Mark Alan Webber  (born 27 August 1976) is an Australian former racing driver who competed in Formula One from 2002 to 2013 and the FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC) between 2014 and 2016. He is a champion of the 2015 FIA WEC for Porsche with German Timo Bernhard and New Zealander Brendon Hartley.

Webber began karting at age 12 or 13 and achieved early success, winning regional championships before progressing to car racing in the Australian Formula Ford Championship and the British Formula 3 Championship. He competed for two years opposite Bernd Schneider in the FIA GT Championship with the AMG Mercedes team, finishing runner-up in the 1998 season with five wins in ten races before finishing second in the 2001 International Formula 3000 Championship driving for Super Nova Racing. Webber made his F1 debut with the Minardi team in the 2002 season and finished fifth in his first race, the . He moved to the Jaguar squad for the  and 2004 championships. For the 2005 season, he was granted an early release from his contract with Jaguar and joined the Williams team, securing his first podium finish at the . Webber remained at Williams until , driving for the Red Bull team for the rest of his F1 career. He won nine F1 , thirteen pole positions and finished third in the World Drivers' Championship in the ,  and 2013 seasons.

He left Formula One after 2013 and moved to the World Endurance Championship, sharing a Porsche 919 Hybrid with Bernhard and Hartley in the fully-professional Le Mans Prototype 1 class from the 2014 to 2016 seasons. The trio won eight races in the final two seasons and the 2015 World Endurance Drivers' Championship. He retired from motor sport in 2016, becoming a television pundit for Britain's Channel 4 and Australia's Network 10 and a driver manager. Webber received the Australian Sports Medal in 2000 and was appointed Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2017 Australia Day Honours. Webber is an inductee of both the Australian Motor Sport Hall of Fame and the FIA Hall of Fame.

Early and personal life

On 27 August 1976, Webber was born to middle-class parents, motorcycle dealer and petrol station owner Alan Webber and his wife Diane, in the small New South Wales town of Queanbeyan located in the Tablelands, on the Queanbeyan River banks, near Canberra. His paternal grandfather was a firewood merchant. Webber has an elder sister, Leanne. He was educated at the nearby Isabella Street Primary School and Karabar High School (KHS). Webber represented KHS in athletics and rugby league and did Australian rules football, cricket and swimming after his mother encouraged him to get involved in as many sports as possible. At age 13, he was a ball boy for the rugby league team Canberra Raiders for a year and earned money delivering pizzas in the Canberra and Queanbeyan areas in his late schooling years. Webber also worked as an apprentice plumber and woodcutter. He lives in the small Buckinghamshire village of Aston Clinton with his wife Ann Neal and is stepfather to her son from a previous relationship.

Early racing career
Webber began driving motorbikes on weekends from about age four or five on his maternal grandfather's  farm. Webber was not encouraged to seriously take up motorcycling by his father, because he sponsored some local children who were injured in motorbike accidents. At about 12 or 13, he switched to karting, buying a go-kart from a school friend's father. He developed himself at a local indoor go-kart centre near his home. Webber received a second-hand worn out go-kart from his father in 1990 and drove it about once a month at the Canberra Go-Kart Club and in meetings in and around Canberra. Andy Lawson, owner of Queanbeyan Kart Centre, built karts around Webber's frame and Webber's father leased his petrol station and worked long hours at a car dealer to fund his son's karting activities. Webber opted for karting, and made his junior-level karting debut in 1991 aged 14, winning the 1992 Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales (NSW) State championships. In 1993, Webber won the Canberra Cup, the King of Karting Clubman Light Class titles, the 1993 Top Gun Award at the Ian Luff Advanced Driving School, and the 1993 NSW Junior National Heavy Championship in a Lawson kart with a larger, more powerful engine.

In 1994, he made his car racing debut, competing in the eight-round Australian Formula Ford Championship featuring non-aerodynamically dependent open-wheel racing vehicles fitted with treaded tyres. He drove Craig Lowndes' championship-winning 1993 RF93 Van Diemen FF1600 car that his father purchased. Webber achieved a season-high third at Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit for 14th in the Drivers' Championship with 30 points and second in the Rookie of the Year standings. He was disqualified from the non-championship  Formula Ford support race for passing the field on the formation lap. In late 1994, Webber's father asked English-born media officer Ann Neal to locate sponsorship for Webber; Neal located support from the Australian Yellow Pages after she and Webber reviewed six proposals. Webber moved to Sydney from Queanbeyan to be closer to Australia's motor racing industry. When not racing, he earned money working part-time as a driving instructor at Oran Park Raceway defensive driving school.

He entered the 1995 Australian Formula Ford Championship with Yellow Pages Racing driving a 1995 Van Diemen car, finishing fourth overall with three victories, three pole positions and 158 points in a high-quality field. Webber finished second at both Mallala Motor Sport Park rounds of the 1995 Australian Drivers' Championship driving a Birrana Racing Reynard 90D-Holden car for seventh in the Drivers' Championship with 32 points. In October 1995, he moved to the London suburb of Hainault, to further his racing career. He entered the Formula Ford Festival at Brands Hatch with the Van Diemen factory team, and finished the race third. The result impressed team owner Ralph Firman Sr. enough to sign Webber to Van Diemen for both the 1996 European Formula Ford Championship and the 1996 British Formula Ford Championship, finishing third and second overall, respectively. He won four races in the British series, finishing second in the championship behind teammate Kristian Kolby, and was also third in the Formula Ford Euro Cup driving two of the three rounds with a win at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps. Webber won the Formula Holden  support race, and the Formula Ford Festival.

In 1997, he elected to skip Formula Renault and Formula Vauxhall on sponsors advice, and signed a contract to progress to the higher-tier British Formula Three Championship with Alan Docking Racing (ADR). Webber was ADR's lead driver complemented by two funded non-competitive teammates, and was told to bring funding to ADR. Driving a Dallara F397 car powered by an old Mugen Honda engine purchased by the Webber family, he won the Brands Hatch Grand Prix event and came fourth overall with 131 points. Webber was voted Rookie of the Year as 1997's highest-placed rookie. His funding almost dried up mid-season until motor racing journalist Peter Windsor suggested Webber solicit funding from rugby union player and family friend David Campese to complete the year and stop Webber ending his international career early. Webber's season was put on a race-by-race basis and he received offers from Renault and Jackie Stewart. He also finished third in the Masters of Formula 3 and fourth in the Macau Grand Prix for ADR.

Sports car racing and International Formula 3000 (1998–2001)

After testing at the A1 Ring, Webber rejected an offer from Mercedes-Benz motorsports boss Norbert Haug to drive a CLK GTR car at the FIA GT Nürburgring 4 Hours in place of Alexander Wurz. However, he did agree to race for the AMG Mercedes team in the 1998 FIA GT Championship. Haug selected Webber after AMG Mercedes' Gerhard Ungar liked Webber's tenacity. Webber was paired with touring car driver Bernd Schneider, who mentored him driving-wise and in vehicle mechanics. Driving the  1 Mercedes-Benz CLK GTR, he and Schneider won five races and took eight podium finishes, finishing championship runner-up to teammates Klaus Ludwig and Ricardo Zonta after a title duel with the sister team lasting to the season's final round.

In June 1998, Webber entered his first 24 Hours of Le Mans having pre-qualified due to Schneider's 1997 FIA GT Championship win. He, Ludwig and Schnieder retired their Le Mans-specific CLK-LM car after 75 minutes due to a steering pump fault causing an engine failure. Late in the year, Campese Management managed Webber until Neal resumed her professional relationship with Webber; she suggested that Webber enter the International Formula 3000 (IF3000) in 1999 pending funding. Webber entered the 1999 24 Hours of Le Mans after the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) abolished the FIA GT Championship GT1 category due to a lack of manufacturer entries for 1999. Sharing the No. 4 Mercedes-Benz CLR with Jean-Marc Gounon and Marcel Tiemann, a car aerodynamic fault caused Webber to go airborne in qualifying between Mulsanne Corner and Indianapolis corner and on the Mulsanne Straight in race-day warm up, forcing his withdrawal from the race.

Webber's relationship with Mercedes-Benz cooled following Le Mans because he felt they were unworried about him. He rejected Haug's offer to compete in American open-wheel racing. Greg Moore's death in an accident in California in October 1999 prompted Webber to focus on European single-seater racing. His Mercedes-Benz contract was terminated around November following negotiations. Airline magnate Paul Stoddart, through talks with Jordan Grand Prix team owner Eddie Jordan, offered to underwrite $1.1 million for Webber to combine F3000 and planned Formula One (F1) testing. Webber signed to drive a Lola-Ford Zytek car for the Arrows F3000 team in the 2000 IF3000 Championship, finishing third in the Drivers' Championship with 21 points, winning at Silverstone, achieving two podium results and retiring four times.

For 2001, he moved to the Benetton Formula-affiliated, reigning teams' champions Super Nova Racing, replacing Nicolas Minassian. Webber, the title favourite, tended to overestimate the Lola car's grip whilst combining F3000 racing with regular access to F1 vehicles for testing. Webber won at Imola, Monaco and Magny-Cours and was second at the Nürburgring. Four consecutive retirements in the final four rounds prevented him from winning the championship, and he scored 39 points, finishing runner-up to Justin Wilson.

Formula One career (1999–2013)

Testing (1999–2001)
Webber made his F1 test debut with the Arrows team in a two-day session organised by Stoddart at the Circuit de Catalunya in December 1999. Plans to drive the Arrows A21 car at Silverstone in July 2000 was cancelled, when he and Stoddart rejected a binding contract for  from team owner Tom Walkinshaw. Webber received a three-day evaluation test at Estoril two months later following talks with Benetton. After that, Webber and his legal team agreed terms with Benetton team owner Flavio Briatore to be Benetton's test and reserve driver. He developed the car for racers Jenson Button and Giancarlo Fisichella for 2001 and would replace one of them if they got ill or injured. Webber tested frequently for Benetton and helped to improve the team's performance for the season's end. He joined Briatore's managerial stable in May 2001 on a ten-year contract when Neal said that she wanted to step back from driver management.

Minardi and Jaguar (2002–2004)

Ron Walker and telecommunications company Telstra successfully lobbied for Webber to replace Fernando Alonso at Minardi for the first three races of the  season. Webber's Minardi PS02-Asiatech car was underdeveloped and he was barely able to fit inside it due to his height. He hoped to become experienced enough to make progress in F1. He qualified 18th for the season-opening  and finished fifth following a plethora of first-lap retirements in his debut race. Stoddart consequently retained Webber for the rest of the season. At the  four races later, Webber and his teammate Alex Yoong were withdrawn from the race due to three wing failures during practice. He outperformed Yoong and the latter's two-race replacement Anthony Davidson since he was the only Minardi driver using power steering due to budgetary constraints. Webber frequently beat the Arrows and Toyota teams, and his best result for the rest of the season was eighth at the . Webber was 16th overall with two points.

In 2002, Webber's management were concerned about Minardi's financial situation. They arranged a test session and evaluation in the more powerful Jaguar R3 in mid-2002. Toyota and Jaguar were interested in Webber, but he joined Jaguar in November 2002, replacing the aging Eddie Irvine. Webber was underprepared as his Jaguar R4 car had a highly unreliable Cosworth V10 engine and rapidly wearing rear tyres. At the  season's third round, the , he qualified a season-high third but crashed after losing grip driving through water to cool his tyres late in the rain-affected race. Webber scored points seven times in 2003 with his best result being three sixth-places for 10th in the Drivers' Championship with 17 points. Webber crashed less frequently than he had done in F3000, and his qualifying and race pace saw him outperform both Antônio Pizzonia and Wilson. He was touted as a future star despite poor reliability and a weak car package.

Webber was offered a five-year extension to his contract but signed a two-year extension instead. During the  season, Webber contributed to the Jaguar R5's technical development and was consistent year-round, extracting extra car performance and regularly outperforming his Red Bull-backed teammate Christian Klien. He drove the underperforming and unreliable R5 vehicle causing him to retire from 8 out of 18 races. However, Webber scored points four times with a season-high start of second at the  and a best finish of sixth at the . He placed 13th overall with 7 points.

Williams (2005–2006)
Frank Williams, the Williams team owner, was interested in Webber and he and Neal thought driving for the team would advance his career. Webber activated a performance clause that released him from Jaguar if an improved offer came along. Williams released Sauber driver Fisichella from his contract with the team and Webber was signed by Williams to replace Fisichella for . He was granted an early release from Jaguar following the season-ending  so he could test for Williams, and prepared for the season by doing fitness training with cyclist Lance Armstrong at a training camp in Texas.

Webber replaced the Toyota-bound Ralf Schumacher at Williams, and was joined by Nick Heidfeld for most of the season and Pizzonia for the final five races following injury to Heidfeld. The Williams FW27 car was aerodynamically poor due to incorrectly calibrated wind tunnels, lacked race speed and was poor starting, seeing him lose positions after qualifying well. In a pre-season test session in mid-February, he sustained a broken left-side rib and damaged rib cartilage when he did not exercise correctly prior to driving. In the first two races of the season he competed on painkillers prescribed to him by FIA medical director Gary Hartstein to manage the pain from these injuries. Webber finished third in Monaco for his first F1 podium finish and tallied points in ten races in 2005. His best start was second in Spain and qualified within the top five in the first seven rounds. Webber was involved in five race collisions and burnt his right hip in France due to heat generated by an failed external electronics box penetrating his car's cockpit. He was 10th in the Drivers' Championship with 36 points, admitting that his reputation faltered. Webber out-qualified Heidfeld nine times, beat him six times and out-qualifying Pizzonia five times that season.

Although informed by Frank Williams and technical director Patrick Head of his poor performance, Webber remained at Williams for  since no other driver wanted to drive for the team. He became distant from Williams and disliked its management because he expected to feel comfortable there; he stayed with the team because he felt "there was something left" and was loyal to Williams, and rejected an offer to join the BMW Sauber team. Webber's teammate that year was GP2 Series champion Nico Rosberg. His FW28 car ran Bridgestone tyres and a Cosworth V8 engine after BMW ended its partnership with Williams and purchased the Sauber team. His unreliable, under-powered car retired inside the top three in both Australia and Monaco early in 2006. Webber was 14th overall tallying 7 points; his best results were two sixth places in Bahrain and San Marino.

Red Bull Racing (2007–2013)

2007–2009
Webber did not re-sign with Williams after he was offered less money for a two-year contract. Webber became disillusioned with F1 because their press relations would not let competitors speak freely to the press. Briatore directed Webber to the Red Bull Racing team; they became interested in the team after they purchased Jaguar in late 2004 and signed world championship-winning technical director Adrian Newey to design the RB3-Renault car. His switch from Williams to Red Bull was confirmed in August 2006, replacing Klien and partnering the experienced David Coulthard. His move to Red Bull had been surprising as it was formed to promote young drivers and the drinks company.

Before the season, Webber enquired about Red Bull adviser and junior formula team owner Helmut Marko for his treatment of young drivers and was told by team principal Christian Horner to obey Marko to avoid conflict. The RB3 proved to be a quick but unreliable car, causing Webber to retire seven times during the season. He scored his first points of 2007 when he finished seventh in the United States and took his second career podium finish with a third-place finish at the  three races later. Webber scored once more that year with another seventh place at the . He was on course to finish well at the rain-affected  until Toro Rosso's Sebastian Vettel crashed into the rear of his car behind the safety car, eliminating both drivers from the race. Webber tallied 10 points for 12th overall and beat his teammate Coulthard 15 times in qualifying.

Webber remained at Red Bull for the  season and was again joined by Coulthard, driving a more reliable RB4 car equipped with a new reliable gearbox and a heavier front. Webber frequently qualified well and scored points at nine of the season's 18 rounds. He occasionally outperformed drivers with better machinery and he scored points in six of the first eight races, which included a season-high fourth at the . He qualified a season-high second for the  but finished tenth in the wet-weather race. Thereafter, Webber's performance for the remainder of the season diminished mainly because Red Bull opted to sacrifice speed so it could focus on constructing a new car to comply with the regulation changes being applied for the  championship. He scored points three more times in the final nine races for 21 points and 11th in the Drivers' Championship.

Because of Red Bull's performance, Webber remained at the team for 2009.
Webber sustained multiple injuries in a head-on collision with a car at a charity endurance cycling event in Port Arthur, Tasmania in November 2008, including a fractured right leg. He skipped a three-day pre-season test session held at the Jerez circuit, but was able to regain enough fitness to drive in an F1 car at the 2009 pre-season test sessions at Jerez and Barcelona, due to the late launch of the RB5 car. Webber underwent surgery between events to avoid contracting infections.

Vettel, who was promoted from Toro Rosso to replace the retiring Coulthard, became Webber's teammate. Webber consistently scored points in seven of the first eight races, including three podium finishes to briefly become a championship contender. His performances improved when the new RB5 car's double diffuser was introduced. At the , Webber overcame a drive-through penalty he incurred for a first-lap collision with Rubens Barrichello's Brawn GP car to achieve his first career victory from his maiden pole position. Webber was informed by Red Bull that he and Vettel could race each other "for the foreseeable future" even when trying to reduce Button's points lead. He moved to second overall after finishing third in Hungary but fell to fourth due to driver, team and reliability errors in the next four races. At the season's penultimate round, the , Webber took his second career victory and held off Button to finish second at the season's final race in Abu Dhabi for fourth overall and 69.5 points.

2010–2013

Webber and Red Bull negotiated a contract extension to the  championship to reward his performance in 2009. His RB6 car was designed to channel engine exhaust gases through a bodywork slot to the diffuser's central area for more downforce and cornering speed. A knee training injury forced Webber to delay his preparation because a surgeon conducted a full knee incision. Inactivity during surgery increased Webber's weight to ; a strict diet kept his weight at . Upon his return to racing, he led the Drivers' Championship at various points during the season, achieving four Grand Prix victories and three pole positions. An accident with Rosberg at the  and a second-place finish at the following  put Webber eight points behind Alonso and seven ahead of Vettel entering the season-ending . Webber needed to win the race and for Alonso to place third or lower to secure the championship. He was eighth in the race, which Vettel won and Alonso came seventh. Webber was third overall with 242 points. After the season, Webber was angry with Red Bull's management, thinking they devalued his achievements that year. He collided with Vettel in a duel for the lead at the , which cooled his relationship with Marko who blamed Webber for the accident and favoured Vettel, something Webber felt again after Vettel received a new front wing intended for Webber at the .

He signed a Red Bull contract extension for the  season before the , having agreed with the team to sign one-year contracts late in his career for ability and quality assessment. Webber's mental state worsened because he was ready to retire after a title win to stop all negativity related to his racing career. His RB7 car equipped with the kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) and drag reduction system devices and an exhaust-blown diffuser produced lots of rear grip. Webber was hindered by intermittent KERS failures that Red Bull rectified and he was frustrated with the quickly degrading Pirelli tyres losing their performance when a driver was in the aerodynamic turbulence of another car. He made slower starts due to the car's ballast distribution compromised by the KERS' additional weight exacerbated by him weighing  more than Vettel.

Dietrich Mateschitz, Red Bull's owner, directed the team to allow both Webber and Vettel to race each other. Webber came no lower than fifth in the first four races, finishing third and second in China and Turkey. He finished the  fourth from pole position. Webber took consecutive pole positions at the British and German Grands Prix and seven podiums from eleven top-tens in the next 13 events. He won the season-ending  to take third overall from Alonso with a career-high 258 points. Webber initially struggled with the new Pirelli tyres, producing a greater amount of lateral load than his teammate Vettel and was more aggressive accelerating. His qualifying and race performances improved once he became better acquainted with the tyres. Webber made fewer pit stops by copying strategies used by other drivers after previously stopping more often from racing competitively.

Webber signed to remained at Red Bull for the  season on the day of the . Webber's decision to re-sign was made more difficult in mid-2011 because of his poor qualifying performance on Pirelli tyres but noted the potential of Newey's car designs. The RB8 car was not as dominant as its two predecessors; Webber finished fourth in the first four races, hampered by minor mechanical problems and faulty KERS. He became frustrated with F1 racing after a poor performance at the  but he won the  from pole position and the  three races later after passing Alonso with eight laps left to go second overall behind Alonso. Webber took two more podium finishes in Korea and India during the season's final 11 races, finishing 2012 sixth overall tallying 179 points.

Webber remained at Red Bull for the  championship: he wanted to honour an earlier promise he had made to Horner and Mateschitz to stay at the team until his F1 career was over. He rejected an offer from Ferrari team principal Stefano Domenicali to partner Alonso and replace Felipe Massa for a year with a second optional, feeling switching teams would be inappropriate. He briefly lightened his training over the pre-season period when a titanium rod in his right leg was removed in December 2012. After restarting training that month, Webber decided to retire from F1 after 2013 because he wanted to spend more time with his family, demotivation with F1 since drivers could not criticise Pirelli's tyres for fear of possibly upsetting others and the politics when large sums of money were involved. Webber was assigned Simon Rennie as his race engineer when his previous engineer, Ciaron Pilbeam, became the Lotus team's chief race engineer.

His RB9 car initially struggled possibly due to its aerodynamic profile on the new softer Pirelli compounds but performed better when the 2012 compounds were re-introduced mid-season. At the , the season's second round, Webber was overtaken by Vettel in the closing laps to win the race after Vettel ignored the team order "Multi-Map 21", which instructed him to finish behind Webber. Tension between both drivers rose as a result and a remark by Webber about Vettel making an independent decision to disobey team orders meant Vettel lost Webber's respect as a person. After that, Webber was aware that the rest of the season would be onerous and tension between him and Vettel would stress Red Bull. He took eight podium finishes, finishing second four more times at the , the , the  from pole position and the season-ending . Webber won no races in 2013 and he concluded his final F1 season in third overall with 199 points.

Return to endurance racing with Porsche (2014–2016)
Webber joined Porsche's sports car team upon its return to motor racing in mid-2013. He moved to sports car racing to get away from the attention associated with F1 and to enjoy the longer intervals between races. Webber shared the No. 20 closed-cockpit Porsche 919 Hybrid sports prototype car with German Timo Bernhard and New Zealander Brendon Hartley in the FIA World Endurance Championship (WEC)'s fully-professional Le Mans Prototype 1-Hybrid (LMP1-H) category.

Although sports car racing was less physically demanding for Webber, he needed consistently high concentration to cope with the difference in speed between each of the WEC's four classes, driving at night, re-adjusting to lapping slower vehicles while losing the least amount of time and coping with changeable conditions during a long race. Webber was advised on modern sports car racing by Bernhard and in turn acquainted Bernhard and Hartley with the circuits he drove in F1. He was mindful on developing the car for his co-drivers and not for himself but directed Porsche to concentrate on research and development projects that optimised performance in the shortest possible time. Webber also helped the team reduce the amount of pit stop time.

The 2014 season began with Webber qualifying sixth and finishing third at the season-opening 6 Hours of Silverstone. Hybrid technical issues at the following 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps left Webber and his co-drivers 23rd overall. At the 24 Hours of Le Mans, Webber's team qualified the No. 20 car second and retired with a broken anti-roll bar 22 hours in. The next four races saw him finish no lower than sixth, placing third at both the 6 Hours of Fuji and the 6 Hours of Bahrain. At the season-ending 6 Hours of São Paulo, his team qualified on pole position; late in the race, Matteo Cressoni's No. 90 AF Corse-run 8 Star Motorsports Ferrari 458 Italia hit the right-rear of his car, sending Webber into a concrete barrier. Webber sustained a left lung contusion and severe concussion, recovering from the effects of the crash weeks later. He was ninth in the World Endurance Drivers' Championship (WEDC) with 64.5 points.

Porsche retained Webber for the 2015 season alongside Bernhard and Hartley in the renumbered No. 17 car. Webber and Hartley qualified the car on pole position for the season-opening 6 Hours of Silverstone but Webber had to retire it with drivetrain failure. He was on pole position at the following 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps and finished third after Hartley incurred a stop-and-go penalty for rejoining the track via an escape road. He qualified and finished second at the 24 Hours of Le Mans. before claiming four consecutive victories to enter the season-ending 6 Hours of Bahrain leading Audi's Marcel Fässler, André Lotterer and Benoît Tréluyer by 12 points. Webber and his teammates needed to finish third to win the WEDC. They qualified on pole position and overcame mechanical problems to finish fifth and claim the title with 166 points, five ahead of Fässler, Lotterer and Tréluyer.

Webber again remained at Porsche alongside Bernhard and Hartley in the renumbered No. 1 entry for the 2016 championship. The crew retired from the season-opening 6 Hours of Silverstone following a collision between Hartley and a slower Porsche GT car. At the following 6 Hours of Spa-Francorchamps, two tyre punctures and a front axle gearbox problem left him 27th overall. Webber began from second at the 24 Hours of Le Mans and finished 13th overall due to a water pump failure that needed fixing when Webber was driving. The rest of the season saw the crew win four of the next six races and qualify on pole position once for fourth in the WEDC with 134.5 points.

Retirement (2017–present)
Webber decided to retire from motor racing after the season was over. He kept the news secret until going to Japan, citing Porsche's dwindling desire to commit fully to its LMP1 programme and the difficulty of doing "this job half-hearted" with regards of getting motivated to do test sessions and races as reasons.

Webber was due to compete in the American-based short track oval racing series Superstar Racing Experience in 2021; travel restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic meant Webber was ultimately unable to.

Driving style
In describing Webber's driving style, journalist Mark Hughes stated: "The thing he does arguably better than anyone else, is extract every ounce of potential from the car through fast, aerodynamically-loaded corners" since extra lap time could be located in slower turns because the car remains in them for longer. He was able to feel the braking grip of his tyres and could correctly modulate throttle power as grip levels reduced under braking to slow the vehicle down. Entering a braking zone, Webber achieved more retardation rate in a downforce-reliant car than other drivers and as the downforce decreased he was able to modulate pressure and sensitivity well to remain within the tyre's grip limit. His braking pressure force enabled him to translate lap time where the entry speed is high enough to make this possible without brake locking. His driving style, which was refined in downforce-heavy sports cars in the late 1990s, was not suited to a more gentle approach required for driving V8 F1 Pirelli-shod cars because of how he managed those brand of tyres that wore out faster than the Bridgestone compounds he was accustomed to.

Non-driving work

Webber is a brand ambassador of the luxury fashion house Hugo Boss, the car brand Porsche, the watch manufacturer Rolex, the synthetic engine oil brand Mobil 1, the airline carrier Qantas, and the spinal cord injury research charity Wings for Life. In July 2003, he helped to launch that year's Road Safety Handbook aiming to give road safety guides for residents of Milton Keynes. As a result of his endorsement money and salary, he was included in Australia's Top 50 Sports Earners and the BRW Young Rich lists by BRW magazine. From 2009 to 2013, Webber and Horner co-owned the MW Arden junior team that ran in the European-based GP3 Series. He launched the off-road sports clothing brand Aussie Grit for mountain riding and running in 2018, and fronted Porsche and Boss' clothing collections for 2019 and 2020.

In 2003, Webber began the ten-day  adventure challenge trek Mark Webber Challenge featuring cross-country running, cycling and kayaking in Tasmania to raise money for children's cancer charities. He organised it following his grandfather's death from cancer as well as his experiences of friends whose children had cancer. Webber held the challenge again from 2006 to 2008 but not in 2009 and 2010 due to economical problems. He again held the event with corporate and local government sponsorship from 2011 to 2013. Inspire Young People and Webber created the Mark Webber Youth Challenge in 2014 involving college student teams raising money for charity participating in physical activities. He was patron of the Amy Gillett Foundation promoting safer on-road relationships between cyclists and motorists, and of the Aylesbury College Trust. Webber won the F1 pro-am tennis tournament in Barcelona three times. He supported the use of the AI-operated prostate cancer diagnosis device Maxwell Plus in Queanbeyan in November 2021 following a reduction in testing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Webber became an ambassador of the Amber Foundation youth homeless charity in March 2023.

Webber has written columns for Autosport, the BBC, and The Sydney Daily Telegraph. He has provided expert analysis on F1 for the British television broadcaster Channel 4 since the  season. Webber has done a similar role for Australia's Channel 10, covering the Australian Grand Prix and co-hosting the 2015 Clipsal 500 of the V8 Supercars Championship for the broadcaster. He was guest reporter for two rounds of the 2017 World Rally Championship on Red Bull TV. Since early 2020, Webber has mentored racing driver Oscar Piastri and represents his commercial interests through the management arm JAM Sports Management he founded with his wife, and corporate and sports CEO Jason Allen. He authored the book, Up Front – 2010, A Season To Remember, in 2010. Webber's autobiography, Aussie Grit: My Formula One Journey, ghost written by Stuart Sykes, was published in 2015. Webber owned a public house, The Stag, in Mentmore. He joined documentary makers Noah Media Group as an producer and an investor in November 2021.

Assessment and honours

Webber is nicknamed "Aussie Grit" for "his determination in the face of adversity and his patriotism." Bruce Jones described Webber in the book The Story of Formula One: 65 Years of Life in the Fast Lane as having earned "considerable admiration for his straight-talking, honest approach that was devoid of pretence or hyperbole. He is an out-and-out racer cast from something of an old-fashioned mould and as such often seemed an adult in an increasingly infantile world." BBC Sport's Andrew Benson wrote that Webber's "combination of race-winning pace and forthright manner has made him a central figure in F1 over the last decade" and that Webber had "remained true to himself. He is unimpressed with the trappings of F1 and its supposed glamour. And his willingness to follow his own mind is intact."

In October 2003, Webber was unanimously voted fourth director of the trade union Grand Prix Drivers' Association (GPDA). He was voted out of it in September 2005 since it felt there were too many directors in charge. Webber won the BRDC Bruce McLaren Award in 1998, 2000, 2001, 2009, and 2010 as "the Commonwealth driver who has established the most meritorious performances in international motor racing." In October 2000, he received the Australian Sports Medal for placing second in the 1998 FIA GT Championship and participating in the IF3000 Championship; was voted "Rookie of the Year" by both readers of F1 Racing and Autosport magazines; named "F1 Newcomer of the Year" at the annual Grand Prix Party Awards; was named Autocar's magazine; 2003 F1 Driver of the Year; won the Lorenzo Bandini Trophy in 2006; and the 2009 Innes Ireland Trophy for displaying "courage and sportsmanship" that Innes Ireland epitomised.

Webber received the Hawthorn Memorial Trophy in 2010 and 2013 as the most successful British or Commonwealth driver during a season; the 2010 GQ Australia Sportsman of the Year; the 2011 DHL Fastest Lap Award for setting more fastest laps than any driver that year with seven; and the 2013 Johnny Wakefield Trophy for recording the year's best lap on the Silverstone GP Circuit. He was appointed Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in the 2017 Australia Day Honours for "distinguished service to motor sport as a competitor and ambassador, and to the community through fundraising and patronage of a range of medical and youth support organisations." Webber was added to the Australian Motor Sport Hall of Fame and the FIA Hall of Fame in 2018 and 2019, respectively. In 2022, he was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame.

Racing record

Career summary

Complete FIA GT Championship results

Complete 24 Hours of Le Mans results

Complete International Formula 3000 results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap; small number denotes finishing position)

Complete Formula One results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap; small number denotes finishing position)

 Half points awarded as less than 75% of race distance was completed by the winner.
 Did not finish, but was classified as he had completed more than 90% of the race distance.

Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links

1976 births
Living people
People from Queanbeyan
Australian expatriate sportspeople in England
Racing drivers from New South Wales
Formula Ford drivers
Formula Holden drivers
Formula One race winners
British Formula Three Championship drivers
24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
FIA GT Championship drivers
International Formula 3000 drivers
BRDC Gold Star winners
Australian Formula One drivers
Minardi Formula One drivers
Jaguar Formula One drivers
Red Bull Formula One drivers
Williams Formula One drivers
FIA World Endurance Championship drivers
Officers of the Order of Australia
Alan Docking Racing drivers
Mercedes-AMG Motorsport drivers
Super Nova Racing drivers
Porsche Motorsports drivers
Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees

Mark Webber (racing driver)


Axishjort (Axis axis) er en art i familien hjorte, som lever i Indien, det sydlige Nepal og i Sri Lanka, hvor den lever i åbent terræn og i områder med lav vegetation (buske mv). Den har en rødbrun pels med hvide prikker.

Referencer

Kilder
 Ronald M. Nowak (1999) Walker's Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press,

Hjorte

Aksishjort


Iota Orionis (ι Ori / ι Orionis) este cea mai strălucitoare stea din asterismul Sabia lui Orion. Ea se găsește în vârful sabiei. Tradițional, ea poartă și numele Hatsya, sau în arabă, Na'ir al Saif, care semnifică "strălucitoarea sabiei".

Este un sistem cvadruplu dominat de o binară spectroscopică masivă care are o orbită excentrică (e = 0,764) parcursă în 29 de zile. Coliziunea vânturilor stelare ale acestei perechi de stele face din acest sistem o sursă importantă de raze X.

Note

Bibliografie
   The Most Massive Heartbeat: An In-depth Analysis of ι Orionis

Legături externe
  David Darling's encyclopedia entry
  Iota Orionis by Dr. Jim Kaler.

Constelația Orion
Sisteme cvadruple
Stele de tip spectral OIII
Gigante albastre
Binare spectroscopice
Surse cosmice de raze X
Obiecte Bayer
Obiecte Flamsteed
Obiecte HR
Obiecte HIP
Obiecte HD și HDE
Stele variabile Orion

Iota Orionis


Huddersfield Town Association Football Club profesionalni je engleski nogometni klub iz Huddersfielda, grofovija West Yorkshire. Trenutačno nastupa u Championshipu, drugom rangu engleskog nogometa.

Klub je osnovan 1908. godine. Tri puta je bio prvak Engleske. Godine 1992. osvojio je FA Cup. Tradicionalne boje kluba su plava i bijela. Najveći klupski rival je Leeds United. Od 1994. godine domaće utakmice igra na stadionu Kirklees Stadium. Prethodno je igrao na stadionu Leeds Road.

Povijest
Kao jedan od većih gradova u Engleskoj, Huddersfield je prvobitno bio više okrenut ragbiju nego nogometu. U gradu je 1848. godine osnovan Huddersfield Giants, jedan od najstarijih ragbi klubova na svijetu. Prva ozbiljnija inicijativa za osnivanje nogometnog kluba javlja se 1907. godine. Godinu dana kasnije osnovan je Huddersfield Town A.F.C.

Klub je imao skromne početke. Domaće utakmice igrao je na stadionu Leeds Road koji nije imao pokrivene tribine niti svlačionice. Igrači su bili primorani presvlačiti se u napuštenom vagonu ili lokalnom pubu. Huddersfield je nastupao u rozim dresovima. Ambicije kluba ubrzo su porasle. Klub je želio postati član Football Leaguea. Kako bi to postigli, bilo je nužno osigurati ozbiljnije uvjete. Zbog toga je aganžiran arhitekt Archibald Leitch čiji je zadatak bio preurediti Leeds Road kako bi ispunjavao uvjete za odigravanje utakmica na ozbiljnoj razini i kako bi mogao primiti veću publiku.

Ubrzo su počeli razgovori s predstavnicima Engleskog nogometnog saveza. Kada im je odobren status člana Football Leaguea, počeli su radovi na izgradnji novog stadiona. Boje kluba promijenjene su u plavo-bijele. Nakon promjena izostali su rezultati, posjeta na stadionu bila je veoma slaba, te je klub upao u financijske probleme. Nakon Prvog svjetskog rata klub ne ostvaruje zapažene rezultate. Razmatrana je ideja da klub preseli u Leeds na stadion Elland Road. Navijači Huddersfielda nisu prihvatili tu ideju. Prikupljanjem novca i navijačka kupovinom dionica kluba navijači su pomogli klubu otplatiti dug od 25 tisuća funti. Nakon teškog razdoblja kreće vrtoglavi zaokret i uslijedit će najveći uspjesi u povijesti kluba.

Godine 1921. na mjesto menadžera doveden je Herbert Chapman. Njegovim dolaskom klub počinje bilježiti zapažene rezultate. Chapman je doveo neke igrače koji će ostaviti dubok trag u povijesti kluba. U prvoj sezoni kao menadžer osvaja FA Cup. U sezoni 1924./25. Huddersfield Town po prvi put osvaja naslov prvaka i to na najdramatičniji način u povijesti engleskog nogometa. Huddersfield je imao isti broj bodova i identičnu gol razliku poput Cardiff Cityja samo što je Cardiff City zabio i primio jedan gol više od Huddersfielda koji je imao gol razliku 60:33. Tada nije važilo pravilo više postignutih golova već prosjek golova, a Huddersfield je imao bolji prosjek za samo 0,024.

Sljedeće je sezone naslov prvaka obranjen. Chapman je jurio prema trećoj uzastopnoj tituli, podvig koji do tada nikada bio viđen u engleskom nogometu. Međutim, Arsenal je tražio menadžera. Chapman, privučen duplo većom plaćom i brojnijom publikom, otišao je u London zanemarivši činjenicu da se Arsenal tih godina borio za opstanak. Ipak čvrsto izgrađen sustav je i bez Chapmana donio treći naslov prvaka za redom, ovaj put pod vodstvom Cecila Pottera. Naredne sezone osvaja drugo mjesto, četiri boda manje od Newcastle Uniteda. U sezoni 1927./28. također zauzima drugo mjesto. U tom razdoblju Huddersfield je bio jedan od najuspješnijih klubova na Otoku. Uspjesi su donijeli i veći broj navijača, te je bilo potrebno često izvoditi radove na stadionu. Godine 1932. na utakmici protiv Arsenala zabilježeno je 67.000 gledatelja, što je rekordna posjeta na Leeds Roadu.

Do Drugog svjetskog rata Huddersfield je igrao bitnu ulogu u prvoj diviziji. Nakon rata uslijedio je pad, te je klub ispao iz lige. Nardne sezone izborio je promociju, no ipak dvije godine kasnije opet ispada u drugu diviziju. Tijekom 1950-ih klub je bio stabilan drugoligaš. Klub je deset godina kasnije ponovno zaigrao u prvom rangu. Međutim, nakon dvije sezone u prvoj diviziji krenuo je pad Huddersfielda kroz rangove pa je tako postao prvi engleski prvak koji je završio u četvrtom rangu engleskog nogometa. Narednih desetljeća Huddersfield je lutao kroz rangove s povremenim izletima u play-off za borbu u ulazak u najviši rang. Formiranjem Premier lige, u klubu se pojavila ideja da za tadašnji stadion ne bi mogao ispuniti uvjete za Premier ligu, stoga je počelo planiranje, a kasnije i izgradnja novog stadiona koji je otvoren 1994. godine.

U sezoni 2016./17. Huddersfield Town osvaja peto mjesto u Championshipu, te tako ostvaruje plasman u play-off za Premier ligu. U polufinalu je bio bolji od Sheffield Wednesdaya, te tako osigurao finale. Dana 29. svibnja 2017. godine igrao je finale protiv Readinga na Wembleyu. Regularni dio utakmice završio je 0:0, a potom je došlo do pucanje penala. Huddersfield Town je na penalima dobio 4:3, te se tako nakon 42 godine vratio u Premier ligu. U sezoni 2018./19. ostvarili su 20. mjesto te su ispali u Championship.

Uspjesi

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice

 Službena web stranica
 Supporters Trust
 HTAFC Patrons
 Huddersfield Town Blog

Engleski nogometni klubovi

Huddersfield Town A.F.C.


Neostigmina este un medicament parasimpatomimetic inhibitor al acetilcolinesterazei, utilizat pentru tratamentul miasteniei gravis, ileusului paralitic și al atoniei vezicii urinare.

Utilizări medicale

Farmacologie

Note

Vezi și
 Fizostigmină
 Pilocarpină
 Piridostigmină

Alcaloizi
Carbamați
Antidoturi
Medicamente esențiale listate de OMS
Inhibitori ai acetilcolinesterazei

Neostigmină


Intermarché-Circus-Wanty er et professionelt belgisk cykelhold. Holdet blev stiftet i 2008. I 2021 overtog holdet CCC Teams UCI World Tour-licens.

Rytterne

2023

Sejre

2022

Sejre

2021

Sejre

2020

Sejre

2019

Sejre

Eksterne henvisninger

Cykelhold fra Belgien
Etableret i 2008

Intermarché-Circus-Wanty


Federico Gutiérrez, né le , est un homme politique colombien.

Il a été maire de Medellín (2016-2020) et candidat à l'élection présidentielle colombienne de 2022.

Biographie

Maire de Medellín
Federico Gutiérrez s'est présenté à la mairie de Medellín aux élections municipales de 2011 en tant que candidat du Parti de la U avec le soutien de l'ancien président Álvaro Uribe. Il s'est classé troisième avec 18,9 % des voix.

Après sa défaite, Gutiérrez a commencé à planifier une deuxième candidature à la mairie, lors des élections municipales de 2015 . Il a officialisé sa candidature en 2014, formant une alliance avec Federico Restrepo (en tant que candidat au poste de gouverneur) avec le soutien du mouvement politique de Sergio Fajardo, maire de la ville de 2004 à 2007. Il est élu de justesse avec 35,81 % des voix, contre 34,42 % pour son plus proche rival.

En juillet 2017, son secrétaire à la sécurité, Gustavo Villegas, a été arrêté pour avoir communiqué des informations à des organisations criminelles.

Élection présidentielle de 2022
Il est candidat à l'élection présidentielle de 2022 pour la coalition de droite Équipe pour la Colombie. Les grands partis traditionnels comme le Centre démocratique, le Parti de la U, Changement radical, le Parti conservateur et le Parti libéral lui ont tous apporté leur soutien. Son discours porte principalement sur « la préservation de la démocratie et des libertés » face au candidat de gauche, Gustavo Petro, qu'il accuse d'être le représentant d'un « projet populiste et autoritaire ». « Il y a eu une absence totale de propositions et il semble que sa campagne va se concentrer sur la négativité ou la peur que Gustavo Petro peut susciter chez les électeurs » a déclaré l'analyste Patricia Muñoz.

Il échoue à se qualifier pour le deuxième tour, obtenant 24 % des voix, ce qui le place derrière Gustavo Petro (40 %) et Rodolfo Hernández (28 %). Alors qu'il incarnait une forme de continuité avec les gouvernements uribistes, sa campagne a souffert de la forte impopularité du président en fonction Iván Duque et de l'ex-président Álvaro Uribe.

Références

Liens externes

Naissance en novembre 1974
Maire de Medellín
Personnalité politique colombienne

Federico Gutiérrez


Sphagnum aciphyllum é uma espécie de planta do gênero Sphagnum e da família Sphagnaceae.

Taxonomia
A espécie foi descrita em 1887 por Karl Müller.
Os seguintes sinônimos já foram catalogados:
 Sphagnum brunnescens  Warnst.
 Sphagnum cucullatum  Warnst.
 Sphagnum hymenophyllophillum  Müll. Hal.
 Sphagnum itatiaiae  Müll. Hal. & Warnst.
 Sphagnum itatiaiae purpurascens  Müll. Hal.
 Sphagnum itatiaiae versicolor  Müll. Hal.
 Sphagnum laceratum  Müll. Hal.
 Sphagnum mosenii  Warnst.
 Sphagnum oxyphyllum  Warnst.
 Sphagnum pendulirameum  H.A.Crum
 Sphagnum triporosum  H.A.Crum
 Sphagnum uleanum  Müll. Hal.

Forma de vida
É uma espécie rupícola, terrícola, que pode viver em coxim, folhosa e formadora de tapete.

Conservação
A espécie faz parte da Lista Vermelha das espécies ameaçadas do estado do Espírito Santo, no sudeste do Brasil. A lista foi publicada em 13 de junho de 2005 por intermédio do decreto estadual nº 1.499-R.

Distribuição
A espécie é encontrada nos estados brasileiros de Amazonas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Pará, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Roraima, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e São Paulo.
A espécie é encontrada nos  domínios fitogeográficos de Floresta Amazônica, Cerrado e Mata Atlântica, em regiões com vegetação de campos de altitude, campos rupestres, cerrado, mata ciliar, floresta estacional semidecidual, floresta ombrófila pluvial, mata de araucária, restinga e vegetação sobre afloramentos rochosos.

Notas
Contém texto em CC-BY-SA 4.0 de Costa, D.P. Sphagnaceae  in Flora e Funga do Brasil.

Ligações externas
 Sphagnum aciphyllum no projeto Flora e Funga do Brasil
 Sphagnum aciphyllum no portal do Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora (Brasil)

Sphagnum
Plantas descritas em 1887
Flora do Espírito Santo (estado)
Espécies citadas na Lista Vermelha de Ameaça da Flora Brasileira
Espécies citadas na Lista de Espécies da Flora Ameaçadas do Espírito Santo

Sphagnum aciphyllum


Mayer Alphonse Jakob de Rothschild (Pariz, 1. veljače 1827. – Pariz, 26. svibnja 1905.), francuski poduzetnik, vlasnik vinarije i vinograda, filantrop, kolekcionar umjetnina i uzgajivač trkaćih konja iz bogate židovske bankarske obitelji Rothschilda. Bio je najstariji sin i drugo od petero djece u obitelji Jakoba Mayera Rotschilda (1792. – 1868.) i Betty Salomon von Rotschild (1805. – 1886.).

Obrazovao se za preuzimanje obiteljskog bankarskog posla u francuskoj banakarskoj podružnici de Rothschild Frères, a nakon školovanja je odrađivao pripravništvo u drugim obiteljskim podružnicama u Austrijskom Carstvu i Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu. Godine 1848. otputovao je u SAD kako bi istražio mogućnost širenja obiteljskog posla preko Atlantika, ali se ipak zadržao na poslovanju u Francuskoj.

Poslije poraza Francuske u Francusko-pruskom ratu 1871. godine, Alphonseova banka je bila ta koja je podigla traženi iznos novca kojim je plaćena reparacija novouspostavljenom Njemačkom Carstvu.

Premda je radio u obiteljskoj banci, više su ga zanimale druge aktivnosti, poput sakupljanja umjetnina te utrke i uzgoj konja.

Godine 1857. oženio se rođakinjom Laurom de Rothschild (1837. – 1911.), kćerkom Lionela de Rothschilda (1808. – 1879.) iz britanske grane obitelji. S njom je imao četvoro djece:
 Bettina Caroline (1858. – 1892.)
 Lionel James Mayer (1861. – 1861.)
 Charlotte Béatrice (1864. – 1934.)
 Édouard Alphonse James (1868. – 1949.)

Bilješke

Vanjske poveznice

 Mayer Alphonse (Alphonse) de Rothschild (1827-1905) - family.rothschildarchive.org

Francuski poduzetnici
Rothschildi (Francuska)

Mayer Alphonse de Rothschild


Uma munição guiada de precisão (em inglês Precision-guided munition; ou PGM, arma inteligente, munição inteligente, bomba inteligente) é uma munição guiada destinada a atingir com precisão um alvo específico, para minimizar danos colaterais e aumentar a letalidade contra os alvos pretendidos. Durante a Primeira Guerra do Golfo, as munições guiadas representaram apenas 9% das armas disparadas, mas contabilizavam 75% de todos os acertos bem-sucedidos. Apesar das armas guiadas geralmente serem usadas em alvos mais difíceis, elas ainda tinham trinta e cinco vezes mais chances de destruir seus alvos por arma lançada.

Como os efeitos de dano das armas explosivas diminuem com a distância devido a uma lei do cubo inverso, até mesmo melhorias modestas na precisão (daí a redução na distância do erro) permitem que um alvo seja atacado com menos bombas ou bombas menores. Assim, mesmo que algumas bombas guiadas errem, menos tripulações aéreas são colocadas em risco e os danos aos civis e a quantidade de danos colaterais podem ser reduzidos.

O advento de munições guiadas com precisão resultou na renomeação de bombas mais antigas e de baixa tecnologia como "bombas não guiadas", "bombas burras" ou "bombas de ferro".

Ver também
 JDAM (Joint Direct Attack Munition)

Bombas aéreas
Eletrônica militar

Munição guiada de precisão


دماط إحدى قرى مركز قطور التابع لمحافظة الغربية بجمهورية مصر العربية.

التاريخ
قرية دماط من القرى القديمة، واسمها الأصلي وقت الفتح الإسلامي لمصر دمات ، وقد وردت باسم دماط في أعمال الغربية ضمن قرى الروك الصلاحي التي أحصاها ابن مماتي في كتاب قوانين الدواوين، كما وردت باسم دماط في أعمال الغربية ضمن قرى الروك الناصري التي أحصاها ابن الجيعان في كتاب «التحفة السنية بأسماء البلاد المصرية». وفي العصر العثماني كان اسمها في تربيع سنة 933هـ/1527م الذي أجراه الوالي العثماني سليمان باشا الخادم في عصر السلطان العثماني سليمان القانوني دماط ضمن قرى ولاية الغربية، وفي تاريخ 1228هـ/1813م الذي عدّ قرى مصر بعد المسح الذي قام به محمد علي باشا باسم دماط ضمن قرى مديرية الغربية.

السكان
بلغ عدد سكان دماط 18,275 نسمة، حسب الإحصاء الرسمي لعام 2006.

انظر أيضاً
 قائمة قرى محافظة الغربية

مصادر

الوحدة المحلية لقرية دماط (قطور)

دماط


Carnevale di Putignano er et karneval, der afholdes årligt i byen Putignano i Apulien, Italien. Det er det ældste karneval i Europa.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisniner
  (på engelsk)

Kultur i Italien
Karneval

Carnevale di Putignano


Cihora mala (žutenica, mala žutenica, žutinica, zvečka; lat. Chondrilla),  biljni rod iz porodice glavočika, dio podtribusa Chondrillinae. Postoji dvadesetak vrsta raširenih po Euroaziji i sjevernoj Africi.

U Hrvatskoj raste žuta zvečka (C. juncea), jednogodišnja ili dvogodišnja biljka s jestivim mladim listovima i korijenom.

Cihora je naziv i za vrstu Cichorium endivia

Vrste

 Chondrilla ambigua Fisch. ex Kar. & Kir.
 Chondrilla aspera Poir.
 Chondrilla bosseana Iljin
 Chondrilla brevirostris Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
 Chondrilla canescens Kar. & Kir.
 Chondrilla chondrilloides (Ard.) H.Karst.
 Chondrilla evae Lack
 Chondrilla graminea M.Bieb.
 Chondrilla juncea L.
 Chondrilla kusnezovii Iljin
 Chondrilla laticoronata Leonova
 Chondrilla latifolia M.Bieb.
 Chondrilla lejospemna Kar. & Kir.
 Chondrilla macra Iljin
 Chondrilla macrocarpa Leonova
 Chondrilla maracandica Bunge
 Chondrilla mariae Podlech
 Chondrilla mujunkumensis Iljin & Igolkin
 Chondrilla ornata Iljin
 Chondrilla pauciflora Ledeb.
 Chondrilla phaeocephala Rupr.
 Chondrilla piptocoma Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.
 Chondrilla ramosissima Sm.
 Chondrilla rouillieri Kar. & Kir.
 Chondrilla setulosa C.B.Clarke ex Hook.f.
 Chondrilla spinosa Lamond & V.A.Matthews
 Chondrilla tenuiramosa U.P.Pratov & Tagaev
 Chondrilla urumoffii Degen
 Chondrilla yossii Kitam.

Vanjske poveznice

Izvori

Chondrillinae

Cihora mala


A Hon (Patria) a fost un popular cotidian politic maghiar de centru-stânga care a apărut la Pesta în perioada 1 ianuarie 1863 - 31 august 1882, în care a fost unul dintre cele mai importante ziare din Ungaria alături de Pesti Napló ("Jurnalul Pestei"). El a fost fondat, deținut și editat de scriitorul Mór Jókai.

Istoric
Ziarul a sprijinit ideile politice ale lui Kálmán Tisza așa că era un concurent al ziarului Pesti Napló care susținea partidul lui Ferenc Deák. Jókai a fost întemnițat la 23 aprilie 1863 pentru o lună în calitate de redactor-șef al ziarului, deoarece aici fusese publicat la 7 februarie 1863 articolul "Alapkérdéseink" (Chestiuni fundamentale) al contelui Nándor Zichy; el fusese condamnat inițial la o pedeapsă de șase luni de închisoare și la o amendă de 1.100 de florini. Ziarul a fost editat aproape tot timpul de Jókai, cu excepția perioadei în care a avut dificultăți juridice cu autoritățile guvernamentale când a fost editat de György Urházy. A Hon a avut articole economice bine scrise. Editorialele erau scrise de Jókai și de Lajos Csernátony (din 1867), dar acesta din urmă a fondat în 1869 un ziar propriu intitulat Ellenőr, pe care l-a condus până în 1877.

Multe dintre povestirile și romanele scrise de Jókai în această perioadă au fost publicate pentru prima dată în paginile ziarului A Hon. Începând din 1868 a apărut de două ori pe zi, iar ediția de seară a purtat titlul A Hon Esti Lapja. Când Kálmán Tisza a devenit prim-ministru în 1875, partidul de opoziție susținut de ziar a devenit partid de guvernământ. Popularitatea sa a scăzut de atunci și în septembrie 1882 a fuzionat cu ziarul Ellenőr pentru a forma ziarul Nemzet.

Opere literare publicate
Jókai a publicat în ziarul A Hon mai multe dintre scrierile sale literare din această perioadă. Romanul Modele politice, scris în 1861-1862, a apărut în 1864 sub formă de foileton, dar a fost ciopârțit de cenzură. Ziarul a fost de mai multe ori confiscat de autorități, care se temeau de o intensificare a naționalismului revoluționar. Romanul Fiii omului cu inima de piatră a fost publicat sub formă de foileton în 131 de numere ale ziarului tipărite în perioada 1 ianuarie - 10 octombrie 1869. Romanul Omul de aur a fost publicat sub formă de foileton în 121 de numere tipărite în perioada 1 ianuarie - 22 septembrie 1872.

Note

Bibliografie
 Budapest lexikon I. (A–K). Főszerk. Berza László. 2., bőv. kiad. Budapesta: Akadémiai. 1993. 23. o.
 A Pallas nagy lexikona (a sajtóvétségről)

Secolul al XIX-lea
Ziare din Austro-Ungaria
Ziare din Ungaria
Mór Jókai

A Hon


Cayo Caimán Grande es una isla del Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey parte del subgrupo conocido como Sección Camagüey en el Océano Atlántico, que pertenece administrativamente a la provincia de Villa Clara, en la República de Cuba y se localiza en las coordenadas geográficas  360 kilómetros al este de la capital La Habana No debe confundirse con la Isla Gran Caimán en el territorio británico de las Islas Caimán.

Véase también
 Geografía de Cuba
 Geografía de América

Referencias

Enlaces externos
 Mapa de ubicación de la isla

Archipiélagos e islas de Cuba

Cayo Caimán Grande


Stambeno pitanje, hrvatska dokumentarna serija u osam nastavaka. Autorica i redateljica dokumentarne je Silvana Menđušić. Produkciju potpisuje Studio DIM za HRT. Menđušić je i naratorica i sugovornica svih glavnih likova u serijalu. Kroz osam različitih pripovijesti prikazano je kako su ljudi na vlastitoj koži i na papirima o vlasništvu nad nekretninama koje su im nekada pripadale osjetili turbulentnu povijest Republike Hrvatske. Prikazane su zavrzlame oko vlasničkih odnosa koje dolaze na rub tragikomedije, trilera, kazališta apsurda, pustolovnih romana. Kroz arhivsku građu, obiteljske fotografije, pripovijesti o načinu života i tadašnjem življenju ljudi koji su živjeli u tim nekretninama, isprepletene snimke gradova i četvrti kakve malo tko pamti sa službenim dokumentima, gledatelj se uživljava u sudbinu tih ljudi. Dočarano je
kako su konfiskacije, međuobiteljske zavade i prijevare, birokratske besmislice, zakonske nebuloze, nečasne radnje, kako su se politika i ratovi, dekreti i zakoni, zakonje i bezakonje, revolucije i tranzicije, birokracija i administracija, nacionalizacija i denacionalizacija, prelamali preko sudbina starih i novih vlasnika stanova i kuća. Serijal je pripovijest o graditeljima i rušiteljima, osvajačima i prognanima, pobjednicima i poraženima, bogatima i siromašnima, novim bogatašima i novim siromasima, starim i novim stanarima. U svakoj se epizodi film usredotoči na jednu obitelj koja je na nekoj adresi nekada imala ili još uvijek ima dom, a sada je njihova nekretnina opterećena nekom vrstom sudskog ili upravnog postupka.<ref>(): [https://hrtprikazuje.hrt.hr/382187/stambeno-pitanje-u-hd-u-na-usluzi-hrti Stambeno pitanje u HD-u na usluzi HRTi]. 26. lipnja 2018. Pristupljeno 28. veljače 2020.</ref> U serijalu su prikazani ljudi iz reda bogatih, siromašnih, obespravljenih i onih iz, kako kaže autorica, kategorije "tri Z": zeznutih, zaboravljenih i zabranjenih.
Osobito je intrigantna i politički najprovokativnija epizoda Rat za portun'', u kojoj se govori o nasilnoj otimačini vojnih stanova i deložacijama stanara iz tih stanova u Splitu 1992. i 1993. i neviđenom bezakonju i nasilju nad stanarima. Split je posebno bio zona visokog rizika jer se tamo nalazila trećina stanova JNA (8640) u čitavoj Hrvatskoj (oko 39.000). Na vratima stana pojavili bi se naoružani ljudi u maskirnim odorama i bila je čista ludost oduprijeti im se. Nacionalna pripadnost i lojalnost hrvatskoj državi nisu bili kriterij nego prazna izlika, jer su zločinačke skupine izbacivale i upadale u stanove na atraktivnim lokacijama ljudima koji su Hrvati ili su upadali u stanove ljudima koji su se borili kao profesionalni vojnici u hrvatskim oružanim snagama. Institucije sustava su strahovito zakazale. Neke su zgrade na ulaze postavile vlastitu stražu, građansku miliciju, da bi spriječile takve upade.

Naslovi epizoda:
 Tri države jednog Paula
 Jesam li za vas stranac?
 Deset godina jednog duga
 Zadarsko nebo, Žuveline kuće
 Zagreb gospodina Lorkovića
 Ključ za ključ, sudbina za sudbinu
 Rat za portun
 Kad Novi ostari

Izvori

Vanjske poveznice
Stambeno pitanje - trailer  Kanal Studija DIM, Vimeo

Hrvatske dokumentarne serije

Stambeno pitanje (dokumentarni film)


Francesco Nerli, o Velho (Florença, 1594 - Roma, 6 de novembro de 1670) foi um cardeal do século XVII

Nascimento
Nasceu em Florença em 1594. De família nobre. Filho de Federico, senador, e Costanza de' Nobili. Ele tinha um irmão, Giulio, conhecido no meio florentino por sua cultura científica; e um irmão mais novo, Pietro (1597-1678). Tio do cardeal Francesco Nerli, o Jovem (1673).

Educação
Fez um longo processo de formação nas Universidades de Perugia, Bolonha e Pisa, onde se formou em direito em 1618. Desde a juventude, interessou-se não só pelo direito civil e canônico, mas também pelas ciências matemáticas e naturais, tanto que que Vincenzo Viviani o contará entre os discípulos de Galileu Galilei. Ele também foi membro da Accademia della Crusca com o nome acadêmico de dotati (talentoso).

Início da vida
Nos anos vinte do século XVII mudou-se para Roma, onde, sob sua orientação, secretário do auditor da Rota Matteo Buratti, aperfeiçoou o estudo do direito. Foi então auditor primeiro do cardeal Roberto Ubaldini, também florentino, durante sua legação em Bolonha (1623-1627), depois do cardeal Carlo de 'Medici. Só numa idade relativamente avançada iniciou a carreira curial, escolha que parece ligada a uma estratégia mais abrangente da sua família, e em particular do seu irmão Pietro, grande banqueiro ao serviço da Santa Sé, depositário geral e empreiteiro dos costumes pontifícios. Foi auditor geral dos cardeais Roberto Ubaldini, legado em Bolonha, e Carlo de Medici. Referendário dos Tribunais da Assinatura Apostólica.

Sacerdócio
Ordenado em agosto de 1649.

Episcopado
Eleito bispo de Pistoia, em 15 de fevereiro de 1650, com dispensa por ter sido ordenado sacerdote há menos de seis meses. Consagrada, em 6 de junho de 1650, capela paulina do Palácio do Quirinale, Roma, pelo cardeal Giacomo Panciroli, auxiliado por Giovanni Rinuccini, arcebispo de Fermo, e por Luca Torregiani, arcebispo de Ravena. Ele não residiu na diocese por muito tempo e continuou a exercer seus ofícios curiais. Promovido à sé metropolitana de Florença, em 16 de dezembro de 1652, a pedido expresso do Grão-Duque; ele fez sua entrada solene na cidade em junho de 1653. Secretário de Breves dos Príncipes, 1660-1669.

Cardinalado
Criado cardeal sacerdote no consistório de 29 de novembro de 1669. Participou do conclave de 1669-1670, que elegeu o Papa Clemente X. Recebeu o barrete vermelho e o título de S. Bartolomeo all'Isola, em 19 de maio de 1670.

Morte
Morreu em Roma em 6 de novembro de 1670, perto da 1 da manhã, no seu palácio romano junto à igreja de S. Onofrio no monte Gianicolo . Exposto na igreja de S. Giovanni de' Fiorentini, Roma, onde o funeral ocorreu em 8 de novembro de 1670, e enterrado na capela de Ss. Cosma e Damiano naquela igreja.

Cardeais nomeados pelo papa Clemente IX

Francesco Nerli (1594-1670)


Yunan mitolojisinde Ares, savaş tanrısı'dır. Zeus ve Hera'nın oğlu ve On İki Olimposlu'dan biridir. Roma'da Mars olarak da bilinir. Barış tanrıçası olan Athena'nın zıttıdır. Mitolojide Athena ile giriştiği mücadeleler ve sevgilisi Afrodit ile olan kaçamakları ile ünlüdür. Sparta kenti ve Trakya bölgesi tanrının başlıca kült merkezleridir. Gigantlar arasındaki karşıtı Damasen'dir.

Yunan mitolojisindeki benzer isimli çok sayıdaki öykülerden biri Ares'in oğluna ilişkindir. Aphrodite ile yaşadığı gizli aşkın ortaya çıkmasıyla olan Olympos'taki rezaletin ardından Ares Trakya'da da boş durmaz ve barbar Trakyalılar'ı Amazonlar'a karşı kışkırtır. Çıkan savaştan zevk alarak önüne geleni öldürürken kendisi adına kafataslarından bir piramit inşa eden oğlu Kyknos'un ölüm haberi gelir. Kyknos, piramiti tamamlamak üzeredir. Zirvede tek bir kafatası için boş yer kalmıştır. Teselya kralının kafasıyla zirveyi tamamlamayı düşünürken, Herkül'ün oradan geçtiğini görür. Çıkıp Herkül'e meydan okur ve Herkül onu öldürür. Bu haberi alır almaz savaş arabasına atlayan Ares, kendisini kafatasından tapınakla onurlandıran oğlunun intikamı için Herkül'ün üzerine saldırır.

Yunan tanrıları içinde belki de en fazla utanç verici duruma düşen tanrıdır. Hades ve Aphrodite dışında kimsenin sevmediği bu tanrı sık sık zor durumlara düşürülür. Bunların başında tunçtan bir küpe 13 ay boyunca hapsedilmesi gelmektedir. Günlerden bir gün Olimposlu tanrılar ziyafette iken müthiş gürültülerle ayağa fırlarlar. Bir türlü Olimposlu tanrılar arasına kabul edilmeyen,  Gaia'ın oğulları Otis ve Ephialtes tanrılara savaş açmışlar, gökyüzünü fırlattıkları dev kayalarla bombalamaya başlamışlardır. Üstelik, cüretkar bu iki gigant sadece Olympos'a kabul edilmeye diğer tanrıları zorlamakla kalmayıp, en güzel tanrıçaları Athena ve Hera'yı da isterler. Hera Zeus'un karısıdır. Zeus çok sinirlenerek bu işi halletmesi için Ares'i görevlendirir. Athena'nın alayları arasında savaş arabasına binen Ares, hışımla iki devin üstüne saldırır. Ancak, bir an tedbiri elden bırakır ve kalkanını indirir. Bu sırada devlerden birinin fırlattığı kaya Ares'i bayıltır. İki dev Ares'i tunçtan bir küpün içine kapatırlar. Ares'i diğer tanrılar hiç sevmeseler de iki güçlü tanrıçaya göz koyacak kadar yoldan çıkmış bu iki devin kazanmasını da istemezler. Tanrıların habercisi Hermes uzun aramalardan sonra 13 ay sonra ölmek üzereyken Ares'i bulur. Ares tekrar güneş ışığını gördüğünde Otis ve Ephialtes'in cezası çoktan verilmiştir. Ölüler diyarında yılanlar tarafından bir sütuna bağlanmışlardır. Yılanlar her defasında dayanılmaz acılar veren zehirlerini boşalttıkları ısırıklarla iki devi rahat bırakmazlar, omuzlarına tüneyen baykuşlar ise devamlı öterek beyinlerini tırmalarlar.

Ares'in Truva Savaşı'na karışması da Olympos'un tanrılarının hiç sevmediği bir sonuç doğurmuştur, özellikle de Hera'nın. Ares, Truva'nın yanında savaşa katılıp Yunanları öldürmeye başladığında eski bir defter yeniden açılır. Truva kralının çapkın oğlu Paris, üç güzeller yarışmasında Hera'yı değil Afrodit'i güzel seçmiştir. Truva savaşının nedenlerinden biri de zaten budur. Hera, doğrudan savaşa müdahil olmadan önce Zeus'un iznini ister. Zeus, karısının karışmasına izin vermez ama aynı yarışmanın diğer mağduru Athena'nın karışmasına izin verir (Athena da Ares'ten en az Hera kadar nefret etmektedir). Savaşçılığıyla ünlü kahraman Diomedes'e destek vererek Ares'in üzerine saldırmasını sağlar. Ares, görmediği Athena'nın varlığını anlamadığı bir şekilde elinden mızrağı düştüğünde fark eder. Bu fırsatı değerlendiren Diomedes Ares'i yaralamayı başarır ve Ares Truva savaş meydanından çekilmek zorunda kalır.

Tanrılar tanrısı Zeus'un pek de sevmediği tanrı Ares bir destanda şöyle geçmiştir:
Bulutları devşiren Zeus yan yan baktı, dedi ki;

Böyle ağlayıp durma dizimin dibinde dönek.

Olympos'ta oturan tanrılar arasında benim en tiksindiğim tanrısın sen !

Hep hır gür kavga, savaş senin işin gücün, ele avuca sığmaz huysuzluğun, biliyorum,

Annen Hera'dan miras sana.

Ben de ona zorla dinletirim sözümü,

Onun öğütlerinden geldi başına, ne geldiyse.

Ama böyle acı çekmene de dayanamam, benim soyumdan gelmişsin bir kere, benden doğurdu anan seni,

Yoksa bu yıkıcı bu karıştırıcı huyunla, bir başka tanrıdan doğmuş olsaydın sen,

Çoktan Uranüsoğullarının yurdundan ta aşağılarda bulurdun kendini.

Apollon ile Athena'nın Ares hakkında söyledikleri ise şöyledir:

Ares, İnsanların baş belası Ares,

Ey kaleler yıkan, elleri kanlı Ares...

Yaklaş ona saldırgan Ares'ten çekinme,

Delinin biridir, kötünün kötüsüdür o,

Bir o yana döner bir bu yana...

Antikçağın tragedya ozanı Ayshilos; bir tragedyasında tanrı Ares'in savaş anındaki dehşetini açık açık şöyle dillendirmiştir:

"Bu masum kentin göklerinde, Sayıklar gibi gürül gürül soluyor Yakıp yıkıyor acımadan Nesi varsa sevip saydığı insanlarınAres adlı bu acımasız tanrı! Dehşet çığlıklarıyla doluyor sokaklar, Asker askerin önünde düşüyor. Bu dinmeyen bebek çığlıklarıKan gölü sokaklardan geliyor!"''''

Ares 4 büyük yardımcılarıyla Phobos (Korku), Deimos (Dehşet), Eris ve Enyo ile tüm dünyaya dehşet verir. (Trakya'da katliamlar yapar. 3 nehir insan kanı akıtır.) Sonunda Olympos tanrıları Ares'e karşı savaş açarlar fakat ne yazık ki çıkan savaşta Olympos düşer. Phobos öyle bir korku salmıştı ki Zeus'un tamamen Olymposdan düşmesini sağlıyordu. Fakat Ares sadece Olympos'a katılmak isteyip Zeus'u eski yerine geçirir. Böylece 5 tanrı, Ares ve yardımcıları, Olympos'un en büyükleri oldular. Zeus yine de Ares'i sevmesede Ares'in bağlılık yemini sürekli devam ettirecekti.

Yunan mitolojisinin en büyüklerindendir. Dünyanın yönetimini tamamen elinde tutmuş, insanlara her türlü korkuyu ve acıyı tattırmıştır. Amacına ulaşan Ares Olympos'a girdikten sonra Zeus'la son anlaşmasını yaparak artık hiçbir tanrının dünyaya karışmaması zorunluluğu koyar. Eğer Zeus bu şartı kabul etmezse Olympos düşecektir ve Ares dünyanın hakimi olacaktır. Fakat Zeus Ares'in şartını kabul eder ve dünyaya giden kapıların hepsini kapatır.

Ares asıl ilgiyi İtalyanlarda, Mars adı altında Roma'da görür. Roma'nın kurucusu Romulus'un efsanevi babası olan Mars (Ares) Romalılar tarafından ataları olarak benimsenmiştir.

Resimler

Kaynakça

Zeus'un çocukları

Ares


Tarihsel simulasyon, bankacılıkta Riske Maruz Değer (RMD) hesaplamasında kullanılan yöntemlerden biridir. Geçmiş n güne ait günlük RMD rakamları ve belirli bir güven aralığı kullanılarak bu güven aralığına tekabül eden RMD rakamını bugünkü RMD rakamı olarak almamızı sağlayan basit bir yöntemdir.

Basel'de de belirtildiği üzere RMD hesapları %99 güven aralığında ve 1 yıllık (250 işgünü) veri kullanılarak yapılır. Örneğin: geçmiş 250 güne ait RMD rakamları küçükten büyüğe (veya büyükten küçüğe) sıralanır. 250x%99 = 247 şeklinde hesaplanır. Yani küçükten büyüğe doğru sıralanmış bu rakamlardan 247 inci sıradaki RMD rakamı bugünün RMD rakamı olarak hesaplanır.

Finans terimleri

Tarihsel simülasyon


හනිචිල් රයිඩර් යනු  ඉයන් ෆ්ලෙමිංගේ  ඩොක්ටර් නෝ නමැති ජේම්ස් බොන්ඩ් නවකතාවෙහි එන ප්‍රබන්ධ චරිතයකි. 1962 වසරෙහි තිරගතවූ  එම නමම සහිත බොන්ඩ් චිත්‍රපටයෙහිදී, ඇයගේ නම කෙටි කොට හනි රයිඩර් ලෙසින් වෙනස් කෙරිණි. චිත්‍රපටයෙහිදී ඇයගේ භූමිකාව රඟදැක්වුණේ, ස්විස් නිළිය උර්සුලා ඇන්ඩ්‍රස් විසින් වන අතර ඇයගේ දැඩි ස්වරණය නිසාවෙන් නිකී වැන් ඩර් සිල් විසින් හඬ කැවිණි.

හනි රයිඩර්


Stefan Olsdal (tam adı Stefan Alexander Bo Olsdal), (d. 31 Mart 1974 Göteborg İsveç) alternative rock grubu Placebo'nun basistidir. Solist Brian Molko'yla birlikte grubun kurucusudur.

Geçmişi
Küçük bir çocukken ailesiyle birlikte Lüksemburg'a gitti. Lüksemburg'da Amerikalı çocukların gittiği özel bir okulda eğitim gördü ve grubun solisti Brian Molko'yla bu senelerde tanıştı. Müziğe 14 yaşında okul orkestrasında çalarak başladı. Okulunun basketbol takımında da oynayan Olsdal, lise eğitimini İsveç'te tamamladıktan sonra ailesiyle birlikte profesyonel müzik yaşantısının başladığı Londra'ya taşındı.

Yıllar sonra, hemen hemen aynı yıllarda Londra'ya taşınmış olan Brian Molko ile şans eseri South Kensington istasyonunda karşılaştı. Küçükken fazla sıkı bir dostlukları olmamasına rağmen birbirlerini gördüklerine çok sevinen ve birçok ortak noktaları olduğunu keşfeden Olsdal ve Molko, tanıştıkları günün akşamı Molko'nun evinde müzik yaptılar. Daha sonra sık sık bir araya gelerek müzik yapmaya devam ettiler. Birlikte müzik yapmaktan zevk alıyor olmalarından ötürü bir grup kurmaya karar verdiler ve ardından "Ashtray Heart" isimli bir grup kurdular. Grubun ismi daimi kadro belirlendikten sonra "Placebo" oldu.

Bunların yanı sıra Stefan Olsdal, Placebo'dan önce "Dr.Zhivago" isimli amatör bir grupta küçük görevler almıştır. Ayrıca Hotel Persona'nın da bir parçasıdır.

Diğer
Stefan Olsdal grupta bası üstlenmenin yanı sıra sözü ve beste konusunda da zaman zaman Brian Molko'ya yardımcı olur, aynı zamanda geri vokal yapar. İlham kaynakları olarak ABBA, Depeche Mode, Eurythmics ve Iron Maiden gibi isimleri gösterir.

1974 doğumlular
Göteborg doğumlular
İsveç'te LGBT kişiler
İsveçli bas gitaristler
İsveçli rock gitaristleri
İsveçli LGBT müzisyenler
Yaşayan insanlar

Stefan Olsdal


Le plateau du Coscione, en corse , est un plateau de France situé en Corse, dans le massif du Monte Incudine, à environ  d'altitude. Il comporte de nombreuses bergeries et refuges. Il est traversé de nombreux sentiers de randonnée dont le GR 20, le sentier de la Pierre ou encore le sentier des Pâturages. En hiver, il est possible d'y faire du ski nordique ou de la raquette à neige autour du refuge de Bucchinera ou des bergeries de Bassetta.

Article connexe
 Forêt domaniale du Coscione

Coscione
Massif du Monte Incudine
Domaine nordique en France
Site naturel en Corse-du-Sud
Site Natura 2000 en Corse-du-Sud
Parc naturel régional de Corse
Sentier de grande randonnée 20

Plateau du Coscione


Folkets Avis, grundlagt 1897, var et dansk dagblad der blev udgivet 6 gange om ugen frem til 1928.
Redaktionen bestod af journalist Emil Rex, journalist Th. Adamsen samt admninistrator Emanuel Rex og journalisterne Marius Wulff, V. Samuelsen, Martin Bjerg, Bertel Bing.
Avisen eksisterede fra 1941-1946 og var fra 1897 til 1913 ejet og udgivet af redaktør Emil Rex og fra 1913 til 1924 af Familie-A/S med en kapital på 50.000 kroner. Familie-A/S var bestyret af enkefru Rex samt sønnerne Knud Rex (trykker) og Emanuel Rex.

Historie
Efter Emil Rex i 1897 blev fyret fra Aftenbladet oprettede han Folkets Avis og appellerede kraftigt til Aftenbladets læsere om ikke at svigte ham. Rex angreb politikeren K.P. Korsgaard og kaldte ham kapitalist og lovede derpå, at overskuddet fra Folkets Avis delvist skulle gå til velgørenhed. Avisen kom godt fra start som et meget jævnt, sensationsorienteret populærblad, men Folkets Avis blev hæmmet af ressourceknaphed, idet Emil Rex' arvinger ikke afså den nødvendige kapital til en avisindsats, som var nødvendig for at fastholde avisens konkurrenceevne på middagsbladsmarkedet. I 1924 var avisens samlede gæld på 110.000 kroner, og et erstatningskrav på 20.000 kroner for krænkelse af presseetikken, gav avisen dødsstødet.

Referencer

 De Danske Aviser

Eksterne henvisninger
 Digitaliserede udgaver af Folkets Avis i Mediestream
 Folkets Avis i opslagsværket "De Danske Aviser"

Aviser fra Danmark
Etableret i 1897

Folkets Avis (1897)


Óscar Alexander Whalley Guardado (født 29. marts 1994) er en spansk fodboldspiller, der spiller målmand. Siden sommeren 2023 har han spillet for den mexicanske klub C.D. Guadalajara.
Han har tidligere spillet i flere spanske Segunda División-klubber med afstikkere til danske AGF og græske OFI Kreta.

Klubkarriere
Óscar Whalley er født i Zaragoza som søn af en engelsk far og en mexicansk mor. Han spillede i det meste af sin ungdomstid for Real Zaragoza, og som 19-årig kom han til at spille for klubbens reservehold. Da klubbens førstemålmand Leo Franco i foråret 2014 erklærede, at han ønskede at forlade landet, og andenmålmanden var skadet, fik Whalley chancen som målmand på førsteholdet, der spillede i Segunda División i en hjemmekamp mod Sporting de Gijón; kampen endte 1-1.

I den følgende sæson spillede Whalley 19 kampe, da Zaragoza sluttede som nummer seks, og desuden en playoff-kamp, der endte med et nederlag på 0-3 hjemme til Girona FC. Efter dette blev han erstattet i resten af playoff-turneringen. I juli 2015 blev Whalley udlejet til naboklubben SD Huesca, der ligeledes spillede i næstbedste række. Her spillede han 15 kampe, inden han året efter blev solgt til Sporting de Gijón, hvor han var tredjevalg på målmandsposten. Han nåede kun en enkelt kamp i de to sæsoner, han hørte til klubben.

AGF
Efter den mangeårige målmand Steffen Rasmussen var stoppet i AGF i sommeren 2018, var der brug for en ekstra målmand i klubben, hvor Aleksandar Jovanović den seneste tid havde været førstemålmand. Whalley, som var uden kontrakt, valgte derpå at skifte til den danske klub.

Whalley opnåede aldrig at blive mere end andenmålmand efter først Jovanović, dernæst den lejede Kamil Grabara og endelig den mere permanente løsning i form af svenskeren William Eskelinen. Han opnåede i alt 15 kampe, deraf 12 i Superligaen.

Efter AGF
Efter en sæson i Aarhus skiftede Whalley til græske OFI Kreta, men også her blev det blot til én sæson. Han skiftede derpå tilbage til Spanien og CD Castellón, hvor han i sæsonen 2020-2021 fik 24 kampe i Segunda División. Da klubben rykkede ned den følgende sommer, skiftede Whalley videre til en anden Segunda División-klub, CD Lugo. Her spillede han to sæsoner og fik 68 kampe.

I sommeren 2023 flyttede Whalley til Mexico og C.D. Guadalajara.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 Spillerprofil på agf.dk

Fodboldspillere fra Spanien
Fodboldspillere fra Real Zaragoza
Fodboldspillere fra Sporting Gijón
Fodboldspillere fra AGF
Fodboldspillere fra OFI Kreta
Fodboldspillere fra CD Castellón
Fodboldspillere fra CD Lugo
Fodboldspillere fra C.D. Guadalajara

Óscar Whalley


Churchill County may refer to:

Churchill County, Queensland, Australia
Churchill County, Nevada, United States
USS Churchill County (LST-583), a United States Navy tank landing ship

See also

Churchill County


Alberto Bayo y Giroud (1892, Camagüey-Küba –  1967, Havana-Küba). İspanya iç savaşında yenilen sol-kanat loyalistlerin askeri lideri, şair.

Henüz 14 yaşındayken İspanya Ordusuna er olarak katıldı. 1912 yılında Teğmen rütbesindeyken Hava Kuvvetlerinde pilot olan kardeşinin ölümü üzerine İspanya Hava Kuvvetlerine alındı. Çünkü, kardeşi İspanya'nın ilk hava şehidiydi. I. Dünya Savaşından sonra Kuzey Afrika'da İspanyolların sömürdüğü halklara bir bomba atılması görevi verildi. Etkisi saklandı, bomba atıldı. Yerli halkın kör olduğunu gören Alberto Bayo, İspanya Kraliyet Ailesine tepki göstererek onların bu gaddarca tutumunu yerdi. İspanya Devrimi üzerine Havacı General Batet'in emir subayı oldu. Mallorca Adasına kendine bağlı birliklerle çıktı fakat yenilince geri çekildi. 1939 yılında karşıdevrimcilerin kazandıkları zaferden ötürü Fransa'ya kaçtı. 1939-1942 yıllarında İngiltere ve Fransa'da öğretmenlik yaptı. II. Dünya Savaşından sonra Orta Amerika'da (Kosta Rika ve Dominik) bağımsızlık savaşı veren gerillara eğitim verdi. Buralarda kendisine El General sanı verildi. Latin Amerika Üniversitesinde İngilizce ve Fransızca,Teknisyen Okulunda ise Mekanik Öğretmenliği yaptı. 1955 yılında Moncada Baskını sonrası tutuklanıp Meksika'ya sürülen Fidel Castro kendisinden yardım istedi.Öğrencileri arasında 'en iyi öğrenci' olarak, 7 ekim 1967 yılında Bolivya'da vurulan öncü devrimcilerimizden Ernesto Che Guevara yı seçmişti. 87 savaşçıyı gerilla tipi eğitimden geçirerek 1956 yılında Küba'ya geldiler. 1956-1959 Küba Devrimi sırasında önemli komutanlarından biri oldu. General rütbesinde ve 75 yaşındayken Havana'da öldü.

Dış bağlantılar
 Cubaliteraria: Albert Bayo  (İspanyolca)
 wannadoo: Alberto Bayo  (İspanyolca)
 El Ejército Popular Republicano (İspanyolca)
 España en Guerra  (İspanyolca) (.pdf)
 Alberto Bayo: Gerilla Nedir?

1892 doğumlular
1967 yılında ölenler
Kübalı askerler
Küba Devrimi'nde kişiler
Gerilla savaş teorisyenleri
Havana'da ölenler

Alberto Bayo


Badeanstalten Køge er en dansk dokumentarisk optagelse fra 1924 med ukendt instruktør. Nogle af optagelserne fra denne film kan også ses i filmen Kan De huske? Køge gennem 25 Aar.

Handling
Aktiviteter på Køge Badeanstalt en sommerdag. Hovedspring fra vippe og leg på svævebane og vandrutsjebane. En flok herrer besøger badeanstalten - Hansen fra Elektricitetsværket, købmand Engell, postmester Petersen og unge Engell. Bademester Mads Haugbøl tager imod. Optagelser fra Køge by: rejsende ankommer til stationen med tog trukket af damplokomotiv. Køge Å og torvet ses, samt kirken og Kirkestræde. Flere optagelser fra badeanstalten: badepiger og bademænd muntrer sig.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

Danske film fra 1924
Kultur i Køge
Dokumentariske optagelser

Badeanstalten Køge


400 m individuel medley for damer under Sommer-OL 2020 fandt sted den 24. juli - 25. juli 2021 i Tokyo Aquatics Centre.

Turneringsformat
Konkurrencen bliver afviklet med indledende heats og finale. Efter de indledende heats går de 8 bedste tider videre til finalen, hvor medaljerne bliver fordelt.

Tidsplan
Nedenstående tabel viser tidsplanen for afvikling af konkurrencen:

Resultater

Heats
De otte hurtigste svømmere, uafhængig af heat, gik videre til finalen.

Finale

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger

400 m individuel medley (damer)

Svømning under sommer-OL 2020 – 400 m individuel medley (damer)


Giuliano Vassalli (* 25. April 1915 in Perugia, Provinz Perugia; † 21. Oktober 2009 in Rom) war ein italienischer Jurist und Politiker des Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI), der unter anderem Mitglied der Abgeordnetenkammer (Camera dei deputati) und des Senats (Senato della Repubblica), Justizminister Italiens sowie Richter und Präsident des Verfassungsgerichts (Corte Costituzionale) war.

Leben

Studium und Widerstand gegen den Faschismus
Giuliano Vassalli, dessen Vater Filippo Vassalli Professor für Zivilrecht und Römisches Recht sowie zwischen 1944 und seinem Tod 1955 Dekan der Juristischen Fakultät der Universität La Sapienza in Rom war, studierte nach dem Schulbesuch ebenfalls Rechtswissenschaften an der Universität La Sapienza und war während seines Studiums Mitglied der faschistischen Studentenorganisation Gruppo Universitario Fascista (GUF). 1936 schloss er sein Studium bei dem Professor für Strafrecht, Arturo Rocco, ab.

Während des Zweiten Weltkrieges engagierte er sich im Widerstand gegen die faschistische Diktatur Benito Mussolinis und trat am 8. September 1943 der Resistenza bei. Zwischen Oktober 1943 und Januar 1944 war Vassalli Mitglied des Zentralen Militärrates des Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale (CLN) und organisierte als solcher im Januar 1944 die Flucht von Sandro Pertini und Giuseppe Saragat aus der Haftanstalt Regina Coeli in Rom.

Im April 1944 wurde er schließlich selbst verhaftet und erlitt im Gefängnis Via Tasso in Rom Folterungen durch die SS. Durch Intervention von Papst Pius XII. wurde er am 4. Juni 1944 aus der Haft entlassen.

Hochschullehrer, Kommunalpolitiker und Abgeordneter
Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg war er zunächst als Rechtsanwalt tätig, ehe er Professor für Strafrecht und Strafprozessrecht an der Universität Urbino wurde. Danach übernahm er Professuren für Straf- und Strafprozessrecht an der Universität Pavia, der Universität Padua, der Universität Genua und der Universität Neapel, ehe er schließlich den Ruf auf den Lehrstuhl für diese Rechtsgebiete an der Universität La Sapienza in Rom annahm. Dort lehrte er mit Unterbrechungen bis zu seiner Emeritierung 1990.

1962 begann er seine politische Laufbahn in der Kommunalpolitik, als er zum Mitglied des Stadtrates von Rom gewählt wurde, und in diesem zugleich bis 1966 Vorsitzender der Fraktion des Partito Socialista Italiano (PSI) war.

Am 1. Juni 1968 wurde er für den PSI zum Mitglied der Abgeordnetenkammer gewählt und gehörte dieser als Vertreter des Wahlkreises Roma für eine Legislaturperiode bis zum 24. Mai 1972 an. Während dieser Zeit war er außerdem zwischen Juni 1969 und Mai 1972 Vorsitzender der Kommission für die Überprüfung der Zulassung von Gerichtsverfahren.

Nach dem Ausscheiden aus der Camera dei deputati nahm er seine Tätigkeit als Professor für Straf- und Strafprozessrecht an der Universität La Sapienza wieder auf.

Senator und Justizminister
Am 26. Juni 1983 wurde Vassalli für den PSI zum Mitglied des Senato della Repubblica gewählt und gehörte diesem bis zum Ende der neunten Legislaturperiode am 1. Juli 1987 an. Nachdem er zunächst in dieser Zeit zwischen August 1983 und Oktober 1986 Vorsitzender des Ständigen Ausschusses für die Justiz war, wurde er im August 1986 Vorsitzender der PSI-Fraktion im Senat und übte diese Funktion bis Juli 1987 aus.

Nach seinem Ausscheiden aus dem Senat wurde Vassalli am 28. Juli 1987 von Ministerpräsident Giovanni Goria zum Justizminister Italiens ernannt. Dieses Amt bekleidete er auch in der darauf folgenden Regierung von Ciriaco De Mita sowie im sechsten und siebten Kabinett von Giulio Andreotti bis zum 2. Februar 1991. Während dieser Zeit wurde er 1988 mit dem Großkreuz des Ordens des Infanten Dom Henrique ausgezeichnet.

Richter und Präsident des Verfassungsgerichts sowie Präsidentschaftskandidat
Nachdem Vassalli aus der Regierung ausgeschieden war, wurde er am 13. Februar 1991 von Staatspräsident Francesco Cossiga für eine neunjährige Amtszeit zum Richter am italienischen Verfassungsgericht, der Corte Costituzionale, ernannt.

1992 war er selbst Kandidat des PSI für das Amt des Staatspräsidenten, zog seine Kandidatur aber nach dem vierzehnten Wahlgang zu Gunsten von Oscar Luigi Scalfaro, des Kandidaten der Democrazia Cristiana (DC), zurück, der schließlich im 16. Wahlgang mit einer Mehrheit von 672 Stimmen zum Präsidenten der Republik gewählt wurde.

Am 11. November 1999 wurde er als Nachfolger von Renato Granata Präsident des Verfassungsgerichts und übte dieses Amt bis zum Ende seiner neunjährigen Amtszeit drei Monate später am 13. Februar 2000 aus.

Ehrungen und Auszeichnungen
1982 wurde Vassalli korrespondierendes Mitglied der Accademia dei Lincei, 1990 socio nazionale.
Für seine langjährigen Verdienste um Justiz und Politik Italiens wurde Vassalli mehrfach ausgezeichnet und erhielt den Verdienstorden der Italienischen Republik und wurde 1965 als Großoffizier (Grande Ufficiale) sowie 1966 mit dem Großkreuz (Cavaliere di Gran Croce) dieses Ordens ausgezeichnet. Darüber hinaus wurde ihm 1980 die Verdienstmedaille für Kultur und schöne Künste (Medaglia ai Benemeriti della cultura e dell'arte) verliehen. Am 24. Januar 2002 verlieh ihm schließlich die Universität Bologna einen Ehrendoktortitel.

Veröffentlichungen
 La confisca dei beni: storia recente e profili dommatici, Padua, 1951
 Gian Domenico Pisapia, Il segreto istruttorio nel processo penale, Mailand 1960
 Dizionario di diritto e procedura penale, Mailand 1986
 La giustizia internazionale penale: studi, Mailand 1995
 La legge penale e la sua interpretazione, il reato e la responsabilità penale, le pene e le misure di sicurezza, Mailand 1997
 Il Codice penale e la sua riforma; criminologia, politica criminale e legislazione straniera; giuristi del passato, Mailand 1997
 Formula di Radbruch e diritto penale: note sulla punizione dei delitti di Stato nella Germania postnazista e nella Germania postcomunista, Mailand 2001

Weblinks

 Eintrag (5. Legislaturperiode) auf der Homepage der Camera dei deputati
 Eintrag (9. Legislaturperiode) auf der Homepage des Senato della Repubblica
 Addio a Giuliano Vassalli. Partigiano e costituzionalista. In: La Repubblica vom 23. Oktober 2009
 Normeintrag im Opac des Servizio bibliotecario nazionale
 Veröffentlichungen von Giuliano Vassalli im Opac des Servizio bibliotecario nazionale

Justizminister (Italien)
Richter (Italienisches Verfassungsgericht)
Senator (Italien)
Mitglied der Abgeordnetenkammer (Italien)
Mitglied des Partito Socialista Italiano
Mitglied der Accademia dei Lincei
Hochschullehrer (Universität Urbino)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Pavia)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Padua)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Genua)
Hochschullehrer (Universität Neapel Federico II)
Hochschullehrer (Universität La Sapienza)
Träger des Ordens des Infanten Dom Henrique (Großkreuz)
Träger des Verdienstordens der Italienischen Republik (Großkreuz)
Politiker (Rom)
Italiener
Geboren 1915
Gestorben 2009
Mann

Giuliano Vassalli


Thomas John Patrick Welling (d. 26 Nisan 1977; Putnam Valley, New York) Amerikalı aktör, yapımcı, yönetmen ve eski model.

Hayatı
Thomas John Patrick Welling, 26 Nisan 1977 tarihinde Putnam Valley, New York'ta dünyaya geldi. Babası General Motors'un emekli yöneticisi, annesi ise ev hanımıdır. Rebecca ve Jamie adında iki ablası ve Mark adında (aynı zamanda oyuncu olan) kendisinden küçük bir kardeşi vardır. Babasının işi nedeniyle sık sık taşınmak zorunda kalmışlardır.

1998 yılında yetenek avcısı katalog kameranı tarafından keşfedilmiş, modellik yapması önerilmiştir. 2000 yılında Welling, Los Angeles'a yerleşmiş oyunculuk kariyerini takip ettiği yıllarda Tommy Hilfiger ve başka firmalara modellik yapmıştır. İlk büyük rolü 2001 yılında Judging Amy adlı televizyon dizisinde oynadığı altı bölümle olmuştur. Burada Amy Brenneman'ı zıddı olan sevgilisini ve bir karate hocasını canlandırdı. Daha sonra Special Unit 2 ve Undeclared gibi televizyon dizilerinde göründü. Ülke çapında seçmeleri yapılan Smallville dizisinin Clark Kent rolüne seçildi. TV Guide'a verdiği bir röportaja göre ilk önceleri rolü reddetmiş, senaryoyu okuduktan sonra rolü almayı kabul etmiştir.

Aralık 2003'te Cheaper by the Dozen adlı filmde Steve Martin'in en büyük oğlunu beyaz perdede canlandırmıştır. Aynı zamanda filmin devamı olan Cheaper by the Dozen 2 'de oynamıştır.

Bir yeniden uyarlama olan 2005 yapımı The Fog filminde yer almıştır.

Bir internet dedikodusuna göre 2006 yapımı yeni Superman filmi Superman Returns için dikkate alınmamıştır, çünkü The Movie's web sitesinin röportajına göre Bryan Singer yeni bir yüz istemektedir.

Welling, çoğu kez isminin Superman rolünün üzerine yapışmasından korkmadığını belirtiyor. O daha çok Superman'i oynamaktansa Clark Kent'i oynamayı tercih ettiğini söylüyor. Welling, Smallville'in 5. sezonunda Fragile adlı 18. bölümün yönetmenliğini yapmıştır.

Filmografi

Ödülleri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

1977 doğumlular
Yaşayan insanlar
Amerikalı erkek modeller
New York (eyalet) doğumlular
Amerikalı erkek dizi oyuncuları
Amerikalı televizyon yapımcıları
Amerikalı erkek sinema oyuncuları
21. yüzyılda Amerikalı erkek oyuncular

Tom Welling