the National Union for Democracy and Development (UNDD). At a national conference of the opposition in 1990, Zafy was elected as President of the Committee of Active Forces (CFV), a cooperation group of several opposition parties, including Zafy's UNDD. On 16 July 1991, the CFV declared the creation of an alternative government, with Zafy as its Prime Minister. Zafy was detained for a week in late July 1991 and was met with a crowd of about 100,000 supporters upon his release. He was subsequently wounded during a protest. The opposition was ultimately successful in forcing Ratsiraka to agree to the Panorama Convention, which established a transitional government and stripped Ratsiraka of most of his powers, on 31 October 1991. Zafy oversaw the transition as head of the High State Authority, which, along with the Social and Economic Recovery Council, replaced the Supreme Revolutionary Council and the National Assembly during the 1991–1993 transitional period.

First Presidential run

In the multiparty presidential election held in November 1992, Zafy came first in the first round with about 45% of the vote; Ratsiraka placed second with about 29%. In the second round, held on 10 February 1993, Zafy won the presidency with 66.74% of the vote. He took office in late March–the first time since Madagascar's independence in 1960 that an incumbent president peacefully transferred power to an elected member of the opposition. In June 1993, Zafy's supporters won a majority in parliamentary elections.

Presidency (1991–1996)

Tenure
In office, Zafy's rivalry with Prime Minister Francisque Ravony led him to seek increased powers, and in September 1995 a successful referendum was held that substantially increased the powers of the president. This gave him authority over the selection of the prime minister, a decision that was previously in the hands of the National Assembly; following the referendum, the National Assembly was required to send three names of candidates to the president, from which he could choose.

The president also gained the ability to dismiss the prime minister without requiring new elections. Ravony resigned in October 1995, and Zafy appointed Emmanuel Rakotovahiny, who was the head of the UNDD and had been Minister of State for Rural Development and Land Reform, in his place.

Zafy's time in office was widely seen as being marked by economic decline, which negatively impacted his popularity, and amid accusations of corruption and abuse of power, he was impeached by the National Assembly on 26 July 1996. The impeachment was backed by more than the necessary two-thirds majority; out of 134 deputies present, 99 voted in favor of the motion, 32 against it, and there were three null votes. On 4 September, the High Constitutional Court upheld the impeachment. On 5 September, Zafy announced that he would leave office on 10 October, and he described his impeachment as a "constitutional coup d'état" that occurred as a result of his criticism of the National Assembly. Although he could not delay his departure from office, he was able to stand as a candidate in the late 1996 presidential election called as a result of his impeachment.

1996 re-election bid and defeat

In his 1996 campaign, Zafy blamed the problems faced by Madagascar during his presidency on his opponents and the International Monetary Fund, and he downplayed the charges against him that had led to his impeachment. Although he had lost much of his support, in the first round of the election, held on 3 November, he was able to take second place with 23.39% of the vote, behind Ratsiraka's 36.61%. Zafy received some support in the second round from those who, despite their criticisms of Zafy, felt he was preferable to Ratsiraka, such as Interim President Norbert Ratsirahonana, who had unsuccessfully stood as a candidate in the first round. In the second round, held on 29 December, Zafy narrowly lost to Ratsiraka, taking 49.29% of the vote and losing by about 45,000 votes. He later alleged that the High Constitutional Court had switched the numbers for himself and Ratsiraka and said that he had not spoken of that at the time for the sake of peace.

Post-presidency (1997–2017)

Opposition leader under Ratsiraka
Zafy led an attempt to impeach Ratsiraka in early 1998, accusing him of various charges, including perjury and nepotism; he also accused Ratsiraka of violating the constitution in his moves toward decentralization and the strengthening of the presidency at the expense of the National Assembly's power. The impeachment motion failed in the National Assembly on 4 February 1998 when only 60 deputies voted in favor of it, well short of the necessary 92. Zafy subsequently won a seat in the May 1998 parliamentary election, becoming the oldest deputy in the National Assembly. He also unsuccessfully sought the secession of Antsiranana Province from Madagascar at around the same time.

On 31 August 2001, Zafy announced that he would again run in the December 2001 presidential election. On that occasion, he placed a distant third with about 5% of the vote. Opposition candidate Marc Ravalomanana prevailed in an extended dispute with Ratsiraka over the election results, and Ratsiraka fled into exile.

Opposition leader under Ravalomanana
Zafy became the leader of the National Reconciliation Committee (CRN), which was founded in June 2002 to promote national reconciliation among the leading participants in the political crisis that followed the 2001 election. During Ravalomanana's presidency, Zafy and the CRN were viewed as part of the radical opposition in Madagascar. Zafy strongly criticized Ravalomanana and called for a new constitution. A grenade exploded outside Zafy's home early on 8 July 2004, causing some damage but no injuries. This occurred in the midst of a series of grenade attacks across the country.

On 8 December 2006, Zafy's property was raided by police as part of the government's investigation regarding General Fidy, who allegedly attempted a coup in November, and presidential candidate Pety Rakotoniaina, both of whom the police sought to locate and arrest. Reacting to the raid, Zafy said that he did not recognize Ravalomanana as president and had never recognized him as such. Zafy travelled to Paris in June 2007, where he met with Ratsiraka and members of his former government who were also in exile. He met with Ratsiraka on 8 June, with AREMA leader Pierrot Rajaonarivelo on 9 June, and with Tantely Andrianarivo, who served as Prime Minister under Ratsiraka, on 11 June. He met with Ratsiraka and Andrianarivo again on 25 June.

Role in 2009–2010 political events
President Ravalomanana was forced out of office through popular protests and military intervention in March 2009; opposition leader Andry Rajoelina assumed the presidency with support from the military. Rajoelina included Zafy's adviser Betiana Bruno as one of 44 members of the High Transitional Authority, which he appointed on 31 March 2009. Zafy expressed his objections to the transitional government at a press conference on 1 April, complaining that Rajoelina would not take his advice; he also said that he would seek provincial autonomy. Bruno was nevertheless present at the national conference which began on 2 April and was promoted by Rajoelina's government.

On 4 August 2009, as part of negotiations for a solution to the political crisis, Zafy met with Rajoelina, Ravalomanana, and Ratsiraka, along with former Mozambican President Joaquim Chissano, who acted as mediator at the four-day-long mediation crisis talks held in Maputo. An extended process of negotiations between the four leaders resulted in a power-sharing agreement, but by December 2009 that agreement had effectively collapsed. Rajoelina's government initially barred Zafy and others from returning to Madagascar after the talks, but later he was allowed to return. In the wake of the power-sharing agreement's collapse, Zafy declared on 18 December 2009, that the opposition would form its own government of national unity. He denounced Rajoelina, saying that Rajoelina had "reneged on his signature" and that the opposition could "no longer trust him to run the country". He also called on the army to refrain from involvement in the political situation.

Personal life and death
Zafy died of a stroke on 13 October 2017 at a hospital in Saint-Pierre in the French overseas department of Réunion at the age of 90.

References

External links
 Brief biography on Zafy
 Clip of Albert Zafy
 Article on Zafy and former Malagasy presidents

1927 births
2017 deaths
Malagasy democracy activists
Members of the National Assembly (Madagascar)
People from Diana Region
Presidents of Madagascar
Tsimihety people

Albert Zafy


ප්රpහාරක ගුවන් යානා පරම්පරාව 4.5 (1990- 2000)

Eurofighter Typhoon

Sukhoi Su-30MKI 'Flanker'

Dassault Rafale

F/A-18E Super Hornet

මෙම අර්ධ පරම්පරාව ප්ර බන්ධ කොට ඇත්තේ තෙවන හා හතරවන පරම්පරාවල් වල දියුණුව හා සැසඳීමේ දී වායු ගතිකමය තාක්ෂණයන්හි සාපේක්ෂ ඇණ හිටීමකට ලක් වූ අන්තර් කාල පරාසය විස්තර කිරීමටයි. එහෙත් ගුවන් ඉලෙක්ට්රොූනික විද්යාපවේ හා වෙනත් අදාල තාක්ෂණයන්හි විශිෂ්ට සොයා ගැනීම් මෙකල සිදු විය. එයට ප්ර්ධාන හේතුව 80 හා 90 දශකවල ක්ෂුද්රන චිපයන්ගේ හා අර්ධ සන්නායක තාක්ෂණයේ දියුණුවයි. මෙම සංයෝජනය සම්පාදකයන්ට නවීකරණය කළ හතරවන පරම්පරාවේ සැලසුම් ඉදිරිපත් කිරීමට ඉඩ ලබා දුනි. එහි දී පවතින ගුවන් රාමු මත හෝ අතීත ගුවන් රාමුවල යළි සකස් කිරීම මත පාදකව එහෙත් ගුවන් ඉලෙක්ට්රොවනික තාක්ෂණයේ හා රේඩාර් තාක්ෂණයේ දියුණුව සහිතව එමෙන්ම සිව්වන පරම්පරාවේ රහස් සැලසුම් මඟින් උගත් පාඩම් ද යොදා ගෙන පස් වන පරම්පරාවේ ප්රනහාරකයන් සඳහා පසුව නුවණින් සලකා බැලිය හැකි පරිදි නිර්මාණය කෙරේ. ප්රපධාන උදාහරණයක් නම් F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, හා 70 දශකය මත පාදකව සැලසුම් කළ F/A-18 Hornet බාහිර ස්වරූපය පෙර පරිදිම පවතිද්දී super hornet හි ලක්ෂණවල ගුවන් යානා ඉලෙක්ට්රොමනික තාක්ෂණයේ වැඩි දියුණු කිරීම් සිදු වූ අතර වීදුරු නියමු කුටියක් (ප්රටබවයට 90%ක් සමාන වේ.) ඝන තත්වයේ AESA ස්ථාවර රේඩාර් ඇන්ටනාව, නව එංජින් බර අඩු කිරීම සඳහා සංඝටක මූලද්රවව්යAයන්හි ව්යුරහමය භාවිතය, රේඩාර් සලකුණ අවම කිරීමට මද වශයෙන් නවීකරණය කළ හැඩය ඒ අතර වේ. තවත් එකක් නම් F-15E Strike Eagle, සීතල යුධ සමයේ භූමි ප්රරහාරකයක් වූ සවි ගැන්වු ගුවන් රාමුවක්, වැඩි දියුණු කළ එංජින්, නියමු වීදුරු කුටි හා නූතන භෞම අනුගාමී යාත්රාන හා ඉලක්ක පද්ධති අඩංගු වූ  F-15 Eagle ද ගත හැක. 4.5 පරම්පරාවේ Super Hornet, Strike Eagle, Rafale  පමණක් යුධ කටයුතු සඳහා යොදා ගනු දක්නට ලැබේ.
හඳුනන ගුවන් යානාවන්
•	 ප්රංයශය
o	Dassault Rafale
•	ඉන්දියාව
o	HAL Tejas
•	ජපානය/ එක්සත් ජනපදය
o	Mitsubishi F-2
•	 මහජන චීන සමූහාණ්ඩුව
o	Chengdu J-10
o	Shenyang J-11B 'Flanker'
•	 මහජන චීන සමූහාණ්ඩුව / පකිස්ථානය
o	JF-17 Thunder
•	 රුසියාව
o	Mikoyan MiG-33/35 'Fulcrum'
o	Sukhoi Su-30/35/37 'Flanker'
o	Sukhoi Su-32/34 'Fullback'
•	 රුසියාව/ ඉන්දියාව
o	Su-30MKI 'Flanker'
•	 රුසියාව/ මහජන චීන සමූහාණ්ඩුව
o	Su-30MKK 'Flanker'
•	 ස්වීඩනය
o	Saab JAS 39 Gripen
•	 එක්සත් රාජධානිය/ ජර්මනිය/ඉතාලිය/ ස්පාඤ්ඤය
o	Eurofighter Typhoon
•	 එක්සත් ජනපදය
o	Boeing F-15E Strike Eagle සහ සියළු පසුකාලීන ව්යුපත්පන්නයන්
o	General Dynamics / Lockheed Martin F-16C/D Block 50/52 සහ සියළු පසුකාලීන ව්යුyත්පන්නයන්
o	Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fighter_aircraft#Generation_4.5_.281990-2000.29

ගුවන් යානා

ප්ර්හාරක ගුවන් යානා පරම්පරාව 4.5 (1990- 2000)


Michael Cullen ist der Name folgender Personen:

* Michael Cullen (Politiker) (1945–2021), neuseeländischer Politiker
 Michael Cullen (Schauspieler), US-amerikanischer Schauspieler
 Michael Christopher Cullen, bekannt als Mike Dred (* 1967), britischer DJ und Musiker
 Michael J. Cullen (1884–1936), US-amerikanischer Unternehmer
 Michael S. Cullen (* 1939), US-amerikanischer Historiker und Publizist

Michael Cullen


The Labrador Party (or New Labrador Party) was the name of two political parties in Newfoundland advocating the interests of the region of Labrador, Canada.

New Labrador Party (1969–1975)

The party was founded in 1969 by Tom Burgess, a disaffected former Liberal MHA who crossed the floor to become an independent when he was passed over for a cabinet seat. He was re-elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from Labrador West in the 1971 provincial election under the New Labrador Party banner. The election returned a hung parliament. Burgess initially indicated that he would support the opposition Progressive Conservative Party's bid to form a government and unseat Premier Joey Smallwood's Liberals but, days after Conservative leader Frank Moores was sworn in as Premier, Burgess was enticed to rejoin the Liberals under the false promise that he would succeed Joey Smallwood as Liberal leader and Premier. Burgess joined the Liberals on January 31, 1972 but was defeated in the party's leadership convention. His defection and that of a Progressive Conservative MHA was enough to bring down the Moores government and force an election; however, Burgess lost his seat and Moores formed a majority Conservative government.

Mike Martin won a seat for the party in a 1972 by-election in Labrador South, but the MHA retired prior to the 1975 election, and the party was dissolved.

Second Labrador Party

Feelings among Labradorians that the region has been neglected by the Newfoundland and Labrador government led to the party's refounding in 2003 with Ern Condon as leader. The party nominated candidates in each of Labrador's four ridings in that year's election, with the hope of holding the balance of power in the House of Assembly and being able to trade political support for more services and attention to Labrador.

The party failed to win any seats, though Brandon Pardy came in second in Lake Melville with 32% of the vote. The party received 12% of the vote in Labrador West, 8% in Cartwright-L'Anse au Clair, and 5% in Torngat Mountains.

The party chose Ron Barron, the Deputy Mayor of Wabush, as the party leader in preparation for the next provincial election. In a by-election for the riding of Labrador West held on March 13, 2007, Labrador Party candidate Ron Barron came in third, winning 670 of a total of just over 4000 votes cast.

In the fall election in 2007, the Labrador Party decided not to run candidates in three of Labrador's four ridings so the vote between parties opposed to the Progressive Conservatives would not get split. The party's only candidate Jimmy Tuttauk earned almost 8 percent of the vote in the district of Torngat Mountains.

Leaders
 Tom Burgess (1969–1972)
 Ern Condon (2003–2004)
 Ron Barron (2004–2007)

See also
List of political parties in Newfoundland and Labrador
2007 Labrador West provincial by-election

Notes

External links
History of the New Labrador Party (1969–1975)

Provincial political parties in Newfoundland and Labrador
Labrador

Labrador Party


An Dendrobium aurantiroseum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Pieter van Royen ngan Thomas M. Reeve. An Dendrobium aurantiroseum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dendrobium, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dendrobium

Dendrobium aurantiroseum


Teodoro Sincelo () foi um político e escritor bizantino da primeira metade do . A Crônica Pascoal o mencionou em embaixada ao grão-cã às vésperas do Cerco de Constantinopla de 626. Deixou uma oração sobre a veste da Virgem preservada na Igreja de Blaquerna que foi removida para Santa Sofia devido ao ataque de um inimigo. Provavelmente também compôs a homília anônima sobre o cerco de 626 que foi entregue em 7 de agosto de 627.

Bibliografia

Escritores do Império Bizantino do século VII
Diplomatas do Império Bizantino do século VII

Teodoro Sincelo


Yaylagünü, Tunceli ilinin Ovacık ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün eski ismi "Arzumak" olup 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren günümüzdeki adıyla kayıtlarda yer almaktadır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli iline 52 km, Ovacık ilçesine 10 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Ovacık belde ve köyleri

Yaylagünü, Ovacık


Knut Magnus Olsen (* 6. Mai 1954 in Akershus) ist ein norwegischer Wirtschaftsmanager, Landwirt und Politiker der Senterpartiet (Sp) sowie seit 2010 Generalsekretär der Partei.

Leben
Olsen besuchte zunächst Schulen in Akershus. Nach einem Studium der Wirtschaftswissenschaften an der BI Norwegian Business School begann er 1980 seine berufliche Tätigkeit in der Privatwirtschaft bei dem Unternehmen Harald A. Møller Skedsmo AS und war dort zunächst Finanzmanager sowie im Anschluss von 1984 bis 1987 Geschäftsführer.

1987 übernahm er einen Bauernhof in Vassenden im Fylke Sogn og Fjordane und war seither als Landwirt in der Milch- und Fleischproduktion tätig. Daneben begann er sich in seinem Wohnort und dem Fylke Sogn og Fjordane politisch und gesellschaftlich zu engagieren. Zwischen 1988 und 1998 war er Gebietsleiter der Heimwehr (Heimevernet) sowie von 1991 bis 1995 Mitglied des Gemeinderates von Jølster. Seit 1995 ist er Mitglied des Provinzrates (Fylkesting) von Sogn og Fjordane und seit 2002 Vorstandsvorsitzender und Chief Executive Officer des Unternehmens Myklebust Kunst & Handverk AS.

Olsen, der seit 2004 Vorsitzender der Senterpartiet im Fylke Sohn og Fjordane ist, ist seit 2005 stellvertretendes Mitglied im Storting für den Wahlkreis Fjordane. Darüber hinaus wurde er 2009 Vorsitzender des Studentenverbandes der Zentrumspartei (Senterpartiets Studieforbund).

2010 wurde er Generalsekretär der Senterpartiet und damit Nachfolger von Ivar Egeberg, der wiederum Generalsekretär von Det Norske Travselskap (DNT) wurde, der Vereinigung des norwegischen Trabrennsports.

Weblinks
 Eintrag auf der Homepage des Storting
 Lebenslauf auf der Homepage der Senterpartiet (Seitenaufruf am 2. April 2012)

Fylkesting-Abgeordneter (Sogn og Fjordane)
Senterpartiet-Mitglied
Parteifunktionär (Norwegen)
Landwirt (Norwegen)
Manager
Norweger
Geboren 1954
Mann

Knut M. Olsen


Die Schneid (auch Schneidspitze, Schneide) ist ein  hoher Berg im österreichischen Teil der Allgäuer Alpen.

Lage und Umgebung
Der in der Untergruppe Tannheimer Berge gelegene Berg bildet den nördlichen Endpunkt eines kurzen Bergkamms, der von der Gaichtspitze () über den Hahnenkamm () nach Norden zieht und senkrecht zum Hauptkamm der Tannheimer Berge steht. Nach Süden trennt das Hochjoch () die Schneid von der Ditzl (), im Nordwesten liegt das Sabachjoch (), das zum Kelleschrofen () an der Kellespitze () übergeht. Über das Gehrenjoch () ist die Schneid mit der Gehrenspitze () verbunden. Die Flanken der Schneid fallen nach Südwesten ins Tannheimer Tal ab, nach Norden ins kurze Sabachtal und nach Südosten ins Lechtal ab.

Die Gemarkung, auf der sich der größte Teil der Schneid befindet ist Wängle, über den Gipfel verläuft die Grenze zur nördlich gelegenen Gemeinde Musau.

Geologie
Im Bereich der Schneidspitze kann man eine Überschiebung der Allgäuschichten durch die Lechtaldecke beobachten. Diese beginnt am Hochjoch. Aufsteigend nach Norden kann zunächst eine Falte aus Wettersteinkalk, Raibler Schichten und Hauptdolomit beobachtet werden. Durch die Falte vorgegeben folgen dem Hauptdolomit wieder Raibler Schichten und Wettersteinkalk. Diesem schließen sich zwei Schichten Partnach-Formation an, die durch Alpinen Muschelkalk unterbrochen werden. Darauf lagert der gipfelbildende Wettersteinkalk, der sich nach Norden zu den Hauptgipfeln fortsetzt.

Namensherkunft
Erstmals erwähnt wurde die Schneid 1880 in einer Österreichkarte als Schneid Sp. Der Name leitet sich von dem nach Westen ziehenden Gras-Grat ab. Ein solches "Schneid" wird im Bairischen für scharfe Grate verwendet. Thaddäus Steiner geht deshalb davon aus, dass die Verwendung mit der Schneid ihren westlichsten Ausläufer hat, da im Allgäu ansonsten Egg verwendet wurde. Im Tannheimer Tal war dagegen eine Benennung auf Grund der Form einer Kirche üblich.

Besteigung
Stützpunkt für die Besteigung der Schneid ist die Bergstation der Reuttener Hahnenkammbahn, von wo aus der Weg über das Tiefjoch und die Ditzl in die Südwestflanke der Schneid und ins Sabachjoch führt. Der hier beginnende, mit Steiganlage versehene Nordwestgrat zum Gipfel verlangt Trittsicherheit, bei Varianten direkt an der Gratschneide sind Stellen bis zum II. Schwierigkeitsgrad möglich. Das Sabachjoch kann auch aus dem Sabachtal und dem Tannheimer Tal erreicht werden, außerdem ist der Aufstieg vom Gimpelhaus () und der Tannheimer Hütte () möglich. Die Besteigung der Schneid über das Gehrenjoch, Nordflanke und Ostgrat ist unschwierig. Der Zugang zum Gehrenjoch erfolgt aus dem Sabachtal, aus dem Lechtal oder von der Bergstation.

In der Südflanke gibt es eine kurze, ungefähr 50 Meter lange Kletterei (IV+), die 1980 von Koch erstbegangen wurde.

Im Winter kann die Schneid als Skitour durch das Raintal und das Sabachtal bestiegen werden.

Bilder

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Berg in den Alpen
Berg in Europa
Berg in Tirol
Allgäuer Alpen

Schneid (Tannheimer Berge)


Iulia Soare, pe numele real Lilly Sonnenfeld, () a fost o prozatoare și traducătoare română.

Biografie
S-a născut la Galați în familia lui Adolf Sonnenfeld și a Iuliei Sofia (n. Lack), primind la naștere numele de Lilly (Lili) Sonnenfeld. A urmat școala primară (1927–1931) și liceul la Galați (1931–1939), după care, în 1939, a început studii la Facultatea de Litere a Universității din București, pe care le-a întrerupt în perioada războiului și le-a încheiat în 1946.

După absolvirea facultății a lucrat ca redactor la Editura Politică, Editura de Stat pentru Literatură și Artă și Editura Meridiane  (1946–1954), pensionându-se în 1954 pe motiv de boală. A scris romanul-cronică Familia Calaff (1956), despre familia fabricantului evreu de lumânări și săpun Emil Calaff, trei volume de nuvele (O plimbare la Băneasa, 1962; Vârsta de bronz, 1969; Duminică frumoasă de primăvară, 1971) cu teme istorice sau axate pe biografii "neinteresante" ale unor indivizi blazați, în pragul senectuții, și un studiu critic despre Stendhal (1957). Criticii literari ai vremii au comparat cu o oarecare timiditate romanul Familia Calaff al Iuliei Soare cu romanul Casa Buddenbrook al lui Thomas Mann, reproșându-i însă "realismul burghez". Iulia Soare a tradus din operele lui Pierre Daix, Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, Karel Čapek, Hervé Bazin, Jules Verne, Georges Duhamel, André Gide ș.a.

A murit în 1971 la București și a fost incinerată.

Scrieri
 Familia Calaff, roman, București, 1956;
 Stendhal, Ed. Tineretului, București, 1957;
 O plimbare la Băneasa, nuvele, București, 1962;
 Vârsta de bronz, nuvele, București, 1969;
 Duminică frumoasă de primăvară, nuvele, Ed. Cartea Românească, București, 1971.

Traduceri
 Stefan Żeromski, Doctorul Judym, în colaborare cu Rodica Ciocan, cuvânt înainte de Olga Zaicik, București, 1958;
 Borisav Stancovici, Sânge stricat, în colaborare cu George Bulic, București, 1959;
 Jacques-Yves Cousteau și Frédéric Dumas, Lumea tăcerii, București, 1960;
 Pierre Daix, Ultima fortăreață, București, 1960;
 Luis Goytisolo Gay, La marginea Barcelonei, în colaborare cu Paul Teodorescu, București, 1961;
 Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, Tratatul despre senzații, studiu introductiv și note de Dan Bădărău, București, 1962;
 Phanishvarnath Renu, Val întinat, în colaborare cu Tatiana Panaitescu, București, 1962;
 Karel Čapek, Opere alese, I–II, în colaborare cu Ihor Lemnij, București, 1963;
 Hervé Bazin, Vipera sugrumată. Moartea căluțului, pref. de Val Panaitescu, București, 1964;
 Jules Verne, În fața steagului, București, 1965;
 Henrik Pontoppidan, Per cel norocos, în colaborare cu Al. Budișteanu, pref. de Aurel Martin, București, 1965;
 Roger Martin du Gard, Jean Barois, pref. de Val Panaitescu, București, 1966;
 André Gide, Pivnițele Vaticanului, pref. de Nicolae Manolescu, București, 1966 (altă ed., 1993);
 Georges Duhamel, Viața și aventurile lui Salavin, I–III, București, 1966;
 Georges Duhamel, Cronica familiei Pasquier, I–III, pref. de Ov. S. Crohmălniceanu, București, 1968;
 Gottfried Keller, Heinrich cel verde, I–III, în colaborare cu Dragoș Vacariuc, pref. și tabel cronologic de H. Müller, București, 1970;
 Anghelos S. Vlahos, Stăpânul meu Alcibiade, în colaborare cu Antița Augustopol-Jucan, București, 1970;
 André Gide, Călătorie în Congo, București, 1971.

Note

Bibliografie
 Aurel Sasu, Dicționar biografic al literaturii române, vol. II (M–Z), Ed. Paralela 45, București, 2004, p. 579.

Nașteri în 1920
Decese în 1971
Prozatori români
Traducători români

Iulia Soare


El Nuevo cementerio Inglés (en italiano: Nuovo Cimitero degli Inglesi) es un cementerio del  situado en Livorno, en la Via Pera, cerca de la estación Leopolda y Porta San Marco.

Historia
Durante el ducado del Gran Duque Médici tenía un primer lugar para el entierro de sus compatriotas, no lejos de la Iglesia de San Pedro y San Pablo, en las afueras de la ciudad amurallada.

En el , con la expansión de la ciudad como resultado de los primeros planes de Luigi de Cambray Digny de la Plaza Cavour y luego por la construcción de la Pared Leopoldine, el antiguo cementerio estaba cerrado.

En 1840 fue abierto, lejos del centro de la ciudad, a poca distancia de la Puerta de San Marco, en la Via Pera, en el marco de la calle Erbosa (hoy Marco Mastacchi). El proyecto fue preparado por Angiolo Valley, Pasquale Poccianti colaborador y autor también de la Iglesia Anglicana de San Giorgio.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Cementerios de Livorno

Nuevo Cementerio Inglés


The Independent Order of Rechabites (IOR), also known as the Sons and Daughters of Rechab, is a fraternal organisation and friendly society founded in England in 1835 as part of the wider temperance movement to promote total abstinence from alcoholic beverages. Always well connected in upper society and involved in financial matters, it gradually transformed into a financial institution which still exists, and still promotes abstinence. The Order has been active in Australia from 1843, promoting temperance and as a benefit society. A branch was established in the United States in 1842, and also flourished for a time. In the United Kingdom, the Order trades under the name of Healthy Investment.

History

The Independent Order of Rechabites was founded on 25 August 1835 as the Salford Unity of Rechabites, in the city of Salford, Lancashire, England. Their first lodge was ""Tent Ebenezer #1" and soon "tents" were  founded for adult females (over the age of 12), boys (aged 12–16), and for children of both sexes (age 5-12), as well as other adult males (age 16 and up.) In describing the heritage of the Independent Order of Rechabites, a circa 1892 newspaper in Leeds said:

The rituals and ceremonies of the Rechabites vary from place to place but the order promoted three degrees, Knight of Temperance, Knight of Fortitude, and Covenanted Knight of Justice. Lodges are called tents because Jehonadab (or Jonadab) commanded the Biblical sons of Rechab to live in tents (Jeremiah 35:6-7) and the governing body, in England at least, was called the Movable Committee, meeting in a different city every two years. Membership remains open to all who would sign a pledge to completely abstain from alcohol except for religious or medical purposes. There were also death and sickness benefits.

From the late 18th century a number of Friendly Societies had been set up to help working-class people with such things as health insurance and death benefits. Generally these societies held their meetings in pubs. In the 1830s a group of Manchester Methodists became concerned that by encouraging working men to attend public houses to pay their friendly society dues, then the societies were harming the men's health and financial situation and threatening their moral welfare, rather than helping them. To counter this they set up a new Friendly Society called the Independent Order of Rechabites, named after the nomadic, abstaining Rechabites of the Old Testament. The IOR were an offshoot of the Calathumpians, then a diverse collection of social reformers of independent religious views. The organization was still active in the middle 20th century; Sir David Cannadine (British historian, born in Birmingham in 1950) described in 2019 attending a Rechabite meeting with his grandparents who were members.

A branch may be known as a "Tent", since the biblical Rechabites lived exclusively in tents. Each Tent is ruled by a High Chief Ruler, assisted by a High Deputy Ruler, Corresponding Secretary, Sick and Tent Stewards, Inside and Outside Guardians, a Levite of the Tent and a number of Elders. Before one could join the Rechabites and benefit from their insurance and saving scheme a document has to be signed swearing that the proposed member and his family would not drink any alcoholic beverages. This document is known as The Pledge and represents a solemn promise. The initials "IOR" on a tombstone may indicate that the deceased was a member of the organisation.

The Victoria District of the Independent Order of Rechabites currently has 17 Tents and 5 Regions, while the Queensland District of The Independent Order of Rechabites currently has four Tents and two social committees.

United States and Canada

In the United States and Canada there were several orders of Rechabites including the Independent Order of Rechabites of North America and the Encamped Knights of Rechab of North America. The most successful, however, was the Independent Order of Rechabites, which was founded in 1842 and was reported to have 990,000 at the beginning of the twentieth century. Like the Order in Britain, its local groups were called Tents. The national structure was the "High Tent" and the order was headquartered in Washington, DC. Membership was open to males aged 16 to 55, females aged twelve and up, and juveniles aged 5-16; the primary tents were composed of males 16–55 years old who believed in a Supreme Being and signed a total abstinence pledge. Individuals over fifty five were admitted as honorary members, and females over twelve and males under sixteen were permitted to form their own Tents. The Order worked three degrees: Knight of Temperance, Knight of Fortitude and Covenanted Knight of Justice.

Australia
 In Australia the IOR was first established in Tasmania in 1843, soon spreading to other states. Members of the IOR were provided with assistance during times of sickness, death and hardship.

IOR was active in Victoria and in 1876 it established 'Tent' 138 in Bung Bong rural Victoria. The Building was also used for community purposes including meetings of the 'Farmers Club' and as a Church of England.

In 1991, IOR Victoria combined with the IOR in other states to form a national private health fund. Members wishing to join IOR's health fund were no longer required to sign a pledge of abstinence from alcohol. In 2005 the IOR health fund was sold to HCF Health Insurance, and the rest of the organisation continued as a temperance promoting organisation. In 2008, 38.5 million dollars of its funds management was transferred to the Foresters Friendly Society. As of 2013, the Independent Order of Rechabites retains state branches in NSW, Victoria and Queensland, each with a number of affiliated tents.

United Kingdom
Since 2004 the Rechabite Friendly Society has traded as Healthy Investment, a financial services organisation that continues to specialise in providing ethical savings and investment products, not restricted to teetotallers. The Society avoids direct investment in companies in the alcohol, arms, tobacco, gambling and pornography industries. It is a with-profits provider, which as a mutual insurance company means that there are no shareholders to benefit from members' investments.

The Society provides Tax Exempt Savings Plans only offered by Friendly Societies, and other savings products.

Archives
The archives of the Independent Order of Rechabites have been deposited at Senate House Library, University of London. Some material, including a history of the Glasgow District No. 40, is also held by the Archives of the University of Glasgow. Numerous archives of branches are held at local record offices.

See also
 List of Rechabite halls
 Christian views on alcohol
 Temperance movement

References

Publications

Leach, W. T. (William Turnbull), 1805-1886 An address on rechabitism: delivered at the quarterly meeting of the members of the Independent Order of Rechabites, in the hall of the Spring of Canada Tent on the 18th July, 1845 Montreal? : s.n.] 1845
Rules for the government of the Stepney Tent, no. 83 : of the Independent Order of Rechabites, Salford Unity, Friendly Society, East Riding District Hull : Printed by F. Oliver 1873
General laws for the government of the Independent Order of Rechabites, Salford Unity, Friendly Society : adopted by the Moveable Conference, August, 1853, and amended by subsequent M.C.s, 1854 to 1873 : registered under the Friendly Societies' Act 13 and 14 Victoria, Cap. 115 Manchester : Published by the Board of Directors, at the Offices of the Order 1873
Rules of the Independent Order of Rechabites, Salford Unity, Friendly Society, as amended by the Glasgow H.M.C., 1887 : registered under the Friendly Societies Acts 1887

External links
 Official site of the Australian Rechabites
 Records of the Independent Order of Rechabites at Senate House Library
 History of the Rechabites
 Another history
 History of the Rechabites on the Isle of Man
 More notes from the Isle of Man, linking the formation of the Rechabites to the Order of Oddfellows and therefore indirectly to Freemasonry.

1835 establishments in England
Alcohol in England
Temperance organizations in the United Kingdom
Fraternal orders
Friendly societies of the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 1835

Independent Order of Rechabites


ක්‍රි.ව. 1939 තිරගතවූ ද විzසඩ් ඔෆ් ඔzස් චිත්‍රපටයේ ගීතයකි.

චිත්‍රපට ගීත - ඉංග්‍රීසි
මාගරට් තැච'

ඩිං ඩොං! ද විච් ඊස් ඩෙඩ්


Víctor Fajardo Morales es un académico e investigador de Química y Ciencias Naturales, se desempeñó como Rector de la Universidad de Magallanes desde 1994 hasta el viernes 8 de agosto de 2014, siendo reemplazado por Juan Oyarzo Pérez.

Se graduó como profesor de Química y Ciencias Naturales en la Universidad de Chile en 1972, en el año 1979 estudio un Magíster en Ciencias en la Universidad de Santiago de Chile y luego en el año 1984 un Doctorado en Ciencias en la Universidad de Chile, luego realizó un postdoctorado en la Universidad de Pensilvania.

Ingresó a la Universidad de Magallanes en agosto de 1973, desarrollando una destacada trayectoria académica como docente e investigador, obteniendo reconocimiento nacional e internacional por sus estudios en torno a la Flora de la zona patagónica. Diversas universidades nacionales y extranjeras han reconocido su contribución científica, invitándolo como profesor visitante en programas de postgrado. Cuenta con una significativa participación en proyectos de investigación nacionales e internacionales, además de ser autor y coautor de diversas publicaciones en revistas indexadas y especializadas. El año 2006, en reconocimiento a su trayectoria en la Región de Magallanes y Antártica Chilena, el Consejo de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Chile le otorgó la distinción de Profesor Honorario.

En el ámbito de la gestión universitaria en la Universidad de Magallanes ha ocupado los cargos de Director de Investigación, Decano de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Magallanes, Director del Instituto de la Patagonia y Vicerrector Académico. Desde 1994 hasta 2014, Fajardo fue rector de la Universidad de Magallanes sumando cinco periodos en el cargo de la universidad más importante de la Patagonia Chilena con su campus principal en la austral ciudad de Punta Arenas.

Véase también
Universidad de Magallanes

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial de la Universidad de Magallanes

Nacidos en Punta Arenas
Rectores de universidades de Chile
Alumnado de la Universidad de Chile
Universidad de Magallanes

Víctor Fajardo Morales


Oostende est un film français réalisé par Éric Woreth et sorti en 1991.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre : Oostende
 Réalisation : Éric Woreth
 Scénario : Alain Adijes et Éric Woreth
 Photographie : Thierry Arbogast
 Décors : Philippe Maux
 Costumes : Marie-Laure Lasson
 Son : Gérard Dacquay et Yvan Dacquay
 Montage : Pat Marcel
 Production : Ciné Feel - SGCC
 Pays d'origine :
 Durée :
 Date de sortie : France -

Distribution
 Isabella Ferrari : Lyota
 Jean-Claude Adelin : Jim
 Marc Andreoni : Jeannot
 Emmanuelle Maridjan : l'auto-stoppeuse
 Gérard Watkins : l'auto-stoppeur
 Philippe Résimont : l'automobiliste

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 Jacques Chevallier, Jeune Cinéma, , ,
 Olivier Kohn, Positif, , ,
 François Chevassu, La Saison cinématographique 91, ,

Liens externes

Film français sorti en 1991
Comédie dramatique française
Premier long métrage sorti en 1991

Oostende (film)


U.S. Route 281 (US 281) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway. At  it is the longest continuous three-digit U.S. Route.

The highway's northern terminus is at the International Peace Garden, north of Dunseith, North Dakota, at the Canadian border, where it continues as Highway 10. The route between Dunseith and the border is shared with North Dakota Highway 3. US 281 has two southern termini. The western terminus, known as International Blvd. in Hidalgo, begins from the McAllen-Hidalgo International Bridge. The southern eastern terminus of US 281 is in Brownsville, Texas, just short of the Mexican border ending on Bus. 77. The two spurs come together at South Cage Blvd in Las Milpas, Texas going north into Pharr, Texas. Thus, US 281 is the only continuous three-digit US route to extend from the Canadian border to the Mexican border.

The original Military Telegraph Road was incorporated into the US-281 route.

US 281 is a "child" of US 81. As a result of decommissioning portions of the parent route that have been superseded by concurrent Interstate Highways, the length of US 281 is  greater than that of its parent. US 281 no longer connects to its "parent", US 81.

Route description

Texas

US 281, beginning at the west, or the lower Rio Grande Valley, at an intersection with Business US 77 and SH 48 about  from the Mexico border. It travels along close to the border through the Rio Grande Valley. At the east, or Upper Rio Grande Valley, turning north from Hidalgo, travelling through Las Milpas, Pharr, Edinburg, and many small towns while also having a Border Patrol checkpoint in Brooks County south of Falfurrias, Texas. It is alternating as a divided highway and main street, until joining I-37. It splits with I-37 and travels through Pleasanton as Business 281, travelling north to San Antonio. In San Antonio, US 281 overlaps I-410 on the south side of the city until the interchange with I-37. US 281 and I-37 then overlap north into downtown San Antonio until I-37 ends at I-35. US 281 continues north from downtown San Antonio as a freeway, intersecting I-410 again on the north side of the city, with access to the San Antonio International Airport. A project to construct a stack interchange at I-410 (the "San Antonio Web") was completed June 9, 2008; formerly there was no direct access between the two freeways and surface streets were required travel between the freeways. North of San Antonio, US 281 is not a freeway and forms the Main Street of Blanco. It overlaps US 290 south of Johnson City. US 290 continues toward Austin, so US 281 and US 290 between San Antonio and Austin are available as a scenic and less congested alternate to I-35.

North of San Antonio, US 281 continues through central and north-central Texas, passing through many towns, including Stephenville, Mineral Wells and Jacksboro before reaching Wichita Falls, where the highway begins a concurrency with I-44 north across the Red River into Oklahoma.

Oklahoma
US 281 enters the state of Oklahoma at the Red River bridge north of Burkburnett, Texas on a route concurrent with I-44 starting in Wichita Falls. About  north of the Red River, US 281 leaves I-44 at Randlett and follows a two-lane roadway parallel to the newer I-44, which becomes the Wichita Falls–Lawton section of the H.E. Bailey Turnpike, from Randlett to a point  south of Lawton.

Through the Lawton/Fort Sill metropolitan area, US 281 again overlaps a toll-free section of I-44, while the former US 281 alignment through the city of Lawton is designated as Business US 281 between I-44 exits 34 and 39B. About  north of downtown Lawton, US 281 departs from I-44 to continue north through the cities of Apache, Anadarko, Gracemont, Binger and Hinton. About  north of its junction with I-40 near Hinton, US 281 crosses a 1930s-vintage 38-span steel pony truss bridge over the South Canadian River that served traffic of the former east–west US 66 before that highway was superseded by I-40 in the 1960s. A  section of US 281's paving from north of I-40 to a point south of Geary is the original  concrete surface of US 66.

Through central and northern Oklahoma, US 281 then proceeds through the cities of Geary, Watonga, Seiling, Waynoka and Alva. The highway crosses the Kansas state line about  north of Alva at Hardtner, Kansas.

Kansas

Passing largely through sparsely populated areas of central Kansas, US 281 enters the state at Hardtner in Barber County and passes through Medicine Lodge, Pratt, St. John and Great Bend, the only city along the route in Kansas which has more than 7,000 people. Along its venture through southern Kansas, US 281 intersects several major east–west routes: first US 54 and US 400, which heads east to Wichita and west to Dodge City, Garden City and Liberal; US 50, which veers east to Hutchinson and west to Garden City; and US 56, heading to Dodge City westbound and Overland Park eastbound.

Following a four-mile (6 km) concurrency with K-4 near Hoisington, the highway intersects I-70 at Russell before joining K-18 near Paradise for an  concurrency.

The two highways split at Luray, and US 281 turns north into Osborne County, passing through the town of Osborne before joining US 24 and K-9 for another concurrency. US 281 joins US 36 at Smith Center, turning east before the two highways split; US 281 turns north for its final stretch in the state, passing through Lebanon. All sections of US 281 in Kansas are two-lane. The last stretches of the highway overlaid with bricks, through downtown Pratt and Hoisington, were recently resurfaced with concrete.

Nebraska
US 281 enters Nebraska south of Red Cloud and meets US 136 there. It continues north to Hastings and meets US 6 and US 34. Between Hastings and Grand Island, US 281 overlaps US 34 and is designated as the Tom Osborne Expressway after the former Nebraska Cornhuskers football coach and U.S. Representative, who is a native of Hastings.

At Grand Island, US 281 intersects I-80, loses US 34 and intersects US 30. US 281 continues north of Grand Island to St. Libory as American Legion Memorial Highway. From there northward, US 281 is a two-lane undivided highway passing mostly through unpopulated areas, with the exception of the regional trade center O'Neill, where it junctions US 20 and US 275. US 281 exits the state north of Spencer.

South Dakota
US 281 enters South Dakota in Gregory County. Just north of the South Dakota-Nebraska border, it is cosigned with US 18. It crosses the Missouri River at Fort Randall Dam. Just south of Armour, US 18 leaves the US 281 alignment. North of Armour, US 281 makes a short jaunt west on South Dakota Highway 44, then continues north. US 281 and I-90 intersect at Plankinton. On both sides of Wolsey, US 14 is cosigned with US 281 for a stretch of  - from 3 miles south of Wolsey to 4 miles north of town. US 281 becomes an expressway at South Dakota Highway 20. This expressway continues through Aberdeen to a point near Westport. South Dakota Highway 10 is cosigned with US 281 for  near Barnard. It exits the state north of Frederick.

US 281 was recently realigned in the city of Aberdeen. A bypass was built that travels on the west side of Aberdeen, and the US 281 designation was moved onto that new roadway. It runs north from US 12 and connects with the old alignment south of 24th Avenue Northeast.

The South Dakota section of US 281, with the exception of concurrencies with US 18 and US 14, is defined at South Dakota Codified Laws § 31-4-229.

North Dakota

In North Dakota, US 281 is a major north–south artery. It enters south of Ellendale and intersects I-94 and US 52 at Jamestown. US 281 and US 52 remain paired together to Carrington. From there, US 281 continues northward through Sheyenne.  north of Sheyenne, the highway curves in order to go around Devil's Lake, and it then continues to west of Minnewaukan, North Dakota. From there it goes to North Dakota Highway 5 at Rocklake. US 281 follows ND 5 westward to Dunseith, where the highway turns north in concurrence with North Dakota Highway 3 to its end at the Canadian border in the International Peace Garden. The northernmost section of US 281 passes through North Dakota's Turtle Mountains. Recently, US 281 was rebuilt near Minnewaukan, North Dakota to accommodate flooding close to the city.

Future
US 281 will be upgraded between US 59 in George West in Texas to I-2 in Pharr to become I-69C, a spur of I-69. An  segment exists running from Business US 281 in Edinburg to I-2 in Pharr.

US 281 between Grand Island and St. Paul in Nebraska is planned to be a four-lane expressway for its entire length. Currently, some sections are still two lanes, with stubs and grading in place for expansion to four lanes in these areas.

Major intersections

Texas
  in Brownsville
  in Pharr. I-69C/US 281 travels concurrently to Edinburg. They will travel concurrently to George West
  in George West
  north of Three Rivers. The highways travel concurrently to southeast of Pleasanton.
  in San Antonio. The highways travel concurrently through San Antonio.
  in San Antonio. I-37/US 281 travels concurrently through San Antonio.
  in San Antonio
  in San Antonio
  in San Antonio
  south-southeast of Johnson City. The highways travel concurrently to Johnson City.
  in Lampasas. The highways travel concurrently through Lampasas.
  in Evant
  in Stephenville
  in Stephenville
  south-southeast of Brazos
  in Mineral Wells
  south-southeast of Jacksboro. The highways travel concurrently to Jacksboro.
  in Wichita Falls. The highways travel concurrently through Wichita Falls.
  in Wichita Falls. US 277/US 281 travels concurrently to east of Medicine Park, Oklahoma.
  in Wichita Falls. The highways travel concurrently to west-southwest of Randlett, Oklahoma.
Oklahoma
  west-southwest of Randlett. US 70/US 281 travels concurrently to Randlett.
  in Walters
  northwest of Geronimo. The highways travel concurrently to east of Medicine Park.
  in Lawton. The highways travel concurrently to Anadarko.
  in Hinton
  in Geary. The highways travel concurrently to Seiling.
  in Seiling. The highways travel concurrently to Chester.
  south of Waynoka
  in Alva. The highways travel concurrently through Alva.
Kansas
  west-southwest of Medicine Lodge. The highways travel concurrently to Medicine Lodge.
  in Pratt
  south of St. John
  in Great Bend
  south of Russell
  in Osborne. The highways travel concurrently to south of Portis.
  in Smith Center. The highways travel concurrently to south of Lebanon.
Nebraska
  in Red Cloud
  in Hastings. US 6/US 281 travels concurrently through Hastings. US 34/US 281 travels concurrently to Grand Island.
  south of Grand Island
  in Grand Island. The highways travel concurrently from the junction of US 34/US 281 to the north end of Grand Island.
  in O'Neill. US 20/US 281 travels concurrently through O'Neill.
South Dakota
  east-southeast of Fairfax. The highways travel concurrently to south of Armour.
  southeast of Plankinton
  south-southeast of Wolsey. The highways travel concurrently to north-northwest of Wolsey.
  in Redfield. The highways travel concurrently through Redfield.
  in Aberdeen
North Dakota
  in Jamestown. I-94/US 281 travels concurrently through Jamestown. US 52/US 281 travels concurrently to Carrington.
  west-northwest of Churchs Ferry. The highways travel concurrently to west of Churchs Ferry.
  at the Canada–United States border north-northeast of Dunseith

Bypass

U.S. Route 281 Alternate was a  long alternate of U.S. Route 281 running within the northeastern and eastern portions of Great Bend, Kansas. US-281 Alternate was formed in 1955 and was decommissioned about 1983. Since then it has been known as US 281 Bypass, which is mostly unsigned, two-lane surface highway bypasses downtown Great Bend. The only visible indication of this being a bypass is via street signs along intersecting streets; thus it is not a true bypass route, but a local street that is named as a bypass.

Route description

281 Bypass begins its journey near the intersection of 10th (US-56/K-96/K-156) and Pine Streets. 10th Street, which is normally east–west, travels slightly southwest-northeast for one block with its intersection with the bypass.

The bypass travels mostly to the northwest until near Park and Frey Streets. Then, it steers towards the north-northwest.

After intersecting with 22nd Street, 281 Bypass starts to curve to the west until it intersects with 24th Street. It remains unsigned on 24th Street until its northwestern terminus with its parent route on Main Street (US-281). The northwestern terminus of U.S. Highway 281 Bypass is directly adjacent to Brit Spaugh Park in Great Bend.

See also

Related routes
 U.S. Route 81
 U.S. Route 181

References

External links

Endpoints of U.S. Highway 281
1926 Map of North Dakota US 281 Route (Former ND Highway 4)

81-2
81-2
81-2
81-2
281

U.S. Route 281


Szilárd Vereș ()

Onoruri
 Miercurea Ciuc
 Liga III : 2018-19

Note

Legături  externe

Nașteri în 1996
Fotbaliști români
Mijlocași
Fotbaliști ai CFR Cluj
Oameni în viață
Clujeni
Maghiari din Transilvania

Szilárd Vereș


La microrregión de Restinga Seca es una de las microrregiones del estado brasileño del Rio Grande do Sul perteneciente a la mesorregión Centro Occidental Rio-Grandense. Su población fue estimada en 2005 por el IBGE en 68.118 habitantes y está dividida en nueve municipios. Posee un área total de 3.004,521 km².

Municipios
 Agudo
 Dona Francisca
 Faxinal do Soturno
 Formigueiro
 Ivorá
 Nova Palma
 Restinga Seca
 São João do Polêsine
 Silveira Martins

Microrregiones de Río Grande del Sur

Microrregión de Restinga Seca


Nordsjællands Fuglepark eller Fugleparken er en privat zoologisk have, der blev etableret i 2003 i Nordsjælland omtrent midtvejs mellem Dragstrup og Esbønderup øst for Græsted. Det er Nordens største fuglepark.

I 2008 blev parken anerkendt som zoo. Da parken er privatejet får den ingen statstilskud, men er afhængig af private sponsorer og frivilligt arbejde.

Parken er meget engageret i avlsarbejde, og man har fået omkring 200 af de parkens 250 fuglearter til at yngle i fangeskab. Mange af fugleungerne bliver sendt videre til andre zoologiske haver i Europa. I 2012 fik parken 275 fugleunger. Man arbejder bl.a. med flere fuglearter, som er truede. Parken har desuden 60 redekasser til frie fugle i området.

Fuglearterne tæller bl.a. emuer, finker, ugler, papegøjer. Udover fugle har parken også flere krybdyr som skildpadder og leguaner og mindre pattedyr som kænguruer, geder og egern.

Referencer

Dyreparker i Danmark
Etableret i 2003
Gribskov Kommune

Nordsjællands Fuglepark


تومور كان ملك الآلهة في الفلكلور الألباني. لقد كان أب الآلهة والناس. رفيقته كانت إلهة غامضة عرفت ب-«إي بوكورا إي دوت». ولقد خدمته أرواح الرياح. في العصور الوسطى عرف باسم «إين»، وهو الآن يعرف ب-«إنجتيه» (enjtë) وهي كلمة ألبانية تعني الخميس.

مراجع

أساطير ألبانية
تراث شعبي ألباني

تومور


An Stalkya muscicola in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Leslie Andrew Garay ngan Galfrid Clement Keyworth Dunsterville, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Leslie Andrew Garay. An Stalkya muscicola in nahilalakip ha genus nga Stalkya, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Stalkya

Stalkya muscicola


Hugin er et rekonstrueret vikingeskib af typen langskib, som ligger i Pegwell Bay i Kent i England. Det var en gave fra Danmark til minde om 1500-året for ankomsten af Hengist og Horsa, der ledede den angelsaksiske invasion i det nærliggende Ebbsfleet. Skibet er en rekonstruktion af Gokstadskibet, som stammer fra omkring 890 og altså er noget senere.

Skibet blev fremstillet i Danmark og sejlet til England af 53 danskere i 1949. Skibet ankom til Viking Bay i Broadstairs i Kent og blev flyttet til den nuværende placering. I 2005 blev det repareret.

Hugins ankomst blev beskrevet i en pressemeddelelse med titlen "Landing of the Vikings" ("Vikingernes ankomst"). Optagelser fra ankomsten blev brugt i tv-serien Doctor Who i afsnittet The Time Meddler, hvor det skulle vise et vikingetogt fra 1100-tallet.

Se også
 Rekonstruktioner af vikingeskibe

Referencer

Yderligere læsning
 J. Røjel (1949) The 1949 Cruise of the Viking Ship "Hugin". Samlerens forlag

Eksterne henvisninger

 Article on Hugin
 Video of Hugin being presented by Prince Georg of Denmark, 1950
 [https://filmcentralen.dk/museum/danmark-paa-film/klip/hugins-stabelaflobning Video fra da Hugin blev søsat i Frederikssund
1949]

Rekonstruktioner af vikingeskibe
Skibe bygget i Danmark
Skibe fra Storbritannien

Hugin (langskib)


Franz Baermann Steiner (n. en Karlín, Praga, el 12 Octobe 1909 - fallecido en Oxford, Inglaterra, el 27 November de 1952), fue un erudito, etnólogo, ensayista y poeta.

Biografía
Hijo de un pequeño comerciante de cuero y tela, recibió una educación religiosa en la escuela, a pesar de que ninguno de sus progenitores practicaba el judaísmo y su padre se confesaba ateo. Pertenecía a la última generación de los alemanes, y de la minoría judía en Praga de los últimos días del imperio austro-húngaro. En 1920 entró en el Gimnasio del Estado alemán en la calle Stepanska, donde Max Brod y Franz Werfel habían estudiado. Se unió a la Studentenbund Roter (Red de la Unión de Estudiantes) en 1926. Pronto se sintió atraído por el marxismo temprano, una fascinación que duró hasta 1930, y también al sionismo político. Se matriculó en la Universidad Alemana de Praga a finales de 1928 para los cursos de lenguas semíticas, dentro de la especialidad en etnología, al mismo tiempo que estudió como alumno externo en los cursos de etnología de Siberia y de Estudios Turcos de la lengua checa la Universidad Carolina de Praga. Estudió árabe en el extranjero durante un año (1930-1931), en la Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalén. En 1928 comenzó a escribir. En el verano de 1929 entra a formar parte del llamado "Grupo Libre de Praga". Fue durante su estancia en Jerusalén, donde Steiner pudo reencontrarse con su identidad judía y pasó a considerarse un oriental nacido en Occidente, dualidad que marcaría tanto su obra poética, como su experiencia antropológica y también sus ideas políticas. Obtuvo su doctorado en lingüística en 1935 con una tesis sobre la formación de palabras en árabe ("Estudios sobre la Historia de las raíces árabes"). Se traslada entonces a Viena para especializarse en etnología del Ártico. Con el crecimiento del antisemitismo nazi, Baermann se convierte en un refugiado y se ve obligado a trasladarse a Londres para continuar sus estudios en la London School Of Economics. Durante el verano de 1941 sus padres son deportados al campo de concentración de Theresienstadt y mueren a los pocos meses en el de Treblinka, sin que él lo sepa hasta tres años después. Durante su exilio en Inglaterra inicia su amistad con Elias Canetti. En 1949 fue nombrado Profesor de Antropología Social en Oxford, cargo que ocupó hasta su prematura muerte tres años más tarde. Un año más tarde, en 1950, obtiene la nacionalidad británica. Tras conocer la muerte de su familia durante el Holocausto, su estado de salud decayó notablemente. En 1952 muere de un ataque al corazón, poco después de que Iris Murdoch hubiera aceptado su proposición de matrimonio. De hecho, según Peter J. Conradi, muchos de los personajes destacados en las obras de esta autora como Peter Saward (El Vuelo del Encantador, 1956), Jost Willy (El agradable y el bueno, 1968) o Tallis Browne (Una derrota bastante honorable, 1970) se inspiraron en sus recuerdos de Franz Steiner. Steiner fue enterrado en el Cementerio Judío de Oxford.

Su obra más famosa, Taboo (Tabú), constituye un estudio monográfico donde se recogen las distintas conferencias que Steiner impartió sobre este tema. Publicada póstumamente, en 1956, hoy día está considerada como un clásico dentro del ámbito de la antropología social. Su pensamiento se caracteriza por un intenso compromiso con el derecho de autodeterminación de los pueblos no occidentales. Tampoco su obra poética más importante, Conquistas, llegó a ser publicada en vida del autor. Una selección de su poesía ha sido traducida recientemente al castellano, Poemas selectos, Editorial Pre-Textos.

Obras traducidas al español

Enlaces externos

Antropólogos de la República Checa
Poetas de la República Checa
Fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio
Escritores de la República Checa del siglo XX
Ensayistas de la República Checa

Franz Baermann Steiner


Montsûrs ist eine französische Gemeinde mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) im Département Mayenne in der Region Pays de la Loire. Sie gehört zum Arrondissement Mayenne und zum Kanton Évron.

Sie entstand als namensgleiche Commune nouvelle mit Wirkung vom 1. Januar 2019 durch die Zusammenlegung der früheren Commune nouvelle Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré mit den bisherigen Gemeinden Montourtier, Deux-Évailles und Saint-Ouën-des-Vallons, die in der neuen Gemeinde den Status einer Commune déléguée haben. Auch die in Montsûrs-Saint-Céneré bereits integrierten Gemeinden Montsûrs und Saint-Céneré behalten diesen Status in der neuen Gemeinde. Der Verwaltungssitz befindet sich im Ort Montsûrs.

Gliederung

Geographie
Die Gemeinde liegt rund 20 Kilometer nordöstlich von Laval. Das Gemeindegebiet wird vom Fluss Jouanne durchquert. Hier münden auch seine Zuflüsse Deux-Évailles und Jarriais.
Nachbargemeinden sind Belgeard im Norden, Jublains im Nordosten, Mézangers und Neau im Osten, Brée und Évron im Südosten, La Chapelle-Rainsouin im Süden, Argentré und La Chapelle-Anthenaise im Südwesten, Châlons-du-Maine und Gesnes im Westen sowie La Bazouge-des-Alleux und Commer im Nordwesten.

Geschichte

Internierungslager La Chauvinerie
Eine in Frankreich lange Zeit verdrängte Geschichte war die der Ausgrenzung jener Menschen, die hier als Nomaden (Nomades) oder Zigeuner (Tsiganes) bezeichnet wurden und werden. Diese Ausgrenzung begann spätestens mit einem Gesetz von 1912, dem in der Zeit zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen weitere Verwaltunbgsmaßnahmen zur Regtlementierung des Alltagslebens und zur Überwachung folgten.

Am 6. April 1940 verfügte Albert Lebrun, der Präsident der französischen Republik, in einem Dekret die Isolierung von Nomaden an besonderen Orten unter Polizeiaufsicht. Begründet wurde dies mit einem angeblichen Risiko, das in Kriegszeiten von "Nomaden" ausgehe.

In der Folge dieses Dekrets wurden in Frankreich etwa 30 Zentren geschaffen, von denen 25 ausschließlich für Sinti und Roma reserviert waren. Das größte dieser Nomaden-Lager befand sich in Montreuil-Bellay, und im Département Mayenne entstanden Lager in Grez-en-Bouère und Montsûrs. Das am 23. Oktober 1940 von der Präfektur in Grez-en-Bouère eingerichtete Lager musste aufgrund der unhaltbaren Lebensumstände für die dort internierten Menschen im Dezember 1940 wieder geschlossen und alle Internierten nach Montsûrs verlegt werden.

Bei dem am 16. Dezember 1940 eröffneten Lager La Chauvinerie handelte es sich um das Gelände eines ehemaligen Bauernhofes in der Nähe der Bahnlinie Paris-Brest, auf dem zwei Reihen von Baracken standen, umgeben von Stacheldraht. Das Lager war für 160 Personen ausgelegt, untergebracht waren aber nur 85 Personen, darunter 15 Kinder. Sie wurden von sieben Wachleuten bewacht. Bis zur Schließung des Lagers am 9. April 1942 mussten die arbeitsfähigen  Männer überwiegend für deutsche Unternehmen in Laval und Mayenne arbeiten, einige wenige auch auf umliegenden Bauernhöfen. Das hat die Not der Lagerinsassen aber kaum gemildert: In allen von den Lagerleitern verfassten Berichte sei immer die Bedürftigkeit der Nomaden betont worden.

Zum Zeitpunkt der Schließung des Lagers La Chauvinerie Anfang April 1942 befanden sich dort offenbar nur noch 61 Internierte; 23 von ihnen wurden in das Lager von Montreuil-Bellay verlegt, 34 durften im Département Mayenne bleiben, die anderen wurden ins Krankenhaus eingeliefert oder flohen.

Das Mémorial des Déportés de la Mayenne (Gedenkstätte der Deportierten aus der Mayenne) dient dem Gedenken der Deportierten aus der Mayennet, die in die Konzentrations- und Vernichtungslager der Nazis geschickt wurden. Dort fand 2016 die Ausstellung Adieu roulottes et chevaux, l'internement des nomades en Mayenne de 1940 à 1942 (Abschied von Zigeunerwagen und Pferden, die Internierung der Nomaden in der Mayenne von 1940 bis 1942) statt. Zum Programm der Ausstellung gehörte auch ein Spaziergang auf den Spuren des ehemaligen Internierungslagers La Chauvinerie.

Persönlichkeiten
 Théodore Labouré (1883–1944), Ordensgeistlicher und Generaloberer der Oblaten der Unbefleckten Jungfrau Maria

Gemeindepartnerschaften
 Irsee (Bayern), seit 1988
 Chilcomtpon (Großbritannien), seit 1992

Weblinks

 Henriette Asséo: Une mémoire française: Les Tsiganes pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, 1939-1946.
 Ouest-France: Des Tziganes internés dans un camp à Montsûrs, ouest-france.fr, 27. Mai 2014.
 Memoires Tsiganes: Le camp d'internement de Montreuil-Bellay

Einzelnachweise

Commune nouvelle im Département Mayenne
Gemeindegründung 2019

Montsûrs


Simões Lopes é uma influente família política gaúcha.

João Simões Lopes (1817—1893), nobre e político brasileiro
Ismael Simões Lopes (1862—1896), jornalista e político brasileiro
Ildefonso Simões Lopes (1866—1943), político brasileiro
Augusto Simões Lopes (1880—1941), político brasileiro
Luís Simões Lopes (1903—1994), engenheiro agrônomo e político brasileiro

Família Simões Lopes

Simões Lopes


La saison 2021 du Championnat du Turkménistan de football est la vingt-neuvième édition de la première division au Turkménistan. La compétition rassemble les huit meilleurs clubs du pays qui sont regroupés au sein d'une poule unique et s'affrontent deux fois, à domicile et à l'extérieur. Il n'y a ni promotion, ni relégation en fin de saison.

Le FK Altyn Asyr remporte pour la huitième fois de suite le championnat.

Les clubs participants

Qualifications continentales
Le champion se qualifie pour la phase de poules de la Ligue des champions de l'AFC 2022, le vice-champion et le vainqueur de la Coupe du Turkménistan se qualifient pour la phase de poules de la Coupe de l'AFC 2022.

Cependant les qualifications dépendent des licences obtenus par les clubs :
 éligible pour la Ligue des Champions
FK Ahal Änew
 éligible pour la Coupe de l'AFC
FK Altyn Asyr
FK Ahal Änew
Köpetdag Achgabat
Merw Mary

Compétition
Le barème de points servant à établir le classement se décompose ainsi :
 Victoire : 3 points
 Match nul : 1 point
 Défaite : 0 point

Classement

|valign=top align=left width=50%|

|}
 Le champion, FK Altyn Asyr, n'ayant pas de licence pour disputer la Ligue des champions est reversé en Coupe de l'AFC, le vice-champion, FK Ahal Änew étant le seul club à avoir la licence, il prend la place en Ligue des champions.
 La finale de la Coupe du Turkménistan oppose FK Ahal Änew à Şagadam Türkmenbaşy, le premier club est déjà qualifié pour la Ligue des Champions, le deuxième club n'a pas de licence AFC, donc le club suivant du classement prend la place en Coupe de l'AFC, Köpetdag Achgabat  ().

Bilan de la saison

Voir aussi

Références

Liens internes
 Championnat du Turkménistan de football

Liens externes
  Page complète sur la saison sur RSSSF

2021
Turkménistan
2021 au Turkménistan

Championnat du Turkménistan de football 2021


Next Generation Ninja er en kortfilm instrueret af Dennis Bahnson efter manuskript af Dennis Bahnson, Mads Koudal.

Handling

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2008

Kortfilm fra Danmark

Next Generation Ninja


Gabriel Thierry, né le 12 août 1896 à Chaumont (Haute-Marne) et mort le 7 août 1972 à Troyes (Aube), est un cheminot, un militant socialiste, un élu local et le cofondateur du journal Libération Champagne. Résistant français, il devient notamment chef du service des sabotages ferroviaires de Libération-Nord en 1943, il est compagnon de la Libération.

Première Guerre mondiale

Gabriel Thierry est incorporé à l'âge de 19 ans en avril 1915 dans le 170e régiment d'infanterie. Blessé le 10 juin 1918 par éclats à Marigny-en-Orxois (Aisne) et élevé au grade de lieutenant en octobre 1918, il termine le conflit avec quatre citations.

Il est nommé chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, à titre militaire, en juillet 1925.

Cheminot et militant socialiste

Gabriel Thierry adhère à la Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière (SFIO) en 1923. Il devient en 1931 secrétaire de la Fédération socialiste de la Marne.

Inspecteur à la SNCF, il est muté en 1941 au PC traction de cette entreprise à Troyes et s'installe dans l'Aube.

À la Libération il participe à la réorganisation de la section auboise du Parti socialiste dont il devient membre de la Commission exécutive.

Seconde Guerre mondiale
Gabriel Thierry est mobilisé en 1939 comme lieutenant d'infanterie. Démobilisé en août 1940, il entre en Résistance en 1941, fondant un réseau de renseignement et de sabotage, réseau rattaché plus tard à l'Organisation civile et militaire, puis à Résistance-Fer.

Il organise le 4 juillet 1943 le sabotage de 13 machines du dépôt Troyes Preize. Échappant de justesse à la Gestapo le 3 août 1943, il se rend à Paris et rejoint le commandement central du mouvement Libération-Nord. Responsable pour le mouvement du service de sabotage sous le nom de Marcel Mismer (nom de jeune fille de sa mère), avec autorité sur quarante départements de la Zone nord, il dirige de multiples opérations qui aboutissent à la destruction de 375 locomotives.

Il revient le 25 mai 1944 dans l'Aube où il prend la tête du Comité départemental de libération clandestin. Il participe activement aux combats libérateurs de Troyes alors qu'entrent dans la ville les chars de la  division blindée du général Wood ( armée du général Patton). Gabriel Thierry accompagne le nouveau préfet lors de sa prise de fonctions dans l'Aube.

Après avoir refusé de devenir préfet de la Haute-Marne, il est nommé le 28 août 1944 maire provisoire de la commune de Sainte-Savine, dans la banlieue de Troyes.

Il devient par décret du 20 janvier 1946 compagnon de la Libération.

Cofondateur de Libération-Champagne

Gabriel Thierry et le résistant Germain Rincent fondent le 28 août 1945 la SARL Libération Champagne (quotidien de la démocratie socialiste). Le journal est d'abord hebdomadaire à partir du 13 octobre 1944 puis devient quotidien le 4 septembre 1945 (jour anniversaire de la proclamation de la ). Gabriel Thierry signe l'éditorial de ces deux numéros.

Élu local de 1945 à 1971

Gabriel Thierry est élu maire de Sainte-Savine pour la première fois en avril 1945. Réélu ensuite à chaque scrutin, il occupera cette fonction jusqu'en mars 1971.

Il est élu conseiller général du deuxième canton de Troyes en septembre 1945 et devient le mois suivant président du Conseil général de l'Aube (jusqu'au 30 mars 1949).

Il est de nouveau élu conseiller général en 1965 et 1970 mais doit abandonner ce dernier mandat en 1971 pour raison de santé.

Gabriel Thierry décède le 7 août 1972 au centre hospitalier de Troyes. Il est inhumé à Sainte-Savine.

Distinctions
Précisées sur le site de l'Ordre de la Libération :
  (quatre citations)
 , par décret du 5 juin 1925
  (deux citations)

 , décret du 20 janvier 1946
 , par décret du 22 août 1946
  par décret du 31 mars 1947
  (Royaume-Uni), par décret du 21 août 1945, présenté le 24 octobre 1947
 , par décret du 1 février 1962

Hommage
A Sainte-Savine, l'avenue où est situé le collège public de la commune est baptisée du nom de Gabriel Thierry.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Gabriel Thierry, chef du service de sabotages ferroviaires de Libération-Nord, sur le musée de la Résistance en ligne.
 THIERRY Gabriel, Jean, Hubert dit Mismer, sur Le Maitron en ligne.

Titulaire de la croix de guerre 1914-1918
Titulaire de la croix de guerre 1939-1945
Résistant français
Compagnon de la Libération
Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur promu en 1962
Titulaire de la médaille de la Résistance française
Titulaire de la King's Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom
Naissance à Chaumont (Haute-Marne)
Naissance en août 1896
Décès à Troyes
Décès en août 1972
Décès à 75 ans

Gabriel Thierry


Nepokretno kulturno dobro, je kulturno dobro, nepokretne stvari koje su od umjetničkoga, povijesnoga, paleontološkoga, arheološkoga, antropološkog i znanstvenog značenja. To su arheološka nalazišta i arheološke zone, krajolici i njihovi dijelovi koji svjedoče o čovjekovoj prisutnosti u prostoru, a imaju umjetničku, povijesnu i antropološku vrijednost, zatim - zgrade, odnosno prostori u kojima se trajno čuvaju ili izlažu kulturna dobra i dokumentacija o njima. Nepokretno kulturno dobro može biti:
- grad, selo, naselje ili njegov dio,
- građevina ili njezini dijelovi, te građevina s okolišem,
- elementi povijesne opreme naselja,
- područje, mjesto, spomenik i obilježje u svezi s povijesnim događajima i osobama,
- arheološko nalazište i arheološka zona, uključujući i podvodna nalazišta i zone,
- područje i mjesto s etnološkim i toponimskim sadržajima,
- krajolik ili njegov dio koji sadrži povijesno karakteristične strukture, koje svjedoče o čovjekovoj nazočnosti u prostoru,
- vrtovi, perivoji i parkovi,
- tehnički objekt s uređajima i drugi slični objekti.
Nepokretno kulturno dobro podliježe sustavu zaštite, očuvanja, čuvanja, održavanja, sprovođenja zaštite, i za nj je nadležno određeno tijelo. U Hrvatskoj je to Konzervatorski odjel Ministarstva kulture, na čijem se području kulturno dobro nalazi, a za područje Grada Zagreba Gradski zavod za zaštitu spomenika kulture i prirode u Zagrebu.

Kulturno-povijesnom cjelinom smatra se naselje ili dio naselja, kao i područje, koji su zaštićeni kao kulturno dobro.

Izvori

Nepokretno kulturno dobro


Kullanımı
 Kocaeli, İvrindi, Balıkesir ili İvrindi ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Kocaeli, Türkiye de il

Ayrıca bakınız

Dış bağlantılar
 Türk Dil Kurumu' nda kelime arama

Kocaeli (anlam ayrımı)


Su Alteza el príncipe es una escultura-objeto realizada por Joan Miró el 1974 y que actualmente forma parte de la colección permanente de la Fundación Joan Miró de Barcelona.

Contexto
Su Alteza el príncipe, junto con Su Majestad la reina y Su Majestad el rey forman parte de un conjunto de esculturas realizadas en 1974 cuando Miró vive un momento de gran reconocimiento internacional. Ese mismo año se haría una gran retrospectiva sobre su obra entre el Grand Palais y el Museé d'Art Moderne de París en el mes de mayo donde estas tres obras serían expuestas por primera vez. Dos años antes se había celebrado la muestra Magnetic Fields en Museo Solomon R. Guggenheim de Nueva York y Miró bronces en el Hayward Gallery de Londres. También es el año en que se está trabajando en el Centro de Estudios de Arte Contemporáneo (CEAC), futura Fundación Miró de Barcelona, que abriría al público el 10 de junio de 1975. Este contexto de reconocimiento artístico internacional contrasta con la dura situación que se vive en España en los últimos años de la dictadura. En febrero Miró había pintado el trípticoLa esperanza del condenado a muerte , preocupado por la condena del activista Salvador Puig Antich que finalmente sería ejecutado en garrote vil  el 2 de marzo de 1974. Juan Carlos de Borbón, entonces Príncipe de España, hacía 5 años que había jurado lealtad a los principios del "Movimiento Nacional" como futuro sucesor de Franco como jefe de estado. No había ninguna garantía de que la dictadura tocara a fin. Kerryn Greensberg ve en este conjunto un comentario a la situación política del momento, junto a una crítica a la concepción patriarcal del "monumento" commemorativo.

Miró ya había trabajado en obras de crítica a la autoridad en torno al personaje de Ubú rey en 1966. Este conjunto de obras donde la grandilocuencia del cargo contrasta con la humildad de los materiales se podría inscribir en esta línea. A lo largo de su carrera Miró cuestiona reiteradamente la idea de "monumento", buscando la forma de que sus piezas subviertan la función estética convencional de la escultura conmemorativa de forma que desafíe el poder en vez de celebrarlo. Ya muerto Franco, en el discurso de aceptación de su nombramiento como doctor honoris causapor la Universidad de Barcelona, en 1979, habló de la responsabilidad cívica del artista:

Descripción
El grupo de esculturas Su Alteza el príncipe, Su Majestad la reina y Su majestad el rey forman parte de un conjunto de esculturas realizadas - como hacía a menudo Miró-a partir de objetos encontrados. El origen cotidiano de los elementos que forman las esculturas-objeto contradicen el título.

Concretamente "Su Alteza el príncipe" está formado por dos maderas largas unidas entras sí y coronadas por un cuerno atornillada de chivo. Algunas partes de los materiales conservan su color original y otras están pintadas con pintura azul, roja o amarilla.

Existe una fotografía de esta obra apoyada en el banco y la fachada de la casa de Son Boter (actualmente integrada en el recinto de la Fundación Pilar y Joan Miró, en Mallorca) que hace pensar que se habría realizado en el taller de la isla a partir de elementos cotidianos de la vida en el campo.

En el catálogo para la exposición en la Tate Modern, en 2011, Kerryn Greensberg ofrece la descripción siguiente de esta pieza:

La actividad creadora, la expresión plástica Joan Miró es una vivencia estrechamente relacionada con su entorno físico y social. El arraigo a la tierra en el cosmos, los objetos cotidianos, sencillos, a menudo vinculados al mundo rural son fuentes de inspiración que estimulan su capacidad onírica y dan carácter universal a la obra. Los objetos encontrados, elementos tradicionales, objetos del entorno campesino, de Mont-roig o Mallorca, son transformados en esculturas.

La elección de Miró para estos materiales no es estética sino que se siente atraído por la energía que irradia cada objeto.

Exposiciones
Esta obra ha sido expuesta en:
 1974. París. Grand Palais. Retrospectiva Joan Mirónúmero en catálogo: 276
 1980. Madrid. La Caixa.
 1986. Madrid. Centro de Arte Reina Sofía. Miró escultornúmero en catálogo: 45, reproducción pàg.104
 1987. Barcelona, Fundación Miró. Miró escultornúmero en catálogo: 45, reproducción pàg.104
 1987. Colonia. Ludwig Museum. Miró escultornúmero en catálogo: 45, reproducción pàg.104
 2011. Londres. Tate Modern. Miró

Referencias

Bibliografía

Esculturas de Joan Miró
Esculturas de España de los años 1970
Esculturas de 1974
España en 1974

Su Alteza el príncipe


ملعب سانت إليا ملعب كرة قدم يقع في مدينة كالياري الإيطالية . يعتبر الملعب الرئيسي لمباريات نادي كالياري لغاية 2012 . تم افتتاحه في 1970 ويتسع لحضور 23486 متفرج .

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 1970
ملاعب كأس العالم 1990
س
نادي كالياري
ملاعب رياضية اكتملت في 1970
ملاعب رياضية في سردينيا
ملاعب الدوري الإيطالي

ملعب سانت إليا


Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X, or LGX (pronounced igg-drah-sill), is an early Linux distribution developed by Yggdrasil Computing, Incorporated, a company founded by Adam J. Richter in Berkeley, California.

Yggdrasil was the first company to create a live CD Linux distribution. Yggdrasil Linux described itself as a "Plug-and-Play" Linux distribution, automatically configuring itself for the hardware.

Yggdrasil is the World Tree of Norse mythology. The name was chosen because Yggdrasil took disparate pieces of software and assembled them into a complete product. Yggdrasil's company motto was "Free Software For The Rest of Us".

Yggdrasil is compliant with the Unix Filesystem Hierarchy Standard.

History and releases

Yggdrasil announced their 'bootable Linux/GNU/X-based UNIX(R) clone for PC compatibles' on 25 November 1992 and made the first release on 8 December 1992.
This alpha release contained the 0.98.1 version of the Linux kernel, the v11r5 version of the X Window System supporting up to 1024x768 with 256 colours, various GNU utilities such as their C/C++ compiler, the GNU Debugger, bison, flex, and make, TeX, groff, Ghostscript, the elvis and Emacs editors, and various other software. Yggdrasil's alpha release required a 386 computer with 8 MB RAM and 100 MB hard disk. The alpha release was missing some of the source code of some of the packages, such as elvis.

A beta release was made on 18 February 1993. The beta's cost was US$60. LGX's beta release in 1993 contained the 0.99.5 version of the Linux kernel, along with other software from GNU and X. By 22 August 1993, the Yggdrasil company had sold over 3100 copies of the LGX beta distribution.

The production release version carried a pricetag of US$99. However, Yggdrasil was offered for free to any developer whose software was included with the CD distribution. According to an email from the company's founder the marginal cost of each subscription was $35.70.

Early Yggdrasil releases were also available from stores selling CD-ROM software.

A community effort in continuing the development of Yggdrasil was started in early 2022, with plans for alpha release in early 2022. This doesn't appear to have eventuated as of October 2023.

Yggdrasil Computing, Incorporated
Adam J. Richter started the Yggdrasil company together with Bill Selmeier. Richter spoke to Michael Tiemann about setting up a business, but was not interested in joining forces with Cygnus.

Richter was a member of League for Programming Freedom. Richter was using only a 200 MB hard disk when building the alpha release of LGX, which prevented him from practically being able to include the source code of some of the packages contained in the CDROM.

Yggdrasil Incorporated published some of the early Linux compilation books, such as The Linux Bible: The GNU Testament (), and contributed significantly to file system and X Window System functionality of Linux in the early days of their operation.

The company moved to San Jose, California in 1996. In 1996, Yggdrasil Incorporated released the Winter 1996 edition of Linux Internet Archives; six CDs of Linux software from Tsx-11 and Sunsite, the GNU archive on prep.ai.mit.edu, the X11R6 archives including the free contributed X11R6 software from ftp.x.org, the Internet RFC standards, and a total of nine non-Yggdrasil Linux distributions.

The company remained active until at least year 2000, when it released the Linux Open Source DVD, but its website was taken offline afterwards and the company has not released anything since.

The company's last corporate filing was in January 2004. The California Secretary of State lists it as suspended.

The company once made an offer to donate 60% of the Yggdrasil CDROM sales revenues to the Computer Systems Research Group, but founder Adam J. Richter later indicated that the company would lose too much money and changed the offer accordingly, while still maintaining donations to CSRG.

The company also had volume discount plans.

See also

 Arena, a web browser once developed by Yggdrasil Computing
 MCC Interim Linux

References

External links
 Yggrasil Linux/GNU/X operating system distribution from 1995 (images)
 ibiblio's mirror of 1996's release of Yggrasil Linux/GNU/X operating system distribution (docs)
 DistroWatch on Yggdrasil

1992 software
Discontinued Linux distributions

Yggdrasil Linux/GNU/X


Ramón II. od Pallarsa (španjolski: Ramón II de Pallars) bio je španjolski plemić, grof Pallarsa koji je umro 995. Spomenut je u nekoliko povelja.

Bio je sin grofa Lopea I. i njegove supruge, grofice Gotrude. Također, bio je nećak grofa Isarna te unuk grofa Rajmonda, po kome je i nazvan.

Ramón je vladao Pallarsom zajedno sa svojom braćom Borrellom I. i Suñerom I., a naslijedio ga je nećak, Ermengol I. od Pallarsa.

Ramón je bio oženjen ženom zvanom Mayor, čiji su roditelji nepoznati.

Izvori

Grofovi Pallarsa

Ramón II. od Pallarsa


Die Deutschordensballei An der Etsch und im Gebirge (en alemán El Bailiaje de la Orden Teutónica en el Adigio y en las Montañas) era una provincia durante la Edad Media de la Orden Teutónica, creada en 1260 y formada en torno a Bolzano, en la actual provincia italiana del Tirol del Sur; su territorio correspondía a aproximadamente al Tirol histórico.

Parroquias

 Parroquia de Silandro
 Parroquia de Lengmoos, Ritten
 Parroquia de Sarnthein
 Parroquia de Sankt Leonhard in Passeier
 Parroquia de Sterzing (histórica)
 Parroquia de Siebeneich (Terlano)

Enlaces externos

Teocracia
Estados del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico
Organizaciones fundadas en el siglo XIII
Orden Teutónica
Historia de Alemania
Historia de Austria
Historia de Italia

An der Etsch


Azaghal may refer to:
 Azaghâl, a fictional dwarf in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth writings
 Azaghal (band), a Finnish black metal band

Azaghal


ඩේවිඩ් බෙන් ගූරියොන් (, උපතේදී  ඩේවිඩ් ගෲන්; (16 ඔක්තොම්බර් 1886 – 1 දෙසැම්බර් 1973) යනු, ඊශ්‍රායෙලයේ ප්‍රමුඛ ආදිකර්තෘ සහ  ඊශ්‍රායෙලයේ පළමු  අග්‍රාමාත්‍යවරයා විය.

ඩේවිඩ් බෙන් ගූරියොන්


Petalele (singular, petală) sunt frunze modificate care înconjoară floarea și protejează (înainte de deschiderea sa) organe reproductive ale plantei. Sunt adesea viu colorate sau se prezintă ca având forme neobișnuite pentru a atrage polenizatorii.

Toate petalele unei singure flori formează  corola  sa. Petalele sunt adesea protejate de un alt grup special de frunze modificate, numite sepale, care formeazăă caliciul florii, aflat imediat sub corolă.

Există plante la care nu se poate face distincția între petale și sepale; atunci ansamblul petalelor și sepalelor se numește colectiv tepale. Example de plante, la care termenul de tepale este corect, sunt genurile Aloe și Tulipa. Similar, genuri ca Rose și Phaseolus prezintă sepale și petale clar distincte.

Corola

Rolul corolei în evoluția plantelor a fost studiat intens de când Charles Darwin a postulat teoria originii corolelor elongate și a corolelor tubulare.

Dacă petalele sunt independente una de alta, atunci planta este polipetală, iar dacă sunt fuzionate, cel puțin parțial, atunci planta este gamopetală. Corola unor anumite plante este tubulară.

Variații

Petalele variază "dramatic" pentru diferite specii. Numărul de petale ale unei flori sunt importante în clasificarea plantei. Spre exemplu, florile eudicotiledonatelor (cel mai mare grup de dicotiledonate) au cel mai adesea patru sau cinci petale, în timp ce florile monocotiledonatelor au trei sau șase petale, deși există și excepții.

Genetică

Referințe

Bibliografie

Botanică
Morfologia plantelor
Polenizare
Sistemul de reproducere al plantelor

Petală


Académie du Climat de Paris est un lieu de repère dans la mairie du  arrondissement de Paris fondé par la Mairie de Paris qui a ouvert ses portes le 15 septembre 2021. Il a pour objectif de répondre aux enjeux du réchauffement climatique par tous.

La création
L'histoire de ce projet commence en 2019 lorsque la Ville de Paris a décrété l'urgence climatique. Le pic de pollution parisien de 2019 provoque un effet de prise de conscience de la mairie parisienne. Le projet est voté au Conseil de Paris en 2019 mais le dossier finira par être remis sur le bureau un an plus tard après la réélection d'Anne Hidalgo au poste de maire de Paris. Il est l'une des branches du projet écologique que la maire veut mener pour Paris.

Cependant, après la décision votée, il faut maintenant trouver un lieu pour cette académie. Le nouveau Paris Centre regroupant les quatre premiers arrondissements laisse vide la Mairie du 4e arrondissement. C'est elle qui sera choisie pour l'accueil des jeunes du climat.

L'objectif
Ce lieu a pour but d'être le nouveau repère de l'écologie à Paris. En ouvrant ce lieu la mairie veut se donner le moyen de pouvoir éduquer, expliquer, apprendre et mieux connaître le défi climatique. Il est ouvert en semaine aux classes d'école, aux associations, aux conférences et aux multiples expositions. Différents parcours pédagogiques ont lieu sur des différentes thématiques pour que les jeunes de 9 à 15 ans découvrent les enjeux de la transition écologique et du développement durable.Ce projet se veut participatif pour les citoyens parisiens. La mairie a donc totalement réaménagé les lieux avec une cour végétalisée et aussi des espaces de travail pour les étudiants des écoles supérieures de Paris.

Les projets
Cette académie va s'articuler selon cinq grands projets :

 Faire de l'Académie du Climat une institution qui discute de la question climatique sous tous ses aspects.
 En faire un lieu d'apprentissage avec des débats, des discussions, tout en donnant l'envie aux jeunes de s'approprier et d'agir pour cette cause.
 Intégrer entièrement les jeunes dans la création de cette académie à travers la construction d'une gouvernance partagée sur l'offre et le fonctionnement du lieu.
 S'accompagner d'un référent de l'Académie pour aider les jeunes dans la création de projets écologiques et environnementaux.
 Créer des espaces de travail pour les étudiants ainsi que des cercles de parole.

Références

Voir aussi

Article connexe

 Mairie de Paris
 Maire du 4e arrondissement
Environnement à Paris

Liens externes

 academieduclimat.paris

Administration municipale à Paris
Écologisme

Académie du Climat (Paris)


Vodun ve Dahomey mitolojisinde, Mawu yaratıcı baş tanrı Nana Buluku'nun kızıdır. Yaratıcı bir tanrıça olan Mawu ay ve güneş ile de özdeşleştirilmiştir, genelde ay-tanrıça olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bazı mitlere göre, güneş tanrısı Lisa'nın eşi ve ikiz kız kardeşidir; diğer mitlere göre ise Mawu ve Lisa çift cinsiyetli ve çift yönlü bir tanrının, Mawu-Lisa, iki farklı yüzüdür, belki güneş ve ay şeklinde. Nana Buluku'nun çocukları olan Mawu ve Lisa, Xevioso'nun ebeveynidirler.

Mawu, Mahu diye de anılır.

Dahomey tanrıçaları
Vodun ilahları
Yaratıcı tanrıçalar
Ay tanrıçaları
Güneş tanrıçaları

Mawu


Alison Rodriguez, née le , est une joueuse de pétanque française.

Biographie

Elle est droitière et se positionne en pointeuse, voire milieu.

Clubs
 ?-? : APL Firminy (Loire)
 ?-? : Envol d'Andrézieux-Bouthéon (Loire)
 ?-? : Joyeux Cochonnet Cournonnais (Puy-de-Dôme)
 ?-? : Pétanque Arlancoise (Puy-de-Dôme)
 ?- : JP Rumilly (Haute-Savoie)

Palmarès

Jeunes

Championnats d'Europe
 Championne d'Europe espoirs
 Triplette 2015 (avec Anaïs Lapoutge, Audrey Bandiera et Cindy Peyrot) :  Équipe de France
 Triplette 2016 (avec Cindy Peyrot, Caroline Bourriaud et Audrey Bandiera) :  Équipe de France
 Triplette 2018 (avec Céline Lebossé, Emma Picard et Caroline Bourriaud) :  Équipe de France
 Triplette 2019 (avec Céline Lebossé, Emma Picard et Caroline Bourriaud) :  Équipe de France
 Troisième
 Triplette 2017 (avec Aurélie Borie, Léa Escoda et Caroline Bourriaud) :  Équipe de France

Séniors

Championnats de France
 Championne de France
 Triplette 2015 (avec Angélique Colombet et Cindy Peyrot) : JC Cournon d'Auvergne

Mondial La Marseillaise
 Vainqueur
 2018 (avec Céline Lebossé et Caroline Bourriaud)

Millau

Mondial à pétanque de Millau (2003-2015)
 Vainqueur
 Doublette 2015 (avec Cindy Peyrot)

EuroPétanque de Nice
 Vainqueur
 Triplette 2019 (avec Daisy Frigara et Caroline Bourriaud)

Passion Pétanque Française (PPF)
 Vainqueur
 Triplette 2019 (avec Céline Lebossé et Caroline Bourriaud)

Références

Liens externes

Joueuse française de pétanque
Championne de France de pétanque
Naissance en avril 1997
Lieu de naissance inconnu
Article à illustrer Pétanque

Alison Rodriguez


Martin Waldseemüller Latince ismi ile Martinus Ilacomilus veya Hylacomylus (d. 1470, Freiburg - ö. 1521 ya da 1522) Alman bir kartograftı.

Radolfzell'de doğdu (Katolik Ansiklopedisine göre Wolfenweiler, Freiburg'a yakın) ve Freiburg Üniversitesi'nde öğrenim gördü. 1507 tarihli "Universalis Cosmographia" ya da diğer ismiyle "Waldseemüller Haritası" isimli dünya haritasını yapmıştır. Bu harita Amerika kelimesinin geçtiği ilk haritadır, ancak haritada Kuzey Amerika Kıtası eksiktir.

Amerigo Vespucci, Latince yazdığı yazılarını kendi adının Latincesi olarak düşündüğü "Americus Vespucius" adıyla imzalamıştı. Waldseemüller bu sebeple yeni keşfedilmiş Güney Amerika Kıtası'na, Vespucci'nin ilk adının Latince formundan yola çıkarak, 1507 tarihli dünya haritasında America ismini koydu; ancak 1513 tarihli kendisine ait başka bir dünya haritasında "America" ismini verdiği bölgeye "bilinmeyen topraklar" anlamına gelen "Terra Incognita" ismini vererek "America" ifadesinde değişikliğe gitmiştir. Bu değişikliğin sebebi kimi tarihçilere göre Waldeseemüller'in Cabot'un haritalarında gördüğü bir ismin kökenini açıklamaya çalışma kaygısıyla "America" ismini kullanması ve bu sebeple daha önce kullanılmış ismin bölgesinden emin olmaması şeklinde yorumlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

1470 doğumlular
Baden-Württemberg doğumlular

15. yüzyılda Almanlar
16. yüzyılda Almanlar
Alman coğrafyacılar
Alman kartograflar
Hristiyan papazlar
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Martin Waldseemüller


Dvorac Sv. Križ Začretje je višeslojni objekt u općini Sveti Križ Začretje, zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Dvokatni dvorac, dominantno smješten na istočnoj strani trga u Sv. Križu Začretju, svojim glavnim pročeljem gleda na dolinu rijeke Krapinice, dok se u njega ulazi s dvorišne strane kroz aleju kestenova i vrtni portal na njezinom početku. Tlocrta u obliku slova "V" s dva duga, međusobno razmaknuta krila, spojena polutornjem, nosi obilježja kasnobaroknog klasicizma. Pročelja dvorca imaju jednostavnu, geometriziranu plastičnu artikulaciju. Građen u nekoliko etapa tijekom 18. st. nekoć je bio u posjedu velikaških obitelji Keglević, Sermage i Vranyczany. Vrijednost i osobitost daje mu perivoj nastao krajem 18. st. U sklopu dvorca očuvala se jednokatna žitnica i prizemna staja.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-1730 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro – pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "profana graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene stambene građevine u Krapinsko-zagorskoj županiji
Dvorci u Hrvatskoj

Dvorac (Sv. Križ Začretje)


1957 Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması, 2. Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması'dır. Bir önceki yarışma gibi daha çok radyodan dinlenen yarışmanın televizyon seyircisinde de artış görüldü.

Almanya'nın ev sahibi olmasında bir önceki yıl Walter Andreas Schwarz tarafından seslendirlien "Das Lied vom Großen Glück" adlı şarkının ikinci olmasının rolü olduğu söylentileri çıktıysa da bu gerçek değildi. Ev sahibi, daha birinci olanın ev sahibi olması kuralı çıkmadığından, dönüşümlü olarak katılan ülkeler arasında değişimli olarak seçilecekti. Bu kural ileriki yıllarda katılımın artmasıyla praktik olmaktan çıktı.

Hollanda'nın kazandığı ilk yarışmaydı.

Yer

Yarışma, Batı Almanya'daki en büyük şehirlerden biri olan Frankfurt'ta (ya da sadece Frankfurt'ta) yapıldı. Ev sahibi mekan, Frankfurt am Main'da bulunan bir bina, müzik salonu ve eski bir televizyon stüdyosu olan Großer Sendesaal des Hessischen Rundfunks'du. Bugün müzik salonu olarak kullanılmaktadır.

1940'ların başlarında II. Dünya Savaşı'nda harap olduktan sonra, Frankfurt 1950'lerde Avrupa'nın en önemli finans merkezlerinden biri haline geldi. Hem ulusal hem de uluslararası finans kurumlarından gelen yatırımlarla yarışma yılı 1957'de, Frankfurt'un yüksek katlı binaların merkezi oldu.

Format
Bu yılki İtalyan şarkısının 5 dakikadan fazla sürmesi bunun yanında İngiltere şarkısının da 1 buçuk kadar sürmesi yüzünden şarkıların 3 dakikadan uzun olamayacağı kuralı getirildi ve bu kural hâlen uygulanmaktadır.

Birthe Wilke ve Gustav Winckler şarkılarının sonunda yaptıkları uzun öpüşme bütün Eurovision Şarkı Yarışmaları boyuncaki en uzun öpüşmeydi. Bu olayı yalnız televizyonu olabilen seyirciler izleyebilmişlerdi.

Katılımcı ülkeler

Almanya, Belçika, Fransa, Hollanda, İsviçre, İtalya ve Lüksemburg 1956'daki iki katılımlarının ardından ikinci kez katılmışlardır. Avusturya ve Danimarka ilk kez katılmış; bu ülkeler 1956 yılında ilk defa katılmak isteseler de, Avrupa Yayın Birliği'nin o yıl şarkı alımlarını kapatmasının ardından başvurduları için katılamamıştır. bu ülkelerin katılmasıyla yarışmaya katılan ülke sayısı 10'a yükselmiş, böylece ilk yapılan yarışmaya yedi ülke katılmıştır.

Sonuçlar

Puan Tablosu

Yeniden katılan şarkıcılar

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Resmî site

1957 Eurovision Şarkı Yarışması


Šepec bzw. Sepec ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Daniel Sepec (* 1965), deutscher Geiger
 Miha Šepec (* um 1955), slowenischer Badmintonspieler
 Miha Šepec jr. (* 1984), slowenischer Badmintonspieler

Šepec


Arif Erkin Güzelbeyoğlu (d. 11 Eylül 1935, Gaziantep), Türk mimar, müzisyen, oyuncu.

Tiyatroya amatör olarak Genç Oyuncular'da başladı. Dostlar Tiyatrosu'nun kuruluşunda yer aldı. Tiyatroda oyunculuğun yanı sıra oyun müziklerini de yaptı. Otuz yıl İstanbul Belediyesi'nde bürokratlık yaptı. Birçok televizyon yapımının müziklerini ve "Umut", "Ağıt", "Değirmen" gibi filmlerin müziklerini yaptı. Dizi oyuncusu olarak "İkinci Bahar" dizisindeki rolü ile ünlendi.

Hayatı ve kariyeri
1935 yılında Gaziantep'te doğdu. Güzelbeyzade adlı bir Türkmen boyundan gelen soyadı Güzelbeyoğlu olarak Türkçeleştirilmiştir.

Yükseköğrenim için İstanbul'a gidene kadar Gaziantep'te yaşadı. Lise yıllarında tiyatroya ve müziğe ilgi duydu. Gaziantep Lisesinde öğrenciliği sırasında 1950 yılında bir yarışma sonucu Moliere'in Hastalık Hastası oyunundaki başrolü ile amatör olarak tiyatro hayatına başladı. Lise öğretmeninden keman dersleri aldı.

İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesinde mimarlık, Devlet Opera ve Balesi'nin, Opera Dershanesi'nde müzik eğitimi aldı. İstanbul Radyosu'nda solist ve korist olarak çalıştı. Önce Genç Oyuncular tiyatro grubunun kuruluşunda yer aldı. Okulu bitirip askerlik hizmetini yaptıktan sonra 1964 yılında Gülriz Sururi-Engin Cezzar Tiyatrosu'nda Refik Erduran'ın "Direklerarası" adlı müzikalindeki rolü ile profesyonel oyunculuğa başladı. Oyunun müziklerini de yapan Arif Erkin, Haldun Taner'in "Zilli Zarife" ve "Vatan Kurtaran Şaban" adlı oyunlarının da müziklerini yaptı.

Genco Erkal tarafından Gençler Tiyatrosu'nun devamı olarak kurulan Dostlar Tiyatrosu'nun kuruluşunda yer aldı. Dostlar Tiyatrosu'nun ilk beş yılı boyunca tüm oyunlarının müziklerini yaptı.

İstanbul Belediyesi İmar Müdürlüğünde 30 yıl çalıştı. Beşiktaş Belediyesinde İmar Müdürü ve Teknik Başkan Yardımcılığı görevi yaptıktan sonra emekli oldu. Memurluk hayatı sırasında tiyatro ve müziğe devam etti. Bir süre sonra oyunculuğa ara verdi ve sadece oyun müzikleri yaptı.

Umut, Karakolda Ayna Var, Gramafon Avrat, Bir Milyara Çocuk ve Bizimkiler gibi pek çok görsel yapımın müziklerine emek verdi. Umut filmi ile 1969 Adana Altın Koza Film Festivali'nde En İyi Müzik Ödülü'nü aldı.

Keşanlı Ali Destanı filmi ile başladığı oyunculuk hayatında ünlenmesi, İkinci Bahar dizisi ile oldu. 2004-2007 yılları arasında Yabancı Damat dizisinde "Memik Dede" karakterini canlandırdı. 2007 yapımı Beyaz Melek adlı sinema filminde de "Mala Ahmet" karakterini canlandırdı. Daha sonra Canım Ailem dizisinde "Cabbar Ağa" rolünü, Muhteşem Yüzyıl adlı dizide "Piri Mehmet Paşa" adlı Divan Üyesini canlandırdı; Doksanlar, Kadim Dostum ve  Çoban Yıldızı adlı dizilerde yer aldı. Müziğiyle sinemaya yaptığı katkılardan ötürü 2021 yılında İzmir Uluslararası Film ve Müzik Festivali'nde Onur Ödülü ile ödüllendirildi.

Tiyatro oyunları
 Bedreddin
 Ezenler Ezilenler Başkaldıranlar
 Havana Duruşması
 Rosenbergler Ölmemeli
 Soruşturma

Filmografisi
 1989: Bizimkiler - Hakkı / Sabri Bey'in öğrencisi
 1990: Bir Milyara Bir Çocuk
 1993: Yazlıkçılar - Cavit
 1998: İkinci Bahar - Zülfikar Ağa
 1998: Keşanlı Ali Destanı 2001: Yeditepe İstanbul - Hüseyin
 2003: Sultan Makamı - Nusret 2004: Halk Düşmanı 2004-2007: Yabancı Damat - Memik Dede
 2007: Beyaz Melek 2007: Karayılan - Mamo Ağa
 2008: Arka Sokaklar 2008: Kalpsiz Adam - Ekrem
 2008: Tatlı Bela Fadime - Temel Dede
 2009: Canım Ailem - Cabbar Ağa
 2009: Gecenin Kanatları - Hasan
 2011: Hayat Devam Ediyor - İbrahim Bakırcı
 2011: Muhteşem Yüzyıl - Piri Mehmet Paşa
 2012: Old Clock - Yaşlı Adam (Saat Bekçisi) 2013: Benimle Oynar mısın? - Şeref Baba
 2013-2014: Doksanlar - Mustafa Tuncay
 2014: Güzel Köylü - Fırat Dinler
 2014: Kadim Dostum - Bayram Kadim 2014: Hayat Sana Güzel - Kaptan
 2016: Aşk Yalanı Sever - Hüseyin Koçoğlu 2017: Aile Arasında - Dede
 2017: Bütün Saadetler Mümkündür - Mevlüt 2017: Çoban Yıldızı - Mustafa Zahir 2017: Vezir Parmağı - Koyun dedesi
 2018: Cici Babam - Abdukadir'in dedesi
 2019: Güvercin - Emmi
 2020: Menajerimi Ara - Kendisi
 2023: Güven Bana''

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1935 doğumlular
İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk erkek tiyatro oyuncuları
Türk erkek sinema oyuncuları
20. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
21. yüzyıl Türk bestecileri
Türk erkek dizi oyuncuları
Gaziantep doğumlu sanatçılar
Yaşayan insanlar
Türkiye'deki belediye yöneticileri

Arif Erkin Güzelbeyoğlu


Yoshinari Hyakutake (født 21. november 1977) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Cerezo Osaka.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Yoshinari Hyakutake