Thomas or Tom Kennedy may refer to:

Politics
Thomas Kennedy (Scottish judge) (1673–1754), joint Solicitor General for Scotland 1709–14, Lord Advocate 1714, Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs 1720–21
Thomas Kennedy, 9th Earl of Cassilis (bef. 1733–1775), Scottish peer, Marquess of Ailsa
Thomas Kennedy (1776–1832), politician in Maryland, United States
Thomas Francis Kennedy (1788–1879), Scottish Member of Parliament for Ayr Burghs 1818–1834
Thomas Daniel Kennedy (1849?–1877), Connecticut state legislator
Thomas Kennedy (Australian politician) (1860–1929), Australian politician
Tom Kennedy (British politician) (1874–1954), Scottish Member of Parliament for Kirkcaldy Burghs
Thomas Laird Kennedy (1878–1959), politician in Ontario, Canada
Thomas Kennedy (unionist) (1887–1963), American miner, president of the UMWA 1960–1963, Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania 1935–1939
Thomas Kennedy (Irish politician) (died 1947), Irish Labour Party politician and trade union official
Thomas P. Kennedy (1951–2015), American politician, Massachusetts state senator
Thomas Blake Kennedy (1874–1957), United States federal judge

Entertainment
Thomas E. Kennedy (born 1944), American fiction writer, essayist and translator
Tom Kennedy (actor) (1885–1965), American actor
Tom Kennedy (television host) (1927–2020), American television game show host
Tom Kennedy (producer) (c. 1948–2011), American film trailer producer, director and film editor
Tom Kennedy (musician) (born 1960), jazz double-bass and electric bass player
Tom Kennedy (Neighbours), a character on the Australian soap opera Neighbours, played by Bob Hornery
Tommy Kennedy, a minor character introduced as a kind of host/narrator for 1988 reruns of The Transformers

Sports
Tom Kennedy (Australian footballer) (1906–1968), Australian rules footballer
Tom Kennedy (wheelchair rugby) (born 1957), Australian Paralympic wheelchair rugby player
Tom Kennedy (English footballer) (born 1985), English footballer
Thomas J. Kennedy (1884–1937), American Olympic marathon runner
Thomas Kennedy (basketball) (born 1987), American basketball player
Tom Kennedy (quarterback) (1939–2006), American football quarterback
Tom Kennedy (wide receiver) (born 1996), American football wide receiver

Others
Tom Kennedy (journalist) (born 1952), Canadian journalist
Thomas Kennedy (unionist) (1887–1963), president of the United Mine workers
Thomas Fortescue Kennedy (1774–1846), Royal Navy officer
Thomas Kennedy (RAF officer) (1928–2013), British pilot
Thomas Kennedy (violin maker) (1784–1870), British luthier
Thomas A. Kennedy (born 1955), American CEO and chairman, Raytheon Company
Thomas Francis Kennedy (bishop) (1858–1917), bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States

See also
Thomas L. Kennedy Secondary School (established 1953), high school in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

Thomas Kennedy


යසෝදරා දේවි බාලිකා මහා විද්‍යාලය, ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ගම්පහ නගරය තුල පිහිටා තිබෙන ජනප්‍රිය බාලිකා පාසලකි.

ආශ්‍රිත

බාහිර සබැඳි

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ අධ්‍යාපන ආයතන
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පාසල්

යසෝදරා දේවි බාලිකා මහා විද්‍යාලය


بطليموس السابع أحد أبناء بطليموس الخامس وأخ لبطليموس السادس. حكم بجانب أخيه بطليموس السادس وأخته كليوباترا الثانية. وعندما وقع أخوه الأكبر بطليموس السادس في الأسر أثناء احتلال مصر من قبل ملك سوريا أنطيوخس الرابع أعلن بطليموس السابع ملكا للأجزاء المتبقية من مصر وعندما تم الإفراج عن بطليموس السادس حكم الملكان الأخوان مصر مناصفة . وفي سنة 163 انفرد الأخ الأكبر بالسلطة مرة أخرى .. إلى أن مات بطليموس السادس سنة 145

مراجع

أشخاص من الإسكندرية
حكام القرن 2 ق م
سنة الولادة غير معروفة
فراعنة البطالمة
مصريون في القرن 2 ق م
وفيات 145 ق م

بطليموس السابع


Antonio Calderón de León (1540 – 1621) foi um prelado católico romano que serviu como o primeiro Bispo de Santa Cruz de la Sierra (1605 – 1621), Bispo do Panamá (1598 – 1605), e Bispo de Porto Rico (1593 – 1598).

Biografia
Antonio Calderón de León nasceu em Baeza, Espanha. No dia 29 de outubro de 1593, o Papa Clemente VIII nomeou-o Bispo de Porto Rico. Em dezembro de 1597, foi consagrado bispo por Domingo de Ulloa, bispo de Popayán. A 23 de maio de 1598, o Papa Clemente VIII nomeou-o Bispo do Panamá. No dia 4 de julho de 1605, o Papa Paulo V nomeou-o o primeiro Bispo de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, onde serviu até à sua morte em 1621.

Mortos em 1621
Nascidos em 1540
Bispos católicos
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Paulo V
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Clemente VIII

Antonio Calderón de León


Melaleuca quinquenervia, comumente conhecida como niaouli, árvore do chá de casca de papel, árvore punk, é uma árvore de pequeno a médio porte da família Myrtaceae. Cresce como uma árvore que se espalha até 20 metros de altura, com seu tronco coberto por uma casca grossa de papel branco, bege e cinza. As folhas verde-acinzentadas são em forma de ovo, e as flores em forma de escova de garrafa creme ou branca aparecem do final da primavera ao outono. Foi descrita formalmente pela primeira vez em 1797 pelo naturalista espanhol Antonio José Cavanilles.

Nativo da Nova Caledônia, Papua Nova Guiné e costa leste da Austrália, de Botany Bay em Nova Gales do Sul em direção ao norte em Queensland, M. quinquenervia cresce em pântanos, em planícies de inundação e perto de rios e estuários, muitas vezes em solo lodoso. Naturalizou-se nos Everglades, na Flórida, onde é considerada uma erva daninha séria pelo USDA.

Descrição
Melaleuca quinquenervia é uma árvore de pequeno a médio porte, que geralmente cresce a uma altura de 8 a 8-15 metros de altura e uma propagação de 5-10 metros, mas às vezes chega até 25 metros de altura. O crescimento jovem é peludo com cabelos longos e curtos e macios. As folhas são dispostas alternadamente e são planas, coriáceas, lanceoladas a ovais, opacas ou verde-acinzentadas, 55-120 milímetros de comprimento e 10-31 milímetros largura, três a oito vezes maior que a largura.

As flores se arranjam em espigas nas extremidades dos ramos que continuam a crescer após a floração, por vezes também nas axilas superiores das folhas. As espigas contêm 5 a 18 grupos de flores em três que possuem até 40 milímetros de diâmetro e 20-50 milímetros longo. As pétalas são cerca 3 milímetros comprimento e cair à medida que a flor envelhece. Os estames são brancos, creme ou esverdeados e estão dispostos em 5 feixes ao redor da flor, com 5 a 10 estames por feixe. A floração ocorre da primavera ao início do outono, de setembro a março na Austrália. A floração é seguida por frutos que são lenhosos, cápsulas amplamente cilíndricas, 2.5-4 milímetros longos e agrupados, semelhantes a espinhos ao longo dos galhos. Cada cápsula contém muitas sementes minúsculas que são lançadas anualmente.

Taxonomia
A niaouli foi formalmente descrita pela primeira vez em 1797 pelo naturalista espanhol Antonio José Cavanilles, que lhe deu o nome de Metrosideros quinquenervia. A descrição era de um espécime coletado "perto de Port Jackson" e foi publicado em Icones et Descriptiones Plantarum. Em 1958, Stanley Thatcher Blake do Queensland Herbarium transferiu a espécie para Melaleuca. O epíteto específico (quinquenervia) é do latim quinque que significa "cinco" e nervus, "veia", referindo-se às folhas geralmente com cinco veias.

Os nomes comuns paperbark tea tree, ou simplesmente paperbark ou tea tree são usados na Austrália, e punk tree é usado nos Estados Unidos. É conhecido como niaouli, itachou (paicî) e pichöö (xârâcùù) na Nova Caledônia.

Os seguintes sinônimos já foram catalogados:

 Metrosideros quinquenervia  Cav.
 Melaleuca leucadendra albida  Cheel
 Metrosideros albida  Sieber ex DC.
 Metrosideros coriacea  Poir.

Distribuição e habitat

Na Austrália, Melaleuca quinquenervia ocorre ao longo da costa leste, de Cape York em Queensland até Botany Bay em Nova Gales do Sul. Cresce em planícies e pântanos sazonalmente inundados, ao longo das margens do estuário e é frequentemente a espécie dominante. Na região de Sydney cresce ao lado de árvores como o mogno do pântano (Eucalyptus robusta) e o bangalay (E. botryoides). Cresce em solo lodoso ou pantanoso e as plantas cresceram em solo ácido de pH tão baixo quanto 2,5.

A niaouli também é nativa da parte sul da Nova Guiné Ocidental e da Papua Nova Guiné. É difundido na Nova Caledônia, incluindo Grand Terre, Belep, Isle of Pines e Maré. É um componente da savana do oeste da Nova Caledônia, árvores espalhadas que pontilham o habitat da pastagem e sua disseminação por essa paisagem pode ter sido facilitada pelos regimes de fogo humanos. Principais ameaças a M. quinquenervia são conjuntos habitacionais, estradas, plantações de cana-de-açúcar e pinus. Remanescentes na Austrália não são protegidos em reservas, com a maioria de suas florestas localizadas em propriedades privadas onde o desmatamento continua.

Melaleuca quinquenervia foi introduzida como planta ornamental em muitas áreas tropicais do mundo, incluindo Sudeste Asiático, África e Américas e tornou-se uma erva daninha invasora em muitas áreas.

Ecologia
Melaleuca quinquenervia rebrota vigorosamente de brotos epicórmicos após incêndios florestais e foi registrada florindo semanas após ser queimada. As árvores podem viver por mais de 100 anos, com árvores de 40 anos atingindo uma circunferência do tronco de 2.7 metros em cultivo.

As flores servem como uma rica fonte de néctar para outros organismos, incluindo morcegos frugívoros, uma ampla gama de espécies de insetos e aves, como o lóris de peito escamoso (Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus). A raposa-voadora-de-cabeça-cinzenta (Pteropus poliocephalus) e a raposa-voadora-vermelha (P. scapulatus) consomem as flores.

Situação nos Estados Unidos

A Melaleuca quinquenervia foi introduzida na Flórida já em 1900, quando os primeiros espécimes foram plantados perto de Orlando. Houve duas grandes introduções, uma por J. Gifford para a Costa Leste em 1907, e outra por AC Andrews para a costa oeste em 1912. O South Florida Water Management District registrou Melaleuca em torno das áreas onde eles foram originalmente introduzidos: sudoeste de Broward e norte do condado de Dade na costa leste e sul do condado de Lee e norte do condado de Collier na costa oeste. A espécie é encontrada principalmente nas áreas mais livres de geadas do sul da Flórida e raramente nas áreas costeiras mais quentes do Condado de Pasco.

Melaleuca quinquenervia foi classificada pelo Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos como uma erva daninha nociva em seis estados dos EUA, assim como federalmente. É uma planta invasora exótica abundante nos Everglades. Sua expansão desenfreada no sul da Flórida é uma das ameaças mais sérias à integridade do ecossistema nativo. Esta árvore toma conta dos pântanos de serragem nos Everglades, transformando a área em um pântano. Melaleuca causa impactos ecológicos severos, incluindo o deslocamento de espécies nativas, modificação da hidrologia, alteração dos recursos do solo, redução do valor do habitat nativo e alteração do regime de fogo.

Um experimento comparando a quantidade de sementes mantidas nas copas das árvores de Melaleuca na Austrália e no sul da Flórida constatou que a viabilidade e a quantidade de sementes encontradas na Austrália foram menores quando comparadas às da Flórida. As árvores de Melaleuca australianas continham 5.000 sementes com menos de 20 viáveis, e as Melaleucas da Flórida continham 13.000 sementes, com mais de 1.200 viáveis. Portanto, sem um predador que reduza a quantidade de estruturas reprodutivas em Melaleuca, ele pode se reproduzir sem controle. A liberação de inimigos naturais fará com que a planta exótica invasora evolua, melhorando seu desempenho na nova área. Essa ideia é corroborada pelos resultados de um estudo sobre Melaleuca feito por Pratt et al. (2005) mostrando que os danos causados por herbívoros reduziram o sucesso na estação seguinte, pois as estruturas reprodutivas diminuíram em 80% com 54% menos frutos. Agentes de biocontrole que foram liberados na Flórida são o Oxyops vitiosa (gorgulho) e Boreioglycapsis. Esses insetos são nativos da Austrália e servem para reduzir o crescimento e a reprodução de M. quinquenervia, alimentando-se de folhas jovens em expansão e do floema da árvore.

A árvore punk é conhecida por sua capacidade de resistir a enchentes e secas. Se houver uma abertura no dossel criada por uma inundação ou algum outro distúrbio, Melaleuca conseguirá se estabelecer, fazendo uso da luz extra. Em locais fisicamente perturbados, as plantas invasores que florescem têm alta capacidade de colonização. Por exemplo, Melaleuca está constantemente se desbastando de pequenos galhos e galhos e isso faz com que muitas sementes caiam o tempo todo junto com a serapilheira, por isso está sempre dispersando sua prole potencial. Melaleuca também é capaz de viver em habitats perturbados, como pastagens melhoradas, terras agrícolas ociosas, e áreas afetadas por canais. O clima no sul da Flórida é semelhante ao de sua Austrália natal, começando com localizações geográficas na latitude 26º N a meio caminho entre o Lago Okeechobee e a ponta da Flórida continental; na Austrália a latitude 26º S fica ao norte de Brisbane, no sul de Queensland. Ambas as regiões têm clima subtropical a tropical. Como resultado disso, Melaleuca quase foi pré-adaptada para o sul da Flórida. O fogo prospera nesses ambientes e a dispersão de sementes é deslocada quando ocorre o fogo. A Melaleuca floresce cinco vezes ao longo do ano, com ramos individuais sustentando três das cinco. Cada parte da flor pode soltar cerca de 30 a 70 pequenas cápsulas de sementes que podem ser viáveis por quase dez anos. Foi determinado que cada cápsula continha cerca de 200-300 sementes, caindo rapidamente e pode ser encontrada 170 m da árvore de origem. As sementes de M. quinquenervia parecem estar bem adaptadas a climas sazonais úmidos/secos e podem até germinar debaixo d'água no substrato do solo.

Estudos recentes comparando a área foliar específica de plantas exóticas invasoras com plantas exóticas não invasoras e plantas nativas em relação aos distúrbios mostraram que as invasoras possuem uma área foliar específica maior que as demais plantas. Isso permite um crescimento mais rápido, esses resultados sustentados por muitos estudos de apoio permitiram a Lake e Leishman inferir que as espécies invasoras são tão bem-sucedidas por causa de sua habilidade de crescimento rápido e maior capacidade de capturar e reter espaço. Melaleuca definitivamente demonstrou ter essas características, como nos Everglades, onde a população de Melaleuca aumentou 50 vezes entre o início dos anos 1970 e o final dos anos 1990.

Química

O extrato de M. quinquenervia pode apreesentar diversas formas químicas distintas. Estas formas ou quimiotipos são caracterizadas pelos compostos orgânicos terpenos. O quimiotipo 1 possui terpenos foliares acíclicos, com concentrações de sesquiterpeno Enerolidol 74-95% do óleo total e também monoterpeno linalol. O quimiotipo 2 apresenta alta concentração de terpenos foliares cíclicos, em especial sesquiterpeno viridiflorol com 13-66% do óleo total. O quimiotipo 2 também inclui monoterpenos 1,8- cineol e α- terpineol.

A grandinina é um elagitanino também encontrado em folhas de M. quinquenervia.

Usos
A nioauli é usada tradicionalmente para fazer coolamons, abrigo, embrulhar alimentos assados e forrar fornos moídos. O néctar é extraído tradicionalmente por lavagem em coolamons de água que é posteriormente consumido como bebida  A flor perfumada também produz um mel âmbar claro a escuro, dependendo do distrito. É fortemente aromatizado e não é considerado um mel de alta qualidade, mas, no entanto, é popular.

Melaleuca quinquenervia às vezes é usado como bonsai.

A madeira é tolerante a encharcamento e é usada em cercas.

Melaleuca quinquenervia é frequentemente usada como árvore de rua ou plantada em parques e jardins públicos, especialmente em Sydney. Na Austrália é excelente como quebra-vento, árvore de triagem e fonte de alimento para uma ampla variedade de espécies locais de insetos e pássaros. Pode tolerar solos encharcados. É considerado pelo Departamento de Agricultura dos Estados Unidos (USDA) como uma erva daninha invasora na Flórida, onde foi introduzida para drenar pântanos.

O óleo essencial de Melaleuca quinquenervia é usado em uma variedade de produtos cosméticos, especialmente na Austrália. O óleo é relatado em fitoterapia e medicina natural para funcionar como agente anti-séptico e antibacteriano, para ajudar com infecções da bexiga, problemas respiratórios e catarro. O óleo tem uma pontuação de risco muito baixa (nível 0) no Banco de Dados de Segurança Cosmética.

Galeria

Referências

Veja também

 Plantas invasoras de origem australiana
 Melaleuca leucadendra, também comumente chamada de "árvore de casca de papel"

Árvores tolerantes à seca
Árvores da Austrália

Melaleuca quinquenervia


O Campeonato Paranaense de Futsal de 2008 - Campeonato Paranaense de Futsal, cujo nome usual é Chave Ouro, foi a 14ª edição da mais importante competição da modalidade no estado, sua organização é de competência da Federação Paranaense de Futsal.

A edição 2008, foi decidida entre Umuarama Futsal e o Ciagym Maringáhttps://www.folhadelondrina.com.br/esporte/umuarama-e-maringa-decidem-no-futsal-660683.html, sendo que o título ficou para o clube umuaramense, que chegou ao bi campeonato.

Tabela Primeira Fase

Tabela oficial.http://futsalpr.hospedagemdesites.ws/chaves/historico-classificacao.asp?ano=2008&chave=ouro

Confrontos

 Vitória do mandante;
 Vitória do visitante;
 Empate.
... Jogo fora de casa

|}

Segunda Fase

Grupo A http://www.futsalparana.com.br/index.php?option=com_docman&Itemid=131&limitstart=10

Confrontos
 Para ler a tabela, a linha horizontal representa os jogos da equipe como mandante. A coluna vertical indica os jogos da equipe como visitante.

 Vitória do mandante;
 Vitória do visitante;
 Empate.

|}

Grupo B

Confrontos
 Para ler a tabela, a linha horizontal representa os jogos da equipe como mandante. A coluna vertical indica os jogos da equipe como visitante.

 Vitória do mandante;
 Vitória do visitante;
 Empate.

Play-Offs

Premiação

Futsal do Paraná
2008 no futsal
2008 no Paraná

Campeonato Paranaense de Futsal de 2008


වසූරිය () මිනිසාට පමණක්ම ආවේනික වූ වැලියොලා මේජර් හා වැලියෝලා  මයිනර්   නම් වෛරස ප්‍රභේද දෙකක් මගින් හටගන්නා බෝවන රෝගයකි. මෙය ලතින් භාෂාවෙන් තිත් හෝ බිබිලි ඇතිකරන යන අරුත් දේ. පහලොස්වන ශත වර්ශයේදී යුරෝපයේ වසූරිය (smallpox)  යන නම උපදේශය (great pox) නම් රෝගයෙන් වෙන්කොට හදුනාගැනීම සදහා භාවිතා  වුණි.

වසූරිය රෝගය සමෙහි උගුරෙහි හා මුඛයෙහි කුඩා රැධිර වාහිණි තුළට සීමා වේ. සමෙහි මේවා කුඩා ලප සහිත පැල්ලමක් ලෙස ද පසු කාලීනව ඉස්සුනු දියරයක් පිරී බිබිලි ලෙසට ද හටගනී. වැලියෝලා මිස්රි වෛරස මගින් වඩාත් දියුණු  තත්වයට රෝගය ඇති කරන අතර මෙමගින්  30%  සිට 35% දක්වා මරණ සංඛ්‍යාවක් ඇති කරයි. වැලිසොරා මයිනර් මගින් ඇතිකරන රෝගය එතරම් දරුණු නොවන අතර එමගින් රෝගයට ගොදුරු වූවන්ගෙන් ආසන්න වශයෙන් 1% ක් බිලිගනී.  වැලියොලා මයිනර් මගින් ආසාදිතයන්ට ඇති වන දීර්ඝකාලීන සංකූලතාවයන් වන මුහුණෙහි ඇතවන ඊට ආවේනික කැළැල් ජීවත් වන්නන්ගේ  65 - 85% ක් අතර දක්නට ලැබේ. 2% සිට 5% දක්වා වූ සුළුතරයකට ඇසේ කනීණිකාවේ ඇති වන තුවාල නිසා හටගන්නා අන්ධභාවය, ආතරයිටිස් රෝගය නිසා හන්දිපත්වල ඇතිවන විකෘතිතා හා අස්ථිවල ඇති වන ආසාදනයන් දක්නට ඇත.

වසූරිය මානව වර්ගයා තුළ ඇතිවන්නට ඇත්තේ ක්‍රි.පූ. 3 වන සියවසේ සිටය. රෝගය නිසා 18 වන සියවසේ දී 400000 ක් පමණ යුරෝපා ජාතිකයින් පිරිසක් මරුමුවට පත්වූ අතර එවකට අන්ධවීම් අතරින් තුන්වන  ස්ථානයක් ගනී.  ආසාදිතයින්ගෙන් 20%  සිට  60% අතර ද ළමුන්ගෙන් 50% කට වැඩියෙන් රෝගය නිසා මරණයට පත්වුණි.

විසිවන සියවසේදී සිදුකරන ලද ගණන් බැලීම්වලට අනුව වසූරිය රෝගය නිසා මිලියන 300 - 500 ත් අතර පුද්ගලයින් ප්‍රමාණයක් මරණයට පත්ව ඇත. 1967 දී ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය තක්සේරු කළ අන්දමට එම වසර තුළ මිලියන 15 ක් වූ රෝගීන් ප්‍රමාණයක් වාර්තා වූ අතර මිලියන දෙකක් මරණයට පත්ව ඇත. දහනවවන හා විසිවන ශතවර්ෂය පුරාවටම  දියත් කරන ලද සාර්ථක ප්‍රතිශක්තීකරණ ව්‍යාපාරයක් නිසා ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය මගින් 1979 දී වසුරිය ලොව තුලින් මුළුමනින්ම තුරන් කිරීමට හැකි වුණි. මේවන විට මුළුමනින්ම ලොවෙන් තුරන් කරන ලද එකම බෝවන රෝගය වන්නේ වසුරියයි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 වසංගත ලැයිස්තුව

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැඳි

Chordopoxvirinae
Eradicated diseases
Virus-related cutaneous conditions
බෝවන රෝග
මානව සංහතියේ ජයග්‍රහන
ප්‍රතිශක්තිකරණය

වසූරිය


Minimalno razapinjuće stablo, pojam iz teorije grafova. To je vrsta razapinjućeg stabla. To je stablo težine (tj. zbroja težina njegovih bridova) manje ili jednake težini svakog drugog razapinjućeg stabla u težinskom grafu.

Mnogi su algoritmi za pronalaženje minimalnog razapinjućeg stabla, Kruskalov, Primov i Boruvkin.

Izvori

Teorija grafova

Minimalno razapinjuće stablo


Creampie (od engl. creampie - krempita) ili unutarnja ejakulacija je seksualni čin koji se često prikazuje u pornografiji. Kod tog čina muškarac ejakulira unutar partnerske vagine ili anusa bez kondoma, a rezultat je vidljivo istjecanje ejakulata iz vagine ili anusa.

Korištenje u pornografiji
Unutarnja ejakulacija je relativno nedavni razvoj u pornografiji; ne pojavljuje se u ranim pornografijskim filmovima. Korištenje izraza creampie za opisivanje takve scene potječe iz američke pornografije iz ranih 2000ih.

U heteroseksualnoj pornografiji nakon seksualne aktivnosti se često prikazuje facial ili druga vidljiva ejakulacija. Creampie scene udaljavaju se od heteroseksualnih pornografskih konvencija i bliže predočuju seksualnu aktivnost sličnu stvarnosti. Creampie scene postale su popularan žanr u heteroseksualnoj pornografiji od početka 21 stoljeća i prikazuju i vaginalne i analne ejakulacije.

Izvori

Spolne aktivnosti

Creampie


පළවෙනි තොග ඡායාරප කාර්යාංශය 1920 දී එච්. ආව්ස්රට්‍රෝංගේ රොබට් විසින් පිහිවුන ලදි. එය අද රොබස්ටොක් ලෙස හැදින්වේ.

වසර ගණනාවක් මුළුල්ලේ ම තොග ඡායාරූපකරණය සෑදී තිබුනේ ව්‍යාපාරික සගරා සදහා ගන්නා ඡයාරූප විලිනි. 1980 වන විට තොග ඡායාරූප මදහා ලබා දීමට ඡයාරූප ශිලපීන් විසින් රැගන්කරන ලදී.

ප්‍රචාරකයන් සදහා අවශ්‍ය රෑප කලින් තිසීම සහ එම අවශ්‍යතාවය ඡායාරූප ශිල්පීනට දැනුම් දීම සද"හා කාර්යාශය වඩාත් සංකීර්ණ විය. එබැවින් ඡායාරූප ශිල්පීන් දෙයක් සෙසද බැලිය යුතු ඇස පිළිබද සැලකිලිමත් විය. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස සගරාවක මුල් කවරයේ භාවිතා කිරීම සදාහා යොදා ගැනීමට ඡායාරූප රැගෙන කිරීමේදී එය සිරස්වද, ඉහළින් සහ පහල වම් පසින් ඉඩ තිබෙන පරිදි රූගත කිරීම දැක්විය හැක. මේ වන විට තිබු ප්‍රධාන කාර්යාංශ ලෙස The image Bank, Super stock, Comstoc Image , Touystone Photo researches, FBG දැක්විය හැක.

1990 දී Getty Image සහ Corbis  විශාලතම වෙළද සමාගම් දෙක විය. අදවන විට තොග  ඡායාරූප වෙළදාම සමාගම් අන්තර්ජාලය ඔස්සේ ව්‍යාප්ත වී ඇත. 2000 වසරේ මුල් භාග Jupiyermedia සමාගමට කුඩා කාර්යාංශ මිලදි ගෙන ඒවා   Jupityerimages යටතේ පවත්වාගෙන යන ලදී. මෙමගින් ලොව තුන්වන විශාලම සමාගම වීමට හැකි විය.

බෙදාහැරීමේ මාධයය ලෙස අන්තර්ජාලය භාවිතා කිරිමෙන් සමග සහ ආධුනිකයන් සහ විනෝදාංශයට ඡායාරූප ගත කරන්නවුන් සේවට බදවා ගැනීමෙන් ඉතා අඩු මිලට උසස් තත්ත්වයේ ඡායාරූප ලෝක වෙළදාපොලට ඉදිරිපත් කල හැකි විය.

2003 වසරේදී Shutterpoint ආයතනය විසින් විවෘත සම්ප්‍රවේශ ආකෘතියක් හදුන්වාදෙන ලදි. මෙමගින් සියළු පදනම් ඡායාරූප අන්තර්ජාලයට ඇතුළු කොට ඒවා වෙළදාම කිරීමට අවස්තාවන් සලසා දෙන ලදී. 2004 දී  footlibra විසින් නැඹුරැතාව පවත්වාගෙන ගිය අතර 2005 දී Scoopt ආනයනය මගින් පුරවැසි ලේඛන ශාලාව සදහා කාර්යාංශයක් ආරම්භ කරන ලදී. මෙමගින් පොදුජනතාව කැමරා දුරකථන වලින් ගන්නා විශේෂසිද්ධි වලට අදාල ඡායාරූප අන්තර්ජාලයට ඇතුළු කිරීමට ඉඩ ලබාදෙන ලදී. 2007 දී Cutcaster මගින් මෙම අදහස තව දුරටත් පුළුල් කෙරැනු අතර ඡායාරූප ශිල්පින් ඇතුලත් කරන මුද ඡායාරූපයට කැමරා මිලක් ඔවුනටම නියම කළ හැකි අතර මිලදී ගන්නන් හටද ලංසු තැබීමේ අවස්ථාව සදහා දෙන ලදී. මෙය මෙම වර්ගයේ පලවු සාකච්ඡා මාධ්‍ය විය.

ඡායාරූපකරණ ඉතිහාසය


Konrad Gündisch () este un istoric sas, specialist în istoria evului mediu, istoria oraselor, istoria socială și istoria mentalităților, raportate la Transilvania, Ungaria și România.

Biografie
Konrad Gündisch s-a născut în Sibiu în anul 1948, unul dintre cei cinci copii ai istoricului Gustav Gündisch și ai Hertei Gündisch.

Colaborator la colecția "Documenta Romaniae Historica", seriile  C (Transilvania) și D (Relații între țările române), la colecția de documente săsești "Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der Deutschen in Siebenbürgen", la catalogul predicilor funerare din Germania secolelor XVI-XVIII, acesta a semnat cărți despre istoria Ungariei (colecția Suhrkamp), istoria sașilor, istoria patriciatului, istoria Sibiului, a orașelor Pécs și Kosice, a istoriei stereotipurilor și a toleranței religioase în Transilvania, fiind recunoscut pentru activitatea sa profesionala constanta.

Educație și formare

După ce a urmat cursurile Liceului "Samuel von Brukenthal" din Sibiu, absolvit în 1966, s-a orientat spre studierea istoriei în perioada 1966-1971 la Universitatea Babes-Bolyai din Cluj.
În perioada 1977-1981 urmează studiile universitare de doctorat sub îndrumarea profesorilor Francisc Pall și Ștefan Pascu.

Activitate profesională

Konrad Gündisch și-a început activitatea de istoric la Institutul de Istorie "George Barițiu" din Cluj, colectivul de documente medievale "Documenta Romaniae Historica", unde a activat până în anul 1984.
În ceea ce privește lucrările sale, de remarcat în mod deosebit sunt cercetările sale extinse asupra elitelor germane din Transilvania în Evul Mediu, dar și edițiile sale de documente. Condițiile de trai din România l-au determinat pe el și familia sa să se mute în Republica Federală Germania în 1984. Aici a lucrat în perioada 1985-1986 la Centrul de documentare a istoriei și culturii ardelene din Gundelsheim și la Institutul de Istorie al Academiei de Științe și Litere din Mainz. Între 1987 și 1991 a lucrat în cadrul Departamentului de Istorie de la Universitatea din Tübingen, iar în anul 1989 susține teza de doctorat despre "Patriciatul orășenesc transilvan în evul mediu" la Universitatea din Tübingen (cond. de doctorat: prof. Zimmermann).
Între anii 1991 și 1993 a lucrat în calitate de consultant în cercetarea transilvăneană la Institutul pentru Relații Culturale Externe (Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen) Stuttgart și a condus în același timp Biblioteca Transilvăneană din Gundelsheim, înainte de a activa în perioada 1993-2013 în cadrul Institutului Federal pentru Cultură și Istorie al Germanilor din Europa de Est (Bundesinstitut für Kultur und Geschichte der Deutschen im östlichen Europa), unde din 2014 a fost director adjunct și director științific.
Konrad Gündisch a ținut în perioada 1990-2014 cursuri la Facultatea de Studii Europene a UBB Cluj și la Facultatea de Istorie din Oldenburg în cadrul cărora este și profesor universitar onorific din 2004.
În perioada cuprinsă între anii 2013-2015 este directorul Institutului pentru Cultura și Istoria Germană în sud-estul Europei din cadrul Universității din München (Institut für deutsche Kultur und Geschichte Südosteuropas).
A ieșit la pensie în 2015, însă este în continuare o prezență activă la dezbaterile publice despre istorie și rolul minorităților în România.

Note

Nașteri în 1948
Sibieni
Sași transilvăneni
Istorici români
Luterani români

Konrad Gündisch


Luthela dengfeng est une espèce d'araignées mésothèles de la famille des Heptathelidae.

Distribution
Cette espèce est endémique du Henan en Chine. Elle se rencontre vers Dengfeng.

Description
Le mâle holotype mesure  et la femelle paratype , les femelles mesurent de  à .

Étymologie
Son nom d'espèce lui a été donné en référence au lieu de sa découverte, Dengfeng.

Publication originale
 Xu, Yu, Liu & Li, 2022 : « Delimitation of the segmented trapdoor spider genus Luthela gen. nov., with comments on the genus Sinothela from northern China (Araneae, Mesothelae, Liphistiidae). » Zootaxa, , .

Liens externes

Notes et références

Heptathelidae
Espèce d'araignées (nom scientifique)
Faune endémique du Henan

Luthela dengfeng


Bačka (, ) or Bácska () is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary. Most of the area is located within the Vojvodina region in Serbia and Novi Sad, the capital of Vojvodina, lies on the border between Bačka and Syrmia. The smaller northern part of the geographical area is located within Bács-Kiskun County in Hungary.

Name
According to Serbian historians, Bačka is a typical Slavic name form, created from "Bač" (name of historical town in Bačka) and suffix "ka" (which designates "the land that belongs to Bač").

The name of "Bač" (Bács) town is of uncertain origin and its existence was recorded among Vlachs, Slavs and Hungarians in the Middle Ages. The origin of the name could be Paleo-Balkanic, Romanian, Slavic, or Old Turkic.

According to Hungarian historians, the denominator of the landscape may have been the first bailiff of Bač (Bács) castle, and the name which can be rendered probably Old Turkic baya derives from a dignity name.

In the 17th and 18th century, due to the large number of Serbs who lived in Bačka, this region was called »Raczorszag« (Hungarian for "the Serb country"). Sometimes, the Hungarians used name Délvidék ("the southern or lower country") for a wider imprecisely defined geographical area, which, according to 19th century view also included Bačka. However, according to other Hungarian sources, Bačka was rather seen as part of Alföld.

History
Through history, Bačka has been a part of Dacia, the Kingdom of the Iazyges, the Hun Empire, the Gepid Kingdom, the Avar Khanate, the First Bulgarian Empire, the Great Moravia, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Serb realm of Jovan Nenad, the Ottoman Empire, the Habsburg monarchy, the Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Kingdom of Serbia, the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbia and Montenegro, and since 2006, it has been part of an independent Republic of Serbia. The smaller northern part of the region was part of the short-lived Serb-Hungarian Baranya-Baja Republic (in 1921) and part of independent Hungary since 1921.

People have inhabited the region of Bačka since Neolithic times. Indo-European peoples settled in this region in three migration waves dated in 4200 BC, 3300 BC, and 2800 BC respectively. The earliest historical inhabitants of the region were probably Illyrian tribes. Later, other Indo-European peoples, including Dacians, Celts, Sarmatians (Iazyges) and Gepids were recorded as inhabitants of Bačka.

Slavs settled today's Bačka in the 6th and 7th centuries, before part of them subsequently migrated to the Balkans. In the 9th century the territory of Bačka was part of Bulgarian Empire. Salan, a Bulgarian voivod (duke), was a ruler in this territory and his capital city was Titel. In the early 10th century, Hungarians defeated Salan, and his duchy came under Hungarian rule.

At the turn of the first millennium, during the administration of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary by Stephen I of Hungary, two counties (comitatus) were formed in this land. Bács County in the south, with city of Bács (now Bač) as its administrative centre and Bodrog County in the western and central territories with the historical city of Bodrogvár as capital (near the presenr-day village of Bački Monoštor). The two countries were later united to form Bács-Bodrog County. There were also territories of Csongrád County in the northeastern parts of Bačka. In 1085 King Ladislaus I made Bács the seat of the Archbishopric of Kalocsa-Bács. The first archbishop, Fabian (1085–1103) helped the king in the course of the campaign against Croatia and was rewarded with the title. According to Serbian sources, Ilija Vid, the first known prefect of Bacsensis County was recorded in 1068 and he was an ethnic Serb. In this time, the region was populated by both, Slavs and Hungarians. Serbian historian Dr. Milenko Palić also mentions that prefect Vid was an ethnic Serb and that he, together with two other ethnic Serbs whose names were Ilija and Radovan, participated in dynastic struggles in the Kingdom of Hungary, in the end of the 11th century.  According to Hungarian authors, prefect Vid belonged to the Gutkeled genus, but there is a possibility that he was a fictitious person. In 1169, canons from the knighthood Order of the Holy Sepulchre built a small church in Bács in the Romanesque style. They used some building materials from much older previous edifices. Franciscans took over the church in 1300. In the second half of the 14th century, the Franciscans expanded it, forming a monastery. Today the Fanciscian monastery of Bács is the oldest church building in present-day Vojvodina. In the early 13th century Ugrin Csák, Archbishop of Kalocsa, founded a hospital in Bács, as the first such facility in this part of Europe. Pope Gregory IX wrote about the "Bačka hospital" in 1234, as being open for the sick and poor. At the beginning of the fourteenth century the town of Bács prospered during the rule of king Charles Robert I, who started building the modern fortress in 1338–42 at the site of the earlier hillfort. From the 15th century, it became the most important Hungarian defense point against the invading Ottoman forces.

In 1526 the Kingdom of Hungary was defeated in the Battle of Mohács by the Ottoman Empire, King Louis II fell in the battle. After the victorious campaign the Ottoman army led by Suleiman I withdrew from Hungary through the Danube–Tisza Interfluve, leaving only smaller garrisons in the fortifications. Within two to three weeks the retreating army killed approximately 400.000 men, burned down almost all the settlements, desolating the whole region. In this chaotic period took place the revolt of the Rascians and Bačka became (from 1526 to 1527) the central region of an independent, short-lived Serbian pseudostate, which existed in the territory of present-day Vojvodina. The ruler of this state was the self-appointed Emperor Jovan Nenad (previously the stableman of the king John Zápolya) and his capital city was Subotica. After Jovan Nenad was defeated and killed, his state collapsed and Bačka, for a short time, came again under Hungarian administration. Soon, the region became part of the Ottoman Empire.

After the Ottoman conquest, most of the previously decisive Hungarian majority population have fled (in the 16th–17th centuries). The relatively dense populated and prosperous southern counties of the Kingdom were devastated and became mostly abandoned and depopulated. During the Ottoman period , and later in the 17th and 18th century begun the intense settlement of the Serbs and other South Slavs from the Ottoman ruled central Balkans. They were military engaged in the borderlands by both sides. This resulted in radical changes of the population structure. Hungarian, Serb and Bunjevci peasants, and Serb and Vlach peasant soldiers lived (in ever-decreasing number) in the area, who had an impact on the landscape with their farming. In the Ottoman towns there was a Muslim population, and outside the city wall there were communities of various Christian denominations and occupations. Bačka was part of the Sanjak of Segedin (Szeged), the region was sparsely populated with Serbs (who were in an absolute majority) and Muslims.

During the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) on 11 September 1697, near Senta in the eastern Bačka took place one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history, the Battle of Zenta. Christian forces of the Holy League (1684) led by Prince Eugene of Savoy in a surprise attack destroyed the Ottoman army crossing the river Tisza. The battle resulted in a spectacular victory for Austria. As a result, in 1699 the Treaty of Karlowitz was signed, ending the Ottoman control in much of Central Europe. All the lands of the Kingdom of Hungary (except for Banat and a small chunk of Eastern Slavonia) conquered by the Ottomans in the previous 150 years were returned. Under the rule of Leopold I the Bačka became a possession of the Habsburg monarchy. Bács-Bodrog County was established in the western parts of the region and it was re-integrated into the county system of the Kingdom of Hungary, while some other (mostly eastern) parts of the Bačka were incorporated into the Tisza-Maros section of Habsburg Military Frontier, which was directly administered  by the Imperial Habsburg court in Vienna. There were significant differences in the status of the inhabitants of the feudal county and the privileged newcome settlers of the Military Frontier, who composed mostly of ethnic Serbs. The Grenz infantry of the Military Frontier was primarily formed to defend Austria against the Ottoman Turks, but impliedly it was intended to offset and control the Hungarian population. This position was several times used by the Habsburg rulers as a political and tactical instrument in the following centuries.

In the Rákóczi's War of Independence  heavy fightings took place also in Bačka. In 1704 Francis II Rákóczi led a victorious campaign in this parts. The Serbs fought on the Emperor's side since the beginning of the war. They were used as the light cavalry in the Austrian army and as tax collectors. During the eight years of war Hungarian villages and towns of the Great Hungarian Plain and Transdanubia were burnt and robbed by the Serbs, while in Bácska Serb villages were burnt. However, there were some Serbs who fought on Rakóczi's side against the Habsburgs – the Frontiersmen of Semlak. The leader of the Kuruc Serb troops was Frontier Captain Obrad Lalić from Senta.
Later, some parts of the Military Frontier were abolished in 1751, these parts of Bačka were also included into Bács-Bodrog County. The only part of Bačka which remained within the Military Frontier was Šajkaška, but it also came under civil administration in 1873.

According to the Austrian censuses from 1715 to 1720, Serbs, Bunjevci, and Šokci comprised most of the region's population (97.6% of population according to 1715–1720 census data). There were only 530 or 1.9% Hungarians and 0.5% Germans. During the 18th century, the Habsburgs carried out an intensive colonisation of the area, which had low population density after the last Ottoman Wars, as much of the Serbian population had been decimated through warfare. Muslim population had almost entirely left or was expelled from the region and some of the Muslim refugees from this area settled in Ottoman Bosnia. The new settlers in Bačka were primarily Serbs who moved from Ottoman Balkans, Hungarians - returning to Bačka from all parts of the Habsburg Hungary, and Germans. Because many of the Germans came from Swabia, they were known as Donauschwaben, or Danube Swabians. Some Germans also came from Austria, and some from Bavaria and Alsace. Lutheran Slovaks, Rusyns, and others were also colonized but to a much smaller extent.

There was also an emigration of Serbs from the eastern parts of the region, which belonged to Military Frontier until 1751. After the abolition of the Tisa-Mureş section of Military Frontier, many Serbs emigrated from north-eastern parts of Bačka. They moved either to Russia (notably to New Serbia and Slavo-Serbia) or to Banat, where the Military Frontier was still needed.

In 1848 and 1849, in the course of the Hungarian Revolution and War of Independence broke out the Serb uprising in the Délvidék. The rebels fought on the side of the Habsburg army  (together with the German and Romanian regiments from Banat and numerous voluntiers from the Principality of Serbia) against the legitimate Hungarian government and the Hungarian Revolutionary Army. The fightings were characterized by largely ethnically motivated, bloody atrocities on the civilians, mostly executed by the irregular Serb forces. One of the most illustrative events was the "Bloody Candlemas" of 1849 in Senta (Hungarian: véres gyertyaszentelő). On 2 February the Serb forces overrun and conquered the city, resulting mass looting, arson and massacre of the Hungarian inhabitants. In the following weeks of the occupation 2000-2800 civilians were killed partially with the assistance of the local Serbs.
As the result of the uprising Bačka was proclaimed as part of the Serbian Voivodship, meant as a Serbian autonomous region within Austrian Empire, while between 1849 and 1860 it was part of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar, a separate Austrian crown land (the official languages of the voivodship were German and Illyrian, i.e. Serbo-Croatian). After 1860, when the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar was abolished, Bács-Bodrog County was again formed in the territory of Bačka. The county was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, which became one of two constitutient parts of Austria-Hungary in 1867. According to the 1910 census, the population of Bačka numbered 704,563 people and was composed of: 43.2% speakers of Hungarian (310,490), 28.1% speakers of South Slavic (Serbo-Croatian) language and 22.5% speakers of German. Linguistic composition of the region is partially different from ethnic composition since some ethnic Jews and bilingual South Slavs were in this census recorded as speakers of Hungarian language.

In early September 1914, several years before the end of the Austria-Hungary, in a town in the West Vojvodina Bačka region known as Zombor or Sombor of some 30,000 people, including 12,000 Serb-speakers, popular demonstrations demanded the removal of all shop signs in the Cyrillic alphabet. When an angry mob chased one Serb-speaking shopkeeper to his home for refusing to remove his Cyrillic sign, he responded by shooting at the demonstrators. The local military commander demanded the shopkeeper's immediate extradition, court martialed him and executed him on the spot. The court martial also designated twelve more affluent hostages from among the Serb-speaking population who would be "arrested and immediately executed by the military authorities" in the case of any obstruction or opposition shown by the local [Serb-speaking] population to the military authorities." This would presage the Serb genocide committed in the Independent State of Croatia during most of the Second World War.

At the end of October 1918, Austria-Hungary gradually dissolved and, with the Armistice of Villa Giusti of 3 November, officially capitulated to the Triple Entente. Following this capitulation, Slavs from Banat, Bačka and Baranja organized a new civil administration in these regions as well as their own military units known as People's Guard (Serbian: Narodna straža).  The new civil administration was composed of local People's Boards (Serbian: Narodni odbori), which were subordinated to Serb People's Board (Serbian: Srpski narodni odbor) in Novi Sad. Military units of Serb People's Board also possessed aircraft from the Novi Sad Airport. After elections, which were organized between 18 and 24 November, Great People's Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs of Banat, Bačka and Baranja (held on 25 November 1918) proclaimed unification of these regions with the Kingdom of Serbia. The assembly represented only a part of the whole population and did not met the principle of the self-determination of nations. It numbered 757 deputies, of which 578 were Serbs , 84 Bunjevci , 62 Slovaks , 21 Rusyn , 6 Germans , 3 Šokci , 2 Croats and 1 Hungarian , despite the fact that the absolute majority of the population of these regions was Hungarian and German. New administrative bodies of Banat, Bačka and Baranja (government and parliament) were also formed. Although, government in Belgrade accepted decision of unification with Serbia, it never recognized new provincial government. The provincial administration, however, was active until 12 March 1919, when it held its last session.

On 1 December 1918, the Kingdom of Serbia united with the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs to form new country named the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes. Sovereignty of new kingdom was recognized by the Treaty of Saint Germain in 1919. The Treaty of Trianon of 4 June 1920 defined the exact borders between Hungary and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (which was later renamed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia) and original territory of Bačka was divided between these two countries. The northern part of the region was a separate county of Hungary (Bács-Bodrog) with seat in Baja, which was later incorporated into Bács-Kiskun county. The southern part of the region was within the District of Novi Sad of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes between 1918 and 1922, then was divided between Bačka Oblast and Belgrade Oblast, provinces (oblasts) of the kingdom, between 1922 and 1929. In 1929, it was incorporated into Danube Banovina, which was a province of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Between 1820 and 1910, Hungarian speaking population in Bačka increased from 121,688 (31.5%) to 363,518 (44.75%). In the same time, percentage of South Slavs decreased from 44% in 1820 to 27% in 1910. 1921 census showed about 40,000 Hungarian speakers less than in census of 1910. This was especially case in Subotica where 1910 census recorded 55.587 speakers of Hungarian and 33,247 speakers of Bunjevac, while census of 1921 recorded 60,700 speakers of Serbo-Croatian and 26,750 speakers of Hungarian. This is explained by the fact that ethnic Bunjevci from Subotica who had knowledge of Hungarian language were listed as speakers of Hungarian by 1910 census. Between 1921 and 1931 census, number of Hungarian speakers in Bačka increased from 260,998 to 268,711. Slavic population increased by 91,800 inhabitants.

In 1941, Yugoslav Bačka was occupied by the Axis powers and attached to Horthy's Hungary (but was still internationally recognized as part of Yugoslavia). Before this occupation, according to 1931 census, Yugoslav Bačka had 784,896 inhabitants, of whom there were 284,865 Yugoslavs (Serbs, Croats, Bunjevci, Šokci), 268,711 Hungarians and 169,858 Germans. Hungarian occupation authorities expelled several thousands of Serbs from the region and settled ethnic Hungarians from other parts of Central Europe in their place, so that the Hungarian census of 1941 recorded different a demographic composition in the region. According to this census, the territory of Bačka had 789,705 inhabitants, of which 45.4% or 47.2% were speakers of Hungarian language (not all of them native, however). During the occupation, Hungarian troops killed about 20,000 Serbs, Jews and Roma.

The occupation ended in 1944 and Yugoslav Bačka became part of the new Democratic Federal Yugoslavia (later the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia). Following the defeat of the Axis troops, most of the German population that lived in the area left the region together with German army. The smaller part of the German population (several thousands of people) that did not leave the area (mostly women, children and the elderly) were sent to prison camps, where many of them died of malnutrition and disease. After the war, members of the Yugoslav Partisan army also killed several tens of thousands of inhabitants of German, Hungarian and Serb ethnic origin (in whole of Vojvodina). Estimates about numbers of victims of the Partisans (in whole of Vojvodina) are between 17,000 and 56,000 killed Germans, between 4,000 and 40,000 Hungarians killed, and about 23,000–24,000 Serbs killed.

Together with eastern Syrmia, western Banat, and northern Mačva, Yugoslav Bačka has been part of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina since 1945. After 1992, Yugoslav Bačka was part of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (renamed Serbia and Montenegro in 2003), and since 2006 it has been part of the independent Republic of Serbia.

Geography
Bačka is a flat, fertile agricultural area within the larger Pannonian Plain, which was once the ancient Pannonian Sea. In Hungary, it is seen as a southern extension of the Great Alfold (itself part of the Pannonian Plain), while this designation is not used in Serbia where region is simply seen as a part of the Pannonian Plain. It lies between the River Danube to the west and south, and by the River Tisa (Tisza) to the east of which confluence is located near Titel in the South Bačka District of Serbia. The region is crisscrossed by parts of the Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal system which serves a variety of economic purposes. Almost all of Bačka is divided between Serbia and Hungary. However, there are small uninhabited pockets of the area on the left bank of the Danube which are de jure parts of Croatia according to the Badinter Commission; the disputed areas have been under de facto Serbian control since 1991.

Most of the territory and a vast majority of the population of Bačka is part of Serbia's Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. This area within Serbia is officially divided into the districts of Southern Bačka, Western Bačka, and Northern Bačka. Novi Sad, the capital of Vojvodina, lies on the border between Bačka and Syrmia, on both banks of the river Danube. In some sources, Serbian part of Bačka is referred to as Central and Southern Bačka ( / Srednja i južna Bačka; ) or simply Southern Bačka ( / ""Južna Bačka; Dél-Bácska). The smaller part of the region in Hungary's Bács-Kiskun County is, by the same sources, described as Northern Bačka (;  / Severna Bačka'').

Serbian Bačka

The districts of Serbia in Bačka are:
 West Bačka
 North Bačka
 South Bačka

Note that municipalities of Sremski Karlovci, Petrovaradin, and Beočin and southern part of municipality of Bačka Palanka that belong to South Bačka District are geographically not located in Bačka, but in Syrmia, while municipalities of Ada, Senta and Kanjiža which are geographically located in Bačka are part of North Banat District.

Geographic or traditional subregions or regions overlapping with Serbian Bačka include Gornji Breg, Podunavlje, Potisje, Šajkaška, Telečka and Paorija.

Cities, towns and villages in the Serbian part of Bačka with more than 10,000 inhabitants (with population numbers from 2011 census):
 Novi Sad (250,439)
 Subotica (97,910)
 Sombor (47,623)
 Bačka Palanka (28,239)
 Vrbas (24,112)
 Bečej (23,895)
 Temerin (19,661)
 Senta (18,704)
 Futog (18,641)
 Kula (17,866)
 Veternik (17,454)
 Apatin (17,411)
 Bačka Topola (14,573)
 Srbobran (12,009)
 Kać (11,740)

Towns and villages in the Serbian part of Bačka with population between 5,000 and 10,000 inhabitants (with population numbers from 2011 census):
 Kanjiža (9,871)
 Ada (9,564)
 Žabalj (9,161)
 Crvenka (9,001)
 Odžaci (8,811)
 Čurug (8,166)
 Sivac (7,895)
 Palić (7,771)
 Bajmok (7,414)
 Čantavir (6,591)
 Rumenka (6,495)
 Bačko Petrovo Selo (6,350)
 Bački Petrovac (6,155)
 Mol (6,009)
 Horgoš (5,709)
 Bački Jarak (5,687)
 Kovilj (5,414)
 Bač (5,399)
 Titel (5,294)
 Bačko Gradište (5,110)
 Đurđevo (5,092)
 Kisač (5,091)
 Stara Moravica (5,051)
 Kljajićevo (5,045)

Note: Senta, Kanjiža, Ada, Mol and Horgoš are geographically located in Bačka, but they are part of the North Banat District.

Also see: List of inhabited places of Vojvodina

Hungarian Bácska

The Hungarian Bácska is mostly located in the Bács-Kiskun county of Hungary, while one small part of the region is located in the Baranya county.

Subregions in the Hungarian Bácska include (with population numbers):
 Bajai (76,906)
 Bácsalmási (18,578)
 Jánoshalmai (17,885)

Note that parts of Hungarian Bácska also belong to the subregions of Kiskunhalasi and Mohácsi, although the main parts of those subregions are not located in Bácska.

Most important towns in Hungarian Bácska (with population numbers):
 Baja (38,143)
 Jánoshalma (9,866)
 Bácsalmás (7,694)

Demographics

Serbia
According to the 2022 Serbian census, the population of the Serbian part of Bačka (in geographical borders) numbers 924,879 people and is composed of:
 618,590 (66.88%) Serbs
 141,688 (15.31%) Hungarians
 756,013 (81.74%) Serbian language
 136,730 (14.78%) Hungarian language
 others (including Slovaks, Croats, Bunjevci, Šokci, Rusyns, Montenegrins, Yugoslavs, Romani, Germans, etc.).

Hungary
According to the 2001 census in Hungary, the rough population of the Hungarian Bácska (including districts of Bajai, Bácsalmási, and Jánoshalmai) numbering 113,432 people.   Note that administrative borders of the districts do not fully correspond with the geographical borders of Hungarian Bácska. Most of the inhabitants of Hungarian Bácska are ethnic Hungarians.

Gallery

See also
 Bačka Oblast
 Bács-Bodrog
 Bács-Kiskun
 Banat, Bačka and Baranja
 Eparchy of Bačka
 FK Bačka Bačka Palanka
 North Bačka District
 South Bačka District
 Vojvodina
 West Bačka District

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 BackaBanat.com

Geography of Vojvodina
Geographical regions of Serbia
Regions of Hungary
Historical regions in Serbia
Historical regions in Hungary

Bačka


An Andropogon eucomus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck. An Andropogon eucomus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Andropogon, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Nag-uusahan nga subspecies: A. e. huillensis.

Mga kasarigan

Andropogon

Andropogon eucomus


Die evangelische Kirche ist ein denkmalgeschütztes Kirchengebäude in Wingeshausen, einem Ortsteil der Stadt Bad Berleburg im Kreis Siegen-Wittgenstein (Nordrhein-Westfalen).

Geschichte und Architektur
Die ehemalige Marienkirche ist eine spätromanische, dreijochige Hallenkirche mit halbrundem Chorschluss. Sie wurde in der zweiten Hälfte des 13. Jahrhunderts errichtet. Der Dachreiter wurde 1822 aufgesetzt. Der schlichte Putzbau mit Rundbogenfenstern und gerade geschlossenen Seitenschiffen, entspricht der regionalen Ausprägung der Hallenkirchen. Im Inneren sind den Pfeilern der beiden westlichen Joche drei Halbsäulen mit Würfelkapitellen vorgesetzt. Darüber ruhen zwischen Gurt- und Scheidbögen kuppelige Gratgewölbe. In die Seitenschiffe wurden trapezförmige Gewölbefelder eingezogen. Die 1955 von den Emporen befreiten östlichen Joche sind auf Grund fehlender Halbsäulen und der Ausnischung der Außenwände querhausartig akzentuiert. Die Nebenapsiden sind als Halbrundnischen in Mauerstärke ausgeführt. Der Innenraum wurde 1955 neu ausgemalt.

Ausstattung
Die Glocke mit einer Majuskelinschrift wurde im 14. Jahrhundert gegossen. Sie trägt ein Glockengießersiegel und ist auf den Ton fis2 - 5 gestimmt.

Orgel
Die neue Orgel mitsamt einer neuen Brüstung wurde 2007 von Dieter Noeske eingebaut. Das Schleifladen-Instrument hat 15 Register auf zwei Manualen und Pedal. Die Spiel- und Registertrakturen sind mechanisch.

 Koppeln: II/I, I/P, II/P

Einzelnachweise

Literatur
 Georg Dehio, unter wissenschaftlicher Leitung von Ursula Quednau: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. Nordrhein-Westfalen II Westfalen. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Berlin/München 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2.

Weblinks
 Orgelneubau und Fotos (abgerufen am 27. Februar 2012)
 Foto (abgerufen am 27. Februar 2012)

Wingeshausen
Wingeshausen
Baudenkmal in Bad Berleburg
Erbaut im 13. Jahrhundert
Bad Berleburg
Wingeshausen
Bad Berleburg
Bad Berleburg
Wingeshausen

Evangelische Kirche Wingeshausen


Kepler-16b es el primer exoplaneta descubierto que orbita alrededor de una estrella binaria, Kepler-16, sistema estelar formado por una enana naranja y una enana roja.  Está ubicado a 200 años luz de distancia y tiene aproximadamente el tamaño de Saturno. La temperatura de la superficie del planeta estimada por los científicos de la NASA es de -73° a -101° grados celcius debido a que sus dos soles son más pequeños y menos intensos en comparación al nuestro.

Aunque ya antes se habían observado planetas que se creía que eran circumbinarios, el descubrimiento de Kepler-16b por la Misión Kepler se convirtió en el primer caso confirmado cuando se observó al planeta pasar delante de sus dos estrellas.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Kepler-16b en la enciclopedia de planetas extrasolares
 Kepler descubre un planeta con dos soles. Ciencia@NASA

Gigantes gaseosos
Planetas circumbinarios
Planetas extrasolares descubiertos en 2011
Planetas extrasolares en tránsito
Constelación de Cygnus
016b

Kepler-16b


Le chlorure de lanthane(), ou simplement chlorure de lanthane, est un composé chimique de formule . C'est un sel de lanthane courant utilisé essentiellement dans le domaine scientifique. Il se présente sous la forme d'un solide blanc hygroscopique, soluble dans l'eau et les alcools, cristallisé dans le système hexagonal selon le groupe d'espace P6/m () avec comme paramètres cristallins ,  et , tandis que l'heptahydrate  cristallise dans le système monoclinique avec les paramètres , ,  et un angle de 114,3° ; cet hydrate donne la forme anhydre au-dessus de . On peut obtenir le chlorure de lanthane en faisant réagir de l'oxyde de lanthane  avec du chlorure d'hydrogène HCl :
 + 6 HCl ⟶ 2  + 3 .

La méthode la plus couramment employée fait intervenir le chlorure d'ammonium  sur l'oxyde à une température de  :
 + 6  ⟶ 2  + 6  + 2 .

Le chlorure de lanthane peut être employé pour la précipitation des phosphates en solution aqueuse, par exemple pour prévenir le développement des algues dans les piscines et dans d'autres traitements des eaux usées. C'est ainsi un adjuvant de filtration et un floculant efficace. L'heptahydrate est également utilisé en biochimie pour bloquer les canaux de cations divalents, notamment le canal calcique. En synthèse organique, il peut être utilisé comme acide de Lewis doux pour les réactions chimiques qui requièrent des conditions acides, par exemple pour la conversion d'aldéhydes en acétals dans des conditions quasi neutres. Dopé au cérium, le chlorure de lanthane peut être employé comme scintillateur. Il peut également agir comme catalyseur pour la chloration oxydante du méthane  en chlorométhane  par l'acide chlorhydrique HCl et l'oxygène .

Notes et références

Composé du lanthane
lanthane

Chlorure de lanthane(III)


Le PT-305, également connu sous le nom d'USS Sudden Jerk, était un torpilleur de patrouille de classe PT-200 qui a servi avec l'Escadron 22 affecté à la Méditerranée, basé à Bastia, en Corse, et à Saint-Tropez, en France, où il participé aux invasions alliées.

Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le bateau a fonctionné comme bateau d'excursion à New York et comme bateau à huîtres dans la baie de Chesapeake. Il a été récupéré et a été restauré dans son état de 1944 et est exposé et disponible pour des démonstrations au Musée national de la Seconde Guerre mondiale à La Nouvelle-Orléans.

Voir aussi

Notes et références

Torpilleur
Patrouilleur de l'US Navy
Navire musée en Louisiane

PT-305


Jan Beyzym, SJ (Stari Beizymy, 15 de maio de 1850 — Fianarantsoa, 2 de outubro de 1912) foi um padre católico polonês e membro professo dos jesuítas. Ele serviu como educador em internatos jesuítas por um tempo após sua ordenação, embora mais tarde tenha deixado a Polônia para trabalhar com leprosos em Madagascar, onde permaneceu até sua morte.

A sua causa de beatificação iniciou-se em 1985 e em 1992 foi titulado Venerável, pela confirmação da sua vida de virtudes heróicas. O Papa João Paulo II o beatificou enquanto estava na Polônia em 18 de agosto de 2002.

Biografia
Jan Beyzym nasceu em Stari Beizymy, Império Russo (atual Ucrânia) em 15 de maio de 1850 como o mais velho de cinco filhos de Jan Beyzym e Olga. Seu pai serviu como um lutador pela liberdade e em 1863 foi condenado à morte à revelia por suas atividades. Ele se mudou com sua mãe e irmãos para Kiev e estudou lá de 1864 até 1871.

Ele completou sua educação em Kiev antes de decidir seguir a vida religiosa; ele pensou em ser padre diocesano, mas seu falecido pai o levou a aprender sobre os jesuítas e seguir um caminho com eles - ele decidiu se juntar a eles após uma longa luta interna. Beyzym juntou-se aos jesuítas para o período de noviciado em 10 de dezembro de 1872 em Stara Wies e este terminou em 1874. Durante o noviciado houve uma epidemia de cólera e ele recebeu permissão de seu superior para sair às ruas para cuidar do vítimas doentes. Beyzym recebeu sua ordenação sacerdotal em 26 de julho de 1881 em Cracóvia do Bispo Albin Dunajewski.

Ele serviu como professor após sua ordenação até 1898 em internatos jesuítas em Tarnopol e Chyrów, onde ensinou as línguas francesa e russa.  Seus alunos o conheciam por seu senso de humor. Em 1898 ele deixou sua terra natal para se juntar às missões jesuítas para leprosos perto de Tananariwa em Madagascar com a permissão de seus superiores. O padre Beyzym deixou a Polônia em 17 de outubro de 1898 e chegou em 30 de dezembro seguinte à Ilha Vermelha antes de ser enviado para Ambahivoraka perto de Antananarivo. Ele desmaiou várias vezes enquanto cuidava dos leprosos devido aos cheiros horríveis. Em outubro de 1902 ele começou a ver a construção de um hospital de leprosos em Marana e foi concluído e inaugurado em 16 de agosto de 1911. Ele se tornou uma figura notável por seu ativismo e colaboração com os leprosos e tornou-se conhecido por seu intensa devoção à Eucaristia e à Mãe de Deus, sendo conhecido também como um amante de toda a natureza.

Beyzym morreu em 2 de outubro de 1912; sua saúde havia piorado e ele sofria de arteriosclerose e feridas que o confinavam à cama. Seus restos mortais foram exumados e transferidos de volta para sua Polônia natal em 8 de dezembro de 1993 em uma igreja jesuíta.

Beatificação

O processo de beatificação foi aberto em Cracóvia de 1984 a 1986, enquanto um segundo processo diocesano foi aberto e encerrado em Fianarantsoa em 1987; a Congregação para as Causas dos Santos posteriormente validou os processos em 27 de outubro de 1989. O início oficial do processo ocorreu em 27 de setembro de 1985, depois que o CCS emitiu o "nihil obstat" oficial da causa e a titulou como Servo de Deus. O CCS posteriormente recebeu a Positio em 1990. Os teólogos o aprovaram em 28 de abril de 1992, assim como o CCS em 3 de novembro de 1992; O Papa João Paulo II confirmou sua vida de virtude heróica e intitulou o falecido padre como Venerável em 21 de dezembro de 1992.

João Paulo II decretou que uma cura creditada ao falecido padre foi um milagre em 5 de julho de 2002 e beatificou Beyzym dois meses depois, em 18 de agosto de 2002, durante uma visita apostólica à Polônia.

O atual postulador desta causa é o padre jesuíta Anton Witwer.

Nascidos em 1850
Homens
Mortos em 1912
Beatos jesuítas

Jan Beyzym


Decarya, monotipski biljni rod iz porodice didijerovki. Jedina vrsta je Madagaskarski endem D. madagascariensis, nekada uključivana u rod Alluaudia.

Sinonimi
 Decaryia Choux
 Alluaudia geayi Choux

Galerija slika

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Didijerovke
Endemska flora Madagaskara

Decarya


Oberursel (Taunus) () is a town in Germany and part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. It is located to the north west of Frankfurt, in the Hochtaunuskreis county. It is the 13th largest town in Hesse. In 2011, the town hosted the 51st Hessentag state festival.

Geography

Extent of municipal area
The maximum distance from the northern town border to the southern border is  the maximum distance from east to west is .

Altitude
Krebsmühle (Weißkirchen): 138 m above sea level
Town Hall: 198 m above sea level
Hohemark: 300 m above sea level
The nearly Grosse Feldberg is the highest spot in the Taunus: 820 m above sea level

Neighbouring communities
To the north Oberursel borders with Schmitten, to the east with Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, to the south-east with Frankfurt, to the southwest with Steinbach and to the west with Kronberg.

Town districts
Besides the town centre (including Bommersheim), Oberursel is divided into the districts Oberstedten (population 6,118), Stierstadt (5,541) and Weißkirchen (Oberursel) (5,151). Bommersheim was annexed before the municipal reform of 1972 and therefore is not an independent district.

History

The town was first mentioned as "Ursella" in 791 in a deed recording a donation to the monastery Lorsch. In the year 880 the first church in the area, called "monasterium ad ursellam", was mentioned. In 1317 the first trading activities were documented.
In 1444 Oberursel was officially sanctioned as a town. Two years later, the town wall was finished. Since the town was growing so fast in the 15th century the town walls had to be expanded in 1481 towards the east. In the early 16th century a school for Latin language was established next to the church.

1535 Oberursel become property of Earl Ludwig von Stolberg-Königstein and becomes a Protestant town.
1557 Nicolaus Henricus built the first printing plant in Oberursel.
1605 due to the counter-reformation Oberursel becomes Catholic again.
The most important industry in the late Middle Ages and in the early modern times was the clothier business.

During the Thirty Years' War the town was destroyed three times, in 1622 and 1645, and the number of inhabitants decreased from 1,600 to 600. During the 1645 razing, most buildings were destroyed by fire; the three surviving buildings were the old town hall, the bakery, and one apartment house near the marketplace. This is the reason why nearly all houses in the old town of Oberursel are from the 17th century.

As the town was rebuilt and grew, many mills and forges were founded along the "Urselbachtal".
By 1858, industrialisation had begun in Oberursel, with several cotton-spinning mills being built.
In 1860 Oberursel was linked to the railway between Bad Homburg and Frankfurt.
In 1899 a subway was opened privately in the direction of Hohemark (currently Line U3).

During the Second World War, many captured American and British airmen passed through Oberursel as they were interrogated and processed into the German POW camp system at the "Durchgangslager der Luftwaffe" or "Transit Camp of the Luftwaffe" located in the town. The camp name was commonly shortened to "Dulag Luft", or simply "Dulag". Almost all allied airmen who were shot down and captured spent some time at that camp before being moved to their permanent assigned "Stalag".

After the occupation of Oberursel by the U.S. in April 1945, the "Dulag" area was taken over by the US Army.
The existing buildings were transformed into Camp King, which began as an intelligence post, then later a transportation post until its de-activation in 1993. Today the former Camp King is a residential area, still populated by several former US soldiers.

Growth
In 1929 Bommersheim was annexed; in 1972 Oberstedten, Stierstadt and Weißkirchen followed.

Number of Inhabitants

1542: 1,100
1618: 1,600
1648: 600
1799: 7,999
1972 (before annexations): 25,000
1972 (after annexations): 37,000
2001: 42,736
2005: 42,839
2006: 43,165

Politics
Since the 2021 municipal elections, the city council has the following distribution of seats:

Mayors
1946–1960: Heinrich Kappus (CDU)
1960–1972: Heinrich Beil (CDU)
1972–1978: Karlheinz Pfaff (SPD)
1978–1990: Rudolf Harders (CDU)
1990–1996: Thomas Schadow (CDU)
1996–2003: Gerd Krämer (CDU)
2003-2021: Hans-Georg Brum (SPD)
from October 2021: Antje Runge (SPD)

Twin towns – sister cities

Oberursel (Taunus) is twinned with:
 Épinay-sur-Seine, France (1964)
 Koggenland, Netherlands (1971)
 Rushmoor, England, United Kingdom (1989)
 Lomonosov, Russia (2004)

Culture
The "Vortaunusmuseum" is located in the central marketplace. Its exhibits illustrate the town's history and the history of soap box derbies. Soap box derbies were invented in Oberursel, and the world championship is held in Oberursel every year.

Another popular event occurring in Oberursel is the Brunnenfest, an annual village fair held in the early summer, which attracts visitors from surrounding areas and around the world.

Transport
Oberursel is located on the A661 motorway near the "Bad Homburger Kreuz", which is the interchange between
the A661 and the A5 (Hannover -Frankfurt - Basel). The Frankfurt Airport is about
20 minutes away.

There are 6 regional bus lines in the town. During the weekend there is a night bus to Frankfurt. There is a rail service via
a suburban transit railway (S5) and a combined tram-subway (U3). Both lines go to Frankfurt and go underground in the centre part
of Frankfurt.

Economy

There are many well known companies located in Oberursel, predominantly in the IT and tourism industries.
Thomas Cook AG
Utimaco Safeware AG
Dimension Data Germany AG & Co (Until 2014)
Alte Leipziger (insurance)
Rolls-Royce Deutschland GmbH
AVIS
AFN ( Transmitter Weisskirchen)
IBM Data Center, Bommersheim
Dantotsu Intelligent Solutions GbR

Condor Airlines operates an office in Oberursel.

Prior to its dissolution, Aero Lloyd was headquartered in Oberursel. When Aero Flight existed, it had its head office in Oberursel.

Education

Oberursel is the educational centre of "Hochtaunuskreis" county. As well as six primary schools, one in each of the town districts, there is a grammar school, a secondary school, a secondary modern school (junior high) and a comprehensive school.

There are also two private schools, "Helen-Keller-Schule" and "Hans-Thoma-Schule", a commercial high school named "Feldbergschule", and the  Frankfurt International School.

The following vocational institutions, training centres, and speciality schools are also located in Oberursel:
 Freie Waldorfschule Vordertaunus
Albrecht-Strohschein-Schule (Heilpädagogische Waldorfschule)
 Ketteler-la-Roche-Schule (Fachschule für Sozialpädagogik)
 Lutherische Theologische Hochschule (Selbständige Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche)
BASA Jugendwerkstatt Hochtaunus
Reformhaus-Fachakademie
Bildungszentrum (seither: Verwaltungsschule) der Bundesanstalt für Arbeit
 Volkshochschule Oberursel
 Musikschule Oberursel (Taunus)
Bundesjugendbildungszentrum des DGB
Institut für Bienenkunde

References

External links

 Official website of Oberursel
 Tourism Portal of Oberursel
 A description of the Dulag

Hochtaunuskreis

Towns in Hesse

Oberursel (Taunus)


بوبليوس سبتيميوس جيتا أوغسطس غيتا (7 مارس 189 م - 19 ديسمبر 211 م) كان امبراطور روماني الثالث والعشرون شارك بالكم مع أبيه سيبتيموس سيفيروس وأخيه الأكبر كركلا منذ سنة 209 إلى وفاته.

ولد لسيبتيموس سيفيروس من زوجته الثانية جوليا دومنا في روما عندما كان والده حاكما أقليميا في عهد الإمبراطور كومودوس.

بعد وفاة سيبتيموس سيفيروس تنازع الشقيقان على العرش ووصلت الأمور إلى حافة الحرب الأهلية، حيث تحدث المؤرخ هيروديان عن انشقاق متوقع في الإمبراطورية، بحيث يحكم غيتا الجزء الشرقي، لكن يبدو أن جوليا دومنا كانت قد عارضت هذا الفعل، وحالت دون وقوعه، وفي النهاية نجح كركلا باغتيال اخيه بعد أن دعاه إلى المصالحة في حضرة والدتهم جوليا دومنا، حيث قُتل غيتا بين ذراعي والدته التي حاولت حمايته.

معرض صور

مراجع

ملكيون قتلوا في القرن 3
أباطرة رومان في القرن الثالث الميلادي
أباطرة رومان مقتولون
أباطرة رومان مؤلهون
أشخاص في القرن 3
أشخاص من الأمازيغ
أشخاص من حمص
أشخاص من روما
التاريخ التقليدي البريطاني
سلالة سيفيروس الحاكمة
شخصيات في أعمال جيفري مونماوث
قرطاجيون
قناصل إمبراطوريون رومان
مواليد 189
مواليد في روما
وفيات 211
وفيات 212
وفيات في روما
آل شمسيغرام
عائلة سيبتيموس سيفيروس

غيتا (إمبراطور روماني)


The USS St. Andrews (CVE-49) (originally AVG-49, later ACV-49) was assigned to MC hull 260 on 23 August 1942, a ship to be built to modified C3-S-A1 plans.  She was laid down on 12 March 1943 by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation of Tacoma, Washington; redesignated CVE-49 on 15 July; and launched on 31 July; sponsored by Mrs. Robert W. Morse; transferred to the United Kingdom under Lend-Lease on 7 December; and commissioned the same day as HMS Queen (D19) in the Royal Navy.

HMS Queen served British and Allied escort forces in protecting the vital convoy supply effort across the North Atlantic in 1944, and in the Pacific campaigns in 1945.  On 4 May 1945 aircraft of Queens 853 Squadron, Fleet Air Arm, took part in Operation Judgement, the last air-raid of the European war, at Kilbotn, Norway.  After hostilities ceased, she was converted to a troop carrier and used to bring British forces back from the Far East, before being returned to the United States at Norfolk, Virginia, 31 October 1946.

On arrival, Queen was decommissioned by the Royal Navy and was taken over by the U.S. Navy.  In excess of Navy needs, CVE-49 was slated, in December, for disposal; struck from the Navy Register in July 1947, sold to the N.V. Stoomv, Maats, Nederland Co., Amsterdam, Netherlands and pressed into merchant service as Roebiah on 29 July 1947 (renamed President Marcos in 1967 and Lucky One in 1972).  She was scrapped in Taiwan in 1972.

Design and description
These ships were all larger and had a greater aircraft capacity than all the preceding American built escort carriers. They were also all laid down as escort carriers and not converted merchant ships. All the ships had a complement of 646 men and an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . Propulsion was provided a steam turbine, two boilers connected to one shaft giving 9,350 brake horsepower (SHP), which could propel the ship at .

Aircraft facilities were a small combined bridge–flight control on the starboard side, two aircraft lifts  by , one aircraft catapult and nine arrestor wires. Aircraft could be housed in the  by  hangar below the flight deck. Armament comprised: two 4"/50, 5"/38 or 5"/51 Dual Purpose guns in single mounts, sixteen 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns in twin mounts and twenty 20 mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft cannons in single mounts. They had a maximum aircraft capacity of twenty-four aircraft which could be a mixture of Grumman Martlet, Vought F4U Corsair or Hawker Sea Hurricane fighter aircraft and Fairey Swordfish or Grumman Avenger anti-submarine aircraft.

Notes

References

The Attack on 'Black Watch''' (Harald Isachsen, Harstad, 2009,   -  in Norwegian)

External links
Retired CIP brings aircraft carrier back to life An article about David Weaver's detailed book History of HMS Queen''

Ships built in Tacoma, Washington
1943 ships
Ruler-class escort carriers

HMS Queen (D19)


Paulo Jamelli (født 22. juli 1974) er en tidligere brasiliansk fodboldspiller.

Brasiliens fodboldlandshold

|-
|1996||5||2
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!Total||5||2
|}

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Brasilien

Paulo Jamelli


Olivier ter Horst (Nimega, Países Bajos, 6 de abril de 1989) es un futbolista neerlandés. Juega de defensor y su equipo actual es el Heracles Almelo de la Eredivisie de los Países Bajos.

Trayectoria
Ter Horst se formó en las filas del PSV Eindhoven, pero no llegó a debutar en el primer equipo, y en 2009 fue transferido al Heracles Almelo, donde actualmente milita.

Selección nacional
Ha sido internacional con la Selección de fútbol de los Países Bajos sub-21 desde 2009 en seis ocasiones.

Clubes

Enlaces externos
 Perfil de Ter Horst en VoetbalInternational.nl (en neerlandés)
 Perfil de Ter Horst en Transfermarkt.de (en alemán)

Futbolistas de los Países Bajos
Futbolistas del Heracles Almelo
Nacidos en Nimega

Olivier ter Horst


USS Mindoro may refer to the following ships of the United States Navy:

, was a gunboat in use in the Philippines from 1899 to 1911
, was a freighter purchased in 1942 and in service until 1945
, was an escort carrier in service from 1945 to 1955

United States Navy ship names

USS Mindoro


Jorge Alves Bezerra SSS (* 23. April 1955 in São João de Meriti) ist ein brasilianischer Ordensgeistlicher und römisch-katholischer Bischof von Paracatu.

Leben
Jorge Alves Bezerra trat der Ordensgemeinschaft der Eucharistiner bei, legte am 5. Januar 1982 die Profess ab und empfing am 10. August 1985 die Priesterweihe.

Papst Benedikt XVI. ernannte ihn am 21. Mai 2008 zum Bischof von Jardim. Die Bischofsweihe spendete ihm der Kardinalpräfekt der Kongregation für den Klerus, Cláudio Hummes OFM, am 10. August desselben Jahres; Mitkonsekratoren waren Aldo de Cillo Pagotto SSS, Erzbischof von Paraíba, und Joviano de Lima Júnior SSS, Erzbischof von Ribeirão Preto.

Am 7. November 2012 ernannte ihn Papst Benedikt XVI. zum Bischof von Paracatu.

Weblinks

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Geistlicher (20. Jahrhundert)
Eucharistiner
Person des Christentums (Brasilien)
Religion (Mato Grosso do Sul)
Person (Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul)
Brasilianer
Geboren 1955
Mann

Jorge Alves Bezerra


Perm Airlines (En ruso: Пермские авиалинии) fue una aerolínea basada en Perm, Rusia. Ofrecía servicios regulares domésticos e internacionales de transporte de pasajeros y carga, así como también vuelos chárter dentro de Rusia y la CEI. Su aeropuerto principal era el Aeropuerto Internacional de Perm-Bolshoye Savino

Historia

La aerolínea se fundó en 1968 como la división de Aeroflot para el Krai de Perm, ese mismo año inició operaciones. A lo largo de su historia, las rutas más exitosas de la aerolínea fueron las que tienen como destino los aeropuertos de: Moscú-Domodedovo y Moscú-Sheremetyevo. También ofrecía vuelos regulares hacia Ekaterimburgo, Surgut, Bakú, Novosibirsk y San Petersburgo. También ofrecía vuelos chárter, los destinos más populares para estos vuelos eran Sochi, Dubái y Simferopol. Como resultado de un acuerdo entre Perm Airlines y Sibir Airlines (Hoy S7 Airlines), Perm Airlines cedió todas sus rutas comerciales a S7. Perm Airlines dejó de existir oficialmente el 16 de mayo de 2009.

Flota

 1 Antonov An-24

 2 Antonov An-26

 3 Mil Mi-8

 4 Tupolev Tu-134A

 2 Tupolev Tu-154B2

 1 Tupolev Tu-154M

 1 Yakovlev Yak-40

Todos los Tu-154 fueron arrendados por S7 Airlines en 2006, estos siguieron operando con dicha aerolínea hasta la desaparición de Perm Airlines, pero siguieron portando el esquema de colores de PAL hasta que fueron retirados varios meses después.

Flota histórica

 Polikarpov Po-2

 Ilyushin Il-18

 Tupolev Tu-204

 Tupolev Tu-154A

Accidentes e incidentes

 En octubre de 2007, un muchacho de 15 años se escondió en el tren de aterrizaje de un Tu-154 durante un vuelo entre Perm y Moscú. El chico llegó vivo a Moscú, pero debido a las bajas temperaturas le tuvieron que ser amputados varios dedos. Un técnico de la aerolínea fue a juicio ya que no revisó correctamente el avión antes del despegue.

Referencias

"Técnico de Perm Airlines ira a juicio por negligencia" (En ruso)

"Inevitable absorción de Perm Airlines por parte de S7" (En ruso)

"Perm Airlines cesa sus operaciones por absorción" (En ruso)

Aerolíneas desaparecidas de Rusia
Aerolíneas fundadas en 1968

Perm Airlines


Muggle, Harry Potter serisinde büyücülük yetenekleri olmayan kişilere verilen addır.

Büyücülük yeteneği olmayan ana ve babadan da büyücüler doğabilir (muggle'dan doğmalar). Bunlara en iyi örnekler Lily Potter ve Hermione Granger'dir. Bunun yanı sıra ya anne-babasından biri muggle olan ((half-blood) melez) büyücüler de vardır. Bunlara en iyi örnek Severus Snape ve Lord Voldemort'tur.

Büyü dünyasının insanları muggle'larla iç içe yaşamalarına rağmen çeşitli yollarla kendilerini soyutlamışlardır. Muggle uzaklaştırıcı büyüler ve zihin temizleyici büyüler en başta gelen yöntemleridir.

Muggle doğumlu büyücülere bazı safkan büyücüler "mudblood (bulanık)" diyerek onları aşağılamaktadırlar.

Harry Potter

Muggle


An Dendrobium munificum in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Achille Eugène Finet, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Schltr.. An Dendrobium munificum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dendrobium, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Dendrobium

Dendrobium munificum


Srebrna lisica (latinski: Vulpes vulpes argenteus) varijetet je lisice tamnosiva do crna krzna koje je vrlo cijenjeno u industriji krzna, pa se ona uzgaja na farmama krznaša.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 The Domestic fox
 Fox Domestication: website from Cornell University with detailed information (videos and articles)
 Article in The New York Times
 Nice Rats, Nasty Rats: Maybe It's All in the Genes, New York Times
 CBBC News Article
 My Little Zebra – New Scientist article
 The Fox Farm Experiment , American Scientist
 "New Nice" WNYC RadioLab Story; contains audio, video, interviews, and other links. (Public Radio)
 Soviet Scientist Turns Foxes Into Puppies
 Horizon S48E08 (2010): The Secret Life of the Dog – BBC
 Explorer: How Man Tamed the Wild – National Geographic
"Silver Fox Farm" (Denver, Colorado), British Pathé film (Part of a "Walter Futter's Curiosities" film), 1930.

Prave lisice

Srebrna lisica


SPSS bilgisayar programı (İngilizce açılımıyla: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), ilk sürümü 1968 yılında piyasaya verilmiş istatistiksel analize yönelik bir bilgisayar programıdır. Uzun bir dönem (1968 ile Mart 2009 arasında) bu program SPSS Inc. adını taşıyan bir ABD asıllı şirket tarafından hazırlanıp sürüme sokulup satılmıştır. 2009'da bu şirket ve bu programın sahipliliği IBM şirketine satılmıştır. Bu tarihten sonra bir geçiş döneminde  (Eylül 2009 ile Eylül 2010 döneminde) PASW Statistics adıyla (versiyon 17.0.3, 18.0, 19=8.0.1, 18.0.2 ve 18.0.3 için) anılıp Ağustos 2010 (versiyon 19.0)'dan itibaren resmen IBM SPSS Statistics olarak isimlendirilmeye başlanmıştır. Şu anda (Eylül 2016) en son versiyon IBM SPSS Statistics 24.0 olup bu versiyon Mart 2016'dan itibaren pazarlanmaya başlanmıştır.

Genel Bakış
SPSS, Sosyal bilimler'de istatistiksel analiz için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir programdır. Ayrıca pazar araştırmacıları, sağlık araştırmacıları, anket şirketleri, hükûmet, eğitim araştırmacıları, pazarlama kuruluşları, veri madenciler ve diğerleri tarafından da kullanılır. Orijinal SPSS kılavuzu (Nie, Bent & Hull, 1970), sıradan araştırmacıların kendi istatistiksel analizlerini yapmalarına izin verdiği için "sosyolojinin en etkili kitaplarından" biri olarak tanımlanmıştır. İstatistiksel analize ek olarak, veri yönetimi (vaka seçimi), dosya yeniden şekillendirme, türetilmiş veri oluşturma) ve veri dokümantasyonu (veridosyasında bir metadata sözlüğü saklanır) temel yazılımın özellikleridir.

SPSS baz kısmında veri operasyonları ve istatistiksel analizler için su isimleri taşıyan kısımlar bulunmaktadır:
 Tanımlayıcı istatistik: "Cross Tabulation (karşılıklı tabülasyon )"; '"Frequencies frekanslar"; "Descriptives (tanımlayıcılar)"; "Explore (araştırma)"; "Descriptive Ratio Istatistics (tanımlayıcıya oran istatistikleri)
 İki değişkenli istatistik: "Means (ortalamalar)", "t-testi", varyant Analizi, korelasyon (iki değişkenli, kısmî, uzaklıklar); parametrik olmayan sınamalar
 Sayısal sonuçların tahmin edilmesi: Doğrusal regresyon
 Grupları tespit etmek için tahminler: Faktör analizi, kümeleşme analizi (iki-basamaklı, K-ortalamalar, hiyerarşik), Diskriminant analizi

SPSS Statistics'in birçok özelliğine açılır menüler üzerinden erişilebilir veya tescilli bir 4GL (İngilizce: :en:Fourth-generation programming language komut sözdizimi dili ile programlanabilir. Komut sözdizimi programlama, tekrarlanabilir çıktı, tekrarlanan görevleri basitleştirme ve karmaşık veri manipülasyonları ve analizlerini yönetme avantajlarına sahiptir. Ek olarak, bazı karmaşık uygulamalar yalnızca söz diziminde programlanabilir ve menü yapısından erişilemez. Açılır menü arabirimi ayrıca komut sözdizimini oluşturur: bu, çıktıda görüntülenebilir, ancak sözdiziminin kullanıcı tarafından görülebilmesi için varsayılan ayarlarının değiştirilmesi gerekir. Ayrıca her menüde bulunan "yapıştır" düğmesi kullanılarak bir sözdizimi dosyasına yapıştırılabilirler. Programlar, sağlanan Production Job Facility kullanılarak etkileşimli veya katılımsız olarak çalıştırılabilir.

Ek olarak, komut dili alt programlar yazmak için bir "makro" dili kullanılabilir. Bir Python programlanabilirlik uzantısı, veri sözlüğündeki bilgilere ve verilere erişebilir ve komut sözdizimi programlarını dinamik olarak oluşturabilir. SPSS 14'te tanıtılan Python programlanabilirlik uzantısı, çoğu amaç için daha az işlevsel SAX Temel "komut dosyalarının" yerini aldı, ancak SaxBasic kullanılabilir durumdadır. Ek olarak, Python uzantısı SPSS'nin ücretsiz yazılım paketindeki R istatistiklerden herhangi birini çalıştırmasına izin verir. Sürüm 14'ten itibaren SPSS, sağlanan "eklentiler" kullanılarak bir Python veya VB.NET programı tarafından harici olarak çalıştırılabilir. (Sürüm 20'den itibaren, bu iki komut dosyası özelliği ve birçok komut dosyası kurulum ortamına dahildir ve normalde varsayılan olarak yüklenir.)

SPSS Statistics, dahili dosya yapısına, veri tip'lerine, veri işlemeye ve eşleşen dosyalara, birlikte programlamayı önemli ölçüde basitleştiren kısıtlamalar getirir. SPSS veri kümeleri, satırların tipik olarak vakaları (bireyler veya haneler gibi) ve sütunların ölçümleri (yaş, cinsiyet veya hane geliri gibi) temsil ettiği iki boyutlu bir tablo yapısına sahiptir. Yalnızca iki veri türü tanımlanmıştır: sayısal ve metin (veya "dize"). Tüm veri işleme, dosya (veri kümesi) aracılığıyla sırayla duruma göre gerçekleşir. Dosyalar bire bir ve birden çoğa eşleştirilebilir, ancak çoktan çoğa eşlenemez. Bu duruma göre değişen yapı ve işlemeye ek olarak, matris ve lineer cebir işlemleri kullanılarak verilerin matrisler olarak işlenebileceği ayrı bir Matrix oturumu vardır.

Grafiksel kullanıcı arayüzü, SPSS Statistics penceresinin sol alt kısmındaki iki sekmeden birine tıklanarak değiştirilebilen iki görünüme sahiptir. 'Veri Görünümü' vakaların (satırlar) ve değişkenlerin (sütunlar) bir elektronik tablo görünümünü gösterir. Elektronik tabloların aksine, veri hücreleri yalnızca sayı veya metin içerebilir ve formüller bu hücrelerde depolanamaz. 'Değişken Görünümü', her satırın bir değişkeni temsil ettiği ve değişken adını, değişken etiketini, değer etiketlerini, baskı genişliğini, ölçüm tipini ve çeşitli diğer özellikleri gösterdiği meta veri sözlüğünü görüntüler. Her iki görünümdeki hücreler, dosya yapısını tanımlayarak ve komut sözdizimi kullanmadan veri girişine izin vererek manuel olarak düzenlenebilir. Bu, küçük veri kümeleri için yeterli olabilir. İstatistiksel anketler gibi daha büyük veri kümeleri, genellikle veri giriş yazılımında oluşturulur veya bilgisayar destekli kişisel görüşme sırasında, tarama ve optik karakter tanıma ve optik işaret tanıma yazılımı kullanılarak veya çevrimiçi anketlerden doğrudan yakalama yoluyla girilir. Bu veri kümeleri daha sonra SPSS'ye okunur.

SPSS Statistics, ASCII metin dosyalarından (hiyerarşik dosyalar dahil), diğer istatistik paketlerinden, elektronik tablo'lardan ve veritabanlarından veri okuyabilir ve yazabilir. SPSS Statistics, ODBC ve SQL aracılığıyla harici ilişkisel veritabanı tablolarını okuyabilir ve bunlara yazabilir.

İstatistiksel çıktı, paket içi görüntüleyiciye ek olarak bağımsız bir okuyucunun indirilebileceği tescilli bir dosya biçimine (*.spv dosyası, pivot tabloları destekler) yöneliktir. Tescilli çıktı, metin veya Microsoft Word, PDF, Microsoft Excel ve diğer biçimlerde dışa aktarılabilir. Alternatif olarak çıktı, veri (OMS komutu kullanılarak), metin, sekmeyle ayrılmış metin, PDF, XLS, HTML, XML, SPSS veri kümesi veya çeşitli grafik görüntü formatları (JPEG, PNG, BMP ve EMF) olarak yakalanabilir.

SPSS İstatistiklerinin birkaç çeşidi mevcuttur. SPSS Statistics Gradpack'leri(SPSS Statistics Gradpacks), yalnızca öğrencilere satılan oldukça indirimli sürümlerdir. SPSS Statistics Server, SPSS Statistics'in istemci/sunucu mimarisine sahip bir sürümüdür. Eklenti paketleri, temel yazılımı ek özelliklerle geliştirebilir (örnekler, kümelenmiş ve katmanlı örnekler için ayarlanabilen karmaşık örnekleri ve yayına hazır tablolar oluşturabilen özel tabloları içerir). SPSS Statistics, yıllık veya aylık abonelik lisansı altında mevcuttur.

SPSS Statistics sürüm 25'i 08 Ağustos 2017'de kullanıma sundu. SPSS v25, rasgele efekt çözüm sonuçları (GENLINMIXED), sağlam standart hatalar (GLM/UNIANOVA) ve Gelişmiş İstatistikler ve Özel Tablolar eklentisindeki hata çubuklu profil çizimleri gibi yeni ve gelişmiş istatistikler ekler. V25 ayrıca, yeni varsayılan şablonlar ve Microsoft Office uygulamalarıyla paylaşma yeteneği de dahil olmak üzere güçlü yeni grafik yetenekleri gibi istatistiksel çıkarım ve yayına hazır çizelgeler için yeni Bayes İstatistik yetenekleri içerir.

SPSS programının Windows, Mac OS X ve Linux işletim sistemleri için farklı sürümleri mevcuttur. Windows sürümü daha sık güncellenmekte ve diğer versiyonlara göre daha fazla özellik içermektedir.

Benzer kategoride bkz.: Eviews, R

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
   www.spss.com.tr
 http://www.spss.com
 IBM Statistics
 Bilgi ve belge yönetimi

İstatistik yazılımları
Kalite
Yazılım

SPSS


Her og Nu er en EP fra 1982, der blev udgivet af pladeselskabet Rosen. EP'en præsenterer fire af tidens børnerockbands: Aphrodite, Parkering Forbudt, Teenagers og Dieters Lieder.

Den tidligere Parkering Forbudt-trommeslager Grev Lyhne, der var ansat på Rosen, var idémand til udgivelsen. Han havde også stået bag livealbummet Børnerock For Et Børnehus (1981, Rosen), der var optaget på børnerockfestivaler i Odense, Århus og København. De fire sange på Her og Nu blev produceret af Billy Cross og indspillet i Hookfarm studiet mellem 27. september - 3. oktober 1982. EP'en udkom i 7" format.

Trackliste

Side 1
 Aphrodite - "Fortæl Mig" (Tekst: Vibeke Borberg/Musik: Katja) - 3:15
 Teenagers - "Joseph" (Tekst: Linda Rokmann & Mark Jackman/Musik: Teenagers) - 2:48

Side 2
 Dieters Lieder - "Schweizer Frank" (Tekst: Martin Gerup/Musik: Johan Gerup) oprindeligt krediteret "tekst/musik: Dieters Lieder" - 2:33
 Parkering Forbudt - "Regn" (Tekst: Grev Lyhne/Musik: Drezz & Parkering Forbudt) - 4:12

Medvirkende

Aphrodite
 Eva - bas og kor
 Kathrine - flygel
 Katja - rytmeguitar & sang
 Nanna - leadguitar & sang
 Ursula - trommer

Teenagers
 Mark Jackman - sang
 Linda Rokmann - sang
 Søren Nørup Christiansen - guitar
 Michael Grønbjerg - bas
 Bjarne Kjær - trommer

Dieters Lieder
 Johan Gerup - guitar
 Martin Gerup - trommer
 Ped Ott Tønsberg - bas
 Peter Rahbek - sang

Parkering Forbudt
 Don Martin - leadguitar
 Drezz - bas
 Nico - rytmeguitar
 Christian - trommer

Produktion
 Billy Cross - producer
 Grev Lyhne - idé og planlægning

Eksterne henvisninger
 Her og Nu på Discogs  (29-08-2015)

Noter

Album fra 1982
Musik fra Danmark
EP-plader

Her og nu (EP)


Muzej Staro selo je višeslojni objekt u općini Kumrovec.

Opis
Kumrovec se smjestio u sutlanskoj dolini, uz stari seoski put, kao jedno od selišta nekad jakog vlastelinstva grofova Celjskih i Erdödy. Polako je naseljavan u smjeru malog središta poznatog po tradicijskoj arhitekturi, čija se ruralna jezgra očuvala unutar muzeja na otvorenom, poznatog pod nazivom "Staro selo". Muzej "Staro selo" etnografski je muzej in situ, znamenit po objektima tradicijske arhitekture, u kojima su postavljene etnografske izložbe. Na površini od 12.640 m2 restaurirano je ili rekonstruirano 25 stambenih, 9 gospodarskih i 8 pratećih objekata (2 spremišta za kukuruz, 2 svinjca i 4 bunara). Prilikom osnivanja, jezgra muzeja bila je rodna kuća Josipa Broza Tita. U sklopu Muzeja, iako dislocirani od same jezgre Staroga sela Kumrovec, nalaze se stari mlin smješten na potoku Škrniku te zgrada stare škole. Iznad sela Kumrovec, odvojena posebnim prilazom visokom živicom, smještena je Titova rezidencija s velikim perivojem i ostatci crkve sv. Roka.

Zaštita
Pod oznakom Z-5301 zavedena je kao nepokretno kulturno dobro - pojedinačno, pravna statusa zaštićena kulturnog dobra, klasificirano kao "profana graditeljska baština".

Izvori

Zaštićene ruralne cjeline u Krapinsko-zagorskoj županiji

Muzej Staro selo (Kumrovec)


علي بن مندويه هو طبيب وصيدلي وشاعر فارسي، وقد اشتهر بالكرم وحبه للمعرفة، كان يطبب في ، وبلغت شهرته بغداد، فطلبه عضد الدولة بن بويه إلى بيمارستانه المعروف ب البيمارستان العضدي في بغداد وأوقف ضياعا للبيمارستان العضدي وكان وقفه أهم مواردها.. وقد توفي في حدود سنة 370 هـ. لم تحدد الموسوعات أو كتب تاريخ العلوم ميلاده وهناك روايتان ذكرتهما الموسوعات لتحديده, إحداهما تقول أنه توفي في أواخر القرن التاسع الميلادي والأخرى تقول في أوائل القرن العاشر الميلادي.

بنفس لقب ابن مندويه عرف العالم المسلم أبو علي أحمد بن عبد الرحمن بن مندويه المتوفي سنة 410 هـ فترك آثاراً في الطب أورد بعضها ابن أبي أصيبعة، منها: (المدخل في الطب)، (الجامع المختصر في علم الطب)، (المغيث في الطب) الذي يعرف أيضاً باسم (القانون الصغير)، (الأطعمة والأشربة).

اهتماماته
اهتم ابن مندويه بالمعارف الصحية العامة ووضح الظروف الصحية الملائمة للجسم السليم من مناخ، وأطعمة، وأشربة وغيرها من مستلزمات الصحة العامة في كتاب له بعنوان (تدبير الجسد).

اهتم ابن مندويه بالصيدلة، وبخاصة تركيب الأدوية والعطور وذلك في كتاب له بعنوان: (أصول الطب والمركبات العطرية) واهتم بتأثير بعض المشروبات والأعشاب على الحالة الصحية وباستخداماتها الطبية، وكان ذلك في رسائل منها: التمرهندي، والكافور، وفي وصف مسكر الشراب ومنافعه ومضاره، وغيرها من الرسائل.

أسلوبه في التأليف
يحذو «ابن مندويه» في رسالته حذو كل الأطباء العرب عند كتابتهم في الطب، فهم دائمًا يبدءون بتعريف المرض، ثم ذكر أعراضه وبعدها طرق علاجه, وهذا أسلوب ما زال متبعًا إلى اليوم في تأليف الكتب الطبية.

مؤلفاته ورسائله
من أهم كتبه الطبية الأخرى كتاب يعد قانونا في الطب، اعتمد عليه الأطباء المسلمون كثيرا، وهو كتاب: (الكافي في الطب) ويعرف باسم القانون الصغير، وكذلك كتاب المغيث في الطب، والمختصر في علم الطب. أما رسائله الطبية الأخرى فهي تعكس مجالات اهتمام عديدة ومنها طب العيون، ووصف تركيب العين وتشريحها، ومن أهم تلك الرسائل: علاج ضعف البصر، وتركيب طبقات العين. التمرهندي، والكافور، وفي وصف مسكر الشراب ومنافعه ومضاره. من أهم رسائله الطبية الأخرى: في أوجاع الأطفال، وهي رسالة تعكس اهتماما خاصا من ابن مندويه بطب الأطفال، وبها جميع الأمراض التي يصاب بها الأطفال منذ ولادتهم.

علماء فرس

ابن مندويه


درويد موتورولا  هو جهاز جوال الإنترنت مع الوسائط المتعددة صممه موتورولا ويتم توزيعها من قبل فيريزون وايرلس  في الولايات المتحدة. ويعد أول جهاز لشركة موتورولا يعمل بنظام التشغيل أندرويد.

انظر أيضا
 الاتحاد المفتوح للهواتف

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي

أجهزة أندرويد
أجهزة تحديد المواقع والملاحة
فيرايزون وايرلس
هواتف ذكية توقف إصدارها
هواتف محمولة عرضت في 2009
هواتف موتورولا

درويد موتورولا


Die Communauté de communes du Pays du Camembert ist ein ehemaliger französischer Gemeindeverband mit der Rechtsform einer Communauté de communes im Département Orne in der Region Normandie. Sie wurde am 10. November 2003 gegründet und umfasste 18 Gemeinden. Der Verwaltungssitz befand sich im Ort Vimoutiers.

Historische Entwicklung
Mit Wirkung vom 1. Januar 2017 wurde der Gemeindeverband mit der Communauté de communes de la Région de Gacé und der Communauté de communes des Vallées du Merlerault zur Nachfolgeorganisation Communauté de communes des Vallées d'Auge et du Merlerault fusioniert.

Ehemalige Mitgliedsgemeinden
 Aubry-le-Panthou
 Avernes-Saint-Gourgon
 Le Bosc-Renoult
 Camembert
 Canapville
 Les Champeaux
 Champosoult
 Crouttes
 Fresnay-le-Samson
 Guerquesalles
 Pontchardon
 Le Renouard
 Roiville
 Saint-Aubin-de-Bonneval
 Saint-Germain-d'Aunay
 Sap-en-Auge (Commune nouvelle)
 Ticheville
 Vimoutiers

Quellen
Dekret über die Neuorganisation der Gemeindeverbände im Département Orne per 1.1.2017 (PDF-Datei)

Pays du Camembert
Gegründet 2003
Aufgelöst 2016


විසීඑස්ඩබ්ලිව් ටීවී (VCSWTV)
2007 වසර වන විට ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුල ආරම්බ වු තාක්ෂණික දියුණුව නිසා ආරමභ කෙරුන ආයතනයකි.රූපවාහහිනි විකාෂයන් සම්බන්දයෙන් විවිද අත්හදා බැලීම් නිරන්තරයෙන් සිදුකරනු ලබයි

මේ ගෙවෙන්නේ ඒ අයතනයේ 10 අවුරුද්දයි.

විසීඑස්ඩබ්ලිව් ටීවී සැටලයිට් රූපවාහිනී ක්ෂේත්රය තුළ නව මරලා විවෘත අමතක නොවන අත්දැකීමක් වසර කිහිපය ඇති කර තිබේ. ගමන පහසු වී නැත, එහෙත් එය සැබවින්ම තෘප්තිමත් එක් වී ඇත. විසීඑස්ඩබ්ලිව් ටීවී ශ්රී ලංකාවේ චන්ද්රිකා රූපවාහිනී ක්ෂේත්රයේ පුරෝගාමීන් වීමේ කීර්තිය ද. මෙම ජයග්රහණය වෙළෙඳපොළ තුළ අපට අවකාශ නිර්මාණය පමණක් නොව ඇති නමුත් අප ඒ එක තැනක ශ්රී ලාංකිකයන්ට ජීවත් විදේශයන් සදහා බෙදා හැරීම් කරු බවට පත් විය. ලොව පුරා ඇගේ දරුවන් අපේ මාතෘ භූමිය අරුමපුදුම දේ ගැනීම මත අවධානය යොමු කරන බව පමණක් දේශීය චන්ද්රිකා රූපවාහිනී නාලිකාව ලෙස, විසීඑස්ඩබ්ලිව් රූපවාහිනී හැරීම හොඳ නමක් ඇති, වඩාත් නව්ය තොරතුරු හා විනෝදාස්වාදය සපයන වැඩසටහන් තිබීමට, විශේෂයෙන්ම සැකසූ එහි උපයා ඇති මෙම, අපේ 10 වන සංවත්සරය.අපි අද අපි සෑම තැනකම ශ්රී ලාංකික බව අප මහත් ආඩම්බරයෙන්කීමට කැමති, අපි එළැඹෙන කාලය තුළ රූපවාහිනී ක්ෂේත්රයේ නව මාර්ගයක් සොයාගන්න කිරීමට අපි බලාපොරොත්තු වෙනවා.

ආරම්බය 2007
විසීඑස්ඩබ්ලිව් එීවී 2007-සිට මේ දක්වා
ඹවුන් ගේ නිල වෙබ් අඩවිය

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