The Caelian Hill ( ; ;  ) is one of the famous seven hills of Rome.

Geography

The Caelian Hill is a sort of long promontory about  long,  to  wide, and  tall in the park near the Temple of Claudius. The hill overlooks a plateau from which the Esquiline, Viminal and Quirinal hills also arise.

Caeliolus (also Caeliculus or Caelius Minor) corresponds to a section of the hill, maybe the westernmost one, towards the valley that houses the Colosseum, or the one now occupied by the Basilica dei Santi Quattro Coronati.

History

Archaic age

Under the reign of Tullus Hostilius, the entire population of Alba Longa was forcibly resettled on the Caelian Hill. According to a tradition recounted by Varro, the hill received its name from the Etruscan folk hero Caelius Vibenna, because he either settled there or was honored posthumously by his friend Servius Tullius. Other authors have linked the name to the Latin caelum, "heaven". Nevertheless, the former name of the hill probably was Querquetulanus mons due to the abundance of oaks (Latin: Quercus). Scholarship suggests that there existed the ethnic name Querquetulani as a designation of the previous inhabitants of Caelius, in pre-Etruscan times.

Mons Caelius would have been included in the city perimeter under the reign of Ancus Marcius. The list of Septimontium mentions it, and it was part of the 1st city quarter (Suburana) in the division made by Servius Tullius. In the later Augustan division, it became the Regio II Caelimontium.

A trace of the archaic period remains in the memory of cults of woods and sources, such as that of the nymph Egeria in the wood of Camenae, just outside Porta Capena. Numa Pompilius is said to have been particularly devoted to his sanctuary.

Republican age
In Republican age (as well in Imperial Rome) the Caelian Hill was a fashionable residential district and the site of residences of the wealthy. A section of Pliny the Elder's Natural History, "Who Was the First to Encrust the Walls of Houses at Rome with Marble", attests to this. Mamurra, a soldier who served under Julius Caesar in Gaul and profited tremendously from corruption, achieved this expensive feat on the Caelian Hill; Horace and Catullus mocked him accordingly.

Most of the hill was outside the boundaries of the pomerium, therefore temples to foreign divinities were allowed to be built, such as the Temple of Minerva Capta or the old Sacellum of Diana, outside the Servian Wall.

Some sepulchres, such as the burial chamber in Via Celimontana, just before Piazza di San Giovanni in Laterano, date back to this period.

Imperial age

Under Augustus the Caelian Hill was one of the 14 divisions of the town, called Caelimontium. The area between the Lateran and Porta Maggiore was included in the v Regio (Esquiliae), though physically it is part of the hill.

On the higher point of the side facing the Colosseum, the Temple of Claudius was erected on a huge supporting platform. It was dedicated to the Emperor Claudius and begun by his widow Agrippina after his death and deification in 54 AD; it was not ultimately finished until the reign of Vespasian. Nero added a grand nymphaeum (tiered water fountain) to the eastern retaining wall of this platform, with semi-circular and rectangular niches. The water to supply this fountain was supplied by a special branch of the Aqua Claudia, called the Arcus Neroniani, which extended 2 kilometres west from the Claudia at Porta Maggiore and terminated on the southern side of the Caelian Hill in a structure called the Aqueductium. The Aqueductium distributed the water via conduits to reservoirs behind the nymphaeum and to the site of the temple.

The remains found in the area of the hill allow one to reconstruct a conspicuous housing phase in the second half of the 2nd century AD, while former buildings of the 1st century BC were probably destroyed by a fire in AD 27.

Jerome alleges that Marcus Aurelius was born on the Caelian Hill in AD 121.

In the 4th century rich domus, surrounded by vast parks, stood on the hill, such as the ones belonging to the Symmachi (near which rose the Basilica hilariana) and Tetrici families, as well as the domus Faustae, maybe belonged to the wife of Constantine I. The property of the Annii, of Domitia Lucilla Minor (the mother of Marcus Aurelius) and of the Quintilii became part of the Domus Vectiliana of Commodus.

In the interurban area of the hill several barracks were built for the troops stationed in the capital: in the site of the Basilica of Saint Stephen in the Round there were the Castra Peregrina (built under Trajan and restored several times in the following centuries), close to a large house of the Valerii (domus Valerii). Opposite, stood the headquarters of the V Cohort of the Vigiles (stazio cohortis V vigilum).

In a land possession of the Laterani family Septimius Severus built between 193 and 197 the castra nova equitum singularium, a new barrack for the knights corps of the imperial guard, opposite the former barrack built under Trajan (castra priora equitum singularium). When Constantine I dissolved the corps, the new basilica dedicated to the Messiah, which later became the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran, partially occupied the area of the Severian camp.

The decisive battle in the 271 revolt of mint workers, led by Felicissimus, took place on the Caelian Hill. It is possible that this uprising was somehow connected with the senatorial and equestrian classes, as Aurelian executed several senators.

The buildings of the Caelian hill were badly damaged during the sack of Alaric in 410; starting from this period, the hill was subject to increasing abandonment and ruralization.

Middle Ages
In the 6th century it was part of the II Roman ecclesiastical region due to its proximity to the Lateran basilica, so much so that the toponym of "Laterano" was often used for the entire hill. The erection of the Patriarchium, probably still in 6th Century, gave rise to the creation of various tituli (the oldest places of Christian worship, often within private houses) and xenodochia (centers for the assistance and reception of pilgrims and sick).

New churches continued to be built, initially to replace and above the former tituli, later independently, such as the Basilica of Saints John and Paul, the Basilica of the Four Crowned Martyrs, the Basilica of St. Mary in Domnica, the Basilica of St. Stephen in the Round, the church of San Giovanni a Porta Latina, the church of San Gregorio al Celio, the church of San Tommaso in Formis, the church of San Sisto Vecchio

Monasteries, often surrounded by estates and gardens, were also founded on the hill, as well as some towers of noble families, mainly in the 10th and 11th centuries. A new destruction was suffered with the sack of 1084.

Since the 12th century, it was part of the Regio Montium, which even extended to the Quirinal Hill.

Later history
Today the Caelian Hill is included in the Rione of the same name and, continuing its vocation for assistance, hosts the Policlinico Militare del Celio, built on a project by Salvatore Bianchi and Filippo Laccetti.

George Santayana lived in a room at the Convent of English Blue Sisters on the Caelian Hill from 1912 until his death.

Monuments

 Temple of Claudius
 Basilica dei Santi Quattro Coronati
 Clivus Scauri
 Library of Pope Agapetus I
 Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo
 Sant'Andrea al Celio
 Church of San Gregorio al Celio
 Basilica di Santa Maria in Domnica
 Arch of Dolabella
 Villa Celimontana
 Obelisk of villa Celimontana
 Church of San Tommaso in Formis
 Porta Metronia
 Porta Latina
 Church of San Giovanni a Porta Latina
 Oratory of San Giovanni in Oleo
 Tomb of the Scipios
 Basilica of San Sisto Vecchio
 Basilica di Santo Stefano Rotondo al Monte Celio

See also

References

Bibliography
 Filippo Coarelli, Guida archeologica di Roma, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Verona 1984.
 Caelius I Santa Maria in Domnica San Tommaso in Formis e il clivus Scauri, edited by A. Englen, Erma di Bretschneider, Rome 2003
Livy, Book One

External links
Samuel Ball Platner, A Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome: Caelian Hill

Seven hills of Rome
Septimontium
Alba Longa
Rome R. XIX Celio

Caelian Hill


88. breddegrad kan henvise til:

 88. nordlige breddekreds
 88. sydlige breddekreds

88. breddegrad


Sabáudia es un municipio brasilero del estado del Paraná. Su población estimada en 2006 era de 5.502 habitantes. Su área territorial es de 190 km². Su morador más ilustre es Adilino de Abreu Svarza, personaje importante de muchas histórias brasileras.

Referencias

Localidades de Paraná

Sabáudia


Pokrata za ocjensko-spretnostna vožnja u automobilizmu.
 Österreichischer Schriftstellerverband
 OSV-96, ruska puška
 Poredak riječi objekt-subjekt-glagol (Object–Subject–Verb)
 Pokrata za Offshore support vessel
 Operating System Vendor; prodavači operacijskih sustava kao Microsoft i Apple
 Operating System Virtualization, metoda primjene virtualnih računala
 Our Sunday Visitor, američka katolička novina
 Opel Special Vehicles, Opelova podružnica
 OSv, operacijski sustav za virtualne strojeve

OSV


Nils Ferlin (11 December 1898 - 21 October 1961) was a Swedish poet and lyricist.

Biography

Nils Ferlin was born in  Karlstad, Värmland, where his father worked at Nya Wermlands-Tidningen. In 1908, the family moved to Filipstad, and his father started his own newspaper. His father died the next year, however, and the family moved from their comfortable residence to a humbler dwelling in the industrial district so that Ferlin could finish his education. He graduated at the age of sixteen.

Ferlin had a minor career as an actor and debuted at the age of seventeen in Salomé by Oscar Wilde. He continued his career with a traveling theater company.

Although many of Ferlin's poems are melancholic, they are not without humor. Several were set to music and became popular songs such as En valsmelodi, an attack on the music industry. Ferlin sold over 300,000 volumes of his poetry during his lifetime. His lasting appeal is partly attributed to his vivid portrayal of central Stockholm before urban renewal and his association with the popular culture that flourished there then.

Several statues of Nils Ferlin have been erected in Sweden: one in Filipstad of him sitting on a park bench, one in the Karlstad city square of him standing on a table, and one near Klara kyrka in Stockholm of him lighting a cigarette.

Ferlin's lyrics have been translated into English by Martin S. Allwood, Fred Lane, Thord Fredenholm  and Roger Hinchliffe.

Bibliography
1930 En döddansares visor (Songs of a death dancer)
1933 Barfotabarn (Barefoot children)
1937 Lars och Lisa i Stockholm (Lars and Lisa in Stockholm)
1938 Goggles
1944 Med många kulörta lyktor (With plenty of colored lanterns)
1951 Kejsarens papegoja (The emperor's parrot)
1957 Från mitt ekorrhjul (From my squirrel wheel)

See also
Swedish ballad tradition

References

External links

Swedish
Nils Ferlin sällskapet
Nils Ferlin at Swedish music and film.
Cirkusartisten som blev vår folkkäraste poet
English
.
Nils Ferlin at the Internet Archive.
Translations
Couplet and other poems
Videos

 Song begins at 8:36 of medley.
 Song begins at 7:42 of medley.

1898 births
1961 deaths
People from Karlstad
Writers from Värmland
Swedish-language poets
20th-century Swedish poets

Nils Ferlin


Herbert Arnold Walter Sieronski (* 8. November 1906 in Berlin; † Februar 1945 in der Sowjetunion) war ein deutscher Radrennfahrer.

Im Jahre 1928 gewann er Rund um Leipzig. Profi-Radrennfahrer war er von 1930 bis 1937. Dreimal startete er mit der Nationalmannschaft bei der Tour de France, 1931 belegte er Rang 20 und 1932 Rang 39. Zweimal – 1930 und 1937 – gewann er Etappen der Deutschland-Rundfahrt. 1932 wurde er Dritter von Paris-Roubaix, gewann Marseille–Lyon und 1933 den Circuit du Mont-Blanc. 1934 belegte er den dritten Platz bei Berlin–Cottbus–Berlin. Sieronski wurde 1932 in Frankreich sehr populär, als er nach langer Führung, unglücklichem Sturz und langem Kampf noch Vierter im Rennen Bordeaux–Paris geworden war.

Sein ehemaliger Mannschaftskollege Kurt Stöpel widmete Sieronski in seinem Buch Tour de France ein ganzes Kapitel. Überliefert ist sein Rat an Stöpel: "Beiß die Zähne zusammen und iss einen Reiskuchen."

Sieronski starb im Februar 1945 auf einem Gefangenentransport von Stalingrad nach der Süd-Ukraine an der Ruhr und Entkräftung.

In den Jahren 1948 (Sieger: Otto Ziege) und 1949 wurden in Berlin "Herbert-Sieronski-Gedächtnisrennen" ausgetragen.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Radsportler (Deutschland)
Geboren 1906
Gestorben 1945
Mann
Deutscher

Herbert Sieronski


Nykøbing Mors Kirke (Sankt Clemens Kirke) er en kirke i Nykøbing Mors Sogn i Nykøbing på Mors. Tidligere lå kirken i Morsø Sønder Herred, Thisted Amt.

Historie

Den gamle kirke
I 1884 måtte man lukke den gamle Sankt Clemens kirke, da den var brøstfældig. Man diskuterede, om man skulle restaurere den gamle kirke eller bygge en ny, men man opgav at redde den gamle kirke og valgte at rive den ned og opføre den nuværende kirke. Den gamle kirke var en sengotisk langhusbygning, hvis nordmur stammede fra en tidligere romansk kirke, i murværket var desuden indsat flere kvadre fra den romanske kirke. Ved udgravninger i Nykøbing har man fundet en romansk vinduesoverligger med tovsnoning og ansigt, den menes at stamme fra den romanske kirke på stedet.

Den nye kirke
Den nuværende kirke er opført 1890-91 ved arkitekterne O.P. Momme og Ludvig Frederik Olesen. Bygningen er opført i nygotisk stil af røde mursten og består af hovedskib og korsarme mod øst og vest samt kor mod syd. Koret har tresidet afslutning.

Tårnet mod nord har fire gavle og ottekantet spir. Alle gavle er kamtakkede og blændingsprydede. Til gesimser, kamme og mønstermurværk er benyttet glaserede teglsten i forskellig farve. Tårnrummet er dækket af et fladt bjælkeloft med dekorativ udsmykning tegnet af C.N. Overgaard. I tympanonfeltet over indgangsdøren ses en fresko, Den gode hyrde, udført af Johan Thomas Skovgaard i 1964.

Hovedskib og korsarme er dækket af tøndehvælv med dekorativ udsmykning, tegnet af C.N. Overgaard. Korets udsmykning er tegnet af August Jerndorff, som også har udført altertavlens malerier i 1892. I fløjene og på topstykket ses engle, som bærer tekstbånd med Fadervor, i hovedfeltet ses Kristus omgivet af personer, der er portrætter fra datidens menighed, den knælende mand foran Kristus er arbejdsmand Niels Nysum. Prædikestolen er ifølge en indskrift udført i 1605 og har stået i den tidligere kirke. Efter år 2000 har kirken indkøbt to skulpturer af Niels Helledie, en Kristusfigur som står ved hovedindgangen og et krucifiks som er ophængt øst for koret.

I østre korsarm står en munkestol (~korstol?) med minuskel og majuskelindskrift fra omkring 1500, den menes at stamme fra Dueholm klosterkirke. I østre korsarm står desuden otte stolestader med gavle fra 1572, gavlene har udskårne dekorationer og bomærkeskjolde; de har stået i den sengotiske kirke, som blev nedrevet i 1884. Det øvrige stoleværk er fra 1891. Den nygotiske træfont med dåbshimmel er tegnet af J.H. Nebelong i 1856 og har ligeledes stået i den tidligere kirke. I den østre korsarm er ophængt et altermaleri, som Grevinde Danner skænkede den tidligere kirke i 1856.

Den romanske granitfont stammer formodentlig fra den tidligere romanske kirke i Nykøbing Mors og stod i den sengotiske kirke til 1856, da den blev udskiftet med træfonten og solgt til en landmand, der benyttede den som svinetrug. Senere blev den købt tilbage til kirken og blev renhugget, i 1891 blev den opstillet uden for indgangen på en ny fod, i 1933 blev den udlånt til Lørslev Kirke og kom tilbage til Nykøbing Kirke i 1966, hvor den erstattede træfonten. Fonten er registreret under Lørslev Kirke i Mackeprang - Nord og Sønderjylland - Vestjylland, Salling og Himmerland - Mors.
Foran kirkens indgang ses en skulptur fra 2002 af Erik Heide.

Galleri

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Artiklens tekst er fra siden 'Nykøbing Sankt Clemens kirke'  fra Nordenskirker.dk med frit materiale - jævnfør "Tilladelse til materiale fra Nordenskirker.dk"
 Nykøbing Kirke  hos Aalborgstift.dk med mange billeder og tekst
 Billede og beskrivelse af den nedrevne kirke fra Danmarkskirker.natmus.dk (pdf-fil)
 Om kirken fra 8692.ny3s.dk (med pdf-fil)
 Om kirken hos Trap: Kongeriget Danmark - 3. Udgave 4. Bind : Hjørring, Thisted, Aalborg, Viborg og Randers Amter
 Sankt Clemens Kirke hos KortTilKirken.dk

Kirker i Morsø Kommune
Kirker i Aalborg Stift
Kirker i Thisted Amt

Nykøbing Mors Kirke


فرانشيسكو لودي  (مواليد 23 مارس 1984 في نابولي - إيطاليا) لاعب كرة قدم إيطالي يلعب حاليا لصالح نادي الدرجة الأولى كاتانيا الإيطالي منذ 2011 في مركز الوسط المهاجم .

روابط خارجية

مراجع

مهاجمو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص من مدينة نابولي
رياضيون من نابولي
لاعبو أودينيزي
لاعبو إمبولي
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثالثة
لاعبو بارما
لاعبو جنوى
لاعبو الدوري الإيطالي الدرجة الثانية
لاعبو فروسينوني
لاعبو فيتشينزا
لاعبو كرة قدم إيطاليون
لاعبو منتخب إيطاليا تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب إيطاليا لكرة القدم للشباب
لاعبو نادي تريستينا
لاعبو نادي كاتانيا
مواليد 1984
مواليد في نابولي
لاعبو كرة قدم من نابولي

فرانشيسكو لودي


«Lo que queda por delante» —título original en inglés: «What Lies Ahead»— es el primer episodio de la segunda temporada de la serie de terror post-apocalíptica The Walking Dead. Se estrenó en AMC en Estados Unidos el 16 de octubre de 2011. El episodio fue escrito por Frank Darabont (bajo el seudónimo de Ardeth Bey) y Robert Kirkman, y dirigido por Gwyneth Horder-Payton y Ernest Dickerson. En el episodio, Rick Grimes lleva a su grupo a Fort Benning, Georgia, pero durante un encuentro con una horda de zombis, Sophia Peletier (Madison Lintz) desaparece, llevando a que el grupo la busque.

"What Lies Ahead" fue el episodio final que Darabont escribió, después de haber sido despedido de la serie en julio de 2010. El episodio fue previsto para la Convención Internacional de Cómics en San Diego, California, el 22 de julio de 2011. La producción comenzó en junio de 2011. A diferencia de los episodios de la primera temporada, la mayor fotografía para "What Lies Ahead" tomó lugar fuera de los límites de la ciudad de Atlanta, Georgia; la filmación tuvo lugar en Smyrna, Georgia. En previsión del episodio, varios segmentos fueron anunciados y emitidos, incluyendo una serie de seis partes en Internet y un show en vivo después de la serie conducido por Chris Hardwick.

El episodio fue bien recibido por los críticos de televisión, quiénes dijeron que el episodio fue un comienzo fuerte para la temporada. Las clasificaciones para el episofio fueron igualmente positivas. En los Estados Unidos, el episodio rompió el récord del drama más visto en la historia del cable básico, con 7.3 millones de espectadores. En todo el mundo, el episodio promedió un índice de audiencia de 2.0 en los mercados de televisión.

Trama
En el techo de un edificio en Atlanta, Rick (Andrew Lincoln) intentaba nuevamente comunicarse con Morgan y lo ponía al tanto de lo que había acontecido con el CDC. Él le explica que habían perdido a una más del grupo en la explosión y le dice que planeaban abandonar la ciudad puesto que ya no era segura.

Mientras los sobrevivientes se preparaban para dirigirse a Fort Benning, Rick le pide a su amigo que se cuide y entonces corta la señal. Todos suben a sus vehículos y entonces abandonan Atlanta, mientras viajaban por la carretera, Rick y Lori (Sarah Wayne Callies) comparten recuerdos con su hijo Carl (Chandler Riggs), Carol y su hija Sophia Peletier (Madison Lintz). En la autocaravana de Dale (Jeffrey DeMunn) una aún depresiva Andrea (Laurie Holden) observaba cómo Shane Walsh (Jon Bernthal) limpiaba sus armas y entonces éste se ofrece a enseñarle a hacer lo mismo indicándole que no era muy difícil. Glenn (Steven Yeun) revisaba el mapa para ver si se dirigían por buen camino, pero una interrumpción de congestión vehicular los obliga a detenerse, mientras ellos comienzan a juntar provisiones en el abandonado tráfico vehicular situado en la carretera.

A la distancia, el grupo se percata de una horda masiva de caminantes, por lo cual se refugian debajo de los autos abandonados en la carretera. Andrea se esconde dentro de la caravana, pero pronto un caminante la descubre, Andrea lucha con el. Dale le ayuda con un destornillador a Andrea desde un agujero en el baño a través del techo de la camioneta para usarlo como arma. T-Dog se corta el brazo durante su escape y la sangre que fluye hacia el atrae la atención de las hordas. Daryl, lo rescata y apuñaló a un caminante y ambos se ocultan bajo los cuerpos que emiten el olor de los cadáveres, esto ocasiona que los caminantes se confundan y no puedan verlos, lo cual logran camulfarse de ellos. Sophia, escondiéndose debajo de un automóvil, es notada por dos caminantes y Sophia comienza a correr hacia el bosque. Los caminantes la están siguiendo. Rick va a auxiliarla y Sophia acorralada se esconde en un agujero cerca y le dice que se quede en ese agujero, un lugar seguro y ella se va en dirección opuesta para esconderse, mientras él elimina a los caminantes.

La horda pronto pasa y el grupo vuelve a despejar el camino, mientras que Rick y Daryl intentan encontrar a Sophia. Mientras Rick se va, Shane le dice a la esposa de Rick, Lori, que planea dejar el grupo por su propia cuenta. Rick y Daryl encuentran a un caminante y lo eliminan para examinar si se devoró a Sophia pero Daryl descubre que este se devoró a una marmota y ambos regresan sin éxito, y el grupo pasa la noche para reanudar la búsqueda al día siguiente. Carol reprocha a Rick por perder a Sophia, pero Lori le regaña a Carol por su mala actitud hacia su esposo.

Durante la búsqueda, Andrea se enfrenta a Dale acerca de su decisión de permanecer en el CDC y de querer morir en sus propios términos y su decisión de quedarse con ella le quitó esa oportunidad. El grupo encuentra una pequeña iglesia y eliminan a los pocos caminantes dentro. Mientras Carol reza por el regreso de su hija, Andrea le pide al grupo un arma y Lori le otorga una ella a regañadientes la recibe pero Lori se da cuenta de que Andrea no le tiene simpatía, luego escucha a Shane discutiendo con Lori sobre su partida, y ella le dice que quiere ir con él ya que ambos no encajan en el grupo. Rick, al ver que el grupo comienza a separarse, cuestiona sus habilidades de liderazgo y también reza por orientación.

Rick, Shane y Carl van a buscar comida y ven un ciervo cerca. Cuando Carl se acerca, suena un disparo, y Carl descubre que recibió un disparo en el estómago, cayendo ante la sorpresa de Rick.

Producción

Historia

"What Lies Ahead" fue originalmente destinado a ser el segundo episodio de la segunda temporada de la serie. El proyecto propuesto, escrito y dirigido por Frank Darabont, nunca se materializó debido a recortes presupuestarios. Sam Witwer, quién apareció como un soldado moribundo, se frustró al enterarse de su rechazo. "Esto es porque las personas querían ahorrar dinero," articuló. "Esto es porque sintieron necesario cortar el presupuesto como un 35 por ciento. ¿Realmente? ¿Recorte presupuestario? No estoy feliz sobre ello. Y, no es tan simple como no apoyen The Walking Dead porque hay muchas buenas personas en el set. Las personas que se matan por entretenernos a todos [...] Las personas quiénes han sido amenazadas para no hablar más de lo que pasó. Es feo [...] es realmente feo lo que pasó."

La secuencia inicial muestra las fases iniciales del apocalipsis zombi. Darabont buscó la influencia de la película Black Hawk Down (2001). Dijo: "Todo lo que tienen que hacer es viajar quizás una docena de manzanas, un simple viaje, pero lo que empieza de 'la ciudad está siendo asegurada' a 'diablos, hemos perdido el control, el mundo se está terminando.'" El episodio habría introducido a varios personajes, incluyendo a Andrea, Dale, y Amy (Emma Bell).

La imagen es del equipo llegando a una barrera abierta donde algunos civiles están siendo detenidos de dejar la ciudad para detener la propagación del contagio, es una escena de pánico e intensidad, y en esta multitud de personas desesperadas, encontramos a Andrea y Amy. Los armados generan pánico, los civiles comienzan a ser derribados por una ametralladora, y en esta escena las chicas son salvadas por un señor mayor que no conocen. Es Dale. Él no es nadie para ellas, sólo un tipo que vio la oportunodad de hacer lo correcto y reaccionó en el momento.

La escena final del episodio se recuerda al piloto, "Days Gone Bye". "Después que el soldado muere esta muerte miserable [...] y después de un lapso de silencio [...] hacemos como una repetición del primer episodio de la primera temporada," dijo Darabont. "Rick viene luchando en el tanque para escapar de la horda [...] le vuela los sesos del soldado zombie [...] ahora Rick está atrapado [...] se desmaya [...] fin." "La idea era tomar el zombie del tanque que Rick encontró en el piloto, y contar la historia de ese soldado. Hacerlo la estrella de su propia película, seguir su camino, pero no revelar quién es hasta el final. La idea es que cada zombie tiene una historia."

Filmación

En PaleyFest 2011, se anunció que la producción para "What Lies Ahead", junto con la segunda temporada de la serie, ocurriría fuera de los límites de la ciudad de Atlanta, Georgia. La mayoría del rodaje para el episodio tomó lugar en el Condado de Henry, Georgia. La filmografía en la ubicación del Condado fue de un período de cuatro días desde el 5 de junio hasta el 9 de junio de 2011. Un ratmo de la ruta 20 del Estado de Georgia fue utilizada en producción; como un resultado, el tráfico en el área fue redirigido a las carreteras adyacentes a Atlanta Motor Speedway. Una imagen promocional fue liberada poco después de la culminación de la filmación.

En este momento, estoy parado en un tramo de la carretera interestatal post-apocalíptica en Georgia, llena de coches abandonados y rezando para estar reunido con nuestro elenco maravilloso, y nuestros fantásticos directores y equipo. En general, no hay ninguno mejor. Es genial grabar de nuevo. Creo que nos hemos embarcado en una gran temporada.

El rodaje para el episodio se reanudó en el Centro Cobb de Artes Escénicas en Smyrna, Georgia, que fue descrito como la sede de los Centros para el Control y Prevención de Enfermedades. En la preparación para la fotografía principal, varios caminos vecinales fueron cerrados por un período de cuatro horas. La producción se trasladó a un parque de oficinas cercano, donde comenzó el estreno de temporada antes de su emisión. En una entrevista con Entertainment Weekly, el creador Robert Kirkman dijo que después de editar ampliamente el episodio, "había ciertas cosas que sólo se quedaron en la sala de montaje."

Recepción

Índices de audiencia
"What Lies Ahead" fue transmitido en los Estados Unidos el 16 de octubre de 2011 en AMC. El episodio recibió 7.3 millones de espectadores y obtuvo una clasificación de 4.8HH; rompiendo el récord para el drama más visto en la historia de la televisión por cable. Recibió la segunda audiencia más alta de la semana sellada el 16 de octubre, logrando mejores resultados que Jersey Shore pero menos que un juego entre los Detroit Lions y Chicago Bears. El episodio logró hazañas similares en las clasificaciones, donde se alcanzó a 3.8 de índice de audiencia - traducido a 4.8 millones de espectadores - en la demográfica de 18 a 49. Obtuvo 4.2 millones de espectadores en la demográfica de 25-54. Después de dos retransmisiones, la audiencia total del episodio fue de 11 millones de espectadores. La audiencia total de "What Lies Ahead" aumentó un 38% del estreno de la serie, "Days Gone Bye", que obtuvo 5.35 millones de espectadores.

El episodio tuvo una respuesta similar en mercados internacionales. Se estrenó en 122 países en treinta y cinco idiomas, y tuvo una audiencia total de 10 millones de espectadores. En España, el episodio fue transmitido por primera vez el 17 de octubre de 2011. Se estimaron 432,000 espectadores. En el Reino Unido, el episodio recibió 693,000 espectadores tras su transmisión, y obtuvo un índice de audiencia de 2.204. La audiencia total en México aumentó un 30% del estreno de temporada, traducido a 296,000. "What Lies Ahead" se convirtió en el programa de televisión más aclamado de la noche en Colombia, con 296,950 espectadores. En Italia, el episodio fue el programa más aclamado entre hombres de la demográfica de 18-49.

El rendimiento del episodio provocó reacciones en varios ejecutivos de las filiales de difusión de la serie. Hernán López, de Fox International Channels, afirmó que, "The Walking Dead se ha ido de un fenómeno a una pandemia. Los números que entraron en esa semana combinados con los resultados sorprendentes en los Estados Unidos, nos dijo que el virus ahora está fuera de control." Charlie Collier, el presidente de AMC; sintió que The Walking Dead fue una rareza en llegar con éxito a su audiencia principal, así como ampliar su base de fanes. Dijo, "Estamos tan orgullosos y agradecidos por el equipo maravilloso en ambos lados de la cámara que trabajan tanto y están tan comprometidos en hacer de este evento una programación única. El hecho que la serie ahora es el drama más visto en la historia del cable básico es impresionante, al igual que nuestros zombies."

Críticas

"What Lies Ahead" fue recibido con un aplauso general de los críticos de la televisión. Gina McIntyre de Los Angeles Times sintió que el episodio fue la mejor entrega de la serie, diciendo que era "emocionante" y "conmovedor". Sentimientos similares fueron repetidos por Josh Jackson de Paste, quién le dio al episodio un 8.8 de 10, lo que significa una "encomiable" calificación. Darren Franich de Entertainment Weekly reaccionó positivo en varias escenas del episodio: Franich observó que le encantó la atmósfera de la escena principal, llamándola "casual". Eric Goldman de IGN sintió que el episodio tuvo a la segunda temporada con un comienzo fuerte. Concluyendo su crítica, le dio al episodio un ocho de diez, lo que significa una calificación "muy buena."

Hank Stuever de The Washington Post señaló que el ritmo de "What Lies Ahead" fue más rápido que los otros episodios. Derek Boeckelmann de Daily News comentó el episodio, considerándolo "terriblemente bueno". Boeckelmann elogió las actuaciones de Laurie Holden y Norman Reedus, y describió al primero como uno de los personajes más fuertes de la serie. Del mismo modo, David Chute de indieWIRE elogió los efectos especiales en el episodio. David Hickley de Daily News le dio tres de cinco estrellas. En concordancia, Tim Goodman de The Hollywood Reporter expresó: "Son 90 minutos de habilidades que lleva a los espectadores dentro de la historia sin perder el ritmo, agregando una profundidad inmediata a los personajes." John Griffiths le dio tres estrellas y media para el episodio.

Algunos críticos se mostraron menos entusiastas sobre el episodio. Zack Handlen de The A.V. Club le dio al episodio un grado "B+", elogió las secuencias múltiples en el episodio, pero afirmó que el desarrollo del personaje se mantuvo más débil. Del mismo modo, Nick Venable de Cinema Blend escribió: "No diré que me aburrí, pero la mayor parte del episodio me dejó indiferente, y mucho menos tenso de lo que debería haber estado."

Referencias

Enlaces externos
"What Lies Ahead" en AMC

Episodios piloto de series de televisión de Estados Unidos
Episodios de The Walking Dead
Episodios piloto
Episodios de televisión de 2011
Televisión en 2011
Programas de televisión basados en libros
Episodios de la segunda temporada de The Walking Dead

What Lies Ahead


Waleri Jewgenjewitsch Jewtuchowitsch (; * 17. April 1954 in Wjasma) ist ein russischer Offizier.

Von 2007 bis 2009 war Jewtuchowitsch als Generalleutnant Oberbefehlshaber der russischen Luftlandetruppen.

Literatur
 Iwan Konobalow: Десантник Евтухович спрыгнул с поста. In: Kommersant, 81 (4136), 7. Mai 2009.

Generalleutnant (Russische Föderation)
Träger des Verdienstordens für das Vaterland
Russe
Geboren 1954
Mann

Waleri Jewgenjewitsch Jewtuchowitsch


Pole, Perch, Pearch, Rod oder Lug, war ein englisches Längenmaß und entsprach der Rute.
 1 Pole = 5,5 Yards = 16,5 Feet = 2229 ⅜ Pariser Linien = 5,029102 Meter
 4 Pole = 1 Chain = 22 Yards
 40 Pole = 1 Furlong = 220 Yards
 320 Pole = 1 Mile/Meile (engl.) = 1760 Yards
Entsprechend der Verwendung unterschied man noch zwischen  Cheshire-Pole, Forest-Pole und Woodland-Pole.
 1 Forest-Pole/Waldrute/Plantation-Rute = 7 Yards = 21 Feet = 2837 ⅓ Pariser Linien = 6,400684 Meter
 1 Woodland-Pole/Holzland-Rute = 6 Yards = 18 Feet = 2432 Pariser Linien = 5,486301 Meter
 1 Cheshire-Pole = 8 Yards

Literatur
 Johann Friedrich Krüger: Vollständiges Handbuch der Münzen, Maße und Gewichte aller Länder der Erde. Verlag Gottfried Basse, Quedlinburg/Leipzig 1830, S. 231.

Einzelnachweise

Altes Maß oder Gewicht (Vereinigtes Königreich)
Rute (Längeneinheit)

Pole (Einheit)


Die Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtung (slot die bzw. Breitschlitzdüse) ist eine Beschichtungstechnik, um dünne Flüssigkeitsschichten auf bahnförmige Substrate (Papier, Folie, Stoffe etc.) oder Stückgüter (Glas, Metallplatten etc.) aufzutragen. Für einige Substrate in der Beschichtungsindustrie, vor allem für solche mit Funktionsschichten (Photovoltaik, medizinische Produkte, Wafer, Lithium-Ionen-Batterien, Brennstoffzellen etc.), ist aber gerade die Genauigkeit der aufzutragenden Schichtdicken von essentieller Bedeutung. Unkontrollierbare Schichtdickenvariationen, bedingt durch Änderungen der Produktionsbedingungen oder durch Änderungen der Fluideigenschaften, sind hierbei für eine Vielzahl von Beschichtungen nicht vertretbar.

Fehlerfreie Beschichtungen von Substraten erfordern aber nicht nur verlässlich arbeitende und leicht bedienbare Prozesse und Auftragswerkzeuge, wie beispielsweise die Schlitzdüsen, sondern stellen darüber hinaus auch besondere Anforderungen an die eingesetzten Lösemittel, z. B. deren Blasenfreiheit. Zudem sind kontrollierte Rührprozesse erforderlich, um die speziellen Eigenschaften der angesetzten Beschichtungsfluide für fehlerfreie Schichten auf Substraten sicherzustellen. Hinzu kommt, dass die Fluidzuführung zu den eingesetzten Beschichtungswerkzeugen pulsationsfrei erfolgen muss, um fehlerfreie Filme auf Substraten zu erzeugen. Es ist somit das reproduzierbare, kontrollierte Zusammenwirken aller Produkte und peripheren Prozesse eines Beschichtungsvorgangs, die beherrscht werden müssen, um Filmschichten auf Substraten mit hoher Qualität zu erreichen.

Die selbstdosierenden Beschichtungsverfahren
Die selbstdosierenden Verfahren (Rollen-, Rakel- oder Tauchbeschichtung) sind dadurch charakterisiert, dass die erreichte Nassfilmschichtdicke durch den Beschichtungsvorgang bestimmt wird und nicht durch die Bestimmung des Massenstroms beim Betrieb des Beschichtungswerkzeuges festgelegt werden kann. Die Schichtdicke auf dem Substrat stellt sich relativ unkontrolliert ein und ist stark von den Fluideigenschaften, dem gewählten Beschichtungsverfahren und seinen frei wählbaren Parametern und der Beschichtungsgeschwindigkeit abhängig. Für einige Substrate in der Beschichtungsindustrie, vor allem für solche mit Funktionsschichten, ist aber gerade die Genauigkeit der aufzutragenden Schichtdicken von essentieller Bedeutung. Unkontrollierbare Schichtdickenvariationen, bedingt durch Änderungen der Produktionsbedingungen oder durch Änderungen der Fluideigenschaften, sind hierbei für eine Vielzahl von Beschichtungen nicht vertretbar.

Das vordosierende Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtungsverfahren

Im Gegensatz zu den selbstdosierenden Beschichtungsverfahren kann bei der vordosierenden Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtung die angestrebte Nassfilmschichtdicke durch den gemessenen Massenstrom und die bekannte Substratgeschwindigkeit (, ) bestimmt werden: . Die Besonderheit der vordosierten Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtung ist demnach, dass Filmdickenvariationen lediglich durch die leichte Kontrolle des Pumpen-Massenstroms und der Prozessgeschwindigkeit erreicht werden. Durch Vorgabe eines über die gesamte Düsenbreite konstanten Massenstroms  ist die Schichtdicke  bei vorgegebener Dichte , bei einer Bahngeschwindigkeit  und Bahnbreite  eindeutig bestimmt. Diese einfache Kontrollmöglichkeit ist unter allen bekannten Beschichtungsverfahren einzigartig und garantiert reproduzierbare und extrem homogene Beschichtungen höchster Qualität.

Die in unterschiedlich Modi (curtain coating mode, bead coating mode, web tensioned coating mode, extrusion coating mode) betriebene Schlitzdüse wird insbesondere dann in industriellen Beschichtungsprozessen eingesetzt, wenn sehr präzise, sehr reproduzierbar und sehr wirtschaftlich eine oder mehrere Flüssigkeitsschichten auf unterschiedlichste Substrate aufgetragen werden sollen. In Abhängigkeit von den unterschiedlichen Modi sowie der Fluidrheologie, der aufzutragenden Nassfilmschichtdicke und dem Abstand zwischen Düse und Substrat können Beschichtungsgeschwindigkeiten von 0,1 bis >> 2000 m/min realisiert werden. Bei der Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtung liegen typische Nassfilmschichtdicken im Bereich von 0,5 bis 500 µm. Die exakte Maschineneinstellung für die Herstellung dieser fehlerfreien Nassfilmschichtdicken kann entweder empirisch ermittelt oder aufgrund analytischer Berechnungen so genannter Beschichtungsfenster schnell und zielgerichtet vorgenommen werden.

Typische Anwendungsbereiche
 Papierindustrie, Kartonindustrie
 Folienherstellung (Folienlackierung, Klebebandherstellung, Silikonfolien, Folienextrusion)
 technische Textilien, Vliesstoffe (zum Imprägnieren, Appretieren, Beschichten etc.)
 Erneuerbare Energien (gedruckte Elektronik, Li-ION-Herstellung, OLED etc.)
 Medizinische Produkte (Pflaster, Latexverbände, Indikatoren)
 Bauindustrie (Beschichtung von Betonplatten, Bauholz etc.)
 etc.

Typische Beschichtungsmedien
 Wasserbasierte- und lösemittelhaltige Fluide
 Abrasive Pigmente (Korund, Titandioxid etc.)
 Hotmelt-Beschichtungen
 Folienextrusion

Typische Hersteller von Schlitzdüsen
Schlitzdüsen werden weltweit für industrielle Produktionen sowie im Bereich der Forschung und Entwicklung eingesetzt. Auf dem internationalen Markt existierten zahlreiche Anbieter von Beschichtungsdüsen, wobei diese sich im Wesentlichen aufgrund ihrer Bauform und die damit definierte, physikalische Funktionalität unterscheiden:

Nahezu alle Beschichtungsdüsen (z. B. mit "Kleiderbügel"- Verteilkammer etc.) stellen die Gleichverteilung des Beschichtungsfluids über die Substratbahnbreite durch die Kombination der Verteilkammergeometrie, der Beschichtungsfluid-Rheologie, der Beschichtungsmenge, der Beschichtungsgeschwindigkeit und der Schlitzdüsen-Innendruckverteilung her. Aus diesem Grund funktionieren diese druckabhängigen Schlitzdüsen nicht für unterschiedlichste Fluide und unterschiedliche Schichtdicken ohne Qualitätseinbußen in der Querverteilungsgenauigkeit erleiden zu müssen.

Einen anderen Weg beschreiten die so genannten viskositäts- und massenstrom-unabhängigen Beschichtungsdüsen, diese neuartigen Schlitzdüsen funktionieren nahezu druckfrei. Die massenstrom- und viskositätsunabhängige Gleichverteilung des Beschichtungsfluids wird hierbei durch einen in die Verteilkammer integrierten, patentierten Diffusor gewährleistet. Anwender können mit den massenstrom- und viskositätsunabhängigen Schlitzdüsen unterschiedlichste Beschichtungsflüssigkeiten und verschiedenste Durchflussraten immer mit der gleichen Querverteilungsgenauigkeit der resultierenden Nassfilmschichtdicke verarbeiten.

Quellenangaben
 Neuartige Beschichtungswerkzeuge für Massenstrom- und Viskositätsabhängige Querverteilungen aufgetragener Nassfilmdicken, Coating-Magazin (2009)
 Nano-Coatings with FMP slot dies, Coating Magazin (2010)
 Herstellung funktionaler, nanopartikulärer Beschichtungen im Sub-Mikrometer-Bereich über das Schlitzdüsenverfahren, cfi ceramic forum international (2013)
 Veredlung: Neuartiges, ressourcensparendes Applikationssystem, Kontextil-Magazin (2014)
 Neuartige Zwangsauftragssysteme für bahnförmige Textilien, Textilplus-Magazin (2014)
 All-in-One: Beschichtungsdüse für unbegrenzte Anwendungen, avr-Magazin (2014)

Beschichtungsverfahren

Schlitzdüsen-Beschichtung


Virgílio Augusto Domingues (Lisboa, 1932) es un escultor portugués.

Datos biográficos
Diplomado en Escultura en la Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes de Lisboa - Escola Superior de Belas-Artes- fue durante varios años, miembro de la junta de la Sociedad Nacional de Bellas Artes (Sociedade Nacional de Belas Artes). Fue becario en el año 1958 de la Fundación Calouste Gulbenkian. Fue galardonado en 1962 con el premio de escultura de Soares dos Reis. Estuvo representado en el Pabellón portugués de la Exposición Conmemorativa del IV Centenario de Río de Janeiro. En 1976 formó parte del grupo 5 + 1, con los pintores João Hogan, Júlio Pereira, Guilherme Parente, Teresa Magalhães y Sérgio Pombo.

Obras

Cuenta con obras públicas, entre otros, en el Palacio de Justicia de Lisboa, en la Facultad de Ingeniería de Coímbra, y en la Plaza de Portugal de Setúbal ().

Véase también
Anexo:Escultores de Portugal

Notas y referencias

Notas

Bibliografía
Rui Mário Gonçalves: Pintura e escultura em Portugal, 1940-1980, Volumen 3, Parte 1; Instituto de Cultura Portuguesa, Ministério da Cultura e da Ciência, Secretaria de Estado da Cultura, 1980 - 147 páginas

Enlaces externos

Nacidos en Lisboa
Escultores de Portugal del siglo XX
Escultores de Portugal del siglo XXI
Caricaturistas

Virgílio Domingues


Južni veliki tihooceanski otok smeća (otok, mrlja, nakupina, oblak), velika površina Tihog oceana čijom površinom pluta cjelovita nakupina smeća, ponajviše plastičnog otpada.

Povijest
Otkrio ju je 2017. godine Charles Moore u polugodišnjoj ekspediciji na Tihom oceanu, između obala Čilea i Uskršnjih otoka. Površina nerazgradive sitne plastike je milijun kilometara četvornih. Proteže se i u dubinu.

Nastaje zbog kružnih oceanskih struja nastalih utjecajem vjetrova, rotacije planeta Zemlje i kopnene mase. Zbog nagomilavanja smeća u tim područjima otoci koji se nađu na putu toj masu protiv svoje volje postaju spremnici svjetskog smeća. Oblikovao se unutar Južnopacifičkoga oceanskog vrtloga.

Oblik je permanentnog neplaniranog antropogenog štetnog djelovanja na prirodni okoliš. Obuhvaća stalno brzo rastuću površinu. Prostire se istočnim južnim Tihim oceanom. Većinu tog otpada čine potrošni, odbačeni ili izgubljeni dijelovi ribolovnog alata, mreža i konopa, korišteni u legalnom i često u ilegalnom ribolovu. Posljedica nakupina oog smeća na godišnjoj razini je smrt više od 100 tisuća kitova, dupina i tuljana, rastući broj mrtvih morskih ptica i ostalih životinja koje u trbuhu imaju puno malih komada plastike koje su instinktivno pojele misleći da je to hrana, ali upravo od toga umiru ili se zapetljaju i uguše. U organizme uđu i u sitni komadi mikroplastike prirodnim jedenjem ili disanjem, mimo volje konzumenata. Projektima uklanjanja otoka nastoji se ukloniti velike komade plastike, sprječavajući tako nastanak opasnije mikroplastike koju je teško ukloniti iz organizma. Južni se od sjevernog Velikog otoka smeća razlikuje sadržajem. Plastika do južne nakupine, koju nalaznik Moore naziva oblakom zbog mnoštva sitnih čestica, prolazi duži put zbog čega se više usitnjava. Zbog te usitnjenosti na sitne komadiće teško je uklonjiva pa je još opasnija.

Jedan je od pet odobalnih zona nagomilavanja plastike u svjetskim oceanima. Procjenjuje se da se godišnje u oceane iz rijeka izlijeva od 1,15 do 2,41 milijun tona plastike. Preko pola te plastike je gušće od vode, zbog čega ne tone. Jače plastike odolijevaju te otplove daleko na pučinu kamo ih odnose struje, sve dok se ne nakupe u prostirku izvan djelovanja struja. Ulaskom u divovski vrtlog prostirke, ne napuštaju ju više sve dok se ne raspadnu u mikroplastiku pod utjecajem sunca, erozije, valova i morskih organizama. Svi svjetski oceani imaju velike akumulacijske zone smeća. Na sjevernoj polutci su dvije koje se kreću u smjeru kazaljke na satu, na sjevernom Tihom oceanu (Istočni, Zapadni i u suptropskoj konvergencijskoj zoni) i sjevernom Atlantskom oceanu. Na južnoj polutci su tri i kreću se obrnuto od kazaljke na satu: u Indijskom oceanu, južnom Tihom i južnom Atlantskom oceanu. Na okretanje djeluju i termohalinska cirkulacija i Coriolisova sila.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
The Independent
e-sfera Biogeni i antropogeni procesi i oblici - Primjeri antropogenog djelovanja na izgled prostora
Focus on Globalisation Plastic Island

Tihi ocean
Ekološke katastrofe

Južni veliki tihooceanski otok smeća


Russisk Amerika (, ) var navnet på de russiske kolonier i Nordamerika fra 1733 til 1867. Besiddelserne spænder over dele af, hvad der nu er de amerikanske stater Californien, Alaska og to havne på Hawaii. Formelt inkorporering af besiddelserne af Rusland fandt sted ved et dekret af Zar Paul I, ukasen, fra 1799, der etablerede et monopol for det russisk-amerikanske selskab og også gav den russisk-ortodokse kirke visse rettigheder i de nye besiddelser. Mange af dens bosættelserne blev forladt i 1800-tallet. I 1867 solgte Rusland sine sidste resterende besiddelser til USA for 7,2 millioner dollars (1,76 milliarder dollars i 2015).

Eksterne henvisninger

Koloniseringen af Amerika
Amerika
USA's historie
Etableret i 1733
Ophørt i 1867
Amerika

Russisk Amerika


Richard Keilholz (* 29. Dezember 1873 in Haynrode/Untereichsfeld; † 6. Mai 1937 in Königstein/Sächsische Schweiz) war ein Webelehrer, Webschulleiter und autodidaktischer Heimat- und Naturforscher in Katscher (polnisch Kietrz) in Oberschlesien.

Leben
Richard Keilholz durchlief bei seinem Vater Johann Keilholz, der in Haynrode ab 1885 eine Musterlehrwerkstatt für Weber betrieb, eine Weberlehre. Danach absolvierte er eine vom preußischen Staat geförderte Ausbildung als Wanderlehrer für Weberei in Frankfurt am Main und in Berlin. Keilholz wurde daraufhin an verschiedenen Orten in Schlesien eingesetzt.

1897 war Keilholz in Katscher als Webelehrer tätig, dann wurde er dem Leggenmeister in Neurode als Hilfskraft beigegeben. Danach übernahm er zunächst die Leitung der Königliche Webereilehrwerkstätte in Mittelwalde,  1905 dann die Leitung der technisch modernisierten Königlichen Webereilehrwerkstätte in Katscher.

Neben seiner fachlichen Tätigkeit widmete er sich zahlreichen anderen lokalen Aufgaben, z. B. als Sekretär des Vereins zur Unterstützung und Arbeitsvermittlung für hilfsbedürftige Weber in Katscher und Umgegend, als Mitglied im Kirchenrat der kleinen örtlichen evangelischen Gemeinde oder als Kommunalpolitiker der Zentrumspartei. In Katscher half er 1932 mit, die Webergesellen-Bruderschaft durch eine Neugründung zu beleben. Auch die lokale Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Heimatkunde wurde von ihm geleitet.

Bereits in der Zeit vor dem Ersten Weltkrieg begann er zu technischen Problemen zu publizieren und naturwissenschaftliche Forschungen fanden bei bekannten, schlesischen Botanikern Beachtung. Nach 1920 entwickelten sich die naturwissenschaftlichen Interessen zu einer vielseitigen wissenschaftlichen Tätigkeit: Keilholz leitete geologische und botanische Exkursionen akademischer Naturforscher und führte archäologische Ausgrabungen durch. Seit 1926 war er Mitglied des Schlesischen Altertumsvereins.

Darüber hinaus sammelte Keilholz seltene Pflanzen und Tiere. Er erstellte die erste vollständige systematische Darstellung der pontischen Pflanzengemeinschaft auf dem Kalkberg bei Katscher und beschrieb über 40 der dort vorkommenden seltenen Pflanzen. Das auch heute noch bestehende Naturschutzgebiet Kalkberg bei Katscher geht maßgeblich auf seine Initiative zurück.

Mit der Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten und der damit verbundenen Ideologisierung und Gleichschaltung wissenschaftlicher Tätigkeit wurde seine Arbeit jäh unterbrochen. Er verließ Katscher 1935 überstürzt und zog nach Königstein/Sächsische Schweiz. Die damalige politische Situation sowie die Wirren der Kriegs- und Nachkriegszeit bewirkten, dass sein Schaffen fast in Vergessenheit geriet.
Besonders in Polen nimmt man seine Erkenntnisse als Heimatforscher heute wieder wahr. Seine Untersuchungen zur Biozönose am Kalkberg in Katscher bilden noch immer eine Grundlage für lokale Naturschutzarbeit.

Ehrungen
 1917 Verdienstkreuz für Kriegshilfe

Schriften
 R. Keilholz: Isländisches Moos und andere Pflanzen der schlesischen Berge. In: Nerthus - Illustrierte Wochenschrift für Freunde aller Zweige der biologischen Naturwissenschaften, 1903, 5(43), S. 692–693, Digitalisat
 R. Keilholz: Die Glatzer Rose. In: Nerthus. 1903, Band 5, Nr. 38, S. 615; Digitalisat
 R. Keilholz: Veilchensteine. In: Nerthus - Illustrierte Wochenschrift für Freunde aller Zweige der biologischen Naturwissenschaften, 1903, 5(43), S. 800–801;  Digitalisat
 R. Keilholz: Chenillegewebe für Tücher, Decken, Teppiche. Fortsetzungsbeitrag in 4 Ausgaben der Leipziger Monatsschrift für die Textilindustrie, Jg. 1912: S. 37–39, 62–63, 83–84, 119–120.
 R. Keilholz: Berberis vulgaris und Puccinia graminis. In: Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1913:26(51), S. 208; .
 R. Keilholz: Die Herstellung von Lazarettdrellen und Futterstoffen für Krankenjacken und  -hosen. In: Leipziger Monatsschrift für die Textilindustrie, 1914, S. 227–228.
 R. Keilholz: Eine Herbstwanderung durch den Leobschützer Stadtforst. In: Unsere Heimat (Beilage der Oberschlesischen Rundschau, Ratibor), 1925:9, S. 3–4.
 R. Keilholz: Massenzüge von Libellen. In: Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1925, 39, S. 38–39
 R. Keilholz: Entstehung und Verwendung von Kreppbindungen. In: Spinner und Weber, 1925, 43(75)
 R. Keilholz: Barchent, Köper und Zieche. In: Spinner und Weber, 1926, 44(83)
 R. Keilholz: Die pontische Pflanzengemeinschaft der Gipsberge bei Katscher. In: Der Oberschlesier, 1927, 9, S. 326–336; Digitalisat
 R. Keilholz: Die Flora der Gipsberge von Dirschel bis Katscher. In: Leschwitzer Tischkerier-Kalender. Heimatjahrbuch für Stadt und Land Leobschütz, II, 1927, S. 107–109, Ergänzung in III, 1928, S. 100–101
 R. Keilholz: Schachbrettartige Musterungen (Diamant-Bindungen). In: Spinner und Weber, 1927:45(36)
 R. Keilholz: Chrysomela sanguinolenta. In: Entomologische Blätter, 1929, 25, S. 108; Eintrag. In: Coleoptera Poloniae
 R. Keilholz: Die Entwicklung der Weberei in Katscher. In: Leschwitzer Tischkerierkalender, 1930, 5, S. 36–40.
 R. Keilholz: Eine Ölpresse in Rösnitz, Kreis Leobschütz. In: Der Oberschlesier, 1931, 13/2, S. 71–73; Digitalisat
 R. Keilholz: Deutsche Seidenraupenzucht. Zeitschrift der Landwirtschaftskammer Oberschlesien, 1931, 5,  S. 223.

Literatur
 M. Syniawa: Richard Keilholz, 1873 - 1937. (PDF; 3,0 MB) Przyroda Górnego Śląska, 2009:57, S. 13–15 (in poln.)
 H. Steinhoff: Lebensspuren des Weblehrers und Botanikers Richard Keilholz aus Katscher, Fortsetzungsartikel im Leobschützer Heimatblatt, 2010:42, Heft 2 u. 3
 H. Steinhoff: Das Webereiwesen in Katscher, Schlesische Geschichtsblätter, 2011:38(1)
 H. Steinhoff: Richard Keilholz. In: Ostdeutsche Gedenktage 2012: Persönlichkeiten und Historische Ereignisse. Kulturstiftung der deutschen Vertriebenen, Bonn, 2013. S. 105–110, ISBN 978-3-88557-232-9
 F. Pax: Bibliographie der schlesischen Botanik, Breslau, 1929, Nr. 1301–1303, Digitalisat
 K. Kubát, V. Skalický: Dodatky k "Bibliografii k flóre ČSR do roku 1952", Litoměřice, 1999, External Link

Weblinks

 M. Syniawa: Zarys historii badań przyrody Górnego Śląska do roku 1945 - Skizze der Geschichte der Naturforschung Oberschlesiens bis 1945. (polnisch)

Einzelnachweise

Wanderlehrer
Weber
Heimatforscher (Schlesien)
Geboren 1873
Gestorben 1937
Mann
Berufsschullehrer

Richard Keilholz


Sokolivka (în ) este localitatea de reședință a comunei Sokolivka din raionul Jîdaciv, regiunea Liov, Ucraina.

Note

Sokolivka, Jîdaciv, Liov
Sokolivka, Jîdaciv, Liov
Sokolivka, Jîdaciv, Liov

Sokolivka (Sokolivka), Jîdaciv


Ismailia ( , ) is a city in north-eastern Egypt. Situated on the west bank of the Suez Canal, it is the capital of the Ismailia Governorate. The city had an estimated population of about 430,000 in 2021 (about 750,000, if including surrounding rural areas). It is located approximately halfway between Port Said to the north and Suez to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include Lake Timsah, one of the Bitter Lakes linked by the Canal.

History

Ismailia was founded in 1863, during the construction of the Suez Canal, by Khedive Ismail, after whom the city is named. Following the Battle of Kafr-el-Dawwar in 1882 the British established a base there.

The head office of the Suez Canal Authority is located in Ismailia at the shore of Lake Timsah. It has a large number of buildings dating from British and French involvement with the Canal. Most of these buildings are currently used by Canal employees and officials.

During World War I the British had an air base there and the Battle of Romani took place nearby. Ismailia War Cemetery was designed in 1919 by Sir Robert Lorimer marking the casualties of the battle.

In 1973 the Battle of Ismailia took place in the city.

In October 2023, a massive fire broke out in the security directorate of the city, leaving the building fully burned with 38 injured and 1 dead.

Government and politics
The Muslim Brotherhood was founded in Ismailia by Hassan al-Banna in March 1928. An underground paramilitary wing was established in the 1940s, primarily to contest the British occupation of Egypt. In the early 1950s, Ismailia hosted the British Military HQ and the Civilian Administration Centre of the Canal Zone. An attack on an Egyptian government building and army barracks manned by auxiliary policemen by a British Army force on 25 January 1952 was a key event leading to the overthrow of King Farouk I later that year and the Egyptian Revolution that followed. British forces pulled out of Ismailia in 1954.

Eparchy
On 17 December 1982 an Eparchy (Eastern Catholic Diocese) of Ismayliah was established on territory split off from the Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria (Alexandrian Rite in Coptic language), which remains its Metropolitan. Its episcopal see is St. Mark's cathedral.

Suffragan Eparchs (Bishops of Ismayliah)
 Athanasios Abadir (17 December 1982 – 25 December 1992, his death), previously Titular Bishop of Appia and Patriarchal Vicar of Alexandria of the Copts (Egypt) (18 May 1976 – 17 December 1982)
 Youhannes Ezzat Zakaria Badir (23 November 1992 – 23 June 1994), later Eparch (Bishop) of Luqsor of the Copts (Egypt) (23 June 1994 – 27 December 2015, his death)
 Makarios Tewfik (23 June 1994 – 29 June 2019, resigned)
 Daniel Lotfy Khella (29 June 2019 –  23 September 2022) (Patriarchal administrator 23 September 2022  – 31 March 2023)
 Pola Ayoub Matta Usama Shafik Akhnoukh (31 March 2023 – Present)

Education
Ismailia has several public and private schools. Ismailia is the home of the Suez Canal University, established in 1976 with the help of the Chinese Government to serve the region of Suez Canal and Sinai. Suez Canal University now is one of the fastest growing educational institutions in Egypt with many students studying abroad.

Culture and recreation

Arts and festivals

Ismailia hosts two important festivals each year. The first is the International Film Festival for Documentaries and Shorts that is held in June. In June 2014, the 17th consecutive festival was organized. The second is the Ismailia International Folklore Arts Festival that is held in September. In this festival folkloric troupes from all around the globe meet in Ismailia, where they perform folkloric dances representing the culture of their countries.

Tourism

Ismailia does get tourists from within Egypt, but is not a major tourism destination for international tourists. The city is approximately a ninety-minute automobile drive from Cairo. From Ismailia it is approximately a four-hour drive to Sharm el-Sheikh in South Sinai. Driving to the Taba Border Crossing at Taba and the Rafah Border Crossing at Rafah are both approximately four-hour drives. A major attraction is the Ismailia Museum which was built in 1932. Visitors will find a variety of significant archaeological finds especially from sites in the Ismailia governorate such as Tell el-Maskhuta, from North Sinai, and from Upper Egypt.

Sports

Ismailia is home to the third most successful club in Egypt (in the field of Football, Ismaily SC. The club's performance is considered a major political issue, and can tend to dictate the city's mood. The team enjoys brief stints of competition for local and international competition, but its financial situation prevents these stints from extending beyond a few years. The team has won the Egyptian League three times (1967, 1991, 2002), the Egyptian Cup twice (1997, 2000), and the African Cup of Champions Clubs once in 1969 as the first Egyptian and Arab Club team to have won this league.

Climate
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh).

The hottest recorded temperature was  on 14 June 1944 while the coldest recorded temperature was  in January.

Notable people
Louis Chedid, French singer and songwriter, son of writer Andrée Chedid and father of Matthieu Chedid was born in Ismailia on 1 January 1948
Claude François, French pop singer and songwriter, born in Ismailia on 1 February 1939
Ali Gabr, footballer
Ragaa Al Geddawy (1934–2020), film actress, model and niece of Taheyya Kariokka
Ahmed Hegazy, footballer
Aura Herzog, First Lady of Israel, wife of former Israeli President Chaim Herzog and mother of current Israeli President Isaac Herzog born in Ismailia on 24 December 1924.
Taheyya Kariokka, Egyptian belly dancer and film actress, born in Ismailia on 22 February 1919
Osman Ahmed Osman, influential Egyptian engineer, contractor, entrepreneur, and politician, born in Ismailia on 6 April 1917

See also

 List of cities and towns in Egypt

References

External links

 Diocese of Ismailia GCatholic

 Short animation festival in Ismailia

Governorate capitals in Egypt
Populated places in Ismailia Governorate
Metropolitan areas of Egypt
Suez Canal
Populated places established in 1863
Cities in Egypt
1863 establishments in Egypt
Transcontinental cities

Ismailia


تقطيع الصور  هي مرحلة هامة من مراحل معالجة الصور الرقمية، وهي عملية تجزئة للصورة إلى مناطق مترابطة ومتجانسة وفقا لمعيار محدد كاللون. اتحاد هذه المناطق يجب أن ينتج عنه إعادة تكوين الصورة الأصلية.

التقطيع مرحلة مهمة تسمح باستخراج معلومات نوعية عن الصورة إذ توفر وصف عالي المستوى حيث إن كل منطقة مرتبطة بالمناطق المجاورة لها ضمن شبكة من العقد تمثل فيها كل عقدة منطقة في الصورة وتحمل هذه العقدة بطاقة تحوي معلومات نوعية عن المنطقة كحجمها ولونها و شكلها وتوجهها، أما الأقواس التي تربط العقد فيمكن أن توسم بمعلومات عن العلاقة بين المناطق المتجاورة كأن تكون مثلا منطقة ما محتواه في أخرى أو تكون تحتها أو فوقها إلى غير ذلك. مستوى التعقيد في تكوين الشبكة يختلف تبعا للتقنية المستخدمة في التقطيع.

طرق تقسيم الصور
تقسم خوارزميات تقطيع الصور إلى ثلاثة مجموعات:
 التقطيع المبني على أساس الأعمدة البيانية للألوان
 التقطيع المبني على أساس المناطق
 التقطيع المبني على أساس المحيطات

التقطيع المبني على أساس الأعمدة البيانية للألوان
يرتكز هذا النوع من الخوارزميات في عمله على الأعمدة البيانية للألوان حيث يقوم بتحديدها وتقسيمها إلى فئات لونية (clusters) تضم الألوان المتقاربة والخلايا (البيكسلات) الحاملة لها بعد ذلك تتم عملية إسقاط هذه الفئات على الصورة لتقطيعها فالتقطيع في هذه الحالة ضمني إذ تحتويه عملية تقسيم الأعمدة البيانية كما أن هذا النوع من الخوارزميات يفترض أن كل فئة لونية تمثل جسما مستقلا في الصورة ولكن عمليا وفي كثير من الحالات يجب فصل مناطق تنتمي إلى نفس الفئة اللونية لأنها تمثل أجساما مستقلة بألوان متقاربة.

التقطيع المبني على أساس المناطق
يتعامل هذا النوع من الخوارزميات مع الصورة مباشرة (الخلايا) ويتبع واحدة من ثلاث طرق لإنجاز عملية التقطيع:

نمو المناطق
و هي طريقة تصاعدية (Bottom-up) حيث وانطلاقا من مناطق صغيرة متآلفة (مكونة من خلية واحدة أو بعض الخلايا) نقوم قدر المستطاع بتجميع المناطق المتجاورة منها والمتحدة في اللون.

تجزئة المناطق
و هي طريقة تنازلية (top-down) ننطلق فيها من الصورة ككل والتي نقوم بتقطيعها إلى أجزاء صغيرة وهذه الأخيرة تجزأ بدورها إلى أجزاء أصغر ونستمر في هذا العمل بطريقة تتابعية مادامت هناك أجزاء غير متجانسة لونيا بالشكل الكافي.

طريقة التقطيع والدمج
تعتمد طريقة التقطيع والدمج  على خليط من الطريقتين السابقتين. ومن بين خوارزميات هذا النوع طريقة رمز البنية اللونية .

التقطيع المبني على أساس المحيطات
يهتم هذا النوع بتحديد محيطات مختلف الأجسام والأشكال الموجودة في الصورة حيث تطبق خوارزميات تدعى المرشحات المستكشفة للمحيطات والتي تقوم برصد نقاط التغيرات الحادة في مستويات الألوان لتحديد محيطات الأجسام غير أن الصعوبة في استعمال هذا النوع تكمن في ندرة الحصول على محيطات مغلقة وهو ما يتطلب استخدام خوارزميات أخرى تعمل على إغلاق المحيطات عن طريق إكمال رسم الأجزاء المبتورة منها. من أمثلة هذا النوع من الخوارزميات مرشح كاني.

برمجيات
من أمثلة البرمجيات التي تقوم بعملية تقطيع الصور:

برمجيات مفتوحة المصدر
 جمب
 ImageMagick - طقم برامج لعرض وتحويل وتحرير رسوميات الرستر
 3DSlicer - برمجية لتحليل الصور والنمذجة العلمية
 FIJI - برنامج مفتوح المصدر لمعالجة الصور، مبني على ImageJ
 GRASS GIS - برنامج حر متخصص في نظام المعلومات الجغرافي
 ITK - مكتبة برمجية متعدد المنصات
 ITK-SNAP - برنامج متخصص في تقطيع الصور الطبية ثلاثية الأبعاد
 OpenCV - مكتبة رؤية حاسوبية طورتها إنتل
 VXL - مكتبة برمجية بلغة سي++
 AForge.NET - مكتبة برمجية بلغة سي شارب

انظر أيضاً
 رؤية حاسوبية
 نظرية المخططات
 ترشيح (رسوميات حاسوب)
 معالجة الصور الرقمية

مراجع

تقطيع الصورة
معالجة الصور

تقطيع الصورة


Kunduz, kunduzgiller (Castoridae) familyasından Castor cinsini oluşturan ağaçları kemirerek beslenen, su kıyılarında yaşayan kemiricilerin ortak adıdır. Yaşayan iki türü vardır: Eski Dünya kunduzu (C. fiber) ile Yeni Dünya kunduzu (C. canadensis).

Kunduzlar toplum hayatı yaşarlar. Mühendislik özellikleriyle tanınırlar. Şişman, kamburumsu görünüşlü, yuvarlak başlı, kısa kulaklıdırlar. Kuyruk hariç ortalama 70 santimetre uzunluğunda ve 30 kilogram ağırlığındadırlar. Geniş ve yassı kuyrukları 40 santimetre uzunluğunda olup, pullu bir deriyle kaplıdır. Bu kuyrukları yüzerken dümen vazifesi görür. Kuyruklarını, bent ve yuva yaparken çamur ve toprağı sıkıştırmak ve düzlemek için duvarcı malası gibi kullanırlar.

Genelde gece faaliyet gösteren hayvanlardır. Gündüz olduğunda yuvalarının yakınına taşıdıkları ağaçların kabuklarını yerler.

Korunma
Eskiden Asya'nın kuzey memleketlerinde, Kanada'nın ve Avrupa'nın Tuna gibi büyük nehirlerin kıyılarında bol bulunurlardı. Britanya adalarındaki bireylerin nesli tükenmek üzeredir. Avrupalılar Kuzey Amerika'ya ayak bastıklarında kunduzlar, hemen hemen bütün orman nehirlerinde bulunurdu. Kolay avlandıklarından nesilleri azaldı. Bugün Don ve El-be nehirlerinin bazı yerlerinde, Polonya ve Rusya'nın hızlı akan sularında nesilleri korunmaya çalışılmaktadır.

Kaynakça

Kitap

Kunduzgiller
Kürk ticareti
Carl Linnaeus tarafından adlandırılmış taksonlar

Kunduz


Saint Joseph's University (SJU or St. Joe's) is a private Jesuit university in Philadelphia and Lower Merion, Pennsylvania. The university was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1851 as Saint Joseph's College. Saint Joseph's is the seventh oldest Jesuit university in the United States and the fourth largest university in Philadelphia. It is named after Saint Joseph.

Saint Joseph's University has nearly 9,000 undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral students in over 135 undergraduate programs, 77 graduate programs, and 9 adult learner programs. It has 14 centers and institutes, including the Kinney Center for Autism Education and Support and the Pedro Arrupe, S.J., Center for Business Ethics.

Saint Joseph's athletics teams, the Hawks, are an NCAA Division I program that competes in the Atlantic-10 Conference and Philadelphia's Big 5. The official colors of the university are crimson and gray. The school mascot is The Hawk which never stops flapping its wings while in costume.

Jesuit and Catholic identity
Approximately 38 Jesuits live on campus with 10 serving as faculty. The university's Jesuit community lives in the Loyola Center, directly across the street from Barbelin Hall. The Loyola Center joins Manresa Hall, the infirmary for Jesuits. The property features the Ziff Carriage House, which serves as a meeting place and guest house. Other Jesuit residences include St. Alphonsus House (at 5800 Overbrook Avenue) and Faber Hall (39 Berwick Road). One Jesuit lives in a residence hall; the lay university president maintains an apartment in the Merion Gardens Apartment building.

The university extensively uses its Jesuit identity in its branding. It began the Magis ("greater") campaign in 2013 to highlight commitment to living "For the greater glory of God" (Ad maiorem Dei gloriam), the motto of the Society of Jesus.

SJU also promotes the Jesuit principle of cura personalis or "care for the whole person." Undergraduates must complete a general education program that focuses heavily on traditional liberal arts disciplines. Every general education class is titled "154", which stands for the year AD 1540 when the Society of Jesus was accepted by the Pope.

On September 27, 2015, Pope Francis, a Jesuit, made a stop at the university during his two-day visit to Philadelphia.

History

Beginning of Collegiate Jesuit Education in Philadelphia
St. Joe's, founded by the Jesuits in 1851 as Saint Joseph's College, is the seventh oldest Jesuit university in the United States and is named after the legal father of Jesus, Saint Joseph.

Origin of North America's First College of Pharmacy
On June 1, 2022, Saint Joseph's University acquired University of the Sciences (aka USciences and fka Philadelphia College of Pharmacy), adding professional programs in health and science, including occupational therapy, physical therapy, pharmacy and physician assistant (as USciences had offered more than 30 degree and certification programs across a wide range of pharmaceutical and healthcare-related disciplines.). Hence, St. Joe's can now trace its history to February 1821, when 68 apothecaries aka pharmacists met in Philadelphia's Carpenters' Hall to establish improved scientific standards and to develop programs to train more competent apprentices and students. They formalized their new association through a constitution, which declared their intent to establish a school of pharmacy to enhance their vocation and to "guard the drug market from the introduction of spurious, adulterated, deteriorated or otherwise mischievous articles, which are too frequently forced into it". Classes began nearly immediately, making it the first institution of higher learning in the United States dedicated to the field of pharmacy.

In 1825, the college began publishing the first academic journal in the United States dedicated to pharmacy.  The apothecaries formalized their new association through a constitution, which declared their intent to establish a school of pharmacy to enhance their vocation and to "guard the drug market from the introduction of spurious, adulterated, deteriorated or otherwise mischievous articles, which are too frequently forced into it".

Since Philadelphia College of Pharmacy (last known as University of Sciences in Philadelphia or USciences) was chartered in 1822, SJU, the successor to Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and USciences, is now the first institution of higher learning in the United States dedicated to the field of pharmacy.

Campus locations of Philadelphia's first Jesuit college
St. Joe's college started on September 15, 1851, when 36 students began classes in a building adjacent to Old St. Joseph's Church Roman Catholic church on Willings Alley, between South 3rd and South 4th Streets and Walnut and Spruce Streets in Philadelphia.

St. Joe's moved in 1866 from Willings Alley to a full block on Girard Avenue between 17th and 18th Streets in Philadelphia (now the location of Saint Joseph's Preparatory School).

St. Joe's moved to its present City Avenue Hawk Hill campus in November 1927 after St. Joe's raised over million dollars enabling the (i) purchase of twenty-three acres and (ii) construction of its modern collegiate Gothic architectural main academic building.

Seal

The Seal of Saint Joseph's University signifies its history and values. Other Jesuit educational institutions share three of these symbols. The wolves over a kettle pot show the generosity of the Loyola family towards the poor. Tradition claims that the Loyolas provided so much food for their soldiers that even the wolves had enough to eat. IHS are the first three letters of the name of Jesus in Greek, and the historic monogram of the Society of Jesus. The stripes signify the 7 sons of the House of Loyola, who died defending their home. The lily is the distinguishing symbol of the university, honoring Saint Joseph, the school's patron saint. The seal is the graphical representation of Saint Joseph's and its Jesuit identity.

Presidents

On March 10, 2023, Saint Joseph's University's board of trustees elected Cheryl A. McConnell its 29th – and first female – president in the university's 172-year history, effective immediately. McConnell is a 35-year veteran of Jesuit higher education, having most recently served as Saint Joseph's interim president since last June, and as provost and chief academic officer for three years prior.

Academics
The university has four schools and colleges that offer 224 academic programs and 9 degree-completion and post-baccalaureate certificate program.

Of tenure-track faculty, 99% hold the highest possible degrees in their fields. The 2008 graduation rate was 90% and the freshman retention rate for the Class of 2017 is 89.8%. About 51% of undergraduates are enrolled in the College of Arts and Sciences while 49% are enrolled in the Haub School of Business. The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education classified Saint Joseph's among "Master's Colleges and Universities (larger programs)".

The university also has 14 centers and institutes, which include the Academy of Food Marketing, The Barnes Arboretum at Saint Joseph's University, Center for Addiction and Recovery Education, Center for Professional Development, Faith-Justice Institute, Institute for Environmental Stewardship, Institute for Jewish-Catholic Relations, Institute of Clinical Bioethics, Kinney Center for Autism Education and Support, Maguire Academy of Insurance and Risk Management, Pedro Arrupe, S.J., Center for Business Ethics, Philadelphia Regional Institute for STEM Educators and Substance Use Disorders Institute.

Honors program
The university has an undergraduate honors program, housed in Claver House.

Campus

Saint Joseph's University's campus, often referred to as Hawk Hill, is located on City Avenue, which splits the university between the western edge of Philadelphia and Lower Merion Township. Portions of the property are in the Lower Merion side.

The university's official mailing address is in Philadelphia. A bridge that spans City Avenue connects the two sides of the campus. Its  are concentrated from Cardinal Avenue to 52nd Street and Overbrook Avenue to City Avenue. The university also owns several buildings that are not on the main campus. With the acquisition of the Maguire Campus, one half of the  are located on the Lower Merion side of City Avenue. In all, there are 92 buildings on the university's campus.

St. Joe's is within  of La Salle University, Harcum College, Rosemont College, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Drexel University, Temple University, Swarthmore College, Bryn Mawr College, Haverford College, Philadelphia University, Eastern University, Cabrini College, and Villanova University. SEPTA regional rail train stations on each side of campus provide students with easy access to Center City.

Main campus
The main campus is located on the Philadelphia side of City Avenue between Cardinal and Overbrook Avenues and 52nd Street, and is the original location of the university when it moved to City Avenue in 1927. Saint Joseph's most recognizable building is Barbelin Hall, opened in 1927. The hall is known for its Gothic architecture, particularly the gargoyles that mark what is called the Barbelin Quadrangle (or Barbelin Courtyard) and the tall, four-spired bell tower that can be seen from miles away. The bell tower that sits atop Barbelin served as the university's logo for several years. Barbelin Hall was built by John McShain who would later go on to construct many buildings in Washington, D.C., such as The Pentagon and The Jefferson Memorial.

Main campus contains the majority of academic buildings, first-year residence halls, and campus houses. Barbelin (College of Arts & Sciences), Mandeville (Haub School of Business), Bellarmine, Post, and Science Center comprise the main academic halls. Campus houses are a prominent feature of main campus serving as departmental offices for fine arts (Boland Hall), communication studies (Bronstein Hall), and the president and provost (Regis Hall), as well as several housing options for first-year students and upperclassmen. Green spaces on campus include St. Mary's, Claver House, and Wolfington lawns located on the Main Campus, in addition to two quadrangles, College Hall Quad and Barbelin Quad.

The Post Academic Center is the university's main library, the result of a renovation of the original Francis A. Drexel Library and an expansion project called the Post Learning Commons, from 2011 to 2013. Drexel Library and Post Learning Commons are connected via a glass atrium and bridge through the heart of campus. Post Academic Center houses approximately 355,000 volumes, 1,450 print journals, 15,000 full-text electronic journals, 2,800 e-books, 866,000 microforms, and 4,975 audio-visual materials. Unique to the Post Academic Center is the Campbell Collection in Food Marketing.

Campion Student Center is the hub for student activities, student life administrative offices, and dining facilities. The building was renovated in 2008 and now includes the main dining hall; a food court featuring Grille Works, Subway, and Hawk Wrap; and the C-Store. The student center also features the Doyle Banquet Halls, Forum Theater, and President's Lounge used for larger gatherings and lectures on campus. Located just off Campion Student Center is Simpson Hall, which houses the Student Media Center and The Perch, a 24-hour student lounge.

In September 2012, the university purchased the adjacent Cardinal's Residence on 54th and Cardinal Avenue from the Archdiocese of Philadelphia. Beginning with the fall 2014 semester, the Cardinal's Residence was renamed 5800 City Ave. It serves as a welcome center for prospective families and has offices for all enrollment management operations.

James J. Maguire '58 Campus
On August 8, 2008, Saint Joseph's completed the acquisition of the adjacent Episcopal Academy after purchasing the property in 2005. The new 38-acre area (150,000 m2) was named the Maguire Campus for the lead donor, Saint Joseph's alumnus James Maguire. The Maguire Campus is located directly across from the Main Campus on the Lower Merion side of City Avenue. The Maguire Campus features three main academic buildings: Merion Hall, Connelly Hall, and Toland Hall. Merion Hall is the largest of the three, and includes the University Gallery.

The Cardinal John Foley Center, a multi-use space, hosts lectures, concerts, and social gatherings, in addition to large-scale admission events. The Kinney Center for Autism Education and Support, established in 2009, was made possible with donations totaling over $8 million, and is located in Connelly Hall. Duperreault, Quinn, and Windrim Halls are campus houses serving as administrative space for University Advancement.

Athletic facilities include the Michael A. O'Pake, Esq. '61 Recreation Center, Ellen Ryan Field (field hockey), John Smithson Field (baseball), Curran Lawn, and a softball field.

Along with all of the buildings and fields, the Maguire Campus adds over 300 parking spaces for faculty and students, and a number of acres will be turned into green space. There are over 600 different species of trees on the Maguire Campus.

Overbrook Campus
The Overbrook Campus is located about a mile from and Main Campus, near Overbrook Train Station. Here also Saint Joseph's University owns buildings on both sides of City Avenue. Currently the campus holds six dorms, reserved exclusively for sophomores, juniors, and seniors. These dorms are Ashwood Apartments, Wynnewood Hall, Merion Gardens Apartments, Pennbrook Apartments, Morris Quad Townhouses, and Moore Hall. The campus also holds the Alumni House.

Although it is located about a mile from the main campus, Saint Joseph's University runs shuttles every 30 minutes (and 15 minutes during peak hours) to accommodate students.

Housing

Approximately 80% of students at Saint Joseph's live on campus. Housing options include residence halls, apartments, townhouses, and campus houses.

First-year students can choose from traditional residence halls (McShain Hall and Villiger Hall), suite-style residence halls (Sourin Residence Center and LaFarge Residence Center), or campus houses (Tara and Quirk Halls). Villiger Hall, the university's newest residence, opened in August 2012. All first-year housing options are located on the main campus. Sophomores, juniors, and seniors can choose to live in several campus houses or apartments. Additionally, by Fall 2022, the university is set to open a new residence hall specifically for students on the Autism spectrum.

Current developments and plans
During a presentation to the faculty in April 2013, President Kevin Gillespie, S.J., announced that, partially thanks to the popular Magis campaign, the university was beginning to expand, as it has a freshman class of 1,300 students enrolled for the fall of 2013. By 2017, it hoped to enroll 6,000 undergraduate students.

The university is heading into the final leg of its strategic plan, Plan 2020: Gateway to the Future, focused on increased academic distinction, facility enhancements, and endowment growth. The university has raised over $12.1 million and created 40 new scholarships under President Gillespie's Magis Scholarship Initiative. In 2023, St. Joseph's announced the acquisition of the University of the Sciences.

Larger campus enhancement projects include a new dining hall and black box theatre on Maguire Campus, and an expansion of Mandeville Hall currently on hold due to funding concerns.

Additional projects include an acquisition of the Arboretum of the Barnes Foundation, which is adjacent to the university's campus in Lower Merion Township. The proposed acquisition is currently pending in the Montgomery County Orphans' Court, and would be a significant addition to the university. Should this be accepted, the university would offer a horticulture minor program, as well as provide a fine arts gallery, including murals by famed artist Henri Matisse. This expansion has been largely possible due to a historical $50m gift made in 2017 by alumnus James Maguire ('58).

In March 2022, the university's planned merger with the University of the Sciences was approved by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The merger took effect on June 1, 2022, and university president Mark Reed told Axios he was not ruling out future mergers and acquisitions.

Student life

Demographics
Saint Joseph's 8,860 students come from all over the United States, with most from the Northeast, including Pennsylvania. Of these students 4,670 are traditional undergraduates, while the university's graduate and professional student population is numbered at 3,580.

The student body is 51.5% female and 48.5% male. The retention rate for Saint Joseph's is high, with about 88.3% of students returning for their sophomore year. 74% of students graduate within four years, due in part to the student-faculty ratio, which is 14:1. 39.7% of classes have fewer than 20 students.

Admissions
The overall acceptance rate is 58.3%, with early action acceptance at 68.4%. The average freshman retention rate is 88.3%.

Of the Class of 2013, 94% were either employed, pursuing graduate studies, or involved in full-time volunteer programs within six months of graduation. The average starting salary was $48,400 for the Class of 2013, while the average graduate student from the Class of 2013 received $13,600 in scholarships.

Beginning with the Class of 2014 high school graduates, Saint Joseph's University is test optional. This means that it does not require applicants to submit SAT or ACT test scores, although applicants may choose to submit these scores. The university's program is a four-year test program that was scheduled to be reassessed in 2017.

In the summer of 2014, John Haller, associate provost for enrollment management at Saint Joseph's, discussed the progress of the SAT optional program. For the class of 2018, applications increased by 8 percent to 8,500. About 18 percent of those applicants chose not to submit test scores. Of the incoming fall 2014 freshman class of 1,350, one in five was admitted without having submitted test scores. Haller also noted that the average GPA for the class was identical to the previous year's class.

Organizations
Saint Joe's has 100 student organizations. It has 20 NCAA Division 1 Athletic programs, 30 clubs and intramural sports, and fitness programs. It competes in the Philadelphia City 6 Extramural Classics. The women's ice hockey team is a club sport at Saint Joe's, but is recognized by the Delaware Valley College Hockey Conference (DVCHC) as a Division III sport. Organizations include national fraternities and sororities; a radio station; two newspapers, The Hawk and the HawkEye; the Student Union Board; the Student Senate; and the Student Concert Committee. The Villiger Debating Society is the university's debating society.

Publications and media

Saint Joseph's University publishes the official alumni SJU Magazine three times a year. Standalone magazines are published once a year for the Haub School of Business (Haub School Review) and College of Arts and Sciences (Intellect). The Hawk, the university's student newspaper, is published weekly during the fall and spring semester. Students that take a class called news reporting is the writers in the hawk and also the members of the club are writers. The Hawk is fully run by students with help from the professors. This is a club and class that prepares you for journalism and editorial skills in the future. The Crimson and Gray Literary Magazine showcases the best of student fiction, poetry, and artwork in an annual publication; students and faculty may download the magazine for free (from the organization's website) or pick one up from select locations around campus. The Drexel Library has a newsletter called Library Lines. The Saint Joseph's University Press prints books and articles written by faculty and other authors.

Radio 1851
Radio 1851 is Saint Joseph's University's student-run radio station and plays a variety of genres, including indie rock, rap/hip-hop, country, and electric dance music. The station began in 1922 as WSJR, the first college radio station to broadcast on AM, and moved to FM in the 80s.

Greek life
Saint Joseph's University recognizes eight social Greek organizations and two co-educational, professional Greek organizations. Approximately 21% of undergraduates are affiliated with a social fraternity or sorority. No Greek housing is provided by the university.

Active social fraternities

Social sororities

No sorority has ever been closed or otherwise dormant.

Professional and honorary fraternities

Athletics

Saint Joseph's University is the home of the Hawks, its athletics program. The school colors are crimson and gray. SJU fields teams in 20 varsity sports in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The Hawks are part of the Atlantic 10 Conference. Since the Atlantic 10 does not support men's lacrosse, the Hawks play in the Northeast Conference for that sport only.

Along with the Atlantic 10, Saint Joseph's is a member of the Philadelphia Big 5, which intensifies local rivalries within Philadelphia city schools. Its effect on Saint Joseph's causes intense games with Temple University, Villanova University, the University of Pennsylvania, and inter-conference rival LaSalle University.

Saint Joseph's is also a member of the City 6. Similar to the Big 5, the City 6 comprises the entire Philadelphia Big 5 plus Drexel University, which did not participate in Division I athletics until 1973. In addition to official team rivalries, the local colleges also compete in various extramural sporting events to crown a City 6 Champion.

The Hawk mascot

One of the most famous mascots in college sports, the Saint Joseph's Hawk has been flapping its wings for over 50 years. Jim Brennan originated the idea for a hawk as mascot during the 1954–1955 season. Brennan, a former Marine and SJU cheerleader, at first wanted to secure an actual hawk, but later switched to the costume idea. The student government raised the $120 needed to buy the initial costume, which Brennan donned for three years. He made his debut as the Hawk on January 4, 1956, at a 69–56 win over La Salle University at the Palestra.

The Hawk is best known for staying in constant motion by flapping its wings throughout every basketball game, and for representing the Saint Joseph's motto, "The Hawk Will Never Die". It is also recognized by its "flying" in figure eights around the court during timeouts.

Men's basketball

While Saint Joseph's fields 20 NCAA sports, the university's most popular sport is men's basketball. Saint Joseph's has a rich basketball tradition. Most home games are played at Hagan Arena on the school's campus, while some games are played at the Palestra on the University of Pennsylvania campus.

Saint Joseph's major rival is Villanova University. The rivalry is known as the Holy War, although starting in 2013 both schools requested that the media refrain from using the term. The school also maintains intense rivalries with the other Philadelphia universities.

Fans of the Hawks often chant "The Hawk Will Never Die!". Since the school's undefeated regular season, this chant has gained familiarity with the team's opponents. In 2003, Sports Illustrated listed that cheer among "The 100 Things You Gotta Do Before You Graduate (Whatever the Cost)", calling it "the most defiant cheer in college sports."

Athletic facilities

John Smithson Field: Named after alum and former interim president John Smithson, the Hawks on-campus baseball field opened in 2012 on Maguire Campus. It features a synthetic surface with a dirt pitching mound and an AstroTurf 3D GameDay Grass surface. Bleacher seating capacity is 400 with much more space for standing room only.
SJU Softball Field: The softball team opened their on-campus field in 2012. It features a turf outfield and bleacher seating for 400 spectators.
Robert Gillin Jr., Boathouse: Saint Joseph's University celebrated its sesquicentennial anniversary in 2000–01. In conjunction with that celebration, the SJU Rowing Program, along with Saint Joseph's Prep, kicked off a capital campaign to finance the construction of a state-of-the-art boathouse on the Schuylkill River. The boathouse provides a permanent home for the Hawk rowing programs. In addition, it provides the university with a significant presence on Kelly Drive. Named in honor of Robert Gillin Jr., groundbreaking for the facility took place in the fall of 2001. The total cost for the project was approximately $3 million, plus an endowment fund to support ongoing operational costs.
Sweeney Field: Laid out in a natural bowl in the center of Saint Joseph's campus, Sweeney Field (formerly known as Finnesey Field) is the home field of Hawk soccer, lacrosse, and field hockey teams. Originally constructed for football and opened in 1929 with plans for an eventual 70,000-seat stadium, the field has undergone numerous changes over the years.
Tennis Complex at the Maguire Campus: The tennis team moved to the six refurbished courts on the Maguire Campus in 2009 with the first SJU Invitational.
Finnesey Courts: Adjacent to Sweeney Field stand the Finnesey Courts and home to the Hawk men's and women's tennis teams from the late 1940s until 2009. Prior to that SJU primarily played its home matches at the nearby Narberth courts. When courts were first built on campus, they were located where Bellarmine Hall now stands. Due to Bellarmine's construction in the summer of 1960, however, the Finnesey courts were torn down and rebuilt in their current location. These courts are still used by students.

Michael J. Hagan Arena: The on-campus home of the Hawks basketball teams was originally named Alumni Memorial Fieldhouse for the Saint Joseph's graduates who gave their lives in World War II. The building was officially dedicated on November 11, 1949, and two weeks later played host to its first basketball game, a 62–46 loss to Rhode Island on November 26. Following that initial setback, SJU would go on to win the next 23 games in the friendly confines of the Fieldhouse. Overall, the Hawks have compiled an impressive 305–76 record (80.0 winning percentage) on Hawk Hill. Among the highlights of the Hawks' home court advantage was a 34-game winning streak from the late 1950s to the early 1960s, an 11–0 record in 2000–01, and the unbeaten 11–0 mark as the Hawks made their perfect season run in 2003–04. All told, SJU has had only two losing records in the Fieldhouse over 57 seasons. The Fieldhouse held 3,200 fans but the arena has a capacity of 4,200. Martin Luther King Jr., spoke at the Fieldhouse in the 1960s.
Ellen Ryan Field: The Field Hockey team returned to campus after a multi-year hiatus with the addition of Ellen Ryan Field on the Maguire Campus in 2011. Ryan Field has a synthetic AstroTurf12 pitch and is situated adjacent to City Avenue.

The university also has a 240 by 120 four-court multi-purpose area for basketball, tennis, and volleyball, an indoor four-lane  jogging track, an 8-lane 25-meter indoor pool with a 300-seat observation area, four racquetball courts, locker rooms and saunas, a large fitness center, and nine outdoor tennis courts. The Maguire Campus includes another two gyms, a pool, and a weight room; this has been renamed to the O'Pake Athletic Center.

Alumni

 there are over 60,000 living alumni of Saint Joseph's who live in all 50 states and in 59 countries.

See also

 List of Jesuit sites

References

External links

Saint Joseph's Athletics website

Jesuit universities and colleges in the United States
Catholic universities and colleges in Pennsylvania
Universities and colleges in Philadelphia
Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia Main Line
Universities and colleges established in 1851
Universities and colleges in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
1851 establishments in Pennsylvania
West Philadelphia
Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities

Saint Joseph's University


Canneto sull'Oglio ist eine norditalienische Gemeinde (comune) mit  Einwohnern (Stand ) in der Provinz Mantua in der Lombardei.

Geografie
Die Gemeinde liegt etwa 32,5 Kilometer westlich von Mantua am Parco dell'Oglio Sud und grenzt an die Provinz Cremona. Die westliche und südliche Gemeindegrenze bildet der Oglio, die östliche Gemeindegrenze der Chiese.

Verkehr
Der Bahnhof Canneto sull'Oglio liegt an der Bahnstrecke Parma–Brescia.

Persönlichkeiten
 Enrico Tazzoli (1812–1852), Priester und Widerstandskämpfer

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Canneto sull’Oglio


جان فرانسوا بالمير  ممثل سويسري من مواليد 18 أبريل 1946 في فالجن، سويسرا. ولقد عمل على نطاق واسع في السينما الفرنسية والتليفزيون والمسرح منذ بدايات السبعينات.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

صفحته على imdb

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
ممثلو أفلام سويسريون
ممثلو تلفزيون سويسريون
ممثلو مسرح سويسريون
ممثلون سويسريون في القرن 20
ممثلون سويسريون في القرن 21
ممثلون وممثلات سويسريون
مواليد 1946

جان فرانسوا بالمير


Julien Dubuque (* 1. Januar 1762 in Champlain, Neufrankreich, heute Québec; † 24. März 1810 in der Gegend um die heutige Stadt Dubuque, heute Iowa) war ein Französischer Kanadier, der der erste bekannte weiße Siedler in der Gegend um die heute nach ihm benannte Stadt am oberen Mississippi war.

Dubuque bekam 1788 von den Mesquakie-Indianern die Erlaubnis, die Bleivorkommen in der Gegend abzubauen. 1796 wurde diese Genehmigung auch von der damaligen spanischen Verwaltung der Region bestätigt. Er verbrachte sein gesamtes restliches Leben in der Region an der Schnittstelle der heutigen US-Bundesstaaten Iowa, Illinois und Wisconsin. Er freundete sich mit dem Mesquakie-Häuptling Peosta an, nach dem die heutige Stadt Peosta benannt wurde. Es wird allgemein angenommen, dass Dubuque dessen Tochter namens Potosa ehelichte, Beweise dafür liegen jedoch nicht vor.

Nach seinem Tod errichteten die Mesquakie ein hölzernes Mausoleum an seiner Grabstätte, das im späten 19. Jahrhundert von einem steinernen Monument ersetzt wurde. Es steht im heutigen Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center, wo einst die Minen lagen.

Auf den Namen seiner Frau Potosa geht wahrscheinlich die Ortsbezeichnung Potosi in Wisconsin zurück, das in den 1830er Jahren als Bergbausiedlung gegründet wurde.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 The Iowa History Project

Person (Iowa)
Geboren 1762
Gestorben 1810
Mann

Julien Dubuque