Alien Nation is a science fiction police procedural television series in the Alien Nation franchise. Adapted from the 1988 Alien Nation movie, it stars Gary Graham as Detective Matthew Sikes, a Los Angeles police officer reluctantly working with "Newcomer" alien Sam "George" Francisco, played by Eric Pierpoint. Sikes also has an on again-off again flirtation with a female Newcomer, Cathy Frankel, played by Terri Treas.

TV Guide included the series in their 2013 list of 60 shows that were "Cancelled Too Soon".

Plot
The series is set in the near future in the United States. In 1990, a flying saucer crashes in the Mojave Desert containing a race of extraterrestrials, the Tenctonese, escaping from slavery under a cruel Overseer race.  They are humanoid but have certain anatomical differences and have been bred with greater physical strength and intelligence.  These Newcomers, as they are called, are accepted as the latest immigrants to the US. The series explores issues around their integration into the multicultural society of the US.

The storylines often are morality plays on the evils of racism and bigotry, using Newcomers as the discriminated minority. As fictional extraterrestrial immigrants, the Newcomers could stand in for social issues about various races, as well as sexual minorities such as gays and lesbians, and would invert the usual expectations. For instance, mid-way through the series, George becomes pregnant (the male of his species carrying the fetus for part of its gestation), and during much of the episode, dialog included lines like, "If you females had to feel the pain we males feel during pregnancy, there wouldn't be any babies."  The series offers social commentary by illustrating what it means to be human and the often bizarre rituals we observe.

Cast

Production

Development
In an April 2, 2008 episode of Fanboy Radio (#463), creator Johnson explains: Having been responsible for science-fiction television series such as The Six Million Dollar Man, V and The Incredible Hulk, was approached for the television adaptation of the 1988 film Alien Nation.  He had no interest in the project and agreed to watch the film which left him unimpressed except for one scene when a Newcomer, George, leaves his suburban wife and child and goes to work.
Johnson returned to the network, which envisioned a weekly science-fiction version of Lethal Weapon, and sold them on a different concept of social commentary about what happens when a new minority appears overnight.  He intended his version to be more akin to the film In the Heat of the Night than a traditional action film.

Changes from the movie

 In the movie version, human detective "Matthew Sykes" is played by James Caan. In the TV series, actor Gary Graham plays the role of "Matthew Sikes".
 Detective George Francisco, (originally named "Sam Francisco" by the Human immigration authorities) the Newcomer detective, is played by Mandy Patinkin in the movie. Eric Pierpoint plays the character in the TV series.
 Many aspects of Newcomer culture are explored in the TV series, including childbirth, religion, family, history and longing for their home planet. In the movie, Newcomer culture is hinted at but never fully explored or rounded out.
 In the movie, Francisco has a wife named Susan (played by Kendall Conrad) and a son (called "George Jr." in the credits, although Mandy Patinkin states that within the film, he was named "Richard" after Richard Nixon), played by Brian Lando. In the TV series, his wife is still named Susan (Michele Scarabelli), but his son is named Buck (Sean Six). He also has a daughter, Emily (Lauren Woodland) and gives birth to an additional daughter, Vessna.
 In the movie, Sykes's daughter is married. In the TV series, she is unmarried and is of college age with a boyfriend.
 Matt and George both work for Captain Warner (Francis X. McCarthy) in the movie. In the TV series, it is Captain Bryon Grazer (Ron Fassler).

Cancellation
The weekly series ran for one season, from 1989 through 1990, and was one of the few successes the fledgling Fox Network had at the time. However, the network suffered from financial shortage caused by lower-than-expected advertising income. As a result, Fox executives cancelled all of their dramatic series for the 1990–1991 season. A second season of Alien Nation was clearly expected by the producers, as the season ended with a cliffhanger. The show built a strong fan base, and popular demand led to "Dark Horizon", the episode that would have begun the second season, being novelized and adapted as a comic book as well as spawning a series of novels. Four years later, after a change of management at Fox, the story of Alien Nation continued with five television movies (including all the original cast), picking up with the cliffhanger.

Episodes
A spaceship transporting slaves from an alien planet, crash landed on earth. While trying to integrate into human society, the "Newcomers" are accepted by some and hated by others.

Television movies

Home media
The series was released on DVD by 20th Century Fox on January 3, 2006. The five telefilms that followed after the series was cancelled were released in Region 1 by Best Buy exclusively on September 11, 2007, and worldwide on April 15, 2008.

Revival
In June 2009, Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi Channel) announced that they were developing a new take on the series. Tim Minear (Angel, Firefly) was announced to pen the series. But later in 2014, it was reported that the series was cancelled by the network in favor of paranormal reality shows and professional wrestling. In 2015, it was reported that a remake of the series was again in the works, with Art Marcum and Matt Holloway writing the script.

References

External links

1980s American science fiction television series
1990s American science fiction television series
Fox Broadcasting Company original programming
Live action television shows based on films
Television series by 20th Century Fox Television
Alien Nation
Television shows set in Los Angeles
Television series set in 1995
Television series set in 1996
Fictional portrayals of the Los Angeles Police Department
1989 American television series debuts
1990 American television series endings
Television series about extraterrestrial life

Alien Nation (TV series)


Mallorca Challenge, eller Vuelta a Mallorca, er en samling af fire (tidligere fem) UCI-løb på øen Mallorca som foregår i februar. Løbene er Trofeo Palma, Trofeo Ses Salines, Trofeo de Tramuntana Soller-Deia, Trofeo Andratx-Lloseta. Samlingen af løbene har foregået siden 1992.

Vindere

Trofeo Palma
Tidligere navne:
 Trofeo Mallorca
 Trofeo Palma de Mallorca
 Trofeo Playa de Palma-Palma
 Trofeo Playa de Palma

Trofeo Ses Salines
Tidligere navne:
 Trofeo Alcúdia
 Trofeo Cala Millor
 Trofeo Campos

Trofeo de Tramuntana Soller-Deia
Tidligere navne:
 Trofeo Sóller
 Trofeo Inca
 Trofeo Serra de Tramuntana

Trofeo Andratx-Lloseta
Tidligere navne:
 Trofeo Manacor
 Trofeo Pollença
 Trofeo Magaluf-Palmanova
 Trofeo Platja de Muro
 Trofeo Andratx
 Trofeo Pollença-Andratx
 Trofeo Andratx-Mirador des Colomer
 Trofeo Lloseta-Andratx

Trofeo Calvià
Tidligere navn:
 Trofeo Deià

Eksterne henvisninger

Etableret i 1992

Mallorca Challenge


Crkva sv. Pelegrina na rtu Pelegrinu otoka Hvara, Grad Hvar, predstavlja zaštićeno kulturno dobro.

Opis dobra
Na rtu Pelegrin na Hvaru nalaze se ostaci jednobrodne crkve četverokutnog oblika s izduženom četvrtastom apsidom. Zidovi su zidani pravilnim četvrtastim kamenom u pravilnim nizovima. Nisu sačuvani tragova otvora, kao ni pročelni zid. Nisu vidljivi ni tragovi pločnika u unutrašnjosti. Apsida crkve se nalazi na istoku. Po pravilnom načinu zidanja u slojevima i tlocrtom obliku datira se u razdoblje XV. – XVI. stoljeća. Vjerojatno je bila posvećena Sv. Pelegrinu.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-5875 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačna, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "sakralne građevine".

Izvori

Zaštićene sakralne građevine u Splitsko-dalmatinskoj županiji
Katoličke crkve na Hvaru

Crkva sv. Pelegrina na rtu Pelegrinu


Vocal Recall ist ein Vokalensemble aus Berlin, bestehend aus Alice Köfer (Gesang), Dieter Behrens (Gesang), Bernhard Leube (Gesang) und Martin Rosengarten (Piano, Keyboard, Loops).

Mitglieder
Alice Köfer (* 1976 in Potsdam) ist Jazzsängerin, Schauspielerin und Gesangs-Dozentin an der Universität Potsdam. Neben Engagements im Friedrichstadt-Palast arbeitete sie mit Pigor & Eichhorn und dem Andrej Hermlin Swing and Dance Orchestra zusammen.

Dieter Behrens (* 1980 in Hamburg) ist Biologe mit klassischer Musikausbildung. Er war als Dichter auf Poetry-Slams aktiv und ist Mitglied des Monteverdi-Chors Hamburg.

Bernhard Leube (* 1970 in Berlin) ist Opernsänger. Seine Engagements führten ihn u. a. an die Opernhäuser in Leipzig, Mannheim, Rostock und Stralsund. Er ist Mitglied des Bayreuther Festspielchores.

Martin Rosengarten (* 1967 in Berlin) ist Pianist, Komponist und Arrangeur. Er arbeitete u. a. mit Martina Brandl, Tim Fischer und Eckart von Hirschhausen zusammen.

Vocal Recall arbeitet auch regelmäßig mit den Pianisten Matthias Behrsing und Falk Effenberger zusammen.

Stil
Vocal Recall interpretieren bekannte Songs der Musikgeschichte und verfremden sie musikalisch und inhaltlich durch Neutextungen, die in deutscher Sprache phonetische Parallelen zum Original aufweisen.

Der Satzgesang in der ungewöhnlichen Konstellation mit nur zwei Sängern und einer Sängerin sowie die Ergänzung der Klavierbegleitung durch Grooves und Samples grenzen ihren Stil von vielen anderen Ensembles der Kleinkunst- und A-cappella-Szene ab.

Auszeichnungen
 2010: Euskirchener Kleinkunstpreis, 3. Platz
 2011: Schweiger Kleinkunstpreis "Der Querdenker", 1. Platz
 2011: Tuttlinger Krähe, Finalist
 2011: Swiss Comedy Award, Finalist
 2011: Reinheimer Satirelöwe, Finalist
 2012: Rostocker Koggenzieher, 1. Platz und Publikumspreis
 2012: Sieger der Kabarettbundesliga 2011/2012 (Deutscher Kabarettmeister 2012)
 2012: Fränkischer Kabarettpreis, 3. Platz
 2015: Herborner Schlumpeweck
 2016: Paulaner Solo+, 3. Platz

Fernsehauftritte
 SWR Fernsehen: Zusammenfassung des Kabarettwettbewerbs "Stuttgarter Besen" am 9. April 2012
 FAN Television: zu Gast bei Isabella Belloni bei Studio2 am 24. Januar 2012
 Regio TV Bodensee: Wettbewerb Tuttlinger Krähe 2011 am 15. April 2011

Radio
 WDR5: zu Gast bei "Hart an der Grenze" mit Wilfried Schmickler am 4. Oktober 2014
 Deutschlandfunk: Siegerehrung der Kabarettbundesliga in den Wühlmäusen am 13. Juni 2012
 Deutschlandfunk: Die Kabarett-Bundesliga 2011/ 2012 in den Querköpfen am 11. April 2012
 Alex Offener Kanal Berlin: zu Gast in der YeoMen-Show am 30. November 2011
 Radio Eins, Berlin: zu Gast bei Marion Brasch am 30. September 2010

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks
 Homepage von Vocal Recall
 Vocal Recall bei Facebook
 Homepage von Martin Rosengarten
 Homepage von Alice Köfer

Künstlergruppe (Kleinkunst)
Kabarett-Ensemble
Vokalensemble

Vocal Recall


Die Bulgarian International 2008 im Badminton fanden vom 2. bis zum 5. Oktober 2008 in Sofia statt.

Medaillengewinner

Weblinks
 http://www.tournamentsoftware.com/sport/tournament.aspx?id=854F7169-FC54-44A7-9BCC-AA5693023E4E

2008
Badminton 2008
Badmintonwettbewerb in Sofia
BE Circuit 2008/09

Bulgarian International 2008


Ironville bezeichnet mehrere

Orte in den Vereinigten Staaten:
 Ironville (Kentucky)
 Ironville (New York)
 Ironville (Ohio)
 Ironville (Pennsylvania)

Ironville


Johann Georg Pinsel (poln. Jan Jerzy Pinzel, ukr. , † 1761 oder 1762) war ein Bildhauer und Holzbildhauer des Barock. Er war wohl deutscher oder böhmischer Abstammung und arbeitete hauptsächlich in Rotruthenien, einem Gebiet, das damals zum Königreich Polen gehörte und heute in der westlichen Ukraine liegt.

Leben und Wirken
Über seinen Lebenslauf fehlen nähere Angaben. Er war 1750 bis 1761 unter der Schirmherrschaft des Kaniwer Starost Nikolaus Basilius Potocki bei der Errichtung zahlreicher Kirchen und Paläste tätig, in einer Zusammenarbeit mit dem Lemberger Architekten Bernhard Meretin, seit 1745 dem Hofarchitekten des Königs August III.

Später ließ sich Pinsel in Butschatsch nieder. Seine ersten Skulpturen für das Rathaus in Butschatsch und die griechisch-katholische Erzkathedrale Sankt Georg in Lemberg wurden in Stein gehauen. Weitere Werke sind hölzerne Hochaltare in den römisch-katholischen Kirchen der Unbefleckten-Empfängnis-Mariens in Horodenka (1752–1755), der Allerheiligenkirche in Hodowyzja (um 1758) und in Monastyryska (1761), in Hwisdez sowie in der Sankt-Martinskirche in Lemberg.

Er hinterließ etwa vierzig Schüler. Nach Pinsels Tode war seine Werkstatt in Butschatsch weiter tätig, da seine Schüler  die von ihm begonnenen Arbeiten weiter führten.

Pinsels Werke zeigen die Stilmerkmale des süddeutschen Rokoko, mit starker Ausdruckskraft.

Während der Sowjetherrschaft (1940–1990) wurden viele Kirchen geschlossen und verwahrlosten und die hölzernen Skulpturen dienten oft als Brennholz. Erst um 1960 gelang es dem ukrainischen Kunsthistoriker Borys Wosnyzkyj (1926–2012) einige hölzerne Skulpturen zu retten. Nach 1990 gelang es ihm, in der ehemaligen römisch-katholischen Kirche der Unbefleckten Empfängnis der Jungfrau Mariä in Lemberg ein Johann-Georg-Pinsel-Museum zu gründen.

Literatur
 Himmlisch! Der Barockbildhauer Johann Georg Pinsel
 Peter Volk, Oksana Kozyr: Zur Lemberger Rokokoplastik : Bozzetti von Johann Georg Pinsel
 Oksana Kozyr: Expressives Rokoko In NGO "Unabhängige Kulturzeitschrift "Ï". Weltkunst. Heft 14/2004 Dezember (online)
 Adam Bochnak: Ze studjów nad rzeźba lwowską epoki rokoka. Kraków 1931. (polnisch)
 Zbigniew Hornung: Majster Pinzel snycerz. Karta z dziejów lwowskiej rzeźby rokokowej. Wrocław 1976. (polnisch)

Weblinks

 Johann Georg Pinzel (engl.)
 Johann-Pinsel-Museum Lemberg
 Ausstellung Johann Georg Pinsel in Wien (Belvedere)

Bildhauer des Barock
Bildhauer (Polen)
Bildhauer (Ukraine)
Rokoko
Geboren im 17. oder 18. Jahrhundert
Gestorben im 18. Jahrhundert
Mann
Person (Butschatsch)

Johann Georg Pinsel


Angólska karlalandsliðið í knattspyrnu er fulltrúi Angóla í knattspyrnu og er stjórnað af knattspyrnusambandi landsins. Liðið hefur einu sinni komist í úrslitakeppni HM, í Suður-Afríku 2006.

Afrísk knattspyrnulandslið
Karlalandslið í knattspyrnu
Angóla

Angólska karlalandsliðið í knattspyrnu


Agave angustiarum ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung der Agaven (Agave). Ein englischer Trivialname ist "Century Plant".

Beschreibung
Agave angustiarum wächst einzeln oder bildet einen kurzen Stamm. Die variablen, linealisch bis lanzettförmigen, spitz zulaufenden, dicken, steifen, grünen bis bläulichen, gestreiften Blätter sind 50 bis 80 cm lang und 6 bis 7 cm breit. Die hornigen Blattränder sind gezahnt, unterhalb der Blattspitze ungezahnt. Der nadelige Enddorn ist 3 bis 4,5 cm lang.

Der ährige, schlanke Blütenstand wird 2 bis 4 m hoch. Die weiß bis grüngefärbten Blüten sind 35 bis 40 mm lang. Die Blütenröhre ist 4 bis 5 mm lang.

Die variabel geformten dreikammerigen Kapselfrüchte sind bis 25 mm lang und 12 bis 15 mm breit. Die schwarzen Samen sind 3 bis 5 mm lang und 2 bis 3 mm breit.

Systematik und Verbreitung
Agave angustiarum wächst in den mexikanischen Bundesstaaten Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero, Morelos, México und Michoacán in tropischen Regionen in 600 bis 1500 m Höhe. Sie ist vergesellschaftet mit Sukkulenten und Kakteenarten.

Die Erstbeschreibung durch Trel. ist 1920 veröffentlicht worden.

Agave angustiarum ist ein Vertreter der Gruppe Marginatae. Typisch sind die langen, schmalen, entlang der verschmälerten Spitze ungezahnten Blätter. Sie kann mit einigen Formen von Agave kerchovei verwechselt werden.

Literatur
 Howard Scott Gentry: Agaves of Continental North America. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, Ariz. 1982, ISBN 0-8165-0775-9, S. 134–135.
 J. Thiede: Agavaceae. In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Sukkulenten-Lexikon. Einkeimblättrige Pflanzen (Monocotyledonen). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7, S. 11–12.

Einzelnachweise

Agaven
Angustiarum

Agave angustiarum


යූරල් යනු, රුසියාව සහ  කසකස්තානය අතරින් ගලායන ගංගාවකි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 ට්‍රාන්ස් සයිබිරියානු දුම්රිය

යූරල් ගංගාව


Christos Giagos (født 23. januar 1990) er en amerikansk professionel MMA-udøver af græsk afstamning, der konkurrerer i Lightweightdivisionen i UFC. Han er mest kendt for at have besejret danske Damir Hadžović den 1. juni 2019 på UFC Fight Night 153 i Stockholm i Sverige.

Baggrund
Giagos blev født og opvoksede i det sydlige Californien. Giagos konkurrerede i brydning i high school og begyndte at træne i MMA i en alder af 19 år i 2009.

MMA-karriere

Tidlig karriere
Giagos fik sin professionelle kampsportdebut i 2009 hvor han konkurrerede i lightweight på lokale stævner i hele Californien. Han var i stand til at opbygge en rekordliste på 10-2, hvor han herunder vandt RFA Lightweight Championship den 22. august 2014 med en TKO-sejr mod Dakota Cochrane. Som gevinst skrev Giagos kontrakt med UFC i efteråret 2014.

Ultimate Fighting Championship
Giagos fik sin UFC-debut mod Gilbert Burns den 25. oktober 2014 på UFC 179. Han tabte kampen via submission i første omgang.

Giagos mødte Jorge de Oliveira den 21. marts 2015 på UFC Fight Night 62. Giagos vandt kampen via submission i første omgang.

Giagos mødte Chris Wade den 6. juni 2015 på UFC Fight Night 68. Han tabte kampen via enstemmig afgørelse og blev derefter løsladt af organisiitonen .

Absolut Championship Berkut
Han fik sin debut i Rusland organisation, ACB mod Alexandre Pimentel fra Brasilien på ACB 51: Silva vs. Torgeson den 13. januar 2017. Han vandt kampen via enstemmig afgørelse.

I sin anden kamp mødte han Shamil Nikaev på ACB 71: Yan vs. Mattos den 30. september 2017. Han tabte kampen via delt afgørelse.

Tilbagevenden til UFC
Giagos vendte tilbage til UFC mod Charles Oliveira den 22. september 2018 på UFC Fight Night 137 . Han tabte kampen via submission i 2. omgang.

Giagos mødte Mizuto Hirota den 2. december 2018 på UFC Fight Night 142. Han vandt kampen via enstemmig afgørelse.

Giagos mødte danske Damir Hadžović den 1. juni 2019 på UFC Fight Night 153 i Stockholm i Sverige. Han vandt kampen via enstemmig afgørelse.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Christos Giagos
 Professionel MMA-post til Christos Giagos

MMA-udøvere fra USA
MMA-udøvere fra Grækenland
Personer fra Californien

Christos Giagos


Peziza arvernensis, la Pézize sylvestre est une espèce de champignons ascomycètes (Fungi) de la famille des Pezizaceae et du genre Peziza. Peziza sylvestris est un synonyme incorrect couramment employé dans les flores mycologiques. Ce champignon fait partie des nombreuses Pézizes brunes en forme de coupe. Seul un examen microscopique permet sa stricte distinction, ses caractéristiques majeures étant la taille des spores et l'absence de guttules. Le fait que la Pézize sylvestre pousse directement sur les sols forestiers est également un caractère déterminant tout comme sa face externe finement veloutée blanchâtre, l'absence de pied et son attachement central au substrat. Décrite depuis une forêt proche d'Aurillac en Auvergne, cette espèce est présente en Eurasie et en Amérique du Nord.

Description

Macroscopie

La Pézize sylvestre produit une apothécie de taille moyenne en forme de coupe pouvant atteindre  de diamètre. Profondément bombée dans sa jeunesse et s'avachissant avec l'âge, elle peut également prendre une forme irrégulière par la proximité d'autres individus grégaires. La surface interne fertile, l'hyménium, est lisse, parfois ridée, typiquement ocre nuancée de rouille avec de faibles reflets olivâtres. La surface externe est également lisse et de la même couleur que la surface interne, quoique plus olivâtre et minutieusement veloutée avec un duvet blanchâtre, du moins lorsqu'elle est jeune. La marge est involutée dans sa jeunesse, se fendant avec l'âge. La chair est cireuse, fragile, cassante, ocracée et peut être particulièrement épaisse. Elle est composée de plusieurs strates, ce phénomène étant plus évident à l'état sec. Elle ne possède pas de pied et est généralement fixée au substrat par son centre. Son odeur et sa saveur sont indistincts.

Microscopie

Peziza arvernensis présente des spores ellipsoïdales, finement verruqueuses, hyalines, dépourvues de guttules et mesurant de  de long pour de  de large. Les spores sont produites par huit en une file unique dans des asques cylindriques, bleuissant à leur extrémité dans le réactif de Melzer et mesurant de  de long pour  de large. Les paraphyses, de longues cellules stériles, sont cylindriques, minces, septées, légèrement gonflées aux extrémités et légèrement colorées.

Écologie et répartition

La Pézize sylvestre pousse du printemps à l'automne, voire en hiver dans les zones au climat favorable, seule ou en petites troupes fortement confluentes, sur les sols sablonneux, de l'arrière-dune au niveau de la mer jusqu'à la montagne. Ce saprobionte qui apprécie les forêts de feuillus comme celles de conifères, a tendance à fructifier directement sur le sol dans les endroits où se sont accumulés des débris forestiers ligneux, ce qui permet de le distinguer de plusieurs espèces similaires de Peziza qui poussent sur des excréments ou directement sur du bois en décomposition. Elle est occasionnellement carbonicole, c'est-à-dire qu'elle est stimulée par les feux de forêt. En Europe, elle est principalement associée aux hêtres.

La Pézize sylvestre est une espèce holarctique. Elle est présente en Europe et largement distribuée en Amérique du Nord

Confusions possibles

L'identification précise de cette espèce nécessite l'examen de ses caractères microscopiques car il existe de nombreuses Pézizes brunes. Néanmoins sa face externe finement veloutée blanchâtre et son attachement central au substrat sont des caractères morphologiques externes qui permettent de dégrossir la détermination. De plus, elle a tendance à pousser directement sur le sol forestier, contrairement à d'autres qui préfèrent le bois en décomposition ou le fumier.

Parmi les autres espèces du genre Peziza colorées de brun, se trouve Peziza repanda qui a des spores lisses mesurant de  de long pour  de large ; Peziza varia est plus charnue et produit des spores lisses mesurant  pour . Lorsque P. arvernensis est particulièrement sombre, elle peut être confondue avec Peziza brunneoatra. Peziza pseudovesiculosa a une couleur brun fauve plus ou moins foncée, parfois avec des reflets violacés, et une surface externe aux reflets rouille à la marge ocre foncé-jaune clair. Sa chair est composée de 5 strates visibles à la loupe. Ses spores elliptiques, finement verruqueuses et ornées de nombreuses petites granules, sont plus petites, mesurant  de long pour  de large.

Systématique
Peziza arvernensis est décrite en  par les mycologues français Ernest Roze et Jean Louis Émile Boudier à partir de spécimens récoltés en juillet de la même année dans le Cantal, à proximité d'Aurillac, dans le bois de la Gondamine, d'où son épithète, « arvernensis » signifiant « provenant d'Auvergne ».

L'espèce est connue dans de nombreux guides sous le synonyme incorrect Peziza silvestris qui a donné le nom vulgarisé et normalisé en français « Pézize sylvestre ».

Peziza arvernensis a pour synonymes :
 Aleuria arvernensis (Roze & Boud.) Gillet
 Aleuria sylvestris Boud.
 Galactinia sylvestris (Boud.) Svrček
 Peziza silvestris (Boud.) Sacc. & Traverso

Notes et références

Liens externes

Pezizaceae
Espèce de champignons (nom scientifique)

Peziza arvernensis


Niflfari (fræðiheiti: Caprimulgus ruficollis) er fugl af ætt náttfara. Þeir eru stærsta tegund náttfara í Evrópu. Þeir verpa í Íberíu og Norður-Afríku og hafa vetursetu í suðrænni Vestur-Afríku.

Tenglar

Náttfarar

Niflfari


La gare d'Hatrival est une ancienne gare ferroviaire belge de la ligne 162, de Namur à Sterpenich située à Hatrival sur la commune de Saint-Hubert, dans la province de Luxembourg en Région wallonne.

Situation ferroviaire
La gare d'Hatrival était établie au  (PK) 80,0 de la ligne 162, de Namur à Sterpenich (frontière luxembourgeoise), entre les gares ouvertes de Poix-Saint-Hubert et de Libramont.

Histoire
La gare d'Hatrival est mise en service le  par les Chemins de fer de l'État belge sur une section de la ligne du Luxembourg mise en service en 1858. Elle se trouve à quelque  et demie du village d'Hatrival.

La gare possède une voie de garage à entrée et sortie directes conservée lors de la reconstruction de la ligne dans les années 2010-2020, qui a vu disparaître le passage à niveau au profit d'un pont sur une route déviée.

Les trains de voyageurs ne s'y arrêtent plus depuis le  et la SNCB a prévu en  de fermer la cour aux marchandises.

Patrimoine ferroviaire
Le bâtiment des recettes appartient à un plan type standard dessiné par le groupe d'Arlon des Chemins de fer de l'État belge et bâti à Leignon, Lavaux, Fouches et Autelbas ; seules les deux premières, occupées par des particuliers, sont encore debout. Il s'agit de petites constructions avec un corps central de trois travées espacées séparées par des pilastres avec une aile de service à toit plat et une aile d'une seule travée de l'autre côté.

Le bâtiment d'Hatrival se distinguait de ses jumeaux par une façade en pierre de taille avec des ornements en briques rouges apparentes. Inutilisé, il est démoli en 2011. À noter que la gare de Poix-Saint-Hubert, appartenant à un type plus grand, possède les mêmes ornements de façade (matériaux et entourages de baies) au niveau de son aile basse (de sept travées sur les photographies les plus anciennes connues) alors que le reste du bâtiment a un aspect différent, semblable à ceux des gares de Grupont et Neufchâteau.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Ligne 162 (Infrabel)
Schéma de la ligne 162 (Infrabel)
 Liste de gares en Belgique

Lien externe
 Vue des bâtiments de la gare et du passage à niveau en 2010, sur Google Street View

Gare
Ligne 162 (Infrabel)
Gare disparue dans la province de Luxembourg
Gare mise en service en 1881
Gare

Gare d'Hatrival


El VIII Campeonato Mundial de Tiro al Plato se celebró en Madrid (España) en el año 1950 bajo la organización de la Federación Internacional de Tiro Deportivo (ISSF) y la Federación Española de Tiro al Plato.

Resultados

Masculino

Medallero

Enlaces externos
Resultados oficiales (en inglés).

P 1950

Campeonato Mundial de Tiro al Plato de 1950


O reclamă de televiziune (cunoscută în mod obișnuit ca reclamă TV, comercială sau publicitate) este un interval de programe de televiziune produs și plătit de o organizație. Acesta transmite un mesaj, destinat comercializării unui produs sau serviciu. Agenții de publicitate și marcatorii se pot referi la reclame de televiziune ca TVC. Reclamele de Televiziune se afișează doar când este publicitate.

Anunțuri de la reclamele TV oferă o parte semnificativă a finanțării pentru majoritatea rețelelor de televiziune cu capital privat. Pe parcursul anilor 2010, numărul reclamelor a crescut constant, iar în același timp, lungimea fiecărei reclame s-a diminuat.   Reclamele de acest tip au promovat o mare varietate de bunuri, servicii și idei încă din timpurile istoriei televiziunii.  Vizualizarea programării televizate, măsurată de companii precum Nielsen Media Research din Statele Unite sau BARB în Marea Britanie, este adesea folosită ca metrică pentru plasarea reclamei televizate și, în consecință, pentru tarifele pe care emitenții le percep. agenții de publicitate să fie difuzați într-o anumită rețea, un program de televiziune sau o zi din zi (numită "partea zilei").

În multe țări, inclusiv în Statele Unite, reclamele la campaniile de televiziune sunt obișnuite într-o campanie politică . În alte țări, precum Franța, publicitatea politică la televizor este puternic restricționată,  timp ce unele țări, precum Norvegia, interzic complet reclame politice. În România, câtodată apare și reclame mai politice la câteva canale de televiziune.

Tendințe de reclame TV

Internet și digital
Cu toate acestea, odată cu apariția serviciilor mass-media de top, Internetul  a devenit o platformă pentru televiziune și, prin urmare, publicitate TV.  Atribuția TV este un concept de marketing prin care se măsoară impactul reclamelor televizate asupra consumatorilor.

Televiziunea adresabilă este locul în care se folosește publicitatea vizată pe platformele digitale,  astfel încât două persoane care urmăresc același emisiune primesc anunțuri diferite.

Note

Terminologie din televiziune
Publicitate

Reclamă de televiziune


An Epipactis breinerorum in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Petr Batoušek. An Epipactis breinerorum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epipactis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epipactis

Epipactis breinerorum


Die isländische Fußballmeisterschaft 1939 war die 28. Spielzeit der höchsten isländischen Fußballliga.

Es nahmen vier Teams am Bewerb teil, in dem jede Mannschaft jeweils einmal auf jede andere traf. Fram Reykjavík gewann den elften Titel der Vereinsgeschichte, und den ersten seit 1925.

Die Abschlusstabelle der Spielzeit verzeichnet einige Premieren in der Geschichte der isländischen Fußballliga:
 Zum ersten Mal wurde eine Mannschaft Meister, die mindestens ein Spiel verlor.
 Zum ersten Mal beendete der Titelverteidiger die Saison am letzten Tabellenplatz.
 Zum ersten Mal hatte der Meister eine negative Torbilanz.

Abschlusstabelle

Kreuztabelle
Die Kreuztabelle stellt die Ergebnisse aller Spiele dieser Saison dar. Die Heimmannschaft ist in der ersten Spalte aufgelistet, die Gastmannschaft in der obersten Reihe. Die Ergebnisse sind immer aus Sicht der Heimmannschaft angegeben.

Weblinks und Referenzen

Fußballsaison 1939
1939

Isländische Fußballmeisterschaft 1939


Eine Burg Wolfsberg gibt es in folgenden Orten:

 Burg Wolfsberg (Lüdinghausen) in Lüdinghausen, Nordrhein-Westfalen
 Burg Wolfsberg (Steinekirch) in Steinekirch nahe Zusmarshausen, Bayern

siehe auch:
 Burgruine Wolfsberg, Schloss Wolfsberg

Burg Wolfsberg


Kritička pedagogija je filozofija obrazovanja i društvenog pokreta koja je razvijala i primjenjivala koncepte iz kritičke teorije i srodnih pojmova u područje obrazovanja i proučavanja kulture.

Zagovornici kritičke pedagogije odbacuju ideju da znanje može biti politički neutralno tvrdeći da je podučavanje urođeni politički čin. Nadalje, smatraju da se pitanja socijalne pravde i demokracije ne mogu odvojiti od čina poučavanja i učenja. Cilj kritičke pedagogije je emancipacija od ugnjetavanja kroz buđenje kritičke svijesti, utemeljene na portugalskom terminu conscientização. Jednom kada se ona postigne trebala bi potaknuti pojedince na promjene u svom svijetu putem društvene kritike i političkog djelovanja i dovesti do samoaktualizacije.

Kritičku pedagogiju utemeljio je brazilski filozof i odgajatelj Paulo Freire. Opisao ju je u svojoj knjizi iz 1968. Pedagogija obespravljenih, koja je vrlo brzo postala poznata i zadobila veliku potporu u Sjedinjenim Državama, gdje su zagovornici nastojili razviti način podučavanja koji bi bio uspješan u borbi protiv rasizma, seksizma i kapitalizma. Takve ideje su se promovirale uakademskim čaasopisima kao što je Radical Teacher, te je postepeno uključivala i elemente iz drugih ljevičarski orijentiranih područja poput postmoderne teorije, feminističke teorije, postkolonijalne teorije i queer teorije.

Kritičari teorije smatrali su da nije prikladno da visokoškolske ustanove promiču radikalni politički aktivizam među svojim učenicima, te da su se zagovornici kritičke pedagogije pogrešno usredotočili na promicanje političkih stavova na štetu poučavanja vještinama poput pismenog izražavanja. Također, tvrdili su i da su se mnogi učitelji pod utjecajem kritičke pedagogije promicali pojednostavljene ideološki usmjerene ideje o složenim društvenim pitanjima poput rasne diskriminacije i klasne nejednakosti za čije podučavanje nisu kvalificirani.

Pozadina
Koncept kritičke pedagogije seže do najpoznatijeg djela Paula Freirea iz 1968. godine, Pedagogija obespravljenih. Freire, profesor povijesti i filozofije obrazovanja na Federalnom sveučilištu Pernambuco u Brazilu, nastojao je u ovom i daljnjim radovima razviti filozofiju obrazovanja odraslih koja bi iskazivala solidarnost sa siromašnima u njihovoj zajedničkoj borbi za opstanak uključivanjem u kritičku svijest i analizu. Unatoč tome što mu je obitelj pretrpjela razne gubitke i glad tijekom velike depresije, siromašni su njega i njegovu nekadašnju obitelj srednje klase gledali kao ljude koji su se igrom slučaja našli u toj situaciji. Njegovo intimno otkriće klase i klasnih granica dovelo je do Freireova radikalnog odbacivanja klasnog društva.

Freireu su njegova utjecajna djela zaslužila status najcjenjenijeg kritičkog odgojitelja. Sam je rijetko koristio izraz "kritička pedagogija" pri opisivanju ove filozofije a početni fokus bio mu je usmjeren na projekt pismenosti odraslih u Brazilu, te je kasnije prilagođen kako bi obuhvaćao širok raspon socijalnih i obrazovnih pitanja. Freireova pedagogija ticala se anti-autoritarnog i interaktivnog pristupa čiji je cilj bio ispitati pitanja relacijske moći učenika i radnika. Središte kurikuluma bio je utemeljen na društvenim i političkim kritikama svakodnevnog života. Freireova praksa zahtijevala je provedbu niza obrazovnih praksi i procesa s ciljem stvaranja ne samo boljeg okruženja za poučavanje, već i boljeg svijeta. Freire je smatrao da to nije samo obrazovna tehnika već i način života u obrazovnoj praksi.

Freire podupire sposobnost učenika da kritički razmišljaju o svojoj obrazovnoj situaciji, kako bi im se omogućilo "prepoznavanje povezanosti između njihovih pojedinačnih problema i iskustava i društvenog konteksta u koji su ugrađeni". Postizanje svijesti (kritička svijest, "conscientização") je nužan prvi korak " prakse ", koja se definira kao moć i znanje o djelovanju protiv ugnjetavanja, pri čemu se naglašava važnost oslobađanja obrazovanja.

Od 1980-ih Henry Giroux i drugi razvijali su obrazovnu filozofiju kao obrazovni pokret orijentiran na praksu, koji je trebao pomoći učenicima razviti svijest o slobodi, prepoznati autoritarne tendencije i povezati znanje s moći i sposobnosti poduzimanja konstruktivnog djelovanja. Peter McLaren i Giroux bili su urednici jedne knjige o kritičkoj pedagogiji, a u 1990-ima su zajedno napisali drugu. Među drugim vodećim imenima ove obrazovne filozofije su bell hooks (Gloria Jean Watkins), Joe L. Kincheloe, Patti Lather, Antonia Darder, Gloria Ladson-Billings, Peter McLaren, Joe L. Kincheloe, Khen Lampert, Howard Zinn, Donaldo Macedo, Sandy Grande, Michael Apple i Stephanie Ledesma. U ovu kategoriju ponekad su uključeni i edukacijski stručnjaci poput Jonathana Kozola i Parkera Palmera. Preostali pedagozi poznatiji po svojim stavovima za borbu protiv školovanja, neškolovanja ili deškolovanja su Ivan Illich, John Holt, Ira Shor, John Taylor Gatto i Matt Hern.

Kritička pedagogija ima nekoliko smjerova i temelja. Postmoderna, antirasistička, feministička, postkolonijalna i queer teorija igraju ulogu u daljnjem širenju i obogaćivanju Freireovih izvornih ideja o kritičkoj pedagogiji, prebacujući njezin glavni fokus na društvene klase kako bi uključila pitanja koja se odnose na religiju, vojnu identifikaciju, rasu, spol, seksualnost, nacionalnost, etničku pripadnost i starost. Veliki broj djela bavi se i anarhizmom, Györgyom Lukácsom, Wilhelmom Reichom, postkolonijalizmom i teorijama diskursa Edwarda Saida, Antonia Gramscija, Gillesa Deleuzea ( rizomatičko učenje ) i Michela Foucaulta. Radical Teacher je časopis posvećen kritičkoj pedagogiji i pitanjima koja su od interesa pedagozima kritičke pedagogije. Mnogi suvremenici prihvatili su postmoderne, anti-esencijalističke perspektive pojedinca, jezika i moći zadržavajući Freirev naglasak na kritici, rušenju opresivnih režima moći i znanja i društvenim promjenama.

Razvoj
Kako se razvijala kritička teorija, slijedio je i razvoj kritičke pedagogije. Suvremeni kritički nastavnici, poput bell hooks i Petera McLarena, u svojim kritikama razmatraju utjecaje različitih pitanja zabrinutosti, institucija i društvenih struktura. McLaren je razvio kritičku pedagogiju koju naziva revolucionarnom kritičkom pedagogijom a koja se temelji na društvenom pokretu, naglašavajući kritičku pedagogiju kao društveni pokret za stvaranje demokratske socijalističke alternative kapitalizmu.

Joe L. Kincheloe i Shirley R. Steinberg stvorili su projekt "Paulo i Nita Freire" za Međunarodnu kritičku pedagogiju na sveučilištu McGill. Kroz doprinose Kincheloe i Steinberga kritičkoj pedagogiji, projekt pokušava dovesti područje kritičke pedagogije u sljedeću fazu razvoja. U ovoj drugoj fazi ona nastoji postati svjetski pokret posvećen slušanju i učenju iz različitih diskursa ljudi s cijelog planeta. Kincheloe i Steinberg također prihvaćaju starosjedilačko znanje u obrazovanju kao način za proširivanje kritičke pedagogije i propitivanje obrazovne hegemonije. Joe L. Kincheloe, proširuje Freireovu ideju da već samo traženje društvenih promjena može promicati antiintelektualizam, te uravnoteženiji pristup obrazovanju u odnosu na postmoderniste.

Jedan od glavnih tekstova koji govori o poveznicama kritičke pedagogije i autohtonih znanja je rad Sandy Grande, Red Pedagogy: Native American Social and Political Thought (Rowman and Littlefield, 2004). U skladu s ovom perspektivom, Four Arrows (Don Trent Jacobs) osporava antropocentrizam kritičke pedagogije i navodi kako treba uzeti u obzir i druge razlike između zapadnjačkog i autohtonog svjetonazora u svrhu postizanja transformativnih ciljeva. Približavajući se preseku domorodačkih perspektiva i pedagogije iz druge perspektive, kritička pedagogija mjesta ispituje utjecaje mjesta.

U učionici
Ira Shor, profesor na Gradskom sveučilištu u New Yorku, daje primjer korištenja kritičke pedagogije. On razvija ove teme promatrajući uporabu metoda poučavanja Freirea u kontekstu svakodnevnog života u učionicama, posebice u institucionalnim okruženjima, te predlaže preispitivanje i rekonstrukciju čitavog kurikuluma. Također, zagovara promjenu uloge učenika iz objekta u aktivni, kritički subjekt pri čemu bi učenici kroz procese u učionici mogli početi zamišljati i težiti nečem drugačijem.

Naravno, postizanje takvog cilja ne odvija se automatski niti je jednostavno, jer navodi kako je uloga učitelja kritična za ovaj proces. Učitelji trebaju pomoći učenicima da se odvoje od bezuvjetnog prihvaćanja vlastitog postojanja. Jednom kada se to postigne, učenici se mogu pripremiti za ponovni kritički ulazak u preispitivanje svakodnevnog života. U razrednom okruženju koje to postiže, jedan od potencijalnih rezultata je da učenici sami preuzmu veću odgovornost za razred. Moć se tako raspoređuje unutar skupine, a uloga učitelja postaje mnogo promjenjivija i izazovnija. To potiče rast intelektualnog karaktera svakog učenika, umjesto da je samo imitacija stila profesora.

Zagovornici kritičke pedagogije inzistiraju na tome da su sami učitelji vitalni za raspravu o reformi obrazovanja utemeljenoj na standardima u Sjedinjenim Državama, jer je pedagogija koja od učenika traži učenje ili od učitelja podučavanje izvana nametnutih informacija primjer bankarskog modela obrazovanja koji je postavio Freire gdje strukture znanja ostaju neistražene. Za kritičkog pedagoga, nastavni čin mora uključivati i društvenu kritiku uz njegovanje intelekta.

Joe L. Kincheloe tvrdi da je to u izravnoj suprotnosti s epistemološkim konceptom pozitivizma koji podrazumijeva predvidljivost društvenih akcija. U ovoj filozofiji nastavnik i njegovi učenici koristili bi se obrazovanjem utemeljenim na standardima prema kojima postoji jedan ispravan način podučavanja i prema kojem su svi isti bez obzira na rasu, klasu ili spol. Koncept Donalda Schöna o "neodređenoj zoni prakse" ilustrira kako je bilo koja praksa, posebno ona s ljudskim subjektima svojem središtu, beskonačno složena i oštro osporavana, što pojačava nespremnost kritičkog pedagoga da primjenjuje univerzalne prakse.

Otpor učenika
Studenti se ponekad opiru kritičkoj pedagogiji. Otpor učenika prema kritičkoj pedagogiji može se pripisati brojnim razlozima, primjerice mogu biti iz ideoloških razloga, vjerskih ili moralnih uvjerenja, straha od kritike ili neugodnosti oko kontroverznih pitanja. Karen Kopelson tvrdi da je otpor na nove informacije ili ideologije, uvedene u učionici, prirodan odgovor na uvjerljive poruke koje nisu upoznate. Da bi prevladali otpor studenata prema kritičkoj pedagogiji, nastavnici moraju donijeti strateške mjere kako bi se učenicima pomoglo u suočavanju s kontroverznim temama.

Kritička pedagogija nastave
Nagle promjene u demografiji učionica u Sjedinjenim Državama rezultirale su jezičnom i kulturnom raznolikošću. Da bi odgovorili na ove promjene, zagovornici kritičke pedagogije dovode u pitanje fokus na praktične vještine nastavničkih programa. Budući kritički pedagog vidi podučavanje kao urođeni politički čin, važniji element obrazovanja učitelja postaje razmatranje implicitnih pristranosti (poznatih i kao implicitna kognicija ili implicitni stereotipi) koje mogu podsvjesno utjecati na učiteljevu percepciju o sposobnost učenika za učenje.

Zagovornici kritičke pedagogije inzistiraju na tome da nastavnici moraju postati učenici uz vlastite učenike, te potom i njihovi učenici. Moraju postati stručnjaci izvan svog područja znanja i upoznati se s kulturom, običajima i iskustvima učenika koje žele podučavati.

Pedagogija

Kritička pedagogija


Hamid Sultanov (en azéri : Həmid Həsən oğlu Sultanov, né le  à Qazakh et mort en 1938) est un homme politique azerbaїdjanais.

Biographie
Hamid Sultanov fait ses études au gymnase à Tiflis, et en 1906 il retourne à Bakou. En travaillant à Balakhani, il mène una propagande politique pour la révolution parmi les ouvriers dans les champs de pétrole de Ramana. Il est connu comme un défendeur de la cause de prolétariat. En 1908, il est arrêté et poursuivit par la police après la libération. Il émigre en Allemagne où il poursuit ses études et obtient le diplôme de l'Institut Polytechnique de Leipzig.

Vie politique
Il est l'un des participants actifs à la grève générale des ouvriers de Bakou en 1914. En 1917, Sultanov devient membre du comité central de l'organisation Hummet et, à partir de décembre de la même année, membre du comité exécutif du conseil de Bakou. En 1918, il est secrétaire exécutif du siège central de la Garde rouge, membre de la Verkhovna Rada de Bakou, autorisé par le Conseil des commissaires du peuple de Bakou et vice-président du comité exécutif des Soviets des députés paysans d'ouezd de Bakou. Après la chute du pouvoir soviétique en Azerbaïdjan Hamid Sultanov déménage à Astrakhan, où il devient le président du bureau musulman du comité provincial d'Astrakhan. En été 1919, il est envoyé en Transcaucase pour le travail clandestin avec Buniatzade et Naneishivili.

Postes occupés
Le , le gouvernement de la République démocratique d'Azerbaїdjan est renversé par les bolcheviks et les travailleurs. H. Sultanov entre dans Comité militaire révolutionnaire d'Azerbaïdjan (Azrevkom). Il est nommé commissaire du peuple aux affaires intérieures, restant à ce poste jusqu'au . Il dirige la construction du chemin de fer Julfa-Bakou, conçu avant la Première Guerre mondiale. Il est Président du Soviet des commissaires du peuple de la République Autonome de Nakhtchivan, Secrétaire du Comité Central exécutif de la RSS d'Azerbaїdjan. Il est directement impliqué dans la mise en œuvre de mesures répressives contre les dirigeants de l'éphémère République démocratique d'Azerbaïdjan et notamment en ordonnant l'exécution de centaines de personnes arrêtées pour leur implication dans la révolte de Gandja en 1920. En 1938, il devient victime des répressions politiques.

Mémoire
Plaque commémorative est installée sur le mur du bâtiment de l'ambassade d'Iran à Bakou, où vivaient Ayna et Hamid Sultanov.

Décoration
Ordre du Drapeau rouge d'Azerbaïdjan (1921).

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en mai 1889
Décès en janvier 1938
Personnalité politique azerbaïdjanaise
Décès à 48 ans

Hamid Sultanov


Pacatian (; ; died c. 248) was a usurper in the Danube area of the Roman Empire during the time of Philip the Arab.

He is known from coins, and from mentions in Zosimus and Zonaras, who say that he was an officer in one of the Danube legions. According to Zosimus, the revolts of Pacatian in Moesia (he probably controlled Viminacium) and Jotapian in Syria prompted Philip to make an offer to the Roman Senate to step down, but the senator Decius (who was sent by Philip to deal with the rebellion), correctly predicted that Pacatian would soon be killed by his own men before his own arrival.

External links

 Körner essay on usurpers
 Pacatianus coinage

248 deaths
3rd-century Roman usurpers
Crisis of the Third Century
Moesia
Year of birth unknown
Claudii

Pacatian


Familiar Roads er det fjerde studiealbum fra den danske poprock-duo Sko/Torp. Det udkom den 26. august 1996 på Medley Records og var gruppens sidste studiealbum i de kommende 14 år, da de gik fra hinanden i 1997. Først i 2004 blev duoen gendannet, og først i 2010 udkom deres næste studiealbum Heartland.

Ifølge sanger Søren Sko er duoen gået væk fra den countryprægede lyd, og trækker i stedet på soulreferencer som Sam Cooke og Nat King Cole. Albummet er også mere moderne end tidligere: "Vi har formået at bruge nogle maskiner på en ny måde, og vi er gået væk fra, at musikken skal være bygget op om et orkester, der spiller på rigtige ting og sager." Tekstmæssigt har Søren Sko "lagt lidt mindre vægt på historier og lidt mere vægt på stemninger i Palles musik."

Albummet solgte kun 19.000, hvilket var mindre end halvdelen af det foregående album Hey You!, der var solgt i over 40.000.

Spor
Alle sange er skrevet af Sko/Torp.
 "I Ain't Got Too Many Problems" – 4:10
 "I'm Down" – 4:42
 "Sweet Imagination" – 4:15
 "Nobody Loves You (Like I Do)" – 4:15
 "Baby, Baby, Baby" – 4:28
 "Bring the Girls On" – 4:28
 "Cupid & Venus" – 4:16
 "If You Where My Brother" – 3:12
 "Nothing Like Lovin'" – 4:10
 "Need No Reason (On a Perfect Day)" – 3:46
 "If the Water Should Fall" – 4:17
 "Angel Days" – 4:57

Hitliste

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 A Perfect Day  på Discogs

Debutalbum fra 1996
Sko/Torp-album
Debutalbum fra Danmark

A Perfect Day


Santa Cruz de Bezana, İspanya'nın on yedi özerk bölgesinden, ülkenin kuzey sahilinde Kantabria Denizi olarak da anılan Atlas Okyanusu'nun Fransa ile İspanya arasındaki bölümüne kıyısı bulunan, Kantabria otonom bölgesine bağlı belediye. Santa Cruz de Bezana belediyesinin nüfusu 2002 yılı nüfus sayımlarına göre 8.828 kişidir.

Kantabria'nın belediyeleri

Santa Cruz de Bezana


Neoklasik akımın başlangıcı sayılabilecek olan albüm Yngwie Johann Malmsteen'in ilk albümüdür. Ayrıca söz konusu sanatçının ilk solo albümüdür.

 1."Black Star" [enstrümental] (4:51)
 2."Far Beyond the Sun" [enstrümental] (5:49) (ilk solo kaydı)
 3."Now Your Ships Are Burned" (4:09)
 4."Evil Eye" [enstrümental] (5:12)
 5."Icarus' Dream Suite, Op. 4" [enstrümental](8:30)
 6."As Above, So Below" (4:36)
 7."Little Savage" [enstrümental](5:21)
 8."Farewell" [enstrümental] (0:48)

Yngwie Malmsteen albümleri
Polydor Records albümleri

Rising Force


Kazalište Ivan Goran Kovačić je hrvatska kazališna kuća iz Zagreba.
Osnovana je 1948. godine u okviru Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.
Nalazi se na Opatovini 11 u Zagrebu.

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena stranica

Hrvatske kazališne kuće i trupe
Kultura u Zagrebu

Kazalište Ivan Goran Kovačić


Gibbs Township ist der Name folgender Townships in den Vereinigten Staaten:

* Gibbs Township (North Dakota)
 Gibbs Township (Oklahoma)

Gibbs Township


وداعًا للسلاح  هي رواية كتبها إرنست همينغوي خلال الحملة الإيطالية في الحرب العالمية الأولى، ونشرت عام 1929، وعنوانها مأخوذ من قصيدة للكاتب المسرحي الإنجليزي جورج بيليه والذي عاش في القرن السادس عشر.

تروي الرواية على لسان الأمريكي فريدريك هنري، والذي يحمل رتبة ملازم في المستشفى الميداني للجيش الإيطالي، وتدور أحداثها حول علاقة حب تنشأ بين المغترب الأميركي هنري وكاترين باركلي على خلفية الحرب العالمية الأولى، من هزل الجنود والقتال ونزوح السكان.

وقد عزز نشر «وداعًا للسلاح» مكانة هيمنجواي ككاتب أميركي معاصر ، حيث كانت أولى رواياته الأكثر مبيعًا، وقد وصفها كاتب السيرة مايكل رينولدز بأنها رواية الحرب الأمريكية الرائدة التي تناولت مأساة الحرب العالمية الأولى.
ولقد تحولت الرواية في الفترة من عام 1930 وما بعدها إلى فيلم في عام 1932 وعام 1957، وإلى مسلسل تليفزيوني عام 1966.
و لقد صوّر فيلم «في الحب والحرب»، الذي انتج عام 1996 من اخراج ريتشارد أتينبورو وبطولة ساندرا بولوك، حياة هيمنجواى في إيطاليا كسائق سيارة اسعاف في الأحداث السابقة على كتابته لـ «وداعًا للسلاح».

قصة الرواية

تنقسم الرواية إلى خمس أجزاء، ففي الجزء الأول يقدم رينالدي فريدريك هنري لكاثرين باركلي، فيحاول اغراءها وتبدأ العلاقة بينهما، ثم يتعرض فريدريك على الجبهة الايطالية للإصابة في الركبة بقذيفة هاون ويتم نقله إلى مستشفى ميلانو.

و في الجزء الثاني، تتطور العلاقة بين فريدريك وكاثرين بينما يقضيان الوقت معًا في ميلانو خلال الصيف، ويقع فريدريك في حب كاثرين والتي تكتشف عندما يكتمل شفائه انها حامل منذ ثلاثة شهور.

ثم يعود فريدريك إلى الوحدة في الجزء الثالث، ولا يمض كثيرًا من الوقت قبل أن يخترق النمساويون الخطوط الايطالية في معركة «كابوريتو» فيتراجع الإيطاليون.

ويُقتل فريدريك رقيبًا مهندسًا.و بعد تخلفه عن الجيش وعودته مرة أخرى، يأخذ شرطة المعركة فريدريك إلى حيث يتم استجواب الضباط واعدامهم بتهمة «الخيانة» التي يفترض انها قد أدت إلى هزيمة إيطاليا، ولكنه بعد سماعه أن كل من تم استجوابهم قد قتلوا يهرب بالقفز في النهر.

وفي الجزء الأخير، يعيش فريدريك وكاثرين حياة هادئة في الجبال، وبعد ولادة طويلة ومؤلمة، يولد ابنهما ميتًا وتتعرض كاثرين لنزيف سرعان ما تموت بعده تاركة فريدريك ليعود وحده إلى الفندق تحت المطر.

الرقابة

استُبدلت الشتائم في الطبعات الأولى بشرطات، حيث طبعت نسختين على الأقل قام هيمنجواي فيهما باعادة ادراج النص الخاضع للرقابة بخط اليد بحيث يوفر نصًا صحيحًا، وقد قدمت أحد هاتين النسختين لموريس كويندرو والأخرى لجيمس جويس.
و لم يُدرج نص هيمنجواي المعدل ضمن الطبعات التي نشرت حديثًا للرواية، ومع ذلك هناك بعض الاصدارات من الكتب الصوتية الغير خاضعة للرقابة.

لم يُسمح بنشر الرواية في إيطاليا حتي عام بسبب النظام الفاشي الذي كان يري انها تمس شرف القوات المسلحة من حيث تصويرها لمعركة كابوريتو ولتضمنها نزعة معينة مضادة للعسكرية، وانما كُتبت الترجمة الايطالية للرواية بشكل غير شرعي عام 1943 على يد فرناندا بيفانو، الأمر الذي أدي إلى حبسها في تورينو.

الخلفية وتاريخ النشر

استند هيمنجواي في روايته على خبراته الخاصة عند خدمته في الحملات الايطالية خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى، كلما ألهمته شخصية " كاثرين باركلي الممرضة "اغينس فون كوروواسكي"، وهي ممرضة اعتنت به في مستشفي ميلان عندما أصيب، وكان ينوي الزواج بها لكنها رفضت حبه عندما عاد إلى أمريكا.

النقد الموجه للرواية

كتب غور فيدال عن النص: «انه عمل طموح نستطيع من خلاله أن نري نبرة دقيقة ومتقنة لا تخلو من بعض البلاهة الصادقة التي ميزت أعمال هيمنجواي منذ ذلك الحين»

التناول الفني للرواية

كان أول تناول فني للرواية على يد «لورانس ستولينجز» عام 1930، حيث قدم الرواية إلى المسرح، وبعدها قٌدمت كفيلم عام 1932 ثم أٌعيد انتاجها عام 1957، ثم تحولت بعد ذلك إلى مسلسل تليفزيوني من ثلاثة أجزاء عام 1966.

وفي عام 2014، تعاونت الشركة البريطانية «ايميتاتنج ذا دوج - محاكاة الكلب» مع مسرح الدوق، لانكستر، لانتاج عمل مسرحية يتضمن عرض فيديو، والذين قاما بجولة في انجلترا وإيطاليا.

في الثقافة الشعبية

كانت «وداعًا للأرض» أحد العناوين التي وضعها ستانلي كوبريك في اعتباره في البداية لفيلم الخيال العلمي 2001: أوديسة الفضاء، كذكرى لرواية إرنست همنغواي.

كانت رواية «وداعًا للسلاح» أول كتاب يقرأه بات سوليتانو (الأخ برادلى كوبر) في فيلم «المعالجة بالسعادة»، حيث أصيب «بات» بخيبة أمل كبيرة في نهاية الرواية، مما جعله يقذف بها من نافذة العلية في منتصف الليل.

المراجع

المصادر
 بيكر، كارلوس (1972). همنغواي: الكاتب كفنان. رينستون: UP. ISBN 978-0-691-01305-3
 أوليفر، تشارلز (1999). إرنست همنغواي من الألف للياء: المرجع الأساسي لحياته أعماله. نيويورك. ISBN 978-0-8160-3467-3

وصلات خارجية

 أرشيفات هيمنجواي

 وداعًا للسلاح، أرشيف الإنترنت

روايات أمريكية اقتبست سينمائيا
روايات أمريكية حولت إلى عروض تلفزيونية
روايات أمريكية حولت إلى مسرحيات
روايات أمريكية في 1929
روايات الحرب العالمية الأولى
روايات إرنست همنغواي
روايات تجري أحداثها في إيطاليا
روايات تجري أحداثها في سويسرا
روايات حداثية
روايات حربية أمريكية
روايات رومانسية
روايات سير ذاتية أمريكية
روايات مناهضة للحرب
روايات نشرت أولا بشكل سلسلة
مؤلفات إرنست هيمنغواي

وداعا للسلاح (رواية)


Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe (5 December 1924 – 27 February 1978) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary and founding member of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), serving as the first president of the organization.

Sobukwe was regarded as a strong proponent of an Africanist future for South Africa and opposed political collaboration with anyone other than Africans, defining "African" as anyone who lives in and pays allegiance to Africa and who is prepared to subject themselves to African majority rule. In March 1960, Sobukwe organized and launched a non-violent protest campaign against pass laws, for which he was sentenced to three years in prison on grounds of incitement. In 1963, the enactment of the "Sobukwe Clause," allowed an indefinite renewal of his prison sentence, and Sobukwe was subsequently relocated to Robben Island for solitary confinement. At the end of his sixth year at Robben Island, he was released and placed under house arrest until his death in 1978.

Early life

Childhood: 1924–1947
Sobukwe was born in Graaff-Reinet in the Eastern Cape Province on 5 December 1924, as the youngest child of Hubert and Angelina Sobukwe. While his father who was from Lesotho worked as a general store clerk and part-time woodcutter, Sobukwe's Xhosa mother served as a domestic worker in white homes. He grew up in a poor household and was educated at a local Methodist mission for primary school. At age 15, Sobukwe continued and eventually completed his secondary education at the Healdtown Institute, which provided a Methodist Christian and liberal arts education to all students.

Fort Hare: 1947–1949
In 1947, Sobukwe enrolled at the South African Native College at Fort Hare, the premier undergraduate institution for black students of his time. Although Sobukwe was initially not interested in politics, his study of Native Administration (relating to the administration of South Africa's Bantustans), combined with his exposure to politics at Fort Hare, made Sobukwe keener to the topic.

*He joined the African National Congress Youth League (ANCYL) in 1948. The organisation had been established on the university campus by Godfrey Pitje, who later became its president. In 1949, Sobukwe was elected as the first president of the Fort Hare Students' Representative Council, where he proved himself to be a distinguished orator.

Mainstream politics

Standerton: 1950–1954
In 1950, Sobukwe was appointed as a teacher at a high school in Standerton, a position he lost when he spoke out in favour of the Defiance Campaign in 1952; he was, however, later reinstated. In 1952, Sobukwe achieved notoriety backing the Defiance Campaign. During this period he was not directly involved with mainstream ANC activities, but still held the position of secretary of the organisation's branch in Standerton.

Johannesburg: 1954–1959
In 1954, after moving to Johannesburg, Sobukwe became a lecturer of African Studies at the University of the Witwatersrand. During his time in Johannesburg he became editor of The Africanist newspaper and soon began to criticise the ANC for allowing itself to be dominated by sympathizers of the Progressive Party, which he termed "liberal-left-multi-racialists". He was an ardent supporter of Africanist views about liberation in South Africa and rejected the idea of working with Whites.

Pan-Africanist Congress: 1959–1960

Formation and ideology
Sobukwe was a strong believer in an Africanist future for South Africa and rejected any model suggesting working with anyone other than Africans, defining African as anyone who lives in and pays his allegiance to Africa and who is prepared to subject himself to African majority rule. He grew discontented with the progress of the liberation struggle during the 1950s, in which the apartheid government continually introduced new means to suppress the liberation struggle. Resonating with many members of the ANC, Sobukwe had become impatient with the ANC's inability to achieve results. He later left the ANC to form the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC), and was elected its first President in 1959.

Sobukwe became known as the Professor or simply "Prof" to his close comrades and followers, a testament to his educational achievements and powers of speech and persuasion. He spoke of the need for black South Africans to "liberate themselves" without the help of non-Africans; Sobukwe defined non-Africans as anyone who lives in Africa or abroad Africa and who does not pay his allegiance to Africa and who is not prepared to subject himself to African majority rule. His strong convictions and active resistance inspired many other individuals and organisations involved in the anti-apartheid movement, notably the Black Consciousness Movement).

Sobukwe argued that whites should be excluded from the ANC as it was impossible to have a relationship between blacks and whites until further progress had been made. He argued that a reliance on whites would disempower the realization that many of these Africans had, that they had the power to overtake a society that had been taken from them. Sobukwe rejected collaboration with sympathetic whites as he considered such multi-racial cooperation between slave owner and slave as an "ungodly alliance" before equality was attained.

Anti-pass campaign of 1960
On 21 March 1960, the PAC led a nationwide protest against the pass laws which required black people to carry a pass book at all times. Sobukwe led a march to the local police station at Orlando, Soweto, in order to openly defy the laws. He was joined en route by a few followers and, after presenting his pass to a police officer, he purposely made himself guilty under the terms of the pass law of being present in a region/area other than that allowed as per his papers. In a similar protest on the same day in Sharpeville, police opened fire on a crowd of PAC supporters, killing 69 in the Sharpeville Massacre. In the aftermath, Sobukwe was taken without a fair trial and both the ANC and PAC were banned. Other organizations such as Steve Bikos's Black Consciousness Movement were inspired by the actions of Sobukwe.

Imprisonment

Initial imprisonment: 1960–1963
Following Sobukwe's arrest after the Sharpeville massacre, he was charged with and convicted of incitement, and sentenced to three years in prison. He served one year of his sentence in Witbank Prison (1960—1961) followed by two years in Pretoria Gaol (1961—1963).

Robben Island: 1963–1969
As the end of Sobukwe's three-year sentence approached, the National Party parliament passed the General Law Amendment Act, which introduced a clause allowing for political dissidents to be indefinitely detained. This allowed Sobukwe's sentence to be renewed for an additional six years, which he spent on Robben Island. The clause became known as the "Sobukwe Clause" as no other individual was sentenced under this provision. At Robben Island, Sobukwe was in company of other revolutionaries in liberation struggle such as Nelson Mandela, Johnson Mlambo, and John Nyathi Pokela, among many others.Sobukwe was kept in solitary confinement but enjoyed a unique prisoner-plus status; he was permitted certain privileges including books, magazines, newspapers, civilian clothing, etc. He lived in a separate area on the island and was strictly prohibited from contact with other prisoners, though Sobukwe was able to communicate sporadically through visual signals while outside for exercise. He studied during this time and received (among others) a degree in economics from the University of London. It is speculated that Sobukwe was subjected to this special treatment because the South African government had profiled him as a greater troublemaker than the regular ANC prisoners. Sobukwe's son disputes terming this treatment as "special".

Throughout his imprisonment, Sobukwe maintained communication with his friend Benjamin Pogrund who later became his biographer.

House arrest: 1969–1978
As authorities recognized Sobukwe's deteriorating physical and mental health, he was released from Robben Island in 1969. Sobukwe was allowed to live in Kimberley with his family but remained under house arrest. Kimberley was suggested as an area where he could not easily foster subversive activities and also a place where he could live and work while being easily monitored by the state. He was also restricted through a banning order, which disallowed political activities.

Various restrictions barred Sobukwe from travelling overseas, thus curtailing his attempts to further his education. For this same reason, he had to turn down several positions as a teacher at various locations in the United States. Sobukwe completed his law degree with the help of a local lawyer, in Galeshewe, and he then started his own practice in 1975 in Kimberley.

Illness and death
In early 1977, Sobukwe fell ill and applied for permission to receive medical treatment; his request was denied indefinitely until the intervention of his friend Benjamin Pogrund. Subsequently, in September 1977, Sobukwe travelled to Johannesburg where he was diagnosed with lung cancer and then transferred to a hospital in Cape Town. Although the South African government granted Sobukwe access to treatment, they imposed strict conditions on his travel; Sobukwe was required to report to a police station every time he left Kimberley or arrived at the hospital. He died from complications of lung cancer on 27 February 1978 and was buried in Graaff-Reinet on 11 March 1978.

Legacy
Sobukwe has become a key historical figure in the black liberation struggle of South Africa. His vision of a society dedicated to individual rights, irrespective of race or ethnicity, is shared by many of his contemporaries such as in elements of the ANC and Pan-Africanists.:478 In Sobukwe's 1959 PAC inaugural speech, he shared a sentiment that continues to be quoted by anti-racism rhetoric in popular media, as he stated:There is only one race to which we all belong, and that is the human race. In our vocabulary therefore, the word 'race' as applied to man, has no plural form.Following Sobukwe's imprisonment and the official South African banning of the anti-apartheid parties in 1960, the influence of the Pan-Africanist Congress steadily waned and was eventually overshadowed again by the African National Congress. The PAC, along with many other anti-apartheid organizations, were forced to move to underground operations. Under the leadership of Potlako Leballo, the PAC came to sponsor and create a paramilitary wing Poqo. Leballo's revolutionary rhetoric inspired the planning of violent operations, ultimately leading to the public arrest of 3,246 PAC and Poqo members.

In 2012, Robert Sobukwe Street in Pretoria (formerly known as Esselen Street) was renamed after him in commemoration of his contributions to the black liberation struggle. Similarly, in 2013, Robert Sobukwe Road in Cape Town (formerly known as Modderdam Road) was renamed after him. Central Block at the University of the Witwatersrand was renamed to Robert Sobukwe Block in 2016 following major support among students and alumni.

See also
Benjamin Pogrund, author of Robert Sobukwe's biography Sobukwe and Apartheid (1990) and How Can Man Die Better: The Life of Robert Sobukwe (2003)
List of people subject to banning orders under apartheid

References

External links
Robert Sobukwe - Leader of The Africanist
Collection of historical papers on Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe at The University of the Witwatersrand Library
 Austil Mathebula, "Robert Sobukwe, a lesser known hero", The Citizen, 19 March 2015
 Robert Sobukwe: 'There is only one race. The human race.', South Africa Gateway, 21 March 2023
 Robert Sobukwe - A Tribute To Integrity - Kevin Harris - 1996 on YouTube

1924 births
1978 deaths
Alumni of the University of London
Anti-apartheid activists
Inmates of Robben Island
Pan Africanist Congress of Azania politicians
People from Graaff-Reinet
South African Methodists
South African pan-Africanists
University of Fort Hare alumni
Xhosa people

Robert Sobukwe


Two ships of the Royal Australian Navy have been named HMAS Bendigo, for the city of Bendigo, Victoria.

 , a  laid down in 1940 and sold into civilian service in 1946.
 , a  laid down in 1981 and decommissioned in 2006.

Battle honours
Ships named HMAS Bendigo have been awarded three battle honours.
 Pacific 1942–44
 New Guinea 1942–44
 Okinawa 1945

References

Royal Australian Navy ship names

HMAS Bendigo


Rabo de Peixe é uma série de televisão via streaming de origem portuguesa, dos géneros thriller e drama baseada em factos reais criada por Augusto Fraga para a plataforma Netflix. A série segue um jovem pescador (Eduardo) e os seus amigos (Rafael, Silvia, Carlinhos) que encontram um riacho escondido cheio de cocaína na costa da vila  de Rabo de Peixe, na Ilha de São Miguel. Eles decidem vender a droga, mas logo enfrentam a ira do traficante que a possui, a polícia que está atrás dela e uma série de eventos imprevisíveis que colocam as suas vidas em risco. A série apresenta José Condessa, Helena Caldeira, André Leitão, Rodrigo Tomás, Maria João Bastos e Albano Jerónimo no elenco principal.

A série, que é a segunda série original portuguesa da Netflix, estreou a 26 de maio de 2023, composta por 7 episódios. Chegou a ficar em 10º lugar no top mundial de visualizações da Netflix a 29 de maio, em 7º a 30 de maio, e em 6º a 1 de junho, estando no Top 10 de 33 países.

A 15 de junho de 2023, a série foi renovada para uma segunda temporada.

Sinopse
A história passa-se na freguesia açoriana de Rabo de Peixe, quando uma tonelada de cocaína dá à costa, mudando por completo a vida dos seus habitantes. Eduardo, um jovem pescador, e os seus amigos começam a vender a cocaína. Mas, uma tonelada de cocaína não passa despercebida e os nossos protagonistas irão enfrentar os donos desta droga, a polícia e uma série de personagens imprevisíveis numa aventura perigosa e sem retorno.

História verídica
Rabo de Peixe (Turn of the Tide em inglês) é vagamente baseado numa história verídica. Em 2001, uma grande quantidade de cocaína deu à costa em Rabo de Peixe. Muitos habitantes da vila decidiram experimentar a droga. Como não estavam muito habituados e a cocaína era muito pura, um número significativo de pessoas acabou por ir parar ao hospital com uma overdose, tendo alguns até morrido. Outros ainda vendiam o produto a 25 euros por cada copo de cerveja cheio. Infelizmente, o caso deixou a sua marca; muitos habitantes de Rabo de Peixe continuam viciados.

Elenco

Elenco principal

 José Condessa como Eduardo Melo
 Helena Caldeira como Sílvia Arruda
 André Leitão como Carlos «Carlinhos»
 Rodrigo Tomás como Rafael Medeiros
 Maria João Bastos como Inspetora Frias
 Albano Jerónimo como Arruda

Elenco recorrente

 Afonso Pimentel como Ian
 Kelly Bailey como Bruna
 Pêpê Rapazote como Uncle Joe
 Francesco Acquaroli como Monti
 Adriano Carvalho como Jeremias Melo
 Marcantonio Del Carlo como Francesco Bonino

Elenco adicional

 Dinarte de Freitas como José «Zé do Frango»
 Salvador Martinha como Inspetor Francisco
 João Pedro Vaz como Banha
 Luísa Cruz como Valentina
 David Medeiros como Lavrador
 Miguel Damião como Padre António
 Benedita Pereira como Elvira Dutra
 Romeu Bairos como Sandro G
 Rafael Morais como Morcela
 José Medeiros como Recluso
 Daniela Ruah como Fátima
 Tomás Furtado de Melo como Polícia #1
 Keven Santos como Polícia #2
 Luís Henrique Matos como Marcelino
 Frederico Amaral como Ferrugem
 Maria João Falcão como Gisela
 Ana Lopes como Repórter
 Nelson Cabral como Empregado do Hotel
 Fiumani como Gianluca

Episódios

Críticas
Rabo de Peixe tem uma apresentação, um aparato, uma solidez global e ambições bastante acima da média nacional, sendo o espelho de uma camada social mergulhada na pobreza. A aclamação da droga e o uso excessivo de palavrões, foi algo que chocou alguns dos espectadores, assim como (de uma maneira positiva), a beleza inegável dos Açores e a captação na perfeição a simplicidade das casas tradicionais portuguesas, revestidas de azulejos. O principal aspeto negativo, feito de forma unânime pelo público e pelos críticos, é a não existência de um critério bem definido para a forma como as personagens locais falam. «Se algumas se expressam sem sombra de sotaque, noutras (caso da de Albano Jerónimo), o sotaque tanto lá está "em fundo", como se esbate e desaparece, e noutras ainda, quase todas secundárias ou que têm participações fugazes, ele está presente e é cerradinho. Em Rabo de Peixe não há homogeneidade de linguagem, ela é "flutuante", na melhor das hipóteses», conclui um dos críticos de televisão.

Ligações externas

!Artigos novos
Séries de televisão de Portugal
Séries de televisão ambientadas na década de 2000
Séries de televisão ambientadas em Portugal
Programas de televisão de Portugal que estrearam em 2023
Programas da Netflix

Rabo de Peixe (série de televisão)


Yann Tiersen (d. 23 Haziran 1970, Brest), deneysel, minimalist Fransız müzisyen, multi-enstrümantalist. Eserlerinde genellikle piyano, akordeon, keman ve ailesi, gitar kullanır. Bunların dışında toy piyano, carillon, banjo, mandolin, harpsikord, vibrafon, bas gitar ve melodika enstrumanlarını çalmakta ve müziğine yerleştirmektedir.

Eleştirmenler kendisini Erik Satie, Nino Rota ve the Penguin Café Orchestra gibi isimlerle bir arada anarlar. Pek çok ödül kazanan soundtrack albümleri dahil tüm albümleri BMG Music Publishing tarafından çıkarılmıştır.

Biyografi
Yann Tiersen Brest'te doğmuştur. İlkgençliğini Rennes, Nantes, Boulogne gibi pek çok müzik akademisinde eğitim alarak geçirmiş, bu eğitimin ardından çeşitli rock gruplarına girmiştir. İlk albümünü yayınlamadan önce, çeşitli oyunlar ve kısa filmler için kayıtlar yapmıştır.

Fransa'da, 1998 yılında yayınladığı üçüncü albümü "La Phare" ile ünlenmiş, dünya çapındaki ünü ise 2001 yapımı Jean-Pierre Jenuet filmi Le fabuleux destin d'Amélie Poulain için yaptığı, eski şarkılarının ve yeni bestelerinin bir karışımı olan soundtrack albümü ile başlamıştır. Amélie filminden önce, müziklerini yaptığı diğer filmler Erick Zonca yönetmenliğindeki La Vie Rêvée des Anges (Meleklerin Düş Yaşamı) (1998),bu filmde rol alan belçikalı aktris Natacha Régnier ile uzun bir süre birlikteliği olmuştur. André Téchiné yönetmenliğindeki Alice et Martin (1998) ve Christine Carrière yönetmenliğindeki Qui Plume la Lune? (1999)'dur. Amélie'den sonraki soundtrack çalışması ise bir Alman yapımı olan Good Bye Lenin / Elveda Lenin (2003, Wolfgang Becker) filmi için olmuştur.

Tiersen'in albümlerindeki eserlerin çoğu enstrümantaldır. Bir kısmını da sanatçı kendisi seslendirmiş ya da çeşitli konuk sanatçılarla çalışmıştır. Çalıştığı sanatçılar her bir albümde daha da çoğalmış ve müziği büyük bir kolektif çalışmanın ürünü haline gelmiştir. Beşinci stüdyo albümü olan L'absente'de, Tiersen, Françoiz Breut ve Les Têtes Raides gibi isimlerle işbirliği içinde bulunmuştur. 2005 albümü Les Retrouvailles'de Tindersticks grubundan Stuart A Staples, Cocteau Twins grubundan Elizabeth Fraser ve sanatçı Jane Birkin vokallerde konuk sanatçı olarak katılmış, Tiersen de buna karşılık olarak Staples'in solo albümü "Lucky Dog Recordings 03-04"te piyanosuyla eşlik etmiştir.

Tiersen'in canlı performanslarının birbirine veya albümlerine benzediği söylenemez. Değişik enstrümanları birleştirerek ve enstrümanların sınırlarını zorlayarak farklı sesler elde eden sanatçı, bu seslerle de çeşitli doğaçlamalar yapmakta ve seyircisine de bu müzikal mücadeleyi yaşatmaktadır. Zaman zaman büyük bir orkestra ve pek çok konuk sanatçıyla konserlerine çıkan Tiersen, kimi konserlerinde de minimalist bir tavır sergileyerek sadece ritim, bas ve gitar eşliği kullanmaktadır. Konserlerinin bir kısmını sanatçı Dominique A'nın eşliğiyle gerçekleştiren müzisyen, son konserleri ve DVD kayıtları ile "Amélie", "Elveda Lenin" ve "La Phare"ın etkisinden bir hayli uzaklaştığını göstermiş, müziğinde daha sert sesler ve ritimler kullanmaya başlamış, emprovist bir şekilde psychedelic tarza yöneldiğini ortaya koymuştur. 2 Ağustos 2006'daki Türkiye konserinde de, bu yönde bir performans sergileyen Tiersen, hayranları tarafından defalarca bise çağrılmıştır.

Sanatçı Paris'te yaşamını sürdürmektedir.

Diskografi

Dış bağlantılar

 Yann Tiersen Resmi Sitesi
 Resmi olmayan sitesi ve forumu
 "IMDB"de Yann Tiersen
 LastFm'de Yann Tiersen
 Yann Tiersen kişisel ve resmi Myspace

1970 doğumlular
Bretanya doğumlular
Fransız besteciler
Fransız söz yazarları
Fransız film müziği bestecileri
Belçika asıllı Fransızlar
Hollanda asıllı Fransızlar
Norveç asıllı Fransızlar
Yaşayan insanlar

Yann Tiersen


Se llaman versos arquilóquicos a dos metros o medidas poéticas que Arquíloco inventó o renovó.

Comprenden el metro o arte menor, que consta de dos dáctilos y medio y el metro o arte mayor formado por cuatro dáctilos y tres espondeos. la unión de un verso de los de primera clase con el siguiente dímetro yámbico se llama elegiamba y jambelego si está invertida la disposición de los dos miembros del dímetro yámbico. Estos cuatro metros se emplean en las cuatro clases de estrofas de arte arquilóquico; en las primeras alterna el hexámetro con el verso arquilóquico menor (Horacio, Oda IV), en las segundas un hexámetro con el jambelego (Horacio, Epodo 13) en las terceras un trímetro yámbico con el elegiambo (Horacio, Epodo 11), en las de cuarta clase el verso de arte arquíloco mayor con el trímetro yámbico cataléctico (Horacio, Oda I)

Referencias

Métrica grecolatina

Versos arquilóquicos


මොහම්මද් නසීම් යනු ඉන්දියානු නිරූපණ ශිල්පියකු සහ රූපවාහිනී නළුවෙකි. ඔහු සිය රූපවාහිනී ආගමනය සනිටුහන් කළේ ශෞර්යා ඕර් සුහානි කතාමාලාව තුළිනි. ඔහු වඩාත් ප්‍රචලිත වූයේ  සාත් නිභානා සාතියා රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලාවේ ඇහෙම්ගේ චරිතය නිසායි.

නසීම් උපත ලැබූයේ පන්ජාබයේ ය. ඔහු මුම්බායිහි ජීවත් වේ. ඔහු සිය අධ්‍යාපනය අවසන් කළේ කොල්කතාවෙනි. ඔහු සිය බොලිවුඩ් ආගමනය සනිටුහන් කළේ ප්ලොට් නම්බර් 666 චිත්‍රපටයෙනි.

රූපවාහිනිය
2009 ශෞර්යා ඕර් සුහානි
2010 සී.අයි.ඩී. : ටොරන් ලෙස (කථාංගය 607 – මියගිය බොක්සිං ක්‍රීඩකයා)
2010–වර්තමානය සාත් නිභානා සාතියා : ඇහෙම් පරාග් මෝදි/ ජග්ගි පරාග් මෝදි ලෙස
2014–15 බොක්ස් ක්‍රිකට් ලීගය : ඔහු ලෙසම
2015–වර්තමානය සුන්දර් සුශීල් බාහු : වරුන් ලෙස
2016 කොමඩි ක්ලාසස් : ඔහු ලෙසම
2016 බොක්ස් ක්‍රිකට් ලීගය 2 : තරගකරුවකු ලෙස

චිත්‍රපට
2014 ප්ලොට් නම්බර් 666 - මැක් ලෙස

සම්මාන

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

ජීවත්වන්නෝ
ඉන්දියාවේ පන්ජාබයේ ජනයා
ඉන්දියානු රූපවාහිනී නළුවෝ
ඉන්දියානු සෝප් ඔපෙරා නළුවෝ
පන්ජාබි ජනයා

මොහම්මද් නසීම්


Stationer er en rejsefilm fra 1986 instrueret af Rumle Hammerich efter manuskript af Arne Bro, Rumle Hammerich.

Handling
En oplevelsesrejse med tog gennem Danmarks landskaber, miljøer og arkitektur. Og en rejse fuld af episoder mennesker imellem, som de tager sug ud for morfar, der tager fra Himmerland til København for at møde sit barnebarn på Hovedbanegården. Drengens rejse er foregået fra Københavns omegn.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Rejsefilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1986

Stationer


Zoe Petrovansky, née le  à Geelong, est une joueuse professionnelle de squash représentant l'Australie. Elle atteint, en , la  place mondiale sur le circuit international, son meilleur classement.

Biographie

Palmarès

Titres
 Australia Day Challenge : 2010

Finales

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Équipe d'Australie féminine de squash

Liens externes

Joueuse australienne de squash
Naissance en février 1990
Naissance à Geelong

Zoe Petrovansky


Kreolska stijena () je mali otok u Karipskom moru blizu obale otoka Saint Martin, a njime se upravlja kao dijelom francuskog prekomorskog kolektiva Sveti Martin. Dio je nacionalnog rezervata prirode Saint-Martin. Stijena ima površinu od 0.2 km2 i nenaseljena je.

Uz obalu stijene je greben i mnoštvo riba. To je popularno odredište za ronjenje, sa plitkim morem i pješčanim dnom. Iako je zabranjeno penjanje na samu stijenu, čamcima je dopušten pristup u blizini dok god koriste vez.

Izvori

Reljefni oblici u zajednici Sveti Martin
Francuski otoci u Karipskom moru
Zavjetrinski otoci (Antili)

Kreolska stijena


Robert Bredow (* 9. Oktober 1885 in Heubuden, Kreis Marienburg (Westpreußen); † nach 1946) war ein deutscher Gewerkschafter und Politiker (SPD).

Leben
Robert Bredow wurde als Sohn eines Eisenbahnbeamten geboren. Nach dem Volksschulabschluss erlernte er das Metallformerhandwerk und arbeitete anschließend in diesem Beruf. Daneben besuchte er die Fach- und Fortbildungsschule. Er betätigte sich gewerkschaftlich und arbeitete von November 1921 bis 1933 als Gewerkschaftssekretär beim ADGB-Ortsausschuss Berlin, dessen Vorsitz er 1928 übernahm. Des Weiteren übte er ehrenamtliche Tätigkeiten aus, z. B. am Arbeitsamt und am Arbeitsgericht. Von 1932 bis 1933 war er Mitglied des Preußischen Landtages.

Bredow zog 1933 nach Frankfurt (Oder), war mehrere Jahre arbeitslos und arbeitete später in der Versicherungsbranche. In dieser Zeit wurde er mehrfach von den Nationalsozialisten in Konzentrationslagern inhaftiert. Nach dem Kriegsende war er Vorsitzender der SPD Treptow.

Literatur
 Ernst Kienast (Hrsg.): Handbuch für den Preußischen Landtag, Ausgabe für die 5. Wahlperiode, Berlin 1933, S. 313.

Weblinks

Mitglied des Preußischen Landtags (Freistaat Preußen)
ADGB-Funktionär
SPD-Mitglied
KZ-Häftling
Deutscher
Geboren 1885
Gestorben im 20. Jahrhundert
Mann

Robert Bredow


Les épreuves de tir à la corde des Jeux mondiaux de 2022 ont lieu du 14 au  au stade d'athlétisme de l'université de Birmingham. Trois épreuves en extérieur figurent au programme :  hommes,  femmes et  mixte. Il n'y a pas d'épreuve en salle pour cette édition.

Organisation
Six équipes masculines et six équipes féminines sont qualifiés pour la compétition :

Bien qu'étant pays hôte, les États-Unis sont absents de la compétition.

Résultats
Légende :

Hommes ()

Tour préliminaire

Phase finale

Femmes ()

Tour préliminaire

Phase finale

Mixte ()

Tour préliminaire

Phase finale

Classements finaux

Médaillés

Tableau des médailles

Références

Liens externes

 Livre des résultats

Jeux mondiaux de 2022
Tir à la corde

Tir à la corde aux Jeux mondiaux de 2022


Tre principper for folket er en politisk filosofi udviklet af Sun Yat-sen som en del af en filosofi for at gøre Kina til en fri, velstående og magtfuld nation. De tre principper for folket oversættes ofte til nationalisme.

Kilder og henvisninger

Nationalisme
Kinas politik
Politisk filosofi

Tre principper for folket


Gugan Gupta est le fondateur et PDG d'Arise IIP, Arise IS et Arise P&L, trois verticales d'un opérateur industriel panafricain.

Origines et formation
Gagan Gupta est né le 10 mai 1975 au Rajasthan, en Inde. Il est titulaire d'une licence en commerce de l'Université de Delhi et d'une certification  de l'(ICAI).

Carrière

Début de carrière
Comptable agréé et contrôleur de gestion, il commence sa carrière au sein des services financiers des filiales indiennes de Reebok et de Reckitt Benckiser.

En 2008, à l'âge de 33 ans, il est nommé à la tête des activités gabonaises d'Olam International Limited.

À partir de 2010, Gagan Gupta est successivement nommé responsable pays, directeur des opérations du groupe en Afrique centrale et directeur du développement commercial chez Olam International. Sur cette période, il met en place, au Gabon, des projets agroalimentaires d'envergure dans le cadre de partenariats public-privé (PPP). Ces derniers permettent la plantation de  de palmiers à huile, de  d'hévéas et de  de cultures diverses pour le programme . Il a également inauguré la zone économique spéciale de Nkok (GSEZ) en 2010. La GSEZ est le premier partenariat public-privé dans le secteur des infrastructures gabonaises entre Olam International Ltd. (40,5 %), la Société Financière Africaine (AFC) (21 %) et la République gabonaise. La zone industrielle, spécialisée dans la transformation du bois, rassemble 140 investisseurs provenant de 18 pays et opère dans 17 secteurs. Selon Les Échos, la GSEZ aurait créé, en 2022, 7 000 emplois directs et 16 000 emplois indirects et comptera 85 usines opérationnelles à la fin de la même année.

Jusqu'à 2017, Gagan Gupta entreprend d'autres projets d'infrastructure importants au Gabon, notamment le programme d'électrification rurale GSEZ Infras, la gestion de l'aéroport de Libreville, l'inauguration du port minéralier d'Owendo (OMP) en août 2016, et le nouveau port international d'Owendo (NOIP), opérationnel depuis juin 2017.

Création d'Arise

En 2018, Gagan Gupta déploie le modèle d'entreprise de GSEZ en Afrique de l'Ouest sous le nom d'Arise, une entreprise panafricaine qui conçoit, finance, construit et gère des zones industrielles, des routes, des ports et d'autres infrastructures critiques.

Fin 2019, il réorganise les activités d'Arise, en trois entités distinctes : Arise Ports & Logistics (P&L), spécialisée dans les opérations logistiques portuaires, Arise Integrated Industrial Platforms (IIP), axée sur le développement des écosystèmes industriels, et Arise Infrastructure Services (IS) spécialisée dans toutes les autres infrastructures.

En février 2021, Olam International a conclu des accords définitifs avec Africa Transformation and Industrialization Fund, un fonds d'investissement basé à Abu Dhabi et créé par des employés d'Arise. Les deux sociétés finalisent ainsi la cession des parts restantes d'Olam dans Arise IIP et IS.

Déploiement d'Arise
Déjà établi au Gabon, Arise IIP étend rapidement son activité en Côte d'Ivoire (novembre 2020), au Bénin (février 2021), au Togo (août 2021), au Nigéria (avril 2022), au Rwanda (septembre 2022), en République démocratique du Congo (septembre 2022), au Congo et au Sénégal. Sous sa direction, Arise crée un modèle permettant aux pays africains de mieux rentabiliser leur production de matières premières grâce à des investissements ciblés. La réduction des exportations de matières premières brutes d'Afrique vers l'Asie et vers d'autres régions au profit d'une transformation locale permet de réduire les émissions carbone, de raccourcir les chaînes d'approvisionnement et de remodeler les capacités logistiques nationales.

Au Bénin, Arise est en charge de l'aménagement, le développement et l'exploitation de la Zone Economique Spéciale de Glo Djigbé.

En 2021, la GSEZ reçoit la certification ISO 14064-1 . Gagan Gupta voit celle-ci comme un . Au sein de la GSEZ est aussi créée l'agence Tracer, en partenariat avec Forest Resources Management et Brainforest, pour certifier l'origine du bois transformé et ainsi lutter contre l'exploitation illégale des forêts au Gabon.

En juin 2021, Gagan Gupta inaugure la plate-forme industrielle d'Adétikopé (PIA) au Togo, destinée à l'industrie du coton et constitue un partenariat gouvernemental de plus de 200 millions de dollars couvrant une superficie de 400 hectares. Les exportations du Togo comprennent le coton, le soja, les noix de cajou, le bois et le calcaire (marbre). Ces exportations de coton brut de 60 000 tonnes valent 75 millions de dollars, mais grâce à la fabrication locale, elles pourraient atteindre environ 1 milliard de dollars d'ici 2025.

En juin 2022, Gupta dirige la collaboration d'Arise IIP avec Afreximbank pour mettre en place des laboratoires de contrôle, d'inspection et de certification des biens produits par les utilisateurs des parcs industriels d'Arise, sur la base du Centre africain d'assurance qualité (AQAC). L'objectif est de remédier à la non-conformité aux normes internationales, aux réglementations techniques et à la certification des produits locaux destinés à l'exportation.

Le même mois, il dirige l'accord d'Arise avec le Congo pour développer deux nouveaux partenariats public-privé industriels à Ouesso et Pointe-Noire, axés sur la transformation des produits forestiers et agricoles. Les projets visent à promouvoir et à attirer des investissements multisectoriels et commerciaux dans le pays et à développer les industries de transformation du bois et des produits agroalimentaires de première, deuxième ou troisième transformation.

En septembre 2022, au Rwanda, Gagan Gupta mène les négociations pour la signature d'un accord-cadre pour le développement d'une zone industrielle dans le Bugesera. Cette dernière doit permettre des investissements industriels et commerciaux multisectoriels dans le pays, afin de développer la transformation locale de matières premières en produits à haute valeur ajoutée. La zone économique spéciale du Rwanda doit être entièrement opérationnelle pour 2025, la construction démarrant en 2022.

Le même mois, il conduit les négociations de l'accord conclu par Arise avec la RDC pour développer la zone industrielle de Kin-Malebo, à 40 km de Kinshasa. Axée sur la transformation des produits forestiers et agricoles, la zone accueillera également des entreprises spécialisées dans le secteur pharmaceutique, le recyclage du plastique, les appareils ménagers, les véhicules électriques et d'autres industries de transformation.

Vie privée
Gagan Gupta, est marié et père de deux enfants.

Pratiquant la course à pied, Gagan Gupta joue un rôle clé dans la création du Marathon du Gabon en faisant d'Olam le premier sponsor officiel de cette compétition. L'épreuve fait partie en 2015 du circuit international des IAAF Road Race Label Events, dans la catégorie des « Labels de bronze ».

Distinctions
En 2022, Gagan Gupta est nommé vice-président du Giants Club en reconnaissance de ses efforts pour favoriser une industrialisation durable et respectueuse de l'environnement, ainsi que pour la création de la première zone économique spéciale neutre en carbone (GSEZ) d'Afrique. Le Giants Club soutient les gouvernements africains dans la protection de leurs ressources naturelles et promeut le développement économique.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Article connexe
 Olam
 Gabon Special Economic Zone

Liens externes
 .
 .

Naissance en mai 1975
Naissance au Rajasthan
Chef d'entreprise indien
Gabon
Économie au Gabon

Gagan Gupta


متحف الفنون الجميلة في بوسطن بولاية ماساشوستس هو أحد أكبر المتاحف في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، ويستقبل المتحف أكثر من مليون زائر سنوياً. يضم المتحف أكثر من 450 ألف عمل فني. وقد أنشئ المتحف في عام 1870 وأخذ المتحف مقره الحالي في عام 1909. يتبع للمتحف كلية متحف الفنون الجميلة، فضلاً عن متحف شقيق في ناجويا في اليابان.

انظر أيضًا

 إليانور نوركروس

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي لمتحف الفنون الجميلة في بوسطن

تأسيسات سنة 1870 في ماساتشوستس
ثقافة بوسطن
متاحف الشرق الأوسط القديم
متاحف الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
متاحف في بوسطن
متاحف في متحف الفن الأمريكي في سميثسونيان
متاحف في روما القديمة الولايات المتحدة
متاحف في اليونان القديمة الولايات المتحدة
متاحف فنية ومعارض في ماساتشوستس

متحف الفنون الجميلة في بوسطن


Papinsko lateransko sveučilište (tal. Pontificia Università Lateranense, skr. PUL) je sveučilište papinskog prava sa sjedištem u Rimu, u ekstrateritorijalnoj zoni Svete Stolice u Lateranu. Ima predstavništva u četrdesetak zemalja svijeta i dodjeljuje znanstvene diplome priznate na međunarodnoj razini. Na Sveučilištu je nekoliko fakulteta: Pravni, Kanonskopravni, Filozofski i Teološki. Otvoreno je za studente svećenike i laike.

Povijest
Papinsko lateransko sveučilište je na poseban način Papino". Ove riječi svetoga Ivana Pavla II. izrečene povodom njegova posjeta Sveučilištu 16. veljače 1980., ukratko opisuju Sveučilište čiji korijeni datiraju iz 1773. godine, kada je papa Klement XIV. dokinuo Družbu Isusovu, te povjerio fakultet teologije i filozofije Rimskoga Zavoda (Collegio Romano) kleru Rimske biskupije. "

Sveučilište danas
Temeljna formacija, specijalizacija i doktorski studij ponuđeni su na četirima fakultetima (teologija, filozofija, kanonsko pravo i civilno pravo), te na dvama institutima (pastoralna teologija i Utriusque Iuris). Osim spomenutih, na Sveučilištu postoje i uklopljeni instituti namijenjeni za specijalizaciju iz teologije, zadržavajući istovremeno svoju autonomiju: Papinska akademija Alfonsiana (poslijediplomski sveučilišni institut moralne teologije), Institut za patrologiju Augustinianum,  Institut teologije posvećenog života Claretianum, Međunarodni institut za pastoralnu teologiju u zdravstvu Camillianum.

Rektori sveučilišta
 svećenik Roberto Ronca † (1930. - 1932.)
 svećenik Pio Paschini † (1932. - 1957.)
 monsinjor Antonio Piolanti † (1957. - 1969.)
 monsinjor Pietro Pavan † (1969. - 1973.)
 monsinjor Franco Biffi † (1974. - 1983.)
 biskup Pietro Rossano † (1983. - 1991.)
 svećenik Umberto Betti, O. F. M. † (1991. - 1995.)
 biskup Angelo Scola (1995. - 2002.)
 biskup Rino Fisichella (2002. - 2010.)
 biskup Enrico dal Covolo (2010. - )

Izvor: GCatholic

Veliki kancelari
 kardinal Luigi Tragliata † (1965. - 1968.)
 kardinal Angelo Dell'Acqua, O. Ss.C.A. † (1968. - 1972.)
 kardinal Ugo Poletti † (1973. - 1991.)
 kardinal Camillo Ruini (1991. - 2008.)
 kardinal Agostino Vallini (2008. -

Povezani članci
 Sveta Stolica
 Rimska Biskupija
 Papinska akademija Alfonsiana

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena stranica Papinskog lateranskog sveučilišta: pul.it

Papinska sveučilišta
Vatikan

Papinsko lateransko sveučilište


Papirüs, eski zamanlarda yazı yüzeyi olarak kullanılan kalın kağıda benzer bir malzemedir. Sulak bir saz olan papirüs bitkisinin (Cyperus papyrus) özünden yapılmıştır. Papirüs aynı zamanda, bu tür materyallerin üzerine yazılmış, yan yana birleştirilen ve bir kitabın erken formu olan bir parşömen halinde yuvarlanan bir belgeyi de ifade edebilir.

Papirüs bitkisinin, bir zamanlar Nil Deltası boyunca bol olduğu için, ilk olarak Mısır'da (en azından Birinci Hanedanlığa kadar) kullanıldığı bilinmektedir. Ayrıca tüm Akdeniz bölgesinde ve Kush Krallığı'nda da kullanıldı. Eski Mısırlılar, bir yazı malzemesinin yanı sıra, kamış tekneleri, hasırlar, ipler, sandaletler ve sepetler gibi diğer eserlerin yapımında papirüs kullandılar.

Tarih
Eski Mısırlıların yelken, bez, hasır ve yazı kağıdı olarak kullandıkları papirüs onlardan Yunanlara daha sonra Romalılara intikal etti ve MS 3. yüzyılda yerini parşömen alıncaya dek kullanımı sürdürüldü.

Türkiye, İzmir' de de neolitik dönemin sonlarında kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.

Yunanca papirüs kelimesi Kıptice'den alınmış ve neredeyse tüm batı dillerine girmiştir (İngilizce, Almanca, Fransızca Papyrus, Rusça папирус, İspanyolca, İtalyanca papiro)

Gilan eyaletinde konuşulan Gilanice papirüs kelimesi "sigara tütünü" anlamına gelir.

İngilizce paper "kâğıt" ve Türk argosunda "para" anlamına gelen "papel" kelimelerinin de orijininin bu kelime olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

Özel

Genel

 Leach, Bridget, and William John Tait. 2000. "Papyrus". In Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology, edited by Paul T. Nicholson and Ian Shaw. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 227–253. Thorough technical discussion with extensive bibliography.
 Leach, Bridget, and William John Tait. 2001. "Papyrus". In The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, edited by Donald Bruce Redford. Vol. 3 of 3 vols. Oxford, New York, and Cairo: Oxford University Press and The American University in Cairo Press. 22–24.
 Parkinson, Richard Bruce, and Stephen G. J. Quirke. 1995. Papyrus. Egyptian Bookshelf. London: British Museum Press. General overview for a popular reading audience.
 Özhan Öztürk (2005). Karadeniz: Ansiklopedik Sözlük. 2 Cilt. Heyamola Yayıncılık. İstanbul. ISBN 975-6121-00-9

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar
 Horst Blanck: Das Buch in der Antike. Beck, München 1992,
 Rosemarie Drenkhahn: Papyrus. In: Wolfgang Helck, Wolfhart Westendorf (eds.): Lexikon der Ägyptologie. vol. IV, Wiesbaden 1982, Spalte 667–670
 David Diringer, The Book before Printing: Ancient, Medieval and Oriental, Dover Publications, New York 1982, pp. 113–169, .
 Victor Martin (Hrsg.): Ménandre. Le Dyscolos. Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, Cologny – Genève 1958
 Otto Mazal: Griechisch-römische Antike. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt, Graz 1999,  (Geschichte der Buchkultur; vol. 1)

Dış bağlantılar

 Leuven Homepage of Papyrus Collections
 Ancient Egyptian Papyrus – Aldokkan
 Yale Papyrus Collection Database at the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University
 Lund University Library Papyrus Collection
 Ghent University Library Papyrus Collection

 Finding aid to the Advanced Papyrological Information System records at Columbia University. Rare Book & Manuscript Library.

Nil Deltası
Antik Mısır'da kültür
Mısırlı icatları
Yazı ortamları
Papiroloji
Kâğıt
Yazı

Papirüs


Fındıksuyu, Sakarya ilinin Geyve ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Sakarya il merkezine 35 km, Geyve ilçesine 20 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Geyve'nin mahalleleri

Fındıksuyu, Geyve