La Escuela Judicial del Estado de México es una institución del Poder Judicial mexiquense en la que se imparte educación judicial a los servidores públicos en tres diferentes niveles: la Carrera Judicial, que está dirigida a quienes desean ingresar al Poder Judicial y ser promovidos en cualquiera de las categorías que señala la ley; la Educación Continua, que comprende una serie de cursos y diplomados sobre diferentes temas relacionados con la administración de justicia; y los Estudios de Posgrado, que son las Especialidades, la Maestría y el Doctorado en Derecho Judicial.

Historia

Lo que ahora es la Escuela Judicial del Estado de México comenzó siendo un Instituto de Capacitación y Actualización Judicial que se fundó el 8 de diciembre de 1985, por acuerdo del Pleno del H. Tribunal Superior de Justicia, mediante propuesta del entonces presidente, Gustavo A. Barrera Graf. Desde su creación, el Instituto de Capacitación y Actualización Judicial se fijó como meta ser una instancia académica destinada a preparar servidores públicos judiciales altamente competitivos. La mejor forma de hacerlo era implementando un sistema de concursos y exámenes de oposición, que hasta la fecha continúa operando.

Durante los primeros años del Instituto, los ciclos de conferencias, coloquios y cursos se organizaban en el Salón de Plenos del Tribunal Superior de Justicia, pero en 1993 se logró contar con un nuevo espacio para llevar a cabo sus actividades académicas en el edificio que se conoce como la Casa del Poder Judicial, ubicada en el centro de la ciudad de Toluca. En 1995 el Instituto consolidó una alianza con la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México para impulsar el desarrollo de programas académicos; a partir de ese año, el Instituto continuó celebrando convenios de colaboración con distintas Universidades de México y del extranjero.

El 12 de julio de 1999 fueron inauguradas las nuevas instalaciones del Instituto ubicadas en el domicilio que actualmente ocupa la Escuela Judicial, sito en calle Josefa Ortíz de Domínguez 306, en la Colonia Santa Clara, en Toluca. Sin embargo, el acontecimiento más importante en la historia del Instituto desde que fue creado ha sido el de su transformación en la actual Escuela Judicial del Estado de México, por virtud del decreto 127 de la LIV Legislatura local, publicado en la Gaceta del Gobierno el 31 de diciembre de 2002.

Desde entonces, la Escuela Judicial ha venido ampliando sus horizontes y expandiendo su campo de acción a lo largo y ancho del Estado de México, mediante la creación de dos coordinaciones regionales, una en Tlalnepantla y otra en Texcoco.

El contenido de sus cursos, diplomados y estudios de posgrado, así como sus modernas instalaciones, hacen de la Escuela Judicial del Estado de México un punto de referencia esencial en la historia de la educación judicial de nuestro país.

Oferta educativa

La Escuela Judicial del Estado de México cuenta con tres tipos de estudios: Carrera Judicial; Educación Continua y Posgrado.

Carrera Judicial

La Carrera Judicial comprende los cursos que se imparten a los servidores públicos del poder judicial con las siguientes categorías:

Educación Continua

Abarca diferentes tipos de cursos y diplomados, entre los que destacan el Oralidad en Materia Familiar, Curso sobre el Nuevo Proceso Penal, Acusatorio, Adversarial y Oral; o el Curso Sobre el Nuevo Proceso Acusatorio y Oral, en el marco del programa de capacitación nacional de la CONATRIB.

Posgrados
Los estudios de Posgrado están formados por los siguientes programas académicos:

 Especialidad en Derecho Judicial
 Especialidad en Derecho Familiar
 Especialidad en Mediación y Conciliación
 Maestría Derecho Judicial
 Doctorado en Derecho Judicial.

Y la recientemente creada Maestría en Derechos Humanos

Directores de la Escuela Judicial

 Magistrado Lic. Luis Miranda Cardoso (1986)
 Magistrado Lic. José Colón Morán (1986-1991)
 Magistrado Lic. Luis Miranda Cardoso (1991-1994)
 Magistrado Lic. Abel Villicaña Estrada (1994-1995)
 Magistrado Lic. Román Rosales Reyes (1995-1996)
 Magistrado Dr. en D. Alfonso Velázquez Estrada (1996-2000)
 M. en D. Marco A. Morales Gómez (2000-2008)
 Lic. Abel Villicaña Estrada (2008-2010)
 Dr. Sergio Javier Medina Peñaloza (2010-2014)

Actualmente, el cargo de Director General de la Escuela Judicial lo ocupa el Magistrado Dr. Joaquín Mendoza Esquivel.

Miselaneos

En las instalaciones de la Escuela Judicial del Estado de México, se encuentra el mural titulado: "La cátedra de la justicia" del pintor, muralista y escultor de mexicano Leopoldo Flores

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Enlace a la página oficial de la Escuela Judicial del Estado de México.

Poder Judicial de México
Facultades de Derecho en México
Universidades del Estado de México
Organizaciones fundadas en 1985
Instituciones educativas establecidas en 1985
México en 1985

Escuela Judicial del Estado de México


Dance Dance Revolution 4thMIX es el cuarto videojuego de la serie Dance Dance Revolution publicado por Konami el 24 de agosto de 2000. A pesar de que es exclusivo de Japón, algunas máquinas están disponibles a nivel mundial. En esta entrega se agrega 42 canciones a la lista existente. Su actualización, 4thMIX Plus, se agrega 12 canciones a la lista. Los artistas, TaQ y DJ Taka, ambos provenientes de Beatmania IIDX, hacen su aparición.

Cambios
 Juicio Good ahora solo rompe el combo, reseteando su contador.
 Se elimina el karaoke en pantalla.
 Un bug causa que el juicio Boo (ahora Almost) no rebajara la barra de vida.
 Se mantiene el modo Nonstop, del 3rd MIX.
 Dificultad Another cambia a Trick (ahora Difficult).
 Con el 4th MIX Plus, se agrega el Super Maniac, más difícil que el Maniac debido a la complejidad de los pasos. Los pasos Maniac antiguos se usarán como Heavy/EXPERT en DDRMAX2 y los nuevos pasos Maniac se adjuntan como Maniac en 5thMIX y DDRMAX y como CHALLENGE desde DDR Extreme.
 Dificultad Maniac cambia a Battle cuando juega Versus solamente.
 Se elimina el modo Couple, en la arcade que incluye Double.
 Soporta ahora canciones que tienen cambios de velocidad. Canciones que inician tarde (como "Stomp to my beat") parte con la mitad de velocidad antes de HERE WE GO.

Interfaz gráfica
 Se usa los 3 colores para la interfaz: negro, azul y violeta.
 La versión arcade original aparece 3 figuras que representan Single, Versus y Double.
 Se elige el género de canciones y solo podrá jugar canciones de ese género durante la partida.
 Se elimina los textos de las dificultades.
 Con el 4th Mix Plus, se agrega All Music, que permite elegir todas las canciones durante la partida.
 Las canciones están divididas en 7 banners por página, eliminando los CD.
 Al presionar START, los banners (de la mitad de abajo), son remplazados por la elección de dificultad (y la última oportunidad para usar códigos), presionando de nuevo START para empezar la etapa del juego.
 Las versiones Solo aparece 2 figuras que representan Single y Solo. Las flechas en esas versiones usan Rainbow en vez de Vivid.
 Se eliminan las puertas en favor a la apertura y cierre con estrellas.

Lista de canciones
Las 2 listas son para las versiones arcade, el 4th MIX que es esta lista y el 4thMIX Plus debajo de ella. Canciones con claqueta contiene video en entregas post-Supernova.

Nota: No se incluyen las listas de las versiones caseras.

4th Mix

4thMIX Plus

Música Notable
 "B4U" (incluyendo "Voltage" special): la canción de 155 BPM, fue creada por Naoki Maeda, con la letra del rapero Aaron G. Apareció en numerosas entregas DDR desde 4thMix, y tuvo 5 remixes, como "B4U (Glorious Style)" (en Dance Dance Revolution 5thMix), "B4U (B4 Za Beat Mix)" ( en DDRMAX2 -Dance Dance Revolution 7thMix-), "B4U (Rising Sun Mix)" (con J-RAVERS), "B4U (The Acolyte Mix)"  (con J-RAVERS) y "B4U (Bemani For You Mix)" (de beatmaniaIIDX 16: EMPRESS"", con Michael A La Mode como rapero).
 "ORION.78 (AMeuro Mix)", Arreglado por Re-Venge (NAOKI).
 "Love Again Tonight (ForMelissaMix)" es la primera canción notable en donde Paula Terry abandona "The Olivia Project".

Enlaces externos
 DDR Gateway
 Sitio oficial de Dance Dance Revolution 4thMix

Videojuegos de 2000
Videojuegos de música
Videojuegos arcade
Videojuegos para PlayStation
4thMIX

Dance Dance Revolution 4thMIX


كليومينس الثاني ملك إسبرطة وهو ابن كليومبروتوس الأول وأخ وخليفة أغيسيبوليس الثاني. لم يسجل شيء في عهده سوى انه استمر لـ61 عاما (370 – 309 قبل الميلاد).

انظر أيضًا

 أسبرطة

مراجع

ملكيون يونانيون في القرن 4 ق م
حكام في القرن 4 ق م
سنة الولادة غير معروفة
وفيات 309 ق م
يونانيون في القرن 4 قبل الميلاد

كليومينس الثاني


Pinhâni, 5 Nisan 2004'te Zeynep Eylül Üçer ve Sinan Kaynakçı tarafından kurulan, alternatif rock türünde müzik yapan bir Türk müzik grubu. Aynı zamanda "Kavak Yelleri" adlı dizinin müziklerini de yapmıştır.

Grup üyeleri hakkında

Sinan Kaynakçı
Vokal, gitar, saksofon, kaba zurna, tulum, kemençe

25 Aralık 1979′da İstanbul'da doğdu. Çocukluğu Florya ve Bakırköy'de geçti. Cağaloğlu Anadolu Lisesi'nden 1998 yılında mezun oldu. Müziğe de bu okulda başladı. 1995 yılında yan flüt dersleri aldı, gitar çalmaya da aynı yıl başladı. 1996 yılından itibaren aralıklarla Stüdyo Hiphop'ta davul dersleri aldı. 2001–2003 yılları arasında "Van Basten" grubuyla Beyoğlu'nda çeşitli mekânlarda çaldı. Bu dönemde kendi parçalarını yazmaya başladı. Farklı hedefleri nedeniyle gruptan ayrılmak zorunda kaldı. Pinhâni'nin şimdiye kadar yayınlanan iki albümünün tüm söz ve müziklerini yazdı, vokal yaptı, farklı enstrümanlarla katkıda bulundu. Kolektif İstanbul grubuna da ihtiyaçları olduğunda eşlik etmektedir.

Hami Ünlü
Davul

12 Mayıs 1985'te İstanbul'da doğdu. Ortaokul ve liseyi Notre Dame de Sion'da okuduktan sonra 2004 senesinde Galatasaray Üniversitesi İktisat Bölümü'nü kazandı. Müzik hayatı 2000 senesinde kayıt olduğu Drum Club'ta başladı. Ders aldığı Drum Club hocaları arasında Hakan Açıkalın, Bülent Akbay, Alişan Topaloğlu ve Berke Özgümüş yer almaktadır. Ortaokul ve lise yıllarında amatör anlamda cazla ve davulla iç içe yaşadı. Üniversitede Paris Konservatuvarı Caz Bölümü'nde hoca olan Phillipe Poussard eşliğinde caz atölyelerine katıldı. 2006 Mayıs ayında Pinhâni grubuna dahil oldu. Ayrıca zaman zaman Akın Eldes Trio konserlerinde de çalmaktadır.

Selim Aydın
Bas gitar

16 Mayıs 1981'de Ankara'da doğdu. Çocukluğu Adana'da geçti. Ortaokul yıllarında klasik gitar dersleriyle müziğe başladı. Lisedeki grubuyla yarışmalarda ve konserlerde çaldı. Üniversite yıllarında Sinan Kaynakçı ile tanıştı ve onunla beraber Van Basten'de yer aldı. Cem Nasuhoğlu ile gitar ve armoni üzerine çalıştı. Yurt dışında olduğu için ilk albümün kayıtlarında bulunamadı. 2006 Doğu Anadolu turnesi sırasında ise askerdeydi. İlk konserlerinden beri Pinhani ile çalıyor.

Eray Polat
Gitar

1991 yılında İstanbul'da doğdu. Daha sonra Fethiye'ye yerleşti ve 18 yaşına kadar burada kaldı. Müziğe, ilkokul yıllarında aldığı bağlama dersleriyle adım attı. Gitar çalmaya ise lisede başladı. 2010 yılından itibaren Pinhani'ye konserlerde destek vermekte, 2014 yılından bu yana tüm konserlerde çalmaktadır. Pinhani dışında başka müzisyenlere sahnede ve stüdyoda eşlik etmekte, kayıt ve tonmaysterlik yapmaktadır.

Eski Grup üyeleri hakkında

Akın Eldes
Gitar

Akın Eldes, 11 Kasım 1962'de Frankfurt (Almanya)'da doğdu. Müziğe ilk adımlarını mandolin ve flüt ile attı. Sağ-Sol olaylarına karışmasına istemeyen ailesinin gitar almaması nedeniyle ancak lisede gitar çalmaya başladı. E-5, Painted Bird, Asım Can Gündüz ve Çapkınlar gruplarından sonra 1986 ile 2000 yılları arasında Bulutsuzluk Özlemi'nde yer aldı. 2000 yılından sonra çeşitli gruplarla sahneye çıktı ve albüm kayıtlarında bulundu. Haluk Levent'e Kral Çıplak albümünde, Kurtalan Expres'e Sessiz Çığlık adlı albümünde eşlik etti. Madımak adlı şarkısını Sivas Katliamı'nda yaşamını yitirenlere ithaf etti. Birsen Tezer'e konserlerinde zaman zaman eşlik etti. Solo performans ve konserlerinin yanında, kendi müzikal bakışını anlatan sekiz albüm yayınladı. Pinhâni'nin yayınlanan albümlerinde müzikal prodüktör ve gitarist olarak yer aldı. Akın Eldes, Pinhâni'nin konserlerinde çalmaktadır.

Zeynep Eylül Üçer
Klavye, bas gitar

16 Eylül 1985′te İstanbul'da doğdu. Çocukluğu Teşvikiye'de geçti. 1991–1997 yılları arasında TRT İstanbul Çocuk Korosu'nda şarkı söyledi. Ortaokula İstanbul'da başladı.1 yıl sonra ailesiyle Antalya'ya yerleşti. Antalya Koleji'nde okudu ve okulu adına 2. ligde uzun süre basketbol oynadı. Sinan'ın ona hediye ettiği bas gitarla aktif müzik yaşantısı başladı. Müzik öğretmeni olan annesinden solfej ve armoni dersleri aldı. 2004′ten itibaren aralıklarla geldiği İstanbul'a 2005′te yeniden yerleşti. İTÜ Türk Musikisi Devlet Konservatuvarı Çalgı Yapım Bölümü'nden mezun olmuştur. Yaylı çalgılar yapımcısıdır.

Cem Aksel
Davul

17 Şubat 1964'te Ankara'da doğdu. Caza ve davula olan ilgisi İstanbul'da ortaokul sıralarında başladı. Lise yıllarında amatörce devem eden müzik hayatı lise sonrası profesyonelliğe dönüştü. 1983 yılında İsviçre Bern'de bulunan, Swiss JazzSchool'a kaydoldu. Ancak maddi olanaksızlıklar nedeniyle devam edemedi. O günden bu yana yaşamını müzik ile kazanan sanatçı 60 kadar albüm çalışmasında çeşitli şarkıcılara eşlik etti. Türkiye'nin hemen hemen bütün cazcıları ile çaldı. Halen İstanbul'da yaşayan Cem Aksel, Bülent Ortaçgil ve çeşitli caz müzisyenleri ile farklı mekanlarda çalmaktadır. Pinhâni'nin her iki albümünde de davulcu olarak yer aldı. Fırsat buldukça konserlerde de gruba eşlik etmektedir.

Diskografi

Albümler
 2006: İnandığın Masallar
 2008: Zaman Beklemez
 2012: Başka Şeyler
 2013: Canlı Yayın
 2016: Kediköy
 2018: On Türkü
 2019: Yollar Bizi Bekler
 2019: Konserdeyim
 2020: Konserdeyim 2 (Live)
 2021: Küçük Bir Evde
 2023: Beraber Beraber
 2023: Hayali

EP'ler
 2020: Evde Kayıt
 2020: Yalnızlık Zor

Tekliler
 2011: Yitirmeden
 2011: Değirmendeki
 2011: Eylül
 2014: Dur Söyleme
 2015: Düşmanmışız Gibi
 2018: Kendinden Usandırma
 2018: Peki Madem (Melis Danişmend ile)
 2019: Çekirdekten (Cihan Mürtezaoğlu ile)
 2019: Üzülmeyelim
 2020: Hikâyeler Tükendi
 2020: Ankara Gel Dedi
 2020: Dünyadan Uzak
 2020: Çok Alıştım Sana
 2020: Beni Böyle Sevemezsin
 2020: Aşk Bir Mevsim
 2020: Ben de Delirdim
 2021: Tomorrow is Beautiful
 2022: Bilir o Beni
 2022: Kimse Görmesin Seni

Video klipleri
 Ağlama
 Bana Hediye
 Ben Nasıl Büyük Adam Olucam
 Ben de Delirdim
 Beni Sen İnandır
 Bir Varmışım Bir Yokmuşum
 Dur Söyleme
 Dursana Dünya
 Dön Bak Dünyaya
 Düğün Dernek
 Düşmanmışız Gibi
 Geri Dönemem
 Gönül Dağı
 Hele Bi Gel
 İstanbul'da
 Ne Güzel Güldün
 Sevmekten Usanmam
 Unutuldular
 Uçtu Uçtu
 Yitirmeden
 Zaman Beklemez

Liste başarıları

Ödüller
 2008: 35. Altın Kelebek Ödülleri - En İyi Çıkış Yapan Grup Ödülü

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 Discogs'ta Pinhâni
 Pinhâni Resmi Web Sitesi
 Pinhâni Facebook Sayfası
 Pinhâni Twitter Sayfası

Türk rock müzik grupları
2004'te kurulan müzik grupları
Kral TV Video Müzik Ödülü sahipleri
2000'lerin şarkıcıları
2010'ların şarkıcıları
2020'lerin şarkıcıları
Altın Kelebek Ödülü sahipleri
Pinhani
Türk söz yazarları
DMC sanatçıları
Radyo Boğaziçi Müzik Ödülü sahipleri

Pinhâni


Auerbach ist ein Ort und eine gleichnamige Katastralgemeinde in der Gemeinde Sankt Lorenzen am Wechsel im österreichischen Bundesland Steiermark und hat  Einwohner (Stand ). Die Siedlung ist 2 Kilometer von St. Lorenzen entfernt und ist nach dem Auerbach benannt, der durch die Siedlung fließt. Die Siedlung liegt auf 800 Metern (Höhe) und am Römerweg.

Einzelnachweise und Quellen

Geographie (Sankt Lorenzen am Wechsel)
Ort im Bezirk Hartberg-Fürstenfeld
Katastralgemeinde im Bezirk Hartberg-Fürstenfeld

Auerbach (Gemeinde Sankt Lorenzen am Wechsel)


Petrivka (, , Petrovka) est une commune urbaine de l'oblast d'Odessa, en Ukraine. Elle compte  en 2021.

Notes et références

Commune urbaine dans l'oblast d'Odessa

Petrivka (oblast d'Odessa)


تريبونيانوس غالوس (206- آب 253) إمبراطور روماني حكم في الفترة الممتدة من 251م إلى 253م، وكان حكمه مشتركا مع ابنه فولوسيانوس.

المصادر

ويكيبيديا إنجليزية

ملكيون قتلوا في القرن 3
أباطرة رومان في القرن الثالث الميلادي
أباطرة رومان مقتولون
أزمة القرن الثالث
قناصل إمبراطوريون رومان
مواليد 206
مواليد في بيروجيا
مويسيا
وفيات 253
وفيات في تيرني (أومبريا)

تريبونيانوس غالوس


Plutonier adjutant este un grad militar de subofițer superior plutonierului major și inferior plutonierului adjutant șef.

Ca însemn al epoleților, în Armata Română, este reprezentat prin trei galoane de 16 mm.

Legături externe
  Însemnul de plutonier adjutant la MAPN.ro

Armata României
Grade militare

Plutonier adjutant


YMER&MALTA est une maison de création d'objets et de mobilier d'art contemporain. Ce studio produit des séries d'exemplaires numérotés ou sur-mesure dessinés par des designers. Sa spécificité tient à sa réalisation en deux temps : l'élaboration d'un dessin avec un designer puis la réalisation confiée à des artisans d'art français, supervisés et poussés à l'innovation par Valérie Maltaverne, directrice artistique.

Valérie Maltaverne créé la société avec le commissaire priseur Remy Le Fur (Ymer pour Rémy en verlan et Malta correspondant aux cinq premières lettres de Maltaverne) et créent Ymer&Malta en 2009.

Histoire
Le travail d'Ymer&Malta se décline par collections, lesquelles exploitent chacune un thème différent, une matière ou un savoir-faire. La création d'une collection peut demander entre deux et cinq ans de travail (conception, innovation, fabrication) afin de répondre aux exigences techniques des projets. Ces objets et mobilier sont issus des techniques de l'artisanat d'art français et répondent aux codes du luxe. Le studio se veut discret et intéresse essentiellement les médias spécialisés.

En 2022, Ymer&Malta compte 9 collections et . Depuis sa création, le studio a été salué par les institutions culturelles pour son travail de valorisation et de rénovation des métiers d'art traditionnels. Plusieurs pièces ont été présentées ou acquises par des musées pour leurs collections.

En 2015, la Cité Internationale de la Tapisserie d'Aubusson, a commissionné la collection La Tapisserie d'Aubusson : The Great Lady. En 2016 la collection Akari Unfolded a été commanditée par le Musée Noguchi

En 2016, Ymer&Malta a ouvert sa production de mobilier et arts décoratifs aux particuliers.

En 2019, la directrice artistique Valérie Maltaverne est faite chevalier des arts et des lettres.

Ymer&Malta s'inscrit dans la démarche du Slow Made, un mouvement valorisant le temps du bel ouvrage.

Réalisations notables

2010 - Marbre Poids Plume
Cette collection a permis de créer des pièces en marbre très légères.

2018 - Akari Unfolded : Une Collection YMER&MALTA
Collection commanditée par le Musée Noguchi à New York en hommage à la série de lampes Akari, de l'artiste nippo-américain Isamu Noguchi.

2020 - Collection commissionnée par la Cité Internationale de la Tapisserie
En 2015, Emmanuel Gerard, directeur de la cité de la tapisserie et Bruno Ythier, conservateur en chef de Cité Internationale de la Tapisserie d'Aubusson choisissent Ymer&Malta pour renouveler le savoir-faire de la tapisserie. Le projet comporte sept pièces mêlant la tapisserie au mobilier. Initialement planifié sur trois ans, il s'étend finalement sur cinq années pour permettre aux liciers et à Valérie Maltaverne de trouver des solutions techniques à la réalisation des dessins des designers. Le premier exemplaire de chaque pièce a intégré la collection permanente du musée de La Cité Internationale de la Tapisserie d'Aubusson en 2020. Ces pièces ont été présentées dans le cadre de l'exposition "10 ans de création contemporaine" en 2020 à la Cité internationale de la tapisserie à Aubusson.

2022 - Eidos, Commande du Mobilier national
Le Mobilier national commande au studio un ensemble constitué d'une bibliothèque, d'un bureau, d'une lampe de bureau, d'un lampadaire et d'une applique. Toutes les pièces sont en noyer et cuir. L'ensemble est livré en 2022 et baptisé Eidos. Il a été réalisé par le studio avec le designer Benjamin Graindorge. L'ensemble est présenté par le Mobilier National lors de l'édition de mars 2023 de la TEFAF à Maastricht.

Notes et références

Entreprise ayant son siège en France

YMER&MALTA


God divya bharti
දිව්‍යා භාරතී බැතීමතුන් ඇයගේ පුර්වභව 127 පිළිබදව විශ්වාස කරයි.මාලා,රති,ස්වර්ණමාලා,හංසනි,හේමමාලා,ආදි නාමයන් ඉන් ආත්ම කිහිපයක් හැදින් වීමට යෙදෙයි.ඇයගේ  පූර්වභව විශ්වාස කරන බෙෘද්ධයන්  මීට කල්ප 40 පමණ පෙර වැඩවිසූ වෙස්සභූ බුදුන් වැඩ විසූ සමයේ දී,ඇයගේ දිව්‍යමය සවභාවය වඩාත් උසස් ඉහල තලයකට පත් වූ බව පිළිගනියි.ඇය සම්බන්ධ වූ සුරාසුර යුද්ධයන් ගැනද,වීව්ධ ශාශ්තෘවරුන් ලොව පහල වූ යුගයන් හී එම ධර්මයන් හා ශාශ්තෘවරුන් සාෙයා ගිය චාරිකා පිළිබදවද තොරතුරැඑම කථා තුළ අන්තර් ගතවේ.ඒ අතරතුර ආගමික වශයෙන් වැදගත් කර්රයන් ඉටු කරලීමට ඉපදුන අවස්ථාද පෙන්විය හැකියි.ඒ බොහෝ ආත්මයන් සමග ඇය සමග සොහොයුරෙක් සිටීම වීශේෂයි

වර්ෂ 1974 02 25 දින ඉන්දියාවේ බොම්බායේ වර්තමාන මුම්බායිහි දී  රක්ෂණ නිළධාරියෙක් වූ  ඔම් ප්රකාශ් භාරතීට සහ ඔහුගේ භාර්යාව වන මීතා භාරතීට දාව උපත ලැබීය.
මුම්බායිහි Juhu හි Maneckji Cooper High School  හිදී ඉගෙනුම ලැබීය. ඇය සාමාන්යය මට්ටමේ සිසුවියක් විය. වයස අවුරැදු 09 දී ප්‍රථමයෙන්  ඇය සිනමා රංගනයට එක් විය. අතිෂයය ජනපිුය නීළියනකි.අැය රංගනෙයන් දායක වු ප්‍රථම චිත්‍රපටීය තෙළිගූ චිත්‍රපටියකි.  එම චිත්‍රපටිය තිරගතවව එක් දිනකින් අැය දකූණු ඉන්දීය සිනමා රසිකයන්ගේ සිත් සිය වසගයට ගත්තේය.එය කෙතරම්ද යත් ඔහුන් අැයව දේවත්වයෙන් සලකන්නට විය.අැය වෙනුවෙන් ඔහුන් දෙවොලක් පවා ඉදි කරන ලදි. වරක් ඇය ගැන ලිපියක් පළ කරන මාධයය වේදියෙක්, දිව්‍යා භාරතී සැඩසුළගක් එ් කුණාටුව දකුණු ඉන්දියාව එක් රැයකින් සිය ග්‍රහනයට නතු කරගන්නා ලදි. යනුවෙන් සිය ලිපියක ලියා තැබීම ම අැයගේ විශ්මය ජනක ජනප්‍රියත්වය පිළිබඳව වටහා ගැනීමට ප්‍රමාණවත් වනු ඇත. 1993 04 05 දින ඇය මුම්බායි හී තුල්සි  ගොඩනැගිල්ලේ තමන් පදිංචි නිවෙසේ සදලුතලයෙන් වැටී   මියයන විටද  වයස 19 මාස 03 තරම් අඩු වයසක විය. ඇයගේ මරනය සිදුවූ ආකාරය මෙන්ම එයට හේතුවද අදටත් අභිරහසක් ලෙස සැලකේ. ඇය මිය ගියද තවමත් ඇය  මිලියන දහයක තරම ජතාවකගේ හඳවත් හී සදාතනික රැජිනියයි.
GOD DIVYA BHARTI
රෝහණ මංජුල

God divya bharti


Rafael Palmero Ramos (Morales del Rey, 27 de julho de 1936 - Alicante, 8 de março de 2021) foi um clérigo espanhol e bispo católico romano de Orihuela-Alicante.

Depois de se formar em Morales del Rey, Rafael Palmero entrou no seminário de Astorga e estudou filosofia e teologia católica no seminário e na Pontifícia Universidade Gregoriana de Roma. Durante este tempo foi ex-aluno do Pontifício Colégio Espanhol. Em 13 de setembro de 1959, Palmero recebeu o Sacramento da Ordem para a Diocese de Astorga. Obteve seu doutorado em teologia pela Pontifícia Universidade Gregoriana com a tese Ecclesia Mater en San Agustín. Ele também obteve um diploma em sociologia pelo Centro Internazionale per la Formazione Sociale del Clero e em 1962 pela Pontifícia Universidade de São Tomás de Aquino uma licenciatura em ciências sociais.

De 1961 a 1965 Rafael Palmero ensinou eclesiologia e doutrina social católica no seminário de Astorga. Em 1963 tornou-se também delegado episcopal da Caritas na Diocese de Astorga. Palmero trabalhou desde 1968 como secretário pessoal do Arcebispo de Barcelona, Marcelo González Martín, e a partir de 1969 como Presidente da Fundação Obra também responder assistencial del Niño Dios em Barcelona. Em 1972 Rafael Palmero foi incardinado no clero da Arquidiocese de Toledo. No mesmo ano tornou-se vigário geral e professor de teologia pastoral e catequese no seminário de Toledo. A partir de 1974, Palmero também foi arquidiácono da Catedral de Toledo.

Em 24 de novembro de 1987, o Papa João Paulo II o nomeou Bispo Titular de Petina e Bispo Auxiliar de Toledo. O Arcebispo de Toledo, Cardeal Marcelo González Martín, o consagrou em 24 de janeiro de 1988 na Catedral de Toledo; Co-consagrantes foram o Bispo de Astorga, Antonio Briva Mirabent, e o Bispo de Ciudad Real, Rafael Torija de la Fuente. Seu lema era Cum ipso.

João Paulo II o nomeou Bispo de Palência em 9 de janeiro de 1996, com posse em 17 de fevereiro do mesmo ano. Em 26 de novembro de 2005, o Papa Bento XVI o nomeou ao Bispo de Orihuela-Alicante, com posse em 21 de janeiro de 2006. Em 5 de janeiro de 2011 Bento XVI o nomeou também membro do Pontifício Conselho para a Pastoral da Saúde.

Na Conferência Episcopal Espanhola, Rafael Palmero foi membro das Comissões de Pastoral Social (1987-1990), de Formação e Catequese (1990-1993), de Cooperação com Outras Igrejas (1990-1999), de Doutrina da Fé (1993-1999) e Pastoral (1999-2012) e Conselho de Assuntos Econômicos (1999-2012). Também foi responsável pelo Departamento de Pastoral da Saúde.

Papa Bento XVI aceitou a renúncia de Rafael Palmero por motivos de idade em 27 de julho de 2012.

Rafael Palmero morreu na casa do padre em Alicante como resultado de câncer.

Ver também

Bispos católicos da Espanha

Rafael Palmero Ramos


Stéphen Liégeard (* 29. März 1830 in Dijon; † 19. Dezember 1925 in Cannes) war ein französischer Jurist, Politiker und Dichter. Er veröffentlichte das Buch La Côte d'Azur, welches namengebend für die heutige Region Côte d'Azur an der französischen Mittelmeerküste war.

Biographie
François Stéphène Émile Liégeard, so lautet der bürgerliche Name Liégeards, wurde am 29. März 1830 in seinem burgundischen Elternhaus in Dijon geboren. Seine Eltern waren Jean-Baptiste Liégeard und Catherine Émilie Vallot. Er lebte lange Zeit in Brochon (Gevrey-Chambertin), wo er im Jahr 1900 inmitten eines ausgedehnten Parks ein Château errichten ließ. Das Gebäude ist bis heute erhalten; darin wird als Hauptgebäude (neben einem Zweckbau aus der Nachkriegszeit) seit 1962 eine Schule unter dem Namen Lycée Stephen Liégeard betrieben. Das Château steht seit 1975 unter Denkmalschutz. Stéphen Liégeard verstarb am 19. Dezember 1925 in einem Alter von 95 Jahren in Cannes.

Publikationen
 De l'origine, de l'esprit et des cas d'application de la maxime Le partage est déclaratif de propriété .... A. Durand, Paris 1855
 Le crime du 4 septembre .... J. Rozez, Brüssel 1871
 Trois ans à la Chambre. E. Dentu, Paris 1873
 A travers l'Engadine, la Valteline, le Tyrol du Sud, et les Lacs de l'Italie Supérieure. Hachette, Paris 1877
 Les grand coeurs. Hachette, Paris 1882
 Au caprice de la plume : Etudes, fantaisies, critique. Hachette, Paris 1884
 La Côte d'Azur. Ancienne Maison Quantin, Paris 1894
 Pages françaises. Hachette, Paris 1902
 Henry Février (Hrsg.): Les saisons : Quatre Poèms de Stéphen Liégeard. Recital Publications, Huntsville 1994
 Vingt journées d'un touriste au pays de Luchon. C. Lacour, Nimes 2003

Auszeichnungen
 1894 Literaturpreis der Académie française für Les grand coeurs

Einzelnachweise

Autor
Literatur (Französisch)
Literatur (19. Jahrhundert)
Literatur (20. Jahrhundert)
Mitglied der Ehrenlegion (Offizier)
Franzose
Geboren 1830
Gestorben 1925
Mann

Stéphen Liégeard


Scott Baker () este un scriitor american de științifico-fantastic, fantezie și  de groază. (Deși inițiala lui de mijloc este M., el nu ar trebui să fie confundat cu scriitorul de groază britanic, care publică sub numele de Scott M. Baker). Baker a crescut în Wheaton, Illinois, o dată o oprire pe calea ferată Underground Railroad, dar mai recent un bastion al fundamentalismului evanghelic și al conservatorismului politic, rezistență care a fost una dintre influențele dominante asupra vieții sale și a scrisului.

în 1982 a primit Premiul Apollo pentru Symbiote's crown (1978) / L'Idiot-roi / Regele-idiot.

Bibliografie

Romane
Symbiote's Crown (1978) - a câștigat Prix Apollo
Nightchild (1979)
Dhampire (1982)
Drink the Fire from the Flames (1987) (Ashlu)
Firedance (1986) (Ashlu)
Webs (1989)
Ancestral Hungers (1996)

Colecții de povestiri (numai în franceză)

 Nouvelle recette pentru canard au sang (1983)
 Fringales (1985)
 Aléas (1985)

Povestiri scurte (în engleză)
Flatsquid Thrills (1982)
The Path (1982)
The Lurking Duck (1983)          [World Fantasy nominee]
Still Life with Scorpion (1984)  - a câștigat World Fantasy Award
Sea Change (1986)                [Locus Awards nominee]
Nesting Instinct (1987)          [World Fantasy nominee]
The Sins of the Fathers (1988)
Varicose Worms (1989)            [World Fantasy nominee, Locus Awards nominee]
Alimentary Tract (1990)
The Jamesburg Incubus (1990)
Virus Dreams (1993)
Prospero (1993)
Full Fathom Deep (1995)
Feral Frolics (2014)

Antologii (numai în franceză)

 Ombres portées (1990)

Referințe

 Enciclopedia Science Fiction, pagina 82

Legături externe

Bibliography and book covers at FantasticFiction
French bibliography and book covers at nooSFere
French bibliography, covers, and cover copy at librarie YS: littératures de l'imaginaire

Nașteri în 1947
Scriitori de povestiri americani
Americani în viață
Scriitori americani de literatură științifico-fantastică
Scriitori americani de literatură de groază
Scriitori americani de literatură fantastică
Nașteri pe 29 septembrie
Scriitori americani din secolul al XX-lea
Scriitori americani din secolul al XXI-lea

Scott Baker


Asienmesterskabet i håndbold for kvinder 2002 var den 9. udgave af asienmesterskabet i håndbold for kvinder. Turneringen blev afholdt i Almaty i Kasakhstan, som var værtsland for første gang.

Mesterskabet havde deltagelse af syv hold og blev vundet af værtslandet , som dermed vandt den kontinentale mesterskabstitel for første gang, og som vandt alle sine fem kampe i turneringen. Det var første gang, at mesterskabet ikke blev vundet af , som til gengæld kunne rejse hjem med sølvmedaljerne, mens bronzemedaljerne gik til .

Turneringen fungerede også som den asiatiske del af kvalifikationen til VM i 2003, og holdene spillede om tre ledige pladser ved VM-slutrunden. De tre ledige VM-pladser gik derfor til de tre medaljevindende deltagende hold. Efterfølgende meldte  imidlertid afbud til VM, og holdets plads ved slutrunden blev derfor overtaget af holdet, der sluttede på fjerdepladsen, .

Resultater

Indledende runde

I den indledende runde var de syv hold opdelt i to grupper med tre eller fire hold. Hver gruppe spillede en enkeltturnering alle-mod-alle, og de to bedst placerede hold i hver gruppe gik videre til semifinalerne.

Gruppe A

Gruppe B

Slutspil

Semifinalerne havde deltagelse af de fire hold, som sluttede blandt de to bedste i deres indledende gruppe.

Placeringskamp

Placeringskampen om 5.- og 6.-pladsen havde deltagelse af de to hold, som sluttede som nr. 3 i deres indledende gruppe.

Rangering

Eksterne henvisninger
 Handball World Archive - Women Handball Asia 2002 Almaty (KAZ)
 第9回 アジア女子選手権

Noter

Håndbold i 2002
2002 (kvinder)
Håndbold i Kasakhstan
Sport i Almaty

Asienmesterskabet i håndbold 2002 (kvinder)


Raúl Alejandro Apold (Buenos Aires, 9 de noviembre de 1898 - 20 de enero de 1980) fue un periodista y político peronista que se hizo conocido por su labor en la Subsecretaría de Prensa y Difusión durante la primera y segunda presidencia de Juan Domingo Perón. Su abuelo paterno fue el inmigrante alemán Carlos Apold.

Comienzos en el periodismo
En 1919, a los 21 años era secretario del general Pablo Riccheri. Se inició en el periodismo ayudado por José Luis Cantilo en el diario yrigoyenista La Época donde ingresó como ordenanza y llegó a ser cronista deportivo. Trabajó luego en el diario El Mundo en temas aeronáuticos y en su trabajo recorría las oficinas gubernamentales, lo que permitió que fuera conocido por Perón que se desempeñaba en el Ministerio de Guerra. También colaboraba en El Hogar y Mundo Argentino; fue el asesor aeronáutico en la película Alas de mi patria, dirigida por Carlos Borcosque de Argentina Sono Film, productora cinematográfica de los hermanos Mentasti y se quedó como jefe de prensa. No dejó allí buenos recuerdos.

Apold llegó a la jefatura de los cronistas acreditados en la Casa Rosada y por la misma época conoció a Eva Duarte, que trabajaba en Radio Belgrano.

Llegada a la Secretaría de Prensa
El 21 de octubre de 1943 el dictador Pedro Pablo Ramírez creó la Subsecretaría de Informaciones y Prensa como dependencia del Ministerio del Interior, que puso a cargo de Oscar Lomuto; durante su gestión se aprobó el Estatuto del Periodista Profesional y se crearon la Agencia de Noticias del Estado (ANDES), el Archivo de la Palabra dependiente del Archivo Gráfico de la Nación y la agencia Telenoticiosa Americana (Télam). En junio de 1946 el coronel Rafael Lascalea fue nombrado al frente de la Subsecretaría pero a poco lo reemplazó el periodista Emilio Cipolleti, que falleció en diciembre de 1947 y fue sustituido por Carlos Pereyra Rosas, que murió a los dos meses. En enero de 1947 Apold fue designado Director General de Difusión de la Subsecretaría, cargo que retuvo cuando al poco tiempo lo nombraron director del diario Democracia, el primer periódico que se incorporó a la cadena de medios oficialistas.

En marzo de 1949 Apold fue nombrado Subsecretario de Prensa y se desempeñó hasta que renunció el  4 de julio de 1955 para ser reemplazado por León Bouché. Su renuncia fue parte de la renovación que encaró Perón para refrescar su gabinete después de ocurrido el intento de golpe de Estado del 16 de junio de ese año.

Actuación en la Secretaría de Prensa

Al hacerse cargo de la Subsecretaría, Apold le dio nuevo impulso: en 1955 su presupuesto llegó a los 40 millones de pesos, de los cuales 25 eran los salarios de más de mil agentes. Editó infinidad de publicaciones oficialistas (que llegaron a los 5 millones de folletos en los últimos dos años) que se distribuían en el país y en el exterior y la mayor parte se referían a discursos de Perón y de Evita. En los actos oficiales las fotografías eran tomadas por personal de la Subsecretaría, seleccionadas y enviadas a la prensa para su publicación junto con la gacetilla correspondiente. En 1950 se hizo acreedor de la Medalla Peronista.

En 1954 organizó el primer Festival Internacional de Cine de Mar del Plata.

Apold utilizó como medio de propaganda político a los documentales, que incluso se traducían a otros idiomas para ser proyectados en embajadas argentinas en el exterior. Así en ocasión de la visita que en 1950 realizó al país el presidente chileno Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Apold hizo filmar Argentina de fiesta, un cortometraje en blanco y negro dirigida por Enrique Cahen Salaberry sobre ese acontecimiento. En 1952 la Secretaría produjo Eva Perón inmortal, un cortometraje dirigido por Luis César Amadori sobre su propio guion sobre la vida y obra de Eva Perón.

Al comunicar el fallecimiento de Eva Perón, Apold cambió la hora del suceso –que era 20:23- por la de 20:25 que consideró más recordable y a partir de entonces y hasta la caída de Perón cuando llegaba la hora indicada en todas las radios se escuchaba que eran "las 20:25, hora en que Eva Perón pasó a la inmortalidad" y, a continuación, se irradiaba el boletín de noticias de Radio del Estado (otros dos boletines iban también por cadena a las 10 y a las 13). Por otra parte, contrató a Edward Cronjagar, camarógrafo de la 20th Century Fox, que había filmado los funerales del mariscal Foch para que hiciera lo mismo con el funeral de Evita y de ese material resultó el documental Y la Argentina detuvo su corazón.

Existen diversos comentarios sobre las directivas de Apold. Estableció listas negras que hizo cumplir dentro del periodismo, el mundo del entretenimiento y espectáculo, la política y la ciencia. En 1948 ordenó que la prensa no cubriera el regreso de Bernardo Houssay –un reconocido opositor del gobierno- desde Estocolmo adonde había ido a recibir el Premio Nobel de Medicina; el hijo de Domingo Mercante cuenta que un día escucharon a Evita despotricar contra Juan Atilio Bramuglia y que a partir de la entrevista que ella tuvo con Apold al día siguiente ningún medio pasó a mencionar a aquel ministro, y que lo mismo sucedió con Oscar Ivanissevich y con Ramón Carrillo. Con referencia a la caída en desgracia de su padre, también relató que el diputado Ángel José Miel Asquía recibió junto con Apold la orden de Eva Perón de que no podía aparecer una foto más de su padre, ni comentario escrito o radial. El cronista de cine Calki (Raimundo Calcagno) en la crítica publicada en la revista Rico Tipo escribió con referencia a una película italiana que "el argumento es más falso que una declaración de bienes" justo cuando Perón había hecho la suya; por orden de Apold lo echaron de todos los trabajos, empezando por Editorial Haynes que lo despidió por "calumnias e injurias al Presidente de la Nación". Cuando en pleno conflicto con la Iglesia se  realizó una gran concentración por el Día de la Virgen el 8 de diciembre de 1954, Apold ordenó a la prensa mantener silencio al respecto pero el diario católico El Pueblo publicó al día siguiente la foto de la gran multitud con la consecuencia que a los tres días estaba clausurado y con sus dueños presos. Por su parte al diario en lengua alemana Argentinisches Tageblatt que en 1955 publicó un cable que aludía a la excomunión de Perón, le fue retirada la provisión de papel de diario y luego de cuatro semanas fue citado en la Subsecretaría de informaciones donde después de advertirle que la libertad de prensa debía ejercerse responsablemente le repusieron el cupo que tenían. La esposa del entonces presidente de la Cámara de Diputados de la Nación, Ricardo César Guardo cuenta cómo supo por los diarios del 10 de febrero de 1948 que había caído políticamente en desgracia: el diario La Nación publicaba la fotografía de un acto realizado el día anterior en la embajada de México en la que aparecía junto a otros ministros y en la nota era mencionado como uno de los asistentes, en tanto en el diario oficialista Democracia, dirigido por Apold, la misma foto publicada había sido alterada y Guardo ya no aparecía en ella, como tampoco estaba en la lista de presentes.

En 1947 Apold decretó la prohibición de películas de origen soviético. Esta censura terminó en 1951, cuando Argentino Vainikoff, de la distribuidora Artkino, y el secretario político de la Presidencia, Martín Carlos Martínez, convencieron al presidente Perón de levantar la prohibición, pese a las reticencias de Apold.

Los detractores de Apold lo llamaban «El nazi».

Apold fue quien ideó el lema propagandístico "Perón cumple, Evita dignifica", y quien tuvo la idea del programa radial Pienso y digo lo que pienso que se transmitía por cadena nacional todos los días a las 20:30 horas en el cual artistas conocidos –el más importante de los cuales fue Enrique Santos Discépolo, con guiones de Abel Santa Cruz y Julio Porter, leían textos de propaganda oficial.

Controversias
Según la investigación de la periodista Silvia Mercado publicada en su libro El inventor del peronismo, Apold en persona habría sido el ejecutor de Juan Duarte, y el hecho habría sucedido luego de un famoso discurso de Perón advirtiendo que no toleraría corrupción dentro de su gobierno.

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos

Periodistas de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Peronistas
Anticomunistas de Argentina
Alumnado del Colegio La Salle Buenos Aires
Fallecidos en Buenos Aires
Sepultados en el cementerio de La Chacarita

Raúl Apold


Verschaffeltia, monotipski rod palmi smješten u podtribus Verschaffeltiinae, dio tribusa Areceae, potporodica Arecoideae. Jedina vrsta je sejšelski endem V. splendida .

Sinonimi
 Regelia H.Wendl.

Izvori

Verschaffeltiinae
Flora Sejšela

Verschaffeltia


The Alarodian languages are a proposed language family that encompasses the Northeast Caucasian (Nakh–Dagestanian) languages and the extinct Hurro-Urartian languages.

History

The term Alarodian is derived from Greek Ἀλαρόδιοι (Alarodioi), the name of an ethnic group mentioned by Herodotus which has often been equated with the people of the kingdom of Urartu, although this equation is considered doubtful by modern scholars.

Historically, the term "Alarodian languages" was employed for several language family proposals of various size. Sayce (1880) employed the name for a small group that comprised Urartian (then called "Vannic") and the Kartvelian languages (Georgian, Laz, Mingrelian, and Svan). In 1884, the German orientalist Fritz Hommel further included all languages of the Caucasus and the ancient Near East which did not belong to the Indo-European, Semitic, and the now obsolete Ural–Altaic language families, e.g. Elamite, Kassite. Later, he extended the Alarodian family to include the pre-Indo-European languages of Europe, e.g. Lemnian, Etruscan, Ligurian. Karel Oštir's (1921) version of Alarodian included all aforementioned languages, further Basque, Sumerian, Egyptian, the Cushitic and Berber languages. The historical Alarodian proposal – especially Oštir's maximal extension – was however not well-received by the majority of scholars ("Ce petit livre donne le vertige"—"This little book makes one dizzy", A. Meillet), and eventually abandoned.

The term "Alarodian languages" was revived by I.M. Diakonoff for the proposed language family that unites the Hurro-Urartian and Northeast Caucasian languages. Work by I.M. Diakonoff and Starostin (1986) asserted the connection between "Nakh-Dagestanian" (NE Caucasian) and Hurro-Urartian on the basis of comparison of their reconstruction to Proto-Nakh-Dagestanian, later published in 1994 with Nikolayev.

Proposed relation to Tyrsenian
The inclusion of Etruscan and the related Tyrsenian languages has also been proposed, first by Orel and Starostin in 1990, on the basis of sound correspondences. Facchetti has argued that there is a "curious" set of isoglosses between Etruscan and Hurrian, while Pliev proposed instead that Etruscan had a Nakh substrate. In 2006, Robertson further developed the hypothesis for including Tyrsenian based on proposed Etruscan/Nakh sound correspondences and reconstructions for the numerals.

Reception
The validity of the Alarodian hypothesis remains fairly controversial. Many scholars doubt that the Hurro-Urartian and Northeastern Caucasian languages are related, or believe that, while a connection is possible, the evidence is far from conclusive. The Indo-Europeanist Allan R. Bomhard argues instead for a genetic relationship between Hurro-Urartian and Indo-European (most experts exclude a close genetic relationship between Northeast Caucasian and Indo-European, making the two hypotheses probably exclusive). The Caucasian language specialist Johanna Nichols grounds her scepticism in the Alarodian theory in that "neither Diakonoff and Starostin, nor Nikolayev and Starostin, take on the burden of proof and discuss whether the incidence of resemblances exceeds chance expectation, nor do they present examples of the kind of shared morphological paradigmaticity that would strongly support genetic relatedness".

Nevertheless, Petri Kallio, a Uralicist and Indo-Europeanist, argues that from the perspective of what relationships are most likely for Northeast Caucasian, the Alarodian theory is considered the most promising, more so than the attempts to link Northeast and Northwest Caucasian, let alone attempts to link Northeast Caucasian to Indo-European, Kartvelian, Etruscan, Burushaki, or "Dene-Caucasian". A major obstacle to progress on the question (and any other questions about relationships with or within Northeast Caucasian) is the lack of consensus about the reconstruction of Proto-Northeast-Caucasian itself.

See also
 Hurrian language
 Urartian language
 Caucasian Albanian language

Notes

References

Literature
 A. Svanidze. "Materials for history of Alarodian tribes" (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1937 (in Russian)
 G.A. Melikishvili. Questions of the oldest population of Georgia, Caucasus and the Near East (a monograph), Tbilisi, 1965 (in Georgian, Russian summary)
 I. Diakonoff, S. Starostin. "Hurro-Urartian as an Eastern Caucasian Language".- Münchener Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, Beiheft, N.F., 12, 1986 (in English)
 Alarodian languages.- Encyclopedia "Sakartvelo", vol. I, Tbilisi, 1997, pp. 90 (in Georgian)

External links
Comparative Notes on Hurro-Urartian, Northern Caucasian and Indo-European  by V. V. Ivanov

Proposed language families

Alarodian languages


est le cinquième album studio de Kendrick Lamar, sorti en 2022, sur les labels , Top Dawg, Aftermath et Interscope.

Ce double album marque le dernier projet de Lamar chez Top Dawg. L'artiste californien revient après quatre ans d'absence et l'album Black Panther: The Album du film éponyme, et cinq d'absence en solo avec l'album Damn. Comme ses œuvres précédentes, Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers reçoit un accueil critique unanimement favorable.

Genèse
En , Lamar publie un article sur un blog nommé oklama révélant qu'il travaille sur son prochain album, son dernier pour le label Top Dawg :

Sortie et promotion
Malgré des rumeurs annonçant une sortie d'un single avant la performance de Lamar au , l'artiste demeure silencieux jusqu'en . Le Californien révèle le titre et la date de sortie de son album, intitulé  et prévu pour le . Il tease également la suite de sa série de singles .

Le , Lamar publie , accompagné d'un clip vidéo. Le single, n'étant pas inclus dans l'album, est bien accueilli par la presse et fait parler de lui, après plusieurs mois d'attente. Le clip, sorti le jour suivant sur YouTube, dépasse les cinq millions de vues en dix heures. Il montre Lamar rappant face caméra en prenant épisodiquement l'apparence de plusieurs personnalités afro-américaines grâce à la technologie du deepfake : O. J. Simpson, Kanye West, Jussie Smollett, Will Smith, Kobe Bryant et Nipsey Hussle.

Deux jours avant sa sortie, Lamar révèle la couverture de l'album, réalisée par Renell Medrano. L'artiste, au premier plan et de dos dans une pièce rapiécée, porte un revolver à l'arrière de son pantalon et tient sa fille aînée dans ses bras qui regarde vers l'objectif. Il porte une couronne d'épines en référence à sa foi chrétienne. En arrière-plan, assise sur un lit, la femme de Lamar berce le dernier né.

Critique

Fiche technique

Liste des titres

Notes
 United in Grief, Father Time et We Cry Together sont narrés par Whitney Alford, la femme de Kendrick Lamar.
 Worldwide Steppers et Mirror contiennent des voix additionnelles de Kodak Black.
 Rich (Interlude) contient des chœurs de Kodak Black.
 Rich Spirit  contient des chœurs de .
 Count Me Out contient des chœurs de .
 Count Me Out, Savior (Interlude) et Mr. Morale sont narrés par Eckhart Tolle.
 Savior (Interlude) contient des chœurs de Baby Keem.
 Auntie Diaries et Mirror contiennent des chœurs de .
 Mr. Morale contient des voix additionnelles de Sam Dew.

Samples
 Worldwide Steppers contient des samples de Break Through de  et de Look Up Look Down de Soft Touch.
 Die Hard contient un sample de Remember the Rain de .
 We Cry Together contient un sample de June de Florence + The Machine.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Double album
Album de hip-hop américain
Album de Kendrick Lamar
Album musical sorti en 2022
Album numéro un au Billboard 200
Album numéro un au Canada
Album numéro un au Danemark
Album numéro un au Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums
Album numéro un au UK Hip Hop and R&B Chart
Album numéro un aux Pays-Bas
Album numéro un en Australie
Album numéro un en Belgique
Album numéro un en Finlande
Album numéro un en Irlande
Album numéro un en Norvège
Album numéro un en Nouvelle-Zélande
Album numéro un en Suède
Album produit par The Alchemist
Album produit par Boi-1da
Album produit par Cardo
Album produit par DJ Khalil
Album produit par Pharrell Williams
Album publié par Aftermath Entertainment
Album publié par Interscope Records

Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers


The Maze este un film SF de groază britanic din 1953 regizat de William Cameron Menzies. Rolurile principale au fost interpretate de actorii Richard Carlson, Veronica Hurst, Katherine Emery, Michael Pate și John Dodsworth.

Distribuție
 Richard Carlson
 Veronica Hurst
 Katherine Emery
 Michael Pate
 John Dodsworth

Note

Legǎturi externe

Filme din 1953
Filme în limba engleză
Filme de groază din anii 1950
Filme SF din anii 1950
Filme Allied Artists
Filme americane
Filme regizate de William Cameron Menzies

The Maze (film din 1953)


Mother Riley Meets the Vampire este o comedie neagră britanică din 1952 regizată de John Gilling. Rolurile principale sunt interpretate de actorii Arthur Lucan și Bela Lugosi.

Rezumat

Distribuție
 Arthur Lucan - Doamna Reliy
 Bela Lugosi - Von Housen
 María Mercedes - Julia Loretti
 Dora Bryan - Tilly
 Philip Leaver - Anton Daschomb
 Richard Wattis - Freddie
 Graham Moffatt - țăranul

Note

Legături externe

Filme din 1952
Filme de groază din anii 1950
Filme în limba engleză
Filme de groază
Filme regizate de John Gilling
Filme britanice

Mother Riley Meets the Vampire


Nyborg Færgehavn Station var en jernbanestation i Nyborg. Den var sidste station inden togene kørte ombord på Storebæltsoverfarten.

Stationen lukkede i 1997, hvor Storebæltsforbindelsen åbnede.

Den sidste station før Storebælt har siden da været Nyborg Station, der blev anlagt i forbindelse med den faste forbindelse. Den tidligere station i byen, Nyborg H, er i dag omdannet til boliger.

Nedlagte jernbanestationer i Danmark
Færgehavn Station

Nyborg Færgehavn Station


Çiftlikköy, Samsun ilinin Havza ilçesine bağlı bir mahalledir.

Coğrafya
Samsun iline 121 km, Havza ilçesine 37 km uzaklıktadır.

Nüfus

Havza'nın mahalleleri

Çiftlikköy, Havza


Fischerbach heißen folgende geographische Objekte:

 Fischerbach, Gemeinde und Dorf im Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg
Baulichkeiten:
 Burg Fischerbach, abgegangene Burg in Fischerbach, Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg
 Fischerbacher Turm, abgegangene Burg in Fischerbach, Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg
Gewässer:
 Fischerbach (Fischa), Quellbach der Fischa in Niederösterreich
 Fischerbach (Kinzig), rechter Zufluss der Kinzig vor Eschau, Gemeinde Fischerbach, Ortenaukreis, Baden-Württemberg
 Fischerbach, Zufluss zum Leukbach im Grenzgebiet Saarland–Rheinland-Pfalz
 Fischerbach (Steyr), Bach zur Steyr bei der Stadt Steyr, Oberösterreich
 Fischerbach, Bach in München

Siehe auch:
Fischbach

Fischerbach (Begriffsklärung)


James Richard Arnold (5 mai 1923-6 janvier 2012) était un professeur Harold Urey (émérite) de chimie et pionnier reconnu dans le domaine de la chimie planétaire et spatiale à l'université de Californie à San Diego (UCSD), où un poste de conférencier doté a été créé à son nom.

Éducation
Arnold fait ses études à l'université de Princeton, où il s'inscrit au premier cycle à l'âge de 16 ans. Il y obtient son doctorat en 1946 à 23 ans, pour des travaux sur le projet Manhattan (sa thèse est toujours classée). Les inquiétudes concernant les retombées nucléaires et la guerre l'ont incité à être l'un des premiers membres de l'Union of Concerned Scientists et un fédéraliste mondial, grâce auquel il a rencontré sa femme Louise en 1950.

En tant que chercheur postdoctoral sous la direction de Willard Libby à l'université de Chicago, Arnold a contribué à développer les techniques de datation au carbone 14, en travaillant avec des échantillons archéologiques d'Égypte et d'autres échantillons d'âge connu. Pour ces travaux, Libby a reçu le prix Nobel de chimie en 1960.

Carrière
Après son postdoc, Arnold est retourné à Princeton en tant que membre de la faculté, travaillant sur l'utilisation des rayons cosmiques pour mesurer l'âge des roches, et où il a commencé ses travaux sur la matière extraterrestre, y compris les rayons cosmiques. C'est à Princeton que Masatake (Masa) Honda et Devendra Lal se joignent à ses travaux, une association qui durera toute leur vie.

En 1957, Roger Revelle travaille à la création de l'UCSD près du campus de l'Institut d'océanographie Scripps. Il a recruté Arnold et quelques autres pour faire partie de la faculté fondatrice. Le recrutement de Harold C. Urey a convaincu Arnold d'accepter et de déménager dans l'Ouest en 1958, quittant Princeton pour devenir le président fondateur du département de chimie de l'UCSD et contribuer à la création du campus et au recrutement de la faculté. Il a été consultant pour la NASA pendant de nombreuses années, participant à l'établissement des priorités en matière de recherche scientifique, et ce trois mois seulement après la création de la NASA. Il a joué un rôle majeur dans l'établissement et la réforme du laboratoire de réception lunaire pour le traitement des échantillons lunaires retournés pendant le programme Apollo, notamment en étant l'un des « quatre cavaliers », avec Bob Walker, Paul Werner Gast et Gerry Wasserburg.

Arnold a mené ses propres recherches sur les roches lunaires et les rayons cosmiques. Sous le nom de SHRELLDALFF (d'après les initiales de ses membres), son équipe a publié d'importants articles et il a poursuivi longtemps après ses études lunaires, notamment en mesurant le bombardement de la surface lunaire par les rayons cosmiques, ce qui a permis de déterminer la production d'énergie du Soleil sur des millions d'années. Pour ses travaux, il a reçu la médaille pour réalisation scientifique exceptionnelle de la NASA en 1970.

À la demande de Jerry Brown, alors gouverneur, il a fondé en 1979 le California Space Institute (CalSpace) de l'université de Californie, dont il a été le premier directeur pendant dix ans.

L'astéroïde  (2143) Jimarnold, a été baptisé du nom d'Arnold par ses découvreurs, E. F. Helin et Gene Shoemaker, en 1980, pour ses travaux sur les modèles informatiques de déplacement des météorites..

Arnold était membre de l'Académie nationale des sciences, de l'Académie américaine des arts et des sciences, et membre étranger de l'Académie nationale des sciences de l'Inde.

Arnold était également connu pour ses chemises sauvages, un soulagement par rapport à la tenue formelle exigée à Princeton. Il a été marié à Louise Arnold pendant 60 ans et ils ont eu trois fils, Bob, Ted et Ken.

Notes et références

Liens externes

Professeur à l'université de Californie à San Diego
Membre de l'Académie nationale des sciences
Planétologue
Étudiant de l'université de Princeton
Chimiste américain
Personnalité du projet Manhattan
Décès en janvier 2012
Naissance en mai 1923
Décès à 88 ans
Décès à La Jolla
Naissance dans le comté de Sussex (New Jersey)
Récipiendaire du prix Gerard-P.-Kuiper

James R. Arnold


The Fiat G.91 is a jet fighter aircraft designed and built by the Italian aircraft manufacturer Fiat Aviazione, which later merged into Aeritalia.

The G.91 has its origins in the NATO-organised NBMR-1 competition started in 1953, which sought a light fighter-bomber (officially, the competition was seeking a "Light Weight Strike Fighter") to be adopted as standard equipment across the air forces of the various NATO nations. The G.91 was specifically designed to fulfil the requirements of this competition, being relatively lightweight and capable of operating from austere airstrips while also being armoured and suitably armed while remaining relatively affordable in comparison to many frontline fighters. On 9 August 1956, the prototype conducted its maiden flight. After reviewing multiple submissions, the G.91 was picked as the winning design of the NBMR-1 competition.

During 1961, the G.91 entered into operational service with the Italian Air Force, and with the West German Luftwaffe in the following year. Various other nations adopted it, such as the Portuguese Air Force, who made extensive use of the type during the Portuguese Colonial War in Angola and Mozambique. The G.91 remained in production for 19 years, during which a total of 756 aircraft were completed, including the prototypes and pre-production models. The assembly lines were finally closed in 1977. The G.91 was also used as a basis for a twin-engined derivative: the Fiat/Aeritalia G.91Y. The G.91 had a relatively lengthy service life, outlasting the Cold War and being finally withdrawn in 1995. It was displaced by newer types such as the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet and the Aermacchi MB-326.

Development

Origins

As a result of experiences from the Korean War alongside newly developed concepts of aerial cooperation, the members of NATO recognised a need to reequip their inventories with suitable jet-powered ground attack aircraft. In December 1953, NATO Supreme Command issued specifications for a new light tactical support aircraft. European manufacturers were invited to submit their designs for this requested Light Weight Strike Fighter role. The G.91 was designed to this specification by the Italian engineer Giuseppe Gabrielli, hence the "G" designation. The competition was intended to produce an aircraft that was light, small, expendable, equipped with basic weapons and avionics and capable of operating with minimal ground support. These specifications were developed for two reasons: the first was the nuclear threat to large air bases, many cheaper aircraft could be better dispersed, and the other was to counter the trend towards larger and more expensive aircraft.

The specified technical requirements included a 1,100 m (3,610 ft) takeoff distance over a 15 m (49 ft) obstacle, the capability to operate from semi-prepared grass airstrips and roads, a maximum speed of Mach 0.95, a range of 280 km (170 mi) with 10 minutes over the target while possessing a maximum of 2,200 kg (4,850 lb) empty weight and 4,700 kg (10,360 lb) max weight. Equipment requirements were the presence of armoured protection for the pilot and the fuel tanks along with alternative arrangements of 4 × 12.7 mm (.5 in) machine guns or 2 × 20 mm or 30 mm autocannon. These operational specifications were viewed as not being straightforward to fulfil at that time.

The challenge of providing an engine that matched the requirements of lightness and power, reliability and ease of maintenance was solved by using the Bristol Siddeley Orpheus turbojet then at the start of development in the UK. Development of this engine was aided by substantial contribution from the US Mutual Weapons Development Programme. Nine of the ten designs to be subsequently submitted for the competition were powered by the Orpheus engine.

In order to evaluate the bids that various aircraft manufacturers submitted in response, a special Advisory Group for Aeronautical Research and Development (AGARD) committee conducted extensive evaluations. The designs were required within two months of the competition, in which time an assortment of submissions were made, mainly by European companies. Besides the G.91, these included the Northrop N-156, Dassault Mystère XXVI, Sud-Est Baroudeur, Aerfer Sagittario 2 and the Breguet Br.1001 Taon. On 18 March 1953, these submitted designs formally began to be assessed by the AGARD committee, which was under the chairmanship of Theodore von Kármán. The initial project selection process took 18 months to complete.

Fly-off and selection
On 3 June 1955, it was announced that the Fiat G.91 had been selected as the design with the most promise. Out of the submissions, the two winning projects were, in order: the Breguet Br.1001 Taon and the Fiat G.91. A third aircraft design was subsequently added: the Dassault Mystère XXVI. As a result of the G.91's selection, an immediate order was received for three prototypes and a total of 27 pre-production aircraft. Fiat quickly set about developing the concept to the prototype phase; noticeable changes in the design occurred during this phase, such as increases in the aircraft's maximum weight due to the addition of supplementary equipment and structural strengthening measures.

On 9 August 1956, the prototype G.91 conducted its maiden flight at the Caselle airfield, Turin, Italy; it was flown by Chief Test Pilot Riccardo Bignamini. Accordingly, the G.91 had achieved a seven-month head start over the Dassault prototype and almost a year ahead of the Breguet Taon. An intensive series of test flights followed the type's maiden flight, these were not without setbacks. The most serious problem discovered during these was the presence of aeroelastic vibrations, leading to a series of investigative flights to resolve this condition. On 20 February 1957, during a test flight intended to explore the limits of the aircraft's speed-load envelope, difficulties led to the destruction of the first G.91 prototype. The cause of the prototype's loss was linked to problems encountered with the horizontal control system which had led to structural failure; this led to the tail assembly being subjected to rigorous testing to identify the cause of the failure.

The re-engineering work that had been performed to cure the vibration problem was very extensive and resulted in the second prototype being fitted with a larger tail, a six cm (two in) higher canopy, and the addition of a ventral fin. The second prototype had other modifications, including the installation of a full armament and a more powerful Orpheus engine capable of 4,850 lbf. In July 1957, the second prototype performed its first flight; it was not immediately sent to participate in the final evaluation process. Both the third and fourth G.91 prototypes were later sent to France to continue the evaluation flights.

The final selection of the competing designs was planned for late 1957. In September 1957, at the Centre d'Essais en Vol at Brétigny-sur-Orge, in France, the three rival aircraft types met for evaluation trials. During these trials, the Italian aircraft is claimed to have delivered an impressive performance. In January 1958, the Fiat G.91 was officially declared the winner of the competition.

In April 1958, following a meeting of NATO defence ministers, an agreement was formed that the G.91 would be the first NATO lightweight strike fighter, and that it was to be followed in 1961 by "a developed version" of the Breguet Taon. In May 1958, a production meeting was scheduled to discuss the production of the aircraft with financial support from the United States; the Americans would provide some of the finance for the French, German and Italian aircraft, in addition to paying for the Turkish aircraft. The defence ministers reached an agreement to order 50 aircraft for each country.

Given the large economic and commercial interests at stake, there was a certain amount of controversy surrounding this decision. After the loss of the first G.91 prototype, the French government preferred to pursue development of the locally designed Étendard instead. The British government similarly ignored the competition to concentrate on Hawker Hunter production for the same role. The Italian government had elected to order the G.91 for the Italian Air Force prior to the results of the competition being known. These pre-production machines would later go on to serve for many years with the Italian aerobatic team, the Frecce Tricolori, designated as the G.91 PAN.

Production
By 1957, Fiat Aviazione was in the process of establishing the first production line for the G.91 at their facility at Turin-Aeritalia Airport, Piedmont, Italy. In total, Fiat constructed 174 G.91s of various variants for Italy, along with an additional 144 G.91 R/3 variants for West Germany (including 50 that had been ordered and then cancelled by Greece and Turkey). The first order was for 50 aircraft from Aeritalia, then Dornier and other German firms had an order for 232 machines, which was later increased to 294. The Luftwaffe (German Air Force) also bought 44 G-91T/3 two-seat trainers and another 22 were produced in Germany, ending production in 1972.

The German order involved a production run of 294 G.91s that were domestically constructed in Germany under a license production arrangement by Flugzeug-Union Süd, a consortium of former competitors Messerschmitt, Heinkel and Dornier; Messerschmitt produced the forward fuselage and tail assembly, Dornier manufactured the center fuselage along with final assembly and flight testing, while Heinkel fabricated the wing. The G.91 holds the distinction of being the first combat aircraft to be manufactured in Germany since the Second World War. On 20 July 1961, the first German-built G.91 conducted its first flight from Oberpfaffenhofen Airfield.

Aeritalia also negotiated a comprehensive license manufacturing agreement for the Orpheus engine that powered the type. Messier-Bugatti-Dowty produced the aircraft's undercarriage.

The G.91 was also considered by a number of nations, including Austria, Norway, and Switzerland. During early 1961, four G.91s were shipped to the United States in order to participate in a formal evaluation program for the United States Army; these aircraft were subjected to several evaluation trials, the majority of which taking place within Alabama and New Mexico. The US Army studied the use of the type as a possible Forward Air Control aircraft. However, the service subsequently relinquished all fixed-wing aircraft operations to the United States Air Force, and thus the prospective G.91 procurement was not pursued.

Design

The Fiat G.91 is a lightweight tactical ground attack aircraft. It is a subsonic aircraft that was designed for both simplicity and agility. A key function of the aircraft is its short-field capability, having been constructed with a rugged airframe to withstand the demands imposed by high-intensity operations and the use of semi-prepared airstrips; the undercarriage is furnished with low-pressure tyres for the same purpose. The standard mission of the G.91 was the attack of targets within a 170-mile radius of its base with a typical loiter time of ten minutes, travelling at maximum speed in the combat area and traversing at cruise speeds. The G.91 is typically powered by a single Bristol Siddeley Orpheus turbojet engine.

The all-metal fuselage uses conventional and straightforward construction methods, being a semi-monocoque design manufactured in three sections. The forward section, which was produced separate to the others before being rivetted to the centre fuselage, contains various radio navigation and communication equipment such as radio direction finder, transponder, ultra high frequency (UHF) radio, and identification friend or foe (IFF); the nose typically contained a total of three cameras. The cockpit is positioned directly above the chin-mounted air intake for the engine. It is surrounded on three sides with steel armour plating, the glass windshield is also armoured. The cockpit is furnished with a Martin-Baker Mk.4 ejector seat; it is both pressurised and equipped with manually controlled climate controls.

The center fuselage section houses the armament bay, which is set beneath the cockpit, and the seven split fuel tanks, which are protected against damage from ground fire by armour plating. The armament bay can accommodate up to four 12.7 mm (0.50 in) M2 Browning machine guns with 300 rounds of ammo per gun, or alternatively up to two 30 mm (1.18 in) DEFA cannons with 120 rounds per cannon. Other munitions included various rockets and bombs; while gun pods and external drop tanks can be installed on hardpoints fitted on the wing. Both weapons and ammunition in the armament bay were mounted on panel doors, which could be easily removed and quickly swapped by two men during rearming on the ground. In addition, various access panels are incorporated to enable simple field maintenance duties to be readily performed on the type.

The G.91 is equipped with a swept wing, which uses an all-metal two-spar structure; the outer panels can all be detached for transportation or easy replacement, while the center section is integral with the fuselage. It is swept at a 37-degree angle at quarter-chord with a thickness-to-chord ratio of 10 per cent. The wing features single-slotted flaps and hydraulically-actuated ailerons. The tailplane is electrically actuated and had irreversible hydraulic elevators fitted with an artificial feel system as well as hydraulically-actuated air brakes and a drogue parachute located at the base of the rudder for rapid deceleration.

For the purpose of readily carrying out operations from austere airstrips, Fiat developed purpose-built ground support equipment for the easy and rapid servicing of the aircraft. Specifically, the equipment needed to inspect, maintain, resupply, and repair the G.91 were designed to possess minimal weight and size to facilitate transportation. Fiat also completed a study to add hooks onto the aircraft for the purpose compatibility with arresting gear and aircraft catapult for further increased short field performance; a number of production aircraft in Luftwaffe service were outfitted as such.

Operational history

Italy

On 20 February 1958, the first pre-production G.91 conducted its maiden flight. In August 1958, the 103mo Gruppo, 5a Aerobrigata, called "Caccia Tattici Leggeri" (Light Tactical Fighter Group), was formed for the purpose of conducting operational evaluation of the aircraft, initially based at Pratica di Mare Air Force Base. In 1959, the 103Mo were transferred to Frosinone Airport for trialling the austere basing capabilities of the G.91, including operating from various types of terrain. The unit also performed exercises in the vicinity of Venice, such as at Maniago and Campoformido, in the presence of NATO officials; during this stage of the trials, German pilots also flew the aircraft.

In 1961, the next operational unit to be formed was 14mo Gruppo, Seconda Aerobrigata. This unit had its role shifted to tactical support, because its groups were 14mo, 103mo (dispatched from 5 A/B to this Aerobrigade) and 13mo (only in reserve). All of them were based at Treviso-Sant'Angelo.

During 1964, the pre-production aircraft of 103mo Gruppo were replaced by production standard G.91 R/1 combat aircraft; thus 16 of the pre-production aircraft were converted for service with the Italian aerobatic team, the Frecce Tricolori; these conversions, which had their armament removed and other modifications such as the addition of pitch dampers, ballast, and smoke tanks beneath the wings, were designated as the G.91 PAN. The G.91 PAN reportedly accumulated roughly 1,500 flight hours per year, and had an average efficiency in excess of 90 per cent.

In late 1964, the first batch of two-seater G.91T/1 aircraft, which had lengthened fuselage to accommodate an additional seat for training purposes, was delivered to the Scuola Volo Basico Avanzato (Amendola flying school for advanced jet training). These aircraft were used for the further training of pilots that had recently graduated from the Aermacchi MB-326 jet trainer.

In 1995, the last G.91 was phased out and retired by Italy.

Germany

In September 1960, the Luftwaffe received their first two Fiat-built G.91 R/3 aircraft. An initial five G.91R/3 aircraft were delivered to Erprobungstelle 61 for trials with subsequent deliveries being allocated to Aufklärungsgeschwader 53 (53rd Reconnaissance Group) based at Erding, near Munich along with Waffenschule 50 (Weapons School 50). On 20 July 1961, the first Dornier-built G.91 performed its first flight. The G.91R/3 equipped four newly formed Leichte Kampfgeschwader (light attack wings), often being used to replace older aircraft such as the American-built Republic F-84F Thunderstreak.

In October 1961, Aufklärungsgeschwader 53 became the first operational G.91 unit to achieve active status; in late May 1962, this same unit proceeded to carry out its first operational training flights. During 1962 and 1963, the Luftwaffe conducted a series of trials to determine the capabilities of the type in terms of austere and unfavourable climate performance, including an overseas deployment to Béchar Province, Algeria, to test the G.91's versatility and operational efficiency within such climate conditions.

An additional 45 G.91 T/3 Fiat-built two-seat trainer aircraft were ordered for the Luftwaffe, the first 35 being allocated to Waffenschule 50 with the balance of the order divided between operational units. In early 1961, Waffenschule 50 began its first training courses for pilot instructors. Of these, 22 aircraft were built by Dornier between 1971 and 1973; this variant were used to train Weapons Systems Officers for the F-4 Phantom.

Fifty G.91 R/4 aircraft were taken up from a cancelled Greek/Turkish order but were deemed to be unsuitable for operational use. Alternatively, these were used as training aircraft and were operated solely by Waffenschule 50. When the initial training programme was completed, all R/4 aircraft were retired in 1966 and 40 surviving airframes were sold to Portugal. Other R/4 aircraft remained in Germany and were transferred to ground instructional use or for static displays at recruitment presentations.

It has been claimed that the Luftwaffe had intended to equip a further four wings with the G.91R/3; however, initial operating experience with the type had allegedly left the Luftwaffe disappointed with the aircraft's performance and thus the intended further orders for the type were cut. A number of Luftwaffe G.91s were emblazoned with a "pig" emblem, this has been interpreted as a comment on the aircraft's lacklustre performance.

On 1 January 1970, the Luftwaffe fleet consisted of 310 G.91 R/3 and 40 G.91T aircraft; by 1976, only 20 of the G.91 R/3 aircraft had been lost to accidents, a loss rate of 6 per cent. During the early 1980s, the G.91 R/3 was replaced in German service by the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet which operated in the same role; the last G.91 aircraft were officially retired in 1982.

Portugal
From 1961, Portugal became involved in fighting against nationalist movements in its African overseas territories, the series of conflicts becoming known as the Portuguese Colonial War. Portugal had deployed a detachment of F-86 Sabres to Portuguese Guinea in August 1961, prior to the outbreak of major fighting, but was forced to withdraw the jet fighters back to Europe owing to pressure from the United States and the United Nations, who imposed an arms embargo. This left a gap in air cover for Portugal's African colonies, both in the close air support role, and in the air defence role.

In 1965, as the scale of fighting increased, Portugal attempted to purchase 100 surplus Canadian built Sabre Mk 6s from West Germany, but instead, it was offered 40 G.91R/4s, which had originally been built for Greece and Turkey and which differed from the rest of the Luftwaffe G.91s sufficiently to create maintenance problems in exchange for allowing Germany to build and use an airbase at Beja in Portugal for training.

G.91s arrived in Portuguese Guinea in 1966, equipping Esquadra 121 Tigres based at Bissau, and being used for reconnaissance and close support with rockets, napalm and bombs against PAIGC rebels.  When the PAIGC started to be supplied with Soviet-made Strela 2 (NATO designation SA-7 Grail) MANPADS in early 1973, these immediately became a threat to Portuguese air superiority. On 25 March 1973, and 28 March, two FAP G.91s were shot down by missiles within three days, with a further two lost to conventional ground fire later in the year. (By comparison, only two G.91s had been lost in Guinea from 1966 to 1973.) A final G.91 was lost to a missile on 31 January 1974, while Strelas were also responsible for the loss of a T-6 Texan and two Do.27K-2s.

G.91s deployed to Mozambique at the end of 1968, equipping Esquadra 502 Jaguares ininitally at Beira, later moving to Nacala, with a second squadron Esquadra 702 Escorpiões (Scorpions) forming in September 1970 at Tete, flying against FRELIMO forces. FRELIMO also received Strelas in 1973, although unlike elsewhere, the Portuguese in Mozambique did not lose any aircraft to missiles with Chinese support, even if it forced Portuguese pilots to change their tactics. The only G.91 destroyed in combat in Mozambique was the serial number 5429, flown by Lt. Emilio Lourenço: his plane was destroyed and Lourenço killed by a premature detonation of its bombs while flying a strike against rebel positions on 15 March 1973.

In 1973, with the United Nations weapons embargo against Portugal, the Air Force faced problems purchasing further numbers of close air support aircraft. An attempt was then made to acquire more Fiat G.91s from Germany by having Dornier disassembling the aircraft and then selling them as spare parts to Switzerland and Spain. These spare parts would be later sold to Portugal and assembled locally with different serial numbers. However, the deal did not follow through as the German government vetoed it.

In April 1974, the Portuguese government fell in the Carnation Revolution, with the new government seeking to grant its colonies independence.  Portugal withdrew its G.91s from Guinea when it was granted independence in 1974, with its forces also leaving Mozambique.  One of the G.91 squadrons was briefly deployed to Angola in late 1974, in order to try to prevent fighting between rival National Liberation Front of Angola (FNLA) and National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) forces, being finally withdrawn back to Portugal in January 1975.

In 1976, a second purchase of 14 G.91 R/3s and 7 G.91 T/3 trainers was made from Germany, which were followed by further aircraft when the G.91 was withdrawn from Luftwaffe service in from 1980 to 1982, giving a total of 70 R/3s and 26 T/3s, although not all of these entered service, with many being broken up for spare parts. Portugal finally phased out the last of its G.91s in 1993.

Others
On 6 September 1961, the first G.91 R/4 was delivered to the Hellenic Air Force (HAF) for evaluation purposes. The G.91 R/4 variant, of which 25 aircraft were intended to be delivered to both Greece and Turkey, employed the same armament as the G.91 R/1 while using the equipment of the R/3 variant. However, both Greece and Turkey would ultimately not induct any G.91s, these aircraft were instead passed onto Germany's inventory instead.

Variants

Data from: Warpaint No.49:Fiat G.91

Trainer and reconnaissance variants were produced right from the start of G.91 production, but the basic design of the aircraft remained virtually unchanged throughout almost the entire production run of the aircraft. The one major difference is that the R series aircraft were single-seaters, while the T series aircraft had two seats. To accommodate the extra seat, the T series aircraft had a slightly longer fuselage.
G.91 Prototypes and pre-production aircraft.
G.91A A single prototype, built to test wing slats and fuel tanks in the wings.
G.91BS/1 (BS – Battle Surveillance) Derived from the G.91T with improved avionics and photographic equipment, not built.
G.91BS/2 Two-seat version of the BS/1, not built.
G.91E Proposed version of the G.91Y for the AMI, not built.
G.91N A single aircraft modified from a pre-production aircraft with extra navigation equipment such as Decca Navigator and Rho-Theta.
G.91R/1 Light attack/reconnaissance aircraft, fitted with modified nose housing three cameras.
G.91R/1A Revised instrumentation.
G.91R/1B Strengthened airframe.
G.91R/3 Single-seat ground-attack, reconnaissance version for the Luftwaffe. Armed with two  DEFA cannons.
G.91R/3SATS A single R/3 modified with JATO rockets and arrestor hook for the Luftwaffe:
G.91R/4 Similar to the G.91R/3, but armed with four  Colt-Browning machine guns.
G.91R/5 A projected long-range version for Norway.
G.91R/6 A projected version with improved undercarriage, revised avionics, increased tankage and weapon load, for Italy.
G.91RS or G.91S Projected variant with revised wing and  B.Or.12 Orpheus or Fiat 4032 engine, not built.
G.91T/1 Trainer version of G.91R/1 for Italian Air Force.
G.91T/3 Trainer version for Luftwaffe.
G.91T/3 Logair A single conversion of a Luftwaffe T/3 with a data acquisition probe.
G.91T/4 Proposed trainer version, fitted with cockpit instrumentation similar to the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, not built.
G.91TS Projected supersonic version of the G.91T, not built.
G.91PAN  Aerobatic display aircraft for Frecce Tricolori, converted from pre-production G.91s.
G.91 target tug A target tug variant was developed with an under-wing pylon mounted winch and target drogue. The drogue being attached to an extension of the winch around the trailing edge, above the wing. Other modifications included a large blade aerial above the centre fuselage and an anti-collision light at the forward end of the dorsal fin.
G.91YAn additional 67 aircraft built by Aeritalia were significantly different from earlier versions. These single-seat aircraft, based on the longer trainer version, designated G.91Y and nicknamed "Yankee", replaced the original single Bristol Siddeley Orpheus engine with two General Electric J85 units in a "completely re-engineered structure" giving 60% more power and doubling the tankage for increased range with 75% more payload. The G.91Y first flew on 12 December 1966 and displayed an improvement in speed, range, payload, and manoeuvrability. The maximum speed was increased to 1,110 km/h (690 mph, 600 kn, Mach 0.91). The machine guns were replaced by a pair of DEFA 552 30 mm cannon with 125 rounds per gun. All the aircraft built served with the Italian Air Force.
G.91YTA projected two-seat version of the G.91Y, not built.
G.91YSProposed version of the G.91Y for Switzerland, one built.

Operators

 German Air Force (Luftwaffe)
Aufklärungsgeschwader 53
Aufklärungsgeschwader 54
Erprobungstelle 61
Leichtes Kampfgeschwader 41
Leichtes Kampfgeschwader 42 (Taktisches Luftwaffengeschwader 73)
Leichtes Kampfgeschwader 43
Leichtes Kampfgeschwader 44
Waffenschule 50

 Hellenic Air Force Evaluation operator, four aircraft in service, but retired.

 Italian Air Force operated 31 Fiat G.91, 97 Fiat G.91R and 103 Fiat G.91T/1 retired in 1995
Frecce Tricolori

 Portuguese Air Force (1966–1993)

 United States Army – Evaluated two aircraft (1 G.91R/1, 1 G.91R/3) in 1961.
 United States Air Force – Also an evaluation operator with two aircraft.

Specifications (G.91R)

Aircraft on Display
 Aeroporto di Arezzo - G.91T/1 2-seat trainer (outdoor) - 32° Stormo (Wing) colours
 Luftwaffenmuseum der Bundeswehr, Gatow
 Museum of Flight, Seattle, Washington - Frecce Tricolori colours
 Istituto Tecnico Industriale Aeronautico, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
 Sintra Air Base, Portugal
 Malta Aviation Museum, Ta'Qali, Malta

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography
, 20 May 1961
 Angelucci, Enzo and Paolo Matricardi. Combat Aircraft 1945–1960. Maidenhead, Berkshire, UK: Sampson Low Guides, 1980. .
 Apostolo, Giorgio. The Fiat G.91. Leatherhead, Surrey, UK: Profile Publications Ltd., 1966.
 Crosby, Francis. "Fiat/Aeritalia G91." Fighter Aircraft. London: Lorenz Books, 2002. .
 Doll, Peter and Herman Dorner. The New Luftwaffe in Action (In Action No.1013). Carrollton, Texas: Squadron/Signal Publications, 1974.
 Ferrari, Massimo. "Addio G.91R" (in Italian). RID magazine, August 1992.
 Green, William. The World's Fighting Planes. London: Macdonald, 1964.

 Jackson, Paul A. German Military Aviation 1956–1976. Hinckley, Leicestershire, UK: Midland Counties Publications, 1976. .
 Lambert, C. M. "Fiat Aviazione." Flight International, 25 January 1957. pp. 111–114.
 Lopes, Mario Canongia. "Portugal's Ginas". Air Enthusiast, No. 36, May–August 1988, pp. 61–72. .
 Niccoli, Riccardo. "Fiat G.91, NATO's Lightweight Fighter." International Air Power Review. Volume 7, Winter 2002.
 Niccoli, Riccardo. "Gina's Story: The Aeritalia-Fiat G.91 Family, Part One". Air Enthusiast, No. 65, September–October 1996, pp. 48–57. .
 Taylor, John W. R. "Fiat G.91". Combat Aircraft of the World from 1909 to the Present. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1969. .

External links

 G.91 Specs & Photo at Flugzeuginfo.net
 Photos of G.91R-3 at Wolfgang Bredow page
 AirToAirCombat.Com: Aeritalia G.91

G.091
1950s Italian fighter aircraft
1950s Italian attack aircraft
Single-engined jet aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1956

Fiat G.91


Augustine Sackett (d. 1862 - ö. 1914), kartonlu alçı levhaların mucidi, Amerikalı mühendis.

Hayatı

Augustine Sackett, 1862 yılında doğmuştur. Sackett ve arkadaşı Fred L. Kane, 1880 yılında duvar kaplama levhaları üretmeyi ve bunları üretecek bir bir makine yapmayı düşünmüşlerdir. İlk denemeleri olan saman kağıdı ve kömür katranı kullanarak yaptıkları levha, kolay tutuşabilirliği ve yanıcılığı nedeni ile başarısız olmuştur.

1888 yılında, kâğıt tabakaları arasına alçı döküp dondurmak sureti ile yapmayı başardıkları "Sackett Board" adını verdikleri ürünün 1894 yılında patentini almışlar ve üretimine başlamışlardır.

0,6-0,7 mm kalınlıkta olan ilk ürün yaklaşık 230 cm² alana sahipti ve açık kenarlıydı. Türkiye'de Alçıpan olarak anılan ve günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılan malzemenin atası olan bu ürün kısa sürede yaygın olarak kullanılmaya başlanmış ve o zamanki klasik duvar kaplamalarının yerini almıştır.

Ölümü
Sacket 1914 yılında ölmüştür.

Ayrıca bakınız
 Alçıpan

Kaynakça
 Gypsum Association
 wconline

1862 doğumlular
Connecticut doğumlular
1914 yılında ölenler
19. yüzyıl iş insanları
20. yüzyıl iş insanları
Amerikalı mucitler
19. yüzyıl Amerikalı mühendisleri
20. yüzyıl Amerikalı mühendisleri
19. yüzyıl Amerikalı iş insanları
20. yüzyıl Amerikalı iş insanları
Rensselaer Politeknik Enstitüsünde öğrenim görenler

Augustine Sackett


O Dia de Telanganá comumente conhecido como Dia da Formação de Telanganá é um feriado estadual no estado indiano de Telanganá, comemorando a formação do estado. É realizado anualmente em 2 de junho desde 2014.  O Dia de Telanganá é comumente associado a desfiles e discursos e cerimônias políticas, além de vários outros eventos públicos e privados que celebram a história e as tradições de Telanganá. O estado comemora a ocasião com eventos formais nos distritos.   O evento formal de hasteamento da bandeira nacional pelo ministro-chefe de Telangana e o desfile cerimonial são realizados no local do desfile. As comemorações acontecem em todos os 33 distritos do estado.

História
O estado de Telangana foi oficialmente formado em 2 de junho de 2014. Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao foi eleito o primeiro ministro-chefe de Telangana, após eleições nas quais o partido Bharat Rashtra Samithi garantiu a maioria.

Em 1º de julho de 2013, o Comitê de Trabalho do Congresso aprovou por unanimidade uma resolução para recomendar a formação de um estado Telanganá separado. Após várias etapas, o projeto de lei foi colocado no Parlamento da Índia em fevereiro de 2014.  Em fevereiro de 2014, a Lei de Reorganização de Andhra Pradesh, projeto de lei de 2014 foi aprovada pelo Parlamento da Índia para a formação do estado de Telanganá, compreendendo dez distritos do noroeste de Andra Pradexe.  O projeto de lei recebeu parecer favorável do Presidente e foi publicado no Diário Oficial de 1º de março de 2014.

Significado
O dia marca um significado na história do estado para o movimento Telanganá sustentado ao longo dos anos.

Eventos culturais
O estado patrocina eventos e celebrações que duram quatro dias. Os Prêmios do Estado de Telanganá por contribuições exemplares em diferentes campos são apresentados em diferentes eventos. O Festival gastronômico Telangana em hotéis, eventos culturais são realizados no auditório Ravindra Bharathi. O festival de Batukamma ou festival de flores / florais é celebrado em outubro ou setembro.

Festas de junho
Telangana

Dia de Telanganá


Pont Neuf () is a station on Line 7 of the Paris Métro. Located in the heart of old Paris, it is connected to the Île de la Cité by the nearby Pont Neuf after which it is named. It opened in 1926 with the line's extension from Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre to Pont Marie.

Location
The station is located under the start of the Quai du Louvre, on the right bank of the Seine, at the level of the Pont Neuf.  Oriented roughly along an east/west axis, it is located between the Palais-Royal - Musée du Louvre and Châtelet metro stations.

History
The station was opened on 16 April 1926 with the commissioning of the extension of line 7 from Palais-Royal (now Palais-Royal - Musée du Louvre) to Pont Marie.
It owes its name to the Pont Neuf, to the north of which it is established and which, despite its name, is the oldest existing bridge in Paris. Built at the end of the sixteenth century and completed in the early seventeenth century, it was then a revolutionary bridge, hence its name, being the first without houses and equipped with sidewalks protecting pedestrians from mud and the passage of horses.

The station bears as a subtitle La Monnaie, because of its immediate proximity to the Rue de la Monnaie, where the Hôtel de la Monnaie was located before its reconstruction in 1776 on the left bank of the Seine at 11 Quai de Conti. The current building, which gave its name to the Monnaie district (6th arrondissement), houses the Monnaie de Paris as well as the Musée de la Monnaie (renamed The Musée du 11 Conti since its reopening in 2017).

The station is with Ledru-Rollin on line 8 and Voltaire on line 9 one of the three stopping points chosen as prototypes of the decorative style Andreu-Motte, which was tested there in 1974. It is the model of those of orange colour.
As part of RATP's Renouveau du métro renovation programme, its corridors were renovated on 18 August 2004.

Since 2005 and the closure of the La Samaritaine department store for long renovation and reconstruction works, the number of visitors to the metro station has decreased from 1.68 million admissions, before the closure (from September 2004 to June 2005), to 1.32 million admissions, after it (from September 2005 to June 2006).

In 2020, with the Covid-19 crisis, 605,030 passengers entered this station, which places it in the 283rd position out of 304 metro stations for its attendance.

Passenger services

Access
The station has three accesses, each consisting of a fixed staircase with a Dervaux-type balustrade:
 access 1 - Rue de la Monnaie, decorated with a Dervaux candelabrum, leading to the Quai du Louvre at the corner with Rue de la Monnaie, opposite the department store La Samaritaine;
 access 2 - Quai du Louvre located opposite the previous one on the said quay, on the Seine side at the corner with the Pont Neuf;
 access 3 - Pont Neuf, also decorated with a Dervaux mast, located at the same angle in the immediate vicinity of access 2.

Station layout

Platforms
Pont-Neuf is a station with a standard configuration. It has two platforms separated by the metro tracks and the vault is elliptical. The decoration is in the Andreu-Motte style with two orange light strips. The benches and tunnel exits are covered in flat orange tiles as well as Motte seats in the same colour. The bevelled white ceramic tiles cover the side walls, the vault and the outlets of the corridors, at the eastern end. The advertising frames are in earthenware in a honey colour and the name of the station is also in earthenware in the style of the original CMP.
This decoration is complemented by a cultural arrangement on the theme of the Monnaie de Paris. In the centre of the platforms are presented reproductions of different coins of large dimensions. These representations begin on one side of the platform and reach the other via the vault. The platforms also include an old monetary pendulum as well as two showcases displaying real coins.

Bus connections
The station is served by lines 21, 27, 58, 67, 69, 70, 72, 74 and 85 of the RATP Bus Network and, at night, by lines N11, N15, N16 and N24 of the Noctilien network.

Nearby
 the Pont Neuf, the oldest bridge in Paris, opened in 1607, although much renovated over the years
 La Samaritaine department store
 the Conciergerie, a former prison where much of the Reign of Terror was carried out during the French Revolution
 Bibliothèque Mazarine

References

 Roland, Gérard (2003). Stations de métro. D'Abbesses à Wagram. Éditions Bonneton.

Paris Métro stations in the 1st arrondissement of Paris
Railway stations in France opened in 1926

Pont Neuf station


Aspirine est une nouvelle d'Amélie Nothomb publiée dans un recueil composé de 29 récits qui narrent des histoires autour de l'aspirine, sorti en 2001.

Comme la plupart de ses œuvres et nouvelles, cette histoire est purement autobiographique et regroupe encore un thème déjà exploré qu'est la religion.

Résumé
La narratrice raconte un souvenir de son enfance : lorsqu'elle ou quelqu'un de sa famille tombait malade, sa mère refusait qu'elle prenne un aspirine par foi religieuse. Ainsi, seule l'homéopathie ou bien le temps permettaient de résoudre les maux de tête.

A l'âge adulte (17 ans), la narratrice raconte avoir attrapé une forte fièvre chez une amie, qui la force à avaler une aspirine dans un verre d'eau. Après quoi elle se sent mieux et décide dorénavant de prendre une aspirine dès qu'une migraine se fait sentir.

Liens externes
 http://nothomb.amelie.online.fr/fr/membres.lycos.fr/fenrir/nothomb/aspirine.htm (site internet pour lire la nouvelle en ligne).
 http://blogicarian.blogspot.com/2017/02/aspirin-by-amelie-nothomb.html (site internet pour lire la nouvelle en ligne en français et en anglais).

Références

Œuvre d'Amélie Nothomb
Nouvelle belge
Nouvelle de langue française
Nouvelle parue en 2001

Aspirine (nouvelle d'Amélie Nothomb)


Stony Lake (engl. für "steiniger See") ist der Name folgender Seen in Kanada:

 Stony Lake (Kawartha Lakes), im Peterborough County, Ontario
 Stony Lake (North Seal River), in Manitoba
 Stony Lake (Redwillow River), in British Columbia

Stony Lake


A Copa Paulista de 2023 foi a vigésima quarta edição desta competição organizada pela Federação Paulista de Futebol. A competição contou com a participação de 18 equipes e foi disputada do dia 30 de junho e terminou no dia 14 de outubro.

Regulamento
Na primeira fase, as 18 equipes foram divididas em 3 grupos regionalizados com 6 equipes cada. Estas equipes jogarão entre si em seus respectivos grupos em jogos de turno e returno, classificando-se para a fase seguinte os 2 melhores colocados de cada grupo e os 2 melhores terceiros colocados, independente do grupo que pertença para a fase seguinte.

Nas quartas de final, as 8 equipes classificadas da fase anterior serão separadas em 4 chaves com 2 equipes cada, e jogarão entre si em jogos de turno e returno, classificando-se os 4 melhores pontuados de cada chave para as Semifinais.

Nas semifinais, as 4 equipes classificadas da fase anterior serão separadas em 2 chaves com 2 equipes cada, e jogarão entre si em jogos de turno e returno, classificando-se os 2 melhores pontuados de cada chave para a Final.

Na final, as 2 equipes classificadas da fase anterior jogarão entre si em jogos de turno e returno. O clube que fazer a melhor pontuação nessa fase será considerado o campeão da competição e terá o direito de escolher uma vaga para a Copa do Brasil de 2024 ou para a Série D de 2024. O clube vice-campeão terá o direito de ficar com a vaga para a competição não escolhida pelo clube campeão.

Critérios de desempate
Ocorrendo a igualdade no número de pontos ganhos entre duas equipes ou mais na primeira fase, serão aplicados sucessivamente os seguintes critérios técnicos de desempate:

 Maior número de vitórias;
 Maior saldo de gols;
 Maior número de gols pró;
 Menor número de cartões vermelhos recebidos;
 Menor número de cartões amarelos recebidos;
 Sorteio público na sede da FPF.

 Ocorrendo a igualdade nas fases finais, os critérios serão adotados até a alínea "2" somente na fase em questão, e na persistência da igualdade, o desempate será decidido por disputa de pênaltis.

Equipes participantes
As seguintes 18 equipes disputarão a competição:

Primeira fase
Os grupos da primeira fase e os confrontos foram divulgados no dia 2 de maio pela Federação.

Grupo 1

Fonte:

Confrontos
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%"
|-style="background:#F0F0F0;"
!align="left"| Mandante | Visitante!!COM!!GPR!!MAR!!MIR!!NOR!!SBE|-
|align="center" bgcolor=black|Comercial-SP
! —
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|1–2
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|0–1
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|0–3
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|1–3
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|1–0
|-
|align="center" bgcolor=#000080|Grêmio Prudente
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|2–0
! —
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|1–2
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|1–0
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|1–1
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|3–0
|-
|align="center" bgcolor=#00AAEF|Marília
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|2–2
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|0–0
! —
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|0–2
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|2–5
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|0–0
|-
|align="center" bgcolor=gold|Mirassol
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|0–0
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|1–0
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|2–3
! —
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|1–1
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|2–0
|-
|align="center" bgcolor=red|Noroeste
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|2–0
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|1–0
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|0–1
| bgcolor="#E8EDFF"|2–0
! —
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|0–0
|-
| align="center" bgcolor="#000066" |São Bento
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|0–0
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|2–2
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|1–1
| bgcolor="#FFFFDD"|1–1
| bgcolor="#FFE8E8"|0–2
! —
|}

 Empate

 Grupo 2

Fonte:

 Confrontos

 Empate

 Índice técnico

 Fase final
Em itálico, o clube que jogará o jogo da volta na condição de mandante por possuir a melhor campanha. Em negrito, os classificados.

 Premiação

 Estatísticas

 Artilharia

 Poker-tricks

 Público
 Maiores públicos
Estes são os dez maiores PÚBLICOS PAGANTES do campeonato, sem considerar as partidas com portões fechados:

 Menores públicos
Estes são os dez menores PÚBLICOS PAGANTES''' do campeonato, sem considerar as partidas com portões fechados:

Ver também
 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol de 2023
 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol de 2023 - Série A2
 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol de 2023 - Série A3
 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol de 2023 - Segunda Divisão

Ligações externas
 Site da Federação Paulista de Futebol

Copa Paulista de Futebol
Futebol de 2023 em São Paulo

Copa Paulista de Futebol de 2023


Grandes Éxitos/Versiones Remix es un álbum de grandes éxitos de la cantante mexicana Paulina Rubio, lanzado exclusivamente en Sudamérica por EMI Colombia durante abril de 1996. La lista de canciones constituye los sencillos principales de los primeros tres álbumes de estudio de la cantante: La Chica Dorada (1992), 24 Kilates (1993) y El Tiempo Es Oro (1995), y se incorporó la canción de la telenovela Pobre Niña Rica y cuatro versiones remixes de algunas canciones.

Lista de las canciones

Referencias

Álbumes recopilatorios de 1996
Álbumes recopilatorios de Paulina Rubio
Álbumes de EMI Latin
Álbumes en español

Grandes Éxitos/Versiones Remix