Der Große Preis von Australien 2012 (offiziell 2012 Formula 1 Qantas Australian Grand Prix) fand am 18. März auf dem Albert Park Circuit in Melbourne statt und war das erste Rennen der Formel-1-Weltmeisterschaft 2012.

Berichte

Hintergrund

Dieses Jahr gab es beim Großen Preis von Australien statt nur einer zwei DRS-Zonen. So sollten mehr Überholmanöver generiert werden. Dabei befand sich die erste Zone (795 m) wieder auf der Start-Ziel-Geraden. Die zweite Zone (510 m) war auf der anschließenden Geraden zwischen der Brabham und der Whiteford. Für beide DRS-Zonen gab es einen einzigen Messpunkt. Dieser befand sich vor der Stewart-Kurve.

Die optisch markanteste Änderung dieser Saison war eine Senkung der Maximalhöhe der Karosserie 15 cm vor dem Monocoque von 62,5 cm auf 55 cm, welche von den meisten Teams mit einem "Nasenhöcker" gelöst wurde. Lediglich der McLaren MP4-27 und der Marussia MR01 gingen ohne den Höcker an den Start.

Beim Großen Preis von Australien stellte Pirelli den Fahrern die Reifenmischungen P Zero Medium (weiß) und P Zero Soft (gelb), sowie für nasse Bedingungen Cinturato Intermediates (grün) und Cinturato Full-Wets (blau) zur Verfügung.

Mit der Rückkehr von Kimi Räikkönen traten in dieser Saison sechs Fahrer mit jeweils mindestens einem Weltmeistertitel an. Dies waren mit Michael Schumacher, Fernando Alonso, Lewis Hamilton, Jenson Button und Sebastian Vettel alle Weltmeister seit 2000.

Drei Teams wechselten zu dieser Saison ihren Chassisnamen: Renault trat 2012 als Lotus F1 Team, das ehemalige Team Lotus als Caterham F1 Team und Virgin als Marussia F1 Team an. Die Anteilsverhältnisse in den Teams blieben jedoch unverändert.

Bei Williams löste Renault Cosworth als Motorenhersteller ab. Williams erzielte seinen letzten Konstrukteursweltmeistertitel 1997 mit Renault-Motoren.

Charles Pic (Marussia) und Jean-Éric Vergne (Toro Rosso) gaben ihr Formel-1-Debüt. Romain Grosjean (Lotus), Nico Hülkenberg (Force India), Narain Karthikeyan (HRT), Räikkönen (Lotus) und Pedro de la Rosa (HRT) kehrten in die Formel 1 zurück. Witali Petrow (Caterham), Daniel Ricciardo (Toro Rosso) und Bruno Senna (Williams) starteten erstmals für ihre neuen Teams.

Zum ersten Mal seit dem Großen Preis von Deutschland 1973 nahm kein italienischer Fahrer an einem Formel-1-Grand-Prix teil.

Als Rennstewards bei diesem Grand Prix fungierten Steve Chopping (AUS), Paul Gutjahr (SUI), Johnny Herbert (GBR) und Vincenzo Spano (VEN).

Der "passive F-Schacht" des Mercedes F1 W03 wurde im Rahmen der technischen Abnahme am Donnerstag vor dem Rennen von den Rennkommissaren als legal beurteilt. Die Teams von Red Bull und Lotus kündigten gegenüber Charlie Whiting an, unter Umständen Protest gegen die Wertung einzulegen. In diesem Fall wären die Ergebnisse des Rennens provisorisch, das Internationale Berufungsgericht der FIA würde sich im Nachhinein mit der Frage der Legalität beschäftigen. Sowohl Lotus, als auch Red Bull verzichteten nach dem Rennen auf einen Protest.

Mit Schumacher (viermal), Button (zweimal), Alonso, Räikkönen, Hamilton und Vettel (jeweils einmal) traten sechs ehemalige Sieger zu diesem Grand Prix an.

Training
Im ersten freien Training erzielte Button die Bestzeit vor seinem McLaren-Teamkollegen Hamilton und Schumacher. Das Training fand zunächst unter nassen Bedingungen statt, allerdings trocknete die Strecke ab und die Fahrer verwendeten schließlich Slicks. Der HRT F112 und der Marussia MR01 wurden in diesem Training erstmals bei einem offiziellen Formel-1-Training eingesetzt. Der HRT F112 von de la Rosa wurde erst kurz vor Beginn des ersten Trainings abgenommen. Da das Auto aber noch nicht komplett fertig war, kam er nicht zum Einsatz. Sein Teamkollege Karthikeyan fiel nach drei Runden mit technischen Problemen aus. Neben den HRT-Piloten waren auch bei Marussia-Fahrer nicht innerhalb der 107-Prozent-Regel.

Auch im zweiten freien Training begann die Session auf nasser Strecke. Zum Ende hin trocknete es ab und die Piloten setzen die Bestzeiten auf Slicks. Schumacher erzielte die schnellste Rundenzeit vor Hülkenberg und Sergio Pérez. Außer den HRT-Piloten schafften alle Fahrer eine Zeit innerhalb der 107-Prozent-Regel. De la Rosa absolvierte in diesem Training seine erste Runde. Im dritten freien Training übernahm Hamilton die Führung vor Grosjean und Mark Webber. Es gelang außer den HRT-Piloten allen Fahrern eine Zeit innerhalb der 107-Prozent-Regel.

Qualifying

Im ersten Segment des Qualifyings fuhr Kamui Kobayashi die schnellste Zeit vor Vergne und Grosjean. Die HRT-Piloten schafften beide keine Zeit innerhalb der 107-Prozent-Regel und scheiterten somit an der Qualifikation. Darüber hinaus gelang den Marussia- und Caterham-Piloten sowie Räikkönen nicht der Sprung ins zweite Segment. Der zweite Abschnitt wurde nach einem Ausritt Alonsos unterbrochen. Alonso hatte auf der Start-Ziel-Geraden die Kontrolle über sein Fahrzeug verloren und drehte sich ins Kiesbett der Jones-Kurve. Nico Rosberg war schließlich der schnellste Pilot vor Schumacher und Hamilton. Neben Alonso schieden die Sauber-Piloten sowie Felipe Massa, Paul di Resta, Senna und Vergne aus. Im letzten Segment fuhr Hamilton schließlich zur Pole-Position vor seinem Teamkollegen Button und Grosjean.

Nach dem Qualifying musste Sauber das Getriebe bei Pérez wechseln, was zu einer Rückversetzung um fünf Positionen führte. HRT, deren Piloten sich nicht qualifiziert hatten, beantragten bei der Rennleitung eine Sonder-Starterlaubnis. Die Rennkommissare erteilten diese nicht.

Rennen

Beim Start übernahm Button die Führung von Hamilton. Grosjean startete nicht gut und verlor in der ersten Runde einige Positionen. Gut gestartet waren hingegen die Ferrari-Piloten Alonso und Massa, die von weiter hinten ins Rennen gingen. Im Mittelfeld kam es zu einer Kollision, in die Hülkenberg, Ricciardo und Senna verwickelt waren. Während Ricciardo und Senna es zurück an die Box schafften und weiterfuhren, schied Hülkenberg aus. Eine Runde später kam es zu einem Duell zwischen Pastor Maldonado und Grosjean. In der schnellen Kurvenkombination 11-12 versuchte Maldonado ein Überholmanöver und Grosjean gab nicht nach. Die beiden Piloten berührten sich und Grosjean beschädigte sich dabei sein Vorderradaufhängung. Dieser musste das Rennen darauf beenden.

Während die McLaren-Piloten sich an der Spitze absetzen und auch Button den Vorsprung auf Hamilton ausbaute, arbeitete sich Vettel nach vorne. Zunächst überholte er Rosberg und schloss anschließend auf den drittplatzierten Schumacher auf. Zu einem längeren Duell kam es allerdings nicht, da Schumacher in der elften Runde mit Getriebeproblemen ausschied.

Kurz darauf begann die Phase der ersten Boxenstopps, wobei sich die Fahrer für unterschiedliche Strategien entschieden. Die meisten Piloten waren mit der Reifenmischung Soft gestartet. Die führenden McLaren sowie Alonso und Webber wechselten auf die härtere Mischung, Rosberg und Vettel entschieden sich für einen weiteren Satz der weicheren Reifenmischung.

In der Zwischenzeit lag Pérez, der vom letzten Startplatz ins Rennen ging, auf dem zweiten Platz. Er entschied sich dafür, zunächst die härtere Reifenmischung zu verwenden und hatte zu dem Zeitpunkt noch keinen Stopp absolviert. Er blieb jedoch nicht lange auf dieser Position und wurde von Hamilton, Vettel, Alonso und Rosberg überholt. Er wechselte schließlich auf die weichere Reifenmischung. Es blieb sein einziger Boxenstopp.

Schließlich begann Massa abermals die Phase der Boxenstopps derjenigen Piloten, die zweimal stoppen wollten. Nachdem Button und Hamilton an der Box waren, kam es zu einer Safety-Car-Phase. Petrow war zuvor mit technischen Problemen auf der Start-Ziel-Geraden liegen geblieben. Zur Bergung des Fahrzeugs musste das Safety Car auf die Strecke. Unter gelb absolvierten schließlich alle Piloten ihren letzten planmäßigen Boxenstopp. Button lag in Führung vor Vettel, Hamilton, Webber, Alonso, Maldonado, Pérez, Rosberg, Räikkönen und Kobayashi. Bevor das Rennen wieder freigegeben wurde, musste auch Petrows Caterham-Teamkollege Kovalainen an der Box mit technischen Problemen aufgeben.

Beim Restart gelang es Button, sich sofort von Vettel abzusetzen. Während die Positionen auf den vorderen Plätzen unverändert blieben, kam es im hinteren Teil des Feldes zu einer Kollision zwischen Senna und Massa. Beide Piloten mussten das Rennen infolgedessen an der Box aufgeben, wobei Senna zuvor noch einige Runden fahren konnte.

Button lag in der Schlussphase mit mehreren Sekunden Vorsprung vor Vettel, der Hamilton und Webber dichter hinter sich hatte. Alonso und Maldonado fuhren sehr dicht hintereinander her, ein Überholmanöver konnte Maldonado allerdings nicht durchführen.

Die letzte Runde des Grand Prix war turbulent. Während Button ungefährdet vor Vettel, Hamilton, Webber und Alonso gewann, machte Maldonado einen Fahrfehler in Höhe der Lauda-Kurve. Ihm war beim Beschleunigen das Heck ausgebrochen und er fuhr in die Streckenbegrenzung. Er blieb unverletzt.

Um die weiteren Positionen gab es noch mehrere enge Duelle in der letzten Runde. Rosberg und Pérez berührten sich dabei. Infolgedessen erlitt Rosberg einen Reifenschaden und fiel aus den Punkterängen hinaus. Kobayashi wurde schließlich Sechster vor Räikkönen, Pérez, Ricciardo und di Resta. Ricciardo erzielte bei seinem ersten Rennen für Toro Rosso seine ersten Punkte in der Formel 1. Beinahe wäre dies auch seinem Teamkollegen Vergne gelungen, doch dieser verlor den zehnten Platz in der letzten Kurve an di Resta. Pic, neben Vergne der zweite Debütant, wurde auf dem 15. Platz gewertet.

Meldeliste

Klassifikationen

Qualifying

Anmerkungen

Rennen

Anmerkungen

WM-Stände nach dem Rennen
Die ersten zehn des Rennens bekamen 25, 18, 15, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 bzw. 1 Punkt(e).

Fahrerwertung

Konstrukteurswertung

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

 Wochenendstatistiken bei Motorsport-Total.com

2012
Australien
Sportveranstaltung in Melbourne
Albert Park Circuit

Großer Preis von Australien 2012


An Kegeliella kupperi in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Rudolf Mansfeld. An Kegeliella kupperi in nahilalakip ha genus nga Kegeliella, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Kegeliella

Kegeliella kupperi


Veronika Valerievna Tsepkalo (en  ; en , Vieranika Valieriewna Tsapkala), née le  à Mahiliow, est une figure de l'opposition biélorusse à Alexandre Loukachenko.

Biographie

Vie privée
Mariée avec Valéri Tsepkalo, elle est mère de jumeaux.

Engagement politique
À l'été 2020, Veronika Tsepkalo rejoint la « révolution des femmes », un mouvement populaire qui l'érige en figure de l'opposition à Alexandre Loukachenko aux côtés de Svetlana Tikhanovskaïa et Maria Kolesnikova. Les trois femmes parlent au nom de leur mari ou, pour Maria Kolesnikova, du candidat dont elle était directrice de campagne, les trois hommes étant emprisonnés ou exilés par le régime biélorusse.

Son engagement vaut à Veronika Tsepkalo de s'exiler à Moscou puis à Varsovie. Le régime biélorusse tente de priver les époux Tsepkalo de l'autorité parentale sur leurs enfants en diffusant des accusations mensongères à leur propos.

En décembre 2020, elle reçoit, au nom de l'opposition biélorusse, le prix Sakharov du Parlement européen.

Le , les trois femmes sont également lauréates du prix Fritz-Csoklich remis par le .

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Opposition en Biélorussie
 Administration nationale anti-crise

Liens externes

Naissance en septembre 1972
Naissance à Moguilev
Droits de l'homme en Biélorussie

Veronika Tsepkalo


Portway House est une maison de ville classée Grade I à Warminster, dans le Wiltshire, en Angleterre.

Histoire
La maison est construite en 1722 pour le riche drapier Edward Middlecott, le domaine (alors appelé Newport) ayant été acheté par son ancêtre Richard Middlecott par étapes entre 1559 et 1568. Il remplace le manoir de Newport, sur un terrain appartenant à la famille Mauduit du  au .

Construit en pierre de taille de Bath, le bloc central de sept travées a un sous-sol et trois étages, et est flanqué des deux côtés d'ailes à deux étages qui ont probablement été ajoutées à la fin du .

La maison est classée Grade I en 1952; l'écran de ferronnerie de 1760 et la passerelle centrale au bord de la route sont classés Grade II. Pevsner décrit la maison comme "majestueuse mais plutôt sombre" mais fait l'éloge de la ferronnerie.

Elle sert de maison de dot à Longleat de 1820 à 1920. En 1955, elle est achetée par le conseil du district urbain de Warminster pour en faire des bureaux et, à partir de 1958, abrite la bibliothèque publique de la ville. Le bâtiment est vendu après la suppression du conseil en 1978, et converti en appartements.

Références

Liens externes

Monument classé de Grade I dans le Wiltshire

Portway House


California es una estación en la línea Rosa del Metro de Chicago. La estación se encuentra localizada en 2011 South California Avenue en Chicago, Illinois. La estación California fue inaugurada el 10 de marzo de 1902.  La Autoridad de Tránsito de Chicago es la encargada por el mantenimiento y administración de la estación.

Descripción
La estación California cuenta con 1 plataforma central y 2 vías.

Conexiones
La estación es abastecida por las siguientes conexiones de autobuses:
 Rutas del CTA Buses: #21 Cermak, #94 South California

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Estación California

 Líneas y estaciones del Metro de ChicagoEstaciones del Metro de Chicago
Arquitectura de Estados Unidos de 1902
Estaciones de la línea Rosa (Metro de Chicago)
Estaciones de ferrocarril inauguradas en 1902

California (línea Rosa)


Le William M. Black est une drague à pelle à propulsion à vapeur, servant maintenant de navire musée dans le port de Dubuque dans l'Iowa. Construite en 1934, elle fait partie du petit nombre de dragues à vapeur survivantes et de l'une des quatre dragues survivantes du Corps du génie de l'armée des États-Unis. Elle est ouverte aux visites dans le cadre du National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium.

Historique
William M. Black a une coque en acier riveté. Sa cale a une profondeur de 2,6 m et le navire a une proue en forme de chaland et n'a pas de quille. Sa superstructure a trois ponts et le système de drague est monté à l'avant, avec des câbles de treuil de chaque côté pour maintenir le navire en place pendant les opérations de dragage. La pompe qui actionnait la drague était située dans une position avancée, avec sa centrale à vapeur située juste à l'arrière de sa position. L'une des roues à aubes du navire a été retirée et est exposée sur le terrain du musée.

William M. Black est l'un des derniers bateaux à vapeur à roue à aubes construits aux États-Unis, a été utilisé principalement le long de la rivière Missouri. Il avait un équipage de 49 personnes et draguait jusqu'à 61.000 m3 de matériaux par jour. Il a été mis hors service en 1973 parce qu'il consommait jusqu'à 26.000 litres de pétrole lourd chaque jour, ce qui est devenu prohibitif pendant le premier choc pétrolier de 1973.

Préservation
Il a été classé au registre national des lieux historiques le 12 avril 1982 et nommé National Historic Landmark le 27 avril 1992.

Voir aussi

Notes et références

Liens internes

 George M. Verity (pousseur)
 Lone Star (pousseur)

Liens externes

  William M. Black - Site City of Dubuque
 National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium

Bateau lancé en 1934
Navire construit en Virginie
Navire musée en Iowa
Bateau inscrit au Registre national des lieux historiques en Iowa
Registre national des lieux historiques en 1989
Bateau classé National Historic Landmark
National Historic Landmark en Iowa
National Historic Landmark en 1992
Dubuque (Iowa)

William M. Black (drague)


Almyros or Halmyros (, , , ) is a town and a municipality of the regional unit of Magnesia, region of Thessaly, Greece. It lies in the center of prosperous fertile plain known as 'Krokio Pedio', which is crossed by torrents. Almyros is an important agricultural and commercial center of Magnesia, and is also developing as a tourist center for the area. The main agricultural products are tomatoes, cotton, wheat, almonds, peanuts and pistachio nuts.

History

The history of Almyros begins with the ancient city of Alos (about 10 km [6.2 mi] south of Almyros), the ruins of which can still be visited. Alos was a very important and populous town, famous for its port and for its role in the Persian Wars. After the Byzantine Empire, because of pirate raids, they built the town in the place that it is today.

Halmyros was the site of the decisive Battle of Halmyros on 15 March 1311, where the Catalan Company shattered the assembled feudal armies of Frankish Greece and conquered the Duchy of Athens.

In 1838, the settlement was described as being "a Turkish town, situated on the western coast of the Pagasitic Gulf, half an hour's journey inland, on the Plain of Krokios, and consisting of some 300 dwellings. It is chiefly inhabited by Turks, with only a few Christian settlers, who cultivate the lands of the Turks residing there". The Ottoman Empire ceded most of Thessaly in 1881, followed by development and repopulation by Greeks.

In 1980 a catastrophic magnitude 6.5 earthquake destroyed most of the town.

Municipality
The municipality Almyros was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
Almyros
Anavra
Pteleos
Sourpi

The municipality has an area of 905.4 km2 (349.6 sq mi), the municipal unit 473.940 km2 (183 sq mi).

Subdivisions
The municipal unit of Almyros is divided into the following communities: Almyros, Efxeinoupoli, Anthotopos, Kokkotoi, Kroki, Kofoi, Platanos, and Fylaki.

Province
The province of Almyros () was one of the provinces of Magnesia. It had the same territory as the present municipality. It was abolished in 2006.

Landmarks
The Archaeological Museum of Almyros includes local artifacts and exhibits from the Neolithic period, through Mycenean, Geometric, Classical, Hellenistic periods, and later Roman years. Opposite the museum is the old High School, the Gymnasium of Almyros, which is a classic monumental building from the beginning of the 20th century. The Museum and Gymnasium are the oldest buildings in the area.
The Kouri forest, about 2 km from the town of Almyros, at an elevation of 75 m (246 ft), encompasses 108 ha (266.9 acres) of lowland oak forest. The forest is flat (elevation gradient is less than 2%). Oaks belong to the species: Quercus pubescens, Quercus aegilops, Quercus pedunculiflora. There are footpaths, as well as a miniature train for a brief tour through the woods and over small bridges.
The area is important to migratory birds, such as the mute swan, spoonbill, glossy ibis, and various herons.
South of the town are the moderately wooded Othrys mountains. 17 km (10.6 mi) from the town of Almyros but still in Almyros province, high in the Othrys mountains, is the 12th century Monastery of Panagia Xenia, with wall paintings, treasuries, and a library.
There are several sandy beaches in the municipality of Almyros.
Almyros has three main churches: Agios Dimitrios, Agios Nikolaos and Evangelistria.

Geography
Almyros is situated near the western end of the Pagasetic Gulf, 25 km (15.5 mi) southwest of Volos. Motorway 1 (Athens – Thessaloniki) passes east of the town Almyros.

Climate

Historical population

References

External links

Almyros Newspaper
Agios Dimitrios Church in Almyros TrekEarth. Site includes several dozen photographs in and around Almyros, including the Kouri forest, Monastery of Panagia Xenia, and Almyros beach.
The Jewish Community of Volos "KIS, the Central Board of Jewish Communities in Greece" website. Includes history of Jewish communities in the Almyros region.

Populated places in Magnesia (regional unit)
Municipalities of Thessaly

Provinces of Greece

Almyros


Henrik Sullyjski (Henry de Sully; † 1189.) bio je fécampski opat.

Henrikovi su roditelji bili sullyjski grof Vilim – brat engleskog kralja Stjepana – i Vilimova supruga, Agneza Sullyjska, koja je bila dio društva Vilimove majke, Adele Normanske. Premda je Vilim bio najstariji sin gospe Adele i njenog muža, Stjepana, grofa Bloisa, Vilimov je brat Teobald postao šampanjski grof nakon očeve smrti.

Henrik je bio redovnik u opatiji Cluny.

Izvori

Francuski katolički svećenici

Henrik Sullyjski (umro 1189.)


Der Gerichtsbezirk Güssing ist einer von sechs Gerichtsbezirken im Burgenland und umfasst die gesamten Bezirke Güssing und Jennersdorf. Der übergeordnete Gerichtshof ist das Landesgericht Eisenstadt.

Am 1. Jänner 2018 wurde das Bezirksgericht Jennersdorf aufgelöst und die Gemeinden dem Gerichtsbezirk Güssing zugeschlagen.

Gerichtssprengel
Der Gerichtssprengel Güssing umfasst alle 28 Gemeinden des politischen Bezirks Güssing sowie alle 12 Gemeinden des politischen Bezirks Jennersdorf.
Einwohnerzahlen in Klammern, Stand:

Städte
 Güssing ()
 Jennersdorf ()

Marktgemeinden
 Bezirk Güssing
 Eberau ()
 Großmürbisch ()
 Güttenbach ()
 Kukmirn ()
 Sankt Michael im Burgenland ()
 Stegersbach ()
 Stinatz ()
 Strem ()

 Bezirk Jennersdorf
 Deutsch Kaltenbrunn ()
 Heiligenkreuz im Lafnitztal ()
 Minihof-Liebau ()
 Mogersdorf ()
 Neuhaus am Klausenbach ()
 Rudersdorf ()
 Sankt Martin an der Raab ()

Gemeinden
 Bezirk Güssing
 Bildein ()
 Bocksdorf ()
 Burgauberg-Neudauberg ()
 Gerersdorf-Sulz ()
 Hackerberg ()
 Heiligenbrunn ()
 Heugraben ()
 Inzenhof ()
 Kleinmürbisch ()
 Moschendorf ()
 Neuberg im Burgenland ()
 Neustift bei Güssing ()
 Olbendorf ()
 Ollersdorf im Burgenland ()
 Rauchwart ()
 Rohr im Burgenland ()
 Tobaj ()
 Tschanigraben ()
 Wörterberg ()

 Bezirk Jennersdorf
 Eltendorf ()
 Königsdorf ()
 Mühlgraben ()
 Weichselbaum ()

Siehe auch
 Gerichtsorganisation in Österreich
 Liste österreichischer Gerichte

Weblinks

 Gerichtssuche in der Gerichtsdatenbank des Bundesministeriums für Justiz

Einzelnachweise

Bezirk Güssing
Güssing

Gerichtsbezirk Güssing


Aloe bellatula es una especie del género Aloe endémica de Madagascar, donde se encuentra a una altitud de 1500 a 2000 , vegeta en un clima subhúmedo.

Descripción
Es una planta suculenta que crece formando rosetas desde la base, las largas hojas (alrededor de 25 cm) de color verde marmolado están festoneadas por pequeños dientes. La inflorescencia, que surge de un largo tallo, está formada por un racimo de pequeñas flores pendulares en forma de campana, de color rosa más o menos oscuro.

Taxonomía
Aloe bellatula fue descrita por Gilbert Westacott Reynolds y publicado en Journal of South African Botany 22: 132, en el año 1956.
Etimología
Ver: Aloe

bellatula: epíteto latino  que significa "preciosa".
Sinonimia
Guillauminia bellatula (Reynolds) P.V.Heath

Referencias

bellatula
Flora de Madagascar
Plantas descritas en 1956
Plantas descritas por Reynolds

Aloe bellatula


أُقْلِيشُ أو إقليش ، هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة قونكة إحدى مقاطعات إسبانيا، و التي تقع في منطقة قشتالة لا منتشا وسط البلاد، والمائلة لجهة الشرق من إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 257 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2007).

انظر أيضا
 معركة أقليش
 الأقليشي

المراجع

أماكن مأهولة في قونكة
بلديات قونكة

أقليش


La Copa Mundial de Voleibol Masculino 2011 de la FIVB fue la XII edición de este torneo. Se desarrolló del 20 de noviembre al 4 de diciembre, en Japón, y los tres primeros equipos clasificaron para los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012 y se unieron a Gran Bretaña, que ya se había asegurado un puesto como el país anfitrión.

Un total de 12 equipos formaron parte en el torneo, los cuales se clasificaron para el torneo a través de sus respectivas competiciones continentales.

Clasificación

Fueron 12 los equipos participantes.:

 El equipo local, en este caso .
 Los cinco campeones de sus respectivos campeonatos continentales en el 2011: , , ,  y
.
 Los 4 subcampeones mejores ubicados en el ranking mundial de la FIVB al 15 de enero del 2011: , ,
 y .

 2 wild cards o comodines elegidos por la FIVB y el Comité Organizador de entre los participantes de los campeonatos continentales del 2011 que resultaron ser  y .

Sedes

Sistema de competencia
El sistema de competencia de la Copa Mundial de Voleibol consiste en que cada equipo se enfrente a los otros 11 participantes. Los puntos se acumulan durante todo el torneo, y el ranking final es determinado según el número de puntos que cada equipo logró obtener.
La competencia consta de dos grupos de 6 equipos.
Fase 1 + 2 (30 partidos, 5 días): Los equipos juegan con los mismos del grupo.
Fase 3 + 4 (36 partidos, 6 días): Los equipos juegan contra los participantes del grupo contrario.

Grupos

{|
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</td>

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Resultados

1ª ronda

Grupo A: Nippon Gaishi Hall, Nagoya

Grupo B: Kagoshima Arena, Kagoshima

2ª ronda

Grupo A: Osaka Municipal Central Gymnasium, Osaka

Grupo B: Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium, Kumamoto

3ª ronda

Grupo A: Centro de convenciones de Fukuoka, Fukuoka

Grupo B: Hamamatsu Arena, Hamamatsu

4ª ronda

Grupo A: Yoyogi National Gymnasium, Tokio

Grupo B: Tokyo Metropolitan Gymnasium, Tokio

Posiciones

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|align=center|Segundo título|}

 Clasificación olímpica
 ,  y  se clasificaron para los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012.

 Premios individualeshttp://www.fivb.org/EN/volleyball/competitions/WorldCup/2011/Men/viewPressRelease.asp?No=33316 (en inglés)

 Jugador del torneo Maxim Mikhaylov

 Máximo anotador Fernando Hernández Ramos

 Mejor ataque Ahmed Abdelhay

 Mejor bloqueador Marcin Mozdzonek

 Mejor sacador Cristian Savani

 Mejor defensa Rosic Nikola

 Mejor armador Luciano De Cecco

 Mejor receptor Sérgio Dutra Santos

 Mejor líbero'''
 Qi Ren

Referencias

Véase también

Copa Mundial de Voleibol
Copa Mundial de Voleibol Femenino de 2011
Voleibol en los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012

Enlaces externos

 Equipos de las selecciones de la Copa del Mundo 2011
 Sitio web oficial(en inglés)
 Ranking oficial al 15-01-11(en inglés)

2011 Masculino
Voleibol en 2011
Voleibol masculino
Voleibol en los Juegos Olímpicos de Londres 2012
Deporte en Japón en 2011
Competiciones de voleibol en Japón

Copa Mundial de Voleibol Masculino de 2011


Vetlefjorden er en sidefjord til Fjærlandsfjorden på nordsiden af Sognefjorden i Sogndal kommune i Vestland fylke i Norge. Fjorden strækker sig 6 km mod nord til bebyggelsen Ulvastad i bygden Vetlefjorden.

Geografi
Fjorden har indløb mellem Kolven i sydvest og bebyggelsen Menes i nordøst. Lige indenfor indløbet ligger  bebyggelsen Farnes på vestsiden, og nord for Farnes går Sværafjorden nordvestover til bebyggelsen  Sværen. På vestsiden af Sværafjorden ligger bebyggelsen Dale med hængedalen Dalsdalen. På nordsiden af indløbet til Sværafjorden ligger bebyggelsen Torsnes. Fylkesvej 13 går langs hele vestsiden af fjorden.

Oplagringsplads
Vetlefjorden var under oliekrisen 1975-85 - med lukning af Suezkanalen - oplagsplads for nogle af verdens største olietankere.

Under coronapandemien lægges fem norskejede biltransportskibe på rad i den snævre fjordarm. Asian Emperor, 200 meter langt, med plads til 6.000 biler om bord, ankom først.

Noter

Kilder
 Vetlefjorden på norgeskart.no
Fjorde i Vestland
Balestrand

Vetlefjorden


Island Davaar or Davaar Island () is located at the mouth of Campbeltown Loch off the east coast of Kintyre, in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is a tidal island, linked to the mainland by a natural shingle causeway called the Doìrlinn near Campbeltown at low tide. The crossing can be made in around 40 minutes.

History
Davaar was known as the island of Sanct Barre between the years 1449 to 1508. The modern form Davaar is from older Do Bharre – thy St Barre. Dr Gillies in his "Place Names of Argyll" appears to accept the popular derivation, Double-pointed (Da-Bharr) Island.

In 1854,  was built on the north of the island by the lighthouse engineers David and Thomas Stevenson. The lighthouse was automated in 1983, and today, Davaar is inhabited by the caretakers of the Island who run the holiday cottages and oversee the farming activities including Rare breed sheep, and Highland Cattle. The island is also home to feral goats.

The Lookout, a square building standing on a small knoll close to the lighthouse, was built during World War II as one of the Royal Observer Corps' (ROC)'s four Kintyre observation posts. While the men and women of the ROC watched for enemy activity around the loch, the anti-submarine net (positioned between Davaar and Trench Point) was maintained by the wrens, officers, and ratings stationed in the Boom Defence Depot on the opposite shore.  Davaar's observation post has been restored and tastefully converted into a unique place to stay.

The island is also known for its seven caves, one of which contains a life size cave painting depicting the crucifixion, painted in 1887 by local artist Archibald MacKinnon after he had a vision in a dream suggesting him to do so. The painting caused uproar in the area as it was seen as a sign from God; it is said that when the townsfolk discovered it was MacKinnon, and not God, he was exiled from the town indefinitely. Restored several times since, including twice by the original artist, the painting was vandalised in July 2006, having a red and black depiction of Che Guevara painted over the original masterpiece. It has since been restored again.

Davaar Island is one of 43 tidal islands that can be walked to from the mainland of Great Britain and one of 17 that can be walked to from the Scottish mainland.

Davaar Island is owned by Kildalloig Estate, and forms part of the farming enterprise.

Staying on Davaar Island
There are four holiday cottages and cabins available for visitors to stay on Davaar Island.   The Lookout (WWII Observation Post) and The Principal Lighthouse Keeper's Cottage have been sympathetically converted into holiday cottages and in 2021 two glamping cabins were constructed on the east side of Davaar.

Stamps
Local stamps were issued for Davaar in the 1964. The stamps served the many visitors to the island who wished to have their mail posted there, and carried by the boatman to the nearest GPO Post Box at Campbeltown on the mainland. The boatman service ended some time in the 2000. Postage Rates were double those of the UK.

See also
 List of lighthouses in Scotland
 List of Northern Lighthouse Board lighthouses

References

External links

 Northern Lighthouse Board

Islands of the Clyde
Tidal islands of Scotland
Uninhabited islands of Argyll and Bute

Island Davaar


ගම් අරටු, ජිනදාස දික්මාදුගොඩ ශූරීන් විසින් රචිත කෘතියකි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 ජිනදාස දික්මාදුගොඩ

පොත්

ගම් අරටු


Foris steht für:

 Foris AG, ein deutscher Prozesskostenfinanzierer
 Foris Telecom

Foris oder Foriș ist der Familienname folgender Personen:
 Ștefan Foriș (1892–1946), ungarisch-rumänischer Kommunist und Journalist

Foris


Mytteriene på Spithead og Nore var to mytterier udført af søfolk fra Royal Navy i 1797.

Referencer

Mytterier
Englands historie

Mytteriene på Spithead og Nore


Rocky Balboa Senaryosunu, yapımcılığını, yönetmenliğini ve başrol oyunculuğunu Sylvester Stallone'nin yaptığı Amerikan spor drama filmidir. Stallone'un güçsüz boksör Rocky Balboa olarak rol aldığı film, 1990 yapımı Rocky V filminin devamı niteliğindedir ve 1976'da otuz yıl önce Akademi Ödüllü Rocky ile başlayan Rocky serisinin altıncı bölümüdür. Film, Philadelphia'da yaşayan dul, bokstan emekli olmuş, ve adını ölen eşinden almış "Adrian's" adlı yerel bir İtalyan restoranının sahibi ve işletmecisi olarak artık yaşlanmış bir Balboa'yı canlandırıyor.

Stallone'a göre, Rocky V'in yapımında "ihmalkâr" davranarak onu ve pek çok hayranını serinin varsayılan sonu yüzünden hayal kırıklığına uğrattığını söyledi. Stallone ayrıca Rocky Balboa'nın hikâyesinin son zamanlarda kendi mücadeleleri ve zaferleri ile paralel olduğundan bahsetti. Stallone'a ek olarak filmde Burt Young, Rocky'nin kayınbiraderi Paulie karakterini ve gerçek hayatta boksör olan Antonio Tarver, filmin ağır siklet şampiyonu Mason "The Line" Dixon'ı canlandırıyor. Boks organizatörü Lou DiBella filmde kendini oynuyor ve filmde Dixon'ın destekçisi olarak hareket ediyor. Milo Ventimiglia, Rocky'nin artık bir yetişkin olan oğlu Robert'ı canlandırıyor. Aynı zamanda orijinal filmdeki iki küçük karakterin bu filmde daha büyük rollere dönüşünü de içeriyor: Rocky'nin beladan uzaklaşmaya çalıştığı genç kadın Marie; ve Rocky'nin orijinal filmde dövüşürken gösterilen ilk rakibi olan Spider Rico filmde yer alıyor. Film ayrıca dizinin önceki bölümlerinden, özellikle de ilk bölümlerinden karakterlere ve nesnelere birçok referans içeriyor.

Rocky'nin (1976) gösterime girmesinden 30 yıl sonra, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Columbia Pictures ve Revolution Studios tarafından 20 Aralık 2006'da vizyona giren film, gişe beklentilerini fazlasıyla olumlu eleştirilerle karşılaştı. Film çeşitli formatlarda yayınlandı ve DVD satışları 34 milyon doları aştı. Ardından Ryan Coogler'ın yönettiği 2015 yapımı Creed filmi ve Steven Caple Jr.'ın yönettiği, Kasım 2018 de gösterime giren Creed II adlı filmi izledi. Michael B. Jordan'ın yöneteceği üçüncü devam filmi Creed III, 2022'de vizyona girecektir.

Konusu
Ellili yaşlarının sonlarında ve bokstan emekli olan eski Philadelphia'lı boksör Rocky Balboa, 16 yıldır bokstan uzak ve dört yıl önce kanser nedeniyle eşi Adrian Pennino Balboa'nın ölümünden sonra bir dul olarak sakin bir hayat yaşamaktadır. Düzenli olarak mezarına gitmekte ve onun yanında oturmaktadır. Hatta oturmak için mezarlıkta bir ağaca sıkıştırdığı bir sandalyesi bile vardır. Artık hayat ona anlamsız ve gereksiz gözükmektedir. Rocky'nin en iyi arkadaşı ve kayınbiraderi Paulie (Burt Young) "Artık geçmişi bırak Rocky, bu günü yaşa" dese de Rocky bildiğini okur. Zaten Paulie de öyle söylemesine karşın alkol müptelası olmuş ve o da belli etmese de o günlerde kalmış bir adamdır. Paulie, elinden geldiğince onu desteklemeye devam eder, ancak geçmişte ölen kız kardeşine karşı kötü muamelesinden dolayı sürekli suçluluk duyar ve Rocky'yi geçmişte yaşamakla suçlar.

Şimdi Adrian'ın adını taşıyan küçük ama başarılı bir İtalyan restoranı işletmekte ve burada müşterilerini geçmişinden hikâyeler anlatıp onları ağırlamaktadır.

Eski boksör yeni lokanta sahibi Rocky'nin oğlu ile de sıkıntılı bir yaşamı vardır. Onun gölgesinde ve isminin altında ezilen genç Rocky (Milo Ventimiglia) sürekli Rocky'den uzak durmaya çalışmaktadır. Böyle karmaşık bir psikoljik yapı içindeki kahramanımız günün birinde  eskiden eve bıraktığı ve nasihatler verdiği bir kızla tesadüfen karşılaşır (Marie ile)(Geraldine Hughes).
O andan sonra Rocky hayata yeniden dönme ihtiyacı hisseder. Bölge kuruluna yeniden boks lisansı için başvurur. Bu arada televizyonlarda o anki ağır siklet şampiyonu (Mason The Lion Dixon) (Antonio Tarver) Rocky ile dövüşse ne olurdu tarzı bilgisayar oyunu destekli görüntüler yayınlanmaktadır.
Bu esnada lokantasına gelen yeni şampiyonun menajerleri de Rocky'e bir gösteri maçı teklif ederler. Teklif komiktir ama Rocky kabul eder ve çalışmalarına klasik Rocky filmlerinin müziği eşliğinde başlar. Bu esnada olayları gören oğlu da birden babasının yanında olma ihtiyacı hisseder ve istifayı bile göze alarak Rocky ile kucaklaşır.
Rocky artık mutludur. Oğlu ile barış sağlanmış ve eski özlemi boksa dönmüştür. Sıra maçtadır. Las Vegas'ta maç başlar. Rocky 20 yaş civarı genç rakibine göre favori değildir. Ama heyecanlı ve Rocky açısından geçmişi hatırlamalarla dolu bir maç beklendiği gibi Rocky'nin yıkılıp kalması ile sonuçlanmaz. Dixon ilk turda kolayca hakim olur. Rocky daha sonra dramatik bir geri dönüş yapar, Mason'u devirir ve yaşına rağmen kahramanlığı ve sağlam çenesi ile seyirciyi şaşırtır. İki boksör birbirini tam on tur boyunca ciddi şekilde döver, her iki adam da ayakta durur, ancak Rocky son saniyede son yumruğunu atar. Rocky, maç için minnettardır, Dixon'a teşekkür eder ve seyirci iki boksörü alkışlarken büyük bir şampiyon olduğunu söyler. Maçın sonucu, Rocky'nin kalabalığın övgüsüne çıkmasıyla duyurulur: Nihayetinde olay juri puanlarına kalır ve Rocky halkın sevgilisi olmasına karşın juri gerçekleri değerlendirmeyi tercih eder. Dixon'ın galibiyeti ilan edilir fakat Rocky açıklanan sonuca aldırmaz. Seyircilerin devam eden tezahuratlarına ve sevgi gösterisine dikkatini verir.

Kapanışta Rocky eve döner ve Adrian'ın mezarını tekrar ziyaret ederek ona yardım ettiği için teşekkür eder; " drian, başardık, Başardık" der.

Karakterler
 Sylvester Stallone - Rocky Balboa rolünde, emekli boksör, eski şampiyon.
 Burt Young - Paulie rolünde, Rocky'nin kadim dostu.
 Milo Ventimiglia - Robert .Rocky Jr.rolünde, Rocky'nin yegane oğlu.
 Geraldine Hughes - Marie rolünde, yıllar önce karşılaştığı ve nasihatler verdiği kız.
 James Francis Kelly III - Steps rolünde, Marie'nin oğlu.
 Tony Burton - Tony "Duke" Evers rolünde, Rocky'nin eski antrenörlerinden.
 Antonio Tarver - Mason "The Lion" Dixon rolünde, Rocky'nin yeni rakibi

Yapım

Yapım öncesi
Rocky Balboa, oyuncu seçimiyle önceki bölümlere selam veriyor. En bariz olanı, altı bölümün tümünde aynı karakterleri canlandıran tek aktör olan Sylvester Stallone, Burt Young ve Burton'ın geri dönüşüdür. Tarver'ın filmdeki görünümü, dizide aktif bir profesyonel boksörün altıncı kez yer aldığı anlamına geliyor. Daha önce Joe Frazier (Rocky), Pedro Lovell (Rocky), Roberto Durán (Rocky II), Tommy Morrison (Rocky V) ve Michael Williams (Rocky V) Rocky serisinde yer aldılar. Stallone başlangıçta Dixon'ı Roy Jones, Jr.'ın canlandırmasını istedi, ancak Jones Stallone'un telefon aramalarına cevap vermeyince, rolü tamamlaması için Antonio Tarver'ı seçti. Tarver, dövüşün bölümlerinden birinin çekimleri sırasında yanlışlıkla Stallone'u yere serdi.

Marie karakteri orijinal Rocky'de yer aldı; Jodi Letizia tarafından canlandırıldı. Son film de Marie karakteri, Geraldine Hughes tarafından canlandırıldı (Letizia, Rocky V için rolü yeniden üstlenmiş olsa da, göründüğü tek sahne silindi). Önceki beş filmde yer alan bir başka tanınabilir karakter olan spor spikeri Stu Nahan, Dixon ve Balboa arasındaki bilgisayar tarafından oluşturulan dövüşün yorumunu yaptı. Nahan, ilk üç filmdeki tüm maçlar ve Rocky IV'teki Apollo Creed-Ivan Drago dövüşü sırasında ring kenarı yorum ekibinin bir parçasıydı. Rocky Balboa çekimleri sırasında kendisine lenfoma teşhisi kondu ve 26 Aralık 2007'de öldü. Son olarak, ilk filmde Spider Rico'yu canlandıran Pedro Lovell, Rocky Balboa'ya konuk oyuncu olarak katıldı ve Rocky'nin restoranında çalışan olarak gösterildi.

Talia Shire'ın Adrian rolünü tekrar oynamama kararıyla ilgili olarak Stallone, USA Today'e şunları söyledi: "Orijinal senaryoda, o yaşıyordu. Ama aynı dramatik etkiye sahip değildi. 'Ya gitmişse?' diye düşündüm. Bu, Rocky'nin kalbini söküp atar ve onu sıfır noktasına indirir." Talia Shire ise şunları söyledi: "Film yas sürecine büyük saygı duyuyor. Sly, Rocky'yi güçlendirmek için yası kullanıyor ve Adrian çok efsanevi bir hale getirildi."

Çekimler
Çekimler Aralık 2005'te Las Vegas, Nevada'da başladı. 2006'da çekimler Los Angeles, California ve Philadelphia, Pennsylvania'ya taşındı. Philadelphia'daki sahneler, Philadelphia Sanat Müzesi ve Güney Philadelphia gibi yerlere yerleştirilirken, Center City, Rocky Jr.'ın avukatlık görevi nedeniyle daha belirgin bir şekilde yer aldı. Rocky ve oğlunun sessiz bir blokta yürürken konuştukları sahne, bir Pazar sabahı şafaktan hemen sonra, Walnut'ta 20.-21. Sokaklar arasında çekildi. 38 günlük çekimin yapım bütçesinin 23,5 milyon dolar olması bekleniyordu.

Sinematografi ve dövüş koreografisi
Filmin dramatik bölümleri açıkça sinematik bir tarzda çekilirken, Balboa ve Dixon arasındaki maç birkaç farklı şekilde çekildi. Müsabakanın giriş bölümü ve ilk iki raunt, büyük bir izle ve öde yayınına benzer bir tarzda çekildi. Dövüşün TV tarzı görünümünü daha da geliştirmek için dövüşün kendisi Yüksek Çözünürlükte çekildi.

İlk iki rounddan sonra, maç daha "sinematik" bir tarzda çekildi ve diğer Rocky filmlerindeki dövüşlerin çekilme şeklini anımsatmıştır. Ancak serideki diğer filmlerden farklı olarak, dövüş önceki bölümlerden daha az koreografili ve daha doğaçlamadır ve koreografisi yapılmış bir dövüşten ziyade gerçek bir boks maçına daha yakındır. Bu, her bir yumruk, numara ve adımın dikkatli bir şekilde yazıldığı ve uygulandığı önceki filmlerden ayrılmaktadır.

Filmin DVD'sinin kamera arkası belgesel bölümlerine göre, dövüşün çekimleri sırasında hafif süreklilik sorunları vardı. Bunun nedeninin, hem Stallone hem de Tarver tarafından gerçek yumrukların atılması ve senaryodan daha önce bazı şişme ve burun kanamalarına neden olması nedeniyle olduğu söylendi. DVD sürümünde, Rocky'nin dövüşü kazandığı alternatif bir son içermektedir.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Resmi site
 Rocky Balboa Sly Magazine dergisindeki görüşler
 Fragmanlar bir ve iki
 Yapım aşaması
 Film çekim mekanları
 Rocky Balboa Sylvester Stallone ile görüşme Ocak 2007
 Filmin DVD'si Hakkında

Boks filmleri
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer filmleri
2000'lerde aksiyon filmleri
Sylvester Stallone'un yönettiği filmler
Los Angeles'ta çekilmiş filmler
2000'lerde spor temalı filmler
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri dramatik filmleri
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri devam filmleri
Columbia Pictures filmleri
Revolution Studios filmleri
Rocky
Bill Conti'nin müziğini yaptığı filmler
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri spor filmleri
2000'lerde devam filmleri
2000'lerde İngilizce filmler
2006 çıkışlı dramatik filmler

Rocky Balboa (film)


Anton Wladimirowitsch Glowazki (; * 6. August 1988 in Magnitogorsk, Russische SFSR) ist ein russischer Eishockeyspieler, der seit 2011 bei Titan Klin in der Wysschaja Hockey-Liga unter Vertrag steht.

Karriere
Anton Glowazki begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler in seiner Heimatstadt in der Nachwuchsabteilung des HK Metallurg Magnitogorsk, für dessen zweite Mannschaft er von 2004 bis 2008 in der drittklassigen Perwaja Liga aktiv war. Parallel gab er in der Saison 2006/07 sein Debüt für die Profimannschaft des HK Metallurg in der Superliga und wurde mit seinem Team auf Anhieb Russischer Meister. Zu diesem Erfolg trug er mit zwei Toren und fünf Vorlagen in insgesamt 34 Spielen bei. Auch in der Saison 2007/08 kam er wieder regelmäßig für den Superliga-Kader von Metallurg zum Einsatz.

Die Saison 2008/09 begann Glowazki mit Metallurg Magnitogorsk in der neu gegründeten Kontinentalen Hockey-Liga. In dieser blieb er in vier Spielen punkt- und straflos, ehe er innerhalb der Liga zu Atlant Mytischtschi wechselte. Für die Mannschaft blieb er ebenfalls in zwei Spielen punkt- und straflos. Die Spielzeit selbst beendete er beim HK Metschel Tscheljabinsk in der zweitklassigen Wysschaja Liga sowie bei dessen zweiter Mannschaft in der Perwaja Liga. Von 2009 bis 2011 spielte er für den PHK Krylja Sowetow Moskau – zunächst in der Wysschaja Liga und in der Saison 2010/11 in der neuen zweiten russischen Spielklasse, der Wysschaja Hockey-Liga. Seit der Saison 2011/12 steht er für den Zweitligisten Titan Klin auf dem Eis.

International
Für Russland nahm Glowazki an der U18-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2006 sowie der U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft 2007 teil. Bei der U20-WM 2007 gewann er mit seiner Mannschaft die Silbermedaille.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen
 2007 Silbermedaille bei der U20-Junioren-Weltmeisterschaft
 2007 Russischer Meister mit dem HK Metallurg Magnitogorsk

KHL-Statistik

(Stand: Ende der Saison 2011/12)

Weblinks

Eishockeyspieler (HK Metallurg Magnitogorsk)
Eishockeyspieler (Krylja Sowetow Moskau)
Eishockeyspieler (Atlant Moskowskaja Oblast)
Russischer Meister (Eishockey)
Sowjetbürger
Russe
Geboren 1988
Mann

Anton Wladimirowitsch Glowazki


Joseph-Adélard Godbout (* 24. September 1892 in Saint-Éloi, Québec; † 18. September 1956 in Montreal; meist Adélard Godbout genannt) war ein kanadischer Politiker und Agronom. Von 1929 bis 1936 sowie von 1939 bis 1948 war er liberaler Abgeordneter der Legislativversammlung von Québec. Zweimal regierte er die Provinz Québec als Premierminister; von Juni bis August 1936 sowie von November 1939 bis August 1944. Danach war er Oppositionsführer. Ab 1949 amtierte er als kanadischer Senator.

Biografie
Godbout wurde in Saint-Éloi geboren, einem kleinen Dorf nordöstlich von Rivière-du-Loup. Sein Vater war Eugène Godbout, Landwirt und liberaler Abgeordneter der Legislativversammlung von 1921 bis 1923, seine Mutter war Marie-Louise Duret. Godbout erhielt seine Schulbildung am Seminar in Rimouski, anschließend studierte er Agrarwissenschaften in La Pocatière und in Amherst (Massachusetts). 1918 kehrte er nach La Pocatière zurück und unterrichtete bis 1930 an der dortigen Landwirtschaftsschule. Von 1922 bis 1925 arbeitete er zusätzlich für das Landwirtschaftsministerium von Québec.

Als Mitglied der Parti libéral du Québec gewann Godbout im Mai 1929 eine Nachwahl und zog wie zuvor sein Vater in die Legislativversammlung ein. Im August 1931 und im November 1935 gelang ihm jeweils die Wiederwahl. Im Kabinett von Louis-Alexandre Taschereau amtierte er ab November 1930 als Landwirtschaftsminister. Kurz nach den Wahlen von 1935 kam ein weit verzweigtes Korruptionsnetzwerk in der Parti libéral zum Vorschein und Taschereau sah sich am 11. Juni 1936 gezwungen, seinen Rücktritt bekanntzugeben. Vizegouverneur Ésioff-Léon Patenaude ernannte daraufhin Godbout zu dessen Nachfolger. Dieser wiederum rief umgehend vorgezogene Neuwahlen aus.

Obwohl Godbout unbelastet war und einen Neuanfang versprach, erlitt seine Partei am 17. August 1936 eine empfindliche Niederlage, woraufhin die von Maurice Duplessis angeführte Union nationale die Regierung stellte. Godbout unterlag in seinem eigenen Wahlkreis, blieb aber Parteivorsitzender der Liberalen und wurde im Juni 1938 in diesem Amt bestätigt. Kurz nach Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkriegs fanden erneut Wahlen statt. Mit Unterstützung der liberalen Partei auf Bundesebene konnten die Quebecer Liberalen einen klaren Sieg erringen. Im Wahlkampf hatten sie unter anderem versprochen, dass die Einführung der Wehrpflicht nicht bevorstehe.

Am 8. November 1939 übernahm Godbout zum zweiten Mal das Amt des Premierministers, außerdem stand er wieder dem Landwirtschaftsministerium vor. Die Provinzregierung führte eine Reihe von progressiven Reformen durch, welche die Grundlage für die Stille Revolution der 1960er Jahre bilden sollten. Dazu gehörten die Einführung des Frauenwahlrechts auf Provinzebene (gegen den Widerstand der katholischen Kirche), die Einführung der Schulpflicht bis zum 14. Lebensjahr und den kostenfreien Grundschulunterricht, Verbesserungen im Arbeitsrecht, die Verstaatlichung von Montreal Light, Heat and Power und die Gründung von Hydro-Québec sowie die Förderung der französischen Kultur und Sprache.

Bei den Wahlen am 8. August 1944 errangen die Liberalen zwar einen größeren Wähleranteil, die Union nationale konnte jedoch mehr Sitze erringen. Mitentscheidend für die Wahlniederlage war gewesen, dass die Wehrpflicht nun doch eingeführt worden war. Godbout blieb bis zum 30. August Premierminister und führte danach die Liberalen als Oppositionsführer an. Die Wahlen am 28. Juli 1948 endeten mit einer noch größeren Niederlage für die Liberalen, und auch Godbout verlor seinen Sitz. Der kanadische Premierminister Louis Saint-Laurent ernannte ihn am 25. Juni 1949 zum Senator. Dieses Amt hatte er während sieben Jahren bis zu seinem Tod inne.

Literatur

Weblinks

 Biografie auf der Website der Nationalversammlung von Québec (französisch)
 Artikel Adélard Godbout in der Canadian Encyclopedia: englisch, französisch

Premierminister (Québec)
Senator (Kanada)
Abgeordneter der Nationalversammlung von Québec
Mitglied der Liberalen Partei Kanadas
Mitglied der Parti libéral du Québec
Agrarwissenschaftler (20. Jahrhundert)
Geboren 1892
Gestorben 1956
Mann
Ehrendoktor der Universität Laval

Adélard Godbout


Mehmed "Meša" Selimović (; ; 26 April 1910 – 11 July 1982) was a Yugoslav writer, whose novel Death and the Dervish is one of the most important literary works in post-World War II Yugoslavia. Some of the main themes in his works are the relations between individuality and authority, life and death, and other existential problems.

Biography
Selimović was born to a prominent Bosnian Muslim family of Serbian descent on 26 April 1910 in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina, where he graduated from elementary school and high school.

In 1930, he enrolled to study the Serbo-Croatian language and literature at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology and graduated in 1934. His lecturers included Bogdan Popović, Pavle Popović, Vladimir Ćorović, Veselin Čajkanović, Aleksandar Belić and Stjepan Kuljbakin. In 1936, he returned to Tuzla to teach in the gymnasium that today bears his name. At that time he participated in the Soko athletic organisation.  He spent the first two years of the Second World War in Tuzla, until he was arrested for participation in the Partisan anti-fascist resistance movement in 1943. After his release, he moved to liberated territory, became a member of Communist Party of Yugoslavia and the political commissar of the Tuzla Detachment of the Partisans. During the war, Selimović's brother, also a communist, was executed by partisans' firing squad for alleged theft, without trial; Selimović's letter in defense of the brother was to no avail. That episode apparently affected Meša's later contemplative introduction to Death and the Dervish, where the main protagonist Ahmed Nurudin fails to rescue his imprisoned brother.

After the war, he briefly resided in Belgrade, and in 1947 he moved to Sarajevo, where he was the professor of High School of Pedagogy and Faculty of Philology, art director of Bosna Film, chief of the drama section of the National Theater, and chief editor of the publishing house Svjetlost. Exasperated by a latent conflict with several local politicians and intellectuals, in 1971 he moved to Belgrade, where he lived until his death in 1982.

Identity
Selimović researched the roots of his family and found out that he originated from the Drobnjaci tribe. Most members of the tribe consider themselves to be Serbs, while some are Montenegrins. It is claimed that a part of the family converted to Islam in order to protect their Christian brethren.

In his 1976 letter to the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Selimović stated for the historical record that he regarded himself as a Serb and belonging to the corpus of Serbian literature. Selimović was a full member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and a member of Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.

In his autobiographical narration, Sjećanja (), which Selimović complements with a memoir features thus transforming them into memoir prose, Selimović describes environment and milieu of his Bosnian Muslim origin. He is using discursive self-perception, and confronts and auto-reflect his identity as a complex and composite. Since perception of national belonging is distinctly subjective and simplistic, auto-perceptions are considered discursive creations, representamen, where memoirs overlap with socio-historical context. In doing so, and through lens of imagology, his autobiographical discourse becomes textual construct, or an imaginary discourse. Selimović's imaginarium turns his cultural self-reflection of his Bosnian Muslim identity into oddity, but he also describes it as a complex. His memories author then transpose on entire group, with a series of images.

Through the rhetoric of the image, Selimović confirms the cultural differences of Bosnian Muslims, and in that sense, his autobiographical narrative representamen confirms and strengthens the cultural and collective ethnic identity of Muslims. Selimović clearly define himself by stating, "I am a Muslim", and, "I am attached to my Bosnian and Muslim origins".

On the other hand, when Selimović brought forward the information about his Christian origin, some Bosnian Muslim critics attacked him, claiming that "they also knew about their origin", and asking him what is to be achieved with publicly expressing such information.

Critics consider this to be a rationalization of his choice to seek recognition as writer belonging to Serbian literary circle, by claiming that his paternal heritage was that of Orthodox Christian identity, alleging a conversion to Islam back in the 17th century for pragmatic reasons. The chapter Parents in his Sjećanje provoked reaction and criticism in his native country, and will be deemed a "constructed phantasm",  or imaginary discourse. Critics contemplated about the reasons for this, as they called, "falsification of one's own family heritage", explaining it as a "vengeful act of defiance", and stating that Selimović's main conflicts trace back to his Muslim roots and his expression of disappointment in Bosnian environment and Bosnian Muslim milieu.

He was a communist and atheist.

According to his grandson Nikola, Selimović considered himself to be a Serbian writer of Muslim origin. He claimed that his mother received threats from Sarajevo-based organizations because "he (his grandson) did not have a Muslim name", which was the kind of situations which led Selimović to leave Sarajevo and settle in Belgrade in the first place.

Works
Selimović began writing fairly late in his life. His first short story (Pjesma u oluji / A song in the storm) was published in 1948, when he was thirty-six. His first book, a collection of short stories Prva četa (The First Company) was published in 1950 when he was forty. His subsequent work, Tišine (Silences) was published eleven years later in 1961. The following books Tuđa zemlja (Foreign land, 1962) and Magla i mjesečina (Mist and Moonlight, 1965) did not receive widespread recognition either.

However, his novel Death and the Dervish (Derviš i smrt, 1966) was widely received as a masterpiece. The plot of the novel takes place in 18th-century Sarajevo under Ottoman rule, and reflects Selimović's own torment of the execution of his brother; the story speaks of the futility of one man's resistance against a repressive system, and the change that takes place within that man after he becomes a part of that very system. Some critics have likened this novel to Kafka's The Trial. It has been translated into many languages, including English, Russian, German, French, Italian, Turkish and Arabic. Each chapter of the novel opens with a Quran citation, the first being: "In the name of God, the most compassionate, the most merciful."

The next novel, Tvrđava (The Fortress, 1970), placed still further in the past, is slightly more optimistic, and fulfilled with faith in love, unlike the lonely contemplations and fear in Death and the Dervish. The Fortress and Death and the Dervish are the only novels of Selimović that have thus far been translated into English. Subsequent novels Ostrvo (The Island, 1974), featuring an elderly couple facing aging and eventual death on a Dalmatian island, and posthumously published Krug (The Circle, 1983), have not been translated into English.

He also wrote a book about Vuk Karadžić's orthographic reforms Za i protiv Vuka (For and Against Vuk), as well as his autobiography, Sjećanja.

Poopak NikTalab introduces him as one of the three pioneers of children's and youth literature in the Balkans between 1950 and 1980 (along with Šukria Pandžu and Iskandar Klovnić), who played an important role in the development of Bosnian children's and youth literature.

Family
His brother's granddaughter is an award-winning Serbian actress . Also, his cousin  is a famous Bosnian actor. Meša Selimović is the uncle of Bosnian politician Mirsad Đonlagić.

Bibliography

Uvrijeđeni čovjek (An Insulted Man) (1947)
Prva četa (The First Company) (1950)
Tuđa zemlja (Foreign Lands) (1957)
Sjećanja (Memories) (1957)
Noći i jutra (Nights and Days) (film scenario) (1958)
Tišine (Silence) (1961)
Magla i mjesečina (Mist and Moonlight) (1965)
Eseji i ogledi (Essays and Reflections) (1966)
Derviš i smrt (Death and the Dervish) (1966)
Za i protiv Vuka (Pro et Contra Vuk) (1967)
Tvrđava (The Fortress) (1970)
Ostrvo (The Island) (1974)

Krug (The Circle) (1983)

Translations into English
Death and the Dervish, 1996, Northwestern University Press,
The Fortress, 1999, Northwestern University Press,

References
Citations

Sources

External links

Death and the Dervish by Mesa Selimovic (fragments), translated by Lazar Pascanovic
Mesa Selimovic in South Slavic Literature Library
For and Against Vuk, study by Meša Selimović, 1967; courtesy of Project Rastko – Banja Luka
Meša Selimović's 'Oriental Novels'
Meša Selimović's parts of biography
Meša Selimović – Facebook page

1910 births
1982 deaths
Writers from Tuzla
20th-century Serbian novelists
Serbian writers
Yugoslav writers
Yugoslav Partisans members
University of Belgrade Faculty of Philology alumni
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Burials at Belgrade New Cemetery
Bosnia and Herzegovina novelists
Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Recipients of the Sixth of April Sarajevo Award

Meša Selimović


Absorbed dose  is a dose quantity which is the measure of the energy deposited in matter by ionizing radiation per unit mass. Absorbed dose is used in the calculation of dose uptake in living tissue in both radiation protection (reduction of harmful effects), and radiology (potential beneficial effects, for example in cancer treatment). It is also used to directly compare the effect of radiation on inanimate matter such as in radiation hardening.

The SI unit of measure is the gray (Gy), which is defined as one Joule of energy absorbed per kilogram of matter. The older, non-SI CGS unit rad,  is sometimes also used, predominantly in the USA.

Deterministic effects
Conventionally, in radiation protection, unmodified absorbed dose is only used for indicating the immediate health effects due to high levels of acute dose. These are tissue effects, such as in acute radiation syndrome, which are also known as deterministic effects. These are effects which are certain to happen in a short time. The time between exposure and vomiting may be used as a heuristic for quantifying a dose when more precise means of testing are unavailable.

Effects of acute radiation exposure

Radiation therapy

The measurement of absorbed dose in tissue is of fundamental importance in radiobiology  as it is the measure of the amount of energy the incident radiation is imparting to the target tissue.

Dose computation
The absorbed dose is equal to the radiation exposure (ions or C/kg) of the radiation beam multiplied by the ionization energy of the medium to be ionized.

For example, the ionization energy of dry air at 20 °C and 101.325 kPa of pressure is . (33.97 eV per ion pair) Therefore, an exposure of  (1 roentgen) would deposit an absorbed dose of  (0.00876 Gy or 0.876 rad) in dry air at those conditions.

When the absorbed dose is not uniform, or when it is only applied to a portion of a body or object, an absorbed dose representative of the entire item can be calculated by taking a mass-weighted average of the absorbed doses at each point.

More precisely,

Where
  is the mass-averaged absorbed dose of the entire item ;
  is the item of interest;
  is the absorbed dose as a function of location;
  is the density as a function of location;
  is volume.

Medical considerations
Non-uniform absorbed dose is common for soft radiations such as low energy x-rays or beta radiation. Self-shielding means that the absorbed dose will be higher in the tissues facing the source than deeper in the body.

The mass average can be important in evaluating the risks of radiotherapy treatments, since they are designed to target very specific volumes in the body, typically a tumour. For example, if 10% of a patient's bone marrow mass is irradiated with 10 Gy of radiation locally, then the absorbed dose in bone marrow overall would be 1 Gy. Bone marrow makes up 4% of the body mass, so the whole-body absorbed dose would be 0.04 Gy. The first figure (10 Gy) is indicative of the local effects on the tumour, while the second and third figure (1 Gy and 0.04 Gy) are better indicators of the overall health effects on the whole organism. Additional dosimetry calculations would have to be performed on these figures to arrive at a meaningful effective dose, which is needed to estimate the risk of cancer or other stochastic effects.

When ionizing radiation is used to treat cancer, the doctor will usually prescribe the radiotherapy treatment in units of gray. Medical imaging doses may be described in units of coulomb per kilogram, but when radiopharmaceuticals are used, they will usually be administered in units of becquerel.

Stochastic risk - conversion to equivalent dose

For stochastic radiation risk, defined as the probability of cancer induction and genetic effects occurring over a long time scale, consideration must be given to the type of radiation and the sensitivity of the irradiated tissues, which requires the use of modifying factors to produce a risk factor in sieverts. One sievert carries with it a 5.5% chance of eventually developing cancer based on the linear no-threshold model. This calculation starts with the absorbed dose.

To represent stochastic risk the dose quantities equivalent dose H T and effective dose E are used, and appropriate dose factors and coefficients are used to calculate these from the absorbed dose. Equivalent and effective dose quantities are expressed in units of the sievert or rem which implies that biological effects have been taken into account. The derivation of stochastic risk is in accordance with the recommendations of the International Committee on Radiation Protection (ICRP) and International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). The coherent system of radiological protection quantities developed by them is shown in the accompanying diagram.

For whole body radiation, with Gamma rays or x-rays the modifying factors are numerically equal to 1, which means that in that case the dose in grays equals the dose in sieverts.

Development of the absorbed dose concept and the gray

Wilhelm Röntgen first discovered X-rays on November 8, 1895, and their use spread very quickly for medical diagnostics, particularly broken bones and embedded foreign objects where they were a revolutionary improvement over previous techniques.

Due to the wide use of X-rays and the growing realisation of the dangers of ionizing radiation, measurement standards became necessary for radiation intensity and various countries developed their own, but using differing definitions and methods. Eventually, in order to promote international standardisation, the first International Congress of Radiology (ICR) meeting in London in 1925, proposed a separate body to consider units of measure. This was called the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements, or ICRU, and came into being at the Second ICR in Stockholm in 1928, under the chairmanship of Manne Siegbahn.

One of the earliest techniques of measuring the intensity of X-rays was to measure their ionising effect in air by means of an air-filled ion chamber. At the first ICRU meeting it was proposed that one unit of X-ray dose should be defined as the quantity of X-rays that would produce one esu of charge in one cubic centimetre of dry air at 0 °C and 1 standard atmosphere of pressure. This unit of radiation exposure was named the roentgen in honour of Wilhelm Röntgen, who had died five years previously. At the 1937 meeting of the ICRU, this definition was extended to apply to gamma radiation. This approach, although a great step forward in standardisation, had the disadvantage of not being a direct measure of the absorption of radiation, and thereby the ionisation effect, in various types of matter including human tissue, and was a measurement only of the effect of the X-rays in a specific circumstance; the ionisation effect in dry air.

In 1940, Louis Harold Gray, who had been studying the effect of neutron damage on human tissue, together with William Valentine Mayneord and the radiobiologist John Read, published a paper in which a new unit of measure, dubbed the "gram roentgen" (symbol: gr) was proposed, and defined as "that amount of neutron radiation which produces an increment in energy in unit volume of tissue equal to the increment of energy produced in unit volume of water by one roentgen of radiation".  This unit was found to be equivalent to 88 ergs in air, and made the absorbed dose, as it subsequently became known, dependent on the interaction of the radiation with the irradiated material, not just an expression of radiation exposure or intensity, which the roentgen represented. In 1953 the ICRU recommended the rad, equal to 100 erg/g, as the new unit of measure of absorbed radiation. The rad was expressed in coherent cgs units.

In the late 1950s, the CGPM invited the ICRU to join other scientific bodies to work on the development of the International System of Units, or SI. It was decided to define the SI unit of absorbed radiation as energy deposited per unit mass which is how the rad had been defined, but in MKS units it would be J/kg. This was confirmed in 1975 by the 15th CGPM, and the unit was named the "gray" in honour of Louis Harold Gray, who had died in 1965. The gray was equal to 100 rad, the cgs unit.

Other uses
Absorbed dose is also used to manage the irradiation and measure the effects of ionising radiation on inanimate matter in a number of fields.

Component survivability
Absorbed dose is used to rate the survivability of devices such as electronic components in ionizing radiation environments.

Radiation hardening
The measurement of absorbed dose absorbed by inanimate matter is vital in the process of radiation hardening which improves the resistance of electronic devices to radiation effects.

Food irradiation

Absorbed dose is the physical dose quantity used to ensure irradiated food has received the correct dose to ensure effectiveness. Variable doses are used depending on the application and can be as high as 70 kGy.

Radiation-related quantities
The following table shows radiation quantities in SI and non-SI units:

Although the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission permits the use of the units curie, rad, and rem alongside SI units, the European Union European units of measurement directives required that their use for "public health ... purposes" be phased out by 31 December 1985.

See also
 Kerma (physics)
 Mean glandular dose
 :Category:Units of radiation dose

Notes

References

Literature

External links
 Specific Gamma-Ray Dose Constants for Nuclides Important to Dosimetry and Radiological Assessment, Laurie M. Unger and D. K . Trubey, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, May 1982 - contains gamma-ray dose constants (in tissue) for approximately 500 radionuclides.

Radioactivity quantities
Radiobiology
Radiation protection

Absorbed dose


Aglaiocercus é um gênero de aves apodiformes pertencente à família dos troquilídeos, que inclui os beija-flores. O gênero possui três espécies, que se encontram distribuídas desde a Bolívia, Colômbia, Equador, Peru e Venezuela, com uma espécie sendo endêmica do último país. As espécies representantes do gênero são, vernaculamente, denominadas como silfos.

Sistemática e taxonomia
Esse gênero foi descrito primeiramente em 1885, na segunda metade da década de 1880, e originalmente conhecida como Cyanolesbia, segundo o ornitólogo e herpetólogo estadunidense Leonhard Hess Stejneger. Anos depois no início da década de 1930, John Todd Zimmer, que pesquisava sobre as aves peruanas, em uma de suas expedições, descreveu um novo gênero, dessa vez denominado Aglaiocercus. Posteriormente, a espécie-tipo foi definida como Ornismya kingii, que havia sido descrita em 1832, pelo ornitólogo francês René Primevère Lesson.

Etimologicamente, o nome do gênero deriva de dois termos em grego antigo, sendo ἀγλαϊα, aglaia, que significa "esplêndido", "magnificência", juntamente ao termo κέρκος, kérkos, literalmente "cauda". O nome referencia sua longuíssima cauda, apresentando uma bifurcação, característica da subfamília dos lesbíineos. O gênero apresenta um total de três espécies, as quais possuem, totalizando, seis subespécies. Enquanto seu nome vernáculo faz referência ao modo que os beija-flores se comportam em voo, assemelhando-se com silfos, personagens da mitologia germânica, geralmente do sexo feminino, caracterizados por sua inteligência, beleza sobrehumana e graciosidade. A palavra, por sua vez, deriva dos termos em neolatim, sylvestris significando "silvestre", "da floresta"; e nympha, que significa literalmente "ninfa".

Espécies

 Aglaiocercus kingii, silfo-rabilongo, (Lesson, 1832) — encontrado nos Andes colombianos ao oeste da Bolívia
 Aglaiocercus kingii kingii (Lesson, 1832) encontrado nos Andes orientais da Colômbia
 Aglaiocercus kingii margarethae (Heine, 1863)  encontrado no centro-norte e na costa da Venezuela
 Aglaiocercus kingii mocoa (Delattre & Bourcier, 1846) encontrado nos Andes centrais ao sul da Colômbia ao Equador e norte do Peru
 Aglaiocercus kingii smaragdinus (Gould, 1846) encontrado nos Andes orientais do Peru e nos yungas do oeste da Bolívia
 Aglaiocercus kingii emmae (von Berlepsch, 1892) encontrado nos Andes centrais e ocidentais da Colômbia e nordeste do Equador
 Aglaiocercus kingii caudatus (von Berlepsch, 1892) encontrado nos Andes do norte da Colômbia e oeste da Venezuela
 Aglaiocercus coelestis, silfo-ocidental, (Gould, 1861) — encontrado nos Andes ocidentais da Colômbia ao sudeste equatoriano
 Aglaiocercus coelestis coelestis (Gould, 1861) encontrada na encosta do pacífico dos Andes ocidentais da Colômbia e norte do Equador
 Aglaiocercus coelestis aethereus (Chapman, 1925) encontrado nos Andes do sudeste do Equador
 Aglaiocercus berlepschi, silfo-venezuelano, (Hartert, EJO, 1898) — encontrado no extremo norte da Venezuela, nos estados de Sucre e Monagas

Ligações externas

Integrated Taxonomy Information System
Aglaiocercus berlepschi no Avibase
Aglaiocercus coelestis no Avibase
Aglaiocercus kingii no Avibase

Géneros de beija-flor
Aves da América do Sul
Troquilídeos
Aglaiocercus

Aglaiocercus


Quintana Roo er fylki í suðaustur-Mexíkó á Júkatanskaga. Það er 44.705 ferkílómetrar að flatarmáli. Höfuðborgin heitir Chetumal en önnur mikilvæg borg er ferðamannaborgin Cancún. Quintana Roo varð að fylki í Mexíkó árið 1974. Þá óx ferðmannaiðnaður og íbúafjöldi. Maja-fornminjar má finna innan svæðisins.

Í suðri á fylkið landamæri að Gvatemala og Belís.

Það er nefnt eftir Andrés Eligio Quintana Roo sem gegndi mikilvægu hlutverki í mexíkóska sjálfstæðisstríðinu.

Fylki Mexíkó

Quintana Roo


Portlandmosen er et område på ca. 900 hektar i den nordvestlige del af Lille Vildmose. Området er stadig præget af tidligere tiders tørvegravning, for  Cementfabrikken Aalborg Portland, der især under 2. verdenskrig brugte tørv som brændsel i mangel af kul. På et tidspunkt var 1.200 mand beskæftiget i mosen.

Der er gamle drængrøfter  og de op til fem kilometer lange tørvegrave er nu vandfyldte. Især på grund af dræningen begyndte dele af mosen at vokse til med træer, overvejende birk og pil  og er dog hastigt på vej til at ødelægge højmosevegetationen også på de uberørte partier.   Aage V. Jensens Fonde overtog arealet i 2003, og da  var store dele af mosen uden træer.  Der arbejdes med via naturgenopretning  på at sikre en tilbagevenden til en mere naturlig vandstand i området, og en stor del  af de træbevoksede områder bliver ryddet for at genskabe den oprindelige naturtilstand i højmoserne.

Portlandmosen er en del af natura 2000 nr. 17 Lille Vildmose, Tofte Skov og Høstemark Skov og er en del af den store naturfredning af hele Vildmosen.

Der er anlagt en næsten 2 kilometer lang plankesti ud i Portlandmosen som på en   del af strækningen kan benyttes af kørestolsbrugere og  barne- og klapvogne.

Eksterne henvisninger

 Portlandmosen - sikring af højmose

Lille Vildmose
Moser i Danmark
Lokaliteter i Aalborg Kommune

Portlandmosen


A Universidade do Mississippi, também conhecida como Ole Miss, é uma instituição pública, coeducacional situada em Oxford, Mississippi, Estados Unidos. Fundada em 1848, a universidade é composta por quatro campi localizados em diferentes cidades no estado do Mississippi. A sede da universidade fica em Oxford. Outros campi, de tamanhos menores encontram-se nas cidades de Booneville, Tupelo e Southaven. Ole Miss mantém um "field campus" em Bay Spring, Abbeville e um centro médico em Jackson. O corpo de alunos sem formação superior é de maioria local do estado do Mississippi (69%), 19% são representados por minorias. Alunos internacionais de 66 países diferentes estudam nesta instituição. Segundo a universidade, o sino do Lyceum é o sino acadêmico mais antigo dos Estados Unidos.

A Universidade do Mississippi é composta por 15 faculdades.

A universidade está classificada entre "R1: Universidades de Doutorado - Atividade de pesquisa muito alta". De acordo com o Fundação Nacional da Ciência, Ole Miss investiu cerca de US$ 137 milhões de dólares em pesquisa e desenvolvimento em 2018, tendo o 142º maior orçamento desta área nos Estados Unidos. Ainda é uma das trinta e três faculdades e universidades participantes do National Sea Grant Program e participa do programa National Space Grant College and Fellowship.

Os ex-alunos da universidade incluem 27 ganhadores da Bolsa de Estudos Rhodes, 10 governadores estaduais, 5 senadores dos Estados Unidos, um chefe de governo e um laureado com o Prêmio Nobel. Outros ex-alunos receberam honras como Emmy Awards, Grammy Awards e Pulitzer Prize. Seu centro médico realizou o primeiro transplante de pulmão humano e transplante de coração de animal para humano.

Ligações externas
 Website de Ole Miss
 Site dos atletas da University of Mississippi
 Biblioteca da Universidade
 VIDEO: tour virtual pela University of Mississippi

Mississippi
Mississippi

Universidade do Mississippi


මඩකලපුව දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස ගණන 13 කි. එනම්
 මඩකලපුව ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 එරාවූර් පත්තු ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 එරාවූර් නගර ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 කාත්තන්කුඩි ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 කෝරළේ පත්තු ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 කෝරළේ පත්තු උතුර ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 කෝරළේ පත්තු දකුණ ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 කෝරළේ පත්තු බටහිර ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 මාන්මුනේ උතුර ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 මාන්මුනේ පත්තු ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 මාන්මුනේ දකුණ සහ එරුවිල් පත්තු ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 මාන්මුනේ බටහිර ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය
 පොරතිවු පත්තු ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාසය

ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ නැගෙනහිර පළාතේ ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පළාත්
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දිස්ත්‍රික්ක
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ ප්‍රාදේශීය සභා
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ පළාත් සභා

බාහිර සබැදි
 Divisional Secretariats Portal
 Statoids: Divisions of Sri Lanka


Yusuke Hayashi (født 23. januar 1990) er en japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Urawa Reds, Thespa Kusatsu og Grulla Morioka.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Yusuke Hayashi


A birthday cake is a cake eaten as part of a birthday celebration. While there is no standard for birthday cakes, they are typically highly decorated layer cakes covered in frosting, often featuring birthday wishes ("Happy birthday") and the celebrant's name. In many cultures, it is also customary to serve the birthday cake with small lit candles on top, especially in the case of a child's birthday. Variations include cupcakes, cake pops, pastries, and tarts. In more recent years, it has become a common flavour for confectionery including ice cream,  PopTarts, various cereal varieties among others. The flavour is usually vanilla with sweeter hints to imply sprinkles.

History

Birthday cakes have been a part of birthday celebrations in Western European countries since the middle of the 19th century. However, the link between cakes and birthday celebrations may date back to ancient Roman times; in classical Roman culture, cakes were occasionally served at special birthdays and at weddings. These were flat circles made from flour and nuts, leavened with yeast, and sweetened with honey.

In the 15th century, bakeries in Germany began to market one-layer cakes for customers' birthdays in addition to cakes for weddings. During the 17th century, the birthday cake took on its contemporary form. These elaborate cakes had many aspects of the contemporary birthday cake, like multiple layers, icing, and decorations. However, these cakes were only available to the very wealthy. Birthday cakes became accessible to the lower class as a result of the industrial revolution and the spread of more materials and goods.

Birthday candles and contemporary rites

The practice of serving cake on birthdays is commonplace in many cultures. In contemporary Western cultures, birthday cakes for children are often topped with small candles, secured with special holders or simply pressed down into the cake. In the Anglosphere, the number of candles often corresponds to the age of the individual being celebrated, occasionally with one extra for luck. An increasingly popular alternative is to use candles shaped as the numeral digits of the celebrant's age. Sparklers may also be used alongside or instead of the traditional wax candles.

The cake is usually presented with all the candles lit, at which point it is customary for the guests to sing Happy Birthday to You in unison, or an equivalent birthday song appropriate to the country. Upon the conclusion of the song, the celebrant is traditionally prompted to blow out the candles and make a wish, which is thought to come true if all the candles are extinguished in a single breath. Another common superstition holds that the wish must be made in silence, not to be shared with anyone else.

Theories of origin

Though the exact origin of the birthday candle ritual is unknown, there are multiple theories which try to explain this tradition.

One theory explaining the tradition of placing candles on birthday cakes is attributed to the early Greeks, who used candles to honor the goddess Artemis' birth on the sixth day of every lunar month. The link between her oversight of fertility and the birthday tradition of candles on cakes, however, has not been established.

In 18th century Germany, the history of candles on cakes can be traced back to Kinderfest, a birthday celebration for children. This tradition also makes use of candles and cakes. German children were taken to an auditorium-like space. There, they were free to celebrate another year in a place where Germans believed that adults protected children from the evil spirits attempting to steal their souls. In those times there was no tradition of bringing gifts to a birthday; guests would merely bring good wishes for the birthday person. However, if a guest did bring gifts it was considered to be a good sign for the person whose birthday it was. Later, flowers became quite popular as a birthday gift.
 In 1746, a large birthday festival was held for Count Ludwig von Zinzendorf at Marienborn near Büdingen. Andrew Frey described the party in detail and mentions, "there was a Cake as large as any Oven could be found to bake it, and Holes made in the Cake according to the Years of the Person's Age, every one having a Candle stuck into it, and one in the Middle."
 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, having spent 24–30 August 1801 in Gotha as a guest of Prince August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, recounts of his 52nd birthday on 28 August: "when it was time for dessert, the prince's entire livery in full regalia entered, led by the majordomo. He carried a generous-size torte with colorful flaming candles – amounting to some fifty candles – that began to melt and threatened to burn down, instead of there being enough room for candles indicating upcoming years, as is the case with children's festivities of this kind." As the excerpt indicates, the tradition at the time was to place one candle on the cake for each year of the individual's life, so that the number of candles on top of the cake would represent the age which some one had reached; sometimes a birthday cake would have some added candles 'indicating upcoming years.'

A reference to the tradition of blowing out the candles was documented in Switzerland in 1881. Researchers for the Folk-Lore Journal recorded various "superstitions" among the Swiss middle class. One statement depicted a birthday cake as having lighted candles which correspond to each year of life. These candles were required to be blown out, individually, by the person who is being celebrated.

Bacteriology
In June 2017 researchers at Clemson University reported that some individuals deposit a large number of bacteria onto the cake frosting when blowing out the candles. They found that on average, the act increased the amount of bacteria by 14 times, but one of the researchers described this as "not a big health concern".

Birthday cakes in different cultures

There are many variations of sweets which are eaten around the world on birthdays. The Chinese birthday pastry is the  () or  (), a lotus-paste-filled bun made of wheat flour and shaped and colored to resemble a peach. Rather than serving one large pastry, each guest is served their own small . In Western Russia, birthday children are served fruit pies with a birthday greeting carved into the crusts. The Swedish birthday cake is made like a pound cake that is often topped with marzipan and decorated with the national flag. Dutch birthday pastries are fruit tarts topped with whipped cream. In India there are very few people who celebrate birthdays in the villages, but in cities and towns, birthday cakes are consumed similarly as in Western countries, especially among people with higher education.

Gallery

See also
 Wedding cake
 List of desserts
 Birthday
 Rite of passage

References

External links

Cakes
Birthdays
Traditions
Holiday foods

Birthday cake


Movimento Imperial Russo - MIR () é uma organização paramilitar russa ultranacionalista, supremacista branca e de extrema direita que opera oficialmente fora da Rússia.

Desde 2015, seu líder é Stanislav Vorobiev. O MIR foi classificado como grupo terrorista pelos Estados Unidos e Canadá. Algumas de suas publicações foram banidas na Rússia.

História

Em 2008, o MIR formou seu braço paramilitar, chamado de Legião Imperial. O grupo mantém dois locais de treinamento em São Petersburgo, um dos quais é conhecido como " Campo Partizan", localizado ao sul da ilha Heinäsenmaa. O "Campo Partizan" realiza treinamentos para combate urbano, treino com disparos de armas de fogo, medicina tática, psicologia militar, capacitação para altas altitudes e treinamentos para sobrevivencialismo. Após o ínicio da Guerra em Donbas no leste ucraniano, em abril de 2014, o MIR começou a treinar e enviar soldados voluntários para os grupos pró-russos envolvidos no conflito, à partir de julho. Alguns membros da Legião Imperial também atuaram como mercenários no Oriente Médio e Norte da África. Em 30 de Janeiro de 2020, foi noticiado que Vladimir Skopinov, que tinha previamente lutado na Bacia do Donets e na Guerra Civil Síria, morreu na Líbia. Ele foi o segundo membro da Legião a morrer na Líbia.

No dia 6 de abril de 2020, o Departamento de Estado dos Estados Unidos adicionou o Movimento Imperial Russo e três de seus líderes (Stanislav Anatolyevich Vorobyev, Denis Valliullovich Gariyev, e Nikolay Nikolayevich Trushchalov) à lista de Terroristas Globais Especialmente Designados, tornando-o o primeiro grupo supremacista branco a ser designado uma organização terrorista pelo Departamento de Estado. O grupo foi oficialmente classificado como terrorista pelo Canadá em 3 de fevereiro de 2021.

A Legião Imperial, um braço paramilitar do Movimento Imperial Russo, fez um chamado aos "jovens homens ortodoxos" para que se dedicassem a defender a Nova Rússia.

De acordo com o Departamento de Estado dos EUA, o MIR fornece treinamento paramilitar a extremistas de toda a Europa e opera dois locais de treinamento no continente.

Fora da Rússia
Em 2008, o MIR visitou a Suécia para participar do Dia em Memória de Carlos XII da Suécia em Estocolmo junto ao neonazista Partido dos Suecos. No outono de 2015, se notou que o RIM estava apoiando o Movimento de Resistência Sueco, membro do Movimento de Resistência Nórdica, de orientação neofascista e oposto à imigração: o líder do MIR, Vorobyev, visitou o Movimento de Resistência Sueco na Suécia, simbolizando este apoio.

Em Janeiro de 2020, um homem russo de nome Anatoly Udodov foi preso no Aeroporto de Estocolmo-Arlanda depois que a polícia descobriu um carregamento de armas pertencentes a ele. A polícia sueca já havia confiscado várias armas de fogo dele no verão anterior, em razão de suas conexões com o Movimento de Resistência Sueco. Udodov foi descrito como um representante do MIR na Suécia por Vorobyev e investigadores acreditam que ele é o recrutador local para os campos de treinamento do Movimento Imperial Russo. De acordo com a Polícia Sueca, Udodov é amigo de um terrorista condenado, Viktor Melin, de 23 anos. Melin fazia parte de um grupo de neonazistas suecos que foram à Rússia para receber treinamento militar, e ao retornar foi responsável por uma série de atentados a bomba contra minorias e inimigos políticos. O MIR também forneceu treinamento a neonazistas da Alemanha, da Finlândia e da Polônia. Neonazistas finlandeses foram recrutados por Johan Bäckman e Janus Putkonen, os quais são ligados com o partido pró-russo local, Valta kuuluu kansalle, "O poder é do Povo".

Fora da Escandinávia, o MIR se filia à Aliança Preta e Amarela da Áustria, um movimento pró-monarquista favorável à restauração do Império Austro-Húngaro. Consequentemente, Vorobyev foi convidado pela organização para participar de seu Congresso, o que efetivamente aconteceu em 9 de novembro de 2019, evento que ocorreu no Parkhotel Schönbrunn, a casa de convidados para o antigo palácio do Emperador Francisco José I. No mesmo mês, um representante do MIR fez um discurso em uma conferência internacional em Madrid, organizada pelo partido de extrema-direita Democracia Nacional, na qual também participaram os membros da Aliança para Paz e Liberdade, aliança de organizações de extrema-direita européia na qual participam também o italiano Roberto Fiore e o francês Jean-Marie Le Pen. Ambos os grupos foram caracterizados como neonazistas. Em maio de 2018, o Partido Nacional Democrático da Alemanha realizou um encontro em Riesa, na Alemanha, no qual os representantes do MIR foram participantes, junto com organizações tais quais as agremiações neonazistas Ação Sérvia e União Nacional Búlgara - Nova Democracia.

Em 29 de abril de 2020, o Ministério do Interior da Espanha recebeu um relatório de inteligência que afirmava que o MIR estava incitando seus contatos de extrema-direita espanhóis a cometer atos terroristas, tais quais atacar a infraestrutura, sistema de transportes e utilizar armas químicas contra o público.

Em 5 de Junho de 2020, a revista alemã Focus relatou que serviços de segurança alemães estavam cientes do treinamento de neonazistas alemães na Rússia. Contudo, eles não podiam proibir alemães de viajar a São Petersburgo por razões legais. As autoridades presumem que o presidente russo Vladimir Putin tem conhecimento dos campos de treinamento e "no mínimo os tolera". O Centro Internacional para o Contraterrorismo descreveu a relação do MIR com o governo russo como sendo uma "simbiose de adversários": enquanto não cometerem atos de terrorismo domesticamente, estão livres para operar e oferecer treinamento a militantes, além de enviar tropas para conflitos externos nos quais o interesse russo está em jogo.

De acordo com uma investigação conduzida por Infobae, uma nova célula da Atomwaffen Division recebe treinamento do grupo. Também se acredita que cidadãos dos Estados Unidos que são filiados ao grupo Atomwaffen também recebem treinamento do Movimento Imperial Russo. Posteriormente, o Diretor do Centro Nacional de Contraterrorismo Christopher Miller confirmou que neonazistas americanos estabeleceram contatos com o MIR. Especificamente, em certas ocasiões, eles viajaram à Rússia para treinar com o Movimento Imperial Russo, ainda que Miller tenha descrito essas conexões como "relativamente frágeis e informais". De acordo com o Centro para Cooperação e Segurança Internacional; Se por um lado o MIR construiu agressivamente ligações com grupos supremacistas brancos europeus, por outro sua relação com organizações dos EUA se desenvolveu sobretudo num nível pessoal, ao invés de institucional. Agora, por volta de 2020, porém, podemos estar testemunhando uma mudança, dada a relação do MIR com os braços russos do grupo neonazista da Atomwaffen Division.

Ver também
Nacionalismo russo
Lista de movimentos fascistas

Ligações externas
 Movimento Imperial Russo pela Radio Free Europe

Organizações nacionalistas russas
Nacionalismo russo
Organizações paramilitares
Extrema-direita na Rússia
Neonazismo na Rússia
Grupos terroristas

Movimento Imperial Russo


Stolta stad! er et af den svenske digter Carl Michael Bellmans kendeste værker fra nr. 33 i samlingen fra 1790 Fredmans Epistler. Epistlen kombinerer talte indslag – fx 'Was ist das?' og vendinger eller ord på tysk, svensk og fransk – med indslag af sang på svensk. Den er beskrevet som svensk litteraturs mest kongeniale skildring af hovedstaden.

Til titlen er føjet en forklarende undertekst om indholdet:
"1:o Om Fader Movitz's öfverfart til Djurgården,
 och 2:o om den dygdiga Susanna."

Baggrund

Carl Michael Bellman er en central figur i svensk sang- eller visetradition, kendt for Fredmans Epistler fra 1790 og Fredmans Sange fra 1791. Han spillede cister, ledsagende sig selv når han udførte sine sange ved hoffet.

Jean Fredman er en fiktiv karakter og den formodede fortæller i Bellmans epistler og sange baseret på en urmager i Stockholm på Bellmans tid. Epistlerne tegner et billede af byens demimonde liv i 1700-tallet, hvor stærke drikke og smukke "nymfer" som Ulla Winblad skaber et rokokobillede af livet ved at blande klassisk allusion og [[pastoral beskrivelse med tidens barske virkelighed.

Epistlen
Epistlen begynder med en lang talt del, imiterende en overfyldt båd med folk, der spiller kort og andre der forsøger at bevæge sig omkring. Noget er på tysk og fransk – og en stump på dansk).
Sangen har fire strofer med to yderligere talte afsnit. Hver strofe har tolv linjer, med rimmønsteret AABBCCDDDEEE. Af disse begynder linjerne AA begge med 'Corno' (horn), og alle linjerne CDD og EEE slutter med 'Corno'.

Sangen er i 4/4 og markeret 'Marche'. Epistlen er dateret 16. oktober 1771. Tre af de talte afsnit slutter med en meddelelse om at en 'nymfe', Susanna, skal synge. Kun denne epistel og epistel nr. 67 (Fader Movitz, Bror) kræver en kvindestemme, men identifikationen af "Susanna" er ikke kendt. Melodien hævdes af Nils Afzelius at komme fra arien "Regardez ces traits" fra Monsignys opera Le cadi dupé, men det bestrides af musikologen James Massengale.

Udpluk fra epistlen
Epistlen begynder på tysk og fortsætter med udbrud og tilråb på flere sprog til dem der er opholder sig på Skeppsbron da selskabet belaver sig på at blive roet over til Djurgården:
 : "Was ist das? Ge rum vid Roddar-trappan. (Hvad er det? Giv plads ved ro-trappen - dvs. trappen ned til kajen)
 : Undan Birfilare, Skoputsare, Tullsnokar och Matroser! (Til side fiolspillere, skopudsere, toldkontrollører og matroser!)
 : ..."
... og efter mange lignende udråb kommer første sungne strofe, hvor (Corno) markerer hornet der gjalder.

Reception

Epistlen er indspilet af Fred Åkerström og Sven-Bertil Taube, og fremført i kostume af Thord Lindé.
Citerende epistlen bemærker Anita Ankarcrona, at Bellman var 'den første, og måske den største, af alle der har skildret Stockholm' ("... Men, Carl Michael Bellman var den förste, och kanske den störste, av alla Stockholmsskildrare. ...")

Det svenske Bellmanssällskapet bemærker, at Sveriges hovedstad aldrig er portrætteret med mægtigere trompetfanfarer eller med større behændighed end i denne epistel: "svensk litteraturs mest kongeniale portræt af Stockholm". Værket er hverken digt eller sang, men et sangdrama af den art, der er skabt af Bellman selv af en kakofoni af stemmer og Skeppsbrons kollektive musik.
Lydcollagen bliver som "et landskabsmaleri, et forbløffende smukt billede af en gruppe stockholmere i 1770'erne".

I Haga-Brunnsviken Nytt bemærker Gunnel Bergström, at i strofe tre stiger Ulla Winblad ombord, og Movitz bliver kåd og lidenskabelig.

Et rejseselskab, der viser folk rundt i Bellmans Stockholm, kalder sig "Stolta Stad".

Galleri

Noter og referencer
Artiklen er en oversættelse af den tilsvarende engelske i denne version fra 27. maj 2018
Noter tilkommet under og efter oversættelsen

Referencer fra det engelske forlæg

Se også
 Skeppsholmen

Litteratur
[Fra det engelske forlæg]

  – (indeholder de mest populære af Bellmans epistler og sange; på svensk, med noder)
  – (indeholder de resterende af Bellmans epistler og sange; på svensk, med noder)
  (med faksimiler af noder fra de første udgaver i 1790, 1791) – (with facsimiles of sheet music from first editions in 1790, 1791)

Eksterne henvisninger
  Wikimedia Commons har flere filer relaterede til Fredmans epistlar – Djurgården – Ulla Winblad – Bellman
 Melodi (MIDI-fil):
 Teksten med kommentarer og ordforklaringer fra Bellman.net –  "Stolta Stad!", Fredmans epistel nr. 33 af Bellman på Wikisource
 Fremførelse med orkester af Taube (=Sven-Bertil Taube) og af Thord Lindé i kostume
 Glossar til Fredmans Epistler fra Bellmangesellschaft.de  med deres kilder angivet nederst – Konkordans  fra Konkordans.se
 Fortalen fra 1790 af Johan Henric Kellgren: Fra Litteraturbanken.se og Læseligere hos Runeberg.org

Sange fra Sverige
Sverige i den gustavianske periode

Stolta Stad!


NGC 5763 est une vaste et lointaine galaxie elliptique située dans la constellation du Bouvier. Sa vitesse par rapport au fond diffus cosmologique est de , ce qui correspond à une distance de Hubble de . NGC 5763 a été découverte par l'astronome américain Lewis Swift en 1886.

Aucun bras spiral n'est visible sur l'image obtenue des données du relevé SDSS, aussi la classification de galaxie elliptique par la base de données HyperLeda semble mieux convenir à cette galaxie.

Selon la base de données Simbad, NGC 5763 est une radiogalaxie.

À ce jour, une mesure non basée sur le décalage vers le rouge (redshift) donne une distance d'. Cette valeur est très loin à l'extérieur des valeurs de la distance de Hubble.

Supernova
La supernova SN 1986P a été découverte dans NGC 5763 le  l'astronome américaine Jean Mueller de l'observatoire Palomar. Le type de cette supernova n'a pas été déterminé.

Notes et références

Notes

Références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Liste des objets du New General Catalogue

Liens externes

 NGC 5763 sur le site du professeur C. Seligman

5763
Constellation du Bouvier
Galaxie elliptique
Radiogalaxie
Galaxie découverte en 1886
Objet céleste découvert par Lewis Swift

NGC 5763


بيلدكس - المعرض الدولي للبناء، تنظمه المجموعة العربية للمعارض والمؤتمرات، بدأ في سنته الأولى في بيروت تحت اسم معرض البناء وآفاق المستقبل - بيلدكس، ثم انتقل إلى دمشق، ويعتبر من أقدم المعارض المتخصصة في البناء في الشرق الأوسط وشمال أفريقيا والمنطقة بشكل عام.

كما أسست الشركة المنظمة موقع تفاعلي متخصص بالبناء كان الأول من نوعه باللغة العربية (بيلدكس أون لاين) واحتوى الموقع على أخبار شركات البناء والاقتصاد كما ضم منتدى تفاعلي للتشارك في الآراء بين المهندسين والمختصين في قطاع البناء.

بيلدكس 2010  بالأرقام:

·      مساحة عرض إجمالية تجاوزت 150000 متر مربع.

·      759 عارض يمثلون 2188 ماركة وعلامة تجارية.

·      عدد الدول المشاركة 57 دولة عربية وأجنبية.

·      شاركت إيطاليا رسمياً في بيلدكس 2010 ممثلة بـ 20 شركة إيطالية تعمل في مجال المقاولات والإنشاءات، بالإضافة إلى 30 شركة أخرى حاضرة عبر وكلاء سوريين.

·      شارك مجلس تنمية التجارة الخارجية في تايوان (TAITRA) رسمياً ولأول مرة في بيلدكس 2010 ممثلاً بالمركز التجاري التايواني بمشاركة 18 شركة تايوانية رائدة في قطاع البناء ومستلزماته.

القطاعات والصناعات المشاركة في بيلدكس:

1-      البناء والإنشاءات والمقاولات

-       المعدات الهندسية

-       المنشآت المعدنية والأبنية مسبقة الصنع

-       الأدراج المتحركة والمصاعد

-       أجهزة المساحة والقياس

-       العدد والتجهيزات

-       كيماويات البناء

-       معدات الأمان والسلامة المهنية

-       المقاولات

2-      الآليات والمعدات الثقيلة

3-      الحجر والرخام

-       منتجات الرخام والحجر الطبيعي

-       الآلات والمعدات

-       مواد صناعة الحجر والرخام

4-     الحمامات والسيراميك والصحية

-       المواد والتجهيزات الصحية

-       أطقم الحمامات

-       الخلاطات والحنفيات

-       سيراميك الجدران والأرضيات

5-     الواجهات والإكساء الداخلي والخارجي

-       الواجهات

-       الأبواب والنوافذ والأباجورات

-       الزجاج

-       الأسقف المستعارة والأرضيات

-       ألواح الساندويش بانل

-       مواد الديكور

6-     المطابخ

-       خزائن ودرف المطابخ

-       إكسسوارات المطابخ

-       مجالي الغرانيت والرخام

-       مجالي الستانلس

7-     المفروشات والديكور الداخلي

8-     الدهانات والتشطيبات

9-      مواد العزل

10-    تقنيات المياه

11-    الكهرباء والطاقة

-       التجهيزات و المعدات الكهربائية

-       لوحات التحكم

-       أنظمة و تجهيزات الإنارة

-       مولدات الطاقة الكهربائية

-       مصادر الطاقة المتجددة

-       أنظمة الإنذار والأمن

12-   تجهيزات الحدائق ومستلزمات المسابح

13-   الاستدامة البيئية

-       الأبنية الخضراء

-       ترشيد استهلاك الطاقة والموارد

-       معالجة النفايات

-       إعادة التدوير

·       المواد الأولية

-       الأخشاب

-       البلاستيك

-       المعادن

14-   الخدمات

-       الاستثمار والتطوير العقاري

-       المكاتب والخدمات الهندسية

-       الهيئات الرسمية  والتجارية و الجهات الخدمية

-       الصحافة وخدمات النشر

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 الموقع الرسمي.

معارض دولية

بيلدكس