Caitlyn Taylor Love (* 16. Juni 1994 in Corpus Christi, Texas) ist eine US-amerikanische Schauspielerin und Sängerin, bekannt durch ihre Hauptrolle als Isabella "Izzy" Fuentes in der Fernsehserie Tripp's Rockband.

Leben und Karriere
Caitlyn Taylor Love wurde im Juni 1994 in Corpus Christi, im US-Bundesstaat Texas, geboren und ist in Harlingen aufgewachsen. Neben ihrer jüngeren Schwester und ihrem jüngeren Bruder hat sie auch zwei Halbbrüder. Im Alter von zehn Jahren gewann sie den Talentwettbewerb bei der Miss Texas Wahl, wodurch ihr Interesse am Showgeschäft geweckt wurde. 2004 gewann sie in New York den Miss Texas Jr. Preteen 2004 Award sowie einige andere Schauspiel- und Gesangspreise. Dann zog sie zusammen mit ihrer Familie nach Los Angeles, wo sie bereits nach kurzer Zeit in einem Gastauftritt in einer Episode der MTV-Serie Punk'd an einem Streich an der Sängerin Rihanna beteiligt war. Im Alter von zwölf Jahren bewarb sie sich bei der Musik-Castingshow American Idol, bei der sie es bis ins Halbfinale schaffte. Von 2009 bis 2011 hatte sie die Hauptrolle der Isabella "Izzy" Fuentes in der Disney-XD-Jugendserie Tripp's Rockband inne. Dafür wurde sie bei den Young Artist Awards 2012 als Beste Nebendarstellerin in einer Fernsehserie nominiert.

Seit April 2012 ist sie darüber hinaus als White Tiger bzw. Ava Alaya in der Zeichentrickserie Der ultimative Spider-Man, die auf der gleichnamigen Comicreihe der Marvel Comics über den fiktiven Helden Spider-Man basiert, zu sehen.

Filmografie (Auswahl)
 2009–2011: Tripp's Rockband (I'm in the Band, Fernsehserie)
 2012–2017: Der ultimative Spider-Man (Ultimate Spider-Man, Fernsehserie)

Weblinks

 Caitlyn Taylor Love bei Twitter

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
US-Amerikaner
Geboren 1994
Frau

Caitlyn Taylor Love


جزيرة مالطة أو جزيرة مالطا هي أكبر الجزر الثلاثة في الأرخبيل الذي يكون جمهورية مالطا. مالطا تقع في منتصف البحر المتوسط شمال ليبيا وجنوب إيطاليا، مساحتها 264 كم². وعاصمتها فاليتا، المنظر العام للجزيرة يعرف بواسطة التلال مع الحقول المجاورة للتلال.

المناخ
يظهر الجدول التالي التغييرات المناخية على مدار السنة لجزيرة مالطا:

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الدليل السياحي لمالطة
 معلومات عن التراث المالطي

الوحدات الإقليمية الإحصائية من المستوى الثالث في الاتحاد الأوروبي
جزر مالطا

جزيرة مالطا


Događaji

Rođenja

Smrti
 4. veljače – Sisinije, papa

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

708.


Evangelos-Vasileios «Vangelis» Meimarakis (græsk:Ευάγγελος-Βασίλειος "Βαγγέλης" Μεϊμαράκης, udtales: [eˌvaɲɟelos vaˌsilios vaɲˌɟelis meimaˈracis]; født 14. december 1953) er en græsk jurist og politiker (Nyt demokrati). Han har siden 5. juli 2015 været valgt til leder for sit parti.

Meimarakis var præsident i Grækenlands parlament fra 2012 til 2014 og forsvarsminister fra 2006 til 2009. Han har været medlem af parlamentet siden 1989.

Referencer

Personer fra Athen
Politikere fra Grækenland

Vangelis Meimarakis


{{Taksobitki
| ad = Sahil andız otu
| resim = Inula crithmoides.jpg
| alem = Plantae
| bölüm = Magnoliophyta (Kapalı tohumlular)
| sınıf = Magnoliopsida (İki çenekliler)
| takım = Asterales
| familya = Asteraceae (Papatyagiller)
| oymak = Inuleae
| cins = Inula (Andız otu)
| tür = I. crithmoides
| ikili_ad = Inula crithmoides
| ikili_ad_yazar = L.
| diğer_adları = Altuni andız otu
| dış_bağlantılar =
}}Sahil andız otu''' (Inula crithmoides''), papatyagiller (Asteraceae) familyasına ait çok yıllık yarı çalımsı bir bitki türü.

Deniz seviyesindeki tuzlu bataklıklar, hafif tuzlu topraklar ve deniz kenarlarında yetişir. Eylül-Kasım aylarında çiçek açar, 1 metreye kadar boylanabilir.

Dış bağlantılar
 Inula crithmoides
 Inula crithmoides

Inuleae
Tuzcul bitkiler
Sebzeler
Türkiye florasındaki asteraceae
Lübnan florası
Carl Linnaeus tarafından adlandırılmış taksonlar

Sahil andız otu


An Chloris arenaria in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Charles Leo Hitchcock ngan Erik Leonard Ekman. An Chloris arenaria in nahilalakip ha genus nga Chloris, ngan familia nga Poaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Cuba. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Chloris

Chloris arenaria


قد يقصد بالبحيرات السبع:

 بحيرة 16 تشرين: بحيرة تقع في محافظة اللاذقية شمال غرب سوريا، تسمى أحياناً البحيرات السبع أو بحيرة مشقيتا.
 البحيرات السبع (تركيا): مجموعة بحيرات تقع في حديقة يديغولور الوطنية بمحافظة بولو التركية.
 البحيرات السبع (كارولينا الشمالية): مقاطعة في ولاية كارولينا الشمالية الأمريكية.

البحيرات السبع (توضيح)


Volhynian Voivodeship (, , , Volynske voievodstvo) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1566 until 1569 and of the Polish Crown within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from the 1569 Union of Lublin until the Third Partition of Poland in 1795. It was part of the Ruthenian lands in the Lesser Poland Province.

Description
The voivodeship was established based on the Łuck Eldership (starostvo) in 1566 with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Following the 1569 union of Lublin, it was ceded to the Crown of Poland as part of the Lesser Poland (Malopolska) Province.

The capital of the voivodeship was in Łuck (presentday Lutsk), and it had three senators in the Senate of the Commonwealth. These were the Bishop of Luck, the Voivode of Volhynia and the Castellan of Volhynia. Volhynian Voivodeship was divided into three counties: Luck, Wlodzimierz and Krzemieniec. Local starostas resided in the three capitals of the counties, while sejmiks took place at Luck. The voivodeship had two deputies in the Polish Sejm, and one deputy in the Lesser Poland Tribunal in Lublin.

Zygmunt Gloger in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland provides this description of Volhynian Voivodeship:

Administration
Seat of Voivodeship Governor and regional sejmik:
 Łuck

Regional council (sejmik generalny) for all Ruthenian lands
 Sądowa Wisznia

Administrative division

Counties (powiats)
 Luck County (Powiat Łucki), Łuck
 Wlodzimierz County (Powiat Włodzimirski), Włodzimierz
 Krzemieniec County (Powiat Krzemieniecki), Krzemieniec

Free royal cities

Kowel
Krzemieniec
Łuck
Milanowicze
Ratno
Świniuchy
Włodzimierz
Wyszniwka

Selected voivodes
 Janusz Ostrogski (since 1558)
 Aleksander Ostrogski (since 1593)
 Adam Aleksander Sanguszko (1630–1653)
 Mikołaj Hieronim Sieniawski (since 1679)
 Franciszek Salezy Potocki (in 1755 only)
 Józef Kanty Ossoliński (1757–1775; resigned)

Sources
 Volhynian Voivodeship, description by Zygmunt Gloger
 Central European Superpower, Henryk Litwin, BUM Magazine, October 2016.

See also
 Volhynia
 Volyns'ka oblast'

Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Former voivodeships of Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Early Modern history of Ukraine
History of Lithuania (1569–1795)
History of Volhynia
History of Lesser Poland
1566 establishments in Europe
1566 establishments in Lithuania
1795 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth

Volhynian Voivodeship (1569–1795)


USS Cheyenne (SSN-773), the final , is the third ship of the United States Navy to be named for Cheyenne, Wyoming. The contract to build her was awarded to Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in Newport News, Virginia on 28 November 1989 and her keel was laid down on 6 July 1992.  She was launched on 16 April 1995 sponsored by Mrs. Ann Simpson, wife of Wyoming Senator Alan K. Simpson, and commissioned on 13 September 1996, with Commander Peter H. Ozimik in command. Cheyenne transferred to her homeport of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 1998.

Cheyenne has served as a trials platform for flat-screen, interoperative sonar displays based on commercially available equipment.

Cheyenne was the first ship to launch Tomahawk missiles in Operation Iraqi Freedom under the command of CDR Charles Doty. Cheyenne would go on to successfully launch her entire complement of Tomahawks, earning a "clean sweep" for combat actions in the final three months of a nine-month deployment. This dubbed her "First To Strike". Her motto is "Ride the Legend".

USS Cheyenne was the final Los Angeles–class submarine built by Newport News Shipyards.  Following the construction of USS Cheyenne, Newport News began preparation for construction of the .

History
Between 25 and 27 March 2006, a series of anti-submarine warfare exercises were held in Hawaiian waters that included USS Cheyenne; Carrier Strike Group Nine, the nuclear-powered attack submarines , , , and , as well as land-based P-3 Orion aircraft from patrol squadrons VP-4, VP-9, and VP-47.

In popular culture
Cheyenne is the primary subject of the book SSN by Tom Clancy, battling the People's Liberation Army Navy in a fictional war over the Spratly Islands. She is also featured in the video game by Tom Clancy called SSN.
In the 2000 novel Quicksilver by Judith and Garfield Reeves-Stevens, Cheyenne was ordered to fire a Tomahawk TLAM Block Four cruise missile, under manual control of Weapons Officer Lt. Miken Marano, at the River Entrance of the Pentagon.
In To the Death by Patrick Robinson, Cheyenne is tasked with shadowing an Iranian Kilo on a path through the Mediterranean Sea.

References

External links

1995 ships
Submarines of the United States
Los Angeles-class submarines
Nuclear submarines of the United States Navy
Ships built in Newport News, Virginia

USS Cheyenne (SSN-773)


Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme
FIM Superstock 1000 Cup
Fabbrica Italiana Macchine
Federazione Italiana Metalmeccanici
Fédération internationale des musiciens
Forschungsinstitut für Mathematik
Frente Independiente Moralizador
Forefront Identity Manager
Finska marka
FIM-92 Stinger
FIM-43 Redeye
Sukob FIM-a i IRTA-e, sukob  Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme  i International Road-Racing Teams Association

FIM


The Diocese of Sydney is a diocese in Sydney, within the Province of New South Wales of the Anglican Church of Australia. The majority of the diocese is evangelical and low church in tradition.

The diocese goes as far as Lithgow in the west and the Hawkesbury River in the north, and it includes much of the New South Wales south coast. It encompasses Australia's largest city as well as the city of Wollongong, and includes Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. It is, geographically, among the larger Anglican dioceses in the world, though the smallest diocese in the state of New South Wales and one of the smaller dioceses in Australia. By attendance, it is also by far the largest diocese in the Anglican Church of Australia; in 2011, its 58,300 weekly attenders accounted for 37.6 percent of the Anglican Church's weekly attendance of 155,000, and in 2015, the diocese's 688 active clergy accounted for 28.1 percent of the active clergy across the church. As of 2023, the diocese reported that 48,000 adults, or about one percent of the total population in its boundaries, regularly attend services at Diocese of Sydney churches.

Kanishka Raffel, formerly Dean of St Andrew's Cathedral, Sydney since 4 February 2016, was elected as Archbishop of Sydney on 6 May 2021, and was consecrated and installed in that position on 28 May 2021.

History

Foundations

Richard Johnson
The Anglican ministry has been present in Sydney since its foundation in 1788. An Evangelical cleric, Richard Johnson, was the first chaplain to the new colony of New South Wales and was sponsored by the London Missionary Society. Other chaplains, notably Samuel Marsden and William Cowper, were also sent. Their positions were unusual as their stipends were paid partly by the colonial government and some (Marsden among them) received large grants of land from the governor of the colony. Some (again including Marsden) were also magistrates. The early chaplains (Johnson and Marsden) were under the authority of the governor, as per their commissions. In 1802, Governor King declared the Parish of St. Phillip's Sydney (later named St Philip's Church, Sydney, after the Apostle) and St. John's Parramatta, (later St John's Cathedral, Parramatta) and 'that the churches now building at Sydney and Parramatta be named Saint Phillip and Saint John.'

Thomas Hobbes Scott
In 1825 Thomas Hobbes Scott the former secretary to J. T. Bigge, the commissioner of the inquiry into the administration of the colony of New South Wales by Governor Lachlan Macquarie, was appointed the first Archdeacon of Australia while still under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Calcutta. The archdeaconry was created as a corporation sole.

In his position as archdeacon, Scott was a member of the Legislative Council (ranking next behind the Lieutenant Governor) and had almost complete control of all church matters. The Colonial Office appointed him King's Visitor to schools and so he became responsible for public education throughout the colony. His educational policy was guided by the principle that the church and education were inseparably connected and the funds to sustain them were administered by the same trustees. Since this view was shared by the Colonial Office, the Governor Bathurst, in March 1826, created the Corporation of the Trustees of Church and School Lands, granting one-seventh of the lands of New South Wales to the corporation for the purposes of the Church of England and education in the colony. Scott became the ex officio Vice-President (the President being the Governor.)

It was mainly the combination of Archdeacon Scott's official positions as a member of the Legislative Council, as King's Visitor and also as Vice-President of the Corporation of Church and School Lands and of the substantial nature of the granting of the lands to the Corporation that led to Courts later holding that at this time the Church of England was the established church in the Colony of New South Wales. Scott retired in 1829 and was succeeded by William Grant Broughton. Scott was shipwrecked while returning to England and assisted the Anglican ministry in the new colony of Western Australia and then in establishing a Church of England chaplaincy in Batavia in the then Dutch East Indies.

William Grant Broughton

William Grant Broughton succeeded Scott in 1828. During the time that Broughton was the archdeacon the corporation was abolished and the Church of England lost its favoured place and other Christian churches were also awarded glebe land in towns in the colony.

The Diocese of Australia was formed by letters patent dated 18 January 1836 and Broughton was enthroned as Bishop of Australia on 5 June 1836. He then lost the ex officio position on the Legislative Council (though regaining it briefly later before the creation of a partly elected council in 1842). He continued an education policy and established The King's School, Sydney.

Formation of the diocese
The Diocese of Tasmania separated from the Diocese of Australia in 1842. In 1842 (after the erections of New Zealand and Tasmania dioceses), her jurisdiction was described as "Australia, Norfolk Island" (but not "Van Diemen's Land") or "New South Wales, Port Phillip (i.e. Victoria), Norfolk Island, South Australia". By letters patent of 25 June 1847, the Diocese of Australia was divided into the four separate dioceses of Sydney, Adelaide, Newcastle and Melbourne. Broughton remained as Bishop of Sydney; he became metropolitan bishop and the Diocese of Sydney recognised as the metro-political see over Newcastle, Adelaide, Melbourne, Tasmania and New Zealand. The Diocese of Sydney has been led by an archbishop since 1897.

Moore Theological College

The diocese initially relied upon priests and bishops who were trained in and had migrated from England and Ireland. Broughton had attempted to found a theological college but it closed in 1849. In 1856, Moore Theological College opened, the official theological college (seminary) for Sydney Anglicans. Since that time it has grown in size and stature. In 2006 it had in excess of 450 students, many of whom end up in ministry outside the ecclesiastical and geographical boundaries of the Sydney diocese.

Anglican Church League
Since the beginning of the 20th century, Evangelicals within the diocese were concerned about growing Anglo-Catholicism and Modernism within the church and fought very hard to preserve Sydney's Evangelical nature—especially as Tractarian clergy had started arriving from England in the 19th century. Out of this came the Anglican Church League, a body of Evangelicals who worked in the politics of the diocese to further the Evangelical cause. Currently, all bishops and most senior officeholders in the diocese are members of the Anglican Church League.

Anglicans Together
In response to the dominance of Evangelicalism and Calvinism in the diocese, a number of other Anglicans and parishes identified with different Anglican traditions of churchmanship, such as Anglo-Catholicism and Broad Church, have joined in the formation of an organisation called Anglicans Together. The organisation supports traditional forms of Anglican liturgy, such as the Book of Common Prayer, as well as encouraging a broader spectrum of theological perspective. Members of Anglicans Together also support celebrating the Eucharist every Sunday and its focus as the principal form of Christian worship. The use of vestments for clergy and an emphasis on the Catholic nature of Anglicanism are also supported.

Characteristics of Sydney Anglicanism

Evangelical distinctives
Most Sydney Anglicans stand within the evangelical English Puritan traditions. Evangelicals within the diocese see themselves as standing in the heritage of the English Reformation and direct the diocese accordingly. As such the diocese officially holds to belief in the divine inspiration and authority of scripture in line with the official statement of Anglican belief, the "Articles of Religion" (more commonly known as the Thirty-Nine Articles). There are, however, a number of beliefs that differentiate the Evangelicalism of the Diocese of Sydney from other Evangelical traditions:

Typological interpretation of the Old Testament—a biblical theological approach which interprets Old Testament prophecies regarding the Land of Israel, the Jerusalem Temple and the Davidic Kingdom as having a typological rather than literal fulfilment in the New Covenant; thus rejecting dispensationalism and Christian Zionism which are more characteristic of American Evangelicalism. This approach is described by Graeme Goldsworthy, a Sydney theologian, in his book According to Plan.
Identification of church with the local congregation as opposed to a diocese or denomination. Sydney's ecclesiology, influenced by the former Principal and Vice-Principal of Moore College David Broughton Knox and Donald Robinson (later respectively Principal of George Whitefield College and Archbishop of Sydney) among others, believes that the church is God's people meeting around God's Word. This leads to church meetings being centred around the public reading, explanation and response to God's Word. Further, Anglicans in Sydney generally identify themselves primarily with their local congregation rather than a denomination or institution, and place less emphasis on the celebration of Holy Communion (called the Eucharist by many Anglicans) than do Anglicans of many other dioceses.
The importance of evangelism and a personal faith.

Sydney Anglicans have been described as fundamentalist and sect-like by their opponents. They respond by arguing that whereas fundamentalists interpret all parts of the Bible literally Evangelicals in Sydney interpret the Bible in the context of the literary genre.

Affiliation with Anglican doctrine
For most of the last 450 years Anglicans worldwide have used the Book of Common Prayer framed by Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer in 1549, revised significantly in 1552 and modified slightly in 1662. They have also subscribed to, or otherwise acknowledged as foundational, the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion as listed in the Book of Common Prayer. While the Book of Common Prayer is no longer used in many Sydney churches, the diocese still fully affirms the doctrine and principles embodied within it as they interpret them. In keeping with the theologically reformed character of the 39 Articles, the diocese holds the view that all church doctrine and traditions are subject to the authority of Scripture.

Disassociation from Anglican tradition
There are some areas of church practice that are being challenged within the diocese that have potential ramifications for the wider Anglican Communion. The system of episcopal order is under review with some eager to redefine some of the roles of the threefold order of deacons, priests and bishops.

The diocese is considering whether the laying on of hands at confirmation could be performed by the rector of the parish. Although confirmation by a priest is common practice in Orthodoxy and is permitted in certain circumstances in Roman Catholicism, in the Anglican tradition confirmation can only be celebrated by a bishop. In 2005, possibly as a precursor to this change, the diocese formally removed the requirement of confirmation prior to partaking of communion for those who have been baptised as adults. However, it is common practice throughout the diocese to allow all adults who profess genuine repentance and Christian faith to receive communion regardless of whether they have been baptised or confirmed.

Lay presidency (also known as "Lay Administration of Holy Communion") is being considered, whereby the Lord's Supper could be celebrated by deacons and authorised laity, including women. According to current church law, only ordained priests and bishops are allowed to preside at the Lord's Supper. An ordinance to permit lay presidency was not proceeded with at the diocesan synod in 2005 due to concerns regarding its legality. However, this issue hasn't died and new motions are being drafted ready to be put before the next diocesan synod. In October 2008, the Australian Church Record and the Anglican Church League published The Lord's Supper in Human Hands. Who Should Administer?, which describes the forty-year discussion of this issue in Sydney and summarises the debate. Although Sydney was not the first diocese, nor the only one, in which this issue has been raised, it has been discussed within the diocese for a number of years. This publication has been widely distributed so that the Anglican Communion might examine and consider Sydney's discussions.

Liturgical practice
Few churches sing canticles and responses, either from the 1662 Book of Common Prayer or An Australian Prayer Book.

The term "meeting" is sometimes used interchangeably with "service". The most notable example of this is St Andrew's Cathedral. Many meetings at Evangelical churches in the diocese do not use a prayer book or a liturgical form of service. There is often an early morning (e.g. 8.00 am) service that follows Morning Prayer or Holy Communion from An Australian Prayer Book. Even where no formal liturgy is used many core elements of Anglican liturgy may still be used for congregational participation, such as a corporate confession of sin, saying of creeds and corporate prayers. A screen and projector may be used in place of books. Lay or congregational participation in Sydney churches also occurs through Bible readings, leading intercessory prayer, leading the meetings, testimonies and interviews, singing and playing music. In many parishes fermented communion wine has been replaced with grape juice. Predominantly, the reason given for this is to be sensitive to people for whom alcohol could cause a problem.

Vestments
Since 1911 the diocese has prohibited the wearing of the chasuble, a vestment now generally worn elsewhere in Australia for the celebration of the Eucharist. Traditionally in Sydney most clergy have worn the choir habit for all services but a few have also worn a cope and stole when celebrating the Eucharist and at certain other services. This prohibition against chasubles was originated by Archbishop Wright, an English Evangelical, who did so on the basis that the vestment was deemed illegal, relying on decisions of the English ecclesiastical courts as finally upheld in the Privy Council in Read v Bishop of Lincoln [1892] AC 664 (see also Ritualist movement). The main objection to this vestment in the mind of Sydney Anglicans is that it is associated with the high church idea of a "sacrificing" priesthood. That idea is contrary to Sydney's low church views of both Holy Communion and of the role and function of the ordained ministry. The archbishop's practice has since been codified by a synod ordinance, making Sydney the only diocese in the whole Anglican Communion that continues to ban the wearing of chasubles, reinforcing the perceived ongoing disapproval of Anglo-Catholics in the diocese.

The cope, therefore, is often worn at Anglo-Catholic churches where the celebrant at the Eucharist would conventionally wear the chasuble. In general those clergy who robe wear a cassock, surplice, scarf and, occasionally, also an academic hood. Since about 1990 there has sometimes been a practice of wearing a long surplice without a cassock, particularly through the summer. Most clergy in the diocese, however, dispense even with these robes, conducting church services in street clothes ranging from a suit and tie or clerical collar, to smart casual attire.

Influential people

Theological influences
{{quote box|quote= Now the centrality of Scripture wasn't a new idea. John Stott had come in the 60s and encouraged us to be expositors, and modelled it for us; Broughton Knox had been teaching for years about the centrality of the Bible and exposition; John Chapman ('Chappo') and Dudley Foord taught us to do it, and set up the School of Preachers, and so on. So the idea of expository preaching of the Scriptures was already there and active. And I'm an heir of that.

Likewise, biblical theology had been developed by Donald Robinson and then Graeme Goldsworthy. So teaching the Scriptures as a whole, with a Christ-centredness of understanding, was part of our inheritance. And that was distinctively important.

Where we moved was: if that's what the Bible says, and we are preaching and expounding that, let's change what we're doing to be in accordance with it. It was the practical outworking of that movement of expository Bible teaching and biblical theology.

|source=—Philip Jensen, Starting small: Interview with Phillip Jensen, 17 November, 2014|width=30%|align=right|style=padding:8px;}}
The Sydney diocese has been shaped by the activities and beliefs of many influential people throughout the 20th century:

T. C. Hammond was an Anglican from Ireland who moved to Australia to become the Principal of Moore Theological College during the 1930s. Hammond's influence was critical as he injected an intellectual Calvinism into his students. The book In Understanding Be Men, a summary of Christian doctrine, was his lasting legacy and it is still in print today.
David Broughton Knox was Principal of Moore Theological College from 1959 until 1985. Along with Donald Robinson (Vice-Principal from 1959 until 1972), Knox pioneered the study of Biblical theology, which in turn influenced the Sydney Anglican ecclesiology. Knox was strongly opposed to Anglo-Catholic practices in parish ministry. Knox promoted the dominant role of the male, both as head of the house and head of the church.
John Chapman was Director of Sydney's Department of Evangelism (now Evangelism Ministries) from 1970 until 1995. He used his ability as a public speaker and evangelist to promote local church missions. Evangelism thus became a priority within the Sydney Anglican churches at around the same time that church-going became less important to mainstream Australia. Chapman's influence ensured that Sydney Anglicans were able to mobilise in evangelism to prevent too many people from leaving the churches.
Billy Graham, the American evangelist, visited Sydney for crusades in 1959, 1968 and 1979. Many who were converted at the 1959 crusade ended up studying at Moore Theological College and entering the ministry, including Peter Jensen and Phillip Jensen (below). The 1959 crusade had a permanent influence on Sydney Anglicans, who placed a great priority on preaching the gospel and calling for a personal decision of faith.
John Stott, the English preacher and former Rector of All Souls, Langham Place, visited Australia many times during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. He introduced Sydney Anglicans to expository preaching as the main method of preaching sermons. Thus many Anglican churches in Sydney are regularly exposed to a preaching style that works through Bible passages, explains them and applies them to everyday life. Rather than preaching topical or theological sermons, Sydney Anglican preachers are more likely to preach systematically through verses, chapters and books of the Bible. However, prominent figures within the influential Anglican Church League have criticised Stott for supporting the doctrine of Annihilationism.
Peter Jensen entered Moore Theological College in the late 1960s and was appointed principal in 1985. In 2001 he was elected Archbishop of Sydney and he immediately called on all churches in the Sydney diocese to aim to reach 10% of their communities by 2012.
Phillip Jensen, Peter Jensen's younger brother, became chaplain to the University of New South Wales in 1975 and Rector of St Matthias' Centennial Park in 1977. He is deeply conservative in his Calvinist theology yet radical and iconoclastic in his ministry style. His work at the University of New South Wales included the creation of the Ministry Training Strategy (MTS) which trained young men and women in practical ministry skills before sending them to Moore Theological College. In 2003 Jensen was appointed as Dean of St Andrew's Cathedral in Sydney.
D. A. Carson, Canadian-born Reformed Evangelical New Testament theologian, currently teaching at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School in Chicago, Illinois. Carson is a regular visitor to the Anglican Diocese of Sydney.

Notable former archbishops

Howard West Kilvinton Mowll, archbishop from 1933 to 1958. Mowll's vision for church planting, overseas missions, and church welfare work is unrivalled in Australian history. As a staunch Evangelical, returning from the mission field of China, Mowll experienced early difficulties in a predominantly liberal church; before rising to national prominence during the war years with his assistance rendered to many in need during this time. Within a month of World War II starting he had formed the Church of England National Emergency Fund (CENEF) which was supported with volunteers and fundraising by the Sydney Diocesan Churchwomen's Association. CENEF funded huts for recreation and chaplains in military camps around Sydney, as well as at St Andrew's Cathedral and other churches around Sydney. To continue to help ex-service people after the war and youth work, CENEF raised funds to buy 201 Castlereagh Street, Sydney, and Rathane in the Royal National Park. CENEF leveraged the Castlereagh St building to buy land at Gilbulla and  in  for a retirement village. This retirement village was one of his great achievements (some say Dorothy, Mowll's wife, was the driving force behind the idea), and became the first retirement village in Australia. Today this site remains the flagship for the Diocese's Anglican Retirement Villages. In 1947, following WWII, Mowll was elected Primate of Australia.
Marcus Loane, archbishop from 1966 to 1982. Loane was the first Australian-born Archbishop of Sydney and was the Primate of Australia from 1978 to 1982.
Donald Robinson, archbishop from 1982 to 1993. As a theologian and former Vice-Principal of Moore Theological College, he was highly regarded in Sydney for his evangelical teaching. He put much energy into church planting in new housing areas and in building up existing churches in populous low-income suburbs. He was strongly opposed to the ordination of women.
Harry Goodhew, archbishop from 1993 to 2001. Appointed as a moderate "conservative", Goodhew attempted to heal rifts within the Diocese while maintaining a conservative Evangelical stance. He continued to promote the Archbishop's Vision for Growth founded by Robinson. Goodhew opened pathways between the Anglican Diocese of Sydney and other churches, promoted communication between Christians and Jews and supported the Roman Catholic-founded Cursillo movement which rapidly expanded among some more progressive Anglicans within the Diocese. To ease the tensions involved in the debate over women's ordination, Goodhew placed a moratorium on discussing the issue for a time.

Relationships, politics and policy

Relationship with Australian Anglicanism
For most of the last century the uncompromisingly Evangelical positions adopted by the leaders of the Sydney diocese have contrasted with that of most other Anglican dioceses in Australia which have tended to be more Anglo-Catholic in their style of worship. This contrast helped to delay the adoption of a constitution for the Australian church and, in 1942, led to legal action being taken, ostensibly by members of the parish of Canowindra, a small town in the Diocese of Bathurst, but strongly supported by members of the Sydney diocese, Broughton Knox and T. C. Hammond (who both gave evidence in the ensuing proceedings) against the then Bishop of Bathurst, Arnold Lomas Wylde. In these proceedings, which ended in a split decision in the High Court of Australia, those bringing the action sought to prevent the parishes in the Bathurst diocese from using "The Red Book", a devotional manual authorised by the bishop.

These differences in teaching and style of worship have become more marked in recent years as those leading the Diocese of Sydney allege that other dioceses have become theologically liberal. This has placed continued strain on relationships with those other dioceses. As a consequence of this some parishes outside the Sydney diocese are reluctant to invite Sydney-trained clergy to ministry positions and, conversely, clergy trained outside Sydney are rarely invited to minister within the Sydney diocese. However, many of the large and growing Evangelical churches in dioceses such as Adelaide and Perth continue to recruit some clergy and lay staff trained at Moore College.

 Affiliation with the FIEC
Some Sydney Anglicans were involved in planting independent evangelical churches in other parts of Australia, now member churches of the denomination called the Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches (FIEC) Australia.  Other Anglican churches objected to the Sydney diocese helping to plant churches outside its boundariesABC TV, Four Corners, "An unholy row", 19 June 2000, transcript begins at 38:35 and the complementarian views of FIEC churches have been questioned in the secular press. Prominent Sydney clergy such as Phillip Jensen and the Moore College principal, John Woodhouse, have been on the boards of some of these churches. At the 2005 synod links between Sydney Anglicans and independent Evangelical churches were strengthened and in 2019, fourteen FIEC churches were affiliated with the Sydney diocese.Year Book of the Diocese of Sydney, 2016 to 2019 Moore College describes itself as the training partner for the FIEC.

Relationship with the charismatic movement
The Sydney diocese has been less influenced by the charismatic movement than some other dioceses. While there are some parishes with strong charismatic leanings, most clergy support the doctrinal position that Christians are "filled" with the Holy Spirit at the time of conversion rather than as a separate Christian experience (as believed by some Pentecostals). As with other mainstream Christian church traditions, there is a fundamental belief in the central role of the Holy Spirit in conversion and sanctification of believers and the Fruit of the Holy Spirit is expected to be exhibited by all Christians.

Relationships within the diocese
Within the Sydney diocese there are parishes which support a range of doctrinal positions or use formal liturgical styles of worship that differ from the Evangelicalism which is dominant within the diocese. Differences can become politicised prior to the election of an archbishop with a number of clergy coalescing into like-minded groups. The two most visible groups are The Anglican Church League who support the Diocese's majority Evangelical position and Anglicans Together who are more theologically broad in their understanding of the Bible and promote a diversity of liturgical practice, which they believe to be in line with the Lambeth Quadrilateral.

Anglican realignment
The diocese has been a major force in the Anglican realignment movement, since the election of the first openly non-celibate gay bishop in the Anglican Communion, Gene Robinson, by the Episcopal Church of the United States in 2003. The Diocese of Sydney and Archbishop Peter Jensen in particular have been active in the Global Anglican Future Conference (GAFCON) and in the Global South, seeking a renewed Anglican Communion, more faithful to their understanding of Christian orthodoxy. In this way, the Diocese of Sydney supported the birth of the Anglican Church in North America as an alternative to the Episcopal Church and, in October 2009, their synod approved a resolution calling for the admission of the new province into the Anglican Communion. The resolution stated that the "Synod welcomes the creation of the Province of the Anglican Church in North America (ACNA) under the leadership of Archbishop Bob Duncan and notes the GAFCON Primates Council recognition of the ACNA as genuinely Anglican and its recommendation that Anglican Provinces affirm full communion with the ACNA. Synod therefore expresses its desire to be in full communion with the ACNA". It was also decided to seek a General Synod motion expressing the Anglican Church of Australia purpose to be in full communion with the new province.

Sydney diocese and politics
Some external commentators (including the retired American bishop John Shelby Spong, Sydney Morning Herald writer Chris McGillion and journalist Muriel Porter) have attempted to link Sydney Evangelicals to the conservative "right". While most Sydney clergy strongly support conservative positions on controversial areas such as euthanasia, homosexuality and abortion, they also strongly support social justice issues such as protection of the rights of the underprivileged and the rights of unauthorised immigrants seeking refugee status.

This "left" wing element has a lengthy history. Archdeacon R. B. Hammond (no relation to T. C. Hammond) who was the rector of St Barnabas' Broadway operated soup kitchens during the 1930s and was then a founders of a self-help community which became known as Hammondville where unemployed people built homes, established market gardens and so found work. More lately Sir Marcus Loane was noted for his criticisms of the then Liberal-Country Party coalition governments on issues relating to Vietnamese refugees after the end of the Vietnam War, seeking the ready admission of refugees to Australia. Loane was also outspoken on issues involving uranium mining. There have been clergy willing to speak out against the more conservative policies of the Diocese of Sydney. In 2007, Keith Mascord (formerly of Mission Australia) sent an open letter to the Standing Committee, revealing disgruntlements of people within the church (both leaders and congregation members) and suggesting alternative ways forward.Report of the Standing Committee meeting held on 15 October 2007, Sydney Diocesan Secretariat. Retrieved 20 October 2008.

The perception that Sydney Anglicans have adopted fundamentalism (see comments under Evangelical distinctives) has led to assumptions that the diocese gives implicit support for "right leaning" politicians in Australia.

In 2017, the Sydney Anglican Diocese donated $1,000,000 to the "No" campaign in response to the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey about same sex marriage.

Ecumenical relations
While the Anglican communion's largest evangelical diocese has worked closely with its Roman Catholic counterpart on social issues for many years, the doctrinal divisions between Calvinists and Catholics are too great to be overcome by a common distaste for liberal Anglicanism. On 28 October 2009, the Diocese of Sydney's synod adopted a resolution urging all Anglicans to reject the Vatican's establishment of personal ordinariates for disaffected Anglo-Catholic traditionalists.

Sexual abuse, incidence and policy
The diocese has been disturbed by revelations of sexual abuse, which has been shown to be very common in government bodies, for-profit entities and other non-government organisations including churches. Victor Roland Cole, a member of the standing committee and a former president of the Anglican Church League, was named in the Paedophile Enquiry of the Royal Commission into the New South Wales Police Service. In March 2003, Cole was defrocked on the grounds of sexual misconduct involving a 14-year-old girl. Other cases were examined by the commission but not dealt with in public hearings.  In 1996, the Diocese established the Church Discipline Ordinance which provides a mechanism for allegations and complaints to be dealt with and wrongdoers to be removed from their positions in the diocese.

The diocese is committed to safe ministry and the wellbeing of all those who participate in the activities of the church and there is zero tolerance for misconduct and abuse. The Professional Standards Unit (PSU) is responsible for receiving and taking care of complaints of child abuse or sexual misconduct by clergy and church workers.

Women's ordination

One of the main differences between Sydney and the majority of other Anglican dioceses in Australia has been its unwillingness to ordain women to the priesthood (itself a term infrequently used in the diocese) or presbyterate. This issue is an indicator of Sydney's specificity in ecclesiology and theology to most other dioceses within the Anglican Communion.

The diocese has ordained women as deacons since 1989.

See also

List of Anglican churches in the Diocese of Sydney
Sydney Missionary and Bible College
Katoomba Christian ConventionThe Briefing''
Church Missionary Society
Evangelical Anglicanism
Low church
Calvinism
Fellowship of Confessing Anglicans
GAFCON

References

Further reading

External links

Diocesan organisations
St Andrew's Cathedral
Sydney Diocesan Services
Anglican Youthworks
Anglican Retirement Villages Diocese of Sydney
Diocesan Registry & Diocesan Archives
Anglican Media Sydney

Churchmanship organisations
Anglican Church League – Evangelical Anglican
Anglicans Together – Broad Church and Catholic Anglican

Sydney Anglican culture
Anglican Aid
Anglicare
Campus Bible Study – University of New South Wales
Katoomba Christian Convention
Matthias Media (The Briefing)
Moore Theological College
Ministry Training Strategy
St James' King Street – oldest church building in the City of Sydney
Sydney University Evangelical Union

Sydney
Anglican realignment dioceses
Evangelicalism in Australia
Evangelical Anglicanism
Organisations based in Sydney
1836 establishments in Australia

Anglican Diocese of Sydney


Atripuy, nekadašnja provincija, spominje ju Oñate (Doc. Ined., xvi, 114-116, 1871.) 1598. kao provinciju koja sadrži 42 puebla u regiji donjeg toka Rio Grande, današnj Novi Meksiko. Ime je vjerojatno izvedeno iz imena sela plemena Jumano. Prvi pueblo ove pokrajine, putujući prema sjeveru, bio je Trenaquel; drugi Qualacu, Bandelier oba identificira kao sela IndfijanacaPiros koji su naselili dolinu Rio Grande od ispod Islete pa do San Marciala, Novi Meksiko. Stoga (kaže Hodge) se može zaključiti da je Atripuy bilo ime primijenjeno na zemlju koju su u to vrijeme naseljavali Pirosi.

Puebli (nije kompletirano): Amo, Aponitre, Aquicabo, Atepua, Ayqui, Canocan, Cantensapué, Cunquilipinoy, Encaquiagualcaca.

Izvori

Piro (Tanoan)

Atripuy


Lahar (en hindi: लहार ) es una localidad de la India en el distrito de Bhind, estado de Madhya Pradesh.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 267  a 326 km de la capital estatal, Bhopal, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según estimación 2010 contaba con una población de 39 563 habitantes.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Madhya Pradesh

Lahar (India)


Republika Hrvatska i Republika Jemen održavaju diplomatske odnose od 17. siječnja 1993. Sjedište veleposlanstva je u Kairu.

Veleposlanici
Hrvatska nema rezidentno veleposlanstvo u Jemenu. Veleposlanstvo Republike Hrvatske u Arapskoj Republici Egipat pokriva Bahrein, Džibuti, Eritreja, Etiopiju, Irak, Jemen, Jordan, Libanon, Saudijsku Arabiju, Siriju, Sudan i UAE.

Vidi još
Ministarstvo vanjskih i europskih poslova Republike Hrvatske

Vanjske poveznice
 Jemen na stranici MVEP-a

Izvori

Jemen

Popis hrvatskih veleposlanika u Jemenu


منصور بشير التركي هو لاعب كرة قدم سعودي معتزل، لعب لنادي الهلال في مركز المهاجم.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

 صفحة اللاعب على موقع نادي الهلال

لاعبو نادي الهلال (السعودية)
لاعبو كرة قدم سعوديون
لاعبو دوري المحترفين السعودي

منصور بشير


بوفاتح سبقاق هو قاص وروائي من الجزائر. بدأ النشر في الصحف الوطنية منذ 1988م. من مواليد مدينة تقرت 07 جانفي 1969 بالجنوب الشرقي الجزائري. نشر في مجلة العربي الكويتية وأسبوعية أخبار الأدب المصرية. حاز على جائزة عبد الحميد هدوقة للقصة القصيرة. أصدرت الناقدة الأردنية سعاد جبر دراسة نقدية حول أعماله بعنوان / ثنائية النخبة والمواطن في كتابات بوفاتح سبقاق القصصية. عضو اتحاد الكتاب الجزائريين. حاز على جائزة مسابقة همسة للقصة القصيرة بالقاهرة سنة 2015. عضو جمعية الجاحظية

الأعمال
 رجل الأفكار - مجموعة قصصية - سنة 2000.
 الرقص مع الكلاب - مجموعة قصصية سنة 2002.
 رواية الإعصار الهادئ - سنة 2007.
 لقاء لم يكتمل - مجموعة قصصية سنة 2015
 استدعي إلى مهام أخرى - مجموعة قصصية 2017
 ترجمت بعض قصصه إلى اللغة الفرنسية سنة 2014 بكتاب معنون La Proposition magique
 ما    بعد     الخطوط  الحمراء -  مجموعة  قصصية -- سنة   2023

مراجع
قاموس   الأدباء  الجزائريين  -  دار  الحضارة -   الجزائر

قاموس  ادباء  ولاية   تقرت   2023

روائيون جزائريون

بوفاتح سبقاق


Un trio pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano est un trio composé d'une clarinette, d'un violoncelle et d'un piano, ou représente une pièce écrite pour ce type d'ensemble.

Cette formation est similaire au trio avec piano classique dans lequel le violon est remplacé par la clarinette. L'hétérogénéité des timbres entre la clarinette et le violoncelle empêche leur utilisation en bloc contre le piano, mais elle offre de nombreuses autres possibilités musicales.

Les trios constitués ayant une longue carrière (comme le Trio Montecino) sont très rares, mais la littérature est souvent interprétée par des ensembles spécialisés pour jouer les œuvres Pierrot lunaire et Quatuor pour la fin du temps, comme le , ainsi que par des groupes ad hoc.

Répertoire

Le répertoire original pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano (par nom de compositeur avec date et éditeur quand ils sont connus) comprend :

 (né en 1948)
 Trio (2017)
 James Aikman (né en 1959)
 Trio pour clarinette en si bémol, violoncelle et piano.
 (1846-1928)
Trio op. 11 en mi bémol
Fantasiestucke Op. 12 (à l'origine pour alto, clarinette et piano)
 Simul : Lumini, Sombri (2004) pour clarinette en la, violoncelle et piano
Georges Aperghis (1945)
Trio (1996)
Edward Applebaum (b. 1937)
Montages (1969 Wilhelm Hansen/J&W Chester)
Sérgio Azevedo (b. 1968)
Trio Berliner (2004, AVA-Editions musicales)
 Trio - in memoriam Constança Capdeville (2012, AVA-Musical Editions)
James Scott Balentine
Le Trio Graham (1978)
Robert Baksa
Trio pour piano n° 1, op. 25 (1971)
Greg Bartholomew
Suite de Razumov (2003)
Conrad Beck
Alternances
Ludwig van Beethoven
Trio n° 4, opus 11 en si bémol
Trio Op. 38 (arrangement par le compositeur du Septuor Op. 20)
Wilhelm Berger
Trio op. 94 en sol (1905, Kahnt)
Günter Bialas
Moment musicaus III (1975-1976)
Valentin Bibik
Trio Op. 127 (1998)
John G. Bilotta
Petroushka Dreams (2006)
Adolphe Blanc
Trio Op. 23 en si bémol majeur (1857)
Karl-Birger Blomdahl
Trio (1955)
 Theodor Blumer
Suite (trio) Op. 97 (Zimmerman, s.d.)
Johannes Brahms
 Trio Op. 114 en la mineur (éventuellement pour alto)
 Braunlich
Trio
Frederic Brooks
Trio, op. 12 en mi bémol (C. Woolhouse 1906)
Max Bruch
 8 Pièces Op. 83 pour clarinette et alto, arrangées pour trio avec piano par le compositeur et souvent interprétées avec clarinette et violoncelle .
Ann Callaway
Le palais de la mémoire (2007 Laureate Press, distr. BMM)
Friedrich Cerha
Fünf Stücke (1999/2000)
Osvaldo Coluccino
"Sans témoin" (2004, RAI Trade ed.)
Gaetano Corticelli
3 Trios, Op. 56, Op. 60, Op. 63
Robert Delanoff (b. 1942)
Trio
Milica Djordjevic
pod vodom raskršća snova (2019)
Armağan Durdağ (né en  1981)
Taylan (2015)
Pascal Dusapin
Trio Rombach pour piano, violon ou clarinette et violoncelle (1997)
Horst Ebenhöh
Trio Op. 87 n° 1 (1996)
Anton Eberl
Grand trio, op. 36 (1806)
Louise Farrenc
Trio op. 44 en mi bémol (facultatif pour violon.)
Benoit Constant Fauconier
Fantaisie concertante, pour flûte ou clarinette, violon et piano (publié vers 1820, Schott)
Benjamin Frankel
Trio, op. 10 (1940)
Pezzi pianissimi, op. 41 (1964)
Carl Frühling
Trio en la mineur, op. 40
Beat Furrer (b. 1954)
Aer (1991)
Daniel S. Godfrey
Impromptu (1984) (7', G. Schirmer)
Frederic Goossen (1927-2011)
Trio (1979, American Composers Alliance)
Henryk Górecki (1933-2010)
Lerchenmusik, Op. 53 (1984)
Harold Gramatges (1918-2008)
Trio (1944)
Christoph Graupner
Trio en fa majeur clarinette / violoncelle / clavecin (il existe un trio, Gwv 201, pour basson, chalumeau & continuo en do majeur)
C.H. Grovermann
Trio en si
Emil Hartmann
Sérénade op. 24 en la
Alfred Hill
Trio miniature n° 1 en fa
Gilad Hochman (b. 1982)
Shedun Fini - hommage à la Symphonie en si mineur de F. Schubert
Vagn Holmboe
Trio Op. 137 (1978)
Eco Op. 186 (1991) (tous deux de W. Hansen)
Toshio Hosokawa
Temps vertical, étude I (1992)
Klaus Huber
Schattenblätter (1975) - utilise la clarinette basse
Franz Hünten
Terzetto, Op.175
Vincent d'Indy
Trio opus 29 en si bémol
John Ireland
 Trio pour clarinette en ré majeur
Nikos Ioakeim (b. 1978)
When a B wants to Boogie-woogie But another B gets the Blues (2010 ; 8 minutes)
David Johnstone
Trio Sinfonico (pub. 2007, Creighton's Collection)
Paul Juon
Quatre Trio Miniatures (1901), version du Trio en la mineur Op. 17 Op. 18, No.3, 6, & 7 originellement pour piano solo et Op. 24, No.2 pour piano à quatre mains.
John Kaefer
Sonate de chambre n° 1 : Shadow Voices [1994 ; 13 minutes].
Robert Kahn
Trio, Op. 45 en sol (1906)
Trio Sérénade Op. 73 (orig. cor-hautbois-piano ; version D pour clarinette-violoncelle-piano)
Harrison Kerr
Trio (1936)
Jan Koetsier
Trio, op. 13 n° 2 (1937, rév. 1981 Donemus)
Augustin Kubizek
Trio Op.26a
Helmut Lachenmann
Allegro Sostenuto (1986-1988) - clarinette doublant la clarinette basse.
Heinrich Eduard Josef von Lannoy (1787-1853)
Trio en si bémol majeur, op. 15
J. X. (Borrel) Lefevre (1787-1853)
Sonates n° 2 et n° 3
Kenneth Leighton
Fantaisie sur un air d'hymne américain, op. 70 (Novello, 1974)
Gerald Levinson (né en 1951)
Trio (Theodor Presser)
Jacques Lenot
Lied 3
 Ernst Levy
 Trio pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano (1963)
 Magnus Lindberg
 Trio pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano (2008)
Domenico Liverani
 Terzettino dal Trovatore de Verdi
Charles Harford Lloyd (1849-1919)
Trio en si bémol
Theo Loevendie
Trio en lerchen (1992, in memoriam Olivier Messiaen)
Ruggero Lolini
Trio Concertante (Bruzzichelli, Florence, 1979)
Bent Lorentzen
Mambo (1982, Edition Wilhelm Hansen)
François-Bernard Mâche
Brûlis (1999 ; 16 minutes)
Giuseppe Manghenoni (vers 1800) / Johann Simon Mayer (1765-1848)
Trio per pianoforte con clarinetto (B) e Violone (Cello) [2 mouvements] (Musica-Aeterna Verlag, 2014)
Philippe Manoury
Ultima (1996 ; 12 minutes)
Steven Harry Markowitz (b. 1963)
Canonette pour piano, clarinette et violoncelle
Krzysztof Meyer
 Trio op. 90 (1998)
Stefan Meylaers (né en 1970)
 Trio (2000, Lantro Music)
I. Montuno
Trois fantaisies
Robert Muczynski (1929-2010)
Trio de fantaisies op. 26 , pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano (1969, Theodore Presser Co.)
Per Nørgård
Spell (1973)
Trio, op. 15 (1955)
Lior Navok
Comme une horloge à sable tourbillonnante
Frank Nuyts (né en 1957)
Bajadillas (2005 ; 11 minutes)
Robert Parris
Trio
Pierre Poulteau
Sonatine
Günter Raphael
Trio, op. 70 (1950)
Ferdinand Ries
 Trio opus 28 en sol (1810)
Wolfgang Rihm
Chiffre IV (1983) - Clarinette basse
Nino Rota
Trio (1973, Schott)
John Psathas
Chansons des îles, trio de clarinettes (1995)
Archiduc Rudolph
Trio
Helmut Schmidinger (né en 1969)
Gesang zwischen den Stühlen (2001, Doblinger)
Les inversions sind wohl für die Musick das unentbehrlichste (2013, Litmus)
Hermann Schroeder
3e Trio avec piano op. 43
Cyrill Schürch
Trio pour piano n° 2
Cyril Scott
Trio (ca. 1955, Peters Ed. London)
Roberto Sierra
Tres fantasias
Robert Simpson
Trio
František Škroup
Trio, op. 2 en mi bémol
 Juan Maria Solare (née en 1966)
 Milongas grecolatinas (2002)
 Pensierosa (milonga para tres) (2003)
 Sale con fritas (2005)
 Ochenta diciembres (2008)
Robert Starer
Trio
Eric Stokes (né en 1930)
Trio n° 1 (1955, révisé en 1963)
Martin Suckling
Visiones (d'après Goya) (2015)
Jay Sydeman
Trio Montagnana
Szunyogh
Trio Serenade
Marko Tajčević
7 danses balkaniques
Turok
Trio
Victor Urbancic (1903-1958)
Trio en La-Dur nach Art einer Serenade (1921, Iceland Music Information Center)
Karl Vollweiler
Fantaisie sur des airs russes, op. 35 en ré mineur
Trio sur des thèmes italiens, op. 15
Julian Wagstaff (né en 1970)
Une illusion persistante (2011, julianwagstaff.com)
Hebridean Sunset Rag (arrangement pour trio avec piano, 2015, julianwagstaff.com)
Gwyneth Walker
Craftsbury Trio
Salem Reel
Robert Ward (1917-2013)
Echos d'Amérique (1997, E. C. Schirmer)
Vally Weigl (1894-1982)
New England Suite (1953, American Composers Alliance)
Harri Wessman (1949)
Trio pour clarinette, violoncelle et piano (1994, Fennica Gehrman, Helsinki)
 Jörg Widmann
 Nachtstück
John Woolrich
Un Dramolet (2008, Faber Music)
Alexander Zemlinsky
 Trio op. 3 en ré mineur
Hermann Zilcher
Trio in Form von Variationen a-moll op. 90 pour clarinette, violoncelle et clavier (1938)
Ramadan Zyberdi
Travailleur Lass de Luma (chanson folklorique albanaise)

Substitution

En plus de ce répertoire original, on peut choisir certaines pièces pour trio pour clarinette, violon et piano ou trio pour clarinette, alto et piano et remplacer l'alto (violon) par le violoncelle, ou remplacer le violon par la clarinette dans un trio avec piano classique ; les cas où le compositeur a prévu cette possibilité sont énumérés ci-dessus.  D'autres substitutions sont possibles :

Franciszek Lessel
 Grand Trio, op. 4 (clarinette, cor, piano)
Mikhail Glinka
 Trio Pathétique pour clarinette, basson et piano (1832, réédité par Musica Rara ainsi que par l'International Ed.)
Giovanni Bottesini
  (version pour clarinette, basse à cordes et piano)
Isang Yun
 Rencontre (1986) pour clarinette, violoncelle et harpe

Transcription

Le répertoire disponible a été élargi par des transcripteurs (autres que les compositeurs, dont les propres transcriptions sont répertoriées dans le répertoire original ci-dessus) :

Johannes Brahms (Rosenbloom)
Trois pièces (Op. 76 #5, Op. 76 #4 ; Op. 116, #7)
Antonín Dvořák (Büsing)
Vier Legenden aus op.59 <clarinette, cor de basset (ou Vc), piano>
Engelbert Humperdinck (Sandre)
Hänsel und Gretel (Auswahl) in einer Bearbeitung von Gustave Sandre (ca. 1909)
Felix Mendelssohn-B. (Päuler)
3 Stücke op.35 n° 4, op.53 n° 2, op.38 n° 6
Robert Schumann (Büsing)
Bilder aus dem Osten op.66, 6 Impromptus <clarinette, cor de basset (ou Vc), piano>.

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

 Trio pour clarinette, violon et piano
 Trio pour clarinette, alto et piano
 Trio avec piano

Liens externes

 Enregistrement sonore Like a Whirling Sand-Clock
 Discussion sur Trio avec clarinette au cellofun.com

Musique de chambre
Trio (œuvre)


An Tolumnia haitiensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Emery Clarence Leonard ngan Oakes Ames, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Guido Jozef Braem. An Tolumnia haitiensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Tolumnia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Tolumnia

Tolumnia haitiensis


Badalona, İspanya'nın Katalonya otonom bölgesinde bulunan ve Barselona ili'ne bağlı olan şehir. Şehir Barselona'ya çok yakın olup şehirleşmiş Barselona metropoliten bölgesi içindedir ve Barselona şehir merkezine metro sistemi ile bağlanmaktadır.
Akdeniz kıyısında yer alan şehrin nüfusu 219.000'dir. Yüzölçümü 9858 km²'dir.

Cografi konum

Demografi
Badalona'nın belediye sınırları içinde olan alanı 22.17 km²'dir. Nüfus (2010 tahmini itibarıyla) 218.886 kişi olup, nüfus yoğunluğu 9,873.1 kişi/km²'dir. Badalona sınırları içinde nüfusun gelişmesi şu gösterimde izlenebilir:

1.000 Kişi

Kaynak: INE - Instituto Nacional de Estadística, İspanya
 Kaynak:Hollandaca Wikipedia "Badalona" maddesi

Kardeş şehirler
Badalona'nın şu kardeş şehirleri bulunmaktadır:

Resimler
Badalona

Kaynakça

Ayrıca bakınız
 Barcelona ili
 Katalonya

Dış bağlantılar

 Badalona Belediyesi resmi websitesi

İspanya'daki şehirler

Badalona


Madieae, tribus glavočika u potporodici Asteroideae. Postoji 39 rodova

Podtribusi i Rodovi

 Subtribus Baeriinae Benth.
 Eriophyllum Lag. (13 spp.)
 Pseudobahia (A. Gray) Rydb. (3 spp.)
 Syntrichopappus A. Gray (2 spp.)
 Lasthenia Cass. (18 spp.)
 Baeriopsis J. T. Howell (1 sp.)
 Amblyopappus Hook. & Arn. (1 sp.)
 Monolopia DC. (5 spp.)
 Constancea B. G. Baldwin (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Venegasiinae B. G. Baldwin
 Venegasia DC. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Hulseinae B. G. Baldwin
 Hulsea Torr. & A. Gray (7 spp.)
 Eatonella A. Gray (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Arnicinae B. G. Baldwin
 Arnica L. (31 spp.)
 Subtribus Madiinae Benth. & Hook. fil.
 Raillardella (A. Gray) Benth. (3 spp.)
 Adenothamnus D. D. Keck (1 sp.)
 Hemizonella (A. Gray) A. Gray (1 sp.)
 Kyhosia B. G. Baldwin (1 sp.)
 Anisocarpus Nutt. (2 spp.)
 Carlquistia B. G. Baldwin (1 sp.)
 Madia Molina (11 spp.)
 Argyroxiphium DC. (5 spp.)
 Wilkesia A. Gray (2 spp.)
 Dubautia Gaudich. (26 spp.)
 Deinandra Greene (22 spp.)
 Holocarpha Greene (4 spp.)
 Centromadia Greene (4 spp.)
 Calycadenia DC. (10 spp.)
 Osmadenia Nutt. (1 sp.)
 Hemizonia DC. (1 sp.)
 Blepharizonia (A. Gray) Greene (2 spp.)
 Lagophylla Nutt. (5 spp.)
 Holozonia Greene (1 sp.)
 Layia Hook. & Arn. (15 spp.)
 Blepharipappus Hook. (1 sp.)
 Achyrachaena Schauer (1 sp.)
 Harmonia B. G. Baldwin (5 spp.)
 Jensia B. G. Baldwin (2 spp.)

Izvori

Glavočike cjevnjače

Madieae


The Big Buddha is a large bronze statue of Buddha, completed in 1993, and located at Ngong Ping, Lantau Island, in Hong Kong. The statue, located near the Po Lin Monastery which built it, is a tourist attraction.

Description
The statue's base is a model of the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. One of the five large Buddha statues in China, it is enthroned on a lotus on top of a three-platform altar. Surrounding it are six smaller bronze statues known as "The Offering of the Six Devas" that are posed offering flowers, incense, lamp, ointment, fruit, and music to the Buddha, representing the Six Perfections of generosity, morality, patience, zeal, meditation, and wisdom, necessary for Enlightenment in Buddhism.

The  tall statue weighs over , and was constructed from 202 bronze pieces. In addition to the exterior components, there is a strong steel framework inside to support the heavy load. Visitors have to climb 268 steps to reach the Buddha, though the site also features a small winding road for vehicles to provide access for disabled people. The Buddha's right hand is raised, representing the removal of affliction, while the left rests open on his lap in a gesture of generosity.

There are also three floors beneath the statue: the halls of the Universe, of Benevolent Merit and of Remembrance. One of the most renowned features inside is a relic of Gautama Buddha, consisting of some of his alleged cremated remains. Only visitors who purchase an offering for the Buddha are allowed to see the relic, entering to leave it there. There is a huge carved bell inscribed with images of Buddhas in the show room.

History
The Big Buddha was constructed beginning in 1990, and was finished on 29 December 1993, which the Chinese reckon as the day of the Buddha's enlightenment. When the statue was completed, monks from around the world were invited to the opening ceremony. Distinguished visitors from mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, India, Japan, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, and the United States all took part in the proceedings.

On 18 October 1999, the Hong Kong Post Office issued a definitive issue of landmark stamps, of which the HK$2.50 value depicts The Big Buddha. On 22 May 2012, it was also featured on the HK$3 value of the Five Festival set, this one celebrating the birth of Sakyamuni Buddha.

Visiting and access

Po Lin Monastery and the Buddha are open to the public between 10:00 and 17:30. Access to the outside of the Buddha is free of charge, but there is an admission fee to go inside the Buddha.

Visitors can reach the site by bus or taxi, travelling first to Mui Wo (also known as "Silvermine Bay") via ferry from the Outlying Islands piers in Central (pier No. 6) or to Tung Chung station via the MTR, or cable car. Visitors may then travel to and from the Buddha via the following bus routes:

Mui Wo ↔ Ngong Ping — NLB No. 2
Tung Chung ↔ Ngong Ping – NLB No. 23

The Ngong Ping 360 gondola lift between Tung Chung and Ngong Ping (25 minutes).

See also
 Laykyun Sekkya
 Great Buddha of Thailand
 Buddha Dordenma statue
 Great Buddha
 Buddhist art
 Chinese Buddhism

References

External links

About the top 5 biggest Buddha statues in China
Pictures of the Po Lin Monastery and the Tian Tan Buddha

Video of the climb up the steps to Tian Tan Buddha

Buddhism in Hong Kong
Colossal Buddha statues
Bronze Buddha statues
Landmarks in Hong Kong
Ngong Ping
Tourist attractions in Hong Kong
1993 establishments in Hong Kong

The Big Buddha (Hong Kong)


Charles, Charlie or Charley Johnson may refer to:

Academics
 Charles Johnson (historian) (1870-1961), English historian and archivist
 Charles Willison Johnson (1863–1932), American naturalist
 Charles S. Johnson (1893–1956), African-American sociologist president of Fisk University
 Charles R. Johnson (born 1948), African-American scholar and author
 Charles Royal Johnson (born 1948), professor of mathematics
 Charles Willis Johnson, dean of the University of Washington Pharmacy Department

Arts and entertainment
 Charles Johnson (writer) (1679–1748), English playwright and poet
 Captain Charles Johnson, pseudonym of unknown English author of 1724 book, A General History of the Robberies and Murders of the Most Notorious Pyrates
 Charles Ellis Johnson (1857–1926), American photographer
 Charles Howard Johnson (1868–1896), American illustrator and newspaper artist
 Charles L. Johnson (1876–1950), composer of ragtime tunes
 Charlie Johnson (bandleader) (1891–1959), jazz musician and pianist
 Charles Johnson (1903–1974), American actor who used stage name Chubby Johnson
 Little Jody Rainwater (born Charles Edward Johnson, 1920–2011), bluegrass musician and radio personality
 Charles K. Johnson (1924–2001), American promoter and president of Flat Earth Society, 1972–2001
 Charlie Johnson, stage name of rock singer Charles Westover (1934–1990), a.k.a. Del Shannon
 Charles Foster Johnson (born 1953), jazz guitarist, blogger at Little Green Footballs

Politics
 Charles Johnson (North Carolina politician) (died 1802), Democratic-Republican politician who represented 8th congressional district
 Charles C. Johnson (born 1988), white supremacist activist and website operator
 Charles E. Johnson (government official) (born 1936), acting U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services from January 2004 to April 2004
 Charles Elliott Johnson, Democratic Party politician from North Carolina; member of the General Assembly from 2003 to 2005
 Charles Fletcher Johnson (1859–1930), Democratic Party politician from Maine, U.S. Senator, and judge
 Charles G. Johnson (1880–1957), Californian state treasurer from 1923 to 1956
 Charles George Johnson (1886–1950), chemist, businessman, and political figure in Adelaide, South Australia
 Charles H. Johnson, member of the Californian state assembly from 1861 to 1862
 Charles Phillip Johnson (1836–1920), lieutenant governor of Missouri from 1873 to 1875
 Charles R. Johnson (California merchant) (1830–1904), American merchant and Los Angeles City Council member
 Charles W. Johnson (jurist) (born 1951), Associate Chief Justice of Washington State Supreme Court
 Charles William Johnson, Canadian politician
 Charles C. Johnson (politician) (born 1864), Michigan state representative

Sports

American football
 Charley Johnson (born 1938), quarterback
 Charles Johnson (arena football) (born 1983)
 Charles Johnson (defensive back) (born 1956), San Francisco 49ers and St. Louis Cardinals
 Charles Johnson (defensive end) (born 1986), Carolina Panthers
 Charlie Johnson (defensive tackle) (1952–2021), American NFL player
 Charles Johnson (defensive tackle) (born 1957), Green Bay Packers
 Charlie Johnson (offensive lineman) (born 1984), American football guard
 Charles Johnson (wide receiver, born 1972) (1972–2022) Pittsburgh Steelers
 Charles Johnson (wide receiver, born 1989), Orlando Apollos

Baseball
 Charlie Johnson (baseball) (1885–1940), outfielder for Philadelphia Phillies
 Charles Johnson (pitcher) (1909–2006), Negro leagues pitcher and outfielder
 Charles Johnson (catcher) (born 1971), 4 time Gold Glove Award catcher

Basketball
 Charles Johnson (basketball, born 1949) (1949–2007), NBA guard for Golden State Warriors
 Charles Johnson (basketball, born 1961) (born 1964), basketball coach
 Splinter Johnson (Charles Robert Johnson, 1920–2002), American professional basketball player

Other sports
 Charley Johnson (wrestler) (1887–1967), American Olympic wrestler
 Charles Johnson (cricketer) (died 1967), South African cricketer
 Charles Johnson (diver) (1913–2000), British Olympic diver

Other
 Charles Johnson (Royal Navy officer) (1869–1930), became Admiral Superintendent of Malta Dockyard
 Charles Christopher Johnson, British soldier
 Charles E. Johnson (FBI Most Wanted fugitive) (1907–?), American criminal
 Charles B. Johnson (born 1933), American businessman, co-chairman of Franklin Resources, owner of San Francisco Giants
 Charlie Johnson (pilot) (born 1942), Air force pilot, former president of Cessna Aircraft
 Charles Cooper Johnson (1827–1905), British Indian Army officer
 Charles Johnson (Tennessee) (1830–1863), son of U.S. President Andrew Johnson
 Captain Charles Johnson, 1724 pen name of author

See also
 Johnson Charles (born 1989), West Indies cricketer
 Charles Johnson Maynard (1845–1929), American naturalist, ornithologist, collector and taxidermist
 People with the surname Johnson
 Charles Johnston (disambiguation)
 Charles Johnstone (disambiguation)

Charles Johnson


Etzakit fue un grupo de música español nacido en los años noventa. Fundado por Xabi Solano y Jon Mari Beasain en 1995 en Hernani.
Antes de editar su primer disco tocaron en varios lugares. En total, publicaron dos discos y participaron en cientos de actos en pocos años. Algunas de sus canciones se hicieron muy populares, como "Zergatik ez" (Por qué no), "Gurekin" (Con nosotros), entre otras.
Uno de los cuatro miembros del grupo, Xabi Solano, destacó como miembro de diferentes grupos, estos son The Solanos y Fermin Muguruzaren.

Discografía
 Etzakit (Elkar, 1998)
 Goiz edo noiz? (Elkar, 1999)
 kanten artean "eskurik eskuekin" izenekoa gailentzen da.

Enlaces externos
 http://historiasderock.es.tl/Etzakit.htm
 (en euskara) https://web.archive.org/web/20120308043346/http://www.badok.info/artista.php?id_artista=137

Grupos de música del País Vasco

Etzakit


Malte participe aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022 à Pékin en Chine du 4 au . Il s'agit de sa troisième participation à des Jeux d'hiver.

La skieuse Élise Pellegrin, seule sportive maltaise à avoir participer aux JO d'hiver, était parvenue à décrocher un quota en slalom mais cette dernière préfère renoncer craignant ne pas être en mesure de défendre ses chances avec le trop peu de compétitions.

Résultats en snowboard

Jenise Spiteri, snowboardeuse de 28 ans qui vit en Californie, parvient à décrocher un quota en half-pipe ; elle avait terminé avant-dernière aux championnats du monde en slalom.

Notes et références

Liens externes
 Malte aux Jeux de Pékin 2022 sur le site du CIO

Malte
2022
2022 à Malte

Malte aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 2022


Patronyme

 Alfonzo McKinnie (1992-), joueur de basket-ball américain ;
 Bryant McKinnie (1979-), joueur américain de football américain ;
 Burt McKinnie (1879-1946), golfeur américain.

Patronyme américain

McKinnie


Piața Omonia (în , Plateía Omonoías, , "Piața Concordiei", menționată de multe ori pur și simplu ca Omónia ) este o piață centrală din Atena. Ea se află în colțul de nord al zonei centrale definite de planurile orașului din secolul al XIX-lea și este unul dintre principalele noduri rutiere ale orașului. Aici se află stația de metrou Omonia.

Piața Omonia este una dintre cele mai vechi piețe ale orașului Atena și o importantă zonă comercială. Ea se află în centrul orașului, la intersecția a șase străzi principale: Panepistimiou, Stadiou, Athinas, Peiraios, Agiou Konstantinou și 3 Septemvriou.

Numele pieței
Piața a fost construită în 1846 și numele său original a fost "Plateia Anaktoron" (Piața Palatului), deoarece, potrivit planului urbanistic inițial al Atenei din 1834 (1833) propus de arhitecții Stamatios Kleanthis și Eduard Schaubert, în această zonă urma să se construiască palatul regal (anaktora). Mai târziu, piața a fost redenumită "Piața Othonos" în onoarea regelui Otto. În 1862, după detronarea lui Otto, ea a primit numele său actual, "Piața Omonia", pentru că liderii facțiunilor politice rivale depuneau aici jurământul de pace (omonia) pentru a stopa conflictele interne.

Istoria modificărilor aspectului
La sfârșitul secolului al XIX-lea piața a suferit mai multe modificări ale aspectului. O platformă poligonală a fost amplasată în centrul pieței, au fost plantați copaci de-a lungul pieței  și a fost instalat un sistem de iluminat. Piața Omonia era centrul vieții sociale și culturale a orașului Atena, deoarece aici se afla punctul de pornire al căii ferate și existau numeroase hoteluri în apropiere.

Construirea căii ferate subterane între Pireu și Atena în perioada 1925-1930 a necesitat reproiectarea pieței. Piața Omonia a dobândit o formă circulară și au fost amplasate coloane de marmură la intrările în stația de metrou. Piața a început să semene cu piețele centrale ale marilor orașe europene și a dobândit un rol comercial important. Ca urmare a existenței căii ferate subterane a fost necesar să fie instalat un sistem de ventilație subterană și, în 1931, primarul Spiros Merkouris a propus amplasarea a opt sculpturi reprezentând muzele mitologice pentru a acoperi gurile de aerisire ale metroului atenian. Deși problema a fost rezolvată, rezultatul nu a satisfăcut așteptările estetice ale atenienilor și statuile au fost înlăturate în scurtă vreme.

Anii '50 au reprezentat o epocă de modernizare a orașului Atena și și-au pus amprenta, prin urmare, asupra mai multor spații publice. În 1954, în zona de metrou Piața Omonia, s-au amenajat bănci, magazine și un oficiu poștal.

În 1958 Ministerul Transporturilor și Lucrărilor Publice a organizat un concurs pentru dezvoltarea Pieței Omonia. Concursul a fost câștigat de sculptorul George Zongolopoulos și arhitectul Kostas Bitsios. Propunerea lor a inclus un sistem acvatic circular central în mijlocul căreia urma să fie amplasată un ansamblu statuar dedicat lui Poseidon. Piața a fost reproiectată în cele din urmă fără amplasarea sculpturii. Fântânile din piața Omonia au devenit un faimos reper al orașului și piața a apărut de multe ori în filmele grecești din acea perioadă.

Sub piață se află stația de metrou Omonia, un important nod de transport cu un trafic de pasageri egal cu cel al stației de metrou Syntagma.

Celebrări
În această piață au fost sărbătorite succesele sportive recente precum victoriile Greciei în finala campionatului european de baschet Eurobasket 2005 și în finala campionatului european de fotbal Euro 2004, atunci când oamenii au escaladat sculptura Cele Cinci Inele pentru a arbora acolo drapelul național.

Arhitectură
După transformarea sa din 2003, piața a pierdut o parte din prestigiu și importanță, dar cu toate acestea continuă să reprezinte un spațiu multicultural și un punct de comunicare, precum și un nod central de transport pentru mii de persoane pe tot parcursul zilei.

Două dintre cele mai recunoscute clădiri sunt vechile hoteluri neoclasice din zonă: Bagkeion și Megas Alexandros, situate unul lângă altul, de fiecare parte a străzii Athinas. Sculptura Pentakiklon (Cele Cinci Inele) are propria poveste: amplasată în piață în 2001, ea nu a funcționat pe deplin până în perioada Crăciunului din 2008, atunci când apa a început să curgă pentru prima dată pe sculptură, făcând ca cele cinci cercuri să se pună în mișcare.

Imagini

Referințe

Legături externe
 Old photos of Omonoia Square.

Vezi și
 Piața Syntagma

Străzi din Atena

Piața Omonia


الأرز الحساوي أو العيش الحساوي هو من النباتات الصيفية التي تزرع في المناطق الحارة، كمنطقة الاحساء، ويتحمل درجة حرارة قد تصل أحيانا إلى 48 درجة مئوية، يُعدّ الأرز الحساوي ثاني أكبر إنتاج من محاصيل الأحساء من بعد محاصيل النخيل وذلك رغم تراجع زراعته خلال العقود الأخيرة. وهو من النباتات تتطلب عناية فائقة في الري، وإلى جانب زراعته في منطقة الأحساء بالمملكة العربية السعودية، فهو يزرع في أقطار عربية أخرى أيضاً، إذا توفرت له تربة مناسبة كتربة الأحساء، وبحيث تتم مراعاة منسوب التربة، مع الإشارة إلى أنه لا يعطي نفس الطعم والجودة، كتلك التي يعطيها في منطقة الأحساء وذلك طبقاً للتجارب المعمولة. يعتبر الرز الحساوي أغلى أنواع الأرز، حتى أنه يحظى ببورصة خاصة به. تشتهر زراعة الأرز الحساوي في منطقة الاحساء بعد أن تمّ جلبه من الهند منذ حوالي 300 سنة، ويحظى هذا النوع من الأرز بتقاليد محدّدة وقديمة خلال الزراعة. فهو يحتاج لحرارة مرتفعة تتخطّى الـ50 درجة مئوية وكمية كبيرة من الماء حتى تصلح الأرض لزراعته. تغرس نبتة الأرز في كمية كبيرة من الماء لـ6 أشهر، ويتمّ حصاده من خلال آلات خاصة لتسهيل مجهود اليد العاملة.

مناطق الزراعة

تعتبر الأحساء من أشهر مناطق زراعة التمور وكافة المحاصيل الزراعية في العالم، لما تتمتع به من وفرة في المياه، حيث اشتهرت الأحساء بزراعة النخيل، وتجاوز عددها مليوني نخلة، يمتلكها أكثر من 25 ألف مزارع. وتعتبر الأحساء من أكبر الواحات الزراعية بالعالم، وذلك حسب تصنيف كتاب جينيس للأرقام القياسية، كما اشتهرت الأحساء بزراعة الأرز الحساوي. ويعود الأرز الحساوي إلى الهند، حيث أتى به أحد المزارعين الهنود, وهناك أقوال ان أصله من العراق.

تشهد الأحساء في فصل الصيف درجة حرارة عالية قد تصل إلى 50 درجة مئوية. تحت هذه الحرارة يُزرع الأرز الحساوي وهو نبات عشبي حولي صيفي، يتميز بحبته الحمراء التي يمكن أن يصل طولها إلى 10ملم. خلال مراحل نموه، يحتاج الأرز إلى 48 درجة مئوية، كما يحتاج إلى وفرة في المياه وإلى التربة الطينية الثقيلة ذات الحموضة الخفيفة التي تحتفظ بالماء، وهذا ما توفره تربة الأحساء.

الأنواع
وينقسم الرز الحساوي إلى عدة أنواع, حساوي هجين ممتاز، ,حساوي هجين متوسط وأرز محلي أصلي. ويتميز كل صنف يخصائص معينة, ويمكن لذوي الخبرة معرفة تمييز كل صنف على حدة. يتميز الأرز الحساوي الأصلي بلونه الأحمر الغامق أو الفاتح أحياناً، حسب البذرة المزروعة. تختلف هذه الأصناف فيما بينها لجهة وقت الزراعة وحجم الحبة وكذلك حجم المجموع الخضري ودرجة اللون. فالأرز المحلي يكون لونه أحمر داكناً، والهجين يميل إلى اللون الأحمر الفاتح ويخالطه شيء من اللون الأبيض.

إضافة إلى الاختلاف بين الأنواع الثلاثة في مواعيد الزراعة ومدة النمو، فإنّ الأرز الحساوي المحلي يُزرع من آواخر أبريل إلى أوائل يونيو بمدة نمو تمتد من 160 إلى 180يوماً، والنوعان الآخران يزرعان من أوائل يونيو إلى أوائل يوليو بمدة نمو تمتد من 100 إلى 120يوماً. يحتوي الأرز الحساوي على مواد غذائية كثيرة عالية الجودة أبرزها الحديد، والكربوهيدرات، والفيتامينات، وخاصة فيتامين (B)، وكذلك الزيوت والألياف ذات الأهمية القصوى في الغذاء، وتتركز تلك المواد في القشرة الداخلية لحبة الأرز. أما النسبة المئوية للكربوهيدرات في الأرز الحساوي فتبلغ 65.978، ويقدَّر محتواه من السعرات الحرارية بحوالي 1800 وحدة حرارية لكل ثلاث أرباع الكيلوجرام.

وكانت الأحساء تنتج من الأرز الحساوي في العام 1962م حوالي 20 ألف طن، وانخفضت كمية الإنتاج إلى ما بين 400 أو 500 طن في وقتنا الحاضر، بسبب قلة المياه وتقلّص الرقعة الزراعية. أما في السنوات الأخيرة، فأصبح إنتاج الأرز المقشر ما يعادل 400 طن، إلا أن هذه الكمية ليست ثابتة فهي تتغير من عام إلى عام. فعلى سبيل المثال، ووفقاً لإحصائية «هيئة مشروع الري والصرف بالأحساء» بلغت كمية المساحة المزروعة أرزاً في عام 2003م نحو 1569 دونماً، وبلغت نسبة الإنتاج 392 طناً، وفي عام 2004م كانت المساحة المزروعة 1414دونماً، وبلغت كمية الإنتاج 353 طناً.

الفوائد
من فوائد الارز الحساوي انه من النباتات الصيفية التي تزرع في المناطق الحارة كالأحساء، ويتحمل حرارة تصل إلى 48 درجة مئوية وهو من النباتات التي تتطلب عناية فائقة في الري، مع مراعاة نوعية التربة، وتربة الأحساء تناسبه. ويتفوق الأرز الحساوي على المواد الغذائية، لكونه عالي الجودة، وتكثر فيه مادة الحديد، حيث يقدم للمصابين بآلام المفاصل وكسور العظام، كما يقدم للنساء الحوامل، ليعوضهن عما يفقدنه من الحديد.

يحتوي الأرز الحساوي على فوائد متنوعة تجعله من أهمّ مصادر العناصر الغذائية:

 يسهل الأرز الحساوي عملية امتصاص الكولسترول والأحماض الأمينية.
 يعتبر الأرز الحساوي مريحاً للمعدة والأمعاء وقد نفى العلماء أنه يسبب النفخة والغازات.
 الأرز الحساوي مصدر مهمّ للكربوهيدرات، البروتين والألياف، فيشعرك بالشبع لفترة طويلة.
 يساعد الأرز الحساوي على تخفيف آلام المفاصل وكسور العظام.

الزراعة والحصاد
خلال شهري مايو ويونيو تبدأ زراعة الأرز: تُستصلح الأرض بحرثها وتنظيفها من بقايا النباتات، ثم تُرش بالمبيدات الحشرية. ومن ثم تسميدها لتصبح جاهزة لزرع الشتلات. تُعدُّ الشتلات عبر زراعة البذور مركَّزة في قطعة أرض خصبة، حتى ينبت أول الأرز. ويتم تركيز الماء عليه، من 8 إلى 14 يوماً بعد ذفلك، يُسقى بماء وفير طيلة 40 يوماً، ثم يُرفع عنه الماء 10 أيام. تبدأ عملية نقل الشتلات في شهري يوليو وأغسطس إلى الأراضي الرئيسة المسماة «الضواحي». وهي الأراضي الشاسعة التي تتعرَّض للشمس بشكل مباشر. تكون الضواحي عادة محاطة عند أطرافها بالنخيل. وفيها يُزرع الأرز ليصل إلى صورته النهائية إلى حين حصاده يُفضل عند زراعة الشتلات الصغيرة أن تكون الأرض جافة وتغرس على هيئة خطوط. غير أنه بنمو الشتلات، تضيع ملامح الخطوط الفاصلة ما بينها، لتتحول حقول الأرز إلى بسط ذات اخضرار صارخ طوال أشهر الصيف، لا تميل إلا قليلاً إلى الاصفرار عند دنو موعد الحصاد. يُطلق مزارعو الأحساء على موسم حصاد الأرز اسم «الوسمي»، وهي الأيام بين شهري سبتمبر وأكتوبر. يُحصد الأرز يدوياً ويُترك معرّضاً للشمس لبضعة أيام حتى يجف نهائياً. بعد ذلك، تأتي عملية الدِّراس أو (التذرية)، وهي عملية فصل الشلْب عن النبتة الأصلية للأرز.

انظر أيضاً

 طويلة الحسا.
 خبز أحسائي.
 تمر أحسائي.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

مطبخ أحسائي

أرز حساوي


Richard Potter (1778-1842) est un député libéral radical non-conformiste de Wigan et un membre fondateur du Little Circle qui joue un rôle clé dans l'obtention de la Reform Act 1832.

Jeunesse
Cinquième et plus jeune fils de John Potter (1728-1802), Richard Potter est né le  à Tadcaster, dans le Yorkshire et il est décédé le  à Penzance, en Cornouailles.

Son père, John Potter, est né le 7 décembre 1728 à Tadcaster et y est décédé le 28 novembre 1802. Il est enterré dans la tombe 40655 à l'église St Mary the Virgin à Tadcaster. Il travaille comme compagnon à Londres et à la mort de son père, également John Potter né en 1691, le 16 juin 1758, et de sa mère, Anne, le 2 mai 1762, il hérite de leur boutique de draperie à Tadcaster. Il prend une ferme à Wighill où il vend des moutons et de la laine .

William et Richard Potter ouvrent un entrepôt à Manchester au 5 Cannon Street, et quelques mois plus tard, ils sont rejoints par Thomas. La société William, Thomas et Richard Potter est fondée le  janvier 1803. William se retire de l'entreprise en 1806.

Premier Little cercle
La famille Potter comprend de riches unitariens qui sont membres de la Cross Street Chapel et de la Portico Library et se soucient du bien-être des pauvres. Thomas et Richard Potter s'inquiètent de la représentation injuste du peuple au parlement dans les villes industrialisées en expansion rapide telles que Birmingham, Leeds, Manchester et Salford à l'époque victorienne et décident de former un groupe pour promouvoir le changement.

En 1815, le premier Little Circle est formé, autour d'un noyau de membres de la Cross Street Chapel qui sont influencés par les idées de Jeremy Bentham et Joseph Priestley. Les membres fondateurs comprennent John Edward Taylor (marchand de coton), Joseph Brotherton (un ministre non-conformiste et pionnier végétarien), Thomas Preston et Thomas et Richard Potter . Les réunions ont lieu dans une pièce à l'arrière de la maison de comptage de Potters' Cannon Street, généralement connue sous le nom de "parloir de complot", et ses membres principaux sont unitariens. Le membre du groupe  (plus tard rédacteur en chef du Manchester Times) les appellent le « petit cercle ». Les autres membres sont John Shuttleworth (industriel et réformateur municipal);  (réformateur parlementaire et militant anti-corn law) ; et William Cowdroy Jnr (éditeur de la Manchester Gazette).

Après que les membres du groupe aient été témoins du massacre de Peterloo en 1819 et de la fermeture du Manchester Observer libéral par des poursuites policières successives  il décide que le moment est venu de faire avancer son programme libéral. En 1820, Brotherton, Shuttleworth et Thomas Potter fondent la Chambre de commerce de Manchester. L'année suivante, le groupe soutient John Edward Taylor dans la fondation du journal libéral le Manchester Guardian auquel ils ont tous contribué. Publié seulement une fois par semaine, Taylor continue à diriger le journal jusqu'à sa mort .

Alors que Richard se consacre presque exclusivement aux mouvements politiques et aux réformes, devenant député de Wigan en 1830, son frère Thomas est laissé plus ou moins seul à la gestion de l'entrepôt, qui devient la plus grande entreprise de ce type à Manchester .

Deuxième Little cercle
En 1821, 12 marchands se rencontrent dans le "salon de complot" de Thomas et Richard Potter à Cannon Street, et lancent un fonds pour soutenir le Manchester Guardian . Sept sont Unitariens, dont cinq de la Cross Street Chapel : Thomas et Richard Potter ; Abasolm Watkin ; , John Shuttleworth,  et les frères Edward et William Baxter (tous marchands de coton) ; Fenton Atkinson (éminent avocat de Manchester); Guillaume Harvey ; John Edward Taylor .

Le groupe soutient discrètement les questions de réforme sociale : Taylor échappe à un procès pour diffamation ; Shuttleworth organise la défense des réformateurs plébéiens accusés d'avoir prêté un serment illégal . Le groupe propose initialement que les sièges des arrondissements pourris reconnus coupables de corruption électorale flagrante soient transférés aux villes industrielles, citant et ciblant plus tard des exemples d'arrondissements, notamment Penryn et East Retford. Mais lorsque le Parlement refuse d'agir, en 1831, Absalom Watkin est chargé de rédiger une pétition demandant au gouvernement d'accorder à Manchester deux députés. En conséquence, le Parlement adopte la Reform Act 1832, et le groupe donne à Manchester ses deux premiers députés post-réforme : Mark Philips et Charles Poulett Thomson . Richard est élu député de Wigan en 1832, occupant le siège jusqu'en 1839.

Il est remplacé par William Ewart (homme politique britannique) du parti radical. Il part à Gloucester, où il est battu à l'investiture pour représenter le parti Whig dans la circonscription de Maurice Berkeley (1er baron FitzHardinge).

Vie privée
Potter épouse Mary Seddon, fille de William Seddon, le 25 septembre 1814. Ils ont cinq enfants, dont un fils  (1817-1892) qui devient président du Great Western Railway et président du Grand Trunk Railway, Canada; et une fille Sarah Anne (1822-1846) qui épouse , officier de la Royal Navy, et a deux fils.

Richard Potter est décédé en juillet 1842, à l'âge de 64 ans à Penzance, en Cornouailles .

Références

Liens externes

Décès en juillet 1842
Naissance en janvier 1778
Homme féministe
Député du 13e Parlement du Royaume-Uni
Député du 12e Parlement du Royaume-Uni
Député du 11e Parlement du Royaume-Uni
Député du Parti libéral (Royaume-Uni)
Décès à 64 ans

Richard Potter (homme politique britannique)


1975 ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලානය (නිල වශයෙන් පෘඩෙන්ෂනල් කුසලානය '75 ලෙස හැඳින්වූ) යනු ජාත්‍යන්තර ක්‍රිකට් සම්මේලනය (ICC) විසින් සංවිධානය කරන ලද ලෝක ක්‍රිකට් කුසලාන තරඟාවලියේ පළමු සංස්කරණයයි. එය එක්දින ජාත්‍යන්තර ක්‍රිකට් ඉතිහාසයේ පළමු ප්‍රධාන තරඟාවලිය විය. 1975 ජුනි 7 සිට 21 දක්වා එංගලන්තයේ පැවැත්වුණි.

මෙම තරඟාවලියට පෘඩන්ෂනල් ඇෂුවරන්ස් සමාගම විසින් අනුග්‍රහය දක්වන ලද අතර එයට සහභාගී වූ රටවල් අටක් තිබුණි. එවකට ටෙස්ට් ක්‍රීඩා කළ කණ්ඩායම් හය (ඕස්ට්‍රේලියාව, එංගලන්තය, ඉන්දියාව, නවසීලන්තය, පකිස්ථානය, බටහිර ඉන්දීය කොදෙව්) සහ එවකට ප්‍රමුඛ පෙළේ ආශ්‍රිත රටවල් දෙක වන ශ්‍රී ලංකාව සහ නැගෙනහිර අප්‍රිකාව යි. කණ්ඩායම් හතරකින් යුත් කාණ්ඩ දෙකකට බෙදා ඇති අතර, සෑම කණ්ඩායමක්ම තම කාණ්ඩයේ එකිනෙකා සමඟ එක් වරක් ක්‍රීඩා කරන ලදී. මෙම තරඟ වල ජයග්‍රාහකයින් අවසන් මහා තරඟයේදී මුණගැසෙන අතර, සෑම කාණ්ඩයකින්ම පළමු කණ්ඩායම් දෙක අවසන් පූර්ව වටයට සුදුසුකම් ලබා ගත්හ. සෑම තරගයක්ම කණ්ඩායමකට ඕවර 60කින් සමන්විත වූ අතර සම්ප්‍රදායික සුදු ඇඳුමින් සැරසී රතු පන්දුවලින් ක්‍රීඩා කරන ලදී. සියල්ල දිවා ආලෝකයෙන් ක්‍රීඩා කර අවසන් විය.

එංගලන්තය සහ නවසීලන්තය "ඒ" කාණ්ඩයේ පළමු කණ්ඩායම් දෙක ලෙස තේරී පත්වූ අතර බටහිර ඉන්දීය කොදෙව්වන් හා ඕස්ට්‍රේලියාව "බී" කාණ්ඩයේ පළමු කණ්ඩායම් දෙක ලෙස පත්වූ අතර කණ්ඩායම් හතර අවසන් පූර්ව වටයට සුදුසුකම් ලබා ගත්හ. ඔස්ට්‍රේලියාව අවසන් පූර්ව වටයේදී එංගලන්තය පරාජය කරමින් සහ බටහිර ඉන්දීය කොදෙව්වන් නවසීලන්තය පරාජය කිරීමෙන් පසු අවසාන තරගයට තේරී පත්විය. ලෝඩ්ස්හිදී පැවැති අවසන් මහා තරගයේදී ඔස්ට්‍රේලියාව ලකුණු 17කින් පරදවා පළමු ලෝක කුසලාන ජයග්‍රාහකයන් බවට බටහිර ඉන්දීය කොදෙව්වන්  පත්විය. නවසීලන්ත පිතිකරු ග්ලෙන් ටර්නර් ලකුණු 333ක් රැස්කරමින් තරගාවලියේ වැඩිම ලකුණු ලාභියා වූ අතර ඔස්ට්‍රේලියානු පන්දු යවන ක්‍රීඩක ගැරී ගිල්මෝර් කඩුලු 11ක් දවාගනිමින් වැඩිම කඩුලු ලාභියා විය.

පසුබිම
ජාත්‍යන්තර මට්ටමේ පළමු බහුපාර්ශ්වික ක්‍රිකට් තරගාවලිය වූයේ 1912 එංගලන්තයේ පැවති තුන්කොන් තරඟාවලියයි. මෙය එවකට පැවති ටෙස්ට් රටවල් තුන අතර (එංගලන්තය, ඕස්ට්‍රේලියාව සහ දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව) අතර පැවැත්විණි. අයහපත් කාලගුණය සහ මහජන උනන්දුව නොමැතිකම හේතුවෙන් මෙම සංකල්පය පසුව ඉවත් කරන ලදී. පළමු එක්දින තරගය ලෙස 1962 දී ඉංග්‍රීසි ප්‍රාන්ත ක්‍රිකට් කණ්ඩායම් හතරක් සීමිත ඕවර පිළිමළුන් පිටුදැකීමේ තරගාවලියකට ක්‍රීඩා කිරීම මේ සදහා පැවති හිඩස පුරවන ලදී. එම කුසලානය ලෙස්ටර්ෂයර් කණ්ඩායම කඩුලු පහකින් පරාජය කළ නෝර්ත්හැම්ප්ටන්ෂයර් කණ්ඩායම විසින් දිනා ගන්නා ලදී.

1966 සහ 1967 දී එංගලන්තයේ 'ලෝක ක්‍රිකට් කුසලානයක්' ලෙස සිදු කරන ලද සීමිත ඕවර ආකෘතිය (එංගලන්තය, සෙසු ලෝක XI සහ සංචාරක කණ්ඩායම ලෙස 1966 දී බටහිර ඉන්දීය කොදෙව් සහ 1967 දී පකිස්ථානය) භාවිතා කර ඇත. 1966 FIFA ලෝක කුසලානයේ සත්කාරකත්වය එම රටේදීම සිදුවීම මෙම අලෙවිකරණයට පැහැදිලිවම බලපෑවේය. 1966 'ලෝක ක්‍රිකට් කුසලානය' එංගලන්තය විසින් දිනා ගන්නා ලදී. 1967 දී සෙසු ලෝක XI කණ්ඩායම ලෝක කුසලානය විසින් දිනා ගන්නා ලදී. ක්‍රිකටර් සගරාවේ වාර්තාවක සදහන් කළේ මෙම "ත්‍රිකෝණ තරඟාවලියේ" පාකිස්තානය සහ සෙසු ලෝක XI කණ්ඩායම අතර පැවති අවසන් තරඟය හොඳින් සහභාගී නොවූ හෝ සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම බැරෑරුම් ලෙස නොසලකන ලද තරගයක් බවයි: "විශාල ප්‍රේක්ෂක පිරිසක් පැමිණ නොතිබීම කණගාටුවට කරුණකි." ගාර්ෆීල්ඩ් සෝබර්ස්  විසින් කුසලානය සෙසු ලෝක Xl කණ්ඩායම වෙත ලබා ගත්හ.

ඔස්ට්‍රේලියාව සහ එංගලන්තය අතර 1970-71 අළු බඳුන තරඟාවලියේ තුන්වන ටෙස්ට් තරඟයට ආදේශකයක් ලෙස මෙල්බර්න් ක්‍රිකට් පිටියේ (MCG) පළමු නිල එක්දින ජාත්‍යන්තර තරඟය පැවැත්වුණේ 1971 දීය. ඒ ටෙස්ට් තරගයේ පළමු දින තුනේ තරගයට වර්ෂාපතනයක් බලපා තිබීම හේතුවෙනි. තරගය ඕවර හතළිහක තරගයක් වූ අතර එක් ඕවරයකට පන්දු අට බැගින් විය. එංගලන්තය ඕවර 39.4 කදී ලකුණු 190 ක් ලබා ගත් පසු, ඔස්ට්‍රේලියාව පන්දු 42 ක් ඉතිරිව තිබියදී තරගය ආරක්ෂා කර ගැනීමට ස්ථාවර වේගයකින් ඉලක්කය හඹා ගියේය. වසර දෙකකට පසුව 1973 කාන්තා ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලානය අතරතුර ලෝඩ්ස්හිදී, 1975 දී පිරිමි තරගාවලියක් පැවැත්වීමට සැලසුම් සකස් කරන ලදී. එම තරගාවලියට එකල සියලුම ටෙස්ට් රටවල් කාණ්ඩ දෙකකට බෙදා එක් එක් කාණ්ඩයේ පළමු කණ්ඩායම් දෙක බැගින් පිළිමළුන් පිටුදැකීමේ අදියරට සුදුසුකම් ලබා ලෝඩ්ස් හිදී අවසන් මහා තරඟය පැවැත්වීමට සැලසුම් කරනු ලැබීය.

ආකෘතිය
පළමු ලෝක කුසලානයේ ආකෘතිය කණ්ඩායම් හතරක කාණ්ඩ දෙකක් විය. එක් එක් කණ්ඩායම එකිනෙකා ක්‍රීඩා කරමින් සෑම කණ්ඩායමකින්ම ඉහළම කණ්ඩායම් දෙකක් පසුව අර්ධ අවසන් පූර්ව වටයට පිවිසෙන අතර ජයග්‍රාහකයින් පසුව අවසන් වටයට සුදුසුකම් ලබයි.

පළමු ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලානය එංගලන්තයේදී පැවැත්වූයේ විවිධ ස්ථාන හතකි. 1975 ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලනය තුළ අර්ධ අවසන් පූර්ව වටය සහ අවසාන තරඟය සමග තරඟ 15 ක් පැවතුනි.

සහභාගීත්වය
ලෝක කුසලාන තරඟාවලිය සඳහා තරඟ කිරීමට කණ්ඩායම් අටකට ආරාධනා කර ඇත. ඉන් රටවල් හයක් ජාත්‍යන්තර ක්‍රිකට් කවුන්සිලයේ (අයිසීසී) පූර්ණ සාමාජිකයින් වූ අතර, ඉතිරි ස්ථාන දෙක පිරවීම සඳහා ශ්‍රී ලංකාව සහ නැගෙනහිර අප්‍රිකාවට ආරාධනා කරන ලදී. දකුණු අප්‍රිකාව තරගාවලියේ එක් කණ්ඩායමක් වීමට නියමිතව තිබූ නමුත් රට තුළ පවතින වර්ණභේදවාදී නීති හේතුවෙන් කණ්ඩායමට 1992 සංස්කරණය දක්වා තරඟ කිරීමෙන් ඉවත් වීමට සිදුවිය.

ක්‍රීඩාංගණ
1973 ජුලි 26 වැනි දින ක්‍රීඩාංගන ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කිරීම ආරම්භ වූයේ අවසන් මහා තරගය සඳහා ලෝඩ්ස් පිටිය තෝරාගෙන තරගාවලිය පවත්වන බව අන්තර්ජාතික ක්‍රිකට් කවුන්සිලය හෙළිදරව් කිරීමත් සමඟය. 1975 වාරයේ පැවැත්වෙන ප්‍රාන්ත තරඟාවලි පහ සමඟ තරඟාවලිය සඳහා කාලසටහන් ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කිරීමත් සමඟ ඉතිරි ස්ථාන 1974 නොවැම්බර් 5 වන දින අනාවරණය කරන ලදී. හෙඩිංලි සහ ඕවල් අවසන් පූර්ව වටයේ සත්කාරකයන් ලෙස තහවුරු විය.

කණ්ඩායම් අදියර

A කාණ්ඩය

B කාණ්ඩය

පිළිමළුන් පිටුදැකීමේ අදියර

අවසාන පූර්ව

අවසාන

සංඛ්‍යා ලේඛන

යොමු කිරීම්

බාහිර සබැදි
 Cricket World Cup 1975 from Cricinfo

World
Cricket World Cup tournaments
International cricket competitions from 1970–71 to 1975
International sports competitions hosted by England
June 1975 sports events
ක්‍රිකට්
ශ්‍රී ලංකාව තුළ ක්‍රිකට්

1975 ක්‍රිකට් ලෝක කුසලානය


31458 Delrosso este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
31458 Delrosso este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la San Marcello Pistoiese de Luciano Tesi și Andrea Boattini. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,64 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 7,0° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 31001-32000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1999
Centura de asteroizi

31458 Delrosso


Kota Fujimoto (født 2. april 1986) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Cerezo Osaka.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Kota Fujimoto


An Calamagrostis tianschanica in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Franz Josef Ivanovich Ruprecht. An Calamagrostis tianschanica in nahilalakip ha genus nga Calamagrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Calamagrostis

Calamagrostis tianschanica


Chino & Nacho  (spaniolă Chino y Nacho \ română Chino și Nacho) a fost un pop duo din Venezuela, compus din Jesús Alberto Miranda Pérez (Chino) (născut la 15 noiembrie 1984) și Miguel Ignacio Mendoza Donatti (Nacho) (născut pe 22 august 1983). În 2010, grupul a câștigat un Grammy latin pentru cel mai bun album urban pentru Mi Niña Bonita.
Înainte de a forma un duo, Chino și Nacho făceau parte din grupul de băieți Calle Ciega din Portland, alături de Luifer, Gabo Marquez și Emilio Vizcaino, unde și-au început cariera muzicală. Au lansat cinci albume, cu single-ul "Mi Cachorrita" pe Una Vez Más. Calle Ciega a câștigat un rol important în Venezuela și în țările învecinate. Grupul a luptat pentru a avea mai multă publicitate decât alte grupuri venezuelane, cum ar fi 3 Dueños.
Calle Ciega a folosit diferite genuri muzicale, deși majoritatea reggaeton, și le-a plăcut să amestece salsa și merengue cu reggaeton. Grupul a încetat ulterior să lanseze single-uri și, eventual, sa despărțit în ceea ce este acum Chino & Nacho și Los Cadilacs. Chino & Nacho au debutat primul lor album la nivel national in 2008, circuland in Venezuela si tarile vecine.
Primul lor album, numit Época de Reyes, a fost lansat în 2008 și pus la dispoziție în multe țări din America Latină. Au lansat cinci albume în total - Época de Reyes, Mi Niña Bonita, Mi Niña Bonita: Reloaded, Supremo și Radio Universo.
Ei au câștigat Premiile muzicale Pepsi Venezuela pentru artiștii anului, albumul anului și cântecul anului în 2012 pentru videoclipul anului în 2013,  pentru tema anului în 2015  și pentru artistul anului, artistul de artă tropicală al anului și tema anului în 2017.
Pe fondul zvonurilor, duo-ul și-a anunțat despărțirea pe 24 februarie 2017, citând cariere solo și diferite gusturi muzicale. []
Fondări în 2007
Grupuri muzicale
Desființări în 2007
Formații venezuelene

Chino & Nacho


සමාජ විද්‍යාත්මක සංකල්පයක් වන "ප්‍රතිසමාජානුයෝජනය" මගින් යම් පුද්ගලයෙකු, ඔහු හෝ ඇය හුරුවී ඇති පරිසරයට ඉතා වෙනස් වූ පරිසර වටපිටාවක හැසිරීමට පුරුදු පුහුණු කරයි. මෙය සම්පූර්ණ පෞරුෂත්ව වෙනසකට මග පෑදීමක් ලෙස හැඳින්විය හැකිය. හමුදාවකට නව සාමාජිකයින් බඳවා ගැනීමේදී සිදුකරන පුහුණුවීම් මෙයට හොඳම උදාහරණයකි.මෙහිදී ඔවුන්ට හමුදා භටයින් ලෙස හැසිරීමටත්, එමෙන්ම ඔවුන්ගේ රැකියාව අවසන් වීමෙන් පසු නැවත සාමාන්‍ය සමාජයට මුසු වීමටත් අවශ්‍ය ඉගැන්වීම් සිදුකරයි.

නව බඳවා ගැනීමකදී ලබා දෙන උපදෙස්  "සරඹ" ලෙස හඳුන්වයි. මෙහිදී සාමාන්‍යයෙන් ක්‍රමානුකූලව සිට ගැනීමට, ගමනේ යාමට සහ විධානයන් නියමානුකූල ලෙස පිළිපැදීමට උගන්වයි. සරඹ යනු 18 වැනි ශතවර්ෂයේ පෞරාණික යුධ උපක්‍රම මඟින් අභාෂනය ලැබුවකි. මෙවැනි පැරණි ක්‍රම දැන් යල් පැන ගොස් ඇතත්, සරඹ මගින් යම් කිසිවෙකු විධානයන්ට නතුවන ලෙසට හුරුකරවන අතර සටන් බිමට මුහුණ දිය යුතු ආකාරයද පහදා දෙයි. මෙමගින් යම් පාබල සොල්දාදුවෙකුට සමතලා නොමැති බිමක ඉදිරියට ගමන් කිරීමේදී තම සගයන් සමඟ, ඔවුනට සාපේක්ෂව, නියමිත ගමනක යෙදීමට හුරු කරවයි. සරඹ මගින් යම්කිසිවෙකු තුල නායකත්ව සංවර්ධනයක්ද ඇති කරයි. මෙමඟින් හමුදා භටයන්, ඉක්මන් විධානයන්ට ප්‍රතිචාර දක්වන ආකාරයට නැඹුරු වන අතර එමඟින් ඔවුන් හුදෙක් අවිගත් සැහැසියන්ය යන තත්ත්වයෙන් මුදාහැර, වැදගත් හික්මුණු පිරිසක් බවට පත් කරයි.

ෆින්ලන්ත හමුදාවට අනුව කරුණු 4 ක් අරබයා සරඹ සිදුකරයි.

චර්යාවාදයට අනුව සරඹ මගින් කිසිවෙකුත් විවරණෝපයෝගී ඉගෙනුමක් නොලබන අතර හුදෙක්ම විධානයන්ට අවනත වීමක් පමණක් සිදු වේ. එමනිසා මෙය අසාර්ථක ක්‍රමයක් සහ අවිපුහුණුවේ සම්පත් අපතේ යාමක් ලෙස දැක්විය හැකිය.

අලුත් සාමාජිකයින් බඳවා ගැනීමේදී ලබාදෙන තදබල ශාරීරික පුහුණුවීම් වල අරමුණ නම්, යුධ භූමියේ කටයුතු වලට හුරු කිරීමත්, එමෙන්ම අඩු හැකියාවෙන් සහ අවප්‍රේරිත පුද්ගලයන් අවම කිරීමත්ය. එමෙන්ම මෙමගින් චිත්ත ධෛර්යයද ඉහල නංවයි.

යුධ හමුදාවන්හි සහ නාවික හමුදාවන්හි පුහුණුවීම් වලට සාමාන්‍යයෙන් ඉලක්කයට වෙඩි තැබීම්, ගිනි අවි හැසිරවීම හා පවත්වාගෙන යාම, ශාරීරික පුහුණුව, ප්‍රථමාධාර ක්‍රම, ගැලවී යාමේ උපක්‍රම ආදිය අතුලත් වේ. නාවික හමුදා සහ වෙරළාරක්ෂක සේවයේ පුහුණුවීම්; ගලවාගැනීම්, ශාරීරික යෝග්‍යතාවය, මූලික නාවික ශාස්ත්‍රය, නැව් තට්ටුවේදී වෙඩි තැබීම, මූලික  ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව සහ සංඥා යනාදිය පිළිබඳව ඉගැන්වීම් වලට මුල්තැන දෙයි. ගුවන් හමුදා ඉගැන්වීම් වලට සාමාන්‍යයෙන් ශාරීරික පුහුණුවීම්, හමුදා හා පන්ති නීතිරීති, භූමියෙහි පුහුණුවීම්, වෙඩි තැබීම, ප්‍රථමාධාර ක්‍රම, ආරක්ෂක උපකරණ භාවිතය අඩංගු වෙයි.

සටහන

මූලික පුහුණුවීම් ප්‍රතිසමාජානුයෝජනය