LaSalle was an American brand of luxury automobiles manufactured and marketed, as a separate brand, by General Motors' Cadillac division from 1927 through 1940. Alfred P. Sloan, GM's Chairman of the Board, developed the concept for four new GM marques - LaSalle, Marquette, Viking and Pontiac - paired with already established brands to fill price gaps he perceived in the General Motors product portfolio. Sloan created LaSalle as a companion marque for Cadillac. LaSalle automobiles were manufactured by Cadillac, but were priced lower than Cadillac-branded automobiles, were shorter, and were marketed as the second-most prestigious marque in the General Motors portfolio. LaSalles were titled as LaSalles, and not as Cadillacs. Like Cadillac — named after Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac — the LaSalle brand name was based on that of another French explorer, René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle.

General Motors companion marque strategy

The LaSalle had its beginnings when General Motors' CEO Alfred P. Sloan noticed that his carefully crafted market segmentation program was beginning to develop price gaps in which General Motors had no products to sell. In an era when automotive brands were somewhat restricted to building a specific car per model year, Sloan surmised that the best way to bridge the gaps was to develop "companion" marques that could be sold through the current sales network.

As originally developed by Sloan, General Motors' market-segmentation strategy placed each of the company's individual automobile marques into specific price ranges, called the "General Motors companion make program". The Chevrolet was designated as the entry-level product. Next, (in ascending order), came the Pontiac, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Viking, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, and Cadillac. By the 1920s, certain General Motors products began to shift out of the plan as the products improved and engine advances were made.

Under the companion marque strategy, the gap between the Chevrolet and the Oakland would be filled by a new marque named Pontiac, a quality six-cylinder car designed to sell for the price of a four-cylinder. The wide gap between Oldsmobile and Buick would be filled by two companion marques: Oldsmobile was assigned the up-market V8 engine Viking and Buick was assigned the more compact six-cylinder Marquette. Cadillac, which had seen its base prices soar in the heady 1920s, was assigned the LaSalle as a companion marque to fill the gap that existed between it and Buick.

Design strategy

What emerged as the LaSalle in 1927 was introduced on the GM C platform with the Cadillac V8. The 1927 LaSalle was designed by Harley Earl, who had a 30-year career at General Motors, eventually gaining control of all design and styling at General Motors.

Prior to the 1927 LaSalle, automobile design essentially followed a set pattern, with design changes driven principally by engineering needs. For example, the Ford Model T evolved only slightly over its production run; A 1927 Model T was almost identical to a 1910 Model T, while GM made yearly appearance and model name changes across all brands starting in 1908.

Earl, who had been hired by Cadillac's General Manager, Lawrence P. Fisher, conceived the LaSalle not as a junior Cadillac, but as something more agile and stylish. Influenced by the rakish Hispano-Suiza roadsters of the time, Earl's LaSalle emerged as a shorter, yet elegant, counterpoint to Cadillac's larger cars, unlike anything else built by an American automotive manufacturer.

1927–1933

Built by Cadillac to its high standards but at a dedicated factory at Wyoming Road Assembly, the LaSalle soon emerged as a trend-setting automobile. Earl was then placed in charge of overseeing the design of all of General Motors' vehicles. Earl's design even included a nod to the inspirational Hispano-Suiza H6, with the marque's circled trademark "LaS" cast into the horizontal tie bar between the front lights.

There were two wheelbase choices where Fisher offered eight selections while Fleetwood Metal Body offered four coachwork choices on the shorter  while only Fisher offered an additional three coachwork choices on the longer . For 1927, the most exclusive Fleetwood body was the Transformable Town Cabriolet at US$4,700 ($ in  dollars ). The LaSalles of this era were equipped with Cadillac's "Ninety Degree V-8", making the car fast, while its smaller size made it sportier and more agile.

On June 20, 1927, a LaSalle driven by Willard Rader, along with Gus Bell, on the track at the Milford Proving Grounds, achieved , averaging , with only seven minutes given over to refueling and tire changes. In comparison, the average speed at that year's Indianapolis 500 was . The test at Milford would have continued, but a problem in the oil system drew the test to an early close.

The Series 303 continued for 1928, and as LaSalle sales began to progress, engineering advancements, appearance changes and optional equipment choices continued. Shock absorbers were now sourced from Lovejoy hydraulic units and the clutch was now upgraded to twin discs. The list of available coachwork choices from Fisher expanded to eleven selections on the 125" wheelbase and six choices on the 134", while Fleetwood now provided two choices on the 125" and only one choice on the 134", that being the Transformable Town Cabriolet at US$4,900 ($ in  dollars ).

The first engine upgrade to the LaSalle was introduced in 1929 with the Series 328, which had slight differences to the Cadillac V8 which was also upgraded. The Victoria and business coupe were replaced with the Landau Cabriolet from Fisher while Fleetwood choices were all cabriolet coupes or sedans. Both wheelbase choices were both available for Fisher and Fleetwood coachwork selections. September 1929 is when Cadillac introduced its all-new 1930 Series 353, one month before the Cadillac V-12 and the Wall Street Crash of 1929

The ultra-luxury Cadillac V-16 made its grand introduction January 1930, and the LaSalle received another engine upgrade introduced in the LaSalle Series 340. Fisher body selections were reduced to seven closed while Fleetwood choices expanded to six. The only wheelbase used was 134" and a radio was first introduced as a optional item for US$175 ($ in  dollars ) and all LaSalle's were prewired with an antenna imbedded in the roof. Wheels were available in hickory artillery style, wire wheels or solid pressed steel discs. The engine displacement of the 1930 LaSalle and the 1928-1929 Cadillac Series 341 were essentially identical so the LaSalle was labeled as Series 340 while the 1930 Cadillac V8 was upgraded to Series 353. In an attempt to further add exclusivity, Fleetwood convertible coachwork selections were further distinguished by the descriptions "Fleetcliffe", "Fleetlands", "Fleetway" and "Fleetwind" which didn't continue for 1931. The next vehicle choice offered by GM was the all-new Buick Series 50 coupe or sedan with a straight-eight engine with a similar appearance and a Fisher Body for US$1,540 ($ in  dollars ) while a LaSalle Series 340 sedan was listed at US$2,565 ($ in  dollars ).

The 1931 LaSalle's engine was again upgraded and the Series 345-A appeared with the same appearance, engineering and optional equipment changes. Fisher and Fleetwood coachwork choices were again changed based on popularity, and additional optional equipment was added retaining the 134" wheelbase used the previous year. The Cadillac Heron or Goddess hood ornament made the options list for US$20 ($ in  dollars ) while the latest fashion accessory called a radiator rock screen could be installed for US$33 ($ in  dollars ).

From the mid-1910s, a V8 engine was regarded as a luxury expectation, while other manufacturers remained with straight-8 engines, but in 1932 the Ford V8 was introduced with a standard equipment V8 displacing . Body style selections and a wide arrange of Duco automotive lacquer paint color selections, introduced by DuPont, was beginning to become commonplace. The 1932 LaSalle Series 345-B and 1933 Series 345-C followed the same pattern of appearance, engineering upgrades and ever growing options list.

1934–1938

Beginning with the 1934 model year, a significant portion of the LaSalle, now called the Series 50 Model 350, was more closely related to the Oldsmobile L-Series, Buick Series 40 and Buick Series 50 while sharing an appearance with the senior Cadillac Series 355s.  This was marked by a shift to the Oldsmobile- and Buick-based B platform. Again, Earl's work with the LaSalle resulted in a graceful vehicle, led by an elegantly thin grille that now concealed the previously exposed radiator, which was shared with Cadillac and Pontiac for that year. Earl's other contribution was the modern, airplane-styled, semi-shielded portholes along the side of the hood. All bodies were now made by Fleetwood. 1933 was the first year all GM vehicles were installed with optional vent windows which were initially called "No Draft Individually Controlled Ventilation" later renamed "Ventiplanes" which the patent application was filed on Nov. 28, 1932. It was assigned to the Ternstedt Manufacturing Company, a GM subsidiary that manufactured components for Fisher Body and they were introduced on the Series 50 in 1934.

The Series 50 was also no longer available with a V8, which was a distinction shared with all Cadillacs, and now only available with an Oldsmobile sourced flathead inline-eight, while Buick continued to offer the more technologically advanced overhead valve straight-eight engine exclusive to Buick. The LaSalle was the first Cadillac to use hydraulic brakes sourced from Bendix and various components were sourced from within different GM Divisions in order to cut production costs. The Oldsmobile engine was not assembled by Oldsmobile then supplied to the LaSalle factory, instead the parts were sent to the LaSalle factory and assembled by Cadillac-trained LaSalle assembly teams to authentically declare it was manufactured by Cadillac engineers. The LaSalle sales department further invited clients to witness the cars being manufactured and listed the different companies that sourced various items that were used to manufacture the 1934 LaSalle.

This LaSalle Series 50 Model 350 listed at US$1,550 ($ in  dollars ) for a choice of coupes, sedans or convertibles and was now priced US$1,000 ($ in  dollars ) below the least expensive Cadillac. Its mission was not to fill a price gap, but to keep the luxury-car division out of the red. But as the economy began to recover, the LaSalle did not, at least not commensurate with the economy. Sales were 7,195 in 1934, 8,651 in 1935 and 13,004 in 1936 while Buick appeared to be more attractive yet frugal.

To further emphasize that the 1935 LaSalle was improved from the previous model, the name was, again, changed to Series 35-50, dropping the "model" designation, while the vehicle was largely the same with the usual appearance, options list changes, and mechanical advancements. Meanwhile, the Packard One-Twenty had been introduced in 1935 and was very successful. For 1936 the LaSalle was renamed the Series 36-50 and had additional competition from the Lincoln-Zephyr, introduced in 1936. The 1937 LaSalle was called the Series 37-50, a naming convention that would continue with the last LaSalle Series 40-50 and 40-52.

For 1937, Cadillac made the LaSalle its own again, giving it the designation Series 37-50 and the  monobloc V8 of the Series 60, new styling, a lower price range, and a heavy promotion emphasizing that the car was completely Cadillac-built. It was too late. Model year sales of 32,000 LaSalles was a great improvement, but it remained far behind the Packard.

A 1934 LaSalle Series 50 Model 350 was chosen as the Pace Car for the Indianapolis 500, and a 1937 LaSalle Series 37-50 convertible also served as an Indy 500 Pace Car.

1939–1941

In its final years, the LaSalle Series 39-50 was once again more Cadillac-like in its appearance and details, and was essentially identical to the Cadillac Series 61. The narrow radiator grille opening was retained and was flanked by additional side grille work which aided in heat dissipation from the engine. Headlights, which had moved down and been secured to the body between the grille and the fender, were again attached to the radiator shell. LaSalle also added a sunroof, marketed as the "Sunshine Turret Top". Sales climbed from 15,501 in 1938 to 23,028 in 1939.

The final 1940 LaSalles were introduced in October 1939 with a full array of semi-custom body styles, as it had in its first year, including a convertible sedan. Earl oversaw this redesign. The LaSalle emerged with a smooth-flowing design, its thin radiator flanked by a series of thin chrome slots. In its final year, sales of the LaSalle reached the second-highest level ever at 24,133. In addition to the Series 40-50, there was also the lower, wider Series 40-52 Special using General Motors' new "Torpedo"-style body.

1941
By the time the decision was made to drop the LaSalle, at least three wood-and-metal mockups had been made for potential 1941 LaSalle models. One was based on the notchback GM C platform, which ended up being shared by the Cadillac Series 62, the Buick Roadmaster and Super, the Oldsmobile 90, and the Pontiac Custom Torpedo. A second was based on the fastback GM B platform, which was eventually shared by the Cadillac Series 61, the Buick Century and Special, the Oldsmobile 70, and the Pontiac Streamliner Torpedo. A third was a modified notchback design, derived from the fastback B-body, but described as "A-body-like", that was finally used by the Cadillac Series 63. Any or all of these could have ended up being part of the next LaSalle line. However, it is widely believed that of the three, the third design was most likely to have been a LaSalle, with that platform being assigned exclusively to LaSalle, and that the second design, whose platform was shared with the Series 61, was the next-most-likely. In 1941, sales of the Cadillac Series 61 and 63 were 29,258 and 5,030, respectively.

In retrospect, LaSalle sales initially had exceeded Cadillac's since 1933, but since its introduction in 1935, the medium priced Packard One-Twenty had consistently outsold the LaSalle by an average of 72 percent over the six-year period 1935-40 inclusively. It was decided to fold the LaSalle into the more prestigious Cadillac marque. LaSalle did not have the time to develop a prestigious name before the onset of the Great Depression and did not have the opportunity afterward. The Great Depression, combined with LaSalle's stalling sales numbers, caused Cadillac to rethink its companion make. Both Buick and Oldsmobile had eliminated the Marquette and the Viking in 1930, their second model year. Cadillac also saw sales of its cars losing ground, as confirmed Cadillac buyers tried to trim pennies by buying the less expensive LaSalle. LaSalle sales also were falling, from a high of 22,691 models in 1929 to a low of 3,290 in 1932.

While the introduction of LaSalle showed there was a market for a luxury car that was more conservative in appearance and price, GM already had Buick which filled that role very successfully. The attention given to LaSalle should have been invested in Buick as the mainstream luxury brand, and concentrated on Cadillac being more elusive and unique to protect the brand image. The introduction of the "Art and Colour Section" headed up by Harley Earl and a shared design theme in all GM products further complicated the brand distinction between the original brands in that the only differences among Oldsmobile, Buick, LaSalle, and Cadillac were exterior design appearance, wheelbase length, and colors, while charging extra due to marketing and pricing objectives.

LaSalle concept vehicles
In his 2013 article, "GM's Road Not Taken", Robert Cumberford reviewed the restoration of GM's 1955 Motorama La Salle II Roadster. Cumberford likened the Roadster to a harbinger of GM's future.  While the Roadster concept showcased important new technology, including an aluminum block, double overhead cam and fuel-injected V6, the technology went unrealized. GM instead emphasized styling over engineering advancement for the decades that followed and did not bring "an aluminum block, fuel-injected, overhead-cam V-6 into production until 2004".

Cumberford described the Roadster as "a signpost to the many wrong turns that led to the bankruptcy of what was in 1955 the largest business entity in the entire world (GM)".

There was nostalgia for the LaSalle name, and at various points in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, General Motors issued Motorama cars and proposed new consumer automobiles under the name. The year 1955 saw two Motorama concept cars, the LaSalle II four-door hardtop and the LaSalle II Roadster. Ordered to be destroyed, both the four-door hardtop and the roadster were shipped to the Warhoops Salvage Yard in Sterling Heights, Michigan; instead of being destroyed they were hidden in a corner of the facility.

In 1990, collector Joe Bortz purchased and restored the Roadster, which was featured in a 2013 article in Automobile (magazine), for which the author, Robert Cumberford won the 2013 Best Article of the Year Award from the Motor Press Guild for his Automobile magazine article, "GM's Road Not Taken" about the La Salle II Roadster.

The LaSalle name was raised again when Cadillac was developing a new small luxury sedan, but it was passed over in favor of Cadillac Seville. Early mockups of what was to become the 1963 Buick Riviera were badged "LaSalle II," as the Cadillac division was being considered for production of this successful personal luxury car.

LaSalle in media

For media outlets, when referring to the cars in visual or print media reporting the proper nomenclature is to identify them "LaSalle" as they are a separate marque, and are registered under the "Make" name of LaSalle on automobile titles.  While built by the Cadillac Division of General Motors, they are not a subordinate model under the Cadillac brand, thus, to call them "Cadillac LaSalle" is improper.

In the 1967 film The St. Valentine's Day Massacre, gangster Mike Heitler (played by Leo Gordon) buys a used LaSalle for $750 (equivalent to about $12,000 in 2021), to be disguised as a Chicago police car for use in the St. Valentine's Day Massacre.

In the 1970s television show All in the Family, Archie and Edith Bunker sing, "Gee, our old LaSalle ran great" in the program's opening theme song, "Those Were the Days." Many could not understand the now-obscure reference, and the opening was re-recorded in future seasons with the word 'LaSalle' enunciated a little more clearly.

In Season One, episode 21 of The Streets of San Francisco, Lew Ayres mentions the hubcap he finds as being from a 1934 LaSalle.

This is the car that the character Marcus Brody drives when he visits Indiana Jones in the film Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981).

See also
 De Soto, a similarly-sourced (named for another early Colonial-era explorer) automotive marque of the Chrysler Corporation (1928-1961)

Notes and references
7.  Those Were The Days theme song of tv show All in The Family   Lyrics include "gee our old LaSalle ran great."

External links

 Official Cadillac America Forum
 Cadillac & LaSalle Club

Cadillac
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Michigan
General Motors marques
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
Defunct brands
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Michigan
Vintage vehicles
1920s cars
1930s cars
1940s cars
Pre-war vehicles
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1927
Cars introduced in 1927
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1940

LaSalle (automobile)


ප්‍රාග් න්‍යෂ්ටික : සංවිධානය වූ එනම් න්‍යෂ්ටියක් හෝ වෙනත් පටලමය ඉන්ද්‍රියිකාවක් හෝ රහිත සරල ජිවින්ය . මොහුන් සාමාන්‍යයෙන් 0.5μm-5μm අතර අගයක් ගනී . බැක්ටීරියාවන් සහා සයනෝබැක්ටීරියාවන් මෙම කාණ්ඩයට අයත්ය . මෙම කාණ්ඩය ජීවානුහරණය නොකරන ලද , මිහිමත සෑම පරිසරයකම පාහේ ව්‍යාප්ත වන අතර විශාල විවිධත්වයක් සහා බහුලත්වයක් දරයි.

ප්‍රාග් න්‍යෂ්ටික


Kosmos 2440, ruski satelit sustava ranog upozorenja o raketnom napadu, iz programa Kosmos. Vrste je US-KMO (Oko-1 br. 7127)/Prognoz.

Lansiran je 26. lipnja 2008. godine u 23:59 s kozmodroma Bajkonura (Tjuratama) s mjesta 81/24. Lansiran je u geostacionarnu orbitu oko planeta Zemlje raketom nosačem Proton-K DM-2 8K72K. Orbita mu je 35804 km u perigeju i 35861 km u apogeju. Orbitne inklinacije je 2,29°. Spacetrackov kataloški broj je 33108. COSPARova oznaka je 2008-033-A. Zemlju obilazi u 1438,44 minute.

Iz misije je ostalo nekoliko dijelova od više stupnjeva rakete: blok DM-2 11S861 br. 111 ostao je u geostacionarnoj orbiti, a srednji prehodnik, 8S812 i SOZ vratili su se u atmosferu.

Izvori
А.Железняков. Энциклопедия "Космонавтика". Хроника освоения космоса. (rus.)
Heavens-above (engl.)
NASA (engl.)
Planet4589.org Tablični prikaz podataka o satelitima (engl.)
N2YO Satellite Database - Tehnical Details - Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions (engl.)
Gunter's Space Page US-KMO (71Kh6) (engl.)

Vanjske poveznice
N2YO.com Search Satellite Database (engl.)
Celes Trak SATCAT Format Documentation (engl.)
Kunstman  Satellites in Orbit (engl.)

Sateliti Kosmos

Kosmos 2440


An Philodendron romeroi in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Michael Howard Grayum. An Philodendron romeroi in nahilalakip ha genus nga Philodendron, ngan familia nga Araceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Colombia. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Philodendron

Philodendron romeroi


La pájara Peggy es la botarga de una pájara amarilla, con la personalidad de una adolescente de 15 años que siente admiración por un ídolo musical. Su amor platónico es César Costa, por eso es presidenta del club de fanes de Cesarín. También asistió a la escuelita de "La carabina de Ambrosio". Fue interpretada por el productor Humberto Navarro y después por el actor Moisés Suárez.

Origen
El Show Cómico, Mágico, Musical producido por Humberto Navarro contaba con libretos del escritor Manuel Rodríguez Ajenjo y la improvisación de los actores. Salió por primera vez al aire en 1978, transmitiéndose por el Canal 2 de Televisa.

En este nuevo proyecto, "La carabina de Ambrosio" actuaban Xavier López "Chabelo" y César Costa, quienes incluyeron a dos personajes que ya habían caracterizado en otro programa: "El padre Chispita y Guillo el monaguillo"; estos personajes provocaron una algunas protestas por parte de grupos femeninos conservadores debido a la irreverencia que proyectaba el personaje de Guillo como falta de respeto hacia la iglesia católica. Emilio Azcárraga Milmo, dueño de Televisa, ordenó a Xavier quitara el personaje, por lo que se quitó por algún tiempo.

Los actores concibieron nuevos personajes con los que trataron de compensar la desaparición de otros. El productor de "La carabina de Ambrosio" Humberto Navarro, en uno de sus viajes a Las Vegas  encontró y compró una máscara, (amarilla con una nariz de zanahoria), la llevó al programa y de la máscara se hizo el cuerpo y después se le dio una personalidad, surgiendo la famosa "Pájara Peggy", que es una concepción caricaturesca de lo que representaban los miles de fanáticas formando clubs de admiradoras en busca de sus ídolos musicales, en este caso el cantante César Costa. Incluyeron a la pájara en un sketch y pegó el personaje, pero por algún tiempo, no todos sabían que el que daba vida a ese personaje era el mismo productor, Humberto Navarro.
A principios de los 80, Humberto Navarro fue nombrado Vicepresidente de Producción en Televisa, por lo que tuvo que abandonar el personaje de la Pájara Peggy y se buscó un nuevo actor que continuara con el linaje de la Peggy, ese actor fue Moisés Suárez, quien también fuera el encargado de darle vida a otro personaje, el gato GC, mascota del Canal 5, de Televisa de 1986 a 1988.

De vez en cuando, todavía la Pájara Peggy asiste a las presentaciones de su gran amor, César Costa, y así mismo participa en varios programas de televisión.

Trayectoria

Programas de TV
 Al aire con Paola Rojas (2016) - Peggy (Cameo)
 Gente regia (2014-Presente) - Peggy / Conductora
 Televisa deportes (2014) - Peggy (Invitada especial)
 Que noche con las inmortales (2011) - Peggy / Entrevistadora (1 episodio)
 100 mexicanos dijeron (2010) - Peggy / Concursante (Episodio especial del día del niño, 30 de abril)
 Desde Gayola (2008) (Sketch: "Tesoreando con la tesorito") - Invitada
 Nuestra casa (2003-2006) - Peggy / Conductora
 Club 4TV (2002) - Peggy / Conductora
 La carabina de Ambrosio (1978-1981) - Peggy

Frases
 "Sí que sí"
 "Listos chicas y chicos del club de Peggy"
 "A la one, a la two, a la one two, three, tiki, ti, tiki, ti"
 "César de la vida y del amor"
 "Dame un beso y un abrazo"
 "Quiero toda la onda contigo César"

Porras
¡A la one, a la two, a la one two three, chiquitín, chiquitín (decía así mientras le hacía cosquillas a la persona que le decía la porra)… (le daban un garrotazo y decía la porra) La porra dice así:
 ¡Hermano se dice brother y sisters son hermanas, I love you, I love you, I love you, teacher Gualas!
 ¡Parque, liga, ligazo; parque, liga, ligazo; al profe le doy un abrazo!
 ¡Bateador, catcher, pitcher; bateador, catcher, pitcher; ¿Cómo te quiero mi teacher?!
¡Corneta, trompeta, pito; corneta, trompeta, pito; ¿Quién se echa a mi maestrito?

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 "La Carabina de Ambrosio" (1978), Televisa, en YouTube
 "La Carabina de Ambrosio – La Escuelita" (1981), Televisa, en YouTube
 YouTube La historia detrás del mito de "La Carabina de Ambrosio", TV Azteca, en YouTube
 "Qué noche con las inmortales – Bronco" (2011), México, en YouTube

Aves de ficción
Mexicanos ficticios

Pájara Peggy


"Tilbage til Klondike" (engelsk originaltitel "Back to the Klondike") er en Disney-historie af Carl Barks, der handler om Onkel Joakim.

Handling
I begyndelsen af historien synes Joakim von And at lide af hukommelsestab til det punkt, at han ikke engang kan genkende Anders. Anders trækker ham til en læge, og Onkel Joachim får nogle piller, der skulle hjælpe med at genoprette hans hukommelse. Da hans hukommelse vender tilbage, begynder Joakim pludselig at planlægge at vende tilbage til Klondike, hans ungdoms sted, hvor han tjente sin rigdom. Da han fortæller Anders og hans nevøer, der ledsager ham, har han efterladt en last af guld, begravet nær sin gamle hytte. Joakim begynder også at henvise til "Gyldne Gulda", en person af hans fortid.

Som Joakim synes at genoplive sin fortid, men føler sin alder, ankommer de til Dawson, hvor Joakim forklarer, hvordan han og Gulda mødtes. Joakim fortæller sine nevøer, hvordan Gulda stjal sit guld fra ham i fortiden, og hvordan han kidnappede hende og tvang hende til at arbejde for ham på hans krav indtil det tidspunkt, der i en flashbackscene viser Gulda råber af Joakim og græder for hendes ødelagte kjole.

Rejsen fortsætter, indtil de når sin gamle hytte og til deres overraskelse er det besat, og den nuværende beboer modstår modstandsdygtigt ethvert af deres forsøg på at nærme sig. Endelig lykkes nevøerne at overraske og afvæbne den gamle dame bag angrebet, Gulda selv. Som Joakim og Gulda mødes igen synes både en rivalisering og en attraktion for hinanden at genopstå. Men Joakim kræver en gammel gæld, som Gulda ikke kan betale. Hun giver sine sidste smykker til Joakim og forlader bare, tilsyneladende for at gå på fattiggården. Men Joakim kalder hende tilbage og udfordrer hende til en konkurrence. En konkurrence om hvem der kan finde guld først.

Gulda lykkes med at finde Joakims gamle guld, der nu er en formue værd. Efter mere end halvtreds år lykkedes det. Joakim forlader tilsyneladende besejret og foregiver at fordi han ikke havde taget sine piller, havde han glemt hvor guldet var. Men bag sin ryg afslører Anders for sine nevøer, at Joakim faktisk havde taget pillerne og praktisk taget tilbød guldet til Gulda. Ved udgangen indser hans nevøer, at Joakim er mere følelsesmæssig, end han gerne vil fremstå.

Rip Rap og Rup på eventyr
Denne historie blev senere genfortalt i en episode af DuckTales men der er nogle drastiske ændringer. Joakim lider ikke af hukommelsestab som i tegneserien, Anders blev fjernet og Fru Trippeby og Tulle blev tilsat.

Eksterne henvisninger
 Back to the Klondike på INDUCKS
 Back to the Klondike på Carl Barks guidebook

Anders And-universet
Anders And-tegneserier af Carl Barks

Tilbage til Klondike


Forchess is a four-player chess variant developed by T. K. Rogers, an American engineer. It uses one standard chessboard and two sets of standard pieces.

History and motivation
Forchess was developed around the year 1975. Its inventor T. K. Rogers wanted to create a pure strategy game with the social dynamic of card games like Bridge.  Rogers believed in the educational merits of chess and felt that making the game a more popular social activity would benefit society.

Rogers wanted the game to use only standard pieces and a standard board so that everything necessary to play would be readily available.  He also did not want to severely limit the number of pieces each player had.

In 1992, Rogers published the instruction set as a 64-page booklet Forchess: The Ultimate Social Game, designed to fit in a shirt pocket.  The booklet also contained strategies for playing the game and a new technique invented by Rogers for analyzing both chess and Forchess games.  He called it influence indicator.

In 1996, Rogers posted a free instruction set on the then newly founded Intuitor website.  He simultaneously began distributing thousands of free instruction brochures to schools and colleges.

Overview of the game

The game is played by four people in teams of two.  At the outset, each player controls an entire quadrant of the board with a full set of chess pieces (minus one pawn).  Partners occupy quadrants diagonally across from each other.  The diagram at right shows the initial layout of the Forchess board (K=King, Q=Queen, R=Rook, B=Bishop, N=Knight, and P=Pawn). Four squares are initially unoccupied.

All the pieces move and capture in the same manner as conventional chess, except the pawn, which moves diagonally and captures laterally.  A pawn may not move two squares at a time, and there is no en passant capture.  There are no checkmates and no stalemates: kings are captured like all other pieces.  When a player is in check and has no legal moves to escape check, he may make a "token move" every turn until his king is actually captured. When a player loses his king, his remaining pieces subsequently become the captor's.  The game ends when one team has lost both kings or chooses to concede.

Partners typically coordinate their moves as part of a single strategy.  Thus, communication of that strategy becomes a requirement of the game.  Clandestine forms of communication such as code words, furtive gestures, or secret notes are not allowed, except in special variants.  All strategizing between partners must be done openly in front of their opponents.  This rule lends Forchess much of its social character.

Cutthroat Forchess
Forchess has a variant called Cutthroat, in which there are no partners and only one player wins by defeating all three opponents.  Successful strategy in Cutthroat Forchess can differ greatly from "regular" Forchess, as fluid alliances may spark a game of psychological manipulation.  In this respect, Cutthroat shares strategy elements with the board game Risk.

References

External links

The official Forchess homepage
Forchess discussion forum

Chess variants
1975 in chess
Board games introduced in 1975

Forchess


Kick the can (also known as kick the block, guard the block, can can, 40 40, pom pom, tip the can, tin can copper, and can up can down), is an outdoor children's game related to tag, hide and seek, and capture the flag, played with as few as three to as many as several dozen players. The game is one of skill, strategy, stealth, and stamina.

The game is played with a kickable object, usually a discarded empty can, sometimes with rocks inserted for noise. The game was a popular pick-up game during difficult economic times. The origin is unknown, but during the Great Depression in the 1930s the game was a popular pastime because it did not require a playing field, nor any designated equipment other than a discarded can or other kickable object.

Basic play
One person or a team of people is designated as "it" and a can or similar object—paint can or metal pail or bucket—is placed in an open space: the middle of a backyard, a green, a cove or cul-de-sac, parking lot or street. The other players run off and hide while "it" covers their eyes and counts to a previously decided number. Alternatively, the start of the game begins when a designated kicker literally "kicks the can" as far as possible. The person who is "it" must return the can to its starting place before "it" can continue play, thus giving the other players time to escape. "It" then tries to find and tag each of the players. Any player who is tagged (caught and touched) is sent to the holding pen (jail) which is simply a designated area for all the captured players to congregate, generally in plain sight of the can. Any player who has not been caught can "kick the can" or "tip the can." If they can do this without being caught, then all of the captured players are set free. Alternatively, one of the captured players is set free each time the can is tipped—the first person caught is the first to be set free, the second person caught is the second to be set free, etc. until the person tipping the can is tagged or all the captured players are freed. If "it" catches all of the players they win that round and generally a new "it" is designated for the next round.  The new "it" is usually the person who has been held the longest by the time round ends.

Variations
In some variations "it" also means the tagger in the game of Tag merely has to call out a player's name and hiding place rather than tagging them by touch. In some variations, "it" must jump over the can after calling the player's name and location.

In another variation, when "it" sees or finds a person hiding, "it" must run back to the can and place one foot on it while saying the found person is in the can (e.g. "Tim is in the can") before the found person is able to reach the can and tip it. Thus, once a person is found or seen by "it", the game becomes a race to the can between the found person and "it". In order for someone to be caught and put in "jail", "it" must have beat the found person to the can and pronounced that person "in the can". "It" also could say "1–2–3 on.." whoever they found, while touching the can. [This variant is also called "Pan Hoop" in Trinidad & Tobago]

As another variation, more than one can is used. The cans or cartons are scattered at the beginning of the game when everyone runs to hide. "It" must gather them and stack them so they don't fall over. Then, when "it" spots someone hiding, "it" must run back and touch the tower of cartons without knocking them down. If they fall, the "caught" hider can run away and hide again. If they remain standing, the hider goes to jail. While "it" is searching for others, someone not yet caught can sneak in and tip over the cartons, freeing those in jail.

In some cases, if the can is being tipped by one of the players that was hiding, instead of tagging the tipper to prevent the tipper from freeing any more captured players, the "it" must get in a tip at the can to prevent the other tipper from freeing any more captured players.

Another variation was to have two teams at either end of the road with an upright can in a chalk circle in the middle. In turn each team would roll a soft rubber or tennis ball and attempt to knock over the can.  If your team (Team A) managed to knock over the can they would then run off and to win the game they had to return to the can and stand it up using only their feet.  The opposing team (Team B) would try to stop them from standing the can up by throwing the ball at the Team A members. The ball holder from Team B had to stand in the same position and either pass to another team member or throw at an opponent .  If they managed to hit a person from Team A they had to freeze.  They could only be released if one of their own team went under their legs or when the can was eventually stood up.  During the active game Team A could not touch the ball.

Another variation (called kick the tin) or (can can) played in Northern Ireland & England, esp. Birmingham Shard End area. The aim was to start the game by one of the hiders being selected to kick the tin, the further the tin was kicked gave more time for players to hide. A favoured strategy was to kick it over a garden hedge making it harder to retrieve. The seeker had to retrieve the tin and count loudly so that the hiders knew they were ready to start searching. When the seeker saw a hider they would race each other back to the tin and the seeker had to knock the tin three times before the hider could kick it away and releasing themselves and others. Hiders would try to sneak closer to the tin so that when the seeker was far from it they would try to kick the tin to release hiders previously caught. If a seeker was unlucky they could be seeking all afternoon. This game was very popular in the 1970s and was played by kids from 5–18 years olds.

Cultural significance
Kick the can was very popular among kids during the Great Depression. The game is mentioned in Francisco Jiménez's book The Circuit: Stories from the Life of a Migrant Child. Play scholar Rodney Carlisle notes that: "As outdoor and unstructured play of children continues to dwindle, the game of Kick the Can is becoming less and less known to each generation... At one point in time, teenagers played Kick the Can with younger children, and the game and its variations were passed on from child to child. Past generations remember this game fondly, and it was enough of a cultural phenomenon that it was a central player in a 1962 episode of The Twilight Zone and was incorporated later in the 1983 film of the same name." It is included in the 2010 PBS documentary New York Street Games.

References

Children's street culture
Tag variants
Hide-and-seek variants
Outdoor games

Kick the can


Oscar for bedste tekniske effekter eller Academy Award for Best Engineering Effects var en filmpris som blev uddelt ved den første Oscaruddeling i 1929. Vinderen af prisen var Luftens helte hvor Roy Pomeroy modtog prisen, de andre to nominerede var ikke specifikke film med dermed 2 teknikere for deres generelle arbejde; Ralph Hammeras og Nugent Slaughter.

Henvisninger

Tekniske effekter

Oscar for bedste tekniske effekter


The Dornier Do 24 is a 1930s German three-engine flying boat designed by the Dornier Flugzeugwerke for maritime patrol and search and rescue. A total of 279 were built among several factories from 1937 to 1945.

Design and development

The Dornier Do 24 was designed to meet a Royal Netherlands Navy requirement for a replacement of the Dornier Wals being used in the Dutch East Indies, with the Netherlands government signing a contract for six Dornier Do 24s on 3 August 1936. Two more prototypes were built for the German navy to be evaluated against the Blohm & Voss BV 138.

The Do 24 was an all-metal parasol monoplane with a broad-beamed hull and stabilising sponsons. Twin tails were mounted on the upswept rear of the hull, while three wing-mounted tractor configuration engines powered the aircraft. Fuel was carried in tanks in the sponsons and the wing centre section. Up to  of bombs could be carried under the aircraft's wings, while defensive armament consisted of three gun turrets, one each in nose, dorsal and tail positions. In early aircraft the turrets were each fitted with a machine gun but later aircraft carried a 20 mm cannon in the dorsal turret.

Do 24 V3, the first of the Dutch X boats, as they would be called in Dutch service, took off from Lake Constance on 3 July 1937, with the second Dutch boat, Do 24 V4 following soon after. As the Dutch required that their flying boats use the same engines as the Martin 139 bombers in use in the Dutch East Indies, they were fitted with  Wright R-1820-F52 Cyclone radial engines. Test results were good, with the new flying boat proving capable of operating from extremely rough open seas and the Dutch placed an order for a further 12 Do 24s on 22 July 1937.  Do 24 V1, the first of the two aircraft for Germany, powered by three  Junkers Jumo 205C diesel engines, flew on 10 January 1938 but after evaluation, the two German boats were returned to Dornier for storage.

The Netherlands was enthusiastic and planned to purchase as many as 90. Of these, 30 were to be built by Dornier (with all but the first two prototypes assembled by Dornier's Swiss subsidiary based at Altenrhein). The remaining aircraft were to be built under licence in the Netherlands by Aviolanda at Papendrecht. Of these aircraft, all but one of the German and Swiss built aircraft and the first seven Aviolanda-built aircraft were to be Do 24K-1s, powered by the original R-1820-F52 engines, while the remaining aircraft were to be Do 24K-2s, with more powerful  R-1820-G102 engines and additional fuel.

With the German occupation, production was paused, however while the Luftwaffe Küstenfliegergruppen Maritime reconnaissance branch was uninterested in the partially completed aircraft as they had already chosen the Blohm und Voss Bv 138 for the role, the Dutch production line resumed, to provide aircraft for the otherwise poorly equipped Seenotdienst (Sea Emergency Service), which was still operating Heinkel He 59 biplanes. The 13 airframes on the Aviolanda assembly line were completed with Dutch-bought Wright Cyclone engines but later models used the BMW Bramo 323R-2. An additional 159 Do 24s were built in the Netherlands during the occupation, most under the designation Do 24T-1.

Another production line for the Do 24 was established in the CAMS factory at Sartrouville, France, during the German occupation. This line was operated by SNCAN and produced 48 Do 24s during the war and another 40 after the liberation of France, which served with the French Navy until 1952.

Operational history

Germany
The two prototypes were used during the invasion of Norway to transport troops to Narvik.

The aircraft captured and produced in the Netherlands were pressed into service with Seenotstaffeln and deployed in the Arctic, Baltic, North Sea, Bay of Biscay, Mediterranean, and Black Sea. They were also used as transports, notably for keeping contact with the troops left behind on the Aegean Islands and Crete, and for supporting the Kuban bridgehead in early 1943.

Netherlands
Thirty-seven Dutch- and German-built Do 24s had been sent to the East Indies by the time of the German occupation of the Netherlands in June 1940. Until the outbreak of war, these aircraft would have flown the tri-color roundel. Later, to avoid confusion with British or French roundels, Dutch aircraft flew a black-bordered orange triangle insignia.

A Dutch Dornier Do 24 is credited with sinking the Japanese destroyer Shinonome on December 17, 1941 while the ship was escorting an invasion fleet to Miri in British Borneo. After the Japanese invasion of the Netherlands East Indies, six surviving Do 24s were transferred to the Royal Australian Air Force in February 1942. They served in the RAAF through most of 1944 as transports in New Guinea.

Spain
In 1944, 12 Dutch-built Do 24s were delivered to Spain with the understanding that they would assist downed airmen of both sides. After the war, a few French-built Do 24s also found their way to Spain. Spanish Do 24s were operational at least until 1967, and possibly later. In 1971, one of the last flying Spanish Do 24s was returned to the Dornier facility on Lake Constance for permanent display.

Sweden
On 31 October 1944, a German Do 24 (CM+RY of Seenotgruppe 81) made a forced landing in neutral Sweden, was impounded and eventually bought, and remained in Swedish service until 1952.

Variants

Do 24 V1
Luftwaffe trials aircraft powered by three  Junkers Jumo 205C liquid-cooled diesel inline engines.
Do 24 V2
Luftwaffe trials aircraft similar to V1
Do 24 V3
Dutch trials aircraft with three  Wright R-1820-F52 Cyclone air-cooled radial engines. Later became the first Do 24K-1, and was the first Do 24 to fly. Assigned serial X-1.
Do 24 V4
Second K-1 for Dutch trials, Assigned serial X-2.
Do 24K-1
Swiss production by Dornier & Dutch license production aircraft, 36 built. The German civil registration D-AYWI was allocated for these for their ferry flights to Holland from Dornier's production facility in Switzerland.
Do 24K-2
Dutch licence production powered by three  Wright R-1820-G102 Cyclone engines. 1 example completed by Dornier while 13 incomplete airframes were captured by the Germans, and modified for air-sea rescue with additional hatches and a hoist as 24N-1s.
Do 24N-1
13 incomplete Dutch Do 24K-2s being built in Holland completed for the Luftwaffe for air-sea rescue, powered by three  Wright R-1820-G102 engines. As supplies of spares for the R-1820s ran out, surviving aircraft were re-engined with  BMW 132N radials.
Do 24T-1
French production, 48 built
Do 24T-1
Dutch production for the Luftwaffe powered by three  BMW Bramo 323R-2 Fafnir radial engines, 159 built (including T-2 and T-3).
Do 24T-2
as Do 24T-1 with minor changes to equipment and weapons.
Do 24T-3
as Do 24T-1 with minor changes to equipment and weapons.
Do 24 ATT
Post-war restoration/amphibian conversion with three Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A-45 turboprop engines, one converted.
Do 318
One Do 24T modified in 1944 with a boundary-layer control system.

Operators

 Royal Australian Air Force (six ex-MLD planes; one flew for the Netherlands Forces Intelligence Service while the remaining five served with the No. 41 Maritime Transport Squadron in Queensland)

 French Navy (Postwar)

 Luftwaffe

 Royal Netherlands Navy
 Netherlands Naval Aviation Service

 Royal Norwegian Air Force (Postwar)

 Polar Aviation

 Spanish Air Force

 Swedish Air Force

Surviving aircraft

Australia
 Unknown – Do 24 K-1 forward fuselage on static display at the Lake Boga Flying Boat Museum in Lake Boga, Victoria. It was previously used as a private boat in Echuca, Victoria.

France
 1101 – Do 24 T-3 forward fuselage on static display at the Musée de l'Hydraviation in Biscarrosse, Nouvelle-Aquitaine.

Germany
 5291/5345 – Do 24 T-3 on static display at the Flugwerft Schleißheim branch of the Deutsches Museum in Oberschleißheim, Bavaria. It was previously on display at the Dornier-Fairchild factory in Oberpfaffenhofen. This aircraft has the fuselage of Aviolanda-built WNr. 5291, mated with the original wing of the Do 24 that became the Do 24 ATT:
 Unknown – Do 24 T fuselage on display at the Technik Museum Speyer in Speyer, Rhineland-Palatinate.
 5345 – Do 24 ATT , an extensively modified ex-Spanish Do 24 T-3 fitted with a Dornier 228 type Advanced Technology Wing, re-engined with three PT6A-45B turboprops, and fitted with retractable undercarriage, converting it from a pure flying boat, into an amphibian. In February 2004, it began an around the world flight on behalf of UNICEF to raise money for children in the Philippines, piloted by Iren Dornier, Claudius Dornier's grandson.

Netherlands
 3387 – Do 24 T-3 on static display at the Nationaal Militair Museum in Soesterberg, Utrecht. It is painted in the livery of the Marine Luchtvaartdienst.

Spain
 2134 – Do 24 T-3 on static display at the Museo del Aire in Cuatro Vientos, Madrid.

Specifications (Do 24T-1)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Do 24ATT World Tour - An Iren Dornier Project

Do 024
1930s German patrol aircraft
Flying boats
Diesel-engined aircraft
Trimotors
World War II patrol aircraft of Germany
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1937

Dornier Do 24


Binscheid ist ein Ortsteil der Ortsgemeinde Üttfeld im Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm in Rheinland-Pfalz.

Geographische Lage
Der Ortsteil liegt im Süden des Gemeindegebiets oberhalb des Mannerbachs. Binscheid ist von umfangreichen landwirtschaftlichen Nutzflächen umgeben.

Zum Ortsteil gehören die Wohnplätze Angertsseifen, Flachsberg, In der Dell, Kockelberg, Roder, Steinkaul, Suckt und Vennhof.

Geschichte
Auf der Flur Alburg fand man Reste eines römischen Gebäudes mit Badeanlage.

Binscheid gehörte bis 1794 zur Herrschaft Dasburg, welche Teil des Herzogtums Luxemburg war. Im Jahr 1816 kam Binscheid zum neu gebildeten Kreis Prüm im preußischen Regierungsbezirk Trier und gehörte zur Bürgermeisterei Eschfeld.

Im Jahr 1971 wurde die ehemals selbständige Gemeinde Binscheid zu Üttfeld eingemeindet. Zu Binscheid gehören die Wohnplätze Angertsseifen, Flachsberg, In der Dell, Kockelberg, Roder, Steinkaul, Suckt und Vennhof.

Kultur und Sehenswürdigkeiten

Siehe auch: Liste der Kulturdenkmäler in Üttfeld

Pfarrkirche St. Nikolaus
Sehenswert ist in Binscheid vor allem die katholische Pfarrkirche St. Nikolaus. Diese wurde 1877/78 errichtet. Es handelt sich um einen nachbarocken Saalbau mit Giebeldachreiter und einigen neugotischen Motiven. Die Kirche wurde durch den Architekten Thüll aus Daleiden entworfen.

Ehemalige Schmiede mit Backhaus
In der Mitte des 18. Jahrhunderts errichtete man in Binscheid ein Gebäude, das als Schmiede sowie als Backhaus genutzt werden konnte. Von außen betrachtet, handelt es sich um einen schlichten Bau. Deutlich erkennbar ist die Rundung des Backofens in der Giebelwand. Diese mündet in einem Pultdach.

Christianisierter Menhir
In Verbindung mit der Pfarrkirche St. Nikolaus steht auch ein romanischer, grob gearbeiteter, Menhir. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen ehemaligen Taufstein, welcher aus der Zeit der Römer stammt. Der Geschichte nach wurden in ihm die ersten Christen der Region getauft.

Wegekreuze
Auf dem Gemeindegebiet befinden sich insgesamt sechs Wegekreuze unterschiedlicher Formen. Nennenswert ist vor allem ein Kreuzigungsbildstock innerhalb der Ortschaft. Es handelt sich um ein spätbarockes Kreuz aus dem Jahre 1757. Der Bildstock besteht aus einem quadratischen Sockel, einem mit Glockenblumen verzierten Schaft sowie einem Basisstein mit Totenschädel und Kruzifix.

Literatur
 Ernst Wackenroder: Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kreises Prüm. (= Paul Clemen (Hrsg.): Die Kunstdenkmäler der Rheinprovinz, Band 12/II. Abteilung). L. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1927 (Nachdruck Verlag der Akademischen Buchhandlung Interbook, Trier 1983, ISBN 3-88915-006-3), S. 344–347.

Weblinks

 Internetpräsenz der Ortsgemeinde Üttfeld

Einzelnachweise

Ehemalige Gemeinde (Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm)
Gemeindeauflösung 1971
Ort im Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm
Üttfeld

Binscheid


مدرسة الفنون والصنائع الإسلامية في مدينة طرابلس، ليبيا هي مدرسة متخصصة في الصناعات التقليدية والحرف اليدوية.

تأسست مدرسة الفنون والصنائع في طرابلس العام 1895، وتبلغ مساحة المدرسة 24000 م2، وتقع في شارع الفاتح من سبتمبر في وسط العاصمة الليبية. واستقبلت أول دفعة من الطلاب في العام 1901 حيث ضمت وقتها عدة صنائع وفنون منها النجارة نقش المعادن التطريز الطلاء صباغة الجلود ونقش المعادن وغيرها.
توقفت المدرسة عن العمل العام 1911 بسبب الغزو الإيطالي لليبيا إلا أنها عاودت نشاطها العام 1913 حتى الآن.

من بين مهام هذه المدرسة تعليم العلوم الأساسية كذلك التدريب على حرف ومهن بينها الصناعات التقليدية كتلك التي ترتكز على الشغل اليدوي إضافة إلى التدريب الحرف الحديثة التي يتطلبها سوق العمل كذلك حرف من قبيل صيانة الأدوات الموسيقية والساعات.

تقع المدرسة في شارع أول سبتمبر وهو أحد الشوارع الرئيسية لمدينة طرابلس ويبلغ طوله نحو 900م. وتبعد المدرسة نحو 300م عن الساحة الخضراء.

وأنشئت مدرسة الفنون والصنائع الإسلامية ضمن مجموعة من المدارس الصناعية التي شكلت أحد المعالم المتميزة في منظومة التعليم نهاية الحكم العثماني الثاني، وقد أسهم في تأسيسها المواطنون وأهل الخير بما جمعوه من تبرعات، وقد خصصت لها بلدية طرابلس أرضا مساحتها (24000 م2) وتقع في شارع أول سبتمبر مركز وسط المدينة التجاري.
في عهد  نامق باشا  شرع في بناء المدرسة سنة(1898 م  1315 هـ) ، وقد استغرق التنفيذ ثلاث سنوات  واستقبلت أول دفعة من طلابها سنة 1901م.
صمم المبنى على مساحة (5000 م2) أما باقي الأرض فتم تخصيصه كوقف تابع لمشروع المدرسة للاستفادة منها مستقبلاً إما بتطوير مرافق المدرسة أو في بناء مشاريع استثمارية تخص المدرسة لدعم ميزانيتها.

انظر أيضًا
 مدرسة الصنائع والفنون الجميلة (بيروت)

مصادر

التعليم في ليبيا
تأسيسات سنة 1895

مدرسة الفنون والصنائع الإسلامية


මනෝ චිකිත්සාව යනු මිනිසාගේ මානසික රෝග පිළිබදව අධ්‍යනය කෙරෙන, ඒවා වළක්වා ගැනීම හා ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීම සදහා උපයෝගි කර ගන්නා වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යා‍ෙව් සුවිශේෂි අංශයකි. මනෝ විද්‍යාවේ සායනික යොදාගැනීම් අවට ලෝකය හා මානසික රෝගීන් අතර ප්‍රතකාර කිරීමේදි පාලමක් බවට පත්ව ඇත. මෙහි වූ පර්යේෂණ හා සායනික යොදා ගැනීම් විෂයාන්තර වේ. මේ නිසා මනෝ විද්‍යාවේ පර්යේෂණ හා ප්‍රයෝගික යෙදීම් අතර විවිධ උප ක්ෂේත්‍ර පවතී. මනෝ විද්‍යාඥයින් මනෝ විද්‍යාවේ නවීනතම ඖෂධ, රෝග නීර්ණය ක්‍රම හා රෝග/ වර්ගී කරනයන් භාවිතයට ගන්නා වෛද්‍ය වරයා හා රෝගියා අතර ඇති සම්බන්ධතාවය ඉතා හොද විශේෂඥාණයක් ඇති වෛද්‍යවරැන්වේ.

බුද්ධ වර්‍ෂ පස්වන සියවසේ සිට පැවත එන මනෝ විද්‍යාව, මානසික රෝග අත්භූත බලවේගයක් නිසා හටගන්නා බවට ඇති වූ සංකල්පයත් සමග හටගත්තකි. එකල මෙකී මානසික රෝග සුව කිරීමේ වගකීම හා හැකියාව පැවරැනේ පුජක වරැන් වෙතය. මෑදභාගයේදී මානසික රෝගීන් සදහා රෝහල් ඉදි කරන ලද්දේ භාරකාර ආයතනයක් ලෙසටය. ඒවා විසින් මුලික ප්‍රතිකාර ක්‍රම ලබාදුනි. දහ අට වන සියවස වන විට මානසික රෝගීන් සදහා වඩාත්ම පුළුල් වූ ප්‍රතකාර ලබාදීම සදහා මානසික සෞඛ්‍ය ආයතනයක් පිහිටු වන ලදී. මෙලෙස මුල් අවදී වලදී ලද මැදිහත් වීම නිසා දහ නව වන සියවස වන විට රෝගීන් සංඛ්‍යාව ඉහළයත්ම ලබාදෙන ප්‍රතිකාර වල ගුණාත්මක භාවය පහල බැසීමක් හා අදාල ආයතන වල හා මනෝ විද්‍යාවේ කිර්තියටද හානිවීමක් සිදු වී ඇත. නමුත් විසි වන ශතවර්ෂයේදී රෝග පිලිබදව ජීව විද්‍යාත්මක අවබෝධයක් ලගබාගැනීම හා නව රෝග වර්ගී කරණ පද්ධතියක් හදුන්වා දීම නිසා මනෝ විද්‍යාව නව ජීවයක් ලබාගනී. මනෝ විද්‍යාව අසීරැ විද්‍යාත්මක දිශාවක් වෙත ගමන් කිරීම නසා එහි වෛද්‍ය වරයා හා රෝගියා අතර සබදතා වෙනස් මුහුණු වරක් ගනී. මේ වෙනස් වීම නිසා සමාජය තුල මනෝ විද්‍යාව කෙරෙහි සෘණාත්මක ආකල්පය නැතිවුණි. චින්තන රටාවේ වෙනස්වීම හා නව ප්‍රතිකාර ක්‍රම වල හදුන්වාදීම නසා මානසික රෝහල් ඉවත් කැර ගැනීමට පවා සිදුවුණි. මානසික රෝග හදුනා ගැනීම හා ප්‍රතිකාර ක්‍රම වේදයන්හි වූ කැපී පෙනෙන වෙනස්කම් නිසා ජීව විද්‍යාත්මක හා සමාජ විද්‍යාත්මක යන අංග දෙක අතර ඇති කුසලතාව හදුනා ගැනීමට ක්ෂේත්‍රය තුල වඩා නැඹුරැතාවක් ඇත. මේ නිසා වෙන් මානසික රෝග වල උපත, වර්ගී කරණය හා ප්‍රතිකාර ක්‍රම පිලිබදව කෙරෙන පර්යේෂණ සදහා කැපීපෙනෙන ඉල්ලුමක් ඇත.

වෛද්‍යවේදය
මනෝ වෛද්‍යවේදය
ජීව විද්‍යාව
මනෝ විද්‍යාව

මනෝ වෛද්‍යවේදය


19178 Walterbothe este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
19178 Walterbothe este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Tautenburg de Freimut Börngen și Lutz Dieter Schmadel. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,57 ua, o excentricitate de 0,26 și o înclinație de 3,9° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 19001-20000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Asteroizi cu nume de oameni
Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1991
Centura de asteroizi

19178 Walterbothe


Astelijevke (lat. Asteliaceae), biljna porodica u redu Asparagales, koja je dobila ime po rodu astelija (Astelia), visećim trajnicama koje rastu po južnoj polutki, po otocima južnog Pacifika, Indijskog oceana i južnog Atlantika, te u Australiji i krajnjem jugu Južne Amerike.

Porodici pripada 37 priznatih vrsta unutar 3 roda:
 Astelia Banks & Sol. ex R.Br., 31
 Milligania Hook.f., 5
 Neoastelia J.B.Williams, 1

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Šparogolike

Astelijevke


Kastamonu Province () is a province of Turkey, in the Black Sea region in the north of the country. It is surrounded by Sinop to the east, Bartın, Karabük to the west, Çankırı to the south, Çorum to the southeast and the Black Sea to the north. Its area is 13,064 km2, and its population is 378,115 (2022). The population density is 29 inhabitants per km2. The provincial capital Kastamonu has a population of 128,707 (2022).

Districts

Kastamonu province is divided into 20 districts (capital district in bold):

History

It is not definitively known when Kastamonu was first founded. However, some sources dating back to the Early Middle Ages refer to the province. There are also some archeological findings that date to about 100,000 years that suggest the region was inhabited at that time.

There are theories that the word Kastamonu derives from Castra Comnenus, the Latin name of the Byzantine castle built by the Comnenus dynasty.

With the weakening of the Macedon kings, the Paphlagonia and Bithynia regions were engulfed by the newly formed Pontus kingdom. After the fall of the Pontus kingdom in first century BC, the area was incorporated by the Roman Empire by joining Paphlagonia with Bithynia. The capital center of this new city-state was Pompeiopolis, of which the remains still stand near Tasköprü District in Kastamonu.

The region then fell under the hegemony of the Seljuq dynasty (11th century AD), followed by the Danishmends, the Byzantines during the crusades, Çobanoğlu and Jandarid beyliks. The Ottoman sultan Beyazid I conquered the province in 1392; however, following his capture and death in Battle of Ankara, the area was granted back to the Çandaroğlu by the Mongol warlord Timur Lenk. Ottoman sultan Mehmed II incorporated the region back into the empire in 1461.

During the Ottoman reign, the province boundaries were expanded up to reach Constantinople. The sultan's heirs were often sent to rule the province as governors to gain experience.

After the First World War, during the battles of the Turkish War of Independence, Kastamonu played an important role in the supply of ammunition and troops to the İnebolu–Ankara front, transporting the war machines that would arrive to İnebolu by sea from Istanbul (Constantinople) and the Soviets. When the Greeks noticed this activity, the İnebolu port was bombarded from the sea on 9 June 1921.

Highlights

The province is mostly covered with forests, thanks to the mild Black Sea climate. Ilgaz National Park, where a micro-climate dominates due to the mountainous terrain and numerous streams, is 63 km south of the province center of Kastamonu. There is also a ski center with accommodation facilities located near the park.

Ilgaz Mountain (highest peak 2587 m) dominates the south of the province where hiking and whitewater rafting is possible at the Ilgaz Stream. The Ilgarini cave at Cide, the Alinca cave at Küre and the International Equestrian Tourism Center of Daday are other notable attractions.

A 12th-century Byzantine castle, the 13th-century Atabey Mosque and the Ibni Neccar Mosque also located in the province. The Mahmut Bey Mosque, located in the village of Kasaba is known for its elegant wood carvings.

Gideros Bay, 13 km to Cide, is a holiday resort with pensions and fish restaurants.

The ruins of the Roman city-state Pompeiopolis are found near Taşköprü.

Kastamonu also has many mansions, which are traditionally built with an architectural style unique to this region. Many of these mansions have been restored following a 2000 declaration by the local government to preserve the historical texture.

Economy
According to the 2000 census, 77.5% of the labor force is occupied in agriculture. This ratio is higher than the country average. The second largest sector is public and private services (8.9%).

Almost all of the arable land has permanent crops. The agricultural products make up about of 0.01% of the total in Turkey. A large portion of the agricultural produce consists of cereals. Thanks to its widespread forest areas (a total of 57% of the surface area), forestry is also an important industry. Industries largely consist of manufacturing of forestry, agriculture and mining products.

Underground resources include copper, mercury, iron ore, chromium, manganese, asbestos, bauxite, graphite, phosphate, kaolinite, clay, limestone, quartz, marble, magnesite, fire clay, coal and nickel. There are also some natural thermal and mineral water springs, of which a few are suitable for economic investments.

Kastamonu shares about 0.4% of the GDP, the composition of the GDP is as follows (1998 est.):
Agriculture: 32.8%
Communication and transport: 20%
Services: 16.8%
Industry: 9.5%

Transportation is possible only through paved and unpaved highways; a railroad that will connect Çankırı, Kastamonu and İnebolu is under construction. Although the province has a 135 km long coastline to Black Sea, only İnebolu has a small port and transportation by the sea is almost non-existent.

There are around 112,000 telephone main lines in use, about 200,000 cellphone subscribers and 15,000 Internet users in the province.

Miscellaneous
Handcrafts are abundant in Kastamonu, especially in rural areas. Most available are hand-woven textiles.
Several national and local annual festivities also take place in the province.
In a research conducted in the province, 812 different food are identified that are specific to the region.
The provincial soccer team Kastamonuspor competes in the Bank Asya 1st League (1st National Soccer League).
The founder of the Turkish republic, Atatürk had declared the "dress code reform", which abolished the fez, in Kastamonu in 1925.

References

External links

  Kastamonu governor's official website
  Kastamonu municipality's official website
  Kastamonu weather forecast information
 Kastamonu culture & travel guide
 Pictures of the capital of Kastamonu province – with a link to the Kasaba village gallery
 Kastamonu Travel & Tourism Information

Kastamonu Province


El muelle de la Sal de Sevilla está ubicado junto al paseo de Colón, a los pies de la cabecera del puente de Isabel II, en la margen ribereña de Sevilla (Andalucía, España).

Historia

Toda la zona portuaria que iba desde la Torre del Oro al Puente de Barcas era de gran actividad, y este muelle concreto era llamado muelle del Barranco. Actualmente, lo único que conserva el nombre de "del Barranco" son una serie de naves de la arquitectura del hierro realizadas por la empresa sevillana Portilla, White y Cía y que se encuentran en el entorno.

El nombre que tiene actualmente es debido a que se utilizaba para la descarga de la sal que, llegaba en candrayes desde las salinas gaditanas.

Esta sal, destinada al principio para su distribución en Sevilla, derivó posteriormente al abastecimiento de los barcos pesqueros que acudían a Sevilla para descargar y vender la pesca en la lonja del Barranco, inmediata también al puente, pero río arriba.

Antes de partir a la mar para un nuevo período de pesca, rellenaban en parte sus bodegas con hielo y sal, único procedimiento para mantener en buenas condiciones el pescado capturado hasta la vuelta a puerto. En el mismo muelle estaba la fábrica de hielo de Barrera, que lo suministraba, ya picado, directamente al barco. Hielos Barrera es una empresa con sede social en Cádiz que existe en la actualidad.

A mediados de los años 60, las facilidades de transporte por carretera y la utilización de equipos de refrigeración instalados a bordo dieron fin al uso de este muelle.

En el año 1992, en el contexto de la Exposición Universal de 1992 que conmemoraba el V Centenario del Descubrimiento de América, se colocó en el muelle el monumento a la Tolerancia, obra del escultor Chillida.

El río Guadalquivir es un excelente lugar para realizar piragüismo y cuenta con un Centro de Alto Rendimiento de Remo y Piragüismo en la isla de la Cartuja. Dada esta condición, se han celebrado 21 ediciones de la Fiesta de las Piraguas desde este muelle. En 1998 se colocó en el muelle de la Sal una placa de bronce conmemorativa para hermanar el Guadalquivir con el río Sella de Asturias, popular por sus descensos en piragua. La placa muestra el río Sella, pasando por debajo del puente de Cangas de Onís y uniéndose con el Guadalquivir, que pasa frente a la Torre del Oro. También se muestran los escudos de Asturias y Andalucía.

Véase también
Muelle de la Aduana
Muelle de Nueva York

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Historia de Sevilla
Economía de Sevilla
Sal
Paseo de Cristóbal Colón (Sevilla)

Muelle de la Sal


Berlingske Tidende er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1949 instrueret af Torben Anton Svendsen og efter manuskript af Susanne Palsbo. Filmen handler om dagbladet Berlingske Tidende og er lavet i anledning af avisens 200-års jubilæum.

Medvirkende

 Svend Methling
 Sigrid Neiiendam
 Holger Gabrielsen
 Christian Houmark
 Osvald Helmuth
 Ellen Gottschalch
 Elith Foss
 Herluf Jensenius
 Robert Storm Petersen
 Ib Schønberg
 Henrik Rechendorff
 Erik Petersen
 John Price
 Palle Huld
 Pia Ahnfelt-Rønne
 Carl Heger
 Aase Jacobsen
 Buster Larsen
 Miskow Makwarth
 Louis Miehe-Renard
 Henry Nielsen
 Valdemar Skjerning
 Ove Sprogøe
 Aage Staubo
 Birthe Melchiors

Eksterne henvisninger

Virksomhedsfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1949

Berlingske Tidende (dokumentarfilm fra 1949)


En mur af tavshed er en dansk dokumentarfilm fra 1999, der er instrueret af Klaus Birch.

Handling
Hvert år mister 4.000 danske børn deres far eller mor. Alligevel har ni ud af ti skoler ikke nogle planer for, hvad man stiller op i tilfælde af dødsfald i et barns familie. Teenagegruppen i Aalborg er en samtalegruppe for børn, der har mistet én af deres forældre. I gruppen sidder Jes Dige, terapeut i Kræftens Bekæmpelse. Hans opgave er at tale med børnene og bryde den tavshed, der ofte omgiver dem i hjem og skole. Og han giver råd til omgivelserne om, hvordan man kan nærme sig det svære emne. Den 12-årige Marie og den 17-årige Gitte har begge mistet deres mor. Filmen følger dem tæt i et terapiforløb, hvor de taler om de mange tanker og følelser, der udløses af et tab af et nært familiemedlem.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1999

Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

En mur af tavshed


Disenchantment este un sitcom american de fantezie animat creat de Matt Groening. Serialul este prima producție a lui Groening pentru Netflix; el crease anterior Familia Simpson și Futurama pentru 20th Century Fox Television. Netflix a comandat douăzeci de episoade, din care primele zece episoade au fost lansate pe 17 august 2018.

Serialul are acțiunea în împărăția fantastică medievală Dreamland, și urmărește povestea lui Bean, o prințesă rebelă și alcoolică, a tovarășului ei, naivul elf Elfo și a "demonului ei personal", Luci.

Note
Seriale de televiziune din 2018
Seriale de animație

Seriale de animație pentru adulți
Desene Animate
Netflix

Disenchantment


يوبيكويتي  هو امتداد لمتصفح فيرفكس. يتيح للمستخدمين التعامل مع الويب بطريقة أكثر تفاعلية بدون الحاجة إلى معرفة تقنية عالية، من خلال توفير أوامر باللغة الطبيعية تمكن المستخدم من الحصول على المعلومات والبحث وإرسال البريد الإلكتروني وغيرها. أطلق نموذج أولي للامتداد في 26 أغسطس 2008، وتم الإعلان عنه في مدونة مختبرات موزيلا. في اللغة الإنجليزية، تعني يوبيكويتي Ubiquity التواجد في كل مكان.

شرح
من خلال الضغط على مفتاحي Ctrl + Space يظهر على نافذة المتصفح سطر أوامر، يدخل المستخدم فيه أوامر باللغة الطبيعية. تورد هذه الأوامر إلى الامتداد عبر موزيلا، أو عبر مستخدمين منفردين. تبرمج الأوامر في الأساس بواسطة جافا سكربت. تدخل الشيفرة المصدرية لهذه الأوامر إلى محرر الأوامر الذي يأتي مع يوبيكويتي، أو يشترك المستخدم فيها. تحدث الأوامر التي يشترك بها المستخدم تلقائيا عندما يقوم المبرمج بتحديث الشيفرة المصدرية. حاليا، لا يوجد حدود لإمكانيات هذه الأوامر، لذا يخطط ليوبيكويتي أن يستخدم شبكة آمنة، من خلالها يمكن للمستخدمين تقييم موثوقية أمر معين قبل الاشتراك لاستخدامه.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 منتدى مخصص ليوبيكويتي
 مجموعة غوغل مخصصة ليوبيكويتي

المزج (تهجين تطبيقات الويب)
إضافات فايرفوكس
موزيلا

يوبيكويتي


An Chlorospatha kressii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Michael Howard Grayum. An Chlorospatha kressii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Chlorospatha, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Chlorospatha

Chlorospatha kressii


Réttlæting getur átt við um:
 Réttlæting í lögfræði, vörn í ágæru vegna refsiverðs brots
 Réttlæting í guðfræði, athöfn Guðs að lýsa yfir eða gera syndara réttlátan frammi fyrir Guðni

Réttlæting


Hachioji se poate referi la:

 Municipiul Hachioji, o localitate în Japonia.
 Asteroidul 6612 Hachioji, un corp ceresc numit după municipiul Hachioji.

Hachioji (dezambiguizare)


حسام الدين جار الله شيخ وقاض عربي مقدسي. كان جار الله واحداً من أربعة موظفين في حكومة الانتداب البريطاني على فلسطين أعادتهم حكومة الانتداب لإشغال مناصب وزارية في حكومة إمارة شرق الأردن، حيث شغل الشيخ حسام الدين جار الله منصب ناظر العدلية (وزير العدلية) وقاض للقضاة في حكومة الرئيس حسن خالد أبو الهدى الصيادي المشكلة في 26 تموز 1926 م.

مصادر

أشخاص من القدس
خريجو جامعة الأزهر
سياسيون فلسطينيون
عرب الدولة العثمانية
قضاة شرعيون
قضاة فلسطينيون
مسلمون سنة فلسطينيون
مفتو القدس
مواليد 1884
وفيات 1373 هـ
وفيات 1954

حسام الدين جار الله


Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar SSCC (* 27. September 1942 in Valparaíso) ist ein chilenischer Ordensgeistlicher und emeritierter römisch-katholischer  Bischof von Valparaíso.

Leben
Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar trat der Ordensgemeinschaft der Arnsteiner Patres bei und empfing am 8. Juli 1968 die Priesterweihe.

Papst Johannes Paul II. ernannte ihn am 31. Januar 1995 zum Militärbischof von Chile und Titularbischof von Lamiggiga. Der Apostolische Nuntius in Chile, Erzbischof Piero Biggio, spendete ihm am 2. April desselben Jahres die Bischofsweihe; Mitkonsekratoren waren José Joaquín Matte Varas, emeritierter Militärbischof von Chile, und Francisco Javier Prado Aránguiz SSCC, Bischof von Rancagua. Als Wahlspruch wählte er einen Vers aus dem Buch der Psalmen : Dominus fortitudo mea (lat.: Der Herr ist meine Stärke). Auf seinen Titularsitz Lamiggiga verzichtete er am 7. März 1998.

Am 4. Dezember 1998 wurde Bischof Duarte García zum Bischof von Valparaíso ernannt. Von seinem Amt als Militärbischof trat er am 4. November 1999 zurück.

Papst Franziskus nahm am 11. Juni 2018 seinen altersbedingten Rücktritt an.

Siehe auch
 Römisch-katholische Kirche in Chile
 Geschichte Chiles#Militärdiktatur 1973–1990

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (20. Jahrhundert)
Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Militärbischof
Titularbischof
Arnsteiner Pater
Chilene
Geboren 1942
Mann

Gonzalo Duarte García de Cortázar


La miezul nopții (Four past Midnight) este o colecție de 4 nuvele de Stephen King. A fost publicată la 24 septembrie 1990 de Viking. Este a doua carte a lui King de acest tip după Anotimpuri diferite (Different Seasons, 1982). Colecția a câștigat Premiul Bram Stoker în 1990 pentru cea mai bună colecție și a fost nominalizată la Premiul Locus în 1991.

Lista nuvelelor
 Langolierii (The Langoliers)
 Fereastra secretă, grădina secretă (Secret Window, Secret Garden)
 Polițistul Bibliotecii  (The Library Policeman)
 Câinele Polaroid (The Sun Dog)

Ecranizări
Nuvela Langolierii a fost adaptată de Tom Holland în 1995 ca un film de televiziune omonim în două părți. În 2004 a avut premiera filmului Fereastra secretă  cu Johnny Depp și John Turturro. Acesta a fost scris și regizat de David Koepp.

Traduceri
 2006 - traducere de Constantin Dumitru-Palcus, Editura Trei, Colecția Fiction Connection, ISBN: 973-707-063-1

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
Listă de povestiri după care s-au făcut filme
1990 în literatură
Ficțiune scurtă de Stephen King

Cărți din 1990
Lucrări de Stephen King
Cărți după care s-au făcut filme
Colecții de povestiri din 1990
Povestiri ecranizate
Cărți Viking Press

La miezul nopții


Vin berzele este un film românesc din 1976 regizat de Ion Bostan.

Prezentare

Note

Legături externe

Vezi și
 1976 în film

Filme românești
Filme în limba română
Filme din 1976

Vin berzele


أحمد عزمي (14 سبتمبر 1978 -)، ممثل مصري. شارك في العديد من الأعمال الدرامية المصرية سواء مسلسلات أو أفلام سينمائية. من المسلسلات التي شارك بها العميل 1001 وعباس الأبيض في اليوم الأسود وأحلامك أوامر ويتربى في عزو. وفي السينما شارك في أفلام قبلات مسروقة والزمهلوية وجوبا.

من أعماله

أفلام

المسلسلات

أخرى
 عفاريت محرز: 2014 - سيت كوم
 العين اللى صابت: 1999 - سهرة تليفزيونية
 يا طالع الشجرة تاني.. ليه؟: 1996 - مسرحية
 جارة القمر- مسلسل اذاعي
 علامات أبريل- فيلم قصير
 ثم تأتي الحقيقة محزنة - سهرة تليفزيونية

روابط خارجية

مصادر

أحمد عزمي
أشخاص من الجيزة
ممثلو أفلام مصريون
ممثلو تلفزيون مصريون
ممثلو مسرح مصريون
ممثلون مصريون في القرن 20
ممثلون مصريون في القرن 21
مواليد 1392 هـ
مواليد 1972
مواليد في محافظة الجيزة

أحمد عزمي


Erciyes Üniversitesi, Kayseri'de 1978'de kurulan bir devlet üniversitesidir.

URAP (University Ranking by Academic Performance) Araştırma Laboratuvarı'nın akademik performans  sıralamasına göre 2016 yılı itibarıyla Türkiye'de akademik performans açısından 3. sırada yer alır. Erciyes Üniversitesi bir araştırma üniversitesidir. Ayrıca Türkiye'de Kovid-19 aşısı Erciyes Üniversitesi tarafından geliştirilmiştir.

Tarihi

Erciyes Üniversitesi 1978 yılında Kayseri Üniversitesi adı altında kuruldu. 1969 yılında Hacettepe Üniversitesi'ne bağlı olarak açılan Gevher Nesibe Tıp Fakültesi ve 1977 yılında açılan Kayseri İşletme Fakültesi, Erciyes Üniversitesi'nin nüvesini oluşturmuştur. Kayseri'deki diğer iki yükseköğretim kurumu olan ve 1965'te kurulan Kayseri Yüksek İslam Enstitüsü, İlahiyat Fakültesi olarak; 1977'de kurulan Kayseri Devlet Mimarlık ve Mühendislik Akademisini Mühendislik Fakültesi olarak bünyesine alarak 1982 yılında Erciyes Üniversitesi adını almıştır.

Üniversite, adını, şehrin 15 km. güneybatısında yer alan 3916 m. yüksekliğindeki Erciyes Dağı'ndan almaktadır. Bugün, Kayseri merkez olmak üzere Develi İlçesinde de faaliyet gösteren Erciyes Üniversitesi; toplam 16 fakülte, 4 yüksekokul, 7 meslek yüksekokulu, 7 enstitü, 5 bölüm, 16 Araştırma Merkezi ve 1350 yataklı gelişmiş bir eğitim, araştırma ve uygulama hastanesi ile hizmet vermektedir. Mevcut bulunan Tıp, İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler, İlahiyat, Mühendislik ve Fen-Edebiyat Fakültelerine, (2009 Yılında Fen Fakültesi ve Edebiyat Fakültesi olarak iki Fakülteye ayrılmıştır.) 1992 yılında Mimarlık Fakültesi ile Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi, 1995 yılında Kayseri'de Veteriner Fakültesi,  Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, 1997 yılında, Diş Hekimliği ve İletişim Fakültesi, 2002 yılında Eğitim Fakültesi, 2003 yılında Hukuk Fakültesi ve Eczacılık Fakültesi ve 2005 yılında ise Develi Seyrani Ziraat Fakültesi  eklenmiştir. 2009 yılında Kayseri Atatürk Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi olarak adı değişmiştir.

Yüksekokullar; Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu, Sivil Havacılık Yüksekokulu, Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu, Turizm İşletmeciliği ve Otelcilik Yüksekokulu.

Meslek Yüksekokulları; Kayseri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Halil Bayraktar Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Safiye Çıkrıkçıoğlu Meslek Yüksekokulu, Mustafa Çıkrıkçıoğlu Meslek Yüksekokulu, Sosyal Bilimler Meslek Yüksek Okulu, Develi Hüseyin Şahin Meslek Yüksek Okulu ve Adalet Meslek Yüksek Okulu'dur.

Erciyes Üniversitesi; eğitim, araştırma ve sağlık hizmetleri sunarak, çevresiyle bütünleşmiştir. Erciyes Üniversitesinde alt yapı ve hizmet binalarının önemli bir kısmı yörenin hayırsever işadamları tarafından yaptırılıp tefriş ve donanımı tamamlandıktan sonra üniversiteye bağışlanmıştır.

Rektörler
 Prof. Dr. Metin Tuncel (1982 - 1987)
 Prof. Dr. Aydın İnal (1987 - 1988)
 Prof. Dr. Naci Kınacıoğlu (1988 - 1992)
 Prof. Dr. Mehmet Şahin (1992 - 2000)
 Prof. Dr. Ahmet Zeki Yılmaz (2000 - 2004)
 Prof. Dr. Cengiz Utaş (2004 - 2008)
 Prof. Dr. Hasan Fahrettin Keleştemur (2008 - 2015)
 Prof. Dr. Hamza Çakır (2015 - 2016, vekâleten)
 Prof. Dr. Muhammet Güven (2016 - 2018)
 Prof. Dr. Mustafa Çalış (2018 - 2022)
Prof. Dr. Fatih Altun (2022 - günümüz)

Kampüs

Üniversite, adını şehrin 15 km. güneybatısında yer alan 3916 m. yükseklikteki Erciyes Dağı'ndan almaktadır. Bugün İç Anadolu Bölgesi'nde Kayseri ilinde faaliyet gösteren üniversite; toplam 18 fakülte, 3 yüksekokul, 10 meslek yüksekokulu, 7 enstitü, 5 bölüm, 38 araştırma merkezi ve 1350 yataklı gelişmiş bir uygulama hastanesi ile hizmet vermektedir.

Üniversitenin dört kampüsü bulunmaktadır. Ana Kampüs Talas yolu üzerinde merkezi bir konumdadır. Ulaşım oldukça kolaydır.Ana Kampüse hem otobüsle hem de tramvayla ulaşmak mümkündür. Develi ilçesinde 225.000m2'lik alana sahip Seyrani Kampüsü, Tomarza ilçesinde 5000m2'lik bir alana sahip Tomarza Kampüsü bulunur. Ayrıca 23 Temmuz 2016'da kapanan Melikşah Üniversitesi Erciyes Üniversitesi'ne devredilmiş ve Melikşah Üniversitesi kampüsüne "Erciyes Üniversitesi 15 Temmuz Yerleşkesi" adı verilmiştir. Bu yerleşke sonradan ise Kayseri Üniversitesi adı ile kurulan üniversiteye devredildi.

Akademik birimler

Fakülteler
 Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi
 Eczacılık Fakültesi
 Eğitim Fakültesi
 Edebiyat Fakültesi
 Fen Fakültesi
 Güzel Sanatlar Fakültesi
 Havacılık ve Uzay Bilimleri Fakültesi
 Hukuk Fakültesi
 İlahiyat Fakültesi
 İletişim Fakültesi
 İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi
 Mimarlık Fakültesi
 Mühendislik Fakültesi
 Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi
 Tıp Fakültesi
 Turizm Fakültesi
 Veteriner Fakültesi
 Ziraat Fakültesi

Enstitüler
 Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
 Gevher Nesibe Tıp Tarihi Enstitüsü
 Güzel Sanatlar Enstitüsü
 Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
 Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
 Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü
 Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi Enstitüsü Enstitüsü

Yüksek Okullar
 Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Yüksekokulu
 Uygulamalı Bilimler Yüksekokulu
 Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu

Meslek Yüksek Okulları
 Adalet Meslek Yüksekokulu
 Halil Bayraktar Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu

Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezleri

 Afrika Ekonomik ve Sosyal Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Astronomi ve Uzay Bilimleri Gözlemevi Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (UZAYBİMER)
 Atatürk İlkeleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Betül-Ziya Eren Genom ve Kök Hücre Merkezi
 Bilgisayar Bilimleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Çevre Korunması Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Çocuk İhmali ve İstismarını Engelleme Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (ÇİTEM)
 Davud El-Kayseri Tasavvuf Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Deneysel Araştırmalar Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Eğitim Bilimleri ve Teknolojileri Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Enerji Dönüşümleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Erciyes Üniversitesi Sürekli Eğitim Merkezi
 Hakan Çetinsaya Deneysel ve Klinik Araştırma Merkezi (ERKAM)
 Hidroklimatoloji Fiziksel Tıp Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Kadın Çalışmaları Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Kariyer Yönlendirme ve Bilgilendirme Merkezi (KAYBİMER)
 Kayseri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (KAYHAM)

 Kayseri ve Yöresi Tarih Araştırmaları Merkezi (KAYTAM)
 Kayseri Mimar Sinan Mimarlık ve Kültür Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Nanoteknoloji Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (ERNAM)
 Orta Anadolu Restorasyon/Konservasyon Geliştirme, Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (ERREM)
 Sağlık Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Stratejik Araştırmalar ve Uygulama Merkezi (ERUSAM)
 Sürekli Eğitim Merkezi (ERSEM)
 Tarımsal Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (ERUTAM)
 Teknoloji Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Tıbbi Görüntüleme Teknolojileri Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Tıp Fakültesi Hastanesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
 Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Merkezi
 Uzaktan Eğitim Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Vektörler ve Vektörlerle Bulaşan Hastalıklar Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi
 Yüksek İrtifa ve Spor Bilimleri Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi

Öğrenci sayıları

Üniversiteler Sıralaması

* İlgili yılda üniversite endeks sıralamasına girememiştir.

** İlgili yılda endeks sıralaması yayınlanmamıştır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Kayseri ilinde bulunan üniversiteler
1978'de kurulan üniversiteler
Türkiye'deki devlet üniversiteleri

Erciyes Üniversitesi


André Marie (3 December 1897  – 12 June 1974) was a French Radical politician who served as Prime Minister during the Fourth Republic in 1948.

Biography
Born at Honfleur, Calvados, the young André Marie studied at primary and secondary level there, going on to the  Lycée Corneille, when his parents moved to Rouen in 1908. While preparing to apply to the École Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines, he was mobilised at the end of 1916. By the end of World War I, he commanded a battery of 75 men. He received two light injuries and numerous commendations. He was decorated with the Croix de guerre with palm.

He started work as a lawyer in 1922. He was elected Deputy for Seine-Inférieure (now Seine-Maritime), holding his seat in the Palais Bourbon from 1928 to 1962. In 1933, André Marie entered the government as Under-Secretary of State to Albert Sarraut, responsible for Alsace-Lorraine. He served in several Under-Secretarial posts, and represented France at the League of Nations.

As World War II escalated, André Marie, a reserve captain, was one of several parliamentarians who enlisted voluntarily. An artillery captain, he was decorated with a second Croix de Guerre, taken prisoner, and imprisoned at the Oflag at Saarburg. He was therefore absent for the vote of 10 July 1940, which empowered Marshal Pétain and instituted the regime of Vichy France.

Marie was freed in 1941, having served as an officer in both World Wars. Refusing Vichy politics on his return to Seine-Maritime, he resigned all his elected offices, and in a letter to his constituents, explained that he could not exercise his mandate while the people could not be consulted freely. As a member of the Georges-France resistance network, he was denounced and arrested on 12 September 1943 by occupation authorities, imprisoned at Compiègne, then deported to a camp at Buchenwald on 16 December 1943, where he remained until the liberation of the camp by American troops on 11 April 1945. He had lost 30 kilograms, and had suffered a heart infection and a liver infection.

On his return to France, André Marie quickly regained his place in political life, both at departmental and national levels.

Ministerial career

Minister of Justice

In 1947, he was appointed Minister of Justice in the Ramadier ministry, and presided over the last trials in the High Court of collaborators.

Prime Minister of France

The President called on him to become Prime Minister, replacing Robert Schuman on 27 July 1948, but he was obliged to resign a month later.

Subsequent ministerial offices

He accepted the post of Deputy Prime Minister in the Queuille cabinet in 1948, and was again named Minister of Justice, refusing to pursue the Communists after the miners' strikes of 1948. On 3 February 1949, as Minister of Justice, he was called to account in the National Assembly on the matter of the economic collaborator Pierre Brice. The radical Deputy Emmanuel d'Astier de la Vigerie declared: "Men who have amassed fortunes as a result of collaboration are now largely free to enjoy the fruits of their treason because the government, indulgent towards collaborators, has led a politic of repression against the working class." Weakened by the affair, André Marie resigned on 13 February 1949.

He then served as Minister of Education, from August 1951 until June 1954. He brought about the Marie and Barangé laws, in support of free education. An ardent proponent of public education, he brought about the law, still in place, which makes students of the écoles normales supérieures trainee civil servants: in exchange for a monthly salary, they may be asked to serve the government at any point during the ten years following their matriculation.

Municipal office

As Mayor of Barentin from 1945 to 1974, he installed the statues of the town's famous "street museum".  He died, aged 76, in Rouen.

Ministry (26 July - 5 September 1948)
André Marie - President of the Council
Pierre-Henri Teitgen - Vice President of the Council
Léon Blum - Vice President of the Council
Robert Schuman - Minister of Foreign Affairs
René Mayer - Minister of National Defense
Jules Moch - Minister of the Interior
Paul Reynaud - Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs
Robert Lacoste - Minister of Commerce and Industry
Daniel Mayer - Minister of Labour and Social Security
Robert Lecourt - Minister of Justice
Yvon Delbos - Minister of National Education
André Maroselli - Minister of Veterans and War Victims
Pierre Pflimlin - Minister of Agriculture
Paul Coste-Floret - Minister of Overseas France
Christian Pineau - Minister of Public Works and Transport
Pierre Schneiter - Minister of Public Health and Population
René Coty - Minister of Reconstruction and Town Planning
Henri Queuille - Minister of State
Paul Ramadier - Minister of State

References

External links

1897 births
1974 deaths
People from Honfleur
Radical Party (France) politicians
Prime Ministers of France
French Ministers of Justice
French Ministers of National Education
Members of the 14th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 15th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the 16th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic
Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1945)
Members of the Constituent Assembly of France (1946)
Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic
Deputies of the 2nd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic
Deputies of the 3rd National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic
Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Members of Parliament for Seine-Maritime
Mayors of places in Normandy
Lycée Pierre-Corneille alumni
French military personnel of World War I
French military personnel of World War II
French Resistance members
Commanders of the Legion of Honour
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (France)

André Marie


Jean Banières est un philosophe et physicien français du , dont l'activité est attestée entre 1725 et 1740.

Cartésien zélé, il a critiqué les théories newtoniennes de Voltaire sur la lumière et les couleurs. Il défend l'analogie entre les sons et les couleurs.

Œuvres
 .
 .

Notes et références

Liens externes

Philosophe français du XVIIIe siècle
Physicien français du XVIIIe siècle

Jean Banières


Die Sieben Quellen sind Karstquellen bei Eschenlohe in Oberbayern.

Beschreibung
Der Quellteich der Sieben Quellen liegt im Loisachtal am nordöstlichen Rand des Pfrühlmooses, einer Moorkette. Im Quellteich gibt es mehrere starke Quellaufstöße, die insgesamt über 1000 l/s schütten können. Der Sulfatgehalt des Wassers weist auf Kontakt mit gipshaltigen Raibler Schichten hin. Der abfließende Mühlbach mündet nach 1,5 km in die Loisach.

Geotop
Die Quellen sind vom Bayerischen Landesamt für Umwelt als besonders wertvolles Geotop (Geotop-Nummer: 180Q003) ausgewiesen.

Siehe auch
 Liste von Karstquellen in Bayern

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

  Sieben Quellen (Eschenlohe) (PDF; 190 kB)

Quelle in Bayern
Geotop im Landkreis Garmisch-Partenkirchen
QSieben Quellen
Fließgewässer im Landkreis Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Karstquelle in Deutschland
Eschenlohe

Sieben Quellen (Eschenlohe)


El Qasr ibn Wardan es un castillo militar del . Se encuentra localizado en Hama, Siria y fue construido por el emperador bizantino Justiniano I (r. 527-565), como parte de una línea defensiva (junto con Resafa y Halabiye) contra los persas sasánidas. Su estilo único, directamente de Constantinopla y que no se encuentra en ningún otro lugar en la actual Siria, probablemente fue escogido para impresionar a las tribus locales beduinos y consolidar el control sobre ellos.

Nada queda de los cuarteles en la actualidad. El palacio fue probablemente la residencia del gobernador local. La parte que mejor se conserva es la fachada sur con bandas de basalto negro y ladrillo amarillo. Hay restos de establos en el norte y un complejo de baños pequeños en la parte oriental del palacio con un patio central.

La iglesia (de forma cuadrada con una nave central y dos laterales) está de pie justo al oeste del palacio y tiene un diseño arquitectónico similar a ella, pero un poco más pequeño. Originalmente estaba cubierto por una cúpula de gran tamaño (sólo un colgante sigue en pie hasta hoy).

Galería

Véase también
 Castillo
 Palacio
 Qishlah

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Burns, Ross. Monuments of Syria. I.B.Tauris. p. 201.
 C. Mango, Architettura Bizantina , Electa, Milano.

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web que alberga fotos sobre el castillo

Castillos de Siria
Castillos construidos en el siglo VI
Ruinas de Siria
Arquitectura de Siria del siglo VI
Construcciones de Justiniano I

Qasr ibn Wardan


Chondriella, monotipski rod morskih algi smješten u vlastitu porodicu Chondriellaceae, dio reda Gigartinales.

Jedina vrsta C. pusilla iz jugoistočnog Pacifika, endem je otočja Juan Fernández.

Rodovi

Izvori

Gigartinales

Chondriella


John Rous,  comte de Stradbroke ( - ), connu sous le nom de Sir John Rous, baronnet, de 1771 à 1796 et sous le nom de Lord Rous de 1796 à 1821, est un noble britannique, propriétaire de chevaux de course et membre de Parlement.

Biographie
Il est le fils de Sir John Rous,  baronnet, et lui succède comme sixième baronnet à sa mort en 1771. En 1780, il est élu à la Chambre des communes pour le Suffolk, siège qu'il occupe jusqu'en 1796. La dernière année, il est élevé à la pairie en tant que baron Rous, de Dennington dans le comté de Suffolk. En 1821, il est nommé vicomte Dunwich, dans le comté de Suffolk, et comte de Stradbroke, dans le comté de Suffolk. Lord Stradbroke possède un haras dans le Suffolk et remporte les 2 000 Guinées de 1815 avec le poulain Tigris.

Il épouse Charlotte Maria Whittaker le 23 février 1792 au 11 Manchester Square, Londres, Angleterre .

Lord Stradbroke meurt en août 1827, à l'âge de 77 ans, et est remplacé dans ses titres par son fils aîné John. Son deuxième fils, , devient amiral dans la Royal Navy et steward renommé du Jockey Club.

Références

Bibliographie
 Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (éditeurs). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (édition 1990). New York : St Martin's Press, 1990

Liens externes

Décès en août 1827
Naissance en mai 1750
Comte de la pairie du Royaume-Uni
Décès à 77 ans

John Rous (1er comte de Stradbroke)


Hans Thøger Winther (født 22. januar 1786 i Thisted i Jylland, død 11. februar 1851 i Kristiania) var en norsk redaktør og litograf.

Winther praktiserede fra 1808 som prokurator i Akershus Amt og drev fra 1826 ved siden heraf et bogtrykkeri. Fra dette udgik i årene 1832—38 under hans redaktion det illustrerede blad Bien i 26 bind, fra 1841 til 1843 Ny Hermoder i 5 bind, fra 1834 til 1842 Arkiv for Læsning af blandet Indhold eller Norsk Penning-Magazin i 9 bind samt fra 1843 til 1845 Journal for Nærings- og Haandværksdrift, Landbrug, Industri m. m. i 3 bind. Winther eksperimenterede meget i fremstillingen af lysbilleder, og litografierne til de af ham udgivne blade udførtes i et af ham anlagt officin.

Kilder

Redaktører fra Norge
Litografer
Grafikere fra Norge
Bogtrykkere
Erhvervsfolk fra Norge
Nordmænd i 1800-tallet
Personer fra Thisted

Hans Thøger Winther


O coração de qualquer comunidade de Kiribati é sua maneaba ou casa de reuniões. A maneaba não é apenas o maior edifício de qualquer aldeia, é o centro da vida da aldeia e a base da ilha e da governação nacional.

A maneaba tradicional é uma estrutura imponente, com lajes de coral sustentando um enorme telhado formado de madeira de coqueiro, amarrado com barbante de coco e coberto com folhas de pandanus. Toda a comunidade está envolvida em sua construção, e cada aspecto da maneaba tem uma função simbólica e prática.[1]

Um maneaba tem um papel cultural semelhante ao de um marae polinésio. Nas ilhas vizinhas de Tuvalu (anteriormente chamadas de Ilhas Ellice), a casa de reuniões é chamada de maneapa.[2] A partilha do nome é o resultado de Kiribati e Tuvalu serem anteriormente a colônia da coroa britânica das Ilhas Gilbert e Ellice.

A Casa da Assembleia (Kiribati) ou Governo de Kiribati é referido como o Maneaba ni Maungatabu, ou maneaba da Montanha Sagrada.

Bibliografia
Maude, H. E. (1977), A evolução do boti Gilbertino. Uma interpretação etno-histórica, Instituto de Estudos do Pacífico e Centro de Extensão das Ilhas Gilbert da Universidade do Pacífico Sul, Suva (Primeira impressão: Polynesian Society, Wellington 1963).
Maude, H. E. (1980), The Gilbertese maneaba, The Institute of Pacific Studies and the Kiribati Extension Center of the University of the South Pacific, (Suva).
Lundsgaarde, Henry P. (1978), Gunson, Niel (ed.), "Mudanças pós-contato na organização maneaba Gilbertese", The Changing Pacific. Ensaios em honra de H. E. Maude, Melbourne: Oxford University Press, pp. 67-79, ISBN 0-19-550518-2.

Política do Kiribati
Cultura do Kiribati

Maneaba


Et shot er en lille mængde spiritus, der drikkes ren eller med f.eks. farvet likør og serveres i et lille glas af ofte 3-4 cl.

Alkoholiske drikke
Ord og vendinger

Shot