Mariano Azuela González (January 1, 1873 – March 1, 1952) was a Mexican writer and medical doctor, best known for his fictional stories of the Mexican Revolution of 1910. He wrote novels, works for theatre and literary criticism. He is the first of the "novelists of the Revolution," and he influenced other Mexican novelists of social protest.

Among Azuela's first published writing were some short pieces for the magazine Gil Blas Cómico, where he wrote under the pen name of "Beleño", and his writing published under the heading Impresiones de un estudiante (Impressions of a Student) in 1896. His first novel, Maria Luisa, was written in 1907, followed by Los fracasados (The Failures) in 1908, and Mala yerba (Weeds) in 1909. The theme of his beginning novels are about fate. He wrote of the social life of Mexicans during the Díaz dictatorship. After experiencing the Mexican Revolution first-hand, his writing style became sarcastic and disillusioned. His first novel with the Revolution theme is Andrés Pérez, maderista in 1911, followed by Sin Amor (Without Love) in 1912, and his most popular, Los de abajo (The Underdogs) in 1915. He continued to write short works and novels influenced by the Revolution. It includes El camarada Pantoja (Comrade Pantoja) in 1937, Regina Landa in 1939, La nueva burguesía (The New Bourgeoisie) in 1941, and La maldición (The Curse, published posthumously) in 1955. These works mainly depicts the satirical picture of life in post revolutionary Mexico sharply and angrily stigmatizing demagoguery and political intrigue.

Early life and career

Azuela was born in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco to a small, but successful rancher, Evaristo Azuela and Paulina Azuela, on January 1, 1873. He grew up in a small farm owned by his father, which later influences the settings in many of his fictional works. He was first admitted to a Catholic seminary at the age of fourteen, but soon abandoned his religious studies. He studied medicine in Guadalajara, Jalisco. He received his M.D. in 1899, practicing medicine first in his home town of Lagos de Moreno, and later, after the Mexican revolution, practiced in Mexico City. In 1900, he married Carmen Rivera, niece of Agustín Rivera, priest and historian of Lagos de Moreno. He went on to have five sons and five daughters.

Like most young students, Azuela was opposed to the dictatorship of the Porfirio Díaz regime. During his days in the Mexican Revolution, Azuela wrote about the war and its impact on Mexico. After Porfirio Díaz was overthrown in 1911, Azuela served as state Director of Education of Jalisco under President Francisco I. Madero. Following Madero's 1913 assassination, Azuela joined the Constitutionalist cause, which sought to restore the rule of law. He traveled with the military forces of Julián Medina, a follower of Pancho Villa, where he served as a field doctor. His participation in the conflict gave him ample material to write Los de abajo (The Underdogs) (1915). He later was forced for a time to emigrate to El Paso, Texas, when the counterrevolutionary forces of Victoriano Huerta were temporarily triumphant. It was there that he wrote Los de abajo, which was his first-hand description of combat during the Mexican revolution, based on his experiences in the field. It was first published as a serial in the newspaper "El Paso del Norte" from October 1915 to December 1915. The book did not receive general recognition until 1924, and it was hailed as a novel of the Revolution. Los de abajo (The Underdogs) depicts the futility of the Revolution, the opportunists in power, and the underprivileged majority of his country. He fought for a better Mexico, and he believed the Revolution corrected some injustices, but it has given rise to others equally deplorable.

The Mexican Revolution's Effect on Mariano Azuela's Writing Career
In his encyclopedia entry "Azuela, Mariano (1873-1952)", Nicolás Kanellos underscores Azuela's physical involvement in the war, and its influence on Azuela's literary career. Kanellos begins by describing Azuela as, "one of Mexico's greatest novelists and chroniclers of the Mexican Revolution" (Kanellos, 105). In describing Azuela as a "chronicler", Kanellos immediately highlights one important feature of Azuela and his work, which is his tendency to record and portray history. In highlighting Azuela's relationship between history and literature, Kanellos establishes the inseparability of political and global contexts within Azuela's literary works; for example, Azuela's novel "The Underdogs" recounts the events of The Mexican Revolution from the perspective of the rebel soldiers. Therefore, Kanellos emphasizes the existing relationship between history and its involvement in Azuela's work. Kanellos then describes the reason as to why Azuela's literary works are deeply infused with Mexican politics and history stating, "Azuela's early career as a writer, in fact, was developed while participating in the Revolution first-hand as a physician in the army of Francisco 'Pancho' Villa" (Kanellos, 105). The terms "first-hand" and "participating" underscore Azuela's physical involvement in the war. Kanellos' use of the word "developed" then underscores the manner in which Azuela's physical involvement paved the way for his writing to grow and mature as a result of his experiences participating in the Mexican Revolution. Kanellos stresses in his encyclopedic entry the persisting role of history and its portrayal in Azuela's work, but he also emphasizes the manner in history, in particular the Mexican Revolution, essentially birthed Azuela's writing career.

Cultural Identity in The Underdogs

In Margy McCrary's article, "The Aztec Connection: Exploring the Construction of Azuela's Revolutionaries in The Underdogs", she examines the description of Demetrio as a "full-blooded Aztec". She argues he gains authority over the land, and constructs a cultural identity where he and Mexican peasants must establish in order to resist the Spanish conquerors.  McCrary contends that the purpose of a revolution is to reject the identity of the colonizer, but in order to do this "some sort of unified identity is necessary for a group to revolt successfully" (McCrary 31). The pre-colonial Aztec is embodied by Demetrio Macías because he is connected to both his ancestors and the land. Demetrio is depicted as "riding proudly on his horse" with "pure-blooded Aztec cheeks", however, Demetrio "seems devoid of any defined identity" because he never acknowledges a greater reasoning to his involvement in the revolution other than either revenge or satisfaction in being the revolutionaries' leader (Azuela 72). This illuminates that Azuela may care about the revolution more than the characters do. McCrary further explains that on page seventy-two of the novel, Macias and his "men threw out their chests as if to breathe the widening horizon" and the "immensity of the sky" illustrating how Demetrio's freedom is connected to the earth itself and that Demetrio is a legitimate inhabitant of the land. Furthermore, the sense of freedom that Demetrio and the Mexican men feel on the land serves to "distance them from their oppressed identities as colonized beings" because they immediately forget their bleak lives as conquered peasants (36). By depicting Demetrio as a pure-blooded Aztec, Azuela reveals that he as an author is "displeased with the current, colonized identity of his people" and wishes to reconstruct a strong Mexican identity before it had "been influenced by the Spanish colonizers" (37). As a result, Azuela emphasizes the consequences of colonization because Demetrio is "so far separated from his own heritage and identity that he does not even recognize it consciously" (39). When Demetrio begins to forget his identity it results in "petty fighting, looting, and anarchy" (34). Azuela emphasizes Demetrio's heritage so that readers understand what is at stake if cultural identity is lost.

Later life
In 1917 he moved to Mexico City where, for the rest of his life, he continued his writing, and worked as a doctor among the poor.

In 1942 he received the Mexican National Prize for Literature. On April 8, 1943 he became a founding member of Mexico's National College, where he gave lectures on Mexican, French, and Spanish novelists, and on his own literary experiences. In 1949 he received the Mexican National Prize for Arts and Sciences. He died in Mexico City March 1, 1952 and was placed in a sepulchre of the Panteón Civil in the Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres.

Partial list of works

Novels
María Luisa (1907).
La rueda del aire (1908, The Air Wheel).
Los fracasados (1908, The Losers).
Los triunfadores (1909, The Winners).
Mala yerba (1909, Bad Weed).
Andrés Pérez, maderista (1911, Andrés Pérez, a Supporter of Madero).
Sin Amor (1912, Without Love).
Los de abajo (1915, The Underdogs) Partial Critical Edition.
Los caciques (1917, The Bosses).
Las moscas (1918, The Flies).
Las tribulaciones de una familia decente (1918, The Tribulations of a Decent Family).
El camarada Pantoja (1937, Comrade Pantoja)
San Gabriel De Valdivias: Comunidad Indegena (1938, San Gabriel de Valdivias: Indigenous Community).
Regina Landa (1939).
Niño (1939, Child)
Avanzada (1940, Advanced).
La nueva burguesía (1941, The New Bourgeoisie).
La marchanta (1944, The Merchantwoman).
La mujer domada (1946, The Woman Shrew).
Sendas perdidas (1949, Lost Roads).
La maldición (1955, The Curse [posthumous]).
Esa sangre (1956, That Blood [posthumous]).

Fictionalized Biographies
Pedro Moreno (1935).
Precursores (1935, Precursors).

Novelettes
La malhora (1923, Evil Hour).
El desquite (1925, The Revenge).
La luciérnaga (1932, The Firefly).

Essay Collections
Cien años de novela mexicana (1947, One Hundred Years of the Mexican Novel).

Partial list of works translated into English
The Underdogs (1929). New York: Brentano's.
Marcela: A Mexican Love Story (1932). Anita Brenner, Trans. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, Incorporated. (A translation of Mala yerba)
Two Novels of Mexico: The Flies. The Bosses (1956). Lesley Byrd Simpson, Trans. Berkeley: University of California Press.
The Underdogs (1963). Enrique Munguía, Trans. New York: New American Library.
Two Novels of the Mexican Revolution (1963). Frances Kellam Hendricks and Beatrice Berler, Trans. San Antonio, Texas: Principia Press of Trinity University. (The Trials of a Respectable Family, and The Underdogs.)
Three Novels (1979).  Frances Kellam Hendricks and Beatrice Berler, Trans. San Antonio, Texas: Trinity University Press. (The Trials of a Respectable Family, The Underdogs, and The Firefly.)

See also

Mexican Revolution
Porfirio Diaz
Francisco Madero
The Underdogs

References

 This article partially draws on the corresponding article in the Spanish-language Wikipedia, accessed 04:37, Nov 21, 2004 (UTC).
 That appears to have been drawn largely from his official biography at the Colegio Nacional, México. Re-accessed Sept 9, 2005.

External links

 Website for 2015 Azuela Conference at CSULA

1873 births
1952 deaths
Writers from Jalisco
Members of El Colegio Nacional (Mexico)
19th-century Mexican writers
People of the Mexican Revolution
People from Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco
Mexican novelists
Male novelists
20th-century Mexican writers
20th-century Mexican male writers
19th-century male writers

Mariano Azuela


Vergesellschaftung steht für:

 Vergesellschaftung (Soziologie)
 Vergesellschaftung der Produktionsmittel in der DDR, siehe Kollektivierung #Deutsche Demokratische Republik
 Vergesellschaftung (Biologie)
 Ansammlung verschiedener Mineralien an ihrem Bildungsort, siehe Paragenese
 Ansammlung von Fundstücken in der Archäologie, siehe Vergesellschafteter Fund

Siehe auch:

Vergesellschaftung


El Rimini Baseball Club es un equipo profesional de béisbol italiano, con sede en el estadio "dei Pirati" de la ciudad de Rímini y que participa en la temporada regular de la Italian Baseball League. Fue fundado en 1950 por Eugenio Pagnini, profesor de educación física, quien durante un viaje a Estados Unidos adquirió la pasión por el béisbol, trayéndolo a su ciudad.

Palmarés

Scudetti (Títulos de Liga)
13 Títulos:

Copas Italia
5 Títulos:

Copa Campeones de Europa
3 Títulos:

Roster 2013
Riccardo Bertagnon
Filippo Crociati
Jim Buccheri (*)
Alex Romero
Mario Chiarini
Pierangelo Cit
Leonardo Zileri
Jack Santora
Giuseppe Spinelli
Riccardo Babini
Ramón Castro
Adolfo Gómez (*)
Lorenzo Di Fabio
Carlos Pezzullo
Sandy Patrone
Andrew Baldwin (*)
Yorman Bazardo (*)
Roberto Corradini
Tommaso Cherubini
Enorbel Márquez

Enlaces externos
 Sitio oficial del club

Equipos de béisbol de Italia

Rimini Baseball Club


Legetøjsmuseet kan henvise til:

 Legetøjsmuseet (Nykøbing Falster) – legetøjsmuseum i Nykøbing Falster
 Legetøjsmuseet (Den Gamle By) – legetøjsmuseum i købstadsmuseet Den Gamle By i Aarhus
 Legetøjsmuseet (Prag) –  legetøjsmuseum i Prag

Legetøjsmuseet


Ivie Anderson (sometimes Ivy) (January 16, 1904 – December 28, 1949) was an American jazz singer. Anderson was a member of the Duke Ellington Orchestra for more than a decade.

Personal life

Anderson was born on January 16, 1904, in Gilroy, California. Although her mother's name is unknown, her father was Jobe Smith. From 1914 to 1918 (age 9 to 13), Anderson attended St. Mary's Convent and studied voice. At Gilroy grammar school and Gilroy High School, she joined glee club and choral society. She also studied voice under Sara Ritt while in Nannie H. Burroughs Institution in Washington, D.C. From 1930 to 1945, Anderson lived at 724 East 52nd Place in Los Angeles, part of the 52nd Place Historic District.

Career
Anderson's singing career began around 1921 with performances in Los Angeles. In 1924, she toured with the musical Shuffle Along. By 1925, she had performed in Cuba, the Cotton Club in New York City, and Los Angeles with the bands of Paul Howard, Curtis Mosby, and Sonny Clay. In 1928, she sang in Australia with Clay's band and starred in Frank Sebastian's Cotton Club in Los Angeles in April. Soon after, she began touring in the United States as a solo singer.

From 1930 to early 1931, with pianist Earl Hines's band, Anderson performed in a 20-week residency at the Grand Terrace in Chicago, Illinois. In 1931, she became the first full-time vocalist in the Duke Ellington orchestra. Her career for over a decade consisted of touring with Ellington. Her first appearance on record, "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)", recorded in 1932, was a hit. She participated in Ellington's first European tour in 1933. In 1940, she recorded "Solitude", "Mood Indigo", and "Stormy Weather". One of the rare occasions Anderson sang independently of Ellington in this period was her performance of "All God's Children Got Rhythm" in the  Marx Brothers film A Day at the Races (1937) for MGM.

Owing to her chronic asthma, Anderson left Ellington's band in 1942. She started the Chicken Shack restaurant in Los Angeles with Marque Neal after they married but sold the business when they divorced. She had a second marriage with Walter Collins. At the end of 1949, Anderson died in Los Angeles. Although her earliest obituary was dated December 27, 1949, later sources state her date of death as December 28, 1949.

Comments about Ivie Anderson
Anderson often received prominent billing on advertisements for Ellington's appearances in theatres, auditoriums, arenas, and ballrooms, wherever the Ellington band toured in the 1930s. She sang pop tunes and ballads and was the band's scat singer, imitating instrumental sounds and vocalizations. She was said to be one of Ellington's finest and most versatile singers before Swedish vocalist Alice Babs performed with the band. Ellington wrote Music Is My Mistress (1973) with Anderson in mind.

When Anderson played in Ellington's musical Jump for Joy, the California Eagle wrote of her:"Ivie can sing a song so that the audience get every word, and at the same time make cracks at Sonny Greer, tease Duke and wink at the boys in the front row. Wednesday night she went into a dance routine that would have slayed you."

Discography
1932
"It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)" (Brunswick 6265) February 2, 1932
"Delta Bound" (Columbia 37298) December 21, 1932 (not issued until the 1940s)
1933
"I've Got the World on a String" (UK Columbia CB-625) February 15, 1933 (recorded in New York but only issued overseas)
 "Stormy Weather" 1933 quoted in Stuart Nicholson's book "Reminiscing in Tempo" page 131
"Happy as the Day Is Long" (Brunswick 6571) May 9, 1933
"Raisin' the Rent" (Brunswick 6571) May 9, 1933
"Get Yourself a New Broom (and Sweep Your Blues Away)" (Brunswick 6607) May 9, 1933
"I'm Satisfied" (Brunswick 6638) August 15, 1933
1934
"Ebony Rhapsody" (Victor 24622) April 12, 1934
"Troubled Waters" (Victor 24651) May 9, 1934
"My Old Flame" (Victor 24651) May 9, 1934
1935
"Let's Have a Jubilee" (unissued on 78) January 9, 1935
"Cotton" (Brunswick 7525) August 19, 1935
"Truckin'" (Brunswick 7514) August 19, 1935
1936
"Dinah Lou" (unissued on 78) January 20, 1936
"Isn't Love the Strangest Thing?" (Brunswick 7625) February 27, 1936
"Love Is Like a Cigarette" (Brunswick 7627) February 28, 1936
"Kissin' My Baby Goodnight" (Brunswick 7627) February 28, 1936
"Oh Babe! Maybe Someday" (Brunswick 7667) February 28, 1936
"Shoe Shine Boy" (Brunswick 7710) July 17, 1936
"It Was a Sad Night in Harlem" (Brunswick 7710) July 17, 1936
1937
"I've Got To Be a Rug Cutter" (Master MA-101) March 5, 1937
"My Honey's Lovin' Arms" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-629) March 25, 1937
"Did Anyone Ever Tell You?" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-541) March 25, 1937
"Where Are You?" (as The Gotham Stompers) (Variety VA-541) March 25, 1937
(The Gotham Stompers session included members of Ellington's band plus members of Chick Webb's.)
"There's a Lull in My Life" (Master MA-117) April 9, 1937
"It's Swell of You" (Master MA-117) April 9, 1937
"The Old Plantation" (as Ivie Anderson And Her Boys From Dixie) (Variety VA-591) April 22, 1937
"All God's Chillun Got Rhythm" (as Ivie Anderson And Her Boys From Dixie) (Variety VA-591) June 8, 1937
"Alabamy Home" (Master VA-137) June 8, 1937
1938
"If You Were in My Place (What Would You Do?)" (Brunswick 8093) February 24, 1938
"Scrounch" (Brunswick 8093) February 24, 1938
"Carnival in Caroline" (Brunswick 8099) March 3, 1938
"Swingtime in Honolulu" (Brunswick 8131) April 11, 1938
"You Gave Me the Gate (and I'm Swingin')" (Brunswick 8169) June 7, 1938
"Rose of the Rio Grande" (Brunswick 8186) June 7, 1938
"When My Sugar Walks Down the Street" (Brunswick 8168) June 7, 1938
"Watermelon Man" (Brunswick 8200) June 20, 1938
"La De Doody Do" (Brunswick 8174) June 20, 1938
1939
"In a Mizz" (Brunswick 8405) June 12, 1939
"I'm Checkin' Out, Goo'm Bye" (Columbia 35208) June 12, 1939
"A Lonely Co-ed" (Columbia 35240) June 12, 1939
"You Can Count On Me" (Brunswick 8411) June 12, 1939
"Killing Myself" (Columbia 35640) October 16, 1939
"Your Love Has Faded" (Columbia 35640) October 16, 1939
1940
"Solitude" (Columbia 35427) February 14, 1940
"Stormy Weather" (Columbia 35556) February 14, 1940
"Mood Indigo" (Columbia 35427) February 14, 1940
"So Far, So Good" (Victor 26537) March 6, 1940
"Me and You" (Victor 26598) March 15, 1940
"At a Dixie Roadside Diner" (Victor 26719) July 22, 1940
"Five O'Clock Whistle" (Victor 26748) September 15, 1940
1941
"Chocolate Shake" (Victor 27531) June 26, 1941
"I Got It Bad (and That Ain't Good)" (Victor 27531) June 26, 1941
"Jump for Joy" (Victor LPV 517) July 2, 1941
"Rocks in My Bed" (Victor 27639) September 26, 1941
1942
"I Don't Mind" (Victor 20-1598) February 26, 1942
"Hayfoot, Strawfoot" (Victor 20-1505) July 28, 1942

Compilations
Duke Ellington Presents Ivie Anderson [1931–1940] (Columbia KG 32064 2-LP release) 1973
Her Best Recordings, 1932–1942 (Best Of Jazz 4020) 1995

Appearances on Ellington recordings
Duke Ellington
The Blanton–Webster Band [1940–1942] (RCA 5659-2-RB) 1990
Ellington and His Great Vocalists (Columbia CK 66372) 1993

Charting singles

References

External links
 Ivie Anderson – American National Biography, Barry Kernfeld
 Musician Ivie Anderson (Vocal) All About Jazz
 Ivie Anderson – Music Biography, Credits and Discography AllMusic

1904 births
1949 deaths
People from Gilroy, California
20th-century African-American women singers
American women jazz singers
American jazz singers
Duke Ellington Orchestra members
Gilroy High School alumni
Jazz musicians from California
Exclusive Records artists

Ivie Anderson


الرائيلية  هي ديانة فكرتها مرتبطة بكائنات فضائية افتراضية. أسسها صحفي السيارات الرياضية السابق الفرنسي كلود فوريلون في باريس، فرنسا عام 1974 إثر مؤتمر ضخم، وتوصف الرائيلية بأنها أكبر ديانة كائنات فضائية في العالم.

المعتقدات
الرائيليون يؤمنون بأن فوريلون، والذين يسمونه رائيل، تلقى علوما وإرشادات من كائنات الإلوهيم وهي كائنات -حسب اعتقادهم- قريبة من الإنسان وأنها هي من خلق مظاهر الحياة على كوكب الأرض. الرائيليون يؤمنون أيضا أن هذه الكائنات وصلت إلى كوكب الأرض في الماضي وأنها ظهرت بمظهر «الآلهة» أو «الملائكة» للبشر في السابق وكانت سببا في تأسيس العديد من الديانات المعروفة اليوم.

انظر أيضًا
 دين الكائن الكوني
 تاريخ البشرية
 ارك فون دانكن

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 Rael.org - الموقع الرسمي للحركة الرائيلية
 الإذاعة الرائيلية الرسمية
 أخبار وآراء عن الحركة الرائيلية

المليارية
حركات دينية جديدة
لاألوهية
منظمات دينية أسست في 1974

رائيلية


Suğluca, Samsun ilinin Çarşamba ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Tarihçe
Köy, ismini, Rus zulmünden kaçıp Osmanlı hükûmeti tarafından şimdiki Suğluca mahallesi ve civarına yerleştirilen Sav Türklerinden almıştır. Suğluca'nın asıl ismi Savlıca'dır. Sonradan adı Suğluca olarak değiştirilmiştir.

Coğrafya
Samsun iline 45 km, Çarşamba ilçesine 9 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Çarşamba'nın mahalleleri

Suğluca, Çarşamba


Happy New Years er en dansk kortfilm fra 2012, der er instrueret af Emil Falke efter manuskript af ham selv og Jacob Katz Hansen.

Handling
Efterskolekæresterne Siv og Patrick driver lykkelige rundt i en sommer fyldt med punkkoncerter, selvrensende hår og evigt smil på Patricks piercede læber. De har langstrakte snavesessioner, mens de forsigtigt piller sig frem mod beseglingen af deres kærlighed. Men da Siv starter i gymnasiet begynder lykken at briste. Pludselig har Patricks monologer om 'grunge' og støvledans ikke længere samme tiltrækningskraft - specielt ikke når Sivs nye venner ser på.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Kortfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 2012

Happy New Years


يارون هي إحدى القرى اللبنانية من قرى قضاء بنت جبيل في محافظة النبطية.

تقع يارون في قضاء بنت جبيل أحد أقضية محافظة النبطية. تبعد يارون 126 كلم (78.2964 مي) عن بيروت عاصمة لبنان. ترتفع 780 م (2559.18 قدم - 853.008 يارد) عن سطح البحر وتمتد على مساحة 1518 هكتاراً (15.18 كلم²- 5.85948 مي²).

يارون أقصى حدود الوطن، جارة فلسطين ومعبر ثوارها الأوائل من ناصيف نصار إلى الشهيد رضوان صالح. يعود ذكرها إلى اليوميات مع تكرر الاعتداءات الإسرائيلية والخروقات البرية والجوية والدوريات.الألغام منثورة في أراضيها، ولطالما سكنت طرقها وحقولها دبابات وآليات »اليونيفيل«. وهي أيضاً الغائبة عن خرائط التنمية الرسمية، فيما سيرتها سيرة القصور الفخمة.. والخاوية.

يعتقد البعض أن اسم يارون يعود إلى العهد الكنعاني.

يبلغ عدد السكّان المسجّلين في يارون 2250 نسمة. في الانتخابات 2005 كان في يارون 6488 منتخب مسجل ومنهم 3538 منتخب فعليّ.

تشاطر بلدة يارون الحدودية في قضاء بنت جبيل عدداً من مثيلاتها في قرى القضاء، ولا سيما المحيطة بها كبنت جبيل وتبنين وبرعشيت والجميجمة في تكريس مبادئ العيش المشترك وأسسه ما بين المقيمين فيها من مسيحيين ومسلمين.

اشتهر أهل البلدة بالزراعة وتربية الماشية، كحال معظم سكان هذه المناطق، لكن الاحتلالات المتعاقبة والاعتداءات الكثيرة التي تعرضت لها البلدة، جعلت أبناءها يسلكون درب الهجرة.

من الناحية التعليمية في يارون مدرسة رسمية (الا انها غير مستخدمة منذ بضع سنوات) ودير سان جاورجيوس الابتدائي الذي أصبح شبه منسياً.

من الناحية الصحية فمستوصف الدير المتواضع هو الوحيد.

من الناحية الدينية فهناك جامع البلدة والحسينية ومقام الخضر (ع) ومصلى الجبانة والكنيسة.

من الناحية الأثرية كشفت بعض الأعمال الانشائية في بلدة يارون مؤخرا، عن بعض الاحجار الكبيرة، التي يعتقد انها اثرية، بسبب اشكالها المصقولة وحجمها وموقعها في مكان سبق ان وجدت فيه آثار. والاحجار التي وجدت، مصفوفة بشكل هندسي طولي، على عمق يتجاوز المتر تحت التراب، على تلة <<عارة>> القريبة من السياج الحدودي مع فلسطين المحتلة. وهو نفس المكان الذي وجد فيه سابقا قبر حجري منقوش، في صخرة كبيرة، يشبه إلى حد كبير قبر ملك حيرام الصوري وحرج البلدة الذي يعتبر الأكبر من نوعه في أقصى الجيب الجنوبي التابع لقضاء بنت جبيل، تقدر مساحته بـ650 دونماً، ويضم ما لا يقل عن سبعة آلاف سنديانة معمرة (عمر معظمها أكثر من مئة عام)، وتبذل الجهود سنوياً، من قبل جهات محلية وأجنبية، للمحافظة عليه.

كباقي القرى الجنوبية واللبنانية تفتقر يارون إلى الكثير من الإنماء والنشاطات والمساعدات بغض النظر عن الدعم الخاص من الأيادي الخيِّرة.

وصلات خارجية
لمزيد من الإطلاع على أحوال هذه البلدة اللبنانية مراجعة
موقع بلدة يارون

المراجع

أماكن مأهولة في لبنان
أماكن مأهولة في محافظة النبطية
قرى جبل عامل
قضاء بنت جبيل
مدن لبنان
أماكن مأهولة في قضاء بنت جبيل

يارون


أدولفو ملينديز  أحد رؤساء ريال مدريد من 1908 إلى 1916 وأيضا في ولاية أخرى من عام 1936 إلى 1940.

مراجع

أشخاص من قرجيطة
ملينديز, أدولفو
لاعبو كرة قدم إسبان
مواليد 1884
مواليد في قرجيطة
وفيات 1968

أدولفو ملينديز


Hrvatsko mjeriteljsko društvo (HMD) hrvatska je nedržavna neprofitna udruga čiji su članovi fizičke i pravne osobe koje se bave ili se zanimaju za mjerenja. Strukovna je udruga 300 pojedinaca i pridruženih laboratorija i poduzeća. Radi na poboljšanju mjeriteljske infrastrukture u Hrvatskoj i njezine prilagodbe europskoj praksi.

Povijest
Osnovano je 1980. pod imenom Mjeriteljsko društvo Hrvatske kao međustrukovno društvo tadašnjega Saveza inženjera i tehničara Hrvatske. Od 1992. djeluje pod sadašnjim nazivom, kao član Hrvatskog inženjerskog saveza.

Glasila
Od 1983. izdaje glasilo Izvještaji, vijesti i poruke. Godine 1985. počeli su objavljivati Mjeriteljski vjesnik, čiji je glavni urednik Mladen Boršić.

Od 2012. HMD sa suizdavačima Državnim inspektoratom, Državnim zavodom za mjeriteljstvo, Hrvatskom agencijom za poštu i elektroničke komunikacije, Hrvatskom akreditacijskom agencijom, Hrvatskom gospodarskom komorom, Hrvatskim mjeriteljskim institutom, Hrvatskim zavodom za norme, Centrom za vozila Hrvatske i Plinacrom objavljuje Svijet po mjeri, časopis za mjeriteljstvo, normizaciju, akreditaciju, ocjenjivanje sukladnosti, sigurnost proizvoda. Glavni urednik je Mladen Jakovčić.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Hrvatsko mjeriteljsko društvo
Facebook
Državni zavod za mjeriteljstvo Časopisi
Svijet po mjeri

Kvaliteta
Hrvatske udruge

Hrvatsko mjeriteljsko društvo


Lourival Faustino Vilanova ou simplesmente Lourival Vilanova (Caruaru, Pernambuco, 7 de agosto de 1915 — Recife, Pernambuco, 4 de novembro de 2001) foi um jurista brasileiro. Reconhecido como um dos principais filósofos do direito do Brasil, ele foi professor catedrático da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, além de ter ocupado diversos cargos públicos, com destaque para o de Procurador-Geral do Estado de Pernambuco.

Biografia
Lourival Vilanova nasceu no início do século XX na cidade de Caruaru, situada no agreste do estado de Pernambuco. Ele é filho de José Vilanova e Catarina Vilanova, tendo cursado o ensino primário e o ensino secundário no Colégio Americano Batista do Recife.

Após ser aprovado no vestibular para o curso de Direito da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), ele se graduou bacharel pela Faculdade de Direito do Recife da UFPE em 1942, tendo prosseguido os seus estudos na mesma instituição, pela qual obteve as titulações de mestre e doutor em direito.

Lourival Vilanova foi casado com Cleonice Vilanova, tendo 3 filhos (Ana Lúcia, Carlos Fernando e Márcia Cristina).

Além de ter uma atuação acadêmica no campo jurídico, ele também foi destacadas atuações como operador do direito e servidor público, tendo atuado como Procurador-Geral do Estado de Pernambuco, Consultor-Geral do Estado de Pernambuco, Secretário Estadual de Educação e Cultura de Pernambuco durante a gestão do governador Cid Sampaio (fev. 1959 - jan. 1963), além de membro do Conselho Diretor da Fundação Joaquim Nabuco (FUNDAJ).

Vida acadêmica
Vilanova era considerado um dos expoentes da denominada "Segunda geração da escola do Recife", movimento jusfilosófico que reuniu diversos juristas que fizeram parte da Faculdade de Direito do Recife da UFPE no século XX, a exemplo de Pontes de Miranda, Pinto Ferreira, Vamireh Chacon, Cláudio Souto, Nelson Saldanha, Bernadete Pedrosa e Margarida Cantarelli.

Em 1947, ele defendeu na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco a tese de livre docência chamada de Sôbre o conceito do direito, a qual, após ser aprovada pela banca de avaliação, permitiu à Lourival Vilanova se tornar docente livre de "introdução à ciência do direito" na referida instituição de ensino.

Em 1953, ele defendeu na Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco a tese para a cátedra de Teoria Geral do Estado chamada de O problema do objeto da teoria geral do estado, a qual, após ser aprovada pela banca de avaliação, permitiu à Lourival Vilanova se tornar professor catedrático na referida instituição de ensino. Assim, Lourival Vilanova foi professor catedrático na Faculdade de Direito do Recife da UFPE, onde lecionou nas disciplinas de Introdução à Ciência do Direito, Teoria Geral do Estado e Filosofia do Direito, tendo se tornado diretor da Faculdade de Direito do Recife da UFPE e coordenador da pós-graduação stricto sensu em Direito da UFPE.

Além de professor na UFPE, ele atuou como professor visitante na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC-SP) e em instituições estrangeiras como a Universidade de Buenos Aires e a Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Lisboa.

Legado
Lourival Vilanova deixou uma contribuição relevante para o desenvolvimento da filosofia do direito e do direito público no Brasil, especialmente a sub-área da lógica aplicada aos fenômenos jurídicos (a "lógica jurídica") especialmente em virtude de seus livros Lógica jurídica e As estruturas lógicas e o sistema de direito positivo serem consideradas duas obras destacadas da filosofia do direito no país.

Integrante da "Segunda geração da Escola de Recife", Lourival Vilanova desenvolveu um debate sobre o  o aspecto linguístico do direito e as estruturas lógicas da norma jurídica, além de fazer um contraponto teórico ao jurista Pinto Ferreira, outro expoente da referida escola de pensamento.

Defensor de uma visão formalista do direito em que este deveria buscar uma racionalidade lógica no lugar da racionalidade positivista de origem em Augusto Comte, Lourival Vilanova afirma que:

De acordo com o filósofo Antônio Paim, Lourival Vilanova e Franco Montoro seriam representantes do "normativismo jurídico" no pensamento filosófico brasileiro.

Homenagens
Em vida, ele foi homenageado com a Comenda Barão do Rio Branco.

Após sua morte, a Procuradoria-Geral do Estado de Pernambuco (PGE-PE) resolveu homenagear sua memória criando a Medalha do Mérito Jurídico Professor Lourival Vilanova, destinada a prestigiar pessoas e instituições jurídicas com destaque em Pernambuco.

Obra
Livros e artigos do autor:
 Lógica Jurídica (1ª edição em 1976);
 Escritos jurídicos e filosóficos;
 Causalidade e relação no Direito;
 As estruturas lógicas e o sistema do Direito Positivo;
 As tendências atuais do Direito Público;
 Os fundamentos filosóficos da Psicologia;
 Sobre o conceito do direito (1947);
 O Problema do Objeto na Teoria Geral do Estado (1954);
 Para um ensaio sobre a cultura (1966);
 Teoria das formas sintáticas (1969);
 Teoria Formal das Variáveis;
 Teoria da Norma Fundamental (1975);
 Teoria Jurídica da Revolução (1976);
 A Dimensão Política das Funções do Supremo Tribunal Federal;
 Proteção Jurisdicional dos Direitos numa Sociedade em Desenvolvimento;
 Direito Educacional como Possível Ramo da Ciência Jurídica;
 Alguns Aspectos da Formação do Docente Universitário;
 Aspectos do Romantismo na Literatura Inglesa.

Naturais de Caruaru
Alunos da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
Juristas do Brasil
Juristas de Pernambuco
Professores da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

Lourival Vilanova


Sir James Alexander Kilfedder (16 July 1928 – 20 March 1995), usually known as Sir Jim Kilfedder, was a  Northern Irish unionist politician.

Early life
Jim Kilfedder born in Kinlough, a village in the north of County Leitrim in what was then the Irish Free State. His family later moved to Enniskillen in neighbouring County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland, where Jim was raised. Kilfedder was educated at Portora Royal School in Enniskillen and at Trinity College, Dublin (TCD). During his time at TCD, he acted as Auditor of the College Historical Society, one of the oldest undergraduate debating societies in the world.  He became a barrister, called to the Irish Bar at King's Inns, Dublin, in 1952 and to the English Bar at Gray's Inn in 1958. He practised law in London.

Political career
At the 1964 general election, Kilfedder was elected as an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) Member of Parliament for West Belfast. During the campaign, there were riots in Divis Street when the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) removed an Irish flag from the Sinn Féin offices of Billy McMillen. This followed a complaint by Kilfedder in the form of a telegram to the Minister of Home Affairs, Brian McConnell. It read "Remove tricolour in Divis Street which is aimed to provoke and insult loyalists of Belfast." Kilfedder lost his seat at the 1966 election to Gerry Fitt. He was elected again in the 1970 general election for North Down, and held the seat until his death in 1995.

Kilfedder was elected for North Down in the 1973 Assembly election, signing Brian Faulkner's pledge to support the White Paper which eventually established the Sunningdale Agreement but becoming an anti-White Paper Unionist after the election. In 1975 he stood for the same constituency in the Constitutional Convention election, polling over three quotas as a UUP member of the United Ulster Unionist Coalition (UUUC) although he refused to sign the UUUC's pledge of conduct.

He left the UUP in 1977 in opposition to the party's policies tending to integrationism, preferring to advocate the restoration of the Stormont administration. For a time he sat as an "Independent Ulster Unionist". He contested the 1979 European Parliament Election under that label, finishing fourth in the count for the three seats, having overtaken the UUP leader Harry West on transfers.

In 1980 he formed the Ulster Popular Unionist Party (UPUP) and was re-elected under that label in all subsequent elections. He again topped the poll in the 1982 Assembly election and was elected as Speaker of the Assembly (to 1986). He generally took the Conservative whip at Westminster. Whilst Speaker, he was paid more than the Prime Minister.

Death and legacy
On 20 March 1995, while travelling by train into London from Gatwick Airport, Sir Jim Kilfedder died of a heart attack. This was the same day that the Belfast Telegraph carried a front-page story saying that an Ulster MP had been targeted as one of twenty MPs invited by the LGBT rights organisation OutRage! in a letter to come out.

He died unmarried, survived by two sisters. Kilfedder was described as "a phenomenon or perhaps a left-over from a remote era of Northern Irish politics when Ulster was represented by such figures as Lord Robert Grosvenor, Major Robin Chichester-Clark, Stratton Mills, and Rafton Pounder."

Kilfedder was described by Democratic Unionist Party MLA Peter Weir as "the best MP North Down ever had."

The UPUP did not outlive him, and the by-election for his Commons seat was won by Robert McCartney, standing for the UK Unionist Party. McCartney had fought the seat in the 1987 general election as a "Real Unionist" with the backing of the Campaign for Equal Citizenship. At the 1987 election count, in his victory speech, Kilfedder had "attacked his rival's supporters as 'a rag tag collection of people who shame the name of civil rights.' He said they included communists, Protestant paramilitaries and Gay Rights supporters and he promised to expose more in future." McCartney lost North Down in 2001 to Lady Hermon of the UUP.

Kilfedder's personal and political papers (including constituency affairs) are held at the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland, reference D4127.

Kilfedder is buried in Roselawn Cemetery in East Belfast.

References

External links

1928 births
1995 deaths
Auditors of the College Historical Society
Leaders of political parties in Northern Ireland
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Down constituencies (since 1922)
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Belfast constituencies (since 1922)
Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
Independent members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom
Irish barristers
English barristers
Knights Bachelor
Members of Gray's Inn
UK MPs 1964–1966
UK MPs 1970–1974
UK MPs 1974
UK MPs 1974–1979
UK MPs 1979–1983
UK MPs 1983–1987
UK MPs 1987–1992
UK MPs 1992–1997
Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly 1973–1974
Members of the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention
Northern Ireland MPAs 1982–1986
People educated at Portora Royal School
Politicians from County Leitrim
20th-century lawyers from Northern Ireland
Alumni of King's Inns
20th-century English lawyers
Lawyers from County Leitrim
Lawyers from County Fermanagh

James Kilfedder


Avenida Potomac es una estación en las líneas Azul, Plata y Naranja del Metro de Washington, administrada por la Autoridad de Tránsito del Área Metropolitana de Washington. La estación se encuentra localizada en 700 14th Street SE en Washington D. C.. La estación Avenida Potomac fue inaugurada el 1 de julio de 1977.

Descripción
La estación Avenida Potomac cuenta con 1 plataforma central. La estación también cuenta con 4 espacios para bicicletas y con 2 casilleros.

Conexiones
La estación es abastecida por las siguientes conexiones de autobuses:
 Rutas del MetroBusDC Circulator

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 WMATA: Estación Avenida Potomac
 Líneas del Metro de Washington

Estaciones de Metro de Estados Unidos inauguradas en 1977
Estaciones de la línea Azul (Metro de Washington)
Estaciones de la línea Naranja (Metro de Washington)
Estaciones de la línea Plata (Metro de Washington)
Capitol Hill

Avenida Potomac (Metro de Washington)


O massacre de Kishishe ocorreu de 29 de novembro a 1 de dezembro de 2022, na aldeia de Kishishe, no Kivu do Norte, no território de Rutchuru, no leste da República Democrática do Congo. O Movimento 23 de Março, um grupo armado predominantemente tutsi, matou sumariamente pelo menos 131 civis em Kishishe após confrontos com milícias locais, de acordo com uma investigação preliminar das Nações Unidas. Ao mesmo tempo, as autoridades de Kinshasa mencionaram aproximadamente 300 mortos no massacre.  Mais de centenas de milhares de pessoas foram deslocadas para outros locais, como Kanyabayonga, Kibirizi, Kashala, Kirima, Nyanzale, Kashalira, Bambu e Kitchanga, ou refugiadas em países vizinhos.

Massacres na República Democrática do Congo
Massacres em 2022
2022 na República Democrática do Congo

Massacre de Kishishe


Adrian Paul Heath (* 11. Januar 1961 in Stoke-on-Trent) ist ein ehemaliger englischer Fußballspieler und aktueller -trainer. Der klein gewachsene offensive Mittelfeldspieler, der auch als Stürmer eingesetzt werden konnte, galt als technisch versiert und mit einer guten Übersicht ausgestattet. Mit dem FC Everton verzeichnete er Mitte der 1980er-Jahre seine größten Erfolge, als er 1985 und 1987 zwei englische Meisterschaften und 1984 den FA Cup gewann.

1996 wechselte Heath ins Trainerfach, indem er bei seinem damaligen Verein FC Burnley zunächst als Spielertrainer fungierte. Seit 2008 ist er im US-amerikanischen Fußball unterwegs. Er war zunächst Trainer bei Austin Aztex; seit 2011 trainiert er das Franchise Orlando City, das bis 2014 in der United Soccer League gespielt hat und seit 2015 in der Major League Soccer startet.

Sportlicher Werdegang

Spielerlaufbahn

Stoke City (1979–1982)
Heath absolvierte seine ersten Profifußballspiele für Stoke City. Noch vor der Unterzeichnung eines Profivertrags im Januar 1979 hatte er im Oktober 1978 gegen den FC Fulham (0:2) in der ersten Mannschaft, die damals in der zweiten Liga spielte, debütiert. Beim Aufstieg nach Ablauf der Saison 1978/79 war mit insgesamt zwei Second-Division-Einsätzen zwar nur eine Randfigur, aber in der höchsten englischen Spielklasse angekommen entwickelte er sich dort in den folgenden beiden Jahren zum Stammspieler. Dabei trug er mit fünf und im zweiten Jahr mit sechs Ligatoren dazu bei, dass die "Potters" zunächst recht knapp den Klassenerhalt und danach einen komfortablen elften Rang bei ausgeglichenem Punktestand errangen. Weitere fünf Tore gelangen Heath zu Beginn der Saison 1981/82, bevor er Stoke City letztlich verließ. Dazu hatte er sich in der englischen U-21-Auswahl zu einer festen Größe entwickelt, später mit seinem Einsatz im Finalrückspiel der Europameisterschaft 1982 gegen Deutschland (2:3 nach einem 3:1-Hinspielsieg) einen Beitrag zum Titelgewinn geleistet.

FC Everton (1982–1988)
Für 700.000 Pfund wechselte "Inchy", wie Heath angesichts seiner geringen Körpergröße genannt wurde, im Januar 1982 zum FC Everton. In der Mannschaft des gerade einmal 35-jährigen Trainers Howard Kendall, der seit Beginn der Saison 1981/82 die Geschicke der "Toffees" zu lenken begonnen hatte, fand er zu Beginn nur zaghaft seine Rolle. Da er weder ein Stürmer klassischer Prägung noch ein gewöhnlicher Mittelfeldspieler war, hatte er mit Startschwierigkeiten zu kämpfen, war dann aber zur Mitte der 1980er-Jahre einer der Schlüsselspieler in einem Team, das zahlreiche bedeutende Titel gewann. Dabei wird sein Name besonders mit zwei Momenten in Verbindung gebracht. Bei seinem ersten sportlichen Höhepunkt sorgte er im Januar 1984 für ein spätes Ausgleichstor gegen Oxford United, das vielen Everton-Anhängern zu dieser Zeit als Startpunkt auf dem Weg zu den folgenden Titeln galt – über eine mögliche Entlassung von Kendall war im Falle einer Niederlage spekuliert worden. Wenige Monate später sorgte er im Halbfinale des FA Cups per Kopfball gegen den FC Southampton für den 1:0-Siegtreffer in der Verlängerung, wodurch der FC Everton erstmals nach 16 Jahren wieder das Pokalendspiel erreichte, das wiederum mit Heath gegen den FC Watford gewonnen wurde und dem Klub den ersten "Major Title" nach 1970 bescherte.

Zu Beginn der anschließenden Saison 1984/85 zeigte sich Heath formstark und schoss elf Tore in 17 Ligaspielen, bevor ihn eine schwere Knieverletzung aus einem Zweikampf mit Brian Marwood von Sheffield Wednesday für die restliche Spielzeit außer Gefecht setzte. Dadurch verpasste er sowohl die entscheidende Phase beim Gewinn der englischen Meisterschaft 1985 als auch alle Partien ab und inklusive des Viertelfinales auf dem Weg zum Sieg im europäischen Pokalsiegerwettbewerb. Darüber hinaus verhinderte die Blessur eine mögliche Nominierung in den A-Kader der englischen Nationalmannschaft.

Nach einer knapp verpassten Titelverteidigung in der Saison 1985/86 als Zweitplatzierter, in der Heath in 24 von 36 Ligapartien in der Startelf gestanden hatte, fand er in der Spielzeit 1986/87 zu seiner Rolle als Stammspieler zurück. Zum Gewinn seiner zweiten englischen Meisterschaft steuerte er elf Tore bei und war damit hinter Trevor Steven und Kevin Sheedy drittbester Schütze des FC Everton. Etwas mehr als ein Jahr agierte er danach noch in Liverpool, bevor es ihn im November 1988 zum spanischen Erstligisten Espanyol Barcelona zog.

Letzte Karrierestationen (1988–1996)
Die Zeit in Barcelona stand für Heath unter keinem guten Stern. Er stieg mit dem Klub, der seit der UEFA-Pokal-Finalniederlage 1988 kollektiv verunsichert schien, aus der Primera División ab und kehrte im August 1989 nach England zurück – die Statistik verzeichnete nur ein einziges Ligator in 24 Einsätzen während seines Spanien-Ausflugs.

Bei seiner nächsten Station Aston Villa fand er ebenso wenig sein Glück und wurde nach acht Startelf-Auftritten in den ersten neun Ligapartien von Trainer Graham Turner weitgehend nicht mehr eingesetzt. Kurz nach der Jahreswende 1990/91 wechselte Heath zu Manchester City, wo er erneut auf Trainer Kendall traf, der darüber hinaus eine Reihe weiterer ehemaliger Weggefährten der erfolgreichen Everton-Zeit verpflichtete. Vor allem in der anschließenden Saison 1991/92 bildete er mit Niall Quinn eine kontrastreiche Sturmpartnerschaft; im Gegensatz zu dem groß gewachsenen und kopfballstarken Quinn setzte Heath mehr auf seine Schnelligkeit und Wendigkeit. Bemängelt wurde dabei von Seiten der Anhänger seine geringe Torquote, die sich besonders in einer "Flaute" von 46 Spielen ohne Treffer äußerte und stetige Forderungen nach dem beliebteren Clive Allen auslöste. Im Verlauf der Saison 1991/92 verlor Heath seinen Stammplatz an Mike Sheron, woraufhin er im März 1992 für kurze Zeit zu Stoke City zurückging, das mittlerweile nur noch in der dritten Liga spielte. In den verbleibenden Begegnungen erreichte Heath mit Stoke die Play-off-Spiele, in denen er bereits im Halbfinale an Stockport County scheiterte.

Ablösefrei ging Heath im August 1992 dann zum Drittligakonkurrenten FC Burnley. Dort zeigte er sich in den ersten beiden Jahren formstark, verzeichnete in der Saison 1992/93 mit 19 Ligatoren die höchste Ausbeute in seiner aktiven Karriere und stieg im Jahr darauf in die zweite Liga auf. In der Saison 1994/95 wurde er mehr in eine Rolle direkt hinter den beiden Sturmspitzen verschoben, was eine Verringerung seiner Torquote zur Folge hatte. Dazu verletzte er sich schwer an der Achillessehne, weshalb er ab März 1995 pausieren musste und damit die entscheidenden Spiele bis zum Abstieg verpasste. Als Trainer Jimmy Mullen ihn auch in der folgenden Spielzeit 1995/96 nur zögerlich wieder einsetzte, nahm Heath im Dezember 1995 ein drittes Mal die Gelegenheit zur Zusammenarbeit mit Howard Kendall wahr und heuerte beim Zweitligisten Sheffield United an. Das Experiment dort dauerte jedoch nur knapp mehr als zwei Monate an, und nach lediglich fünf Einwechslungen kehrte er nach Burnley zurück, wo man ihm die Position des Spielertrainers angeboten hatte. Mit einigen taktischen Veränderungen, die aber nur wenig an den Resultaten verbesserten, gelang ihm der knappe Klassenerhalt. Nach zwei Einwechslungen zu Beginn der Saison 1996/97 beendete er seine aktive Spielerlaufbahn. Am Ende der Spielzeit belegte er mit den "Clarets" den neunten Rang, worauf ihn Chris Waddle in seinem Amt beerbte.

Trainerkarriere
Zwei Jahre nach den ersten "Gehversuchen" als Spielertrainer wurde er vor Beginn der Saison 1999/2000 als Cheftrainer von Sheffield United verpflichtet. Nur fünf Monate später verließ er den Klub wieder. Später arbeitete er mit seinem engen Freund und ehemaligen Everton-Mannschaftskameraden Peter Reid im Rahmen seines Engagements für den AFC Sunderland, Leeds United und Coventry City zusammen und übernahm bei zuletzt genanntem Klub nach der Entlassung von Reid im Januar 2005 interimistisch dessen Rolle. Anschließend blieb er auch unter Reids Nachfolger Micky Adams für Coventry City aktiv und diente dem Klub im Januar und Februar 2007 ein weiteres Mal als vorübergehender sportlicher Leiter. Als dann Iain Dowie verpflichtet wurde, endete Heaths Zeit in Coventry.

Seine berufliche Zukunft fand Heath danach im US-amerikanischen Fußball, als er im Februar 2008 Trainer des neu gegründeten Klubs Austin Aztex wurde. Der Verein, der in der USL-1 spielte und über Beziehungen zum englischen Klub Stoke City verfügte, wurde drei Jahre später nach Florida umgesiedelt. Dort trat er fortan als Orlando City auf und gewann 2011 mit Trainer Heath in der neu gegründeten USL Professional Division – hinter der MLS und der NASL die dritthöchsten Fußballliga – die Meisterschaft.

Ende 2014 stellte das USL-Pro-Franchise Orlando City seinen Betrieb ein und ging in das neue Major-League-Soccer-Franchise Orlando City über. Heath übernahm auch hier den Posten des Trainers.

Titel
als Spieler
 Europapokal der Pokalsieger: 1985
 Englische Meisterschaft: 1985, 1987
 Englischer Pokal: 1984
 Charity Shield: 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987
 U-21-Europameisterschaft: 1982
als Trainer
 USL-Pro-Meisterschaft: 2011

Literatur

Weblinks
 Profil beim FC Everton

 Trainerstatistiken der Soccerbase
 Statistische Daten Post War English & Scottish Football League A - Z Player's Database

Einzelnachweise

Fußballspieler (Stoke City)
Fußballspieler (FC Everton)
Fußballspieler (Espanyol Barcelona)
Fußballspieler (Aston Villa)
Fußballspieler (Manchester City)
Fußballspieler (FC Burnley)
Fußballspieler (Sheffield United)
Fußballtrainer (FC Burnley)
Fußballtrainer (Sheffield United)
Fußballtrainer (Coventry City)
Fußballtrainer (Vereinigte Staaten)
Person (Minnesota United)
Person (Orlando City)
Englischer Meister (Fußball)
Sportler (Stoke-on-Trent)
Brite
Engländer
Geboren 1961
Mann

Adrian Heath


Ester Tuiksoo (nascida a 5 de março de 1965, em Põlva ) é uma política e executiva estoniana . Ela foi membro do XI e XII Riigikogu, representando a União Popular da Estónia e, desde 2010, o Partido do Centro da Estónia .

Ela formou-se na Universidade de Tartu em 1983 com uma licenciatura em economia comercial.

Alunos da Universidade de Tartu
Nascidos em 1965
Pessoas vivas
Mulheres da Estônia na política
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Wikiconcurso de edição)

Ester Tuiksoo


An Prescottia tepuyensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Germán Carnevali ngan C.A.Vargas. An Prescottia tepuyensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Prescottia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Prescottia (Orchidaceae)

Prescottia tepuyensis


The Howard family is an English noble family founded by John Howard, who was created Duke of Norfolk (third creation) by King Richard III of England in 1483. However, John was also the eldest grandson (although maternal) of the 1st Duke of the first creation. The Howards have been part of the peerage since the 15th century and remain both the Premier Dukes and Earls of the Realm in the Peerage of England, acting as Earl Marshal of England. After the English Reformation, many Howards remained steadfast in their Catholic faith as the most high-profile recusant family; two members, Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel, and William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford, are regarded as martyrs: a saint and a blessed respectively.

The senior line of the house, as well as holding the title of Duke of Norfolk, is also Earl of Arundel, Earl of Surrey and Earl of Norfolk, as well as holding six baronies. The Arundel title was inherited in 1580, when the Howards became the genealogical successors to the paternally extinct FitzAlans, ancient kin to the House of Stuart, dating back to when the family first arrived in Great Britain from Brittany (see Alan fitz Flaad).

Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, married as his first wife Mary FitzAlan, who, after the death of her brother Henry in 1556, became heiress to the Arundel estates of her father Henry FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel. Her son was the above-mentioned Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel. It is from this marriage that the present Duke of Norfolk takes his surname of FitzAlan-Howard and why his seat is Arundel Castle. There have also been several notable cadet branches; those existing to this day include the Howards of Effingham, Howards of Carlisle, Howards of Suffolk and Howards of Penrith. The former three are earldoms, and the latter a barony.

Throughout much of English and later British history, the Howards have played an important role. Claiming descent from Hereward the Wake, the resister of the Norman conquest who has been much celebrated in folklore, John Howard fought to the death at the Battle of Bosworth Field in defence of the cause for the House of York. The Howards regained favour with the new Tudor dynasty after leading a defence of England from Scottish invasion at the Battle of Flodden, and Catherine Howard subsequently became the fifth wife and Queen consort to King Henry VIII. Her uncle, Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, played a significant role in Henrician politics. Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, served as Lord Admiral of the English fleet which defeated the invading Spanish Armada.

Arundel Castle has been in the family of the Duke of Norfolk for over 400 years, and it is still the principal seat of the Norfolk family. As cultural heritage, it is a Grade I listed building.

Origins

The later Howards would claim legendary descent from Hereward the Wake who was of Mercian background and resisted the Norman conquest of England from his base at the Isle of Ely. Hereward subsequently became a mainstay of English folklore.

A pedigree compiled and signed by Sir William Dugdale, Norroy King of Arms of the College of Arms, and dated 8 April 1665, stated that the Howard family are descended from the Howarth [sic, Howard] family of Great Howarth Hall, Rochdale. Also, "it is clear from above seventy deeds, without date, that the Howards, Dukes of Norfolk, do derive from the Howards Howarth of Great Howarth and that William Howard of Wigenhall… was a direct decedent of Osbert Howard de Howarth," and given lands in Rochdale on behalf of his service as Master of King Henry I's Buckhounds. Dugdale's account, however, has been disputed.

The indisputable descent begins with Sir William Howard (d.1308) of East Winch and Wiggenhall in Norfolk, a Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, who was summoned as a justice to the House of Commons in the Model Parliament of 1295. Sir William's son, Sir John Howard I, became Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk and married Joan de Cornwall, an illegitimate granddaughter of Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall and King of the Romans, the second son of King John.

History

Sir William's great-great-great-grandson, Sir Robert Howard, married Lady Margaret Mowbray, elder daughter of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk (1366–1399). The Mowbray line of Dukes died out in 1476 and the heiress of the last Duke, Anne Mowbray, died at the age of nine in 1481; after declaring her widower King Edward IV's son Richard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, illegitimate, Richard III of England created the son of Sir Robert and Lady Margaret, John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, of a new creation on 28 June 1483, the 200th anniversary of the Barony of Mowbray to which he was also senior co-heir. John had previously been summoned to Parliament as Lord Howard by Edward IV. He was also created hereditary Earl Marshal. John's son and heir, Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, was the grandfather of two English queens, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, both wives of Henry VIII.

The Howard family became one of the foremost recusant families due to their continued adherence to Roman Catholicism throughout the English Reformation and its aftermath. This meant that they often could not take their seats in the House of Lords. Three family members in a row fell out of favor and were attainted because of their Catholic beliefs: Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey in late 1546 was arrested for treason and also partly for being a Catholic, being executed in January 1547. The son of Surrey, Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk who, despite having been brought up as a boy in Protestantism, was a Catholic, fell into disgrace and was executed in July 1572 for having conspired against Queen Elizabeth I with intended to replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots and thus restore Catholicism to England. Norfolk's son, Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel was imprisoned in the Tower of London for his Catholicism in 1585, remaining there for over ten years until he fell ill with Dysentery and he died in October 1595.

Both the Dukedom and Earl Marshalship have been the subject of repeated attainders and restorations in the 15th to 17th centuries. Before Charles II restored the titles for good, the Howards had inherited the ancient title of Earl of Arundel through an heiress, and formed additional branches that have continued to this day.

A branch of the Howard family has been seated at Castle Howard, one of England's most magnificent country houses, for over 300 years.

In order of genealogical seniority:

the Barons Howard of Penrith descend from a younger brother of the 12th Duke;
the Earls of Suffolk and Berkshire descend from the 2nd son of the 4th Duke;
the Earls of Carlisle descend from the third son of the 4th Duke;
the Earls of Effingham descend from the fourth son of the 2nd Duke, who was Lord High Admiral and whose son was commander in chief against the Spanish Armada. (Curiously, this line was excluded from eligibility to inherit on the restoration of the Dukedom).

Howard family tree

Arms of the Howard family
See:  Gallery of Howard Arms

The Howard family's original arms were the white bend on red with the crosslets.  On marrying the heiress of the dukes of Norfolk, the first Howard duke of Norfolk quartered his arms with those of Thomas of Brotherton 1st Earl of Norfolk, son of King Edward I Longshanks as well as the Mowbray arms.  Starting with the 2nd Duke of Norfolk, the Howards added in the 3rd quarter the checkered blue and gold of the Warren Earls of Surrey, whom they became heirs of.  Philip Howard was deprived of the dukedom of Norfolk, which was under attainer, but inherited the earldom of Arundel.  His descendants used the gold lion on red of the Fitzalan Earls of Arundel in the 4th quarter.

Earl Marshal is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England (then, following the Act of Union 1800, in the United Kingdom).  It is the eighth of the Great Officers of State in the United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Constable and above the Lord High Admiral.  The Earl Marshal has responsibility for the organisation of State funerals and the monarch's coronation in Westminster Abbey. He is also a leading officer of arms.  The office is hereditary in the Howard Family in their position as Dukes of Norfolk, the senior dukedom in the United Kingdom.

Titles

Bibliography
 William Dugdale, Baronage of England (London, 1675–76);
 Collins, Peerage of England (fifth edition, London, 1779);
 Henry Howard, Memorials of the Howard Family (privately printed, 1834);
 Edmund Lodge, Portraits of Illustrious Personages (London, 1835); The Howard Papers, with a Biographical Pedigree and Criticism by Canston (London, 1862);
 Yeatman, The Early Genealogical History of the House of Arundel (London, 1882);
 Doyle, Official Baronage of England (London, 1886);
 Brenan and Statham, The House of Howard (London, 1907).

References

External links

 European Heraldry page
 http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/HOWARD1.htm

Noble families of the United Kingdom
History of Catholicism in England
Roman Catholic families
Political families of the United Kingdom
Catholicism in the United Kingdom
Glossop
Recusants

Howard family


Kimiko Itō (jap. , Itō Kimiko, auch: Kimiko Itoh; * 11. Juli 1946 auf Shōdoshima, Präfektur Kagawa) ist eine japanische Jazzsängerin.

Leben und Wirken
Kimiko Itō studierte zunächst Malerei an der Kunsthochschule Musashino, danach bei Yasushi Sawada. Sie begann ihre Karriere als Sängerin in den 1980er-Jahren und arbeitete u. a. mit Terumasa Hino und Makoto Ozone. Sie arbeitete sowohl in New York als auch in Tokio und trat 1997 im Duo mit Makoto Ozone auf dem Montreux Jazz Festival auf; der Mitschnitt erschien als Album. Das japanische Swing Journal zeichnete sie 2000 als beste Sängerin Japans aus. Itō trat 2012 mit Aki Takase und Nobuyoshi Ino im Rahmen der Pariser Ausstellung Jazz en Japon auf.

Diskographische Hinweise
 Birdland (Teichiku, 1982)
 Songs For You (Teichiku, 1983)
 The Way We Were (Teichiku, 1983)
 A Touch of Love (Epic Sony, 1986)
 For Lovers Only (Epic Sony, 1986)
 Follow Me (Epic Sony, 1988), mit Warren Bernhardt, Richard Tee, Eddie Gomez, Charles McCracken
 A Jazzy Wonderland (Columbia, 1990)
 A Natural Woman (Epic Sony, 1990)
 The Best of Kimiko Itoh (Epic Sony, 1991)
 Here I Am (VideoArts Music, 1992)
 Standards My Way (VideoArts Music, 1993)
 An Evening With Kimiko Itoh (VideoArts Music, 1994)
 Sophisticated Lady (VideoArts Music, 1995), mit Eddie Gomez, Steve Gadd, John Tropea, Michael Brecker
 the Montreux Festival (VideoArts Music, 1997), mit Makoto Ozone
 Kimiko (VideoArts Music, 2000)
 Once You've Been In Love (VideoArts Music, 2004)
 Best of Best: Selected by Kiyoshi Itoh (VideoArts Music, 2007)
 Jazzdaga? Jazzdaja! (VideoArts Music, 2009), mit Kappei Ina (Gesang)
 MakkanaOhirune (), mit Aki Takase (Piano), Nobuyoshi Ino (Bass)

Follow Me, ein Cover des zweiten Satzes von Joaquín Rodrigos Concierto de Aranjuez, erschien 2004 anlässlich seiner Verwendung als Hauptthema von Mamoru Oshiis Film Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence in einer Maxi-Single-Fassung bei VideoArt Music, die Platz 63 der japanischen Single-Charts erreichte und dort für 7 Wochen verblieb.

Quellen

Weblinks
 Webpräsenz (japanisch/englisch)
 Biografie (japanisch)

Jazz-Sänger
Musiker (Japan)
Japaner
Geboren 1946
Frau

Kimiko Itō


Charles Grey (d. 13 Mart 1764 - ö. 17 Temmuz 1845), Vikont Howick olarak da bilinen Britanyalı siyasetçi, 1830 ile 1834 yılları arasında Britanya başbakanı.

Köklü bir burjuva aileden geliyordu, Eton ve Trinty College'da okudu. 1786'da 22 yaşında parlamentoya seçildi. Charles James Fox, Richard Brinsley Sheridan ve IV. George gibi Whig siyasetçilerin çevresine katıldı, kısa sürede Whig partisinin önde gelen liderlerinden biri oldu. Katoliklere inanç özgürlüğü verilmesini ve parlamento reformu yapılmasını savundu. Devonshire Düşesi Georgiana Cavendish ile yaşadığı ilişkiden siyasi bir zarar görmemekle birlikte, düşesin eşinin az kalsın karısını boşamasına neden oluyordu.

1806'da Whig partisi lideri ve dışişleri bakanı oldu. İzleyen yıl hükûmet düştü, Grey vefat eden babasının yerine Lordlar Kamarası'na girdi ve burada 23 yıl süren uzun bir muhalefet dönemi geçirdi.

1830'da Whig partisi yeniden iktidara geldi ve Grey başbakan oldu. İktidarı döneminde önemli olaylar gerçekleşti. 1832'de Reform yasası kabul edilerek Avam Kamarası reformu yapıldı, 1833'te ise kölelik tüm Britanya İmparatorluğu topraklarında yasaklandı. Ancak yıllar geçtikçe Grey gitgide daha muhafazakâr bir çizgiye oturdu ve reformlar konusunda ihtiyatlı davranmaya başladı. 1834'te Grey siyasetten emekli oldu ve selefi olarak Lord Melbourne'u bıraktı.

Çeşitli
Earl Grey harmanı çay, adını 2. Earl Grey'den alır. Aslında "kont"a karşılık gelen bir İngiliz asalet unvanı olan "earl" kelimesi, Türk halkının bir kısmınca İngilizce "erken" anlamındaki "early" kelimesiyle karıştırıldı ve çayın adı "early grey" olarak da yaygınlaştı.

Newcastle kentinin merkezinde bir heykeli bulunur. Durham Üniversitesi'ni oluşturan kolejlerden biri, Grey College, adını 2. Earl Grey'den almıştır.

Kaynakça

1764 doğumlular
1845 yılında ölenler
Birleşik Krallık başbakanları
İngiliz muhafazakârlar
Büyük Britanya Parlamentosu üyeleri
Birleşik Krallık Parlamentosu üyeleri

Charles Grey


U sezoni 2004./05. drugi rang nogometnog prvestva Bosne i Hercegovine su činile Prva liga Federacije BiH i Prva liga Republike Srpske. Prvaci ovih liga ostvaruju plasman u Premijer ligu BiH.

Prva liga Federacije BiH

Prva liga Republike Srpske

Poveznice

Izvori
 rsssf.com, Bosna i Hercegovina 2004./05.
 sportsport.ba, 1. liga F BiH 2004./05.

2004-05
 2

Nogometno prvenstvo Bosne i Hercegovine – 2. ligaški rang 2004./05.


Der U-Bahnhof Florastraße ist eine Station der Linien 12 und 15 der Stadtbahn Köln, alle Linien werden betrieben von den Kölner Verkehrs-Betrieben. Er ist ein Durchgangsbahnhof im Nippeser Tunnel und wurde im Zuge der größten Bauanstrengung der Kölner U-Bahn im Jahr 1974 eröffnet: der Nippeser Tunnel zusammen mit der Gürtel-Hochbahn, der Zoo-Strecke und den Bereichen Hansaring / Breslauer Platz/Hauptbahnhof – Ebertplatz. Er verfügt über zwei Gleise. Werktags halten knapp 600 Züge fahrplanmäßig an dieser Station. Sie bietet Umstiegsmöglichkeiten zu Bussen auf der Straße.

Lage

Der U-Bahnhof liegt im Herzen des Stadtteils Nippes unter der Neusser Straße zwischen der Kreuzung Mauenheimer Straße/Florastraße und der Einmündung der Viersener Straße.
Die Neusser Straße führt linksrheinisch in nördliche Richtung aus der Stadt heraus, heute Bundesstraße 9 (B9). Sie ist nicht nur Hauptverkehrsader des Stadtteils Nippes, sondern auch die wichtigste Einkaufsstraße und kulturelle Begegnungsstätte im Viertel. Die Florastraße führt von dort aus zur Kölner Flora.

Der Nippeser Tunnel ist linksrheinisch die meistgenutzte Ausfallstrecke der Kölner Stadtbahn. Neben den Linien 12 und 15 wird sie täglich auch für Einsatzzüge zu den Ford-Werken genutzt, sowie für Fahrten zum Straßenbahnausbesserungswerk Weidenpesch.

Geschichte

Die Station mit ihrem U-Bahn-Tunnel wurde 1974 erstellt und eröffnet. Zuvor wurde die jetzt unterirdisch befahrene Strecke vom Ebertplatz Richtung Weidenpesch schon seit 1882 als Straßenbahnlinie betrieben, das Straßenbahnausbesserungswerk gab der Strecke auch schon seit etwa 1930 eine linienübergreifende Bedeutung. Das ist auch bis heute unverändert, da bei der Kölner Stadtbahn technisch kein Unterschied gemacht wird zwischen den Fahrzeugen, die im U-Bahn-Bereich fahren und denen die im Straßenbahn-Bereich fahren. Sämtliche Fahrzeuge der KVB müssen ins Straßenbahnausbesserungswerk in Weidenpesch.
Vor einigen Jahren hat die Station auf beiden Bahnsteigen Aufzüge erhalten, die einen barrierefreien Ein- und Ausstieg zur Straßenebene der Neusser Straße ermöglichen.

Architektur

Der U-Bahnhof ist als Durchgangsbahnhof im Nippeser Tunnel mit zwei Stockwerken konzipiert.
Im oberen unterirdischen Stockwerk sind an den beiden Ausgängen im Norden wie im Süden der Bahnsteige Verteilerebenen errichtet, in denen sich Informationsstellen und Kioske befinden. Zweck der Verteilerebenen ist es, dem Fahrgast die Wahl des Richtungsbahnsteigs zu ermöglichen, unabhängig von welcher Straßenseite er kommt.
Als zweites unterirdisches Stockwerk sind die Bahnsteige des Nippeser Tunnels angelegt, an diesen halten die Züge der Linien 12 und 15 der Stadtbahn Köln an zwei Seitenbahnsteigen. Diese sind mit 90 m Länge für Dreifachtraktion gedacht und bestehen vollständig aus den ursprünglichen 35 cm-Niederflurbahnsteigen. Die Bahnsteige sind bis auf den Einbau der Aufzüge bis heute fast unverändert geblieben, die Wände sind im Stil der 1970er-Jahre grau gekachelt. Es bestehen Rolltreppen zwischen Verteilerebenen, Bahnsteigen und der Straße.

Schwachpunkte der Station

 Die Stationen des Nippeser Tunnels sind in für Kölner Verhältnisse großem Abstand zueinander gebaut, was für die Anwohner und andere Fahrgäste teils relativ lange Fußwege bedeutet. Dies wird der hohen Bebauungsdichte des Stadtteils Nippes eigentlich nicht gerecht.
 Seit der Trennung des Kölner Stadtbahn-Netzes in Hochflur- und Niederflur-Linien 2003 gibt es von dieser vielgenutzten Station aus keine direkte Verbindung mehr zum U-Bahnhof Dom/Hauptbahnhof oder zu den anderen Stationen des Kölner Innenstadttunnels, obwohl die Fahrgastströme eigentlich genau diese Verbindung erfordern.
 Wegen jahrzehntelangen Betriebs mit klassischen Straßenbahn-Fahrzeugen waren die Bahnsteige ursprünglich alle als Niederflurbahnsteige angelegt, jedoch mit Vorleistung zum späteren Ausbau auf Hochflur-Niveau. Die Rolltreppen zum Bahnsteig enden daher bei einer Höhe von 90 cm und schließen über eine Rampe zum eigentlichen Bahnsteig hinab an. Die festen Treppen dagegen schließen korrekt an den Bahnsteig an.

Linien

Die Linie 12 verkehrt werktags alle 10 Minuten. Auf der etwa 17 km langen Strecke, die mit einer durchschnittlichen Geschwindigkeit von ca. 23 km/h befahren wird, befinden sich 27 Haltestellen, davon sind acht U-Bahnhöfe. Die Linie verkehrt teilweise nur ab/bis Niehl.

Die Linie 15 verkehrt werktags alle 10 Minuten, zu Spitzenzeiten von/bis Longerich alle 5 Minuten. Auf der etwa 15 km langen Strecke, die mit einer durchschnittlichen Geschwindigkeit von ca. 24 km/h befahren wird, befinden sich 23 Haltestellen, davon sind zehn U-Bahnhöfe.

Weblinks

 Informationen über die U-Bahn-Station von der KVB

Florastraße
Florastraße
Nippes (Köln)
Erbaut in den 1970er Jahren
Florastrasse

U-Bahnhof Florastraße (Köln)