Santiago del Estero (), also known simply as Santiago, is a province in the north of Argentina. Neighboring provinces, clockwise from the north, are Salta, Chaco, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Catamarca and Tucumán.

Santiago del Estero is a province known for the interference of organized crime and the high number of usurpations generated since Gerardo Zamora came to power in 2005, where peasants and landowners are threatened and stripped of them. There are several complaints in which criminal groups, protected from power, are dedicated to usurping land from their legitimate owners. At the end of 2022, one of the many cases of victims of usurpation, where the conjunction of criminal groups and power was observed, was that of Manuel Ascencio Ardiles, who was stripped of 30 hectares of land by the President of the Superior Court of Justice. from Santiago del Estero, Federico López Alzogaray. The case was even known by the Interamerican Institute for Democracy, an international NGO.

Santiago del Estero is a province also known for the violations of Human Rights suffered by its inhabitants, to the point that in 2022 a report was presented to the High Commissioner for Human Rights that exposes the threats to citizens, criminal networks linked to the governor Gerardo Zamora, public officials and their families. Of the many cases of murders related to power in the province, there are two that have been emblematic: The first, the dismemberment and murder of an official who denounced a very serious case of corruption in the Santiago del Estero Revenue Department. And the second case, the rape and dismemberment of a child as revenge for a drug trafficking complaint involving the governor Gerardo Zamora. To all this is added the opacity in the management of the finances of the province.
The murders, usurpations and violence that are experienced in the province are only the reflection of a well-structured drug-criminal network, with ties to the governor, the police, judges and prosecutors, this was confirmed by the consultant Douglas Farah in his report published in November of the year 2022, entitled "Case Study In Transnational Criminal Convergence: Santiago del Estero, Argentina".

History

The indigenous inhabitants of these lands were the Juríes-Tonocotés, Sanavirones and other tribes.  Santiago del Estero is still home to about 100,000 speakers of the local variety of Quechua, making this the southernmost outpost of the language of the Incas. When the language reached the area, and how, remains unclear—it may even have arrived only with the native troops that accompanied the first Spanish expeditions.

Diego de Rojas first reached this land in 1542. Francisco de Aguirre founded the city of Santiago del Estero in 1553 as the northernmost city founded by Spanish conquistadores coming from the Pacific Ocean.

Santiago then passed under different governments, from the intendency of Tucumán to the Audiencia de Charcas, then again to Tucumán, of which it was later to be designated capital.

However, the bishop moved to Córdoba in 1699 and the government moved to Salta two years later. Furthermore, the silver route between Buenos Aires and the Viceroyalty of Peru passed through Tucumán rather than through Santiago. The combination of these circumstances drastically reduced the importance of the city and the territory and, by the beginning of the 19th century, the city had barely 5,000 inhabitants.

With the creation of the intendency of Salta, Santiago del Estero was transferred to the new intendency of Tucumán. In the middle of the national conflict, Santiago del Estero separated from Tucumán in 1820, coming under the control of pro-autonomy Governor Juan Felipe Ibarra. Among the new province's most effective advocates during its early decades was Amancio Jacinto Alcorta, a young composer of sacral music who, representing his province from 1826 to 1862, helped modernize commerce and its taxation in the unstable young nation and promoted domestic banking and credit. In 1856 the provincial constitution was formulated.

At the beginning of the 20th century Santiago del Estero acquired part of the lands that were the subject of a dispute with Chaco Province. By then the province had four cities and 35,000 inhabitants, most of whom lived in precarious conditions. The construction of the Los Quiroga dam in 1950 enabled the productivity of the otherwise arid land to be increased by irrigation.

During the 1890s, national policy makers were made aware of a little-publicized tourist route northwest of the city of Santiago del Estero, whereby, despite the abject lack of transportation or lodging amenities, a steady stream of visitors rode on horseback over craggy terrain for hours for the sake of enjoying a cluster of mineral springs rarely mentioned since Spaniards had first noticed them in 1543.

The Argentine Department of Agriculture commissioned University of Buenos Aires chemistry professor Hercules Corti to study the springs. Completing his report in 1918, Corti stated that the Río Hondo Hot Springs were among the most therapeutic on earth and, coming at a time when mineral springs were becoming a leading destination for health tourism, Río Hondo quickly began attracting visitors from all over Argentina.  Set aside as a public resort in 1932, the first formal hotel facilities were opened in the late 1940s.

In 1948, the province elected Peronist activist Carlos Arturo Juárez Governor of the province. Santiago del Estero's central political figure during the late 20th century, Juárez was energetic and ambitious, and he soon became indispensable to local politics (mostly by proxy). Regarded as a Caudillo, by the 1990s, was readily ordering his opponents' deaths, including those of former Governor César Iturre in 1996 and of Bishop Gerardo Sueldo in 1998.

The deaths of two local young women, however, exposed Juárez's assassin, Antonio Musa Azar, and, faced with undeniable links to Musa Azar's litany of past murders and extortions, Juárez resigned in late 2002.  His wife, Nina Aragonés de Juárez, was hand-picked to replace him; she was herself removed from office by order of President Néstor Kirchner in March 2004.

Geography

The province is located almost completely in the flat lands of the Gran Chaco, with some depressions. In these depressions lagoons have formed, mainly at Bañado de Figueroa, Bañado de Añatuya, and those near the basin of the Salado and Dulce Rivers. The Sumampa and Ambargasta sierras are the result of the influence of the Pampas at the southwest.

The soil, rich in lime and salt, is arid and characterised by semi-deserts and steppes. The predominant weather is sub-tropical with a dry season and high temperatures during the entire year; the annual average is 21.5 °C, increased to 24 °C in the latest years, with maxima of up to 50 °C, with visible increases in temperature since 1970. Surprisingly, the maximum was of 38 °C before 1910; and minima of -5 °C, which has increased to -2 °C. The dry season, during the winter, receives an average of 120 mm of precipitation, but the annual average is 700 mm.

Economy
The province's economy, like most in northern Argentina, is relatively underproductive and, still, totalled an estimated US$2.863 billion in 2006; its per capita output, US$3,559, was the nation's lowest and a full 60% below the average. Santiago del Estero had long been very rural and fairly agricultural (known for its excellent cotton and tobacco, as well as leather) and nearly lacking in manufacturing; despite this, the humble province has grown just as quickly as many of its better-positioned fellow provinces, in the recovery that Argentina has enjoyed since 2002.

The economy of the province still leans toward primary production, specially in agriculture, about 12% of the province's output.  Centred on the basins of the Salado and Dulce Rivers, the main crops include cotton (20% of the national production), soybean, maize and onion.

Cattle farming is also important, mainly in the east, where weather conditions make it possible, but goats, with 15% of the national production, adapt better to the rest of the province.

The wood industry of quebracho and algarrobo has also added implanted species totaling an annual average of over 300 thousand tons, of which around 100,000 tons are used for timber and the rest for firewood and vegetal coal.

There is little mining but in the salt flats in the southwest. Manufacturing (less than 10% of output) consists of small industrial enterprises centred mainly on food, textiles and leather.

Tourism is somewhat developed, but only around the main tourist attractions. Tourists visit Santiago del Estero (the oldest city in Argentina) and its historical buildings and museums, Termas de Río Hondo and the Río Hondo hot springs with its 200 hotels, and the Frontal dam where water sports are practiced.

The province is home to the Copo National Park, and four protected areas: Bañados de Figueroa, Sierras de Ambargasta, Sierra de Guasayan and Sierras de Sumampa.

Culture

Important figures connected to the history of Santiago del Estero include colonel Juan Francisco Borges, leader of the Independence War (and ancestor of writer Jorge Luis Borges), as well as the revolutionary leaders Mario Roberto and Francisco René Santucho, founders of the Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores and the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo.

Among the province's most distinguished cultural figures since the 19th century have been painters Felipe Taboada, Ramon Gómez Cornet, Carlos Sánchez Gramajo, Alfredo Gogna, and Ricardo and Rafael Touriño, as well as writers Jorge Washington Ábalos, Bernardo Canal Feijóo, Clementina Rosa Quenel and Julio Carreras (h).  Amancio Jacinto Alcorta, a celebrated composer of flute concertoes and religious music, also represented Santiago del Estero in Congress through much of the mid-19th century with distinction.

Santiago del Estero's musical heritage is one of its most important cultural aspects, with typical folklore chacarera and zamba. Renowned artists and groups include the Manseros Santiagueños, Alfredo Ábalos, Leo Dan, Jacinto Piedra and Raly Barrionuevo. The province's best-known folk music ensemble is probably the Ábalos Brothers, active in the genre since 1945 and recording since 1952. The group were among the best-known folk musicians in Argentina.

Government

The provincial government is divided into three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoints the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court.

The Constitution of Santiago del Estero Province forms the formal law of the province.

In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the Santiago del Estero Provincial Police.

Political division
The province is divided into 27 departments (Spanish: departamentos).

Department (Capital)

 Aguirre Department (Pinto)
 Alberdi Department (Campo Gallo)
 Atamisqui Department (Villa Atamisqui)
 Avellaneda Department (Herrera)
 Banda Department (La Banda)
 Belgrano Department (Bandera)
 Capital Department (Santiago del Estero)
 Choya Department (Frías)
 Copo Department (Monte Quemado)
 Figueroa Department (La Cañada)
 General Taboada Department (Añatuya)
 Guasayán Department (San Pedro de Guasayán)
 Jiménez Department (Pozo Hondo)
 Juan Felipe Ibarra Department (Suncho Corral)
 Loreto Department (Loreto)
 Mitre Department (Villa Unión)
 Moreno Department (Quimilí)
 Ojo de Agua Department (Villa Ojo de Agua)
 Pellegrini Department (Nueva Esperanza)
 Quebrachos Department (Sumampa)
 Río Hondo Department (Termas de Río Hondo)
 Rivadavia Department (Selva)
 Robles Department (Fernández)
 Salavina Department (Los Telares)
 San Martín Department (Brea Pozo)
 Sarmiento Department (Garza)
 Silípica Department (Arraga)

Demographics
Historical evolution of the population of the province:

Notable people

Ana Amado (1946–2016), journalist, filmmaker, academic and feminist
Gaspar Xuarez (1731–1804), Jesuit, botanist, and naturalist

Villages

Colonia Dora
Colonia El Simbolar
Icaño, municipality and village
Los Juríes, municipality and village
Los Pirpintos, municipality and village
Palo Negro, municipality and village
Pampa de los Guanacos, municipality and village
Villa Río Hondo, municipality and village
Villa Unión, municipality and village

See also
1817 Santiago del Estero earthquake

References

External links

Historia de Santiago del Estero
 Official site: Santiago del Estero Province (in Spanish)
Santiago del Estero Culture, art, myths: in Spanish.

Provinces of Argentina
States and territories established in 1820

Santiago del Estero Province


(4321) Zero ist ein Hauptgürtelasteroid, der am 2. März 1981 von Schelte John Bus vom Siding-Spring-Observatorium aus entdeckt wurde.

Der Asteroid wurde nach dem US-amerikanischen Schauspieler Zero Mostel (1915–1977) benannt.

Weblinks

Hauptgürtelasteroid unter 50 km Durchmesser

(4321) Zero


Amykos (, latinisiert Amycus) steht für:

griechische Mythologie:
 Amykos (Sohn des Poseidon) und der Nymphe Melie, König der Bebryker
 Amykos (Kentaur), Sohn des Ophion und Gast auf der Hochzeit des Peirithoos
 Amykos (Gatte der Theano), Vater des Mimas
 Amykos (Sohn des Priamos), Gefährte des Aeneas
 Amykos (Wahrsager), möglicherweise identisch mit Ampykos
 Amykos (Sohn des Talos), ein Kreter

weitere Bedeutungen:
 (55576) Amycus, ein Asteroid der Zentauren
 USS Amycus, ein Schiff der US-Navy im Zweiten Weltkrieg
 Amycus Carrow, eine Figur aus den Harry-Potter-Romanen

Amykos


An Stipagrostis rigidifolia in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Hildemar Wolfgang Scholz. An Stipagrostis rigidifolia in nahilalakip ha genus nga Stipagrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Stipagrostis

Stipagrostis rigidifolia


Cissus alata es una especie de plantas del género Cissus en la familia Vitaceae.

Descripción
Es una planta trepadora o bejuco; con los tallos sulcados, angulados a raramente alados, los tallos jóvenes con tricomas translúcidos con septos ferrugíneos, tricomas largos, simples y pilosos a veces mezclados con tricomas de punta glandular. Las hojas 3-folioladas, cartáceas, tricomas pilosos simples,  envés con nervios a menudo aplanados y formando estructuras parecidas a domacios, pero sin concentración de tricomas, las láminas (al menos adaxialmente) con tonos cafés a verdes cuando secas; el folíolo terminal elíptico o rómbico, (2.3–) 6.8–16.5 cm de largo y (0.8–) 2–9 cm de ancho, ápice agudo a acuminado, base cuneada, peciólulo 0–20 mm de largo, folíolos laterales inequiláteros, elípticos u ovados, el ápice agudo u obtuso, base oblicuo-redondeada. Las inflorescencias de 2.5–5.3 cm de largo, con pedicelos de 1.5–4 mm de largo, las flores cremas, amarillas, amarillo-verdes o rojizas; cáliz cupuliforme, basalmente con tricomas hispídulos, ferrugíneos, cortos y gruesos mezclados con tricomas de punta glandular y apicalmente granulosos, ápice truncado; la corola en yema 1.5–2.5 mm de largo, glabra a papilada (puberulenta), ápice redondeado. Fruto obovoide, 7–9 mm de largo, purpúreo a negro; semilla 1, obovoide, 6–7 mm de largo.

Distribución y hábitat
Es una especie rara, que se encuentra en bosques de galería, de pino-encinos o secos, en  México, Nicaragua y Panamá y desde Colombia hasta Bolivia. La especie similar, Cissus osaensis Lombardi (de Costa Rica y Guatemala) se diferencia por tener las estípulas no reflexas, los peciólulos alados y folíolos de color rojo ladrillo cuando secos y caudados en el ápice. Los tricomas de punta glandular también se conocen en esta especie, pero tal vez son menos

Taxonomía
Cissus alata fue descrita por Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin y publicado en Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum Historia ... 23, pl. 182, f. 10, en el año 1763.
Etimología
Cissus: nombre genérico que deriva del griego κισσος ( kissos ), que significa "hiedra".

alata: epíteto latino que significa "alada".
Sinonimia
Cissus pubescens Kunth
Cissus rhombifolia Vahl
Cissus sulcicaulis var. alata (Jacq.) Hassl.
Vitis alata (Jacq.) Kuntze
Vitis rhombifolia (Vahl) Baker

Referencias

alata

Cissus alata


Le Conseil d'État du canton de Glaris () est le gouvernement du canton de Glaris, en Suisse.

Description
Le Conseil d'État du canton de Glaris est une autorité collégiale, composée de cinq membres (sept membres avant 2006). Il se réunit en principe une fois par semaine, à l'hôtel de ville.

Le président du gouvernement porte le titre de Landammann (féminin : Frau Landammann), le vice-président celui de Landesstatthalter (féminin : Landesstatthalterin).

Chaque membre du Conseil d'État dirige un département (). Les départements portent les noms suivants :

 Département des finances et de la santé (Departement Finanzen und Gesundheit)
 Département de la formation et de la culture (Departement Bildung und Kultur)
 Département des constructions et de l'environnement (Departement Bau und Umwelt)
 Département de l'économie et de l'intérieur (Departement Volkswirtschaft und Inneres)
 Département de la sécurité et de la justice (Departement Sicherheit und Justiz).

Élection

Les membres du Conseil d'État sont élus pour quatre ans à l'urne au système majoritaire. Ils entrent en fonction le jour de la Landsgemeinde.

Le président et le vice-président sont élus par la Landsgemeinde pour une période de deux ans. Le président n'est pas immédiatement rééligible à l'un des deux postes, tandis que le vice-président n'est pas immédiatement rééligible à son poste.

Composition

Législature en cours (2022-2026)
Date de l'élection :

 Kaspar Becker (LC), département des constructions et de l'environnement. Vice-président de 2022 à 2024
  (PLR), département de la sécurité et de la justice
 Markus Heer (PS), département de la formation et de la culture
 Marianne Lienhard (UDC), département de l'économie et de l'intérieur
 Benjamin Mühlemann (PLR), département des finances et de la santé. Président de 2022 à 2024

Anciennes compositions

2018-2022
Date de l'élection :

 Kaspar Becker (PDC)
  (PLR). Président de 2018 à 2020
 Marianne Lienhard (UDC). Présidente de 2020 à 2022
 Benjamin Mühlemann (PLR)
  (PDC)

2014-2018
Date de l'élection :

  (PLR)
 Marianne Lienhard (UDC)
  (PBD). Président de 2014 à 2016
 Benjamin Mühlemann (PLR)
  (PDC). Président de 2016 à 2018

2010-2014
Date de l'élection :

  (PLR). Président de 2012 à 2014

 Christine Bickel (PS)

  (PRD), département de l'économie et de l'intérieur

  (PBD)

  (PDC)

Histoire
En 2006, le gouvernement passe de sept à cinq membres et le mandat du président et du vice-président passe de quatre à deux ans.

Le Parti socialiste accède pour la première fois au gouvernement en 1942. Il occupe deux sièges de 1956 à 1966, de 1994 à 1998 et de 2002 à 2006.

La première femme élue au gouvernement est  (PRD) en 1998. Elle  est également la première femme à présider le gouvernement, de 2008 à 2010.

Références

Bases légales

 Gesetz über die Organisation des Regierungsrates und der Verwaltung (RVOG/GL) du  (version en vigueur : ),  II A/3/2
 Verordnung über die Organisation des Regierungsrates und der Verwaltung (RVOV/GL) du  (version en vigueur : ),  II A/3/3

Liens externes

Politique dans le canton de Glaris
Glaris

Conseil d'État du canton de Glaris


فيركنيايا سيسيرت  هي مدينة في مقاطعة سفيردلوفسك أوبلاست في روسيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 1106 نسمة.

مراجع

مدن مقاطعة سفردلوفسك

فيرخنيايا سيسيرت (سفردلوفسك)


Nissan Patrol er en 3- og 5-dørs SUV fremstillet af den japanske producent Nissan Motor (oprindeligt af Datsun) siden 1951. Det er ikke blevet importeret til Europa siden 2009

Den fåes i 2.8 3.3 og 4.2 liters turbo diesel

Patrol
Biler fra 1950'erne
Biler fra 1960'erne
Biler fra 1970'erne
Biler fra 1980'erne
Biler fra 1990'erne
Biler fra 2000'erne
Biler fra 2010'erne

Nissan Patrol


Aceasta este o listă de filme italiene din 1913:

Lista

Legături externe
 Filme italiene din 1913 la Internet Movie Database

Filme din 1913
italia
Liste de filme italiene

Listă de filme italiene din 1913


La Training Air Wing ONE (TW-1 ou TRAWING 1) est une escadre aérienne d'entraînement d'aéronefs de l'US Navy basée à la Naval Air Station Meridian (NAS Meridian), située  au nord-est de Meridian dans le Mississippi, dans le comté de Lauderdale et le comté de Kemper.

La TW-1 est l'une des cinq escadres aériennes d'entraînement du Naval Air Training Command et se compose de deux escadrons d'entraînement sur l'avion à réaction T-45C Goshawk. Elle forme des étudiants aviateurs navals de l'US Navy et de l'US Marine Corps et d'alliés internationaux.

La TW-1 produit environ 50% des pilotes d'appontage de l'US Navy, les 50% restants étant produits à la Training Air Wing Two stationnée au NAS Kingsville à Kingsville au Texas.

Historique

Unités subordonnées
Le Training Air Wing One se compose de deux escadrons dont le code de queue est A :

Voir aussi

Notes et références

Liens internes
 Naval Air Training Command
 Histoire de l'United States Navy

Liens externes
 Training Air Wing One - Site NAS Meridian
  Naval Air Training Command - Site jetwashaviationphotos.com

Training Air Wing de l'United States Navy

Training Air Wing One


Jean-Antoine Watteau (d. 10 Ekim 1684 - ö. 18 Temmuz 1721), Fransız ressam. Paris'te, kendisine İtalyan komedisinin kişilerini tanıtan ressam Gillot'nun, daha sonra Luxembourg Sarayı'nın dekoratörlüğünü yapan Audran'ın öğrencisi oldu.

İlk yapıtları, küçük esnafın ya da askerlerin günlük yaşantısından sahneleri işleyen gerçekçi tablolardır (Müfrezenin Molası, Uçan Ordugâh gibi). Sonraları, tiyatronun, Venedikli ressamların ve Rubens'in etkisi Watteau'yu kır eğlencelerinin ve şenliklerin ressamı yaptı.

En çok tanınan yapıtları Mezzetin, Gilles ve Fransız Komedyenler'dir. En meşhur resmi 1717 yılında yaptığı, aşk yolculuğuna çıkmayı bekleyen çiftleri resmettiği l'embarquement pour l'ile de cythere'dir.

Şiir dolu manzaraların içine, birbirleriyle tatlı tatlı sohbet eden, bir köşede oturup düş kuran, müzik çalan zarif tavırlı insanlar yerleştirir; kişilerin en içten duygularını yansıtmakta son derece ustadır. Bütün bu görüntülerin üstüne düşen melankoli havası ise mutluluğun geçiciliğini göstermek ister gibidir.

Galeri

1684 doğumlular
1721 yılında ölenler
18. yüzyıl Fransız ressamları
Rokoko ressamları
Fransa'da veremden ölenler

Antoine Watteau


Andromeda, modern 88 takımyıldızdan biridir. Ayrıca, Batlamyus'un 48 takımyıldızdan oluşan listesinde de geçer. Adını Yunan mitolojisindeki bir karakter olan prenses Andromeda'dan alır. Kanatlı At takımyıldızının yanında bir kuzey yarımküre takımyıldızıdır. Andromeda Gökadası'nı barındırıyor olması en dikkat çekici özelliğidir. Kimi zaman Zincirli Prenses olarak da anılır.

Dikkat çekici noktalar
Takımyıldızdaki en parlak yıldız, Sirrah adıyla da bilinen gösterilen Alpheratz'tır. Alpheratz prensesin başını temsil eder ve Bayer isimlendirme sistemine göre Alfa Andromedae olarak adlandırılır. Eskiden Andromeda ve Pegasus'un ortak yıldızı olduğu varsayılmıştır ve δ Pegasi olarak da adlandırılmaktadır. α, β, ve γ Pegasi ile Perseus'un büyük karesi'ni oluşturur.

β Andromedae Miraç (Mirach) adıyla bilinir ve prensesin kuşağını temsil eder. 88 ışık yılı uzaklıkta ve 2.1 kadirden bir yıldızdır.

γ Andromedae ya da Almaç (Almach), büyük "A"nın güney kolunun ucunda bulunur. Kontrastlı renkleriyle güzel bir çift yıldızdır.

ĸ Andromedae Güneş'ten 52 pc uzakta, B9IVn tipi bir yıldızdır. Bu yıldıza, kendisinden 55 AU uzaklıkta, ĸ And B adlı, erken-L tipi bir yıldız eşlik etmektedir.

υ Andromedae, Jüpiter kütlesinin 0.71 katı, 2.11 katı ve 4.61 katı kütlelere sahip belirlenmiş üç gezegenden oluşan bir gezegen sistemine sahiptir.

Dikkat çekici derin uzay nesneleri

Andromeda takımyıldızındaki en dikkat çekici derin uzay nesnesi M31, yani çıplak gözle görülebilecek en uzak gök cismi olan Andromeda Gökadası'dır. M31, bizim gökadamıza benzeyen devasa bir sprial gökadadır. Gökadayı bulmak için, β ve μ Andromedae arasında hayali bir çizgi çizin ve çizgiyi μ Andromedae'den sonra aynı doğrultuda ve aynı mesafede uzatın.

Mitoloji

Eğer çıplak gözle görülen daha sönük yıldızlar da hesaba katılırsa, takımyıldız, belirgin bir bel kuşağı olan (Avcı Kuşağı'na benzer şekilde) çizgilerden bir kadın figürü ortaya koyar. Bir koluna uzun bir şey iliştirilmiş gibi durmaktadır, bu yüzden bir elinde kılıç tutan bir kadın savaşçı gibi hayal edilebilir. Bazı başka yıldızlar ile birlikte Andromeda'nın bu tasviri, Herakles'in 12 Suç efsanesinin bir parçası olan Hippolyte'in kemeri efsanesinin kökenini oluşturuyor olabilir. Herkül'ün, Ares'in kızı olan Amazonların kraliçesi Hippolyte'den kemerini almak zorunda kalması, 12 Suç efsanesinde geçer. Ancak efsaneye göre, kemeri almak için kraliçe ile anlaşmışsa da, Hera'nın Amazonları kışkırtması sonucu, Amazonlar Herakles'e saldırmış, Herakles de kraliçeyi öldürmüştür.

Ne var ki, yine sönük yıldızları göz önünde bulundurarak, yıldızların daha farklı şekilde bağlandığı düşünülürse zincire vurulmuş bir genç kızın görüntüsü oluştuğu hayal edilebilir . Çevresindeki Cassiopeia, Cepheus, Cetus, Pegasus ve Perseus takımyıldızlarıyla birlikte, daha yaygın olarak bağdaştırılan Boast of Cassiopeia efsanesine kaynaklık ediyor olması muhtemeldir.

Takımyıldızın tasviri

Andromeda takımyıldızındaki yıldızlar, alternatif olarak zincire vurulmuş bir kadını gösterecek şekilde de bağlanabilir.

Alfa Andromedae prensesin başını temsil eder. Prensesin vücudu Delta Andromedae, Pi Andromedae ve Beta Andromedae yıldızlarınca şekillendirilirler. Delta Andromedae ve Pi Andromedae prensesin omuzlarını oluştururken, Beta Andromedae prensesin kalçasını oluşturmaktadır.

Prensesin bacaklarından biri beta Andromedae, Upsilon Andromedae ve Gama Andromedae tarafından şekillendirilir. Gama Andromedae, 2. kadirden bir yıldızdır ve prensesin ayağını temsil eder. Prensesin diğer bacağı beta Andromedae, Mu Andromedae, Nu Andromedae, Phi Andromedae ve 51 Andromedae ile şekillenir. 51 Andromedae yıldızı, Andromeda'yı özgürlüğüne kavuşturmaya çalışan Perseus'un elinin uzandığı prensesin diğer ayağını temsil eder.

Prensesin kollarından biri – Eta Andromedae elini temsil etmek üzere – delta Andromedae, Epsilon Andromedae, Zeta Andromedae ve Eta Andromedae ile şekillenir.

Diğer kolu – Iota Andromedae diğer elini temsil etmek üzere – Pi Andromedae, Rho Andromedae, Teta Andromedae ve Iota Andromedae yıldızlarıyla temsil edilir. Rho Andromedae, Teta Andromedae ve Sigma Andromedae yıldızları prensesin dirseğini oluşturur. Prensesin Iota Andromedae ile temsil edilen eli Lambda Andromedae, Kappa Andromedae, Iota Andromedae ve Omicron Andromedae tarafından oluşturulan bir zincirle bağlıdır.

Notlar
 H. A. Rey, The Stars — A New Way To See Them. Genişletilmiş baskı.  Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1997.  ISBN 0-395-24830-2.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Korhan Sökmen - Gökyüzüne Merhaba - Bölüm 2.7
 The Deep Photographic Guide to the Constellations: Andromeda  (İngilizce)
 NightSkyInfo.com: Constellation Andromeda  (İngilizce)

Andromeda (takımyıldız)


Çatak, İzmir'in Kiraz ilçesine bağlı bir mahalle. İlçe merkezine 12 km uzaklıktadır.

Kiraz'ın mahalleleri

Çatak, Kiraz


فيكتور هانيسكو  لاعب كرة مضرب روماني.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 معلومات عن اللاعب

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
رياضيون من بوخارست
لاعبو كرة مضرب أولمبيون من رومانيا
لاعبو كرة مضرب رومانيون
لاعبو كرة مضرب شاركوا في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية لعام 2004
لاعبو كرة مضرب شاركوا في دورة الألعاب الأولمبية الصيفية لعام 2008
مواليد 1981
مواليد في بوخارست
لاعبو كرة مضرب من بوخارست

فيكتور هانيسكو


est une station terminus nord de la ligne Hokushin intégrée dans la ligne Seishin-Yamate  du métro municipal de Kobe. Elle est située dans l'arrondissement Chūō-ku de Kita-ku, dans la préfecture de Hyōgo au Japon.

Elle devient partie du métro de Kobe en 2020, desservie par les rames de la ligne Kaiganligne Seishin-Yamate. Elle est en correspondance directe avec la gare de Tanigami dont elle partage les installations.

Situation sur le réseau

Établie en aérien, Tanigami est la station terminus nord de la ligne Hokushin intégrée dans la ligne Seishin-Yamate (verte) du métro municipal de Kobe. Elle est située avant la station Shin-Kōbe, en direction du terminus sud Seishin-chūō.

Installée dans la gare de Tanigami, elle dispose des deux voies de la ligne encadrant un quai central spécifique au métro. L'une des lignes dessert également un deuxième quai central partagé avec une ligne des trains qui est au même niveau en parallèle.

Histoire

Gare (1988-2020)
L'installation en gare de Tanigami du terminus de la ligne Hokushin est mise en service le , lors de l'ouverture à l'exploitation de la ligne par la compagnie Hokushin Kyuko Railway, propriétaire et exploitant. Le , elle devient la propriété de Kobe Rapid Transit Railway tout en étant toujours exploitée par Hokushin Kyuko Railway.

Station du métro (depuis 2020)
Elle devient une station du métro municipal de Kobe le , lors du rachat de la ligne Hokushin par le  Bureau des transports municipaux de Kobe, qui en devient également l'exploitant en l'intégrant la ligne dans son réseau comme prolongement de la ligne Seishin-Yamate et la station qui en devient le terminus nord.

Services aux voyageurs

Accès et accueil
La station partage l'accès avec la gare de Tanigami au niveau 0. L'accès au quais central du métro, niveau +1, s'effectue par un escalier mécanique, seul le quai central partagé avec la gare est accessible par un ascenseur.

Desserte
Tanigami est desservie par les rames de la ligne Seishin-Yamate, qui utilisent les voies 4 à 6.

Intermodalité
Elle est en correspondance directe avec la gare de Tanigami

À proximité

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Bureau des transports municipaux de Kobe
 Métro municipal de Kobe
 Ligne Seishin-Yamate
 Ligne Hokushin

Liens externes
 .
 .

Station de métro mise en service en 2021
Station du métro municipal de Kobe

Tanigami (métro municipal de Kobe)


Jagdamba (sanskrt जगदम्बा) božica je u hinduizmu, najviše štovana u indijskoj saveznoj državi Maharashtri. Njezino ime znači "majka svemira". Božica je poznata i kao Jagdambika te ju nazivaju mata – "majka".

Ovu božicu mnogi štovatelji povezuju s božicama Lakšmi, Bhavani, Chamundom, Chandi i Adi Parashakti.

Hramovi
Hram Devi Jagadambi
Hram u selu imena Ashvi
Hram Mahalakshmi, Kolhapur

Izvori i bilješke

Hinduističke božice

Jagdamba


Der Squash Club Biel-Bienne (SCBB) ist ein Schweizer Squashclub aus der zweisprachigen Stadt Biel/Bienne im Kanton Bern. Er spielt in der Super Ligue, der höchsten Liga von Squash Romandie.

Der SCBB wurde am 24. Oktober 1984 durch fünf Gründungsmitglieder ins Leben gerufen. Beheimatet ist der SCBB seit 2022 in der Squash Factory in Biel. Frühere Spielorte waren von 1984 bis 1995 im Squashcenter Längmatten Brügg, von 1991 bis 1995 im Squashcenter Kolibri Lyss und von 1996 bis 2021 im Squashcenter Zeughaus Biel.

Erfolge
 5. Rang - 17th European Squash Club Championships 2004
 Squash Romandie: Super Ligue Schweizer Meister 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020
 Swiss Squash: NLA Schweizer Meister 2004, 2006
 Swiss Squash: NLB Schweizer Meister 1987, 1996, 1998, 2005
 Swiss Squash: 1. Liga Meister 1989, 2004
 2004 Sportler des Jahres Biel-Bienne (Frauenteam)

Weblinks
 Squash Club Biel-Bienne

BielBienne
Sport (Biel/Bienne)
Gegründet 1984
Organisation (Biel/Bienne)

Squash Club Biel-Bienne


Bagan (burmanski: , Pugan), prije poznat kao Pagan, je od 9. do 13. stoljeća bila grad-država, prijestolnica Paganskog kraljevstva, prve države koja je ujedinila područja današnjeg Mjanmara. Područje hramova pokriva oko 36 km² i jedno je od najvećih arheoloških nalazišta u jugoistočnoj Aziji. Nalazi se na suhim središnjim ravnicama zemlje, na istočnoj obali rijeke Irrawaddy, 145 km jugozapadno od Mandalaya i na njegovom području danas živi oko 22.000 ljudi.

Tijekom svog vrhunca od 11. do 13. st., preko 10.000 budističkih hramova, pagoda i samostana je izgrađeno samo u Baganskoj dolini. Od njih je sačuvano njih više od 2.200. Zato je Bagan upisan na UNESCO-ov popis mjesta svjetske baštine u Aziji 2019. godine kao "sveti krajolik s iznimnim rasponom budističke umjetnosti i arhitekture ... koji odražava snagu religiozne pobožnosti ranog budističkog carstva".

Povijest

Nekoć se zvao Arimaddanapura ili Arimaddana ("Grad gazitelja neprijatelja") i Tambadipa ("Zemlja bakra") ili Tassadessa ("Isušena zemlja"), te je bio prijestolnica nekoliko drevnih kraljevstava u Burmi.

Bagan je zbog svog iznimno povoljnog položaja na Irrawaddyju, na kojemu su se sastajali trgovački putovi iz Kine i Indije, sredinom 9. stoljeća postao središnjim mjestom Gornje Burme. Grad je kralj okružio zidinama 849. godine i u to vrijeme počelo je prodiranje indijskog tantrizma ili vađrajana-budizma i kultna mješavina izvornog štovanja zmija. U blizini nekadašnjeg gradskog zida nalazila su se dva zatvorena naselja indijsko-bengalskih imigranata od 9. do 10. stoljeća; iskopana u 19. stoljeću.

Uspon Bagana započeo je dolaskom na vlast kralja Anawrahta (također Anuruddha) 1044. godine. Konkretno, Anawratha je usvojio budizam i protjerao 1056. svećenika iz matičnog hrama zmija. Pod njim i njegovim sinom Kyanzitthom (1084. – 1113.), grad je dostigao svoj vrhunac, a teravada budizam je postao hegemonistička religija i instrument moći u konkurenciji s drevnim lokalnim uvjerenjima. Carstvo se pod Anawrahtom proširilo od suhe zone na sjeveru do podčinjenih Mon centara Pegua (današnji Bago) i Thatona u delti Irrawaddy. Navodno je Anawrahta zamolio kralja Manuhua iz Thatona za redovnike i svete spise za pouku svoga naroda. Međutim, kako Manuhu nije udovoljio zahtjevu, 1057. god. Anawratha je napao i osvojio Thaton i doveo cijelu Mon kraljvsku obitelj u Bagan. Kao rezultat, budizam se proširio na Bagan, usvojeno je monsko pismo i njegova književna kultura, a Bagan je izrastao u jedan od najvećih gradova u srednjem vijeku (oko 40 km²), oko 15 puta veći od srednjovjekovnog Londona.

Kyanzittha je također proširio političke i vjerske odnose na more i na Cejlon. Pagansko kraljevstvo je izgrađeno po uzoru na hinduistička kraljevstva s prijestoljem u glavnom gradu koje financirano oporezivanjem pojedinih kućanstava ili župnim službama u selima kojima upravlja myothugis (upravitelji naselja s nasljednim pravima). S vremenom su se osiguravala sve veća područja budističkih samostana u obliku tzv. "robovskih sela" radi održavanja monaštva (sangha). Kraljevstvo je također ozvaničilo ulogu kralja kao branitelja budizma. Za vrijeme mira od 250 godina, pobožni vladari ostavili su gotovo 6.000 pagoda od kojih je oko 2.000 sačuvano, po čemu je Bagan i danas poznat.

Propast Paganskog kraljevstva započela je u 13. st. zbog visokih cijena održavanja hramova, samostana koji nisu plaćali poreze, te upravitelja koji su zadržavali prihode svojih pokrajina i lišavali državu poreza. Tako oslabljenu su je zatekli Tajlanđani i Mongoli, koji su upadali sa sjevera. Na koncu je kralj Narathihapate (vl. 1256. – 1287.) došao u sukob s mongolskom dinastijom Yuan iz Kine. Prije nego što je vojska mongolskog cara Kublaj-kana zauzela grad 1287. godine, vladar Bagana je srušio mnoge hramove zbog podizanja gradskog zida. Narathihapate je pobjegao iz grada prije njegova pada i njegovim bijegom je mit o Baganu kao mostu između neba i zemlje konačno uništen. Kraljevstvo, koje je ranije vladalo Baganom od južnog podnožja Himalaja do Indijskog oceana, sljedeća dva stoljeća razlomilo se u brojne male države koje su se neprestano borile između sebe. Bagan u sljedećim stoljećima više nije imao status prijestolnice, a Gornja Burma je pala pod utjecaj naroda Šan, dok je Donjom Burmom ponovno vladao narod Mon.

Mjere za registraciju i obnovu povijesnog izgleda zgrada započele su 1958. god. kada je burmanski institut za arheologiju napravio kopije natpisa na zidovima hrama Ananda. Uslijedila je obnova slika 1962., ali je obnova postala je nemoguća nakon teškog potresa 1975. godine kojemu je epicentar bio upravo u Baganu.

UNESCO je godinama bez uspjeha pokušao označiti Bagan kao mjesto svjetske baštine. Naime, vojna hunta (SPDC) je restaurirala drevne stupe, hramove i zgrade, ignorirajući drevne arhitektonske stilove i koristeći suvremene materijale koji nemaju veze s originalnim planovima. Također je sagrađeno i golf igralište, auto-cesta, te 61 m visok toranj u jugoistočnom predgrađu Minnanthu. No, nakon pregovora Mjanmarske vlade s agencijom UN-a u Njemačkoj u lipnju 2002. godine ostvaren je značajan napredak i Bagan je ostvario minimum uvjeta da 2019. god. bude proglašen za svjetsku baštinu.

Danas je "Arheološko područje Bagana" jedno od najvažnijih turističkih destinacija Mjanmara, ravno Angkor Watu u Kambodži.

Odlike

Vladari Bagana su svoju moć blisko povezali s budističkom vjerom kroz simboliku. Tako su preoblikovali izgled gradskog središta Bagana u sliku središta budističkog kozmosa. Naime, trg koji je danas uništen vijuganjem Irrawaddyja stajao je za planinu bogova, Meru, te je bio podijeljen na devet polja; osam vanjskih dijelova predstavljaju prethodno poznatih osam planeta Sunčevog sustava, a deveto, središnje polje, rezervirano je u budističkoj mitologiji za samog Gautama Budu. Ovdje je kralj Anawrahta sagradio svoju palaču i hram Mahabodhi, koji je manja kopija hrama Mahabodhi iz Indije.

Bagan se ističe ne samo velikim brojem vjerskih građevina u Mjanmaru, već i veličanstvenom arhitekturom zgrada i njihovim doprinosom oblikovanju burmanskog hrama. One se mogu svrstati u dvije skupine: hramovi u obliku stupa i "šuplji hramovi" gu stila.
Najstarije stupe, kao Bupaya (9. st.), su u Pyu stilu, kao kod onih iz Sri Ksetra s jajolikim kupolama i lanternama. No, u 11. st. razvile su se zvonolike kupole dok su lanterne od sve manjih i manjih prstenova s pupoljkom lotusa na vrhu, kao što je Shwezigon pagoda.
Šuplji hramovi gu-stila mogu imati jedan ulaz (kao kod Beikthano hrama), ili četiri s po jednim na svakom pročelju, a glavna odlika su im šiljasti lukovi i izvorno paganske nadsvođene prostorije koje su u razdoblja Pagana bivale sve veće i veće. Kasnije se spajanjem ova dva tipa nastao petostrani hram, kao što su Dhammayazika i Ngamyethna.

U utrci za milost bogova, hramovi, pagode i samostani od opeke građeni su bez obzira na ogromne troškove, a ukrašeni su pješčenjakom, glaziranim pločicama i štukaturama. Osim arhitektonski zanimljivih spomenika, zidne slike od 11. do 13. stoljeća sadrže najstarije sačuvane slike u jugoistočnoj Aziji, od kojih su neke vrhunski očuvane zbog izuzetno suhe klime u Baganu.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Slike Bagana
 Dr. Richard M. Cooler, The Art and Culture of Burma - the Pagan Period , Northern Illinois University

Povijest Mjanmara
Arheološki lokaliteti u Aziji
Drevni gradovi
Svjetska baština u Aziji

Bagan


Maryborough  er en by i Queensland i Australien. Byen blev grundlagt i 1847 og havde i 2011 en befolkning på 21.777.

Eksterne henvisninger

Byer i Queensland

Maryborough (Queensland)


IAI Harop je lebdeće streljivo koje je razvio MBT odjel kompanije Israel Aerospace Industries. Streljivo lebdi iznad bojnog polja i po naredbi napada mete.

Pregled
IAI Harop ima vrijeme letenja od 6 sati i domet od 1000 km u oba smjera. To je veća verzija IAI Harpy i lansira se iz spremnika sa zemlje ili mora, ali se može prilagoditi za lansiranje iz zraka. Haropom upravlja daljinski operater koji može odabrati statične ili pokretne mete koje otkrije elektrooptički senzor letjelice.

IAI je razvio manju verziju Haropa za manje aplikacije pod nazivom Mini-Harop ili Green Dragon. Manji Harop veličine je jedne petine normalnoga i ima lakšu bojnu glavu od 3 – 4 kg.  Izdržljivost mu je 2 do 3 sata i koristi se taktički protiv vremenski kritičnih ciljeva ili onih koji se skrivaju i ponovno pojavljuju.

Operateri

 Azerbejdžan
 Njemačka (samo za probne svrhe, bez prelaska na redovnu upotrebu)
 Maroko
 Indija
 Turska
 Izrael
 Singapur

Tehnički podaci
 Posada: —
 Dužina: 2,5 m
 Raspon krila: 3,00 m
 Domet komunikacije: 200 km
 radarski potpis (RCS): < 0,5m2

Performanse
 Najveća brzina: 417 km/h (225 čv)
 Domet: 1000 km
 Izdržljivost: 9 sati
 Plafon leta: 4600 m (15.000 stopa)

Naoružanje
 bojeve glave od 23 kg
 preciznost (CEP): < 0,5 m s bojnom glavom od 16 kg

Izvori

Izraelsko lebdeće streljivo
Harop

IAI Harop


I Will Remember You conocido en América Latina como Siempre te recordaré y en España como Te recordaré es el octavo episodio de la primera temporada de la serie de televisión estadounidense Ángel. Escrito por David Greenwalt junto a Jeannine Renshaw y dirigido por David Grossman. Se estrenó originalmente el 23 de noviembre de 1999. El episodio tiene un cross over con el episodio Pangs de la cuarta temporada de la serie Buffy la cazavampiros.

Argumento
Buffy sorprende a Ángel al visitar Los Ángeles para ver a su padre y de paso criticarlo por haber visitado Sunnydale para protegerla sin siquiera haberla saludado. Si bien la expareja se encontraba discutiendo muy seriamente, la plática es interrumpida por la llegada de un demonio Mohra al que logran herir a duras cuestas.

Ambos buscan el rastro del demonio por las alcantarillas pero es Ángel el que lo intercepta y lo mata. En la pelea, parte de la sangre del demonio Mohra se mezcla con la herida del vampiro, el cual como efecto lo transforma en un ser humano. Sorprendido por el acontecimiento un feliz Ángel trata de disfrutar los beneficios de ser humano de nuevo al caminar por el sol y comer alimentos humanos. No obstante también aprovecha para reanudar su noviazgo con la cazadora sin el temor de perder su alma en el progreso.

Sin embargo Ángel no deja de pensar en las consecuencias que puede tener su transformación y por sugerencia de Doyle visita a los Oráculos, unos seres místicos superiores que lo saben todo, quienes le confirman al vampiro que no tiene nada de que preocuparse, aunque también le revelan que el demonio Mohra sigue vivo y que se está preparando para vengarse de la persona que lo mató.

A pesar de que ya no tiene sus poderes, un decidido Ángel decide enfrentarse al demonio con ayuda de Doyle y así no involucrar a Buffy. Pero Ángel y Doyle son fácilmente derrotados por el Mohra, quien muere a manos de la inoportuna Buffy. Advertido de que el Mohra ahora estará detrás de Buffy, confirmado por los oráculos, Ángel le suplica a los seres de convertirlo de nuevo en un vampiro con alma. Los Oráculos le comentan que lo único que pueden hacer es regresar el tiempo 24 horas antes de todo lo acontecido para que Ángel mate al demonio sin convertirse en humano, pero también le advierten que solo él tendrá los recuerdos del día para evitar que los mismos acontecimientos se repitan.

Un triste Ángel acepta la propuesta y se lo comenta a Buffy, quien se enfurece con el por haber sacrificado probablemente su última oportunidad de vivir juntos. Ángel le dice que lo siente y ambos se abrazan mientras el tiempo vuelve atrás. El tiempo los regresa justo en el momento en que Buffy llega a Investigaciones Ángel y la repentina aparición del demonio Mohra. Ángel, nuevamente como vampiro, aprovecha la oportunidad para matar limpiamente y de un solo golpe al demonio salvándole la vida a su amada y quedando como el único testigo de la noche que compartió con la cazadora.

Elenco

Principal
 David Boreanaz como Ángel.
 Charisma Carpenter como Cordelia Chase.
 Glenn Quinn como Allen Francis Doyle.

Continuidad
 Crossover con Buffy: Este episodio es una secuela del episodio Pangs emitido irónicamente justo antes.
 Este episodio marca el último encuentro entre Buffy Summers y Cordelia Chase quienes no volvieron a compartir ninguna otra escena en toda la franquicia.
 Aparecen por primera vez los oráculos, dos seres místicos, hermano y hermana, de carácter superior y algo orgulloso que aparecen hasta el final de temporada de la serie.

Recepción y críticas
Este episodio fue llamado el mejor de toda la serie por una encuesta realizada para la revista Ángel.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Episodios de la primera temporada de Angel

I Will Remember You (Angel)


Første hjælp ved krigsskader er en dansk instruktionsfilm fra 1953, der er instrueret af Svend Aage Lorentz.

Handling

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1953

Instruktionsfilm fra Danmark
Førstehjælp

Første hjælp ved krigsskader


An Helictotrichon cantabricum in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Mariano Lagasca y Segura, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Gervais. An Helictotrichon cantabricum in nahilalakip ha genus nga Helictotrichon, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Helictotrichon

Helictotrichon cantabricum


يمثل البيان أو الرسم البياني (ج رسوم بيانية) أو المبيان (ج مبيانات) في الرياضيات تمثيلاً تجريدياً لمجموعة من الأجسام يكون فيها بعض الأزواج مرتبطاً بارتباطات. الأجسام المتصلة بينياً ممثلة باختصارات رياضية تدعى الفواصل أو العُقَد، والاتصالات التي تصل بعض أزواج الفواصل تدعى الحوافّ. يتم تصوّر الرسم البياني عادة بشكل تخطيطي على شكل مجموعة من النقط للفواصل موصولة بواسطة خطوط أو منحنيات لتشكيل الحواف.

على سبيل المثال، يمكن تأسيس بيان عبر اختيار الفواصل بأن تكون أول 1000 رقم صحيح موجب، وبتعريف أن الحافة موجودة بين فاصلتين إذا وفقط إذا كان هذان العددان الصحيحان لهما رقم عشري واحد على الأقل مشترك فيما بينهما.

أنواع الرسوم البيانية

التمييز بين المصطلحات الأساسية لبيان
 بيان غير موجّه
 بيان موجّه
 بيان مختلط
 بيان متعدد
 بيان بسيط
 بيان ذو وزن
 بيان رخو الحافة أو ذو نصف حافّة

صفوف الرسوم البيانية الهامة

 الرسم البياني المنتظم
 الرسم البياني الكامل وهو بيان غير موجّه بسيط بحيث أنه كل زوج من الرؤوس متصل بضلع.
 الرسوم البياني المنتهية وغير المنتهية
 صفوف الرسوم البيانية ذات الاتصالات

انظر أيضا
 مصفوفة المجاورة
 تحويلة ستار دلتا

مصادر

نظرية المخططات
نظرية المخططات الجبرية

بيان (رياضيات منفصلة)


An Prosthechea roraimensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Vitorino Paiva Castro ngan Marcos Antonio Campacci. An Prosthechea roraimensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Prosthechea, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Prosthechea

Prosthechea roraimensis


6661 Ikemura este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
6661 Ikemura este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Kani de Yoshikane Mizuno și Toshimasa Furuta. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,38 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 2,7° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 6001-7000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1993
Centura de asteroizi

6661 Ikemura


Onthophagus tamijii é uma espécie de inseto do género Onthophagus, família Scarabaeidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Kon, Sakai & Ochi em 2000.

Referências

Ligações externas

tamijii
Coleópteros descritos em 2000

Onthophagus tamijii


Volnay est une entreprise de parfumerie française fondée en 2014. Elle exploite des parfums de luxe, dont certains ont été créés sous le même nom au début du  par une précédente parfumerie familiale, les Parfums de Volnay.

Historique

L'entreprise historique Parfums de Volnay
La société Parfums de Volnay est créée en 1919 à Suresnes par René Duval alors même qu'il est salarié de la parfumerie François Coty. La société se développe, y compris à l'international, notamment après le mariage de René Duval avec Germaine Madeline en 1925.

Les parfums produits à cette époque sont devenus des objets de collection car le flaconnage était dessiné par René Lalique : ainsi la vente aux enchères à Genève d'un flacon d'Ambre de Siam créé en 1925 a convaincu 70 ans plus tard Muriel Madeline de reprendre l'exploitation de l'entreprise historique.

Après la mort de son mari en 1936, Germaine Duval oriente la parfumerie vers le conditionnement de parfums pour d'autres entreprises. Dans sa monographie publiée en 1965, l'historien de Suresnes René Sordes indique qu'. L'usine de Suresnes des Parfums de Volnay finit par cesser son activité, qui est transférée en Normandie en 1994. En 2011, les Parfums de Volnay déposent le bilan et les salariés sont licenciés.

L'entreprise moderne Volnay
L'entreprise moderne Volnay est créée en 2014 par Muriel et Olivier Madeline, descendant de Germaine Duval.

Volnay décide de reprendre les jus historiques en les adaptant aux tendances du jour, de viser le marché russe et celui du Moyen-Orient tout en développant un réseau de vente en France. Les créations sont l'œuvre d'Amélie Bourgeois, parfumeur-créatrice.

Productions
Les différents parfums sont tous élaborés à partir d'une base commune comportant de la rose, de la vanille et de la giroflée et dénommée « base 4092 » :
 Cerny, 1919
 Ambre indien, 1922
 Cap d'Or, 1922
 Chypre, 1922
 Fivefly, 1922
 Yapana, 1922, reformulation en 2013
 Ambre de Siam, 1925
 Gabrielle Dorziat, 1925
 Perlinette, 1925
 Choses du passé, 1928
 Gri gri, 1928
 Iris neige, 1928
 Cachucha, 1937
 Très français, 1937
 Objet céleste, 2015

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Site de l'entreprise

Parfumeur français
Suresnes

Volnay (parfumerie)


Maglen (latinski: Scutiger pes-caprae) jestiva je gljiva iz porodice Albatrellaceae.

Sinonimi
Izvor:

Opis
Širina klobuka iznosi oko 5 – 20 cm. Klobuk je nepravilan, mesnat, najprije konveksan, a kasnije ravan. Klobuk je boje cimeta ili kave, crno smeđ kod starijih gljiva. Cjevčice s donje strane klobuka su bjelkaste, a kod starijih primjeraka žućkaste i široke. Meso je ugodnog mirisa.

Jestivost
Za maglen se smatra da je kvalitetna, jestivu gljivu, posebno je dobar za kiseljenje.

Izvori

Dodatna literatura
 Lj. Grlić, Samoniklo jestivo bilje, Zagreb 1980.

Vanjske poveznice

 Scutiger pes-caprae, Index Fungorum

Jestive gljive

Maglen


بلدية هليلتوشزا دي لوس مونتس , هي إحدى بلديات مقاطعة بطليوس, التي تقع في منطقة إكستريمادورا, والتي تقع في غرب إسبانيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها 764 نسمة وفقاً لإحصائية سنة (2002).

مراجع

أماكن مأهولة في بطليوس
بلديات بطليوس

هليلتوشزا دي لوس مونتس


An Melica racemosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Carl Peter Thunberg. An Melica racemosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Melica, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Melica

Melica racemosa


المتوكل على الله الثاني هو عبد العزيز بن يعقوب بن محمد المتوكل، كنيته أبو العز، وهو أحد الخلفاء العباسيين في القاهرة. ولد عام 819 هـ (الموافق 1416 م) وتولى الخلافة من عام 884 هـ إلى عام 903 هـ (1479 م – 1497 م).

مراجع

 المتوكل على الله "الثاني" في الموسوعة الإسلامية المعاصرة

خلفاء عباسيون في القرن 15
مواليد 1416
وفيات 1497

عبد العزيز المتوكل على الله


Seseria es un género de lepidópteros ditrisios de la subfamilia Pyrginae dentro de la familia Hesperiidae. Son de la región indomalaya.

Especies
Seseria affinis
Seseria dohertyi
Seseria formosana
Seseria sambara
Seseria sesame
Seseria strigata

Referencias

Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

Enlaces externos

 Tree of Life

Tagiadini

Seseria


Konstandínos "Kostas" Filippídis (; * 26. November 1986 in Athen) ist ein griechischer Leichtathlet, der sich auf den Stabhochsprung spezialisiert hat.

Sportliche Laufbahn
Erste internationale Erfahrungen sammelte Kostas Filippidis im Jahr 2003, als er bei den Jugendweltmeisterschaften im kanadischen Sherbrooke mit übersprungenen 4,95 m den vierten Platz belegte. Anschließend gewann er beim Europäischen Olympischen Jugendfestival (EYOF) in Paris mit 4,80 m die Bronzemedaille. Im Jahr darauf siegte er bei den Balkan-Hallenmeisterschaften in Peania mit 5,40 m und im Juli klassierte er sich bei den Juniorenweltmeisterschaften in Grosseto mit einer Höhe von 5,35 m auf dem vierten Platz. 2005 siegte er erneut bei den Balkan-Hallenmeisterschaften in Peania mit 5,50 m und schied anschließend bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Madrid mit 5,60 m in der Qualifikation aus. Anfang Juli siegte er bei den Mittelmeerspielen in Almería mit 5,60 m und gewann kurz darauf bei den Junioreneuropameisterschaften in Kaunas mit 5,45 m die Silbermedaille. Daraufhin schied er bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Helsinki mit 5,45 m in der Qualifikation aus und gewann anschließend bei der Sommer-Universiade in Izmir mit 5,75 m die Silbermedaille hinter dem Deutschen Björn Otto und stellte damit auch einen neuen griechischen Landesrekord auf. 2006 startete er bei den Europameisterschaften in Göteborg, verpasste dort aber mit 5,35 m den Finaleinzug. 2007 gewann er bei den Balkan-Hallenmeisterschaften in Piräus mit 5,35 m die Silbermedaille und wurde dann am 16. Juni 2007 bei einer Dopingkontrolle positiv auf das Stimulanz Etilefrin getestet. Zunächst wurde eine zweijährige Sperre wegen eines Verstoßes gegen die Dopingbestimmungen verhängt, die Anfang 2009 mit Inkrafttreten des neuen WADA-Codes aufgrund des Lex-mitior-Grundsatzes aufgehoben wurde.

2009 belegte er bei den Studentenweltspielen in Belgrad mit 5,15 m den neunten Platz und schied daraufhin bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Berlin mit 5,55 m in der Qualifikation, ehe er beim IAAF/VTB Bank World Athletics Final in Thessaloniki mit 5,50 m den sechsten Platz belegte. Im Jahr darauf klassierte er sich bei den Hallenweltmeisterschaften in Doha mit 5,65 m auf dem vierten Platz und im Sommer schied er bei den Europameisterschaften in Barcelona mit 5,40 m erneut in der Qualifikationsrunde aus. 2011 wurde er bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Paris mit übersprungenen 5,61 m Fünfter und bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Daegu erreichte er mit 5,75 m im Finale Rang sechs. 2012 siegte er bei den Balkan-Hallenmeisterschaften in Istanbul mit einer Höhe von 5,75 m und kurz darauf wurde er bei den Hallenweltmeisterschaften ebendort mit 5,70 m Siebter. Anschließend gelangte er bei den Europameisterschaften in Helsinki mit 5,72 m auf den fünften Platz und nahm dann an den Olympischen Spielen in London teil, bei denen er mit 5,65 m im Finale den sechsten Platz belegte. Nach den Spielen sprang er in Lausanne mit 5,80 m neuen Landesrekord.

2013 belegte er bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Göteborg mit 5,76 m den vierten Platz und anschließend siegte er bei der Diamond League in Doha mit neuem Landesrekord von 5,82 m und anschließend siegte er mit 5,72 m bei der Athletissima in Lausanne. Bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Moskau erreichte er mit 5,65 m Rang zehn und wurde dann beim Memorial Van Damme in Brüssel mit 5,74 m Zweiter. Im Jahr darauf siegte Filippidis bei den Hallenweltmeisterschaften im polnischen Sopot mit einer Höhe von 5,80 m. Mitte Mai wurde er beim Shanghai Golden Grand Prix mit 5,62 m Zweiter und bei den Bislett Games in Oslo mit 5,60 m Dritter. Im August wurde er bei den Europameisterschaften in Zürich mit 5,60 m Siebter und siegte dann beim DN Galan in Stockholm mit 5,60 m und wurde beim Memorial Van Damme mit 5,65 m Zweiter. 2015 belegte er bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Prag mit 5,75 m den fünften Platz und Mitte Mai siegte er beim Diamond League Auftakt in Doha mit 5,75 m. Bei der Diamond League in Paris Saint-Denis steigerte er den griechischen Landesrekord auf 5,91 m und siegte damit auch in diesem Wettkampf. Anschließend wurde er beim Herculis mit 5,82 m Zweiter und schied bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Peking mit 5,55 m in der Qualifikationsrunde aus, ehe er beim Memorial Van Damme mit 5,80 m Dritter wurde. Im Jahr darauf belegte er bei den Hallenweltmeisterschaften in Portland mit 5,65 m den siebten Platz und Anfang Juli wurde er bei den Europameisterschaften in Amsterdam mit 5,30 m ebenfalls Siebter. Anschließend nahm er erneut an den Olympischen Spielen in Rio de Janeiro teil und belegte dort mit 5,50 m im Finale den siebten Platz.

2017 gewann er bei den Balkan-Hallenmeisterschaften in Belgrad mit 5,71 m die Silbermedaille und kurz darauf gewann er bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften ebendort mit neuem Hallenrekord von 5,85 m die Silbermedaille hinter dem Polen Piotr Lisek. Im Jahr darauf belegte er bei den Hallenweltmeisterschaften in Birmingham mit 5,70 m den siebten Platz und bei den Europameisterschaften in Berlin wurde er mit übersprungenen 5,75 m Sechster. 2019 gelangte er bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Glasgow bis ins Finale, scheiterte dort aber an der Anfangshöhe und bei den Weltmeisterschaften in Doha schied er mit 5,70 m in der Qualifikation aus. Auch bei den Halleneuropameisterschaften in Toruń reichten 5,50 m nicht für den Finaleinzug. Ende Juli verpasste er auch bei den Olympischen Spielen in Tokio mit 5,50 m den Finaleinzug.

In den Jahren 2005 und von 2009 bis 2020 wurde Filippídis griechischer Meister im Stabhochsprung im Freien sowie 2007 un von 2010 bis 2017 auch in der Halle.

Persönliche Bestleistungen
 Stabhochsprung: 5,91 m, 4. Juli 2015 in Paris Saint-Denis (griechischer Rekord)
 Stabhochsprung (Halle): 5,85 m, 3. März 2017 in Belgrad (griechischer Rekord)

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Stabhochspringer (Griechenland)
Olympiateilnehmer (Griechenland)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2012
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2016
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2020
Teilnehmer der Mittelmeerspiele 2005
Universiadeteilnehmer (Griechenland)
Teilnehmer der Sommer-Universiade 2005
Teilnehmer der Sommer-Universiade 2009
Weltmeister (Stabhochsprung)
Mittelmeerspielesieger (Stabhochsprung)
Griechischer Meister (Leichtathletik)
Dopingfall in der Leichtathletik
Doping in Griechenland
Leichtathlet (Panellinios Athen)
Grieche
Geboren 1986
Mann

Konstandinos Filippidis


Johann Michael Keller der Jüngere (* 16. Juni oder 16. Juli 1721 in Neckarsulm; † 11. August 1794 ebenda) war Architekt, Baumeister der Deutschordensballei Franken sowie Stadtbaumeister der Freien Reichsstadt Schwäbisch Gmünd.

Leben
Als Sohn des Baumeisters Johann Michael Keller der Ältere und Neffe des Baumeisters der Deutschordensballei Franken Franz Keller lernte auch Johann Michael Keller der Jüngere den Beruf des Baumeisters. Nachdem Keller vermutlich durch den Deutschorden nach Schwäbisch Gmünd vermittelt wurde, begann seine Bautätigkeit dort 1753. Neben unzähligen Profanbauten baute und erneuerte er auch viele Sakralbauten. Wohl schon in seiner Lehrzeit ist er mit dem Baumeister Balthasar Neumann in Berührung gekommen. Nach dessen Tod wurde er an der Abtei Neresheim mehrmals mit Arbeiten betraut.

Kellers Arbeit in Schwäbisch Gmünd zeichnet sich, vor allem auch bei den bürgerlichen Profanbauten, durch den Zuschnitt der fürstlich-repräsentativen Bauweise des Barocks und Rokokos, auf die bürgerlichen Ansprüche der Bürgerschaft in der Reichsstadt. Die Zurückhaltung in der Dekoration der Häuser kompensierte er oft durch Farbe, wodurch zum Beispiel in Gmünd auch Bezeichnungen wie "Rotes Haus", "Gelbes Haus" etc. zustande kamen. Weiter ist für seine Bausweise charakteristisch, dass er bei seinen unzähligen Neubauten meist vorhandene Fundamente von Vorgängerbauten nutze.

Werke (Auswahl)

Literatur

 Joachim Hennze, Die Keller. Eine fränkische Baumeisterfamilie des Barockzeitalters  (Dissertation masch. schriftl. Universität Freiburg im Breisgau, 1986).
 Walter Klein: Johann Michael Keller, ein Gmünder Baumeister des Barocks. Greiner & Pfeiffer, Stuttgart 1923 (Internet Archive).
 Albert Deibele: Von dem Baumeister Johann Michael Keller. In: Gmünder Heimatblätter. 4, 1957, S. 29–31.

Weblinks

 Beitrag zu Neckarsulm

Baumeister des Barock
Person (Schwäbisch Gmünd)
Person (Neckarsulm)
Historische Person (Baden-Württemberg)
Deutscher
Geboren 1721
Gestorben 1794
Mann

Johann Michael Keller der Jüngere


La Ruta Estatal de Nevada 518, y abreviada SR 518 (en inglés: Nevada State Route 518) es una carretera estatal estadounidense ubicada en el estado de Nevada. La carretera inicia en el Oeste desde la  hacia el Este en la Jacobsen Way en Carson City. La carretera tiene una longitud de 1,6 km (1.017 mi).

Mantenimiento
Al igual que las autopistas interestatales, y las rutas federales y el resto de carreteras estatales, la Ruta Estatal de Nevada 518 es administrada y mantenida por el Departamento de Transporte de Nevada por sus siglas en inglés Nevada DOT.

Véase también

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial de Nevada DOT

 Lista de Autopistas por estado
 Lista de sitios web de carreteras para cada estado

Carreteras estatales de Nevada

Ruta Estatal de Nevada 518


Bingo () est un film américain réalisé par John Badham, sorti en 1976.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre : Bingo
 Titre original :
 Réalisation : John Badham
 Scénario : Hal Barwood et Matthew Robbins d'après le roman de William Brashler
 Photographie : Bill Butler
 Montage : David Rawlins
 Musique : William Goldstein
 Pays d'origine : États-Unis
 Genre : comédie
 Date de sortie : 1976

Distribution
 Billy Dee Williams : Bingo Long
 James Earl Jones : Leon Carter
 Richard Pryor : Charlie Snow
 Rico Dawson : Willie Lee Shively
 Sam 'Birmingham' Brison : Louis Keystone
  : Emory « Champ » Chambers
 Leon Wagner : Fat Sam Popper
 Tony Burton : Issac
 John McCurry : Walter Murchman
 Stan Shaw : Esquire Joe Callaway
 Ted Ross : Sallison « Sallie » Potter
 Mabel King : Bertha Dewitt
 Ken Foree : Honey
 Carl Gordon : Mack
 Ahna Capri : la prostituée
 Joel Fluellen :  Holland

Liens externes

Film américain sorti en 1976
Comédie américaine
Film réalisé par John Badham
Film se déroulant dans les années 1930
Film sur le baseball
Negro League

Bingo (film, 1976)


Santa Ricarda de Andlau (también conocida como Riquilda) (c. 840-18 de septiembre de 895), fue una emperatriz y mujer de Carlos III el Gordo. Fue santificada por su piedad.

Biografía

Nació en Alsacia, hija de Erchanger, conde de Nordgau, de la familia de Ahalolfinger. Se casó con Carlos en 862 y fue coronada con él en Roma por el papa Juan VIII en 881. El matrimonio no tuvo hijos. Tanto Ricarda como Carlos, según se indica en 887, fueron acusados de adulterio, por lo que su matrimonio no fue consumado. En esa crisis, en un esfuerzo por derrocar al poderoso y odiado Liutuardo, archicanciller de Carlos, Ricarda y Liutuardo fueron acusados por Carlos y sus cortesanos de adulterio. Ella se puso bajo la prueba de fuego, que pasó con éxito.

Posteriormente se retiró a la abadía de Andlau, que ella misma había fundado en el año 880, y donde su sobrina Rotrod era abadesa. Ricarda fue previamente abadesa de las casas religiosas en la abadía Säckingen y Zúrich). Murió en Andlau el 18 de septiembre y fue enterrada allí.

Culto

Ricarda fue canonizada más tarde por laIglesia católica y sus restos fueron trasladados en noviembre de 1049 por el papa León IX a una tumba más lujosa en la recién reconstruida iglesia de la abadía. La tumba actual data del 1350.

Ricarda es la patrona de Andlau, y protectora de los incendios. Su iconografía se refiere a su condición de emperatriz, monja y su prueba de fuego. El oso y el arado se refieren a la leyenda de la fundación de la Abadía de Andlau.

Bibliografía
 EKKART SAUSER, ''Richardis (Richarde, Richgarda, Richkart): hl. Kaiserin|spalten=1141-1142

Enlaces externos

Consortes de Borgoña
Reyes santos
Santas
Santos católicos de Francia del siglo IX
Santos nobles
Reinas consortes de Lotaringia
Reinas consortes de Sajonia
Reinas consortes de los reyes carolingios del siglo IX

Ricarda de Andlau


Stuart Taylor (28 de noviembre de 1980, Romford, Inglaterra) es un exfutbolista inglés, que se desempeñaba como Portero su último club fue el Southampton de la Premier League.

Selección nacional

Ha sido internacional con la Selección de fútbol de Inglaterra Sub-21.

Clubes

Palmarés

Campeonatos nacionales

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Ficha en Transfermarkt
 Ficha completa del jugador

Futbolistas de Inglaterra
Futbolistas del Arsenal Football Club
Futbolistas del Bristol Rovers Football Club
Futbolistas del Crystal Palace Football Club
Futbolistas del Peterborough United Football Club
Futbolistas del Leicester City Football Club
Futbolistas del Aston Villa Football Club
Futbolistas del Cardiff City Football Club
Futbolistas del Manchester City Football Club
Futbolistas del Reading Football Club
Futbolistas del Yeovil Town Football Club
Futbolistas del Leeds United Football Club
Futbolistas del Southampton Football Club
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-18 de Inglaterra
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-20 de Inglaterra
Futbolistas de la selección de fútbol sub-21 de Inglaterra
Nacidos en Romford

Stuart Taylor


Center Céramique Maastricht er en multifunktionel bygning i Maastricht, i distriktet Céramique, som ligger på hjørnet af torvet af 1992 og Avenue Céramique. Bygningen er designet af Jo Coenen. Den huser blandt andet Maastrichts Hovedbibliotek, hvis historie går tilbage til år 1662. Bygningen har syv etager og mod syd danner en voldgrav danner adskillelsen mod de omkringliggende bygninger. På det sydøstlige hjørne er der opført et kunstværk af Ine af Helfteren. Bygningen stod færdig i 1999.

I Centre Céramique i Maastricht, hvis areal fortrinsvis er benyttet af byens bibliotek. Udlån og informationsskranke ligger i stueetagen. Her afholdes jævnligt fotoudstillinger, såsom den årlige World Press Photo udstilling. Der er dog tillige både permanente og midlertidige kunstudstillinger, blandt andre en række romerske relieffer. Siden 2016 er også Maastricht International Centre, et informationscenter for udlændinge, placeret i Centre Céramique.

Centre Céramique deltager i udstillinger af arkæologiske og historiske samlinger, som er indsamlet af Limburg Geschieds antikvariske Selskab (LGOG), suppleret med en arkæologiske samling af relikvier fra byen Maastricht og en samling af fajance- og glaskunst fra lokale fabrikker. Den berømte model af Maastricht by fra 1752 er også placeret i Centre Céramique. Der er også en række meget forskellige samlinger, blandt andet af japanske prints, historiske undervisningsbilleder og forskellige videnskabelige og dagligdags instrumenter. og redskaber til huse. Der findes ligeledes en samlingen af fajance med blandt andet arbejder af de berømte pottemagere Petrus Regout / Sphinx (1834-1958), NA Bosch (1853-1866) Société Céramique (1863-1958) og Mosa (1883-ca 1970 ).

Samlingen omfatter en større kollektion af anskuelsestavler. Disse tavler var et pædagogisk redskab i 1800-tallets skoleundervisning. Man havde den gang den opfattelse, at børn lærte bedre forstod, hvis de kunne få formidlet viden visuelt. Det var hyppigt forekommende i Holland, se galleriet nedenfor:

Galleri

Kunst
Maastricht

Center Céramique Maastricht


Maximilian Adelbert Baer (February 11, 1909 – November 21, 1959) was an American professional boxer and the world heavyweight champion from June 14, 1934, to June 13, 1935. He was known in his time as the Livermore Larupper and Madcap Maxie. Two of his fights (a 1933 win over Max Schmeling and a 1935 loss to James J. Braddock) were rated Fight of the Year by The Ring magazine. Baer was also a boxing referee, and had occasional roles on film or television. He was the brother of heavyweight boxing contender Buddy Baer and father of actor Max Baer Jr. Baer is rated #22 on The Ring magazine's list of 100 greatest punchers of all time.

Early life
Baer was born on February 11, 1909, in Omaha, Nebraska, to Jacob Baer (1875–1938) and Dora Bales (1877–1938). His father was the son of Aschill Baer and Fannie Fischel, who were Jewish immigrants from Alsace-Lorraine and Bohemia respectively; his mother was of Scottish descent. His elder sister was Frances May Baer (1905–1991), his younger sister was Bernice Jeanette Baer (1911–1987), his younger brother was boxer-turned-actor Jacob Henry Baer, better known as Buddy Baer (1915–1986), and his adopted brother was August "Augie" Baer. For a while Jacob Baer worked for the Graden Mercantile Company as the manager of their meat-packing plant  in Durango, Colorado.

Move to California
In May 1922, tired of the winters that aggravated Frances' rheumatic fever and Jacob's high blood pressure, the Baers drove to the milder climate on the West Coast, where Dora's sister lived in Alameda, California. Jacob's expertise in the meat business led to numerous job offers in the San Francisco Bay Area. While living in Hayward, Max took his first job as a delivery boy for John Lee Wilbur, who ran a grocery store and bought meat from Jacob.

The Baers lived in the Northern Californian towns of Hayward, San Leandro and Galt before moving to Livermore in 1926. Livermore was ranch and cowboy country, surrounded by tens of thousands of acres of open land on which large cattle herds grazed and provided fresh meat to the local area. In 1928, Jacob leased the Twin Oaks Ranch in Murray Township, where he raised more than 2,000 hogs and worked with daughter Frances' husband, Louis Santucci. Baer often credited his work carrying heavy carcasses of meat, stunning cattle with one blow, and working at a gravel pit for the development of his powerful shoulders (an article in the January 1939 edition of Family Circle reported that Baer also took the Charles Atlas exercise course.)

Professional boxing career
Baer turned professional in 1929, progressing steadily through the Pacific Coast ranks. A ring tragedy little more than a year later almost caused Baer to drop out of boxing for good.

Frankie Campbell
Baer fought Frankie Campbell on August 25, 1930, in San Francisco in a ring built over home plate at San Francisco's Recreation Park for the unofficial title of Pacific Coast champion. In the second round, Campbell clipped Baer and Baer slipped to the canvas. Campbell went toward his corner and waved to the crowd. He thought Baer was getting the count. Baer got up and flew at Campbell, landing a right to Campbell's turned head which sent him to the canvas.

After the round, Campbell said to his trainer, "Something feels like it snapped in my head" but went on to handily win rounds 3 and 4. As Baer rose for the 5th round, Tillie "Kid" Herman, Baer's former friend and trainer, who had switched camps overnight and was now in Campbell's corner, savagely taunted and jeered Baer. In a rage and determined to end the bout with a knockout, Baer soon had Campbell against the ropes. As he hammered him with punch after punch, the ropes were the only thing holding Campbell up. By the time referee Toby Irwin stopped the fight, Campbell collapsed to the canvas. Baer's own seconds reportedly ministered to Campbell, and Baer stayed by his side until an ambulance arrived 30 minutes later. Baer "visited the stricken fighter's bedside", where he offered Frankie's wife Ellie the hand that hit her husband. She took that hand and the two stood speechless for a moment. "It was unfortunate, I'm awfully sorry", said Baer. "It could have been you," she replied. She forgave him.

At noon the next day, with a lit candle laced between his crossed fingers, and his wife and mother beside him, Frankie Campbell was pronounced dead. Upon the surgeon's announcement of Campbell's death, Baer broke down and sobbed inconsolably. Brain specialist Dr. Tilton E. Tillman "declared death had been caused by a succession of blows on the jaw and not by any struck on the rear of the head" and that Campbell's brain had been "knocked completely loose from his skull" by Baer's blows.

Ernie Schaaf
The Campbell incident earned Baer the reputation as a "killer" in the ring. This publicity was further sensationalized by Baer's return bout with Ernie Schaaf, on August 31, 1932. Schaaf had bested Baer in a decision during Max's Eastern debut bout at Madison Square Garden on September 19, 1930.

An Associated Press article in the September 9, 1932, sports section of the New York Times describes the end of the return bout as follows:Two seconds before the fight ended Schaaf was knocked flat on his face, completely knocked out. He was dragged to his corner and his seconds worked on him for three minutes before restoring him to his senses... Baer smashed a heavy right to the jaw that shook Schaaf to his heels, to start the last round, then walked into the Boston fighter, throwing both hands to the head and body. Baer drove three hard rights to the jaw that staggered Schaaf. Baer beat Schaaf around the ring and into the ropes with a savage attack to the head and body. Just before the round ended Baer dropped Schaaf to the canvas, but the bell sounded as Schaaf hit the floor. Schaaf complained frequently of headaches after that bout. Five months after the Baer fight, on February 11, 1933, Schaaf died in the ring after taking a left jab from the Italian fighter Primo Carnera. The majority of sports editors noted, however, that an autopsy later revealed Schaaf had meningitis, a swelling of the brain, and was still recovering from a severe case of influenza when he touched gloves with Carnera. Schaaf's obituary stated that "just before his bout with Carnera, Schaaf went into reclusion in a religious retreat near Boston to recuperate from an attack of influenza" which produced the meningitis.

The death of Campbell and accusations over Schaaf's demise profoundly affected Baer, even though he was ostensibly indestructible and remained a devastating force in the ring. According to his son, actor/director Max Baer Jr. (who was born seven years after the incident):My father cried about what happened to Frankie Campbell. He had nightmares. In reality, my father was one of the kindest, gentlest men you would ever hope to meet. He treated boxing the way today's professional wrestlers do wrestling: part sport, mostly showmanship. He never deliberately hurt anyone.

In the case of Campbell, Baer was charged with manslaughter. Baer was eventually acquitted of all charges, but the California State Boxing Commission still banned him from any in-ring activity within the state for the next year. Baer gave purses from succeeding bouts to Campbell's family, but lost four of his next six fights. He fared better when Jack Dempsey took him under his wing.

Max Schmeling

On June 8, 1933, Baer fought and defeated German heavyweight and former world champion Max Schmeling at Yankee Stadium, by technical knockout.  Schmeling was favored to win and was Adolf Hitler's favorite boxer. The Nazi tabloid Der Stürmer publicly attacked Schmeling for fighting a non-Aryan, as Baer's father was Jewish, calling it a "racial and cultural disgrace."

Although the Great Depression, then in full force, had lowered the income of most citizens, sixty thousand people attended the boxing match. NBC radio updated millions nationwide as the match progressed. Baer, who was of half Jewish descent, wore trunks which displayed the Star of David, a symbol he wore in all his future bouts. During the match, he dominated the rugged Schmeling into the tenth round, when Baer knocked Schmeling down and the referee stopped the match. Columnist Westbrook Pegler wrote about Schmeling's loss, "That wasn't a defeat, that was a disaster", while journalist David Margolick claimed that Baer's victory would come to "symbolize Jewry's struggle against the Nazis."

Baer became a hero among Jews and those who despised the Nazis. According to biographer David Bret, after the war ended, it was learned that Schmeling had, in fact, saved the lives of many Jewish children during the war while still serving his country.

Film star Greta Garbo considered Baer's defeat of Schmeling to be a "mini victory" over Nazism, and she invited Baer to visit her while she was filming Queen Christina in Hollywood. However, Baer's presence on the set was considered a "sacrilege" in Hollywood, as even MGM studio's head, Louis B. Mayer, wasn't allowed on Garbo's set, since she demanded total privacy while acting. Their friendship led to a romance, which lasted until he returned to New York to train for his next match against Primo Carnera.

World Heavyweight Champion
On June 14, 1934, at the outdoor Madison Square Garden Bowl at Long Island City, New York, Baer defeated the huge reigning world champion Primo Carnera of Italy, who weighed in at 267 pounds.  Baer knocked down the champion 11 times before the fight was stopped in the eleventh round by referee Arthur Donovan to save Carnera from further punishment.  All the knockdowns occurred in rounds one, two, ten and eleven, which Baer thoroughly dominated. The intervening rounds were competitive. There is some dispute about the number of knockdowns scored, as Carnera slipped to the canvas on several occasions and was wrestled to the canvas other times. Despite this dominant performance over Carnera, Baer would hold the world heavyweight title for just 364 days.

James J. Braddock
On June 13, 1935, one of the greatest upsets in boxing history occurred in Long Island City, New York, as Baer fought down-and-out boxer James J. Braddock in the so-called Cinderella Man bout. Baer hardly trained for the bout. Braddock, on the other hand, was training hard. "I'm training for a fight, not a boxing contest or a clownin' contest or a dance," he said. "Whether it goes one round or three rounds or ten rounds, it will be a fight and a fight all the way. When you've been through what I've had to face in the last two years, a Max Baer or a Bengal tiger looks like a house pet. He might come at me with a cannon and a blackjack and he would still be a picnic compared to what I've had to face." Baer, ever the showman, "brought gales of laughter from the crowd with his antics" the night he stepped between the ropes to meet Braddock. As Braddock "slipped the blue bathrobe from his pink back, he was the sentimental favorite of a Bowl crowd of 30,000, most of whom had bet their money 8-to-1 against him."

Max "undoubtedly paid the penalty for underestimating his challenger beforehand and wasting too much time clowning." At the end of 15 rounds Braddock emerged the victor in a unanimous decision, outpointing Baer 8 rounds to 6 in the "most astounding upset since John L. Sullivan went down before the thrusts of Gentleman Jim Corbett back in the nineties." Braddock took heavy hits from Baer but kept coming at him until he wore Max down.

The fight was featured in the 2005 film Cinderella Man. Baer was portrayed by Craig Bierko and Braddock was portrayed by Russell Crowe.

Decline and retirement
Baer and his brother Buddy both lost fights to Joe Louis. In the third round of Max's September 1935 match, Louis knocked Baer down twice, the first time he had ever been knocked to the canvas in his career. A sizzling left hook in the fourth round brought Max to his knee again, and the referee called the bout soon after. It was learned weeks later that Baer fought Louis with a broken right hand that never healed from his fight with James J. Braddock. Max was virtually helpless without his big right hand in the Louis fight. In the first televised heavyweight prizefight, Baer lost to Lou Nova on June 1, 1939, on WNBT-TV in New York.

White Heavyweight Champ
Baer was awarded a belt declaring him the "White Heavyweight Champion of the World" after he scored a first-round TKO over Pat Cominsky in a bout at Roosevelt Stadium in Jersey City, New Jersey, on September 26, 1940, but it was a publicity stunt. The fight was not promoted as being for the white heavyweight championship, and Cominsky would not have won the belt had he beaten Baer.

The belt was a publicity stunt dreamed up by boxing promoters who were trying to pressure promoter Mike Jacobs into giving the ex-world heavyweight champion a rematch with current champ Joe Louis. Jacobs did not give Baer another bout with Louis. Baer retired after his next fight, on April 4, 1941, when he lost to Lou Nova on a TKO in the eighth round of a scheduled 10-rounder at Madison Square Garden. Nova did get a shot at Joe Louis, losing to the champion by TKO in the sixth round of a scheduled fifteen-round bout held at the Polo Grounds in New York.

Career statistics
Baer boxed in 84 professional fights from 1929 to 1941. In all, his record was 71–13. Fifty-three of those wins were knockouts, making him a member of the exclusive group of boxers to have won 50 or more bouts by knockout. Baer defeated the likes of Ernie Schaaf, Walter Cobb, Kingfish Levinsky, Max Schmeling, Tony Galento, Ben Foord and Tommy Farr. He was Heavyweight Champion of the World from June 14, 1934, to June 13, 1935.

Baer was a 1968 inductee into The Ring magazine's Boxing Hall of Fame (disbanded in 1987) and was inducted to the International Boxing Hall of Fame in 1995. He was inducted to the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 2009. The 1998 Holiday Issue of Ring ranked Baer #20 in "The 50 Greatest Heavyweights of All Time". In Ring Magazine's 100 Greatest Punchers (published in 2003), Baer is ranked number 22.

Acting

Baer's motion picture debut was in The Prizefighter and the Lady (1933) opposite Myrna Loy and Walter Huston. In this MGM movie he played Steven "Steve" Morgan, a bartender that the Professor, played by Huston, begins training for the ring. Steve wins a fight, then marries Belle Mercer, played by Loy. He starts seriously training, but it turns out he has a huge ego and an eye for women. Featured were Baer's upcoming opponent, Primo Carnera, as himself, whom Steve challenges for the championship, and Jack Dempsey, as himself, former heavyweight champion, acting as the referee.

On March 29, 1934, The Prizefighter and the Lady was officially banned in Germany at the behest of Joseph Goebbels, Adolf Hitler's Minister of Propaganda and Public Entertainment, even though it received favorable reviews in local newspapers as well as in Nazi publications. When contacted for comment at Lake Tahoe, Baer said, "They didn't ban the picture because I have Jewish blood. They banned it because I knocked out Max Schmeling." Baer, along with his brother Buddy, enlisted in the U.S. Army Air Force when World War II began.

Baer acted in almost 20 movies, including Africa Screams (1949) with Abbott and Costello, and made several television guest appearances. A clown in and out of the ring, Baer also appeared in a vaudeville act and on his own TV variety show. Baer appeared in Humphrey Bogart's final movie, The Harder They Fall (1956), opposite Mike Lane as Toro Moreno, a Hollywood version of Primo Carnera, whom Baer defeated for his heavyweight title. Budd Schulberg, who wrote the book from which the movie was made, portrayed the Baer character, "Buddy Brannen", as bloodthirsty, and the unfounded characterization was reprised in the movie Cinderella Man.

In 1950, Baer teamed up with another titleholder, friend and Light Heavyweight champion (1929–34) and boxer-turned actor/comedian, Maxie Rosenbloom. Together, the two starred in four slapstick comedy shorts for Columbia Pictures (produced by the makers of the Three Stooges comedies) and one feature film, Skipalong Rosenbloom (written by Rosenbloom, uncredited). The team embarked on a comedy tour, billed as . Baer would also take the stage at Rosenbloom's comedy club on Wilshire Blvd, Slapsy Maxie's, which was featured in the film Gangster Squad. Baer and Rosenbloom remained friends until Baer's death in 1959.

Baer additionally worked as a disc jockey for a Sacramento radio station, and for a while he was a wrestler. He served as public relations director for a Sacramento automobile dealership and referee for boxing and wrestling matches.

Family
Baer was married twice, first to actress Dorothy Dunbar (married July 8, 1931 – divorced October 3, 1933) and then to Mary Ellen Sullivan (1903–1978) (married June 29, 1935 – his death 1959), the mother of his 3 children: actor Max Baer Jr. (born 1937), best known for playing Jethro Bodine on The Beverly Hillbillies; James Manny Baer (1941–2009); and Maudie Marian Baer (born 1944).

At the time of his death on November 21, 1959, Baer was scheduled to appear in some TV commercials in Los Angeles before returning to his home in Sacramento.

Death

On Wednesday, November 18, 1959, Baer refereed a nationally televised 10-round boxing match in Phoenix. At the end of the match, to the applause of the crowd, Baer grasped the ropes and vaulted out of the ring and joined fight fans in a cocktail bar. The next day, he was scheduled to appear in several television commercials in Hollywood, California. On his way, he stopped in Garden Grove, California, to keep a promise he had made thirteen years earlier to the then five-year-old son of his ex-sparring partner, Curly Owens. Baer presented the now 18-year-old with a foreign sports car on his birthday, as he had said he would.

Baer checked into the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel upon his arrival on November 19. Hotel employees said he looked fit but complained of a cold. As he was shaving on the morning of November 21, he experienced chest pains. He called the front desk and asked for a doctor. The desk clerk said that "a house doctor would be right up." "A house doctor?" he replied jokingly, "No, dummy, I need a people doctor".

A doctor gave Baer medicine, and a fire department rescue squad administered oxygen. His chest pains subsided and he was showing signs of recovery when he was stricken with a second heart attack. Just a moment before, he was joking with the doctor, declaring he had come through two similar but lighter attacks earlier in Sacramento, California. Then he slumped on his left side, turned blue and died within a matter of minutes. His last words reportedly were, "Oh God, here I go."

Funeral
Baer's funeral in Sacramento was attended by more than 1,500 mourners. Four former world boxing champions appeared and Joe Louis and Jack Dempsey were among the pallbearers. The cemetery service was concluded by an American Legion honor guard recognizing Baer's service in World War II. Baer's obituary made the front page of The New York Times. He was laid to rest in a garden crypt in St. Mary's Catholic Cemetery in Sacramento.

Legacy
There is a park named for Baer in Livermore, California. There is also a park named for him in Sacramento. He was honored by the Bay Area Sports Hall of Fame in 1988.

Baer was an active member of the Fraternal Order of Eagles. When Max died of a heart attack in 1959, the Eagles created a charity fund as a tribute to his memory and as a means of combating the disease that killed him. The Max Baer Heart Fund is
primarily to aid in heart research and education. Since the fund started in 1959, millions of dollars have been donated to universities, medical centers and hospitals across the United States and Canada for heart research and education.

Selected filmography

 The Prizefighter and the Lady (1933, co-starring Myrna Loy) as Morgan
 Max Baer vs. Max Schmeling (1933) as Himself
 World's Heavyweight Championship: Primo Carnera and Max Baer (1934) as Himself
 Kids on the Cuff (1935)
 Joe Louis vs. Jack Sharkey (1936) as Himself
 Over She Goes (1938, a musical comedy) as Silas Morner
 Fisticuffs (1938, Short, a Pete Smith specialty short for MGM Studios) as Himself
 The Navy Comes Through (1942, starring Pat O'Brien) as Coxswain G. Berringer
 The McGuerins from Brooklyn (1942) as Professor Samson
 Ladies' Day (1943, a baseball comedy starring Lupe Vélez) as Hippo Jones
 Buckskin Frontier (1943, a 19th-century western saga with Richard Dix) as Tiny
 Africa Screams (1949, with his brother, Buddy, a comedy with Abbott and Costello) as Grappler McCoy
 Bride for Sale (1949) as Litka
 Riding High (1950) as Bertie (uncredited)
 Skipalong Rosenbloom (1951) as Butcher Baer
 Rocky Marciano vs. Archie Moore (1955) as Himself - Guest
 The Harder They Fall (1956, starring Humphrey Bogart) as Buddy Brannen
 Utah Blaine (1957, with Rory Calhoun in the title role) as Gus Ortmann
 Once Upon a Horse... (1958) as Ben (final film role)

Portrayed in:
 Cinderella Man (2005) – portrayed by Craig Bierko
 Carnera: The Walking Mountain (2008) by Antonio Cupo

TV guest appearances
 Playhouse 90 (1957) (Screen Gems TV, CBS) ... Mike ... episode: Requiem for a Heavyweight
 Abbott and Costello Show (1953) ... Killer ... episode: Killer's Wife
 Make Room For Daddy  (1958) ... Himself ... episode: Rusty The Bully

Professional boxing record
All information in this section is derived from BoxRec, unless otherwise stated.

Official record

All newspaper decisions are officially regarded as "no decision" bouts and are not counted in the win/loss/draw column.

Unofficial record

Record with the inclusion of newspaper decisions in the win/loss/draw column.

See also

 List of heavyweight boxing champions
 List of select Jewish boxers

References

Other sources
 Los Angeles Times, March 30, 1934, pg. 12, Germany Bans Film of Baer
 Los Angeles Times Magazine, Mad Max, J.R. Moehringer (Times Staff Writer), January 7, 2007
 Sussman, Jeffrey. 2016. Max Baer and Barney Ross: Jewish Heroes of Boxing. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

External links

 Max Baer - CBZ Profile
 Boxing Hall of Fame
 'The Forgotten Champion' by Aaron Richardson

1909 births
1959 deaths
20th-century American Jews
20th-century American male actors
American male boxers
American male film actors
American people of Czech-Jewish descent
American people of German descent
Boxers from Nebraska
Boxers from Sacramento, California
Heavyweight boxers
International Boxing Hall of Fame inductees
International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame inductees
Jewish American boxers
Jewish American military personnel
Military personnel from Nebraska
Sportspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
United States Army Air Forces personnel of World War II
World Boxing Association champions
World heavyweight boxing champions

Max Baer (boxer)


Die  Unternehmensgruppe Montana (Eigenschreibweise MONTANA) ist ein Handelsunternehmen für Erdgas, Strom, Heizöl, Schmierstoffe und Kraftstoffe. Zum Angebot gehören außerdem technische Leistungen im Heizungsbereich. Montana versorgt rund 600.000 Kunden in Deutschland und Österreich, bei einem Jahresumsatz von rund 750 Millionen Euro (2019/20). Derzeit beschäftigt Montana über 230 Mitarbeiter.

Geschichte
Karl Koburger gründete 1960 die Montana Energie-Handel GmbH & Co. KG und belieferte den südbayerischen Raum mit Heizöl. Er begann die Versorgung von Kunden im Großraum München mit einem Liefervertrag von Esso, seinem vormaligen Arbeitgeber. Im Jahre 1965 entstand ein Wärmeservice mit Dienstleistungen um Heizung und Heizungswartung unter dem Dach der Montana Heiztechnik GmbH & Co. KG. Das Geschäft wurde 1980 um Kraft- und Schmierstoffe von ESSO sowie um Flüssiggas erweitert. Im Jahre 2000 kam es zur Angebotsausdehnung auf erneuerbare Energien in Form von Solar, Pellets und Biokraftstoffen.

Nach der Liberalisierung des Gasmarktes gründeten Stefan und Florian Koburger, die das Unternehmen in der 2. Generation führen, 2008 den Erdgasanbieter Montana Erdgas GmbH & Co. KG (im Jahr 2014 umfirmiert zu Montana Energieversorgung GmbH & Co. KG).

Im Jahr 2009 nahm Montana klimaneutrales Heizöl und Erdgas ins Produktportfolio auf, 2011 erfolgte die Ausweitung des Erdgasangebots auf ganz Deutschland. Seit 2012 kann man das Erdgas von Montana in Österreich beziehen, im November 2012 wurde die Montana Energie-Handel AT GmbH gegründet. Montana erweiterte 2013 das Energieangebot um Strom. Zunächst wurde Strom aus Wasserkraft für Privatkunden angeboten, seit 2014 können auch Geschäftskunden Strom von Montana beziehen. Wegen der Erweiterung des Produktportfolios um Strom erfolgte die Umbenennung der deutschen Gesellschaft Montana Erdgas GmbH & Co. KG in Montana Energieversorgung GmbH & Co. KG.

Im Jahr 2014 konnte die Montana-Gruppe ihren 100.000. Erdgaskunden gewinnen und machte laut eigenen Angaben mit Erdgas annähernd so viel Umsatz wie mit dem angestammten Heizöl-Geschäft. Das Angebot der österreichischen Gesellschaft Montana Energie-Handel AT GmbH wurde 2015 ebenfalls um den Produktbereich Strom erweitert.

Mitte 2017 wurde die Gruppe um eine weitere Gesellschaft erweitert: Die Montana Energy Services GmbH & Co. KG übernimmt für Immobilienverwaltungen und private Eigentümer von Mehrfamilienhäusern die Messung und Erfassung des Verbrauchs von Wärme und Warmwasser sowie deren verursachergerechte Abrechnung für die einzelnen Nutzer.

Unternehmensgruppe
Die Unternehmensgruppe ist im Besitz der Familie Koburger. Die Montana Gruppe besteht aus den zehn selbstständigen Gesellschaften Montana Energie-Handel GmbH & Co. KG, Montana Energieversorgung GmbH & Co. KG, Montana Energie-Handel AT GmbH, MONTEC OIL GmbH & Co. KG, Montana Heiztechnik GmbH & Co. KG, Montana Logistik GmbH & Co. KG, Montana Energy Services GmbH & Co. KG, EFI-NET GmbH & Co. KG, M Capital GmbH & Co. KG sowie Immont GmbH.

Standorte
Neben der Zentrale in Grünwald ist die Montana Gruppe an weiteren Standorten vertreten: Bad Tölz, Berchtesgaden, Hamburg, Ingolstadt, Kelheim, Kiefersfelden, Landsberg am Lech, Landshut, Münster, Rosenheim, Schliersee, Stuttgart, Traunreut, Unterhaching und Wien.

Produkte
Die Montana Gruppe bietet folgende Produkte für Privat- und Geschäftskunden an:
 Erdgas
 Strom
 Heizöl (regional)
 Schmierstoffe (regional)
 Kraftstoffe (regional)
 Heiztechnik (regional)
 Pellets (regional)
 Solar (regional)
 Wärmemessdienst und integraler Mess- und Abrechnungsservice

Klimaneutralität
Seit Ende 2009 bietet Montana in Bayern durch Kompensation Klima-neutralisiertes Heizöl und bundesweit durch Kompensation Klima-neutralisiertes Erdgas gegen Aufpreis an. Um die Klimaneutralität herzustellen, werden nach Unternehmensangaben die lokal bei der Verbrennung entstehenden CO2-Emissionen durch internationale Klimaschutzprojekte kompensiert, die anderenorts zu einer Minderung der CO2-Emissionen beitragen und durch den Aufpreis finanziert werden.

Montana ist nach eigenen Angaben ein klimaneutrales Unternehmen. In Zusammenarbeit mit ClimatePartner werden jährlich alle im Unternehmensbetrieb anfallenden Emissionen erfasst, so weit wie möglich reduziert und alle unvermeidlichen Emissionen durch Unterstützung eines international anerkannten Klimaschutzprojekts kompensiert.

Weblinks
 Website der Montana Group GmbH
 Website der Montana Energie-Handel AT GmbH
 Website von Montana Schmierstoffe
 Website der EFI-NET GmbH & Co. KG

Einzelnachweise

Unternehmen (Grünwald)
Organisation (Energiehandel)
Gegründet 1960

Montana Group


Felipe Alaiz de Pablo (Belver de Cinca, 23 de maio de 1887 - Paris, 8 de abril de 1959) foi um escritor, tradutor e jornalista espanhol. É considerado o primeiro escritor espanhol abertamente anarquista. Sempre defendeu o preceito de "a arte de escrever sem arte".

Nasceu em Belver de Cinca, mas cresceu em Albalate de Cinca. Depois da morte do seu pai, um capitão da marinha mercante, abandonou os estudos e começou a trabalhar como jornalista, dedicando-se a militância anti-governista. Entre um e outro panfleto redigido, se escondia da perseguição judicial com a ajuda da família, chegando ao ponto de refugiar-se num convento em Navarra, onde a sua irmã mais velha, uma freira, atuava como superiora.

Dedicado ao jornalismo militante, foi editor da "La Revista de Aragón" e jornalista do "El Sol", "La Revista Blanca" e do "Solidaridad Obrera", onde apoiava integralmente os Los Solidarios, um grupo de pistoleiros liderado por Durruti. Também foi professor de literatura no "Liceo Escolar de Lérida", um centro educacional de vanguarda.

Alaiz lançou, entre outros panfletos, ensaios, livros e artigos, o romance "Quinet" (1924); a coletânea "Novelas ideales" (1932) e "Tipos españoles" (coletânea lançada postumamente em 1962 e 1965); os ensaios "El arte de escribir sin arte" e "La zarpa de Stalin sobre Europa" (1948). No campo da teoria anarquista, destaca-se a sua coletânea de folhetos "Hacia una Federación de Autonomías Ibéricas".

Morreu em Paris no dia 8 de abril de 1959, em pleno exílio.

Ensaístas da Espanha

Felipe Alaiz