Carl Christoph Friedrich Ludwig Haug (* 21. Januar 1795 in Stuttgart, Herzogtum Württemberg; † 11. März 1869 in Tübingen, Königreich Württemberg) war ein deutscher evangelisch lutherischer Theologe und Historiker. Haug war Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Universalgeschichte an der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen und lehrte dieses Fach fast 40 Jahre. Im 39. Jahr seines Ordinariats bat er aus gesundheitlichen Gründen um seine Emeritierung.

Herkunft und Familie
Carl Friedrich Haug war der älteste Sohn des württembergischen "Hofmechanikus" und späteren Professors für Mechanik und Maschinenlehre an der Vereinigten Real- und Gewerbeschule in Stuttgart Gottlob Friedrich Haug (1769–1850) und der Juliane Luise Märklin (* 12. Februar 1774 in Stuttgart; † 27. Mai 1823 in Stuttgart). Er ist ein Enkel des Ludwigsburger Hofinstrumentenmachers Johann Friedrich Haug (1730–1793) und dessen zweiter Ehefrau Charlotte Katharina Sidonie Commerell, der am 24. Februar 1734 zu Ludwigsburg geborenen Tochter des herzoglichen Kammermusikus Johann Friedrich Commerell. Haug hat zahlreiche Vorfahren aus der Württembergischen Ehrbarkeit stammend. So ist er auch ein Nachkomme des Reformators Johannes Brenz. Haug hatte zwölf jüngere Geschwister.

I. Ehe mit Charlotte Reuß

Carl Friedrich Haug war in erster Ehe mit Johanne Charlotte Reuß verheiratet, einer Enkelin des Tübinger Bürgermeisters Johann Immanuel Bossert. Die Ehe wurde am 7. Oktober 1823 geschlossen und endete am 20. Dezember 1828 mit dem Tod der 24-jährigen Charlotte, nachdem diese am Tage zuvor ein Mädchen geboren hatte, das noch am selben Tag gestorben war.

Genealogie

In der Schrift: Familiengeschichten aus dem Nachlaß von Carl Friedrich Haug, bearbeitet von Karl Riecke, sind neben dem Bilde Haugs auch 5 Stammtafeln seiner Vorfahren enthalten.

Inhaltsverzeichnis
 I. Die Familien Haug und Kommerell, S. 7–22
 II. Die Familie Märklin, S. 23–38
 III. Die Familien Rapp, Prinz, Wagner, Nicolai, Sattler, Gaisberger, Kühorn, Wagner, Melchior Metzger, und Hermann, S. 39–57
 IV. Die Familien Raith, Rümelin, Harprecht, Andreä, Zeller, Schwarz, Mögling, Alber, Ölheinz, Heerbrand, Schnepf und  Brenz, S. 58–96

Anhang
 Stammtafeln, S. 97–107

Personenregister
 S. 108

Bedeutende Württembergische Ahnherren Haugs
 Stammtafeln, S. 98–99, neben anderen: der älteste, Claus Märklin, geboren 1450, zugleich Stammvater von Johannes Kepler
 Stammtafeln, S. 100–102, neben anderen: Johann Melchior Nicolai (Pfarrer 1635–1659). Er war Generalsuperintendent in Denkendorf sowie Abt im Kloster Blaubeuren und im Kloster Maulbronn
 Stammtafeln, S. 102–103, neben anderen: Melchior Metzger
 Stammtafeln, S. 104–105, neben anderen: Jacob Andreae, Johannes Harpprecht, Martin Rümelin
 Stammtafeln, S. 106–107, neben anderen: Johannes Brenz, Jacob Heerbrand, Erhard Schnepf, Theoderich Schnepf

II. Ehe Haugs mit Theophanie Conradi

Am 2. Februar 1833 heiratete Carl Friedrich Haug zum zweiten Mal. Er vermählte sich in Stuttgart mit Theophanie Conradi (* 12. Juni 1811 in Stuttgart; † 4. August 1891 in Tübingen). Sie war die sechste Tochter und das siebte Kind des Stuttgarter Kaufmanns Johann Nepomuk Leopold Friedrich Conradi und der Wilhelmine Auguste Luise Feuerlein. Aus der Ehe Carl Friedrich Haugs mit Theophanie Conradi gingen neun Töchter und ein Sohn hervor: Charlotte, Theophanie, Luise, Carl, Mathilde, Marie, Sophie, Helene, Amalie und Anna.

 1. Charlotte (* 21. November 1833 in Tübingen; † 10. Februar 1870 in Marburg) ⚭ mit Wilhelm Roser.
 2. Theophanie (* 7. September 1835 in Tübingen; † 16. April 1901 in Degerloch) ⚭ mit Karl Riecke.
 3. Luise Wilhelmine (* 16. Juli 1837 in Tübingen; † 11. April 1918 in Stuttgart) ⚭ mit Ludwig Roser Kaufmann in London.
 4. Carl Friedrich (* 25. August 1838 in Tübingen; † 17. Februar 1908 in Louisenthal), Regierungsbaumeister, Papierfabrikant in Louisenthal ⚭ mit Christiane Böhringer, Tochter des Bierbrauereibesitzers und Rößlewirts J. Böhringer  aus Aalen.
 5. Mathilde Emilie (* 26. Mai 1840 in Tübingen; † 19. August 1905 in Freiburg im Breisgau) ⚭ mit Albrecht Heinrich Holz, Kaufmann in Stuttgart.
 6. Marie (* 17. November 1841 in Tübingen; † 30. April 1868 in Neapel) ⚭ mit Carl Ferdinand Pistorius, Kaufmann in Neapel.
 7. Sophie (* Friederike 4. September 1843 in Tübingen; † 24. Juni 1937 in Tübingen) ⚭ mit Oskar von Bülow.
 8. Helene Elise (* 19. Mai 1845 in Tübingen; † 10. August 1904 in Stuttgart), blieb unverheiratet.
 9. Amalie (* 10. September 1848 in Tübingen; † 21. Juni 1890 in Marburg)  ⚭ mit Wilhelm Roser.
 10. Anna (* 25. Juli 1851 in Tübingen; † 1918 in Heilbronn) ⚭ mit Gustav Roser Justizrat, Direktor des Arbeitshauses zu Rottenburg. Oberjustizrat und Direktor des Zellengefängnisses  zu Heilbronn.

Die württembergischen Familienstiftungen XXII. Heft, Köhler, Stuttgart 1858
 Siehe auch: Ferdinand Friedrich Faber. Familien Stiftungen Nebst genealogischen Nachrichten über die zu denselben berechtigten Familien. Die württembergischen Familienstiftungen XXII. Heft, Köhler, Stuttgart 1858

Die Schrift Karl Viktor von Riecke's als Faksimile aus dem Bestand der Library of Princeton University
 Siehe auch: digitalisiert von Google als Faksimile aus dem Bestand der "Library of Princeton University", die Schrift Karl Viktor von Rieckes "Altwirtembergisches. aus. Familienpapieren. zum Besten. des Lutherstifts, einer Erziehungsanstalt für Pfarrersöhne. veröffentlicht von. Karl Riecke. Mit dem Bilde von Karl Friedrich Haug. Stuttgart. Druck und Verlag von W. Kohlhammer. 1886."

Zu Haugs Schwiegersöhnen gehören Oskar von Bülow, Wilhelm Roser und Karl Riecke. Riecke hat die genealogischen und biographischen Lebensdaten seines Schwiegervaters Haug in der Erinnerungsschrift Altwirtembergisches aus Familienpapieren von Carl Friedrich Haug, erschienen im Jahre 1886, als Privatdruck der Familie herausgegeben. Zu Haugs bekannteren direkten Nachkommen gehören der Puppenspieler und Marionettenbauer Albrecht Roser, ein Ur-Ur-Enkel Haugs, und aus der nächstfolgenden Generation der Klangkünstler und Komponist von Hörspiel- und Filmmusik David Moufang. Der Altertumsforscher Ferdinand Haug ist ein Neffe von Carl Friedrich Haug.

Carl Friedrich Haug fand seine letzte Ruhe auf dem Tübinger Stadtfriedhof in der Abteilung F (Reihe 13 Grab 21). Neben weiteren Familienmitgliedern wurden in dem Familiengrab auch seine Witwe Theophanie Haug geborene Conradi (1891) und seine Tochter Sophie Bülow geborene Haug (1937) beigesetzt. Die Grabstätte existierte noch 1985. Von 1968 bis 2001 war der Stadtfriedhof vorübergehend für weitere Belegungen geschlossen. In der 2001 von der Friedhofsverwaltung durchgeführten Fotodokumentation ist die Grabanlage nicht mehr enthalten.

Leben und Wirken

Theologische Ausbildung – Denkendorf – Maulbronn – Tübingen
Carl Friedrich Haug besuchte das Stuttgarter Gymnasium Illustre, das seit 1686 ein Ausbildungszug am Eberhard-Ludwigs-Gymnasium Stuttgarts war. Im Herbst 1808 musste Haug sein Elternhaus im Alter von 13 Jahren nach bestandenem Landexamen verlassen, um dem väterlichen Wunsch gemäß eine theologische Ausbildung an den evangelisch-theologischen Seminaren von Denkendorf und Maulbronn anzutreten. Im Anschluss an seine vier Jahre dauernde Vorbereitung in den Seminaren von Denkendorf und Maulbronn, war Carl Friedrich Haug von Oktober 1812 bis zum Frühjahr 1817 Zögling des theologischen Stiftes in Tübingen. Am 21. September 1817 erlangte er dort nach erfolgreicher Disputation den akademischen Grad eines Magisters.

Karl von Cleß – Karl Pfaff – Friedrich von Römer
In dieser Zeit knüpfte Haug lebenslange Freundschaften mit Karl von Cleß; Emil Elben, seinem späteren Schwager und Redakteur des Schwäbischen Merkur; dem Namensvetter Haug, der zuletzt Pfarrer in Degerschlacht war; Karl Pfaff, dem schwäbischen Historiker sowie Friedrich Römer, dem württembergischen Märzminister.

Hofmeister bei den Söhnen des dänischen Kammerherrn von Buchwaldt
Nachdem Carl Friedrich Haug am 6. Juni 1817 in Stuttgart seine Examinalpredigt erfolgreich gehalten hatte, nahm er für zwei Jahre die Stelle eines Hofmeisters bei den Söhnen des dänischen Kammerherrn Buchwaldt in Seedorf in Holstein an.

Am 11. Juli 1817 begab sich Haug auf die Reise nach Holstein. Sein Weg führte ihn über Neustadt und Gundelsheim, meist zu Fuß, nach Heidelberg. Dort besuchte er Heinrich Paulus. Am 17. Juni erreichte Haug über Darmstadt Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt war die erste größere Stadt, die Haug kennenlernte. Er schreibt darüber: "Von allem, was ich seither gesehen habe, setze ich doch nichts über diese Stadt". Von Frankfurt führte Haugs Reise mit der Kutsche weiter über Marburg und Kassel nach Göttingen, wo er die Landsleute, den Bibliothekar Reuß, den Kirchenhistoriker Planck und den Theologen Karl Friedrich Stäudlin aufsuchte. Von Braunschweig gelangte Haug mit dem Postwagen nach Hamburg und von da am 29. Juni 1817, nach 18 Tage dauernder Reise, an den Ort seiner Bestimmung, das Anwesen der Familie des Kammerherrn Buchwaldt in Seedorf.

Repetentenstelle Evangelisches Stift Tübingen – Habilitation und Lehrstuhl für Universalgeschichte
Im Jahr 1819 wurde Carl Friedrich Haug auf eine Repetentenstelle am evangelischen Seminar zu Tübingen berufen. Nach seiner Habilitation erhielt Haug im Jahre 1821 einen Ruf als außerordentlicher Professor, und im Jahre 1829 als ordentlicher Professor auf den Lehrstuhl für Universalgeschichte an die Universität Tübingen, den er für 39 Jahre, bis zu seiner Emeritierung 1860, innehatte.

1822 kam es zu einem Eklat, da Carl Friedrich Haug in seiner Vorlesungsreihe über Universalgeschichte den Protestantismus gegenüber dem Katholizismus als überlegen darstellte, was dazu führte, dass Studenten des katholischen Wilhelmsstiftes in diesem Semester von Teilen der Haugschen Vorlesung befreit wurden. Nach andauernden Beschwerden der Studentenschaft des Wilhelmsstiftes und einem neuen Verfahren 1826, das ohne Sanktionen blieb, nahm das Wilhelmsstift Haugs Vorlesung 1831 ganz aus dem Studienplan seiner Studenten.

Im Studienjahr 1850/1851 war Carl Friedrich Haug Rektor der Universität Tübingen.

Veröffentlichungen (Auswahl)

 Anzeige der Feier des Geburtstags-Festes Seiner Majestät des Königs Wilhelm von Württemberg auf den 27. September 1831 … der Universität Tübingen. Mit einer historischen Untersuchung über die älteste Grafschaft Wirtenberg als Gaugrafschaft. Tübingen. Eifert, Tübingen 1831 (Digitalisat)
 (Hrsg.): Heinrich von Meßkirch; Konrad von Wurmlingen et alii:  Chronici Sindelfingensis quae supersunt e manuscriptis Crusianis et Gabelcoverianis collecta atque digesta. Tübingen 1836 (Digitalisat)
 Die allgemeine Geschichte: Allgemeine Geschichte der alten Welt.  Band 1, Liesching, Stuttgart 1841 (Digitalisat)
 Familiengeschichten aus dem Nachlass von Karl Friedrich Haug. Mit d. Bildn. Haugs u. 5 Stammtafeln, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1886 ()

Literatur
Eberhard E. von Georgii-Georgenau. Biographisch-Genealogische Blätter. Aus und über Schwaben. Druck und Verlag von Emil Müller, Stuttgart 1879. Neben anderen Vorfahren von Karl Friedrich Haug sind in dem Werk von E. E. von Georgii-Georgenau, die Biographien der Familien Andreae, S. 1 f., Bengel, S. 42 f., Brenz, S. 72 f., Eisenmenger, S. 152 f., Etc., verzeichnet.
 Carl Friedrich Haug. Mittheilungen aus seinem Leben und aus seinem Nachlasse. Für die Verwandten und Freunde als Manuskript gedruckt. Metzler, Stuttgart 1869 (Digitalisat).

 Karl Riecke: Altwirtembergisches aus Familienpapieren zum Besten des Lutherstifts, einer Erziehungsanstalt für Pfarrersöhne. Mit dem Bilde von Carl Friedrich Haug. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1886, S. 18–21 (Digitalisat).
 Karl Riecke: Familiengeschichten aus dem Nachlaß von Carl Friedrich Haug. Mit dem Bilde Haugs und 5 Stammtafeln. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1886.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Historiker
Lutherischer Theologe (19. Jahrhundert)
Hochschullehrer (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen)
Absolvent der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
Rektor (Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen)
Württemberger
Deutscher
Geboren 1795
Gestorben 1869
Mann

Carl Friedrich Haug (Historiker)


Papa Stour () is one of the Shetland Islands in Scotland, with a population of under fifteen people, some of whom immigrated after an appeal for residents in the 1970s. Located to the west of mainland Shetland and with an area of 828 hectares (3.2 square miles), Papa Stour is the eighth largest island in Shetland. Erosion of the soft volcanic rocks by the sea has created an extraordinary variety of caves, stacks, arches, blowholes, and cliffs. The island and its surrounding seas harbour diverse populations of wildlife. The west side of the island is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and the seas around the island are a Special Area of Conservation.

The island has several Neolithic burial chamber sites, as well as the remains of Duke Hakon's 13th-century house dating from the Norse occupation of the island. The population reached 380 or more in the nineteenth century, when a fishing station was opened at Crabbaberry in West Voe. Subsequently, there was a steady decline in population.

Today the main settlement on the island is Biggings, just to the east of which is Housa Voe from where the Snolda ferry arrives from its base at West Burrafirth on the Shetland Mainland. Crofting, especially sheep rearing, is the mainstay of island life.

Numerous shipwrecks have occurred around the coast, and the celebrated poem Da Sang o da Papa Men by Vagaland recalls the drama of the days when Papa Stour was a centre for deep-sea fishing.

Geography

Papa Stour is located at the south western end of St Magnus Bay.  of rugged coastline is indented by numerous small embayments and four larger 'voes'. Hamna Voe (Old Norse: 'harbour bay') in the south is the most sheltered anchorage and the surrounding cliffs contain a natural rock arch. Housa Voe to the east (Old Norse: 'house bay') is less secluded but is the main harbour for the island and the ferry's embarkation point.

Brei Holm and Maiden Stack guard the harbour entrance to the south. The former is a tidal island and was a leper colony until the 18th century (although it has been suggested that many of the "lepers" there were suffering from a vitamin deficiency rather than leprosy). The latter's name relates to a story from the 14th century. Lord Thorvald Thoresson is said to have constructed the tiny house at its top, whose ruins are still visible, in order to "preserve" his daughter from men. Unfortunately for his plans, when she left she was found to be pregnant; in another version of the story, she and her fisherman sweetheart successfully eloped. West Voe, the inner part of which is called 'Robies Noust' is the main voe in the north coast, the smaller Culla Voe lying immediately to the west.

The main settlement on the island today is Biggings, which overlooks Housa Voe and is surrounded by in-bye land to the east of the hill dyke (which runs south from West Voe). To the west the island is bisected by a belt of glacial moraine about one and a half kilometres in length. Much of the rest of the area consists of a shallow stony soil that may be derived from glacial till. There is an almost complete absence of peat on the island and due to the volcanic rocks the soils are relatively fertile. The lack of peat led to 'turf scalping' for fuel and the bare areas of rock in the interior.

The highest point on the island is in the north west at Virda Field, which rises to . Virda is possibly from the Old Norse for 'heap of stones'.

List of outliers

In addition to the larger islets mentioned above there are various other isles and skerries around the coast of Papa Stour. They include: Aesha Stack, Boinna Skerry, Borse Skerry, Fogla Skerry, Forewick Holm, Galti Stacks, Holm of Melby, Koda Skerry, Lyra Skerry, Skerries of Quidaness, Skerry of Lambaness, Sula Stack, Swat Skerry, The Horn, Tiptans Skerry and Wilma Skerry. The Ve Skerries lie  to the north west. They include: Helliogoblo, North Skerry, Ormal, Reaverack and The Clubb. In between Papa Stour and Ve Skerries lies the shallow bank of Papa-rof.

On 21 June 2008, Stuart Hill (AKA Captain Calamity) made a claim to the  island of Forewick Holm (which he calls "Forvik Island"). On the basis of a marriage arrangement between King Christian of Norway and King James III of Scotland that dates to 1468, Hill argued that the island should be considered a British crown dependency, and thus not a part of the United Kingdom or of the European Union. This claim was not recognised by the United Kingdom.

Geology
The island is composed of a variety of volcanic and sedimentary rock formations from the Devonian period. At that time the Scottish landmass formed part of the Old Red Sandstone Continent and lay some 10-25 degrees south of the equator. The accumulations of Old Red Sandstone, laid down from 408 to 370 million years ago, were created as earlier Silurian rocks, uplifted by the formation of Pangaea, eroded and then were deposited into river deltas. The freshwater Lake Orcadie existed on the edges of the eroding mountains, stretching from Shetland to the southern Moray Firth. The structure of Papa Stour is largely made up of ashes and lavas from volcanic activity associated with this period, including bands of solidified volcanic ash and lava (rhyolite), but there is also a Devonian fish bed at Lamba Banks. There are numerous large boulders deposited by Pleistocene glaciation.

Erosion of the soft volcanic rocks by the sea has created an extraordinary variety of caves, stacks, arches, blowholes, cliffs, voes and geos that are amongst the finest in Britain. The 'Hol o' Bordie' is a cave that passes right through the north-west tip of the island. It is 300 metres long and wide enough to row through. Kirstan (or Christie's) Hole in the south west is another spectacular cave, part of the roof of which collapsed in 1981. Yet another is 'Francie's Hole' close to Hamna Voe in the west. This was the favourite of John Tudor who wrote of the island in his Victorian memoirs and described the cave as:
...in fairyland, so exquisite is the colouring of the roof and sides and so pellucid is the water... [with] alcoves or recesses like stalls in a church.

In 1953 the spectacular headland, 'Da Horn o Papa' fell into the sea during a storm. The nearby islet of Brei Holm also has caves that can be accessed by small boats when conditions permit.

Ecology

Otters, grey seals, killer whales and harbour porpoises are frequently seen on and around Papa Stour. Atlantic puffin, Arctic and common tern, bonxie and Arctic skua, northern fulmar, common guillemot, razorbill, curlew, wheatear, ringed plover and great black-backed gull all breed on the island, and numerous migratory species have been recorded.

There is a profusion of wild flowers, including mountain everlasting, spring squill and eyebright as well as the ubiquitous heather. The west side of the island is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and the seas around Papa Stour are a Special Area of Conservation. The traditional Shetland Pony is still bred.

History and archaeology
Human settlement of the island dates from circa 3000 BC and there are remains of several Neolithic burial chambers known as 'heel-shaped cairns'. Little is known of the pre-Celtic and Celtic eras, but when the Norse arrived it is likely they found a religious settlement as the name of the island derives from Papey Stóra meaning "Big island of the Papar" (Celtic monks), in distinction to Papa Little some  to the west.

Norse period
Papa Stour is the subject of a 1299 manuscript written in Old Norse, which is the oldest surviving document from Shetland. It deals with a dramatic incident in the house of Duke Hakon Magnusson, who was later to become King Hakon V of Norway. There is a circle of stones near the beach at Housa Voe, which are the remains of a 'ting', or local assembly. This was the scene of a duel, fought and won by Lord Thorvald Thoresson, who was accused of corruption in the 1299 document and was later called 'dominus de Papay'. (The story of his unfortunate daughter is referred to above.) The remains of Duke Hakon's thirteenth-century house are still visible near Housa Voe.

Scots rule and fishing

In 1469 Shetland came under nominal Scottish control, although the Norse 'Lairds of Norway' kept their Papa Stour estates until the 17th century. In the 16th century merchants from Bremen and Hamburg were operating a summer trading booth to buy fish from the local fleet. By the 18th century, two Scottish lairds, Thomas Gifford of Busta, and Arthur Nicolson of Lerwick, owned the island. They maintained a prosperous Haaf (Old Norse: 'deep sea') fishing industry, undertaken in the summer months using six-oared boats known as sixareens.

In addition to the leper colony on Brei Holm there may have been another at Hilla Fielle overlooking Hamna Voe. A recent archaeological survey was inconclusive but suggests the site may be much older than the supposed 18th century colony.

The island church, which overlooks Kirk Sand in the bay of Fore Wick, was founded in 1806. 300 metres from the present church there may be an older chapel site of Sneeans or Snøyans on the headland between the west end of Kirk Sand and the bay of Tusselby. It is called the 'ald kirk' by locals and referred to by the Ordnance Survey as "the site of a Romish chapel belonging to about the twelfth century". There is a tradition that the work there was interfered with by supernatural powers and that each day's work on the building was destroyed during the night. Eventually the cornerstones were moved overnight by these unearthly agencies to the present site of the church and work was re-commenced there successfully. Excavations in 2004 found little besides large blocks of rhyolite and a piece of whalebone rib, suggesting that the oral tradition may have some truth to it.

In the 19th century the Crabbaberry fishing station in West Voe was opened and the island had a population of 360 people or more. However, fuel shortages and a decline in fishing due to the introduction of steam drifters saw a fall in population from the 1870s on. At this time another duel entered the history of Papa Stour. Edwin Lindsay, an Indian army officer and the son of the 6th Earl of Balcarres, was declared insane and sent to the island in disgrace after refusing to fight in one. He spent 26 years as a prisoner before the Quaker preacher Catherine Watson arranged for his release in 1835. Lindsay's Well is a spring at the south of the island where he was allowed to bathe.

There are good examples of horizontal water mills, also known as Norse or Clack Mills, around Dutch Loch. Originally these were two story buildings with turf roofs, built into banks to give access to the upper floor where the mill-stone was sited. Inside the building there was a fixed lower millstone, and a rotating upper millstone driven by the water falling onto the paddles below. Some were still in use on Papa Stour in the early years of the 20th century, and there is still a working example of one of these mills on the Burn of Clumlie, at Troswick in the south Mainland of Shetland.

20th and 21st centuries

In common with many small Scottish islands, Papa Stour's population peaked in the 19th century and has experienced a significant decline since then (see e.g. Mingulay). By 1970 the island school had closed and the population had declined to sixteen 'fairly elderly' residents, but an advertisement in Exchange and Mart reversed the decline. A croft and five sheep were offered free of charge to incomers which brought a flood of applicants. By 1981 the census recorded a population of 33. However, by 2005 the population had fallen to 20 after serious discord between islanders led to several court cases. A number of people left the island and the school closed. By early 2008 the population had dropped to just nine after a family of seven left. The 2011 census recorded a usually resident population of 15 – during the decade 2001–2011 Scottish island populations as a whole grew by 4% to 103,702.

Overview of population trends

Shipwrecks
The coasts around Papa Stour have claimed numerous wrecks. In Hamnavoe, Tiptans Skerry alone has sunk Dutch, French, German and Norwegian ships.

The Aberdeen trawler Ben Doran A178, foundered on the Ve Skerries 3 miles northwest of Papa Stour, on the evening of 28 March 1930 while on her way to the village of Scalloway to land her catch. When she grounded weather conditions were fairly good but it was not until the following day that a passing trawler saw, and reported the wreck. By the time that various rescue attempts were launched by the coastguard and local volunteers (there being no lifeboat in Shetland at that time), weather conditions had deteriorated to the point where it was impossible to approach the skerries. A request had been made for the Stromness lifeboat from Orkney, only 120 miles away, to launch, but the request was made too late to be of help. All 9 crew perished in the wreck. Only 3 bodies were recovered, that of James Mitchell, which was returned to Aberdeen, and the bodies of J. Cormack and J.R. Insh, which were buried in Scalloway.

The cargo ship SS Highcliffe ran aground in fog on Forewick Holm in February 1940. On this occasion the conditions were clement and only the ship and cargo were lost. In 1967 the Aberdeen trawler Juniper ran aground in Lyra Sound at the bottom of the  cliffs. The 12 man crew were rescued by the Aith lifeboat, the coxswain being awarded the RNLI silver medal for this rescue.

Another shipwreck occurred on 9 December 1977 when the Aberdeen trawler Elinor Viking A278, skipper Alec Flett, foundered on the Ve Skerries. The Aith Lifeboat came to the scene but was unable to get near enough to rescue the crew because of the sea conditions. At the request of Alec Webster, Coastguard Station Officer, Lerwick, a volunteer crew in a British Airways Sikorsky S61N helicopter from Sumburgh Airport was scrambled. They managed to winch all the boat's crew to safety within hours of the grounding, despite the storm force winds. The helicopter crew later received a number of awards for bravery. There was no loss of life, but this incident prompted the building of a lighthouse on the skerries in 1979, and may also have been the example required for the formation of the present Search and Rescue helicopter unit, based at Sumburgh Airport.

Economy & Transport

Crofting is the mainstay of island life. Sheep form the backbone of the agricultural economy but a diversity livestock are kept, including cattle, pigs, goats, chickens, ducks and geese. Vegetable are grown too, often in the shelter of circular walls, such plots being known as 'planti crubs' – these were originally used to propagate kale (cabbage) seedlings and were built well away from other buildings where they would be safe from mice. The seedlings would then be transplanted to kaleyards (gardens) near the houses. Fishing is still conducted but on a relatively small scale. There is a post office at the pier, but no shop. Mains electricity only came to the island at the close of the twentieth century. The Papa Stour Project is a Christian supported housing service offering accommodation to men with drug and alcohol issues. Ferries now sail across the Sound of Papa to West Burrafirth on the Shetland Mainland. The crossing takes 45 minutes, and although the Snolda carries cars, there is only one short road on the island. For visiting yachts the four main voes provide good shelter, but the strong tides in both the Sound of Papa and to the north west require considerable care.

Airstrip

Culture and the arts
The Papa Stour sword dance may be of Norse origin and bears similarities to the long sword dance of the north east of England. A description of the dance appears in The Pirate by Sir Walter Scott.

The writer and journalist John Sands lived on Papa Stour and Foula for a while during the late nineteenth century. The writer, folklorist and musician, George P. S. Peterson was brought up on Papa Stour.

It is also the 'Papa' of Vagaland's poem Da Sang o da Papa men, now adopted as part of the folksong tradition, as set to music by T.M.Y. Manson. The insistent chorus chant, 'Rowin Foula Doon!', is particularly striking.

"Oot bewast da Horn o Papa,
Rowin Foula doon!
Owir a hidden piece o water,
Rowin Foula doon!
Roond da boat da tide-lumps makkin,
Sunlicht trowe da cloods is brakkin;
We maan geng whaar fish is takkin,
Rowin Foula doon!"

"Rowin Foula doon!" refers to the fishermens' practice of rowing their open fishing boat out to sea until the high cliffs of Foula were no longer visible. This entailed the boat being some  west of Papa Stour. The 'tide-lumps' are increased swells of unusual size due to the combined action of wind against tide. The resonant final image of the piece is of the fishermen being led back home to Papa by the 'scent o flooers' across the water. This is an example of Vagaland's ability to create a vivid sensual impression of a situation. An extra layer of meaning is added by the knowledge that Da Horn o Papa collapsed in a storm around the time of this poem's composition, so that it is a tribute not just to a lost way of life, but a noted geographical feature.

See also

 List of islands of Scotland
 List of Shetland islands
 Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange who was held captive on St Kilda.
 Papa, Scotland

Footnotes

Further reading

 Johnston, Alfred Wintle (1912) The Sword Dance, Papa Stour, Shetland, and Four Shetland Airs. The Viking Club Society for Northern Research.
 Monumental Inscriptions: Parish of Sandness (Including Island of Papa Stour). (2002) Monumental inscriptions Bk. 24. Shetland Family History Society.
 Peterson, George (1965) Hairst Blinks Ower Papa. Shetland Times. A book of verse.

External links
Review of book on the 1299 manuscript
Photos and Information on Papa Stour as gathered by Conrad
Papa Stour – History and detailed map
Papa Stour – Area Guide
Papa Stour, The Papar Project
Shetland Museum. The archives include images of Da Horn o Papa before its collapse.
A web diary about life on Papa Stour today

Islands of Shetland
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Shetland
Blowholes
Fishing communities in Scotland
Volcanism of Scotland
Devonian volcanism
Underwater diving sites in Scotland

Papa Stour


An Vriesea silva-petrea in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Edmundo Pereira ngan Raulino Reitz. An Vriesea silva-petrea in nahilalakip ha genus nga Vriesea, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Vriesea

Vriesea silva-petrea


Bu madde MS 9 yılı içindir.

Olaylar

Doğumlar
 17 Kasım - Vespasian, Roma İmparatoru (ö. 79)

Ölümler
 Publius Quinctilius Varus, İmparator Augustus'un komutası altın görev yapan Romalı devlet adamı ve general (d. MÖ 46)

als:0er#Johr 9

9


Zoran Milosević (Sârbă chirilică: Зopaн Mилошевић ; n. 23 noiembrie 1975, Belgrad) este un fost fotbalist sârb, care a evoluat pe postul de fundaș central. Acesta a evoluat în Serbia și Coreea de Sud înainte de a ajunge în Cipru, la AEK Larnaca, de unde a ajuns în România, unde și-a petrecut ultimele 4 sezoane ale carierei, la CFR Cluj și FC Argeș.

Palmares
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Cupa FA Coreea: 2000
FC Argeș Pitești
Liga a II-a: 2007-2008

Legături externe
 Profil pe srbijafudbal
 Profil pe RomanianSoccer

Fotbaliști sârbi
Sportivi sârbi în viață
Fotbaliști ai FC Argeș Pitești
Fotbaliști ai CFR Cluj

Zoran Milošević


Oberlausitzer Heide- und Teichlandschaft steht für:

 Biosphärenreservat Oberlausitzer Heide- und Teichlandschaft, siehe dort auch zum gleichnamigen Naturschutzgebiet und FFH-Gebiet
 Oberlausitzer Heide- und Teichgebiet, ein Naturraum in Sachsen


කැස්පියන් මුහුද (), යනු ලොව ඇති විශාලතම ගොඩබිමින් වටවූ ජලය සහිත ප්‍රදේශයයි.

ආශ්‍රිත
 වොල්ගා නදිය

මූලාශ්‍ර

භාහිර සබැඳි

කැස්පියන් මුහුද

කැස්පියන් මුහුද


ලංකා බැංකුවේ විශ්‍රාම සංගමය -පුත්තලම් දිස්ත්‍රික්ක ශාකාව
දැනට මෙම සංගමය පිහිටුවා වසර 16 ක් ගෙවී ගොස්ය .එනම් 2007 වසරේදී ය .

දැනට සංගමයේ සාමාජික සංක්‍යාව 265කි.

ශාස්ත්‍රීය සංග්‍රහය


İkincil gözetim radarı ya da kısaca ikincil radar (SSR), hava taşıtlarının konumunu tespit etmenin yanı sıra taşıttaki transponder veya IFF ile haberleşebilen ve çeşitli verileri derleyip ATC ünitesine ileten gelişmiş radar sistemi. SSR kısaltması İngilizce secondary surveillance radar kavramının akronimidir.

Çalışma sistemi
Hedeflerin tanınması için aktif olarak birlikte çalışmak gerekmesi nedeniyle ikincil ve birincil radar yöntemleri bağlaşık işletilir. Birlikte çalışma mevcut değilse ikincil radarda hedef tanımak mümkün olmaz.

Klasik radar (birincil radar ) ile havadaki uçakların konumu belirlenebilir, fakat bunların yansıyan sinyallerinden bir dost ya da düşman uçağı olup olmadığını anlaşılamaz. Bu bilgi şöyle bir düzenleme ile alınabilir; uçaktaki transpondere bir sorgulama sinyali yollanır ve bu sinyal özel bir kodla transponder tarafından tetiklenerek yeniden radara yollanır. Gelen yanıt doğrudan ekranda görüntülenebilir ya da özel bir ekranda okunabilir.

Bu aslında aynı zamanda pilotla radyo bağlantısı vasıtasıyla belirli bir teknik veri alışverişinin yapıldığı bir iletişim yöntemidir. Fakat uçaklarının yeri belirlenirken aynı zamanda sinyal sürelerinin ölçümü de yapıldığından, sistem, sadece tarihsel nedenlerle bir bütün olarak "radar" olarak adlandırılır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
Radar Temelleri

Radar

İkincil radar


Skálholtsbók (Skálholtsbogen), Reykjavík, AM 557 4to er et islandsk sagamanuskript. Den bevarede version er i fragmenter: tre samlinger af otte sider og tyve individuelle sider er gået tabt, og kun 48 sider er tilbage. Ikke desto mindre indeholder det hele Valdimars saga, Gunnlaugs Ormstunges saga, Hallfreðar saga vandræðaskálds, Hrafns saga Sveinbjarnarsonar, Eiríks saga rauða (komplet), Rögnvalds þáttur og Rauðs (komplet), Dámusta saga, Hróa þáttur heimska, Eiríks saga víðförla, Stúfs saga (komplet), Karls þáttur vesæla (komplet) og Sveinka þáttur. Den er givetvis skrevet af Ólafur Loftsson (død ca. 1458), søn af Loftur ríki Guttormsson, i den nordlige del af Island omkring 1420.

Referencer

Nordiske sagaer
Litteratur fra Island

Skálholtsbók


Shadow Ops: Red Mercury is a 2004 first-person shooter video game developed by Zombie Studios and published by Atari. It was released on the Xbox for the United States on June 15, 2004, and on June 18, 2004, for parts of the world using the PAL system. It was later released for Microsoft Windows in the United States on September 21, 2004, and on October 1, 2004 for parts of the world using the PAL system.

Tommo purchased the rights to this game and digitally published it through its Retroism brand in 2015.

Gameplay
Shadow Ops: Red Mercury is an action-oriented first person shooter based on modern military weapons and equipment, although presented as a "summer action movie" rather than a hardcore realistic military simulation. It is similar in feel to the Call of Duty: Modern Warfare series, although it pre-dates the first game in that series by 3 years. Players proceed through linear levels while battling terrorists and hostile Russian soldiers, using an assortment of modern firearms.

Like many games from the time period, Shadow Ops: Red Mercury does not have regenerating health, with the player instead relying on health pickups found throughout each mission. At the beginning of each mission, the player is assigned 3 weapons (typically a sidearm, an assault rifle, and a special weapon such as a shotgun, sniper rifle, or light machine gun) and cannot obtain different weapons during the mission. The player can aim down their weapon's sights for increased accuracy (presented with a stylized zoom, the player relies on the crosshair and does not truly aim down the weapon's iron sights, although telescopic sights are utilized correctly from a first-person perspective); while aiming down sights the player is unable to move, but can lean in order to fire around corners or over cover. Combat options include firing the player's held weapon, throwing grenades, and melee attacks utilizing the butt of their firearm. One unique gameplay element is the ability to roll grenades along the floor, instead of simply throwing them through the air.

The game does not feature either a manual saving or a checkpoint saving system, meaning each individual level must be completed from beginning to end. However, completed levels can be re-visited at any time from the level selection menu.

Plot
The player takes the role of Captain Frank Hayden, an elite Delta Force operative and the former leader of Black Saber, the President's personal black bag unit. Hayden and his team are attempting to recover a briefcase nuclear bomb code named "Red Mercury" from terrorist mercenary Vladimir Styanovich, known by his Nom de guerre "Vlady the Vicious", who is operating out of a coastal Syrian town. The team's Black Hawk is shot down immediately upon insertion, and they fight their way through the streets in pursuit of Vlady. Hayden is too late to stop Vlady from escaping via helicopter, but manages to damage the helicopter's rotors with small arms fire. Vlady, escaping over the ocean, states he is nobody's martyr, and attempts to disarm the nuke and "re-evaluate". To his dismay, the bomb rearms itself seconds later. Vlady leaves the bomb on the helicopter and leaps into the ocean in a futile attempt to escape the blast. The blast wave from the nuke kills Vlady and capsizes the U.S. aircraft carrier which had been Hayden's base of operations, as well as destroying the helicopter sent to extract Hayden's team, knocking them unconscious.

The plot then moves to 72 hours earlier, with Hayden and his team on a mission in the Congo jungle to destroy a cache of Stinger missiles being used by local guerillas to shoot down American supply planes. After the successful completion of the mission, Hayden is picked up by Central Intelligence Agency agent Kate Daniels and Russian Foreign Intelligence Service agent Yuri Entropov, who recruit him for a mission. They have information that Vlady has prepared to purchase a Red Mercury bomb from a Russian research facility in Kazakhstan, and want Hayden to infiltrate the facility and eliminate Vlady and the Red Mercury bomb. Yuri mentions he has an agent on the inside who has provided this information. Hayden HALO jumps into the area and sneaks into the facility, where he witnesses the deal between Vlady and the facility's chief scientist. He recognizes Vlady as Wesley Holden, a former member of Black Saber who lost an arm on a past mission and holds a grudge against Hayden as a result. Instead of the agreed payment, Vlady kills the scientist and escapes with the bomb. Hayden is too late to stop him, and discovers that Yuri's inside agent is Galena, a Russian spy who has a tumultuous past romantic history with Hayden.

Back at base, Kate is furious at Vlady's escape, while Hayden reveals Vlady's true identity as an American special forces operative. He learns that Vlady has, not one, but two Red Mercury bombs. Galena reveals that the Red Mercury bombs can only be armed through a chemical process known only to a scientist named Boris in Chechnya. Hayden and his team travel to Chechnya to stop Vlady, but are once again too late. Vlady has Boris arm the bombs, then kills him and escapes, leaving behind a boobytrap for Hayden. Hayden next pursues Vlady onto a Lebanese freighter, but is yet again unable to prevent Vlady's escape. However, he learns that Vlady is heading to Syria, and pursues him there.

The plot then returns to the opening mission, and proceeds as before up to the detonation of the Red Mercury bomb. In the aftermath of the nuclear explosion, Hayden regains consciousness just as he is being retrieved by the captain of the aircraft carrier, who informs him that his team has been killed, and that Yuri and Galena have possession of the second Red Mercury bomb and are on their way to the G8 summit in Paris, France, while Kate also left the carrier to pursue them. Hayden realizes that Vlady was just a distraction for Yuri and Galena's plot to assassinate the G8 world leaders.

Pursuing them onto a high speed train bound for France, Hayden discovers that Galena is a hostage, and that Kate is the mastermind behind the plot to kill the world leaders, with Yuri as her partner. Yuri declares his motives as allowing Russia to regain her former glory, but is abruptly killed by Kate, who indicates their motives are not the same. Kate simply wants to "shake things up" by killing the world leaders, whom she views as ineffectual and corrupt, and reset the world back to its roots. Hayden and Galena set out to stop her, with Hayden fighting his way alongside French RAID officers through Paris under siege from Kate's elite Russian troopers. Hayden confronts Kate in a climactic showdown on top of the Eiffel Tower, with Kate attacking from a circling attack helicopter. Kate is eventually struck by gunfire and falls from the helicopter to her death, dropping the Red Mercury bomb. Galena shows up to try and disarm the bomb; she succeeds in disabling the nuclear element, but the conventional explosives will still go off. Hayden and Galena escape to the bottom of the tower just as the bomb explodes at the top. The two of them share a kiss as a crowd of Parisians cheers them on.

Reception
Shadow Ops: Red Mercury received "mixed or average" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic.

References

External links

2004 video games
Atari games
First-person shooters
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Tommo games
Unreal Engine games
Video games about bomb disposal
Video games about Delta Force
Video games developed in the United States
Video games scored by Inon Zur
Windows games
Xbox games
Zombie Studios games

Shadow Ops: Red Mercury


Retten i Helsingør er en byret i Helsingør. Retskredsen for retten dækker de fire kommuner, Helsingør, Gribskov, Fredensborg og Hørsholm Kommune.

Retten har (pr. 2018) én retspræsident og seks dommere.

Retten i Helsingør havde tidligere til huse i det centrale Helsingør, men flyttede i forbindelse med domstolsreformen til bygninger beliggende Prøvestensvej 50, lidt syd for Helsingør by. De nuværende bygninger blev tidligere anvendt som haller af en bilimportør, men blev ombygget efter tegninger af arkitektfirmaet Kasper Danielsen til at rumme ni retssale.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Retten i Helsingør

Helsingør
Helsingør

Retten i Helsingør


F-22 é uma série de jogos eletrônicos do gênero de simulador de combate aéreo produzido pela Novalogic entre os anos de 1996 e 1999 onde o jogador assume o comando de um avião caça Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor em missões militares. O jogo utiliza o mesmo motor usado nos jogos da série Comanche.

Jogos da série

Ver também
 Comanche (série de jogos eletrônicos)
 Delta Force (série de jogos eletrônicos)
 Jetfighter (série de jogos eletrônicos)

Séries de jogos eletrônicos

F-22 (série de jogos eletrônicos)


Taransay (, ) is an island in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. It was the host of the British television series Castaway 2000. Uninhabited since 1974, except for holidaymakers, Taransay is the largest Scottish island without a permanent population.  It is one hectare larger than Scarba, which is also uninhabited.

Geography
Taransay lies  from Harris, separated by a stretch of sea called the Sound of Taransay. It is also part of the civil parish of Harris and the Na h-Eileanan Siar council area of Scotland. Crossings between the two islands are dependent on calm weather and there are no harbours for large boats on Taransay or the west coast of Harris. Taransay is  long, and, at its widest point,  across, with an area of .

Taransay is made up of two  heather-covered hills connected by a white sandy isthmus in the south of the island. It overlooks the bays of Luskyntyre and Seilibost bay to the east, with the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The bays are bordered with sandy beaches and machair dunes. The area is mostly gneiss, with granite veins. The highest point of the island is Ben Raah (Beinn Ra) at .

Wildlife
The island hosts a variety of birds, but other vertebrate wildlife is limited to red deer and mice. In 2003–2004, the population of American mink on the island was the subject of an eradication programme in order to protect the rare ground-nesting birds. Taransay is however, noted for its flora, with an abundance of wildflowers growing on the island's machair grasslands.

History

The Isle of Taransay was inhabited as early as 300 AD, and probably considerably earlier. Originally home to Celtic pagans, Christianity     was established on Taransay around 650 AD. In 900 AD, Taransay was taken over by Vikings when they invaded Scotland. 1544 saw the Massacre of Taransay by the Morrisons of Lewis. Inhabitants from the island of Berneray retaliated against this, forcing the Morrisons to retreat to a rock where they were executed. The rock was later called Sgeir Bhuailte, meaning "smitten rock".

In 1549, Donald Monro wrote of "Tarandsay" that it was:
ane ile of five myle lange, and haffe myle braid, ane rough ile, with certain tounis, weil inhabit and manurit; bot all this fertill is delved with spaides, excepting sa meikell as ane horse pleuch will teill, and yet they have maist abundance of beir, meikel of corn, store, and fishing. It pertains to M'Cloyd of Harrey.

Taransay was once made up of three villages; Raa, Uidh, and Paible (Paibeil). Rent increases in 1835 caused a large decrease in the population of Taransay, made worse in 1883 by new orders that cotter households were no longer allowed to keep livestock or grow neither oats nor barley. The island was abandoned in 1942, and then re-inhabited. In 1961 there was only one family of five, the MacRaes living in the village of Paible, who departed in 1974. Taransay remained uninhabited until 2000 when the island was revived  to host the television programme Castaway 2000. During the uninhabited years, the island had been used as a sheep-farm, run from the Harris mainland.

Evidence that Vikings settled on the island can be derived from its name, as the word is an Old Norse translation of "the Isle of Taran". The island was most probably named after the Irish Saint Ternan (also known as Taran or Torannan, see also Taranis), although another theory, reported by Saint Adomnan of Iona, suggests that Taran may have been the son of a Noble Pictish family.

The village of Paible had two ancient chapels; the chapel of Saint Taran and the chapel of Saint Keith. The former was used for the burial of women, and the latter for men. A traditional myth on the island suggests that if this was reversed, the dead would rise and the bodies would be disinterred.  The remains of Saint Keith's chapel can still be identified on the ground, but the site of Saint Taran's was destroyed by coastal erosion sometime in the late 1970s.

The island was bought in 1967 by John MacKay, for £11,000. In 2011 his sons Angus and Norman MacKay (then the owners) of neighbouring Harris, placed the island up for sale for £2.2 million. Having visited the island several times after the series "Castaway" finished, including spending his honeymoon there, Ben Fogle expressed an interest in purchasing the island in order to turn it into a wildlife reserve, but he was unsuccessful.  The island was sold to Adam and Cathra Kelliher, the owners of Borve Lodge Estate on Harris. The family have an association with Harris, since Cathra's father, Dr David Horrobin, purchased Borve Lodge in 1985.

Castaway

Taransay became well known following the BBC show Castaway. The show featured a group of 36 people marooned on the island for a year starting 1 January 2000. Castaway was broadcast internationally, including to audiences in Germany, America, Canada, Denmark, Australia and New Zealand. The show reached nine million viewers at its peak. The cast was made up of volunteers selected from 4,000 applicants. They lived in temporary accommodation built especially for the show, known as 'pods', which were based in the former village of Paible. Existing buildings on the island included a farmhouse, also called the Mackay house, and a school chalet; both were renovated for the show. Since 2004 these have been available as self-catering holiday cottages for tourist use. According to the BBC website, the project aimed to "create a new society for the new millennium".

Unlike the original inhabitants of the island, the "castaways" had access to electricity and a water supply, as well as limited modern conveniences. Of the 36 who joined the show, 29 remained on the island for the whole year, including Ben Fogle who went on to be a presenter for several BBC shows, including Countryfile. The show was reported to be a social experiment, focusing on how this group would form a community.

The pods where the "castaways" lived were inhabited for a year on Taransay and then de-constructed, flat packed and moved to number of locations around Scotland including the island of Muck and Cove Park Arts Centre on the Rosneath peninsula.

From 2001, when the Castaway show ended, Taransay has been a tourist resort, with the buildings being let as holiday accommodation, and boat trips to the island.

Castaway 2007 was a semi-related follow-up to Castaway 2000. However it was based on the considerably warmer Great Barrier Island, located 90 km north-east of central Auckland in New Zealand.

In 2008, BBC Two broadcast a new 5-part series titled Return to... Castaway.

The Rocket Post
A fictionalised account of a 1934 experiment by German inventor Gerhard Zucker to provide a postal service to the island of Scarp by rocket mail formed the basis of a 2001 film called The Rocket Post, which was filmed on Taransay.

See also

 List of islands of Scotland

Notes

References

External links

The Isle of Taransay: A Harris island in its historical setting. Lawson, Bill (1997). Bill Lawson Publications. .
 Information for visitors to the island

Islands off Lewis and Harris
BBC Television
Uninhabited islands of the Outer Hebrides

Taransay


Golly é uma ferramenta para simulação de autômatos celulares . É um software de código aberto gratuito escrito por Andrew Trevorrow e Tomas Rokicki; ele pode ser programado usando Lua  ou Python . Inclui um algoritmo hashlife que pode simular o comportamento de padrões muito grandes ou repetitivos, como a máquina de Turing universal Life de Paul Rendell, e que é rápido o suficiente para simular alguns padrões para 2 32 ou mais unidades de tempo. Também inclui uma grande biblioteca de padrões definidos no Jogo da Vida de Conway e outras regras.

Ligações externas

Lua (linguagem de programação)
Autômatos celulares
Software que usa wxWidgets
Jogo da vida
John Horton Conway
Software livre multiplataforma

Golly


Die Bischöfliche Katholische Universität Valencia "Sankt Vinzenz der Märtyrer" (spanisch Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir; valencianisch Universitat Catòlica de València San Vicente Mártir; Abk. UCV) ist eine private Universität in römisch-katholischer Trägerschaft mit Sitz in Valencia, Spanien.

Hochschule
Die Hochschule wurde von Erzbischof Agustín García-Gasco Vicente am 8. Dezember 2003 mit staatlicher Anerkennung gegründet. Namensgeber ist der Märtyrer Vinzenz von Valencia. Vorläufer der Hochschule war die Pädagogische Hochschule Edetania (* 1969) und die Edetania-Stiftung (* 1974) sowie eine vertragliche Vereinbarung zwischen dem Erzbischof von Valencia Miguel Roca Cabanellas und der Universität Valencia aus dem Jahre 1979.  Großkanzler ist derzeit Antonio Kardinal Cañizares Llovera, Erzbischof von Valencia.

Die Hochschule bietet Bachelor-, Master- und PhD-Abschlüsse in Aus- und Weiterbildung an.

Fakultäten
 Fakultät für Bildung und Sport
 Fakultät für Psychologie und Gesundheitswissenschaften
 Fakultät für Soziologie und Geisteswissenschaften
 Fakultät für experimentelle Wissenschaften
 Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften
 Medizinische Fakultät
 Fakultät für Sozialwissenschaften und Recht
sowie
 Schule für Krankenpflege

Siehe auch
Liste der Universitäten in Spanien

Weblinks

 Website der Katholischen Universität Valencia UCV

Einzelnachweise

Universität in der Valencianischen Gemeinschaft
Bildung und Forschung in Valencia
Katholische Universität
Valencia
Gegründet 2003
Vinzenz von Valencia als Namensgeber
Organisation (Valencia)
Religion (Valencia)

Katholische Universität Valencia Sankt Vinzenz der Märtyrer


El 34.º Regimiento Antiaéreo de Fortificación (34. Festungs-Flak-Regiment (v)) fue una unidad de la Luftwaffe durante el Tercer Reich y la Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Historia
Formado el 26 de agosto de 1939 en Espira, a partir del 34.º Batallón de Fortificación Antiaérea. El 15 de julio de 1941 es redesignado como el 89.º Regimiento Antiaéreo:

1.º Escuadrón/89.º Regimiento Antiaéreo como el 2.º Escuadrón/241.º Regimiento Antiaéreo (mot. mix.)
2.º Escuadrón/89.º Regimiento Antiaéreo como el 3.º Escuadrón/241.º Regimiento Antiaéreo (mot. mix.)
3.º Escuadrón/34.º Regimiento de Fortificación Antiaérea como el 8.º Escuadrón/441.º Regimiento Antiaéreo (mot. mix.)
4.º Escuadrón/34.º Regimiento de Fortificación Antiaérea(?)/89.º Regimiento Antiaéreo(?) como el 2.º Escuadrón/99.º Batallón Ligero Antiaéreo (mot.)
5.º Escuadrón/34.º Regimiento de Fortificación Antiaérea(?)/89.º Regimiento Antiaéreo(?) como el 3.º Escuadrón/99.º Batallón Ligero Antiaéreo (mot.)

Comandantes
Coronel Rudolf Erdmann - (1938 - 15 de julio de 1941)

Servicios
1938 - 1939: bajo el III Comandante Superior de Fortificación de Artillería Antiaérea
1939 - 1941: en Espira
agosto de 1940: en Jersey (5.º Batería)

Referencias
 WW2 - 34. Festungs-Flak-Regiment (v)

Luftwaffe (Wehrmacht)
Regimientos Antiaéreos de Fortificación
Unidades militares alemanas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial


Saludo cubano es un disco de varios intérpretes cubanos, lanzado en 1971 por el sello chileno Discoteca del Cantar Popular, y grabado en un concierto realizado en Chile por los músicos de Orquesta Aragón, Ela Calvo, Los Papines, Carlos Puebla y sus Tradicionales.

Entre otros temas, el disco contiene la famosa canción Si vas para Chile, un vals compuesto en 1942 por el chileno Chito Faró e interpretado en esta ocasión por la Orquesta Aragón.

Este disco posee dos sencillos, lanzados el mismo año bajo el mismo sello DICAP, y llamados Si vas por Chile / Yo vendo unos ojos negros y Emiliana / Ahora te toca a ti minero.

Lista de canciones

Créditos
 Vicente y Antonio Larrea: fotografía y diseño gráfico.

Referencias

Álbumes de 1971
Álbumes en vivo de varios artistas
Álbumes de Discoteca del Cantar Popular

Saludo cubano


Julie y los fantasmas (en portugués Julie e os fantasmas) es una serie de televisión brasileña. Originalmente fue transmitida por Bandeirantes entre el 17 de octubre de 2011 y el 4 de mayo de 2012 y por Nickelodeon Brasil entre el 20 de octubre de 2011 y el 29 de abril de 2012, con una temporada dividida en dos fases distintas: la primera, transmitida en 2011, y la segunda, al año siguiente. Creada por Fabio Danesi, Paula Knudsen y Tiago Mello, y escrita por Fabio Danesi, la serie fue dirigida por Luís Pinheiro, Luíza Campos y Julia Jordão, con dirección general de Luca Paiva Melloy Michel Tikhomiroff. Tiago Mello, Juliana Capelini y João Daniel Tikhomiroff produjeron la serie.

La actriz Mariana Lessa interpreta al personaje principal, Julie, en una historia que narra los acontecimientos de su vida desde el momento en que conoce a tres fantasmas: Daniel, Félix y Martim, interpretados por Bruno Sigrist, Fabio Rabello y Marcelo Ferrari, respectivamente. A partir de ahí, forma una banda con ellos y comienza a actuar regularmente en su ciudad. Michel Joelsas, Milena Martines, Samya Pascotto, Gabriel Falcão, Pedro Lucas Cruz, Pedro Inoue, Jéssica Nakamura y Vinícius Mazzola dan vida a los otros personajes de la trama. Entre otros temas, la serie aborda la música agolpamiento adolescente.

El tema de apertura de la serie es «Julie», interpretada por Lu Andrade, vocalista del grupo Rouge. Esta canción fue incluida en un CD lanzado el 30 de abril de 2012 por Midas Music, una compañía discográfica perteneciente a Rick Bonadio, quien, a su vez, fue responsable de la producción musical de la trama. Durante su transmisión en Brasil por Band, la serie obtuvo una audiencia de alrededor de 3 puntos de promedio, un índice considerado bueno para los estándares de la emisora, y fue bien recibido por los críticos. De esta manera, recibió un premio APCA en la categoría «mejor programa infantil» y fue nominada para los premios Kid's Choice Awards, por su edición argentina, por los Meus Prêmios Nick y por los Kids Emmy Awards. Además de transmitirse en su país de origen, Julye y los fantasmas se transmitió en toda América Latina a través de las sucursales de Nickelodeon, y en Italia a través de Super!.

En abril de 2019, se anunciaron planes para la producción de una versión estadounidense de Netflix titulada Julie and the Phantoms. Kenny Ortega será el productor de la serie.

Sinopsis
Julie (Mariana Lessa) es una adolescente de 15 años auténtica e insegura a la que le encanta cantar, pero no tiene el coraje de actuar en público. Todo cambia cuando sus padres, Raúl (Will Prado) y Eloísa (Camila Raffanti), deciden mudarse a una nueva casa y encuentra un viejo disco abandonado en un rincón. Al reproducirlo, Julie termina liberando a tres fantasmas atrapados dentro del vinilo, Daniel (Bruno Sigrist), Félix (Fábio Rabello) y Martin (Marcelo Ferrari), miembros de una banda de la década de 1980 llamada Apolo 81, los cuales murieron en un accidente automovilístico, atropellados por un camión mientras cruzaban un cruce de peatones hace más de 30 años.

Los fantasmas quieren ser vistos y Julie quiere ser escuchada. Así, forman una banda muy especial: Os Insólitos. Juntos, graban su música y publican sus vídeos musicales en Internet. Y, entre una canción y otra, los fantasmas ayudarán, y a veces obstaculizarán, a Julie a enfrentar a los «fantasmas» de la adolescencia: su primer novio, el miedo a no ser aceptada por el grupo, las incertidumbres sobre el futuro. Ella está enamorada de Nicolas (Michel Joelsas), un chico que nunca la había mirado antes y que sale con Thalita (Milena Martines), una chica que intenta todo para interrumpir los planes de Julie cuando se da cuenta de que se está volviendo popular y que su novio comienza a interesarse en ella. Su suerte es que puede contar con Bia (Samya Pascotto), su mejor amiga inteligente y torpe, y su hermano Pedrito (Vinícius Mazzola), quien trata de hacer la vida más fácil para todos a su alrededor con sus inventos.

Elenco
 Mariana Lessa como Juliana "Julie", es una adolescente de 15 años como cualquier otra, cuya gran pasión es la música. Se enamora de Nicolás y a lo largo de la serie se esfuerza por dejar de ser "invisible". Julie compone, toca la guitarra y canta.
 Bruno Sigrist como Daniel, un fantasma y el guitarrista de la banda. Al principio de la historia, Daniel se muestra como egocéntrico y prepotente, pero después con el tiempo Julie descubre que es alguien sensible y romántico, con lo que Julie comenzará a sospechar de que hay más que un sentimiento de amistad entre ambos.
 Fábio Rabello como Félix, un fantasma y baterista de la banda, completamente neurótico y temeroso, pero sabe apoyar a Julie y a Pedrito. Sufre de hipocondría.
 Marcelo Ferrari como Martín, un fantasma y bajista de la banda. Solo piensa en divertirse. Demora un segundo más para entender las cosas, y al igual que Félix, siempre se mete en problemas con Pedrito. Le gusta ser fantasma.
 Samya Pascotto como Beatriz "Bia", es la mejor amiga y confidente de Julie. Su pasatiempo favorito es salir con Julie, generalmente van a la tienda de discos. Muchas veces adivina los sentimientos de Julie antes que ella misma lo logre.
 Milena Martines como Thalita, tiene el capricho de ganarle a Julie en todo por un viejo conflicto de la niñez con ella. Al igual que Julie, Thalita busca ganarse el cariño de Nicolás. Ansía el estrellato como Julie.
 Vinícius Mazzola como Pedro "Pedrito", es el hermano de Julie y un pequeño genio de 11 años. Sus inventos y ocurrencias son el alivio cómico de la historia ya que con Martín y Félix se meten comúnmente en problemas. Es uno de los que sabe el secreto sobre los fantasmas.
 Michel Joelsas como Nicolás, un chico popular, apuesto y alivianado, además, el amor secreto de Julie. Bajo la imagen de chico popular que suele proyectar, oculta su verdadera personalidad.
 Netuno Trindade como Patrick.
 Pedro Inoue como Valtinho.
 Carlos Morelli como Klaus.

Participaciones especiales
 Reinaldo Zavarce como él mismo.
 Manu Gavassi como Débora.
NX Zero como ellos mismos.
 Penélope Nova como Prof. Marta Sousa.
 Juliane Elting como Loira do Banheiro.
 Gabriel Falcão como J.P
 Caíque Nogueira como Fréd.
 Bruno Anacleto como Téo.
 Camila Raffanti como Eloísa (Madre de Julie).

Producción
En 2010, Band anunció que produciría una serie infantil y juvenil en colaboración con la productora Mixer y Nickelodeon Brasil, de la cual ya compró dibujos y series norteamericanas. En total, se gastaron 5 millones de reales en el proyecto, además de recursos por la Agencia Nacional de Cine y 2 millones de reales más recibidos del Fondo Sectorial Audiovisual. La grabación de la primera temporada de Julie y los fantasmas comenzó el 11 de agosto de 2011 y finalizó el 12 de febrero de 2012. Además de la ciudad de São Paulo, la serie también se filmó en las ciudades de Campinas y Paulínia. La elección del elenco fue hecha por Mixer y por la dirección artística de Bandeirantes.

Transmisión
Después de varios cambios en la hora y la fecha, Julie y los fantasmas debutó el 17 de octubre de 2011 a las 8:25 p.m. en Rede Bandeirantes. Transmitido solo los lunes, se estrenó tres días después en el canal de cable Nickelodeon Brasil, donde se emitió los jueves a las 7:30 p.m.

Episodios

Canciones

Premios y nominaciones

Enlaces externos
 Sitio oficial en Band
 Sitio oficial en Nickelodeon Brasil
 Sitio oficial en Nickelodeon Latinoamérica

Referencias

Series de televisión iniciadas en 2011
Series de televisión finalizadas en 2012
Series de televisión de Brasil
Series de televisión de los años 2010
Series producidas por Nickelodeon Latinoamérica
Series de televisión en portugués

Julie y los fantasmas


Noon in Tunesia ist ein 1967 entstandenes Jazzalbum von George Gruntz für das deutsche SABA-Label, das eine erste Begegnung von Avantgarde Jazz und tunesischer Musik dokumentiert.

Vorgeschichte des Albums

Joachim-Ernst Berendt organisierte seit 1962 Begegnungen von Jazzmusikern mit der Folklore ausgewählter Länder, die eine wichtige Basis für das waren, was sich später zur Weltmusik entwickelte. Er hatte dafür zwei Instrumente, eine Serie beim SABA- bzw. dem sich daraus entwickelnden MPS-Label Jazz Meets the World und eine gleichnamige Konzertreihe im Rahmen der von ihm geleiteten Berliner Jazztage.

Die Produktion Noon in Tunisia war das sechste Album der Serie. Gruntz hatte 1964 auf Einladung der Cembalistin Antoinette Vischer einen Urlaub in Hammamet (Tunesien) gemacht. Im Hotel spielte an einem Folkloreabend eine Gruppe einheimischer Musiker und traf sich am folgenden Tag mit den Musikern. Er erkannte Ähnlichkeiten "zwischen der Musik, die er dort hörte und dem modalen Jazz und hatte sofort die Idee, Jazzmusiker und tunesische Musiker zusammenbringen."

Nach sorgfältiger Vorbereitung suchte Gruntz nach Möglichkeiten, eine Begegnung von Jazz- und tunesischen Musikern zu ermöglichen. Zunächst stieß er auf Ablehnung, etwa bei Hans Gertberg, der damals als Redakteur den NDR Jazzworkshop organisierte. Schließlich nahm er Kontakt zu Berendt auf, der das Potenzial der Idee erkannte und im Frühjahr 1967 gemeinsam mit seiner Verlobten Gigi nach Tunesien reiste, um Musiker für das Projekt zu finden. Er kontaktierte den Komponisten und Musikwissenschaftler Salah El Mahdi, Beauftragter für Musik und Volkskunst bei der tunesischen Regierung und Direktor des Rashidiyya-Instituts, der von der Idee begeistert war, tunesische und Jazzmusik zusammenzubringen; er nannte Berendt außer sich selbst drei weitere  geeignete Musiker.

Aufnahme und Album
Da damals in Tunesien keine geeigneten Tonstudios existierten, wurde das Album in Deutschland aufgenommen. Am 2. und 3. Juni 1967 fanden die Aufnahmen in Villingen statt; Tonmeister war Willi Fruth. Saxophonist Sahib Shihab, ein Black Muslim, identifizierte sich mit dem Projekt auch außermusikalisch und begrüßte die tunesischen Musiker mit Passagen aus dem Koran. Allerdings fühlten sich die Tunesier im Schwarzwald nicht nur aufgrund des kalten Wetters unwohl und gingen angespannt ins Studio: "Sie fühlten sich unsicher im Umfeld von Jazz und westlicher Musik. Die anfängliche Nervosität verflog aber rasch." Auch Gruntz begrüßte die Musiker: "Ihre Gesichter öffneten sich, und ihre Augen begannen zu strahlen, als ich nach ihrer Ankunft einige Rhythmen nannte, Bunauara, Gerbi, Alagi usw., die ihnen durch und durch vertraut waren."

Gruntz hatte seit Mitte der 1960er Jahre vermehrt mit dem Komponieren begonnen. In seiner Maghreb Suite (Maghreb Cantata), die im Zentrum des Albums "Noon in Tunisia" stehen sollte, verwob er folkloristisches Material, arabische Rhythmen und Jazzelemente. Diese Suite "beinhaltet Sätze, benannt nach tunesischen Rhythmen, jeder Satz mit einem von mir komponierten jazzmäßigen Thema (als freie Erfindung oder beduinische Melodiefloskeln zu Jazzriffs gemacht), welches sich zu mischen hatte mit dem modalen Spiel der Beduinen respektive als Vorlage zu dienen hatte für die Improvisationen der Jazzmusiker." Dabei verfolgte Gruntz die folgende Grundidee: "Verschiedenste Muster von Nebeneinander, Übereinander und Gegeneinander des Zusammenspiels waren so strukturiert, dass eine weite Palette von möglichen Kombinationen ausprobiert werden konnte." Entsprechend waren die Improvisationen der Jazzmusiker in das von den tunesischen Musikern vorgestellte traditionelle Material dialogartig verwoben. Insbesondere das Stück Buanuara enthält intensive Soli von Dudelsack, Sopransaxophon, Geige und Piano.

Gruntz stellte im Rückblick fest, dass das Album keineswegs eine weltmusikalische Synthese darstelle: "Das 'Weltmusikalische' meiner Erfahrungen in Nordafrika beschränkt sich darauf, dass ein brauchbares Ergebnis nur deshalb erreicht wurde, weil wir gar nicht erst versuchten zu glauben, es müsse in Tunesien zu einer neuen Akkulturation kommen!" Jean-Luc Ponty war sogar der Ansicht, dass das Unternehmen eine "unmögliche Melange" und "ein wenig unsauber" sei. Gruntz selbst bedauerte in seiner Autobiographie, dass seine ursprüngliche Absicht eines langsamen Kennenlernens in der heimischen Umgebung der tunesischen Musiker nicht realisiert werden konnte. Die Musiker trafen sich erst in der Aufnahmesession, deren erste Session insgesamt nur vier Stunden dauerte. "Die Platte war in einem einzigen Aufnahmetag im Kasten, so dass wir am zweiten Tag nur noch freundschaftenschliessend im Studio herumsaßen und immer wieder die Aufnahmen abhörten."

Der Titel des Albums spielt auf Dizzy Gillespies Klassiker A Night in Tunisia an. Joachim-Ernst Berendt meint dazu in seinen Liner Notes, dass es 1967 nicht mehr 'Nacht in Tunesien' sei, wo das "von Rommels Afrika-Korps eroberte und von den Alliierten rückeroberte Land" weiterhin Kolonie sei, "dessen Freiheitskämpfer in französische Gefängnisse gesteckt wurden. Jetzt ist es 'Noon'."

Titelliste
1 Salhé (1:05)
2 Maghreb Cantata
Is Tikhbar (1:17)
Ghitta (5:08)
Alaji (4:26)
Djerbi (3:36)
M'rabaa (4:11)
Buanuara  (8:52)
Fazani (3:21)
3 Nemeit  (5:55)

Rezeption
Down Beat lobte die Platte 1968 als einen erfreulichen und vielversprechenden Beginn, wies aber darauf hin, dass der Gehalt an tunesischer Musik recht hoch sei und den Jazzgehalt eingeschränkt habe. Das sah der französische Kritiker Michel Savy anders; keines der beiden Idiome habe seine Eigenheiten verloren. Auch für den Musikwissenschaftler Wolfgang Laade war das Album "das interessanteste und lebensvollste Ergebnis einer organisierten Konfrontation wesensverschiedener Musikarten"

Martin Pfleiderer weist darauf hin, dass in dieser Produktion anders als auf vielen anderen Alben der Serie Jazz Meets the World tatsächlich (hier übrigens vorwiegend europäische) "Jazzmusiker mit traditionellen Musikern einer fremden Kultur zusammen treffen". Auch er charakterisiert aber das Album als eine "Gegenüberstellung von Jazzmusikern und Beduinenmusik" und noch keine wirkliche Synthese. Allmusic hat das Album mit viereinhalb von fünf möglichen Sternen bewertet. Noon in Tunisia entwickelte sich zum kommerziell erfolgreichsten Album der Serie Jazz Meets the World (möglicherweise mit Ausnahme von Tristeza on Guitar von Baden Powell de Aquino von 1966).

1969 erhielt das Album einen Preis des französischen Club des Disques.

Weitere Wirkung
Bei Salah El Mahdi wurde durch das Projekt sein Interesse für Jazz angefacht; er sah in dem gemeinsamen Spiel sogar eine Art "Hochzeit" der beiden musikalischen Sprachen. Allerdings war die öffentliche Reaktion in Tunesien auf die spätere Aufführung anlässlich des für den Südwestfunk entstandenen Dokumentarfilms Noon in Tunisia von Peter Lilienthal (1969) und einer Tournee des Goethe-Instituts viel verhaltener. Mit der Musik ließ sich zwar ein jüngeres, auch an Jazz interessiertes Publikum erreichen, aber bei älteren Tunesiern stieß die Aufführung eher auf Unverständnis. Gruntz bemerkte sogar resigniert: "Bei Besuchen in Tunesien sollte später klarwerden, daß das Publikum allerdings mit genau der Musik, wie wir sie auf Noon in Tunisia aufnahmen, nichts anzufangen wußte." Der spätere Eindruck von Salah El Mahdi war positiver und sah Vorteile für beide Seiten – einerseits ein Forum für tunesische Musik in Europa, andererseits wurde auch in Tunesien ein Interesse für Jazz geweckt.

Sahib Shihab wurde durch das Projekt zu intensiverer Beschäftigung mit nordafrikanischer Musik gebracht. Er reiste nach Tunesien und nahm auch 1969 an dem Filmprojekt von Lilienthal in Tunesien teil.

Das Album war im Gegensatz zu den anderen Projekten der Serie Jazz Meets the World nicht unmittelbar mit einem Live-Konzert der beteiligten Musiker verbunden. Gruntz präsentierte sein Projekt aber später immer wieder auf europäischen Bühnen (1969, 1971, 1974, 1996)., teilweise mit Berendt, teilweise ohne ihn, worüber dieser nicht sehr erfreut war. Die aus Perspektive Gruntz "schönste Plattenaufnahme" seiner Maghreb Suite entstand 1971 auf dem von Friedrich Gulda veranstalteten Festival am Ossiacher See mit den tunesischen Musikern, Ponty und dem Trio John Surman, Barre Phillips und Stu Martin sowie Limpe Fuchs.

Gruntz hob in seiner Autobiografie die mäzenatische Rolle des Labelchefs Hans Georg Brunner-Schwer hervor; "Noon in Tunisia war gewissermaßen der Startschuß für eine Folge von einem guten Dutzend LPs, die mir dieser weitsichtige, offenherzige und kluge Mann ermöglicht hatte." Bereits zwanzig Tage später nahm Gruntz für Brunner-Schwer als nächstes Album From Sticksland with Love: Drums and Folklore auf, wiederum ein von Berendt produziertes Ethno-Jazz-Album, das sich aber auf die Guggenmusik aus seiner Heimatstadt Basel bezieht.

Literatur
 Andrew W. Hurley, But Did the World Meet Jazz. Ein Blick hinter Joachim Ernst Berendts Plattenreihe "Jazz Meets the World". Darmstädter Beiträge zur Jazzforschung. Bd. 10. Hofheim am Taunus 2008, S. 17–44.
 derselbe The return of Jazz, Berghahn Books 2009, Kapitel 14 (The 1967 World-Jazz Encounters)
 George Gruntz Jazz ist Weltmusik in Burghard König (Herausgeber) Jazzrock. Tendenzen einer modernen Musik. Reinbek: rororo 1983, S. 188–197.
 derselbe Als weißer Neger geboren: ein Leben für den Jazz, Berneck: Corvus Verlag 2002

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Album (Jazz)
Album 1967

Noon in Tunisia


Zhytomyr est la graphie anglaise pour Jytomyr, ville d'Ukraine ;
 Zhytomyr Oblast est la graphie anglaise pour l'oblast de Jytomyr, oblast (région) d'Ukraine ;
 Zhytomyr Raion est la graphie anglaise pour le raïon de Jytomyr, raïon dans l' oblast de Jytomyr ;
 (117240) Zhytomyr, un astéroïde de la ceinture principale d'astéroïdes.

Zhytomyr


Ichi, the number one in Japanese numerals
Ichi (film), a 2008 Japanese film
Ichi (scarification), a type of facial scarring traditionally used by the Igbo people of West Africa
Ichi, Iran, a village in Isfahan Province, Iran
Ichi, Nigeria, a town in Ekwusigo Local Government Area, Nigeria
International Classification of Health Interventions
Ichiro Suzuki or Ichi (born 1973), Japanese baseball player
ICHI (musician), musician and husband of Rachael Dadd
IChI (IUPAC chemical identifier), the original name for the International Chemical Identifier

See also
Ichi the Killer (disambiguation)
Ichiban (disambiguation)

Ichi


Boyd  may refer to:

Places

Canada
 Boyd Conservation Area, a conservation area located northwest of Toronto, Ontario
  Boyd Lake (disambiguation)

United States
 Boyd County (disambiguation)
 Boyd, Indiana
 Boyd, Iowa
 Boyd, Kansas
 Boyd, Kentucky
 Boyd, Minnesota
 Boyd, Missouri
 Boyd, Texas
 Boyd, Wisconsin

Elsewhere
 Boyd Cave, Oregon
 Boyd Escarpment, in Antarctica
 Boyd Island, Antarctica
 Boyd River (disambiguation), several rivers in Australia
River Boyd, in the UK

People
 Boyd (given name), a list of people with the given name
 Boyd (surname), the surname, and a list of people with the surname
 Boyd baronets, two baronetcies
 Boyd Family, an Australian family
 Boyd Gang, a criminal gang
 Clan Boyd, a Scottish clan

Brands and enterprises
Boyd, an archaic Bordeaux wine producing estate since divided into:
 Château Boyd-Cantenac
 Château Cantenac-Brown
 Boyd, an American manufacturer of environmental seals and energy management products
 Boyd Gaming Corporation, a casino operator

Education
 Boyd High School (disambiguation)
 Boyd Independent School District, Boyd, Texas

Fictional characters
 Boyd, a Fighter in the game Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance
Drew Boyd, from the television series Queer as Folk
Jonah Boyd, the eponymous character in David Leavitt's novel The Body of Jonah Boyd
Mr. Boyd, character in Barney & Friends
Woody Boyd, from the television series Cheers
Boyd Cooper, in the game Psychonauts
Boyd Crowder, from the television series, Justified
Boyd Fowler, from the television series, Dexter
Boyd Hoyland, from the television series Neighbours
Boyd Langton, from the television series Dollhouse
B.O.Y.D., from the television series DuckTales

Other uses

 OODA Loop, a theory of decision making also known as the Boyd Cycle

See also
Boyd House (disambiguation)
Boyds (disambiguation)
 Boyd Q.C., English television series
 Boyd massacre, one of the worst recorded instances of mass cannibalism, in which up to 66 people were killed and eaten on the northern coast of New Zealand
 Boyd v. United States, United States Supreme Court case about search and seizure
Justice Boyd (disambiguation)

Boyd


Piercarlo Ghinzani (Riviera d'Adda, Lombardija, Italija, 16. siječnja 1952.) je bivši talijanski vozač automobilističkih utrka. Godine 1977. osvojio je naslov prvaka u Europskoj Formuli 3 s bolidom March 773 za momčad AFMP Euroracing, a 1979. naslov u Talijanskoj Formuli 3 ispred Michelea Alboreta. Na utrci 24 sata Le Mansa je nastupio četiri puta od 1980. do 1983., no nijednom nije uspio završiti utrku. U Formuli 1 je nastupao 1981. i od 1983. do 1989. Najbolji rezultat je ostvario na Velikoj nagradi Dallasa 1984., kada je u bolidu Osella-Alfa Romeo osvojio 5. mjesto u utrci. Godine 1982. pobijedio je na utrci 1000 km Mugella, zajedno sa suvozačem Micheleom Alboretom u bolidu Lancia Martini LC1. Godine 1986. pobijedio je na utrci 1000 km Fujija sa suvozačem Paolom Barillom u bolidu Porsche 956B i na utrci 500 km Kyalamija za momčad Joest Racing.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Piercarlo Ghinzani - Driver Database
Piercarlo Ghinzani - Stats F1
All Results of Piercarlo Ghinzani - Racing Sport Cars

Talijanski vozači Formule 1

Piercarlo Ghinzani


An Agrostis sodiroana in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eduard Hackel. An Agrostis sodiroana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Agrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Agrostis

Agrostis sodiroana


Bartolomé García de Escañuela, OFM (8 de agosto de 1627 - 20 de novembro de 1684) foi um prelado católico romano que serviu como bispo de Durango de 1676 a 1684 e bispo de Porto Rico de 1670 a 1676.

Biografia
Bartolomé García de Escañuela nasceu em Archidona, Espanha, e foi ordenado sacerdote na Ordem dos Frades Menores. A 6 de outubro de 1670 foi nomeado pelo Rei da Espanha e confirmado pelo Papa Clemente X como Bispo de Porto Rico. Foi consagrado bispo por Galeazzo Marescotti, Núncio Apostólico na Espanha. No dia 16 de novembro de 1676, foi nomeado pelo Rei da Espanha e confirmado pelo Papa Inocêncio XI como Bispo de Durango. Serviu como Bispo de Durango até à sua morte a 20 de novembro de 1684.

Mortos em 1684
Nascidos em 1627
Bispos católicos
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Clemente X
Bispos nomeados pelo Papa Inocêncio XI

Bartolomé Garcia de Escañuela


Larissa Kerner, née le  à Berlin est une chanteuse et artiste allemande.

Biographie

Larissa Kerner naît à Berlin. Elle est la fille de l'acteur suisse  et de la chanteuse allemande Nena. Elle a un frère jumeau, Sakias.

Vie privée
Le , Larissa met au monde son premier enfant, une fille qu'elle appelle Carla. Elle est alors âgée de 19 ans. Plus tard en 2013, Victor, son deuxième enfant voit le jour. Larissa réside actuellement à Hambourg en Allemagne.

Carrière
Larissa commence sa carrière à l'âge de 16 ans. Elle accompagne sa mère sur scène et devient chanteuse en arrière plan pour cette dernière.

En 2012, elle fonde avec son amie Marie Suberg, le duo ADAMEVA, qui mélange musique et art. Le duo sortira leur premier Single Ekstase en 2014, ainsi qu'un nouveau single, Perlen, en 2017. Pendant cette période elles participeront également à des vernissages d'art, dans lesquels elles présenteront leur œuvres. En 2019, Larissa explique se séparer de Marie pour se concentrer sur une carrière solo.

En 2020, elle commence, en duo avec son partenaire Janick Zebrowski, à travailler sur un nouveau projet sous le nom "Issa Bloch",. Leur premier single "Chérie" sort en septembre 2023.

Autres activités

En 2008, elle écrit et interprète la chanson Mama sur l'album de Nena Himmel Sonne Wind und Regen, et écrit le texte de la chanson Libellen. Elle écrit également avec cette Nena les chansons Wind et Farben qui figurent sur l'album.

Avec sa mère, elle a écrit la chanson Dreh dich sur l'album de cette dernière  en 2009.

En 2017, elle réinterprète la chanson Alles ist Relativ qui est la chanson titre de la série télévisée pour enfants et adolescents allemande Schloss Einstein. Cette réinterprétation devient le générique officiel de la série télévisée à partir de la  saison.

Dans les  et  saisons du casting de The Voice Kids, diffusées en 2017 et 2018, Larissa Kerner est membre du jury aux côtés de sa mère. Toutes les deux ont remporté la victoire de la  saison, avec leur talent Sofie

Le , elle apparaît avec sa mère Nena dans l'édition XXL de l'émission de télé allemande .

En janvier 2019, The BossHoss sortent le clip de leur single She qui met en vedette Larissa Kerner.

Toujours en 2019, Larissa crée une collection de vêtements avec sa mère, en collaboration avec la marque allemande Tom Tailor. Une autre collection avec cette même marque sort en 2020.

En 2020, la galerie d'art Nissis Kunstkantine organise un vernissage avec Larissa Kerner.

Larissa y expose ses œuvres, des autoportraits qu'elle réalise dans son studio. D'autres vernissages suivront après celui-ci, où elle exposera ses œuvres tout en racontant leurs histoires. D'autres vernissages avec Nissis Kunstkantine auront lieu en 2021 et 2023

En 2020, Nena sort la chanson Galaxien en duo avec Larissa Kerner.

Toujours en 2020, le groupe VON WELT sortent leur chanson Eiszeit en duo avec Larissa Kerner

Discographie

ADAMEVA
 2014 : Ekstase
 2017 : Perlen

Co-réalisations
 2020 : Eiszeit - de  avec Larissa Kerner
 2020 : Galaxien - de Nena, avec Larissa Kerner

ISSA BLOCH

 2023 : Chérie

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance en avril 1990
Naissance à Berlin

Larissa Kerner


Martinová este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Rimavská Sobota din regiunea Banská Bystrica. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 201 locuitori. Se învecinează cu Orávka, Rimavská Seč, ,  și .

Istoric
Localitatea Martinová este atestată documentar din 1427.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Martinová


A-2 hrvatska košarkaška liga za žene za sezonu 2016./17. se sastoji od dvije skupine. Prve dvije ekipe iz svake skupine se plasiraju u Ligu za prvaka čiji pobjednik stječe pravo nastupa u A-1 ligi

 Ljestvice

 Skupina A
Također i pod nazivom A-2 liga za žene Sjever

 Skupina B
Također i pod nazivom A-2 liga za žene JugSudionici:'''
 FSV Rijeka
 Gospić
 Kvarner Rijeka
 Omiš
 Otočac
 Salona Solin
 VodiceOmiš je osvojio ligu, ali je odustao od kvalifikacija (Lige za prvaka), u koje je iz B skupine išao samo Kvarner.

 Liga za prvaka Kvarner i Dubrava BLC'' su se plsirali u A-1 ligu.

Poveznice
 A-1 liga 2016./17.

Izvori
 zenska-kosarka.com, A-2 liga za žene
 hks-cbf.hr, A-2 ženska liga za prvaka - ljestvica , pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 eurobasket.com, Hrvatska žene - A-2 liga 2016./17., pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 ksz-zagreb.hr, A-2 ženska liga Skupina A, pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 ks-kckz.hr, A-2 liga Seniorke Sjever 2016./17. (ukupno) , pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 ks-kckz.hr, A-2 liga Seniorke Sjever 2016./17. (u konkurenciji) , pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 ksobz.hr, A-2 ženska liga Skupina A (ukupno), pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 ksobz.hr, A-2 ženska liga Skupina A (u konkurenciji), pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.
 hks-cbf.hr, A-2 ženska liga (skupina B): Raspored natjecanja sezona 2016/17 , objavljeno 12. listopada 2016., pristupljeno 25. svibnja 2017.

2016-17
ž-2-A-2

A-2 hrvatska košarkaška liga za žene 2016./17.


An Ochlandra spirostylis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni M.Kumar, K.K.Seethal. ngan Sequiera. An Ochlandra spirostylis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Ochlandra, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Ochlandra

Ochlandra spirostylis


25 هـ هي سنة في التقويم الهجري امتدت مقابلةً في التقويم الميلادي بين سنتي 645 و646.

مواليد
 يزيد بن معاوية.
 البلتع العنبري من شعراء العصر الأموي.
 عباس بن سهل

انظر أيضًا
 أحداث ومواليد ووفيات وقعت في الفترة الأولى من سنة 25 هـ
 أحداث ومواليد ووفيات وقعت في الفترة الثانية من سنة 25 هـ

مراجع

تقويم هجري

25 هـ


Ourisia integrifolia er tegund blómstrandi plantna í græðisúruætt, ættuð frá fjallendi Tasmaníu.

Tilvísanir

Ourisia

Ourisia integrifolia


Rushden & Diamonds Football Club was an association football club based in Irthlingborough, Northamptonshire, England. Nicknamed "The Diamonds", the club played at Nene Park. The club's main rivals were county neighbours Kettering Town.

The club was formed by a merger of Rushden Town and Irthlingborough Diamonds in 1992. They entered the Southern League and won the Midland Division in the 1993–94 season and the Premier Division in the 1995–96 season. They then spent five seasons in the Conference National, before they won a place in the Football League after winning the 2000–01 Conference title. They lost the 2002 play-off final and then secured promotion into the Second Division after winning the Third Division title in 2002–03. Relegated the following season, they lost their Football League status after finishing bottom of League Two in 2006. The club were expelled from the Conference on 11 June 2011; their unstable financial position meant they could not guarantee to complete all their fixtures in the 2011–12 season, and resulted in their dissolution. They were succeeded by phoenix club AFC Rushden & Diamonds.

History

The merger and the early years (1992–96)
Rushden and Diamonds was formed on 21 April 1992 by a merger of Rushden Town and Irthlingborough Diamonds. The move was the brainchild of Max Griggs. On 22 August 1992, Ollie Kearns scored the first league goal in the club's history, against Bilston Town in the Southern League Midland Division. The club's first few seasons were remarkable for the success the team enjoyed, finishing 3rd in the Southern League Midland Division in their inaugural season. The following year they won the division, winning promotion to the Southern League Premier Division, and two years later the Diamonds were again promoted as champions. The team had gained promotion to the Football Conference after just four years as a club.

Football Conference
After their rapid rise to the top tier of non-league football, the club then spent five seasons attempting to reach the Football League, finishing 12th in the 1996–97 season, and then 4th, 4th and 2nd in the Football Conference before they finally won promotion to the Football League as champions in 2001. It was within this period that the club had achieved their best success in the FA Cup, getting to the 3rd Round twice. In 1998–99, the Diamonds held Leeds United to a famous 0–0 draw at Nene Park, ahead of a record attendance of 6,431. After taking a shock early lead at Elland Road in the replay, they went on to lose 3–1. In the following campaign, the club were rewarded with a 3rd Round draw away to Sheffield United. The Diamonds secured a 1–1 draw at Bramall Lane, to force a replay. In the return fixture, the match went to penalties following a 1–1 deadlock after extra-time. In the shootout however, it was the Blades who finally edged the Diamonds out 6–5 to go through.

The Football League
In their first season in new surroundings, the Diamonds reached the Division Three Play-Off Final. After overcoming Rochdale 4–3 on aggregate over the two-legged Semi-Final, the club lost to Cheltenham Town in the final, 3–1 at the Millennium Stadium. In 2003, they won the division, pipping Hartlepool United to the Division Three championship on the last day of the season – their third promotion/league title in eight seasons.

The 2003–04 season in Division Two proved to be one of difficulty for Rushden & Diamonds. Despite a promising early start, a run of bad results over the winter period saw the club slip down the table, and in March 2004 Brian Talbot left the club after seven years as manager. The transfer window saw star players Paul Underwood, Onandi Lowe, Paul Hall and Marcus Bignot all depart as off the pitch problems mounted, and the club severely struggled for the remainder of the season. Barry Hunter took over as caretaker player-manager but they were relegated in 22nd place after losing their last three games of the season.

Ernie Tippett was confirmed as permanent manager for the start of the 2004–05 season. However, after a dismal run of results which saw the team the media predicted as promotion contenders fall to 22nd place in the League Two, he was sacked, and replaced by Barry Hunter, who was later appointed full-time manager. The club staved off relegation. The following season, after a summer in which Max Griggs handed the club over to the Supporters' Trust, the club continued to struggle and on 29 April, Rushden were relegated back to the Football Conference after a 2–0 away defeat to Boston United. Hunter's contract was not renewed over the summer.

Back in the Conference

The seasons following the Diamonds' return to the Football Conference were marred by instability on and off the pitch. Keith Cousins took over the club in November 2006 and resigned in 2011. He was replaced by Liam Beasant and Gary Calder, the latter of whom himself quit the club just weeks after taking over. Meanwhile, five managers (Paul Hart, Tony Godden, Graham Westley, Garry Hill and Justin Edinburgh) took control of the team at different times.

During their first three seasons back in England's fifth division the Diamonds failed to finish in the top ten. By the end of the 2008–09 season the average attendance was less than 50% of what it had been during their last season in the Football League. The sole highlight of these three years was reaching the Conference League Cup Final against Aldershot Town in 2007. With the scores level at 3–3 after extra-time, the Diamonds lost 4–3 on penalties.

However, the Diamonds' fortunes changed after the resignation of Garry Hill in February 2009, and the subsequent appointment of Justin Edinburgh as manager – initially as caretaker, but then full-time. During his first full season in charge he led the club to the Football Conference play-offs as a result of finishing in 4th place– their first top-ten finish since 2003. The team eventually succumbed to a 3–1 aggregate defeat at the hands of eventual play-off winners Oxford United. The Diamonds also progressed to the second round of the FA Cup, having beaten Workington and Hinckley United before being knocked out by Brighton & Hove Albion at the Withdean Stadium.

The Diamonds struggled to replicate their successes the following season. During the summer and throughout the season some of the most influential players of the previous campaign left Nene Park, including Lee Tomlin, Mark Byrne, Jamie Stuart, Andrew Lawton and Paul Terry. Because of these losses the Diamonds struggled to make a serious play-off push, and by mid-April were 10th in the table, some thirteen points off a promotion spot. Disappointing runs in the FA Cup, FA Trophy and Hillier Cup did little to consolidate the campaign.

Off-pitch events, however, defined the season. Any footballing disappointments were overshadowed by the death of first-team (and England C national football team 2010 Player of the Year) goalkeeper Dale Roberts on 14 December 2010. Meanwhile, chairman Keith Cousins resigned and was replaced by Gary Calder and Liam Beasant. Little over a month later vice-chairman Helen Thompson resigned from her position also, while by March – just three months after taking charge – Calder himself quit the club. As the season drew to an end it was also revealed that the club was under a transfer embargo, and that only the intervention of the PFA prevented the Diamonds players refusing to play a game against Mansfield Town in March due to unpaid wages. Early in the season the club had also become involved in a very public row with ex-player Leon Knight, who took to Twitter to air his grievances against the club.

Decline
The club were expelled from the Conference National on 11 June 2011, because their unstable financial position meant they could not guarantee being able to complete all their fixtures in the 2011–12 season. The club faced a winding-up petition, lodged by HM Revenue and Customs in the week commencing 13 June 2011, with reported debts of £750,000. An application in July to move to enter the Southern Football League was unsuccessful, and the club entered administration on 7 July 2011.

Fans immediately announced their desire to create a new fan-owned club called AFC Rushden & Diamonds that would field a senior side in 2012. The new club started in the United Counties League Division One.

Club badge
The club's traditional colours are red, white and blue, which are reflected in the club's badge. The crest uses aspects from both the respective Rushden Town and Irthlingborough Diamonds badges. It is formed by a shield-like shape, with 'R&DFC' written in banner form underneath. In the top left corner is the Rampant Lion, representing the Sartoris family, who donated some land on Hayden Road to Rushden Sports Club in 1922.

On the opposite side at the top sit the Crosskeys of St. Peter's Church in Irthlingborough. Taken from the old Irthlingborough Diamonds crest, there are two keys, one for heaven and one for hell. Below the Lion in the bottom left quarter of the badge are the 'Blue Diamonds', taken from the old Irthlingborough Diamonds logo. Similarly, the three 'Red and White Hoops' sitting to the right originate from Rushden Town's badge. An illustration of the local River Nene runs through the centre of the badge, whilst the football located between the Diamonds and Hoops is self-explanatory.

Stadium

Rushden & Diamonds played their home games at Nene Park, which was located on the outskirts of Irthlingborough, Northamptonshire adjacent to the A6, the stadium had a capacity of 6,441 (4,641 seated).

Initially the home of Irthlingborough Diamonds (the ground was obtained from the water board in 1969, providing the home for Irthlingborough Diamonds for over 20 years.), the stadium became the home of Rushden and Diamonds following the merger, and underwent major improvements during the 1990s and early 2000s as the club climbed up through the divisions.

The ground had also played host to England U21s games, as well as England C internationals. It served as a training camp for athletes competing at the 2012 London Olympics.

Rivalries

Kettering Town
Rushden's main rivals were nearby Kettering Town. The clubs played seventeen competitive games together, 16 in the Conference National and one in the FA Cup. The first competitive game between the sides was played out on 8 March 1997, with Rushden running out 5–1 winners at Rockingham Road. In the early years, derby games between the two would regularly attract crowds in excess of 4,500. The clubs remained in the same division for five seasons before, in 2001, Rushden gained promotion to the Football League, while Kettering were relegated that same season from the Conference. After a seven-year gap, in 2008–09 the teams again found themselves in the same division, after Rushden suffered two quickfire relegations and Kettering gained promotion from the Conference North.

In the 16 league games contested and over 1,000 minutes of league football played between the two sides, Kettering won just twice, while Rushden recorded nine victories. In the same number of games, Rushden scored 25 goals to the Poppies' eight. On 3 January 2011, for the most recent game between the two sides, Kettering ended an 11-year wait for a win over the Diamonds, beating Rushden for only the second time in their history with a 2–1 triumph at Nene Park. Throughout the history of the fixture, Rushden & Diamonds maintained an impressive of record of having never lost a competitive away match against Kettering Town.

Past fixtures between the clubs played host to some unsavoury incidents. Diamonds frontman Duane Darby was charged with assault in November 2000, after a head-butting incident in the players tunnel, after a home match with Kettering on 23 September 2000. In a friendly match between the teams at Kettering in 2005, two flares were thrown onto the pitch. During another match between the two sides at Rockingham Road on Shrove Tuesday in 1998, eggs and flour were thrown over the wall at the Rushden fans. In a game between the two teams at Nene Park in 2009, a flare was thrown onto the playing surface from the Rushden section, prompting an investigation. That game also saw nine arrests, and the use of 60 police officers and a police helicopter.

Northampton Town
The rivalry between the Diamonds and Northampton Town occurred between 2004 and 2006, when the two clubs played in League Two together for two seasons. Eight games were played between the sides – four competitive league games and four pre-season cup games. The Diamonds recorded a sole league victory over Northampton, a 3–2 win at Nene Park during the 2004–2005 season thanks to a last minute goal from Billy Sharp. They also beat their rivals in two pre-season Maunsell Cup games. After the Diamonds' relegation out of the Football League this rivalry diminished in relevance, especially as this relegation led to the re-ignition of the Rushden-Kettering rivalry.

Other local rivals
Rushden also enjoyed rivalries with various other clubs throughout their history. Peterborough United and Luton Town were seen as small rivals during the club's Football League days, due to the relative geographical proximity of the three clubs. Following the Diamonds' relegation into the Conference, however (despite Luton's presence there also from 2009) these rivalries diminished considerably.

Rushden also had past rivalries from the club's younger years with Kidderminster Harriers, Cheltenham Town and Yeovil Town, with the three clubs often competing against each other in their various play-off and championship pushes.

Managers

Players

Retired numbers

1 –  Dale Roberts, Goalkeeper (2008–10) – posthumous honour.

Most appearances
Eight players have made over 200 appearances for the club:

Most goals

Top ten all-time goalscorers:

Other records

 Biggest home victory: Rushden & Diamonds 8–0 Gateshead, 13 March 2010.
 Biggest away victory: Weymouth 0–9 Rushden & Diamonds, 21 February 2009.
 Heaviest defeat: Coventry City 8–0 Rushden & Diamonds, EFL Cup, 2 October 2002.
 Record attendance: 6,431, vs Leeds United, FA Cup Third Round, 2 January 1999.
 Most goals in a league season: Darren Collins, 30, 1995–96.

Honours

League

Football Conference Play-Off Semi Finalists: 2009–10
Football League Division Three  Champions: 2002–03
Football League Division Three Play-Off Finalists: 2001–02
Football Conference Champions: 2000–01
Southern League Premier Division Champions: 1995–96
Southern League Division One Midlands Champions: 1993–94

Cups

Conference League Cup Runners-Up: 2008
NFA Hillier Cup Winners: 1994, 1999, 2007, 2008
NFA Maunsell Cup Winners: 1995, 2000, 2006, 2008
Conference Shield Winners: 2001
Southern League Championship Cup  Winners: 1997

References

External links

  (dead link 8 October 2022)
Stats from Rushden & Diamonds Football League days
Rushden Town Season History (1946–1992)
Irthlingborough Diamonds Season History (1964–1992)
Rushden & Diamonds Season History (1992–2011)
AFC Rushden & Diamonds Season History (2012–present)

Defunct football clubs in England
English Football League clubs
National League (English football) clubs
Defunct football clubs in Northamptonshire
Association football clubs established in 1992
Association football clubs disestablished in 2011
Southern Football League clubs
Rushden
1992 establishments in England
2011 disestablishments in England
Companies that have entered administration in the United Kingdom

Rushden & Diamonds F.C.


An Aegilops umbellulata in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Peter Mikhailovich Zhukovsky. An Aegilops umbellulata in nahilalakip ha genus nga Aegilops, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Aegilops

Aegilops umbellulata


بييرو دي كوزيمو (Piero di Cosimo) (فلورنسا، 1461 - 1521) رسام إيطالي من عصر النهضة.
كوزيمو كان بارعا في رسم الحيوانات، المصدر الوحيد لأيّ معلومات متوفّرة عن هذا الرسّام هو كتاب «حياة الفنّانين» للمؤرّخ الإيطاليّ جورجيو فاساري.

انظر أيضًا

 وليام جريسوولد

معرض صور

روابط خارجية

مراجع

رسامون إيطاليون
رسامون إيطاليون في القرن 15
رسامون إيطاليون في القرن 16
رسامون إيطاليون من عصر النهضة
مواليد 1462
مواليد في فلورنسا
وفيات 1522
وفيات في فلورنسا
رسامون من فلورنسا

بييرو دي كوزيمو