Broad Street was a major rail terminal in the City of London, adjacent to Liverpool Street station. It served as the main terminus of the North London Railway (NLR) network, running from 1865 to 1986. During its lifetime, it catered for mainly local suburban services around London, and over time struggled to compete with other modes of transport, leading to its closure.

The station was built as a joint venture by the NLR and the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) in order to have a station serving freight closer to the City. It was immediately successful for both goods and passenger services, and saw a significant increase in NLR traffic. Usage peaked in the early 20th century, after which it suffered from competition from London trams, buses and, especially, the London Underground network. Patronage gradually fell and services decreased, while the building became increasingly dilapidated.

Freight services were withdrawn towards the end of the 1960s and the station closed in 1986. The station building was replaced by Broadgate, an office and retail complex, while part of the connecting line to the station was reinstated in 2010 as part of the London Overground.

Location
The station was sited at the junction of Broad Street and Liverpool Street in the Broad Street ward of the City of London, with Liverpool Street station immediately to the east. It was near Liverpool Street and  tube stations.

History

The station was proposed by the North London Railway (NLR). The line originally opened as the East & West India Docks & Birmingham Junction Railway in 1850, in order to transport freight between the London and Birmingham Railway and the London Docklands. By the time it had been renamed to the NLR in 1853, passenger traffic had grown in equal importance, so it was decided to build a station with direct access to the City.

Opening
The London and North Western Railway (LNWR) was also keen to have a goods depot in the City, and agreed to help the NLR fund the new extension. The connecting line to Broad Street (via the Kingsland Viaduct) was authorised by the North London Railway Act of 22 July 1861. The work involved a  extension from Kingsland down towards Broad Street, and required the demolition of numerous properties in Shoreditch and Haggerston. During construction of the terminus, a large burial ground was unearthed, exposing human remains. This may have been a result of the plague, or burial pits from Bethlehem Hospital. The overall cost of the station and extension was £1.2m (£m in ).

The station was opened on 1 November 1865 as the terminus of a network of commuter railways linking east and west London via the looping route of the NLR, originally with seven platforms and three approach tracks. The main building was designed by William Baker and constructed in an Italianate style and a Second Empire style roof. The frontage was  long and  wide, constructed from white Suffolk brick and Peterhead granite, with a  clock tower as a centrepiece.

Initial services were to ,  and  via . Services to Watford began on 1 September 1866. Cheap fares for the working class were available from the outset. A goods station was built next to the passenger station, opening to traffic on 18 May 1868. It was constructed on a deck, and a hydraulic lift was provided to move wagons down to warehouses below. Because of this, the station used only  of land, which was convenient owing to the high price of land in the City.

Expansion and development
Broad Street was an immediate success and caused NLR traffic to double in a short space of time. A fourth approach line was added in 1874, a further (eighth) platform in 1891, and a final (ninth) platform in 1913. Two covered footbridges were added at the front of the main building in 1890 in order to provide direct access from the street to the platforms.

At its peak at the turn of the 20th century, Broad Street was the third-busiest station in London (after Liverpool Street and Victoria). At this time, more than one train per minute arrived or departed Broad Street during rush hour, with over 27 million passengers in 1902. The Great Northern Railway also used Broad Street as a supplement to its King's Cross terminal to the west. On 1 February 1910, the LNWR introduced a "City to City" service from Broad Street to ,  and . The service only lasted for a few years, before being withdrawn on 22 February 1915 as a result of World War I. Nevertheless, the majority of Broad Street's traffic was local suburban services.

Decline

In the early years of the 20th century, the North London Line suffered a reduction in passengers and, especially, revenue, owing to the expansion of the bus, tram and Underground networks. In 1909, the NLR passed general handling of trains to the LNWR. By 1913, numbers had dropped to 44.6 per cent compared to 1900, and by 1921 to only 23.3 per cent and the patronage of Broad Street station declined accordingly. On 8 September 1915, the station was damaged by a Zeppelin attack.

In the face of the competition, the governing board finally decided to electrify the NLR, on the two-conductor-rail at 600 V DC system, and electrified passenger services started on 1 October 1916, using Oerlikon rolling stock, though the Watford service was not electrified until 10 July 1922. At the terminus, only the western five lines were ever electrified. Electrification appeared to stem the tide of passenger losses. Electric services to Richmond and Kew began on 1 October 1916, followed by peak services to Watford on 16 April 1917. The latter were increased to all-day services on 10 July 1922. By this time, there were four trains per hour to Richmond and two per hour to Watford. Steam services continued to Poplar, with a peak service to . These latter trains continued to use old livery, without modern conveniences such as heating and electric light, and were unpopular.

The station came under the ownership of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway as part of the Big Four grouping in 1923. The former GNR services from Broad Street were stopped completely in 1939 in order to accommodate essential World War II traffic. Broad Street was badly damaged during the war. The lines leading to the station were taken out of action after an overnight raid on 3–4 October 1940, closing the station for a number of days. Similar disruption occurred on 13 October and 11 November. The service to Shoreditch closed in 1940, while the service to Poplar was withdrawn on 14 May 1944 and never reinstated. A number of peak-season mainline trains to  used Broad Street to take pressure off King's Cross in the early 1950s, but otherwise only a small number of local services remained. The main station building was closed in 1957, after which passengers were directed to a new concourse-level hut at the platform entrance to buy tickets.

Curving around the north of London before turning south into the City, the North London Line was, for most passengers, a slower route into the financial district than alternative options like taking the Underground or changing at Euston or King's Cross. By 1960, only 41 trains carrying 6,400 passengers arrived at Broad Street in the three morning peak hours.

The line and station came in for criticism in the Beeching Report of 1963, whose recommendations resulted in the closing of many branch lines and stations across the country. Though Broad Street itself was not specifically listed for closure, it was earmarked as "stopping passenger services to be modified". The station was gradually run down and the level of service steadily reduced. In 1967 the major part of the train shed roof was removed, having become unsafe, while goods services were withdrawn on 27 January 1969. Four of the nine platforms were taken out of use in the same year. On 6 November 1976, peak-hour services to the Eastern Region via the Canonbury Spur were withdrawn with the opening of the Northern City Line, and an additional platform was disconnected. The station was by then very dilapidated, with vegetation growing between disused platforms, and most of the old goods area was used as a car park.

Closure

In 1979, British Rail was granted planning permission to completely redevelop Broad Street and Liverpool Street stations, and the latter took over the former's few services still remaining. This put Broad Street into a terminal decline. By 1985, 6,000 passengers per week were using Broad Street station and 300 arrived daily in the morning peak. From 13 May 1985, the service to  was diverted away from Broad Street, leaving the peak hour Watford Junction services.

It was agreed that Broad Street would be closed, trains being diverted to Liverpool Street once a new connecting chord was built from the North London Line. Until this was done, it was possible to accommodate this last service from the outer end of one platform, and, in November that year, demolition of the station began. The remaining single platform was used until 27 June 1986. The station was formally closed on 30 June, along with Dalston Junction, the other station serving the North London Line's City branch. Demolition of the station was completed by the end of 1986. The service from Watford to Liverpool Street was withdrawn on 28 September 1992. Primrose Hill station, the only station exclusively served by the route from Watford to the City, was closed at the same time.

Redevelopment

Broad Street station was completely demolished and replaced by the Broadgate office and shopping complex. Most of the Kingsland Viaduct leading to the North London Line remains largely intact, and has been restored to carry the London Overground along the old trackbed as far as . The former line over the Great Eastern Street viaduct to Broad Street has been used as a location for artists' studios, housed in converted Jubilee line Underground trains.

The Crossrail project, to construct a new underground railway line through central London, will have one of its new stations at Liverpool Street. A new ticket hall serving the Crossrail station will be built within the old Underground ticket hall with its entrance at 100 Liverpool Street, the old entrance to the Underground that served Broad Street, with the platforms themselves under the Broadgate complex.

A feature of the concourse was the  North London Railway war memorial. Made of white marble, it was installed on 10 February 1921, containing inscriptions of 64 names. The memorial commemorated the workers of the North London Railway company who lost their lives in 'The Great War'. Upon closure, the memorial was put in store at Richmond station in 1989. On 7 June 2011, it was rededicated outside Hoxton station by Rev James Westcott of St. Chad's Church and London's transport commissioner Peter Hendy.

Accidents and incidents
On 3 April 1891, 11 people were injured when a train from  hit the hydraulic buffer stops at Broad Street.
On 20 September 1898, 15 people were injured when a service from Richmond approaching Broad Street at slightly excessive speed ran into the buffers at the end of platform six. A Board of Trade report on the incident stated: "Fifteen passengers are reported to have complained of bruises or shock, and a few others have claimed compensation for damage to their hats." The train's driver testified: "I committed an error of judgment in not applying the brake quite soon enough."
On 18 August 1904, a train arriving into a Broad Street platform from Poplar collided with a service waiting to depart for Chalk Farm. Both trains were full and 56 passengers were injured. The Board of Trade investigation reported that "three of the injured had to be taken to hospital, but they were all able to proceed to their homes the same day." Six train crew members also complained of injury. An error on the part of the signaller was determined to be the primary cause of the collision.
On 20 March 1923, two people were injured when a train was rear-ended at Broad Street.

Cultural references
Paul McCartney's 1984 feature film and album of the same name, Give My Regards to Broad Street, makes reference to the station. In one of the last scenes of the film, McCartney walks into the station and sits alone on one of its benches.

Broad Street is the target of an unsuccessful IRA bombing in the fictional series Spooks; although set in 2002, Broad Street had been closed 16 years prior. Shots of Marylebone station were used.

References

Citations

Sources

Further reading
 Wayne Asher. 2015. A very Political Railway – the rescue of the North London Line.
HP White. 1971. A Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain, Volume 3 – Greater London.

External links

Railway termini in London
Former buildings and structures in the City of London
Disused railway stations in the City of London
Former North London Railway stations
Railway stations in Great Britain opened in 1865
Railway stations in Great Britain closed in 1986

Broad Street railway station (England)


Gorući grm može označavati:
 Gorući grm, pojava u Bibliji
 Gorući grm (Rutaceae), bijeli jasenak,  Dictamnus albus, biljna vrsta iz porodice Rutaceae
 Gorući grm (Celastraceae), krilasta kurika, okriljena kurika,  Eunymus alatus, biljna vrsta iz porodice  Celastraceae

Gorući grm (razdvojba)


Elaeocarpaceae, biljna porodica u redu ceceljolike (Oxalidales) čije ime dolazi po rodu uljeni plod (Eleocarpus). Sastoji se od oko 770 vrsta grmova i drveća unutar 12 rodova. Uz uljeni plod poznatiji rodovi su aristotelija (Aristotelia) i krinodendron (Crinodendron).

Opis
Elaeocarpaceae se sastoji od 12 rodova i 605 vrsta drveća i grmlja rasprostranjenih prvenstveno u tropima, osim u kopnenoj Africi (iako se neke vrste nalaze na Madagaskaru). Elaeocarpus i Sloanea čine više od polovice vrsta u porodici, a obje uključuju važna stabla. "Motillo" (S. berteriana) iz Kariba poznat je po svom teškom drvu, dok "karabin" (S. woollsii) daje svijetlo drvo. Uzgajaju se Elaeocarpus, Crinodendron i Aristotelia. Sjemenke Elaeocarpusa, poput onih "cejlonske masline" (E. serratus), često se jedu. Maqui bobice (Aristotelia chilensis) koriste se za izradu čileanskog vina i na glasu su da imaju ljekovita svojstva.

Rodovi
 Genus Aceratium DC.
 Genus Aristotelia L'Hér.
 Genus Crinodendron Molina
 Genus Dubouzetia Pancher ex Brongn. & Gris
 Genus Elaeocarpus Burm. ex L.
 Genus Peripentadenia L.S.Sm.
 Genus Platytheca Steetz
 Genus Sericolea Schltr.
 Genus Sloanea L.
 Genus Tetratheca Sm.
 Genus Tremandra R.Br. ex DC.
 Genus Vallea Mutis ex L.f.

Izvori

Ceceljolike

Elaeocarpaceae


Liu Yong () (approximately 984–1053), was a Chinese poet in Northern Song Dynasty. His original name was Liu Sanbian (Chinese: 柳三变), courtesy name was Jingzhuang (Chinese: 景庄), and he later changed his name to Liu Yong, courtesy name Qiqing (Chinese: 耆卿). He was born in Chong'an (崇安), Fujian, but his ancestral home was in present-day Yongji, Shanxi.

Liu Yong was ambitious to make achievements and contribute to serving the country from an early age. He had received an education for imperial examination, which lay a foundation for his poetry writing. However, he failed four times and his career as an officer was not well-off. He spent a lot of leisure days with sing-song girls to have fun, which truly influenced his writing style and images in his poems.

Liu Yong was the first poet who reformed Song Ci (宋词) poetry in a comprehensive way. The trend of long-form Song Ci poetry originated from him. Moreover, he has made great efforts creating a poem genre called "Slow poetry" or "Slow song form" (Chinese: 慢词), and made full use of vulgar words and common sayings. The genre combined mundane images with graceful descriptions. The use of incisive narrations, plain image depictions and other artistic expressions by Liu Yong has made a profound impact on Song Ci poetry in later ages. Liu Yong was also one of the representatives of Graceful and Euphemism school, which is called "Wan Yue Pai(婉约派)"in classical Chinese literature.

Life

Early years
Since there's no credible source explicitly recording Liu Yong's date of birth, scholars speculated that Liu Yong was born approximately in 980s (between 984-987). At that time, Liu Yong's father Liu Yi was an imperial court officer managing a town named "Feixian".

Since he was born into an official family, Liu Yong had received a high-quality education when he was young. In 990, Liu Yong moved to Quanzhou while his father was transferred there to be an officer.

Liu Yong showed his talent in Chinese literature from an early age. When Liu Yong was ten years old, he wrote his first article "exhorting (the importance of) learning" (劝学文).  And later in 998, Liu Yong wrote his first relatively well-known poem, "writing Zhongfeng Temple" (题中峰寺). Then, he gave the first trial on Song Ci poetry in 1001. The poetry was named "Clouds on Wu Mountain, Hiking in Caves" (巫山一段云·六六真游洞). It extolled the beauty of the landscape in Wuyi Mountain, which was located near his hometown.

Staying at Hangzhou and Suzhou

In the fifth year of the Reign of Emperor Xianping (1002), Liu Yong left his hometown planning to take the examination hosted by the Ministry of Rites(礼部) in the capital city Dongjing (where is called Kaifeng nowadays). However, while on the way to Dongjing, he greatly enjoyed the life of living in flourishing cities like Hangzhou and Suzhou, so he decided to provisionally stay. He immersed himself in viewing the beauty of nature there, and indulged in romantic relationships with sing-song girls. In order to make a living in Hangzhou, Liu Yong wrote lyrics for brothel songs. With his great talent in music perception and literary creation, his lyrics used to be extremely popular among the public. However, his lyrics with vulgar words and romantic themes are not accepted by other poets and scholars, and the upper class. They judged and criticized Liu Yong and his inverse actions to (Chinese) conventional etiquette(Confucian culture), which has also brought a negative impact on his later career.

In 1003, Liu Yong wrote a Song Ci poetry named "Viewing Sea Tides" (望海潮·东南形胜) as a greeting letter to Sun He, a competent and well-known officer in Song Dynasty. The poetry's popularity swept the region rapidly after its release. Since then, Liu Yong's talent in literacy had become more widely known by people. Between the years 1004 and 1007, Liu Yong wrote three poems in terms of recalling the memories he had while living in Suzhou and Hangzhou.

Failing the imperial examination
In 1008, Liu Yong went to the capital city, Bianjing (Dongjing), for the imperial examination in Spring, 1009. Though Liu Yong was confident in his talent and ability for positioning in a high rank and successfully becoming an imperial court officer. However, the result turned out that he failed his first trial. To express his depression and discontent, he wrote down one of his most famous Song Ci poetry "Crane Into the Sky" (鹤冲天·黄金榜上). But still holding hope for the next trial, Liu Yong wrote the poem "Like fish in waterr" (如鱼水·帝里疏散) after a period of time.

In 1015, Liu Yong took the imperial examination for the second time but failed again to achieve scholarly honor as Jinshi Degree (进士). In ancient Chinese Jinshi (进士) was the honor for the one who passed the final imperial examination. He became more frustrated and dejected for being crossed in both love and career. "Soldiers' Music"(征部乐·雅欢幽会) was written down at this time.

In 1018, he failed again by being rejected by the emperor. Officers with an indiscreet private life were criticized in ancient China. Liu Yong's actions of writing brothel lyrics and frequently contacting with courtesans have made his reputation bad, inducing his failure in examinations several times.

In 1024, after his fourth failure, Liu Yong left the capital in annoyance. Facing the departure with his lover, a famous Song Ci poetry which had been passed down through ages emerged. "Yu Lin Ling" (雨霖铃·寒蝉凄切) was created by Liu Yong.

Away from the Capital
After Liu Yong left Bianjing (Dongjing), he went to southern China by ship. Along his way to the south, he restarted his business in writing lyrics for songs, and the popularity of his lyrics and poetries rose as time went on. During the time Liu Yong moved from place to place, he wrote several poems to express his sentiments on the fast-passing years and nostalgia for the young adult period.

In 1029, Liu Yong came back to Bianjing (Dongjing), but left again feeling grieved that things were still flourishing in the Capital, but people changed.

Until 1034, the imperial examination loosened its standard when Song Ren emperor started to govern. Liu Yong returned to the capital from Ezhou to take the imperial examination again.

Career as an officer
In the first year of Jingyou's ruling (1034), Liu Yong was about 40, he eventually achieved the Jinshi (进士) degree and began his career as an officer. In February, Liu Yong went from Bianjing(Dongjing) to Muzhou to do his first job assigned by the Song imperial court. However, the suggestion from Liu Yong's higher officer to promote him was turned down. The reason given was "no positive achievement yet", meaning the reputation accumulated in earlier years was further affecting Liu Yong's career even though his talent and ability were approved.

Liu Yong successively served as officers in multiple positions afterward. In 1037, he was promoted to the position of Yuhang county magistrate, doing pretty well in managing the region and was loved by people. In 1039, Liu Yong was appointed as the officier at the "Hsiao-feng Salt Monopoly (Chinese:晓峰盐场)" in Zhejiang province. Touched by the tough lives of the salt workers there, he wrote the poem "Song of Boiling Sea-water", which made a huge impact on society and earned him a good fame as a "renowned officer(名宦)" by people.

In 1050, Liu Yong served as "Assistant Director of Military Colonies"(屯田员外郎), which was the highest official position in his career.

Works

Tune patterns
At least 127 kinds of tune patterns were used in Liu Yong's Ci, which were far more than other Ci poets at his stage. And even his works in the same tune patterns were not the same in format. They might not strictly follow the prescribed tune pattern and are slightly different in word counts and line divisions. What's more, Liu Yong invented some tune patterns and adventurously tried a lot of obscure tune patterns, which demonstrated his flexibility in creation.

Themes

Romantic themes
The first most popular theme among early scholar-poets was "boudoir feelings." These themes, however, are frequently conveyed in a more ornate and dramatic way, thus separating sensuality from reality. Liu Yong's lyrics are unique in its genuineness and directness.  Liu Yong's works are unique in their genuineness and directness. In the works designed for sing-song girls' performances, he tended to use highly vernacular expressions that truly and straightforwardly expressed a man's frailties. His living experiences in the brothels and his romantic relationships with sing-song girls not only helped him understand the lives and feelings of the women from the lower class, but also kept him up to date on the latest romantic Song Ci poetry.

The Siku Quanshu (Chinese: 四库全书 Synopsis of the Four Imperial Libraries) thus comments, "The Ci was originally a kind of seductive music, and Liu Yong's work was charming and intimately emotional, allowing people easy access to it, so though it is quite flawed by its vulgarity, there has been no end of people who have delighted in it." The following work "Feng ch'i wu 凤栖梧" is one of his representative romantic  Song Ci poetry.

To the tune "Phoenix in the Phoenix Tree"
(Feng ch'i wu 凤栖梧)

For long I stand at the window in the gentle breeze Staring into infinity at spring melancholy Somberly growing on the horizon. In the fading light, mist-shimmer on the grass Who can understand why I lean, wordless, on the balustrade?

伫倚危楼风细细,望极春愁,黯黯生天际。草色烟光残照里,无言谁会凭阑意。

I am determined to be reckless, plan a drunk. Here is wine, here is song. But in forced mirth is no flavor. It doesn't matter after all that my girdle grows looser She is worth being haggard for.

拟把疏狂图一醉⑺,对酒当歌,强乐还无味。衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊消得人憔悴。

Feelings about his life
Another common topic in Liu Yong's work was about his feelings in life, including his self-pity about his career and the agony of his loneliness. The following lyric "Ho ch'ung t'ien 鹤冲天" expressed his resentment after failing the emperial examination and the spurning of merit and flame.

To the tune "Crane in the Sky"
(Ho ch'ung t'ien 鹤冲天)

On the golden announcement board, My name failed to head the list. Neglected in an enlightened age Where is a good man to turn? If you fail to get ahead Why not let yourself go and have some fun? No need to weigh loss and gain The songwriter of genius Is an unofficial minister of state.

黄金榜上,偶失龙头望。明代暂遗贤,如何向。未遂风云便,争不恣游狂荡。何须论得丧?才子词人,自是白衣卿相。

The misty flowers in the lanes are, as on a painted screen. Happily someone there I know Worth paying a visit, To embrace red and green; In romantic affairs Finding a lifetime's pleasure. Verdant spring is gone in a moment And I am ready to exchange An ephemeral name for a cup of wine and a soft song.

烟花巷陌,依约丹青屏障。幸有意中人,堪寻访。且恁偎红倚翠,风流事,平生畅。青春都一饷⒂。忍把浮名,换了浅斟低唱。

Reflect the ordinary people's suffering
He cared about the hardships of working people's lives and sympathized with their sufferings. For example, the following poem "Song of Boiling Seawater (Chinese:煮海歌)," is a heptasyllabic poem written during his service as an officier at the "Hsiao-feng Salt Monopoly (Chinese:晓峰盐场)."  This poem criticizes repressive rulers and laments the misery of salt workers.

Song of Boiling Sea-Water
What do they live on, the people who boil sea water,

The women with no silk to weave, the men no plows?

How fragile the source of their livelihood!

When you finish boiling it in the cauldron, you pay it for taxes.

Spring and summer, year after year, the tide covers the shore,

When the tide recedes they scrape the sand into islands.

Dried by wind, baked by the sun, it grows more salt,

Washed with sea water, it makes a stream of brine;

As the brine thickens, they continuously sample the taste.

They go deep into endless hills to collect firewood

Regardless of panther tracks, tiger trails.

They depart with the sunrise and return at sunset;

Carried on the back or by boat, with no rest ever,

The wood they throw into the great furnace, blazing hot,

Burning by day, flaming through the night, until heaped up high

At last, is the snow they have made from the ocean's waves,

From pools of brine to flying flakes of frost.

For food to eat they had no choice but to borrow.

Now, weighed in at the official station, it brings a paltry price,

And every borrowed string of cash must be repaid with ten.

Around and around it goes and never stops

Government taxes still unpaid, the private rents now due.

They drive their wives, push their sons to work their share;

Their form is human, but their complexion is vegetable.

How bitter is life for the people who boil the water of the sea!

How can they make their parents rich, their sons not poor?

Under this dynasty not a creature loses its place;

I wish the royal kindness might spread to the shores of the sea,

Wash weapons and armor clean, put a stop to taxes in kind

So that our ruler may have a surplus and end the tax on salt.

In time of peace if the ministers will stick to salt!

We will be back to the happy days of Hsia, Shang, and Chou.

Influence
Liuyong had a seminal influence on the development of Ci (Song Ci poetry).  Due to his rich life experiences with disillusionment in his career and living among ordinary people, his ci has diverse contents and themes. So, he successfully expands the connotation context and aesthetic interest of Ci. Since his lyrics contain a lot of colloquial expressions that are easy to understand, his lyrics have extensive circulation among general people, which can be proved by a well-known proverb "where there is well water [where people reside], there are Liu's songs." Liu Yong was not only one of the most popular Ci poet in Song dynasty, but also a significant milestone in Ci genre. He carried forward Slow Ci (Slow Poetry), making them not only more varied in format but also richer in content. His innovative use of vivid colloquialisms in Ci has made Ci more accessible to the public.

References

External links

987 births
1053 deaths

Liu Yong (Song dynasty)


Mineralocorticoids are a class of corticosteroids, which in turn are a class of steroid hormones. Mineralocorticoids are produced in the adrenal cortex and influence salt and water balances (electrolyte balance and fluid balance). The primary mineralocorticoid is aldosterone.

Physiology
The name mineralocorticoid derives from early observations that these hormones were involved in the retention of sodium, a mineral. The primary endogenous mineralocorticoid is aldosterone, although a number of other endogenous hormones (including progesterone and deoxycorticosterone) have mineralocorticoid function.

Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to provide active reabsorption of sodium and an associated passive reabsorption of water, as well as the active secretion of potassium in the principal cells of the cortical collecting tubule and active secretion of protons via proton ATPases in the lumenal membrane of the intercalated cells of the collecting tubule. This in turn results in an increase of blood pressure and blood volume.

Aldosterone is produced in the zona glomerulosa of the cortex of the adrenal gland and its secretion is mediated principally by angiotensin II but also by adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and local potassium levels.

Mode of action
The effects of mineralocorticoids are mediated by slow genomic mechanisms through nuclear receptors as well as by fast nongenomic mechanisms through membrane-associated receptors and signaling cascades.

Genomic mechanisms
Mineralocorticoids bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor in the cell cytosol, and are able to freely cross the lipid bilayer of the cell. This type of receptor becomes activated upon ligand binding. After a hormone binds to the corresponding receptor, the newly formed receptor-ligand complex translocates into the cell nucleus, where it binds to many hormone response elements (HREs) in the promoter region of the target genes in the DNA.

The opposite mechanism is called transrepression. The hormone receptor without ligand binding interacts with heat shock proteins and prevents the transcription of targeted genes.

Aldosterone and cortisol (a glucosteroid) have similar affinity for the mineralocorticoid receptor; however, glucocorticoids circulate at roughly 100 times the level of mineralocorticoids. An enzyme exists in mineralocorticoid target tissues to prevent overstimulation by glucocorticoids. This enzyme, 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type II (Protein:HSD11B2), catalyzes the deactivation of glucocorticoids to 11-dehydro metabolites. Licorice is known to be an inhibitor of this enzyme and chronic consumption can result in a condition known as pseudohyperaldosteronism.

Pathophysiology
Hyperaldosteronism (the syndrome caused by elevated aldosterone) is commonly caused by either idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia or by an adrenal adenoma. The two main resulting problems:

 Hypertension and edema due to excessive Na+ and water retention.
 Accelerated excretion of potassium ions (K+). With extreme K+ loss there is muscle weakness and eventually paralysis.

Hypoaldosteronism (the syndrome caused by underproduction of aldosterone) leads to the salt-wasting state associated with Addison's disease, although classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia and other disease states may also cause this situation.  Acute underproduction (hemorrhagic adrenalitis) is often life-threatening.

Pharmacology

An example of a synthetic mineralocorticoid is fludrocortisone (Florinef).

Important antimineralocorticoids are spironolactone and eplerenone.

See also
 List of corticosteroids

References

Further reading

 Stewart P (2008): "The Adrenal Cortex " In: Kronenberg, Melmed, Polonsky, Larsen (eds.) Williams Textbook of Endocrinology (11 ed)., Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia, pp. 445–504.
 Bennett PN and Brown MJ (2008)  "Adrenal corticosteroids, antagonists, corticotropin", in Clinical Pharmacology (10ed), Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, Publ. pp. 593–607.
 Hu X, Funder JW (2006)  The evolution of mineralocorticoid receptors. Mol Endocrinol. 20(7):1471-8.
 McKay L, Renoir JM, Weigel NL, Wilson EM, McDonnell DP, Cidlowski JA. (2006)  International Union of Pharmacology. LXV. The pharmacology and classification of the nuclear receptor superfamily: glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, progesterone, and androgen receptors. Pharmacol Rev. Dec;58(4):782-97.
 Pippal JB, Fuller PJ. (2008)  Structure-function relationships in the mineralocorticoid receptor. J Mol Endocrinol. 41(6):405-13.

External links

Mineralocorticoid


Die Liaozhong-Ringautobahn (), chin. Abk. G91, ist eine im Bau befindliche ringförmige Autobahn rund um Shenyang in der Provinz Liaoning im Nordosten Chinas, die eine Länge von 399 km aufweisen wird. Derzeit sind lediglich die Abschnitte im Nordwesten, Westen und Südwesten fertiggestellt. Sie ist nach dem Kreis Liaozhong benannt, der rund 50 km südwestlich von Shenyang liegt.

Einzelnachweise

Autobahn in der Volksrepublik China
Straße in Asien
Straße in Liaoning
Ringautobahn

Liaozhong-Ringautobahn


බූම් බීව් යනු supercell සමගම නිපදවූ android සහ ios ක්‍රීඩාවකි. මෙය බොහෝ දෙනා online ක්‍රීඩා කරයි.

Boom beach


Norveç millî futbol takımı, Norveç'i uluslararası arenada temsil eden futbol takımıdır. 1938, 1994 ve 1998 yıllarında FIFA Dünya Kupası'na katılma başarısı gösteren Norveç son yıllarda fazla başarılı olamamıştır. Norveç millî futbol takımı iç saha maçlarını 25.572 kişilik Ullevaal Stadı'nda oynamaktadır.

Turnuva tarihi

FIFA Dünya Kupası tarihi

Avrupa Futbol Şampiyonası tarihi

UEFA Uluslar Ligi tarihi

Güncel kadro

Aşağıdaki oyuncular, sırasıyla 17 ve 20 Kasım 2022'de İrlanda ve Finlandiya ile hazırlık maçları için çağrıldı.

Finlandiya ile oynanan maçın ardından 20 Kasım 2022 itibarıyla maç kadrosu:

Kaynakça

Avrupa'da millî futbol takımları
Millî futbol takımı

Norveç millî futbol takımı


USS Bougainville may refer to:

  was a  in service from 1944 to 1946
  is a planned  expected to deliver in 2024

United States Navy ship names

USS Bougainville


Jánoshegy steht für:
 den ungarischen Namen der Gemeinde Kremnické Bane in der Slowakei
 einen Stadtteil im Bezirk Hegyvidék der Stadt Budapest in Ungarn

Jánoshegy


Naomi G. Jochnowitz () é uma matemática estadunidense, que trabalha com teoria algébrica dos números. É professora associada de matemática na Universidade de Rochester.

Jochnowitz obteve um Ph.D. em 1976 da Universidade Harvard. Sua tese, Congruences Between Modular Forms and Implications for the Hecke Algebra, foi orientada por Barry Mazur. Em Rochester é conhecida por seu entusiástico encorajamento e apoio para que os novos alunos participem do programa de matemática, o que contribuiu para um número triplicado de cursos de matemática de 1999 a 2002.

Em 2016 recebeu o Prêmio M. Gweneth Humphreys da Association for Women in Mathematics por sua orientação de estudantes de matemática e particularmente de mulheres em matemática. Também foi listada como finalista do "W" Award da Rochester Women's Network por sua orientação de mulheres em matemática. Em 2018 tornou-se uma das fellow inaugurais da Association for Women in Mathematics.

Referências

Membros da Association for Women in Mathematics
Professores da Universidade de Rochester
Matemáticas dos Estados Unidos
Matemáticos dos Estados Unidos do século XX
Matemáticos dos Estados Unidos do século XXI
Alunos da Universidade Harvard
Pessoas vivas

Naomi Jochnowitz


Pemmikan er kæfa gerð út þurrkuðu kjöti og feiti. Stundum inniheldur kæfan einnig þurrkuð ber. Pemmikan er orkuríkur matur sem  hefur frá fornu fari verið mikilvægur hluti af mataræði indjánaþjóðflokka  Norður-Ameríku. Orðið kemur úr máli Cree indjána. Skinnakaupmenn frá Evrópu sem störfuðu í Norður-Ameríku og Kanada reiddu sig einnig á pemmikan. Pemmikan var hluti af vistum í heimskautaleiðangrum og í könnunarleiðangrum um Norðurslóðir.

Matargerð

Pemmikan


Verma Station (Verma stasjon) er en tidligere jernbanestation, der ligger i landsbyen Verma i Rauma kommune på Raumabanen i Norge.

Stationen blev åbnet 25. november 1923 og fungerede som midlertidig endestation indtil færdiggørelsen af Raumabanen året efter. Den blev nedgraderet til trinbræt 1. juni 1970, og 29. maj 1988 ophørte betjeningen med persontog. Den fungerer dog stadig som krydsningsstation med to 335 m lange spor.

Stationsbygningen, der er opført i gulmalet træ, er tegnet af NSB Arkitektkontor ved Gudmund Hoel og Bjarne Friis Baastad. Oprindeligt havde stationen desuden remise og drejeskive.

Eksterne henvisninger

Litteratur

Noter

Stationer på Raumabanen
Jernbanestationer i Norge uden persontrafik
Etableret i 1923
Jernbanestationer i Møre og Romsdal

Verma Station


Schué ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Dieter Schué (* 1940), deutscher Schriftsteller
 Engelbert Schue (1772–1847), deutscher römisch-katholischer Geistlicher und Hochschullehrer
 Johannes Schué (1792–1867), katholischer Theologe, Pädagoge und Schulleiter

Schué


Town Hall railway station is a heritage-listed underground commuter rail station located in the centre of the Sydney central business district in New South Wales, Australia. The station opened on 28 February 1932. It is named after the Sydney Town Hall, located directly above the station.

History

The station is built on the site of Sydney's earliest colonial cemetery, the Old Sydney Burial Ground. In 2008, part of this cemetery was being excavated from under the Town Hall.

The station opened on 28 February 1932 and was built with six platforms, which were split over two levels with three platforms on each level. When the station opened, only four of the platforms were in use: platforms 1, 2 and 3 on the upper level and platform 6, served by escalators, on the lower level. The other two platforms were built in preparation for a proposed western suburbs line from the city to Gladesville, as envisaged under the Bradfield scheme. This line was never built, and the platforms (4 and 5) remained disused until incorporated into the Eastern Suburbs line when it opened in June 1979.

The station concourse had a major restructure in 2005 when the shops inside were closed to make way for the increasing crowds.

During a refurbishment of the station in 2014, a sign pointing to an air-raid shelter was uncovered on a staircase leading to Platforms 1 and 2. It has been encased in a Perspex casing.

Station configuration

Town Hall has two platform levels, each with three platforms – physically two island platforms, but set up so that one faces two tracks and the other faces the other track. Each platform has one lift in the centre connecting the concourse with the platforms, providing Easy Access for wheelchairs. These facilities were constructed during 2003–2004. The lower-level platforms (4 to 6) have 4 escalators to the concourse. As the platform is not wide enough, the escalators are in a cross configuration, with two at either end of the platform and another two at the centre. The escalator directions can be changed by staff throughout the day as the passenger flow dictates. The upper-level platforms have stairs up to the concourse. There are also small staircases linking the two platform levels.

The concourse is above the two platform levels and immediately below street level. The station is linked to nearby shopping centres including the Queen Victoria Building, The Galeries, Town Hall Square, Pavilion Plaza and, Woolworths Supermarket. There are also several exits up to each side of George Street.

When opened in 2024, the Sydney Metro line will include another station located at Pitt Street.

Platforms and services

Transport links
Town Hall station is served by bus routes operated by Busways, CDC NSW, Transdev John Holland and Transit Systems, under contract to Transport for NSW.

Trackplan

See also

Architecture of Sydney
 List of Sydney railway stations
 Railways in Sydney
 Rail transport in New South Wales
 Sydney underground railways

References

External links

Town Hall Station at Transport for New South Wales (Archived 2 May 2020)
Town Hall station map Transport for NSW

Easy Access railway stations in Sydney
Railway stations located underground in Sydney
Railway stations in Australia opened in 1932
George Street, Sydney
North Shore railway line
Eastern Suburbs railway line
Bankstown railway line
City Circle

Town Hall railway station, Sydney


Reinhards ist ein Ortsteil mit etwa 25 Einwohnern der Einheitsgemeinde Geisa im Wartburgkreis in Thüringen. Reinhards ist der westlichste Ort Thüringens, er war somit auch der westlichste Punkt der DDR aber auch des Warschauer Pakts allgemein. Der Ort Reinhards zählt zum nördlichen Teil der Rhön, der Kuppenrhön und liegt auch im Biosphärenreservat Rhön.

Geografie
Reinhards befindet sich im äußersten Südwesten des Kreises, etwa 34 Kilometer (Luftlinie) südwestlich der Kreisstadt Bad Salzungen und etwa neun Kilometer südlich der Kernstadt Geisa.
Nachbarorte sind im Westen und Süden die zum Landkreis Fulda gehörende Gemeinde Nüsttal mit den Ortsteilen Gotthards,  Hof-, Mittel- und Oberaschenbach und Haselstein sowie im Norden und Osten der Stadtteil Spahl.

Die geographische Höhe des Ortes beträgt . Höchste Erhebungen in der Flur sind der Suchenberg (), der Alte Berg  () und die Kühlkuppe (). Am Lörnhof wechselt der Achbach auf hessisches Gebiet, dieser thüringische Quellbach zählt zum Flussgebiet der Fulda.

Geschichte
Das Gebiet der Rhön wurde im Hochmittelalter auch Buchonia genannt. Die gebirgige Landschaft wurde im Westen von Bonifatius (Einflussbereich der Reichsklöster Fulda und Hersfeld) sowie im Süden und Osten von Kilian (Bistum Würzburg) missioniert, woran noch zahlreiche Kirchengründungen und Flurnamen erinnern.
Die Ersterwähnung von Reinhards erfolgte 1116 als Reginheres.  Reinhards zählte seit dem 13. Jahrhundert zum fuldischen Amt Rockenstuhl, das erst im 17. Jahrhundert in die Stadt Geisa verlegt wurde. Die Pfarrkirche befand sich in Spahl. Die angrenzende Herrschaft Tann bildete im 16. Jahrhundert ein Zentrum der Reformation in der Rhön. Die Glaubenskämpfe und sozialen Spannungen tobten auch im oberen Ulstertal um Geisa, wobei die katholische Seite die Oberhand behielt. 1632 bis 1634 herrschte Wilhelm V. von Hessen-Kassel als Fürst von Buchen über das Reichsstift. Im Prager Frieden 1635 kam es zur Restitution des Reichsstifts. Unter Fürstabt Joachim von Gravenegg (1644–1671) wurden die zahlreichen Kriegsschäden im Fuldaer Gebiet behoben. Mit dem Reichsdeputationshauptschluss 1803 wurde das geistliche Fürstentum mit seinen Klöstern aufgelöst. Die fuldischen Besitzungen gingen an Friedrich Wilhelm von Oranien-Nassau, bis 1806 Napoleon I. die Provinz Fulda annektierte. 1810 wurde sie Teil des Großherzogtums Frankfurt.
 Auf dem Wiener Kongress 1815 wurde die Provinz aufgelöst und nach einer einjährigen preußischen Verwaltung gelangte das "Geisaer Ländchen" an das Großherzogtum Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach. Die Grenzlage verhinderte oft eine wirtschaftliche Entwicklung des Ortes der aus etwa 5 Gehöften und weiteren Einzelhäusern besteht.
Für die katholische Bevölkerung des Ortsteils wurde eine kleine Kapelle geschaffen, bei einer Altarweihe im Jahre 1972 wurde Bischof Hugo Aufderbeck und der Vachaer Dechant Ferdinand Dallwig verhaftet.

Vom 25. März 1994 bis 31. Dezember 2008 bildete Reinhards zusammen mit Geismar, Ketten, Spahl, Walkes und Apfelbach die Gemeinde Rockenstuhl.

Literatur
 Adelbert Schröter: Land an der Straße. Die Geschichte der katholischen Pfarreien in der thüringischen Rhön. 3. Auflage. St.-Benno-Verlag, Leipzig 1989, ISBN 3-7462-0430-5.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ehemalige Gemeinde (Wartburgkreis)
Ort im Wartburgkreis
Geographie (Geisa)
Ersterwähnung 1116
Gemeindeauflösung 1981

Reinhards (Geisa)


مغوه قرية كبيرة تتبع البلدة المركزية (بالفارسية: بخش مرکزی شهرستان بندر لنگه) من توابع مدينة لنجة وتقع في محافظة هرمزگان في جنوب إيران. وهي مقر حكم قبيلة المرازيق وتقع على ساحل الخليج العربي، وشرقي جبل حسينه المسمى بـجبل اليارد بمسافة سبعة كيلومترات.

حدود مغوه
حدود مغوه: من الشمال صحراء جفر مسلم، ومن الجنوب الخليج العربي، ومن الغرب قرية بندر جارك، ومن الشرق تنتهي بقرية كافرغان وجبل حسينة المسمى بـجبل اليارد.

السكان
يبلغ عدد سكان هذه القرية حسب تعداد السكان لعام 2006 للميلاد، (13287) نسمه من أهل السنة والجماعة وعلى المذهب الشافعي. وكذلك بعض السكان من الحنابلة، ينطقون اللغة العربية. لديهم ستة مساجد.«مغوه» قرية عامرة، بها المرافق العامة كالماء، والكهرباء، والهاتف والبريد، وكذلك بها المؤسسات الحكومية كالمدارس، ورياض الأطفال، والبنوك. يمتهن سكان مغوه يالتجارة، والزراعة لديهم حوالي الف نخلة، وأراضي شاسعة لزارعة البر والشعير.

الآثار التاريخية
هناك آثار لحصن كبير المسمى بـ قلعة الشيخ سلطان، تقع في شمال القرية، وكذلك آثار لحوالي 500 منزل مبني بعضها بالأحجار والأسمنت والجص، وبعضها الآخر مبني بالحجارة والطين المسلح بالتبن.

المصادر

المصادر والمراجع
 الوحیدي الخنجي، حسین بن علی بن أحمد،  «تاریخ لنجة» ، الطبعة الثانية دبی: دار الأمة للنشر والتوزیع، 1988 للميلاد.
 محمد صدیق، عبد الرزاق،  «صهوة الفارس فی تاریخ عرب فارس» ، الطبعة الأولى، الشارقة: 1993 للميلاد.
 الكوخردى، محمد، بن يوسف، (كُوخِرد حَاضِرَة اِسلامِيةَ عَلي ضِفافِ نَهر مِهران) الطبعة الثالثة، دبى: سنة 1997 للميلاد.
 العصیمی، محمد بن دخیل،  عرب فارس، الطبعة الأولى، الدمام، السعودية مطابع الشاطیء الحدیثة، 1418 للهجرة..
 حاتم، محمد بن غریب، تاریخ عرب الهولة، الطبعة الأولى، القاهرة: دارالعرب للطباعة والنشر والتوزیع، 1997 للميلاد.
 کاملة، القاسمي، بنت شیخ عبد الله، (تاریخ لنجة)  مکتبة دبی للتوزیع، الإمارات:، الطبعة الثانية، عام 1993 للميلاد.
 مصادر فارسية
 بختیاری، سعید، ،  «اتواطلس ایران» ، " مؤسسه جغرافیایی وکارتگرافی گیتا شناسی، بهار 1384 خورشیدی.
 ويكيبيديا الفارسية.

معرض الصور

وصلات خارجية
  حصن المرازيق
  قبيلة المرازيق
  همدان (قبيلة)
  قائمة قبائل العرب
  راكان بن فلاح بن حثلين
  العجمان
  هولة
  سلطان بن أحمد بن راشد المرزوقي
 المـرازيـق
 التقسيمات الادارية لمحافظة هرمزگان

أماكن مأهولة في محافظة هرمزغان
البلدة المركزية لنجة
تاريخ العرب على ساحل الشرقي للخليج
تاريخ المرازيق
مدن إيران
مدن وبلدات ساحلية في الخليج العربي
مدن وبلدات ساحلية في إيران

مغوه


Nová Bystrica este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Čadca din regiunea Žilina. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 2.775 de locuitori. Se învecinează cu comuna .

Istoric
Localitatea Nová Bystrica este atestată documentar din 1661.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Nová Bystrica


Vasile Gudu () este un deputat român, ales în 2012 din partea Partidului Democrat Liberal.

În timpului mandatului, partidul său a fuzionat cu Partidul Național Liberal, iar el a activat în grupul parlamentar al partidului rezultat din fuziune.

Vezi și
 Legislatura 2012-2016 (Camera Deputaților)
 Parlamentul României

Legături externe
 Activitatea parlamentară

Deputați români 2012-2016
Politicieni români în viață
Deputați români 2016-2020
Nașteri în 1954
Nașteri pe 4 martie
Prefecți români

Vasile Gudu


Marmara, Balıkesir ilinin takımadalardan oluşan, en az nüfuslu ilçesi. Marmara Adası'nı ve çevresindeki küçük adaları kapsar. Mermer kelimesinin orijini buradan gelir. Mermeri ile ünlüdür. Paşalimanı Adası ise Marmara ilçesine değil Erdek ilçesine bağlıdır.

Marmara Adaları, Marmara Denizi'nin güneybatısında ada Kapıdağ Yarımadası ile Şarköy arasında sığ bir deniz alanında yer alır. Marmara Denizi'ndeki adaların en büyüğü, ismi mermer ve Marmor'dan gelen Marmara Adası yaklaşık 110 km²'lik bir alana sahiptir. Adanın en yüksek yeri, Radar Tepe olarak da bilinen İlyas Tepe'dir.

Tarihçe
Adada ilk yerleşme, antik çağda Miletoslularca olmuştur. Adada deniz kolonileri ile bağlanan yerleşim, 15.yüzyıldan itibaren de Türklerle devam etmektedir. Geçmişte ada halkının çoğunluğu oluşturan Rumlar, yüzyıllarca Türklerle beraber yaşamışlardır. Lozan Anlaşmasına ek olarak yapılan Türkiye-Yunanistan nüfus mübadelesi hükümlerince Rumlar, Yunanistan'a gitmek zorunda kalınca adaya özellikle Karadeniz Bölgesi'nden gelenler ile Girit Adası'ndan mübadele ile gelenler yerleştirilmiştir.

Antik ismi Prokonnesos olan ada, Kyzikos ile birlikte Delos Deniz Birliğine bağlanmıştır. İlk çağlardan bu yana mermer yatakları nedeniyle ülkeyi imar etmek isteyen Roma ve Bizans İmparatorluğu'nun en ünlü komutanlarının ilgisini çekmiştir. Osmanlı döneminde de yapılan cami ve sarayların mermerleri buradan sağlanmıştır.

Nüfus

İdari yapı
Marmara Adası, 4 Temmuz 1987 yılına kadar Erdek ilçesine bağlı kalmış, bu tarihten itibaren ilçe olmuştur. Büyükşehir yasası gelmeden önce Marmara ilçesine bağlı 5 köy ve 2 belde vardı. Çınarlı köyü, Gündoğdu köyü, Asmalı köyü, Yiğitler köyü, Topağaç köyü ile Saraylar ve Avşa Beldeleriydi.

Turizm
Çınarlı köyü, çınarlarıyla ünlüdür. Balıkçılık da oldukça ilerlemiştir. Asmalı köyü, adanın son İstanbul çıkış noktası olması nedeniyle yat turizmine oldukça elverişlidir. Turizmin yanında zeytincilik ve balıkçılıkla oldukça gelişmiştir. Eski ahşap Rum evlerinin hala kullanılmaktadır.

Saraylar, Roma döneminden kalan mermer ocaklarıyla ünlüdür. Buradan çıkartılan mermerler dünyaca ünlüdür. Saraylar'da bir açık hava müzesi bulunmaktadır.

Ekonomi
Adanın doğal yapısını oluşturan mermer İlk Çağ'dan günümüze kadar önemli bir ihraç ürünü olmuştur. Marmara İlçesi, sofralık zeytin üretiminde büyük gelişim sağlamıştır. Balıkçılık ise temel geçim kaynağıdır. Topağaç köyü, adanın tarımsal faaliyetlerine en elverişli köyü olup, adanın sebze ihtiyacının önemli bir kısmını sağlamaktadır.

Kaynakça

Marmara, Balıkesir


Super party la birou (titlu original: Office Christmas Party) este un film de Crăciun american din 2016 regizat de Josh Gordon & Will Speck. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Jason Bateman, Olivia Munn, T. J. Miller, Jillian Bell, Vanessa Bayer, Courtney B. Vance, Rob Corddry, Sam Richardson, Randall Park, Kate McKinnon și Jennifer Aniston. Scenariul este realizat de Justin Malen și Laura Solon după o povestire de Jon Lucas și Scott Moore. Filmul a fost lansat la 9 decembrie 2016 de către Paramount Pictures. A avut parte de recenzii împărțite și încasări de  83,4 milioane $ în întreaga lume.

Prezentare

Distribuție
 Jason Bateman - Josh Parker
 Olivia Munn - Tracey Hughes
 T. J. Miller - Clay Vanstone
 Jennifer Aniston -  Carol Vanstone
 Kate McKinnon - Mary Winetoss
 Jillian Bell - Trina
 Vanessa Bayer - Allison
 Courtney B. Vance - Walter Davis
 Rob Corddry - Jeremy
 Sam Richardson - Joel
 Randall Park - Fred
 Jamie Chung - Meghan
 Abbey Lee - Savannah
 Karan Soni - Nate
 Matt Walsh - Ezra
 Ben Falcone - Doctor
 Oliver Cooper - Drew
 Adrian Martinez - Larry
 Andrew Leeds - Tim
 Da'Vine Joy Randolph - Carla
 Fortune Feimster - Lonny
 Jimmy Butler - rolul său

Note

Legături externe

Filme din 2016
Filme americane
Filme în limba engleză
Filme regizate de Josh Gordon & Will Speck
Filme de Crăciun
Filme DreamWorks Pictures
Filme de comedie din anii 2010
Filme Paramount Pictures
Filme de comedie americane

Super party la birou


Der Moschellandsberg, umgangssprachlich auch kurz als Landsberg bekannt, ist ein  hoher, größtenteils bewaldeter Berg bei Obermoschel im nördlichen Nordpfälzer Bergland. Dem Topographischen Kartenmaterial des Landschaftsinformationssystems der Naturschutzverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz (LANIS) zufolge ist der Berg auch unter der Bezeichnung Schloßberg bekannt.

Auf dem Gipfel des Berges steht die Burgruine Landsberg.

Geographie

Lage
Der Moschellandsberg erhebt sich südöstlich der Kleinstadt Obermoschel im rheinland-pfälzischen Donnersbergkreis. Seine westliche und nördliche Flanke steigt steil aus dem Tal des Moschelbachs auf, an seiner Südostseite liegt jenseits eines Sattels () der nur wenig höhere Galgenberg (). Hauptsächlich auf der Nordseite des Berges wurde früher Bergbau betrieben, an den oberen südlichen Hängen finden sich Weinbauflächen.

Naturräumliche Zuordnung
Der Moschellandsberg gehört in der naturräumlichen Haupteinheitengruppe Saar-Nahe-Bergland (Nr. 19), in der Haupteinheit Nordpfälzer Bergland (193) und in der Untereinheit Glan-Alsenz-Höhen (193.1) zum Naturraum Moschelhöhen (193.140), dem westlichen Teil des Naturraums Alsenzer Höhen (193.14). Seine Landschaft fällt nach Osten über den Niedermoscheler Berg zum Naturraum Alsenztal (193.141) ab.

Geologie und Bergbau

Die Kuppel des Moschellandsbergs besteht aus intrudiertem, stark zerrüttetem Rhyolith, das von hydrothermalen Lösungen bis in den Sedimentmantel durchdrungen wurde. In der Folge entstand eine reiche Kupfer-, Quecksilber- und Silber-Lagerstätte mit teilweise seltenen Silberamalgamen und Fahlerzen.

Der Abbau von Silber- und Quecksilbererzen wird erstmals 1442 urkundlich erwähnt, genauer in einer Eintragung im Meisenheimer Rentbuch über den Gewinn aus Hartsilber – Moschellandsbergit, da das Mineral im Gegensatz zu gediegen Silber spröde bzw. hart ist – vom Moschellandsberg "auf 500 Gulden me oder mynder." Da allerdings nur wenige Jahrzehnte später Herzog Alexander im Jahre 1489 für den Lazarusstollen die Erbstollengerechtigkeit verlieh, muss schon wesentlich früher Bergbau in diesem Gebiet betrieben worden sein.

Zu den bekanntesten Bergwerken gehören die Gruben "Backofen", Carolina und "Vertrauen zu Gott" nordöstlich der Burgruine Landsberg. Weitere Gruben lagen nordwestlich ("Segen Gottes" und "Hilfe Gottes") und nördlich ("Gottesgab") der Landsburg. Insgesamt wurden am Moschellandsberg bisher (Stand: 2012) rund 90 verschiedene Minerale und Varietäten gefunden (davon 75 anerkannte, eigenständige Mineralarten) wie unter anderem die Silberminerale Akanthit (Silberglanz), Chlorargyrit (Hornsilber, Silberhornerz) und Jodargyrit (Jodsilber), die Quecksilberminerale Cinnabarit (Zinnober) und Eglestonit sowie die Kupferminerale Bornit (Buntkupferkies), Chalkosin (Kupferglanz), Azurit (Bergblau, Kupferlasur) und Malachit. Weitere dort entdeckte Erzminerale sind unter anderem Galenit (Bleiglanz), Hämatit (Eisenglanz) und Pyrit (Schwefelkies).

Für sechs Minerale gilt der Berg bzw. eine der ansässigen Gruben zudem als Typlokalität: Belendorffit, Kalomel, Schachnerit und Paraschachnerit (beide Grube Vertrauen zu Gott) sowie die nach ihrer Typlokalität benannten Minerale Moschelit (Grube Backofen), Moschellandsbergit (Grube Carolina).

Schutzgebiet
Auf dem Moschellandsberg liegt das Fauna-Flora-Habitat-Gebiet Moschellandsberg bei Obermoschel (FFH-Nr. 6221-302; 0,76 km²), ein ausgewiesenes Schutzgebiet für die dort lebenden Fledermäuse. So finden sich hier unter anderem die Bechsteinfledermaus, die seltene Teichfledermaus sowie die streng geschützten Arten Große Hufeisennase und Großes Mausohr.

Gipfelbereich
Auf dem Gipfel des Moschellandsbergs steht die Burgruine Landsberg, die auch Moschellandsburg oder Landsburg genannt wird. Von der 1130 erstmals urkundlich erwähnten Burg stehen heute nur noch Mauerreste der Burgmauern, verschiedener Gebäude sowie ein weithin sichtbarer Teil des früheren Bergfrieds.

Unweit westlich der Burg steht ein Sendemast.

Verkehr und Wandern
Nördlich des Moschellandsbergs verläuft im Tal des Moschelbachs die B 420, auf seiner Westseite die von Obermoschel nach Süden führende Landesstraße L 379.

Von Obermoschel aus ist der Berg über eine schmale befestigte Straße erreichbar, die an dem nordöstlich unterhalb des Gipfels gelegenen Burghotel vorbei zu einem Sportplatz östlich des Sattels und weiter bis kurz unter die Burg Landsberg führt.

Der Moschellandsberg ist durch verschiedene Wanderwege erschlossen. Über den Berg verläuft der Europäische Fernwanderweg E8. Der 112 km lange Pfälzer Höhenweg, ein 2010 eröffneter Prädikatswanderweg, führt auf seiner vierten Etappe von Rockenhausen kommend über den Moschellandsberg nach Obermoschel. Der Geo-Kultur-Pfad Obermoschel verläuft als Rundweg um den Berg.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Berg in Rheinland-Pfalz
Obermoschel
Geographie (Donnersbergkreis)
Typlokalität
Berg im Nordpfälzer Bergland

Moschellandsberg


An Philodendron senatocarpium in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Michael T. Madison. An Philodendron senatocarpium in nahilalakip ha genus nga Philodendron, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Philodendron

Philodendron senatocarpium


Ginglimul (Ginglymus) (din greaca ginglymos = balama) sau articulația trohleană, articulația în  balama, trohleartroza este o articulație sinovială mobilă uniaxială cu 2 suprafețele articulare (una convexă, alta concavă), cea ce permite mișcări într-un singur plan, înainte și înapoi, ca balama unei uși. Suprafață articulară convexă a acestei articulații este reprezentată la unul din oase de un scripete sau trohlee articulară, pe care se află un șanț median care separă două fațete (părți) laterale convexe. Suprafață articulară corespondentă concavă de pe osul opus este reprezentată de o cavitate (scobitură) invers conformată, cu o creastă mediană mărginită de două fațete (povârnișuri) laterale concave; creastă mediană corespunde șanțului scripetului, iar cele două fațete laterale corespund părților laterale ale scripetelui. Exemple: articulația humeroulnară, articulațiile interfalangiene, articulația talocrurală. Aceste  articulații posedă ligamente colaterale puternice și permit mișcări de flexiune - extensiune în jurul unui singur ax, cel al trohleei; au și mișcări foarte reduse de lateralitate. Ginglimul este mai puțin mobil ca enartroza (articulația sferoidală sau cotilică), datorită mișcărilor puțin variate, însă permite executarea unor mișcări cu amplitudine mare.

Note

Articulații

Ginglim


John Griffin Carlisle (September 5, 1834July 31, 1910) was an American attorney and Democratic Party politician from Kentucky. He represented Kentucky in the United States House of Representatives from 1877 to 1890, serving as the 31st Speaker of the House from 1883 to 1889, and served in the United States Senate from 1890 to 1893. He served as the 41st Secretary of the Treasury, in the second administration of President Grover Cleveland, from 1893 to 1897—a period that included the Panic of 1893. As a Bourbon Democrat he was a leader of the conservative, pro-business wing of the party, along with Cleveland.

Biography

Carlisle was born in what is now Kenton County, Kentucky. He was well educated and took a post as a teacher in Covington, Kentucky. His father died in 1853 and he was left to support his family. He studied law under John W. Stevenson, and joined the law firm of William Kinkeard in Covington at the age of 23. Carlisle married Mary Jane Goodson on January 15, 1857, and they had five children, all of whom predeceased them.

Despite the political difficulties that taking a neutral position during the American Civil War caused him, Carlisle spent most of the 1860s in the Kentucky General Assembly, serving in the Kentucky House of Representatives and two terms in the Kentucky State Senate, and was elected Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky in 1871, succeeding his former law mentor Stevenson.

After Carlisle's term as Lieutenant governor ended in 1875, he ran for and won a seat in the United States House of Representatives for Kentucky's 6th district. On the main issues of the day, Carlisle was in favor of coining silver, but not for free coinage, and favored lower tariffs. He became a leader of the low-tariff wing of the Democratic Party, and was chosen by House Democrats to become Speaker in 1883 over Samuel J. Randall, a leader of the party's protectionist wing.

Carlisle became a leader of the conservative Bourbon Democrats and was mentioned as a presidential candidate but the Democrats passed him over at their conventions for Winfield S. Hancock in 1880 and Grover Cleveland in 1884. Discomfort with nominating a southerner after the Civil War played a role in Carlisle's failure to win either nomination. In 1892 Carlisle was again proposed as a candidate for president at the Democratic convention, but this time Carlisle asked that he not be considered. It was reported at the time that Carlisle dropped out with the understanding that Cleveland, once re-elected, would appoint him to his Cabinet.

In 1890, Carlisle was appointed to the United States Senate to fill the unexpired term of James B. Beck. When Cleveland was again elected to the Presidency in 1892, he chose Carlisle as his Secretary of the Treasury.

Carlisle's tenure as Secretary was marred by the Panic of 1893, a financial and economic disaster so severe that it ended Carlisle's political career. In response to a run on the American gold supply, Carlisle felt forced to end silver coinage. He also felt compelled to oppose the 1894 Wilson–Gorman Tariff bill. These two stands were widely unpopular among agrarian Democrats. In 1896 Carlisle strenuously opposed Democratic presidential nominee William Jennings Bryan, supporting a splinter Gold Democrat candidate, once-Illinois Governor Palmer, instead.

By 1896, the once remarkably popular Carlisle was so disliked due to his stewardship of the currency that he was forced to leave the stage in the middle of a speech in his home town of Covington due to a barrage of abuse. Feeling rejected, he retired from public life and sold his house in Covington.

By May 1899, the North American Trust Company had directors such as John G. Carlisle, Adlai E. Stevenson, and Wager Swayne.

He moved to New York City, where he practiced law, and died on July 31, 1910, at age 75, and is buried in Linden Grove Cemetery in Covington, Kentucky.

Legacy
Carlisle County, Kentucky was established in 1886.

References

Sources

 Barnes, James A. John G. Carlisle: Financial Statesman. New York : Dodd, Mead, 1931.
 Beito, David T., and Linda Royster Beito. Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism from 1896 to 1900, Independent Review 4 (Spring 2000), 555–75.

 Garraty, John A. and Mark C. Carnes. American National Biography, vol. 4, "Carlisle, John G.". New York : Oxford University Press, 1999. ()

 Williams, R. Hal. Years of Decision: American Politics in the 1890s. New York : Wiley, 1978.

External links

 John G. Carlisle  at Linden Grove Cemetery

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1834 births
1910 deaths
19th-century American politicians
Bourbon Democrats
Speakers of the United States House of Representatives
United States Secretaries of the Treasury
Democratic Party United States senators from Kentucky
Lieutenant Governors of Kentucky
Members of the Kentucky House of Representatives
Kentucky state senators
Politicians from Covington, Kentucky
Cleveland administration cabinet members
Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky
North American Trust Company people
People from Kenton County, Kentucky

John G. Carlisle


Achlya este un gen de insecte lepidoptere din familia Drepanidae.

Specii

 Achlya angustefasciata
 Achlya atrescens
 Achlya cinerea
 Achlya clausa
 Achlya confluens
 Achlya covergens
 Achlya finmarchica
 Achlya flavicornis
 Achlya fuscomaculata
 Achlya haverkampfi
 Achlya interrupta
 Achlya jezoensis
 Achlya kuramana
 Achlya lapponica
 Achlya longipennis
 Achlya luteicornis
 Achlya medionigra
 Achlya melanalba
 Achlya meridionalis
 Achlya nigrescens
 Achlya nigromaculata
 Achlya nigro-plumbosa
 Achlya nudata
 Achlya obscura
 Achlya obsoleta
 Achlya pseudoalbingensis
 Achlya rosea
 Achlya scotica
 Achlya signatipennis
 Achlya simplex
 Achlya sulphureomaculata
 Achlya unifasciata
 Achlya unilinea
 Achlya unimaculata

Referințe

Legături externe

Achlya

Achlya


Barna- og unglingaefni ársins er verðlaunaflokkur á Edduverðlaununum fyrir kvikmyndir og sjónvarpsefni ætlað börnum og unglingum. Þessi flokkur var fyrst tekinn upp árið 2010 og fyrsti verðlaunahafinn var kvikmyndin Algjör Sveppi og leitin að Villa eftir Braga Þór Hinriksson.

Edduverðlaunin

Barna- og unglingaefni ársins


est un film américain réalisé par Oscar Micheaux, sorti en 1948. Le film est considéré comme perdu.

Synopsis
Martin Eden, un fermier afro-américain prospère vivant dans le Dakota du Sud, est amoureux de Deborah Stewart mais pensant qu'elle est blanche, ses chances sont minces. En réalité, elle l'aime aussi mais n'ose pas lui révéler ses sentiments. Martin se rend à Chicago pour chercher une épouse et après un rendez-vous infructueux dans un cabaret chanteur, il renoue avec une ex-petite amie qui lui présente Linda. Ils tombent amoureux et se marient puis retournent vivre à la ferme de Martin. Le couple devient parents mais leur bonheur est de courte durée lorsque le père pathologiquement jaloux de Linda la convainc que Martin est meurtrier. Elle fuit la ferme avec leur enfant et retourne à la ville des vents. Martin l'y retrouve mais se fait abattre par Linda lors d'un combat. Au même moment, Deborah découvre ses origines afro-américaine et décide de retrouver son amour. Elle rencontre Linda et lui explique son histoire, qui accepte de divorcer pour que Martin puisse épouser Deborah. Linda donne également son enfant à Deborah pour qu'elle l'élève. Martin et Deborah retournent chez eux, tandis que Linda tue son père pour se venger de son rôle dans la destruction de son mariage.

Fiche technique
 Réalisateur et scénariste : Oscar Micheaux
 Musique : Alfonso Corelli
 Directeur de la photographie : Marvin W. Spoor
 Producteurs : Oscar Micheaux
 Sociétés de production :
 Genre : Film dramatique
 Format : Noir et blanc
 Durée :
 Date de sortie :  :

Distribution
 William Byrd as Jack Stewart
 Leroy Collins as Martin Eden
 Verlie Cowan as Linda
 Frances De Young as Mrs. Bowles
 Vernon B. Duncan as Duval
 Edward Fraction as Nelson Boudreaux
 Harris Gaines as Dr. Lee
 Jessie Johnson as Preble
 Barbara Lee as Jessie
 Yvonne Machen as Terry
 Arthur McCoo as Joe Bowles
 Vernetties Moore as Eunice
 Alice B. Russell as Aunt Mary
 Myra Stanton as Deborah
 Lou Vernon as Ned Washington

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 1948
Film dramatique américain
Race film
Film américain en noir et blanc
Film perdu des années 1940
Film américain perdu

The Betrayal (film, 1948)


Kamen-Rybolov () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Khankaysky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia, located on the shores of Lake Khanka. Population:

History
It was founded by peasants who migrated from the western regions of Russia (modern day Belarus) and by the Cossacks in 1865.

References

Notes

Sources

Rural localities in Primorsky Krai

Kamen-Rybolov


An Themeda arundinacea in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni William Roxburgh, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Aimée Antoinette Camus. An Themeda arundinacea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Themeda, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Themeda

Themeda arundinacea


Neoproterozoicul este a treia și ultima eră geologică a Proterozoicului și se întinde de la 1000 la 541 milioane de ani în urmă. Este ultima eră a Supereonului Precambrian și a Eonului Proterozoic; este împărțită în perioadele Tonian, Criogenian și Ediacaran. Este precedată de epoca Mesoproterozoică și a fost urmată de epoca Paleozoică.

Neoproterozoicul se întinde pe una dintre cele mai interesante perioade în materie geologică, în care Pământul a suferit cea mai severă glaciație cunoscută, când platformele glaciare au ajuns la ecuator formând un posibil "Pământ de zăpadă". Cele mai vechi fosile ale vieții multicelulare se găsesc în Ediacaran, inclusiv Ediacarani, care au fost cele mai timpurii animale.

Potrivit lui Rino și colegilor săi, adunarea crustei continentale formată în orogeneza Pan-africană și orogeneza Grenville face Neoproterozoicul perioada istoriei Pământului care a produs cea mai mare crustă continentală.

Caracteristici
Datele rămân imprecise, dar se consideră că această eră a fost supusă unor schimbări continentale complexe. Supercontinentul Rodinia a fost fragmentat în aproximativ opt bucăți distincte, implicând o fază activă de tectonică a plăcilor.

Se produc glaciațiuni severe, dintre care una s-a produs în urmă cu 750 milioane de ani iar cealaltă acum 600 de milioane de ani. În timpul celei mai recente, numită adesea glaciația Varanger, gheața a coborât până la ecuator, aducând globul într-o stare cunoscută sub denumirea "Pământ de zăpadă". Există o dezbatere cu privire la faptul dacă banchiza de gheața a coborât efectiv la ecuator sau dacă a existat o zonă maritimă liberă acolo.

Subdiviziuni
Neoproterozoicul este alcătuit din trei perioade, ordonate de la cea mai recentă la cea mai veche:
 Ediacaran (635 la 542 milioane de ani în urmă)
 Criogenian (720 la 635 milioane de ani în urmă)
 Tonian (1000 la 720 milioane de ani în urmă)

Note

Legături externe

Proterozoic

Neoproterozoic


Inhibitorii de beta-lactamază sunt medicamente inhibitoare enzimatice care au fost dezvoltate cu scopul de a fi rezistente la acțiunea enzimelor de inactivare denumite beta-lactamaze. Deși această clasă de beta-lactame prezintă o activitate antibiotică slabă, ele sunt extrem de folositoare deoarece previn degradarea antibioticelor beta-lactamice (în combinație cu acestea), ceea ce duce la lărgirea spectrului de activitate pe anumite bacterii rezistente secretoare de beta-lactamaze.

Un inhibitor de β-lactamază, vaborbactam, care este încă în teste clinice, trebuie administrat împreună cu antibioticul β-lactamază meropenem. În aprilie 2016, combinația a primit Fast Track Designation din partea FDA, care este un proces accelerat de aprobare a medicamentelor atunci când se consideră că un medicament are potențialul de a trata boli care pun viața în pericol.

Relebactamul a fost aprobat în SUA în combinație fixă cu imipenem și cilastatin în iulie 2019.

Combinații
 Acid clavulanic sau clavulanat, de obicei în combinație cu amoxicilină (co-amoxiclav, Augmentin, Amoksiklav) sau ticarcilină (Timentin)
 Sulbactam, de obicei în combinație cu ampicilină (Unasyn) sau cefoperazonă (Sulperazon)
 Tazobactam, de obicei în combinație cu piperacilină (Tazocin)

Note

Vezi și
 Beta-lactamază

Antibiotice beta-lactamice

Inhibitor de beta-lactamază


Atanásio () ou Anastácio () foi um oficial bizantino do começo do , ativo durante o reinado do imperador Focas . Servia como conde das sagradas liberalidades. Envolveu-se em uma conspiração para assassinar o imperador e, quiçá, colocar Teodoro no trono. Arrependeu-se de sua participação e notificou Focas do plano, mas acabou executado por decapitação, em 7 de junho de 605 ou 607, com os demais conspiradores.

Bibliografia

Bizantinos do século VI
Condes das sagradas liberalidades
Oficiais de Focas
Rebeldes do Império Bizantino do século VII
Bizantinos executados no século VII

Atanásio (conde das sagradas liberalidades)


46719 Plantade este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
46719 Plantade este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatoire des Pises din Parcul național din Cévennes. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,74 ua, o excentricitate de 0,12 și o înclinație de 7,3° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 46001-47000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1997
Centura de asteroizi
Asteroizi cu nume de oameni

46719 Plantade


Liège-Bastogne-Liège 2016 var den 102. udgave af cykelløbet Liège-Bastogne-Liège og var det trettende arrangement på UCI's World Tour-kalender i 2016. Det blev arrangeret 24. april 2016. Løbet blev vundet af Wout Poels fra .

Hold og ryttere

Danske ryttere
Jakob Fuglsang kørte for
Christopher Juul-Jensen kørte for
Michael Valgren kørte for
Chris Anker Sørensen kørte for

Resultater

Eksterne henvisninger

2016
UCI World Tour 2016

Liège-Bastogne-Liège 2016


Tarancón, el quinto mandamiento es un telefilme rodado en 2010, dirigido por Antonio Hernández y producido por Televisión Española, Radiotelevisión Valenciana y Nadie es Perfecto con la colaboración del Instituto Valenciano de Cinematografía, basado en la vida del cardenal español Vicente Enrique y Tarancón (1907-1994), figura clave en la Transición democrática de España. Originalmente anunciado como una miniserie de dos capítulos, se estrenó en La 1 el 29 de diciembre de 2011.

En 2010 se publicó una adaptación novelada del guion de Antonio Hernández y Jorge Galeano, con título homónimo, escrito por Fermín Cabal en la editorial Temas de Hoy.

Sinopsis
La serie comienza con el asesinato por parte de ETA de Luis Carrero Blanco el 20 de diciembre de 1973, hecho que precipita la salida de Tarancón, arzobispo de Madrid de la capital al ser amenazado de muerte y aparecer por la ciudad numerosas pintadas con el lema «Tarancón al paredón». Una vez fuera de la ciudad, el cardenal recuerda su vida como joven sacerdote prófugo durante la Guerra Civil, consiliario de Acción Católica, obispo de Solsona, participante en el Concilio Vaticano II y figura clave en los últimos tiempos del franquismo, para posteriormente actuar de forma decisiva en la transición democrática.

Reparto
El reparto principal de la película es:
 José Sancho: Vicente Enrique y Tarancón
 Eusebio Poncela: Casimiro Morcillo
 Roberto Álvarez: José María Martín Patino
 Antonio Valero Osma: Torcuato Fernández Miranda
 Enrique Arce: Padre Redó
 Manolo Cal: Manuel Primo
 Guillermo Montesinos: Padre Escudero
 Fernando Albizu: Juan XXIII
 Roger Coma: Tarancón en su juventud
 Enric Juezas: Nieto Antúñez
 Álex Tormo: Rey Juan Carlos I
 Francisco Merino: Carlos Arias Navarro
 Carlos Areces: Francisco Franco
 Candela Márquez: Esposa del Abogado
 Vicente Ayala: Adolfo Suárez

Producción
El rodaje comenzó el 2 de noviembre de 2009 en los estudios de la Ciudad de la Luz de Alicante. También se rodaron escenas en Cheste, Madrid, Alcudia, Galicia, Solsona, Burriana y en Valencia en la iglesia parroquial del Ángel Custodio.

Audiencias
La audiencia de Tarancón fue muy buena en su duración con una media de 18,6% de Share y más de 3 millones de espectadores.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Página web oficial en RTVE

Películas dramáticas
Películas sobre la guerra civil española
Películas sobre la Transición española
Telefilmes de España
Series de televisión sobre la Segunda República Española
Series de televisión biográficas de España

Tarancón, el quinto mandamiento


Musicology é o vigésimo oitavo álbum de estúdio do cantor americano Prince . O álbum foi entregue aos espectadores em sua Musicology Tour, de 27 de março a 9 de setembro de 2004, na América do Norte. Um lançamento digital ocorreu dois dias depois que sua turnê começou em 29 de março de 2004. A versão de varejo física foi lançada em 19 de abril de 2004 (Europa) e 20 de abril de 2004 (EUA) pela NPG Records e distribuída pela Columbia Records . Musicology foi o primeiro álbum em cinco anos (dez como Prince) que Prince lançou através de uma grande gravadora ( Sony Music ) e, sendo parcialmente gravado em Mississauga, Ontário, Canadá, foi o primeiro a ser gravado fora de Minneapolis em muitos anos. A musicologia tem como tema o R&B.

Recebendo críticas geralmente positivas dos críticos de música, Musicology provou ser o disco de maior sucesso de Prince em anos, chegando ao número três na Billboard 200 e alcançando o top 10 em dez outros países. Foi o primeiro álbum de Prince a entrar nas paradas dos EUA desde The Rainbow Children (2001).

Prince ganhou o Grammy de Melhor Performance Vocal de R&B Tradicional por "Musicology" e Melhor Performance Vocal de R&B Masculino por " Call My Name ". Em janeiro de 2005, Musicology foi certificado com dupla platina pela Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Na época do lançamento, Prince foi citado dizendo que desejava que o disco fornecesse educação musical aos ouvintes.

Desempenho comercial
Musicology rapidamente provou ser o álbum de maior sucesso de Prince desde Diamonds and Pearls, alcançando o Top 5 nos Estados Unidos, Reino Unido e Alemanha e causando uma impressão significativa nas paradas de todo o mundo. Ele também provou ser bem recebido pelos críticos de música. A faixa-título só foi lançada como single na Austrália, onde teve um sucesso moderado nas paradas e airplay. No entanto, também foi um sucesso nas paradas de R&B dos EUA através do airplay. O álbum foi certificado de platina pela The RIAA em junho de 2004 e foi certificado de platina dupla no final de janeiro de 2005.

Parte do sucesso do álbum nas paradas deveu-se aos espectadores que receberam uma cópia de Musicology, com o custo do álbum incluído no preço do ingresso para a Musicology Tour . Isso levou a revista Billboard e a Nielsen SoundScan a mudar sua metodologia de dados de gráficos. Para futuros lançamentos de álbuns, a Billboard disse que os clientes "devem ter a opção de adicionar o CD à compra do ingresso ou renunciar ao CD por um preço reduzido apenas para o ingresso". Uma edição em vinil roxo foi lançada em fevereiro de 2019.

Recepção da Crítica
O Musicology recebeu críticas geralmente positivas dos críticos de música . Em sua crítica para o The Village Voice, o crítico Robert Christgau disse que após as músicas de abertura do álbum, "choques agradáveis espreitam perto da superfície e vão contra o fluxo do material de qualidade, e quase tudo traz retorno". Em uma crítica menos entusiasmada, a revista Mojo achou que foi melhor produzido e executado do que foi escrito.

Elogios
Prince ganhou dois prêmios Grammy, por Melhor Performance Vocal R&B Tradicional (" Musicology ") e Melhor Performance Vocal R&B Masculina (" Call My Name "), e foi indicado para Melhor Performance Vocal Pop Masculina (" Cinnamon Girl "), Melhor Canção de R&B (premiada ao compositor) ("Call My Name") e Melhor Álbum de R&B ( Musicologia ). Prince foi escolhido pelos leitores da revista Rolling Stone como o melhor artista masculino e o retorno mais bem-vindo.

Tour
Prince viajou pela América do Norte de 27 de março a 9 de setembro de 2004 para promover a musicologia . A turnê foi muitas vezes anunciada como Musicology Live 2004ever, ou mais comumente, Musicology Tour. A turnê rendeu US$ 87,4 milhões e foi assistida por 1,47 milhão de fãs Embora a turnê tenha promovido Musicology, apenas algumas faixas selecionadas do álbum foram tocadas durante os shows. A faixa-título, " Musicology ", e os dois singles, " Call My Name " e " Cinnamon Girl ", estavam entre eles. A turnê contou com muitas das faixas mais famosas de Prince, como " Little Red Corvette ", " Raspberry Beret ", " Kiss " e " Purple Rain ". Uma cópia do Musicology foi incluída em cada bilhete de concerto vendido.

Lista de músicas
Todas as faixas escritas por Prince .

Pessoal

 Prince – todos os vocais e instrumentos, exceto conforme indicado
 Candy Dulfer – vocais em "Life 'o' the Party" e "Cinnamon Girl", saxofone em "Life 'o' the Party", trompas em "The Marrying Kind", "If Eye Was the Man in Ur Life" e " No sofá"
 Chance Howard - vocais em "Life 'o' the Party", "Call My Name" e "Cinnamon Girl"
 Stokley - vocais em "Call My Name"
 Kip Blackshire - vocais em "Call My Name"
 Clare Fischer - cordas em "Call My Name"
 Rhonda Smith – vocais em "Cinnamon Girl", baixo em "Dear Mr. Man"
 John Blackwell - bateria em "The Marrying Kind", "If Eye Was the Man in Ur Life", "On the Couch" e "Dear Mr. Man"
 Maceo Parker - chifres em "The Marrying Kind", "If Eye Was the Man in Ur Life" e "On the Couch"
 Greg Boyer - chifres em "The Marrying Kind", "If Eye Was the Man in Ur Life" e "On the Couch"
 Ornella Bonaccorsi – Discurso italiano sobre "What Do U Want Me 2 Do?"
 Sheila E. - shaker em "Dear Mr. Man"
 Renato Neto – Fender Rhodes em "Dear Mr. Man"

Singles

 " Musicology " (#25 US Bubbling Under, #3 US R&B)
 " Call My Name " (# 75 EUA)
 " Garota Canela " (Reino Unido)

Referências

Ligações externas

 Revisão do álbum em Nova York
 Musicology

Álbuns lançados pela Columbia Records
Álbuns de Prince
Álbuns de 2004

Musicology (álbum musical de Prince)


Der Job (Originaltitel: The Job) ist eine US-amerikanische Comedy-Krimiserie von Denis Leary und Peter Tolan, die von 2000 bis 2001 von Touchstone Television (heute als ABC Studios bekannt) im Auftrag des US-Senders ABC produziert wurde. Sie handelt von den dem Polizisten Mike McNeil und seinen Kollegen im Kampf gegen die Gewalt auf den Straßen von New York. Sie startete am 14. März 2001 auf dem US-Sender ABC.

Handlung
Mike McNeil ist ein ursprünglich aus Irland eingewanderter New Yorker Polizist. Allerdings ist er keineswegs ein Vorbild, denn er raucht, nimmt Medikamente und hat neben seiner Ehefrau auch eine Geliebte. Bei seinem Job, bei dem er auch gerne mal Grenzen überschreitet, wird er von seinem Partner Terrence "Pip" Phillips unterstützt. Ebenfalls im Revier arbeiten der schon erfahrene Frank Harrigan, dessen junger Partner Tommy Manetti, Jan Fendrich, die einzige Frau im Revier, die Neulinge Ruben Sommariba und Al Rodriguez, sowie der Vorgesetzte Lieutenant Williams.

Besetzung und Synchronisation

Produktion und Ausstrahlung
Nachdem Der Job im Mai 2000 bereits als Serie bestellt wurde, gab ABC einen Starttermin zur sogenannten Midseason bekannt. Sie startete schließlich am 14. März 2001. Die Ausstrahlung der ersten Staffel mit sechs Episoden wurde am 18. April 2001 beendet. Im Mai 2001 verlängerte ABC die Serie daraufhin um eine zweite Staffel, welche ab dem nächsten Herbst gezeigt werden sollte. Doch aufgrund der Terroranschläge am 11. September 2001 wurde der Start der zweiten Staffel auf Frühjahr 2002 verschoben. Die wurde schließlich zwischen dem 16. Januar und dem 24. April 2002 gezeigt. Aufgrund der familienfreundlicheren Umgestaltung des Programmes des Senders durch Disney im Frühjahr 2002 wurde die Serie nicht für eine dritte Staffel verlängert.

Die deutschsprachige Erstausstrahlung der Serie begann am 7. Januar 2003 beim deutschen Sender Das Erste. Spätere Ausstrahlungen waren unter anderem bei SF zwei, ORF 2, AXN und Einsfestival zu sehen.

Episodenliste
Staffel 1

Staffel 2

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fernsehserie (Vereinigte Staaten)
Fernsehserie der 2000er Jahre
Kriminal-Fernsehserie
Fernsehserie (American Broadcasting Company)

Der Job


මානව වංශ ජනනය (ග්‍රීක් එත්නොස් , "මානවයන් කණ්ඩායම" හෝ "ජාතිය", සහ ජෙනසිස් , "ඇරඹුම, උපත", බහු. එත්නොජෙනසිස් වෙතින්) වනාහි, කිසියම් පුළුල් සමාජ පසුතලයක් තුලින් පැනනැගුනු යම් මානවයන් කණ්ඩායමක් තමන්  ජනවාර්ගික  අයුරින් වෙනස්  බවට තේරුම් ගෙන හෝ තේරුම් ගනිමින් හෝ සිටින ක්‍රියාවලියයි.  ඊ. පී. තොම්ප්සන් ගේ වදන් අනුව,  මෙම ස්වයං-පරිකල්පනය තුලින් ජනවාර්ගීක කණ්ඩායම්  "ඔවුන් විසින්ම ජනනය කරගැනුමෙන් කරලියට එති". මෙම සංස්කෘතික ජනනය පිළිගැන්මට ලක්වීම හේතුවෙන්, වරෙක අවිචාරවත් ලෙසින් ඓතිහාසික සිද්ධාන්ත ලෙසින් පිළිගැනුනු   සාම්ප්‍රදායික සාධ්‍යතාමය ජාතීන්-ජනනයේ වෘත්තාන්තයන් ජනප්‍රවාද පරිගතයට අනුයුක්ත කෙරුමට සමහරක් ඉතිහාසඥයින් පෙළඹී ඇත.

නිෂ්ක්‍රීය හෝ සක්‍රීය මානව වංශ ජනනය
වැරදි ආකාරයේ අන්තර්ක්‍රියා තුළින් භෞතික පරිසරය තුළ අකර් මනස ජාතියේ ෙගාඩනැගිම විය හැක. එමෙන්ම සංස්කෘතික හා ආගමික අංශ, ආගමනය ආශ්‍රිත ක්‍රියාවලින් වැනි දේ තුලින් අපේක්ෂා නොකරන විදිවට ජනවාර්ගික කණ්ඩායම් ඇතිවය හැකි. දේශපාලන ගැටලුවක් නිරාකරණය කිරිමට සෘජුවම සිතාමාතා වෙනස් අනන්‍යතාවයනක් ගොඩනැගීම මගින් ඉහත කී ජතාකි ගොඩනැගිම ක්‍රියාකාරි වේ. මෙහි දේශපාලන ගැටලු ලෙස සංස්කෘතිකව වටිනා දේවල් ආරක්ෂා කිරිම සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු , බලය බෙදිම සම්බන්ධ ගැටලු පෙන්වා දිය හැක. 18 වන සියවසේ අවසාන භාගයේදී එවැනි උත්සාහ මගින් භාශාවේ දියුණුවක් හෝ නව භාෂා සෑදිමක් සිදු වු අතර, අවසානයේ එය "ජාතික සාහිත්‍යය' බවට පරිවර්තනය විය. පසුව විසියෙවන ශතවර්ෂයේදි එවැනි කතන්දර සමාජයන් තුළ අභාවයට ගිය අතර එවුන්ගේ අනන්‍යතාවයන් නැවත ඔපනොදැමුවොත් ජනවාර්ගික අඛායාන වල පැහැදිලිමත්ය නැතිවන බවද වටහා ගන්නා ලදී.

අන්තහ්කෘත හෝ බහිෂ්කෘත ජාතිවාදය

භාෂා පුනර්ජීවනය

සටහන්

ඥාතිත්වය සහ වංශානුක්‍රමය
පෙළපත
ජනවාර්ගිකත්වය

මානව වංශ ජනනය