Campionatul Națiunilor de Handbal Masculin din Asia este competiția oficială pentru seniorii naționalelor de handbal din Asia, și are loc la fiecare doi ani. În plus față de încoronarea campioanei din Asia, turneul de asemenea, servește ca un turneu de calificare pentru Jocurile Olimpice și pentru Campionatul Mondial de Handbal. A început în 1977 iar campioana actuală este Qatar care a câștigat turneul 2014.

Doar patru națiuni de-a lungul anilor a câștigat campionatul: Coreea de Sud a câștigat nouă titluri, Kuwait patru titluri Japonia două titluri și Qatar un titlu.

Gazde

Clasament

Top Medalii

Rezultate Finale

Vezi și
 Campionatul de Handbal Feminin din Asia

 Campionatul European de Handbal Masculin
 Campionatul European de Handbal Feminin

 Campionatul Mondial de Handbal Masculin
 Campionatul Mondial de Handbal Feminin

 Campionatul Pan American de Handbal Masculin
 Campionatul Pan American de Handbal Feminin

 Campionatul de Handbal masculin din Africa
 Campionatul de Handbal Feminin din Africa

Legături externe
 Site oficial al competiției

Competiții de handbal

Campionatul de Handbal Masculin din Asia


Anne-Marie Mukwayanzo Mpundu, née en République démocratique du Congo, est la secrétaire exécutive de la ville province de Kinshasa à la Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante (CENI) .

Biographie

Anne-Marie Mukwayanzo Mpundu, née en république démocratique du Congo, détentrice d'un diplôme en relations internationales. Elle a également suivi une formation sur la gestion des conflits et les droits humains, spécialisée dans les droits des femmes et sur le genre et le développement durable.
Elle préside l'organisation des Femmes Chrétiennes pour la Démocratie et le Development (FCDD).

Notes et références

Liens externes

Personnalité politique congolaise (RDC)
Société civile congolaise (RDC)

Anne-Marie Mukwayanzo Mpundu


was a town located in Minaminaka District, Miyazaki, Japan.

As of 2008, the town had an estimated population of 4,859 and a population density of 27.2 persons per km². The town's total area was 178.49 km².

On March 30, 2009, Kitagō, along with the town of Nangō (also from Minaminaka District), was merged into the expanded city of Nichinan. Minaminaka District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

It was bordered by Nichinan City to the south and east; Kiyotake Town and Miyazaki City to the north; and Mimata Town to the west.

Kitago literally means "north shire". The town is in the northern part of the former Obi Shire, Himuka.

History
The town was established as a village in 1889 by merging the villages of Gonohara, Ofuji and Kitagawachi; which was later elevated to town status in 1959.

Land use

Rice Field:      2.2%
Other Farmland:  1.1%
Residential:     1.1%
Mountain Forest: 88.2%
Wilderness:      0.1%
Mixed Use:       3.9%
Other:           3.3%

References

External links
 Nichinan official website

Dissolved municipalities of Miyazaki Prefecture
Nichinan, Miyazaki

Kitagō, Miyazaki (Minaminaka)


Hagen-Emst, Almanya'nın Kuzey Ren-Vestfalya eyaletinde, Hagen kentine bağlı idari bölge. Emst adı, ilk kez 1313 yılında Emhorst, 1397'de Einhorst, 1414 ise Emhorn olarak kayıtlara geçmiştir. 1656 yılından itibaren Emst, yani şimdiki haliyle kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.

Hagen'in semtleri

Hagen-Emst


Elifasi Msomi (1910 - 10 de fevereiro de 1956), também conhecido como O Assassino do Machado (The Axe Killer) foi um serial killer sul-africano condenado em 1955 por 15 assassinatos, todos cometidos na província KwaZulu-Natal. Condenado à morte por enforcamento, foi executado em Pretória em 1956.

Os crimes

Um homem da etnia zulu, Msomi era um xamã (sangoma) mal sucedido. Buscando ajuda profissional, ele consultou outro sangoma. Msomi afirmou em sua defesa que durante essa consulta ele foi tomado por um espírito maligno, um tokoloshe, que passou a acompanhá-lo sentado em seu ombro. Em agosto de 1953, sob a instrução do tokoloshe, ele pegou um machado (axe) e começou uma matança nos vales Umkomaas e Umzimkulu, na província KwaZulu-Natal, que durou 18 meses, fazendo 15 vítimas.

Sua primeira vítima foi uma jovem que ele estuprou e assassinou na presença de sua namorada e cujo sangue manteve numa garrafa. Não impressionada com seus "novos" poderes, sua namorada alertou a polícia, que prendeu Msomi. No entanto, ele conseguiu escapar pouco depois, dando crédito por sua fuga ao todo-poderoso tokoloshe.

Após fugir, matou cinco crianças e foi preso novamente. Ele conseguiu fugir outra vez da prisão, mas foi aprendido um mês depois por furto. Os itens roubados pertenciam a suas vítimas e ele logo foi identificado como o culpado pelos assassinatos.

Msomi prontamente ajudou a polícia a encontrar partes do restos mortais de suas vítimas, incluindo um crânio.

Durante seu julgamento, Msomi afirmou que era apenas um canal para o tokoloshe. Dois psicólogos discordaram, afirmando que ele tinha inteligência acima da média e, além disso, obtinha prazer sexual ao infligir dor.

Msomi foi condenado à morte por enforcamento na Prisão Central de Pretória e a pena foi executada em 10 de fevereiro de 1956.

A referência de Msomi ao tokoloshe e suas inúmeras fugas, no entanto, causaram um alto nível de consternação entre alguns da comunidade zulu. A pedido, o juiz permitiu que uma delegação de nove chefes e anciãos zulus assistissem ao enforcamento para confirmar que o tokoloshe de fato não salvaria Msomi de sua morte. Mesmo assim, um chefe sentiu que Msomi poderia retornar após a morte como um tokoloshe ele mesmo.

O tokoloshe é um espírito maligno tradicional do folclore zulu e que causa medo em muitos sul-africanos. "Assassinato, roubo e estupro são todos igualmente tolerados pelos nativos zulus se seu perpetrador puder provar a seus vizinhos que um tikoloshe o forçou ao ato. Até mesmo os tribunais do homem branco de vez em quando consideraram a influência de tikoloshe um fator atenuante em crimes graves", escreveu a Time à época.

Ver também

 Assassino em série
 Lista de assassinos em série por número de vítimas
 Christopher Mhlengwa Zikode
 Moses Sithole

Referências

Sumário

Assassinos em série
Sul-africanos
Mortos em 1956
Criminosos da África do Sul
Pessoas executadas pela África do Sul

Elifasi Msomi


Tratatul de la Satu Mare (sau Pacea de la Satu Mare) a fost un tratat de pace încheiat la Satu Mare (azi oraș din România) pe 29 aprilie 1711 între împăratul habsburgic Carol al VI-lea, moșierii maghiari și rebelii curuți. El a pus capăt în mod oficial Răscoalei lui Rákóczi, care începuse în 1703.

În Războiul dintre Liga Sfântă și Imperiul Otoman, forțele Monarhiei Habsburgice au cucerit o mare parte a Ungarei Otomane. Cu toate acestea, noii ocupanți s-au confruntat curând cu rezistența magnaților maghiari conduși de Francisc Rákóczi al II-lea, ce a culminat cu răscoala lui Rákóczi, care s-a răspândit din 1703 în Ungaria de Sus (teritoriu aflat astăzi în cea mai mare parte în Slovacia), Transilvania și Rutenia Carpatică. Trupele rebelilor au fost învinse decisiv în 1708 de o armată habsburgică condusă de feldmareșalul Sigbert Heister, susținută de forțele rasciene (sârbe), în Bătălia de la Trencsén. Deoarece conflictul mocnea în continuare, președintele Hofkriegsrat-ului prințul Eugen de Savoia l-a numit pe feldmareșalul maghiar loialist János Pálffy ca negociator-șef. În noiembrie 1710 Pálffy a luat legătura cu comandantul militar antihabsburgic Sándor Károlyi și a obținut un armistițiu pe 13 ianuarie 1711.

Pálffy și Rákóczi s-au întâlnit la Vaja pe 31 ianuarie 1711; cu toate acestea, Rákóczi a respins condițiile de pace propuse. Pe 21 februarie 1711 el a plecat în Polonia pentru a solicita sprijin țarului Petru cel Mare, care era implicat în Marele Război al Nordului. Rákóczi l-a numit pe Sándor Károlyi comandant-șef al cetăților rămase sub controlul curuților și a interzis explicit orice alte negocieri de pace. Károlyi a ignorat ordinul și a convocat o adunare a insurgenților la Satu Mare, care a decis pe 4 aprilie asupra condițiilor preliminare de pace și a ordonat o încetare a focului.

Pe 17 aprilie 1711 împăratul habsburgic Iosif I a murit și i-a succedat fratele său, Carol al VI-lea, care a avut un interes vital pentru încetarea acțiunilor militare, urmărind obținerea coroanei Ungariei. Trimișii săi au ajuns la Satu Mare, iar feldmareșalul János Pálffy și Sándor Károlyi au ajuns curând la un acord. Când a aflat ce s-a întâmplat în lipsa lui, conducătorul rebel Rákóczi a fost furios, a refuzat orice concesie și s-a stabilit în Polonia. Tratatul a fost semnat oficial în 1 mai 1711 de către Pálffy, Károlyi, împreună cu numeroși delegați imperiali, maghiari, curuți și transilvăneni. Pe baza termenilor acordului, împăratul Carol a promis să mențină integritatea și autonomia teritoriilor Ungariei și Transilvaniei. Mai mult decât atât, acordul a acordat o amnistie generală insurgenților curuți. Impactul tratatului a fost evident în data de 1 mai 1711, atunci când 12.000 de foști susținători ai lui Rákóczi au jurat credință Casei de Habsburg.

Bibliografie

Legături externe
 Hungary - The Modern Period
 Hungarian History - Chapter VII
 Hungary before Socialist Industrialization
 WHKMLA: The Kuruc Rebellion, 1703-1711

Tratate ale Sfântului Imperiu Roman
Satu Mare

Tratatul de la Satu Mare


Zoltán Várkonyi (* 13. Mai 1912 in Budapest, Österreich-Ungarn; † 19. April 1979 ebenda) war ein ungarischer Filmregisseur, Drehbuchautor, Hochschullehrer und Schauspieler.

Leben

Várkonyi war eine der wichtigsten Personen des ungarischen Kulturlebens im 20. Jahrhundert. Er unterrichtete ab 1949 an der Budapester Theater- und Filmhochschule (Színművészeti Akadémia), die er ab 1972 auch führte. Seine Schüler waren unter anderem Sándor Pécsi, Vera Sennyei und Zoltán Latinovits. Várkonyi hat aktiv beim Aufbau des Ungarischen Fernsehens mitgewirkt. Er hat lange am Vígszínház in Budapest als Theaterregisseur und Direktor gearbeitet. Zweimal bekam er den Kossuth-Preis.

Filmografie (Auswahl)

Schauspieler
 1934: Meseautó
 1938: Fekete gyémántok
 1944: Kétszer kettő
 1945: Aranyóra
 1948: Tűz
 1948: Forró mezők
 1953: Föltámadott a tenger
 1965: A kőszívű ember fiai
 1966: Geschichte meiner Dummheit (Butaságom története)
 1966: Egy magyar nábob
 1966: Kárpáthy Zoltán
 1967: Tanulmány a nőkről
 1968: Egri csillagok
 1968: Az aranykesztyű lovagjai
 1969: Történelmi magánügyek
 1976: Fekete gyémántok

Regisseur
 1956: Keserű igazság
 1959: Sakknovella
 1960: Attentat im Morgengrauen (Merénylet)
 1963: Foto Haber
 1965: A kőszívű ember fiai
 1966: Egy magyar nábob
 1966: Kárpáthy Zoltán
 1968: Egri csillagok
 1976: Fekete gyémántok

Weblinks

Filmregisseur
Theaterregisseur
Drehbuchautor
Filmschauspieler
Kossuth-Preisträger
Ungar
Geboren 1912
Gestorben 1979
Mann

Zoltán Várkonyi


Qingdao (einnig stafsett Tsingtao; (kínverska: 青岛; rómönskun: Qīngdǎo) er stór hafnarborg í Alþýðulýðveldinu Kína, staðsett í austurhluta Shandong standhéraðs í Austur- Kína við Gulahaf til móts við Kóreuskaga. Á kínversku er þýðir nafn borgarinnar bókstaflega "bláeyja". Flestar íslenskar heimildir á 20. öld nefna borgina Tsingtao.

Borgin er mikilvæg menningar-, iðnaðar-, viðskipta -, og samskiptamiðstöð. Árið 2020 þegar síðasta manntal var gert í Kína, var íbúafjöldi borgarkjarna Qingdao 6.165.279 en íbúafjöldi undir lögsögu borgarinnar var 10.071.722.

Qingdao er mikil höfn og flotastöð, auk viðskipta- og fjármálamiðstöðvar. Það er heimili rafeindatæknifyrirtækja eins og Haier og Hisense. Jiaozhou-flóabrúin, tengir aðalþéttbýli Qingdao við Huangdao-hverfið, þvert á hafsvæði Jiaozhou-flóa. Sögulegur arkitektúr þess í þýskum stíl og Tsingtao brugghúsið, næststærsta brugghúsið í Kína eru arfur þýska hernáms (1898-1914).

Saga

Qingdao var upphaflega minniháttar sjávarþorp, er þróaðist mikið við verslun á valdatíma Tjingveldisins (1644–1912), þegar tollstöð var sett þar á fót. Með stofnun Beiyang ("Norðurhafs") flota Kína á níunda áratug 19. aldar jókst mikilvægi Qingdao borgar. Þar var komið á fót lítilli flotastöð og byggðar víggirðingar.  Flotinn var efldur, meðal annars með kaupum á nýjum þýskum herskipum.

Árið 1897 sendi þýska ríkisstjórnin, herlið til að hernema Qingdao; næsta ár neyddi hún kínversk stjórnvöld til að greiða skaðabætur og veita Þýskalandi 99 ára leigu á Jiaozhou-flóa og nærliggjandi landsvæðum, ásamt járnbrautar- og námuréttindum í Shandong héraði. Qingdao var lýst fríhöfn árið 1899 og nútíma hafnaraðstaða var sett upp. Járnbraut var lögð til Jinan árið 1904. Nútímaleg borg í evrópskum stíl var byggð og margvíslegum iðnaði var komið á fót. Uppbygging menntunar jókst til muna, með grunn-, framhalds- og verknámsskólum sem fjármagnaðir eru af ríkissjóði Berlínar auk mótmælenda og rómversk-kaþólskra trúboða. Útibú keisarahafnartollsins var stofnað til að stjórna viðskiptum við ströndina eins langt suður og nýju höfnina í Lianyungang í Jiangsu héraði.

Árið 1914, þegar Japan lýsti yfir stríði á hendur Þýskalandi, var megintilgangur þess að ná Qingdao. Það gekk eftir í nóvember það ár eftir langt hafnarbann. Á friðarráðstefnunni í París og gerð Versalasamningsins að lokinni fyrri heimstyrjöld, stóðu vonir Kínverja til þess að endurheimta yfirráð Qingdao frá Japönum. Það gekk ekki eftir. Svokölluð "Fjórða maí-hreyfing" (4. maí 1919) var svar við því. Í nafni þjóðernishyggju barðist hún gegn heimsvaldastefnu og bættrar menningarlegrar sjálfsmyndar í Kína. Átti hreyfingin sem upphaflega byggði á mótmælum stúdenta, eftir að hafa áhrif á stjórnmálaþróun í Kína. Japanir hernámu borgina því til ársins 1922, er þeir skiluðu höfninni til Kína samkvæmt sáttmála Flotaráðstefnunnar í Washington (1921–22).  Á því tímabili höfðu Japanir hins vegar byggt upp sterka aðstöðu, bæði í Qingdao og í héraðinu Shandong.

Árið 1929 komst Qingdao undir virka stjórn kínversku þjóðernisstjórnarinnar og varð að sérstöku sveitarfélagi. Uppbygging hafna hélt áfram og viðskipti hennar fóru fram úr keppinauti sínum, Tianjin borg, um 1930. Eftir það hélt hún áfram að stækka á kostnað Tianjin.

Við byrjun seinna stríðs Kína og Japans, sem rann síðar inn í seinni heimsstyrjöldina, hertóku Japanir Qingdao árið 1938 og héldu henni til ársins 1945. Á því tímabili varð töluverð iðnaðaruppbygging. Árið 1941 var Qingdao með stórar nútímalegar bómullarverksmiðjur, eimreiðar- og járnbrautarvagnaverk og viðgerðaraðstöðu, verkfræðistofur og verksmiðjur sem framleiddu gúmmí, eldspýtur, kemísk efni og litarefni.

Bruggiðnaður borgarinnar framleiðir Tsingtao einn þekktasta bjór Kína. er næstmest seldi bjór í Kína og telur um helming útflutnings á kínverskum bjór. Hann er seldur á Íslandi.

Síðan 1949 hefur Qingdao þróast verulega sem hafnarborg með sterka undirstöðu í stóriðju. Á áttunda áratugnum varð borgin umfangsmikil í framleiðslu vefnaðarvöru.

Seint á fimmta áratugnum var komið á fót meiriháttar járn- og stáliðnaði. Borgin er endastöð austur-vestur járnbrautarlínunnar og er tengd með járnbrautum við hafnir Yantai og Weihai. Það er líka stór fiskihöfn. Norðurfloti Kína er staðsettur í Qingdao höfn.  Íslensk fyrirtæki hafa haslað sér völl í borginni, aðallega vegna sterkrar tengingar við sjávarútveg. Þannig hefur Icelandic Group, verið með talsverða starfssemi í borginni. Í borginni er haldin viðamikil alþjóðleg sjávarútvegssýning sem ýmis íslensk sjávarútvegsfyrirtæki hafa bæði sótt og kynnt vörur og þjónustu.

Árið 1984 var Qingdao útnefnd ein af "opnum" borgum Kína sem hluti af nýrri stefnu sem býður erlendum fjárfestingum. Síðan þá hefur borgin gengið í gegnum mjög öra efnahagsþróun.

Efnahags- og hátækniþróunarsvæði Qingdao er staðsett á vesturströnd Jiaozhou-flóa, gegnt miðbæ borgarinnar. Ýmis stórfyrirtæki hafa höfuðstöðvar í borginni, til að mynda Haier Group sem er þekkt alþjóðlega.

Hraðbraut sem liggur um Jiaozhou-flóa tengdir borgina vestur við Jinan og norðaustur til Yantai og Weihai. Árið 2011 var opnuð 42 kílómetra braut yfir minni flóans. Hún myndar með Haiwan brúnni eða Jiaozhou flóa brúnni eina lengstu yfirvatnsbrú heims ásamt 9.5 kílómetra göngum neðansjávar. Alþjóðaflugvöllur borgarinnar, um 15 mílur (24 km) til norðurs, veitir áætlunarflug til áfangastaða í norðaustur Asíu, sem og til ýmissa borga í landinu.

Tengt efni

 Borgir Kína eftir fólksfjölda
 Shandong strandhéraðið í Austur- Kína við Gulahaf

Tilvísanir

Borgir í Kína

Qingdao


Petru Forna (n. 4 noiembrie 1944, Sighet, jud. Maramureș – d. 9 iulie 2005, Cluj-Napoca) a fost un germanist și traducător român de literatură germană.

Biografie
S-a născut în orașul Sighet, ca fiu al medicului Emil Forna și al soției lui, bibliotecara Pia-Letiția (n. Bozdog). A învățat la Școala primară nr. 10 din Cluj (1951-1955), apoi a urmat clasele gimnaziale și liceale la Liceul "Ady-Șincai" din Cluj (1955-1962) și cursurile Facultății de Filologie din cadrul Universității din Cluj (1962-1967). După absolvirea facultății, a devenit cadru didactic: preparator (1967-1970), asistent (1970-1975), lector (1975-1990), conferențiar (1990-1999) și profesor universitar (din 1999) la Catedra de filologie germanică a aceleiași facultăți. A obținut în 1973 titlul de doctor în filologie la Institutul de Lingvistică al Universității din București cu teza Semantica prepoziției în germană și română.

Petru Forna a îndeplinit funcția de ambasador extraordinar și plenipotențiar al României în Republica Austria în perioada 1994-1996, fiind numit de președintele Ion Iliescu printr-un decret din 8 iunie 1993 (publicat în Monitorul Oficial din 15 decembrie 1993) și rechemat de președintele Emil Constantinescu printr-un decret din 24 decembrie 1996 (publicat în Monitorul Oficial din 30 decembrie 1996).

În afară de activitatea didactică, profesorul Petru Forna a desfășurat o bogată activitatea de traducător. A debutat în 1966 în revista Steaua din Cluj cu traducerea povestirii "O solie imperială" a lui Franz Kafka, apoi a publicat traduceri ale unor scrieri ale autorilor germani Heinrich Böll, Christoph Hein, Wilhelm Karl König, Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Johann Weidlein, Martin Luther, Wolfgang Koeppen, Wolfgang Borchert, Erwin Heimann, Rolf Hochhuth, Friedrich Hölderlin, Rainer Maria Rilke, Walther von der Vogelweide, dar și studii, articole și eseuri despre Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Hartmut Gagelmann, Roman Jakobson, Ernst Jünger, Herbert Meier și Gerda Zeltner. Este autorul unor lucrări de germanistică precum Probleme de teoria și practica traducerii literare (1998), Semantik der Deutschen und Rumänischen präpositionen aus Kontrastiver sicht (1998), a două lucrări de istorie literară germană: Mittelhochdeutsche Literatur (1999) și Walther von Der Vogelweide (1999) și a unei antologii de poezie românească tradusă în germană (Der Goldene Zweig, 1998). A fost unul dintre cei mai buni traducători din limba germană și unul dintre puținii specialiști în domeniul limbii și literaturii române vechi, ținând un curs de traductologie și pledând pentru reconstruirea traducerii literare în funcție de contextul cultural și socio-lingvistic adecvat la vremea scrierii operei. În opinia sa, traducerea trebuie făcută prin intuiție, găsind soluții în funcție de situație.

Petru Forna a mai colaborat cu articole la revistele Steaua, Tribuna, România literară, Echinox, Ramuri, Secolul 20, Vatra etc.

A murit la 9 iulie 2005 și a fost înmormântat la Cimitirul Central din Cluj.

Opera
 Althochdeutsch, 1985;
 Studien zur deutschen Literatur  (Studii de literatură germană), I, Cluj-Napoca, 1987;
 Probleme de teoria și practica traducerii literare, Cluj-Napoca, 1998;
 Semantik der Deutschen und Rumänischen präpositionen aus Kontrastiver sicht, Cluj-Napoca, 1998;
 Walther von Der Vogelweide. Epoca. Poetul. Opera. Interpretarea, Cluj-Napoca, 1999;
 Mittlehochdeutsche Literatur, Cluj-Napoca, 1999.

Traduceri
 Heinrich Böll, Opiniile unui clovn, Cluj-Napoca, 1975 (ed. a II-a, 1999);
 Heinrich Böll, Destinul unei cești fără toartă, București, 1986;
 Heinrich Böll, Fotografie de grup cu doamnă, Cluj-Napoca, 1988;
 Christoph Hein, Prietenul străin. Sfârșitul lui Horn, București, 1988;
 Wilhelm Karl König, Mai aproape de cer sau Cazul Karl Simpel, Cluj-Napoca, 1990;
 Friedrich Dürrenmatt, Dramatice și critice. Scrieri și cuvântări despre teatru, București, 2001;
 Johann Weidlein, Imaginea germanului în literatura maghiară/Das Bild des Deutschen in der Ungarischen Literatur, ed. bilingvă româno-germană, trad. în colab. cu Gh. Olteanu, Cluj-Napoca, 2002;
 Martin Luther, Scrieri, I, trad. și note de Petru Forna, introducere și tabel cronologic de Daniel Zikeli, Cluj-Napoca, 2003.

Note

Bibliografie
 Aurel Sasu, Dicționar biografic al literaturii române A-L, vol. I, Ed. Paralela 45, București, 2004, pp. 597-598.

Nașteri în 1944
Decese în 2005
Traducători români
Germaniști români

Petru Forna


Wang Chi-lin (; Taipé, 18 de janeiro de 1995) é um jogador de badminton taiwanês, campeão olímpico.

Carreira

Nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020, em Tóquio, conquistou a medalha de ouro na categoria duplas masculinas ao lado de Lee Yang após confronto na final contra os chineses Li Junhui e Liu Yuchen, a primeira conquista de Taipé Chinês no badminton.

Jogadores de badminton nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Campeões olímpicos de Taiwan

Wang Chi-lin


Covenant je treći studijski album američkog death metal-sastava Morbid Angel objavljen 22. lipnja 1993. godine. Smatra se jednim od klasika žanra. To je ujedno i prvi album koji je sastav snimio bez gitarista Richard Brunella.

Popis pjesama

Osoblje

Morbid Angel

 David Vincent - vokali, bas-gitara, tekstovi, glazba (pjesme 1. – 6., 8., 10.)
 Pete Sandoval - bubnjevi
 Trey Azagthoth - gitara, klavijature, glazba (pjesme 1. – 4., 6., 8., 10.), tekstovi (pjesma 7.)

Ostalo osoblje

 Flemming Rasmussen - produkcija, inženjer zvuka, miks
 Tom Morris - miks
 Luton Sinfield - omot
 Martin Nesbitt - grafički dizajn

Izvori

Albumi sastava Morbid Angel
Albumi iz 1993.

Covenant (album)


A කාණ්ඩය

2014 දෙසැම්බර් 29 දිනදී, ඇෆ්ගනිස්තානය විසින් ඔවුන්ගේ 15-ක්‍රීඩක සංචිතය නම් කරන ලදි. 15-ක්‍රීඩක සංචිතයට අමතරව, ඇෆ්ගනිස්තානය විසින් පොරොත්තු ක්‍රීඩකයන් සතර දෙනෙකුද නම් කෙරිණි: Shafiqullah (wk), Sharafuddin Ashraf, Izatullah Dawlatzai, Hashmatullah Shaidi.

පුහුණුකරු:  Andy Moles

Australia announced their 15-man squad publicly on 11 January 2015. Michael Clarke's selection is provisional on his fitness.

Coach:  Darren Lehmann

Bangladesh announced their 15 member squad on 4 January 2015. The squad was initially scheduled to be announced at 1 pm BST (UTC+06:00). However, it was delayed by two hours as a result of a last minute discussion between the selection committee, the board of directors of the BCB, and BCB President Nazmul Hassan. Two standby players were also announced, with Shafiul Islam named as one with the other standby player not yet named.

Coach:  Chandika Hathurusingha

England named their 15-man squad on 20 December 2014.

Coach:  Peter Moores

New Zealand released their 15-man squad to the public on 8 January 2015.

Coach:  Mike Hesson

Scotland released their 15-man squad to the public on 9 January 2015.

Head Coach:  Grant Bradburn

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Sri Lanka named their 15-man squad on 7 January 2015, with Lasith Malinga's selection provisional on his fitness.

Coach:  Marvan Atapattu

|}

Group B

India named their 15-man squad on 6 January 2015.

Coach:  Duncan Fletcher

Ireland announced their 15-member squad on 5 January 2015. They have yet to name any reserve players for the squad.

Coach:  Phil Simmons

Pakistan named their 15-man squad on 7 January 2015.

Coach:  Waqar Younis

South Africa named their squad on 7 January 2015.

Coach:  Russell Domingo

UAE released their 15-man squad on 10 January.

Coach:  Aaqib Javed

West Indies announced their 15-man squad on January 11.

Coach:  Richie Richardson

Zimbabwe named their 15-man squad on 7 January 2015.

Coach:  Dav Whatmore

2015 ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලාන සංචිත


Josef Zotz (né le  à Musau, mort le  à Weißensee) est un prêtre autrichien opposé au nazisme.

Biographie
Josef Zotz, qui vient d'une famille traditionnelle tyrolienne, est ordonné prêtre catholique le  après avoir étudié au séminaire de Bressanone. Puis il est ecclésiastique à Ehrwald et Längenfeld.

Après le décès du curé de Landeck Josef Penz le , Zotz prend l'intérim. Parce qu'il s'est prononcé clairement contre l'antisémitisme, la rhétorique guerrière du gouvernement et l'idéologie de la race supérieure dans les sermons et les conversations, il est vite harcelé par la Gestapo et maltraité par des membres des SA et des nazis locaux.

Lorsqu'il soutient Adolf Bodingbauer, membre de la Wehrmacht, dans la désertion en fournissant de l'argent à l'homme presque affamé, il est arrêté le . Bien qu'il se soit condamné qu'à trois mois de prison, il est après placé en Schutzhaft.

Pendant l'incarcération dans la prison de police, où il est détenu un temps en même temps que Reinhold Stecher, le futur évêque d'Innsbruck, il transgresse les règlements de nombreuses fois comme en célébrant la messe pour ses codétenus avec des objets rituels improvisés. Après sa libération le , on interdit à Josef Zotz  de rester dans le Tyrol, il est expulsé du Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue.

Trois semaines seulement après sa libération, le , le corps de Josef Zotz est retrouvé dans le lac de Weissensee avec une blessure à la tête. Les autorités empêchent une enquête judiciaire sur la mort probablement violente du prêtre et l'enterrent trois jours plus tard, le , à Unterpinswang dans le Tyrol.

Notes et références

Annexes

Articles connexes
 Liste de résistants allemands au nazisme

Liens externes

Résistant autrichien
Prêtre catholique autrichien
Naissance en janvier 1902
Décès en juillet 1941
Décès à 39 ans
Décès à Füssen
Naissance dans le comté de Tyrol
Décès dans le Troisième Reich

Josef Zotz


MSC Rosaria je kontejnerski brod kojeg je 2007. godine izgradilo rumunjsko brodogradilište Mangalia odnosno današnji Daewoo Mangalia Heavy Industries. Brod je u vlasništvu međunarodne brodarske kompanije Mediterranean Shipping Company a plovi pod panamskom zastavom. Riječ je o četvrtom od ukupno dvanaest brodova koliko ih je kompanija naručila.

Vanjske poveznice
Informacije o brodu na Vessel Tracking.net
Informacije o brodu na Marine Traffic.com

 Teretni brodovi

MSC Rosaria


Mon petit-enfant er en kortfilm instrueret af Martin Pieter Zandvliet efter manuskript af Martin Pieter Zandvliet.

Handling
Tim har ingen kæreste, han mødes med unge piger fra nettet. Tim forsøger at gøre en forskel som medlem af Jehovas vidner. Tims eneste rigtige kontakt med omverdenen er hans franske 'mormor', som han jævnligt besøger. Tim har flere gange lovet sin mormor at hun snart må møde en af hans piger.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2008
Kortfilm fra Danmark

Mon petit-enfant


Deresemail, Karabük ilinin Eskipazar ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün adı, 1896 yılı kayıtlarında Sımail olarak geçmektedir.

Coğrafya
Köy, Karabük il merkezine 30 km, Eskipazar ilçe merkezine 10 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Eskipazar belde ve köyleri

Deresemail


Fritz Petersohn (* 1910; † nach 1953) war ein deutscher Politiker und Funktionär der DDR-Blockpartei DBD. Er war Landesvorsitzender der DBD Sachsen.

Leben
Der Bauer Petersohn wurde nach 1945 Mitglied der Vereinigung der gegenseitigen Bauernhilfe und 1946 der SED. 1948 gründete er im Auftrag der SED die Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands (DBD) im Kreis Großenhain und wurde deren erster Kreisvorsitzender. 1951 löste er Friedrich Martin als sächsischen Landesvorsitzenden der DBD ab. Nach Auflösung der Länder 1952 wurde er Bezirksvorsitzender der DBD Dresden. 1953 trat er von diesem Posten krankheitsbedingt zurück.

Von 1950 bis 1952 war Petersohn Mitglied des Sächsischen Landtags.

Literatur
 Theresia Bauer: Blockpartei und Agrarrevolution von oben. Die Demokratische Bauernpartei Deutschlands, 1948–1963. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, München 2003, ISBN 3-486-56703-9 (Volltext digital verfügbar), S. 124 und passim.

Landtagsabgeordneter (Sachsen 1946–1952)
SED-Mitglied
DBD-Funktionär
DDR-Bürger
Deutscher
Geboren 1910
Gestorben im 20. oder 21. Jahrhundert
Mann

Fritz Petersohn


Béghin préalablement Cogez Béghin puis Ferdinand Béghin est une entreprise de transformation de betterave sucrière co-fondée par Antoine Ferdinand Béghin en 1826.

Elle est à l'origine de la création en 1972 de la société Béghin Say, aujourd'hui marque commerciale française de sucres appartenant actuellement au groupe coopératif sucrier français Tereos.

Avant Béghin
La sucrerie Cogez Béghin est créée en 1826 par Joseph Cogez et son ami et futur beau-frère Antoine Ferdinand Béghin.

En mars 1828, la sucrerie Cogez Béghin est la deuxième du département du Nord qui en compte 7 avec 35 tonnes de sucre brut produites à l'année.

En 1848, Joseph Cogez administre effectivement la sucrerie.

Antoine Ferdinand Béghin meurt en 1867. Son fils Ferdinand Béghin lui succèdera auprès de Joseph Cogez. Il deviendra maire de Thumeries.

Joseph Cogez meurt en 1886 et Ferdinand Béghin douze ans plus tard, à seulement 56 ans, le 31 août 1895

La sucrerie Béghin
Suite au décès de Ferdinand Béghin, d'importants investissements sont réalisés par ses fils Joseph (1871-1938) et Henri (1873-1944) pour moderniser la sucrerie de Thumeries et créer une nouvelle société nommée en sa mémoire Société des Sucreries et Raffineries Ferdinand Béghin.

La production de la sucrerie de Thumeries croît de manière importante. Elle peut traiter 600 tonnes de betterave en une journée en 1900 et en traite effectivement 150 000 tonnes en 1914. Depuis 1900, et malgré un capital moins important, la sucrerie de Thumeries a une production quasiment identique à celle de son principal concurrent Français de l'époque, la société Henri Say. La crise du Corner sur le sucre égyptien provoquée en 1905 par le collaborateur et liquidateur testamentaire d'Henry Say Ernest Cronier affaiblit l'entreprise Say, l'endette temporairement et lui fait perdre sa position dominante au profit des sucreries F. Béghin.

Après la guerre, le montant des dommages de guerre attribués à la sucrerie de Thumeries s'élève à 127 millions de francs.

En 1921, Béghin est associé à l'exploitation d'une sucrerie à Corbehem.

Dans le cadre du développement de l'entreprise, Henri Béghin devient administrateur en février 1923 de la nouvelle société immobilière La Maison des Ingénieurs Agronomes.

Initialement en commandite simple, la société des sucreries et raffineries F. Béghin est transformée le 17 juillet 1924 en une société anonyme au capital de 17 467 500 Frs ayant pour objet étendu l'exploitation des fabriques de sucre, raffineries, distilleries et la prise en charge des exploitations agricoles de Thumeries, de Beauchamp, de Corbehem, de Marquillies et de leurs annexes. La société sera transformée en une société à responsabilité limitée l'année suivante, le 3 novembre 1925. Joseph et Henri Béghin en sont les gérants.

Le développement de la société pousse Joseph et Henri Béghin à investir dans la création ou l'acquisition d'entreprises.
Si Joseph Béghin, domicilié à Thumeries dont il deviendra maire, cofonde avec son frère et leur collaborateur et ami l'industriel Jean Prouvost un certain nombre d'entreprises en lien directe avec l'activité sucrières comme la société Entrepots de Thumeries qu'ils gèrent en 1930  ou la Société d'Imprimerie de la Rue du Louvre qu'ils créent le 7 février 1933, ce sera Henri Béghin seul, alors domicilié à Paris, qui engagera avec Jean Prouvost une stratégie économique et politique plus globale en initiant la constitution d'un groupe économique diversifié avec la création le 19 janvier 1934 de la société de travaux publics Les Applications du Bitume, celle le 14 février 1936 de la Compagnie Moderne de Radiodiffusion ou encore la .

Dans le courant de l'année 1939, suite au décès en janvier de son directeur François Morel, Béghin acquière la Sucrerie Générale d'Arras fondée en 1922 à l'initiative d'un jeune négociant en vins et spiritueux du Pas-de-Calais, Edmond Dubois.

En 1940 la sucrerie de Thumeries possède un centre d'enseignement aux métiers de la filière

En 1967, la société Béghin présidée alors par le fils d'Henri Béghin Ferdinand prend le contrôle d'un autre géant de l'industrie sucrière: la société Say.

En 1972, la société Béghin SA prend le contrôle de la Sucrerie centrale de Cambrai, fondée en 1872 par Jules Linard à Escaudœuvres (Nord), et fusionne avec la société Say pour constituer la société Béghin Say.

Notes et références

Entreprise sucrière
Tereos

Béghin (sucreries)


is a district located in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 42,778 and a density of 282.12 persons per km2. The total area is 151.63 km2.

Towns and villages
Hirao
Kaminoseki
Tabuse

Mergers
On April 21, 2003, the town of Kumage merged with the town of Kano, from Tsuno District, and the cities of Tokuyama and Shinnan'yō, to form the city of Shūnan.
On October 4, 2004, the town of Yamato was merged into the city of Hikari.

Districts in Yamaguchi Prefecture
Hikari, Yamaguchi

Kumage District, Yamaguchi


Stefano Oppo (Oristano, 12 de setembro de 1994) é um remador italiano, medalhista olímpico.

Carreira

Oppo conquistou a medalha de bronze nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020 em Tóquio na prova de skiff duplo leve, ao lado de Pietro Ruta, com o tempo de 6:14.30.

Remadores olímpicos da Itália
Remadores nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020

Stefano Oppo


Johannes Peder Friedenreich Kaarsberg (født 21. april 1856 i Græse, død 25. marts 1917 i København) var en dansk læge. Han var bror til Hans Kaarsberg.

Kaarsberg studerede oprindelig teologi, men gik derefter over til medicinen og tog eksamen 1881. Som kandidat arbejdede han først på Børnehospitalet, senere under Frantz Howitz på Frederiksberg Hospital og på Kommunehospitalet, hvor han også var reservekirurg 1881—91. En del af sin uddannelse fik han på Fødselsstiftelsen, hvor han 1891—94 var fast kandidat og reserveakkuchør. Doktorgraden tog Kaarsberg 1884 med en afhandling Om den Emmetske Ruptur. Efter Asger Stadfeldts død konkurrerede han med Leopold Meyer om professoratet i obstetrik, men besejredes. Derimod udnævntes han 1900 til overlæge ved Sankt Lukas Stiftelsen, hvor han udfoldede en meget betydelig virksomhed som kirurg. Han udnævntes 1900 til titulær professor og nød stor anseelse som en af Nordens ledende kirurger, hvad der gav sig udslag i, at han gentagne gange benyttedes som dommer ved konkurrencer.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

Kirurger fra Danmark
Titulære professorer fra Danmark
Danskere i 1800-tallet
Danskere i 1900-tallet

Johannes Kaarsberg


جهاز استشعار كهربائي-بصري تعمل بتحويل الضوء إلى إشارات كهربائية شبيه للمقاومة الضوئية. تستخدم معظم الوقت في مصابيح الطوارئ لكي تعمل في الظلام وتطفى في الضوء.

مراجع

بصريات لاخطية
كهروضوئيات
مجسات

جهاز استشعار كهربائي-بصري


Santu Lussurgiu (sardinski: Santu Lussùrzu) je grad i općina (comune) u pokrajini Oristanu u regiji Sardiniji, Italija. Nalazi se na nadmorskoj visini od 503 metra i ima 2 369 stanovnika. Prostire se na 99,80 km². Gustoća naseljenosti je 24 st/km².Susjedne općine su: Abbasanta, Bonarcado, Borore, Cuglieri, Norbello, Paulilatino, Scano di Montiferro i Seneghe.

Izvori

Općine u pokrajini Oristano

Santu Lussurgiu


Lysakerelven Station (Lysakerelven stasjon) var en metrostation på Kolsåsbanen på T-banen i Oslo. Stationen blev lukket 1. juli 2006, da Kolsåsbanen skulle opgraderes til metrostandard. Den og den gamle Bjørnsletta Station blev i stedet erstattet af en ny Bjørnsletta Station, der åbnede 17. august 2010, omtrent midt mellem de to gamle stationer.

Eksterne henvisninger

Nedlagte T-banestationer i Oslo
Etableret i 1942
Ophørt i 2006

Lysakerelven Station


Christian Mehofer (* 14. Februar 1963; † 3. Mai 2012) war ein österreichischer Kameramann und Dokumentarfilmer.

Mehofer arbeitete als Kameramann seit 1989, unter anderem für das ORF. Er war Mitglied des Verbandes österreichischer Kameraleute (AAC).

Wichtige Arbeiten von Mehofer waren die Dokumentarfilme Licht-Gestalten – Wien, Hauptstadt der Projektion (2008; Kamera) und Romy Schneider – Eine Frau in drei Noten (2008; Kamera) sowie der Kinospielfilm Die dritte Minute (2002; Regie). International bekannt wurde er mit der Doku Hidden Fuhrer: Debating the Enigma of Hitler's Sexuality (2004, Kamera).

Weblinks

 ORF-Kameramann Christian Mehofer verstorben, Der Standard, 4. Mai 2012

Einzelnachweise

Kameramann
Österreicher
Geboren 1963
Gestorben 2012
Mann

Christian Mehofer


Sigisbert François Michel, baptisé le  en l'église Saint-Sébastien à Nancy, et mort à Paris le , est un sculpteur lorrain puis français.

Biographie
Il est le fils du sculpteur Thomas Michel et d'Anne Adam, fille de Jacob Sigisbert Adam et Sébastienne Le Léal. À la mort de Thomas Michel en 1751, une partie de la famille fut hébergée dans la résidence parisienne de Lambert Sigisbert Adam, frère d'Anne. À cette occasion, ce dernier forma les frères Sigisbert François, Pierre Joseph et Claude Michel à la sculpture.

En août 1746, Sigisbert François remporta le troisième prix de quartier à l'école du modèle de l'Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture. Il produisit des œuvres dès les années 1750, se faisant appeler parfois « Sigisbert Adam » ou « Claudion Sigisbert » pour bénéficier de la notoriété de ses proches célèbres. Il réalisa des œuvres destinées aux amateurs, qu'on retrouva dans de nombreuses collections prestigieuses telles que celle du général Savalette de Buchelay ou du financier La Live de Jully.

En 1764, quelques années après la mort de son oncle François Gaspard Adam, il le remplaça en tant que Premier sculpteur du roi de Prusse, et termina les œuvres inachevées par celui-ci. Parallèlement, Sigisbert François travaillait pour son compte à la production de nombreuses statuettes en « terre de Saxe », présentées ensuite en France. Des modèles en plâtre et argile sont cités en 1769 dans son atelier de la Bourse, atelier royal de sculpture depuis 1747.

Ses rapports avec le roi Frédéric II devinrent conflictuels à partir de 1769, c'est pourquoi il quitta la Prusse en 1770, sans même avoir reçu ses paiements pour ses deux derniers ouvrages. De retour à Paris, il fut agréé à l'Académie de Saint-Luc, et prit part à son exposition de 1764 où présenta onze œuvres, dont L'Amour qui échauffe un trait au feu de son flambeau sous la forme du plâtre de la statuette en terre cuite qu'il devait exécuter pour sa réception. L'abondance, la variété et le goût de ses productions témoignent de sa fortune parmi les amateurs de son temps.

En 1776, il présenta son morceau de réception en terre cuite « de Rouen ». Mais, du fait de la fermeture de l'Académie de Saint-Luc la même année, il ne pu recevoir ses lettres de maîtrise, ni prêter le serment d'usage. Toutefois, après avoir adressé une plainte, il obtint la restitution de sa terre cuite. En 1778, soutenu par son frère Clodion, il sollicita sans succès la charge de restaurateur des statues des parcs de Versailles et du Trianon. Il poursuivit donc la réalisation de figures pour amateurs, et continua à participer aux Salons de la Correspondance et du Louvre jusqu'en 1800.

Œuvres
 Le Gladiateur Borghèse, 1751, marbre, 56,5 x 45,7 x 39,6 cm, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
 Enfant nu assis sur un piédestal, la tête levée, 1755, non localisé.
 Hercule et Apollon, 1756 (?), terres cuites, 26,6 x 10,1 x 8,9 cm, Los Angeles, Collection de Lynda et Stewart Resnick.
 La Lanterne magique, 1758, terre cuite, 20 x 15 cm, non localisé.
 La Folie qui amuse l'Amour et L'Espérance qui nourrit l'Amour, vers 1774, terres cuites, 22,5 cm, États-Unis, collection particulière.
 Tête de Lucrèce, 1798, marbre, 34,3 x 18,1 x 14,3 cm, Providence, Rhode Island School of Design Museum of Art.
 Vase orné d'un petit satyre et d'une jeune femme se pressant la poitrine, 1799, terre cuite, H. 45 cm, Hartford, Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art.
 Autel triangulaire dédié à Bacchus, 1755, terre cuite, 31 x 18 x 18 cm, Nancy, palais des ducs de Lorraine – Musée lorrain.
 Bergère allongée près de son panier et de son chien, 1757, terre cuite, 12 x 19 x 8,5 cm, Paris, musée Cognacq-Jay.
 Garçon enlevant un chiot à sa mère, dernier tiers du , terre cuite, 27 cm, collection particulière européenne.

Attributions supposées
 Sigisbert François Michel ou d'après, Garçon enlevant un chiot à sa mère, dernier tiers du  ou , plâtre teinté, 28,3 x 13,5 x 11,5 cm, Paris, musée des Arts décoratifs.
 Sigisbert François Michel ou d'après, Fillette au chat protégeant un nid, dernier tiers du  ou , plâtre teinté, 28,3 x 14,5 x 11,3 cm, Paris, musée des Arts décoratifs.

Œuvres achevées par Sigisbert François Michel
 François Gaspard Adam, Le Feld-maréchal Kurt Christoph Graf von Schwerin, 1769, marbre, 250 x 125 x 100 cm, Berlin, Bode-Museum.
 François Gaspard Adam, Mars, 1764, marbre, 183 x 92 x 96 cm, Potsdam, château de Sanssouci.
 François Gaspard Adam, Samuel von Cocceji, 1765, marbre, 95 x 71 x 48 cm, Berlin, Kammergericht.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 « Sigisbert Michel, sculpteur du roi de Prusse », dans Philippe de Chennevières (dir.), Archives de l'art français : recueil de documents inédits relatifs à l'histoire des arts en France, tome I, Paris, Dumoulin, 1851-1852, p. 177-180.
 Albert Jacquot, Les Adam et les Michel et Clodion, Paris, Rouam, 1898.
 Pierre-Hippolyte Pénet, « Sigisbert François (1728-1811) et Pierre Joseph Michel (1737 – après 1787). Les frères de Clodion. » dans Pierre-Hippolyte Pénet et Guilhem Scherf (dir.), Les Adam, La sculpture en héritage, catalogue de l'exposition (Nancy, musée des Beaux-Arts, 18 septembre 2021 – 9 janvier 2022), Gand, Editions Snoeck, 2021, p. 241-249.

Liens externes

Sculpteur français du XVIIIe siècle
Naissance en septembre 1728
Naissance à Nancy
Décès en mai 1811
Décès dans l'ancien 1er arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 82 ans

Sigisbert François Michel


نادي سانت نيوتس تاون لكرة القدم  نادي كرة قدم إنجليزي يلعب في دوري الدرجة التاسعة. يقع مقره في سانت تيوتس في كامبريدجشير. تم تأسيس النادي في سنة 1879 .

مراجع

أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1879
أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1887
أندية كرة قدم في إنجلترا
أندية كرة قدم في كامبريدجشير
تأسيسات سنة 1879 في إنجلترا
تأسيسات سنة 1887 في إنجلترا

سانت نيوتس تاون


Raphael, nicknamed Raph, is a superhero and one of the four main characters of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles comics and all related media. In most iterations, he's depicted as the most aggressive of the turtle brothers, physically the strongest, and often at odds with his brother, Leonardo.

He is usually depicted wearing a red eye mask; in this regard, he is the only turtle to retain this color since the original incarnation of the characters, as the remaining turtles received different colors at a later time. Raphael wields twin sai as his primary weapon. He is commonly portrayed in media as speaking with a Brooklyn accent. Raphael is known for his temperamental and cynical personality, being short-tempered, aggressive, sullen, maddened, sarcastic, and rebellious. The origin of Raphael's anger is not always fully explored, but in some incarnations appears to stem partly from the realization that they are the only creatures of their kind and ultimately alone, while also bothered by the injustice the helpless and innocent suffer.

Raphael is an opinionated and independent character who chafes under authority. He serves as the team's enforcer. The combination of his personality and role contributes to his rivalry and frequent arguments with his brother and leader, Leonardo. When he feels as though Leonardo's decision is not in the best interest of the family, for whatever reason, he is sure to voice it.

However, in the most recent versions of the franchise, Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, his role as protector takes precedence over his traditional characterization and his dynamics with his brothers. In this series, Raphael is the eldest brother and his dynamic with Leonardo is effectively swapped—with Raphael now admonishing Leonardo for his irresponsible attitude and disregard for his role as leader.

Like all of the brothers, he is named after a Renaissance artist; in this case, he is named after the 16th-century Italian painter Raphael. In 2011, Raphael placed 23rd on IGN's Top 100 Comic Book Heroes, a list that did not feature any of his brothers. He is the only Teenage Turtle brother whose name does not end in the letter "O", even though the artist he got his name from is "Raffaello".

Comic books

Mirage Comics
In the earliest black-and-white Mirage Comics, Raphael was the most violent turtle and had a tendency for going berserk either in battle or when his temper flared up. He has a somewhat cynical and sarcastic sense of humor. In later issues, it is shown that he is not particularly fond of the supernatural, stating so explicitly in Tales of Raphael: Bad Moon Rising.

Raphael mellowed somewhat as the series went on, possibly a key moment for his character development was when he allowed Leonardo to go in alone to defeat The Shredder after nearly being killed by the Foot Elite. Since then, he has been less likely to challenge Leonardo's leadership, and on the whole is more friendly towards his family and allies.

Of his three brothers, Raphael is actually closest to Michelangelo, having stated this in the fourth issue of the Mirage TMNT comics. Raphael often shows a caring, more laid-back, side of himself when around Mikey, frequently indulging the young turtle emotionally when at home and ferociously protecting him from harm when in battle. Raphael openly admits that the mere thought of Mikey being grievously injured causes him to experience violent rage. In his self-titled one-shot miniseries, Raphael meets human vigilante Casey Jones, his foil, who is more violent and unstable than he was. Despite their brutal first meeting, the two have since formed a close bond.

In the Mirage comic book series' Volume 4, he is still the most violent turtle, but is more sociable. After having been bitten by a vampire-like creature, he experienced a further mutation, and became a large, dinosaur-like version of himself. He went into a state of berserk animal rage because of it, but with some guidance by an inner manifestation of Master Splinter, he regained his original mentality and later assisted Leonardo and Casey Jones in tracking down the vampires who attacked him. This is also somewhat similar to an earlier storyline during Volume 1, where Raphael was attacked by a leech-like creature who, when sucking his blood, also drained him of the mutagen in his body and reverted him to a small turtle. The leech itself mutated and vanished, prompting the remaining turtles to follow it. Finally, after tracking down the creature, Raphael manages to bite it and pierce its skin, thereby drinking its blood and mutating back.

This incarnation of Raphael appeared in the crossover special Turtles Forever voiced by Sean Schemmel.

Image Comics
In the Image series that treated the first two volumes of the Mirage Comics as canonical, Raphael was blasted in the face and disfigured. After that, he wore one of Casey Jones' hockey masks for much of the time, and eventually just an eye patch. Later, Raphael wore Shredder's armor in an attempt to psychologically dominate a number of the New York Mob, with whom the Foot Clan was engaged in a losing gang war. He donned a slightly variant version of the armor, and pretended to be the Shredder to get the advantage on his pursuers. He succeeded in defeating them and was then accepted into, and given control of, the New York faction of the Foot Clan for a brief time. In the independent published series of the Image Comics #24, Raphael had an eyepatch and red bandana for the whole issue and was even angrier than ever. He killed Cheng with whom he had been friends in issue #25, and as soon as Pimiko was killed by the gauntlet of Lady Shredder, Raph removed his bandana and eyepatch to reveal his left eye was no longer disfigured but was back to normal. He later said to Leonardo he had a thing for Pimiko, and like Donatello with Baxter's help in ridding him of cyborg parts, Raphael kept his crush on Pimiko a secret.

Archie Comics

The Archie comics series was titled Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Adventures and began as a direct adaptation of the popular cartoon series in the late 1980s. After the second story arc, Raphael changed costumes and began wearing an all-dark ninja outfit which he won during an Alien Wrestling Match. He would be the first member of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles to have a girlfriend, meeting Ninjara in issue #28 and breaking up near the end of the magazine's 75-issue run. In the future, Raphael would lose an eye during a conflict with the Shredder, Verminator X, and Armaggon (in most of the future timeline incarnations of Raphael, his left eye is missing). He would time travel after his brother Donatello invents the technology and eventually retire on the island Turtleco (which used to be Manhattan) and become a bar owner.

IDW Comics
In the IDW Comics, Raphael, like his brothers, is one of the reincarnated sons of Hamato Yoshi, who in medieval Japan were murdered by Oroku Saki. He began his new life in the present as a young turtle in the laboratory of StockGen Research, Inc., Baxter Stockman's genetics laboratory and served as a guinea pig for an experiment to be grown to be a naturally armored super soldier. Some ninja tried to seize the Turtles and various other research results from the laboratory, including a mutagen. The intervention also led his reincarnated father, now a lab rat, and the Turtles to be doused with a chemical cocktail that triggered their mutation.

Shortly before his mutation Raphael was separated from his family during an attack from a hungry street cat. He panicked as he mutated and was taken under the wing of a homeless man named Buck. However, Buck was murdered by street thugs, inspiring rage and grief in Raphael.

In the fifteen months after his mutation, he resided as a vagrant on the streets of New York City without a memory of his life before his transformation, or even of a name. During this time, his brothers regularly searched for him, but did not find him. After befriending Casey Jones during a domestic dispute, Raphael was attacked by Old Hob, the street cat now mutated, but the other Turtles intervened and brought an uncertain but happy Raphael home to Splinter. He trained extensively with them for the next month, making incredible progress and being rewarded with a pair of sais as a result.

His new family's status was soon put to the test when their home was attacked by M.O.U.S.E.R. robots and Splinter was abducted. Raphael fought alongside his brothers to get their father back but came to the attention of the Shredder and the Foot Clan in the process.

Despite joining his brothers in their training and patrols, Raphael maintained his friendship with Casey by sometimes going out and assaulting criminals. When Casey was badly beaten by his father, Raphael lost his temper and set out to murder the man, but was stopped by Splinter, who taught him that he fights with too much anger.

His anger was turned inward during the City Fall storyline, in which rescuing a stabbed Casey from Shredder led to Leonardo being captured by the Foot Clan and brainwashed by Kitsune, becoming loyal to the Foot and Shredder, becoming murderous and sinister. Devastated, Raphael blamed the entire event on himself, and savagely attacked Foot Clan from informants until Michelangelo and Donatello stopped him. When Splinter and the Turtles tried to extract the brainwashed Leonardo from Shredder's clutches, Raphael managed to penetrate some of the brainwashing and remind Leo of who they were.

At the O'Neil Farm in Northampton, Raphael clashed again with the emotionally-disturbed Leonardo, until Leonardo physically attacked him. From then on, Raphael watched and guarded his brother from a distance; including keeping Alopex away from him but did not engage him. He became more friendly with the mutant fox Alopex, though any trust he had for her was still shaky and he incorrectly believed that she had betrayed them when the Foot attacked.

Due to Hob's early efforts to kill him, Raphael remained extremely wary of Old Hob and did not believe that their family should be working with him. Despite this wariness, he still went on errands to Hob on Splinter's behalf.

During the Turtles in Time event, Raphael was captured by Utroms in prehistoric times, and adopted a small dinosaur he named Pepperoni. When Leonardo attempted to change the past by killing Oroku Saki in medieval Japan, it was Raphael who talked him out of it. He participated in the attack on the Technodrome with his brothers Leonardo and Michelangelo, where they fought Krang. However, he was devastated upon returning to New York, where a dying Donatello was barely saved by the Fugitoid by being transferred into the body of the robot Metalhead. Raphael remained convinced that Donatello was not really "alive" and that the Fugitoid would not be able to save his life. In particular, he blamed himself for leaving Donatello behind.

When Splinter entered his family into the Gauntlet, an ancient ritual that would end the bloody conflict between them and the Foot, Raphael was pitted against the powerful but dimwitted Rocksteady, who had nearly beaten Donatello to death. He and Michelangelo used their skill and agility to pit Bebop and Rocksteady against each other. He participated in the final fight against Shredder along with his brothers, with his father as the victor.

When his father became leader of the Foot Clan, Raphael reluctantly joined as well, though he remained somewhat distant from it compared to Leonardo. He also remained in contact with their newly-estranged brother Michelangelo, assuring him that he knew how hard it was to be homeless, and that Michelangelo would always have a home with them.

The brothers reunited for a trip to Burnow Island shortly thereafter, where they encountered a mysterious alligator mutant named Leatherhead. Raphael and Leonardo also sought out two of Krang's remaining warriors, Tragg and Granitor, only to be knocked out by Leatherhead. They pursued the alligator to New York, but lost him.

Upon returning home, Raphael and his brothers were horrified to see Kitsune about to kill Splinter, and a brainwashed Alopex assisting her. Kitsune ensnared Raphael's mind and turned him against Leonardo.

Raphael attempted to reconcile Michelangelo with his family in the Chasing Phantoms arc, in which he argued that Michelangelo should be with them, even if their new place was as part of the Foot Clan. However, he became increasingly uncomfortable with Splinter's methods. And upon Splinter's execution of Darius Dun, Raphael changed his mind and decided that Michelangelo had been right all along, leaving the Foot Clan along with Donatello and Leonardo, and moving back into their old lair.

During the days that followed, Raphael participated in a raucous Christmas party, assisted Angel Bridge in bringing a traumatized Alopex back to New York, and infiltrated the Pantheon Family Reunion, with nearly-deadly results. He returned to Dimension X with his brothers in The Trial of Krang story arc, in which they were required to bring back a collection of key witnesses to testify against Krang. During the trial, he participated in the defense of Planet Neutrino from the Malignoid swarm. Afterwards, he and his brothers were attacked by the Collectors, and Raphael was forced to go on an inter-dimensional journey with Ray Stantz, resulting in his body temporarily being stolen by Viking ghosts.

His strained relationship with Splinter became even more so when the Turtles returned to Earth, and found the Foot Clan in conflict with the Triceratons. When Splinter attempted to imprison the Turtles for their own safety, Raphael was particularly outraged. He later accompanied his brothers to attempt to defuse the situation, defeating the Elite Foot ninja in the process. When Burnow Island was attacked by Bishop, Raphael was reluctant to assist the Utroms and Triceratons, but accompanied his brothers anyway.

He was captured by Agent Bishop shortly afterwards and experimented on, as the E.P.F. wished to know what made the Turtles different from other mutants. They intended to kill and dissect him, but Raphael broke free and escaped, reminded of Buck and his own losses and pain from the past. He defeated many E.P.F. personnel, before being rescued by Casey, Angel and Alopex.

The miniseries TMNT: The Last Ronin depicts a dark future where almost all of the Turtles and their allies have been killed by the Foot Clan, now led by Shredder's grandson Hiroto Saki. Raphael is the first turtle to die; when a truce between the Turtles and the Foot is broken with an attack on Splinter that leaves the rat near death, Raphael mounts a one-man assault on the Foot and drowns while trying to kill Karai, who is herself left in a permanent coma from her injuries.

Television

1987 animated series
Raphael's personality in the 1987 animated series deviates the most from all other incarnations, though the show's theme song states that Raphael is "cool, but rude" (he takes a slice of pizza with his sai and shoves the rest of it onto the screen before eating the selected slice). Although his violent temper is toned down, Raphael still can get cranky when annoyed or angry.

Raphael is a sardonic wise-guy, and supplies comic relief alongside Michelangelo, whose humor is usually attributed to his carefree and fun-loving behavior, whereas Raphael is more sardonic and sarcastic.

Michelangelo and Raphael's relationship is not exactly confrontational. However, Raphael would make fun or get annoyed with Michelangelo's antics. Furthermore, Raphael's relationship with Leonardo is not as strained in the animated series. Despite this, Raphael usually served as a contrast to Leonardo's "gung-ho do-gooder" personality with his pessimistic, sarcastic remarks. However, Raphael did challenge Leonardo's leadership once in the season 8 episode "Turtle Trek".

In the 1987 series Raphael's voice actor is Rob Paulsen from season one to season nine with Thom Pinto as the 1989 alternate, Hal Rayle as the 1993 alternate, and Michael Gough in the final season. In Turtles Forever, the 1987 version of Raphael is voiced by Sebastian Arcelus. Raphael also made a couple of appearances in the 2012 series in the episode, The Manhattan Project. He and the other turtles along with Casey and April are seen through a portal by their 2012 counterparts walking on a road and he made a speaking cameo along with the other turtles at the end of the episode when a space worm from the 2012 dimension started terrorizing the street. All four turtles see the worm and spring into action while shouting their famous catchphrase, 'Cowabunga'. This would be Rob Paulsen's second role in the 2012 series, the other being Donatello while he returned to his role as Raphael for the cameo. This would mark the first time in over 28 years the 1987 TMNT cast would return to their roles. Paulsen once again provided the voices of the 1987 Raphael and the 2012 Donatello in the season 4 episode, "Trans-Dimensional Turtles" and the three part series final "Wanted: Bebop & Rocksteady".

Coming Out of Their Shells tour
A live action "Coming Out of Their Shells" concert tour, whose inaugural show was broadcast on pay per view from Radio City Music Hall and later released on VHS in 1990. The concert depicted the Turtles as having formed a band, and beginning their tour in their canonical home of New York City. Raphael is stated during the song Cowabunga as having wrote the music for all the songs performed at the concert, while Michelangelo provided the lyrics. In the inaugural show, Raphael is depicted as playing the drums, including an electronic device that imitates drum sounds that he can control and adjust as necessary. He also splits lead vocals with Michelangelo. Like his film counterpart released the same year, Raphael is depicted as more prone to anger than the rest of his brothers, but ultimately able to get past his issues in order to help the Turtles defeat Shredder's plan to steal all the world's music. In the Making Of VHS tape which was released as a supplement to the Radio City Music Hall show and depicted the Turtles as if they were real people, Raphael and Michelangelo relate the story of how the band started; The two were waiting on a pizza delivery, and Raphael had begun playing on some sewer pipes, and Michelangelo joined in with a bit of singing. Realizing they enjoyed making music, they began to pursue it as a serious hobby, eventually bringing Leonardo and Donatello into their activities, leading to them forming the band and eventually going on tour.

One of the actors to portray Raphael during the tour was Michael Ian Black.

1997 live-action series
Raphael appears in the live action series, Ninja Turtles: The Next Mutation, as well as its crossover episode with Power Rangers in Space portrayed by Mitchell A. Lee Yuen and voiced by Matt Hill.

2003 animated series
In the 2003 series, Raphael is voiced by Greg Abbey and speaks with a Brooklyn accent. In this incarnation, he has a dark, bright green skin color, much more vivid than those of his brothers. This version of Raphael has a personality which is more akin to his Mirage incarnation - he is angrier and more sardonic, but not quite as violent as his darker personality from the comics, unless furious - as proven in one incident where he almost smashed Michelangelo's head in with a pipe after Mikey beat him in a sparring match. The theme song for season 1-3 did not have a part that actually described each turtle individually, but from season 4 onwards it was changed, and stated, "count on Raphael to throw the first punch".

His relationship with Leonardo is one based on rivalry. Every now and then Raphael would argue with him. He is the first of the turtles to shed tears when Leonardo is gravely injured and might not survive. Overall Raphael is close with him.

His relationship with Donatello is a more mellow one compared to his other two brothers. They get along very well and they have a close bond like twins. He is usually the first to compliment his invention. Raphael's favorite of Donatello's inventions is the Shell Cycle. He uses it very often.

However Raphael's relationship with Michelangelo is very difficult. Michelangelo would annoy Raphael with his antics and insults, Raphael would put up a fight or reprimand him. Both of them tend to argue with each other. However when Michelangelo is in danger, Raphael would help him. Overall, it is just a love-hate relationship.

Raphael is generally very protective of his brothers, getting outraged when an enemy harms them or captures them. His best friend is generally regarded as Casey Jones, and is the best man at Casey and April O'Neil's wedding in the final episode of this series.

2012 animated series

Raphael is voiced by Sean Astin in the 2012 series.

Raphael's character design was updated, giving him green eyes as well as a small, lightning-shaped chip out of his plastron across his left shoulder (a scar that resulted from an injury Raphael received as a baby). In this incarnation, Raphael is described (in the theme song) as having "the most attitude on the team". Raphael can get incredibly explosive when he feels hurt or misunderstood. Sometimes he would walk out on the team to his own thing or prove himself better, which has happened many times.

Raphael's behavior is inconsistent. Sometimes Raphael would cooperate and take orders and sometimes he will rebel. His relationship with Leonardo is strained. Raphael would erupt at Leonardo and Leonardo would either try to calm him down or confront him. Raphael hated the fact that Leonardo is the leader and often tries to take over as leader, even succeeding twice as the Seasons progressed. In Season 5, Raphael does not backtalk to Leonardo as much as he did in the earlier season probably because Leonardo is the sensei and has more control when it comes to Raphael. Despite all of this, Leonardo and Raphael are actually very close and care deeply for each other. They would team up to fight and challenge Donatello and Michelangelo during training.

Raphael's relationship with his two brothers Michelangelo and Donatello is not as bad as his relationship with Leonardo but it can be tense at times. Sometimes he would attack or challenge them especially in training and other times they will team up to mock Leonardo. When Michelangelo annoys him, Raphael would insult him. However Raphael is a big brother to Mikey and serves as his role model, reassuring and comforting him and even saying he is awesome at one point. Raphael's relationship with Donatello often involves counterarguments. Donatello and Raphael would sometimes argue and insult each other, like Donatello call him a "big baby" whenever Raphael erupts or when Raphael would call Donatello a "dork". When Raphael behaves in an upsetting manner and when his brothers confronts him, he will get in denial at first but then he will reluctantly or willingly apologize.

Raphael has a soft spot for his pets which help him calm him down. A normal pet turtle named Spike, which later mutates and becomes this show's version of Slash. Later on he got an alien turtle named Chompy Picasso. Raphael is also petrified of cockroaches until he managed to defeat the mutant cockroach, Spyroach.

2018 animated series

In the 2018 animated series, Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Omar Benson Miller voices Raphael, who in this incarnation is the eldest turtle brother and physically biggest brother, being mutated from an Alligator Snapping Turtle. Prior to Leonardo being named the official team leader by Splinter in the second season finale, Raph is the team's de facto leader, a change from previous incarnations, and his enthusiasm and bravado puts him front and center for most of their bizarre adventures. Unlike past versions, he does not use his trademarked Sai, but rather he uses a pair of Tonfa (though he does gain his trademark Sai in the final episodes, after his Tonfa are destroyed by the Shredder). He is also considerably less angry and more serious than previous incarnations, though still eager to get into fights.

In Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: The Movie, Raph has a heated argument with Leo over the latter's high ego and tells him how hard it is being a leader. Raph sacrifices himself to the Krang to save Leo from being captured and ends up paradoxically possessed for part of the film. Leo helps Raph break free and the two reconcile at the end of the movie after Leo defeats the Krang.

Movies

Original trilogy (1990–1993)
In the 1990 film adaptation, Raphael is played by Josh Pais; the only actor to play both the physical (in the suit) and voice roles as a turtle. He speaks with a distinctive tough-sounding New York accent (that was imitated in the later versions of TMNT), and is the turtle whose character is explored most completely. He has a quick temper, uses profanity and verbally challenges his brother Leonardo. This film focuses more so on his feeling of isolation from his brothers and sense of regret and anger when Splinter is eventually captured by the Shredder. Here, it is established that he shares a closer relationship with news reporter April O'Neil having saved her from the Foot Clan on several occasions.

In Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze, he is played by Kenn Troum, and voiced by Laurie Faso, and in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III film he is played by Matt Hill, and voiced by Tim Kelleher. In the films, he is still angry and occasionally goes off by himself in the second movie, but has a soft spot for the young people the team meets. It is also shown that he has an appreciation for nature as it appears to calm him.

2007 film
In TMNT, Raphael serves as the main protagonist in the film, voiced by Nolan North. In Leonardo's absence, he has spent his nights as an armored vigilante known as The Nightwatcher. His time as the Nightwatcher is one of the few instances in which Raphael does not use is sai. Instead he uses a manriki: weighted chains that can be concealed in the hands and used from considerable distances. Unlike his sai, the manriki are typically non-lethal weapons (though they could prove fatal if used with enough force).

Raphael keeps his solo-vigilantism a secret from his family, however, which leads to tension and distrust between him and Donatello in particular (as Donatello is implied to be the one in charge in Leonardo's absence). Donatello claims that "all [Raphael does] is sleep all day" and that at least he and Michelangelo contribute to the household. Raphael aggressively confronts him and sarcastically agrees that he does nothing, Donatello has him all figured out. Donatello claims that Raphael's tendency to rely on fear to accomplish things (i.e. get what he wants) is wrong. Raphael responds by threatening to punch him, causing Donatello to flinch; Raphael smirks and claims he made his point.

Raphael's relationship with Michelangelo is not touched upon much in the movie, but they do not seem to have the same antagonistic relationship that Raphael has with his other brothers. This may be in part due to the fact that Michelangelo is shown on multiple occasions to clearly admire the Nightwatcher.

What takes center stage, however, is Raphael's rocky relationship with Leonardo. The animosity between them in this adaptation is arguably the most intense of the iterations. It is made apparent that Raphael resents Leonardo for leaving (or perhaps only because he stayed away an additional year past his original indeterminate training period). Master Splinter informs Leonardo, upon his return, that he should speak with Raphael as his "absence has been particularly difficult for [Raphael], though [Raphael] will never admit it".

Raphael's anger grows when Leonardo acts as though nothing has changed—treating his brothers like his "little soldiers" despite (at least from Raphael's perspective) abandoning them. This is compounded by Leonardo insulting the Nightwatcher and his methods to which Raphael replies that "crime never took a break, you did".

The tension between Raphael and Leonardo comes to a head when Leonardo later confronts the Nightwatcher. The confrontation devolves into a physical altercation in which Raphael's identity is revealed. After a verbal altercation, they begin to fight anew. They appear equally matched, until Raphael is visibly overtaken by rage, breaks Leonardo's katana, and barely refrains from mortally wounding him. Similar to previous iterations, Raphael retreats in a panic after realizing what his anger almost led to. Due to his disarmed state and exhaustion, Leonardo is easily subdued and kidnapped—for which Raphael feels responsible.

Raphael returns to the lair and in a fit of self-recrimination, confesses to Master Splinter that he understands why Leonardo is "the better son and [he] is not".  Master Splinter responds by explaining that Raphael's tendency to bear "the world's problems on [his] shoulders" is an admirable quality as a protector and emphasizes that while Raphael may not be his favorite student at times, that does not mean he is his least favorite son. He tells Raphael that his strength, passion, and loyalty are also merits of a great leader, but only if they can be tempered with compassion and humility. Though Master Splinter's words seem to calm him, Raphael still shows resistance to the compliments and admits his grave mistake: his actions led to Leonardo being taken.

Raphael, his family, Casey, and April rescue Leonardo. When they locate him inside Winter's tower, Raphael personally hands Leonardo a new set of katana. Throughout the final battle, the brothers seamlessly fight alongside one another, instead of against one another.

After the battle, the movie comes to a close with Raphael retiring as the Nightwatcher and placing his helmet among memorabilia in Splinter's shrine.

The movie ends with Raphael narrating about the importance of his bonds with his brothers over top of the classic scene of the turtles leaping across rooftops together.

Reboot series (2014–2016)
Raphael appears in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles portrayed by Alan Ritchson. In the film, he is aggressive and struggles with following orders. He often loses his temper and has fierce independence, which does not sit well with his brother Leonardo. He is the first turtle that April O' Neil sees after stopping the Foot Clan, although she does not get a good look at him and thinks he is a man. When April takes their picture, Raph threatens her even after Donatello erases her phone's memory data. In the battle at the turtle's lair with the Foot, Raph is crushed under rubble and is presumed dead. Because of this, he is the only turtle not captured by the Foot. When he awakes, he finds a dying Splinter who tells him and April to save his brothers. They team up with Vern Fenwick to help him save them from Sacks Industries, where he fights Shredder to buy April and Vern time to do so. After rescuing Leonardo, Donatello, and Michelangelo and defeating the Shredder, Raphael and his brothers use the mutagen to save Splinter's life. He, along with Donatello and Leonardo, do not try to get April's attention unlike Michelangelo who does voice his feelings to April. Although in the end of the movie he does show appreciation to her for sacrificing everything for them. In this incarnation, Raphael is not as hot headed and does not clash with Leonardo over leadership however they have a brief argument over the Hatamishi which Raphael refuses to go to and claims he will leave which Leo debunks. He is more close to his brothers in the film than in most adaptations. He does still get annoyed at Donatello when he does talk of his calculations in a way the others do not understand. He is the only turtle in the film to not wear any footwear, much like other adaptations of the turtles.

In the sequel, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows, Raphael is shown to be more like his standard self. He becomes enraged when he learns Leonardo had ordered Donnie not to reveal to him or Mikey about the Purple Ooze being able to turn them into humans, stating that Leo broke the third code of the ninja (honor) by lying to his brothers. He disobeys direct orders from Leo and has no problem lying to April and Casey in order to get them to go along on a mission with him. He does still show caring for his brothers as him and Mikey are shown to be very close, with the two of them pulling pranks on Casey Jones and Raph becoming enraged when Krang nearly kills Mikey. Raphael in the film is also shown to have a fear of great heights, possibly due to the events of the first film; while the other turtles leap out of an airplane with little thought Raphael puts on a parachute and even then must psych himself up to perform the jump.

DC crossover film
Raphael appears in the direct-to-video crossover film Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, voiced by Darren Criss. In the beginning of the movie, he is seen among with his brothers saving Barbara Gordon and stopping the Foot. They then fought the Penguin and his goons and later Batman, who easily defeats them and takes one of his sais.

Mutant Mayhem
Raphael appears in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutant Mayhem, the first computer-animated Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles flim since TMNT (2007), voiced by real teenager Brady Noon. This version of the character is implied to have temperamental issues, as he is incapable of retaining his actions and becomes incredibly excited and unfocused when fighting. He ends up befriending Bebop and Rocksteady due to their shared love showing off their strength and abilities and is glad when they switch over to their side and become a family.

Video games
In the first few video games, based on the 1987 cartoon, Raphael was an unpopular character because of the short range of his weapon. He is the least skilled Turtle, the same goes for the video game based on the 2007 movie TMNT. He appears in TMNT: Smash Up as a playable character, with Frank Frankson reprising his role. The Nightwatcher also makes an appearance as a separate playable character.

Raphael is one of the main playable characters in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows video game, where he is voiced by Carlos Alazraqui. His special move is Iron Fists, where he puts on iron gloves which have extremely high power, but little range. Raphael also appears in the 2014 film-based game, voiced by Roy Samuelson.

Raphael is featured as one of the playable characters from Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles as DLC in Injustice 2, voiced by Ben Rausch. While Leonardo is the default turtle outside the gear loadout, he, Michelangelo and Donatello can only be picked through the said loadout selection similar to the premier skin characters.

Raphael is featured as a TMNT season pass in Smite as a Loki skin, voiced by Mark Whitten. He is also available as a skin in Brawlhalla.

Raphael appears in Pixel Gun 3D as a skin called "Super Turtle".

Raphael is also a main playable character in the sequel to Turtles in Time, titled Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Shredder's Revenge.  In the game, Raphael is now the turtle with the most attack power and average speed, as opposed to Turtles in Time, where he had the highest speed with average attack power. He carries over his limited range from the original game. This is the first official Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles game in which he will be played by his original voice actor, Rob Paulsen.

Reception

In 2008, Raphael shared the fifth place with Leonardo on TechCrunch's list of Top 10 Video Game Ninja Characters. As mentioned above, he came in 23rd on IGN's list of Top 100 comic book heroes.

See also

 Tsundere

References

External links
 Raphael profile on official TMNT web site
 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Names and Character Biographies

Animal superheroes
Child superheroes
Comics characters introduced in 1984
Comics characters who can move at superhuman speeds
Comics characters with accelerated healing
Comics characters with superhuman strength
Comic martial artists
Fictional kobudōka
Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional melee weapons practitioners
Fictional motorcyclists
Fictional mutants
Fictional ninja
Fictional Ninjutsu practitioners
Fictional tonfajutsuka
Fictional turtles
Fighting game characters
Male characters in comics
Superheroes who are adopted
Teenage characters in comics
Teenage characters in television
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters
Teenage superheroes
Vigilante characters in comics

Raphael (Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles)


Karaahmetler, Bozdoğan - Aydın ili Bozdoğan ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Karaahmetler, Gölpazarı - Bilecik ili Gölpazarı ilçesine bağlı köy
 Karaahmetler, Çaycuma - Zonguldak ili Çaycuma ilçesine bağlı köy

Karaahmetler


Glazba u 1956. godini.

Svijet

Izdanja
Objavljeni studijski, koncertni i kompilacijski albumi, singlovi, maksi singlovi, EP-ovi.
Za poznate glazbenike koje su tad objavili djelo, ali nisu ga objavili nosaču zvuka kod izdavačke kuće, nego u vlastitom izdanju, to ulazi ovdje. Isto vrijedi i za one glazbenike koji (ni)su djelovali u doba kad nije bilo nosača zvuka, nego su djelo objavili u pisanom obliku.

Koncertne turneje
Održane koncertne turneje.

Istaknuti koncerti
Povijesno važni koncerti, prvi povijesni koncert nekog glazbenog subjekta ili posljednji (oproštajni) koncert nekog glazbenog subjekta.

Europska natjecanja
Europska glazbena natjecanja.

 Pjesma Eurovizije:

Osnivanja
Osnivanja poznatih izdavačkih kuća, sastava, prvi glazbeni angažman, glazbenih emisija na radiju, televiziji, glazbenih časopisa ili portala, pokretanje glazbene manifestacije, izgradnja poznate koncertne dvorane ili otvaranje poznatog glazbenog kluba, pojava (nastanak ili dolakak) glazbenog pravca i sl.

Gašenja i raspuštanja
Gašenja ili preuzimanja poznatih izdavačkih kuća, sastava, glazbenih emisija na radiju, televiziji, glazbenih časopisa ili portala, glazbene manifestacije, raspuštanja glazbenih subjekata i sl.

Rođenja
Rođenja poznatih glazbenika i osoba u svezi s glazbom.
 17. siječnja – Paul Young
 31. siječnja – John Lydon
 3. veljače – Lee Ranaldo
 28. veljače – Guy Maddin
 12. ožujka – Steve Harris
 22. travnja – Jukka-Pekka Saraste
 29. svibnja – La Toya Jackson
 3. srpnja – Stephen Pearcy
 15. srpnja – Joe Satriani
 29. kolovoza – GG Allin
 21. rujna – Bill Leeb
 23. listopada – Geoffrey Kelly
 23. listopada –  Dianne Reeves
 23. listopada – Dwight Yoakam
 4. studenoga –  Jordan Rudess
 6. prosinca – Randy Rhoads
 23. prosinca – Dave Murray

Smrti
Smrti poznatih glazbenika i osoba u svezi s glazbom.

Ostalo
Uvođenje novih nosača zvuka, medijskog servisa i distribucijskog kanala i sl.

Hrvatska i u Hrvata

Kandidiranje za europska i svjetska natjecanja
Hrvatski kandidat za Pjesmu Eurovizije na Jugoviziji.

Festivali

Nagrade

Izdanja
Objavljeni studijski, koncertni i kompilacijski albumi, singlovi, maksi singlovi, EP-ovi.
Za poznate glazbenike koje su tad objavili djelo, ali nisu ga objavili nosaču zvuka kod izdavačke kuće, nego u vlastitom izdanju, to ulazi ovdje. Isto vrijedi i za one glazbenike koji (ni)su djelovali u doba kad nije bilo nosača zvuka, nego su djelo objavili u pisanom obliku.

Osnivanja
Osnivanja poznatih izdavačkih kuća, udruga, sastava, prvi glazbeni angažman, glazbenih emisija na radiju, televiziji, glazbenih časopisa ili portala, pokretanje glazbene manifestacije, izgradnja poznate koncertne dvorane ili otvaranje poznatog glazbenog kluba, pojava (nastanak ili dolakak) glazbenog pravca i sl.

Gašenja i raspuštanja
Gašenja ili preuzimanja poznatih izdavačkih kuća, sastava, glazbenih emisija na radiju, televiziji, glazbenih časopisa ili portala, glazbene manifestacije, raspuštanja glazbenih subjekata i sl.

Rođenja
Rođenja poznatih glazbenika i osoba u svezi s glazbom.

Smrti
Smrti poznatih glazbenika i osoba u svezi s glazbom.

Ostalo
Uvođenje novih nosača zvuka, medijskog servisa i distribucijskog kanala i sl.

Izvori

1956.
Godine 20. stoljeća

Glazba u 1956.


Fíflsmát er stysta mögulega mát sem hægt er að gera. Venjulega er þessi aðferð með hvorum sem er litnum kölluð þessu nafni. Þar sem hægt er að ná mátinu í 2 leikjum með svörtum en 3 með hvítum er fíflsmát með svörtum stysta mögulega mát. Næstfljótlegasta mátunaraðferðin er nefnd smalamát.

Skákgildrur

Fíflsmát


إن مصطلح الكتلة الحقيقية  هو مرادف للمصطلح الكتلة، لكنها تُستعمل في علم الفلك للتفريق بين كتلة الكوكب المقاسة عن الحد الأدنى للكتلة التي يمكن الحصول عليها من تقنية السرعة الشعاعية. الطرق التي تستعمل لتحديد الكتلة الحقيقية لكوكب هي قياس المسافة وفترة لواحدة من أقمارها الصناعية، والتقنيات الفلكية المتقدمة تكون باستعمال حركة الكواكب الأخرى في نفس النظام النجمي، وجمع تقنيات السرعة الشعاعية مع الملاحظات العابرة (التي تشير إلى التوجهات المدارية المنخفضة جداً)، وجمع تقنيات السرعة الشعاعية مع قياسات اختلافية المنظر (التي تحدد أيضاً التوجهات المدارية).

انظر أيضاً
 كتلة السكون

المراجع

كتلة
هندسة فلكية

كتلة حقيقية


Jean Alexandre (n. 24 de agosto de 1986) es un futbolista haitiano natural de Verrettes. Juega de centrocampista y su equipo actual es el San Jose Earthquakes de la Major League Soccer.

Trayectoria

Profesional

Hizo su debut profesional el 28 de marzo de 2009, al entrar como sustituto en un juego contra Seattle Sounders. Fue cedido a la USL First Division al Austin Aztex en mayo de 2009.

Alexandre anotó su primer gol con el Real Salt Lake el 4 de junio de 2011 contra el Vancouver Whitecaps FC, y el 1 de diciembre de ese mismo año fue traspasado al San Jose Earthquakes, donde trabaja actualmente.

Selección nacional
Alexandre es jugador de la Selección de fútbol de Haití. El 2 de septiembre de 2011, Alexandre anotó sus dos primeros goles internacionales en la victoria 6-0 ante la Selección de fútbol de las Islas Vírgenes Estadounidenses.

Goles internacionales

Clubes

Palmarés

Campeonatos nacionales

Referencias

Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol de Haití
Futbolistas del Real Salt Lake
Futbolistas del San Jose Earthquakes

Jean Alexandre


Neverí () je rijeka na istoku Venezuele. Duga je 80 km, koja protiče kroz savezne države Sucre i Anzoátegui i ulijeva se u Karipsko more.

Riječni tijek
Rijeka izvire je na sjevernim obroncima planine Cerro Tristeza, u saveznoj državi Sucre, na nadmorskoj visini od 2,200 metara. Od izvora rijeka generalno teče prema zapadu, kroz duboki strmi kanjon probijajući se kroz planinski teren. Kad primi pritok Aragua, ulazi u obalnu ravnicu gdje uz velike meandre skreće prema sjeveru prema ušću u Karipskom moru. Nakon što uđe u grad Barcelonu formira deltu.

U svom gornjem toku kroz Državu Sucre, Neverí je tipična planinska rijeka, dok je u donjem nakon Araguite (Anzoátegui), prava nizinska koja formira aluvijalnu ravnicu.

Područje njenog slijeva obuhvaća površinu od 2.990 km².

Jedine stalne pritoke su rijeke Naricual i Aragua. Rijeka Neverí i njene pritoke poznate su po endemskoj vrsti pirana (Serrasalmus neveriensis), vrsti koja je bezopasna za ljude.

Izvori

Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.

Rijeke u Venezueli
Karipski slijev (Južna Amerika)

Neverí


කඞවත සමින්ද තෙරණුවෝ යනු බෞද්ධ භික්ෂුවක් වන්නාහ. සාක්‍යමුනි සම්බුධ විහාරය මෙල්බර්න් ඕස්ට්‍රේලියාවහි වැඩවසයි.

චරිතාපදානය

සංක්‍ෂිප්ත විස්තරය
කඞවත සමින්ද තෙරණුවෝ කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසුවෙකි.

ආශ්‍රිත

කොළඹ නාලන්දා විද්‍යාලයයේ ආදි සිසු බෞද්ධ භික්ෂූන්

බෞද්ධ දාර්ශනිකයන්
නූතන බෞද්ධ ගත්කතුවරු
චරිත කතා
ශ්‍රී ලාංකිකයෝ
ආදි නාලන්දියයෝ
භික්‍ෂූහූ
ලාංකික සිංහලයෝ

කඞවත සමින්ද තෙරණුවෝ


Rubens de Jesus, mais conhecido como Rubens Feijão (Taubaté, 9 de maio de 1957) é um ex-futebolista brasileiro.

Fez parte da 1ª geração dos Meninos da Vila, de 1978.

Carreira
Começou a carreira nas divisões de base do EC Taubaté. Em 1975, quando estava no Guarujá para representar sua cidade nos Jogos Abertos do Interior, foi levado à Vila realizar testes. Em 1977, foi artilheiro dos juvenis do Santos com 11 gols.

Se profissionalizou no Santos. Lançado pelo técnico Otto Glória, teve sua primeira chance na equipe principal em um clássico diante do Palmeiras, onde marcou o gol de empate santista na partida. Rubens jogou na última partida oficial disputada por Pelé, em 1º de outubro de 1977, em Nova Iorque, quando o Cosmos derrotou o Santos por 2x1.

Fez parte da 1ª geração dos Meninos da Vila, que foi campeã paulista de 1978. Em 1980, virou titular da equipe, quando o técnico Pepe assumiu o comando técnico do time santista. Nesta temporada, Rubens atuou em 59 partidas, fez diversas assistências, além de marcar 17 gols, sendo o artilheiro da equipe no ano ao lado de Nilton Batata.

Se despediu do Santos em 22 de maio de 1981, no empate de 1x1 contra o Guarani. Pelo clube, fez 134 jogos e marcou 35 gols.

Em 1981 foi contratado pelo Bangu por Castor de Andrade, para disputar o Campeonato Carioca de 1981. Feijão foi o grande destaque, e artilheiro com 15 gols marcados, daquela equipe que acabou em quarto lugar na competição.

Em 1982, novamente Rubens Feijão foi o principal jogador do Bangu que chegou as quartas de finais do Campeonato Brasileiro.

Empolgado com as atuações de seu meio-campo, o patrono do Bangu, Castor de Andrade, mandou erguer um busto do jogador na entrada da sede do clube. Depois disso, Feijão começou a cair de produção. Precavido, Castor de Andrade voltou atrás e deu ordens ao escultor para suspender, temporariamente, a obra.

Após um período pouco inspirado, voltou para o futebol paulista, em setembro de 1983, contratado pelo Guarani que lutava para escapar do rebaixamento. Ficou no Bugre até 1985.

No ano seguinte, em janeiro, foi para o Ceará Sporting Club, onde tornou-se o maior nome da equipe cearense ao ser artilheiro, com 30 gols, e campeão do estadual de 1986.

Em 1987, atuou pela Ferroviária. Aos 30 anos, em 1987, foi contratado pelo Boavista de Portugal e permaneceu na Europa até encerrar sua carreira. Parou em 1994, na segunda divisão do futebol alemão.

Futebolistas do Santos Futebol Clube
Futebolistas do Guarani Futebol Clube
Futebolistas do Bangu Atlético Clube
Futebolistas do Ceará Sporting Club
Futebolistas da Associação Ferroviária de Esportes
Futebolistas do Boavista Futebol Clube
Naturais de Taubaté

Rubens Feijão