The naval Battle of Drepana (or Drepanum) took place in 249 BC during the First Punic War near Drepana (modern Trapani) in western Sicily, between a Carthaginian fleet under Adherbal and a Roman fleet commanded by Publius Claudius Pulcher.

Pulcher was blockading the Carthaginian stronghold of Lilybaeum (modern Marsala) when he decided to attack their fleet, which was in the harbour of the nearby city of Drepana. The Roman fleet sailed by night to carry out a surprise attack but became scattered in the dark. Adherbal was able to lead his fleet out to sea before it was trapped in harbour; having gained sea room in which to manoeuvre he then counter-attacked. The Romans were pinned against the shore, and after a day of fighting were heavily defeated by the more manoeuvrable Carthaginian ships with their better-trained crews. It was Carthage's greatest naval victory of the war; they turned to the maritime offensive after Drepana and all but swept the Romans from the sea. It was seven years before Rome again attempted to field a substantial fleet, while Carthage put most of its ships into reserve to save money and free up manpower.

Sources
The main source for almost every aspect of the First Punic War is the historian Polybius ( – 118 BC), a Greek sent to Rome in 167 BC as a hostage. His works include a now-lost manual on military tactics, but he is known today for The Histories, written sometime after 146 BC, or about a century after the Battle of Drepana. Polybius's work is considered broadly objective and largely neutral as between Carthaginian and Roman points of view.

Carthaginian written records were destroyed along with their capital, Carthage, in 146 BC and so Polybius's account of the First Punic War is based on several, now-lost, Greek and Latin sources. Polybius was an analytical historian and wherever possible personally interviewed participants in the events he wrote about. Only the first book of the 40 comprising The Histories deals with the First Punic War. The accuracy of Polybius's account has been much debated over the past 150 years, but the modern consensus is to accept it largely at face value, and the details of the battle in modern sources are almost entirely based on interpretations of Polybius's account. The modern historian Andrew Curry considers that "Polybius turns out to [be] fairly reliable"; while Dexter Hoyos describes him as "a remarkably well-informed, industrious, and insightful historian". Other, later, histories of the war exist, but in fragmentary or summary form, and they usually cover military operations on land in more detail than those at sea. Modern historians usually also take into account the later histories of Diodorus Siculus and Dio Cassius, although the classicist Adrian Goldsworthy states that "Polybius' account is usually to be preferred when it differs with any of our other accounts".

Other sources include inscriptions, archaeological evidence, and empirical evidence from reconstructions such as the trireme Olympias. Since 2010 a number of artefacts have been recovered from the nearby site of the Battle of the Aegates, the final battle of the war, fought eight years later. Their analysis and the recovery of further items are ongoing.

Background

Operations in Sicily

In 264 BC the states of Carthage and Rome went to war, starting the First Punic War. Carthage was a well-established maritime power in the western Mediterranean; Rome had recently unified mainland Italy south of the River Arno under its control. Rome's expansion into southern Italy probably made it inevitable that it would eventually clash with Carthage over Sicily on some pretext. The immediate cause of the war was the issue of control of the Sicilian town of Messana (modern Messina).

By 241 BC the war had lasted 15 years, with many changes of fortune. It had developed into a struggle in which the Romans were attempting to defeat the Carthaginians decisively and, at a minimum, control the whole of Sicily. The Carthaginians were engaging in their traditional policy of waiting for their opponents to wear themselves out, in the expectation of then regaining some or all of their possessions and negotiating a mutually satisfactory peace treaty. In 260 BC the Romans built a large fleet and over the following ten years defeated the Carthaginians in a succession of naval battles. The Romans also slowly gained control of most of Sicily, including the major cities of Akragas (modern Agrigento; Agrigentum in Latin; captured in 262 BC) and Panormus (modern Palermo; captured in 254 BC).

Ships

During this war the standard warship was the quinquereme, meaning "five-oared". The quinquereme was a galley,   long,   wide at water level, with its deck standing   above the sea, and displacing around 100 long tons (110 short tons; 100 tonnes). The galley expert John Coates suggests they could maintain  for extended periods. The modern replica galley Olympias has achieved speeds of  and cruised at  for hours on end.

Vessels were built as cataphract, or "protected", shipsthat is, fully decked overso as to be better able to carry marines and catapults. They had a separate "oar box" attached to the main hull which contained the rowers. These features allowed the hull to be strengthened, increased carrying capacity and improved conditions for the rowers. The generally accepted theory regarding the arrangement of oarsmen in quinqueremes is that there would be sets – or files – of three oars, one above the other, with two oarsmen on each of the two uppermost oars and one on the lower, for a total of five oarsmen per file. This would be repeated down the side of a galley for a total of 28 files on each side; 168 oars in total.

In 260 BC the Romans set out to construct a fleet and used a shipwrecked Carthaginian quinquereme as a blueprint for their own. As novice shipwrights, the Romans built copies that were heavier than the Carthaginian vessels, which made them slower and less manoeuvrable. The quinquereme was the workhorse of the Roman and Carthaginian fleets throughout the Punic Wars, although hexaremes (six oarsmen per bank), quadriremes (four oarsmen per bank) and triremes (three oarsmen per bank) are also occasionally mentioned. So ubiquitous was the type that Polybius uses it as a shorthand for "warship" in general. A quinquereme carried a crew of 300, of which 280 were oarsmen and 20 deck crew and officers; it would normally also carry a complement of 40 marines, and if battle was thought to be imminent, this would be increased to as many as 120.

Getting the oarsmen to row as a unit, as well as execute more complex battle manoeuvres, required long and arduous training. At least half of the oarsmen would need to have had some experience if the ship was to be handled effectively. As a result, the Romans were initially at a disadvantage against the more experienced Carthaginians. To counter Carthaginian superiority, the Romans introduced the corvus, a bridge  wide and  long, with a heavy spike on the underside, which was designed to pierce and anchor into an enemy ship's deck. This allowed Roman legionaries acting as marines to board enemy ships and capture them, rather than employing the previously traditional tactic of ramming. All warships were equipped with a ram, a triple set of  bronze blades weighing up to  positioned at the waterline. They were made individually by the lost-wax method to fit immovably to a galley's prow and secured with bronze spikes.

In the century prior to the Punic Wars, boarding had become increasingly common and ramming had declined, as the larger and heavier vessels adopted in this period lacked the speed and manoeuvrability necessary to ram, while their sturdier construction reduced the ram's effect even in the case of a successful attack. The Roman adaptation of the  was a continuation of this trend and compensated for their initial disadvantage in ship manoeuvring skills. The added weight in the prow compromised the ship's manoeuvrability, and in rough sea conditions the  became useless. In 255 BC the Roman fleet was devastated by a storm while returning from Africa, with 384 ships sunk from a total of 464 and 100,000 men lost. It is possible that the presence of the  made the Roman ships unusually unseaworthy and there is no record of them being used after this disaster.

Prelude

Largely because of the Romans' use of the , the Carthaginians were defeated in large naval battles at Mylae (260 BC), Sulci (257 BC), Ecnomus (256 BC) and Cape Hermaeum (255 BC). During 252 and 251 BC the Roman army avoided battle, according to Polybius because they feared the war elephants which the Carthaginians had shipped to Sicily. In 250 BC the Carthaginians attempted to recapture Panormus, but were defeated, losing most of their elephants. Contemporary accounts do not report either side's other losses, and modern historians consider later claims of 20,000–30,000 Carthaginian casualties improbable.

Encouraged by their victory at Panormus, the Romans moved against Lilybaeumwhich was the main Carthaginian base on Sicily. A large army commanded by the year's consuls Publius Claudius Pulcher and Lucius Junius Pullus besieged the city. They had rebuilt their fleet, and 200 ships blockaded the harbour. Early in the blockade, 50 Carthaginian quinqueremes gathered off the Aegates Islands, which lie  to the west of Sicily. Once there was a strong west wind, they sailed into Lilybaeum before the Romans could react. They unloaded reinforcementseither 10,000 or 4,000 according to different ancient sourcesand a large quantity of supplies. They evaded the Romans by leaving at night, evacuating the Carthaginian cavalry.

The Romans sealed off the landward approach to Lilybaeum with earth and timber camps and walls. They made repeated attempts to block the harbour entrance with a heavy timber boom, but due to the prevailing sea conditions they were unsuccessful. The Carthaginian garrison was kept supplied by blockade runners. These were light and manoeuvrable quinqueremes with highly trained crews and pilots who knew the shoals and currents of the difficult waters. Chief among the blockade runners was a galley captained by Hannibal the Rhodian, who taunted the Romans with the superiority of his vessel and crew. Eventually, the Romans captured Hannibal and his well-constructed galley.

In 250 BC an additional 10,000 oarsmen were allocated to the Roman fleet. Pulcher, the senior consul, supported by a council of war, believed these gave him sufficient advantage to risk an attack on the Carthaginian fleet at Drepana,  north of Lilybaeum along the west coast of Sicily. The Roman fleet sailed on a moonless night to avoid detection and ensure surprise. The Romans had a tradition of divining the likely fortune of a military endeavour by observing the actions of the sacred chickens. In the early morning they would be offered food: if they ate eagerly, the omens were good; if they refused it, the action was ill-fated. When the solemn ceremony was performed on the way to Drepana, the chickens declined to eat. Infuriated, Pulcher pitched them overboard, exclaiming that if they were not hungry, then perhaps they were thirsty. Polybius does not mention this, which has caused some modern historians to doubt its veracity. T. P. Wiseman even thought that the whole episode was an invention from a hostile annalist to harm the reputation of the Claudii.

Battle

By dawn the Romans were close to Drepana but were experiencing problems. In the dark it had proved difficult to keep station. This was exacerbated by the recent incorporation of the 10,000 new oarsmen, who were not trained nor experienced at working with the existing crews. As a result, morning found the Roman ships spread out in a long, disorganised line. Pulcher's ship was towards the rear, possibly so he could discourage straggling. The Carthaginian commander, Adherbal, was taken completely by surprise when his lookouts reported the approach of the Romans. However, his ships were ready for sea, and he immediately ordered them to take on board the garrison as marines, and to follow him out to sea. The Roman fleet consisted of more than 120 ships; some sources give as many as 200. The Carthaginians had between 100 and 130 vessels. All of the warships, on both sides, were carrying full complements of marines.

The more advanced of the Roman ships had reached the mouth of the harbour and were in a position to attempt to block it. However, Pulcher, seeing that surprise was lost, ordered them to fall back and concentrate in battle formation. This order took some time to transmit and resulted in some ships responding to it and turning into the paths of others still pressing forward and fouling them. So poor was the Roman seamanship that several ships collided, or sheared the oars off friendly vessels. Meanwhile, Adherbal led his fleet past the confused Roman vanguard and continued west, passing between the city and two small islands to reach the open sea. Here they had room to manoeuvre and headed south, forming a line of battle that was parallel to the Romans. The Carthaginians managed to get five ships south of Pulcher's flagship, echeloned towards the shore, and so cut off the entire Roman fleet from its line of retreat to Lilybaeum.

The Romans, meanwhile, had formed up in a line facing west, with the shore behind them, which prevented them from being outflanked. The Carthaginians attacked, and the weakness of Pulcher's dispositions became apparent. The Carthaginian ships were lighter built and more manoeuvrable, and their crews were more experienced and accustomed to working together. The Romans lacked the  to even the fight. On the other hand, the Carthaginians were probably outnumbered. The Carthaginians had the additional advantage that if an individual ship was getting the worse of a melee, it could reverse oars and withdraw; if the Roman vessel followed up, it left both of its flanks vulnerable. The Romans, with the shore close behind them, had no such advantage, and they attempted to stay in a tight formation for mutual protection. The battle was hard-fought and ground on through the day. The quality of the legionaries serving as the Roman marines, and their tight formation, made boarding difficult. But the Carthaginians handily outmanoeuvred the Romans, picking off exposed ships to ram, and steadily gaining more and more of an advantage. Eventually Roman discipline cracked; several ships were intentionally run aground so their crews could flee, and Pulcher led a successful breakout by 30 Roman ships, the only ones to survive the battle.

The result was an utter Roman defeat, with 93 of their ships captured, an unknown number sunk, and 20,000 men killed or captured. It was Carthage's greatest naval victory of the war.

Aftermath

Shortly after the battle, Adherbal was reinforced by Carthalo with 70 ships. Adherbal brought Carthalo's command up to 100 and sent him to raid Lilybaeum, where he burnt several Roman ships. A little later, he harried a Roman supply convoy of 800 transports, escorted by 120 warships, to such good effect that it was caught by a storm which sank all the vessels except for two. The Carthaginians further exploited their victory by raiding, ineffectively, the coasts of Roman Italy in 248 BC. The absence of Roman fleets then led Carthage to gradually decommission its navy, reducing the financial strain of building, maintaining and repairing ships, and providing and provisioning their crews. They withdrew most of their warships from Sicily, and the war there entered a period of stalemate. It was seven years after Drepana before Rome attempted to build another substantial fleet.

Pulcher was recalled and charged with treason. He was convicted of a lesser chargesacrilege over the chicken incidentnarrowly escaped a death sentence and was exiled. Pulcher's sister, Claudia, became infamous when, obstructed in a street blocked by poorer citizens, she wished aloud that her brother would lose another battle so as to thin the crowd.

The war eventually ended in 241 BC after the Battle of the Aegates, with a Roman victory and an agreed peace. Henceforth Rome was the leading military power in the western Mediterranean and increasingly the Mediterranean region as a whole. The Romans had built over 1,000 galleys during the war; and this experience of building, manning, training, supplying and maintaining such numbers of ships laid the foundation for Rome's maritime dominance for 600 years.

See also
 Siege of Drepana

Notes, citations and sources

Notes

Citations

Sources

Further reading
  Translation by William Roger Paton on Wikisource.

Drepana
Trapani
Drepana
Drepana
Battles in Sicily

Battle of Drepana


Baldellia repens, jedna od tri priznate vrste kornjašica, porodica žabočunovke. Rasprostranjena je od Alžira na jugu na sjever preko Pirenejskog poluotoka i europskih zemalja uz Atlantski ocean na sjever do Britanskog otočja.

Hemikriptofit ili helofit.

Podvrste
 Baldellia repens subsp. baetica Talavera & Casimiro-Soriguer
 Baldellia repens subsp. cavanillesii (Molina Abril, A.Galán, J.M.Pizarro & Sard.Rosc.) Talavera
 Baldellia repens subsp. repens

Sinonimi
 Alisma repens Lam.,
 Baldellia ranunculoides var. repens (Lam.) Gray
 Echinodorus ranunculoides var. repens (Lam.) Duby
 Alisma ranunculoides var. repens (Lam.) Bab.,  nom. illeg.
 Echinodorus ranunculoides subsp. repens (Lam.) K.Richt.
 Echinodorus repens (Lam.) J.Kern & Reichg.
 Baldellia ranunculoides subsp. repens (Lam.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
 Baldellia ranunculoides f. repens (Lam.) Markgr.

Izvori

Kornjašica

Baldellia repens


Nelsonioideae, potporodica primogovki. Postoji nekoliko rodova .

Rodovi
 Nelsonia R. Br. (2 spp.)
 Elytraria Rich. ex Michx. (22 spp.)
 Aymoreana Braz, T. F. Daniel & Kiel (1 sp.)
 Anisosepalum E. Hossain (3 spp.)
 Saintpauliopsis Staner (1 sp.)
 Staurogyne Wall. (148 spp.)

Izvori

Primogovke

Nelsonioideae


Santa Fe se ubica en el centro-este de la Argentina, se emplaza entre las regiones geográfica antiguamente descriptas como llanura pampeana y región chaqueña, insertándose en la zona del Litoral, debido a esto se hace difícil el escurrimiento de las aguas, con la correspondiente formación de lagunas, arroyos, bañados e inundaciones.

Actualmente se describen Ecorregiones y la ciudad de Santa Fe es afectada en parte por la Ecorregión del Espinal, en cambio el gran distrito de los barrios costeros, se encuentra en plena Ecorregión Deltas e islas del Paraná, aunque por su cercanías, también posee características de la Ecorregión del Chaco Húmedo. Resultando estas condiciones en un ambiente con altísimos índices de biodiversidad de especies y de ambientes en un clima templado-subtropical húmedo. Estas características permite un creciente turismo en toda la gran región y que tiene como centro urbano a la Ciudad de Santa Fe.

La jurisdicción municipal abarca 268 km², resultando en la ciudad sin conflictos limítrofes más extensa en superficie de toda la Argentina, de los cuales el 70% está ocupado por ríos, lagunas y bañados,12 totalizando un área no urbana de 187,6 km². Los límites urbanos son mayoritariamente naturales: al este, el río Paraná; al oeste, el río Salado (norte de Argentina); al norte, limita con la ciudad de Recreo (único límite artificial); y al Sur, con el ríacho Santa Fe y río Salado.

En Santa Fe comenzó un crecimiento demográfico muy intenso ocupando lugares no muy sustentable, inundables, etc. Es por eso que se desarrolló el Plan Urbano el cual consiste en territorializar regulando los usos del suelo, las lógicas de radicación de viviendas y actividades económicas.13 La planificación estratégica debe ser pensada a largo plazo como la de la gran urbe más extensa de toda la Argentina.

De las ciudades más importantes de la República Argentina, debido a su amplísima extensión territorial, la Ciudad de Santa Fe posee la menor densidad poblacional de todas, con 1513 habitantes por km 2.

Comparación de las densidades poblacionales de las ciudades más importantes de Argentina. Nótese la baja densidad de la Ciudad de Santa Fe respecto a las demás ciudades, debido a su mayor extensión territorial que el resto.

La Ciudad cuenta con las Autopistas de Circunvalación Mar Argentino y la Circunvalación Oeste. Originalmente pensadas como límite al crecimiento urbano, en la actualidad se han sobrepasado. El trazado recorre unos 30.5 km hasta el norte de la capital hacia el cruce con la ruta provincial RP 70.

Superficie y población
Con 268 km² y una población de aproximadamente 536 127 habitantes, la ciudad es el centro del Área Metropolitana del Gran Santa Fe, constituida por

 Santa Fe,
 Santo Tomé
 Recreo
 Rincón
 Sauce Viejo
 Arroyo Leyes
 Villa Adelina
 Rincón Norte

Clima

La ciudad de Santa Fe recibe una marcada influencia del río Paraná en las condiciones climáticas, atenuando sus características de mediterraneidad.

Definido como Subtropical húmedo, correspondiente a Bosque Húmedo Templado Cálido-Subtropical para el Diagrama Bioclimático de Zonas de Vida de Holdridge; se destaca por la inexistencia de cuatro estaciones bien delimitadas, por la intensificación de la isla de calor urbana. Sólo se puede determinar una estación calurosa que va desde octubre a abril . La oscilación diaria como la amplitud de la temperatura aumenta de este a oeste, al mismo tiempo que disminuyen la humedad relativa y las precipitaciones.

En verano a la zona llegan masas de aire tropical cálidas y húmedas con vientos del norte que traen altas temperaturas, mientras que en invierno masas de aire polar producen enfriamientos y heladas.

La temperatura media en invierno es de 12 °C, con una humedad de 65%; en verano es de 26 °C y 55% de humedad media.

La ciudad también se ve altamente influenciada por su cercanía a los ríos Paraná y Salado, los cuales influyen no solo en el clima, sino que suelen provocar inundaciones recurrentes en la región. Por ejemplo, en el actual Ciclo Húmedo (1973 a ¿2020?), en marzo de 2007 la gran altura de ambos ríos influyó en la inundación de parte de la ciudad con miles de evacuados. En abril de 2003, el río Salado provocó 150 mil evacuados al inundar la tercera parte de la ciudad; semejante inundación sólo tenía un precedente en 1905 (Ciclo Húmedo 1870 a 1920), pero en aquel momento fue el río Paraná.

Humedad relativa promedio anual: 80,5%

Referencias

Geografía de la ciudad de Santa Fe

Geografía de la ciudad de Santa Fe


El Campeonato de futbol de las Islas Vírgenes Estadounidenses es el máximo torneo de clubes en las Islas Vírgenes de los Estados Unidos, administrado por la Federación de Fútbol de las Islas Vírgenes Estadounidenses.

Formato
Por primera vez, los equipos de las dos principales islas, Saint Croix y Saint Thomas, compitieron juntos en la misma liga (anteriormente, jugaban en sus propias ligas, y los dos mejores de cada liga clasificaba a los play-offs). Un total de ocho equipos, con cuatro equipos de cada isla, compitieron en la temporada regular.

Equipos 2019-20

Equipos de Saint Croix:
Helenites SC
Prankton United FC
Rovers FC
Unique FC

Equipos de Saint Thomas:
LRVI FC
New Vibes SC
Raymix SC
Waitikubuli FC
United We Stand FC

Palmarés

{| class="wikitable" style="width:50%; font-size:95%"
!width=8%|Temporada
!width="15%"|Campeón
!width="12%"|Resultado
!width="15%"|Finalista
|- align=center bgcolor=#FFF000
|colspan=4|Soccer Championship
|-
|align=center| 1997-98 || MI Roc Masters FC ||   || Helenites SC
|-
|align=center| 1998-99 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 1999-00 || UWS Upsetters      || 5-1 || Helenites SC
|-
|align=center| 2000-01 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2001-02 || Haitian Stars SC      || 1-0 || UWS Upsetters
|-
|align=center| 2002-03 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2003-04 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2004-05 || Positive Vibes FC   || 2-0 || Helenites SC
|-
|align=center| 2005-06 || New Vibes SC     || 4-2 (pró.)  || Positive Vibes FC
|-
|align=center| 2006-07 || Helenites SC       || 1-0 || Positive Vibes FC
|-
|align=center| 2007-08 || Positive Vibes FC  || Liga  || New Vibes SC
|-
|align=center| 2008-09 || New Vibes SC    || 1-0 || Positive Vibes FC
|-
|align=center| 2009-10 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2010-11 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2011-12 || Helenites SC  || 3-3 (5-4 pen.) || New Vibes SC
|-
|align=center| 2012-13 || New Vibes SC  || 0-0 (4-3 pen.) || Positive Vibes FC
|-
|align=center| 2013-14 || Helenites SC  || 0-1  3-0  || Positive Vibes FC
|-
|align=center| 2014-15 || Helenites SC  || 3-1  || Raymix SC
|-
|align=center| 2015-16 || Raymix SC  || 3-2  ||Helenites SC
|-
|align=center| 2016-17 || Raymix SC  || 1-0  || Helenites SC
|-
|align=center| 2017-18 ||  colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|- align=center bgcolor=#FFF000
|colspan=4|Premier League
|-
|align=center| 2018-19 || Helenites SC   || 2-1  || United We Stand
|-
|align=center| 2019-20  ||colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|abandonado debido a la pandemia de COVID-19.
|-
|align=center| 2020-21 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado
|-
|align=center| 2021-22 || colspan=3 style=background:#efefef|No disputado

|- align=center bgcolor=#FFF000
|colspan=4|Association Club Championship
|-
|align=center| 2022-23|| New Vibes SC || 4-0  || United We Stand
|}

Títulos por equipo
{| class="wikitable" style="width:80%; font-size:90%"
!width="350px"|Club
!width="60px"| Títulos
!width="60px"| Subtítulos
!width="500px"| Años campeón
!width="500px"| Años subcampeón
|-
|Helenites SC
| 5
| 5
|2006-07, 2011-12, 2013-14, 2014-15, 2018-19
|1997-98, 1999-00, 2004-05, 2015-16, 2016-17
|-
|New Vibes SC
| 4
| 2
|2005-06, 2008-09, 2012-13, 2022-23
|2007-08, 2011-12
|-
|Positive Vibes FC
| 2
| 5
|2004-05, 2007-08
|2005-06, 2006-07, 2008-09, 2012-13, 2013-14
|-
|Raymix SC
| 2
| 1
|2015-16, 2016-17
|2014-15
|-
|United We Stand (Incluye UWS Upsetters)
| 1
| 3
|1999-00
|2001-02, 2018-19, 2022-23
|-
|MI Roc Masters FC †
| 1
| -
| 1997-98
| ----
|-
|Haitian Stars SC †
| '1
| -
|2001-02
| ----
|}
 † Equipo desaparecido.

 Tabla histórica
Tabla histórica de la Premier League de la Islas Vírgenes Estadounidenses'' desde la creación en 2018-19 hasta la temporada 2019-20.

Véase también
 Liga de fútbol de Saint Croix
 Liga de fútbol de Saint Thomas

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 US Virgin Islands - List of Champions
 Torneo 2012
 St Croix
 St Thomas

Campeonato de fútbol de las Islas Vírgenes Estadounidenses


A Igreja Reformada da África Oriental (IRAO) - em inglês Reformed Church of East Africa, abreviado como RCEA - é uma denominação cristã reformada fundada em 1944, no Quênia, por sul-africanos membros das Igreja Reformada Neerlandesa (NGK).

História

Após a Segunda Guerra dos Bôeres, travada entre 11 de outubro de 1899 e 31 de maio de 1902, a África do Sul tornou-se um domínio britânico. Nesse período, muitos holandeses ali residentes migraram para outros países, entre eles estavam membros das Igrejas Reformadas na África do Sul (IRAS).

De 1902 a 1914, cerca de 1.300 pessoas partiram e se estabeleceram principalmente em torno da cidade de Eldoret, no condado de Uasin Gishu. Muitos membros das IRAS se estabeleceram no Quênia para praticar a agricultura desde então.

O Rev. MP Loubser como o primeiro ministro a servir as congregações reformadas no país. Trabalhadores rurais de tribos próximas foram empregados como trabalhadores e o Rev. Loubser, junto com fazendeiros como os Srs. A. J. Mouton, J. N. Boshoff, O. A. Storm e a Sra. Freda van Heerden, estabeleceram um ministério entre os trabalhadores rurais.

Em 27 de outubro de 1944, o Rev. e a Sra. B. B. Eybers chegaram como missionários de tempo integral, marcando o início oficial da missão da Igreja Reformada Neerlandesa (NGK) no Quênia.

Em julho de 1963, o primeiro sínodo da recém-criada Igreja Reformada da África Oriental (IRAO) reuniu três congregações, três ministros e cerca de 300 membros.

Desde 20 de novembro de 1979, a IRAO havia crescido para 600 congregações e 110.000 membros. No mesmo ano, tornou-se uma denominação autônoma, completamente independente da  Igreja Reformada Neerlandesa (NGK), embora com laços fraternais com a igreja mãe.

Em 1992, um grupo de membros de separou e formou a Igreja Cristã Reformada na África Oriental.

Em 2021, a Igreja Reformada da África Oriental eram formada por 600 congregações e 50.000 membros.

Doutrina

A denominação subscreve o Catecismo de Heidelberg, Cânones de Dort e Confissão de Fé de Westminster como seus símbolos de fé. Além disso, reconhece o Credo Niceno-Constantinopolitano, Credo dos Apóstolos e Credo de Atanásio como exposições fiéis das doutrinas bíblicas.

Em 2018, a denominação passou a permitir a ordenação de mulheres em todos os seus ofícios.

Relações Intereclesiásticas

A IRO é membro da  Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas e possui relacionamento com as Igreja Cristã Reformada da América do Norte.

Denominações reformadas continentais no Quênia
Membros da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas

Igreja Reformada da África Oriental


La Hopea reticulata es una especie de planta de la familia Dipterocarpaceae. Es un pequeño árbol del bosque monzónico.

Distribución
Es endémica de China. Sólo recientemente descubierto en el condado de Yaxian de la provincia de Hainan. La especie presenta una serie de características primitivas que son de interés filogenético.

El grado de perturbación del hábitat sugiere que la mayoría de los árboles son de crecimiento secundario. La especie tiene una buena capacidad de regeneración en su hábitat natural.

Taxonomía
Hopea reticulata fue descrito por Marie Laure Tardieu y publicado en Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Museum de Paris 10: 123. 1942.
Etimología
Hopea: nombre genérico que fue nombrado en honor de John Hope, 1725-1786, primer administrador de la  Real Jardín Botánico de Edimburgo .

reticulata: epíteto latíno que significa "reticulada".
Sinonimia
 Hopea exalata W.T.Lin, Y.Y.Yang & Q.S.Hsue
 Hopea reticulata subsp. exalata (W.T. Lin, Y.Y. Yang & Q.S. Hsue) Y.K. Yang & J.K. Wu

Referencias

Árboles de China
Plantas en estado vulnerable
Plantas descritas en 1942
Hopea

Hopea reticulata


Porto Seguro (, Safe Harbor in English), is a city located in the far south of Bahia, Brazil. The city has an estimated population of 150,658 (2020), covers , and has a population density of 52.7 residents per square kilometer. The area that includes Porto Seguro and neighbouring Santa Cruz Cabrália and Eunápolis holds a distinctive place in Brazilian history: in 1500 it was the first landing point of Portuguese navigators, principally Pedro Álvares Cabral.
The crime rate is considered high, as is the case in the rest of Bahia.

Geography

Climate

The climate in Porto Seguro is warm, pleasant, and partly cloudy. Over the course of the year, the temperature typically varies from 19 °C lows (67 °F) to 29C highs (84 °F) and is rarely below 18 °C (65 °F) or above 31 °C (88 °F). The temperature in Porto Seguro varies so little throughout the year that it is not entirely meaningful to discuss hot and cold seasons.

Subdivisions
Porto Seguro is divided into five districts
Porto Seguro (city seat);
Arraial d'Ajuda;
Caraíva
Trancoso
Vale Verde

Conservation
The municipality contains the  Pau-Brasil Ecological Station, a fully protected conservation unit created in 1997 to protect a fragment of Atlantic Forest, and specifically to protect Brazil wood (Pau Brasil, Caesalpinia echinata).
It contains the  Rio dos Frades Wildlife Refuge, created in 2007 to protect the mouth of the Frades River.
The municipality also contains part of the Corumbau Marine Extractive Reserve, a protected offshore fishing area of .

Economy

The city is now considered one of the most important destinations of Brazil, receiving tourists from Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Chile. The city and surrounding area have some luxury hotels and hundreds of smaller hotels, as well as an airport well connected with the major Brazilian cities. Apart from tourism, other important activities are agriculture (especially cashew and coconut), reforestation with eucalyptus trees, cattle, and trade and services.

The city offers one of the most famous Carnival parties in Bahia. "Electric Trios" (trucks carrying sound systems and live bands), dancing "blocos" and "cordões" (street dancing groups) drag thousands of tourists along the "Passarela do Álcool" Passageway (the traditional local avenue) and to beach bars.

Noted places

Historical Downtown Area
The historical site in the Cidade Alta area is a National Heritage Monument put under government trust by federal decree since 1973. It was one of the first towns in Brazil and played an important role during the first years of European colonization. It includes three churches and around 40 buildings (among private residential houses and public institutions), restored by the state government for the 500th anniversary celebration of Brazilian discovery.

Monte Pascoal National Park
Created in 1961 to preserve the place where Brazil was discovered by Portuguese warriors. It includes swamp areas, salt marshes, river marshes, and a coastline around the rocky, high, round hill, considered the first point of land to be seen by the Portuguese traveler Pedro Álvares Cabral's crew. It extends over an area of , including the Pataxó tribe's indigenous protection land. Besides its historical importance, it also offers protection to one of the last stretches of Atlantic forest in the Northeastern area of Brazil. The area is aimed at preserving valuable woods such as Brazil wood, and still hosts many species of animals threatened by extinction, including the collared sloth and black bear.

Recife de Fora Sea Park
It was the first city-owned park in Brazil. During low tide, visitors can view a wide range of coral reefs, fish, and many sea species.

Glória Hillock
These are ruins of what many consider to be the São Francisco Church, where Ynaiá, an Indian woman who died for the love of a crewmember of Portuguese navigator Gonçalo Coelho's fleet, was buried. The São Francisco Church is said to be the first one built in Brazil in baroque style, probably in 1504, whose ruins date to 1730.

The Nossa Senhora da Penha Matrix Church
Located on Pero de Campos Tourinho Square, in Cidade Alta, it was built at the end of the 18th century. It comprises a nave, a main chapel, a sacristy, and a bell tower.

Jaqueira Indigenous Protection Reservation
A huge jackfruit tree trunk, tumbled down by nature itself, represents the return to one's origins and acts as a historical and cultural reference to honor the ancestral fathers and mothers of Pataxó families who recently moved into this  Indian protection area. Their huts, spread around original Atlantic Forest woods, retain the original formats, giving visitors the impression of being back 500 years in time to pre-Columbian Brazil.

The Discovery Outdoors Museum
An outdoors, natural museum, whose "art galleries" are its beaches, valleys and natural trails and whose "collection" is a set of geographical formations and traditional villages, disposed as art works in permanent exhibition, engraved in ancient media, which are spread along the  length of Bahia's historical southern coastline.

Transport

Airway
Porto Seguro Airport was opened in 1982. Its passenger terminal was very simple and small; this building is now occupied by the Fire Department of the city. In 1997, the airport was reopened, having received a new passenger terminal, new aircraft parking lot, and extension of runway to operate large aircraft. In 2010 the airport had some major renovations preparing the city to host several of the International football teams who had a training camp in Porto Seguro for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

References

External links

Saiba Tudo Acesse : Porto Seguro - Bahia

Populated coastal places in Bahia
Former Portuguese colonies
Municipalities in Bahia
National heritage sites of Bahia
1534 establishments in the Portuguese Empire
Populated places established in 1534

Porto Seguro


Genki Yamada (født 16. december 1994) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Renofa Yamaguchi FC.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Genki Yamada


Carl Mommert (* 7. August 1840 in Krehlau, Niederschlesien, heute Krzelów, Gemeinde Wińsko, Polen; † um 1910) war ein katholischer Theologe und Pfarrer, der als Vertreter des Antisemitismus im 19. Jahrhundert gilt.

Leben

Familie und Bildung
Carl Mommert war das erste von zwölf Kindern und wuchs zunächst auf dem elterlichen Gutshof in Krehlau/Niederschlesien auf. 1848 nahm ihn sein gleichnamiger Onkel bei sich auf, der seit 1844 eine Pfarrstelle in Ullersdorf hatte. Dort erhielt Carl Mommert zuerst Privatunterricht von einem Adjutanten und besuchte dann ab 1852 das Gymnasium in Sagan. 1859 wechselte er auf das Gymnasium in Glogau. Dass er keineswegs der beste Schüler war, beweist sein Abgangszeugnis vor dem Schulwechsel:

Sein Reifezeugnis erhielt er 1862 im Alter von 22 Jahren.

Studium und religiöses Erweckungserlebnis
Anschließend stellte sich ihm die Berufsfrage. Dazu äußert Carl Mommert in seinen Lebenserinnerungen: "Soldat würde ich gern geworden sein, aber dazu waren meine Zivilverhältnisse nicht angetan, und dieser Stand war darum für mich stets nur ein Gegenstand platonischer Liebe geblieben". Sodann entschloss er sich, Jura zu studieren, denn damit ließ sich sein Berufsziel verwirklichen: "So ein Steuer-Oberkontrolleur, der in seinem Wagen umherfährt und die Schnapsbrennereien und Bierbrauereien revidiert". Dazu kam es aber nicht, denn durch ein Versehen schrieb er sich an der Universität Breslau für katholische Theologie ein. Zu Beginn seines Studiums widmete er sich eher dem "Studentenleben": Er trat der katholischen Studentenverbindung Winfridia bei und war "auf dem besten Wege, das Biertrinken und das Tanzen, zwei wichtige, mir aber bis dahin noch völlig neue Künste gründlich zu erlernen, obwohl mir beide ganz und gar unsympathisch waren". Eine Einschätzung, die sich wohl am ehesten durch den priesterlichen Stand erklären lässt, den Carl Mommert beim Abfassen der Erinnerungen innehatte. 1864 erkrankte er dann so schwer an Typhus, dass er bereits die Krankensalbung erhielt. Seine Genesung empfand er als religiöses Erweckungserlebnis und beschloss, sich aufrichtig "dem geistlichen Stande zu widmen". 1866 absolvierte er das Konkurs-Examen und wegen des Deutschen Krieges 1866 erhielt er bereits kurz darauf "die Tonsur und die vier niederen Weihen, und am 8. Juli desselben Jahres auch schon die hl. Subdiakonatsweihe". Seine erste Predigt hielt Carl Mommert am Sonntag nach Bartholomäus 1866 bei seinem Onkel in Ullersdorf.

Katholischer Pfarrer im "Kulturkampf"
Carl Mommert, der später eine eigene Pfarrei in Schweidnitz hatte, war stets überzeugt, die richtige Berufswahl getroffen zu haben und verteidigte seinen Stand und seine Ansichten als katholischer Pfarrer auch vehement im so genannten Kulturkampf, der schon vorher schwelte, aber nach der Reichsgründung 1871 vollends zum Ausbruch kam. Mommert schreibt in seinen Lebenserinnerungen, er habe "im Kulturkampfe in den ersten Reihen tapfer mitgekämpft". Dadurch bedingt hatte er "nicht nur eine 14-tägige Gefängnis-Strafe abzusitzen, sondern [war] auch eingestandenermaßen reizbar, nervös und grob".

Reisen
Bereits während des Studiums, vor allem aber danach reiste Carl Mommert sehr viel. Er besuchte nicht nur Italien, Österreich, die Schweiz und die Weltausstellung 1878 in Paris. Sein bevorzugtes Reiseziel war Jerusalem. Carl Mommert gehörte dem Ritterorden vom Heiligen Grab zu Jerusalem an und die Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft hatte ihn ebenfalls zum Mitglied. Das Interesse an der heiligen Stadt arbeitete er in zahlreichen Publikationen auf.

Tod
Das Todesdatum Carl Mommerts ist unbekannt. Da seine letzte deutschsprachige Publikation 1910 erschien, ist dies der Terminus post quem.

Antisemitismus
In einigen seiner Publikationen zeigte sich, wie schon die Titel bisweilen erahnen lassen, "[d]ie Kontinuität des antijüdischen Vorurteils […] und damit zugleich die latente Präsenz antijüdischer Dispositionen in der katholischen Bevölkerung Deutschlands zur Wilhelminischen Zeit". Christoph Nonn ist sogar der Auffassung, dass Carl Mommert unter den katholischen Klerikern "der eifrigste Verfechter der Ritualmordlegende um die Jahrhundertwende" war. So versuchte Carl Mommert, die Ritualmordlegende mit derartigen Sätzen zu stützen: "Aus der jährlichen Wiederkehr der Feste und der religiösen Feierlichkeiten, zu welchen die Juden des Menschenblutes, beziehungsweise des Christenblutes, zu rituellen Zwecken bedürfen, ergibt sich mit haarsträubender Gewißheit, daß alljährlich Menschen, und insbesonderheit Christen, zum Zweck der Blutabzapfung von den Juden […] umgebracht werden". Lehrs Einschätzung, dass Mommert die Juden zu dämonisieren versuche, ist also durchaus zuzustimmen. Widerspruch erfuhr er auch aus seiner Kirche, nicht zuletzt von Fürstbischof Georg Kopp.

Schriften
 Die heilige Grabeskirche zu Jerusalem in ihrem ursprünglichen Zustande, Leipzig 1888.
 Die Dormitio und das deutsche Grundstück auf dem traditionellen Zion, Leipzig 1899.
 Zion und Akra. Die Hügel der Altstadt, Leipzig 1900.
 Golgotha und das hl. Grab zu Jerusalem, Leipzig 1900.
 Salem, die Königsstadt des Melchisedek. Eine christlich-archäologische Studie, Leipzig 1902.
 Topographie des alten Jerusalem, 4 Bd., 1902-1907.
 Das Prätorium des Pilatus und der Ort der Verurteilung Jesu, Leipzig 1903.
 Aenon und Bethania, die Taufstätten des Täufers, Leipzig 1903.
 Aus dem Leben eines Dorfpfarrers, Leipzig 1904.
 Menschenopfer bei den alten Hebräern, Leipzig 1905.
 Der Ritualmord bei den Talmud-Juden, Leipzig 1905.
 Widerlegung der Widersprüche frommer Juden und Christen gegen die Blutbeschuldigung der Juden, Leipzig 1906.
 Der Teich Bethesda zu Jerusalem und das Jerusalem des Pilgers von Bordeaux, Leipzig 1907.
 Siloah. Brunnen, Teich, Kanal zu Jerusalem, Leipzig 1908.
 Zur Chronologie des Lebens Jesu, Leipzig 1910.
 Saint Étienne et ses sanctuaires à Jérusalem, Paris 1912.

Literatur
 Stefan Lehr: Antisemitismus – religiöse Motive im sozialen Vorurteil. Aus der Frühgeschichte des Antisemitismus in Deutschland  1870-1914. München 1974.
 Christoph Nonn: Ritualmordgerüchte als Form von popularem Antisemitismus – Eine Katholische Spezialität?, in: Katholischer Antisemitismus im 19. Jahrhundert. Ursachen und Traditionen im internationalen Vergleich. Hrsg. von Olaf Blaschke und Aram Mattiolo. Zürich 2000, S. 145–159.
 Hermann Greive: Die gesellschaftliche Bedeutung der christlich-jüdischen Differenz – Zur Situation im deutschen Katholizismus, in: Juden im Wilhelminischen Deutschland 1890-1914. Ein Sammelband. Hrsg. von Werner E. Mosse. Tübingen 1998, S. 349–388.

Einzelnachweise

Römisch-katholischer Theologe (19. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Geistlicher (19. Jahrhundert)
Person (Ritterorden vom Heiligen Grab zu Jerusalem)
Person des Antisemitismus
Korporierter im CV
Deutscher
Geboren 1840
Gestorben im 20. Jahrhundert
Mann

Carl Mommert


Señora y sirvienta con un cubo es un cuadro del pintor Pieter de Hooch, realizado en torno a 1660, que se encuentra en el Museo del Hermitage de San Petersburgo, Rusia.

La escena representada es la de la señora de una casa, sentada en un patio exterior, y junto a ella a su sirvienta. La obra es una muestra de orden y precisión, como se percibe en las líneas de los barrotes, el suelo ajedrezado y otros detalles, propios del autor neerlandés.

Es una pintura que refleja la vida cotidiana en el entorno burgués de los Países Bajos en los días del pintor, un mundo que pretendía trasmitir la paz y la felicidad de las mujeres en sus ocupaciones hogareñas.

La obra está pintada en Delft, ciudad donde vivió unos doce años.

Véase también
 Escena de género

Referencias

Colecciones del Museo del Hermitage
Cuadros de 1660

Señora y sirvienta con un cubo


An Eragrostis pycnantha in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Rodolfo Amando Philippi, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Parodi och Elisa G. Nicora. An Eragrostis pycnantha in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eragrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Eragrostis

Eragrostis pycnantha


ويلاوس  هي إحدى مدن مقاطعة غلين، كاليفورنيا. تم إعطاءها لقب مدينة في 16 يناير، 1886.

التركيبة السكانية
حدّد مكتب تعداد الولايات المتحدة بيانات التركيبة السكانية لويلاوس في تعداد الولايات المتحدة. في ما يلي، التركيبة السكانية حسب تعدادي 2000 و2010.

تعداد عام 2000
بلغ عدد سكان ويلاوس 6,220 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2000، وبلغ عدد الأسر 2,134 أسرة وعدد العائلات 1,513 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 2,368 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 69.26% من البيض و0.88% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و2.25% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و10.31% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و0.24% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادئ و12.30% من الأعراق الأخرى و4.76% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و23.25% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 2,134 أسرة كانت نسبة 41.6% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 52.1% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 14.2% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك،  بينما كانت نسبة 4.5% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 29.1% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 24.7% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 11% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 2.83، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.40.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 31.0 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 32.5% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 9.2% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 25.2% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 18.7% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 11.6% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. يوجد لكل 100 أنثى 96.7 ذكر، ويوجد لكل 100 أنثى في الثامنة عشر من عمرها فما فوق 90.7 ذكر.

بلغ متوسط دخل الأسرة في المدينة 27,466 دولارًا، أما متوسط دخل العائلة فبلغ 35,856 دولارًا. وكان متوسط دخل الذكور 30,297 دولارًا مقابل 22,159 دولارًا للإناث. وسجل دخل الفرد الخاص بالمدينة 12,523 دولارًا. وكانت نسبة 17.7% من العائلات ونسبة 24.6% من السكان تحت خط الفقر، وكان من هؤلاء نسبة 39.4% تحت سن الثامنة عشر ونسبة 9.4% في الخامسة والستين من العمر وما فوق.

تعداد عام 2010
بلغ عدد سكان ويلاوس 6,166 نسمة بحسب تعداد عام 2010، وبلغ عدد الأسر 2,173 أسرة وعدد العائلات 1,497 عائلة مقيمة في المدينة. في حين سجلت الكثافة السكانية . وبلغ عدد الوحدات السكنية 2,399 وحدة بمتوسط كثافة قدره .
وتوزع التركيب العرقي للمدينة بنسبة 69.80% من البيض و1.27% من الأمريكيين الأفارقة و2.24% من الأمريكيين الأصليين و5.06% من الأمريكيين ذوي الأصول الآسيوية و0.18% من سكان جزر المحيط الهادئ و17.82% من الأعراق الأخرى و3.63% من عرقين مختلطين أو أكثر و32.76% من الهسبانيون أو اللاتينيون من أي عرق.

بلغ عدد الأسر 2,173 أسرة كانت نسبة 38.6% منها لديها أطفال تحت سن الثامنة عشر تعيش معهم، وبلغت نسبة الأزواج القاطنين مع بعضهم البعض 47.7% من أصل المجموع الكلي للأسر، ونسبة 15% من الأسر كان لديها معيلات من الإناث دون وجود شريك،  بينما كانت نسبة 6.1% من الأسر لديها معيلون من الذكور دون وجود شريكة وكانت نسبة 31.1% من غير العائلات. تألفت نسبة 24.8% من أصل جميع الأسر من عدة أفراد يعيشون في نفس المنزل ونسبة 10.5% كانت تتألف من شخص يعيش بمفرده يبلغ من العمر 65 عاماً أو أكثر. وبلغ متوسط حجم الأسرة المعيشية 2.75، أما متوسط حجم العائلات فبلغ 3.28.

بلغ العمر الوسطي للسكان 32.6 عاماً. وكانت نسبة 28.9% من القاطنين تحت سن الثامنة عشر، وكانت نسبة 10% بين الثامنة عشر والرابعة والعشرين عاماً، ونسبة 25% كانت واقعةً في الفئة العمرية ما بين الخامسة والعشرين والرابعة والأربعين عاماً، ونسبة 23.4% كانت ما بين الخامسة والأربعين والرابعة والستين، ونسبة 12.7% كانت ضمن فئة الخامسة والستين عاماً فما فوق. وتوزع التركيب الجنسي للسكان بنسبة 49.4% ذكور و50.6% إناث.

المناخ
يظهر الجدول التالي التغييرات المناخية على مدار السنة لويلاوس:

أعلام
 مارك كونيغ
 إيس آدامز

مراجع

ويلاوس (كاليفورنيا)
أماكن مأهولة أسست في 1886
تأسيسات سنة 1886 في كاليفورنيا
مدن في مقاطعة غلين (كاليفورنيا)
مدن كاليفورنيا
مقرات المقاطعات في كاليفورنيا

ويلاوس (كاليفورنيا)


Narenciye ya da turunçgiller, turunç, portakal, mandalina, greyfurt ve limon gibi ekonomik değeri yüksek olan Citrus cinsi meyve ağacı türlerini de içine alan bir bitki topluluğudur.

Yetiştiği yerler
Vatanı Çin ve Hindistan olan, fakat bugün hemen hemen ılıman iklime sahip bütün memleketlerde kültür şekilleri yetiştirilmektedir. Türkiye'de güney ve güneybatı Anadolu ile kuzeydoğu Akdeniz bölgelerinde tarımı yapılır.

Özellikleri
Yaprak dökmeyen, uçucu yağ taşıyan küçük ağaçlardır. Yaprakları tam, yumurtamımsı, parlak ve derimsidir. Çanak ve taç yaprakları beş parçalıdır. Taç yaprakları etli, beyaz veya pembe renkli, hoş kokuludur.

Meyveler sarı ve turuncu renkli, çok gözlü ve etlidir ve kış meyveleridir. Meyvelerin tadı ekşidir ve C vitamini açısından zengindirler. %3 yağ içerirler.

Bazı narenciye türleri
Bu türlerin hepsi de Citrus (C.) cinsi bitkilerdir:

Bu tür ise bazılarınca Citrus cinsi içinde bazılarınca Citrus cinsi dışında ayrı bir cinsin (Poncirus cinsi) türü olarak görülmektedir.

Kullanıldığı yerler
Bu bitkilerin meyvelerinden gıda olarak faydalanıldığı gibi, meyve kabuklarından, yapraklarından veya çiçeklerden, parfümeride koku ve lezzet vermekte kullanılan uçucu yağlar da elde edilir. Citrus, deodorant ve göz kremleri karışımlarında da kullanılmaktadır.

Citrus

Narenciye


American Mathematical Society (AMS) este o asociație de matematicieni profesioniști dedicați intereselor cercetării matematice și burselor și servește comunității naționale și internaționale prin publicațiile, întâlnirile, susținere și alte programe. Societatea este una din cele patru părți ale Joint Policy Board for Mathematics și membru al Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences.

A fost fondată în 1888, la inițiativa lui Thomas Fiske care fusese marcat de o vizită la London Mathematical Society.

Legături externe

MacTutor: The American Mathematical Society

Fondări în 1888
Asociații ale matematicienilor

American Mathematical Society


A Diocese de Kuzhithurai (Latim:Dioecesis Kuzhithuraiensis) é uma diocese localizada no município de Kuzhithurai, no estado de Tâmil Nadu, pertencente a Arquidiocese de Madurai na Índia. Foi fundada em 22 de dezembro de 2014 pelo Papa Francisco. Com uma população católica de 248.993 habitantes, sendo 32,0% da população total, possui 106 paróquias com dados de 2020.

História

Em 22 de dezembro de 2014 o Papa Francisco cria a Diocese de Kuzhithurai através do território da Diocese de Kottar.

Lista de bispos
A seguir uma lista de bispos desde a criação da diocese em 2014.

Ligações externas

Kuzhithurai
Kuzhithurai

Diocese de Kuzhithurai


Deux sous-marins de la marine royale suédoise ont porté successivement le nom de HMS Sjölejonet (« Lion de mer » en suédois).

 Le , navire de tête de la classe Sjölejonet, lancé en 1936.
 Le , un sous-marin de classe Sjöormen lancé en 1967.

Notes et références

HMS Sjölejonet


Joshua Phoho Setipa, né le  à Leribe, est un haut-fonctionnaire lésothien. Il est le directeur général de la Banque de technologie des Nations unies pour les pays les moins avancés  depuis novembre 2018.

Jeunesse et études
Setipa est né le 6 avril 1969 à Leribe, au Lesotho. Il est le fils de Kabelo Kokoto Setipa (1944-1981) et de Majoshua Magdalene Setipa (1944-2018).

Il a fréquenté la Lesotho High School à Maseru, Lesotho, et a terminé ses études secondaires en 1986. En 1987, il s'inscrit à l'Université nationale du Lesotho, où il obtient en 1992 une licence en administration publique et en sciences politiques. En 1993, il a obtenu un diplôme d'études supérieures en relations internationales et en commerce de l'Université nationale australienne de Canberra. En 2003, il a obtenu une maîtrise en administration des affaires à l'Université de Bradford.

Carrière
Setipa a rejoint le service des affaires étrangères du Lesotho en 1992 en tant que premier secrétaire. En 1994, il est affecté à l'ambassade du Lesotho à Bonn, en Allemagne, en tant que premier secrétaire chargé des relations commerciales et économiques entre le Lesotho, l'Allemagne et l'Autriche. En 1998, Setipa est affecté à Genève, en Suisse, pour établir la mission du Lesotho auprès de l'Office des Nations Unies à Genève et d'autres organisations internationales.

En 2003, il quitte le service des affaires étrangères du Lesotho et rejoint le Centre pour le commerce en Afrique australe à Gaborone, au Botswana, en tant que conseiller régional en matière de politique commerciale, en se concentrant sur la mise en œuvre du protocole commercial de la Communauté de développement de l'Afrique australe. En 2005, il a été nommé conseiller du Directeur Général de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce, Pascal Lamy basé à Genève, Suisse.

Setipa Setipa a quitté Genève en décembre 2011 pour occuper le poste de directeur général de la Lesotho National Development Corporation de janvier 2012 à mai 2014.

Carrière politique
La carrière politique de Setipa a commencé en 2014 lorsqu'il s'est présenté au parlement en tant que candidat du Congrès du Lesotho pour la démocratie lors des élections générales de 2015 pour la circonscription de Maseru Central.

Ministre du commerce et de l'industrie (2015-2017)
De 2015 à 2017, Setipa a occupé le poste de ministre du Commerce et de l'industrie pour le gouvernement du Lesotho.

En 2017, à la suite des élections anticipées au Lesotho, qui ont vu le gouvernement de coalition dirigé par le Premier ministre Pakalitha Mosisili perdre les élections, Setipa a rejoint la Banque mondiale à Washington DC en tant que consultant travaillant sur un projet de facilitation du commerce régional pour la Communauté économique des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest.

Directeur général, Banque de technologie des Nations unies pour les pays les moins avancés (2018 à ce jour)
En novembre 2018, Setipa a été annoncé comme le premier directeur général de la toute nouvelle Banque de technologie des Nations unies pour les pays les moins avancés, dont le siège se trouve à Gebze, en Turquie.

Autres activités

 Directeur non exécutif et membre du comité d'audit et de risque de la Standard Lesotho Bank (2012-2015)
 Directeur non exécutif et membre du comité d'audit et de risque, Letseng Diamonds (2012-2015)
 Président, Lesotho Road Fund (2012-2015)
 Président du comité de l'OMC sur l'accès aux marchés (2002-2003)
 Président du Comité des obstacles techniques au commerce de l'OMC (2001-2002)
 Président du Comité des sauvegardes de l'OMC (1999-2000)

Famille
En 1997, Setipa a épousé Khairul Naimah Setipa et ils ont deux filles et un fils.

Références

Fonctionnaire des Nations unies
Naissance en avril 1969
Naissance au Lesotho
Personnalité politique lésothienne
Étudiant de l'université nationale du Lesotho
Étudiant de l'université nationale australienne

Joshua Phoho Setipa


Le commandement opérationnel sud (en , abrégé en  ; numéro d'unité militaire А2393) est une subdivision territoriale de l'Armée de terre ukrainienne.

Le commandement opérationnel sud couvre les oblasts de Vinnytsia, d'Odessa, de Kirovohrad, de Mykolaïv, de Kherson ainsi que la Crimée (théoriquement, car occupée par la Russie depuis 2014).

Historique
Le commandement opérationnel méridionale (), créée en  est basé sur le , reprenant le territoire de l'ancien district militaire d'Odessa ; il a son quartier-général à Odessa. En , il prend le nom de commandement opérationnel sud.

Avant  et la création du commandement opérationnel est, il s'étendait aussi sur les oblasts de Dnipropetrovsk, de Zaporijjia, de Kharkiv, de Louhansk et de Donetsk.

Composition

Unités de combat :
  , à Kryvyï Rih (caserne du temps de paix) ;
  , à Odessa ;
   (commandant : colonel Youri Madyar), à Tchornomorske ;
   à Tchornomorske ;
   à Berdytchiv ;
  , à Odessa ;
   (commandant : colonel Ivanov Ihor Vyacheslavovych) à Melitopol ;
   (colonel Bakulin Oleksandr Oleksandrovych) à Kropyvnytskyï ;
   (colonel ) à Haïssyn ;
   ;
   à Hushchyntsi ;
 .

Unités de soutien :
 , à  ;
   à  ;
  , à Odessa ;
  , à  ;
  ;
 , à Odessa ;
   à Mykolaïv ;
 , à Balta ;
  ;
 commissariats militaires.

Unités n'appartenant pas à l'Armée de terre, mais pouvant passer sous son commandement opérationnel :
 Force aérienne :
   ;
   (colonel ) ;
  , à Odessa ;
   (colonel Valentyn Petrouchenko), à Pervomaïsk ;
  , à Kherson ;
 Forces d'opérations spéciales :
  Centre est d'opérations spéciales, à Kropyvnytskyï ;
  , à Otchakiv ;
  , à Odessa ;
 Forces d'assaut aérien :
  , à Mykolaïv ;
  , à Droujkivka ;
 Corps de marine :
  , à  ;
  , à Mykolaïv ;
   ;
   ;
  , à Mykolaïv ;
  , à Altestove ;
  , à Skadovsk ;
 Force de défense territoriale :
   « Vinnytsia » ;
   « Kirovohrad » ;
   « Odessa » ;
   « Mykolaïv » ;
   Kherson » ;
   « ville d'Odessa ».

Commandement
 - : Oleksandr Zatinaïko
 - : Grigory Pedtchenko
 - : Ivan Svyda
 - : général Petro Lytvyn
  : Іhоr Fedorov, intérim
 - : Anatoly Sirotenko
 - : général  Andriy Hryshchenko
 - : général Oleh VichnivskYi
 - : général Ihor Palahniouk
  : général Andriy Kovaltchouk

Notes et références

Articles connexes

Guerre russo-ukrainienne
Invasion de l'Ukraine par la Russie en 2022
Forces armées de l'Ukraine

Commandement opérationnel sud


DASK kısaltmasını kullanan kurumlar:
 Doğal Afet Sigortaları Kurumu, Zorunlu Deprem Sigortası poliçelerini yöneten resmi kurulum.
 Doğa Araştırmaları, Sporları ve Kurtarma Derneği, Ankara merkezli doğa etkinlikleri derneği.

DASK


La última cena (título original en inglés, The Last Supper) es una ópera con música de Harrison Birtwistle y un libreto en inglés de Robin Blaser.  Birtwistle compuso la música en 1998-1999.  El estreno mundial se produjo en la Ópera Estatal de Berlín el 18 de abril de 2000, en una producción dirigida por Martin Duncan y con Daniel Barenboim dirigiendo la orquesta.  Posteriormente se representó por la Glyndebourne Touring Opera el 30 de noviembre de 2000.

Esta ópera rara vez se representa en la actualidad; en las estadísticas de Operabase aparece con sólo 4 representaciones en el período 2005-2010, siendo la ópera más representada de Harrison Birtwistle.

Argumento
La historia es una narración contemporánea de la historia de "La última cena". Implica a un personaje (El fantasma) que representa al público. El fantasma invita a Jesucristo y a sus discípulos a cenar. El drama posterior yuxtapone lo viejo y lo nuevo, lo judío y lo cristiano para suscitar preguntas sobre el mito/historia de la última cena y su significado en un contexto moderno. La ópera termina en el Jardín de los Oivos con Jesucristo preguntando "¿A quién seguís?" y luego canta un gallo.

Referencias

Viking Opera Guide ed. Holden (Viking, 1993)

Enlaces externos

 Página de Boosey & Hawkes sobre la ópera
 Matthew Rogers, artículo en línea sobre la representación de esta ópera en Glyndebourne

Óperas de Harrison Birtwistle
Óperas de 2000
Óperas en inglés
Óperas estrenadas en Berlín
La Última Cena
Jesús de Nazaret en la música

La última cena (ópera)


Beretta se poate referi la:
Beretta, cântec de Carla's Dreams
Fabbrica d'Armi Pietro Beretta, producător italian de arme

Beretta


Karakol Cemiyeti, Mütareke döneminde Osmanlı istihbarat örgütü.

İstanbul'un işgalinde sonra millî uyanışın başlaması ile kişiler kendi kendilerine çeşitli örgütler kurmuştur. Bu örgütlerin birisi de 'Karakol' örgütüdür. Bu örgüt ve diğer örgütlerin birleşmesi ile bugünkü Millî İstihbarat Teşkilatı (MİT) kurulmuştur.

I. Dünya Savaşı'ndan sonra İstanbul'un işgali sırasında (5 Şubat 1919'da) kurulmuştur. Kara Kemal ve Kara Vasıf tarafından kurulan ve yönetilen cemiyet, Millî Mücadele'ye yardım etmek için, Anadolu'ya silah ve asker kaçırmıştır. Karakol adı da bu iki kurucu idari üyenin isminden gelmektedir.

Mütareke döneminin ilk gizli direniş ve istihbarat grubudur. 1918 Ekim sonları veya Kasım başlarında Talât Paşa'nın direktifi ile kurulan cemiyetin kurucuları arasında, Kurmay Albay Kara Vâsıf, Emekli Yüzbaşı Bahâ Said, Albay Galatalı Şevket ve Yenibahçeli Şükrü Beyler gibi İttihatçı kişiler bulunmakta idi. Kısa zamanda örgütlenme çalışmalarını tamamlayan Karakol Cemiyeti'nin Millî Mücadele'ye yaptığı en büyük hizmet, İstanbul'dan Anadolu'ya silah ve cephane ile subayların kaçırılmasını sağlaması, İngiliz Muhipleri Cemiyeti gibi kuruluşların planlarını ve faaliyetlerini Mustafa Kemal Paşa'ya haber vermesi olmuştur. Ancak Cemiyet, Bolşevikler ile gizli ilişkilere girmesi ve kendi başına Millî Mücadele'ye sahiplenme çalışmalarında bulunması sebepleriyle Anadolu Ordusu kadrosuna alınmamış, 16 Mart 1920 tarihinde İstanbul'un İtilaf Devletleri tarafından işgali sırasında da liderlerinin tutuklanmaları ile büyük bir darbe yemiş ve son olarak da Erzurum ve Sivas Kongreleri'nin kararlarını uygulamak için seçilen Heyet-i Temsiliye'nin emri üzerine faaliyetlerine son verilmiştir.

Cemiyet hakkında detaylar
Düşman gemileri 13 Kasım 1918'de artık İstanbul limanlarında demirlemiş durumdadır. 15 Mayıs 1919'da düşman İzmir'dedir. Halk bıkkın, yılgın, kararsız, Osmanlı Saltanatı aciz, belki ondan da vahimi düşmanla anlaşma yollarını aramaktadır. İngilizler ile onları destekleyen veya onların desteklediği gizli servisler askerlerin gidemediği yerlerde, İstanbul merkezli bir harekât ile Anadolu'da Osmanlı'dan kalan her karış toprak parçasında bir işgal ve nüfuz kavgasına girişmişlerdir. İttihatçı ve Teşkilat-ı Mahsusacı avı başlatılmıştır. Türk kurum, kuruluşları işletilmez hale getirilmiştir, korunmak gerekmektedir. Çareyi İttihatçılar ile Teşkilat-ı Mahsusacılar birlikte bulurlar. Ortak düşmana karşı ortak mücadele verilecektir. Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa'nın son başkanı Hüsamettin Ertürk'ün de içinde bulunduğu yeni bir örgüt kurulacaktır. Örgütün kuruluşundan ülkeden kaçan Enver, Cemal ve Talat Paşalar haberdardır. Talat Paşa'nın da oluruyla İttihatçıların ünlü iaşe nazırı Kara Kemal ile Kurmay Albay Kara Vasıf Bey ilk görüşmeleri yaparlar. Daha sonra yeni örgütün kurulması için yapılan çalışmalarda bir öncü daha belirlenir. Bu kişi Karadeniz Boğaz Komutanı Galatalı Şevket Bey'dir. Yeni örgütün kuruluş toplantısı 5 Şubat 1919 tarihinde Avukat Refik İsmail Bey'in Sultanhamam'daki yazıhanesinde yapılır. Toplantıda Galatalı Şevket Bey örgütün başkanlığına seçilir. Örgütün adı Baha Sait Bey'in isteği üzerine Kara Vasıf Bey ve Kara Kemal Beyler'in adından esinlenilerek Karakol olarak belirlenir. Örgüt öncelikle İttihatçılara ve Teşkilat-ı Mahsusacılara karşı girişilen saldırılara karşı koyacaktır. Ancak bu yapılanma giderek genişler. Bireysel savunmanın yerini Anadolu'nun düşmandan kurtarılması için genel bir karşı koyuş alır. Burada örgüt, Karadeniz kıyıları, Ege ve Doğu Anadolu'da güçlü bir şekilde örgütlenir. Bu örgütlenme adeta İttihatçıların yeni bir yapılanmasıdır. İstanbul ve Anadolu'da halk üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarda, işgal kuvvetlerine karşı konulması gerektiği vurgulanır. Türk kökenli en büyük istihbarat gücü olan Karakol Cemiyeti'nin kuruluş şeması ve çalışmaları şöyledir:
 Kurucusu ve başkanı: Albay Kara Vasıf.
 Yönetim kurulu üyeleri: Albay Galatalı Şevket, Yarbay Kemalettin Sami Gökçe, Yarbay Edip Servet Tör, Baha Sait, Kara Kemal, Binbaşı Ali Rıza, Binbaşı Ali Çetinkaya, Üsküdar Grubu Başkanı Yenibahçeli Şükrü Oğuz, Topkapı Grubu Başkanı Yarbay Hüsamettin Ertürk (sonra Albay), İslam Kadınlar Birliği Başkanı Naciye Faha Hanım sayılabilecek başlıca isimlerdir.
 Başlıca müfrezeler ve önde gelen adlar: Yahya Kaptan, Küçük Arslan, Büyük Arslan, İpsiz Recep, Bulgar Sadık, Dayko, Yüzbaşı Nail, Yalovalı İbo, Gebzeli Rıfat Kaptan, Kuşçubaşı Eşref önde gelen isimler olarak sayılabilir.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Türk istihbaratı
 Milli İstihbarat Teşkilatı
 Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda istihbarat
Türk istihbarat teşkilatları
Karakol Cemiyeti
1918'de Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda kurulan oluşumlar
1919'da kurulan oluşumlar
1926'da feshedilmiş oluşumlar

Karakol Cemiyeti


El buco durmilí  o durmilí (Argentina, Paraguay) (Nystalus maculatus), es una especie de ave galbuliforme perteneciente al género Nystalus que integra la familia Bucconidae. Es nativo de América del Sur.

Distribución y hábitat
Se encuentra en Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil y Paraguay.
Vive en la caatinga, los cerrados y en el bosque seco bajo, a menos de 1.300 m de altitud.

Descripción
Mide 18 a 20 cm de longitud y pesa 44 g. Tiene pico anaranjado vivo y ojo amarillo. El dorso es pardo con líneas ocres. La cabeza es fusca, con un collar amarillo anaranjado y una mancha del mismo color en el pecho; el resto del pecho y el vientre son blancuzcos, con estrías negras (la subespecie striatipectus) o salpicados con grandes puntos negros hasta los flancos (la subespecie maculatus).

Comportamiento
Solo o en pareja, posa en locales abiertos y suele permitir gran aproximación. Puede ocurrir junto con el chacurú (Nystalus chacuru) que es menos forestal.

Alimentación
Se alimenta de insectos, arácnidos y vertebrados pequeños, que captura en el suelo o en la vegetación.

Reproducción
Para anidar, cava un túnel de hasta 1 m de largo, al final del cual hace una cámara, en la cual la hembra pone 2 o 3 huevos. La entrada del túnel es camuflada con material vegetal y tierra. La pareja se turna para cuidar del nido, incubar los huevos y alimentar a los pichones.

Vocalización
El canto es un "siuí siuí so-ó" fuerte y oído de lejos, a veces en dúo.

Sistemática

Descripción original
La especie N. maculatus fue descrita por primera vez por el naturalista alemán Johann Friedrich Gmelin en 1788 bajo el nombre científico Alcedo maculata; localidad tipo «Ceará, Brasil».

Taxonomía
La subespecie striatipectus puede ser una especie separada, con base en la morfología, pero las vocalizaciones son aparentemente similares; más estudios son necesarios en zona de probable contacto en el Pantanal. El Congreso Ornitológico Internacional (IOC) (versión 4.3, 2014) y el Comité Brasileño de Registros Ornitológicos (CBRO) reconocen la especie plena Nystalus striatipectus con base en el concepto filogenético de especie, siguiendo a Silva (1990); lo que no es así reconocido por el South American Classification Committee.
La subespecie propuesta parvirostris (centro de Brasil) no es confiablemente separable de la nominal; pallidigula (suroeste de Brasil) es sinónimo de striatipectus, mostrando diferencias menores, aparentemente clinales.

Subespecies
Según la clasificación Clements Checklist 6.9, se reconocen dos subespecies con su correspondiente distribución geográfica:

 Nystalus maculatus maculatus (Gmelin), 1788 - noreste y centro de Brasil (hasta el suroeste de Mato Grosso).
 Nystalus maculatus striatipectus (Sclater, PL), 1854 - centro sur y sureste de Bolivia (Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz) y centro sur de Brasil (oeste de Mato Grosso do Sul) hacia el sur hasta el centro y oeste de Paraguay y noroeste de Argentina (al sur hasta Córdoba).

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Videos, fotos y sonidos de Nystalus maculatus en The Internet Bird Collection.
 Fotos y sonidos de Nystalus maculatus en Wikiaves.
 Sonidos y mapa de dostribución de Nystalus maculatus en xeno-canto.
 Spot-backed Puffbird photo gallery VIREO
 Spot-backed Puffbird Nystalus maculatus; arthurgrosset.

maculatus
Aves de América del Sur
Animales descritos en 1788
Taxones descritos por Johann Friedrich Gmelin

Nystalus maculatus


Débora Lima Falabella (Belo Horizonte, 22 de febrero de 1979) es una actriz brasileña, conocida por sus trabajos en cine, televisión y teatro.

Ha protagonizado telenovelas de Rede Globo como Niña moza y Avenida Brasil y tuvo actuaciones destacadas en El clon, Señora del destino, Dos caras y Escrito en las estrellas.

Primeros años

Nació en la ciudad de Belo Horizonte, en el estado de Minas Gerais. Es hija del actor de teatro Rogério Falabella, quien por mucho años trabajó para la cadena televisiva TV Italcolomi —ahora desaparecida— y de la cantante lírica María Olympia. Desde pequeña mostró interés por la actuación y empezó a participar en obras de teatro. A los catorce años tuvo su primera intervención actoral de manera profesional en la obra Flicts, del escritor Ziraldo.

En su adolescencia continuó la actuación en diversas obras dramáticas y fue una de las protagonistas de la novela juvenil Chiquititas, motivo por el cual vivió un tiempo en Argentina para el rodaje de la historia.

Carrera artística

Tras cumplir la mayoría de edad ingresó a la universidad para estudiar Publicidad, pero abandonó la carrera por la llegada de mejores ofertas. En un casting de actores mineros consiguió un contrato con la cadena televisiva de Brasil, Rede Globo, en una de las temporadas de la serie juvenil Malhação de 1998. Por esta razón se trasladó a Río de Janeiro, y eventualmente, participó en tres capítulos de la miniserie Mulher de 1999. Después de culminar la grabación de Mulher volvió a su ciudad natal para seguir actuando en teatro.

En 2001 empezó a trabajar en la telenovela Un ángel cayó del cielo de Rede Globo, donde interpretó a Cuca. Posteriormente fue convocada para formar parte del elenco principal de la telenovela El clon, y a pesar de estar entre actores conocidos, la joven actriz llamó la atención por su actuación en el rol de la ingenua Mel, y le valió el premio como mejor actriz revelación en el Domingão do Faustão.

Falabella también se destaca por sus intervenciones en películas como Françoise donde fue premiada como mejor actriz en los Festivales de Gramado y Brasilia, además recibe una mención honrosa en el Festival de Río BR 2001; Dois Perdidos numa Noite Suja, una película de 2002 dirigida por José Joffily, por la que ganó premios a la mejor actriz en los Cinema Brasil y los Candango Trophy; 2003 Lisbela e o Prisioneiro, 2004 Cazuza, ese mismo año también protagonizó la comedia romántica, junto al actor Rodrigo Santoro, A Dona da História, del director Daniel Filho.

En 2006 protagoniza la novela nominada al Emmy Niña moza y la miniserie JK,  también trabaja en la película 5 Mentiras. 2007 el director Daniel Filho, la llama de nuevo para que protagonice la cinta Primo Basilio, donde de nuevo Débora destaca en la actuación.

En 2011, interpreta a Clarisse uno de los personajes principales, en la serie ganadora a los premios Emmy, la mujer invisible, y protagoniza de nuevo junto Santoro las cintas, Meu País y Homens de Bem.

En 2012 regresa de nuevo en las telenovelas, protagonizando con Cauã Reymond la producción televisiva más exitosa Avenida Brasil, y obtiene varias nominaciones como mejor actriz protagónica. En 2014 interpreta a Ray la novia de un asesino en serie, que padece un trastorno llamado borderline, en Ojos sin culpa de la autora Gloria Pérez, también se destaca interpretando a Julieta en la tercera temporada de la serie As canalhas del canal GNT. 2016 protagoniza Nada será como antes  y la película O filho eterno, 2017 es la villana Irene en Querer sin límites, donde gana el premio a mejor actriz de reparto en los Domingão do Faustão, y protagoniza la película O beijo no asfalto.

En 2018 trabaja en la miniserie nominada al Emmy
Se eu fechar os olhos agora, 2019 es la periodista y activista Natalie en la serie Aruanas. 2021 Interpreta a Dani en la película Después dicen que la loca soy yo, estrenada en Amazon prime video. 2022 Protagoniza junto al actor Argentino Dario Grandinetti, el filme La Residencia.

Vida privada
En 2005 se casó con Eduardo Hipolitho (más conocido como Chuck), vocalista de la banda Forgotten Boys y tuvieron una hija llamada Nina. Cinco años después se separaron. En 2012 se reencontró con el actor Murilo Benício, con quien había trabajado en la telenovela El clon, e inició un noviazgo al final de la telenovela Avenida Brasil y se terminó en el 2019.

Filmografía

Televisión

Cine

Teatro

Premios y nominaciones

 2001: Mejor actriz en el festival Premiere Brasil por Françoise.
 2001: Mejor actriz de cortometraje en el festival Golden Kikito por Françoise.
 2001: Mejor actriz de cortometraje en los premios Candango Trophy por Françoise.
 2001: Revelación del año en el premio Domingão Faustão por El clon.
 2002: Mejor actriz en los premios Candango Trophy por Dois perdidos numa noite suja.
 2002: Mejor actriz en los Cinema Brazil Grand Prize por Dois perdidos numa noite suja.
 2003: Nominada a la mejor pareja romántica por Agora que são elas.
 2004: Nominada al premio Contigo mejor actriz por Senhora do destino.
 2007: Nominada al premio Contigo mejor actriz por Duas caras.
 2007: Nominada al premio Contigo mejor pareja romántica por Duas caras.
 2012: Nominada al Meus Prêmios Nick actriz favorita por Avenida Brasil.
 2013: Nominada al premio Melhores do Año (TV Globo) como mejor actriz en una telenovela, por Avenida Brasil.
 2013: Nominada al Premio Contigo! de televisión como mejor actriz protagónica por Avenida Brasil.
 2017: Mejor actriz de reparto en los premios Domingão Faustão por Querer sin límites

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Actrices de Brasil
Nacidos en Belo Horizonte
Actores de cine de Brasil
Actores de televisión de Brasil

Débora Falabella


Ṳ̂́ (minuscule : ṳ̂́), appelé U tréma souscrit accent circonflexe accent aigu, est un graphème et une lettre additionnelle de l'alphabet latin utilisée dans l'écriture du kayah. Elle est composée d'un U, d'un tréma souscrit, d'un accent circonflexe et d'un accent aigu.

Représentations informatiques
Le U tréma souscrit accent circonflexe accent aigu peut être représenté avec les caractères Unicode suivants :
 précomposé (latin étendu additionnel, diacritiques) :

 décomposé et normalisé NFD (latin de base, diacritiques) :

Voir aussi
 Alphabet latin
 U (lettre)
 Tréma souscrit
 Accent circonflexe
 Accent aigu

Lettre U diacritée
Lettre latine comportant un accent circonflexe
Lettre latine comportant un accent aigu
Lettre latine comportant un tréma souscrit

Ṳ̂́


The English mezzo-soprano Carolyn Watkinson (born 19 March 1949) is a singer of baroque music. Her voice is alternately characterized as mezzo-soprano and contralto.

Watkinson was born in Preston and studied at the Royal Manchester College of Music and in The Hague. In 1978 she sang Rameau's Phèdre (Hippolyte et Aricie) at the English Bach Festival at London's Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. In 1979 she appeared as Monteverdi's Nero (L'incoronazione di Poppea) with De Nederlandse Opera in Amsterdam. Also in 1979 she was featured as the contralto soloist in Christopher Hogwood's landmark recording of Handel's Messiah, with the Academy of Ancient Music.

In 1981 Watkinson made her La Scala debut in the title role of Ariodante and sang Rossini's Rosina (Il barbiere di Siviglia) in Stuttgart. She appeared as Gluck's Orfeo (Orfeo ed Euridice) with the Glyndebourne Touring Opera in 1982, and made her formal debut at Glyndebourne as Cherubino (Mozart's Le Nozze di Figaro) in 1984.

1987 Watkinson toured Australia. She was a soloist in Bach's St. John Passion at Gloucester Cathedral in a performance shown on BBC TV on Good Friday in 1989. In 1990, she appeared as Dido in Purcell's Dido and Aeneas at the Salerno Cathedral and sang Nero at the Innsbruck Festival of Early Music.

Recordings
Baroque Opera Recital: Carolyn Watkinson with Jan de Vriend and Amsterdam Bach Soloists. Arias by Purcell, Handel and Gluck. EtCetera Records ETC 1064
Recital at Wigmore Hall, Bizet, Brahms, Berg, Dvorak and Ives: Carolyn Watkinson with Tan Crone. Arias by Bizet, Brahms, Berg, Dvorak and Ives. EtCetera Records ETC 1007
Bach: Weihnachtsoratorium BWV 248 with Barbara Schlick, Kurt Equiluz, Michel Brodard. Ensemble De Lausanne, dir M Corboz.  Warner Classics, Catalog 686217
Agostino Steffani: Duetti da camera with John Elwes, Paul Eswood and Daniella Mazzucato.  Alan Cutis and Wouter Wouter Möller.  Archiv, Catalog: 437083-2
Handel: Aci, Galatea e Polifemo with Emma Kirkby and David Thomas.  London Baroque, dir Charles Medlam.  Harmonia Mundi France, Catalog: HMC901253.54
Handel: Rinaldo Performers:  Jeanette Scovotti, Ileana Cotrubas, Carolyn Watkinson, Paul Esswood and others.  La Grande Ecurie et la Chambre du Roy, dir. Jean-Claude Malgoire. Sony, Catalog: 7576412
Handel: Serse Performers:  Paul Esswood, Carolyn Watkinson, Barbara Hendricks and others. La Grande Ecurie et la Chambre du Roy, dir. Jean-Claude Malgoire.  Sony, Catalog: 752724
Collectors Edition - Handel: Oratorios Performers:  Emma Kirkby, Carolyn Watkinson, Judith Nelson, Paul Elliott, David Thomas and others.  Christopher Hogwood, Academy of Ancient Music, Christ Church Cathedral Choir, Oxford New College Choir. Decca, Catalog: 000529602
Handel: Messiah Performers:  Emma Kirkby, Paul Elliott, Carolyn Watkinson, David Thomas and others.  Christopher Hogwood, Academy of Ancient Music, Christ Church Cathedral Choir. L'Oiseau Lyre, Catalog: 430488
Handel: Alexander's Feast Performers:  Ashley Stafford, Carolyn Watkinson, Donna Brown, Nigel Robson and others.  John Eliot Gardiner, English Baroque Soloists, Monteverdi Choir. Philips, Catalog: 000852702
Handel: Solomon Performers:  Carolyn Watkinson, Anthony Rolfe Johnson, Nancy Argenta, Barbara Hendricks and others.  John Eliot Gardiner, English Baroque Soloists, Monteverdi Choir. Philips, Catalog: 000667002
Bach: Cantatas Bwv 206, 215 Performers:  Carolyn Watkinson, Edith Mathis, Peter Schreier, Siegfried Lorenz and others.  Berlin Soloists, Berlin Chamber Orchestra, dir Peter Schreier.  Berlin Classics, Catalog: 2422
Bach: Zerreisset Bwv 205, Vereinigte Zwieracht Bwv 207 Performers:  Carolyn Watkinson, Edith Mathis, Peter Schreier, Siegfried Lorenz and others.  Berlin Soloists, Berlin Chamber Orchestra, dir Peter Schreier.  Berlin Classics, Catalog: 2392
Bach: Mass in B Minor Highlights Performers:  Carolyn Watkinson, Edith Mathis, Peter Schreier, Siegfried Lorenz and others.  Berlin Soloists, Berlin Chamber Orchestra, dir Peter Schreier.  Berlin Classics, Catalog: 4910
Bach: Alto Arias  Performers:  Helen Watts, Carolyn Watkinson, Hildegard Laurich, Julia Hamari and others.  Helmuth Rilling, Stuttgart Bach Collegium. Hänssler Classic, Catalog: 98243
Bach: Magnificat Performers:  Paul Elliott, Carolyn Watkinson, Emma Kirkby, David Thomas and others.  Simon Preston, Christopher Hogwood, Christ Church Cathedral Choir, Academy of Ancient Music. L'oiseau Lyre, Catalog: 443199
Vivaldi: Gloria, Motets, Cantatas Performers:  Emma Kirkby, Carolyn Watkinson, Catherine Bott and others.  Philip Pickett, Christopher Hogwood, Simon Preston, New London Consort, Academy of Ancient Music, Christ Church Cathedral Choir.  L'oiseau Lyre, Catalog: 455727
Purcell: Dido And Aeneas Performers:  George Mosley, Carolyn Watkinson.  John Eliot Gardiner, Monteverdi Choir, English Baroque Soloists. Philips, Catalog: 432114
Monteverdi: Lamento D'arianna, Combattimento  Performers:  Nigel Rogers, Patrizia Kwella, David Thomas, Carolyn Watkinson.  Reinhard Goebel, Musica Antiqua Cologne
Haydn: Masses Performers:  Emma Kirkby, Carolyn Watkinson, Judith Nelson, Shirley Minty, Rogers Covey-Crump and others.  Simon Preston, Academy of Ancient Music, Christ Church Cathedral Choir.  L'oiseau Lyre, Catalog: 455712
Haydn: Arianna, English Canzonettas with Glen Wilson.  Virgin Classics Veritas, Catalog: 91215
Mozart: Requiem Performers:  Emma Kirkby, Anthony Rolfe Johnson, David Thomas, Carolyn Watkinson.  Christopher Hogwood, Academy of Ancient Music, Westminster Cathedral Boys Choir, Academy of Ancient Music Chorus. L'oiseau Lyre, Catalog: 411712
Mozart: Requiem, Exultate Jubilate  Performers:  Judith Blegen, Carolyn Watkinson, Siegfried Jerusalem, Siegmund Nimsgern and others.  Pinchas Zukerman, Helmuth Rilling, Mostly Mozart Festival Orchestra, Gächinger Kantorei Stuttgart, Stuttgart Bach Collegium.  Sony Classical Essential Classics, Catalog: 89849
Prokofiev: Alexander Nevsky, Scythian Suite  with Kurt Masur, Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, Latvian State Choir.  Apex, Catalog: 7487472
Wagner: La Chevauchee Des Walkyries Performers:  Margaretha Hintermeier, Anita Soldh, Silvia Herman, Carolyn Watkinson and others.  Conductor:  Bernard Haitink, Mariss Jansons, Klaus Tennstedt, Otto Klemperer.  Emi Classics, Catalog: 558096
Schmidt: Buch Mit Sieben Siegeln Performers:  Carolyn Watkinson, Peter Schreier, Kurt Rydl, Thomas Moser and others.  Lothar Zagrosek, Austrian Radio Symphony Orchestra, Vienna State Opera Concert Choir.  Orfeo, Catalog: 143862

References
Bach Cantatas biography, accessed 27 January 2010

New York Times review (December 23, 1988), accessed 27 January 2010

1949 births
Living people
20th-century English women singers
20th-century English singers
Musicians from Preston, Lancashire
English opera singers
Operatic mezzo-sopranos
Alumni of the Royal Manchester College of Music
21st-century English women singers
21st-century English singers

Carolyn Watkinson


ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිලන-මැසිමාරා (Eumyias sordida) යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වෙන්නේ මැසිමාරා හෙවත් Muscicapidae කුලයට අයත් කුඩා රිටිලගු පක්ෂියෙකි.

මෙම විශේෂය ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ මධ්‍ය කඳුකරය‍ට ආවේණික නේවාසික අභිජනන පක්ෂියෙකි.

නිලන-මැසිමාරාගේ ව්‍යාප්තිය 600mට වඩා උසින් වැඩි පතනශීලී කඳුකර වනාන්තරවල සිදුවේ. එසේවුව ද 900mට අඩු වනාන්තරවල සුලබ නැත. මොවුන් ප්‍රධාන ප්‍රජනන සමය මාර්තු සහ අප්‍රේල් සමය වේ. නමුත් වර්ෂයේ පසුකාලීනව දෙවන ප්‍රජනන සමයක් ද ඇත.

පාසි ආදිය හොඳින් ගොනුකර කෝප්පාකාර කැදැල්ලක් තනාගනියි. මෙම ස්ථානය බොහෝවිට හොඳින් සෙවණ සහිත ගල් ගැටිත්තක් වැනි ස්ථානයක පිහිටයි.  සාමාන්‍යයෙන් දුඹුරු තිත් සහිත රෝස පැහැ බිත්තර දෙකක් හෝ තුනක් දමයි.

මෙම විශේෂය 15 cm පමණ දිගැති ය. හැඩයෙන් තිත් මැසිමාරාට සමාන අතර ගීයක් වැනි මිහිරි උස් නාදයක් නිකුත් කරයි. පරිණත පක්ෂීන් අළු පැහැයට හුරු නිල් පැහැයක් ගන්නා අතර, උදරය සුදු පැහැයට හුරු ය. පුළුල් කළු හොටය සහ ඇස අතර කළු ලපයක් දක්නට ලැබේ. මෙයට ඉහළින් සහ පහළින් දීප්තිමත් නිල් පැහැයක් දැකගත හැක. ගැහැනු සහ පිරිමි සතුන් පෙනුමින් සමාන නමුත්, ගැහැනු සතුන් මඳක් අඳුරු පැහැති ය.

අපරිණත නිලන-මැසිමාරාවන් දුඹුරු පැහැති අතර, හිසෙහි, පිටිකයෙහි අතිශයින් තිත් සහිත ස්වභාවයකින් යුක්ත ය. ඔවුන්ගේ ලයලා පඬු පැහැති ය. ඔවුන්ගේ පියාසර පිහාටු පුළුල් ලෙස නිල්-අළු පැහැයෙන් මායිම් වී ඇත.

වනාන්තර වාසස්ථානයක ජීවත් වුව ද, දැකගැනීමට සාපේක්ෂව පහසු පක්ෂියෙකි. ප්‍රධාන වශයෙන් පියාඹන කෘමීන්, කුරුමිණියන්, දළඹුවන් සහ අනෙකුත් කෘමීන් මත යපේ. නමුත් ගෙඩි වර්ග ද ආහාරයට ගනියි.

සංස්කෘතිය

මෙම පක්ෂියාගේ රුව ශ්‍රී ලංකා රුපියල් 50 බැංකු නෝට්ටුවේ (2010 මාලාව) දක්නට ලැබේ. ඉංග්‍රීසි බසින් Dull-blue flycatcher  නම්වන මෙම පක්ෂියා ශ්‍රී ලංකා අඳුරු නිල් මැසිමාරා යනුවෙන් ද හැඳින්වේ.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

 Birds of India by Grimmett, Inskipp and Inskipp, ISBN 0-691-04910-6

නිලන-මැසිමාරා
ශ්‍රී ලංකාවට ආවේණික පක්ෂීන්
නිලන-මැසිමාරා

ශ්‍රී ලංකා නිලන-මැසිමාරා


Specijalne snage Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva (eng.: United Kingdom Special Forces, UKSF) je uprava britanskog Ministarstva obrane koja je zadužena za osiguravanje zapovjedništva združenih namjenskih specijalnih snaga. Specijalne snage Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva čini 22. pukovnija specijalne zračne službe (22 SAS), Specijalna pomorska služba (Special Boat Service), Specijalna izvidnička pukovnija (Special Reconnaissance Regiment), Grupa za potporu specijalnih snaga, 18. pukovnija veze, Združeno zrakoplovno krilo specijalnih snaga.

Zapovjednik Specijalnih snaga je ravnatelj specijalnih snaga (Director Special Forces, DSF).

Povijest

Ustroj

 Britanska vojska
 22. pukovnija specijalne zračne službe (22nd Special Air Service Regiment, 22 SAS)
 eskadron A
 eskadron B
 eskadron D
 eskadron G
 Specijalna izvidnička pukovnija (Special Reconnaissance Regiment)
 1. brigada za obavjesti, nadzor i izviđanje (1st Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade)
 21. pukovnija specijalne zračne službe, pričuva (21st Special Air Service Regiment)
 23. pukovnija specijalne zračne službe, pričuva (23rd Special Air Service Regiment)
 Kraljevski zbor veze (Royal Corps of Signals)
 18. pukovnija veze

 Kraljevska ratna mornarica
 Kraljevski Marinci
 Specijalna pomorska služba (Special Boat Service, SBS)
 eskadron C
 eskadron M
 eskadron X
 eskadron Z
 Specijalna pomorska služba, pričuva (Special Boat Service)

 Zajedničke postrojbe
 Grupa za potporu specijalnih snaga (Special Forces Support Group)
 Satnija A
 Satnija B
 Satnija C
 Satnija D
 Satnija F
 Satnija G
 Satnija za potporu (Support Company)
 Združeno zrakoplovno krilo specijalnih snaga (Joint Special Forces Aviation Wing)
 Eskadrila br. 7 (No. 7 Squadron) (Kraljevsko ratno zrakoplovstvo)
 Eskadrila br. 658 (No. 658 Squadron) (Vojni zračni zbor, Britanska vojska)
 47. Eskadrila specijalnih snaga (Special Forces Flight 47 Squadron) (Kraljevsko ratno zrakoplovstvo)

Ravnatelji

Poveznice
 Snage za specijalne operacije (Rusija)
 Zapovjedništvo za specijalne operacije (Francuska)
 Zapovjedništvo za specijalne operacije (SAD)
 Zapovjedništvo specijalnih snaga OSRH

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 YouTube: Britanske specijalne snage

Specijalne snage


An Telipogon pastoanus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Schltr.. An Telipogon pastoanus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Telipogon, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Colombia. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Telipogon

Telipogon pastoanus


9087 Neff este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
9087 Neff este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul Kleť par l'Observatorul Kleť. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,28 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 4,7° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 9001-10000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1995
Centura de asteroizi

9087 Neff


The Battle of Frenchman's Butte, fought on May 28, 1885, occurred when a force of Cree, dug in on a hillside near Frenchman's Butte, was unsuccessfully attacked by the Alberta Field Force. It was fought in what was then the District of Saskatchewan of the North-West Territories.

Background
Members of a band of Cree led by war chief Wandering Spirit, living in what is now central Alberta and Saskatchewan joined the North-West Rebellion of 1885 after the government forces' defeat at the Battle of Duck Lake. The starving fighters seized food and supplies from several white settlements and captured Fort Pitt, taking prisoners. Major-General Thomas Bland Strange, a retired British officer living near Calgary, raised a force of cowboys and other white settlers, added to them two units of North-West Mounted Police (NWMP), and headed north. He was reinforced by three infantry units from the east, bringing his forces to some 1,000 men. While he left some of his force to provide protection for the isolated white settlements along the way, he led several hundred troops east to Fort Pitt. The Cree burnt the fort ahead of him and retreated to the nearby hills. Over the next few days, Strange's scouts fought skirmishes with small groups of Cree and marched over Frenchman's Butte. On the night of May 27, the Cree dug in at the top of a hill east of the butte and waited.

The battle
Early on the morning of May 28, the Cree warriors divided into two groups. Wandering Spirit, the Cree war chief, led some 200 warriors to positions in the trenches and rifle pits, while Little Poplar remained with a second group to protect the camp, some  away. General Strange arrived opposite the Cree position at six in the morning and opened fire with a piece of artillery. The Cree responded, opening fire on Strange's units. Some Canadian troops tried to cross the valley, but they found the bottom covered in muskeg. On top of this, there was a steep, open hillside in front of the Cree, making any frontal assault suicidal. Strange pulled his forces back and deployed them along the bottom of the valley. The two units of NWMP formed the left flank. To their right was the 65th Battalion, Mount Royal Rifles, with the Winnipeg Light Infantry Battalion in the centre, while the right flank was formed by the Alberta Mounted Rifles.

The two sides exchanged fire for three hours. Cree rifle fire wounded some of the Canadian troops in the valley, while the Canadian artillery put holes in the hillside, damaging the trenches. Eventually, General Strange ordered Major Sam Steele to lead the NWMP north and outflank the Cree. The Cree saw this, and Wandering Spirit led a group of warriors along the tops of the hills, parallel to Steele, and occasionally opened fire. This caused the NWMP to believe that the Cree's lines were much longer than they actually were, so Steele turned back. Around the same time, some Cree warriors managed to outflank the Alberta Mounted Rifles and almost captured the supply train. Afraid of being attacked from behind, General Strange ordered his force to retreat. The Canadians withdrew to Fort Pitt after three hours of fighting. The Cree slipped away later that day, initiating the final stage of the rebellion, as more than 1,000 men searched the woods for Big Bear's band.

"On May 29, near Frenchman's Butte Inspector S.B. Steele made contact with an Indian scouting party. Steele's scouts called out to the party and were fired upon. Steele's troops returned fire and killed the first Indian casualty of the war.  They rode down with a friend to view the remains and found his body on top the hill where he evidently had been dragged by the scout. His body was stripped of all clothing with the rope (cut short to about one yard in length) still around his neck, which had cut into his jaw. He was a huge fine-looking Indian, 'Ma-me-book' by name. The scout who had captured his mount (a swift-footed black stallion belonging to the HBCo) had galloped around the prairie with the rope attached to his saddle pommel, trailing the body in the grass in circles, the trails of which were still visible. He had thus been left exposed for days before being buried; and his body from the intense heat, was huge in size when I saw him. I requested to have him buried." H.A. MacKay, memories, HBCo archives and Glenbow Archives.

Conclusion

The battle was a victory for the Cree, albeit a hollow one. It bought them time to escape from Strange, but the rebellion was hopeless. The Métis had been defeated at the Battle of Batoche three weeks earlier, and Poundmaker's joint Cree-Assiniboine force had been forced to surrender. The Big Bear band fell apart during the retreat to the north. The Battle of Loon Lake on June 3 demoralized them further, and by early July the rebellion was over. Big Bear was captured and imprisoned. Wandering Spirit was executed along with seven others. General Strange retired back to his ranch and the Alberta Field Force disbanded.

Legacy
In the spring of 2008, Tourism, Parks, Culture and Sport Minister Christine Tell proclaimed in Duck Lake, that "the 125th commemoration, in 2010, of the 1885 Northwest Resistance is an excellent opportunity to tell the story of the prairie Métis and First Nations peoples' struggle with Government forces and how it has shaped Canada today".

Frenchman Butte is a national historic site of Canada, which locates the theatre of the 1885 battle staged between Cree and Canadian troops.

See also
 List of battles won by Indigenous peoples of the Americas

References

Frenchman's Butte
Frenchman Butte No. 501, Saskatchewan
Frenchman's Butte
Frenchman's Butte
Frenchman's Butte
1885 in Canada
May 1885 events
1885 in Saskatchewan

Battle of Frenchman's Butte


حمى ليلة السبت  هو عنوان فيلم تم تصويره عام 1977 قام ببطولته الممثل العالمي جون ترافولتا.

قصته
يصف الفيلم أحوال أحد احياء نيويورك وتأثرها بفن الديسكو الرائج في تلك الحقبة ويقوم ترافولتا بدور فتى عشريني يجيد الرقص. وقد ساعد الفيلم على رواج فن الديسكو بشكل كبيير.

وصلات خارجية

أفلام الأرشيف الوطني الأمريكي السينمائي
أفلام أمريكية
أفلام أمريكية في عقد 1970
أفلام إنتاج 1977
أفلام باراماونت بيكتشرز
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية
أفلام باللغة الإنجليزية في عقد 1970
أفلام باللغة الإيطالية في عقد 1970
أفلام بلوغ سن الرشد الأمريكية
أفلام تقع أحداثها في بروكلين
أفلام دراما أمريكية
أفلام دراما إنتاج عقد 1970
أفلام دراما رومانسية أمريكية
أفلام درامية في 1977
أفلام رقص أمريكية
أفلام رقص عقد 1970
أفلام سجلها ديفيد شاير
أفلام عن الاغتصاب
أفلام عن الأسر المفككة
أفلام عن الصداقة
أفلام عن ثقافة أمريكية إيطالية
أفلام كتب نصها السينمائي نورمان ويكسلر
أفلام مبنية على رواية خيالية قصيرة
أفلام مصورة في مدينة نيويورك
أفلام من إخراج جون بادهام
جنس غريزي في الأفلام
موسيقى ديسكو

حمى ليلة السبت (فيلم)


Vernonia appariciana é uma espécie de planta do gênero Vernonia e da família Asteraceae.

Taxonomia
A espécie foi descrita em 1954 por Graziela Barroso.

Conservação
A espécie faz parte da Lista Vermelha das espécies ameaçadas do estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista foi publicada em 13 de junho de 2005 por intermédio do decreto estadual nº 1.499-R.

Asteraceae
Vernonia
Plantas descritas em 1954
Flora do Brasil
Flora do Espírito Santo (estado)

Vernonia appariciana


An Oberonia gigantea in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Noriaki Fukuyama. An Oberonia gigantea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Oberonia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Oberonia

Oberonia gigantea


La demora (Spanisch für Die Verzögerung) ist ein uruguayischer Film aus dem Jahr 2012, der eine Coproduktion mit Mexiko und Frankreich ist. Es ist der sechste Film des Regisseurs Rodrigo Plá, der eine Kurzgeschichte Laura Santullos adaptiert. La demora beschäftigt sich mit den Herausforderungen, die die Pflege eines Demenzkranken an die Familie stellt. Die Näherin María pflegt ihren Vater zu Hause, setzt ihn dann aber in ihrer Verzweiflung aus. Der Film hatte während der 62. Berlinale am 10. Februar 2012 seine Weltpremiere.

Handlung
Die Näherin María lebt mit ihren drei Kindern und ihrem Vater Agustín, der an Demenz erkrankt ist und von ihr gepflegt werden muss, in einer kleinen Wohnung in Montevideo. Sie hat finanzielle Sorgen und ist mit der Pflege neben ihrem Job überfordert. Während sie arbeitet und die Kinder in der Schule sind, verlässt Agustín die Wohnung, um sein altes Haus zu besuchen. Als María nach Hause kommt, muss sie ihn im Regen suchen gehen. Er wird jedoch von einem alten Freund der Familie zurückgebracht, der auch an María Interesse zeigt. Da ihr die Situation über den Kopf zu wachsen droht, geht sie mit ihrem Vater zum Sozialamt, um einen Heimplatz zu beantragen. Der Beamte sagt ihr jedoch, dass sie für diesen Platz nicht bedürftig genug sind und es für ihren Vater besser wäre, von der Familie betreut zu werden. Auf dem Rückweg besuchen die beiden Marías Schwester auf deren Arbeit, damit María diese bitten kann, den Vater aufzunehmen. Nachdem die Schwester abgelehnt hat, geht María aufgeregt und schnell durch die Straßen, so dass Agustín kaum folgen kann. Als er sie bittet, eine Pause zu machen, lässt sie ihn auf einer Bank Platz nehmen, während sie Wasser kaufen möchte. Anstatt ihn abzuholen, geht sie dann aber nach Hause. Dort erklärt sie ihren Kindern, ihr Großvater sei bereits im Altenheim und es gehe ihm gut. Dann schickt sie die Kinder einkaufen, damit sie beim Notruf anrufen kann, um ihren Vater zu melden, so dass er in ein Heim gebracht werden kann. Als zwei Sozialarbeiter ihn aber auf seiner Bank aufsuchen, will er nicht mitgehen, damit er María nicht verpasst. So bleibt er auf seinem Platz, während es Abend und immer kühler wird. Eine Nachbarin redet ihm gut zu und möchte ihn in eine Notunterkunft fahren, aber Agustín lässt sich nicht darauf ein. Abends möchte María die Habseligkeiten ihres Vaters in das Heim bringen, aber findet ihn dort nicht vor. Sie gesteht, was sie getan hat, und bekommt von der Mitarbeiterin eine Liste der Altenheime der Stadt, so dass sie ihren Vater dort suchen kann. María ruft den Freund an, der ihren Vater nach Hause gebracht hat, damit er sie fahren kann. Gemeinsam suchen sie die Heime auf, finden Agustín aber nicht. Zum Schluss lässt sich María zu dem Platz fahren, wo sie Agustín ausgesetzt hat und findet ihn dort wieder. Sie führt diesen zum Auto. Damit endet der Film.

Hintergrund
Die Produktion von La demora kostete 1,4 Millionen Dollar. Die Produktionsgesellschaft war Lulú Producciones in Mexiko-Stadt, als Produzent trat zudem der Regisseur Rodrigo Plá auf. Als Coproduzenten traten Memento Films Production aus Paris und Malbicho Cine aus Montevideo auf. Memento Films Production übernahm zudem den Weltvertrieb von La demora. Am 10. Februar 2012 feierte der Film auf der 62. Berlinale, wo er in der Sektion Forum lief, seine Weltpremiere.

Plá nutzte für den Dreh das Cinemascope-Verfahren, füllte die Weite der Bilder jedoch nicht unnötig, sondern isoliert seine Figuren im Raum. La demora ist insgesamt in braun-grünen Farbtönen gehalten und folgt einer realistischen Ästhetik. Plá beschreibt mit der Kamera die Handlungen der Personen und dokumentiert diese, er beschreibt, interpretiert oder analysiert diese aber nicht.

Kritiken
Lukas Foerster rezensierte La demora für Perlentaucher mit einer insgesamt positiven Tonlage. Für ihn "verweigert der Film die Gesprächstherapie des Wohlfühl-Arthauskinos genauso konsequent wie die 'sich gegenseitig anschweige'-Exzesse des Entfremdungskitsch-Arthauskinos." Für The Hollywood Reporter beurteilte Neil Young den Film. Er beurteilte den Film als "powerfully atmospheric third feature" Plás. Er führt aus: "Evoking a range of working-class Montevideo settings — both exterior and interior — via skilled cinematography and sound design, this slow-paced, claustrophobic nightmare is strong on mood and ambience but is let down by some questionable screenplay developments in the second half." Young kritisiert Schwächen im Buch. Er verstehe nicht, wieso María so irrational handelt und nicht früher an dem Platz sucht, an dem sie ihren Vater ausgesetzt hat. Aber diesen Kritikpunkt macht er nicht zu stark, sondern kommt zu dem Schluss, dass "... even if Maria's actions feel more the result of scriptwriting contrivance than organic character development, Pla and his collaborators have crafted a pungently textured environment in which we're deeply immersed."

Auszeichnungen
Der Film erhielt 2012 eine Einladung in die Sektion Forum der Internationalen Filmfestspiele Berlin. Im Rahmen des Filmfestivals wurde La demora mit dem Preis der Ökumenischen Jury in dieser Sektion sowie dem Leserpreis des Tagesspiegels ausgezeichnet.

Literatur
 Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin (Hrsg.): 62. Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin. Berlin 2012, .

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Filmtitel 2012
Mexikanischer Film
Uruguayischer Film

La demora


شبكة إبر مصفوفة متداخلة  وهو نوع من تقنية شبكة إبر مصفوفة حيث تكون الإبر الموجودة على وحدة المعالجة المركزية متداخلة, أي بين كل أربع إبر مصفوفة بشكل مربع يوجد إبرة إضافية في الوسط, أو بوجهة نظر أخرى تصبح كل أربع إبر مصفوفة بشكل مربع مائل. وهو يستخدم عند الحاجة إلى زيادة عدد الإبر على شبكة الإبر مصفوف من دون زيادة حجم وحدة المعالجة المركزية أو المقبس المستخدمة له.

تقنيات توصيل الرقاقات
مقابس وحدة المعالجة المركزية

شبكة إبر مصفوفة متداخلة


Saddle Dam D ("sadel-dæmning D"), i Vandkraft-projektet Xe-Pian Xe-Namnoy i Champasak provins i Laos, kollapset d. 23. juli 2018. Mindst 30 personer døde af ulykken.

Kollapset resulterede i oversvømmelse i San Sai-distriktet, og i Yai Thae, Hinlad, Mai, Thasengchan, Tha Hin og Samong, [i Sanamxay-distriktet ] i Attapeu provins, skrev The Guardian.

Referencer

Laos i 2018
Begivenheder i 2018
Laos historie

Dæmning-kollapset i Laos i 2018