The Society of the United Scotsmen was an organisation formed in Scotland in the late 18th century and sought widespread political reform throughout Great Britain.  It grew out of previous radical movements such as the Friends of the People Society, and was inspired by the events of the French and American revolutions.  Their aims were largely the same as those of the Society of the United Irishmen.

Societies of United Scotsmen had existed from the early 1790s, but it was only upon a delegation of United Irishmen arriving in Scotland to muster support for their cause that the United Scotsmen became more organised and more overtly revolutionary.  The United Scotsmen were particularly adept at gaining support from the working classes of Scotland who stood to gain by becoming politically enfranchised, as the Society sought.

The aim of the Society was universal suffrage and annually elected parliaments, with a strong streak of republicanism running through it as well.  By the mid-1790s the society may have had around 3,000 members.

Owing to its aims and activities the United Scotsmen had to remain a secret society, and organised themselves into cells of no more than 16 people which would send delegates to larger bodies on occasion.  This way it meant the organisation was more difficult to penetrate, but it also meant that many members did not know other members of the organisation.

The society was further boosted when the Parliament passed the Militia Act 1797 which allowed for the conscription of young men into the army. This proved vastly unpopular with many ordinary Scots, and in August 1797 there were large protests across the country  which were brutally suppressed, with many protesters killed (e.g. Massacre of Tranent).

The United Scotsmen hoped to get support from the Dutch as well as the French, and there were plans for the Dutch to land in Scotland with some 50,000 troops and to take over the Scottish Central Belt.  However the Royal Navy intercepted a Dutch fleet and defeated them at the Battle of Camperdown in October 1797.  Further hopes for French assistance were ruined when a French fleet was dispatched to England in the hope of encouraging English radicals (there was also a Society of the United Englishmen) to rise against His Majesty's Government.  However radical activity was not as entrenched there as in Scotland, or Ireland in particular.  If they had dispatched the fleet to either of these countries then they may have met with more success.

The United Scotsmen still organised a rebellion against the government in 1797, but despite initial successes for the insurrectionists, government troops quickly drafted in from England soon quelled the rebellion. The United Scotsmen's aims in the rebellion were to establish a new Provisional Government with Thomas Muir as president.

Various leaders of the United Scotsmen were arrested and tried.  For example, George Mealmaker was sentenced to 14 years transportation.  Other leaders such as Robert Jaffrey, David Black, James Paterson and William Maxwell were all found guilty of seditious activity.  The last record of a United Scotsmen member having been tried before the courts was the trial in 1802 of Thomas Wilson.  The United Scotsmen were (along with the United Irishmen) pronounced an illegal organisation and legal measures tightened up control of the press as well to halt radical activity.

However, the radical activity continued in Scotland and in 1820 there was another radical rising (one of whose leaders, James Wilson, had  been a member of the United Scotsmen).

References

Political history of Scotland
Political organisations based in Scotland
Illegal organizations
18th century in Scotland
Atlantic Revolutions
Scottish nationalism
Scottish republicanism

Society of the United Scotsmen


El Corylus chinensis, (nombre común avellana china) es un caducifolio árbol nativo del oeste de China. Este árbol es considerado vulnerable debido a su rareza.

Descripción

Esta especie crece hasta 40 metros de altura. Tiene color gris-marrón, corteza fisurada, con rayas moteadas. Las ramillas son de un color púrpura-marrón, y son delgadas y poco vellosas.

Las hojas van desde ovadas a obovada-elípticas, tienen un doble dentado y un borde irregular.

Distribución

Este árbol es originario de Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan y Yunnan.

Corylus chinensis se encuentra en las laderas húmedas de los bosques en altitudes que van desde 1200 y 3500 metros.

Usos

Tanto el aceite y las semillas de Corylus chinensis son comestibles.

Taxonomía
Corylus chinensis fue descrito por Adrien René Franchet  y publicado en Journal de Botanique (Morot) 13(7): 197–198. 1899. La especie tipo es:
Sinonimia
 Corylus chinensis var. macrocarpa Hu
 Corylus colurna var. chinensis (Franch.) Burkill
 Corylus papyracea Hickel

Referencias

Bibliografía
  Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1999. Flora of China (Cycadaceae through Fagaceae). 4: 1–453. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
 Andreas Roloff, Andreas Bärtels: Flora der Gehölze. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5614-6, S. 223.
 Steve Cafferty: Kosmos-Atlas Bäume der Welt. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2008 (übersetzt von Bruno P. Kremer, Inge Gotzmann), ISBN 978-3-440-10983-0, S. 138.
 Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven (Hrsg.): Flora of China. Volume 4: Cycadaceae through Fagaceae. Science Press/Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing/St. Louis 1999, ISBN 0-915279-70-3, S. 288.

Enlaces externos
 Images showing nuts and leaves
 Images of various parts

chinensis
Árboles de China

Corylus chinensis


Filyra er i den græske mytologi en nymfe, der er mor til kentauren Chiron. Rhea havde en mistanke om Filyras forhold til Kronos, som er Chirons far, så Kronos omskabte sig selv til hest for ikke at blive afsløret. Da Filyra fødte Chiron, var han halvt menneske og halvt hest. Efter fødslen ville Filyra ikke at have noget at gøre med ham og syntes, at han var afskyelig og frastødende. Som straf gjorde guderne Filyra til et lindetræ.

Referencer

Nymfer

Filyra


9284 Juansanchez este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
9284 Juansanchez este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Siding Spring de Schelte J. Bus. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,94 ua, o excentricitate de 0,02 și o înclinație de 9,4° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 9001-10000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1981
Centura de asteroizi

9284 Juansanchez


Akım aşağıdaki anlamlara gelebilir:
 Trend (akım) herhangi bir kolektif davranış biçimi
 Debi (akım), bir akarsuyun herhangi bir kesitinde beli bir zamanda taşıdığı su miktarı. Çoğunlukla m³/sn olarak ölçülür.
 Edebiyat akımı
 Akım transformatörü
 Akım ayrılması
 Stok ve akım
 Doğru akım, sürekli akım) elektrik yüklerinin yüksek potansiyelden alçak olana doğru sabit olarak akması.
 Elektrik akımı, elektriksel yükün hareketi.
 Alternatif akım, genliği ve yönü periyodik olarak değişen elektriksel akım.
 Nötr akım ya da yüksüz akım, zayıf etkileşim kullanılarak atomaltı parçacıkların birbirleri arasındaki etkileşim.
 Mavi Akım, Rusya'dan Türkiye'ye doğal gaz nakletmek için Karadeniz geçişli büyük boru hattı.
 Akım yoğunluğu, elektrik devresinde yoğunluğun bir ölçüsüdür
 Akım Fonksiyonu, çeşitli iki boyutlu akışlar için ifade edilir.
 Kaçak akım rölesi, canlıları elektrik enerjisinin kötü etkilerinden korumaya yarayan bir elektrik malzemesi.
 Yer değiştirme akımı elektrik yer değiştirme alanının değişim oranıyla tanımlanan bir nicelik.
 Felsefe akımı, felsefi görüşler, felsefi akımlar.
 Kültürel akım, toplumsal düzenin ve onun değişiminin bir gereği olarak, dünya görüşü ve sanat anlayışı bakımından birleşen kişilerin, eserleriyle ortaya koydukları ve sürdürdükleri ilkelerin toplamından doğan tutarlılık. Okul veya ekol de denir.
 Sanatsal akım, ortak sanatsal fikir, tutum ve eser verme özelliği gösteren sanatçı ya da sanat yapıtlarının içerisinde bulunduğu eğilimler.

Ayrıca bakınız
Akim

Akım


Vučji pauci (lat. Lycosidae), velika porodica paukova kojoj pripada 123 rodova i preko 2 300 vrsta. Svi vučji pauci su lovci. Plijen love danju, tako da ga proganjaju dok ga ne ulove, dok se većinom noću skrivaju ispod kamenja. Oni iz roda Trochosa aktivni su noću. Najpoznatija vrsta je Lycosa singoriensis. Mogu biti veličine od 10 do 35 milimetara. Imaju odličan vid, u svijetu pauka bolje od njih vide samo pauci skakači i pauci lovci. Zbog dugih nogu izgledaju veći, a odlični su i u kamuflaži i brzi.

Vučji pauci svoj otrov prema ljudima koriste samo u slučajevima samoobrane, a simptomi ujeda su otoci, bol i svrab. Hrane se kukcima, i svaki pauk pojede dnevno 5 do 15 kukaca. U Kaliforniji je pauk Pardosa ramulosa važan u suzbijanju vrsta iz porodice Cicadellidae, koji na gajenim biljkama mogu prouzrokovati različite bolesti.

Većina vučjih paukova je sive ili smeđe boje, a mužjaci su malo manji i tamniji od ženki.

Razmnožavanje
Mužjak ženku locira uz pomoć feromona, ali joj je ne prilazi nego joj s udaljenosti signalizira podizanjem i spuštanjem nogu i pipalima poznatima kao palpi. Prihvatit će ga ako je zadovoljna njime i već se nije parila. Ako ga prihvati, mora biti oprezan da ga nakon čina ne pojede. Ženka jaja nosi u naročitoj svilenkastoj vrećici ispod njezinog trbuha kojeg drži malo uzdignuto, kako se vrećica ne bi vukla po tlu. Odmah nakon što se izvuku iz svilenkaste vrećice, mladi se majci uspnu uz noge i smjeste na njezin stomak, gdje su sigurni. Kroz cijelo to vrijeme nakon parenja, dok nosi vrećicu i mlade, ženka je sposobna za lov.

Rodovi

 Acantholycosa Dahl, 1908
 Adelocosa Gertsch, 1973
 Agalenocosa Mello-Leitão, 1944
 Aglaoctenus Tullgren, 1905
 Algidus Simon, 1898
 Allocosa Banks, 1900
 Allotrochosina Roewer, 1960
 Alopecosa Simon, 1885
 Amblyothele Simon, 1910
 Anomalomma Simon, 1890
 Anomalosa Roewer, 1960
 Anoteropsis L. Koch, 1878
 Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847
 Arctosippa Roewer, 1960
 Arctosomma Roewer, 1960
 Artoria Thorell, 1877
 Artoriellula Roewer, 1960
 Artoriopsis Framenau, 2007
 Aulonia C. L. Koch, 1847
 Auloniella Roewer, 1960
 Birabenia Mello-Leitão, 1941
 Bogdocosa Ponomarev & Belosludtsev, 2008
 Brevilabus Strand, 1908
 Bristowiella Saaristo, 1980
 Camptocosa Dondale, Jiménez & Nieto, 2005
 Caporiaccosa Roewer, 1960
 Caspicosa Ponomarev, 2007
 Costacosa Framenau & Leung, 2013
 Crocodilosa Caporiacco, 1947
 Cynosa Caporiacco, 1933
 Dejerosa Roewer, 1960
 Deliriosa Kovblyuk, 2009
 Diahogna Roewer, 1960
 Diapontia Keyserling, 1876
 Dingosa Roewer, 1955
 Dolocosa Roewer, 1960
 Donacosa Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 1991
 Dorjulopirata Buchar, 1997
 Draposa Kronestedt, 2010
 Edenticosa Roewer, 1960
 Evippa Simon, 1882
 Evippomma Roewer, 1959
 Foveosa Russell-Smith, Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 2007
 Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904
 Gladicosa Brady, 1987
 Gnatholycosa Mello-Leitão, 1940
 Gulocosa Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2015
 Hesperocosa Gertsch & Wallace, 1937
 Hippasa Simon, 1885
 Hippasella Mello-Leitão, 1944
 Hoggicosa Roewer, 1960
 Hogna Simon, 1885
 Hognoides Roewer, 1960
 Hyaenosa Caporiacco, 1940
 Hygrolycosa Dahl, 1908
 Kangarosa Framenau, 2010
 Katableps Jocqué, Russell-Smith & Alderweireldt, 2011
 Knoelle Framenau, 2006
 Lobizon Piacentini & Grismado, 2009
 Loculla Simon, 1910
 Lycosa Latreille, 1804
 Lycosella Thorell, 1890
 Lysania Thorell, 1890
 Mainosa Framenau, 2006
 Malimbosa Roewer, 1960
 Margonia Hippa & Lehtinen, 1983
 Megarctosa Caporiacco, 1948
 Melecosa Marusik, Omelko & Koponen, 2015
 Melocosa Gertsch, 1937
 Minicosa Alderweireldt & Jocqué, 2007
 Molitorosa Roewer, 1960
 Mongolicosa Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004
 Mustelicosa Roewer, 1960
 Navira Piacentini & Grismado, 2009
 Notocosa Vink, 2002
 Nukuhiva Berland, 1935
 Oculicosa Zyuzin, 1993
 Ocyale Audouin, 1826
 Orinocosa Chamberlin, 1916
 Orthocosa Roewer, 1960
 Paratrochosina Roewer, 1960
 Pardosa C. L. Koch, 1847
 Pardosella Caporiacco, 1939
 Passiena Thorell, 1890
 Pavocosa Roewer, 1960
 Phonophilus Ehrenberg, 1831
 Pirata Sundevall, 1833
 Piratula Roewer, 1960
 Proevippa Purcell, 1903
 Prolycosides Mello-Leitão, 1942
 Pseudevippa Simon, 1910
 Pterartoria Purcell, 1903
 Pterartoriola Roewer, 1959
 Pyrenecosa Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004
 Rabidosa Roewer, 1960
 Satta Lehtinen & Hippa, 1979
 Schizocosa Chamberlin, 1904
 Shapna Hippa & Lehtinen, 1983
 Sibirocosa Marusik, Azarkina & Koponen, 2004
 Sosippus Simon, 1888
 Syroloma Simon, 1900
 Tapetosa Framenau et al., 2009
 Tasmanicosa Roewer, 1959
 Tetralycosa Roewer, 1960
 Tigrosa Brady, 2012
 Trabea Simon, 1876
 Trabeops Roewer, 1959
 Trebacosa Dondale & Redner, 1981
 Tricassa Simon, 1910
 Trochosa C. L. Koch, 1847
 Trochosippa Roewer, 1960
 Tuberculosa Framenau & Yoo, 2006
 Varacosa Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942
 Venator Hogg, 1900
 Venatrix Roewer, 1960
 Venonia Thorell, 1894
 Vesubia Simon, 1910
 Wadicosa Zyuzin, 1985
 Xerolycosa Dahl, 1908
 Zantheres Thorell, 1887
 Zenonina Simon, 1898
 Zoica Simon, 1898
 Zyuzicosa Logunov, 2010

Izvori

Pauci

Vučji pauci


Rehhorst, Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaleti Stormarn iline bağlı bölge. 16,19 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu 31 Ekim 2003 itibarıyla 706 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Nüfus yoğunluğu ise 44 seviyesindedir. Belediye başkanlığı Friedrich-Wilhelm Löwe tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi site

Stormarn iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Rehhorst


Earl of Aylesford, in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain. It was created in 1714 for the lawyer and politician Heneage Finch, 1st Baron Guernsey. He had already been created Baron Guernsey in the Peerage of England in 1703. Finch was the younger son of Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham and the great-grandson of Elizabeth Heneage, 1st Countess of Winchilsea. Lord Aylesford's eldest son, the second Earl, represented Maidstone and Surrey in Parliament. In 1712, he married Mary Fisher, daughter of Sir Clement Fisher, 3rd Baronet. Through this marriage Packington Hall in Warwickshire came into the Finch family. Their son, the third Earl, sat as a Member of Parliament for Leicestershire and Maidstone. His eldest son, the fourth Earl, represented Castle Rising and Maidstone in the House of Commons, and after entering the House of Lords on his father's death, served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard from 1783 to 1804 and as Lord Steward of the Household from 1804 to 1812.

His second but eldest surviving son, the fifth Earl, was a Tory Member of Parliament for Weobly. His son, the sixth Earl, represented South Warwickshire in Parliament as a Conservative. His grandson, the tenth Earl, assumed by Royal licence his grandmother's maiden surname of Knightley in addition to that of Finch. His son, the eleventh Earl, served as Lord Lieutenant of the West Midlands. , the titles are held by the latter's son, who succeeded in 2008.

The Hon. Charles Finch, younger son of the third Earl, was Member of Parliament for Maidstone. His son Charles Griffith-Wynne (who assumed the surname of Griffith-Wynne in lieu of his patronymic), was Member of Parliament for Caernarvonshire. His son Charles Wynne sat as Member of Parliament for Caernarvon.

The family seat is Packington Hall, near Meriden, Warwickshire.

Earls of Aylesford (1714)
Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Aylesford (1649–1719)
Heneage Finch, 2nd Earl of Aylesford (1683–1757)
Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Aylesford (1715–1777)
Heneage Finch, 4th Earl of Aylesford (1751–1812)
Charles Finch, Lord Guernsey (d. 1784)
Heneage Finch, 5th Earl of Aylesford (1786–1859)
Heneage Finch, 6th Earl of Aylesford (1824–1871)
Heneage Finch, 7th Earl of Aylesford (1849–1885), son. He married 1871 Edith Peers-Williams (d. 1897), a daughter of Lt.-Col. Thomas Peers Williams, MP for Great Marlow 1820–1868 and Father of the House of Commons  December 1867 – 1868, of Craig-y-Don near Beaumaris on Anglesey and Temple House, near Marlow.  They had issue, two daughters.  The Earl was separated from his wife in 1877, after which she bore an illegitimate son, later known as Guy Bertrand (b.1881) whose father was George Spencer-Churchill, Marquess of Blandford, later 8th Duke of Marlborough. This son, baptized not until 1883 as a son of the 7th Earl, claimed the earldom (the claim was made presumably by his mother or maternal relatives), but was refused by the House of Lords in July 1885. The 7th Earl was succeeded in 1885 by his brother.
Charles Wightwick Finch, 8th Earl of Aylesford (1851–1924), brother. He married, firstly 1873, Hon. Georgiana Agnes Bagot, daughter of William Bagot, 3rd Baron Bagot. He married, secondly 16 April 1879 Marcella Araminta Victoria Linton, née Ross  (d. 1930), daughter of John Ross and widow of Captain John Wingfield Linton (by whom issue, one daughter Lady Brinckman); they had issue three sons and two daughters. He was succeeded by his grandson, only child of his eldest son Heneage Greville Finch, Lord Guernsey (1883–1914) killed in action in WW I.
Heneage Michael Charles Finch, 9th Earl of Aylesford (31 October 1908 – 28 May 1940), grandson of 8th Earl, killed in action in WW II. He married 18 April 1940 (as her second husband) Pamela Elizabeth Coventry (16 October 1901 – 4 May 1990), elder daughter of the cricketer Colonel Hon. Charles John Coventry (1867–1929) (second son of George Coventry, 9th Earl of Coventry) and former wife of James George Greville Dugdale (1898–1964) of Wroxall Abbey, Warwick, Warwickshire, but had no issue by her (one stepdaughter). The earldom passed upon his death to his uncle.
Charles Daniel Finch-Knightley, 10th Earl of Aylesford (23 August 1886 – 20 March 1958), uncle. He married Aileen Boyle (d. 30 August 1977), daughter of William McCormac Boyle, in 1918 and had issue two sons.
Charles Ian Finch-Knightley, 11th Earl of Aylesford (1918–2008), son.
Charles Finch-Knightley, 12th Earl of Aylesford (born 1947)

Present peer
Heneage Charles Finch-Knightley, 12th Earl of Aylesford (born 27 March 1947) is the son of the 11th Earl and his wife Margaret Rosemary Tyer. Styled as Lord Guernsey from 1958, he was educated at Oundle School and Trinity College, Cambridge. He is also now known as Charles Aylesford.

In 1986, he was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of the West Midlands and in 1990 was promoted to Vice-Lord-Lieutenant of the West Midlands, from which post he retired in 2015.

On 19 February 2008 he succeeded his father as Earl of Aylesford and Baron Guernsey.

In 1971 Lord Guernsey, as he then was, married Penelope Anstice Crawley, daughter of Kenneth Arnold Gibbs Crawley and a niece of Aidan Crawley, and they had four daughters and one son:

Lady Rachel Louise Finch-Knightley (born 1974)
Lady Kate Pamela Finch-Knightley (born 1974)
Lady Alexandra Rosemary Finch-Knightley (born 1977)
Lady Laura Charlotte Finch-Knightley (born 1982)
Heneage James Daniel Finch-Knightley, Lord Guernsey (born 1985), heir apparent. Married Georgina Harker (2012), and has a son, Hon. Alfred Charles Heneage Finch-Knightley (born 2014).

In 1997 Lord Guernsey and his family were living at Packington Hall, Meriden.

References

External links

Earldoms in the Peerage of Great Britain
1714 establishments in Great Britain

Noble titles created in 1714
People educated at Oundle School

Earl of Aylesford


Svetomartinski krampuslauf je turističko-folklorna manifestacija iz Međimurske županije. Povorka je to kostimiranih likova koja se održava u predbožićno vrijeme, povodom obilježavanja dana Svetog Nikole.
Manifestacija je turističke naravi i usmjerena je prema inozemnim i domaćim posjetiteljima. Povorku se održava radi upoznavanja zaboravljene tradicije u općini Svetom Martinu na Muri. Promiče se općinu i županiju, računajući na dolazak gostiju iz Slovenije, Italije, Austrije, Njemačke. Sudionici povorke su domaći i inozemni. Više je od 350 sudionika. Predstavljaju tradiciju svojih država i mjesta.

Izvori

(): Visit Medjimurje Svetomartinski krampuslauf » Manifestacije » Ostale

Međimurska županija
Manifestacije u Hrvatskoj

Svetomartinski Krampuslauf


يشير مصطلح (معبد القدس أو المعبد المقدس) إلى الهيكلين الدينيين المدمرين اليوم واللذان كانا بمثابة أماكن عبادة مركزية للإسرائيليين واليهود في الحرم القدسي في البلدة القديمة في القدس. بحسب العقيدة اليهودية فإن المعبد أو جبل المعبد هو كرسي الله على الأرض.

وفقًا للكتاب المقدس العبري؛ بني الهيكل الأول في القرن العاشر قبل الميلاد في عهد سليمان اثناء حكمه لمملكة إسرائيل الموحدة، وظل قائما حتى عام 587 قبل الميلاد عندما تم تدميره أثناء الحصار البابلي للقدس. بعد قرن تقريبًا بني الهيكل الثاني بعد أن أطاحت الإمبراطورية الأخمينية الفارسية بالإمبراطورية البابلية الجديدة. صمد الهيكل الثاني لفترة أطول من الهيكل الأول لكنه تدمر في النهاية أثناء الحصار الروماني لأورشليم في عام 70 م.

مراجع

اليهودية في القدس
تاريخ القدس
خيم ومعابد في القدس
مهرجانات الحج الثلاث

معبد القدس


Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (22 Ocak 1729 - 15 Şubat 1781), Alman yazar, filozof, gazeteci ve Alman Edebiyatının ilk önemli eleştirmenidir. Aydınlanma Çağı'nın önde gelen temsilcilerindendir.

Antik Yunan ve Roma eserlerini taklit etmek yerine, William Shakespeare'nin eserlerini temel alarak, özellikle drama üzerine yoğunlaşmış ve 1779 yılında, son büyük dramı olan, Haçlı Seferleri sırasında Kudüs'te geçen olayda Musevilik, Hristiyanlık ve İslam'ı simgeleyen "üç halka" konusunu ele aldığı, dinsel bir sorgulama niteliğindeki Bilge Nathan'ı (Nathan der Weise) yazarak; güçlü bir savunucusu olduğu aydınlanma felsefesini, aklın kullanılmasını etkili bir biçimde ifade etmiştir. Bıraktığı eserlerle, "Millî Alman Edebiyatı"nın gelişimini hızlandıracak bir zemin oluşturmuştur. 1765'te Hamburg ulusal tiyatro açıldıktan sonra büyük bir gelişme gösterdi. 38 yaşında olan Lessing bu gelişimin öncüsü oldu. birçok demene yazdı ve bu denemeleri hamburg dramaturjisi başlığı altında topladı. yarı-klasik kurallara karşıydı. klasik kurallar antik sahneler içindir, kendi döneminin klasik kurallara uygun olmadığını, yeni kuralların getirilmesi gerektiğini savunmuştur.

Yaşamı
Lessing Saksonya eyâleti'nde küçük bir kasaba olan Kamenz'de dünyaya geldi. Babası bir papaz ve dini yazılar yazan Lessing, Kamenz'deki Latin okulu (1737) ve Meissen'deki Fürstenschule St. Afra okulunu bitirdikten sonra (1741) Leipzig'de 1746-1748 yılları arasında Leipzig'de teoloji ve tıp eğitimi aldı.

1748 - 1760 yılları arasında Leipzig ve Berlin'de yaşadı ve Vossische Zeitung isimli gazetede editör olarak çalıştı. 1752 yılında Wittenberg'de yüksek lisans yaptı ve 1760 - 1765 yılları arasında Breslau'da (bugün Wroclaw) General Tauentzien'in sekreteri olarak çalıştı. 1765 yılında Berlin'e döndü; ancak 1767 yılında Hamburg'da drama yazarlığı ve Milli Alman Tiyatrosu'nun danışmanlığını yaptı. Orada, eşi Eva König ile tanıştı.

Kaynakça

1729 doğumlular
Kamenz doğumlular
1781 yılında ölenler
18. yüzyılda Almanlar
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18. yüzyıl Alman yazarları
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Deistler
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Prusya Bilim Akademisi üyeleri

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing


Događaji

Rođenja

Smrti
 25. siječnja – Gajzerik, kralj Vandala i Alana od 428. (* 389.)

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

477.


Košarka 3 na 3 u programu je Mediteranskih igara od 2018. godine. Zamijenio je košarku, koje više nema u programu.

Izdanja

Vječna ljestvica

Košarka 3 na 3 na Mediteranskim igrama


Casă de târgoveț, birouri ale Institutului Național al Patrimoniului este un monument istoric aflat pe teritoriul municipiului București. Este cunoscută și sub numele Casa Voina, după numele ultimului proprietar înainte de naționalizarea din 1950.

Începând din sec.XVI, Domnia a dat locuri de casă diferiți lor boieri și negustori care aduceau slujbe Domnului și Țării. Aceste locuri au fost date din locurile domnești care plecau de la poalele viei de lângă Curte și au alcătuit pe Podul Beilicului (Calea Șerban Vodă) Mahalaua Slobozia Domnească. În 1…82, Alexandru Coconul, fiul lui Radu Mihnea, înființează aici o "pepinieră de meseriași"- împământenește cioplitori în piatră din Dalmația Venețiană, pentru utilizarea lor la construcția ctitoriei familiei sale de la Radu Vodă. De-a lungul Podului Beilicului, drum pe care veneau trimișii Porții spre a mazili sau înscăuna "beii" (domnii Țării Românești), s-au mai dezvoltat și alte mahalale: Mahalaua Șerban Vodă, Mahalaua Spiridon Nou, Mahalaua Sf. Ecaterina, Mahalaua Flamandă. Pe acest drum al Beilicului veneau și  negustori de toate neamurile ceea ce a favorizat apariția hanurilor: Hanul Sf. Ecaterina, Caravanseraiul, Hanul Grădișteanu.

La 1810, Mahalaua Slobozia număra 406 enoriași, fiind a treia ca mărime în București.

La 18 martie 1865 se dă Legea privind canalizarea și rectificarea cursului Dâmboviței, fapt ce va avea implicații majore în evoluția ulterioară a construcțiilor din zonă. În această perioadă de lucrări edilitare și de sistematizare a traseelor unor străzi, se modernizează pavajul de pe Calea Șerban Vodă.

În 1883, Serviciul Tehnic al Primăriei Comunei București, dă câteva "Regule pentru Construcțiuni din nou în Capitală" precum și "Regule pentru Reparațiuni". În acest context al evoluției Mahalalei Slobozia din "Podul Beilicului", precum și în cadrul legislativ fixat prin actele normative enumerate, se încadrează și Casa de Târgoveț de la nr.33. Evoluția casei poate fi determinată prin actele existente în Arhivele Statului:

- la 23 martie1883, proprietarul casei, Grigore Stănescu, solicita o autorizație pentru eliminarea prispei de la stradă, care iese din aliniere, înlocuirea învelitorii de olane cu una de tablă, modificarea fațadei și efectuarea unor reparații.

- la 21 iunie 1896, Iuliana și Ecaterina Stănescu, moștenitoarele casei, cer permisiunea primarului de a dărâma și reface zidul de la stradă în vederea unei noi alinieri precum și refacerea zidului dinspre proprietatea vecină la nord.

- 1775 – 1800 - construcție inițială (cu prispa pe trei laturi)

- 1883 - modificarea alinierii prin eliminarea prispei de la stradă, modificarea fațadei, schimbarea învelitorii din olane cu una din tablă

- 1896 - refacerea fațadei exterioare prin retragerea zidului de la stradă în vederea noii alinieri, modificându-se astfel și suprafața interioară a casei.

Note

Monumente istorice din București


is a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.

As of June 2012, the city has an estimated population of 58,087, and a population density of 3,350 per km². The total area is .

Geography
Zushi is located at the head of Miura Peninsula, facing Sagami Bay on the Pacific Ocean. The city is built on an alluvial plain formed by the  and surrounded by low, steep hills.

Surrounding municipalities
Kamakura
Yokosuka
Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama
Hayama

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Zushi has remained relatively steady since 1980.

History
The area of Zushi has been inhabited since prehistoric times, and numerous Kofun period and Yayoi period remains have been discovered. During the Heian period, it came under the control of the Miura clan, and during the Kamakura period formed part of the outer fortifications for Kamakura. The port of Kotsubo is mentioned frequently in the Azuma Kagami. The name 'Zushi' has been written in many different ways, including . The term "zushi" itself means a street, an alley or an intersection and came to the Kantō region from Kyoto. One of its first appearances is in a Hōjō clan document as . During the Edo period, along with most of eastern Sagami Province, the area was tenryō territory under direct control of the Tokugawa shogunate, and administered by various hatamoto.

In the April 1, 1889, cadastral reform after the Meiji Restoration, Tagoe Village within Miura District Kanagawa Prefecture was created through the merger of six local hamlets. Development of the area was encouraged by the opening of the Yokosuka Line railway on June 16, 1889. Tagoe Village changed its name to Zushi Village on April 1, 1924; however, on April 1, 1943 it was annexed by Yokusuka city. Zushi regained its status as an independent municipality on July 1, 1950, as Zushi Town. City status was gained on April 15, 1954. Zushi developed as a resort area in the 1960s, with the opening of Zushi Marina in 1967. In the mid-1990s, the city was the center of a political controversy involving the creation of a housing area for the United States Navy at Ikego, the site of a former Imperial Japanese Navy ammunition depot, to support the expansion of nearby Yokosuka Naval Base. When the citizens of Zushi first learned of these plans in the 1980s, they organized a movement to save the Ikego Forest. Led by the women of the town, the movement sought preservation of Ikego as a park and wildlife sanctuary. A decade of opposition by the citizens of Zushi had been effective in slowing the development. The construction was definitely forced through in 1994, when the Zushi Municipal Government finally accepted 854 housing units after winning a promise from the central government to Zushi and Kanagawa Prefecture that it would not build any more facilities in the Ikego area. However, a plan contravening this agreement was introduced in July 2003. To prevent the building of 800 additional U.S. military housing units a citizen's group called the Association to Stop the US Residential Construction and to Protect Ikego Forest launched an opposition movement in 2004.

Government and politics
 2006 Zushi mayoral election

Economy
Zushi is a popular beach resort, and has attracted many famous writers (e.g. Roka Tokutomi), media personalities (e.g. Yujiro Ishihara and Mino Monta), musicians and politicians (e.g. Shintaro Ishihara) as either a residence or location for a second home. The city is largely a bedroom community for Tokyo and Yokohama. It is the home of Shonan Beach FM radio station (FM and internet radio).

Transportation

Rail
JR East – Yokosuka Line
 ・
Keikyū Zushi Line
 ・

Highways
National Route 134

Local attractions

 Ganden-ji, number two of the Bandō Sanjūsankasho
 Hosshō-ji, Nichiren-sect temple that is supposed to lie on the spot where Nichiren was rescued from a mob by three white monkeys.

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities
Zushi is twinned with:
  Ikaho, Gunma, Japan (1979)
  Nazaré, Portugal (2004)

Notable people

The following are some notable residents of Zushi.
Takeshi Aikoh – professional baseball player
iri – singer
Nobuteru Ishihara – politician
Hirotaka Ishihara – politician
Tamio Kawachi – actor
Ritomo Miyata – racing driver
Risako Sugaya – singer
Mutsuo Takahashi – writer
Rita Taketsuru – wife of Masataka Taketsuru, founder of Nikka Whisky
Kaori Yoneyama – professional wrestler

References

External links

Official Website

Cities in Kanagawa Prefecture
Populated coastal places in Japan
Populated places established in 1950
1950 establishments in Japan

Zushi, Kanagawa


Manuel Trigueros Muñoz (Talavera de la Reina, 17. listopada 1991.) je španjolski profesionalni nogometaš. Trenutno igra kao središnji vezni igrač za Villarrealu.

Klupska karijera
Rođen u Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Kastilja-La Mancha, Trigueros je započeo svoju karijeru s Realom Murcia, a njegov senior je debitirao s B-timom i pušten u prodaju u lipnju 2010. nakon što je glavna reprezentacija odbačena iz druge divizije. Potom je potpisao za Villarreal CF, koji je dodijeljen C-strani.

Trigueros je službeno debitirao Villarrealom B 4. lipnja 2011. godine, igrajući 30 minuta u dvostrukom gubitku protiv Real Betisa za drugo prvenstvo. Dana 11. veljače 2012. postigao je svoj prvi pogodak u 1-3 gubitku u CE Sabadell FC, relativno se igrao tijekom sezone, ali je poražen, iako je momčad završila na 12. mjestu, kao i prva momčad koja je također pala na razinu La Liga.

U lipnju 2012., Trigueros je definitivno promaknut u glavnu momčad. Pridonio je 36 utakmica i 3 golova u prvoj godini nakon što je stigao, pomažući Villarrealu da se vrati odakle je došao.

Trigueros je 19. kolovoza 2013. godine postao prvorazredan nastup na vrhu leta, koji je na 53. minuti zamijenio za Tomás Pina u 3-2 uspjehu u Almeriji. Kao početnik osvojio je svoj prvi gol u konkurenciji, a drugi je bio u 3-1 domaćoj pobjedi nad Osasunom 3. veljače 2014. godine.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Profil na Villarrealu

Španjolski nogometaši
Nogometaši Villarreala
Aktivni nogometaši

Manu Trigueros


An Billbergia velascana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Martín Cárdenas Hermosa. An Billbergia velascana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Billbergia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Bolivia. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Billbergia

Billbergia velascana


Sergi Bastidas (* fevereiro 1954 em Barcelona, Espanha) é designer e arquiteto autodidacta . É conhecido internacionalmente pela abordagem integrante dos edifícios históricos e pela preservação das estruturas originais.

Após concluir a escola, Sergi Bastidas frequentou a Escola d'Arts i Oficis de Barcelona, tendo iniciado a sua carreira no atelier de Enric Franch Miret. A colaboração com o renomeado designer industrial permitiu a Bastidas participar em diversos concursos do Foment de les Arts i del Disseny, ADI-FAD.

A partir da década de 1980, Bastidas concentrou-se, em particular, na arquitetura das Ilhas Baleares e executou, especialmente para edifícios do século XVIII, conceitos que visavam uma utilização ecologicamente moderna, conservando ao máximo o seu caráter original.

Com essa finalidade em mente, recorreu a oficinas de artesãos locais e reavivou técnicas de produção em parte esquecidas: o fabrico de tijolos romanos, as técnicas de entrançado de caniço natural, a construção de muros tradicionais de pedra seca e a alvenaria de argamassa feita com brita e pedra solta.

Na reconstrução e ampliação de edifícios históricos, os elementos de construção tradicionais não asseguram apenas a originalidade da substância inicial. Em combinação com técnicas modernas, melhoram a acústica, o isolamento térmico e o equilíbrio energético, especialmente em edifícios que são usados ao longo de todo o ano, como, por exemplo, o hotel Can Ferrereta, original do século XVIII, ou o edifício Can O'Ryan, que data do mesmo século, os quais formam, juntamente com um cinema antigo, o atual Rialto Living, um conjunto de edifícios no centro histórico de Palma de Maiorca.

Os elementos tradicionais são igualmente incorporados na realização de edifícios novos: nas cidades, as moradias são integradas nos bairros adjacentes de traça antiga e as moradias independentes encontram-se em harmonia com a paisagem.

Um exemplo da arquitetura bioclimática no espaço social é a Escola Rural de Ameskar, na província de Tinghir, na cordilheira marroquina do Atlas. Em 2017, fundos angariados pela fundação francesa da Marathon des Sables, MDS Solidarité, e pelo próprio Bastidas permitiram a renovação total e a ampliação da escola recorrendo a materiais e elementos construtivos de origem sobretudo local. Assim, foi possível assegurar que as salas de aula, os dormitórios e as salas dos professores satisfizessem as elevadas exigências climatéricas daquela região montanhosa e que a cozinha e as instalações sanitárias funcionassem mesmo com temperaturas exteriores de até -20 °C. O resultado não foi apenas importante para a formação de identidade dos habitantes da comunidade de Ameskar et Tahtani; também facilitou as futuras intervenções de manutenção do edifício da escola por parte dos artesãos locais.

Em 2021, Sergi Bastidas foi homenageado com o Prêmio Rafael Manzano, doado por Richard H. Driehaus, pela sua abordagem cuidada a edifícios históricos, jardins e parques circundantes. A cerimónia de entrega do maior prémio da Península Ibérica para a nova arquitetura tradicional decorreu na Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, em Madrid. Fundamentação do júri, excerto de citação: "Os edifícios por ele concebidos parecem fundir-se com o território onde se encontram, graças à sua atenção à topografia, clima, materiais e tradições construtivas locais, à forma como o local tem sido utilizado historicamente, e à vegetação e paisagem. É, portanto, um grande defensor dos materiais de construção mais naturais e sustentáveis e que, além disso, trazem calor e humanidade às suas obras: pedra, cal, madeira, cana, etc." A distinção foi da autoria de Léon Krier.

Sergi Bastidas é membro honorário da International Network for Traditional Building Architecture and Urbanism, INTBAU, e vive em Maiorca.

Bibliografia
 Piscinas, Ediciones Librería Universitaria de Barcelona, S.L., 2003, 84-89978-63-8 (em espanhol)
 Balearic Retreats, editora: Beta-Plus Publishing 2018, EAN 9782875500557 (em inglês e em espanhol)
 Ultimate Bathroom Design, editor TeNeues Verlag Augsburg 2004, ISBN 9783823845966 (em inglês)
 Landhäuser auf Mallorca, Editorial: Taschen 2000, ISBN 3-8228-6012-3 (em alemão)
 Mallorca mit Stil, editora: Thomas Niederste-Werbeck, editor Callwey München 2019, ISBN 978-3-7667-2384-0 (em alemão)

Ligações externas
 Planete Deco 2019-10-16 (em francês e em inglês)
 Official Site (em espanhol, em inglês e em alemão)

Designers da Espanha
Arquitetos da Espanha

Sergi Bastidas


Penacova belediyesi, Portekiz'in Centro bölgesine bağlı Baixo Mondego altbölgesinin belediyelerinden biridir.

Bucaklar
Belediyede 11 bucak (Portekizce: freguesia) yer almaktadır.

 Carvalho
 Figueira de Lorvão
 Friúmes
 Lorvão
 Oliveira do Mondego
 Paradela
 Penacova
 São Paio do Mondego
 São Pedro de Alva
 Sazes do Lorvão
 Travanca do Mondego

Dış bağlantılar

 Penacova şehrinin fotoğrafları

Baixo Mondego'nun belediyeleri
Portekiz'deki kasabalar

Penacova


Lev Alekseievitch Perfilov (en ), né le  à Kolomna et décédé le  à Kiev, est un acteur soviétique et ukrainien.

Biographie
En 1956, Lev Perfilov est diplômé de l'École supérieure d'art dramatique Mikhaïl Chtchepkine. De 1956 à 1963, il est acteur du théâtre national d'acteur de cinéma, depuis 1963 - acteur du studio Dovjenko.
Il jouait principalement des rôles épisodiques et des rôles de soutien, et interprétait généralement les personnages négatifs. Au total, sa carrière compte 120 films. Il est fait artiste émérite de la RSS d'Ukraine en 1988.

Mort le , il est enterré au cimetière boisé de Kiev.

Filmographie
 1956 : Pavel Kortchaguine () de Alexandre Alov et Vladimir Naoumov : Frantz Klavitchek
 1957 : Le Duel () de Vladimir Petrov : Lobov
 1971 : Olessia  () de Boris Ivtchenko : l'aubergiste
 1971 : La Hardiesse (Дерзость) de Gueorgui Jungwald-Khilkevitch : garde (non crédité)
 1972 : Boumbarache () de  et  :  : frère de Boumbarache
 1973 : Et l'acier fut trempé () de Nikolaï Machtchenko : Yarochevski
 1976 : Les Jours des Tourbine de Vladimir Bassov :
 1979 : Il ne faut jamais changer le lieu d'un rendez-vous de Stanislav Govoroukhine : photographe criminaliste
 1979 : Les Aventures d'Elektronik () d'Konstantin Bromberg : Lioug
 1981 : Les Aventures de Tom Sawyer et Huckleberry Finn () de Stanislav Govoroukhine : pasteur
 1982 : Les larmes coulaient () de Gueorgui Danielia : propriétaire de piano
 1983 : Le Fourgon vert () d'Aleksander Pavlovski : rabatteur
 1986 : Kin-dza-dza! () de Gueorgui Danielia : Kyrr
 1989 : Un dieu rebelle () de Peter Fleischmann : Budach Impersonator

Notes et références

Source

Liens externes

Acteur soviétique
Acteur ukrainien
Naissance en février 1933
Naissance à Kolomna
Naissance en RSFS de Russie
Décès en janvier 2000
Décès à Kiev
Décès à 66  ans

Lev Perfilov


Lydia was an Iron Age kingdom of western Asia Minor.

Lydia may also refer to:

Arts and media

Music
 Lydia (band), an indie rock band
 Lydia (singer) (born 1980), Spanish pop singer
 "Lydia" (Fur Patrol song), 2000
 "Lydia" (Highly Suspect song), 2015
 "Lydia", a song by Dean Friedman, 1978
 "Lydia", a song by F.I.R. from F.I.R., 2004
 "Lydia", a song by Jonathan Richman from Back in Your Life, 1979
 Lydia, a 1974 album by Cold Blood
 "Lydia", an 1871 composition by Gabriel Fauré

Other media
 Lydia (film), a 1941 film by Julien Duvivier
 Lydia (play), a 2008 play by Octavio Solis
 HMS Lydia, a fictional ship commanded by Horatio Hornblower in The Happy Return, a novel by C.S. Forester
 Lydia (The Walking Dead), a fictional character from The Walking Dead

People
Lydia (name), a feminine first name (includes a list of people named Lydia)

Places
 Lydia (satrapy), an administrative province (satrapy) of the Achaemenid Empire
 Lydia, Kansas
 Lydia, Louisiana
 Lydia, Minnesota
 Lydia, South Carolina
 Lydia, Virginia
 110 Lydia, an asteroid

Ships
 Lydia (whaling bark), a wrecked ship beneath King Street in San Francisco, California, US
 MV Moonta or Lydia, a passenger ship
 USS Lydia, a list of United States Navy ships
 USS Lydia (ID-3524), a cargo ship in commission from 1918 to 1919
 USS Lydia (SP-62), a patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1919

See also
 "Lydia the Tattooed Lady", a 1939 song written by Harold Arlen and Yip Harburg
 Lidia (disambiguation)
 Lydian (disambiguation)

Lydia (disambiguation)


نظم كهروميكانيكية مايكروية احيائية أو (البايو ممس) (البايو ممس) وهي فئة خاصة من الممس (أو نظم كهروميكانيكية صغرى)، حيث المادة الاحيائية يتلاعب بها بالتحليل والقياس لاي غرض من أغراض الدراسة العلمية.

هذا النوع من الأجهزة ينتمي إلى واحدة من أكثر المجالات العلمية المثيرة للتنمية على أساس التقانة المايكروية microtechnology.

و من أهم التطبيقات البيولوجية الموجودة في (البايو ممس) هي : الطبية الحيوية والبيولوجية والتحليل والقياس، وتحليل النظم الصغيرة.

انظر أيضا

 التقانة النانوية الحيوية
 نظم كهروميكانيكية صغرى
 تقانة نانوية

مصادر

وصلات خارجية
 بايو ممس- معلومات مفيدة
 جامعة جون هوبكنز-بايو ممس
 جامعة كاليفورنيا-بايو ممس

تقانة مايكروية
تقنية النانو
علم الموائع الدقيق
هندسة طبية حيوية
هندسة الكهرباء

نظم كهروميكانيكية مايكروية احيائية


Puppy love, also known as a crush, is an informal term for feelings of romantic love, often felt during childhood and early adolescence. It is an infatuation usually developed by someone's looks and attractiveness at first sight. Such feelings fade away when the object of attraction stays out of sight for a while, whereas the feeling of real love takes a long time to develop and does not fade with time and or in the absence of the other. It is named for its resemblance to the adoring, worshipful affection that may be felt by a puppy. Puppy love typically lasts between 2 months and 2 years, and is thought to be fueled by preadolescent hormones. Some scientists, however, think it is initiated as a result of the natural development of the brain at the onset of preadolescence.

The term can be used in a derogatory fashion, presuming the affair to be shallow and transient in comparison to other forms of love. Sigmund Freud, however, was far from underestimating the power of early love, recognizing the validity of "the proverbial durability of first loves".

Characteristics
Puppy love is a common experience in the process of maturing. The object of attachment may be a peer, but the term can also describe the fondness of a child for an adult. Most often, the object of the child's infatuation is someone years older, like a teacher, friend of the family, actor, or musician, about whom the child will spend their time daydreaming or fantasizing.

A crush is described as a coming-of-age experience where the child is given a sense of individualism because they feel intimate emotions for a person not part of their own family.

History

In 1950, China promulgated the Marriage Law, which established a new democratic marriage system of monogamy with freedom and equality as the core concept. Among other things, the Marriage Law stipulated that "a man may marry at the age of 20 and a woman at the age of 18." However, since the 1960s, as China's population growth problem became more pronounced and the years of education were extended, the concept of "late marriage and late childbearing" began to be commonly advocated, followed by the formation and stigmatization of the concept of "early love." As late as the 1990s, China continued to crack down on "early love" among college students.

After the new marriage law came into effect in 1980, the legal age of marriage in China was adjusted to "no earlier than 22 for men and 20 for women." The act of "early love" was considered contrary to the policy of the time, and was increasingly rejected by social values and equated with "feudal superstition" and "obscenity and pornography".

In recent years, with the change of family planning policy and the gradual opening of the concept of marriage, the age range of "early love" is basically narrowed down to junior high and high school years. However, under the academic pressure of "one exam for life" and the traditional concept of marriage, schools and parents still have a negative attitude towards the phenomenon of "early love", worrying that the youthful love will take up the energy of the children and have a negative impact on their studies and their health. Therefore, the current social environment is not conducive to early love. Therefore, the current social environment for the phenomenon of "early love" is still based on preventive measures, do not support or advocate, if it happens, the school level may intervene depending on the situation.

Statistics

China
The 2022 Child Welfare League study of Taiwan students aged 11-15 showed that:

 Nearly 40% of junior high school students and over 20% of elementary school students said they wanted to fall in love now
 32.9% of children said they had fallen in love, up significantly from 26.6% in 2014;
 38.7% of the longest relationship lasted less than three months, 59.1% lasted less than six months, and 22.8% of the longest relationship more than one year;
 44.5% thought that falling in love could hold hands and hug, 19.7% could kiss, and 4.2% could have sex.

A survey of high school students in a provincial model high school in Sichuan in 2021 showed:

 64.9% had not been in love, 27.7% had been in love one to three times, and 6.4% had been in love four to six times;
 10.6% were in love, and most of the students who were in love ranked higher in the most recent exam than the last one, different from most teachers' claim that most early love is detrimental to academic performance.

A survey of parents of high school students in Panyu Middle School in Guangdong in 2004 showed that:

 23.5% of parents were firmly opposed to adolescent love, 56.6% did not support it, and 16.2% understood it;
 13.2% of parents were firmly opposed to high school students dating the opposite sex, 33.8% did not support it, 48.6% did not care or understood it, and 11.8% agreed with it;
 43.4% of parents thought that teenagers do not necessarily need heterosexual relationships to grow up;
 23.4% of fathers and 12.5% of mothers will interfere and criticize their children after finding out they are in love.

United States
Data from Add Health in the United States shows:

 About a quarter of 12-year-olds report having been in a relationship, and nearly three-quarters of 18-year-olds report having been in a relationship.
 Female, older, adolescents with step-parents are less likely to have never been in a relationship, and African-American, Asian, and low-income adolescents are more likely to have never been in a relationship, while African-American, low-income adolescents, once in a relationship, tend to skip casual dating and develop a stable relationship.
 Female, older, adolescents with step-parents were more likely to maintain a stable relationship, while Asian adolescents were less likely.
 Adolescents who were female, older, and from incomplete or low-income families were more likely to have sexual intercourse with a lover.
 Female adolescents were more likely to report having emotional intimacy, while African-American and Latino adolescents were less likely. Adolescents with more relationship experiences were significantly more likely to be alone with their lovers, to have sexual intercourse, and to report excellent emotional intimacy.

Cultural and entertainment presentation
Western, Japanese and Thai anime, feature films and children's dramas directly depict underage relationships, as seen in Disney animation, superhero comics and many works of Hayao Miyazaki. Western films and television works also focus on the beauty of underage relationships, which also stimulates the intrinsic motivation of the protagonists to strive to become better for each other, and even achieve a two-way relationship that promotes and supports each other.

Mainland Chinese film and television productions tend to avoid underage relationships, but not completely, and occasionally they end in sadness, thus "conveying to the teenage audience the value of staying away from early love". In 2002, mainland China introduced the Japanese animation "Chibi Maruko-chan", deleting the single episode related to the emotional development of the male and female protagonists in their early teens, and altering the male protagonist's final "I like you" confession to "I've always thought you were nice". Underage relationships are often the result of long periods of time together and slow accumulation of feelings in mainland Chinese films and television productions, and are often presented as a distraction from important matters and detrimental to the protagonist's life, in which the parents are treated like enemies and the protagonist often gives in and gives up in the face of external obstacles.

In mainland China, the current General Rules for the Production of TV Series Content, issued in late 2015, the current General Rules for Content Review of Internet Audio-Visual Programs, issued in 2017, and the current Rules for Content Review Standards for Internet Short Video, issued in 2019, all refer to "early love among minors" as " bad behavior", "adverse effects on minors" or "detrimental to the healthy growth of minors", stating that "content showing minors in early love" The content of the "expression of early love" "shall not appear." The current regulation, "Regulations on the Administration of Programs for Minors," published by order of the General Administration of Radio, Film and Television in 2019, also states that "programs for minors shall not" "affirm or approve of early romance among minors."

In popular culture

 Canadian singer Paul Anka wrote and released the single "Puppy Love" in 1960, reaching number 2 in the Billboard Hot 100.
 The remake by Donny Osmond peaked at number 1 in the UK Singles Chart and number 3 in the US in 1972.
 Country singer Dolly Parton's first single, released in the 1950s when she was a child, was also called "Puppy Love".
 Singer Barbara Lewis released a song entitled "Puppy Love" in January 1964.
 Australian rock band Front End Loader featured a song called "Puppy Love" on their 1992 eponymous album.
 Bow Wow released a song called "Puppy Love" in January 2001.
 Hip hop artist Brother Ali wrote a song about puppy love titled "You Say (Puppy Love)".
 The electric powwow group A Tribe Called Red released a song titled "Native Puppy Love" on their self-titled album.
 F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote short stories "valuing the intuitiveness of puppy love over mature, reasoned affection...[its] 'unreal, undesirous medley of ecstasy and peace'".
 Hopper Penn and Paz de la Huerta starred in the 2020 Canadian comedy drama film Puppy Love written and directed by Michael Maxxis.
 In 2023, Nick Fabiano and Richard Alan Reid directed the film Puppy Love starring Lucy Hale and Grant Gustin.

See also
 Attraction
 Childhood friend
 Childhood sweetheart
 Infatuation
 Limerence
 New relationship energy
 Puppy love in mainland China
 Teen idol
Unrequited love

References

Romance
Child sexuality
Child development

da:Forelskelse

Puppy love


Sitomegalovirüs (Cytomegalovirus, CMV), herpes virüsleri (Herpesviridae) familyasının Betaherpesvirinae alt familyasına dahil olan bir virüs cinsidir. İnsanlarda enfeksiyon etkeni olan CMV türü insan herpes virüsü 5 (Human herpesvirus 5, HHV-5) olarak bilinse de bu tür için de "sitomegalovirüs" adı daha sık kullanılır.

Herpesviridae
Virüs hastalıkları
Teratojenler

Sitomegalovirüs


Peştuca (Peştuca: پښتو - Devanagari-Paahthaan), Afganca, Paştuca ve Pahtuca olarak da bilinen, Afganistan'da ve Pakistan'ın batı kesiminde yaşayan Peştunların konuştuğu dil. Hint-Avrupa dillerinin Hint-İran dilleri öbeğine bağlıdır. Kırk beş harfli bir alfabesi vardır. Bazı sesler Sanskritçede de bulunur.

Peştuca, bu dile uyarlanmış Arap alfabesiyle yazılır. Afganca, çok büyük bir ölçüde Hintçe, Belucice, Brohice, Urduca ve Pencapça gibi Hindistan ve Pakistan  dillerinin etkisinin altında kalmıştır. Ayrıca Farsça ve Arapçadan girmiş çok sayıda kelimeye rastlanır. Peştuca, eski İran ve Hint dillerine özgü özellikler de taşımaktadır.

Peştuca, 16. yüzyılda yazıya geçirilmeye başlandı. 18. yüzyılda Afgan devleti kurulunca dilin önemi daha da arttı. 1936 yılında Afganistan'ın resmî dili oldu. Günümüzde Peştuca Afganistan'da eğitim dilidir. Ülkedeki ikinci dil ise Farsçadır. Afganistan ve Pakistan'ın dışında Hindistan ve Bangladeş'te konuşulabilir. Bazı dil bilimciler Peştucayı, Urduca ve Farsçanın bir lehçesi olarak kabul ederler. Yazıya geçirilmesi çok geç olduğu için kelime birliği sağlanamamış, büyük ölçüde Arapça, Farsça ve Hintçenin etkisi altına girmiştir. Bu dilde verilen yapıtlar daha çok İslamî medrese ürünleridir. 10'a yakın Kur'an çevirisi bulunmaktadır.

Peştuca Vikipedi ise Eylül 2003'te kurulmuştur.

Kaynakça

Doğu İran dilleri
Afganistan'daki diller
Belucistan'daki diller
İran'daki diller
Pakistan'daki diller

Peştuca


Juan Ortiz de Zárate (geboren im 20. Jahrhundert) ist ein argentinischer Komponist.

Ortiz besuchte das Konservatorium von La Lucila und studierte an der Universidad Católica Argentina. Er setzte seine Ausbildung in Frankreich am IRCAM und in Deutschland an der Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Stuttgart, wo er Schüler von Helmut Lachenmann war. Seine Dissertation verfasste er an der University of Edinburgh. Ein Stipendium des Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienstes ermöglichte im zwischen 1991 und 1994 den Besuch der Darmstädter Ferienkurse.

Seine Kompositionen wurden bei internationalen Wettbewerben wie dem Concurso Internacional de Composición del S.O.D.R.E. in Uruguay und dem Concurso Internacional de Composición Rodolfo Halfter in Mexiko aufgeführt und u. a. mit Preisen der SADAIC und des Fondo Nacional de las Artes, dem Premio Municipal und dem Premio Regional-Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación ausgezeichnet. Er unterrichtet Komposition an der Universidad Católica Argentina und an der Universidad Maimónides. In Fachzeitschriften veröffentlichte er Beiträge u. a. über seinen Lehrer Lachenmann und über Brian Ferneyhough.

Werke
 Bsllada dell'Arte. für Tenor, Flöte, Violine und Klavier, 1986.
 Nocturno. für zwei Gitarren, 1986–87
 Un pequeno Lied. für Klarinette und zwei Gitarren, 1987.
 Dos piezas breves. für Flöte, Klarinette und zwei Gitarren, 1987.
 Musica para la Antigona de Jean Anouilh für Klavier, Harfe und Orchester, 1987–88
 E.S.Super… für zwei Violinen, Viola, Cello, Harfe, Klavier, Cembalo und zwei Perkussionisten, 1988.
 Leyenda. Ballett für Orchester, 1988.
 La Espada de Abbaddon. für Orchester, 1988–89·
 Concierto para Orquesta. 1989–90
 Genesis. für gemischten Chor und Orgel, 1990.
 Reflexiones I. für Flöte, Violine, Klavier und Perkussion, 1990–91
 Suoni immaginari. für Flöte, Violine, Gitarre und Perkussion, 1990–91
 Sobre Heroes y Tumbas. für Sopran und zehn Instrumente, 1991.
 Libro del consejo. für Tenor, Bariton, Kinderchor, gemischten·Chor und großes Orchester, 1991.
 Pieza I. für Streichquartett, 1992.
 Tres tristes tigres. für Bläsrtquintett und Klavier, 1992–93
 Zwischenfall. für fünf Perkussionisten, 1993–94
 Movimientos desintegra(b)les. für großes Orchester, 1995–96
 Puntos, Regiones…, de Referencia für Klavier und Orchester, 1996–97
 (Otras) Estructuras profanas I. für Marimba und vier Perkussionisten, 1997.
 A Christmas Carol. für Flöte, Klarinette, Violine, Cello, Mezzosopran, Klavier, zwei Perkussionisten und Elektroakustik, 1998.
 (Otras) Estructuras·profanas II. für Perkussion, 1999.
 First Sight for K. für Klavier, 1999–2000
 Second Sight for K. für Streichquartett, 2000–01
 Escena XII. für Sopran und Klavier, 2001–02·
 Entrada. für Orgel, 2002.
 K…, Kammeroper, 2002–03
 Puntos de Contacto. für Orchester mit Harfe und Klavier, 2003–04
 Madrigal Esperanzado. für Mezzosopran, Tenor, Bass, Posaune, Harfe, zwei Perkussionisten·und Violine, 2004.
 Aldonza. für Klavier, 2004–05
 …todo muda… für gemischten Chor a cappella, 2005.
 Escena CXIII. für zwei Flöten, Trompete, Stimme, Violine und Klavier, 2006.
 Breve Tratado sobre la Furia. für Flöte, Klarinette, Violine, Cellu und Klavier, 2007–08
 Hubo pues in antes… für Cello solo, 2008–09
 Can she excuse. für Flöte, Gitarre und Stimme, 2009.
 Pianissimo 1 y 2. für Klavier, 2008–09
 Monólogo V. für Flöte solo, 2010.
 Diario de un Proceso. Kammeroper, 2009–11

Quellen
 Pontifica Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Instituto de Música - Juan Ortiz de Zárate
 Reverbnation - Juan Ortiz de Zárate

Mann
Geboren im 20. Jahrhundert
Komponist (Argentinien)
Argentinier

Juan Ortiz de Zárate (Komponist)


Acer saccharum subsp. floridanum, es una subespecie de Acer saccharum, perteneciente a la familia de las sapindáceas. Se encuentra en los bosques del Atlántico y en la llanura costera de los Estados Unidos, desde el sureste de Virginia, en el norte, al sur en Florida y al oeste en Oklahoma y Tejas.

Descripción
Se trata de árbol de tamaño mediano a grande de hoja caduca, que crece hasta los 15-25 m (excepcionalmente 38 m) de altura, con una corona elíptica de densidad moderada, con un contorno liso o redondeado. La corteza es de color gris claro con gruesos bordes irregulares rizados, la corteza tiende a convertirse en plateada. Las ramas son delgadas, un poco brillantes, de color marrón rojizo. Los brotes terminales son puntiagudos, de color marrón y pubescentes. La hojas son opuestas, simples, palmatilobadas y venosas, de 3-9.5 cm de largo y 3.5 a 11 cm de ancho, con  tres o cinco lóbulos algo redondeados, y un largo pecíolo. Son de color verde por encima y más pálido y pubescente por debajo. En el otoño se vuelven de color naranja y amarillo. La flores son regulares, pentámeras, y aparecen corimbos.  El fruto es una disámara de 1.5-3 cm de largo.

Acer floridanum pueden ser fácilmente confundida en el campo con las especies estrechamente relacionadas Acer leucoderme y Acer saccharum. Se puede observar mejor la diferencia de A. saccharum observando las hojas más pequeñas, con lóbulos cortos y agudos, las más pequeñas sámaras, y la corteza más blanquecina. Varias superposiciones en genética entre estas dos especies se han encontrado en el este de Texas y en la zona de Maryland hacia el sur hasta el norte de Florida.

Taxonomía
Acer saccharum subsp. floridanum fue descrita por (Chapm.) Desmarais y publicado en Brittonia 7(5): 382, en el año 1952.
Sinonimia

 Acer barbatum Michx.
 Acer barbatum var. floridanum (Chapm.) Sarg.
 Acer barbatum f. floridanum (Chapm.) Fernald
 Acer barbatum var. glaucum Bush
 Acer barbatum var. glaucum (Pax) J.Rousseau
 Acer barbatum var. longii Fernald
 Acer barbatum f. platylobum Fernald
 Acer barbatum var. villipes Ashe
 Acer floridanum (Chapm.) Pax
 Acer floridanum var. longii Fernald
 Acer floridanum f. platylobum Fernald
 Acer floridanum var. villipes Rehder
 Acer floridanum f. villipes (Rehder) Fernald
 Acer nigrum var. floridanum (Chapm.) Fosberg
 Acer palmifolium f. barbatum (Michx.) Schwer.
 Acer saccharinum var. floridanum Chapm.
 Acer saccharinum subsp. floridanum (Chapm.) Wesm.
 Acer saccharum var. barbatum (Michx.) Trel.
 Acer saccharum f. barbatum (Michx.) Pax
 Acer saccharum var. floridanum (Chapm.) Small & Heller
 Acer saccharum var. longii (Fernald) A.E.Murray
 Saccharodendron barbatum (Michx.) Nieuwl.
 Saccharodendron floridanum (Chapm.) Nieuwl.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

saccharum
Árboles de Estados Unidos
Plantas descritas en 1952
Plantas descritas por Chapman
Plantas descritas por Desmarais

Acer saccharum subsp. floridanum


Barnsdall este un oraș în Comitatul Osage, Oklahoma, Statele Unite ale Americii fondat in 1905. Conform recensământului din 2010, populația era de 1.243 de locuitori.

Oameni cunoscuți legați de Barnsdall
Anita Bryant s-a născut în acest oraș
Clark Gable a trăit în Barnsdall cu tatăl său o vreme

Referinte

Orașe din Statele Unite ale Americii
Localități din comitatul Osage, Oklahoma

Barnsdall


Un garabato es un dibujo de cualquier cosa, concreta o abstracta, que se hace mientras la atención está ocupada en otra cosa o cuando la persona está aburrida. Es una forma de expresar enojo, felicidad y tristeza.

Los estudiantes suelen hacerlos en los cuadernos de la escuela, a menudo en los márgenes, elaborados mientras están soñando despiertos o cuando pierden el interés en la clase. Son también garabatos los que hace una persona en un papel mientras está en una conversación telefónica larga.

Pueden incluir caricaturas de los profesores y compañeros de la escuela, personajes de la televisión (de los cómics), seres ficticios, paisajes, figuras o patrones geométricos, texturas, pancartas con leyendas y animaciones. Los garabatos pueden ser dibujos sencillos o secuencias de ellos.

Etimología

En español
En español, es posible que el origen de la palabra garabato esté emparentado con el de palabras como grabado, gramática, grafos y gráficos: es muy probable que el origen de cualquiera de los sistemas de escritura de la humanidad hayan sido meros garabatos.

En inglés (doodle)

La palabra doodle parece haber surgido por primera vez en el siglo XVII para calificar a alguien como `simple` o 'bobo'. Quizá se deriva del alemán Dudeltopf o Dudeldop, que significan tonto o, más literalmente, fideo.

El significado tonto se utiliza en el título de la canción Yankee Doodle, originalmente cantada por las tropas coloniales británicas antes de la guerra revolucionaria americana. El origen del verbo también es de principios del siglo XVIII, y significa para estafar o hacer el ridículo.

En la película Mr. Deeds Goes to Town, Mr. Deeds menciona que doodle fue una palabra inventada para describir garabatos para ayudar a una persona que piensa. Según la pista de comentarios del DVD de audio, la palabra que se utiliza en este sentido fue inventada por el guionista Robert Riskin.

El término doodle también sirvió para definir a personajes de dibujos animados como garabatos, tal y como ocurre en la película Cool World y en diversos personajes animados de varios estudios de animación como Cartoon Network o Nickelodeon. También existen personajes animados que tienen como apellido Doodle para referirse a ellos como simpático o gracioso. Por ejemplo: Dinky Doodle y Yakky Doodle.

El doodle de Google

La compañía de Internet Google usa el término doodle para designar las imágenes que en muchas ocasiones coloca en su página principal, en donde aparece el nombre de la empresa.

El garabato de hoy
Dadas las inmensas posibilidades artísticas e intelectuales del garabato, hoy se utiliza en centros educativos como metodología para estimular la creatividad.

Zentangle
Existe además un método con copyright registrado en el año 2013 denominado Zentangle que utiliza la base del garabato para crear imágenes a partir de patrones estructurados.

Beneficios para la salud
Diferentes estudios han encontrado beneficios para la salud de realizar garabatos, tales como prevenir la pérdida de memoria y mantener la atención.

Garabatos notables

Muchos presidentes de Estados Unidos (incluyendo a Thomas Jefferson, Ronald Reagan y Bill Clinton) han hecho garabatos en las reuniones. El poeta y médico John Keats hacía garabatos en los márgenes de sus informes médicos. Samuel Beckett, Sylvia Plath, el matemático Stanislaw Ulam, entre otros, son también famosos por sus garabatos.

Doodling es un dispositivo que se repite en la comedia del actor, comediante y escritor estadounidense Larry David. En el episodio 8 de la 5 ª temporada de la serie Curb Your Enthusiasm, David declara que no se puede sacar para salvar mi vida, pero sin embargo, yo soy un garabateador muy bueno. La larga serie de comedia Seinfeld, creada por Larry David y Jerry Seinfeld, incluye un episodio notable titulado "El garabato", en el que un tosco dibujo de George Costanza ofrece la puesta en escena de la fricción posterior entre los personajes.

Referencias
 Gombrich, E. H. "Pleasures of Boredom: Four Centuries of Doodles." In E. H. Gombrich, The Uses of Images, 212-225. Phaidon: London 1999.
 Hanusiak, Xenia (October 6, 2009): The lost art of doodling
 Jerome, Louie (November 20, 2007): How Do You Doodle: Your Sketches May Be Giving Away Your Secrets
 Leong, Kristie (July 9, 2009):
Navarro, Cristina (October 15, 2015): How to draw a Doodle, step by step. "Cómo dibujar un Doodle paso a paso". Spain.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Charla de Sunni Brown en Ted.com

 Sitio web oficial de Zentangle
Sitio web en español sobre Doodling: Havingfun.es

Dibujo

Garabato (dibujo)


Ovaj članak govori o seriji soundtrackova za televizijsku emisiju Rođena zvijezda (eng. Instant Star). Albumi prikazani u nastavku objavljeni su od 2005. do 2009. godine.

Za sve albume većinu pjesama izvodila je Alexz Johnson. Prva dva albuma sadrže samo pjesme koje pjeva Johnson, ali počevši od Songs from Instant Star 3, samo četiri pjesme po albumu sadrže njezin vokal. Prvotno je bilo planirano da sve albume u cijelosti izvede Johnson, ali pravni problemi spriječili su je da to učini za 3 i 4 albume.

U TV seriji većina pjesama s ta dva albuma bila je u verziji Johnson dok su ostale pjesme pjevali drugi likovi u seriji.

Songs from Instant Star

Songs from Instant Star jest soundtrack prve sezone televizijske serije Rođena zvijezda. Cijeli album pjeva Alexz Johnson, koja tumači protagonisticu serije Jude Harrison. Na albumu se nalaze obrade: Stupid Girl je izvorno bio singl za bend Garbage 1996. Osim toga, Temporary Insanity će kasnije biti snimljen kao singl od strane grupe The Weekend, čiji su članovi Andrea Wasse i Christopher Ward također radili na ostatku albuma. Ostale pjesme iz prve sezone Instant Star, koje nisu uključene u soundtrack uključuju; isječak pjesme Frozen koju izvodi Alexz u emisiji. Također pjesma Shatter Me koju izvodi Alexz koja se može čuti u epizodi, nikada nije objavljena, ali je kasnije u cijelosti procurila na internet.

Popis pjesama

Zasluge
Neke osobe koje su radile na albumu:
 Prateći vokali – Alexz Johnson, Andrea Wasse, Damhnait Doyle, Dave Ogilvie, Joel Feeney, Katie B., Lisa Dalbello*, Neil Donell
 Glavni vokal – Alexz Johnson
 Producent – Dave Ogilvie, Jody Colero

Korištenje u drugim medijima
 Pjesma Time to Be Your 21 predstavljena je u finalu prve sezone Slatke male lažljivice.

Songs from Instant Star Two

Songs from Instant Star Two jest album soundtrackova za drugu sezonu kanadske televizijske emisije Rođena zvijezda, koju u cijelosti izvodi Alexz Johnson. Album je izdala izdavačka kuća Orange Record Label, producirali su Matt Hyde i Dave Ogilvie, a izvršni producent Stephen Stohn, koji je također izvršni producent televizijske emisije. Pozadinske vokale izvodi Katie B na većini pjesama i Leslie Stanwyck na pjesmi 5. U emisiji je Judeov album nazvan Learning Curve.

Popis pjesama

Zasluge
Dio osoba koji su radili na albumu.
 Prateći vokali – Katie B.
 Glavni vokal – Alexz Johnson
 Producent – Dave Ogilvie, Matt Hyde

Songs from Instant Star 3

Songs from Instant Star 3 je soundtrack treće sezone Rođena zvijezda. U emisiji, Alexz Johnson pojavljuje se na 10 pjesama, ali njezin ugovor s Capitol Recordsom doveo je do pravnih problema koji su spriječili Johnsona da bude predstavljen u više od četiri pjesme na albumu. Zamijenili su je drugi umjetnici, uključujući druge izvođače, pisce i producente. Lik Tylera Kytea, Vincent Spiederman, snima solo singl (do sada u seriji), a lik Coryja Leeja, Karma, također ima glazbenu karijeru u kojoj će snimati s ograničenim značajem za seriju/soundtrack.

Izdanja U Kanadi je album službeno objavljen 3. srpnja 2007. Postojala je fizička kopija dostupna za kupnju u trgovinama. U SAD-u je album službeno objavljen 11. ožujka 2008. Album možete kupiti putem iTunesa, Spotify-a, FYE glazbenih trgovina ili Amazon.com. Album je dostupan na Američkom i Kanadskom tržištu te zbog toga nije dostupan u Hrvatskoj.

 Just The Beginning, Love to Burn, Unraveling, Worth Waiting For i Darkness Round The Sun u emisiji je izvela Alexz Johnson kao njezin lik Jude Harrison. Dovršene verzije pjesama Love to Burn (R&B Version), Just the Beginning i Darkness Round the Sun u cijelosti su procurile na web, dok su ostale pjesme samo imale isječke koji su pušteni u emisiji ili su oni procurili na internet.
 I Will Be the Flame izvodi samo Cory Lee u soundtracku i u Mini webizodi, dok se u emisiji pojavljuje Alexz Johnson. Verzija s Johnsonom objavljena je na Greatest Hits, iako se razlikuje od one prikazane u emisiji.
 No Shoes, No Shirt izvorno je uključen na album Coryja Leeja Sinful Innocence, pod nazivom No Shoes, No Shirt, No Service.
 What You Need je izvorno uključen u EP Let's Talk Tylera Kytea. Za soundtrack je remiksiran, a zatim ponovno snimljen kako bi bio uključen na Kyteov debitantski album Talking Pictures.

Singlovi
 Where Does It Hurt

Songs from Instant Star 4

Songs from Instant Star 4 je soundtrack četvrte i posljednje sezone Rođena zvijezda. Ovaj album je pregledan mnogo puta prije izlaska, jer je procurila demoverzija pjesme 2 a.m. koji pjeva Jeen O'Brien, a dijelovi su objavljeni na službenoj web stranici The N.

Kao i na prethodnom albumu Songs from Instant Star 3 Alexz Johnson je zbog njenog ugovora s Capitol Recordsom dovedena u pravne probleme spriječili Johnsona da bude predstavljen u više od četiri pjesme na albumu. U emisiji, Alexz Johnson pojavljuje se na 10 pjesama.

 Na kanadskom iTunesu pjesma Here We Go Again pogrešno je nazvana Songs From Instant Star.
 Ultraviolet, Perfect, Live Like Music, The Music, Here We Go Again i I Still Love You u emisiji je izvela Alexz Johnson kao njezin lik Jude Harrison. Perfect je objavljen na Instant Star: Greatest Hits, dok su Ultravolet i I Still Love You kompletno procurile na internet. Live Like Music i Here We Go Again predstavljeni su u Mini webizodama. The Music je jedina pjesma koju je otpjevao Alexz i koja još nije u cijelosti predstavljena javnosti.
 I Just Wanted Your Love nije prikazan u soundtracku, unatoč tome što je prikazan u emisiji. Kasnije je objavljen na Instant Star Greatest Hits.
 That Was Us nije se čulo u seriji, ali je prikazano kao Mini webizodi.

Instant Star: Greatest Hits

Instant Star: Greatest Hits objavljen je 22. rujna 2009. Album ima duetsku verziju I Will Be The Flame s Alexza i Coryja iz treće sezone, zbog popularne potražnje. Album također sadrži Alexz Johnson verzije dviju pjesama iz četvrte sezone serije Rođena zvijezda: Perfect i I Just Wanted Your Love, kao i dva remixa prijašnjih pjesama.

Izvori

Instant Star soundtrackovi


Henrik 2. (også Henry 2., Heinrich 2., Henri 2. og Henrique 2.) kan henvise til flere regenter med dette navn:

 Henrik 2. den Hellige (Tysk-romerske rige) (den Hellige, 973-1024) - Kejser af Det Tysk-Romerske Rige
 Henrik 2. af Østrig (Heinrich II Jasomirgott, 1107-1177) – pfalzgreve ved Rhinen, markgreve af Ostarrîchi, hertug af Bayern, hertug af Østrig
 Henrik 2. af England (1133-1186) – konge af England 1154-1186
 Henrik 2. af Nassau (den Rige, ca. 1190 – ca. 1251) – greve af Nassau
 Henrik 2. af Holsten (Jernhenrik, ca. 1320 – ca. 1385) – greve af Holsten
 Heinrich 2. af Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (den Yngre, 1489-1568) – hertug i Braunschweig-Lüneburg, fyrste i Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
 Henrik 2. af Navarra (Henri d'Albret, 1503-1555) – konge af Navarra 1517-1555
 Henrik 2. af Frankrig (1519-1559) – konge af Frankrig 1547-1559

Henrik 2.


Salix schwerinii es una especie de sauce perteneciente a la familia de las salicáceas. Es nativa del nordeste de Asia (desde Kolyma al nordeste de China).

Descripción
Es un arbusto o pequeño árbol que alcanza un tamaño de 10 m de altura, la corteza es de color verde grisáceo. Las ramillas glabras o pubescentes,  por lo general de color gris cuando son jóvenes. Los brotes amarillos, ovoide-oblongos, pilosos. Estípulas estrechamente lanceoladas o falcadas, margen dentado, con pecíolo de 5-12 mm, sedoso pubescente; limbo linear-lanceolado, de 15-20 cm, el envés densamente pubescente largo y sedoso, verde plateado y brillante, el haz opaco, glabro o algo pubescente, de base estrecha cuneada , margen entero o ligeramente sinuoso, a veces revoluto, ápice acuminado o agudo. La floración es precoz con amentos femeninos oblongo-ovoides, de 2-3 x ca. 1,5 cm, sésiles, y brácteas marrones, oblongo-ovadas, con pelos largos, sueltos o pubescentes, el ápice negro, obtusos o agudos. El amento femenino es cilíndrico, (2 -) 3-4 cm, y las brácteas como en los amentos masculinos.

Distribución y hábitat
Se encuentra en arroyos y ríos, a una altitud de 3-600 metros, en Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Mongolia Interior, Japón, Corea, Mongolia, Rusia (Lejano Oriente, Siberia).

Taxonomía
Salix schwerinii fue descrita por E.L.Wolf y publicado en Mitteilungen der Deutschen Dendrologischen Gesellschaft 407, en el año 1929.
Etimología
Salix: nombre genérico latino para el sauce, sus ramas y madera.

schwerinii: epíteto
Citología
El número cromosomático es de: 2 n = 38.
Sinonimia
Salix dailingensis Y.L. Chou & C.Y. King
Salix gmelinii Pall.
Salix petsusu KIMURA
Salix viminalis var. gmelinii Turcz.
Salix viminalis var. yezoensis Schneid.
Salix yezoensis KIMURA

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Tolvasen Pajutila

schwerinii
Asia Oriental
Plantas descritas en 1929
Plantas descritas por  E.L.Wolf

Salix schwerinii


Triology, Yngwie J. Malmsteen'ın 1986 tarihli albümüdür.

 1. "You Don't Remember, I'll Never Forget" (4:29)
 2. "Liar" (4:07)
 3. "Queen In Love" (4:02)
 4. "Crying" (5:01)
 5. "Fury" (3:54)
 6. "Fire" ( 4:09)
 7. "Magic Mirror" (3:51)
 8. "Dark Ages" (3:54)
 9. "Trilogy Suite Op: 5" [instrumental] (7:13)eleman A

Yngwie Malmsteen albümleri
1986 albümleri

Trilogy (Yngwie J. Malmsteen albümü)


محمد خليفة مفرج الخليفة (ولد 1948) عميد طيار متقاعد في القوة الجوية الكويتية وعضو في مجلس الأمة عن الدائرة الانتخابية الرابعة وعضو سابق في كتلة العمل الشعبي.

انتخابات مجلس الامة

إقرا أيضآ
أحمد السعدون.
مسلم البراك.
خالد الطاحوس.
مرزوق الحبيني.
وليد الجري.
أحمد الشريعان.
مشعان العازمي.
علي الدقباسي.
خالد شخير.
حسن جوهر.

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أعضاء مجلس الأمة الكويتي 1999
أعضاء مجلس الأمة الكويتي 2003
أعضاء مجلس الأمة الكويتي 2006
أعضاء مجلس الأمة الكويتي فبراير 2012
مواليد 1947

محمد الخليفة


Ahududu ya da frambuaz (Rubus idaeus), gülgiller (Rosaceae) familyasından, yaz ve sonbahar mevsiminde kırmızı renkli ve tatlı meyveler veren bir bitki türü. Adı, ceylan anlamına gelen ahu ile dut kelimelerinden tamlamadır; harfiyen «ceylan dutu» anlamındadır.

Genelde ormanların açık verdiği yerlerde veya önceden yangın ya da ağaç kesimi ile açılan alanlarda büyür. Ahududu çiçeği, arılar için temel bir nektardır. Nemli iklime sahip bölgelerde kolayca üretilebilir ve kesilmedikçe kendiliğinden ürer.

İki türü ticari olarak mevcuttur: yazın çok kısa bir dönemde yetişen vahşi türü ve sürekli meyve veren türü.

Ahududu yaprakları, taze veya kurutulmuş olarak bitki çaylarında kullanılır. Yaprakları 3'lü veya 5'li gruplar halinde bulunur ve altları gümüş-beyaz renktedir.

Morfoloji
50–100 cm boylanabilen, çok yıllık, çalı formlu odunsu bir türdür. Gövdeler dik, basit veya dallanmış, narin sivri dikenli veya dikensizdir. Kök sürgünü oluşturur. Yapraklar gövdenin alt kısımlarında 5 yaprakçıklı tüysü, üst kısımlarda üç yapraçıklı; yaprakçıkların üstü tüysüz, altı beyaz keçemsi tüylü; testere dişli veya çift testere dişli; yanal yaprakçıklar neredeyse sapsız, uçtaki saplı; yumurtamsı formda; ucu aniden sivrilir şekilde; stipül ipliksidir. Çiçeklenme sıklıkla ikinci yıldan itibaren ve Temmuz ayında; çiçekler yaprak ile dal arası sarkık salkım kurullarda; kurullar birkaç çiçekli, bazen alt kısımlarda yaprak koltuğunda tekil çiçekli; çanak yapraklar mızraksı, ucu aniden sivrilir şekilde veya ucu kuyruksu çıkıntılı, keçemsi tüylü, meyve oluştuğunda geriye kıvrık; taç yapraklar beyaz, dar, küçük ve dik; ercikler çepeçevre bir sıra halinde dizilidir. Meyve böğürtlensi; erikçik kırmızı, ince yumuşak kısa tüylü, çok sayıda, çiçek tablası etrafında tümü bir aradadır.

Ekoloji
900–2200 m yükseklikler arasında; orman altlarında, çayırlık kenarlarında, taşlık yamaçlarda gelişim gösterirler.

Yetiştirilmesi
Ahududu, taze ürünler pazarı ve ticari işleme için yetiştirilir. Geleneksel olarak yaz sonu mahsülü olan ahududu, yeni bir teknoloji, çeşitlilik ve yenilikler sayesinde tüm yıl boyunca tüketilebilir. Ahududunun tam olgunluğuna erişebilmesi için bol güneş ışığına ve suya ihtiyacı vardır. Kuş dışkısı ile yayılan tohumlarla ahududular bahçelerde sık sık yabani ot olarak baş gösterirler.

Ahududuların yetiştirilmesine normalde kışın dip sürgünlerden başlanır. Bu sürgünler bir metre aralıklarla verimli, iyi kanalize edilmiş topraklara ekilmelidir. Dikimden önce toprağı derinlemesine kazarak ve gübre gibi organik maddeler ekleyerek hazırlayın.

İlk sene, bitkinin rezervlerini depolaması ve büyüyebilmesi için bütün çiçekler toplanır. İkinci seneden itibaren bir önceki senenin fidanları ilkbaharda çiçeklenecek ve yazın meyveler olgunlaşacaktır. İlkbahar ve yaz boyunca bitki iyi sulanır, fakat sonbahar döneminde su miktarı azaltılır. Bu, fidanların kışı geçirebilmeleri için sertleşmelerini sağlayacaktır.

Kış boyunca eski, çiçeklenmiş fideler toprak seviyesinde budanır. Yeni fidelerin de küçük ve zayıf olanları ayıklanır. Birbirilerine çok yakın büyüyen fideler sökülür, fidelerin arasında 10–15 cm mesafe olmalıdır. Çoğu ahududu çeşidinin kazığa bağlanması gerekecektir.

Ahududular kuvvetlidir ve biraz istilacı olabilirler. Bitkinin biraz uzağında sürgün verebilirler. İlkbaharda bitkinin sınırları işaretlenir ve bu bölge bir bel ile kazılır. Bu işlem sürgünleri ayıracaktır. Bölgenin dışındaki sürgünler kazıp çıkartılır.

Koyu kırmızı rengini almış ve göbeğine dokunulan meyveler toplanır. Meyveler bu zamanlarında en tatlı hallerine ve olgunluklarına erişmişlerdir. Fazla meyvelerden ahududu reçeli yapılabilir veya bu meyveler dondurulabilirler.

Irkları
Son yıllarda yapılan iyileştirme çalışmalarıyla dikensiz ve destek gerektirmeyen dik boylu kültür ırkları elde edilmiştir. Ayrıca Rubus cinsinin diğer üyeleriyle yapılan çaprazlamalar sonucunda çok sayıda hibridler elde edilmiştir.

Kara ahududu (Rubus occidentalis) Kuzey Amerika'ya özgü farklı bir bitki türüdür. Farklı yörelerde ahududu olarak adlandırılan diğer Rubus türleri şunlardır:

Diğer türler
Rubus subgenus Idaeobatus:
 Rubus crataegifolius (Kore ahududu)
 Rubus gunnianus (Tasmanya ahududu)
 Rubus leucodermis (Beyaz kabuklu ahudud)
 Rubus occidentalis (Kara ahududu)
 Rubus parvifolius (Avustralya ahududu)
 Rubus phoenicolasius (Şarap ahududu)
 Rubus rosifolius (Batı Hint Adaları ahududu)
 Rubus strigosus (Amerika ahududu)
 Rubus ellipticus (Sarı Himalaya ahudud)

Hastalık ve zararlıları
Ahududu bazı kelebek (Lepidoptera) türlerinin larvaları için ana besin kaynağını oluşturmaktadır.

Resim galerisi

Dış bağlantılar
 Ahududu hakkında bilgiler (İngilizce)

Kaynakça

Meyve
Rubus
Avrupa florası
Carl Linnaeus tarafından adlandırılmış taksonlar

Ahududu


Øresund er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 2003 instrueret af Steen Herdel efter eget manuskript.

Handling
"»Øresund« er en musikalsk billedfortælling, der bevæger sig frit ved overfladen af Øresund, men også bringer os under vand og op på land. Det er stemninger i lys og bevælgelse, der beskriver kærligheden til elementernes og naturens samspil. Filmen har ingen handling, men tager os med på eventyr og finder det, vi ikke selv får øje på. Det er reallyde og musik. Hvert billede er et kunstværk, hvor lyset er hovedpersonen, et naturalistisk og lyrisk udtryk, der forbinder, nedbryder og opbygger gamle og nye traditioner indenfor film og billedkunst."

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2003

Øresund (dokumentarfilm)


Max Ludwig Alfred Rosenthal (* 18. Januar 1868 in Glogau, Niederschlesien; † 19. September 1930 in Leipzig) war ein deutscher Reichsgerichtsrat.

Leben
Rosenthal wurde 1888 im Corps Hasso-Borussia Freiburg recipiert. 1890 wurde auf den preußischen Landesherrn vereidigt. 1900 wurde er zum Staatsanwalt ernannt. 1909 wurde er zum Landrichter und zum Landgerichtsrat befördert. 1911 wurde er Landgerichtsdirektor in Berlin. 1914 kam er zur Reichsanwaltschaft. Am 16. November 1918 kam er als erster Rat nach der Novemberrevolution an das Reichsgericht. Tätig war er u. a. im IV. Strafsenat des Reichsgerichts und III. Strafsenat des Reichsgerichts.

Literatur
 Adolf Lobe: Fünfzig Jahre Reichsgericht am 1. Oktober 1929. Berlin 1929, S. 382.
 Ernst Rudolf Huber: Deutsche Verfassungsgeschichte seit 1789. Band V: Weltkrieg, Revolution und Reichserneuerung, Stuttgart u. a. 1978, S. 372.

Einzelnachweise

Richter (Reichsgericht)
Corpsstudent (19. Jahrhundert)
Deutscher
Geboren 1868
Gestorben 1930
Mann

Max Rosenthal (Richter)


Mein Freund, der Delfin ist ein Spielfilm, der die Freundschaft zwischen einem Jungen und einem Delfin schildert und auf einer wahren Begebenheit beruht. Der Film erschien am 23. September 2011 in den USA und am 15. Dezember in Deutschland.

Handlung
Der Junge Sawyer findet zusammen mit einem Angler einen verletzten Delfin am Strand von Clearwater in Florida. Das Delfinweibchen, das den Namen Winter erhält, wird in ein nahegelegenes Meerestierhospital gebracht. Hier gelingt es Dr. Clay Haskett das Leben des Tieres zu retten, aber seine Fluke muss amputiert werden. Daraufhin beginnt Winter selbst, eine alternative Art zu Schwimmen zu entwickeln: Sie bewegt ihren Stumpf von Seite zu Seite, wie ein Fisch seine Schwanzflosse.  Dies stärkt im Nebeneffekt die seitlichen Muskeln im Schwanz. Man befürchtet, dass der unnatürliche Muskelaufbau langfristig ihre Wirbelsäule schädigen würde. Sawyer, der sich mit Hasketts Tochter Hazel anfreundet, vernachlässigt zur Sorge seiner Mutter die Schule, um Zeit mit Winter zu verbringen. In einem Militärkrankenhaus lernt Sawyer Dr. Cameron McCarthy kennen, der  ein Spezialist für die Anfertigung von Prothesen ist. Dieser soll versuchen, eine künstliche Fluke zu konstruieren, aber alle Versuche scheitern zunächst, da Winter ihren neuen Körperteil immer wieder abschüttelt. Obendrein verwüstet auch noch ein Sturm das Tierhospital, das daraufhin in finanzielle Schwierigkeiten gerät. Zur Lösung dieser Krise kommt Sawyer auf die Idee einen "Save Winter Day" zu veranstalten. Dr. Cameron McCarthy gelingt es schließlich, eine Prothesenbefestigung aus einem neuen, besonders hautfreundlichen und zugleich gut haftenden Material zu entwickeln, was nicht nur dem Delfin hilft, sondern seitdem bei Amputierten auf der ganzen Welt angewendet wird.

Hintergrund
Zwischen Film und Realität gibt es eine Reihe von Unterschieden. So wird Winter im Film im Sommer bei Clearwater gefunden, tatsächlich jedoch im Dezember in der Moskito-Lagune, die auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des US-Bundesstaates Florida liegt. In Wirklichkeit hatte das Clearwater Marine Hospital keine finanziellen Probleme und musste nicht gegen seine Schließung kämpfen. Im Film wird erwähnt, dass Winters Flosse amputiert werden musste, tatsächlich fiel die Flosse durch die durchtrennte Blutversorgung von allein ab. Die Entwicklung der künstlichen Flosse dauerte über ein Jahr im Gegensatz zu dem im Film dargestellten Zeitraum von einigen Wochen. Das neue Material für die Prothesenbefestigung wurde in Wirklichkeit nach Winter benannt und trägt den Namen "WintersGel".

Kritik
Der Film erhielt sehr positive Kritiken. Rotten Tomatoes verzeichnet eine positive Wertung von 82 %, basierend auf 106 Kritiken mit einer durchschnittlichen Wertung von 6,5 von 10 Punkten. Bei Metacritic erhielt der Film eine Wertung von 64 Punkten, basierend auf 30 Bewertungen.

Fortsetzung
Im September 2014 hatte die Fortsetzung des Filmes Premiere. Der deutsche Kinostart von Mein Freund, der Delfin 2 war am 9. Oktober 2014.

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Offizielle Webseite (englisch)

 Gutachten der Deutschen Film- und Medienbewertung

Filmtitel 2011
US-amerikanischer Film
Filmdrama
3D-Film
Delfin im Film

Mein Freund, der Delfin


Roy Raymond (Connecticut, 15 de abril de 1947 - Puente Golden Gate, San Francisco, California; 26 de agosto de 1993) fue un empresario estadounidense conocido por ser el fundador de Victoria's Secret una de las compañías más exitosas de comercializacion de lencería y otros productos de belleza femenina.

Biografía
Raymond fue un estudiante de la Universidad Tufts (una de las principales universidades privadas de investigación de Estados Unidos) y de la Escuela de Postgrado de Negocios Stanford. Posteriormente comenzó su carrera laboral en la compañía Vicks en el departamento de marketing. A su vez, se casó con una joven bohemia llamada Gaye.

Carrera
La idea de crear Victoria's Secret le surgió cuando un día de compras con su mujer por San Francisco se sintió enormemente avergonzado al entrar en una tienda de lencería femenina, por lo que decidió abrir su propia tienda para que los hombres se sintieran confortables al ir a comprar lencería con sus respectivas parejas.

El primer establecimiento se inauguró el 12 de junio de 1977 en el centro comercial de San Francisco, bajo el nombre de Victoria's Secret y contaba con paredes de madera, detalles victorianos, dependientas discretas y amables y con prendas colgadas en cuadros en la pared para que los hombres pudieran elegirlas sin tener que buscarlas en los percheros. Para abrirlo, tuvo que pedir un crédito bancario de $40,000 y a su familia otros $40,000. Estas cantidades de dinero suponían una deuda pesada en aquel tiempo, de la que se pudo deshacer gracias a que en un solo año consiguió obtener $500,000 de ganancia. Tras este acontecimiento, incorporó a la compañía un catálogo de venta por correo que mostraba las colecciones de las líneas y decidió abrir tres tiendas más.

Cinco años más tarde, cuando contaba ya con seis tiendas en total y con alrededor de $6 millones de dólares de ganancia anuales, la compañía The Limited Inc se puso en contacto con su fundador y trató de formar parte de la compañía. El propósito era que trabajaran ambos fundadores juntos y tras varias reuniones para llegar a algún acuerdo, Roy Raymond se dio cuenta de que no podría compartir las decisiones con Les Wexner y finalmente decidió retirarse completamente de la compañía y vendérsela a The Limited Inc (Limited Brands, su compañía sucesora) por $4 millones de dólares.
En apenas 10 años la marca se convirtió en una de las más valoradas de Estados Unidos y decidió ampliar sus productos incluyendo zapatos, perfumes y demás complementos. Con ello, la marca ha conseguido estar valorada hoy en día en $14 billones de dólares.

Roy Raymond decidió seguir probando fortuna ya que en su antiguo negocio cometió el gran error de venderlo por una cantidad demasiado pequeña. Por ello, fundó una empresa llamada My Child's Destiny en la que se vendían productos para niños pequeños pero en poco tiempo entró en bancarrota. Continuó intentando crear fortuna invirtiendo nuevamente en otro negocio más de $650,000 de su propio dinero y nunca lo llevó a cabo. Esto supuso que no podía hacer frente a sus propias deudas y finalmente la familia perdió dos casas y sus coches.

Roy Raymond estaba angustiado, pero no perdía la esperanza de recuperar su éxito inicial y se puso en marcha a abrir una librería para niños, la cual también acabó en bancarrota.
Al poco tiempo, en 1993 se divorció de su mujer y probó otro negocio de reparaciones a domicilio de hardwares y lo tuvo que cerrar en menos de un año. Comenzó a trabajar en una empresa que fabricaba pelucas para mujeres que habían perdido el cabello debido al tratamiento para combatir el cáncer.

Vida personal
A pesar de que a lo largo de su vida había sido un excelente hombre de negocios con una mente brillante y creativa, la mala suerte siempre lo acompañó atribuyéndole numerosos contratiempos que le provocaron fracasar en todos sus negocios. Siempre había sido fuerte y valiente, pues nunca se rendía y siempre tenía otra idea en mente que le permitía comenzar un nuevo negocio, finalmente la depresión se apoderó de él, puesto que nuevamente le tuvo que pedir dinero prestado a su madre para empezar otro negocio.

Esto provocó que decidiera suicidarse, por lo que se tiró del Puente Golden Gate a la edad de 46. Su cuerpo fue encontrado y retirado de la bahía del río una semana después.

Referencias

Alumnado de la Universidad Tufts
Victoria's Secret
Suicidas de Estados Unidos
Suicidios por salto
Suicidios masculinos
Suicidios en 1993

Roy Raymond


دولزهانسكايا  هي مدينة في مقاطعة فولغوغراد أوبلاست في روسيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 7061 نسمة.

مدن مقاطعة فولغوغراد

دولزهانسكايا (فولغوغراد)


Lipták ist der Familienname der folgenden Personen:

 Jiří Lipták (* 1982), tschechischer Sportschütze
 Miroslav Lipták (* 1968), tschechoslowakischer Radrennfahrer

Siehe auch:
 Liptak

Lipták


La  Segunda marcha nacional sobre Washington por los derechos de lesbianas y gais (en inglés Second National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights) fue una gran manifestación que se realizó en Washington D. C. el 11 de octubre de 1987. Su éxito, tamaño e influencia ha dado pie a que dentro de los estudios de historia homosexual se la llame «La gran marcha».

Antecedentes y planificación
El deseo de la comunidad LGBT de realizar una nueva marcha fue motivado por dos acontecimiento importantes en la década de 1980: la aparición y extensión del sida y la falta de reconocimiento de la crisis del sida por parte de la administración de Ronald Reagan; y la resolución del Tribunal Supremo de los Estados Unidos en el caso Bowers contra Hardwick, en el que reconocía la legalidad de las leyes que condenaban la sodomía voluntaria entre dos hombres adultos en la privacidad de su casa. En 1986, Steve Ault y Joyce Hunter, coordinadores de la primera Marcha nacional sobre Washington por los derechos de lesbianas y gais (en inglés National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights), enviaron algunos planes a las organizaciones LGBT preguntando por su interés en una nueva manifestación. La respuesta fue favorable y ambos organizaron un encuentro inicial en la ciudad de Nueva York el 16 de julio de 1986, donde se decidió que la marcha sería realizada en 1987. Representantes de todas las organizaciones LGBT conocidas fueron posteriormente invitadas a una conferencia nacional en la ciudad de Nueva York el 16 de noviembre de 1986, donde se discutirían los asuntos políticos, la logística y la organización del evento. Los delegados tratarían cuatro temas principales:
¿Cuales son las metas de la manifestación?;
¿Cómo deberán actuar los organizadores y las organizaciones LGBT?;
¿Cuál debería ser el enfoque y la plataforma del evento?; y
¿Cuándo se deberá realizar la manifestación?
La conferencia se realizó bajo el eslogan «Por el amor y por la vida, ¡No volveremos atrás!» (en inglés For love and for life, we're not going back!).

Durante el fin de semana, los delegados discutieron muchos aspectos de la marcha misma, entre otros, el tema de la inclusión de bisexuales y transgénero, la necesidad de minorías y personas de color, y si se debía incluir asuntos no necesariamente LGBT, como el apartheid, como elementos de la plataforma. Al acabar el fin de semana, la estructura genera del Comité Nacional de Dirección había sido definido.

El segundo encuentro del comité de dirección fue realizado en enero de 1987 en el ayuntamiento de West Hollywood. Steve Ault, Pat Norman y Kay Ostberg fueron elegidos codirectores del evento. Los delegados también fijaron definitivamente la plataforma y el fin político de la marcha.

El encuentro final de la organización de la marcha se realizó en Atlanta, el 2 y el 3 de mayo de 1987. Esta reunión sirvió principalmente para ultimar los detalles logísticos y determinar la lista de las personas que debían hablar en la manifestación.

Plataforma

Los delegados de la convención de West Hollywood eligieron siete demandas principales que servirían de plataforma para la marcha de 1987. Cada una de estas demandas se complementó con una lista más amplia, que se extendía más allá de los asuntos estrictamente LGBT. Así, los organizadores querían subrayar que la opresión de un grupo influye en la opresión de todos los grupos. Las siete demandas principales fueron:

 El reconocimiento legal de las relaciones de pareja lesbianas y gais.
 La derogación de todas las leyes que criminalizaban la sodomía voluntaria entre adultos.
 Una orden presidencial prohibiendo la discriminación por parte del gobierno federal.
 La aprobación por el Congreso de una ley de derechos civiles para lesbianas y gais.
 El fin de la discriminación de personas con sida, HIV-positivas o aquellas que son percibidas como teniendo la enfermedad. Un masivo incremento de los fondos para la edición contra el sida, la investigación y el cuidado de enfermos. Dinero para la lucha contra el sida, no para la guerra.
 Libertad reproductiva, el derecho al control del propio cuerpo y el fin de la opresión sexista.
 Fin al racismo en Estados Unidos y del apartheid en África del Sur.

Actividades y oradores
La manifestación formaba parte de seis días de actividades, que incluían una boda masiva y protestas delante del Servicio de Impuestos Internos el 10 de octubre, y, tres días más tarde, un acto de desobediencia civil delante del edificio de la Corte Suprema, protestando por la decisión en «Bowers contra Hardwick». La marcha, la manifestación y el mitin incluían la primera muestra pública del proyecto NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt de Cleve Jones.

La marcha misma fue liderada por César Chávez y Eleanor Smeal, a los que seguían personas con sida y sus amigos y familiares.

Los oradores en el mitin incluían:
 la expresidenta del National Organization for Women, Eleanor Smeal;
 el director de sindicato y luchador por los derechos civiles César Chávez;
 la actriz y humorista Whoopi Goldberg;
 Jesse Jackson, por entonces candidato a la nominación a Presidente por el Partido Demócrata. Jackson dijo a la multitud:

La estimación de 200.000 asistentes, ampliamente citada del New York Times, se realizó varias horas antes de que comenzase la manifestación; de la misma forma, la mayoría de las fotos usadas se realizaron temprano por la mañana o del área en el que se encontraba el AIDS Memorial Quilt, más que del lugar en el que se estaba realizando la marcha. La policía estimó el número de participantes de la marcha en aproximadamente medio millón de personas.

Referencias

Historia LGBT de Estados Unidos
Cultura de Washington D. C.
LGBT en 1987


Moderen har flere betydninger:

 Moderen (film) – film fra 1914 instrueret af Robert Dinesen
 Moderen (film fra 1926) – sovjetisk film fra 1926 af Vsevolod Pudovkin
 Moderen (skuespil) – skuespil med tekst af Helge Rode og musik af Carl Nielsen
 Moderen (Johannes V. Jensen-novelle)

Moderen


Cissa, mitski otok u Hrvatskoj. Spominje ga Plinije Stariji u svojim djelima. Prema učenoj predaji prosvjetiteljstva, nalazio se u pomorje između Brijuna i Rovinja. Prema predaji, potonuo je u 8. stoljeću, a uzrok za to je bio potres 9-10 stupnjeva po Mercalliju 361. godine, nakon čega se Rovinj izdigao kao gradsko središte. Po Cissi se zvala mala biskupija kojoj je sjedište bilo na ovom otoku.

Izvori

Istarski otoci

Cissa (otok)