Antun (Ante) Rakijaš (? – klanac Ljupča kraj Plaškoga, 11. listopada 1871.), bio je hrvatski revolucionar, jedan od vođa Rakovičkoga ustanka.

Životopis
Ante Rakijaš bio je sin umirovljenoga kapetana kojega je austrijska vlast tjerala zbog nekakvih disciplinskih prekršaja, a on je svoje ogorčenje prama Austriji prenio i na sina. Bio je pravoslavnim vjernikom. Ante Rakijaš bio je kao dječak u štajerskome Grazu na školovanju. Bio je izučio dva zanata, mesarski i pekarski. Dne 25. lipnja 1864. godine upoznao se je Ante Rakijaš, tada austrijski vojni bjegunac iz svoje jedinice stacionirane u Peschieri, s Eugenom Kvaternikom u Torinu. Eugen Kvaternik došao je u svezu s Antom Rakijašem prijeko časnika Mažuranića, sinovca bana Ivana Mažuranića, koji je u to vrijeme kao austrijski vojni bjegunac služio u Mađarskoj legiji. Eugen Kvaternik u Anti Rakijašu pronašao je tada svoga glavnoga pomagača te je svojemu Dnevniku o Rakijašu napisao:

U studenome 1864. godine u Torinu planirali su Kvaternik i Rakijaš ustanak u Hrvatskoj za proljeće 1865. godine. Kvaternik je Rakijaša poslao u Dalmaciju i Vojnu krajinu. Rakijaš se je trebao prebaciti u domovinu i pristupiti daljnjim pripremama za ustanak. Pribavio si je putovnicu, koju je dobio od pruskoga konzula, za sve austrijske zemlje, te je otišao iz Torina u Anconu. U Anconu je otišao 12. siječnja 1865. godine. U Anconi čekao je prigodu za prebacivanje u Dalmaciju. Njegov se je boravak u Anconi neočekivano oduljio, te je tek u ožujku 1865. godine Rakijaš krenuo iz Ancone brodom kapetana Prospe Babarovića iz Milne. S njim je stigao u Milnu na Braču i kod njega se zadržao nekoliko dana, potom je otišao u Split, Lloydovim parobrodom, a odatle u Sinj. U Sinju, gdje se nije dugo zadržao, bio je kod franjevaca, no njegovi revolucionarni planovi ne naiđoše kod njih na razumijevanje ali ga oni nisu izdali već su ga uputili u Polaču, između Knina i Vrlike, kod prote Marka Kulišića. Putovao je i predstavljao se kao Svetolik Protić, beogradski trgovac koji je došao kupovati vino, a to mu je ime bilo upisao i u putovnici. U Polači je toga proljeća boravio u kući prote Marka Kulišića.

Njegov boravak u Dalmaciji nije dugo trajao jer ga je u Polači uhitila žandarmerija, te je završio u zatvoru u Kninu a kasnije u tamnici i tako nije niti dospio u Vojnu krajinu. Zadarski vojni sud osudio ga je na jedanaest mjeseci teške tamnice, a zbog bijega iz vojske na 50 batina. Nakon izdržane kazne bio je vraćen u svoju vojnu jedinicu na talijanskome ratištu odakle je ponovno pobjegao, a početkom 1867. godine ponovno je uspostavio kontakt, u Milanu, s Eugenom Kvaternikom koji je planirao novi ustanak u Hrvatskoj. Bio je to Kvaternikov i Rakijašev drugi pokušaj ustanka u Hrvatskoj. U Hrvatsku je krenuo krajem ožujka 1867. godine i trebao je stvoriti organizaciju ustanka, te pripremiti teren za Kvaternikov dolazak. U travnju javio se je Rakijaš Kvaterniku iz Poljica, a nakon toga Kvaternik nije imao od njega glasa niti ikakvih vijesti o njemu. Rakijaševa misija i ovoga puta bila je neuspješna jer je bio uhićen i osuđen na robiju te je poslan na izdržavanje kazne u mjesto Komoran, u Ugarskoj. Nije dugo bio na robiji jer je bio obuhvaćen općom amnestijom koja je bila proglašena prigodom krunidbe Franje Josipa I. za kralja Ugarske i Hrvatske, 8. lipnja 1867. godine. Eugen Kvaternik također bio je obuhvaćen tom amnestijom te se je iz emigracije u Hrvatsku vratio 2. srpnja 1867. godine. U prosincu 1867. godine javio se je Rakijaš Kvaterniku iz Komorana. Nakon toga vratio se je Rakijaš u Hrvatsku, bio je u svezi s Kvaternikom i putovao po Krajini šireći pravaške ideje. U domovini je Rakijaš bio u teškoj materijalnoj situaciji i bez stalnoga namještenja, radio je razne poslove na kojma se nije dugo zadržavao. Neko vrijeme bio je u Petrinji kod tetke a odatle otišao je u Zagreb gdje je došao 3. siječnja 1870. godine. Nakon Zagreba otišao je u Vranovinu gdje je bio u službi kod Bacha i tu je ostao do travnja iste godine odakle je otišao u Ogulin gdje je bio mjesec dana. Nakon Ogulina boravio je u Zagrebu. Eugen Kvaternik u svojemu dnevniku zabilježio je 9. svibnja 1870. godine da je Rakijaš "stigao iznenada kao grom" te ga je "neugodno dirnuo njegov dolazak" a došao je iz Osijeka gdje je radio, te reče kako "u službi ne može ostati u Osijeku, jer je i preteška i prosta, i pogibeljna uz mašine". Dana 28. svibnja 1870. godine Eugen Kvaternik napisao je u svojemu dnevniku: "Uran nemiran također sa sudbine svoje, nemoguć se glede službe i službovanja ničega dočepati. I piši i brzojavljaj danas, jedva mu se kojom krajcarom pomoći može". Kod svoje sestre, koja je bila udata za trgovca u Otočcu, bio je u lipnju i srpnju htijući se tu zaposliti i smiriti, no doskora javio je Bachu kako se ne će kod šogora primiriti te da "odstuplja" od djelovanja što je Kvaternik zabilježio u dnevniku 15. srpnja 1870. godine. Jedno vrijeme bio je i stražmeštrom gradske policije u Karlovcu gdje ga je namjestio gradski kapetan Fabijani, posredstvom Eugena Kvaternika. Oko polovice listopada 1870. godine putovao je po Krajini i agitirao za ustanak vrativši se u prosincu u Zagreb.

Rakovički ustanak i smrt

Ustanak je počeo tri dana ranije od dogovorenoga dne 7. listopada 1871. godine, uvečer, kada su došli iz Karlovca Ante Rakijaš, Eugen Kvaternik i Rudolf Fabijani u Broćanac gdje je bila osnovana Privremena narodna hrvatska vlada. U toj vladi Eugen Kvaternik bio je regentom, Ante Rakijaš ministrom rata, Petar Vrdoljak ministrom unutarnjih poslova, Vjekoslav Bach ministrom financija, Rade Čuić glavnim vojnim zapovjednikom ustaničke vojske a Antun Turkalj velikim županom ogulinskim.

Ustanak se je ranom zorom 8. listopada 1871. godine proširio na Rakovicu gdje je došao Kvaternik s ustanicima i s razvitim hrvatskim barjakom. U Rakovici je u kući trgovca Ive Vučića bio određen glavni stan hrvatske vlade. Istoga dana Eugen Kvaternik objavio je Proglas narodne hrvatske vlade. Ustanku su se uz Rakovicu pridružila i sela Broćanac, Brezovac, Mašvina, Plavča Draga i Močila. Također istoga dana u Drežnik pošli su Rakijaš i Rade Čuić s tri stotine ustanika kako bi pridobili selo za ustanak, no nije im uspjelo. Dne 9. listopada, u rano jutro, pošao je Kvaternik s ovećom skupinom ustanika prijeko Plaškoga u Ogulin htijući povesti sa sobom cijelu tamošnju kompaniju s kojom bi ušli u Karlovac te odatle u Zagreb gdje bi proglasili slobodnu hrvatsku državu, no nije im uspjelo otići dalje od Plaškoga u koji su ušli 10. listopada 1871. godine, oko podne. Iz Plaškoga su se morali povući. Dne 10. listopada 1871. godine proglašen je prijeki sud te su se ustanički redovi počeli osipati i od prvotnih 1.700 ustanika s Kvaternikom ostalo je njih oko 400.

Ante Rakijaš, Eugen Kvaternik i Vjekoslav Bach 11. listopada 1871. godine ubijeni su u zasjedi koju su im postavili Miloš Kosanović i Maksim Momčilović zajedno s tridesetak ostalih izdajnika iz ustaničkih redova, a u dosluhu s c. kr. majorom Stankom Rašićem. Bili su na putu iz Plaškoga prijeko Ljupča klanca i Močila kada su se toga dana, u zoru, ostatci ustanika uputili prema granici kako bi prebjegli u Osmansko Carstvo. Rakijaš na konju, Kvaternik i Bach u kočiji s kojima je bio i zarobljeni plaščanski trgovac Jovo Trbojević, bili su na čelu kolone a Rade Čuić jahao je na začelju kolone. Kada su došli do Momčilovića kuća odjeknuo je pucanj iz puške. Pogođen prvim hitcem "Rakijaš je počeo glavinjati na konju, ali je još imao toliko snage, da prema Vrdoljakovom svjedočanstvu, za koje je saznao od učesnika i očevidaca, prozbori: 'Ne poginusmo braćo od carskih pušakah, van kroz neveru, nevera je braćo, svi propadosmo!'". Nakon prvoga odjeknuo je i drugi pucanj pogodivši opet Rakijaša koji pade s konja. Nakon Rakijaša ubijen je Eugen Kvaternik, te potom i Vjekoslav Bach, a Rade Čuić, ranjen, na konju zamakao je u šumu.

Tijela ubijenih Rakijaša, Kvaternika i Bacha na mjestu ubojstva opljačkana su, a potom bačena u jarak pokraj ceste. Nakon neke dobi njihova tijela prevezena su u Rakovicu i zakopana u zajedničku grobnicu pokraj ceste što vodi za Drežnik gdje su ostali u neobilježenome grobu 50 godina. Godine 1921., o pedesetoj obljetnici Rakovičkoga ustanka, u organizaciji Družbe "Braća hrvatskoga zmaja", posmrtni ostatci Ante Rakijaša i njegovih suboraca Eugena Kvaternika i Vjekoslava Bacha preneseni su u Zagrebačku katedralu i pokopani uz Petra Zrinskoga i Franu Krstu Frankopana.

Spomen
 1933.: Podignut je spomenik Eugenu Kvaterniku i ustanicima u Rakovici koji je izradio kipar Marijan Matijević.
 Na mjestu gdje su 50 godina bili zakopani Eugen Kvaternik, Ante Rakijaš i Vjekoslav Bach, 8. listopada 2011. godine, otkriveno im je spomen-obilježje a postavili su ga članovi Družbe "Braća hrvatskoga zmaja".

Bilješke
"On je (i to prema Kvaternikovu svjedočanstvu u Dnevniku) navodno rođen u Predgradi u Hrvatskom Zagorju i to prema jednom neprovjerenom navodu rujna mjeseca 1840 (...)". "Odgovor bi svakako trebalo tražiti u Grazu, gdje se nalazi vojni arhiv Austro-Ugarske i gdje je Rakijaš bio u konviktu."
 O Rakijaševu boravku u Polači i u kući kod prote Kulišića pisao je Kulišićev sin Kosta u feljtonu Jedna tajna o Anti Rakijašu koji je izlazio u zagrebačkim Novostima u brojevima od 11., 12., 13. i 16. kolovoza 1928. godine. "Kad je Rakijaš došao u Polaču, bilo je već počelo proljeće i sjećam se da nije htio postiti. Bila je čini mi se korizma, išao je u crkvu, slušao liturgiju i krstio se po pravoslavnu."
 Stražmeštar u konjaništvu je istovrijednica naredniku u pješaštvu. "U vojsci Austro-Ugarske Monarhije čin narednika postojao je u pješaštvu, dok je u konjaništvu korišten naziv Wachtmeister, što je u hrvatski preuzeto kao stražmeštar. Izvorno je Wachtmeister bio zapovjednik straže na razini satnije te se kasnije razvio u vojni čin. Stražmeštar se također javlja već u Gazophylaciumu kao "sztrasa mester", uz niz ekvivalentnih termina na latinskom i grčkom: "vigiliarum præfectus, præfectus vigilium, noytostrategus, drundarius, phrurarchus". Stražmeštar kao službeni hrvatski naziv čina javlja se odmah po osnivanju Oružništva 1850. godine. Nakon stvaranja Domobranstva 1868. godine i na mađarskome i na hrvatskome jeziku upotrijebljen je doslovan prijevod njemačkoga termina Wachtmeister (mađarski őrmester, hrvatski stražmeštar), no nakon nekoliko godina u hrvatskom se dijelu Domobranstva uvodi naziv narednik, dok u mađarskom dijelu ostaje naziv őrmester."
Nije bio prisutan na sjednici kojom je predsjedao Eugen Kvaternik kada je formirao svoju revolucionarnu, privremenu vladu.

Izvori

Rakovički ustanak
Hrvatska vojna povijest
Revolucionari
Životopisi, Hrvatska

Antun Rakijaš


İngiltere'de geliştirilmiş kendini savunma sistemi; Jieishudan (Cişudan olarak okunur) Japonca'da "kendini savunmak için ölçüler" anlamına gelmektedir. Jieishudan yer dövüşü, boks gibi savaş sanatlarından unsurları içine alan melez bir savaş sanatı olarak sınıflandırılır.

Tarihçe

Jieishudan'ın kurucularından biri Ian Zeffdır ve 1980'lerin başlarından bu yana Birleşik Krallık'ta bir metoda bağlanmadan çalışılmaktaydı. Başlangıçta isimlendirilmemiş bir sokakta kendini savunma sistemi olarak gençlik kulüplerinde çeşitli çevrelerden gelen kendini savunmak isteyen gençlere öğretiliyordu.

Eğitmenler çeşitli savaş sanatlarından gelen kişilerdi ve herhangi bir karşılık beklemeksizin bu kulüplerde eğitim vermekteydiler.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Melez savaş sanatları
 Kendini savunma

Dış bağlantılar

 Jieishudan United Kingdom
 Jieishudan Video Klipleri

Savaş sanatları
Melez savaş sanatları

Jieishudan


Les Licmophorales sont un ordre d'algues de l'embranchement des Bacillariophyta  et de la classe des Bacillariophyceae.

Systématique
L'ordre des Licmophorales a été créé en 1990 par le botaniste et phycologue britannique  (1927–2010).

Description
Les cellules des Licmophorales sont hétérovalvaires (valves de formes différentes) et il y a ainsi un frustule « arrière » qui est celui qui possède une structure appelée « rimoportule ».

Les frustules sont également hétéropolaires (sommets de formes différentes) et sont donc composées d'un côté gauche et d'un côté droit.

L'épithèque du genre Licmophora (c'est-à-dire la moitié mature du frustule) a un cingulum comprenant cinq copules (une valvocopule et quatre plèvres).

Distribution

Liste des familles
Selon  :
 Licmophoraceae Kützing, 1844
 Ulnariaceae E.J.Cox, 2015

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Liens externes

Ordre d'algues (nom scientifique)
Bacillariophyta

Licmophorales


Höfði er et hus på Félagstúni i Reykjavík, hovedstaden i Island. Huset blev bygget i 1909 for den franske konsul i Island, Jean-Paul Brillouin og er tegnet af den norske arkitekt Olav Olson.

Huset er mest kendt for topmødet oktober 1986 mellem Ronald Reagan og Mikhail Gorbatjov. som blev et skridt mod afslutningen på den kolde krig. Inde i huset er USA's og Sovjetunionens flag hængt op i et kryds til minde om mødet.

Reykjavik by købte huset i 1958 og restaurerede det til dets tidligere pragt. Fra da er huset blevet anvendt til officielle modtagelser og festlige begivenheder.

Den 25. september 2009 på 100-årsdagen blev huset skadet i en brand. Alle værdifulde kulturminder blev dog reddet.

Historisk radioforbindelse
Huset blev først bygget senere i 1909, men stedet blev allerede brugt til den første radioforbindelse mellem Island og omverdenen 26. juni 1905. Forbindelsen blev opnået med kystradiostationen Poldhu i Cornwall i Storbritannien, hvorfra der blev sendt et signal der blev modtaget her.

Den engelske tekst på mindepladen lyder:

The Beginning of Free Telecommunications in Iceland

On June the 26th 1905 Iceland was first connected to the outside world by means of telecommunications.

The first wireless message was received here from Poldhu in Cornwall, England. The telecommunications equipment was provided by the Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co, at the suggestion of enterpreneur and poet Einar Benediktsson. Messages were received here until October 1906, when the operation was terminated due to a government granted monopoly on telecommunications in Iceland.

This memorial plaque was donated by Og Vodafone"

Galleri

Noter

Eksterne henvisninger

Bygninger, konstruktioner og anlæg i Reykjavik
Etableret i 1909

Höfði


Aloe lineata, es una especie de planta suculenta perteneciente a la familia de los aloes. Es endémica de Sudáfrica.

Descripción
Es una planta suculenta con pocos tallos, estos de hasta 1,5 m de altura en ejemplares adultos. Tienen 30-40 hojas por roseta, lanceoladas, de 200-400 x 40-90 mm, con la superficie superior plana o ligeramente canalizada, la superficie inferior convexa, claramente lineada,  de color verde brillante, con dientes en los márgenes a veces de color marrón. La inflorescencia  en forma de racimo simple de hasta 1,2 m de altura; con pedúnculo de 0,75-1 m de largo, brácteas oblanceoladas. Las flores de color rosa salmón a  rosa.

Distribución y hábitat
Aloe lineata se encuentra normalmente en la Provincia Oriental del Cabo y la Provincia Occidental del Cabo, en las zonas de bajas precipitaciones que pueden ocurrir en cualquier época del año.

Las diferencias entre esta especie y Aloe comosa,es que esta rara vez ha diversificado los tallos, y tiene inflorescencias mucho más altas y en el que los pedicelos son marcadamente curvos. Las anteras y estilos de A. comosa son mucho más exertos que los de A. lineata.

Taxonomía
Aloe lineata fue descrita por (Aiton) Haw. y publicado en Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 18, en el año 1804.
Etimología
Aloe: nombre genérico de origen muy incierto: podría ser derivado del griego άλς, άλός (als, alós), "sal" - dando άλόη, ης, ή (aloé, oés) que designaba tanto la planta como su jugo - debido a su sabor, que recuerda el agua del mar. De allí pasó al Latín ălŏē, ēs con la misma aceptación, y que, en sentido figurado, significaba también "amargo". Se ha propuesto también un origen árabe, alloeh, que significa "la sustancia amarga brillante"; pero es más probablemente de origen complejo a través del hébreo: ahal (אהל), frecuentemente citado en textos bíblicos.

lineata: epíteto latino que significa "lineal", en el que se refiere al patrón alargado de las hojas.
Variedades
 Aloe lineata var. lineata
 Aloe lineata var. muirii (Marloth) Reynolds
Sinonimia
 Aloe perfoliata var. lineata'' Aiton

Referencias

Enlaces externos

lineata
Flora de África austral
Flora de África continental
Plantas descritas en 1804
Taxones descritos por William Aiton
Plantas descritas por Haworth

Aloe lineata


Agrilus michielsi é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Curletti, 2009.

Referências

michielsi

Agrilus michielsi


منطقة فاماغوستا هي إحدى مناطق قبرص الستة. المدينة الرئيسية هي أهم ميناء في الجزيرة، فاماغوستا.

مراجع

.

مناطق قبرص

منطقة فاماغوستا


Krasnoje (, ) ist ein Ort in der russischen Oblast Kaliningrad. Er gehört zur kommunalen Selbstverwaltungseinheit Stadtkreis Gurjewsk im Rajon Gurjewsk.

Geographische Lage
Krasnoje liegt zwölf Kilometer östlich der Oblasthauptstadt Kaliningrad (Königsberg) und ist auf der Kommunalstraße 27K-379 über Solnetschnoje (Praddau) unweit der Föderalstraße A229 (ehemalige deutsche Reichsstraße 1) zu erreichen. Eine Bahnanbindung besteht nicht.

Geschichte
Der ehemals Wolfsdorf genannte Ort bestand bis 1945 aus mehreren großen Höfen. Zwischen 1874 und 1945 war Wolfsdorf in den Amtsbezirk Waldau (heute russisch: Nisowje) eingegliedert und gehörte somit zum Landkreis Königsberg (Preußen) (1939 bis 1945 Landkreis Samland) im Regierungsbezirk Königsberg der preußischen Provinz Ostpreußen.

Im Jahre 1910 zählte Wolfsdorf 153 Einwohner. Am 30. September 1928 wurde das Nachbargut Praddau (heute russisch Solnetschnoje) im Wesentlichen nach Wolfsdorf eingemeindet. Die Einwohnerzahl des erweiterten Ortes stieg bis 1933 auf 234 und betrug 1939 noch 230.

Infolge des Zweiten Weltkrieges kam Wolfsdorf mit dem nördlichen Ostpreußen zur Sowjetunion. Im Jahr 1950 erhielt der Ort die russische Bezeichnung Krasnoje und wurde gleichzeitig dem Dorfsowjet Nisowski selski Sowet im Rajon Gurjewsk zugeordnet. Von 2008 bis 2013 gehörte Krasnoje zur Landgemeinde Nisowskoje selskoje posselenije und seither zum Stadtkreis Gurjewsk.

Kirche
Bis 1945 war die mehrheitlich evangelische Bevölkerung Wolfsdorfs in das Kirchspiel der Kirche Arnau (russisch: Rodniki) eingepfarrt und gehörte somit zum Kirchenkreis Königsberg-Land II in der Kirchenprovinz Ostpreußen der Kirche der Altpreußischen Union.

Heute liegt Krasnoje im Einzugsbereich der evangelisch-lutherischen Auferstehungskirche in Kaliningrad (Königsberg). Sie ist die Hauptkirche der Propstei Kaliningrad in der Evangelisch-lutherischen Kirche Europäisches Russland (ELKER).

Weblinks
 Krasnoje bei bankgorodov.ru

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Rajon Gurjewsk (Kaliningrad)

Krasnoje (Kaliningrad, Gurjewsk)


Ismahane Lahmar (), née le  à Paris, est une réalisatrice et scénariste franco-tunisienne. Elle est surtout connue en tant que réalisatrice de courts et de longs métrages comme Rainbow, Woh ! et J'irai au diable.

Biographie
Elle naît le 25 octobre 1982 à Paris de parents tunisiens. Cependant, elle déménage en Tunisie après sa naissance et vit avec ses grands-parents jusqu'à l'âge de huit ans, avant de rentrer en France.

Après son retour, elle s'inscrit à l'université de Paris-XII pour étudier l'économie. Après avoir obtenu son diplôme en économie et gestion, elle déménage pour étudier les langues étrangères avec sa sœur. Au milieu de l'année universitaire, elle part en voyage au Canada et rejoint un ami chanteur pour une tournée au Québec. Durant cette période, elle se lance dans la réalisation de films.

Elle se forme au théâtre et à l'art dramatique à l'École supérieure de réalisation audiovisuelle de Paris. Plus tard, elle déménage à New York et obtient sa maîtrise en réalisation à l'université de New York. En 2008, elle fait ses débuts en tant que réalisatrice avec le court métrage Red Hope. Elle écrit ensuite le scénario du long métrage Al Yasmine avec le soutien de l'atelier Dubai Film Connection.

En 2010, elle décide de partir en Tunisie, avec le long métrage Under the Elbow. Cependant, elle change d'avis en raison des bouleversements politiques en cours. En 2014, elle réalise son deuxième court métrage, Rainbow, et le présente en juillet de la même année au cycle . En 2016, elle écrit et réalise le film Woh !, une comédie financée par le public tunisien. En 2019, elle fonde la société de production Madame Prod dans laquelle elle développe et accompagne des projets pour les femmes et le cinéma de genre.

Filmographie

Références

Liens externes

Réalisatrice française
Réalisatrice tunisienne de cinéma
Scénariste française de cinéma
Scénariste tunisienne de cinéma
Étudiant de l'université Paris-Est-Créteil-Val-de-Marne
Étudiant de l'université de New York
Naissance en octobre 1982
Naissance à Paris

Ismahane Lahmar


Uffe Tang (født 5. november 1971 i Grønbjerg, Ringkøbing) er en dansk journalist og spindoktor samt tidligere vært på TV2 News, redaktionschef og politisk redaktør i DR Nyheder.
Han er uddannet journalist fra Danmarks Journalisthøjskole i Aarhus i 1999 efter praktik på Morgenavisen Jyllands-Posten. Efter endt uddannelse kom han til Berlingske Tidende som redaktionssekretær. Efter fire år som avisens nyhedsredaktør rykkede han i 2006 til Christiansborg som politisk reporter for avisen. Her var han indtil han i 2012 kom til DR og kort efter overtog ansvaret for den politiske redaktion fra Ask Rostrup. Fra august 2019 - juni 2020 var han ansat hos TV2 Danmark som vært på TV2 News.

Fra 2022 er han ansat som spindoktor for  Kirkeminister, minister for landdistrikter og minister for nordisk samarbejde, Louise Schack Elholm.

I 2009 modtog han sammen med tre kolleger FUJ-Prisen for Fremragende Undersøgende Journalistik for en længere afdækningen af, hvordan Udlændingeservice (Udlændingestyrelsen) vildledte danske statsborgere om deres ret til at blive familiesammenført med udenlandske ægtefæller efter de særlige EU-regler om vandrende arbejdskraft. Ombudsmanden kritiserede både Udlændingeservice og integrationsminister Birthe Rønn Hornbech (V) for hendes rolle i sagen.

Uffe Tang blev i 2013 optaget i Kraks Blå Bog.

Journalister fra Danmark
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog

Uffe Tang


La central nuclear de Bushehr (en persa نیروگاه اتمی بوشهر) es una instalación atómica en Irán. Está situada 17 kilómetros al sureste de la ciudad de Bushehr, entre los municipios pesqueros de Halileh y Bandargeh en la costa del Golfo Pérsico. La central nuclear está ubicada sobre la unión de tres placas tectónicas.

La construcción de la central comenzó en 1975 con la participación de varias empresas alemanas, pero en 1979 las obras fueron paralizadas como consecuencia de la Revolución Islámica que vivió el país. Décadas después, en 1995, Irán y el Ministerio para la Energía Atómica de Rusia firmaron un acuerdo para la finalizar su construcción, acuerdo en el cual la empresa pública rusa Atomstroyexport sería la contratista principal. El desarrollo de las obras se retrasó varios años debido a problemas técnicos y financieros así como a la presión política de varios países occidentales. En 2007 se firmó un nuevo acuerdo entre Rusia e Irán en el que los segundos se comprometían a compensar económicamente por el sobrecoste y la inflación una vez terminadas las obras. La entrega de combustible nuclear de Rusia a Irán comenzó ese mismo año. La central nuclear de Bushehr empezó a aportar electricidad a la red eléctrica nacional el 3 de septiembre de 2011, siendo inaugurado oficialmente el 12 de septiembre con las asistencia a la ceremonia de Serguéi Shmatko, ministro ruso de energía, y Serguéi Kiriyenko, director de Rosatom.

El diseño de la central nuclear de Bushehr ha tenido que salvar dificultades técnicas al tener que adaptar sus instalaciones al clima propio de la región en la que se ubica. Su ubicación también ha tenido múltiples implicaciones en el plano político y de relaciones internacionales. En ese sentido está considerada como la primera central nuclear civil construida en Oriente Medio, y la segunda instalación nuclear en la región tras el Centro de Investigación Nuclear del Néguev, en Dimona (Israel).

Referencias

Bushehr
Energía nuclear en Irán
Relaciones Irán-Rusia
Empresas fundadas en 2011
Arquitectura de Irán del siglo XX
Provincia de Bushehr

Central nuclear de Bushehr


Archipelago est un film britannique réalisé par Joanna Hogg, sorti en 2010.

Synopsis

Edward est en proie à une crise du quart de vie. Il a récemment quitté son emploi en ville pour se rendre en Afrique, où il effectuera un travail bénévole pour promouvoir les rapports sexuels protégés et lutter contre la propagation du sida. Pour l'accompagner, sa mère Patricia et sa sœur Cynthia ont organisé des vacances en famille et une fête de bon voyage dans un cottage à Tresco sur les îles Scilly. Une invitation a également été adressée à l'ex-mari de Patricia, qui exprime la vague intention d'y assister. Sa mère et sa sœur ont considéré qu'il s'agissait de vacances réservées à la famille et ont interdit à Edward d'amener Chloé, sa petite amie, à son grand dam. Même à l'exclusion de Chloé, ils ont néanmoins invité quelques étrangers : Christopher, un artiste local qui a été embauché pour apprendre à Patricia à peindre les magnifiques paysages environnants, et Rose, une cuisinière professionnelle. Les choses commencent à s'effondrer et le voyage se transforme rapidement en crise mentale, en anxiété et en ressentiment. Edward commence à se demander si sa mère et sa sœur ont créé toutes ces vacances avec leurs propres arrière-pensées. Il semble tout prêt à se laisser dissuader de son voyage en Afrique, car il n'a pas la moindre idée de ce qu'il fera de sa vie après - et est sur le point d'essayer de séduire Rose. L'amère relation frère-sœur entre Edward et Cynthia déborde pendant les vacances et atteint son paroxysme après qu'Edward pense que ne pas inviter Rose à s'asseoir avec eux à table est ridicule. Cynthia insiste sur le fait que parce que Rose a été embauchée comme cuisinière, lui demander de les rejoindre serait inconfortable. Pour compenser cela, ils l'invitent à un repas au restaurant, que Cynthia gâche en se plaignant et en faisant toute une histoire à propos de la nourriture jusqu'à ce qu'Edward s'en aille avec colère. Le voyage d'Edward en Afrique commence à paraître improbable, éclipsé par la beauté exotique des îles Scilly. Marre des disputes constantes au sein de la famille, Rose décide de partir plus tôt que prévu. Elle laisse un mot dans la cuisine pour qu'Edward le trouve. Vers la fin, Edward et Cynthia se réconcilient ainsi qu'avec leur mère avant de dire adieu à Christopher. Sans jamais avoir vu le mari de Patricia, le trio fait ses valises et dit au revoir à la maison. Ils montent à bord d'un hélicoptère pour rentrer sur le continent et reprennent leur vie quotidienne.

Fiche technique

 Titre français : Archipelago
 Réalisation et scénario : Joanna Hogg
 Direction artistique : Sonya Yu
 Costumes : Stéphane Collonge
 Photographie : Ed Rutherford
 Montage : Helle le Fevre
 Pays d'origine : Royaume-Uni
 Format : Couleurs - 1,85:1 - Dolby Digital
 Genre : drame
 Durée : 114 minutes
 Dates de sortie :
 Royaume-Uni : 2007
 France :

Distribution
 Tom Hiddleston : Edward
 Kate Fahy : Patricia
 Lydia Leonard : Cynthia
 Amy Lloyd : Rose
 Christopher Baker : Christopher

Notes et références

Liens externes

Film britannique sorti en 2010
Film dramatique britannique

Archipelago (film)


Stadio delle Alpi (Delle Alpi Stadyumu) İtalya'nın Torino kentinde bulunan futbol ve atletizm mücadelelerine ev sahipliği yapan stadyumdur. 1990 FIFA Dünya Kupası organizasyonu öncesi tamamlanmıştır.

Stadyum ismin Torino kentine yakın olan Alp Dağları'ndan almıştır. Torino FC ve Juventus futbol maçlarını stadyumda yapmıştır. Torino FC, 2006 yılında Kış Olimpiyat Oyunları için yapılan Torino Olimpiyat Stadyumu (Stadio Grande Torino)'na taşınmıştır. Stadyum 2009 yılında yıkılmış ve yerine Juventus Arena yapılmıştır. Juventus 2011 yılında kendi stadyumu olan Juventus Arena'ya taşınmıştır.

FIFA 04 isimli bilgisayar oyununun video ve fotoğraf çekimleri bu statta yapılmıştır.

İtalya'daki eski yapılar
Yıkılmış stadyumlar
İtalya'daki stadyumlar
Torino'daki yapılar
Torino'da spor
1990 FIFA Dünya Kupası stadyumları
1990'da tamamlanan altyapı

Alpler Stadyumu


Romãs Portekiz'de Sátão belediyesine bağlı olan, 33,74 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 1.099 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Sátão

Romãs


El yacimiento de Bernissart (Bernissart, Provincia de Henao, Bélgica) es conocido principalmente por haber proporcionado 28 esqueletos fósiles completos de Iguanodon, uno de los dinosaurios mejor conocidos gracias a este yacimiento. También se han recuperado restos de un dinosaurio carnívoro, dos especies de cocodrilo, dos tortugas, quince de peces (con más de 3000 ejemplares), artrópodos y restos vegetales. El yacimiento se formó en el Cretácico temprano, hace entre 130 y 112 millones de años atrás (Barremiense medio - Aptiense temprano).

La génesis y estructura del yacimiento es muy peculiar, pues se formó en una zona pantanosa bajo la que había una dolina que engullía los sedimentos que allí se iban depositando gradualmente. Así se formó la acumulación de arcillas en una «chimenea» cárstica de 150 a 200 metros de diámetro. El sumidero continúa centenares de metros en profundidad, relleno por derrubios de rocas carboníferas.

Los primeros fósiles aparecieron por casualidad en 1878 en el interior de una mina de carbón, durante la excavación de una galería a 322 m de profundidad. Se encontraban en el relleno arcilloso cretácico de una chimenea cárstica vertical que atravesaba las calizas con carbón paleozoicas que estaban explotando. Los mineros denominaron posteriormente «bolsada de los iguanodontes» («cran» aux iguanodons) a esta formación de arcillas con fósiles. Las excavaciones paleontológicas se realizaron durante tres años, hasta 1881; posteriormente, en 1921, la mina se inundó y cerró definitivamente.

Durante las ocupaciones de Bélgica por los alemanes en las dos guerras mundiales se intentó la extracción de nuevos fósiles para los museos germanos, pero dificultades técnicas favorecidas por la resistencia belga lo impidieron en ambos casos.

Geología

El yacimiento de Bernissart se ubica en los sedimentos que inician el relleno de la cuenca mesozoico-cenozoica de Mons, en su borde norte. La cuenca tiene una forma alargada de dirección E-O y el sustrato Paleozoico lo forman calizas con capas de carbón y lutitas del Carbonífero, pertenecientes a la cuenca hullera de Henao.

Sobre la superficie carstificada de calizas carboníferas, y con un hiato de más de 200 millones de años, comenzaron a depositarse entre el Barremiense medio o el Aptiense temprano, las «arcillas de Bernissart», negras, muy ricas en materia orgánica, en ambientes continentales lacustres y palustres con aguas pobres en oxígeno. En la región, además de las arcillas de Bernissart, que no afloran hoy en superficie, existen varios afloramientos discontinuos de sedimentos detríticos en facies de tipo Weald («wealdienses»), como la Formación Arcilla de Baudour (Saint-Ghislain), o las arenas y gravas de Thieu (Le Rœulx).

Por otro lado, y simultáneamente, las calizas del sustrato paleozoico sufrieron procesos de carstificación, disolviéndose en algunos niveles profundos calizas, sales y anhidritas. En algunos lugares, debido a estos procesos de disolución, se formaron «chimeneas» —tubos verticales de 100 a 300 metros de diámetro y varios centenares de metros de altura—, desarrolladas de abajo a arriba, provocando el progresivo hundimiento de las capas superiores en su avance hacia la superficie. Las que llegaron a abrirse al exterior formaron dolinas y actuaron como trampas de sedimentos. En la cuenca hullera de Henao se han contabilizado más de 100 de estos sumideros, que en la terminología minera de la zona se denominan crans (bolsadas), rellenos con materiales no más recientes al Cretácico.

El sumidero cárstico de Bernissart modeló una zona algo más deprimida en la superficie, que condicionó que se concentraran las aguas como zona pantanosa. El hundimiento progresivo iba «engullendo» lentamente lo que allí se depositaba, condicionando la acumulación de nuevos sedimentos. La plasticidad de las arcillas permitió que se fueran amoldando paulatinamente a la forma de la chimenea cárstica por la presión de los siguientes aportes, preservando asimismo los huesos fósiles que portaban, conformando así el peculiar relleno de la «bolsada con los iguanodontes». La chimenea de Bernissart es de sección elíptica, con diámetros entre 200 y 150 metros y bajo el relleno de las arcillas de Bernissart está ocupada por brechas de materiales carboníferos colapsados.

Tras la sedimentación de las «arcillas wealdienses» se manifiesta en la cuenca una transgresión marina durante el Albiense, con calizas bioclásticas con glauconita, arenas y margas. No hay indicios de que se continúen, a partir de esta nueva situación, los procesos cársticos subterráneos que dieron lugar a las trampas de sedimentos, que quedaron selladas definitivamente. La sedimentación marina continuará rellenando la cuenca durante todo el Cretácico tardío hasta el final del Paleoceno, cuando la cuenca deja de estar activa.

En la actualidad (Holoceno), se están desarrollando nuevamente dolinas sobre las calizas carboníferas en la región, en condiciones superficiales muy diferentes a las del Cretácico, pero que responden a procesos cársticos en profundidad similares a los de entonces.

Origen hidrotermal de la carstificación profunda
Según Quinif (2009) la carstificación causante de las profundas chimeneas, que afectan a las calizas carboníferas de la región, es también responsable de una intensa carstificación a nivel regional que provocó la subsidencia general del sustrato carbonífero durante el Cretácico temprano. Atribuye la intensa disolución en niveles profundos del Pensilvánico a la actividad hidrotermal, con aguas freáticas muy calientes, químicamente agresivas, que actuarían por lo menos desde el Cretácico temprano, en una situación de tectónica distensiva, hasta el Turoniense (inicios del Cretácico tardío), cuando se produce la fuerte transgresión marina.

Paleontología

Sistemática
Relación de taxones identificados en el yacimiento:

Protozoos
 Entamoebites antiquus, cistos encontrados en coprolitos de dinosaurio carnívoro.

Vegetación

 Weichselia reticulata, un helecho común en el Cretácico, de varios metros de altura con raíces aéreas. Restos fragmentarios muy abundantes.
 Coníferas, restos muy escasos: madera, conos, gotas de ámbar.
No se han encontrado restos de plantas caducifolias.

Trematodos y nematodos
 Digenites proterus, fósiles de huevos de trematodos encontrados en coprolitos de dinosaurio carnívoro.
 Ascarites priscus y A. gerus, fósiles de huevos de nematodos encontrados en coprolitos de dinosaurio carnívoro.

Artrópodos
Se han recuperado dos restos de insectos: una larva y un fragmento del ala de un hemíptero (Hylaenoneura lignei).

Peces

Los peces son el grupo mejor representado y más diversificado del yacimiento, con más de 3000 restos pertenecientes a quince especies, catorce de las cuales se describieron por primera vez en este yacimiento.
 Osteíctios:
 Orden Palaeonisciformes: Coccolepis macropterus
 Orden Pycnodontiformes: Lepidotes bernissartensis, L. brevifulcratus, L. arcuatus, Turbomesodon bernissartensis.
 Orden Amiiformes: Callopterus insignis, Amiopsis dolloi, A. lata, Notagogus parvus.
 Orden Pholidophoriformes: Pholidophorus obesus, Pleuropholis sp.
 Orden Gonorhynchiformes: Aethalionopsis robustus.
 Orden Salmoniformes: Pattersonella formosa, Nybelinoides brevis.
 Teleósteos:
 Orden Elopiformes: Arratiaelops vectensis.

Anfibios
Una primitiva salamandra, Hylaeobatrachus croyii: un ejemplar de ocho centímetros de longitud bien preservado, con el esqueleto completo y una clara impresión de las branquias.

Reptiles

 Tortugas: Chitracephalus dumonii, Peltochelys duchasteli.
 Cocodrilos: Goniopholis simus, Bernissartia fagesii.
 Ornitópodos: Iguanodon bernissartensis, Dollodon seelyi.
 Terópodos: Theropoda indet. (¿Altispinax dunkeri?), representado en el yacimiento por una única falange y decenas de coprolitos.

Paleoecología
Los escasos restos de madera muestran claros anillos de crecimiento, lo que indica una alternancia de estaciones secas y húmedas.

La presencia de peces del orden Amiiformes puede indicar la presencia de aguas estancadas, pobres en oxígeno, del tipo que se pueden encontrar hoy en los manglares y pantanos de los Everglades de Florida.

Las tortugas encontradas pertenecen a grupos cuyos representantes actuales solo viven en medios dulceacuícolas.

En otras formaciones «wealdenses» de la región se han identificado restos de cupresáceas, araucariáceas y taxodiáceas, proporcionando una visión más amplia de la diversidad paleoambiental regional de la época.

En los coprolitos de dinosaurio carnívoro se han detectado cistos de protozoos y huevos de helmintos, el registro más antiguo de parasitismo por protozoos y helmintos en vertebrados terrestres.

Biocronología
El yacimiento ha sido datado biocronológicamente por polen fósil entre el Barremiense medio y el inicio del Aptiense (Cretácico Inferior), es decir entre 130 y 112 millones de años atrás.

Historia

Descubrimiento
Los primeros fósiles se encontraron casualmente en el pozo Santa Bárbara de la mina de carbón de Bernissart, a 322 metros de profundidad. A finales de marzo de 1878 se estaba perforando una galería horizontal para atravesar una bolsada arcillosa que cortaba verticalmente una de las capas de carbón y poder proseguir la explotación al otro lado. Uno de los mineros, Jules Créteur, se encontró en la arcilla con lo que pensó eran troncos rellenos de oro (realmente huesos fósiles impregnados de pirita). El director de la mina, G. Fagès, los interpretó correctamente como restos óseos con pirita, confirmándolo un médico local al que se los enseñó un capataz en un café de la villa. En los días siguientes siguieron apareciendo osamentas, por lo que se avisó a un reconocido ingeniero de minas, L. F. Cornet, que bajó al pozo el 8 de abril. Cornet mostró algunos fragmentos de fósiles al zoólogo de la Universidad de Lovaina P. J. van Beneden, quien identificó las piezas dentarias como pertenecientes a Iguanodon (fue van Beneden quien posteriormente, el 7 de mayo, dio la primera noticia pública de los hallazgos en una conferencia de la Real Academia de Ciencias).

Los fósiles encontrados empezaron a deshacerse rápidamente al sacarlos al exterior, debido a lo que entonces se llamaba «enfermedad de la pirita», así que el 12 de abril, Fagès, comunicó los hallazgos a la Administración de Minas y el mismo día se envió un telegrama al Museo de Bruselas pidiendo ayuda urgente:

Excavaciones

Louis de Pauw, conservador del Museo de Bruselas, llegó a Bernissart el 13 de abril. Conocedor de las técnicas de preservación de los restos, propuso encargarse de las excavaciones y la conservación de los hallazgos, a condición de que el material encontrado se cediese al museo de Bruselas. El consejo de administración de la empresa explotadora, Charbonnage de Bernissart, autorizó los trabajos y el estado Belga asignó recursos extraordinarios para desarrollarlos. De Pauw contó con dos laborantes del museo y ocho mineros.

Los primeros trabajos tuvieron lugar de mayo a octubre de 1878, extrayéndose cinco esqueletos de iguanodonte. En el mes de agosto un terremoto causó un corrimiento de tierras que tuvo encerrado al equipo de trabajo en la mina durante un par de angustiosas horas. Los trabajos se tuvieron que interrumpir en octubre por la inundación de la galería, consecuencia de los movimientos de tierras. Tras instalarse bombas de achique, se reiniciaron en agosto de 1879 en el mismo lugar, recuperando otros catorce esqueletos de Iguanodon, dos de cocodrilo y otros dos de tortuga.

En el mismo nivel, a 322 metros de profundidad, en la galería que se estaba perforando para atravesar la boslada de arcillas, se encontraron ocho esqueletos del Iguanodon y uno de cocodrilo, todos en los últimos veinte metros antes del límite con las calizas carboníferas.

En 1881 se había perforado una nueva galería a 356 metros de profundidad que también atravesaba la «bolsada de los iguanodontes»; el relleno ahora, a esta profundidad, era de solo ocho metros de diámetro. Se recuperaron aquí otros tres esqueletos de iguanodonte.

La saturación de los almacenes y depósitos habilitados al efecto por el Museo obligaron a paralizar los trabajos en 1881, se habían enviado 130 toneladas de bloques con huesos extraídos de la mina. Debían además procesar el material extraído y las subvenciones oficiales ya habían alcanzado los 70 000 francos belgas de la época. Fue el final definitivo de las excavaciones. La mina, inundada, fue cerrada en 1921.

Intentos de reapertura
Durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, cuando Bélgica fue ocupada por los alemanes, se hicieron preparativos por iniciativa del paleontólogo Otto Jaekel, de la Universidad de Greifswald, para reabrir la mina para la obtención de esqueletos de iguanodonte, en los que varios museos alemanes estaban muy interesados. Para ello se comenzó a perforar una nueva galería a una profundidad intermedia entre las dos ya exploradas. Los trabajos fueron muy lentos, parece que favorecido por una cierta mala disposición de los belgas. Los responsables de la ocupación no quisieron forzar a los mineros de Bernissart como pretendía Jaekel, opuestos a la extracción de sus iguanodontes, pues les interesaba más la obtención del carbón belga sin disturbios con los mineros. En cualquier caso, la evacuación alemana, con el fin de la guerra, llegó antes de que se alcanzaran niveles fosilíferos.

Tras la guerra, se estudió la posibilidad de continuar los trabajos, pero el alto costo económico impidió su puesta en marcha.

Durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial un nuevo intento alemán de continuar la extracción de fósiles fue saboteado por la resistencia.

En la década de 1980 un proyecto privado, Recherche des Iguanodons, intentó conseguir fondos para reabrir la mina. Según sus cálculos podría haber aún hasta 25 000 esqueletos de Iguanodon.

Prospecciones recientes
Con el fin de determinar con detalle la geología del yacimiento y evaluar el posible contenido fósil que permanece in situ, en 2002 se realizaron tres sondeos en la «bolsada de los iguanodontes» con recuperación de testigo y aparatos de medida, que alcanzaron los 400 m de profundidad. En uno de los sondeos se extrajeron muestras de hueso y dientes de Iguanodon, a 296,5 y 309 m de profundidad, demostrando que el yacimiento no está agotado y aún puede contener abundantes fósiles.

Preparación y conservación de los restos

Tratamiento
La pirita (disulfuro de hierro) en los huesos se alteraba a sulfato de hierro dañando los restos, agrietándolos y desmenuzándolos. Los fósiles, cuando estaban aislados en la arcilla del yacimiento, se encontraban en un ambiente anóxico que evitaba el proceso, pero la reacción química natural comenzó cuando fueron expuestos al aire. Para detener esta «enfermedad de la pirita», los huesos procedentes del yacimiento fueron tratados con una gelatina elaborada con cola de carpintero y la pirita extraída manualmente. De una sola vértebra de Iguanodon se llegó a obtener un kilogramo de pirita. Con este método se estuvieron procesando los restos recuperados hasta 1905.

En 1933 se desmontaron todos los esqueletos de Iguanodon y fueron tratados de nuevo, pues los cambios de humedad y temperatura estaban volviendo a dañar los restos. Esta vez se preparó un baño en una solución de alcohol y goma laca. El montaje para su posterior exposición se realizó en dos grandes vitrinas de temperatura y humedad más estables. El proceso duró cuatro años.

El último tratamiento general se realizó en 2004, durante tres años se restauraron completamente todas las piezas. Se reforzaron con una solución de acetato de polivinilo sintético en acetona y alcohol y se sustituyeron las vitrinas de la exposición.

Montaje

El primer montaje de un Iguanodon de Bernissart —o lo que es lo mismo, el primer montaje de un dinosaurio completo de la historia—, se llevó a cabo en 1882 por Louis de Pauw bajo la dirección de Louis Dollo, en el taller que el Museo tenía en la capilla de San Jorge del Palacio Nassau de Bruselas. Para su representación en una postura natural se usaron como modelos los esqueletos de un canguro y de un avestruz. Un dibujo a escala natural de los huesos en su posición sirvió de guía mientras los huesos fósiles se colgaban de cuerdas pendientes de un andamio construido al efecto. Para el montaje definitivo se usó una estructura metálica, el mismo sistema usado en todos los montajes posteriores.

Exhibición
El primer espécimen de Iguanodon bernissartensis montado fue expuesto en 1883 en el patio del Palacio Nassau, protegido por una vitrina. La siguiente ubicación, esta vez una vitrina con cinco ejemplares, fue en el exterior del Museo, tras el traslado a su emplazamiento actual, mucho más amplio, en el parque Leopoldo.

Desde 1902 la exhibición se realiza en una nueva sala del Museo construida expresamente para albergarla. Consta de ocho de los ejemplares de Iguanodon y el de Dollodon montados erguidos y otros diecinueve iguanodontes mostrados como fueron encontrados. Asimismo se exhiben los cocodrilos, tortugas, peces y restos vegetales.

Otro de los ejemplares de Iguanodon originales está expuesto, montado erguido, en un pequeño museo ad oc en la ciudad de Benissart, cedido por el museo de Bruselas.

Se exhiben réplicas del iguanodonte de Bernissart en el Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Oxford y en el Museo Sedgwick de Ciencias de la Tierra en Cambridge.

Notas y referencias

 Simonnot, Jean (2009). La Saga à Bernissart, le pays des iguanodons. Saga Information. 285: 7-11

Enlaces externos
 Museo del Iguanodonte de Bernissart

Accidentes kársticos
Cretácico
Valonia
Bernissart
Minas subterráneas de carbón
Minas abandonadas
Ciencia de 1878

Yacimiento de Bernissart


විද්‍යා ප්‍රබන්ධ රූපවාහිනී කතාමාලාවක් වන ද එක්ස්-ෆයිල්ස්හි පස්වන කථාවාරය 1997 නොවැම්බර් 2 සිට එක්සත් ජනපදයේ ෆොක්ස් ජාලය ඔස්සේ විකාශය ඇරඹි අතර, 1998 මැයි 17 දින එය සමාප්ත වූයේ කථාංග 20ක් විකාශය කිරීමෙන් අනතුරුවයි. මෙම කථාවාරය කැනඩාවේ වැන්කූවර්හි රූගත කළ අවසන් කථාවාරය විය. අනතුරුව අනෙකුත් කථාංග කැලිෆෝර්නියාවේ ලොස් ඇන්ජලීස්හි රූගත කෙරිණි. මීට අමතරව, කථාවේ අන්තර්ගතය සැලසුම් කෙරුණු වැඩසටහනේ පළමු කථාවාරය ද මෙයයි. එයට හේතුව 1998 ද එක්ස්-ෆයිල්ස් වෘත්තාන්ත චිත්‍රපටය මෙයට පෙර රූගත කොට තිබූ නමුත්, මෙහි විකාශයට පසුව එය මුදාහැරීමට නියමිතව තිබීමයි.

සටහන්

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

ග්‍රන්ථාවලිය

බාහිර සබැඳි

1997 ඇමරිකානු රූපවාහිනී කථාවාර
1998 ඇමරිකානු රූපවාහිනී කථාවාර

ද එක්ස්-ෆයිල්ස් (වාරය 5)


Tesalya veya Teselya ( - Thessalía), Yunanistan'ı oluşturan 13 bölgeden biridir. Dört alt yönetim birimine ayrılmıştır. Merkezi Larisa kentidir. Orta Yunanistan'da bulunan bölgenin Ege Denizi'nin batı kıyılarına sınırı vardır. Oldukça köklü bir geçmişi olan Tesalya 1394 yılında Osmanlı Devleti sınırları içine katılmış ve 1881'de Yunanistan'a bağlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Teselya


Anastasia Katya Breezy Dhanraj (Brighton, Sussex Oriental; 22 de diciembre de 1990), conocida profesionalmente anteriormente como Dhanraj o Tasie Lawrence desde 2013, es una actriz y cantautora británica, más conocida por su papel de Mara Jaffray en la serie de Nickelodeon, House of Anubis.

Filmografía
Películas

Series

Discografía
 «We Shall Overcome» (con Brad Kavanagh)
 «The Look of Love» (con Aman Tai Jia Jia)
 «Relapse» (con Alex Sawyer)
 «Two Weeks» (con Alex Sawyer)

Referencias

1. http://the-house-of-anubis.wikia.com/wiki/Tasie_Dhanraj

Enlaces externos

Actrices de televisión de Inglaterra
Personas de Brighton
Indo-británicos
Reparto de House of Anubis
Nacidos en Brighton

Tasie Lawrence


This is a list of aviation-related events from 1941:

Events
 Jackie Cochran became the first woman to fly a bomber across the Atlantic Ocean.
 During the spring and summer, the Imperial Japanese Navy's air arm conducts Operation 102, its second major bombing campaign against Chungking.
 By early autumn, the Imperial Japanese Navy has turned all air operations on the Chinese mainland over to the Imperial Japanese Army.
 The Aeronautical Corporation of America renames itself Aeronca.

January
 The Regia Aeronautica (Italian Royal Air Force) withdraws all bombers and biplane fighters from the Corpo Aereo Italiano (Italian Air Corps)—its expeditionary force based in Belgium for operations against the United Kingdom—leaving only Fiat G.50 Freccia monoplane fighters in the Corpo.
 The Imperial Japanese Navy forms its first air fleet, the Eleventh Air Fleet.
 Imperial Japanese Navy Vice Admiral Shigeyoshi Inoue argues that control of the sea will first require control of the air above it, that aircraft could achieve this control without assistance by aircraft carriers or other surface ships, and that land-based bombers and flying boats had become so potent that the aircraft carrier has become obsolete.
 January 5 – Ferrying an Airspeed Oxford from Prestwick, Scotland, to RAF Kidlington, England, pioneering English aviator Amy Johnson goes off course in poor weather, runs out of fuel, and bails out as her aircraft crashes into the Thames Estuary. The Royal Navy barrage balloon ship  attempts to rescue her, but a swell pushes her into the ship's propellers, which kill her. Her body is never recovered.
 January 7 – Adolf Hitler orders Luftwaffe Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor aircraft to begin supporting German U-boat operations in the Atlantic Ocean.
 January 9 – 10 Italian bombers attack a Gibraltar-to-Malta convoy escorted by the British aircraft carriers  and , scoring no hits and losing two of their number to Fairey Fulmar fighters from Ark Royal.
 January 9–10 (overnight) – 135 British bombers attack oil targets in Gelsenkirchen, Germany.
 January 10 – German aircraft make their combat debut in the Mediterranean theater. German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers and Junkers Ju 88s of Fliegerkorps X join Italian bombers in attacking the British aircraft carrier  in the Mediterranean while she is escorting the Gibraltar-to-Malta convoy. The Italian attacks are ineffective, but the German aircraft score six hits, knocking Illustrious out of action until the end of November.
 January 11 – Fliegerkorps X aircraft continue attacks on the Gibraltar-to-Malta convoy, damaging the light cruiser  and fatally damaging the light cruiser .
 January 16 – 60 German dive bombers make a massed attack on the Malta Dockyard in an attempt to destroy the damaged British aircraft carrier HMS Illustrious, but she receives only one bomb hit. Incessant German and Italian bombing raids will target Malta through March, opposed by only a handful of British fighters.
 January 17 – During the French-Thai War, the Battle of Ko Chang opens with a bombing attack on Royal Thai Navy warships at Ko Chang, Thailand, by a French Loire 130 flying boat and ends with Royal Thai Air Force aircraft bombing French warships. All air attacks in the battle are ineffective, although a Thai bomb which fails to explode hits the French light cruiser La Motte-Picquet.
 January 18 – A large German air raid strikes Maltas airfields and other facilities.
 January 19 – German aircraft again attack the Malta dockyard, causing underwater damage to HMS Illustrious.
 January 20 – Brazil merges the air arms of the Brazilian Army and Brazilian Navy to form an independent air force called the National Air Forces. The National Air Forces will be renamed the Brazilian Air Force in May.

February
 German aircraft begin high-altitude reconnaissance flights over the western Soviet Union. Joseph Stalin orders Soviet fighters and antiaircraft artillery not to oppose them.
 Under pressure from the United States Government, the Government of Peru cancels the licenses of the German-controlled airline Deutsche Lufthansa Sucursal en Peru and requisitions its fleet of two Junkers Ju 52s. Peru transfers the airline's operations to Pan American-Grace Airways, a U.S. airline, at the same time.
 February 2 – Eight Fairey Swordfish aircraft from the British aircraft carrier  attack the dam at San Chiar d'Ula, Sardinia, with torpedoes, but inflict no visible damage on the dam.
 February 5 – The Air Training Corps is formed in the United Kingdom, superseding the Air Defence Cadet Corps.
 February 8 – A fleet of Junkers Ju 52s is used to airlift German troops to North Africa.
 February 10 – Britain uses paratroops for the first time in an attack on Tragino
 February 10–11 (overnight) – 222 British bombers attack Hanover, Germany, losing seven of their number, and 43 others attack oil storage tanks in Rotterdam in the Netherlands. In the Rotterdam raid, the Short Stirling makes its combat debut as the United Kingdoms first four-engined heavy bomber.
 February 20 – A Lockheed Hudson Mark III bomber crashes at Musgrave Harbor on Newfoundland in the Dominion of Newfoundland due to engine failure soon after takeoff from Gander, leading to three deaths, including that of Canadian medical scientist, physician, painter, and Nobel laureate Sir Frederick Banting, who succumbs to his injuries on February 21. Noted as the first person to use insulin on humans, Banting is working on the design of pressure suits at the time of his death
 February 21 – The first flight by a British RAF flying boat through the "Donegal Corridor", neutral Republic of Ireland airspace between its base in Northern Ireland and the Atlantic Ocean, a concession secretly agreed by Taoiseach (i.e., Prime Minister) Éamon de Valera.
 February 24–25 (overnight) – The Avro Manchester bomber makes its combat debut in an RAF Bomber Command raid on Brest, France.
 February 26
 Philippine Airlines is founded, making it Asias first and oldest carrier, still to this day operating under its original name. It makes its first flight on March 15.
 A Douglas DC-3 airliner operating as Eastern Airlines Flight 21 crashes outside of Atlanta. Among the eight dead is Maryland Congressman William D. Byron. Eight people survive, including the U.S. top-scoring ace of World War I and Eastern Airlines president Eddie Rickenbacker, who is gravely injured but eventually recovers.

March
 March 1 – New Zealand's first fighter squadron, the Royal New Zealand Air Forces No. 485 Squadron is formed.
 March 10–11 (overnight) – The Handley Page Halifax becomes the second British four-engined bomber to enter combat, as six Halifaxes of No. 35 Squadron join eight Bristol Blenheims in attacking Le Havre, France.
 March 11 – The Congress of the United States passes the Lend-Lease bill, paving the way for the provision of (amongst other equipment) 16,000 warplanes to the United Kingdom. Later Lend-Lease arrangements will supply other Allied nations.
 March 26 – The United States Army redesignates the Northwest Air District as the Second Air Force, the Southeast Air District as the Third Air Force, and the Southwest Air District as the Fourth Air Force. They are responsible for the northwestern, southeastern, and southwestern United States, respectively.
 March 28 – During the Battle of Cape Matapan in the Mediterranean, Swordfish and Albacore torpedo bombers from the British aircraft carrier  and land-based Fleet Air Arm Swordfish from Maleme, Crete, damage the Italian battleship Vittorio Veneto and heavy cruiser Pola, slowing Pola. In the predawn darkness of the next morning, British battleships catch up to the damaged Pola and the four ships accompanying her – the heavy cruisers Zara and Fiume and two destroyers – and sink all five ships with gunfire.
 March 30 – The second prototype Heinkel He 280, the world's first turbojet-powered fighter aircraft, is first flown under its own power by Fritz Schäfer in Germany.

April
 The last aircraft of the Corpo Aereo Italiano (Italian Air Corps) return to Italy from Belgium, ending the participation of the Regia Aeronautica in attacks on England.
 The United States Department of War orders the U.S. Armys First, Second, Third, and Fourth Air Forces each to set up a separate bomber and interceptor command.
 The United States Navy makes its first attempts to interest commercial aviators in reporting submarine sightings.
 U.S. Navy officer Marc Mitscher proposes that the Navy develop amphibious gliders with flying-boat hulls with a goal of deploying an amphibious glider force capable of delivering an entire United States Marine Corps brigade of 715 men to a hostile beachhead, the gliders to be towed by Consolidated PBY-5A Catalina amphibian aircraft. The U.S. Navy's amphibious glider program will produce two prototype gliders before being terminated in September 1943.
 April 3 – The British aircraft carrier  flies off 12 RAF Hawker Hurricanes to Malta from a point south of Sardinia.
 April 6 – Germany invades Yugoslavia and Greece.
 April 6–10 – In Operation Punishment, German Luftwaffe aircraft bomb Belgrade, Yugoslavia, killing 4,000 people. The Germans shoot down 20 Yugoslav Air Force fighters attempting to defend the city, while over the first two days the Germans lose at least 32 aircraft over Belgrade.
 April 9 – The United States Army redesignates the Northeast Air District as the First Air Force. It is responsible for the northeastern United States.
 April 15
 The Central Aircraft Manufacturing Company (CAMCO) signs an agreement with the Chinese government to equip and administer the American Volunteer Group in China.
 A German reconnaissance aircraft with a camera and exposed film of Soviet installations crashes near Rovno in the Soviet Union, but no Soviet attention to preparations for a possible German attack results.
 Charles de Gaulle, the leader of the Free French forces, issues a formal declaration, requesting that French nationals serving the RAF apply to be incorporated into the Free French Air Force by 25 April. Their service in a foreign country's armed forces violated French civil law, but de Gaulle's declaration promises that they will face no charges of wrongdoing if they meet the 25 April deadline.
 April 16 – London comes under intense bomber attack, with nearly 900 tonnes (992 short tons) of high explosive dropped on the city.
 April 17 – Eighteen surviving Yugoslav Air Force aircraft flee Yugoslavia, bringing Yugoslav aerial resistance to the German invasion to an end. In its 11 days of combat, the Yugoslav Air Force attacked targets in Italy, Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, and Greece and attacked German, Italian, and Hungarian troops.
 April 20 – South African Squadron Leader Marmaduke "Pat" Pattle is shot down and killed in a Hawker Hurricane over the Saronic Gulf off Piraeus, Greece, during a German bombing raid on the city. German and Italian records later confirm 27 aerial victories for him, although unofficial sources credit him with 44 and 50 victories, and as the leading Gloster Gladiator (15 kills) and Hawker Hurricane (35 kills) ace. Based on the unofficial totals, he is considered by some to be the RAF's World War II ace of aces.
 April 21–22 – Operating unopposed, German aircraft sink 23 ships in Greek waters, including a Greek destroyer and two hospital ships.
 April 23 – German Junkers Ju 87 dive bombers sink the Greek battleships Kilkis and Lemnos off Salamis Island, Greece, during the German invasion of Greece.
 April 27
 HMS Argus flies off 23 RAF Hurricanes to Malta.
 Evacuating British troops from Greece, the Dutch troopship Slamat is sunk by German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bombers. The British destroyers  and  rescue 700 survivors before themselves being sunk by the Stukas. Only 50 men ultimately survive from the three ships.

May
 Royal Navy Fairey Swordfish aircraft attack Vichy French shipping and shore targets in Syria.
 Royal Navy Swordfish of No. 814 Squadron from  assist in quelling a rebellion in Iraq, bombing the barracks at Samawa and Nasiriyah.
 Antishipping strikes by Malta-based RAF Bristol Blenheims and Fleet Air Arm Swordfish against Axis convoys in the Mediterranean in May and June will leave German and Italian forces in North Africa too short of ammunition to conduct a counteroffensive after defeating the British Operation Battleaxe in June.
 May 2 – The Anglo-Iraqi War between British forces and a pro-Axis Iraqi government begins with 41 RAF Station Habbaniya- and Shaibah-based planes launching a surprise attack against Iraqi forces surrounding Habbaniya and Iraqi airfields. Royal Iraqi Air Force aircraft respond. By the end of the day, the British have destroyed 22 Iraqi aircraft on the ground, losing five of their own.
 May 3–6 – RAF aircraft continue to attack Iraqi positions surrounding RAF Habbinya and Iraqi airfields, eventually forcing Iraq forces to withdraw on May 6.
 May 6 – Igor Sikorsky sets a world endurance record for helicopter flight of 1 hour 32 minutes, in a Sikorsky VS-300.
 May 6–7 (overnight) through 11-12 (overnight) – RAF Bomber Command mounts four major raids on Hamburg, Germany, over the course of six nights, averaging 128 bombers per raid. The second, third, and fourth raids combined kill 233, injure 713, and leave 2,195 homeless.
 May 7 – 40 RAF aircraft attack Iraqi reinforcements headed for Habbaniya, inflicting about 1,000 casualties and paralyzing the Iraqi column. Over the next few days, British aircraft destroy the remainder of the Royal Iraqi Air Force.
 May 10
 Flying via Vichy French-controlled Syria, aircraft of the German Luftwaffe begin to arrive at Mosul, Iraq, to support Iraqi forces against the British under the command of Fliegerführer Irak.
 Rudolf Hess parachutes into Scotland to try to negotiate an alliance with Britain against the Soviet Union.
 550 German bombers drop more than 700 tons (711 tonnes, 635,036 kg) of bombs on London, killing 1,500 people and seriously injuring 1,800.
May 14
 German aircraft begin daily bombing of Crete to soften it up for the upcoming German airborne assault on the island.
 The RAF receives authorization to attack German aircraft on Vichy French airfields in Syria. British fighters disable two Heinkel He 111s on the ground at Palmyra, Syria.
 May 15
A German Junkers Ju 52 flies without permission from German-occupied Poland to Moscow without being detected or intercepted by the Soviet Air Defense Forces or Soviet Air Forces. The incident results in mass arrests of Soviet military personnel during the 1941 purge of the Soviet armed forces.
The first British jet aircraft, the Gloster E.28/39 "Pioneer", is flown at RAF Cranwell in Lincolnshire by Gloster's chief test pilot, Flight lieutenant Gerry Sayer.
During a parachute training flight in a Douglas R2D-1 over Kearny Mesa in San Diego, California, United States Marine Corps Second Lieutenant Walter S. Osipoff is pulled out of the aircraft by a cargo pack being dropped overboard and is left dangling in the plane's slipstream by a tangle of static lines. Seeing Osipoff's plight, United States Navy Lieutenant John Lowery and Aviation Chief Machinist's Mate John McCants take off from North Island in a Curtiss SOC-1 Seagull and rendezvous with the R2D. McCants grabs Osipoff at an altitude of  but finds it impossible to untangle him and lower him into the SOC's rear cockpit until the SOC accidentally bucks upward and its propeller saws off a small part of the R2D's tail cone and cuts the static lines. Both planes return safely, and the badly injured Osipoff eventually fully recovers. Lowery and McCants receive the Distinguished Flying Cross for the flight.
 May 15–16 – Iraqi and German aircraft attack a British column moving into Iraq from Palestine.
 May 18 – RAF aircraft bomb Iraqi positions around Fallujah and along the road from Fallujah to Baghdad.
 May 19 – 57 British aircraft attack Iraqi positions around Fallujah. dropping 10 tons (9,072 kg) of bombs as well as leaflets in 134 sorties. German aircraft attack RAF Habbaniya.
 May 20
 Germany invades Crete in Operation Merkur ("Mercury"), the Luftwaffe's first large airborne assault and the first mainly airborne invasion in military history, dropping 10,000 paratroopers and 750 glider troops on the island; 610 bombers, dive-bombers, and fighters, 500 transport aircraft, and 80 gliders support the operation. The Germans encounter such unexpectedly heavy opposition from British and Commonwealth troops on the island that they fear the operation will fail.
 Italian CANT Z.1007 high-level bombers sink the British destroyer  south-east of Crete.
 May 21
 Royal Australian Air Force Squadron Leader Roy Phillipps, a World War I flying ace credited with 15 victories, dies when the private plane he is aboard as a passenger strikes trees on takeoff and crashes at Archerfield, Queensland, Australia.
 The British aircraft carrier  flies off 43 RAF Hawker Hurricanes to Malta from a point south of Sardinia.
 German airborne forces belatedly capture Maleme airfield on Crete, allowing an airlift of 5,000 German mountain troops to begin.
 May 22
 German dive-bombers attack a British naval task force as it retires westward after raiding caïques carrying German troops north of Crete. They sink the light cruisers  and  and the destroyer  and damage the battleship  and the light cruisers  and .
 Brazil creates an Air Force Ministry and changes the name of its air force from National Air Forces to Brazilian Air Force.
 The Brazilian School of Naval Aviation in Rio de Janeiro becomes Galeão Air Force Base. Rio de Janeiro–Galeão International Airport eventually will open on the site, sharing some facilities with the air force base.
 May 23
 24 German dive-bombers attack the British destroyers  and  as they attempt to retire after a patrol north of Crete the previous night, sinking both. Among the survivors is Captain Lord Louis Mountbatten.
 German aircraft attack British positions around Fallujah for the first time, with little effect.
 May 24 – Nine Swordfish torpedo bombers from the British aircraft carrier  score a torpedo hit on the German battleship Bismarck in the North Atlantic Ocean, aggravating damage she had sustained early in the day in the Battle of Denmark Strait.
 May 26
 15 Swordfish from the British aircraft carrier  attack Bismarck, scoring two torpedo hits. One hit damages Bismarcks port rudder so badly that she becomes unmaneuverable, allowing British surface ships to catch and sink her the following morning.
 German dive-bombers set the British infantry landing ship  on fire, preventing her from bringing reinforcements to Crete.
 Eight aircraft from the British aircraft carrier  raid the Axis airfield at Scarpanto. Retaliating German dive-bombers badly damage Formidable and a destroyer; the following day they also damage the battleship .
 May 27 – Twelve Italian Fiat CR.42 Falco bombers arrive at Mosul to support Iraqi forces against the British under the command of the German Fliegerführer Irak.
 May 29
 Surviving elements of Fliegerführer Irak depart Iraq.
 German dive-bombers attack a British naval task force as it retires from Crete with evacuated British troops aboard. They fatally damage the destroyer , sink the destroyer , and damage the light cruisers ,  and . A single bomb that strikes Orion kills 260 and wounds 280.
 The United States Army Air Corps forms Ferrying Command to fly newly manufactured aircraft across the Atlantic Ocean to the United Kingdom.
 May 30 – German bombers damage the Australian light cruiser  as she retires after evacuating troops from Crete. Two more British destroyers are damaged before the evacuation is complete.
 May 31 – The Anglo-Iraq War ends with the collapse of Iraqi resistance.

June
 The destruction of bridges along the Burma Road by Imperial Japanese Navy bombers based at Hanoi in French Indochina forces the road to close.
 The Japan Air Industries Company Ltd. and the International Aircraft Company Ltd. merge to form Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo K.K. (the Japan International Air Industries Company Ltd)., best known as Kokusai.
 June 1
German Junkers Ju 88 bombers sink the British light cruiser   north of Alexandria, Egypt, as she retires after evacuating troops from Crete.
Germany completes the conquest of Crete. German airborne forces have suffered such heavy losses – probably 6,000 to 7,000 casualties and 284 aircraft lost – in the eleven days of fighting that Germany never again attempts a large airborne operation.
 June 2 – The United States Navy commissions , its first escort aircraft carrier - at the time designated an "aircraft escort vessel" (AVG) - at Norfolk Navy Yard in Portsmouth, Virginia.
 June 8 – General Yakov Smushkevich, the commander of the Soviet Air Forces from 1939 to 1940 who had overseen their poor performance during the Winter War with Finland, is arrested as part of the 1941 purge of the Soviet armed forces. He will be executed in October.
 June 8–July 8 – The British invade Syria, and aerial combat between British and Vichy French aircraft ensues.
 June 16
 National Airport (the modern-day Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport) opens on land along the western shore of the Potomac River that technically belongs to Washington, D.C. In 1945, the United States Congress will redefine the land the airport occupies as being in Arlington, Virginia, to end confusion and disputes over local jurisdiction.
 Official start of production at Ford's Willow Run facility (Air Force Plant 31) in Michigan. At its wartime peak, it will produce one B-24 bomber every hour.
 June 17 – The Royal Navy commissions its first escort aircraft carrier, HMS Empire Audacity. She later will be renamed HMS Audacity and become the worlds first escort carrier to deploy in combat.
 June 20 – The United States Department of War creates the United States Army Air Forces, with General Henry H. Arnold as its first commander. As part of the reorganization, General Headquarters Air Force is renamed Air Force Combat Command; the new Army Air Forces organization consists of Air Force Combat Command (its combat element) with the logistics and training element of the earlier United States Army Air Corps now retaining this name for such elements, during the war years.
 June 22
Germany invades the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa). At sunrise, a Luftwaffe force of 500 bombers, 270 dive bombers, and 480 fighters make a surprise attack on 66 forward Soviet airbases, destroying over 100 Soviet Air Force aircraft on the ground at one base alone. By 13:30 hours, the Germans have destroyed 800 Soviet aircraft in exchange for ten of their own. By the end of the day, the Germans have destroyed 1,811 Soviet aircraft – 1,489 on the ground and 322 in the air.
 Soviet Tupolev SB-2 and Ilyushin DB-3 bombers suffer heavy losses in attacks on German airfields near Warsaw; German fighters shoot down 20 out of 25 Soviet bombers on one raid.
 During the first hour of Operation Barbarossa, Soviet pilot Lieutenant I. I. Ivanov of the 46th Fighter Air Regiment rams a Heinkel He 111, the first of 10 Soviet taran attacks against Luftwaffe combat aircraft that day and more than 200 during the war; Ivanov is killed in the ramming.
 June 23 – During the second day of Operation Barbarossa, the Soviets lose another 1,000 aircraft.
 June 24 – The commander of the Soviet Air Forces, General Pavel Rychagov, is arrested as part of the 1941 purge of the Soviet armed forces because he had called Soviet military aircraft "flying coffins." His wife, aviator Maria Nesterenko, will be arrested on 25 June for failing to denounce him as a state criminal. After Rygachov is tortured, they both will be executed in October.
 June 28
 In the early morning hours, 35 British bombers attempting an attack on Bremen stray so far off course that they mistakenly bomb Hamburg –  northeast of Bremen – instead, losing five of their number to German night fighters over the city while killing seven people, injuring 39, and leaving 280 homeless.
 At the end of the first week of Operation Barbarossa, the Luftwaffe has destroyed 4,017 Soviet aircraft in exchange for 150 of its own.
 June 30
 German fighter pilot Werner Mölders shoots down five Soviet bombers, bringing his aerial victory total to 82. He becomes the first pilot to surpass the World War I record of 80 victories set by Manfred von Richthofen in 1918 and the highest-scoring ace in history at the time.
 Since January 1, the Soviet aviation industry has delivered 1,900 MiG-3, LaGG-1, and Yak-1 fighters, 458 Pe-2 bombers, and 249 Ilyushin Il-2 Shturmovik ground-attack aircraft to operational air units.

July
 July – The Lockheed P-38 Lightning fighter aircraft is introduced in the United States.
 July 1 – Vnukovo Airport opens southwest of Moscow in the Soviet Union's Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic.
 July 3–4 (overnight) – 90 British bombers attempting to attack the Krupp arms works and rail targets in Essen, Germany, scatter their bombs so widely that they bomb Bochum, Dortmund, Duisburg, Hagen, Wuppertal, and other cities as well as Essen. In Essen, they succeed only in inflicting minor housing damage, injuring two people.
 July 8 – A trial raid by three RAF Fortress I (B-17C) heavy bombers on the naval barracks at Wilhelmshaven, Germany, is the first combat use of any variant of the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, on the very same city where the USAAF's 8th Air Force would itself first hit Nazi Germany directly with later-model B-17s, eighteen months later.
 July 9 – Under attack at their airfield by a 27-aircraft Soviet Air Force bomber regiment, Luftwaffe Major Günther Lützow of Jagdgeschwader 3 and his Messerschmitt Bf 109F fighter unit take off and shoot down all 27 Soviet bombers without loss to themselves.
 July 15 – Luftwaffe ace Werner Mölders shoots down two Soviet aircraft, raising his victory total to 101. He becomes the first pilot to claim 100 victories.
 July 18 – The first RAF aircraft is equipped with radar.
 July 19 – Adolf Hitler issues Directive 33, ordering the Luftwaffe to conduct a series of air raids against Moscow.
 July 22 – During the month since the beginning of Operation Barbarossa on June 22, the Luftwaffe has averaged 2,500 sorties per day in operations in the Soviet Union, and at times has achieved 3,000 per day.
 July 23 – During Operation Substance, Italian high-level and torpedo bombers attack a resupply convoy of six fast store ships bound for Malta escorted by a British naval forces including the aircraft carrier . The high-level bombers are ineffective and Fairey Fulmars from Ark Royal shoot down two of them, but the six torpedo bombers fatally damage the destroyer  and cripple the light cruiser .
 July 28 – The Vichy government agrees to build German aircraft in France.
 July 30 – 24 aircraft from the British aircraft carrier  strike Petsamo, Finland, sinking a small steamer for the loss of three aircraft, while 29 aircraft from the carrier  attack Kirkenes, Norway, sinking a small ship and setting fire to another and claiming three German fighters shot down in exchange for the loss of 11 British aircraft.
 July 31 – A chartered Philippine Airlines Douglas DC-4 ferries 40 American servicemen to Oakland, California, from Nielson Airport in Makati, Manila, in the Philippine Islands with stops at Guam, Wake Island, Johnston Atoll, and Honolulu in the Territory of Hawaii. The flight makes Philippine Airlines, Asias first airline, the first Asian airline to cross the Pacific Ocean. Philippine Airlines will begin a scheduled transpacific service in December.

August
 RAF Bomber Command conducts the first operational tests of prototypes of the Gee navigation aboard bombers. The loss of a Vickers Wellington equipped with Gee over Germany on August 13 raises fears that the Germans have captured Gee and will counter it, and no further test flights occur over Germany.
 August 1
 The Soviet Union makes the first operational use of parasite fighters, attacking Constanţa with modified Polikarpov I-16s carried into action by Tupolev TB-3s.
 The United States embargoes the sale of aviation fuel to Japan.
 August 6
 After running out of ammunition, Soviet National Air Defense Forces pilot Viktor Talalikhin rams a German Heinkel He 111 bomber over Moscow with his Polikarpov I-16 fighter, destroying both aircraft. Talalikhin parachutes to safety. It is the first aerial night ramming in history.
 Two squadrons of United States Navy flying boats are based at Reykjavík, Iceland, to conduct flights as part of the Neutrality Patrol.
 August 7 – Bruno Mussolini, the commander of the Italian 274a Squadriglia (274th Squadron) and son of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, is killed along with two other crew members when the Piaggio P.108B bombers he is piloting flies too low and crashes into a house near San Giusto Airport in Pisa, Italy. Five crewmen are injured.
 August 7–8 (overnight) – 13 Ilyushin DB-3 bombers of the Soviet Navys Baltic Fleet Air Force conduct a raid on Berlin without loss. It is the first Soviet air raid against Berlin and the first of ten Soviet Naval Aviation raids on Berlin in August and September 1941.
 August 9
Flying a Dornier Do 215B-5 night fighter, Luftwaffe Oberleutnant Ludwig Becker achieves Germanys first aerial victory employing airborne radar, using a low-UHF-band Lichtenstein radar to detect and close with a British Vickers Wellington bomber participating in a raid on Hamburg, Germany, before shooting down the Wellington.
Flying a Supermarine Spitfire Mk VA, RAF ace Douglas Bader is shot down during a dogfight with Luftwaffe Messerschmitt Bf 109s over the coast of France. He parachutes from the aircraft, is captured, and spends the rest of World War II as a German prisoner-of-war. He is credited with 20 aerial victories, four shared victories, six probables, one shared probable, and 11 enemy aircraft damaged before his capture.
 August 11–12 – The Soviet Air Force makes its first raid on Berlin, as 11 Petlyakov Pe-8s arrack the city. German defenses shoot down five Pe-8s, and Soviet antiaircraft artillery mistakenly shoots down another as it returns to base.
 August 18
 The Butt Report is issued. It reveals a widespread failure of RAF Bomber Command aircraft to deliver their payloads to the correct target.
 The U.S. Navy commissions Naval Air Station Midway at Midway Atoll.
 August 27
The  surrenders to an RAF Lockheed Hudson patrol bomber  south of Iceland. No other German submarine surrenders to enemy forces during World War II prior to the final days of the war.
 Former Australian senator Charles Hardy and two other men are killed when an Air Lines of Australia de Havilland Puss Moth crashes into the Coen River  outside of Coen, Queensland, on a flight from Thursday Island to Cairns.

September
 The total of Soviet aircraft destroyed since the German invasion of the Soviet Union began on June 22 reaches 7,500.
 During the month, Soviet Air Force Frontal Aviation aircraft assigned to the Western Front fly 4,101 sorties against German forces building up for a ground offensive against Moscow, dropping 831 tons (754 metric tons) of bombs and claiming 120 enemy aircraft destroyed on the ground and 89 in the air. Aircraft assigned to the neighboring Bryansk and Reserve Fronts report similar levels of activity. The 81st Bomber Air Division of Soviet Long-Range Bomber Aviation strikes staging bases for Luftwaffe raids on Moscow.
 The Grumman Martlet fighter makes its first carrier deployment aboard Royal Navy aircraft carriers on convoy protection duties. It is the first carrier-based combat use of any variant of the Grumman F4F Wildcat.
 September 5–12 – Nine U.S. Army Air Forces Boeing B-17D Flying Fortress bombers fly from Hickam Field in Hawaii to Clark Field in the Philippine Islands via Midway Atoll, Wake Island, Port Moresby in New Guinea, and Darwin, Australia.
 September 12 – Aircraft from the British aircraft carrier  strike Glomfjord, Norway, sinking two merchant ships without loss to themselves.
 September 14 – An escort aircraft carrier deploys for combat for the first time, as the Royal Navys  puts to sea to escort her first convoy. It is the first time that an aircraft carrier has been committed directly to convoy defense, and the first operations by an aircraft carrier against Axis forces attacking convoys in the Atlantic Ocean since mid-September 1939.
 September 23 – Hans-Ulrich Rudel single-handedly sinks the Soviet battleship Marat flying a Junkers Ju 87 dive bomber.
 September 27 – During Operation Halberd, Italian aircraft attack a Malta-bound convoy and its escorts in the Mediterranean, damaging the British battleship  and fatally damaging a merchant cargo ship.
 September 30 – The Germans begin their ground offensive against Moscow, Operation Typhoon, supported by the Luftwaffes Luftflotte 2 (2nd Air Fleet), which the Soviets estimate has 950 aircraft. Soviet Air Force units in the area have only 391 aircraft and are quickly overwhelmed.

October
 Aircraft from the British aircraft carrier  strike Glomfjord, Norway, sinking two merchant ships for the loss of two Fairey Albacores.
 October 1 – Inter-Island Airways is renamed Hawaiian Airlines.
 October 2 – Heini Dittmar sets a new airspeed record of  in a Messerschmitt Me 163A. The record is unofficial because the flight (and the Me 163 programme) is kept secret, and remains "unbroken" until officially exceeded by the American Douglas Skystreak in August 1947.
 October 6 – During the first week of Operation Typhoon, the Soviet Air Force has flown 700 sorties against German forces driving toward Moscow.
 October 9 – Since October 1, German aircraft supporting Operation Typhoon have flown more than 4,000 sorties against the Soviet Western Front alone.
 October 11–18 – Soviet Air Force aircraft strike Luftwaffe staging airfields along the northwestern, western, and southwestern approaches to Moscow.
 October 11–12 – After Soviet intelligence detects Luftwaffe plans for a major air attack on October 12 targeting industrial complexes, airfields, railroad terminals, and logistical facilities in the Soviet Western Front area, Soviet Air Force aircraft mount a major preemptive strike against German airfields at Vitebsk, Smolensk, Orel, Orsha, Siversk, and elsewhere overnight on October 11–12, followed by another large raid on the morning of October 12. The Soviets claim 500 German aircraft destroyed, although German sources do not confirm that number.
 October 18 – The German drive on Moscow stalls because of mud, and will make little progress until the ground freezes in mid-November. During this period, the Soviet Air Force flies 26,000 sorties in support of forces defending Moscow.
 October 27 – Victor Talalikhin, the Soviet Unions first major air hero of World War II, is killed in action during a dogfight with German aircraft.
 October 28 – As part of the 1941 purge of the Soviet armed forces, 20 officers of the Soviet armed forces are executed. Among those shot are General Yakov Smushkevich, commander of the Soviet Air Forces from 1939 to 1940 who had overseen its poor performance during the Winter War with Finland, General Pavel Rychagov, commander of the Soviet Air Forces from 1940 to 1941, and Rychagov's wife, aviator Maria Nesterenko. Rychagov is executed because he had called Soviet military aircraft "flying coffins" and Nesterenko because she had failed to denounce him as a state criminal.

November
 Italy begins the conversion of the passenger liner  into the first Italian aircraft carrier, later named Aquila ("Eagle"). The conversion will halt in an incomplete state when Italy surrenders to the Allies in September 1943 and will never be finished.
 November 7–8 (overnight) – 392 British bombers attack Berlin, Cologne, and Mannheim, losing 36 of their number – a heavy 9.2 percent loss rate.
 November 12 – The British aircraft carrier  is sunk in the Mediterranean east of Gibraltar by the .
 November 15-December 5 – The Luftwaffe carries out 41 raids on Moscow. Soviet air defenses claim an average of 30 to 40 German aircraft shot down per day during the attacks. During the same period, the Soviet Air Force, better prepared for cold-weather operations than the Luftwaffe, reportedly flies 15,840 sorties while Luftwaffe aircraft supporting Operation Typhoon manage only 3,500. Soviet sources claim that the Luftwaffe loses 1,400 aircraft during this time.
 November 17 – Ernst Udet, the Luftwaffes Director-General of Equipment and the second-highest German ace of World War I (62 victories), commits suicide.
 November 22
The German fighter ace Werner Mölders dies in the crash of a Heinkel He 111 bomber at Breslau while riding as a passenger on his way to Ernst Udets funeral. His official kill total stands at 115 at the time of his death, although he is believed to have shot down another 30 Soviet aircraft for which he received no credit while making unauthorized combat flights during the last months of his career.
Malta-based British aircraft attack an Axis convoy bound from Naples to North Africa, damaging the Italian light cruiser Luigi di Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi.
 November 30
Mario de Bernardi flies air mail from Milan to Guidonia Montecelio, Italy, in a Caproni Campini N.1 motorjet-powered aircraft. It is the first time air mail is carried in any form of jet aircraft.
In the air defense of Moscow, the Soviet Air Defense Forces 6th Fighter Air Corps claims to have shot down 170 German aircraft since November 1. It will claim another 80 kills in December.
 November 30-December 4 – U.S. Navy patrol aircraft based in the Philippine Islands monitor Japanese naval and shipping activity at Camranh Bay in French Indochina.

December
December 1 – The Civil Air Patrol is founded in the United States.
December 2 – Adolf Hitler orders the Luftwaffes Fliegerkorps II to redeploy from the Soviet Union to Sicily and North Africa and together with Fliegerkorps X to form Luftflotte 2 under the command of Field Marshal Albert Kesselring, and orders Kesselring to achieve air superiority over southern Italy and North Africa, suppress Allied forces on Malta, ensure safe passage of Axis convoys to North Africa, paralyze Allied sea traffic in the Mediterranean, and prevent Allied supplies from arriving at Tobruk and Malta. The redeployment will reverse the balance of power at sea in the Mediterranean in favor of the Axis.
December 5 – The Soviets begin a major counteroffensive to push German forces back from the Moscow area. In the western sector of the Soviet offensive alone, the Soviets commit 1,376 aircraft to support the offensive, opposing a Soviet-estimated 580 German planes. In the southwestern sector, the 286 available Soviet aircraft make a concerted effort to destroy the 2nd Panzer Army, flying 5,066 combat sorties during the month.
December 7 (December 8 west of the International Date Line) – The Imperial Japanese Navy makes a devastatingly successful surprise attack on Pearl Harbor and other U.S. military facilities on Oahu, Hawaii. Six aircraft carriers launch 353 warplanes in two waves. They sink five American battleships and ten other vessels, damage three other battleships, and destroy 188 U.S. aircraft, killing 2,402 and wounding 1,282. The Japanese lose 29 aircraft, five midget submarines, and 65 killed.
December 8
Japanese air attacks destroy half the aircraft of the United States Army Air Forces′ Far East Air Force in the Philippine Islands. Japanese aircraft also begin attacks on Hong Kong, Guam, and Wake Island.
As the Japanese invasion of Malaya begins, RAF aircraft attack Japanese shipping in the South China Sea off the invasion beach at Kota Bharu in British Malaya, hitting Awajisan Maru, the headquarters ship of Major General Hiroshi Takumi, the commanding officer of the Imperial Japanese Army′s 18th Division′s 56th Regiment, and forcing her abandonment. The landing is successful, however, and captures the airfield at Kota Bahru before the end of the day.
During the Japanese invasion of Malaya, Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Lieutenant Yohei Hinoki and his wingman score the first aerial victory by the Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa ("Peregrine Falcon"; Allied reporting name "Oscar") fighter, forcing an RAF No. 34 Squadron Bristol Blenheim Mark IV trying to bomb the Japanese beachhead in British Malaya to land at Machang airfield.
The United States declares war on Japan.
December 9
Japanese aircraft which landed at captured airfields at Patani and Singora, Thailand, the previous day already have destroyed on the ground 60 of the 100 British aircraft based in northern Malaya. By December 12, the Japanese will have complete air superiority over northern Malaya.
Soviet air reconnaissance confirms a large-scale German troop withdrawal west of Klin in response to the Soviet winter counteroffensive.
December 9–14 – With the German air threat to Moscow in decline, Soviet Air Defense Forces fighters of the 6th Fighter Air Corps join Soviet Air Force Frontal Aviation aircraft in supporting the Soviet winter ground offensive, attacking retreating German troops columns west of Moscow near Klin, Solnechnogorsk, and other locations in heavy snow and extreme cold.
December 10
French Indochina-based Imperial Japanese Navy Mitsubishi G3M bombers (Allied reporting name "Nell") sink the Royal Navy battleship  and battlecruiser  in the South China Sea east of Malaya using torpedoes. They are the first capital ships to be sunk at sea by aircraft alone.
In the Philippines, 54 Japanese naval bombers systematically destroy Cavite Navy Yard and a significant part of neighboring Cavite with precision bombing from  during a two-hour attack. The submarine  is sunk pierside at the Navy Yard, the first American submarine ever sunk by enemy action.
After a courageous attack against Japanese ships off the Philippines, U.S. Army Air Force Captain Colin Kelly, a B-17C Flying Fortress pilot, becomes one of the earliest American heroes of World War II when he stays at the controls of his stricken bomber long enough for his crew to escape and is killed when his plane explodes. He is mistakenly reported to have deliberately crashed his stricken plane into the Japanese battleship .
A Douglas SBD Dauntless dive bomber from the aircraft carrier  piloted by Lieutenant Clarence E. Dickinson sinks the Japanese submarine I-70 northeast of Oahu. I-70 is the first Japanese submarine ever sunk by enemy forces and the first enemy warship sunk by the U.S. armed forces during World War II.
December 11
The United States exchanges declarations of war with Germany and Italy.
Four United States Marine Corps F4F Wildcat fighters on Wake Island play an important role in repelling a Japanese invasion of the island.
Serving in the Royal Canadian Air Force's No. 412 Squadron, American poet and aviator John Gillespie Magee, Jr., dies when his Supermarine Spitfire fighter collides with an Airspeed Oxford trainer over Roxholme, Lincolnshire, England. The Oxford pilot also dies.
U.S. Navy PBY Catalina flying boats arrive in Natal, Brazil, to begin patrols of the Brazilian coast and the South Atlantic Ocean.
December 12 – The U.S. Navy creates the Naval Air Transport Service (NATS) to provide emergency deliveries of materiel to front-line forces when delivery by ship would take too long.
December 14–19 – Japanese naval aircraft from Kwajalein Atoll strike Wake Island repeatedly.
December 15–16 (overnight) – The Soviet Union makes the first combat parachute assault in its history, dropping 415 men behind German lines near Teryayeva Sloboda in support of an advance by the Soviet 30th Army. Due to poor coordination of operations and a lack of fighter cover, the Soviet paratroopers suffer heavy casualties and narrowly escape annihilation.
December 17
In the Philippine Islands, United States Army Air Forces P-40 Warhawk pilot Lieutenant Colonel Boyd Wagner shoots down his fifth Japanese plane near Vigan, becoming the first American ace of World War II.
Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa ("Peregrine Falcon"; Allied reporting name "Oscar") fighters, attack a formation of 12 Royal Australian Air Force No. 453 Squadron Brewster Buffalo fighters over Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, shooting down five of them and damaging four. The only Japanese loss is a Ki-43 that crashes after its wing collapses as it pulls out of a dive.
Aircraft from  damage the German submarine  so badly that her crew later scuttles her. It is the first time that escort aircraft carrier-based aircraft contribute to the sinking of a submarine.
A Yokosuka E14Y floatplane (Allied reporting name "Glen") launched by the Japanese submarine I-7 conducts a post-strike reconnaissance flight over Pearl Harbor. It is the E14Ys combat debut.
December 17–20 – All surviving B-17 Flying Fortress bombers of the United States Army Air Forcess Far East Air Force are withdrawn from the Philippine Islands to Australia. All other Far Eastern Air Force aircraft are destroyed or captured by the Japanese.
December 17–26 – Soviet Air Force Frontal Aviation aircraft fly 1,289 combat sorties in support of five Soviet armies driving on Rzhev, claiming 16 German aircraft shot down.
December 20 – The Nationalist Chinese Air Forces American Volunteer Group, the "Flying Tigers", sees its first combat near Kunming, China.
December 21
The Luftwaffes Fliegerkorps II begins a steadily escalating bombing and sea mining campaign against Malta with a goal of knocking out British air and naval forces based there.
The German submarine  torpedoes and sinks the British escort carrier  while she is escorting a convoy about  west of Cape Finisterre. During her three months of operations, Audacitys aircraft have shot down five Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condors, damaged three more, and driven one off, contributed to the sinking of a German submarine, and greatly interfered with the operations of German submarines against convoys she had escorted, proving the value of escort carrier escort of convoys. As a result, the Allies will begin to commit escort carriers to convoy escort operations in the Atlantic Ocean again in 1943.
December 21–22 – Aircraft from the Japanese carriers  and  strike Wake Island, which will fall to the Japanese on December 23.
December 22 – A radar-equipped Fairey Firefly sinks a German submarine () at night, the first such victory.
December 27–28 – 132 British bombers attack Düsseldorf, Germany.
December 31
Since October 1, the Soviet Union has formed 71 new air regiments.
During 1941, German night fighters defending Germany have shot down 421 British bombers, a tenfold increase over 1940.

First flights
 Aeronca L-3
 Arado Ar 232
 Spring 1941– Nakajima B6N Tenzan ("Heavenly Mountain"), Allied reporting name "Jill"

January
 Kawanishi H8K (Allied reporting name "Emily")
 Junkers Ju 288
 January 9 - Avro Manchester Mark III BT308, prototype of the Avro Lancaster heavy bomber
 January 11 – Polikarpov I-185
 January 29 – Tupolev Tu-2 (NATO reporting name "Bat")

February
 Curtiss O-52 Owl
 February 2 – Curtiss XP-46A
 February 18 – Grumman XP-50
 February 19 – Airspeed Cambridge T2449
 February 25 – Messerschmitt Me 321

March
 Kawasaki Ki-60

April
 Kyushu K10W1
 April 2 – Heinkel He 280
 April 9 – Piaggio P.111
 April 10 – Nakajima G5N Shinzan ("Mountain Recess"), Allied reporting name "Liz"); first four-engined land-based aircraft designed for the Imperial Japanese Navy and first aircraft built in Japan with retractable tricycle landing gear

May
 Kawasaki Ki-45 KAI Toryu ("Dragon Slayer"); Allied reporting name "Nick"
 Kokusai Ki-76 (Allied reporting name "Stella")
 Nakajima J1N Gekko ("Moonlight"), Allied reporting name "Irving"
 May 6 – Republic XP-47B, prototype of the P-47 Thunderbolt
 May 14 – Grumman XP-50
 May 15 – Gloster E.28/39, the first British jet
 May 26 – Kayaba Ka-1, the pioneering combat autogyro design.

June
 Brewster XSB2A-1, prototype of the Brewster SB2A Buccaneer and Brewster Bermuda

July
 July 19 – Beech Model 26, prototype of the Beechcraft AT-10 Wichita

August
 August 1 – Grumman TBF Avenger
 August 8 – Spencer Air Car

September
 Polikarpov TIS
 September 18 – Curtiss XP-60

December
 Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien ("Swallow"), Allied reporting name "Tony"
 December 5 – Kawanishi E15K Shiun ("Violet Cloud"), Allied reporting name "Norm"
 December 8 – Nakajima A6M2-N (Allied reporting name "Rufe")
 December 22
Fairey Firefly prototype Z1826
Vought XTBU-1, prototype of the Consolidated TBY Sea Wolf

Entered service
 Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa ("Peregrine Falcon"), Allied reporting name "Oscar", with the 59th and 64th Groups, Imperial Japanese Army Air Force
 Stinson L-1 Vigilant with the United States Army Air Corps
 Early 1941 – Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 with the Soviet Air Force
 Autumn 1941 – Nakajima Ki-49 Donryu ("Storm Dragon"), Allied reporting name "Helen", with the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force
 Late 1941 – Aichi E13A (Allied reporting name "Jake") with the Imperial Japanese Navy

February
 P-39 Airacobra with 31st Pursuit Group (39th, 40th, and 41st Pursuit Squadrons), United States Army Air Corps

April
 Mitsubishi G4M (Allied reporting name "Betty") with the Imperial Japanese Navys 1st Naval Air Corps
 April 7 – Douglas Havoc night fighter with No. 85 Squadron, RAF

May
 Northrop N-3PB with RAF's No. 330 (Norwegian) Squadron

July
 Mitsubishi Ki-46 (Allied reporting name "Dinah") with Imperial Japanese Army Air Force

August
 Focke-Wulf Fw 189 with the German Luftwaffe
 Focke-Wulf Fw 190 with the German Luftwaffe
 Nakajima Ki-43 Hayabusa ("Peregrine Falcon"; Allied reporting name "Oscar") with the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force.

September
 Bell Airacobra (British export version; U.S. Army Air Forces designation P-400) with No. 601 Squadron, RAF

November
 de Havilland Mosquito with No. 105 Squadron, RAF

December
 Avro Lancaster with No. 44 (Rhodesia) Squadron, RAF

Retirements
 Avro 621 Tutor by the RAF
 Mid-1941
Berliner-Joyce OJ-2 by the United States Navy
Saro London (from front-line service) by the Royal Air Force and Royal Canadian Air Force

May
Handley Page Heyford by the Royal Air Force; the RAF's last biplane heavy bomber

References

Aviation by year

1941 in aviation