Tatjana Gromača (Sisak, 17. srpnja 1971.) hrvatska je književnica. Dobitnica je nagrade Vladimir Nazor za najbolje prozno djelo. Knjige su joj prevedene na više stranih jezika.

Životopis
Rođena je u Sisku. Osnovnu školu i gimnaziju završava u rodnom gradu. Diplomirala je komparativnu književnost i filozofiju na Filozofskom fakultetu u Zagrebu. Do 2008. piše za Feral Tribune, uglavnom reportaže, književne oglede i druge tekstove s kulturnog i humanističkog područja. Od 2009. piše za Novi list. Od 2000. živi u Puli. Bila je stipendistica Akademije umjetnosti u Berlinu 2001.

Književnost
U književnosti se najprije javlja kao pjesnikinja. Zbirkom "Nešto nije u redu?" (2000.) pozicionira se kao pripadnica mlade generacije stvarnosnih pjesnika koja se u hrvatskoj književnosti formirala na prijelazu tisućljeća. Zbirka je prevedena na češki, slovenski i makedonski jezik, a izbor pjesama i na brojne druge jezike. Uvrštena je u vodeće antologije suvremenog hrvatskog pjesništva.

Prozi se okreće romanom "Crnac" (2004.), utemeljenom na odrastanju u Sisku i ratnom razdoblju u Zagrebu prve polovice 1990-ih. Po njemu je u Hrvatskom narodnom kazalištu Ivana Zajca u Rijeci 2009. postavljena nagrađivana predstava. "Bijele vrane: Priče iz Istre" (2005.) zbirka je reportaža prvotno objavljivanih u Feral Tribuneu. Reportaže naoko jednostavnog ishodišta bilježe bogat svijet istarske svakodnevnice, sačinjen od priča malih ljudi i malih događaja širom poluotoka. Knjiga je prevedena i na slovenski jezik. Roman "Božanska dječica" jedno je od najzapaženijih proznih ostvarenja domaće književnosti 2012. godine. Pisano ekonomičnim, sažetim stilom problematizira temu žene u društvu koje ne prihvaća one koje su drugačije.

Članica je Hrvatskog društva pisaca. Sudjeluje na predstavljanjima hrvatske književnosti u regiji i svijetu.

Djela
"Nešto nije u redu?", zbirka pjesama, 2000.
"Bijele vrane: Priče iz Istre", zbirka reportaža, 2005.
"Crnac", roman, 2004.
"Last & Lost" (koautorica), prvotno objavljeno u Njemačkoj 2006.
"Božanska dječica", roman, 2012.
"Ushiti, zamjeranja, opčinjenosti", zbirka kratkih priča/eseja, 2014.
"Bolest svijeta", roman, 2016.
"Carstvo nemoći", roman, 2017.

Nagrade
2012. Nagrada Vladimir Nazor Ministarstva kulture za roman "Božanska dječica"
2012. Nagrada Jutarnjeg lista za najbolje prozno djelo godine, za roman "Božanska dječica"

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Utjeha kaosa, Antologjia suvremenog hrvatskog pjesništva

 Hrvatski književnici

Tatjana Gromača


Jasaw Chan K'awiil I fue el rey de Tikal entre 682 y 734 d.C. en el periodo Clásico Tardío. Tikal, ubicado en el Petén de Guatemala,  fue una de las más grandes ciudades-estado de la civilización maya de la época. Antes de que los avances en el desciframiento de la escritura maya finalmente revelaron su nombre, era conocido como el "Gobernante A" (o bajo su sobrenombre Ah Cacao).

Vida
Jasaw Chan K'awiil fue uno de los más célebres gobernantes de Tikal y su reinado se inició al término de un periodo de receso de 130 años en la historia de Tikal. Su importante victoria sobre la ciudad rival de Calakmul en el año 695 marca el resurgimiento de la influencia de Tikal en la región.

Dos estructuras de Tikal en particular, están asociados con Jasaw Chan K'awiil. El Templo I es una pirámide escalonada clásica en el estilo de Petén que sirvió como tumba de este gobernante, aunque no está claro si fue construida para este propósito. Templo II sirvió como tumba para su esposa, "Señora Doce Guacamaya" que falleció en 704.

Después de su muerte fue sucedido por su hijo Yik'in Chan K'awiil.

Referencias
 Rulers of Tikal

Enlaces externos

Tikal
Reyes mayas de Tikal

Jasaw Chan K'awiil I


Orinocogås () er en andefugl, der lever ved Orinoco og i Amazonregnskoven.

Noter
 Avibase - the world bird database

Eksterne henvisninger

Ænder
Amazonas fugle
Guyanas fugle

Orinocogås


Nadine Tagliari Farias Anflor também conhecida como Delegada Nadine (Getúlio Vargas, ) é uma política brasileira filiada ao Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira (PSDB).

Carreira
Foi a primeira mulher a Chefiar a Polícia Civil do Estado em 180 anos de história da Instituição, no período de 2019 até início de 2022.

Delegada de Polícia há 18 anos, desde 2004 quando passou no concurso para função, Nadine foi titular da Delegacia da Mulher da Capital. Tornou-se a primeira mulher presidente da Associação dos Delegados de Polícia do Rio Grande do Sul, tendo sido eleita também presidente do Conselho Nacional de todos os Chefes de Policia do Brasil. Graduada em Direito pela Universidade de Passo Fundo.

Deputada Estadual
Nas eleições estaduais de 2022 foi eleita deputada estadual pelo PSDB, a uma cadeira na Assembleia Legislativa do Rio Grande do Sul para a 56ª legislatura (2023 — 2027) com 40.937 votos.

Naturais de Getúlio Vargas (Rio Grande do Sul)
Deputados estaduais do Rio Grande do Sul
Membros do Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira

Nadine Anflor


Lechnica este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Kežmarok din regiunea Prešov. Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 252 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Lechnica este atestată documentar din 1319.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Lechnica


Bangarang ist ein Lied des US-amerikanischen Electro, Dub- und Brostep-Produzenten Skrillex. Das Lied wurde erstmals am 16. Februar 2012 veröffentlicht und enthält Rap-Texte von Sirah. Das Lied kommt von Skrillex' gleichnamiger EP Bangarang.

Der Titel ist eine Anspielung auf den 1991 gedrehten Film Hook, in dem "Bangarang" der "Schlachtruf" der Lost Boys ist. Das Lied konnte in zwölf Ländern die Charts erreichen. Das Musikvideo wurde von Tony Truand gedreht und am 16. Februar 2012 erstmals auf YouTube veröffentlicht. In Australien konnte das Lied Platin-Status erreichen.

Kritik
Das Lied bekam in der Regel positive Bewertungen von Musik-Kritikern, einige sagten, es sei eines der herausragenden Stücke von der gleichnamigen EP.

Chartplatzierungen

Einzelnachweise

Lied 2012
Dubstep-Song
Skrillex-Lied
Lied von Skrillex

Bangarang (Lied)


Leo Boccardi (San Martino in Pensilis, província de Campobasso, Itália, 15 de abril de 1953) é um clérigo italiano, arcebispo católico romano e diplomata da Santa Sé.

Em 24 de junho de 1979, Leo Boccardi recebeu o sacramento da ordenação para a Diocese de Larino do Papa João Paulo II na Basílica de São Pedro. Ele recebeu seu doutorado em teologia católica.

Em 13 de junho de 1987, Leo Boccardi ingressou no serviço diplomático da Santa Sé. Trabalhou nas Nunciaturas Apostólicas em Uganda, Papua Nova Guiné e Bélgica e na Secretaria de Estado. João Paulo II conferiu-lhe o título honorário de Capelão de Sua Santidade (Monsenhor) em 8 de janeiro de 1990. Em 17 de março de 2001, João Paulo II o nomeou Observador Permanente da Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica (AIEA), da Organização para a Segurança e Cooperação na Europa (OSCE), da Organização das Nações Unidas para o Desenvolvimento Industrial (UNIDO) e do Escritório de Nações Unidas em Viena.

Em 16 de janeiro de 2007, o Papa Bento XVI o nomeou arcebispo titular de Bitettum e o nomeou núncio apostólico no Sudão. Em 30 de janeiro de 2007, o Papa Bento XVI o nomeou também Núncio Apostólico na Eritreia. A consagração episcopal que ele doou em 18 de março de 2007 Cardeal Secretário de Estado Tarcisio Bertone SDB no Santuário de São Pio da Pietrelcina em San Giovanni Rotondo; Os co-consagradores foram o Secretário para as Relações com os Estados da Secretaria de Estado do Vaticano, Arcebispo da Cúria Dominique Mamberti, e o Bispo de Termoli-Larino, Gianfranco De Luca.

Em 11 de julho de 2013, o Papa Francisco nomeou Boccardi Núncio Apostólico no Irã.

Em 11 de março de 2021, o Papa Francisco o nomeou Núncio Apostólico no Japão.

Ver também

Arcebispos católicos da Itália
Núncios apostólicos no Sudão
Núncios apostólicos na Eritreia
Núncios apostólicos no Irão
Núncios apostólicos no Japão

Leo Boccardi


Hüseyin Nuğman Kemal Menemencioğlu (1891, Bağdat, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu - 15 Şubat 1958, Ankara, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), Ağustos 1942 - Haziran 1944 tarihleri arasında Türkiye Dışişleri Bakanı, öncesinde ve sonrasında milletvekilliği ve büyükelçilik yapmış Türk diplomat ve siyasetçidir.

Hayatı
TBMM V. Dönem (Ara Seçim) Gaziantep Milletvekili (Hariciye Vekâleti Umûmî Kâtipliğine getirilmesi nedeni ile 1 Aralık 1937 tarihinde istifa), VI., VII. ve XI. Dönem İstanbul Milletvekilliği yaptı.

Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi'nde yaşamış, zamanla Adana ve çevresine yerleşerek bölgenin yönetiminde söz sahibi olan âyânlardan biri olmuş Menemencioğulları ailesindendir.  Osmanlı Devleti'nde son Meclis-i Ayan Reisliği yapmış olan Rifat Bey ile Namık Kemal'in kızı Feride Hanım'ın çocuğudur. Numan Menemencioğlu 1891 Bağdat doğumlu olmasına karşı nüfus cüzdanında 1893 yazılmıştır.

İptidai ve Rüştiye öğrenimini Selanik'te, Terakki öğrenimini İstanbul'da, İdadi öğrenimini Fransız For Lisesinde, Yüksek Tahsilini Lozan Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesinde yaptı. Arapça, Farsça, Fransızca ve Almanca öğrendi.

1914 yılında Viyana Sefareti III. Katibi, sonrasında II. Katibi, 1 Mart 1916 tarihinde Bern Sefareti maiyetine muvakkaten memur edildi. 2 Ocak 1920 tarihinde Bern Sefareti maiyetine memur edildi. İstanbul'un işgali üzerine bütün hariciye memurları gibi açıkta kaldı.

20 Ocak 1923 tarihinde Bern Sefareti II. Katipliğine, 16 Haziran 1923 tarihinde Bükreş Mümessilliği Başkatipliğine, 1 Kasım 1926 tarihinde Budapeşte Elçiliği Maslahatgüzarlığına, 14 Haziran 1927 tarihinde Beyrut Baş Şehbenderliğine, 1 Haziran 1928 tarihinde Hariciye Vekaleti I. Daire Umum Müdürlüğüne, 1 Haziran 1929 tarihinde I. Sınıf Elçi derece ve payesiyle Hariciye Vekaleti Müsteşarlığına, 11 Haziran 1933 tarihinde Büyükelçi unvanı ile Hariciye Vekaleti Katibi umumiliğine tayin ve 5 Nisan 1937 tarihinde yapılan bir ara seçimde 1 Aralık 1937 tarihine kadar Gaziantep Milletvekili ve Hariciye Vekaleti siyasi müsteşarı, siyasi müsteşarlıkların kaldırılması üzerine 2 Aralık 1937 tarihinden 9 Ağustos 1942 tarihine kadar ikinci defa Hariciye Katibi Umumisi oldu ve 10 Ağustos 1942 tarihinden 15 Haziran 1944 tarihine kadar Şükrü Saraçoğlu hükûmetlerinde Dışişleri Bakanlığı yaptı. Bakanlığı döneminde Nazi Almanyası'nın kollanmasına ve Türkiye'ye saldırmasının önlenmesine dayalı dış politika ile özdeşleşti.

30 Kasım 1944 tarihinde Paris Büyükelçiliğine tayin oldu. Bu görevine ek olarak 13 Haziran 1949 tarihinde Lizbon Elçiliği görevini de üstlendi (1952 yılına kadar). 1956 Kasım ayında emekliye ayrıldı. 1957 seçimlerinde Demokrat Parti'den İstanbul Milletvekili seçildi.

15 Şubat 1958 tarihinde öldü.

Kaynakça

1891 doğumlular
1958 yılında ölenler
TBMM 5. dönem Gaziantep milletvekilleri
TBMM 6. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 7. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
TBMM 11. dönem İstanbul milletvekilleri
Lozan Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
Menemencioğlu ailesi
Türkiye Dışişleri Bakanlığı müsteşarları
Bağdat doğumlular
Cebeci Asri Mezarlığı'na defnedilenler
VikiProje Tarih kaynak bekleyen maddeler
Ankara'da ölenler
Demokrat Parti (1946) mensubu siyasetçiler
20. yüzyıl Türk siyasetçileri

Numan Menemencioğlu


An Calamagrostis badzhalensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni N.S. Probatova. An Calamagrostis badzhalensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Calamagrostis, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Calamagrostis

Calamagrostis badzhalensis


|- bgcolor="#eeeeee" align=center
! colspan="4" | Natjecatelj za  Hrvatska

Martin Marić (Beograd, 19. travnja 1984.), hrvatski atletičar.

Natjecao se na Olimpijskim igrama 2008. u bacanju diska, a osvojio je 29. mjesto. U istoj je disciplini na OI 2012. osvojio 17. mjesto.

Na Mediteranskim igrama 2013. je osvojio zlatnu medalju u bacanju diska.

Član je splitskog ASK-a.

Izvori

Hrvatski bacači diska
Športaši iz Beograda
Atletika u Splitu
Hrvatski atletičari olimpijci

Martin Marić


En Metzenbaumsaks  er en kirurgisk saks beregnet til at klippe i fint væv. Saksen kommer i forskællige længder og skaftet er væsentligt længer end bladet. De er lavet af rustfrit stål og selve bladet kan være lavet af wolframcarbid. Bladet kan både være kurvet eller lige. Spisen er som regel stump. De bruges oftest til til operationer i organer herunder i hjertet.

Etymologi
Navnet  Metzenbaum kommer fra designeren, Myron Firth Metzenbaum (1. april 1876  25. januar 1944), en amerikansk kirurg som var specialist i mund- og rekonstruktionskirurgi.

Galleri

Referencer

Medicinsk udstyr

Metzenbaumsaks


67 (سبعة وستين) هو عدد طبيعي فردي يلي العدد 66 ويسبق العدد 68.

في الرياضيات

في العلم

علم الفلك

في الموسيقى

غيرها من المجالات

في مجال الرياضة

وصلات خارجية

المصادر

أعداد صحيحة

67 (عدد)


Julia Verlinden (nascida a 18 de janeiro de 1979) é uma política alemã da Aliança 90/Os Verdes que serve como membro do Bundestag pelo estado da Baixa Saxónia desde 2017.

Carreira política
Verlinden tornou-se membro do Bundestag nas eleições federais alemãs de 2017. No parlamento, é membro da Comissão dos Assuntos Económicos e da Energia.

Desde 2021, Verlinden serve como vice-presidente do seu grupo parlamentar, sob a liderança das co-presidentes Britta Haßelmann e Katharina Dröge.

Ligações externas

Membros do Bundestag 2017-2021
Membros do Bundestag 2021-2025
Pessoas vivas
Nascidos em 1979
Mulheres da Alemanha na política
!Mais Teoria da História na Wiki (Mulheres)

Julia Verlinden


Karluklar (Çince: 葛逻禄 veya 葛邏祿; Géluólù, alışılmış sesçil Gelolu, Gelu, Khololo, Khorlo, Harluut), 766-1215 yılları arasında, Orta Asya'da varlığını sürdüren Türk boylarıdır. "Karluk" adı Arap kaynaklarında "حارلوق Harluk", Farsça eserlerde "حاللوه Halluh", Çin yıllıklarında ise "Géluólù" biçimlerinde kullanılmıştır. Kadim Türk  çağlarında Karluklara "Üç Oğuz" yani "Üçboy" da denilmiştir. Türkçe anlamı "karlık" (kar yığını) olan Karlukların Türk soyundan geldiği ve bir Gök-Türk boyu olduğu Çin kaynağında (T'ang-shu) belirtilmiş ve oturduğu saha olarak Altaylar'ın batısındaki Kara-İrtiş ve Tarbagatay havalisi gösterilmiştir. Karluklar burada üç kabileden kurulu bir birlik halinde bulunuyorlardı. Daha İstemi zamanında Türk hakimiyetinin Hazar'ın kuzeyi ve Maveraünnehir'e doğru genişlemesinde şüphesiz büyük rolleri vardır. 630-680 yılları arasında, diğer Türk boyları gibi kendi başlarına buyruk olarak zaman zaman Çin'e karşı geldikleri görülmektedir.

Onoklar soyundan gelen Karluklar Türgiş Devleti'ni bertaraf ederek Batı Türkistan'da devlet kurdular. Karluklar Talas Muharebesi'ne kadar Karluk Devleti olarak devam etti. Daha sonra Karahanlılar'a dönüştü. İslamiyeti kabul eden ilk Türk topluluğudur. Divân-ı Lügati't-Türk'te; "قرلق Karluk" "Göçebe Türklerden bir bölük adıdır. Oğuzlardan ayrıdırlar. Oğuzlar gibi Türkmen'dirler."

Karluk boylarının bilinen Tarihi

 665-681 bağımsız yaşama;
 682 Göktürklere katılma;
 745 Uygurlara katılma;
 766- 840 bağımsız;
 840 Karahanlılara katılma.
 1212-1300 beylik düzeyinde yaşama.

Karlukların tarihi

640-682 yılları
Kaynaklarda üç kabileye ayrılan Karluklar'ın ilk defa Altay Dağları'nın güney batısında ve Beşbalık'ın kuzey batısındaki topraklarda yaşadığı belirtilmektedir. 627 yılı dolaylarında Sir Tarduşlar'ın Doğu Göktürk Kağanlığı topraklarına göçüyle, onlardan boşalan Tanrı Dağları'nın kuzeyindeki Tarbagatay bozkırlarına Karluklar yerleşti. Daha sonra Batı Göktürk Kağanlığı'na isyan ederek kağanlığın zayıflamasına sebep oldular.

640 sıralarında Turfan'ın kuzeyine kayan Karluklar, Çinliler tarafından mağlup edilerek (650-654) P'ei-ting eyaleti (Tanrı Dağları'ın kuzey sahası)'ne bağlandılar. Fakat her kabile kendi reisinin kontrolü altında idi. Bu haberi veren Çin kaynakları, 665'e doğru tekrar toparlanan Karlukların Çin nüfusundaki ne Batı, ne Doğu Göktürk kanadına tabi olmaksızın yaşadıklarını kaydetmiştir. Bu dönemde devletin merkezi Balasagun idi. Önceden "Kül-Erkin" unvanını taşıyan Üç Karluk beyi bu tarihlerde "Yabgu" unvanını almış ve kuvvetli bir orduya sahip olmuştur. Daha sonra Kapgan Kagan tarafından II.Göktürk Kağanlığı'na bağlandığını gördüğümüz Karluklar, Çin'in teşvik ve tahriki ile Göktürk'lere karşı ayaklanarak şiddetli mücadelelerde bulunmuşlardır. Karluklar bir süre Göktürk Devleti'ne bağlı olarak varlıklarını sürdürdüler.

Karlukların Yıkılışı

Uzun bir süre Çin'e bağlı olarak yaşayan Karluklar'ın 682'den sonra yeni kurulan İkinci Doğu Göktürk Kağanlığı'na tabi olmuşlardır. 711 yılından sonra Kapgan Kağan idaresine başkaldıran Karluklar, 714'te Çin İmparatorluğu'na bağlılıklarını bildirdiler. 720 yılına kadar Karluklar ile Göktürkler arasında mücadele devam etti. Bilge Kağan'dan sonra Göktürkler'in gücünü yitirmeye başlamasından sonra Uygurlar, Basmıllar ve Karluklar birleşerek Göktürk yönetimiyle ortak mücadeleye giriştiler. Göktürk kağanını öldürdükten sonra Basmıllar'ın önderini kağan olarak seçtiler. 744 yılında da İkinci Doğu Göktürk Kağanlığı tamamen ortadan kaldırdılar. Aynı yıl Karluklar ve Uygurlar birleşerek Basmıllar'ın liderini öldürmüşler ve Uygur Kağanlığı kurulmuştur. Ancak 746-747 yıllarında Uygurlar'a saldıran Karluklar yenilgiye uğrayarak Türgişlere sığınmıştır. Takriben 759 yılına kadar bazen kendi başlarına, bazen de Basmıllar ve Türgişler ile birleşerek Uygurlar'a saldırsalar da yenilgiye uğratılmışlardır. 751 yılında gerçekleşen Talas Muharebesi'nde Abbâsîler'in yanında yer aldılar. 766 yılında, dağılan Türgişlerin önemli şehirlerini aldıktan sonra Batı Türkistan'da başkenti Balasagun olan bağımsız hakanlık kurdular. İlerleyen yıllarda Kaşgar ve Fergana gibi önemli şehirleri ele geçiren Karluklar, Oğuzlarla birlikte Peçenekler'i yenilgiye uğrattılar. 791 ila 812 yıllarında gerçekleşen savaşlarda Uygurlar'a yenilerek bir kısım topraklarını kaybettiler. İlerleyen yıllarda kuzeyden Kırgızlar, doğudan Uygular ve güneyden de Abbâsîler ile mücadele sonucu Karluklar 9. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren zayıflamaya başladı. 893 yılında Seyhun'un  doğusuna sefer düzenleyen Sâmânîler, Karluklar'ı ağır bir yenilgiye uğratarak Talas'ı ele geçirdi. Devamında Oğuzlar ve Yağmalarla savaşan Karluklar devleti, 943 yılında gerçekleşen Karahanlı saldırısında yıkıldı.

Karahanlıların kuruluşu

İlk Müslüman Türk devleti olan Karahanlılar'ın kuruluşunda rol oynadılar.Uygurların 840 yılında Kırgızlar tarafından yıkılmasıyla Uygurlara bağlı yaşayan Karluklar diğer Türk boyları ile birleşerek merkezi Balasagun olmak üzere Batı Türkistan'da Karahanlı devleti kuruldu. Devletin ismi kuvvetli "hükümdar" anlamına gelen Karahan unvanından gelmektedir. Devletin kurulma yıllarında İslamiyet Taşkent ve çevresinde yayılmaktaydı.

Moğol Egemenliği ve Beylik yılları

Devlet düzenini yıkan Moğollar sebebiyle, beylik düzeninde 1300'lü yıllara kadar gelebildiler. II. Arslan Han zamanında Cengiz Han'ın egemenliğini tanımışlardır. Cengiz'e itaat eden ilk Müslüman hükümdar olup, 1221'de ölen bu Karluk hanının oğluna da, Özkent şehri verilmişti. Cengiz zamanı Moğol devleti idaresinde vazife almış Karluklar görülmektedir.

Ayrıca bakınız

 Karluk Kağanlığı
 Karluk Hanlığı
 Karluk Krallığı
 Karahanlılar
 Fergana Karahanlı Devleti

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Рассказ о стране халлухов (Khallukh) и ее городах
 Karlukların Coğrafî Dağılımı Üzerine, Prof.Dr. Ahmet Taşağıl

Karluklar


Le coup d'État de Jungjong est survenu le 2 septembre 1506, lors de la 12 année de règne du roi Yeonsangun, lorsqu'un groupe de fonctionnaires, comprenant notamment , ,  et Hong Gyeong-ju, ont comploté contre le dirigeant despotique.

Coup d'État
Ils lancèrent un coup d'État le 2 septembre 1506, renversant le roi et le remplaçant par son demi-frère, le Grand Prince Jinseong. Le roi fut rétrogradé au rang de prince, et exilé à Kanghwa, où il mourut quelques semaines plus tard. Son épouse , considérée comme une "femme fatale" qui avait encouragé la mauvaise gestion de Yeonsangun, a été décapité. Les jeunes fils de Yeonsangun ont également été tués.

Notes et références

Septembre 1506
Coup d'État ou tentative de coup d'État au XVIe siècle
Dynastie Joseon

Coup d'État de Jungjong


Masahito Suzuki (født 28. april 1977) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Shonan Bellmare og Cerezo Osaka.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Masahito Suzuki


Yeşiltepe ile şu maddeler kastedilmiş olabilir:

Coğrafya
 Yeşiltepe, Çelikhan Adıyaman ili Çelikhan ilçesine bağlı köy
 Yeşiltepe, Adıyaman, Adıyaman ili merkez ilçesine bağlı köy
 Yeşiltepe, Aksaray, Aksaray ili merkez ilçesine bağlı belde
 Yeşiltepe, Akyurt, Ankara ili Akyurt ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Yeşiltepe, Keçiören, Ankara'nın Keçiören ilçesine bağlı mahalle
 Yeşiltepe, Kaynaşlı, Düzce ili Kaynaşlı ilçesine bağlı köy
 Yeşiltepe, Tarsus, Mersin ili Tarsus ilçesinde bir mahalle
 Yeşiltepe, Ardeşen, Rize ili Ardeşen ilçesine bağlı köy

Kişiler
 Ertuğrul Yeşiltepe, Türk gazeteci

Yeşiltepe


Francesco Salesio Kardinal Della Volpe (* 24. Dezember 1844 in Ravenna; † 5. November 1916 in Rom) war Kurienkardinal.

Leben
Der Sohn des Grafen Ignazio della Volpe und Ortensia Mazzolani besuchte das Seminar von Bertinoro, das Pius-Seminar in Rom 1862–1867 und die Päpstliche Diplomatenakademie 1868–1874. Nach seiner Priesterweihe am 21. Dezember 1867 war er von 1874 bis 1878 Geheimkämmerer Seiner Heiligkeit. Der Papst ernannte ihn am  17. Mai 1878 zum Hausprälaten, 1878 zum Kanoniker des Petersdoms und 1882 zum Sekretär der Kongregation für Ablässe und Reliquien. Er war Mitglied der außerordentlichen Mission zur Krönung des Zaren Alexanders III. Seit dem 17. August 1886 war er Meister der Apostolischen Kammer und seit dem 31. Dezember 1891 Präfekt des Päpstlichen Hauses.

Leo XIII. ernannte ihn am 19. Juni 1899 in pectore zum Kardinal. Die öffentliche Proklamation erfolgte im Konsistorium vom 15. April 1901 und die Aufnahme in das Kardinalskollegium fand am 18. April desselben Jahres als Kardinalpriester mit der Titelkirche Santa Maria in Aquiro statt. Seit dem 26. Januar 1911 war er Kardinalpräfekt der Indexkongregation und Erzkanzler der römischen Universität in Rom. Er nahm an dem Konklave 1903, das Pius X. wählte, und an dem Konklave 1914 teil, das Benedikt XV. wählte, den er als Kardinalprotodiakon verkündete und am 6. September 1914 krönte.

Sein Leichnam wurde in dem Grab der Congregatio de Propaganda Fide auf dem Friedhof Campo Verano beigesetzt.

Weblinks

Kardinal (20. Jahrhundert)
Päpstlicher Geheimkämmerer
Träger des Franz-Joseph-Ordens (Großkreuz)
Träger des Ordens der Heiligen Anna
Italiener
Geboren 1844
Gestorben 1916
Mann
Kardinalkämmerer der Heiligen Römischen Kirche
Kardinalprotodiakon

Francesco Salesio Della Volpe


was a town located in Oe District, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 11,456 and a population density of 271.02 persons per km². The total area was 42.27 km².

On October 1, 2004, Yamakawa, along with the towns of Kamojima and Kawashima, and the village of Misato (all from Oe District), was merged to create the new city of Yoshinogawa.

External links
 Yoshinogawa official website

Dissolved municipalities of Tokushima Prefecture
Yoshinogawa, Tokushima

Yamakawa, Tokushima


Gukumatz, Maya mitolojisinde bir gök tanrısı. Ayrıca dünyayı yarattığına inanılan yedi tanrıdan biridir. İnsanlığa tarımı ve medeniyeti öğretmiştir.

Maya mitolojisi
Su ilahları

Gukumatz


An Epidendrum renipichinchae in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Eric Hágsater ngan E.Santiago. An Epidendrum renipichinchae in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epidendrum, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Epidendrum

Epidendrum renipichinchae


Apontamentos para a Civilização dos Índios Bravos do Império do Brasil é um texto publicado por José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva em 1823. Escrito originalmente em 1821 para a Corte de Lisboa, a obra foi, após a Independência do Brasil, reapresentada com algumas modificações à Assembleia Constituinte de 1823, recebendo parecer favorável e sendo aprovada no dia 18 de junho daquele mesmo ano. No documento, José Bonifácio expõe um projeto nacional para a população indígena do país, trazendo ideias, iniciativas e projetos para a integração dos povos nativos ao então recém formado Império do Brasil. É considerado o primeiro grande estudo brasileiro a apresentar uma agenda política para a questão indígena  com o propósito explícito de construir uma sociedade racial e juridicamente homogênea, de modo a catequizar e aldear os índios do Brasil .

Dividida em duas partes, os Apontamentos iniciam com uma discussão de José Bonifácio sobre a legislação colonial relativa aos indígenas. Na busca por se situar na discussão indigenista, Bonifácio demonstra se inspirar nas teses dos iluministas europeus ao argumentar que os índios seriam uma espécie de tábula rasa, que poderiam ser "civilizados", desde que fossem educados e fornecidos os meios. Ele defendia que a suposta "indolência" adviria dos trópicos, sem que houvesse um elemento ligado à natureza dos povos da região necessariamente.

Nessa parte inicial, o projeto civilizacional de José Bonifácio pauta-se pela ideia de que os índios brasileiros estavam em um estágio primitivo, mas que seriam detentores do "lume da razão" e, por isso, poderiam ser "civilizados". Assim, ele propõe que o clima dos trópicos - ameno e agradável, em suas palavras - é o responsável por transformar os indígenas em indolentes, já que a caça e a pesca abundantes não incentivaram, na opinião de Bonifácio, a importância do trabalho. Bonifácio, portanto, acreditava que a melhor maneira de civilizar os indígenas era por meio de métodos "brandos", incluindo a reativação dos aldeamentos e formas controladas de civilização.

Nos Apontamentos, José Bonifácio reforça que a presença dos brancos nos meios indígenas é fundamental para romper com o isolamento das aldeias. Os brancos seriam os responsáveis por incentivar a a prática do trabalho entre os índios, com o intuito de construir uma Nação coesa, capaz de garantir a defesa da soberania e ordem interna.

Na segunda parte, por meio de 44 itens, José Bonifácio estabelece uma série de estratégias para levar a dita civilização aos indígenas, propondo sugestões que abrangem noções de assimilação, como o incentivo ao matrimônio entre brancos e índios, o impulso ao comércio, além de estratégias para a administração, educação e formação das aldeias, dentre outros pontos similares.


Netscape 6 is a discontinued Internet suite developed by Netscape Communications Corporation, and was the sixth major release of the Netscape series of browsers. It superseded Netscape Communicator (4.x), as the release of Netscape Communicator 5 was scrapped. Netscape 6 was the first browser of the Netscape line to be based on another source code: Mozilla Application Suite, an open-source software package from the Mozilla Foundation, which was created by Netscape in 1998.

Netscape 6 was first released on November 14, 2000. Version 6.2.3 was the last release in 2002, and it was succeeded by Netscape 7.

It consisted of the following major components:

 a web browser
 an e-mail and news client, Netscape Mail & Newsgroups
 an address book
 an HTML editor, Netscape Composer
 an instant messaging client, AOL Instant Messenger

History and development
In March 1998, Netscape split off most of the Communicator code and put it under an open source license. The project was dubbed Mozilla. It was estimated that turning the gutted source code (all proprietary elements had to be removed) into a new browser release might take a year, and so it was decided that the next release of the corporate Netscape browser, version 5.0, would be based on it. Netscape assigned its browser development engineers to help with the project.

Later that year it was quite evident that development on Mozilla was not proceeding quickly, so Netscape reassigned some of its engineers to a new Communicator 4.5 release. This had the result of redirecting part of the browser effort into a dead-end branch while Internet Explorer 5.0 was still building momentum.

The version 5 of the browser was skipped, at the time when Internet Explorer 5.0 had been available for a year and a half. There were plans to release an almost-ready version 5.0 based on the 4.x codebase, but this idea was scrapped. The Mozilla engineers decided in late October 1998 to scrap the Communicator code and start over from scratch using the standards-compliant Gecko rendering engine. All resources were bound to work on the Netscape 6.0 release using Gecko, which some Netscape employees deem one of the bigger mistakes in the company's history.

The first public builds of Mozilla two years later (2000) were rather disappointing, with many mid-level PCs of the time too slow to run the larger codebase, which used its own custom set of graphical user interface widgets and had a customizable UI built in a custom XML dialect known as XUL. With public beta versions released in April, August, and October, Netscape 6.0 shipped in November 2000. At release, the browser was deemed too unstable for production use.

Versions 6.1 and 6.2, released in 2001, addressed stability problems, and were more respected, but still had a relatively small number of users, and Netscape 6 was facing new competition from Internet Explorer 6.0, released in the summer of 2001.

Release history
 Netscape 6.0 – November 14, 2000 (based on Mozilla 0.6)
 Netscape 6.01 – February 9, 2001 (based on Mozilla 0.6)
 Netscape 6.1 – August 8, 2001 (based on Mozilla 0.9.2.1)
 Netscape 6.2 – October 30, 2001 (based on Mozilla 0.9.4.1)
 Netscape 6.2.1 – November 29, 2001 (based on Mozilla 0.9.4.1)
 Netscape 6.2.2 – March 19, 2002 (based on Mozilla 0.9.4.1)
 Netscape 6.2.3 – May 15, 2002 (based on Mozilla 0.9.4.1)

See also
 Netscape
 Mozilla Application Suite

References

Netscape
2000 software
Discontinued software
Gopher clients
Discontinued internet suites

Netscape 6


Whirlaway (1938-1953) est un cheval de course pur-sang anglais. Cinquième lauréat de la Triple Couronne américaine, élu deux fois cheval de l'année, il est membre du Hall of Fame des courses américaines.

Carrière de courses

Né au grand haras Calumet Farm, Whirlaway est confié à l'entraîneur Ben A. Jones qui le fait débuter au mois de juin de ses 2 ans à Lincoln Fields dans l'Illinois. Progessant au fil des courses, il remporte une première victoire importante dans les Saratoga Special Stakes, sous la monte de Johnny Longden, l'un des meilleurs jockeys de son temps. À la fin de la saison, il a remporté sept de ses seize sorties, et accroché à son palmarès quelques-unes des plus importantes courses pour 2 ans, les Hopeful Stakes, le Breeders' Futurity et les Walden Stakes.

L'un des poulains les plus en vue pour les classiques de 3 ans, Whirlaway passe par le circuit des allowances, et termine deuxième de deux préparatoires au Kentucky Derby, les Bluegrass Stakes et les Derby Trial Stakes. Mais le jour J, il y a lui et les autres : monté pour l'occasion par le grand jockey Eddie Arcaro, il écrase la course, s'imposant de huit longueurs, un record. Et il remet ça une semaine plus tard dans les Preakness Stakes, cette fois par cinq longueurs et demi. Ne lui reste qu'à conquérir les Belmont Stakes, et encore une fois Whirlaway se montre souverain, de deux longueurs et demi. Il est devenu le cinquième poulain de l'histoire à avoir bouclé victorieusement la Triple Couronne après Sir Barton en 1919, Gallant Fox en 1930, Omaha en 1935 et War Admiral en 1937. Alternant victoires et deuxièmes places dans la suite de sa saison, il devient le premier cheval à enchaîner la Triple couronne et les Travers Stakes. Il termine naturellement meilleur 3 ans de l'année et surtout cheval de l'année, de justesse, aux dépens du phénoménal 2 ans Alsab.

Whirlaway n'allait pas en rester là, poursuivant sa carrière jusqu'en 1943, en faisant preuve d'une grande régularité et remportant en tout plus de la moitié de ses courses. Il court beaucoup, souvent très rapproché, et empoche plusieurs grands handicaps américains, parmi lesquels le Clark Handicap et le Brooklyn Handicap, et s'approprie quelques records de piste. À l'été 1942, il affronte en un contre un Alsab, qui au printemps a remporté les Preakness Stakes et terminé deuxième du Kentucky Derby et des Belmont Stakes, dans une course spécialement créée pour eux sur l'hippodrome de Narragansett Park à Pawtucket dans l'état de Rhode Island. La lutte est acharnée et c'est le cadet qui l'emporte, d'un nez. Whirlaway prend sa revanche en octobre dans la Jockey Club Gold Cup, de 3/4 de longueur cette fois, et si Alsab gagne la belle dans le New York Handicap, où Whirlaway termine troisième, c'est bien ce dernier qui empoche un deuxième titre de cheval de l'année. En juin 1943, il se produit deux fois à Washington mais semble avoir perdu de sa superbe et il est retiré au haras.

Admis au Hall of Fame des courses américaines en 1959, Whirlaway est classé au 26e rang de la liste des 100 chevaux américains du  établie en 1999 par le magazine Blood-Horse.

Résumé de carrière

Au haras
Whirlaway revient à Calumet Farms pour y accomplir ses devoirs d'étalon. Il donnera quelques bons chevaux tels Scattered (Coaching Club American Oaks), Whirl Some (Selima Stakes), Dart By (All American Handicap) ou Whirling Bat (Louisiana Derby). En août 1950, il est acquis par Marcel Boussac, en vue de la saison de monte 1953. Whirlaway arrive au haras de Fresnay-le-Buffard en Normandie en septembre 1952 mais décède prématurément en avril 1953.

Origines
Whirlaway est issu du Britannique Blenheim, lauréat du Derby d'Epsom 1930 sous les couleurs de l'Aga Khan III, devenu un étalon très influent tant en Europe qu'aux États-Unis où il est acquis pour £  par un syndicat regroupant plusieurs haras américain dont Claiborne Farm et Calumet Farm. En Europe, il est le père de Mahmoud (lauréat du Derby et surtout père de la grande poulinière Almahmoud, mère entre autres de Natalma, d'où Northern Dancer), Donatello (père des champions Crepello et Alycidon), ou Mumtaz Begum, la mère du grand sire Nasrullah. Aux États-Unis, Blenheim a conquis le titre de Champion sire en 1941 notamment grâce à Whirlaway, mais on lui doit aussi Jet Pilot, un autre vainqueur de Kentucky Derby.

La mère de Whirlaway, Dustwhirl, fut acquise par A.B. Hancok, le propriétaire de Calumet Farm, pour $ 12 000 alors qu'elle le portait dans ses flancs. Dustwhirl s'était déjà signalée au haras en donnant Reaping Reward (par Sickle), qui se classa troisième du Kentucky Derby de War Admiral en 1937. Elle se recommande aussi de son frère Osmand (par Sweeper), lui-même deuxième du Kentucky Derby en 1928.

Pedigree

Références

Cheval de course
Cheval de course né en 1938
Animal né en 1938
Animal mort en 1953
Animal né aux États-Unis
Animal mort en France
Étalon pur-sang anglais
Cheval de l'année aux États-Unis
Vainqueur du Kentucky Derby
Vainqueur de la Triple Couronne américaine
Membre d'un Hall of Fame des courses hippiques
Famille 8-h

Whirlaway


Olaylar
 12 Haziran – Napolyon Almanya'yı Ren Konfederasyonu olacak şekilde örgütledi. Avusturya imparatoru I. Francis bunu Kutsal Roma Cermen İmparatorluğu'nun sonu olduğunu anladı ve Kutsal Roma İmparatoru olarak tahtını resmen bıraktı.
 Napolyon Avrupa ile Birleşik Krallık arasındaki tüm ticarete son verecek Berlin Kararnamesini yayınladı.
 III. Selim tarafından Selimiye Kışlası açıldı.

Doğumlar
 14 Şubat - Lajos Batthyány, Macar devlet adamı (ö. 1849)
 13 Kasım - Emilia Plater, Polonyalı-Litvan kahraman (ö. 1831)
 ? - Lungtok Gyatso, 9. Dalay Lama (ö. 1815)

Ölümler
 16 Ocak - Nicolas Leblanc, Fransız fizikçi, cerrah ve kimyacı (d. 1742).
 23 Ağustos - Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, Fransız fizikçi (d. 1736)
 17 Ekim - Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Haiti imparatoru (d. 1758).

1806


Harry Carlyle Liscombe (May 17, 1914 – February 24, 2004) was a Canadian ice hockey player. He played in the National Hockey League with the Detroit Red Wings between 1937 and 1946. With Detroit he won the Stanley Cup in 1943. He also won the Calder Cup with the Providence Reds of the American Hockey League in 1949. Liscombe was the last surviving member of Red Wings 1943 Stanley Cup team.

Playing career
Liscombe was a key member of the 1943 Stanley Cup champions. After scoring 42 points during the regular season, he tied a league record with 14 points in the playoffs. He scored the last goal of the 1943 Stanley Cup Finals.

After co-leading the NHL across two playoff seasons with 26 points (12 points in 1942 and 14 points in 1943), Liscombe scored a career-high 73 points in 50 games during the 1943-44 regular season (fourth-best in the league scoring race).

Liscombe shares the team record for most goals in a playoff game and most points in a game.

Liscombe was also a star in the American Hockey League, notably becoming the first back-to-back winner of the Les Cunningham Award as the league's Most Valuable Player. In 1949, Liscombe helped the Providence Reds win the Calder Cup.

Liscombe died of complications from leukemia.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

Awards and achievements
Was winner of two AHL most valuable player awards;
 1948 Les Cunningham Award winner  (Providence)
 1949 Les Cunningham Award winner  (Providence)

References

External links

1914 births
2004 deaths
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in the United States
Canadian ice hockey left wingers
Deaths from cancer in Hawaii
Deaths from leukemia
Detroit Hettche players
Detroit Olympics (IHL) players
Detroit Red Wings players
Ice hockey people from Ontario
Indianapolis Capitals players
Ontario Hockey Association Senior A League (1890–1979) players
People from Perth, Ontario
Sportspeople from Lanark County
Pittsburgh Hornets players
Providence Reds players
St. Louis Flyers players
Stanley Cup champions

Carl Liscombe


Leopoldo Cicognara (født 17. november 1767 i Ferrara, død 5. marts 1834 i Venedig) var en italiensk greve, kunsthistoriker og kunstsamler.

Cicognara var en tid lang optaget af diplomatiske hverv og administrativ virksomhed, som han imidlertid atter (1808) opgav, for snart efter at blive kaldet til præsident for Kunstakademiet i Venedig. Fra den tid kunde han med fuld kraft hellige sig til kunststudiet og forfattervirksomhed; han har blandt andet skrevet Memorie storiche dei letterati ed artisti ferraresi (1811), hovedværket: Storia della scultura dal suo risorgimento in Italia (1813—18, 3 bind med kobbere; 2. oplag 1823—24, 7 bind) og Memorie spettanti alla storia della calcografia (1831). Sine mange rejser benyttede han også til flittig samlen af kunstgenstande, bland andet kobberstik, de dengang ret oversete Nielloarbejder. I sin ungdom optrådte han også som æstetisk forfatter, var desuden landskabsmaler og kobberstikker.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger
Leopoldo Cicognara  på arthistoricum.net

Kunsthistorikere fra Italien
Kunstsamlere
Samlere fra Italien
Grever fra Italien
Italienere i 1700-tallet
Italienere i 1800-tallet
Personer fra Ferrara

Leopoldo Cicognara


Leonid Iwanowitsch Schdanow (; * 18. Februar 1938 im Dorf Markomussy, Rajon Plessezk, Oblast Archangelsk) ist ein sowjetisch-russischer Vizeadmiral. Er war von 1987 bis 1992 der 15. und letzte Kommandeur der Kaspischen Höheren Offiziersschule der Sowjetischen Seekriegsflotte.

Leben
Schdanow stammt aus einer Bauernfamilie. Seine Mutter starb vor Ausbruch des Großen Vaterländischen Krieges, sein Vater fiel 1943 als Soldat während der Leningrader Blockade. Er wuchs deshalb bei der Großmutter auf und nach ihrem Tod bei Tante und Onkel. Nach Abschluss der 4. Schulklasse trat er 1950 in die Leningrader Nachimow Seekriegsschule ein, die er 1956 absolvierte. Er besuchte im Anschluss die Höhere U-Bootoffiziersschule. Nach deren Abschluss diente Leutnant Schdanow ab 1960 in der Nordflotte als Kommandeur des Navigationsgefechtsabschnittes (GA-1) auf dem U-Boot S-276 (Projekt 613), das in Gremicha stationiert war. Später wurde er 1. Offizier auf dem Atom-U-Boot K-181 (Projekt 627) und einige Zeit darauf stellvertretender Kommandeur einer U-Bootflottille der Nordflotte. Von 1987 bis 1992 leitete er die Kaspische Höhere Offiziersschule der Seestreitkräfte der UdSSR.

Nach seiner Entlassung in den Ruhestand arbeitete er in der Zentralen Kartografiestelle der Russischen Marine.

Schdanow ist verheiratet und hat drei Kinder.

Auszeichnungen
  Orden des Roten Sterns
  Orden "Für den Dienst am Vaterland in den Streitkräften der UdSSR" 3. Klasse
 weitere Medaillen

Veröffentlichungen

Weblinks

 Interview in der Zeitung Morskaja Gazeta vom 19. Mai 1994 auf navy.ru (russisch) abgerufen am 22. März 2012
 Galina Sergejewna Selkina: Schulleiter der KWWMKU vom 22. Mai 2010 (russisch) abgerufen am 31. März 2014

Einzelnachweise

Vizeadmiral (sowjetische Marine)
Vizeadmiral (Russische Föderation)
Träger des Ordens des Roten Sterns
Sowjetbürger
Russe
Geboren 1938
Mann

Leonid Iwanowitsch Schdanow


Hovedartikel: Portugisisk

Portugisisk er et romansk sprog og portugisisk grammatik har meget til fælles med de andre romanske sprog (spansk, italiensk m.fl.).

Bogstaver og udtale

Alfabetet

Udtale

 h udtales ikke. Eks. Holanda, harmonia, hora
 lh udtales som lj. Eks. milhão, medalha, brilhante
 nh udtales som nj. Eks. vinho, linho, sardinha
 ch udtales som tonløs sje-lyd. Eks. China, chefe, choque
 c før a, o og u udtales som k. Eks. comédia, consulado, curva
 c før e og i udtales som s. Eks. centro, cigarro, cerimónia

Betoning
Portugisisk betoning (tryk) følger stort set tre grundregler:

 Flerstavelsesord som slutter på A - E - O betones (tryk) på næstsidste stavelse.Eks. rosa, filme, piano
 Flerstavelsesord ord som slutter på I - U - NASAL - DIFTONG - KONSONANT betones (tryk) på sidste stavelse.Eks. aqui, bambus, balcão, hotel, motor
 Accentuerede ord betonas (tryk) på den vokal som bærer accenttegnet. Accent aigu Eks. fábrica, café, rádio, lâmpada

Skrifttegn

Artikler

Eksempel

Sammentrækninger
Visse forholdsord trækkes sammen med den bestemte artikel.

Ubestemt artikel

Eksempel

Stedord

Demonstrativa stedord

Possesive stedord

Talord

Grundtal

Ordenstal

Navneord

Genus
Portugisiske navneord deles ind i to genus: Maskulinum og Femininum.

De fleste ord på -O er maskuline.

De fleste ord på -A er feminine.

Ligeledes hører de ord til maskulinum som betegner maskuline væsener

og til femininum de ord som betegner feminine væsener.

Plural
Det findes én grundregel for at danne plural:

De fleste navneord følger denne regel, men der findes en del ord som ikke følger reglen helt og holdent.

Det drejer sig om ord som:

Genitiv
Portugisisk danner genitiv med hjælp af forholdsordet "de" (af). I eksemplet: de + a = da, de + o = do

Også "sammensatte begreb" dannes med hjælp af "de".

Tillægsord

Tillægsordenes placering
Tillægsordet står sædvanligvis efter navneordet i portugisisk.

Eksempel

Tillægsordenes bøjning
Tillægsordene bøjes i køn og tal efter navneordene.

Eksempel

Regelmæssig gradbøjning

Uregelmæssig gradbøjning

Verber

Ser (permanent) - at være

Estar (midlertidig) - at være

Ter - at have

Falar - at tale

Viver - at leve

Abrir - at åbne

Biord

Forholdsord
De mest almindelige forholdsord i det portugisisk sprog er:

Eksempel

Konjunktioner
Konjunktioner er ord som har til opgave at sammenbinde sætninger eller sætningsdele.

Referencer

Litteratur

 Cunha, Celso; Cintra, Lindley (1984). Nova Gramática do Português Contemporâneo. Lissabon: Edições Sá da Costa
 Lima, Rocha (1980). Gramática Normativa da Língua Portuguesa. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio
 Bechara, Evanildo (2009). Moderna Gramática Portuguesa. Bonsucesso: Nova Fronteira.
 . http://www.novafronteira.com.br/produto.asp?CodigoProduto=2318 . Læst 22 juni 2011.
 de Azeredo, José Carlos (2009). Gramática Houaiss da Língua Portuguesa. São Paulo: Publifolha.
 . http://publifolha.folha.com.br/catalogo/liv ros/136340/

Online

 FLIP -Portugisisk grammatik on-line
 Gramática On-line
 Praktisk Portugisisk Grammatik

Noter
1.	^ "Gramática da Língua Portuguesa" (på portugisisk). Pasquale Cipro Neto och Ulisses Infante.

2.	^ "Manual de língua portuguesa" (på portugisisk). Tribunal Federal Regional da 1.a Região.

3.	^ "Gramática" (på portugisisk).

Se også

 Wikipédia - Gramática da língua portuguesa

Portugisisk sprog
Romanske sprog
Pages with unreviewed translations

Portugisisk grammatik


An Anthurium sagittaria in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Jean Jules Linden ngan Heinrich Wilhelm Schott. An Anthurium sagittaria in nahilalakip ha genus nga Anthurium, ngan familia nga Araceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Anthurium

Anthurium sagittaria


Merhamet, sözlüklerde "bir kimsenin veya bir başka canlının karşılaştığı kötü durumdan dolayı duyulan üzüntü, acıma" olarak tanımlanmakta olup, neo-spiritüalist terminolojide kullanılan terimlerden biridir. Neo-spiritüalist görüşe göre merhamet, insan ruhunun "Dünya Okulu"nda edinmesi gereken temel ruhsal yeteneklerden biridir. Bu görüşe göre, kişinin acınacak bir hale gelmiş, bir felakete uğramış veya benzeri hallere düşmüş, ıstırap çeken bir insana acıyarak, o insanın çektiği ıstırabı kendi yüreğinde hissetmesi, ıstırabını paylaşması kişiye, onun başına gelen olaydan  ıstırap çekerek edindiği deneyimi (aynı olayı yaşamasına gerek kalmaksızın) edinme olanağı sağlayabilir.

Arapça bir kelime olan merhamet, r-h-m kökünden türemiştir. İbn Fâris Mu'cemü Mekâyîsi'l-Lüğa adlı kitabında
r-h-m kökünün bir tek anlamının olduğunu söylemiş ve bu anlamı; rikkat (Arapça: رقة, yumuşak kalpli anlamında), atf (Arapça: عطف, şefkatli) ve re'fet (Arapça: رأفة, yumuşak davranışlı) kelimeleri ile beyan etmiştir.

Ana babaya saygı ve itaat etme, çocuk sevgisi, akrabayı ziyaret, yaşlılara, yoksullara, sakatlara, yetimlere, kimsesizlere yardım etme gibi erdemler merhametin yansımaları olarak kabul edilir.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Şefkat
 Sevgi
 Diğerkamlık

Kaynakça
Meta Ansiklopedi, Alparslan Salt, Ruh ve Madde Yayınları

Duygular
Etik yasaları
Cezalar
Hristiyanlıkta Tanrı
Erdem
Merhamet örnekler

Merhamet


Die Hard 2 (also known by its tagline Die Harder or Die Hard 2: Die Harder) is a 1990 American action thriller film directed by Renny Harlin, written by Steven E. de Souza and Doug Richardson, co-produced by Joel Silver, and starring Bruce Willis as John McClane alongside Bonnie Bedelia, William Sadler, Art Evans, William Atherton, Franco Nero, Dennis Franz, Fred Thompson, John Amos, and Reginald VelJohnson. The second installment in the Die Hard film series, the film was released on July 4, 1990, in the United States.

As with the first film, the action in Die Hard 2 takes place on Christmas Eve. McClane is waiting for his wife to land at Washington Dulles International Airport when terrorists take over the air traffic control system. He must stop the terrorists before his wife's plane and several other incoming flights that are circling the airport run out of fuel and crash. During the night, McClane must also contend with airport police and a military commander, none of whom want his assistance.

The film was released to generally positive reviews with critics praising the film's action and tone while criticizing elements of the plot. Die Hard 2 was a major box-office success, grossing $240 million and doubling the earnings of its predecessor and finishing as the year's seventh-highest-grossing film.

The film was preceded by Die Hard (1988) and followed by Die Hard with a Vengeance (1995), Live Free or Die Hard (2007), and A Good Day to Die Hard (2013).

Plot
On Christmas Eve, two years after the events of the previous film, John McClane is now a lieutenant with the LAPD, who arrives at Dulles International Airport to pick up his wife, Holly. Meanwhile, a plane carrying corrupt foreign military leader General Ramon Esperanza is also headed to Dulles under extradition for using U.S. funds to buy drugs. Waiting to meet Esperanza's plane is disgraced former Colonel William Stuart and a group of ex-military sympathizers who supported Esperanza's actions. Suspicious, McClane follows two of Stuart's men into a restricted baggage sorting area where a gun fight ensues. McClane kills one man, but the other escapes.

With the help of his friend, Sergeant Al Powell, he discovers that the dead man's fingerprints correspond to an American soldier who died in a helicopter accident two years ago. Putting this together with Esperanza's imminent arrival, McClane reports his concerns to the ill-tempered airport police chief, Carmine Lorenzo, and air traffic control director Ed Trudeau, but neither believe him. They are convinced when Stuart and his men, operating out of a church on the outskirts of the airport, cut all communications with incoming airplanes, disable all runway lighting, and demand that Esperanza's plane be allowed to land without interference. Under Stuart's direction, Trudeau orders all air traffic controllers to have all planes in Dulles airspace hold in the air despite their low fuel warnings.

McClane becomes worried about Holly's plane and enlists the help of the airport janitor Marvin to fight back. Chief airport engineer Leslie Barnes decides to try using an unfinished antenna array to communicate with the stranded circling airplanes. Carmine sends an airport SWAT team with him, but Stuart's men kill them all and destroy the antenna. Barnes is saved by McClane.  In retaliation, Stuart crashes a British airplane killing everyone onboard by impersonating air traffic control and faking the airplane's altimeter reading. Once Esperanza's plane lands, McClane wounds Esperanza before Stuart and his men arrive. They blow up the plane and take Esperanza to the church, but fail to kill McClane. A U.S. Special Forces team arrives, led by Major Grant, for whom Stuart is a protégé.

Grant's men and McClane attack the church. McClane kills one of Stuart's men and gives chase with his gun, but the mercenaries escape on snowmobiles. McClane gives chase but his vehicle is destroyed in the ensuing firefight. Confused as to why he failed to wound anyone, McClane realizes the gun was filled with blanks, meaning the firefight was staged and Grant's team are secretly cooperating with Stuart. Grant, Stuart, their men, and Esperanza all rendezvous at an airport hangar, where a Boeing 747 that they demanded is waiting for them. On Holly's flight, arrogant reporter Richard Thornburg becomes suspicious as to why the plane hasn't landed. He taps into the cockpit communications and records an earlier surreptitious transmission from Barnes to all the circling airplanes describing the situation. In the airplane's lavatory, he broadcasts the recording live on television, leading to a panic in the airport terminal which prevents McClane and Carmine from getting to the 747. Holly subdues Thornburg with a fellow passenger's stun gun.

McClane asks a news crew to fly him via helicopter to intercept the 747. McClane jumps onto the wing and uses his coat to jam the aileron, preventing the plane from taking off. During a fistfight, Grant is killed when McClane kicks him into a jet engine. While fighting Stuart, McClane opens a fuel valve in the engine pylon just as Stuart kicks him off the wing. McClane uses a cigarette lighter to ignite the fuel trail, exploding the plane and killing everyone on board. The fire trail also serves as a landing guide for all airborne aircraft, including Holly's, to land safely. After McClane and Holly are reunited, Marvin picks them up in his airport cart and drives them away.

Cast

Additional cast members include Colonel Stuart's hitmen: Don Harvey as Garber, John Costelloe as Sergeant Oswald Cochrane, Vondie Curtis-Hall as Miller, John Leguizamo as Burke, Robert Patrick as O'Reilly, Tom Verica as Kahn, Tony Ganios as Baker, Michael Cunningham as Sheldon, Peter Nelson as Thompson, Ken Baldwin as Mulkey, and Mark Boone Junior as Shockley. Patrick O'Neal appears as Telford, Major Grant's radio operator.

Production

Development and writing

The screenplay was adapted from Walter Wager's 1987 novel 58 Minutes. The novel has the same plot but differs slightly: a police officer must stop terrorists who take an airport hostage while his daughter's plane circles overhead, and has 58 minutes to do so before the plane crashes. Roderick Thorp, who wrote the 1979 novel Nothing Lasts Forever, upon which Die Hard was based, receives credit for creating "certain original characters", although his name is misspelled onscreen as "Roderick Thorpe".

One of the writers of the screenplay, Steven E. de Souza, later admitted in an interview for the book Action Speaks Louder: Violence, Spectacle, and the American Action Movie that the villains were based on America's "Central American" meddling, primarily the Iran–Contra affair.

The film was originally budgeted at $40 million. Bruce Willis was paid $7.5 million for reprising his role for the film. Producer Joel Silver was accused of profligate spending and it was claimed the film cost $62–70 million. Fox domestic distribution president Tom Sherak dismissed the $70 million claim as "absurd". It was reported at the end of filming that Silver had been relieved of day-to-day producing duties.

Scenes of Dulles airport in the snow were to be filmed in Denver but filming was scrapped due to warm weather. Some outdoor scenes were filmed in Alpena, Michigan, while others needing to accommodate the landing of the 747 with snow were filmed at former Kincheloe Air Force Base in Kincheloe, Michigan. Other scenes were filmed on a soundstage in Los Angeles using fake snow.

Die Hard 2 was the first film to use digitally composited live-action footage with a traditional matte painting that had been photographed and scanned into a computer. It was used for the last scene, which took place on a runway.

According to Franco Nero, Silver got the idea to cast him after he saw movie posters of Nero hanging in the office of their mutual accountant. Nero did not want to do Die Hard 2 because he did not like the script and he had committed to do the film Breath of Life. Finally, Silver scheduled Nero's scenes in such a way that the actor could do both films.

Release

Marketing
In a trailer for the film screened during Christmas 1989, the film had a planned release date of June 29, 1990. This was brought forward to June 22; however, following claims of the film running over time and budget, the release date was pushed back two weeks to July 4.

Home media
The film debuted on video in the United States on January 31, 1991, and it was the most rented video in its first week above Navy SEALs and sold a record 505,000 units for rental.

The film became available on DVD on March 9, 1999, followed by a 2-Disc Special Edition DVD on July 10, 2001, as part of the Die Hard Ultimate Collection DVD and re-released again in early 2005 as a Widescreen Edition and June 19, 2007, followed by a Blu-ray release on November 20, 2007, and a re-release on January 29, 2013.

Reception

Box office
Die Hard 2 exceeded all expectations by outdoing the box-office success of Die Hard. The film had the largest pre-opening, earning $3.7 million from 1,828 theaters. For six years, it would hold this record until it was surpassed by Independence Day in 1996. It had a wide release in 2,507 theaters in the United States and Canada, grossing $21.7 million its opening weekend. Die Hard 2 went on to gross $117.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $122.5 million internationally, earning over $240 million worldwide, almost doubling that of Die Hard. The film was re-released internationally in 1993 and made $216,339 more, which totaled its gross to $240.2 million.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, Die Hard 2 has an approval rating of 70% based on 66 reviews, with an average rating of . The site's critical consensus reads: "It lacks the fresh thrills of its predecessor, but Die Hard 2 still works as an over-the-top – and reasonably taut – big-budget sequel, with plenty of set pieces to paper over the plot deficiencies." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 67 out of 100, based on 17 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A" on an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert, who gave the original film a mixed review, described the sequel as "terrific entertainment", despite noting substantial credibility problems with the plot. Jay Boyar of the Orlando Sentinel dubbed the film as being as disappointing a sequel as Another 48 Hrs. and RoboCop 2, and said, Whatever small pleasure there is to be found in this loud dud is due mostly to the residual good feelings from the first film... As played by Bruce Willis, McClane is still an engaging character, even if he is much less amusingly drawn this time. Willis is in there trying, but the qualities that helped to make his character sympathetic in the first film are missing. McClane no longer worries openly about his personal safety, as he did in the original movie. His quasi-cowboy personality from Die Hard is all but forgotten – he has become more of a Rambo and less of a Roy Rogers. And though the filmmakers try to establish McClane as resistant to advanced technology, this promising idea isn't developed.Empire magazine rated the film three out of five stars, while stating, "It's entertaining nonsense that doesn't quite manage to recapture the magic of the original. Still, there are some nice moments here, and Willis is on solid ground as the iconic McClane."

Gene Siskel ranked the film as the sixth best movie of 1990. Maxim magazine ranked the film's plane crash #2 on its list of "Greatest Movie Plane Crashes".

Notes

References

External links

1990 films
1990 action thriller films
1990s Christmas films
20th Century Fox films
American action thriller films
American aviation films
American Christmas films
American sequel films
Die Hard
1990s English-language films
Films about aviation accidents or incidents
Films about hostage takings
Films about murderers
Films about terrorism in the United States
Films about United States Army Special Forces
Films based on American thriller novels
Films based on multiple works
Films directed by Renny Harlin
Films produced by Charles Gordon
Films produced by Lawrence Gordon
Films produced by Joel Silver
Films scored by Michael Kamen
Films set in 1990
Films set in airports
Films set in Virginia
Films set in Washington, D.C.
Films set on airplanes
Films shot in California
Films shot in Colorado
Films shot in Los Angeles
Films shot in Michigan
Films shot in Washington (state)
Films with screenplays by Steven E. de Souza
Silver Pictures films
1990s American films

Die Hard 2


An Dendrocalamus bengkalisensis in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Elizabeth A. Widjaja. An Dendrocalamus bengkalisensis in nahilalakip ha genus nga Dendrocalamus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Dendrocalamus

Dendrocalamus bengkalisensis


Carção Portekiz'de Vimioso belediyesine bağlı olan, 27,60 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 525 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Vimioso

Carção


Patrick Blackett, punim imenom Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett (London,18. rujna 1897. – London, 13. srpnja 1974.), engleski fizičar. Diplomirao (1921.) na Sveučilištu u Cambridgeu. Radio u Cavendish laboratoriju (od 1921. do 1931.), bio profesor na sveučilištima u Londonu i Manchesteru. Koristio Wilsonovu maglenu komoru pri istraživanju pljuskova kozmičkog zračenja. Pritom je konstruirao specijalnu Wilsonovu komoru, kojoj je rad kontroliran Geiger-Müllerovim brojilima (maglena komora). Njemu se pripisuje i prva jasna demonstracija pretvorbe energije u kemijsku tvar (pretvorba gama-zračenja u elektronsko-pozitronski par). Njegova potpora razvoju radara tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata pokazala se spasonosnom za Veliku Britaniju. Za razvoj Wilsonove komore i otkrića u područjima nuklearne fizike i kozmičkoga zračenja dobio Nobelovu nagradu za fiziku 1948. Član Kraljevskog društva (eng. Royal Society) od 1933. i njegov predsjednik (od 1965. do 1970.).

Wilsonova komora

Dok atomskim brojačima slušamo prolaze atoma, u Wilsonovoj komori možemo motriti njihove staze. Ovaj izvanredno važan mjerni instrument otkrio je C. T. R. Wilson 1911. Već davno prije Wilson se zanimao za pitanje, kako nastaju oblaci. On je u laboratoriju proizveo maglu pomoću naglog širenja (ekspanzije) zraka, koji je bio zasićen vodenom parom. Pri širenju zrak se naglo hladi, a prezasićene pare kondenziraju se na česticama prašine. U nizu pokusa Wilson je učinio zamašno otkriće da se kapljice stvaraju i onda ako je zrak potpuno očišćen od prašine. Što su tu bile jezgre za kondenziranje pare? Wilson je dokazao da su to ioni. Ako se ioni udalje električnim poljem, stvaranje maglice prestaje. Ta opažanja bila su kasnije temelj za gradnju te poznate komore.

U Wilsonovoj komori je zrak ili neki drugi plin zasićen vodenim parama. Naglim povlačenjem jednog zida komore može se obujam plina naglo povećati. U času širenja mogla je proći brza električno nabijena čestica. Ona je uzduž svoje staze stvorila mnoštvo iona. Na tim ionima sada se kondenziraju kapljice vode. U času ekspanzije komore staza brze čestice prekrivena je vodenim kapljicama.

Wilson je učinio prva opažanja na alfa-česticama i beta-zrakama radioaktivnih tvari. Alfa-čestica stvara oko 100 000 iona na 10 mm svog puta. Njen trag je vrlo debeo. Magleni tragovi beta-zraka potpuno se podudaraju s tragovima elektrona iz katodnih zraka. Wilsonova komora najbolje je sredstva za raspoznavanje čestica.

Kozmičke čestice

Kozmičke zrake ili kozmičko zračenje je zračenje visoke energije koje dopire na Zemlju iz svemira. Još u početkom 20. stoljeća opazilo se da se nabijeni elektroskopi nakon nekog vremena sami od sebe izbijaju čak i onda kada su smješteni u hermetički zatvorenoj posudi. Isprva se vjerovalo da je izbijanje posljedica ionizacije zraka, koja potječe od zračenja radioaktivnih tvari u Zemlji. No ubrzo se pokazalo da ta ionizacija ne opada s porastom visine, nego, naprotiv, neznatno raste. Na osnovi pokusa američkog fizičara austrijskoga podrijetla Victora Hessa, s ionizacijskim komorama koje su balonima bile podizane u vis, postavljena je teorija da zračenje koje uzrokuje ionizaciju potječe iz svemira, jer je utvrđeno da ne može dolaziti sa Sunca, jer se ionizacija nije promijenila za vrijeme potpune Sunčeve pomrčine 1912. Istraživanja idućih godina pokazala su da je kozmičko zračenje izvanredno prodorno i da se djelomično sastoji od električki nabijenih čestica. Pošto na kozmičke zrake djeluje Zemljino magnetsko polje, one se gibaju zavojito i nije moguće odrediti odakle dolaze.

Paleomagnetizam

Paleomagnetizam je prirodni zaostali (remanentni) magnetizam sačuvan u stijenama, u mineralima koji sadrže željezo, nastalima u geološkoj prošlosti tijekom hlađenja i kristalizacije iz lave ili tijekom prekristalizacije (metamorfne stijene), pri čem je njihov magnetski dipol ostao usmjeren prema ondašnjemu magnetskom polu Zemlje. Kako se magnetski pol Zemlje tijekom geoloških razdoblja pomicao, iz poznate starosti stijena može se to pomicanje rekonstruirati mjerenjem paleomagnetizma osjetljivim magnetometrima. Kada se odredi ovisnost položaja Zemljina magnetskog pola o vremenskom razdoblju, moguć je i obrnut postupak, to jest određivanje vremena nastanka zaostalog magnetizma tla vezanoga više ili manje uz lokalne pojave, jer se on pojavljuje na primjer na mjestima udara munja pa i u pečenoj ilovači na mjestima nekadašnjih ognjišta, što se katkad koristi za datiranja u arheologiji.

Izvori

Britanski fizičari
Dobitnici Nobelove nagrade za fiziku

Patrick Blackett


Amotion (bedre kendt som aMOTION) er en dvd-cd sæt af A Perfect Circle. Dvd'en indeholder musikvideoer af gruppens singler fra deres første to albums, og cd'en indeholder remixes af gruppens sange. Sættet blev udgivet 16. november 2004 kort tid efter albummet eMOTIVe.

Album fra 2004

Amotion


ليبراسيون  (و معروفة ب ليبي) جريدة فرنسية يومية نشأت في باريس عام 1973 على يد جان بول سارتر وبيير فيكتور (تحت اسم بيني ليفي) وسيرجي جولي مواكبة لإحتجاجات مايو 1968. هي تعتبر جريدة يسارية إلا أنها تعبر عن وسط اليسار.

دخل إدوارد دي روتشيلد في رأسمالها إلى حدود 37% عام 2005.

انظر أيضًا
 لوموند
 لو فيغارو

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

الاشتراكية في فرنسا
تأسيسات سنة 1973 في فرنسا
صحف فرنسية
منشورات أسست في 1973
صحف نشرت في باريس
صحف أسست في 1973

ليبراسيون


Die Canada Open 1989 im Badminton fanden vom 31. Oktober bis zum 4. November 1989 im Centre Pierre Charbonneau in Montreal, Québec, statt. Das Preisgeld betrug 25.000 US-Dollar.

Sieger und Platzierte

Weblinks
 http://tournamentsoftware.com/sport/tournament.aspx?id=723F64A0-EA8B-466F-8E12-4487B1B9CD2D
 https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/423843311/
 https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/423847117/
 https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19891105-220.127.116.11
 https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Page/beritaharian19891106-1.1.7

1989
World Badminton Grand Prix 1989
Badmintonwettbewerb in Montreal

Canadian Open 1989


Vassilis Venizelos, né le  à Yverdon (originaire du même lieu), est une personnalité politique suisse du canton de Vaud, membre des Verts.

Il est élu au Conseil d'État du canton de Vaud le .

Biographie
Vassilis Venizelos naît le  à Yverdon, dans le canton de Vaud. Il y vit depuis son enfance et en est également originaire. Son père, issu d'une famille paysanne d'un village proche de Thèbes, arrive en Suisse dans les années 1960 et travaille dans l'hôtellerie puis comme ouvrier dans la mécanique de précision ; sa mère, franco-belge, grandit à Roubaix dans le nord de la France et exerce le métier d'aide-soignant. Il a une sœur.

Il étudie la géographie et l'ethnologie aux universités de Lausanne et de Neuchâtel. Il devient par la suite directeur général adjoint de l'office de l'urbanisme du canton de Genève.

Il est objecteur de conscience. Dans sa jeunesse, il est chanteur puis bassiste d'un groupe funk, les Cinnamon Funky Market. Il a également pratiqué la gymnastique artistique et fait partie du cadre vaudois de basketball.

Il est marié et père de deux enfants. Son épouse, enseignante spécialisée, est fille de syndics libéraux-radicaux vaudois (le père, de Prahins ; la mère, de Donneloye).

Parcours politique

Il fait partie du Conseil communal (législatif) d'Yverdon depuis 1997, à l'âge de 19 ans, et du Grand Conseil du canton de Vaud depuis 2007 (réélections en 2012 et 2017). Il y est chef du groupe des Verts pendant dix ans. Il est candidat au Conseil national en 2015, mais n'est pas élu.

En , il se porte candidat à la succession de Béatrice Métraux au Conseil d'État du canton de Vaud. Il s'impose le mois suivant en interne face au député Maurice Mischler par 151 voix sur 174. Peu connu hors de son district, il arrive neuvième du premier tour le  avec 37,67 % des voix (56 502 suffrages), à quelque 3 000 suffrages du candidat UDC Michaël Buffat, de la centriste Valérie Dittli et de la socialiste sortante Cesla Amarelle. Il est élu au second tour le  avec 49,51 % des voix (cinquième position des six élus, 81 509 suffrages).

Il prend ses fonctions à la tête du Département de la jeunesse, de l'environnement et de la sécurité le .

Notes et références

Liens externes

 Page officielle (vd.ch)
 Profil Smartvote 2022

Naissance en avril 1977
Naissance à Yverdon-les-Bains
Personnalité politique vaudoise
Personnalité des Verts (Suisse)
Membre d'un législatif communal suisse
Député au Grand Conseil du canton de Vaud
Conseiller d'État vaudois

Vassilis Venizelos


Sloane Square is a small hard-landscaped square on the boundaries of the central London districts of Belgravia and Chelsea, located  southwest of Charing Cross, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. The area forms a boundary between the two largest aristocratic estates in London, the Grosvenor Estate and the Cadogan. The square was formerly known as 'Hans Town', laid out in 1771 to a plan of by Henry Holland Snr. and Henry Holland Jnr. Both the square and Hans Town were named after Sir Hans Sloane (1660–1753), an Anglo-Irish doctor who, jointly with his appointed trustees, owned the land at the time.

Location
The bulk of Chelsea, especially the east end more local to Sloane Square, is architecturally and economically similar to South Kensington, Belgravia, St James's, and Mayfair.  The largely retail at ground floor Kings Road with its design and interior furnishing focus intersects at Sloane Square the residential, neatly corniced and dressed façades of Sloane Street leading from the Victoria Embankment promenade to the small district of Knightsbridge. On the northern side of the square is the Sloane Square Hotel.

Exclusive housing hub
Estates on all sides are made up of ornate, luxuriously furnished private apartments set behind railings — a minority of these remain combined to form large townhouses, primarily in amongst those of rows of not more than four storeys. Gothic, classical and Edwardian architecture mix; the area has grown piecemeal, including in infill, under strict character and aesthetic demands of local urban planning.  Elements of almost every street were reinstated, in similar style, after the London Blitz.

Social analysis
In sociology, a small social class of London has since the 1980s been cast and to some extent outcast as Sloane Rangers or Sloanies, relatively young, underemployed and ostentatiously well-off members of the upper classes who linguistically have their own evolving lexicon, sloane(y) speak, spoken in received pronunciation.  Some are heavily engaged investors in charities, new businesses and the arts, particularly with the influx of and integration with young, wealthy, foreign-born Chelsea residents. The endurance of this class is reflected in an occasional dramatic work or fly on the wall documentary such as Made in Chelsea.

History
The square has two notable buildings. Peter Jones department store designed by Reginald Uren of the firm Slater Moberly and Uren in 1936 and now a Grade II* listed building on account of its early curtain wall and modernist aesthetic, pioneering in the UK for a department store. The building was carefully restored 2003–2007 with internal upgrading in line with the original designs by John McAslan and Partners. This included making the three storey atrium full-height. Peter Jones now operates as part of the employee-owned John Lewis chain.

The other is the Royal Court Theatre first opened in 1888 which was important for avant-garde theatre in the 1960s and 1970s when the home of the English Stage Company.

100m from the Square in  Sloane Terrace, the former Christian Science Church was built in 1907 and  converted in 2002 for concert hall use as  Cadogan Hall. It is now one of London's  leading classical music venues.

In 2005 revised landscaping of the square was proposed, involving a change to the road layout to make it more pedestrian friendly. One option was to create a central crossroads and two open spaces in front of Peter Jones and the Royal Court. The pedestrian area leading to Pavilion Road now houses the flagship stores of many luxury brands including Brora and Links of London. This option was put out to consultation, and the results in April 2007 showed that over 65% of respondents preferred a renovation of the existing square, so the crossroads plan has been shelved. Since then, independent proposals have been put forward for the square.

A short walk down Kings Road from the Square is the National Army Museum.

Holy Trinity Sloane Street, the Church of England parish church of 1890 (50m north of the Square) is sometimes known as the "Cathedral of the Arts & Crafts Movement  on account of its fine fittings. These include a complete set of windows by Sir Edward Burne-Jones, the most extensive he ever created.

Sloane Square Underground station (District and Circle lines) is at the south eastern corner of the square and the  lines cross under the square to the north west.  The River Westbourne is carried over the tube station platforms in plain view, in a circular iron aqueduct.

Fountain

The Venus Fountain  in the centre of the square was constructed in 1953, designed by sculptor Gilbert Ledward. The fountain depicts Venus, and on the basin section of the fountain is a relief which depicts King Charles II and Nell Gwynn by the Thames, which was used in relation to a house located close by that Nell Gwynn had used.

In 2006, David Lammy put forward a proposal to have the fountain grade II listed, which was successful.

War memorial

Also in the square, positioned slightly off-centre, is a stone cross that is known as Chelsea War Memorial. Made of Portland stone, and designed by an unknown architect, the cross has a capped head on a tapered shaft above a moulded three stage octagonal base. A large bronze sword is affixed to its west face. The cross is surmounted on a plinth which is inscribed with the following:  The monument has also been Grade II listed, since 2005.

See also
 List of eponymous roads in London

Notes and references
References

Notes

External links

 Sloanesquare.com
 Sloane Street website

Squares in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
Road junctions in London
Knightsbridge

Sloane Square


Jean Domercq est un joueur français de rugby à XV, né le  à Orthez et décédé le  dans la même ville. Il est l'ainé d'une fratrie de quatre garçons, Auguste, Louis et Jean. Leur père est Jules Domercq, banquier orthézien.

International à deux reprises avant la Première Guerre mondiale face à l'Ecosse et à l'Irlande durant le Tournoi des Cinq Nations 1912 . Domercq est l'international N° 82 de l'histoire du XV de France, et son activité militaire le priva d'un bon nombre d'autres sélections comme international de guerre.

Domercq est mobilisé durant le conflit et devient Capitaine du 502e régiment de chars de combat. Conducteur de tank, il échappe de justesse à la mort au Chemin des Dames. Sergent en 1914, il devient lieutenant en 1917, et a été surnommé le .

Jean Domercq devient président de la Commision rugby de l'US Orthez en 1911.

Il survit et participe au match face à l'armée néo-zélandaise en 1918. Il reçoit la légion d'honneur cette même année. Domercq se marie à Orthez en 1919.

Domercq prend sa retraite en 1920

Carrière en club

JS Orthez (jusqu'en 1907)
Jean Domercq découvre le rugby à la Jeunesse Sportive Orthézienne, future US Orthez, dont il est le capitaine en 1906. Il reste profondément attaché à l'US Orthez, son véritable club de coeur.

Section paloise (1907-1910)
L'année suivante, en 1907, Jean Domercq rejoint le Section paloise avec ses frères Louis et Auguste, et se fait rapidement remarquer.

En parallèle, il est affecté au 18e RI. Domercq devient rapidement capitaine de l'équipe.

Domercq est notamment titulaire lors du match d'inauguration du Stade de la Croix du Prince le .

Aviron bayonnais (1910-1914)
Béarnais, Jean Domercq pourquit néanmoins sa carrière chez les basques de l'Aviron bayonnais. À Bayonne, Domercq bénéficie des conseils de Owen Roe aux côtés de son ami rencontré à la Section, le barétounais Henri Foueillassar, et du palois de naissance Fernand Forgues. Outre Foueilllassar et Domercq, l'Aviron attire dans ses filets le capitaine du Biarritz-Stade Lafitte. Bayonne est champion de France en 1913. Il dispute la finale face au SCUF au poste d'ailier.

Racing Club de France (1914-1918)
Pendant la Grande Guerre, Jean Domercq évolue au Racing Club de France afin d'être proche du front. Domercq remporte la Coupe de l'Espérance en 1918, et fut international de guerre face à la Nouvelle-Zélande lors de la courte défaite de la France 3 à 5.

AS Béziers (1918-1920)
Une fois le conflit terminé, Domercq resta dans l'armée, affecté à Béziers où il fit deux saisons avec l'Association sportive de Béziers. Il fut également champion de France militaire en 1921. Il aurait déjà pu l'être en 1920, s'il ne s'était pas rendu auprès de son épouse qui donnait naissance à sa fille.

Carrière internationale
Jean Domercq est sélectionné à 2 reprises en Équipe de France de rugby à XV lors du Tournoi des Cinq Nations 1912. Jean Domercq a disputé son premier match le 1er janvier 1912 contre l'Irlande, et le second le 20 janvier contre l'Ecosse au Stade d'Inverleith.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Joueur international français de rugby à XV
Joueur de l'US Orthez rugby
Joueur de la Section paloise
Joueur de l'Aviron bayonnais
Joueur du Racing 92
Joueur de l'AS Béziers Hérault
Naissance en décembre 1886
Naissance à Orthez
Naissance dans les Basses-Pyrénées
Décès en octobre 1961
Décès à Orthez
Décès dans les Basses-Pyrénées
Décès à 74 ans

Jean Domercq


"Azati Prime" is the eighteenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the 70th overall. The episode was written by Manny Coto from a story developed by Coto, Rick Berman and Brannon Braga. It was directed by Allan Kroeker, his second of the season. The episode featured several guest actors, including those playing members of the Xindi Council, as well as Matt Winston who reprised his role of Temporal Agent Daniels for the second time this season.

Set in the 22nd century, the series follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise, registration NX-01. Season three of Enterprise features an ongoing story following an attack on Earth by previously unknown aliens called the Xindi. In this episode, the crew track a Xindi superweapon down to a planet and Captain Jonathan Archer (Scott Bakula) seeks to destroy the weapon in a suicide attack. He is captured, and the Enterprise is seriously damaged after an attack by four Xindi vessels.

The USS Enterprise-J appeared in this episode, based on designs by Doug Drexler. The ship was from 400 years in the future from the timeframe that the series is set in, and the bridge set was created mostly using green screen. John Eaves also created several designs of aquatic Xindi vessels for this episode. "Azati Prime" received Nielsen ratings of 2.6/4 percent. Critical reaction was mostly positive, with praise directed at the pacing of the episode and the plotting of the overall arc.

Plot
Enterprise approaches Azati Prime where the Xindi are constructing their super weapon. Captain Archer sends Commander Tucker and Ensign Mayweather on board the Xindi shuttle they had captured, to investigate the planet. Working their way past security, they approach the weapon, which is being built underwater. Archer orders Enterprise to destroy a Xindi detection facility on the planet's moon to prevent it from signalling the ship's presence. The shuttle returns with scans of the weapon and Archer decides to pilot a suicide mission to destroy it. The crew try to talk him out of it but he is resolute.

Archer then finds himself 400 years in the future on board the USS Enterprise-J, alongside Temporal Agent Daniels. They are at the battle where the Sphere Builders  are defeated by the Federation, preventing an invasion. The builders have the technology to view alternate timelines, and have been manipulating the Xindi to prevent the Federation from forming. Daniels gives Archer an initiation medal from a Xindi who had joined Starfleet as temporal evidence. Back on his Enterprise, Archer rejects the notion of a Human–Xindi détente and leaves on the shuttle. He arrives at the super weapon construction site but finds the weapon is gone, and is rapidly captured by the Xindi Commander Dolim.

The Reptilians begin to interrogate Archer, who then asks to speak to Degra, the Primate scientist from episode Stratagem. Using Daniels' medal, Archer tries to convince Degra that the Reptilians cannot be trusted but Dolim arrives with armed colleagues and takes the Primates away. Sub-Commander T'Pol, in command of Enterprise, displays signs of an emotional breakdown. She also decides to go on a mission, to negotiate a peace and reacts angrily when Tucker tries to stop her. An attack from four Xindi ships follows, and the episode concludes with a cliffhanger, as Enterprise is left severely damaged.

Production
"Azati Prime" was the first episode of Enterprise to be filmed in 2004, starting on January 5. Filming took eight days, concluding on January 14. The eighth day overlapped with the production of the following episode, "Damage". The story was developed by Manny Coto alongside Rick Berman and Brannon Braga. Coto developed it into a script, his third of the series. The director of the episode was Allan Kroeker, who also directed "The Xindi" earlier in the season as well as the final episodes of both Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and Star Trek: Voyager. The episode featured a number of guest stars, including Smallwood, Oglesby, MacDonald and Worthy, who appeared in their recurring roles on the Xindi council. Winston appeared as Daniels for the second time during season three, having made his debut in season one's "Cold Front".

The Xindi shuttle set had been constructed for "Hatchery", while a new set was constructed for the bridge of the Enterprise-J, which consisted mostly of a green screen. The future Enterprise was designed by Doug Drexler, who drew the first design only two days prior to the production meeting for the episode. The computer generated model was created in a few hours, and Drexler later said that they would have finished it differently. He imagined that the vessel was so large that there would be universities and entire parks on board, with the turbolifts replaced by short range transporters. More than one design was created, with the final version created with elements from different designs. One of the elements incorporated into the version seen on screen was a reduction in the size of the warp nacelle supports as Drexler said that he did not like that they had increased in size. John Eaves also created a number of designs for aquatic Xindi vessels for use in the episode, as well as a rejected design for the superweapon.

Reception
"Azati Prime" was first aired in the United States on UPN on March 3, 2004. It received a 2.6/4 percent share among adults. This means that it was seen by 2.6 percent of all households, and four percent of all of those watching television at the time of the broadcast. Enterprise was the sixth most watched program in the timeslot, behind Smallville on The WB. It was estimated that "Azati Prime" was watched by 4.02 million viewers, which was less than recent episodes had received.

Michelle Erica Green of TrekNation compared elements of the episode to the Star Wars franchise, such as the Xindi superweapon standing in for the Death Star. She found the pacing made the episode "engrossing" and thought that the action sequences would qualify it for technical Emmy Awards. She said that the one flaw in the episode was the characterisation of Archer and T'Pol, as she felt that some of their actions were implausible. Jamahl Epsicokhan on his website Jammer's Reviews, gave "Azati Prime" a rating of three and a half out of four. He thought it was compelling and was impressed with how elements of earlier episodes were brought together, also saying that it was "possibly the most entertaining episode of Enterprise yet this season". Aint It Cool News gave the episode a rating of 3.5 out of five, and generally praised the episode, but complained that Archer found himself in a prison cell yet again. Film and television critic Jordan Hoffman gave the episode four out of five, and said that the Xindi storyline was reaching a peak.

In 2005, James Gray writing for The Digital Fix said "Azati Prime" was probably the best episode in the series yet, and had the best space battle scene of all Star Trek television and movies up to that time.

In 2019, Io9 ranked the spacecraft design shown in this episode, the Enterprise-J, as the eleventh best version of the starship Enterprise in the Star Trek franchise.

Home media release
The only home media release of "Azati Prime" has been as part of the season three DVD box set, released in the United States on September 27, 2005. The Blu-ray release of Enterprise was announced in early 2013 and season three is expected to be released in January 2014.

Notes

References

External links

Star Trek: Enterprise (season 3) episodes
2004 American television episodes
Television episodes written by Rick Berman
Television episodes written by Brannon Braga
Television episodes about time travel
Star Trek time travel episodes

Azati Prime


Güler Sabancı (d. 14 Ağustos 1955, Adana), Türk iş insanı, Sabancı ailesi'nin üçüncü nesil üyesi ve Sabancı Holding'in yönetim kurulu başkanı ve murahhas üyesi. Kariyerine Lassa'da başlayan Sabancı, grubun farklı şirketlerinden çeşitli görevler üstlenmiştir. Güler Sabancı, Sabancı Üniversitesi'nin Kurucu Mütevelli Heyeti Başkanı, Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi Yönetim Kurulu Başkanı ve Hacı Ömer Sabancı Vakfı'nın da Mütevelli Heyeti Başkanıdır.

Güler Sabancı; Forbes dergisi tarafından her yıl yayınlanan "Dünyanın En Güçlü 100 Kadını" 2021 listesinde, aralarında Avrupa Komisyonu Başkanı Ursula von der Leyen, Danimarka Başbakanı Mette Frederiksen, Türk-Alman bilim insanı Özlem Türeci ve Bill & Melinda Gates Vakfı eş başkanı Melinda Gates'in de bulunduğu listede 77. sırada yer aldı.

Yaşamı
Güler Sabancı, Yüksel ve İhsan Sabancı çiftinin ilk çocuğu olarak 1955'te Adana'da doğdu. Sabancı ailesinin üçüncü nesil üyesidir. Ortaöğretimini TED Ankara Koleji'nde bitirdikten sonra yüksek tahsilini Boğaziçi Üniversitesi İşletme Bölümü'nde 1978' de tamamladıktan sonra aynı yıl çalışma hayatına LASSA Lastik Sanayi A.Ş.'de başlamıştır. 14 yıl boyunca KORDSA Kordbezi Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş. Genel Müdürlüğü görevini üstlenen Güler Sabancı, 1997'de Sabancı Holding Lastik ve Takviye Malzemeleri Grup Başkanı olmuştur. Güler  Sabancı, Mayıs 2004 tarihinde Sakıp Sabancı'nın vefatı ile Sabancı Holding Yönetim Kurulu Başkanlığı ve Murahhas Üyeliği'ne seçilmiştir.

Türk Sanayicileri ve İşadamları Derneği'nin (TÜSİAD) ilk kadın Yönetim Kurulu Üyesi olan Güler Sabancı, ayrıca European Round Table of Industrialists'in (ERT)  halen ilk ve tek kadın üyesidir. Sabancı, International Business Council'in ilk Türk üyesi olmasının yanı sıra Siemens AG Yönetim Kurulu'nda ve MIT Energy Initiative'in Uluslararası Danışma Kurulu'nda da görev almaktadır. Birleşmiş Milletler Küresel İlkeler Sözleşmesi (Global Compact) Yönetim Kurulu'nda görev yapmıştır.

Sabancı, 2013'te Fortune tarafından "Dünyanın En Güçlü 50 İş kadını" (Amerika harici liste) arasında ikinci seçilmiştir. Güler Sabancı  aralarında David Rockefeller Köprü Kurucu Liderlik Ödülü, Clinton Küresel Vatandaşlık, Raymond Georis Yenilikçi Filantropist ile European School of Management and Technology tarafından verilen Sorumlu Liderlik Ödülü'nün de  yer aldığı hayırseverlik ve liderlik konusunda birçok ödülün sahibidir. Sabancı'ya ayrıca sanayi-üniversite işbirliğinde küresel lider olan Hong Kong Polytechnic Üniversitesi tarafından Fahri Doktora unvanı verilmiştir.

Güler Sabancı, Almanya Başbakanı Angela Merkel'in birinci olduğu Forbes dergisinin 2018 yılı "Dünyanın En Güçlü 100 Kadını" listesinde 64. sırada yer aldı.

Aldığı ödül ve nişanlar

Ödüller
2006 -  - Drexel Üniversitesi'nden Onursal Derece
2007 -  - Amerikan-Türk Toplumu tarafından "Kurumsal Ortak Ödülü"
2009 -  - Raymond Georis, Avrupa Birliği Bakanlar Konseyi tarafından "Yenilikçi Filantropi Ödülü"
2011 -  - Ünlü Avusturyalı ekonomist Joseph Alois Schumpeter'in adına ithafen "Schumpeter Ödülü"
2011 -  - Avrupa Yönetim ve Teknoloji Okulu tarafından "ESMT Sorumlu Liderlik Ödülü"
2011 -  - Clinton Vakfı tarafından "Clinton Global Citizen Ödülü"
2016 -  - ODTÜ Genç Girişimciler Topluluğu tarafından "Yaşam Boyu Onur Ödülü"

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Güler Sabancı özgeçmişi , Sabancı Vakfı

1955 doğumlular
20. yüzyıl Türk iş insanları
21. yüzyıl Türk iş insanları
Türk sanayiciler
Sabancı ailesi
TED Ankara Kolejinde öğrenim görenler
Boğaziçi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesinde öğrenim görenler
Türk dolar milyarderleri
Bilderberg Toplantıları
Yaşayan insanlar
Adana doğumlu iş insanları
Türk girişimciler
Sabancı Holding Yönetim Kurulu üyeleri

Güler Sabancı


O Teatro Stênio Garcia, antigo Cine Teatro São José, é uma casa para espetáculos teatrais e cinematográficos brasileira em Mimoso do Sul, no Espírito Santo.

Localizado no centro do município, foi inaugurado em 1952 com o nome de Cine Teatro São José. No final da década de 1990, o edifício passou por uma grande reforma e, posteriormente, foi reinaugurado como o nome de Teatro Stênio Garcia — uma homenagem ao ator Stênio Garcia, que é natural de Mimoso do Sul.

Pertencente à prefeitura da cidade sul capixaba, a casa de diversões oferece atrações gratuitas como exibição de filmes.

Ver também

 Mimoso do Sul
 Stênio Garcia

T
T
S
T

Teatro Stênio Garcia


Ekkehardt Belle est un acteur allemand né le  à Grevenbroich et mort le  à Munich.

Biographie
Ekkehardt Belle se fait connaître d'un large public grâce au rôle-titre de la série en quatre parties de la ZDF, « Die Abenteuer des David Balfour », diffusée en décembre 1978 (diffusée en France en juin 1979 sous le titre Les Aventures de David Balfour, tournée en anglais sous le titre Kidnapped, où il donne la réplique à l'acteur britannique David McCallum). En 1979, Franz Josef Gottlieb lui donne le rôle principal de Stefan dans la comédie érotique « Sunnyboy et Sugarbabe ». Il jouera dans d'autres films de ce genre. La même année, il joue également le rôle principal dans la production de ZDF « Merlin ».

De 1980 à 1986, il est apparu dans huit épisodes de Derrick. En 1982, Ekkehardt Belle est apparu devant la caméra aux côtés de Martin Held et Gert Fröbe pour l'adaptation télévisée de la comédie classique « Der Raub der Sabinerinnen » de Franz et Paul von Schönthan. En novembre 2008, Belle apparaît sur scène à la Pasinger Fabrik de Munich dans la pièce radiophonique Spring Heeled Jack. Il a également joué dans la série de Noël « Nesthäkchen ».

En 2021, Ekkehardt Belle, mis en scène par Thomas Plum, apparaît dans le rôle de Hans Berg dans la pièce radiophonique criminelle « Blaues Herz ».

Filmographie succincte

Cinéma

Films classiques
 1972 : Abattoir 5 (film) : Le jeune garde allemand
 1976 : La marche triomphale de Marco Bellocchio
 1982 : Salut... j'arrive ! de Gérard Poteau : Laurent

Films érotiques

Télévision

Notes et références

Liens externes

Acteur allemand de cinéma
Acteur allemand de télévision
Acteur de films érotiques
Naissance en mai 1954
Naissance à Grevenbroich
Décès à 67 ans
Décès à Munich
Décès en janvier 2022

Ekkehardt Belle


8751 Nigricollis este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
8751 Nigricollis este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul Palomar de Cornelis Johannes van Houten, Ingrid van Houten-Groeneveld și Tom Gehrels. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,90 ua, o excentricitate de 0,05 și o înclinație de 2,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 8001-9000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Asteroizi Koronis

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1960
Centura de asteroizi

8751 Nigricollis


Priča o igračkama 3 () je računalno-animirani film iz 2010. godine animacijskoga studija Pixar. Redatelj filma je Lee Unkrich, a glasove u originalnoj verziji posudili su između ostalih i Tom Hanks i Tim Allen. Producenti su Ralph Guggenheim i Bonie Arnold, a film je distribuirao Walt Disney Pictures.

Nastavak, Priča o igračkama 4, objavljen je 2019. godine.

Unutarnje poveznice
 Pixar Animation Studios
 Walt Disney Motion Pictures

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Film Priča o igračkama 3 na službenoj stranici Pixar-a

Američki animirani filmovi 2010-ih

Priča o igračkama 3


Biocataliza reprezintă utilizarea catalizatorilor naturali (biocatalizatori), precum: hormonii, vitaminele și enzimele, pentru a face posibile transformări ale diferiților compuși organici.

Istoric
Obținerea brânzei, oțetului, berii, vinului sunt printre cele mai vechi aplicații ale reacțiilor enzimatice.
În 1713,  Réaumur a studiat procesul de dizolvare a cărnii în sucul stomacal al ciorii.
În 1783, Spallanzani a hrănit animale cu bucăți de carne învelite în rețele de sârmă pentru a studia dizolvarea cărnii în stomac.
În 1789, realizând bilanțul reacției de fermentație alcoolică, Lavoisier a demonstrat că oxigenul, hidrogenul și carbonul din zahăr se regăsesc în alcoolul și dioxidul de carbon care sunt generate.
Alte contribuții referitoare la această reacție chimică au fost aduse de  Cagniard de la Tour (1838),  Kützing (1838) și Liebig (1839).
În 1897, Buchner a izolat din drojdia de bere ceea ce ulterior s-a numit zimază și care de fapt era un amestec de enzime.

Gottlieb Kirchhoff și Augustin-Pierre Dubrunfaut au descoperit că extractul apos de malț din orez transformă amidonul într-un zahăr solubil numit maltoză.
În 1833, din acest extract, Anselme Payen și Jean-François Persoz au izolat, prin precipitare cu etanol, prima enzimă, amilaza.
Ulterior s-a realizat hidroliza amigdalinei cu extarct de migdale amare, iar Wöhler și Liebig au izolat emulsina.
A urmat descoperirea pepsinei, tripsinei, lipazei, invertazei și ureeazei.

În 1835, Berzelius a clarificat caracterul catalitic al reacțiilor enzimatice, precum și rolul vital al acestora în cadrul organismelor vii.

Biocatalizatori
Ca orice catalizator, biocatalizatorii substanțe care, fără a îndeplini vreun rol energetic sau plastic, sunt indispensabili organismului animal sau vegetal pentru desfășurarea proceselor biologice.
Prezente în organism în cantități mici, aceștia orientează și determină viteza reacțiilor chimice ale diferitelor transformări metabolice.

În afară de hormoni, vitamine și enzime, tot la categoria biocatalizatori pot fi incluse și substanțele de natură chimică diferită, care au proprietatea de a stimula dezvoltarea unei culturi bacteriene, aflate într-un mediu de cultură nefavorabil.

Utilizare industrială
Avantajele aplicării biocatalizei în industrie (în comparație cu cataliza normală):
 nu se obțin deșeuri care să polueze mediul;
 randamentul reacțiilor este de aproape 100%;
 reacțiile au loc într-o singură etapă; astfel nu se consumă multă energie;
 selectivitate (stereo și regio) ridicată;
 nu se folosesc substanțe periculoase.

Câteva reacții de biocataliză utilizate în industrie:

Obținerea catecolului
Pentru obținerea pirocatechinei (catecol) prin metoda clasică, se utilizează benzen (obținut din petrol, deci o sursă neregenerabilă) și au loc mai multe etape:
benzen --> cumen --> fenol + acetonă
 fenol  --> catecol.

În 1998, Karen M. Draths, John W. Frost au utilizat microorganisme modificate genetic pentru a obține catecolul din glucoză.
Marela avantaj al acestei metode constă în faptul că utilizează materii prime regenerabile:

Obținerea acidului adipic
Pentru reducerea emisiilor de protoxid de azot, acidul adipic (necesar pentru obținerea nylon 6 sau policaprolactam) se obține industrial prin metoda propusă de John W. Frost ce utilizează drept catalizator Eschericia coli modificat genetic:

Hidroxilarea ciclurilor aromatice și oxidarea catenelor laterale
În 1995, S. Kirner a realizat hidroxilarea microbiană a ciclurilor aromatice și oxidarea lanțurilor legate de acestea pentru compușii heteroaromatici:

Sinteza acidului 6-aminopenicilanic (Penicilina G)
Metoda clasică de obținere a Penicilinei G conținea patru etape și se realiza prin protejarea grupării carboxilice:

Metoda enzimatică constă într-o singură etapă:

Reacția Bayer-Villager
Stewart a utilizat drojdia Saccharomyces cerevisiae modificată genetic.
În cazul metodei clasice se utiliza acidul m-cloroperoxidobenzoic (m-CPB), substanță sensibilă la șocuri și explozibil.
Prin metoda biocatalitică, se realizează oxidarea cetonei, utilizând oxigenul atmosferic într-o reacție în care apa reprezintă singurul produs secundar obținut.

Enzime
Catalizatori

Biocataliză


6131 Towen este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
6131 Towen este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Observatorul Palomar de Henry E. Holt. El prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,42 ua, o excentricitate de 0,13 și o înclinație de 6,2° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 6001-7000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1990
Centura de asteroizi

6131 Towen


10211 La Spezia este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi.

Descriere
10211 La Spezia este un asteroid din centura principală de asteroizi. A fost descoperit pe  la Monte Viseggi la Observatorul astronomic din Monte Viseggi. Asteroidul prezintă o orbită caracterizată de o semiaxă mare de 2,44 ua, o excentricitate de 0,17 și o înclinație de 2,5° în raport cu ecliptica.

Vezi și
 Lista planetelor minore: 10001-11000
 Centura de asteroizi

Referințe

Obiecte astronomice descoperite în 1997
Centura de asteroizi

10211 La Spezia


Stewart Robert "Bob" Einstein (født 20. november 1942 i Los Angeles, Californien, død 2. januar 2019 i Indian Wells, Californien) var amerikansk komiker og skuespiller.

Han var storebror til Albert Brooks.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Komikere fra USA
Skuespillere fra Californien
Personer fra Los Angeles
Disney Legends
Hollywood Walk of Fame
Oscar for bedste mandlige birolle

Bob Einstein


Bar Refaeli (født 4. juni 1985) er en israelsk supermodel, tv-vært, skuespillerinde og forretningskvinde.

Som tv-vært har Refaeli været vært for X Factor Israel siden 2013 og vil samtidig være vært for Eurovision Song Contest 2019 i Tel Aviv.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fotomodeller fra Israel
Skuespillere fra Israel
Tv-værter fra Israel
Værter ved Eurovision Song Contest

Bar Refaeli


La maison (Loches, 4 Grande-Rue) est une ancienne demeure particulière dans la commune de Loches, dans le département français d'Indre-et-Loire.

Les façades et les toitures de cette maison du  sont inscrites comme monument historique en 1962.

Localisation
La maison est située dans le périmètre protégé par l'enceinte médiévale de Loches, au pied du coteau de la forteresse.

Histoire
La campagne principale de construction de cette maison remonte au .

Les étages de la façade sur rue et la toiture de la maison sont inscrites comme monument historique par arrêté du .

Description
Le rez-de-chaussée est très largement remanié mais les fenêtres superposées des premier et second étage sont encadrées de pilastres doriques du . Les larmiers et les corniches portent sont également décorés de moulures simples, l'ensemble dessinant un caisson entre les deux fenêtres.

Notes et références

Pour en savoir plus

Bibliographie
 .
 .
 .

Articles connexes
 Liste des monuments historiques de Loches
 Liste des monuments historiques protégés en 1962

Liens externes

Monument historique inscrit en 1962
Patrimoine du XVIe siècle
Monument historique à Loches
Maison monument historique (France)

Maison (Loches, 4 Grande-Rue)