Luigi Lippomano, também conhecido como Aluísio Lippomano, Aluysius Lippomanus ou Alvise Lippomano (Veneza, 1496 - Roma, 15 de agosto de 1559) foi um hagiógrafo, diplomata e prelado italiano da Igreja Católica, bispo de Bergamo.

Biografia
Nascido em Veneza em 1496, era filho ilegítimo do banqueiro veneziano Bartolomeo, que se casou com Orsa Giustinian em 1488. A mãe era provavelmente uma criada chamada Marta, mencionada no testamento do pai.

Realizou estudos humanísticos e teológicos. Fontes indicam que ele frequentou as universidades de Pádua e Roma, onde seu tio Girolamo vivia desde 1515. Luigi chegou a Roma o mais tardar no verão de 1522 - ele foi, de fato, testemunha da solene entrada e coroação do Papa Adriano VI (final de agosto de 1522); em novembro de 1523 ele testemunhou a coroação do Papa Clemente VII. Ele logo decidiu empreender uma carreira eclesiástica e obteve como primeiro benefício um ofício canônico em Bérgamo, onde seu tio Nicolò (1512-16) e a partir de 1516 seu primo Pietro Lippomano sucederam o bispado.

Em 1528 permaneceu por mais de seis meses em Orvieto, na corte de Clemente VII, que fugiu de Roma após o saque. Em uma carta ao primo Pietro ele descreveu a má situação econômica e o declínio dos membros da Cúria Romana. Em outubro do mesmo ano ele enviou, novamente para seu primo Pietro e seu irmão Tommaso, relatórios detalhados da grande enchente do rio Tibre, que ele experimentou em primeira mão.

Episcopado
Em 1529 tornou-se protonotário apostólico e em 1535, camareiro secreto do Papa. Em 23 de setembro de 1538, o Papa Paulo III o nomeou bispo coadjutor cum iure successis de seu primo Pietro, bispo de Bérgamo, concedendo-lhe a dispensa super defectu natalium, sendo consagrado em Roma, em 7 de fevereiro de 1539 como bispo titular de Modon, pelo cardeal Gian Pietro Carafa, arcebispo de Chieti.

Pietro, após a morte de Gian Matteo Giberti, assumiu o cargo de bispo de Verona em 30 de dezembro de 1543 e a nomeação foi consequentemente integrada com a transferência do coadjutor de Bérgamo de Luigi para a diocese de Verona.

Em maio de 1542, ele foi encarregado de sua primeira missão diplomática como núncio papal. Ele foi enviado a Portugal para comunicar aos bispos do país o convite do Papa Paulo III para participar do próximo concílio a ser realizado em Trento.

No outono de 1545 retornou à Itália e a partir de abril de 1546 participou ativamente do concílio. Em 1547 seguiu os padres conciliares até Bolonha, onde assistiu a todas as sessões. Já nesse período se manifestou sua atitude intransigente "contra esses tristes luteranos", que no Estado da Igreja deveriam ser perseguidos com os meios de uma "gravíssima inquisição".

O Doge Francesco Donato, com um decreto de 29 de janeiro de 1549, investiu Luigi com a diocese de Verona que, por conta de sua ausência, tomou posse o vigário geral Giacomo Livrieri em 7 de março de 1549. De fato, no final de agosto de 1548, graças ao interesse do cardeal Marcello Cervini, a quem estava ligado por amizade, foi nomeado núncio extraordinário na Germânia.

Além de Luigi, estavam encarregados da missão Sebastiano Pighino, bispo de Ferentino, e Pietro Bertano, bispo de Fano, que já residia na corte imperial como núncio ordinário. As faculdades que lhes eram conferidas regulavam as modalidades de reinserção dos protestantes na Igreja Católica e incluíam o poder de conceder a comunhão sub utraque specie em alguns casos ou de reconhecer os casamentos de sacerdotes dispostos a reentrar na Igreja Romana.

Pela primeira vez Luigi se viu no país devastado pelo cisma. As etapas da viagem foram Innsbruck, Mainz e Colônia. Em quase toda a Germânia eles foram recebidos com hostilidade e desconfiança, como evidencia uma carta de Luigi a Cervini datada de 16 de novembro de 1548: "todos fogem de nós como cobras". As negociações de Carlos V em Bruxelas, onde Luigi havia chegado em 22 de dezembro, estavam indo de forma insatisfatória. Em nenhum dos pontos negociados com o imperador (medidas contra os luteranos e seus escritos, reforma do clero, questão do concílio) foi possível chegar a um acordo. Luigi deixou Bruxelas em 15 de junho de 1549 e, depois de ficar em Salzburgo e visitar Ingolstadt e Dillingen, retornou a Verona em agosto de 1550, onde participou do julgamento realizado naquele ano contra alguns hereges.

Em 4 de março de 1551, Luigi - novamente por recomendação de Marcello Cervini - foi nomeado pelo Papa Júlio III, ao lado do cardeal legado Marcello Crescenzio e Sebastiano Antonio Pighini, seu colega na Alemanha, o terceiro presidente do concílio. Os três prelados fizeram sua entrada solene em Trento em 29 de abril. Inácio de Loyola juntou-se a Luigi, como conselheiros teológicos, com Diego Laínez e Alfonso Salmerón; Luigi o conhecia e estimava desde que o conhecera em Verona, e o tinha também em sua comitiva na nunciatura subsequente na Polônia. Luigi, que agora considerava insuperável a distância entre católicos e protestantes, permaneceu em Trento até a interrupção do concílio no final de abril de 1552. Nos anos 1553-55, foram feitas visitas apostólicas à diocese de Verona, em parte pelo próprio Luigi.

Em 13 de janeiro de 1555 foi escolhido pelo Papa Júlio III como núncio apostólico na Polônia. No entanto, o início da missão foi adiado pelos dois conclaves de 1555; a nunciatura foi finalmente confirmada pelo Papa Paulo IV em 13 de junho. Durante a viagem, Luigi teve que parar em Augsburgo, onde estava em andamento uma Dieta imperial decisiva do ponto de vista político-confessional.

No início de setembro, Paulo IV ordenou a Luigi que continuasse imediatamente sua viagem para a Polônia, seu verdadeiro destino, e em 7 de setembro de 1555 Luigi deixa Augsburgo. Assim, depois de Giovanni Morone e Zaccaria Delfino, o último representante papal ainda deixado na sede abandonou a Dieta, que terminou três semanas depois, com o reconhecimento oficial do protestantismo no Império (Paz de Augsburgo), selando assim a ruptura do cristianismo  na Europa.

Na instrução para a missão na Polônia, redigida pelos cardeais Alessandro Farnese e Iacopo Puteo, alertou para o perigo de uma disputa geral sobre problemas confessionais, como ocorria no Império. Além disso, o elemento católico tinha que ser fortalecido na vida pública como um todo, recorrendo a pregadores e professores confiáveis e por meio do controle da imprensa e da proibição da importação de livros luteranos da Germânia.

Ele teve que perceber imediatamente que a situação confessional na Polônia era desesperadora: "as coisas da fé e da Igreja neste Reino são reduzidas a termos muito ruins". O protestantismo também foi muito difundido na aristocracia, que teve como porta-voz o príncipe Nicolau Radziwiłł, chanceler e grão-marechal da Lituânia, bem como o Palatino de Vilna. Em sua tentativa de chantagear o país, Luigi não podia contar com o apoio do rei, que fez reivindicações inaceitáveis mesmo através de seu enviado especial a Roma, Stanislao Maciejowski (uso do vernáculo na liturgia, comunhão sub utraque specie, casamento para sacerdotes e convocação de um concílio nacional). O núncio foi apoiado pelo episcopado, especialmente por Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, arcebispo de Gniezno e primaz da Polônia, e por Stanisław Hozjusz, bispo de Vármia.

De fevereiro a outubro de 1556, permaneceu em Łowicz, residência do arcebispo de Gniezno. Daqui ele escreveu a Radziwiłł em 21 de fevereiro, para tentar trazê-lo de volta à fé católica. A carta, no entanto, permaneceu sem resposta. Em abril e junho de 1556, após uma profanação das hóstias, uma certa Dorothea Łazęcka e vários judeus foram queimados na fogueira em Sochaczew e Płock. Em numerosos panfletos, os protestantes atacaram violentamente Lippomano como responsável pela execução, além do rei e o arcebispo de Gniezno.

Algum sucesso foi alcançado por Luigi na reforma interna da Igreja. Juntamente com Mikołaj Dzierzgowski, em abril e maio de 1556, visitou as dioceses de Gniezno, Pozna, Włocławek e Płock. Com os respectivos capítulos, cuja colaboração Luigi considerou indispensável, aconselhou sobre os meios mais adequados para sanar os problemas. Os cônegos garantiram-lhe por escrito a sua colaboração na reforma dos respectivos bispos de acordo com as disposições do Concílio de Trento. Em setembro, participou de Łowicz no sínodo provincial, presidido pelo arcebispo de Gniezno, no qual foi elaborada uma Confessio fidei católica - em grande parte com base na fórmula da Universidade de Louvain - como resposta à profissão de fé reformada da Dieta de Piotrków de maio de 1555. Em dezembro participou da Dieta Polonesa em Varsóvia, caracterizada por forte antagonismo entre católicos e protestantes. Imediatamente depois ele deixou o país, onde, no final, ele se viu isolado até mesmo entre os católicos. Sem dúvida, no entanto, a sua nunciatura fortaleceu o catolicismo na Polônia e, sob sua liderança, a reforma da Igreja foi iniciada.

Depois de uma breve parada em Verona, onde se recuperou de um ataque de gota, Luigi chegou a Roma em junho de 1557. Aqui permaneceria até sua morte, assumindo uma posição de destaque na Cúria. Em outubro, Paulo IV o nomeou seu secretário pessoal, colocando-o no topo dos secretários papais responsáveis pelos assuntos públicos. Em 1558 cedeu a diocese de Verona ao seu sobrinho e coadjutor Agostino Lippomano e foi nomeado bispo de Bergamo. Nesse período, depois da desgraça do sobrinho de Paulo IV, o cardeal Carlo Carafa, era considerado o prelado mais poderoso da Cúria. Apesar da estreita relação de confiança que o ligava a Paulo IV, Luigi não conseguiu obter o cardinalato; o nascimento ilegítimo é por vezes citado como o motivo da falta da púrpura.

Morreu em Roma em 15 de agosto de 1559, três dias antes de seu patrono Paulo IV, após uma curta doença e foi sepultado na Igreja de Santa Caterina dei Funari.

Escritor e Hagiógrafo
Além de sua atividade pastoral e diplomática e como conselheiro na administração central da Igreja, Luigi se destacou como autor de escritos dogmáticos e hagiográficos. Os textos, nascidos de um profundo interesse pelas Sagradas Escrituras e pelos Padres da Igreja, foram concebidos em boa medida para auxiliar o clero, inclusive para defender a doutrina católica contra o protestantismo.

Após o Sermoni sopra tutte le principali feste dell'anno (Veneza 1536) escreveu um pequeno tratado teológico sobre o Credo (Esposizione volgare sopra il Simbolo, ibid., G. Scotus, 1541), depois a Catena in Genesim (Paris, C . Guillard, 1545), uma coletânea de comentários escritos por cerca de sessenta autores gregos e latinos, dedicados, como a Esposizione, a Paulo III e integrados pela Catena in Exodum (ibid., C. Guillard, 1550) e pela Catena in Psalmos (publicado postumamente por seu sobrinho Andrea, Roma, In aedibus Populi Romani, 1585). A fim de refutar a doutrina protestante, em 1553 (Veneza, Ao sinal da esperança) foi publicada a obra de três partes Confirmatione et stabilimento di tutti li dogmi cattolici, na qual trata, entre outras coisas, da doutrina da Igreja: primazia e infalibilidade do Papa (I), graça, predestinação e justificação (II) e sacramentos (III).

Nesse período, incentivado pelo cardeal Marcello Cervini, Luigi já havia começado a trabalhar em sua obra principal Sanctorum Priscorum Patrum Vitae, que deveria incluir um total de oito volumes (I-V, Veneza, Ao sinal da esperança, 1551-56; VI, Roma, Ex officina Salviana, 1558; VII-VIII, ibid., A. Blado, 1558 e 1560, vol. VIII publicado postumamente por seu sobrinho Girolamo). A coleção, nascida com a colaboração de numerosos estudiosos, incluindo o humanista Gentien Hervet e o zelador da Biblioteca do Vaticano e futuro cardeal Guglielmo Sirleto, continha também a primeira edição latina de Simeão Metafrasta, o martirológio de Ado de Vienne e o Pratum spirituale de João Mosco. O trabalho formou a base para a vida dos santos de Laurentius Surius e dos bolandistas, mas geralmente é considerado de valor científico medíocre.

Obras
 Catena in Genesim ex authoribus ecclesiasticis plus minus sexaginta, iisque partim graecis, partim latinis, connexa (1545)
 De probatis sanctorum historiis, partim ex tomis Aloy Lipomani, doctissimi Episcopi, p...ex... manuscriptis... collectis per F. L. Surium carth
 De vitis sanctorum ab Aloysio Lipomao, Episcopo Veronae, Viro Doctissimo, Olim conscriptis : Nunc primùm à F. Laurentio Surio Carthusiano emendatis, & auctis
 Sanctorum Priscorum Patrum Vitae: Per Gravissimos Et Probatissimos Avctores Conscriptae. Quae Instante R.P.D. Aloysio Lipomano, Episcopo Veronensi, Nunc Primum Ex Symeone Metaphraste Graeco Auctore Latinae Factae Sunt (1551)
 Duae epistolae altera Aloysii Lipomani Venetii, Episcopi Veronae, Rom: Ponificis in Polonia Legati, ad Illustrissimum Principem Nicolaum Radivilum Palatinum Wilniensem, &c: Altera vero eiusdem Illustrissimi D. Radivili ad Episcopum et Legatum illum (1556)

Bibliografia

Ligações externas

Naturais de Veneza
Diplomatas da Santa Sé
Bispos católicos da Itália
Núncios apostólicos em Portugal
Núncios apostólicos na Polónia

Luigi Lippomano


White Rock station is a DART Light Rail station in Dallas, Texas. It is located in East Dallas at East Northwest Highway (Loop 12) near West Lawther Drive. It opened on September 24, 2001 and is a station on the , serving nearby White Rock Lake and its residences and businesses. This was a short term northeastern terminus of the Blue Line until it was extended to LBJ/Skillman in May 2002.

References

External links
 DART - White Rock Station

Dallas Area Rapid Transit light rail stations in Dallas
Railway stations in the United States opened in 2001
Railway stations in Dallas County, Texas

White Rock station


Diana Carolina Gonzales Delgado (Arequipa, 12 de enero de 1992) es una voleibolista, empresaria y política peruana. Fue presidenta de la Federación Peruana de Voleibol de 2016 a 2018. Es congresista de la república para el periodo 2021-2026.

Biografía

Voleibolista
Jugó en Alianza Lima, Club Sporting Cristal Vóley, Club de Regatas Lima y Circolo Sportivo Italiano de la Liga Nacional Superior de Voleibol del Perú. Fue presidenta de la Federación Peruana de Voleibol de 2016 a 2018.

Política
En las elecciones generales de 2021, fue elegida congresista de la república por Avanza País, para el periodo parlamentario 2021-2026.

Selección nacional
 2008: Segundo puesto en Sudamericano de Menores de Perú
 2009: Sexto puesto en Mundial de Menores en Ratchasima, Tailandia
 2010: Segundo puesto en Sudamericano de Juveniles en Colombia

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Ficha en FIVB
 Blog de Diana Gonzales en vivevoley.com

Arequipeños
Voleibolistas del Club Sporting Cristal
Voleibolistas de Perú
Congresistas de Perú 2021-2026
Congresistas por Arequipa

Diana Gonzales


The prime minister of St Lucia is the head of government of St Lucia. The prime minister heads the executive branch and chairs the cabinet. This article contains a list of prime ministers of Saint Lucia.

Constitutional basis
Section 60 of the constitution of Saint Lucia provides that the prime minister must be a member of the House of Assembly and that the governor-general shall "appoint a member of the House who appears to him likely to command the support of the majority of the members of the House", or if the House is dissolved, "a person who was a member of the House immediately before the dissolution". The same section requires the governor-general to remove the prime minister from office if a resolution of no confidence is passed and the prime minister does not resign within three days. The office of prime minister also becomes vacant if the holder ceases to be a member of the House of Assembly.

List of officeholders

 Symbols

 †    Died in office

Chief ministers of Saint Lucia (1960–1967)

Premier of Saint Lucia (1967–1979)

Prime ministers of Saint Lucia (1979–present)

See also
Governor-General of Saint Lucia
Deputy Prime Minister of Saint Lucia

References

Saint Lucia, Prime Ministers
Politics of Saint Lucia
Government of Saint Lucia

Prime Minister
1979 establishments in Saint Lucia

List of prime ministers of Saint Lucia


Koberg Almanya'nın kuzeyinde Schleswig-Holstein eyaletinde, Herzogtum Lauenburg iline bağlı bölge. 11,98 km² yüzölçümüne sahiptir. Nüfusu, 31 Aralık 2015 itibarıyla yaklaşık 749 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Belediye Başkanlığı Jörg Smolla tarafından yürütülmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar
 www.amt-nusse.de

Herzogtum Lauenburg iline bağlı yerleşim birimleri

Koberg


Divock Okoth Origi (fæddur 18. apríl 1995) er belgískur atvinnumaður í fótbolta sem spilar fyrir Nottingham Forest og belgíska karlalandsliðið í knattspyrnu. Origi hefur einnig spilað fyrir Liverpool FC, Lille og VfL Wolfsburg.

Divock Origi er þekktastur fyrir mörk hans í meistardeildinni tímabilið 2018-19 fyrir Liverpool FC. Hann skoraði tvö mörk í frægum 4-0 endurkomusigri gegn Barcelona og skoraði einnig sigurmark í úrslitaleiknum gegn Tottenham Hotspurs. Einnig er hann þekktur fyrir stórfurðulegt sigurmark gegn Everton 2. desember 2018.

Hann varð yngsti markaskorari belgíska landsliðsins þegar hann skoraði á HM 2014, rúmlega 19 ára.

Tilvísanir
Belgískir knattspyrnumenn
Fólk fætt árið 1995

Divock Origi


David Michael Blatt (; * 22. Mai 1959 in Louisville, Kentucky) ist ein US-amerikanisch-israelischer Basketballtrainer und ehemaliger -spieler.

Er zählt zu den erfolgreichsten Trainern der europäischen Basketballgeschichte. Zu Blatts größten Erfolgen als Trainer zählt der Titelgewinn der Basketball-Europameisterschaft 2007 und der Gewinn der Bronzemedaille bei den Olympischen Spielen 2012 mit der russischen Nationalmannschaft.

Als Vereinstrainer gewann Blatt vor allem mit Maccabi Tel Aviv zahlreiche nationale Titel in Israel, bevor er nach dem Gewinn einer Triple Crown aus nationalem Double und dem Gewinn des höchstrangigen europäischen Vereinswettbewerb EuroLeague 2013/14 Cheftrainer in der NBA wurde. Damit zählt er zu den ersten Trainern, die Cheftrainer in der NBA wurden, ohne zuvor dort Erfahrung als Spieler oder Trainerassistent gesammelt zu haben.

Karriere als Spieler
Blatt spielte als Point Guard an der Princeton University für deren Hochschulmannschaft Tigers in der Zeit zwischen 1977 und 1981, mit denen er im Senior-Jahr als Mannschaftskapitän die Meisterschaft der Ivy League gegen die Quakers der University of Pennsylvania gewann, gegen die man im Vorjahr im Endspiel noch mit einem Punkt verloren hatte. Bei der landesweiten Endrunde 1981 der National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) schied man dann bereits in der ersten Runde gegen die Cougars der Brigham Young University aus.

Als Mitglied der US-amerikanischen Mannschaft nahm er an der Makkabiade 1981 teil, die von der US-Auswahl gewonnen wurde. Anschließend blieb er in Israel und spielte für verschiedene israelische Clubs. Nach einem Achillessehnenriss zehn Jahre später begann er damit, sich auf die Arbeit als Trainer zu konzentrieren.

Karriere als Trainer
Bereits während seiner aktiven Zeit begann Blatt mit der Trainerarbeit. Die erste Schritte als Trainer machte er mit in den Jugendabteilungen der Clubs, bei denen er unter Vertrag stand. Nach dem Ende seiner Spielerkarriere wurde er Trainerassistent bei Hapoel Galil Elyon aus dem galiläischen Kfar Blum, das 1993 Seriensieger Maccabi Tel Aviv erstmals seit 23 Jahren die Meisterschaft entrissen hatte. Der neue Trainer wurde während der Saison 1993/94 entlassen und Blatt sprang als Interimstrainer ein, bevor Meistertrainer Pini Gershon in der folgenden Saison zu Hapoel zurückkehrte.

In der Spielzeit 1995/96 war Blatt dann Cheftrainer und wurde als Trainer des Jahres der israelischen Liga ausgezeichnet. Anschließend übernahm er zusätzlich die Verantwortung für die israelische Juniorennationalmannschaft, bevor er 1997 Assistent bei der israelischen Herren-Nationalmannschaft wurde.

1999 wurde Gershon Cheftrainer des dominierenden israelischen Vereins Maccabi Tel Aviv und Blatt wurde wie in der Saison 1994/95 bei Hapoel Galil sein Assistent. Nach dem Gewinn der FIBA Suproleague 2001 gab Blatt seine Tätigkeit beim israelischen Verband vorerst auf und wurde Cheftrainer von Maccabi. Als sich international keine weiteren Erfolge einstellten, wechselte Gershon zurück an die Seitenlinie und wurde erneut Cheftrainer, während Blatt als Assistent ins zweite Glied rückte.

Nach dem Gewinn der EuroLeague 2003/04 verließ Blatt Maccabi und wurde Cheftrainer der israelischen Nationalmannschaft. Gleichzeitig wechselte er als Vereinstrainer nach Russland und wurde Cheftrainer des neu gegründeten Vereins Dynamo in Sankt Petersburg. Mit dieser Mannschaft, die die Lizenz von Awtodor Saratow übernommen hatte, durfte man international starten und gewann ungeschlagen die FIBA Europe League 2005. Wegen Streitigkeiten über seiner Trainerlizenz trat er schließlich als israelischer Nationalmannschaftstrainer zurück.

In der Saison 2005/06 trainierte Blatt die Mannschaft von Benetton Treviso in der italienischen Serie A und führte sie zum nationalen Double. Anschließend wurde Blatt zum Cheftrainer der russischen Nationalmannschaft ernannt, die er bei der EM 2007 überraschend zum Titel nach einem Endspielsieg gegen den favorisierten Gastgeber Spanien führte. Dies war der erste Titel nach dem Zerfall der Sowjetunion, deren Basketballnationalmannschaft der UdSSR Rekordtitelträger der Europameisterschaften ist. Mit seinem italienischen Verein war er weniger erfolgreich. Dem Titelverteidiger wurden in der Meisterschaft zwölf Punkte abgezogen, so dass er statt auf dem fünften auf dem elften Platz landete und die Play-offs um die Meisterschaft verpasste.

Nach einem Jahr beim türkischen Verein Efes Pilsen in Istanbul und wenig erfolgreichen Olympischen Spielen 2008 mit der russischen Nationalmannschaft trainierte Blatt mit Dynamo Moskau wieder eine russische Mannschaft und erreichte 2009 das nationale Pokalfinale. Nach einem Halbjahresengagement beim griechischen Verein Aris Thessaloniki 2010 kehrte Blatt zu Maccabi Tel Aviv zurück. Nach der WM 2010 wollte Blatt seine gleichzeitige Beschäftigung als russischer Nationaltrainer aufgeben, doch auf Drängen der Verbandsfunktionäre blieb er und erreichte mit dem russischen Team bei der EM 2011 und bei den Olympischen Spielen 2012 jeweils den dritten Platz.

Als Trainer von Maccabi Tel Aviv gewann Blatt das israelische Double 2011 und 2012 sowie die Adriatic League 2012. Nach dem Verpassen des israelischen Meistertitels 2013 gewann man in der Saison 2013/14 nicht nur wieder beide nationale Titel, sondern überraschte auch im Final-Four-Turnier der EuroLeague 2013/14, als man den Titel gegen die favorisierten Mannschaften von ZSKA Moskau und Real Madrid errang. Nachdem er 2004 bereits als Assistent von Pini Gershon eine Triple Crown gewonnen hatte, war dies zehn Jahre später sein erster Titelgewinn in allen bedeutenden Vereinswettbewerben einer Saison als verantwortlicher Trainer.

Nach Saisonende verkündete Blatt seinen Abschied als Trainer von Maccabi und wurde im Juni 2014 als neuer Trainer des NBA-Klubs Cleveland Cavaliers vorgestellt. Obwohl er selbst gebürtiger US-Amerikaner ist, so gilt er doch als erster Trainer, der nur aufgrund seiner Trainererfahrung in Europa und als Nationaltrainer sofort einen NBA-Klub als Cheftrainer übernehmen konnte. Kollegen wie Mike D'Antoni oder der ebenfalls als zukünftiger NBA-Cheftrainer gehandelte Italiener Ettore Messina hatten bereits im Trainerstab eines NBA-Klubs gearbeitet, bevor sie Cheftrainer eines NBA-Klubs wurden. Blatt führte Cleveland 2015 in die NBA-Endspielserie, dort unterlag seine Mannschaft den Golden State Warriors mit 1:4-Siegen.

Am 22. Januar 2016 wurde Blatt von den Cleveland Cavaliers entlassen, anschließend gewann die Mannschaft in derselben Saison unter seinem Nachfolger Tyronn Lue den NBA-Meistertitel. Cleveland schickte Blatt daraufhin als Auszeichnung für seine Arbeit einen Meisterring. Er erreichte als NBA-Trainer insgesamt 83 Siege (bei 40 Niederlagen). Ihm wurde in Cleveland insbesondere sein schwieriges Verhältnis zu LeBron James zum Verhängnis, der für den Klub wichtiger gewesen sei als er als Trainer. Ab der Saison 2016/17 trainierte er den türkischen Verein Darüşşafaka SK Istanbul. Unter seiner Leitung gewann die Mannschaft im Spieljahr 2017/18 den EuroCup. Blatt wurde dadurch der erste Trainer der die Europameisterschaft, die EuroLeague sowie den EuroCup gewann.

Im Juni 2018 unterschrieb Blatt einen Zweijahresvertrag als Cheftrainer der griechischen Mannschaft Olympiakos Piräus. Am 19. August 2019 gab er bekannt, dass bei ihm Multiple Sklerose diagnostiziert worden sei, betonte aber, weiter als Trainer arbeiten zu wollen. Zwei Monate später trennte er sich von Olympiakos. Es sei im Sinne beider Seiten, sich zu trennen, äußerte Blatt in einer Stellungnahme.

Im Dezember 2019 wurde er Berater bei den New York Knicks, wo sein früherer Princeton-Mitspieler Steve Mills das Präsidentenamt innehat, und gab gleichzeitig das Ende seiner Trainerlaufbahn bekannt. Seine Beratertätigkeit bei der New Yorker Mannschaft endete im April 2020. Ende Mai 2020 wurde Blatt als Mitinhaber einer Unternehmensgruppe Anteilseigner des tschechischen Erstligisten Basket Brno. Im Juni 2022 wurde er Berater von Maccabi Tel Aviv sowie Mitglied eines Ausschusses, in den ebenfalls Maccabis Cheftrainer, Sportdirektor sowie Talentspäher berufen wurden.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen als Trainer

Als Co-Trainer
 Sieger FIBA-Suproleague 2001
 Sieger EuroLeague 2004

Als Chef-Trainer
 Sieger EuroLeague als Triple Crown: 2014
 Israelischer Meister 2002, 2003, 2011, 2012, 2014
 Israelischer Pokalsieger 2002, 2003, 2011 bis 2014
 Sieger FIBA-EuroChallenge 2005
 Italienischer Meister 2006
 Italienischer Pokalsieger 2006
 Gewinner der Adriatic League 2012
 Sieger der Basketball-Europameisterschaft 2007 mit Russland
 Dritter Platz bei der Basketball-Europameisterschaft 2011 mit Russland
 Dritter Platz bei den Olympischen Spielen 2012 mit Russland
 Trainer des Jahres Israel 1996, 2002
 Trainer des Jahres Russland 2005
 Sieger des EuroCups 2018

Weblinks

 BLATT, DAVID – Trainerprofil auf den Seiten der Euroleague ()

Einzelnachweise

Basketballspieler (Vereinigte Staaten)
Basketballspieler (Israel)
Basketballtrainer (Israel)
Basketballtrainer (Aris Thessaloniki)
Träger des Ordens der Freundschaft
US-Amerikaner
Israeli
Geboren 1959
Mann
Basketballtrainer (Italien)
Basketballspieler (Maccabi Haifa)
Basketballspieler (Ironi Naharija)
Basketballspieler (Hapoel Gilboa Galil)
Basketballspieler (Hapoel Jerusalem)
Basketballtrainer (Darüşşafaka SK Istanbul)
Basketballtrainer (Maccabi Tel Aviv)
Basketballtrainer (Pallacanestro Treviso)

David Blatt


Goulburn er en by i New South Wales i Australien. Byen blev grundlagt i 1833 og havde i 2016 en befolkning på 22.890.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Byer i New South Wales

Goulburn (New South Wales)


Clifford Brittin Wilson (* 2. Dezember 1879 in Bridgeport, Connecticut; † 1. Januar 1943 in Weston, Connecticut) war ein US-amerikanischer Politiker der Republikanischen Partei.

Wilson arbeitete wie schon sein Vater als Rechtsanwalt. Er war Coroner (Leiter der Gerichtsmedizin) des Fairfield County und im Common Council von Bridgeport. Ab 1911 war er Bürgermeister von Bridgeport und übte dieses Amt bis 1921 aus.  Von 1915 bis 1921 amtierte er zudem als Vizegouverneur von Connecticut. 1935 wurde Wilson von seiner Partei ein letztes Mal als Kandidat für das Bridgeporter Bürgermeisteramt aufgestellt. Er unterlag jedoch deutlich dem Amtsinhaber, dem Sozialisten Jasper McLevy.

Clifford B. Wilson war Mitglied der Freimaurer, der Odd Fellows und ähnlicher Vereinigungen. Er starb am Neujahrstag 1943 an den Folgen eines Herzinfarkts.

Einzelnachweise

Vizegouverneur (Connecticut)
Bürgermeister (Bridgeport, Connecticut)
Mitglied der Republikanischen Partei
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1879
Gestorben 1943
Mann

Clifford B. Wilson


Hoya tenggerensis er fjölær jurt í vaxblómaættkvísl.  Útbreiðslan er á austur Jövu.

Tilvísanir

Vaxblómaættkvísl

Hoya tenggerensis


Le sinaugoro est une langue océanienne parlée dans la Province centrale en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée.

Écriture

Notes et références

Bibliographie

Voir aussi

Liens externes

Langue en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée

Sinaugoro


Mirosław Szymkowiak () (n. 12 noiembrie 1976, Poznań, Polonia) este un fotbalist polonez retras din activitate, care a jucat ultima dată pentru clubul turc Trabzonspor. Szymkowiak a fost membru al echipei naționale de fotbal a Poloniei.

Primul său club a fost Olimpia Poznań, unde a jucat din 1992 până în 1994, când a semnat cu Widzew Łódź. El a rămas acolo timp de cinci ani și jumătate, când a fost transferat de Wisła Cracovia la mijlocul sezonului 2000-01. El i-a ajutat să câștige campionatul în primul său sezon, reușind să câștige și alte două campionate în 2003 și 2004. În ianuarie 2005, s-a alăturat clubului turc Trabzonspor.

A avut un debut bun la Trabzonspor, marcând nouă goluri în cincisprezece partide jucate în primele șase luni.

S-a dovedit a fi un bun pasator și un marcator eficient.

Szymkowiak și-a încheiat cariera din motive medicale. Într-un interviu acordat unui portal polonez a spus că "Abia fac 31 de ani, și am trecut deja prin opt operații! Am patru șuruburi în ambii genunchi și unul în gleznă. Mă simt mai bătrân decât tatăl meu și mi-aș dori ca peste câțiva ani să pot merge ca un om normal." Ulterior, într-un interviu acordat ziarului polonez "Super Express", el a declarat că retragerea sa s-a datorat consumului de droguri: a folosit rofecoxib pentru a-și alina durerile, substanță care s-a dovedit că duce la micșorarea rezistenței.

Szymkowiak a jucat 31 de ori și a marcat trei goluri pentru Polonia. A fost inclus în lotul de 23 de jucători care a participat la Campionatul Mondial de Fotbal 2006.

El și-a anunțat retragerea din fotbal.

Szymkowiak lucrează în prezent ca reporter pentru Canal+ Polonia. Prima partidă la care a asistat din postura de reporter a fost meciul din Ekstraklasa dintre GKS Bełchatów și  Zagłębie  Lubin în data de 5 aprilie 2007. El deține două saloane de frumusețe în Cracovia.

Note

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1976
Fotbaliști ai Campionatului Mondial de Fotbal 2006
Fotbaliști ai Wisła Cracovia
Fotbaliști internaționali polonezi
Mijlocași
Sportivi polonezi în viață

Mirosław Szymkowiak


is a village located in Ama District, Aichi Prefecture, in the Tōkai region of Japan. , the town had an estimated population of  4,609  in 1765 households, and a population density of 206 persons per km². The total area of the village was .

The village contains the place "Aichi-ken Ama-gun Tobishima-mura Ooaza-tobishima Shinden-aza Take-no-gou Yotare Minami-no-wari", which has a claim on having the longest name in Japan.

Geography
Tobishima is situated in south-western Aichi Prefecture, bordered by the metropolis of Nagoya to the east, and Ise Bay to the south. Most of the village is at sea level.

Neighboring municipalities
Aichi Prefecture
Nagoya
Yatomi
Kanie

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tobishima has remained steady over the past 70 years.

Climate
The village has a climate characterized by characterized by hot and humid summers, and relatively mild winters (Köppen climate classification Cfa).  The average annual temperature in Tobishima is 15.7 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1651 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.7 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.6 °C.

History
Tobishima was developed on reclaimed land by the Tokugawa shogunate and again during the Meiji period. The modern village was established on October 1, 1889 with the Meiji period establishment of the modern municipalities system. The village suffered from damage during the 1944 Tōnankai earthquake and the 1959 Isewan typhoon. As a result, an eight-meter tall seawall was constructed to protect the village against storm surges in 1962.

Economy
Tobishima has a mixed agricultural and industrial economy.  The Nishi-Nagoya Thermal Power Station is also located in Tobishima and is a source of tax revenue for the village.

Education
Tobishima has one combined public elementary/middle school operated by the village government. The village does not have a high school.

Transportation

Railway
Tobishima does not have any passenger railway service. The nearest train station is  in the neighboring town of Kanie.

Highways
   Isewangan Expressway – Tobishima IC
  Mei-Nikan Expressway

Sister city relations
 - Rio Vista, California, United States, sister cities since April 6, 2007

References

External links

Villages in Aichi Prefecture
Populated coastal places in Japan

Tobishima


Jen Taylor Friedman est une soferet (scribe rituel juive).

Biographie
Taylor Friedman, née à Southampton en Angleterre, fait ses études à Oxford. Durant ses études, elle s'intéresse à la halakha (loi juive) et à la calligraphie. Sa rencontre avec un sofer (un scribe masculin) lui fait comprendre que devenir soferet lui permet de réunir ces deux disciplines. Taylor Friedman poursuit ses études de scribe à Jérusalem et à New York, où elle réside actuellement . Le 9 septembre 2007, elle devient la première femme connue à terminer un rouleau de la Torah. Le Sefer Torah de Taylor Friedman a été commandé par l'United Hebrew Congregation, un temple réformé à St. Louis, Missouri.

Œuvre
Le premier projet de Taylor Friedman en tant que soferet est Meguilat Esther, un rouleau du livre biblique d'Esther qui est traditionnellement lu dans la synagogue pendant les vacances de Pourim. Elle termine ce projet le 6 mars 2004, jour de Pourim. Elle poursuit son travail avec six autres megillots, dont un pour la Congrégation Ansche Chesed, une synagogue de l'Upper West Side de Manhattan .

En 2006, Jen Taylor Friedman crée une Tefillin Barbie, présentée dans un certain nombre de publications juives de premier plan.

Jen Taylor Friedman supervise le travail des scribes impliqués dans le Women's Torah Project, achevé en 2010. En mai 2010, elle termine son troisième rouleau de Torah pour la Congrégation Dorshei Emet, la première synagogue au Canada et la troisième au monde à recevoir une Torah manuscrite par une femme. En 2018, elle achève  la première Torah complète écrite au Texas par une femme, un travail de commande par la congrégation Agudas Achim d'Austin.

Jen Taylor Friedman participe au travail et à la formation des soferot (femmes scribes)dont celle de Ermeline Vicaire, qui devient en juillet 2021 la première femme scribe française, ou soferet.

En 2022, à l'École pratique des Hautes Études, elle participe aux travaux de recherches du Laboratoire SAPRAT - Savoirs et Pratiques du Moyen Âge à l'époque contemporaine en tant que doctorante sur un sujet de thèse  intitulé Otiyyot Meshunnot dans le rouleau de la Torah de Bologne, sous la direction de Judith Olszowy-Schlanger.

Références

Liens externes

 Elissa Strauss, « Les femmes qui écrivent la Torah : une nouvelle génération de femmes scribes entre dans l'histoire », The Forward, 19 novembre 2010.
 Hasoferet.com Site officiel

Personnalité américaine du judaïsme
Calligraphe américain
Pages avec des traductions non relues

Jen Taylor Friedman


Dojcija (deucija, lat. Deutzia), biljni rod iz porodice hortenzijevki raširen u Aziji, od Himalaja do Pacifika, te u Meksiku
. Poznatije vrste su nježna ili niska (D. gracilis) i obična dojcija (D. Scabra).

Rod je dobio ime po nizozemskom prirodoslovcu Johnu Deutzu.

Vrste

 Deutzia albida Batalin
 Deutzia aspera Rehder
 Deutzia baroniana Diels
 Deutzia bhutanensis Zaik.
 Deutzia bomiensis S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia breviloba S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia bungoensis Hatus.
 Deutzia calycosa Rehder
 Deutzia cinerascens Rehder
 Deutzia compacta Craib
 Deutzia coriacea Rehder
 Deutzia corymbosa R.Br. ex G.Don
 Deutzia crassidentata S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia crassifolia Rehder
 Deutzia crenata Siebold & Zucc.
 Deutzia cymuligera S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia discolor Hemsl.
 Deutzia esquirolii (H.Lév.) Rehder
 Deutzia faberi Rehder
 Deutzia floribunda Nakai
 Deutzia glabrata Kom.
 Deutzia glauca W.C.Cheng
 Deutzia glaucophylla S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia glomeruliflora Franch.
 Deutzia gracilis Siebold & Zucc.
 Deutzia grandiflora Bunge
 Deutzia hatusimae H.Ohba, L.M.Niu & Minamit.
 Deutzia henryi Rehder
 Deutzia heterophylla S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia hookeriana (C.K.Schneid.) Airy Shaw
 Deutzia hypoglauca Rehder
 Deutzia longifolia Franch.
 Deutzia macrantha Hook.f. & Thomson
 Deutzia maximowicziana Makino
 Deutzia mexicana Hemsl.
 Deutzia mollis Duthie
 Deutzia monbeigii W.W.Sm.
 Deutzia muliensis S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia multiradiata W.T.Wang
 Deutzia nanchuanensis W.T.Wang
 Deutzia naseana Nakai
 Deutzia ningpoensis Rehder
 Deutzia oaxacana Zaik.
 Deutzia obtusilobata S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia occidentalis Standl.
 Deutzia ogatae Koidz.
 Deutzia paniculata Nakai
 Deutzia parviflora Bunge
 Deutzia pilosa Rehder
 Deutzia pringlei C.K.Schneid.
 Deutzia pulchra S.Vidal
 Deutzia purpurascens (Franch. ex L.Henry) Rehder
 Deutzia rehderiana C.K.Schneid.
 Deutzia rubens Rehder
 Deutzia scabra Thunb.
 Deutzia schneideriana Rehder
 Deutzia setchuenensis Franch.
 Deutzia setifera Zaik.
 Deutzia silvestrii Pamp.
 Deutzia squamosa S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia staminea R.Br. ex Wall.
 Deutzia subulata Hand.-Mazz.
 Deutzia taibaiensis W.T.Wang ex S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia taiwanensis (Maxim.) C.K.Schneid.
 Deutzia uniflora Shirai
 Deutzia wardiana Zaik.
 Deutzia × wilsonii Duthie
 Deutzia yaeyamensis Ohwi
 Deutzia yunnanensis S.M.Hwang
 Deutzia zentaroana Nakai
 Deutzia zhongdianensis S.M.Hwang

Galerija

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Hortenzijevke

Dojcija


Castle Morpeth fue un distrito no metropolitano con el estatus de municipio, ubicado en el condado de Northumberland (Inglaterra).

Fue constituido el 1 de abril de 1974 bajo la Ley de Gobierno Local de 1972 como una fusión del municipio de Morpeth, el distrito rural homónimo y las parroquias de Belsay, Capheaton, Heddon-on-the-Wall, Matfen, Ponteland, Stamfordham y Stannington and Whalton, todas ellas en el distrito rural de Castle Ward. El distrito fue abolido el 1 de abril de 2009 y su ayuntamiento disuelto tras entrar en vigor una serie de cambios estructurales en el gobierno local de Inglaterra, transfiriendo sus responsabilidades al ayuntamiento del condado.

Según la Oficina Nacional de Estadística británica, Castle Morpeth tenía una superficie de 618,23 km².

Referencias

Antiguos distritos no metropolitanos
Northumberland

Castle Morpeth


فيدران تشورلوكا ، من مواليد 5 فبراير 1986 في درفينتا في يوغسلافيا، لاعب كرة قدم كرواتي.

بدأ مسيرته الكروية مع نادي دينامو زغرب في عام 2003، ولعب معهم حتى عام 2007، وشارك معهم في 61 مباراة وسجل 7 أهداف، وفي موسم 2004/2005 أعير إلى نادي إنتر زابريستش، ولعب معهم 27 مباراة وسجل 4 أهداف، ومنذ عام 2007 وهو يلعب مع نادي مانشستر سيتي الإنجليزي، وفي عام 2008 انتقل إلى نادي توتنهام هوتسبير الإنجليزي، يعتبر من اللاعبين طوال القامة حيث يبلغ طوله 192 سم، يتمتع ببنية جسمانية قوية، صنع أكثر من 10 اهداف وسجل هدفين في موسم 2008\2009.

بدأ مسيرته مع منتخب كرواتيا لكرة القدم في عام 2006.

روابط خارجية

مراجع

لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في روسيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية كروات مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية كرواتيون
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم رجالية مغتربون في إنجلترا
مدافعو كرة قدم رجالية
أشخاص على قيد الحياة
أشخاص من درفنتا
بوسنيون مهاجرون إلى كرواتيا
رياضيون كرواتيون مغتربون في ألمانيا
رياضيون كرواتيون مغتربون في إنجلترا
رياضيون كرواتيون مغتربون في روسيا
كروات البوسنة والهرسك
كرواتيون من أصل بوسني
لاجئو حروب يوغوسلافيا
لاعبو الدوري الألماني
لاعبو الدوري الإنجليزي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري الروسي الممتاز
لاعبو الدوري الكرواتي الممتاز
لاعبو باير ليفركوزن
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2008
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2012
لاعبو بطولة أمم أوروبا 2016
لاعبو توتنهام هوتسبر
لاعبو دوري الدرجة الأولى الإنجليزي
لاعبو دينامو زغرب
لاعبو كأس العالم 2014
لاعبو كأس العالم 2018
لاعبو كرة قدم كرواتيون
لاعبو كرة قدم كرواتيون مغتربون
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في ألمانيا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في إنجلترا
لاعبو كرة قدم مغتربون في روسيا
لاعبو لوكوموتيف موسكو
لاعبو مانشستر سيتي
لاعبو منتخب كرواتيا تحت 21 سنة لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب كرواتيا لكرة القدم
لاعبو منتخب كرواتيا لكرة القدم للشباب
لاعبو نادي أنتر زابرشيتش
كورلوكا
نادي الفيفا المئوي

فيدران تشورلوكا


Rees Köşkü, bugün Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dekanlık Binası olarak kullanılan bina. 1800'lerin ortalarında İngiliz Rees ailesi tarafından yapıldı. Bay Rees, Osmanlı Demiryolu Şirketi'nin yetkilisi idi. Buca İstasyonu'na kadar gelen demiryolu hattını da o döşettirmiştir. Rees Köşkü, tipik İngiliz mimarisinin özelliklerini yansıtmaktadır. Simetrik cepheli, üçgen alınlıklı ve çıkmalı bina, ahşap ve yığma taş bir yapı olup, iki katlıdır. Alt katta şömine bulunan geniş bir holün ardından yine geniş bir oturma odası ve küçük odalar bulunmaktadır. İçeriden ahşap merdivenle çıkılan üst katta da odalar mevcuttur. Uzun süre aile tarafından köşk olarak kullanılan binaya I. Dünya Savaşı yıllarında Vali Rahmi Bey tarafından el koyulmuş ve bina resmi bina olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır.

Rees Köşkü ile ilgili ayrıntılı bilgi, fotoğraflar ve mimari çizimler ODTÜ Yayınları arasında çıkan Feyyaz Erpi imzalı "Buca'da Konut Mimarisi" adlı kitapta bulunabilir.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Buca Protestan Baptist Kilisesi

İzmir'deki köşkler
Buca'daki yapılar
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi
Bilgi kutusu bulunmayan yapılar

Rees Köşkü


Mario Monicelli () a fost un regizor și scenarist italian . Printre cele mai cunoscute filme se numără  Veșnicii necunoscuți (1958), Marele război (1959), Fata cu pistolul (1968), nominalizate cu Oscar pentru cele mai bune filme străine. La Berlinala din 1957 filmul său Între noi părinții (1957) a fost premiat cu Ursul de Argint. Alte două premii au urmat în anii 1976 și 1982 pentru filmele Caro Michele (1976) și Il marchese del Grillo (1981).

Activitatea sa cuprinde peste 60 de lucrări de regie și circa 90 de scenarii de film. Este socotit ca unul din "părinții  Comediei italiene".

Biografie

Filmografie selectivă

Regizor

Scenarist selecție (filme de alți regizori)

Premii și nominalizări

Note

Bibliografie

Legături externe

Nașteri în 1915
Decese în 2010
Regizori italieni
Scenariști italieni

Mario Monicelli


The Eurocopter (now Airbus Helicopters) AS365 Dauphin (Dolphin), also formerly known as the Aérospatiale SA 365 Dauphin 2, is a medium-weight multipurpose twin-engine helicopter produced by Airbus Helicopters. It was originally developed and manufactured by French firm Aérospatiale, which was merged into the multinational Eurocopter company during the 1990s. Since entering production in 1975, the type has been in continuous production for more than 40 years. The intended successor to the Dauphin is the Airbus Helicopters H160, which entered operational service in 2021.

The Dauphin 2 shares many similarities with the Aérospatiale SA 360, a commercially unsuccessful single-engine helicopter; however the twin-engine Dauphin 2 did meet with customer demand and has been operated by a wide variety of civil and military operators. Since the type's introduction in the 1970s, several major variations and specialised versions of the Dauphin 2 have been developed and entered production, including the military-oriented Eurocopter Panther, the air-sea rescue HH/MH-65 Dolphin, the Chinese-manufactured Harbin Z-9 and the modernised Eurocopter EC155.

Development
The SA 365/AS365 Dauphin 2 is a twin-engine development of the commercially unsuccessful single-engined Aérospatiale SA 360 Dauphin; only a year after the SA 360's entry into service, Aerospatiale had recognized that a platform powered by two engines rather than one was better suited to both civil and military operations, thus a redesign program was initiated. On 24 January 1975, the first twin-engine Dauphin prototype performed its first flight; the prototype soon demonstrated an airspeed of 170 knots in level flight and set multiple speed records, among them the Paris-London trip at an average of 322 km/h.

The initial production variant entered service under the original designation of SA 365C; French certification of this model was received in July 1978, with US FAA and British CAA certification following later that year. Deliveries to customers began in December 1978. In 1982, the SA 356C Dauphin was succeeded by the more capable SA 365 N. Amongst several major design changes and improvements, the SA 365 N featured more powerful engines, greater use of composite materials, a better cabin arrangement, and retractable landing gear.

Further improvements were made with the introduction of the SA 365 N1, which had a substantially redesigned Fenestron anti-torque device, and with the SA 365 N2, which was equipped with more powerful Turbomeca Arriel 1C2 turboshaft engines. In January 1990, the overall type was formally redesignated as the AS365. The AS365 Dauphin is one of Eurocopter's more successful helicopter designs; and has been widely used as a corporate transport, airborne law enforcement platform, emergency medical services (EMS) helicopter, electronic news gathering platform, and search and rescue helicopter.

The base Dauphin has been further developed into several purpose-built variants. During the 1980s, the SA 365 N was used as the basis for a militarised version of the Dauphin, initially designed as AS 365 K, which was used to perform utility, troop-transport, and maritime operations, widely known as the Eurocopter Panther. A variant of the Dauphin was specifically developed for and operated principally by the United States Coast Guard under the designation HH/MH-65 Dolphin. The SA 365 M model of the Dauphin has also been manufactured under licence in China as the Z-9 by the Harbin Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation; the Z-9 was subsequently developed into the armed Z-9W and Z-19 attack helicopter.

Design

The AS365 Dauphin is a twin-engine helicopter capable of travelling long ranges, and well suited to operating in climates of a high ambient temperature or at locations of significant altitude. The Dauphin is typically powered by a pair of Turbomeca Arriel turboshaft engines; on later variants, these are equipped with FADEC units, which provide additional functionality such as an automated start-up sequence and a training mode. The engines drive the rotorcraft's foldable Starflex main rotor and its Fenestron anti-torque tail rotor via two separate transmissions; these gearboxes are also connected to two separate hydraulic systems as well as a stand-by hydraulic system for emergency use, such as deployment of the landing gear. Electrical power is provided by a pair of starter generators and a NiCad (Nickel-Cadmium) main battery; an emergency battery is also present. The combination of the rotorcraft's Starflex main rotor and Fenestron tail provides a low-noise and low-vibration flight experience for those on board; Airbus Helicopters has claimed the sound emissions of the AS365 N3 to be 3.1 decibels below International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards, making it the quietest helicopter in its class. The Dauphin can take off under a full load from sea level under Category A conditions.

The main fuselage of the rotorcraft comprises the cabin area, a separate luggage compartment, and a retractable tricycle landing gear arrangement; a total of four conventional doors to access the main cabin are typically installed, which can be optionally replaced by a single clamshell air stair entrance instead. Various portions of the rotorcraft are made from composite materials, such as the rotor blades that made of carbon fiber, other materials are used in portions of the fuselage. The fuselage features anti-corrosion protection and is structurally reinforced for an optional hoist or cargo sling to be installed, various other mooring and gripping points are also fitted on the rotocraft's exterior surface. Various types and models of radar can be installed in the Dauphin's nose.

The main cabin area is designed to be reconfigurable, a feature which is promoted to emergency medical service (EMS) and search and rescue (SAR) operators. In a regular passenger transport layout, the cabin can accommodate up to 12 passengers in addition to the two pilots; up to seven passengers can be accommodated in a VIP layout. Access to the cabin is via large sliding doors on either side of the helicopter, built-in boarding steps are typically installed to ease the boarding of passengers.

While the cockpit is typically equipped with dual flight controls for two-man operations, the Dauphin can be readily flown by a single pilot while operating under instrument flight rules; this was achieved in part by avionics such as the 4-axis Dual Digital Automatic Flight Control System (older production aircraft use a 3-axis flight control system with integrated autopilot instead) to reduce crew workload. The principal flight control system are connected to a total of 3 dual-chamber primary servo-units for cyclical and collective pitch control, and a single dual-chamber rear servo-unit for tail rotor pitch control. Other major avionics include  multi-mission touch screen displays, weather radar, global positioning system (GPS) receiver, traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS), automatic voice alarm device (AVAD), health and usage monitoring system (HUMS), quick access records for helicopter flight data management, and digital audio communication system (DACS).

Operational history

In February 1980, the first series production Dauphin was used to break three separate speed-related world records in separate journeys between Battersea, London, United Kingdom and Issy-les-Moulineaux, Paris, France. In 1985, a new model of the Dauphin, the AS365 F, became the first rotorcraft in the world to fly with flight instruments being displayed in electronic displays, which replaced the traditional instrumentation; this variant was first procured by the Irish Air Corps for SAR operations.

The French Navy operated the Dauphin, in addition to the dedicated military-orientated Panther variant, to conduct various missions such as the Dauphin Service Public  which involves various duties from seaborne SAR, maritime monitoring, and responding to distress calls. French Navy Dauphins are commonly deployed on board the aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle as well as onboard other vessels of the French Navy and allies; they are fitted with a haul-down Harpoon in order to ease shipboard landings in rough weather.

In November 2011, the French Navy began operational use of a newer model of the Dauphin, the Dauphin N3+, as a replacement for aging Eurocopter AS332 Super Pumas stationed in French Polynesia; the primary missions being SAR and MEDIVAC duties in this region.

By 1980, a total of 265 AS360/361/365 Dauphins had been delivered, 88% of these deliveries were to foreign customers in a total of 23 different nations. Amongst the biggest early customers for the type was Saudi Arabia, which ordered 24 Dauphins, and Angola, with an order for 17 Dauphins. The largest civil customers of the type has been Indian operator Pawan Hans, who by 2003 had a fleet of 19 Dauphins (nearly two-thirds of their total rotary fleet) and were in the process of procuring another 11 Dauphins to allow older aircraft to be phased out; they have been frequently used to support offshore oil extraction activities.

In February 1991, it was announced that the 500th Dauphin had been delivered to Bond Helicopters, who at that time operated a total of 15 of the type, with additional Dauphins on order. By 1991, the Dauphin was being operated by 138 customers across 44 nations. In December 2006, Eurocopter president Fabrice Brégier stated that between 30 and 40 Dauphins were being delivered each year. By 2011, more than 1,000 AS365/366/565 versions had been produced; Pawan Hans took delivery of the 1,000th Dauphin produced in April 2011, at which point the type was reportedly in service with over 300 operators worldwide.

Prior to the 2004 Summer Olympics, five AS 356N3 Dauphins were procured for the Hellenic Coast Guard for harbor surveillance purposes. Between 2009 and 2012, the Army Air Corps of the United Kingdom took delivery of five Dauphins, these were assigned to No. 658 Squadron AAC to replace four AgustaWestland A109 helicopters being used to support Special Air Service (SAS) operations.

, the AS365 N variant of the Dauphin holds the world speed record for a  course, set at  in 1991.

Variants

Civilian variants
SA 365 C
A twin-engined version of the Dauphin, designated as the Dauphin 2, was announced in early 1973. The first prototype's first flight took place on 24 January 1975; production model deliveries began in December 1978. In comparison with the earlier model, the SA 365 C featured twin  Arriel 1 turboshafts in a new engine fairing, a Starflex main rotor hub and a higher maximum take-off weight (). Its Fenestron anti-torque device featured 13 metal blades. Production of both the SA 360 and SA 365 C ceased in 1981, by which time approximately 40 SA 360s and 50 SA 365 C/C1s had been built; both were replaced by the SA 365 N.

SA 365 C1
Variant powered by Arriel 1A1 certified in March 1979.

SA 365 C2
Variant powered by Arriel 1A2 certified in February 1980.

SA 365 C3
Variant powered by Arriel 1C certified in January 1982.

SA 365 N
A much improved version of the SA 365 C Dauphin 2, the first prototype flying on 31 March 1979. This version introduced the uprated  Arriel 1C turboshafts, a retractable tricycle undercarriage, enlarged tail surfaces, and revised transmission, main rotor, rotor mast fairing and engine cowlings. The aircraft's initial M.T.O.W. of  was later raised to . Deliveries of the production model began in 1982.

SA 365 N1
Incorporating many of the improvements developed for the SA 366 G1 (HH-65 Dolphin), this version introduced upgraded  Arriel 1C1 turboshafts, an improved 11-blade Fenestron with wider-chord blades (which reduced the AS365 N1's noise signature), movable undercarriage doors replaced by simplified fairings and a higher gross weight of .

AS 365 N2
This version – designated AS365 N2 from the outset – introduced the upgraded  Arriel 1C2 turboshafts, an uprated gearbox, increased maximum take-off weight of , redesigned cabin doors and revised interior, enlarged tail fin with all composite Fenestron. Deliveries of this version started in 1990. Licensed versions were assembled in China as the Z-9, Z-19 and AVIC AC312.

AS365 N3
The high-performance AS365 N3 was developed for operations in 'hot and high' climates, and introduced  Arriel 2C turboshafts equipped with a single channel DECU (Digital Engine Control Unit) with manual reversion, mated to an uprated main transmission for better single engine performance. The AS365 N3 also features a redesigned ten blade composite Fenestron anti-torque device with asymmetric blade distribution, offering a further reduction in noise signature. The AS365 N3's gross weight is . Production deliveries began in December 1998. The last one was delivered on 21 January 2022.

AS365 N3+
This version was presented at the 2009 Paris Air Show and differs mainly in new avionics including 4-axis auto-pilot This version is currently still in production.

AS365 N4
Produced as the EC155.

AS365 X
Better known as the DGV 200 or Dauphin Grand Vitesse (High Speed Dauphin), the AS365 X was developed from the X-380 DTP (Developpement Technique Probatoire or Probatory Technical Development) testbed, first flown on 20 March 1989. The aircraft was first flown in the AS365 X configuration two years later in March 1991, and featured a smaller Fenestron, a new main rotor with five high-inertia blades with swept tips, a composite rotor hub/mast and  Turbomeca Arriel IX turboshafts. On 19 November 1991, this aircraft set a Class E1e () speed record of  over a  triangular course.

EC155 B/B1

This version was originally to follow the N3 as the AS365 N4, and was announced at the 1997 Paris Airshow before being redesignated as the EC155 B. As with the N3 version, it has two Arriel 2C/2C2 turboshafts equipped with FADEC as well as a five blade Spheriflex main rotor (derived from the AS365 X DGV). It also features a 30% larger main cabin (achieved with bulged doors and cabin plugs). The first flight of the first prototype took place on 17 June 1997 and this version is currently in production (as the EC155 B1).

Military variants
AS565 Panther
 See Eurocopter AS565 Panther

SA 366 G1 Dauphin
 The SA 366 G1 Dauphin version was selected by the US Coast Guard (USCG) in 1979 as its new air-sea rescue helicopter and given the designation HH-65A Dolphin. In total 99 helicopters, optimized for the USCG's short-range recovery (SRR) search and rescue role, were initially acquired, with additional aircraft later procured.

SA 365 N Dauphin
 A much improved version of the SA 365 C Dauphin 2, the first prototype flying on 31 March 1979. This version introduced the upgraded  Arriel 1C turbo-shafts, a retractable tricycle undercarriage, enlarged tail surfaces, and revised transmission, main rotor, rotor mast fairing and engine cowlings. The aircraft's initial M.T.O.W. of  was later raised to . Deliveries of the production model began in 1982.

SA 365 F Dauphin
The SA 365 F is a variant of the SA 365 N for the French Navy. It has been used since 1991 for general duties and for backup purposes aboard an aircraft carrier. A helicopter with rescue divers is always in the air during flight operations to be able to assist the pilot in case of an accident. First experiments were successfully carried out in 1990 on board the . The variant 365F is used since 1999 with Flottille 35F called AS365F Dauphin Pedro.

AS365 N3 Dauphin
The high-performance AS365 N3 was developed for operations in 'hot and high' climates, and introduced  Arriel 2C turbo-shafts equipped with a single channel DECU (Digital Engine Control Unit) with manual reversion, mated to an upgraded main transmission for better single engine performance. The AS365 N3 also features a redesigned ten blade composite Fenestron anti-torque device with asymmetric blade distribution, offering a further reduction in noise signature. The AS365 N3's gross weight is . Production deliveries began in December 1998.

AS365 N3+
This version was presented by Eurocopter at the 2009 Paris Air Show and differs mainly in new avionics including a 4-axis auto-pilot.

Operators

The Dauphin is flown by a range of private operators, companies, emergency services, government agencies and air charter companies.

Government operators

Argentine Coast Guard

Victoria Police
Western Australia Police

Sécurité Civile

Hellenic Coast Guard

Icelandic Coast Guard

Indonesian National Police
National Search and Rescue Agency
National Agency for Disaster Countermeasure

Tokyo Fire Department
Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department

Kuwait Police

Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency

Netherlands Coastguard

Serviciul Român de Informații (4 units)

Guardia Civil
Servicio de Vigilancia Aduanera

Akademiska sjukhuset

National Airborne Service Corps

Military operators

FAPA/DAA

Bangladesh Army

Bulgarian Navy

Chilean Navy

Colombian Navy

Congolese Air Force

Djibouti Air Force

French Navy

Force Aérienne de Côte d'Ivoire

Lithuanian Air Force

Myanmar Air Force

 Nigerian Air Force

Royal Saudi Naval Forces

Army Air Corps

United States Coast Guard (see Eurocopter HH-65 Dolphin)

Uruguayan Air Force

Vietnam Helicopter Corporation
Vietnam Navy

Former operators

Fiji Air Wing

Irish Air Corps

South African Air Force

Sri Lanka Air Force

Aircraft on display
 SA365N Dauphin, F-WQAP, at The Helicopter Museum, Weston-super-Mare, United Kingdom.

Accidents and notable incidents

On 2 July 1999, an AS365F operated by the Irish Air Corps hit a sand dune in thick fog in Tramore while returning from a successful mission off the Waterford coast. The four crew members were killed in the collision.

On 4 April 2015, an AS365 owned by Orion Corridor Sdn Bhd, crashed in Semenyih near Kajang, Malaysia. All six people on board, including the ex-ambassador of Malaysia to the US and Rompin MP, Jamaluddin Jarjis, and others were killed. The helicopter was coming from a wedding party of the Malaysian Prime Minister's daughter.

Specifications (AS365 N3)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography
 Chant, Chris. "A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware." Routledge, 2014. .

 J. Mac, McClellan. Day of the Dauphin. From France to you: Aerospatiale's Dauphine is the Prince of Helicopter. Flying Magazine, September 1989. Vol. 116, No. 9. . pp. 76–80.
 McGowen, Stanley S. "Helicopters: An Illustrated History of Their Impact." ABC-CLIO, 2005. .
 Kolodziej, Edward A. "Making and Marketing Arms: The French Experience and Its Implications for the International System." Princeton University Press, 2014. .

External links

 Eurocopter
 Chinese Z-9
 French Navy Dauphin during winch demonstration exercise

Aérospatiale aircraft
Airbus Helicopters aircraft
Fantail helicopters
1970s French civil utility aircraft
1970s French military utility aircraft
1970s French helicopters
Twin-turbine helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1975

Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin


البر المحسوب مفهوم في اللاهوت البروتستانتي ينص على أن بر المسيح يحسب للمؤمنين، وكأنه خاصتهم من خلال الإيمان. وعلى أساس هذا البر «الغريب» (بمعنى من الخارج)، يقبل الله البشر. وهذا القبول يدعى التبرير. وهكذا تتعلق العقيدة بعقيدة سولا فيدي.

عقيدة البر المحسوب عقيدة أساسية في الكنائس اللوثرية والمصلحة، كما أنها على عكس الموقف الكاثوليكي الذي يدعى البر المنقوع، والذي ينص على أن الله يجعل الآثم باراً وجديراً بالخلاص.

آيات مؤيدة للبر المحسوب
 «كما يهنئ داود أيضاً الإنسان الذي يحسب له الله براً بمعزل عن الأعمال...» (روما 4:6)
 «وبفضل الله صار لكم مقام في المسيح يسوع، الذي صار لنا حكمة من الله وبراً وقداسة وفداء.» (كورنثوس الأول 1:30)
 «فإن الذي لم يعرف الخطيئة، جعله الله خطيئة لأجلنا، لنصير نحن بر الله فيه.» (كورنثوس الثاني 5:21)
 «بل إن اعتبر كل شيء خسارة من أجل امتياز معرفة المسيح يسوع ربي، فمن أجله تحملت خسارة كل شيء، وأعتبر كل شيء نفاية، لكي أرباح المسيح، ويكون لي فيه مقام، إذ ليس لي بري الذاتي ألقائم على أساس الشريعة، بل البر الآتي من الإيمان بالمسيح، البر الذي من عند الله على أساس الإيمان.» (فيليبي 9-3:8)

مراجع

ثيولوجيا لوثرية
عبارات مسيحية

الخلاص في بروتستانتية

بر محسوب


An Festuca cirrosa in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Carlo Luigi Carlos Luis Spegazzini, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Parodi. An Festuca cirrosa in nahilalakip ha genus nga Festuca, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Festuca

Festuca cirrosa


Psycho Circus war eine 1999 begonnene Tournee der Hard-Rock-Gruppe Kiss.

Hintergrund
Kiss hatte nach der Wiedervereinigung der Gründungsmitglieder bei "MTV Unplugged" 1996 und 1997 eine äußerst erfolgreiche Tournee (Alive/Worldwide Tour) absolviert. Die Konzertreise beinhaltete 192 Konzerte in 24 Staaten, die einzelnen Veranstaltungen hatten durchschnittlich 13.737 Besucher. Merkmal der Tournee war die Verwendung eines Nachbaus der Love Gun-Bühne, mit der die Gruppe ihre erfolgreichste Tournee der 1970er Jahre bestritten hatte und die durch die Abbildungen im Klappcover des Albums Alive II weltweit Bekanntheit erlangt hatte.

Am 22. September 1998 veröffentlichte die Gruppe ihr von Bruce Fairbairn produziertes 18. Studioalbum mit dem Titel Psycho Circus. Dabei handelte es sich um die erste Veröffentlichung der Gründungsformation der Gruppe seit Dynasty von 1979.

Änderungen an der Bühne betrafen die Verwendung von zwei großen Bandlogos auf der linken und rechten Bühnenseite; üblicherweise hatte die Gruppe bis dahin stets ein einzelnes, mittig positioniertes Logo bei ihren Konzerten benutzt. Der Drumriser wurde nicht mehr, wie sonst üblich, durch ein Hydrauliksystem angehoben, sondern an Ketten hochgezogen, sodass man unter ihm hindurchsehen konnte. Dadurch und durch die Nutzung von Nebeleffekten an der Unterseite des Drumrisers entstand ein Schwebeeffekt. Auffälligstes Merkmal der Bühnenshow, bei der die Gruppe Replikas ihrer 1976 getragenen Kostüme trug, war jedoch der Einsatz von 3D-Effekten. Um das zu ermöglichen, wurde das Unternehmen Nocturne Productions mit der Umsetzung beauftragt, die sich für den Einsatz von stereoskopischem 3D entschied, bei dem die Zuschauer eine Brille mit polarisierten Gläsern tragen mussten, die sie am Eingang zum Veranstaltungsort erhielten.

Während der Konzerte wurden vorproduzierte Videofilme und mit 3D-Kameras produzierte Liveaufnahmen auf den Videowänden gezeigt; für die Zuschauer wurde jeweils rechtzeitig vorher ein Symbol eingeblendet, damit sie wussten, dass sie die Brillen aufsetzen mussten. Dadurch war es möglich, Effekte wie in den Zuschauerraum fliegende Plektren oder entgegengestreckte Gitarren zu erzeugen. Ursprünglich hatte das Management auch die Idee verfolgt, vor jedem Konzert Artisten und Clowns auftreten zu lassen, sodass die Tournee quasi von einem realen Zirkus begleitet werden würde, es konnte jedoch keine Vereinbarung mit den Künstlern getroffen werden, sodass die Idee kurz vor der Generalprobe am 30. Oktober 1998 fallen gelassen wurde. Die Zirkusmitglieder traten dennoch beim Premierenkonzert am 31. Oktober in Los Angeles auf.

Musikalisch verließ sie die Gruppe auf die bewährte Setlist mit überwiegend altem Material (mit einem Schwerpunkt auf die Jahre 1975, 1976 und 1977), lediglich drei Titel von Psycho Circus kamen dazu.

 Zahl der Konzerte: 62
 Beginn der Tournee: 31. Oktober 1998, Dodger Stadium, Los Angeles (Kalifornien)
 Ende der Tournee: 3. Januar 2000, George M. Sullivan Sports Arena, Anchorage, Alaska
 Besuchte Länder: Argentinien, Belgien, Brasilien, Kanada, Deutschland, England, Finnland, Frankreich, Italien, Mexiko, Niederlande, Norwegen, Schweden, Tschechische Republik, Vereinigte Staaten
 Vorgruppen: Big Wreck, Bionic, Buck Cherry, Caroline's Spine, Econoline Crush, Everclear, John Hayes Project, Junkbox, Lit, Los Villanos, Natural Born Hippies, Nickelback, Ozone Monday, PUYA, Rammstein, Smashing Pumpkins
 Durchschnittliche Besucherzahl: 12.826 (ohne die drei Einzelkonzerte, die nach dem 24. April 1999 stattfanden)

Konzertabsagen
Insgesamt mussten fünf geplante Termine abgesagt werden, unter anderem die drei Konzerte in Moskau und Sankt Petersburg, die am 28. März 1998 nach den NATO-Luftangriffen vom 24. März im Kosovo aus Sicherheitsgründen gestrichen wurden. Außerdem wurden je ein für Santiago de Chile (Chile) und Montevideo (Uruguay) geplantes Konzert abgesagt.

US-Tour
Am 30. Oktober 1998 fand im Dodger Stadium in Los Angeles die Generalprobe für das erste Konzert der Tournee statt, an der zahlreiche Mitglieder des Musiklabels Mercury Records und weitere geladene Gäste teilnahmen. Auch Bruce Kulick, von 1984 bis 1995 Gitarrist der Band, gehörte zu den Gästen der Probe. Der Startschuss zur Tournee fiel dann am 31. Oktober (Halloween), als die Gruppe vor 32.019 Zuschauern in Los Angeles auftrat. FOX sendete am selben Tag eine (aufgezeichnete) Sendung der Reihe Mad TV, bei der Kiss die Gastgeberrolle wahrnahm und die Gruppe bzw. einzelne Mitglieder der Band in einigen Sketchen mitspielten. Im Anschluss daran strahlte der Sender die halbstündige KISS LIVE – The Ultimate Halloween Party aus, während der die Lieder Psycho Circus und Let Me go, Rock 'n Roll (an der Westküste der USA durch Shout it out Loud ersetzt) live eingespielt wurden. Außerdem wurde das Konzert live im Radio übertragen; PepsiCo finanzierte die Übertragung im Internet. Zur Setlist gehörten bei diesem Konzert auch die Lieder Nothin' to Lose und She, die während der restlichen Tournee jedoch nicht wieder gespielt wurden.

In der Zeit bis zum 2. Januar 1999 trat die Band bei weiteren 32 Konzerten in den Vereinigten Staaten auf. Das Konzert vom 12. Dezember 1998 in Terre Haute, dem Gründungsort des Fanclubs Kiss Army, wurde aufgezeichnet und Teile davon für die "Tour Edition" von Psycho Circus verwendet, die am 22. Februar 1999 in Europa veröffentlicht wurde. Neben der regulären CD enthielt diese Ausgabe des Albums eine EP mit sechs Live-Titeln. In Omaha ließ Paul Stanley am 16. Dezember 1998 einen Siebenjährigen von Sicherheitskräften aus der Menge holen, nachdem dieser einen Ellbogenstoß ins Gesicht bekommen hatte. Der Junge durfte den Rest der Konzertes von der Bühnenseite aus verfolgen und traf anschließend die Gruppenmitglieder.

Die Tournee wurde nach dem Konzert am 2. Januar 1999 in Nashville für knapp vier Wochen unterbrochen, bevor die Gruppe in Helsingfors das erste Konzert ihrer Europa-Tournee absolvierte.

Europa-Tournee

Die Europa-Tournee begann am 26. Februar in Finnland. Da sich Paul Stanley einer Knieoperation hatte unterziehen müssen, trug er für den Rest der gesamten Tournee eine orthopädische Schiene an seinem linken Bein. Die Konzertreise führte die Gruppe über Oslo, Stockholm (2 Termine) und Göteborg (2 Termine), die allesamt ausverkauft waren, nach Deutschland. Beim Konzert am 7. März 1999 in Berlin begann Paul Stanley, die erste Strophe des Deutschlandliedes ("Deutschland, Deutschland, über alles...") zu singen, wurde aber umgehend von Gene Simmons unterbrochen, dem das Ansehen der ersten Strophe in der öffentlichen Meinung scheinbar bekannt war. Stanley war offenbar der irrigen Annahme, es handele sich bei dem Text um die Deutsche Nationalhymne. Er wurde anschließend von Teilen der Zuschauer ausgepfiffen und -gebuht.

In Bremen kam es am 12. März zu einem weiteren Zwischenfall, nachdem das Bauordnungsamt angeblich die Verwendung jeglicher pyrotechnischer Gegenstände untersagt hatte. Paul Stanley erklärte den Zuschauern mithilfe eines Übersetzers diesen Umstand, erwähnte aber auch, dass die Band alles mitgebracht habe, was zu einem Kiss-Konzert gehöre, also "Rauch, Feuer und Bomben". Man könne alles stoppen und aufhalten, aber Kiss könne man "niemals stoppen" ("You can never stop Kiss!"). Das Konzert verlief anschließend ohne jegliche Effekte, doch nach dem letzten Lied der Zugabe, Black Diamond, wurde von den Roadies der Band die gesamte installierte Pyrotechnik auf einmal gezündet. Jahre später gaben an der Bremer Veranstaltung beteiligte Techniker zu Protokoll, dass gar nicht alle Effekte untersagt worden waren, sondern nur ein einziger. Von einem heroischen Auflehnen gegen Verbote kann also nicht die Rede sein. Weshalb die Produktion zunächst auf die gesamte Pyrotechnik verzichtete, ließ sich nicht erklären. Ähnliches ereignete sich in Dortmund.

Die für Anfang April 1999 geplante Reise nach Russland fiel aus (siehe hier); stattdessen begab sich die Gruppe zunächst zurück in die USA.

Südamerika-Tournee
Am 10. April 1999 begann die Südamerika-Tournee vor 35.000 Zuschauern in Buenos Aires. Ursprünglich sollte dieses Konzert im Estadio José Amalfitani stattfinden, es wurde jedoch am 4. März 1999 ins Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti verlegt, als klar wurde, das der Konzerttermin mit einem Fußballspiel im Estadio José Amalfitani kollidierte. Dieses Konzert wurde am 1. Mai 1999 im argentinischen Fernsehen gezeigt. Die Termine in Santiago de Chile (13. April) und Montevideo (15. April) wurden abgesagt, am 15. April stand die Gruppe stattdessen in Porto Alegre in Brasilien auf der Bühne. Weitere Stationen der Tournee waren São Paulo, San Juan (Puerto Rico) und Ciudad de México. Hier fand das letzte Konzert der regulären Tournee statt. Im Anschluss an die Tournee übernahm Paul Stanley seine Aufgabe als Hauptdarsteller im Musical Das Phantom der Oper in Toronto.

Einzelkonzerte
Am 9. August 1999 spielte die Gruppe aus Anlass der Premiere des Films Detroit Rock City ein Konzert auf dem Parkplatz der University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Zu dieser Veranstaltung hatten nur eingeladene Gäste Zutritt. Ein TV-Special zu diesem Event wurde am 11. August von VH1 im US-Fernsehen gezeigt.

Am 31. Dezember trat die Gruppe in Vancouver zusammen mit den Bands Big Wreck, Lit und Nickelback auf und präsentierte noch einmal die Psycho Circus-Show. Der endgültig letzte Auftritt der Tournee fand am 3. Januar 2000 in Anchorage statt.

Setlist
Zur Setliste gehörten insgesamt 22 Songs, die sowohl von Psycho Circus als auch von älteren Alben stammten: Psycho Circus, Shout it out Loud, Deuce, Do you Love Me, Firehouse, Shock Me, Calling Dr. Love, Let Me go, Rock 'n Roll, Into the Void, King of the Night Time World, God of Thunder, Within, Cold Gin, Love Gun, 100.000 Years, Rock and Roll All Nite, Beth, Detroit Rock City und Black Diamond waren bei allen Konzerten Bestandteil der Titelauswahl. She und Nothin to Lose entfielen nach der Premiere. I Was Made for Lovin' You wurde bei allen Konzerten in Europa gespielt, in den USA nur sporadisch. Bei zwei Konzerten in Südamerika spielte die Band Teile von La Bamba und Guantanamera. Beim Konzert in Vancouver, das am 31. Dezember 1999 stattfand, spielte die Gruppe um Mitternacht das Lied 2.000 Man, die Coverversion eines Titels der Gruppe Rolling Stones.

Literatur
 Curt Gooch, Jeff Suhs: Kiss Alive Forever – A Complete Touring History; Billboard Books 2002, erste Auflage; ISBN 0-8230-8322-5
 Julian Gill: The Kiss Album Focus – Hell or High Water, 1983–1996; 4. Auflage, KissFaq.com 2005; ISBN 978-0-9822537-0-0

Weblinks
 Infos zur Tournee auf kissfaq.com

Belege

Kiss (Band)
Musiktournee 1999

Psycho Circus-Tour


فريد عبد الحميد عبد الغني، كاتب وسيناريست مصري، من مواليد العام 1960م. هو عضو سابق بحزب الوفد، وزعيم حزب الاستقلال المصري الجديد. وتوفي 8 يناير 2017.

العمل الفني
عمل كمساعد مخرج مسرح في العديد من الروايات.

الإخراج
قام بإخراج العديد من الروايات منها:
 الملك يموت مرتين بمشاركة الفنان نور الشريف عام 1996 علي مسرح الهناجر.

الروايات المسرحية
له أكثر من خمسة عشر رواية مسرحية منها:
 الهروب.
 دماء علي البلاط الملكي.
 الحريق.
 السلطان وجلالته.
 الأراجوزات.
 أبقي قابلني لو فهمت.
 مدرسة بنات.

الأعمال التلفزيوينية
له في مجال التليفزيون العديد من الأعمال منها:
 (أفتح قلبك)
 (الساعات الحرجة)
(الست عيشة)
(مقام المالطي)
(هي عندما تحب)
 (الغرباء)
(الجريمة الغامضة)

المسلسلات
 مسلسل (سات كوم واحد)
 (ياسين في مستشفي المجانين): وهو مسلسل ساخر من المجتمع العربي بطولة النجم الكوميدي الكبير محمد نجم
 مسلسل القناص
 مسلسل الرهينة

في السينما
في مجال السينما له خمسة أفلام هي:
 (الأجير)
(ليلة الرعب)
 (أرواح شريرة)
 (الملعون)
 (حاجة تخنق)

مشاكله مع الرقابة
تعرضت بعض مسرحياتة لرفض الرقابة مثل مسرحية جوليت ومحمود التي رفضتها الرقابة برغم موافقة الكتدرائية عليها موافقة صريحة.
كذلك واحه مشاكلا مع الرقابة في فيلم (وطني في الجامعة العربية) وهو فيلم سياسي تم تصنيفة رقابيا بأنه معادي للسامية.

ترجمة أعماله
له العديد من المترجمات للغة البولندية واللغة الفرنسية واللغة الفارسية.

تقديم البرامج
رغم تجاوزه الخامسة والأربعين من عمره، اختارته إحدى الفضائيات لتقديم برنامج رومانسي باسم أفتح قلبك ثم بدأت العديد من العروض لتقديم بعض البرامج ليتحول إلي كاتب ومقدم برامج.

المراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
روائيون مصريون
مواليد 1960

فريد عبد الحميد


Francisco de Montejo (;  1479 –  1553) was a Spanish conquistador in Mexico and Central America.

Early years
Francisco de Montejo was born about 1473 to a family of lesser Spanish nobility in Salamanca, Spain. He never documented his parentage during his lifetime but his father was probably Juan de Montejo. His mother is unknown but her surname may have been Téllez. He had a brother, Juan, who served with him in the New World and a sister, Maria, whose son Francisco de Montejo would become an important conquistador in Yucatán.

In 1513, Montejo joined an expedition being organized in Seville under the leadership of Pedrarias Davila who had received a royal appointment to govern Castilla de Oro, a new Spanish colony in Central America. Montejo was sent on ahead to Santo Domingo to recruit additional men for the colony. Later, Pedrarius sent him on an unsuccessful expedition to the region that would later become Nueva Granada.

Montejo became disillusioned with opportunities under Pedrarius and left for Cuba where he participated under Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar in the conquest of Cuba. The conquest was almost complete when Montejo arrived but he gained the favor of Velázquez and was rewarded with encomiendas and extensive grants of land.

In 1518, when Francisco Hernández de Córdoba reported his discovery of new lands in the west, Montejo joined Juan de Grijalva's expedition to explore the coast of Yucatán. He invested his own money to help outfit the small fleet and was designated captain of one of the four ships. When they reached the Mexican coastline, Montejo became the first Spaniard to step ashore in the Aztec Empire and establish friendly relations with the Indians he encountered.

On his return to Cuba, Montejo joined the Hernán Cortés expedition in an attempt to seize control of the newly-discovered lands. He became one of Cortés's most important lieutenants, serving as captain of one ship and its company of soldiers. He fought in the bloody campaign in Tobasco and was then sent north with two small ships to find a suitable site for a permanent town. The site he identified became Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz and Montejo was appointed one of its first alcaldes (chief town administrators). Throughout this early phase of the conquest, Cortés showed high regard for Montejo.

In July 1519, Montejo was sent to the Spanish Court to provide news of the conquest and defend Cortés's authority against claims by Velázquez. He also presented the emperor with a rich treasure of gold, silver and jewels that had already been seized in New Spain Montejo successfully represented Cortés in Castile until 1522 when he returned to the new City of Mexico, established on the ruins of the old Aztec capital. Cortés rewarded him handsomely with the assignment of encomiendas, notably the rich and populous town of Azcapotzalco.

By this time, Montejo was a wealthy and prestigious conquistador. In addition to his holdings in New Spain, he held encomiendas in Cuba and properties in Salamanca, Spain. For a couple years Montejo appeared ready to settle in New Spain. He built a luxurious home in Mexico City and developed his haciendas and mines. However, in 1524 he was again sent to Spain to defend Cortés against charges that he had become too powerful and independent of the Crown's best interests. Montejo was successful in his advocacy and also won special favor at Court for tact and obvious talents. In 1525 in Seville Montejo married Beatriz de Herrera, the wealthy widow of conquistador Alonso Esquivel. In 1526 he was awarded his own coat of arms.

Yucatán
After settling affairs for Cortés, Montejo began to search for his next opportunity. The conquest by Cortés had set the standard for success and other ambitious conquistadors wanted to emulate him. Montejo thought that Yucatán provided such an opportunity. The coastline was dotted with towns and the interior was rumored to contain wealthy civilizations and spectacular cities.

In 1526 Montejo traveled to Grenada to petition the Spanish king, Charles V, for permission to conquer and colonize Yucatán. His request was supported by Pánfilo de Narváez, another veteran conquistador. Montejo argued persuasively that Yucatán would serve as a center of trade for the region and enrich the Crown. His formal petition was submitted on November 19, 1526 and quickly approved by Charles and the Council of the Indies on December 8.

Montejo was appointed Adelantado of Yucatán, governor and captain general of the new province, and authorized to conquer, settle, and govern at his own expense. His titles and offices were to be held for life. The Crown would not bear any expenses except to pay him a salary of 250,000 maravedis for the offices of governor and captain general. However, other valuable rights, privileges, and exemptions were granted. His contract also stipulated that the principal objective of the Crown was to bring the indigenous peoples of the New World into the Catholic Church. The appropriate treatment of the Indians was carefully spelled out and Montejo was warned to  adhere to the spirit and letter of these instructions.

Montejo returned to Seville to organize his expedition. His contract stipulated that the conquest must begin within one year (by December 8, 1527) so he had to move quickly. He raised 28,000 castellanos, a significant amount of money at the time, acquired and outfitted four ships and recruited 250 men in addition the crews for the ships. Alonso Dávila was named his principal lieutenant. Careful to heed royal instructions, three clergymen were included to address the religious needs of the conquerors and the conquered. Montejo and his fleet set sail from Seville towards the end of June, 1526.

The crossing was uneventful and the fleet stopped first at Hispaniola where supplies were purchased, additional men were recruited and enough horses were procured to bring their small cavalry up to fifty strong. They soon set off again and reached Cozumel in late September. From there Montejo crossed the channel to the mainland and established their first town, Salamanca, named after Montejo's hometown. The site was poorly chosen; the climate was hot and humid and freshwater was scarce. At first the local natives were willing to provide food but Spanish demands quickly turned their attitude from cooperation to resentment and outright hostility. Oviedo later reported that "all [the Spaniards] fell ill and many died."

He returned to Yucatán in 1528, and attempted to conquer it from its east coast at Tulum and Chetumal, but was driven back by fierce resistance from the Maya living along this coast. In 1530, he decided to try conquering Yucatán from the west, and began by pacifying what is today the modern Mexican state of Tabasco. He continued this attempted conquest of western Yucatán from 1531 until 1535, when his forces were driven from Yucatán despite some prior successes.

Governor of Honduras, Return to Yucatán, and death
In 1533, Montejo received a royal decree giving him permission to conquer Puerto Caballos and Naco in Honduras. This put him in conflict with Pedro de Alvarado, who had received a similar decree in 1532 and later declared in 1536 that he had conquered and pacified the province of Honduras.  Alvarado continued to serve as the Governor of Honduras until 1540, although he was recalled to Spain in 1537. In 1540, the Spanish King awarded the Governorship of Honduras to Montejo, and he traveled to Gracias a Dios to install an administration loyal to him.

It would fall to Montejo's eponymous son, nicknamed "El Mozo" (born 1508, died 1565), to conquer Yucatán.  He founded the city of San Francisco de Campeche in 1540, and Mérida in 1542. In 1546, the elder Montejo assumed the title of Governor and Captain General of Yucatán.  However, by 1550, complaints about Montejo caused him to be recalled to Spain, where he died in 1553.

Montejo was survived by his son, "El Mozo," and a daughter, Catalina Montejo y Herrera.

References

Further reading

Spanish conquistadors
Explorers of Mexico
Spanish explorers of North America
People from New Spain
1470s births
1550s deaths
Year of birth uncertain
Year of death uncertain
History of the Aztecs
Colonial Mexico
Governors of Honduras
People from Salamanca
Mérida, Yucatán
Veracruz (city)
16th-century Mexican people
16th-century Spanish people
16th-century explorers

Francisco de Montejo