Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba (1 September 1453 – 2 December 1515) was a Spanish general and statesman who led successful military campaigns during the Conquest of Granada and the Italian Wars. His military victories and widespread popularity earned him the nickname "El Gran Capitán" ("The Great Captain"). He also negotiated the final surrender of Granada and later served as Viceroy of Naples. Fernández de Córdoba was a masterful military strategist and tactician.

He was among the first Europeans to introduce the successful use of firearms on the battlefield and the first to reorganize the infantry to include pikes and firearms in effective defensive and offensive formations. The changes implemented by Fernández de Córdoba were instrumental in making the Spanish army the dominant force in Europe for more than a century and a half. For his extensive political and military success, he was made Duke of Santángelo (1497), Terranova (1502), Andría, Montalto and Sessa (1507).

Early life
Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba was born on 1 September 1453 at Montilla in the province of Córdoba. He was the younger son of Pedro Fernández de Córdoba, Count of Aguilar (himself the son of
Pedro Fernández de Córdoba, 1390–1424 and of Leonor de Arellano)
and of Elvira de Herrera (daughter of Pedro Núñez de Herrera y Guzmán, d. 1430, and of  Blanca Enríquez de Mendoza). In 1455 when Gonzalo was two years old, his father died. His older brother, Alonso, inherited all of their father's estates, leaving Gonzalo to seek his own fortune. In 1467 Gonzalo was first attached to the household of Alfonso, Prince of Asturias, the half-brother of King Henry IV of Castile. After Alfonso's death in 1468 Gonzalo devoted himself to Alfonso's sister, Isabella of Castile.

When King Henry IV died in 1474 Isabella proclaimed herself successor queen, disputing the right of Juana la Beltraneja (the king's 13-year-old daughter and her niece) to ascend the throne. During the ensuing civil war between the followers of Isabella and Juana, there was also conflict with Portugal since King Alfonso V of Portugal sided with his niece Juana. Gonzalo fought for Isabella under Alonso de Cárdenas, grand master of the Order of Santiago. In 1479 he fought in the final battle against the Portuguese leading 120 lancers. Cárdenas praised him for his service. When the war ended Isabella and her husband Ferdinand were the rulers of Castile and Aragon.

Conquest of Granada

Once the Catholic Monarchs had consolidated their rule, they embarked in 1481 on a ten-year campaign to conquer Granada, the last remaining Muslim stronghold on the Iberian peninsula. Fernández de Córdoba was an active participant in the fighting and distinguished himself as a brave and competent military leader. He gained renown for participation in the sieges of several walled towns including Loja, Tajara, Illora, and Montefrío. At Montefrío he was reported to be the first attacker over the walls. In 1492, Fernández de Córdoba captured the city of Granada, bringing an end to the war. The skills of a military engineer and a guerilla fighter were equally useful. Because of his knowledge of Arabic and his familiarity with Boabdil, Gonzalo was chosen as one of the officers to arrange the surrender.

For his service he was rewarded with an Order of Santiago, an encomienda, the manor of Órgiva in Granada as well as silk production rights in the region.

Italian campaigns
Gonzalo was an important military commander during the Italian Wars, holding command twice and earning the name "The Great Captain".

First Italian War

The Italian Wars began in 1494 when Charles VIII of France marched into Italy with 25,000 men to make good his claim to the Kingdom of Naples ruled by  Ferdinand II, a cousin to Ferdinand of Aragon. The French easily overwhelmed the Neapolitan defenses and on 12 May 1495 Charles had himself crowned Emperor of Naples. The Catholic Monarchs were anxious to reverse French success in Naples and selected Fernández de Córdoba to lead an expeditionary force against Charles. Fernández de Córdoba landed in Naples shortly after Charles' coronation with a force of about 5,000 infantry and 600 light cavalry. Fearful of being trapped in Italy, Charles installed Gilbert de Bourbon as Viceroy of Naples and returned to France with about half of the French forces.

Initially, the light infantry and cavalry under Fernández de Córdoba command were no match against the heavily-armed French. A lack of training and poor coordination between Spanish and Italian forces compounded the problem. In their first major engagement on 28 June 1495, Fernández de Córdoba was defeated at the Battle of Seminara against French forces led by Bernard Stewart d'Aubigny. After the defeat, Fernández de Córdoba withdrew to implement a rigorous training program and reorganize his army.  The Spanish employed effective guerrilla tactics, striking quickly to disrupt French supply lines and avoiding large-scale battles. Gradually Fernández de Córdoba regained a foothold in the country and then assaulted the French-occupied Italian cities. Within a year, Fernández de Córdoba achieved a decisive victory at Atella, capturing the French viceroy and expelling the remaining
French forces from Naples. He also recovered the Roman port of Ostia and returned the captured territories to the Italians by 1498.

Military restructuring
When Fernández de Córdoba returned to Spain he drew on the lessons from the Italian campaign to restructure the Spanish forces and military strategy. In the open field, the loose formation and short swords of the Spanish infantry were unable to withstand a charge of heavy cavalry and infantry armed with pikes. To overcome this weakness, Fernández de Córdoba introduced a new infantry formation armed with pikes and a heavy, shoulder-fired gun called an arquebus. To increase tactical flexibility he assigned different sections of his forces to specific roles, rather than using them as one general force. These new sections could maneuver more independently and act with greater flexibility.

Second Italian War
After Louis XII succeeded Charles as king of France in 1498, he quickly declared his intention to re-invade Italy and once again seize Naples. To buy time, Spain negotiated the Treaty of Granada with France in 1500, agreeing to partition Naples between the two countries. Fernández de Córdoba returned to Italy leading a large force on the pretext of joining with France and Venice to attack the Ottomans in the Ionian Sea. For a time Fernández de Córdoba did fight the Turks, seizing the strongly held island of Cephalonia in December 1500 after a two-month siege.

Fernández de Córdoba returned to Naples and after Frederick IV abdicated, the French and Spanish fought a guerilla war while negotiating the partition of the kingdom. Spain was outnumbered and besieged in Barletta by the French. Gonzalo refused to be drawn into a full-scale battle until he received sufficient reinforcements.

When his army was adequately reinforced, Fernández de Córdoba engaged the French on 28 April 1503 at the Battle of Cerignola where 6,000 Spanish troops faced a French army of 10,000. Gonzalo formed his infantry into units called coronelías with pikemen tightly packed in the center and arquebusiers and swordsmen on the flanks. The French unsuccessfully attacked the front and were assailed by gunfire coming from the flanks. The French commander, the Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours, was killed early in the battle. After withstanding two French charges, Fernández de Córdoba, El Gran Capitán, went on the offensive and drove the French off the field. This was the first time in history that a battle had been won largely through the strength of firearms.

Fernández de Córdoba occupied the city of Naples and pushed the French forces back across the Garigliano River. Separated by the river, a stalemate ensued with neither side able to make progress. But Fernández de Córdoba strung together a pontoon bridge and stole across the river on the night of December 29, 1503. The French, commanded by Ludovico II of Saluzzo, had assumed the rain-swollen river was impassable and were taken by complete surprise. Fernández de Córdoba and his army decisively defeated the French with their formations of pikes and arquebuses. Fernández de Córdoba continued to pursue the French and captured the Italian city of Gaeta in January 1504. Unable to mount a defense after these losses, the French were allowed to evacuate Italy by sea and forced to sign the Treaty of Blois in 1505, relinquishing their hold on Naples.

Viceroy of Naples

When the French were driven out of Naples, Fernández de Córdoba was made Duke of Terranova and appointed Viceroy of Naples in 1504. Later that same year Queen Isabel I of Castile died, depriving him of his most ardent supporter. Isabel's death also effectively pushed her husband, Ferdinand II of Aragon, out of power temporarily in Castile and forced him to defend his interests in Aragon. Naples was an Aragonese kingdom but Gonzalo was a Castilian and widely popular. As a result, Ferdinand suspected his loyalty and also felt that Gonzalo spent too freely from the treasury. In 1507 Ferdinand traveled to Naples, removed him from office and ordered him to return to Spain with a promise that he would be installed as master of the Order of Santiago, a powerful and prestigious position.

Although Fernández de Córdoba was awarded the additional title, Duke of Sessa, he never received the promised appointment to lead the Santiago military order.  Ferdinand continued to praise him but gave him nothing else to do; he eventually retired to one of his country estates. Fernández de Córdoba died of malaria on 2 December 1515 at his villa near Granada at age 62.

Marriage and family
Fernández de Córdoba first married in 1474 to his cousin María de Sotomayor; about a year later she died giving birth to a stillborn son. On 14 February 1489 he married María Manrique de Lara y Figueroa (also known as María Manrique de Lara y Espinosa, d. 1527)  from a powerful and wealthy noble family. His only surviving daughter, Elvira Fernández de Córdoba y Manrique, would inherit all his titles upon his death in 1515.

Legacy

The "Gran Capitán" was a pioneer of modern warfare.  He revolutionized 16th-century military strategy by integrating firearms into the Spanish infantry and directed the first battle in history won by gunpowder small arms (in this case, arquebuses),  the Battle of Cerignola of 1503.
He helped found the first modern standing army (the nearly invincible Spanish infantry which dominated European battlefields for most of the 16th and 17th centuries), and he pioneered combined arms warfare by combining the use of infantry, cavalry and artillery with naval support.

He left no sons, and was succeeded in his dukedoms by daughter Elvira Fernández de Córdoba y Manrique.
His  burial place in  the Monastery of San Jerónimo in Granada, was built in Renaissance style. His remains were transferred there in 1552, together with some 700 war trophies (captured banners). His daughter, Elvira, and his wife, Maria, are also buried there, along with a number of other family members. Elvira died in 1524, and Maria died in 1527.

The tomb was desecrated by Napoleonic troops under the command of the Corsican General Sebastiani during the Peninsular War, in 1810/11. The remains of Fernández de Córdoba were illegally exhumed and mutilated, and the 700 banners were burned.
Stone from the tower was used to build the Puente Verde bridge over the Genil. The monastery was fully restored at the end of the 19th century.

See also
Tercio

Notes

References

 Prescott, William, and Albert D. McJoynt. The Art of War in Spain. London: Greenhill Books, 1995.

Spanish
 Rafael Arce Jiménez y Lourdes Belmonte Sánchez: El Gran Capitán: repertorio bibliográfico, Biblioteca Manuel Ruiz Luque, 2000,
 José Enrique Ruiz-Domènec: El Gran Capitán. Retrato de una época, 2002,
 Duro, Cesáreo Fernández. Armada Española, desde la unión de los reinos de Castilla y Aragón. Madrid: Museo Naval, 1972
 Martín Gómez, Antonio L. El Gran Capitán: Las Campañas del Duque de Terranova y Santángelo. Madrid, Spain: Almena, 2000.
 Ruiz Domènec, José Enrique. El Gran Capitán, Retrato de una época. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones Peninsula, 2002.

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1453 births
1515 deaths
People from Campiña Sur (Córdoba)
Military leaders of the Italian Wars
Spanish generals
Dukes of Spain
Viceroys of Naples
15th-century Castilians
16th-century Spanish people
Spanish Roman Catholics
101
People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars
15th-century Neapolitan people
Spanish military officers

Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba


Moses Nyeman, né le  au Liberia, est un joueur libérieno-américain de soccer qui évolue au poste de milieu défensif au Real Salt Lake, en prêt du KSK Beveren.

Biographie
Né au Libéria, Moses Nyeman arrive aux États-Unis en 2013, intégrant rapidement l'académie de D.C. United dès 2015. Il obtient par la suite la nationalité américaine en 2021, alors qu'il vient d'être sélectionné par l'équipe des États-Unis senior.

En club
Alors qu'il a déjà commencé à jouer en USL Championship avec Loudoun United, la réserve de D.C. United, Nyeman signe un contrat professionnel avec l'équipe de Major League Soccer, devenant ainsi le treizième  des Black-and-Red, étant à quinze ans le deuxième plus jeune joueur à signer avec le club, derrière Freddy Adu.

Il fait ses débuts avec D.C. United le , lors d'une défaite 4-1 en Major League Soccer contre le Union de Philadelphie.

Devenu un élément important de son club et accumulant les titularisations en championnat, Nyeman termine notamment la saison 2021 dans la liste des 22 meilleurs moins de 22 ans de la MLS.

Néanmoins, la saison 2022 est plus difficile pour Nyeman qui est exclu lors d'une rencontre face au FC Cincinnati le  pour le compte de la deuxième semaine d'activités. Par la suite, une blessure l'éloigne des terrains jusqu'à l'été où il fait son retour avec la réserve en inscrivant un but face au San Antonio FC le  en USL Championship. À la fin du mois d'août, il est cependant vendu au SK Beveren, formation belge évoluant en deuxième division. Échouant à participer à la moindre rencontre au cours de la saison 2022-2023, il est prêté au Real Salt Lake le  et retourne ainsi en Major League Soccer.

En sélection
Nyeman est international avec l'équipe des moins de 16 ans américains depuis 2019, prenant notamment part à une victoire 2-0 en match amical contre les moins de 17 ans américains, où il inscrit le deuxième but de la rencontre.

En  il est appelé pour la première fois en équipe des États-Unis senior avec plusieurs autres jeunes promesses du soccer américain, pour préparer la Gold Cup 2021, qui sera ensuite remportée par ses compatriotes.

Références

Liens externes

Footballeur libérien
Joueur américain de soccer
Joueur du D.C. United
Joueur de Waasland-Beveren
Joueur du Real Salt Lake
Naissance en novembre 2003
Naissance au Liberia

Moses Nyeman


Kristijan "Kiki" Rahimovski (Zagreb, 18. srpnja 1981.) hrvatski je pjevač. Poznat je i kao sin bivšeg frontmena poznate grupe Parni valjak, Akija Rahimovskog.

Studijski albumi
 100 godina (2016.)
 Stopala  (2019.)

Nastupi na festivalima

Radijski festival

 2009. – "Da mi daš"

Splitski festival

 2014. – "Sjeverno"
 2015. – "Bogu hvala"

Zagrebfest

 2014. – "Postoji li mjesto"

CMC Festival-Vodice

 2014. – "Korak prekratak"

Dora

 2021. – "Zapjevaj, sloboda je" (s Tonijem Cetinskim, 8. mjesto)

Beogradsko proleće

 2022. – "Atlantida" (nagrada stručnog žirija za najbolju skladbu)

Izvori

Životopisi, Zagreb
Hrvatski pjevači

Kristijan Rahimovski


Gümüşlü, Antalya ilinin Korkuteli ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir. Mahallenin önceki ve halk arasında hâlen kullanılmakta olan ismi Kevzer'dir. Gümüşlü ismi 1990'dan sonra köye verilmiştir.

Coğrafya
Antalya il merkezine 73 km, Korkuteli ilçesine 13 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Dış bağlantılar

 https://www.nufusune.com/181211-antalya-korkuteli-gumuslu-mahallesi-nufusu

Korkuteli'nin mahalleleri

Kevzer, Korkuteli


Jutaií je rijeka u državi Amazonas, na sjeverozapadu Brazila.

Tok
Rijeka teče kroz ekoregiju Vlažne šume Juruá-Purus.> Rijeka Jutaí teče sjeveroistočno prije nego što dosegne ušće na južnoj obali rijeke Amazone (sekcija Solimões). Zapadno je od rijeke Juruá i otprilike je paralelna s donjim tokom ove rijeke.

Rezervat održivog razvoja Cujubim, osnovan 2003. godine, nalazi se s obje strane rijeke u općini Jutaí. To je najveća zaštitna jedinica u državi Amazonas i najveći rezervat održivog razvoja na svijetu. Dalje nizvodno, rijeka čini granicu između rezervata Rio Juta, osnovanog 2002. godine, na jugoistoku i ekološke stanice Jutaí-Solimões na sjeverozapadu.

Izvori

Literatura

Rijeke u Brazilu
Pritoke Amazone

Jutaí


SC Freiburg er kvindernes hold fra fodboldklubben SC Freiburg. De spillede i Tysklands topliga, Bundesligaen i flere år. I 2009–10 rykkede de ned i 2. Bundesliga. Et år senere rykkede holdet op i Bundesligaen igen og har spillet der siden.

Historiske slutplaceringer

Aktuel trup

Referencer

Kvindefodboldklubber i Tyskland

SC Freiburg (kvinder)


بانسكا شتيفنيتسا مدينة في وسط سلوفاكيا وتتبع أقليم بانسكا بيستريتسا.
ضمت المدينة إلى قائمة اليونيسكو لمواقع التراث العالمي في 11 كانون الأول 1993

توأمة
لبانسكا شتيفنيتسا اتفاقيات توأمة مع كل من:

 سيكشفهيرفار

أعلام

 جوزيف فرانز فون ياكفين
 يوسف روسيغر
 دانا بودراكا

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي لمدينة بارتيزانسكى

بانسكا شتيفنيتسا
بلديات سلوفاكيا
مدن سلوفاكيا
مواقع التراث العالمي في سلوفاكيا

بانسكا شتيفنيتسا


كانت الدانمارك مقسمة إلى 14 مقاطعة و 271 بلدية ألغي هذا التقسيم في 31 ديسمبر 2006م وتمت الاستعاضة عنه بتقسيم جديد يقسّم الدانمارك إلى 5 مناطق.

قائمة المقاطعات (1970-2006)

Note: مقاطعة رينجكوبنج officially used a different spelling than its capital city, Ringkøbing.

روابط إضافية
 Statistics Denmark
 Map of Denmark
 Explanation of Municipal Reform
 Map with named (new) municipalities
 Map of Faroe Islands
 Map of Greenland

مقاطعات الدنمارك
مقاطعات دنماركية سابقة (1970–2006)

مقاطعات الدنمارك


أصدر الملك إدوارد الأول في 1290 قرارًا بطرد كل اليهود من إنكلترا، استمرت فعاليته طوال العهود الوسطى. ألغي القرار بعد أكثر من 350 عامًا وذلك في 1656. لم يكن القرار استثنائيًا بل حصيلة أكثر من 200 سنة من سوء المعاملة.

حدثت في الاحتفال بتتويج رتشرد الأول في إنجلترا (1190) مشاحنة تافهة شجعها الأشراف الذين أرادوا أن يتخلصوا مما عليهم من ديون لليهود، فتطورت إلى مذبحة امتدت إلى لنكولن، واستامفورد، ولن. وقتل الغوغاء 350 منهم في مدينة يورك في العام نفسه وكان يقودهم رتشرد دي ملابستيا، وكان مستغرقاً في الدين لليهود. ثم قام مائة وخمسون من يهود يورك يتزعمهم الحبر توم طوب بقتل أنفسهم.

مصادر

موسوعة قصة الحضارة- ج 14 ص 91. وعلى الإنترنت ص 4912.

إنجلترا في 1290
إدوارد الأول ملك إنجلترا
تاريخ إنجلترا
تاريخ إنجليزي يهودي
تاريخيون يهود من العصور الوسطى
تطهير عرقي في أوروبا
طرد اليهود
معاداة السامية في إنجلترا
مواضيع عن اليهود السفارديم

طرد اليهود من إنجلترا


Tilde Capomazza, née à Pouzzoles le  et morte à Gênes le , est une réalisatrice et féministe italienne, passée à la postérité pour son émission hebdomadaire Si Dice donna programmé sur Rai 2 de 1977 à 1981.

Biographie
Elle est rédactrice dans divers journaux de la Federazione universitaria della gioventù cattolicala (fédération universitaire de la jeunesse catholique), et enseigne dans les écoles du nord de l'Italie. Elle est directrice de la revue catholique et collabore avec l'Unione Donne di Azione Cattolica.

En 1966, elle suit une formation de programmatrice à la RAI qui la recrute au début des années 1970.

À Rome en 1975, Elle fonde, avec Ida Magli et Annarita Buttafuoco, qui est également sa compagne, la revue DWF donnawomanfemme, la première revue italienne consacrée aux études historiques et socioanthropologiques féministes.

En 1977, elle réalise l'émission Si Dice donna, un programme révolutionnaire soutenu par Massimo Fichera le premier directeur de la deuxième chaîne après la réforme de la Rai en 1975. Si Dice Donna porte pour la première fois un regard féministe sur la société italienne de l'époque. Biancamaria Frabotta, Alessandra Bocchetti, Ida Farè, Daniela Colombo , Annamaria Guadagni, Fiamma Nirestein, Paola Piva, Maricla Tagliaferri, Mariella Gramaglia et Sofia Scandurra participent à l'émission. L'émission s'arrête brutalement en 1981.

Tilde Capomazza choisit de prendre une retraite anticipée, mais elle continue son activité éditoriale féministe.

Avec Marisa Ombra (ancienne partisane et présidente, dans les années 70, de la coopérative éditrice de la revue  Noi Donne) elle écrit en 1987, 8 marzo : storie, miti, riti della giornata internazionale della donna puis en 2009 8 marzo : una storia lunga un secolo.

En 2016, elle publie sa biographie intitulée Tivvù, passione mia.

livres
8 marzo : storie, miti, riti della giornata internazionale della donna, Rome  Utopia, 1987
Si dice donna. Dossier della trasmissione televisiva (1977-1981), Rome, Unione Femminile Nazionale, 2002
8 marzo : una storia lunga un secolo, Pavona di Albano Laziale : Iacobelli, 2009
Tivvù, passione mia, Rome, Harpo, 2016

Notes et références

Liens externes

Naissance à Pouzzoles
Personnalité italienne du XXe siècle
Réalisatrice italienne
Féministe italienne
Naissance en octobre 1931
Décès en février 2018
Décès à Gênes
Décès à 86 ans

Tilde Capomazza


شاركس  هو نادي كرة قدم نيجيري وهو نادي أساسي في نيجيريا ويلعب في الدوري النيجيري الممتاز. ويقع مقره في مدينة بورت هاركورت في ولاية ريفرز، وتم تأسيسه عام 1972.

انحلالات سنة 2016 في نيجيريا
انحلالات عقد 2010 في ولاية ريفرز
أندية رياضية في نيجيريا
أندية كرة قدم انحلت في 2016
أندية كرة قدم أسست في 1972
أندية كرة قدم سابقة في نيجيريا
أندية كرة قدم في بورت هاركورت
أندية كرة قدم في نيجيريا
تأسيسات سنة 1972 في نيجيريا
تأسيسات عقد 1970 في ولاية ريفرز
فرق رياضية في نيجيريا

شاركس


Vertraute Fremde ist der Titel folgender Werke:
 Vertraute Fremde (Manga), Manga von Jirō Taniguchi
 Vertraute Fremde (Film), auf dem Manga basierender belgischer Film von Sam Garbarski aus dem Jahr 2010

Vertraute Fremde ist der deutsche Zusatztitel folgender Werke:
 Allied – Vertraute Fremde, amerikanisches Filmdrama von Robert Zemeckis aus dem Jahr 2016

Vertraute Fremde


Wiesenbach (Sankt Vith) ist ein belgischer Ort. Er bildet zusammen mit Breitfeld die Dorfgemeinschaft Breitfeld-Wiesenbach innerhalb der Stadtgemeinde Sankt Vith. Bis 1976 war er ein Ortsteil der bis dahin selbstständigen Gemeinde Lommersweiler. In Wiesenbach leben 37 Einwohner (Stand 31. Dezember 2015).

Lage
Wiesenbach liegt am Übergang der Ardennen hin zur Westeifel im Tal des Wiesenbachs, einem Zufluss des Braunlaufs, auf einer Höhe von etwa
Das Ortszentrum von Sankt Vith befindet sich etwa zwei Kilometer nördlich und der kleine Nachbarort Neidingen 2 km südlich.

Geschichte
Eine Besiedlung der Region bereits in vorchristlicher Zeit von den Kelten, spätestens aber durch die Römern wird angenommen, da (auch hier) der Verlauf der Via Mansuerisca als Siedlungsachse vermutet wird. Diese Vermutungen konnten bisher aber weder durch archäologische Grabungen noch durch Historische Quellen belegt werden.

Der Ort gehörte zunächst zur luxemburgischen Grafschaft Vianden im Heiligen Römischen Reich (Deutscher Nationen). In den nachfolgenden Jahrhunderten gehörte die Region und somit auch Wiesenbach zunächst von 1405 an (oder 1417, abweichende Quellenlage) zum Haus Nassau und seit 1433 zu den Burgundischen Niederlanden (erst Haus Burgund, seit 1477 Habsburg), blieben aber weiterhin Luxemburger Lehen. 1555 wurde die Region Teil der Spanischen Niederlanden und nach dem Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg durch die Friedensschlüsse von Utrecht und Rastatt (1713 und 1714) ging das Gebiet an Österreich und war fortan ein Teil der Österreichischen Niederlande.
Nach der Schlacht bei Fleurus (1794) und dem Sieg der französischen Revolutionsarmee stand die Region unter französischer Verwaltung und wurde 1795 dem Département Ourthe zugeordnet.

Am 17. Februar 1800 wurden Wiesenbach und umliegende Orte aufgrund eines Dekrets der französischen Regierung der neu gegründeten und selbständigen Ortsgemeinde Lommersweiler angegliedert, deren gleichnamiger Hauptort auch Sitz der Mairie wurde.
Zu ihr gehörten neben dem Hauptort auch die Ortslagen und Weiler Alftersteg (teilweise), Atzerath, Breitfeld, Dreihütten, Galhausen, Heuem, Mackenbach, Neidingen, Setz, Schlierbach, Steinebrück, Weppeler und Wiesenbach. Die Gemeinde Lommersweiler hatte 1885 1067 Einwohner und 1930 bereits 1265.

1815, nach der Niederlage Napoleons bei Waterloo, kam Lommersweiler durch den Wiener Kongress zu Preußen (Rheinprovinz) im Deutschen Bund und seit 1871 zum Deutschen Kaiserreich. Die Ortsgemeinde gehörte ab 1816 zunächst zum Landkreis Sankt Vith, der 1821 in den Kreis Malmedy eingegliedert wurde (beides Kreise im Regierungsbezirk Aachen).
Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg wurde die Region Eupen-Malmedy 1920 aufgrund der Bestimmungen des Versailler Vertrags zunächst nur vorläufig und nach der 1920 durchgeführten und umstrittenen Volksabstimmung 1925 endgültig Belgien angegliedert.

Im Zweiten Weltkrieg wurde Belgien 1940 von der deutschen Wehrmacht überfallen. Die ostbelgischen Gebiete wurden vom nationalsozialistischen Deutschland annektiert und blieben bis zu ihrer Befreiung infolge der Niederlagen und des Rückzugs deutscher Truppen nach der gescheiterten Ardennenoffensive im Winter 1944/45 in deutscher Hand. Seitdem gehört Lommersweiler bzw. Wiesenbach (wieder) zu Belgien, was auch durch einen bilateralen Vertrag, der die bestehenden Staatsgrenzen als "unverrückbar" ansieht, 1956 von der Bundesrepublik Deutschland anerkannt wurde.

Am 1. Januar 1977 wurde die ehemals selbstständige Gemeinde Lommersweiler zusammen mit den bis dato auch eigenständigen Ortsgemeinden Crombach, Recht und Schönberg im Zuge des Zusammenschlusses belgischer Gemeinden der neu gebildeten Großgemeinde Sankt Vith angegliedert.

Heute besitzen die Gemeinden Ostbelgiens in etlichen Bereichen eine nicht unbedeutende Autonomie innerhalb der Deutschsprachigen Gemeinschaft in Belgien.

Sankt-Bartholomäus-Kapelle

Die Geschichte des Ortes ist eng verbunden mit der Sankt-Bartholomäus-Kapelle, die sowohl die wichtigste Sehenswürdigkeit in Wiesenbach als gleichzeitig auch eines der kulturhistorisch bedeutendsten Bauwerke der Stadt Sankt Vith darstellt.

Die im 9. Jahrhundert erbaute Kapelle ist das älteste Kulturerbe des St. Vither Landes.
Sie wurde erstmals 876 urkundlich genannt, steht seit 1937 unter Denkmalschutz und bildete die Keimzelle der kleinen Ortschaft. Ob zu jener Zeit hier schon eine Siedlung bestand oder in den darauf folgenden Jahren gegründet wurde, ist nicht überliefert. Urkundlich erwähnt wird in einem Vertrag aus dem Jahre 915 ein Gutshof namens Wison-Bronna.

Infrastruktur

Unmittelbar südlich des Ortes verläuft die belgische Autobahn A 27 mit den nächsten Anschlussstellen Sankt Vith-Süd (Nr. 15) und Lommersweiler (Nr. 16), zwischen denen das Viadukt von Breitfeld nahe der Ortschaft das Tal des Braunlaufs überspannt. Die Autobahn geht östlich der Grenze auf deutschem Gebiet in die A 60 (Europastraße 42) Lüttich – Verviers – Sankt Vith – Prüm – Bitburg – Wittlich über.

Die N 62 (Europastraße 421) führt wenige Kilometer westlich an Wiesenbach vorbei, während die Landstraße (Provinzialstraße 646) mit dem Namen Wiesenbachstraße und im weiteren Verlauf Wiesenstraße von Sankt Vith über Lommersweiler und weiter Richtung Burg-Reuland bzw. Winterspelt die Hauptverkehrsachse des Dorfes bildet.

Durch den Ort verlief ehemals die bereits seit Jahrzehnten stillgelegte und mittlerweile wieder abgebaute Strecke der Vennbahn, die im nördlichen Abschnitt von Sankt Vith bis zum Trennungsbahnhof Lommersweiler führte. Die sich hier trennenden Streckenäste führten als Teilabschnitt der Vennbahn weiter über Reuland nach Troisvierges in Luxemburg mit Anschluss an die Bahnstrecke Luxemburg–Spa bzw. als Westeifelbahn nach Deutschland über Bleialf, Pronsfeld und Prüm bis Gerolstein an der Eifelstrecke.

Auf Teilabschnitten der Westeifelbahn entstand der auch durch Wiesenbach führende Eifel-Ardennen-Radweg von St. Vith über Gerolstein bis zum Nürburgring mit Anbindung an weiterführende Fernradwege.

Im Ort gibt es neben Gastronomiebetrieben und Übernachtungsmöglichkeiten auch einen Campingplatz mit angeschlossenem Freibad, das gegen Eintritt auch anderen Besuchern zugänglich ist.

Anmerkungen

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Ortsteil von Sankt Vith
Katholischer Wallfahrtsort in Belgien

Wiesenbach (Sankt Vith)


Thomas Thors (født 28. juli 1949 i Hellerup) er en dansk læge, erhvervsleder og socialdemokratisk tidligere borgmester på Bornholm.

Baggrund
Thors er uddannet cand.med. fra Københavns Universitet.

Politisk karriere
Thomas Thors var Bornholms Regionskommunes første borgmester fra 2003 til december 2005. Inden kommunesammenlægningen var han siden 1998 borgmester for Rønne Kommune.

Fra 4. januar 2021 blev han igen borgmester i Bornholms Regionskommune efter tidligere borgmester Winni Grosbølls fratrædelse ved årsskiftet. Da kommunalbestyrelsen ikke kunne nå at mødes inden årsskiftet, blev viceborgmesteren, Enhedslistens Morten Riis dog midlertidigt valgt til borgmester, hvilket han var fra 1. til 4. januar 2021. Her sad han året ud, hvorefter Jacob Trøst blev overdraget borgmesterposten.

Referencer

Borgmestre i Rønne
Borgmestre i Bornholms Regionskommune
Læger fra Danmark
Borgmestre fra Socialdemokraterne
Borgmestre i Danmark 2018-2021
Personer fra Hellerup
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog

Thomas Thors


52nd Street, de l'anglais signifiant «  Rue », peut faire référence à :

 52nd Street, nom en anglais de la  Rue, une rue de Manhattan, New York (États-Unis) ;
 52nd Street, album de Billy Joel sorti en 1979 ;
 , film de Harold Young sorti en 1937 ;
 , groupe anglais de jazz-funk.

52nd Street


Carl Lund (født 8. april 1846 i København, død 17. oktober 1912) var en dansk fabrikant.

Carl Lund blev født i København, hvor hans fader var skomagermester Carl Lund og moderen Anne Christine født Jensen. Efter at have besøgt Melchiors Borgerskole kom han i isenkræmmerlære. Han blev herved opmærksom på, at der fra udlandet indførtes en mængde artikler, som formentlig måtte kunne udføres her hjemme, og hans lyst til i denne retning at gøre noget førte til, at han efter i to år at have været forretningsfører for og deltager i P.C. Elfstrøms Blikvarefabrik helt overtog denne i 1874. Det var kun en mindre forretning, men med energi arbejdede han den op til at omfatte alle slags lakerede, fortinnede og emaljerede jernblikvarer, der efterhånden erobrede markedet her og gennem en 1879 i Malmø anlagt filial også fandt indgang i Sverige og Norge. De to betydelige fabrikker i København og Malmø gik i 1888 over til et aktieselskab («Carl Lunds Fabrikker»), for hvilket Lund stod som direktør. En specialitet, som han med held fik indført, var bliksmørdåser, der kunne lukkes uden lodning. Det var et fransk patent, som han i 1877 købte for 40.000 Frs. I 1896 indtrådte Carl Lund i selskabets bestyrelse og overlod den forretningsmæssige ledelse til andre.

I 1887 blev han konsul for republikken Peru.

4. september 1872 ægtede han Hulda Francisca Lassen (født 3. juni 1848 i København, død ?), datter af skomagermester Hans Lassen og Cathrine født Knap.

Han var Ridder af Dannebrog.

Kilder

Personer i Dansk Biografisk Leksikon
Personer i Kraks Blå Bog (afdøde)
Fabrikanter fra Danmark
Danskere i 1800-tallet
Danskere i 1900-tallet
Riddere af Dannebrog

Carl Lund (fabrikant)


An Guadua refracta in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni William Munro. An Guadua refracta in nahilalakip ha genus nga Guadua, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Guadua

Guadua refracta


Aiham Alsammarae (also spelled Ayham Al-Samarie, and Ayham Al-Sammarae; ; born 15 July 1951) is a nationalistic, Sunni, Iraqi politician who served as Minister of Electricity from August 2003 until May 2005. He has been an active member of the Iraqi National List (headed by Iyad Allawi) and has fought hard for political reconciliation among Iraq's political parties as well as against the policy of de-Ba'athification, since his resignation as Minister of Electricity. Previously, he was a prominent member of the Iraqi Opposition and lived in exile in the U.S. for over 30 years.

Family, childhood, and education
Alsammarae was born on 5 July 1951 to a prominent Sunni Muslim family in Baghdad, Iraq, the second youngest of 13 children. His father, Jasim, was born and raised in Samarra. He later founded one of Iraq's largest construction companies. From a young age, Alsammarae was intimately familiar with Iraqi politics due to his family's presence in this sphere. Many of his close relatives served as ambassadors, cabinet advisors, and members of parliament. Growing up in the 1960s, Alsammarae received his primary and secondary education in Baghdad, Iraq. He then attended the University of Baghdad, earning his BSc in Electrical Engineering in 1973.

Upon obtaining his bachelor's degree, he completed his obligatory military duty (required of all men over the age of 18 in Iraq) by serving in the Air Force. After completing this requirement, Alsammarae received a scholarship to obtain post-graduate education in the U.S.. He obtained his Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago, IL in 1978 and began work on his PhD

By 1980, Alsammarae had resigned from the Ba'ath Party, and his scholarship to complete his PhD was revoked. In order to complete his studies at IIT, he worked as a teaching assistant and was able to continue with his education, obtaining his PhD in Electrical Engineering in 1983. After graduation, Alsammarae resided and worked in Chicago, IL as an electrical engineer while also becoming active in the Iraqi opposition. During the 1990s, he became involved with Iraqi charity organizations, sending food, clothing and medicine to those in need in Iraq.

Alsammarae was involved in opposition meetings during the 1990s and leading up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq. In 2003 he was elected as Minister of Electricity and increased electricity production to the highest level seen since the invasion in 2003, despite insurgent attacks, an archaic electrical system, lack of fuel for generators, and lack of qualified personnel.

Early political career
Alsammarae was a member of the Iraqi Ba'ath Party during the 1970s while a young college student in Baghdad, Iraq and was required to remain a Ba'ath Party member in order to obtain a scholarship to continue his studies in the USA. In January 1980, Alsammarae resigned from the party upon news of the execution of two brothers-in-law and one cousin. All three men had been accused of planning a coup attempt against Saddam Hussein; Alsammarae was later implicated in the alleged coup attempt by Iraqi Intelligence officials. Upon resignation from the Ba'ath Party, Alsammarae became active in the Iraqi opposition as well as numerous Iraqi charity and humanitarian groups. In the 1990s, Alsammarae was elected to serve as national board member in the Arab-American Anti-Discrimination Committee and used his role to work on behalf of those suffering under economic sanctions in Iraq. In addition to giving numerous lectures on the detrimental effects of the sanctions on the population of Iraq, Alsammarae organized numerous humanitarian shipments of food, clothing and medicine to Iraq.

In 2002, the US brought numerous Iraqi opposition groups and active opposition members together to discuss the potential for a post-Saddam Iraq. Alsammarae was in attendance at these meetings, and was elected by fellow opposition members to be one of the 65 members of the Coordinating Committee. At these meetings, he advocated the establishment of a secular, democratic Iraq within its currently defined borders. He was strongly opposed to the creation of an Iraqi federation as well as de-Ba'athifaction, both of which were policies put forth by Ahmed Chalabi. Alsammarae has criticized Chalabi's policies and behavior in many instances, including a Washington Times article where Alsammarae denounced Chalabi's move to a former Hussein palace. Such criticism, though supported by many Iraqi politicians, has rendered Chalabi a relentless political enemy to Alsammarae, and a web page deriding Alsammarae can be found on Chalabi's political party website.

Minister of Electricity

In August 2003, Alsammarae was appointed to serve as Minister of Electricity under the Coalition Provisional Authority by Paul Bremer and was the first minister of electricity in post-Saddam Iraq. Alsammarae inherited an archaic system providing an output of around 3,000MW (whereas demand is at minimum, 9,000 MW). Additionally, the national grid suffered from daily attacks and theft, lack of manpower and fuel shortages (despite developing new power plants and refurbishing old ones, the Ministry of Oil refused to give the Ministry of Electricity the oil necessary to fuel the power plants). In 2003 and 2004, Alsammarae complained about the lack of fuel on numerous occasions and tried to involve external mediation to solve the loggerhead. Unfortunately, he was unable to encourage the Ministry of Oil to supply fuel to the Ministry of Electricity and this situation persists and remains a problem for the Ministry of Electricity today.

Despite the numerous problems Alsammarae faced in modernizing Iraq's electrical system, the electrical output observed during Alsammarae's leadership has not since, been matched. In fact, since his departure from the ministry, electricity generation steadily declined to hit all-time lows in October 2006, a full year and a half after he left office. Furthermore, according to current Minister of Electricity, Kareem Waheed, the ministry is still "...working on projects [started] by Dr. Alsammarae".

In addition to his work in the ministry, Alsammarae spearheaded efforts towards reconciliation with Iraqi insurgent groups, in an attempt to get them to lay down their arms and join the political fold. Alsammarae reached out to "..11 separate Iraqi resistance groups, and at least four of the most important resistance groups --- including the Ba'athist Jaish Muhammad – gave him a formal letter declaring their willingness to pursue talks with Washington and the interim regime in Baghdad". Additionally, Alsammarae worked hard to lobby the Iraqi parliament and other Iraqi politicians to reject Chalabi's policy of de-ba'athification. The policy stated that anyone who was a previous Ba'ath Party Member would be ineligible to serve in the current Iraqi regime. This meant that all public servants, including the police and army, were fired over night. Chalabi was able to garner enough support to push the policy through, and enact it into law in 2003; however as of 2009, Prime Minister Nouri Al Maliki revoked the law and called for reconciliation efforts, instead.

Post Ministry

Alsammarae resigned from the Ministry in May 2005 as Ibrahim Al-Jafari, an Iraqi politician with strong ties to Iran was elected as Prime Minister. Alsammarae remained active in political pursuits such as garnering further support for reconciliation as well as encouraging Sunni's to be more active in politics. However, in the face of growing Iranian control over Iraq, Alsammarae began to openly criticize the Iranian regime, its presence in Iraq and the Iraqi politicians allied to Iran. This criticism would make him the target of an assassination attempt in January 2006, which resulted in two of his body guards sustaining critical injuries, requiring they be rushed to Amman, Jordan for treatment. The attempt failed, but was followed with charges of corruption leaked to the media by the Iraqi government. Details of the charges are scant, and to date, no Iraqi Government spokesman has revealed any information concerning the charges Alsammarae faced.

According to the Chicago Tribune, Alsammarae heard of these charges while he was at his home in Amman, Jordan. He decided to travel to face these charges, but found that he would, instead, be held without being formally charged by the Commission for Public Integrity. The CPI is heavily criticized by Iraqi politicians, with many, such as Massoud Barazani (Governor of Kurdistan), declaring that the CPI is a tool for political retribution and the "...settling of political scores". Furthermore, the head of the CPI was, himself, accused of corruption by the Iraqi Parliament. Regardless, on 11 October 2006 Alsammarae was convicted of misappropriation of funds regarding a $200,000 generator purchased for the southern province of Maysan. He filed an appeal, and was acquitted of wrongdoing in December 2006. Unfortunately, he was not let out of detainment, and instead was told that he would be taken outside the green zone for finger printing before he would be released. Meanwhile, records show that his family repeatedly contacted the State Department and Senators from their home state of Illinois, asking that they look into his case. On 16 October 2006, Obama's Senate office received a faxed plea from Alsammarae's son, Ramy Alsammarae. "Alsammarae's son claimed in the fax that his father was railroaded for exposing Iraqi government incompetence, and feared his life was in danger." Fearing his safety outside the green zone and cleared of wrongdoing, Alsammarae escaped the unlawful detention and traveled to Amman, Jordan and back to the United States.

Alsammarae, who has been cleared of all allegations and acquitted by the highest appeals court in Iraq, has continued his work in Iraqi politics. He is currently working with the Iraqi National List, headed by Iyad Allawi. He has concentrated his work on continuing efforts in the area of reconciliation and is actively working to bring Iraqis of various ethnic and religious backgrounds together to form one, nationalistic, secular and democratic front.

Personal life
Alsammarae is CEO of a private engineering consulting firm and lives in Chicago, Illinois, with his wife and three children.

References

External links

How to get out of Iraq
Rebuilding Iraq
Brookings.edu
Power struggle in Iraq
Mees.com
NYtimes.com

People from Baghdad
Government ministers of Iraq
Iraqi emigrants to the United States
Living people
Iraqi Sunni Muslims
American Sunni Muslims
Iraqi exiles
Iraqi escapees
Escapees from Iraqi detention
Iraqi National Accord politicians
1951 births
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Iraq Region politicians
University of Baghdad alumni
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni

Aiham Alsammarae


Himmetli, Adana ilinin Saimbeyli ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Adana il merkezine 117 km, Saimbeyli ilçesine 13 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Yerelnet

Saimbeyli'nin mahalleleri

Himmetli, Saimbeyli


هاي بارك High Park هي أكبر حديقة عامة في مدينة تورنتو بمقاطعة أونتاريو بكندا على مساحة 161 هكتار أي ما يعادل (398 فدان, 1.61 كم²) في غرب المدينة وشمال بحيرة أونتاريو. تستخدم الحديقة للتنزه وممارسة عدة أنواع من الرياضة لتجهيز الحديقة بوسائلها ومستنبت طبيعي وممارسة بعض النشاطات التعليمية والثقافية.

مراجع

تأسيسات سنة 1876 في أونتاريو
حدائق

حدائق حيوان في أونتاريو

متنزهات في تورونتو

هاي بارك


Aveleda Portekiz'de Vila do Conde belediyesine bağlı olan, 3,51 km² yüzölçümüne sahip, 1.479 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Vila do Conde'nin bucakları

Aveleda (Vila do Conde)


Carl Otto Ehrenfried Nicolai (9 June 1810 – 11 May 1849) was a German composer, conductor, and one of the founders of the Vienna Philharmonic. Nicolai is best known for his operatic version of Shakespeare's comedy The Merry Wives of Windsor as . In addition to five operas, Nicolai composed lieder, works for orchestra, chorus, ensemble, and solo instruments.

Biography

Nicolai, a child prodigy, was born in Königsberg, Prussia. He received his first musical education from his father, Carl Ernst Daniel Nicolai, who was also a composer and musical director. During his childhood his parents divorced, and while still a youth, early in June 1826, Nicolai ran away from his parents' "loveless" home, taking refuge in Stargard with a senior legal official called August Adler who treated the musical prodigy like a son and, when Nicolai was seventeen, sent him to Berlin to study with Carl Friedrich Zelter.

After initial successes in Germany, including his first symphony (1831) and public concerts, he became musician to the Prussian embassy in Rome. When Verdi declined the libretto of Il proscritto by the proprietors of La Scala in Milan, it was offered instead to Nicolai.  Later, Nicolai refused a libretto by the same author, and it went to Verdi, whose Nabucco was his first early success. All of Nicolai's operas were originally written in Italian, the sole exception being his last and best known opera, The Merry Wives of Windsor, written in German. At one time he was even more popular in Italy than Verdi.

During the early 1840s, Nicolai established himself as a major figure in the concert life of Vienna. In 1844 he was offered the position, vacated by Felix Mendelssohn, of Kapellmeister at the Berlin Cathedral; but he did not reestablish himself in Berlin until the last year of his life.

On 11 May 1849, two months after the premiere of The Merry Wives of Windsor, and only two days after his appointment as Hofkapellmeister at the Berlin Staatsoper, he collapsed and died from a stroke. On the same day of his death, he was elected a member of the Royal Prussian Academy of Arts.

Nicolai was portrayed by Hans Nielsen in the 1940 film Falstaff in Vienna.

Works

Operas

Other
 Six four-part unaccompanied lieder, Op. 6
 Variazioni concertanti su motivi favoriti dell'opera La sonnambula di Bellini, Op. 26, for soprano, horn and piano (or cello or clarinet) (republished in 2000 by edition mf)
 Ecclesiastical Festival Overture on the chorale "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott", Op. 31
 Pater noster, Op. 33, for two mixed choirs (SATB/SATB) a cappella with soloists (SATB/SATB). Published by Schott Music in 1999.
 Der dritte Psalm (Psalm 3) for alto solo. (Manuscript at Library of Congress.)
 Six sonatas for two horns: from the Handel Knot-Farquharson Cousins ms (re(?)published by Edition Kunzelmann in 1977.)
 Mass in D major (1832/1845). (Recorded on the label Koch Schwann in 1981, subsequently reissued on compact disc. Published by Augsburg : A. Böhm in 1986.)
 Te Deum (1832); Psalm 97, "Der Herr ist König"; Psalm 31, "Herr, auf Dich traue ich"; "Ehre sei Gott in der Höhe" (psalm and liturgical settings recorded also on Koch Schwann. Te Deum was also recorded on Deutsche Grammophon Gesellschaft LPM 39,170 in 1966.) Psalms 31 & 97 published by Bote & Bock of Berlin in 1977.
 Two symphonies: No. 0 (1831) and No. 1 in D (1835, rev. 1845)
 Concertino for Trumpet and Orchestra in Eb major (1835)

Songs and duets
Wenn sanft des Abends, Op. 2a
Der Schäfer im Mai / Männersinn, Op. 3
Abschied, Op. 13
Auf ewig dein, Op. 14
Wie der Tag mir schleicht / Willkommen du Gottes Sonne / Die Schwalbe, Op. 15
Lebewohl / An die Entfernte / Randino / Das treue Mädchen, Op. 16
Schlafendes Herzenssöhnchen, Op. 19
Rastlose Liebe, Op. 23
Il duolo d'amore / Se tranquillo a te d'accanto / Il desiderio al lido op. 24
Die Träne, Op. 30
Die Beruhigung / Der getreue Bub / Stürm, stürm, du Winterwind, Op. 34
Der Kuckuck / Flohjammer / Du bist zu klein, mein Hänselein, Op. 35
Herbstlied, Op. 37

Works for piano
Six danses brillantes
Rondo capriccioso
Sonata in d minor Op. 27
Mondwalzer
Etude Adieu à Liszt, Op. 28
3 Etudes, Op. 40

References
Notes

Sources

External links

Otto Nicolai biography and timeline at MusicWeb Classpedia

1810 births
1849 deaths
Classical composers of church music
Musicians from Königsberg
Musicians from East Prussia
19th-century classical composers
19th-century conductors (music)
19th-century German composers
German conductors (music)
German male classical composers
German male conductors (music)
German opera composers
German Romantic composers
Male opera composers
Music directors of the Berlin State Opera
Pupils of Bernhard Klein
Pupils of Carl Friedrich Zelter

Otto Nicolai


Chiyoda (jap. , -machi) ist eine Stadt im Landkreis Ōra (, -gun), in der Präfektur Gunma, auf der japanischen Insel Honshū.

Geografie
Chiyoda befindet sich im Westen der Präfektur Gunma und erstreckt sich nördlich entlang einer Flussbiegung des Tone, auf deren anderen Seite die Präfektur Saitama ist.

Im Nordwesten grenzt die Gemeinde an Ōizumi, im Norden an Ōra, im Nordosten an Tatebayashi, im Osten an Meiwa und auf der anderen Flussseite im Südosten an Hanyū, sowie im Süden an Kumagaya.

Geschichte
Die Gemeinde Chiyoda entstand am 31. März 1955 aus der Vereinigung der Dörfer (mura) Tominaga (, -mura), Eiraku (, -mura) und Nagae (, -mura). Am 30. September 1956 wurde das Gebiet von Nagae wieder abgetrennt und Nakashima (heute: Ōra) zugeschlagen.

Am 1. April 1982 wurde das Dorf Chiyoda zur Stadt (machi) erhoben.

Verkehr
Chiyoda ist weder über Nationalstraßen noch über das nationale Schienennetz angeschlossen. Die Gemeinde ist jedoch erreichbar über einige Präfekturstraßen sowie einen Fährdienst von Kumagaya auf der anderen Seite des Tone.

Bildung
In Chiyoda befinden sich die Grundschulen Chiyoda-West (, Chiyoda-chōritsu Nishi shōgakkō) und Chiyoda-Ost (, Chiyoda-chōritsu Higashi shōgakkō), sowie die Mittelschule Chiyoda (, Chiyoda-chōritsu Chiyoda chūgakkō). Eine Oberschule als Äquivalent zur Sekundarstufe II gibt es in Chiyoda nicht.

Weblinks

 Offizielle Website von Chiyoda (jap.)

Ort in der Präfektur Gunma

Chiyoda (Gunma)


A Igreja Evangélica no Marrocos - IEM - ( em francês: Église évangélique au Maroc ) é a maior e mais antiga denominação protestante do Marrocos.

A denominação ficou conhecida na década de 2000 e 2010 pelas expulsões de vários de seus pastores e missionários do país, acusados de incentivar a conversão de muçulmanos ao Cristianismo, o que é proibido pela lei do pais.

História

Precedentes

A partir de 1890, missionários escoceses estabeleceram missões protestantes em Marrakech , mas os cultos eram realizados em inglês. A Missão do Sul do Marrocos em Glasgow formou uma pequena comunidade em torno de um ambulatório de cuidados médicos para os marroquinos, especialmente para as mães marroquinas que estavam dando à luz e para as crianças serem vacinadas ou tratadas. O vice-cônsul inglês Alan Lennox e sua família que morava em Dar Tounsi fizeram parte dessa primeira comunidade protestante.

Estabelecimento
A Igreja Reformada Francesa estabeleceu-se no Marrocos em 1907. Em maio de 1908, pastores franceses vieram como capelães militares, para lançar as bases do que mais tarde se tornaria Igreja Evangélica Reformada Francesa. Por mais de 10 anos, os franceses se reuniram na Igreja Anglicana. O primeiro Templo foi construído em Casablanca em 1919. A partir dessa época, a organização da Igreja de Marrocos continuou com a criação de anexos das duas principais paróquias Casablanca e Fez.

Num segundo tempo, estas paróquias tornar-se-iam autónomas e permitiriam uma organização nacional. Essas comunidades eram as de Rabat, El Jadida, Marrakech, Safi, Kenitra, Tânger, Meknes, Oujda, Agadir.

Século XXI

Após a independência do Marrocos, a denominação perdeu muitos de seus membros, que se mudaram para a França. Todavia, a denominação viu novo crescimento a partir da chegada de protestantes da África subsariana, bem como a partir da conversão de muçulmanos ao Cristianismo.

Em 2006, era estimado que a denominação tinha 9 locais de culto e em 2016 a Central Intelligence Agency estimou que a denominação tinha 2.500 membros.

Relações intereclesiásticas

A denominação é membro da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas e da Conferência das Igrejas de Toda a África , Comunidade das Igrejas em Missão e Comunidade das Igrejas Protestantes de Língua Francesa.

Denominações reformadas
Membros da Comunhão Mundial das Igrejas Reformadas
Cristianismo em Marrocos

Igreja Evangélica no Marrocos


Die Liste der deutschen Botschafter in Panama enthält die Botschafter der Bundesrepublik Deutschland in Panama. Sitz der Botschaft ist in Panama-Stadt.

Siehe auch
 Botschafter der DDR in Panama

Weblinks
 Website der Deutschen Botschaft Panama

Anmerkungen

!
Panama
Deutschland


SS Canberra was an ocean liner, which later operated on cruises, in the P&O fleet from 1961 to 1997. She was built at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, Northern Ireland at a cost of £17 million. The ship was named on 17 March 1958, after the federal capital of Australia, Canberra. She was launched on 16 March 1960, sponsored by Dame Pattie Menzies, wife of the then Prime Minister of Australia, Robert Menzies. She entered service in May 1961, and made her maiden voyage starting in June. In the 1982 Falklands War she served as a troopship. In 1997 the singer and songwriter Gerard Kenny released the single "Farewell Canberra" which was specially composed for the last voyage.

History

Ocean liner
P&O commissioned Canberra to operate the combined P&O–Orient Line service between the United Kingdom and Australasia and designed her to carry 548 first-class passengers and 1,650 tourist class. Too big for Tilbury she was based at Southampton. Her first voyage set out on 2 June 1961 through the Suez Canal and called at Colombo, Fremantle, Melbourne, Sydney, Auckland, Suva, Honolulu, San Francisco and Los Angeles returning to Southampton by the same ports. By mid-1963 she had spent many months in dry dock in Southampton and in the builder's yard for repairs to her electrical and mechanical systems.

The era of mass air travel had begun by the time the Canberra was laid down and air travel prices fell relentlessly in the early 1960s to challenge P&O's lowest fares. In the second half of 1962 Canberra made a short cruise from Southampton followed by two more to New York. More cruises followed but nevertheless most of the ship's first decade was spent on the Australia run.

Cruises

At the end of 1972 she was withdrawn and refitted to carry 1,500 single-class passengers on cruises. Unusually, this transition from an early life as a purpose-built ocean liner to a long and successful career in cruising, occurred without any major external alterations, and with only minimal internal and mechanical changes over the years. One of her public rooms included a 'Cricketers Tavern', which contained a collection of bats and ties from cricket clubs all over the world; she also had the William Fawcett reading/writing room, named for the first P&O ship.

In 1961, while still a student at the Royal College in London, the now famous British artist David Hockney (born 1937) was commissioned to create a mural for the 'Pop Inn', a special lounge for teenagers onboard. Hockney graffitied and drew on the walls for five days and the fee earned assisted him to travel to New York for the first time.

Engineering
Like  and  that she replaced on the Tilbury–Brisbane route, Canberra had turbo-electric transmission. Instead of being mechanically coupled to her propeller shafts, Canberras steam turbines drove large electric alternators that provided current for electric motors that, in turn, drove the vessel's twin propellers. They were the most powerful steam turbo-electric units ever installed in a passenger ship; at  per shaft, they surpassed 's  on each of her four shafts. This would give her a speed of about . She also had a bow propeller for manoeuvring in port and docking manoeuvres. She was also the first British passenger liner to use alternating current as power.

There are several operational and economical advantages to such electrical de-coupling of a ship's propulsion system, and it became a standard element of cruise ship design in the 1990s, over 30 years after Canberra entered service. However, diesel engine- and gas turbine-driven alternators are the primary power source for most modern electrically propelled ships.

Canberra had a bulbous bow, two sets of stabilizers, and two funnels side-by-side. The lifeboats, which were made from glass fibre, were placed three decks lower than usual for ships of her type, and were recessed into the hull to allow improved view from the passenger decks.

Falklands War

On 2 April 1982, Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, which initiated the Falklands War. At the time, Canberra was cruising in the Mediterranean. The next day, her captain Dennis Scott-Masson received a message asking his time of arrival at Gibraltar, which was not on his itinerary. When he called at Gibraltar, he learnt that the Ministry of Defence (MoD) had requisitioned Canberra for use as a troopship. Canberra sailed to Southampton, Hampshire where she was quickly refitted, sailing on 9 April for the South Atlantic.

Nicknamed the Great White Whale, Canberra proved vital in transporting 3 Commando Brigade to the islands more than  from the United Kingdom. Canberra was sent to the heart of the conflict.

Canberra anchored in San Carlos Water on 21 May as part of the landings by British forces to retake the islands. Although her size and white colour made her an unmissable target for the Argentine Air Force, Canberra, if sunk, would not have been completely submerged in the shallow waters at San Carlos. However, the liner was not badly hit in the landings as the Argentine pilots tended to attack the warships instead of the supply and troop ships. After the war, Argentine pilots said they were told not to hit Canberra, as they mistook her for a hospital ship. Hospital ships must be painted white, as Canberra always had been, but must also have a green stripe and fly a Red Cross flag.

Canberra then sailed to South Georgia, where 3,000 troops were transferred from Queen Elizabeth 2. They were landed at San Carlos on 2 June. When the war ended, Canberra was used as a cartel to repatriate captured Argentine soldiers, landing them at Puerto Madryn, before returning to Southampton to a rapturous welcome on 11 July. Captain Scott-Masson, who had started his apprenticeship on the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line troopship  in the late 1940s, was awarded a CBE and made an aide-de-camp to Queen Elizabeth II.

Final years

After a lengthy refit, Canberra returned to civilian service as a cruise ship. Her role in the Falklands War made her very popular with the British public, and ticket sales after her return were elevated for many years as a result. In March 1986, the Golden Cockerel trophy was transferred from the old Oriana to the Canberra due to Oriana's retirement. Age and high running costs eventually caught up with the Canberra though, as she had much higher fuel consumption than most modern cruise ships. As refitting her to meet the new 1997 SOLAS regulations would have been very expensive, P&O opted to retire the old vessel.

On 25 June 1996 P&O Cruises announced that the Canberra would be retired at the end of 1997. Although Premier Cruise Line had made a bid for the old ship, P&O had already decided that they did not want Canberra to operate under a different flag and refused to sell her to Premier (as a result, Premier bought the similar looking Rotterdam). A replacement for the Canberra, the 1988-built Star Princess was transferred to P&O Cruises and was renamed Arcadia. On 25 September 1997 the Golden Cockerel trophy was transferred from Canberra to the new Oriana while both ships were docked at Cannes, France.

Canberra was withdrawn from P&O service on 30 September 1997 and sold to ship breakers for scrapping on 10 October 1997, leaving for Gadani ship-breaking yard, Pakistan on 31 October 1997. Her deep draft meant that she could not be beached as far as most ships, and due to her solid construction the scrapping process took nearly a year instead of the estimated three months, being totally scrapped by the end of 1998.

Gallery

Media
An edition of The Rank Organisation film series Look at Life -  'Shape of a Ship'. Featured the SS Canberra whilst she was still being constructed. The program also described the changes in ship design that were being implemented at the time.
British singer/songwriter John Paul Young emigrated to Sydney, NSW, Australia on this ship on Australia Day, 26 January 1962 at age 11.
SS Canberra is the liner where, in the James Bond film Diamonds Are Forever, Mr. Wint and Mr. Kidd try to kill Bond.
The singer/songwriter Gerard Kenny released "Farewell Canberra" in 1997, which was written especially for the last voyage and a tribute to SS Canberra. The song mentions the ship giving a home and comfort to the Falklands soldiers who were "so brave and alone" and that for the many people who travelled on Canberra, she remains "always in our memory" and "our wonderful home on the sea".
Part of the TV mini-series Melissa by Alan Bleasdale starring Tim Dutton, Jennifer Ehle, and Julie Walters was filmed on board during the ship's last voyage from Madeira.

Statistics
 Launched by Dame Pattie Menzies 16 March 1960
 Sailed from Belfast to Southampton 28 April 1961
 Entered P&O service 19 May 1961
 Fuel consumption; about 250–300 tonnes/day at sea
 Water consumption, engines; 200 tonnes/day
 Water consumption, domestic; 600 tonnes/day
 Water production capacity; 450 tonnes/day
 The top section of her radar mast was designed to cantilever astern to clear the Sydney Harbour Bridge

References

Footnotes

Works cited

Further reading

External links

 ssCanberra.com - a site dedicated to the Canberra
 Great Ocean Liners: Canberra
 IWM Interview with Captain Dennis Scott-Masson

1960 ships
Falklands War naval ships of the United Kingdom
Ships built in Belfast
Ships of P&O Cruises
Ships of P&O (company)
Troop ships of the United Kingdom
Turbo-electric steamships
Ships built by Harland and Wolff
Maritime incidents in 1973
Maritime history of Australia

SS Canberra


Planica es un valle alpino en el noroeste de Eslovenia, que se extiende al sur de la aldea fronteriza de Rateče, no muy lejos de otra estación de esquí muy conocida, la de Kranjska Gora. Más al sur, el valle se extiende en el valle de Tamar, un destino de excursión popular en el parque nacional del Triglav.

Planica es famoso por el Salto de esquí. La primera colina de saltos de esquí fue construida antes de 1930 en la ladera del monte Ponca. En 1934, Stanko Bloudek construyó una colina más grande, conocida como el "Gigante Bloudek". El primer salto de esquí de más de 100 m se logró aquí en 1936 por el austriaco Sepp Bradl. En ese momento, se trataba de la colina más grande salto en el mundo, a veces llamada "la madre de todas las colinas de salto".

Véase también
 Geografía de Eslovenia
 Geografía de Europa

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de localización

Valles de Eslovenia

Planica


Stargate SG-1 - Kommando SG1 - ya da kısaca SG-1, Antik Mısır tanrıları ile uzaylılar arasında bağ kuran 1994 yapımı Yıldız Geçidi (Stargate) filminin devamı niteliğindeki televizyon dizisidir. Dizi Yıldız Geçitleriyle galaksiyi dolaşan keşif takımı SG1'ın maceralarını konu alır. Dizi 10. sezonunda toplam 213 bölümle sona ermiştir.

Yıldız geçidi sayesinde farklı gezegenler arasında geçişler yapılabilen dizide dost ve düşman farklı ırkların Tauri (Dünya) halkıyla olan ilişkileri işlenmektedir. Bu gezengenlerde SG-1 takımının başına gelen olaylar anlatılmaktadır. Antik Mısır tarihi de dizide bol bol yer almaktadır.

Konusu
Stargate (1994) filminin dizi şeklinde çekilmiş devamıdır. İlk yayınlandığı tarih 1997'dir ve 2007'ye kadar devam etmiştir. Bu nedenle bilimkurgu dizileri arasında 9 sezonluk The X Files (Gizli Dosyalar) dizisini geride bırakmıştır.

Başlangıç filminde tanrı Ra yok edilmiştir. Abydos halkı özgürdür. Dr. Daniel Jackson Abydoslu Share ile evlenir ve geriye dönmez. Bir yıl sonra dünyadaki Yıldız Geçidi açılır. İçinden Goa'uld'lar gelir. Nöbetçi personelle çatışmaya girerler ve bir kadın personeli kaçırırlar. Bu olağanüstü durum üzerine Albay Jack O'Neill tekrar çağrılır. Bu saldırının Abydos'dan geldiği düşünülür. Daniel'a mesaj gönderilir. Ve Jack O'Neill ve Yüzbaşı Samanta Carter'ın içinde olduğu bir ekip Abydos'a gider. Daniel onlara keşfettiklerini gösterir. Bu sırada aynı Goa'uld'lar Abydos'a gelir ve Share'yi kaçırır.

Daniel Yıldız Geçidi'nin sadece Dünya-Abydos arasında değil, tüm evrene yayılmış bir sistem olduğunu keşfeder. Bulduğu bir tapınakta birçok gezegenin koordinatları(semboller) vardır. Bu semboller kamerayla kayıt altına alınır. Geçide geldiklerinde Share'nin kaçırıldığı görürler. Hem içindeki araştırma duygusu hem Share'yi bulmak için ekibimizle Dünyaya döner.

Abydos'da bulunan sembollerle keşif gezegenleri belirlenir. Daha sonra keşfedilen gezegenlerden bulunan sembollerle bu gezegenler artar. Kurulan birçok SG takımlarından en önemlisi SG-1, Albay Jack O'Neill, Yüzbaşı Samanta Carter, Dr. Daniel Jackson ve Jaffa halkının özgürlüğüne inan Teal'c'den oluşur. Birçok gezegeni keşfederler. Birçok ırkla tanışır ve birçok teknolojiye ulaşırlar. İnsanların Goa'uld'lar tarafından geçit aracılığıyla diğer gezegenlere köle amacıyla götürüldüklerini, Stargate'in Eskiler denilen ırk tarafından yapıldığını, Dünya'da mitolojide tapılan Ra, Apophis, Thor, Anubis gibi tanrıların uzaylı olduklarını keşfederler.

SG-1'in nihai amacı yeni teknolojiler keşfetmekte olsa, yeni ırklarla tanışmışlar ve Goa'uld sahte tanrıları yok etmekle uğraşmışlardır.

Üyelerinin nadiren değiştiği SG-1 Ekibi keşiflerle akıl almaz maceralara atılmıştır.

Diğer bilgiler
Dizi Atlantis adlı ayrı dizisiyle devam etmiş olup iki yeni filmi bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri dizinin devamı ve son bölümü olan The Ark Of Truth diğeri ise yeni bir konu işleyen Continuum. Bu iki film de Yıldız Geçidi SG-1 altyapılıdır. Ayrıca Stargate'in yeni dizisi Universe 2009'da yayında olacak. Ayrıca 2010 yılında yayınlanması planlanan Yıldız Geçidi Atlantis'in devamı niteleğindeki Stargate: Extinction, Wraith ırkının yok oluşunu anlatacaktır.

Türkiye'de ilk bölümü TRT 1 tarafından 14 Nisan 2007 tarihinde saat 23:35'te yayınlanan Yıldız Geçidi SG-1'in tanıtım yazısı TRT'nin resmî web sitesinde şöyle yapılmıştır:

Oyuncular

Dış bağlantılar
 Dizinin resmî web sitesi

SG-1
1997'de başlayan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
1997'de başlayan Kanada televizyon dizileri
2007'de sona eren Amerika Birleşik Devletleri televizyon dizileri
2007'de sona eren Kanada televizyon dizileri
1990'larda Türkiye'de yayınlanan ithal televizyon dizileri
Kanada bilimkurgu dizileri
Amerika Birleşik Devletleri bilimkurgu dizileri
Syfy orijinal programları
Vancouver'da çekilen televizyon dizileri
MGM Television dizileri

Yıldız Geçidi SG-1


La Coupe d'Arménie 2002 est la  de la Coupe d'Arménie depuis l'indépendance du pays. Elle prend place entre le  et le .

Un total de seize équipes participe à la compétition, correspondant à onze des douze clubs de la première division 2002, à l'exception du  Lernagorts Ararat, auxquels s'ajoutent cinq équipes du deuxième échelon.

La compétition est remportée par le Pyunik Erevan qui s'impose contre le Zvartnots-AAL Erevan à l'issue de la finale pour gagner sa deuxième coupe nationale. Cette victoire permet au Pyunik de réaliser le doublé Coupe-championnat et de se qualifier pour l'édition 2003 de la Supercoupe d'Arménie. Le club étant par ailleurs déjà qualifié pour la Ligue des champions 2002-2003, la place en Coupe UEFA du vainqueur de la coupe est réattribuée au Zvartnots-AAL en qualité de finaliste.

Huitièmes de finale
Les matchs aller sont disputés les 30 et 31 mars 2002, et les matchs retour entre le 3 et le 7 avril suivants.

Quarts de finale
Les matchs aller sont disputés les 19 et 20 avril 2002, et les matchs retour les 27 et 28 avril suivants.

Demi-finales
Les matchs aller sont disputés les 14 et 15 mai 2002, et les matchs retour les 20 et 21 mai suivants.

Finale
La finale de cette édition oppose les deux clubs erevains du Pyunik et du Zvartnots-AAL. Le Pyunik dispute à cette occasion sa quatrième finale de coupe depuis 1992, s'étant imposé une fois en 1996. Le Zvartnots-AAL atteint quant à lui ce stade pour la deuxième fois, s'y étant incliné deux ans plus tôt lors de l'édition 2000.

Disputée le 27 mai 2002 au stade Républicain Vazgen-Sargsian d'Erevan, la rencontre tourne à l'avantage du Pyunik au cours de la première période, celui-ci ouvrant la marque à la  par l'intermédiaire de Mamadou Diawara avant qu' n'aggrave la marque juste avant la pause. Le score n'évolue plus par la suite et permet au club de remporter sa deuxième coupe nationale.

Références

Liens externes
 Coupe d'Arménie 2002 sur le site de la RSSSF.

2002
Arménie M
Sport en Arménie en 2002

Coupe d'Arménie de football 2002


Dyveke Sigbritsdatter or Dyveke Willomsdatter, (1490 – 21 September 1517), in Denmark normally known as "Dyveke" (in modern Dutch "duifje" means "little dove"), was the mistress to Christian II of Denmark.

Dyveke was a commoner, the daughter of the Dutch merchant Sigbrit Willoms, who lived in Bergen in Norway. Dyveke became the mistress to Christian II in 1507 or 1509. They met in Bergen, and Christian took Dyveke with him to Oslo, where he was regent, and to Copenhagen, when he became king in 1513. Their relationship has been the inspiration of many poets but in fact little is known about it. The mother of Dyveke, Sigbrit, acted as an advisor to the king, which was much disliked, especially by the nobility, and every effort was therefore made to separate Dyveke and Christian, which would ensure the departure also of Sigbrit from the court. Whether Dyveke herself had any political influence is unknown.
Though Christian married Isabella of Austria and had her crowned in 1515, he refused to end his relationship with Dyveke. This created tension between him and his brother-in-law, the future Emperor Charles V. In 1516, the Emperor demanded that Dyveke and her mother would be sent away, but Christian refused.

Dyveke died in the summer of 1517, possibly by eating poisoned cherries. Her death led to the execution of nobleman Torben Oxe but his guilt has never been proved, and both an initiative by the court of the Emperor Maximilian I or even an accidental poisoning have been suggested as an explanation. Her mother Sigbrit went on to become Christian II's financial advisor. Nothing is recorded for Sigbrit after 1523 although one assumption has her imprisoned for witchcraft, dying in 1532.

References
 Dansk Biografisk Leksikon, vol. 4, Copenhagen 1980 (in Danish)
 Sigbrits Bålferd, Haff Bergljiot Håbæk
 http://www.kvinfo.dk/side/597/bio/625/origin/170/ (in Danish)

1490 births
1517 deaths
Mistresses of Danish royalty
16th-century Norwegian people
16th-century Norwegian women
16th-century Danish people
16th-century Danish women

Dyveke Sigbritsdatter


جاسم الصالح (13 يوليو 1936  - 3 ديسمبر 2009)، ممثل كويتي، وهو الشقيق الأكبر للممثل أحمد الصالح. بدأ حياته الفنية في عام 1966 عندما شارك في مسرحية كازينو أم عنبر، وكان قد انتسب «لفرقة المسرح الشعبي» بتاريخ 22 فبراير 1965.

دخوله الفن
دخل إلى المجال الفني عن طريق الصدفة، حيث كان يوصل الغداء لأخيه أحمد الصالح في المسرح الشعبي ظهر كل جمعة، وأصبح يتردد على المسرح بشكل مستمر، حتى طلب منه عبد الرحمن الضويحي أن يشارك في مسرحية كازينو أم عنبر.

أعماله

من المسرحيات

من المسلسلات

في السينما

تكريمه
في عام 2008 قام مجلس أمناء مهرجان محمد عبد المحسن الخرافي للإبداع المسرحي بتكريمة.

روابط خارجية

المراجع

ممثلون كويتيون في القرن 20
ممثلون كويتيون في القرن 21
مواليد 1355 هـ
مواليد 1936
وفيات 1430 هـ
وفيات 2009
وفيات السرطان في الكويت
وفيات بسبب السرطان

جاسم الصالح


Fundación del Club

Orígenes
Por el año 1909 había en Junín varios clubes barriales, conjugando el fervor futbolístico desatado en el país.
En uno de ellos, llamado 17 de Mayo, jugaban Sebastián Pincetti, Oscar Bazzano entre otros.
En el restante, denominado Belgrano, también conocido por el club de los Behety, se lucían Juan Behety, Juan Martínez, Pedro De Benedetto, A. Giménez, O. Ugarte, Dionisio Maldes, A. Amadei,  Wellington y Dávila Luque.
El equipo de 17 de Mayo se entrenaba en la quinta de Juan Ángel, mientras que el elenco de Belgrano lo hacía en la quinta de Díaz.
En 1910, año del Centenario, los dos clubes optaron por fusionarse, con el firme objeto de darle batalla deportiva a los ingleses, jugadores que provenían de la actividad ferroviaria. La entidad tomó el nombre de Argentino.

Nacimiento
Una vida efímera tuvo Argentino, ya que al año siguiente ese mismo grupo se decidió a fundar un club  con  todas las de la ley, según señala la historia. Esa misma historia, de la que no se tiene documentación fehaciente, pero sí certeza absoluta, dice que fueron ocho muchachos los que encabezaron el sueño de la entidad: Horacio Metetiere, Luis Bernardino Negreti, José Buono, Juan Behety, Sebastián Pincetti, Angel  Pérez,  Orlando Amelio y José De Césari. ¿La fecha de la célebre reunión? El 11 de abril de 1911.

Elección del nombre
Posteriormente, se realizó otra charla entre estos amigos, ahora con un objetivo trascendental: ponerle nombre a la ilusión, a la esperanza,
a las ganas de tener ese club con todas las de la ley. Angel Pérez propuso denominarlo Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, como homenaje al gran maestro sanjuanino y, en especial, por su pasada vinculación con Junín. Tras pensamientos coincidentes de los presentes, se optó por llamarlo Sarmiento Football Club.
El club comenzó con unos 40 o 50 futbolistas (en rigor, socios fundadores), que la investigación histórica no nombra concretamente. Entre ellos, apenas se inscriben estos nombres :   Leonidas Seabeaga, Alfredo Lavorel, Hilario Magallanes, Miguel Bannon, Simón Behety y Pedro De
Benedetto.

Lugar emblemático
La reunión donde se originó el nacimiento de Sarmiento se realizó en la vieja casa paterna de Juan Behety, un crack por excelencia, propiedad de sus padres: los esposos Simón Behety y María Barcelona de Behety. La residencia estaba ubicada en Winter y Juan B. Alberdi (ex Córdoba).
Así es como la casona de los Behety se transformó, con el correr de los años, en el bastión donde se asentó el  nacimiento del glorioso Sarmiento

Primer partido
En el mismo mes de su nacimiento, la entidad verde disputó su primer encuentro futbolístico. Se presentó en Rojas, cayendo frente al equipo local por 5 a 4. Allí comenzó la historia deportiva del club.

Debut en torneos
Sarmiento también tuvo su primera incursión en un campeonato por equipos, que se llamó Trofeo Monterrey, ganado por el Club Atlético Buenos Aires al Pacífico.

Primer trofeo
Tal como había ocurrido un año antes, Sarmiento volvió a participar en un campeonato junto con los mismos invitados de 1911. Es decir, B.A.P. (con dos conjuntos), Club Junín (por entonces Gimnasia y Esgrima). En la presente ocasión, estuvo en disputa la copa que se llamó Bromuro, en virtud de la gentil donación que ent regó Pedro Casserley, un deportista íntegro de esa época, que estuvo al lado de las grandes manifestaciones del deporte con su innata caballerosidad.

Definición del torneo
El torneo resultó muy disputado.  B.A.P., que era el candidato a raíz de su victoria
del año anterior, cayó ante Sarmiento con sus dos equipos: 2 a 0 y 3 a 1. Tras otros encuentros, quedaron para definir el certamen los conjuntos de Sarmiento y uno de B.A.P.. El elenco verde, en formidable actuación, goleó al cuadro ferroviario por 3 a 0, con goles de Juan Behety, Sebastián Pincetti y Wanza.
Con respecto a Wanza, es interesante apuntar que luego sería ampliamente conocido como linesman oficial durante prolongadas temporadas y figura destacada de la historia de Sarmiento.

Protagonistas
Estos fueron los hombres que conquistaron el trofeo: Alfredo Lavorel, Vicente Martignoni, Leonidas Seabeaga, Hilario Magallanes, Pedro De Benedetto, L. Lacurti, Juan Martínez, P. Lucero, Domingo Gerosa, Simón Behety y Sebastián Pincetti.

Club Atlético Sarmiento (Junín)
Historia de equipos de fútbol de Argentina

Historia del Club Atlético Sarmiento (Junín)


L'Inde participe aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1948 qui se déroulent à Londres en Angleterre. Il s'agit de sa septième participation à des Jeux d'été. La délégation indienne est composée de 79  athlètes, tous masculins, qui concourent dans 9 sports. Comme en 1936, les hockeyeurs indiens apportent à leur pays le titre olympique en Hockey sur gazon. Une médaille d'or obtenue après une assez large victoire en finale sur l'équipe britannique (4 buts à 0).

Tous les médaillés

Articles connexes
 Jeux olympiques d'été de 1948
 Inde aux Jeux olympiques

Sources
  Tous les résultats de 1948 le site du Comité international olympique
  Bilan sportif complet de l'Inde sur le site olympedia.org

Liens externes
  Inde aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1948 sur SR/Olympic sports
   Site officiel du comité olympique indien

1948
Délégation aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1948
1948 en Inde

Inde aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1948


Kreiken ist ein Einschlagkrater am östlichen Rand der Mondvorderseite.
Das Gebiet ist aufgrund dieser Lage von der Erde aus wenn überhaupt, dann nur stark verzerrt sichtbar.
Der Krater liegt südlich des Mare Smythii, südöstlich des Kraters Kästner und nordöstlich von Ansgarius.
Er ist unregelmäßig geformt und stark erodiert.

Der Krater wurde 1973 von der IAU nach dem 1964 gestorbenen niederländischen Astronomen Egbert Adriaan Kreiken offiziell benannt.

Weblinks

 Kreiken auf The-Moon Wiki

Einschlagkrater (Mond)

Kreiken (Mondkrater)


Baudenkmäler nach Ortsteilen

Otzing

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Arndorf

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Asenhof

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Haunersdorf

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Kleinweichs

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Lailling

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Siehe auch
 Liste der Bodendenkmäler in Otzing

Anmerkungen

Literatur

Weblinks

!
Otzing
Baudenkmaler Otzing

Liste der Baudenkmäler in Otzing


Vsevolod Mihajlovič Abramovič (rus. Всеволод Михайлович Абрамович, 1887. – 1913.), ruski pilot i konstruktor zrakoplova iz razdoblja stvaranja ruskog zrakoplovstva.

Usavršio je biplan na kojemu je postigao mnoge svjetske i državne rekorde. S jednim je putnikom 1912. godine preletio je 1500 km između Berlina i Sankt-Peterburga. U opis tog leta naslovljenom Moj let iz Berlina u Peterburg, 1912. (Мой перелёт из Берлина в петербург, 1912.), ukazao je na probleme letenja na dugim relacijama i   Poginuo je tijekom školskog leta u Njemačkoj, 1913. godine.

Literatura

 "Abramovič Vsevolod", U: Vojna enciklopedija, sv. 1., Beograd: Izdanje redakcije Vojne enciklopedije, 1970., str. 4.

Oružane snage Rusije
Ruski konstruktori zrakoplova
Zrakoplovci
Zrakoplovstvo u Rusiji

Vsevolod Abramovič


Den lille Hornblæser er en dansk stumfilm fra 1909 med instruktion og manuskript af Eduard Schnedler-Sørensen. Filmen er baseret på H.P. Holsts digt af samme navn fra 1849.

Handling

Medvirkende
 Christel Holch - Christian, "den lille hornblæser"
 Frede Skaarup - Feltlægen
 Gunnar Helsengreen - Jens Daglykke
 Aage Bjørnbak
 Aage Schmidt
 Kai Lind

Eksterne henvisninger

Stumfilm fra Danmark
Danske film fra 1909

Den lille Hornblæser


L'Interstate 77 en Virginie est un segment de l'Interstate 77 (I-77), autoroute inter-États nord-sud située dans l'Est des États-Unis, compris à l'intérieur des frontières de l'État de la Virginie. Dans son parcours à travers le pays, l'Interstate 77 traverse cinq États, reliant la Caroline du Sud (Columbia) à l'Ohio (Cleveland). En Virginie, l'autoroute passe dans une région plutôt isolée du Sud-Ouest de l'État. ELle franchit plusieurs lignes de montagnes des Appalaches, et possède notammment deux tunnels franchissant permettant de franchir ces montagnes. Elle possède une longueur de 107 kilomètres dans l'État (66 miles), soit la plus courte distance intra-État de l'Interstate 77.

Tracé

L'extrémité sud de l'I-77 en Virginie se situe au niveau de la frontière avec la Caroline du Nord, 10 miles (16 km) au Nord-Ouest de Mount Airy. À ce point, l'Interstate 74 se termine (dans sa section Sud-Est), laissant place à seulement l'Interstate 77. Dès les premiers miles dans l'État, une longue côte au pied des Appalaches (séparation entre la région des Appalaches et du Piedmont) est présente, pour atteindre la passe de Fancy Gap près du mile 10. À une altitude de , il s'agit de la plus haute altitude de l'Interstate 77 sur l'entièreté de son tracé.

Ensuite, l'Interstate 77 passeau sud-ouest de Hillsville, tout en descendant légèrement. Le territoire demeure isolé, montagneux et valloneux dans la région, et au mile 24, elle passe à l'Ouest de Poplar Camp. Sept miles (11 km) au Nord, elle atteint l'Interstate 81, avec laquelle elle forme un chevauchement pendant 9 miles (14 km) en se dirigeant vers l'Ouest. À Wytheville, l'Interstate 77 se sépare du tracé de l'I-81 en se dirigeant à nouveau vers le Nord-Nord-Ouest. Les crêtes principales des Appalaches, axées est-ouest, sont traversées par l'autoroute au moyen de tunnels ou de passes naturelles. Suivant de près le tracé de la U.S. Route 52, qui peut lui servir d'alternative en cas de fermeture, elle parcourt le bas territoire entre les montagnes en passant près de Bland et de Rocky Gap, puis se termine à la frontière avec la Virginie-Occidentale, dans le tunnel East River Mountain, environ 8 miles (13 km) à l'est de Bluefield.

Historique
C'est en 1972 que l'I-77 vu le jour en Virginie, avec le tout premier tronçon construit entre l'I-81 et la US-52 au Nord de Bland, incluant le tunnel Big Walker Mountain. En 1975, l'autoroute fut prolongée vers le Nord jusqu'à la frontière avec la Virginie-Occidentale, en y incluant la construction du tunnel East River Mountain. Au Sud de l'I-81, l'autoroute fut construite par phases entre la Caroline du Nord et l'I-81 progressivement du Sud au Nord, pour atteindre Fancy Gap en juin 1977, puis jusqu'à Poplar Camp en décembre 1977, et finalement jusqu'à l'I-81 en 1978. La section de l'I-77 dans les environs de Fancy Gap a été le lieu de nombreux accidents mortels, principalement en lien avec les mauvaises conditions météorologiques prévalentes dans les montagnes (brouillard et vent, notamment). En novembre 2010, deux personnes ont péri dans un carambolage impliquant 75 véhicules. Le 31 mars 2013, c'est un autre carambolage suivant une série de 17 accrochages qui s'est produit, impliquant 95 véhicules et tuant 3 personnes. Un autre carambolage en 2013 a résulté en la mort d'une personne.

Configurations

Disposition des voies
Hormis le chevauchement avec l'Interstate 81, qui possède 6 voies (3-3), l'Interstate 77 en Virginie possède 2 voies dans chaque direction, soit la configuration typique des autoroutes rurales.

Chevauchement avec l'Interstate 81
Le chevauchement entre les Interstates 77 et 81 est particulier dans la mesure où il est un chevauchement croisé à direction opposées. En effet, les directions sont contraires entre les Interstates 77 et 81 sur ce segment (soit la I-77 nord et I-81 sud dans une direction, et la I-77 sud et la I-81 nord dans l'autre). Le chevauchement extensif implique également les U.S. Routes 11 et 52, un autre chevauchement à direction opposées.

Aires de service
Des centres d'information touristiques avec services sont présents aux entrées de l'État, près des frontières (au mile 0 en direction nord et au mile 61 en direction sud). Une aire de repos avec services limités est présente en direction nord au mile 59, et en direction sud au mile 32, sur le chevauchement avec l'I-81.

Architecture
La construction de l'Interstate 77 à travers les Appalaches a nécessité des arrangements et des constructions particulières. La première est la côte près de Fancy Gap, qui grimpe plus de 300 mètres sur une distance d'environ 8 miles (13 km) pour franchir le flanc de montagnes. La deuxième est le Big Walker Mountain Tunnel, un tunnel long de 1,29 km (0,8 mile), près du mile 48, ayant permis de réduire le temps de conduite de 30 minutes entre Bland et Wytheville, au coût de $ 50 millions USD. La troisième est le East River Mountain Tunnel, long de 1,65 km (1,03 mile), permettant de passer sous la chaîne de montagnes du même nom, franchissant la frontière Virginie–Virginie-Occidentale située presque au centre exact du tunnel. Au coût de $ 40 millions USD, le tunnel a permis de significativement améliorer les conditions de transport dans la région, avec la vieille route (ancienne U.S. Route 52, maintenant route 598 de Virginie) étant une route dangereuse avec fortes courbes qui devait être souvent fermée lors des mois d'hiver. Il s'agit de l'un de des seuls tunnels franchissant une frontière entre deux États, l'autre étant le tunnel Cumberland Gap dans l'extrême Ouest de la Virginie.

Liste des échangeurs

Liste des villes traversées

 Lambsburg
 Fancy Gap
 Hillsville
 Poplar Camp
 Fort Chiswell
 Wytheville
 Bland
 Bastian
 South Gap
 Rocky Gap

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

77
Virginie
Route en Virginie

Interstate 77 (Virginie)


උ
Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (Solanaceae) and a stimulant drug. It is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist. It is made in the roots and accumulates in the leaves of the plants.
It constitutes approximately 0.6–3.0% of the dry weight of tobacco and is present in the range of 2–7 µg/kg of various edible plants.
It functions as an antiherbivore chemical; consequently, nicotine was widely used as an insecticide in the past

නිකොටින්


Vučja planina  je planina u Bosni i Hercegovini, na prostoru središnje Bosne. Smještena je između Teslića i Zenice. Najveći vrh nalazi se na 1378 metara nadmorske visine. U biti je ona planinska visoravan. S obzirom na položaj bojišnice na ovoj planini u ratu u BiH 1990-ih, površine su djelimice minirane i nije sigurno kretanje ovom planinom.

Izvori

Planine u Bosni i Hercegovini

Vučja planina


Sândominic (en hongrois: Csíkszentdomokos) est une commune roumaine du județ de Harghita, dans le Pays sicule (aire ethno-culturel et linguistique), dans la région historique de Transylvanie. Elle est composée d'un seul village du même nom.

Démographie
Lors du recensement de 2011, 96,66 % de la population se déclarent hongrois, 1,35 se déclarent roms, 1,58 % des habitants déclarent appartenir à une autre ethnie et 0,39 % ne déclarent pas s'appartenance ethnique.

Politique

Personnalités

 Áron Márton, (1896-1980), évêque catholique hongro-roumain.

Lien externe
  Site de la commune

Notes et références

Commune dans le județ de Harghita
Localité à majorité hongroise en Roumanie

Sândominic


Mickelopteris, monotipski rod papratnjača, dio potporodice Cheilanthoideae. Jedina vrsta je M. cordata, rasprostranjena po tropskoj Aziji, od Indije do Tajvana i Filipina

Sinonimi
 Acrostichum ramentaceum Roxb.
 Gymnogramma sagittata (Fée) Ettingsh.
 Hemionitis cordata Roxb. ex Hook. & Grev.
 Hemionitis cordifolia Roxb. ex Bedd.
 Hemionitis cordifolia Roxb. ex Wall.
 Hemionitis cumingiana Fée
 Hemionitis hastata R.Br. ex Wall.
 Hemionitis intermedia Fée
 Hemionitis sagittata Fée
 Hemionitis toxotis Trevis.
 Hemionitis trinervis Buch.-Ham. ex Dillwyn
 Parahemionitis cordata (Roxb. ex Hook. & Grev.) Fraser-Jenk.

Izvori

Cheilanthoideae
Flora Azije

Mickelopteris


පවුල පිළිබද නිර්වචන
විවාහක ස්ත‍්‍රීය ඇගේ ස්වාමි පුරුෂයා සහ ඔවුන්ට දාව උපදින දරුවන්ගෙන් යුතු කුඩාම ඒකකය පවුල නම් වේ.

පවුල් වර්ග
ඵ් පිළිදබඳව වර්ගීකරණ  කිහිපයක් පෙන්වා දිය හැකිය.
විවාහය මත පදනම් වෙමින්(On the basis of Marriags)  පවුල් වර්ග කිරීම.
බහු ස්ත‍්‍රී පවුල / බහු භාර්යා පවුල
බහු පුරුෂ පවුල / බහු සැමි පවුල
ඒක බිරිද - එක සැමි පවුල / එක පන්ති ව‍්‍රත පවුල

පදිංචි ස්වභාවය පදනම් කර ගනිමින් පවුල වර්ග කිරිම.
 මාතෘ වාසික පදිංචි පවුල
පිතෘ වාසික පදිංචි පවුල
නව්‍ය වාසික පදිංචි පවුල

අවරෝහණ ක‍්‍රමය පදනම් කර ගනිමින් පවුල වර්ග කිරීම.
මව් රේඛිය පවුල
පිය රේඛිය පවුල

විවාහයේ ඵෙතිහාසික පසුබිම සැලකිල්ලට ගැනීමේ දී පැරණි සාම්ප‍්‍රදායික හා නූතන සංකීර්ණ සමාජවල  විවාහයේ ස්වරූපය හා හැඩය වෙනස් බව පෙනී යයි. ඊට හේතුව විවාහය සමාජ, සංස්කෘතික හා ආගමික
පදනමක් මත ක‍්‍රියාත්මක වන හෙයිනි. ඒ ඒ සමාජ සන්දර්භයට  අනුව විවාහය ද හැඩ ගැසි අත. මේ හේතුවෙන් මානව වර්ධනයේ ප‍්‍රධාන අදියර තුනකට ගැලපෙන විවාහ ක‍්‍රම තුනක් ''ෆෙඞ්රික් එංගල්ස්'' (1820-1895) ''පවුල, පෞද්ගලික දේපළ හා රජය ඇති වූ සැටි'' නම් ග‍්‍රන්ථයේ පෙන්වා දී ඇත. වනචාරී මිනිසාට සමූහ විවාහයත්, වැදි මිනිසාට ලිහිල් විවාහයත්, ශිෂ්ට මිනිසාට ඒක පන්ති ව‍්‍රතයත් සහ අනියම් සහකාර සේවනය හා ගණිකා වෘත්තියන් යනුවෙනි. අඩු වැඩි වශයෙන් මේ විවාහ ක‍්‍රම තුන මිනිස් සංවර්ධනයේ ප‍්‍රධාන අදියර තුනට අනුරූප වේ.
මානව පරිණාමයේ මිනිසා ඒක පන්ති ව‍්‍රතයට ඇබ්බැහි වන්නේ වනචාරී යුගයේ අවසාන භාගයේ දී ය.
ඵෙතිහාසික ලෙසින් සලකා බලන කල ඒක පන්ති ව‍්‍රතය වනාහි අවුරුදු තුන්දහසක ඉතිහාසයට ලබාදුන් මිනිසා විසින් ඉදිරියට තබන ලද පියවරකි. එහි අවසාන ප‍්‍රතිඵලය ලෙස විවාහක කාලය තුළ ස්ත‍්‍රී කුසෙහි පිළිසිඳ ගත් දරුවාගේ පියා ඇගේ ''සැමියා'' යනුවෙන් හැඳින්වීම සිදු වේ.

විවාහය අර්ථ දැක්වීම
විවාහය පිළිදබඳ සෑහීමට පත්විය හැකි අර්ථකථනයක් දීමේ දුෂ්කරතාව පිළිබඳව සමාජ හා මානව විද්‍යාඥයින් අවධාරණය  කර ඇත. ඊට හේතුව ඒ ඒ  සමාජවල විවාහය සඳහා කලින් කලට විවිධ ක‍්‍රම අනුගමනය කිරීමත් එකම කාල පරිච්ඡේදයක් තූළ වුවත් සමාජ දෙකක විවාහ ක‍්‍රමය සමාන නොවන අවස්ථා ඇති බැවිනි.
පිරිමියෙකු හා ගැහැණියෙක අතර සිදුවන පිළිගත් නීත්‍යානුකූල ලිංගික සබඳතාව විවාහය ලෙස සරලම අර්ථයෙන් සැලකිය හැකිය. එය ලිංගික සබඳතාවයට අවශ්‍ය වන පිළිගත් නීත්‍යානුකූල බව නීතියෙන් හෝ අදාළ
සමාජයේ සදාචාරය හා සංස්කෘතිය තුළින් ලැබිය හැකිය. එය නූතන දියුණු සමාජයේ විවාහය නිසි පරිදි ලියාපදිංචි කර ගිවිස ගැනීමෙන් කතෝලික දේවස්ථානයක, හින්දු කෝවිලක නිශ්චත කටයුතු කිරිමෙන් ඇති
වේ.මින් අදහස් වන්නේ නූතන සමාජය තුළ දෙපාර්ශ්වය ඇතුලත් වී ඇති ''නෛතික ගිවිසුමක්'' විවාහය යනුවෙන් අදහස් කර ඇති බවයි.

විවාහය පිළිදබඳව සමාජ හා මානව විද්‍යාඥයන් දක්වන ලද නිර්වචන
බි‍්‍රතාන්‍ය මානව විද්‍යා සංගමයේ ප‍්‍රකාශනයක් වන"Notes and Quarriws(1951)" හි විවාහය  පහත පරිදි අර්ථ දක්වයි.

''විවාහය යනු එක් මිනිසෙකු හා එක් ගැහැණියෙක අතර ඇති වන සම්බන්ධතාවයේ ප‍්‍රතිඵලය ලෙස ගැහැණියබිහි කරන දරුවන් නීත්‍යානුකූල යැයි සමාජය පිළිගැනීම හා ඒ දරුවන් දෙමාපිය දෙදෙනාගේම යැයි සමාජය පිළිගැනීමයි''.
'Gough Eathlee-1993'

මෙම නිර්වචනය තුළ අවධාරණය වන ප‍්‍රධාන කරුණු දෙකකි.
විවාහය එක් මිනිසෙකු හා එක් ගැහැණියෙක අතර ඇතිවන සම්බන්ධතාවයකි.
ඒ සම්බන්ධතාවයෙන් බිහිවන දරුවන් දෙමාපිය දෙදෙනාගේම යැයි සමාජය පිළිගැනීම.

මෙම නිර්වචනය මගින් ඒක විවාහ (Monogamy) පමණක් සැලකිල්ලට ලක් කර ඇත. විවාහය පිළිදබඳ ඉදිරිපත් වූ මෙබදු නිර්වචන හා ඒවයේ ගැටලූ සලකා බැලූ ''කැත්ලීන් හොග්'' නම් මානව විද්‍යාඥවරිය 'විවාහය'
පහත අයුරින් නැවත අර්ථ දක්වා ඇත. ''එක් ස්ත‍්‍රියක් හෝ එක් පුරුෂයකු හෝ පුරුෂයන් කිහිපදෙනෙකු හෝ සමඟ සම්බන්ධතා ගොඩනගා ගැනීම තුළින් සමාජය පිළිගත් දරුවන් ලබා ගැනීමයි.''''
'Gough Eathlee-1993'

මෙහිදී ස්ත‍්‍රිය සම්බන්ධතා පවත්වන පුරුෂයා හෝ පුරුෂයන් අදාළ සමාජයේ ඥාති මූලධර්ම විසින් විවාහයට සුදුසු යැයි අනුමත කොට තිබිය යුතු වේ.
මෙම නිර්වචනය මගින් බහු පුරුෂ විවාහය අවධාරණය කර ඇත. නමුත් මේ නිර්වචනයෙන් බහු භාර්යා සේවනය පිළිදබඳ කතා කර නැත.

'ඒ.ආර්.රැඩ්ක් ලීෆ් බ‍්‍රවුන්' නම් මානව විද්‍යාඥයා විවාහය පිළිබඳව නිර්වචනයක් ඉදිරිපත් කරමින්,
''විවාහය සමාජ ව්‍යුහය  නැවත සකස්කිරීමේ මාධ්‍යයකි''යැයි දක්වයි.
'Radclifee brown-1950'

මේ නිර්වචනයට ද සෑම සමාජයකම සිදුවන විවාහ යටත් කළ නොහැකි ය.
විවාහයට නිර්වචනයක් ඉදිරිපත් කිරීමේ ප‍්‍රායෝගික ගැටලූ සලකා බැලූ 'එඞ්මන්ඞ් ලීඞ්' "Potyandry: Inheritance and the Definition of Marriage" විසින්   නම් ලිපිය මගින් විවාහය තුළ අඩංගු
ලක්‍ෂණ දහයක් පෙන්වා දී ඇත. ඒවා නම්,
ගැහැණියගේ දැරුවන්ට නීත්‍යානුකූල පියෙක් ලැබීම.
පුරුෂයාගේ දරුවන්ට නීත්‍යානුකූල මවක් ලැබීම.
ස්ත‍්‍රියගේ ලිංගික ඒකාධිකාරය පුරුෂයාට ලැබීම.
පුරුෂයාගේ ලිංගික ඒකාධිකාරය ස්ත‍්‍රියට ලැබීම.
ස්ත‍්‍රියගේ ගෘහස්ථ හෝ අනෙකුත් ශ‍්‍රම සේවාවන්හි පූර්ණ / ඒකාධිකාරි අයිතියක් පුරුෂයාට ලැබීම.
පුරුෂයාගේ ගෘහස්ථ හෝ අනෙකුත් ශ‍්‍රම සේවාවන්හි පූර්ණ / ඒකාධිකාරි අයිතියක් ස්ත‍්‍රියට ලැබීම.
ස්ත‍්‍රියට දැනට අයත් දේපළ හෝ ඉදිරියේ දී තමන්ට ලැබීමට ඇති දේපළ පිළිදබඳ අයිතිය පුරුෂයාට දීම.
පුරුෂයා සතුව දැනට ඇති දේපළ හෝ ඉදිරියේ දී තමන්ට ලැබීමට ඇති දේපළ පිළිදබඳ අයිතිය ස්ත‍්‍රයට දීම.
විවාහයෙන් උපත ලබන දරුවාගේ යහපත වෙනුවෙන් හවුල්කාර/සාමූහික දේපළක් ගොඩනැංවීම.
පුරුෂයාගේ හා ස්ත‍්‍රියගේ සහෝදරයන් අතර සාමාජීය වශයෙන් සැලකිල්ලට ගන්නා ඥාතීන්ව සාම්‍යයක් ගොඩනැංවීම.
E.R.Leach-(1995)'

.ඊ.ඒ. වෙස්ටර් (1862-1939) විසින්"Histoty of Human Marriage(1901) නම් කෘතියේ පුරුෂයන් එක්
අයෙකු හෝ වැඩි ගණනක් සමඟ සමාජය අනුමත කරන ආකාරයේ සම්බන්ධතා පවත්වා නීත්‍යානුකූලව පිළිගත්
දරුවන් බිහි කිරීම විවාහය ලෙස අර්ථ දක්වයි.
Westermarch E.A.-(1901)

.මේ සියලූ නිර්වචන වලට අමතරව ''සෙරේනා නන්දා'' විවාහය මෙසේ අර්ථ දක්වයි.
''විවාහය යනු සමාජයක සිරිත් විරිත් නීති රීති වලින් නිර්මිත ඊට අනුව ගොඩනංවන ලද සුවිශේෂී සම්බන්ධතාවයක් වන අතර එහිදී වැඩිහිටි පුරුෂයා හා ස්ත‍්‍රීය අඹු සැමියන් ලෙස ලිංගික 	සම්බන්ධතා
පැවැත්වීමේ ප‍්‍රතිඵලයක් වශයෙන් දරුවන් ලබති. විවාහය ස්වාමිපුරුෂයා-භාර්යාව හා 	ඔවුනොවුන්ගේ දරුවන්ගෙන් සුසැදි ඥාතීත්ව සංවිධානයකි.''
Nanda s.-(1980)

විවාහයේ ආර්ථික කෘත්‍යයන්
දියුණු නොදියුණු  ඕනෑම සමාජයක දී විවාහය තුළ දෙපාර්ශ්වය අතර සිදුවන ආර්ථිකමය හුවමාරු
ක‍්‍රියාවලියක් දැකිය හැකිය.පොදුවේ සැලකීමේ දී විවාහයේ එවැනි ප‍්‍රධාන කෘත්‍යයන් තුනක් හඳුනාගත හැකිය.
අඹු මිල
අඹු කමුව
දෑවැද්ද
අඹු මිල
කිසියම් සමූහයක පිරිමියකු වෙත සමූහයකින් කාන්තාවක් විවාහ කර ගැනීමේ දී පිරිමියා විසින් කාන්තාවගේ
සමූහයට කරනු ලබන ගෙවීම අඹු මිල නමින් සංකල්ප කර ඇත.
අඹු මිල ගෙවීම බොහෝ විට දක්නට ලැබෙන්නේ තමන්ගේ සහකරු හෝ සහකාරිය තේරීමට සමූහයේ
සෙසු පුද්ගලයන්ගේ ද අනුමැතිය, කැමැත්ත, සහයෝගය ඇති සමාජවලයි. මෙම අඹු මිල ගෙවීම නිසා විවාහය
පුද්ගලයන් දෙදෙනෙකු අතරේ සිදුවන ''පෞද්ගලික ගිවිසුමක් නොව සමූහ දෙකක් අතරේ සිදුවන සාමූහික
ගිවිසුමක් බවට පත් වේ. එබැවින් අඹු මිල මගින් විවාහයට කල් පවත්නා පදනමක් වැටේ.

අඹු කමුව
පුරුෂයකු තමා විවාහ කර ගැනීමට අපේක්‍ෂිත තරුණියගේ පවුල් සමූහයේ යම් කාලයක් රැුදෙමින්
මනාලියගේ දෙමාපියන්ට සේවය කර, ඇය ලබා ගැනීම, 'අඹු කමුව' නම් වේ.
අඹු මිල ගෙවිය නොහැකි පිරිමින් සඳහා බිරිඳක් ලබා ගැනීමේ වෛකල්පිත ක‍්‍රමයක් ලෙස ද මෙය හැඳින්වේ.

දෑවැද්ද
විවාහයත් සමඟ යම් පුරුෂයෙකුට තම බිරිඳගෙන් හෝ එම පවුලෙන් ලැබෙන නිශ්චල චංචල දේපළ දෑවැද්ද
ලෙස සරලව අර්ථ දැක්විය හැක.ආසියානු කලාපයේ රටවල් අතරින් ද දකුණු ආසියාතික කලාපය තුළ දායාද ක‍්‍රමය ප‍්‍රබල සමාජ ප‍්‍රශ්නයක්ව පවතී.

සිංහල විවාහ වර්ග
 දීග විවාහය
ස්ත‍්‍රියක් සිය පියාගේ නිවසින් තම ස්වාමිපුරුෂයාගේ හා ඔහුගේ නෑදෑයින් සමඟ පදිංචි වීමට යාම දීග විවාහය යි. තරුණියක් විවාහ කර ගැනීමේ සාමාන්‍ය ක‍්‍රමය වූයේ මේ විවාහ ක‍්‍රමය යි.

 බින්න විවාහය
පුරුෂයා සිය විවාහක කාන්තාවගේ නෑදැයන් සමඟ පදිංචි වීමට යාම බින්න විවාහය යි. මේ විවාහ ක‍්‍රමය සිදුවූයේ ඉතාමත් සුළු වශයෙනි.

 නෑනා-මස්සිනා විවාහය
නෑනා-මස්සිනා විවාහය ඉන්දියා ආභාෂයෙන් අපට ලැබුණක් සේ සැලකේ. නෑකමින් නෑනැ-මස්සිනා වැන්නවුන් අතර විවාහය ඇවැස්ස විවාහය නම් වේ.

 බහු භාර්යා විවාහය
බහු භාර්යා සේවනයේ දී පුරුෂයන් සංඛ්‍යාව එකක් වන අතර ස්ත‍්‍රීන් ගණන එකකට වැඩි  ඕනෑම ප‍්‍රමාණයක් වේ.සිංහල සමාජයේ දක්නට වූ බහු භාර්යා විවාහයේ දී බහු බිරියන් සෑම විටම එකම පවුලේ සහෝදරියන් ය.

සබැදි පිටු
 පවුල

සමාජ සංස්ථා

පවුල හා විවාහය


A prova dos 100 metros nado borboleta masculino da natação no Campeonato Europeu de Esportes Aquáticos de 2022 ocorreu nos dias 13 e 14 de agosto no Foro Italico, em Roma na Itália.

Calendário

Recordes
Antes desta competição, os recordes eram os seguintes:

Medalhistas

Resultados

Eliminatórias
Esses foram os resultados das eliminatórias.

 Desempate
Uma prova extra foi realizada no dia 13 de agosto ás 10:16 para definir a última vaga a semifinal.

Semifinal
Esses foram os resultados das semifinais.

Final
Esse foi o resultado da final.

Ligações externas

 Site oficial da Liga Europeia de Natação

Campeonato Europeu de Esportes Aquáticos de 2022

Natação no Campeonato Europeu de Esportes Aquáticos de 2022 - 100 m borboleta masculino


10382 Hadamard este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi, denumit după matematicianul francez Jacques Hadamard.

Descriere
10382 Hadamard este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Prescott de Paul G. Comba. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,41 ua, o excentricitate de 0,20 și o înclinație de 5,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 10001-11000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1996
Centura de asteroizi
Asteroizi cu nume de oameni

10382 Hadamard


Ronald Erik "Sura-Pelle" Pettersson (* 16. April 1935 in Surahammar; † 6. März 2010 in Göteborg) war ein schwedischer Eishockeyspieler und -trainer. Auch als Fußballspieler war er erfolgreich.

Karriere
Ronald Pettersson begann seine Karriere als Eishockeyspieler in seiner Heimatstadt beim Surahammars IF, für dessen Profimannschaft er von 1952 bis 1955 in der Division 1, der damals höchsten schwedischen Spielklasse, sowie der zweitklassigen Division 2 aktiv war. Anschließend wechselte er zum Södertälje SK, mit dem er in der Saison 1955/56 auf Anhieb den nationalen Meistertitel gewann. Er selbsterhielt 1960 den Guldpucken als bester Spieler Schwedens. Nach fünf Jahren verließ er Södertälje und spielte von 1960 bis zu seinem Karriereende 1968 für den Schwedischen Meister mit Västra Frölunda IF, mit dem er in der Saison 1964/65 ebenfalls Schwedischer Meister wurde. Seine Rückennummer 14 wurde vom Frölunda HC gesperrt und wird an keinen anderen Spieler mehr vergeben.

Nach dem Ende seiner aktiven Karriere war Pettersson unter anderem als Nationaltrainer für die schwedische Nationalmannschaft sowie die Nationalmannschaft Norwegens tätig. 2004 wurde er in die IIHF Hall of Fame aufgenommen.

International
Für Schweden nahm Pettersson an den Olympischen Winterspielen 1956 in Cortina d'Ampezzo, 1960 in Squaw Valley und 1964 in Innsbruck teil. Bei den Winterspielen 1964 gewann er mit seiner Mannschaft die Silbermedaille. Zudem stand er im Aufgebot seines Landes bei den Weltmeisterschaften 1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1965, 1966 und 1967. Bei der WM 1965 gewann er mit seiner Mannschaft die Bronze-, bei den Weltmeisterschaften 1963 und 1967 die Silber- sowie bei den Weltmeisterschaften 1957 und 1962 die Goldmedaille. Als beste europäische Mannschaft wurde Schweden bei den WM-Erfolgen 1957 und 1962 ebenfalls Europameister.

Erfolge und Auszeichnungen

International

Fußball
In der Saison 1960 absolvierte Pettersson 13 Spiele in der Fotbollsallsvenskan, der höchsten schwedischen Spielklasse im Fußball, für den IFK Göteborg.

Weblinks
 Ronald Pettersson bei sok.se

Einzelnachweise

Eishockeynationalspieler (Schweden)
Eishockeyspieler (Frölunda HC)
Eishockeyspieler (Södertälje SK)
Eishockeynationaltrainer (Schweden)
Fußballspieler (IFK Göteborg)
Olympiateilnehmer (Schweden)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1956
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1960
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Winterspiele 1964
Europameister (Eishockey)
Weltmeister (Eishockey)
Schwedischer Meister (Eishockey)
Mitglied der IIHF Hall of Fame
Mitglied der Schwedischen Eishockey-Ruhmeshalle
Geboren 1935
Gestorben 2010
Mann
Schwede

Ronald Pettersson