O USS Massachusetts é um encouraçado da classe Indiana e o segundo navio da Marinha dos Estados Unidos comparável aos navios de guerra estrangeiros de seu tempo.

Autorizado em 1890 e comissionado seis anos depois, era um encouraçado de pequeno porte, embora possuísse blindagem e artilharia pesados. A classe de navios a que pertencia também foi pioneira no uso de uma bateria intermediária. Ele foi projetado para defesa costeira e, como resultado, seus decks não estavam a salvo de ondas altas em mar aberto.

Massachusetts serviu na Guerra Hispano-Americana como parte do Esquadrão Voador e participou dos bloqueios de Cienfuegos e Santiago de Cuba. Ele não participou da decisiva Batalha de Santiago de Cuba, depois de navegar para a Baía de Guantánamo, na noite anterior, para reabastecer carvão. Após a guerra, serviu no Esquadrão do Atlântico Norte, realizando manobras de treinamento e prática de tiro. Durante este período, sofreu uma explosão em uma torre de canhão de 8 polegadas (203 milímetros), matando nove tripulantes, e encalhou duas vezes, exigindo vários meses de reparo nas duas vezes. Ele foi desativado em 1906 para modernização.

Embora considerado obsoleto em 1910, o encouraçado foi recomissionado e usado para cruzeiros anuais para aspirantes durante os verões, e também colocado na frota de reserva, até seu descomissionamento em 1914. Em 1917, ele foi recomissionado para servir como navio de treinamento para o pessoal de artilharia durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Ele foi desativado pela última vez em março de 1919, sob o nome de Coast Battleship Number 2, antecipando que seu nome poderia ser reutilizado para o USS Massachusetts (BB-54). Em 1921, foi afundado em águas rasas no Golfo do México, perto de Pensacola, e usado como alvo para artilharia pesada. O naufrágio nunca foi demolido e, em 1956, foi declarado propriedade do Estado da Flórida. Desde 1993, o naufrágio é uma Reserva Arqueológica Subaquática da Flórida e está incluído no Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos, servindo como recife artificial e local de mergulho.

Design e construção

Massachusetts foi construído a partir de uma versão modificada de um projeto elaborado por um conselho de política em 1889 para um encouraçado de curto alcance. O projeto original fazia parte de um ambicioso plano de construção naval para construir 33 encouraçados e 167 navios menores. O Congresso dos Estados Unidos viu o plano como uma tentativa de acabar com a política estadunidense de isolacionismo e não o aprovou, mas um ano depois aprovou o financiamento de três encouraçados de defesa costeira, que se tornariam o Massachusetts e seus navios irmãos  e . Os navios estavam limitados à defesa costeira devido à sua resistência moderada, deslocamento relativamente pequeno e borda livre baixa, o que limitava a capacidade de navegação. No entanto, eles estavam fortemente armados e blindados; Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships descreve seu design como "tentando demais com um deslocamento muito limitado".

A construção dos navios foi autorizada em 30 de junho de 1890, e o contrato para Massachusetts - não incluindo canhões e blindagem - foi concedido à William Cramp & Sons, da Filadélfia, que se ofereceu para construí-lo por 3 020 000 de dólares americanos. O custo total do navio foi quase o dobro, aproximadamente seis milhões. O contrato especificava que o navio deveria ser construído em três anos, mas a entrega lenta de placas de blindagem e canhões causou um atraso. Sua quilha foi batida em 25 de junho de 1891, e ele foi lançado dois anos depois, em 10 de junho de 1893. A cerimônia de lançamento contou com a presença de milhares de pessoas, incluindo o secretário da Marinha  e o comandante George Dewey. Seu teste preliminar no mar não ocorreu até março de 1896, devido aos atrasos nas entregas das placas de blindagem e armamentos. Nesse ponto, Massachusetts estava quase completo, e seu teste oficial foi realizado um mês depois.

Seu armamento e blindagem fizeram de Massachusetts o segundo encouraçado americano capaz de se equiparar a suas contrapartes estrangeiras. Isso foi possível devido a seus quatro canhões de 330 milímetros em sua bateria principal, além de canhões de bateria secundária com 203 milímetros de diâmetro, inexistentes em navios deste tipo, e uma blindagem que variava de 76 milímetros no convés até 460 milímetros em seu cinturão.

Histórico de serviço

Início de carreira
Massachusetts foi comissionado em 10 de junho de 1896, com o capitão Frederick Rodgers no comando. Ele fez seu cruzeiro inicial entre agosto e novembro de 1896, seguido por uma revisão no New York Navy Yard. Em fevereiro de 1897, ele fez uma curta viagem para Charleston, Carolina do Sul. O encouraçado partiu de Nova York, novamente em maio, para Boston, onde foi realizada uma celebração em sua homenagem. Nos dez meses seguintes, o encouraçado participou de manobras de treinamento com o Esquadrão do Atlântico Norte, na costa da Flórida, e visitou vários portos importantes na costa leste americana. Em 27 de março de 1898, ela foi enviada para , Virgínia, para se juntar ao Esquadrão Voador, sob o comando do comodoro , para o bloqueio de Cuba.

Guerra Hispano-Americana

Após a eclosão da Guerra Hispano-Americana, o Esquadrão Voador partiu para Key West. Lá, Schley se encontrou com o contra-almirante Sampson, que havia acabado de voltar do bombardeio de San Juan, Porto Rico. Eles discutiram as possíveis localizações da esquadra espanhola, sob o comando do almirante Cervera, e Schley foi enviado ao porto de Cienfuegos, Cuba, para procurar o almirante e sua frota. Schley chegou ao largo de Cienfuegos, em 22 de maio, e levou vários dias para concluir que os navios de Cervera não estavam no porto. A esquadra então seguiu para Santiago de Cuba, o único outro porto na costa sul de Cuba grande o suficiente para os navios espanhóis, chegando após vários atrasos em 29 de maio. Na chegada, o cruzador Cristóbal Colón era visível do lado de fora da entrada do porto, confirmando que a frota espanhola estava fundeada ali. Schley bloqueou o porto e informou Sampson, que chegou com seu próprio esquadrão em 1º de junho e assumiu o comando geral.

Durante o mês seguinte, Massachusetts participou do bloqueio de Santiago de Cuba, bombardeando ocasionalmente os fortes do porto. Na noite de 2 para 3 de julho, ele e os dois cruzadores  e  deixaram o bloqueio para carregar carvão na Baía de Guantánamo, Cuba. Isso fez com que ele perdesse a Batalha de Santiago de Cuba, em 3 de julho, na qual a frota espanhola tentou romper o bloqueio e foi completamente destruída. No dia seguinte, o encouraçado voltou a Santiago de Cuba, onde ele e  dispararam contra o já desarmado , que estava sendo afundado pelos espanhóis, na tentativa de bloquear o canal de entrada do porto. Massachusetts foi então enviado para Porto Rico, para apoiar a ocupação americana até que ele voltou para Nova York, em 1º de agosto, chegando em 20 de agosto.

Pós-Guerra Hispano-Americana
Depois de uma rápida revisão na doca seca, Massachusetts estava tentando deixar o porto de Nova York, em 10 de dezembro de 1898, quando atingiu um recife, inundando cinco de seus compartimentos dianteiros. Foi obrigado a regressar ao estaleiro naval, onde foi novamente colocado em doca seca para reparações que demoraram cerca de três meses. Por um ano , Massachusetts serviu com o Esquadrão do Atlântico Norte, visitando várias cidades na costa atlântica. Em maio de 1900, ele e Indiana foram colocados na reserva, pois a marinha tinha uma escassez de oficiais e precisava colocar as novas classes Kearsarge e Illinois em comissão. Os encouraçados foram reativados no mês seguinte como uma experiência do quão rápido isso poderia ser alcançado, e Massachusetts voltou ao serviço com o Esquadrão do Atlântico Norte.

Em março de 1901, o encouraçado encalhou novamente, desta vez no porto de Pensacola, Flórida, mas o navio se recuperou rapidamente e conseguiu continuar sua viagem. Um acidente mais grave ocorreu durante a prática de tiro ao alvo em janeiro de 1903, quando uma explosão em uma de suas torres de 203 milímetros matou nove tripulantes. Foram as primeiras fatalidades a bordo de um encouraçado dos Estados Unidos desde o naufrágio do Maine, em 1898. Outro acidente aconteceu em agosto daquele ano, quando Massachusetts encalhou em uma rocha na , Maine. O navio foi seriamente danificado e teve que ser reparado em doca seca.

Em dezembro de 1904, outro acidente letal ocorreu a bordo do Massachusetts: três homens morreram e vários outros ficaram gravemente queimados quando uma junta quebrada fez com que o vapor enchesse a sala da caldeira. Em 8 de janeiro de 1906, o encouraçado foi desativado e sua tripulação foi transferida para seu navio irmão Indiana, que completou uma modernização de três anos. Massachusetts recebeu as mesmas atualizações posteriormente, incluindo doze canhões de 76 milímetros de calibre único para substituir os canhões de 152 milímetros e a maioria dos canhões mais leves, novas caldeiras Babcock & Wilcox, contrapesos para equilibrar suas torres principais, um mastro de treliça e mecanismos elétricos de deslocamento para suas torres.

Em 2 de maio de 1910, Massachusetts foi colocado em comissão reduzida para que pudesse ser usado para o cruzeiro anual de verão dos aspirantes da Academia Naval. Apesar de suas modernizações, o encouraçado era agora considerado "obsoleto e sem valor, mesmo para a segunda linha de defesa" pelo secretário da Marinha George von Lengerke Meyer. Ele viu pouco uso, além dos cruzeiros de verão, e foi transferido para a Reserva Naval da Marinha dos Estados Unidos quando esta foi formada em 1912. Após uma rápida viagem a Nova York, para uma revisão presidencial da frota, em outubro de 1912, o encouraçado voltou para a Filadélfia e lá permaneceu até ser desativado em 23 de maio de 1914.

Primeira Guerra Mundial

Depois que os Estados Unidos entraram na Primeira Guerra Mundial, Massachusetts foi recomissionado pela última vez, em 9 de junho de 1917. Ele foi usado por tripulações da Reserva Naval para treinamento de artilharia em Block Island Sound, até 27 de maio de 1918. O encouraçado foi então redesignado para servir como um navio de tiro ao alvo de canhões pesados perto da baía de Chesapeake, até o final da Primeira Guerra Mundial. Massachusetts voltou para a Filadélfia em 16 de fevereiro de 1919. Ele foi desativado pela última vez em 31 de março de 1919, depois de ser renomeado "Coast Battleship Number 2" dois dias antes, para que seu nome pudesse ser reutilizado para o primeiro navio de guerra da classe South Dakota, Massachusetts (BB-54).

Naufrágio

Massachusetts foi retirado do  em 22 de novembro de 1920 e emprestado ao Departamento de Guerra dos Estados Unidos, então usado como navio-alvo para artilharia. Quando a Marinha dos EUA adotou números de casco naquele ano, Massachusetts recebeu retroativamente o número "BB-2". Ele foi afundado em águas rasas no Golfo do México, ao largo de Pensacola, em 6 de janeiro de 1921, e bombardeado pelas baterias costeiras de  e pela artilharia ferroviária. Em 20 de fevereiro de 1925, o Departamento de Guerra devolveu seus destroços à Marinha dos Estados Unidos, que o ofereceu como sucata, mas nenhuma oferta aceitável foi recebida.

Eventualmente, Massachusetts foi declarado propriedade do Estado da Flórida pela . Em 10 de junho de 1993 - o centenário de seu lançamento - o local se tornou a quarta Reserva Arqueológica Subaquática da Flórida. Em 2001, o naufrágio também foi adicionado ao Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos, e ainda serve como recife artificial e ponto de mergulho.

Bibliografia

Impressos

Dicionário de navios de combate americanos

The New York Times

Outros

Ligações externas

Classe Indiana
Navios de 1893
Navios construídos pela William Cramp & Sons
Navios construídos na Pensilvânia
Couraçados da Marinha dos Estados Unidos
Couraçados dos Estados Unidos na Primeira Guerra Mundial
Embarcações afundadas de propósito

USS Massachusetts (BB-2)


Garulia (en bengalí: গারুলিয়া ) es una ciudad de la India, en el distrito de 24 Parganas norte, estado de Bengala Occidental.

Geografía
Se encuentra a una altitud de 13  a 30 km de la capital estatal, Calcuta, en la zona horaria UTC +5:30.

Demografía
Según estimación 2010 contaba con una población de 77 560 habitantes.

Referencias

Localidades de Bengala Occidental

Garulia


Eynedin (Farsça: عین الدین), İran'ın Doğu Azerbaycan Eyaleti'nin Bostanabad şehristanında bir köy.

Köyün ismi Arapça kökenlidir ve «dinin gözü» (aynü'd-din) anlamına gelir. Tebriz'den 66 kilometre aralıkta konulmaktadır. Tüm yüzölçümü 1200 hektardır. 2006 yılı verilerine göre köyün nüfusu 2514, hane sayısı 514'tür.

Bostanabad şehristanı'ndaki köyler

Eynedin


Somalijski građanski rat naziv je za niz dugogodišnjih, međusobno kratkotrajno isprekidanih oružanih sukoba od kraja 1980-ih do danas s elementima građanskoga rata u istočnoafričkoj državi Somaliji. Početak dugotrajnog sukoba predstavlja tzv. Somalijski ustanak, dvadesetogodišnji gerilski rat islamskih ekstremističkih skupina protiv komunističke vojne hunte na čelu s diktatorom Siadom Barreom. Unutardržavni sukob intenzivirao se ponovno 2006. godine, djelovanjem združenih islamističkih snaga Al-Kaide i Islamske Države protiv mirovnih misija Afričke unije i međunarodnoga savezništva na čelu sa Sjedinjenim Državama u sklopu Svjetskog rata protiv terorizma

Sukobu pogoduje i netrepeljivost većinskog muslimanskog i arapskog stanovništva prema vjerskim i etničkim manjinama, napose etiopskim kršćanima, kao i granični i međudržavni sporovi sa susjednim državama (pitanje Somalilanda i drugih samoproglašenih teritorija), Arapsko proljeća, uspon Islamske Države i radikalnog islamskog terorizma.

U razdoblju između 1991. i 2011. prema procjenama je poginulo između 350 i 500 tisuća vojnika i civila, a raseljeno je i prognano više od milijun ljudi, pretežno Somalijaca i Etiopljana.

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Procjene broja poginulih

Povijest Somalije
Građanski ratovi

Somalijski građanski rat


Debenhams plc was a British department store chain operating in the United Kingdom, Denmark and the Republic of Ireland. It was founded in 1778 as a single store in London and grew to 178 locations across those countries, also owning the Danish department store chain Magasin du Nord. In its final years, its headquarters were within the premises of its flagship store in Oxford Street, London. The range of goods sold included middle-to-high-end clothing, beauty, household items, and furniture.

The company suffered financial difficulties in the 21st century and entered administration twice, in April 2019 and April 2020. In November 2020, Debenhams' main concession operator Arcadia also entered administration, leading to the collapse of talks with JD Sports and Frasers Group over a potential rescue. As a result, Debenhams announced it would be liquidated.

The Debenhams brand and website were purchased by the online retailer Boohoo for £55m in January 2021. However, Boohoo did not retain any stores, meaning the loss of up to 12,000 jobs. Boohoo relaunched the website as Debenhams.com on 12 April 2021 under their own company, Debenhams.com Online Limited, when Debenhams' stores reopened to begin closing down sales following a relaxation of some COVID-19 restrictions. After 243 years in business, the remaining Debenhams department stores closed for the final time during May 2021.

History

18th and 19th centuries

The business was formed in 1778 by William Clark, who began trading at 44 Wigmore Street in London as a drapers' store. In 1813, William Debenham became a partner and the corporate name changed to Clark & Debenham. The shop was later renamed Cavendish House and sold drapery, silks, haberdashery, millinery, hosiery, lace, and family mourning goods. As the trade grew, the partners determined to expand the business by opening branches in Cheltenham and Harrogate.

By 1823, Clark & Debenham had opened a small drapery business at 3 Promenade Rooms, Cheltenham, selling a selection of silks, muslins, shawls, gloves, lace and fancy goods. In 1837, Clark retired from the business and Debenham took two of his most trusted staff, William Pooley and John Smith, as partners, trading in both London and Cheltenham as Debenham, Pooley & Smith. By 1840, the management of the Cheltenham branch appears to have been given to Clement Freebody, Debenham's brother-in-law. Around 1843, another branch shop was launched in Harrogate.

Extended and refurbished premises opened in Cheltenham in October 1844. Pooley and Smith retired from the business in 1851 when Debenham took his son, William, and Clement Freebody into partnership, trading as Debenham, Son & Freebody. At this time all three shops in London, Cheltenham, and Harrogate were trading in similar goods and issued a joint catalogue, called the Fashion Book, that was the basis of an extensive mail-order trade. In 1876 when Freebody retired, a new partnership, Debenham & Hewitt, was formed. George Hewitt appears to have worked at the Cheltenham store as a draper's assistant during the early 1860s but details of his subsequent career are not known. By 1883, George Hewitt was the sole owner of the Cheltenham business, Frank and William Debenham having withdrawn to manage the London store as a separate concern.

20th century

The business was incorporated as Debenhams Limited in 1905. A new headquarters building, which was designed by William Wallace and James Glen Sivewright Gibson and built by Trollope & Colls, was completed in Wigmore Street in 1908. Debenhams at this time did not operate any other department stores, but did supply to others across the country via its wholesale business. It was because of the debts owed to them through their wholesaling deals that they acquired control over Marshall & Snelgrove at Oxford Street and Harvey Nichols in Knightsbridge in 1919. The business at this time was run by Ernest Debenham and his close friend Frederick Oliver. In 1926, Oliver retired, and upon the advice of the Whitehall Trust, Debenhams Securities was formed to buy Olivers share in the business, with Ernest Debenham as chair and being joined by Frederick Richmond and Maurice Wright.

However during the mid 1920s, several new investment groups were created and started buying up regional drapers and department stores. Clarence Hatry had created the Drapery Trust in 1925, while Charterhouse Bank's company, Charterhouse Investments Trust under Sir Arthur Wheeler, 1st Baronet had created United Drapery Stores in 1927, and Selfridge Provincial Stores was created by James White and Gordon Selfridge in 1926. These were seen to be a threat to Debenhams wholesale business, as they would lose the sales to these new combined groups. Frederick Richmond and Maurice Wright thought it was too late to start creating a provincial group, so started negotiations with Clarence Hatry in 1927 to purchase the Drapery Trust. By November the deal was agreed for £2,350,000, mostly funded through Hatry's company Austin Friars Trust purchasing £1,600,000 of Debenhams shares.

As part of the deal, Ernest Debenham was forced out of the business, along with his son Peter. In a letter to The Times, Ernest wrote

The new enlarged company was offered to the public in February 1928, with the release of 2 million preference shares through merchant bank M. Samuel & Co, with the company being first listed on the London Stock Exchange later that year. In 1929, as part of his fraudulent plan to raise the cash for his deal to purchase United Steel, Hatry forged £478,100 of shares in the Drapery Trust, but by September 1929 he had confessed to his crimes. The connection of Clarence Hatry to Debenhams plunged the company into a crisis once his finances started to unravel, in addition to the Drapery Trust dividend collapsing and its export business diving due to the economy. Maurice Wright completed a rewriting of the capital in 1934,  and merged the three operations, Debenhams, Debenhams Securities and Drapery Trust, slashing the company's issued capital from £15,100,000 to £6,000,000. Wright would later be made Managing Director, before becoming Chairman in 1948.

During the 1930s and 40s, the company continued to expand, becoming the biggest department store company in the country by 1948, with the stores retaining their original names until a reorganisation in the 1970s. In 1944 the company announced a post-tax profit of £249,605. An example of these acquisitions was the purchase of the Norwich stores of Buntings and Chamberlains in 1949, leading to them controlling four of the city's department stores. In 1959 the business failed in a takeover of rival department store group Harrods, rivalling United Drapery Stores and eventual winner House of Fraser.

The company closed several branches in 1970, with Birmingham (Marshall & Snelgrove, formerly Warwick House), Manchester (Marshall & Snelgrove in St Annes Place), Sheffield (Marshall & Snelgrove, Leopold Street) and Southsea (Plummers, Palmerston Road) properties being sold by auction. In 1972, United Drapery Stores made an offer to purchase Debenhams, along with interest from Sears plc and Tesco, but were fought off by chairman Sir Anthony Burney. In 1976 the company acquired Browns of Chester. It remained the only one of the company's UK stores to have retained an individual identity until all stores closed in 2021. The business diversified during the 1970s buying South East based supermarket group Cater Brothers in 1972, after the death of its chairman Leslie Cater. Using the new purchasing power Debenhams modernised its 40 food halls within its stores, branding them Cater's Food Halls, and opened two new Cater superstores. However the business declined in the intense marketplace and in 1979 the chain was sold to Allied Suppliers who converted the Cater stores into their Presto format. Other diversifications included Greens Cameras & High-Fi and New Dimension, a home furniture and furnishing business. The company continued to open new stores, with Mansfield, Stirling and Eltham being opened in 1977. The company at times struggled in the 1970s, with a former chief executive stating it had

Debenhams was targeted three times during the 1980s by the Animal Liberation Front in protest at the sale of animal furs in stores. Stores in Romford, Luton, and Harrow were fire-bombed by members, the worst attack being on the Luton store. As a result, the company stopped selling clothes with animal furs. It was alleged by Caroline Lucas MP in a debate in Westminster Hall that Bob Lambert, a then undercover police officer, planted the fire bomb that caused £340,000 worth of damage to the Harrow branch of Debenhams in 1987. It is unclear if anything has come of these allegations as of March 2014.

In 1985 the company was acquired by the Burton Group. At the time of the takeover deal, Burtons claimed,

Following the closure of the store in Dudley in January 1981 and the Birmingham store in 1983, the company's only store in the West Midlands for the next six years was a town centre store in Walsall. On 4 November 1989, it opened a store at the Merry Hill Shopping Centre in Brierley Hill.

Debenhams entered Ireland as the anchor store at the Jervis Shopping Centre in Dublin in 1996, and then established a second anchor store at Mahon Point Shopping Centre in Cork in 2005.

Debenhams demerged from the Burton Group in January 1998 and was once again listed as a separate company on the London Stock Exchange. It expanded under the leadership of Belinda Earl who was appointed CEO in 2000.

21st century

Debenhams opened its largest British store on 4 September 2003, at the new Bull Ring shopping centre in Birmingham.  The new store contained 19,230 sq m and opened 20 years after the company closed its Birmingham city centre store due to declining trade. A private consortium named Baroness Retail Limited acquired the company in November 2003, and it returned to a listing on the London Stock Exchange in 2006. The consortium comprised CVC Capital Partners, Texas Pacific Group, Merrill Lynch Global Private Equity, and management.

On 8 August 2006, it was announced that Debenhams would buy the leaseholds of nine of the 11 Roches Stores department stores in Ireland for €29 million. Under the deal, the stores, including those in St. Patrick's Street in Cork and Henry Street in Dublin would be rebranded as Debenhams stores. The Roche family retained the ownership of the stores, and Debenhams became the new tenants.

The company purchased the brand name and stock of Principles in March 2009 after the business entered administration. Principles operated concessions within 121 Debenhams stores, and was subsequently relaunched by Ben de Lisi as part of the Designers at Debenhams range. In November 2009, Debenhams acquired the Danish department store group Magasin Du Nord for £12.3 million. The company operates six stores in Denmark under the Magasin brand.

In July 2010 Debenhams purchased the 115 Faith concessions trading within its stores, after Faith entered administration. In April 2012 the company announced it would be building 14 new stores, and was in negotiations over a further 25 sites in the UK. Debenhams agreed to become the anchor store at the Riverside shopping centre in Shrewsbury. By September 2012, the company announced that like-for-like sales had risen by 3.3% in the six months up to that date.

Debenhams moved to a new headquarters in 2013, in Brock Street, London built by British Land. The company leased  of office space from British Land for 25 years. The company began a refurbishment of its flagship store in Oxford Street in 2013, which involved the installation of 180,000 aluminium tiles on the exterior of the building that appears to ripple with the wind. An existing floor was also converted to become a trading floor. The total cost of the refurbishment was in the region of £40 million, of which Debenhams contributed £25 million. The owner of the building, British Land, also contributed towards the cost. The refurbishment was due to be completed by February 2014.

The company's trading statement for the 17 weeks up to 28 December 2013 was released on 31 December 2013, and revealed a reduction in pre-tax profit from £115 million to £85 million. On 2 January 2014, the company's chief financial officer Simon Herrick resigned, following criticism of his financial decisions. On 13 January 2014 4.6% of Debenhams shares were bought by Sports Direct, the retailer run by Mike Ashley. The stock market purchase of 56.8 million shares (worth around £46m) was made without the prior knowledge of the Debenhams board. Sports Direct stated at the time it intends to be a supportive share holder. The Debenhams board responded by stating they are open-minded with regard to exploring operational opportunities to improve its performance. Sports Direct sold its shares on 16 January 2014, although they took out an option to buy further shares up to a total of 6.6%. In August 2017, it emerged that Ashley had secured 21% of the shares which gave him over 10% of voting rights in the company.

During 2017 Debenhams opened two new stores, one in Stevenage and one in Wolverhampton. The 80,000 sq ft Stevenage store was opened on 24 August 2017 at Roaring Meg Retail and Leisure Park by Celebrity fashion designer Julien MacDonald and local hero Jean Robinson, who had won a competition for the privilege. The store was the first to be designed under the vision of CEO Sergio Bucher, with a new layout and format with the emphasis on encouraging people to stay longer.
The second store to open during 2017 was the new 93,000 sq ft store at Wolverhampton's Mander Centre. The store was opened on 12 October 2017 as part of the centre's £35 million refurbishments, it was also Debenhams' first store in Wolverhampton. It was only the second to feature the new layout previously only seen in the Stevenage store, and only the second to feature the company's new deli-restaurant format Loaf & Bloom, only previously seen at Milton Keynes.

In February 2018, the company announced a reduction of up to 320 store management roles across the business by the end of March. Sports Direct increased its holding in the company to 29.7% on 2 March, just below the level whereby it would be required to submit a formal takeover approach.

Financial difficulties
After media speculation about Debenhams' survival, in 2018 the company announced the largest loss in its history, a pre-tax loss of £491 million, and the closure of up to 50 stores with the potential loss of 4,000 jobs.

On 9 April 2019, the company announced that they had gone into pre-pack administration.

On 26 April 2019, the company announced that in addition to rent reductions on all except 39 stores, 22 stores would close after Christmas 2019. This included the recently opened Wolverhampton store plus Altrincham, Ashford, Birmingham Fort, Canterbury, Chatham, Eastbourne, Folkestone, Great Yarmouth, Guildford, Kirkcaldy, Orpington, Slough, Southport, Southsea, Staines, Stockton-on-Tees, Walton-on-Thames, Wandsworth, Welwyn Garden City, Wimbledon and Witney.

On 6 April 2020, Debenhams confirmed it had filed a notice of intent to appoint administrators. CEO Stefaan Vansteenkiste said it was due to "unprecedented" circumstances caused by the COVID-19 lockdown and was to "protect [the] business, ... employees, and other important stakeholders". On 9 April 2020, the company went into administration.

On 9 April 2020, Debenhams confirmed it planned to close 11 stores in the Republic of Ireland with immediate effect.

In April 2020, Debenhams closed seven UK stores and was set to close five more when Coronavirus restrictions were lifted. This included the Croydon store that anchored the Centrale shopping mall (previously the Drummond Centre) that Debenhams had acquired when they took over the Kennards chain of stores, bringing to a close a trading period of more than 150 years from that site.

In July 2020, Debenhams was set to abandon its property in Princes Street in Edinburgh, which it leased from Legal & General, in order to make room for a £50m hotel. In the same month, Debenhams put itself up for sale to prevent it going into liquidation, hoping to find a buyer by September. In August 2020, the company announced it was cutting 2,500 job positions as a result of the economic effects of the pandemic. The job cuts affected store management positions; sales managers, visual merchandise managers, and selling support managers were set to be axed. According to the company, "The trading environment is clearly a long way from returning to normal. Such difficult decisions are being taken by many retailers right now, and we will continue to take all necessary steps to give Debenhams every chance of a viable future." In September 2020, Debenhams put its seven store Danish chain, Magasin du Nord, up for sale. Magasin Du Nord was later sold to German department store Peek & Cloppenburg for £120 million.

On 1 December 2020, after the collapse of talks with Arcadia (which went into administration the previous day) and JD Sports over a potential rescue, Debenhams announced it was going into liquidation, putting 12,000 jobs in 124 UK stores at risk unless the administrators could find buyers for all or parts of the business. With the company in administration and on the verge of liquidation, on 6 December 2020, Mike Ashley's Frasers Group was reported to be in talks to acquire Debenhams, though it was later reported that Ashley was mainly interested in using empty Debenhams stores to expand his other chains, including House of Fraser, Sports Direct and Flannels; taking 'vacant possession' would avoid redundancy costs for existing staff.

On 13 January 2021, Debenhams announced it would permanently shut six stores in England due to the COVID-19 lockdown. They included the flagship Oxford Street store in London, plus those in Worcester, Weymouth, Staines, Harrogate and Portsmouth; the move involved 320 job losses.

On 25 January 2021, it was announced that Boohoo had bought the Debenhams brand and website for £55m, but did not retain any of the remaining 118 stores, meaning the loss of up to 12,000 jobs. Boohoo relaunched the website as Debenhams.com in April that year. On 5 May 2021, the liquidator announced that all remaining UK stores would close on 15 May 2021, marking the end of Debenhams as a department store retailer in the UK after 243 years. Despite the closure in the UK, Debenhams in Middle East countries remained unaffected and continues its operations as of June 2023.

Products and services

In 1993 the company introduced the 'Designers at Debenhams' brand, the creation of then CEO Belinda Earl, Ben de Lisi and Spencer Hawken. The idea introduced designer names and brands such as Jasper Conran, John Rocha, Butterfly by Matthew Williamson, H! by Henry Holland, Star by Julien Macdonald, Frost French, Janet Reger, Ted Baker, St George by Duffer, Jeff Banks, and Ben de Lisi. The company also started selling goods under a number of brand names that it owned. In 2010, Debenhams announced the launch of four new designer names to its fashion range: Jonathan Saunders, Preen, Jonathan Kelsey, and Roksanda Ilincic.

Stores also contained concessions whereby other retailers could trade. Brands in stores include Oasis, Coast, Phase Eight and Warehouse. In June 2014, the company announced a trial of Sports Direct concessions in its Harrow and Southsea stores, which if successful would be expanded to other stores. This followed the purchase of a stake in Debenhams by Mike Ashley, the owner of Sports Direct, in January 2014. Later that year, Debenhams also launched trials of Costa Coffee and Mothercare concessions within stores.

In October 2016, the company announced it would begin to focus less on clothing and more on food, beauty products and gifts. It also hired the former lighting buying team of collapsed rival BHS to begin introducing new lighting departments in stores. Debenhams followed this in December 2016 with a plan to discontinue its Betty Jackson Black ladies fashion brand, and significantly reduce its Jeff Banks menswear range in favour of expanding the Hammond & Co. brand.

The company operated retail websites in the UK and Ireland, as well as a mobile-enabled website and mobile apps that allowed customers to shop the online range and scan product barcodes in store.

Debenhams provided store card and credit card services, operated by NewDay. Insurance products were also provided under the Debenhams brand by other financial companies. Debenhams also operated bureaux de change in selected stores. The company ran a loyalty card programme, branded the Debenhams Beauty Club, where customers could collect points with the purchase of health and beauty products.

Former stores and franchises

United Kingdom, Denmark and the Republic of Ireland
In 1956, Debenhams owned or controlled through its subsidiary, the Drapery Trust the following businesses, which it rated in different classes:

High class stores
Barrance & Ford (Brighton)
Bradley's Furs (Chepstow Place)
Debenham & Freebody
Harvey Nichols & Co (2 branches)
Marshall & Snelgrove (12 branches)
Stanley (Birmingham)
Williams & Hopkins
Woolland Brothers

Medium class stores
Affleck & Brown
Adnitt Brothers
William Baker & Co
V H Bennett
Bobby & Co. (9 branches)
Buntings
Dust & Co
Elliston & Cavell
Gardiner & Co
Garland & Sons
Griffin & Spalding
Handleys
Haymans
William Hill (Hove)
John K Hubbard
C Morrish & Son
Pendlebury & Co
Plummer Roddis (13 branches)
E P Rose & Son
Swan & Edgar
Thornton-Varley
Wellsteeds

Popular class stores

Arnolds
Bon Marche (Gloucester)
Bon Marche (part of Edwin Jones- 2 branches)
Clinton Restaurants
Curl Brothers
Dawson Brothers (London)
N Dudley
Z Dudley
James G. Farmer
Footman Pretty & Co
Jermyn & Sons
Jones & Co
Edwin Jones & Co (2 branches)
Kennards (2 branches)
Kennards (Staines)
Lefevre (Gillingham)
Wm Lefevre
Nicholsons
Pauldens (2 branches)
E Pretty & Co
Sherriff & Ward
J C Smiths (3 branches)
Sopers (of Harrow)
Spooner & Co
Staddons (Plaistow)
Style & Gerrish

In addition, the business ran several wholesale businesses including, amongst others Debenhams Wholesale, Chamberlins, DLMS and St Aldate Warehouse.

As of December 2020, the company owned and operated 124 stores in the United Kingdom, and 7 under the Magasin du Nord brand in Denmark. Debenhams occupied the most sites of any of the traditional department store groups in the UK. The majority of the original trading names of the stores, in each of their respective locations, were replaced with the "Debenhams" name during the 1970s. All the department stores in the group traded as "Debenhams" (although the store in Chester was still dual-signed as Debenhams and Browns of Chester).

In April 2020, stores operated in the Republic of Ireland by Debenhams Ireland ceased trading with the loss of nearly 2,000 jobs.

International franchises
Operating

In the Middle East the franchise license is held by the Alyshaya Group, the first store in the Middle East opened in 1997 in Bahrain. The store now operates in Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Oman and Qatar alongside Bahrain. They also operate a beauty chain called Debenhams Cosmetics in the same countries (Debenhams Cosmetics operate solely in Debenhams stores).

Defunct

Debenhams opened in Malaysia in 2003 first at Berjaya Times Square in Kuala Lumpur. In 2006 Debenhams exited Malaysia but in 2008 it returned after finding a new master franchiser, the stores were still operating in 2019 at The Curve and Gurney Paagon but later closed.

The first store in the Philippines opened in 2005, the brand was previously operated by the SSI Group and were located at Shangri-la Plaza, Abreeza, and a shop-in-shop inside Rustan's Glorietta 3.

In 2006 a store opened in Russia on Krasnaya Presnya Street but in 2007 the store closed, Debenhams re-entered the Russian market in 2012 with a store opened in Russia at MEGA Belaya Dacha.  This store closed down in 2016, with the brand leaving the country entirely in 2017.

In 2010 they entered Malta, the two stores closed in 2021.

A store opened at Bulgaria Mall in Sofia, Bulgaria in 2012 and was the 71st international store. Also in 2012 a store opened at Lippo Mall Kemang in Indonesia, however on 31 December 2017 the store at Senayan City was closed and with this the brand left Indonesia. Another store opened in Pakistan in the same year and the last location at Dolmen Mall Clifton in Karachi closed in September 2020 and Debenhams left the country.

In 2017 a store opened in Australia at Melbourne's St. Collins Lane, the store was closed in January 2020.

References

External links

  – official site
 Debenhams – corporate site

1778 establishments in England
2020 disestablishments in England
British companies disestablished in 2020
British companies established in 1778
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
Companies that have entered administration in the United Kingdom
CVC Capital Partners companies
Defunct retail companies of the United Kingdom
Kamani family
Private equity portfolio companies
Retail companies disestablished in 2020
Retail companies established in 1778
Defunct department stores of Australia
Defunct department stores of the United Kingdom

Debenhams


USS Blue Ridge (AGC-2) was an Appalachian-class amphibious force flagship in the United States Navy. She was named for the southeasternmost ridge of the Appalachian Mountains in Virginia and North Carolina.

Commissioning
Blue Ridge was built by the Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, Kearny, New Jersey, under a Maritime Commission contract. The ship was launched on 7 March 1943 under the sponsorship of Mrs. David Arnott. Blue Ridge was transferred to the Navy on 15 March 1943. The Bethlehem Steel Company of Brooklyn, New York, outfitted the ship as an amphibious force flagship and was commissioned on 27 September 1943..

Service history

1943-1944
Following trial runs in Long Island Sound, Blue Ridge departed New York on 8 October 1943, to train in the Chesapeake Bay Area out of Norfolk, Virginia. On 1 November, the ship put to sea with two destroyers, bound for the South Pacific. After transit of the Panama Canal, Blue Ridge called at the Society, New Caledonia and Fiji Islands, en route to Brisbane, Australia, arriving on 16 December 1943. She pulled out of Brisbane three days later for Milne Bay, New Guinea where 24 December 1943, she became the flagship of Rear Admiral Daniel E. Barbey, USN, Commander Seventh Amphibious Force. She served as the command ship for amphibious operations westward along the New Guinea Coast until 13 October 1944. On that day, Blue Ridge left Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) as the flagship of Rear Admiral Barbey's Northern Attack Force bound for the liberation of the Philippine Islands.

On the night of 19/20 October 1944 Blue Ridge and her formation stood through the swept part of Surigao Strait, between Homonhon and Dinagat Islands and entered San Pedro Bay, Leyte, Philippine Islands. She served as a command ship for troops storming the beaches at Leyte the morning of 20 October, and continued in support of the amphibious assault landings for six days. The ship's gunners drove off an enemy reconnaissance plane 23 October. The morning of 25 October, a torpedo-bomber made a run along her port side, coming in from her port quarter, and was shot down by her forward 40 mm gunners. That afternoon, the ship fired on 11 enemy planes of various types attacking the transport area.

The morning of 26 October 1944, Blue Ridge helped fight off five enemy bombers that attacked her formation. That afternoon she helped drive away three more enemy bombers. Several bombs fell in the vicinity during this action, but only one exploded close enough to shake the command ship. As she kept watch off the Leyte beaches, the three-pronged attack of the Japanese Fleet met disaster in the Battle of Surigao Strait, the Battle off Samar and the Battle off Cape Engaño. She stood out of San Pedro Bay in the night of 26 October 1944 to stage at ports of New Guinea in preparation for the liberation landings to be made at Lingayen. She remained the flagship of Vice Admiral Barbey who was designated commander of the San Fabian Attack Force 78. Besides Admiral Barbey and his staff, she embarked Major General Innis P. Swift, commanding the I Army Corps, and Major General Leonard F. Wing, commanding the 43rd Infantry Division, together with their personal staffs.

Blue Ridge led the San Fabian Attack Force from Aitape, New Guinea on 28 December 1944. An aerial snooper was driven off by gunfire on 2 January 1945 and covering escort carrier aircraft shot down a bomber twenty miles out from her formation the following day. The night of 4 January 1945 the command ship followed a covering group of cruisers and destroyers through Surigao Strait to enter the Mindanao Sea. On the afternoon of 5 January an enemy submarine fired on the covering group, ten miles ahead, and was forced to surface and rammed by destroyer . Enemy planes attacked the formation 7 January; two being shot down by pilots of the Combat Air Patrol, and three fell victims to combined anti-aircraft fire of the formation. That night four destroyers sank a Japanese destroyer eleven miles to the east of Blue Ridge. The command ship helped repel six enemy planes on 8 January 1945 and entered Lingayen Gulf before daybreak of 9 January. Troops stormed ashore that morning, some two hours after a single-engine enemy aircraft sneaked through cover of night, strafed to a point forward of the bow, barely missed the bridge, then overshot and dropped bombs about 500 yards off her port bow. The ship was not damaged and suffered no casualties. During the initial landings, three air attacks came close enough to be a threat to Blue Ridge, but veered off in the face of heavy anti-suicide swimmers and small fast suicide boats. To combat this threat, a patrol boat was kept circling Blue Ridge and all shipboard security patrols were strengthened.

1945
On 13 January 1945 Chief Storekeeper H. G. Williamson reported on board Blue Ridge. He was an escaped prisoner of war, having been captured by the Japanese on 18 January 1942, while attached to the Naval Air Station at Cavite. He had escaped on 15 March 1942 and had remained in hiding near San Fabian since then. Williamson was returned to duty at the Naval Base and Blue Ridge departed Lingayen Gulf on 15 January 1945. The ship continued to serve as Vice Admiral Barbey's flagship at San Pedro Bay and Subic Bay until 8 June 1945. Two days later, Blue Ridge was underway for Saipan and then to Pearl Harbor when she became the flagship of Rear Admiral Jerauld Wright, Commander Amphibious Group Five on 30 June 1945. She hauled down his flag on 20 July and entered the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard for alterations and repairs.

Blue Ridge departed Pearl Harbor on 8 September 1945 and reached Buckner Bay, Okinawa, on 22 September. That afternoon, she hoisted the flag of Rear Admiral Ingolf N. Kiland, Commander Amphibious Group Seven. The ship got underway on 21 October to serve as a command ship at Tsingtao, China, arriving 24 October 1945. Rear Admiral Kiland shifted his flag to  on 6 November 1945 and Blue Ridge became the flagship of Rear Admiral Albert G. Noble, Commander Amphibious Group One.

1946-1947
The ship departed Tsingtao for Jinsen, Korea on 13 December 1945, then returned off Taku Bar before proceeding to Shanghai, China. She arrived in the Woosung Anchorage of the Yangtze River on 22 December 1945, and served as station command ship for Naval Forces there until 24 February 1946, when the ship departed Shanghai for Hawaii. After a brief stay at Pearl Harbor, she was routed to the western seaboard, arriving at San Pedro, Los Angeles on 18 March 1946. The ship entered the Naval Shipyard at Terminal Island to prepare for participation in "Operation Crossroads", the atomic bomb tests to be carried out at Bikini Atoll, Marshall Islands.

Blue Ridge departed San Francisco on 12 June 1946, touching at Honolulu, Hawaii, en route to Kwajalein Atoll where she arrived 28 June 1946. Here the ship completed embarking general and flag officers of the Army, Navy and Marine Corps along with United Nations officials for transportation to Bikini Atoll to observe Atomic Bomb Tests. She hoisted the flag of Vice Admiral Harry W. Hill. The senior officer on board was Vice Admiral Edward L. Cochrane, Chief of the Bureau of Ships. Also on board were Vice Admiral George F. Hussey and Vice Admiral Alfred E. Montgomery.

The ship arrived at Bikini Atoll on 29 June 1946, serving as one of the command and observation ships off Bikini during the Atomic Bomb Test "Able" on 1 July. Thereafter, she called at Ponape and Truk in the Caroline Islands, then proceeded to Kwajalein where, on 23 July, Blue Ridge became the flagship of Rear Admiral C. C. Glover. The ship again served as observation flagship for the atomic bomb test of 24 July, hauled down Rear Admiral Glover's flag on 27 July, and sailed for home on 30 July. She arrived at San Francisco inactivation overhaul in the Naval Shipyard at Terminal Island; she decommissioned on 14 March 1947.

The ship remained in reserve until 1 January 1960, when her name was struck from the Navy List. She was sold for scrapping 26 August 1960 to Zidell Exploration Incorporated, Portland, Oregon.

Awards
USS Blue Ridge (AGC-2) received the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with two battle stars and other awards for the operations listed below:
 One Star/Leyte operation : Leyte Landings: 13–30 October 1944
 One Star/Luzon operation : Lingayen Gulf Landings: 9–14 January 1945
 China Service Medal : 22 September 1945 – 24 February 1946
 World War II Victory Medal (United States)
 Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia Clasp) : 22 September 1945 – 24 February 1946
 Philippine Republic Presidential Unit Citation Badge

References

External links
navsource.org: USS Blue Ridge

Appalachian-class command ships
Ships built in Kearny, New Jersey
1943 ships
World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States

USS Blue Ridge (AGC-2)


La saison 2021-2022 du championnat de Tunisie masculin de handball est la  édition de la compétition. Elle est disputée en deux phases, une première où toutes les équipes se rencontrent en aller et retour en deux groupes et une seconde en deux poules : play-off et play-out.

Le , le Club africain remporte le championnat dans les dernières secondes, face à l'Espérance sportive de Tunis sur le score de 33 à 32. À 17 secondes de la fin du match, le ballon est dans les mains des espérantistes, à qui un résultat nul suffisait pour remporter le titre. Toutefois, le Club africain inscrit le but de la victoire à cinq secondes de la fin du match pour remporter lors de la dernière journée son treizième titre en championnat.

Équipes participantes

Compétition
Le barème de points servant à établir le classement se décompose ainsi :
 Victoire : 2 points ;
 Match nul : 1 points ;
 Défaite : 0 point ;
 Forfait et match perdu par pénalité : -1 point (résultat comptabilisé : 0-6).

Première phase

Groupe A
Le classement final et les résultats du groupe A sont :

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Groupe B
Le classement final et les résultats du groupe B sont :

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|}

Deuxième phase

Play-off
Le classement final et les résultats du play-off est le suivant :

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|}

Play-out
Le classement final et les résultats du play-out est le suivant :

|valign=top align=left width=50%|

|}

Champion

 Entraîneur :  Mohamed Messaoudi
 Joueurs : Marouane Soussi, Haythem Rezig et Seifeddine Zairi (GB), Selim Hedoui, Zoubeir Gouri, Mohamed Ali Bhar, Mouadh Ayari, Baha Ghabar, Hamza Mhadhbi, Chafik Boukadida, Wael Trabelsi, Yassine Bouteffaha, Ala Mustapha, Oussama Remiki, Makram Slama, Rami Hmam

Bilan de la saison

Notes et références

2021-2022
Handball M1
Tunisie

Championnat de Tunisie masculin de handball 2021-2022


Miami County is the name of four counties in the United States:

 Miami-Dade County, Florida
 Miami County, Indiana
 Miami County, Kansas
 Miami County, Ohio

Miami County


Pentaphylax, monotipski rod drveća ili grmova (4 do 10 metara visine) iz porodice Pentaphylacaceae. Jedina je vrsta P. euryoides koja raste po Kini, Malaji, Vijetnamu, Sumatri i Hainanu.

Sinonimi
 Pentaphylax arborea Ridl.
 Pentaphylax malayana Ridl.
 Pentaphylax racemosa Merr. & Chun
 Pentaphylax spicata Merr.

Izvori

Pentaphylacaceae

Pentaphylax


American Horror Story: NYC é a décima primeira temporada da série de televisão American Horror Story, do FX. A temporada estreou em 19 de outubro de 2022 e terminou em 16 de novembro de 2022.

Os membros do elenco que retornam de temporadas anteriores incluem Billie Lourd, Denis O'Hare, Leslie Grossman, Sandra Bernhard, Isaac Powell, Zachary Quinto, Patti LuPone e Rebecca Dayan, junto com novos membros de elenco Russell Tovey, Joe Mantello e Charlie Carver.

Sinopse
Em 1981, mortes e desaparecimentos de gays estão tomando conta da cidade de Nova Iorque, o principal suspeito é um homem alto que usa roupas de couro conhecido como Big Daddy. O detetive Patrick Read e o repórter Gino Barelli estão investigando para descobrir a identidade de quem está por de trás desses crimes. Durante a investigação, eles descobrem que estão sendo atacados pelo assassino do Mai Tai. Enquanto isso, a doutora Hannah Wells descobriu que um novo vírus está se espalhando entre a população de cervos de Fire Island e que os humanos da comunidade LGBT também parecem está adoecendo.

Elenco e personagens

Principal

 Russell Tovey como Patrick Read
 Joe Mantello como Gino Barelli
 Billie Lourd como Dra. Hannah Wells
 Denis O'Hare como Henry
 Charlie Carver como Adam Carpenter
 Leslie Grossman como Barbara Read
 Sandra Bernhard como Fran
 Isaac Powell como Theo Graves
 Zachary Quinto como Sam
 Patti LuPone como Kathy Pizazz

Recorrente
 Jeff Hiller como Sr. Whitely
 Quei Tann como Lita
 Clara McGregor como KK
 Brian Ray Norris como Detetive Mulcahey
 Kal Penn como Mac Marzara
 Taylor Bloom como Stewart
 Hale Appleman como Daniel Kanowicz
 Gideon Glick como Cameron Deitrich

Convidado
 Lee Aaron Rosen como Comandante Ross
 Jared Reinfeldt como John 'Sully' Sullivan
 Kyle Beltran como Morris
 Brian Cheney como Prefeito
 Danny Garcia como Chefe Manney
 Rebecca Dayan como Alana
 Casey Thomas Brown como Hans Henkes
 Sis como Dunaway
 Ralph Adriel Johnson como Frankie Del Rios
 Alexandre Bagot como Tom
 Kieran Brown como Patrick Read jovem
 Chris Henry Coffey como Pai de Patrick

Episódios

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Produção

Desenvolvimento
Em 9 de janeiro de 2020, American Horror Story foi renovada para a décima terceira temporada. Em 2 de agosto de 2022, o presidente da FX, John Landgraf, afirmou que a décima primeira temporada estrearia no outono boreal. Em 29 de setembro de 2022, a FX anunciou que o título da temporada seria NYC e que estrearia em 19 de outubro de 2022.

Escolha de elenco
Em 9 de agosto de 2022, Billie Lourd, Isaac Powell, Sandra Bernhard e Charlie Carver foram vistos filmando a décima primeira temporada. Em 10 de agosto de 2022, o site Deadline confirmou o retorno dos atores Zachary Quinto e Patti LuPone à série junto com o novo membro Joe Mantello. Em 29 de agosto de 2022, Denis O'Hare confirmou através do seu Twitter que retornaria para a décima primeira temporada. Em 29 de setembro de 2022, Leslie Grossman e Rebecca Dayan foram confirmadas para retornar à série junto com os novos membros Russell Tovey e Kal Penn. Em 10 de outubro de 2022, Sis e Kyle Beltran se juntaram ao elenco da décima primeira temporada.

Filmagens
As filmagens começaram em junho de 2022.

11
Temporadas de séries de televisão de 2022
2022 na televisão nos Estados Unidos

American Horror Story: NYC


Bardoňovo este o comună slovacă, aflată în districtul Nové Zámky din regiunea Nitra, pe malul râului . Localitatea se află la , se întinde pe o suprafață de  și în 2017 număra 695 de locuitori.

Istoric
Localitatea Bardoňovo este atestată documentar din 1269.

Note

Legături externe

Localități din Slovacia

Bardoňovo


Radio Albacete es la emisora de radio de la Cadena SER en Albacete y su provincia, que se emite desde el 100.3 de FM y 1116 de AM. Tiene su sede en la avenida de la Estación, 5 de Albacete y su actual directora es Justina Gómez. Es la emisora decana en Castilla-La Mancha y una de las más antiguas del país.

Historia
Radio Albacete fue la primera emisora de radio que existió en Albacete. Nació en 1934 con el nombre de EAJ 44, comenzando sus emisiones el 4 de marzo en un ático de la calle Teodoro Camino. Fue fundada por la familia Cuevas, muy vinculada al periodismo.

Programacíon
Generalmente emite la programación nacional de la Cadena SER, pero tiene varias citas de programación provincial:
Hoy por hoy Albacete: De 12.30 a 14  repasa la actualidad local con entrevistas, reportajes, debates...

Ser deportivos Albacete: De 15:20 a 16 Juanma Sevilla habla sobre todo lo relevante al deporte provincial, especialmente del Albacete Balompié con tertulias, entrevistas y humor. Los jueves y viernes es presentado por Juanma Sevilla.

También colabora con la realización de los programas de la SER a nivel regional como La ventana de Castilla-La Mancha o A vivir Castilla-La Mancha.

Frecuencias

Enlaces externos

  Web de Radio Albacete Cadena SER.

Emisoras de la Cadena SER
Economía de la provincia de Albacete
Emisoras de radio de Castilla-La Mancha
Instituciones y organismos con sede en Albacete
Cultura de Albacete

Radio Albacete


بطولة العالم للأندية 2005 أقيمت في اليابان في الفترة من 11 ديسمبر إلي 18 ديسمبر 2005، ويشارك في البطولة أبطال قارات العالم الست وتقام بنظام خروج المغلوب من مباراة واحدة.و يتم إعفاء بطلي أوروبا وأمريكا الجنوبية من خوض الدور التمهيدي الذي يتقابل فية أبطال القارات الأربع الأخرى كما يلي:

الفرق المشاركة في البطولة

الدور التمهيدي

الدور نصف النهائي

مباراة تحديد المركز الخامس

مباراة تحديد المركز الثالث

المباراة النهائية

هدافو البطولة

هدفين
 أموروزو
 بيتر كراوتش
 محمد نور
 ألفارو سابوريو

هدف
 حمد المنتشري
 عماد متعب

 ستيفن جيرارد
 دوايت يورك
 ديفيد كارني
 رونالد غوميز
 جوزيف جوب
 محمد كالون
 روجيريو سيني
 مينيرو
 كريستيان بولانيوس

المصادر

أحداث ديسمبر 2005 الرياضية
كرة القدم الأسترالية في 2005
كرة القدم الإنجليزية في 2005–06
كرة القدم البرازيلية في 2005
كرة القدم السعودية في 2005-06
كرة القدم الكوستاريكية في 2005–06
كرة القدم اليابانية في 2005
كرة القدم في 2005
مسابقات كأس العالم للأندية لكرة القدم
منافسات كرة قدم دولية للأندية تستضيفها اليابان

بطولة العالم للأندية 2005


The Keepers Of Jericho - Parte I es un álbum tributo dedicado al grupo de power metal Helloween publicado en el año 2000 que contiene versiones grabadas por otras bandas de temas de los discos Walls of Jericho (álbum), Keeper Of The Seven Keys Part 1 y Keeper Of The Seven Keys Part 2

Canciones
 «Guardians» - Rhapsody
 «I Want Out» - Sonata Arctica
 «A Little Time» - Heaven's Gate (banda)
 «Ride The Sky» - Metalium
 «I'm Alive» - Luca Turilli
 «Judas» - Morifade
 «Eagle Fly Free» - Vision Divine
 «Savage» - Brainstorm
 «Future World» - Labyrinth
 «Save Us» - Cydonia
 «Victim Of Fate» - Squealer
 «Halloween» - Dark Moor
 «How Many Tears» - Secret Sphere

Referencias

Álbumes de Alemania de 2000
Álbumes de power metal
Álbumes recopilatorios de 2000
Álbumes de Helloween

The Keepers Of Jericho - Parte I


Olaylar
 Martin Luther, Augsburg Barışı Antlaşması ile Protestanlık mezhebini ilan etmiştir.
 Kanuni Sultan Süleyman, Somali ve Sudan'ın doğu topraklarını ele geçirdi.
Osmanlı ve Sefevi devletleri arasında Amasiya sülhü bağlandı

Doğumlar

 François de Malherbe, Fransız şair, eleştirmen ve çevirmen

Ölümler
 Edirneli Nazmi, Osmanlı Devleti divan şairi (d. ?)

1555


ويندوز أن تي 4.0 هو نظام تشغيل رسومي موجه للأعمال صمم، ليعمل إما على الحواسيب أحادية المعالجات أو متعددة المعالجات. وويندوز أن تي إحدى إصدارات خط ميكروسوفت ويندوز إن تي لأنظمة التشغيل، وقد أطلق للتصنيع في 29-7-1996 (إصدارته العمومية في 24-8-1996). وهو نظام ويندوز 32-بت يتوفر للخوادم ومحطات العمل على حد سواء مع بيئة رسومية مشابهة لتلك الموجودة في ويندوز 95. وقد أتبعه ويندوز 2000 في 2-2000. يصنف ويندوز إن تي بأنه نظام تشغيل نواته هجينة.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية

إصدارات موقوفة من مايكروسوفت ويندوز
برمجيات 1996
تسريبات إنترنت
منتجات وخدمات توقفت في 2006
نظم تشغيل تعمل على باور بي سي
ويندوز إن تي

ويندوز إن تي 4.0


ثوب النوم أو النِيْم هو القميص الذي يلبس في الليل قبل النوم وقد يحتوي على ملحقات مثل الروب أو الملابس الداخلية.

معرض صور

المراجع

روابط خارجية

فساتين
لانجري
ملابس
ملابس داخلية
ملابس نوم

ثوب نوم


Vaterpolsko prvenstvo Kraljevine Jugoslavije za 1931. godinu je sedmi put zaredom osvojio Jug iz Dubrovnika.

Završnica prvenstva
Završnica vaterpolskog prvenstva Kraljevine Jugoslavije je održana od 7. do 9. kolovoza 1931. u Ljubljani u sklopu državnog prvenstva u plivanju i vaterpolu.
Sudjelovalo je sedam momčadi:
 SK Bob - Beograd
 DSK Jug - Dubrovnik
 Građanski SK - Karlovac
 Karlovačko Sportsko Udruženje (KSU) - Karlovac
 SK Ilirija - Ljubljana
 ASK Primorje - Ljubljana
 SK Jadran - Split

Rezultati

• n/o znači da susret nije odigran

Konačni poredak
 Jug Dubrovnik
 Jadran Split
 Ilirija Ljubljana
 Primorje Ljubljana
 Bob Beograd
 KSU Karlovac
 Građanski Karlovac

Poveznice
 Jugoslavenska vaterpolska prvenstva

Izvori
 list Sportista, Beograd, kolovoz 1931. godine
 list Jutro, Ljubljana, kolovoz 1931. godine

1931.

Prvenstvo Kraljevine Jugoslavije u vaterpolu 1931.


Angers Sporting Club de l'Ouest, obično nazivan Angers SCO ili jednostavno Angers, francuski je profesionalni nogometni klub iz Angersa. Klub je osnovan 1919. godine i igra u Ligueu 1. Domaće utakmice igra na stadionu Stade Raymond Kopa.

Vanjske poveznice
 Službena web stranica

Francuski nogometni klubovi

Angers SCO


Tadasuni (sardinski: Tadasùne) je grad i općina (comune) u pokrajini Oristanu u regiji Sardiniji, Italija. Nalazi se na nadmorskoj visini od 180 metara i ima 152 stanovnika. Prostire se na 5,09 km². Gustoća naseljenosti je 30 st/km².Susjedne općine su: Ardauli, Boroneddu, Ghilarza i Sorradile.

Izvori

Općine u pokrajini Oristano

Tadasuni


Mustafa ef. Balizade (ponegdje i kao Mustafa ef. Bali-Zade) (?, 1580. – 1585. – Istanbul, 1662.), bio je 51. šejh-ul-islam u Osmanskom Carstvu.

Životopis
O datumu i mjestu rođenja Mustafe Balizadea ne postoje podatci, ali se pretpostavlja da je rođen između 1580. – 1585. Na osnovi podataka koje je dala u javnost Gazi Husrev-begova knjižnica u Sarajevu, saznajemo da se njegovo ime prvi put spominje 1603. godine, kada je počeo sakupljati zbirku fetva pod nazivom Mīzān el-Fetāvā. Njegov otac, Mustafa ef. bio je imam u jednoj od istanbulskih džamija, dok o djetinjstvu Mustafa ef. Balizade ne postoje nikakvi podatci. Završio je visoke škole o čemu svjedoči njegova položaj profesora u školi Sahn-i Seman u Istanbulu. Pisao je na arapskom i turskom jeziku. Godine 1656. izabran je za šejh-ul-islama, ali je već godinu dana poslije (1657.) s te dužnosti smijenjen. Umro je u Istanbulu, 1662. godine, gdje je i pokopan.

Mustafa ef. Balizade je bio jedan od dva Bošnjaka, koja su u Osmanskom Carstvu izabrana na dužnost šejh-ul-islama.

Djela
 Mīzān el-Fetāvā

Povezani članci
 Šejh-ul-islam
 Mehmed Refik Hadžiabdić

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
 Historija Foče: Šejhul-islam Mustafa ef. Bali-Zade (Balić)
 Mustafa Efendi, Bâlîzâde
 Gazi Husrev-begova knjižnica: Fond rukopisa

Bošnjaci u Osmanskom Carstvu
Povijest Istanbula

Mustafa Balizade


Jay Norwood Darling (October 21, 1876 – February 12, 1962), better known as Ding Darling, was an American cartoonist who won two Pulitzer Prizes. He was an important figure in the 20th century conservation movement and founded the National Wildlife Federation. In addition, he was known to be close friends with Walt Disney.

Early life

Darling was born in Norwood, Michigan, where his parents, Clara R. (Woolson) and Marcellus Warner Darling, had recently moved so that Marcellus could begin work as a minister. In 1886, the family moved to Sioux City, Iowa, where Darling developed an early appreciation for nature and wildlife during days spent wandering the prairie. He began to learn the importance of conservation as a youth after an uncle admonished him for shooting a wood duck during nesting season.

Darling began college in 1894 at Yankton College in South Dakota and moved to Beloit College in Wisconsin the following year, where he began his studies in pre-medicine and became a member of Beta Theta Pi. While at Beloit he became art editor of the yearbook and began signing his work with a contraction of his last name, D'ing, a nickname that stuck.

Editorial cartoons
In 1900, Ding became a reporter for the Sioux City Journal. Following his marriage to Genevieve Pendleton in 1906, he began work with the Des Moines Register and Leader. In 1911, he moved to New York and worked with the New York Globe but went back to Des Moines in 1913. Three years later, in 1916, he returned to New York and accepted a position with the New York Herald Tribune. By 1919, Darling returned a final time to Des Moines where he continued his career as a cartoonist, winning the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning in 1924 and again in 1943. His cartoons were published from 1917 to 1949 in the New York Herald Tribune.

Wildlife conservation

Darling penned some conservation cartoons and he was an important figure in the conservation movement. President Franklin Roosevelt appointed him to a blue ribbon Committee on Wildlife Restoration in 1934. FDR sought political balance by putting the Hoover Republican on the committee, knowing he was an articulate advocate for wildlife management.

Following the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act in 1934, which required waterfowl hunters to purchase a Federal Duck Stamp before hunting. Darling designed the first Federal Duck Stamp that year, and was appointed Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey, a forerunner of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

 The J. N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island in southwest Florida is named after him, as is the Lake Darling State Park in Iowa that was dedicated on September 17, 1950.  Lake Darling, a 9,600-acre lake at the Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuge is also named in his honor. More recently a lodge at the National Conservation Training Center near Shepherdstown, West Virginia was named in his honor.

Darling was elected as a member of the Boone and Crockett Club, a wildlife conservation organization, on December 13, 1934.

He was instrumental in founding the National Wildlife Federation in 1936, when President Franklin Roosevelt convened the first North American Wildlife Conference (now the North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference), administered by the American Wildlife Institute (now Wildlife Management Institute).

Awards

Darling twice received the Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning for his work with the Register & Tribune. Darling was first awarded the prize in 1924 for his work "In the Good Old USA" and again in 1943 for "What a Place For a Waste Paper Salvage Campaign".

He was awarded the Audubon Medal in 1960 by National Audubon Society for "outstanding achievement in the field of conservation and environmental protection".

See also

Jay Norwood and Genevieve Pendleton Darling House

References

External links

"The Story of the Ground Water Table" by J, N, "Ding" Darling
Biographical Information
The Editorial Cartoons of J. N. "Ding" Darling, the Cowles Library Collection at Drake University
The Editorial Cartoons of Ding Darling, Special Collections, the University of Iowa

1876 births
1962 deaths
American editorial cartoonists
American conservationists
American hunters
Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Cartooning winners
Beloit College alumni
People from Charlevoix County, Michigan
People from Sioux City, Iowa

Ding Darling


Malik-Shah (), also transliterated as Malek-Shah, Malikshah or Melikshah, may refer to:

 Malik-Shah I (1055–1092), sultan of Great Seljuq
 Malik-Shah II (), grandson of Malik Shah I, sultan of Great Seljuq
 Malik-Shah III (1152–1153), sultan of Great Seljuq
 Malik Shah (Rûm) (1110–1116), sultan of the Seljuq Sultanate of Rûm

Malik Shah


Candelaria ist eine philippinische Stadtgemeinde in der Provinz Quezon, in der Verwaltungsregion IV, Calabarzon. Sie hat  Einwohner (Zensus ), die in 25 Barangays lebten. Sie wird als Gemeinde der ersten Einkommensklasse auf den Philippinen eingestuft.

Ihre Nachbargemeinden sind Sariaya im Osten, San Juan im Südwesten, Tiáonğ und Dolores im Westen und der Berg Banahaw im Norden. Die Topographie der Stadt ist gekennzeichnet durch Flachländer, sanfthügelige und gebirgige Landschaften. Teile des Mounts-Banahaw-San-Cristobal-Nationalparks liegen auf dem Gebiet der Gemeinde.

Candelaria wird über den Maharlika Highway und durch die Eisenbahn mit der Bicol-Region und der Hauptstadtregion Metro Manila verbunden.

Baranggays

Weblinks

Ort auf den Philippinen

Candelaria (Quezon)


Teodosio Segundo Aguirre Páez (Salitrera Sur Laguna, Iquique, Chile, 11 de enero de 1910 - Santiago, Chile, 14 de septiembre de 2011) fue un futbolista chileno del Club de Deportes Badminton. Fue, hasta antes de su muerte, el jugador de fútbol profesional más longevo en Chile.

Biografía
Aguirre nació y fue criado en una oficina salitrera cercana a la ciudad de Iquique, donde ya se destacaba como futbolista amateur. Tras terminar sus estudios secundarios, ingresó a la Fuerza Aérea de Chile, donde fue compañero del exboxeador Arturo Godoy, del que terminaría siendo amigo, y ya para 1928 integraba la selección del Cantón Norte. El coronel José Bates, al tanto del talento del joven futbolista iquiqueño, decidió pedir su traslado a Santiago para que se incorporase como jugador del Club de Deportes Badminton, donde jugó desde antes de que ocho clubes de la Asociación de Fútbol de Santiago organizaran en 1933 el que es considerado el primer torneo oficial de la Asociación Central de Fútbol, convirtiéndose formalmente en futbolista profesional el año 1934. Dos años después pasó al Santiago Morning, recién nacido de la fusión entre el Morning Star y el Santiago, aunque más tarde volvió a su club de origen, en el que jugó hasta su retiro en 1944. Como atacante por la izquierda disputó un total de 104 partidos en 10 temporadas, y convirtió 44 goles.

Apodado como Cara de Bola, la especialidad de Aguirre fueron los centros, tiros libres y penales. Desde los doce pasos falló sólo una vez, en 1939, teniendo en frente a Sergio "Sapito" Livingstone, a quien consideraría como el segundo mejor jugador en la historia del fútbol chileno tras Raúl Toro Julio.

En 2007, Aguirre recibió un homenaje de Michelle Bachelet, en ese entonces Presidenta de Chile, en el Palacio de la Moneda.

Murió en Santiago, a los 101 años, a causa de un fallo cardíaco.

Clubes

Como futbolista

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Galería de imágenes

Nacidos en Iquique
Fallecidos en Santiago de Chile
Futbolistas de Chile
Futbolistas del Club de Deportes Badminton
Futbolistas del Club de Deportes Santiago Morning en los años 1930
Fallecidos por complicaciones cardiovasculares
Centenarios de Chile

Teodosio Aguirre


Les Echinolampadacea sont un ordre d'oursins irréguliers.

Systématique
L'ordre des Echinolampadacea a été créé en 2018 par , , , Derek Briggs,  et .

Caractéristiques

Ce sont des oursins irréguliers : ils ne sont pas ronds mais ovoïdes (parfois subpentagonaux) et souvent aplatis (sauf quelques groupes et les espèces minuscules). Leur anus (ainsi que parfois la bouche) s'étant déplacé vers un côté du test pour former un « arrière » (au lieu d'être au sommet de la face aborale), par opposition à un « avant », formant ainsi un axe antéro-postérieur (qui est aussi un sens de locomotion privilégié), assorti d'une symétrie bilatérale. Leur test arbore des ambulacres pétaloïdes larges et arrondis ; le disque apical est très réduit (tétrabasal ou monobasal). Chez certaines familles à la silhouette très aplatie, on observe des perforations naturelles appelées .

Les radioles sont courtes, fines et creuses, transformées en tapis velouté. Le péristome est petit, sans encoches buccales, et abrite un appareil brouteur (Lanterne d'Aristote), souvent en position centrale, contrairement à la plupart des autres irréguliers (à l'exception des Cassidulidae adultes).

Écologie et comportement

Ces oursins ont un régime sédimentivore : leurs radioles et podia filtrent le sédiment et en acheminent, via des sillons buccaux, les particules nutritives jusqu'à la bouche où les éléments nutritifs seront broyés par la lanterne d'Aristote. Ces oursins vivent plus ou moins enfouis dans le sédiment, que ce soit pour se nourrir ou se protéger de prédateurs.

Ces animaux peuvent parfois atteindre des densités de populations extrêmement importantes là où la nourriture est abondante, et forment une partie significative de la biomasse des grands fonds sablo-vaseux : de par leur régime sédimentivore, ils constituent ainsi des animaux d'une grande importance dans les processus biologiques à l'échelle de la Terre, et sont de grands pourvoyeurs de services écosystémiques.

Liste des ordres

Selon  :
 sous-ordre Cassiduloida Claus, 1880
 Super-famille Cassidulina (Philip, 1963b)
 famille Cassidulidae (L. Agassiz and Desor, 1847)
 Super-famille Neolampadina (Philip, 1963b)
 famille Neolampadidae (Lambert, 1918a)
 famille Pliolampadidae (Kier, 1962) †
 genre Kassandrina Souto & Martins, 2018
 sous-ordre Echinolampadoida Kroh & Smith, 2010
 famille Echinolampadidae Gray, 1851a
 sous-ordre Scutelloida Mongiardino Koch et al., 2018
 infra-ordre Laganiformes Desor, 1847
 famille Fibulariidae Gray, 1855
 famille Laganidae Desor, 1858
 infra-ordre Scutelliformes Haeckel, 1896
 famille Echinarachniidae Lambert in Lambert & Thiéry, 1914
 famille Eoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
 famille Protoscutellidae Durham, 1955 †
 famille Rotulidae Gray, 1855
 super-famille Scutellidea Gray, 1825
 famille Abertellidae Durham, 1955 †
 famille Astriclypeidae Stefanini, 1912
 famille Dendrasteridae Lambert, 1900
 famille Mellitidae Stefanini, 1912
 famille Monophorasteridae Lahille, 1896 †
 famille Scutasteridae Durham, 1955 †
 famille Scutellidae Gray, 1825
 famille Taiwanasteridae Wang, 1984
 famille Scutellinidae Pomel, 1888a †

Publication originale

Références taxinomiques

Notes et références

Bibliographie

Échinoderme (nom scientifique)
Echinoidea

Echinolampadacea


Fra Sønderjylland er en film med ukendt instruktør.

Handling
diverse klip fra Sønderjylland: Ved 'Bøndergårdene' i Haderslev, to mand går i have. Torvet i Haderslev med statue af tysk soldat. I dagbladet "Dannevirke's have ses Nicolaj Svendsen, Lebeck og Peter Fuglsang. Bag Domkirken i Haderslev. OVERSPRING. Præsten i Hoptrup. Det tyske mindesmærke i Tinglev. Udsigt over Åbenrå. Folkehjem med H.P. Hanssen og andre. Vandmølle. Sø. Marker med heste. Krigergrave ved Dybbøl. Dybbøl mølle. Mindesmærker. Fink foran gravstedet, med de to faldne danske dragoner, ved sit hus (De vog dem. Vi grov dem). Marker. Folk står i kø med madspande. Augustenborg. (?). Gamle koner. Natur. Landlig idyl. Heste og køer på marker. I en havn går danske soldater ombord i et mindre fartøj og sejler bort. Stor færge ses i baggrunden. Soldaterne sejler ud for at møde et dampskib med hjemvendende Sønderjyske krigsfanger (?)

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1919

Sønderjylland
Stumfilm fra Danmark

Fra Sønderjylland


Transgender Europe (TGEU) er en ikke-statslig organisation der arbejder for transkønnede rettigheder på europæisk plan. TGEU har medlemsorganisationer i hele Europa, herunder Danmark blandt andet LGBT Danmark og Transpolitisk Forum er medlem. TGEU har også samarbejdet med ILGA Europe (International lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex association). Den danske forening Trans-Danmark var i 2005 medstifter af TGEU og havde flere poster i Steering Committee frem til 2014, herunder Pia Nielsen, Karin Astrup, Tina Vyum og Erwin Jönck.

Kilder

Eksterne henvisninger

LGBT-organisationer
Etableret i 2005

Transgender Europe


Die Hohe Schwabenalb (siehe auch Westalb) ist der Naturraum 093 der Schwäbischen Alb im Südwestdeutschen Stufenland des Scherragaus. Der Naturraum ist weitgehend identisch mit dem kulturell definierten Großen Heuberg, umfasst aber auch nördlich davon gelegene Bereiche bis zum Starzeltal bei Burladingen, welches den Übergang zur Mittleren Schwäbischen Alb bildet.

Es handelt sich um eine in 900 bis 1000 Meter über NHN liegende verkarstete Hochfläche, die in ihrer räumlichen Ausdehnung rund 40 Kilometer von Spaichingen im Südwesten bis Burladingen im Nordosten reicht. Angrenzende Naturräume sind im Norden das Westliche Albvorland, im Nordosten die Mittlere Kuppenalb, im Süden Baaralb und Oberes Donautal und die Mittlere Flächenalb.

Die Hohe Schwabenalb fällt nach Osten und Süden ab. Im Norden wird die wellige Landschaft durch den Albtrauf und im Süden durch das Tal der Donau begrenzt. Den geologischen Untergrund bilden Massenkalke des Weißjura. Das Erscheinungsbild dominieren typische Karstformen wie flachmuldige Trockentäler, Höhlen, Blockhalden und Dolinen. Die Böden auf den Kuppen sind meist flachgründig bis felsig, in den Tälern hingegen tiefgründig mit Kalkschutt bedeckt und somit fruchtbar. Auf den Höhenzügen überwiegt das offene Land mit Grünland und an den Hängen der Wald.

Es herrscht ein raues, windiges Klima mit langem Winter.
Die ökologische Wertigkeit der Hohen Schwabenalb wird dadurch deutlich, dass effektiv 51,66 Prozent der Fläche als Schutzgebiete ausgewiesen sind. Durch Überschneidungen ergeben sind dabei 24,75 % FFH-Gebiete, 48,19 % Vogelschutzgebiete und 1,95 % Naturschutzgebiete.

Naturräumliche Gliederung
Die Hohe Schwabenalb gliedert sich wie folgt:
 093 Hohe Schwabenalb
 093.1 Randhöhen der hohen Schwabenalb
 093.10 Bära-Randhöhen
 093.11 Schlichem-Randhöhen
 093.12 Eyach- und Schmiecha-Randhöhen
 093.2 Großer Heuberg
 093.20 Westlicher Heuberg
 093.21 Östlicher Heuberg
 093.22 Die Hardt
 093.23 Südlicher Hardtrand
 093.3 Ostteil der Hohen Schwabenalb
 093.30 Raichberg-Kuppenalb
 093.31 Bitzer Hochalb

Literatur
 Friedrich Huttenlocher: Geographische Landesaufnahme: Die naturräumlichen Einheiten auf Blatt 178 Sigmaringen. Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Bad Godesberg 1959. → Online-Karte (PDF; 4,3 MB)

Weblinks

 Landschaftssteckbrief der Hohen Schwabenalb beim Bundesamt für Naturschutz

! Hohe Schwabenalb
Region in Baden-Württemberg
Landschaft in Europa
Geographie (Landkreis Tuttlingen)
Geographie (Landkreis Rottweil)
Geographie (Zollernalbkreis)
Geographie (Landkreis Sigmaringen)
Landschaft in Baden-Württemberg
Landschaft der Schwäbischen Alb

Hohe Schwabenalb


Çubuk, Ankara'nın bir ilçesidir. Ankara il merkezine 35 km uzaklıktadır. Osmanlı Devleti'nde Fetret Devri'ni başlatan Ankara Savaşı, Çubuk Ovası'nda gerçekleşmiştir. Türkiye'nin ikinci en büyük uluslararası havaalanı olan Esenboğa Uluslararası Havalimanı ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer alır.

Köken bilimi

Çubuk ve civarı Anadolu'nun Türkler tarafından fethi sırasında ilk ele geçen yerlerdendir. Bu bölgeyi, Selçuklu komutanlarından Çubuk Bey ele geçirmiştir. Çubuk adının buradan gelmiş olabileceği konusunda görüşler bulunmaktadır. Çubuk'un ilk adının Çubukabad (Çubuk'un abat ettiği yer) olması da bu görüşü desteklemektedir. Çubuk ilçesine bağlı olan Kışlacık, eski adı Ahurlar olan Yeşilkent, Yaylak, Okçular ve Çatköy köyleri de 1402 Ankara Savaşı sırasında Yıldırım Bayezid tarafından kullanılan yerler olup, kullanılış şekline göre adlandırılmıştır: Kışlacık; karargâh olarak, Yaylak; hayvan otlakları, Ahurlar; ahırların bulunduğu yer, Okçular ve Çatköy köyleri de vadiden gelecek olan düşmana karşı Osmanlı ordusu okçularının yerleştirildiği yerlerdir.

İlçenin tamamı Oğuz Boyu'nun Yazır, Kızık, Karkın, Peçenek, Çavuldur, Eymür, Büğdüz ya da Yıva kollarından gelme Türkmen'lerdir.

Buna örnek olarak köy adları örnek olarak gösterilebilir. Köy adlarının büyük bir kısmı 24 Oğuz Boyu'nun adlarından biri veya varyasyonlarıdır: Kızık, Çavundur, Büğdüz, Kargın gibi.

Tarihçe
Çubuk, ovaya ve içinden geçen çaya adını veren bir yerleşim merkezidir. Türklerin Anadolu'ya hâkim oldukları dönemde kurulan yerleşim yeri, Ankara'nın kuzeydoğusunda Karadeniz Bölgesi'nin geçiş kuşağında yer alır. Adını kurulduğu yerin yeşil olmasından almıştır. Çubuk, Ankara Savaşı ile birlikte tarihî önem kazanmıştır. İlçeyi oluşturan köylerin büyük bir kısmı Timur ile Osmanlı Devleti arasında yapılan Ankara Savaşı'nda yenilen veya yenen ordulardan geri kalanlar tarafından kurulmuştur.

İlk ve Orta Çağ'dan itibaren Kral ve İpek yolu güzergâhında bulunan ilçe toprakları, tarihî gelişim sürecinde, ister yerleşme, ister ekonomik faaliyetleri ile bazen hızlanan, bazen yavaşlayan dönemleri yaşayarak günümüze gelmiştir. Orta Anadolu bölgesinin geçiş kuşağında bulunan ilçe, Çubuk Ovası ve Çubuk Çayı'nın suladığı topraklar, dünden bugüne yerleşmenin yoğunlaştığı tarım alanlarıdır. Ankara'nın fethedilmesinden sonra kurulduğu tahmin edilen ilçe yerleşim alanı, tarih içinde Hattiler, Hititler, Frigyalılar, Romalılar, Bizanslılar, Selçuklu Hanedanı ve Osmanlı hâkimiyetinde kalmıştır. Bıraktıkları tarihî kalıntı ve izler; bu uygarlıkların kültür ve uygarlığını günümüze ulaştırmıştır.

Çubuk ve çevresinde ilk yerleşen Türk boyları genellikle harabe ve yüksek yerleri seçerek yeni iskân merkezleri kurmuşlardır. Bu nedenle bölgede Roma ve Bizans dönemi izlerine rastlanır. Çubuk'ta Balıkhisar mahallesindeki kalıntılar, Camili ve Çatköy'deki kale ve kalıntıları, Güldarpı mahallesinde yapılan kazılarda bulunan mermer aslan heykeli ve Yakup Derviş mahallesindeki mezar kalıntıları Roma ve Bizans dönemine ait kalıntılardır. Ayrıca Siyemi Sultan Türbesi, Kutuören Köyü Camii, Melikşah Köyü Taş Hamamı, Mahmutoğlan Köyü Camii ve Çubuk Karşıyaka Camii tarihî eserlerdendir.

Türklerin bölgeye yerleşmelerinin, Ankara'nın fethinden sonra gerçekleştiği kabul edilmektedir. Bölgeye gelen Türkler askerlerinin yanında ailelerini, gelenek, göreneklerini, inançlarını ve yol boyunca kazandıkları maddi, manevi kültür değerlerini de yanında getirmişlerdir.

İlçede bulunan Sele Mahalleninde türbesi olan Şah Kalender Veli, bir derviş olup, Horasan'dan gelen yörüklerdendir. İlçenin Cumhuriyet Mahallesi'nde (Çubuk Lisesi yanında) daha önce bulunan ve şimdi yerinde iskân edilen binaların bulunduğu Gül Baba türbesi (Zaviye) de döneme ait izler arasında yer alır.

Horasan'dan gelen erenler, Ankara ve çevresinin Türkleşmesinde öncü olmuşlardır. İlçe ve Ankara çevresi 1354 yılında Osmanlı Devleti hâkimiyetine katılmıştır. Osmanlı kaynaklarında Çubuk Bazarı, Çubukabad aslında yerleşim yeri olarak geçer. Abad: mamur, şen ve bayındır anlamına gelir. Evliya Çelebi 17. yüzyılda doğudan batıya doğru yaptığı seferi anlatırken; Çubuk Ovası'nı 10 gün boyunca gezdiğini ve burasının 150 akçelik kaza, 7 nahiye ve 70 mahalleden oluştuğunu belirtmektedir. Evliya Çelebi seyahatnamesinden anlaşılacağı üzere ilçenin 1648 yılında bir yerleşim yeri olduğu açıktır.

1873-1882-1883-1891-1893-1900-1902 ve 1907 yılları Ankara Vilayet Salnamelerine göre; Çubuk 1873-1903 yılları arasında Ankara Vilayeti'nin Ankara Sancağına bağlı bir kazadır. 1903 yılı itibarı ile Çubukabad 88 mahallesi ile Ankara Vilayeti'ne bağlı nahiyeye dönüştürülmüştür. 1907-1910 tarihleri arası Ankara merkez kazasına bağlı bir nahiyedir.
21 Ekim 1920'de TBMM başkanı Mustafa Kemal Paşa ve bakanlar kurulu imzasıyla tekrar kazaya dönüştürülen Çubuk'ta bulunan Ravlı (Akyurt) ve Sirkeli köyleri nahiye yapılmıştır. 1990 yılında Akyurt Çubuk'tan ayrılarak ilçeye dönüştürülmüş, 2005 yılında alınan kararla da Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi sınırları içerisinde yer almaya başlamıştır.

Mustafa Kemal Atatürk 1933 yılında; Melikşah Köyü'nde yer alan açık havuz şeklindeki Melikşah hamamını, 16.06.1935 tarihinde başbakan İsmet İnönü, Ali Çetinkaya, Cumhurbaşkanlığı Muhafız Alayı Komutanı binbaşı İsmail Hakkı Tekçe ile yaptığı gezide ziyaret ederek ilçeyi onurlandırmış ve halkın sıcak sevgisi ile karşılanmıştır. Çarşı merkezinde üzeri kapalı tutulan su kuyusu yanında hatıra fotoğrafı çektiren Atatürk ve maiyetindeki heyet ile birlikte şimdiki belediye binasının bulunduğu çay bahçesinde istirahat etmiş, halk ile sohbet ederek daha sonra Kışlacık Köyü ve Karagöl'ü ziyaret etmişlerdir. Aydos dağı yaylasında küçükbaş hayvancılığı geliştirmek amacıyla Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün emri ile yaylaya mandıra yapılmıştır. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk "Tarih, bir milletin kanını, hakkını ve varlığını hiçbir zaman inkâr edemez" diyerek tarihin önemini vurgulamıştır.

Ekonomi
İlçe ekonomisinin temeli tarım ve hayvancılığa dayalıdır. 'Esenboğa hava limanına koku salıyor' gerekçesi ile hayvancılıkta duraklama olmuştur. OSB adı altında 10 yıldır sürdürülen Organize Hayvancılık  Tesislerinde çalışmalar yavaş da olsa devam etmektedir. Son yirmi yıldır Turşuculuk sektör haline gelmiştir. Dünyaca ünlü çubuk turşularının üretim merkezi konumundadır. Her yıl eylül ayının ilk haftasında çubuk uluslararası turşu ve kültür festivali düzenlenmektedir. Nüfusun büyük kısmı artık tarım yerine çevre fabrikalarda özellikle Akyurt'ta çalışanlar, Ankara'nın değişik ilçelerinde memuriyet ve işçi olarak çalışmaktadır. Emekliler için ucuz ve sakin bir yerleşim yeridir.

Eğitim
1896 yılında Çubuk Rüştiye Mektebi'nin açılışı yapılmıştır. 1900 yılında Çubukabad İbtidai Mektebi inşa edilmiştir. Ankara vilayet salnamelerine göre Çubuk Kasabasında 7 mektep vardır. Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi ilçe sınırları içerisinde yer almaktadır.

Kültür
İlçede her yıl geleneksel olarak Çubuk Turşu ve Kültür Festivali, Aşure ve Birlik Günü, Akkuzulu Domates Şenliği festivalleri düzenlenir.

Çubukta  Çubuk Halk Kütüphanesi,  Çubuk Şehir Müzesi, Çubuk Devlet Hastanesi,  Halil Şıvgın Çubuk Devlet Hastanesi,  Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi, Türk Dünyası ve Komşuları Müzesi vardır. Yeşil Çubuk Parkı, Doktorlar Parkı, Adnan Menderes Parkı çubuğun büyük parklarıdır. Çubuğun mesire yerleri Akbayır Köyü Ormanı, Alveren mahallesi yaylası,  Hacılar mahallesi şelalesi, Yıldırım evci yaylası,  Meşeli yaylası, Yıldırımelören yaylası,  Aydos yaylası, Ay kayasıdır. Ayrıca Karagöl, Kayapınarı göleti, Kızılca göleti ve Kavşakkaya Barajı piknik ve dinlenme yerleri bulunmaktadır.

Nüfus
Çubuk ilçesi Ankara'nın nüfus bakımından 25 ilçesi arasında büyüklük olarak 11. sıradadır. İlçe 7 merkez mahalle olmak üzere, toplam 84 mahalleden oluşmaktadır. Merkez mahalleler hariç diğer 77 mahallenin tamamı Türkmen'dir. Sirkeli beldesi Pursaklar'ın ilçe olmasından dolayı Pursaklar ilçesine bağlanmıştır. Çubuk ilçesi doğuda Kalecik İlçesi ve Çankırı, batıda Pursaklar ve Kahramankazan güneyde Akyurt İlçesi ve kuzeyde Kızılcıhamam ilçesi ile komşudur.

Mahalleler
Çubuk'un 84 mahallesinin 8'i merkezde bulunmaktadır. Merkez mahallelerinde 73.008 kişi   (% 80,5) yaşamaktadır. En uzak mahallesi ise 39,4 km uzaklıktaki Yıldırımaydoğan'dır. İlçede nüfusu en fazla olan, 19.785 kişi ile Yıldırım Beyazıt mahallesidir.  Çubuk'un nüfusu 2017 yılında % 2,81 artmıştır.

Çubuk ilçesinin mahallelerinin ilçeye uzaklığı, rakımı ve nüfusu

* Km,  kaymakamlığa olan uzaklıktır.

Yönetim
1902 yılında ilçe olan Çubuk, 1907 yılında bucak yapılmıştır. 21 Ekim 1920 tarihinde yeniden ilçe olmuştur. 27 Temmuz 2004 tarih ve 5216 sayılı yasa ile Ankara'nın metropol ilçesi olmuştur.

Belediye başkanları

Partiler

1902-1984 arası belediye başkanları

Mahalleleri

Kardeş Şehirler
Çubuk Sabinov (Slovakya)  ve Maglaj (Bosna-Hersek) ile kardeş şehirdir.

Spor
1959 yılında kurulan Çubukspor 1959 ve daha yeni kurulan Çubukspor ilçeyi futbol liglerinde temsil etmektedir.

Ulaşım
Çubuk ilçe merkezi Ankara il merkezine 39 km Pursaklar ilçe merkezine 27 km Akyurt ilçe merkezine 15 km. Şabanözü ilçe merkezine 46 km. mesafededir. Ankara-Esenboğa Havalimanı Kavşağı arası 4 gidiş 4 geliş, (20 km) Havalimanı Kavşağı ile ilçe merkezi arası 3 gidiş 3 geliş (19 km) bölünmüş yoldur. Hava ulaşımı (Esenboğa Uluslararası Havalimanı) mevcut olan ilçede demiryolu ve deniz ulaşımı yoktur. Ankara - Çubuk arası EGO seferleri yanı sıra Özel Halk otobüsü seferleri mevcuttur. Ayrıca şehir içi dolmuş seferleri vardır.

1892 yılında Çubuk kazasından Ankara'ya 3000 metre şose yolu yapılmıştır. Yol üzerinde 3 köprü inşa edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

 Çubuk Belediyesi
 Çubuk Kaymakamlığı

Çubuk, Ankara


Isomalt er en sukkererstatning, en type sukkeralkohol der primært anvendes for dens sukkerlignende fysiske egenskaber. Det har ringe eller ingen indvirkning på blodsukker og stimulerer ikke frigivelsen af insulin. Det fremmer heller ikke tandforfald, det vil sige det er tandvenligt. Dens energiværdi er 2 kcal/g, halvdelen af sukkers. Men ligesom de fleste sukkeralkoholer er det risiko for gastrisk lidelse, herunder flatulens og diarré. når det indtages i store mængder (over ca. 20-30 g pr. dag). Isomalt kan vise sig forstyrrende i tarmkanalen, fordi det absorberes ufuldstændigt i tyndtarmen, og når polyoler passerer ind i tyktarmen, kan de forårsage osmotisk induceret diarré og stimulere tarmfloraen og forårsage flatulens. Lige som med kostfibre kan regelmæssigt forbrug af isomalt føre til lavere følsomhed og dermed mindre risiko for tarmforstyrrelser. Isomalt er mindre sødt end sukker, men kan blandes med højtintensitetssødemidler som sukralose, hvilket giver en blanding, der har samme sødme som sukker.

Isomalt er en ækvimolær blanding af to indbyrdes diastereomere disaccharider, der hver består af to sukkerarter: glukose og mannitol (a- D- glucopyranosido-1,6-mannitol) og også glukose og sorbitol (a- D- glucopyranosido-1,6-sorbitol ). Komplet hydrolyse af isomalt giver glucose (50%), sorbitol (25%) og mannitol (25%). Det er et lugtfrit, hvidt krystallinsk stof indeholdende ca. 5% krystalvand. Isomalt har en minimal køleeffekt (positiv varmeopløsning), lavere end mange andre sukkeralkoholer, især xylitol og erythritol .

Isomalt fremstilles i en to-trins proces, hvori saccharose først transformeres til isomaltulose, et reducerende disakkarid (6- O-a- D- glucopyranosido- D- fructose). Isomaltulosen hydrogeneres derefter ved anvendelse af en Raney-nikkelkatalysator.  Slutproduktet - isomalt - er en ækvimolær sammensætning af 6- O-a- D- glucopyranosido- D- sorbitol (1,6-GPS) og 1- O-a- D- glucopyranosido- D -mannitoldihydrat (1, 1-GPM-dihydrat).

Isomalt er blevet godkendt til brug i EU og en række andre lande.

Anvendelser
Isomalt anvendes i vid udstrækning til fremstilling af sukkerfri slik, især hårdkogt slik, fordi det modstår krystallisation meget bedre end standardkombinationerne af saccharose og majssirup. Den bruges i sukkerskulptur af samme grund.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 IPCS informationsside om Isomalt

Sødemidler
Pages with unreviewed translations
Sukkeralkoholer

Isomalt


An Eurystyles lorenzii in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Célestin Alfred Cogniaux, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Schltr.. An Eurystyles lorenzii in nahilalakip ha genus nga Eurystyles, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Eurystyles

Eurystyles lorenzii


An Sudamerlycaste dyeriana in uska species han Liliopsida nga syahan ginhulagway ni Henry Frederick Conrad Sander ngan Maxwell Tylden Masters, ngan ginhatag han pagkayana nga asya nga ngaran ni Fredy Archila. An Sudamerlycaste dyeriana in nahilalakip ha genus nga Sudamerlycaste, ngan familia nga Orchidaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Mga sumpay ha gawas

Sudamerlycaste

Sudamerlycaste dyeriana


Pavo යනු සැවුල් කුලයට අයත් විශේෂ දෙකකින් සමන්විත ගණයකි. එම විශේෂ දෙක සමග කොංගෝ මොනරා ද ඇතුළත්ව පොදුවේ මොනරා ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.

විශේෂ
 ඉන්දියානු මොනරා (Pavo cristatus)
 හරිත මොනරා (Pavo muticus)

ෆොසිල වාර්තා
 Pavo bravardi (මුල්කාලීන – පසුකාලීන ප්ලියෝසීන) – Gallus moldovicus හෙවත් ඇතැම් අවස්ථාවල moldavicus ලෙස වැරදි අයුරින් උච්චාරණය කෙ‍රෙන විශේෂය කනිෂ්ඨ පර්‍යායනාමයක් විය හැක
 Gallus aesculapii, ග්‍රීසියෙන් හමුවූ පසුකාලීන මියෝසීන – මුල්කාලීන ප්ලියෝසීන යුගයට අයත් "වලිකුකුළු" විශේෂයකි. ඇතැම්විට මොනර විශේෂයක් වන්නට ද ඇත.
ප්ලියෝසීන යුගයේ බෝල්කන් අර්ධද්වීපය තුළ මොනරුන් (බ්‍රැවර්ඩ්ගේ මොනරා) ptarmigan සමග පැවතී ඇත (Lagopus) ප්ලියෝසීන යුගයේ අවසානය තෙක් මොනරුන් බෝල්කන් අර්ධද්වීපය සහ ගිනිකොණදිග යුරෝපයේ බහුලව ව්‍යාප්ත වී පැවතිණි.

ආශ්‍රේයයන්

 Stidham, Thomas A. The first fossil of the Congo peafowl (Galliformes: Afropavo). S. Afr. j. sci. [online]. 2008, vol.104, n.11-12, pp. 511–512. ISSN 0038-2353.
 Louchart A. (2003). A true peafowl in Africa. S. Afr. J. Sci. 99, 368–371. [ Links ]
 Pickford M., Senut B. and Mourer-Chauviré C. (2004). Early Pliocene Tragulidae and peafowls in the rift valley, Kenya: evidence for rainforest in East Africa. C. R. Palevol 3, 179–189. [ Links ]
 Dupain J. and Van Krunkelsven E. (1996). Recent observations of the Congo Peacock Afropavo congensis in the Equateur Province, Zaire. Ostrich 67, 94–95. [ Links ]
 Stidham T.A. (2007). Preliminary assessment of the Late Miocene avifauna from Lemudong'o, Kenya. Kirtlandia 56, 173–176. [ Links ]
 Kimball R.T., Braun E.L. and Ligon J.D. (1997). Resolution of the phylogenetic position of the Congo peafowl, Afropavo congensis: a biogeographic and evolutionary enigma. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 264, 1517–1523. [ Links ]
 Phylogeny of major lineages of galliform birds (Aves: Galliformes) based on complete mitochondrial genomes:
 X.-Z. Kan1, J.-K. Yang1, X.-F. Li1, L. Chen1, Z.-P. Lei2, M. Wang1,
 C.-J. Qian1, H. Gao3 and Z.-Y. Yang3
 Dyke, G.J., Gulas, B.E. and Crowe, T.M. 2003. The suprageneric relationships of galliform birds (Aves, Galliformes): a cladistic analysis of morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 137: 227-244.
 van Tuinen, M. and Dyke, G.J. 2004. Calibration of galliform molecular clocks using multiple fossils and genetic partitions. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30(1): 74-86

පක්ෂි ගණ

මොනරා

පාවෝ (ගණය)


حسن بيه الغلبان فيلم مصري تم إنتاجه 1982، من إخراج هنري بركات وبطولة سمير غانم وإسعاد يونس ويونس شلبي وسعيد صالح.

تمثيل
 سمير غانم
 إسعاد يونس
 يونس شلبي
 سعيد صالح
 توفيق الدقن
 علي الشريف
 صلاح نظمي
 أحمد عدوية
 وداد حمدي

مصادر

أفلام إسعاد يونس
أفلام مصرية إنتاج 1982
أفلام توفيق الدقن
أفلام سعيد صالح
أفلام وداد حمدي
أفلام يونس شلبي

حسن بيه الغلبان (فيلم)


Avant les Actes d'Union de 1707, les barons du comté de Linlithgow  élisaient des commissaires pour les représenter au parlement monocaméral d'Écosse et à la Convention des États.

À partir de 1708, le Linlithgowshire est représenté par un membre à la Chambre des communes de Grande-Bretagne.

Liste des commissaires du comté

 1628–29: Thomas Dalyell de Binns
 1629: Robert Hamilton de Bathgate
 1628-33: Sir Walter Dundas
 1628–1633, 1630 (convention), 1639: William Drummond de Riccarton
 1639–41, 1643–44, 1650: George Dundas
 1640–41: Sir John Stirling de Garden
 1643–44: Cochran de Barbachla
 1644, 1644–47: Samuel Drummond de Carlowrie
 1644, 1644–47, 1648: Laird ode Maner (George Dundas)
 1645–46: Laird de Boighall (Hamilton)
 1646–47, 1648: Laird de Binning (Hamilton)
 1649: William Sandilands de Hilderston
 1649–50: George Dundas de Duddingston
 1661–63, 1667 (convention): Sir Archibald Stirling de Garden, Lord Garden, sénateur du College of Justice
 1661, 1685–86, 1689 (convention), 1689–98: Thomas Drummond de Riccarton (décédé vers 1699)
 1665 (convention), 1667 (convention), 1669–74: Sir Walter Seton de Abercorn
 1669-74: James Dundas de Morton
 1678 (convention), 1681–82, 1685–85 Tam Dalyell des Binns (mort en 1685)
 1678 (convention): William Sharp de Houston
 1681–82: John Hope de Hopeton
 1686, 1689 (convention), 1689–1701, 1702–03: Patrick Murray de Livingston (décédé vers 1703)
 1700–02, 1703–07: Thomas Sharp de Houston
 1702–03: Charles Hope de Hopeton (décédé vers 1703)
 1704–07: John Montgomerie de Wrae

Références

Article connexe
 Liste des circonscriptions au Parlement d'Écosse au moment de l'Union

Circonscription du Parlement d'Écosse (jusqu'en 1707)
Politique dans le West Lothian
Histoire du West Lothian

Linlithgowshire (circonscription du Parlement d'Écosse)


Riviera slovenă (în ) este linia de coastă a Sloveniei, situată în Golful Trieste la Marea Adriatică . Face parte din peninsula Istria și are o lungime de 46,6 km.  Regiunea cuprinde orașele Koper și Piran cu Portorož și municipiul Izola . Este o destinație turistică la malul mării, cu un patrimoniu multietnic vibrant sloven și italian.

Geografie
Situat în Istria Slovenă, Riviera aparține regiunii statistice Coasta-Karst și regiunii istorice a litoralului sloven . Este mărginită la nord de Italia, iar la sud de Croația . Cel mai nordic punct este capul Debeli Rtič, lângă Golful Koper ; iar cel mai sudic este satul Sečovlje, lângă Golful Piran, situat în apropierea Parcului Natural Sečovlje Salina .

Cele 14 așezări de pe coastă, împărțite în comune, sunt:

 Ankaran (în italiană: Ancarano).
 Koper (în ): cu Bertoki (în ).
 Izola (în ): cu Dobrava și Jagodje .
 Piran (în     ): Cu Fiesa,  Lucija, Parecag, Portorož (în     ), Seča, Sečovlje și Strunjan .

Transport
Litoralul numără porturile Koper, Izola, Piran, Lucija și Portorož. Gara Koper este capătul liniei Divača-Koper, iar Aeroportul Portorož este situat lângă Sečovlje, aproape de granița croată . Drumul principal care deservește Riviera este drumul național 111, care se alătură autostrăzii A1 (spre Ljubljana și Maribor ) la Koper.

Vezi si

 Riviera
 Râul Dragonja
 Golful Veneției

Referințe

Legături externe

 Coasta slovenă și fundul mării
 Unele informații și hărți despre Riviera slovenă
 Harta Rivierei Slovene la sl.wiki
Geografia Sloveniei

Riviera Slovenă


Caroline de Maigret (født den 18. februar 1975 i Neuilly-sur-Seine) er en fransk model og musikproducer.

Privatliv
Hun er barnebarn af den tidligere minister Michel Poniatowski, og datter af Bertrand de Maigret (tidligere vicepræsident for Conseil de Paris og sidenhen deputeret for Sarthe) og den tidligere svømmemester
Isabelle Poniatowski. Hun er vokset op i Paris med sine tre brødre og søstre. I 1993, bestod hun sin baccalauréat i økonomi og sociologi og startede på Sorbonne
i moderne litteratur. Samme år blev hun hyret af et modelbureau. Hun er i dag i "stald" hos NEXT Model Management.

I 2006, sideløbende med sin modelkarriere, grundlagde hun sit musikproduktionsselskab Bonus Tracks Records med sin kompagnon Yarol Poupaud.

Karriere

Som model
Hun startede sin karriere med Mario Testino i magasinet Glamour, hvorefter hun gik som model for Chanel, Dior, Louis Vuitton,
Balenciaga, Marc Jacobs, Hermès, Jil Sander, Lanvin, Valentino, Ann Demeulemeester, Dries Van Noten, A.F. Vandevorst,
Alexander McQueen, Hussein Chalayan, m.fl.

Hun er blevet fotograferet til flere franske og internationale magasiner som Vogue,  Numéro, i-D, Elle, m.fl.

For flere kosmetikmærker er hun ansigt udadtil såsom Garnier, Oil of Olay, Pantene, Évian Affinity.

I 2014 blev hun hovednavn hos Lancôme.

Som musikproducer
I 2006 grundlagde hun musikprduktionsselskabet Bonus Tracks Records, der primært udgiver rock, sammen med musikeren Yarol Poupaud.

Produktioner :
 2012: "Black Minou", EP
 2011 : The Parisians, Difficult Times
 2011 : The Hub, A Sleepless Night
 2010 : The Parisians, Shaking The Ashes Of Our Enemies
 2009 : Les Brainbox, Siberia EP
 2009 : Heartbreak Hotel, Snake Eyes
 2009 : Bad Mama Dog, Love Gone Bad
 2008 : Mister Soap and the Smiling Tomatoes, Hawaï EP
 2008 : Yarol, 2003 Sessions
 2008 : The Parisians, Alesia E.P.
 2008 : The Mantis, Where Are You My Generation? E.P.
 2006 : Adrienne Pauly, Adrienne Pauly (Proudceret for Warner Music)
 2006 : Adanowsky, Étoile éternelle (Proudceret for Dreyfus Motors)
 2006 : Paris Calling---(Second Sex, The Parisians, Plastiscines, Brooklyn, Les Shades, The Hellboys, The Rolls)
 2006 : The Hellboys, Mutant Love

Produktioner soundtracks :
 2010 : Bus Palladium de Christopher Thompson
 2009 : La Musique de Papa, Patrick Grandperret, France 2
 2008 : Doom Doom, de Laurent Abitbol et Nicolas Mongin, Canal+

Filmografi
 2014 : Sils Maria af Olivier Assayas

Bibliografi
  (skrevet sammen med Anne Berest, Audrey Diwan og Sophie Mas)

Eksterne henvisninger
Bonus Tracks Records

Personer fra Neuilly-sur-Seine
Fotomodeller fra Frankrig
Musikproducere fra Frankrig

Caroline de Maigret


Poljska urodica  (pjegava urodica, lat. Melampyrum arvense)  je jednogodišnja poluparazitska biljka iz porodice volovotkovki (Orobanchaceae). Raste u Europi (uključujući Hrvatsku) i dijelovima Azije (Turska, sjeverni Kavkaz, Kazahstan).

Sinonimi
 Marinellia arvensis (L.) Bubani
 Melampyrum albicans Porcius
 Melampyrum argyrocomum Fisch. ex Steud.
 Melampyrum arvense f. pseudobarbatum (Schur) B.P.R.Chéron
 Melampyrum arvense var. semleri (Ronniger & Poeverl.) Hartl
 Melampyrum barbatum Schur
 Melampyrum hybridum Wolfner
 Melampyrum pseudobarbatum Schur
 Melampyrum purpurescens Gilib.
 Melampyrum semleri Ronniger & Poeverl.

Izvori

Rhinantheae
Ljekovito bilje

Poljska urodica