Gospa od Vrpolja je hrvatski dokumentarni film scenarista i urednika Nena Kužine te u režiji Davora Borića koji govori o središnjem marijanskom svetištu Šibenske biskupije, svetištu Gospe od Vrpolja.

Izvori

Hrvatski dokumentarni filmovi
Rimokatolička Crkva u Hrvatskoj

Gospa od Vrpolja (dokumentarni film)


26495 Eichorn este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
26495 Eichorn este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  în cadrul proiectului CSS. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,44 ua, o excentricitate de 0,14 și o înclinație de 5,3° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 26001-27000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2000
Centura de asteroizi

26495 Eichorn


Deobriga fue una ciudad del pueblo prerromano de los autrigones que se situaban en el centro-norte de España. Aparece mencionada por primera vez en el libro del  Geographia de Claudio Ptolomeo y cuya situación geográfica desconocida ha llevado a la aparición de numerosas hipótesis, aunque actualmente la teoría más aceptada la sitúa en el yacimiento de Arce-Mirapérez de Miranda de Ebro en la provincia de Burgos. Sin embargo el nombre de Deobriga, está relacionado con el topónimo Deobrigula, ciudad de los turmogos, significa "ciudad de los dioses"

Referencias documentales

En el siglo II, Claudio Ptolomeo al recoger las poblaciones de la Hispania Tarraconense indica que al este de los Morbogi y de Cantabria moran los autrigones, cuyas ciudades interiores son las siguientes junto a sus coordenadas:

La siguiente referencia aparece en un documento de la Roma antigua conocido como Itinerario de Antonino y que recopila las rutas del imperio. Fue redactado en época del emperador Antoninus Augustus (197-217 d. C.), aunque la versión que nos ha llegado es tardía y no puede ser anterior a Maximiano y Diocleciano (284-305 d. C.). Entre las 34 rutas de las provincias de Hispania, en la última (A-34), en su tramo entre Virovesca (Briviesca) a Pompelone (Pamplona) aparecen las siguientes mansiones y distancias:

Problemática con los datos de las referencias documentales
Sobre el libro Geographia de Ptolomeo existen un gran número de puntos de discusión, desde su propia autoría, a errores de transcripción de datos desde códices o manuscritos y el origen de sus ilustraciones. Sobre sus coordenadas, si bien la escala general de latitudes que aparecen en el libro tiene origen astronómico, su aplicación a Hispania parece haber sido meramente deductiva. Además Ptolomeo reprodujo una imagen de Hispania trasmitida por estudios previos continuando con sus errores. Los estudios dejan entrever que las coordenadas fueron obtenidas sobre la base de referencias, calculando las distancias sobre la base de rutas terrestres o marítimas. Por todo ello las coordenadas que aporta no ayudan a determinar la situación real de las ciudades que identifica.

Sobre la aproximación de distancias que aparecen en el itinerario Antonino mediante la conversión de millas al sistema métrico, al estar dicha medida basada en pies, la longitud de estos varía incluso en la medición de las diferentes rutas. Esto ha ocasionado que cada autor haga la conversión que más le convenga en cada caso concreto para justificar el trazado del camino y la ubicación de las mansiones. Además los itinerarios no describen calzadas, sino rutas uniendo tramos de calzadas independientes entre sí.

Diferentes hipótesis sobre su ubicación sobre la base de suposiciones del trazado de la A-34 y/o su etimología

La aproximación de coordenadas de Ptolomeo no ayudan a localizar la ciudad. Las millas desde mansiones cuya situación ya es conocida, tampoco ayudan a localizar otras que no se saben ubicar, debido tanto a que la conversión de millas a nuestros sistemas de medida es interpretable, como a que en el caso de la calzada romana A-34 tampoco se conoce la ruta por la que discurría. Por todo esto han surgido hipótesis teorizando con el transcurso de esta vía, la etimología de Deobriga, la existencia de puentes para pasar el Ebro y la aparición de yacimientos arqueológicos de relevancia en la zona por la que parece razonable que pudiera ubicarse.

El primer estudio que aborda el tema es el realizado a finales del  por Lorenzo Prestamero, referente a la red viaria del itinerario Antonino a su paso por Álava, basado en la comprobación del autor de los datos conocidos sobre las calzadas. Según él, la A-34 desde Briviesca se dirigía a Pancorbo, luego a Puentelarrá para cruzar el río Ebro, torcer a la derecha hasta Berantevilla y remontar el río Zadorra hasta la cuenca del río Burunda. Sobre esta ruta situaba Deobriga en Arce-Mirapérez, tanto por el topónimo como por la presencia de lo que identifica como un campamento romano en una cuenca junto al Ebro. Aunque utiliza tramos conocidos de calzada, no hace concordar las distancias que señala el itinerario Antonino con el emplazamiento de las mansiones, dando prioridad a las distancias de Ptolomeo suponiendo que el itinerario está equivocado y superando la distancia en ocho millas.

En 1841 Govantes la ubicó en Briñas. Este mantuvo que esta ciudad estuvo situada entre dos orillas del Ebro comunicadas por un puente junto a un amplio meandro. Con el tiempo el puente hubiese desaparecido y se hubiera formado varios poblados, en un orilla Dondón y Tondón hoy desaparecidos, con raíz, Deo, Theos y Tono y en la otra Briñas, a partir de la partícula celta briga.
En 1906 Domingo Hergueta y Martín coincidió con Govantes basándose en algunos restos arqueológicos encontrados en la zona. Últimamente han aparecido noticias sobre la antigüedad de este lugar, se sospecha de un Santuario Celtíbero en el meandro de Tondonia; y enfrente de este meandro en el yacimiento de Torrentejo en el término de Labastida (Álava) ha aparecido cerámica calcolítica de 4000 años de antigüedad. Este lugar, se encuentra a la vista el Monte Toloño (Tulonio), y el Monte Bilibio (Baelibio), considerados en la antigüedad montes sagrados,  y como consecuencia dioses; ya que aparecieron en 1799 una lápida romana al dios Tulonio en Alegría de Alava, y otra 1988 al dios Baelibio en Angostina de Álava.

En 1862 Eduardo Saavedra situó Deobriga antes de llegar a Puentelarra.

El siguiente trabajo de interés fue el realizado por Francisco Coello, publicado en 1875. En él intenta corregir los fallos presentes en el estudio de Prestamero, dando por hecho que si su trazado era más largo de lo que indica el itinerario Antonino, la ubicación de las mansiones será errónea, por lo que retraso la ubicación de algunas. Así Deobriga la situó en Puentelarrá, además de por la coincidencia de distancias desde Briviesca, por el topónimo, que indica que "Deo" sería un cruce del Ebro y "briga" significaría puente en antiguos idiomas.

En 1918 Antonio Blázquez estudió también el trazado con conclusiones muy controvertidas, ya que argumenta que el itinerario de la A-34 cruzaba el Ebro por Miranda y que Deobriga no existía en esa ruta, sino que había sido un error de copia trasladado desde la mansión de Dessobriga situada entre Lacobriga y Segisamone de la A-32 (de Astorga a Tarragona), aunque en ese trazado la distancia que marca a la siguiente mansión son quince millas en vez de catorce como aparece en la A-34. Posteriormente en otra publicación de 1930 rectifica sobre el trazado y dice que el itinerario iría desde Pancorbo a Miranda por Foncea y la hoz de Bujedo. Sus teorías por inverosímiles solo han recavado rechazos.
Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz, discípulo de Blázquez y posteriormente detractor, le rebatió en 1974 fundamentando el cruce por Puentelarrá y la no supresión de Deobriga del itinerario por aparecer en los escritos de Ptolomeo como ciudad autrigona.
En una publicación posterior vuelve a fundamentar el paso por Puentelarrá y propone un nuevo trazado para llegar a Iruña, pero para justificar que es más largo que el correspondería de Deobriga a Beleia dice que la distancia entre Deobriga y Suessatio es la misma que por su nuevo trazado, por lo que es posible un error del copista. Además de ese error argumenta otros para que así le coincidan las distancias.

En 1974 Gregorio Balparda coincide con Saavedra y con Coello en situar Deobriga en Puentellarra, argumentando además que si bien la llanada de Miranda es el camino más lógico, en aquella época ésta estaba ocupada por una laguna (la Laguna de Bilibio).

En 1975 José Antonio Abásolo indicó que la mansión debía hallarse en las inmediaciones de Puentelarrá y que se habría de ver de alguna manera conexión con el cercano yacimiento de Cabriana.

Ubicación arqueológica

En las últimas décadas del , así como a comienzos del , se intensificaron las prospecciones en el yacimiento de Arce-Mirapérez hasta que en 2004 un estudio arqueológico dirigido por Rafael Varón ubicó este yacimiento la antigua ciudad de Deóbriga.

Referencias

Ciudades de la Antigua Roma en España
Historia de Miranda de Ebro
Iberia
Yacimientos arqueológicos de la provincia de Burgos
Tarraconense

Deobriga


Mauricio Daniel Nanni Lima (Montevideo, Uruguay, 12 de julio de 1979) es un exfutbolista uruguayo. Jugaba de portero y actualmente es gerente deportivo del Montevideo Wanderers Futbol Club de Uruguay.

Selección nacional

Ha sido internacional con la selección de fútbol de Uruguay en dos ocasiones.

Participaciones en Copas del Mundo

Clubes

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Futbolistas de Uruguay
Futbolistas del Montevideo Wanderers Fútbol Club
Futbolistas del Real Racing Club de Santander en los años 2000
Futbolistas del Racing Club de Ferrol
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo Marathón
Futbolistas del Defensor Sporting Club
Futbolistas de la Sociedad Deportiva Aucas
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Bella Vista
Futbolistas del Niki Volos FC
Futbolistas de la Comisión de Actividades Infantiles
Guardametas de fútbol de Uruguay
Dirigentes deportivos de Uruguay
Nacidos en Montevideo

Mauricio Nanni Lima


Den ungarsksprogede wikipedia blev lanceret 8. juli 2003. I maj 2015 havde Ungarsk Wikipedia 300.000 artikler. I november 2016 er den ungarsksprogede wikipedia den 23. største udgave af Wikipedia.

Milepæle

 7. februar 2007 - 50.000 artikler
 17. juli 2008 - 100.000 artikler
 25. december 2009 - 150.000 artikler, og havde nu samme størrelse som den første komplette ungarske encyklopædi.
 september 2011 - 200.000 artikler
 7 maj 2015 - 300.000 artikler

Mest omstridte artikler
Ifølge en undersøgelse foretaget af Oxford University fra 2013, var den mest omstridte artikel på Ungarsk Wikipedia "Sigøjnerkriminalitet", .

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

Wikipedia efter sprog
Etableret i 2003
wikipedia

Ungarsk Wikipedia


زكي رستم (5 مارس 1903 - 15 فبراير 1972)، ممثل مصري ينتمي إلى مدرسة الاندماج. يعتبر من أهم ممثلي السينما المصرية، واختير من قبل مجلة (باري باتش) كواحد من أفضل 10 ممثلين في العالم. في رصيده أكثر من 240 فيلم، لم يعرف منها سوى 55 فيلمًا.

السيرة الذاتية
ولد في قصر جده اللواء محمود رستم باشا بحي الحلمية الذي كانت تقطنه الطبقة الأرستقراطية في أوائل القرن الماضي، كان والده محرم بك رستم عضواً بارزاً بالحزب الوطني، وصديقاً شخصياً للزعيمين مصطفى كامل ومحمد فريد. في عام 1920 نال شهادة البكالوريا ورفض استكمال تعليمه الجامعي، وكانت أمنية والده أن يلحقه بكلية الحقوق، إلا أنه اختار هواية فن التمثيل. في عام 1924 كانت رياضة حمل الأثقال هوايته المفضلة، وفاز بلقب بطل مصر الثاني في حمل الأثقال للوزن الثقيل.

المسيرة الفنية
التقى بالفنان «عبد الوارث عسر» الذي ضمه إلى إحدى فرق الهواة المسرحية وكانت هذه نقطة التحول في حياته. وبعد وفاة الأب تمرد على تقاليد الأسرة العريقة معلناً انضمامه إلى فرقة جورج أبيض، فطردته أمه من السرايا لأنه مثل سيئ لإخواته، بعدما خيرته بين الفن والتحاقه بكلية الحقوق، فاختار المسرح فأصيبت بالشلل حتى وفاتها. انضم إلى فرقة «عزيز عيد» ثم تركه بعد شهور لينضم إلى فرقة «اتحاد الممثلين» وكانت أول فرقة تقرر لها الحكومة إعانة ثابتة لكن لم يستمر فيها طويلاً فتركها. بعد ذلك انضم إلى «الفرقة القومية» وكان يرأسها في ذلك الوقت الفنان «خليل مطران» وظل فيها عشرة أعوام كاملة. اختاره المخرج محمد كريم ليشترك في بطولة فيلم «زينب» الصامت تأليف الدكتور «حسين هيكل» وإنتاج يوسف وهبي وكان أمام الفنانة بهيجة حافظ.

بلغ رصيده الفني من الأفلام 240 فيلماً ولكن المشهور منها والموجود 55 فيلماً فقدّم على سبيل المثال «العزيمة» 1939 و«زليخة تحب عاشور» 1939 و«إلى الأبد» 1941 و«الشرير» 1942 و«عدو المرأة» 1946 و«خاتم سليمان» و«ياسمين» و«معلش يا زهر» 1947 و«بائعة الخبز» 1953 و«الفتوة» 1957 و«امرأة على الطريق» 1958 وآخر أفلامه «إجازة صيف» 1967. كتب عنه جورج سادول المؤرخ والناقد السينمائي الفرنسي إنه فنان قدير ونسخة مصرية من أورسن ويلز بملامحه المعبرة ونظراته المؤثرة واختارته مجلة «باري ماتش» الفرنسية بوصفه واحداً من أفضل عشرة ممثلين عالميين.
أطلق عليه «رائد مدرسة الاندماج». فكان نموذجاً رائعاً للنجم السينمائي المنفرد في مواهبه، الذي يقوى على أن يتقمص أية شخصية مهما تعددت حالاتها النفسية ومواقفها المتقلبة والمتلونة، فكان لا يكاد ينتهي من أداء موقف من المواقف أمام الكاميرا حتى تتصاعد موجة من التصفيق من كل الحاضرين في البلاتوه بمن فيهم من شاركوه تمثيل الموقف، فاتن حمامة كانت تخاف من اندماجه عندما يستولي عليه فتقول «يندمج لدرجة أنه لما يزقني كنت ألاقي نفسي طايرة في الهواء».

عندما عرضت عليه شركة كولومبيا بطولة فيلم عالمي رفض زكي رستم ولما سألوه عن سبب الرفض قال بغضب «غير معقول اشتغل في فيلم يعادي العرب». كان الفن عنده هو البلاتوه ولحظة خروجه منه تنقطع الصلة بينهما تماماً ولهذا لم يكن له أصدقاء. صديقه الوحيد سليمان نجيب وكان معروفا بابن الباشا وكان يحترم ويحب الفنان عبد الوارث عسر، وعاش طوال حياته أعزب لا يفكر في الزواج لا يشغله سوى الفن. في سنواته الفنية الأخيرة عانى من ضعف السمع وكان يكره أن يستعين بسماعة من تلك الاختراعات الإلكترونية. كان يسكن بمفرده في شقة بعمارة يعقوبيان بشارع 26 يوليو ولم يكن يؤنس وحدته سوى خادم عجوز قضى في خدمته أكثر من ثلاثين عاماً وكلبه الوولف الذي كان يصاحبه في جولاته الصباحية.
في عام 1962 حصل على وسام الفنون والعلوم والأدب من الرئيس جمال عبد الناصر. في عام 1968 توقف الفنان زكي رستم تماماً عن التمثيل وابتعد عن السينما واعتزل الناس بعد أن فقد حاسة السمع تدريجياً وكان يقضي معظم وقته في القراءة.

أعماله

وفاته
أصيب بأزمة قلبية حادة نقل على أثرها إلى مستشفى دار الشفاء، وفي ساعة متأخرة من ليلة 15 فبراير عام 1972 صعدت روحه إلى السماء. ولم يشعر به أحد ولم يمشِ في جنازته أحد.

هوامش
 زكي رستم هو عم المذيعة ليلى رستم  ، وأيضاً هو خال الممثلة ماجدة الخطيب.

مراجع

روابط خارجية

آل رستم
باكوات مصر

مسرحيون مصريون
مصريون من أصل تركي
ممثلو أفلام صامتة مصريون
ممثلو أفلام مصريون
ممثلو مسرح مصريون
ممثلون مصريون في القرن 20
ممثلون من القاهرة
مواليد 1320 هـ
وفيات 1391 هـ
وفيات 1392 هـ
وفيات 1972
وفيات ناجمة عن الأمراض القلبية الوعائية في مصر

زكي رستم


Les Vaucheriales sont un ordre d'algues de la classe des Xanthophyceae.

Liste des familles
Selon
 Vaucheriaceae Dumortier, 1822

Notes et références

Liens externes

Ordre d'algues (nom scientifique)
Xanthophyceae*

Vaucheriales


Vijenac je naseljeno mjesto u sastavu općine Lukavac, Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine, BiH.
Nalazi se uz cestu M112/M4 i željezničku prugu, nedaleko od postaje Bistarac. Južno od Vijenca teče rijeka Jala. Putem koji vodi do Jale stiže se do Bistarca Donjeg.

Stanovništvo

Izvor

 Knjiga: "Nacionalni sastav stanovništva - Rezultati za Republiku po opštinama i naseljenim mjestima 1991.", statistički bilten br. 234, Izdanje Državnog zavoda za statistiku Republike Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo.

 internet - izvor, "Popis po mjesnim zajednicama" - http://www.fzs.ba/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/nacion-po-mjesnim.pdf

Naselja u Tuzlanskoj županiji

Vijenac (Lukavac, BiH)


Géza Szávai (n. 4 decembrie 1950) este un romancier maghiar.

Viața
Géza Szávai s-a născut în 1950, în Ținutul Secuiesc. După absolvirea facultății, a predat pentru scurt timp, lucrând apoi ca jurnalist și editor. Trăiește în Budapesta din 1988. În 1994 a fondat Casa Editorială PONT, care publică volume (și periodice) în mai multe limbi. Este inițiatorul unui program internațional numit CONFLUX (opusul conflictului), lansat împreună cu prietenii lui din Europa și de dincolo de ocean. Scrie proză și eseuri. Cartea lui cea mai cunoscută, Ierusalimul Secuiesc, este un emoționant "roman-eseu", înglobând documente istorice, reflecții, memorii și confesiuni personale, care prezintă povestea tragică a secuilor care s-au convertit la credința evreilor și au devenit – cum pretindeau ei – "evrei în spirit".

Varietatea și experimentul caracterizează opera lui Géza Szávai ca romancier.
Mileniul trecut la Marienbad, un roman descris drept "monumental" de critici, discută crizele personale și colective din Ungaria post-comunistă.
Acțiunea romanului său intitulat Arca Alettei se desfășoară în Japonia, care – după masacrarea creștinilor europeni și autohtoni – se izolează de restul lumii pentru două secole.

Fascinat de posibilitățile diversității, Szávai susține că fiecare roman al său reprezintă un gen aparte.
El crede că chiar si un număr mic de pagini sau fraze concepute de un adevărat romancier sunt suficiente pentru a transmite profunzimea unui întreg roman.
În seria sa Romane mari și mici, autorul experimentează o tehnică unică de a scrie romane. Primul volum din serie, Cineva trece prin zăpadă, a fost publicat în 2008.
Într-un interviu despre cea mai recentă operă a sa, Te-am purtat prin minunate țări (2013), Szávai afirmă că "astăzi, este la modă să folosești expresia "muzica lumii" (world music). Pornind de la această idee, după părerea mea, chiar acum în profunzimile ființei noastre se desfășoară romanele lumii actuale, care ne întrepătrund.
A aduce la suprafață romanele lumii noastre, consider că asta este misiunea mea"

În ceea ce privește interpretarea pe care autorul o dă cuvântului "minune", el spune următoarele:

"Există, desigur, multă auto-ironie și o umbră de amărăciune în modul în care folosesc eu acest cuvânt –  minune – dar, totuși, încă îl folosesc cu o seriozitate pasionată …	"

Lucrări

Romane
 Kivégezzük nagyapádat ("Iți executăm bunicul", scris în 1974, prima aparitie – neintegrală – in 1982, editia 2-a integrală in 2014)
 Séta gramofonzenére (apărut în română cu titlul "Promenadă cu femei și țapi", cu postfata lui Mircea Nedelciu, 1996; prima ediție: 1985, publicat și în germană și rusă, si în poloneză, in pregatire in cehă)
 Oszlik a bál (apărut în română cu titlul "Vă binecuvântez cu gloanțe", în 1998; scris în 1986, prima ediție: 1990, a apărut și în rusă, în pregătire în germană)
 Utóvéd (Ariergardă, prima-ediție: 1987, în pregătire în engleză)
 Ki látott minket meztelenül? ("Cine ne-a văzut in pielea goală?" Prima ediție: 1998, în pregătire în franceză și română)
 Székely Jeruzsálem ("Ierusalimul secuiesc"; prima ediție: 2000, a cincia ediție în maghiară: 2013, publicat și în franceză și română)
 Aletta bárkája ("Arca Alettei", prima ediție: 2006)
 Múlt évezred Marienbadban ("Ultimul mileniu la Marienbad", prima ediție: 2009)
 Valaki átment a havon – Kisregények és nagyregények ("Cineva trece prin zăpadă – Romane mari și mai mici"; prima ediție: 2008)
 Csodálatos országokba hoztalak ("Te-am purtat prin minunate țări", prima ediție: 2013)

Colecții de povestiri scurte
 A megfigyelő ("Cel care te observă"; prima ediție: 1987)
 Kivégzősdi ("De-a execuția", 1994)

Colecții de eseuri
 Helyzettudat és irodalom ("Conștientizarea situațiilor – și literatura"; prima ediție: 1980);
 Lánc, lánc, Eszterlánc – Vázlat a gyermek világáról ("Schiță a lumii copilulu"i; prima ediție: 1983; a doua ediție, dezvoltată în trei volume: GYERMEKVILÁG TRILÓGIA –TRILOGIA COPILULUI
 A hazugság forradalma – A kisgyermek és a valóság; "Revoluția minciunilor – Copilul și realitatea" (Lánc, lánc, Eszterlánc I., 1997);
 Ribizlikávé –A nyelv és a vers születése ; "Cafea de stafidă – Nașterea limbajului și a poeziei" (Lánc, lánc, Eszterlánc II., 1998);
 Láss csodát – A rajzoló kisgyermek lélektana ; "Să vezi minuni – Psihologia copilului care desenează" (Lánc, lánc, Eszterlánc III., 2010)

Colecții de povești
 A Zöld Sivatag vőlegénye ("Făt Frumos din Pustiul Verde"; prima ediție: 1981, a patra ediție, revizuită: 2014);
 Szávai a scris o serie în șapte volume de povești pentru copii: Burgum Bélus, a mesterdetektív ("Burgum Bélus, superdetectivul"). Patru volume sunt publicate până în prezent:
 Burgum Bélus, a mesterdetektív ("Burgum Bélus, superdetectivul"),
 Égi elefántok, avagy B.B. nyomozásai a világűrben ("Elefanți pe cer sau Investigațiile lui B.B în spațiu"),
 A rettenthetetlen vizimedve, avagy B.B. nyomozásai az óceánban ("Neînfricatul urs de apă sau Investigațiile lui B.B în ocean"),
 Burgum Bélus az Ezeregyéjben ("Burgum Bélus în cele 1001 de nopți")

Ediții în limbi străine ale seriei cu Burgum Bélus sunt în curs de elaborare.

Note
* Metamorphoses     Colecția 2010
 Ion Bogdan Lefter: Oglindă purtată de-a lungul unui drum – Fotograme din postmodernitatea romanească, Editura PARALELA 45, Szávai Géza - pag: 336-349
 World Literature in Review, mai – iunie 2007

Legături externe
* kriterion.ro
 mek.niif.hu
 Biografia lui Géza Szávai pe site-ul PONT Publishing House (in maghiară)

Nașteri pe 4 decembrie
Nașteri în 1950
Romancieri maghiari
Scriitori din secolul al XX-lea
Scriitori din secolul al XXI-lea
Oameni din Budapesta
Maghiari în viață

Géza Szávai


Skylden er en kortfilm instrueret af Jakob Kyed Jakobsen efter manuskript af Dominic Bergmaier Larsen.

Handling

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 2010

Kortfilm fra Danmark

Skylden


Adenocaulon, rod glavočika iz tribusa Mutisieae, dio potporodice Mutisioideae. Postoji svega pet priznatih vrsta iz Sjeverne Amnerike i Azije

Vrste
 Adenocaulon bicolor Hook.
 Adenocaulon chilense Less.
 Adenocaulon himalaicum Edgew.
 Adenocaulon lyratum S.F.Blake
 Adenocaulon nepalense Bittmann

Izvori

Mutisioideae

Adenocaulon


Onthophagus vesanus é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Balthasar em 1967.

Referências

Ligações externas

vesanus
Coleópteros descritos em 1967

Onthophagus vesanus


Natura 2000-område nr. 96 Bolderslev Skov og Uge Skov er et skovområde sydvest for Aabenraa, der er udpeget på grund af de kalkrige og næringsrige søer, en række
forskellige skovtyper samt stor vandsalamander. Området er desuden et af de meget få danske levesteder for bjergsalamander. Hele skovarealet, der er en del af et oprindeligt løvskovsområde, og har et urskovsagtigt præg med
forekomster af lind, er fredskov. Der findes også enge, og større lysåbne arealer, som er overladt til naturlig tilgroning (urørt skov).
Natura 2000-området ligger i Aabenraa Kommune og indenfor vandplanområdet 4.1 Kruså-Vidå

Naturfredning
Bolderslev og Uge Skov blev fredet i 1999 af Naturklagenævnet som nogle af de første skovfredninger, i henhold til den danske naturskovsstrategi. Skovene skal overgå til urørt skov, og det betyder, at de skal have lov til at passe sig selv – Danmarks svar på urskove. Fredningen medførte, at Skov- og Naturstyrelsen opkøbte hele arealet.

Den landbrugsjord der ligger nær ved eller inde i fredningen, skal enten overgå til våd eng eller græsningseng. Der har været drænet i de fleste skove herhjemme, også Bolderslev og Uge, men det skal ophøre, så våde enge og sumpskov bliver mere udbredt fremover.

De landbrugsjorde, der ligger nær ved eller inde i fredningen, skal enten overgå til våd eng eller græsningseng. Der har været drænet i de fleste skove herhjemme, også Bolderslev og Uge, men det skal ophøre, så våde enge og sumpskov bliver mere udbredt fremover.

Se også
 Internationale naturbeskyttelsesområder i Danmark
 Naturtyper i Danmark

Eksterne kilder og henvisninger

 Naturplanen
 Basisanalysen 2016-21
 Folder om skovene udgivet af Naturstyrelsen 2009

Natura 2000-planer
Fredede arealer i Danmark
Lokaliteter i Aabenraa Kommune
EU-habitatområder i Danmark
Statsskove i Danmark


Divizia 2 Cavalerie a fost o mare unitate de artilerie, de nivel tactic, din Armata României, care a participat la acțiunile militare postbelice, din perioada 1918-1920, fiind formată din Brigada 2 Roșiori și Divizon II Art. Călăreață

Compunerea de luptă
În perioada campaniei din 1919, divizia a avut următoarea compunere de luptă:
Divizia 2 Cavalerie
[[Comp. 2 cicliști (1918-1920)- căpitan Serghievici C.
Brigada 2 Roșiori: locotenent colonel Davidoglu Cleante
Regimentul  4 Roșiori - colonel Moruzi Gh.
Regimentul 9 Roșiori (1918-1920)- colonel " Resel Carol"
Brigada 3 Roșiori - colonel Neagu C.
Divizionul 2  Art. Călăreață- locotenent- colonel  Paltineanu Ath.

Participarea la operații

Campania anului 1919
Trupele militare din
În cadrul acțiunilor militare postbelice,  Divizia 2 Cavalerie a participat la acțiunile militare în dispozitivul de luptă al Diviziei 16, participând la Operația ofensivă la vest de Tisa.

Comandanți
 General Constantinidi A.

Note

Bibliografie
 Drăgănescu Constantin, Campaniile din 1848/1849 și 1919 în Transilvania și Ungaria, Tipografia "Isvorul", București, 1930
 Kirițescu, Constantin, Istoria războiului pentru întregirea României, Editura Științifică și Enciclopedică, București, 1989
 Mărdărescu Gheorghe, Campania pentru desrobirea Ardealului și ocuparea Budapestei (1918-1920), Editura Cartea Românească, București, 1921
 Preda Dumitru; Alexandrescu Vasile; Prodan Costică, În apărarea României Mari. Campania armatei române din 1918-1919, Editura Enciclopedică, București, 1994

Vezi și
Ordinea de bătaie a Armatei României în Transilvania, iulie 1919

Unități militare române participante la operațiile militare postbelice (1918-1920)

Divizia 2 Cavalerie (1918-1920)


Ilá Orangum () é uma antiga cidade no estado de Oxum, na Nigéria, que foi capital de uma antiga cidade-estado de mesmo nome em Igbomina, na área de Yorubaland, no sudoeste da Nigéria. Ilá Orangum é a cidade-irmã mais populosa (e reino-irmão) de Oquê-Ilá Orangum, localizada a cerca de 12km para nordeste. A população de Ilá Orangum é de 179.192.

Aspectos gerais
É a sede da Área de Governo Local de Ila. Além de Ilá Orangum, as outras cidades e vilas na área de governo local de Ilá incluem Abalagemô, Abá Ododô, Ajabá, Alabedê, Aietorô Obaarô, Edemosi, Ejibó-Orangum, Gaa Fulani, Oi Aiegunlé e assim por diante.

O povo de Ila fala o dialeto distintivo da língua iorubá, chamado Igbomina (ou Igbonna). Uma profissão tradicional comum aos indígenas do município é a extração do vinho de palma. Esta profissão é referenciada em uma das canções mais populares e ditos comuns sobre a cidade de Ila. O provérbio  significa "Ila não tem nenhum remédio especial ou preparações mágicas além do vinho de palma". Uma canção folclórica também diz "", que se traduz como "Sou um cidadão de Ila, minha profissão é muito fácil; se estou em cima de uma palmeira, sinto que estou no andar de cima de um prédio de vários andares."

Ila-Orangun é a sede da Faculdade Estadual de Educação de Oió (agora Oxum). A Biblioteca de Pesquisa do Patrimônio Africano foi criada em 1988.

A antiga cidade também tem uma Escola Móvel de Treinamento da Polícia.

Cidadãos proeminentes
Os proeminentes indígenas de Ilá Orangum incluem Alhaji Adebisi Akande, ex-governador do estado de Oxum, Tafa Balogun, ex-IGP da Nigéria, capitão do grupo Atolagbe Adediji, porta-voz pioneiro da força aérea nigeriana, Aisha Olajide, entre outros. Entre os filhos proeminentes da cidade estão o chefe Bisi Akande, ex-governador do estado de Oxum, durante o primeiro mandato do chefe Olusegun Obasanjo, Tafa Balogun, ex-inspetor geral da força policial nigeriana e muitos profissionais da ciência, das artes e da academia.

Reino de Ilá
Cidades, vilas e aldeias na Nigéria
Iorubás

Ilá Orangum


Terence Henry Rooney (born 11 November 1950) is a British Labour Party politician who served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Bradford North from 1990 to 2010.

He chaired the Work and Pensions Select Committee from 2005 to 2010, and was the first member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints elected to the UK Parliament. Rooney's constituency was replaced by Bradford East in boundary changes for the 2010 general election, and he was defeated in the new seat by the Liberal Democrat candidate David Ward.

Early life and career
Rooney was born in Bradford in 1950, attending Buttershaw Comprehensive School and Bradford College, and receiving a Diploma in Higher Education at the latter.

Prior to his election as the MP for Bradford North in a by-election in November 1990, he was a welfare rights adviser at the Bierley Community Centre and a member of Bradford City Council for the University ward. He served as a councillor from 1983 to 1991, a high-profile figure known for his opposition to Militant, chairing the Labour Group from 1988 to 1991, and becoming Deputy Leader of the council from 1990 to 1991.

Member of Parliament
In Parliament, Rooney was elected as Chair of the Work and Pensions Select Committee from 2005 to 2010. Other posts he held included:

Secretary of the Yorkshire Group of Labour MPs (1991–2001).
Chair of the Parliamentary Labour Party Work and Pensions Committee (1990–2006).
Member of the Broadcasting Committee (1991–1997).
Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Minister for the Environment, Michael Meacher (1997–2001).
Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Minister for Housing and Planning, Keith Hill (2003–05).
Member of the Joint Committee on House of Lords Reform (2003–05).
Member of the Liaison Committee (2005–10).

Political interests
Rooney's main political interests are the welfare state, public sector housing, poverty and industrial relations. He is an active trade unionist and a member of UNISON and formerly Amicus, for which he was the chair of the Amicus Parliamentary Group. Rooney is a firm supporter of the retention of first-past-the-post for Westminster elections, and has also supported more directly redistributive tax and spend policies.

Personal life
Rooney is married to Susanne, a former Bradford councillor, with whom he has three children and nine grandchildren.

He is an active member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and became the first, and only, member of the church elected to the UK Parliament during his tenure.

References

External links

ePolitix – Terry Rooney official site
Guardian Unlimited Politics – Ask Aristotle: Terry Rooney MP
TheyWorkForYou.com – Terry Rooney MP
The Public Whip – Terry Rooney MP voting record
BBC profile

1950 births
Living people
English Latter Day Saints
Politicians from Bradford
Graphical, Paper and Media Union-sponsored MPs
Labour Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
UK MPs 1997–2001
UK MPs 2001–2005
UK MPs 2005–2010

Terry Rooney (politician)


رينو 9 أو 11 سيارة من إنتاج مصنع السيارات الفرنسي رينو.وتصنف السيارة كـ سيارة عائلية صغيرة.إصدار هذا الموديل جاء تعويضاً لموديل رينو 14 وتلاه رينو 19.
بدأ إنتاجها سنة 1981 واستمر إلى غاية سنة 1989.

مراجع

سيارات اخترعت في 1981
سيارات تركيا
سيارات رالي
سيارات رينو
سيارات صالون
سيارات عائلية صغيرة
سيارات عقد 1980
سيارات عقد 1990
سيارات عقد 2000
سيارات في الأرجنتين
سيارات متحولة
هاتشباك
سيارات توقفت في 2000

رينو 9 أو 11


Khalid Donnel Robinson (født 11. februar 1998 i Georgia, USA), bedre kendt som Khalid, er en amerikansk sanger og sangskriver.

Eksterne henvisninger

Sangere fra USA

Khalid (sanger)


Büyükkızık, Sinop ilinin Dikmen ilçesine bağlı bir köydür.

Tarihçe
Köy, 1925 yılından beri aynı adı taşımaktadır. Daha önceleri Gerze ilçesine Dikmen bucağına bağlıyken, 20 Mayıs 1990'da kurulan Dikmen ilçesine bağlandı.

Coğrafya
Köy, Sinop il merkezine 103 km, Dikmen ilçe merkezine 30 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Dikmen belde ve köyleri

Büyükkızık


Le bureau d'études Luch (), situé à Kiev, en Ukraine, est un important développeur ukrainien de composants pour l'industrie de la défense.

La société travaille en étroite collaboration avec la société holding Artem, également située à Kiev. Artem est le principal fabricant des modèles développés par le bureau d'études Luch.

La société a été créée en Ukraine en 1965 et est rapidement devenue l'un des principaux développeurs soviétiques de systèmes de contrôle automatisés et de systèmes de diagnostic dans l'ingénierie aéronautique.

Notes et références

Liens externes
  Company home page

Science en Union soviétique
Entreprise ayant son siège à Kiev
Science en Ukraine
Page sans coordonnées Wikidata
Entreprise fondée en 1965

Bureau d'études Luch


O Roud Folk Song Index é um banco de dados de cerca de 250 mil referências a cerca de 25 mil canções coletadas da tradição oral na língua inglesa de todo o mundo. É compilado por Steve Roud (nascido em 1949), um ex-bibliotecário no bairro londrino de Croydon. O índice de Roud é uma combinação do Broadside Index (fontes impressas antes de 1900) e um "índice de registro de campo" compilado por Roud. Inclui todas as fontes impressas anteriores conhecidas por Francis James Child (as baladas infantis) e inclui gravações de 1900 a 1975. Até o início de 2006, o índice estava disponível por assinatura de CD; agora ele pode ser encontrado online no site da Biblioteca Memorial Vaughan Williams, mantido pela Sociedade Inglesa de Dança e Canção Folclórica. Uma lista parcial também está disponível em Lista de canções folclóricas por número de Roud.

Coleções similares
A coleção de James Madison Carpenter tem 6.200 transcrições e mil cilindros gravados feitos entre 1927 e 1955. O índice traz o título, a primeira linha e o nome do cantor de origem. Quando apropriado, o número de Child é fornecido. Ainda é um recurso amplamente inexplorado, com nenhuma das gravações facilmente disponíveis.

O Cabinet of Folksongs (Dainu skapis) é um índice semelhante de quase 218 mil textos de canções folclóricas letãs, criado pelo estudioso letão Krišjānis Barons no final do século XIX e início do século XX.

O banco de dados de canções folclóricas de Essen é outra coleção que inclui canções de países que não falam inglês, particularmente Alemanha e China.

O Folk Song Index é um projeto colaborativo entre a Oberlin College Library e o jornal de música folclórica Sing Out!. Ele indexa canções folclóricas tradicionais do mundo, com ênfase em canções de língua inglesa, e contém mais de 62 mil entradas e mais de 2.400 antologias. A coleção de Max Hunter lista 1.600 músicas, mas cada variante menor recebe um número distinto.

O Traditional Ballad Index da Universidade do Estado da Califórnia em Fresno inclui números de Roud até o número 5.000 com comentários sobre as músicas, mas se baseia em menos fontes.

Bancos de dados online

Roud Folk Song Index


Granit Xhaka (Basilea, 27 de septiembre de 1992) es un futbolista suizo que juega como centrocampista en el Bayer 04 Leverkusen de la 1. Bundesliga.

Comenzó su carrera en el F. C. Basilea, el club de su ciudad natal, y ganó la Superliga de Suiza en cada una de sus dos primeras temporadas. En 2012 se trasladó al Borussia Mönchengladbach, equipo de la Bundesliga, donde se ganó la reputación de ser un jugador técnicamente dotado y un líder natural, además de recibir críticas por su temperamento. En 2015, a los 22 años, fue nombrado capitán del Borussia Mönchengladbach y llevó al equipo a clasificarse para la Liga de Campeones de la UEFA por segunda temporada consecutiva. Completó un traspaso al Arsenal en mayo de 2016 por un monto aproximado de 30 millones de libras.

Orígenes
Granit Xhaka nació el 27 de septiembre de 1992 en la ciudad de Basilea, Suiza, en el seno de una familia de etnia albanesa procedente de Podujevo, Kosovo, que entonces formaba parte de la República Federal de Yugoslavia. La familia se trasladó de Podujevo a Basilea, Suiza, ese mismo año, donde nacieron Granit y su hermano mayor Taulant Xhaka.

Trayectoria
Xhaka se inició en el fútbol juvenil en el Concordia de Basilea y se trasladó al Basilea en 2002. Jugó en varios equipos juveniles del Basilea y desde 2008 formó parte de la selección sub-21. Entre 2008 y 2010, jugó 37 partidos con la selección sub-21, marcando once goles.

Basilea
El 18 de mayo de 2012, el Basilea anunció en su página web que Xhaka había llegado a un acuerdo con el Borussia Mönchengladbach de Lucien Favre. Tras pasar los controles médicos, Xhaka firmó un contrato de cinco años con el club. El Mönchengladbach no ha revelado el precio del traspaso, pero se estima que ronda los 8,5 millones de euros.

Desde el comienzo de la temporada 2010-11, Xhaka jugó en el primer equipo del Basilea. Debutó con el primer equipo en la tercera ronda de clasificación de la Liga de Campeones de la UEFA 2010-11 en el partido fuera de casa contra el Debreceni en el estadio Szusza Ferenc. Hacia el final del partido, marcó el segundo gol en la victoria del Basilea por 2-0. Marcó su primer gol en la Superliga en la victoria en casa por 5-1 contra el FC Thun el 15 de mayo de 2011. Al final de la temporada 2010-11, Xhaka ganó el título de campeón de la Superliga con el Basilea y al final de la temporada 2011-12 ganó el doblete, el título de campeón de Liga y la Copa de Suiza con el club.

Borussia Mönchengladbach
Xhaka debutó en un partido de la primera ronda de la Copa de Alemania contra el Alemannia Aachen el 18 de agosto de 2012. Tres días después, hizo su primera aparición en competición europea con el Borussia en la derrota por 1-3 en casa ante el Dinamo de Kiev en la clasificación para la Liga de Campeones de la UEFA 2012-13. El 25 de agosto debutó en la Bundesliga en el primer partido de la temporada del equipo, una victoria por 2-1 en casa contra el 1899 Hoffenheim. Marcó su primer y único gol de la temporada en la derrota por 3-2 ante el 1. F. C. Núremberg.

En su segunda temporada en el club, Xhaka fue titular en 29 ocasiones y disputó cinco partidos como suplente en el Gladbach, que terminó en la sexta posición de la Bundesliga 2014-15.

En 2014-15, Xhaka fue titular en los 34 partidos de la Bundesliga 2014-15 con el Borussia y fue nombrado en el equipo de la temporada de la liga El Borussia terminó en tercera posición y se clasificó para la Liga de Campeones 2015-16.

El 23 de septiembre de 2015, Xhaka capitaneó al Borussia y marcó su primer gol de la temporada, al rematar de cabeza un tiro libre de Raffael en la victoria por 4-2 ante el FC Augsburgo. En el siguiente partido, contra el VfB Stuttgart, Xhaka volvió a ser el capitán del equipo y marcó un gol en la victoria por 3-1. El 30 de septiembre, hizo su primera aparición con el Borussia en la Liga de Campeones propiamente dicha, en una derrota por 1-2 en la fase de grupos en casa ante el Manchester City. El 20 de diciembre, Xhaka recibió su quinta tarjeta roja con el equipo en su partido número 95, por golpear a un rival en la primera parte; entregó voluntariamente 20.000 euros a una organización benéfica como disculpa.

Arsenal
El 25 de mayo de 2016, el Arsenal fichó a Xhaka procedente del Borussia Mönchengladbach por una cantidad que rondaba los 30-35 millones de libras. Xhaka fue fichado después de que el Arsenal se echara supuestamente atrás en el traspaso de N'Golo Kanté debido a los honorarios de los agentes implicados, que ascendían a más de 10 millones de libras. Xhaka se estrenó con el Arsenal (como sustituto en el descanso) en la victoria por 2-1 contra el All-Stars de la MLS.

Debutó en competición con el Arsenal en el primer partido de la temporada 2016-17 de la Premier League, una derrota por 4-3 ante el Liverpool, sustituyendo al centrocampista Mohamed Elneny en el minuto 65 y recibiendo una tarjeta amarilla en el proceso. Su primer gol con el club llegó el 17 de septiembre de 2016, un trallazo desde 25 metros en una victoria por 4-1 en la Premier League contra el Hull City. Cuatro días después, volvería a marcar desde lejos, esta vez desde 30 metros en una derrota por 4-0 en la EFL Cup contra el Nottingham Forest. La primera tarjeta roja de Xhaka con el Arsenal -y la octava con el club y la selección desde abril de 2014- llegó en una victoria por 3-2 contra el Swansea City el 15 de octubre de 2016. El 22 de enero de 2017, Xhaka fue expulsado por segunda vez en la temporada, por el árbitro Jon Moss, en la victoria del Arsenal por 2-1 en casa contra el Burnley. Tras su primer gol con el club en septiembre, no volvería a marcar en la Premier League hasta hacerlo en mayo, anotando el primer gol de la victoria por 2-0 ante el Manchester United, poniendo fin a la racha de 25 partidos consecutivos sin perder del United.

Participó en la campaña triunfal del Arsenal en la FA Cup. Así, fue titular en la final de la Copa contra el Chelsea, que los Gunners ganaron por 2-1. Xhaka también jugó en la Community Shield de 2017, que el Arsenal ganó en la tanda de penaltis contra el Chelsea. Su primer gol de la temporada 2017-18 se produjo en el empate a tres con el Liverpool, Xhaka marcó un golazo desde 25 metros para que el Arsenal pasara del 2-1 al 2-2.

El 15 de septiembre de 2018 marcó el primer gol, de falta directa, en la victoria por 2-1 contra el Newcastle United. El 28 de octubre de 2018, volvió a marcar de falta contra el Crystal Palace.

Bayer Leverkusen
En julio de 2023 regresó a Alemania tras ser traspasado al Bayer 04 Leverkusen y firmar un contrato por cinco temporadas.

Selección nacional
Ha sido internacional con la selección de fútbol de Suiza, ha jugado 118 partidos internacionales y ha anotado 14 goles.

El 13 de mayo de 2014 el entrenador de la selección de Suiza, Ottmar Hitzfeld, lo incluyó en la lista oficial de 23 jugadores convocados para afrontar la Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 2014.

El 4 de junio de 2018 el seleccionador Vladimir Petković lo incluyó en la lista de 23 para el Mundial.

Participaciones en Copas del Mundo

Goles internacionales

Estadísticas

Clubes
 Actualizado al último partido disputado el .

Palmarés

Campeonatos nacionales

Campeonatos internacionales

(*) Incluyendo la selección.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Perfil de Granit Xhaka (en alemán, sitio web oficial del FC Basel)
 Perfil de Granit Xhaka (en alemán, sitio web oficial de la Selección de fútbol de Suiza sub-21)

Nacidos en Basilea
Suizo-kosovar
Pivotes de fútbol
Musulmanes de Albania
Futbolistas musulmanes
Futbolistas de Kosovo
Futbolistas del Fútbol Club Basilea
Futbolistas del Borussia Mönchengladbach en los años 2010
Futbolistas del Arsenal Football Club
Futbolistas del Bayer 04 Leverkusen en los años 2020
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-17 de Suiza
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-19 de Suiza
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-21 de Suiza

Futbolistas de Suiza en la Copa Mundial de 2014
Futbolistas de Suiza en la Eurocopa 2016
Futbolistas de Suiza en la Copa Mundial de 2018
Futbolistas de Suiza en la Eurocopa 2020
Futbolistas de Suiza en la Copa Mundial de 2022
Club de los Cien de la FIFA
Hermanos futbolistas

Granit Xhaka


Vojvodstvo Estonija (dan.: Hertugdømmet Estland, lat.: Ducatus Estoniae) ili Danska Estonija bio je je naziv za srednjovjekovno vojvodstvo, domenu danskog kralja, koja je postojala od 1219. do 1346.

Povijest

Nastalo je tijekom Livonskog križarskog rata na teritorijima današnje sjeverne Estonije kao dio Terre Mariane.
Prostiralo na površini od 12 000 km² širom današnjih okruga Harju, Lääne-Viru, Ida-Viru i otoka Zapadnoestonskog arhipelaga.

Danske su trgovce ometali poganski Estonci koji su napadali njihove brodove, pa su se i oni odazvali pozivu pape Inocenta III. na Livonski križarski rat.

Danska križarska flota, predvođena lundskim nadbiskupom i papinskim nuncijem Andersom Sunesenom doplovila je 1206. do Otoka Saaremaa i osvojila ga. Danci su uspjeli sagraditi drvenu utvrdu, koju su napustili s dolaskom zime i povukli se u Rigu.

Danski kralj Valdemar II. krenuo je na Estoniju s golemom flotom od 1500 vojnika i iskrcao se 1219. kod Tallinna.

Danci su pored Lyndanisea započeli s izgradnjom nove utvrde Danskeborgen (iz nje je izrastao estonski glavni grad Tallinn). Estonci su se susreli sa Valdemarom II., predali se i pristali prijeći na kršćanstvo.
Međutim to je bio samo trik, jer su tri dana kasnije uvečer iznenada napali dansku vojsku s pet različitih strana, ali su se Danci uspjeli othrvati.
Nakon Bitke kod Lyndanisse 1219., Danci su podigli novu utvrdu, koju su 1220. i 1223. neuspješno opsjedali Estonci. U godinama koje su uslijedile čitav sjeverni dio Estonije došao je pod dansku kontrolu, što je dovelo do formiranja Vojvodstva Estonije.

Livonsko bratstvo mača bilo je nakon poraza u Bitci kod Saule 1236. Ugovorom iz Stensbyja 1238. primorano vratiti sjevernu Estoniju Danskoj.

Početkom 14. stoljeća prihodi danskih kraljeva, pod ugrozom holsteinskih grofova toliko su opali da se kraljevina našla pred bankrotom.
Zbog toga se novi danski vladar Valdemar IV. čim je postao kralj 1340. odmah upustio u konsolidiranje financija i 1346. prodao Dansku Estoniju, s kojom je i onako imao problema zbog čestih ustanaka Teutonskoga viteškog reda.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 History of Estonia

Povijest Estonije

Vojvodstvo Estonija (1219. – 1346.)


Greenville (Delaware)
 Greenville (Illinois)
 Greenville, Južna Karolina
 Greenville (Kalifornija)
 Greenville (Teksas)

Greenville


An Rhynchospora pirrensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni William Wayt Thomas. An Rhynchospora pirrensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Rhynchospora, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Rhynchospora

Rhynchospora pirrensis


Cold Blood, também conhecido como Cold Blood Legacy , é um filme de ação e suspense de 2019 escrito e dirigido por Frédéric Petitjean e estrelado por Jean Reno, Sarah Lind, Joe Anderson e Samantha Bond. Estreou em 15 de maio de 2019.

Sinopse
Quando um assassino aposentado encontra uma garota gravemente ferida perto de sua casa isolada à beira do lago, corre o risco de estragar seu disfarce para ajudar a garota ou deixá-la morrer.

Elenco

Recepção
O filme recebeu críticas geralmente negativas. A revista Variety chamou Cold Blood de "instantaneamente esquecível", o jornal The Observer o chamou de "thriller chato" enquanto a revista The Hollywood Reporter disse que, apesar de o filme apresentar "um cenário coberto de neve de tirar o fôlego" e ser "bem filmado", o "resultado é um filme tão sem sentido quanto sem graça".

Notas

Filmes em língua inglesa
Filmes da França de 2019
Filmes de ação da França
Filmes de suspense da França

Cold Blood


Julian Alden Weir (August 30, 1852 – December 8, 1919) was an American impressionist painter and member of the Cos Cob Art Colony near Greenwich, Connecticut. Weir was also one of the founding members of "The Ten", a loosely allied group of American artists dissatisfied with professional art organizations, who banded together in 1898 to exhibit their works as a stylistically unified group.

Biography
Weir was born on August 30, 1852, the second to last of sixteen children,  and raised in West Point, New York. His father was painter Robert Walter Weir, a professor of drawing at the Military Academy at West Point who taught such artists as James Abbott McNeill Whistler. His older brother, John Ferguson Weir, also became a well-known landscape artist who painted in the styles of the Hudson River and Barbizon schools. He was professor of painting and design at Yale University from 1869, starting the first academic art program on an American campus.  His niece was artist and educator Irene Weir.

Julian Weir received his first art training at the National Academy of Design in the early 1870s before enrolling at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1873. While in France he studied under the famous French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme, and became good friends with Jules Bastien-Lepage. Weir also encountered impressionism for the first time, and reacted strongly: "I never in my life saw more horrible things...They do not observe drawing nor form but give you an impression of what they call nature. It was worse than the Chamber of Horrors." He complained about the Impressionists in a letter from April 15, 1877, to his parents saying, "They do not observe drawing nor form but give you an impression of what they call nature". As a conservative academic painter at this stage in his career, Weir was esteemed by his European peers during his training years.

Weir met James McNeill Whistler in London before returning to New York City in 1877. Upon his return to NYC, Weir became a charter member of the Society of American Artists and continued exhibiting his work at the National Academy of Design, where he first displayed his paintings in 1875. He earned wages through portrait commissions and teaching art classes at the Cooper Union Women's Art School, the Art Students League and in private classes.

His works as a young artist centered on still life and the human figure, which he rendered in a realist style not unlike the work of Édouard Manet. This was supported by the fact that Weir purchased two paintings by Manet during the summers of 1880 and 1881, Woman with a Parrot and Boy with a Sword, for the New York collector Erwin Davis. It was clear by then that Weir was beginning to lose his previous staunch loathing for French Impressionism.

In the 1880s Weir moved to rural Wilton, Connecticut, after having acquired farm property, now the Weir Farm National Historic Site, through his marriage to Anna Baker in 1883. While here, he strengthened his friendship with artists Albert Pinkham Ryder and John Henry Twachtman. The art of Weir and Twachtman was especially well aligned, and the two sometimes painted and exhibited together. Both taught at the Art Students League. In 1889, the two artists exhibited and sold a large portion of their paintings at Ortgies Gallery in New York. Weir was also close friends with the still life and landscape painter Emil Carlsen who summered with Weir on his farm, before purchasing his own home in Falls Village, Connecticut. The pastoral setting of his farms often feature in his paintings. They were a healthy escape from the hustle and bustle of urban New York City. Weir loved working in the city, but it often became too much for him to bear. Branchville and Windham served as comfortable getaways. According to art historian Hollis Clayson, "Life on the street could often frustrate and aggravate, but contemplated from far off, experienced exclusively as a visual phenomenon, it could satisfy".

By 1891 Weir had reconciled his earlier misgivings about impressionism and adopted the style as his own. His one-man show at the Blakeslee gallery in the same year clearly displayed his newfound affinity for the Impressionist style. His work demonstrated a tendency for a lighter palette of pastel colors and broken brushwork akin to the Impressionists. His wife Anna died in 1892, but Weir remarried her sister, Ella Baker, the same year. By this new marriage, he inherited another farm in Windham, CT. This new site was now his rightful property, but it was not the first time he had ever seen the Windham farm. He had been there with Anna in years past. On his first stop there in 1882, the beautiful farm and surrounding village made quite an impact on him. He had this to say: "This is really the first Connecticut village that I have really ever known, & now I feel that a charm is connected with all villages, such as I have read of but never appreciated"

Weir gained further notoriety and in 1893, the American Art Association grouped his works together with those by Twachtman for a comparative exhibit with pieces done by Claude Monet and Paul Besnard. Such a prestigious event meant that the art world had taken notice of the American brand of Impressionism. Furthermore, Weir felt compassion for those who lost their jobs in the 1893 depression. Railroad bankruptcies led to unemployed workers, but Weir helped raise money for them with painting exhibitions.

During the remainder of his life Weir painted impressionist landscapes and figurative works, many of which centered on his Connecticut farms at Branchville and Windham. His style varied from traditional, vibrant impressionism to a more subdued and shadowy tonalism. He also became skilled at etching. As a rule, his paintings done after 1900 showed a renewed interest of the academicism prevalent in the work of his younger days, with subjects treated less realistically and a greater emphasis placed on drawing and design.

In 1897, Weir became a member of the Ten American Painters, generally known as The Ten, a group of painters who left the Society of American Artists in late 1897 to protest what they saw as the overemphasis on Classical and Romantic Realism over Impressionism by the Society. The Ten exhibited for twenty years until its demise, due to the death of members and the prominence of newer styles.

In 1912 Weir was selected the first president of the Association of American Painters and Sculptors, but resigned a year later following the association's sponsorship of the modernist Armory Show. Weir later became president of the National Academy of Design. He was a member of the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts from 1916 until his death in 1919. He was interred at Windham Center Cemetery in Windham, Connecticut.

Among Weir's pupils was the painter Harriet Campbell Foss.

Legacy

The most critically acclaimed painting by Weir is The Red Bridge from 1895. It is a technical masterpiece, displaying a truss bridge that spanned the Shetucket River down the street from Weir's Windham farm. He used complementary colors to unite the image with equal tonal quality and to depict the realistic reflection of the bridge seen on the water. While there is pictorial unity in the piece, Weir contrasted the bridge and its surrounding setting by placing the red bridge against the greens of woods and the blues of water and sky and by juxtaposing the geometric man-made bridge with the natural sinuous curves of the trunks and branches.

Today Weir's paintings are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.; the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D. C.; Brigham Young University's Museum of Art, Provo, Utah; the Portland Art Museum in Portland, Oregon; and the Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut. Weir's farm and studio at Branchville are protected as the Weir Farm National Historic Site; the Weir family continues ownership of the Windham farm. His papers are in the Smithsonian Institution's Archives of American Art.

See also
List of works by J. Alden Weir
The Ice Cutters, Weir painting
American Impressionism
Art Students League
Society of American Artists
Ten American Painters

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

Weir Farm National Historic Site
Lyman Allyn Art Museum

Julian Alden Weir works
Restoration of the Weir House & Studios
Weir family papers and photographs, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library. Brigham Young University

19th-century American painters
19th-century American male artists
American male painters
20th-century American painters
American Impressionist painters
Art Students League of New York faculty
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts faculty
Artists from Greenwich, Connecticut
People from West Point, New York
People from Ridgefield, Connecticut
1852 births
1919 deaths
American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts
Painters from Connecticut
Painters from New York City
Pont-Aven painters
20th-century American printmakers
Artist families
Weir family
20th-century American male artists

J. Alden Weir


Virginio Domingo Bressanelli SCI (* 1. Mai 1942 in Berabevú, Departamento Caseros) ist ein argentinischer Ordensgeistlicher und emeritierter römisch-katholischer Bischof von Neuquén in Argentinien.

Leben
Virginio Domingo Bressanelli trat der Ordensgemeinschaft der Dehonianer bei, legte am 29. September 1964 die Profess ab und empfing am 17. Dezember 1966 die Priesterweihe.

Von 1991 bis 2003 war er Generaloberer der Ordensgemeinschaft der Herz-Jesu-Priester.

Papst Johannes Paul II. ernannte ihn am 19. Februar 2005 zum Bischof von Comodoro Rivadavia. Der Altbischof von Comodoro Rivadavia, Pedro Luis Ronchino SDB, spendete ihm am 13. Mai desselben Jahres die Bischofsweihe; Mitkonsekratoren waren Marcelino Palentini SCI, Bischof von Jujuy, und Miguel Hesayne, emeritierter Bischof von Viedma.

Am 10. Februar 2010 wurde er zum Bischofskoadjutor von Neuquén ernannt. Mit dem Rücktritt Marcelo Angiolo Melanis SDB am 8. November des nächsten Jahres folgte er ihm als Bischof von Neuquén nach.

Papst Franziskus nahm am 3. August 2017 seinen altersbedingten Rücktritt an.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Geistlicher (20. Jahrhundert)
Koadjutorbischof
Bistum Comodoro Rivadavia
Generalsuperior
Dehonianer
Person des Christentums (Argentinien)
Neuquén (Stadt)
Person (Provinz Neuquén)
Argentinier
Geboren 1942
Mann

Virginio Domingo Bressanelli


William II the Young (died 12 December 926) was the Count of Auvergne and Duke of Aquitaine from 918 to his death, succeeding his uncle William I.

William was son of the Acfred I of Carcassonne and Adelinde, William I's sister and Bernard Plantapilosa's daughter. Immediately after succeeding his uncle, he made war on the Burgundians and Normans, who refused to accept Rudolph as king of France. His support of the king, however, was insincere. He later revolted and Rudolph led an army into Aquitaine, but was called back to defend the Rhine from the Magyars. William died soon after.

In 924 the duke Raoul of Burgundy came up to the Loire river and William was forced to make his submission to him. Upon which Raoul, relieved that such a powerful vassal accepted his suzerainty, gave him back the counties of Berry and Macon and the town of Bourges.

 Dukes of Aquitaine family tree

Sources
 Nouvelle Biographie Générale. Paris, 1859.
 Memoirs of the Queens of France. Anne Forbes Bush.

References

926 deaths
Dukes of Aquitaine
Counts of Auvergne
10th-century people from West Francia
10th-century Visigothic people
Year of birth unknown

William II, Duke of Aquitaine


Yasemin veya Jasminum, Oleaceae familyasına bağlı bir bitki cinsidir. Kuzey Amerika dışındaki bütün kıtalarda yabani olarak yetişir ve kokulu çiçeklere sahip çok yıllık bir bitkidir.

Yasemin türlerinin çoğu tırmanıcı yapıdadır. Genellikle iki ya da daha çok sayıda yaprakçıktan oluşan birleşik yaprakları vardır. Ama bazı türlerinde basit yapraklara da rastlanır. Beyaz, sarı, nadiren de olsa pembe renkli borumsu çiçekler açar. Meyveleri etli iki loplu ve siyahtır.

En çok yetiştirilen yasemin türlerinden biri Jasminum officinaledir. Anayurdu İran olan ve Akdeniz kıyılarındaki ülkelerde sıkça rastlanan bu bitki, parlak yaprakları ve hoş kokulu beyaz çiçekleriyle park ve bahçeleri süsler. Yasemin çiçeklerinden parfüm sanayisinde kullanılan değerli bir uçucu bir yağ çıkartılır. Jasminum sambac türünün kokulu çiçeklerinden ise yasemin çayı yapılır. Çin kökenli bir tür olan Jasminum nudiflorum ve Jasminum humile süs olarak yetiştirilen, sarı çiçekli bitkilerdir.

Taksonomi
Jasminum cinsine bağlı türler (2023):

 Jasminum dichotomum - Vahl
 Jasminum elongatum - (P.J. Bergius) Willd.
 Jasminum fluminense - Vell.
 Jasminum grandiflorum - L.
 Jasminum laurifolium - Roxb.
 Jasminum marianum - DC.
 Jasminum mesnyi - Hance
 Jasminum multiflorum - (Burm. f.) Andrews
 Jasminum nitidum - Skan
 Jasminum nudiflorum - Lindl.
 Jasminum officinale - L.
 Jasminum sambac - (L.) Aiton

Galeri

Konuyla ilgili yayınlar

Dış bağlantılar

Kaynakça

Oleaceae
Carl Linnaeus tarafından adlandırılmış taksonlar

Yasemin


Rețeaua de troleibuz din Piatra Neamț asigură transportul electric din oraș. Rețeaua a fost inaugurată în 22 decembrie 1995. Sistemul include linii către Dumbrava Roșie și Săvinești. În urma unei hotarâri a Consiliului Județean Neamț, s-a hotarât că incepând cu data de 23 septembrie 2019 să se suspende activitatea troleibuzelor și înlocuirea acestora cu microbuze.

Legături externe

Piatra Neamț
Piatra Neamț

Troleibuzele din Piatra Neamț


Carl Peter Holbøll (1795–1856) var en dansk officer i den danske marine.

Holbøll var inspektør for Nordgrønland 1825–1828, og senere inspektør for Sydgrønland (1828–1856). Da han havde denne stilling blev han interesseret i naturhistorie. Han beskrev hvidsisken (Carduelis hornemanni), som han navngav for den danske botaniker J.W. Hornemann. I en periode bar jagtfalken og den gråstrubede lappedykker hans navn. Omklassificering satte nye krav til navngivning, dermed faldt hans navn bort.

Holbøll var også botaniker og entomolog.

Arbejde
 Ornithologiske Bidrag til den grønlandske Fauna. Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift 4: 361-457. (1843)

Referencer
Biografisk Appendiks til The Dictionary of American Bird Names, Revised Edition, af Ernest A. Choate, The Harvard Common Press, 1985.
Henriksen, K. L. 1926: [Holboll, C. P.] Ent. Meddel. 15(5) 195, Portr.

Søofficerer fra Danmark
Ornitologer fra Danmark
Entomologer fra Danmark
Botanikere fra Danmark
Embedsmænd i Grønland
Personer fra København

Carl Peter Holbøll


Hint matematikçi Kaprekar (1905-1986) tarafından tanımlanan, dört basamaklı sayılara en fazla yedi kez aşağıdaki işlemler uygulandığında ortaya çıkan sabit 6174 sayısı.

İşlemler, tüm basamakları aynı sayıdan oluşmayan (2222 gibi - ilk adımda sıfır sonucunu verecektir) ve herhangi üç basamağındaki sayılar aynı olup kalan bir basamaktaki sayı bu sayıdan bir büyük ya da bir küçük olmayan (1112, 5565 veya 8788 gibi - ilk adımda 999 sayısını verecektir) dört basamaklı sayılara uygulandığında en fazla yedi adımda sıfır veya 6174 sabit sayısını verir.

 Yukarıdaki şartlara uygun dört basamaklı bir sayı alınır.
 Sayının basamaklarını büyükten küçüğe ve küçükten büyüğe doğru sıralayarak iki adet dört basamaklı sayı elde edilir.
 Elden edilen sayılardan büyükten küçüğü çıkarılır.
 2. adım tekrar edilir.

En fazla yedi adımda sıfır ya da 6174 sabit sayısı elde edilecek ve kısır döngüye girilecektir.

Örnek:

Matematiksel sabitler
Sayılar teorisi

Kaprekar sabiti


Ramzee Stanton, es un exbaloncestista estadounidense, nació en la ciudad de Filadelfia, Pensilvania, el 27 de septiembre de 1980. Jugaba de alero, estudió y jugó baloncesto en la Universidad de West Chester de Pensilvania. Debutó como profesional en Liceo Mixto de la División Mayor del Básquetbol de Chile aunque desarrolló la mayor parte de su carrera en Argentina.

Trayectoria

 2000-01 NCAA II : West Chester Rams
 2001-02 NCAA II : West Chester Rams
 2003-04 NCAA II : West Chester Rams
 2004-05 DIMAYOR : Liceo Mixto / LNB : Club Sportivo Ben Hur (Rafaela)
 2005-06 LNB : Club Sportivo Ben Hur (Rafaela)
 2006-07 LNB : Club Atlético Quilmes (Mar del Plata)
 2007-08 LNB : Club de Regatas (Corrientes)
 2008-09 LNB : Club de Regatas (Corrientes)
 2009-10 LNB : Club de Regatas (Corrientes)
 2010-11 LNB : Club de Regatas (Corrientes)
 2011-12 LNB : Estudiantes (Bahía Blanca) / LNB : Club de Regatas (Corrientes)
 2012-13 LNB : Asociación Atlética Quimsa (Santiago del Estero) / TNA : Monte Hermoso Básquet

Palmarés

Campeonato Nacionales

Campeonatos internacionales

Consideraciones personales
Mejor quinteto de la LNB: 2005-06.

Referencias

https://web.archive.org/web/20111012052743/http://basquetplus.com/jugador.php?id=327&idl=2&t=1&year=2010

http://www.pickandroll.com.ar/home/nota_imprimir.php?id_nota=5632

Baloncestistas de Pensilvania
Baloncestistas del Club de Regatas Corrientes
Baloncestistas del Club Atlético Quilmes Mar del Plata
Baloncestistas del Club Sportivo Ben Hur
Baloncestistas de la Asociación Atlética Quimsa
Baloncestistas de los Estudiantes de Bahía Blanca
Nacidos en Filadelfia

Ramzee Stanton


Shannon Wells Lucid (born January 14, 1943) is an American biochemist and retired NASA astronaut. She has flown in space five times, including a prolonged mission aboard the Russian space station Mir in 1996, and is the only American woman to have stayed on Mir. From 1996 to 2007, Lucid held the record for the longest duration spent in space by an American and by a woman. She was awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in December 1996, making her the tenth person and the first woman to be accorded the honor.

Lucid is a graduate of the University of Oklahoma, where she earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1963, a master's degree in biochemistry in 1970, and a PhD in biochemistry in 1973. She was a laboratory technician at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation from 1964 to 1966, a research chemist at Kerr-McGee from 1966 to 1968, and a research associate at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation from 1973 to 1978.

In 1978, Lucid was recruited by NASA for astronaut training with NASA Astronaut Group 8, the first class of astronauts to include women. She flew in space five times: on STS-51-G, STS-34, STS-43, STS-58, and her mission to Mir, for which Lucid traveled to the space station on  with STS-76 and returned six months later with STS-79. She was the NASA Chief Scientist from 2002 to 2003 and a capsule communicator (CAPCOM) at Mission Control for numerous Space Shuttle missions, including STS-135, the final mission of the Space Shuttle program. Lucid announced her retirement from NASA in 2012.

Early life
Shannon Wells was born in Shanghai, Republic of China, on January 14, 1943, the daughter of Joseph Oscar Wells, a Baptist missionary, and his wife Myrtle, a missionary nurse. Due to America's ongoing war with Japan, when she was six weeks old, the family was detained by the Japanese, who had occupied Shanghai at the time.  The three of them were imprisoned in an internment camp but were released during a prisoner exchange later that year. They returned to the United States on the Swedish ocean liner  and stayed in the US until the end of the war.

After the war ended, the family returned to China but decided to leave again after the Chinese Communist Revolution in 1949. They moved to Lubbock, Texas, and then settled in Bethany, Oklahoma, the family's original hometown, where Wells graduated from Bethany High School in 1960. She was fascinated by stories of the American frontier and wanted to become an explorer. She concluded that she had been born too late for this, but discovered the works of Robert Goddard, the American rocket scientist, and decided that she could become a space explorer. Wells sold her bicycle to buy a telescope so she could look at the stars, and began building her own rockets. Shortly after graduating from high school, Wells earned her private pilot's license with instrument and multi-engine ratings and bought a preowned Piper PA-16 Clipper that she used to fly her father to revival meetings. She applied for jobs as a commercial pilot, but was rejected, as women were not yet accepted for training as commercial pilots in the United States.

Wells attended Wheaton College in Illinois, where she majored in chemistry. She then transferred to the University of Oklahoma, where she earned her bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1963. She was a teaching assistant in the University of Oklahoma's Department of Chemistry from 1963 to 1964 and a senior laboratory technician at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation in Oklahoma City, from 1964 to 1966. She then became a research chemist at Kerr-McGee, an oil company there. At Kerr-McGee she met Michael F. Lucid, a fellow research chemist.  They married in 1967 and Wells took the name Shannon Wells Lucid. Their first child, Kawai Dawn, was born in 1968.

Afterward, Lucid left Kerr-McGee and returned to the University of Oklahoma as graduate assistant in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, where she pursued a master's degree in biochemistry. She sat for her final examinations two days after the birth of her second daughter, Shandara Michelle, in 1970. She went on to earn her PhD in biochemistry in 1973, writing her thesis on the Effect of Cholera Toxin on Phosphorylation and Kinase Activity of Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Their Brush Borders under the supervision of A. Chadwick Cox. She then returned to the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation as a research associate. A third child, Michael Kermit, was born in 1975.

NASA career

Selection and training

On July 8, 1976, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) issued a call for applications for at least 15 pilot candidates and 15 mission specialist candidates. For the first time, new selections would be considered astronaut candidates rather than fully-fledged astronauts until they finished training and evaluation, which was expected to take two years. The enactment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 reinforced the promise of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to address the persistent and entrenched employment discrimination against women, African Americans and minority groups in American society. While they had never been explicitly precluded from becoming NASA astronauts, none had ever been selected either. This time, minorities and women were encouraged to apply. Lucid's was one of the first of 8,079 applications received.

As one of 208 finalists, Lucid was invited to come to the Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston, Texas, for a week of interviews, evaluations and examinations, commencing on August 29, 1977. She was part of the third group of twenty applicants to be interviewed, and the first one that included women. The eight women in the group included Rhea Seddon, Anna Sims, Nitza Cintron and Millie Hughes-Wiley. On January 16, 1978, NASA announced the names of the 35 successful candidates, of whom 20 were mission specialist candidates. Of the six women in this first class with female astronauts, Lucid was the only one who was a mother at the time of being selected. George Abbey, the Director of Flight Crew Operations at JSC and the chairman of the selection panel, later stated that this was not taken into consideration during the selection process.

Group 8's name for itself was "TFNG". The abbreviation was deliberately ambiguous; for public purposes, it stood for "Thirty-Five New Guys", but within the group itself, it was known to stand for the military phrase, "the fucking new guy", used to denote newcomers to a military unit. Much of the first eight months of their training was in the classroom. Because there were so many of them, the TFNGs did not fit easily into the existing classrooms, so for classroom instruction they were split into two groups, red and blue, led by Rick Hauck and John Fabian respectively. Classroom training was given on a wide variety of subjects, including an introduction to the Space Shuttle program, space flight engineering, astronomy, orbital mechanics, ascent and entry aerodynamics and space flight physiology. Those accustomed to military and academic environments were surprised that subjects were taught, but not tested. Training in geology, a feature of the training of earlier classes, was continued, but the locations visited changed because the focus was now on observations of the Earth rather than the Moon.

Astronaut candidates had to complete survival training, be able to swim and scuba dive, and master the basics of aviation safety, as well as the specifics of the spacecraft they would have to fly. Water survival training was conducted with the 3613th Combat Crew Training Squadron at Homestead Air Force Base in Florida and parasail training at Vance Air Force Base in Oklahoma. On August 31, 1979, NASA announced that the 35 astronaut candidates had completed their training and evaluation, and were now officially astronauts, qualified for selection on space flight crews. Their training, which had been expected to last eighteen to twenty-four months, had been completed in fourteen. That of subsequent classes was shortened to twelve months.

Each of the new astronauts specialized in certain aspects of the Space Shuttle program, providing astronaut support and input. Lucid was involved with Spacelab 1 crew training, and the development of the Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory (SAIL) at JSC and Rockwell International's Flight Systems Laboratory (FSL) in Downey, California. She also worked on the Hubble Space Telescope and rendezvous proximity operations. She was at Edwards Air Force Base as a member of the exchange crew for the landing of the STS-5 mission in November 1982. The exchange crew took over from the flight crew after they had landed, and handled the post-flight activities. She was an astronaut support person (ASP) at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) for the STS-8 mission in August 1983. Also known as a "Cape Crusader", an ASP was an astronaut who supported vehicle and payload testing at KSC, and strapped the flight crew into their seats before takeoff. For the STS-41-B mission in February 1984 she was the backup ASP and once again a member of the exchange crew.

STS-51-G

On November 17, 1983, Lucid was assigned to her first flight, the STS-51-A mission. Tentatively scheduled for October 24, 1984, the mission would be commanded by Daniel Brandenstein, with pilot John O. Creighton and Lucid, Fabian and Steven R. Nagel as mission specialists. She would be the last of the six women in the TFNG group to fly. Due to slippages, the crew was reassigned to the STS-51-D mission in August 1984. This mission had a different payload, and it was scheduled to be launched on March 18, 1985. The mission was scrubbed just three weeks before the launch date. In May 1985 the crew was reassigned to the STS-51-G mission. A French astronaut, Patrick Baudry, and a Saudi Arabian prince, Sultan bin Salman Al Saud were assigned as payload specialists.

STS-51-G lifted off from Launch Complex 39A at KSC in the  on June 17, 1985. The seven-day mission was to deploy three communications satellites:  Morelos I for Mexico, Arabsat-1B for the Arab League, and Telstar 303 for the United States. The satellites were launched on successive days during the first three days of the mission. Lucid and Fabian operated the Remote Manipulator System (RMS) to deploy the satellites, which were boosted into geostationary transfer orbits by Payload Assist Module (PAM-D) booster stages.

Lucid also used the RMS to deploy the Spartan (Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy) satellite, which performed 17 hours of X-ray astronomy experiments while separated from the Space Shuttle, while Fabian handled its retrieval 45 hours later. In addition to the satellite deployments, the crew activated the Automated Directional Solidification Furnace (ADSF), six Getaway Specials and participated in biomedical experiments. Discovery landed at Edwards Air Force Base in California on June 24. The mission was accomplished in 112 orbits of the Earth, traveling  in 169 hours and 39 minutes (just over one week).

The publicity tour that usually followed a Space Shuttle mission included a trip to Saudi Arabia. Married women were not permitted to travel to Saudi Arabia without their husband, and Michael Lucid was unavailable, so Lucid decided not to go. A devout Christian, she disapproved of the way Saudi Arabia treated women. When the rest of the crew arrived in Riyadh, her absence was noted. This prompted a call from King Fahd of Saudi Arabia to President Ronald Reagan. Lucid went to Saudi Arabia and shook hands with the king, but she stayed for only one day.

STS-34

After the STS-51-G mission, Lucid was assigned to Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM) duty. She served as the CAPCOM for the STS-51-J mission in October 1985, the STS-61-A mission in November 1985, STS-61-B mission in November and December 1985, and the STS-61-C mission in January 1986. The January 1986 Space Shuttle Challenger disaster later that month halted Space Shuttle operations for 32 months while NASA conducted investigations and remediation. Flight crews were stood down. One consequence of the disaster was the Galileo project, an unmanned probe to Jupiter, which lost both its launch window and its ride due to the cancelation of the Shuttle-Centaur project.

On November 30, 1988, NASA announced that Galileo would be deployed by the  on the STS-34 mission, which was scheduled for October 12, 1989. The mission was commanded by Donald E. Williams, with pilot Michael J. McCulley and Lucid, Ellen S. Baker and Franklin Chang-Diaz as mission specialists. The launch was delayed for five days due to a faulty Space Shuttle main engine controller, and then for an additional day due to bad weather. Atlantis lifted off from KSC on October 18.

As the lead mission specialist, Lucid was primarily responsible for the Galileo spacecraft, and initiated its deployment by pressing a button to separate Galileo from Atlantis. Galileo was successfully deployed six and a half hours into the flight using the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS). As this was much less powerful than the Shuttle-Centaur upper stage, Galileo had to employ a gravity assist from Venus and two from Earth, and it took six years instead of two for the Galileo to reach Jupiter. "Both Ellen and I sighed a great sigh of relief, because we figured Galileo was not our concern at that point, because we'd gotten rid of it," Lucid reported. "Happiness was an empty payload bay and we got happier and happier as the IUS and Galileo went further away from us."

The mission also conducted a five-day Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet (SSBUV) experiment carried in the cargo bay, and experiments related to growth hormone crystal distribution (GHCD) and polymer morphology (PM), a sensor technology experiment (STEX), a mesoscale lightning experiment (MLE), a Shuttle Student Involvement Program (SSIP) experiment that investigated ice crystal formation in zero gravity, and a ground-based Air Force Maui Optical Station (AMOS) experiment. Lucid and Chang-Diaz operated the PM experiment, which used a laptop computer to collect two gigabytes of data from an infrared spectrometer to study the effects of microgravity on minerals. The crew filmed their activities with an IMAX camera. The mission completed 79 orbits of the Earth, traveling  in 119 hours and 39 minutes before landing at Edwards Air Force Base on October 23.

STS-43

In May 1990 NASA announced that Lucid was assigned to the crew of the STS-43 mission, which was scheduled to be flown in Discovery in April 1991. The mission was commanded by John E. Blaha, with Michael A. Baker as the pilot and Lucid, G. David Low, and James C. Adamson as the mission specialists. The objective of the mission was to deploy TDRS-E, a communications satellite that would form part of NASA's Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System.

The launch date was postponed to July 23, and the orbiter was changed to Atlantis. The launch was delayed by a day to replace a faulty integrated electronics assembly that controlled the separation of the orbiter and the external tank, and then the countdown was halted with five hours to go due to a faulty main engine controller, and the launch was postponed to August 1. Unfavorable weather prompted yet another 24-hour delay. Atlantis lifted off on August 2.

The crew deployed TDRS-E without incident using the IUS. The crew also conducted 32 physical, material and life science experiments, mostly related to the Extended Duration Orbiter and Space Station Freedom. These included experiments with the Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator ElementII (SHAREII), the Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultra-Violet (SSBUV) instrument, Tank Pressure Control Equipment (TPCE), and Optical Communications Through Windows (OCTW). There was also an auroral photography experiment (APE-B), a protein crystal growth experiment, testing of the bioserve / instrumentation technology associates materials dispersion apparatus (BIMDA), investigations into polymer membrane processing (IPMP), the space acceleration measurement system (SAMS), a solid surface combustion experiment (SSCE), use of the ultraviolet plume imager (UVPI); and the Air Force Maui optical site (AMOS) experiment.

Atlantis performed 142 orbits of the Earth, traveling  in 213 hours and 21 minutes. STS-43 was the eighth mission to land at KSC, and the first one scheduled to do so since STS-61-C in January 1986.

STS-58

On December 6, 1991, Lucid was assigned to STS-58, the Spacelab Life Sciences2 (SLS-2) mission. This was the second mission dedicated to the study of human and animal physiology on Earth and in spaceflight. The techniques developed for this flight were intended to be precursors of those to be conducted on the Space Station Freedom and subsequent long-duration space flights. Fellow TFNG Rhea Seddon was designated as the mission payload commander, with David Wolf, like Seddon a medical doctor, as the other mission specialist. Originally scheduled as one mission, the number of Spacelab Life Sciences objectives and experiments had grown until it was split into two missions, the first of which, STS-40/SLS-1, was flown in June 1991. The rest of the crew were not named until August 27, 1992. Blaha was designated the mission commander, with pilot Richard A. Searfoss and William S. McArthur Jr. as a fourth mission specialist. A payload specialist, Martin J. Fettman, was assigned to the mission on October 29.

The  with SLS-2 on board lifted off from KSC on October 18, 1993. During the fourteen-day flight the crew performed neurovestibular, cardiovascular, cardiopulmonary, metabolic and musculoskeletal medical experiments on themselves and 48 rats. The crew investigated the phenomenon of bone density loss. They also studied the effects of microgravity on their sensory perception, and the mechanism of space adaptation syndrome. To study this, on the second day of the mission Lucid and Fettman wore headsets, known as accelerometer recording units, which recorded their head movements during the day. Along with Seddon, Wolf and Fettman, Lucid collected blood and urine samples from the crew for metabolic experiments. They also drew blood from the tails of the rats to measure how weightlessness affected their red blood cell counts. They performed sixteen engineering tests aboard Columbia and twenty Extended Duration Orbiter Medical Project experiments. The mission completed 225 orbits of the Earth, traveling five million miles in 336 hours, 13 minutes and 1 second. Landing was at Edwards Air Force Base, California. On completion of this flight, Lucid had logged 838 hours and 54 minutes in space.

Shuttle-Mir

In 1992 the United States and Russia reached an agreement on cooperation in space so that Russian cosmonauts could fly on the Space Shuttles, and American astronauts on the Russian Mir space station. The prospect of a long stay on Mir was not one calculated to appeal to most astronauts: they had to learn Russian and train at Star City for a year to spend several months on board Mir carrying out science experiments with Russian cosmonauts. "I was wondering what it would be like to spend a long period of time in space," Lucid later recalled. "I told everybody I wanted to do it, and they couldn't find anybody else who had volunteered. So they said: 'Well OK, go do it.'" In January 1995 Lucid and Blaha joined fellow astronauts Bonnie Dunbar and Norman Thagard for Mir training in Star City. On March 30, 1995, NASA announced that Lucid would be the second astronaut to stay aboard Mir, after Thagard, who arrived on the space station on March 16.

Lucid's mission to Mir commenced on March 22, 1996, with liftoff from KSC aboard Atlantis on the STS-76 mission. Atlantis docked with Mir on March 24, and Lucid became the first American woman to live on the station. She joined cosmonauts Yuri Onufriyenko and Yuri Usachov, neither of whom spoke English. During the course of her stay aboard Mir, Lucid performed numerous life science and physical science experiments. She lit candles to study the behavior of fire in a microgravity environment; studied the way that quail embryos developed in their shells; grew protein crystals; and cultivated wheat in a tiny greenhouse. She injected herself with an immune system stimulant and collected blood and saliva samples to study the effects of microgravity on the immune system.

In her free time, she read books. One novel she enjoyed immensely was The Mirror of Her Dreams, but she reached the end only to find that it ended on a cliffhanger. "I floated there, alone in Spectra, in stunned disbelief, holding only volume one," she later recalled. "I was stranded, the impossibility of running to the local bookstore forefront in my mind... How could my daughter have done this to me? Who would send only one volume of a two-volume set to her mother in space?" She arranged for the second volume to be sent on the next Progress resupply freighter. She left her books on Mir for later astronaut visitors, but they became inaccessible after the Progress M-34 collision in June 1997. Thagard had warned Lucid about the Russians' fondness for jellied fish and borscht. She brought a supply of M&M's and jello with her, and lived on a combination of Russian and American food.

Lucid's return journey to KSC was made aboard Atlantis. The STS-79 mission docked with Mir on September 18, bringing Blaha as her relief, and landed back at KSC on September 26, 1996. One of the catches that released her helmet from the neck ring became stuck, and technicians had to use pliers and a screwdriver to remove it. During her stay on Mir, Lucid had spent nearly 400 hours exercising on a stationary bicycle and a treadmill, and was able to stand and walk off Atlantis. Administrator of NASA Daniel Goldin presented her with a giftwrapped box of M&M's, a gift from President Bill Clinton, since she had told him that she craved them.

In completing this mission Lucid traveled  in 188 days, 4 hours, 0 minutes. This included 179 days on Mir. Her stay on Mir was not expected to last so long but her return was delayed twice, extending her stay by about six weeks. As a result of her time aboard Mir, she held the record for the most hours in orbit by a non-Russian, and most hours in orbit by a woman until June 16, 2007, when her record for longest duration spaceflight by a woman was exceeded by Sunita Williams on the International Space Station.

CAPCOM

Lucid had a short cameo in the 1998 film Armageddon. From 2002 to 2003, she served as Chief Scientist of NASA. Starting in 2005, she served as lead CAPCOM on the Planning (overnight) shift at the Mission Control for sixteen Space Shuttle missions, including STS-135, the final mission. On January 31, 2012, she announced her retirement from NASA.

Later life
Lucid retired from NASA to take care of her husband Mike, who had dementia. He died on December 25, 2014. She later wrote about this experience in her book No Sugar Added: One Family's Saga of Dementia and Caretaking (2019). She wrote about her experiences on Mir in Tumbleweed: Six Months Living on Mir (2020).

Awards and honors
Lucid was awarded the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in December 1996 (for her mission to Mir), making her the tenth person and first woman to be given this honor. She was also awarded the NASA Space Flight Medal in 1985, 1989 (twice), 1991, 1993 and 1996; the NASA Exceptional Service Medal in 1988, 1990, 1992 and 2003 (twice); and the NASA Distinguished Service Medal in 1994 and 1997. She was inducted into the International Space Hall of Fame in 1990, the Oklahoma Women's Hall of Fame in 1993, the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1998, and the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame in 2014. In 2002 Discover magazine recognized her as one of the fifty most important women in science.

Bibliography

Notes

References

External links

 The Incredible Shannon Lucid

1943 births
Living people
American astronauts
Mir crew members
People from Bethany, Oklahoma
People from Oklahoma City
Recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor
Recipients of the NASA Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal
Scientists from Shanghai
Space Shuttle program astronauts
United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees
University of Oklahoma alumni
Women astronauts

Shannon Lucid


O Phonosuper SK4 é uma combinação de vitrola, rádio e toca-discos foi produzida pela empresa braun, em meados dos anos 50, e foi projetada pelos desenhistas industriais Dieter Rams e Hans Gugelot. O produto se tornou símbolo do desenvolvimento e recuperação da Alemanha além de ser um dos primeiros produtos no mercado a ter uma abordagem funcionalista. Tornou-se um dos símbolos de excelência do design alemão, que durante o princípio do século XX foi referência no mundo do design global.

Contexto Histórico

Alemanha após Segunda Guerra Mundial

Depois da guerra, na Conferência de Potsdam (1945), houve o consenso de quatro ações prioritárias que deveriam ocorrer na Alemanha: desnazificação, desmilitarização, descentralização da economia e reeducação do povo alemão para a democracia. Quatro anos depois do início da implementação das medidas estabelecidas pela conferência, os Aliados anunciaram duas novas repúblicas dentro do território alemão: uma ocidental e capitalista, a República Federal da Alemanha (RFA) e uma comunista, a República Democrática da Alemanha (RDA). Para que conseguissem se reerguer, ambas as nações contaram com o apoio de países estrangeiros. Na RFA, a situação só mudou depois que Ludwig Erhard assumiu o cargo de Diretor da Administração Econômica em 1948. Erhard sugeriu um ousado plano para restaurar a economia, que envolvia a reforma monetária em conjunto com uma completa abolição dos controles econômicos que haviam sido impostos pelos Aliados (Estados Unidos, França, Inglaterra e União Soviética). A partir desse momento a RFA caminhou a passos largos para uma "milagrosa recuperação econômica" e foi crucial para o surgimento de grandes empresas como a braun.

O Movimento Funcionalista

Um ponto importante para entender a formação do Phonosuper SK4 é o Funcionalismo. De acordo com Löbach o funcionalismo pode ser entendido como uma corrente de pensamento que privilegia as funções práticas em detrimento das funções estéticas e simbólicas de um projeto. Seu emprego na produção industrial resulta em produtos simples e livres de aspectos emocionais, além disso, toda a produção é pensada para um aproveitamento máximo dos recursos evitando desperdícios e reduzindo custos.

Design

A produção do Toca-Discos SK4 se deu na Alemanha após a Segunda Guerra Mundial, onde inovação, tecnologia e, principalmente, design representavam destruição em massa e tragédia. Frente a isso, a braun tinha uma nova missão ao lado de Dieter Rams: "Nosso objetivo era limpar e organizar. Tudo estava em caos na Alemanha e, para nós, era importante limpar aquilo e pensar de uma forma diferente."

Na braun, Rams ajudou a firma em sua nova abordagem com o design: projetos extremamente lógicos e despidos de ornamentos, uma vez que o designer alemão era adepto da máxima "A forma segue a função. A consequência disso foi um toca discos que destoava completamente de qualquer outro no mercado. Naquela época, os móveis, rádios e toca-discos possuíam princípios estéticos semelhantes: eram grandes, pesados e feitos em madeira bruta escura. O Phonosuper SK4 foi projetado em 1956 tornando-se uma inovação para o design de produto, inspirando até produtos no século 21. Enquanto os toca-discos continham uma tampa de madeira que escondia o produto, os designers que trabalhavam no SK4 pensaram na possibilidade de usar uma chapa de aço para a tampa, mas a partir da pesquisa viram que o material tinha um impacto negativo no som. A solução foi utilizar uma tampa de Perspex transparente para mostrar toda a beleza do produto, assim, o Hans Gugelot o batizou como o caixão da Branca de Neve, um clássico dos contos de fadas,  esse design estilístico foi rapidamente adotado por outros fabricantes.

Referências

Engenharia de áudio
Armazenamento de áudio

Phonosuper SK4


Kompatscher ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Andreas Kompatscher (1864–1939), Tiroler Bildhauer
 Arno Kompatscher (* 1971), Landeshauptmann von Südtirol (SVP)
 Florin Kompatscher (* 1960), Maler
 Gabriela Kompatscher-Gufler (* 1968), italienische Klassische Philologin

Kompatscher


مطابقة مشهد رقمي بمنطقة الارتباط هو نظام توجيه الصواريخ يستخدم في الصواريخ الجوالة. يعمل النظام بمقارنة صورة تؤخذ أثناء الطيران بصور قد تم تحميلها في نظام الصاروخ. يستخدم النظام عادة مع أنظمة أخرى ليزيد دقة السلاح، ويعمل في المراحل الأخيرة من طيران الصاروخ. إحدى الأسلحة التي يستخدم فيه النظام هو الصاروخ البي جي أم-109 توماهوك.

مصادر

توجيه الصواريخ

مطابقة مشهد رقمي بمنطقة الارتباط


Albrecht Durer යනු ජර්මානු චිත්‍ර ශිල්පියෙක් මුද්‍රණ කරුවෙක් හා න්‍යාය වාදියෙක් අදටත් සුප්‍රසිද්ධ ඔහුගේ නෙලීම් අතර මරණය යක්ෂයා හා නයිට්වරයා වේ. එමෙන්ම 1514 දී ශාන්ත ජෙරෝම් අධ්යයන කටයුතු සිදු කරද්දි හා 1514 දී Melencolia 1 ද වේ. ඒවා අතිමහත් විශ්ලේශණයන්හි හා අර්ත නිරූපනයන්හි විෂය විය. ඔහුගේ දිය සායම් චිත්‍ර ඔහු යුරෝපයේ ප්‍රතම භූ දර්ශන චිත්‍ර ශිල්පියෙක් ගණයේලා තබයි. එමෙන්ම ඔහුගේ ලී කැටයම් එම මාධ්‍යයේ විභවය විප්ලවයකට ලක් කළේය. උතුරු චිත්‍ර ශිල්පයට සම්භාව්ය මෝසතරාංග හදුන්වාදීම ඔහුගේ ඉතාලියානු චිත්‍ර ශිල්පය හා ජර්මානු මානව වාදය පිළිබද දැනුම තුළින් සිදු වු අතර එය ඔහුගේ උතුරු කලාව යලි ගොඩ නැංවීමේ වැදගත් චරිත අතර ස්ථානය සුරක්ෂිත කරන ලදී. මෙය ඔහුගේ ගණිතය පර්යාව ලෝකනය හා සත්‍ය සමානුපාතයේ මූළ ධර්ම අඩංගු න්‍යායික නිබන්ධනයේ පිළිබිඹුවේ.

ඔහුගේ සිත්තම් යුරෝපය තුළ වසය 20 ගණන් වලදීත් ඔහුගේ තත්ත්වය ගොඩ නංවන ලදී. එමෙන්ම ඔහු උතුරු යුරෝපයේ සදා කාලික පුනරුදයේ විශ්ෂ්ඨතම චිත්‍ර ශිල්පියා ලෙස මතභේදාත්මකව හැදින්වේ.

References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer

චිත්‍රය-ඇල්බ්‍රෙච්ට් ඪුරෙර්


Lars Rabenius henviser til blandt andre:

 Lars Georg Rabenius (1771-1846) – svensk jurist
 Lars Rabenius (1879-1960) – svensk jurist

Lars Rabenius