Uri Blau, en  est un journaliste d'investigation israélien qui écrit pour le journal Haaretz et d'autres publications. Il est spécialisé dans les affaires militaires, la corruption et les enquêtes de transfert d'argent dites . Blau a été reconnu coupable de possession de documents classifiés de l'Armée de défense d'Israël (Tsahal) et condamné à des travaux d'intérêt général pour son rôle dans l'.

Carrière
Uri Blau commence sa carrière journalistique à , un hebdomadaire de Jérusalem. Il se spécialise dans la dénonciation des cas de mauvaise conduite des soldats de Tsahal. Contrairement à d'autres correspondants militaires, il n'a pas rejoint la section des reporters militaires et a tendance à s'appuyer sur le personnel enrôlé de rang inférieur, plutôt que sur les officiers de haut rang.

En 2005, il rejoint le quotidien Haaretz et publie un article dénonçant la corruption présumée d'Ehud Olmert, alors chef du parti Kadima, candidat au poste de Premier ministre et ensuite Premier ministre d'Israël. Cet article conduit à une enquête criminelle et à l'inculpation d'Olmert. Une autre enquête qui a conduit à une importante enquête de police concerne Avigdor Liberman, chef du parti Israel Beytenou. Uri Blau révèle qu'une société appartenant à la fille de Liberman, âgée d'une vingtaine d'années, a reçu des paiements inexpliqués de plusieurs millions de dollars.

D'autres enquêtes portent sur l'ancien Premier ministre Ehud Barak, l'ancien chef de Tsahal Moshe Ya'alon, l'organisation  mais aussi un article sur l'exploration de ses racines en Bosnie-Herzégovine, et les connexions israéliennes à une mine au Kosovo. En 2014, Uri Blau termine une bourse de recherche à la Fondation Nieman pour le journalisme de l'université de Harvard. Il publie des articles et des enquêtes dans diverses publications, notamment AP, ProPublica, The Washington Post, Quartz, The Nation, Mashable, Times of Israel et plus encore.

Uri Blau est membre du Consortium international des journalistes d'investigation (ICIJ). Il est membre de l'équipe lauréate du prix Pulitzer 2017 pour le projet Panama Papers et a contribué à d'autres enquêtes mondiales telles que les FinCEN Files. Dans le cadre de cette enquête, il a coproduit le documentaire de la BBC  sur le rôle des sociétés appartenant à Roman Abramovitch dans le soutien au groupe de colons .

Affaire Anat Kamm-Uri Blau

Contexte
En , Uri Blau publie un article dans Haaretz affirmant que l'assassinat ciblé de l'un des deux militants du Jihad islamique palestinien, tués à Jénine en , avait violé une décision antérieure de la Cour suprême d'Israël. L'arrêt avait

L'article reproduit deux mémos de Tsahal, classés top secret, indiquant que Tsahal avait ignoré l'arrêt de la Cour suprême. Les publications traitant des affaires militaires doivent être soumises à la  ; la censure approuve la publication de ce rapport. Ce fait sera plus tard utilisé comme argument pour dire qu'aucun dommage n'a été causé par la publication.

Les spéculations commencent immédiatement pour savoir qui est la source interne d'Uri  Blau. Il faut attendre un an avant que l'attention ne se porte sur Anat Kamm, une ancienne employée du bureau d'un commandant supérieur de Tsahal. Elle a auparavant travaillé comme journaliste mais aussi après son service militaire. En , une semaine avant le début de lopération plomb durci, c'est-à-dire la guerre de Gaza de 2008-2009, Uri Blau soumet à la censure un rapport révélant qu'il est en possession de plans militaires de Tsahal pour l'opération. Dans un premier temps, le reportage est approuvé pour publication. Puis, juste avant sa distribution, la censure change d'avis et le quotidien Haaretz accepte de retirer l'article.

Arrestation d'Anat Kamm
Au cours de l'année qui a précédé l'arrestation d'Anat  Kamm, Uri Blau publie également un autre article concernant le ministre de la Défense Ehud Barak et le chef d'état-major Gabi Ashkenazi. Le journaliste affirme qu'Ehud Barak, en devenant ministre, a transféré sa société de conseil privée à ses trois filles, violant ainsi la réglementation autorisant un tel transfert uniquement si les filles étaient effectivement employées par la société. En outre, la société qu'il a donnée à ses filles a reçu près de deux millions de dollars de sources inconnues après son entrée au gouvernement. Uri Blau affirme également qu'après avoir quitté l'armée et rejoint le secteur privé, Ashkenazi a approché Barak pour entrer en affaires avec lui.

En , le Shin Bet négocie un accord écrit avec Uri Blau pour qu'il remette  classifiés et détruise son ordinateur de travail. En contrepartie, Tsahal accepte de ne pas poursuivre ou de ne pas poursuivre sa source. En , le Shin Bet arrête secrètement Anat Kamm et commence à l'interroger. Finalement, elle est accusée d'avoir divulgué près de  au journaliste. Uri Blau et quotidien Haaretz considèrent l'arrestation de la militaire comme une violation de leur accord.

Uri Blau, qui avait quitté Israël pour un voyage en Asie le mois même de l'arrestation 'Anat Kamm, décide de rester à l'étranger en attendant la résolution de l'affaire et se retrouve finalement à Londres. Le Shin Bet annoncé publiquement qu'il veut l'interroger et peut-être le poursuivre. Il invoque le privilège journalistique et refusé de rentrer tant qu'il n'a pas de garanties sur l'issue de son affaire.

Le , Uri Blau rentre en Israël.

Les Israéliens ont manifesté des sentiments mitigés à l'égard d'Uri Blau. Certains le considèrent comme un peu mieux qu'un traître qui veut nuire à la sécurité nationale. D'autres soutiennent son travail. Un groupe de douze journalistes israéliens de premier plan a demandé au gouvernement de ne pas poursuivre Uri Blau s'il revient de Londres et rend tous les documents qu'il pourrait encore posséder. Après que celui-ci soit devenu le premier journaliste en Israël condamné pour possession d'informations classifiées, Freedom House a rétrogradé Israël au statut de pays  dans son indice de liberté de la presse de 2013.

Poursuites
En , le ministère israélien de la Justice annonce son intention de faire passer Uri Blau en jugement, sous réserve de l'audience, accusé de détenir des éléments classifiés sans autorisation.

En , il est annoncé qu'il sera inculpé pour .

En , Uri Blau accepte une négociation de plaider coupable qui le verrait condamné à quatre mois de travaux d'intérêt général et lui éviterait de purger une peine de prison. Il effectue quatre mois de travaux d'intérêt général en , publiant un article sur cette expérience dans le journal Haaretz en .

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Lien externe

Journaliste israélien

Naissance en 1977

Uri Blau


Die Lithuanian International 2005 im Badminton fanden vom 10. bis zum 11. September 2005 in Tauragė statt.

Sieger und Platzierte

Weblinks
 http://www.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/tournament.aspx?id=4E767E92-73AB-4438-899E-C9464DDE1CE4

2005
Badminton 2005
Badmintonwettbewerb in der Rajongemeinde Tauragė

Lithuanian International 2005


Goro Majima (japonês: 真島 吾朗, Hepburn: Majima Gorō) é um personagem recorrente da série de videogames Yakuza, da Sega. Ele é um dos principais protagonistas jogáveis de Yakuza 0 e Yakuza: Dead Souls, bem como da Saga Majima de Yakuza Kiwami 2. Em uma pesquisa de 2018 do portal Siliconera, Majima foi eleito o personagem de Yakuza mais popular.

Criação e desenvolvimento
De acordo com Scott Strichart, que cuidou da localização e produção de vários jogos da série Yakuza, Majima é uma espécie de "palhaço da classe" - alguém com uma "personalidade de palhaço" - o que é o oposto de seu comportamento calmo no prólogo Yakuza 0. No entanto, ele observou que, embora os fãs sentissem que Majima enlouqueceu, o Ryu Ga Gotoku Studio afirmou que ele "fez uma escolha consciente de... se soltar". Isso foi algo que os tradutores acharam desafiador ao localizar o jogo. Strichart apontou que, por meio das interações de Majima com Nishitani, ele obtém uma visão de como alguém assim viveria. O objetivo da equipe de localização era tornar Majima e Kiryu mais agradáveis com suas mudanças, embora Strichart acreditasse que Kiryu era mais popular do que Majima nos países ocidentais.

O produtor da série, Daisuke Sato, contou que desde o lançamento de Yakuza 0, Majima se tornou muito mais popular, a ponto de muitos dos desenvolvedores estarem pensando que pode ser possível criar um novo jogo spin-off focado nele.

Sobre o próximo jogo Judgement, Strichart disse que embora os fãs possam sentir falta de personagens anteriores da Yakuza como Kiryu e Majima, ele espera que eles sejam receptivos a Takayuki Yagami, o protagonista de Judgment.

Aparições
Majima é um dos principais protagonistas jogáveis de Yakuza 0 e da Saga Majima de Yakuza Kiwami 2. Ele também aparece em Yakuza 6: The Song of Life como um personagem secundário, e reaparece como um personagem principal e um aliado invocável ao lado de Saejima em Yakuza: Like a Dragon.

Spinoffs e outras aparições
Fora da série principal da Yakuza, Majima é jogável em Yakuza: Dead Souls, lutando contra um exército de zumbis. Ele também aparece ao lado de Kiryu no jogo crossover Project X Zone 2, bem como em Binary Domain.

No filme Like a Dragon, uma adaptação do primeiro jogo, ele é interpretado por Goro Kishitani. Na peça teatral Ryu ga Gotoku, ele é interpretado por Shunsuke Kubozuka.

O jogo de aventura de 2019 Later Alligator apresenta um personagem chamado "The Knife" que se assemelha a Majima e faz várias referências à série Yakuza.

Recepção
Goro Majima costuma ser popular entre os fãs da saga Yakuza. As canções tocadas durante suas aparições foram compiladas em um CD intitulado Goro Majima's Best Hits, em 2017. Em uma pesquisa de 2018, Majima foi eleito o personagem de Yakuza mais popular.

Yakuza 0

Game Informer o listou como o melhor protagonista em 2017 com base em sua caracterização em Yakuza 0. Vários escritores gostaram do estilo de luta do personagem em Yakuza 0, achando-o mais interessante do que o protagonista usual Kiryu. EGMNOW comentou que gostou do contraste que a dupla teve na narrativa por conta das diferentes missões que tiveram que passar para atingir seus objetivos.GameSpot elogiou muito o arco de Majima neste jogo por mudar para a narrativa, bem como a quantidade de aliados e inimigos que ele faz. Da mesma forma, IGN gostou do tratamento das histórias de Majima e Kiryu, achando-as simples em comparação com Yakuza 5, que o site considerou complicadas. Polygon afirmou que Majima era bem diferente de sua representação nos jogos regulares da série porque nesse caso, se tratava de sua história no passado. Um comentário semelhante foi feito pelo PlayStation Life Style porque Majima e Kiryu mudam ao longo do enredo desta prequela. Jimquisition disse que ambos os personagens eram "protagonistas simpáticos que consistentemente têm que agir como homens heterossexuais em uma variedade de situações estranhas".

Yakuza Kiwami
Destructoid gostou da caracterização cômica em Yakuza Kiwami por causa de suas constantes interações com Kiryu. Game Informer observou que, apesar de não ser jogável com seu tempo de tela mais longo, Majima consegue ajudar o jogador a tornar Kiryu um lutador mais forte. No entanto, criticaram fortemente sua personalidade diferente em Kiwami, chamando-o de "chocante" e acrescentou que Yakuza 0 não conseguiu fechar o arco deste personagem. Ao chamá-lo de "personagem de destaque de Zero", a GameSpot afirmou que gostou dessas interações, pois adicionou mais conteúdo secundário ao remake do primeiro jogo. IGN se referiu a essa versão de Majima como "amavelmente estranha" com base em suas características. Polygon criticou as lutas de Majima por não terem o desafio visto nas lutas contra chefes regulares. Eles acrescentaram que "a intervenção constante de Majima parece um pouco mais arraigada na história, fornecendo alguma profundidade de personagem que faltava no jogo original."

Yakuza Kiwami 2
Em Yakuza Kiwami 2, Destructoid criticou as habilidades "dominantes" de Majima, nas quais os jogadores pressionavam continuamente os mesmos botões para usá-los. Game Informer elogiou a história de Majima neste jogo, pois ajudou a desenvolver ainda mais sua mudança de personagem de Yakuza 0, ao mesmo tempo em que achou seu minijogo revigorante por ser diferente das lutas regulares comuns. Game Revolution concordou, descobrindo que as interações de Majima com Makoto durante sua própria história paralela fornecem mais profundidade ao personagem "favorito dos fãs". Apesar de gostar do personagem, GameSpot o criticou por não ter a progressão de seu próprio personagem durante seus capítulos. IGN fez comentários semelhantes em relação à profundidade de seu personagem, mas achou seu cenário relativamente curto.

Yakuza (série)
Protagonistas da Sega
Personagens masculinos em jogos eletrônicos
Chefes nos jogos eletrônicos
Personagens de jogos eletrônicos de ação e aventura

Goro Majima


Şükran Günü (), ABD ve Kanada'da hasada ve geçmiş yılın tüm nimetlerine şükretmek için kutlanan bir ulusal bayramdır. İki ülke arasındaki enlem farkının getirdiği farklı hasat takvimi nedeniyle, Şükran Günü, Kanada'da Ekim ayının ikinci pazartesi günü, ABD'de ise Kasım ayının dördüncü perşembesinde kutlanır.

Bayramın kökeni, Plymouth'taki ilk İngiliz kolonicilerin (Pilgrimler), Wampanoag(en) Kızılderilileri ile ortak düzenlediklerine inanılan bir hasat yemeği olsa da, günümüzde, Kızılderili unsurlardan ayrışarak, yalnız aile ve Tanrı'ya adanan bir hal almıştır. Özellikle Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'ndeki kutlamalar, mitoloji ve sembolizm açısından zengindir. Hindi, bu günün geleneksel yemeğidir.

Mutfak
Şükran Günü'nde farklı yemekler pişirilmekde ve tüketilmekdedir. En popüler Şükran günü giyecek ve içeceklerine hindi fritözü, tofindi, gravy, alkolsüz elma şarabı, orman fındığı, kızılcık sosu, patates püresi, yam, mısır, menudo, yeşil fasulye güveci, elmalı turta, balkabağı turtası, tatlı patatesli turta ve diğerleri dahildir.

Tarihçe
Bayramın, çeşitli kökenleri vardır. Bir rivayete göre, günümüzde Yeni İngiltere coğrafi bölgesi olarak bilinen ABD'nin en kuzeydoğu köşeninin o dönemdeki yerlisi Wampanoag(en) kabilesi, 1621'de Plymouth'da Amerika kıtasına ilk ayak basan İngiliz yerleşimcilerin (Pilgrimler), bölge coğrafyasına henüz alışamadıklarını gözlemlemiş ve toprağı Avrupa'dan alışkın oldukları mahsullere boyverecek şekilde verimli kılamamaları nedeniyle açlıkla mücadele ettiklerini görmüştür. Kabile, yeni yerleşimcilerin durumuna acımış ve yardımseverlik ve misafirperverlikle kendi av ve mahsullerini paylaşmıştır. İki toplumun barışçıl bir şekilde bir araya gelmesinden ortaya çıkan bu kutlama, gelecekteki Şükran Günü kutlamalarına ilham ve model olmuştur.

Farklı bir rivayete göre bu bayram, Pilgrimlerin Kasım 1621'de topluca kümes hayvanı avlanmaya gitmesi ve büyük bir talihle 50 kişilik gruplarına bir hafta yetecek kadar çok hayvan yakalamasıyla başlamıştır. Hikâyede bu hayvanların hindi olduğu öne sürülse de, gerçekte, avlanması daha kolay olan kaz ve ördek olması ihtimali daha yüksektir. Her durumda, bu bereketli olayı takiben yaklaşık 90 kişilik bir Wampanoag yerli grubu, o dönem henüz birkaç binadan oluşan Plymouth kampına gelmiştir. İngiliz yerleşimciler önce bu beklenmedik ziyaretten tedirgin olsalar da, gruplar kısa sürede kaynaşmış ve Kızılderililerin yanlarında hediye olarak getirdikleri geyik etiyle beraber, birkaç gün süren ortak bir şölen düzenlenmiştir. Açık alanda düzensiz bir şekilde gerçekleşen bu şölende, geyik ve kümes hayvanlarının yanı sıra, muhtemelen deniz ürünleri, sebze ve bira tüketilmiştir. Dil engeli nedeniyle çat-pat anlaşabilen gruplar, aralarında oyunlar ve yarışmalar düzenlemiş, silahlar patlatmışlardır. Verimli bir hasat ve ortak nimetler kutlaması olarak ortaya çıkan bu şölen, Şükran Günü olarak gelenekselleşmiştir.

Bu olay, aynı zamanda iki taraf arasında Kral Philip Savaşı'na(:en:King Philip's War) kadar sürecek bir barışın temellerini atmıştır. 1675-1678 yılları arasında gerçekleşen ve Casco Koyu Atlaşması ile son bulan bu savaşta, yüzlerce kolonici ve binlerce Kızılderili hayatını kaybetmiştir.

Plymouth'a yerleşen ilk kolonicilerin üçte birinden fazlası İngiltere'deki Prutan Kilisesi'nin radikal bir koluna mensuplardı. Anavatanlarındaki dinî baskı ve zulümlerden kaçarak önce Hollanda'ya, sonra da Amerika'ya gelmişlerdi. Seyahatlerinin dinî boyutu nedeniyle bu ilk yerleşimcilere sonradan (1800'lerde) Pilgrim (hacı) veya Pilgrim Fathers (Hacı Atalar) denmeye başlandı. Plymouth'un ilk Valisi William Bradford'a(en) ait bir belgede Hollanda'dan gelen yerleşimcilerden "Aziz" diye bahsedilir.

1863'de Başkan Abraham Lincoln Şükran Günü'nün ulusal bayram olmasını önerir, ancak bu öneri, 1941'de Kongre'de karara bağlanır ve her yılın Kasım ayının son perşembesi Şükran Günü olarak ulusal bayram ilan edilir.

Şükran Günü, Kızılderililer arasında ise Yas Günü olarak kutlanmaktadır.

Zerdüştlükte
Şükran günü geleneği dünyanın en eski tek tanrılı dinlerinden biri kabul edilen Zerdüştlükte de kendisine yer bulmaktadır. Jashan adı altında bilinen bu gün takvimde özel olarak belirlenmemiştir. Yakın zamanda meydana gelen olaylar üzerine de gerçekleştirilebilen küçük festival özelliği taşırlar. Bazı Jashanlarda mobedlerin (Zerdüşt rahipler) katılımı gereklidir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Haber7-Şükran Günü Haberi

Ayrıca bakınız
 Şükran Günü (ABD)

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri tarihi
Toplumda tarım
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde bayramlar
Kanada'da bayramlar
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri'nde folklor
Kanada'da folklor
Yemek öğünleri
Yiyecek ve içecek takdiri
Özel günler
Kasım'da belirli gün ve haftalar
Pazartesi
Laik tatil türleri
Sonbahar festivalleri
Hasat festivalleri
Ekim'de belirli gün ve haftalar

Şükran Günü


إذا أردنا أن نعرف ما هو الفشل فعلينا أولا أن نعرف ما هو النجاح لأنهما متناقضان وتعريفيهما صور عكسية لكل واحد منهما مع الآخر. فالفشل يتناسب تناسبا عكسيا مع النجاح. فالنجاح موجود في حياتنا اليومية ونعيشه كل يوم بل عدة مرات في اليوم وكذلك الفشل والنجاح أشبه بالتوفيق والفشل بعدم التوفيق ولا نستطيع أن نقيس مدى النجاح والفشل أو نحدد معاييرها فالنجاح كالسناء يلمع في الظلام.

وللنجاح تفسير تقليدي وهو يعتبر فسح مرور أو إشباع رغبة أو حاجة معينة لتحقيق هدف منها من وراء النجاح، وإن لم يتحقق كان الفشل.

فالنجاح هو ناتج معادلة تقول: التوفيق مع الجد والاجتهاد = النجاح أما الفشل فهو ناتج من تقصيرنا وعدم إعطاء النجاح حقه لتحقيقه ولكننا طالما نرمي جبة الفشل على منصة الحظ والظروف والحقيقة كل هذا نسلي به أنفسنا ونغطي به عيوبنا في التقصير وعدم الإخلاص للنجاح وتحقيقه.

وإذا كان النجاح يلمع في السماء كالقمر المنير الذي يجذب الناس بسناه المنير، أي بنجاحه ليلفت الأنظار إليه والفشل يكون دائما حبيس نفس صاحبه الذي يحاول قدر المستطاع إخفاءه عن الناس لكي لا يعرفوا أنه لم يوفق في تحقيق النجاح فالفشل في نفس صاحبه هم كبير يحاول إخفاءه ولكن بلا أي جدوى.

والفشل لا بد من أن يقابل كل إنسان في حياته في أي مجال فهل أنت تحقق كل شيء تسعى له من أول مرة مهما يكن هذا الشيء إن شاء الله قد يتحقق وقد لا يتحقق بمشيئة الله أيضا بلا شك ولن ننسى أن الفشل هو طريق النجاح، فهناك من يفشل ويفشل ويضع في ذهنه أن الشيء الذي أمامه معقد وقد تعقد منه ولكنه خطأ لأنه لم يحاول أن يعطى النجاح حقه ليحققه.

كما أنه سيجد دوافع النجاح لديه في شيء آخر مما يؤدي به للإبداع وتحقيق أعظم نجاح.

وليس من العيب أن يفشل الشخص في أول محاولة له ولربما في عدة محاولات ما دام أنه يحاول ولكن العيب أن يستمر الشخص في الفشل أو يسلم بالفشل. بل لا بد من أن يحاول أن يعطي النجاح حقه ليحققه لأن التسليم بالفشل والظن بأنه شيء معقد لا تستطيع تحقيقه ليس له صحة فكل شيء بالجد والعمل والبحث يسهل.

وما أروع حساب النفس في كل الحالين ففي النجاح يكون الرضا والحمد على ما تحقق، ودافع لتحقيق الكثير.

أما في حالة الفشل إن حصل حساب للنفس فقد أقفل باب الفشل في هذا المجال بحساب النفس لأن النتيجة هي الندم على ما فات والأسف على التقصير نحو النجاح واكتشاف أسباب الفشل ومعرفة أسباب النجاح ومن المؤكد سوف يقوم الشخص بمعالجتها والتخلص من رواسب الفشل وهذا دافع للحماس لدفع عجلة الحياة نحو النجاح وإعطائه حقه لتحقيقه.

أنواع الفشل

تختلف طرق تصنيف الفشل حسب حجمه أو طبيعة تأثيره أو طبيعة الحدث المرافق له، فهناك الفشل الصغير في قضية ثانوية، والفشل الضخم الذي يترك آثاره على حياة الإنسان كاملة.

وهناك الفشل الذي يتعلق كلياً بشخص واحد، أو فشل يخوضه إنسان مع جماعة (كهزيمة فريق كرة السلة، أو هزيمة دولة ما في حرب.

وهناك الفشل الحاضر الذي نعيشه، والفشل الذي قد يكون منتهياً لكنه يلقي بظلاله على حياتنا الحاضرة، فيتدخل بآثاره في تفاصيل ما نفعله، الأمر الذي يدفع بنا إلى الخوف، أو التردد أو الضعف في معالجة مشاكل حياتنا والاستمتاع بما حققنا من إنجازات ونجاحات.

نجد أيضاً الفشل المفاجئ الذي قد يشكل صدمة للإنسان المأخوذ به بغتة، فيشل قدرته على التفكير، وقد يؤثر في صحته أحياناً، ونجد الفشل الذي يأتي على مراحل، ويستطيع من يمر بتجربة كهذه أن يتبين حصول هذا الفشل، فيمتلك الوقت الكافي لتلافيه أو التقليل من الخسائر المترتبة منه.

هناك تصنيف آخر للفشل وفقاً لنوع الوظيفة الحياتية التي يؤديها، فنجد الفشل العاطفي والفشل الدراسي والفشل المهني أو المالي والفشل السياسي والفشل الصحي، وقد نجد أحياناً فشلاً بسيطاً أو فشلاً مركباً في أكثر من ناحية من نواحي الحياة.

مستويات الفشل

يصنف العاملون في الحقل النفسي الفشل حسب درجة تعقيده وسهولة التعامل معه وفقاً لما يلي:

الفشل الكارثي

حيث يقود تزايد الضغوط والعراقيل في عملية نفسية معينة، مترافقة مع مشاكل في العمل أو الدراسة أو الحياة الزوجية إلى انهيار مفاجئ، عاصف وشامل، في بنية الإنسان النفسية ويؤدي إلى فقده القدرة على إدارة وظائفها اليومية، وفشل كلي في المسألة التي هي موضوع الأزمة، فينهار الزواج أو تُشتّت الأسرة، أو يفقد الشخص المعني عمله، وغالباً ما يترافق ذلك بدخول الإنسان حالة من العجز التام، وعدم القدرة على المحاولة من جديد.

الفشل المعقّد

هو حالة صعبة من الفشل، ولكنها لا تؤدي إلى انهيار الإنسان وعجزه عن إدارة شؤون حياته، وتبقى الآمال موجودة في تجاوز أزمته، ولكن ذلك يحتاج إلى مساعدة خارجية يقدمها له محبوه وأصدقاؤه، وبعض المتخصصين الذين يستطيعون أن يرشدوه إلى الطريق الصحيح في التعامل مع المشاكل التي يواجهها.

الفشل السهل

وهي حالة شائعة، مر بها أكثر الناس، وتتمثل في فشل محدود، في مسألة معينة، قد تثير في الإنسان بعض الشعور بالإحباط، والرغبة بالتعويض، إلا أنها سهلة التجاوز، وهي تشبه انكسار حلقة في سلسلة، قد تعيق عملها برهةً، ولكن سرعان ما يمكن تقريب الحلقات الصحيحة الأخرى ووصلها من جديد، لتعود سلسلة الحياة إلى تتابعها.

أهم أسباب الفشــل

هناك أسباب عديدة، بل وقد تكون بسيطة ولكنها تؤدى إلى الفشل. إحفظها عن ظهر قلب حتى تتجنبها تماما لتنجح. من أهم هذه الأسباب:

عدم فعــل شيء

هذا السبب هو العامل الأكبر لفشل كثير من الأشخاص والأعمال. يجلس الشخص دون أن يفعل أي شئ وينتظر النجاح. لا تعمل ــ لا تتصرف ــ لا نتيجة. هذا شئ مرعب. كيف يستطيع أي فرد أن يحقق أي شئ في الحياة إذا كان لا يعمل ويجتهد ويثابر أيضا. لماذا يفعل الفرد ذلك وهو يعرف أن الجمود والتوقف عن العمل لن يأتي بنتيجة أو يعود بالفائدة على أي مشروع؟ في اعتقادي إن ذلك يحدث لأن الفرد يخاف من الفشل. عادة ما يظن أنه إذا حاول عمل شئ سيفشل. كثير من الناس يخافون من الفشل. منهم من فشل مرات ومرات ولكنه لم ييأس وحاول مستفيدا من أخطائه وتعلم منها حتى نجح. ما المخيف من الفشل؟ إن الطفل يقع عشرات المرات بل وقد يصاب بجروح حتى يستطيع الوقوف ثم المشي. الإنسان يتعلم من فشله الأسباب التي أدت لذلك فيتجنبها في المرة التالية فيحقق ما يتمناه من نجاح. هذه هي الحياة إذا لم تفشل بالمرة لن تنجح بالمرة. هكذا ببساطة.

إنجاز نصف العمل

يتحمس الفرد في بداية العمل لمجموعة من الأفكار أو الاستراجيات. يحاول أن يعمل عليها جميعا. هل يمكن لإنسان أن يقوم بعمل أكثر من شئ في وقت واحد؟ هذا الشخص لا يعطى الوقت الكافي لكل واحدة مما يريد عمله وبذلك ينجز النصف أو حتى جزء من العمل ثم يتعجب لماذا فشلت كل الأفكار والاستراجيات. إذا شغلت يدك بأكثر من عمل لن تنجز شيئا وبالتالي لن تربح شيئا. ركز على واحدة فقط من الأفكار اعمل عليها حتى تكتمل ثم انتقل لغيرها بذلك تحقق النجاح. واحدة تلو الأخرى تنجح جميعها وتدر الربح. لا تنشغل بأكثر من عمل في وقت واحد وإلا لن تكتمل أي منها وتفشل جميعها. إنك بذلك تسعى للفشل الذريع. كما أن فقدان الحماس يجعلك تقف في نصف الطريق ولا تكمل ما بدأت عمله. حفز نفسك لتظل تعمل بنفس الحماس حتى تكمل ما تريد تحقيقه وتنجح فيه.

عدم الثبات في ما تفعل

إن أحد مفاتيح النجاح هي أن تثبت وتثابر على ما تعمل. إن أي عمل لا يكتمل إلا إذا كان يتم طبقا لخطوات محددة وتستمر في تتبعها حتى تكتمل كل الخطوات. ما يتم طبقا لنظام يعمل بصورة صحيحة مهما كان الأسلوب الذي تتبعه. عادة يٌصدم الشخص عندما لا يجد النتيجة التي يتمناها بعد إتمام خطوة أو اثنتين فقط من مجموعة الخطوات المطلوبة. إن التسرع واختصار الخطوات لا يفيد إذا لم تطبق العملية كاملة. لا تختصر بعض الخطوات لأنك تريد الوصول بسرعة للخاتمة حتى تبدأ في جنى الأرباح. تأكد إنك بعمل ذلك لن تحقق شيئا ويصبح الفشل أكيدا. يجب أن تستمر في تنفيذ جميع الخطوات والالتزام بتسلسلها حتى تحقق النجاح.

عدم وجود خطة واضحة

النجاح لا يحدث فجأة أو صدفة إلا في الروايات والأحلام، وإن حدث لبعض الأشخاص يكون نادرا. يجب أن تضع خطة قبل البدأ في تنفيذ العمل. خطط للنجاح. خطط كم تريد أن تحقق في فترة معينة، وما هي الإستراتيجية التي ستتبعها لتنفيذ ذلك. التخطيط ليس بسر كبير، إنه فقط يحتاج وقتا والتزاما. قد يسمع شخص يقول لا أريد أن أضع خطة لأننى قد أغير رأيي في أي مرحلة من التنفيذ. هذا سخيف. يمكنك تغيير وتطوير خطتك في أي وقت لأن الأصل فيها أن تكون مرنة قابلة للتعديل والتبديل. ضع هدفا كبيرا أو صغيرا أو حتى اختر آخر مختلف تماما، ولكن دون خطة لن تصل لشئ. ستظل الأفكار أفكارا لا تنفذ لأن خارطة العمل (الخطة) غير موجودة. إن تكرار ما تفعله دائما ستحصل على نفس النتائج كل مرة. ولكن مع وجود خطة مرنة يمكن تعديلها مع تطور أفكارك تضمن لك النجاح وتبعد عنك الفشل.

التكــــاسل

التكاسل والتراخي هما من الأسباب الشائعة للفشل. عندما نسمع عبارة «سأفعل ذلك غدا» نتأكد إن شيئا لن يتم. هذا التكاسل عند بعض الأفراد أدى لفشلهم وفشل مشاريعهم. ماذا في أن يكون الشيء غير كامل. الأهم أن تستمر في عملك وتنجز الجزء وراء الآخر حتى تنتهي ويكمل العمل. لا تجعل سعيك وراء الكمال في ما تعمل سببا لتتكاسل. المهم أن تنهض وتنفذ حتى يكتمل العمل بصورة صحيحة تأتي بالناتج الصحيح المتوقع. المهم أن تعمل وتجتهد وتستمر حتى تحقق النجاح مهما كانت النسبة التي تحققت منه. لا تتكاسل وتجعل سعيك وراء الكمال حجتك للتكاسل والتراخي أو التأجيل. انهض وتخلص من التكاسل حتى تنجح ولا تكن من الفاشلين.الكمال يأتي مع الوقت والعمل وزيادة الخبرة وليس بالجلوس ساكنا منتظرا أن يأتي النجاح بنفسه.

الفشل في العلم

Thomas J. Watson قال "إذا كنت تريد أن تنجح، عليك أن تضاعف ضربات الفشل". محرر مجلة Wired Magazine كيفن كيلي Kevin Kelly يفسر إنه يمكن تعلم الكثير من الأمور التي تسير بشكل غير متوقع، وإن حفظ الأخطاء هو جزء من نجاح العلم". إنه يستخدم المثال من المهندسين والمبرمجين الذين يدفعون الأنظمة لحدودها، وكسر قواعدها لهم للتعلم عليهم أكثر من الأخطاء. كيلي يحذر أيضا ضد خلق ثقافة (مثل نظام المدارس) أن يعاقب الفشل بقسوة، لأن هذا يمنع عملية الإبداعية، ويمنع تعليم الناس من التواصل مع الآخرين والتعلم من فشل تجاربهم.

انظر أيضاً
 إعداد الفشل
 أيديولوجية الإنجاز.
 تحليل الإخفاق الميكانيكي.
 معدل الإخفاق.
 قانون مورفي.
 تنقيح برمجي.
 هندسة الإنتاج.
 منتج (اقتصاد).
 مقاومة الشد.
 هندسة عكسية.
 فشل السوق.

اقرأ المزيد
 Perrow, Charles. Normal Accidents: Living with High-Risk Technologies. New York: Basic Books, 1983. Paperback reprint, Princeton, N.J.: دار نشر جامعة برنستون، 1999. ISBN 0-691-00412-9
 Sandage, Scott A. Born Losers: A History of Failure in America. Cambridge, Massachusetts: دار نشر جامعة هارفارد، 2005. ISBN 0-674-01510-X, ISBN 0-674-02107-X

روابط خارجية
 Designing Building Failures
 Know Your Meme: FAIL
 .
 Association for the Study of Failure from Japan

مراجع

صيانة
هندسة الاعتمادية

فشل


Hrvatska udruga kolekcionara bajoneta Trolist (HUKB Trolist) neprofitna je udruga građana osnovana s ciljem promicanja, razvitka i unapređenja kolekcionarstva općenito, a posebno kolekcionarstva bajoneta i hladnog oružja kako u Hrvatskoj tako i u svijetu. Udruga je registrirana pri Gradskom uredu za opću upravu Grada Zagreba i upisana u Registar udruga Republike Hrvatske.

Skupina kolekcionara militarije odlučila je 2009. godine okupiti se u udruzi te svojim radom i znanjem pridonijeti očuvanju i razvoju hrvatske kulturne tradicije. Iz tih je pobuda 2010. godine osnovana Hrvatska udruga kolekcionara militarije Trolist, no kako se s vremenom profilirao krug kolekcionara bajoneta, udruga je 2012. godine promijenila ime u Hrvatska udruga kolekcionara bajoneta Trolist. Promjena imena označila je ujedno i glavni smjer djelovanja udruge, ali nikako nije lišila članstva ostale kolekcionare. Budući da se dio članova bavi sakupljanjem hrvatskog ratnog znakovlja, 2015. godine osnovan je Klub kolekcionara hrvatskog ratnog znakovlja kao posebno radno tijelo unutar udruge. Unatoč predrasudama i izrazito teškom početku, udruga je s vremenom uspjela promovirati različite oblike kolekcionarstva te na taj način osvijestiti i potrebu za očuvanjem još jednog oblika hrvatske kulturne tradicije.

Usko specijalizirana grupa članova - entuzijasta i stručnjaka organizira brojne domaće i međunarodne sajmove, druženja, izložbe i slične manifestacije. Članovi udruge redovito posjećuju sva važnija kolekcionarska događanja ne samo u Hrvatskoj već i u svijetu. Svakodnevno usavršavaju svoja znanja i razvijaju se kao stručnjaci za pojedina područja.

HUKB Trolist na svojim projektima surađuje s brojnim institucijama, udrugama i istaknutim pojedincima poput Ministarstva obrane, Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova, Vojnim muzejom, Hrvatskom udrugom vojnih minijaturista. brojnim muzejima, galerijama i drugim institucijama. Mediji su također pomogli razbiti predrasude vezane za sakupljanje hladnog oružja i militarije općenito na način da su aktivnostima udruge posvetili pažnju u Dnevniku Hrvatske radio televizije i drugim emisijama.

Članovi HUKB Trolist godišnje organiziraju dva do tri Međunarodna susreta kolekcionara militarije koje redovito posjećuju uz domaće posjetitelje gosti iz Bosne i Hercegovine, Češke, Italije, Mađarske, Makedonije, SAD-a, Slovenije i drugih zemalja. Također članovi i simpatizeri udruge nekoliko puta godišnje organiziraju izložbe predmeta iz svojih kolekcija. Do sada najveća izložba bila je "Vojska pobjednika" koju je organizirala HUKB Trolist u suradnji s Vojnim muzejom MORH-a povodom 25 godina početka Domovinskog rata.

Niti jedan član udruge nije nikada dobio naknadu za svoje djelovanje u udruzi. Svi članovi kao i vodstvo rade isključivo dobrovoljno i bez naknade za obavljeni posao. Sakupljajući hladno oružje članovi udruge ne izlažu i ne slave oruđe uništenja i kaosa – tek umeću malene dijelove u mozaik nepregledne prošlosti ljudskoga roda kako bi buduće generacije mogle nesmetano spoznati i još više cijeniti plodove mira.

Izložbe koje je organizirala HUKB Trolist
 Izložba Martina Čatera Vojna povijest, 24. veljače 2018.
 Izložba Opinel noževa i alata, Zagreb, 9. rujna 2017.
 Izložba Prva gardijska brigada Tigrovi, Zagreb, 27. svibnja 2017.
 Izložba Wehrmacht (u suradnji s Vojnim muzejom MORH-a), Zagreb, 18. veljače 2017.
 Izložba ratnog vojnog znakovlja pripadnika HOS-a, Zagreb, 22. listopada 2016.
 Vojska pobjednika (u suradnji s Vojnim muzejom MORH-a), Zagreb, 27. svibnja - 24. lipnja 2016.
 Izložba minijatura vatrogasnih vozila (u suradnji s Vedranom Runjićem, višim stručnim savjetnikom za muzejsku djelatnost i kustosom Muzeja hrvatskog vatrogastva), Zagreb, 11. lipnja 2016.
 Oznake policije iz Domovinskog rata, Zagreb 27. veljače 2016.
 Izložbeni postav vojne i ratne povijesti (u suradnji s Muzejom vojne i ratne povijesti iz Pakraca), Zagreb, 26. rujna 2015.
 Ratna mornarica Nezavisne Države Hrvatske, Zagreb, 7. ožujka 2015.
 Skandinavske bajonete, Zagreb, 7. ožujka 2015.
 Izložba vatrogasnih šljemova i kapa, Zagreb, 7. ožujka 2015.
 Izložba Koprivnica u Prvom svjetskom ratu 1914. – 1918. (u suradnji s Muzejom grada Koprivnice izložene KUK bajoneta HUKB Trolista), Koprivnica, 12. prosinca 2014. do 31. siječnja 2015.
 Izložba bajoneta iz Prvog svjetskog rata (u suradnji s Hrvatskom udrugom vojnih minijaturista), Zagreb, 08. – 14. prosinca 2014.
 Hladno oružje iz Domovinskog rata, Zagreb, 04. listopada 2014.
 Ratno znakovlje iz Domovinskog rata, Zagreb, 04. listopada 2014.
 Izbor bajoneta iz kolekcije Dražena Horačeka, Zagreb, 13. rujna 2014.
 Izbor bajoneta iz kolekcije Damira Vukovića, Koprivnica, 18. svibnja 2014.
 Vojni satovi Prvog i Drugog svjetskog rata (u usradnji s Perom Radićem), Zagreb, 17. svibnja 2014.
 Izložba Kriegmarine, Zagreb, 17. svibnja 2014.
 Izložba bajoneta članova HUKB Trolist, (u sklopu maketarskog kupa Crna kraljica) Zagreb, 14. rujna 2013.
 Izložba bajoneta članova HUKB Trolist (u sklopu manifestacije Podravski motivi), Koprivnica, 28. – 30. lipnja 2013.

Kolekcionarska događanja koje je organizirala HUKB Trolist
 Jedanaesti međunarodni susret kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 24. veljače 2018.
 Deseti međunarodni susret kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 7. listopada 2017.
 Deveti međunarodni susret kolekcionara antikviteta, Zagreb, 27. svibnja 2017.
 Osmi međunarodni susret kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 18. veljače 2017.
 Sedmi međunarodni susret kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 22. listopada 2016.
 Šesti međunarodni susret kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 11. travnja 2016.
 Peti međunarodni sajam kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 27. veljače 2016.
 Četvrti međunarodni sajam kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 16. rujna 2015.
 Treći međunarodni sajam kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 07. ožujka 2015.
 Drugi međunarodni sajam kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 04. listopada 2014.
 Prvi međunarodni sajam kolekcionara militarije, Zagreb, 17. svibnja 2014.
 Izložbeno prodajni sajam kolekcionarstva (u suradnji s Varaždinskim klubom kolekcionara), Varaždin, 11. prosinca 2010.
 Vremeplov - izložbeno prodajni sajam (u suradnji s Kino klubom Dubrava), Zagreb, 13. studenoga 2010.
 Vremeplov - izložbeno prodajni sajam (u suradnji s Kino klubom Dubrava), Zagreb, 09. listopada 2010.
 Proljetni izložbeno prodajni sajam militarije, Zagreb, 17. travnja 2010.
 Treći izložbeno prodajni sajam militarije (u suradnji s UHDDR Dubrava), Zagreb 14. studenoga 2009.

Izvori
 Službene web stranice udruge
 O izložbi "Vojska pobjednika"
 "Hrvatski vojnik" o izložbi "Vojska pobjednika"
 "HRT magazin" o HUKB Trolist
 HUVM o HUKB Trolist

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene web stranice HUKB Trolist

Hrvatske udruge


An Hyparrhenia gossweileri in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Otto Stapf. An Hyparrhenia gossweileri in nahilalakip ha genus nga Hyparrhenia, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Hyparrhenia

Hyparrhenia gossweileri


المباراة الودية في الرياضة هي المباراة التي لا تكون لها مناسبة، إنما يلعبها الفريقان لرفع المستوى وكشف الأخطاء والاستعداد للاستحقاقات المهمة.

المصارعة
كانت المصارعات الاستعراضية أمر شائع، شارك جاك دمبسي في الكثير من المصارعات الاستعراضية قبل تقاعده.

مراجع

مصطلحات تستخدم في رياضات متعددة
مصطلحات كرة القدم
منافسات كرة قدم ودية

مباراة ودية


is a Japanese actor, singer, television host, radio personality. He was the youngest member of SMAP, one of the best-selling boy band in Asia. After the group's disbandment on 31 December 2016, Katori has been pursuing his solo career. He left Johnny & Associates on 9 September 2017, together with two other SMAP members, Goro Inagaki and Tsuyoshi Kusanagi and entered CULEN, a Japanese talent agency. On 22 September 2017, they launched a new project, "atarashiichizu" ("新しい地図", meaning "New Map") as their common fan site, supported by various Japanese leading creators. Since then, Katori has been extending his activities also into artistic fields.

Early life
Katori was born in Yokohama, Kanagawa and moved to Tokyo to pursue his career. He has one younger brother.

Career as a pop star

Music

In 1987, at age 10, Katori auditioned for Johnny & Associates, a Japanese talent agency that recruits and trains young boys, preteens to teens, to become singers and members of boy bands. After five of the other band members auditioning individually from 1986 through 1987, in autumn 1987, twenty boys, from ages ten to seventeen, were put together into a group called The Skate Boys, which was initially created as backup dancers for a famous boy band, Hikaru Genji. In April 1988, producer Johnny Kitagawa chose six out of the twenty boys to create a new boy band and named them "SMAP".

On January 1, 2020, Katori released his first solo album, entitled "20200101". The album features songs written by Katori, as well as collaborations with artists such as TeddyLoid, BiSH, Kreva, Kishidan, and Scha Dara Parr, and more. The album is said to be a celebration of the year 2020, with both the 2020 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Paralympics were scheduled to be held during that year. In 2021, Katori held his first solo concert entitled "Sakura Saku Rekishi Aru Meijiza de 20200101 ni Wani Wa Waiwai Katori Shingo", at the Meiji-za from April 4, 2021, to April 29, 2021. Katori also live streamed the last day of the concert on the streaming platform AbemaTV.

Katori's second solo album entitled "Tokyo SNG" was released on April 13, 2022. Inspired by numerous styles of jazz, from standard style to big band jazz, Katori wished to evoke the feeling of hearing "jazz in a tuxedo". He also contributed to writing some of the songs on the album, such as the titular "Tokyo SNG",  "Kongaragatte", "Shingopation", and "Catharsis", to name a few. The album also features collaborations with WONK, Atarashii Gakko!, and the Zazen Boys.

On January 3, 2023,  it was announced that Katori would be collaborating with popular K-Pop group Seventeen for a brand new song entitled "BETTING", to serve as the theme song for fellow ex-SMAP member Tsuyoshi Kusanagi's latest drama, War of Traps. Katori had met the group the year prior, leading to them collaborating on a song together. BETTING was co-produced by Katori, PLEDIS Entertainment producuer Bumzu, and SEVENTEEN member Woozi. Katori serves as the main vocal on the track, performing alongside SEVENTEEN's Mingyu, Jeonghan, and Seungkwan. It was released on streaming platforms on January 17, 2023.

Acting
In 1988, he made his acting debut in a television series, Abunai Shonen III, along with his band members. After several supporting roles, in 1996, he landed his first major role in a drama television series, Tomei Ningen, which became a massive success. He has also starred in many high-rated television series, such as Hito ni Yasashiku (2002), Saiyuki (2006), and Bara no nai Hanaya (2008). In 2004, he starred in NHK's Taiga drama, Shinsengumi!. He is also a member of the Mitani Crew, a core group of actors that Japanese playwright Kōki Mitani tends to use in his work.

In 2021, Katori starred in TV Tokyo's drama entitled Anonymous: Keishicho "Yubisatsujin" Taisakushitsu. This was his first lead role on a TV Tokyo drama series, as well as his first broadcast drama series after five years. He also performed the main theme for the series, entitled "Anonymous (feat. WONK)", and released it on both digital storefronts and streaming platforms on February 1, 2021.

Shingo Mama
From October 1998, Nakai and Katori launched their own variety program, SataSma, which was created and aimed towards younger viewers and families. Katori starred in a segment titled, "Shingo Mama's Secret Breakfast", where Katori would cross-dress into a character called "Shingo Mama", and visit houses to cook breakfast for children instead of their mother, allowing her to sleep in and rest in the morning. Katori started to use the phrase, "Ohha", a pun for "Ohayo", meaning "good morning", during the segment as his trademark phrase, which soon became a popular word used among children. Shingo Mama, the lovable character Katori played, and the phrase "Ohha", became a social phenomenon. As a result, SMAP incidentally brought in kindergartners and preteens to their fan base.

On 16 August 2000, Katori released a single, "Shingo Mama's Oha Rock", as Shingo Mama, which reached number one on the charts with over 1,200,000 physical copies sold and became a social phenomenon. In December 2000, the trademark phrase "Ohha", used by Katori, won the Ryukougo Taisho, an annual traditional event of announcing words that describes that year. From 2000 to 2001, Shingo Mama promoted the use of Ohha as part of a Ministry of Education campaign to encourage family communication.

Artistic career
"I've always loved painting for as long as I can remember," he said in an interview in his first book of illustration collection. He thinks he came to like painting because of the family background (his further was an art dealer). Katori displayed his artistic talent also at SMAP's concerts. He became in charge for staging of the concert tours, beginning from "super.modern.artistic.performance" (2008) through "We are SMAP" (2010) and "Gift of SMAP" (2012) until "Mr. S – saikou de saikou no CONCERT TOUR" (2014).

Katori has been creating and engaged in various artworks and projects:

 Painting on Tsugaru Railway's train car (1997). As a special project in the SMAP's long-run television variety show, "SMAPxSMAP", Katori painted a train car together with local children. After the car ended its service in 2000, it was kept at Kanagi Station for the purpose of exhibition, then moved to Kase Station. In 2017, 20 years after the painting was made, Katori visited the Kase Station again in a TV show ("Oja MAP!!") in order to restore the work. The car is now one of the touristic attractions in the region and visited by Katori's fans.
 Shingo no Itazura, an illustration collection book (1998), contains pictures published on magazine Wink Up and some new works created for this book.
 SNAP NO SHINGO, a photo diary for the period of one year from 16 October 2004 until 15 October 2005. The pictures were originally taken for "SmaTIMES" weekly paper published by a TV news variety show "SmaSTATION".
 Painting "Takarabako" ("Treasure Box", 2011). Appointed as an ambassador for a Cirque du Soleil show called "Kooza" in Japan, he painted a picture on a large canvas (1,800 x 1,500 mm), featuring characters and contents of the show. The painting was exhibited in the foyer during the Kooza's performance in Japan.
 Artwork "Kūsō Tamago" ("Fantasy Egg", 2014). After successful mission for "Kooza", Katori was again appointed as an ambassador for the next Cirque du Soleil"s performance in Japan, "OVO" and created an artwork featuring its motive "ovo", which means an "egg" in Portuguese. The artwork accompanied the show around Japan.
 Fashion Photo Book Fuku Baka Shifukubon (roughly "a book of happiest private wardrobe of a fashion freak", 2014). A photo book featuring Katori, known as a fashion freak, in his private clothes, coordinated by a noted fashion stylist, Tomoki Sukezane. For this book, Katori's private wardrobe was transported from his flat to the photo studio by two 2-ton trucks. The estimated total value of the "collection" built-up over 15 years was 200 million Yen.
 Art Exhibition "Museum of Together" held by The Nippon Foundation, at Aoyama Spiral Garden, Tokyo, Japan for 13–31 October 2017. With other 22 artists, Katori joined in the exhibition with his two paintings, "Hinotori" ("Fire Bird", 2014) and "Isoge mada maniau" ("Hurry Up, We Are Going to Be on Time", 2010). It was his first participation in an art exhibition.
 A special exhibition celebrating the 100th anniversary of Cartier's icon watch TANK, at Cartier in Roppongi Hills, Tokyo, Japan for 28 October – 26 November 2017. Inspired by the legendary timepiece of the French luxury brand, Katori created a painting and an art work.
 Graffiti in Hong Kong, at the corner of Hollywood Road and Shalley Street, Old Town Central, unveiled on 27 March 2018. Requested by Hong Kong Tourism Board, a government-subvented body, Katori completed the graffiti on a 4.5m-high and 6m-wide wall beside the Mid-Levels Escalator within 18 hours. As the project was to be kept confidential, he worked with the covered wall for 3 continuous nights from midnight until 6 am.
 Exhibition "NAKAMA de ART" at the Imperial Hotel Plaza, Tokyo, Japan for 24 May – 24 June 2018. Together with 13 emerging artists he selected, Katori organized an art gallery under the name of "NAKAMA de ART". A literal translation of "nakama" is "buddy" or "mate", so the exhibition title could roughly mean "Let's do art together".
Car Wrapping on BMW X2 (2018). Appointed as a "Brand Friend" of a BMW's SUV model X2, Katori was featured in its concept movie (a part of which was streamed also as TV advertisement later) and designed the car wrapping. The wrapped vehicle was exhibited at some special events.
Fashion Brand and Permanent Pop-up Shop "jantje_ontembaar". Together with a noted stylist Tomoki Sukezane who knows Katori over 20 years, Katori started-up a fashion brand and opened its own boutique at the Imperial Hotel Plaza under concept "Permanent Pop-up Shop", meaning "a shop with ever changing contents for an unlimited period of time". The brand collaborates with well-respected manufacturers such as Sanyo Coat (by Sanyo Shokai), MINEDENIM and Borsalino. The brand name "jantje_ontembaar" comes from Dutch words "jantje" and "ontembaar" which are said to be origins of Japanese words "yancha" and "otenba", naughty boy and girl. With that, Katori and Sukezane want to encourage people to keep a heart of a child and think out-of-the-box.
 Exhibition "NAKAMA des ARTS" in Hall Charles V in the Louvre Museum (Carrousel du Louvre), Paris, France for 19 September – 3 October 2018. Katori's first solo exhibition occurred within the framework of Japonismes 2018, a cultural festival organized by France and Japan to celebrate the 160th anniversary of diplomatic relation between the two countries.
Painting of Tokyo Tower. On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the Tokyo Tower, the national public broadcasting of Japan, NHK put a special program "Miagereba anata wa itsumo sokoni" ("Thank you for being there every time when I look up") on air on 22 December 2018. In this program, Katori painted a picture featuring the Tokyo Tower. Katori often says that he likes the Tokyo Tower very much and the tower has been encouraging him a lot since he started his career in show business as a 11-year-old boy. In this work, he put colors on a night scenic photo of Tokyo he took by himself. It was the first time he utilized this art technique. The painting was exhibited on the Main Deck of the Tokyo Tower for the period from 2 February until 8 March 2019, then in "boum! boum! boum!" (see below), Katori's first solo exhibition in Japan after the world's premiere in Paris, France in 2018.
Painting "New Year Woman". For the first issue of a triannual magazine, Shūkanbunshun Woman, launched on 29 December 2019, Katori created a picture on a 1303 x 970 mm canvas. Shūkanbunshun is a well-established weekly magazine started in 1959, published by a leading Japanese publishing company, Kabushikigaisha Bungeishunjū (Bungeishunjū Ltd.). Shūkanbunshun Woman is its special edition targeting female readers. The picture is to be seen in Katori's exhibition "boum! boum! boum!" (see below).
Blog "kūsō fantejī" ("fantasy" in Japanese and in French). Starting from 1 January 2019, he has been posting a short fantasy story almost every day with a black-and-white picture he paints. These pictures form a part of his exhibition "boum! boum! boum!" (see below).
Painting "Freedom Gan'nen" ("First Year of Freedom"), exhibited in front of Tokyo Midtown Hibiya for the New Year's period of 2 – 14 January 2019, then in "boum! boum! boum!" (see below). Four canvases were made to a one big square canvas with a side longer than 4 meters. The character the creation features stands for a "pig" as 2019 is a year of the pig in Japanese traditional calendar with twelve earthly branches.
Exhibition "boum! boum! boum!" for 15 March – 16 June 2019 in IHI Stage Around Tokyo in Toyosu, Tokyo. Katori's first solo exhibition in Japan after the world's premiere in Paris in 2018. The event title "boum! boum! boum!" stands for a pounding heart in French. The concept of the exhibition, which is designed more like a show than an art exhibition, is "Looking inside Shingo Katori". After watching a short film on the seats of the innovative theater, in which the audience area rotates 360 degrees, the visitors are requested to step on to the stage with three separate segments where Katori's art pieces are installed. The exhibition catalogue also includes Katori's talks with noted artists, Tadanori Yoko'o and Makoto Aida.

Filmography

Film

Japanese dub

Television (as actor)

Television (as personality)

Radio

Theatre

Discography

Album

As Shingo Mama

Awards and nominations

Publications
 Shingo no Itazura (December 1998)
 DIET SHINGO (5 September 2003)
 SNAP NO SHINGO (13 October 2006)
 Fuku Baka Shifukubon (31 January 2014)
 Shingo Jiten SD SHINGO DICTIONARY VOLUME 1 (28 July 2015)

References

External links

official Shingo Mama site

1977 births
Living people
Japanese male pop singers
Japanese television personalities
Japanese male voice actors
Japanese idols
Male actors from Yokohama
Singers from Yokohama
SMAP members
Japanese comedy musicians
Taiga drama lead actors
21st-century Japanese singers
21st-century Japanese male singers

Shingo Katori


Agrilus lukesi é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Obenberger, 1936.

Referências

lukesi

Agrilus lukesi


disciplin kan henvise til:
 Disciplin
 Olympisk disciplin – de olympiske sportsgrene
 Akademisk disciplin – fag der undervises i på universiteter
 Discipline (album) – et album med gruppen King Crimson fra 1981

Disciplin (flertydig)


En stejleplads betegner det område, hvor fiskere hænger sine fiskegarn på stejler (pæle) for at tørres og renses, og hvor fisk bliver ophængt til tørring.

Eksterne henvisninger
Stejleplads (Ordbog over Det danske Sprog)

Fiskeri

Stejleplads


جان ثيسن، من مواليد 21 ابريل 1946، لاعب كرة قدم بلجيكي سابق، ومدرب كرة قدم بلجيكي حالي.

لعب مع منتخب بلجيكا لكرة القدم.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية بلجيكيون
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من فيرفييتوا
رياضيون بلجيكيون مغتربون في البرتغال
رياضيون بلجيكيون مغتربون في الغابون
لاعبو نادي أندرلخت
لاعبو الدوري البلجيكي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري البلجيكي للمحترفين
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 1972
لاعبو ستاندارد لييج
لاعبو كأس العالم 1970
لاعبو كرة قدم بلجيكيون
لاعبو منتخب بلجيكا لكرة القدم
مدربو ستاندارد لييج
مدربو كأس الأمم الإفريقية 1994
مدربو كرة قدم بلجيكيون
مدربو كرة قدم بلجيكيون مغتربون
مدربو كرة قدم مغتربون في الجزائر
مدربو مولودية الجزائر
مدربو نادي بيرا مار
مدربو نادي سيرفيت
مواليد 1946

جان ثيسن


Charles Lloyd ( - ), professeur Regius de théologie et évêque d'Oxford de 1827 à 1829, est un religieux anglais.

Biographie
Il est né à West Wycombe, Buckinghamshire le 26 septembre 1784, deuxième fils de Thomas Lloyd et petit-fils de Nathaniel Ryder (1er baron Harrowby) . Thomas, un « ecclésiastique et maître d'école », est recteur d'Aston-sub-Edge dans le Gloucestershire et dirige une école à Great Missenden. Charles se rend au Collège d'Eton, ses études étant financées par des bourses. Il est un érudit considérable, réalisant une première à Christ Church, Oxford en 1806 (passant à MA en 1809), un BD en 1818 et un DD en 1821. Finalement, il doit partir et prend un emploi de précepteur pour les enfants de Lord Elgin à Dunfermline. Cela ne dure pas longtemps car on lui demande de retourner à Oxford pour enseigner les mathématiques. L'un de ses premiers travaux est de préparer Robert Peel à ses examens. Peel devient plus tard premier ministre et reste un ami de longue date de Lloyd. Charles Lloyd acquiert rapidement une réputation d'enseignant efficace.

Ordonné en 1808, Lloyd détient les cures de Drayton (1810) et de Binsey (1818), toutes deux près d'Oxford. En juin 1819, il est nommé sous l'influence de Peel comme prédicateur de Lincoln's Inn, poste qu'il occupe jusqu'en février 1822, date à laquelle, sur la nomination de Lord Liverpool, il est nommé au professeur Regius of Divinity à Oxford, auquel est rattaché un canonicat à Christ Church  et le presbytère d'Ewelme. Le 15 août 1822, il épouse Mary Harriet (décédée en 1857) et, en l'espace de quatre ans, ils ont un fils et trois filles .

En tant que professeur Regius, Lloyd relance les études théologiques à l'université. Il complète ses conférences publiques statutaires par des cours privés suivis par des diplômés, dont Richard Hurrell Froude, John Henry Newman, Frederick Oakeley et Edward Bouverie Pusey (c'est sur la suggestion de Lloyd que Pusey part en Allemagne pour étudier sa théologie). Ce sont des personnalités qui deviennent importantes dans ce qui est connu sous le nom de mouvement d'Oxford. Lloyd est connu pour une édition de poche de 1827 du Nouveau Testament grec incorporant les canons eusébiens.

Les études de Lloyd sur les racines anciennes et le développement historique de la liturgie et du dogme anglicans influencent une génération de théologiens d'Oxford. Petit, trapu et prématurément chauve, on se souvient de Lloyd pour avoir plaisanté de manière informelle avec, et parfois intimidé, les participants à ses conférences privées. Pour un lectorat clérical plus large, il publie un recueil de Formulaires de foi mis en avant par l'autorité sous le règne d'Henri VIII (1825) .

Le 4 mars 1827, il est consacré évêque d'Oxford, poste qu'il désirait et pour lequel il faisait pression, implorant son ancien élève Robert Peel, alors ministre de l'Intérieur, d'user de son influence auprès de Lord Liverpool. Lloyd reste professeur à l'université et se met à réformer le diocèse. Il y a un problème particulier de pluralisme et de non-résidence à l'époque. Il est courant pour le clergé d'occuper plusieurs postes et de «sous-traiter» ses fonctions à un vicaire mal payé. Il est également impliqué dans la législation controversée pour l'émancipation catholique, finalement adoptée en 1829 . Lors des débats chez les Lords sur l'émancipation, il prononce un important discours en faveur de la réforme (2 avril 1829), prise de position qui fait de lui le bouc émissaire favori des conservateurs vaincus. Peu de temps après, George IV le snobe lors d'une réception publique .

Son travail acharné pèse inévitablement sur sa santé. Mentalement en détresse et physiquement fatigué, Lloyd assiste à un dîner d'anniversaire à la Royal Academy de Somerset House, où il attrape un rhume qui persiste et s'aggrave. Il meurt d'une pneumonie le 31 mai 1829 dans la maison de Whitehall Place, à Londres, qu'il a louée pour la saison estivale. Deux jours plus tard, il a des funérailles privées dans la chapelle de Lincoln's Inn et est enterré dans le caveau des Benchers .

John Henry Newman écrit chaleureusement à propos de son ami et ancien tuteur lorsqu'il déclare: «Il m'a fait avancer, m'a fait connaître, a bien parlé de moi et m'a donné confiance en moi» .

Références

Liens externes

Étudiant de Christ Church (Oxford)
Élève du collège d'Eton
Théologien anglican
Évêque d'Oxford
Décès en mai 1829
Naissance en septembre 1784
Décès à 44 ans

Charles Lloyd (évêque)


Alcimar Maciel Pereira, mais conhecido como Cabo Maciel (Humaitá, 07 de junho de 1962), é deputado estadual eleito pelo estado do Amazonas, é filiado ao Partido Liberal (PL).

Membros do Partido Liberal (2006)
Deputados estaduais do Amazonas

Alcimar Maciel Pereira


Les Goldman (* 2. Juli 1913 in New York City; † 27. Mai 1983 in Santa Cruz, Kalifornien) war ein US-amerikanischer Filmproduzent.

Leben
In den 1940er-Jahren arbeitete Goldman bei den Firmen Tempo, Transfilm und Storyboard, die auf animierte Werbung spezialisiert waren, als Betriebsdirektor.
Goldman war von 1956 bis 1962 Vizepräsident der Filmproduktionsfirma Quartet Films, die 1956 die Mitarbeiter der geschlossenen Storyboard Productions an der Westküste übernommen hatte. Anfang der 1960er-Jahre gab Goldman Animationsfilmkurse an der University of Southern California. Zuvor hatte er unter anderem an der Army Pictorial Photographic Training School in London den Lehrplan erstellt und an der French National Film School in Paris geforscht.

Neben Chuck Jones wurde er Anfang der 1960er-Jahre Mitbegründer des Animationsfilmstudios Sib Tower 12 Productions, das unter anderem für MGM Kurzanimationsfilme produzierte. Der erste Kurzfilm, den Goldman mit Jones produzierte, wurde 1963 Pent-House Mouse. Es folgten bis 1967 zahlreiche Kurzanimationsfilme u. a. um Tom und Jerry, darunter Much Ado About Mousing und Love Me, Love My Mouse. Für den eher abstrakten Kurzanimationsfilm The Dot and the Line, in dem sich eine Gerade in einen Punkt verliebt, wurden Jones und Goldman 1966 mit einem Oscar für den besten Kurzanimationsfilm auszeichnet.

Goldman gründete Ende der 1960er-Jahre die Filmsparte von Wakefort/Orloff (W/O), die jedoch keinen Film produzierte. Dan Bessie nannte Goldman in seiner Biografie einen "behutsamen und bedächtigen, extrem talentierten, aber hoffnungslos nicht-unternehmerisch denkenden" Menschen. In den 1970er-Jahren war Goldman bei ASIFA-Hollywood aktiv und widmete sich der International Tournee of Animation. Kritikern galt er als "unermüdlicher Arbeiter für die Animationsfilmsache".

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 1964: The Hangman – auch Regisseur
 1965: The Dot and the Line
 1968: The Door
 1970: The Phantom Tollbooth

Auszeichnungen
 1964: Silbernes Segel (später Silberner Leopard), Internationales Filmfestival von Locarno, für The Hangman
 1966: Oscar, Bester animierter Kurzfilm, für The Dot and the Line

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmproduzent
Oscarpreisträger
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1913
Gestorben 1983
Mann

Les Goldman


The Maserati Bora (Tipo AM117) is a two-seat, rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive sports car and grand tourer, manufactured by Maserati from 1971 to 1978. In common with other Maserati cars of the era, it is named after a wind, Bora being the wind of Trieste. The Bora was the company's first mid-engined street car and ended Maserati's reputation for producing fast but technologically out of date cars, also being the first Maserati with four wheel independent suspension. In contrast, competitor Lamborghini had first used full independent suspension in 1964.

History
Shortly after Citroën took a controlling interest in Maserati in 1968, the concept of a mid-engined two-seat sports car was proposed. Lamborghini and De Tomaso already had the Miura and Mangusta, whilst Ferrari were known to be developing their own mid-engined contender. Initially known as Tipo 117 and later the Bora, the Maserati project got underway in October 1968 and a prototype was on the road by mid-1969. Shown in its final form at the Geneva Salon in March 1971, deliveries began before the end of the year. Maserati struggled after being bought by De Tomaso in 1975, and the Bora was discontinued during 1978. 564 Boras were produced in total, of which 275 were fitted with 4.9-litre engines and the other 289 were fitted with 4.7-litre engines.

The first Boras were delivered to customers in late 1971, and only minor production changes were gradually phased in thereafter. About early 1974, front lids became hinged at front instead of rear, pop-up headlights showed rounded inside corners, and a rectangular black air-exit grille was added across the hood (similar to Pantera). Production ran from 1971 to 1978, with 564 cars built, 289 of which were 4.7s and the remaining 275 being 4.9s.

The Bora provided the basis for the Merak, which used the same bodyshell front clip but in a 2+2 configuration, made possible by using a smaller, lighter and less powerful Maserati V6 engine, also used in the Citroën SM. The Merak was popular, including the later modified and improved Merak SS which made its debut in 1981. Merak models had an opened rear engine-cover instead of the glass-enclosed and heavier cover of the Bora.

Maserati developed two Group 4 racing cars at the request of Thepenier, a French Maserati dealer. They were tuned to produce  and were fully competitive, but Maserati couldn't produce enough cars to meet the 500 road car homologation rule for Group 4 racing so the project was shelved.

Design and innovations
The Bora was designed by Giorgetto Giugiaro at Italdesign in the late 1960s, and came to market in 1971, sporting a drag coefficient of just 0.30,. a value that would still be called very aerodynamic, a decade later. Fabrication of the all-steel panels was contracted to Officine Padane of Modena.

The Bora had a number of innovative features that distinguished the car both from previous Maserati's, as well as other leading brand supercars. Compared to those, it was civilized and practical, featuring a hydraulically powered pedal cluster that could be moved forward and backwards at the touch of a button and a steering wheel that could be tilted as well as telescoped, addressing the familiar problem of entering and exiting the vehicle typical of many supercars.

Most supercars offer little foot room and little to no provision for luggage, but the Bora has a full-size trunk in the front of the vehicle, and was otherwise known as being much more civilized in comforts from its competitors. Unlike its competitors, the Bora used dual-pane insulative glazing separating its cabin from the engine compartment, as well as a carpeted aluminium engine cap, greatly decreasing the powertrain's transmission of noise, harshness an vibration to the cabin, and increasing the comfort level for the driver. The engine and five-speed ZF transaxle were mounted on a subframe attached to the floor pan via four flexible mounts,

Specifications
The original engine is a high-revving  producing  at 6,000 rpm and  of torque at 4,200 rpm; a US smog-qualified 4.9-litre engine was initially carried over from the Ghibli on cars destined for that market. Eventually, beginning in 1976, production switched to only using the more powerful and torquier 4.9-litre engine with a 8.75 to 1 compression ratio, rated at  at 5,500 rpm and  at 4,000 rpm for markets outside of the United States. Both engines trace their lineage back to the famous 450S racecar, were made of aluminium alloy and had hemispherical combustion chambers with 16 valves total operated by four cams (chain-driven). Both engines were mounted longitudinally in the middle of the car and were mated to a ZF-1 five-speed transaxle sending power to the rear wheels. They were fed by four 42 DCNF/14 downdraught Weber carburetors with Bosch electronic ignition. The compression ratio is 8.5:1.

The most distinctive details of the Bora were the brushed stainless steel roof and windscreen pillars. Inside, the bucket seats, dash, door trim, centre console and rear bulkhead were trimmed in leather, with electric windows and air conditioning as standard. The steering column was manually adjustable for rake and reach, whereas the LHM aux. circuit controls adjusted the driver's seat vertically, the pedal box (consisting of the brake, clutch and throttle pedals) can be set horizontally forwards and backwards by around  – a first such application in the world for a production car, and also to raise and lower the concealed headlights in the front fenders.

US models
The early US-market 4.9 was similar to those found in US-bound Ghiblis and produces  at 6,000 rpm and  of torque at 4,200 rpm. From 1973, US Bora models had air-pump emissions-equipped  engines which was updated to produce  at 6,000 rpm.

US safety-compliant front bumpers had to be added to meet US DOT safety legislation, on US-delivered cars, though many US Bora owners have subsequently retro-fitted the original Euro versions.

Chassis
The original estimated weight was , however, noise and safety concerns increased the weight to . It is popularly believed that the Bora is heavier than the Ghibli; however, the Ghibli weighs , some  more than the Bora. The reason for this misconception probably stems from the state of tune of their respective engines as well as the difference in the gearing of the two cars.

A combined steel monocoque chassis and body featured a tubular steel subframe at the back for the engine and transmission. Also featured independent suspension all round (a first for a Maserati road car) with coil springs, telescopic suspension dampers and anti-roll bars. The development prototype and the broadly similar show car first seen at the 1971 Geneva Motor Show featured MacPherson strut based front suspension, but this was abandoned for production because, installed in combination with very wide front tyres and rack-and-pinion steering, the strut-based solution produced severe kickback. For the production cars Maserati reverted to a more conservative wishbone front-suspension arrangement.

Citroën's advanced high-pressure LHM hydraulics were adopted to operate the ventilated disc brakes on the main circuit, and on an auxiliary circuit the pedal box (clutch, brake, foot-throttle), the driver's seat (only vertical adjustments), and the retractable headlights. Wheels were  Campagnolo light alloy type with distinctive removable polished stainless steel hubcaps in the earlier models. Tyres were Michelin XWX 205x70 front and rear, however these early cars exhibited problems with "tramlining" at speed. To solve this problem Maserati fitted later cars with 215/70VR15 tyres on the rear, with the choice of Michelin XWX or Pirelli Cinturato CN12 tyres.

The official Maserati website quotes a top speed of  for the Bora 4.7 and  for the Bora 4.9, although many sources give differing top speeds.

See also
List of Maserati vehicles
Maserati brothers

References

Further reading

External links

 Bora

Bora
Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Sports cars
Cars introduced in 1971
Coupés

Maserati Bora


Eugenio Canfari (16 de abril de 1877, Génova –  23 de marzo de 1962, Torino)era un jugador a principios del fútbol italiano. Él fue uno de los trece hombres que fundaron la Juventus en 1897 y primer presidente. Con su hermano Enrico Canfari era también un miembro fundador de la Juventus, aunque él nunca participó en el Campeonato de Fútbol italiano.

Futbolistas de Italia

Futbolistas de la Juventus de Turín
Presidentes de la Juventus Football Club
Hermanos futbolistas
Nacidos en Génova
Fallecidos en Turín

Eugenio Canfari


Rex Rice (* 27. Januar 1918 in Douglas, Arizona; † 16. Mai 2004 in Menlo Park, Kalifornien) war ein US-amerikanischer Computeringenieur.

Biografie
Rice studierte Maschinenbau (Mechanical Engineering) an der Stanford University mit dem Bachelorabschluss 1940. Danach arbeitete er für Douglas Aircraft an der Entwicklung von Werkzeugen und ab 1946 für Northrop Aircraft, wo er Berechnungen der mechanischen Belastung von Flügeln an Computern ausführte. 1952 bis 1955 war er dort stellvertretender Leiter der Berechnungsabteilung und sorgte unter anderem 1954 für den Bau spezieller Digitalcomputer bei IBM für Northrop, die damals Rekordhalter für die Invertierung großer Matrizen waren.

1955 wechselte er zu IBM in deren Entwicklungslabor in Poughkeepsie, wo er unter anderem am Bau des ersten voll transistorisierten Computers von IBM, dem IBM 608, mitwirkte und Projektmanager für einen Vorläufer des IBM 7070 Systems war. Außerdem war er an einer Studie zur Hardware Implementierung einer höheren Programmiersprache (ADAM) beteiligt. Diese Forschungsrichtung setzte er bei Fairchild Semiconductor fort mit dem SYMBOL Computer, die erste Realisierung eines Computers mit Hardware Implementierung einer höheren Programmiersprache. Er war auch an der Verbesserung der LSI Speicher beteiligt und war Miterfinder des Dual in-line package (DIP) (1965 mit Don Forbes, Bryant "Buck" Rogers).

1970 bis 1972 leitete er die Abteilung Speichersysteme bei Fairchild. Unter anderem war er dort für die Entwicklung der ersten großen Halbleiterspeicher-Module für die ILLIAC IV und für das IBM System/360 (Modell 67) zuständig. Nach weiteren leitenden Positionen bei Fairchild – unter anderem war er Direktor für Advanced Systems Development – ging er 1980 bei Fairchild in den Ruhestand und arbeitete danach als beratender Ingenieur.

Er war im Rat der IEEE Computer Society, deren Compcon Konferenzen er initiierte, und ab 1969 Fellow der IEEE. 1982 erhielt er den W. Wallace McDowell Award und 1984 den Richard E. Merwin Award der IEEE Computer Society. Den McDowell Award erhielt er für seine herausragenden Beiträge in der Computer-Technologie und Management durch die Erfindung des universell einsetzbaren Dual In-Line Package und den Entwurf und die Herstellung der ersten großen LSI Halbleiter-Speichersysteme.

Weblinks
 Biographie beim McDowell Award

Einzelnachweise

US-Amerikaner
Informatiker
Geboren 1918
Gestorben 2004
Mann
IEEE Fellow

Rex Rice


Sidonia G. I. Docan () a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, din partea Reuniunii Femeilor "Sfânta Maria" din Cluj.

Biografie
A fost fiica avocatului clujean Alexa Pop și al Anei (n. Lemeni).

A absolvit Universitatea de Medicină din Viena.

S-a căsătorit pe 9 ianuarie 1984 cu George I. Docan, mare proprietar și locotenent de cavalerie în rezervă, descendent al unei vechi familii boierești din Moldova.

Nași au fost Alexandru Bohățel cu soția și Andreiu Truță cu soția. Serviciul cununiei preotul Gavril Pop din Balș.

Sidonia Docan a fost o figură proeminentă în viața românească de la Cluj. În timpul Primului Război Mondial era președintă a "Crucii Roșii" din Cluj, și a transformat Internatul "Petran" în ambulatoriu (spital pentru soldații răniți, transformat în Căminul Petran al studenților români din Cluj).

A fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, din partea Reuniunii Femeilor "Sfânta Maria" din Cluj.

Sidonia Docan a fost desemnată secretară a Senatului Român din Cluj pe 4 noiembrie 1918 și a consemnat riguros discuțiile din ședințele acestuia până în ianuarie 1919.

Jurnalul ținut de Sidonia Docan în acele zile este un document prețios despre zilele Marii Uniri la Cluj.

Panoul realizat de Sidonia Docan cu inscripția Senatul Național Român din Ardeal a fost ridicată pe clădirea Băncii Economul, sediul Senatului, la 12 noiembrie 1918. Panoul a fost refolosit dintr-un panou cu "Ambulanța Pentran" (ambulanță care își avea sediul pe strada Bisericii Orotodoxe) și care a fost folosită ca spital de recuperare al soldaților români.

Tot atunci, cu aceași ocazie a fost arborat pentru prima dată tricolorul pe o clădire în Cluj. Tricolorul a fost adus de un grup de studenți de la Biserica Bob de unde stătea prăfuit de ani buni.

La intrarea în Cluj a armatei române, condusă de gen. Constantin Neculcea și gen. Anton Gherescu, dinspre Apahida, armata maghiară este somată să se retragă.

Pe 19 decembrie 1918, În timpul retragerii pe strada Regele Ferdinand de astăzi, în drum spre gară au loc schimburi de focuri către clădirea Economul din partea unui batalion secuiesc indisciplinat. Schimbul de focuri produce 5 răniți printre români și 1 deces: elevul Octavian Teodor Petrovici (1903-1918), care era în clădirea Senatului. Acesta este înmormântat cu onoruri militare pe 21 decembrie 1918, ca martir al al Marii Uniri în Cimitirul Central. De asemenea panoul realizat de Sinodia Docan cade și el victimă gloanțelor soldaților maghiari în urma acestui eveniment fiind deteriorat.

După 1918, Docan activează un timp ca inspector al Ministerului Ocrotirii Sociale.

Note

Bibliografie

Lectură suplimentară
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Decese în secolul al XX-lea

Sidonia G. I. Docan


Whiting est une ville américaine située dans le Comté de Jackson, au Kansas. Selon le recensement de 2010, sa population est de .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Ville au Kansas
Comté de Jackson (Kansas)

Whiting (Kansas)


André Sogliuzzo (New York City, New York, 10. kolovoza, 1966.), američki je glumac.

Vanjske poveznice

Američki filmski glumci

André Sogliuzzo


Adrien Arcand (October 3, 1899 – August 1, 1967) was a Canadian journalist and politician who is best known for advocating fascism between 1929 and until his death in 1967. During his political career, he proclaimed himself as the "Canadian Führer".

He was detained by the federal government for the duration of the Second World War by the Defence of Canada Regulations.

Early life and rise to prominence
Arcand was the son of Narcisse-Joseph-Philias Arcand, who was a carpenter and trade union official, and Marie-Anne (Mathieu). He is also the great uncle of the movie director, Denys Arcand. Arcand was born into a family of 12 children and grew up in a house on Laurier street in Montreal. Narcisse Arcand was active in the Labour Party that advocated free education, old age pensions, health insurance and universal suffrage. The appeal of the Labour Party in Quebec was resisted by the Catholic Church, which was powerful at the time in Quebec, as priests instructed their congregations not to vote for the Labour Party. Though the Labour Party stated it was open to all, the party's rules explicitly banned Asians from joining, and the party's policies advocated the "absolute prohibition of Chinese immigration" to Canada, as Asians were considered as economic competitors of the caucasian working class. Although the number of Chinese immigrants to Quebec was small—- the 1901 census showed there were 1,648,898 people living in Quebec of whom only 1,037 were Chinese immigrants—- their presence was sufficient to cause the formation of an "Anti-Yellow Peril League" many of whose members were also members of the Labour Party. Narcisse Arcand was very active in lobbying against Asian immigration, testifying in 1909 before the Royal Commission on Education, as long as Asian immigration continued, it would be impossible for the white working class to advance economically. From advocating a ban of Asian immigration to advocating a ban of all immigration was not a great difference, and soon Arcand was arguing for the cessation of all immigration. Arcand's son inherited his father's belief that immigration was a threat. However, Montreal at the time had a large English-speaking minority, and Adrien Arcand recalled later that he "was raised in an atmosphere not conducive to separatist and Anglophobic sentiments" as he knew many English-speakers as he was growing up and came to speak English fluently.

Though Narcisse Arcand was often at odds with the Catholic Church, all of his children were educated in Catholic schools (Quebec did not have a public education system until 1964 and all schools prior to 1964 were managed by churches). Adrien Arcand was educated at the College de St. Jean d'Iberville, Collège Saint-Stanislas and Collège de Montréal in Montreal. He received the standard 8-year collège classique education emphasizing French, Latin, Greek, religion, mathematics, classic literature, and French history. Arcand considered studying to be a priest, but changed his mind as "weakness" made a life of celibacy unappealing to him. The Collège de Montréal was managed by the Sulpician monks, who had been active in Quebec since the 17th century, and most of the Sulpicians at the college were from France. Many Quebecois thought of themselves at the time as the last remnant of the Catholic ancien-regime France that had been ended by the French Revolution, and Arcand's education at the Catholic schools emphasised royalist and Catholic values. The Sulpicians from France tended to be hostile to French republicanism and many had relocated to Quebec, a society dominated by the Catholic Church, because it was considerably closer to their idealized version of ancien-régime France than the French Third Republic was.

By Arcand's own account, his education by the Sulpicians at the Collège de Montréal was "decisive" in shaping his opinions. In 1918, he studied science as a part-time student at McGill University, but the great "Spanish influenza" pandemic of 1918–1919 resulted in the closure of public places after the disease arrived during October 1918 including all theaters, cinemas, concert halls, libraries, schools, meeting halls and hockey arenas in Montreal. During the closures, Arcand wrote to help ease his boredom. Several articles he submitted to newspapers were published, beginning his interest in journalism. In 1919, he was hired by the newspaper La Patrie and in 1920 he began to write a weekly column dealing with labour issues. In 1921, he began work for the Montreal Star, reporting the news in English. After that he began work for La Presse, the largest newspaper in Quebec. A keen amateur violin player, Arcand worked as a music critic for La Presse. As Montreal was the largest and wealthiest city in Canada at the time, many famous musicians such as Ignacy Paderewski often played at concerts in Montreal, and Arcand was there to interview him.

In addition to Paderewski, Arcand's work as a reporter for La Presse allowed him to interview many famous people during the 1920s when they visited Montreal such as the Canadian prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, Anna Pavlova, Vincent d'Indy, Vladimir de Pachmann, Alfred Cortot, Feodor Chaliapin, Cécile Sorel, Jascha Heifetz, Isadora Duncan, Mario Chamlee, Queen Marie of Romania, Jacques Thibaud, Stanley Baldwin, Fritz Kreisler, Douglas Fairbanks, Maurice de Féraudy, Tom Mix, Mary Pickford, Efrem Zimbalist and Lord Birkenhead. In 1923, he joined a militia unit named the Châteauguay Regiment (whose traditions are continued by the 4th Battalion of the Royal 22nd Regiment). On 14 April 1925, he married Yvonne Giguère. During the late 1920s, he became active in organizing for Catholic trade unions and became president of the first union local at La Presse. His trade unionism caused him to be dismissed in 1929. Arcand later recalled that his dismissal came as "a surprise, cruel and hard, with the result that my wife and my young babies suffered the effects of painful, abject poverty". For a time, the water and electricity to his home was terminated due to his inability to pay the bills. Arcand's dismissal gave a lifelong grudge against his former employer, Pamphile Réal Du Tremblay, and caused him to found a new newspaper, Le Goglu, in August 1929. His sudden transition from the respectable lower middle-class to poverty radicalized him.

Arcand was assisted in founding Le Goglu by a printer, Joseph Ménard, who wanted to begin his own newspaper. In joual (Quebec French), goglu is slang for someone who is jovial and who loves to laugh, and Le Goglu belonged to a type of satirical newspaper that was popular in Quebec at the time. Le Goglu was an eight-page-long broadsheet full of cartoons that mocked various prominent people, for instance, showing Mackenzie King as a clueless ape staring vacantly into space. The newspaper was based in a lower class part of Montreal, described by Arcand as an area "where are found Chinese gambling dens, Negro shacks, Greeks, cutthroat Slavs, Bulgarian ruffians, Oriental grocers, nauseating Palestinian restaurants, European ex-convict scum, diamond importers from Chicago, and dives of every kind, where officers of the Canadian militia will get it on for 50 cents". The major target of Le Goglu'''s humour was what Arcand termed "the clique that is stifling the province", by which he mainly meant his former employer, du Tremblay, whom he was relentless in attacking as an exploitative boss and a hypocrite who failed to practice the Catholic social teachings in which he professed to believe. Le Goglu was a successful newspaper, and by 1929 for the Christmas special edition,  Arcand could afford to print his paper in colour for 12 pages. The cartoons that mocked the ministers of the cabinet of Premier Louis-Alexandre Taschereau as corrupt resulted in several libel suits, which increased the paper's circulation.

The major advertisers for Le Goglu were at first the famous Bronfman family of Montreal who published advertisements promoting their brands of alcohol, but ceased their advertising after Le Goglu began publishing anti-Semitic statements. In August 1929, Arcand started publishing in Le Goglu a serialization of a novel he was writing, Popeline, chronicling the story of the eponymous heroine, an 18-year-old beauty "who had drunk long and deep from the cup of woe which gave her a heady feminine aura". Popeline was notable as one of the first novels written in the joual (local vernacular French), instead of Parisian French which had been the standard in Quebec until then. During November 1929, Arcand initiated his own political philosophy, the Ordre Patriotique des Goglus for the "general purification, on preserving our Latin character, our customs and our habits, on protecting our rights and our privileges". In December 1929, Arcand began a companion newspaper for Le Goglu, the Sunday weekly Le Miroir, which was more serious. In March 1930, Arcand initiated a third newspaper Le Chameau that soon failed during 1931 as it was unprofitable. He published and edited several newspapers during this period, most notably Le Goglu,  Le Miroir, Le Chameau, Le Patriote, Le Fasciste Canadien and Le Combat National.

Political life
Until 1963, there was not any public school system in Quebec but rather two religious school systems, one operated by the Catholic Church and the other by the Protestant churches. Since the late 19th century, as an uncomfortable arrangement, Jewish children had been educated by the Protestant school system. During late 1929, the Taschereau government agreed to establish a separate Jewish school system in Montreal, an agreement that caused an intense reaction by the Catholic Church, which was stoutly opposed to Jewish schools, generating so much popular opposition that by 1931 Taschereau abandoned the plan. Arcand used the pages of Le Goglu to attack the plans for Jewish schools, and in May 1930 he published his antisemitic editorial, "Why Semitism Is a Danger". This was followed up by several antisemitic editorials during the spring and summer of 1930 such as "How Does Semitism Advance?", "The Word of God and the Jews", and "Semitism: Persecuted and Persecutor". By the summer of 1930, Le Goglu had been transformed from a populist, humorous newspaper into a largely antisemitic journal. Arcand credited much of his antisemitism to be a result of reading the pamphlet The Jewish World Problem by Lord Sydenham of Combe.

Arcand shared the idea widely accepted in French-Canada that the Confederation of 1867 was a "pact" between two "nations" that agreed to work together for their common betterment. Arcand argued that Canada existed only for the "two founding nations" and to accept the claim by any other group to "nationhood" would by necessity reduce the living standards of the "two founding nations". In this manner, Arcand argued that "to recognize the Jewish race as an official entity would violate the Confederation pact, eliminate our rights, and force us to officially recognize as national entities all the other groups, such as Polish, Greek, Syrian, Russian, Serbian, German who may request it later". Arcand's antisemitism was motivated at least partly by the fact that the majority of Ashkenazim (Yiddish-speaking Jews) immigrants from Eastern Europe usually arrived in Montreal, where a great many chose to settle. Arcand saw the Jews as economic competitors, contrasting his idealized, rural French-Canadian Catholic small grocer who was honest and hard-working with the stereotype of the greedy and unscrupulous big city Jewish immigrant capitalist who only succeeded because of "his dishonesty, not his skill or ability".

Like many other French-Canadian intellectuals at the time, Arcand had considerable hatred for "godless" France, considered as having abandoned Roman Catholicism, leaving Quebec as the last remnant of the "true" France that ended in 1789. Arcand also profoundly disliked the egalitarianism of French republicanism, writing with disgust how Josephine Baker, the "richest and most famous Negress" in France, became a millionaire "after showing her derrière at the Folies Bérgères". For Arcand, it was unacceptable for someone like Baker to become rich at a time when caucasians were suffering from the Great Depression, which for him represented a distorted social order.

In May 1930, Arcand met with the millionaire Conservative leader R. B. Bennett to ask him for his financial assistance in exchange for which Arcand would campaign against the Liberals in the coming election. French-Canadians tended to vote as a bloc for the Liberals at the time, and the fact that the Liberals usually won the majority of the seats in Quebec gave them an advantage in elections. The perception that the Conservatives, identified as the party of "imperialism" (i.e. advocacy for the British empire), were anti-French and anti-Catholic made it difficult for the Conservatives to win seats in Quebec since the late 19th century. The fact that the Liberal politician William Lyon Mackenzie King was a protege of Sir Wilfrid Laurier and had campaigned as an anti-conscription Liberal in the 1917 election gave him the reputation as a friend of Quebec despite the fact that he did not speak French. In a letter to Bennett dated 22 May 1930, Arcand asked for some $15,000 in exchange for which he would manage what he called a "smear campaign" against Mackenzie King, a request that Bennett agreed to.

Arcand received covert funds from the Conservative Party to operate his newspapers and campaign for Bennett in the 1930 federal election. In an editorial in Le Goglu, Arcand referred to Mackenzie King and Premier Taschereau "two notorious stinkers". In another editorial, Arcand referred to Mackenzie King as "the enemy of the people". The main theme of Arcand's attacks was that Mackenzie King was a man who did not care about the suffering caused by the Great Depression, and criticizing King's well-known "continentalism" (i.e. establishing a better relationship with the United States), Arcand described him as a friend of American billionaires. In the election of 28 July 1930, the Conservatives won a majority of 134 seats, 24 of which were in Quebec. Given that the Conservatives had much difficulty winning seats in French-Canada, the 24 seats won in Quebec were an impressive achievement and Arcand was quick to take the credit in his letters to Bennett, arguing that the Conservatives would not have won any seats in Quebec as they usually did without him.

Relations became increasingly bad afterwards as Bennett had little use for Arcand after the election. Despite demands from Arcand and his followers to get more money to compensate for their expenses, the subsidy they received from the Tories was sporadic and insufficient. In October 1932, Arcand first made contact with the German Nazi Party when its representative, Kurt Lüdecke, visited Montreal, and told Arcand that the two philosophies had much in common and should cooperate. In his report to Adolf Hitler about his visit, Lüdecke described Arcand as a "man of lively intelligence" whose philosophy was becoming increasingly popular and whom was very close to Prime Minister Bennett. Arcand promised to schedule a meeting between Lüdecke and Bennett, and though he did send a letter to Bennett requesting that he meet Lüdecke, the proposed meeting never occurred.

Arcand was always a staunch federalist and an anglophile. He received secret funds from Lord Sydenham of Combe, former governor of Bombay and a prominent fascist sympathizer in the British Conservative Party after he translated into French Sydenham's pamphlet "The Jewish World Problem". He also maintained correspondence with Arnold Spencer Leese, chief of the Imperial Fascist League. Arcand was influenced most strongly by British fascism as he maintained an active correspondence with various British fascists such as Lord Sydenham, Henry Hamilton Beamish and Admiral Sir Barry Domvile. With the idea of forming a fascist leadership for the British empire, Arcand started a correspondence that continued until his death with Sir Oswald Mosley, the leader of the British Union of Fascists (BUF). Many of the articles that appeared in Le Fasciste Canadien were translations of articles from Action and Blackshirt, the two journals of the BUF.

In 1934, Arcand established the Parti National Social Chrétien (Christian National Social Party), which advocated anti-communism and the banishment of Canadian Jews to the Hudson Bay area. The latter idea was inspired by his friend, noted British Rhodesian fascist Henry Hamilton Beamish, who suggested sending Jews to Madagascar. In 1935 the desperate Bennett ministry again turned to Arcand, who was appointed at the urging of Senator Rainville to the post of Tory publicity director in Quebec. However, many of Arcand's friends were more sympathetic to the Reconstruction Party, so Le Patriote supported H. H. Stevens while its editor was campaigning for Bennett. Bennett secretly hired Arcand as his chief electoral organizer in Quebec for the 1935 federal election.

In 1938, Arcand was chosen as the director of the fascist National Unity Party of Canada, resulting from the fusion of his Parti National Social Chrétien with the Prairie provinces' Canadian Nationalist Party and Ontario's Nationalist Party, which had grown out of the Toronto Swastika Clubs of the early 1930s.

Arcand's party statutes advocated the following oath to be taken at the beginning of every party meeting:

Arcand was always opposed to Quebec nationalism. He wanted to build a powerful centralized Canadian Fascist state within the British Empire.

On May 30, 1940, he was arrested in Montreal for "plotting to overthrow the state" and interned for the duration of the war as a security threat. His party, then termed the National Unity Party, was banned. In the internment camp, he sat on a throne built by other prisoners and spoke of how he would rule Canada when Hitler conquered it.

Arcand would later argue that he was interned on the orders of the Canadian Jewish Congress.

After the war
Arcand campaigned for the House of Commons of Canada on two occasions. Despite being shunned by mainstream Quebecers during the post-war years, he managed to come second with 29 percent of the vote when he campaigned as a National Unity candidate in the riding of Richelieu—Verchères in the 1949 federal election. He came second again with 39 percent of the vote when he campaigned as a "Nationalist" in Berthier—Maskinongé—Delanaudière in the 1953 election.

On 2 February 1952, the British fascist Peter Huxley-Blythe wrote to Arcand asking for permission to publish in German his anti-Semitic pamphlet "La Clé du mystère", writing: "I'm anxious to obtain two hundred (200) copies of your excellent work, The Key to the Mystery as soon as possible to fulfill an order I have received from Germany". Permission was granted, and on 27 February 1952 he wrote to Arcand for permission to print 300 more copies of La Clé du mystère for sale in Great Britain. In 1957, he campaigned for Progressive Conservative candidate and future Quebec cabinet minister Remi Paul.

Arcand never wavered in his endorsement of Adolf Hitler, and, during the 1960s, was a mentor to Ernst Zündel, who became a prominent Holocaust denier and neo-Nazi propagandist during the latter part of the 20th century. Arcand often corresponded with Issa Nakhleh, a Palestinian Christian who served as the chief of the Palestine Arab Delegation.

On November 14, 1965, he gave a speech before a crowd of 650 partisans from all over Canada at the Centre Paul-Sauvé in Montreal which was draped in the blue banners and insignia of the National Unity Party. As reported in La Presse and Le Devoir, he took the occasion to thank the newly elected Liberal Member of Parliament for Mount Royal, Pierre Trudeau, and former Conservative politician George Drew, for speaking in his defence when he was interned. However, Trudeau and Drew denied that they had ever defended Arcand or his opinions, and insisted that they had in fact been defending the principle of free speech even for fascists.

Among those present at the rally were Jean Jodoin, a Progressive Conservative candidate in the 1965 federal election and Gilles Caouette, future Social Credit Party of Canada Member of Parliament.

 In popular culture
 Arcand is portrayed by Haley Joel Osment in Kevin Smith's 2016 comedy horror movie Yoga Hosers.

 References

 Sources

Further reading
 Adrien Arcand, führer Canadien'', Montréal, Lux Éditeur, 2010.

1899 births
1967 deaths
Candidates in the 1949 Canadian federal election
Candidates in the 1953 Canadian federal election
Canadian collaborators with Nazi Germany
Canadian prisoners and detainees
Canadian Roman Catholics
Canadian fascists
French Quebecers
Quebec candidates for Member of Parliament
Journalists from Montreal
Canadian neo-Nazis
Antisemitism in Canada
Anti-Masonry
Nazi politicians
Politicians from Montreal
People interned during World War II
Prisoners and detainees of Canada

Adrien Arcand