This is a list of major sports scandals.

American football scandals
 Minnesota Vikings boat party scandal (2005) – a sex party involving several members of the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL)
 National Football League player conduct controversy (2007–present) – various off the field incidents involving American football athletes from the NFL, including Adam "Pacman" Jones, Terry "Tank" Johnson, Chris Henry, Ben Roethlisberger, Ray Rice and Adrian Peterson, who earned suspensions as a result.
 2007 New England Patriots videotaping controversy (2007) – the New England Patriots were disciplined for videotaping the opposing team's coach's signals. Coach Bill Belichick was fined $500,000 and the New England Patriots were fined $250,000 and lost their 2008 1st round draft pick.
 New Orleans Saints bounty scandal (2012) – the NFL discovered that the New Orleans Saints had operated a secret slush fund from 2009 to 2011 that paid "bounties" to defensive players for big plays during games, most controversially for injuring opponents. The scheme was allegedly organized by a number of players plus defensive coordinator Gregg Williams, with the acquiescence of head coach Sean Payton. Shortly after the investigation came to light, Williams was accused of running similar schemes while he was defensive coordinator of the Houston Oilers/Tennessee Titans and Washington Redskins, as well as the head coach of the Buffalo Bills. The league suspended Williams indefinitely and Payton for one year and suspended the Saints' general manager and another assistant for parts of the 2012 season. Jonathan Vilma, a Saints player who had a major role in the scheme and reportedly offered a $10,000 bounty on Brett Favre, was suspended for the entire season and three other players were suspended for parts of the season. However, in September 2012, an arbitrator overturned the suspensions of the players involved in the affair. Williams' suspension ultimately lasted one year.
 Deflategate (2015) – during the AFC Championship Game, 11 of the 12 footballs under the Patriots' control during the first half were found to be inflated below the level mandated by the rulebook. The case was then closed because of the referees' failure to check the balls prior to the game. Tom Brady was suspended by the NFL for the first 4 games of the 2016 season.

Association football scandals
 1915 British football match-fixing scandal
 Bundesliga scandal (1965)
 1971 Bundesliga scandal
 1980 Italian football scandal – a match fixing scandal in Italian football involving several major teams.
 1988 Mexico national football team scandal
 1989 Maracanazo of the Chilean team
 1993 French football bribery scandal – a match fixing scandal involving a 1992–93 French Division 1 match between Olympique de Marseille and Valenciennes, in which Valenciennes players were bribed by Olympique de Marseille president Bernard Tapie, through Marseille midfielder Jean-Jacques Eydelie. It is believed that Eydelie offered three Valenciennes players (Jorge Burruchaga, Christophe Robert and Jacques Glassman) ₣250,000 to "take the foot off of the gas" in a May 20 match between the sides, so that the team would be fresh to play in the Champions League final soon after. Marseille were subsequently stripped off the 1992–93 French Division 1 title, relegated to Division 2 and handed bans from all 1993 UEFA competitions. The French Football Federation also suspended Eydelie, Robert and Burruchaga, whilst Tapie was replaced as club president by Bernard Moreau. Tapie received a prison sentence of over two years, of which he served six months and received a ₣20,000 fine, whilst Eydelie, Robert, Burruchaga and Marseille general manager Jean-Pierre Bernès were all given prison sentences and fined. Eydelie's prison sentence was a suspended sentence.
 Apito Dourado (2004) – a match fixing scandal in Portuguese football involving FC Porto, Boavista, and União de Leiria.
 Bundesliga scandal (2005) – a match fixing scandal in German football centering on disgraced referee Robert Hoyzer.
 Caso Genoa (2005)
 Brazilian football match-fixing scandal (2005) – a match fixing scandal involving referees in Brazil.
 2006 Calciopoli scandal – a match fixing scandal in Italian football involving several major teams, including three of the country's four qualifiers to the 2006–07 UEFA Champions League.
 In the Commonwealth of Independent States Cup 2006, the Armenian champion Pyunik refused to play with an Azerbaijani team, PFC Neftchi. The team Pyunik defeated the Ukrainian team Shakhtar Donetsk 3–1 in the quarter-final, when it already knew that in case of victory they would have to play against Neftchi. After the match, they told the referee they would not play against an Azerbaijani team and later that evening left Moscow on an airplane. The Russian Football Union gave Shakhtar Donetsk a technical victory 3–0 so they could play in the half-final instead of Pyunik, but Shakhtar Donetsk declined the offer stating that "[W]e would really want to play in the half-final, but we don't want to get there by any other way then sport". Eventually, because no one could play against Neftchi in the half-final, Neftchi were right away promoted to the final, where they defeated the Lithuanian club Kaunas 4–2.
 2011 Turkish sports corruption scandal – in July 2011, as part of a major match-fixing investigation by authorities in Turkey, nearly 60 people suspected to be involved with fixing games were detained by Istanbul Police Department Organized Crime Control Bureau and then arrested by the court. In June 2014, retrial process has started for all the convicted people.
 2013 Lebanese match fixing scandal – in 2013, Lebanese footballers, Ramez Dayoub (playing for Selangor FA) and Mahmoud El Ali (playing for Persiba Balikpapan), were banned for life by the Lebanese Football Association for participating in match-fixing scandals. 22 players were investigated for this.
 2015 Greek football scandal – it emerged on 6 April 2015, when prosecutor Aristidis Korreas' 173-page work was revealed. Telephone tapping operated by the National Intelligence Service of Greece has played a significant role in the case. According to the prosecutor's conclusion, Olympiakos. owner Evangelos Marinakis along with Greek Football Federation members Theodoros Kouridis, Aristidis Stathopoulos and Georgios Sarris were suspected of directing a criminal organization since 2011. The goal behind their scheme was to "absolutely control Greek football's fate by the methods of blackmailing and fraud". Referees, judges, football directors and chairmen were also involved in the scandal, but all defendants deny charges. Olympiakos were the champions of the Greek Superleague at the time.
 2015 FIFA corruption case
 2016 United Kingdom football sexual abuse scandal
 2017 Rangers Tax Fraud Case. The Supreme court ruled that money paid to players, managers and directors between 2001 and 2010 was in the form of tax free loans. This totalled £47m
2018 Football Leaks - Der Spiegel and the European Investigative Collaborations (EIC) network of journalists, begun publishing various articles relateding to various dirty deals relating to various dodgy deals behind Arab oil owned football clubs Manchester City, PSG, and Russian owned Monaco. Super League plans by current European powerhouses. Questionable dealings of football agents, Doping involving Russian and Spanish players.

Baseball scandals

 Black Sox Scandal (1919)
 Pete Rose gambling on baseball – Dowd Report (1989)
 Houston Astros sign stealing scandal
 For baseball doping scandals, see the "Doping scandals" section.

Boxing scandals
 List of deaths due to injuries sustained in boxing
 In 1967, then-undefeated World Champion Muhammad Ali was stripped of his title, and denied a boxing license for the next 3 years over his refusal to be drafted into the U.S. army.
 In 1983, boxer Luis Resto was caught tampering with his gloves by removing padding and hardening his hand wraps with plaster.
 In 2001, International Boxing Federation founder Robert W. "Bobby" Lee, Sr. was convicted of money laundering and tax evasion, following a three-year long investigation of racketeering and bribery at the organization.
 Tampered handwraps controversy of 2009 resulting in the suspension of Antonio Margarito
 Suspension of boxing judges at the 2016 Summer Olympics - see Boxing at the 2016 Summer Olympics#Judging

College sporting scandals
 CCNY point shaving scandal – in 1951, more than 30 players at seven schools were implicated in a point shaving scheme that also had connections to organized crime. The scandal was most strongly linked to the City College of New York because several central figures had played on the school's 1949–50 team that won that season's NCAA tournament and NIT.
 Boston College basketball point shaving scandal in 1978–79
 Southern Methodist University football scandal – in 1986, it was revealed that Southern Methodist University boosters gave football players thousands of dollars from a "slush fund" with the knowledge of university administrators. Along with a string of prior NCAA violations, this led the NCAA to level the "death penalty" on the school's football team.
 University of Michigan basketball scandal – four players, most notably Chris Webber, were paid by a booster to launder money from his gambling operations. In some cases, the payments extended to their high school days.
 University of Minnesota basketball scandal – the St. Paul Pioneer Press reported the day before the 1999 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament that an academic counseling staffer at the university publicly acknowledged doing coursework for many basketball players.
Baylor University basketball scandal – player Patrick Dennehy was murdered by teammate Carlton Dotson. Later, coach Dave Bliss instructed his players to lie to NCAA investigators that Dennehy dealt drugs. In the wake of these events, numerous violations of NCAA rules were discovered.
 Duke lacrosse case – a stripper hired by members of the Duke University men's lacrosse team for an informal team party in 2006 falsely accused three players of rape.
 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill football scandal – over ten football players received improper benefits and committed academic fraud by turning in coursework prepared by tutors.
 2011 University of Miami athletics scandal – Yahoo! Sports broke a story in which former Miami booster Nevin Shapiro, currently imprisoned for running a Ponzi scheme, indicated he had provided massive amounts of improper benefits to Miami players and coaches, mostly in football, but also in men's basketball.
 Penn State child sex abuse scandal – in November 2011, former Penn State defensive coordinator Jerry Sandusky was arrested on 40 counts of sexually abusing eight boys over a 15-year period including incidents in Penn State's football facilities. In June 2012, Sandusky was convicted on 45 charges related to the scandal.
 University of North Carolina academic-athletic scandal – in a follow-up to the UNC football scandal, new accusations of academic fraud arose in relation to the university's African and Afro-American Studies department and men's basketball program, men's football team, women's soccer and other sports as well. The Wainstein Report, an independent report commissioned by UNC, revealed academic fraud that occurred over at least 18 years involving thousands of students and student athletes. Allegedly, thousands of student athletes were directed by the UNC administration to take "sham" classes in order to maintain eligibility. UNC avoided major NCAA penalties, mainly because said sham classes had been offered to the entire student body.
 2015 University of Louisville basketball sex scandal – In 2015, Yahoo! Sports reported that a self-described former madam alleged that she had been paid several thousand dollars from 2010 to 2014 by men's basketball staffer Andre McGee for strip shows and sex parties for players and prospective recruits. The NCAA announced the results of its investigation in June 2017, announcing major sanctions that included a 10-year show-cause penalty for McGee and the potential loss of the team's 2013 national title. An appeal by Louisville failed, and in February 2018 the Cardinals became the first Division I basketball program to be stripped of a national championship.
Baylor University sexual assault scandal – in 2016, Baylor and its football program were rocked by the revelation that university officials failed to act on numerous alleged sexual and non-sexual assaults by football team members between 2012 and 2016, with one player convicted of felony sexual assault. A later lawsuit filed by a group of victims alleged that 31 football players committed 52 rapes between 2011 and 2014. In the wake of the scandal, head football coach Art Briles was fired, athletic director Ian McCaw resigned, and university president Ken Starr was first demoted and then resigned.
 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball corruption scandal – An ongoing FBI investigation into corruption in NCAA men's basketball that has so far resulted in the arrest of 10 individuals, including college assistant coaches from Arizona, Auburn, Oklahoma State, and USC plus high-ranking executives of sports apparel giant Adidas. Other programs initially implicated in the scandal included Louisville, Miami (FL), and South Carolina. Louisville placed head coach Rick Pitino and athletic director Tom Jurich (the latter not directly involved in the scandal) on administrative leave, and soon fired both. Further revelations in February 2018 saw more than a dozen additional programs possibly implicated.

Cricket scandals

Underarm bowling incident of 1981 - Australia's Trevor Chappell became very infamous when Australia played New Zealand at the MCG on February 1, 1981, Australian captain Greg Chappell instructed the bowler (and younger brother Trevor) to bowl the last ball underarm to New Zealand batsmen Brian McKechnie to prevent him from hitting a six. After the bowl, McKechnie threw his bat onto the ground in disgust and Australia won the match. Negative post reactions then occurred after the match. Trevor Chappell was best remembered for the incident.
John the bookmaker controversy – a scandal in which Australia's Mark Waugh and Shane Warne were paid in 1994–95 to provide information on pitch and weather conditions to an Indian bookmaker. The scandal came to light in 1998.
South Africa cricket match fixing in 2000 which resulted in the banning from cricket of Hansie Cronje
 Ball tampering controversy in August 2006 - On August 20, 2006, when Pakistan toured England in the fourth test, the umpires Darrell Hair and Billy Doctrove ruled that the Pakistani team had been ball tampering and gave five penalty runs to England then offered them a new ball. After the tea break, Pakistan refused to take the field in protest at the decision. Thus, England won the match by forfeit. After the incident, the whole Pakistan team were busted of the scandal and umpire Darrell Hair was banned from umpiring in cricket.
 Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal – in 2010, three Pakistan players—team captain Salman Butt, Mohammad Asif and Mohammad Amir—were accused of involvement in a spot-fixing scheme in which they allegedly accepted large sums of money to influence specific events within a match, as opposed to an actual match result. After an investigation, the ICC banned all three from the sport for periods from 5 to 10 years. Later, Butt and Asif were tried in a London court and found guilty of charges related to the scheme, whilst Amir pleaded guilty to similar charges in the same court. All received prison sentences ranging from 6 to 30 months.
2013 Indian Premier League spot-fixing and betting case
 2018 Australian ball-tampering scandal - In 2018, When Australia toured South Africa, Australia's Cameron Bancroft was seen on camera rubbing the ball with a small yellow object then hid the object in his underwear. The umpires then ruled he was ball tampering. It was then found that Australian captain Steve Smith and vice captain David Warner were also found to have been involved in the incident. Smith and Warner were then banned for 12 months from international and domestic cricket while Bancroft was banned for 9 months. Smith was also temporarily banned from captaining Australia while Warner received a life ban from captaining.
2018 Sri Lankan cricket pitch fixing and betting scandal

Doping scandals
 Doping in sport
 Ben Johnson's positive test for steroids after his 1988 Olympic victory in the 100 metres
 The Festina affair – a series of doping investigations and scandals surrounding the 1998 Tour de France, initially focusing on the Festina cycling team, but quickly spreading to several other teams.
 The Mitchell Report – 88 current and former Major League Baseball (MLB) players were alleged to have used steroids or other performance-enhancing drugs.
 The conviction of Barry Bonds (2011) – later overturned on obstruction of justice charges relating to the BALCO investigation
 Operación Puerto (2006) – a Spanish investigation into a doping scheme allegedly involving many top cyclists, including several potential contenders in the 2006 Tour de France.
 Floyd Landis doping case (2006) – Floyd Landis, initially the winner of the 2006 Tour de France, tested positive for synthetic testosterone and was stripped of his title.
 Doping at the 2007 Tour de France – the 2007 Tour de France was rocked by a series of doping scandals. Two riders, including pre-race favorite Alexander Vinokourov, were disqualified for doping offenses. Both teams involved pulled out of the Tour. A third rider, who had abandoned the Tour after a crash, was revealed to have tested positive for testosterone before the Tour. The race leader, Michael Rasmussen, was removed from the Tour by his team with four stages left amid questions surrounding his possible involvement in doping.
 Lance Armstrong doping case (2012) – after having been accused of doping for much of the latter part of his career, Lance Armstrong became the subject of an investigation by the United States Anti-Doping Agency. The USADA report revealed that he had engaged in a highly sophisticated doping campaign from 1998 onward. Following the report, the UCI stripped all of Armstrong's results and awards from that time forward, including his then-record seven Tour de France wins.
 Biogenesis baseball scandal (2013) – more than a dozen MLB players were found to have received PEDs, mainly human growth hormone, from a now-defunct anti-aging clinic in the Miami area. In all, 13 players received suspensions of 50 or more games, with the longest being given to Alex Rodriguez (162 games) and Ryan Braun (65 games). The number of players suspended is the most for any single incident in the history of organized baseball in North America.
 Essendon Football Club supplements saga (2013) – in February 2013, the Essendon Football Club, a professional Australian rules football club participating in the Australian Football League (AFL), were investigated by the Australian Sports Anti-Doping Authority (ASADA) and the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) over the legality of its supplements program during the 2012 AFL season and the preceding preseason. In January 2016, the players were found guilty of having used the banned peptide thymosin beta-4, resulting in the suspensions of thirty-four players who were part of the program.
 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks supplements saga (2013) – in February 2013, the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, a professional rugby league team participating in the National Rugby League (NRL), were investigated by the ASADA and the WADA over the legality of its supplements program during the preseason and the regular 2011 NRL season. In August 2014, the players were found guilty of having used the banned peptide CJC-1295, resulting in the suspensions of fourteen players who were part of the program.

Skating scandals

Figure skating scandals
 Attack on Nancy Kerrigan - Nancy Kerrigan was attacked after a practice session at the 1994 U.S. Figure Skating Championships. Kerrigan's main team competitor, Tonya Harding, was accused of being involved in the attack.
 Kamila Valieva's failed drug test - Kamila Valieva failed a drug test for a banned heart medication in December 2021. This drug test result only surfaced after the figure skating team event in the 2022 Beijing Olympic Games, in which she competed for the ROC. Despite the result of the drug test, Kamila Valieva was cleared to skate in the Beijing 2022 singles event by the Court of Arbitration for Sport the following week, as she was considered a protected person due to being only 15 years of age. This decision was highly controversial and has resulted in the minimum age for competing in the Olympic Games for figure skating to rise from 15 years of age to 17 years of age.

Short track speed skating scandals
 Cho Jae-beom was convicted for 10.5 years in jail in January 2021 of sexual abuse of multiple Olympic gold medalist Shim Suk-hee.

Gliding scandals

 During the 2020 Women's World Gliding Championships at Lake Keepit, Australia, the home team captain Terry Cubley (Executive Officer of the GFA) was charged with unsporting behaviour for hacking the official tracking system to bypass the mandatory 15 minute delay and forward real time competitors' positions to his team, granting a tactical advantage. An investigation revealed that Matt Gage had been closely involved with the developers of the tracking system, and was aware of an undocumented back door that allowed the team captain (Terry Cubley) to bypass the 15 minute delay. This real-time information was relayed by the team captain over the radio to the Australian pilots. This was the first time in the sport's history that an entire team had been penalised for unsporting behaviour, with the Competition Director applying a penalty of 25 points per pilot per day. Controversially the pilots involved were spared disqualification only receiving a relatively trivial points reduction (compared to a competing pilot who was disqualified for infringing airspace earlier in the competition). Following a subsequent GFA investigation two of the Australian Team admitted to cheating and the GFA made a formal apology to the FAI and the wider gliding community. Terry Cubley was removed from his role as Vice President of the IGC, but chose to remain as Executive Officer of the GFA . The pilots involved chose to appeal against this decision, resulting in the longest and most comprehensive investigation in the FAIs history. The final judgement  described the actions of the pilots as 'reprehensible', increased the penalty to disqualification and removed their flights from the competition record. The Appeal Tribunal also recommended the FAI to take further disciplinary action against those involved. Following the Tribunals verdict Lisa Turner (the Australian pilots' representative to the tribunal) issued a press release re-iterating their denial of cheating, accused the tribunal of bias against the Australian team and announced a further appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport CAS.

Golf scandals
 Jane Blalock cheating controversy – one of the LPGA Tour's top players, Jane Blalock, was accused of illegally marking her golf ball on the green. She was suspended and fined by the tour, but Blalock in turn filed suit and won an injunction that allowed her to continue playing. Blalock eventually won her lawsuit and she and the LPGA reached an out-of-court settlement.
 Vijay Singh, a former number one golfer in the world, was suspended from the PGA Tour for using deer antler spray, which violated the PGA Tour Anti-Doping Policy. Likewise in 1985, Vijay Singh was caught erasing his score on a hole and replacing it with a lower score after the scorecard had been signed. Once the rules officials confirmed the allegations, Singh was banned from the Asian Tour. To this day, Singh has not acknowledged that he cheated.

Gymnastics scandals
 Age controversies in gymnastics
 USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal – former USA Gymnastics national team doctor, Larry Nassar, was accused of sexual abuse by more than 150 girls and women. Nassar was sentenced to 60 years in prison on federal child pornography charges in December 2017, and was sentenced to 80 to 300 years in prison after two separate trials on sexual assault charges in January 2018, to be served consecutively.

Horse racing scandals
 Show jumping horse killings – from 1975 to 1995, wealthy owners and trainers of show jumping horses conspired to electrocute and otherwise kill over-valued as well as under-performing animals in a 20-year-long scheme to defraud insurance companies. Crimes also committed during this equestrian sports scandal include extortion, mail fraud, animal cruelty and the murder of at least one human being.
 Fine Cotton/Bold Personality ring-in – a 1984 betting scam in which the conspirators, which included some elite figures in Australian Thoroughbred racing, substituted the far more talented Bold Personality for Fine Cotton in a low-class race. The scheme was discovered immediately after the race and the investigation led to lifetime bans for six individuals and bans of more than a decade for at least two more.
2020 Horse racing doping scam – the scam was revealed in March 2020, when the FBI cracked down several top names in american horse racing. Initially, 27 people (trainers and veterinarians) were charged with doping, which later increased to 29 people.

Ice hockey scandals
Operation Slapshot (2006) – investigation into a gambling ring allegedly operated by National Hockey League assistant coach Rick Tocchet.

Chicago Blackhawks Sexual Assault Scandal (2010) - Kyle Beach, former NHL player, was sexually assaulted by then assistant coach Brad Aldrich during the 2009-10 Chicago Blackhawks season. Even though the incident was known by the front office, no actions were taken to provide Beach with a proper care and recovery. The scandal was under the radar for almost a decade when Beach decided to formally expose the incident.

Match-fixing scandals
 Ten of the twelve members of the gold medal-winning Spanish basketball team at the 2000 Summer Paralympics were revealed to have no disability.
 Fresno Case scandal (2004) – an attempt to rig a vote to prevent the Catalan rink hockey team from being accepted into international competition.
 Melbourne Football Club tanking scandal (2009) – allegations arose that the club deliberately lost matches in 2009 so that it would put itself into a position whereby they would secure a priority draft pick at that year's draft.
 In 2011, snooker player John Higgins was accused of accepting bribery in order to lose frames purposefully. Higgins denied any accusations of match-fixing and bribery, however, he was found guilty of accepting bribery while there was no evidence for him match-fixing. "World number one John Higgins has been suspended from all future tournaments after reportedly agreeing to take a £261,000 bribe to lose frames."

Motorsport and racing scandals
 1994 Formula One cheating controversy – a number of allegations of cheating were thrown during the 1994 Formula One season, particularly to Benetton team.
 2007 NASCAR Gatorade Duel scandal – three various incidents related to the Gatorade Duel.
 2007 Formula One espionage controversy, commonly known as Spygate – an incident in which Scuderia Ferrari mechanic Nigel Stepney passed on a secret document to Mike Coughlan of McLaren.
 2008 race fixing controversy – it was surrounded by allegations in Formula One that driver Nelson Piquet Jr. deliberately crashed in the 2008 Singapore Grand Prix to help his Renault teammate Fernando Alonso win
 2013 Federated Auto Parts 400 – in the final Sprint Cup race, before the field was set for the 2013 Chase for the Sprint Cup, three teams—Michael Waltrip Racing, Penske Racing and Front Row Motorsports—were found to have extensively manipulated the race finish in an attempt to secure Chase places for MWR driver Martin Truex Jr. and Penske driver Joey Logano.
2019 Ford EcoBoost 400 – in the final race of the 2019 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, three teams – Premium Motorsports, Spire Motorsports and Rick Ware Racing – were found to have manipulated the race finish by parking their cars in order to allow the No. 27 team to score more points, passing the Gaunt Brothers Racing No. 96 in the standings to obtain an end of season cash bonus.

Olympic Games scandals

 2002 Winter Olympic bid scandal – a number of IOC members were forced to resign after it was uncovered that they had accepted inappropriately valuable "gifts" in return for voting for Salt Lake City to hold the Games.
 2002 Winter Olympics figure skating scandal – dual gold medals were awarded in pairs figure skating to Canadian pair Jamie Salé and David Pelletier, as well as to Russian pair Elena Berezhnaya and Anton Sikharulidze, after allegations of collusion among judges.
 Lochtegate – four United States swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics including Ryan Lochte were involved in a scandal around an accusation being victims of armed robbery, which ultimately concluded with fines, loss of sponsorships, and statements of apology from the swimmers and various oversight organizations.
 Russian doping scandal – Russia has the most (51) Olympic medals stripped for doping violations – four times the number of the second country (Belarus). From 2011 to 2015, more than a thousand Russian competitors in various sports, including summer, winter, and Paralympic sports, benefited from a cover-up with no indication that the program has ceased since then.

Paralympic Games
 Cheating at the Paralympic Games – in the 2000 Summer Paralympics, athletes from Spain competed and won the gold medal in the Basketball ID event despite the majority of players not having an intellectual disability. The fallout from this scandal saw all events for athletes with intellectual disabilities removed from the next two Summer Paralympics.

Rugby league scandals
 Melbourne Storm salary cap breach – in 2010, the Melbourne Storm were punished for breaching the salary cap and were stripped of the ability to accumulate points, had their name stripped from the premierships and minor premierships they had gained over the previous four years and forced to pay back millions of dollars of prize money. It is the toughest punishment for a salary cap breach in NRL history.
 Cronulla Sharks supplements doping scandal – following an extensive investigation by ASADA, players from the Cronulla Sharks were found guilty of having used the banned peptide CJC-1295, resulting in the suspensions of fourteen players. A number of senior staff were dismissed or resigned and several senior club members received penalties and suspensions.
 Matthew Johns sexual assault allegations – in 2002, while on a trip to New Zealand, Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks player Matthew Johns took part in degrading group sex with a young woman while up to 11 of his teammates joined in. The scandal was reported by the ABC's Four Corners TV series. Johns admitted having consensual sex with the girl and made a public apology on Channel Nine's The Footy Show. Johns was suspended from The Footy Show and was released by the Melbourne Storm as their assistant coach.

Rugby union scandals

 Grannygate – scandal in March 2000 over the eligibility of Shane Howarth and Brett Sinkinson representing the Wales national team
 Kamp Staaldraad – controversial training camp for the Springboks (South Africa's national rugby union team) before the 2003 Rugby World Cup
 "Bloodgate" – a scheme by the English rugby union club Harlequins to fake an injury to wing Tom Williams to allow a blood replacement to be brought on at a critical moment in their 2009 Heineken Cup quarterfinal against Leinster. The scheme, which included deliberately cutting Williams' mouth open after the match in order to cover up the fake injury, ultimately led to Quins head coach Dean Richards being banned from the sport for three years.

Sumo wrestling scandals
 Tokitsukaze stable hazing scandal (2007)
 Match Fixing Scandal (2011)
 Harumafuji Scandal (2017)

Tennis scandals
 Betting patterns on Nikolay Davydenko during a match with Martin Vassallo Arguello indicated corruption.

Russian doping scandal

Volleyball scandals
 Rick Butler sexual abuse allegations

References

External links
 ArmchairGM's Top 25 Sports Scandals

Scandals

List of sporting scandals


عبد الرحمن عوض مهدي العنزي ، لاعب كرة قدم كويتي. من مواليد 9 مارس 1988. يلعب مع نادي النصر الكويتي.

لاعبو كرة قدم كويتيون
لاعبو نادي النصر (الكويت)
مواليد 1988

عبد الرحمن العنزي (لاعب كرة قدم مواليد 1988)


Das Amtsgericht Schönau ist ein Gericht der ordentlichen Gerichtsbarkeit in Baden-Württemberg und eines von fünf Amtsgerichten im Bezirk des Landgerichtes Waldshut-Tiengen.

Gerichtssitz und -bezirk
Das Amtsgericht hat seinen Sitz in Schönau im Schwarzwald, Friedrichstr. 24. Der Gerichtsbezirk umfasst die Städte Schönau im Schwarzwald, Todtnau und Zell im Wiesental sowie die Gemeinden Aitern, Böllen, Fröhnd, Häg-Ehrsberg, Schönenberg, Tunau, Utzenfeld, Wembach und Wieden.

Zuständigkeit
Das Amtsgericht Schönau ist erstinstanzliches Gericht in Zivil-, Betreuungs-, Vereins-, Güterrechtsregister- und Strafsachen. Für die Handelsregistersachen ist das Amtsgericht Freiburg im Breisgau zuständig.

Die Familiengerichts- und Schöffengerichtsbarkeit sind beim Amtsgericht Bad Säckingen angesiedelt.

Als Vollstreckungsgericht ist das Amtsgericht Schönau zuständig für alle Vollstreckungsangelegenheiten, bei denen der Schuldner seinen Wohnsitz im Gerichtsbezirk hat. Die Grundstückszwangsversteigerungs-, Konkurs- und Insolvenzverfahren werden beim Amtsgericht Waldshut-Tiengen 1 bearbeitet.

Übergeordnete Gerichte
Dem Amtsgericht Schönau ist im Instanzenzug das Landgericht Waldshut-Tiengen übergeordnet. Zuständiges Oberlandesgericht ist das Oberlandesgericht Karlsruhe.

Siehe auch
 Liste deutscher Gerichte
 Liste der Gerichte des Landes Baden-Württemberg

Weblinks
 Internetpräsenz des Amtsgerichts Schönau im Schwarzwald

Schonau
Schönau im Schwarzwald
Gegründet 1857

Amtsgericht Schönau


La Liga Europa de la UEFA 2013-14 (en inglés, UEFA Europa League) fue la 43.ª edición de esta competición. La final se jugó en el Juventus Stadium de Turín, Italia.

En la final, el Sevilla derrotó 4:2 en penaltis al Benfica y consiguió su tercer título en la Liga Europea de la UEFA.

Distribución de equipos por federaciones

Un total de 193 equipos (incluyendo 32 conjuntos eliminados de fases distintas de la Liga de Campeones) de 53 federaciones nacionales participan en esta edición. Dependiendo de sus respectivos Coeficiente UEFA, las federaciones tienen un número determinado de plazas.

Clasificación de las federaciones de la UEFA

Distribución

Equipos

 CC: Campeón de la copa
 SC: Subcampeón de la copa
 CCL: Campeón de Copa de la Liga
 N.º: Posición en la Liga
 FP: Fair play
 LC: Procedente de la Liga de Campeones
 FG: Terceros en la Fase de Grupos
 PO: Perdedores del Play-Off
 3FC: Perdedores de la Tercera ronda previa

Rondas previas

Primera ronda previa
Participaron en esta ronda 76 equipos, pertenecientes a las ligas clasificadas de la 22ª posición en adelante del ranking de 2012 del Coeficiente UEFA, junto a 3 equipos pertenecientes a las respectivas ligas con mayor coeficiente de juego limpio. La ida de las eliminatorias se disputó entre el 2 y el 4 de julio, mientras que la vuelta se jugó entre el 9 y el 11 de julio.

Segunda ronda previa
Participaron en esta ronda 42 equipos, pertenecientes a las ligas clasificadas de la 7ª a la 32ª posición del ranking de 2012 del Coeficiente UEFA, junto a 38 equipos procedentes de la ronda anterior. La ida de las eliminatorias se disputó el 16 y el 18 de julio, mientras que la vuelta se jugó el 25 de julio.

Tercera ronda previa
Participan en esta ronda 18 equipos, pertenecientes a las 18 primeras ligas del ranking de 2012 del Coeficiente UEFA, junto a 40 equipos procedentes de la ronda anterior. La ida de las eliminatorias se disputó el 1 de agosto, mientras que la vuelta se jugó el 8 de agosto.

Cuarta ronda previa (Ronda de play-off)
Participarán en esta ronda 18 equipos, pertenecientes a las 15 primeras ligas del ranking de 2012 del Coeficiente UEFA, junto a 29 equipos procedentes de la ronda anterior y los 15 equipos eliminados de la tercera ronda previa de la Liga de Campeones. La ida de los play-off se disputó el 22 de agosto, mientras que la vuelta se jugó el 29 de agosto.

Fase de grupos
Participarán en esta ronda 6 equipos, campeones de Copa de las 6 primeras ligas del ranking de 2012 del Coeficiente UEFA, junto a 31 equipos procedentes de la ronda de play-off, los 10 equipos eliminados de la ronda de play-off de la Liga de Campeones y el campeón de la edición anterior de la competición.

 El Beşiktaş (Turquía) ha sido excluido de la competición, siendo sustituido por el Tromsø (Noruega).
 El Fenerbahçe (Turquía) ha sido excluido de la competición, siendo sustituido por el APOEL (Chipre).
 El Wigan Athletic (Inglaterra) jugó la fase de grupos a pesar de estar en segunda división, tras ganar la FA Cup 2012-13 ante el Manchester City.

Grupo A

Grupo B

Grupo C

Grupo D

Grupo E

Grupo F

Grupo G

Grupo H

Grupo I

Grupo J

Grupo K

Grupo L

Segunda fase
La fase final de la competición se disputa en eliminatorias a doble partido, salvo la final, jugada a partido único. En estos encuentros rige la regla del gol de visitante, que determina que el equipo que haya marcado más goles como visitante gana la eliminatoria si hay empate en la diferencia de goles. En caso de estar la eliminatoria empatada tras los 180 minutos de ambos partidos se disputará una prórroga de 30 minutos, y si esta termina sin goles la eliminatoria se decidirá en una tanda de penales.

Equipos clasificados

Dieciseisavos de final

El sorteo para los dieciseisavos y los octavos de final de la UEFA Europa League 2013/14 se celebró el lunes 16 de diciembre de 2013 a las 13:00 h (CET) en la sede de la UEFA en Nyon, Suiza. Los partidos tendrán lugar los días 20 y 27 de febrero de 2014.

Fase final
Como novedad de esta temporada se da el caso del sorteo de la fase de semifinales, por lo que por primera vez en la competición, todas y cada una de las fases eliminatorias serán determinadas por sorteo.

Octavos de final

AZ Alkmaar - Anzhí Majachkalá

Ludogorets Razgrad - Valencia

Porto - Napoli

Olympique de Lyon - Viktoria Plzeň

Sevilla - Real Betis

Tottenham Hotspur - Benfica

Basel - Red Bull Salzburgo

Juventus - Fiorentina

Cuartos de final

AZ Alkmaar - Benfica

Olympique de Lyon - Juventus

Basel - Valencia

Porto - Sevilla

Semifinales

Sevilla - Valencia

Benfica - Juventus

Final

Goleadores

(de acuerdo a la página oficial de la competición)

Asistencias

(de acuerdo a la página oficial de la competición)

Referencias

Véase también
 UEFA Champions League 2013-14

Temporadas de la Liga Europa de la UEFA
Fútbol en 2013
Fútbol en 2014
Fútbol en España en 2013
Fútbol en España en 2014
Historia del Sevilla Fútbol Club
Sport Lisboa e Benfica
Fútbol en Italia en 2014

Liga Europa de la UEFA 2013-14


Limita superioară a pădurii sau limita superioară a arborilor, limita superioară a vegetației lemnoase este altitudinea până la care se întâlnește vegetația lemnoasă în munții înalți. Linia arborilor sau linia copacilor este limita maximă a habitatului, măsurată, de obicei, printr-o curbă asemăntoare unei curbe de nivel, la o anumită altitudine medie, până la care arborii sau copacii sunt capabili de a crește. Linia copacilor se găsește la altitudini ridicate și în medii frigide. Mai sus de linia arborilor, copacii nu mai pot tolera condițiile mediului ambiant, de obicei temperaturile negative (lipsa biotemperaturii) și lipsa de precipitații sub formă lichidă.

Conceptul de linia copacilor nu trebuie confundat cu linia pădurii sau linia lemnului, care este linia până la care copacii sau arborii unei păduri pot forma o pădure cu coroane compacte.

la limita liniei copacilor, creșterea copacilor este adesea neregulată și dispersată, ultimii copaci ai zonei de tranziție formând tufișuri dense, sau arbori izolați cu forme contorsionate, cunoscute în germană sub numele de   krummholz (aproximativ, "lemn degenerat").

Linia arborilor, ca orice linie naturală de tranziție, precum este limita dintre uscat și un lac, apare a fi clar definită, de la o anumită distanță , dar care, la o investigare atentă, se dovedește a fi, îndeaproape privită, ca fiind o zonă de trecere graduală, de cele mai multe ori. Arborii devin din ce în ce mai scunzi, înspre partea neospitalieră a climatului, după care, încetează a mai crește, pur și simplu.

Linia arborilor este strâns legată de alte concepte, biomuri, structuri și regiuni naturale, așa cum sunt krummholz, tundra alpină, linia zăpezii, linia permanentă a gheții și zăpezii, ghețari, zone de acumulare și pierdere ale precipitațiilor solide, șamd.

Diferite tipuri de linii ale arborilor
Există mai multe tipuri de linii ale arborilor, menționate în ecologie, geologie și silvicultură, printre care se pot menționa linia alpină, linia aridă, linia deșertului, dubla linie și așa mai departe.

Linia alpină a arborilor
O linie alpină a arborilor este cea mai înaltă altitudine care permite viața arborilor; mai sus de aceasta este prea rece pentru a susține viața copacilor. Climatul deasupra liniei alpine a arborilor se numește climat alpin, iar forma de ecosistem este tundra alpină,  În emisfera nordică, liniile arborilor de pe fețele nordice ale munților sunt la altitudine mai joasă decât linia arborilor de pe fețele estice, sudice sau vestice, întrucât existența continuă a umbrei de pe această față face ca zăpada să se topească mai încet și biotemperatura se atinge la altitudini mai joase. În emisfera sudică este invers, fețele sudice sunt mai reci, iar cele nordice sunt mai expuse la soare, deci cu o linie a arborilor aflată la altitudine mai mare.

Linia alpină a arborilor este, în anumite cazuri, oarecumva abruptă, deși - de cele mai multe ori formează o zonă de tranziției între pădurea compactă de mai jos și zona de tundră alpină complet lipsită de arăbori. Această zonă de tranziției apare "în apropierea vârfurilor celor mai înalte piscuri din Statele Unite, foarte sus pe pantele vulcanilor gigantici din Mexic și pe toți munți din cele 11 state vestice [ale Statelor Unite], dar peste tot în Canada și Alaska". Formațiunile contorsinate de frig și de vânturi, cunoscute ca tușuri pitice, sub numele de krummholz, apar adesea deasupra limitei superioare.

Linia deșertică a arborilor
În deșert, linia alpină deșertică marcheză locurile cele mai uscate unde arborii încă mai pot crește, întrucât zonele deșertice sau semideșertice au, cel mai adesea, din cauza climatului arid sau semiarid, insuficiente precipitații pentru a putea susține creșterea arborilor. Spre exemplu, în zonele de deșert din sud-vestul Statelor Unite și nordul și nord-vestul Mexicului, dintre care cele mai cunoscute sunt deșerturile Chihuahua, Mojave și Sonora, linia deșertică arborilor se situează în jur de 1.500 metri altitudine.

Linia arborilor de tip deșertic are tendința de a se forma la altitudini mai ridicate în cazul pantelor orientate spre poli decât cea a versanților orientați spre Ecuator. Prezența prelungită a umbrei de pe versanții nordici (în emisfera nordică) sau sudici (în emisfera sudică) menține umiditatea pe aceste pante un timp mai îndelungat, comparativ cu pantele orientate spre soare, prevenind evaporarea prea rapidă a apei, dând astfel arborilor un acces mai ridicat la apă și un sezon mai lung de creștere.

Linia dublă a arborilor
Întrucât diferite specii de arbori au diferite limite de toleranță la uscăciune și frig, liniile arborilor sunt diferite pentru specii diferite. Lanțurile montane izolate de deșerturi sau de întinderi mari de apă au limitate varietăți de specii de arbori cu spații libere, natural create din cauza diferențelor specifice. Astfel, aceste spații libere, unde arborii unei anumite specii nu pot crește, se pot afla deasupra sau dedesuptul linie arborilor pentru alte specii.

Spre exemplu, în cazul a mai multe lanțuri montane din Marele Bazin al Americii de Nord, există linii diferite ale arborilor pentru specii diferite. Astfel, "centura" liniei arborilor pentru specii locale de pin (numită pini Pinyon Pines) este situată la altitudine mai joasă decât arborilor dintr-o varietate de pin mai larg extinsă în arealul respectiv, numită Bristlecone Pines. Între cele două linii "terminus" ale celor două specii de pin, există spații libere, zone de jnepeni și chiar zone de tundră alpină.

Galerie de imagini

Articole pe teme de glaciologie

 Aisberg
 Alpii înalți
 Antarctica
 Arctica
 Ablație (fenomen)
 Balanța masei unui ghețar
 Banchiză
 Calotă glaciară
 Calotă polară
 Circ glaciar
 Climatul calotelor polare
 Criosferă
 Ecoton, tranziția între două comunități ecologice
 Efectul de trecere, efectul de contrast între mediile diferite ale unui ecosistem
 Efectul Massenerhebung
 Gheață
 Ghețar
 Glaciologie
 Încălzirea globală
 Înzăpezire
 Lac glaciar
 Linia arborilor
 Linia ghețarilor
 Linia înghețului
 Linia de îngheț (astrofizică)
 Linia zăpezii
 Listă de țări în care ninge
 Listă de lacuri din România
 Morenă
 Nivologie
 Sculptura în gheață
 Spărgător de gheață
 Zăpadă
 Zonă de ablație
 Zonă de acumulare
</div>

Note

Legături externe

 Northern Wood Lands
 Timberline pe web site-ul National Geographic
 Despre linia arborilor și krummholz

Climate
Conifere
Ecologie forestieră
Ecologie montană

Limita superioară a pădurii


كلاوديو باليوني (Claudio Baglioni) (روما، 16 مايو 1951) مغني مؤلف إيطالية من بين الأكثر شعبية في إيطاليا ، يعتبر مغني مؤلف المشاعر الطيبة ، خصوصاً بأغاني الحب التي ميزت مسيرته في سنوات السبعينات و قادته إلى النجاح الكبير.

خلال مسيرته الأربعينية ، تحرر تدريجياً من هذا الطابع ، و أثبت نفسه فناناً مجدداً و متعددة الأوجه ، وذلك بفضل التطور الموسيقى و الأدبي المستمر ، الأمر الذي أتاح أن يكون له جمهور من مختلف الأجيال ليصل إلى شعبية كبيرة. لطالما تألقت مسيرته بأرقام المبيعات العالية و بحفلاته الحاشدة . أصدر 25 ألبوماً في إيطاليا ، من بينها 16 في الاستوديو ، و 9 من حفلات مباشرة و 4 مجموعات رسمية . معروف خارج إيطاليا خصوصاً في إسبانيا ، بعد أن أصدرت جزءاً لا بأس به من اسطواناته باللغة الإسبانية للسوقين الأيبيري و الأمريكي اللاتيني . تـُرجمت بعض الاسطوانات إلى الإسبانية والفرنسية. وهناك أيضاً نسخة بالبرتغالية و أخرى بالإنجليزية لأغنية "Questo piccolo grande amore".

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أشخاص على قيد الحياة
قادة فرق موسيقية إيطاليون
قادة فرق موسيقية ذكور إيطاليون
قادة فرق موسيقية في القرن 21
مغنو بوب إيطاليون
مغنون إيطاليون
مغنون من روما
مغنون ومغنيات وكتاب أغان إيطاليون
ملحنون إيطاليون
ملحنون وملحنات إيطاليون
مواليد 1951
موسيقيون ذكور إيطاليون في القرن 21
موسيقيون ذكور في القرن 21
قادة فرق موسيقية إيطاليون في القرن 21

كلاوديو باليوني


Substituția electrofilă aromatică (SEAr) este un tip de reacție chimică organică prin care un atom care face parte din nucleul aromatic (de obicei cel de hidrogen) este substituit de un electrofil. Unele dintre cele mai importante astfel de substituții electrofile la nucleul aromatic sunt: nitrarea aromatică, halogenarea aromatică, sulfonarea aromatică și reacțiile Friedel-Crafts de acilare și alchilare.

Forma generală a acestui tip de reacție este:
 ArH + EX → ArE + HX

Exemple
Unul dintre cele mai ilustrative exemple de substituție electrofilă aromatică este reacția de etilare a benzenului:

Aproximativ 24.700.000 de tone au fost produse în 1999. După dehidrogenare și polimerizare, se obține un compus foarte important, polistirenul.

Nitrarea benzenului are loc ca urmare a acțiunii ionului nitroniu asupra electrofilului. Sulfonarea duce la formarea de acid benzensulfonic. Halogenarea se poate face cu brom, clor sau iod, când se obțin halogenurile de aril corespunzătoare. Această reacție de halogenarea este catalizată de trihalogenurile de fier sau de aluminiu corespunzătoare halogenului (FeX3, AlX3):

Reacțiile Friedel-Crafts pot să aibă loc fie sub formă de acilare, fie sub formă de alchilare. De obicei, se folosește clorura de aluminiu ca și catalizator, dar la fel de bine poate fi utilizat orice acid Lewis. Se obțin acilbenzeni și alchilbenzeni:

Mecanism de reacție
Mecanismul general al reacției de substituție electrofilă aromatică, notat cu SEAr, începe cu atacul electrofil al speciei E+ asupra nucleului aromatic, etapă notată cu 1. Această etapă conduce la formarea unui cation ciclohexadienil delozalizat, denumit și ion areniu sau complex σ (sigma), notat cu 2b. În condiții normale de reacție, această specie puternic acidă va dona protonul legat de atomul de carbon hibridizat sp3 solventului (sau oricărei baze mai slabe) cu scopul restabilirii aromaticității. Acest fapt are ca urmare substituirea atomului de H cu specia E pe nucleul aromatic. În unele cazuri, unele grupe pot pleca de pe nucleu fără perechea de electroni, de exemplu: grupe silil (precum SiR3+), grupe carboxi (ca COO + H+), grupe iodo (precum I+), și grupe alchil precum terț-butil (ca R+).

Vezi și
 Substituție electrofilă
 Substituție nucleofilă aromatică

Referințe

Legături externe
  Reacții de substituție aromatică

Reacții de substituție

Substituție electrofilă aromatică


Niklas Eg (født 6. januar 1995 i Kibæk) er en dansk cykelrytter, der kører for . Han er desuden bror til cykelrytteren Simone Eg

Meritter

2012
1. plads samlet, Course de la Paix Juniors
1. plads, 1. etape, Rothaus Regio-Tour (holdtidskørsel)
2. plads samlet, Rothaus Regio-Tour

2017
2. plads samlet, Grand Prix Priessnitz spa
2. plads samlet, Kreiz Breizh Elites
3. plads samlet, Tour de l'Avenir
4. plads samlet Giro della Valle d'Aosta
6. plads Sundvolden GP

2018
5. plads samlet Kroatien Rundt
2019
5. plads samlet Tour of Utah

Deltagelse i Grand Tours

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Mandlige cykelryttere fra Danmark

Niklas Eg


Timothy Ray Bradley Jr. (Cathedral City, California; 29 de agosto de 1983), más conocido como Timothy Bradley, es un ex-boxeador profesional estadounidense. Es el excampeón de la WBO.

El 4 de abril del 2009, peleó para unificar los títulos del CMB y OMB, contra Kendall Holt ganando el combate por decisión unánime y perdiendo días después el título del WBC por no pelear en ese momento contra Devon Alexander, su retador obligatorio.

El 9 de junio de 2012 obtuvo la victoria contra Manny Pacquiao por decisión dividida en una pelea ajustada, en la cual gana el Título Mundial de Peso Wélter de la WBO.

El 16 de marzo de 2013 fue la primera defensa de su título contra el ruso Ruslan Provodnikov. Durante los dos primeros asaltos, el ruso logró poner en muy malas condiciones a Bradley, casi al borde del KO aunque sin caídas oficiales de por medio; incluso en el último asalto Bradley puso rodilla en lona por lo cual recibió la cuenta respectiva. Al final del combate, Bradley ganó la pelea con una controvertida decisión unánime, y retuvo así su título por primera vez.

El 12 de abril de 2014 se volvió a enfrentar al filipino Manny Pacquiao perdiendo su Título Mundial WBO por decisión unánime acabándose su invicto.

Récord profesional

Enlaces externos

Boxeadores de Estados Unidos
Campeones de la Organización Mundial de Boxeo
Campeones del Consejo Mundial de Boxeo
Campeones superligero de boxeo

Timothy Bradley


Jean-François Pierre Peyron (født 1744 i Aix-en-Provence, død 1814 i Paris) var en fransk neoklassisk maler.

Peyron studerede kunst under ledelse af Claude Arnulphy. Senere studerede han hos Louis-Jean-François Lagrenée og betragtedes som en af de bedste malere i sin generation.

Han var en af de første til at på ny anvende klassicistiske principper i kunstneriske værker, i lighed med Nicolas Poussin, på et tidspunkt, hvor den rådende stil var rokokostilen.

Pierre Peyron vandt den prestigefyldte hæderspris Prix de Rome i 1773 og boede i årene 1775-1782 i Rom.

Da han vendte tilbage til Paris, opdagede Pierre Peyron, at hans medkonkurrent Jacques-Louis Davids berømmelse var vokset stærkt og at hans egen betydning var aftagende. Dette blev særligt tydeligt ved udstillingen i salongen i Paris 1785-1787. Ved Peyrons begravelse udtalte David at "han åbnede mine øjne".

Malere fra Frankrig

Jean-François Pierre Peyron


Ioan Demian (n. 5 ianuarie 1878, comuna Hărțăgani, județul Hunedoara – d. 30 ianuarie 1952, comuna Hărțăgani) a fost un deputat în Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, organismul legislativ reprezentativ al "tuturor românilor din Transilvania, Banat și Țara Ungurească", cel care a adoptat hotărârea privind Unirea Transilvaniei cu România, la 1 decembrie 1918.

Studii
Ioan Demian a urmat clasele primare în comuna natală și în Brad, unde a absolvit și clasele I-IV gimnaziale, la gimnaziul ortodox român. Clasele superioare le-a făcut la liceul Andrei Baron de Șaguna din Brașov, unde și-a luat bacalaureatul în anul școlar 1900-1901. Științele în drept le-a făcut la Universitatea din Budapesta, Debrețen și Cluj unde, în anul 1906, și-a luat și Doctoratul în drept. Stagiul de practică l-a făcut la biroul avocatului Dr. Ioan Popp în Brad, Virgil Olariu în Deva și Dr. Iustin Miron în Cubin, jud. Timiș Torontal, iar examenul de avocat la dat la Comisia examinatoare de pe lângă Curtea de Apel din Târgul-Mureș în anul 1908.

Activitate profesională
Ca tânăr avocat și-a deschis biroul de avocatură din orășelul Sănnicolaul-Mare, județul Timiș-Torontal, unde a activat intens pe teren cultural-național, economic, financiar, ca președinte al despărtământului "Astra", președinte al reuniunii de cântări "Doina", conducător și întemeietor al mai multor întreprinderi economice-comerciale din Sănnicolaul-Mare, apoi participând la toate luptele politice ale partidului național român din partea nordică a Torontalului din anul 1909 până în anul 1931, când a fost numit notar public la judecătoria Biled și a părăsit Sinnicolaul-Mare.

Activitate politică
În primele alegeri de după Unire a fost ales deputat în circumscripția Sânnicolaul-Mare, în primul parlament al României-Mari. În 1931 a întemeiat un nou despărțămănt al Astrei și a organizat prima parohie ortodoxă română. În timpul Marii Adunări Naționale de la Alba Iulia Dr. I. Demian, împreună cu preotul român ortodox, Dr. Petm Fleșeriu (din Sănnicolaul-Mare), ajunși la Timișoara și văzând cordonul și opreliștea armatei sârbești, au străbătut prin cordon cu multe greutăți, au luat calea de la Timișoara înapoi spre Periam și apoi spre Aradul-Nou, unde au putut ajunge și apuca trenul spre Alba-Iulia, ajungând acolo în dimineața zilei de 1 decembrie 1918 și participând activ la marea și înflăcărata Adunare Națională.

Note

Bibliografie
 Mircea Vaida-Voevod, Gelu Neamțu, 1 decembrie 1918. Mărturii ale participanților. Ioachim Crăciun: Documennne la un sfert de veac de la Marea unire, Editura Academiei Române, 2005
 Ioan I. Șerban (coord.), Dicționarul personalităților Unirii. Trimișii românilor transilvăneni la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia, Muzeul Național al Unirii, Alba Iulia, 2003

Lectură suplimentară
 Daniela Comșa, Eugenia Glodariu, Maria M. Jude, Clujenii și Marea Unire, Muzeul Național Transilvania, Cluj-Napoca, 1998
 Florea Marin, Medicii și Marea Unire, Editura Tipomur, Târgu Mureș, 1993
 Silviu Borș, Alexiu Tatu, Bogdan Andriescu, (coord.), Participanți din localități sibiene la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, Editura Armanis, Sibiu, 2015

Legături externe
  Membrii de drept ai Marii Adunării Naționale de la Alba-Iulia din 1 decembrie 1918, lista publicată în "Gazeta Oficială", Sibiu, nr. 1, 1/14 decembrie 1918
  1 decembrie 1918, Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia. Mărturii, documente și semnificații

Vezi și
 Lista delegaților la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia

Nașteri în 1878
Delegați la Marea Adunare Națională de la Alba Iulia
Decese în 1952
Avocați români

Ioan Demian


An Indocalamus decorus in uska species han Liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni Qi Hui Dai. An Indocalamus decorus in nahilalakip ha genus nga Indocalamus, ngan familia nga Poaceae. Waray hini subspecies nga nakalista.

Mga kasarigan

Indocalamus

Indocalamus decorus


Alois Hába (Vizovice na Morávia Valáquia, 21 de junho de 1893 - Praga, 18 de novembro de 1973) foi um compositor, teórico musical e professor tcheco.

Vida
Nasceu em uma família de tradição musical: seu pai era músico e o irmão de Alois, Karel Hába, também compositor.

Alois estudou composição com Vítězslav Novák em Praga e completou a sua formação em Viena e Berlim. Recebeu apoio de Josef Suk e com a sua ajuda fundou em 1924 um departamento de música microtonal no Conservatório de Praga. Entre os seus discípulos incluem-se Gideon Klein, Jeronimas Kačinskas e Zikmund Schul.

Gravações representativas

 Complete String Quartets (4 CDs, Bayer Records, Alemanha, 2006), realizados pelo conjunto checo Stamic Quartet
 Alois Hába / Miloslav Kabeláč / Jan Hora / Petr Čech – Complete Organ Works (Vixen, República Checa, 2001, CD)
 Complete Nonets. The Czech Nonet (Supraphon, República Checa, 1995)
 Czech Music of the 20th Century: Alois Hába – Chamber Music. Suk Quartet and Czech Nonet (Praga, França, 1993)
 Mother pela Orquestra do Teatro Nacional de Praga, coro e solistas (Supraphon, Checoslováquia, 1966, 1980 & 1982 – 2LPs; CD)

Leitura adicional

 Alois Hába: Harmonielehre des diatonischen, chromatischen, Viertel-,Drittel-, Sechstel- und Zwölftel-Tonsystems: Theoretischer Teil. Books on Demand, 2008. .
 Alois Hába: Harmonielehre des diatonischen, chromatischen, Viertel-,Drittel-, Sechstel- und Zwölftel-Tonsystems: Praktischer Teil. Books on Demand, 2008. .
 Vlasta Reittererová and Lubomír Spurný: Alois Hába (1893–1973): mezi tradicí a inovací. Prague: Koniasch Latin Press, 2014. .

Links externos

 Lista de trabalhos
 Alois Hába Centre website

Compositores da Chéquia

Alois Hába


A perfect storm is a meteorological event aggravated by a rare combination of circumstances. The term is used by analogy to an unusually severe storm that results from a rare combination of meteorological phenomena.

Origin
The Oxford English Dictionary has published references going back to 1718 for "perfect storm", though the earliest citations use the phrase in the sense of "absolute" or "complete", or for emphasis, as in "a perfect stranger".

The phrase appears in William Makepeace Thackeray's novel Vanity Fair (1847-8)

The first known use of the expression in the meteorological sense is on May 30, 1850, when the Rev. Lloyd of Withington (Manchester, England) describes ″A perfect storm of thunder and lightning all over England (except London) doing fearful and fatal damage″ when recording monthly rainfall measurements for that year. This record is kept by the UK Meteorological Office. The next recorded instance is in the March 20, 1936, issue of the Port Arthur News in Texas: "The weather bureau describes the disturbance as 'the perfect storm' of its type. Seven factors were involved in the chain of circumstances that led to the flood."

In 1993, journalist and author Sebastian Junger planned to write a book about a fishing boat caught in the 1991 Halloween Nor'easter storm. Technically, this storm was an extratropical cyclone. In the course of his research, he spoke with Bob Case, who had been a deputy meteorologist in the Boston office of the National Weather Service at the time of the storm. Case described to Junger the confluence of three different weather-related phenomena that combined to create what Case referred to as the "perfect situation" to generate such a storm:
 warm air from a low-pressure system coming from one direction
 a flow of cool and dry air generated by a high-pressure from another direction
 tropical moisture provided by tropical storm (or hurricane)

From that, Junger keyed on Case's use of the word perfect and coined the phrase perfect storm, choosing to use The Perfect Storm as the title of his book.

Junger published his book The Perfect Storm in 1997 and its success brought the phrase into popular culture. Its adoption was accelerated with the release of the 2000 feature film adaptation of Junger's book.
Since the release of the movie, the phrase has grown to mean any event where a situation is aggravated drastically by an exceptionally rare combination of circumstances.

Although the 1991 Halloween Nor'easter was a powerful storm by any measure, there have been other storms that have exceeded its strength.
According to Case, the type of convergence of weather events to which he was referring, while unusual, is not exceptionally rare or unique, despite the way the phrase is commonly used.

Other uses
From the beginning, the phrase was in heavy use during the financial crisis of 2007–2008, even to the point of pundits anticipating "another perfect storm".

The phrase was awarded the top prize by Lake Superior State University in their 2007 list of words that deserve to be banned for overuse.

See also
Blizzard
Butterfly effect
Hypercane
Spring tide
Superstorm
Synergy

References

External links

National Climate Data Center

Weather hazards
Storm
1710s neologisms

Perfect storm


العمر الضائع أو مروى هو مسلسل مكسيكي مدبلج إلى اللهجة اللبنانية ويعرض حصريا على قناة دوزيم وmtv lebanon وتدور الأحداث في مدينة أكابولكو. مروة فتاة جميلة شابة تسكن بالقرب من الشاطئ في مدينة سياحية تقود قارب بسيط وحياتها بسيطة
أيضا تتوفى والدتها.في نفس اليوم تم محاولة اغتصابها من عبدو وحين قاومت قام بضربها وحرق منزلها وفي نفس الوقت تلقت خبر وفاة والدتها وكانت أمنية والدتها رولا أن يهتم بعا عمها مسعود.ذهبت مروة إلى عائلة مسعود وهناك تتلقى معاملة ازدراء واحتقار وسبيكنون لها الشر ونظرات الغيرة والرفض.و هذه الفتاة السطحية من مجتمع فقير ستحاول أن تتكيف مع الاغنياء بناء على رغبة أمها بأن يهتم بها مسعود دون أن تعلم أنه عمها.هذه الفتاة المتواضعة فجأة غاطسة في عالم الأغنياء الذين يعيشون حياة الترف والمؤامرة والانتقام في هذا الوقت تجد مروة الحب الحقيقي مع رجل مستحيل.

القصة

مروى شابة جذابة ذكية وقوية عملت من أجل كسب المال كي تعيش مع والدتها بكرامة دون اللجوء إلى أحد. تألمت كثيرا عندما فقدت أمها التي كانت تلجأ إلى حضنها بعد نهار طويل مليء بالتعب والعذاب.
تعرضت مروى لمواقف مؤذية كثيرة، لكنها دافعت عن نفسها بشراسة، واضطرت للعيش مع عمها مسعود بعد وفاة أمها بوقت قصير، هذا الأخير عاملها كابنته، فوجدت الحماية والاطمئنان من متاعب الدهر، وهو بدوره سعى جاهدا لمساعدتها وتعليمها.
تعرضت مروى لحادث خلال عملها السابق، سببه وسام ابن عمها الذي لم تتعرف إليه سابقا. أعجب بها وسام من أول نظرة، ومع مرور الوقت ومن خلال تواجدها مع عمها وقع في حبها، وسام شاب تائه ويبذر ماله دون وعي، أجبرته أمه على الزواج من امرأة لا يحبها، لكن حياته تغيرت عندما وقع في حب مروى وتزوجها...
تعلم مروى لاحقا بأنها حامل، وتفرح كثيرا، لكن والدة وسام ستعمل على إبعادهما عن بعضهما البعض. وستصاب مروى بعد ذلك بإحباط شديد بعد اختطاف مولودها، وسرعان ما سيكتشف وسام أن أمه من دبر هذه الحيلة لكي تبعده عن حبيبته...

ابطال المسلسل
 اسمها الحقيقي : Sandra Echeverria
 اسم شخصيتها : مروى
 صوت: أسمهان بيطار
الفتاة الفقيرة التي تتغير حياتها
بمجرد موت امها لتدخل عالم
الأغنياء الذي تجهله من خلال عمها
 اسمه الحقيقي : Manolo Cardona
 اسم شخصيته : وسام
 صوت: حسن المصري
شاب مستهتر لايصلح لشيئ تزوج
باكرا لان والدته ارادت ذلك وهو
لا يطيق زوجته فكيف سيغرم
بمروى الفتاة المتوحشة ؟؟
 اسمها الحقيقي : Aylin Mujica
 اسم شخصيتها : نورا & نجوى
 صوت: ميري أبي جرجس
اختان توأم مختلفتان تمام
الاختلاف ولكل واحدة احلامها
وحياتها الخاصة
نورا الفتاة البسيطة المحتشمة
وسكرتيرة مسعود ونجوى....!!!
 اسمها الحقيقي : Susana Dosamantes
 اسم شخصيتها : عايدة والدة وسام
 صوت: نداء زغيب
امرأة قوية ومتسلطة وشريرة جدا
ولن تتقبل مروى في حياتها
ومنزلها بسهولة !!
 اسمه الحقيقي : Humberto Zurita
 اسم شخصيته : مسعود
 صوت: فؤاد شمص
عم مروة وكان يحب امها سابقا
لكنها لم تحبه بل عشقت اخاه
الذي تركها وهي حامل اوصته
رولا والدة بديعة
بأبنتها وابنة اخية مروى ووعدها
فهل سيفي با الوعد ؟؟
 اسمه الحقيقي : Jorge Luis Vázquez
 اسم شخصيته : اياد
 صوت: ميلاد رزق
شقيق وسام وهو متزوج
من ميادة ولديهما ابن اسمه فؤاد
 اسمه الحقيقي : Carlos Caballero
 اسم شخصيته : عبدو
 صوت: هشام أبو سليمان
كان صديق وسام المغرور والشرير
سيحاول جعل حياة مروة مستحيلة
وذلك لرفضها الاستسلام له كما
يحاول اغتصابها " هويدا الجارة ؛ صوت : (رنا الرفاعي)

طاقم العمل
 كاتب المسلسل : Alberto Gómez &Cristina Policastro
 مخرج المسلسل : David Posada
 مخرج الدبلحة: محمد الطبيلي

البث

روابط خارجية

مراجع

تيلينوفيلا
تيلينوفيلا 2006
تيلينوفيلا 2007
عروض تلفزيونية تقع أحداثها في أكابولكو
مسلسلات أمريكية انتهت في 2007
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أسبانية بدأ عرضها في 2006
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية بدأ عرضها في 2006
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية في عقد 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية أمريكية مبنية على تيلينوفيلا
مسلسلات تلفزيونية إسبانية انتهت في 2007
مسلسلات تلفزيونية بدأ عرضها في 2000
مسلسلات تلفزيونية مكسيكية انتهت في 2007
مسلسلات تلفزيونية مكسيكية بدأ عرضها في 2006
مسلسلات تيلونوفيلا مكسيكية
مسلسلات مدبلجة

العمر الضائع (مسلسل)


Bătrânul muzician este o pictură în ulei pe pânză din 1862 a pictorului francez Édouard Manet, produsă în perioada în care artistul era influențat de arta spaniolă. Pictura trădează, de asemenea, influența lui Gustave Courbet. Această lucrare este una dintre cele mai mari picturi ale lui Manet și este acum conservată la National Gallery of Art din Washington, D.C..

Pictura reprezintă șapte personaje într-un peisaj. Bătrânul muzician din centru care se pregătește să cânte la vioară este Jean Lagrène, liderul unei trupe locale de țigani. În stânga este o fată tânără în picioare, cu un copil în brațe, precum și doi băieți tineri. În fundal, bărbatul cu pălăria înaltă este culegătorul de cârpe și fierarul Colardet. În dreapta, omul oriental (parțial arătat) cu un turban și o haină lungă, îl reprezintă pe Guéroult, un "evreu rătăcitor". Atitudinile și hainele personajelor par să fie inspirate de Diego Velázquez sau Louis Le Nain.

Tabloul conține o serie de aluzii: omul cu pălăria înaltă este același personaj cu cel din Băutorul de absint, pictat de Manet cu câțiva ani mai devreme și care reapare în acest tablou fără un motiv anume. Băiatul tânăr cu pălărie de paie este inspirat în mod clar de Pierrot, pictura cu același nume realizată de Antoine Watteau.

Note

Picturi din 1862
Picturi realizate de Édouard Manet

Bătrânul muzician


Masato Kudo (født 6. maj 1990, død 21. oktober 2022) var en japansk fodboldspiller.

Japans fodboldlandshold

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Eksterne henvisninger

Japan National Football Team Database

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Masato Kudo


Saloio is a non-urban person, i.e., a person living outside a large city in the countryside. Originally, it was a term applied to those who lived in the rural areas surrounding the Portuguese capital Lisbon.

Recently, a cheese manufacturer from the region of Ponte do Rol,  north of Lisbon branded its product Saloio. It is made from sheep's milk with no salt.  It is a firm cheese usually served in small cylinders that are 5 cm wide and 6 cm high.

References

Portuguese cheeses
Sheep's-milk cheeses

Saloio


Agilaz (apelativo protonórdico de *Egil) fue un héroe legendario de Völundarkviða y la saga de Thidrek. La leyenda aparece en testimonios arqueológicos sobre Ægil en inglés antiguo en el cofre de Auzon y el alamánico Aigil de la hebilla de Pforzen.

La versión protonórdica de la leyenda presenta a Egil como un renombrado arquero que se defendió junto a su esposa Alruna (Olrun), frente a numerosos atacantes. El testimonio de la hebilla de Pforzen es incierto al margen de los nombres Aigil y Ailrun, posiblemente se puede añadir que lucharon juntos en una batalla a orillas del río Ilz, que fluye a lo largo del bosque bávaro. El cofre de Auzon muestra una escena con Aegil y su esposa, disparando flechas contra las tropas hostiles.

Völundarkviða
Según Völundarkviða, Egil es hijo del caudillo de los frisones Finn, hermano menor de Slagfiðr, y hermano mayor de Völundr. Los tres hermanos casaron con valquirias que conocieron en forma de cisne. Slagfiðr casó con Hlaðguðr svanhvít, y Völundr con Hervör alvitr, hijas del rey Hlödver, mientras Egil casó con Ölrún, hija del emperador romano Kjárr de Valland.

Saga de Thidrek
En la saga de Thidrek, Egil aparece como un certero maestro arquero que en una occasion se ve forzado a disparar una flecha a una manzana que el rey Níðuðr obligó a colocar sobre la cabeza de su hijo. Tenía dos flechas, pero solo necesitó la primera para acertar. Cuando el rey le preguntó para que quería dos flechas, le contestó que si hubiera fallado y matado a su hijo, la segunda flecha era para el rey. La historia es comparable con otras leyendas germánicas como Guillermo Tell y Palnatoke.

Al contrario que con Guillermo Tell, el rey no intenta castigar a Egil, al contrario le agradece la franqueza. Su hermano Völundr es lisiado por Nidung y permanece cautivo en su corte. Para ayudar a su hermano, Egil le dispara a los pájaros y recoge sus plumas, para que Völundr haga un par de alas y pueda escapar. Völundr enlaza una vejiga llena de sangre alrededor de su cintura y cuando Nidung ordena a Egil que dispare al fugitivo, solo apunta a la vejiga para engañar al rey y permitir a Völundr que se vaya lejos.

Referencias

Bibliografía
 Alfred Becker: "Franks Casket. Zu den Bildern und Inschriften des Runenkästchens von Auzon (Regensburg, 1973), pp 154 - 186, "Zur Wielandsage"
 Robert Nedoma, Noch einmal zur Runeninschrift auf der Gürtelschnalle von Pforzen in: Alemannien und der Norden, ed. Naumann (2004), 340-370.

Enlaces externos
 Simons, Austin, The Cipherment of the Franks Casket (PDF) (en inglés)
 The Tradition of the Weland Saga (en inglés)
 Artículo sobre ÆGILI y el cofre de Auzon (en inglés)

Héroes de la mitología y las leyendas nórdicas
Guerreros vikingos
Historia de la provincia de Frisia

Agilaz


Aloe mubendiensis es una especie de planta suculenta de los aloes. Es endémica de Sudáfrica.

Descripción
Es una planta suculenta  usualmente solitaria, de tallo corto, que alcanza un tamaño de 250-500 mm de altura excluyendo la inflorescencia. Tiene más de 20 hojas, de 175-350 x 50-90 mm, de color azul-verdoso en verano, y azul-púrpura en invierno, la superficie superior es plana o ligeramente canalizada, con muchas manchas claras irregulares, la superficie inferior convexa, linear, con o sin manchas irregulares. Las inflorescencias con un máximo de ± 8 ramas, miden hasta 1 m de altura; formando racimos cilíndricos-cónicos,  de hasta 175 mm de largo, brácteas deltoides, acuminados. Las flores de 19-35 mm de largo de color naranja, brillante o, a veces varían de amarillo a rojo.

Distribución  y hábitat
Se encuentra en Suazilandia y KwaZulu-Natal, con un registro en la frontera de Mpumalanga. Habitan en el valle de sabana en la arena. Es una de las pocas especies que sobreviven cerca de asentamientos humanos y en zonas muy colonizadas.

Las plantas de esta especie son más caulescentes que cualquier otro miembro de esta sección, excepto Aloe angolensis. Una planta muy antigua fue vista cerca de Muden con un tallo postrado de 2 m de largo. Otras características distintivas son las hojas de color verde azulado, que van de un tono de lila  en clima frío, y las superficies inferiores de las hojas que son estriadas.

Taxonomía
Aloe mubendiensis fue descrita por Hugh Basil Christian y publicado en Journal of South African Botany 8: 172, en el año 1942.

Etimología
Ver: Aloe

mubendiensis: epíteto geográfico que alude a su localización en Mubende en Uganda.

Referencias

mubendiensis
Flora de África Meridional
Plantas descritas en 1942
Plantas descritas por Christian

Aloe mubendiensis


Men with Brooms est un film canadien réalisé par Paul Gross, sorti en 2002.

Synopsis

Fiche technique
 Titre : Men with Brooms
 Réalisation : Paul Gross
 Scénario : Paul Gross, Graham Wagner, John Krizanc et Paul Quarrington
 Pays d'origine : Canada
 Genre : comédie
 Date de sortie : 2002

Distribution
 Paul Gross  : Chris Cutter
 Peter Outerbridge  : James Lennox
   : Eddie Strombeck
   : Neil Bucyk
 James B. Douglas  : Donald Foley
 Leslie Nielsen  : Gordon Cutter
 Molly Parker  : Amy Foley
 Barbara Gordon : Eva Foley
 Michelle Nolden  : Julie Foley
 Connor Price : Brandon Foley
 Stan Coles : Ministre
 Darryl Casselman : Ronnie
 Mike 'Nug' Nahrgang : Nug McTeague
 Jane Spidell : Lilly Strombeck
 Polly Shannon : Joanne
 Kari Matchett : Linda Bucyk
 Greg Bryk : Alexander Yount
 Beau Starr : Scott Blendick
 George Karrys : Barnhart
 The Tragically Hip : l'équipe Kingston
 Hannah Gross (non créditée)

Liens externes

Film canadien sorti en 2002
Comédie canadienne
Film sur le sport
Curling au Canada
Film tourné à Toronto

Men with Brooms


Agrilus alexandri é uma espécie de inseto do género Agrilus, família Buprestidae, ordem Coleoptera.

Foi descrita cientificamente por Obenberger, 1933.

Referências

alexandri

Agrilus alexandri


Stanislav Eder ( – ), hrvatski televizijski novinar

Životopis
Rodio se 1924. godine. Od 1947. godine je u novinarstvu. Godine  postaje je reporter na Radio Zagrebu a deset godina poslije prešao je na Televiziju Zagreb. Izvješćivao je brojnim važnim zbivanjima, poput skopskog i banjolučkog potresa, posjetima predsjednika SAD-a Richarda Nixona Zagrebu i Kumrovcu i ostalima. Uređivao je dopisničku mrežu, Dokumentarno-feljtonistički program te je bio pomoćnik urednika Informativnog programa. Hrvatsko novinarsko društvo nagradilo ga je Zlatnim perom  te nagradom za životno djelo Otokar Keršovani  godine. Umro je  godine.

Izvori

izvjestitelji na HTV-u
Izvjestitelji na Hrvatskom radiju

Stanislav Eder


Pavlonya (Paulownia) bir bitki cinsidir. Çin kavağı olarak da bilinir. Yılda yaklaşık 5-6 metre uzaması ve yetiştirmesinin diğer ağaç türlerine göre daha zahmetsiz olması ile bilinir.

Geniş yaprakları ile çok büyük oranlarda co² çözümlemesi yaptığından kent alanlarındaki hava kirliliğinin önlenmesinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca co² çözümlemesinde diğer ağaç türlerinden açık ara lider konumdadır. Bu özelliğiyle son yıllarda Küresel Isınma'ya çare olarak gündeme gelmiştir.

Ayrıca kısa vadede yüksek getirisi olan bir ağaçtır.

Türleri
 Paulownia catalpifolia
 Paulownia elongata
 Paulownia fargesii
 Paulownia fortunei
 Paulownia kawakamii
 Paulownia taiwaniana
 Paulownia tomentosa

Paulowniaceae
Ağaçlar

Pavlonya


Willis Eugene Lamb Jr. (; July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955 "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum." The Nobel Committee that year awarded half the prize to Lamb and the other half to Polykarp Kusch, who won "for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron."  Lamb was able to precisely determine a surprising shift in electron energies in a hydrogen atom (see Lamb shift).  Lamb was a professor at the University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences.

Biography
Lamb was born in Los Angeles, California, United States and attended Los Angeles High School. First admitted in 1930, he received a Bachelor of Science in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1934.  For theoretical work on scattering of neutrons by a crystal, guided by J. Robert Oppenheimer, he received the Ph.D. in physics in 1938. Because of limited computational methods available at the time, this research narrowly missed revealing the Mössbauer Effect, 19 years before its recognition by Mössbauer. He worked on nuclear theory, laser physics, and verifying quantum mechanics.

Lamb was a physics professor at Stanford from 1951 to 1956. Lamb was the Wykeham Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford from 1956 to 1962, and also taught at Yale, Columbia and the University of Arizona. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1963.

Lamb is remembered as a "rare theorist turned experimentalist" by D. Kaiser.

Quantum physics

In addition to his crucial and famous contribution to quantum electrodynamics via the Lamb shift,  in the latter part of his career he paid increasing attention to the field of quantum measurements. In one of his writings Lamb stated that "most people who use quantum mechanics have little need to know much about the interpretation of the subject." Lamb was also openly critical of many of the interpretational trends on quantum mechanics. and of the use of the term photon.

Personal
In 1939 Lamb married his first wife, Ursula Schäfer, a German student, who became a distinguished historian of Latin America (and assumed his last name). After her death in 1996, he married physicist Bruria Kaufman in 1996, whom he later divorced. In 2008 he married Elsie Wattson.

Lamb died on May 15, 2008, at the age of 94, due to complications of a gallstone disorder.

References

External links

Hans Bethe talking about Willis Lamb (video)
Willis E Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics.
  including his Nobel Lecture, December 12, 1955 Fine Structure of the Hydrogen Atom
Collection of articles and group photograph (This photograph taken at Lasers '92 includes, right to left, Marlan Scully, W. E. Lamb, John L. Hall, and F. J. Duarte).
Obituary:Willis E. Lamb Jr., 94; Nobel Prize-Winning Physicist
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

1913 births
2008 deaths
20th-century American physicists
American Nobel laureates
Quantum physicists
Optical physicists
Experimental physicists
Columbia University faculty
National Medal of Science laureates
Nobel laureates in Physics
University of Arizona faculty
UC Berkeley College of Chemistry alumni
Wykeham Professors of Physics
Laser researchers
American people of German descent
Fellows of Optica (society)
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Spectroscopists
Fellows of the American Physical Society

Willis Lamb


The , or IRE for short, was signed by Emperor Meiji of Japan on 30 October 1890 to articulate government policy on the guiding principles of education on the Empire of Japan. The 315 character document was read aloud at all important school events, and students were required to study and memorize the text.

Background
Following the Meiji Restoration, the leadership of the Meiji government felt the need to emphasize the common goals of rapid modernization (westernization) with support and legitimization of the political system centered on the imperial institution. In the 1870s and 1880s, Motoda Nagazane and other conservatives pushed for a revival of the principles of Confucianism as a guide for education and public morality; however, Inoue Kowashi and other proponents of the 'modernization' of Japan felt that this would encourage a return to the old feudal order, and pushed for an "emperor-centered" philosophy. Prime Minister Yamagata Aritomo authorized the drafting of the Rescript, which was a compromise written largely by Inoue Kowashi with input from Motoda Nagazane and others.

After it was issued, the Rescript was distributed to all schools in the country, together with a portrait of Emperor Meiji.

Text
The text in Classical Japanese reads:朕惟フニ我カ皇祖皇宗國ヲ肇ムルコト宏遠ニ德ヲ樹ツルコト深厚ナリ我カ臣民克ク忠ニ克ク孝ニ億兆心ヲ一ニシテ世世厥ノ美ヲ濟セルハ此レ我カ國體ノ精華ニシテ敎育ノ淵源亦實ニ此ニ存ス爾臣民父母ニ孝ニ兄弟ニ友ニ夫婦相和シ朋友相信シ恭儉己レヲ持シ博愛衆ニ及ホシ學ヲ修メ業ヲ習ヒ以テ智能ヲ啓發シ德器ヲ成就シ進テ公益ヲ廣メ世務ヲ開キ常ニ國憲ヲ重シ國法ニ遵ヒ一旦緩急アレハ義勇公ニ奉シ以テ天壤無窮ノ皇運ヲ扶翼スヘシ是ノ如キハ獨リ朕カ忠良ノ臣民タルノミナラス又以テ爾祖先ノ遺風ヲ顯彰スルニ足ラン

斯ノ道ハ實ニ我カ皇祖皇宗ノ遺訓ニシテ子孫臣民ノ俱ニ遵守スヘキ所之ヲ古今ニ通シテ謬ラス之ヲ中外ニ施シテ悖ラス朕爾臣民ト俱ニ拳々服膺シテ咸其德ヲ一ニセンコトヲ庶幾フ

明治二十三年十月三十日

御 名 御 璽
Translated into English:Know ye, Our subjects:

Our Imperial Ancestors have founded Our Empire on a basis broad and everlasting and have deeply and firmly implanted virtue; Our subjects ever united in loyalty and filial piety have from generation to generation illustrated the beauty thereof. This is the glory of the fundamental character of Our Empire, and herein lies the source of Our education.

Ye, Our subjects, be filial to your parents, affectionate to your brothers and sisters; as husbands and wives be harmonious; as friends true; bear yourselves in modesty and moderation; extend your benevolence to all; pursue learning and cultivate arts, and thereby develop intellectual faculties and perfect moral powers; furthermore advance public good and promote common interests; always respect the Constitution and observe the laws; should emergency arise, offer yourselves courageously to the State; and thus guard and maintain the prosperity of Our Imperial Throne coeval with heaven and earth.

So shall ye not only be Our good and faithful subjects, but render illustrious the best traditions of your forefathers. The Way here set forth is indeed the teaching bequeathed by Our Imperial Ancestors, to be observed alike by Their Descendants and the subjects, infallible for all ages and true in all places. It is Our wish to lay it to heart in all reverence, in common with you, Our subjects, that we may thus attain to the same virtue.

Details
The Rescript pushed traditional ideals of Confucianism, and in many ways contributed to the rise of militarism during the 1930s and 40s. The Rescript requested of the people that they "furthermore advance public good and promote common interests; always respect the Constitution and observe the laws; should emergency arise, offer yourselves courageously to the State; and thus guard and maintain the prosperity of Our Imperial Throne coeval with heaven and earth".

The basis of the Rescript was that Japan's unique kokutai (system of government) was based on a historic bond between benevolent rulers and loyal subjects, and that the fundamental purpose of education was to cultivate virtues, especially loyalty and filial piety.

After the end of World War II in Asia following the surrender of Japan, the American occupation authorities forbade the formal reading of the Imperial Rescript in schools, and the National Diet officially abolished it on 19 June 1948.

Kikuchi Dairoku and the Imperial Rescript on Education
In 1907, Kikuchi Dairoku was invited by the University of London to give lectures on education from the middle of February for about five months. The central focus of his lectures was the Imperial Rescript on Education. The request for the lectures was initially communicated to Hayashi Tadasu, then ambassador in London (from December 1905). At first Sawayanagi Matsutaro was to give the lectures, but he was recalled when in Rome on the way to London and Kikuchi gave the lectures instead. As a preparation for the lectures he translated the Imperial Rescript into English.

See also

 Education in the Empire of Japan
 Ho an den: A temple or shrine-like small building that housed the Imperial Rescript on Education, together with a photograph of the Emperor and the Empress.
 Shotouka-Chiri official geography text

Sources
 Japanese Students at Cambridge University in the Meiji Era, 1868–1912: Pioneers for the Modernization of Japan, by Noboru Koyama, translated by Ian Ruxton September 2004, ).

References

Education laws and guidelines in Japan
Empire of Japan
Emperor Meiji
1890 in Japan
Rescripts
Japanese Imperial rescripts

Imperial Rescript on Education


Álex Balboa, né le  à Vitoria-Gasteiz, est un footballeur international équatoguinéen, qui évolue au poste de milieu central au Deportivo Alavés.

Biographie
Balboa est né à Vitoria-Gasteiz, dans le Pays basque, d'un père équatoguinéen et d'une mère santoméenne.

Carrière en club
Balboa est issu du centre de formation du Deportivo Alavés, dont il joue avec l'équipe reserve avant de passer une demi saison en Tercera División avec le club de San Ignacio à Vitoria-Gasteiz.

De retour dans le club phare de l'Alava en , le jeune joueur est une première fois intégré à l'équipe première lors de la pré-saison 2021-22. Continuant à évoluer régulièrement avec l'équipe reserve d'Alavés qui vient d'être reléguée de la Segunda B, il fait ses débuts avec les pros le , titularisé au milieu lors d'une victoire 3-0 contre l'Unami CP en Copa del Rey.

Carrière en sélection
Balboa fait ses débuts internationaux senior avec la Guinée équatoriale le , lors d'une victoire contre la Mauritanie comptant pour les qualifications à la Coupe du monde 2022.

En , il fait partie du groupe pour les phases finales de la Coupe continentale, dans ce qui est la première participation de la Guinée équatoriale à la compétition.

Vie privée
Álex Balboa a notamment fait régulièrement la une des médias people pour sa relation avec Julia Janeiro-Campanario, la fille du matador Jesulín de Ubrique.

Références

Liens externes

Footballeur espagnol
Footballeur international équatoguinéen
Naissance en mars 2001
Naissance à Vitoria-Gasteiz
Joueur du Deportivo Alavés

Álex Balboa


Depuis les années 1990, la construction d'un troisième aéroport international près de Paris est évoquée en complément des plateformes existantes d'Orly et Roissy-Charles-de-Gaulle.

Le projet est officiellement lancé en 1996 en vue d'anticiper la croissance du trafic aérien en région parisienne. Le site de Beauvilliers (Eure-et-Loir) est d'abord sélectionné, avant d'être écarté en 2001 au profit de Chaulnes (Somme). Toutefois, devant l'opposition suscitée et en raison d'un modèle économique incertain, le projet de troisième aéroport est finalement abandonné en 2003.

Historique

Rapport Douffiagues et choix du site de Beauvilliers
En décembre 1994, le ministre des Transports Bernard Bosson charge son prédécesseur Jacques Douffiagues de réaliser un rapport d'anticipation sur les évolutions du trafic aérien dans le Bassin parisien. Le rapport est remis à la nouvelle secrétaire d'État aux transports, Anne-Marie Idrac, le . Outre la construction de deux nouvelles pistes à Paris-Charles-De-Gaulle, l'auteur du rapport esquisse la possibilité de construire à long terme un troisième aéroport en périphérie de Paris, en complément de Roissy. S'il ne se prononce pas officiellement sur sa nécessité, il recommande néanmoins des réservations foncières afin de préserver l'avenir.

En octobre 1995, le gouvernement d'Alain Juppé officialise le projet d'un nouvel aéroport parisien à l'horizon 2015-2030. Si le projet ne se justifie pas par un manque de capacité  il constitue cependant un gage donné aux riverains d'Orly et Roissy qui dénoncent les nuisances liées à l'aviation et refusent tout expansion. En 1996 le site de Beauvilliers, situé en Eure-et-Loir à  de Paris, est sélectionné. Le village de la Beauce, situé en pleine culture céréalière, a l'avantage d'être situé à proximité de l'autoroute A10 et de la LGV Atlantique, mettant ainsi l'aéroport à une vingtaine de minutes de Paris en TGV.

Remise en cause sous le gouvernement Jospin et projet à Chaulnes
En 1997, les élections législatives qui portent au pouvoir le gouvernement socialiste de Lionel Jospin bouleversent le projet. À peine nommé, le Premier ministre annonce l'abandon du site de Beauvilliers. Le ministre des Transports, Jean-Claude Gayssot, est chargé de reprendre les réflexions en vue d'implanter le troisième aéroport parisien. Afin de donner satisfaction aux riverains de Roissy qui refusent tout agrandissement supplémentaire, le gouvernement a en effet promis de limiter la croissance du trafic à  de passagers annuels. Il envisage par conséquent l'établissement d'un nouvel aéroport à l'horizon 2020.

En novembre 2001, le gouvernement Jospin annonce que le site de Chaulnes, dans la Somme, a été retenu. L'aéroport, situé à  au nord de Paris entre Amiens et Saint-Quentin, doit être connecté aux autoroutes A1 et A29 ainsi qu'à la gare TGV Haute-Picardie. Le coût est estimé à . Le projet suscite de nombreux espoirs en Picardie, où l'on attend la création de  liés à la plateforme aéroportuaire.

La pertinence d'un aéroport situé aussi loin de Paris est cependant remise en cause par les opposants, alors que Roissy n'est pas en limite de capacité. À titre de comparaison l'aéroport de Londres-Stansted, ouvert en 1991 à une cinquantaine de kilomètres de Londres, a été un échec retentissant à ses débuts. Localement les communes menacées d'expropriation mènent une lutte farouche contre le projet d'aéroport. En décembre 2001, quarante-six d'entre elles vont jusqu'à organiser un référendum illégal qui réunit  et voit la victoire du  à près de . Parmi les critiques du projet figure le ministre écologiste Yves Cochet, pourtant membre du gouvernement de Lionel Jospin. Début 2002 le candidat écologiste à l'élection présidentielle Noël Mamère rend visite aux opposants.

Abandon du projet
Après les élections présidentielle et législatives de 2002, le sort du troisième aéroport est de nouveau incertain. L'opposition ne faiblit pas et sa rentabilité socio-économique n'est pas établie, alors que Roissy et Orly ne sont pas saturés. La fusion annoncée entre Air France et KLM doit par ailleurs renforcer la place d'Amsterdam-Schiphol et rend caduque l'idée d'une nouvel aéroport parisien. En 2003 le troisième aéroport est officiellement annulé par le ministre des Transports Gilles de Robien.

Postérité
L'idée de troisième aéroport de la région parisienne revient encore sporadiquement sur le devant de la scène.

En 2016, la commission du développement durable et de l'aménagement du territoire de l'Assemblée nationale remet un rapport pour répondre à la saturation d'Orly et Roissy à l'horizon 2034. Celui-ci propose le site de Césarville-Dossainville, dans la Beauce, comme pouvant accueillir un futur troisième aéroport qui serait en correspondance avec l'éventuelle LGV Paris Orléans Clermont-Ferrand Lyon (POCL). Une alternative évoquée est l'ouverture aux passagers de l'aéroport existant de Vatry, dans la Marne.

Les maires de Chartres et de Châteaudun ont proposé, dans le cadre de la reconversion de la base aérienne 279 de Châteaudun qui a fermé en 2021, d'y établir . Ils mettent en avant le fait que cela éviterait de devoir artificialiser des terres agricoles car le site dispose déjà d'une piste de .

Notes et références

Aéroport à Paris

Projet de troisième aéroport en région parisienne


Xavier Lleonart Blanco né le 22 juin 1990 à Terrassa, est un joueur de hockey sur gazon espagnol. Il évolue au poste d'attaquant au Real Club de Polo et avec l'équipe nationale espagnole.

Il a participé aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012, 2016 et 2020.

Carrière

Coupe du monde
 Top 8 : 2010, 2014
 Premier tour : 2018

Championnat d'Europe
  : 2019
 Top 8 : 2013, 2015, 2017, 2021

Jeux olympiques
 Top 8 : 2012, 2016, 2020

Références

Liens externes

Joueur espagnol de hockey sur gazon
Naissance en juin 1990
Naissance à Terrassa
Joueur de hockey sur gazon aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2012
Joueur de hockey sur gazon aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2016
Joueur de hockey sur gazon aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 2020

Xavi Lleonart


In grammar, the terminative or terminalis case (abbreviated ) is a case specifying a limit in space and time and also to convey the goal or target of an action.

Assamese
In the Assamese language, the terminative case is indicated by the suffix  :

Bashkir
In the Bashkir language, the terminative case is indicated by the suffix :

However, postpositions  (),  (),  () 'till, up to' are more frequently used in Bashkir to convey this meaning.

Classical Hebrew
T.J. Meek has argued that "the so-called locative " in Classical Hebrew "is terminative only and should be renamed terminative ."

Estonian
In the Estonian language, the terminative case is indicated by the '-ni' suffix:

: 'to the river'/'as far as the river'
: 'until six o'clock'

Hungarian
The Hungarian language uses the '-ig' suffix.

: 'as far as the house'
: 'until six o'clock'

If used for time, it can also show how long the action lasted.

: 'for six hours'/'six hours long'
: 'for a hundred years'

It is not always clear whether the thing in terminative case belongs to the interval in question or not.

: 'I stayed until the concert (ended or started?)' Here it is more likely that the person only stayed there until the concert began.
: 'Say a number from 1 to (until) 10.' However here 10 can be said as well.

The corresponding question word is ?, which is simply the question word ? ('what?') in terminative case.

Sumerian
In Sumerian, the terminative case  not only was used to indicate end-points in space or time but also end-points of an action itself such as its target or goal. In this latter role, it functioned much like an accusative case.

Finnish
The use of the postposition asti (or synonymously saakka)  with the illative (or allative or sublative) case in Finnish very closely corresponds to the terminative.  These same postpositions with the elative (or ablative) case also express the opposite of a terminative:  a limit in time or space of origination or initiation.

Japanese
The Japanese particle まで (made) acts like a terminative case.

See also
 Cessative aspect
 Desiderative mood
 List of grammatical cases

Further reading

References

Grammatical cases

Terminative case


Daniel Joseph Greene (c. 1850 – December 12, 1911) was a Newfoundland politician who briefly served as the colony's Premier.

A native of St. John's, he studied law at Laval University and became a lawyer. Daniel Greene was first elected to the House of Assembly in 1875 and became Leader of the Opposition in 1887. In 1889 he became a minister in the government of Liberal Premier Sir William Whiteway. A year after the controversial 1893 elections Whiteway's government was dismissed by the governor Arthur Murray due to petitions alleging corrupt electoral practices. Murray appointed Tory leader Augustus F. Goodridge as the new premier and helped the minority government stay in office. However, Goodridge resigned in December 1894 after the collapse of two banks.

Greene had become acting Liberal leader due to the disbarment of Whiteway from holding electoral office. On December 13, 1894, following the collapse of Goodridge's government, Greene was sworn in as premier.

Green's government promptly passed the Disabilities Removal Act  allowing  candidates who had been disqualified because of election irregularities in 1893 to seek election again. Specifically, it allowed Whiteway to return as Premier which occurred on February 8, 1895 when Greene resigned.

He died in St. John's in 1911.

His nephew Joseph M. Greene also served in the Newfoundland House of Assembly from 1928 to 1932. Joseph Green's son, James Greene, was leader of the Opposition Conservative Party from 1960 to 1966.

See also
Université Laval

References

External links

Premiers of Newfoundland Colony
Politicians from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
1850s births
1911 deaths

Daniel Joseph Greene


Der Liechtensteinische ArbeitnehmerInnenverband (LANV) ist die einzige Gewerkschaft im Fürstentum Liechtenstein. Dementsprechend versteht sich der Verband mit Sitz in Triesen als parteipolitisch und konfessionell unabhängiger, gewerkschaftlicher Verband zur Vertretung aller Branchen und Berufe. Derzeitiger Präsident ist Sigi Langenbahn.

Der LANV ist Mitglied des Europäischen Gewerkschaftsbundes, des Internationalen Gewerkschaftsbundes, sowie des Interregionalen Gewerkschaftsrates Bodensee.

Struktur

Mitglieder der Gewerkschaft können in Liechtenstein oder im Ausland arbeitende Liechtensteiner sowie in Liechtenstein arbeitende Ausländer werden. Im Juli 1997 wurde die «Sektion Frauen» gegründet, die sich für verbesserte Rahmenbedingungen für Frauen in der Arbeitswelt einsetzt.

Geschichte
1920 erfolgte die Gründung als parteipolitisch und konfessionell unabhängige Gewerkschaft «Arbeiterverband». 1931 spaltete sich die Gewerkschaft in den «oberen Verband» mit Sitz in Triesen und den gemässigteren «unteren Verband» mit Sitz in Schaan. 1935 schlossen sich beide Verbände wieder zusammen. Der Arbeiterverband verfolgte nun eine Politik der Zusammenarbeit mit der Regierung des Fürstentums. 1970 erfolgte eine Umbenennung in «Liechtensteinischer Arbeitnehmerverband». 2002 erhielt der Verband schliesslich seinen heutigen Namen. Im Dezember 2008 wurde der LANV in den Internationalen Gewerkschaftsbund aufgenommen.

Publikationen
Der «obere Verband» veröffentlichte von März 1932 bis Juli 1933 die «Liechtensteinische Arbeiter-Zeitung». Heute veröffentlicht der Liechtensteinische ArbeitnehmerInnenverband die Verbandszeitung «LANV info».

Weblinks
 Offizielle Internetseite: www.lanv.li
 Eintrag des LANV auf www.e-archiv.li

Einzelnachweise

Gewerkschaft
Organisation (Triesen)
Wirtschaftsorganisation (Liechtenstein)

Liechtensteinischer ArbeitnehmerInnenverband


مونتيليون دي فيرمو  هو تقسيم إداري في مقاطعة أسكولي بيتشينو في جهة ماركي بإيطاليا.

السكان

في سنة 1861 بلغ عدد السكان  نسمة، وتطور العدد ليصل في سنة 2011 لـ  نسمة.

مراجع

مدن وبلدات في ماركي

مونتيليون دي فيرمو


Naruto, Japonca bir kelimedir. Şu anlamlara gelebilir:

Medya
 Naruto, Uzumaki Naruto isimli ninjanın olduğu Japon anime/manga serisidir.

Yer
 鳴門 -- Naruto, Tokushima, Japonya'da bir şehir.
 成東 -- Narutō, Chiba, bir Japon kasabası.
 Naruto Boğazı, Japonya Awaji adası ve Shikoku arasında.
 Naruto girdabı Naruto Boğazında Naruto, Tokushima'ya gelen turistlerin ilgisini çeken bir yer.

Diğer
 Bir çeşit kamaboko, pembe burgulu deseni, raamen gibi makarnaların üstüne veya sıcak sobanın üstüne koyulan bir şeydir. İsmini Naruto Boğazı'ndan alır.
 "@" işareti için Japonca takma isimdir.

Kaynakça
En İyi Anime Listesi

Naruto


Viorel Riceard Badea () este un senator român, ales în legislatura 2008-2012 pe listele PDL. În legislatura 2012-2016, Viorel Riceard Badea a fost ales pe listele PDL dar din februarie 2015 a devenit membru PNL. În legislatura 2016-2020, Viorel Riceard Badea a fost ales senator pe listele PDL.

În legislatura 2008-2012,  Viorel Riceard Badea a fost membru în grupurile parlamentare de prietenie cu Republica Italiană, Republica Irak, Republica Serbia, Albania și Regatul Spaniei. În cadrul activității sale parlamentare, Viorel Riceard Badea  a fost membru în comisia pentru politică externă - Vicepreședinte (până în mar. 2011), în comisia pentru românii de pretutindeni - Președinte și în comisia pentru privatizare și administrarea activelor statului (mar. - sep. 2011). De asemena, Viorel Riceard Badea a inițiat 41 de propuneri legislative, din care 7 au fost promulgate legi.

În legislatura 2012-2016, Viorel Riceard Badea a fost membru în grupurile parlamentare de prietenie cu Republica Serbia, Republica Arabă Egipt, Regatul Norvegiei și Republica Irak.  Viorel Riceard Badea a fost membru în comisia pentru politică externă și în comisia pentru românii de pretutindeni.

În legislatura 2016-2020, Viorel Riceard Badea este membru în grupurile parlamentare de prietenie cu Republica Libaneză, Sultanatul Oman și Emiratele Arabe Unite.

Vezi și
 Legislatura 2012-2016 (Senat)
 Parlamentul României

Legături externe
 Activitatea parlamentară

Nașteri în 1968
Senatori români 2012-2016
Senatori români 2008-2012
Politicieni români în viață
Senatori români 2016-2020
Membri ai Partidului Național Liberal
Membri ai Partidului Democrat-Liberal
Senatori români 2020-2024
Craioveni

Viorel Riceard Badea


Kirsten Flipkens (Geel, Bélgica, 10 de enero de 1986), es una tenista belga, su mayor puesto en el ranking de la WTA fue el 13.

En 2013 obtuvo su mejor resultado en un Grand Slam, al llegar a las semifinales de Wimbledon, siendo derrotada en esa instancia por la francesa Marion Bartoli (a la postre, campeona del torneo), con marcador de 1-6 y 2-6.

Torneos de Grand Slam

Dobles mixto

Finalista (1)

Títulos WTA (8; 1+7)

Individual (1)

Finalista (3)

Dobles (7)

Finalista (8)

Enlaces externos

Tenistas femeninas de Bélgica
Campeones de Wimbledon junior
Tenistas en los Juegos Olímpicos de Río de Janeiro 2016
Mujeres de Bélgica del siglo XXI

Kirsten Flipkens