Tabelbala (, , Korandje: tsawərbəts) is a town and commune between Béchar and Tindouf in south-western Algeria, and is the capital, and only significant settlement, of the Daïra of the same name, encompassing most of the western half of Béni Abbès Province (part of Bechar Province until 2019). As of the 2008 census, its population was 5,121, up from 4,663 in 1998, with an annual growth rate of 1.0%. The commune covers an area of , making it by far the largest commune in the province, as well as the least densely populated.

Tabelbala is notable for being the only town in Algeria to speak a language neither Arabic nor Berber, namely Korandje, which is spoken by about 3,000 people. Most of the rest of the population are descendants of twentieth-century immigrants to the oasis.

History

From at least the 13th to the 19th century, Tabelbala was a stop on the caravan routes linking southern Morocco (notably Sijilmasa) to the Sahel, in particular Timbuktu.

Geography

The oasis occupies a band of land between a stone mountain to the south and a large sand dune field, the Erg Er Raoui, to the north.  The water table of the latter is relatively high, making irrigation agriculture possible.  The foggara system was traditionally used, but has been in decline since the early twentieth century.

Climate

Tabelbala has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with extremely hot summers and mild winters, and very little precipitation throughout the year.

Localities

Tabelbala town is divided into four settlements.  The administrative and commercial centre, "le Village" or "le Quartier", officially Haï El Wasat (), also simply known as "Tabelbala" itself, is a relatively recent settlement which first grew up around the French fort in the colonial period.  It is flanked by three older villages, or ksars: Cheraïa (, Ifrenyu in Korandje) to the west, Zaouia Sidi Zekri (, Kwara) and the tiny hamlet of Makhlouf (, Yami) to the east.

The commune is formally composed of seven localities:

Tabelbala
Cheraïa
Zaouia Sidi Zekri
Makhlouf
Zeraïb
Boutbiga
Hassi Kharet

Economy

Agriculture is the main industry in Tabelbala. The commune has a total of  of arable land, of which  is irrigated. There are a total of 139,183 date palms planted in the commune. As of 2009 there were 3,549 sheep, 9,949 goats, and 4,810 camels. There were also 138000 chickens.

Infrastructure and housing

97% of Tabelbala's population are connected to drinking water, 100% are connected to the sewerage system, and 99% (including 2,527 buildings) have access to electricity. The city has a 3,048 kW power plant. There is one fuel service station in the town.

Tabelbala has a total of 1,083 houses, of which 625 are occupied, giving an occupation rate of 8.2 inhabitants per occupied building, the third highest in the province after Ouled Khoudir and Timoudi.

Culture

Much of the Korandje-speaking population of Ifrenyu claims descent from the Ait Isfoul sub-branch of the Ait Atta Berber confederation; there are also a few Tamazight-speaking families from the Ait Khebbach, another Ait Atta sub-group.

According to oral tradition in both places, the founders of Melouka, near Adrar, Algeria, were emigrants who escaped Tabelbala when one of its ksars was destroyed by Arab nomads, variously named as the Rehamna or Ghenanma, for non-payment of tribute.  The Idaw Ali of Mauritania also claim to have lived in Tabelbala at an early period.

Religion

A number of reputed walis (saints) are buried in Tabelbala.  In the main cemetery of Zaouia Sidi Zekri, imamaden, these include Sidi Zekri (the village's namesake), Sidi Larbi and Sidi Brahim (each said to be the ancestor of a family found there today), and a group of seven unnamed men, the seb`atu rijal (), as well as the sixteenth-century Islamic scholar Sidi Makhluf al-Balbali, who is also memorialised in a cenotaph in the hamlet named after him, Makhlouf.

Tabelbala has 4 operational mosques, with another 2 under construction.

Transportation

Tabelbala's only significant transport link to the outside world is a paved road connecting it to the main Bechar-Tindouf highway some seventy kilometres away. Tabelbala is  from the provincial capital, Béchar.

There is a total length of  of roads in the commune.

Education

There are 5 elementary schools, with 37 classrooms including 24 in use. There are a total of 1,104 school students.

5.1% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 18.0% has competed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 75.0%, and is 81.9% among males and 68.2% among females.

Health

Tabelbala has one polyclinic and 3 room care facilities. The nearest hospital is in Méchraâ Houari Boumédienne.

Notable people
 Makhluf al-Balbali, jurist

References

Neighbouring towns and cities

Communes of Béchar Province
Ksars
Oases of Algeria
Cities in Algeria

Tabelbala


An Scirpus maximowiczii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Charles Baron Clarke. An Scirpus maximowiczii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Scirpus, ngan familia nga Cyperaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Scirpus

Scirpus maximowiczii


The Government Employees Insurance Company (GEICO ) is a private American auto insurance company with headquarters in Chevy Chase, Maryland. It is the second largest auto insurer in the United States, after State Farm. GEICO is a wholly owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway that provides coverage for more than 24 million motor vehicles owned by more than 15 million policy holders as of 2017. GEICO writes private passenger automobile insurance in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. The insurance agency sells policies through local agents, called GEICO Field Representatives, over the phone directly to the consumer via licensed insurance agents, and through their website. Its mascot is a gold dust day gecko with a Cockney accent, voiced by English actor Jake Wood. GEICO is well known in popular culture for its advertising, having made numerous commercials intended to entertain viewers.

Despite the presence of the word "government" in its name, GEICO has always been a private corporation and not a government agency or a government-owned corporation. Leo Goodwin Sr. and his wife Lillian Goodwin originally founded the company in 1936 to sell auto insurance to federal government employees.

GEICO also offers property insurance, as well as umbrella coverage which GEICO sells, but the risk on the policies are transferred to third party companies. GEICO manages the policies as the "insurance agent" and has a separate customer care team that handles the property and umbrella policies.

History
GEICO was founded in 1936 by Leo Goodwin Sr. and his wife Lillian Goodwin to provide auto insurance directly to federal government employees and their families. Since 1925, Goodwin had worked for USAA, an insurer that specialized in insuring only military personnel. He decided to start his own company after rising as far as a civilian could go in USAA's military-dominated hierarchy. The Goodwins funded the creation of GEICO with $25,000 of their own money and $75,000 from Fort Worth, Texas-based banker Cleaves Rhea, with legal assistance from future GEICO CEO Lorimer Davidson. Based on Goodwin's experience at USAA, GEICO's original business model was predicated on the assumption that federal employees, as a group, would constitute a less risky and more financially stable pool of insureds compared to the general public.

In 1937, the Goodwins relocated GEICO from San Antonio, Texas, to Washington, D.C., and reincorporated the company as a D.C. corporation after realizing that their business model would work best in the place with the highest concentration of federal employees.

In 1948, the Rhea family sold its 75% stake of GEICO to a coalition of investors, which was led by Benjamin Graham's Graham-Newman Partnership taking 50% (worth $712,000 at the time); this sale accidentally violated a SEC regulation, which forced Graham-Newman to divest a portion of their holdings in 1949, resulting in GEICO becoming a publicly traded company at ~$27/sh. Graham-Newman's investment in GEICO eventually resulted in a position worth $400 million by 1972, which was by far Graham-Newman's best investment and outperformed the rest of their portfolio combined.

In 1951, Warren Buffett, then a Columbia University graduate student under Benjamin Graham, interviewed Lorimer Davidson (then a VP) and named GEICO "The Security I Like Best." From 1948 to 1958, GEICO's market capitalization grew almost 50 times.

In 1958, Goodwin retired and was succeeded by Lorimer Davidson, who grew the company's insurance premiums at a compound rate of 16% annually from $40 million to $250 million over his tenure. Davidson retired and was replaced in 1970 by Ralph Peck (President and COO) and David Lloyd Kreeger (Chairman and CEO), who had been one of the other investors in 1948.

In 1974 under Kreeger's leadership, GEICO began to insure the general public after real-time access to computerized driving records became available throughout the United States. At this time, GEICO was briefly the fifth-largest U.S. auto insurer. By 1975, it was clear that GEICO had expanded far too rapidly (during the 1973–75 recession) when it reported a US$126.5 million loss. Kreeger retired in 1975, although he continued in his role as chairman of the executive committee until 1979 when he was named honorary chairman, and Peck left in 1976 after GEICO's share price had fallen from $42 to $5. To prevent GEICO from collapsing, a consortium of 45 insurance companies agreed to take over a quarter of its policies, and it was forced to issue a stock offering, thus diluting existing stockholders, to raise money to pay claims.  It took five years – during which the company shrank significantly – and a massive reorganization led by John J. Byrne and supported substantially by Buffett, to set GEICO on the path to recovery. Alvin E. Krause, retired from GEICO, was given carte blanche by the directors to help bring about a wholesale reorganization of GEICO's underwriting operations – including promotions and dismissals. He helped nurse the insurance firm back to financial health. He was a director of the GEICO Corp. from 1978 to 1983, and was an honorary director at the time of his death. He was chairman of Criterion from 1978 to 1981. Having been with GEICO since 1938.

GEICO generally deals directly with consumers via telephone and internet; however, the local agent program has more than 300 independent offices across the United States. GEICO is now the second-largest writer of private auto insurance in the country.

In 2015, GEICO began offering coverage for drivers of ridesharing companies in select states, including in high-population states such as Texas, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Georgia. The policy, which is issued through GEICO's commercial department, has received praise from insurance experts and quickly launched GEICO as the largest insurance provider for ridesharing company drivers.

In 2016, J.D. Power rated the company #20 out of 24 for overall purchase experience, with a 2/5 score.

In April 2021 a data breach was reported to have exposed customers' driver's license numbers through GEICO's online sales application for over a month.

Advertising campaigns
GEICO has many well-known ad campaigns. In 2012 GEICO spent over US$1.1 billion in advertising, or 6.8% of its revenue. All campaigns are made and produced by The Martin Agency in Richmond, Virginia. GEICO ads have featured several well-known mascots, including:
 Martin the GEICO Gecko is their most well known spokesperson mascot. He is voiced by English actor Jake Wood.
 The GEICO Cavemen (from ads claiming using their website is "so easy, a caveman could do it").
 Maxwell, the GEICO "Piggy" who shouts a long "Whee" and appears in more radio and TV commercials.
 Actor Mike McGlone, who uses film noir-style narration to compare the ease of GEICO to things, famous people, or idioms. ("Could switching to GEICO really save you 15% or more on car insurance?...Is having a snowball fight with pitching great Randy Johnson a bad idea?") The scene is then acted out, with typically humorous results, similar to its "Did You Know" commercials. In addition to Johnson, other ads have included Charlie Daniels, Andrés Cantor, Foghorn Leghorn, Elmer Fudd, R. Lee Ermey, and Ed "Too Tall" Jones among others. This campaign is also notable for the creation of the "Maxwell the Pig" commercials (see above).
 The "money savers" campaign enlisted actors to portray average consumers who have resorted to various humorous extremes in order to save money, such as teaching a dog to sing or teaching a group of Guinea pigs to row a boat and perform some mundane task for the consumer, and then presented switching to GEICO as an easy alternative to such endeavors with the common line ".... there's an easier way to save money."
 The "Happier Than...." duo features Jimmy (actor Timothy Ryan Cole) and Ronnie (musician Alex Harvey) playing a guitar and a mandolin, respectively, on a small portable stage.  They comment on a fictitious preceding event, such as a man dressed in 15th-century attire laughing as he leads a trio of speed boats with the painted names Niña, Pinta, and Santa Maria.  After cutting to the duo, one says to the other, "You know, folks who save hundreds of dollars by switching to GEICO sure are happy."  The other then replied, "How happy are they, (Jimmy/Ronnie)?" and in the case above, the response is "Happier than Christopher Columbus with speedboats!" This series is known for its viral "Hump Day" ad, showing a camel in an office.
 Kash, the stack of cash that represents the money insurance customers could have saved by switching to GEICO.

There are also GEICO ads that feature stories from GEICO customers about situations in which the company assisted them, but are translated by celebrities like Little Richard and Joan Rivers. Film trailer announcer Don LaFontaine appeared in one such ad, shortly before his death. The tag announcer for these spots was D. C. Douglas.  GEICO is also an official sponsor of the National Hockey League and themed commercials that always feature members of the hometown Washington Capitals.

Motorsports

GEICO has long been involved in motorsports sponsorship. Since 2008, the company has sponsored the Germain Racing team, first in the NASCAR Nationwide Series with Mike Wallace, and later in the NASCAR Cup Series with Max Papis and Casey Mears. Ty Dillon, grandson of racing legend Richard Childress, began driving the No. 13 GEICO Chevrolet in the 2017 season. In 2020, GEICO became a premier partner of the Cup Series, sharing title sponsorship rights with Busch Beer, Coca-Cola, and Xfinity. Germain and GEICO split at the end of 2020, but the spring NCS race at Talladega is still sponsored by them.

GEICO also has presence in the PPL (Pro Pulling League) sponsoring Joe Eder and his Super Modified pulling tractor.

Lawsuits

In October 2015, the Consumer Federation of California successfully sued the company for US$6 million after alleged discrimination based on occupation, education level, and other personal characteristics.

In October 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the 11th Circuit upheld a verdict against the company for over US$700,000 in a breach of contract suit.

In November 2015, a jury in Miami awarded a family US$14.5 million after suing the company for insurance bad faith.

In December 2016, a federal Miami jury awarded US$2.7 million to a family who sued the company, claiming the company acted in bad faith.

In May 2019, the California Court of Appeal for the Second District affirmed a US$1 million judgment for punitive damages in an insurance bad faith action against GEICO (specifically, bad faith refusal to settle).  This was in addition to an award of $313,000 in compensatory damages (which GEICO had not challenged on appeal).

In June 2022, a Missouri woman was awarded US$5.2 million after she sued the company, alleging that she had contracted an sexually transmitted disease through having sex in a car insured by GEICO.  In January 2023, the Supreme Court of Missouri unanimously overturned the judgment and remanded the case for further proceedings because the lower courts had not given GEICO an adequate opportunity to intervene in the case to protect its interests.

See also
 List of United States insurance companies

References

External links

1996 mergers and acquisitions
Insurance companies of the United States
Financial services companies based in Maryland
Companies based in Chevy Chase, Maryland
American companies established in 1936
Financial services companies established in 1936
1936 establishments in Texas
Berkshire Hathaway
Auto insurance in the United States

GEICO


Abdel-Hakim Abdallah, né le  à Troyes, est un footballeur international comorien qui occupe le poste de défenseur gauche au Rodez Aveyron Football.

Biographie

Le 25 octobre 2019, il dispute son premier match de Ligue 2 à l'occasion de la 12e journée de championnat contre Auxerre.

Le 21 septembre 2021, il inscrit son premier but avec le GF 38 contre Nancy, match comptant pour la 9e journée de Ligue 2.

Statistiques

Références

Liens externes

Footballeur international comorien
Footballeur français
Naissance en août 1997
Naissance à Troyes
Joueur de l'ES Troyes AC
Joueur du Tours Football Club
Joueur du Grenoble Foot 38
Joueur du Rodez AF

Abdel-Hakim Abdallah


Christian Escuredo Núñez (El Barco de Valdeorras, Orense, 29 de enero) es un actor y cantante español.

Biografía
Diplomado en Educación musical (Universidad de Valladolid), licenciado en Interpretación textual (Escuela Superior de Arte dramático de Galicia) y posgraduado en Pedagogía teatral (Universidad de Vigo). Continúa su formación con Juan Carlos Corazza, Eric Morris, Dora Baret y Matías Gandolfo, Bob McAndrew, W. Stanievski, Lorena García, Carmen Portacelli, Andrés Lima... y creación escénica con Marta Pazos, Pablo Messiez, Marta Carrasco, Marco Layera o Jorge H. Marín. Realiza cursos de danza para actores con Arnold Taraborelli, jazz con Coco Comin, Carlos Alves y Luis Santamaría, claqué con Evangelina Estévez y danza contemporánea con Noelia Rua, Armando Martén y Guillermo Weickert. Formado en canto con el Estill Voice Training System impartido por Helen Rowson, Paul Furrington, Mamen Márquez y Jose Masegosa.

Trayectoria

Cantante
Se hizo popular gracias a su participación como cantante en diferentes programas de la Televisión de Galicia. A partir de ahí, saca a la luz dos trabajos discográficos:

Cautivo (2009), con Quela Records.
Inesperadamente (2004), con Zouma Records (galardonado como disco de oro gallego).

Actor
Comenzó muy joven haciendo teatro con Olga Margallo ("Viva el teatro"), y posteriormente con Teatro do Noroeste (Romeo y Julieta, "Glass City") y el Centro Dramático ("As Dunas"), además de numerosas producciones de teatro musical, como Ghost (Ciudad de México), "33, el Musical" (nominado como Actor Protagonista en los Premios del Teatro Musical y Mejor Actor Principal en los Premios Broadway World, "Priscilla, Reina del desierto"  (Actor Revelación en los VIII Premios del Teatro Musical y Mejor Actor Principal por los Premios Broadway World Spain 2015), "Sonrisas y lágrimas", "Erase una vez", "Glass City"… y en otras producciones de danza como "Kiss" y "Artes no camiño".

Su filmografía comprende los siguientes trabajos:

Películas
 El silencio de los objetos (2015). Dirigida por Iván Rojas.
 Assalto ao Santa María (2008). Dirigida por Francisco Manso.

Series de televisión
 Cuba Llibre' (2022). RTP.
 Chegar a casa' (2021). RTP.
 Malo será (2018). Televisión de Galicia.
 Pazo de Familia (2018). Televisión de Galicia.
 Vivir sin permiso (2017). Telecinco/Netflix.
 Fariña (2017). Antena 3/Netflix.
 A pesar de todo, quérote (2011). Dirigida por Jorge Algora para Televisión de Galicia.
 Eduardo Barreiros (2010). Dirigida por Simón Casal de Miguel para Televisión de Galicia.
 Reliquias (2009). Dirigida por Antón López para Televisión de Galicia.
 Libro de familia (2010). Televisión de Galicia.
 Para mariñeiros nós (2009). V Television

Premios
 Actor Revelación en los VIII Premios del Teatro Musical, por su papel de Adam/Felicia, en Priscilla, Reina del Desierto.
 Mejor Actor Principal en los Broadway World Spain 2015 Awards, por su papel de Adam/Felicia, en Priscilla, Reina del Desierto.

Enlaces externos
Priscilla, El Musical
33, El Musical

Actores de Galicia
Actores de teatro de España
Cantantes de Galicia
Nacidos en El Barco de Valdeorras

Christian Escuredo


William Thomson Hay  (6 December 1888 – 18 April 1949) was an English comedian who wrote and acted in a schoolmaster sketch that later transferred to the screen, where he also played other authority figures with comic failings. His film Oh, Mr. Porter! (1937), made by Gainsborough Pictures, is often cited as the supreme British-produced film-comedy, and in 1938 he was the third highest-grossing star in the UK. Many comedians have acknowledged him as a major influence. Hay was also a keen amateur astronomer.

Early life
Hay was born at 23 Durham Street in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham. He was one of two sons and three daughters of William Robert Hay (1851–1920) and his wife, Elizabeth (1859–1910) (née Ebden). When Will Hay Jr. was less than a year old the family moved to Lowestoft in Suffolk. By his late teens, Hay had become fluent in Italian, French and German and secured employment as an interpreter.

Career

Early career
Hay decided to become an actor when he was 21 after watching W. C. Fields perform a juggling act in Manchester. In the early years of the twentieth century Hay experienced some moderate success as a stand-up comedian and an after-dinner speaker. Hay's first professional job came when he was offered a contract to perform at a theatre in Belper. In 1914 Hay began working with the impresario Fred Karno who had previously helped Stan Laurel and Charlie Chaplin achieve success. He worked with Karno for four years. He first performed his schoolmaster character in 1910 which he based upon a colleague of his sister, who was a teaching mistress. The characterisation was initially performed in drag as a schoolmistress, but he transferred the character to a headmaster.

The acts in which Hay performed the schoolmaster sketch became known as "The Fourth Form at St. Michael's". Hay toured with the act and appeared in the United States, Canada, Australia and South Africa (where he added Afrikaans to his languages). His wife, Gladys, often played a schoolboy or the character Harbottle in his sketches. The Harbottle character was one of the most appreciated in Hay's act, a dim-witted, nearly deaf old man who is still in school because he's so backward. The character later featured in Hay's films portrayed by Moore Marriott. In a 1976 interview, Val Guest, who served as a screenwriter for many of Hay's films, recalled transposing Harbottle from school into other everyday situations. He famously performed the schoolmaster routine at the 1925 Royal Command Performance before King George V and Queen Mary.

Hay published a magazine piece entitled Philosophy of Laughter, in which he discussed the psychology of comedy. In the essay he rhetorically asks, "Why does every one of us laugh at seeing somebody else slapped in the face with a large piece of cold custard pie? Is it because we're all naturally cruel? Or is it because there's something inherently funny in custard pies? Or in faces? Or in throwing things? No, no, and no! The real reason why we laugh is because we are relieved. Because we are released from a sense of fear. Wherever we may happen to be – in the cinema, theatre, or music-hall – we tend to identify with the actors we are watching. So that when a custard pie is thrown we fear for a moment that it has been thrown at us. And then, immediately we realise that it hasn't hit us, we experience a feeling of relief, and we laugh".

From 1934 to 1943, he was a prolific film star in Britain and was ranked the third highest grossing star at the British box office in 1938, behind George Formby and Gracie Fields. He is widely regarded as one of the most prolific and influential British comedians of all time.

Hay worked with Gainsborough Pictures from 1935 to 1940, during which time he developed a partnership with Graham Moffatt, playing an insolent overweight schoolboy, and Moore Marriott as a toothless old man. Hay's 1937 film, with Moffatt and Marriott, Oh, Mr. Porter! was credited by The Times as being "a comic masterpiece of the British cinema", while the writer Jimmy Perry cited the film as an influence on key character development for Dad's Army.

Hay often portrayed incompetent authority figures who attempt to conceal their incompetence but whose true traits are gradually exposed. As well as being incompetent, his characters are often immoral; for example, a clergyman involved in horse betting in Dandy Dick, a fraudster who lies about his career as a distinguished sea captain in Windbag the Sailor, and a prison warden, Dr Benjamin Twist, in Convict 99, who obtains his job under false pretences. He is often compared to W. C. Fields, who typically portrayed characters similar to those of Hay, being misanthropic, self-centered scoundrels who nevertheless remain sympathetic.

Elstree Studios
Hay had become interested in film making while touring in the United States in the 1920s, although, at the time he doubted he had a future in this field. Having returned to Britain, Hay started work at Elstree Studios in 1934 where he made three films, Those Were the Days, Radio Parade of 1935 and Dandy Dick.

Gainsborough Pictures
Hay's work at Gainsborough was his most successful, and source of his reputation as a great comic actor. During this period he became one of the most prolific film stars in Britain. On three occasions, British film exhibitors voted him among the top ten box office stars in an annual poll run by the Motion Picture Herald. He was ranked 8th in 1936, 4th in 1937 and 3rd in 1938.

His first film for the studio was Boys Will Be Boys, whose screenplay was written by Hay himself. The movie's satire on the public school system was loosely based on the Narkover vein of humour in the work of Daily Express columnist, Beachcomber. Hay's film was widely seen as subversive towards authority, and it was granted an 'A' (adult) certificate by the British Board of Film Classification. Boys Will Be Boys is widely regarded as Hay's break-out film. Writing for The Spectator, Graham Greene described the film as "very amusing", and Hay's portrayal of Dr. Smart as "competent", though Green thought Claude Dampier's portrayal of Second Master Finch (Hay's adversary) was the film's "finest performance". Many years later, the Radio Times Guide to Films gave Boys Will Be Boys three stars out of five, observing that the film contains "the blend of bluster and dishonesty that makes his films irresistible".

During his time with Gainsborough Hay worked with Marcel Varnel, Val Guest, Charles Hawtrey, and Marriott Edgar, as well as Moore Marriott and Graham Moffatt, who were Hay's straight men in a number of his films. Moffatt played Albert, the overweight, insolent schoolboy reminiscent of Billy Bunter, while Marriott was the toothless old Harbottle. The trio appeared in six films together between 1936 and 1940, Windbag the Sailor, Oh, Mr. Porter!, Convict 99, Old Bones of the River, Ask a Policeman and Where's That Fire?.

Hay's 1937 film alongside Moffatt and Marriott, Oh, Mr. Porter! is often considered to be one of the greatest British comedy films of all-time. The British Film Institute included the film in its 360 Classic Feature Films list; Variety magazine described the movie as "amusing, if over-long", noting that there was "no love interest to mar the comedy"; and the cult website TV Cream listed it at number 41 in its list of cinema's Top 100 Films. The director Marcel Varnel considered the film as among his best work, and it was described in 2006, by The Times in its obituary for writer Val Guest, as "a comic masterpiece of the British cinema". Jimmy Perry, in his autobiography, wrote that the triumvirate of Captain Mainwaring, Corporal Jones and Private Pike in Dad's Army was inspired by watching Oh, Mr Porter.

Both Moffatt and Marriott were absent from Hay's 1938 film, Hey! Hey! USA with American comedy actor Edgar Kennedy being cast as Hay's sidekick instead; the film was a somewhat unsuccessful attempt to crack the American market. In his Gainsborough films, Hay wore a wig, which made it appear as if he was balding.

Hay decided to break up the partnership with Moffatt and Marriott after their 1940 film Where's That Fire? due to his concern that their act was becoming repetitive. He was known to dislike working with the pair, describing their partnership as "a three legged stool". He had also expressed concern that Moore Marriott, who portrayed Harbottle, received a bigger reaction from audiences than he did. He had been seeking to break up their partnership in previous years, and it was only due to his film Hey! Hey! USA being somewhat unsuccessful that the writers and producers successfully talked him into bringing Moffatt and Marriott back.

Ealing Studios
Hay left Gainsborough and began working with Ealing Studios in 1940, in an attempt to break up his partnership with Moffatt and Marriott.  Claude Hulbert and Charles Hawtrey were Hay's sidekicks in his first film for Ealing, The Ghost of St. Michael's (1941). Both would return to act with Hay in subsequent films - Hawtrey in The Goose Steps Out (1942) and Hulbert in Hay's final film, My Learned Friend (1943). John Mills, who had appeared in Hay's first film, Those Were the Days returned to act as his sidekick in The Black Sheep of Whitehall. The Goose Steps Out (1942) for Ealing was an effective piece of anti-Nazi slapstick. In the film, Hay acts as a British spy posing as a Nazi agent and teaches Nazi students about British customs. When lecturing them on this topic, he tells the students that the V sign (often used in Britain as an insult) is a mark of respect, and instructs the class to make a synchronised V sign to a portrait of Adolf Hitler. This scene is often considered one of the most iconic from a British comedy film.

During Hay's tenure with Ealing he was credited as a director in three of his films, The Black Sheep of Whitehall, The Goose Steps Out and My Learned Friend. In all three, he co-directed with Basil Dearden. In 1942, he starred in a short information film, Go to Blazes alongside Thora Hird and Muriel George. The film was set during the Blitz and his role was a dim-witted father who tried unsuccessfully to defuse a bomb which had landed near his house, the bomb is only defused through the help of his daughter, portrayed by Hird. Also in 1942, he made an appearance in the propaganda film, The Big Blockade among other prolific actors of the time, including Leslie Banks, John Mills and Michael Redgrave.

His final film, My Learned Friend in 1943 has been described as a masterpiece of black comedy and has been cited as paving the way for the future Ealing comedy films Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949) and The Ladykillers (1955). Due to ailing health, My Learned Friend was Hay's final film.

Hay was scheduled to star in another film for Ealing in 1943, Bob's Your Uncle, but his diagnosis of cancer prevented him from proceeding.

Hay's tenure with Ealing was a box office success and his films were critically acclaimed, but have been described as not at the level of his Gainsborough films with Moffatt and Marriott.

Radio career
The half-hour weekly Will Hay Programme began in August 1944, and was broadcast live from the BBC Paris Theatre in Lower Regent Street. With him in his schoolmaster role, were his pupils, Charles Hawtrey playing the cheeky Smart, John Clark as the class swot D'arcy Minor, and Billy Nicholls playing the dumb Beckett. The series lasted for four months and was cancelled, it is said, due to Hay's dispute with the BBC over the quality of the scripts. Just before Christmas, the show went live at the Victoria Palace for six weeks. The sketch was performed one more time at a gathering of variety entertainers at midnight on 4 May 1945 (4 days before VE Day) before the Royal Family and many military notables. This was at a private function at the Life Guards barracks in Windsor. It was not publicised in the newspapers due to security concerns. Hay's character during his radio series was called Dr. Muffin, a name chosen so that the students could mock him with the name "Old Crumpet".

Astronomy
In June 1932 he joined the British Astronomical Association, in November of the same year he became a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. He is noted for having discovered a Great White Spot on the planet Saturn in 1933.

Hay kept his career in astronomy separate from his comedy career and published Through My Telescope under the name of W.T. Hay, using the same title when giving lectures on astronomy. Hay was an advocate for education on astronomy and considered those who had an interest in astronomy "the only men who see life in its true proportion". In a 1933 interview with the Daily Mail he stated "If we were all astronomers, there'd be no more war." He was a friend of William Herbert Steavenson, who would go on to become the President of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1957.

Just before Hay died, a few items of his equipment were donated to the British Astronomical Association.

He also has an asteroid named in his honour - Asteroid 3125 Hay.

Personal life
In 1907 Hay married Gladys Perkins (1889–1982), whom he had known since he was 15,. They legally separated on 18 November 1935. However, they never divorced and Gladys cited the reason for this was that she was a Roman Catholic. They had two daughters and a son: Gladys Elspeth Hay (1909–1979), William Edward Hay (1913–1995) and Joan A. Hay (1917–1975). Following his separation from Gladys in 1935, he was in a long-term relationship with Randi Kopstadt, a native of Norway.

Off-screen, Hay was described as being something of an eccentric, and a very serious and private man, and some thought he may have had a dark side due to his demeanour. Peter Ustinov, who made his film debut in The Goose Steps Out as a straight man to Hay, said in a 1990 interview when asked about working with him "Well, Will Hay wasn't very funny but I found that very few comics are"; he also said "And Will Hay was always wrapped in a blanket at certain hours and had his tea, and we all stopped talking while he was having his tea, and then we went on shooting. I don't remember him saying anything memorable, nothing I could remember at all. He was very funny when you saw him on the screen, but in life all those people are very, very strange."

He was known to be a hypochondriac, and would often complain of illness to his colleagues when working.

Hay was a passionate aviator, and gave flying lessons to Amy Johnson.

In 1946 while on holiday, Hay suffered a stroke which left the right side of his body crippled and also affected his speech. He was told by his doctors that he would in all likelihood only make a partial recovery. Following his stroke, he spent time in South Africa on the advice of his doctors, because of the climate. His health had improved slightly by the following year, when he had plans to become a film producer but, in 1947, his friend Marcel Varnel, who had directed many of Hay's films, died in a car accident, and Hay postponed his plans.

Death
He made his last public appearance on Good Friday (15 April) 1949. Hay died at the age of 60 on 18 April 1949 after suffering a stroke at his flat in Chelsea, London. His body was buried in Streatham Park Cemetery in London. Those who were present at Hay's final appearance described him as showing no sign of illness, and said he had discussed his plans for the future.

Influences
Comedians who have cited Hay as an influence include Ken Dodd, Eric Morecambe, Tommy Cooper, Harry Worth, Harry Enfield, Jimmy Perry and David Croft. Ronnie Barker also cited Hay as an influence, and in 1976 hosted a documentary on BBC Radio that discussed Hay's life and career.

Legacy

'The Will Hay Appreciation Society' was founded in 2009 by British artist Tom Marshall and aims to preserve Hay's legacy and bring his work to a new generation of fans. As of October 2023, the organisation has over 8000 members.  The Will Hay Appreciation Society unveiled a memorial bench to Will Hay, Moore Marriott and Graham Moffatt in October 2018, in Cliddesden, Hampshire, the filming location for 'Buggleskelly' in Oh, Mr. Porter!. The bench was unveiled by Pete Waterman.

The humour of Hay's films has been described as subversive and similar to that of fellow English comedian Frank Randle. His films are often characterised as exhibiting traits of anti-authoritarianism and having a satirical approach towards how authority figures are portrayed. This is notable with Hay himself, who often played an incompetent authority figure who struggled not to be found out, but whose idiocy was discovered by those around him.

In 2009 a biography of Hay by Graham Rinaldi was published with a foreword by Ken Dodd. Hay never published an autobiography during his lifetime; however, when ill in the 1940s, he had begun writing one, entitled I Enjoyed Every Minute. Excerpts from this unpublished autobiography were included in the 2009 book.

Roy Hudd defined Hay as the "supreme master" of sketch comedy.

Filmography

See also

References

External links

Will Hay.Comic Genius
Astronomical obituary MNRAS 110 (1950) 130
Will Hay Fan Page including audio files
Radio files
The Will Hay Appreciation Society

1888 births
1949 deaths
20th-century English comedians
20th-century English male actors
20th-century English non-fiction writers
20th-century British astronomers
English aviators
English male comedians
English stand-up comedians
English male film actors
English male radio actors
English male silent film actors
English male screenwriters
English male non-fiction writers
English film directors
English science writers
English satirists
English theatre directors
English expatriates in South Africa
English expatriates in the United States
English male stage actors
British male comedy actors
British sketch comedians
Slapstick comedians
Fellows of the Royal Astronomical Society
Music hall performers
Male actors from County Durham
Actors from Stockton-on-Tees
Vaudeville performers
Jugglers
Hypochondriacs
Science activists
Space advocates
Amateur astronomers
Propaganda film directors
Burials at Streatham Park Cemetery
20th-century English screenwriters
20th-century English male writers

Will Hay


Hugh Miller Farquharson (* 14. November 1911 in Montréal, Québec; † 27. März 1985) war ein kanadischer Eishockeyspieler und -trainer.

Karriere
Hugh Farquharson begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler an der McGill University, für deren Mannschaft er von 1927 bis 1934 aktiv war. Anschließend spielte er für die Montreal Royals. Als Gastspieler vertrat er mit den Port Arthur Bearcats 1936 Kanada bei den Olympischen Winterspielen. In der Saison 1936/37 trat er in Europa für die Southampton Vikings aus der English National League an. Von 1937 bis 1942 war er Cheftrainer der McGill University. In der Saison 1941/42 betreute er parallel zudem das Armeeteam Montreal Navy.

International
Für Kanada nahm Farquharson an den Olympischen Winterspielen 1936 in Garmisch-Partenkirchen teil, bei denen er mit seiner Mannschaft die Silbermedaille gewann.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen
 1936 Silbermedaille bei den Olympischen Winterspielen

Weblinks

Eishockeynationalspieler (Kanada)
Olympiateilnehmer (Kanada)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1936
Eishockeytrainer (Kanada)
Kanadier
Geboren 1911
Gestorben 1985
Mann

Hugh Farquharson


A 65.ª cerimônia anual do Grammy Awards foi realizada em 5 de fevereiro de 2023 na Crypto.com Arena, em Los Angeles, Califórnia, nos Estados Unidos. Reconheceu as melhores gravações, composições e artistas do ano de elegibilidade, de 1 de outubro de 2021 a 30 de setembro de 2022. As indicações foram anunciadas em 15 de novembro de 2022. O comediante sul-africano Trevor Noah, que apresentou as 63.ª e 64.ª cerimônias, retornou como apresentador pela terceira vez.

Beyoncé recebeu o maior número de indicações com nove, seguida por Kendrick Lamar com oito, e Adele e Brandi Carlile com sete cada. Com um total de 88 indicações na carreira, Beyoncé empatou com seu marido Jay-Z como os artistas mais indicados na história do Grammy. Un Verano Sin Ti, de Bad Bunny, se tornou o primeiro álbum em espanhol a ser indicado para Álbum do Ano.

Com sua vitória na categoria de Melhor Álbum de Dance/Eletrônica, Beyoncé ultrapassou o maestro húngaro-britânico Georg Solti, e se tornou a artista mais premiada da história do Grammy, com 32 prêmios.

Antecedentes
Para a cerimônia de 2023, a academia anunciou várias mudanças nas categorias e regras de elegibilidade:

Mudanças nas categorias
 Cinco categorias - Melhor Performance de Música Alternativa, Melhor Performance Americana, Melhor Trilha Sonora de Videogames e Outras Mídias Interativas, Melhor Álbum de Poesia Falada, e Compositor do Ano, Não Clássico - foram adicionadas.
 Um Prêmio Especial de Mérito, Melhor Canção para Mudança Social, foi adicionado. O prêmio será determinado por um Comitê da Blue Ribbon, e destina-se a premiar canções que "contêm conteúdo lírico que aborda uma questão social oportuna e promove compreensão, construção da paz e empatia".
 Nas categorias de Melhor Gravação de Ópera e Melhor Compêndio Clássico, compositores e libretistas tornaram-se elegíveis para o prêmio.
 Melhor Álbum de New Age foi renomeado como Melhor Álbum de New Age, Ambiente ou Cântico.
 Para Melhor Álbum de Teatro Musical, compositores e letristas com mais de 50% da trilha de uma nova gravação tornaram-se elegíveis para o prêmio.
 Melhor Álbum Falado foi renomeado como Melhor Gravação de Audio Book, Narração e Contação de História. Poesia falada não é mais elegível para este prêmio, e agora é reconhecida na categoria Melhor Álbum de Poesia Falada.

Elegibilidade dos álbums
 Para serem elegíveis para consideração, os álbuns devem conter mais de 75% do tempo de reprodução de música nova gravada; a regra anterior de elegibilidade era de 50%. Esta regra não se aplica às categorias de Melhor Trilha Sonora de Compilação, Melhor Álbum Histórico, Melhor Álbum de Áudio Imersivo, Melhor Embalagem de Gravação, Melhor Embalagem Especial e Melhor Nota de Álbum.

Comitês de habilidades
 Para três categorias do campo da música clássica (Produtor do Ano, Clássico, Melhor Engenharia de Álbum, Clássico, e Melhor Composição Clássica Contemporânea), as indicações serão determinadas por comitês especializados nessas habilidades.

Apresentações

Cerimônia de estreia

Cerimônia principal

Vencedores e indicados
Os vencedores aparecem primeiro e destacados em negrito.

Geral

Dance/Eletrônica

'''

Rock

Música Alternativa

R&B

Rap

Country

New Age

Jazz

Gospel/Música Cristã Contemporânea

Música Latina

Raízes Americanas

Reggae

Música Global

Infantil

Recitação

Comédia

Teatro Musical

Música de Mídia Visual

Composição/Arranjo

Embalagem, Notas e Histórico

Produção

Composição

Música Clássica

Videoclipe/Filme Musical

Prêmios especiais de mérito

2023
Eventos de fevereiro de 2023
Prémios de música em 2023
2023 em Los Angeles
2023 na televisão nos Estados Unidos

Grammy Awards de 2023


Canal des Ardennes (Ardenner-kanalen) er en kanal, der forbinder floddalene Aisne og Meuse i Ardennes-departementet i det nordlige Frankrig. Den er 88 km. lang og passerer undervejs 44 sluser. Den kan bruges af fartøjer på op til 300 tons med 38,5 m. længde, 5,05 m. bredde, dybgang 2,2 m. og 3,5 m. frihøjde. Kanalen blev åbnet i 1835.

Det relativt høje antal sluser skyldes, at kanalen på sin vej skal overskride vandskellet som ligger 151 m.o.h. og derfra falde til 60 m.o.h. på en strækning af blot 9 km., hvilket kræver 26 sluser. Den nødvendige vandtilførsel hertil kommer dels fra et vandreservoir ved Bairon, dels pumpes op fra Meuse-floden. Efter lange tørkeperioder må kanalen derfor lukkes for trafik.

Henvisninger

Ardennes
Etableret i 1835

Canal des Ardennes


Gonçalo do Lago Pontes Esteves (Aboim das Chouças, 27 de fevereiro de 2004) é um futebolista profissional português que atua como lateral-direito. Atualmente joga no Sporting.

Carreira
Natural de Aboim das Choças, Arcos de Valdevez, Esteves começou a carreira no ADC Aboim/Sabadim, antes de integrar a formação do Porto. Em 2019–20 foi emprestado ao Padroense.

Esteves assinou pelo Sporting em julho de 2021. Adaptou-se bem ao novo clube e, em menos de uma semana, impressionou o treinador Rúben Amorim, passando a integrar o treino da equipa principal.

Após uma série de boas exibições na equipa B dos Leões, Esteves foi incluído na lista "Next Generation" de 2021 do The Guardian. A 1 de outubro, marcou o seu primeiro golo pelo Sporting B, numa vitória por 2–0 sobre o Cova da Piedade. Duas semanas depois, estreou-se pela equipa principal, na 3ª eliminatória da Taça de Portugal, sendo titular numa vitória por 4–0 em casa do Belenenses. A 18 de dezembro, estreou-se na Primeira Liga, novamente como titular, numa vitória por 3–0 em casa do Gil Vicente; assumindo a lateral-direita nas ausências de Pedro Porro e Ricardo Esgaio devido a lesão e COVID-19, respetivamente.

A 30 de junho de 2022, Esteves foi emprestado ao Estoril Praia, da Primeira Liga, até ao fim da temporada. No seu segundo jogo, a 14 de agosto, foi expulso aos 60 minutos de uma derrota por 1–0 em casa do Vitória de Guimarães. A 29 de novembro, o Sporting cancelou o empréstimo do jovem ao Estoril, após este somar apenas 3 jogos no campeonato pelos Estorilistas.

Carreira Internacional
Esteves representou Portugal a nível Sub-16, Sub-18 e Sub-19.

Vida Pessoal
O irmão mais velho de Gonçalo, Tomás Esteves, é também futebolista e atua também como defesa-direito.

Estatísticas de Carreira

Clube

Referências

Futebolistas do Grupo Desportivo Estoril Praia
Futebolistas do Sporting Clube de Portugal
Futebolistas do Futebol Clube do Porto
Futebolistas de Portugal
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 2004

Gonçalo Esteves


For other roads with the same name see List of A21 roads.

The A21 is a trunk road in Southern England, one of several which connect London and various commuter towns to the south coast. It provides a link to Hastings, East Sussex and parts of Kent. Half of the distance covered is over gently undulating terrain, with some hills and bends. Often traffic is slow-moving, particularly on weekdays on the short single carriageway stretches; and in summer with holiday traffic.
Because of this, people have described the A21 as "a joke" and businesspeople have been reported to "hate coming down the A21". There have been many proposals to upgrade parts of the A21 in response to this.

Parts of the A21 follow the historic turnpike roads: for example the section from Sevenoaks to Tunbridge Wells, opened in 1710; other sections of the road were similarly dealt with later in the century. It is also the location of the first wildlife overbridge in the United Kingdom, near Lamberhurst.
The road between the M25 and Hastings is designated a trunk road, and is maintained and managed by National Highways.

The A21 is used for the  Maydayrun to Hastings in which motorcyclists ride from south London to the Hastings seafront. It claims to be the largest non-organised event in the UK, attracting over 20,000 bikers.

History

Turnpikes
Parts of the A21 follow the turnpike roads: one being the section from Sevenoaks to Tunbridge Wells, opened in 1710; other sections of the road were similarly dealt with later in the century.

A2100 road
South of Johns Cross, the A21 originally followed the present day A2100 road passing Mountfield and heading through Battle and approaching Silverhill via Hollington. The A21 was later rerouted to the east along what was formerly the B2091, A229 and A28.

Upgraded dual-carriageway sections
Sections of the A21 were upgraded to a dual carriageway standard in stages in the 20th century.

Sevenoaks Bypass
The Sevenoaks Bypass opened in 1966.

Tonbridge Bypass
It wasfollowed by the Tonbridge bypass and associated Medway Valley viaduct in July 1971.

Pembury Bypass
The Pembury bypass opened in 1988, followed by the Robertsbridge bypass in 1989.

Lamberhurst Bypass

The Lamberhurst Bypass was opened on 23 March 2005 to a cost of £18 million. The A21 used to have steep inclines into the village and the valley of the River Bewl. Included in the scheme is Britain's first land bridge at Scotney Castle which facilitates safe migration of wild animals over the road. The scheme was constructed by May Gurney who planted 50,000 trees on the new road.

Tonbridge and Pembury Bypass separation road width
Between 1988 and 2017, the Tonbridge bypass and the Pembury bypass were separated by a  section of 7.3m wide single carriageway with no footways or verges. Severe congestion was frequent as this stretch carried an average of 35,000 vehicles each day, significantly higher than its original capacity, and the number of accidents occurring on this road was above the national average. There were proposals to upgrade this section of A21 to a dual carriageway standard following the Pembury bypasses completion, however they were delayed multiple times. In the 2000s, an upgrade scheme was proposed by the Highways Agency, and in 2013 it underwent public enquiry. The scheme layout followed the existing carriageway and involved the construction of a pedestrian and cycle route along its whole length, as well as upgrading the Longfield Road roundabout into a grade-separated Roundabout interchange.  £92million of government money was made available to the scheme in July 2013. Preparatory works started in September 2014, which involved nine hectares of ancient woodland being removed. Trees and shrubs were relocated to adjacent land and nesting boxes were installed to protect endangered species such as the dormouse.
As a result of the widening of the carriageway a number of buildings were demolished, including a Grade 2 listed 18th century barn. Completion of the scheme was delayed in late 2016 after the discovery of asbestos contamination. The improved road opened in September 2017.

Modern route

Overview
The A21 begins in Lewisham, about  southeast of the centre of London. Passing through Catford, Bromley and Farnborough, twenty miles (32 km) from the start of the journey, it reaches the Kent border and the open countryside. Shortly afterwards the M25 is reached, with which it multiplexes for about . At this point, the road becomes a trunk road, a distinction it has held since April 1977. The continuation through Kent heads south east for around . This section is mostly a dual carriageway; but there are a few short stretches of single carriageway, resulting in frequent congestion, especially in peak periods.
Beyond the East Sussex border, the road is entirely single carriageway, sometimes with steep gradients.
Another bypass takes the A21 around the narrow road through Salehurst and Robertsbridge. Immediately before Hastings is the final hill, almost 4 miles (6 km) in length.

London

The A21 starts in Lewisham in London at a junction with the A20 known as "Loampit Vale Junction". From there the road uses various roads in Catford, where the A205 (the South Circular Road) crosses the A21; it runs south east up Bromley Hill to enter the London Borough of Bromley, where there are sections of dual carriageway, on the town's gyratory system (part of which is called Kentish Way) .

Up Masons Hill the road reaches Bromley Common, the first large-scale open space negotiated; briefly, just before Farnborough, the road becomes Hastings Road. The original A21 went through the suburb, the High Street is now the B2158. Until now the road has been in a south-easterly direction, but after Green Street Green it turns eastwards towards the valley of the River Darent, and it is at this point that the road pattern makes a complete change from its original route.

The A21 originally entered Kent here and climbed to the scarp of the North Downs at Polhill, and then descended through Dunton Green and up the valley of the River Darent to Sevenoaks; through the town centre and then down into the Medway valley via Hildenborough to Tonbridge. The London Road at the north of the town is now the B245; it continued through the long High Street, over the many bridges of the river (during which time it was also part of the A26 from Maidstone ). As the road began to climb out of the valley it took a left fork; shortly after this the route of the modern A21 is rejoined.

Knockholt to Castle Hill

Where the new A21 begins, and also where the A224 joins from the north, the road is called the Sevenoaks Road; at Knockholt (Hewitts Roundabout), the road enters Kent near its junction with a spur from the M25 motorway. The A21 actually multiplexes with the M25 and descends the North Downs Scarp here. The M25 then has to use a slip road in the left lane and the A21 takes priority although is still technically a motorway until the junction with the A25 to Sevenoaks and the M26. The oddness of Junction 5 is due to the M26 once being part of the M25.
Before the M25 was built, the A21 was the modern A224 near Polhill and then became the dual carriageway Sevenoaks bypass.

This section of the road is a grade separated dual carriageway with two lanes in each direction (aside from a three lane section northbound climbing Hubbards Hill). The road passes to the west of the town, running through a nearby valley until it meets the A225 and B245 at Morley's Interchange near Sevenoaks Weald. The next section bypasses the original route of the A21 along the B245 through Hildenborough, Tonbridge High Street, and Pembury Road to join the current route near the second A26 junction.

Between Leigh and Haysden the road crosses the River Medway by means of a two-span viaduct. Around this point, the road enters the High Weald Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The A21 then meets the two junctions with the A26, providing access to Tonbridge and Southborough.

Castle Hill to Lamberhurst
After the end of the Tonbridge bypass, the A21 climbs Castle Hill as the Pembury Bypass as it reaches the North Farm interchange with the flyover for non-stop traffic. The next junction is with the A264 road to Tunbridge Wells and the A228 to Maidstone. The road later meets the original alignment at an at-grade junction (leaving a brief gap in the central reservation) not long before it meets a double roundabout at Kippings Cross where another section of single carriageway starts.
The next section of A21 is a major bottleneck, being a single carriageway with frequent bends. In October 2005 the "Preferred Route" to upgrade this  section was announced.
However, the scheme has since been suspended.

Lamberhurst to John's Cross

After a junction with the A262, the road returns to a dual carriageway standard along the   Lamberhurst bypass where the A21 skirts to the east of the village on a road through various farms until eventually it gets to Scotney Castle where the dual carriageway ends at a roundabout.

The next section of road is a single carriageway which travels past Bewl Water and Kilndown until it once again becomes a dual carriageway for . However it has been reduced to one lane in each direction to reduce speeding.
As the dual Carriageway ends, the road enters East Sussex and meets the A268, taking traffic to/from Rye. The A21 then travels through numerous conjoined villages including Hurst Green where it meets the A265 from Heathfield. After a hill descent, the road reaches a roundabout where the Robertsbridge bypass begins, taking traffic away from the main street in the village.
This is built to a single carriageway standard. The road then regains the original route before meeting the A2100 at a roundabout in the hamlet of Johns Cross.

Mountfield to Hastings
After Johns Cross roundabout, the A21 takes a relatively straight, though undulating, journey, through Whatlington and passes Sedlescombe before climbing a four-mile (6.4 km) long hill to enter Hastings where the first junction reached is the Baldslow Interchange where currently the A28, A2100 and B2093 roads all terminate. The A21 then heads through northern Hastings where the road is known as Sedlescombe road North with access to sub-urban streets until eventually it meets the A2101 which heads for the Town Centre. The A21 then enters Silverhill where it gets to a junction which is sometimes a major bottleneck. Afterwards the A2102 heads for St Leonards and the A21 becomes the high street of Bohemia where the road is narrow. The route then heads down with access to various emergency services and then enters the town centre. From here the original A21 cut through the town centre to meet the A259 at a roundabout near Pelham Crescent however since the town centre has been pedestrianised the A21 heads down on the sub-urban streets to the east. The next section of the A21 heads around partly on a one-way system near the railway station and the Priory Quarter business development. From here, the southbound stretch of A21 is reserved for buses only and terminates on the A259.

Junctions

Improvement proposals
Large portions of the A21, through Kent mostly, are dual carriageway with intervening stretches of single carriageway.
There have long been plans are to upgrade some of the remaining stretches of single carriageway to alleviate congestion, safety and accessibility problems in the villages along the route.

Safety is a particular concern because a 2002 report stated that a  section of the A21 south of Flimwell was the most dangerous road in the south east outside London, and the 38th most dangerous in the country, however it has since been overtaken by the A259 between Pevensey and Bexhill-on-Sea.

Kippings Cross to Lamberhurst
When the Pembury bypass ends at Kippings Cross, the next section of A21 is a low quality single carriageway road with several steep gradients across the Weald. There are few major centres of habitation on the road
and limited or no footpaths.
There are many houses next to the route and the road has very frequent bends.
The Kippings Cross to Lamberhurst section has a high accident rate and congestion occurs particularly at peak times.

It is proposed that this section should be turned into a two-lane dual carriageway with footpaths
and is proposed to be completely off-line, although mainly following the existing route, and have
improvements to the A262 roundabout.
The Bypass is said to cost £40 million.

This scheme has since been suspended following the 2010 spending review.

Flimwell to Robertsbridge
Plans have been published for a new road between the southern end of the Flimwell bypass and the beginning of the Robertsbridge bypass. The 5.5-mile (8.9 km) improvement will bypass the villages of Flimwell, Hurst Green and Silver Hill. The improvement will commence at the B2079 junction (Lady Oak Lane) on the short section of existing dual carriageway north of Flimwell and terminate at the roundabout at the northern end of the Robertsbridge Bypass.
Although part of the road will be brought up to a dual carriageway standard, parts will become a "wide single carriageway". This scheme has been postponed until 2015 at the earliest and currently route protection is being lifted.

Baldslow Interchange
Since the Hastings-Bexhill Link Road opened, more traffic has started to use the already congested road from the A2100/A28 to the A21 at Baldslow Interchange, Hastings.
Construction is underway to build a short link road to the A21 south of the interchange and bring more of the A21, from there up past to a new roundabout in an area north of the interchange, to dual carriageway standard.
Another option was to realign the A2100 north of the junction, but this option was less favourable due to environmental concerns.

Further upgrades
Schemes to upgrade the following sections have also been proposed:

Lamberhurst to Flimwell
Robertsbridge to Baldslow

See also
 Great Britain road numbering scheme

References

External links
 UK Roads Portal (WIKI) – A21
 CBRD M25 J5
 Road to Nowhere: A21

Streets in London
Streets in the London Borough of Lewisham
Streets in the London Borough of Bromley
Transport in East Sussex
Roads in Kent
Roads in London
Hastings
Proposed roads in the United Kingdom

A21 road (England)


Wild dog is a term broadly applied to canines that are either not domesticated or not owned.

Wild dog may also refer to:
Feral dog, domestic dogs living as wild animals
Dingo, or Australian wild dog, a free-ranging dog found in Australia
African wild dog, or African hunting dog, wild canine of Africa
Asiatic wild dog, or dhole, wild canine of Asia
 Wild Dog (album), a 2012 album by Susanna, also known as Susanna and the Magical Orchestra
Wild Dog (comics), a fictional vigilante appearing in DC comics
Wild Dog (film), an Indian Telugu-language film
Wild Dog (Time Crisis), a villain in the Time Crisis series of video games

Wild dog (disambiguation)


بلدية فالديبرادو ديل ريو ، هي إحدى بلديات منطقة كانتابريا, المصنفة على أنها مقاطعة أيضاً، في شمال إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 334 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في كانتابريا
بلديات كانتابريا

فالديبرادو ديل ريو


Sjeverni štakorski kanal (njemački: Rattenlinie Nord) opisuje put bijega brojnih visoko rangiranih nacionalsocijalista prema Flensburgu u pokrajini Schleswig-Holstein 1945. godine. Razmatra se odvojeno od ostalih štakorskih kanala koje su vodile van Europe.

Razlozi bijega prema Flensburgu
U posljednjim danima Drugog svjetskog rata veliki broj nacističkih vođa nije uspio pobjeći u navodnu alpsku tvrđavu na jugu zemlje, već se dao u bijeg prema sjeveru do grada Flensburga. U nerazorenoj flensburškoj četvrti Mürwik uspostavljeno je tzv. posebno područje Mürwik kao sjedište flensburške vlade, posljednje nacionalsocijalističke vlade pod vodstvom admirala Karla Dönitza. Planiranje preseljenja vlade iz Berlina u Mürwik započelo je u veljači 1945., a provedeno je u travnju 1945.

Reichsführer SS Heinrich Himmler je također, zajedno sa svojim glavnim pomoćnikom Wernerom Grothmannom, Karlom Gebhardtom i ostalim osobljem, pobjegao prema Flensburgu, s namjerom uključenja u vladu admirala Dönitza.

Povezani članci

 Flensburška vlada

Izvori

Njemačka u Drugom svjetskom ratu

Sjeverni štakorski kanal


Månens vand er vand, der er til stede på Månen. Flydende vand kan ikke være til stede på Månens overflade, og vanddamp nedbrydes af sollys, hvor brint hurtigt går tabt til det ydre rum. Men forskerne har  siden 1960'erne formodet, at vand-is kunne overleve i kolde, permanent skygget kratere ved Månens poler. Vandmolekyler er også påvist i det tynde lag af gasser over månens overflade.

Vand (H2O), og den kemisk beslægtet hydroxyl gruppe (-OH), kan også findes i former, der er kemisk bundet som fugter og - hydroxider til månens mineraler (snarere end frit vand), og videnskabelig dokumentation tyder stærkt på, at dette faktisk er tilfældet i lave koncentrationer over en stor del af Månens overflade. Faktisk er adsorberet vand beregnet til at eksistere med sporkoncentrationer fra 10 til 1000 ppm. I 1978 blev det rapporteret, at prøver fra den Sovjetiske Luna 24 sonde indeholdt 0.1 % vand i masseprøven. Ikke-entydigt evidens for frit vand-is på månens poler blev samlet fra en række observationer, der tyder på tilstedeværelsen af bundet hydrogen.

Se også

 Vand på Mars

 Missioner

 24 Themis (påvisning af vand på en asteroide)
 Chandrayaan-1 lunar orbiter
 Chandrayaan-2 lunar orbiter og rovers
 Månens Lommelygte sol-sejl orbiter
 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter

Referencer

Jordens måne

Månens is


Esmehan Sultan (Osmanlı Türkçesi: أسمهان سلطان; d.1545, Manisa - ö. 8 Ağustos 1585, İstanbul), II. Selim'in Nurbanu Sultan'dan doğma kızlarıdır. Veziriazam Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'nın eşidir ve III. Murad'ın kız kardeşidir. İsmi bazı kaynaklarda İsmihan Sultan olarak da geçmektedir.

Sokullu Mehmet Paşa'yla iki çocuğu oldu, bunlar Sultanzâde İbrahim Bey ve Gülruh Hanımsultan'dır. Sokulluzade Hasan Paşa'nın manevî annesidir. 1585 yılında bir doğum sırasında ölmüştür.

Hayatı
Esmehan Sultan, 1545 yılında Manisa Sarayı'nda dünyaya geldi. 1564 yılında Sokullu Mehmed Paşa ile evlendirildi ve bu evlilikten iki çocuğu oldu. Bunlar İbrahim Han ve Gülruh Sultan'dır. Bir yıl sonra Semiz Ali Paşa öldü ve eşi Sadrazam oldu. Artık her ikisi de güçlü ve etkili oldu. Eylül 1566'de, Dedesi I. Süleyman'ın ölümü üzerine annesi ve kardeşleriyle birlikte İstanbul'a geldi. Babasının saltanatında devlette söz sahipliği Esmehan Sultan'ın eşi Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'ya geçti ve bu nedenle Esmehan da büyük bir nüfûza ve güce sahip oldu. Devlet işlerine karıştığı bilinmemektedir, ama muhtemelen bunu validesi Nurbanu Sultan'a ve zevci Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'ya bıraktı ve karışmadı.

1574'te babası öldü ve yerine kardeşi III. Murad tahta çıktı. Esmehan Sultan annesi gibi III.Murad'ın hasekisi Safiye Sultan'ı hiç sevmezdi. Bu nedenle Safiye'den kurtulmak ister. Bazı kaynaklara göre III.Murad'a Safiye Sultan'dan sonra ilk sunulan cariye Esmehan Sultan tarafından gönderilmiştir. 1579 yılında eşi Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'nın öldürülmesinden sonra dul kaldı. İlk zevcinin ölümünden sonra Özdemiroğlu Osman Paşa ile evlenmek istedi, ama o bir nedenle istemedi. Sonra Esmehan Sultan ya Budin valisi  Kalaylıkoz Ali Paşa ya da Nişancı Feridun Paşa ile evlendi. 1585 yılında İstanbul'da bir doğum yaparken öldü ve dünyaya gelen bebek kırk gün sonra öldü.

Hayır işleri

1571'de ilk eşinin adına Mimar Sinan'a bir câmii yaptırdı. (Sokullu Mehmed Paşa Camii (Kadırga)) ve Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'nın ölümünden sonra onun adına bir çeşme yaptırtmıştır. Mankalya'da Esmehan Sultan'ın adıyla hayır faaliyetleri yürüten vakfı 7 adet sıbyan mektebi, 3 adet han, 300 dükkân, 1 küçük bedesten, 1 küçük hamam inşa etti. Mankalya'daki Esmehan Sultan Camii'de onun vakfı tarafından  1575 senesinde tamamlandı. Günümüzde Romanya'daki en eski câmiidir ve hâlen Türk ve Tatar kökenli yaklaşık 800 aileden oluşan bir cemaati vardır.

Çocukları
 İbrahim Han (1565-1621): Sokullu Mehmed Paşa'nın oğlu olduğu için Sokullu İbrahim olarak, Esmehan Sultan'ın oğlu oldu için ise Sultanzâde İbrahim olarak bilinirdi. 1565'te İstanbul'da dünyaya geldi. Budin valisi olarak görev yaptığı bilinmektedir. 1621 senesinde öldü ve Eyüp Sultan Camii'nde babasının yanına gömüldü.
 Gülruh Sultan: Hakkında çok bilgi yoktur, ama o zamanın şeyhülislamının oğluyla evlendiği bilinmektedir. Annesi sultan (padişah kızı) olduğu için "Hanım Sultan" unvanı almıştı.
 Sultanzâde Mahmut (1585): Esmehan Sultan'ın ve onun ikinci zevcinin oğludur, annesi onun doğumundan sonra öldü. Annesinin ölümünden kırk gün sonra küçük yaşta öldü.

Ölümü
İkinci evliliğinden kısa bir süre sonra 8 Ağustos 1585'te bir doğum sırasında öldü.   Mezarı Ayasofya Camii avlusundadır.

Kaynakça

Osmanlı padişah kızları
1585 yılında ölenler
Manisa doğumlular
VikiProje Tarih kaynak bekleyen maddeler
1545 doğumlular
İstanbul'da ölenler

Esmehan Sultan


Evrenin en karmaşık sorun ve sorunsallarını yalın bir dile indirgemeyi başaran Stephen W. Hawking, kırk dile çevirisi yapılan Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren ya da özgün adıyla The Universe in a Nutshell kitabında, fizik gibi karmaşık bir bilimi, insanoğlunun nereden başladığı ve nerede biteceği henüz bilinmeyen zaman kavramı çerçevesinde masalsı bir yolculuğa çıkartır.

Zamanın bir başlangıcı var mıdır? Yoksa zaman, sonsuz olduğu gibi başlangıçsız mıdır? İçine düşenin sonsuzlukta yitip gideceği kara delikler nedir? Evrenin sonsuzluğu içinde birer yansıma mı? Evrendeki büyük patlamanın enflasyona bağlı olduğunu biliyor muydunuz? gibi sorulara yanıt veren Hawking, yirminci yüzyılın başlarından bu yana, diğer bir deyişle Einstein'dan Hawking'e fiziğin yolculuğundan kesitler verir. Bu kesitlere bakarak, insanoğlu, geçmişini, varoluş nedenlerini ve belki de kendisini nasıl bir yok oluşun beklediğine dair ipuçlarını bulacaktır.

Genel Görelilik, kuantum mekaniği, kara delikler, süper novalar, süper bağlar, p-zarlar, süper kütleçekimi ve membralar bilim dünyasına dışarından bakanlara pek tanıdık gelmiyor. Ama zamanı ve varoluşu kavrayabilmek, yaşadığımız evrene farklı bir pencereden bakabilmek için bilim insanı olmak da gerekmiyor.
Einstein'ın ardından dünyanın ikinci büyük fizikçisi olarak kabul edilen Stephen Hawking, yukarıda sıraladığım matematik ve fizik kokan konuları duru anlatımıyla bir kitapta topladı.
Hawking'in, Türkçeye tercüme edilerek Haziran 2002'de Alfa Yayınları  tarafından piyasaya sürülen "Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren" adlı kitabı tüm dünyada yoğun bir ilgiyle karşılandı. Bu yazıyı, kitabı tanımaya başlamadan önce ısınma hareketleri yapmak olarak görüyorum. Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren'in içeriğiyle ilgili detayları önümüzdeki günlerde yayınlayacağımız ikinci bölümde bulacaksınız.

Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren, 2002 yılında Aventis Ödülü kazanmıştır.

Aventis ödüllü kitaplar
2002 kitapları
Stephen Hawking kitapları
Astronomi kitapları
İngilizce kitaplar
İngiliz kitapları

Ceviz Kabuğundaki Evren


Gainesville High School is the name of several high schools in the United States:

Gainesville High School (Florida)
Gainesville High School (Georgia)
Gainesville High School (Missouri), Gainesville, Missouri
Gainesville High School (Texas)
Gainesville High School (Virginia)

Gainesville High School


Le sillon du sinus pétreux inférieur est la gouttière osseuse contenant le sinus pétreux inférieur. Il est formé par la jonction de la partie pétreuse de l'os temporal et de la partie basilaire de l'os occipital.

Notes et références

Voir aussi
 Sinus de la dure-mère

Crâne

Sillon du sinus pétreux inférieur


246643 Miaoli este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
246643 Miaoli este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul Lulin de Hsiao Xiang-Yao și Ye Quan-Zhi. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,70 ua, o excentricitate de 0,19 și o înclinație de 3,7° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 246001-247000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 2008
Centura de asteroizi

246643 Miaoli


La farsa es un género operístico difundido entre la última década del  y las primeras tres del  principalmente en Venecia y en Nápoles y en menor medida en el resto de Italia.

Se trataba normalmente de una ópera de carácter bufo con un solo acto, a veces representada junto con ballets. Estructuralmente es afín al drama jocoso en dos actos (del cual presumiblemente deriva), con el cual comparte por ejemplo la estructura de los concertantes, pero con recitativos más cortos. Destinada a teatros pequeños de escasos recursos financieros, se caracterizaba por la ausencia casi total de los coros y del escaso cambio de escenas (a veces la escena es la misma durante toda la representación). Además presentaba un ritmo veloz, unos personajes "naturales" y una acción moderada. Algunas farsas se vieron influidas por el estilo francés, como la comédie mêlée d'ariettes.

La farsa empezó a desarrollarse a principios de los años 1790 y llegó a la cumbre de su éxito en torno al año 1800. Logró su máxima fortuna en Venecia, donde se representaron sobre todo en el Teatro San Moisé durante el carnaval. En esta ciudad en poco más de veinte años se musicaron hasta 106 libretos, algunos varias veces por diversos compositores, del total de 191 producidos en toda Italia.

Los principales libretistas que contribuyeron a este género operístico fueron Giuseppe Maria Foppa y Gaetano Rossi, mientras que entre los compositores sobresalen Giuseppe Farinelli, Pietro Generali, Johann Simon Mayr, Giuseppe Mosca, Gioachino Rossini, Gaetano Donizetti y Vittorio Trento.

Ejemplos de farsas
Le finezze d'amore, o sia La farsa non si fa, ma si prova de Gennaro Astarita (1773, Venecia)
I matrimoni in ballo de Domenico Cimarosa con libreto de Pasquale Mililotti (1776, Nápoles)
L'intrigo della lettera de Johann Simon Mayr con libreto de Giuseppe Maria Foppa (1797, Venecia)
Le donne cambiate de Marcos António Portugal con libreto de Giuseppe Maria Foppa (1797, Venecia)
Che originali! de Johann Simon Mayr con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1798, Venecia)
L'accademia di musica de Johann Simon Mayr con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1799, Venecia)
Teresa e Claudio de Giuseppe Farinelli con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1801, Venecia)
Pamela de Giuseppe Farinelli con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1802, Venecia)
Pamela nubile de Pietro Generali con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1804, Venecia)
L'amor coniugale de Johann Simon Mayr con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1805, Padua)
La cambiale di matrimonio de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1810, Venecia)
I tre mariti de Giuseppe Mosca con libreto de Gaetano Rossi (1811, Venecia)
L'inganno felice de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Giuseppe Maria Foppa (1812, Venecia)
La scala di seta de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Giuseppe Maria Foppa (1812, Venecia)
L'occasione fa il ladro de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Luigi Prividali (1812, Venecia)
Il signor Bruschino de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Giuseppe Maria Foppa (1813, Venecia)
Adina de Gioachino Rossini con libreto de Gherardo Bevilacqua Aldobrandini (1826, Lisboa)
Le convenienze ed inconvenienze teatrali de Gaetano Donizetti (1827, Nápoles)
Il campanello de Gaetano Donizetti con libreto del mismo compositor (1836, Nápoles)

Enlaces externos

Géneros de ópera
Terminología italiana de ópera

Farsa (ópera)


දිවීම යනු පාද දෙකම් එකවරක පොළොවෙන් උඩ පිහිටමින් යාමයි. එසේත් නැත්නම් වරක ගුවන් ගතවීමයි.

දිවීම


L'astroblème d'Obolon est un cratère d'impact souterrain situé à environ  au sud-est de Kyiv en Ukraine. Son diamètre est de  et son âge a été estimé à 169 millions d'années. Le site a fait l'objet de plusieurs forages, dans le cadre d'une prospection pétrolière en 1966-1967, qui ont permis de révéler la présence d'impactites ainsi que celle de chlore en haute teneur, ce qui suggère que la zone aurait pu être recouverte d'une mer peu profonde au moment de l'impact.

Voir aussi
 Impact
 Bolide
 Catena
 Réservoir Manicouagan
 Cratère de Chicxulub

Liens externes

Références

Obolon
Obolon
Oblast de Poltava

Cratère d'Obolon


Kolumbijski sukob u vojnoj povijesti predstavlja naziv za polustoljetni oružani sukob niskog inteziteta u obličju asimetričnog ratovanja kolumbijske vlade, narkokartela te različitih paravojnih i gerilskih skupina sa snažnim međunarodnim odjekom. Korijen sukoba leži u desetogodišnjem građanskom ratu paravojnih krila Konzervativne i Liberalne stranke krajem Drugog svjetskog rata koji je vremenom prerastao u dugotrajni sveobuhvatni unutardržavni sukob s posredstvom nekolicine svjetskih sila, poput Sjedinjenih Država, Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva i Španjolske na strani kolumbijske vlade.

U šezdesetogodišnjem razdoblju poginulo gotovo 220 000 ljudi, od čega skoro 180 000 civila, među kojima i oko 45 000 maloljetnika, a raseljeno je preko sedam milijuna ljudi.

Povijest Kolumbije
Građanski ratovi

Kolumbijski sukob


Arka Sokaklar, Erler Film (2006-2022) ve D Media (2023-günümüz) imzalı, ilk bölümü 31 Temmuz 2006 tarihinde yayımlanan, yönetmenliğini Orhan Oğuz'un yaptığı, senaryosunu Ahmet Yurdakul, Ozan Yurdakul, Sinan Yurdakul, Barkın Şenüren ve Metin Arslan'ın yazdığı polisiye, aksiyon, dram ve komedi türündeki Türk yapımı televizyon dizisi. 18 yıldır (18 sezon) kesintisiz yayımlanan Arka Sokaklar; yayın yılı, sezon sayısı ve bölüm sayısı bakımından Türk televizyon tarihinin en uzun süren haftalık dizisidir.

Konusu
Dizide, İstanbul Emniyet Müdürlüğü Asayiş Şube Müdürlüğü'nde özel bir ekipte görev yapan polislerin aile yaşamları ve İstanbul sokaklarındaki maceraları anlatılmaktadır. Ekip, görevleri sırasında değişik ve çeşitli insan hikâyeleriyle sürekli karşılaşmaktadır. Zaman zaman gülümseten, zaman zaman da iç burkan bu hikâyelere, meslek yıllarının tecrübesi ve babalığıyla yaklaşan, ekibin diğer genç üyelerine de yol gösteren İstanbul Emniyet Müdürü Rıza Soylu olur.

Çekimler
Dizi çekimlerinde tercih edilen iç mekan genellikle İstanbul'un Fatih ilçesinde bulunan Vatan Caddesi'ndeki İstanbul Emniyet Müdürlüğü'dür. Dış çekimler için tercih edilen bölgeler Avrupa Yakası'nda Beyoğlu ve Şişli gibi ilçeler; Anadolu Yakası'nda ise Kadıköy ve Beykoz ilçeleridir. Bunun dışında 324. bölümün çekimleri Mardin'de, 424 ve 425. bölümlerin çekimleri Safranbolu'da, 433 ve 434. bölümlerin çekimleri Bursa'da, 448 ve 449. bölümlerin çekimleri ise Şanlıurfa'da gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Oyuncu kadrosu ve karakterler

Not: Aşağıda yer alan ana karakterlerin açıklamaları, detaylı hâlini ve yardımcı karakterler hakkında detaylı bilgiler ve bölüm numaralarıyla ilgili bilgi edinmek için karakter listesine bakınız.

Ana karakterler
Rıza Soylu / Rıza Baba (Zafer Ergin): 4. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü'dür.
Hüsnü Çoban (Özgür Ozan): Ekibe ilk dâhil olanlardandır. Başkomiserdir.
Engin Balkan (İlker İnanoğlu): 3. Sınıf Emniyet Müdürü'dür. Ekibin Rıza Baba'dan sonraki ikinci müdürüdür.
Hakan Çınar (Ozan Çobanoğlu): Daha önce TEM Şube'de çalışmış bir komiserdir.
Aylin Aydın (Özlem Çınar): Komiserdir.
Arif Sağlam (Can Başak): Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü İstihbarat Daire Başkanlığı Müdürü'dür. Ekibin önemli konularıyla ve önemli işleriyle ilgilenir.
Arda Atik (Tunç Oğuz): Komiser yardımcısı ve ekibin keskin nişancısıdır.
Emre Gürbüz (Oğuz Peçe): Komiser yardımcısıdır.
Alper Gündüz (Ali Haydar Çataltepe): Ekibe torpilli olarak gelen polis memurudur. Komiser yardımcısıdır.
Kadir Korkmaz (Hasan Denizyaran):  Komiserdir.
Ünal Kalafat (Cansu Fırıncı): Sado'nun (Sadullah) adamıdır. Başkomiserdir.
Birce Yaman (Sinem Reyhan Kıroğlu): Komiserdir.
Cansu Toprak (Ece Aydemir): Olay yeri incelemeyle ilgilenen polis memurudur.

Yardımcı karakterler
 Nazike Özçaylan (Nazlı Tosunoğlu): Suat'ın teyzesidir.
 Tunç Güneri (Kerimhan Duman): Mesut'un oğludur.
 Ayla Soylu (Hülya Kalebayır): Rıza Baba'nın eşidir.
 Pınar Soylu (Elvan Dişli): Rıza Baba'nın kızıdır.
 Başak Balkan (Perihan Ünlücan): Ekibe yardımcı olan avukattır. Engin'in eşidir.
 Esra Çoban (Gaye Gürsel): Hüsnü'nün ikinci eşidir.
 Metin Çoban (Furkan Göksel): Hüsnü'nün oğludur.
 Sinem Özdemir (Gizem Terzi): Ekibin teknik işlerinden sorumlu polis memurudur.
 Arzu (Gizem Birdan): Ekibin teknik işlerinden sorumlu polis memurudur.
 Hatice Korkmaz (Elçin Atamgüç): Komiser Kadir Korkmaz ve Eren Korkmaz'ın annesidir.

Yayın takvimi

Bölümler

Sezonlar
 1. sezon
 2. sezon
 3. sezon
 4. sezon
 5. sezon
 6. sezon
 7. sezon
 8. sezon
 9. sezon
 10. sezon
 11. sezon
 12. sezon
 13. sezon
 14. sezon
 15. sezon
 16. sezon
 17. sezon
 18. sezon

Diğer ülkelerde gösterimi

Ödüller
 Antalya Büyükşehir Belediyesi ile Antalya Kültür Sanat Vakfı'nca (AKSAV) düzenlenen 2011 Antalya Televizyon Ödülleri'nde en iyi polisiye dizi ödülüne layık görüldü.
 Magazin Gazetecileri Derneği (MGD) Altın Objektif Ödülleri 2016 - Özel Başarı Ödülü
 Engelsiz Yaşam Vakfı, 10. Yılın En İyileri Ödülleri - 2019 Yılının En İyi Polisiye Dizisi
 Best of Year Awards-Yılın En'leri Ödülleri - Yılın En Uzun Soluklu Televizyon Dizisi
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Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Kanal D'nin resmî sitesinde Arka Sokaklar
 D Media'nın resmî sitesinde Arka Sokaklar
 Erler Film'in resmî sitesinde Arka Sokaklar

 YouTube'da Arka Sokaklar
 IMDb'de Arka Sokaklar

2006'da başlayan Türk televizyon dizileri
Türk polisiye televizyon dizileri
Türk aksiyon televizyon dizileri
Türk komedi televizyon dizileri
Türk dramatik televizyon dizileri
Türk suç televizyon dizileri
Yayınlanmakta olan Kanal D dizileri
Erler Film dizileri
D Media dizileri
İstanbul'da çekilmiş televizyon dizileri
Bursa'da çekilmiş televizyon dizileri
Karabük'te çekilmiş televizyon dizileri
Mardin'de çekilmiş televizyon dizileri
Şanlıurfa'da çekilmiş televizyon dizileri
2000'lerde Türkçe televizyon dizileri

Arka Sokaklar (dizi)


Ideal World est une chaîne de télévision britannique de télé-achat.

Histoire
Ideal World est  à l'origine dans les années 1980 une société de vente par correspondance, publiant des annonces dans la presse nationale et dans des expositions grand public. La société s'appelle alors Wrightway Marketing et est dirigée par Paul Wright et son partenaire commercial Val Kaye.

Ideal World est lancé le  sur le satellite numérique depuis un studio de Peterborough.

Le , le studio de Peterborough est complètement détruit par un incendie. La chaîne reprend ses émissions en quelques semaines à partir de diverses installations temporaires tandis que le bâtiment principal est reconstruit : il n'est à nouveau pleinement opérationnelle qu'en .

Ideal World a d'abord comme animateurs principaux Steve Whatley, Paul Lavers et Debbie Flint.

Le , la première chaîne sœur d'Ideal World, Create & Craft, est lancée. Le , Ideal Vitality commence à émettre. Il s'agit à l'origine d'une chaîne de Goldshield, "Goldshield Vitality", pour laquelle Ideal Shopping Direct a fourni les installations d'enregistrement et de diffusion en studio. Cependant, fin 2005, Goldshield se retire de l'entreprise. Ideal Shopping diffuse une chaîne similaire mettant l'accent sur les produits de santé et de beauté de la gamme Ideal, sous le nom de Vitality. Ideal Vitality est arrêté et remplacé par des moments forts des émissions précédentes d'Ideal World, la chaîne étant renommée sur l'EPG Sky en Ideal World 2. Ideal World 3 suit en reprenant les émissions d'Ideal World 2.

Le , Ideal World commence à diffuser sur Freeview.

Jewellery Vault, une chaîne de bijoux aux prix abaissés, est lancée le , diffusant en direct de  à , elle ferme en , car elle ne couvre pas ses coûts d'exploitation.

Le , Ideal World 2 est renommé Ideal Extra et Ideal World 3 est renommé Ideal & More. Le même jour, Ideal Extra est lancé sur Freeview.

En 2011, la société est radiée de l'Alternative Investment Market, après l'acquisition par le fonds d'investissement de Village Ventures, Inflexion Private Equity. Le fonds est ensuite vendu à The Blackstone Group, en 2015.

En , Ideal World fait l'objet d'une enquête de l'émission Watchdog après que des téléspectateurs se sont plaints de la non-livraison des marchandises et de la qualité médiocre de certains produits. Des clients allèguent aussi que les plaintes adressées au service client d'Ideal World sont restées sans réponse ou ne sont pas satisfaisantes. L'enquête de Watchdog fait suite aux affirmations du Daily Mirror selon lesquelles les plaintes concernant Ideal World soumises à son blog avaient été plus de 100. Ideal World est acquis en  par Aurelius Group, déjà propriétaire de Bid Shopping et de sa filiale, Bid tv, entre 2009 et 2013.

Le , Ideal World et Create & Craft commencent à diffuser simultanément des émissions en direct sur ITV (et UTV) entre minuit et , remplaçant Jackpot247. En , Ideal World commence à diffuser simultanément sur STV en même temps qu'ITV, ce qui signifie qu'Ideal World est désormais diffusé tous les soirs sur l'ensemble du réseau ITV pour la première fois.

CCXTV est lancé par Ideal Shopping Direct Ltd le  en tant que chaîne de divertissement et reprend LCN 23 de Create & Craft, diffusée de  à , avec un programme d'importations et de rediffusions d'émissions. La chaîne est vendue à UKTV en . La chaîne s'arrête le  et remplacée par Drama +1.

Traduction

Annexes

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Ideal World


Attachétaske R.W. er et kunstværk af Ulla Kraitz.

Attachétasken R.W. er en dokumentmappe i bronze af den type som Raoul Wallenberg anvendte under sit arbejde som svensk diplomat 1944-45 med at redde jøder fra jødeudryddelsen i Budapest i Ungarn, med monogrammet "R.W." Det findes som selvstændigt kunstværk og i forskellige konstellationer i skulpturer af Gustav og Ulla Kraitz i Sverige, Ungarn og USA.

I juni 2014 blev bronzeportefølgen opstillet på Erzsebettorvet i Budapest i Ungarn. Den indgår i kunstværket Do not forget, som blev skænket af den svenske regering til den ungarske regering. Skulpturen består af en kurvet bænk i diabas med portefølgen anbragt ovenpå. Bænken har en inskription på ungarsk og på engelsk:

"The young diplomat Raoul Wallenberg worked ind i Budapest ind i 1944. He issued Swedish protective passports to Jews. Thousands of people were saved through his courage knowledge and creativity. Raoul Wallenberg was born ind i 1912. On 17 January 1945 he was abducted landsby the Sovjet Red Army. His fate remains unknown."

Pladser
 Raoul Wallenbergs fødehjem Kappsta på Lidingö
 "Skissernas museums skulpturpark" i Lund
 Uden for "Arvfurstens palats" i Stockholm
 I kunstværket Do not forget på Erzsebettorvet i Budapest i Ungarn
 Hope, Raoul Wallenbergmonument ved FN's hovedkontor (1998), diabas og bronze, hjørnet af Første aveny og 47. gade i New York i USA

Noter

Kunst fra Sverige
Skåne
Lund
Skulpturer

Attachétaske R.W.


As Quatro Belezas ou Quatro Grandes Belezas são quatro mulheres chinesas que eram conhecidas por sua beleza. As quatro são geralmente identificadas como Xi Shi, Wang Zhaojun, Diaochan e Yang Guifei.  A escassez de registros históricos a respeito delas significava que muito do que se sabe delas hoje foi muito embelezado pela lenda. Dizia-se que todas elas, de alguma forma, chamaram a atenção de um rei ou imperador governante em suas respectivas épocas.  Elas ganharam sua reputação pela influência que exerceram sobre reis e imperadores e, conseqüentemente, pela forma como suas ações impactaram a história chinesa. Três das Quatro Belezas colocaram reinos de joelhos e suas vidas terminaram em tragédia.

Xi Shi
Xi Shi viveu por volta dos séculos 7 a 6 aC, durante o período da primavera e outono. Semelhante à história do Zhuangzi, dizia-se que ela era tão linda que os peixes se esqueciam de como nadar e afundavam abaixo da superfície ao ver seu reflexo na água.  Xi Shi era de Zhuji, a capital do Antigo Reino Yue. Goujian, o rei de Yue, havia se rendido ao estado rival de Wu, com o objetivo de ganhar tempo antes de decretar sua vingança. Parte de seu plano era despachar Xi Shi como um presente para Fuchai, o rei de Wu, na esperança de que Fuchai se apaixonasse por ela e se distraísse de seus deveres oficiais. O plano deu certo, com Fuchai gastando todo o seu tempo entretendo Xi Shi e não cuidando de assuntos militares. Em parte devido à sua distração, Goujian foi capaz de derrotar um Fuchai despreparado na batalha. Fuchai, cheio de arrependimento, cometeu suicídio. Existem dois relatos do que aconteceu com Xi Shi. A primeira é que Goujian a matou afogando-a porque temia que ele também ficasse hipnotizado por sua beleza. A segunda foi que ela acabou se reunindo com seu amante Fan Li e eles viveram juntos em reclusão.

Wang Zhaojun
Wang Zhaojun nasceu por volta de 50 aC, durante a dinastia Han Ocidental. Novamente refletindo o Zhuangzi, ela era considerada tão bonita que sua aparência atrairia os pássaros em vôo para cair do céu.  Conhecida localmente por sua beleza e habilidade em tocar pipa, ela foi escolhida para ser admitida no harém do imperador Yun, apesar de sua pouca idade. Apesar de sua beleza, o imperador nunca a visitou, pois ela se recusou a subornar os retratistas oficiais, que então pintaram um retrato nada lisonjeiro dela. Em 33 aC, o Xiongnu Chanyu Huhanye veio à capital Han, Chang'an, em uma visita oficial e pediu uma beldade Han como sua esposa como parte do sistema de aliança de casamento entre a dinastia Han e os Xiongnu. O novo imperador, o imperador Huan, ordenou que a mulher mais simples do harém fosse dada a Huhanye, e assim Wang Zhaojun foi escolhido, com base em seu retrato pouco lisonjeiro. O artista Mao Yanshou foi posteriormente executado por enganar o imperador.

Diaochan
Diaochan viveu durante os anos finais do Han Oriental e o subsequente período dos Três Reinos. Ela disse ser tão luminosamente adorável que a própria lua se esquivava de vergonha quando comparada com seu rosto.  Registros históricos chineses indicam que o guerreiro Lü Bu teve um caso secreto com uma das criadas do senhor da guerra Dong Zhuo e ele constantemente temia que Dong Zhuo descobrisse. Esta foi uma das razões pelas quais ele traiu e assassinou Dong Zhuo em 192. Porém, o nome da empregada não ficou registrado na história. Em recontagens posteriores, como o romance Ming Romance dos Três Reinos, essa mulher é chamada de Diaochan, e detalhes fictícios sobre sua vida foram adicionados ao longo dos séculos.

Yang Guifei
Yang Guifei viveu no século 8 e era a amada consorte do imperador Xuanzong de Tang. Dizia-se que ela tinha um rosto que envergonhava todas as flores. O imperador Xuanzong a adorava tanto que ela foi capaz de persuadi-lo a nomear seu primo, Yang Guozhong, chanceler principal. Durante a Rebelião de An Lushan, enquanto o imperador Xuanzong e seu cortejo fugiam da capital Chang'an para Chengdu, os guardas do imperador exigiram que ele matasse Yang Guifei porque culparam seu primo Yang Guozhong e o resto de sua família pela rebelião. O imperador capitulou e relutantemente ordenou que seu assistente Gao Lishi estrangulasse Yang até a morte. Yang Guifei se tornou uma figura trágica em representações posteriores. Particularmente influente foi o longo poema do poeta Tang Bai Juyi, "Chang hen ge" ("Canção da Tristeza Eterna").

Expressões idiomáticas
Expressões bem conhecidas descrevem as Quatro Belezas.  A origem exata dessas expressões é debatida.

Referências

Cultura da China
Listas de mulheres
!Artigos com texto em chinês

Quatro belezas


Die Liste der denkmalgeschützten Objekte in Jalšové enthält das eine nach slowakischen Denkmalschutzvorschriften geschützte Objekt in der Gemeinde Jalšové im Okres Hlohovec.

Denkmäler

Legende

Einzelnachweise

!
Jalsove


ධම්මසංගණිප්පකරණය යනු අභිධර්ම පිටකයේ එන ග්‍රන්තයකි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 අභිධර්ම පිටකය

මූලාශ්‍ර

ධම්මසංගණිප්පකරණය


ديل السمكة فيلم اجتماعي مصري عرض عام 2003، بطولة عمرو واكد وحنان ترك، تأليف وحيد حامد وإخراج سمير سيف.

قصة الفيلم
أحمد يتم تعيينه ككشاف للنور... ومن هنا يبدأ في التجول في أنحاء المدينة، وحدث مفارقات كوميدية قوية جدا.. وخصوصا عندما يكتشف المهنة الأصلية لنور خطيبته.

بطولة
 عمرو واكد
 حنان ترك
 سري النجار
 محسنة توفيق
 عبد الرحمن أبو زهرة
 سوسن بدر
 رؤوف مصطفى
 فريدة سيف النصر
 محمد التاجي

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أفلام حنان ترك
أفلام عمرو واكد
أفلام مصرية إنتاج 2003
أفلام وحيد حامد
أفلام سوسن بدر
أفلام فريدة سيف النصر
أفلام عبد الرحمن أبو زهرة
أفلام أخرجها سمير سيف
أفلام أحمد عقل

ديل السمكة (فيلم)


شارل الأول ملك نابولي  أو كارلو الأول أنجو (21 مارس 1226 - فودجا، 7 يناير 1285) كونت أنجو وماين، وكونت بروفنس، وملك صقلية، وملك نابولي، وأمير تارانتو، وملك ألبانيا، وأمير أخايا، كما حمل اسمياً صفة ملك مملكة بيت المقدس.

مطلع حياته

طفولة
كان شارل أصغر أطفال لويس الثامن ملك فرنسا وبلانكا القشتالية. لم يُسجل تاريخ ولادته، ولكن ربما وُلد بعد وفاة أبيه، وُلد في أوائل عام 1227. شارل هو الابن الوحيد الذي بقي على قيد الحياة من أبناء لويس «ولد في الأرجوانية» (بعد تتويج والده)، وهي حقيقة أكدها كثيرًا في شبابه، وفقًا لماثيو باريس. كان أول شخص من أسرة كابيه يُسمى على اسم الملك شارلمان.

أراد لويس أن يُجهز أبنائه الصغار للعمل في الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية. تفاصيل دروس شارل غير معروفة، لكنه حصل على تعليم جيد. فهم المذاهب الكاثوليكية الرئيسية ويمكنه تحديد الأخطاء في النصوص اللاتينية. وُثق شغفه بالشعر والعلوم الطبية والقانون بشكل جيد.

قال شارل إن لوالدتهم تأثير قوي على تعليم أطفالها. في الواقع، كانت بلانكا منشغلة تمامًا بإدارة الدولة، ومن المحتمل تخصيصها القليل من الوقت لأطفالها الصغار. عاش شارل في بلاط شقيقه روبرت الأول، كونت أرتوا، منذ عام 1237. وبعد حوالي أربع سنوات، وُضع تحت رعاية أخيه الأصغر ألفونسو، كونت بواتييه. أظهرت مشاركته في حملة إخوانه العسكرية ضد هيو العاشر من سلالة لوزينيان، كونت مقاطعة لا مارش، في عام 1242 أنه لم يعد مقدرًا للعمل في الكنيسة.

إمبراطورية البحر الأبيض المتوسط

إيطاليا
تُوفيت زوجة شارل، بياتريس من بروفانس، في يوليو عام 1267. تزوجت شارل الأرمل من مارغريت من نيفير في نوفمبر عام 1268. كانت وريثة  لوالدها، أودو الابن الأكبر لهيو الرابع، دوق بورغوندي. تُوفي كليمنت السابع في 29 نوفمبر عام 1268. استمر المكان شاغرًا لمدة ثلاث سنوات، مما عزز من سلطة شارل في إيطاليا، لكنه حرمه أيضًا من الدعم الكنسي الذي لا يمكن إلا للبابا تقديمه.

عاد شارل إلى لوتشرا لتوجيه حصاره بشكل شخصي في أبريل عام 1269. قاوم الساراكينوس والغيبليون الذين هربوا إلى المدينة حتى أجبرهم الجوع على الاستسلام في أغسطس عام 1269. أرسل شارل فيليب وجاي من مونفورت إلى صقلية لإجبار المتمردين على التسليم، لكنهم لم يتمكنوا من الاستيلاء على أوغوستا. جعل شارل وليام ليساندارت قائد الجيش في صقلية في أغسطس عام 1269. استولى ليساندارت على جرجنت، مما أجبر فريدريك من قشتالة وفريدريك لانسيا على طلب اللجوء إلى تونس. بعد انتصار ليساندارت اللاحق في شاكا، قاومت كابيس فقط، لكنه كان عليه أيضًا الاستسلام في أوائل عام 1270.

أجبرت قوات شارل سيينا وبيزا - آخر المدن المقاومة له في توسكانا - على رفع دعوى سلام في أغسطس عام 1270. منح امتيازات للتجار والمصرفيين التوسكانيين مما عزز وضعهم في المملكة. كان نفوذه يتراجع في لومبارديا، لأن المدن اللومباردية لم تعد تخشَ غزوًا من ألمانيا. في مايو عام 1269 أرسل شارل والتر من لاروش لتمثيله في المقاطعة، لكن هذا فشل في تعزيز سلطته. في أكتوبر دعا مسؤولو شارل إلى عقد اجتماع في كريمونا، ودعوا مدن لومبارديا للحضور. قبلت مدن لومبارديا الدعوة، لكن بعض المدن - ميلان وبولونيا وألساندريا وتورتونا - أكدت تحالفها مع شارل فقط، دون الاعتراف بحكمه.

الحملة الصليبية الثامنة
لم يتخل شقيقه الأكبر لويس التاسع أبدًا عن فكرة تحرير القدس، لكنه قرر أن يبدأ حملته الصليبية الجديدة بحملة عسكرية ضد تونس. بحسب معترفه، جيوفري من بوليو، كان لويس مقتنعًا بأن أبا عبد الله محمد المستنصر التونسي مستعد للتحول إلى المسيحية. ذكر المؤرخ سابا مالاسبينا من القرن الثالث عشر أن شارل أقنع لويس بمهاجمة تونس، لأنه أراد ضمان دفع الجزية التي دفعها حكام تونس إلى الملوك الصقليين السابقين.

دخل الصليبيون الفرنسيون إج مورت في 2 يوليو عام 1270؛ غادر شارل نابولي بعد ذلك بستة أيام. أمضى أكثر من شهر في صقلية، ينتظر أسطوله. في الوقت الذي وصل فيه إلى تونس في 25 أغسطس، أهلك الزحار وحمى التيفوئيد الجيش الفرنسي. تُوفي لويس يوم وصول شارل.

هزم الصليبيون جيش المستنصر مرتين، وأجبروه على رفع دعوى من أجل السلام. طبقًا لمعاهدة السلام الموقعة في 1 نوفمبر، وافق المستنصر على تعويض ابن لويس وخليفته فيليب الثالث ملك فرنسا وشارل بنفقات الحملة العسكرية بالكامل وإطلاق سراح سجنائه المسيحيين. وعد أيضًا بدفع جزية سنوية لشارل وطرد معارضي شارل من تونس. مكّن الذهب الموجود في تونس، إلى جانب الفضة من المنجم الذي اُفتتح حديثًا في لونجوبوكو، شارل من سك العملات المعدنية الجديدة، المعروفة باسم كارليني، في المملكة.

غادر شارل وفيليب تونس في 10 نوفمبر. فرقت عاصفة أسطولهم في تراباني وفُقدت أو تضررت معظم قادسات شارل. كما غرقت السفن الجنوية العائدة من الحملة الصليبية أو أجبرت على الرسو عند شاطئ صقلية. استولى شارل على السفن المتضررة وحمولتها، متجاهلًا جميع الاحتجاجات من السلطات الغيبيلية في جنوة. قبل مغادرة صقلية منح امتيازات ضريبية مؤقتة للصقليين، لأنه أدرك أن غزو الجزيرة قد تسبب في الكثير من الدمار.

محاولات للتوسع
رافق شارل فيليب الثالث حتى فيتيربو في مارس عام 1271. هنا فشلوا في إقناع الكرادلة بانتخاب بابا جديد. مرض شقيق شارل، ألفونس بواتييه. بعث شارل أفضل أطبائه لعلاجه، لكن ألفونس تُوفي. طالب بالجزء الأكبر من ميراث ألفونس، بما في ذلك بروفنس ومقاطعة بواتييه، لأنه كان أقرب أقرباء ألفونس. بعد اعتراض فيليب الثالث، رفع القضية إلى برلمان باريس. في عام 1284، قضت المحكمة باستيراث الدولة الفرنسية الإقطاعات إذا مات حكامهم بدون أحفاد.

دمر زلزال جدران دوريس في أواخر الستينيات أو أوائل السبعينيات من القرن الثالث عشر. استولت قوات شارل على المدينة بمساعدة قادة الجاليات الألبانية المجاورة. أبرم شارل اتفاقية مع القادة الألبان، ووعد بحمايتهم وحماية حرية المعتقد في فبراير عام 1272. اتخذ لقب ملك ألبانيا وعين جازو تشيناردو نائبًا له. كما أرسل أسطوله إلى أخايا للدفاع عن الأمارة ضد الهجمات البيزنطية.

أسرع شارل إلى روما لحضور تتويج البابا غريغوري العاشر في 27 مارس عام 1272. كان البابا الجديد مصممًا على وضع حد للصراعات بين الغويلفيين والغيبلينيين. أثناء وجوده في روما، التقى شارل بقادة غويلف الذين نُفوا من جنوة. بعد عرضهم عليه منصب قائد الشعب، وعد شارل بمساعدتهم عسكريًا. في نوفمبر عام 1272، أمر شارل مسؤوليه بأخذ جميع الجنويين السجناء داخل أراضيه، باستثناء الغويلفيين، والاستيلاء على ممتلكاتهم. احتل أسطوله أجاكسيو في كورسيكا. أدان البابا غريغوري سياسته العدوانية، لكنه اقترح أن ينتخب الجنويون مسؤولي غويلف. متجاهلين اقتراح البابا، تحالف الجنويون مع ألفونسو العاشر ملك قشتالة وويليام السابع من مونفيراتو ومدن لومباردي الغيبيلية في أكتوبر عام 1273.

منع الصراع مع جنوا شارل من غزو الإمبراطورية البيزنطية، لكنه استمر في تشكيل تحالفات في شبه جزيرة البلقان. كان الحاكم البلغاري قسطنطين تيه أول من أبرم معاهدة معه في عام 1272 أو عام 1273. انضم جون الأول دوكاس ملك ثيثالي وستيفان أوروس الأول ملك صربيا إلى التحالف في عام 1273. ومع ذلك، منع البابا غريغوري شارل من الهجوم، لأنه كان يأمل في توحيد الكنائس الأرثوذكسية والكاثوليكية بمساعدة الإمبراطور ميخائيل الثامن.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

|-
| width="30%" align="center" rowspan="2"| سبقه:مانفريد
| width="40%" align="center" | ملك صقلية 1266 - 1282
| width="30%" align="center" | تبعه:بيدرو الأول
|-
| width="40%" align="center" | ملك نابولي1266 - 1285
| width="30%" align="center" rowspan="5" | كارلو الثاني
|-
| width="30%" align="center" | كيان جديد
| width="40%" align="center" | ملك ألبانيا1272 - 1285
|-
| width="30%" align="center" | ويليام الثاني
| width="40%" align="center" | أمير أكايا1278 - 1285
|-
| width="30%" align="center" | ريمون بيرنغير الرابع كونت بروفانس
| width="40%" align="center" | كونت بروفنس وفوركالكييه1246 - 1285
|-
| width="30%" align="center" | جون كونت أنجو
| width="40%" align="center" | كونت أنجو وماين1247 - 1285

روابط خارجية

مراجع

آل أنجو الكابيتيون
أمراء آخايا
القرن 13 في مملكة ألبانيا (28-1939)
سجناء ومعتقلون في الدولة العباسية
شارل الأول ملك نابولي
شخصيات في ديكاميرون
صليبيو الحملة الصليبية التاسعة
صليبيو الحملة الصليبية الثامنة
صليبيو الحملة الصليبية السابعة
صليبيو الحملة الصليبية السادسة
كونتات أنجو
كونتات بروفنس
لويس الثامن ملك فرنسا
مدفونون في بازليك سان دينيس
ملكيون من نابولي القرن 13
ملكيون من نابولي
ملوك ألبانيا
ملوك صقلية القرن 13
ملوك صقلية
ملوك مملكة بيت المقدس
ملوك نابولي
مواليد 1226
مواليد 1227
مواليد في باريس
وفيات 1285
وفيات في فودجا

شارل الأول ملك نابولي


MGP 2018 var  den 18. årlige MGP-sangkonkurrence for håbefulde sangere i alderen 8 til 15 år, der blev afholdt den 17. februar 2018 i Gigantium i Aalborg. Værterne var Mette Lindberg og Kristian Gintberg.

Mille vandt konkurrencen med sangen "Til Næste År" med 42% procent af seernes stemmer.

Deltagerne blev afsløret den 19. januar 2018.

Deltagere

Superfinale
I superfinalen skal de tre mest populære fra første runde synge igen, og seerne stemme endnu engang, hvorved den endelige vinder bliver fundet og får en pokal.

Noter

2018
Begivenheder i 2018

MGP 2018