Angie Dickinson (born Angeline Brown;  September 30, 1931) is an American retired actress. She began her career on television, appearing in many anthology series during the 1950s, before gaining her breakthrough role in Gun the Man Down (1956) with James Arness and the Western film Rio Bravo (1959) with John Wayne and Dean Martin, for which she received the Golden Globe Award for New Star of the Year.

Dickinson has appeared in more than 50 films, including China Gate (1957), Cry Terror! (1958), Ocean's 11 (1960), The Sins of Rachel Cade (1961), Jessica (1962), Captain Newman, M.D. (1963), The Killers (1964), The Art of Love (1965), The Chase (1966), Point Blank (1967), Pretty Maids All in a Row (1971), The Outside Man (1972), and Big Bad Mama (1974).

From 1974 to 1978, Dickinson starred as Sergeant "Pepper" Anderson in the NBC crime series Police Woman, for which she received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama and three Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series nominations. She starred in Brian De Palma's erotic crime thriller Dressed to Kill (1980), for which she received a Saturn Award for Best Actress.

During her later career, Dickinson starred in several television movies and miniseries including Hollywood Wives (1985) and Wild Palms (1993), also playing supporting roles in films such as Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (1994), Sabrina (1995), Pay It Forward (2000), and Big Bad Love (2001). Her last performance to date was in the Hallmark Channel film Mending Fences (2009).

Early life
Dickinson, the middle of three daughters, was born Angeline Brown (called "Angie" by family and friends) on 30 September 1931, in Kulm, North Dakota, the daughter of Fredericka (née Hehr) and Leo Henry Brown.
Her parents were both of German descent, with the family surname originally being "Braun". She was raised Roman Catholic. Her father was a small-town newspaper publisher and editor, working on the Kulm Messenger and the Edgeley Mail. She fell in love with movies at an early age, as her father was also the projectionist at the town's only movie theater until it burned down.

In 1942, when she was 10 years old, the Brown family moved to Burbank, California, where Angie attended Bellarmine-Jefferson High School, graduating in 1947 at age 15. The previous year, she had won the Sixth Annual Bill of Rights essay contest. She then studied at Immaculate Heart College, Los Angeles, and at Glendale Community College, becoming a business graduate by 1954. Taking a cue from her publisher father, she had intended to be a writer.

While a student during 1950–1952, she worked as a secretary at Lockheed Air Terminal in Burbank (now Bob Hope Airport) and in a parts factory. She became Angie Dickinson in 1952, when she married football player Gene Dickinson.

Career

Early television career
Dickinson came in second at a local preliminary for the Miss America contest, and that got the attention of a casting agent, who landed her a spot as one of six showgirls on The Jimmy Durante Show. The exposure brought her to the attention of a television-industry producer, who asked her to consider a career in acting. She studied the craft and a few years later was approached by NBC to guest-star on a number of variety shows, including The Colgate Comedy Hour. She soon met Frank Sinatra, who became a lifelong friend.

On New Year's Eve 1954, Dickinson made her television acting debut in an episode of Death Valley Days. This led to roles in such productions as Matinee Theatre (eight episodes), Buffalo Bill, Jr., City Detective, It's a Great Life (two episodes), Gray Ghost, General Electric Theater, Broken Arrow, The People's Choice (twice), Meet McGraw (twice), Northwest Passage, Gunsmoke, The Virginian, Tombstone Territory, Cheyenne, and The Restless Gun.

In 1956, Dickinson appeared in an episode of The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp. The next year, she took another small role in Richard Boone's series Have Gun – Will Travel in the episode "A Matter of Ethics".

In 1958, she was cast as Laura Meadows in the episode "The Deserters" of an ABC/Warner Bros. Western series, Colt .45, with Wayde Preston. That year, she also played the role of defendant Mrs. Fargo in the Perry Mason episode "The Case of the One-Eyed Witness".

Dickinson went on to create memorable characters in Mike Hammer, Wagon Train, and Men into Space. In 1965, she had a recurring role as Carol Tredman on NBC's Dr. Kildare. She had a role as the duplicitous murder conspirator in a 1964 episode of The Fugitive series with David Janssen and fellow guest star Robert Duvall. She played an unfaithful wife and bank robber in the 1958 "Wild Blue Yonder" episode of Rod Cameron's syndicated television series State Trooper. She starred in two Alfred Hitchcock Hour episodes, "Captive Audience" with James Mason on October 18, 1962, and "Thanatos Palace Hotel" with Steven Hill on January 31, 1965.

First film roles
Dickinson's motion-picture career began with a small, uncredited role in Lucky Me (1954) starring Doris Day, followed by The Return of Jack Slade (1955), Man with the Gun (1955) and Hidden Guns (1956). She had her first starring role in Gun the Man Down (1956) with James Arness, followed by the Sam Fuller cult film China Gate (1957), which depicted an early view of the Vietnam War.

Rejecting the Marilyn Monroe/Jayne Mansfield style of platinum blonde sex symbolism, because she felt it would narrow her acting options, Dickinson initially allowed studios to lighten her naturally brunette hair to only honey-blonde. She appeared early in her career mainly in B-movies or Westerns, including Shoot-Out at Medicine Bend (1957), in which she co-starred with Randolph Scott and James Garner. In the crime drama Cry Terror! (1958), Dickinson had a supporting role opposite James Mason and Rod Steiger as a femme fatale.

Hollywood Leading lady

Dickinson's big-screen breakthrough role came in Howard Hawks' Rio Bravo (1959), in which she played a flirtatious gambler called "Feathers", who becomes attracted to the town sheriff played by Dickinson's childhood idol John Wayne. The film co-starred Dean Martin, Ricky Nelson, and Walter Brennan.

When Hawks sold his personal contract with her to a major studio without her knowledge, she was unhappy. Dickinson nonetheless became one of the more prominent leading ladies of the next decade, beginning with film The Bramble Bush with Richard Burton. She also took a supporting role in Ocean's 11 (1960) with friends Sinatra and Martin.

These were followed by a political potboiler, A Fever in the Blood (1961); a Belgian Congo-based melodrama, The Sins of Rachel Cade (1961), in which she played a missionary nurse tempted by lust; a scheming woman in Rome Adventure (1962), filmed in Italy; and the title role in Jean Negulesco's Jessica (1962) with Maurice Chevalier, in which she played a young midwife resented by the married women of the town, set in Sicily. Angie also shared the screen with friend Gregory Peck as a military nurse in the dark comedy Captain Newman, M.D. (1963).

For The Killers (1964), originally intended to be the first made-for-television movie, but released to theaters due to its violent content and entertainment value, Dickinson played a femme fatale opposite future U.S. President Ronald Reagan in his last movie role. Directed by Don Siegel, it was a remake of the 1946 version based on a story by Ernest Hemingway and the only film Reagan made in which he was cast as a villain. He viciously slaps Dickinson in one of the film's scenes.

Dickinson co-starred in the comedy The Art of Love (1965), playing the love interest of both James Garner and Dick Van Dyke. She joined a star-studded Arthur Penn/Sam Spiegel production, The Chase (1966), along with Marlon Brando, Jane Fonda, Robert Redford, and Robert Duvall. That same year, she was featured in Cast a Giant Shadow, a war story with Kirk Douglas.

Dickinson's best movie of this era is reputed to be John Boorman's cult classic Point Blank (1967), a crime drama with Lee Marvin as a criminal betrayed by his wife and best friend and out for revenge. The film epitomized the stark urban mood of the period, and its reputation has grown through the years.

Westerns continued to be a part of her work in the late 1960s, when she starred in The Last Challenge opposite Glenn Ford, in Young Billy Young with Robert Mitchum, and Sam Whiskey with Burt Reynolds.

In 1971, she played a lascivious substitute high-school teacher in the dark comedy Pretty Maids All in a Row which also starred Rock Hudson and Telly Savalas, for director Roger Vadim and writer-producer Gene Roddenberry. In the film, her character seduces a sexually inexperienced student, portrayed by John David Carson, against the backdrop of a series of murders of female students at the same high school. Pretty Maids All In A Row drew hostile critical reviews, and was a box-office failure.

Also in 1971, she portrayed the ambitious wife of Robert Culp in the television movie See the Man Run, and starred alongside Leslie Nielsen in The Resurrection of Zachary Wheeler. In The Outside Man (1972), a French movie shot in Los Angeles, with Jean-Louis Trintignant, directed by Jacques Deray, she plays the beautiful but corrupt wife of a mobster. In 1973, she co-starred with Roy Thinnes in the supernatural thriller The Norliss Tapes, a television movie produced and directed by Dan Curtis that in later years attained a modest cult following.

One of Dickinson's best-known and most sexually provocative movie roles followed, that of the tawdry widow Wilma McClatchie from the Great Depression romp Big Bad Mama (1974) with William Shatner and Tom Skerritt. In her 40s at the time, she appeared nude in several scenes, which created interest in the movie and a new generation of male fans for Dickinson.

A 1966 Esquire cover gained Dickinson additional fame and notoriety, her having posed in nothing but a sweater and a pair of panty hose. The photo became so iconic, that while celebrating the magazine's 70th anniversary in 2003, the Dickinson pose was recreated for the cover by Britney Spears.

Police Woman

Dickinson returned to the small screen in March 1974 for an episode of the critically acclaimed hit anthology series Police Story. The guest appearance proved to be so popular, NBC offered Dickinson her own television show, which became a ground-breaking weekly series called Police Woman; it was the first successful dramatic TV series to feature a woman in the title role. At first, Dickinson was reluctant, but when producers told her she could become a household name, she accepted the role.   It co-starred Earl Holliman as Sergeant Bill Crowley, Anderson's commanding officer, along with Charles Dierkop as investigator Pete Royster and Ed Bernard as investigator Joe Styles. In the series, Dickinson played Sergeant "Pepper" Anderson, an officer of the Los Angeles Police Department's Criminal Conspiracy Unit, who often works undercover. The series became a hit, reaching number one in many countries in which it aired during its first year. It ran for four seasons and Dickinson won a Golden Globe Award, and received Emmy Award nominations for Best Lead Actress in a Dramatic Series three consecutive years. However, in a 2019 interview, Dickinson said that she regretted having done the series, since the remuneration was inadequate and it left her with little time for other projects.

Dickinson acknowledged her sex symbol role, stating "Are my legs exploited? Well, that's all I have got to sell". While observing that "essentially a woman's job is being a woman", she disliked repeatedly doing Police Woman scenes "where the phone rings while I'm taking a bath". In 1978, the same year the show ended, Dickinson reprised her Pepper Anderson character on the television special Ringo, co-starring with Ringo Starr and John Ritter. She also parodied the role in the 1975 and 1979 Bob Hope Christmas specials for NBC. She did the same years later on the 1987 Christmas episode of NBC's Saturday Night Live.

According to Dickinson, Police Woman caused a surge of applications for employment from women to police departments around the United States.

Dickinson and Police Woman influenced later female-starring, hour-long TV series such as Charlie's Angels, Wonder Woman, The Bionic Woman, and Cagney & Lacey. In 1987, the Los Angeles Police Department awarded Dickinson an honorary doctorate, which led her to quip, "Now you can call me Doctor Pepper."

On occasion during the 1970s, Dickinson took part in the popular Dean Martin Celebrity Roast on television, and she was the guest of honor on August 2, 1977, roasted by a dais of celebrities that included James Stewart, Orson Welles, and her Police Woman series co-star Earl Holliman.

The 1980s
Having done a television series plus the miniseries Pearl (1978) about the Pearl Harbor bombing of 1941, Dickinson's career in feature films appeared to be in decline, but she returned to the big screen in Brian De Palma's erotic thriller Dressed to Kill (1980), for which she gained considerable notice, particularly for a long, silent scene in a museum before the character meets her fate. The role of Kate Miller, a sexually frustrated New York housewife, earned her a 1981 Saturn Award for Best Actress. "The performers are excellent," wrote Vincent Canby in his July 25, 1980 The New York Times review, "especially Miss Dickinson."

She took a less substantial role in Death Hunt (1981), which reunited her with Lee Marvin, and also appeared in Charlie Chan and the Curse of the Dragon Queen. Earlier that year, she had been the first choice to play the character Krystle Carrington on the television series Dynasty, but deciding she wanted to spend more time with her daughter, she turned it down; the role instead went to Linda Evans. In the mid-1980s, Dickinson declined the role of Sable Colby on the Dynasty spin-off, The Colbys.

After turning down her own Johnny Carson-produced prospective sitcom, The Angie Dickinson Show, in 1980 after only two episodes had been shot because she did not feel she was funny enough, the private-eye series Cassie & Co. became her unsuccessful attempt at a television comeback. She then starred in several television movies, such as One Shoe Makes It Murder (1982), Jealousy (1984), A Touch of Scandal (1984), and Stillwatch (1987). She had a pivotal role in the highly rated miniseries Hollywood Wives (1985), based on a novel by Jackie Collins.

In 1982, and again in 1986, Dickinson appeared in two of Perry Como's Christmas specials for the ABC television network, in both of which she did something she was not known to have done before: singing. Dickinson later denied having sung on camera since the two Como specials in an interview with Larry King, which he conducted at the approximate time of her appearance in Duets.

In motion pictures, Dickinson reprised her role as Wilma McClatchie for Big Bad Mama II (1987) and completed the television movie Kojak: Fatal Flaw, in which she was reunited with Telly Savalas. She co-starred with Willie Nelson and numerous buddies in the television Western Once Upon a Texas Train (1988).

She was presented one of the Golden Boot Awards in 1989 for her contributions to Western cinema.

1990s and 2000s
In the ABC miniseries Wild Palms (1993), produced by Oliver Stone, she was the sadistic, militant sister of Senator Tony Kruetzer, played by Robert Loggia. That same year, she starred as a ruthless Montana spa owner in Gus Van Sant's Even Cowgirls Get the Blues with Uma Thurman. In November of that year, she walked off the set of a proposed This Is Your Life special for her, refusing to participate in the show.

In 1995, Sydney Pollack cast her as the prospective mother-in-law of Greg Kinnear in the romantic comedy Sabrina starring Harrison Ford, a remake of the Billy Wilder classic. She played Burt Reynolds' wife in the thriller The Maddening and the mother of Rick Aiello and Robert Cicchini in the National Lampoon comedy The Don's Analyst. In 1997, she seduced old flame Artie (Rip Torn) in an episode of HBO's The Larry Sanders Show called "Artie and Angie and Hank and Hercules".

Dickinson acted out the alcoholic, homeless mother of Helen Hunt's character in Pay It Forward (2000), the grandmother of Gwyneth Paltrow's character in the drama Duets (2000), and the mother of Arliss Howard's character in Big Bad Love (2001), co-starring Debra Winger.

Having appeared in the original Ocean's 11 (1960) with good friends Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin, four decades later, she made a brief cameo in the 2001 remake with George Clooney and Brad Pitt.

An avid poker player, during the summer of 2004, she participated in the second season of Bravo's Celebrity Poker Showdown. After announcing her name, host Dave Foley said, "Sometimes, when we say 'celebrity', we actually mean it." Also in 2004, Dickinson appeared in the comedy Elvis Has Left the Building, playing an ex-mechanic and the mother of Kim Basinger's character.

Dickinson is a recipient of the state of North Dakota's Rough Rider Award.

In 1999, Playboy ranked Dickinson number 42 on their list of the "100 Sexiest Stars of the Century". In 2002, TV Guide ranked her number three on a list of the "50 Sexiest Television Stars of All Time", behind Diana Rigg and George Clooney (who tied for number one).

In 2009, Dickinson starred in a Hallmark Channel drama, Mending Fences co-starring Laura Leighton. It is her last acting credit to date.

Personal life

Dickinson was married to Gene Dickinson, a college football player who later moved into the electronics business, from 1952 to 1960, though they separated in 1956. During her first marriage, Dickinson became close friends with John Kenneth Galbraith and Catherine Galbraith. Her extensive visits to them and her touring when Galbraith was U.S. Ambassador to India are amply recounted in his memoirs Ambassador's Journal and A Life in Our Times.

Dickinson kept her married name after her first divorce. She married Burt Bacharach in 1965. They remained a married couple for 16 years, though late in their marriage they had a period of separation during which they dated other people. Bacharach and Dickinson had a daughter named Nikki (born July 12, 1966), who had autism. Nikki died by suicide on January 4, 2007. The elder Bacharach died in 2023.

In 2023, Dickinson stated that she had a 20-year on-and-off affair with Frank Sinatra, and that he was the love of her life and "one of the most charismatic men that ever was" . Dickinson had a relationship with musician Billy Vera in the 1980s and appeared in the music video for his single "I Can Take Care of Myself". For several years in the 1990s, Dickinson dated radio and television interviewer Larry King. In a 2006 interview with NPR, Dickinson stated that she was a Democrat. She campaigned for Kennedy's presidential campaign in 1960 and supported Lyndon B. Johnson in 1964.

Awards and nominations

Emmy Awards
 1975 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – nominated
 1976 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – nominated
 1977 – Best Actress in a drama Series for Police Woman – nominated

Golden Globe Awards
 1960 – New Star Actress of the Year – won
 1975 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – won
 1976 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – nominated
 1977 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – nominated
 1978 – Best Actress in a Drama Series for Police Woman – nominated

Saturn Awards
 1980 – Best Actress for Dressed to Kill – won

Other
 1987 – Received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for her contribution to television

Filmography

Film

Television films

Television series

References

External links

1931 births
Living people
20th-century American actresses
21st-century American actresses
Actresses from California
Actresses from North Dakota
American film actresses
American people of German-Russian descent
American television actresses
American television personalities
American women television personalities
Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (television) winners
New Star of the Year (Actress) Golden Globe winners
Immaculate Heart College alumni
People from LaMoure County, North Dakota
Actresses from Greater Los Angeles
California Democrats
Western (genre) film actresses
Western (genre) television actors
Bellarmine-Jefferson High School alumni

Angie Dickinson


Niculae Urs, menționat în unele surse și Nicolae Urs, (n. 15 octombrie 1950, Șinca Veche, județul Brașov) este un actor român de film, radio, teatru, televiziune și voce.

Biografie

Studii
Niculae Urs a urmat studiile primare și gimnaziale la Școala Generală din satul natal, Șinca Veche, azi Școala Gimnazială "Gheorghe Șincai". După absolvirea Liceului Teoretic din Șercaia, din județul Brașov, Niculae Urs a urmat cursurile de actorie ale Facultății de Teatru de la Institutul de Artă Teatrală și Cinematografică din București, pe care le-a absolvit în anul 1978, la clasa Marin Moraru.

Actor de teatru
A fost actor la:
 Teatrul din Târgu Mureș, între anii 1978 - 1981;
 Teatrul "Toma Caragiu" din Ploiești, între anii 1981 - 1983;
 Teatrul Giulești (din 1990: Teatrul Odeon), din București, între  anii 1983 - 2007.

Actor de film

 Cuibul salamandrelor (1977)
 Mînia (1978)
 Aurel Vlaicu (1978)
 Falansterul (1979)
 Munții în flăcări (1980)
 Capcana mercenarilor (1981)
 Ștefan Luchian (1981)
 Orgolii (1982)
 Ochi de urs (1983)
 Secretul armei... secrete! (1989)
 Mircea (1989)
 Drumeț în calea lupilor (1990)
 Vînătoarea de lilieci (1991)
 Dragoste și apă caldă (1993)
 Craii de Curtea Veche (1996)
 Asfalt Tango (1996)
 Femeia în roșu (1997)
 Restul e tăcere (2008)
 Nunta mută (2008)
 Caravana cinematografică (2009)
 Doar cu buletinul la Paris (2015)

Premii
 Pentru rolul din spectacol Momâia (după piesa Asupra efectelor dăunătoare ale tutunului, de Anton Pavlovici Cehov), Niculae Urs a primit Premiul pentru cel mai bun actor la Festivalul Internațional de Teatru de Studio de la Pitești.

Note

Bibliografie

Legături externe
  Cinemagia: Nicolae Urs

Interviuri
 Nicolae Urs: Se lucrează împotriva culturii și culturalizării acestui popor, interviu de Monica Andronescu, In Yorick.ro, 28 martie 2011, accesat la 24 noiembrie 2015

Nașteri în 1950
Nașteri pe 15 octombrie
Actori de film români
Actori de radio români
Actori de teatru români
Actori de televiziune români
Actori de voce români
Actori români din secolul al XX-lea
Actori români din secolul al XXI-lea
Actori români în viață
Oameni din județul Brașov
Făgărășeni

Niculae Urs


A Copa da Itália de 2021–22, também conhecida oficialmente como Coppa Italia Frecciarossa de 2021–2022 por conta do patrocínio, foi a 75ª edição dessa competição italiana de clubes de futebol organizada pela Lega Série A (em italiano: Lega Serie A). A disputa pela taça teve início em 7 de agosto de 2021 e tem terminou dia 11 de maio de 2022, com a decisão pelo título. O número de clubes participantes da competição foi reduzido de 78 na temporada anterior para 44 times nesta. O torneio contará com a participação de equipes das três principais divisões do futebol italiano: Série A, Série B e Série C. Os jogos da competição ocorrerão no formato de "mata-mata" e o vencedor garante uma vaga na fase de grupos da Liga Europa da UEFA de 2021–22.

Regulamento

Sistema de disputa
Com 44 times participantes: 20 clubes da Série A, 20 da Série B e 4 da Série C: dependendo do campeonato em que joguem na atual temporada (2021–22), essas equipes estreiam no torneio a partir de fases distintas. A disputa se dá no sistema "mata-mata" em todo o torneio, ou seja, times divididos em chaves de dois decidindo uma vaga na fase seguinte, onde o sistema se repete até a final, que decide o campeão. São sete fases: todas decididas em jogos únicos, com exceção da semifinal, que ocorre em partidas de ida e volta. O campeão se classificará para a fase de grupos da Liga Europa da UEFA de 2022–23.

 Fase Eliminatória
 Rodada Preliminar: quatro times da Série C e quatro da Série B se enfrentam;
 Trinta-e-dois-avos de Final: Os quatro vencedores se juntam aos 16 times restantes da Série B e a 12 times da Série A;
 Dezesseis-avos de Final : Os 16 vencedores da etapa anterior se enfrentam entre si.

 Fase Final
 Oitavas de Final: Os oito clubes vencedores da Fase Eliminatória se juntam aos 8 melhores times da Série A;
 Quartas de Final: Os oitos times se enfrentam entre si;
 Semifinais: Os 4 times se enfrentam entre si em partidas de ida e volta;
 Final: Os dois vencedores se enfrentam em partida única pelo título.

Critérios de desempate
Em caso de empate no placar ao final do tempo regulamentar (ou do placar agregado, no caso da semifinal), os critérios de desempate são:

Jogos únicos
 Prorrogação (dois tempos extras de 15 minutos cada)
 Disputa por pênaltis

Semifinal
 Regra do gol fora de casa (gols marcados como visitante)
 Prorrogação (dois tempos extras de 15 minutos cada)
 Disputa por pênaltis

Participantes
44 clubes participam da competição (todos os clubes participantes dos campeonatos da Série A e Série B, 4 clubes da Série C.

Série A
Os 8 melhores times entram nas Oitavas de Final (, Inter Milan, , , , ,  e ), enquanto que o restante estreia nos Trinta-e-dois-avos de Final.

Série B
As quatro piores equipes no ranking estreiam na Rodada Preliminar (Ternana, Perugia, Como e Alessandria), ao passo que o restante dos times começa a jogar nos Trinta-e-dois-avos de Final

Série C
Todos os times estreiam na Rodada Preliminar.

Primeira Fase

Rodada Preliminar
Um total de 8 equipes competiram neste round, sendo 4 delas da Série B e 4 Série C. Os jogos ocorreram em partidas únicas nos dias 7 e 8 de agosto de 2022. Ao final dos jogos, 4 delas avançaram para a próxima fase.

Trinta-e-dois-avos de Final
Um total de 32 equipes competiram nesta rodada, sendo 4 campeãs da anterior, os 16 times restantes da Série B e 12  times do Série A.

Dezesseis-avos de Final
Os 16 times vencedores da rodada anterior se enfrentam entre si, os 8 vencedores avançam para a próxima fase.

Fase final

Tabelão até a final

Oitavas de Final

Quartas de Final

Semifinais

Final

Premiação

Artilheiros

2021–22
Desporto na Itália em 2021
Desporto na Itália em 2022
2021 no futebol
2022 no futebol

Copa da Itália de Futebol de 2021–22


Ryu Saito (født 18. september 1979) er en tidligere japansk fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Cerezo Osaka og Thespa Kusatsu.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Ryu Saito


Das Kabinett Kekkonen II war das 34. Regierungskabinett in der Geschichte Finnlands. Es amtierte vom 17. Januar 1951 bis zum 20. September 1951 (247 Tage).

Nach der Parlamentswahl in Finnland 1948 hatten der Sozialdemokrat Karl-August Fagerholm und Urho Kekkonen vom Landbund zwei kurzlebige Minderheitsregierungen geführt. Ende 1950 zeichnete sich schließlich eine Lösung zwischen den beiden stärksten Parteien im Parlament, der Sozialdemokratischen Partei und dem Landbund, zusammen eine Regierung zu bilden. Am 17. Januar 1951 wurde schließlich die Regierung Kekkonen II vereidigt. Neben Ministern des Landbundes und der Sozialdemokratischen Partei gehörten auch je ein Politiker der Nationalen Fortschrittspartei und der Schwedischen Volkspartei der Regierung an.

Am 2. und 3. Juli 1951 fanden schließlich Neuwahlen statt, eine neue Regierung wurde am 20. September 1951 vereidigt (Kabinett Kekkonen III).

Minister

Weblinks
 Kabinett Kekkonen II Finnische Regierung

Kekkonen 2

Kabinett Kekkonen II


TEAMS (The East African Marine System) ist ein Glasfaser-Seekabel, das von der kenianischen Regierung als Antwort auf das unter südafrikanischer Ägide stehende, konkurrierende EASSy-Kabel vorangetrieben wurde. 15 % der Anteile gehören Etisalat, einem Staatskonzern der Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate, 85 % verschiedenen kenianischen Firmen (davon 20 % der Regierung von Kenia, 20 % Safaricom Ltd, 20 % Telkom Kenya Ltd, 10 % Kenya Data Networks Ltd, 10 % Econet/Essar Telecom Ltd, 5 % Wananchi Group, 3,75 % Jamii Telecom Ltd, 6,25 % Rest).

Infrastruktur
TEAMS verbindet bei 4900 km Länge Kenia mit den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten.  Die Übertragungskapazität beträgt 120 Gb/s, die auf 1,2 Tb/s ausbaubar sind.

Geschichte
Aus 5 mitbietenden Unternehmen erhielt am  11. Oktober 2007 Alcatel-Lucent den Zuschlag für 82 Millionen $ das Kabel zu verlegen.
1,5 Jahre nach Baubeginn in Fudschaira wurde am 12. Juni 2009 Mombasa erreicht und das Kabel feierlich vom kenianischen Präsidenten Mwai Kibaki in Betrieb genommen.

Am 25. Februar 2012 wurde das Kabel vor dem kenianischen Hafen Mombasa durch ein ankerndes Schiff beschädigt.
Der Ausfall war schwerwiegend, da zu dem besagten Zeitpunkt TEAMS selbst als Ersatz für das damals auch beschädigte EASSy diente.
Am 27. April 2012 wurde das TEAMS Kabel versehentlich wieder unterbrochen, nur 35 Tage nachdem die vorherigen Störung behoben wurde.

Siehe auch
 EASSy

Einzelnachweise

Telekommunikations-Seekabel
Internet
TEAMS

TEAMS


Instapundit is a conservative blog maintained by Glenn Reynolds, a law professor at the University of Tennessee.

History and characteristics
InstaPundit was launched in August 2001 as an experiment, and a part of Reynolds' class on Internet law. After the September 11 attacks, the site quickly became a highly popular blog—with Reynolds celebrated as "chief among the warbloggers"—and was dubbed the "Grand Central Station of Bloggerville" in 2002 and reported to be "the most visited [blog] in the world" in early 2004. A 2007 memo from the National Republican Senatorial Committee described Reynolds as one of the five "best-read national conservative bloggers."

Common topics are politics, technology (such as nanotechnology), space exploration, human longevity, digital photography, individual liberty and gun politics, domestic policy, the media, and the blogosphere as a social phenomenon. Instapundit frequently discussed the war on terror from a supportive-but-critical viewpoint. Reynolds has also lent his support to the Porkbusters campaign, which purports to expose misallocation of federal funds.

In June 2009, Reynolds changed his blog header to the color green from its original red, in support of the anti-Ahmadinejad/pro-Mousavi protests made after the Iranian Presidential election. This was originally supposed to be a temporary show of support, but it lasted about three months. On September 7, 2009, Reynolds replaced the green with his customary red, remarking, "I'm back to the original design. 'Going Green' was supposed to be a show of support, not a permanent change, and the summer's over. My support for the Iranian freedom movement is no less, but symbolism takes you only so far."

Influence on other bloggers
Sometimes referred to as "the Blogfather, and credited with an "ethic of driving traffic to new blogs from all over the political spectrum," Reynolds managed to attract a large following of imitators who adopted his blogging style. His ability to "foster a hospitable environment for new bloggers" has been attributed to his involvement in home-recording punk and new-wave music, and his adaptation of the participatory ethos of these musical styles to online publishing.

In April 2002, Reynolds published a list of well over two hundred blogs that claimed to be directly inspired by his own.

Instapundit's popularity led to the common adoption of the suffix "-pundit" in blog titles, for example Kevin Drum (who originally blogged as "CalPundit") and Allahpundit. There are also direct take-offs on the entire name, such as Instapunk, and IsntAPundit. There are many other "-pundit" blogs, of all political stripes inspired to some degree by Instapundit.

Quotations
Another way that Instapundit has been a major influence on other bloggers is a set of ironic titles that it repeats on many different posts. Many of these titles have become part of the conservative lexicon. Some examples:
"You want more Trump? This is how you get more Trump!"
"Why are Democrat-run cities such cesspits of corruption?" (where "cities" and "corruption" is replaced by whatever the story is about).
"They told me that if I voted for (Republican presidential candidate) I would see (terrible result) - and they were right!" (pointing to a story about where a Democratic president or politician did just that).
"Faster, please" (about some life-extending discovery).
"Higher education bubble update" (some indication that the current college system is collapsing).
"Think of them (i.e., the media) as Democratic operatives with bylines and you won't go far wrong."
"I'm so old, I remember when..." (something that something or somebody claimed recently, but now is demonstrating just the opposite).

See also
 Caio Blinder

References

External links

 Instapundit in 'Blogging America: Political Discourse in a Digital Nation By Barbara O'Brien
 Instapundit in Infotopia: How Many Minds Produce Knowledge By Cass R. Sunstein
Instapundit in New York Times, 2008
Instapundit profile from New York Times, 2003
"Bring Your Own Camera: How Sarah Can Fight Back", Glenn Reynolds, The New York Post, September 13, 2008

American political blogs
Milblogs
Internet properties established in 2001

Instapundit


L'École technique de Montréal est une ancienne institution d'enseignement secondaire située à Montréal, au Québec (Canada). Fondée en 1907, elle est à l'origine de l'École du meuble de Montréal et de l'École des arts graphiques de Montréal. En 1946, après la création du Ministère du Bien-être social et de la Jeunesse les écoles techniques accessibles après une neuvième année du primaire; dont plusieurs se sont ajoutées dans différentes villes du Québec, nécessitaient 3 ou 4 ans d'étude pour être diplômés. En 1958, le nom devint l'Institut de technologie de Montréal et fut intégré au Cégep du Vieux Montréal lors de la formation de ce dernier en 1968. Le bâtiment principal est toujours existant et fait partie de l'UQAM depuis 1996.

Histoire
Au début du vingtième siècle, l'École technique de Montréal (aussi écrite : École Technique de Montréal) s'inscrit dans la volonté du gouvernement du Québec de créer des écoles techniques et commerciales pour satisfaire les besoins de l'industrie et du commerce. Ainsi, l'École technique de Québec et l'École des hautes études commerciales sont aussi créées à la même période.

Incorporation de l'École
L'École technique de Montréal est créée en 1907 en vertu d'une loi du Québec, sous le gouvernement libéral provincial du premier ministre Lomer Gouin. L'incorporation date du . L'établissement dispense l'enseignement dans les deux langues officielles. Son nom en anglais est The Montreal Technical School. Des amendements à la loi sont apportés en 1909 pour hausser les sommes octroyées par le gouvernement du Québec à l'École.

Construction des bâtiments
La loi prévoit la construction de nouveaux bâtiments pour abriter l'École technique de Montréal. L'édifice principal est localisé à Montréal à l'origine au 70 de la rue Sherbrooke ouest au coin de la rue Jeanne-Mance. Les ateliers seront localisés à l'arrière. Sa construction débute au printemps 1909. Le , la pierre angulaire est posée en présence du premier ministre du gouvernement fédéral Wilfrid Laurier et du premier ministre du gouvernement provincial Lomer Gouin. Les premiers élèves sont accueillis en .

Mission éducative
Un des objectifs de la création de l'École technique de Montréal est :
Des cours sont donnés le jour ― dits cours normaux ― et aussi le soir ― dits cours spéciaux ―, en français et en anglais selon les besoins.
Les cours de jour sont offerts aux personnes ayant terminé leur éducation primaire. L'objectif est d'en faire des ouvriers instruits pour qu'ils deviennent chefs d'atelier ou contremaîtres. L'admission aux cours de jour se fait par examen. La durée normale des études prévue à l'origine est de trois années. Par la suite, pour les cours techniques, la durée des études est établie à quatre années.

Les cours du soir sont destinés aux ouvriers ou aux apprentis déjà employés dans l'industrie et ayant terminés leur instruction primaire élémentaire. L'objectif est de leur transmettre des notions techniques pour les aider dans l'exercice de leurs professions.

La corporation délivre aux élèves des diplômes selon le type de cours suivi par chacun d'eux Il sera fait mention dans le diplôme que l'élève a subi ses examens pendant les cours d'une manière satisfaisante ou avec distinction ou avec grande distinction ou avec la plus grande distinction.

Le Directeur général de l'Enseignement technique dans la province de Québec Augustin Frigon fait état en 1924 lors d'une allocution des domaines du savoir que l'École technique de Montréal offrent : soudure analogique, ajustage avancé, ajustage préliminaire, menuiserie et modelage, lecture des plans, électricité pratique, mécanique de machines fixes, mécanique théorique, dessin préliminaire, dessin avancé, plomberie, chimie industrielle, mathématique préliminaire, mathématique avancée,  ferblanterie,  évaluation des bâtiments, automobile.

L'École technique se situe au niveau de la formation entre les écoles d'apprentissage formant des ouvriers experts et les écoles d'ingénieurs.

En 1930, le deuxième directeur Alphonse Bélanger précise les objectifs de la formation dans un article La rentrée des classes du jour à l'École Technique de Montréal, paru en 1930 dans la revue Technique :

Augustin Frigon, toujours Directeur général de l'Enseignement technique, fait de l'École technique de Montréal la première école à ajouter une quatrième année au cours qui était de trois ans et ce durant l'année scolaire 1932-1933. Aux cours existants s'ajouteront des cours de français, d'anglais, d'histoire, de géographie et de comptabilité. L'objectif est que les futurs techniciens aient une formation à la fois plus générale et plus variée qui leur permettra de se spécialiser plus facilement dans différentes industries.

Lors d'une allocution prononcée en 1939 soit 28 ans après le début des premiers cours en 1911, le quatrième directeur, Hector Beaupré, indique que le cours technique se divise en trois catégories : matières théoriques, matières de culture générale et la pratique. À cette période des cours d'imprimerie, de reliure, de mécanique et d'électricité automobile sont aussi offerts, et un nouveau cours spécial est annoncé en aviation.

Administration et direction
La Loi constituant en corporation l'École technique de Montréal prévoit un conseil d'administration composé de huit délégués et du principal. Deux délégués proviennent de deux chambres de commerce de Montréal, soit la Montreal Board of Trade et la Chambre de commerce du district de Montréal, deux délégués nommés par le conseil de la cité de Montréal, et quatre délégués nommés par le gouvernement provincial.

Directeur de l'École
Le premier principal est l'ingénieur Alexandre Macheras. Ce dernier reste en fonction jusqu'en 1920. Alphonse Bélanger, professeur de la première heure de l'École et assistant principal en 1919, lui succède. Alphonse Bélanger occupe la fonction de Directeur de l'École technique de Montréal jusqu'à sa retraite en 1937, et lui succède l'ingénieur Armand Circé. Ce dernier ne restera à ce poste qu'une année ayant été nommé en 1938 directeur de l'École Polytechnique de Montréal. Ainsi en août 1938, Hector F. Beaupré le remplaça à la direction de l'École technique de Montréal. L'ingénieur Louis Larin prendra la relève de façon intérimaire en 1948 durant un congé de maladie d'Hector Beaupré et devint par la suite directeur. Lucien Normandeau occupa brièvement le poste de directeur. Et en 1951, pour la première fois, le directeur de l'École sera un technicien gradué en 1920, Rosario Bélisle. Ce dernier sera toujours en poste lors du changement de nom de l'École en 1958 pour devenir l'Institut de technologie de Montréal.

 Note : De l'incorporation en 1907 au changement de nom en 1958 en Institut de technologie de Montréal.

Directeur des études
En 1934, vu le nombre croissant d'élèves et pour mieux assister le directeur de l'École, un nouveau poste fut créé soit celui de Directeur des études. Louis Larin fut le premier à occuper cette nouvelle fonction, et ce dernier deviendra éventuellement un des directeurs de l'École.

Évolution du nombre d'élèves
Sur la période des vingt premières années, le nombre d'élèves de l'École technique de Montréal est passé d'un peu plus de 400 à près de  [Voir graphique École technique de Montréal - Évolution du nombre d'élèves - Période 1911-1931]. Les cours du soir ont été les plus courus comptant un plus grand nombre d'élèves que ceux des cours spéciaux du jour ou que ceux des cours réguliers du jour.

À la graduation de 1940, il était annoncé que 59 jeunes gens ont terminé leur études au cours technique, 63 au cours des métiers et 15 au cours de typographie. Il était dit que cela était l'une des plus nombreuses promotions depuis la fondation de l'École.

À la rentrée de 1948, un article journalistique fait état que l'École reçoit un plus grand nombre d'élèves que jamais en quatrième année avec quatre classes en français et une classe en anglais. Il est prévu que le nombre d'élèves au cours du soir pourrait atteindre 2 000.

De l'atelier de menuiserie à l'École du meuble de Montréal
Dès la fondation de l'École, un atelier de menuiserie et de charpente forme les futurs ouvriers de l'industrie du meuble et de l'industrie de la construction. Sous la gouverne d'Alphonse Bélanger, un atelier d'ébénisterie est créé en 1930. Un ancien élève de l'École technique, Jean-Marie Gauvreau, est nommé professeur responsable de la section meuble de l'École technique. L'objectif est notamment d'effectuer des recherches sur l'utilisation des bois canadiens pour la fabrication de meubles ordinaires et de luxe.

Cet enseignement spécialisé en ébénisterie mène en 1935 à la formation d'une nouvelle entité, l'École du meuble de Montréal.

Des sections imprimerie et reliure à l'École des arts graphiques de Montréal
Dès 1925, l'École offre une section imprimerie avec Fernand Caillet pour l'enseignement en français et Frank Rhodes pour celui en langue anglaise. Ces deux instructeurs débutèrent les premiers cours avec 15 apprentis dans la section française et 8 dans la section anglaise.

Une section reliure, dont Louis-Philippe Beaudoin est nommé directeur, s'ajoute en 1937.

En 1940, Louis-Philippe Beaudoin, pour célébrer le 500 anniversaire du père de l'imprimerie Johannes Gutenberg, organise une exposition didactique

avec la collaboration des quatre écoles d'art francophone de Montréal :

• École technique : imprimerie, électricité, menuiserie

• École de reliure : organisation, planification, cueillettes des incunables, livres rares, manuscrits, enluminures

• École des Beaux-Arts de Montréal : exécution des panneaux explicatifs illustrant les étapes de la vie et des travaux de Gutenberg

• École du Meuble : vitrines et montres contenant les exbibits

En août 1942, le secrétaire de la province de Québec Hector Perrier annonce la création de l'École des arts graphiques de Montréal, fusion des sections imprimerie et reliure de l'École technique, qui formera des ouvriers spécialisés dans ces domaines.

Archives de l'École technique de Montréal
Des documents d'archives concernant l'École technique de Montréal, aujourd'hui disparue de sa fonction académique, sont détenus par différents organismes dont notamment :

 L'UQAM (Université du Québec à Montréal), héritière du bâtiment principal de la rue Sherbrooke ouest et des ateliers à l'arrière, a un site internet en faisant état. Il est indiqué que Le fonds de l'École technique de Montréal a été acquis le 18 juin 1992 par contrat de donation signé par Madeleine Brunelle.
 Le musée McCord de Montréal présente quelques photos de l'École et de ses activités de la décennie 1910 provenant des archives du fonds du Studio William Notman qu'il détient.
 Bibliothèque et Archives nationales du Québec (BAnQ) par différents documents qu'elle a archivé et numérisé donne accès à des informations sur les activités et évènements liés à l'École :
 Photos du quotidien montréalais La Presse pour la période 1930-1947 sur des conférences, des expositions, des présentations de l'École provenant de son fonds. Plus d'une cinquantaine de photos sont disponibles dont certaines avec les extraits des articles du journal et des identifications.
 La revue industrielle Technique dès sa parution en 1926 offre à la direction de l'École et à ses enseignants la possibilité de s'exprimer sur les enjeux de l'enseignement techniques et de faire valoir leurs compétences. L'impression de la revue a ses débuts était réalisé dans les ateliers de l'École. Des numéros spéciaux ont mis en valeur les réalisations de l'École dont notamment la section du meuble.
 Des quotidiens et hebdomadaires de Montréal et du Québec qui ont traité au fil des années des activités et des évènements de l'École tels les promotions, les rentrées scolaires, les nominations, les expositions, les activités sociales et sportives. Notamment les journaux suivants numérisés : La Presse, Le petit journal, La patrie, L'illustration nouvelle. Leur contenu est accessible en ligne sur le site de la BAnQ.
 Le Réseau canadien de documentation pour la recherche et Canadiana avec un document sur l'historique de l'École a ses premières années d'existence.
 Google Livre qui a numérisé Les statuts refondus de la province de Québec, 1909: promulgués Volume 4. Ce document contient la Loi constituant en corporation l'école technique de Montréal en 1907 et les amendements de 1909.

Bâtiments

Le bâtiment principal, construit de 1909 à 1911, abrite à l'origine les bureaux de la direction, les locaux pour l'enseignement général, un laboratoire de physique et de mécanique, une salle de manipulation chimique, la bibliothèque et autres.

Les ateliers localisés à l'arrière du bâtiment principal sont conçus sur le modèle d'une usine. Une station centrale produit pour l'école de l'énergie motrice, de la lumière et du chauffage. Les bâtiments secondaires comprenant la forge, la fonderie, l'ajustage, la menuiserie et l'électricité sont disposés autour de la station centrale.

Style et architectes
Le bâtiment principal est conçu dans le style beaux-arts par les architectes John Smith Archibald, Maurice Perrault et Louis-Alphonse Venne. D'autres architectes participent à sa restauration durant la décennie 1990.

Évolution de l'affectation du bâtiment principal
Les bâtiments sont affectés de leur fondation jusqu'en 1958 à l'École technique de Montréal, qui change de nom cette année-là pour Institut de technologie de Montréal; l'Institut est intégré au Cégep du Vieux Montréal en 1969. L'Institut de technologie de Montréal est privatisé et quitte les locaux de la rue Sherbrooke.

De 1981 à 1995, le Centre de design de l'UQAM est installé dans les murs de l'ancienne bibliothèque de l'École technique de Montréal. Ce centre a pour but de promouvoir le design graphique, le design industriel et le design urbain.

Les bâtiments sont intégrés depuis 1996 au Complexe des sciences Pierre-Dansereau de l'UQAM. Le bâtiment principal de l'ancienne École technique est alors nommé « Pavillon Sherbrooke ».

Adresse civique
À l'origine en 1911, l'adresse civique de l'École est le 70 rue Sherbrooke ouest. Par la suite cette adresse fut changée pour le 200 rue Sherbrooke ouest, et il est observé ce nouveau numéro civique dans un document de juin 1928.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie

Articles connexes
 École du meuble de Montréal
 Cégep du Vieux Montréal
 École de technologie supérieure
 Bibliothèque technique de Montréal
 Écoles d'arts et métiers (Québec)

Liens externes

 (1947). Manuels Techniques français. Relations industrielles / Industrial Relations, 3(4), 62–62. https://doi.org/10.7202/1023587ar

École disparue au Québec
Enseignement des sciences au Québec
Enseignement supérieur à Montréal
Bâtiment de l'Université du Québec à Montréal
Architecture Beaux-Arts au Canada
Bâtiment de Maurice Perrault
Bâtiment d'Alphonse Venne
Édifice construit en 1911
Histoire de Montréal
Établissement scolaire fondé en 1907
Bâtiment de John Smith Archibald
Centre-ville de Montréal
Établissement d'enseignement supérieur technologique au Canada

École technique de Montréal


Los XIII Juegos de los Pequeños Estados de Europa se celebraron del 1 al 6 de junio de 2009 en Chipre. La ceremonia de apertura se celebró el 1 de junio y la ceremonia de clausura, el 6 de junio. Fueron los segundos juegos celebrados en Chipre, veinte años después de los celebrados allí en 1989. El comité organizador estimó un costo de 1,5 millones de euros para todos los eventos.

La ceremonia de apertura tuvo lugar en el nuevo Estadio GSP. El estreno mundial de una obra compuesta por David Foster fue puesta en escena por el tenor Mario Frangoulis el lunes 1 de junio de 2009. El patrocinador principal del evento fue Coca-Cola con un acuerdo por valor de 140.000 €.

Países participantes

   (Equipo anfitrión)

Calendario

Medallero

Referencias

Véase también

 Juegos de los Pequeños Estados de Europa

Enlaces externos
Página oficial

Europa
2011
Competiciones deportivas europeas celebradas en Chipre
Chipre en 2009

Juegos de los Pequeños Estados de Europa de Chipre 2009


Den store grønne mur (engelsk: The Great Green Wall) er et planlagt projekt for at standse ørkenspredningen i Sahel-regionen syd for Sahara i Afrika. Et omtrent 15 km bredt bånd af skov skal plantes tværs over hele kontinentet, fra Djibouti i øst til Senegal i vest, en strækning på omkring 7.775 km. Projektet er et samarbejde mellem 11 lande i regionen: Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Eritrea, Etiopien, Mali, Mauritanien, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sudan og Tchad.

Allerede i 1980'erne foreslog Burkina Fasos daværende præsident Thomas Sankara et lignende projekt. Nigerias præsident Olusegun Obasanjo genoplivede forslaget i 2005, og det blev godkendt af Organisationen for afrikansk enhed i december 2006. I juni 2010 underskrev de elleve berørte lande en konvention for at få gennemført projektet. Den globale miljøfond Global Environment Facility har givet 115 millioner dollar for at finansiere projektet.

Tørke med påfølgende misvækst er et alvorligt problem i Sahel, og man håber at projektet skal kunne modvirke tørken og hæmme ørkenspredningen. I 2010 blev det beregnet at omkring 10 millioner mennesker i verden var ramt af madmangel som følge af tørke. Kritikerne advarer imidlertid om at den grønne væg skal kunne forårsage store klimaproblemer, og mener at man også må tage hensyn til urbefolkningen i området. Ved tidligere forsøg med skovplanting i Sahel og Sahara er invasive arter blevet indført i området, hvilket har ført til monokultur og fortsat udarming.

Status 2020
FN's sekretariat for Konventionen om bekæmpelse af ørkendannelse (UNCCD) udsendte i september 2020 statusrapport på projektet.
Der er genoprettet fire millioner hektar land langs selve bæltet og noget mere i det bredere område, der omgiver muren. Særligt i Etiopien er der sket meget, da det østafrikanske land står for 2,3 millioner hektar af det frodiggjorte land. Samtidigt er der skabt 335.000 jobs inden for naturgendannelse og skovproduktion, der gavner 11 millioner mennesker, og har skabt indtægter for omkring 90 millioner dollars. Der er dog langt til de overordnede mål for 2030, der fodrer at 8,2 millioner hektar land om året  skal gøres grønt igen, for at nå de 100 millioner hektar land, der er det optimistiske mål, der også omfatter  10 millioner jobs.

Se også
Den grønne kinesiske mur

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

FAO side om 'the Great Green Wall'
The African Great Green Wall project-What advice can scientists provide?  French Scientific Committee on Desertification (CSFD)
The Great Green Wall of Africa , BBC Newsnight

Afrika
Klima

Den store grønne mur


لغة بروسية قديمة هي لغة بلطيقية منقرضة منذ أوائل القرن الثامن عشر أستعملت من قبل البروسيين القدامى سكان مايعرف ببروسيا.

مراجع

ثقافة بروسيا
لغات أوروبية بائدة
لغات العصور الوسطى
إحياء اللغة

اللغة البروسية القديمة


Yırtık Uçurtma, Ekim 1996'da Yaren Karahasan, Mutlu Arı ve Ertan Subaşat tarafından kurulan, Anadolu Rock müziğinin genç temsilcilerinden olan bir müzik grubudur.

Gruba; Ocak 1997'de klavyeli çalgılarda Barış Göker, aynı yılın Mart ayında ise davul'da Şenel Aytaş katılmıştır. Grup kuruluşundan itibaren beste ve sahne çalışmalarına eğilmiş, Beyoğlu'nda ağırlıklı olmak üzere birçok barda uzun seneler sahne almış ve çeşitli üniversitelerde konserler vermiştir. Bazı müzikal anlaşmazlıklar nedeni ile Kasım 1999'da Barış Göker gruptan ayrılarak klasik Hard Rock grubu Nautilus'a geçmiştir. Ertan Subaşat'ın gruptan ayrılmasıyla farklı dönemlerde çeşitli bas gitaristlerle sahne alan gruptan Haziran 2006'da Mutlu Arı'nın da ayrılmasıyla birlikte solist olarak Alper Yazıcı gruba katılmıştır.

Cem Karaca, Erkin Koray, Moğollar ve daha birçok usta isimle de aynı sahneyi paylaşan Yırtık Uçurtma, 2001 yılında "Yırtık Uçurtma" ve 2005 yılının sonunda "İki" adlı albümlerini çıkardı.

2009 yılında 11 il 12 konserlik Yırtık Uçurtma "Hâlâ Yalnız Sen Türkiye Turnesi"ne ismini veren, "Yalnız Sen" şarkısının yeni versiyonu olan "Hâlâ Yalnız Sen"i resmi sitelerinden ücretsiz olarak dinleyicileri ile paylaştı ve şarkının klibini yayınladı.

Şubat 2013'te ise "Yırtık Uçurtma 3 / Yeni Nefes" albümünü "Anadolu Müzik Yapım" etiketiyle çıkarmıştır. Bu albümde ayrıca "Hâlâ Yalnız Sen" parçasının enstrümantal versiyonu da bulunmaktadır.

Diskografisi

Albümleri
2001: Yırtık Uçurtma (CD)
2005: İki (CD)
2013: Yırtık Uçurtma 3 / Yeni Nefes (CD)

Teklileri
2009: Hâlâ Yalnız Sen (Sanal Tekli)

Yer aldığı albümler
2002: Gitarın Asi Çocukları (Yavuz Çetin anısına yayınlanan toplama albümde "Çığlık" adlı şarkı ile yer aldı.)

Dış bağlantılar
 Web sayfası

Anadolu rock grupları
Türk rock müzik grupları
1996'da kurulan müzik grupları

Yırtık Uçurtma


Doğu felsefesi denildiğinde genel olarak Hindistan ve Çin'de başlayan felsefe geleneği kastedilmektedir. Ancak buna Afrika felsefesi, Japon felsefesi, İslam felsefesi, İran felsefesi gibi gelenekleri de eklemek gerekir. Oryantalist düşünceyle (bkz. Oryantalizm) Batı felsefesi, kendi tarihini Antik Yunan felsefesi dönemiyle birlikte başlatmakta, rasyonel ve sistematik düşünce geleneğini kendisine ait kılarak kendisini bu eksende tanımlamaktadır. Bu anlamda doğu felsefesi, batı felsefe tarihinin dışında kalan felsefe geleneklerini adlandırmaktadır. Doğu düşüncesi bu anlamda felsefe-dışı olarak görülmektedir. Doğu felsefesi mitolojik ve mistik ya da gizemci ve simgesel yanları olan bir felsefe geleneği olarak değerlendirilir. Bu etki ve köken söz konusu olmakla birlikte, doğu felsefesinin felsefe-dışı sayılması ancak felsefenin belirli bir şekilde anlaşılması ve kategorize edilmesiyle olanaklı olmaktadır. Bu anlayış ve kategorizasyon ise Batı düşüncesinin kendini tanımlamasıyla bağlantılıdır. Oysa Doğu ve Batı felsefeleri olarak adlandırılan felsefe gelenekleri, farklılıklarıyla birlikte, karşılıklı etkileşim ve süreklilik halinde gelişim göstermiş felsefelerdir. "Doğu" bu anlamda, hem daha Batı felsefesi mevcut değilken felsefi içerimli zengin bir düşünce tarihine sahiptir, hem de örneğin Orta Çağ döneminde Batı felsefesi denilen felsefenin taşınması ve geliştirilmesi doğu sayesinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Belli Başlı felsefe gelenekleri

Hint felsefesi
 Vedacılık
 Brahmanizm
 Karma felsefesi
 Dharma
 Yoga
 Samkya
 Budizm
 Jainizm
 Nyāya
 Mokşa
 Nirvana
 Dukkha
 Samsara
 Atman

Çin felsefesi
 Yin Yang
 Konfüçyus felsefesi
 Daoizm
 Çin Budizmi
 Zen
 Zen Budizmi
 Feng Shui
 Mensiyüs
 Zhuangzi
 Yang Zhu

Japon felsefesi
 Şintoizm
 Japonya'da Budizm
 Legalizm

İslam felsefesi
 Kelam
 İhvanü's-Safa
 Sufizm
 Eşarilik
 Dürzilik
 Mu'tezile
 Maturidilik
 İşrakilik
 Selefiyye
 Tabiiyyun
 Dehriyyun
 Meşşaîlik

İran felsefesi
 Hurufilik
 Maniheizm
 Bahailik
 Zerdüştilik

Afrika felsefesi

Dış bağlantılar
 Ankara Üni. Dergisi

Doğu felsefesi


Li Shiqun (; * 1905 in Shanghai; † 9. September 1943 in Suzhou) war ein chinesischer Politiker. Er ist als Leiter des Geheimdienstes der von Wang Jingwei geführten Neuorganisierten Regierung der Republik China (, Hauptverwaltung des Geheimdienstes, oder nach dem Hauptsitz Jessfield 76 genannt) bekannt.

Biografie
Li Shiqun hat die Shanghaier Schule der schönen Künste und die Shanghai-Universität absolviert, danach auch die Kommunistische Universität der Werktätigen des Ostens in Moskau. Um die Zeit, als die Guomindang den Nordfeldzug unternahm, trat er in die Kommunistische Partei Chinas ein und betätigte sich an der Umwandlung der Stadt in einen Stützpunkt dieser Partei.

1932 wurde er von den Behörden der Nationalregierung festgenommen, worauf er sich bekehrte. In seiner Tätigkeit als Angehöriger der Untersuchungsabteilung der Zentralorganisation der Guomindang machte Li Shiqun die Gesellschaftliche Zeitung («社会新聞», Shèhuì xīnwén) zum Bollwerk des Geheimdienstes. Zu dieser Zeit waren Ding Mocun (der spätere Leiter der Jessfield 76) und Tang Huimin seine Mitarbeiter.

Im Jahre 1937 brach der Zweite Sino-Japanische Krieg aus. Auf Anweisung der Parteiführer verbarg sich Li Shiqun nach der Einnahme von Nanjing in dieser Stadt. Im Sommer des nächsten Jahres wirkte Li Shiqun mit dem japanischen Konsulat in Hongkong zusammen und arbeitete in Shanghai. Im Mai 1939 wurde er, schon ein Gefolgsmann von Wang Jingwei, zum stellvertretenden Anführer des Tèwu ernannt.

Im August 1939 wurde Li Shiqun während der 6. Generalversammlung der Guomindang in die Zentralorganisation der Partei gewählt. Er bekleidete gleichzeitig die Ämter des stellvertretenden Vorsitzenden zweier Ausschüsse: für Oberleitung der Sonderangelegenheiten und für Säuberung. Es kam dazu, dass Li Shiqun, der einige wichtige Ämter bekleidete und Wang Jingweis treuer Freund war, selbst den Leiter der Tewu überflügelte und starken Einfluss ausübte.

Als 1940 Wang Jingwei förmlich die Nanking-Regierung gründete, wurde Li Shiqun zum Leiter der Tewu, stellvertretenden Polizeiminister und zum Mitglied der Zentralkomitee ernannt. Seit dem nächsten Monat funktionierte er auch als Mitglied des Ausschusses für Militärangelegenheiten. Im Dezember 1940 wurde Li Shiqun auch zum Polizeiminister erhoben.

Seit 1941 stand Li Shiqun auch der Shanghai-Abteilung des Vereins für chinesisch-japanische Kultur vor, war Mitglied der politischen Kommission und der Kommission für Verwaltung gesellschaftlicher Aktivitäten des Exekutiv-Yuans. Im August 1941 wurde das Polizeiministerium in Ministerium für Untersuchung und Statistik umorganisiert, das weiterhin von Li Shiqun geleitet wurde. Im Januar 1943 wurde er zum Gouverneur der Provinz Jiangsu ernannt.

Am 6. September 1943 wurde Li Shiqun zu einem Bankett vom Leiter der Militärabteilung der Shanghaier Geheimpolizei eingeladen, bei dem Li Shiqun vergiftet wurde und zusammenbrach. Am 9. September 1943 verstarb Li Shiqun in Suzhou im Alter von 38 Jahren an den Folgen des Giftanschlags. In der Nachkriegszeit erklärte man in den Materialien aus der Gerichtsverhandlung gegen Zhou Fohai, dass das Büro für Untersuchung und Statistik zusammen mit Zhou Fohai, dem damaligen Finanzminister in der Regierung, Li Shiqun vergiftet haben. Es werden jedoch weitere Theorien für die Umstände seines Mordes aufgestellt.

Einzelnachweise

Politiker (Republik China)
Person im Zweiten Japanisch-Chinesischen Krieg
Person (chinesische Kollaboration)
Chinese
Geboren 1905
Gestorben 1943
Mann

Li Shiqun


Francesco Semenzato (* 1970) ist ein ehemaliger italienischer Biathlet und Skilangläufer.

Francesco Semenzato bestritt zwischen 1995 und 1997 mehrere unterklassige internationale Skilanglaufrennen, darunter Skilanglauf-Continental-Cups und FIS-Rennen, ohne nennenswerte Resultate zu erreichen. Seinen größten internationalen Erfolg erreichte der Italiener bei den allerersten Bogenbiathlon-Weltmeisterschaften 1998 in Cogne, bei denen er als Schlussläufer gemeinsam mit Fabrizio Salvadori und Alberto Peracino den Titel im Staffelrennen vor Frankreich und Slowenien gewann.

Weblinks

Biathlet (Italien)
Skilangläufer (Italien)
Weltmeister (Bogenbiathlon)
Italiener
Geboren 1970
Mann

Francesco Semenzato


Goniaceae, manja porodica zelenih algi u redu Chlamydomonadales. Sastoji se od 14 priznatih vrsta. Ime je dobila po rodu Gonium.

Rodovi
 Astrephomene Pocock
 Gonium O.F.Müller

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

Porodice Chlamydomonadales

Goniaceae


Höşmerim ya da Hoşmerim, Marmara başta olmak üzere Ege, İç Anadolu bölgelerinde üretilen bir çeşit irmik helvası. Bazı illerde irmik yerine un konulur ve un helvasına höşmerim denilmektedir.

Balıkesir ve Bursa başta olmak üzere, Çanakkale, Tekirdağ, Kırklareli ve İzmit tatlının en çok yapıldığı illerdir. Evliya Çelebi, "Seyahatname"sinde bu tatlının, Balıkesir'e yerleşen ilk Türk göçebelerinde de görüldüğünü, Havran'a da oradan geçtiğini anlatır. Peynir helvası ya da Peynir tatlısı olarak da bilinir. Farsça hoş (tatlı) ve maram (kaymak) sözcüklerinden türemiştir.

Melceü't-Tabbâhîn Tarifi
Basılı ilk yemek kitabı Melceü't-Tabbâhîn'de tarifi şu şekilde verilmiştir:
Hoşmerim, sündürme dahi derler bir kıyye miktarı tuzsuz taze peynir veyahut teleme dedikleri peynirden tedarik edip el ile bir tencere içine ufaklayıp kor üstüne vaz birle karıştırmaya başlayalar tâ ki kaynayıp eridikte içine on dirhem miktarı dakîk-i hâs (has un) zammedip yine karıştırıldıkta yağını koyuverip peynir şekeri gibi uzamaya başladıkta indireler. Taamı latif bir taamdır. Tenâvül buyrula. Bazıları şeker veya asel dahi hîn-itenâvülde vazederler, latif olur.

Yörelere Göre Çeşitleri

Balıkesir Höşmerim Tatlısı (Balıkesir Peynirli İrmik Helvası)
Balıkesir höşmerim tatlısı Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Yörük köylerinde koyun sütü veya 1/3 inek, 2/3 koyun sütü karıştırılarak yapılan ve odun ateşinde pişirilen höşmerimde 5 lt süt ya da 5 kg teleme için 1-1,5 kg şeker yeterli gelmektedir.

Beypazarı Höşmerim Tatlısı (Beypazarı Un Helvası)
Beypazarı Höşmerim Tatlısı 19.07.2022 tarihinde Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Çamlıdere Höşmerim Tatlısı (Çamlıdere Un Helvası)
Çamlıdere Höşmerim Tatlısı köken ile bağı bulunan yöresel tatlı olup buğday unu, tereyağı ve süt kullanılarak hazırlanır. Ürünün tatlandırması bal, üzüm pekmezi veya beyaz şeker ile yapılır.
Çamlıdere Höşmerim Tatlısının diğer illerde üretilen höşmerim tatlılarından farkı malzemeleri arasında peynir ve irmik bulunmamasıdır. Çamlıdere Höşmerim Tatlısı Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Çankırı Höşmerim Tatlısı (Çankırı Un Helvası)
Çankırı Höşmerim Tatlısı 17.06.2021 tarihinde Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Kırşehir Höşmerim Tatlısı (Kırşehir Un Helvası)
Kırşehir Höşmerim Tatlısı; un, süt, yumurta, şeker ve tereyağı ile yapılan yöreye özgü meşhur bir tatlıdır. Kırşehir yöresinde geleneksel olarak yeni doğum yapmış lohusa annelere sunulan önemli bir tatlı olmakla birlikte günümüzde sıklıkla yapılmaktadır. Yörenin önemli kültürel miraslarından biri olan Kırşehir Höşmerim Tatlısı, yöre kadınlarının ve ustalarının bilgilerini geçmişten geleceğe kuşaklar boyu aktararak ün kazanmış tatlıdır.Kırşehir Höşmerim Tatlısı Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Konya Höşmerimi
Konya Höşmerimi için 2022 yılı Şubat ayında Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi tarafından coğrafi işaret başvurusunda bulunulmuş, aynı yılın Ağustos ayında Türk Patent Enstitüsü tarafından coğrafi işaretli ürün olarak tescil edilmiştir.

Mengen Höşmerimi (Mengen Un Helvası)
Mengen Höşmerimi 10.06.2021 tarihinde Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı (Sivrihisar Un Helvası)
Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısının Sivrihisar mutfak kültüründe önemli bir yeri bulunur. Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı, yemeğin hemen ardından taze taze kavrularak sunulan bir tatlıdır. Bununla birlikte bayram sabahı aile büyüğünün evinde yemek yeme geleneğinin bir parçası olarak da ikram edilir.

Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı, tam yağlı krema (kaymak), un ve çok az miktardaki tuzun kavrulması ile hazırlanan bir tatlıdır. Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısının üretiminde kullanılan krema, inek sütünden elde edilir ve tereyağı yapımı için de kullanılan tam yağlı krema tercih edilir. İnek sütünden elde edilen süt kremasının pH değeri koyun ve keçi sütünden elde edilen süt kremalarına göre daha yüksek, yani asitlik derecesi daha düşüktür. Ayrıca inek sütünün yağ ve katı madde oranı daha düşük olduğundan inek sütü kreması daha hafif bir kremadır. Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı, üzerine üzüm pekmezi dökülerek sunulur. Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı aynı zamanda tercihe bağlı olarak şerbetli, şerbetsiz ya da süt reçelli olmak üzere üç farklı şeklide de tüketilebilir. Üretim şekli aynı olmakla birlikte sunum biçimi arasındaki fark tüketim tercihi veya alışkanlıklarından kaynaklanır.
Sivrihisar Höşmerim Tatlısı Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Gediz Höşmerimi
Malzemeleri; taze tuzsuz inek peyniri, irmik, buğday unu, beyaz şeker, su, kabartma tozudur. Gediz Höşmerimi 09.12.2022 tarihinde Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescillenmiş ve coğrafi işaret almıştır.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar
 500 yıllık özel tat: Höşmerim
 Yapılış Tarifleri

Kaynakça

Balıkesir mutfağı
Osmanlı mutfağındaki helvalar
Türk mutfağındaki helvalar

Höşmerim


Miguel Marcos del Rosario Brizuela Bazavilvazo fue un militar mexicano. Nació en Colima el 7 de octubre de 1822, siendo hijo de Tomás Brizuela García (hijo de Tomás Brizuela y de Luna, hermano de Diego, padre del coronel Anastacio Brizuela) y Juana Bazavilvazo Lara. Desde su juventud se radicó en Atemajac, donde se desempeñó como jefe de la fundición más importante de la época. Elegido, durante varias ocasiones, diputado local por Jalisco. Durante la Segunda Intervención Francesa en México se dedicó, de forma secreta, a la fabricación de cañones, armas y parque. Finalmente, Brizuela murió luchando en la Batalla de La Coronilla, cerca de Acatlán de Juárez, donde se logró un claro triunfo el 18 de diciembre de 1866. El pueblo donde radicó, posteriormente fue llamado Atemajac de Brizuela.

Referencias

Breve Historia de Colima. José Miguel Romero. 1994. Fondo de Cultura Económica.

Nacidos en Colima (ciudad)
Militares de México
Fallecidos en Acatlán de Juárez

Miguel Brizuela


Welwyn Hatfield es un distrito no metropolitano con el estatus de municipio, ubicado en el condado de Hertfordshire (Inglaterra). Fue constituido el 1 de abril de 1974 bajo la Ley de Gobierno Local de 1972 como una fusión del distrito urbano de Welwyn Garden City y de los distritos rurales de Hatfield y Welwyn.

Geografía
Según la Oficina Nacional de Estadística británica, Welwyn Hatfield tiene una superficie de 129,55 km².

Demografía
Según el censo de 2001, Welwyn Hatfield tenía 97 553 habitantes (48,55% varones, 51,45% mujeres) y una densidad de población de 753,01 hab/km². El 19,65% eran menores de 16 años, el 72,32% tenían entre 16 y 74 y el 8,02% eran mayores de 74. La media de edad era de 38,8 años.

La mayor parte (90,94%) eran originarios del Reino Unido. El resto de países europeos englobaban al 3,59% de la población, mientras que el 1,62% había nacido en África, el 2,64% en Asia, el 0,65% en América del Norte, el 0,11% en América del Sur, el 0,37% en Oceanía y el 0,06% en cualquier otro lugar. Según su grupo étnico, el 93,66% de los habitantes eran blancos, el 1,38% mestizos, el 2,33% asiáticos, el 1,37% negros, el 0,81% chinos y el 0,45% de cualquier otro. El cristianismo era profesado por el 69,93%, el budismo por el 0,37%, el hinduismo por el 1,06%, el judaísmo por el 0,67%, el islam por el 1,13%, el sijismo por el 0,22% y cualquier otra religión por el 0,33%. El 18,07% no eran religiosos y el 8,2% no marcaron ninguna opción en el censo.

El 44,16% de los habitantes estaban solteros, el 41,36% casados, el 1,65% separados, el 6,2% divorciados y el 6,63% viudos. Había 39 844 hogares con residentes, de los cuales el 28,7% estaban habitados por una sola persona, el 9,48% por padres solteros con o sin hijos dependientes, el 58,29% por parejas (49,43% casadas, 8,86% sin casar) con o sin hijos dependientes, y el 3,52% por múltiples personas. Además, había 777 hogares sin ocupar y 84 eran alojamientos vacacionales o segundas residencias.

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Sitio web oficial del Ayuntamiento de Welwyn Hatfield (en inglés).

Distritos no metropolitanos de Hertfordshire
Municipios de Inglaterra

Welwyn Hatfield


A module in Dungeons & Dragons is an adventure published by TSR. The term is usually applied to adventures published for all Dungeons & Dragons games before 3rd Edition. For 3rd Edition and beyond new publisher Wizards of the Coast uses the term adventure. For a list of published 3rd, 4th, and 5th Edition Adventures see List of Dungeons & Dragons adventures. For description and history of Adventures/Modules see Adventure (D&D). Adventures for various campaign settings are listed in different articles, including Forgotten Realms, Dragonlance, Greyhawk, Mystara, Kara-Tur, Spelljammer, Ravenloft, Al-Qadim, Dark Sun, Planescape, Birthright, and Eberron.

The modules listed here are in three separate lists of official TSR Dungeons & Dragons modules only.
The coded modules (1992–1995) are listed by module code.
Modules made after the code system was dropped (1993–2000) are displayed in alphabetical order.
Note: There is considerable overlap caused by the transition period and early pre-advertising for some modules.

Coded modules (1978–1994)
Module codes in brackets indicate implied codes either by earlier advertising or place in a series; some of these modules did not actually have codes printed on the cover.

A
A—Aerie of the Slave Lords is a linked campaign of four AD&D (1st Ed.) modules created for Gen Con XIII and set in Greyhawk. They can also form an extended campaign following T and followed by G.

AC—ACcessory Modules is a series of accessory items for D&D (Basic/Expert/Companion/Master), many of which included mini-adventures. They are generally associated with Mystara albeit quite generic.

B
B—Basic were designed for use with the Dungeons & Dragons Basic set. Mostly they are independent adventures, set in Mystara.

C
C—Competition modules for AD&D (1st) are specially designed for competition play and come with a scoring system for player actions.

CA—City of Adventure for AD&D (1st) require the Lankhmar: City of Adventure supplement to play.

CB—Conan the Barbarian modules for AD&D (1st) tie in with the Conan movies.

CM—CoMpanion is for use with Dungeons & Dragons Companion Set (or Rules Cyclopedia), and were set in Mystara.

D
D—Drow is a linked campaign of AD&D (1st Ed) modules created for Gen Con XI set in Greyhawk. They can also form an extended campaign following G, and followed by Q.

DA—Dave Arneson is set in Blackmoor for Expert Set

DDA—Dungeons & Dragons Adventure for Basic Set, set in Mystara.

DL—Dragonlance introduced the Dragonlance campaign. They are linked series traditional modules for AD&D (1st Ed) except where noted.

DLA—Dragonlance Adventure trilogy of linked adventures are set on the lost continent of Taladas in the Dragonlance world, for 2nd Edition AD&D.

DLC—Dragonlance Classics collects the original Dragonlance modules, revised for 2nd Edition AD&D.

DL(E/Q/S/T)—Dragonlance (Epic/Quest/Saga/Tales) for 2nd Edition AD&D.

DQ—DragonQuest is compatible with both AD&D (1st Edition) or DragonQuest RPG

DS(Q/E)—Dark Sun (Quest/Epic) is a set of linked modules that require Dark Sun campaign setting.

DSM—Dark Sun Mission is a set of linked modules that require the Dark Sun campaign setting.

E
EX—EXtension Series are AD&D modules designed as a "tack-on" adventure set in Greyhawk.

G
G—Giants is a linked campaign of AD&D (1st Ed) module(s) created for Origins '78 set in Greyhawk. They can also form an extended campaign following A, and followed by D.

GA—General Adventure for 2nd Edition AD&D, not specific to any campaign setting.

GAZ—GAZetteer The GAZ series described countries in the Known World of Mystara, using the D&D Basic and Expert Set rules, although beginning with GAZ07, rules for adapting to AD&D are provided. However the 15th product in this Mystara Gazetteer series, Dawn of the Emperors: Thyatis and Alphatia, was instead sold as a boxed set without an official GAZ-module code.

H
H—The Bloodstone Pass Saga is a linked campaign series that focuses on using Battlesystem battles in Forgotten Realms AD&D adventures.

HHQ—Head to Head Quest modules for 2nd Edition AD&D are designed for one Player and a DM

HW—Hollow World set in Mystara.

I
I—Intermediate, for AD&D, mostly separate adventures though some sequels do exist within the series.

IM—Immortal, for use with D&D Immortals Set. Set in Mystara.

L
L—Lendore Isles was Lenard Lakofka's campaign that was made part of Greyhawk. It was originally planned to be a series of five linked modules, but only three were ever published.

LN(A/Q/R)—Lankhmar/Nehwon (Adventure/Quest/Reference) independent adventures for use with Lankhmar City of Adventure box set.

M
M—Master for use with the Master Dungeons & Dragons rules, set in Mystara.

MSOLO: solo modules set in Mystara by default.

MV—Magic Viewer: solo adventure for 1st Edition AD&D.

N
N—Novice

O
O—One on one (one player one master) set in Mystara.

OA—Oriental Adventures was originally its own campaign setting (see Oriental Adventures and List of Forgotten Realms modules and sourcebooks), but from OA5 was incorporated into Forgotten Realms.

OP—Outer Planes for use with the AD&D Manual of the Planes.

Q
Q—Queen of the Demonweb Pits single module conclusion to the G and D series

R
R—Role Playing Game Association tournament modules, R1–6 were also available to RPGA members. R1–4 were later revised and abridged as I12.  Mentzer initially intended the "R" series to take place in Greyhawk (on a different continent from Oerik) as part of an "Acquaria" or "Aqua-Oeridian" campaign.  The original concept was to use these modules to form the basis of a new Greyhawk boxed set, although TSR never went forward with these plans and as such the modules are not officially for Greyhawk.

RA—Ravenloft / RQ—Ravenloft Quests TSR changed coding for sales purposes. Grand Conjunction Campaign was developed after the first 3 modules were made

RM—Ravenloft Missions TSR changed coding again for sales purposes

RPGA—Role Playing Game Association tournament modules, also available to RPGA members. This series was later revised and reprinted as B7, C4 & C5.

RS—Red Sonja

S
S—Special

SJA—Spelljammer Adventure set in the Spelljammer campaign setting

SJQ–Spelljammer Quest set in the Spelljammer campaign setting

SJS—Spelljammer Sourcebook set in the Spelljammer campaign setting

ST–Steam Train (or Stoke-on-Trent) limited edition module released at 1986 Stoke-on-Trent Garden Festival (UK).

T
T—Temple of Elemental Evil set in Greyhawk.

U
U—Underwater a linked trilogy set in Greyhawk, published in the UK.

UK—United Kingdom a series of mostly independent adventures developed by the TSR UK office

W
WG—World of Greyhawk was a series of stand-alone adventures set in Greyhawk for 1st edition except as noted. No modules were ever assigned codes WG1–WG3. WG1 was earmarked for The Village of Hommlet (T1), and WG2 was earmarked for The Temple of Elemental Evil (T1-4). WG3 was to be Lost Caverns of Tsojcanth (S4), a loosely tied prequel to WG4. WG7 was advertised during summer 1986 as Shadowlords, a collaboration between Gary Gygax and Skip Williams.  Gygax's lawsuit with TSR put Shadowlords in limbo, and it was replaced with Castle Greyhawk.

WGA—World of Greyhawk Adventure

WGM—World of Greyhawk Mission

WGQ—World of Greyhawk Quest

WGR—World of Greyhawk Reference is a mix of adventures and background information.

WGS—World of Greyhawk Swords was originally intended as a trilogy. The planned third module became instead the Greyhawk Wars boxed wargame.

X
X—eXpert series was for use with Dungeons & Dragons Expert Set except where noted and set in Mystara.

Other modules

Notes

References

External links
3.5 D&D Archives (Official Wizards of the Coast link - includes many new adventures and supplements not available in print)
Collector's Checklist (extensive online list of TSR RPG modules and gaming accessories with pictures and revision info)
The Acaeum: Module Index By Code (information and auction prices on D&D modules)
The Acaeum: Module Index By Title (information and auction prices on D&D modules)
The Acaeum: The Acaeum Library (links to essays, community support, TSR/WotC product references and TSR/WotC module downloads)

Dungeons & Dragons lists

List of Dungeons & Dragons modules


ISO kratica za jezik maindo
 Cwb (klima), vrsta tople klime sa suhim razdobljem (sinijske klime), po Köppenovoj klasifikaciji klime
 cWb, stoti dio vebera, mjerne jedinice magnetskog toka
 CWB, IATA-ina oznaka za zračnu luku Curitiba
 cwb (vinarnice), "croatian wine bottle", hrvatska oznaka za vino

Cwb


සෙංකඩගල දළදා මැදුරේ අතීතයේ සිට පැවතෙන මංගල්‍යයන් 4ක් ඇත.
1. අලුත් සහල් මංගල්ලය
2. අලුත් අවුරුදු මංගල්ලය
3. ඇසල මංගල්ලය
4. කාර්තික මංගල්ලය

අලුත් සහල් මංගල්ලය
සැම වසරකම  දුරුතු මස පසළොස්වක පොහෝ දින අලුත් සහල් මංගල්‍යය පැවැත්වේ. දළදා මාලිගාවට ලැබෙන සහල් විශේෂී වූ අටුවක තැන්පත් කරනු ලබන අතර එම අටුවේ තිබෙන සහල්
විහාර සහ දෙවාල වලට බෙදාදීම දුරුතු මස පසළොස්වක පොහෝදින සිදුකෙරේ මෙම සහල් බෙදාදීම දියවඩන නිලමේ ඇතුළු නිලමේ වරුන් රැසකගේ සහබගීත්වයෙන් සිදුකෙරෙන අතර එය විශේෂ උත්සවයකි.
දළදා මැදුරේ සිට සහල් අටුව දක්වා ගමන් කරයි. මෙය පිහිටාඇත්තේ පල්ලේකලේ ප්‍රදේශයේය

අලුත් අවුරුදු මංගල්ලය

ඇසළ මංගල්ලය

ඇසළ මස මැද සිට නිකිණි මහ මැද දක්වා සුමාන 5ක් පමණ පැවැත්වෙන මෙහි ප්‍රධාන උත්සව කීපයක් ඇත.
1. කප් සිටුවීමේ මංගල්ලය
2. පෙරහැර මංගල්‍යය
ඇතුලේ පෙරහැර
 කූඹල් පෙරහැර
 රන්දෝලි පෙරහැර
 දවල් පෙරහැර
3. දිය කැපීමේ මංගල්ලය
4. හත්දින වලියක් මංගල්ලය

ආශ්‍රිත ලිපි
 දළදා මාලිගාව
 දළදා වහන්සේ
 දළදා පෙරහැර මංගල්‍යය

ආශ්‍රිත ග්‍රන්ථ
Footnotes

Bibliography

දළදා වහන්සේ

දළදා මාලිගාවේ මංගල්‍යයන්


Rosana Simón Álamo (* 11. Juli 1989 in Los Llanos de Aridane) ist eine spanische Taekwondoin. Sie startet im Schwergewicht über 73 Kilogramm.

Ihre ersten internationalen Titelkämpfe bestritt Simón im Jahr 2005. In Baku wurde sie Junioreneuropameisterin, zudem nahm sie in Riga erstmals an der Europameisterschaft und in Madrid an der Weltmeisterschaft teil. Im folgenden Jahr gewann sie schließlich bei der Europameisterschaft in Bonn mit Bronze auch ihre erste Medaille im Erwachsenenbereich.

Simón konnte sich für die Olympischen Spiele 2008 in Peking qualifizieren. In der Gewichtsklasse über 67 Kilogramm schied sie jedoch gegen Karolina Kedzierska in ihrem Auftaktkampf aus. Erfolgreich war sie dafür bei der Weltmeisterschaft 2009 in Kopenhagen und der Europameisterschaft 2010 in Sankt Petersburg, wo sie mit Finalsiegen gegen Liu Rui und Anne-Caroline Graffe ihren jeweils ersten WM- und EM-Titel errang. Weitere Medaillen konnte Simón mit Bronze bei der Weltmeisterschaft 2011 in Gyeongju und Silber bei der Europameisterschaft 2012 in Manchester gewinnen. Bei den Mittelmeerspielen 2013 in Mersin gewann sie in der Gewichtsklasse über 67 Kilogramm Bronze.

Weblinks

Taekwondoin (Spanien)
Weltmeister (Taekwondo)
Europameister (Taekwondo)
Olympiateilnehmer (Spanien)
Teilnehmer der Olympischen Sommerspiele 2008
Teilnehmer an den Europaspielen (Spanien)
Teilnehmer der Europaspiele 2015
Universiadeteilnehmer (Spanien)
Teilnehmer der Sommer-Universiade 2015
Teilnehmer der Mittelmeerspiele 2013
Spanier
Geboren 1989
Frau

Rosana Simón


Artur Müller, Pseudonym Arnolt Brecht (* 26. Oktober 1909 in München; † 11. Juli 1987 ebenda), war ein deutscher Schriftsteller und Dramaturg. Er verfasste vor allem Schauspiele, Erzählungen, Sachbücher und Hörfunk- und Fernsehbeiträge. In den 1950er Jahren arbeitete er leitend beim Hessischen Fernsehen.

Leben

Der Sohn eines Handwerkers lernte Buchhändler und trat der KPD bei. Ab 1933 verbüßte er je acht Monate Haft und KZ wegen "Beihilfe zum Hochverrat". Seit 1936 schriftstellerisch tätig, veröffentlichte er allerdings auch "Kriegsliteratur". 1939 wurde er zur Wehrmacht eingezogen, wo er rangloser Gebirgsjäger blieb. 1944 war Müller im bayerischen antifaschistischen Widerstand aktiv; als Folge wurde er 1945 in Abwesenheit zum Tod verurteilt. 1949–1953 arbeitete er als Dramaturg im Verlag Kurt Desch und am Bayerischen Staatsschauspiel in München. Von 1953 bis 1958 war er Programmdirektor des Hessischen Fernsehens in Frankfurt am Main, anschließend Freier Mitarbeiter des SDR-Fernsehens. Er schrieb nun vorwiegend Hör- und Fernsehspiele sowie Sachbücher. Besonders erfolgreich war seine vierzehnteilige Fernsehdokumentation Das Dritte Reich (1960/61), die ihm 1964, nach einer Wiederholung der Ausstrahlung, gemeinsam mit Heinz Huber den erstmals verliehenen Adolf-Grimme-Preis eintrug. Schon 1950 war Müller für sein 1848er-Drama Im Namen der Freiheit der Literaturpreis des Verbandes Südwestdeutscher Autoren zuerkannt worden.

Müller hatte mit seiner Frau Hertha Barbara, geborene Platz, fünf Kinder und besaß in Gröbenzell bei München ein Eigenheim. 1951 wurde er Präsident der Georg-Kaiser-Gesellschaft.

Buchveröffentlichungen

 Das östliche Fenster, Roman, München 1936
 Traumherz, Roman, 1938, auch als Feldpostausgabe Dresden 1944
 Am Rande einer Nacht, Roman, 1940
 Der Stoß in Frankreichs Herz, München 1941 (mit Egid Gehring, erschienen im Franz-Eher-Verlag, dem Zentralverlag der NSDAP)
 Ich begleite einen General, 1942
 Fessel und Schwinge, Gesammelte Dramen, 1942
 Die wahrhaft Geliebte, Novelle, Dresden 1943
 Im Namen der Freiheit, Drama, 1949
 Wacht auf, Verdammte dieser Erde, Drama, 1950
 Die verlorenen Paradiese, Roman, Mannheim 1950
 Das vielbegehrte Sesselchen: Ein Jahr Geschichte einer europäischen Provinz, Roman, Mannheim 1951
 Admiral Canaris, Drama, 1952
 François Cenodoxus, der Doktor von Paris: Ein Schauspiel, Emsdetten 1954
 Der Renegat, Drama, 1954
 Die letzte Patrouille?: Ein Stück deutsche Geschichte, Drama, Emsdetten 1958
 Die Sonne, die nicht aufging: Schuld und Schicksal Leo Trotzkis, Stuttgart 1959
 Dramen des Naturalismus (Hrsg.), Emsdetten 1962
 Das Dritte Reich, seine Geschichte in Texten, Bildern und Dokumenten (Hrsg.), zwei Bände, München 1964
 Gespräche zur Weltgeschichte, Stuttgart 1965
 Die sieben Weltwunder: 5000 Jahre Kultur und Geschichte der Antike, München 1966
 Die Deutschen: Ihre Klassenkämpfe, Aufstände, Staatsstreiche und Revolutionen. Eine Chronik, München 1972

Regiearbeiten

 1963: Dantons Tod, zusammen mit Fritz Umgelter (SWF, nach dem Drama von Georg Büchner)

Einzelnachweise

Weblinks

Autor
Mitglied der Reichsschrifttumskammer
Literatur (Deutsch)
Dramaturg
Deutscher
Geboren 1909
Gestorben 1987
Mann

Artur Müller