جامعة مكغيل  هي جامعة حكومية بحثية دولية موجودة في مدينة مونتريال، والتي تقع في مقاطعة كيبك ذات الأغلبية الفرنسية. تحمل اسم جيمس مكغيل، الذي كان تاجرا بارزا في مونتريال من اسكتلندا، والتي شكلت وصيته بداية الجامعة. قام مكغيل بوهب قطعة أرض ومبلغ من المال لتأسيس جامعة في المدينة في عام 1821، مكغيل تعد حالياً واحدة من أعرق الجامعات في كندا، بدأت الجامعة بتدريس طلابها خلال حقبة الاستعمار البريطاني، أي قبل 46 عاما من تأسيس الاتحاد الكندي.

تم تحديد حرم الجامعة الرئيسي على 32 هكتاراً (80 فداناً) تحت جبل مون روايال في وسط مدينة مونتريال. والحرم الجامعي الثاني، حرم ماكدونالد، ويقع على 6.5 كيلومتر مربع (1,600 هكتار) من الحقول والأراضي الحرجية في سينت آن دو بلفيو، على بعد 30 كيلومترا إلى الغرب من الحرم الجامعي في وسط المدينة. يوجد في الجامعة اليوم 21 كلية مختلفة، توفر لطلابها وطالباتها فرصة الحصول على درجات وشهادات علمية في أكثر من 300 تخصص من ميادين الدراسة، بما في ذلك الطب والقانون. على الرغم من أن لغة التدريس هي اللغة الإنجليزية، فإن الطلاب لديهم الحق في تقديم أي عمل دراسي إما باللغة الإنكليزية أو الفرنسية ، إلا إذا كان تعلم لغة معينة هو الهدف من الدورة. و يوجد حاليا أكثر من 34,000 طالباً وطالبة في مكغيل، والطلاب والطالبات الأجانب يمثلون خمس مجموع الطلبة.

تتميز جامعة مكغيل بابحاثها المتميزة الحائزة على العديد من الجوائز العريقة في شتى المجالات البحثية، وتنتمي الجامعة للعديد من المنظمات البحثية سواء داخل كندا وفي العالم، بما في ذلك G13، ورابطة الجامعات الأمريكية، و يونيفيرسيتاس 21. تتصدر الجامعة بشتى كلياتها ومدارسها المهنية والدراسات العليا المرتبة الأولى باستمرار في التصنيفات الوطنية مثل تلك التي تنشرها مجلة ماكلين، وهي ضمن الجامعات 50 الأوائل في التصنيف العالمي والإقليمي وعلى مستوى العالم، بما في ذلك تصنيف التايمز-كيو إس العالمي؛ وتصنيف شنغهاي للجامعات العالمية. مع حوالي 200,000 من الخريجين الذين يعيشون في جميع أنحاء العالم، تميز طلبة وأساتذة جامعة مكغيل في مختلف المجالات تتراوح ما بين الطب، والفنون والعلوم، والأعمال والسياسة، والرياضة. ستة من خريجي الجامعة حازوا على جائزة نوبل (من أصل تسعة حائزين على جائزة نوبل متعاونين مع الجامعة)، وثلاثة رواد فضاء، واثنين من رؤساء الوزراء الكنديين، وأربعة قضاة من المحكمة العليا الكندية، وثلاثة زعماء أجانب، وتسعة فائزين بجائزة أوسكار للفنون، ثلاثة فائزين بجائزة بوليتزر، وثمان وعشرين رياضياً حازوا على ميداليات أولمبية.

كما تصدر عن هذه الجامعة بعض الدوريات العلمية نذكر منها دورية مكغيل الطبية.

خريجون بارزون

عبد الرحمن السميط

أساتذة بارزون

 أنطوان حكيم

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي
 الموقع الرسمي

جامعات كيبك
جامعات وكليات في مونتريال
منظمات برعاية ملكية مقرها كندا
هيئات تعليمية أسست في 1821

جامعة مكغيل


Una animación Flash es una película o serie de animación que es creada con Adobe Flash o un programa de animación similar y a menudo se distribuye en el formato de archivo SWF. El término animación Flash no solo se refiere al formato de archivo, sino a un cierto tipo de movimiento y estilo visual que, en muchos círculos se considera, como simplista o sin pulir. Sin embargo, con docenas de series de televisión animadas en Flash, incontables anuncios de televisión en animación Flash y cortometrajes premiados en línea en circulación, la animación Flash está disfrutando de un renacimiento.

A finales de 1990, para la mayoría de los usuarios de Internet, el ancho de banda aún estaba a 56 kbit/s, por lo que muchos artistas de animación Flash emplearon animación limitada o la animación en recorte en la creación de proyectos destinados a su distribución web. Esto permite a los artistas publicar cortos y experiencias interactivas muy por debajo de 1 MB, lo que podría transmitir la animación y audio de alta gama. Un ejemplo es el primer episodio de The Goddamn George Liquor Program emitido en 1999, consistente en solo 628 KB.

El Flash es capaz de integrar los mapas de bits y otra trama basada en el arte, así como el vídeo. La mayoría de las películas de Flash son creadas usando solo dibujos basados en vectores que a menudo resultan en un aspecto gráfico algo limpio o simple. Algunas características de la mala producción de animaciones Flash son movimientos espasmódicos antinaturales (se pueden ver en los ciclos de caminar y gestos), movimientos de los personajes auto-interpolados, sincronización de labios sin interpolación, y cambios bruscos de frente para ver el perfil.

Las animaciones Flash suelen ser distribuidas a través de la World Wide Web, en cuyo caso se denominan a menudo como los dibujos animados de internet, dibujos animados en línea, o webtoons. Las animaciones Flash en Web pueden ser interactivas y se crean a menudo en una serie. Una animación Flash es distinta de un webcómic, este es una tira cómica distribuida a través de la Web, y no un dibujo animado, cómo es la animación Flash. La animación en Flash ahora se enseña en las escuelas de todo el Reino Unido y puede ser tomada como un CGES y Nivel A.

Véase también
Animación limitada

Enlaces externos
 Flash animation at the Open Directory Project

Adobe Flash
Técnicas de animación

Animación Flash


Colț Alb (titlul original: în ) este un film de aventuri sovietic, realizat în 1946 de regizorul Aleksandr Zguridi, după romanul omonim a scriitorului Jack London, protagoniști fiind actorii Oleg Iakov, Elena Ismailova, Lev Sverdlin.

Conținut

Distribuție
 Oleg Iakov – Weedon Scott
 Elena Ismailova – Alisa Scott
 Lev Sverdlin – Matt
 Nikolai Plotnikov – Handsome Smith
 Ossip Abdulov – Tim Keenan
 Ivan Bobrov – un căutător de aur
 Emmanuil Geller – căutător de aur
 Victor Latișevski – căutător de aur
 Piotr Repnin – căutător de aur

Vezi și
 Listă de filme străine până în 1989

Referințe

Legături externe

Filme din 1946
Filme de aventuri
Filme în limba rusă
Filme regizate de Aleksandr Zguridi
Lucrări inspirate de Jack London
Filme Mosfilm

Colț Alb (film din 1946)


Lake Catherine may refer to:

 Lake Catherine (Arkansas), a lake in the US
 Lake Catherine, Illinois, a census-designated place

See also
 Lake Katherine, a lake in New Mexico, US
 Lake Katharine State Nature Preserve, a nature preserve in Jackson County, Ohio, US
 Lake Kathryn (disambiguation)
 Catherine (disambiguation)

Lake Catherine


نواف المهنا (31 يناير 1985 -), ممثل وكاتب ومخرج سعودي. حائز على شهادة تقدير عن فيلم «مجرد يوم» في الدورة السادسة 2007 من مسابقة أفلام من الإمارات. قام بكتابة وتمثيل مسلسل السيت (كوميدو) 2009 ، وبعد ذلك شارك في مسلسل 37 درجة مئوية ومسلسل شفت الليل 2012، ثم عاد للمشاركة في بطولة مسلسل بشر  الذي كان أحد كُتّابه كذلك.

أعماله

من المسلسلات
 كوميدو.
 37 درجة مئوية.
 شفت الليل 1
 شفت الليل 2
 برغرتي
 المدينة الفاصلة
 بشر
 شباب البومب 7

من البرامج

 أوروبا خط 1
 أوروبا خط 2
 يا هلا أمريكا
 النشرة الـ..
 يلا روسيا (تغطية كأس العالم 2018)

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
مخرجو أفلام سعوديون
ممثلون وممثلات سعوديون
مواليد 1405 هـ
مواليد 1985
كتاب سيناريو سعوديون

نواف المهنا


La route régionale 513 () est une route régionale allant de Uimaharju à Joensuu jusqu'à Luhtapohja à Joensuu en Finlande.

Présentation
La seututie 513 est une route régionale de Carélie du Nord.

Parcours
 Joensuu
 Uimaharju
 Luhtapohja

Références

Annexes

Liens externes

Articles connexes
 Seututie

513

Transport à Joensuu

Seututie 513


Hippocastanoideae, potporodica sapindovki, dio reda sapindolike (Sapindales). Postoji pet priznatih rodova čiji su najpoznatiji predstavnici divlji kesten u tribusu Hippocastaneae i javor u tribusu Acereae. Rod grmova, kineska dvokrilka ili dipteronija raste po Kini i srodnik je javora.

Tribusi i rodovi
 Tribus Acereae (Durande) Dumort
 Acer L. (136 spp.)
 Dipteronia Oliv. (2 spp.)
 Tribus Hippocastaneae (DC.) Dumort
 Billia Peyr. (1 sp.)
 Handeliodendron Rehder (1 sp.)
 Aesculus L. (12 spp.)

Izvori

Sapindovke

Hippocastanoideae


La Primera Regional de Aragón es la segunda categoría de fútbol regional masculino en Aragón, organizada por la Real Federación Aragonesa de Fútbol.  Está compuesta por cuatro grupos, con un total de 67 equipos participantes entre los cuatro. Al finalizar la temporada ascienden a Regional Preferente de Aragón los primeros clasificados y descienden a Segunda Regional de Aragón los últimos en la tabla.

Historia

Equipos de la temporada 2022-23

Grupo I

Grupo II

Grupo III

Grupo IV

Palmarés

Por temporada

Formato de cuatro grupos

Formato de siete grupos

Retorno al formato de cuatro grupos

Por equipo

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Página oficial de la Real Federación Aragonesa de Fútbol

Primera Regional de Aragón


Ljudevit Modec (Križevci, 21. srpnja 1844. – Zagreb, 2. siječnja 1897.) - hrvatski učitelj i pedagog, prvi moderni hrvatski metodičar

Rođen je u Križevcima 21. srpnja 1844. godine. Osnovnu školu pohađao je u Križevcima, a srednju školu u Varaždinu. U Pragu je završio Učiteljsku školu. Radio je kao učitelj u Zagrebu - na kaptolskoj osnovnoj školi, učiteljskoj školi, te na višoj djevojačkoj školi. Od 1874. do 1890. godine bio je ravnatelj učiteljske škole u Zagrebu, a od 1890. do 1893. u Petrinji. Tijekom 1871. godine Modec je bio angažiran u osnivanju Hrvatskog pedagoško-književnog zbora. Taj Zbor osnovan je 30. rujna 1871. godine sa svrhom širenja strukovnog i općeg obrazovanja hrvatskih učitelja i promicanja interesa hrvatske pučke škole. Bio je njegovim predsjednikom u dva navrata.

Pisac je udžbenika, metodičkih priručnika i stručnih rasprava, urednik Pedagogijske enciklopedije (od 1895.) i koautor Novoga rječnika hrvatskoga i njemačkoga jezika (1869.–'70.). Posebnost Modecova metodičkog rada očitovala se u tome što je primjenjivao teološki i herbartovski pedagoški pristup, pri čemu se češće opredjeljivao za teološki pristup. Takav pristup prepoznao je kao sredstvo za kvalitetan razvoj individualnog morala.

Izvori

Hrvatski pedagozi
Životopisi, Križevci

Ljudevit Modec


Eferding es un distrito del estado de Alta Austria, Austria.

Localidades con población (año 2018)

Enlaces externos

 Web oficial (en alemán)

Distritos de Alta Austria

Distrito de Eferding


ඡයාරූපකරණය හෙවත් ඡායාරූප ශිල්පය යනු ආලෝක කිරණ සටහන් කරගැනීම මගින් චල හෝ නිශ්චල සේයා නිර්මාණය කිරීමේ ක්‍රියාවලියයි. මෙම ක්‍රියාවලියේ දී ආලෝකය ආලෝක සංවේදී මාධ්‍යකයට යොමු කරයි.මේ සඳහා කැමරාව නම් උපකරණය භාවිත කරයි.

ඡායාරූපකරණය යනු, ආලෝක සංවේදී මාධ්‍යයක් (ඡායාරූප පටලයක් හෝ විද්‍යුත් සංවේදක උපාංගයක් වැනි) ආධාරයෙන් ආලෝකය ප්‍රතිග්‍රහණය කිරීම මගින් දර්ශන ගබඩා කර ගැනීමේ ක්‍රියාවලියයි. සාමාන්‍යයෙන් මෙහි දී පහත ක්‍රියාවලිය සිදු වේ. වස්තූන් මගින් විමෝචනය හෝ පරාවර්තනය කෙරෙන ආලෝක රටාවන් රිදී හේලයිඩ් පදනම් කර ගත් සංවේදී රසායනික හෝ විද්‍යුත් මාධ්‍යයක් අනාවරණය කිරීමට භාවිත කෙරේ. මෙම ක්‍රියාවලිය නිශ්චිත කාල සීමාවක් සඳහා සිදු කෙරෙන අතර එහිදී සාමාන්‍යයෙන් කැමරාවේ අඩංගු ඡායාරූප කාච නම් උපාංග ඔස්සේ ආලෝකය ලබා ගැනීම සිදු කෙරේ. මෙම ක්‍රියාවලියේ ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස ප්‍රතිග්‍රහණය කර ගන්නා තොරතුරු කැමරාව තුළ රසායනිකව හෝ විද්‍යුත් වශයෙන් ගබඩා කෙරේ. වෙළඳ කටයුතු සහ විනෝදාත්මක කටයුතු යන අංශයන් යුගල සඳහා ම ඡායාරූපකරණයේ බොහෝ භාවිතයන් පවතී. එය බොහෝ විට වෙළඳ දැන්වීම් සහ විලාසිතා මුද්‍රණ සඳහා පදනම ලෙස ක්‍රියා කරයි. ඡායාරූපකරණය වාණිජ සහ කලාත්මක ක්‍රියාවලියක් ලෙස ද සැලකිය හැක.

ඡායාරූපකරණය සඳහා යෙදෙන ඉංග්‍රීසි පදය "photography" photographie නම් ප්‍රංශ වචනය ඇසුරෙන් නිර්මාණය වූවකි. එම ප්‍රංශ වචනය ග්‍රීක වචන ත්‍රිත්වයක් ඇසුරෙන් නිර්මාණය වූවක් වන අතර, ඒවා එක්ව ගත් කළ "ආලෝකය මගින් ඇඳීම" යන අර්ථය දෙයි. සාම්ප්‍රදායිකව ඡායාරූපකරණයේ ප්‍රතිඵලය 'ඡායාරූප' ලෙස හැඳින්වෙන අතර, පොදු ව්‍යවහාරයේ මෙය කෙටියෙන් "ෆොටෝ" යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වේ.

හඳුන්වාදීම

ඡායාරූපකරණයේ දී ෂටර වේගය යනු ෂටරය විවෘතව පවතින කාලයයි. සම්පූර්ණ අනාවරණය, අනාවරණ කාලයට හෝ ආලෝකයට, තිරයට හෝ සංවේදකයට ළඟා වීමට ගන්නා කාලයට සමානුපාතික වේ.

සම්පූර්ණ නිරාවරණයට බලපාන කරුණු වන්නේ වස්තුවේ දීප්තතාව, සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණය සහ නිරාවරණ කාලය (ෂටරය) ෂටර වේගය සහ සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණයේ බලපෑම නැති කිරීමට, නැවතුම් ඡායාරූප ශිල්පියාට භාවිත කළ හැකිය. මෙසේ නැවතුමක් භාවිත කිරීම මගින් තිරයට පිවිසෙන ආලෝකය අඩක් කිරීම හෝ දෙගුණ කිරීම කළහැක. දී ඇති ඕනෑම නිරාවරණයක් සඳහා වේගවත් ෂටර වේග යොදා ගැනීමට විශාල සිදුරක් (කුඩා අංකයක්) අවශ්‍ය වේ.

සමාන්‍යයෙන් මන්දගාමී ෂටර වේග භාවිතා කරන්නේ අඩු ආලෝක තත්ත්වයන්හිදී ය. මෙමගින් ෂටරය වැසීමට යන කාලය වැඩිවන බැවින් ඇතුළු වන ආලෝක ප්‍රමාණය ද වැඩිවේ. මෙම මුලික සංකල්පය සේයා පටලවල ද සංඛ්‍යාංක කැමරාවල ද භාවිතා වේ.

ෂටර වේගය තත්පරවලින් මනිනු ලබයි. සූර්යාලෝකය ඇතිවිට ඡායාරූපයක් ලබාගැනීමට ගතවන ෂටර වේගය තත්පරයක් පමණ වේ. නිරාවරණයට අමතරව ප්‍රතිබිම්බ තිරයෙහි ඇතිවන ආකාරයද ෂටර වේගය මගින් වෙනස් කෙරේ. වේගයෙන් චලනය වන වස්තුවක සුන්දරත්වය සටහන් කර ගැනීමට ඡායාරූපය අපැහැදිලි කිරීමට ඉතා දිගු ෂටර වේග භාවිතා කරයි.

සිදුර වෙනස් කිරීම මගින් ක්ෂේත්‍රයේ ගැඹුර තීරණය කරයි. මෙමගින් කොපමණ දුරක ඇති වස්තුවක් වුවද තියුණු ඡායාරූපයක් බවට පත් කළ හැකි ද යන්න තීරණය කරයි. සම්මතයකට අනුව සිදුරු ප්‍රවාහය දැක්වූ විට එක් සිදුරක සිට අනෙක් සිදුර වෙත යාමේ දී ආලෝක ප්‍රමාණය හරියටම දෙගුණ වීම හෝ හරි අඩක් වීම සිදු වේ. එක සිදුරු නැවතුමක් විවෘත කොට ෂටර වේගය එක් පියවරකින් අඩු කළ විට සමාන නිරාවරණයක් ලබා ගැනීමට ෂටර වේග සඳහා සම්මත 2:1 පරිමාණය භාවිතා කරන ලදී. මේ අනුව එකග වූ ෂටර වේග නම්,
 1/1000 S
 1/500 S
 1/250 S
 1/125 S
 1/60 S
 1/30 S
 1/15 S
 1/8 S
 1/4 S
 1/2 S
 1 S
දිගු කාලීන නිරාවරණ සඳහා කැමරා ෂටර වේග යාන්ත්‍රණ 1 ක් හෝ 2 ක් භාවිතා වේ.
 B (බල්බය) - ෂටර නිදහස්කරණ අල්ලාගෙන සිටින තුරු ෂටර විවෘතයි.
 T (කාලය) - ෂටර නිදහස්කරණ නැවත වරෙක ඔබන තුරු ෂටරය විවෘතයි.

පින්තූරය

අත් කැමරාවක මන්දගාමී ෂටර වේගය භාවිතා කොට දක්නට හැකි අපහැදිලි වීමකින් තොරව ඡායාරූපයක් ලබාගැනීම ඡායාරූප ශිල්පියාගේ හැකියාවයි. ඉතා ලංකොට ගන්නා හෝ විශාල කිරීමට බලාපොරොත්තු වන ඡායාරූපයක් ගැනීමේ දී අපැහැදිලි වීම වැළැක්වීම සඳහා වේගවත් ෂටර වේග භාවිතා කිරීමට සිදුවේ.

ෂටර ප්‍රමුඛතාවය ලබාදීම මගින් අර්ධ ස්වයංක්‍රීය කැමරාවක ෂටර වෙනස් කරයි. ශිල්පියා ඊට සුදුසු සිදුරු ප්‍රමාණය කැමරාව මගින් සකස් කරගනී.

තාක්‍ෂණය

contrast
ඡායාරූපකරණයේදී මුළු ආලෝක ශක්තිය සහ ආලෝක තීව්‍රතාවයෙන් නිරාවරණ කාලයේත් ගුණිතය අතර ඇති සමානුපාතික සම්බන්ධතාව පරස්පරතාවය ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. යම් භාගයකින් තීව්‍රතාවය වැඩි කිරීම, එම භාගයෙන්ම නිරාවරණ කාලය අඩු කිරීමට හේතු‍වේ. බොහෝ අමුද්‍රව්‍ය සඳහා විශාල නිරාවරණ කාල පරාසයකට මෙම සම්බන්ධතාව නිවැරදිව වලංගු වේ. පරස්පරතා පරාසයෙන් ආලෝකය අඩු වීමත් සමඟම අවශ්‍ය නිරාවරණ කාලය සමීකරණයෙන් දක්වන අගයට වඩා වැඩි වේ. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස සාමාන්‍ය නිරාවරණය සඳහා අවශ්‍ය ආලෝක ප්‍රමාණය අඩක් වීමේදී, එම ප්‍රති‍ඵලයම ලබා ගැනීමට යොදවන කාලය දෙගුණයකටත් වඩා වැඩි කිරීමට සිදුවේ. මෙය නිවැරදි කිරීමට යොදා ගන්නා භාග පරස්පරතා භාග ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.

තවත් වචන වලින් කියතොත්, සාමාන්‍ය තත්ත්ව යටතේදී සිදුර සහ ෂටර වේගය අතර රේඛිය ප්‍රතිලෝම සම්බන්ධයක් ඇත. එනම් වේගවත් ෂටර වේග සඳහා සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණය විශාල විය යුතුය. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස නිරාවරණය අගය 10 ලබා ගැනීමට සිදුර f/2.8 ද, ෂටර වේග‍ය 1/125 S භාවිතා කළ හැකිය. එම ප්‍රති‍ඵලයම ලබා ගැනීමට සිදුරේ ප්‍රමාණය දෙගුණ කර f/2 ෂටර වේගය අඩක් කළ හැකිය 1/2qs.

නමුත් දිගු නිරාවරණය සඳහා තිරයන්ගේ හැසිරීම අසාමාන්‍ය වේ. ආලෝක කිරණ ව්‍යක්ත පෝටෝන් ලෙස හැඳින්විය හැකි අතර ආලෝක සංවේදී පරාසය ආලෝක සංවේදී කැටියන්ගෙන් සමන්විත වේ. සාමාන්‍යයෙන් රිදී හේලයිඩ ස්ථටික මේ සඳහා යොදා ගැනේ. ප්‍රතික්‍රියාව සිදු වී ප්‍රතිබිම්බය නිර්මාණය කිරීම සඳහා යම් ආලෝක ප්‍රවාහයක් අවශ්‍ය වේ. මෙම රේඛීය සම්බන්ධතාවයේ බිඳ වැටීම පරස්පරතා බිඳ වැටීම ලෙස හැඳින්වේ. ඇතැම් සේයා පටල පරස්පරතා බිඳ වැටීමට පහසුවෙන් ලක්වන අතර ඇතැම් ඒවා එසේ නොවේ. සාමාන්‍ය විහිදුම් මට්ටම් සඳහා සංවේදි ඇතැම් තිරවල සංවේදීතාව දිගු නිරාවරණ කාල වලදී නොමැති වේ. බොහෝ තිර නිපදවන්නන් පරස්පරතා නිවැරදි කිරීම දැනුම් දෙනු ලැබේ.

උදාහරණයක් ලෙස දී ඇති තිරයකට අවශ්‍ය නිරාවරණ අගය 5 නම් හා ඡායාරූප ශිල්පියා සිදුර f/11 ට සකස් කර ඇති අවස්ථාවක තත්පර 4 ක නිරාවරණ කාලයක් අවශ්‍ය වේ. පරස්පරතා නිවැරදි කිරීමේ භාගය 1.6 ක් වීමේදී නිරාවරණ කාලය තප්පර 6 දක්වා දීර්ඝ කරයි.

ඡායාරූපකරණයේ පරස්පරතාවය

ඡායාරූපකරණයේදී සහ ත්‍රිමාන ඡායාරූපකරණයේදී, විශාලත්වය සහ ආලෝක සංවේදී සංයෝගයට නිරාවරණය වී පවතින කාලය අතර ප්‍රති‍ලෝම සම්බන්ධතාවය නිරූපනය කිරීමට පරස්පරතාවය යන්න යොදා ගැනේ.පරස්පරතා නීතියට අනුව නිරාවරණය = විශාලත්වය * කාලය

මේ අනුව කාලය අඩු කිරීමත් සමඟ විශාලත්වය වැඩි කිරීමෙන් සමාන නිරාවරණයක් ලබාගත හැකිය.

සංවේදකයේ හෝ සේයාපට‍ලයේ සම්පුර්ණ නිරාවරණය, නාභී‍යතලයේ ප්‍රදීප්තතාවය සහ නිරාවරණ කාලයේ ගුණිතයෙන් ලබාගත හැකි අතර එය මනිනු ලබන්නේ lux තත්පරයට නමැති ඒකකයෙනි. බොහෝ සංවේදීතාවයන්හිදී මෙම ප්‍රතිලෝම සම්බන්ධතාව භාවිතා කරනු ලබයි. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස ඡායාරූප පායාසයේදි භාවිතා කරනු ලබන හර්ටර් සහ ඩ්‍රිෆිල්ඩ් වක්‍රය දැක්විය හැකිය.

ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි
ඩිජිටල් ඡායාරූපකරණය

ඡයාරූපකරණය


Godt begyndt - en film om skydning er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1983 med instruktion og manuskript af Ivan Bjørn-Jensen. Filmen er produceret af Teknisk Film Laboratorium for Dansk Jagtforening og Dansk Strandjagtforening.

Handling

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1983

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Godt begyndt - en film om skydning


Birori (sardinski: Bìroro) je grad i općina (comune) u pokrajini Nuoru u regiji Sardiniji, Italija. Nalazi se na nadmorskoj visini od 450 metara i ima 531 stanovnika. Prostire se na 17,33 km2. Gustoća naseljenosti je 31 st/km2.Susjedne općine su: Borore, Bortigali, Dualchi i Macomer.

Izvori

Gradovi na Sardiniji

Birori


An Psychilis in uska genus han Liliopsida. An Psychilis in nahilalakip ha familia nga Orchidaceae.

An kladograma hini sumala ha Catalogue of Life:

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Psychilis

Psychilis


Ernst Otto Paul Herold (* 27. September 1874 in Leipzig; † August 1939 in Chicago) war ein deutschamerikanischer Artist und Zirkusdarsteller. Berühmt geworden ist er unter dem Beinamen "Riese".

Familie
Paul Herold stammte aus einfachen Verhältnissen und wurde am 27. September 1874 als erstes Kind der Familie in Leipzig geboren. Sein Vater arbeitete bei der Sächsischen Staatseisenbahn, seine Mutter war bei der Geburt 21 Jahre alt und die Tochter eines Huf- und Waffenschmieds aus der Gegend von Wurzen. Die Eltern lebten in der damaligen Lützowstraße, der heutigen Niederkirchnerstraße in der Südvorstadt.

Jugendjahre
Wann genau das sprunghafte Wachstum des Paul Herold begann, ist ungewiss. Doch schon in Jugendjahren muss er sehr groß gewesen sein, und er wuchs immer weiter, bis er schließlich die stattliche Körpergröße von 2,36 Metern erreicht hatte. Andere Quellen sprechen gar von 2,43 Metern. Einige alte Aufnahmen von ihm belegen, dass er mit Sicherheit in den Jahren von 1896 bis 1927 auch als "Riese", als Artist, seinen Lebensunterhalt verdient hat. Paul Herold kam dadurch schon in jungen Jahren an Orte in ganz Deutschland, wie Stettin, Krefeld und Elberfeld. Hier ließ er sich mit dem fast gleich großen Riesen Leony ablichten. Die Aufnahme widmete er 1896 seiner Familie. Später zog es ihn nach ganz Europa und Nordafrika.

Karriere

Viele Jahre hat Paul Herold an verschiedenen Orten in den USA gelebt und gearbeitet. Stationen waren 1921 Los Angeles, 1924 New York und 1927 Buffalo. Einem Millionenpublikum bekannt geworden sein dürfte er durch seine Auftritte im Zirkus Barnum. Zu seinen Kollegen gehörte Barnums Original Zipp, auch Zip the Pinhead genannt. Der Sohn afroamerikanischer Sklaven war wesentlich älter als Paul Herold. Seine Besonderheit war sein seltsam verformter Kopf, der im Gegensatz zum Körper klein war und ihn jünger aussehen ließ. Auf Fotos von Paul Herold ist erkennbar, dass er seine Körperlänge durch geeignete Kopfbedeckungen optisch noch vergrößert hat. Vielfach trat er auch mit einem Militärgewand kostümiert auf.

Leben
Paul Herold war mit einer Wiener Sängerin verheiratet, die normal groß war. Offenbar hat Paul Herold durch alle Jahre seines bewegten Lebens Kontakte mit seinen Verwandten aufrechterhalten. In einem Brief an seine Familie, den er zu Weihnachten 1927 schrieb, schildert er eindrücklich seine Erlebnisse in den USA. Selbst für ihn war es nicht leicht, in einem Land zu arbeiten, "wo sie einem erst recht nichts schenken", aber wenn man sich einigermaßen gesund fühle, möge es noch gehen.

Paul Herolds Frau durfte vorerst nicht mit ihm in die USA ziehen, da sie zur österreichischen Quote gehörte und lange auf die Einwanderungserlaubnis warten musste. 1927 wartete er bereits vier Jahre auf sie, und stand kurz davor, wieder nach Deutschland zurückzukehren. Doch es sollte anders kommen. Er blieb in den USA und starb 1939 in Chicago in einem Hospital.

Literatur
 Charles D. Humbert: Gigantism of the infantilism type and its disclosure of the pathogenesis of pigeon breast and funnel chest. Medical Journal and Record Publishing Company, New York, 1938.

Weblinks
 Eintrag über Paul Herold bei The tallest man

Artist
Deutscher
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1874
Gestorben 1939
Mann
Deutscher Emigrant in den Vereinigten Staaten

Paul Herold (Artist)


Alexander Victor Schauffele, mais conhecido como Xander Schauffele (San Diego, 25 de outubro de 1993), é um jogador profissional de golfe estadunidense, campeão olímpico.

Carreira
Filho de pai imigrante naturalizado alemão e francês e mãe imigrante naturalizada taiwanesa que cresceu no Japão, seu pai foi seu único treinador de swing ao longo de sua carreira no golfe. Dois dos bisavôs de Schauffele jogaram futebol no primeiro nível europeu: Johann Hoffmann e Richard Schauffele. Nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020, conquistou a medalha de ouro na disputa masculina.

Ligações externas
 Site oficial
 Perfil no PGA Tour
 Perfil no European Tour

Medalhistas olímpicos do golfe
Medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Golfistas nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2020
Golfistas olímpicos dos Estados Unidos
Naturais de San Diego
Campeões olímpicos dos Estados Unidos

Xander Schauffele


الغبار الكوني هو نوع من الغبار الموجود بالفضاء الخارجي. ويتكون من حبيبات مكونة من عدة جزيئات إلى حبيبات يبلغ مقاييسها 1و0 من المليمتر (في المتوسط 3و0 ميكرومتر). و هناك أنواع مختلفة من الغبار الكوني وهي تعتمد على مكان تواجده، فمنها ما يوجد في المجرات ومنها الغبار البين نجمي وهو ما يشكل السدم، والغبار بين الكواكب. وترجع أهمية الغبار الكوني إلى مساهمته في المراحل الأولية من تكون النجوم و النجوم ذات الكواكب مثل المجموعة الشمسية.

ويطلق على الذرات والجزيئات المنتشرة بين الكواكب والنجوم في المجرات اسم الغبار الكوني، وبتجمع الغبار الكوني في السدم تتكون النجوم في المجرات. ويتجلى دور السدم في تشكل النجوم في أن بإمكانها أن تتجمع جاذبيا مكونة نجما أو تجمعات نجمية تسمى ثريا (عنقود نجمي). ويرجح أن الشمس تكونت من سديم يحوي كمية كبيرة جدا من الغبار الكوني كافية لتكوين الشمس وتوابعها وبذلك تكونت المجموعة الشمسية، وأقترح كانت ولابلاس هذا المشهد لأول مرة في أواسط القرن الثامن عشر.

أهمية دراسة الغبار الكوني

كان الغبار الكوني في الماضي محيرا بالنسبة للفلكيين إذ انه يحجب ما خلفة من الأجرام السماوية. ثم بتطور علم الفلك بقياس الأشعة تحت الحمراء أصبح في إمكان علماء الفلك وسيله لرؤية تفاصيل الأجرام السماوية والظواهر الكونية المختفية خلف الغبار الكوني. إذ أن الغبار الكوني لا يمنع من مرور الأشعة تحت الحمراء من خلالها بسبب طول موجتها الطويلة نسبيا.

وعلى سبيل المثال فيمكن أن ينشأ الغبار الكوني نتيجة انفجار أحد النجوم بما يعرف بالمستعر عن نهاية عمره، أو يمكن أن يكوّن بالإضافة إلى الهيدروجين والهيليوم نجوما أو يكوّن كوكبا. ويعكس الغبار الكوني في مجرتنا الضوء وبصفة خاصة الغبار الموجود في حوصلتها المركزية، وهو يشكل حلقات المشتري وزحل وغيرها من الكواكب وهو جزء من المذنبات.

تكوين الغبار الكوني

يختلف التركيب الكيميائي للغبار الكوني بحسب إغلب العناصر الموجودة في الغاز بين النجوم. ويمن تقسيمها كالآتي:
 السيليكات وبصفة خاصة البيروكسين Pyroxene) MgxFe1-xSiO3) والأوليفين Olivine ) Mg2xFe2(1-x)SiO4 ).
(مركبات تحتوي على الحديد والمغنسيوم والسيليكون).
 الكربون في صورة الجرافيت ويكون حُبيبِي الشكل.
 ثليج ويمكن ان يكون ثليج الماء أو ثليج ثاني أكسيد الكربون.

وشكل حبيبات الغبار الكوني بعيد عن الشكل الكري، ويمحتوي بنسبة 40 % على فراغات مسامية.
ويبلغ درجة حرارة الغبار ال
كوني في المتوسط بين 50 كلفن و 100 كلفن كما يمكن أن تصل درجة حرارة السحب الجزيئية بين 10 إلى 20 كلفن وهذه تشكل مناطق تكوين النجوم الجديدة. وتوجد سحب غبارية عاكسة للضوء كما في السدم تعكس ضوء النجوم القريبة منها.

من مجهودات ناسا
اهتمت ناسا قبيل إرسال رواد الفضاء إلى الفضاء الخارجي بالتعرف على الغبار الجوي المحيط بكوكب الأرض وإذا كان هذا الغبار يشكل خطرا على حياة رواد الفضاء. لذلك أرسلت ناسا في أوائل الستينيات من القرن الماضي أجهزة لاصتياد عينات منها من محيط الأرض والعودة بها لدراستها. ثم قامت بعثات رواد الفضاء في اطار برنامج أبولو برحلاتها إلى الفضاء ورحلات الفضاء بدون أن يشكل ذلك الغبار خطرا على حياة الرواد. وينتمي إلى تلك المجهودات ما قام به كين ماتينجلي خلال رحلة أبولو 16.

اقرأ أيضا
 أبراج التخليق
 منطقة هيدروجين II
 منطقة هيدروجين I
 وسط بين كوكبي
 ستاردست

مراجع

علم الأحياء الفلكي
علم الفلك المجري
علم الفلك خارج المجري
علوم كوكبية
كيمياء فلكية

غبار كوني


Angelica amazonensis, jedina vrsta kukca opnokrilca (Hymenoptera) iz roda Angelica, porodice parazitskih osica Braconidae (brakonidne osice).
Rod je opisan 2002 godine i uključen u potporodicu Doryctinae.

Izvori

Utegnutozadčani

Angelica amazonensis


Gordon Randall Phillip David Garrett (December 16, 1927 – December 31, 1987) was an American science fiction and fantasy author. He was a contributor to Astounding and other science fiction magazines of the 1950s and 1960s. He instructed Robert Silverberg in the techniques of selling large quantities of action-adventure science fiction, and collaborated with him on two novels about men from Earth disrupting a peaceful agrarian civilization on an alien planet.

Biography and writing career

Garrett is best known for the Lord Darcy books — the novel Too Many Magicians and two short story collections — set in an alternate world where a joint Anglo-French empire still led by a Plantagenet dynasty has survived into the twentieth century and where magic works and has been scientifically codified. The Darcy books are rich in jokes, puns, and references (particularly to works of detective and spy fiction: Lord Darcy is modeled on Sherlock Holmes), elements often appearing in the shorter works about the detective. Michael Kurland wrote two additional Lord Darcy novels after Garrett's death.

Garrett wrote under a variety of pseudonyms including: David Gordon, John Gordon, Darrel T. Langart (an anagram of his name), Alexander Blade, Richard Greer, Ivar Jorgensen, Clyde Mitchell, Leonard G. Spencer, S. M. Tenneshaw, Gerald Vance. He was also a founding member of the Society for Creative Anachronism, as "Randall of Hightower" (a pun on "garret"). The short novel Brain Twister, written by Garrett with author Laurence Janifer (using the joint pseudonym Mark Phillips), was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1960.

An inveterate punster (defining a pun as "the odor given off by a decaying mind"), he was a favorite guest at science fiction conventions and friend to many fans, especially in Southern California.  According to various anecdotes in a tribute volume, Garrett was cherished by his friends, who often repeated anecdotes of his behavior, but horrified many women, to whom he routinely introduced himself with obscene propositions.<ref name="Best">'Robert Silverberg, ed., 'The Best of Randall Garrett, 1982 Pocket Books </ref>  He introduced himself to Marion Zimmer Bradley with the Latin sentence "Coito ergo sum," (sic) which she did not understand until it was explained to her some time later as an obscenity, and at another time to a pregnant Anne McCaffrey with "sly innuendoes" which horrified her.  Philip José Farmer recounted an anecdote where Garrett was punched by his then-wife for having a pair of someone else's lace underpants in his pocket, and later ran naked through a hotel after being caught having sex with another woman in the wrong room.  Frank Herbert said "You could follow his movements around this Creative Anachronists' picnic by the squeals of the women whose bottoms he had just pinched."  Isaac Asimov referred to Garrett's offending Judith Merril to the point where she emptied an ashtray over his and Garrett's heads.

Garrett was married to fellow author Vicki Ann Heydron, who largely wrote the Gandalara Cycle fantasy series credited to both spouses; they met in 1975, at the home of their mutual agent, and were married in December 1978. In 1986, Heydron specified that she had been Garrett's third wife "and at least his sixth collaborator".

In 1999, Randall Garrett was posthumously awarded the Sidewise Award for Alternate History Special Achievement Award for the Lord Darcy series. He was also ordained in the Old Catholic Church. Glen Cook's private detective character Garrett P.I. is named in honor of Garrett.

Health
In the summer of 1979, Garrett contracted a viral infection which led to meningitis and/or encephalitis, and, subsequently, severe amnesia.  Hoping that his condition was temporary, Heydron served as his caregiver for two years, but in August 1981, "for the sake of his health and [her own] sanity, [...] allowed him to be hospitalized."

In The Best of Randall Garrett, a combined anthology and festschrift which was published in January 1982, editor Robert Silverberg (a personal friend of Garrett's) stated that although the infection "for a time threatened [Garrett's] life and for a much longer time has made it impossible for him to work", Garrett was "fighting his way back to full recovery"  — and, indeed, when Algis Budrys reviewed the anthology in the August 1982 issue of the Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction, he stated that he had been told that "when last seen, Garrett was seated at a dinner table, cheerfully ignoring the assembled company and attempting to remember the words to a dirty song"; however, in October 1982, Dave Langford reported that the Hugo Award ceremony at that year's Worldcon had included an announcement that Garrett "had permanently lost his memory". By 1986, the "about the authors" text in the novel The River Wall, credited to Garrett and Heydron, described Garrett as having suffered "serious and permanent injury", and in 2011, Langford and Brian M. Stableford's entry on Garrett in The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction summarized him as having been "hospitalized from 1981 until his death" in 1987.

Bibliography

Gandalara Cycle
By Garrett and his wife Vicki Ann Heydron; written by Heydron from a draft of the first volume and an outline of the series by Garrett.
 The Steel of Raithskar (1981)
 The Glass of Dyskornis (1982)
 The Bronze of Eddarta (1983)
 The Well of Darkness (1983)
 The Search for Kä (1984)
 Return to Eddarta (1985)
 The River Wall (1986)
 The Gandalara Cycle I (1986), omnibus of #1-3 above
 The Gandalara Cycle II (1986), omnibus of #4-6 above

Lord Darcy series
 Murder and Magic (1979), collection of 1964–1973 stories
 Too Many Magicians (1966), magazine serialization 1966
 Lord Darcy Investigates (1981), collection of 1974–1979 stories
 Lord Darcy (1983), omnibus containing all three books above. The 2002 edition adds two previously  uncollected stories, with minor editing to remove repetitions of the backstory.

Nidorian series
With Robert Silverberg, as Robert Randall.
 The Shrouded Planet (1957)
 The Dawning Light (1959)

Collections
 Takeoff! (1980), composed of tongue-in-cheek imitations of a number of other authors and universes, such as E.E. "Doc" Smith's Lensman series and Reginald Bretnor's Ferdinand Feghoot (who is "Benedict Breadfruit" in Garrett's treatment).

Short stories

 "The Hunting Lodge" (1954)
 "The Best Policy" (1957) also as David Gordon. A smart Earthling is abducted by a reconnaissance group of hostile aliens, but convinces them that Earthlings are a far more advanced and superior race, so they end up sending humble ambassadors instead of conquering the planet. The catch is these aliens have a perfect truth detector, so the hero has to phrase his every comment very carefully so that he can pull off such a huge lie while being literally honest.
 "The Queen Bee" (1958)
 "Backward, Turn Backward" (1959)
 "Despoilers of the Golden Empire" (1959)
 "But, I Don't Think" (1959)

Novels

 Anything You Can Do (1963)  (Originally published in Analog Science Fact & Fiction as a two-part serial under the pseudonym Darrel T Langart and concluded in the May and June 1962 issue-with illustrations).

The collection Takeoff Too included a poem, which the editor titled "The Egyptian Diamond", which was erroneously credited to Garrett. It was actually written by Jack Bennett and originally published under the title "Ben Ali the Egyptian". Parts of "Ben Ali the Egyptian" were'' quoted in Garrett's short story "The Foreign Hand Tie."

References

External links

 Bibliography on SciFan

1927 births
1987 deaths
20th-century American male writers
20th-century American novelists
20th-century American short story writers
American Old Catholics
American fantasy writers
American male novelists
American male short story writers
American science fiction writers
Analog Science Fiction and Fact people
Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
Sidewise Award winners

Randall Garrett


Rönök (em : Radling; : Renik; : Rönik) é um município da Hungria, situado no condado de Vas. Tem  de área e sua população em 2015 foi estimada em 409 habitantes.

Localidades de Vas (Hungria)

Rönök


Kefen ya da yakasız gömlek, ölen kişinin, kabre konulmadan önce sarıldığı bez.

Erkekler için, kamis, izar, lifafe; kadınlar için ise, kamis, izar, lifafe, baş örtüsü ve göğüslerin üzerine bağlanan bezden ibarettir.

Yeteri kadar bez bulunamayacak olursa, erkekler için izar ve lifafe, kadınlar için de izar, lifafe ve baş örtüsü kâfi görülür. Bu kadar da bulunamazsa, cenaze bir beze sarılıp gömülür. Kefenin beyaz ve pamuklu kumaştan olması tercih edilir.

İslam'da defin

Kefen


عاصف حميدي إعلامي فلسطيني وهو مدير الأخبار في قناة الجزيرة منذ العام 2015

بعد أن تدرج في مناصب عدة فيها؛ فمن منتج للأخبار ومشرف إلى مدير تحرير فمدير أخبار، كما عمل في شبكة الجزيرة كمدرب إعلامي في معهد الجزيرة للتدريب.
قبل عمله في قناة الجزيرة، عمل كرئيس تحرير في قناة أبو ظبي في الفترة 2000-2005م.

غطى العديد من الأحداث الساخنة كمراسل ميداني في أفغانستان والعراق وفلسطين وإيران ولبنان وجنوب أفريقيا والفلبين. حاصل على شهادة البكالوريوس في الصحافة والإعلام من جامعة اليرموك الأردنية.

أعماله
له كتاب في الإعلام بعنوان «العمل الإذاعي والتلفزيوني - مفاتيح النجاح وأسرار الإبداع» وهو مقرر جامعي في بعض الجامعات العربية منها جامعة الملك سعود في المملكة العربية السعودية. وله كذلك مؤلفان آخران هما «الكتابة للصورة» والثاني «دليل المراسل التلفزيوني»

المراجع

وصلات خارجية
 نبذة عن عاصف حميدي
 جوجل - كتب

صحفيو قناة الجزيرة
صحفيون فلسطينيون

عاصف حميدي


Bahadırzade Arabacı Ali Paşa, ("Kadı Ali Paşa", "Arap Kulu Ali Paşa" olarak da anılır) (d. 1620, Ohri - ö. 1693 Rodos) II. Ahmed saltanatında, 19 Ağustos 1691 - 27 Mart 1692 tarihleri arasında altı ay yirmi dokuz gün sadrazamlık yapmış Osmanlı devlet adamıdır.

Hayatı
Ohri'lidir. Arabacı Ali Paşa medrese tahsili görüp icazet almıştır. İmamlıktan başlayarak bazı nahiyelerde naiplik ve sonra kadılık yapmıştır.  Daha sonra önce Koca Halil Paşa kethudalık yapmış ve ondan sonra Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Paşa'ya intisap ederek kethudalık ve sedarat kethudalığı yapmıştır. Kasım 1689'da Yeniçeri Ağası olmuştur. Fazıl Mustafa Paşa cepheye serdar-ı ekrem olarak gittiğinde rikap kaymakamlığı görevi verilmiştir.

19 Ağustos 1691'de Slankamen Savaşı'nda şehit düşen Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Paşa yerine Şeyhülislam Ebusaitzade Feyzullah Feyzi Efendi ve Kazasker "Yahya Efendi" himaye ve tavsiyeleri ile sadrazamlığa getirilmiştir. Devam etmekte olan Avusturya-Osmanlı Savaşı'na serdar-ı ekrem olarak gitmesi uygun gelirken, çeşitli bahaneler bularak cepheye gitmekten sakınmıştır. Savaşta galip gelen Avusturyalılar Eylül 1691'de Varat Kalesi'ni kuşatmışlar; ama bu kale 12 Haziran 1692'ye kadar Avusturyalılara karşı dayanmıştır.

Slankamen Savaşı'nda Osmanlı süvarileri komutanlığı yapan ve Osmanlılar tarafından Erdel Kralı olarak kabul edilen Tökeli İmre, 14 Ocak 1692'de sadrazamın daveti üzerine Edirne'ye gelmiştir.

Bu arada Arabacı Ali Paşa kendisine muhalefet edenleri ve rakip gördüğü ileri gelenleri azil, sürgün ve idam ettirmeye başlamıştır. Arabacı Ali Paşa sürgüne veya ölüme mahkûm edilen kişileri önce huzuruna getirtir; sonra da sarayının binektaşı önüne getirilen bir araba ile gidecekleri yere gönderirdi. En son olarak hasım olarak gördüğü kızlar ağası Uzun İsmail Ağa'yı sürgüne göndermek için II. Ahmet'e baskı yapmış ve geleneklere aykırı olarak onu sürgüne götürmek için saraya bir araba göndermişti. 27 Mart 1692'de olan bu "araba vakası" dolayısıyla II. Ahmet, Arabacı Ali Paşa'ya çok kızmış ve onu sadrazamlıktan azil etmiştir. Sonra da Arabacı Ali Paşa, Uzun İsmail Ağa'yı sürgüne göndermek için saraya gönderdiği arabaya konularak kendisi sürgüne gönderilmiştir. Bu nedenle lakabının "Arabacı" olduğu bildirilir.

Görevinden azlinden sonra ilk önce Gelibolu'ya, ardından da Rodos'a sürülmüştür. 1693 yılında ise tekrar sadrazam olacağı yolunda söylentiler İstanbul'da yayılınca bir fitne çıkarması ihtimal dahilindedir diye düşünülerek Rodos'ta boğularak idam edilmiştir. Edirne ve İstanbul'da bulunan taşınır eşyası ve emlakları devletçe müsadere edilmiştir.

Değerlendirme

"Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi"ne göre.
Çağdaşlarınca yalancılık, düzenbazlık ve garazkarlık gibi kötü sıfatlarla itham edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Danişmend, İsmail Hâmi (1971),Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, İstanbul: Türkiye Yayınevi.
 Uzunçarşılı, İsmail Hakkı, (1954) Osmanlı Tarihi III. Cilt, 2. Kısım , XVI. Yüzyıl Ortalarından XVII. Yüzyıl Sonuna kadar), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu (Altıncı Baskı 2011 ISBN 978-975-16-0010) say.435-436
 Özcan, Abdülkadir "Ali Paşa (Arabacı)" (1999), Yaşamları ve Yapıtlarıyla Osmanlılar Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul:Yapı Kredi Kültür Sanat Yayıncılık A.Ş. C.1 s.222 ISBN 975-08-0072-9
 Buz, Ayhan, (2009) Osmanlı Sadrazamları, İstanbul: Neden Kitap, ISBN 975-254-278-5,

1620 doğumlular
Ohri doğumlular
1693 yılında ölenler
17. yüzyıl liderleri
17. yüzyılda Osmanlılar
Osmanlı sadrazamları
Osmanlı-Kutsal İttifak Savaşları'ndaki kişiler
İdam edilmiş Makedonlar
İdam edilmiş Osmanlılar

Arabacı Ali Paşa


Takuma Sato (d. 28 Ocak 1977, Tokyo), Japon Formula 1 pilotudur.

Kariyeri
Sato yarışmaya 1996'da başladı. Japon pilot kendisine bir kart alabilmek için para biriktirmeye başladı. Honda okuluna kabul edildi ve Sato'nun yükselişi başladı. Honda kendisini destekledi ve 1998'de All Japan Formula three Championship'te yüksek maaşla yarışmasını sağladı. Ancak o, bu fırsatı değerlendirmektense Avrupa'ya gitmeyi tercih etti. Diamond racing takımı ile Formula Vauxhall serisinde yarıştıktan sonra Formula Opel serisine geçti. 1999'da ilk kez bir tam sezonda yarışan Sato, Formula Opel Euroseries'i 6. sırada bitirdi. Aynı zamanda British F3 Championship serisinin son birkaç yarışında yarıştı. Carlin Motorsport'tan B notu alan Sato, 2000 yılında A notu almayı başardı ve seriyi 3. sırada bitirdi. F1 ile ilk tanışması BAR ve Jordan adına yaptığı testler ile oldu. BAR takımı ile 2001 yılı için test pilotluğu sözleşmesi yaptı. F3'de devam eden Sato, 13 yarışın 12'sini kazanarak Şampiyon oldu. Ayrıca Marlboro Masters serisinde Zandvoord ve Macau'da galibiyet aldı. 2002 yılında Jordan ile kontrat yapan Sato, Giancarlo Fisichella'nın takım arkadaşı oldu. Sezonu Suzuki 5.liğiyle bitirdi. 2003 sezonuna Honda'nın test pilotu olarak girdi. Villeneuve'nin son yarışta ayrılmasıyla takıma o katıldı. Altıncı olduğu 2004 sezonunda sekizinci oldu ve bir kez podyuma çıktı. 2005 sezonunda sadece 1 puan aldı ve takımı 2006 yılında onu bıraktı. O da 2006'da Super Aguri F1'le devam etti. Takımının 6 Mayıs 2008 tarihinde çekilmesiyle boşta kaldı. Bir sezonluk boşluğun ardından 2010 yılında Indycar serisinde yarışmaya başladı.

1977 doğumlular
Japon Formula 1 pilotları
Jordan pilotları
Yaşayan insanlar
Tokyo doğumlu sporcular

Takuma Sato


Ataçınarı, Tunceli ilinin Mazgirt ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köyün eski ismi "Veliyan" olup 1960 yılı nüfus sayımından itibaren Ataçınarı adıyla kayıtlarda yer almaktadır.

Coğrafya
Tunceli il merkezine 80 km, Mazgirt ilçesine 47 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Mazgirt belde ve köyleri

Ataçınarı, Mazgirt


An Rhynchospora papillosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni William Wayt Thomas. An Rhynchospora papillosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Rhynchospora, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Rhynchospora

Rhynchospora papillosa


Cabriolet (diğer yazılışılarıyla kabriyole, cabrio, kabriyo), tavanı açılıp kapanabilen otomobil türü.

Tavanı tenteden yapılmışsa softtop, tavanı metalden yapılmışsa hardtop diye kendi arasında sınıflandırılır.

Otomobiller tasarımı

Cabriolet


Rave, DJ'lerin tekrar eden ritimlere sahip elektronik müzik çaldığı organize dans partisi.

1950'li yıllarda İngiltere'de "rave" terimi, Beatnik stereotipiyle ilişkilendirilen bohem partiler için kullanılıyordu. Rave akımına elektronik müziğin dâhil olması, 1980'lerde Chicago'lu acid house müzisyenlerinin uluslararası bir tanınırlık kazanmasıyla olmuştur. Manchester'da başlayan yeni rave akımı sonradan Londra'ya yayılmıştır. Rave akımının Britanya'da büyük kitlelere ulaştığı 1988 yazı ayrıca İkinci Aşk Yazı (Second Summer of Love) olarak da isimlendirilir. 1990'lara gelindiğinde ise Birleşik Krallık hükûmeti lisanssız rave partilerini (free party) kısıtlamak için çeşitli önlemler aldı.

Kısıtlamalar

Birleşik Krallık'ın John Major hükûmeti döneminde hazırlanan 1994 Ceza Adaleti ve Kamu Düzeni Yasasının 63, 64 ve 65 numaralı kısımları doğrudan free party'leri hedef almıştır. Bu yasa polislere, yüz veya daha fazla kişinin katıldığı veya iki veya daha fazla kişinin hazırlık yaptığı açık alan rave partilerini durdurma yetkisi verdi. Yasanın 65. kısmı üniformalı polis memurlarına, 5 millik bir yarıçapta bulunan bir rave'e gitmek üzere olduğunu düşündüğü bir kişiyi durdurma ve uyarıyı dikkate almaması durumunda £1000'u aşmamak kaydıyla para cezası verebilme yetkisi verdi. Hükûmet, yasanın oluşturulma sebebinin tüm gece süren partilerin gürültü ve karışıklık yaratarak çevre sakinlerini rahatsız etmesi ve kırsal bölgeleri korumak olduğunu açıklamıştır. Bazı raver'lar ise yasanın amacının, gençleri MDMA'den uzaklaştırmak ve vergiye tabi olan alkole geri döndürmek olduğunu söylemiştir.

Kaynakça

Müzik altkültürleri

Rave


Altenmoor Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Steinburg iline bağlı yerleşim yeri. 6,12 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Mart 2010 itibarıyla 276 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Wolfgang Borchert-Koschany tarafından yürütülmektedir.
t-horst.de]

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 www.am

Steinburg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Altenmoor


Denísov (en kazajo Денисов ауданы) es uno de los 16 distritos en los que se divide la provincia de Kostanay, Kazajistán.

Población

Según el Censo de 1999, tenía 29.333 habitantes. Para el Censo de 2009 se había registrado un importante descenso de la población y se contabilizaron 21.912 habitantes.

Referencias

Provincia de Kostanay

Denisov


Citation (April 11, 1945 – August 8, 1970) was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who is the eighth winner of the American Triple Crown. He won 16 consecutive stakes races and was the first horse in history to win .

Background
Owned and bred by Calumet Farm in Lexington, Kentucky, Citation was a bay colt by Bull Lea from the imported mare Hydroplane (GB), who was by the leading sire Hyperion. Although Citation was bred in Kentucky, his pedigree was largely European. He also traces back through his father Bull Lea to two outstanding horses from New Zealand (Trenton and Carbine), both sired by English sire Musket, the much loved and revered superstar of the late 1800s. As a descendant of the broodmare Glasalt, Citation was related to the 2000 Guineas winner Colorado: the same branch of Thoroughbred "Family" 3-l later produced the Preakness Stakes winner Gate Dancer.

Citation was trained by the Hall of Fame inductee Ben Jones and his son, Hall of Famer Horace A. "Jimmy" Jones. The horse was originally ridden by Al Snider and later by Eddie Arcaro and Steve Brooks.

Racing career

1947: two-year-old season
Citation won his first start as a two-year-old at the Havre de Grace racetrack on April 22, 1947. The race was a 4 1/2 furlong sprint on a sloppy track. He won by 3/4 of a length in :54 1/5. He broke the Arlington Park track record over five furlongs in his third start. For the year, he raced nine times, winning eight starts and earning $155,680. His only loss came at the heels of his stablemate, Bewitch, in the Washington Park Futurity, which the filly won in stakes record time for six furlongs. Citation racked up victories in the Elementary Stakes, Futurity Trial, Futurity Stakes, and Pimlico Futurity. He was named champion two-year-old.

1948: three-year-old season
Citation started the 1948 racing season with two victories over older horse Armed, who had been named Thoroughbred racing's 1947 Horse of the Year, in an allowance race and the Seminole Handicap. It is rare for a three-year-old to defeat older horses so early in the year, let alone a top handicap star such as Armed.

After Citation won the Everglades Stakes and the Flamingo Stakes at Hialeah Park, Snider drowned while fishing off the Florida Keys. Calumet Farm hired Arcaro, one of Snider's friends. In Arcaro's first start on Citation, they lost to Saggy in the Chesapeake Trial Stakes. This was the last race that Citation lost for almost two years.

Citation reversed the loss to Saggy in the Chesapeake Stakes at Havre de Grace Racetrack, which he won over Bovard by 4 lengths, with Saggy well back. Citation followed with his final Kentucky Derby prep, a win in the Derby Trial Stakes.

In the Kentucky Derby, ridden by Arcaro, Citation won by 3 lengths over his stablemate, eventual 1949 Horse of the Year Coaltown, and Arcaro gave the widow of former jockey Al Snider a share of his Derby purse money. Citation was then sent to Baltimore where he won the Preakness Stakes by 5 lengths. There was a 4-week gap between the Preakness and Belmont and Citation's trainer thought he should run in a race during that time as a "warm-up" for Cy's Belmont. It was decided Cy would run in the Jersey Stakes which he won by an easy 11 lengths. Now he was ready to go to Belmont Park in New York. On June 12, 1948, Citation became the eighth Triple Crown winner by capturing the Belmont Stakes, winning it by 8 lengths and tying the stakes record of 2:28 set by the sixth Triple Crown winner, Count Fleet.

Citation then won the Stars and Stripes Handicap, equaling Armed's track record. He next won the American Derby and the Sysonby Mile. After that came the Jockey Club Gold Cup at , which he won by seven lengths over 1947 Preakness winner Phalanx. He then won the Empire City Gold Cup.

In Citation's next start, he deterred potential challengers and won the Pimlico Special in a rare walkover. Citation then traveled to California, where he finished the year with two wins, including in the Tanforan Handicap at Tanforan Racetrack.

By the end of his three-year-old season, Citation had a record of 20 starts, 19 wins and $709,470, for a new single season record. His total career record now stood at 27 victories and two seconds in 29 starts and earnings of $865,150. He had also amassed a 15-race winning streak. For his performances, Citation was named Horse of the Year, gaining 161 of a possible 163 votes in the poll conducted by Turf and Sport Digest magazine. Toward the end of his three-year-old season, he developed an osselet.

1950–1951: later career
The osselet injury kept Citation from racing in 1949, but he came back to race in 1950, winning his 16th race in a row at Santa Anita Park (a streak that stood alone among major North American stakes horses until Cigar equaled the feat in 1994–96; Zenyatta and Peppers Pride both later broke the mark by winning their 19th race in a row, Peppers Pride in 2008 and Zenyatta in 2010; Rapid Redux then surpassed their records in 2012 with 22 straight wins, although not against major stakes competition). His owner, Calumet Farm, had brought Citation back from his injury in 1950 with the intention of making him the first horse to earn $1 million, but he came against the English import Noor, who defeated Citation four times (Citation carrying more weight in the first three encounters), in the Santa Anita Handicap at 1 miles, the San Juan Capistrano Handicap at 1 miles in world record time, the Forty Niners Handicap at 1 miles in track record time, and the Golden Gate Handicap.

In the latter event, Noor conceded weight to Citation and set a world record of 1:58 which stood as an American record on a dirt track until Spectacular Bid broke it 30 years later. Citation's times in these races would have also been records; he did not become a millionaire at age five solely because Noor ran faster than any horse in history up to that point. Citation himself set a world record in winning the Golden Gate Mile Handicap in 1:33 in a race that Noor sat out.

Citation was brought back by his owners one more time at age six in 1951 in an attempt to become the first racehorse to win a record one million dollars. After two third-place finishes, Citation finished out of the money for the first time in the Hollywood Premiere Handicap. After another loss in the Argonaut Handicap, he returned to form with victories in the Century Handicap, American Handicap, and Hollywood Gold Cup, winning over his stablemate, the mare Bewitch. The Gold Cup victory put him over $1 million in career earnings, and he was then retired to stud.

Stud record
Citation retired after the Hollywood Gold Cup. As a sire at Calumet Farm, he produced a number of noteworthy offspring including the Hall of Fame filly Silver Spoon, Get Around (won $164,868), Guadalcanal (won $243,337) and 1956 Preakness Stakes winner Fabius.

While at stud at Calumet Farm, he was said to be afraid of owner Lucille P. Markey's Yorkshire Terrier Timmy Tammy.  The dog reportedly nipped at him on several occasions.

He died on August 8, 1970, at the age of 25 and was buried in the horse cemetery at Calumet Farm.

Honors
In 1959, Citation was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame.

In the Blood-Horse magazine ranking of the Top 100 U.S. Thoroughbred champions of the 20th Century, Citation was ranked #3.

Around the time of Citation's death, Jim Taylor, a marketing executive at Cessna Aircraft Company, convinced chairman Dwane Wallace to use Citation's name for the new business jet Cessna was designing. Cessna has continued to use the Citation name and trademark horseshoe logo for an entire series of jet aircraft that comprise the Cessna Citation family. Even today, pictures of Citation line the hallways of Cessna's buildings.

A famous statue of Citation can be found at Hialeah Park. This statue is shown in Godfather II as Michael Corleone travels to Miami to visit Hyman Roth.

In 2020, as part of a fundraiser for emergency relief efforts due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a "virtual Kentucky Derby" was held wherein the field included all 13 Triple Crown winners. Citation finished second (placed) to Secretariat.

Pedigree

See also
 List of leading Thoroughbred racehorses
 List of racehorses

References

 Adapted from the article Citation (horse), from Wikinfo, licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License.

External links
 Citation's Kentucky Derby
 Georgeff, Phil. Citation: In a Class by Himself (2003) Taylor Trade Publishing
 Citation at the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame

1945 racehorse births
1970 racehorse deaths
Racehorses trained in the United States
Horse racing track record setters
Racehorses bred in Kentucky
Kentucky Derby winners
Preakness Stakes winners
Belmont Stakes winners
Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing winners
American Thoroughbred Horse of the Year
United States Thoroughbred Racing Hall of Fame inductees
Horse monuments
Thoroughbred family 3-l

Citation (horse)


හෙලන් ජොඈන් "ජෝ" කොක්ස් ( ලීඩ්බීටර්; 22 ජූනි 1974 – 16 ජූනි 2016) යනු, බ්‍රිතාන්‍ය කම්කරු පක්ෂ දේශපාලනඥවරියක් විය.  2015 මහා මැතිවරණයෙහිදී ඉහළ බහුතර ඡන්ද සංඛ්‍යාවක් සහිතව කම්කරු පක්ෂය සඳහා අසුන රැකගත් ඇය, 2015 මැයි මාසයෙහිදී ඇයගේ තේරීපත්වීමට මාස 13 කට පසුව 2016 ජූනි මාසයෙහිදී මිය යෑම දක්වා,   බැට්ලි ඇන්ඩ් ස්පෙන් මැතිවරණ කොට්ඨාශය සඳහා පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රීවරිය (පාම) වූවාය.

පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට පිවිසීමට පෙර, ඔක්ස්ෆැම් සඳහා ප්‍රතිපත්ති පිළිබඳ ප්‍රධානියා වශයෙන් සහ  සාරා බ්‍රවුන් සහ කිනොක් බැරන්වරිය සඳහා උපදේශිකාව ලෙසින්ද ඇය  ක්‍රියා කලාය.

ආශ්‍රිත

ජෝ කොක්ස්


Elias Maria Reti (født i 1956 i Budapest) er en internationalt handlet tysk kunstner, den yngste elev af Joseph Beuys og et barnebarn af skakmester Richard Reti.

Biografi
Elias Mari Reti studerede kunst på Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, flyttede derefter til London, New York og DDR. I dag bor han i Berlin.

Kunst
Elias Mari Reti arbejder i serie. Hans arbejde omfatter 42 serier af 64 malerier hver og derfor 2.688 malerier. Malerierne repræsenterer altid en eller flere personer uden hoved, en hvid overkrop og rødbrune ben. På bagsiden af malerierne er et stykke klud og skriftlige skakbevægelser, som er ægthedscertifikatet.

Kendte serier af Elias Maria Reti:

 "Hosenwärmer", 1979
 "Zwei linke Hände", 1980
 "Wer geht wer steht", 1980
 "Klein in Gross", 1980
 "Handykept", 1981
 "Anamorph", 1982
 "Hängen", 1983
 "Andersrum", 1984
 "Die Quadratur des Menschen", 1985
 "Quatro Man", 1986
 "Squaremensch", 1987
 "Schattenwelten", 1988
 "Spagat", 1989
 "Überfall", 1989
 "Meditation", 1990
 "Vorlauf", 1990
 "Vorsprung", 1990
 "Longfinger", 1991
 "Synchronstehen", 1991
 "W-Mensch", 1992
 "Fußhänder", 1993
 "Ausblicke", 1994
 "Weltumarmung", 1995
 "Inexect", 1996
 "Irritationen", 1996
 "Vornüber", 1996
 "Spiegelungen", 1996
 "Hydration", 1996
 "Exodus", 1997
 "Magnetismus", 1997
 "Tanzen mit Hannes", 1998
 "Schweigen", 1999
 "Untertauchen", 2000
 "Selbstportrait", 2000
 "Spielen mit Hannes", 2001
 "Der Durchgang", 2002
 "Die Rückkehr", 2004
 "T-Mensch", 2005
 "Underground", 2005
 "Am Anfang ist das Ende", 2006
 "Weißwurst", 2007
 "Kugelmenschen", 2008

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

 Officiel hjemmeside

Kunstnere fra Tyskland
Billedkunstnere
Personer fra Budapest

Elias Maria Reti


Sirk, yönetmenliğini ve başrolünü Charlie Chaplin' in üstlendiği, 1928, ABD yapımı sessiz bir komedi filmidir. Al Ernest Garcia, Merna Kennedy, Harry Crocker, George Davis ve Henry Bergman da rol aldığı filmde Chaplin, polis tarafından kovalanırken yolu bir sirke düşen ve oranın yıldızı haline gelen bir serseri (Şarlo) rolündedir.

Chaplin ve Joseph Plunkett tarafından yazılan film, 1928'deki $3.8 milyon dolarlık hasılatı ile gişede en çok para kazanan sessiz filmler sıralamasıda 7. sıradadır.

Filmin çekimleri boyunca meydana gelen sayısız aksaklık (film stüdyosunda yangın, filmde kullanılan arabaların çalınması, Chaplin'in sansasyonel boşanma davası vs.) nedeniyle Chaplin'in en çok güçlük çektiği filmlerden biri olmuştur. Chaplin'in, karısı Lita Grey' den boşandığı döneme rastladığından bir hayli olaylı ve zor geçen boşanma sürecinde filmin çekimlerine bir yıl kadar ara verilmiştir.

Film Chaplin tarafından 1970' te yeniden elden geçirilmiş ve müzikleri yeniden düzenlenmiştir.

Oyuncular

Dış bağlantılar
 Sirk, IMDB
 chaplin.bfi.org.uk

Charles Chaplin'in yönettiği filmler
1928 çıkışlı filmler
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri sessiz filmleri
United Artists filmleri
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri yapımı siyah-beyaz filmler
Sirk filmleri

Sirk (film, 1928)


The year 1791 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Biology
 Jean Baptiste François Pierre Bulliard begins publication of Histoire des champignons de la France, a significant text in mycology.
 Luigi Galvani publishes his discoveries in "animal electricity" (Galvanism).

Chemistry
 Nicolas Leblanc patents the Leblanc process for the production of soda ash (sodium carbonate) from common salt (sodium chloride).
 The element Titanium is discovered included in ilmenite in Cornwall, England, by local amateur geologist Rev. William Gregor.

Medicine
 May 7 – Irish surgeon Samuel Croker-King first describes his trepanning device.

Metrology
 March – In France, the National Constituent Assembly accepts the recommendation of its Commission of Weights and Measures that the nation should adopt the metric system.

Physics
 Pierre Prévost shows that all bodies radiate heat, no matter how hot or cold they are.

Technology
 James Rumsey is granted a patent related to fluid power engineering, in England.

Publications
 Sir John Sinclair's Statistical Account of Scotland begins publication, introducing the term Statistics into English.

Awards
 Copley Medal: James Rennell; Jean-André Deluc

Births
 March 20 – John Farey, English mechanical engineer and technical writer (died 1851)
 April 9 – George Peacock, English mathematician (died 1858)
 April 27 – Samuel F. B. Morse, American inventor (died 1872)
 July 13 – Allan Cunningham, English botanist and explorer (died 1839)
 July 27 – Jean-Nicolas Gannal, French pharmacist, chemist and inventor (died 1852)
 September 4 – Robert Knox, Scottish anatomist (died 1862)
 September 22 – Michael Faraday, English chemist and physicist (died 1867)
 September 23 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer (died 1865)
 December 26 – Charles Babbage, English mathematician and inventor of computing machines (died 1871)

Deaths
 July 24 – Ignaz von Born, Hungarian metallurgist (born 1742)
 Date unknown – Maria Petraccini, Italian anatomist and physician (died 1759)

References

18th century in science
1790s in science

1791 in science


Agrilus murrayi é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Saunders, em 1871.

Referências

murrayi

Agrilus murrayi


Articles with hCards
කේ.එස්. බාලචන්ද්‍රන් (1944 ජූලි 10 - 2014 පෙබරවාරි 26) යනු කැනඩාවේ සේවය කරන නාට්‍ය සහ චිත්‍රපට සඳහා ශ්‍රී ලාංකික දෙමළ නළුවෙකු, ලේඛකයෙකු, අධ්‍යක්ෂකවරයෙකු සහ නිෂ්පාදකයෙකි. එඩ්නා බාලචන්ද්‍රන් සමඟ විවාහ විය. වසීකරන් බාලචන්ද්‍රන් ලාවන්‍යා පෝල් සමඟ විවාහ වූ අතර උමා සොෆියා විවාහ වී ට්‍රුෂාන් හැන්ඩි සමඟ ඔහුට දරුවන් දෙදෙනෙකි. ඔහුට සෙලිනා බාලසන්ද්‍රන්, කත්‍රිනා බාලසන්ද්‍රන් සහ ජේසන් හැන්ඩි ඇතුළු මුණුබුරන් රැසක් සිටියා.  ඔහුගේ වෘත්තීය ජීවිතය දෙමළ චිත්‍රපට කර්මාන්තයේ (කොලිවුඩ්) වසර 40 කට වැඩි කාලයක් පුරා පැතිර ගියේය. ඔහු වසර 30 කට වැඩි කාලයක් ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ චිත්‍රපට, නාට්‍ය සහ රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලා රාශියක ලියා, අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කර සහ රඟපා ඇත. ඔහුගේ චිත්‍රපට නිෂ්පාදනය කැනඩාවේ  හි ටොරොන්ටෝ හි දිගටම පැවතුනි. ඔහු වත්මන් පුවත් සහ සිදුවීම් උපහාසාත්මක ලෙස ඉදිරිපත් කරන ලද The Wonderful YT Lingam Show නම් රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලාවක් පැවැත්වීය.

නළුවා
ඔහු ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාවේ සජීවී ප්‍රේක්ෂකයින් ඉදිරියේ නිෂ්පාදනය කරන ලද දෙමළ බසින් මාසික විකට වැඩසටහන්වල මුලින් රඟපෑවේය. 1970 වසරේ සිට ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන් විදුලි සංස්ථාවේ දෙමළ ජාතික සේවයේ නළු සංචිතයේ සිටි ඔහු සෑම බදාදා සහ සෙනසුරාදා දිනකම විකාශය වූ ගුවන්විදුලි නාට්‍ය හරහා ශ්‍රාවකයන් අතර ඉමහත් ජනප්‍රියත්වයට පත් විය. ඔහු සුප්‍රසිද්ධ ගුවන්විදුලි මාලාවේ "තනියත තගම්" නාට්‍යයේ ප්‍රධාන චරිතය "සෝමු" ලෙස රඟපෑවේය. ප්‍රකට කවියෙකු හා ලේඛකයෙකු වන සිල්ලියූර් සෙල්වරාජන් විසින් රචිත මෙම නාට්‍යය මහජන බැංකුවේ අනුග්‍රහයෙන් වසර දෙකකට වැඩි කාලයක් විකාශනය විය. ඔහු "කිරමතු කනවුගල්", "විසුතුගල්" වැනි තවත් බොහෝ අනුක්‍රමික නාට්‍යවල මෙන්ම "වාත්තියර් වීදිල්" නම් විකට කතා මාලාවක ද රඟපෑවේය. බාලචන්ද්‍රන් විසින් රචිත සහ රගපෑ අවසන් නාට්‍යය ඉන්දියානු නළු කමල් හසන්ට ඔහුගේ "ටෙනාලි" චිත්‍රපටයේ යාපනය උපභාෂාව කතා කිරීමට උපකාර කර ඇත.

ලේඛකයා
ඔහු ශ්‍රී ලංකා ගුවන්විදුලි සංස්ථාවේ ස්ටුඩියෝ 6 හි සජීවී ප්‍රේක්ෂකයින් සමඟ පටිගත කරන ලද "කතඹම්", "මත්තප්පු", "කුතුකාලම්" වැඩසටහන් සඳහා බොහෝ විකට රූප රචනා කළේය. ඔහු ජාතික සේවයේ විකාශනය සඳහා බොහෝ නාට්‍ය ලිවීය. "කිරමතු කනවුකල්" නමින් ජනප්‍රිය අනුක්‍රමික නාට්‍යය ඔහු විසින් රචනා කරන ලද්දේ වාණිජ සේවය සඳහා වන අතර මෙම නාට්‍යය කොළඹ රාමක්‍රිෂ්ණ මිෂන් ශාලාවේ පැවති උත්කර්ෂවත් උත්සවයකදී ශ්‍රව්‍ය කැසට් මගින් නිකුත් කරන ලදී. ඔහු විසින් රචිත තවත් විකට කතා මාලාවක් වන "වත්තියර් වීදිල්" වසර දෙකකට වැඩි කාලයක් විකාශය වූ අතර බොහෝ රටවල ශ්‍රව්‍ය කැසට් පට අලෙවි විය. ඔහු "චිරිතිරන්" සහ "ඊලනාඩු ඉරිදා සඟරාව" වැනි සඟරාවල ලිපි මාලාවක් ලිවීය. ඔහුගේ කෙටිකතා "තිනකරන්" සහ වීරකේසරි වැනි ජාතික පුවත්පත්වල පළ විය. ඔහු "තිරුප්පන්කල්" වැනි රූපවාහිනී නාට්‍ය සඳහා සහ ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ රුබවාහිනිය සඳහා වාර්තා චිත්‍රපට සඳහා පිටපත් ලිවීය. කැනඩාවේදී ඔහු "එංගෝ තොලයිවිල්", "මෙන්මයියන වයිරංගල්" සහ "උයිරේ උයිරේ" වැනි චිත්‍රපට සඳහා තිර රචනය ලිවීය. ඔහු කැනඩාවේ වේදිකා නාට්‍ය 20කට වඩා ලියා අධ්‍යක්ෂණය කළේය. ඔහු ටොරොන්ටෝ හි CMR ගුවන්විදුලිය සඳහා "මනමේ මනමේ" ගුවන්විදුලි අනුක්‍රමික නාට්‍ය ලියා නිෂ්පාදනය කළේය. ඔහු "කරයියයි තෙදුම් කද්දුමරන්ගල්" නමින් නවකතාවක් ලියා ඇති අතර, එය ඔහුට දකුණු ඉන්දියාවේ 2009 වර්ෂය සඳහා අමුතන් අඩිකල් සාහිත්‍ය සම්මානය හිමි විය.

නිෂ්පාදකයා
SLBC විසින් විකාශනය කරන ලද චිත්‍රපට, වේදිකා නාට්‍ය, පොත්පත් සහ නැටුම් ප්‍රසංග පිළිබඳ විචාර සහිත ජනප්‍රිය සඟරා වැඩසටහනක් වන "කලයි කෝලම්" නිෂ්පාදනය කර ඉදිරිපත් කළේය. මරණය KS බාලචන්ද්‍රන් 2013 පෙබරවාරි මාසයේදී හෘදයාබාධයක් හේතුවෙන් මිය ගියේය.

යොමු කිරීම්

2014 මරණ
1944 උපත්

කේ. එස්. බාලචන්ද්‍රන්


රෝමානු බ්‍රිතාන්‍යය යනු සම්භාව්‍ය පුරාතනය සමයෙහි රෝමානු අධිරාජ්‍යය විසින් මහා බ්‍රිතාන්‍යය දිවයිනෙහි විශාල කොටස් කිහිපයක් අධිවාසය කෙරුණු කාල පරිච්ඡේදය වෙයි. මෙම අධිවාසය  ක්‍රිව 43 සිට ක්‍රිව 410 දක්වා පැවතිණි.

රෝමානු බ්‍රිතාන්‍යය


Giancarlo Maroni, baptisé Giovanni Maroni, né le  à Arco et mort le  à Gardone Riviera, est un architecte italien. Il contribue à la reconstruction et au réaménagement de Riva del Garda après la Première Guerre mondiale. Le Vittoriale degli italiani à Gardone Riviera, l'ancienne résidence du poète Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863-1938), est créé sous sa direction.

Biographie
Giancarlo Maroni étudie de 1910 à 1915 à la Scuola Speciale di Architettura dell'Accademia di Belle Arti di Brera à Milan. Parmi ses professeurs figurent notamment l'architecte Gaetano Moretti et le peintre Alcide Davide Campestrini.

En mai 1915, Giancarlo Maroni, citoyen autrichien et irrédentiste, s'engage volontairement, comme ses deux frères Italo et Ruggero, dans les troupes de chasseurs alpins italiens, les Alpini. Après avoir reçu la médaille d'argent de la bravoure à la suite d'une grave blessure sur le mont Pasubio, il est envoyé loin derrière le front après sa guérison jusqu'à la fin de la guerre.

En 1919, Giancarlo Maroni se rend à Riva del Garda, à quelques kilomètres seulement de son lieu de naissance, Arco. Avec son frère, l'ingénieur Ruggero Maroni, il y assume des missions publiques et privées pour réparer les dommages de guerre. Jusqu'en 1924, tous deux travaillent à la Commissione Edilizia del Comune di Riva,l'autorité chargée de la construction, et de 1920 à 1924, Giancarlo Maroni est membre, avec Luigi Pizzini, de la Commissione per il Piano Regolatore, responsable du plan d'aménagement et du développement urbain.

En 1921, Gabriele D'Annunzio lui confie la transformation de l'ancienne villa de l'historien de l'art Henry Thode à Cargnacco, un quartier de Gardone Riviera. C'est le début d'une collaboration intensive qui durera jusqu'à la mort du poète en 1938 et qui donnera naissance au Vittoriale degli italiani. Maroni assume de plus en plus, outre le rôle d'architecte, celui de secrétaire et d'administrateur. Durant cette période, il entreprend des voyages à Florence, Bologne, Venise et Pompéi afin de se procurer des objets pour l'aménagement du Vittoriale et de mener des études pour son développement ultérieur. Il est en contact étroit avec des artistes et des artisans comme Guido Cadorin, Pietro Marussig, Renato Brozzi, Giacinto Bardetti, Napoleone Martinuzzi et Pietro Chiesa.

Il vit au Vittoriale jusqu'à sa mort en 1952 et est inhumé dans l'une des arches du mausolée du Vittoriale.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Liens externes

Naissance en août 1893
Naissance dans le Trentin-Haut-Adige
Architecte italien du XXe siècle
Décès en janvier 1952
Décès à Gardone Riviera
Décès à 58 ans

Giancarlo Maroni


Zaprešić () is a town in Hrvatsko zagorje, Zagreb County in Croatia. It has a population of 19,644 inhabitants in the town proper, with 25,223 in the administrative area. The town's metropolitan area, which encompasses the seven neighbouring municipalities, has a population of 54,640. Zaprešić is the third-largest, and most densely populated town of the county. It is located northwest of the Croatian capital Zagreb, and near the Slovenian border. It is centered on plains north of the Sava River, and is bordered by Medvednica Mountain to the east, and the Marija Gorica Hills to the west.

The first human settlement in, and near Zaprešić dates from the Neolithic, and several Roman roads were constructed in the area. Vicinity to transport corridors is also reflected in the meaning of the name (za, 'near or behind', prešće 'crossing'). The first records of the settlement date from 1474. (although, some authors claim that the church of Saint Peter in Zaprešić could have been mentioned in a document supposedly written in 1334). In the late medieval and early modern times, the village history includes being a part of a feudal estate Susedgrad, as well of being a part of Brdovec parish.

During the 19th century the town was operating the first meat packaging plant in Croatia. However, it was not formally established as a town until 1995. The town is governed by a mayor, a town government of seven members (upper house), and a town council of twenty one (lower house). Zaprešić has its own fire department, but police coverage is provided by the City of Zagreb. Komunalno poduzeće Zaprešić manages all utilities except electricity. Tap water in Zaprešić is of high quality.

Due to its many rail, and road transport corridors, Zaprešić has been dubbed the "northwestern gate to Zagreb County". It lies directly next to the A2 highway connecting Zagreb to Central Europe. It also is adjacent to the main railway leading northwest out of Zagreb. Centered on the tertiary sector, the town's economy is booming due to a large population influx.

Zaprešić's educational facilities range from kindergartens to centers of higher education. The town is home to four elementary schools, one high school, and two universities. The Zaprešić metropolitan area contains six castles that together make up what is known as the "palace path." The town also has a museum and an art gallery. The most popular sport in the region is football, and the local team was NK Inter Zaprešić, that used to be a member of the First Football League of Croatia. Other sports are also present in Zaprešić, and the town is home to a golf resort.

History
The first records of human inhabitants in area of what is today Zaprešić can be traced back to the Neolithic, which can be seen by stone axes found in nearby Brdovec, and axes from the Copper Age found in Marija Gorica. Hallstatt culture traces were also uncovered in the area of Sveti Križ. The Romans left their imprints on nearby in the form of the Siscia–Neviodunum–Emona road, which followed Sava River on its left bank through area of what is today Zaprešić, passing near modern settlements.

After a lack of records from the first millennium, Zaprešić was mentioned in written sources in the late 11th century. In 1094, following the formation of the Zagreb Diocese, magnate called Aka, an advisor of the Hungarian-Croatian King Ladislav I, was granted land west and east of the Medvednica Mountain in order to protect the newly formed diocese.

Susedgrad-Stubica Seigniory

In the 14th century, the area between rivers Krapina and Sutla (where today Zaprešić is located) was under control of ban of Slavonia. Multiple historical sources refer to this part of land as Zakrapina (probably due to it being behind Krapina river in relation to Susedgrad Castle). Zaprešić became part of the Susedgrad–Stubica Seigniory, centered around Susedgrad Castle westernmost banks of Medvednica. The seigniory was at a time a second-largest estate in the  Zagreb County. In 1334, the parish church of St. Peter was founded in Zaprešić, marking the first evidence of the modern settlement of Zaprešić. The settlement developed rapidly, which is attributed to its position on trade and transit routes.

During the 15th and 16th centuries, refugees from Lika came to Zaprešić while fleeng the Croatian-Ottoman Wars. Some of these refugees were the so-called Brdovec Franciscans, for whom Lord Zylagy of Susedgrad built an abbey in Marija Gorica. The refugees brought along their Ikavian accent, which was preserved for a long time in some small Zaprešić communities, although the Zaprešić area has historically been Ekavian Kajkavian (yat being  or  rather than ). The area of Zaprešić and nearby vicinity in the 16th century was known for its vineyards and wine production. The area serfs from Zaprešić and nearby villages took part in famous Peasant revolt of 1573, led by Ambroz Gubec, with some of the serf leaders being from Zaprešić area. Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski, for one thinks that Ambroz Gubec himself managed the estate of Jablanovec, part of modern Zaprešić. Another revolt leader was Ilija Gregorić, a resident of Marija Gorica. Another serf captain was Ivan Turković from Zaprešić.

Two years later, the large Susedgrad-Stubica Seigniory started to disintegrate into many small estates owned by members of lower nobility. Dozens of simple diocesan curia houses remained as a consequence of this.

Contemporary history
In 1862, one of the first railway lines in Croatia: Zidani Most-Zagreb-Sisak - was constructed, and it passed through Zaprešić on its way to Zagreb.

In 1903, Zaprešić railway station was a hotspot of two anti-Hungarian riots caused by Khuen Hedervary's magyarization policy and breaking of Croatian-Hungarian Settlement of 1868 by installing Hungarian national symbols on railway objects across Croatia. These demonstrations were part of a wider national movement that swept the country at a time. In both occasions the demonstrations turned into a scuffle with local gendarmes which ended up with several peasants killed and dozens of locals arrested. Peasants that were killed or injured by the gendarmes are traditionally celebrated as a heroes and national martyrs. In their honour, two separate memorial boards were placed on the building of Zaprešić railway station in 1928. and 2003. After the First World War, the oldest meat industry in Croatia, the Industrija mesnih proizvoda, was founded.

Zaprešić was formally established for the first time in 1952, when the Municipality of Zaprešić () was formed. The municipality operated as part of the Zagreb kotar and later City of Zagreb. The Town of Zaprešić (Grad Zaprešić) was incorporated on 30 November 1995. On that day, parts of the surrounding municipalities of Pušća, and Hruševec Kupljenski (which was disbanded, leaving only a namesake settlement) and the City of Zagreb were incorporated into a new Town of Zaprešić. The settlement of Merenje came under the jurisdiction of Zaprešić on 17 January 1997.

Geography

Zaprešić is a part of the metropolitan area of Croatia's capital and largest city, Zagreb. It is located  northwest of Zagreb, lying near the confluence of the Krapina River, and the Sava River. The small Lužnica River marks the western border of Zaprešić. The Zaprešić metropolitan area consists of Zaprešić and seven surrounding municipalities: Bistra, Brdovec, Dubravica, Jakovlje, Luka, Marija Gorica, and Pušća. It is located in the northwestern part of Zagreb County, bordered on the south by the Sava River, on the east by Zagreb and the Medvednica Mountain, and on the west by the Sutla River and the Slovenian border. According to the official website, three distinct geographic areas make up the Zaprešić area: the western part of the Medvednica Mountain, the Marija Gorica Hills and the plains that lie between. The western part of the Medvednica Mountain is fairly lightly inhabited, with no settlements except at the base of the mountain. These include the Bistra municipality and the Zaprešić settlement of Jablanovec. The Marija Gorica Hills are located mainly in the Marija Gorica municipality between the rivers of Krapina, and Sutla. The third area, the plains, is the area where the Zaprešić itself is located. Zaprešić has a lake, Lake Zajarki, situated between the town and the Sava River in the south. It is colloquially known as Bager (Croatian word for excavator). The lake is currently still used as a gravel pit, although it is a known destination for Zaprešić swimmers and beach goers, as well as local people and foreign tourists who do recreational fishing. Fishing activities on lake Zajarki are regulated by Šrd Šaran, Zaprešić. In 2017. the picnic zone was built on eastern side of a big lake which includes barbecue houses and beach volleyball, handball and football fields.

Demographics
According to the 2011 census, the town of Zaprešić has 25,223 inhabitants, 19,644 of whom live in the settlement of Zaprešić.
This makes the urban area of Zaprešić, at , the most densely populated in the whole of Zagreb County.
The metropolitan area of Zaprešić had 54,640 inhabitants in 2011, an increase from 51,040 inhabitants in 2001.
About 96% of inhabitants are Croats and 98.3% speak Croatian as their mother tongue. The sex ratio is 90.63 men to 100 women, and the median age is 39.9 years, which makes Zaprešić one of the younger towns in Zagreb County.

The town is administratively divided into nine settlements, the largest of which is Zaprešić, covering a third of the town's area.

Austro-Hungarian 1910 census
According to the 1910 census in Croatia, town of Zaprešić had 5,058 inhabitants, which were linguistically and religiously declared to be:

Economy

Due to its accessible location with favorable conditions for expansion, and a very high net migration, and population growth rates (estimated to be 29 persons per 1,000 per year), Zaprešić is expecting an economic boom. Despite the ongoing financial crisis that hit many cities in Croatia, including the capital, the town operates without loans and expects a yearly budget increase in the range of 20 to 30 percent. The tertiary sector is dominant with mainly retailing, and hospitality, and a smaller presence of tourism, as well as souvenir manufacturing and financial services. The secondary sector is also present with ceramic industry (Inker - as of 2006 part of Roca), metalworking (Karbon Nova, Lanac, and Unija metali) and chemical industry (Messer Croatia plin, Montkemija). The primary sector mainly consists of agriculture, and is expected to continue shrinking. There are currently  of arable land for agricultural use, but the town's general urban plan anticipates an economic shift will lower the amount of agricultural use to  by 2015, thus speeding the process of suburbanization started by the expansion of Zagreb. The future of Zaprešić's economy is seen in the development of small, and mid-sized businesses, tourism, and food-related industries. The town's income tax rate is 12 percent. The town's budget in 2008 amounted to HRK 198 million.

The West Gate Shopping Center is a shopping mall planned to create a major job demand in the Zaprešić region. Located next to the Krapina River and A2 motorway, the center serves 2.3 million residents in the Zagreb region. It is also the largest in the Zagreb metropolitan area with  of gross leasable area. Construction started in late 2007. It was opened in October 2009.

Culture and media

Zaprešić's cultural heritage includes a series of six historic castles and palaces known as "the palace path" (): Lužnica mansion, Januševac palace, Laduč mansion, Oršić family mansion, Jakovlje palace, and Novi Dvori. Of these, Oršić and Januševec are in the zeroth category of cultural heritage preservation of UNESCO, Lužnica is in the first category of the Croatian Ministry of Culture, and Laduč and Novi Dvori are in the second category of the Ministry of Culture. Jakovlje palace is not involved in any cultural preservation program. Novi Dvori (also known as Novi Dvori Jelačićevi – New Jelačić Palace) is known for being the residence of Josip Jelačić, one of the most famous Croatian bans. However, before that it was inhabited by five families (the last one being Erdödy) after its construction in 1611 as a simple two-story house. It remains a well-preserved example of a manorial estate. The palace was left to the state in 1934 by Josip Jelačić's nephew and nieces.

The town is home to the Museum of Matija Skurjeni (opened in 1984), a gallery of works by the renowned painter. It is located in the former granary of Novi Dvori. The art gallery Razvid, that opened in 1991, has held exhibitions of works by many important Croatian artists, such as Franjo Ferenčak, Ivan Lovrenčić, Drago Grgas, Davor Vuković (a native of Zaprešić) and Krešimir Trumbetaš.
The Zaprešić main library, "Ante Kovačić", is a part of the association of Zagreb City Libraries (, KGZ), and has 5,541 members with access to 78,385 books. Albin Bonzelli, an employee of Baron Levin Rauch, founded the first library in
Zaprešić area in 1921 in Brdovec. A more recent library was founded in 1958, and moved to its present location in 1986.

Zaprešić contains the ornithological reserve Zaprešić-Sava, which is located south of the town, at Lake Zajarki. The reserve is covered mainly with woods and thick low vegetation, and criss-crossed by fluvial marshes. Zaprešić operates a hunting office, which is made of eight clubs: Zaprešić, Kuna, Vidra, Fazan, Srnjak, Šljuka (offices in Luka, and Bistra) and Vepar. A radio station operates in Zaprešić: Radio Zaprešić (also known as Round Wave Station Zaprešić, ). The station broadcasts an FM signal at 96.0 and 99.5 MHz, 24 hours each weekday. It was founded on 15 January 1987. In September 2015., radio station changed its name to "Z fm". The local monthly newspaper Prigorski Kaj has its seat in the nearby settlement of Šenkovec in the Brdovec municipality. In 2009. Television Zaprešić (Croatian: Televizija Zaprešić) started operating as a local cable television channel. In April 2015., Television Zaprešić was granted concession for terrestrial broadcasting and changed its name to Televizija Zapad (English: Television West). The television is dedicated to cover the topics of local importance.

Sports and recreation

Organized sports in Zaprešić started in 1926, with the first football match between unregistered teams from Zaprešić and Savski Marof. The football club NK Sava (now called NK Inter Zaprešić) was soon formed in 1929. There are 20 sport clubs and associations in Zaprešić, and the most popular ones are association football, basketball, handball, bowling, tennis, table tennis, chess, cycling, taekwondo, and bocce. Zaprešić is the home to several influential sports clubs, such as NK Inter Zaprešić (football), KK Fortuna Zaprešić (basketball), RK Zaprešić (handball), KK Zaprešić (bowling) and others. NK Inter Zaprešić currently plays in the top tier Hrvatski Telekom Prva Liga. It is currently the best-placed football club in the county. Most of the sports clubs in Zaprešić are members of the Town of Zaprešić Sports Society (). The main sports venue is the ŠRC Zaprešić (Sports and Recreation Center Zaprešić), which encompasses a football stadium and a gym. There are other sports courts in Hruševec Kupljenski, Ivanec, Jablanovec, Kupljenovo, and Pojatno. NK Inter Zaprešić's home stadium is ŠRC Zaprešić, located in the northwest part of the town and handling up to 5,528 visitors.

The  golf resort "Novi dvori" was opened on 16 October 2004, with Prime Minister Ivo Sanader being the first to tee off. However, , only a few parts are in use, with a 27-hole course currently under construction. Nine of these holes will be reserved for practice and eighteen for tournament play. The center operates a driving range with two practice courses of different sizes, and an area to practice putting green play. One practice course is sheltered from weather conditions and the whole golf course has night lighting. In terms of normal play, three par 3 holes are currently operational and friendly par 9 tournaments are often held at the course. The course also has other amenities, such as a restaurant and the proximity to the Novi Dvori palace. When the construction ends, the golfers will have access to a conference room, a business center, a fitness club, a sauna, and a massage parlor.

Government

Despite the settlement of Zaprešić's long history, only with the founding of the Town of Zaprešić on 30 November 1995 did it have its own elected representatives. The towns administration includes two tiers of power: a mayor and a town council. The town council is elected each four years.  The mayor () has executive power. He is elected directly by the voters. Current Mayor is Željko Turk (Croatian Democratic Union—HDZ, elected in 2006, re-elected 2009, 2013 and 2017), whose deputy's are Damir Benčević and Alan Labus. Zaprešić is part of the 1st Croatian electoral district, which consists of western Zagreb, and the Zaprešić metropolitan area.

The town council () has the legislative power over the town. It represents the residents of Zaprešić and manages the town's budget, and it is composed of twenty one members with one presiding and two vice-presiding members.

Education

The Town of Zaprešić provides education ranging from pre-school to higher education. These include four registered kindergartens (stationed on seven locations), four elementary schools, one high school, and one college. Elementary schools located in Zaprešić include Antun Augustinčić, Ljudevit Gaj, and Kupljenovo elementary schools, and a branch of the Bistra elementary school from the Bistra municipality. The Ban Josip Jelačić High School is located on the Franjo Tuđman Square in the northwestern part of the town. Zaprešić has a University of Applied Sciences which offers courses in business and management, named after the Croatian historian and theologian Baltazar Adam Krčelić, and located in the town center on Novak Street. The open university in Zaprešić () offers various courses in languages, computer science, and musical instruments, as well as vocational training.

Infrastructure
Zaprešić is covered mostly by the postal code "10290 Zaprešić", and Croatian Mail operates four post offices in the town: in Ivanec Bistranski, Lužnica, Šibice and Zaprešić. The town proper overlaps with the areas of postal codes "10294 Donja Pušća" (Pojatno), "10295 Kupljenovo" (Hruševec Kupljenski, Kupljenovo, Merenje) and "10298 Donja Bistra" (Jablanovec). Zaprešić has its own police station, PP Zaprešić, a Zagreb County branch of the City of Zagreb Police Department responsible for all of the Zaprešić metropolitan area. Fire coverage is provided by the Town of Zaprešić Fire Department (), which also serves the complete seven-municipality metropolitan area. There are six volunteer fire brigades in Zaprešić proper, all members of the Zaprešić Firefighting Community (). Zaprešić also has a municipal court.

All utilities except electricity are managed by Komunalno poduzeće Zaprešić (). Zaprešić's electricity is, as in the rest of Croatia, provided by Hrvatska elektroprivreda, and distributed by Elektra Zagreb, a company managing access to electricity in Zagreb, and Zagreb County. Zaprešić receives tap water from underground water reserves through a water pump in the settlement of Šibice. The water from the water pump is of drinking quality. However, local factories Pliva, and Kvasac produce waste water, which is released into the Sava River through the Harmica-Pliva-Zaprešić water treatment plant. Before the construction of the treatment plant, the polluted water was piped into the Gorjak Creek, endangering the tap water quality. Possible consequences of releasing waste water into the Sava will be dealt with by the construction of the Zajarki water purification system for screening the used water. The ecological problem is multiplied by the fact that the utility company received only 400 requests to clean septic tanks in 2007, although most households in the relatively rural surroundings of Zaprešić use septic systems. There are plans of constructing four hydroelectric power plants around Zagreb with one being in Zaprešić (HE Zaprešić, also known as HE Podsused) as a part of a system of exploiting natural resources of the Sava River.

Public safety
There are two firefighting units active in Zaprešić proper:

 Zaprešić Fire Department  (Javna vatrogasna postrojba grada Zaprešića) - professional firefighting unit, active under this name since January 2000.
 Zaprešić Volunteer Fire Department (Dobrovoljno vatrogasno društvo Zaprešić) - volunteer firefighting unit, founded in February 1901. One of the oldest of its kind in Croatia.

Transport

The town is a major transport hub for the area of Zagreb County and Zagreb itself. It is thus known as the "northwestern gate to Zagreb County." The Zagreb bypass, and the tolled A2 highway (Zagreb–Macelj, toward Austria; part of European Route E59, and pan-European corridor Xa) pass through the eastern part of Zaprešić, providing Zaprešić with highway access at a cloverleaf interchange. The D225 state road is a major arterial road in Zaprešić. It forms the Pavao Lončar and Marshal Tito Streets, leading west towards Brdovec, Marija Gorica and Slovenia, and east towards western Zagreb, Jablanovec, and Stubica. According to the current urban plan, the traffic on the D225 will be re-routed through two bypasses along the northern and western railway lines to clear the center of Zaprešić of 25,000 daily commuters driving on a two-lane road.

Mass transit provides intra-city and inter-city connections in form of bus and rail. Zaprešić is a major railway intersection, with railways leading west to Slovenia (Corridor X), north to Zabok, and Kumrovec (Corridor Xa) and east to the main regional railway hub Zagreb. Croatian Railways services the Zaprešić train station with major interstate trains going to the west, but also with the suburban line Savski Marof–Zagreb Main Station–Dugo Selo. The town is serviced by two bus companies: the regional Zagrebački električni tramvaj (ZET) and local Meštrović prijevoz. ZET operates line 172 to Zaprešić, which starts at the Črnomerec bus terminal in Zagreb and runs every 8 to 15 minutes during day, and at irregular intervals during the night. Lines 176 and 177 run to the Zaprešić suburban municipality of Bistra. Meštrović prijevoz, the main intra-city bus company of Zaprešić, operates bus lines connecting Zaprešić and all municipalities in its metropolitan area.

Zaprešić lies along the left bank of the Sava River, but it does not have any bridges that would connect the town to Samobor, on the other bank, as the nearest bridge is the Podsused bridge, located in the Podsused – Vrapče district of Zagreb. However, two ferries connect Zaprešić with the roads in Medsave and Samoborski Otok, small villages near Samobor. The widest river in the area, the Sava River, used to be navigable up to Krško, Slovenia in Roman times. However, it is, , navigable only up to Rugvica, leaving Zaprešić with no more possibility of river transport. The town does not have a port on any of its rivers.

To establish better transport capabilities, and create a solid ground for the emerging air sports that are already available in the town (e.g. hang gliding or paragliding), an airport is planned northeast of the town, between the Krapina River and the railroad. The land at this location is unused, uninhabited, and administratively selected for sports and recreation. The arrangement of the runways, taxiways, air traffic control building, hangar, and other necessary buildings have already been determined. The airport is intended to serve primarily as a sports airport, for teaching flying, and for charter flights.  the date when the construction starts had not yet been announced.

Notable inhabitants

A known historical resident of Zaprešić was Count Josip Jelačić of Bužim (1801–59), the Ban of Croatia from 1848 until his death. Although born in Novi Sad, Serbia (then Habsburg Monarchy), he received an estate in Zaprešić together with his title. He is responsible for abolishing serfdom in Croatia in 1848, but also for an infamous suppression of Croatian intelligentsia, and the Illyrian movement during his reign under the orders of Baron Alexander von Bach, and Emperor Franz Joseph I. A statue of Jelačić riding a horse was constructed by Anton Dominik Fernkorn, and placed on the Zagreb's central square, Ban Jelačić Square. The statue has been repeatedly removed, and reinstated during changes in political power and orientation in Croatia, from monarchist, through ultra-nationalist, and communist, up to democratic. After the Croatian declaration of independence, marking the start of the democratic era, the statue was returned to the square, and Zaprešić credits Jelačić with a major arterial road named in his honor.

Baltazar Adam Krčelić (1715–78), a historian, theologian, legal expert, and a canon in Zagreb, lived in what became the Zaprešić metropolitan area. Actually born in Šenkovec, Brdovec, he was rector of the Collegium Croaticum Viennense in Vienna. He wrote 757 books in Latin, and the Kajkavian dialect of Croatian.

The Illyrian movement of Slavic independence in Croatia can also be traced to Zaprešić through two of its citizens: Ivan Perkovac (1826–71), publicist from Harmica, Brdovec, editor of Vijenac and Pozor, secretary of Matica hrvatska, and a member of Sabor, the Croatian parliament; and Pavao Štoos (1806–62), a poet, a priest, and an important member of the Illyrian movement from Dubravica. Ante Kovačić (1854–89) from Marija Gorica lived in the aftermath of the Illyrian movement, but nevertheless became a fruitful writer. His most important work is U registraturi (), a novel following the life of Ivica Kičmanović, a peasant who is raised in a village and goes to live in a large city.

Zaprešić's recent history includes several known Croatian public figures, such as Matija Skurjeni (1898–1990), a Croatian naïve painter who lived in Zaprešić from 1953 until his death. He was a co-founder of the Croatian Society of Naïve Painters. An art gallery with his works was opened in Zaprešić in 1987. This art gallery changed to a museum in 2000. Other well-known inhabitants include Davor Gobac (b. 1964), the frontman of Psihomodo Pop. Although he was born in Karlovac, he is a resident of Zaprešić; Davor Vuković (b. 1951), a painter and poet from Herceg Novi, residing in Zaprešić; and Mira Vlahović, an opera singer. Vlahović sang at the Croatian National Theater. The music scene in Zaprešić includes Connect, a hip hop band formed in Zaprešić. Connect is the creator of the Croatian football hip hop hymn "Samo je jedno". Croatian politician and current Croatian Minister of Interior, Davor Božinović, also resides in Zaprešić.

Notes

References

External links

 Zaprešić official website
 Zaprešić on the Zagreb County Tourist Board
 Map of Zaprešić

Cities and towns in Croatia
Populated places in Zagreb County
Populated places established in the 1330s
1330s establishments in Europe

Zaprešić


(qui signifie « titan de Dzharakuduk ») est un genre de sauropodes titanosaures de la formation de Bissekty en Ouzbékistan, datant de l'âge turonien du Crétacé supérieur. Le genre contient une seule espèce, , du nom du géologue Christopher King, qui a contribué à la géologie du Crétacé en Asie. C'est actuellement l'un des deux sauropodes connus de la formation de Bissekty, aux côtés d'un titanosaure indéterminé. Dans sa publication originale, il était considéré comme un membre des Rebbachisauridae, mais des articles ultérieurs l'ont considéré comme un titanosaure.

Découverte et dénomination
L'holotype a été découvert en 1997 par Hans-Dieter Sues et David J. Ward lors de l'expédition URBAC (ouzbèke/russe/britannique/américaine/canadienne). Il a été classé comme titanosaure avant de recevoir un nom à deux reprises - d'abord par Sues  (2015) puis par  et Hans-Dieter Sues (2017). Le genre Dzharatitanis a été décrit en 2021 par Alexander Averianov et Hans-Dieter Sues. Il a été nommé d'après la localité de Dzharakuduk en Ouzbékistan et les titans de la mythologie grecque antique. Le genre était basé sur une vertèbre caudale antérieure (USNM 538127), représentant probablement la première caudale, qui était à l'origine décrite comme appartenant à un taxon titanosaurien intermédiaire. Le centrum dorsal juvénile de sauropode, USNM 538133, pourrait également appartenir à ce taxon.

Classification
L'analyse phylogénétique par Averianov et Sues place Dzharatitanis dans les Rebbachisauridae, dans une polytomie non résolue avec Demandasaurus, Nigersaurus, Rayososaurus et Rebbachisaurus. Le taxon partage avec Demandasaurus et le rebbachisauridé sans nom de la formation de Wessex une lame spinodiapophysaire élevée sur le côté latéral de l'épine neurale, séparée de la lame spinoprezygapophyse et de la lame spinopostzygapophyse, ce qui peut indiquer une relation étroite entre ces taxons. Cependant, une étude publiée quelques mois plus tard a contesté cette classification, trouvant qu'il s'agissait plutôt d'un titanosaure, avec des affinités étroites avec Lognkosauria.

Le cladogramme ci-dessous montre le placement proposé de Dzharatitanis au sein des Rebbachisauridae, selon l'étude originale d'Averianov et Sues.

Parce qu'une étude contradictoire a placé Dzharatitanis dans les Titanosauria, un cladogramme montrant la relation entre Rebbachisauridae et Titanosauria est présenté ci-dessous.

Dans les Titanosauria, les positions possibles de Dzharatitanis et Ninjatitan sont présentées ci-dessous :

Liens externes

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Sauropoda
Genre de dinosaures non aviens (nom scientifique)
Taxon fossile décrit en 2021
Paléontologie en Ouzbékistan

Dzharatitanis


Say Yes to the Dress (Sí, quiero ese vestido en España y Vestido de novia en Latinoamérica) es un reality show estadounidense donde se transmiten las ventas individuales de vestidos de famosos diseñadores.

Temática
Los episodios se basan de aproximadamente cinco mujeres, que van a las tiendas en busca de su vestido de novia. Durante el mismo las futuras novias comentan sobre su pareja, como la conocieron, el tipo de vestido que desean comprar y el presupuesto para la compra del vestido.
A la cita llevan a sus familiares, amigos y damas de honor para que las asesoren a buscar su vestido.
Los precios de los vestidos van aproximadamente de 500 dólares a 40 mil.

Programas dependientes
 Say Yes to the Dress: Atlanta (julio-septiembre de 2010) (julio de 2011 -): es primero en salir al aire. Está basado en dos tiendas, Bridals by Lori, una tienda de novias en Atlanta, Georgia, en el trabaja Randy Fenoli y la encargada del local Lori Allen. Eventualmente trabaja Monte Durham junto a Melissa pero en el local Kleinfeld Bridal de Manhattan.
 Say Yes to the Dress: Big Bliss (septiembre–octubre de 2010)(abril 2011-): La tienda, el personal, el lugar y los productores son los mismos que la serie original, pero está dedicado a las mujeres con sobrepeso o de tallas grandes. El personaje principal es Randy Fenoli.
 Say Yes to the Dress: Randy Knows Best (1 de abril de 2011–): En este programa Randy Fenoli aporta sus mejores consejos sobre una variedad de categorías de novia. Ejemplo: ¿Cuál es el mejor vestido para tu tipo de cuerpo, la elección de un vestido para complementar un lugar o un tema, y decidir a quién o qué traer a su cita nupcial.
 Say Yes to the Dress: Bridesmaids (julio 2011-): Esta edición está dedicada a las damas de honor. Se centra en la sala de exposiciones dama de honor de Bridals by Lori en Atlanta, Georgia, al igual que Say Yes to the Dress: Atlanta.
 Say Yes to the Dress: Monte's Take: (julio 2011-): El programa cuenta con la conducción de Monte Durham, es similar al de Randy Fenoli, en el mismo ofrece consejos y trucos sobre la realización de la boda.

Salones
 Bridals by Lori (Atlanta).
 Kleinfeld (Nueva York).

Elenco
Bridals by Lori
 Lori Allen: Encargada de Bridals by Lori.
 Randy Fenoli: Director de moda. Ayuda a las vendedoras a "conseguir" el vestido para la novia. Trabaja en Atlanta, Big Bliss y Randy Knows Best.
 Gina García: Recepcionista.

Kleinfeld
 Mara Urshel y Ronald Rothstein: Propietarios de Kleinfeld.
 Ronnie Rothstein: Copropietario.
 Monte Durham: Director de moda. Trabajó en Atlanta y luego en Kleinfeld. Ahora tiene su propio programa.
 Joan Roberts: Directora de venta y gerente de novias. Trabaja en Kleinfeld junto a Nicole Sacco y Dorothy Silver.
 Dorothy Silver: Directora de ventas y comercialización. Trabaja en Kleinfeld, junto a Nicole Sacco y Joan Roberts.
 Nicole Sacco: Directora de Equipamiento y Ventas de Kleinfeld. Trabaja con Dorothy Silver y Joan Roberts.
 Nitsa Glezelis: Directora de cambios y arreglos en Kleinfeld. Trabaja junto a Vera Skenderis.
 Vera Skenderis: Gerente de alteraciones. Ella trabaja junto a Nitsa Glezelis.

Asesores
Trabajan con Randy
 Melissa.
 Keasha Rigsby.
 Jamy.
 Camille Coffey.
 Dianne.

Trabajan con Monte
 Robin Gibbs.
 Flori Waters.
 Michelle Perotta.
 Ani.
 Carli Wells.
 Claudia Ghetu
 Debbie Asprea.
 Sarah Valasquez.
 Audrey Pisani
 Jamy.

Trabajan en Bridesmaids
 Krystle.
 Courtney.
 Brandon.
 Ronald Rothstein.

Diseñadores
En la tienda se encuentran vestidos de famosos diseñadores:
 Pnina Tornai.
 Lazaro
 Henry Roth
 Michelle Roth
 Randy Fenoli
 Tony Ward
 Anne Barge
 Hayley Paige
 Eve of Milady
 Paloma Blanca
 Martina Liana
 Essense of Australia
 Reem Acra

Transmisiones
 : Vestido de Novia (Discovery Home & Health).El resto no se transmite aún.
 : Atlanta con Randy Fenoli (Discovery Home & Health) - Atlanta con Monte Durham y Big Bliss (E! Entertainment Television). El resto no se transmite aún.
 : Atlanta y Big Bliss (Divinity).
 : Todos por TLC.
 Chile: Vestido de Novia (Discovery Home & Health). El resto no se transmite aún.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Videos de Say Yes to the Dress - TLC
 Episodios de Say Yes to the Dress - Celebrity Chatta
 Bridals by Lori

 Kleinfeld Bridal - Manhattan
 Facebook de Kleinfeld Bridal

Reality shows de Estados Unidos

Say Yes to the Dress


WWE-ov naslov Sjedinjenih Država (engl.: WWE United States Championship) je naslov u profesionalnom hrvanju predstavljen i korišten u američkoj tvrtki WWE na marki Raw. Naslov je jedna od dviju naslova drugih po važnosti za WWE-ove glavne marke zajedno s WWE Intercontinental Championship koji se nalazi na marki SmackDown. Trenutni prvak je Andrade koji drži naslov po treći put.

Naslov je osnovan 1. siječnja 1975. kao NWA United States Heavyweight Championship koja je u početku bila jedna od naslova u Jim Crockett Promotionsu i kasnije World Championship Wrestlingu (WCW) koja se na kraju odvojila od suvlasnika National Wrestling Alliancea (NWA). Harley Race je postao prvim prvakom Sjedinjenih Država. Nakon što je WCW kupila 2001. tadašnja Worlda Wrestlinga Federationa (WWF), tadašnji je WCW-ov naslov prvaka Sjedinjenih Država branilo se u WWF-u sve dok naslov prvaka nije ujedinjen s međukontinentalnim naslovom na tadašnjem Survivorov Seriesom. Nakon napetost marki 2002. i promjenom imena tvrtke u WWE naslov se ponovno aktivirao kao WWE United States Championship u srpnju 2003. sekundardnim naslovom na marki SmackDown. Naslov se godinama mijenja iz jedne marke u drugu kao rezultat WWE-ova drafta; Superstar Shake-up 2019m je prebacio naslov na Raw.

Povijest

Osvajači

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Naslovi u profesionalnom hrvanju

WWE-ov naslov Sjedinjenih Država


Zakopane je grad u Poljskoj u Malopoljskom vojvodstvu u Povjatu tatranskom. Nalazi se na granici sa Slovačkom.

Po podacima iz 2012. godine broj stanovnika bio je 27,837. Nalazi se u južnoj Poljskoj u podnožju planina Tatre. Ovo zimovalište je neslužbeno "zimska prijestonica" Poljske. Tu se održavaju i zimska sportska natjecanja npr, u skijaškim skokovima, a mjesto se kandidiralo i za domaćina Zimskih olimpijskih igri. Kraj oko Zakopana zove se Podhale.

Zakopane se prvi put spominje u 17. stoljeću kao selo. Godine 1824. prodato je obitelji Homola. U 19. stoljeću, Zakopane je bilo najveće središte metalurgije u Galiciji. Do kraja 19. stoljeća razvilo se u klimatsko lječilište s oko 3,000 stanovnika. Željeznička pruga do Zakopana počela je s radom 1. listopada 1899. godine.

Središte je etnografske skupine Gorala. Villa Koliba je muzej u Zakopanima, dio Muzeja Tatri. Napravljena je u zakopanskome stilu. Važan je dio kulture poljskih Karpata.

U Zakopanima je rođen Kamil Stoch, svjetski prvak i trostruki olimpijski pobjednik u skijaškim skokovima.

Galerija

Gradovi u Poljskoj

Zakopane