Edgar Morin (Edgar Nahoum) (d. 8 Temmuz 1921), Sefarad kökenli Fransız filozof ve sosyologdur. Akademik disiplinler arasındaki sınırları reddeden disiplinlerarası çalışmalarıyla tanınır.

Yaşamı
8 Temmuz 1921 tarihinde Edgar Nahoum adıyla Paris'te doğdu. Paris'te eğitim gördü. II. Dünya Savaşı'nda teğmen rütbesiyle Fransız Ordusu'nda savaştı. Fransa'nın işgalinden sonra, Fransız Direniş Hareketinde yer aldı ve 1941 yılında Fransız Komünist Partisi'ne katıldı.

1945 yılında Violette Chapellaubeau ile evlendi ve Almanya'da askeri ataşe olarak görev yapmak üzere karısı ile birlikte Landau'ya yerleşti. 1946'da, Paris'e geri döndü ve Komünist Parti'deki etkinliklerine devam etmek için askerliği bıraktı. Ancak eleştirel tavrından dolayı partiyle arası gitgide açılmaya başladı ve 1951 yılında "Le Nouvel Observateur"a yazdığı bir makalenin ardından partiden ihraç edildi. Aynı yıl Ulusal Bilimsel Araştırma Merkezi'ne (CNRS) kabul edildi.

1950'li yıllarda gazetecilik yaptı. 1954-1962 yılları arasında kendi kurmuş olduğu Arguments dergisini yönetti ve Communications 'in genel yayın müdürlüğünü yaptı. 1959 yılında ilk kitabı, Autocritique yayınlandı. 1989 yılına kadar CNRS'de araştırmacı ve bölüm başkanı olarak görev yaptı. Karmaşık Düşünce Derneği 'ni kurdu. 1960'ta Jean Rouch ile Chronique d'un été filmini çekti.

Felsefi düşünceleri
1948-1950 yıllarında kaleme aldığı İnsan ve Ölüm (L'Homme et la Mort), biyoloji ile insan bilimi arasındaki bağlantı ve kopuş noktasını araştırır. Morin, 1973 yılında yazdığı "Kaybolmuş Paradigma" adlı kitabında da aynı konuyu irdeler ve şöyle der: "...tarih öncesi, etnoloji, tarih, sosyoloji, çocuk psikolojisi, yani kısaca psikoloji üzerinde temellenen ölüm antropolojimiz, şimdi kendini gerçekten bilimsel olarak kanıtlamak istiyorsa, biyolojik teyidini bulmalıdır". "Kaybolmuş Paradigma", insanlık tarihine yönelik olarak hem bir dönemeç, hem de çıkış noktasına geri dönüş şeklinde değerlendirilmektedir.

Morin'e göre hiçbir bilim hataya karşı bağışık değildir, her bilgi kendi içinde hatalı olma ve yanılsama taşıma tehlikesine açıktır. Akılcılık Batı'nın tekelinde değildir. Batı paradigmaları ayırımcı, ikici ve damgalayıcıdır. Bunun için belirsizi beklemek, yeni ortaya çıktığında onu çarpık paradigmanın içinde konumlandırmaktan kaçınmak ve paradigmayı yeniden gözden geçirmek gerekmektedir.

Morin insanlık tarihinin ilerleme ve gerileme, yenilik ve yıkıcılık çatışkısıyla geliştiğini ve bilimlerin gerçekliği farklı farklı taraflara çekerek, sorumluluk ve dayanışmayı yok ettiğini ileri sürer. Morin'e göre, uzmanlaşma bilgiyi parçalamış; bunun sonucunda felsefe kendi içine kapanmış, iktisat insani bakımdan en geri kalmış bilim olmuştur. Tek boyutluluk yüzünden sorunlar üzerine düşünülemez hale gelinmiş, kör zeka insanı bilinçsiz ve sorumsuz kılmış ve insan bağlam, bütün, çok boyutluluk ve karmaşıklığı göremez hale gelmiştir.

Morin, ortaya koyduğu bu sorunun çözümünün antropoteizm olduğunu söyler. Bilgi, kendi konumunu bağlamına oturtmalı, "neredeyiz?", "nereden geldik?", "nereye gidiyoruz?" sorularına yanıt aramalıdır.

Morin, bir anlayış etiğinin üç ilkesini verir: (1)Benmerkezcilik, etnik merkezcilik, toplummerkezciliğin neden olduğu olumsuzluklara karşı iyi düşünmek, (2) durmadan öğrenmek, tekrar öğrenmek ve (3) içebakış ve hoşgörü.

Morin küreselleşmeyi de sorunsallaştırır. Günümüzde kültürlerin çeşitliliği ve küreselleşmenin olağanüstü boyutlarda olduğunu, fakat küreselleşmenin birleştirici mi yoksa parçalayıcı mı olduğunun belli olmadığını söyler. Modernliğin öldüğünü ve insanlığın çok kimlikli bir yeryüzü yurttaşlığına doğru gittiğini ileri sürer.

Morin'e göre demokrasi mükemmel bir sistem değildir, halâ kendi içinde eksiklikleri vardır. Ayrıca demokrasi henüz her yerde gerçekleşmemiştir, totaliter rejimler yeryüzündeki varlığını korumaktadır ve ancak düşünce reformuyla, insanlık siyasetiyle, gerçek hümanizm ve Dünya-Vatan bilinci ile bu konuda bir ilerleme sağlanabilir.

2020 yılında yılında verdiği Koronavirüs hakkında verdiği röportajda ''Bu kriz bize küreselleşmenin, dayanışmanın olmadığı karşılıklı bir bağımlılık olduğunu gösterdi. Küreselleşme tekno-ekonomik bir birleşme üretti ama insanlar arasındaki anlayış konusunda ilerleme sağlamadı.Pandemiyle mücadelede uluslararası dayanışma ve ortak kuruluşların yoksunluğunda, bencil milletlerin kendi içlerine kapandığına tanık oluyoruz. Ayrıca tecrit her zaman ''Ben'i tatmin etmemize yardımcı olabilir'''' demiştir.

 Eserleri
 1951, L'Homme et la mort (İnsan ve Ölüm)
 1957, Les Stars (Yıldızlar)
 1969, La Rumeur d'Orléans (Orleans Söylentisi)
 La Méthode (6 cilt) (Yöntem)
 1977, La Nature de la nature (Doğanın Doğası)
 1980, La Vie de la vie (Yaşamın Yaşamı)
 1986, La Connaissance de la connaissance (Bilginin Bilgisi)
 1991, Les Idées (Fikirler)
 2001, L'Humanité de l'humanité (İnsanlığın İnsanlığı)
 2004, L'Éthique complexe (Karmaşık Etik)
 1970, Journal de Californie (Kaliforniya Günlüğü)
 1973, Le paradigme perdu: la nature humaine (Kayıp Paradigma: İnsan Doğası)
 1981, Pour sortir du XXe siècle, (XX. Yüzyıldan Çıkmak İçin)
 1982, Science avec conscience (Vicdan ile Birlikte Bilim)
 1983, De la nature de l'URSS (URSS'nin Doğası)
 1990, Introduction à la pensée complexe (Karmaşık Düşünceye Giriş)
 1993, Terre-patrie (Dünya Vatan)
 1994, Mes démons (Benim Şeytanlarım)
 1994, La Complexité humaine (İnsanın Karmaşıklığı)
 1997, Comprendre la complexité dans les organisations de soins 1999, L'Intelligence de la complexité (Karmaşıklığın Zekası)
 1999, Relier les connaissances
 1999, La Tête bien faite 2000, Les Sept savoirs nécessaires à l'éducation du futur 2001, Journal de Plozévet, Bretagne (Plozévet, Breton Günlüğü)
 2002, Pour une politique de civilisation (Bir Uygarlık Politikası İçin)
 2002, Dialogue sur la connaissance. Entretiens avec des lycéens (Bilgi Üzerine Diyalog. Liseliler ile Birlikte Dinleyiciler)
 2003, La Violence du monde (Yeryüzündeki Şiddet)
 2003, Éduquer pour l'ère planétaire, la pensée complexe comme méthode d'apprentissage dans l'erreur et l'incertitude humaine 2003, Les Enfants du ciel : entre vide, lumière, matière 2004, Pour Entrer dans le XXIe siècle (XXI. Yüzyıla Girmek İçin)

 Kaynakça
 Edgar Morin, "Kaybolmuş Paradigma: İnsan Doğası", Birey ve Toplum, 1989.
 Edgar Morin, Aşk Şiir Bilgelik, Om, 1999.
 Edgar Morin, Geleceğin Eğitimi İçin Gerekli Yedi Bilgi, İBÜY, 2003.
 Edgar Morin, Dünya Vatan, İletişim, 2001.
 Edgar Morin, Bir Uygarlık Siyaseti'', Om, 2000.

Dış bağlantılar

 "Edgar Morin: Kısmi Bir Tanıtım" makalesi (A. Montuori, California Institute of Integral Studies)
 "Edgar Morin'e Yapılan Haksızlık" makalesi (Doug Ireland)
 UNESCO'nun web sitesinde Edgar Morin ile yapılan bir röportaj ve Morin'in kısa biyografisi
 Fransa Dışişleri Bakanlığı'nın web sitesinde Edgar Morin ile yapılan bir röportaj ve Morin'in biyografisi
 Edgar Morin hakkında İspanyolca bir site

1921 doğumlular
20. yüzyıl filozofları
Fransız filozoflar
Fransız sosyologlar
Epistemologlar
Yaşayan insanlar
100 yaş üstü Fransızlar

Edgar Morin


Roderick Kevin Woodson (born March 10, 1965) is an American former professional football cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for 17 seasons. Woodson was drafted in the 1987 NFL Draft by the Pittsburgh Steelers and played his first ten years there, and was a key member of the Baltimore Ravens' Super Bowl XXXV championship team. He also had two shorter stints for the San Francisco 49ers and two seasons with the Oakland Raiders. Widely considered one of the greatest all-time defensive players ever, Woodson holds the NFL record for fumble recoveries (32) by a defensive player, and interceptions returned for touchdown (12), and was named the NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 1993. His 71 career interceptions are the third-most in NFL history. He was an inductee of the Class of 2009 of the Pro Football Hall of Fame in Canton, Ohio on August 8, 2009. Woodson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2016. He played most of his career as a cornerback then switched to safety during the later part of his career. Woodson was most recently the head coach of the XFL's Vegas Vipers.

From his retirement in 2003 to February 2011, Woodson worked as an analyst for the NFL Network (on NFL Total Access and Thursday Night Football) and for the Big Ten Network. He spent the 2011 season as the Raiders' cornerbacks coach. He then returned to broadcasting, working for Westwood One as an analyst on college football (2012) and the NFL (2013) before resuming his coaching career in 2014. He was announced in July 2022 as the Ravens' new radio color commentator beginning with the upcoming season.

College career
Woodson accepted a full scholarship to play football at Purdue University, in part because of a desire to pursue a degree in electrical engineering. He played primarily as a cornerback and kick returner, but also saw time on offense as a running back and wide receiver. He was named an All-American defensive back in 1985 and 1986; he was named an All-American returner in 1986 and was a three-time All-Big Ten first team selection.

In his final collegiate game, Woodson gained over 150 combined rushing and receiving yards, in addition to making ten tackles and forcing a fumble, leading Purdue to a victory over arch-rival Indiana.

Woodson left Purdue with 13 individual records, tying the school record with 11 career interceptions, which he returned for 276 yards and three touchdowns. He currently is ranked in the top ten in career interceptions, solo tackles, total tackles, passes deflected, and kickoff return yardage (1,535 yards) as a Boilermaker.

Woodson was inducted into the Purdue Intercollegiate Athletics Hall of Fame in 2003.

On December 11, 2014, the Big Ten Network included Woodson on "The Mount Rushmore of Purdue Football", as chosen by online fan voting. Woodson was joined in the honor by Drew Brees, Bob Griese, and Leroy Keyes.

On January 8, 2016, Woodson was selected for induction in the College Football Hall of Fame.

Track and field

In addition to his exploits on the gridiron, Woodson was also an accomplished track and field athlete at Purdue, and was twice awarded All-America honors. He finished second at the 1985 NCAA championships in the 55 meter hurdles and third at the 1987 NCAA championships in the 55 meter hurdles. Woodson held the NCAA 60 meter hurdles record for 10 years. As of January 2009, he still holds the school records in both the 60 and 110 meter hurdles. He earned five Big Ten championships while at Purdue. In 1984, he qualified for the Olympic Trials in the 110 meter hurdles, but elected to continue his football career in the NFL after graduating from Purdue with a degree in criminal justice.

Personal bests

Professional career

Pittsburgh Steelers
The Pittsburgh Steelers selected Woodson in the first round (10th overall) of the 1987 NFL Draft. Although the Steelers wanted to draft Woodson to help rebuild their secondary, the team expected Woodson to be drafted before their turn at tenth overall. Head coach Chuck Noll instructed defensive coordinator Tony Dungy not to bother with a scouting report on Woodson due to his expected unavailability. However, the Pittsburgh Steelers were able to draft Woodson after the Cleveland Browns traded for the San Diego Chargers' fifth overall pick and subsequently used selection to draft linebacker Mike Junkin. The St. Louis Cardinals drafted Kelly Stouffer (sixth overall) who ultimately never played for the Cardinals due to a contract dispute. The Buffalo Bills were the last likely team to draft Woodson, but instead used the eighth overall pick to draft linebacker Shane Conlan.

1987
Woodson missed training camp due to a contract holdout that lasted 95 days after he was unable to come to terms on a contract with the Steelers. Woodson was a World-Class 110-meter hurdler and ran track on the European track circuit during his contract holdout. Woodson had the fourth fastest 110-meter hurdle time in the world. He won the bronze medal at the 1987 USA Olympic festival, and won medals in several IAAF Grand Prix meetings in Europe. Woodson is one of only two athletes in history to be inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame and also earn a world ranking in the high hurdles.

On October 28, 1987, the Pittsburgh Steelers signed Woodson to a four-year, $1.80 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $700,000. Woodson's contract holdout was the longest in the Pittsburgh Steelers' franchise history, until Le'Veon Bell withheld the entire 2018 NFL season.

On November 8, 1987, Woodson made his professional regular season debut in the Pittsburgh Steelers' 17–16 victory at the Kansas City Chiefs in Week 8. He finished his debut with two kick returns for 48-yards and two punt returns for 12-yards. On November 22, 1987, Woodson made his first career interception off a pass from Bengals' quarterback Boomer Esiason and returned it for a 45-yard touchdown during the Steelers' 30–16 win in Week 11. It was his first career touchdown. He finished his rookie season in 1987 with 20 combined tackles in eight games and no starts. Woodson also returned 13 kicks for 290-yards (22.3 YPR) and made 16 punt returns for 135-yards (8.4 YPR).

1988
Woodson entered training camp in 1988 slated as the starting cornerback. Head coach Chuck Noll named Woodson a starting cornerback to begin the regular season, opposite fellow cornerback Dwayne Woodruff. Woodson also retained kick and punt return duties in 1988. On October 9, 1988, Woodson returned a kick for a 92-yard touchdown during a 31–14 loss to the Phoenix Cardinals in Week 6. The touchdown was the first kick return touchdown of his career. In Week 12, Woodson made his first career sack on Browns' quarterback Bernie Kosar in the Steelers' 27–7 loss to the Cleveland Browns. Woodson started in all 16 games in 1988 and recorded 88 combined tackles, four interceptions, and was credited with half a sack. He also returned 37 kicks for 850-yards and a touchdown (22.9 YPR) and 33 punts for 281-yards (8.5 YPR).

1989
On January 3, 1989, Pittsburgh Steelers' defensive coordinator Tony Dungy announced his resignation after they finished with a 5–11 record the previous season. The Steelers also fired four assistant coaches.

Woodson and Dwayne Woodruff returned as the Steelers' starting cornerback tandem in 1989. On November 19, 1989, Woodson returned a kickoff for an 84-yard touchdown during a 20–17 win against the San Diego Chargers. Woodson started 15 games in 1989 and recorded 80 combined tackles and three interceptions. He also returned 36 kickoffs for 982-yards
(27.2 YPR) and one touchdown and had 29 punt returns for 207-yards (7.1 YPR). The Pittsburgh Steelers finished the season third in the AFC Central with a 9–7 record and earned a wildcard berth. On December 31, 1989, Woodson started in his first career playoff game and had four kick returns for 74-yards during a 26–23 victory at the Houston Oilers in the AFC Wildcard Game. The following week, the Steelers were eliminated from the playoffs after losing 24–23 to the Denver Broncos in the AFC Divisional Round.

1990
The Pittsburgh Steelers promoted linebackers coach Dave Brazil to defensive coordinator after Rod Rust accepted the head coaching position with the New England Patriots. Head coach Chuck Noll retained Woodson as a starting cornerback in 1990, opposite D.J. Johnson.

On September 16, 1990, Woodson returned a punt from Oilers' punter Greg Montgomery for a 52-yard touchdown during a 20–9 victory against the Houston Oilers, marking the first punt return for a touchdown in his career. On December 6, 1990, the Pittsburgh Steelers reportedly offered Woodson a three-year, $3 million contract extension. That contract would make Woodson the highest paid player in team history. On December 20, 1990, it was announced that Woodson was selected to play in the 1991 Pro Bowl. Woodson started in all 16 games in 1990 and recorded 66 combined tackles and five interceptions. He was voted first-team All-Pro in 1990. Woodson had 35 kick returns for 764 return yards (21.8 YPR) and 38 punt returns for 398 return yards and a touchdown (10.4 YPR).

1991
Woodson and D.J. Johnson returned as the starting cornerback tandem in 1991. Woodson was inactive for the Steelers' Week 13 victory against the Houston Oilers due to an injury. On November 28, 1991, Woodson recorded his first career solo sack on Cowboys' quarterback Steve Beuerlein in the Steelers' 20–10 loss to the Dallas Cowboys. On December 27, 1991, Pittsburgh Steelers' head coach Chuck Noll announced his decision to retire after the Steelers finished with a 7–9 record in 1991. He started in 15 games in 1991 and recorded 73 combined tackles, 3 interceptions, and a sack. He also returned 44 kicks for 880 return yards (22.0 YPR) and had 28 punt returns for 320-yards (11.4 YPR).

1992
On January 21, 1992, the Pittsburgh Steelers announced the hiring of former Kansas City Chiefs' defensive coordinator Bill Cowher as their new head coach. On January 31, 1992, Cowher announced the hiring of former New Orleans Saints' secondary coach Dom Capers as their new defensive coordinator.

On May 19, 1992, it was reported that Woodson was one of nine NFL players to sue the National Football League for unrestricted free agency. Other players included Steve Beuerlein (Cowboys), Bobby Hebert (Saints), D. J. Dozier (Lions), Scott Mitchell (Dolphins), Jeff Dellenbach (Dolphins), Seth Joyner (Eagles), Clyde Simmons (Eagles), and Kevin Ross (Chiefs). Head coach Bill Cowher retained Woodson and D.J. Johnson as the starting cornerback tandem in 1992.

He started in the Pittsburgh Steelers' season-opener against the Houston Oilers and made two interceptions off pass attempts by Oilers' quarterback Warren Moon in their 29–24 victory. On October 25, 1992, Woodson returned a punt for an 80-yard touchdown as the Steelers defeated the Kansas City Chiefs 27–3. On November 1, 1992, Woodson delivered a hit to Oilers' quarterback Warren Moon on a cornerback blitz during a 21–20 win against the Houston Oilers in Week 8. The hit gave Moon a concussion and forced him to leave the game. In Week 14, he made a career-high two sacks on Bears' quarterback Jim Harbaugh during a 30–6 loss to the Chicago Bears. On December 24, 1992, it was announced that Woodson was selected to play in the 1993 Pro Bowl. He started in all 16 games in 1992 and recorded 100 combined tackles, a career-high six sacks, and four interceptions.

1993
On March 1, 1993, the NFL implemented unrestricted free agency. Woodson received an $1.11 million settlement from the league after being one of 15 plaintiffs to sue the league in a class action antitrust lawsuit.

Woodson and D.J. Johnson returned as the starting cornerback tandem for the fourth consecutive season and started alongside safeties Darren Perry and Carnell Lake. He started in the Pittsburgh Steelers' season-opener at the San Francisco 49ers and intercepted two passes by quarterback Steve Young in their 24–13 victory.

On September 18, 1993, the Pittsburgh Steelers signed Woodson to a four-year, $12 million contract. The contract made Woodson the NFL's highest paid defensive back. In Week 4, he made two interceptions off passes by Falcons' quarterbacks Bobby Hebert and Billy Joe Tolliver during a 45–17 victory against the Atlanta Falcons. On October 17, 1993, Woodson intercepted two passes by Saints' quarterback Wade Wilson and returned one for a 63-yard touchdown in the Steelers' 37–14 win against the New Orleans Saints. Woodson started in all 16 games in 1993 and recorded 95 combined tackles, a career-high eight interceptions, two sacks, and a touchdown. He also made 15 kick returns for 294 return yards (19.6 YPR) and 42 punt returns for 338 return yards (8.0 YPR). He was also named NFL Defensive Player of the Year.

1994
Woodson returned as the No. 1 starting cornerback in 1994, opposite Deon Figures. He played under defensive coordinator Dom Capers and assistant coaches Dick LeBeau and Marvin Lewis. On November 14, 1994, Woodson intercepted pass by Bills' quarterback Jim Kelly and returned it for a 37-yard touchdown in the first quarter of the Steelers' 23–10 win against the Buffalo Bills in Week 11. Woodson started in 15 games in 1994 and recorded 67 tackles, four interceptions, three sacks, and a touchdown. He also made 15 kick returns for a total of 365 return yards (24.3 YPR) and 39 punt returns for 319 return yards (8.1 YPR).

1995
On January 26, 1995, the Pittsburgh Steelers promoted defensive backs coach Dick LeBeau to defensive coordinator after Dom Capers accepted the head coaching position with the Carolina Panthers.

Woodson started as the No.1 cornerback to begin the 1995 regular season, alongside Willie Williams. On September 3, 1995, Woodson sustained a torn ACL
when his foot got caught in the artificial turf at Three Rivers Stadium when he attempted to change direction and arm tackle Detroit Lions' running back Barry Sanders in the first quarter of the Pittsburgh Steelers' season-opening 23–20 victory against the Detroit Lions. Steelers' safety Carnell Lake replaced Woodson at cornerback during his injury hiatus. On September 11, 1995, Woodson underwent reconstructive surgery and had his ACL in his left knee replaced with a patella tendon from his right knee.

The Pittsburgh Steelers finished first in the AFC Central with an 11–5 record and earned a first round bye. They defeated the Buffalo Bills 40–21 in the AFC Divisional Round and defeated the Indianapolis Colts 20–16 in the AFC Championship Game. On January 28, 1996, Woodson made his return from injury and played in Super Bowl XXX as the Steelers lost 27–17 to the Dallas Cowboys. Woodson became the first player to return from reconstructive knee surgery in the same season and returned after only 19 weeks. Woodson was limited to 12 snaps in Super Bowl XXX and was primarily used on third down. During the game, he broke up a pass intended for Michael Irvin and immediately hopped up and pointed at his reconstructed knee.

1996
On August 12, 1996, Woodson declined the Pittsburgh Steelers' three-year, $9 million contract extension offer and requested a long-term contract for four or five-years. They went on to offer Woodson a five-year, $10 million contract extension and a five-year, $13.5 million incentive-laden contract with a signing bonus of $500,000 included. Woodson returned as the starting cornerback alongside Willie Williams, but was relieved of kick and punt return duties.

He started in the Pittsburgh Steelers' season-opener at the Jacksonville Jaguars and collected a season-high eight combined tackles and made an interception in their 24–9 loss. On September 8, 1996, Woodson recorded five combined tackles and returned an interception by Ravens' quarterback Vinny Testaverde 43 yards for a touchdown during a 31–17 win against the Baltimore Ravens in Week 2. In Week 11, Woodson recorded five combined tackles and made a season-high two interceptions off pass attempts by Bengals' quarterback Jeff Blake during a 34–24 loss to the Cincinnati Bengals. He started in all 16 games in 1996 and recorded 71 combined tackles, six interceptions, a touchdown, and a sack.

The Pittsburgh Steelers finished atop the AFC Central with a 10–6 record. On January 5, 1997, Woodson recorded seven combined tackles in his last appearance as a member of the Pittsburgh Steelers. They went on to lose 28–3 to the New England Patriots in the AFC Divisional Round.

Free agency
After the 1996 NFL season, the Pittsburgh Steelers offered Woodson a four-year, $7.2 million contract with a signing bonus of $1 million. Woodson became an unrestricted free agent in 1997 after he was unable to agree to a contract with the Pittsburgh Steelers. Woodson was plagued by injuries in 1996, including a strained Achilles tendon, a sprained knee, and an injury to his back that substantially hurt his value on the free agent market. On April 19, 1997, Woodson declined a four-year, $7 million contract offer from the Pittsburgh Steelers hours before the 1997 NFL Draft. The Steelers subsequently drafted Maryland cornerback Chad Scott in the first round (24th overall) of the 1997 NFL Draft and ended negotiations with Woodson.

During the offseason, Woodson held a workout at Purdue that was attended by ten teams interested in signing him, including the San Francisco 49ers, Chicago Bears, Cincinnati Bengals, and Jacksonville Jaguars. The Cincinnati Bengals offered Woodson  a three-year contract reportedly worth between $1.5 million and $2 million per season.

San Francisco 49ers

1997
On July 17, 1997, the San Francisco 49ers signed Woodson to a three-year contract. Head coach Steve Mariucci named Woodson a starting cornerback on the 49ers' depth chart to begin the regular season, opposite Darnell Walker. On September 14, 1997, Woodson recorded two combined tackles, forced a fumble, and made a career-high three interceptions off passes by Saints' quarterback Danny Wuerffel during a 33–7 victory against the New Orleans Saints in Week 2. In Week 10, he collected a season-high eight combined tackles in the 49ers' 17–10 victory against the Dallas Cowboys. He started in all 16 games in 1997 and recorded 46 combined tackles, three interceptions, and a forced fumble.

The San Francisco 49ers finished first in the NFC West with a 13–3 record and earned a first round bye. They defeated the Minnesota Vikings 38–22 in the NFC Divisional Round. The following week, Woodson made four combined tackles as the 49ers were defeated by the Green Bay Packers 23–10. On February 9, 1998, the San Francisco 49ers cut Woodson and former Steelers' teammate Kevin Greene in an effort to free up salary cap space.

Baltimore Ravens

1998
On February 21, 1998, the Baltimore Ravens signed Woodson to a three-year, $5.70 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $3 million. Woodson was reunited with Ravens' defensive coordinator Marvin Lewis who was a linebacker coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers.

Head coach Ted Marchibroda named Woodson a starting cornerback to begin the regular season, alongside Duane Starks. On September 4, 1998, it was reported that Woodson entered stage 1 of the league's substance abuse program after refusing to take a drug test the previous month. It was reported that Woodson became infuriated after he was randomly selected to take a drug test on two consecutive days. His refusal automatically counted as a failed test although he subsequently relented and passed the test the next day.

On September 13, 1998, Woodson recorded a season-high 11 combined tackles, made two interceptions, and returned one for a touchdown during a 24–10 win at the New York Jets in Week 2. Woodson intercepted a pass by Jets'quarterback Glenn Foley, that was intended for wide receiver Dedric Ward, and returned it for a 60-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter. On November 8, 1998, Woodson made five combined tackles and returned an interception for a touchdown during the Ravens' 13–10 win against the Oakland Raiders. Woodson intercepted a pass by Raiders' quarterback Donald Hollas, that was intended for wide receiver Tim Brown, and returned it for an 18-yard touchdown in the first quarter. He started in all 16 games in 1998 and recorded 88 combined tackles, six interceptions, and two touchdowns. On December 28, 1998, the Baltimore Ravens fired head coach Ted Marchibroda after the Ravens finished the season with a 6–10 record.

1999
On January 19, 1999, the Baltimore Ravens hired former Minnesota Vikings' offensive coordinator Brian Billick as their new head coach. Billick retained Marvin Lewis as the Baltimore Ravens' defensive coordinator and hired Mike Smith, Jack Del Rio, and Rex Ryan as defensive position coaches. Defensive coordinator Marvin Lewis opted to move Woodson to free safety after the Baltimore Ravens drafted cornerback Chris McAlister in the first round (10th overall) of the 1999 NFL Draft. Woodson was named the starting free safety and was used to make checks in coverage and help stabilize a young secondary that also included cornerbacks Duane Starks and strong safety Kim Herring.

On November 7, 1999, Woodson recorded two combined tackles and returned an interception for a touchdown during a 41–9 win at the Cleveland Browns. Woodson intercepted a pass by Browns' backup quarterback Ty Detmer and returned it for a 66-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter. In Week 11, he made four combined tackles and made his 50th career interception off a pass by Bengals' quarterback Jeff Blake during a 34–31 victory at the Cincinnati Bengals. On December 5, 1999, Woodson made eight combined tackles and returned an interception for a touchdown in the Ravens' 41–14 win against the Tennessee Titans. Woodson intercepted a pass by Titans' quarterback Steve McNair, that was intended for wide receiver Kevin Dyson, and returned it for a 47-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter. In Week 14, he collected a season-high nine combined tackles during a 31–24 win at the Pittsburgh Steelers. He started in all 16 games in 1999 and recorded 66 combined tackles, seven interceptions, and two touchdowns.

2000
Woodson and Kim Herring returned as the starting safety tandem in 2000. Woodson became the veteran presence and a mentor to a young secondary. In Week 6, he made three tackles and an interception during a 15–10 win at the Jacksonville Jaguars. It became his third consecutive game with an interception. In Week 17, he collected a season-high 11 combined tackles and forced a fumble in the Ravens' 34–20 win against the New York Jets. On December 14, 2000, Woodson was selected to the 2001 Pro Bowl, marking the 10th Pro Bowl selection of his career. Woodson started in all 16 games in 2000 and recorded 74 combined tackles, four interceptions, and two forced fumbles.

The Baltimore Ravens finished second in the AFC Central with a 12–4 record and defeated the Denver Broncos 21–3 in the AFC Wild Card Round. On January 7, 2001, Woodson recorded 11 combined tackles in the Ravens' 24–10 win at the Tennessee Titans in the AFC Divisional Round. The following week, the Ravens went on to defeat the Oakland Raiders 16–3 in the AFC Championship Game. On January 28, 2001, Woodson recorded six combined tackles as the Ravens defeated the New York Giants 34–7 in Super Bowl XXXV.

2001
On March 1, 2001, Woodson was one of seven players released by the Baltimore Ravens. He became an unrestricted free agent after the Baltimore Ravens declined an option to retain him. On May 7, 2001, the Baltimore Ravens signed Woodson to a five-year contract. Head coach Brian Billick retained Woodson as the starting free safety. Woodson started alongside strong safety Corey Harris in 2001.

In Week 4, he collected a season-high ten combined tackles and made an interception during a 26–7 win against the Tennessee Titans. On December 2, 2001, Woodson made two combined tackles and returned an interception for a touchdown in the Ravens' 39–27 win against the Indianapolis Colts in Week 12. Woodson intercepted a pass by Colts' quarterback Peyton Manning, that was intended for wide receiver Marvin Harrison, and returned it for a 47-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter. He started in all 16 games in 2001 and recorded 74 combined tackles, three interceptions, forced a fumble, and scored a touchdown. The Baltimore Ravens finished second in their division with a 10–6 record, but were eliminated from the playoffs after a 27–10 loss at the Pittsburgh Steelers in the AFC Divisional Round. Woodson finished the game with ten combined tackles (eight solo) and a pass deflection against his former team.

2002
On February 29, 2002, the Baltimore Ravens released Woodson in a salary cap related maneuver.

Oakland Raiders
On May 1, 2002, the Oakland Raiders signed Woodson to a six-year contract. Head coach Bill Callahan named Woodson the starting free safety to begin the regular season, alongside strong safety Derrick Gibson.

On September 28, 2002, Woodson recorded four combined tackles, made a career-high three interceptions, and returned one for a touchdown in the Raiders' 52–25 win against the Tennessee Titans. He intercepted a pass by Titans' quarterback Steve McNair, that was intended for tight end Frank Wycheck, and returned it for an 82-yard touchdown in the third quarter. On November 11, 2002, Woodson recorded four combined tackles, deflected a pass, and returned an interception for the final touchdown of his career in the Raiders' 34–10 win at the Denver Broncos in Week 9. Woodson intercepted a pass by Broncos' quarterback Brian Griese, that was originally intended for running back Clinton Portis, and returned it for a 98-yard touchdown in the second quarter. He started in all 16 games in 2002 and recorded 82 combined tackles (70 solo), a career-high eight interceptions, seven pass deflections, and a touchdown. On January 2, 2002, it was announced that Woodson was selected to play in the 2002 Pro Bowl.

The Oakland Raiders finished first in the AFC West with an 11–5 record and earned a first round bye. They reached Super Bowl XXXVII after defeating the New York Jets 30–10 in the AFC Divisional Round and defeating the Tennessee Titans 41–24 in the AFC Championship Game. On January 26, 2003, Woodson recorded eight combined tackles and deflected a pass as the Raiders lost Super Bowl XXXVII 48–21 to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

2003
Woodson and Derrick Gibson returned as the starting safety duo in 2003. In Week 3, he collected a season-high nine combined tackles during a 31–10 loss at the Denver Broncos. On November 16, 2003, Woodson made five combined tackles, deflected two passes, and made the last interception of his career during a 28–18 win against the Minnesota Vikings. His final interception came off a pass by Vikings' quarterback Daunte Culpepper. On November 26, 2003, the Oakland Raiders placed Woodson on injured reserve due to a chronic injury to his left knee. He underwent surgery the following month. Woodson finished the season with 51 combined tackles (40 solo), two interceptions, and a pass deflection in ten games and ten starts.

2004
On July 28, 2004, the Oakland Raiders released Woodson after he failed a physical after undergoing knee surgery.

NFL records and accomplishments
Woodson is among the NFL's all-time leaders in games played as a defensive back. In his 17 NFL seasons, Woodson recorded 71 interceptions, 1,483 interception return yards, 32 fumble recoveries (15 offensive and 17 defensive), 137 fumble return yards, 4,894 kickoff return yards, 2,362 punt return yards, and 17 touchdowns (12 interception returns, 1 fumble return, 2 kickoff returns, 2 punt returns). He holds the league record for interceptions returned for touchdown with 12, and is tied with 11 other players for the record for most fumble recoveries in a single game (3). His 1,483 interception return yards is the second most in NFL history (Ed Reed has 1,590 yards). His 32 fumble recoveries are a record among defensive players. His 71 interceptions rank third all time.

Woodson was named to the Pro Bowl 11 times, a record for his position. He was also the first player to earn trips to the Pro Bowl at cornerback, safety and kick returner. He was named 1993's NFL Defensive Player of the Year by the Associated Press.  He was also a 7-time All-Pro selection. Woodson finished second to Darrell Green in the 1988 NFL Fastest Man Contest.

In 1994, he was named to the NFL's 75th Anniversary Team, one of only five active players to be named to the team. The others were Jerry Rice, Joe Montana, Reggie White and Ronnie Lott. In 1999, he was ranked number 87 on The Sporting News''' list of the 100 Greatest Football Players. The College Football News also honored him as one of the 100 greatest players of the 20th century.

In 2007, he was ranked number 22 on USA Today'' list of the 25 best NFL players of the past 25 years.

On January 31, 2009, Woodson was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility. Woodson named his friend and business associate Tracy Foster as his presenter. Foster runs Woodson's car dealership in Pittsburgh.

Coaching career
Woodson coached the defense at Valley Christian Senior High in Dublin, California along with former Raider John Parrella. He was also the head coach of the women's Varsity Basketball team.

The Raiders hired Woodson as their cornerbacks coach on February 14, 2011. He (along with most of Hue Jackson's Raiders staff) was not retained following the 2011 season. On June 12, 2013, the Pittsburgh Steelers announced that Woodson would be serving as an intern coach. On February 9, 2015, it was announced that Woodson would be returning to the Raiders as an assistant defensive backs coach under head coach Jack Del Rio, defensive coordinator Ken Norton Jr. and defensive backs coach Marcus Robertson. On March 9, 2017, following Robertson's firing earlier that offseason, Woodson was promoted back to cornerbacks coach alongside new safeties coach Brent Vieselmeyer. Woodson was fired following the 2017 season, after Jon Gruden was hired as head coach.

On April 13, 2022, Woodson was announced as one of the eight head coaches for the 2023 season of the XFL. Later on, it was revealed that he would coach  the relocated Vegas Vipers. After a 2-8 season in 2023, the Vipers and Woodson agreed to part ways on June 11, 2023.

Head coaching record

XFL

NFL career statistics

Regular season

Personal life
Woodson was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana and was the youngest of three siblings, with whom he had close relationships. His father, the late James Woodson, was African American, and his mother, Linda Jo Doerflein, was of German descent. His father was a laborer from Tennessee and his mother worked with the handicapped in Fort Wayne. Woodson attended R. Nelson Snider High School in Fort Wayne, Indiana. His parents married in 1960 and had three sons, Joe, Jamie, and Rod. Woodson was raised in a two-story home in a predominantly black neighborhood. His family experienced harassment through his youth due to their mixed-race.

From 1994 until 2008 Woodson held an annual youth football camp and activities, the Rod Woodson Youth Week, on the grounds of his former high school. This week-long camp featured current and former NFL players mentoring kids on football skills and the importance of education. There was a cheer camp, basketball game and concert. Woodson funded the majority of the week that also provided academic awards for camp goers and saw hundreds of kids throughout its existence. Woodson was also an outspoken Christian.

Woodson used to split his time between NFL Network studios in Los Angeles, his home in Pleasanton, and a cottage in Coldwater, Michigan. He was also part of the studio team for BBC Sport's NFL coverage in 2007, including Super Bowl XLII and Super Bowl XLIII. In February 2011, he accepted the role as the defensive backs coach of the NFL's Oakland Raiders (his former team).

He played defensive back and a variety of offensive skill positions and was named Parade and USA Today All-American, all-state his junior and senior seasons. Woodson was named Indiana "Mr. Football" in 1982. In addition to football, he won both the high and low hurdles state championships in both his junior and senior seasons; and played varsity basketball his junior and senior seasons, making all-conference his senior year.

Woodson resides in Pleasanton, California with his wife, Nikki, who he married in 1992. The couple have five children; two sons and three daughters.

Incidents
On April 25, 1988, it was reported that Woodson was one of three men arrested for stealing $70 in a tip jar from McCaw's restaurant-bar in West Lafayette, Indiana. Charges were not filed.

On September 23, 1988, Woodson and teammate Delton Hall were involved in a bar fight with another man in Moon Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Police were called to Sessions Bar at 2:34AM due to a fight involving Woodson, Hall, and a man identified as Derrick Wilson. Hall stated the fight began over criticism about football. The rear window of Wilson's vehicle was broken during the altercation, but Woodson agreed to pay for damages.   On September 29, 1988, the Pittsburgh Steelers stated both players had been privately reprimanded for their involvement.

On June 13, 1989, Woodson was charged with misdemeanor battery on a police officer after an altercation outside of a bar in Fort Wayne, Indiana.

On May 19, 1992, Woodson was arrested in his hometown of Fort Wayne, Indiana for battery due to an altercation with his brother, Jamie Woodson. On March 24, 1993, Woodson was found not guilty of battery by a jury.

References

External links

 Oakland Raiders profile

1965 births
Living people
American people of German descent
African-American players of American football
African-American sports announcers
African-American sports journalists
All-American college football players
Alliance of American Football announcers
American Conference Pro Bowl players
American football cornerbacks
American football return specialists
American football safeties
Baltimore Ravens players
College football announcers
National Football League announcers
National Football League Defensive Player of the Year Award winners
NFL Network people
Oakland Raiders coaches
Oakland Raiders players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
Players of American football from Fort Wayne, Indiana
Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees
Purdue Boilermakers football players
San Francisco 49ers players
Sportspeople from Fort Wayne, Indiana
Vegas Vipers head coaches

Rod Woodson


Le Cortège catalan est une pièce pour grand orchestre composée par Déodat de Séverac, publiée en 1918.

Composition
Déodat de Séverac compose son Cortège catalan à une date indéterminée, pendant la Première Guerre mondiale : la partition est publiée par Rouart-Lerolle et Cie, en 1918.

Présentation
L'œuvre est en un seul mouvement, et se présente .

Discographie
 Déodat de Séverac : Inédits, Œuvres pour orchestre par l'Orchestre de la Suisse romande, dir. Roberto Benzi (Victoria Hall de Genève, du 20 août au ) CD RSR 6197, 2006

Bibliographie

Ouvrages généraux

Monographies
 .
 .

Notes discographiques

Références

Liens externes

Cortège catalan
Cortège catalan

Cortège catalan


رودريغو سيكويرا باديلا  ، من مواليد 22 يونيو 1957 ، حكم كرة قدم كوستاريكي دولي سابق.

حكم في بطولة كأس العالم لكرة القدم 1994.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
حكام كأس العالم
حكام كأس العالم 1994
حكام كأس القارات 1992
حكام كأس القارات 1995
حكام كأس كونكاكاف الذهبية
حكام كرة قدم كوستاريكيون
حكام كوبا أمريكا
مواليد 1957

رودريغو باديلا


Töfraklukka (fræðiheiti: Campanula cashmeriana) er tegund af klukkuætt (Campanulaceae), ættuð frá Himalajafjöllum.

Tilvísanir

Bláklukkur

Töfraklukka


العالم المسلم أبو إسحاق إبراهيم بن محمد، عالم شامي مواليد سنة 600 هجرية بدمشق، ونشأ بها واشتغل بصناعة الطب حتى أتقنها ولم يصل أحد من أربابها في زمانه إلى ما وصل إليه، قد حصل كلياتها، واشتمل على جزئياتها، وقرأ أيضاً في علم الأدب حتى بلغ فيه أعلى الرتب، وأتقن العربية وبرع في علوم الأدب وخاصة الشعر وإلقائه وكان أبوه تاجراً من السويداء بحوران، ودرس مع ابن أبي أصيبعة في مكتب الشيخ أبي بكر الصقلي وعمل طبيباً في البيمارستان النوري،
وخدم أيضاً في البيمارستان بباب البريد، وتردد إلى قلعة دمشق وكان مدرسا
وكتب عز الدين بخطه كتباً كثيرة جداً في الطب وغيره فمنها خط منسوب طريقة ابن البواب، ومنها خط يشابه مولد الكوفي، حيث كتب ثلاث نسخ من كتاب القانون لابن سينا، وفي سنة 632 هجرية وصل إلى دمشق تاجر من بلاد العجم، ومعه نسخة من شرح ابن أبي صادق لكتاب منافع الأعضاء لجالينوس وهي صحيحة معقولة من خط المصنف ولم يكن قبل ذلك منها نسخة في الشام.

مدحه ابن أبي أصيبعة
أنشد شعرا لابن أبي اصيبعة لما ألف ابن أبي أصيبعة كتاب في تاريخ المتطببين المعروف بكتاب عيون الأنباء في طبقات الأطباء، فقال:

كتبه
 كتاب الباهر في الجواهر
 كتاب التذكرة الهادية والذخيرة الكافية في الطب.

مراجع

علماء سوريون
علماء مسلمون في القرن 7 هـ
مواليد 600 هـ
مواليد في دمشق

عز الدين بن السويدي


Terzili, Sungurlu - Çorum ili Sungurlu ilçesine bağlı köy
 Terzili, Babaeski - Kırklareli ili Babaeski ilçesine bağlı köy
 Terzili, Korgan - Ordu ili Korgan ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Terzili, Altınordu - Ordu ili Altınordu ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Terzili, Bafra - Samsun ili Bafra ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Terzili, Yerköy - Yozgat ili Yerköy ilçesine bağlı köy

Terzili


Ölümsüz Oyun, Adolf Anderssen - Lionel Kieseritzky (1851)

Satranç tarihi boyunca pek çok oyun satranççıların hayranlığını kazanmıştır. Tüm bunlar arasında haklı olarak "Ölümsüz Oyun" ismini alan aşağıdaki oyunun ayrı bir önemi vardır. Modern satrancın temellerinin yeni yeni atıldığı bir dönemde Anderssen o günün romantik anlayışına uygun bir stille aşağıdaki şaheseri çıkarmıştır. Günümüzün bilgisayar destekli saniyelik analizlerinde iki tarafın da hatalı hamleleri kolayca fark edilebilir. Ama Kasparov'un da dediği gibi güzellikleriyle insanları etkileyen her oyunda mutlaka bir hata vardır.

Hamleler:

1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Fc4 Vh4+ 4.Şf1 b5 5.Fxb5 Af6 6.Af3 Vh6 7.d3 Ah5 8.Ah4 Vg5 9.Af5 c6 10.g4? Af6?
11.Kg1 cxb5 12.h4 Vg6 13.h5 Vg5 14.Vf3 15.Fxf4 Vf6 16.Ac3 Fc5 17.Ad5! Vxb2 18.Fd6!! Fxg1 19.e5 Vxa1+ 20.Şe2 Aa6 21.Axg7+ Şd8 22.Vf6+! Axf6 23.Fe7#

Kaynakça
 Ölümsüz oyunlar

Satranç oyunları
Satrançta 19. yüzyıl
1851

Ölümsüz Oyun


Solidarité Française ("French Solidarity") was a French far-right league founded in 1933 by the perfume manufacturer François Coty (1874-1934) as the "Parti national corporatif républicain".

After Coty's death, it was commanded by Major Jean Renaud, members dressed in blue shirts, black berets and jackboots and shouted the slogan "France for the French".

The movement claimed a strength of 180,000 in 1934, with 80,000 in Paris, but the Paris police thought the number in the city to be closer to 15,000. The small membership did not, however, isolate the group since itfound itself integrated in the loose coalition of far-right movements that included Charles Maurras's Action Française and Pierre Taittinger's Jeunesse Patriotes.

The group gained notoriety during the rally, which later became a riot, during the 6 February 1934 crisis in front of the Palais Bourbon. The group was dissolved by a law adopted by the Popular Front government of Léon Blum in June 1936. Many members of Solidarité Française subsequently joined Jacques Doriot's fascist Parti populaire français (PPF).

See also
6 February 1934 crisis

References

1933 establishments in France
1936 disestablishments in France
French far right leagues
Clothing in politics

Solidarité Française


Citrus College is a public community college in Glendora, California. The Citrus Community College District, which supports the institution, includes the communities of Azusa, Claremont, Duarte, Glendora and Monrovia. Founded in 1915 by educator Floyd S. Hayden, Citrus College is the oldest community college in Los Angeles County, California, and the fifth oldest in the state of California. Until 1961, the school was operated by the Citrus Union High School District and served the local area as both a high school and a junior college.

During the 2019-2020 academic year, Citrus College enrolled 19,626 students. It conferred 2,444 degrees and awarded 2,175 certificates. 531 students graduated with honors (GPAs of 3.3 to 4.0). Citrus College currently offers 65 associate degrees, 88 certificates and skill awards in career technical education programs, and 29 associate degrees for transfer (ADTs). Its operating budget for 2020-2021 is $78 million.

Campus

Citrus College has a 104-acre (42 ha) campus that includes 44 buildings and seven outdoor athletics facilities.

The Haugh Performing Arts Center (HPAC) is a 1,440-seat proscenium venue and is host to over 140 performances annually, with over 100,000 patrons in attendance. Seats are no more than  from the stage.

The campus also holds a larger herbarium.

The campus is also served by a nearby rail station for the Metro A Line as of March 5, 2016.

Athletics
The college's athletic teams are known as the Owls. The college currently fields eight men's and eight women's varsity teams. It competes as a member of the California Community College Athletic Association (CCCAA) in the Western State Conference (WSC) for all sports except football, which competes in Southern California Football Association (SCFA). The football and soccer team play at the 10,000-seat-capacity Citrus Stadium.

Academics
The college runs the Citrus Singers program. This program, started in the 1960s, has provided a foundation for students to learn music and perform. Many of its alumni have gone on to be performers on Broadway and Television.

Accreditation
The college has accreditation from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges (WASC). Its professional memberships include the American Association of Community Colleges (AACC) and the Community College League of California (CCLC).

Notable faculty
 John Boylan, Professor of Critical Listening Skills, and Music Business/Audio Careers
 Dale Salwak, Professor of English. Author of numerous books, including Teaching Life, a memoir of over 35 years of teaching.

Notable alumni
 Carlos Fisher, baseball, Cincinnati Reds pitcher
 Chris Limahelu, football, USC Trojans
 Lionel Manuel, former New York Giants wide receiver who played seven seasons in the NFL, grew up in Rancho Cucamonga.

Free speech lawsuits
In 2003, at California's Citrus College, under the pressure of litigation and FIRE's national campaign for campus constitutional rights, the Board of Trustees voted to rescind most of the speech codes at the public institution. This was the first victory in FIRE's declared war on speech codes at public colleges and universities.

The following year, Citrus College was sued again by FIRE when Citrus College reinstated its policy in the early 2010s, when a Young Americans for Liberty chapter, led by Gabriel Nadales and Vincenzo Sinapi-Riddle, was threatened with sanctions for not staying inside the "Free Speech Zone." In an interview to the San Gabriel Valley Tribune, Greg Lukianoff, the president of Foundation for Individual Rights in Education, said, "'Citrus College agreed to eliminate its restrictive 'free speech zone' in the face of a FIRE lawsuit back in 2003, but later reinstated its speech quarantine when it thought no one was watching'...'But FIRE was watching, and we'll continue to do so. If the speech codes come back again, so will we.'"

References

External links
 Official website
 Official athletics website

California Community Colleges
Glendora, California
Universities and colleges established in 1915
Schools accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges
Universities and colleges in Los Angeles County, California
1915 establishments in California

Citrus College


إقليم التّفّاح هي منطقة لبنانيّة عبارة عن مرتفعات تقع في الجنوب اللبناني، شهدت في تاريخها عدّة محطّات، حيث كانت مسرحاً لبعض المواجهات الداخليّة أثناء الحرب الأهلية اللبنانية.

قرى إقليم التفاح
يضم إقليم التفاح عدداً من القرى اللبنانية الجنوبية وهي:
 عربصاليم
 جباع
 جرجوع
 عين قانا
 عين بوسوار
 حومين التحتا
 حومين الفوقا
 رومين
 صربا
 مليتا
 كفرفيلا
 عزة
عنقون
عرب طبايا
زيتا
مغدوشة
كفرحتى
كفرملكي
كفربيت

وصلات خارجية
موقع اتحاد بلديات اقليم التفاح على الانترنت

المراجع

قرى جبل عامل

إقليم التفاح


Exercițiu de admirație este un film românesc din 1992 regizat de Constantin Chelba. În film apar scriitorii Emil Cioran și Petre Țuțea, precum și Aurel Cioran, fratele lui Emil Cioran.

Prezentare

Distribuție
Distribuția filmului este alcătuită din:

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1992 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1992
Filme documentare românești

Exercițiu de admirație


Neobična zubić vila, argentinsko-španjolski film.

Maštovita i neočekivana verzija priče o Zubić vili.
Lucija je zaigrano dijete koje u maloj kućnoj nezgodi izgubi mliječni zub. Tata Santiago, nezaposleni kuhar, i mama Pilar, uspješna arhitektica, tješe je pričom da će Zubić vila doći po noći i zamijeniti zub za novčić. Ali niti oni ne znaju da je znak za uzbunu već dan. Mali miš koji je uočio situaciju javio je drugom mišu koji je javio sljedećem koji je javio sljedećem i tako sve do Pereza, koji bi trebao doći po Lucijin zub. Ali ono što je trebao biti rutinski posao pokazat će se opasnim kada Perez i njegov brod bivaju oteti. Ali Lucija kreće u akciju spašavanja...

Uloge

Ostali glasovi:
 Marinko Prga
 Helena Buljan
 Nada Abrus
 Žarko Savić
 Dražen Bratulić
 Robert Ugrina
 Mima Karaula
 Magdalena Mihovec
 Mateja Mihovec
 Slavica Knežević
 Jasna Palić-Picukarić
 Ranko Tihomirović
 Jadranka Krajina
 Vanja Kosta
 Mislav Smolčić
 Marta Juričić
 Ivan Mihovec
 Ambrozije Puškarić

 Prijevod i adaptacija: Ivanka Aničić
 Režija dijaloga: Ivana Vlkov Wagner
 Tonska sinkronizacija: AVC studio
 Asistentica postprodukcije: Žana Lončarić
 Tonski snimatelj: Damir Keliš
 Re-recording mixer: Bojan Kondres
 Dolby Digital mastering: GAMA studio
 Obrada i produkcija: Duplicato Media d.o.o.

Vanjske poveznice

Neobična zubić vila (El ratón Pérez _ The Hairy Tooth Fairy, 2006), MojTV

El Ratón Pérez / The Hairy Tooth Fairy (2008.), Filmski.net

Animirani filmovi

Argentinska umjetnost

Španjolski filmovi

Neobična zubić vila


وادي الفضة إحدى بلديات ولاية الشلف الجزائرية.تقدر مساحة البلدية بـ: . يبلغ عدد سكان بلدية وادي الفضة  حسب التعداد 2001/ 2002

تسمية

المقولة الأولى
وادي الفضة يعني وجود صخور من مادة الفضة، حيث كان يستعملها الأهالي للغسيل عليها في وسط الوادي، ولما جاء المستعمر الفرنسي تم نزع صخور الفضة.

المقولة الثانية
الواد الفايض ما يعني أن مياه الواد كانت تفيض وتعمر جميع أراضي سهل الشلف.
- يوجد مقام الشيخ عمر، هذا المقام استقر فيه بوادي الفضة منذ حوالي ثمانية قرون، وهو ينحدر من سلالة الشيخ سيدي أحمد بن عبد الله (حاليا ما يعرف بالبساكرة بلدية أم الدروع).

القرى والمداشر التابعة

مجمعات ثانوية منها:*بئر الصفصاف،
 الزبابجة،
 السقاسيق
 الدحأمنية،
 أولاد بن عربية،
 حي البرتقال،
 كوان،
 الزمول
 برج الواد،
 المجامعية

تاريخ

قدوم الاستعمار

 في الفترة ما بين 1840 و1875 كان مجيء القوافل الأولى للمستعمر الفرنسي حيث بدأ هؤلاء المستعمرين (منهم الفرنسيين والأسبان والألمان) الاستقرار بالمكان المسمى «الجسر الأسود» (المخرج الشرقي لوادي الفضة) وبعدها كان مجيء قوافل أخرى وتم بعدها إنشاء فرع إداري.
 لقد قامت الفرنسية «مارغريت» بتفاوض مع عائلة «قدور» من واد سلي حيث تخلت السلطات الاستعمارية عن أرض مساحتها  لفائدة هذه العائلة (جنوب واد الشلف) بسعر رمزي ـ 1 فرنك فرنسي للهكتار ـ.
 وفي عام 1911 بدأت الأعمال الخاصة بالسكك الحديدية التي تطلب خلالها تحويل مجرى وادي الفضة إلى ما هو عليه حاليا، لأنه كان متفرعا إلى فرعين الأول بالاتجاه الحالي والثاني يمر بحي بلحمري، وكان يغمر السكة الحديدية الحالية بحيث أن فرعي الوادي كانا يلتقيان بالمكان المسمى «اليسرية».
 في عام 1933 ظهرت للوجود بلدية وادي الفضة وعلى رأسها المستعمر «كوفمان» حاكم المنطقة في نفس السنة شرع في بناء سد وادي الفضة قبل 1954.

أهم السياسيين الذين زاروا المنطقة: بن بلة، مصالي الحاج، فرحات عباس.

أهم الأحداث بالمنطقة خلال الثورة التحريرية
 1956: بداية العمل المسلح الفعلي.
 1958: شهدت المنطقة زيارة الجنرال ديغول لمنطقة بني راشد ووادي الفضة.
 8 سبتمبر 1960 معركة الزبابجة

كما حدثت في المنطقة معارك مشهورة كمعركة تمولقة وبوسبسي إضافة إلى النشاط الفدائي بالمنطقة.

الإدارة

الإقتصاد

الفلاحة
إن قطاع الفلاحة يعتبر البارومتر الذي تقاس به كل التنمية، وبلدية وادي الفضة تطمح كمثيلاتها أن تكون الفلاحة هي القلب النابض حيث تمثل 86 بالمائة من المساحة الإجمالية للبلدية، بحيث أن المساحة الكلية للبلدية هي  من بينها  تابعة لقطاع الفلاحة كما تمثل المساحة المستعملة حوالي  من المساحة الفلاحية للبلدية بنسبة 78 بالمائة وتميزها المنتوجات التالية: القمح، الشعير، علف الحيوانات، البطاطا، الجزر، واللفت (وكل أنواع الخضر..) الأشجار، حوامض، زيتون..إلخ.
ودون إعفاء التربية الحيوانية وتربية النحل وناهيك أيضا قطاع الغابات المقدر بـ: 350 هكتار.

آثار

في عام 2018 أكتشف موقع اثري يعود للحقبة الرومانية وبالضبط القرن3 م بدوار السقاسيق ومن المحتمل أن يكون الموقع ورشة لصناعة الفخار إذ أنقذ فريق بحث خاص جرتين كبيرتين وطاقم نقدي قام بعض المواطنين بالتبليغ عنه

المواصلات

 الطريق الوطني رقم 04
 الطريق السيار شرق غرب
 محطة قطار خط وهران -الجزائر
 الطريق الولائي رقم 123

رياضة

معرض صور

وصلات أخرى

وصلات داخلية
 الزبابجة

وصلات خارجية

المراجع

وادي الفضة

وادي الفضة


La Noire de…  es una película del director senegalés Ousmane Sembène, realizada en 1966 y por la cual su director recibió el Premio Jean Vigo en el mismo año. Está basada en el cuento del mismo nombre, escrito por el propio Sembène, e incluido en la antología Voltaïque publicada en Francia en 1961. El filme es reconocido como el primero hecho en la África subsahariana por un creador de la región.

Sinopsis
En Dakar, Diouana, analfabeta, es contratada por una pareja de blancos burgueses. Está encargada de ocuparse de los niños, una responsabilidad prestigiosa para sus conciudadanos. Por petición de sus patrones, acepta acompañarlos a Antibes, en la Costa Azul de Francia, para las vacaciones. Pero en Francia, las cosas cambian. Diouana se ve en la obligación de realizar todas las tareas domésticas, reducida así a la servidumbre sin ningún día de descanso y privada del derecho de ver a los niños...

Como única solución para liberarse, Diouana hace su maleta y se suicida cortándose las venas con una navaja dentro de la bañera de sus empleadores. El jefe de la familia decide entonces regresar a Dakar con las pertenencias de la chica para entregarlas a su familia junto con el dinero que nunca le pagaron. La madre rechaza el dinero y el hombre se aleja perseguido por un pequeño que cubre su rostro con la máscara de madera que Diouana había regalado a su patrona el primer día de trabajo.

La película y el cuento
Una de las principales diferencias entre la versión escrita y la audiovisual de La noire de... es su estructura. Mientras que en el cuento descubrimos el suicidio de Diouana desde las primeras páginas, en la versión cinematográfica este suceso se devela en los últimos minutos. Lo que comparten ambas versiones, sin embargo, es el intercalar presente y pasado, haciendo que la historia se mueva entre Senegal y Francia en todo momento.

Otra diferencia es el año en el que se ubica la historia en cada caso. En el cuento, la primera línea revela que estamos en "la mañana del 23 de junio del año de gracia de mil novecientos cincuenta y ocho", lo que significa que Senegal seguía siendo colonia francesa. Por su parte, la película, aunque no especifica el año en que ocurren los hechos, sí aclara que se trata después de la Independencia de Senegal que data de 1960, esto a través de los diálogos que sostienen en su casa de Antibes los patrones de Diouana y sus amistades.

En ambas versiones permanecen varios elementos, a saber:

 El analfabetismo de Diouana.
 La comprensión básica del francés que tiene la protagonista, que la hace responder con frases cortas y una pronunciación distorsionada del idioma ("Viye, Missié" en lugar de "Oui, Monsieur").
 El diálogo interno de Diouna que, hacia el final, hace saber que está arrepentida de viajar a Francia.
 El cambio de responsabilidades que tiene Diouna en Dakar (cuidar a los niños) y las nuevas tareas que enfrenta en Antibes (cocinar, limpiar, hacer compras, etcétera).
 El racismo al que se enfrenta en Francia de parte de sus patrones y de las amistades de estos.
 El suicidio como acto de rebelión y no como sinónimo de rendición.
 El aislamiento en Antibes al que someten a la mujer senegalesa sus patrones franceses.

Premios y reconocimientos

 Premio Cartago, 1966
 Premio Jean Vigo, 1966

La película es reconocida como la primera hecha por un africano en la región de África subsahariana. Aunque antes de 1966 Egipto y Túnez ya contaban con filmes hechos por cineastas locales, el éxito ante la crítica de La noire de... en ocasiones hace olvidar este detalle y se le considera como la primera película africana. En cualquier caso, su director recibe el título de "padre del cine africano" en gran parte gracias a esta película.

Por su estilo y el contexto de su estreno, la película es considerada como parte de la oleada de movimientos que refrescaron la escena cinematográfica, liderada por la Nueva Ola francesa.

El historiador del cine Georges Sadoul dijo de esta cinta que era el primer largometraje "negro" de verdadero valor desde la invención del cine, elogiando además su honestidad.

Referencias

Véase también
suicidio

Películas rodadas en Senegal
Películas ambientadas en Senegal

La Noire de…


Friedl est un prénom et un patronyme.

Patronyme

 Claudia Friedl (1960-), une personnalité politique suisse ;
 Leoš Friedl (1977-), un joueur de tennis tchèque ;
 Loni von Friedl, une actrice autrichienne ;
 Marco Friedl (1998-), un footballeur autrichien ;
 Peter Friedl (1960-), un artiste conceptuel autrichien.

Prénom

Friedl


هوانغ زيان فان (13نوفمبر 1899م - 18 يناير 1982م)(المبسطة الصينية:黄现璠 البينيين :Huáng Xiàn Fán) ولد في قوانغشي الصين. مؤرخ صيني. اهتمّ بموضوعات كثيرة دون أن يستقصيها إذ أن فضوله الفكري كان يحمله على الانتقال من موضوع إلى موضوع بسرعة شديدة.

دراسته وعمله
تخرج من جامعة بكين في العام 1932. بعد حصوله على درجة ماجستير في تاريخ عام 1935 منها، وأصبح باحثًا في جامعة طوكيو عام 1936 و1937. واصبح أستاذًا لتاريخ علم الإنسان في جامعة صن يات سين عام 1941. وعمل في جامعة قوانغشي بين العامين 1953 و1982. توفي في شهر يناير مِن سنة 1982 في قوانغشي الصين.

حياته المهنية
عاد هوانغ زيان فان في نوفمبر عام 1937 إلى الصين لتدريس التاريخ كأستاذ في جامعة سون يات سين في مقاطعة قوانغشي وفي جامعة قوانغشي العادية في مدينة غويلين. كرس هوانغ زيان فان نفسه لدراسة الأنثروبولوجيا والفولكلور الصينيين. كان هوانغ أول أستاذ جامعي ينتمي لعرق التشوانغ في الصين وأول أستاذ جامعي لمدينة شانغزو. عُيِّنَ هوانغ خلال مسيرته الأكاديمية كباحث في معهد قوانغشي التعليمي حيث تولى عمادة القسم الصيني وأمانة جامعة قوانغشي. عمل كذلك مديرًا للمكتبات في جامعة قوانغشي العادية.

انتُخِب البروفيسور هوانغ زيان فان مديرًا لجمعية الشعب الصيني التي تعمل على إنشاء صداقات مع الدول الأجنبية في مجلسها الأول بعد تأسيس جمهورية الصين الشعبية في عام 1949. كان هوانغ الممثل الوحيد من الدوائر الثقافية والتعليمية في قوانغشي. انتُخِبه بعد عام 1954 ممثلاً لأول مؤتمر وطني لنواب الشعب وأحد أعضاء لجنة الشؤون العرقية التابعة للمجلس الوطني لنواب الشعب الصيني وأمين لجنة العلاقات الثقافية الدولية التابعة للحزب الشيوعي الصيني. في الوقت نفسه، انتُخِب هوانغ أيضًا كنائب من الحكومة الشعبية لمنطقة جويكسي ذاتية الحكم التي يقطنها شعب التشوانغ، كما انتُخِب عضوًا في مجلس مقاطعة قوانغشي.

عارض هوانغ خلال «حملة المائة وردة» سياسة التعليم للحزب الشيوعي، وذلك في الأعوام 1956-1957، ولكن تغير المناخ بعد ذلك فجأةً مع ظهور الحركة المناهضة لليمين. وقف هوانغ في عام 1957 ورأسه منحني أمام جمعيات لا حصر لها للاعتراف بجرائمه ضد الشعب. هاجمته مئات المقالات كتبت العديد منها من قبل زملائه وبعضها كان تدليسًا قاسيًا. اتُّخِذ في 1 فبراير من عام 1958 قرار في الدورة الخامسة للمجلس الوطني الأول لنواب الشعب بإزالة عضوية السيد فاي زياو تونغ وهوانغ زيان فان وأو باي تشوان من لجنة الشؤون العرقية التابعة للمجلس الوطني لنواب الشعب الصيني. صُنِّف هوانغ خطأً ضمن اليمينين الخمسة الكبار (هوانغ زيان فان وزيانغ دا ولي هاي سونغ ووانغ تشونغ مين وتشن مينغتسيا) وأصبح أكبر يميني في التاريخ الصيني. تعرّض هوانغ بعد اندلاع الثورة الثقافية للتعنيف الجسدي والإساءة والتعذيب من قبل الحرس الأحمر وأُجبِر على تنظيف المراحيض. أصبح هوانغ باحثًا علميًا منبوذًا ومعزولًا وغير قادر على النشر.

قامت الحكومة الصينية في عام 1979 بتصحيح كل الهويات الخاطئة لكل من سُمِّي يميني برجوازي، ليُعيَّن بعد ذلك البروفيسور هوانغ زيان فان كمستشار للرابطة العرقية الصينية ومحرر عرقي لموسوعة الصين ومستشار لمعهد يعمل على دراسات حول الأقليات الجنوبية الغربية الصينية ونائب رئيس معهد دراسات تاريخ شعب البايوي الصيني. انتُخب في وقت لاحق كعضو في لجنة المجلس الخامس للمؤتمر الاستشاري السياسي للشعب الصيني، ليساعد الحكومة الصينية خلال هذه الفترة في تصحيح الكثير من القضايا السياسية الخاطئة.

عمل هوانغ زيان فان خلال حياته في العديد من الجامعات وقام بتدريس الكثير من الطلاب. أسس في سنوات حياته الأخيرة كلية لي جيانغ وعمل رئيسًا لهذه الكلية. استضافت جامعة قوانغشي العادية في نوفمبر عام 1999 منتدى كبير بمناسبة عيد ميلاد البروفسور هوانغ زيان فان. حررت الجامعة بعد المنتدى ونشرت كتابين هما: أطروحة حول ذكرى مرور مائة عام على الأستاذ هوانغ زيان فان وكتاب مقدمة للكتب الصينية القديمة كتبه الأستاذ هوانغ زيان فان. قامت الآن جامعة قوانغشي العادية ومدرسة غويلين العليا بتأسيس منح دراسية في ذكرى الأستاذ هوانغ زيان فان.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 Bagui_School قوانغشي مدرسة
 زهوانغ دراسته
 هوانغ مدرسة

أشخاص من شانغزو
أعضاء مجلس الشعب الصيني
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة سون يات سين
تشوانغ
خريجو جامعة طوكيو
شخصيات تاريخية
صينيون في القرن 20
ضحايا الثورة الثقافية
علماء أنثروبولوجيا صينيون
علماء أنثروبولوجيا في القرن 20
علماء إنسان
علماء صينيات صينيون
علماء من قوانغشي
عاملون صينيون في التراث الشعبي
معلمون من قوانغشي
مواليد 1899
مؤرخو القرن 20
مؤرخون
مؤرخون صينيون في القرن 20
مؤرخون من قوانغشي
وفيات 1982

هوانغ زيان فان


La  est l'une des quinze circonscriptions législatives que compte la préfecture de Saitama au Japon. Cette circonscription comptait  électeurs en date du .

Description géographique

La onzième circonscription de la préfecture de Saitama comprend la totalité des villes de Chichibu, Honjō et Fukaya, l'extrémité sud-ouest de Kumagaya et les districts de Chichibu, Kodama et Ōsato.

Députés

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Chambre des représentants du Japon

Circonscription législative au Japon

Onzième circonscription de la préfecture de Saitama


The Black Waltz četvrti je studijski album finskog melodičnog death metal sastava Kalmah. Album je 22. veljače 2006. godine objavila diskografska kuća Spikefarm Records.

O albumu
Ovo je prvi album sastava na kojem je klavijature svirao Marco Sneck. Na albumu se grupa približuje i žanru thrash metala, koji se navodi kao glavni glazbeni utjecaj braće Kokko. U usporedbi s višim growlovima na prethodnim uradcima sastava, vokali na The Black Waltzu izmijenjeni su u dublje, death vokale.

Ime instrumentala "Svieri Doroga" kombinacija je naziva prvog demouratka Svieri obraza i skladbe na tom demu pod nazivom "Vezi doroga". Ime naslovne skladbe i albuma potječe od pjesme koja je izvorno bila snimljena deset godina prije, kada se grupa još nazivala "Ancestor". Tim je pjesmama zajedničko samo ime te nisu povezane ni na koji drugi način.

Glazbeni spot za pjesmu "The Groan of Wind" prikazuje članove sastava kako sviraju unutar špilje, kao i izmjenjujuće snimke dječaka i djevojčice koji trče od svojih opsjednutih članova obitelji. Kasnije ih spašava unakaženi starac, Swamplord (Gospodar močvare odnosno Odin), čija se slika nalazi na naslovnici albuma.

Popis pjesama

Zasluge

Kalmah
Pekka Kokko – vokali, gitara
Antti Kokko – gitara
Marco Sneck – klavijature
Lede – bas-gitara
Janne Kusmin – bubnjevi

Ostalo osoblje
Ahti Kortelainen – snimanje, miksanje
Mika Jussila – mastering
Vesa Ranta – naslovnica, omot albuma, fotografija

Izvori

Albumi iz 2006.
Albumi sastava Kalmah

The Black Waltz


Liselotte Madsen er en dansk skatteretsekspert og professor i skatteret ved Juridisk Institut på Aalborg Universitet. Siden 2022 har hun været prodekan for uddannelse ved Det Juridiske Fakultet ved Københavns Universitet.

Uddannelse
Liselotte Madsen blev i 1995 cand.merc.jur. fra Aalborg Universitet. I 2010 blev hun cand.jur. fra Aarhus Universitet. I 2003 opnåede hun sin ph.d.-grad fra Handelshøjskolen i Aarhus.

Karriere
Liselotte Madsen blev i 2013 ansat som professor MSO og fra 2021 som professor i skatteret ved Juridisk Institut ved Aalborg Universitet. Madsen har desuden været studienævnsforperson, Det Juridiske Studienævn, Aalborg Universitet 2016-2020 samt 2021-2021. I 2016 blev hun studieleder, Juridisk Institut, Aalborg Universitet og i 2019 viceinstitutleder, Juridisk Institut, Aalborg Universitet. Den 1. september 2022 blev hun ansat som prodekan for uddannelse ved Det Juridiske Fakultet ved Københavns Universitet.

I sin forskning beskæftiger hun sig hovedsageligt med skatteretlige emner, og hun er aktiv i skatteretlige organisationer og netværk, herunder repræsentantskabet for Dansk Skattevidenskabelig Forening. Hun er medlem af  Dansk Forening for EU-skatteret og Dansk-svensk Skattenetværk. Hun er desuden udpeget af skatteministeren til Nordisk Skattevidenskabelig Forskningsråd (NSFR) og optaget som medlem af European Association of Tax Law Professors (EATLP).

Liselotte Madsen har i løbet af sin karriere publiceret adskillige videnskabelige artikler inden for en bred kam af skatteretlige problemstillinger. Eksempelvis beskatning af lønmodtagere, virksomheder, selskaber og internationale forhold. Hun har ligeledes udgivet flere bøger, heraf også lærebøger. Madsen er dansk redaktør på tidsskriftet Nordic Tax Journal

Kilder

Skatter
Forskere
Professorer fra Aalborg Universitet
Ansatte ved Aalborg Universitet
Alumni fra Aalborg Universitet

Liselotte Madsen


34666 Bohyunsan este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
34666 Bohyunsan este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Bohyunsan de Young-Beom Jeon și Byung-Chol Lee. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 3,17 ua, o excentricitate de 0,15 și o înclinație de 0,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 34001-35000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2000
Centura de asteroizi

34666 Bohyunsan


Păunul verde (Pavo muticus) (din latinescul Pavo, păun; muticus, mut) este o specie de păun care se găsește în pădurile tropicale din Asia de Sud-Est. Este cunoscut și sub denumirea de păun de Java, dar acest termen este folosit în mod corespunzător pentru a descrie subspecia  endemică insulei Java din Indonezia. Este cea mai apropiată rudă a Pavo cristatus, păunul indian (sau albastru), care se găsește mai ales pe subcontinentul indian.

Vezi și

 Păunul asiatic
 Păunul de Congo

Note

Legături externe

 Imagini și filme arhive ale Pavo muticus
 Păun verde din Thailanda
 Păun verde (Pavo muticus) la gbwf.org

Phasianidae
Păsări heraldice
Specii amenințate moderat
Păsări descrise în 1766
Taxoni clasificați de Carl Linnaeus

Păun verde


Andrea Lindholz (nascida a 25 de setembro de 1970) é uma advogada e política alemã da União Social Cristã (CSU) que serve como membro do Bundestag pelo estado da Baviera desde 2013. Ela representa o círculo eleitoral de Aschaffenburg.

Carreira política
Lindholz tornou-se membro do Bundestag na eleição federal alemã de 2013. Ela é membro da Comissão de Assuntos Internos.

Desde 2021 Lindholz serve como vice-presidente do seu grupo parlamentar, sob a liderança do presidente Ralph Brinkhaus. Nesta qualidade, ela supervisiona as actividades legislativas do grupo em assuntos internos e jurídicos.

Outras actividades
 Fundação Memorial aos Judeus Mortos da Europa, Membro do Conselho de Curadores
 Technisches Hilfswerk (Agência Federal de Assistência Técnica), Vice-Presidente da Associação Federal
 Fundação "Lembrança, Responsabilidade e Futuro" (EVZ), Membro Adjunto do Conselho de Curadores
 Fundação Federal para a Reavaliação da Ditadura SED, Membro Suplente do Conselho Curador

Posições políticas
Em junho de 2017 Lindholz votou contra a introdução do casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo na Alemanha.

Ligações externas

Membros da União Social-Cristã
Membros do Bundestag 2013-2017
Membros do Bundestag 2017-2021
Membros do Bundestag 2021-2025
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1970
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Mulheres)

Andrea Lindholz


Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (* 1788; † 2. August 1882 in Stuttgart) war ein deutscher Porträtmaler.

Leben
Stirnbrand wurde vermutlich im Jahr 1788 in Kroatien geboren und als Dreijähriger von einem kroatischen Soldaten namens Flam in die Obhut des Landgerichtsverwalters und Rentamtmann Johann Baptist Röser gegeben, der in Zellhof bei Linz lebte. Flam berichtete, dass das Kind mit einem kroatischen Dialekt gesprochen habe und von einer Soldatenmutter stamme, die nicht für das Kind sorgen könne. Er nahm in Enns ersten Malunterricht beim württembergischen Maler Philipp Friedrich von Hetsch.

1805 wurde er Lehrling bei einem Zimmermaler in Linz. Hier konnte er eine Sonntagszeichenschule besuchen. Stirnbrand war auch Schüler von Anton Hitzenthaler.

Nach verschiedenen Stationen, wie Frankfurt am Main, kam er nach Stuttgart. Als Porträtmaler erwarb er dabei soviel, dass er 1816 eine Reise in seine österreichische Heimat machen konnte. Unterwegs malte er, blieb einen Winter in Linz und ließ sich nach vorübergehendem Aufenthalt in Karlsruhe erneut in Stuttgart nieder. Hier fand er jetzt in Wilhelmine, der Gemahlin von Wilhelm Friedrich Philipp von Württemberg eine treue Gönnerin. Auch deren Söhne, der Dichter und Graf Alexander, Graf Wilhelm, der spätere Herzog von Urach, sowie Wilhelmines Schwiegersohn, Graf Wilhelm von Taubenheim, beehrten ihn zeitlebens mit ihrer Freundschaft und mit Aufträgen. Als Porträtist erhielt er zahlreiche Aufträge aus dem königlichen Haus, wo er auch König Wilhelm I. häufig verewigte. Auch aus Adelsfamilien, aus Theaterkreisen und der höheren Beamtenschaft erhielt er Aufträge.

Namensfindung
Franz Seraph erhielt seinen Nachnamen von einer Brandwunde auf seiner Stirn, die er sich als Knabe im Hause seines Pflegevaters in Zellhof bei Linz zuzog. Seinen Vornamen erhielt er nach dem Tag seiner Taufe, 2. April 1808.

Literatur
 Emele, Roswitha: Porträtmaler Franz Seraph Stirnbrand (um 1788 - 1882). Leben und Werk. Ein Beitrag zur Kunstgeschichte von Württemberg und Baden. Petersberg: Imhof, 2022. ISBN 978-3-7319-1145-6

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Maler (Deutschland)
Maler des Biedermeiers
Porträtmaler
Person (Stuttgart)
Künstler (Württemberg)
Geboren im 18. Jahrhundert
Gestorben 1882
Mann

Franz Seraph Stirnbrand


An Pitcairnia pungens in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carl Sigismund Kunth. An Pitcairnia pungens in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pitcairnia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae.

Subspecies

Ini nga species ginbahin ha masunod nga subspecies:

 P. p. flava
 P. p. pungens

Mga kasarigan

Pitcairnia

Pitcairnia pungens


El cotinga de Remsen (Doliornis remseni), también denominado cotinga buchicastaña (en Colombia) o cotinga de vientre castaño, es una especie de ave paseriforme de la familia Cotingidae, una de las dos pertenecientes al género Doliornis. Es nativo de los Andes del noroeste de América del Sur.

Distribución y hábitat
Se distribuye en los Andes centrales de Colombia (Quindío), en los Andes orientales de Ecuador (sureste de Carchi hasta Zamora-Chinchipe) y en el extremo norte de Perú.

Su hábitat natural son los densos enmarañados en ecotonos entre bosques montanos y páramos entre 2875 y 3650  de altitud.

Descripción
Mide 21 cm de longitud y pesa 65 g. Presenta corona y zona loreal negra, con una cresta semioculta roja a anaranjada en el centro de la corona; el plumaje de las partes superiores es gris negruzco, con los bordes de las alas fuscos; mejillas, mentón, cuello y garganta gris oscuro; parte superior del pecho gris; parte inferior del pecho, vientre y crísum rufo rojizo. Iris castaño oscuro; patas y pico negros.

Estado de conservación
El cotinga de Remsen ha sido calificado como amenazado de extinción en grado vulnerable por la Unión Internacional para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (IUCN) debido a que su pequeña población total, estimada entre 3500 y 15 000 individuos se considera decadente debido a la pérdida de hábitat y su degradación.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Ficha de la especie Doliornis remseni  en Birdlife International.
 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Doliornis remseni en The Internet Bird Collection.
 Sonidos y mapa de distribución de Doliornis remseni en xeno-canto.

remseni
Aves de los Andes
Animales descritos en 1994
Taxones descritos por Mark B. Robbins

Doliornis remseni


Atsushi Yanagisawa (født 27. maj 1977) er en japansk fodboldspiller.

Japans fodboldlandshold

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|1999||4||0
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|2000||10||4
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|2001||6||5
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|2002||9||0
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|2003||5||2
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|2004||8||2
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|2005||10||4
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|2006||4||0
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!Total||58||17
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Eksterne henvisninger

Japan National Football Team Database

Fodboldspillere fra Japan
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 2002
Deltagere ved verdensmesterskabet i fodbold 2006

Atsushi Yanagisawa


Marco Faustini  (Venecia, 17 de mayo de 1606 – 7 de enero de 1676), fue un empresario teatral italiano del  dedicado a la ópera, hermano del libretista Giovanni Faustini. Su actividad empresarial se desarrolló en los teatros musicales más importantes de la época de Venecia (Italia), donde contó con la colaboración de los grandes compositores y libretistas del momento.

Aunque hasta hace poco tiempo se pensaba que su carrera como empresario empezó con la muerte de su hermano Giovanni Faustini, esto no responde a la realidad: las documentaciones acreditan que comenzó su carrera como empresario en el verano de 1651 (o incluso antes), en el Teatro Sant Apollinare de Venecia.

Además de estar presente en San Apollinare (1651 – 1657); este contratista italiano se encuentra también en otros teatros: Teatro San Cassiano (1657 – 1660), Teatro Santi Giovanni e Paolo (1660 – 1668), probablemente este último con un descanso entre 1663 y 1665.

Marco Faustini trabajó con los más importantes compositores de la época (Francesco Cavalli, Pietro Andrea Ziani, Antonio Cesti) y fue capaz de atraer a algunos de los cantantes más importantes de Italia, incluyendo a Anna Renzi, Antonia Coresi y Vienza Giulia Masotti. Además, este empresario produjo nuevos libretos de Aurelio Aureli, Francesco Piccoli, Nicolò Minato, Beregan, P. A. Zaguri y Cristoforo Ivanovich, así como varios trabajos sin terminar de su hermano Giovanni Faustini.

Empresario
Heredó de su hermano cinco libretos sin concluir debido a su muerte prematura con tan solo 36 años de edad el 19 de diciembre de 1651, cuando estaba preparando la segunda temporada de ópera de este teatro ya que la primera había sido un éxito, Marco Faustini adquirió la dirección del teatro. Al año siguiente, arrendó la sala durante dos temporadas, para luego volver pero con muchas dificultades entre 1654 y 1657.

Los libretos inéditos que Giovanni Faustini había dejado a su muerte representaron una valiosa propiedad para su hermano, un novel empresario que empezó a realizar este trabajo a mediados del , una época de intensa competencia en el mundo teatral. Con estos textos heredados pudo tener un stock comercial con el material suficiente para varias temporadas, espacio de tiempo en el cual pudo comenzar la puesta en marcha de libretos por su propia cuenta. Existen evidencias de que sus motivos eran económicos y emocionales, y que su carrera de empresario era esencialmente una forma de promover la reputación de su hermano. Parte de su estrategia fue la elaboración de una imagen de "poeta frenético" que su hermano Giovanni había iniciado.

El legado de Giovanni también fue un beneficio para la impresión de sus libretos póstumos. Probablemente eran los que estaban a ganancias de las ventas, ya que el autor no vivía. Fue también su interés de mantener vivo el mito de Faustini, para conectar la obra póstuma a través de una imagen romántica del genio llevado al éxito pasado de Faustini. Sin duda, estas fueron las razones por las cuales invocó, en vida, toda la lista de óperas de su hermano, con el título y número en las publicaciones póstumas.
Como resultado, las obras de Giovanni Faustini sobrevivieron más allá de la expectativa normal de los libretos del momento, que una vez utilizados se consideraban viejos.

Entre los papeles de Faustini (en la Scuola Grande di San Marco), incluyendo las cartas de los cantantes, libros de cuentas y contratos, representan el repositorio de información más completa sobre la producción de la ópera veneciana de la época.

Faustini en San Apollinare (1651 – 1657)
Cuando su hermano murió, adquirió de forma arrendada el teatro durante diez años como se desprende de la redacción de su contrato del 25 de octubre de 1655, que era de a partir de junio del año siguiente. Las condiciones de alquiler fueron para cumplir con el contrato de arrendamiento hecho por su hermano Giovanni Faustini el 19 de mayo de 1650. Marco tenía derecho a tan solo la mitad del teatro, siendo la otra mitad de uno de sus propietarios originales: Francesco Ceroni, con quien litigió continuadamente Faustini hasta 1657, cuando abandonó San Apollinare por San Cassiano.

Marco Faustini logró mantener las temporada regular de ópera en San Apollinare durante varios años después de la muerte de Giovanni, produciendo un total de cinco óperas: una sobre un libreto de su hermano y dos de cada uno de los nuevos libretistas con los que trabajaría: Castoreo y Aureli. En cuanto a la música, Francesco Cavalli, que colaboraba regularmente con Giovanni, parece que se resistió a trabajar con Marco, que fue capaz de asegurar sus servicios para solo una de las óperas: Erismena, y tuvo que recurrir a compositores con menos experiencia que los otros: Francesco Lucio, un veterano de un par de temporadas, para Pericle Effeminato (1653) y Pietro Andrea Ziani, un principiante para las otras tres.

A pesar del éxito de Erismena, Marco Faustini evidentemente se encontró en San Apollinare tan incómodo como su hermano. Así se fue al Teatro San Cassiano en 1657 como antes se ha dicho, debido a las luchas costosas con Ceroni, uno de los propietarios, firmando un contrato con los hermanos Tron el 5 de mayo de 1657 para gestionar su teatro durante diez años, un contrato que claramente no cumplió.

Faustini en San Cassiano (1657 – 1660)

Este mismo día del 5 de mayo de 1657, Marco formó una sociedad junto con Corraro, Duodo y Polifilo Zuancarli, quienes habían sido sus socios en San Apollinare para producir ópera. Probablemente San Cassiano habría cumplido las esperanzas de Giovanni de ser un "teatro más majestuoso", como escaparate para sus obras posteriores.

De Antioco (1658- 59) y Elena (1659 – 1660), dos de las tres obras que produjo durante su breve estancia en San Cassiano, Marco fue capaz de asegurar los servicios de Cavalli y Minato, que habían estado colaborando en la Giovanni y Paolo durante las dos temporadas anteriores. Solo el primero de los libretos de Minato era original, sin embargo, Elena fue un arreglo de un trabajo que formaba parte del legado de Giovanni Faustini. Ya que no se había incluido en su lista Oristeo, y puesto que había sobrevivido evidentemente en un estado muy incompleto, Elena fue probablemente uno de los últimos proyectos de Faustini.

Marco Faustini mantuvo el legado de los libretos de Giovanni en la reserva, y después de haber guardado las obras de su hermano de cinco años, es probable que pusiese el boceto de Elena a disposición de Minato, que pudo haber sido demasiado presionado para escribir un texto totalmente nuevo para 1659, después de haber escrito Antioco, en la temporada anterior. En el siguiente año, el Marco itinerante se trasladó una vez más con su compañía, esta vez de forma permanente, hacia el más majestuoso de todos los teatros de Venecia, San Giovanni e Paolo. Allí finalmente trataría de producir el resto de las obras de su hermano.

Faustini en San Giovanni e Paolo (1660 – 1668)

Esta década fue un cambio radical en la estructura política de la ópera, dominada por dos teatros: el Teatro de San Salvatore en San Luca (abierto en 1661) y el gran teatro San Giovanni e Paolo. San Giovanni e Paolo había funcionado continuamente desde su inauguración en 1639 (único teatro que cumple esta característica), y es aquí donde llega Marco Faustini en la década de 1660, donde inició una nueva oleada de actividad, obteniendo como resultado en los doce años sucesivos dos óperas por temporada. En este clima competitivo existente entre San Giovanni y el nuevo San Salvatore, surgió la primera temporada de Marco Faustini en San Giovanni e Paolo.

En 1661 en San Giovanni e Paolo se decidió montar dos óperas, lo que llevó a hacer lo mismo en San Salvatore. En lugar de dividir la temporada en dos partes habituales, con una ópera para cada una, sus dos óperas se plantearon para alternase con regularidad, pero una tuvo que esperar dos semanas más que la otra para producir su estreno. Los esfuerzos por mantener este ritmo de dos óperas por temporada era difícil: negociaciones con cantantes, libretistas y compositores, y todo esto unido a la competencia existente fuera de Venecia.

La competencia de este periodo incrementó el valor demostrado de cada libretista, compositor y cantante. El papel de Faustini fue importante en este ámbito, destacando la delicadeza minuciosa de las negociaciones, donde se vio obligado a comprometerse para obtener los servicios de Cesti y Ziani. El mismo Cesti, no escribiría la primera ópera asociado a Faustini hasta 1666 y además, una vez realizado el contrato, Faustini daría marcha atrás en sus promesas, retirando la contratación de ciertos cantantes. Por otro lado, Ziani había trabajado con bastante regularidad desde 1657 en San Apolinare, fue el más difícil de conseguir. Constantemente le reprochó al empresario veneciano lo difícil que era cobrar sus honorarios. En el caso de Cavalli, aceptaría las condiciones que Faustini le propuso para trabajar juntos pero aceptando trabajar para una ópera y no para dos, debido a la falta de tiempo.

Posteriormente, la frustración de Faustini sería mayor en 1665, cuando Cavalli se encontraba demasiado ocupado en otra ópera para este teatro y a la vez se trasladó a San Salvatore, donde rápidamente compuso dos óperas nuevas: Mutio Scevola (1665) y Pompeo Magno (1666). Esta necesidad de producir dos óperas por temporada contando con limitados libretistas hizo que los empresarios explotasen cualquier texto que cayera en sus manos y eso fue lo que en determinadas temporadas tuvo que hacer Marco. En otras temporadas logró convencer a otros como Counts Zaguri en 1660, Nicolò Beregan en 1661 y Cristoforo Ivanovich en 1663.

En estas condiciones no es de extrañar la necesidad de recurrir al legado de Giovanni Faustini, material que propició un gran rendimiento también en esta década de los 1660. Sin embargo, estos libretos eran cada vez más antiguos y al no evolucionar como lo hizo esta plaza operística, y no es de extrañar que las obras de Faustini tuvieron que ser modernizadas si querían tener éxito en el escenario, pero esto ya había sido necesario en el primer libreto de Giovanni Faustini llevado a cabo a título póstumo: Eupatra (1655), donde en las variaciones se da más importancia a la trama, disminuye la importancia de las divinidades y aumenta el número de arias. Pero Marco se sentía incómodo modificando las obras de su hermano, consideradas algo sacrosanto.

El problema que se planteó a Faustini cuando intento producir otros dos libretos póstumos de su hermano: Medea placata, en San Giovanni e Paolo en 1662 fue evidente, ya que ninguna revisión hacía el trabajo viable y al final se retiró cuando ya estaba siendo ensayada por ser "desagradable a los oyentes", siendo sustituida por Gli scherzi di Fortuna de Aureli y Ziani que tuvo su estreno a finales de enero. La retirada de Medea placata, apenas resolvió las dificultades de Faustini, ya que tuvo que realizar un parón entre 1663 y 1665 por una crisis, siendo esta intensificada por la reapertura de San Cassiano y San Moisè durante 1666 para producir dos óperas cada uno y San Moisè otra más en 1667, aumentando la competencia en la oferta de libretistas, compositores y cantantes.

En 1666 Faustini se esforzó por mover el día del inicio de la temporada del tradicional San Esteban (26 de diciembre) a Santa Lucía (14 de diciembre), como intento de tomar la iniciativa ante sus competidores. Ante esta mayor competencia, el empresario estaba más ansioso de lo normal en explotar su patrimonio, a pesar del fracaso de Medea placata, planteó el renacer de uno de los primeros libretos de Giovani Faustini: Doriclea, que tenía ya más de 20 años. Al final, con similar resultado, Marco no acabó quemado con el mito de Faustini, intentado de nuevo en 1667 producir dos libretos: Alciade y Meraspe (estas obras eran junto a Eupatra aquellas que Giovanni quería llevar a escena en un lugar más apropiado en 1651, con un teatro mayor).

Parece ser que finalmente se llevó a cabo Alciade en 1667, compartiendo escenario con la obra de Cesti y Apollonis: Dori Meraspe; pero la obra de Giovanni Faustini sufrió pocas variaciones para las que en este momento habrían sido necesarias, criticándose por ser un discurso largo y aburrido, que había que evitar en Venecia. Pocos después Faustini se rodearía de deudas y agotaría su aportación a la vida operística. Aun así, San Giovanni e Paolo fue un teatro donde Marco Faustini pasó un periodo más largo de tiempo.

Las mismas condiciones que le permitieron entrar en este mundo le habían conducido a su retirada. Entró para salvar la imagen de su hermano en 1651, y el género operístico en continuo avance, tras su primera experiencia como empresario, pronto le absorbería para convertirse en su completa dedicación, pasando de unos pequeños gastos en San Apollinare cubiertos con altos ingresos para luego ir a San Cassiano y San Giovanni e Paolo, donde aumentaron los gastos (sobre todo en honorarios de los cantantes) que no eran tan fácil de recuperar

El montaje operístico había asumido un grado de complicación que Faustini no pudo prever al inicio de su carrera y en 1667 estaba agotado y así concluiría su aportación al género operístico.

Bibliografía

 The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. S. Sadie & J. Tyrrell, eds. 29 vols. Londres: MacMillan, 2001.
 Rosand, Ellen: Opera in Seventeenth-Century Venice: The Creation of a Genre. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

Personas de Venecia
Ópera de Italia
Italianos del siglo XVII
Empresarios de Italia
Historia de la ópera
Teatro en el siglo XVII
Nacidos en Venecia
Fallecidos en Venecia

Marco Faustini


أريال زيتوني مخرج وسيناريست ومنتج فرنسي من جنسية تونسية. ولد في 26 سبتمبر 1945 في تونس العاصمة.
بد أريال زيتوني عمله كمنتج سينمائي سنة 1979 في فيلم المدرسة انتهت. وبعدها انطلق في عمليات الكتابة والإخراج سنة 1984 في فيلم ذكريات، ذكريات.

أفلام من إخراجه
 1984 : ذكريات، ذكريات
 1987 : ساكسو (Saxo)
 1993 : عين العالم
 1995 : الكلاب لا يشابهون القطط
 1997 : بامبو لاند
 2001 : ياماكازي (سامُراي الزمن الحديث)
 2007 : العصابة الأخيرة
 2016: شت إن

مصادر خارجية

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
فرنسيون من أصل يهودي تونسي
مخرجو أفلام فرنسيون
مهاجرون تونسيون إلى فرنسا
مواليد 1368 هـ
مواليد 1945
مواليد في مدينة تونس
يهود تونسيون
يهود سفارديون
يهود فرنسيون
يهود مزراحيون

أريال زيتون


An Zeuxine dhanikariana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Maina, Lalitha ngan Puthenpurayil Viswanathan Sreekumar. An Zeuxine dhanikariana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Zeuxine, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Andaman Is.. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Zeuxine

Zeuxine dhanikariana


An Telipogon aureus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni John Lindley. An Telipogon aureus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Telipogon, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Ecuador. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Telipogon

Telipogon aureus


An Carpha alpina in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Robert Brown. An Carpha alpina in nahilalakip ha genus nga Carpha, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Carpha

Carpha alpina


ඉහලින් පිහිටි ජල සංචිතයක ජලය සංචිතයෙන් ඉවතට පාලනයක් සහිතව ගැනීමට සහ සම්පූරණයෙන්ම ගැලීම නැවැත්වීමට යොදාගන්නා තාක්‍ෂණික ව්‍යුහය  හොරොවුව නම්වේ.

අතීත ලංකාවේ වැවුවල තිබූ හොරොවු වර්ග
 කැට හොරොවුව
 රජමොහොල් හොරොවුව
 බිසෝකොටුව

බිසෝකොටුව
හොරොවු අතරින් වඩාත්ම සංකීණතම හොරොවු වර්ගයයි. සෑම මහවැවකම පාහේ මෙන්ම කලාතුරකින් ගම් වැවු වලද යොදාගෙන තිබී ඇත.

වැව

හොරොවුව


Le , un Boeing 737-800 effectuant le vol China Eastern Airlines 5735 s'écrase près de Wuzhou, dans le xian de Teng (Guangxi) au sud-ouest de la Chine avec  à son bord. Environ une heure après son décollage de l'aéroport international de Kunming Changshui, l'avion entame une chute en piqué avant de percuter à grande vitesse une colline boisée du district de Tengxian, près du village de Molang. Il n'y a aucun survivant.

Contexte

Avion
L'appareil impliqué est un Boeing 737-89P âgé de près de sept ans, numéro de série 41474 et immatriculé B-1791. Propulsé par deux turboréacteurs CFM56, il effectue son premier vol le  avant d'être livré à la compagnie aérienne China Eastern Yunnan Airlines (filiale de China Eastern Airlines), son seul exploitant, le .

Le Boeing 737-800 est le prédécesseur du Boeing 737 Max qui a été interdit de vol en Chine pendant trois ans après les accidents du vol Lion Air 610 en  et du vol Ethiopian Airlines 302 en  dû au nouveau système MCAS. Au moment de l'accident, le dernier accident aérien impliquant le 737-800 est le vol Air India Express 1344, qui s'écrase sur la piste de l'aéroport international de Calicut, en Inde, le . Le dernier accident aérien en Chine remonte au , lorsque l'Embraer 190-E du vol Henan Airlines 8387 s'écrase près de l'aéroport de Yichun Lindu, faisant .

Passagers et équipage
L'Administration de l'aviation civile de Chine (CAAC) et la compagnie aérienne ont signalé que 123 passagers et 9 membres d'équipage étaient à bord. Tous les passagers étaient de nationalité chinoise.

Les trois pilotes :

 Le commandant de bord, Yang Hongda était employé comme pilote de Boeing 737 depuis janvier 2018, avec un total de 6 709 heures de vol.
 Le premier copilote, Zhang Zhengping était l'un des pilotes commerciaux les plus expérimentés de Chine, avec 31 769 heures, et un instructeur de vol pour China Eastern Airlines, ayant formé plus de 100 capitaines ; il a reçu le titre honorifique de  de l'aviation civile en 2011.
 Le deuxième copilote (en tant qu'observateur), Ni Gongtao, avec un total de 556 heures de vol, était à bord pour remplir des fonctions de formation.

Déroulement du vol

L'appareil assurait la liaison entre Kunming (Yunnan) et Canton (Guangdong). La liaison était perturbée les jours précédents avec des vols annulés les 16, 17 et .

L'avion décolle de l'aéroport international de Kunming Changshui à  (). Il devait atterrir à l'aéroport international de Canton-Baiyun à , soit environ deux heures plus tard. Il atteint son niveau de croisière de  à . Vers , alors que l'appareil est en croisière, il perd subitement de l'altitude jusqu'à atteindre environ  à 14 h 21 min 56 s. La vitesse du Boeing est alors de  soit 590 nœuds. Pendant plusieurs secondes, le vol 5735 remonte et atteint  à 14 h 22 min 05 s, avant de replonger vers le sol. L'avion s'écrase finalement vers  au sud-ouest de Wuzhou à une vitesse de .

L'impact au sol a été filmé par une caméra de surveillance d'une société minière locale. Les images montrent l'avion en train de descendre rapidement, presque à la verticale. Le site de l'écrasement a également été filmé, montrant des débris et un incendie. De nombreux morceaux plus petits ont été retrouvés éparpillés dans les environs. Les 123 passagers et 9 membres d'équipage ont été tués sur le coup.

Enquête
Le 23 mars, la CAAC annonce avoir retrouvé l'enregistreur phonique (CVR), a indiqué devant la presse Liu Lusong, le porte-parole de l'aviation civile (CAAC), qui contient deux heures d'enregistrement audio des conversations et bruits dans le cockpit : discussions entre les pilotes, communications avec l'équipage, mais aussi bruits d'ambiance dans l'avion, notamment des alarmes éventuelles grâce à quatre pistes d'enregistrement audio. La CAAC annonce que la carte mémoire est endommagée et qu'elle sera envoyée chez son constructeur pour analyse des données. La seconde boîte noire, enregistrant les paramètres de vol, est retrouvée le  enterrée dans le sol.

Le site américain Aviation Safety Network précise : .

Le 18 mai, l'enquête montre qu'aucune anomalie n'a été constaté sur l'appareil et que l'accident serait dû à une action volontaire dans le cockpit.

Réactions

Des compagnies aériennes
À la suite de l'accident, la compagnie China Eastern Airlines annonce, dans un communiqué, l'immobilisation au sol de ses 109 autres Boeing 737-800.

Références

Voir aussi

China Eastern Airlines 5735
China Eastern Airlines 5735
China Eastern Airlines 5735
2022 en Chine
Mars 2022

Vol China Eastern Airlines 5735


Atlético de Madrid Femenino, er en spansk fodboldklub for kvinder, der er baseret i Madrid og spiller i Primera División. Klubben blev etableret i 2001 og er en del af fodboldklubben Atlético Madrid.

Historie
Kvindeafldeingen 'Atlético Villa de Madrid' startede for første gang i 1989, der allerede den første sæson vandt det spanske mesterskab, Primera División. Efter kun tre år blev holdet dog opløst i 1992. I 2001 blev der oprettet et nyt uafhængigt kvindehold i Madrid under navnet 'Atlético Féminas', som oprindeligt startede i den regionale liga og senere kvalificerede sig til Segunda División Pro i 2003. I 2005 valgte klubben at tilknytte sig under den traditionsrige storklub Atlético Madrid og oprykkede den efterfølgende sæson til Primera División som vinder af 1. divisionen, Segunda División.

I sæsonen 2014/15 sikrede klubben sig for første gang sølvmedaljer i ligaen og kvalificerede sig dermed samtidig til UEFA Women's Champions League 2015-16, hvorfra klubben dog blev elimineret i ottendedelsfinalen af de endelige vindere fra franske Olympique Lyon. Holdet vandt Copa de la Reina de Fútbol over FC Barcelona i 2016, hvilket markerede den første titel i klubbens historie. Med to efterfølgende mesterskaber cementerede Atlético deres plads blandt de dygtigste og største kvindefodboldklubber i Spanien, sammen med FC Barcelona og Athletic Bilbao.

Den 17. marts 2019 satte Atlético en ny verdensrekord for flest tilskuere til en kvindefodboldkamp for klubhold. Kampen var mod rivalerne FC Barcelona, der vandt 0–2 på Wanda Metropolitano med i alt 60.739 solgte billeter.

I 2018/19-sæsonen forsvarede klubben det spanske mesterskab for andet år i træk, men tabte dog den spansk pokalfinalenederlag 0–2, Copa de la Reina de Fútbol, til Real Sociedad Femenino den 11. maj 2019.

Meritter

 Primera División: 2 1989–90, 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
 Copa de la Reina: 1
 2015–16
 Supercopa de España: 1
 2020–21

Europæisk deltagelse
Alle resultater (hjemme og ude) viser Atléticos mål først.''

Aktuel trup

Forhenværende landsholdsspillere

Referencer

Kvindefodboldklubber i Spanien
Fodbold i Spanien
Atletico de Madrid

Atlético Madrid Femenino


An Pleurothallis transparens in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Pleurothallis transparens in nahilalakip ha genus nga Pleurothallis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Pleurothallis

Pleurothallis transparens