نادية مصطفى (27 أكتوبر 1963 -)، مغنية مصرية، بدأت مشوارها الغنائي عام 1982، اشتهرت من خلال أغنية «سلامات» التي حققت نجاحًا آنذاك، وهي متزوجة من المغني السوري أركان فؤاد ولها منة ثلاثة بنات.

أعمالها

من أغانيها
 «مسافات»، «بكل لغات العالم»، «جوابات»، «جي ف إيه».
 «الصلح خير» كلمات مصطفى الشندويلي، وألحان حسن نشأت.
 «إلاّ رؤياك»، «لأ ده كتير»، «جمال إسكندرية»، وكلها من ألحان بليغ حمدي.
 «قلت إيه»، «شدّوني عنيك»، وكلاهما من ألحان حلمي بكر.
 «سلامات» لحن طه العجيل.
كما أنها غنت أغاني وطنية مصرية من أجمل الأغاني الوطنية مشاركة مع الفنان مدحت صالح

المراجع
 محمد قابيل، «موسوعة الغناء المصري في القرن العشرين»، الهيئة المصرية العامة للكتاب، 1999.

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
مغنيات مصريات
مواليد 1383 هـ
مواليد 1963

نادية مصطفى


Pierina Morosini, talijanska katolkinja i blaženica Katoličke Crkve, žrtva silovanja. Blaženom ju je proglasio papa Ivan Pavao II. 1987. u Vatikanu, kao mučenicu in defensum castitatis (»u obrani čednosti«). Bila je članicom Katoličke akcije.

Rođena u selu Fiobbiu blizu Bergama kao prva od devetero djece u obitelji poljoprivrednika oca Rocca Morosinija i majke Sare Noris. Krštena je prvog dana nakon rođenja imenom Pierina Eugenia. Svetu potvrdu primila je u siječnju 1937., a prvu pričest u svibnju 1938. Tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata postala je članicom Katoličke akcije. Nakon rata radila je kao krojačica u Albinu. Krajem travnja 1947. prisustvovala je s drugim članovima Katoličke akcije beatifikaciji Marije Goretti u Rimu. U poraću je pristupila franjevcima trećoredcima. Dana 4. travnja 1957. po povratku s posla napao ju je muškarac i pokušao silovati. Budući da mu se opirala, silovatelj ju je zatukao kamenom i smrskao joj lubanju. Brat ju je našao u lokvi krvi i odveo u bergamsku bolnicu u kojoj je preminula dva dana kasnije.

Izvori
 Životopis u mrežnim bazama Catholic Saints i Santi e Beati

Vanjske poveznice
 Službene stranice postulature

Talijanski blaženici

Pierina Morosini


İstanbul Hava Yolları, Bursa Havayolları'ndan sonra 1985 yılının sonlarında  Türksan Holding bünyesi altında Lütfü Renda tarafından kurulmuş ikinci özel havayolları şirketi. 1990'lı yılların başında hızla büyüyerek 19 uçak ve 3 bin 375 koltuk kapasitesi ile Türkiye'nin en büyük özel havayolu şirketi durumuna gelmişti.

1997'de Lütfü Renda'nın şirketten ayrılmasının ardından küçülmeye başlar, 450 milyon mark olan şirketin cirosu, 2000'de yaşanan krizin de etkisiyle 150 milyon marka düşmüştü. Leasing şirketleri tarafından uçaklarına el konan ve bu nedenle yolcuları havaalanlarında perişan olan şirketin 17 olan uçak sayısı üçe gerilerken, seferleri aksamaya başlamıştı. 2000 yılında, artık faaliyetlerini zorlanarak da sürdüremeyen şirket, personelinin büyük bir kısmını da işten çıkarmıştı. 30 Ağustos 2000 yılında tamamen uçuş faaliyetlerini durdurmuş ve tüm personeli işten çıkarmıştı. İstanbul Hava Yolları Genel Müdürü Safi Ergin, yaptığı yazılı açıklamada: "15 yıldır 2 bini aşkın çalışanıyla, yılda 2,5 milyon yolcuya hizmet veren İstanbul Hava Yolları'nın, son 18 aydır yaşanan depremler, petrol fiyatlarındaki artış, dolar-mark paritesi farkı, PKK ve çeşitli sorunlar nedeniyle darboğaz içine girmiştir" demişti. İstanbul Havayolları yetkilileri, iç ve dış hat uçak seferlerinin durdurulmasıyla ilgili kararın Sivil Havacılık Genel Müdürlüğü'ne iletildiğini bildirdiler.  Şirketin dönemin kur riskinden en çok etkilenen şirketlerden olduğu, giderlerinin Dolar olmasına karşılık, gelirinin Mark üzerinden olması ve Mark'ın Dolar karşısında değer kaybının İstanbul Havayolları'nın kapanmasına yol açtığı, kapanmasından bir ay önce "kurtarma" amacıyla Türk Eximbank tarafından verilen 5 milyon dolarlık kredi de durumunu kurtaramamıştır.

Safi Ergin daha sonra yaptığı bir röportajda "..(şirket) iflas etmedi. Aynı adreste devam ediyor. Ama uçuş operasyonunu durdurdu. Herkes sanıyor ki, İstanbul Havayolları battı. Halbuki İstanbul Havayolları yaşayan bir şirket, dolayısıyla öyle bir şey söz konusu değil. Onun uçuş operasyonlarını durdurmasının çok çeşitli nedenleri var. O zamanki yönetimlerin özel sektöre getirdiği çok büyük engeller neden olmuştur." demiştir. Şirketin uçuşlara tekrar başlayabilmek için denemeleri olmuş lakin şirket tekrar uçuşlarına başlayamamıştır. Personeline olan borçlarının büyük ölçüde çözen şirket, bankalarla da ödeme planında anlaşmıştı. SSK borçlarını ödemesinin ardından en büyük borç kalemi olarak Maliye'ye olan 8 trilyon 361 milyar liralık vergi borcunu ''Vergi Barışı''ından yararlanarak 4 trilyon 663 milyar lira olarak 2003 yılında ödeyip kapatmıştı. (Şirketin büyük bölümü ipotekli borçlarını çok sayıda gayrimenkul satışı yoluyla kapattığı bildirildi.)

Kaynakça

Türkiye merkezli havayolu şirketleri
Türkiye merkezli eski şirketler
İstanbul merkezli şirketler
1985'te kurulan havayolu şirketleri
2001'de kapanan şirketler

İstanbul Hava Yolları


The Paschal Triduum or Easter Triduum (Latin: Triduum Paschale), Holy Triduum (Latin: Triduum Sacrum), or the Three Days, is the period of three days that begins with the liturgy on the evening of Maundy Thursday, reaches its high point in the Easter Vigil, and closes with evening prayer on Easter Sunday. It is a moveable observance recalling the Passion, Crucifixion, Death, burial, and Resurrection of Jesus, as portrayed in the canonical Gospels.

In the Anglican, Lutheran, Methodist, Moravian and Reformed traditions, the Paschal Triduum straddles the two liturgical seasons of Lent and Easter in the Church calendar (Holy Saturday is the last day of Lent, with the Easter Vigil being the first liturgy of Eastertide). In the Roman Catholic tradition since the 1955 reform by Pope Pius XII, the Easter Triduum has been more clearly distinguished as a separate liturgical period.

Previously, all these celebrations were advanced by more than twelve hours. The Mass of the Lord's Supper and the Easter Vigil were celebrated on the morning of Thursday and Saturday respectively, and Holy Week and Lent were seen as ending only on the approach of Easter. In the Roman Rite, after the Gloria in excelsis Deo in the Mass of the Lord's Supper, all church bells are silenced (sometimes replaced by a crotalus) and the organ is not used. This period that lasted from Thursday morning to before Easter Sunday began what was once referred to in Anglo-Saxon times as "the still days". Weddings in the Catholic Church were once prohibited throughout Lent and certain other times of the year as well, and are still forbidden during the Triduum. Lutherans still discourage weddings during the entirety of Holy Week and the Easter Triduum.

Maundy Thursday (also called Holy Thursday)

In some Protestant denominations, the Triduum begins with an evening worship service on Maundy Thursday.

In the Catholic Church and in the Anglo-Catholic tradition of Anglicanism, in the Mass of the Lord's Supper, during the Gloria in Excelsis Deo, all church bells may be rung and the organ played; afterwards, bells and organ are silenced until the Gloria of the Easter Vigil. After the homily or sermon of the Mass, "where a pastoral reason suggests it", a ritual washing of the feet follows. The Mass concludes with a procession of the Blessed Sacrament to the altar of repose. This is usually followed by the stripping of the altars. Eucharistic adoration is encouraged after this, but if continued after midnight should be done without outward solemnity.

In the form of the Roman Rite in use before 1965, Mass was celebrated in the morning. Some faithful travelled to several churches to pray at each one's Altar of Repose, a practice called Seven Churches Visitation, which may also be done on Good Friday. The Mass included no washing of the feet, which could instead be done in a separate ceremony later in the day. The Mass itself concluded with a ritual stripping of all altars except the altar of repose, leaving only the cross and candlesticks. In the present form as revised in 1955, the altar is stripped bare without ceremony at some time after the evening Mass.

The liturgical colour for the Mass vestments and other ornaments is white in the Catholic and Anglican Churches. In the Lutheran Church, the liturgical colour for Maundy Thursday is white. In the Reformed tradition, white or gold may be used. In the United Methodist Church, black is used as the liturgical colour.

Good Friday

On Good Friday, Christians recall the passion and crucifixion of Jesus.

In the Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Anglo-Catholic rites, a cross or crucifix (not necessarily the one that stands on or near the altar on other days of the year) is ceremonially unveiled. (In pre-1955 services, other crucifixes were to be unveiled, without ceremony, after the Good Friday service.)  In the Catholic ritual, clergy traditionally begin the service prostrate in front of the altar. Mass is not celebrated on Good Friday and the communion distributed at the Celebration of the Lord's Passion is consecrated on Holy Thursday, hence the pre-1955 name "Mass of the Presanctified". In Anglican churches, there is no prayer of consecration on Good Friday, and the Reserved Sacrament is distributed at services on that day.

Also in Catholicism, images of saints may, in accordance with local custom, be veiled throughout the last two weeks of Lent. Votive lights before these images are not lit. Crucifixes that are movable are hidden, while those that are not movable are veiled until after the Good Friday service. Catholic faithful typically venerate the crucifix by kissing the feet of the corpus. Veneration of a simple wooden cross is common in Anglican worship, with the faithful touching or kissing it.

Colors of vestments (and hangings, if kept) vary: no colour, red, or black are used in different traditions. The Catholic Church uses red vestments, symbolic of the blood of Jesus Christ, but in the pre-1970 form of the Roman Missal the priest wears black, changing to violet for the communion part of the service. In Anglican services, black vestments are sometimes used. In the United Methodist Church, black is the liturgical colour used on Good Friday.  In the Lutheran churches, there is no liturgical color on Good Friday.  Altars remain stripped and clergy wear no vestments on this day.

Moravians hold a Lovefeast on Good Friday as they receive Holy Communion on Maundy Thursday. Communicants of the Moravian Church practice the Good Friday tradition of cleaning gravestones in Moravian cemeteries.

Holy Saturday

Also called Black Saturday, is a vigil service that is held after nightfall on Holy Saturday, or before dawn on Easter Sunday, in commemoration Jesus' death, sabbath rest, and harrowing of Hell. Many of the details that follow hold for Anglican and Evangelical Lutheran churches as well as Catholic worship.  The ceremony of darkness and light is held at the beginning of the Easter Vigil Mass. The paschal candle, whose lighting symbolizes the resurrection of Christ from the dead, is lit from the new Easter fire. The solemn procession to the altar with the Paschal candle is formed. Once everyone has processed in, the Exsultet is intoned.

After the Exsultet, everyone is seated and listens to seven readings from the Old Testament and seven Psalms. At least three of these readings and associated psalms must be read, which must include the account of the first Passover from the Book of Exodus. Pastoral conditions are taken into account when deciding on the number of readings. These readings account salvation history, beginning with Creation. In Anglican worship, there are nine possible readings from the Old Testament, and a minimum of two must be read, which must include the account of Israel's deliverance at the Red Sea.

In Catholic practice, during the Gloria at the Mass, the organ and church bells are used in the liturgy for the first time in two days.  If the lights of the Church have been previously left off, they are turned on as the Gloria begins. The Paschal candle is used to bless the baptismal font to be used in the celebration of the sacrament.  The Great Alleluia is sung before the Gospel is read, Alleluia being used for the first time since before Lent. People receiving full initiation in the Church, who have completed their training, are given the Sacraments of Christian initiation (Baptism, Confirmation, and the Holy Eucharist). In Catholic and Anglican tradition, the Easter Vigil is an especially appropriate day for Holy Baptism.

In current practice, the use of lighting to signify the emergence from sin and the resurrection of Jesus varies, from the use of candles held by parishioners as well as candelabra lit throughout the church.  If statues and images have been veiled during the last two weeks of Lent, they are unveiled, without ceremony, before the Easter Vigil service begins. (In the 1962 Catholic missal and earlier missals, they are unveiled during the "Gloria in Excelsis" of the Easter Vigil Mass.)

Color of vestments and hangings: white, often together with gold, with yellow and white flowers often in use in many parishes.

Easter Masses are held throughout the day and are similar in content to the Easter Vigil Mass.

Easter time

The date of Easter varies from year to year. It occurs on the first Sunday after the first full moon on or after 21 March, a date taken, in accordance with an ancient ecclesiastical tradition, to be that of the spring equinox, but which does not always correspond to the astronomical equinox. The Julian Calendar is taken as the basis of the calculations by nearly all Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Orthodox Churches and is accepted even by Latin Church Catholics in countries such as Ethiopia and Greece.

In the 20th and 21st centuries, the Julian Calendar's 21 March corresponds to 3 April in the Gregorian Calendar, the calendar used for civil purposes in most countries. The earliest possible date for Easter is 22 March, and the latest 25 April. These dates in the Julian Calendar now correspond to the Gregorian Calendar's 4 April and 8 May.

During the Easter octave (and also during Holy Week) no other feast is celebrated. If Easter is very early, the solemnity of the Annunciation (25 March) may fall within the octave or Holy Week and is then transferred to the Monday after the octave.

The Sundays of Advent, Lent, and Easter have precedence over all feasts and solemnities, solemnities being then transferred to the following Monday, unless they occur on Palm Sunday or on Sunday of the Lord's Resurrection. "The Solemnity of Saint Joseph, where it is observed as a Holy day of Obligation, should it fall on Palm Sunday of the Lord's Passion, is anticipated on the preceding Saturday, 18 March. Where, on the other hand, it is not observed as a Holy day of Obligation, it may be transferred by the Conference of Bishops to another day outside Lent."

The solemnity of the Ascension is on the fortieth day of Easter, which is always a Thursday, although it may be observed on the following Sunday. Pentecost (or Whitsun) is the fiftieth day.

The Easter season extends from the Easter Vigil through Pentecost Sunday on the Roman Catholic, Anglo-Catholic and Protestant calendars. In the pre-1970 Roman Catholic calendar the octave of Pentecost is included in Eastertide, which thus ends at None of the following Ember Saturday.

During the 50-day Easter period, vestments are generally white or gold, but red when celebrating apostles and martyrs and on the solemnity of Pentecost. In the pre-1970 Roman Catholic calendar, with its 56-day Eastertide, red was used during the octave of Pentecost.

See also
Holy Week
Holy Week procession

References

External links
Eighteen Questions on the Paschal Triduum
The Three Days (The United Methodist Church GBOD)

Catholic liturgy
Catholic spirituality
Holy Week
Catholic devotions

Paschal Triduum


Capilla del Sauce ist eine Stadt in Uruguay.

Geographie
Capilla del Sauce befindet sich auf dem Gebiet des Departamento Florida in dessen Sektor 7. Die umgebenden Ansiedlungen sind Estación Capilla del Sauce im Norden, Pueblo Ferrer im Ostsüdosten und Montecoral südwestlich. Während das Gebiet südlich des Ortes als Cuchilla del Rosario bezeichnet wird, erstreckt sich nördlich die Cuchilla Illescas.

Geschichte
Der Ort Capilla del Sauce fand erstmals im Jahre 1860 Erwähnung. Am 5. Juli 1956 wurde Capilla del Sauce durch die gesetzliche Regelung des Ley No. 12.298 als Villa eingestuft.

Infrastruktur
Durch den Ort führt die Ruta 6.

Einwohner
Die Einwohnerzahl von Capilla del Sauce beträgt 835 (Stand: 2011), davon 412 männliche und 423 weibliche.

Quelle: Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay

Weblinks
 INE:

Einzelnachweise

Ort im Departamento Florida

Capilla del Sauce


Jeff Grubb () este un autor american de romane, povestiri și benzi desenate precum și designer de jocuri RPG în genul fantastic. Grubb a lucrat la setările de campanie ale jocului Dungeons & Dragons: Dragonlance cu Tracy Hickman și Forgotten Realms cu Ed Greenwood.

Lucrări

Romane

Dragonlance
 Villains
 Book 5: Lord Toede (1994),

Forgotten Realms
 The Finder's Stone Trilogy (with Kate Novak)
 Azure Bonds (1988),
 The Wyvern's Spur (1990),
 Song of the Saurials (1991),
 The Harpers (with Kate Novak)
 Book 10: Masquerades (1995),
 Book 15: Finder's Bane (1997),
 The Lost Gods (with Kate Novak)
 Tymora's Luck (1997), sequel to Finder's Bane,

Magic: The Gathering
 Artifacts Series
 Book 1: The Brothers' War (1999),
 Ice Age Trilogy
 The Gathering Dark (1999)
 The Eternal Ice (2000)
 The Shattered Alliance (2000)

WarCraft
 The Last Guardian (2001), . This novel has been described as "an original tale of magic, warfare, and heroism based on the bestselling, award-winning electronic game from Blizzard Entertainment".

StarCraft
 Cruciada lui Liberty (2001),

Guild Wars
 Ghosts of Ascalon (2010),  – first novel in a three-book series of stand-alone novels set in the world of Tyria, in the 250 years that separates Guild Wars and Guild Wars 2.
 written with Matt Forbeck

Benzi desenate

Forgotten Realms DC Comics

DC Comics published 25 Forgotten Realms comics from 1 Sept 1989 to 25 Sept 1991 where Jeff Grubb was the author.

Cărți RPG
Manual of the Planes (1987) Published by TSR Inc.
d20 Modern Role-playing Game (with Bill Slavicsek, Rich Redman, and Charles Ryan)
Urban Arcana (with Eric Cagle, David Noonan, & Stan!, published by Wizards of the Coast)
Eye of the Wyvern (TSR, Inc.)  Part of TSR's "Fast-play Game" series for Dungeons & Dragons.
Karameikos: Kingdom of Adventure (with Aaron Allston and Thomas M. Reid, part of the TSR Audio Games series, TSR, Inc.)
D&D: Diablo II Adventure Game (with Bill Slavicsek, published by Wizards of the Coast)
Tempest Feud (with Owen K.C. Stephens, published by Wizards of the Coast for the Star Wars Roleplaying Game)  "Tempest Feud fails to rise to the exacting standards set by its predecessors."
M2 Maze of the Riddling Minotaur
DL7 Dragons of Light

Boot Hill
BH4 Burned Bush Wells

Marvel Super-Heroes
MARVEL SUPER HEROES game
MARVEL SUPER HEROES Advanced Set
Numerous modules

Spelljammer
Spelljammer: AD&D Adventures in Space Boxed Set (November 1989), .
Legend of Spelljammer Box Set (September 1991), .

High Adventure
Buck Rogers Adventure Game (with Steven Schend)

Miniatures games
Star Wars Miniatures: Rebel Storm (with Bill Slavicsek, Jonathon Tweet, & Rob Watkins)

Referințe și note

Legături externe
 The Alliterates Biography of Jeff Grubb
 Grubb Street: Jeff Grubb's Blog

Vezi și
Listă de scriitori de fantezie

Nașteri în 1957
Scriitori americani de literatură fantastică
Scriitori americani de literatură științifico-fantastică
Scriitori americani
Dungeons & Dragons
Dragonlance

Jeff Grubb


Fataunços Portekiz'de Vouzela belediyesine bağlı olan, 8,52 km2 yüzölçümüne sahip, 804 nüfuslu (2001) bir bucaktır (Portekizce: freguesia).

Portekiz'in freguesiaları
Vouzela

Fataunços


Andromeda, Aithopia kralı Kepheus ile Kassiopeia'nın kızı, Perseus'un eşi.

Bir akşam üzeri, Medusa'nın başını kesmiş olan Perseus, şark ülkelerine yaklaştığı sırada yeni bir macera ile karşılaşır.

Yolculuğu sırasında Andromeda ile yolları kesişir. Andromeda'nın annesi Kassiopeia kendi güzelliğini deniz tanrıçalarından daha üstün gördüğü için Poseidon'u kızdırmıştır. Poseidon, kraliçenin küstahlığını cezalandırmak için Aithopia'yı yok etmesi amacıyla bir deniz canavarı gönderir. Kassiopia'nın kızı Andromeda bu deniz canavarına kurban edilirse Aithopia ve diğer herkes kurtulacaktır. Andromeda bir kayaya zincirle bağlanır ve canavarın gelişini bekler. Perseus kızı kurtarır ve onunla evlenir. Ancak düğünde Andromeda'nın amcası ve eski nişanlısı Phineus adamlarıyla gelir ve Andromeda'yı alıkoymaya kalkar. Bazı kaynaklara göre Perseus grubu tek başına alt eder. Ancak çeşitli yazılarda bunu Medusa'nın başını kullanarak yaptığı söylenir. Sonunda Perseus ile evlenmiş ve Alkaios, Elektryon ve Sthenelos adında üç oğlu olmuştur.

Yunan mitolojisinde kişiler
Kurgusal soylular

Andromeda (mitoloji)


Wilhelm Wehrenpfennig (né le  à Blankenburg et mort le  à Berlin) est un fonctionnaire prussien, publiciste et homme politique libéral.

Biographie

Wehrenpfennig étudie la théologie à Iéna et à Berlin. Au cours de ses études, il devient membre de la fraternité Arminia à Iéna en 1847. Pendant la révolution de mars 1848/49, il combat sur les barricades de Leipzig et de Dresde, avec Johannes von Miquel et , entre autres. Il obtient son doctorat à Halle-sur-Saale en 1853 puis devient professeur du lycée de Joachimsthal de Berlin. En 1857, Wehrenpfennig devient professeur principal au . De 1858 à 1862, il est directeur du bureau littéraire du  (c'est-à-dire chef du service de l'information). De 1863 à 1883, il est rédacteur en chef et, avec Heinrich von Treitschke, co-éditeur des Annales prussiennes et 1872/73 rédacteur en chef du . En 1877, il devient conseiller privé et conseiller chargé de cours au ministère du Commerce, responsable des écoles techniques. En 1879, il rejoint le ministère de la Culture en tant que conseiller supérieur du gouvernement.

De 1868 à 1879, Wehrenpfennig est député de la Chambre des représentants de Prusse avec le Parti national-libéral. Il est également à partir de 1869 député du Reichstag de l'Allemagne du Nord pour la  et à partir de 1871 pour la  (--). Wehrenpfennig reste député du Reichstag jusqu'en 1881.

Wilhelm Wehrenpfennig décède en 1900 à l'âge de 71 ans à Berlin et il est enterré dans l'ancien cimetière Saint-Matthieu à Schöneberg. La tombe n'a pas survécu. Peu de temps avant sa mort, il obtient son diplôme de docteur-ingénieur à l'Université technique d'Aix-la-Chapelle.

Références

Bibliographie
 Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Hrsg.) u. a.: Biographisches Lexikon zur Geschichte der deutschen Sozialpolitik 1871 bis 1945. Band 1: Sozialpolitiker im Deutschen Kaiserreich 1871 bis 1918. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2010, , S. 169 f. (Online, PDF; 2,2 MB).
 Acta borussica. Band 8/II. (PDF-Datei; 2,19 MB)
 Wehrenpfennig, Wilh. In: Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon. 5. Auflage. Band 2, Leipzig 1911, S. 962. (Digitalisat)
 Helge Dvorak: Biographisches Lexikon der Deutschen Burschenschaft. Band I: Politiker. Teilband 6: T–Z. Winter, Heidelberg 2005, , S. 228–229.

Liens externes

Député du Reichstag (Empire allemand)
Député du Reichstag (confédération de l'Allemagne du Nord)
Député de la Chambre des représentants de Prusse
Membre du Zollparlament
Personnalité du Parti national-libéral (Allemagne)
Naissance en mars 1829
Naissance à Blankenburg (Harz)
Naissance dans le duché de Brunswick
Décès en juillet 1900
Décès à Berlin
Décès à 71 ans

Wilhelm Wehrenpfennig


Kosmos 2371, ruski komunikacijski satelit iz programa Kosmos. Vrste je Potok.
Lansiran je 4. srpnja 2000. godine u 23:44 s kozmodroma Bajkonura (Tjuratam) u Kazahstanu. Lansiran je u geosinkronu orbitu oko planeta Zemlje raketom nosačem Proton-K/DM-2 8K72K. Orbita mu je 35872 km u perigeju i 35916 km u apogeju. Orbitna inklinacija mu je 1,44°. Spacetrackov kataloški broj je 26394. COSPARova oznaka je 2000-036-A. Zemlju obilazi u 1441,58 minuta. Pri lansiranju bio je mase kg.

Izvori
А.Железняков. Энциклопедия "Космонавтика". Хроника освоения космоса. 2000 год. (rus.)
Heavens-above (engl.)
NASA (engl.)
Planet4589.org Tablični prikaz podataka o satelitima (engl.)

Vanjske poveznice
N2YO.com Search Satellite Database (engl.)
Celes Trak SATCAT Format Documentation (engl.)
Kunstman  Satellites in Orbit (engl.)

Sateliti Kosmos

Kosmos 2371


පොල්ගහවෙල මංසන්ධියේ දුම්රිය ස්ථානය ( ) යනු ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ වයඹ පළාතේ කුරුණගල දිස්ත්‍රික්කයේ පිහිටා ඇති ප්‍රධාන දුම්රිය මංසන්ධියකි. එය ප්‍රධාන දුම්රිය මාර්ගයේ  34 වන දුම්රිය ස්ථානය වන අතර එය  කොළඹ කොටුව දුම්රිය ස්ථානයට දුරින්    මුහුදු මට්ටමේ සිට උන්නතාංශයකින් යුතුව පිහිටා තිබේ. මෙම දුම්රිය ස්ථානය පොල්ගහවෙල මධ්‍යයේ පිහිටා ඇති අතර දුම්රිය මාර්ග දෙකකට සම්බන්ධ වන ප්‍රධාන මංසන්ධියකි. ඒවා නම් ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කඳුකරයෙන්  සහ උතුරු ප්‍රදේශයෙන් එන මාර්ගය.

 මෙම ප්‍රධාන මාර්ගය සමග සම්බන්ධ මහනුවර, මාතලේ, නාවලපිටිය සහ බදුල්ල .
 උතුරු රේඛාව අනුරාධපුර, යාපනය සහ කන්කසතුරෙයි සමඟ සම්බන්ධ වන අතර උතුරේ අනෙකුත් සියලුම රේඛාවලට මග පාදයි.

දුම්රිය ස්ථානය මගී දුම්රිය කිහිපයක පර්යන්තයක් වන අතර, සියලුම දේශීය දුම්රිය සහ දුර ගමන් දුම්රිය ප්‍රධාන මාර්ගය, උතුරු මාර්ගය, ත්‍රිකුණාමලය සහ මඩකලපුව යන මාර්ගවල ධාවනය වන දුම්රිය අතර මේම ස්ථානයේ නතර වේ. නමුත් නගරාන්තර අධිවේගී දුම්රිය දුම්රිය ස්ථානයේ නතර නොවේ.

ඉතිහාසය
මහනුවර කොළඹ දුම්රිය මාර්ගය (ප්‍රධාන දුම්රිය මාර්ගය ) පළමු අදියර සමග, අදියර ලෙස අඹේපුස්ස දුම්රිය ස්ථානය ද ඉන් පසු 1866  නොවැම්බර් -1864 දෙසැම්බර්  දී ඉදිකිරීම් අවසන් විය.  එය සාමාන්‍ය දුම්රිය ස්ථානයක් ලෙස එම වසරේම නොවැම්බර් 1 වන දින මහජනයාට විවෘත විය.  1894 දී පොල්ගහවෙල සිට කුරුණගල දක්වා නව ශාඛා මාර්ගයක් ඉදිකරන විට මෙම දුම්රිය ස්ථානය හන්දියක් බවට පත්විය. මෙය  උතුරු දුම්රිය මාර්ගය ව්‍යාපෘතියේ පළමු කොටසයි.

මෙයද බලන්න

 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දුම්රිය ස්ථාන ලැයිස්තුව
 ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දුම්රිය මාර්ග අනුව දුම්රිය ස්ථාන ලැයිස්තුව

යොමුව

Coordinates on Wikidata
Category:ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ දුම්රිය ස්ථාන

පොල්ගහවෙල දුම්රිය ස්ථානය


Le Livre d'heures de Philippe de Clèves est un petit livre d'heures manuscrit et enluminé,  probablement réalisé en Flandre peu avant 1485 pour Philippe de Clèves et conservé parmi les collections de la Bibliothèque royale de Belgique à Bruxelles (ms. IV 40).

Sommaire du manuscrit

Le manuscrit renferme :
 une liste de noms de propriétaires (fº 2r) ;
 un calendrier (fº 3r - 14v) ;
 le commencement de l'Évangile selon Jean (fº 15r - 16v) ;
 les heures de sainte Barbe (fº 17v - 28v) ;
 diverses prières, en particulier aux plaies du Christ (fº 29v - 55r) ;
 les heures de la Vierge (fº 55v - 108v) ;
 les sept psaumes pénitentiels (fº 109v - 121r) ;
 les litanies des saints et d'autres prières (fº 121v - 143v).

Description

Le livre, qui mesure 12,7 cm de haut sur 9,1 de large, n'a plus sa reliure d'origine. Il se compose de 146 feuillets de vélin. Le texte est en latin, à l'exception d'une salutation angélique en français (f°32).

Il contient 60 miniatures, dont 24 pour le calendrier ainsi que 31 petites miniatures et cinq miniatures paginales, toutes en couleur et encadrées par des bordures et des marges richement décorées de végétaux et de petits animaux représentés avec beaucoup de réalisme. Le style des miniatures est caractéristique de la période post-bourguignonne et de l'école ganto-brugeoise du dernier quart du , tandis que certaines décorations marginales à l'aquarelle, rajoutées un siècle plus tard par Hoefnagel, sont d'esprit maniériste.

Histoire

L'identité du commanditaire est révélée par sept occurrences des armoiries de la famille de Clèves de La Marck, par la présence d'un chiffre contenant des lettres « P » croisées avec des violettes dans la bordure du f° 55v, et par la mention du prénom « Phelippe » [sic] dans la prière écrite en français.

Selon Édouard Laloire, Philippe de Clèves a dû commander le livre avant 1485, date de son mariage avec Françoise de Luxembourg, dont le portrait ou les armoiries sont absents du manuscrit. Laloire n'exclut cependant pas que quelques miniatures aient pu être achevées ou ajoutées par la suite. Certains spécialistes du début du  considèrent que la réalisation du livre a eu lieu à Gand ou à Bruges entre 1485 et 1490 mais la notice de la Bibliothèque royale indique : « Gand, probablement avant 1485 ». Le livre a reçu une nouvelle reliure dès le début du , peut-être à l'occasion du changement de propriétaire consécutif à la mort de Philippe de Clèves (1528) et à la dispersion de sa riche bibliothèque.

Entre la fin des années 1570 et le début des années 1580, ou dans les années 1590, le peintre anversois Joris Hoefnagel, actif à la cour du duc de Bavière puis à celle de l'empereur Rodolphe II, complète le décor des marges avec de nombreux détails naturalistes dont le réalisme proche du trompe-l'œil opère une surenchère par rapport aux bordures illusionnistes réalisées au siècle précédent. C'est également de la fin du  que datent deux dessins sur papier collés aux fº 142v et 143r et représentant l'Homme de douleurs et la Mère de douleurs.

Au , une troisième reliure est mise en place.

Au , le livre, acquis par Charles de Brou pour le musée du palais d'Arenberg à Bruxelles, est doté d'une quatrième reliure, de velours vert. C'est ainsi qu'au début du , il appartient, à l'instar du Livre d'heures de Catherine de Clèves, à la collection du duc Engelbert-Marie d'Arenberg, où il est étudié par Laloire.

En 1958, la Bibliothèque royale de Belgique l'acquiert à l'occasion d'une vente aux enchères organisée à New York par le marchand de livres anciens . En 1961, il est doté d'une cinquième reliure créée par . Une étude scientifique en vue d'une restauration et d'une nouvelle reliure a lieu entre 2006 et 2007.

Attribution

Au fº 122v, on peut lire une mention écrite en majuscules, dans un style très différent de celui du reste du manuscrit : « HIERONIMI BOSCII BELGAE PROPRIA MANVS » (« De la propre main de Jérôme Bosch de Belgique »), suivie d'un prix en minuscules : « 670 sols », soit plus de 30 livres. En face, l'enluminure du f° 123r, consacrée à saint Christophe, est encadrée par une scène de combat entre des hommes sauvages et un monstre aquatique ayant l'aspect d'un chevalier en armure doté d'une queue de poisson. Ce dernier n'est pas sans rappeler les tritons à tête de heaume visibles sur le panneau central du Jardin des délices. Si les drôleries des manuscrits médiévaux ont un lien évident avec les « diableries » de Bosch, la participation du maître de Bois-le-Duc à l'enluminure d'un ouvrage n'est cependant pas documentée. De plus, l'inscription date vraisemblablement de la seconde moitié du , c'est-à-dire d'une époque où l'intérêt pour les œuvres de Bosch encourageait la réalisation de copies, de pastiches et de faux.

Il convient donc de ne pas se méprendre sur l'inscription du fº 122v. Selon Marisa Ann Bass, celle-ci serait en fait due à Hoefnagel, qui aurait collé, dans l'espace encadré sous le texte médiéval, un dessin qu'il attribuait à Bosch et dont il aurait indiqué ou estimé la valeur marchande. Ce précieux dessin aurait été décollé et revendu séparément à une date inconnue.

Une inscription semblable, partiellement effacée, est repérable au fº 41v, feuillet comportant également la trace d'une image décollée : « HVGONIS VERGOVS [X]LI DEPICT [PROPRI]A MANUS ». Cette inscription désigne un autre grand nom des primitifs flamands : Hugo van der Goes. C'est sous l'influence de cette indication que Laloire, en étudiant l'écriture gothique du manuscrit, a cru y reconnaître celle du scriptorium de l'abbaye du Rouge-Cloître, où Van der Goes a passé les cinq dernières années de sa vie (1477-1482).

Après avoir reconnu, dans un premier temps, que les peintures du manuscrit « offrent des types et des formes incontestablement goessesques », Hulin de Loo les a finalement rapprochées de la production d'un artiste anonyme, désigné sous le nom de convention de «  » d'après un manuscrit de 1486 conservé à la Bibliothèque nationale autrichienne (Codex Vindobonensis 1907). Plusieurs chercheurs du , dont , ont proposé d'identifier ce maître à Alexander Bening (v.1444-1519), un proche de Van der Goes.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Bibliographie
 , Le Siècle d'or de la miniature flamande : le mécénat de Philippe le Bon. Exposition organisée à l'occasion du 400 anniversaire de la fondation de la Bibliothèque royale de Philippe II à Bruxelles le 12 avril 1559, Bruxelles / Paris / Amsterdam, 1959, ,  (consultable en ligne sur Internet Archive).
 Thomas Kren et Scot McKendrick, Illuminating the Renaissance: The Triumph of Flemish Manuscript Painting in Europe, Los Angeles, Getty Publications, 2003, , 186 et 190 (consultable en ligne sur Google Livres).
 Matthijs Ilsink et collab. (BRCP), Jérôme Bosch, peintre et dessinateur : catalogue raisonné, Arles, Actes Sud, 2016,  et 51 (note 15).
 Édouard Laloire, « Le Livre d'heures de Philippe de Clèves et de La Marck, seigneur de Ravenstein », Les Arts anciens de Flandre, t. I, Bruxelles, Verbeke, 1906,  (consultable en ligne sur Internet Archive).
 Fernand de Mély, Les Primitifs et leurs signatures, t. I (Les Miniaturistes), Paris, 1913, -258 (consultable en ligne sur Gallica).
 Lieve Watteeuw, « The Conservation Assessment of an Illuminated Book of Hours. Understanding Craftsmanship Through Interdisciplinary Research: Preliminary Investigation », Diversity in Heritage Conservation: Tradition, Innovation and Participation (actes de la 15 conférence triennale du Conseil international des musées), vol. I, New Delhi, 2008, -316.

Liens externes

 Notice du catalogue de la Bibliothèque royale de Belgique (consultée le 6 décembre 2021).

Clèves, Philippe
Heures Clèves, Philippe
Heures Clèves, Philippe

Livre d'heures de Philippe de Clèves


Vejen til et nyt Sydafrika er en dokumentarfilm instrueret af Niels Frid-Nielsen efter manuskript af Niels Frid-Nielsen.

Handling
Vi er i Sydafrika et år efter det hvide apartheidstyres fald, og afholdelsen af de første demokratiske valg har fundet sted. Men den nye regering står overfor enorme problemer, som det tidligere regime har skabt. Et af dem er, at halvdelen af den sorte befolkning ikke kan læse og skrive - og mange af dem lever som arbejdsløse. I Capetowns slumbyer leder den 30-årige Iwy et beskæftigelsesprojekt for sorte gadebørn, og vi møder en række unge sorte, der fortæller om deres uddannelse og fremtidsdrømme. Undervisningsminister Bengu udtaler filmens pointe: "Et demokrati kan ikke fungere, hvis borgerne mangler uddannelse. Derfor ser vi undervisning som nøglen til hele landets succes."

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1995

Sydafrika
Dokumentarfilm fra Danmark

Vejen til et nyt Sydafrika


99 (XCIX) salı günü başlayan bir yıldır.

Olaylar
 Bir köle kızın satışını konu alan Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 581 yazıldı.

Doğumlar
 Narcissus, Hristiyan aziz

Ölümler
 I. Clemens, papa

99


ICAO flytype betegnelse () er en én-, to-, tre- eller fire tegn lang alfanumerisk kode, der entydigt betegner enhver flytype (og nogle undertyper). Koderne defineres af den Internationale organisation for civil lufttrafik (ICAO), og som udgives i ICAO Document 8643 Aircraft Type Designators.

ICAO-koder benyttes af Air Trafic Controls (ATC)er og af flyselskaber i forbindelse med flyplanlægning. Det er ikke de samme koder der benyttes af International Air Transport Association (IATA), som den almindelige offentlighed støder på i forbindelse med flyplaner og anden information omkring ankomst- og afgangstider.

Koderne
Nedenstående tabel er et uddrag af den fulde ICAO-liste, med tilhørende IATA koder hvor de findes.

Kilder

Luftfart

ICAO flytype-betegnelser


USL v. BSDi was a lawsuit brought in the United States in 1992 by Unix System Laboratories against Berkeley Software Design, Inc and the Regents of the University of California over intellectual property related to the Unix operating system; a culmination of the Unix wars. The case was settled out of court in 1994 after the judge expressed doubt in the validity of USL's intellectual property, with Novell (who by that time had bought USL) and the University agreeing not to litigate further over the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD).

Background
The suit has its roots at the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at the University of California, Berkeley, which had a license for the source code of UNIX from AT&T's Bell Labs. Students doing operating systems research at the CSRG modified and extended UNIX, and the CSRG made several releases of the modified operating system beginning in 1978, with AT&T's blessing. Because this Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) contained copyrighted AT&T Unix source code, it was only available to organizations with a source code license for Unix from AT&T.

Students and faculty at the CSRG audited the software code for the TCP/IP stack, removing all the AT&T intellectual property, and released it to the general public in 1988 as "Net/1", under the BSD license.  When it became apparent that the Berkeley CSRG would soon close, students and faculty at the CSRG began an effort to remove all the remaining AT&T code from the BSD and replace it with their own.  This effort resulted in the public release of Net/2 in 1991, again under the BSD license.  Net/2 contained enough code for a nearly complete UNIX-like system, which the CSRG believed contained no AT&T intellectual property.

Berkeley Software Design (BSDi) obtained the source for Net/2, filled in the missing pieces, and ported it to the Intel i386 computer architecture.  BSDi then sold the resulting BSD/386 operating system, which could be ordered through 1-800-ITS-UNIX.  This drew the ire of AT&T, which did not agree with BSDi's claim that BSD/386 was free of AT&T intellectual property. AT&T's Unix System Laboratories subsidiary filed suit against BSDi in New Jersey in April 1992, a suit that was later amended to include The Regents of the University of California.

USL's complaint
In the lawsuit, USL alleged that:

 The Regents of the University of California, by releasing Net/2 "based upon, substantially copied from, or derived from proprietary UNIX", had
 breached USL's software license contract;
 infringed on USL's copyright on UNIX;
 diluted USL's trademark on UNIX;
 misappropriated USL's trade secret on UNIX.

On these grounds, USL asked the court for a preliminary injunction that would bar BSDi from distributing the Net/2 software until the case was decided.

Pretrial
At a hearing, BSDi contended that they were using the sources freely distributed by the University of California plus six additional files. BSDi accepted liability for their own six files, but refused to account for the other files distributed by the University of California. The judge agreed with BSDI's argument and told USL to restate their complaint based solely on the six files or he would dismiss it. Rather than narrow down their claim, USL chose to sue BSDi and the University of California, and requested a preliminary injunction on the distribution of Net/2 from both.

In 1993, judge Dickinson R. Debevoise denied a preliminary injunction, on the grounds that USL had no valid copyright over 32V and could not show any obvious trade secret. Works published in the U.S. between January 1, 1978 and March 1, 1989, were subject to the provisions of 17 U.S.C. § 405(a), which required the copyright owner to properly affix a copyright notice to the work in order to claim copyright protection. AT&T released V32 in 1978, but omitted a notice from thousands of copies and failed to copyright 32V until 1992.

University's countersuit
In 1993, a few days after the dismissal of the preliminary injunction, the University filed a countersuit against USL in California, claiming that USL had failed to credit the University for the use of BSD code in System V, as required by the software license contract. The University demanded that USL be forced to reprint all their documentation with the appropriate due credit added, to notify all their licensees of their oversight, and to run full-page advertisements in major publications such as The Wall Street Journal and Fortune Magazine informing the public of their omission.

Settlement
In July 1993, soon after UC filed its countersuit, USL was purchased by Novell. Novell CEO Ray Noorda favored a settlement that was reached in February 1994. The salient points were:

 4.4BSD-lite to be released containing no disputed files. University to encourage licensees to switch from Net/2.
 University to cease distribution of certain files.
 USL to grant three months' grace period to users of disputed files.
 Certain files distributed by University to carry USL copyright notice.
 Certain files distributed by USL to carry University copyright notices.
 USL to permit free distribution of certain files.
 University not to actively assist in legal attempts to challenge USL's rights to certain files.

Of the 18,000 files in the Berkeley distribution, only three had to be removed and 70 modified to show USL copyright notices. A further condition of the settlement was that USL would not file further lawsuits against users and distributors of the upcoming 4.4BSD-Lite release.

See also
SCO-Linux controversies
SCO and SGI
SCO v. IBM
Red Hat v. SCO
SCO v. DaimlerChrysler
SCO v. AutoZone
SCO v. Novell
Unix wars
Clean room design

References

Berkeley Software Distribution
United States case law
University of California, Berkeley
Unix history
AT&T litigation
University of California litigation
SCO–Linux disputes

UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. v. Berkeley Software Design, Inc.


İlmihâl her Müslümanın, îmân, amel ve ahlâk ile ilgili öğrenmesi ve yapması lâzım olan bilgiler veya bu bilgileri anlatan kitaptır.

Muhtevâları

İlmihâl bilgilerine zarûrât-ı dîniyye, yâni zarûrî din bilgileri de denir. Muhammed; "İlim taleb etmek her Müslüman erkek ve kadın üzerine farzdır." buyurmuştur. Burada öğrenilmesi istenilen bilgiler, ilmihâl bilgileridir. Bunları öğrenmeyen dînin emirlerini doğru olarak yapamaz. Çocuklarına öğretmeyen, onlara karşı dînî ve insânî vazîfesini yapmamış olur. Bu bilgileri anlatan kitaplara ise, ilmihâl kitâpları denir. Bu kitâplar fazla teferruâta, inceliğe girmeden din bilgilerini lâzım olduğu kadar anlatırlar. Ehl-i Sünnetin dört kabul gören mezhebi olan Hanefî, Şâfiî, Mâlikî ve Hanbelî mezheplerinden her birine âit ilmihâl kitâbı vardır.

İlmihâl kitâplarında önce îtikâd (îmân) bilgilerine yer verilmiştir. Çünkü, inanılacak şeyler, dînin esâsını teşkil eder. Burada îmânın altı şartı, Ehl-i sünnet âlimlerinin bildirdiği şekilde anlatılır. Sonra ibâdet, helâl ve haram bilgileri anlatılır. Bundan sonra, İslâm ahlâkından bahsedilir. Bu kısım, kalbi kötülüklerden temizlemenin, kısaca iyi bir Müslüman olmanın yollarını öğretir.

Örnekler

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu zamânında her Müslümanın bu bilgileri kolayca öğrenebileceği kitaplar yazılmıştı. Îmân bilgilerine dâir Âmentü Şerhi, ibâdet mevzûsunda, Mızraklı İlmihâl, Huccet-ül-İslâm kitapları pek meşhurdu. Bunlar son zamanlara kadar halkın istifâde ettiği kitaplardır. Medreselerde ve tahsilli olanlar arasında ibâdet ve amel mevzuunda Halebî, Kudûrî ve Mültekâ el kitabı durumundaydı. Hanefî mezhebinde en kıymetli fıkıh kitabı olan İbn-i Âbidîn ise, bir mürâcaat kitabıdır.

Günümüzde pek çok ilmihâl kitapları hazırlanmıştır. Bunlar arasında baskı sayısı doksan altıyı, basım miktarı milyonları bulan, Hanefî mezhebine göre yazılmış olan Tam İlmihâl Seâdet-i Ebediyye kitabı en çok kabul görenlerindendir.

Kaynakça

 Tam İlmihâl Seâdet-i Ebediyye, 96. Baskı, Hakikat Kitabevi, İstanbul
 İslâm Ahlâkı, 56. Baskı, Serhend Kitabevi, Dortmund

İslam dini metinleri
İslam hukuku

Tam İlmihâl


The Productions of Time este un roman science fiction al scriitorului britanic John Brunner. A fost publicat pentru prima oară în Statele Unite de către Signet Books în 1967. A fost republicat de Penguin Books (în Penguin 3141) în anul 1970 și de DAW Books (în DAW 261) în 1977.

Note

Legături externe
 Istoria publicării romanului The Productions of Time pe ISFDB

Vezi și

Cărți din 1967
Romane științifico-fantastice
Opere de John Brunner
1967 în științifico-fantastic

The Productions of Time


An Tillandsia bartramii in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Stephen Elliott. An Tillandsia bartramii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Tillandsia, ngan familia nga Bromeliaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Tillandsia

Tillandsia bartramii


Arfa Karim Randhawa (*ارفع کریم رندھاوا, en idioma urdú; Faisalabad, 2 de febrero de 1995 - Lajore, 14 de enero de 2012) fue una estudiante y niña prodigio pakistaní.

En 2004, a la edad de nueve años, se convirtió en la Microsoft Certified Professional (MCP) más joven del mundo, un título que mantuvo hasta 2008. Fue invitada por Bill Gates a visitar la sede de Microsoft en Seattle, Estados Unidos.

El 2 de agosto de 2005, Arfa Karim fue galardonada con la Medalla de Oro Fatimah Jinnah en Ciencia y Tecnología por el Primer Ministro del Pakistán, Shaukat Aziz. En agosto de 2005 también recibió el Premio Salaam Pakistan Youth Award, presentado por el entonces Presidente de Pakistán Pervez Musharraf. También fue la receptora más joven del Premio al Orgullo de Actuación del Presidente del Pakistán.

El 22 de diciembre de 2011 sufrió un paro cardiorrespiratorio, que la dejó en coma. Falleció veinte días después, el 14 de enero de 2012.

Un parque tecnológico en Lahore fue nombrado «Parque de Tecnología de Software «Arfa» en su honor.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Honor to Arfa Karim Randhawa, artículo en inglés publicado en el sitio web Pakistán Telecom.

Personalidades de las tecnologías de la información
Fallecidos por infarto agudo de miocardio
Mujeres de Pakistán del siglo XXI

Arfa Karim


Bou Sra es una cascada en la provincia de Mondol Kirí, en Camboya. Se encuentra en el distrito Pechr Chenda, a 43 kilómetros de la localidad de Senmonorom (la capital de esta provincia), a lo largo de un camino de tierra roja.

En su primera etapa, la cascada tiene un diámetro de 15 metros y una altura de 15 a 20 metros durante la temporada de lluvias, y un diámetro de 20 metros de altura y 18-25 metros en la estación seca.

La segunda etapa de la cascada se encuentra a 150 metros de la primera etapa. Durante la estación seca tiene un diámetro de 23 m y una altura de 15-20m, y durante la temporada de lluvias tiene un diámetro de 20 metros de altura y 18-25m.

En la tercera etapa, la caída de agua es más fuerte que en la segunda etapa, pero no puede ser alcanzado por el hombre debido a las obstrucciones geográficas.

Galería

Véase también
Geografía de Camboya
Geografía de Asia

Referencias

Cascadas de Camboya

Cascada Bou Sra


Katrin Leumann (* 8. Februar 1982 in Basel) ist eine ehemalige Schweizer Mountainbikerin und Querfeldein-Fahrerin.

Biografie
Katrin Leumann begann mit dem Biken im Alter von 15 Jahren, als sie zur Konfirmation ein Mountainbike erhielt. Mehrere Jahre fuhr sie in der Kategorie Fun, auch weil die Kategorie U-23 bei den Damen erst 2006 eingeführt wurde, als sie bereits zu alt war. Als erste Topplatzierung erreichte sie 2003 beim Weltcup-Rennen in St. Wendel Platz zehn. 2004 wurde sie erstmals Schweizer Meisterin im Cross-Country, ein Erfolg, den sie 2008 und 2009 wiederholen konnte. Bei den Olympischen Spielen 2004 in Athen wurde sie einen Tag vor dem Cross-Country-Rennen als Ersatz für die verletzte Petra Henzi eingeflogen. Leumann belegte schliesslich Platz 19.

Ihren bisher grössten Erfolg erzielte sie 2010, als sie an den UEC-Mountainbike-Europameisterschaften in Haifa die Goldmedaille im Olympischen Cross-Country sowie mit der Staffel gewann. Bei den Mountainbike-Weltmeisterschaften 2010 in Mont Sainte-Anne holte sie ebenfalls Gold mit der Schweizer Staffel.

Seit 2011 fuhr Leumann für das Ghost Factory Racing Team, nachdem sie zuvor einige Jahre als Einzelfahrerin im Weltcup mitgefahren war. Im Jahr 2012 gewann sie noch einmal Silber bei den Europameisterschaften im Staffelrennen. 2012 qualifizierte sie sich das zweite Mal für die Olympischen Spiele, im Cross-Country belegte sie erneut den 19. Platz.

Neben Mountainbike fuhr Leumann auch Querfeldein-Rennen. 2007 wurde sie Schweizer Meisterin, und in den Jahren 2008 bis 2012 wurde sie jeweils Zweite.

Im Vorfeld der Mountainbike-Weltmeisterschaften in Lenzerheide gab Leumann aufgrund ihrer Schwangerschaft den Rücktritt vom Profisport bekannt.

Katrin Leumann ist Mitglied des Velo-Clubs Riehen. 2010 erhielt sie den Sportpreis der Gemeinde Riehen. Sie ist gelernte Kindergärtnerin und Unterstufenlehrerin und wohnt in Riehen.

Ehrungen
 2010 Mitglied der «Mannschaft des Jahres» bei den Swiss Cycling Awards

Erfolge

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2004
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2012
Mountainbikefahrer
Cyclocrossfahrer
Radsportler des Jahres (Schweiz)
Weltmeister (Radsport)
Europameister (Radsport)
Olympiateilnehmer (Schweiz)
Schweizer Meister (Radsport)
Schweizer
Geboren 1982
Frau

Katrin Leumann


Zooplus AG sa sjedištem u Münchenu je osnivač web trgovine za potrebe kućnih ljubimaca. Uz web trgovinu, zooplus se bavi pružanjem informacija o svemu vezanom za kućne ljubimce i izgradnjom zajednice oko te tematike.
Tvrtka se predstavlja kao "vodeća online trgovina za kućne ljubimce" i taj navod opravdava ukupnom zaradom (unutar Europe) od 571 milijun eura u 2014. godini. Asortiman obuhvaća više od 8000 artikala. Prema navodima zooplusa njihova baza kupaca iznosi oko 3,34 milijuna "aktivnih" kupaca.
Tvrtka je 2014. bila aktivna u 28 zemalja, među njima najjača tržišta su bila u Njemačkoj, Austriji, Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, Francuskoj i Nizozemskoj.

Dioničari

Najveći dioničari tvrtke su, od 27. veljače 2015., različite tvrtke izdavačke kuće Huber Burda Media (sa zajedno od 29,84% dionica čine najvećeg pojedinačnog dioničara) i, od kolovoza 2014., zaklada RAG (indirektno preko fondova Maxburg Capital na dan bilance oko 14%).

Povijest

Zooplus AG je osnovan 28. lipnja 1999. godine. Trgovačko društvo je uvršteno na Frankfurtsku burzu vrijednosnih papira bez izdavanja novih dionica u segmentu Entry Standard, a kasnije je dodano u Entry Standard Index. 2008. se pravno sjedište firme preselilo iz Unterföhringa u München. Centralno skladište se nalazi u Tiringiji u mjestu Hörselgau. S datumom 31. prosinca 2008. je zooplus imao 79 zaposlenika i postigao promet od 80,34 milijuna eura.
22. listopada 2009. se zooplus prebacio u Prime Standard na frankfurtskoj burzi. 31. prosinca 2009. je broj zaposlenih iznosio 108. U istom vremenskom razdoblju se promet povećao za više od 60% na 127,71 milijuna eura. Od 29. srpnja 2011. su dionice uvrštene na SDAX.

Nagrade

 2002. je zooplus AG nagrađen Njemačkom internetskom nagradom (Deutscher Internetpreis) Saveznog udruženja za informacije, telekomunikacije i nove medije (BITKOM). Te godine je glavna tema glasila "Srednji sloj na internetu", a zooplus je dobio nagradu u kategoriji "Predstavljanje poslovanja s dodanom vrijednosti na internetu".

 2013. je zooplus nagrađen nagradom za web trgovine u području kućnih ljubimaca. Nagrada za online trgovca u kategoriji kućni ljubimci

 2016. je zooplus.hr u Hrvatskoj proglašen najboljim web trgovcem godine u kategoriji Kućni ljubimci.

 2017. je zooplus.hr ponovo proglašen najboljim web trgovcem godine u Hrvatskoj u kategoriji Kućni ljubimci.

Izvori

Njemačke tvrtke
Gospodarstvo Münchena

Zooplus


This is a list of Norwegian radio stations or stations that broadcast for a Norwegian language audience.

Radio stations

Public radio stations broadcasting in analogue

Note:These major radio stations will shut broadcasts via FM and be digital during 2017.

NRK's regional broadcasting
Part of the program services of NRK P1

See List of Norwegian Broadcasting Corporations regional broadcasts

Current FM band in Oslo
The following radio stations are located in and transmitted from Oslo, Norway. There are 17 radio stations in Oslo.

 90.1 FM - 901 ROX
 99.3 FM - Radio Nova
 104.8 FM - The Beat
 105.8 FM - RLA 105.8 (RLA - Radio Latin Amerika)
 106.8 FM - Radio Metro (Also FM available in some other Norwegian major cities)

Digital Radio Stations

NRK

 NRK 5.1
 NRK Alltid Nyheter - 24/7 news
 NRK Båtvær - 24/7 weather forecast on DAB only
 NRK Folkemusikk - 24/7 Traditional Norwegian folk music
 NRK P1+ - A spinoff of P1, targeting a mature audience
 NRK P13 - 24/7 rock and indie music
 NRK Jazz
 NRK Klassisk - 24/7 classical music
 NRK mP3 - 24/7 dance music (also called mP3)
 NRK Sápmi - in Sami languages
 NRK Sport - 24/7 sports channel
 NRK Stortinget - broadcasts when parliament (Storting) is in session.
 NRK Super - 24/7 for children
 NRK P3 National Rap Show - 24/7 Rap music
 NRK P3 Pyro - 24/7 the "hardest parts" of rock music
 NRK P3 Radioresepsjonen - 24/7 humorous talk show in Norwegian
 NRK P3 Urørt - 24/7 untouched music (not previously played on the radio)

Commercial
The following nationwide radio stations are privately owned and broadcast commercial breaks.

Run by P4

NRJ (Norway)
P5 Hits
P6 Rock
P7 Klem
P8 Pop
P9 Retro
P10 Country
P11 Bandit

Run by Radio Norge

 Kiss & Dance
 Norsk Pop
 Radio Rock
 Radio Soft
 Topp 40
 Vinyl

Others
 Ordentlig Radio
 RADIO NORWAY DIRECT - 24/7 English Language Radio in Norway Music News and Comment
 VOXLO RADIO - First 24/7 Multi Ethnic Radio in Norway - Music, Lifestyle and Culture - www.voxloradio.com

Regional radio stations
These stations are available in several larger Norwegian cities

 Radio Metro
 The Beat

Local radio stations

 1 FM Molde
 Askøy lokal
 Bjørnefjord Nærkringkasting
 Bygderadio Vest
 Bykle Radio
 Båtsfjord Radio
 City Radio & TV
 Den Frie Evangel. Fors. Radio
 Drangedal Nærradio
 Ekko Radio
 ETS-Radioen
 Favorite FM
 Filadelfia Radio
 FM1 Romerike
 Gimlekollen Radio
 Gnisten Radio, Bergen
 Godt Nytt Radio
 Guovdageinnu Lagasradio
 Halden Nærradio
 Hallo Kragerø
 Hallo Sogn
 Havøysund Nærradio
 Hjalarhornet Radio
 Hjerteradioen
 Horten Nærradio HNR
 Håpets Røst
 Innlandet Nærradio
 Islandsradioen
 Jæren misjonsradio
 JærRadioen
 Kanal 1 Drammen
 Kanal 1 Elverum
 Kanal 1 Nesodden
 Kanal 7 Bergen
 Kanal 7 Oslo
 Klem FM
 Kontakt Radio
 Kristenradio Tønsberg
 Kystradioen, Askøy
 Kystradioen, Bergen
 Lindesnes Nærradio
 LiquidFM
 Lofotradioen
 Malecón Radio
 Magic Weekend
 Mediekultur Radio
 Meldal Radio
 Misjonsradioen, Sandefjord
 Mistberget Radio
 Mjøsradioen
 Morgenradioen
 Moskenesradioen
 Møtet med Jesus nærradio
 Narvik Studentradio
 NB Radio
 NEA Radio
 Nesna Radio
 NKK Radio
 Norddals-Radioen
 Nordfjord Nærradio
 Norea Radio Oslo
 Norrøna Radio Molde
 Norrøna Radio, Volda/Ørsta
 Norrøna Radio, Ålesund
 NRJ Energy
 Nye Radio Larvik
 Nytt Liv Media
 Nærkanalen
 Ottadalsradioen
 P5 Fosen
 P5 Ringerike
 P5 Solungen
 P7-Kristen Riksradio
 PVest Sogn og Fjordane
 Radio 1 Bergen
 Radio 1 Oslo
 Radio 1 Stavanger
 Radio 1 Trondheim
 Radio 102
 Radio 3 Bodø
 Radio 3 Rana
 Radio 5
 Radio 7
 Radio Acem
 Radio Adressa
 Radio Aftenbladet
 Radio Alta
 Radio Arbeidet
 Radio Arco Iris
 Radio Atlantic
 Radio Bardufoss
 Radio Beiarn
 Radio Bergenhus
 Radio Betel
 Radio Bø
 Radio City
 Radio Doaivu
 Radio Domen
 Radio Drammen
 Radio DSF
 Radio E6
 Radio Evje
 Radio Fana
 Radio Filadelfia, Drammen
 Radio Filadelfia, Kristiansand
 Radio Fitjar
 Radio Folgefonn
 Radio Follo
 Radio Fosen
 Radio Fredrikstad
 Radio Glåmdal
 Radio Gnisten
 Radio Godt Nytt
 Radio Grenland
 Radio Grimstad
 Radio Groruddalen
 Radio Hallingdal
 Radio Hamar
 Radio Hammerfest
 Radio Harstad
 Radio Haugaland
 Radio Helgeland
 Radio Horisont
 Radio Hurum og Røyken A/L
 Radio Hålogaland
 Radio Inter FM
 Radio Internasjonal
 Radio Islam Ahmadiyya
 Radio Karlsøy
 Radio Kongsvinger
 Radio Korgen
 Radio Kristiania
 Radio Kristiansand
 Radio Kvinesdal
 Radio L Lillesand Nærradio
 Radio Laagen
 Radio Latin-Amerika
 Radio Lierne
 Radio Loland A/L
 Radio Luster
 Radio Lyngdal
 Radio Lødingen
 Radio Maran Ata
 Radio Mehamn A/L
 Radio Melbu
 Radio Midt-Telemark
 Radio Midt-Troms A/S
 Radio Midt-Trøndelag
 Radio Midt-Østerdal
 Radio Modum
 Radio Mosjøen
 Radio Moss
 Radio Narvik
 Radio Naustloftet
 Radio New Life
 Radio Nord
 Radio Nord-Salten
 Radio Nordkapp
 Radio Nordsjø
 Radio Nova
 Radio Oslo
 Radio Osterøy
 Radio P5
 Radio Porsanger
 Radio PR
 Radio PS
 Radio På sporet
 Radio R 35
 Radio Randsfjord
 Radio Rauma
 Radio Reboot
 Radio Risør
 Radio Rjukan
 Radio Røst
 Radio Salem
 Radio Salten
 Radio Sandnes
 Radio Sara
 Radio Sarpsborg
 Radio Sentrum, Oslo
 Radio Sentrum, Trondheim
 Radio Sentrum, Ålesund
 Radio Ski
 Radio Skjeberg
 Radio Solør Våler Nærradio
 Radio Sotra
 Radio Stavanger
 Radio Storfjord
 Radio Stryn
 Radio Sunnhordland
 Radio Søgne
 Radio Sør-Helgeland
 Radio Tabernaklet
 Radio Tamil Murasam
 Radio Tamil, Bergen
 Radio Tamil, Ålesund
 Radio Tango
 Radio Telemark
 Radio Toten
 Radio Tri
 Radio Tromsø
 Radio Tønsberg
 Radio Ung
 Radio Vaksdal
 Radio Vega AL
 Radio Vest-Telemark
 Radio Vika
 Radio Visjon
 Radio Volda
 Radio Voz Latina
 Radio Værøy
 Radio Ytringen
 Radio Ålesund
 Radio Øksnes
 Radio Øst
 Radio+ Lillehammer og Gjøvik
 Radio-PX
 Radiodigital 80 tallet
 radiOrakel
 Radios
 Radium
 Romerike Radio
 Sandefjord Radio
 Scandinavian Satellite Radio
 Skjervøy Nærradio
 Stage Radio
 Studentradioen i Bergen
 Sunnmørsposten
 Teipen Radio
 Telerosa Radio
 Tellus Radio
 Tyrifjord Radio Kanal 7
 Valdres Radio
 Varanger Radio
 Vekkelsesradio'n
 VOXLO RADIO
 Østlandets Kanal 1

Coast radio stations
Tjøme radio (LGT)
Rogaland radio (LGB)
Florø radio (LGL)
Bodø radio (LGP)
Vardø radio (LGV)
Svalbard radio (LGS)

References

Radio stations in Norway
Radio
Norwegian

List of Norwegian-language radio stations


The atrioventricular node or AV node electrically connects the heart's atria and ventricles to coordinate beating in the top of the heart; it is part of the electrical conduction system of the heart. The AV node lies at the lower back section of the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus, and conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles. The AV node is quite compact (~1 x 3 x 5 mm).

Structure

Location
The AV node lies at the lower back section of the interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles. The AV node is quite compact (~1 x 3 x 5 mm). It is located at the center of Koch's triangle—a triangle enclosed by the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve, the coronary sinus, and the membranous part of the interatrial septum.

Blood supply
The blood supply of the AV node is from the atrioventricular nodal branch. The origin of this artery is most commonly (80–90% of hearts) a branch of the right coronary artery, with the remainder originating from the left circumflex artery. This is associated with the dominance of the coronary artery circulation. In right-dominant individuals the blood supply is from the right coronary artery while in left dominant individuals it originates from the left circumflex artery.

Development
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) cell signaling plays a key role in diverse aspects of cardiac differentiation and morphogenesis. (BMPs) are multifunctional signaling molecules critical for the development of AV node. BMP influences AV node development through Alk3 receptor (Activin receptor-like kinase 3). Abnormalities seen in BMP and Alk3 are associated with some cardiovascular diseases like Ebstein's anomaly and AV conduction disease.

Function

The AV node receives two inputs from the right atrium: posteriorly, via the crista terminalis, and anteriorly, via the interatrial septum.

Contraction of heart muscle cells requires depolarization and repolarization of their cell membranes. Movement of ions across cell membranes causes these events. The cardiac conduction system (and AV node part of it) coordinates myocyte mechanical activity. A wave of excitation spreads out from the sinoatrial node through the atria along specialized conduction channels. This activates the AV node. The atrioventricular node delays impulses by approximately 0.09s. This delay in the cardiac pulse is extremely important: It ensures that the atria have ejected their blood into the ventricles first before the ventricles contract.

This also protects the ventricles from excessively fast rate response to atrial arrhythmias (see below).

AV conduction during normal cardiac rhythm occurs through two different pathways:
 the first "pathway" has a slow conduction velocity but shorter refractory period
 the second "pathway" has a faster conduction velocity but longer refractory period.

An important property that is unique to the AV node is decremental conduction, in which the more frequently the node is stimulated the slower it conducts. This is the property of the AV node that prevents rapid conduction to the ventricle in cases of rapid atrial rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter.

The AV node's normal intrinsic firing rate without stimulation (such as that from the SA node) is 40–60 times/minute. This property is important because loss of the conduction system before the AV node should still result in pacing of the ventricles by the slower pacemaking ability of the AV node.

Clinical significance
 Atrioventricular conduction disease (AV block) describes impairment of the electrical continuity between the atria and ventricles. It occurs when the atrial depolarization fails to reach the ventricles or is conducted with an abnormally long delay. It can result from an injury or be a genetically inherited disorder.
 Atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia, which is caused by a dual AV node physiology and AVNRT can only occur in people with it, however almost half of the population have it, though only a few of them will develop AVNRT at some point in life.
 Cystic tumour of atrioventricular nodal region (CTAVN) CTAVN is of endodermal origin and occurs exclusively in the area of the AV node, tricuspid valve, and interatrial septum.

See also

 Junctional rhythm

References

External links
  – "The conduction system of the heart."
  ()
 https://web.archive.org/web/20070929080346/http://www.healthyheart.nhs.uk/heart_works/heart03.shtml

Cardiac anatomy

Atrioventricular node


AzTV Azerbaycan'ın ilk televizyon ve radyo kanalıdır. Radyo yayınlarına 1926, televizyon yayınlarına ise 1955'te başladı. 2007 yılında EBU üyesi olup Eurovision'a katılmak istemişse de Avrupa Yayın Birliği'nin Ocak 2007'de aldığı bir karara göre üyelik başvurusu "devletten yeteri kadar bağımsız olmadığı" gerekçesiyle reddedildi.Şu anda Uefa Avrupa Ligi ve Şampiyonlar Ligi yayınları da yapmaktadır. Türksat uydusundaki yayını kesilmiştir. Yayın Azerspace-1 uydusundan devam etmektedir.

Dış bağlantılar

Kaynakça

Azerbaycan televizyon kanalları
Azerice televizyon kanalları
1956'da kurulan televizyon kanalları ve istasyonları

Azerbaycan Televizyonu


بليمور Bel Imour

مركز السّاكنة بليمور، أنشئ في 1877-1878 في البلدية المختلطة برج بوعريريج (المعاضيد فيما بعد). حملت بليمور اسم سيريز (Ceres أو  Cérez) من خلال المرسوم المؤرخ في 9 أفريل 1889.
وقد شيّدت كبلدية بموجب المرسوم المؤرخ في 14 يناير 1957، مع مركز العناصر وجزء من دوار سيدي امبارك. الاسم الحالي: بليمور Bel Imour.

الشّانية Chenia

قرية تابعة لبليمور (سيريز فيما بعد)، تمّ إنشاؤها سنة877ق.م.

سمّيت الشانية، أيضا ببرج الشانية، وكانت ضمن الأراضي التي كانت للباشاغا سي محمد بن الحاج أحمد المقراني سيادة واسعة عليها، وتقع ضمن إقليم خليفة مجانة.

يذكر أن عديد المناطق ببرج بوعريريج حملت اسم البرج، منها برج بوعريريج، برج الغدير، برج زمورة، برج الشانية، برج مجانة.

سميت باسم بليمور لان ملكة فرنسا في ذلك التاريخ اسمها بيل توفيت لذلك حملت هذا الاسم لان الجملة بليمور جملة فرنسية وهي Bel est mort والمختصرة Belimour

طابع البلدية
بلدية بليمور جل مساحتها ذات طابع فلاحي

وهي بلدية سياحية بإمتياز

عدد السكان
بليمور 15ألف نسمة

الشانية 7500

المجتمع المدني
الجمعيات البالغ عددها 21 جمعية بين ثقافية ورياضية وجمعيات الأحياء.
البرامج الهامة التي استفادت منها البلدية بالإضافة إلى المشاريع التنموية المختلفة :
استفادت البلدية من البرامج القطاعية :
برنامج حماية حوض القصب، نوع العملية، تشجير 600 هكتار.انتهء المشروع.
صندوق الهضاب العليا : تهيئة ورفع حصى المحجرة على 05 كلم، ذراع الشيح، فك العزلة.منتهي

مؤشرات التنمية
الربط بالغاز الطبيعي، شبكة الكهرباء، الصرف الصحي، مياه الشرب.
الهيئات الحضرية :
أولاد براهيمي، المعاليق، الطبب، بنت أوحيدة، تجزئة 116، تجزئة 1964 الشانية، حي النصر، تجزئة 165، تجزئة 53، تجزئة 188
تجزئة 1980، تجزئة 1964 بليمور.

بناء ملعب الشهيد فرحات حاجي

ومدرسة حاجي علي

مراجع

بلديات ولاية برج بوعريريج

بليمور


Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar CSsR (* 4. März 1958 in Génova) ist ein kolumbianischer Ordensgeistlicher und römisch-katholischer Bischof von Riohacha.

Leben
Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar besuchte das Kleine Seminar San Clemente María Hofbauer in Manizales. Anschließend trat er der Ordensgemeinschaft der Redemptoristen bei und legte am 5. August 1984 die ewige Profess ab. Ceballos Escobar studierte Philosophie am Centro Pastoral de Filosofia in Bogotá und Katholische Theologie am Teologado Interprovincial Redentorista in Tlalpizáhuac sowie an der Päpstlichen Universität Xaveriana in Bogotá. Er empfing am 29. Juni 1985 die Priesterweihe.

Nach der Priesterweihe war Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar zunächst als Seelsorger in Manizales tätig, bevor er 1986 Pfarrvikar der Pfarrei Sant'Alfonso in Bogotá wurde. Von 1987 bis 1989 war er Direktor und Lehrer am Kleinen Seminar der Redemptoristen in Manizales. 1989 wurde Ceballos Escobar Direktor des Kleinen Seminars des Apostolischen Vikariats Sibundoy. Von 1990 bis 1995 war er Regens des Priesterseminars der Redemptoristen in Manizales. Ceballos Escobar erwarb 1998 an der Universidad Santo Tomás in Bogotá ein Lizenziat im Fach Bildungswissenschaften. Von 1998 bis 2001 war er Superior der Ordensniederlassung in Bogotá. 1999 wurde Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar zudem Provinzialrat und Leiter des Sekretariats für Bildung der Redemptoristen. Von 2001 bis 2008 war er für zwei Amtszeiten Provinzial der kolumbianischen Ordensprovinz der Redemptoristen, bevor er am 3. September 2008 Provikar des Apostolischen Vikariats Puerto Carreño wurde.

Papst Benedikt XVI. bestellte ihn am 10. Juni 2010 zum Apostolischen Vikar von Puerto Carreño und Titularbischof von Zarna. Die Bischofsweihe spendete ihm Erzbischof Aldo Cavalli, Apostolischer Nuntius in Kolumbien, am 30. Juli desselben Jahres; Mitkonsekratoren waren Alvaro Efrén Rincón Rojas CSsR, emeritierter Apostolischer Vikar von Puerto Carreño, und Fabio de Jesús Morales Grisales CSsR, emeritierter Bischof von Mocoa-Sibundoy. Die Amtseinführung fand am 22. August desselben Jahres statt.

Am 22. April 2020 ernannte ihn Papst Franziskus zum Bischof von Riohacha. Die Amtseinführung erfolgte am 4. Juni desselben Jahres.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Römisch-katholischer Bischof (21. Jahrhundert)
Apostolischer Vikar
Titularbischof
Provinzsuperior
Redemptorist
Kolumbianer
Geboren 1958
Mann

Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar


In Afro-Caribbean music, mambo is the section of an arrangement in Danzón and related styles, which features instrumental improvisation.

History
The beginning of the evolution of this section from montuno is attributed to Machito and his Afro-Cubans, who included material, new to Afro-Caribbean music, for brass and saxophones, borrowed from the big band style.

Israel "Cachao" López added an open vamp to Danzón and called it "nuevo ritmo" ("new rhythm"), which was later called "Mambo section." and eventually evolved into Mambo music.

See also

Afro-Caribbean music

References

Danzón
Mambo

Mambo section


Kaito Taniguchi (født 7. september 1995) er en japansk fodboldspiller, som spiller for den japanske fodboldklub Iwate Grulla Morioka.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Kaito Taniguchi


Fran Milobar (Petrinja, 19. prosinca 1869.  Zagreb, 9. listopada 1945.)

Bio je hrvatski pravnik i pravaški političar, zagovornik parlamentarnog monarhizam i trijalizma. Urednik pravaškog glasila u Varaždinu.

Izvori

Hrvatski pravnici
Hrvatski pravaški političari
Životopisi, Petrinja
Životopisi, Zagreb

Fran Milobar


No Prayer for the Dying, İngiliz Heavy Metal grubu Iron Maiden'ın sekizinci stüdyo albümüdür. Albüm 1 Ekim 1990 tarihinde yayımlanmıştır. Adrian Smith'in yerine gelen Janick Gers'in grupla yaptığı ilk stüdyo albümüdür. Prodüktörlüğünü Martin Birch yapmıştır. Albüm İngiltere listelerinde 2 numaraya yükselmiştir.

Parça listesi
 "Tail Gunner" (Dickinson, Harris) - 4:15
 "Holy Smoke" (Dickinson, Harris) - 3:49
 "No Prayer for the Dying" (Harris) - 4:23
 "Public Enema Number One" (Dickinson, Murray) - 4:13
 "Fates Warning" (Harris, Murray) - 4:12
 "The Assassin" (Harris) - 4:35
 "Run Silent Run Deep" (Dickinson, Harris) - 4:35
 "Hooks in You" (Dickinson, Smith) - 4:08
 "Bring Your Daughter... to the Slaughter" (Dickinson) - 4:45
 "Mother Russia" (Harris) - 8:02

1995 Yeniden Basım Bonus CD
 "All In Your Mind"
 "Kill Me Ce Soir"
 "I'm A Mover"
 "Communication Breakdown"

Kadro
 Bruce Dickinson: Vokal
 Steve Harris: Bas Gitar
 Dave Murray: Gitar
 Janick Gers: Gitar
 Nicko McBrain: Davul
 Michael Kenney - Keyboard

Kaynakça

1990 albümleri
Iron Maiden albümleri
Heavy metal albümleri

No Prayer for the Dying (albüm)


باتلفيلد  وهي سلسلة ألعاب فيديو من نوع تصويب منظور الشخص الأول من تطوير ديجيتال إلوجينز سي إي ونشر إلكترونيك آرتس.
صدرت لعبة باتل فيلد 1942 أول لعبة فيديو من السلسلة على مايكروسوفت ويندوز وماك أو إس إكس في 2002.

وصل عدد لاعبين باتلفيلد من عام 2002 إلى 2012 إلى أكثر من 50 مليون لاعب.

الألعاب

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

ألعاب إلكترونيك آرتس
ألعاب تصويب منظور الشخص الأول
سلاسل ألعاب الفيديو
سلاسل ألعاب فيديو ظهرت في سنة 2002
سلاسل إلكترونيك آرتس
سلسلة باتلفيلد
منظور الشخص الأول حسب السلاسل

باتلفيلد (سلسلة)


Henri Jean Émile Bénard (23 de junio de 1844-15 de octubre de 1929) fue un arquitecto y pintor francés.

Educado en la École des Beaux-Arts, ganó el prestigioso Concurso Internacional de Arquitectura Phoebe Hearst en 1899 por su proyecto Roma.

Entre sus trabajos destacan la construcción de la Facultad de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Berkeley, el proyecto para el Palacio Legislativo de México en 1909 -que se convertiría en el Monumento a la Revolución- y fue asistente de diseño de Charles Garnier en la afamada Ópera de París.

Véase también
 Portal de los Leones en Bosque de Chapultepec

Nacidos en Sena Marítimo
Arquitectos de Francia del siglo XIX
Arquitectos de Francia del siglo XX
Arquitectos historicistas
Arquitectos del Neogótico
Pintores de Francia del siglo XIX
Pintores de Francia del siglo XX
Acuarelistas
Alumnado de la École nationale supérieure des beaux-arts
Premio de Roma en arquitectura
Caballeros de la Legión de Honor

Émile Bénard


حسن عبد الله علي الشرفي (1944 - 25 مايو 2020) شاعرُ وأديبٌ من اليمن، يعد من أهم القامات الشعرية اليمنية في القرن العشرين، تميز بغزارة إنتاجه الأدبي مع إجادة واضحة ومقدرة فذة على تطويع اللغة وامتلاكه لمخزون لا ينضب من المفردات مما مكنه من كتابة الشعر بأنوعه «العمودي والحميني والتفعلية».

ولد سنة 1944 م في قرية الشاهلي بمحافظة حجه شمال غرب اليمن، وتوفي في صنعاء يوم الإثنين 25 مايو 2020 م، وبدأ كتابة الشعر عام 1958م في سنٍ مبكرةٍ إذ كان ما يزال طالب بالمدرسة العلمية بالمحابشة، وقد ساعده إتمامه لحفظ القرآن الكريم ومتطلبات اللغة العربية على التخرج من المدرسة العلمية والالتحاق بدار المعلمين بالعاصمة صنعاء حتى قيام الثورة اليمنية في 26 سبتمبر 1962م حيث تم تكليفه مع مجموعة من زملائه للتعريف بالجمهورية وأهدافها ومميزاتها في المناطق التي كانت ماتزال تحت سيطرة الملكيين. خلال السنوات السبع المضطربة التي تلت الثورة اليمنية في 1962م اشتغل بالتدريس مع القليل من الأعمال الحرة السائده كالمقاولات والخياطة والتطبيب واستمر حتى عام 1970م.

التحق بعد ذلك بالسلك الحكومي ضمن كادر وزارة الإدارة المحلية في عدة وظائف أخرها مديراً لمديرية أفلح اليمن في محافظة حجة. في عام 1994م أراد التفرغ للكتابة والأدب فانتقل إلى صنعاء كباحث في مركز الدراسات والبحوث حتى عام 2002م، تقاعد عن العمل الحكومي وأسس مجلساً أدبياً كان يقام في منزله حتى وفاته.

أصدر الشاعر حسن عبد الله الشرفي ديوانه الأول «من الغابة» بعد خمس سنوات من كتابة الدكتور أحمد علي الماخذي لمقدمة الديوان في عام1973م نتيجة لعدم موافقة الجهات المعنية على بعض قصائد الديوان وإصرار الشاعر على طباعته بدون حذف وهو ما تم في 1978م.

أهم ما كتب عن الشاعر
 كتابين أحدهما بعنوان الوطن والوطنية في شعر حسن عبد الله الشرفي -للدكتور مصطفى أبو العلا
 من أغوار الخفاء إلى مشارف التجلي - دراسة تضمنت عدة شعراء -للدكتور عبد العزيز المقالح
 حسم الموهبة - دراسة تضمنت عدة أدباء - للأستاذ عبد الرحمن طيب بعكر
 رسالة ماجستير -للاستاذ عبد الرحمن الشريف
 رسالة ماجستير -للأستاذ عبد الإله خازندار
 رسالة ماجستير -للاستاذ عبده عبد الكريم عبد الله
 العديد من الدراسات لمثقفين وأدباء من لبنان والعراق وسوريا والسودان وقد أشار اليها الشاعر في المجلد السابع من الأعمال الكاملة (شعر شعبي)-صادر عن دار عبادي للدرسات والنشر -2005م

حصل الشاعر على العديد من الجوائز منها جائزة وزارة الثقافة للشعر وجائزة محافظة الحديده، كما تم الإعلان عن تكريمه في أكثر من مناسبة من قبل وزارة الثقافة وبيت الشعر اليمني وبعض الجامعات المحلية لكنه اعتذر عن المشاركة فيها لإيمانه بأن التكريم الأنسب للمثقف يجب أن يتم عبر إتاحة وتوفير أعماله للقارئ والباحث والناقد وتسهيل وصول المهتمين لتلك الأعمال وليس بحفل تكريم ومنحة وأوسمة لا تعود بالنفع الحقيقي على الحراك الثقافي.

مؤلفات مطبوعة للشاعر حسن الشرفي
 من الغابة 		-1978-	دار العودة -بيروت
 أصابع النجوم 		-1979-	دار العودة -بيروت
 ألوان من زهور الحب والبن	-1979-	دار العودة -بيروت
 سهيل وأحزان الجنتين 	-1985-	مطابع عكرمة-دمشق
 البحر وأحلام الشواطئ 	-1985-	مطابع عكرمه -دمشق
 تقول ابنتي 		-1989-	دار آزال -بيروت
 الطريق إلى الشمس	-1989-	دار آزال -بيروت
 وكان حفر الباطن 	-1994-	دار الثقافة -بغداد
 الهروب الكبير		-1996-	مطابع التوجيه المعنوي-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (1) 	-1996-	مجد للدراسات والنشر -بيروت
 الأعمال الكاملة (2-3)	-1997-	مجد للدراسات والنشر -بيروت
 عيون القصيدة 		-2000-	مطابع معين -صنعاء
 أقواس علان (1-2)	-2000-	مطابع المفضل -صنعاء
 عيون القصائد		-2001-	الهيئة العامة للكتاب-صنعاء
 شعب المرجان 		-2001-	مؤسسة الإبداع -صنعاء
 بنات الثريا		-2002-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 صهيل الورد 		-2002-	مؤسسة الإبداع -صنعاء
 كائنات الوصل		-2002-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (4) 	-2003-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (5)	-2004-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (6)	-2005-	الهيئة العامة للكتاب-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (7)	-2005-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 نصف المعنى 		-2005-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 ديوان البردوني		-2006-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء
 الأعمال الكاملة (8)	-2008-	عبادي للدراسات والنشر-صنعاء

مؤلفات تحت الطبع للشاعر حسن الشرفي
 رنات الوتر 		باللهجة العاميه (حميني)
 ديوان العراق		باللغة العربية الفصحى
 ديوان المقاومة 		باللغة العربية الفصحى

نماذج من قصائد الشاعر
عيون القصيدة

لم أقل شيئا

(1)

لعيونها الشهلاءِ حامت في فضاء الروحِ

أكواباً، أُرتّلُ ما تيسّرَ من كتاب القبلة الأولى

مُهوِّمةً على شفتين من ماء الحريرِ

أمجُّ فيها حلوَ أحلامي وأنسى كيف نمتُ إلى طلوع الكأسِ

من شمسِ انتباهي.

(2)

يا كلَّ أحبابي هنا، عادت بي الصَّبَواتُ طالعةً

من المعنى الذي في باطن النجوى وفي بطنِ

القصيدةِ لم تعد تُغرَى بغصن «القاتِ» مِنْ

«داجونَ» مقطوفاً بغير أنامل السمراءِ من سهري

وآهي.

(3)

اليومَ أحشدكم فناجيناً فصُبّوني بكلِّ

شفاهِكم قبساً من الشوق القديمِ، وقطّروا كلَّ

الغيومِ البابليّة في شفاهي.

وفاته
توفى يوم الاثنين في صنعاء في 25 مايو 2020، بعد إصابته بمرض فيروس كورونا 2019.

مراجع

قائمة المراجع والروابط الخارجية
 بيت الشعر اليمني
 مختارات من الشعر العربي الحديث في الخليج والجزيرة العربية (الجزء الخامس)-مؤسسة البابطين-1996م
 مختارات من الشعر العربي في القرن العشرين (الجزء الخامس)العراق موريتانيا اليمن -مؤسسة البابطين-2001ممؤسسة البابطين
 مؤسسة الإبداع -د/عبد الولي الشميري-مقدمة شعب المرجان-2001م

أشخاص من محافظة حجة
شعراء عرب
شعراء غنائيون يمنيون
شعراء يمنيون في القرن 20
كتاب عرب
كتاب يمنيون
مواليد 1365 هـ
مواليد 1944
وفيات 1441 هـ
وفيات 2020
وفيات بسبب جائحة فيروس كورونا في اليمن
وفيات بعمر 75
وفيات في صنعاء
شعراء يمنيون في القرن 21
شعراء بالعربية في القرن 20
شعراء بالعربية في القرن 21

حسن عبد الله الشرفي


Alceja (Bijeli sljez, lat. Alcea), veliki biljni rod iz porodice sljezovki. Pripada mu blizu 80 priznatih vrsta. Ne smije se brkati s drugim rodovima koji se u hrvatskom jeziku također nazivaju sljez, to  (Althaea) i Malva

Vrste

 Alcea abchasica
 Alcea acaulis
 Alcea afghanica
 Alcea angulata
 Alcea antoninae
 Alcea apterocarpa
 Alcea arbelensis
 Alcea assadii
 Alcea aucheri
 Alcea baldshuanica
 Alcea biennis
 Alcea calverti
 Alcea chrysantha
 Alcea damascena
 Alcea digitata
 Alcea dissecta
 Alcea djahromi
 Alcea excubita
 Alcea fasciculiflora
 Alcea flavovirens
 Alcea freyniana
 Alcea froloviana
 Alcea galilaea
 Alcea ghahremanii
 Alcea glabrata
 Alcea gorganica
 Alcea grossheimii
 Alcea heldreichii
 Alcea hyrcana
 Alcea ilamica
 Alcea iranshahrii
 Alcea karakalensis
 Alcea karsiana
 Alcea koelzii
 Alcea kopetdaghensis
 Alcea kuhsangnia
 Alcea kurdica
 Alcea kusariensis
 Alcea lasiocalycina
 Alcea lavateriflora
 Alcea leiocarpa
 Alcea lenkoranica
 Alcea litwinowii
 Alcea loftusii
 Alcea longipedicellata
 Alcea mazandaranica
 Alcea mozaffarianii
 Alcea nikitinii
 Alcea nudiflora
 Alcea peduncularis
 Alcea pisidica
 Alcea popovii
 Alcea rechingeri
 Alcea remotiflora
 Alcea rhyticarpa
 Alcea rosea
 Alcea rosulata
 Alcea rugosa
 Alcea sachsachanica
 Alcea schirazana
 Alcea semnanica
 Alcea setosa
 Alcea sophiae
 Alcea sosnovskyi
 Alcea sotudei
 Alcea striata
 Alcea sulphurea
 Alcea sycophylla
 Alcea tabrisiana
 Alcea talassica
 Alcea tarica
 Alcea teheranica
 Alcea tholozani
 Alcea transcaucasica
 Alcea turcomanica
 Alcea turkeviczii
 Alcea wilhelminae
 Alcea woronovii
 Alcea xanthochlora

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Malveae

Alceja


An Epipactis reinekei in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni M.Bayer. An Epipactis reinekei in nahilalakip ha genus nga Epipactis, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Epipactis

Epipactis reinekei


Nihal Yeğinobalı (16 Kasım 1927, Manisa - 14 Mart 2020, İstanbul), Türk yazar ve çevirmen.

İstanbul'a geldiğinde 8 yaşındaydı. Orta ve lise öğrenimini şimdiki adı Robert Kolej olan Arnavutköy Amerikan Kız Koleji'nde tamamladı. Daha sonra ABD'ye gitti. New York Eyalet Üniversitesi'nde edebiyat öğrenimi gördü. Usta bir çevirmen olarak sayısız klasik ve çağdaş edebiyatçıyı, romanları ve öyküleriyle dilimize kazandırdı.

Genç Kızlar adlı ilk romanını ABD'li bir yazarın çevirisi gibi Vincent Ewing takma adıyla yayınlamıştır. Mazi Kalbimde Bir Yaradır adlı ikinci romanı 1988'de yayınlanmıştır. Cumhuriyet Çocuğu adlı kitabında kendi hayat hikâyesini anlatmaktadır.

Yapıtları
 Genç Kızlar
 Mazi kalbimde bir yaradır
 Cumhuriyet Çocuğu
 Sitem
 Belki Defne (2005)
 Gazel (2007)

Kaynakça

1927 doğumlular
Manisa doğumlu yazarlar
2020 yılında ölenler
İstanbul'da ölenler
Robert Lisesinde öğrenim görenler
New York Eyalet Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler
20. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
21. yüzyıl Türk yazarları
Türk çevirmenler
Manisa doğumlular
20. yüzyıl Türk kadın yazarları
İngilizceden Türkçeye çeviri yapanlar
Manisa doğumlu çevirmenler

Nihal Yeğinobalı


Myrcia gilsoniana é uma espécie de  planta do gênero Myrcia e da família Myrtaceae.

Taxonomia
A espécie foi descrita em 1990 por Ariane Luna Peixoto e Graziela Barroso. O epíteto específico foi dado em homenagem a Gilson L. Farias.

Forma de vida
É uma espécie terrícola e arbórea.

Conservação
A espécie faz parte da Lista Vermelha das espécies ameaçadas do estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista foi publicada em 13 de junho de 2005 por intermédio do decreto estadual nº 1.499-R.

Distribuição
A espécie é endêmica do Brasil e encontrada nos estados brasileiros de Bahia e Espírito Santo.
A espécie é encontrada no domínio fitogeográfico de Mata Atlântica, em regiões com vegetação de floresta ombrófila pluvial.

Algumas fontes consideram a espécie endêmica da Reserva Florestal da Companhia Vale do Rio Doce, em Linhares.

Ligações externas
 Myrcia gilsoniana no projeto Flora e Funga do Brasil

Myrcia
Plantas descritas em 1990
Flora do Espírito Santo (estado)
Espécies citadas na Lista Vermelha de Ameaça da Flora Brasileira
Espécies citadas na Lista de Espécies da Flora Ameaçadas do Espírito Santo

Myrcia gilsoniana


Gameshow er en type tv-program som kendetegnes ved at deltagere konkurrerer om præmier eller hæder og ære i et tv-studie. Konkurrencerne gennemføres ved hjælp af omgange baseret på kundskab, gætteri, fysiske udfordringer eller lignende. Der er store forskelle på forskellige typer konkurrencedrevne programmer i verden, hvor man går fra det enkle spørgeprogram Mastermind i Storbritannien til de ekstreme gameshows i Japan.

Gameshowgenren er også blevet en af de store eksportartikel inden for tv-koncepter, hvor specielt amerikanske og britiske koncepter er blevet produceret i lokale varianter over store dele af verden. Amerikanske koncepter, som for eksempel Wheel of Fortune (på dansk Lykkehjulet), har haft succes i hjemlandet gennem en årrække.

Danske gameshow
Mange af de danske versioner af denne programtype er baseret på koncepter lavet i andre lande. Eksempler på dette er Hvem vil være millionær?, Robinson Ekspeditionen, Deal or No Deal med flere.

Se også
 Tv-program

Engelske ord
Tv-programmer
Konkurrencer

Gameshow


Sargassum muticum, auch Japanischer Beerentang genannt, ist eine Braunalgenart aus der Gattung der Golftange. Ursprünglich aus Japan stammend, verbreitet sich die vom Menschen eingeschleppte Art in den letzten Jahren stark im Nordatlantik sowie in der Nordsee und Ostsee und verändert durch ihre Anwesenheit die bestehenden Lebensräume.

Beschreibung
Der Japanische Beerentang ist ein mehrjähriger Seetang, der seine braune Farbe durch den Farbstoff Fucoxanthin erhält, das in den Chloroplasten vorhanden ist. Die dunkelbraune Färbung ist bei Exemplaren, die in ruhigem Wasser wachsen, oft blasser und kann einen rötlichen Braunton annehmen.

In seiner Heimat Japan wird er etwa 1 bis 3 m groß, außerhalb seines natürlichen Verbreitungsgebietes kann er 10 bis 16 m Länge erreichen und dann flutende Matten an der Meeresoberfläche bilden. Sein buschiger Thallus besteht aus mittigen Hauptachsen mit wechselständigen olivbraunen Seitenzweigen, die blattartige Phylloide tragen. Die Phylloide sind im unteren Teil des Thallus verlängert linear-lanzettlich und bis 10 cm lang, in den oberen Teilen schmal und nur etwa 4 mm lang. Der Rand der Phylloide ist glatt oder unregelmäßig grob gezähnt bis gekerbt.

Der Tang besitzt zahlreiche gestielte, gasgefüllte Schwimmkörper. Diese Kugelbeeren sind von eiförmiger bis verkehrt tropfenförmiger Gestalt mit einem Durchmesser von 2 bis 4 mm und glatter Oberfläche. Die Anzahl dieser Gasblasen nimmt während des Sommers zu. Im Gegensatz zum Blasentang kann Beerentang viele Meter lang werden.

Entwicklung
Die Hauptachse des Tangs kann etwa 3 bis 4 Jahre alt werden und täglich bis zu 10 cm wachsen. Die helleren Seitenzweige werden im Herbst abgeworfen. Die Vermehrung erfolgt sowohl sexuell als auch vegetativ über verdriftete Thallusteile. Im frühen Herbst werden die Keimzellen zu Tausenden in zylindrisch-kegelförmigen Rezeptakeln in den Achseln der Verzweigungen gebildet. Die befruchteten Zygoten setzen sich meist in der Nähe des Elternthallus fest und bilden rasch dichte Sargassum-Matten. Da auch abgerissene Thallusstücke beim Verdriften Keimzellen freisetzen, breitet sich die Art effektiv aus.

Vorkommen

Japanischer Beerentang ist ursprünglich an der Küste von Japan heimisch. Er  ist hochgradig invasiv und hat sich, nachdem er in den 1940ern mit Austern nach Amerika kam, inzwischen vom Nordwestpazifik aus in weiten Teilen des Nordpazifiks und Nordatlantiks ausgebreitet. Nachdem auch Frankreich mit der gezielten Ansiedlung von Pazifischen Austern begann, ist der Japanische Beerentang auch in Europa heimisch geworden. Im Nordostatlantik kommt er von Norwegen bis Spanien, auch in der Nordsee und Ostsee sowie im Mittelmeer vor. Im Nordostpazifik ist er von Alaska bis nach Kalifornien zu finden.

Die Art wurde in Europa erstmals 1973 auf der Isle of Wight gefunden. Es wird aber vermutet, dass sie bereits 1966 an der Küste von Frankreich aufgetaucht ist. Seitdem hat sie sich durch die direkte Verschleppung von Thallusteilen an Schiffen oder mittels Austern-Transporten an fast allen europäischen Küsten ausgebreitet. Seit Ende der 1980er Jahre wurde die Ausbreitung der Braunalge in der Deutschen Bucht festgestellt.

Die zu den Makroalgen zählende Braunalge besiedelt unterschiedliche Lebensräume von Gezeitentümpeln in der Gezeitenzone bis zum Sublitoral, wo es bis zu einer Tiefe von 3 bis 5 m unterhalb der Niedrigwasserlinie vordringt. Die Art wächst, wie fast alle Algenarten, gerne auf Hartsubstraten. Sie wird aber – im Gegensatz zu anderen Algen – auch frei im Meer treibend angetroffen.

Effekte der invasiven Art

Wo Sargassum-Matten in Europa vorherrschen, können sie den Bootsverkehr oder Schwimmer behindern, oder in großen Mengen als schwer verrottbare Klumpen an den Strand gespült werden. Vor allem aber verringern sie den Lichteinfall und verdrängen dadurch einheimische Arten im Benthos, beispielsweise Zuckertang (Saccharina latissima), Riementang (Himanthalia elongata) oder das Seegras (Zostera marina). Daher befürchten manche einen Rückgang der Artenvielfalt durch diese gebietsfremde Art (Neobiota).

Das Umweltbundesamt bewertet die Bildung dichter Beerentang-Unterwasserwälder insgesamt jedoch eher als positiv, da diese vielen Meeresschnecken, Krebstieren und Fischen Schutz und Nahrung bieten. Dieser Einwanderer hat somit überwiegend positive Effekte auf die heimische Tierwelt, wächst er jedoch, in hoher Dichte auf felsigem Grund, kann er kleinere Algenarten überschatten und verdrängen.

Im Wattenmeer, wo der Beerentang seit den 80er Jahren heimisch geworden ist, zählen einige Experten ihn zu den sechs als problematisch eingestuften, eingeschleppten Arten, deren Präsenz das Ökosystem verändert, was deutliche Auswirkungen auf die Lebensgemeinschaften im Watt zur Folge hat.

Die dichten Unterwasserwälder ersetzen für einige Arten, die bereits verschwunden waren, die nicht mehr vorhandenen Seegraswiesen. Kurzschnäuzige Seepferdchen galten in der Nordsee seit den 1930er Jahren bis nach der Jahrtausendwende als ausgestorben und konnten wieder vermehrt nachgewiesen werden. Mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit ist ihre Rückkehr unter anderem darauf zurückzuführen, dass der Japanische Beerentang ihnen Unterschlupf sowie eine Möglichkeit, sich in der Strömung festzuklammern, bietet.

Systematik
Die Erstbeschreibung erfolgte 1907 durch Kitchisuburo Yendo unter dem Namen Sargassum kjellmanianum f. muticum Yendo (in: The Fucaceae of Japan. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo Imperial University 21, S. 104.) Dorothy E. Fensholt gab der Sippe 1955 als Sargassum muticum (Yendo) Fensholt den Rang einer eigenen Art.

Laut World Register of Marine Species zählt Sargassum muticum, mit über 700 weiteren Arten, zur Gattung der Golftange (Sargassum) aus der  Familie Sargassaceae in der Ordnung der Fucales.

Der Japanische Blasentang ist eine von 34 Arten aus der Untergattung Bactrophycus.

Quellen
 Wolfram Braune: Meeresalgen. Ein Farbbildführer zu den verbreiteten benthischen Grün-, Braun- und Rotalgen der Weltmeere. Ruggell: Gantner, 2008, ISBN 978-3-906166-69-8, S. 254–255. (Abschnitte Beschreibung, Vorkommen)
 Michael D. Guiry, G.M Guiry: Sargassum muticum - In: Algaebase - World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway, abgerufen am 23. April 2012 (Abschnitte Systematik, Vorkommen)

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Braunalgen
Phaeophyceae
Neobiont

Sargassum muticum


Sergiu Cunescu, né le  à Bucarest (Roumanie) et mort le , est un homme politique roumain, président du Parti social-démocrate roumain (PSDR) entre 1990 et 2000.

Biographie

Notes et références

Voir aussi

Articles connexes
 Parti social-démocrate roumain (1990-2001)

Liens externes

Personnalité du Parti social-démocrate roumain (1990-2001)
Naissance en mars 1923
Naissance à Bucarest
Décès en mars 2005

Sergiu Cunescu


Die Edmonton Eskimos waren eine kanadische Eishockeymannschaft aus Edmonton, Alberta. Die Mannschaft spielte zwischen 1921 und 1936 in der Western Canada Hockey League.

Geschichte
Die Edmonton Eskimos wurde 1921 als Franchise der erstmals ausgetragenen Western Canada Hockey League gegründet. In dieser spielten sie insgesamt fünf Jahre lang, bis die Liga aufgelöst wurde. In der Saison 1922/23 gewannen sie den Meistertitel der WCHL. In dieser Funktion traten sie in den Finalspielen um den Stanley Cup an, verloren dort jedoch in zwei Spielen gegen die Ottawa Senators aus der National Hockey League. In der Saison 1926/27 traten die Eskimos in der Prairie Hockey League an. Anschließend war die Mannschaft fünf Jahre lang inaktiv, ehe sie zur Saison 1932/33 reaktiviert wurde und in die einmalig ausgetragene Western Canada Hockey League wechselte. Zuletzt spielten die Eskimos von 1933 bis 1936 in der North West Hockey League, ehe das Team endgültig aufgelöst wurde.

Weblinks
 The Internet Hockey Database – Statistik/Spielerliste Edmonton Eskimos

Eishockeyverein (Western Canada Hockey League, 1921–1926)
Eishockeyverein (Prairie Hockey League)
Eishockeyverein (Western Canada Hockey League, 1932–1933)
Eishockeyverein (North West Hockey League)
Sportverein (Edmonton)
Gegründet 1921
Aufgelöst 1936

Edmonton Eskimos (Eishockey)