Stewart Gilligan "Stewie" Griffin is a fictional character from the animated television series Family Guy. He is voiced by the series creator Seth MacFarlane and first appeared on television, along with the rest of the Griffin family, in the episode "Death Has a Shadow" on January 31, 1999. Stewie was created and designed by MacFarlane himself, who was asked to pitch a pilot to the Fox Broadcasting Company, based on The Life of Larry and Larry & Steve, two shorts made by MacFarlane featuring a middle-aged man named Larry and an intellectual dog, Steve.

Stewie is a highly precocious toddler who talks and acts as an adult. He began the series as a megalomaniacal sociopath, initially obsessed with violence, matricide, and world domination. He is the third child of Peter and Lois Griffin, the youngest brother of Meg, and the younger brother of Chris. Throughout the series, particularly following the two episode arc "Stewie Kills Lois" and "Lois Kills Stewie", the violent aspects of Stewie's personality were toned down, and he has evolved into an eccentric, friendly, and flamboyant scamp (something possibly foreshadowed in the direct-to-video film Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story). He has also come to have a very close friendship with the family's anthropomorphic dog, Brian, whom he originally used to antagonize in the earliest episodes. Stewie is considered to be the show's breakout character and has received numerous award nominations from writers such as Jodiss Pierre.

Role in Family Guy
Stewie Griffin is portrayed as a one-year-old prodigy who has a sophisticated voice and can speak very fluently in an upper-class English accent with quite advanced vocabulary.  He reaches his first birthday in the season 1 episode "Chitty Chitty Death Bang", and the family celebrates Stewie's birthday in a cutaway gag in the season 12 episode "Chap Stewie". As Stewie's first birthday was celebrated in the episode "Chitty Chitty Death Bang", it is safe to assume that it was Stewie's second first birthday in the episode "Chap Stewie". Very highly literate and able to cite pop culture references that long predate his birth, Stewie is also entranced by Raffi and Teletubbies.

Stewie succumbs to other childish tendencies; he believes Peter has truly disappeared in a game of Peekaboo, often has difficulties understanding the concept of shapes, talks to his teddy bear Rupert as if he were alive, is overcome with laughter when Lois blows on his stomach; and has no idea how to use a toilet. MacFarlane has stated that Stewie was created to represent the general helplessness of an infant through the eyes of an adult. Per cartoon physics, his ability to move objects of greater weight than himself is not surprising to other characters, nor is his apparent ability to retrieve firearms from hammerspace or his ability to talk. According to "Don't Be a Dickens at Christmas", he understands German (but cannot speak it), as his great-great-grandmother is of German descent and the Pewterschmidts (except Lois) speak it. In "The Big Bang Theory" it is revealed that he is descended from Italian polymath Leonardo da Vinci, on Lois's side of the family.

Stewie's mastery of physics and mechanical engineering is quite extraordinary and at a level of science fiction. He has constructed advanced fighter-jets, mind control devices, a weather control device, a teleportation device, robots, clones, a working Transporter device from Star Trek, time machines, a Multiverse Transporter, a shrinking pod, as well as an assortment of weapons including lasers, rocket launchers, and crossbows. Stewie employs these to cope with the perceived stresses of infant life (such as teething pain, and eating broccoli) and to murder his mother, Lois, with mixed success at best depending on the objective. As made clear in the pilot episode, Stewie's matricidal tendencies are a result of Lois constantly and unwittingly thwarting his schemes, and so he desires to kill her to carry out his plans without her interference.

In other, later episodes, Stewie engages in other violent and criminal acts, including robbery, aggravated assault, carjacking, loan sharking, forgery, and killing off many minor characters (with a tank, guns, and other assorted weaponry).

Stewie eventually realizes his dreams of matricide and world domination in the sixth season two-part episode "Stewie Kills Lois" and "Lois Kills Stewie". The events are reverted in a deus ex machina ending, where most of the story turns out to be a computer simulation. Because of the rather disastrous ending for himself in the simulation, being shot and killed by Peter, he decides to put aside his outlandish plans of matricide and world domination for the time being.

Stewie shows a complete disdain for most people especially Matthew McConaughey but does show affection and even rare instances of kindness to his family. Such moments include his support for Meg (whom he traditionally calls "Megan") as when he chided Brian's coke-induced hostility to her ("The Thin White Line"), retracted his joke, "I hate you too, bitch" when Meg said "I hate you all" to the family ("Untitled Griffin Family History"), and wiped her tears during a weepy moment. On a more frequent basis though, Stewie constantly disrespects Meg, as he does with most elders (and as most people do to Meg), often being rude to her and subjecting her to the malice of his misbehavior, once even tricking her outside to be attacked by bees on steroids.

He generally thinks of Peter as an inferior—regarding him simply as "the fat man" and, at one point, harboring doubts that Peter could be his father ("Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story")—but does bond with him over a shared love of practical jokes made at Lois' expense ("The Courtship of Stewie's Father"). While Stewie typically regards Chris as a stooge, he considers him his only friend aside from Brian and even helped Chris to dress when he felt too shy to date ("Extra Large Medium") and assists him in dealing with bullies ("Secondhand Spoke"). In a few episodes, such as "Stewie Loves Lois", it is shown that Stewie can love his mother. In that episode, after Lois recovers and repairs a lost Rupert and serves Stewie a meal he likes, he rethinks Lois and accepts her as a loving mother. When he becomes too dependent on her, she deliberately takes no notice of him; when he hurts himself, she tries to show notice of him again, and he returns to hating her. However, at the end of the season nine premiere, "And Then There Were Fewer", when Diane Simmons is about to murder Lois for uncovering her murderous revenge scheme, Stewie secretly saves Lois by killing Diane with a sniper rifle, though he states to himself that he only did it to not miss out on the opportunity to kill Lois in the future.

In the more recent seasons, Stewie has a larger amount of freedom from his parents, usually spending much of his time with Brian. This extends to the point of his ability to keep pigs from parallel universes ("Road to the Multiverse") or take part in the television series Jolly Farm ("Go Stewie Go"), as compared to the first season, in which his plans were constantly hindered by Lois. In "The Hand That Rocks the Wheelchair", Stewie inadvertently clones an evil twin of himself after trying to increase his evil nature. By the end of the episode, it is suggested that the original Stewie may have been unknowingly killed by Brian (as he cannot tell them apart) and Stewie turns to the camera with glowing yellow eyes (reminiscent of Michael Jackson's "Thriller"). But so far, the Stewie has recently seen in "Trading Places", the follow-up episode, he still seems to have his mostly harmless eccentricity, shown when he asks Brian if he wants to trade places with him for fun.

He also starts to interact with more people despite still having hatred towards many of them, as shown in cutaways in later episodes and is more flamboyant. Stewie is shown in more recent episodes to be a superfan of Taylor Swift and even sets her up with Chris as a prom date. Stewie has had a few rare interactions with his pedophile elderly neighbor Herbert. Stewie intensely dislikes him and is one of the few characters fully aware of Herbert's nature, even calling him a pervert to his face. All this does, however, is move Herbert into thinking Stewie is "feisty".

In the season 16 episode "Send in Stewie, Please", it is revealed that Stewie's English accent is fake and that he has an American Boston accent, although the follow-up joke that has him speak in numerous other voices (of Seth MacFarlane's other characters) suggests it was a mere gag.

Development

Stewie is voiced by Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane, who also provides the voices of Brian Griffin, Peter Griffin, and Glenn Quagmire as well as numerous minor characters. MacFarlane based Stewie's accent on the voice of English actor Rex Harrison, particularly on Harrison's performance in the 1964 musical drama film My Fair Lady, with further influence coming from The Simpsons character Mr. Burns. MacFarlane has stated that his inspiration for the Stewie name was a car owned by Stan Lee. MacFarlane has also linked Stewie with David Hyde Pierce on more than one occasion, saying he wants Pierce to play Stewie if a live action version of the show would ever be created.

Stewie's head has the shape of a rugby ball. In the episode "Stuck Together, Torn Apart", a cutaway shows Stewie's head to be normally shaped, until he hits it on the ceiling while bouncing on the bed, and it is elongated into the familiar shape. Flashbacks in "Chitty Chitty Death Bang", however, show his head was already shaped like a football when he was born.

Ambiguous sexuality
Stewie's sexuality is ambiguous. When the writers began to flesh out Stewie's character beyond being a generic supervillain in season two, MacFarlane and the writers began to explore Stewie's sexuality with a series of one-off gags, which hinted in "Chick Cancer" and "We Love You, Conrad" that Stewie might be homosexual. One example is in the episode, "Brian and Stewie", where Stewie's cellphone screensaver is of a muscular man. Another is where he has a picture of Chris Noth in his wallet and he expresses his wishes to have sexual relations with Brian's son, Dylan. In some episodes, such as "Turkey Guys" and "Send in Stewie, Please", Stewie appears to be on the verge of coming out of the closet when he is interrupted for comedic effect.

In other instances, such as when Stewie falls in love with a girl, Janet, in "Dammit Janet!", he is "a very unhappy repressed heterosexual" in Seth MacFarlane's words. In the commentary for Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story, the writers describe how they were going to make Stewie discover he was gay but decided to scrap this idea to retain Stewie's sexual ambiguity for writing purposes. MacFarlane planned for the series third season to end with Stewie coming out after a near-death experience. The show's abrupt cancellation caused MacFarlane to abort these plans, and the episode "Queer Is Stewie?" was produced, but never shown. Since that point, MacFarlane has opted to have Stewie portrayed as sexually ambiguous, as, in his eyes, the flexibility of Stewie's sexuality allows for much more freedom in terms of writing for the character.
MacFarlane later elaborated:

When asked why he made the decision "to take Stewie from homicidal maniac to gay little song boy?," MacFarlane answered: "It wasn't a conscious decision. Characters evolve in certain ways and we found that doing the take-over-the-world thing every week was getting played out and was starting to feel a little dated. It was weirdly feeling a little '90s and believe me, if we were still doing that, the show would be on its last legs. I only half-jokingly go by the guideline that, if it's something that might ruin the show, it's a story we should probably do."

MacFarlane told Playboy "We had an episode that went all the way to the script phase in which Stewie does come out. It had to do with the harassment he took from other kids at school. He ends up going back in time to prevent a passage in Leviticus from being written: 'Thou shalt not lie with mankind as with womankind. It is an abomination.' But we decided it's better to keep it vague, which makes more sense because he's a one-year-old. Ultimately, Stewie will be gay or a very unhappy repressed heterosexual. It also explains why he's so hellbent on killing his mother, Lois, and taking over the world: he has a lot of aggression, which comes from confusion and uncertainty about his orientation."

Reception
MacFarlane has been nominated for two awards for voicing Stewie Griffin. In 1999, he won a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Voice-Over Performance. In 2006, he received an Annie Award in the Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television, Production category, for his voice work in the episode "Brian the Bachelor". In addition, Wizard magazine rated Stewie the 95th-greatest villain of all time. Stewie was also named the best Family Guy character on a list of "Top 25 Family Guy Characters" compiled by IGN. In 2010, Entertainment Weekly placed him 45th on its list of the "Top 100 Characters of the Past Twenty Years." Gay.com ranked Stewie as the fifteenth-gayest cartoon character. Hal Boedeker, a critic for The Orlando Sentinel, called Stewie "a brilliant creation". Stewie (and Brian) usually form the center-plot for the show's highest-rated and most critically acclaimed episodes, these being the Road to ... episodes. In a list of Stewie and Brian's greatest adventures, five of the Road to ... episodes occupied the top five places.

Allegations of plagiarized design
Several commentators, including its author Chris Ware, have noticed similarities between the title character of the graphic novel Jimmy Corrigan, the Smartest Kid on Earth (first published in 1995) and Stewie. Ware has remarked that the similarities are "a little too coincidental to be simply, well, coincidental." He further stated, "I don't want a book of seven years' worth of my stuff to become available and then be accused of being a rip-off of Family Guy." 20th Century Fox insists that Stewie is an entirely original character. In a 2003 interview, MacFarlane said that he had never seen the comic strip before, described the similarities as "pretty shocking" and said that he could "see how [Ware] would reach that conclusion."

Merchandise and appearances in other media
Stewie has been included on Family Guy T-shirts, baseball caps, bumper stickers, cardboard standups, refrigerator magnets, posters, and several other items. Stewie appears in the Family Guy Video Game!, where Stewie discovers his brother Bertram attempting to outdo him in taking over the world. Desperate to stop him, Stewie shrinks and makes his way to Bertram's lair within Peter's testicles to discover his plan, destroy his henchman cloning lab, and rescue a kidnapped Rupert from a rocket. He finally confronts Bertram in the park, where Bertram turns himself into a giant. Stewie Griffin: The Untold Story is a DVD movie about Stewie's secret and what can be his future. Stewie is also a playable character (along with Brian) in the show's second video game, Family Guy: Back to the Multiverse, where the pair travel through the multiverse again, to defeat Bertram.

Stewie appeared in the Bones episode "The Critic in the Cabernet", as the result of a brain tumor-induced hallucination that FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth (David Boreanaz) was suffering from. MacFarlane wrote all of Stewie's dialogue for the episode. The character appeared in a Coca-Cola commercial during Super Bowl XLII, he and Brian appeared in a commercial for Wheat Thins, he presented a musical number at the 59th Primetime Emmy Awards with Brian, and he appeared at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards. He appeared on the December 21, 2009, episode of Late Show with David Letterman to present "Top Ten Things You Don't Want To Hear From Your Child." In the 2023 animated feature film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutant Mayhem, Stewie was mentioned as part of a joke from Donatello to Micheangelo on how the latter's head shape was if "Stewie had a baby with Hey Arnold!."

Understanding Stewie
There is much debate over which characters in Family Guy can understand Stewie. In an interview, MacFarlane said that everyone can basically understand him, but they ignore him or just think to themselves "oh how cute" when he talks. However, at the 2011 Comic-Con panel, he compared this to Wile E. Coyote in the old Merrie Melodies cartoons. MacFarlane went on to say that Brian always hears Stewie, and more recently so does Chris, but the writers usually strive for Peter, Lois, and Meg (apart from "Leggo My Meg-O") not to hear him. Once Stewie leaves the house, the question of who can hear him depends very much on the story. MacFarlane also states that these rules can be broken for the sake of comedy, so this could change from one episode to another.

There are several jokes within the series revolving around whether the Griffins, other than Brian, can understand Stewie. In "E. Peterbus Unum", a student watching the episode from the distant future asks his teacher, "So, can the family understand the baby, or... what's the deal with that?" In "Inside Family Guy", Peter apologizes to the family, to which Stewie comments: "Oh that's nice of you to say". Peter replies: "Thank you, Stewie, who I can understand". In "Stewie's First Word", after Stewie utters an expletive that everyone around him can clearly understand, he eventually concludes that people can only understand him when he wants them to, namely whenever he is feeling intense emotion.

References

Bibliography

External links
 Stewie Griffin at Fox.com

Animated human characters
Child characters in animated television series
Television characters introduced in 1999
Animated characters introduced in 1999
Family Guy characters
Fictional characters from Rhode Island
Fictional characters who break the fourth wall
Fictional murderers
Fictional fratricides
Fictional Irish American people
Fictional infants
Fictional inventors
Fictional mad scientists
Fictional scientists in television
Fictional bisexual men
LGBT characters in animated television series
Male characters in animated series
American male characters in television
Time travelers
Characters created by Seth MacFarlane
Crossover characters in television

Stewie Griffin


Silvio Piola (29 Eylül 1913 - 4 Ekim 1996) İtalyan golcü futbolcudur. İtalyanın en üst düzey ligi Serie A'nın tarihinin en çok gol atan futbolcusudur. Bu ligde 1929 ile 1954 yılları arasında çeşitli takımlarda oynamış ve toplam 274 gol atmıştır.

İtalya millî futbol takımında 34 kez forma giymiş ve 30 gol atmıştır. 1938 FIFA Dünya Kupası'nda İtalya kadrosunda yer almış ve şampiyonluk yaşamıştır.

Kariyeri
 1929-1934 Pro Vercelli 127 (51)
 1934-1943 SS Lazio 227 (143)
 1943-1944 Torino FC 23 (27)
 1945-1947 Juventus 57 (26)
 1947-1954 Novara Calcio 185 (86)

Not: Takımları yanındaki sayı toplam oynadığı maçı, parantez içindeki sayı ise attığı golü göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1913 doğumlular
İtalyan futbolcular
1996 yılında ölenler
FIFA Dünya Kupası kazanan futbolcular
İtalya millî futbol takımı futbolcuları
Forvet futbolcular
Serie A futbolcuları
Juventus FC futbolcuları

Silvio Piola


Acropteris este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Uraniidae.

Specii

 Acropteris basiguttaria
 Acropteris canescens
 Acropteris caseata
 Acropteris ceramata
 Acropteris ciniferaria
 Acropteris convexaria
 Acropteris costinigrata
 Acropteris defectaria
 Acropteris deprivata
 Acropteris duplicata
 Acropteris grammearia
 Acropteris illiturata
 Acropteris inchoata
 Acropteris inquinata
 Acropteris insticta
 Acropteris iphiata
 Acropteris leptaliata
 Acropteris luteopicta
 Acropteris moluccana
 Acropteris munda
 Acropteris nanula
 Acropteris nigrisquama
 Acropteris obliquaria
 Acropteris parvidentata
 Acropteris pontiata
 Acropteris rectinervata
 Acropteris reticulata
 Acropteris rhibetaria
 Acropteris simpliciata
 Acropteris sparsaria
 Acropteris striataria
 Acropteris tenella
 Acropteris teriadata
 Acropteris vacuata
 Acropteris vagata

Referințe

Legături externe

Acropteris

Acropteris


Limba gotică crimeeană este un dialect al limbii gotice vorbit de către goții crimeeni în unele locații izolate din Crimeea până la sfârșitul secolului al XVIII-lea.

Atestare
Existența unui dialect germanic în Crimeea este menționată în diverse surse, din secolul al IX-lea până în secolul al XVIII-lea. O singură sursă însă oferă detalii despre limbă în sine: o scrisoare din partea ambasadorului flamand Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, datată 1562 și publicată întâia oară în 1589, care include o listă de cam optzeci de cuvinte și un cântec presupus a fi pe această limbă.

Informațiile oferite de Busbecq au totuși câteva probleme. În primul rând, persoanele care l-au informat nu erau cu totul de încredere: unul era un vorbitor nativ de gotică crimeeană care și-a abandonat limba în favoarea greacăi, iar celălat era un grec care cunoștea gotica crimeeană ca limbă a doua. În al doilea rând, transcripția lui Busbecq a fost foarte probabil influențată de limba sa nativă, un dialect flamand al limbii olandeze. În al treilea rând, versiunile cunoscute publicate ale scrisorii sale au neîndoielnic mai multe greșeli tipografice.

Cu toate acestea, cea mai mare parte a vocabularului citat de Busbecq este fără îndoială de origine germanică, după cum chiar el a remarcat:

(Notă: -gg- din interiorul cuvântului în exemplele din gotica biblică reprezintă )

Busbecq enumeră și câteva cuvinte pe care nu le-a recunoscut, cărora li s-a găsit însă ulterior cognate germanice:

(Notă: † arhaic)

Busbecq menționează un articol hotărât, pe care îl atestă fie ca tho sau the. Variația aceasta indică ori o distincție între genurile gramaticale ori o alomorfie similară articolului hotărât englez the, care se poate pronunța fie , fie .

Identificare și clasificare
Deși clasificarea acestei limbi ca "gotică" se bazează mai mult pe motive etnologice decât pe motive lingvistice — adică, din moment ce vorbitorii limbii sunt goți, limba trebuie să fie gotică — pare să împartă câteva caracteristici fonologice cu limba din Biblia lui Wulfila. De exemplu, cuvântul ada (ou) expune "ascuțirea" tipic gotică a proto-germanicului  în  (la fel ca goticul iddja provenit din proto-germanicul *ijjē), provenind din cuvântul proto-germanic *ajja-.

Există și caracteristici conservate în gotica crimeeană și biblică care în limbile vest- și nord-germanice au suferit schimbări semnificative. De exemplu, ambele conservă  ca sibilantă, în timp ce în toate celelalte limbi germanice a devenit : un exemplu este cuvântul însemnând "el", pe gotica crimeeană ies, pe gotica biblică is, însă pe germană er. De asemenea, ambele conservă sunetul  în interiorul cuvântului în cuvintele însemnând "patru", provenit din proto-germanicul : fyder, respectiv fidwōr. Sunetul este pierdut în celelalte limbi germanice: fēower pe engleza veche, fiuwar pe saxona veche, fior pe vechea germană de sus și fjórir pe nordica veche.

Nu poate fi însă stabilit fără îndoială că gotica crimeeană reprezintă un stadiu lingvistic ulterior goticei lui Wulfila. Unele inovații din gotica biblică nu se găsesc în acest dialect. De exemplu:
 Gotica crimeeană păstrează sunetul , devenit  în gotica biblică. De exemplu: reghen și suuester corespund lui rign și swistar.
 Gotica crimeeană păstrează  înainte de , acesta devenind  în gotica biblică, de exemplu vvurt versus waurþi.

Totuși, există și inovații similare celor din limbi vest-germanice, cum ar fi transformarea lui  într-o ocluzivă, manifestată în cuvântul crimeean tria, spre deosebire de cel standard þriu. Unele izvoare istorice menționează similaritatea goticei crimeene cu germana de jos și inteligibilitatea limbii pentru vorbitorii de germană.

Mai există două alternative: că gotica crimeeană reprezintă un membru al limbilor germanice de est separat de gotica biblică, sau că provine din limba unei populații vest-germanice care a migrat în Crimeea în Evul Mediu timpuriu, influențată ulterior de limba gotică. Ambele ipoteze au fost prezentate în secolul XIX și susținute în ziua de azi de Stearns, respectiv Grønvik. Chiar dacă nu există un consens cu privire la situație, este un fapt acceptat că limba gotică crimeeană nu e un descendent al goticei biblice.

Cântecul transcris de către Busbecq nu are caracteristici germanice atât de pronunțate și este imposibil de interpretat fără vreun dubiu. Nu există nici siguranța că este pe gotica crimeeană.

Alte surse
Singurele adăugiri neaparținând lui Busbecq la acest corp foarte sumar de cuvinte sunt reprezentate de doi termeni potențial gotici din alte surse: Harfidel, un nume propriu găsit într-o incripție ebraică pe o piatră funerară din secolul V, și cuvântul razn, care ar putea fi sursa etimologică a termenului pentru "șipcă" în limba tătară crimeeană.

În 2015 au fost găsite de către istoricul rus Andrei Vinogradov cinci inscripții gotice pe cinci table de piatră excavate la Mangup, fosta capitală a goților crimeeni, în 1938. Acestea au fost descifrate de către el și Maksim Korobov. Inscripțiile au fost scrise într-a doua jumătate a secolului al IX-lea sau prima jumătate a secolului al X-lea.

Una dintre inscripții este o traducere în gotica biblică a Psalmului 77:13, care nu este inclus în manuscrisele cunoscute ale Bibliei gotice, care conține în principal traduceri din Noul Testament. Ortografia și sintaxa se potrivesc însă cu cele din Biblie. În inscripție este urmat de o frază care nu provine din Biblie, dar care imită gotica biblică:

ƕas g(u)þ mikils
swe g(u)þ unsar? þu
is g(u)þ waurkjands
sildaleika. ainn[s]
usstoþ
und aiwins
us dauþaum
jah in midjun[gard-]

"Care dumnezeu este mare ca Dumnezeul nostru? Tu ești Dumnezeul care face minuni. Unul s-a ridicat în vecie din morți și în lume..."

Inscripțiile mai pot fi interpretate și ca o traducere a unei formule bizantine.

f(rauj)a hilp skalkis þei[nis]
damja[na]us us w(e)inag[ardjam ?]
jah frawaur(h)tis

"Doamne, ajută-l pe robul tău Damian din (vie?) și pe păcătos"

Dispariție
În 1780, Stanisław Siestrzeńcewicz-Bohusz, un arhiepiscop din Moghilău, a vizitat coasta sudică a Crimeei și Sevastopolul. Conform relatării sale, a întâlnit niște tătari vorbitori ai unei limbi similare germanei de jos, probabil o formă de gotică crimeeană.

Referințe

Surse
 MacDonald Stearns, Crimean Gothic. Analysis and Etymology of the Corpus, Saratoga 1978. Include textul latin al scrisorii lui Busbecq și traducerea pe engleză.
 MacDonald Stearns, "Das Krimgotische". În: Heinrich Beck (ed.), Germanische Rest- und Trümmersprachen, Berlin/New York 1989, 175-194.
 Ottar Grønvik, Die dialektgeographische Stellung des Krimgotischen und die krimgotische cantilena, Oslo 1983.

Legături externe
Scrisoarea lui Busbecq, pe latină
Introducere în gotica crimeeană  - Introducerea în limba gotică crimeeană a Universității din Texas de la Austin (la sfârșitul paginii)
  Ediții și studii critice, bibliografie de Christian T. Petersen

Limbi germanice

Limba gotică crimeeană


Les ruées vers l'or dans la péninsule de Coromandel , autour des villes voisines de Thames et de Waihi en Nouvelle-Zélande ont connu un relatif succès au . Quelques traces d'or avaient été décelées en 1842, d'autres près de Coromandel en 1852; et d'autres plus importantes en  prés de la ville de Thames. Il en résulta une grande spéculation sur les terrains et de nombreux mineurs partirent pour le Queensland. Le déclin de la production d'or dura jusqu'en 1890.

La reprise fut amorcée avec la découverte de la mine de Waihi en 1878, qui ne fut sérieusement exploitée qu'en 1887. Les Anglais, ayant débloqué des capitaux, y installèrent une usine de traitement au cyanure près de la  rivière  Molyneaux , un cours d'eau  de la région d'Otago. La production d'or, en Nouvelle-Zélande dépassait le demi-million d'onces en 1902. La Golden Cross Mine qui avait fermé en 1920 fut rouverte de 1991 à 1998. La mine Martha  fermée en 1952  fut rouverte en 1987 et elle est toujours en activité.

Récompense pour l'or
Un groupe d'hommes d'affaires d'Auckland a offert une récompense de , portée à  pour la recherche d'or dans la région d' Auckland. Le Conseil provincial d'Auckland a ensuite offert  pour la découverte d'un gisement aurifère dans le district de Hauraki, au sud d'Auckland, bien que l'Otago Daily Times  considérait les gisements aurifères potentiels de Coromandel pour être  un « canular complet ».

Première ruée vers l'or
En , Charles Ring, qui avait exploité sur les champs aurifères de Californie, avec son frère Frederick trouvèrent des paillettes d'or sur les rives de Driving Creek. Le gouvernement a loué des terres aux Maoris locaux, mais l'or alluvial accessible s'est épuisé sur un mois de temps. Le champ a été rouvert en 1862.

Les champs aurifères de Thames
Le prospecteur Albert Hunt a découvert le filon de quartz-carbonate mésothermes aurifères à Thames en 1867.  Il avait déjà découvert le riche site de Greenstone près de Hokitika en 1864.. Le site de Thames plus rentable a été fouillé  le , à Grahamstown près et à Shortland dans la partie sud de du site de Thames. Le champ a rapporté  en 1867 et  en 1868 pour l'extraction des mines souterraines. De 1867 à 1924, la valeur totale était de , donnant un coup de pouce au nord de l'île du Nord. À son apogée, la Tamise avait une population de  (rivalisant avec Auckland).

Un recensement comptait environ  sites d'extraction recrutant , les emboutisseurs emploient , en moyenne cinq pour un moulin, et une dizaine de vapeurs sillonnent entre Shortland et Auckland à cinquante s de distance, et un quai
fut érigé. Les cinq principales compagnies dans les années 1870 étaient la Caledonian, Moanataiara, Alburnia, Kuranui (Revendication de Barry), Long Drive et Una Hill (Hape Creek). Les échecs de comptaient par dizaines.  Dans la plupart des mines de Thames et de Coromandel, les riches parcelles étaient parsemées de minerai à faible teneur. La Waiotahi Company était remarquable pour être gérée avec prudence par James Smith de 1873 à 1904, ne nécessitant donc pas de « reconstruction ».
En 1889, la mine de la Couronne à Karangahake a été la première au monde à utiliser le procédé au cyanure McArthur-Forrest développé en Écosse, qui a augmenté la récupération des minerais à faible teneur et des résidus rejetés. Le gouvernement a acheté les droits de brevet au processus de cyanure en 1897 et a loué les droits à de petites entreprises; le prix d'achat a été récupéré en dix ans.

La production d'or a chuté pendant la Première Guerre mondiale et, en 1916, le ministre des Mines a fièrement annoncé que les chercheurs d'or menaient l'appel aux armes. Après la guerre, la valeur annuelle de la production de Waihi était stable à  et certaines mines de la Tamise (par exemple la mine Sylvia) et de Coromandel ont rouvert. En 1926, une conférence a eu lieu à Dunedin pour revigorer l'industrie. En 1935, la production d'or a culminé pendant la dépression, avec les deux tiers par la Waihi Company, qui était la plus grande des quatre grandes sociétés. Cette année-là, pour des raisons fiscales, la Waihi Company fut scindée en trois, dont la Martha Company qui contrôlait la Martha Mine.

La ville de Thames et le Coromandel aujourd'hui
Certaines reliques préservées sont relativement accessibles, comme la mine de la Couronne à Karangahake et la batterie de Golden Hills à Broken Hills. D'autres reliques peuvent présenter des dangers comme des puits de mine désaffectés cachés par des sous-bois et les visiteurs doivent rester sur les pistes balisées et observer les panneaux d'avertissement.  La ville de Thames  compte de nombreux bâtiments historiques, notamment le bâtiment de la batterie de la couronne d'or et les stations de pompage Thames-Hauraki et Saxon Shaft. L'ancienne Thames School of Mines (1886-1954) est maintenant un musée.

Pour approfondir

Bibliographie
 Anonyme (1975) [1868]. Le guide du mineur de la Tamise : avec des cartes (2 éd.). Christchurch : presse à capsuler.
Boon, Kevin (1999). Les ruées vers l'or . Auckland : Éditions Waiatarua .
$ Eldred-Grigg, Stevan (2008). Diggers, Hatters & Whores : L'histoire de la ruée vers l'or en Nouvelle-Zélande . Auckland : Maison aléatoire .
 Ell, Gordon (1995). Ruée vers l'or : Contes et traditions des champs aurifères néo-zélandais . Auckland : La Presse de Bush.
 Ell, Gordon (1987). Pays de la ruée vers l'or de la Nouvelle-Zélande . Auckland : La Presse de Bush .
 Grayland, Eugène et Valérie (1969). Coromandel historique . Wellington : Livres de roseau.
 McAra, JB (1978). Extraction d'or à Waihi . Auckland, Christchurch : Éditions Richards, Pegasus Press.
 Morrell, WP (1967) [1940]. Les ruées vers l'or (2 éd.). Londres : Adam & Charles Black (Les histoires des pionniers).
Saumon, JHM (1963). Une histoire de l'extraction de l'or en Nouvelle-Zélande . Wellington : Imprimeur du gouvernement RE Owen.

Guides de la région
Gavalas, Marios (2003) [2001]. Promenades de jour du Coromandel (2 éd.). Auckland : Livres Reed .
Pouce, Randall (2007). Guide du visiteur de la péninsule de Coromandel . Auckland : Nouvelle Hollande .
 Phil Moore et Neville Ritchie (1996). Coromandel Gold: Un guide des champs aurifères historiques de la péninsule de Coromandel. Dunmore Press .

Articles connexes
 Ruée vers l'or en Nouvelle-Zélande

Liens externes

  Site officiel du tourisme de la péninsule de Coromandel

Références

Coromandel
Baie de l'Abondance
Golfe de Hauraki
District de Thames-Coromandel

XIXe siècle

Ruées vers l'or dans la péninsule de Coromandel


An Malaxis pittieri in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Schltr., ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Oakes Ames. An Malaxis pittieri in nahilalakip ha genus nga Malaxis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Panamá. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Malaxis

Malaxis pittieri


Nosso Sonho é uma
cinebiografia brasileira de 2023, que conta a história da dupla Claudinho e Buchecha. Dirigido por Eduardo Albergaria, que também assina o roteiro junto com Fernando Velasco, Mauricio Lissovsky e Daniel Dias. Lucas 'Koka' Penteado e Juan Paiva interpretam Claudinho e Buchecha, respectivamente. O filme foi lançado nos cinemas em 21 de setembro de 2023.

Sinopse
Claudinho e Buchecha, dupla de maior sucesso do funk melody nacional em todos os tempos e ícone máximo do gênero na música popular brasileira. A história de uma amizade que se transforma em força de superação e conquista. Um filme que mostra como o ritmo e a poesia da periferia conquistaram o Brasil. Uma história real repleta de fantasia. Um longa-metragem musical, emocionante e divertido, feito de drama e tragédias, mas também de muito humor, surpresas e redenção.

Elenco
 Juan Paiva como Buchecha
 Gustavo Coelho como Buchecha (criança)
 Lucas Penteado como Claudinho
 Vinícius Boca de 09 como Claudinho (criança)
 Tatiana Tiburcio como Dona Etelma
 Nando Cunha como Sr. Claudino de Souza
 Lellê como Rosana
 Clara Moneke como Vanessa
 Antônio Pitanga como Seu Américo
 Isabela Garcia como Dona Judite
 FP do Trem Bala como Cidinho
 Gabriel do Borel como  Doca
 Flávia Souza como Natalina
 Negão da BL como DJ
 WinniT
 Reinaldo Junior

Produção
A produção da cinebiografia foi anunciada em 2019, por meio de uma publicação de Buchecha. Em 2021 foi anunciado que o filme biográfico retratando a trajetória da dupla estava em produção pela Urca Filmes e com distribuição da Manequim Filmes, após sua rápida passagem pala 21ª edição do Big Brother Brasil o ator Lucas Penteado foi cotado para interpretar o falecido músico Claudinho e Lázaro Ramos seu Pai. "Nosso Sonho", será protagonizado pelos atores Lucas Penteado e Juan Paiva, como Claudinho e Buchecha respectivamente.

Em julho de 2022, foram divulgadas as primeiras imagens e o resto do elenco, na fase da infância, os papéis principais ficaram a cargo de Vinicius Boca de 09 e Gustavo Coelho, como Claudinho e Buchecha respectivamente, no elenco também se destacam: Tatiana Tiburcio e Nando Cunha, que interpretam Dona Etelma e Souza, os pais do Buchecha; Lellê e Clara Moneke são Rosana e Vanessa, as namoradas dos músicos. Participações especiais de Antonio Pitanga como Seu Américo, Isabela Garcia como Dona Judite, e FP do Trem Bala e Gabriel do Borel como a dupla Cidinho & Doca.Flávia Souza dará vida a personagem Natalina, tia do protagonista Buchecha.

A agência Atabaque, referência no mercado da música, foi especialmente contratada para criar a trilha original do filme "Nosso Sonho". De acordo com a empresa, a Atabaque está responsável por toda estratégia musical, criando uma trilha sonora potente, reunindo artistas antigos e atuais num álbum completo. O objetivo é criar uma label (marca), supervisionando desde a liberação autoral, a escolha do artista que interpreta cada música, dentro e fora do roteiro do filme. A ideia é fazer com que todo esse "show" saia das telas e vire uma turnê pelo Brasil, com a participação do Buchecha. Além da estratégia, a Atabaque alinhou todo o contexto por trás da música, como estúdio, clipe, estratégia de marketing para potencializar o movimento, e reuniu as grandes promessas do funk para fazerem participações especiais no longa, como, WinniT, Negão da BL, Bl4ck, FP do Trem Bala, Gabriel do Borel, entre outros.

As gravações do filme duraram seis semanas, se iniciando em maio de 2022 no Rio de Janeiro e terminando em julho de 2022.

A produção será dirigida por Eduardo Albergaria, que também assina o roteiro junto com Daniel Dias, Mauricio Lissovskk e Fernando Velasco e o próprio Buchecha, colaborou intensamente com o argumento do roteiro, e produzido por Leonardo Edde.

A cinebiografia Nosso Sonho é uma produção Urca Filmes, em coprodução com a Riofilme, Telecine e Warner Bros Distributing. O longa tem previsão de estreia para 2023, ainda sem data definida para chegar aos cinemas.

!Artigos novos
Filmes do Brasil de 2023
Filmes em língua portuguesa
Filmes ambientados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Filmes gravados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro
Filmes de drama musical do Brasil
Filmes de drama biográfico do Brasil
Filmes de drama musical da década de 2020
Filmes de drama biográfico da década de 2020
Cinebiografias de cantores
Filmes sobre afro-brasileiros
Filmes de comédia musical do Brasil
Filmes de romance musical do Brasil

Nosso Sonho


En chimie, la topologie est le champ des principes et méthodes propres à décrire et à prédire la structure moléculaire dans les contraintes de l'espace tridimensionnel (3D). Compte tenu des déterminants de la liaison chimique et des propriétés chimiques des atomes, la topologie fournit un modèle pour expliquer comment les fonctions d'ondes éthérées des atomes doivent s'emboîter. La topologie moléculaire est une partie de la chimie mathématique traitant de la description algébrique des composés chimiques permettant ainsi une caractérisation unique et facile de ceux-ci.

La topologie est insensible aux détails d'un champ scalaire et peut souvent être déterminée à l'aide de calculs simplifiés. Les champs scalaires tels que la densité électronique, le champ de Madelung, le champ covalent et le potentiel électrostatique peuvent être utilisés pour modéliser la topologie.

Chaque champ scalaire a sa propre topologie distincte et chacun fournit des informations différentes sur la nature de la liaison chimique et de la structure. L'analyse de ces topologies, combinée à une théorie électrostatique simple et à quelques observations empiriques, conduit à un modèle quantitatif de liaison chimique localisée. Dans le processus, l'analyse donne un aperçu de la nature de la liaison chimique.

La topologie appliquée explique comment les grosses molécules atteignent leurs formes finales et comment les molécules biologiques réalisent leur activité.

La topologie de circuit est une propriété topologique des polymères linéaires pliés. Il décrit la disposition des contacts intra-chaîne. Les contacts peuvent être établis par des interactions intra-chaîne, appelées contacts durs (h-contacts de hard-contact), ou via un enchevêtrement de chaîne ou des contacts souples (s-contacts de soft contacts). Cette notion a été appliquée à l'analyse structurale de biomolécules telles que les protéines, les ARN et le génome.

Indices topologiques
Il est possible d'établir des équations corrélant des relations quantitatives directes de structure-activité avec des propriétés expérimentales, généralement appelées indices topologiques (IT). Les indices topologiques sont utilisés dans le développement de relations quantitatives structure-activité (QSAR) dans lesquelles l'activité biologique ou d'autres propriétés des molécules sont corrélées avec leur structure chimique.

Références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 .
 .

Articles connexes
 Topologie du circuit
 Chimie théorique
 Géométrie moléculaire
 Graphique moléculaire

Chémoinformatique
Topologie
Chimie supramoléculaire
Géométrie moléculaire

Topologie (chimie)


Eduardo Millares Sall (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 21 de junio de 1924-8 de octubre de 1992) fue un artista multidisciplinar español que destacó en el campo del humorismo gráfico, dentro y fuera del contexto isleño, contribuyendo a difundir en la España del franquismo y de los inicios de la democracia otras formas de expresión artísticas, impregnadas del irónico sentido del humor isleño.

Biografía
Nació en 1924 en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Hijo de Dolores Sall Bravo de Laguna y del escritor e ilustrador Juan Millares Carló, profesor de Segunda Enseñanza del Instituto Pérez Galdós. Eduardo fue el quinto hijo del matrimonio tras Agustín (nacido en 1917), Juan Luis (1919), José María (1921) y Sixto (1922). Después le siguieron su hermano Manolo (1926), sus hermanas María del Carmen -Jane- (1928), Dolores -Yeya- (1934) y Luis - Totoyo- (1935).

Firmó sus primeros dibujos con su propio nombre, o tan sólo con la primera inicial del mismo "E.", e incluso como "E. Millares", para más adelante firmar con el apellido materno, "Sall", y años más tarde, hacerlo con "Cho" o "Cho-Juaá".

En 1944, presentó su primera exposición de caricaturas en el Club P.A.L.A. de Las Palmas,  a la que le siguieron muchas más, y no sólo de caricaturas (ver apartado Exposiciones), a lo largo de su vida, tanto dentro como fuera de las Islas Canarias.

En 1953, comenzó su relación con el periódico Diario de Las Palmas con su viñeta diaria "Humor Isleño". Colaboración que se mantuvo durante 34 años, hasta 1986, siendo esta la más importante de todas, entre las que también cabe destacar la breve etapa de "Golpitos Deportivos" en el mismo Diario de Las Palmas (con viñetas de humor bajo el pseudónimo de "Orsai"), las del semanario Sansofé (donde firmaría como "Ajoto", a efectos de gobernación, suponemos), Faicán, Canarias 80, o Roque Nublo (con "Humor y Deporte").

Junto con Manolo Padrón Noble, Rafael Bethencourt (Rafaely) y los tinerfeños Paco Martínez y Harry Beuster constituyeron a mediados de la década de 1950 la Agrupación Vanguardista Canaria de Caricaturistas Personales que llevó el humor gráfico isleño fuera de Canarias, a los Salones del Humor que se celebraban en el Círculo de Bellas Artes de Madrid.

Durante los años 60 y 70, colaboró con varias revistas como la grancanaria en lengua sueca Canaria Revy  o The Canary Islands Sun en lengua inglesa. Igualmente ilustró y escribió algunos libros entre los que merecen especial mención Los cuentos famosos de Pepe Monagas de Pancho Guerra, dentro de los primeros y los dos Humor isleño (1961 y 1969), de los escritos por él, con prólogos de Pepe Alemán y Pedro Lezcano. 1965 fue un año importante para él, cuando falleció su padre, entró en producción una de sus barajas, la primera "Baraja Canaria" en Heraclio Fournier – Vitoria- y además recibió el premio Bayfo de Oro 1965, de manos de la Agrupación de Caricaturistas de Gran Canaria.

En 1968, Millares puso en marcha (después de una primera etapa en 1942-1943)  el único semanario de humor permitido durante la dictadura en Canarias, llamado "El Conduto", y que duró hasta mayo de 1980.

Su obra forma parte también de exposiciones internacionales organizadas por la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales de Luis Lasa, (en la que ingresó en 1957) viajando a Manila, en Filipinas, Tokio y San Francisco, en los Estados Unidos a lo largo de 1962.
Ya en 1969, se inició su relación con el grupo "Los gofiones". En 1979, participó en el Primer Encuentro de Humoristas Gráficos celebrado en Granada, con diversos dibujantes como Mingote, Forges, Pep Roig, Máximo, MartinMorales, Mena, OPS, Julio Cebrián, Pablo, o Cesc.

A lo largo de los años 80, siguió trabajando en nuevos proyectos y exposiciones. En 1987 Destilerías Arehucas produjo su segunda Baraja Canaria.

Ya en 1989 los problemas de salud comenzaron a hacerse cada vez más presentes. La muerte de su esposa, Otilia Ley Arocena, en septiembre de 1990, lo precipitó todo, falleciendo Eduardo apenas dos años después.

El 16 de marzo de 2013, en su ciudad natal, fue nombrado, a título póstumo, "hijo predilecto de Gran Canaria". Así mismo, el 22 de junio de 2013, le fue otorgado el título honorífico de "hijo predilecto de la ciudad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria".

Exposiciones
1944
Exposiciones individuales
 Su primera exposición de caricaturas bajo el título Caricaturas Personales, Club P.A.L.A., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición Provincial de Bellas Artes, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 I Exposición de Humoristas Canarios, Club P.A.L.A., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1946

Exposiciones individuales
 Caricaturas Personales, Club P.A.L.A., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Isas y Folías ilustradas. Exposición Humorística, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición Regional de Bellas Artes, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1947

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Dibujo: Ángel Johán, Eduardo Millares, Manuel Millares, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Exposición de óleo, escultura y acuarela, Club P.A.L.A., Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1948

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición humorística (quince caricaturas y seis dibujos), Museo Canario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición del Libro del Siglo XVII ilustrada por los artistas Eduardo Millares Sall, Manuel Millares Sall y Vinicio Marcos Trujillo, Museo Canario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1954

Exposiciones colectivas
 I Exposición Provincial de Arte, Ayuntamiento de Arrecife, Lanzarote.

1957

Exposiciones colectivas
 Salón XXXVIII de Humoristas, Círculo de Bellas Artes, Madrid.
 II Exposición de Caricaturas, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Exposición de la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Museo Canario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Exposición de Caricaturas, Arrecife, Lanzarote.
 Homenaje a Manolete, Andalucía Club, Madrid.
 Homenaje a J. R. Jiménez, Andalucía Club, Madrid.

1958

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición de Caricaturas y Dibujos, Ayuntamiento de Arrecife, Lanzarote.
Exposiciones colectivas
 III Exposición de Caricaturas Personales, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Exposición de la Agrupación Vanguardista de Caricatura Española, Instituto de Estudios Hispánicos, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife.

1959

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

1960

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

1961

Exposiciones colectivas
 I Exposición Internacional Homenaje a Picasso, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

1962

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición de Cho-Juaá. Personajes de la tierra canaria, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 I Exposición Internacional de Caricaturas Personales en Homenaje a Pablo Picasso, Madrid.
 Exposición de Caricaturas Personales, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Exposición de Caricaturas de la Agrupación Hispana de caricaturistas Personales, Universidad de Santo Tomás de Aquino, Manila, Filipinas. La muestra fue comisariada por Luis Lasa, ex-agregado cultural de la Embajada de Filipinas en España y Presidente de la Agrupación, y viajó luego a Tokio, en Japón y a San Francisco, en Estados Unidos.

1963

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Caricaturas de la Agrupación Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Galería Wiott, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Exposición Internacional Homenaje a Picasso, Sala Jaimes, Barcelona.
 Exposición de Caricaturas de la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

1964

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Museo Canario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 XLV Salón de Humoristas, Círculo de Bellas Artes, Madrid.
 Homenaje a Bonnín, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Exposición de Caricaturas de la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Málaga.

1965

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición. Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales. Agrupación de Caricaturistas de Gran Canaria, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1966

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de la Agrupación Vanguardista Hispana de Caricaturistas Personales, Instituto de Cultura Hispánica, Madrid.
 I Salón Humorista de Canarias, Museo Canario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1968

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho-Juaá. Mataperro del humor, Sala de Arte El Cenobio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Exposición de Cho-Juaá, Círculo de Amistad XII de enero, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 Exposición de Cho-Juaá, Hotel Los Fariones, Arrecife, Lanzarote.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Caricaturas Bayfo de Oro 1968, Sala de arte El Cenobio, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1971

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Caricaturistas Canarios, Casa de Colón, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1972

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición de fotografías y dibujos, Real Club Náutico de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Cho-Juaá, Hotel Oasis, Maspalomas.

1974

Exposiciones individuales
 Chojuaaniadas, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Pintura, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1975

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho.Chojuaá.Chojuaaniadas, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición de Humor, Colegio Mayor San Agustín, La Laguna, Tenerife.

1976

Exposiciones individuales
 Chojuaá. Exposición Antológica, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Exposición de Cho-Juaá, Supermercado Cruz Mayor, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Can-Art. Exposición de gouaches, Hogar Canario-Venezolano, Caracas, Venezuela.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Salón Internacional del Humorismo, Bordighera, Italia.
 XIII Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.

1977

Exposiciones colectivas
 XIV Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.

1978

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho-Juaá, Sala de Arte y Cultura, Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad de La Laguna, Tenerife.
 Cho-Juaá, Sala de Arte y Cultura 2, Caja de Ahorros y Monte de Piedad del Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife.
 Cho-Juaá, Sala Cairasco, Caja Insular de Ahorros de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 XV Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.

1979

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición de dibujos, "Club de Leones", Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 Cho-Juaá, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de
Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Primeros Encuentros de Humoristas Gráficos, Sala de Exposiciones del Palacio de la Madraza, Granada.
 XVI Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.

1980

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho-Juaá y otros personajes, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Grupo Hispano, Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1981

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho-Juaá, El Campesino, Arrecife, Lanzarote.
 Cho-Juaá, Casa Cho-Juaá, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición Antológica de Caricaturas Personales de Vanguardia. Homenaje Póstumo a Poli Niebla y Clavijo, Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes, Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
 XVIII Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.

1982

Exposiciones individuales
 Cho-Juaá, Real Club Náutico, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
Exposiciones colectivas
 Muestra de la Casa Cho-Juaá, Hogar Canario, Barcelona.
 María Acoval y Eduardo Millares Sall "Cho-Juaá ", Gabinete Literario, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1983

Exposiciones colectivas
 XX Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.
 V Semana Canaria, Centro de Enseñanzas Integradas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1984

Exposiciones colectivas
 XXI Salón Internacional de la Caricatura, Montreal, Canadá.
 Semana de Solidaridad con Uruguay. Subasta de Arte contra la Dictadura Uruguaya, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
 VI Semana Canaria, Centro de Enseñanzas Integradas, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1988

Exposiciones colectivas
 Exposición Benéfica, Real Club Náutico, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

1996

Exposiciones individuales
 Exposición Antológica e inauguración de la Sala de Exposiciones Eduardo Millares Sall, Círculo Mercantil, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

2011-2012

Exposiciones Individuales
 Exposición Eduardo Millares Sall. Más allá de Cho-Juaá, Centro de Iniciativas de la Caja de Canarias (CICCA), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

2013

Exposiciones Colectivas
 Exposición Domingo Rivero y el arte de la caricatura, Museo Poeta Domingo Rivero, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
 Exposición Construcciones de Eva, Galería de Arte de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

Bibliografía

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Tebeosfera
 La Ciberniz - Página Web de la Academia de Humor
 Álbum en Flickr de El Coleccionista de Instantes sobre la Exposición "Eduardo Millares Sall. Más allá de Cho-Juaá"

 Galería fotográfica sobre la última exposición, a finales de 2011 y principios de 2012
 Artículo de la web de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, sobre una visita a la última exposición de Eduardo Millares
 Otro artículo más, esta vez en la web bienmesabe.org
 Reportaje digital en la revista y página web de Pellagofio
 Reportaje en el Blog de la pintora Mercedes Mariño Casillas
 Otro reportaje sobre Eduardo Millares Sall

Nacidos en Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Caricaturistas de España del siglo XX
Dibujantes de Canarias
Historietistas de España
Humoristas de la Transición española
Pintores de Canarias
Pintores de España del siglo XX
Hijos predilectos de la isla de Gran Canaria

Eduardo Millares Sall


L'Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine (en ukrainien : Союз визволення України , СВУ ; Soyuz vyzvolennia Ukrayiny, SVU) était une organisation politique créée le  à Lemberg dans la principauté de Galicie-Volhynie. L'organisation a été créée par des émigrants ukrainiens du Dniepr ukrainien détenu par la Russie tsariste et qui étaient socialistes par leurs opinions politiques représentant des partis politiques tels que le Parti révolutionnaire ukrainien, le  Parti ouvrier social-démocrate ukrainien, le socialiste "Spilka" ("Communauté").

Historique
La plupart des membres de la SVU étaient d'idéologie socialiste, qui ont fui en Galice à la suite des répressions de Piotr Stolypine. Ses premiers dirigeants étaient Dmytro Dontsov et Mykola Zalizniak.
Les activités de la SVU étaient dirigées par un conseil composé d'Oleksandr Skoropis-Yoltouchovski, Volodimir Dorochenko, Markian Melenevski, Stepan Smal-Stotsky et Andriy Jouk, qui ont aidé des militants de Galice et de Bucovine appartenant à différentes organisations politiques.

Le centre d'activité de l'Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine était à Lviv pendant une courte période, puis à Vienne en août 1914 au début de la Première Guerre mondiale.

En 1915, Arthur Seelieb, puis Stepan Smal-Stotsky et Andriy Jouk, réfugiés en Suisse, publient le journal "La Revue ukrainienne" à Lausanne. Il éditent la revue en langue française, la langue diplomatique internationale, afin que leur combat soit connu dans toute l'Europe. La Revue ukrainienne paraîtra jusqu'en 1917.

Le mouvement de l'Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine parie sur la défaite russe face aux États centraux. Son objectif était la création d'un État ukrainien indépendant, soutenu par l'Allemagne et l'Empire austro-hongrois, sur la base des territoires conquis à la Russie. L'Ukraine ferait partie de la monarchie austro-hongroise, avec la transformation de ces territoires en un pays différent sous la même couronne. L'objectif était de fusionner en une fédération. Ces objectifs ont été rejetés par Mykhaïlo Hrouchevsky et Symon Petlioura, convaincus de la défaite des États centraux.

L'Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine était très active dans le domaine politique ainsi que dans le domaine éducatif et culturel parmi les camps de prisonniers ukrainiens en Autriche et en Allemagne.

En 1917, grâce à ces activités, deux divisions purent être formées avec ces prisonniers : Sinozhupannki (Division Bleue) et Serozhupannki (Division Grise), noms donnés par la couleur de leurs uniformes, qui ont ensuite fusionnés avec l'armée ukrainenne.

L'Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine a officiellement cessé d'exister le 1er juillet 1918. Toutes les archives et documents ont ensuite été transférés par Andriy Jouk au Musée de la lutte de libération de l'Ukraine à Prague en Tchécoslovaquie, une partie des archives est classée dans le Fond Andriy Zhouk aux archives du Canada.

Bibliographie
Союз визволення України w: Dovidnyk z istorii Ukrainy, opr. Ihor Pidkova, Roman Shust, Kost Bondarenko; Lviv 1999, Université de Lviv. Ivan Franko et la maison d'édition Genesis, .

Sources

Histoire culturelle de l'Ukraine
Nationalisme en Ukraine
Politique en Ukraine
Ukraine au XXe siècle
Mouvement indépendantiste ukrainien

Union pour la libération de l'Ukraine


Winter Is Coming (2021) foi o segundo especial anual de televisão de wrestling profissional Winter Is Coming produzido pela All Elite Wrestling (AEW). O evento aconteceu no dia 15 de dezembro de 2021, no Curtis Culwell Center em Garland, Texas. Foi transmitido ao vivo pela TNT como um episódio especial do programa de televisão semanal da AEW, Wednesday Night Dynamite.

Quatro lutas foram disputadas no evento. No evento principal, MJF derrotou Dante Martin para vencer o AEW Dynamite Diamond Ring pela terceira vez. O evento foi muito elogiado por fãs e críticos, com elogios especiais para a luta de abertura entre o Campeão Mundial da AEW "Hangman" Adam Page e Bryan Danielson; sua luta terminou em um empate de limite de tempo de 60 minutos. O jornalista de wrestling Dave Meltzer deu à luta uma classificação de 5 estrelas.

Produção

Conceito
Em dezembro de 2020, a All Elite Wrestling (AEW) realizou um especial de televisão intitulado Winter Is Coming, que foi ao ar como um episódio especial do programa carro-chefe da AEW, Wednesday Night Dynamite. O título do episódio "Winter Is Coming" é derivado do Game of Thrones, uma série de televisão da HBO, que faz parte da subsidiária WarnerMedia da AT&T, que também inclui a parceira de transmissão da AEW, TNT. A frase era o título do episódio piloto de Game of Thrones, bem como o lema (ou "Palavras") da House Stark de Winterfell. O uso do título foi aprovado pelos funcionários da WarnerMedia, já que a WarnerMedia usou o Dynamite para promover a HBO Max e outras propriedades da WarnerMedia. Em 19 de novembro de 2021, no episódio do Friday Night Rampage, foi anunciado que um segundo Winter Is Coming aconteceria no Curtis Culwell Center em Garland, Texas, como o episódio de 15 de dezembro de 2021 do Dynamite na TNT, estabelecendo assim o Winter Is Coming como um especial anual de televisão para a AEW. O episódio de 17 de dezembro do Rampage também foi gravado na mesma noite após a transmissão ao vivo do Winter Is Coming.

Rivalidades
O Winter Is Coming apresentou lutas de wrestling profissional que envolveram diferentes lutadores de rivalidades e histórias pré-existentes. Os lutadores retrataram heróis, vilões ou personagens menos distinguíveis em eventos roteirizados que criaram tensão e culminaram em uma luta ou uma série de lutas. As histórias foram produzidas nos programas de televisão semanais da AEW, Dynamite e Rampage, nos programas de streaming online suplementares, Dark e Elevation, e na série do YouTube dos Young Bucks, Being The Elite.

No Full Gear, "Hangman" Adam Page venceu o AEW World Championship, enquanto também no evento, Bryan Danielson venceu o AEW World Championship Eliminator Tournament para ganhar uma luta futura pelo título. A luta pelo título foi marcada para o Winter Is Coming. Nas semanas que antecederam o evento, Danielson derrotou vários amigos de Page da Dark Order.

No episódio de 8 de dezembro do Dynamite, ocorreu o terceiro Dynamite Dozen Battle Royale anual no qual os co-vencedores se enfrentariam pelo AEW Dynamite Diamond Ring no Winter Is Coming. Os co-vencedores da luta foram MJF e Dante Martin.

Resultados

Referências

Ligações externas

 Site oficial da All Elite Wrestling

Eventos da AEW
2021 na luta profissional

Winter Is Coming (2021)


චෙන් හාඕ (උපත 1979 දෙසැම්බර් 9)චීන ජාතික නිළියක, ගායිකාවක සහ නිරූපිකාවක වේ.

ආශ්‍රිත

1979 උපත්

චෙන් හාඕ


يوسف الموينع (1980) لاعب كرة قدم من سعودي، وهو شقيق لاعب نادي الهلال السعودي السابق منصور الموينع.

مسيرته الرياضية

نادي الشباب
بدأ مشوراه الكروي مع نادي الشباب السعودي، وكان يلعب في مركز محور الارتكاز.

نادي النصر
انتقل مطلع موسم 2008-2009 إلى نادي النصر السعودي، قدم يوسف مستويات مميزة مع النادي، وبالرغم من انه يقدم مستويات جيده وثابته والدليل أنه أنهى مشكلة محور الارتكاز في نادي النصر السعودي إلا أنه من اللاعبين المظلومين إعلامياً.

نادي الأهلي
انتقل إلى نادي الاهلي السعودي في أوائل عام 2010.

نادي هجر
وفي 18 أكتوبر 2011م تم اعلان تعاقد اللاعب مع نادي هجر في الاحساء بقيمة 600 ألف ريال سعودي في موسم واحد فقط. والان يملك مكتب تعاقدات ولديه عدد من نجوم الخليج من ابرزهم اللاعب حسن معاذ.

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
لاعبو النادي الأهلي (السعودية)
لاعبو دوري المحترفين السعودي
لاعبو كرة قدم سعوديون
لاعبو منتخب السعودية لكرة القدم
لاعبو نادي الشباب (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي النصر (السعودية)
لاعبو نادي هجر
مواليد 1402 هـ
مواليد 1982

يوسف الموينع


Alexander Andrew Mackay Irvine, baron Irvine af Lairg, PC, QC, (født 23. juni 1940), kendt som Derry Irvine, er en britisk (skotsk) politiker fra Labour. Han er advokat, dommer og medlem af Overhuset. Han har været lordkansler.

Medlem af Overhuset
Derry Irvine blev medlem af Overhuset i 1987. Han var Labours skyggelordkansler fra 1992 til 1997.

Lordkansler
Derry Irvine var lordkansler fra 1997 til 2003. Som lordkansler var han leder af det britiske retsvæsen (især med beføjelser i England og Wales). Desuden var han regeringsudpeget formand for Overhuset (Lord Speaker).

Lord High Chancellors

Derry Irvine, baron Irvine af Lairg


This is a list of mathematical topics in relativity, by Wikipedia page.

Special relativity

Foundational issues
principle of relativity
speed of light
faster-than-light
biquaternion
conjugate diameters
four-vector
four-acceleration
four-force
four-gradient
four-momentum
four-velocity
hyperbolic orthogonality
hyperboloid model
light-like
Lorentz covariance
Lorentz group
Lorentz transformation
Lorentz–FitzGerald contraction hypothesis
Minkowski diagram
Minkowski space
Poincaré group
proper length
proper time
rapidity
relativistic wave equations
relativistic mass
split-complex number
unit hyperbola
world line

General relativity

black holes
no-hair theorem
Hawking radiation
Hawking temperature
Black hole entropy
charged black hole
rotating black hole
micro black hole
Schwarzschild black hole
Schwarzschild metric
Schwarzschild radius
Reissner–Nordström black hole
Immirzi parameter
closed timelike curve
cosmic censorship hypothesis
chronology protection conjecture
Einstein–Cartan theory
Einstein's field equation
geodesic
gravitational redshift
Penrose–Hawking singularity theorems
Pseudo-Riemannian manifold
stress–energy tensor
worm hole

Cosmology

anti-de Sitter space
Ashtekar variables
Batalin–Vilkovisky formalism
Big Bang
Cauchy horizon
cosmic inflation
cosmic microwave background
cosmic variance
cosmological constant
dark energy
dark matter
de Sitter space
Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric
horizon problem
large-scale structure of the cosmos
Randall–Sundrum model
warped geometry
Weyl curvature hypothesis

Relativity
Mathematics

List of mathematical topics in relativity


2. Helsingin laulufestivaali (en finlandés; en castellano: «2º. Festival de Helsinki») es un álbum en directo de varios intérpretes lanzado en 1977 y conformado por canciones interpretadas durante el segundo festival de este tipo realizado en la capital de Finlandia. Entre los intérpretes hispanohablantes figuran los cubanos Omara Portuondo y Martín Rojas, así como los chilenos Patricio Castillo, Arturo Cipriano, y los hermanos Isabel y Ángel Parra.

Existen dos versiones del disco con los mismos temas pero en un orden diferente.

Lista de canciones

Referencias

Álbumes de 1977
Álbumes en vivo de Ángel Parra
Álbumes en vivo de Isabel Parra
Álbumes en vivo de varios artistas

2. Helsingin laulufestivaali


Nawab Mirza Khan (1831–1905), conocido como Daagh Dehlvi fue un poeta mogol famoso por sus gazales en lengua urdu. Pertenenció a la escuela de poesía de Delhi. Nawab escribió obras poéticas bajo su pseudónimo (takhallus) Daagh (pena, sentimiento) y Dehlvi (de Delhi).

Daagh había comenzado a recitar poesía a la edad de diez años. Su fuerte era el gazal. Su poesía no se revuelca en desesperación. El uso de palabras y frases comunes, y por lo tanto, la simplicidad, fue algo distintivo de su estilo. Su obra comprende 4 volúmenes que consisten en 16,000 pareados.

Habiendo permanecido bajo el patronazgo de un gran poeta establecido como Zauq, Daagh tuvo numerosos discípulos como Allama Iqbal, Jigar Moradabadi, Seemab Akbarabadi y Ahsen Marehravi, aunque una anécdota relata que cuando se le pidió designar su sucesor como poeta urdu líder de su tiempo, contestó Bekhudain [los dos Bekhuds], refiriéndose a Bekhud Badayuni y Bekhud Dehlvi.

Sus gazales han sido cantados por vocalistas como Ghulam Ali, Malika Pukhraj, Mehdi Hassan y Abida Parveen.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Poetas de India del siglo XIX

Daagh Dehlvi


Cabras (sardisk: Cràbas) er en by og en kommune (comune) i provinsen Oristano i regionen Sardinien i Italien. Byen ligger i 6 meters højde og har 9.174 indbyggere (2016). Kommunen har et areal på 102,26 km² og grænser til kommunerne Nurachi, Oristano og Riola Sardo.

Referencer

Henvisninger

Kommuner i provinsen Oristano

Cabras