Franklin Benjamin Richards is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as a supporting character in Fantastic Four. He has been portrayed as a child and as a budding superhero, albeit inexperienced.

Franklin is an immensely powerful being with vast reality-manipulating and psionic powers beyond Omega level mutants, despite not being a mutant himself (though he was believed to be a mutant throughout most of his appearances). He is the young son of Mister Fantastic and the Invisible Woman of the Fantastic Four, the older brother of Valeria Richards, and the nephew of Invisible Woman's younger brother, the Human Torch. His parents named him Franklin Benjamin Richards; his middle name is taken from his godfather Ben Grimm, the Thing. Franklin's first name comes from Franklin Storm, his maternal grandfather. He has started using the code name Powerhouse. During the Dawn of X storyline, Franklin became human again and went back to live a normal, everyday life.

Publication history
Franklin first appears in Fantastic Four Annual #6 (November 1968), and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, although he didn't receive his name until two years later in Fantastic Four #94 (January 1970). Lee recounted:

Appearing sporadically in the pages of Fantastic Four over the following fifteen years, Franklin became a member of the pre-teen superhero team Power Pack as of issue #17 (December 1985) of that title until its cancellation with issue #62 (February 1991). From November 1994 an older version of the same character (aged for the purposes of a story) appeared in the pages of Marvel's Fantastic Force until publication ceased as of April 1996. Between appearances in these other titles, Franklin has remained a recurring cast member of the Fantastic Four comic book. From July 2007 until the series' cancellation in February 2009, an alternate version of Franklin appeared as a cast member in the Marvel Adventures all-ages Power Pack series of titles.

Fictional character biography

Origin
Richards was born in New York City to Reed and Susan Richards. He began manifesting his powers while still a toddler due to his parents' radiation-altered genes, which drew the attention of Annihilus, who sought to use Franklin as a source for his own resurgence, transferring some measure of the child's latent power to himself with a gene-based machine, and releasing Franklin's full potential in the process. Fearing the immediate threat of his son's powers to the entire populace of Earth and unable to find another solution in time, Reed Richards shut down Franklin's mind.

During a battle between Ultron-7 and the Fantastic Four, Ultron's energy output awoke Franklin and again released his powers, resulting in the sentient robot's defeat. Free of the energies expended in the confrontation with Ultron, Franklin was seemingly returned to his normal power level.

Needing someone to watch over Franklin in their absence, Reed and Susan Richards came to rely on the services of an elderly woman known as Agatha Harkness, who is also a benevolent witch. Franklin and Agatha soon developed a familial-like bond, even residing together for a time at Whisper Hill (Agatha's old residence, which was regularly destroyed and rebuilt). Eventually, Agatha returned to live in the secret witch community of New Salem, Colorado, and Franklin moved back in permanently with his parents and the rest of the Fantastic Four. His powers, no longer dormant, continued to manifest themselves.

Under the care of yet another guardian, a robot nicknamed H.E.R.B.I.E., Franklin unintentionally used his reality warping abilities to age himself into adulthood. In this form, he was an adept at molecular manipulation and psionics. On realizing his mistake, he restored himself to childhood.

Despite his youth and inexperience, Franklin, a victim of many threats and abductions, has exhibited great courage in the face of overwhelming peril. Time and again, he has unknowingly saved innocent lives, including that of his famous family, from the likes of villainous perpetrators, such as Blastaar, Norman Osborn, Onslaught, Nicholas Scratch, and even the all-powerful Mephisto, whom he temporarily destroyed and later defeated on two separate occasions.

Attempt at a normal life
To try to give his son a "normal" life, Reed Richards devised psychic inhibitors to prevent his powers from being used, but Franklin, whether by fault or by intent, could still at times bypass the inhibitors and use his powers, such as projecting an image of himself at a long distance. At this point he secretly joined a team of pre-teen superheroes called Power Pack, in which he was code-named "Tattletale".

Franklin's adventures with Power Pack gained him an enemy in the alien Zn'rx, and allies and friends in the Kymellian Whitemanes. Franklin was particularly close to the young Kofi Whitemane, who declared Franklin an honorary cousin in much the same way as the children of Power Pack had been adopted as honorary Whitemanes. Franklin also regarded the Power children and their parents as a sort of surrogate family — his association with them beginning at a time when he was feeling particularly distant from his parents at a time when they were living at Avengers Mansion. During this period Franklin also bonded emotionally with Avengers associate and manservant Edwin Jarvis, as Jarvis was his primary caretaker while Franklin stayed at the mansion. His friendship with the Power children also gave Franklin a taste of life among siblings, which the lonely Franklin would not experience until much later when his sister Valeria was born.

The Richards and Power families became fast friends, though neither family's parents realized that any of the children other than Franklin were superpowered (though Susan and Reed discovered this later). Franklin even kept his membership of Power Pack a secret from his own parents: when he appeared before them in image form (see above) he would stick to ordinary clothes, only appearing in his Power Pack outfit before other heroes such as Kitty Pryde.

Franklin even lived with the Power family for a time, when his parents decided that a superhero headquarters was a dangerous place for a child to live, and wanted Franklin to spend time in a "normal" family environment. He returned to his family when Power Pack temporarily left Earth for the Kymellian homeworld.

Psi-Lord
Franklin was later kidnapped by his time-traveling grandfather Nathaniel Richards, and replaced with his teenage counterpart, Psi-Lord, who had been raised by Nathaniel in a dimension outside of time. Franklin, as Psi-Lord, helped create the short-lived team known as Fantastic Force. By tapping a stud hidden within the glove of his costume, Franklin was able to summon battle armor from a pocket dimension; it was designed specifically to siphon off the full measure of his powers. As such, Franklin's abilities at this time were limited to telepathy, precognition, and psionic energy blasts.

Around this time, Sue's dark persona, Malice, began warring within her mind for supremacy of her body, causing Sue to become more prone to angry outbursts and a more violent use of her powers, as well as starting to wear a more revealing costume. Eventually, Psi-Lord expunged the Malice personality from Sue's body into his own. There, Malice plagued Psi-Lord for a short time. Later during a battle against the Dark Raider (an evil alternate reality version of Reed Richards) Psi-Lord and the Invisible Woman forced the Malice persona into the Raider's mind leading to his defeat and the apparent destruction of the Malice persona.

Nathaniel eventually revealed that in another possible future timeline, Franklin Richards would, with Rachel Summers, father a terrible time-and dimension-traveling supervillain named Hyperstorm. In an effort to divert the attention of the Fantastic Four, Nathaniel traveled back to the precise point in time when Franklin was abducted by Nathaniel Richards and returned the child to his parents mere seconds after he was first kidnapped, thus rendering the Psi-Lord version of Franklin Richards obsolete in the Earth-616 timeline.

Onslaught
Shortly after these events, Onslaught kidnaps Franklin in order to use his abilities to reshape reality. To defeat Onslaught, the Fantastic Four, the Avengers, the X-Men, and several other heroes destroy first his physical form, and then his psychic form. In the process, Franklin's parents seemingly die. Franklin displays his true power, singlehandedly creating the "Heroes Reborn" pocket universe to contain the heroes who had "died" in that adventure. Some of them are recreated based on Franklin's memories of them, such as the temporally-displaced teenage Tony Stark becoming an adult once more while the mutated Wasp is restored to human form. While his parents are away in the Heroes Reborn universe, Generation X and Alicia Masters look after Franklin. This universe comes to be represented by a small, bluish ball which Franklin carries with him.

Franklin travels with several X-Men to the farm owned by Hank McCoy's parents. He plays with Artie Maddicks and Leech, both mutant children. The Celestials recognize that Franklin represents the culmination of their genetic experiments, that he has power to rival even theirs. Ashema, one of the Celestials, representing herself as a human, visits Franklin. Ultimately, Franklin, Ashema and other forces allow the rightful heroes to return and both universes to remain functioning.

In the wake of Mr. Fantastic's activation of the Ultimate Nullifier to destroy Abraxas, Franklin loses all his powers in the process of reforming Galactus and thus becomes a normal child. Shortly afterwards, Doctor Doom makes a pact with the Haazareth Three to gain vast magical power. During Doom's attacks upon the Fantastic Four, Franklin is sucked into Hell by the Haazareth. After the defeat of Doom, his parents rescue him, but Franklin has a hard time coping with the traumatic experience of being tormented in Hell. The Thing helps Franklin make a complete mental recovery by assuring him that, even if they couldn't always keep him safe, they would never give up on him.

When the Scarlet Witch uses her powers to depower countless mutants, including Magneto and Professor X, the power lost by Magneto and Xavier combines and restores Onslaught, whose consciousness still lingered after his death. Onslaught takes control of both the Human Torch and Mister Fantastic in an attempt to get Franklin but is interrupted by the Thing and Invisible Woman.

When Franklin flees to Counter-Earth, Onslaught follows him. The Avengers assess their new threat which did not exist until Franklin appeared. After a brief skirmish, the heroes and villains decide to work together to defeat Onslaught. Rikki Barnes defeats him using a Fantasticar to send them both through the Negative Zone barrier in the Fantastic Four's lab, trapping them. Franklin returns home, Barnes finds herself on Earth-616, and Onslaught is seen floating outside the Area 42 Prison in the Negative Zone.

Secret Invasion
In the beginning of the Skrull strike on Earth, the Skrull Lyja, impersonating Sue Richards, sends the entire Baxter Building into the Negative Zone with Franklin, Valeria, and Johnny Storm inside. Franklin and Valeria team up with Johnny and the Thing to fight the Skrulls. Benjamin Grimm asks the help of the Tinkerer, who is a prisoner in the prison for the unregistered villains in the Negative Zone. The Tinkerer refuses, seeing no reason to help the people who arrested him as he was taking his grandchildren out for ice cream, and sent him to prison without due process. Franklin and Valeria plead with the Tinkerer. They strongly remind the old man of his own grandchildren. He is moved to tears, repents and agrees to help, in exchange for his freedom and reunion with his grandkids.

Dark Reign
During the Dark Reign: Fantastic Four miniseries; Franklin finds himself along with his sister under siege by Norman Osborn, Venom and a high number of H.A.M.M.E.R. agents. The siblings were on their own due to their father's experiment which left him unreachable and the other members of the Fantastic Four stranded in alternate realities.

Valeria manages to separate Osborn from the rest of the H.A.M.M.E.R. agents by using a bureaucratic technicality and by having them underestimate her. Osborn is led into a room where he faces Franklin who is wearing a Spider-Man mask and calls him a villain. In the next scene, the two are chased down a hall by Osborn who is getting ready to shoot them. The Fantastic Four return just in time to protect the children. Mister Fantastic tells Osborn to leave the Baxter Building and not to come back. Osborn attempts to shoot Reed, only to be shot in the shoulder by Franklin. The gun Franklin used is by all accounts, a simple toy.

On his birthday, Franklin is seemingly attacked by a strange intruder which is later revealed to be a future version of Franklin himself sent back through time to deliver a warning to Valeria about an approaching conflict. In the final pages, it is revealed that the attack by the adult Franklin was to plant a telepathic suggestion in the mind of his present-day counterpart, thereby apparently reawakening young Franklin's dormant mutant powers; in actuality, Franklin is not a mutant, but has subconsciously convinced the wider world at large that he is.

Search for the Invisible Woman
Franklin and his sister contact X-Factor Investigations, led by Madrox the Multiple Man. They find that their mother has strangely disappeared and think that their father had something to do with it. According to the children, Reed Richards had been acting very strange the last couple of days. The team investigates and find that not only Sue was trapped, but also Reed, who has been replaced with an alternate version being mind-controlled by an alternate version of Doctor Doom. X-Factor find the real Reed in Latveria. X-Factor and the Fantastic Four battle Doctor Doom and Layla Miller. Doom lets them "rescue" Sue and tells them all to leave. During the battle in New York, the alternate Doom/Reed is accidentally killed.

Fear Itself
During the Fear Itself storyline, Franklin, against his father's prior wishes, uses his reality-warping powers to free Ben Grimm from the possession of an Asgardian warrior general named Angrir: Breaker of Souls by transforming him back into the Thing.

Future Foundation
Franklin is approached by a mysterious stranger, who has been secretly tutoring him in the use of his powers. The stranger is later revealed to be a future adult incarnation of Franklin himself, who reiterates to his young counterpart that his powers must be properly harnessed for a singular intent: the act of life preservation. In a confrontation between the Future Foundation and the Mad Celestials of Earth-4280, Franklin is described by one of the Celestials as 'beyond [the] Omega classification' applied to mutants, and is subsequently attacked with concussion beams. Franklin repels their attacks.

Upon successfully creating a new future and simultaneously acting as an anchor for the changes he made in the process following the collapse of all reality into a single timestream, culminating with the heat death of everything, the adult Franklin, alongside his sister, a future incarnation of Valeria Richards, enters the fray in the final struggle against the Mad Celestials of Earth-4280. He warps the three Celestials away to the inner sphere of a local gas giant. He then acquires an orb containing his younger counterpart's powers, which he stores within his chest. When the Celestials return, the adult Franklin uses the orb to revive an incapacitated Galactus. Franklin and Galactus confront the Celestials and destroy them in a prolonged battle. In the aftermath, the adult Franklin shares a brief moment with Galactus. The two discuss the heat death of everything and the revelation of Franklin's immortality, specifically that he will, billions of years from now, stand beside Galactus to witness the birth of a new universe.

Secret Wars
Following the inevitable end of Marvel Multiverse, caused by the incursions, Doctor Doom gained the omnipotent power of the Beyonders and used it to gather the remnants of the destroyed realities to create a patchwork planet called Battleworld. Eventually those powers were stripped from Doctor Doom by the Molecule Man and transferred to Reed Richards. With his new powers, Reed along with his family, the Future Foundation and Molecule Man, began restoring the multiverse, while also creating entirely new realities.

Multiversal adventures
As they rebuild the multiverse, a being self-described as the embodiment of entropy, the Griever at the End of All Things, patiently waited to strike until Franklin Richards is depleted of his ability to create new universes as she repudiated their mission, claiming they overstepped their purpose. During this time, Franklin has taken up the codename of Powerhouse. With the help from the heroes who were part of the Fantastic Four's expanding members, including X-Men's Iceman, they were able to defeat the Griever's army. Franklin and Valeria, and their parents bids their fellow Foundation members, entrusted by Dragonman a farewell, as Earth wanted the Fantastic Four to return.

Return to Earth
Because time worked very differently when they were rebuilding the multiverse, Franklin and his sister returned to Earth as young teenagers many days after the Hydra Captain America's Secret Empire. After returning to Earth, his family entrusted their old Baxter Building to the superhero team Fantastix, and moved to Thing's hometown Yancy Street as a new base operation and home. When a wedding between his god-uncle Thing and his new god-aunt Alicia is about to begin many days later, Franklin begin to dye his hair black.

Another problem arose with Franklin's powers, they became depleted every time Franklin used them, for unknown reasons and even his father cannot understand why.

Dawn of X
Since Krakoa became a safe haven for all mutants, accessible only to those who carry the X-gene, an invitation was made to Franklin to live on the island of Krakoa, however, his parents decided it was better for him to remain with them. But when Xavier noted that Franklin's powers were depleting, he decided it was the right moment to take Franklin to Krakoa. So, Xavier and Magneto concocted a plan to usher Franklin to Krakoa by means of using his relationship with Kitty Pryde, employing the premise that they would be either helping Franklin get the full extent of his powers back or discerning if what's happening to young Franklin could also emerge in other mutants.

Later, during the Fantastic Four's confrontation against the unstoppable alien Cormorant, Franklin used the last remains of his powers in an attempt to stop the enemy, but failed. After losing his powers, Franklin tried to travel to Krakoa, only to be interrupted telepathically by Xavier, who informed the youth of the discovery that he was not really a mutant, but rather his mutant status had been a result of him using subconsciously his powers on himself to altering his anatomy in a cellular level. With his powers gone, Franklin was no longer a mutant and as a result, Xavier declared that he was no longer welcomed in Krakoa.

Powers and abilities
Originally, Franklin possesses the power to warp reality, i.e., to make any thought or desire come to fruition, even up to a cosmic scale. He is able to rearrange the molecular structure of matter and energy at will. Once, Franklin subconsciously created his own pocket universe, encompassing a virtual replica of Earth-616. Cosmic entities, including Galactus, Eternity, Infinity, Omniversal Guardian Roma, and Omniversal Majestrix Opal Luna Saturnyne, began to take notice of Franklin's tremendous gifts, going so far to describe him as a "being whom the Celestials felt was on par with themselves". Two Celestials, Ashema the Listener and Nezarr the Calculator, were at one time tasked with retrieving Franklin for evaluation as a new member of the Celestial Host, a group of beings recognized as "gods" by the Eternals and Deviants.

In addition to reality and molecular manipulation, Franklin has vast psionic powers that have manifested as telepathy, telekinesis, energy blasts of concussive force, precognition, and astral projection. Being a child, Franklin's abilities are restricted to an extent by his limited control. Moreover, it remains unclear what power levels Franklin will ultimately achieve as an adult, as several future incarnations from alternate realities as well as the mainstream Marvel universe have been shown to vary in power. One such manifestation of Franklin in adult form was able to destroy two Celestials from Earth-4280 during physical combat; in the aftermath of their defeat, Franklin's immortality was strongly implied. The same individual also tapped into the power of his younger self to resurrect and transform Galactus into his own personal herald after the Devourer of Worlds had been rendered unconscious in battle against the Mad Celestials.

Other versions

Days of Future Past
In the 1981 X-Men storyline Days of Future Past, it was revealed that in one possible future, Franklin (known as 'Scrapper') would be the lover of Rachel Summers; he would also meet his untimely death at the hands of Omega Sentinels. In variants of this timeline, Franklin and Rachel give birth to the nigh-unstoppable villain Hyperstorm, a mutant who is capable of drawing virtually limitless energy from Hyperspace itself. Another child Franklin fathers with Rachel (in a reality that only slightly diverges from Earth-811) is known as Dream Summers. Dream, a mutant like her parents, demonstrates telepathy/empathy.

The dream-self of the deceased adult Franklin Richards Earth-811 (seen in the 1990 Days of Future Present crossover) tapped into the powers of both his younger Earth-616 counterpart and Rachel Summers, augmenting his own abilities with the near-infinite energy of the Phoenix Force.

Earth-10235
In his reality, an invasion of Mad Celestials caused a collapse of it into a single timestream and Franklin, Valeria and Nathaniel Richards, were apparently, the only survivors in this reality close to extinction. He made a plan with Valeria and Nathaniel to save the reality, he traveled to Earth-616 and used his reality shifting powers to restore his past counterpart self's mutant abilities, as well as advising the past Valeria about things she has to do in order to save the future.

After Nathaniel Richards battled his other counterparts in a game set by Immortus and remained as the last Reed Richards, Franklin forced him to travel back in time and help the Fantastic Four, at that time Future Foundation, to fight the alternate Reed Richards loose on Earth-616 and deal with the invasion of the Mad Celestials until he and Valeria could escape from the destruction of their reality and arrive to finish their plan. They arrived during Galactus battle against the Mad Celestials and, using his power, he teleported them into a gas giant, withstood direct assault and even killed one by himself. He then, with the help of his younger self's powers, was capable of reviving Galactus, who had been rendered unconscious in battle, and turned him into his herald which he then used to destroy the Celestials. After the reality was saved, Franklin shares a brief moment with Galactus; the two discuss the heat death of everything and the revelation of Franklin's immortality, specifically that he will, billions of years from now, stand beside Galactus to witness the birth of a new universe.

Billions of years later, Franklin is seen with Galactus at the End of Time to witness the birth of the Ninth Cosmos. Franklin is meant to become the next Galactus and while they wait, Galactus chronicles the complete story of the Eighth Cosmos, revealing previously unknown secrets. In a potential timeline, both Franklin and Galactus were killed by the Immortal Hulk who also kills the last Homo Supreme, the ultimate evolution of mutants that was a backup in case Franklin was killed, thus becoming the only being left in the universe. When the Sentience of the Eighth Cosmos came to greet what he thought was Bruce Banner, he soon discovered that it was an elaborate trick put in motion by the One Below All, a malevolent entity that resides in the Below-Place, the deepest layer of Hell, which had possessed the Hulk and then quickly devoured the Sentience of the Eighth Cosmos and absorbed its power.

Fantastic Four: Annual 1998
In Fantastic Four: Annual 1998, a version of Franklin is seen where he aged in real time from his first appearance. He is married to a Wakandan woman named Zawadi and has a daughter named N'Yami. Franklin is also a member of the Fantastic Four named Zero Man and had the ability to access the Negative Zone through a portal that he could create. He had to wear a special Vibranium headband to help him control his abilities.

Earth X
In Earth X, Franklin Richards curses Namor for killing the Human Torch. Half of Namor's body is now constantly burning, even underwater. Afterwards, Franklin takes Galactus' armor and, entering the third stage of his evolution, becomes Galactus himself. As stated in the story, he is Galactus as long as no one tells him he isn't. As Galactus, Franklin Richards saves the Earth by consuming the Celestial growing inside. He reveals himself to his father, Reed, before leaving the Earth, stating he will never return. At the end of the story, Reed, after gaining the cosmic consciousness, states his first task will be to save his son.

Exiles
The Exiles, a group of superheroes taken from several different realities, traveled to a future Earth where their mission was to stop Franklin Richards' son from conquering that world. Franklin himself is not shown in this storyline.

Franklin Richards: Son of a Genius

In the out-of-continuity humor series Franklin Richards: Son of a Genius, Franklin is portrayed as a Calvin-esque troublemaker who can't resist "playing" with his father's inventions, with disastrous results. Franklin must then scramble to reverse the effects/clean up after the results of his "play", with the help of his long-suffering robot nanny H.E.R.B.I.E. (who essentially plays a Hobbes-esque role), or face punishment from his parents. The first twelve Son of a Genius one-shots were drawn by Chris Eliopoulos and co-written by Eliopoulos and Marc Sumerak. Since then, Eliopoulos has written them solo.

Franklin Richards: Son of a Genius began as a series of back-up strips, each one appearing in all Marvel books released in a certain publishing week. The strips were well received by Marvel readership and the concept was granted a self-titled one-shot, which primarily reprinted the published strips to date. Subsequent books in the series have consisted of new material, and they are currently being published on a roughly quarterly basis. There have been fourteen specials published so far, and this particular version of Franklin and H.E.R.B.I.E. has since appeared with Lockjaw and the Pet Avengers in Tails of the Pet Avengers: Dogs of Summer (July 2010).
 Fantastic Four Presents Franklin Richards (Nov. 2005)
 Everybody Loves Franklin (Apr. 2006)
 Super Summer Spectacular (Sept. 2006)
 Happy Franksgiving (Jan. 2007)
 March Madness (May 2007)
 World Be Warned (Aug. 2007)
 Monster Mash (Nov. 2007)
 Fall Football Fiasco (Jan. 2008)
 Spring Break (May 2008)
 Not-So-Secret Invasion (July 2008)
 Summer Smackdown (Oct. 2008)
 Sons of Geniuses (Jan. 2009)
 It's Dark Reigning Cats and Dogs (Apr. 2009)
 April Fools (June 2009)
 School's Out! (July 2009)

House of M
In House of M, Franklin is mentioned by Emma Frost as being one of her patients since the death of his parents.

Marvel Zombies: Dead Days
In the Marvel Zombies: Dead Days one-shot (which served as a prequel to the Marvel Zombies 2005/2006 miniseries), Franklin and his sister Valeria were suddenly eaten by zombie She-Hulk.

MC2
In the MC2 universe, Franklin is in the Fantastic Five under the name of Psi-Lord, his powers reduced to telekinesis after a battle with Hyperstorm. He's also that universe's Nexus Being, someone who exists in all possible realities, a focus of mystical energies. He has a friendly relationship with Spider-Girl. They are mutually attracted to each other until her father, Spider-Man, points out that she is only 15, several years younger than Franklin. After that, Franklin stops flirting with her. It was revealed that Franklin recommended Kate Power to help the Avengers find the powerless Thunderstrike. During Fantastic Five vol. 2 #4, a huge increase in his powers, triggered when Franklin deliberately exposes himself to cosmic rays to enhance his powers to cope with the threat posed by the newly returned Doctor Doom, leaves him with stronger psionic powers and with a blazing skull for a face, forcing him to wear a containment helmet at all times.

Power Pack – All Ages Version
In the Fantastic Four and Power Pack miniseries, an alternate timeline Franklin Richards is promoted a few grades and enrolled in the same class as Jack Power. Because of persecution as a result of him having the Richards name, Reed later decides that he should be kept in the Baxter Building for home schooling, possibly as long as college. Franklin then runs away with Jack, then proceeds to get captured by Doctor Doom. Doom switches bodies with Franklin for a short time to pursue the destruction of the Fantastic Four, leaving Franklin trapped in Doom's comatose body. When Jack Power undoes the body swap, Franklin wakes up and immediately leads the Power Pack in sending Doctor Doom to the Negative Zone.

After this adventure, Julie Power creates a costume for Franklin, dubbing him the "honorary fifth member". The costume looks like a standard Power Pack costume, done in orange and having the all-seeing eye icon of his "Tattletale" costume from the original series. Although the costume was made of regular materials instead of using the alien materials that accounts for the special abilities of the other Power Pack costumes, Franklin's father has modified the "Tattletale" costume using unstable molecules.

In the Power Pack: Day One miniseries, Franklin is staying with the Power family, due to the Fantastic Four going on a space mission. During his stay, Franklin is learning from the Power siblings the origin of how they became Power Pack.

In the first issue of the Skrulls vs. Power Pack miniseries, Franklin and the Power siblings were at a bowling alley, when they were attacked by bounty hunters. While the hunters captured and delivered the Pack to Patchworld, Franklin managed to return to the Baxter Building to ask his parents to help rescue them, but instead depended upon the aid from both the Smartship Friday and his robot nanny H.E.R.B.I.E.

This version of Franklin to date hasn't displayed any powers; he does have great courage and intelligence. He also has some impressive high-tech gadgets that Reed and Franklin built together. These save his life during the Galactic bounty hunter attack.

Franklin, the Power siblings, H.E.R.B.I.E., and Friday eventually reach the Puzzle Planet and solve the mystery of the planet of origin of Eternity's Children, as named in an ancient secret prophecy. All the children do their part with their intelligence and powers to solve the puzzles, but it is Franklin who ties it all together with his scientific knowledge and analytic ability.

With the main continuity, the "Son of a Genius" series, and the all ages version of Power Pack, there are now three different versions (within the different continuities) of Franklin Richards fighting the Skrull invasion.

Forever Yesterday
In an alternate reality detailed in New Warriors #11–13, the Richards family is part of a resistance movement against the tyrannical Sphinx. They join with the family of Dwayne Taylor. Despite their age differences, Franklin and Dwayne are shown as friends. An attack by agents of the Sphinx leaves all but Dwayne murdered.

Other future incarnations
In Power Pack #36 (published in April 1987), Franklin and his friends battled the giant robot Master Mold. The Master Mold's primary objective was to eliminate The Twelve, the future leaders of mutant-kind. Describing Franklin as a mutant entity of the "ultimate" potential, and the only mutant ever to develop such power, the machine visualizes possible future incarnations of the child prior to seeking him out for annihilation. One image depicts Franklin as a young man clad in a dark blue suit with a red jacket, yellow boots, yellow and gloves. Master Mold refers to this adolescent version of Franklin as Ultiman. Another image shows a striking figure somewhat older in appearance than Ultiman (closely resembling the Silver Surfer) with marks upon his face similar to the "hound scars" commonly associated with Rachel Summers of Earth-811. As per Master Mold, this adult incarnation of Franklin is simply called "The Twelfth".

Ultimate Marvel
In Ultimate X-Men/Fantastic Four Annual #1, a young Franklin Richards is part of a future team of X-Men. It is revealed that in all of the possible futures, Franklin is Reed (as Nihil) and Sue's son. He is also revealed to be the host to that timeline's Phoenix force.

In other media

Television
 Franklin Richards (alongside members of Power Pack) makes a cameo appearance in The Super Hero Squad Show episode "Support Your Local Sky-Father!" at a playground Thor is opening, appearing in a blue T-shirt marked with a "4".

Video games
 In the game Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, Franklin is briefly mentioned when speaking to the Invisible Woman in the Hall of Warriors on the Asgard level.
 In the game's sequel, Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2, Franklin is seen sleeping alongside his sister Valeria Richards. He is left in the care of his father Reed Richards when his mother Susan Richards leaves to join the Anti-Registration movement.

Awards
Awards include:

2008: Chris Eliopoulos was nominated for the "Special Award for Humor" Harvey Award for his work on Franklin Richards.

Collected editions

References

External links

Characters created by Jack Kirby
Characters created by Stan Lee
Child characters in comics
Comics characters introduced in 1968
Fantastic Four characters
Fictional characters from New York City
Fictional characters who can manipulate reality
Fictional characters with dimensional travel abilities
Fictional characters with elemental transmutation abilities
Fictional characters with energy-manipulation abilities
Fictional characters with precognition
Marvel Comics 2
Marvel Comics characters who can teleport
Marvel Comics characters who have mental powers
Marvel Comics characters with immortality
Marvel Comics child superheroes
Marvel Comics male superheroes
Marvel Comics mutants
Marvel Comics mutates
Marvel Comics telekinetics
Marvel Comics telepaths
Power Pack

Franklin Richards (character)


Središnje izborno povjerenstvo Bosne i Hercegovine (SIPBiH) jest institucija, odnosno upravno tijelo odgovorno za reguliranje i nadzor izbornog procesa u Bosni i Hercegovini. SIP također nadzire rad lokalnih i regionalnih izbornih povjerenstava, koja reguliraju izborni postupak u nižim upravnim jedinicama.

Povijest

Podrijetlo
Nakon što je Parlamentarna skupština Bosne i Hercegovine na sjednici Zastupničkog doma, održanoj 21. kolovoza 2001. godine i na sjednici Doma naroda održanoj 23. kolovoza 2001. godine usvojila Izborni zakon Bosne i Hercegovine, koji je stupio na snagu 28. rujna 2001. godine, prestalo je s radom Privremeno izborno povjerenstvo, a utemeljeno je Izborno povjerenstvo Bosne i Hercegovine.

Članove Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine imenovao je 16. studenog Visoki predstavnik s liste koju je predložila Privremena komisija za imenovanje, a koja se sastojala od članova Komisije za izbor i imenovanje sudaca Suda Bosne i Hercegovine i međunarodnih članova Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine.

Za članove Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine imenovani su Branko Perić, predstavnik srpskog naroda, Lidija Korać, predstavnik hrvatskog naroda, Hilmo Pašić, predstavnik bošnjackog naroda, Vehid Šehić, predstavnik ostalih, Veleposlanik Robert Beecroft, predstavnik međunarodne zajednice, Veleposlanik Dr. Gerhard Enver Schrönbergs, predstavnik međunarodne zajednice i Veleposlanik Victor A Tkachenko, predstavnik međunarodne zajednice.

Prva i druga sjednica
Konstituirajuća sjednica Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine održana je 20. studenog 2001. godine. Time je Privremeno izborno povjerenstvo zvanično prestalo da postoji. Na istoj sjednici donesena je Odluka o osnivanju Tajništva Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine.

Tajništvo obavlja stručne i administrativno-tehničke poslove za potrebe Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine, Izbornog vijeća za prigovore i žalbe kao i Apelacionog vijeća.

Na drugoj sjednici Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine, koja je održana 27. studenog 2001. godine, za prvog Predsjednika izabrana je gospođa Lidija Korać. Na istoj sjednici Izborno povjerenstvo Bosne i Hercegovine usvojilo je Poslovnik o radu.

Postupak rotacije
Na 46. sjednici Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine održanoj 27. veljače 2003. godine provedena je procedura rotacije na mjestu Predsjednika ove institucije. Za drugog Predsjednika izabran je g-din Hilmo Pašić. Za trećeg Predsjednika Izborne komisije BiH 20. svibnja 2004. godine imenovan je gdin Vehid Šehić.

Prema članu 2.6 Izbornog zakona BiH Predsjednik Središnjeg izbornog povjerenstva BiH imenuje se iz reda njenih članova. Po jedan član Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine iz reda Hrvata, Bošnjaka, Srba, i član iz reda ostalih obavljat će funkciju predsjednika Središnjeg izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine po principu rotacije, i to jedanput u 7 godina u trajanju od 21 mjesec.

U travnju 2006. godine Izborno povjerenstvo BiH mijenja naziv u Središnje izborno povjerenstvo BiH.

Članovi
Trenutni članovi SIP-a su:

 Željko Bakalar, predsjednik
 dr. Suad Arnautović, član
 Irena Hadžiabdić, član
 dr. Ahmet Šantić, član
 Vlado Rogić, član
 Jovan Kalaba, član
 Vanja Bjelica-Prutina, član

Popis predsjednika
Na 46. sjednici Izbornog povjerenstva Bosne i Hercegovine održanoj 27. veljače 2003. godine provedena je procedura rotacije na mjestu Predsjednika ove institucije.

Međunarodna suradnja
Središnja izborna komisija Bosne i Hercegovine provela je značajne aktivnosti u segmentu jačanja međunarodne suradnje. Na godišnjoj konferenciji Asocijacije europskih izbornih dužnosnika - ACEEEO, koja je održana u Albaniji 2004. godine, SIP BiH službeno je prihvaćen kao punopravni član ove važne međunarodne asocijacije. Također je bila domaćin i predsjedavajući 21. godišnje konferencije Asocijacije europskih izbornih dužnosnika (ACEEEO) pod nazivom "Sudjelovanje ranjivih skupina u izbornim procesima: manjine i osobe s invaliditetom" održane od 15. do 17. rujna 2012. u Sarajevu.

U sklopu 6. konferencije Globalne izborne organizacije (GEO), 14. listopada 2013. u Međunarodnom poslovnom okrugu Songdo, Republika Koreja, održana je Osnivačka skupština Svjetske izborne asocijacije (A-WEB). Skupštini je prisustvovalo oko 450 dužnosnika iz 120 zemalja, uključujući 93 tijela za upravljanje izborima iz 90 zemalja, 14 međunarodnih organizacija i 39 nevladinih organizacija. SIP je kao aktivni sudionik u procesu osnivanja ove udruge izabran u tročlani "Odbor za nadzor i reviziju Svjetske asocijacije izbornih tijela", kojem trenutno predsjeda. Domaćin ovog događaja bilo je Državno izborno povjerenstvo Južne Koreje. Ovo udruženje igra ključnu ulogu u globalnoj razmjeni znanja između tijela za upravljanje izborima širom svijeta.

Uz to, predstavnici Središnjeg izbornog povjerenstva sudjelovali su u misijama za promatranje izbora širom svijeta, kao i na mnogim međunarodnim konferencijama i seminarima.

Poseban segment u međunarodnoj suradnji Središnjeg izbornog povjerenstva su bilateralni odnosi. Memorandume o suradnji potpisao je SIP sa značajnim brojem institucija iz drugih zemalja, kao i Misija OESS- a u BiH:

 Malezijsko izborno povjerenstvo - Memorandum zaključen 9. siječnja 2007.
 Komisija za utvrđivanje sukoba interesa Crne Gore - Memorandum zaključen 31. maja 2007.
 Središnje izborno povjerenstvo Ruske Federacije - memorandum zaključen 2. listopada 2010.
 Povjerenstvo za odlučivanje o sukobu interesa Republike Hrvatske - Memorandum zaključen 26. srpnja 2011.
 Središnje izborno povjerenstvo Ukrajine - memorandum zaključen 15. rujna 2012.
 Vrhovno izborno vijeće Republike Turske - Memorandum zaključen 1. lipnja 2015.
 Izborno povjerenstvo Indije - Memorandum zaključen 24. siječnja 2017.
 Memorandum o razumijevanju između CIK-a BiH i OESS-ove misije u BiH potpisan je 4. srpnja 2017.

Vidi također

 Izbori u Bosni i Hercegovini
 Izbori u Republici Srpskoj
 Politika Bosne i Hercegovine

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena stranica

Bosanskohercegovačke državne institucije


László Toroczkai (n. 10 martie 1978, Szeged) este un politician de dreapta, ziarist, întemeietor al organizațiilor  Mișcarea Tinerilor din cele 64 de Comitate - HVIM (2001) și Hunnia (2007), redactor șef al editorialului Magyar Jelen între 2003-2013.

În anul 2005 a publicat romanul autobiografic intitulat Vármegyés a véres úton. La începutul anului 2015 de la el a apărut prima dată ideea construirii unui gard pe granița de sud al Ungariei, pentru a împiedica pătrunderea ilegală pe teritoriul țării a emigranților. (Sursă:  )

În 1998 membru al partidului MIÉP (Magyar Igazság és Élet Pártja) și deputat în Parlamentul țării. Între 1998 și 2001 e corespondentul fracțiunii parlamentare al partidului. În 1998 și 1999 relatează despre război din Kosovo și din Voivodina în timpul bombardamentelor NATO. În 2001 părăsește partidul MIÉP.

Între 2001 și 2013 face parte din conducerea organizției de tineret din bazinul carpatic Mișcarea Tinerilor din cele 64 de Comitate (HVIM), demisionând din funcție în 2013, când e ales primar al localității Ásotthalom.

În 18 septembrie 2006 el a condus mulțimea care a asediat și a ocupat sediul televiziunii de stat (Magyar Televízió). Între 2006 și 2010 a fost unul dintre conducătorii protestelor împotriva guvernului liberal-stânga al lui Gyurcsány Ferenc și a ciocnirilor cu forțele de ordine.

Din motive politice a i s-a interzis intrarea pe teritoriul Slovaciei între 2006-2011, pe teritoriul României pentru 3 luni în 2005,  și pe teritoriul Serbiei în intervalele 2004-2005 și 2008-2010.

Din 2010 face parte din Consiliul Județean al județului Csongrád. De și la alegerile din 2010 și 2014 a condus lista județeană al lui Jobbik, nu este membru al partidului.

În 2013 cu un rezultat de 71,5 % a fost ales ca și candidat independent primar al localității Ásotthalom, iar în
2014 a fost reales cu un procentaj de 100 %.

Note

Legături externe
 http://www.origo.hu/itthon/20150122-keritest-epitene-a-hataron-toroczkai.html
 http://www.toroczkailaszlo.hu/
 http://alfahir.hu/meggyozo_siker_toroczkai_laszlo_asotthalom_polgarmestere
 http://nol.hu/belfold/toroczkainak-nincs-ellenfele-asotthalmon-1485521
 http://alfahir.hu/tv_t_ostromolni_konnyebb_mint_telepulest_vezetni
 http://www.valasztas.hu/dyn/onk14/szavossz/hu/M06/T005/tjk.html
 http://valasztas.hu/dyn/onk14/szavossz/hu/M06/mered.html

Nașteri în 1978
Nașteri pe 10 martie
Politicieni maghiari

László Toroczkai


Chlorosarcinaceae, porodica zelenih alga iz reda Chlamydomonadales. četrdesetak vrsta unutar desetak rodova, Ime je došlo po rodu Chlorosarcina.

Rodovi i broj vrsta
 Borodinella V.V.Miller  1
 Chlorosarcina Gerneck  7
 Chlorosarcinopsis Herndon  12
 Chlorosphaera Klebs  2
 Chlorosphaeropsis Vischer  3
 Desmotetra T.R.Deason & G.L.Floyd  4
 Neochlorosarcina Shin Watanabe 8
 Polysphaera Reisigl  1
 Possonia F.Hindak  1
 Pseudotetracystis R.D.Arneson  3
 Sarcinochlamys Shin Watanabe 1

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Porodice Chlamydomonadales

Chlorosarcinaceae


Die Justizvollzugsanstalt Remscheid, ist eine Justizvollzugsanstalt (JVA) in der kreisfreien bergischen Großstadt Remscheid in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW). Sie ist dem Gerichtsbezirk des Landgerichts Wuppertal zugeordnet. Teile der JVA wie das historische Haftgebäude mit dem Kirchturm stehen heute unter Denkmalschutz. Die JVA befindet sich im Nordosten der Stadt im Stadtteil und Stadtbezirk Lüttringhausen, einer bis zur Eingemeindung im Jahre 1929 selbstständigen Stadtgemeinde im ehemaligen Kreis Lennep. Aufgrund ihrer exponierten Lage, auf einer der höchsten Stellen im Ortskern, ist die Justizvollzugsanstalt sowohl am Tage als auch durch ihre Beleuchtung bei Nacht ein die Silhouette prägendes Gebäude. Die Zweiganstalt in Remscheid bietet 271 Haftplätze im offenen Vollzug.

Geschichte
Die Strafanstalt Lüttringhausen wurde von 1902 bis 1906 auf einem 115.000 Quadratmeter großen Grundstück am damaligen Eingang zur Stadt nahe dem Bahnhof Lüttringhausen errichtet. Idee und Pläne der Anlage beruhten auf den Ausarbeitungen des damaligen Dezernenten für das Gefängniswesen und Vortragendem Rat im Ministerium des Innern in Berlin, dem Geheimen Oberregierungsrat Karl Krohne (1836–1913). Die Gesamtkosten beliefen sich auf 1.305.000 Mark, entsprechend 2.177 Mark für jeden eingerichteten Gefangenenplatz. Die Bauausführung erfolgte durch Gefangene. Im Jahr 1906 wurde das Königliche Gefängnis (zu) Lüttringhausen seiner Bestimmung übergeben.
Später wurde es als Zuchthaus genutzt. Zunächst hatte es die Bezeichnung Zuchthaus Lüttringhausen und nach der 1929 erfolgten Eingemeindung Lüttringhausens bis zur Abschaffung der Zuchthausstrafe im Zuge der Großen Strafrechtsreform in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland durch das 1. Strafrechtsreformgesetz von 1969 die Bezeichnung Zuchthaus Remscheid bzw. Zuchthaus Remscheid-Lüttringhausen.

Der historische Zellentrakt hinter der Eingangspforte neueren Datums besteht aus einem viergeschossigen und vierflügeligen Gebäude aus überwiegend verputzten Backsteinen. An dessen Stirnseite im Eingangsbereich befindet sich ein viereckiger, ebenfalls in Backsteinweise errichteter Kirchturm, der den Gefängniskomplex deutlich überragt. Zur ursprünglichen Ausstattung gehörten unter anderem eine Kirche, ein Badebereich mit zehn Duschen und fünf Wannen, eine Krankenstation, eine Weichzelle und eine Leichenkammer. 1962 wurde die damals noch Zuchthaus genannte JVA um ein Werkstattgebäude erweitert. Zu den weiteren in späteren Jahren errichteten Bauabschnitten zählt die Wäscherei von 1980 sowie die heutige Außenpforte mit Verwaltungsgebäude von 1994.

Die einzige Justizvollzugsschule in Nordrhein-Westfalen war nach ihrer Gründung in der ersten Hälfte der 1950er-Jahre (1952?) bis zu ihrem Umzug nach Wuppertal im Jahre 1977 zuerst an die JVA angegliedert und in angrenzenden Gebäuden untergebracht. Nach Um- und Neubau 1978/79 befindet sich heute die "Zweiganstalt" Masurenstraße 27 mit zunächst etwa 200 und nach der Erweiterung insgesamt 275 Plätzen für Häftlinge im offenen Vollzug in den außerhalb der Gefängnismauern gelegenen Gebäuden.

Im Jahre 2006 wurde innerhalb einer neu aufgeführten 600 Meter langen Gefängnismauer der Neubau der Jugendarrestanstalt mit ca. 70 Plätzen eröffnet, der zwei veraltete Einrichtungen in Remscheid und Solingen ersetzt.

Zuständigkeit
Die JVA Remscheid ist zuständig für die Vollstreckung von:
 Freiheitsstrafe (Erstvollzug) von drei Monaten bis zwei Jahre
 Freiheitsstrafe von mehr als zwei Jahren entsprechend dem Ergebnis des Einweisungsverfahrens
 Freiheitsstrafe von mehr als 48 Monaten an Ausländern

Die Zuständigkeiten der Justizvollzugsanstalten in Nordrhein-Westfalen sind im Vollstreckungsplan des Landes NRW geregelt (AV d. JM v. 16. September 2003 – 4431 – IV B. 28 -).

Politische Gefangene
Zu fast allen Zeiten, insbesondere aber während der Herrschaft der Nationalsozialisten, wurden in dem damaligen Zuchthaus neben Straftätern auch politische Gefangene inhaftiert. Die folgende, alphabetische Liste ist unvollständig. Nach den Namen ist (sofern bekannt) die Zeit der Inhaftierung in diesem Zuchthaus genannt und gegebenenfalls das weitere Schicksal.
 Josef Angenfort (1953–1957)
 Ernst Bertram (1933), 1938 verstorben im Zuchthaus Brandenburg
 Rudi Goguel (1934–), in weiteren Zuchthäusern und Konzentrationslagern (KZ) bis zur Befreiung 1945 durchgängig inhaftiert
 Lambert Horn (1934–1936), danach inhaftiert im KZ Sachsenhausen, wo er wahrscheinlich 1939 verstarb
 Heinrich Imig (KPD), nach Strafverbüßung 1939 in "Schutzhaft" genommen und 1943 im KZ Dachau verstorben
 Josef Linden (–1942) danach in "Schutzhaft" in den Konzentrationslagern Sachsenhausen und Ravensbrück inhaftiert, im November 1944 zum Strafbataillon SS-Sonderregiment Dirlewanger eingezogen und offenbar im Dezember 1944 in der Slowakei verstorben
 Dagobert Lubinski (1938–), verstorben im KZ Auschwitz
 Joseph Cornelius Rossaint (1937–1945)
 Hermann Runge (1936–1944), danach in Freiheit entlassen
 Hugo Paul (–1939), danach inhaftiert im KZ Sachsenhausen
 Wilhelm Sandhövel, am 11. Oktober 1944 im KZ Sachsenhausen ermordet
 Josef Schappe (1935–1938), danach inhaftiert im KZ Buchenwald bis 1945
 Jack Schiefer (1936–1938), auf Bewährung entlassen
 Wilhelm Spicher
 Franz Stappers (1942–1945), im Zuchthaus Lüttringhausen verstorben
 Johann Baptist Steinacker, genannt Hermann Steinacker, nach Deportation am 14. April 1944 verstorben im KZ Mauthausen
 Karl Tuttas (1936–), nach Inhaftierung in mehreren Zuchthäusern 1945 befreit
 Johann Vier (1934–1939), nach seiner vorübergehenden Entlassung im September 1944 erneut inhaftiert und ins KZ Flossenbürg überstellt, offenbar verstorben im Oktober 1944 in der Außenstelle Lengenfeld
Etliche Gefangene wurden gegen Ende des Krieges zu Bombenentschärfungen herangezogen und dabei oftmals verletzt oder getötet. Am 13. April 1945 wurden bei dem Endphaseverbrechen in der Wenzelnbergschlucht 71 Häftlinge ermordet, von denen 60 aus diesem Zuchthaus stammten.

Sonstiges
Das Zuchthaus Remscheid wurde durch Beschluss vom 20. Juni 2003 in das Haftstättenverzeichnis der Stiftung "Erinnerung, Verantwortung und Zukunft" aufgenommen.

Es ist darüber hinaus im Inventar der "Euthanasieverbrechen" des Bundesarchivs unter "Zuchthäuser Lüttringhausen" (die Verwendung des Plurals könnte darauf hinweisen, dass auch die psychiatrische Klinik Tannenhof gemeint war) aufgeführt.

In der JVA erschien die von Inhaftierten erstellte Gefangenenzeitung Kassiber.

Während der Vorweihnachtszeit findet ein Adventsbasar mit Verkauf von in den Werkstätten erstellten Objekten statt.

Literatur

 Paul Pollitz: Strafanstalt Lüttringhausen. In: Landrat des Kreises Lennep (Hrsg.): Der Landkreis Lennep und seine Gemeinden. (= Deutschlands Städtebau.) DARI, Berlin-Halensee 1925, S. 93 f.

Weblinks
 Internetpräsentation der Justizvollzugsanstalt Remscheid

Einzelnachweise

Remscheid
Bauwerk in Remscheid

Justizvollzugsanstalt Remscheid


Carol al III-lea de Savoia (10 octombrie 1486 – 17 august 1553), numit adesea Carol cel Bun, a fost Duce de Savoia din 1504 până în 1553, deși mare parte din teritoriile sale au fost conduse de Franța între 1536 și până la moartea sa.

Biografie

A fost fiul cel mic al Prințului Filip de Savoia și a celei de-a doua soții, Claudine de Brosse. Nașii săi au fost Ducele Louis de Savoia și Anne a Ciprului. Fiind fiul cel mic al liniei minore a Casei de Savoia, nu era de așteptat să acceadă la tron. A fost botezat după Ducele care domnea în acel moment, Carol I, vărul său primar.

Totuși, când avea zece ani, tatăl său și-a succedat pe neașteptate nepotul Carol al II-lea, care a murit la vârsta de 6 ani; a devenit Duce de Savoia sub numele de  Filip al II-lea. Ca șef al Casei de Savoia el a primit de asemenea titlurile pretinse al familiei: rege al Ciprului, Ierusalimului și Armeniei. Totuși, tatăl lui Carol nu era moștenitor general al ducelui decedat, era doar moștenitorul pe linie masculină. Ierusalim, Cipru și celelalte titluri pretinse s-au dus în principiu la sora lui Carol al II-lea, Iolanda Louise. Tatăl lui Carol nu a fost gata să renunțe la acestea, și și-a căsătorit în 1496 fiul, Filibert, cu Yolanda, pentru a-și asigura succesiunea.

În 1497, fratele vitreg al lui Carol,  Filibert, a succedat tatălui lor ca Duce de Savoia. Filibert a murit în 1504 fără copii și Carol i-a succedat la vârsta de 18 ani.

Căsătorie și copii

La 8 aprilie 1521, la Villefranche-sur-Mer, Carol al III-lea s-a căsătorit cu Beatrice a Portugaliei, a doua fiică a lui Manuel I al Portugaliei (1469–1521) și a celei de-a doua soții, Maria de Aragon (1482–1517). Cuplul a avut nouă copii:

Adrian John Amadeus, Prinț de Piemont (19 noiembrie 1522 - 10 ianuarie 1523).
Louis, Prinț de Piemont (4 decembrie 1523 - 25 noiembrie 1536, Madrid).
Emmanuel Filibert (8 iulie 1528 - 30 august 1580); singurul copil care a supraviețuit și mai târziu Duce de Savoia.
Caterina (25 noiembrie 1529 - mai 1536).
Maria (12 ianuarie 1530 - 1531).
Isabella (mai 1532 – 24 septembrie 1533).
Emmanuel (n./d. mai 1533).
Emmanuel (n./d. mai 1534).
Giovanni Maria (3 decembrie 1537 – 8 ianuarie 1538).

Nașteri în 1486
Decese în 1553
Duci de Savoia
Prinți de Savoia
Casa de Savoia

Carol al III-lea, Duce de Savoia


Stade Rennais Football Club (; Fransa'da 1901 tarihinde kurulan ve Breton bölgesinin önde gelen bir futbol takımıdır. Maçlarını 29.778 kişilik Roazhon Park adlı statta oynamaktadır. Kulüp başkanlığını şu an Jacques Delanoë yapmaktadır. 1965 ve 1971 tarihlerinde Fransa Kupası şampiyonluğu dışında ciddi bir başarısı bulunmamaktadır.

Oyuncular

Güncel kadro

Eski Teknik Direktörler

Başarılar

Fransa
Ligue 2
Şampiyon (2): 1956, 1983
Coupe de France
Şampiyon (3): 1965, 1971, 2019
İkinci (3): 1922, 1937, 2009
Trophée des Champions
Şampiyon (1): 1971
Ligue de Bretagne
Şampiyon (3): 1904, 1908, 1909
Ligue de l'Ouest
Şampiyon (3): 1919, 1920, 1923
Coupe Interfédérale de l'Ouest
Şampiyon (1): 1919
Gambardella Kupası
Şampiyon (3): 1973, 2003, 2008

Avrupa
UEFA Intertoto Kupası
Şampiyon (1): 2008

Diğer
Odorico Kupası
Şampiyon (1): 1920
Allies' Kupası
Şampiyon (2): 1916, 1917
Rennes Kupası
Şampiyon (1) 1916

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi sitesi
 Stade Rennais Online
 Stade Rennais Online

Rennes
Bretanya'da spor
Fransa'daki futbol kulüpleri
1901'de Fransa'da kurulan oluşumlar
1901'de kurulan futbol kulüpleri

Stade Rennais FC


China International Trust and Investment (CITIC) Plaza () is an 80-storey,  office skyscraper in the  Tianhe District of Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. Its structural height includes two antenna-like spires on the top. Completed in June 1997, it was the tallest concrete building in the world until the completion of the Trump Tower Chicago, and the tallest in China. Currently, it ranks as the eighteenth-tallest building in China, 24th-tallest in Asia, and 35th-tallest worldwide.

Located in the growing and expanding Tianhe District, it is part of a complex of the same name which also consists of two 38-storey residential buildings. Its proximity includes a new train station which serves the extremely busy Guangzhou-Shenzhen and Guangzhou-Hong Kong railways. A new metro station, and the Tianhe Sports Center, where the 6th National Games and parts of the 2010 Asian Games were held.  It is on the same Axis as two new building developments in Guangzhou, the first being the East and West Towers in Zhujiang New City and the Pearl Observation tower.  It is surrounded by other tall buildings and is a symbol of Guangzhou's growing wealth and importance.

Tenants
All Nippon Airways operated its Guangzhou Office in 2605 CITIC Plaza until May 2, 2011. On May 3, 2011 and since then, it has been in Tower A of Victory Plaza.

Transportation
The building is accessible from Linhe West Station of Guangzhou Metro.

Floor list
CITIC Plaza elevator service floor list

 No. 1–4 (4 office rooms for 9 / F–17 / F): 1,9–17
 No. 5–8 (4 from 18 / F–26 / F office elevator): 1,18–26
 No. 9–12 (office space of 4/28 / F–37 / F): 1,28,30–37
 No. 13–16 (office space of 4/38 / F–46 / F): 1,38–46
 No. 17–20 (4 from 48 / F–58 / F office elevator): 48,50–58
 No. 21–24 (office space of 4/59 / F–66 / F): 48,59–66
 No. 25–28 (4 from the 68 / F–75 / F office elevator): 48,68,71–75
 No. 29–34 (6 shuttle lanes to and from the air lobby): 1,48
 No. 35 (fire and cargo lift): B1, 1, 6–27, 27A, 28, 30–47, 47A, 48, 50–66, 67A, 67B, 68, 71–75
 No. 36 (fire and cargo elevators): B1, 1, 6–27, 27A, 28, 30–47, 47A, 48, 50–66, 67A, 67B, 68, 71–78
 P6–P7 (parking lot dedicated elevator): B2, B1,1,6

Gallery

See also

 List of skyscrapers
 List of tallest freestanding structures in the world
 List of tallest buildings in Guangzhou
 CITIC Group

References

External links
 Official Website
 CITIC Plaza Property Management Office
 Information on the tower on architect's site

Shopping malls in Guangzhou
Skyscraper office buildings in Guangzhou
CITIC Group
Tianhe District
Tourist attractions in Guangzhou
Skyscrapers in Guangzhou
Office buildings completed in 1997

CITIC Plaza


Francisca López Cuadrado, plus connue sous le pseudonyme de Paquita Gorroño, née à Madrid le  et morte le  à Rabat, est une militante du Parti communiste espagnol, exilée au Maroc sous le franquisme.

Secrétaire personnelle d'Hassan II et personnalité de la capitale marocaine, elle est populairement surnommée « La Passionnée de Rabat » (en français) ou « La Pasionaria de Rabat  » (en espagnol).

Biographie
Née à Madrid le 5 novembre 1913, au sein d'une famille aisée, elle est éduquée dans des valeurs républicaines et anticléricales. Dans la maison familiale, de nombreux intellectuels et artistes se retrouvent, comme Tomás Bretón et Vicente Blasco Ibáñez. Son grand-père est un admirateur de Pablo Iglesias Posse.

Seconde République et guerre d'Espagne
Lorsque la Seconde République est proclamée, en 1931, ses parents l'envoient étudier à Paris. De retour à Madrid, elle est recrutée par la compagnie aérienne Iberia, mais la guerre civile éclate.

La famille est évacuée à Valence. La jeune fille adhère au Parti communiste espagnol et rencontre Dolores Ibárruri.

Sous le pression de l'avancée franquiste, elle doit rejoindre Barcelone, puis, en janvier 1939, lors de la Retirada, entame à pied sa marche vers l'exil par les Pyrénées. Elle rejoint sa mère à Perpignan.

Réfugiée au camp du Boulou, elle décide de partir au Maroc, dans un périple qui l'amène depuis Port-Vendres en bateau jusqu'à Oran, d'où elle rejoint Rabat.

Vie au Maroc
En 1956, elle devient secrétaire particulière d'Hassan II, alors jeune prince, tout en poursuivant ses activités militantes antifranquistes. Elle quitte le poste en 1971.

Elle meurt en 2017, laissant le souvenir d'une femme engagée et appréciée dans sa ville d'adoption, où on la surnomme « La Passionnée de Rabat ». Elle est inhumée dans le cimetière de Rabat auprès de sa mère.

Références

Bibliographie
.

Naissance à Madrid
Naissance en novembre 1913
Communiste espagnol
Exilé du franquisme en France
Exilé du franquisme au Maroc
Femme dans la guerre d'Espagne
Personnalité inhumée à Rabat
Centenaire espagnol
Centenaire marocain
Décès en août 2017
Décès à Rabat
Décès à 103 ans

Paquita Gorroño


Anabela Bukva (Goražde, 26. siječnja 1975.), bosanskohercegovačka i srpska pop-folk pjevačica.

Djetinjstvo je provela u Bosni i Hercegovini. Tijekom rata u BiH, dolazi u Beograd, gdje se upisuje u plesnu školu koju je vodio njen bivši muž Gagi Djogani. Godine 1993. postala je članica i vokal grupe Funky G. S Gagijem Djoganijem ima 2 kćeri, Lunu Djogani i Ninu Djogani. Gagi i Anabela su u braku bili 14 god. Godine 2010. razvodi se od Gagija. Godine 2013. dobiva kćer Blankicu, s poznatim biznismenom Andrejom Atijasom. Kćer Luna 2018. ulazi u Reality show Zadruga, te 2020. ulazi i sama Anabela, gdje je sklona sukobima s bivšim mužem Gagijem, koji je također u reality showu te Lunom i njezinim parterom. Anabela je u Zadruzi 3 osvojila 4. mjesto.

Funky G

U bendu je bila od 1994. do 2009. godine.Izdali u 7 albuma. Nakon Anabele kao glavni vokal dolazi Ana Rich, a nakon Ane dolazi kao zadnja pjevačica benda Marina Uzelac.

Pjesme
 1980. Sayonara
1981. Kakao i Aroma Kokosa
1982. Hitna pomoc
1983. Pozovi me na broj s ekrana
1985. Rijeka
1995. Žena ratnik
 1999. Drugu si hteo
 1999. Dala bi ti sve
 1999. Žao mi je,žao
2000. Regijonal
2003. Fatalan
2003. Ne pravi se lud
2003. Ja imam nekog ft. Deen
 2008. Kafana na balkanu
2009. Biće mi teško
 2010. Piće za drugare
2013. Robinja
2013. Napraviću lom
2013. Sto ratova ft. Mia
2013. U tvojim kolima ft. Juice
2014. Muzej promašenih ljubavi
2015. Noćna patrola
 2015. Preventiva ft. Boban Rajović
 2015. Noćna patrola
2016. Emotivno labilna
 2016. Bidermajer ft. Luna
 2017. Zabranjeno
2018. Vila vještica

Izvori

Srbijanski pjevači
Bosanskohercegovački pjevači

Anabela Bukva


Messier 32 veya NGC 221, Andromeda takımyıldızı bölgesinde yaklaşık olarak 2,5 MIy uzaklıkta bulunan bir cüce eliptik gökadadır. Guillaume Le Gentil tarafından 23 Ocak 1874 tarihinde keşfedildi. Halton Arp tarafından görüntülenmiş ve Arp 168 olarak "Dağınık karşı kuyruklara sahip gökadalar" kategorisi altında Tuhaf Gökadalar Atlası'na dahil edilmiştir. Meşhur Andromeda Gökadası'nın bir uydusudur.

Gökada, nispeten nadir bulunan kompakt eliptik (cE) gökada sınıfının bir prototipidir. Yıldızlarının yarısı sadece 100 parseklik bir etkin yarıçap içinde yoğunlaşmaktadır. Merkezi yıldızlardaki yoğunluk, Hubble Uzay Teleskobu tarafından çözülen en küçük yarıçapta 3 Mpc'yi aşarak inanılmaz bir biçimde artar ve bu merkezi yıldız kümesinin loş (yarı-ışık) yarıçapı 6 parsek civarındadır. Daha sıradan eliptik gökadalar gibi M32'de neredeyse hiç toz veya gaz içermeyen ve dolayısıyla halihazırda yıldız oluşumuna sahip olmayan çoğunlukla yaşlı, soluk kırmızı ve sarı yıldızları içerir. Bununla birlikte, nispeten yakın bir geçmişte yıldız oluşumunun ipuçlarını da göstermektedir.

M32, Yerel Grup içindeki Andromeda altgrubu üyesidir.

Kökeni

M32'nin yapısını ve yıldız içeriğini geleneksel gökada oluşumu modelleriyle açıklamak zordur. Teorik iddialar ve bazı simülasyonlar M31'in güçlü kütleçekim alanının sarmal veya merceksi bir gökadayı, kompakt eliptik bir yapıya dönüştürebileceğini gösteren bir senaryoyu önerir. Küçük bir diske sahip bir gökada, M31'in orta kısımlarına düştüğü zaman dış katmanlarının çoğu sıyrılmış olacaktır. Küçük gökadanın merkezi şişkinliği ise bu durumdan çok daha az etkilenir ve şeklini korur. Yerçekimsel gelgit etkileri, aynı zamanda gazı içeri doğru itebilir ve küçük gökadanın çekirdeğinde bir yıldız patlamasını tetikleyerek bugün gözlemlenen yüksek M32 yoğunluğuna neden olmuş olabilir. M32'nin soluk bir dış diske sahip olduğuna dair kanıtlar vardır ve bu nedenle tipik bir eliptik gökada değildir.

Yeni simülasyonlar M32'nin 800 milyon yıl önceki merkez dışı etkisinin, M31 diskindeki günümüzdeki kaymaya sebep olabileceğini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak bu özellik yalnızca ilk yörünge geçişi sırasında ortaya çıkar, halbuki gelgitlerin normal bir cüceyi M32'ye dönüştürmesi için birçok yörünge geçişi gerekir. Gözlemlenen renkler ve M32 civarındaki yıldız popülasyonları, M31'in yıldız halesiyle uyuşmuyor. Bu da M32'den gelen gelgit kayıplarının kaynağı olmadığını gösterir. Bütün bunlar birlikte ele alındığında, M32'nin halihazırda kompakt durumda meydana geldiği ve kendi yıldızlarının çoğunu koruduğu öne sürülebilir.

Diğer bir hipotez, M32'nin daha önce Yerel Grup'un üçüncü büyük üyesi olan eski bir sarmal gökada M32p'nin en büyük kalıntısı olduğu yönündedir. Bu simülasyona göre, M31 (Andromeda) ve M32p yaklaşık iki milyar yıl önce birleşti. Bu hipotez, mevcut M31 yıldız halesinin olağandışı karakterini ve M32'nin yapısı ile içeriğini açıklayabilir.

Kara delik
M32, kütlesinin 1,5 ile 5 milyon güneş kütlesi arasında olduğu tahmin edilen bir süper kütleli kara delik içerir. Merkezinde bulunan soluk bir radyo ve X-ışını kaynağı (Sgr A* 'ya benzer şekilde M32* olarak adlandırılır) kara delik üzerindeki gaz birikimine bağlanır.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Andromeda'nın uydu galaksileri

Dış bağlantılar
 M32 Gözlem bilgisi (In-The-Sky.org)

Kaynakça

Messier 032
Messier 032
Messier 032
Messier 032
Messier 032
032
Messier 032
00452
02555
168
1749'da keşfedilen astronomik cisimler

NGC 221


A secure attention key (SAK) or secure attention sequence (SAS) is a special key or key combination to be pressed on a computer keyboard before a login screen which must, to the user, be completely trustworthy. The  operating system kernel, which interacts directly with the hardware, is able to detect whether the secure attention key has been pressed. When this event is detected, the kernel starts the trusted login processing.

The secure attention key is designed to make login spoofing impossible, as the kernel will suspend any program, including those masquerading as the computer's login process, before starting a trustable login operation.

Examples
Some examples are:
  for Windows NT.
  default sequence for Linux. Not a true C2-compliant SAK.
  for PLATO IV in the 1970s.

See also
 Control-Alt-Delete
 Magic SysRq key
 Break key

References

Computer security procedures
Computer access control

Secure attention key


Stipe Radić, né le  à Split en Croatie, est un footballeur croate qui évolue au poste de défenseur central au Zrinjski Mostar.

Biographie

En club
Né à Split en Croatie, Stipe Radić est formé par l'un des clubs de sa ville natale, l'Hajduk Split. Il fait sa première apparition en équipe première le , en étant titularisé lors d'une rencontre de championnat face au HNK Rijeka. Son équipe perd la rencontre ce jour-là sur le score de quatre buts àzéro.

Le  il rejoint la Belgique pour s'engager en faveur du Beerschot VA. Il est alors considéré comme un joueur d'avenir et son transfert, estimé à 450 000 euros, fait de lui le quatrième plus gros transferts du Beerschot VA. Il joue son premier match sous ses nouvelles couleurs le , à l'occasion d'un match de championnat contre le Royal Antwerp. Il est titulaire et son équipe s'incline par deux buts à un.

Après la descente du Beerschot VA en deuxième division à l'issue de la saison 2021-2022, Stipe Radić se retrouve libre de tout contrat à l'été 2022, le joueur ayant activé une clause lui permettant d'être libéré en cas de relégation. Il retrouve un club seulement au mois de janvier 2023, s'engageant avec le Fortuna Sittard. Le transfert est annoncé dès le  et il signe un contrat courant jusqu'en juin 2024.

Carrière en sélection
Avec l'équipe de Croatie des moins de 17 ans, Stipe Radić joue 13 matchs et participe au championnat d'Europe des moins de 17 ans en 2017. Lors de ce tournoi organisé dans son pays natal, Radić est titulaire et joue les trois matchs de son équipe, qui est cependant éliminée de la phase de groupe, terminant dernière de celui-ci avec un total de deux défaites et un match nul.

Avec les moins de 19 ans, il joue deux matchs en 2018, tous deux en tant que titulaire.

Stipe Radić est appelé pour la première fois avec l'équipe de Croatie espoirs par le sélectionneur Igor Bišćan en , où il vient pour remplacer Krešimir Krizmanić, absent en raison d'une blessure.

Vie privée
Stipe Radić est supporter de l'Hajduk Split, il a commencé à s'intéresser au football à l'âge de 6 ans alors que son père l'emmenait voir son premier match lors d'une rencontre de l'Hajduk. Il apprécie également le Real Madrid et prend pour modèle Raphaël Varane.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Footballeur croate
Joueur du HNK Hajduk Split
Joueur du K Beerschot VA
Joueur du Fortuna Sittard
Naissance en juin 2000
Naissance à Split

Stipe Radić


Žljezdastodlakavi mravinac (sukrugljasti mažuran, kretski mažuran, lat. Origanum vulgare subsp. viridulum; sinonim: Origanum heracleoticum), podvrsta divljeg mažurana (porodica usnača) rasprostranjena po južnoj Europi i Aziji, ali u Hrvatskoj je rijetka, pa se može naći tek na jugu Dalmacije. Nekada je bila priznata za samostalonu vrstu kao Origanum heracleoticum.

To je višegodišnja puzava biljka koja voli sunčana mjesta a širi se pomoću rizoma. Cijela biljka ima veoma jak miris, i koristi su u meksičkim, talijanskim i grčkim gastronomskim jelima.

Koristi se kao ljekovito bilje već stoljećima. Lišće i cvjetne stabljike imaju jak antiseptički učinak, a tinktura čaja koristi se za liječenje prehlade, gripe, blagih groznica, probavne smetnje, trbušnih napada i bolnih menstruacija. Također je sedativ i ne smije se uzimati u velikim dozama, a blagi čajevi imaju umirujuće djelovanje i mogu pomoći pri spavanju. Koristi se i za liječenje bronhitisa, astme, artritisa i mišićne boli. Etilno ulje može se koristiti za ublažavanje zubobolje.

Izvori

Mravinac

Žljezdastodlakavi mravinac


Bruce George Baird, AM (born 28 February 1942), is an Australian former politician whose career included a stint as Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party in New South Wales.

Early life
Baird was born in Sydney, and was educated at the University of Sydney and the University of Melbourne, holding a master's degree in business administration from the latter. He was Assistant Trade Commissioner at the Australian Embassy in Bonn, Germany, 1972–1976 and Trade Commissioner at Australian Consulate-General in New York 1977–1980. He was Government Affairs Manager for Esso Australia 1980–1984.

Political career

Baird was a member for the electorate of Northcott in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly 1984–1995. He was Minister for Transport 1988–1995, Minister for Sydney's Olympic Bid 1990–1993 and Minister for Tourism and Roads 1993–1995. He was also deputy leader of the Liberal Party from 1992 to 1994.

Baird was a Liberal member of the Australian House of Representatives from October 1998 to November 2007, representing the electorate of Cook, New South Wales. He also held the positions of chairman of the National Rail Corporation, and was a board member of ABN Amro Hoare Govett, Tourism Training Australia and Tourism Education Services. Baird along with fellow Liberal MPs Petro Georgiou, Russell Broadbent and Judi Moylan opposed mandatory detention of asylum seekers.

In April 2007, he announced that he would retire at the next election. A fierce battle over his successor ensued; Michael Towke was initially preselected as the Liberal candidate, but was subsequently disendorsed and replaced with Scott Morrison, who went on to win the seat.

Despite being a former deputy leader of the Liberal Party in New South Wales, Baird never served as a Federal Government minister during his time in Federal Parliament. Baird had been overlooked for promotion by Prime Minister John Howard because he was a supporter of Deputy Liberal leader and Howard's heir apparent Peter Costello.

Another factor that precluded Baird's promotion by Howard was that Baird's preselection for Cook prior to the 1998 election came against Howard's wishes as Howard had supported the previous Liberal member and preselected candidate for Cook, Stephen Mutch.

Sensing that he would not be promoted by Howard, Baird in 2004 sought to become Speaker but was unsuccessful with David Hawker chosen as the Government's candidate for Speaker instead.

After politics
Baird was appointed Chairman of the Tourism and Transport Forum, a peak industry lobby group, in 2008. In the same year, he was also appointed as chair of the Refugee Resettlement Advisory Council, which advises the Australian government on resettling refugees in Australia. In 2010 on Australia Day, he was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for service to the Parliament of Australia, and to the community of New South Wales through a range of business, tourism and welfare organisations. In August 2017, Business Events Sydney announced the appointment of Baird as their new Chairman, commencing from 1 September 2017.

Private life
Bruce and Judy Baird's children are Steve Baird, Chief Executive Officer International Justice Mission Australia; Julia Baird, columnist with the Sydney Morning Herald and host of the ABC News program The Drum; and Mike Baird, now Chief Executive Officer of HammondCare, and previously the Premier of New South Wales from 2014 to 2017. (Baird himself made an attempt to become Premier when he was a candidate to succeed Nick Greiner in 1992, but lost out to John Fahey.)

Following the financial collapse of a number of private providers of education to international students, in 2009 Baird agreed to head up a review into international education in Australia. Baird delivered the report in a joint press conference in March 2010. Included in his recommendations were tighter regulation including stronger entry requirements, improved risk assessment, and where breaches occur, tougher penalties.

He is a patron of the Asylum Seekers Centre, a not-for-profit that provides personal and practical support to people seeking asylum in Australia.

Notes

1942 births
Living people
Australian businesspeople
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Australia
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Cook
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Politicians from Sydney
Members of the Order of Australia
Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of New South Wales
21st-century Australian politicians
20th-century Australian politicians

Bruce Baird


Velutinoidea é uma superfamília de caracóis marinhos, moluscos gastrópodes marinhos do clado Littorinimorpha.

Taxonomia

 Família Velutinidae Grey, 1840
 Subfamília Velutininae Gray, 1840
 Subfamília Lamellariinae d'Orbigny, 1841
 Família Triviidae Troschel, 1863
 Subfamília Eratoinae Gill, 1871
 Subfamília Triviinae Troschel, 1863

Essa classificação segue o estudo de Ponder & Warén, publicado em 1988. No entanto, houve algumas adaptações para a família Triviidae, baseadas no estudo de Schilder, publicado em 1966.

Referências

Littorinimorpha

Velutinoidea


"Clancy of the Overflow" is a poem by Banjo Paterson, first published in The Bulletin, an Australian news magazine, on 21 December 1889. The poem is typical of Paterson, offering a romantic view of rural life, and is one of his best-known works.

The poem is written in eight stanzas of four lines, lines one and three in a two-feet anapaest with a feminine internal rhyme, and lines two and four in trochaic octameter with masculine rhymes: AA–B–CC–B.

History
The poem is written from the point of view of a city-dweller who once met the title character, a shearer and drover, and now envies the imagined pleasures of Clancy's lifestyle, which he compares favourably to life in "the dusty, dirty city" and "the round eternal of the cashbook and the journal".

And the bush hath friends to meet him, and their kindly voices greet him
In the murmur of the breezes and the river on its bars,
And he sees the vision splendid of the sunlit plains extended,
And at night the wond'rous glory of the everlasting stars.

The poem is possibly based on Paterson's own experience. The introduction to Banjo Paterson's Images of Australia by Douglas Baglin quotes Paterson as saying that he was working as a lawyer when someone asked him to send a letter to a man named Thomas Gerald Clancy, asking for a payment that had not been received. Paterson sent the letter to "The Overflow", a sheep station 100 kilometres south-west of Nyngan, and received a reply that read:

Clancy's gone to Queensland droving, and we don't know where he are.

The letter looked as though it had been written with a thumbnail dipped in tar and it is from this that Banjo Paterson found the inspiration for the poem, along with the meter.

The poem was well-received and raised much curiosity about the identity of "The Banjo". Soon after its publication, Rolf Boldrewood, author of Robbery Under Arms (1882), wrote in his literary column for The Australasian that "Clancy of the Overflow" was "the best bush ballad since Gordon".

Clancy makes a cameo appearance in another popular Banjo Paterson poem, "The Man from Snowy River", which was first published the following year.

There are claims that Clancy was based on a man called Thomas Michael MacNamara, who described the ride with the "Man from Snowy River" (his brother in law Jim Troy) in an article in The Courier-Mail in 1938

In 1897, Thomas Gerald Clancy wrote a poem in reply to "Clancy of the Overflow", entitled "Clancy's Reply", which paints a far less romantic picture of the life of a drover. There had also been a parody in 1892, "The Overflow of Clancy".

In other media
Clancy was portrayed by Jack Thompson in the movie The Man from Snowy River, and Clancy is mentioned in the musical theatre production The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular – during the recitation of the poem, Clancy is mentioned by Steve Bisley in his role of Banjo Paterson while the poem is being re-enacted in the show.

Contemporary recordings of the poem include Jack Thompson's recitation on Jack Thompson, The Bush Poems of A.B. (Banjo) Paterson (2008) and Jack Thompson, Favourite Australian Poems, Fine Poets Collection, volume 5 (2010).

The poem "Clancy of the Overflow" has also been set to music and recorded several times, including:
 John Cameron's recording of Albert Arlen's setting, with an orchestra conducted by George S. English (1955);
 Peter Dawson's recording of the same setting, with the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Charles Mackerras (4 May 1955);
 In 1974 Slim Dusty released a song version on LP.
 In 1980 the Australian folk group Wallis and Matilda recorded a popular song version of the poem, eventually peaking at 30 on the ARIA charts;
 John Schumann of Redgum recorded it on his 1993 album True Believers;
 Tenor Australis included a musical arrangement of the poem on their 1999 album Under an Australian Sky;
 Comedian Adam Hills performed it on his ABC show Adam Hills Tonight in July 2013 as a mashup with Ali McGregor singing The Church hit "Under the Milky Way".
 Melbourne-based production company Yut Art produced a contemporary version in 2013.

Proposed film
In 2004, there were plans to make a movie of "Clancy of the Overflow", a sequel to the 1982 film The Man from Snowy River, but this fell through due to financial reasons. The director was to have been Simon Wincer, who was a co-producer for The Man from Snowy River. Bruce Rowland (who composed the music for both the 1982 film The Man from Snowy River and its 1988 sequel film The Man from Snowy River II, as well as composing music for The Man from Snowy River: Arena Spectacular, was to compose the music for the film. The film was to have been funded by private investors, but the A$22 million minimum investment was not met by the deadline of June 2004, and the film has been shelved indefinitely.

See also
 Bulletin Debate
 1889 in Australian literature

References

External links

 "Clancy of the Overflow", text, middlemiss.org
 "Clancy of the Overflow film in the works", The Sydney Morning Herald (1 June 2004)
 "clancy@theoverflow", a 21st-century Clancy

1889 poems
Poetry by Banjo Paterson
Australian folklore
Australian country music songs
Works originally published in The Bulletin (Australian periodical)

Clancy of the Overflow


"Rivers of Babylon" er en rastafarisang fra 1970 skrevet af Brent Down og Trevor McNaughton fra gruppen The Melodians og indspillet af denne gruppe samme år. Teksten er hentet fra Salmernes Bog, kapitel 19 og 137 i Bibelen. Sangen var ikke umiddelbart nogen stor succes, men den blev kendt af et større publikum, da den originale indspilning optrådte i filmen The Harder They Come fra 1972.

I 1978 blev sangen indspillet af gruppen Boney M, først som en single, sammen med hittet "Brown Girl in the Ring", senere på albummet Nightflight to Venus, hvor også hits som "Rasputin" og "Painter Man" var på. "Rivers of Babylon" blev et stort hit for gruppen og kom på førstepladsen i flere europæiske lande, og sangen nåede højere på de amerikanske hitlister (30. pladsen) end nogen af deres sange før havde nået.

Sange fra 1970

Rivers of Babylon


Francis William, Taussig (født 28. december 1859 i Saint Louis, Missouri, død 11. november 1940 i Cambridge, Massachusetts) var en amerikansk nationaløkonom.

Kilder

Nationaløkonomer
Videnskabsfolk fra USA

Frank William Taussig


Arturo Iglesias Paiz (Concordia, 19 de abril de 1899 - Buenos Aires, 1966) fue un militar argentino. Fue el último gobernador del Territorio Nacional de Formosa (entre 1950 y 1955) y comisionado federal durante los meses de transición en el que el Territorio Nacional de Formosa se convirtió en la provincia de Formosa.

Biografía
Paiz era hijo de Gabriel Iglesias (argentino) y de Secundina Paiz (argentina, ama de casa).

Se enroló en el Ejército Argentino en 1916.
En 1930 se casó con la catamarqueña María Esther Ortega Argüelles (n. 1910).
El 31 de diciembre de 1945 fue ascendido de teniente coronel a coronel.

En 1950 ―viviendo en la ciudad de Formosa― se retiró del ejército. Ese mismo año, el presidente Juan Domingo Perón ―atendiendo a las protestas de los formoseños, que se quejaban de que Perón hubiera elegido como gobernador a un miembro de la oligarquía terrateniente ganadera, Rolando de Hertelendy― nombró a Iglesias Paiz gobernador del entonces Territorio Nacional de Formosa.
El 28 de junio de 1955 se promulgó la Ley Nacional n.º 14.408, que convirtió el Territorio Nacional de Formosa en provincia. durante su gobernación se realizó el ensanchamiento y pavimentación de las principales arterías de la capital provincial, entre ellas E San Martín, Calle de Los Turcos, Moreno, Padre Patiño, Buenos Aires,  Tucumán, Artes, Avenida 9 de Julio, Bulevar del Oeste, se crearon plazas, numerosas escuelas, y fomentó el trato hacia el aborigen. Además de dar impulso a la industria taninera en el interior provincial, lo que duplicó su producción en seis años.

De acuerdo con el artículo 19 de la ley, el presidente de la Nación tenía la responsabilidad de nombrar en el cargo de «comisionado federal» (todavía no gobernador) a una persona con la capacidad suficiente para responder a la propuesta «que Perón escuchara, emocionado y atento, en la voz de Vicente Arcadio Salemi». Perón eligió al exgobernador del territorio, coronel (retirado) Arturo Iglesias Paiz.
De acuerdo con el artículo 20 de la ley, el flamante comisionado federal nombró como ministro de Gobierno al señor Horacio R. Obregón por decreto n.º 1/1955 ―ese decreto fue el primer documento que se emitió con el membrete de «Provincia de Formosa»―.

Iglesias Paiz completó su gabinete designando ministro de Economía al señor Rafael María Menéndez, y como ministro de Asuntos Sociales al señor Vicente Arcadio Salemi, «quien tuvo la responsabilidad ―por su competencia en el área de Cultura y Educación― de asegurar la educación primaria, como requisito del artículo 5 de la Constitución Nacional, para que el Gobierno federal garantice el goce y ejercicio de sus instituciones».
Designó subsecretario de Fomento al señor Oscar Ianelli.

El 11 de agosto de 1955, Oscar Carlos Iladoy fue nombrado jefe de la Policía de la Provincia.
Mediante el decreto n.º 2/1955, Iglesias Paiz confirmó en sus cargos a los comisionados municipales mayor (retirado) Isaac Mann (de la ciudad de Formosa), Rolando de Hertelendy (de la ciudad de Clorinda), Juan Pastrana (de la ciudad de Pirané), Antonio Mayuli (de Pozo del Tigre), y Julio Sosa (de Las Lomitas).

Iglesias Páez siguió siendo gobernador, pero 80 días después, el 16 de septiembre de 1955, la dictadura autodenominada Revolución Libertadora intervino la flamante provincia y lo echó de su puesto.

Arturo Iglesias Paiz se mudó con su familia a Buenos Aires, donde falleció en el año 1965.

Referencias

Fallecidos en Buenos Aires
Gobernadores de Formosa
Militares de Entre Ríos
Nacidos en Concordia (Argentina)
Peronistas
Egresados del Colegio Militar de la Nación
Católicos de Argentina

Arturo Iglesias Paiz


ඇග්නස් ලෙස හැඳින්වෙන ඇග්නස් එමිලියා කාල්සන් (උපත 1988 මාර්තු 6) ස්වීඩනයේ සංගීත කලාකරුවෙකි. ඇය ස්වීඩන් අයිඩල් මාලාවේ දෙවන වාරය වන අයිඩල් 2005 හි ජයග්‍රාහිකාව ලෙස ප්‍රසිද්ධියට පත්විය. පසුව ඇය සෝනි මියුසික් වෙත අත්සන් තැබූ අතර, එමඟින් ඇය විසින්ම නම් කරන ලද පළමු ඇල්බමය වන ඇග්නස් සහ පසු විපරම් ස්ට්‍රෝංගර් නිකුත් කළ අතර ඒ දෙකම ස්වීඩන් හොඳම ඇල්බම 60 ප්‍රස්ථාරයේ ඉහළින්ම සිටියි.
2008 මුල් භාගයේදී, ඇග්නස් සිය වාර්තා ලේබලය සමඟ වෙන්වී ඇති බව නිවේදනය කරන ලද අතර දැන් එය කුඩා ස්වාධීන ලේබලයක් වන රොක්සි රෙකෝඩින්ග්ස් වෙත අත්සන් කර ඇත. 2008 ඔක්තෝබර් 28 වන දින නිකුත් කරන ලද ඇගේ තෙවන ඇල්බමය වන ඩාන්ස් ලව් පොප් ස්වීඩනයේ පස්වන ස්ථානය, ඔස්ට්‍රියාවේ 70 ක්, ප්‍රංශයේ 38 ක්, ස්විට්සර්ලන්තයේ 45 ක් සහ එක්සත් රාජධානියේ 13 වන ස්ථානයට පත්විය.
ලොව පුරා ඇල්බම 200,000 ක් අලෙවි වූ මෙය ඇගේ වඩාත්ම සාර්ථක ඇල්බමය වන අතර ඇල්බම 50,000 ක් ප්‍රංශයේද 40,000 ස්වීඩනයේද අලෙවි විය. එහි පළමු කේවල දෙක වන "ඔන් ඇන්ඩ් ඔන්" සහ "මාව නිදහස් කරන්න" ජාත්‍යන්තර ජයග්‍රහණ ලබා ගත් අතර එය ලොව පුරා ප්‍රස්ථාර ලැයිස්තුවේ පළමු දස දෙනා අතරට පැමිණියේය. "මාව නිදහස් කරන්න" බිල්බෝඩ් හොට් ඩාන්ස් ක්ලබ් ගීතවල ඉහළින්ම සිටින අතර එක්සත් රාජධානියේ තුන්වන ස්ථානයට පත්ව ඇති අතර ලොව පුරා පිටපත් 900,000 කට වඩා අලෙවි වී තිබේ.

ඇග්නස්


Stema municipiului Timișoara se compune dintr-un scut tăiat cu câmpul superior despicat. Acesta cuprinde în primul cartier, pe roșu, un leu de aur, trecând spre dreapta pe un pod de argint cu două bolți peste unde de azur; în cartierul secund, pe albastru, un zid de cetate cu un turn conic crenelat, de argint având două ferestre rotunde, luminate negru, cu acoperiș ascuțit roșu, o poartă deschisă în care este așezată o roată de puț neagră; din crenelurile turnului ies, în dreapta un steag roșu, încărcat cu o cruce de argint iar in stânga un steag tricolor românesc cu gaură pe fășia de culoare galbenă. În partea inferioară pe albastru, un oraș de argint, cu acoperișurile caselor și turnurilor roșii, înconjurat de ziduri de argint cu contur neregulat, așezat pe o terasă verde, pe care curge la dextra un râu de argint, în bandă și însoțit la dreapta de un soare (figurat) cu raze de aur și în stânga de o semilună descrescendă de argint, totul desenat în perspectivă. Scutul este timbrat de o coroană murală de argint formată din șapte turnuri.

Semnificația elementelor însumate:
 Leul și podul din primul cartier preluate din stema Olteniei atestă faptul că acest oraș bănățean își lega istoria de patria mamă;
 Turnul cu steaguri amintește de faptul că acest oraș este primul din Europa care a avut un sistem centralizat de distribuire a apei potabile;
 Steagul tricolor face aluzie la Revoluția Română din 1989;
 Conturul urbei din partea inferioară evocă vechea cetate a Timișoarei angajată în luptele de apărare;
 Coroana murală cu șapte turnuri semnifică faptul că localitatea are rangul de municipiu, reședință de județ.

Legături externe
 Primăria Timișoara - Însemnele Municipiului Timișoara

 Stemele municipiilor din România
 Timișoara

Stema municipiului Timișoara


Johann Evangelist Helfenzrieder (født 9. december 1724 i Landsberg am Lech, død 25. marts 1803 i Raitenhaslach ved Burghausen) var en tysk astronom og matematiker.

Helfenzrieder, der var jesuit, tjenestegjorde som lærer i matematik ved universitetet i Ingolstadt. Han opdagede 1766 en periodisk komet med 5 års omløbstid, hvilken dog ikke er blevet fundet senere. Han udgav en række astronomiske og fysikalske arbejder, blandt hvilke må nævnes Tubus astronomicus amplissimi campi cum micrometro suo et fenestellis ocularibus novum instrumentum osv. (1773).

Kilder

Astronomer fra Tyskland
Matematikere fra Tyskland
Tyskere i 1700-tallet
Personer fra Bayern
Ugglan

Johann Evangelist Helfenzrieder


ترتيب الفرق

النتائج

مقالات مع مصادر باللغة الألمانية (de)
دوريات كرة قدم ألمانية في 2008-09
مواسم الدوري الألماني الدرجة الثانية
موسم رياضي 2008-09
2008–09 في دوريات كرة قدم أوروبية من الدرجة الثانية

الدوري الألماني الدرجة الثانية 2008–09


Ambarcı, Çorum ilinin Uğurludağ ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köye 2 km uzaklıktaki Tümbek Tepe Karasu mevkisi ile Atoluğun Tepesinde MÖ 3000 yılından Helenistik döneme ait kalıntılar bulunmuştur. Yine köy sınırları içerisinde Eskiköy Sırtları olarak belirtilen alanda Erken Tunç Çağı dönemine, Sıtma Tepe mevkiinde de MÖ 3000, Demir Çağı ve Orta Çağ dönemlerine ait yerleşim kalıntıları tespit edilmiştir. Köy, 1928 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır. Daha önceleri Yeniyapan köyüne bağlı bir mahalle iken, 22 Aralık 1952'de köy statüsü kazandı. Daha önceleri İskilip ilçesine bağlıyken, 4 Temmuz 1987'de Uğurludağ ilçesine bağlandı.

Coğrafya
Köy, Çorum il merkezine 58 km, Uğurludağ ilçe merkezine 14 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Uğurludağ belde ve köyleri

Ambarcı, Uğurludağ


Çandarlı Ali Paşa (ö. 18 Aralık 1406, Ankara), 22 Ocak 1387'de babası Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Paşa'nın ölümü üzerine yerine geçerek, 18 Aralık 1406 tarihinde ölümüne kadar, I. Murad ve I. Bayezid için Ankara Muharebesi'ne kadar 15 yıl 6 ay ve Fetret Devri döneminde Süleyman Çelebi'nin yanında 4 yıl 4 küsur ay vezir-i azamlık yapmış ve Osmanlı Devleti'nin kuruluş sürecinde önemli rol oynamış bir Osmanlı devlet adamıdır.

Hayatı
Tarihe Çandarlılar ailesi olarak geçmiş olan ailenin mensubu olup Çandarlı Kara Halil, Hayrettin Paşa'nın büyük oğludur. Medrese eğitimi gördü ve ilmiye sınıfına intisap etti. 1386'dan önce kazaskerlik yaptığı bilinmektedir.

I. Murad dönemi
I. Murad Karamanoğlu Alaaddin Bey üzerine sefer hazırlığı içinde iken Vezir olan babası  Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayrettin Paşa'nin beklenmedik şekilde 22 Ocak 1387'de ölümü üzerine vezirliğe getirildi. O zamana kadar tek bir vezir varken, Karaman seferinden sonra bu seferde çok gayreti görülen Kara Timurtaş Paşa'ya da vezir payesi verildi. Böylece Çandarlı Ali Paşa da "vezir-i azam" payesini aldı.

1388'de Vezir-i Azam unvanlı Çandarlı Ali Paşa, komutasında 30 bin kişilik bir kuvvet ile Rumeli'de müttefiklik kuran vasal devlet hükümdarları olan Sırp Despotu Lazar ve Bosna Kralı Tvrtko, Hırvat prensleri ile Arnavutluk prensleri üzerine bir sefere başladı ve Tırnovo ve Şumnu'yu ele geçirdi. I. Murad Anadolu'da yeni bir ordu kurdu ve çok geçmeden Rumeli'den de takviyelerle Bulgaristan'a girdi. Bunun üzerine Bulgar Kralı Şişman Hristiyan müttefiklerinden ayrılıp teslim oldu. I. Murad ordusunun bir kısmı Tuna boylarında Niğbolu ve Silistre kalelerini ele geçirdi. Haziran sonuna birleşen Osmanlı ordusu Kratova'da toplanmaya başladı ve  I. Murad başkanlığında yapılan harp meclisinde Hristiyan müttefikler ordusu üzerine gitme  kararı verildi. Şehzade Beyazid, Şehzade Yakup ve diğer deneyimli komutanlara görev belirtilerek bir muharebe planı hazırlandı. 28 Haziran 1389'da Hristiyan Sırp, Bosna, Eflak, Macar ve Hırvat müttefikler ordusu ile Osmanlı ordusu Üsküp'ün kuzeyinde Kosova Ovası'nda bir meydan muharebesine giriştiler. I. Kosova Muharebesi'nde Hristiyan ordusu  mağlubiyete uğratıldı. Fakat ya muharebe bittikten sonra veya muharebe sırasında I. Murad, Sırp Miloš Obilić tarafından hançerlenerek öldürüldü. I. Kosova Muharebesi'nde I. Murad öldükten sonra büyük oğlu I. Bayezid vezir-i azam Çandarlı Ali Paşa desteğiyle tahta geçirildi.

I. Bayezid dönemi
I. Bayezid'in saltanat döneminin tümünde veziriazam olarak görev yaptı ve babası gibi teşkilatçı ve kuvvetli bir idareci olduğunu gösterdi. I. Bayezid'in 1391'deki İstanbul kuşatmasına ve 25 Eylül 1396'daki Niğbolu Muharebesi'nde sağ cenah komutanı büyük şehzade Süleyman Çelebi yanında iştirak etti. Bulgaristan'ın fethinde mahir bir kumandan olduğunu gösterdi. Çandarlı Ali Paşa 1402'de Ankara Muharebesi'ne de sol cenah komutanı şehzade Süleyman Çelebi yanında katıldı. I. Bayezid'in Timur ile doğrudan savaşmadan önce, çete ve müdafaa harbi yapmak suretiyle, hareket üssünden çok uzakta olan Timur kuvvetinin yıpratılmasını tavsiye etti ise de I. Bayezid bu görüşünü kabul etmemişti.

Ankara Muharebesi'nde hem Osmanlı sağ cenahının ve hem de sol cenahının geri çekilme zorunda kalmaları ile Osmanlı ordusu mağlubiyete uğradı ve orta cenah komutanı Bayezid çembere alınıp Timur'a esir düştü.

Süleyman Çelebi'ye vezirlik
Bu yenilgiden sonra I. Bayezid'in veziriazam olan Çandarlı Ali Paşa yanında Süleyman Çelebi ile birlikte önce Bursa'ya gidip sonra Rumeli'ye geçmek amacı ile kaçmaya başladılar ve Timur birliklerinin yakın kovalaması altında kaldılar. Çandarlı Ali Paşa ile Süleyman Çelebi önce Bursa'ya ve orada tutunamayıp Gemlik yoluyla Edirne'ye vardılar. 1402'de Edirne'de Süleyman Çelebi Osmanlı Devleti tahtına geçtiğini ilan edip ve Rumeli'de adına hutbeler okuttu. Başveziri Çandarlı Ali Paşa aracılığı ile Süleyman Çelebi sivil ve asker kadroların desteğini kazandı. 1403 başında Süleyman Çelebi ile Bizans İmparatoru taht naibi VII. İoannis, Venedik, Cenova, Rodos San Jean Şövalyeleri, Sırp Despotu Stefan Lazeraviç ve Latin Naksos Dükü arasında bir barış anlaşması imzalandı. Süleyman Çelebi resmen meşru Osmanlı Devleti hükümdarı olarak kabul edildi.

Süleyman Çelebi kardeşi İsa Celebi'ye askeri destek vererek onu Bursa'ya gönderdi ise 1406'da İsa Çelebi, Bursa'da hüküm sürmeye başlayan Çelebi Mehmed tarafından öldürtülüp bertaraf edildi. Süleyman Çelebi tekrar Anadolu'yu ele geçirip Osmanlı devletini birleştirmeye karar verip harekete geçti. Rumeli'deki Osmanlı kuvvetlerini toplayıp Bizans yardımı ile Anadolu yakasına geçti. Çelebi Mehmed'in Bursa'da bulunmamasından istifade eden Süleyman Çelebi hemen hücuma geçerek Bursa'yı eline geçirdi. Çelebi Mehmed Amasya'ya çekildi. Takiben Süleyman Çelebi Anadolu'ya yürüdü; Veziriazam  Çandarlı Ali Paşa'nın entrikası ile Ankara'yı aldı. Çelebi Mehmed'in  geride bıraktığı arazileri talan edip Bursa'ya döndü. Bir dönem hem Rumeli ve hem Anadolu'nun hükümdarı olan Süleyman Çelebi barışçı bir tutumla buradan devleti idareye devam etti. Çelebi Mehmed Süleyman Çelebi'nin barışçıl tutumundan fırsat bularak tekrar Bursa üzerine yürüdü. Süleyman Çelebi ve Çelebi Mehmed orduları Yenişehir ovasında karşı karşıya geldiler. Fakat Süleyman Çelebi'in veziriazamı olan Çandarlı Ali Paşa Çelebi Mehmed ordusunun danışmanları ile önceden gizli konuşmalara başladı ve onları Çelebi Mehmed'ten ayrılmaya inandırdı. Böylece savaşa girmeden ordusunun dağılması üzerine Çelebi Mehmed ordusuz tekrar Amasya'ya kaçmaya mecbur oldu.

Böylece Fetret Dönemi sırasında Çandarlı Ali Paşa, Süleyman Çelebi'nin vezir-i azamı olarak ve bütün idareyi kendisine bırakmış olan şehzadenin adına bir hükümdar gibi faaliyette bulundu. Eyalet-i Rum yani Sivas, Amasya, Tokat tarafları hariç olarak Süleyman Çelebi egemenliğini  Anadolu ve Rumeli'de korumayı başardı.

Çandarlı Ali Paşa 18 Aralık 1406'da Ankara'da öldü. Onun ölümüyle Süleyman Çelebi'nin taht adayı kardeşler içindeki üstün konumu bozuldu.

Çandarlı Ali Paşa'nın cenazesi İznik'te babası Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayrettin Paşa'nın türbesine defenedildi. .

Değerlendirme
Osmanlıların aşiret teşkilatını devam ettirmesini isteyen, hazine ve askeri teşkilatına aleyhtar olan tarihler istisna edilecek olursa, diğer yabancı ve Türk tarihçiler Çandarlı Ali Paşa'nın üstün yeteneklerinden bahsetmektedirler. Bir modern Osmanlılar biyografi eserinde şöyle değerlendirilmektedir:
Alim; değerli ve tedbirli bir vezir; teşkilatçı bir komutan.; kudretli bir devlet adamı; iyi bir diplomat (idi). Fakat dünya zevklerine düşkün biri (idi).

Tarihler değerini ve hizmetini takdir etmekle beraber Sultan Beyazıt'ı içkiye alıştırmasından dolayı kendisini kusurlu görürler. Çok cömert olduğunu tarihler yazarlar. Bu dönemde ailenin servetinin hükümdar ailesinin servetine eşdeğer hale geldiğini de burada belirtmek gerekir.

I. Bayezid zamanında, Çandarlı Ali Paşa'nın tavsiyesiyle, kadılara baktıkları davalardan muayyen bir ücret tahsis edilerek rüşvet almaları önlenmiştir.

Eserleri
İznik Yeşil Cami ve imareti, Gelibolu'da ve Serez'de camileri vardır. Çandarlı Ali Paşa'nın evladı olmadığından Bursa'da yaptırmış olduğu cami ile zaviyesinin mütevelliliği ve nazırlığını Bursa kadılarına bırakmıştır.

Osmanlı saraylarında ve vezir dairelerinde iç oğlanı adıyla hademe bulunmasını Ali Paşa ihdas etmiştir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı (1974; 1988:3.Basım), Çandarlı Vezir Ailesi,, Ankara:Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları, ISBN 2880000005544  s.31-45
 Yılmaz, Mehmet (1999), Yaşamlarıyla ve Yapıtlarıyla Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi C.1 s.224 İstanbul:Yapı Kredi Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık A.Ş. ISBN 975-0800710

Fetret Devri'nde kişiler
Doğum tarihi bilinmeyenler
1406 yılında ölenler
Ali Paşa
14. yüzyılda Osmanlı sadrazamları
15. yüzyılda Osmanlı sadrazamları

Çandarlı Ali Paşa


Síðjúratímabilið er síðasti hluti júratímabilsins og nær frá því fyrir 163,5±1 til 145±0,8 milljón árum. Á þessum tíma hafði risameginlandið Pangea klofnað í Lárasíu í norðri og Gondvana í suðri. Við þetta myndaðist Atlantshafið.

Júratímabilið

Síðjúratímabilið