The 1911 Canadian federal election was held on September 21, 1911 to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 12th Parliament of Canada.

The central issue was Liberal support for a proposed agreement with the United States president William Howard Taft to lower tariffs. The Conservative Party denounced it because it threatened to weaken ties with Britain, submerge the Canadian economy and Canadian identity with the US, and lead to American annexation of Canada. The idea of a Canadian Navy was also an issue.

The Conservatives won, and Robert Borden became the eighth prime minister. The election ended 15 years of government by the Liberal Party of Wilfrid Laurier.

Navy
The Liberal government was caught up in a debate over the naval arms race between the British Empire and Germany. Laurier attempted a compromise by starting up the Canadian Navy (now the Royal Canadian Navy) but failed to appease either the French-Canadians or English-Canadians: the former refused giving any aid, and the latter suggested sending money directly to Britain. After the election, the Conservatives drew up a bill for naval contributions to the British, but it was held up by a lengthy Liberal filibuster before it was passed in the House of Commons by invoking closure, only to be defeated by the Liberal-controlled Senate.

Ties to Britain
Many English Canadians in British Columbia and the Maritimes felt that Laurier was abandoning Canada's traditional links to their mother country, Great Britain. On the other side, the Quebec nationalist Henri Bourassa, who had earlier quit the Liberal Party over what he considered the government's pro-British policies, campaigned against Laurier in the province. Ironically, Bourassa's attacks on Laurier in Quebec aided in the election of the Conservatives, who held policies that were more staunchly imperialist than those of the Liberals.

In mid-1910, Laurier had attempted to kill the naval issue, which was settling English-Canadians against French-Canadians by opening talks for a reciprocity treaty with the United States. He believed that an economically-favourable treaty would appeal to most Canadians and have the additional benefit of dividing the Conservatives between the western wing of the party, which had long wanted free trade with the United States, and the eastern wing, which was more hostile to Continentalism.

In January 1911, Laurier and US President William Howard Taft announced that they signed a reciprocity agreement, which they decided to pass by concurrent legislation rather than a formal treaty, as would normally have been the case. As such, the reciprocity agreement had to be ratified by both houses of the US Congress rather than just the US Senate, which Laurier would later regret.

Ties to United States
The base of Liberal support shifted to Western Canada, which sought markets for its agricultural products. The party had long been a proponent of free trade with the United States. The protected manufacturing businesses of Central Canada were strongly against the idea. The Liberals, who by ideology and history had strongly supported free trade, decided to make the issue the central plank of their re-election strategy, and they negotiated a free trade agreement in natural products with the United States.

Clark speech
Allen argues that two speeches by American politicians gave the Conservatives the ammunition needed to arouse anti-American, pro-British sentiments, which provided the winning votes. The Speaker of the US House of Representatives was a Democrat, Champ Clark, and he declared, on the floor of the House, "I look forward to the time when the American flag will fly over every square foot of British North America up to the North Pole. The people of Canada are of our blood and language." Clark went on to suggest in his speech that reciprocity agreement was the first step towards the end of Canada, a speech that was greeted with "prolonged applause" according to the Congressional Record. The Washington Post reported, "Evidently, then, the Democrats generally approved of Mr. Clark's annexation sentiments and voted for the reciprocity bill because, among other things, it improves the prospect of annexation."

The Chicago Tribune, in an editorial, condemned Clark and warned that Clark's speech might have fatally damaged the reciprocity agreement in Canada and stated, "He lets his imagination run wild like a Missouri mule on a rampage. Remarks about the absorption of one country by another grate harshly on the ears of the smaller."

A Republican Representative, William Stiles Bennet, a member of the House Foreign Relations Committee, introduced a resolution that asked the Taft administration to begin talks with Britain on how the United States might best annex Canada. Taft rejected the proposal and asked the committee to take a vote on the resolution, which only Bennett supported, but the Conservatives now had more ammunition. Since Bennett, a strong protectionist, had been an opponent of the reciprocity agreement, the Canadian historian Chantal Allen suggested that Bennett had introduced his resolution deliberately inflame Canadian opinion against the reciprocity agreement. Clark's speech had already provoked massive outrage in Canada. Bennett's resolution was taken by many Canadians as more proof that the Conservatives were right that the reciprocity agreement would result in the US annexing Canada.

The Washington Post noted that the effect of Clark's speech and Bennett's resolution in Canada had "roused the opponents of reciprocity in and out of Parliament to the highest pitch of excitement they have yet reached". The Montreal Daily Star, English Canada's most widely read newspaper and had supported the Liberals and reciprocity, now did a volte-face and turned against the reciprocity agreement. In an editorial, it wrote, "None of us realized the inward meaning of the shrewdly framed offer of the long headed American government when we first saw it. It was as cunning a trap as ever laid. The master bargainers of Washington have not lost their skill."

Anti-Americanism
Contemporary accounts mentioned in the aftermath of Clark's speech that anti-Americanism was at an all-time high in Canada. Many American newspapers advised their readers that if they visited Canada, they should not identify themselves as American, or they could become the objects of abuse and hatred from the Canadians. The New York Times, in a July 1911 report stated that Laurier was "having the fight of his career to carry reciprocity at all". One Conservative MP compared the relationship of Finance Minister William Stevens Fielding and Taft to Samson and Delilah, with Fielding having "succumbed to the Presidential blandishments."

When the reciprocity agreement was submitted by Laurier to the House of Commons for ratification by Parliament, the Conservatives waged a vigorous filibuster against the reciprocity agreement on the floor of the House. Although the Liberals still had two years left in their mandate, they decided to call an election to settle the issue after it had aroused controversy, and Laurier was unable to break the filibuster.

Borden largely ran on a platform of opposing the reciprocity agreement under the grounds that it would "Americanize" Canada and claimed that there was a secret plan on the part of the Taft administration to annex Canada, with the reciprocity agreement being only the first step. In his first speech given in London, Borden declared, "It is beyond doubt that the leading public men of the United States, its leading press, and the mass of its people believe annexation of the Dominion to be the ultimate, inevitable, and desirable result of this proposition, and for that reason support it."

To support his claims, the Conservatives produced thousands of pamphlets reproducing the speeches of Clark and Bennett, which encouraged a massive burst of anti-Americanism that was sweeping across English Canada in 1911.

One American newspaper wrote that the Conservatives were portraying the Americans as "a corrupt, bragging, boodle-hunting and negro lynching crowd from which Canadian workingmen and the Canadian land of milk and honey must be saved." On 7 September 1911, the Montreal Star published a front-page appeal to all Canadians by the popular British poet Rudyard Kipling, who had been asked by his friend, Max Aitken, to write something for the Conservatives. Kipling wrote in his appeal to Canadians, "It is her own soul that Canada risks today. Once that soul is pawned for any consideration, Canada must inevitably conform to the commercial, legal, financial, social and ethical standards which will be imposed on her by the sheer admitted weight of the United States." Kipling's appeal attracted much media attention in English Canada and was reprinted over the next week, in every English newspaper in Canada.

Immigration
In British Columbia, the Conservative Party ran on the slogan "A White Canada" by playing to the fears of British Columbians who resented the increasing presence of cheap Asian labour and the resulting depression in wages.

Results
The campaign went badly for the Liberals, however. The powerful manufacturing interests of Toronto and Montreal switched their allegiance and financing to the Conservatives, who argued that free trade would undermine Canadian sovereignty and lead to a slow annexation of Canada by the US. In an editorial after Borden's victory, the Los Angeles Times wrote: "Their ballots have consigned to everlasting flames the bogy of annexation by the United States which Champ Clark called from the deeps. It was not really a wraith of anything that existed on this side of the line. It was a pumpkin scarehead with blazing eyes, a crooked slit for a nose, and a hideous grinning mouth which the fun-loving Champ placed upon a pole along with the Stars and Stripes, the while he carried terror to loyal Canuck hearts by his derisive shout of annexation."

The election is often compared to the 1988 federal election, which was also fought over free trade, but the positions of the two parties were now reversed, with the Liberals against the Conservatives' trade proposals.

The Conservatives dominated in Ontario, British Columbia and Manitoba. They also made significant gains in Quebec and Atlantic Canada, although the Liberals still won pluralities in both regions. The Liberals continued to dominate in Alberta and Saskatchewan, where free trade was extremely popular. Notably, this remains the most recent federal election where the Liberals would win the most seats in Alberta (although most Albertan Liberals supported the Borden-led Unionist government during the First World War).

National results

Notes:

* Party did not nominate candidates in the previous election.

1 One Conservative candidate was acclaimed in Ontario.

2 One Liberal candidate was acclaimed in Ontario, and two Liberals were acclaimed in Quebec.

Results by province

See also

List of Canadian federal general elections
List of political parties in Canada
11th Canadian Parliament

Notes

References

 Brown, Robert Craig. Robert Laird Borden: A Biography (1975), the major scholarly biography
 Brown, Robert Craig, and Ramsay Cook. Canada: 1896–1921 (1974)
 Dafoe John W. Clifford Sifton in Relation to His Times. Toronto, 1931.
 Dafoe John W. Laurier: a Study in Canadian Politics. Toronto, 1922.

 Ellis, L. Ethan. Reciprocity, 1911: A Study in Canadian-American Relations (1939)  online

 Porritt Edward. Sixty Years of Protection in Canada, 1846–1907: Where Industry Leans on the Politicians. (London, 1908)  online

 Stevens, Paul D. The 1911 General Election: A Study in Canadian Politics (Toronto: Copp Clard, 1970)

Primary sources
 Borden, Robert. Robert Laird Borden: His Memoirs edited and with an introduction by Henry Borden
 Harpell, James J., Canadian National Economy: the Cause of High Prices and Their Effect upon the Country. Toronto, 1911.

Notes

See also
12th Canadian Parliament

1911 elections in Canada
1911
September 1911 events

1911 Canadian federal election


Slovačka akademija znanosti (slov. Slovenská akadémia vied, pokrata SAV), krovna je znanstvena i akademska državna ustanova u Slovačkoj, sa sjedištem u Bratislavi. Ustrojena je u tri razreda, za fiziku, prirodoslovlje i društvene znanosti, a u sklopu Akademije djeluje i 58 znanstveno-istraživačkih instituta i 13 pridruženih ustanova. Akademija uređuje i izdaje 44 znanstvenih i stručnih časopisa te godišnje stotinjak monografija. Ustanovljena je 2. lipnja 1942., završetkom Drugog svjetskog rata ugašena, da bi 18. srpnja 1953. odlukom Slovačkog narodnog vijeća ponovno uspostavljena. Tijekom komunističke Čehoslovačke djelovala je pod nadzorom vladajućeg režima, da bi Baršunastom revolucijom i uspostavom neovisne Slovačke zadobila potrebnu autonomiju postavši neovisnom znanstvenom ustanovom.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službeno mrežno mjesto

Akademije znanosti i umjetnosti
Bratislava
Znanost i tehnologija u Slovačkoj

Slovačka akademija znanosti


Isus Baraba sau Barabbas este o figură biblică care apare în relatarea Patimilor lui Isus din Nazaret. Baraba este un tâlhar sau un rebel pe care Pilat din Pont  l-a eliberat la Ierusalim de Paști în locul lui Isus la alegerea mulțimii adunate. Mulțimea a ales ca Baraba să fie eliberat și Isus din Nazaret să fie răstignit. Marcu și Luca se referă la Baraba ca la un om implicat într-o  revoltă a  zeloților împotriva romanilor. Obiceiul de a elibera prizonieri în Ierusalim, de Paște, este cunoscut sub numele de Iertarea pascală, dar acest obicei nu este înregistrat în niciun document istoric, altul în afara  evangheliilor. Numele Baraba provine din aramaică בר-אבא, Bar-abbâ (fiul tatălui).

Potrivit istoricului Max Dimont, povestea lui Baraba așa cum apare în evanghelii este lipsită de credibilitate din punct de vedere roman, deoarece prezintă autoritatea romană, reprezentată de Pilat din Pont, intimidată de o  mulțime mică de civili neînarmați în a elibera un prizonier condamnat la moarte pentru răscoală împotriva Imperiului Roman. Un guvernator roman care ar fi făcut acest lucru ar fi fost la rândul lui executat.

Referințe și note

Vezi și
 Răstignirea lui Isus
 Patimile lui Hristos (film)

Isus din Nazaret
Oameni din Noul Testament

Baraba


فاسيلييفو  هي مدينة في جمهورية تتارستان في روسيا.

يبلغ عدد سكانها حوالي 16703 نسمة.

مراجع

بلدات من النمط المدني في جمهورية تتارستان
أماكن مأهولة أسست في القرن 17
مدن تتارستان

فاسيلييفو (تاتارستان)


Nicolae Zugrav (n. 1871, Uricani, județul Hunedoara – d. 1940) a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia , organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918  ..

Biografie
Nicolae Zugrav face parte dintr-un șir de cinci preoți din familia cu numele "Zugravu": Nicolaie Popa Zugravu – tânărul pictor din Râmnicu Vâlcea care a realizat pictura bisericii de lemn din Uricani ridicată în anii 1790-1791 și pictată între anii 1792-1806 – care a fost ales preot de locuitorii comunei Uricani, funcție deținută până în anul 1834; Ilie Zugravu – preot în perioada 1834-1864; Nicolaie Zugravu - preot în perioada 1864-1891; Ilie Zugravu - preot în perioada 1891-1897; Nicolaie Zugravu - preot în perioada 1897-1914 . A făcut școala primară din satul natal, Liceul la Blaj, iar mai târziu Teologia la Budapesta. În 21 mai 1896 se căsătorește cu Lucreția Munteanu . A fost hirotonit în 1896 ca preot-ajutor în Vișag. În perioada 1897-1913 a fost preot-paroh în satul natal, Uricani, iar în perioada 1913-1940 a fost paroh și protopop la Lupeni, unde a fost și președinte al Consiliului Național Român. Din 1921 a fost canonic al Episcopiei din Lugoj .

La Uricani a fost primul preot cu studii teologice înalte, întrucât preoții de până la el au fost, majoritatea, neștiutori de carte, el fiind absolvent al Seminarului Central și al Facultății de Teologie din Budapesta. A avut o contribuție deosebită la ridicarea unor monumente publice importante pentru locuitorii din zona Uricani-Hobiceni; astfel, s-a remarcat prin construirea casei parohiale din 1898, construirea unei școli cu două săli de clasă și a unei locuințe pentru directorul școlii în anul 1905, construcții din piatră, dotate cu toate dependințele necesare. A contribuit la înzestrarea parohiei cu o pădure de aproape 100 de iugăre cadastrale, câștigate cu ocazia segregării pădurilor . A pus bazele unui fond important pentru zidirea unei noi biserici, fond care ajunsese la suma de 100.000 lei până în anul 1930, bani din care s-au dat burse celor mai buni elevi de la Liceul din Petroșani, începând din anul 1927. De asemenea, la îndemnul său, preoțimea a renunțat la suma de 600.000 lei ce i s-ar fi cuvenit ca despăgubiri de război, în favoarea fondurilor de binefacere ale diecezei de Lugoj .

A organizat, în înțelesul modern, învățământul primar de la școala confesională care la venirea lui se afla într-o stare primitivă. A zidit noul edificiu, pentru ca apoi să atragă aici învățători și profesori bine pregătiți. Așa cum menționa parohul Alexandru Cosma în anul 1934 în documentul Istoria parohiei Hobiceni-Uricani. Temă pentru sinodul de primăvară din anul 1934: Prin învățătură sistematică în școală, prin predică regulată în biserică, prin pastorație aleasă și conștientă și mai ales printr-o viață atât privată cât și oficială cu adevărat preoțească s-a făcut cu adevărat lumina lumii și sarea pământului în această parte a viei Domnului. El a fost bărbatul providențial al acestei parohii. Când a fost numit protopop tractual și mai târziu canonic onorar, când a fost de două ori trimis în Senatul țării, toată Valea Jiului i-a strigat Vrednic este .

Când moare protopopul Ștefan Radic de la Petroșani, conducerea protopopiatului i se încredințează lui ca unuia dintre cei mai chemați și mai bine dotați dintre preoții de pe atunci, protopopiat pe care-l conduce întâi de la Uricani, iar mai apoi, din 1912, de la Lupeni. Și în timpul păstoririi sale din Lupeni, Nicolae Zugrav s-a remarcat prin munca sa stăruitoare și pricepută, care se concretizează în repararea bisericii, întemeierea unei școli confesionale românești, două case parohiale, o casă culturală etc. Chemat în două rânduri la centrul episcopal pentru a fi avansat pe scara ierarhică, Nicolae Zugravu refuză, preferând să rămână să slujească pe mai departe în Lupeni. De asemenea, va refuza mai târziu și funcția de ministru al cultelor care i se oferă. Ca urmare a comportamentului său de bun român, Nicolae Zugrav era arestat în anul 1916 de către autoritățile maghiare, ținut până în luna iulie 1918. În anul 1918 este ales vicepreședinte al Sfatului Național Român din comuna Lupeni, contribuind la menținerea ordinii din localitate în timpul agitațiilor din toamna anului 1918 .

De-a lungul păstoririi asupra tractului s-au clădit 10 biserici noi, 6 case parohiale și s-au renovat alte multe biserici și case parohiale. De preoți era recunoscut drept un părinte și îndrumător cu autoritate deplină. A fost printre întâii întemeietori ai ASTREI în Valea Jiului, al cărei președinte a fost atunci când s-a creat, în 1912, noul Despărțământ al Jiului. În ceea ce privește activitatea sa pe tărâm național, îl găsim prezent în toate mișcările naționale înainte, ca si după Unire..

Activitatea politică

Ca deputat în Adunarea Națională din 1 decembrie 1918 Nicolae Zugrav a fost delegat al Cercului electoral Hațeg .

În zilele de 2,3 și 4 noiembrie 1919 și 7-8 noiembrie 1919 au loc alegeri în județul Hunedoara pentru Camera Deputaților, respectiv Senat. Dintre cei aleși pentru a reprezenta județul în primul parlament al României Mari s-au aflat și trei personalități de pe Valea Jiului: Ioan Duma, Valeriu Bociat și Nicolae Zugrav. Acesta din urmă a fost ales fără a mai fi votat, fiind primul candidat din circumscripția electorală Petroșani la funcția de senator .

Recunoașteri
În anul 1921 episcopul Valeriu Traian Frențiu îl distinge cu titlul de canonic onorar . Ca urmarea a activității sale intense pe plan cultural, social și religios, a fost decorat de către regele Ferdinand cu ocazia vizitei sale în Valea Jiului din anul 1922 .

Note

Bibliografie
 Ioan I. Șerban, Dorin Giurgiu, Ionela Mircea, Nicolae Josan, Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Muzeul Național al Unirii, Alba Iulia, 2003, ISBN 973-8 8141-90-7.
 Gelu Neamțu, Mircea Vaida-Voevod, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților, vol. I-II, Editura Academiei Române, București, 2005, ISBN 973-27-1258-9 (vol. I); ISBN 973-27-1264-3 (vol. II)
 http://hunedoaraplus.ro/primii-parlamentari-romani-alesi-in-valea-jiului-un-inginer-si-doi-preoti-bociat-duma-si-zugravu/, accesat la 4 decembrie 1918
 http://www.zvj.ro/articole-46361-La+Uricani++Ziua+Na++ional+++a+Romaniei+++s++rb++torit+++cu+sentimente+patriotice.html, accesat la 4 decembrie 2018

Lectură suplimentară
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu-Mureș, 1993.
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998.
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015.

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918
 1 decembrie 1918, Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia. Mărturii, documente și semnificații
http://centenarulromaniei.ro/delegatii-alesi-ai-romanilor-din-transilvania-adunarea-nationala-1-decembrie-1918-alba-iulia

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
 Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Nașteri în 1871
Decese în 1940
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Preoți greco-catolici români
Oameni din județul Hunedoara

Nicolae Zugrav


Un pont de claies est un ouvrage d'art rudimentaire constitué d'une structure légère en bois plantée dans le lit d'une rivière peu profonde, surmontée de panneaux de vannerie (généralement du noisetier) et permettant de franchir le cours d'eau en période d'étiage (lorsqu'un gué n'est pas présent). Leur existence est notamment attestée par la toponymie de plusieurs rues bordant la Semois (Mortehan, Bertrix, Vresse-sur-Semois).
Ces ponts étaient généralement démontés en saison de hautes eaux car les branchages et autres élements solides charriés par la rivière étaient susceptibles de les endommager, a fortiori s'ils étaient submergés.

Un pont de ce type est reconstitué durant l'été depuis plusieurs années à Laforêt (Vresse-sur-Semois).

Notes et références

Pont par type architectural
Pont sur la Semois

Pont de claies


(în , în , ) este pseudonimul istoricului, scriitorului și folcloristului bașchir Fathelkadir Mustafievici Suleymanov (, ). Este autorul a peste 350 de articole științifice. Abdulkadir Inan a făcut cercetări despre vechea religie și cultură turcă.  Pe lângă toate dialectele turcești, Abdulkadir İnan știa limbile arabă, persană, rusă și germană.

Biografie
După izbucnirea primului război mondial, a fost chemat pe front. După Revoluția din Februarie,  ca soldat al garnizoanei Ekaterinburg a fost ales ca delegat al celui de-al doilea Congres al Muncitorilor, țăranilor și soldaților din Ural. În primii ani după Revoluția din Octombrie, Abdulkadir Inan a fost un participant activ la mișcarea de eliberare națională a bașchirilor.

Anii 1913-1916 s-au dovedit a fi cei mai creativi din biografia scriitorului. A publicat sub pseudonimul "Inan" (care înseamnă "cred" în limba turcă), numele ales l-a explicat astfel:

În 1919-1920, în calitate de membru al guvernului bașchir, a participat activ la structura guvernului Republicii Bașkir, a lucrat în Sterlitamak, Ufa și Moscova.

Din aprilie 1920, Inan fost membru al consiliului de administrație al Editurii de Stat a Republicii Autonome Sovietice Bașchire. Nefiind de acord cu restrângerea drepturilor Republicii, pentru a protesta împotriva deciziei Comitetului Executiv Central al RSFS Rusă cu privire la autonomia Republicii Bașchire,  din data de 19 mai 1920 a părăsit postul și a plecat în Asia Centrală, și apoi în 1923 cu Ahmetzaki Validi (stânga în imagine) a părăsit Rusia Sovietică și a emigrat în Turcia. A lucrat la Institutul de Turcologie din Istanbul, la Societatea Lingvistică Turcă, Departamentul de Religie, Institutul de Cultură.

Note

Vezi și
 Listă de bașchiri
 Republica Sovietică Socialistă Autonomă Bașchiră

Legături externe
 R. Baynazarova - Abdulkadir Inan și religia vechilor turci
 Abdulkadir Inan

Nașteri în 1889
Decese în 1976
Bașchiri
Scriitori cunoscuți sub pseudonimele folosite
Folcloriști
Scriitori din secolul al XX-lea

Abdulkadir Inan


Kustovnica (vučac, crni trn; Lat. Lycium), biljni rod iz porodice krumpirovki (pomoćnica (Solanaceae). Pripada mu 99  vrsta iz velikih dijelova Euroazije, Afrike, Sjeverne i Južne Amerike i Australije. To su uglvnom bodljikavi grmovi, dvospolni ili dvodomni.

U Hrvatskoj postoje 4 vrste: isprepletena kustovnica (Lycium intricatum), obična kustovnica (Lycium europaeum), bodkastolistna kustovnica (Lycium barbarum) i kineska kustovnica (Lycium chinense).

Rod Lycium danas se uključuje u tribus Lycieae , a ponekad (Michael Hassler) u Nolaneae sa rodovima Sclerophylax i Nolana

Vrste

 Lycium afrum L., afrički vučac
 Lycium amarum Lu Q. Huang
 Lycium ameghinoi Speg.
 Lycium americanum Jacq.
 Lycium amoenum Dammer
 Lycium anatolicum A. Baytop & R. R. Mill
 Lycium andersonii A. Gray
 Lycium arenicola Miers
 Lycium armatum Griff.
 Lycium arochae F. Chiang, T. Wendt & E. J. Lott
 Lycium athium Bernardello
 Lycium australe F. Muell.
 Lycium barbarum L., bodkastolistna kustovnica, obični vučac
 Lycium berlandieri Dunal
 Lycium boerhaaviifolium L. fil.
 Lycium bosciifolium Schinz
 Lycium brevipes Benth.
 Lycium bridgesii (Miers) R. A. Levin, Jill S. Mill. & Bernardello
 Lycium californicum Nutt. ex A. Gray
 Lycium carolinianum Walter
 Lycium cestroides Schltdl.
 Lycium chanar Phil.
 Lycium chilense Bertero, čileanski vučac
 Lycium chinense Mill.,  kineska kustovnica
 Lycium ciliatum Schltdl.
 Lycium cinereum Thunb.
 Lycium cochinchinense Lour.
 Lycium cooperi A. Gray
 Lycium cuneatum Dammer
 Lycium cyathiforme C. L. Hitchc.
 Lycium cylindricum Kuang & A. M. Lu
 Lycium dasystemum Pojark.
 Lycium decumbens Welw. ex Hiern
 Lycium densifolium Wiggins
 Lycium depressum Stocks
 Lycium deserti Phil.
 Lycium distichum Meyen
 Lycium edgeworthii Dunal
 Lycium eenii S. Moore
 Lycium elliotii Dammer
 Lycium elongatum Miers
 Lycium europaeum L., obična kustovnica, trnasti vučac
 Lycium exsertum A. Gray
 Lycium ferocissimum Miers
 Lycium flexicaule Pojark.
 Lycium fremontii A. Gray
 Lycium fuscum Miers
 Lycium gariepense A. M. Venter
 Lycium geniculatum Fernald
 Lycium gilliesianum Miers
 Lycium glomeratum Sendtn.
 Lycium grandicalyx Joubert & Venter
 Lycium hantamense A. M. Venter
 Lycium hassei Greene
 Lycium hirsutum Dunal
 Lycium horridum Thunb.
 Lycium humile Phil.
 Lycium infaustum Miers
 Lycium intricatum Boiss., isprepletena kustovnica
 Lycium kopetdaghi Pojark.
 Lycium leiospermum I. M. Johnst.
 Lycium leiostemum Wedd.
 Lycium macrodon A. Gray
 Lycium makranicum Schönb.-Tem.
 Lycium martii Sendtn.
 Lycium megacarpum Wiggins
 Lycium minimum C. L. Hitchc.
 Lycium minutifolium J. Rémy
 Lycium ningxiaense R. J. Wang & Q. Liao
 Lycium nodosum Miers
 Lycium oxycarpum Dunal
 Lycium pallidum Miers
 Lycium parishii A. Gray
 Lycium petraeum Feinbrun
 Lycium pilifolium C. H. Wright
 Lycium puberulum A. Gray
 Lycium pubitubum C. L. Hitchc.
 Lycium pumilum Dammer
 Lycium qingshuigeense Xu L. Jiang & J. N. Li
 Lycium rachidocladum Dunal
 Lycium repens Speg.
 Lycium ruthenicum Murray
 Lycium sandwicense A. Gray
 Lycium schaffneri A. Gray ex Hemsl.
 Lycium schizocalyx C. H. Wright
 Lycium schreiteri F. A. Barkley
 Lycium schweinfurthii Dammer
 Lycium shawii Roem. & Schult.
 Lycium shockleyi A. Gray
 Lycium sokotranum Wagner & Vierh.
 Lycium stenophyllum J. Rémy
 Lycium strandveldense A. M. Venter
 Lycium tenuispinosum Miers
 Lycium tetrandrum Thunb.
 Lycium texanum Correll
 Lycium torreyi A. Gray
 Lycium truncatum Y. C. Wang
 Lycium villosum Schinz
 Lycium vimineum Miers
 Lycium yunnanense Kuang & A. M. Lu
 Lycium × argentino-cestroides Hieron. ex Seckt
 Lycium × ciliato-elongatum Bernardello

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Solanoideae

Kustovnica


An Gastrochilus sutepensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Robert Allen Rolfe ngan Dorothy Downie, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Gunnar Seidenfaden och Tem Smitinand. An Gastrochilus sutepensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Gastrochilus, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae.

Mabibilngan ini ha Thailand. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Gastrochilus

Gastrochilus sutepensis


Leptodontaceae, porodica pravih mahovina u redu Hypnales. Postoji pet rodova.

Rodovi
 Caduciella Enroth
 Leptodon D. Mohr
 Leucodontopsis Renauld & Cardot
 Pseudocryphaea E. Britton ex Broth.
 Taiwanobryum Nog.

Izvori

Hypnales

Leptodontaceae


Midtowntunnelen eller Queens-Midtown Tunnel er en 1,955 km lang samling af to tunneler under East River i New York City. Den forbinder Queens på Long Island med Manhattan. Tunnelen blev tegnet af norskfødte Ole Singstad og blev taget i brug i 1940. Der passerer dagligt omkring 79.000 køretøjer gennem Midtowntunnelen.

Tunneler i USA

Midtowntunnelen


رشاد بن بشير السنوسي الهوني شاعر ليبي، ولد في 31 ديسمبر 1937 في طنطا حيث هاجر إليها والده قادمآ من تركيا إبان الاحتلال الايطالى لليبيا ليستقر به المقام شيخاً بمسجد السيد أحمد البدوى. تعود الأسرة عقب وفاة والده عام 1946 بعد عامين للأقامة بمدينة بنغازي..عام 1954 يبدأ رشاد حياته العملية بالعمل في بلدية بنغازي.

ينشر إنتاجه الشعري الأول في مجلة النور عام 1957، أما أولى قصصه (الأرض) ينشرها عام 1961 في مجلة الإذاعة الليبية وتفوز بجائرة أدبية. يوالي نشر قصائده وقصصه بمجلة الإذاعة عام 1964 يصدر شقيقه محمد بشير الهونى صحيفة الحقيقة التي يبدأ رشاد بنشر قصائده وقصصه ومقالاته فيها في بابه الأسبوعي (من يوم ليوم). عام 1966 تبدأ صحيفة الحقيقة في الصدور اليومي، ويصبح رشاد شريكاً في الصحيفة ومديرا لتحريرها. عقب توقف الصحيفة عن الصدور أقام رشاد في بيروت وأصدر مع الصادق النيهوم عن دار الشورى سلسلة (مكتبة في كل بيت) وعند اندلاع الحرب الأهلية في لبنان عام 1975ينتقل إلى لندن ويقيم هناك ويعمل في البي بي سي.

قي عام 1977م يؤسس ويصدر وشريكيه أحمد الصالحين الهوني (وزير الاعلام قي العهد الملكى) والحاج علي السلاك (رجل الأعمال الليبى) صحيفة العرب في لندن ويترك العمل بها سنة 1979م، وينتقل للإقامة في القاهرة. وفي عام 1983 عاد إلى بنغازي بعد أن شده الحنين إليها وشارك في بعض الأعمال الحرة.

توفي رشاد الهوني فجر السبت 2 أكتوبر 1993م، ودفن عصر نفس اليوم في مقبرة الهواري بمدينة بنغازي.

المراجع

إعلاميون ليبيون
شعراء ليبيون
مواليد 1356 هـ
مواليد 1937
وفيات 1414 هـ
وفيات 1993

رشاد الهونى


Globodera  er ættkvísl af þráðormum af ættinni Heteroderidae. Þeir sníkja á jurtum af náttskuggaætt.

Tilvísanir

Tenglar
 Harper Adams University College Nematology Research
 Technical Notes on potato cyst nematode management from Harper Adams University College

 UK Government technical overview
 Pictures of the nematodes and infected plants
 Áminning til kartöflubænda - Bændablaðið

Sníkjudýr
Þráðormar
Kartöflusjúkdómar

Kartöfluhnúðormur


රංගනය

ගීතයන්
සංගීතය රෝහණ වීරසිංහයන්ගෙනි
Lyrics මහාචාර්ය සුනිල් ආරියරත්නයන්ගෙනි.

References

External links

Sinhala-language films
Sri Lankan films

ඇඩ්‍රස් නෑ


Definitely Not the Opera (or simply DNTO) was a magazine-style radio program focusing on aspects of pop culture and storytelling, that aired on CBC Radio One on Saturday afternoons from 1994 until 2016. The show's running time varied over the years, though it ran for a full hour in its final year. An abridged version of each program is available for download as a weekly podcast, with an abbreviated sister edition called Your DNTO, airing on Tuesday afternoons and featuring listener-submitted content.

DNTO is also syndicated to some public radio stations in the United States.

History
In 1993, the CBC launched Brand X as a Saturday afternoon replacement for Canada Live, which itself was a short-lived successor to Jack Farr's The Radio Show. Brand X also took over the youth and pop culture mandate from the network's recently cancelled Prime Time. Initially airing with a stable of regular contributors but no single host, Brand X premiered on June 26, 1993 and was co-created by André LaRivière and Bill Smith.

After a year under the Brand X title and format, the show was revamped by Bill Smith and became Definitely Not the Opera in September 1994. The new name was chosen because the program aired opposite Saturday Afternoon at the Opera on CBC Stereo. Nora Young, one of Brand X's contributors, was named as the new show's host, and held the position until September 2002, when musician and former MuchMusic VJ Sook-Yin Lee took over.

DNTO varied in length over the course of its run. Initially running four hours, it was reduced to two hours by the late 2000s, then one hour for its final season (2015-2016).

On May 2, 2016, CBC announced that DNTO would be discontinued after 22 seasons. The final episode, recorded before a live audience at CBC Radio's Winnipeg studios and aired on May 14, 2016, included special guests and highlights from the show's 22-year run. Lee continued with the CBC as host of the summer series Sleepover.

Features
When Young was its host, DNTO was a magazine-style show focusing on popular entertainment, containing features on pop-culture phenomena, movie, video and music reviews, as well as music and concert segments, comedy sketches by Elyse Friedman, and biographical features on entertainment and pop culture figures. Contributors during this era included Ross Porter (who sometimes filled in as host), Rex Murphy, Mary Walsh, Laurie Brown and Guy Maddin.

With Lee in the host chair, DNTO would gradually evolve in scope, transitioning by the second half of the 2000s from its former pop culture and entertainment focus to one that emphasized light documentary and storytelling. Each episode's wide-ranging focus would also evolve so that the segments would pertain to a specific aspect of modern life. For example, an episode might have a thematic focus on etiquette, fear, listening, interpersonal conflict, food or small talk. On-location profiles would also be among the episode themes, including a post-Hurricane Katrina visit to New Orleans in 2006 and a 2015 visit to the northern Manitoba community of Pukatawagan. Celebrity and expert interviews would remain, as would the music segments, but they would also focus on the episode's theme rather than being strictly promotional in nature. Remote segments and on-the-street interviews tying to the episode theme would also be included, along with first-person audio essays. A rotating stable of regular contributors – including comedian Candy Palmater, journalist Kaj Hasselriis and CBC Radio personalities Acey Rowe, Jane Farrow and Grant Lawrence – would also contribute their own themed segments.

In part to allow listeners to share their own related stories, a weekday offshoot of DNTO was established. Titled Your DNTO, the show aired on Tuesday afternoons. While the weekday show would sometimes include content repeated from the weekend show, the weekday show's primary emphasis was dedicated to airing stories submitted by listeners, who could record and upload their own contributions for possible broadcast to the DNTO website.

References

External links

CBC Radio One programs
1994 radio programme debuts
Audio podcasts
Canadian talk radio programs
1994 establishments in Canada
2016 radio programme endings
Canadian podcasts
2016 disestablishments in Canada
2013 podcast debuts
2014 podcast endings
1990s Canadian radio programs
2000s Canadian radio programs
2010s Canadian radio programs

Definitely Not the Opera


Léa Murawiec est une autrice et éditrice de bande dessinée française née en 1994.

Biographie
Léa Murawiec naît en 1994 d'un père architecte et d'une mère designer, elle a un frère.

Elle étudie à l'École Estienne puis obtient en 2018 un DNSEP à l'ÉESI d'Angoulême. Son travail de diplôme est une bande dessinée à choix multiples nommée Endurance. Elle réalisa durant ces études un Erasmus à Shangaï.

En 2013, encore étudiante à Estienne, elle commence à publier dans le fanzine Flǔtiste, publié par un groupe d'amis de l'École nationale supérieure des arts appliqués et des métiers d'art, dont chaque numéro repose sur un contrainte narrative. Après quelques publications, elle devient éditrice au sein du collectif.

Durant ces périodes d'étude, elle publie plusieurs fanzines et participe à divers collectifs. Dès sa sortie de l'école, elle débute une série de strips dans Biscoto. Elle obtient également une bourse croisée portée par l'ÉESI, Magelis et la Cité de la bande dessinée. Elle entre donc en résidence à la Maison des auteurs en octobre 2019 pour un an, durant lequel elle travaille sur son projet Le Grand Vide.

Publié par les éditions 2024 en août 2021, l'album obtient aussitôt un excellent accueil public et critique. Il est notamment désigné « Album de l'année 2021 » par la rédaction d'Actuabd et fait partie de la sélection officielle du Festival d'Angoulême 2022. Il remporte le Fauve du Public France Télévisions. Il obtient une "Mention" Prix BolognaRagazzi, dans la catégorie Comics - young adult à la Foire du livre de jeunesse de Bologne.

Œuvres

Publications dans les fanzines et revues Flǔtiste, Nébuleuse, Bento, Biscoto, Novland, Topo, etc..
 Conspiration, Flǔtiste, 2015.
 Main gauche, Radio as paper, coll. « Radio as paper mini-comics », 2017.
 Fabuleux Vaisseaux (avec Krocui), Flǔtiste, 2018.
 Panique, Polystyrène, coll. « Façade » 2018.
 Le Grand Vide, 2024, 2021.
 Semi Science-Fiction, Flǔtiste, 2023

Prix et distinctions
 2022 : Fauve du Public France Télévisions pour Le Grand Vide
 2022 :  "Mention" Prix BolognaRagazzi, catégorie Comics - young adult, Foire du livre de jeunesse de Bologne pour Le Grand Vide

Références

Liens externes

Dessinatrice française
Auteur français de bande dessinée
Naissance en 1994
Éditeur du XXIe siècle
Élève de l'École Estienne
Étudiant de l'École européenne supérieure de l'image

Léa Murawiec


A Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura (UNESCO) propôs um plano de proteção aos bens culturais do mundo, através do Comité sobre a Proteção do Património Mundial Cultural e Natural, aprovado em 1972. Esta é uma lista do Patrimônio Mundial existente na Europa Meridional, especificamente classificada pela UNESCO e elaborada de acordo com dez principais critérios cujos pontos são julgados por especialistas na área. A Europa Meridional, formada por quinze Estados-parte localizados na porção sul do continente europeu e banhados pelo Mar Mediterrâneo, é uma das sub-regiões classificadas pela UNESCO, sendo parte integrante da região Europa e América do Norte.

Para a definição da UNESCO, a Europa Meridional é composta pelos Estados-parte: Albânia, Andorra, Bósnia e Herzegovina, Croácia, Eslovênia, Espanha, Grécia, Itália, Malta, Montenegro, Macedônia do Norte, Portugal, San Marino, Sérvia e Vaticano. A sub-região abriga mais de uma centena de sítios localizados em 15 diferentes países. A Itália, que possui 58 bens listados, é o país da sub-região e o país do mundo com maior quantidade de sítios classificados como Patrimônio Mundial. Espanha (com 49 propriedades), Grécia (com 18 propriedades) e Portugal (com 17 propriedades) também abrigam as maiores concentrações de sítios listados no Patrimônio Mundial da UNESCO.

Sítios do Patrimônio Mundial
A região da Europa Meridional conta atualmente com os seguintes lugares declarados como Patrimônio da Humanidade pela UNESCO:

Europa Meridional

Lista do Patrimônio Mundial na Europa Meridional


Der Hygrostat (von  und ) dient der Regelung der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit in Räumen. Das Feuchtigkeitsmesselement des Sensors besteht aus Kunststoffgewebebändern mit hygroskopischen Eigenschaften. Durch die Aufnahme von Wasser ändert sich die Struktur der Fasern, was eine messbare Längenänderung zur Folge hat. Die Länge der Fasern ist somit ein Maß für die relative Luftfeuchtigkeit. Der vorwiegend in Längsrichtung wirkende Effekt wird über ein Gabelsystem einem Schalter mit sehr kleinem Umschaltweg zugeführt. Durch Einstellen des Sollwertknopfes wird so in das Gabelsystem eingegriffen, das bei Erreichen der eingestellten Luftfeuchtigkeit ein Schalter betätigt wird. Das perforierte Fühlerrohr dient dem Schutz der Fasern. Der Hygrostat dient der Regelung von Luftbefeuchtern und -entfeuchtern z. B. in Lebensmittelkühlräumen, Treibhäusern, Räumen der Textil- und Druckindustrie oder in Krankenhäusern.

Einzelnachweise

Klimatechnik
Hygrometer

Hygrostat


Six ships and a training establishment of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Imperieuse:
  was a 40-gun fifth-rate captured from the French in 1793.  She was renamed HMS Unite in 1803, was on harbour service from 1832, and was broken up in 1858.
  was a 40-gun fifth rate that the Dutch launched on 30 October 1797 and the British captured in 1799. The Royal Navy renamed her Imperieuse in 1801; she was broken up in 1805.
  was a 38-gun fifth-rate, previously the Spanish ship Medea (1797).  She was captured in 1804 and taken into service as HMS Iphigenia but renamed Imperieuse in 1805, placed on harbour service in 1818, and sold in 1838.
  was a wooden screw frigate launched in 1852 and sold in 1867.
  was an  armoured cruiser launched in 1883.  She was converted into a depot ship in 1905 and renamed HMS Sapphire II.  The name reverted to Imperieuse in 1909 and she was sold in 1913.
 HMS Imperieuse was the former ironclad battleship launched in 1869 as HMS Audacious. She became HMS Imperieuse in 1914 whilst serving as a repair ship.  She was sold in 1927.
  was a stoker's training establishment set up in 1944 aboard the obsolete battleships  and .  The establishment was paid off in 1948.

Royal Navy ship names

HMS Imperieuse


An Scuticaria itirapinensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Guido Frederico João Pabst. An Scuticaria itirapinensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Scuticaria, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Scuticaria (Orchidaceae)

Scuticaria itirapinensis


Peroz ( ; Écriture gupta :  Pi-ro-ysa, signifiant « Le victorieux ») ou Peroz III, est un important dirigeant du royaume kidarite des Huns rouges, qui remplace alors les Indo-Sassanides, au Nord-Ouest de l'actuelle Inde et Est de l'actuel Pakistan, sur les territoires du , Gandhara, Cachemire et Punjab.

Il fait suite à Kidara, le fondateur présumé de la dynastie, et remplacé par Kidara I.

Histoire de l'Inde
Kidarites
Monarque du IIIe siècle en Asie
Personnalité de l'Empire sassanide au IIIe siècle

Peroz (Kidarite)


بزوغ الفجر  هي الرواية الرابعة من سلسلة الشفق للكاتبة الأمريكية ستيفاني ماير. صدرت هذه الرواية في الولايات المتحدة في 2 أوت 2008.

بزوغ الفجر يقسم إلى ثلاثة كتب.الجزء الأول يحكى على لسان بيلا ويصف زواج وشهر عسل بيلا مع إدوارد، الذي يقضونه على جزيرة خاصّة خارج ساحل البرازيل.وبعدإسبوعان من شهرِ عسلهم، بيلا تدرك بأنها حبلى وبأن حملها يمضى سريعا جدا. وبعد الاتصال بكارلايل، الذي يؤكد حملها، يقرران هي وإدوارد ان يعودا إلى البيت فوراً إلى فوركس، واشنطن.وكان إدوارد على اقتناع بان الجنين وحش سيقتل بيلا كما يواصل التطوير بالسرعة الغير طبيعية، يَحثها باجراء إجهاض. على أية حال، بيلا تشعر بالحب نحو الطفلِ وترفض الإجهاض وينتهى الكتاب باتصالها بروزلى.

و الكتاب الثانيَ للرواية يحكى من وجهة نظر جايكوب بلاك، ويصف مدى عذابه لفكرة زواج بيلا وتوقع تحويلها إلى مصاصة دماء ويعزم على قتل عائلة بلاك ولكنه عندما يذهب إلى هناك يفأجئ بحمل بيلا وتهديده لحياتها حيث كان الجنين قوى للغاية ويقوم بكسر عظامها واضلاعها، كما انهم علموا بأن الجنين يستخدم اسنانه لشق طريقه خارج الرحم وان جميع البشريات اللاتى حملن من مصاصى دماء يموتون فور ولدتهم، ولكن بيلا تصر على الاحتفاظ بالجنين، وعندما يقرر الذئاب قتل بيلا حتى لا يخرج ذلك الجنين حيث سيكون صعب السيطرة عليه ويقوم بمص دماء البشر وقتلهم، ولكن جايكوب ينقلب على زعيم قطيع الذئاب ويكون قطيع جديد يقوم بالدفاع عن بيلا ومصاصى الدماء، ويشعر جايكوب بعذاب كبير، وينتهى الكتاب بولادة بيلا لفتاة سموها رينمي، وتحويل بيلا إلى مصاصة دماء، وتطابق جايكوب مع رينمي.

الكتاب الثالث من وجهة نظر بيلا، التي تتحول إلى مصاصة دماء وتعر بسعادة بالغة لبقائها الابدى مع حبيبها وابنتها ولجايكوب الذي احب ابنتها، ولكن بيلا تختلف عن مصاصى الدماء حديثى الولادة حيث لديها القدرة على السيطرة على نفسها وعدم الضعف امام الدماء البشرية، ولكن اليس ترى الفولترى قادمين لقتل رينم لظنهم انها لاتملك القدرة على السيطرة على نفسها وسوف تقوم بمهاجمة البشر علنا وتفضح وجود مصاصى الدماء، فيتستعين عائلة ادورد باصدقائهم من مصاصى الدماء والمذئوبين للدفاع عن رينمى واقناع الفولتيرى بعدم وجود خطر على البشر من ناحية رينمى وقدرتها على السيطرة على نفسها، وتتميز رينمى بالقدرة على النمو السريع وقدرتها على نقل افكارها إلى الاخرين عبر لمسهم، بينما تتميز بيلا بقدرتها على حماية عقلها من جميع المؤثرات مثل قراة الافكار وتعذيب الاخرين لها كجين وتستطيع مدة قدرتها إلى الاخرين، وينجحوا في اقناع الفولتيرى بعدم اذى رينمى
وقدرتها على السيطرة على نفسها، وينسحب الفولتيرى، وتنتهى السلسلة نهاية سعيدة.

الروابط الخارجية

 الصفحة الرسمية للرواية على موقع الكاتبة

مراجع

حمل المراهقات في الأدب
روايات أمريكية في 2008
روايات رومانسية
روايات رومانسية أمريكية
روايات سلسلة الشفق
روايات فانتازيا 2008
روايات فانتازيا أمريكية حولت إلى أفلام
روايات فانتازية
روايات فانتازية أمريكية
روايات مصاصي دماء أمريكية
سلسلة الشفق

بزوغ الفجر


APD is an initialism that may refer to:

Medicine
 Afferent pupillary defect
 Acid Peptic Diseases
 Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis
 Pamidronic acid, also known as aminohydroxypropylidene bisphosphonate
 Antipsychotic Drugs
 Auditory processing disorder, difficulty in recognising sounds
 Antisocial personality disorder
 Avoidant personality disorder
 Antimicrobial Peptide Database
 Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis

Law enforcement
 Airport Police Division, Singapore
 Akron Police Department
 Albany Police Department (Oregon)
 Albuquerque Police Department
 Amtrak Police Department
 Anaheim Police Department
 Anchorage Police Department
 Annapolis Police Department
 Antioch Police Department
 Apopka Police Department
 Arcadia Police Department
 Asheville Police Department
 Atlanta Police Department
 Aurora Police Department, Colorado
 Austin Police Department

Other
 Air Passenger Duty, an excise duty levied on passengers flying from UK airports
 APD, NYSE stock symbol for Air Products & Chemicals
 APD, reporting mark for the Albany Port Railroad
 Alianza por la Democracia, a Dominican Republic political party
 Alpha Phi Delta, an American college fraternity
 APD, National Rail code for Appledore (Kent) railway station
 APD-40, a stretch of highway near Cleveland, Tennessee
 A designation for highways that are part of the Appalachian Development Highway System (ADHS).
 Association de la paix par le droit, a French pacifist organisation
 Avalanche photodiode, a device for counting photons
 Apple Accessory Products Division, former name for The Keyboard Company, Inc.
 APD, U.S. Navy hull classification symbol for high-speed transport vessels
 American political development

APD


An Encyclia isochila in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Heinrich Gustav Reichenbach, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Donald Dungan Dod. An Encyclia isochila in nahilalakip ha genus nga Encyclia, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Encyclia

Encyclia isochila


Muse, 1994 yılında, İngiltere'nin güneybatısında yer alan Devon'daki Teignmouth kasabasında kurulan İngiliz rock grubu. Matthew Bellamy (solist, gitarist, piyanist, klavye, keytar), Chris Wolstenholme (bas gitarist, geri vokalist) ve Dominic Howard (baterist, perküsyon, synthesizer) olmak üzere üç kişiden oluşur. 2006 yılından beri turneler sırasında gruba Morgan Nicholls (klavye, perküsyon) da eşlik etmektedir.

İlk stüdyo albümü Showbizi 1999 yılında yayımlayan grup, 2001'de Origin of Symmetry, 2003'te Absolution, 2006'da Black Holes and Revelations, 2009'da The Resistance, 2012'de The 2nd Law, 2015'te Drones ve 2018'de Simulation Theory olmak üzere toplamda 8 stüdyo albümü yayımladı. Stüdyo albümlerine ek olarak grup; 2002'de Hullabaloo Soundtrack, 2005'te Absolution Tour, 2008'de HAARP ve 2013'te Live at Rome Olympic Stadium olmak üzere 4 konser albümü piyasaya sürdü. Dokuzuncu stüdyo albümleri Will of the People 26 Ağustos 2022'de yayımlandı.

Geçmişi

1994–1999ː Kuruluşu ve ilk yılları
Muse'un kurulması, grup elemanlarının Teignmouth Community School'da okurken dahil oldukları müzik gruplarıyla başladı. Grup üyelerinin üçü de aynı grupta toplanmadan önce okuldaki Fixed Penalty, Youngblood, Carnage Mayhem gibi çoğunlukla cover çalan gruplarda yer aldılar. Daha sonra Bellamy, Howard'ın Gothic Plague grubuna dahil oldu. Bas gitar ve geri vokaller için eleman arayan ikili o sırada başka grupta bateristlik yapan Wolstenholme'u gruba davet etti. Wolstenholme üç yıldır çaldığı bateriyi bırakarak gruba katıldı ve bas gitar öğrenmeye başladı.

Adlarını sonradan Rocket Baby Dolls'a değiştiren üçlü, 1994'te bir müzik grupları yarışmasına katıldı ve protesto adına konseri tüm ekipmanı kırarak sonlandırdı. Yarışmayı kazandıklarında şaşkınlığa uğrayan grup elemanları, işten ve üniversiteden vazgeçerek müziğe yoğunlaşmaya karar verdi. Daha ciddi bir isim arayışında, kısalığını ve görünüşünü beğendikleri Muse adını seçerek bugünkü hallerini aldılar.

Birkaç yıl boyunca hayran kitlesi oluşturmaya çalışan Muse, Londra ve Manchester'da ilk konserlerini verdi ve 1998'de ilk stüdyo kaydı olan Muse EP'''yi çıkardı. Aynı yıl çıkardıkları ikinci EP'leri Muscle Museum sayesinde popülerlik kazanarak Avrupa ve Avustralya'da turne yapmaya başladılar.

 1999–günümüz

Muse'un 2003'te çıkardığı Absolution albümü Birleşik Krallık müzik listelerine bir numaradan giriş yaptı ve sonrasında grup albümü desteklemek için yaklaşık bir yıl süren bir dünya turnesine çıktı. Bu süreçte verdikleri 2004 Glastonbury Festivali konseri, grup elemanları tarafından "hayatımızın en iyi konseri" olarak tanımlandı.

2006 yılında "Supermassive Black Hole" adlı şarkılarının Alacakaranlık filminde kullanılmasıyla Muse, yeni ve daha geniş bir hayran kitlesine ulaştı.

Muse, en büyük konserlerinden ikisi olan 2007 Wembley Stadyumu konserlerinde 180 bin kişilik bir kalabalığa konser verdi ve yenilenen Wembley Stadyumu'nda tüm biletleri satan ilk grup oldu. 16 ve 17 Temmuz'da gerçekleşen bu konserler HAARP adı altında DVD ve CD olarak yayımlandı.

Grup 13 Eylül 2009 tarihinde MTV Video Müzik Ödülleri'nde "Uprising" ile, MTV Avrupa Müzik Ödülleri'nde ise 2006'da "Starlight" ve 2012'de "Madness" şarkılarıyla sahne aldı. Türkiye'de, birincisi 7 Nisan 2002'de Maslak Venue'de, ikincisi 2 Eylül 2006'da Rock'n Coke Festivali'nde olmak üzere iki kez konser verdi.

Muse'un "Survival" adlı şarkısı 2012 Yaz Olimpiyatları resmi şarkısı olarak belirlendi ve grup tarafından Londra'da gerçekleşen olimpiyatların kapanış töreninde sahnelendi.

Muse enerjik ve taşkın canlı performanslarıyla bilinmektedir. Rolling Stone dergisi "Günümüzün En İyi Sahne Şovlarına Sahip 50 Grubu" listesinde, 29. sırada yer verdikleri Muse için "stadyum ihtişamını ve paranoyak fütürizmi sahneye taşıma konusunda Muse'dan ustası yok" yorumunu yaparak, "havada asılı halde çalıyormuş gibi görünmelerini sağlayan özgün set tasarımları, retina alazlayan lazer şovları"nı övmüştür.

Haziran 2015 itibarıyla Muse dünya çapında 17 milyondan fazla albüm satmış bulunmaktadır.

 Müzik tarzı
Muse Rock temelli şarkılar yapmaktadır. Pek çok şarkısında birden fazla türü karıştırmaktadır. Denedikleri türlere örnek olarak art rock, deneysel rock, prog rock, elektronik müzik, pop rock, klasik müzik, senfonik rock ve rock opera verilebilir.

Muse'un en büyük ilham kaynakları Rage Against the Machine, Nirvana, Queen, Jimi Hendrix, Jeff Buckley ve Deftones olmuştur.

Muse, ilk albümleri Showbiz′deki hareketli parçalarını yeterince hareketli bulmadıklarını ifade ettikten sonra, Origin of Symmetry ve Absolution′da özellikle daha agresif ve sert bir ses üzerine yoğunlaştı. Black Holes and Revelations ve The Resistance′ta ise bazı şarkılarında aynı tarzı korurken bazı şarkılarına deneyselliğe yönelerek space rock, elektronika ve senfonik rock gibi farklı tarzlar kattı. Grubun bu dönemdeki sesini etkileyen sanatçılara Franz Ferdinand, Michael Jackson, David Bowie, Depeche Mode, Prince ve Ennio Morricone örnek verilebilir. Grup altıncı albümleri The 2nd Law′da deneyselliği ağırlaştırarak denedikleri müzik tarzlarını artırdı. Ayrıca bu albümde ilk kez Wolstenholme ana vokal olarak kendi yazdığı iki şarkıyı söyledi. 2013'te Bellamy, The Resistance ve The 2nd Law′da "enstrümanlarından kısmen uzaklaştıklarını" söyleyerek bir sonraki albümleri Drones′da "gitarlar ve bateri odaklı daha ham bir sese dönüş yapacaklarını" ifade etti. Bununla örtüşen bir şekilde Muse bir sonraki albümleri Drones′da, müziklerindeki baskın tarzları harmanlamaya ve gitarlara öncelik verdi.

Solist Matt Bellamy şarkı söylerken sık sık falsetto, vibrato ve melizmatik bir söyleyiş tarzı kullanmaktadır. Bellamy bu konuda özgüven kazanmasında Jeff Buckley'in büyük bir etkisi olduğunu söyledi.

Bellamy'nin belirgin piyano içerikli parçalarında (örn. "Exogenesis Symphony", "Butterflies and Hurricanes", "United States of Eurasia", "Space Dementia", "Apocalypse Please") ise Sergey Rahmaninov, Frédéric Chopin, Pyotr Çaykovski, Franz Liszt, Camille Saint-Saëns ve Ludwig van Beethoven'dan etkilendiği görülmektedir.

Öne sürülen bir başka görüş, Muse'un sesinin Amerikan grunge gruplarıyla (örn. Nirvana, Pearl Jam, Soundgarden, Alice in Chains) ve Britanyalı alternatif rock gruplarının (örn. Radiohead, The Verve) bir karışımı olduğudur. Grubun ilk yıllarında yapılan Radiohead benzetmeleri hakkında, Bellamy 1999'da Kerrang! dergisinde "[Radiohead'den] değil ama [Radiohead'le] aynı şeylerden etkilendiğimiz yerler var" dedi.

Muse'un, ünlü rock grubu Queen'i anımsatan "United States of Eurasia" gibi şarkıları hakkında soru sorulan Queen gitaristi Brian May, şarkının bulunduğu albüm olan The Resistance′ı beğendiğini ifade ederek grup elemanlarını "olağanüstü müzisyenler" olarak tanımladı ve onların "çılgınlıklarını dışa vurmaktan çekinmeyişlerini" övdü.

 Grup üyeleri
 Matthew Bellamy – Ana vokal, elektrogitar, piyano, klavye, synthesizer, keytar (1994–günümüz)
 Christopher Wolstenholme – Bas gitar, arka vokal, klavye, harmonica (1994–günümüz)
 Dominic Howard – Bateri, perküsyon, synthesizer (1994–günümüz)

 Turne üyeleri
 Morgan Nicholls – Klavye, sampling, perküsyon, gitar, geri vokal (2004, 2006–günümüz)
 Dan "The Trumpet Man" Newell – Trompet (2006–2008)
 Alessandro Cortini – Klavye, synthesizer (2009, yedek)

 Diskografi

 Stüdyo albümleri
 Showbiz (28 Ekim 1999)
 Origin of Symmetry (17 Temmuz 2001)
 Absolution (22 Ekim 2003)
 Black Holes and Revelations (3 Temmuz 2006)
 The Resistance (14 Eylül 2009)
 The 2nd Law (1 Ekim 2012)
 Drones (5 Haziran 2015)
 Simulation Theory (9 Kasım 2018)
 Will of the People (26 Ağustos 2022)

 Konser albümleri
 HAARP (17 Mart 2008)
 Live at Rome Olympic Stadium (29 Kasım 2013)

 Derleme albümler
 Hullabaloo Soundtrack (2002) - UK #10
 Disc 1: B-yüz şarkıları derlemesi
 Disc 2: Konser, Le Zenith Paris, 28 ve 29 Ekim 2001
 Origin of Muse (2019)-Boxset

 Tekliler
 "Uno" (1999), UK #73
 "Cave" (1999), UK #52
 "Muscle Museum" (1999), UK #43
 "Muscle Museum" (U.S.) (2000)
 "Sunburn" (2000), UK #22
 "Unintended" (2000), UK #20
 "Muscle Museum" (2000 tekrar), UK #25
 "Plug in Baby" (2001), UK #11
 "New Born" (2001), UK #12
 "Bliss" (2001), UK #22
 "Hyper Music/Feeling Good" (2001), UK #24
 "Dead Star/In Your World" (2002), UK #13
 "Stockholm Syndrome" (2003)
 "Time Is Running Out" (2003), UK #8
 "Hysteria" (2003), UK #17
 "Sing For Absolution" (2004), UK #16
 "Apocalypse Please" (2004)
 "Butterflies and Hurricanes" (2004), UK #14
 "Time Is Running Out" (U.S.) (2004), US #9
 "Hysteria" (U.S.) (2005), US #9
 "Stockholm Syndrome" (U.S.) (2005), US #31
 "A Crying Shame" (2006)
 "Supermassive Black Hole" (2006) UK #4
 "Starlight" (2006) UK #13
 "Knights of Cydonia" (2006) UK #10
 "Invincible" (2007) UK #21
 "Map of the Problematique" (2007) UK #18
 "Uprising" (2009) UK #9
 "Undisclosed Desires" (2009) UK #49
 "Resistance" (2010) UK #38
 "Exogenesis: Symphony" (2010)
 "Neutron Star Collision (Love is Forever)" (2010) UK #11
 "Survival" (2012) UK #22
 "Madness" (2012) UK #25
 "Follow Me" (2012)
 "Supremacy" (2013) UK #58
 "Panic Station" (2013)
 "Psycho" (2015)
 "Dead Inside" (2015)
 "Mercy" (2015)
 "Revolt" (2015)
 "Reapers" (2016)
 "Dig Down" (2017)
 "Thought Contagion" (2018)
 "Something Human" (2018)
 "The Dark Side " (2018)
 "Pressure" (2018)
 "Algorithm" (2018)

 EP'ler
 Muse (1999)
 Muscle Museum (1999)
 Random 1-8 (sadece Japonya) (1999)

 DVD'ler
 Bliss (2001)
 Hullabaloo (2002)
 Disc 1: Konser, At Le Zenith, Paris
 Disc 2: Belgesel / Klipler, söyleşiler
 Time is Running Out (2003)
 Absolution (Sınırlı albüm DVD) (2003)
 Hysteria (2003)
 Sing for Absolution (2004)
 Butterflies and Hurricanes (2004)
 Absolution Tour (2005)
 HAARP (2008)
 The 2nd Law (2012)
 Live at Rome Olympic Stadium'' (2013)

Kazandıkları ödüller

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Muse'un Resmi İnternet Sitesi
 Musewiki (Museseverler tarafından oluşturulmuş İngilizce Muse vikisi)

1990'ların müzik grupları
2000'lerin müzik grupları
İngiliz alternatif rock grupları
Britanyalı progresif rock grupları
Grammy Ödülü sahipleri
BRIT Ödülü sahipleri
Kerrang! Ödülü sahipleri
Warner Bros. Records sanatçıları
Helium 3 sanatçıları
Mushroom Records sanatçıları
Müzikal üçlüler
1994'te kurulan müzik grupları

Muse


La Promoción de Honor es la segunda división de fútbol de Nueva Caledonia, siendo la división de ascenso a la Supeliga. Su organización está a cargo de la Federación de Fútbol de Nueva Caledonia y se encuentra subdividida en cuatro grupos regionales: Grande Terre —subdividida en grupo Norte y Sur—, Lifou, Maré y Ouvéa. Los ganadores de los grupos Lifou, Maré y Ouvéa quedan clasificados para el Campeonato de las Islas, el cual el ganador clasifica para el play-off de ascenso junto al ganador del Grande Terre Norte, Grande Terre Sur, y el relegado a descenso de primera división. Solo un equipo de los 40 que participan logra el ascenso a la primera división.

Participantes temporada 2022

Promoción de Honor - Grande Terre

Grupo Norte

 SC Ponérihouen
 RC Poindimié
 AS Watiwe
 AS Poum
 CO Main Noire
 GS Oundjo
 JS Kongouma
 AS Pwaola
 US Gélima
 AS Grand Nord

Grupo Sur

 ASC Gaïca
 CA Saint-Louis
 Thio Sports
 Mouli Sports
 US Yaté
 CO Hmeleck Nouméa
 Paita FC
 AJS Koindé
 ASC Boulouparis
 USC Nouméa
 Olympique Nouméa
 RC Ouitchambo
 SC IAAI Dumbéa

Promoción de Honor - Lifou

 Trio Sport Kejëny
 Bethel Sport
 Drehu AC
 AS Ponoz
 FC Lito Gaitcha
 AS Kirikitr
 OC Hmeleck
 SJB Hnathalo
 JS Xépénéhé

Promoción de Honor - Maré

 ES Wacaele
 Central Sport
 Horizon Patho 2
 AS Payoceko

Promoción de Honor - Ouvéa

 ASS Etoile de Banoutr
 Inter Bounaca
 Waguelilo Kapital
 AS Perruche

Referencias

Enlaces externos

2
Nueva Caledonia

Promoción de Honor de Nueva Caledonia


Philip III may refer to:

Philip III, Duke of Burgundy (1419–1467)
Philip III of France (1245–1285)
Philip III of Macedon (c. 359–317 BC)
Philip III of Navarre (1328–1342)
Philip III of Portugal (1605–1665)
Philip III of Spain (1578–1621)
Philip III of Taranto, Prince of Achaea (1364–1373)

See also
Prince William, Duke of Cambridge (born 1982), possible future regnal name
Felipe III (disambiguation)

de:Liste der Herrscher namens Philipp#Philipp III.
eo:Filipo (regantoj)#Filipo la 3-a

Philip III


مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار هو هيئة حكومية مصرية تابع لرئيس مجلس الوزراء ومقره في العاصمة المصرية القاهرة، تأسس المركز في عام 1985 علي يد الدكتور عاطف عبيد.

تاريخ
لمَّا كان مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار هو أحد مؤسسات الفكر في مصر، التي من مهامها الرئيسية دعم متخذ القرار في قضايا الإصلاح الاقتصادي والاجتماعي والسياسي، يسعى المركز – وفق أجندة عمل ديناميكية – إلى تناول القضايا ذات الأولوية لدفع مسيرة الإصلاح المؤثرة على مسار التنمية في الأجلين القصير والمتوسط. وذلك من خلال رصد الواقع وتحليل الوضع الراهن لبحث التغيرات التي ظهرت في شتى المجالات، وتحديد المشكلات الرئيسية وتحليلها، وصولاً إلى صياغة مقترحات فعّآلة لعلاج تلك القضايا.

ويتبنَّى المركز العديد من سياسات وآليات العمل للارتقاء بدرجة كفاءة وفاعلية جهوده البحثية المختلفة. حيث يحرص المركز على تحقيق التوافق مع الاحتياجات الفعلية لمجتمع المستفيدين، وذلك من خلال مراجعة برامج عمل الحكومة وتوجهاتها، ومشاركة المجتمع المدني في صياغة أجندة عمل المركز، ودراسة تجارب المراكز المثيلة، بالإضافة إلى التوافق مع المستجدات على الساحتين المحلية والدولية. كذلك يحرص المركز على تعظيم قيمة إصداراته من خلال تعزيز استخدام منهجيات كل من التحليل الكمى والكيفى، ومشاركة المستفيد النهائى، فضلاً عن التعاون مع المراكز البحثية الأخرى. كما يعمل المركز على التطوير المستمر لمنهجيات عمله سعياً نحو الارتقاء بمستوى جودة إصداراته شكلاً ومضموناً.

الأهداف الإستراتيجية
البوتقة الفكرية (Think Tank) لمجلس الوزراء المصري، في مجالات دعم القرار في قضايا التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والسياسية.
تنمية العلاقات مع الوزارات والهيئات الحكومية المختلفة، للعمل كفريق عمل واحد بدلاً من المنافسة.
إتاحة البيانات والمعلومات في إطار كامل من الشفافية، مع التركيز على الإتاحة الإلكترونية.
فتح قنوات للاتصال الجماهيرى لقياس اتجاهات المجتمع نحو القضايا القومية.

المنظومة التنكنولوجية

 مركز البيانات
 مركز الاتصالات
 مركز مجهز لاستطلاعات الرأي
 غرفة مجهزة لإدارة الأزمات ومتابعة الفضائيات ووكالات الأنباء
 مجموعة من النظم والمواقع الإلكترونية المطوّرة باستخدام أحدث التقنيات (الذاكرة المؤسسية، النظام المالي المُتكامل، نظام إدارة البيانات، تطبيق ايجابي، نظام الوطني لإدارة الازمات)
 الاستشارات المتخصصة والدعم الفني لمختلف الجهات

ملفات عمل المركز

 خدمة ورضا المواطن:المساهمة في تحقيق رضا المواطن من خلال تعظيم دور وفاعلية منظومة الشكاوى لتصبح المنبر الأول لتلقى مختلف شكاوى المواطنين وذلك عبر الارتقاء بمستوى الخدمات المقدمة وبناء جسور التعاون مع مختلف الجهات.
 المتابعة والتطوير: دعم متخذ القرار في تبني سياسات تصحيحية متكاملة ومتطورة في القضايا ذات الاولوية لضمان تحقيق التكامل بين مختلف مؤسسات الدولة وتفاديا لوجود تشابكات وفجوات فيما بينها.
 تطوير الجهاز الإداري وتعزيز العلاقات المؤسسية: رفع كفاءة الجهاز الإداري  بالدولة عبر إمداده بأحدث التقنيات والأساليب العلمية لدعم اتخاذ القرار على كافة المستويات بداية من رفع واقع سليم ومتكامل معتمدا على معلومات دقيقة وموثقة وصولا إلى توصيات وسيناريوهات مختلفة للحلول.
 التواصل الاجتماعي: خلق بيئة تفاعلية من خلال بناء وتعزيز قنوات للتواصل بين المواطن والحكومة يتم في اطارها تبادل الرسائل بشفافية ومصداقية لإيجاد رأى عام مشارك في عملية صنع القرار ورسم صورة واقعية لمستقبل مصر
 إدارة الازمات:الحفاظ على الأرواح وتقليل الخسائر المادية والبشرية الناجمة عن وقوع الازمات والكوارث وذلك عبر الارتقاء بالمنظومة الوطنية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحد من المخاطر على المستوى القومي.
 دعم التنمية: المساهمة في رفع واقع متكامل يتم في اطاره تحديد أولويات وفجوات التنمية القطاعية والمكانية والعمل على تقليصها من خلال تقديم الرؤي التنموية قصيرة ومتوسطة وطويلة الاجل وطرح سلسلة من التوصيات والبدائل والسيناريوهات التي تدعم متخذ القرار في مصر.
 الإنذار المبكر: بناء وتدعيم منظومة متكاملة تسمح بالتنبؤ بمختلف الأزمات السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية وذلك بهدف وضع الرؤى المستقبلية والسيناريوهات اللازمة لمواجهة مختلف الأزمات قبل وقوعها

مركز استطلاعات وبحوث الرأي العام
تم افتتاح مركز استطلاعات وبحوث الرأي العام بمركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار بمجلس الوزراء رسميًا في شهر يوليو عام 2003، كأول مركز مصري متخصص في قياسات الرأي العام، يعتمد – بصفة أساسية – على الهاتف كوسيلة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات اللازمة لاستطلاع آراء المواطنين حول مختلف القضايا السياسية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية والأحداث الجارية، ولقياس اتجاهاتهم نحو القرارات والسياسات والقوانين المختلفة.

ويعتمد المركز على أحدث الأساليب العلمية والأسس المنهجية في جميع مراحل التخطيط والتصميم وإجراءات المعاينة والتنفيذ والتحليل وعرض النتائج، وذلك لتحقيق متطلبات الجودة وضمانات الثقة والمصداقية. مع الالتزام بأخلاقيات الممارسة المهنية والأمانة العلمية والحفاظ على سرية البيانات الخاصة بالمبحوثين، وشروط التعاقد بين المركز والجهات الطالبة للاستطلاعات.

أهداف مركز استطلاعات وبحوث الرأي العام
 تفعيل الممارسة الديمقراطية والمشاركة الشعبية، وتحقيق التواصل والتفاعل بين المواطنين ومؤسسات الدولة وأجهزتها المختلفة.
 تحقيق قدر أكبر من التوافق بين توجهات المجتمع وسياسات وقرارات الحكومة على نحو يؤدي إلى سياسات عامة أكثر فاعلية.
 إتاحة معلومات واقعية يمكن الاعتماد عليها، والاسترشاد بها في عمليات اتخاذ القرار، ووضع السياسات، وتخطيط ومتابعة كفاءة الأداء.
 نشر ثقافة مجتمعية تدعم عمليات استطلاع الرأي، وتدرك أهميتها، وتحفز على حرية التعبيير عن الرأي والمشاركة الجماهيرية.

منظومة الشكاوي الحكومية الموحدة
صدر قرار السيد رئيس الجمهورية رقم 314 لعام 2017 بشأن «إنشاء منظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة» لاستقبال وتسجيل جميع شكاوى المواطنين وفحصها وتوجيهها للجهات المسئولة على مستوى الجمهورية.ويأتي ذلك انطلاقا من حرص الدولة المصرية على ضمان حصول المواطن المصرى على كافة حقوقه التي كفلها الدستور والقانون، وتمشيا مع رغبة الحكومة الأكيدة في الارتقاء بجودة الخدمات وتطوير سبل التواصل الفعال مع المواطنين، وتضمنت المادة الثانية من القرار أن تلتزم جميع الوزارات والمصالح والأجهزة الحكومية ووحدات الإدارة المحلية والهيئات العامة وغيرها من الجهات الحكومية والأشخاص الاعتبارية العامة باتخاذ جميع الإجراءات اللازمة لسرعة تحقيق الربط الكامل مع منظومة الشكاوي الحكومية الموحدة، مع اتخاذ جميع التدابير اللازمة لضمان سلامة تداول الشكاوي وسرية البيانات والمعلومات المتعلقة بها.

واستتبع قرار السيد رئيس الجمهورية صدور قرار السيد المهندس رئيس مجلس الوزراء رقم 1855 لسنة 2017 بشأن «منظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة وإعادة تنظيم مكاتب خدمة المواطنين»، والذي الزم جميع الجهات بربط إدارات ومكاتب خدمة المواطنين وجميع الوحدات الإدارية التي تتعامل مع شكاوى المواطنين في جميع الوزارات والمصالح الحكومية والأجهزة الحكومية ووحدات الإدارة المحلية، والهيئات العامة وغيرها من الجهات الحكومية والأشخاص الاعتبارية العامة إلكترونيا ببوابة الشكاوى الحكومية بمجلس الوزراء ويتم تطبيق النظام إلكترونيا وبشكل موحد على مستوى جميع هذه الجهات لتصبح منظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة على مستوى الجمهورية.

هذا وقد أصبحت منظومة الشكاوى الحكومية واجهة عصرية للحكومة تعبر عن رغبتها الأكيدة في تحقيق التواصل المباشر مع المواطن المصري بالوسائل المتاحة عبر تكنولوجيا المعلومات والاتصالات لتخفيف المعاناة وسعيا للارتقاء بمستوى الخدمات المقدمة له. والبوابة الإلكترونية لمنظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة تعد نظام إداري متكامل يستند إلى أفضل الممارسات والمواصفات العالمية للتعامل مع شكاوى المواطنين بفاعلية وكفاءة، والاستفادة منها في تحسين الأداء.

وتشتمل دورة عمل المنظومة استقبال الشكاوى ومراجعتها والتحقق منها قبل توجيهها للجهة المختصة وحتى تقييم الردود وإبلاغ المواطن بالرد النهائي ومن ثم إغلاق الشكوى.

وترتبط المنظومة إلكترونيا بالوزارات والمحافظات والأجهزة والهيئات الحكومية الرئيسية وصولا إلى الجهات التابعة لها (المديريات - الإدارات - المراكز – المدن – الأحياء).

قنوات تسجيل الشكوى

 البوابة الإلكترونية لمنظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة
 مركز تلقى الشكاوى تليفونيا على رقم 16528
 تطبيق إيجابي على الهواتف المحمولة
 مكاتب خدمة المواطنين بالجهات الحكومية وفروعها

إدارة الأزمات

•	صدرت توجيهات رئيس مجلس الوزراء في أبريل 2006 بتشكيل لجنة قومية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث بالتعاون مع مركز إدارة الأزمات للقوات المسلحة.
• صدر قرار رئيس مجلس الوزراء رقم 1537 لسنة 2009 بتشكيل اللجنة القومية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث، وتم تطوير القرار عام 2016 بصدور القرار رقم 3185 لسنة 2016.
• يهدف القرار إلى بناء وتطوير منظومة وطنية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحدّ من المخاطر، ودعم التعاون والتنسيق بين كافة الوزارات والمحافظات والهيئات المعنية.
• يمثل قطاع إدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحد من المخاطر بمركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار الأمانة الفنية للجنة القومية، كما يمثل نقطة الاتصال الوطنية للحد من مخاطر الكوارث.

تهدف اللجنة القومية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحدّ من المخاطر بمجلس الوزراء إلى:

• بناء وتطوير منظومة وطنية لإدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحدّ من المخاطر.
• الإدماج الفعَّال للحدّ من مخاطر الكوارث في سياسات التنمية المستدامة.
• دعم التعاون والتنسيق بين كافة الوزارات والمحافظات والهيئات المعنية.
• تنمية ورفع الوعي المجتمعي وبناء ثقافة سليمة للتعامل مع الأزمات والكوارث.

كما تختص اللجنة بما يلي:

•إعداد السياسات وأطر العمل الوطنية المعنية بإدارة الأزمات والكوارث.
•إعداد ومراجعة الخطط اللازمة لدعم قدرة الوزارات والمحافظات للاستعداد والاستجابة للأزمات والكوارث المختلفة.
•إعداد الإطار العام للخطة القومية للتدريب.
•تنمية العلاقات مع الهيئات والمنظمات الدولية والإقليمية المعنية بإدارة الأزمات والكوارث والحد من المخاطر.

المشروعات القومية التي شارك فيها المركز

مجال دعم القرار بالقضايا الإستراتيجية
 مركز العقد الاجتماعي
 مشروع متابعة وتقييم البرنامج السكانى المصري 2007 - 2012
 المسح البعدى للتعداد العام للسكان والمباني والمنشآت لعام 2006
 مركز الوثائق الاستراتيجية
 المرصد المصري للتعليم والتدريب والتوظيف
 مركز الدراسات المستقبلية
 قاعدة بيانات ومؤشرات الألفية EgyInfo
 مرصد الإصلاح العربي
 مركز إلكترونى لاستطلاع الرأى العام المجتمعي
 التوظيف والعمالة
 متابعة أداء الاقتصاد المصري والإنذار المبكر في حالة الأزمات
 التجارة الخارجية
 إدارة الموارد الطبيعية
 الديون الخارجية
 الموازنة العامة للدولة
 الصناعة المصرية
 التخطيط العمراني

محور البنية التكنولوجية
 الخريطة المعلوماتية
 استخدام التكنولوجيا المتطورة لخدمة الأطفال من ذوى الاحتياجات الخاصة
 مشروع الرقم القومى للمواطن
 إدخال شبكة المعلومات الدولية «الإنترنت» للاستخدام في مصر
 مشروع الخريطة الصناعية
 القاعدة القومية للدراسات
 مشروعات الثقافة والتراث
 مجتمع الكروت الذكية
 نوادى طفل القرن الحادي والعشرين
 قوافل الإنترنت
 مشروع تنمية المعلومات بالوزارات
 قاعدة بيانات الثروة العقارية
 مشروع الرقم القومى للمنشآت الاقتصادية
 الشبكة المصرية للخدمات الحكومية
 تنمية وتطوير المكتبات المصرية
 قاعدة بيانات الأسرة المصرية حتى مستوى القرية
 قاعدة بيانات الضمان الاجتماعى
 القاعدة القومية للتشريعات المصرية
 قاعدة بيانات مؤشرات التنمية في مصر

محور الإتاحة المعلوماتية

 بوابة معلومات مصر
 وصف مصر بالمعلومات
 بوابة المشروعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة
 مشروع التنمية المحلية على مستوى المحافظات

مجال تنمية الموارد البشرية

 تنمية بيئة الأعمال والتجارة الإليكترونية
 التعليم عن بعد
 تأهيل وتدريب مدرسى الحاسب الآلى
 التدريب المتخصص على تكنولوجيا المعلومات
 كتاتيب الحاسب الآلى

محور تنمية البيئة الإدارية

 إدارة الأصول الحكومية
 مركز للشراء بالأمر المباشر
 موازنة الأداء
 التوجه للمخزون الصفرى

جوائز المركز

جائزة أفضل بحث لمركز معلومات مجلس الوزراء (12/01/2006)
حصول مركز معلومات مجلس الوزراء على جائزة أفضل بحث والمقدم تحت عنوان «استهداف الفقراء في مصر – باستخدام منهجية منحنيات خصائص التشغيل»، وهو البحث المقدم لمنتدى البحوث الاقتصادية والذي تم عقده في الكويت.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: منتدى البحوث الاقتصادية

المركز الثاني... في مجال الاحتواء المعلوماتى (08/01/2005)
حصول بوابة معلومات مصر على جائزة المركز الثاني في مجال الاحتواء المعلوماتى لعام 2005 في إطار المسابقة القومية للمحتوى الإلكترونى

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: هيئة تنمية صناعة تكنولوجيا المعلومات

مسابقة تواجد الجهات الحكومية على شبكة الإنترنت (07/01/2005)
اختيار موقع بوابة معلومات مصر كأفضل بوابة معلومات لعام 2005، وذلك في إطار المسابقة التي نظمتها وزارة الدولة للتنمية الإدارية لتشجيع تقديم الخدمات على شبكة المعلومات الدولية (الإنترنت).

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: وزارة الدولة للتنمية الإدارية

شهادة الايزو 9001-2000 (12/11/2003)
انطلاقاً من الرؤية الاستراتيجية بأن يكون مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار بمجلس الوزراء المركز المتميز محلياً أو إقليمياُ وعالمياُ في مجال إتاحة المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار في قضايا التنمية الشاملة في إطار من الاستقلالية المالية. حرصت رئاسة المركز على مسايرة كافة التطورات والأساليب المعمول بها دولياً للتوافق مع مطالب الجودة العالمية في جميع المهام التي يقوم بها المركز بتنفيذها. ومن هذا المنطلق تم تأهيل قطاعات المركز المختلفة لتنفيذ مطالب الجودة للحصول على شهادة الايزو 9001-2000 والتي قامت مؤسسة (American Systems Registrar - ASR) بمنحها للمركز في الحادي عشر من ديسمبر عام 2003

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: American Systems Registrar - ASR

جائزة محمد بن راشد أل مكتوم للإدارة العربية لعام 2002 (23/03/2003)
فاز مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار بجائزة محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم للإدارة العربية وذلك باعتباره أفضل مؤسسة حكومية عربية على مستوى الوطن العربي لعام 2002. جاء اختيار المركز من دون باقى المؤسسات والجهات الحكومية العربية ليحصل على هذه الجائزة نظراً لانطباق كافة معايير التميز الإدارى عليه بما جعله في مقدمة المؤسسات والأجهزة الحكومية العربية في هذا المجال ومن أبرز هذه المعايير أمور القيادة والتخطيط الاستراتيجى التي تركز على مدى التزام المؤسسة بإعداد وتطبيق الخطط الاستراتيجية المتكاملة لمختلف العمليات، وكذلك المبادرات الإبداعية والتي تركز على مدى تنوع المبادرات والإنجازات الإبداعية التي تقوم بها المؤسسة.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: المنظمة العربية للتنمية الإدارية تحت رعاية سمو الشيخ محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم ولى عهد دبي ووزير الدفاع بدولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة

جائزة بنجامين لعام 1999 (19/06/1999)
إن جائزة ستوكهولم للتحدى هي مبادرة تمنح بالمشاركة مع البعثة الأوربية تتيح الفرصة للجهات الرائدة العاملة في مجال تكنولوجيا المعلومات لتقديم المشروعات المتميزة سواء كانت مشروعات تابعة للقطاع الخاص أو العام أو جهات أكاديمية أو منظمات لا تعمل بغرض الربح وقد نال مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار هذه الجائزة لدوره في تطوير مشروع طريق المعلومات السريع في مصر.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: مدينة ستوكهولم بالمشاركة مع البعثة الأوربية

الجائزة الأولى من جمعية نظم المعلومات الحضرية والإقليمية URISA لعام 1997 (19/07/1997)
تمنح جمعية نظم المعلومات الحضرية والإقليمية ((URISA الجائزة للنظم الحكومية المثالية وقد نال مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار هذه الجائزة لدوره في تحسين الجودة وأسلوب تقديم الخدمات الحكومية من خلال تطبيق تكنولوجيا المعلومات.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: المنظمة الدولية للتخطيط العمرانية

جائزة مشروع G7 العالمية للابتكارات لعام 1997 (19/05/1997)
جائزة شرفية منحت لطريق مصر السريع للمعلومات وشبكة معلومات الصحة.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: مشروع المخزون العالمي G7

المنظمة العالمية لتخطيط العمران (19/06/1996)
منحت الجائزة لأفضل نظام في قطاع الحكومة يعمل في مجال التنمية الإقليمية

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: المنظمة الدولية لتخطيط العمران

الميدالية الذهبية لعام 1996 في المعرض الدولي (19/02/1996)
حاز طريق مصر السريع للمعلومات على الميدالية الذهبية في «معرض الإنترنت الدولي لعام 1996» وتمنح الميدالية الذهبية بناء على أصوات زوار المعرض.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: معرض الإنترنت الدولي لعام 1996

العظماء ال 100 (عالم الكمبيوتر) عام 1994 (19/09/1994)
وقع الاختيار على المركز بالإجماع في استفتاء مجلة عالم الكمبيوتر لعام 1994 كواحد من بين أفضل 100 منظمة في العالم تعمل على استخدام نظم المعلومات في مجال التنمية.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: مجلة عالم الكمبيوتر

الجائزة الأولى لمؤسسة Franz Edelman للإدارة عام 1989 (19/03/1989)
منحت الجائزة للإنجازات في مجال بحوث العمليات وعلوم الإدارة

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: معهد بحوث العمليات وعلوم الإدارة

الجائزة الثالثة للجنة الدولية ل IFORS عام 1987 (19/08/1987)
إن IFORS هي منظمة دولية تضم الجمعيات التي تهدف إلى تطوير بحوث العمليات حتى تصبح علما موحدا تستفيد به كافة دول العالم.

المؤسسة المانحة للجائزة: الاتحاد الدولي لجمعيات بحوث العمليات

جائزة أفضل مبادرة أو تطبيق لإدارة المعرفة في مؤسسة حكومية  خلال مؤتمر إدارة المعرفة KMUK2011 بلندن
- حصل مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار بمجلس الوزراء على جائزة «أفضل مبادرة أو تطبيق لإدارة المعرفة في مؤسسة حكومية» من مؤتمر إدارة المعرفة KMUK 2011 بلندن للعام 2011، وذلك عن جهوده في إنشاء أول إدارة حكومية من نوعها تختص بإدارة المعرفة في مصر، ودوره في تبادل الخبرات على المستوى الدولي، فضلا عن الجهود المتواصلة في وضع إستراتيجيات لإدارة المعرفة مجتمعيا ومؤسسيا.

مواقع المركز على شبكة الإنترنت

 بوابة معلومات مصر
 موقع مركز العقد الاجتماعى
 مشروع قضايا وسياسات السكان والتنمية
 المرصد المصرى للتعليم والتدريب والتوظيف
 بوابة المشروعات الصغيرة والمتوسطة
 بنك المسوح الميدانية بنك المسوح الميدانية
 قاعدة بيانات ومؤشرات الألفية الخاصة بجمهورية مصر العربية EgyInfo "
 شبكة المكتبات المصرية (الفهرس الموحد)
 دليل المواقع المصرية على الإنترنت
 موقع الشراء بالأمر المباشر
 المؤتمر الدولى عن دور مراكز الفكر في الدول النامية: التحديات والحلول
 مؤتمر المعلومات حق لكل مواطن
 المنتجات الإلكترونية للمركز
 بوابة الثقافة والتراث المصري
  البوابة الإلكترونية لمنظومة الشكاوى الحكومية الموحدة

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 1985 في مصر
مراكز حكومية مصرية
مؤسسات حكومية مصرية

مركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار (مصر)


The Conservative Party of British Columbia is a provincial political party in British Columbia, Canada. In the early half of the 20th century, the Conservatives competed with the British Columbia Liberal Party for power in the province. Since the 1950s however, the party has had only a minor presence. The current party leader is Nechako Lakes MLA John Rustad, who was originally elected as a BC Liberal.

Three Conservative leaders have served as premier of British Columbia: Richard McBride, William John Bowser, and Simon Fraser Tolmie. Two Conservatives have served as deputy premier, both during a coalition government in the 1940s: Royal Maitland and Herbert Anscomb.

Early history

Founding and early years
The Conservative Party of British Columbia, known colloquially as the Tories, was formed in 1900 as the Liberal-Conservative Party. The party selected Charles Wilson as its first provincial leader. Several opposition factions contested the 1900 general election against the non-partisan government, but these were generally loose groups. In 1902, the Conservative Party convention passed a resolution to stand candidates in the next election.

Party government was introduced on June 1, 1903, by Premier Richard McBride, when he announced the formation of an officially Conservative government. McBride believed that the system of non-partisan government that the province had until that point was unstable and inhibiting development. His Conservatives won the 1903 election, the first fought on the party system, earning a two-seat majority in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly over their rivals, the Liberal Party, as well as various Socialist and Labour MLAs. The Conservatives generally implemented policies mirroring the priorities of the national Conservative Party, which at the time favoured government intervention to help develop industry and infrastructure.

The Conservatives under McBride and his successor, William John Bowser, held power for thirteen years until they were defeated by the Liberals in the 1916 election. In November 1926 the Liberal-Conservative Party formally changed its name to the Conservative Party.

Tolmie government and crisis
The Tories returned to power in the 1928 election under the leadership of Simon Fraser Tolmie, winning 35 of 48 seats in the Legislature. The Tolmie government was unable to deal with the Great Depression, and was wracked by infighting and indecision. The party was in such disarray that, despite being in power, the Conservative provincial association decided not to run any candidates in the 1933 election. Instead each local association was left to act on its own, endorsing some candidates who ran as Independents, some as Independent Conservatives, and so on. Those supporting Premier Tolmie ran under the 'Unionist' label, while others grouped around former premier William John Bowser and ran as part of the 'Non-Partisan Independent Group'. When Bowser died and the elections in Vancouver Centre and Victoria City were postponed, four Non-partisan and two Unionist candidates withdrew.

The Conservative Party rebounded under Frank Porter Patterson to run a near-full slate in the election of 1937, however they were only able to elect 8 MLAS, just one more than the growing Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) caucus. In the election of 1941, the Conservatives were able to win 12 seats, compared to 21 for the Liberals and 14 for the CCF. Members of the province's business community, who feared the growing strength of the democratic socialist CCF, urged the Liberals and Conservatives to form a wartime coalition government to ensure stability. Then-Conservative leader Royal Maitland agreed, while then-Liberal Premier T.D. Pattullo was opposed; however, Pattullo was forced to resign by his own party in late 1941. John Hart replaced him as Liberal leader and premier on the promise to form a coalition, and did so, making Maitland Deputy Premier and Attorney General shortly thereafter.

Coalition years
In 1942, the BC Conservatives were rebranded as the "BC Progressive Conservative Party", following the federal party's lead. Maitland and Hart served throughout the remainder of World War II and continued their partnership past, running a joint ticket in the 1945 election, winning a massive majority government together of 37 out of 48 seats. However, Maitland died suddenly in 1946 and was replaced by Herbert Anscomb, who became Deputy Premier and Finance Minister in the coalition government. When Premier Hart retired in 1947, the Conservatives pushed for Anscomb to succeed him as Premier, but the Liberals, who had more members in the coalition caucus, insisted that the role remain with a Liberal. Byron Johnson was appointed Premier a short time later, but the conflict strained relations between the two parties and leaders going forward, and caused internal divisions to open up within the Tories.

The PCs were riven into three factions: one led by Okanagan MLA W.A.C. Bennett, who called for Liberals and Tories to fuse into a single party, a second faction that supported the status-quo, and a third that wanted Anscomb to simply lead the PCs out of the coalition. Meanwhile, the Liberals were beginning to doubt that they needed the fractious Tories to govern. The coalition was re-elected in the 1949 election, winning 39 seats against nine for the CCF opposition, but despite this, growing divisions within the Conservative Party resulted in Anscomb's leadership being challenged at the 1950 party convention. W.A.C. Bennett, who had moved over to the anti-coalition faction, quit the party and crossed the floor to sit as a Social Credit League of British Columbia member, and eventually formed the British Columbia Social Credit Party.

In January 1952, the Liberals decided to dissolve the coalition, with Johnson summarily dismissing his PC ministers, including Anscomb, and continued forward as a minority government. The Conservatives properly refounded their party and went into the 1952 election with the goal of unseating Premier Johnson.

Decline
Prior to the 1952 election, the coalition government, whose entire reason for being had been to keep the CCF out of power, introduced an instant-runoff voting system. The idea behind the change was an assumption that the business-oriented majority of BC voters would keep the democratic socialist party out of power through their secondary choices, regardless of the newly formed split between former coalition partner.

However, none of the three parties expected the result of the election. The Social Credit League, led by Albertan Ernest George Hansell, won the most seats, while the two former coalition partners fell far behind. The PCs won only 4 seats total, not including Anscomb's Oak Bay constituency. Two months later, former Tory W.A.C. Bennett would take control of the SoCreds, dropping the party's social credit monetary reform policy in favour of traditional and populist conservative platforms.

It was clear to those who wanted to keep the CCF out of power that only the SoCreds would be able to accomplish that task, and so business-oriented voters left the old parties behind. Having a majority government following 1953, the Social Credit government changed the electoral system back to first past the post in order to cement its base. Social Credit became, in effect, the new centre-right coalition party, and both the Liberals and the Tories became marginalized.

Wilderness years
Between the 1956 and 1972 elections, the Tories won no seats to the Legislature, and slowly the party began to dwindle downward. Deane Finlayson served as leader from 1952 until 1961, eventually handing the reigns to federal Member of Parliament Davie Fulton. Fulton led the party to a brief surge of relevance in the 1963 election, winning 11% support, but no seats, with even Fulton falling far behind his SoCred opponent in the Kamloops constituency. Fulton left soon after, returning to federal politics while the BC Tories collapsed into ruin.

The Party ran only 3 candidates in 1966, and just one, then-party leader John de Wolf in 1969. It was not until 1971, following de Wolf's ouster as leader by Derrill Thomas Warren, that some hope returned.

In 1971, former SoCred MLA Scott Wallace, who represented Oak Bay, crossed the floor to join the PCs, becoming its first MLA in 15 years. The attention translated into nearly 13% of the vote in the 1972 election and two seats – Wallace's and Hugh Curtis in Saanich and the Islands, both in the Victoria area. Warren was unable to win his own seat. The election was won by the CCF's successor party, the New Democrats (or NDP), who took advantage of the split between the SoCreds, Tories, and resurgent Liberals to form a majority government.

This glimpse at relevance did not last long, however. Wallace was elected leader of the party in 1973, but in the same year his caucus mate Curtis left to join the Social Credit caucus, answering a call by new leader Bill Bennett to reunite the 'pro-business' vote. Wallace was able to win his own seat in the 1975 election, but resigned in 1977 and returned to his medical practice shortly after.

During this time, with most of their voters in BC supporting Social Credit, the federal Progressive Conservative Party kept its distance in order to avoid alienating Social Credit Party supporters. When the federal and provincial election campaigns overlapped in 1979, federal leader Joe Clark made obvious efforts to avoid any contact with Vic Stephens, leader of the provincial PCs.

Wallace's successor in Oak Bay and the party leadership was the last Tory MLA to be elected. Vic Stephens won the seat in a 1978 by-election, but lost in the following year's general election campaign.

The Tories returned to the wilderness in the following years, despite the amazing growth of the federal party during the 1980s. For a brief stint in 1986, former NDP MLA Graham Lea crossed the floor to sit as a PC MLA, but quit politics altogether following the dissolution of the Legislature for the 1986 election.

In 1991, the party changed its name back to the "BC Conservative Party", but was unable to gain traction during the collapse of the SoCred government in the 1991 election and the subsequent re-alignment of BC politics. The party ran only a handful of candidates between 1991 and 2005, as the pro-business voters of the province moved en masse to the BC Liberals.

Recent history

Revival efforts

In 2005, former BC Reform Party and Christian Heritage Party leader Wilf Hanni was elected leader of the Conservatives. The party was able to field 24 candidates for the 2009 election, its highest number since 1979, and earned 2.1% of the vote province-wide. The re-emergence of the party, despite not coming close to winning any seats, sparked renewed interest in the Conservatives, who began to poll between 5–10% in polls.

New leadership and the 2013 election

At its annual general meeting on September 26, 2009, the party elected a new executive and re-elected Wayne McGrath as president. In 2010, the party formed an advisory committee that included, chairman Randy White, Brian Peckford, Rita Johnston, Jim Hart and John Cummins.

At the end of 2010, the party had the support of 8% of votes according to opinion polls, had approximately 2,000 members, up from 300 in June of that year, and had constituency associations established in 45 of the province's 85 ridings.

Several months after the election of Christy Clark as leader of the Liberal Party, and her subsequent swearing in as Premier, the Conservatives' support rose again at the expense of the Liberals. According to Kevin Falcon, runner-up in the Liberal leadership convention, "a number of my supporters that may have done that and I'm not entirely surprised."

The party held a leadership convention on May 28, 2011, and former Conservative Party of Canada Member of Parliament John Cummins was acclaimed leader. After dropping into single digits after Liberal premier Gordon Campbell's resignation in March 2011, the Conservatives consistently polled above 10 per cent in the last half of 2011, reaching as high as 23 per cent.

On March 26, 2012, Abbotsford South MLA John van Dongen announced that he was leaving the BC Liberals to join the BC Conservatives, providing the party with its first representative in the Legislative Assembly since 1986. In September 2012, John van Dongen switched to independent status after the re-election of John Cummins as leader of the BC Conservative Party.

In the run-up to the 2013 election, Cummins had repeatedly stated his hope to run a full slate of candidates, but the party was only able to field 56 candidates out of a total possible 85. Nevertheless, with high polling and the capability to form a major caucus within the Legislature if elected, Cummins was invited to join the leaders of the Liberals, NDP, and Greens on-stage for the provincial debates.

Despite high hopes, the Conservatives received only 4.76% of the vote and were unable to elect a MLA during the election. The party's strongest result was in Peace River South, where their candidate Kurt Peats came in second place with 27.2% of the vote; all other candidates came in third place or worse. Cummins, previously a federal MP in the area for nearly two decades, was only able to earn 11.9% support in the Langley constituency.

2013–2022

On July 18, 2013, John Cummins resigned from the position of party leader. Dan Brooks was elected the new leader of the party on April 12, 2014, then resigned at the party's Annual General Meeting on February 20, 2016. Brooks was re-elected as leader at a leadership convention held on September 17, 2016. However, on October 28, 2016, the party's executive board removed him from the leadership after ruling that the meeting that approved his candidacy for the leadership convention lacked quorum.

The party was not able to select a new leader before the start of the 2017 election campaign. After nominating 56 candidates in 2013 and earning almost five per cent of the vote, the Conservatives entered the campaign for the 2017 provincial election without a leader. It nominated ten candidates, none of whom was elected. Even without a leader, the party still managed an average of more than a thousand votes per riding contested, with no candidate receiving less than two per cent of the vote. Leah Catherine McCulloch received the highest vote share of all the Conservative candidates, at 7.55 per cent in the riding of Courtenay-Comox.

In September 2017, following the party's AGM, Scott Anderson, a Vernon city councillor, was appointed interim leader by a unanimous vote of the newly elected board. Anderson oversaw the reformation of several defunct riding associations and an increase in membership, and took the party through the Kelowna West and Nanaimo by-elections.

Fort St. John city councillor Trevor Bolin became the party's permanent leader on April 8, 2019.

The party changed its name to the "Conservative Party of British Columbia" prior to the 2020 general election.

Rustad leadership

During the BC Liberal leadership race in 2022, conservative commentator Aaron Gunn entered the race, hoping to represent the party's right-wing. However, the BC Liberal Party disqualified Gunn, describing his views as "inconsistent" with the party's values.

Following his disqualification, Gunn founded Common Sense BC, an advocacy group that would study the viability of a right-wing alternative to the BC Liberals. Gunn's group endorsed a slate of candidates who stood for election to the Conservative board at the party's May 2022 AGM, launching a takeover of the party. The endorsed candidates were elected, and young right-wing advocates took control of the party.

In August 2022, the party revealed a new logo, alongside a new website and platform.

On February 16, 2023, John Rustad, MLA for Nechako Lakes, joined the Conservative Party, giving the party representation in the Legislature. Rustad was elected as a Liberal but was removed from party caucus in August 2022, after making comments that climate change is not caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Rustad cited "irreconcilable differences" with Liberal leader Kevin Falcon in explaining his party change.

Bolin announced on March 3, 2023, that he was stepping down as party leader, and a party leadership race would be held in the near future. A few weeks later, Rustad announced that he was running to be the party's leader. On March 31, 2023, Rustad was acclaimed as the new leader as the only candidate in the race.

In the 2023 Vancouver-Mount Pleasant and Langford-Juan de Fuca by-elections, the Conservative candidates placed fourth and second, with 4.88% and 19.86% of the vote, respectively. In Langford-Juan de Fuca, the Conservatives unexpectedly overtook the centre-right BC United (formerly the BC Liberal Party), which typically took second place in the riding.

On September 13, 2023, BC United MLA Bruce Banman crossed the floor to join the Conservatives. This gave the Conservatives the two MLAs necessary for official party status, and Banman became the party's house leader. The Legislative Assembly Management Committee will determine whether the Conservative caucus is eligible for funding and resources equivalent to those of the Green caucus, who also have two MLAs.

Ideology and political positions
In a March 2017 interview, the party's communications director John Twigg compared his party's populist and anti-establishment rhetoric with that of the Brexit movement and supporters of Donald Trump's presidency:

At a meet-and-greet held in Vernon on July 7, 2023, party leader John Rustad described his party as a "centre-right alternative" to BC United, the BC NDP, and the BC Greens, all of whom Rustad regarded as centre-left parties.

Economic issues
The party advocates the growth of British Columbia's fossil fuel and lumber industries. In particular, it opposes the provincial carbon tax and proposes that environmental activists and their supporters be arrested for "illegal activities".

Social issues
The party opposes vaccine mandates and vaccine passports, identity politics and "gender ideology", and safe injection sites for drug abusers. Regarding the latter, the party proposes that drug abusers be involuntarily committed to drug rehabilitation centers.

Leaders
 Charles Wilson, March 1900 – 1903
 Richard McBride, 1903 – December 1915
 William John Bowser, December 1915 – August 1924
 Robert Henry Pooley, August 1924 – November 1926 (interim)
 Simon Fraser Tolmie, November 1926 – May 1936
 Frank Porter Patterson, May – July 1936 (interim), July 1936 – February 10, 1938
 Royal Lethington Maitland, September 1938 – March 28, 1946
 Herbert Anscomb, April 1946 – November 1952
 Deane Finlayson, November 1952 – April 1961
 vacant, April 1961 – January 1963
 Davie Fulton, January 1963 – April 1965
 vacant, April 1965 – June 1969
 John Anthony St. Etienne de Wolf, June 1969 – November 1971
 Derril Thomas Warren, November 1971 – December 1973
 George Scott Wallace, December 1973 – October 1977
 Victor Albert Stephens, October 1977 – November 1980
 Brian Westwood, November 1980 – March 1985
 Peter Pollen, March 1985 – August 1986
 vacant, August 1986 – July 1991
 Peter B. Macdonald, July 1991 – March 1997
 David Maurice Mercier, March 1997 – January 2001
 Susan Power, January 2001 – 2003
 Kenneth Edgar King, 2003–2004
 Barry Edward Chilton, 2004 – September 2005
 Wilf Hanni, September 2005 – June 2009
 vacant, June 2009 – May 2011
 John Cummins, May 2011 – July 18, 2013
 vacant, July 18, 2013 – April 12, 2014
 Dan Brooks, April 12, 2014 – February 20, 2016
 vacant, February 20, 2016 – September 17, 2016
 Dan Brooks, September 17, 2016 – October 28, 2016
 vacant, October 28, 2016 – October 4, 2017
 Scott Anderson, October 4, 2017 – April 8, 2019 (interim)
 Trevor Bolin, April 8, 2019 – March 3, 2023; March 3, 2023 – March 31, 2023 (interim)
 John Rustad, March 31, 2023 – present

Election results

Notes

See also

 List of British Columbia political parties
 List of British Columbia premiers
 List of British Columbia general elections

References

 B.C. Conservative Leader John Cummins resigns

External links

Conservative Party
Campbell River, British Columbia
Conservative parties in Canada
Political parties established in 1903
Conservative Party

Conservative Party of British Columbia


Isla Anak Bukom (en malayo: Pulau Anak Bukom; en chino: 安娜毛广岛; en tamil: குட்டி புக்கும் தீவு) es un pequeño islote de 0,2 hectáreas situado en el suroeste del país asiático de Singapur, entre Pulau Bukom y Pulau Bukom Kechil. Anak Bukom significa "hijo de Bukom" en malayo, una referencia a su pequeño tamaño y la ubicación justo al lado de Pulau Bukom.

Véase también
 Geografía de Singapur
 Geografía de Asia

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Mapa de localización

Archipiélagos e islas de Singapur

Isla Anak Bukom


فيبولزوفو  هي مدينة في مقاطعة تفير أوبلاست في روسيا.

مراجع

مدن مقاطعة تفير

فيبولزوفو (تفير)


Los Flokksmenn fue un grupo rebelde que surgió en el  en la villa oriental de Hattarvík (isla de Fugloy), que se levantó contra la dominación danesa. Controlaban y devastaron la zona norte de las islas durante mucho tiempo. Su historia se considera uno de los relatos más importantes en referencia a los intentos de secesión de la población feroesa y una de las más importantes del folclore de las Islas Feroe.

Entre los más notables caudillos, según los representantes daneses en el gobierno de Thorshavn, estaban: Høgni Nev, Rógvi Skel, Hálvdan Úlvsson, todos ellos de Hattarvík, y Sjúrður við Kellingará de Kirkja.

Sjúrður við Kellingará era considerado el más inteligente, pero se vio forzado a unirse a la facción más militante de la rebelión encabezada por Høgni Nev y Hálvdan Ulvsson, quienes ostentaban una actitud más abiertamente criminal que Sjúrður. Todos ellos fueron capturados y sentenciados a muerte. no obstante, a Sjúrður við Kellingará le fue concedido el perdón y una amnistía, pero manifestó que no podría seguir viviendo con los crímenes que los otros habían cometido durante su pequeña rebelión y solicitó ser ejecutado junto a todos los flokksmenn.

Bibliografía
Hammershaimb Venceslaus Ulricus y Jakobsen, Jakob (1886): Færøsk Anthologi (København, S.L. Møllers bogtrykkeri) ISBN 978-1142156107

Feroeses
Historia de las Islas Feroe

Flokksmenn


Everistas Raišuotis (* 4. April 1951 in Buginiai, Rajon Kretinga; † 1996 in Švenčionys) war ein litauischer Choreograf und Politiker.

Leben
Everistas Raišuotis absolvierte das Studium an der  Musikfakultät Klaipėda am Šiaulių pedagoginis institutas. Von 1973 bis 1985 arbeitete in Kultur- und Bildungseinrichtungen der Rajongemeinde Švenčionys. Von 1985 bis 1992 war er Direktor der Kinderkunstschule Švenčionėliai. Danach, von 1992 bis 1996 war er Mitglied des Seimas, und Mitglied des Ausschusses für Menschenrechte.

Quelle
CV

Mitglied des Ausschusses für Menschenrechte (Litauen)
Person (Rajongemeinde Kretinga)
Person (Švenčionėliai)
LDDP-Mitglied
Litauer
Mann
Geboren 1951
Gestorben 1996

Everistas Raišuotis


Yuriy Borisoviç Norşteyn (Rusça: Юрий Борисович Норштейн; d. 15 Eylül 1941, Andreyevka), Rus canlandırma sanatçısı. Hedgehog in the Fog ve Masalların Masalı adlı animasyon filmleriyle tanınmıştır.

Yapıtları
 Masalların Masalı (çizgifilm), (Rusça: Сказка сказок)
 Sisteki Kirpi, (Rusça: Ёжик в тумане)

1941 doğumlular
Yahudi asıllı Ruslar
Annie Ödülü sahipleri
Yaşayan insanlar
Rusya Yahudileri
Sovyet erkek film yönetmenleri
Rusya Halk Sanatçıları
Rus animatörler
Sovyet animatörler
Rus seslendirme sanatçıları
Sovyet seslendirme sanatçıları
Stop motion animatörleri

Yuriy Norşteyn