Maseikula [maseikulaː] bio je fidžijski plemić koji je kao Tui Nayau vladao otokom Nayauom.

Maseikula je bio sin poglavice Buivaroroa i gospe Tarau te unuk poglavice Naosare, osnivača značajne fidžijske plemićke obitelji.

Postoji velika mogućnost da je Maseikula rođen na Lakebi, gdje je živio Maseikulin stric, Kalouyalewa. Nakon smrti svoga oca, Maseikula je zavladao. Ime je Maseikuline supruge nepoznato, ali Maseikula i njegova supruga dobili su sinove, Vakaotija i Vukinavanuu. Vukinavanua je zavladao nakon očeve smrti.

Izvori

Fidžijsko plemstvo

Maseikula


Muntele Negru (în , în , în ) este cel mai înalt masiv muntos din Carpații Ucrainei. Este situat în estul Carpaților Păduroși. Creasta principală se întinde pe o lungime de circa 40 km între văile râurilor  (la vest) și Ceremușul Negru (la est).

Informații generale
Din punct de vedere geologic, Muntele Negru este compus din gresie și fliș, cu filoane de șist. Există și zone cu roci vulcanice, și se întâlnesc frecvent grohotișuri.

O mare parte din masiv servește drept cumpănă a apelor între bazinele hidrografice ale Prutului și Tisei (multe secole, pe aici a fost și o frontieră între diferitele state cărora le aparțineau regiunile istorice Galiția și Transcarpatia). Partea de vest, cu vârful  (2020 m) se află în Transcarpatia — în bazinul hidrografic al Tisei, în timp ce partea răsăriteană se întinde către sud-est. Pe ambele părți ale Muntelui Negru separă văi adânci — șaua Polonină (înălțime de până la 1550 m). Partea de vest are o altitudine relativă de 300 m; înspre est — creasta monotonă și masivă cu vârfuri înalte, de peste 1900 m și 2000 m (Hovârla — 2061 m, în alt sistem de coordonate — 2058 m),  — 1998 m,  — 2016 m,  — 2022 m), iar șaua dintre ele nu coboară sub 1750 m

Din creasta principală se ramifică pinteni laterali relativ scurți. În contrast cu  lanțurile muntoase aproape drepte (resturile unei ), marginea Muntelui Negru este tăiată de văi înguste și abrupte, cu căderi de până la 1000 m. Aceasta este o caracteristică a Muntelui Negru, care îl deosebește de alte părți ale Carpaților, prin faptul că este mai afectat de glaciațiune. În trecut, limita zăpezilor veșnice se afla la o altitudine de 1300-1400 m și s-au format ghețari (în valea Prutului ghețari atingeau o altitudine de 1000 m și o lungime de 6,5 km). Pe urmele fostei glaciațiuni au rămas căldări — circuri glaciare, cu maluri abrupte, de multe ori cu margini stâncoase și deschideri largi, uneori umplând lacuri (sub Gutinul Tomnatic se află ); văile au declinații inegale (uneori cascade, de exemplu ), și morene laterale și terminale.

Marginea Muntelui Negru este acoperită cu păduri. La marginea de nord în dealurile de la poalele masivului, cresc păduri de fag (până la 1300 m), și mai sus — brad (exclusiv până la 1600 m); în marginea de sud este foarte răspândit fagul, care, preponderent, creează limita superioară a pădurii.

În peisajul Muntelui Negru, limita superioară a pădurii atinge cele mai înalte culmi (acoperă complet dealurile de pe partea sudică, pe  la altitudinea de 1680 m, pe  — 1680 m, curent,  — 1660 m,  — 1625 m,  — 1600 m). Linia trece de la un vârf la altul, ridicându-se pe pante abrupte (Brescul, Danțer, Șpîți) și scăzând pe cele mai domoale (, Hovârla), are un pronunțat caracter antropogenic. O mică fluctuație de înălțime contribuie la aspectul masiv al crestei Muntelui Negru. La nord-est, pe abruptul Zapalovîci înălțimea medie a pădurii este de 1450-1500 m, iar la sud — 1500-1550 m. A. Środoń a stabilit, pe baza a peste 250 de măsurători, că diferența între nivelurile maxim și minim al limitei pădurii ajunge la 60 m (1570 m, la sud, 1510 la nord). Pe Muntele Negru, limita superioară a pădurii este formată din molizi, și infuzat cu cedri și brazi. Coniferele sunt omniprezente. Complexele naturale cu păduri de brad din zona limitei superioare a pădurii ocupă aproximativ 95% din suprafață.

Mai sus — de până la 1800 m, — se întinde zona arbuștilor subalpini, în special cu jnepenișuri, ienuperi și de , iar peste 1800 m — pășuni alpine, care ating cele mai înalte culmi, uneori ajungând în zone pietroase. Există mai multe plante endemice.

Populația locală este predominant formată din etnici huțuli. Sunt locuite zonele mai joase ale Muntelui Negru — în Transcarpatia, în văile Tisei Negre (Frasin) și Albe (Bogdan), în partea de nord a crestei fiind satele Bîstreț și Dzembonea. Terenurile arabile ocupă doar 0,5 % din suprafață, în timp ce pădurea acoperă aproximativ 70 %, fînețele 5 %, pajiștile și pășunile 22 %. Pentru conservarea naturii, după Primul Război Mondial s-au înființat mici rezervații; în 1964 — fiind comasate într-una singură, de 7702 ha. Acum există rezervația Masivul Muntele Negru, care intră în compoziția unei mai mari rezervații a biosferei Carpatică, înființată în 1968. Ulterior, în 1980, s-a înființat și Parcul Național Carpatic, zona făcând parte dintr-un sit natural în patrimoniul UNESCO, numită "Pădurile primare de mesteceni din Carpați și pădurile bătrâne de fagi din Germania".

În Muntele Negru, se practică păstoritul, într-un sezon de 5 luni pe an. Aici este cea mai mare rețea turistică din Carpații Ucraineni (trasee pornind de la: Rahău, Frasin, Vorohta, Bîstreț, Verhovîna și altele).

Vârfurile de peste 2000 m
 Hovârla (2061 m)
 Brebenescul (2035 m)
  (2028 m)
  (2020 m)
  (2016 m)
  (2001 m)

Note

Munți din Ucraina

Muntele Negru


ريموند ديفيس يونيور  عالم أمريكي في الفيزياء والكيمياء، حصل عام 2002 على جائزة نوبل للفيزياء عن "بحوثه الرائدة في الفيزياء الفلكية وبصفة خاصة عن إثباته وجود الجسيم الأولي المسمى نيوترينو.

ولد ريموند ديفيس في 14 أكتوبر 1914 في مدينة واشنطن بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وتوفي في 31 مايو 2006 في مدينة بلو بوينت بولاية نيويورك. يقترن اسمه بتجربة هومستاك لقياس النيوترينو.

وقد اشترك مع ريموند ديفيس في جائزة نوبل الفيزيائيان ماساتوشي كوشيبا وريكاردو جياكوني.

اقرأ أيضا

 تجربة هومستاك
 تذبذب النيوترينو
 نيوترينو
 ديفيز باهكال

روابط خارجية

مراجع

أعضاء الأكاديمية الوطنية الأمريكية للعلوم
أعضاء هيئة تدريس جامعة بنسلفانيا
أمريكيون حازوا جائزة نوبل
حائزون على جائزة نوبل في الفيزياء
حائزون على جائزة وولف في الفيزياء
حائزون على جوائز الأكاديمية الوطنية للعلوم
حائزون على قلادة العلوم الوطنية الأمريكية
خريجو جامعة ميريلاند (كوليدج بارك)
خريجو جامعة ييل
زملاء الجمعية الفيزيائية الأمريكية
علماء كيمياء فيزيائية أمريكيون
علماء من واشنطن العاصمة
علماء من ولاية نيويورك
فائزون في جائزة بانوفسكي
فيزيائيون أمريكيون في القرن 20
مواليد 1914
مواليد في واشنطن العاصمة
وفيات 2006
وفيات بسبب مرض آلزهايمر
وفيات في نيويورك (ولاية)
حاصلون ميدالية بينجامين فرانكلين

ريموند ديفيس


Cihan Sedat, () (d. 29 Ağustos 1933, Kahire – ö. 9 Temmuz 2021, Kahire) yazar, akademisyen, edebiyat eleştirmeni. Mısır Eski Devlet Başkanı Enver Sedat'ın eşi.

Babası Safvet Rauf, İngiltere'de eğitim almış bir Mısırlı, annesi Gladys Cotterill ise Rauf ile evlendikten sonra Kahire'ye yerleşmiş Katolik Hristiyan bir İngiliz idi.

Çocukluğu Kahire'de geçen Cihan Safvet, Hristiyan çocukların eğitim aldığı bir okula gönderildi. Henüz lise öğrencisiyken, 1948 yılının Ramazan ayında, Süveyş'te Enver Sedat ile tanıştı. Çok geçmeden 29 Mayıs 1949'da evlendiler. Enver Sedat, Mısır Kralı Faruk'un Maliye Bakanı Emin Osman'ı öldüren askerleri çölde eğitmekle suçlanmış, bir süre hapis yatmıştı.

Enver Sedat, Cihan ile evlendikten 3 yıl sonra, Kral Faruk'a karşı darbe yapıp siyasi hayata atılınca, Cihan Sedat da bütün Mısır tarafından tanınmaya başladı.

Mısır'ın İsrail ile 1967 ve 1973'te yaptığı savaşlara hastabakıcı ve hemşire olarak katılan Cihan Sedat, eşi Enver Sedat'ın 1970 yılında Mısır Cumhurbaşkanlığı görevine gelince, 37 yaşında "first lady" oldu.

Enver Sedat'ın görevde kaldığı 11 yıl boyunca, sosyal ve eğitim amaçlı birçok faaliyette bulunan Cihan Sedat, kurduğu Talla Eğitim ve Kalkınma Kooperatifleri ile Vefa ve'l-Amal adlı kadın kuruluşlarıyla, Mısırlı kadınların kendilerini geliştirmelerine yardımcı oldu. Ayrıca, İsrail ile yapılan savaşların ardından bir sosyal vakıa olarak ortaya çıkan sahipsiz çocukları barındırmak için, S.O.S Çocuk Köyleri'nin Mısır'da da kurulmasına öncülük etti. Mısır Kan Bankası'nın tesisinde etkin rol oynadı.

Cihan Sedat, akademik kariyerini de, eşinin devlet başkanlığı döneminde devam ettirdi. 1977 yılında Kahire Üniversitesi'nde doktorasını tamamladı. 1986'da yine Kahire Üniversitesi'nde profesörlük payesini elde etti.

Cihan Sedat, eşinin öldürülmesinden dört yıl sonra, 1985 yılında hatıralarını kaleme aldı. (A Woman of Egypt). Türkiye'de "Piramit Yolunda Aşkın ve Devrimin Hikâyesi" adıyla yayınlanan kitap, ABD'de best-seller oldu.

Cihan Sedat, ABD ve Mısır'da yaşayıp, çeşitli üniversitelerde dersler verdi. 9 Temmuz 2021 günü 87 yaşında hastanede gördüğü tedavi sırasında hayatını kaybetti.

1933 doğumlular
Mısırlı yazarlar
Siyasetçi eşleri
Cihan
Mısırlı feministler
2021 yılında ölenler
Mısırlı akademisyenler
İngiliz asıllı kişiler
Kahire Üniversitesinde öğrenim görenler

Cihan Sedat


Bularga este un cartier din municipiul Iași.

Etimologie
Bularga este numele unei persoane înstărite care a locuit, cândva, în zonă.

Geografie
Cartierul Bularga se află în sudul orașului Iași.

Transport
 Autobuz: 27, 29, 30, 30b, 42, 43, 43c, 46

Note

Cartiere din Iași

Bularga


BIG Shopping Center er et indkøbscenter, der åbnede på den såkaldte DISA-grund i Herlev i 2015.

I centeret findes en biograf, 16 butikker og 5 restauranter, blandt andet ILVA, Elgiganten, Power, Bone's, Max Burger og Føtex.

Biografen er omtalt i Berlingske Business som Europas første luksusbiograf.

Referencer

Eksterne henvisninger
 BIG's hjemmeside

Herlev
Etableret i 2015
Indkøbscentre i København og omegn

Big Shopping Center


Ngũ Hành Sơn (que en español quiere decir Montañas de los Cinco Elementos) es un grupo de cinco colinas de piedra caliza y mármol, ubicados en el barrio de Ngu Hanh Son, al sur de la ciudad de Da Nang, en el país asiático de Vietnam. Las cinco 'montañas' se llama así por los cinco elementos; Kim (metal), Thuy (agua), Moc (madera), Hoa (fuego) y Tho (tierra).

Todas las montañas tienen entradas de cuevas y túneles numerosas, y es posible subir a la cima de uno de los picos

Véase también
Geografía de Vietnam
Geografía de Asia

Referencias

Cordilleras de Vietnam
Cuevas budistas
Budismo en Vietnam

Ngũ Hành Sơn


Hiroki Nakayama (født 13. december 1985) er en japansk tidligere professionel fodboldspiller.

Han har spillet for flere forskellige klubber i sin karriere, herunder Kyoto Sanga FC.

Eksterne henvisninger

Fodboldspillere fra Japan

Hiroki Nakayama


Justs Sirmais (født 2. februar 1995) også kendt som Justs er en Letlandsk sanger som repræsenterede Letland ved Eurovision Song Contest 2016 med sangen "Heartbeat", hvor han opnåede en 15. plads.

Referencer

Eksterne envisninger

Sangere fra Letland
Letlands Eurovision Song Contest-deltagere
Deltagere ved Eurovision Song Contest 2016

Justs Sirmais


Dálibor (título original en checo, Dalibor) es una ópera en tres actos con música de Bedřich Smetana y libreto escrito en alemán por Josef Wenzig, y traducido al checo por Ervin Špindler. Se estrenó en el Teatro Provisional en Praga el 16 de mayo de 1868. La ópera recibió crítica en la época por estar demasiado influida por la ópera alemana, incluyendo la de Richard Wagner.

El personaje central de la ópera es Dálibor de Kozojed (fl. h. 1490), un caballero checo que intervino en un alzamiento en Ploskovice apoyando al pueblo oprimido y fue sentenciado a muerte en 1498, durante el reinado de Vladislao II. La trama se parece a la de la ópera de Ludwig van Beethoven Fidelio, en el hecho de que el personaje central femenino de ambas óperas se disfraza de hombre para intentar salvar al héroe.

Historia
Smetana tuvo gran aprecio por esta ópera, pero debido a su tibia recepción, murió pensando que había fracasado con esta ópera. La reposición en 1886, sin embargo, dos años después de la muerte del compositor, fue un éxito. En los años 1890, la ópera se produjo en Zagreb, Múnich y Hamburgo. Gustav Mahler dirigió una producción del año 1892 en Viena.

Esta ópera rara vez se representa en la actualidad; en las estadísticas de Operabase aparece con sólo 5 representaciones en el período 2005-2010.

Personajes

Referencias
Notas

Fuentes
The Oxford Dictionary of Opera, por John Warrack y Ewan West (1992), 782 páginas, ISBN 0-19-869164-5
Licencia

Enlaces externos

 Notas y libreto bilingüe (checo y español).
 Discografía en Operadis
 Presentación de Dalibor en la web site de Supraphon (en inglés)

Óperas de Bedřich Smetana
Óperas en checo
Óperas de 1868
Óperas estrenadas en Praga

Dálibor


ماري روز  اسم لاحدى سفن الاسطول الإنكليزي في عهد الملك هنري الثامن وكانت من السفن المفضلة لديه، وقد تم اغراقها من قبل الاسطول الفرنسي الذي كان يحاول غزو الأراضي الإنجليزية حينها، كانت ماري روز سفينة ضخمة نسبيا وقد غرقت سنة 1545م، وتم انتشالها من القنال الإنكليزي في عام1982م، قبالة مدينة بورتسماوث حيث غرقت هناك. وهي الآن معروضة في متحف الميناء المذكور حيث جرت لها بعض الترميمات والإصلاحات. وجد في داخلها الكثير من المتع والأسلحة والمدافع.

تاريخ السفينة
تم بناء «ماري روز» بين عامي 1510و 1512 وأبلت بلاء حسنًا في الحروب الإنكليزية الفرنسية الأربعة. كانت سفينة حربية ناجحة تمامًا ويعو ذلك إلى أن تسليح «ماري روز» كان متقن ومدروس؛ لأنه يجمع بين التكنولوجيا القديمة من مدافع الحديد المصنع، وتحتوي بشكل أساسي على ماسورة المدفع، وتثبيت الخلفية مع تجويف به فتحة في مؤخرته سدادة، ثم الفوهة البرونزية وهي من تكنولوجيا التي كان على الملك «هنري الثامن» استيرادها من القارة الأوروبية، لأن في إنجلترا كان الإنجليز في ذلك الوقت يفتقرون لتلك التكنولوجيا؛ ولذلك جلب أفضل صُنَّاع المدافع من «أوروبا»، وهيأ لهم العمل في لندن، وعلموا صُنَّاع المدافع «الإنجليز» تكنولوجيا صناعة المدافع البرونزية، وأصبح المدفع الذي يعبأ من الفوهة يعمل في الأسطول الإنجليزي.

انظر أيضا
 لفائف أنطوني

مصادر

 مجلة الأمم المتحدة للعلم والثقافة /اليونسكو
 قناة المجد الوثائقية
 الجزيرة الوثائقية

إنجلترا في 1510
إنجلترا في 1545
إنجلترا في 1982
تاريخ النبالة
حوادث بحرية القرن 16
سفن القرن 16
سفن القوات البحرية الإنجليزية
سفن إبحار فردية
سفن بحرية الولايات المتحدة
سفن بنيت في بورتسموث
سفن حفظت في متاحف
هنري الثامن ملك إنجلترا
الحرب الإيطالية في 1542–1546

ماري روز


Johan Henrik Ludvig «Henki» Kolstad (* 3. Februar 1915 in Kristiania; † 14. Juli 2008 in Oslo) war ein norwegischer Schauspieler und Regisseur. Er war über mehrere Generationen in Norwegen bekannt für allseitige Schauspielkunst in Film und Theater. Besonders im Fernsehzeitalter erreichte er Aufmerksamkeit, so unter anderem für die Rolle als «Skomaker Andersen» in der Weihnachtsserie (juleserien) Skomakergata von 1979, sowie für seine Auftritte bei drei norwegischen Olsenbande-Filmen (Neuverfilmung) in der Rolle als Kongen (König) und Meister Hansen.

Werdegang

Theater
Kolstad debütierte 1928 als 13-jähriger Theaterdarsteller im Nationaltheatret in dem Theaterstück 18 år (18 Jahre), und hatte sein Erwachsenendebüt «voksendebut» 1936 im Centralteatret. Im Laufe seiner langen Karriere am Theater, war er unter anderem am Trøndelag Teater, Det Nye Teater, Edderkoppen teater, Centralteatret und von 1964 bis 1986 am Nationaltheatret tätig. Neben seinen Sprech-Theaterrollen trat er dort auch als Sänger in Operetten, so wie z. B. in der Aufführung "Sommer in Tirol" (Sommer i Tyrol) und in dem Musical My Fair Lady. Kolstad hatte 1959 auch die Rolle als Alfred P. Dolittle bei My Fair Lady, was auch die erste norwegische Musical-Aufführung im Osloer Folketeatret (Volkstheater) war. Ein Höhepunkt Kolstad beim Theater waren die Farce-Aufführungen von 1989 bis 1990 bei Den spanske flue (Die Spanische Fliege) am ABC Theatre, wo er den Senffabrikanten Ludwig Klinke spielte. Das Theaterstück wurde seit 1990 mehrmals im norwegischen Fernsehen NRK zu Weihnachten ausgestrahlt, zuletzt 2007. Jenseits dieser Aufführungen hatte Kolstad auch weitere wichtige Rollen am Fjernsynsteatret (Fernsehtheater) und am Nationaltheatret (Nationaltheater) gespielt.
Seine letzte Vorstellung als Theater-Angestellter hatte mit der Aufführung am Nationaltheatret des Stückes Tod eines Handlungsreisenden (En handelsreisendes død) mit Kolstad in der Hauptrolle als Willy Loman. Danach ging er offiziell in den Ruhestand und spielte er nur noch sporadisch am Theater. Seinen allerletzten Bühnenauftritt hatte er 1993 in dem Stück Det lykkelige valg als Doktor Onsø.

Film und Fernsehen
Im Film debütierte Kolstad 1930 als 14-Jähriger in dem dänischen Film Eskimo (Der weiße Gott) von 1930 und bekam 1951 seine erste Hauptrolle als Petter Gran in Vi gifter oss. Kolstad war in Norwegen für seine umfangreiche Beteiligung an erfolgreichen norwegischen Film- und Fernsehproduktionen bekannt.

Zu seinen bekanntesten Fernsehproduktionen gehörte die norwegische Familien-Weihnachtsserie Jul i Skomakergata (1979), wo er die Hauptrolle des Jens Andersen Petrus spielte. Diese Serie wurde mehrmals wiederholt, zuletzt 2003 und sie trug auch mit dazu bei, das Kolstad auch beim jüngeren Publikum in seiner Heimat bekannt wurde. In den 1950er Jahren war Henki Kolstad mit Inger Marie Andersen ein sehr beliebtes Filmpaar, da sie in mehreren Filmen wie Vi gifter oss gemeinsam auftraten. Er wirkte auch bei vielen anderen bekannten norwegischen bzw. skandinavischen Filmen mit, wie 1958 in den Filmen Pastor Jarman kommer hjem und De dødes tjern (1958), 1963 in Vildanden sowie 1965 in Skjær i sjøen. Kolstad ist außerdem in Norwegen bekannt für seine Beteiligung bei den Neuverfilmungen der ursprünglich dänischen Olsenbande. Er spielte in der norwegischen Olsenbande-Filmreihe, bei drei Filmen mit, zweimal die Rolle als Kongen (König) und einmal als Mester Hansen (Meister Hansen).

Im Fernsehen debütierte er 1966 in dem Fernsehtheater-Stück Kontoristene. Anschließend hatte er noch viele weitere wichtige Auftritte, so z. B. 1980 in der Familien-Komödienserie Hjemme hos oss, mit ihm in der Hauptrolle als Oddbjørn. Sein allerletzter Auftritt im Fernsehen war 2001 eine Gastrolle in der Kriminalserie Fox Grønland.

Familie
Henki Kolstad Familie lebte in Oslo. Er heiratete am 8. Juli 1938 seine Frau Else Kolstad und sie waren 76 Jahre zusammen verheiratet. Gemeinsam hatten sie einen Sohn, den Filmregisseur Morten Kolstad, und zwei Töchter. Henki Kolstad war der ältere Bruder des Schauspielers und Sängers Lasse Kolstad. Er war der Sohn von Andreas Kolstad (1883–1959) und Johanne (1884–1966). Kolstad starb am Montag, den 14. Juli 2008 im Diakonhjemmet Krankenhaus in Oslo im Alter von 93 Jahren.

Ehrungen und Preise
 1958: Filmkritikerprisen Filmkritikerpreis für seine Hauptrolle als Petter Gran in dem Film Vi gifter oss von 1951.
 1959: Storkors i Purpurnæseordenen i Kunstnerforeningen (Großkreuz des Purpurnæse Orden) von der norwegischen Künstlervereinigung und mit der Aamot-statuetten bzw. mit den Amanda für seine Bemühungen zum norwegischen Film ausgezeichnet.
 1971: Teaterkritikerprisen (Theaterkritikerpreis) für seine Rolle als Narr in König Lear (Kong Lear)
 1988: Kommandeur des St. Olavs Orden
 1990: Æres-Amanda
Im Jahr 2003 drehten Ingerid Nordstrand und Pål Bang-Hansen vom NRK ein Dokumentarfilm über Henki Kolstad mit dem Titel: «Henki på film» (Henki im Film), der im Juli 2003 beim norwegischen Fernsehen erstmals gezeigt wurde.

Filmografie (Film und Fernsehen)

Theaterbühnenauftritte

Weblinks

 Oversikt over hans roller ved Nationaltheatret (Übersicht über seine Hauptrollen am Nationaltheater) 1928–1993
 Første episode av Jul i Skomakergata
 Henki Kolstad im Norsk biografisk leksikon
 Biografie über Henki Kolstad im Store norske leksikon

Einzelnachweise

Filmschauspieler
Theaterschauspieler
Filmregisseur
Träger des Sankt-Olav-Ordens (Komtur)
Norweger
Geboren 1915
Gestorben 2008
Mann

Henki Kolstad


Fudbalski Klub Partizan, Sırbistan'ın başkenti Belgrad'ın futbol takımlarından biridir. 4 Ekim 1945'te kurulmuştur. Ezeli rakibi Crvena zvezda'dır. Maçlarını Partizan Stadyumu'nda oynarlar. Takımı iç sahada oynadığı maçlarda ateşli bir taraftar grubu olan Grobari Jug destekler.

Tarihi
Partizan Futbol Kulübü, 4 Ekim 1945'te Yugoslavya-Partizan Spor Kulübü'nün futbol kolu olarak kuruldu. O günlerde Partizan adı altında 25 ayrı kulüp mücadele ediyordu. Daha sonradan Partizan bir futbol kulübü olarak Yugoslavya-Partizan'dan ayrıldı. Armanın içindeki yıldız zamanın Yugoslavyası'nın bayrağındaki yıldızdır. O da 1966 yılında dönemin Partizan takımı 18 kişilik Yugoslavya millî takım kadrosuna 15 futbolcu vermiş bunun 11i ilk 11de yer alması ve ülkeyi temsilen verilmiştir.

Başarıları
Partizan Futbol Kulübü 20 kere lig şampiyonu oldu. Ayrıca 10 kere de Yugoslavya ve daha sonradan Sırbistan Kupası'nı müzesine götürdü. Partizan tam dört kere hem şampiyon ve hem de kupa galibi olmuştur ve ülkenin bu alanda kupa rekorunu hâlen elinde bulundurmaktadır.

 1990 yılında UEFA Kupa Galipleri Kupasında çeyrek final oynadı.
 1964 yılında UEFA Şampiyonlar Liginde çeyrek final oynadı
 1966 yılında UEFA Şampiyonlar Liginde final oynadı.
 4 kez UEFA Kupası'nda son 16'ya kalma başarısı gösterdi.

Partizan, Avrupa kupalarında çıktığı 147 maçta 60 galibiyet, 29 beraberlik ve 58 yenilgi aldı, 236 gol atıp, 205 golü kalesinde gördü.

Kadro

Rekortmen Oyuncular ve Kulübün Rekorları

FK Partizan formasını 791 kere giyen Momcilo Vukotic ve oynadığı zamanlarda 425 gol atan Stjepan Bobek takımlarının tarihine adlarını yazdırdılar. Partizan tarihi boyunca Sırbistan millî takımına 130 oyuncu verdi ve bu oyuncuların dokuzu millî takım forması ile elliden fazla maça çıktı. Bu oyuncular; Bobek, Zebec, Cajkovski, Jusufi, Galic, Soskic, Jokanovic, Mijatovic ve Milosevic.
Partizan şimdiye kadar 6 maçı 10'un üzerinde gol atarak tamamladı. Ayrıca Partizan'ın lig şampiyonluklarından ikisi 100 golün üzerinde kazanılarak bitti. Partizan hala 111 gol ile bu rekoru elinde bulunduruyor.

Veteranlar
Partizan Futbol Kulübü'nde şimdiye kadar oynanan birçok sezonda, bir sezon boyunca 50 maç ve üzerinde oynayan futbolcular bulunuyor. Partizan'ın yıldızları; Bobek, Atanackovic, Colic, Jovanovic 1960'lı ve 1970'li yıllarda da dönemin Yugoslav futbolcuları arasında bulunuyordu. 80'lerde ve 90'larda ise Kovacevic, Rasovic, Damjanovic, Paunovic ve Radakovic takımda en çok maça çıkan oyunculardı. 1994 yılının Ocak ayından itibaren 2001 yılının Kasım ayına kadar takımda sürekli ve birlikte oynayan oyuncuları Trifunovic, Djordjevic, Bjekovic, Arsenovic ve Markovic ile birlikte çıktığı 211 lig maçının 11'ini kaybetti ve 8'inde berabere kaldı. Partizan'ın en istikararlı teknik direktörleri ise; Voja Markovic ve Aca Trifunovic.

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

Çok takımlı spor kulüpleri
Askerî sporlar
Belgrad'da spor
Sırbistan futbol kulüpleri
20. yüzyılda Sırbistan'da kurulan oluşumlar
1940'larda Yugoslavya'da kurulan oluşumlar
1945'te Avrupa'da kurulan oluşumlar
1945'te kurulan futbol kulüpleri

FK Partizan


අ'නසිටෝ චේ ගුවේරා (; June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as El Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat, military theorist, and major figure of the Cuban Revolution. Since his death, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol and global insignia within popular culture.

1928 ජුනි 14 වෙනි දින ආර්ජන්ටිනා වේදී උපත ලද ශ්‍රේෂ්ට විප්ලවවාදියා. 20 වෙනි සියවසේ ජනතාවට සුවිසල බලපෑමක් හා ආකර්ශනයක් ඇතිකල දේශපාලන ප්‍රතිරූපය චේ ගුවෙරාය. බුවනස් අයස් විශ්වවිද්‍යාලයෙන් වෛද්‍ය උපාදිය ලත් හෙතම ලතින් ඇමරිකාව පුරා සැරිසරමින් පිඩිත ජනතාවගේ ජිවන අරගලය වෙනුවෙන් සිය තුරුණු දිවිය කැපකළ අසහාය ලතින් ඇමරිකානුවා.1954 දී ග්‍රන්මා යාත්‍රාවෙන් පිදෙල් කස්ට්රෝ ඇතුළු විප්ලව වාදීන් සමග  මක්ෂිකොව සිට ගමන් අරඹා කියුබාව තුල සමාජවාදී විප්ලවය ජයග්‍රහණය කර එරට ජනතාවට විමුක්තිය උදාකරදිමෙන් නොනැවතුණු ඔහු බොලිවියාවේ විප්ලවීය අරගලය තුලදී සිය ජීවිතය ලෝක සමාජවාද ී උන්නතිය වෙනුවෙන් 1967 දී පුදන ලදී.

ok

හැඳින්විම
පසු  කාලීනව ලොව පුරා නොයෙක් සංස්කෘතීන්ෂණී ආකර්ෂනිය ප්‍රතිරෑයක වු එරන්ඩ්වෝ"චේගු‍වේා ආර්ජන්ටිනාවේ මාක්ස්වාදි විප්ලවවාදියෙක් , දේශපාලඥයෙක් රචකයෙක්, මුදාමතවාදීයෙක්, වෛද්‍යවරයෙක් මෙන්ම, ගරිල්ලානායකයෙක් ද විය.

තරැණ වෛද්‍ය සිසුකේ ලෙස ලතින් ඇමරිකාවේ ගමන් කර චේ එම ප්‍රදේශය පුරා පැතිරැනු දුප්පත්කම දැකීනේ විශාල ලෙස වෙනඩ් විය. එම ගමනේදි ඔහු ලද අත්දැකිම් නිරික්ෂණය අනුව මෙම දුප්පත්කමට සහ එම ප්‍ර‍දේශයේ සමානාත්මතවයක් නැතිවීමට හේතු ලෙස ධනවාදය, නවධනවාදය හා අධිරාජ්‍යවාදය දුටුවේය. මෙම තත්ත්වය වෙනස් කිරිමට එකම ක්‍රමය ලෝක විප්ලවයක් බව ඔහු විශ්වාස කළේය.මෙම විශ්වාසය නිසා ඔහු ගෝතමාලානි සමජ විප්ලපවයට, ජනාධිපති ජාකොමෝ අර්මෙන්ඩ් ගුස්මේන් යටතේ සම්බන්ධ විය. මෙම ජනපති ඇමේරිකාවේ CIA සහය ඇතිව බලයෙන් පහ කෙරැනු අතර, මින් ගුවේරාගේ විප්ලවකාරි දෘෂ්ටිවාදය තවත් ශක්තිමත් විය. පසුව ඔහු මෙක්සිකෝවේ, ෆිඩෙල්කැඩ්ත්‍රෝගේ 26 වැනි ජුලි ව්‍යාපාරයේ වැදගත් කාර්ය භාරයක් ඉටු කාර්ය මෙහිදි ඔවුන් ඇමේරිකානු සහය ලැබු කියුබානු ඒකාධිපතියෙකු වු Fulgencio Batista බලයෙන් පහ කළහ.කියුබානු විප්ලවයෙන් පසුව ඔහු එම රජයේ ප්‍රධාන තනතුරැ කීයක දැරීය, ජාතික බැංකුවේ දභාපති ලෙස, උත්තරීතර නඩු පරන්නේ (විල්පවවාදි අධිකරණය මණ්ඩල‍යේ සහ පැරණි රජයේ සිටි සැකකාර යුධ අපරාධකරැවන් මරණයට පත්කරවීමට) කටයුතු කළේය.

කියුබානු සමාජදය වෙනුනේ ලොවනායන් හමුවීමට අතරව මේ නො‍කේ දේ රචන කලේය. ඔහුගේ නිකුත් කල ග්‍රන්ත අතර ගරිල්ල යුධක්‍රම මේ න්‍යාය සහ පුහුණුව / ක්‍රියාවේ යෙදවී යන උපදෙස් පෙත්ද වේ. ගුවේරා 1965 කියුබාව හැරගොස් Congo – Kinshasa හ බොලිවියාවේ විල්පලවය ඇති කිරීමට උත්සහ දැරැය එම ප්‍රයත්නය නිශ්පල විය. CIA හි උදව් සමග ඔහු අල්ලාගෙන පසුව මරණයට පත් කරන ලදි.

චරිතාපදාන රාශියකින් , මතක සටහන්, රචනා, වාර්තා චිත්‍රපට, ගීත සහ චිත්‍රපට රාශියකින් සාමූහික පරිකල්පනය තුළ ධ්‍රැවීකරණය වූ ගුවේරා ගෞරවාදරයට පාත්‍ර වූ මෙන්ම නිග්‍රහයට පාත්‍ර වූ ඓතිහාසික චරිතයක් ලෙස පවතී.
ඔහුගේ සංජානනීය ප්‍රාණ පරිත්‍යාගය, පන්ති අරගලය සඳහා කාව්‍යමය ආයාචනා සහ ද්‍රව්‍යමය දිරිගැන්වීම්වලට වඩා සදාචාරාත්මකව මෙහෙයවනු ලබන "අලුත් මිනිසෙකු" පිළිබඳ විඥානය නිර්මාණය කිරීමට ඇති ආශාවේ ප්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස,[17] ගුවේරා විවිධ වාමාංශික ව්‍යාපාරවල ප්‍රධාන සංකේතයක් බවට පරිණාමය වී ඇත. ඊට ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධව, ඔහුගේ දක්ෂිණාංශික මතවාදී විචාරකයින් ඔහුට චෝදනා කරන්නේ ඒකාධිපතිවාදය ප්‍රවර්ධනය කිරීම සහ ඔහුගේ දේශපාලන විරුද්ධවාදීන්ට එරෙහි ප්‍රචණ්ඩත්වය අනුමත කිරීම ය.
ඔහුගේ උරුමය පිළිබඳ මතභේද තිබියදීත්, Time සඟරාව ඔහුව 20 වැනි සියවසේ වඩාත්ම බලගතු පුද්ගලයන් 100 දෙනාගෙන් කෙනෙකු ලෙස නම් කරන ලද අතර, [18] ඔහුගේ Alberto Korda ඡායාරූපය Guerrillero Heroico ලෙස නම් කර ඇති අතර, Maryland Institute College of Art විසින් "වඩාත්ම ලෝකයේ ප්‍රසිද්ධ ඡායාරූපය " ලෙස දක්වා ඇත. .[19]

See also

Main:
 Che Guevara (photo)
 Che Guevara in popular culture
 Legacy of Che Guevara
 Guevarism

Books:
 The Motorcycle Diaries (book)
 Guerrilla Warfare (book)
 Episodes of the Cuban Revolutionary War (book)

Films:
 Che - Part 1 & Part 2 (2008 film)
 The Motorcycle Diaries (film)
 Che! (1969 film)
 The Hands of Che Guevara (film)

Notes

References

  Alekseev, Aleksandr (October 1984). "Cuba después del triunfo de la revolución" ("Cuba after the triumph of the revolution"). Moscow: America Latina.
  Almudevar, Lola (October 9, 2007). "Bolivia marks capture, execution of 'Che' Guevara 40 years ago". San Francisco Chronicle.
 Anderson, Jon Lee (1997). Che Guevara: A Revolutionary Life. New York: Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-1600-0.
  Bamford, James (2002). Body of Secrets: Anatomy of the Ultra-Secret National Security Agency (Reprint edition). New York: Anchor Books. ISBN 0-385-49908-6.
  BBC News (January 17, 2001). "Profile: Laurent Kabila". Accessed April 10, 2008.
  BBC News (May 26, 2001). Che Guevara photographer dies. Accessed January 4, 2006.
  BBC News (October 9, 2007). "Cuba pays tribute to Che Guevara". BBC News, International version.

  Ben Bella, Ahmed (October 1997). "Che as I knew him". Le Monde diplomatique. mondediplo.com. Accessed February 28, 2008.
  Bockman, USMC Major Larry James (April 1, 1984). The Spirit of Moncada: Fidel Castro's Rise to Power 1953-1959. United States: Marine Corps Command and Staff College.

  Castañeda, Jorge G (1998). Che Guevara: Compañero. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-75940-9.
  Castro, Fidel (editors Bonachea, Rolando E. and Nelson P. Valdés; 1972). Revolutionary Struggle 1947–1958. Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-02065-3.

  Cuban Information Archives. "La Coubre explodes in Havana 1960". Accessed February 26, 2006; pictures can be seen at Cuban site fotospl.com .
  DePalma, Anthony (2006). The Man Who Invented Fidel: Castro, Cuba, and Herbert L. Matthews of the New York Times. New York: Public Affairs. ISBN 1-58648-332-3.
  Dorfman, Ariel (June 14, 1999). Time 100: Che Guevara . Time magazine.
  Dorschner, John and Roberto Fabricio (1980). The Winds of December: The Cuban Revolution of 1958. New York: Coward, McCann & Geoghegen. ISBN 0-698-10993-7.
  Dumur, Jean (interviewer) (1964). L'interview de Che Guevara (Video clip; 9:43).
  Gálvez, William (1999). Che in Africa: Che Guevara's Congo Diary. Melbourne: Ocean Press, 1999. ISBN 1-876175-08-7.
  Gómez Treto, Raúl (Spring 1991). "Thirty Years of Cuban Revolutionary Penal Law". Latin American Perspectives 18(2), Cuban Views on the Revolution. 114-125.

  Gott, Richard (August 11, 2005). "Bolivia on the Day of the Death of Che Guevara". Le Monde diplomatique. Accessed February 26, 2006.
  Grant, Will (October 8, 2007). "CIA man recounts Che Guevara's death". BBC News. Accessed February 29, 2008.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (1995). Motorcycle Diaries. London: Verso Books.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (editor Waters, Mary Alice) (1996). Episodes of the Cuban Revolutionary War 1956–1958. New York: Pathfinder. ISBN 0-87348-824-5.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (1965). "Che Guevara's Farewell Letter".
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (1967a). "English Translation of Complete Text of his Message to the Tricontinental"
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (1967b). "Diario (Bolivia)". Written 1966–1967.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (editors Bonachea, Rolando E. and Nelson P. Valdés; 1969). Che: Selected Works of Ernesto Guevara, Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-52016-8

  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (1972). Pasajes de la guerra revolucionaria.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (translated from the Spanish by Patrick Camiller; 2000). The African Dream. New York: Grove Publishers. ISBN 0-8021-3834-9.
  Guevara, Ernesto "Che" (2005). "Socialism and man in Cuba" (First published March 12, 1965 as "From Algiers, for Marcha. The Cuban Revolution Today"). Che Guevara Reader. (1997). Ocean Press. ISBN 1-875284-93-1
  Guevara Lynch, Ernesto (2000). Aquí va un soldado de América. Barcelona: Plaza y Janés Editores, S.A. ISBN 84-01-01327-5.
  Hall, Kevin (2004). "In Bolivia, Push for Che Tourism Follows Locals' Reverence". Common Dreams. commondreams.org. Accessed November 15, 2008.
  Haney, Rich (2005). Celia Sánchez: The Legend of Cuba's Revolutionary Heart. New York: Algora Pub. ISBN 0-87586-395-7.
  Hari, Johann (October 6, 2007). "Johann Hari: Should Che be an icon? No". The Independent.
  Hart, Joseph (2004). Che: The Life, Death, and Afterlife of a Revolutionary. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press. ISBN 1-56025-519-6.
  Ireland's Own (August 12, 2000). From Cuba to Congo, Dream to Disaster for Che Guevara. Accessed January 11, 2006.

  Kornbluh, Peter (1997). Electronic Briefing Book No. 5. National Security Archive. Accessed March 25, 2007.
  Lacey, Mark (October 26, 2007). "Lone Bidder Buys Strands of Che's Hair at U.S. Auction". New York Times.
  Lacey, Mark (October 9, 2007). "A Revolutionary Icon, and Now, a Bikini". The New York Times.
 Lago, Armando M (September 2005). "". Cuba: the Human Cost of Social Revolution. (Manuscript pending publication.) Summit, New Jersey: Free Society Project.

  Mittleman, James H (1981). Underdevelopment and the Transition to Socialism – Mozambique and Tanzania. New York: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-500660-8
  Moynihan, Michael. "Neutering Sartre at Dagens Nyheter". Stockholm Spectator. Accessed February 26, 2006.
 Murray, Edmundo (November-December 2005). "Guevara, Ernesto [Che] (1928–1967)". Irish Migration Studies in Latin America (www.irlandeses.org).
  Che Guevara, by Frank Niess, Haus Publishers Ltd, 2007, ISBN 1-904341-99-3.
  O'Hagan, Sean (July 11, 2004). "Just a pretty face?". The Guardian. Accessed October 25, 2006.
  Radio Cadena Agramonte, " Ataque al cuartel del Bayamo". Accessed February 25, 2006.

  Ramonez, Ignacio (2007). Translated by Andrew Hurley. Fidel Castro: My Life London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-102626-8

 Rodriguez, Félix I. and John Weisman (1989). Shadow Warrior/the CIA Hero of a Hundred Unknown Battles. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-671-66721-1.
  Ryan, Henry Butterfield (1998). The Fall of Che Guevara: A Story of Soldiers, Spies, and Diplomats. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-511879-0.
  Sanati, Kimia (October 3, 2007). " Islamist, Socialist Revolutions Don't Mix". IPS News. (Reporting from Tehran, Iran). Accessed 13 October, 2010.

  Schipani, Andres (September 23, 2007). "The Final Triumph of Saint Che". The Observer. (Reporting from La Higuera.)
  Selvage, Major Donald R. – USMC (April 1, 1985). Che Guevara in Bolivia. Globalsecurity.org. Accessed January 5, 2006.

  Snow, Anita (October 8, 2007). "Castro Pays Homage to Che Guevara". ABC News.

  Time Magazine (October 12, 1970). " Che: A Myth Embalmed in a Matrix of Ignorance".
  Time Magazine cover story (August 8, 1960). " Castro's Brain".
  U.S. Army (April 28, 1967). Memorandum of Understanding Concerning the Activation, Organization and Training of the 2d Ranger Battalion – Bolivian Army. Accessed June 19, 2006.
  U.S. Department of State. Foreign Relations, Guatemala, 1952–1954. Office of Electronic Information, Bureau of Public Affairs. Accessed February 29, 2008.
  Vargas Llosa, Alvaro (July 11, 2005). "The Killing Machine: Che Guevara, from Communist Firebrand to Capitalist Brand". The Independent Institute. Accessed November 10, 2006.
  "World Combined Sources" (October 2, 2004). " Che Guevara remains a hero to Cubans". People's Weekly World.

බාහිර සබැඳි

 BBC Audio Archive: Profile of Che Guevara
 BBC News - Che Guevara Images:   Set 1, Set 2, Set 3
 Central Intelligence Agency: Reports on Che Guevara
 Che Guevara Internet Archive: Speeches, Images
 Democracy Now: "Life & Legacy of Che Guevara "
 Discovery Channel: Ernesto "Che" Guevara
 Documentary: Che Guevara, The Body & The Legend
 Documentary: El Che Investigating a Legend
 History International: Tracing Che: A Motorcycle Journey
 In Defense of Marxism: 40th Anniversary Part 1 --- Part 2
 Life Magazine Gallery: Che Guevara, Revolutionary Life

 MSNBC Slideshow: "In Cuba, Che Still Sells Revolution"
 National Security Archive: The Death of Che Guevara
 New York Post: Ernesto "Che" Guevara Photo Gallery
 NPR Audio Report: Che Guevara
 NY Times Interactive Gallery: "A Revolutionary Afterlife"
 Slate Magazine: Picture Essay of Che
 Slideshow: Fidel and Che: A Revolutionary Friendship
 State of Nature: Interview on Che with Jon Lee Anderson
 The Guardian: "Making of a Marxist" ~ Che's Early Journals
 The History Channel: The True Story of Che Guevara
 Wall Street Journal Gallery: "The Ubiquitous Che"

න

Guerrilla warfare theorists
Revolution theorists
මාක්ස්වාදය
සමාජවාදය
අධිරාජ්‍ය විරෝධය
නව යටත්විජිතවාදය
National liberation movements
Executed revolutionaries
Guerrillas killed in action
Deaths by firearm in Bolivia
ආජන්ටීනා
University of Buenos Aires alumni

චේ ගුවේරා


عبد الخالق المختار (1 أيار 1960 - 9 شباط 2009)، ممثل مسرحي وتلفزيوني عراقي. حاصل على العديد من الجوائز العراقية والعربية والعديد من الشهادات التقديرية.

بداياته
ولد عبد الخالق المختار في بغداد لعائلة متوسطة الحال في العام 1960 في منطقة الحرية القريبة من الكاظمية، غير متزوج، ووجد نفسه مبكرا مندفعا نحو الفن المسرحي ليكمل دراسته في كلية الفنون الجميلة وحصل على شهادة البكالوريوس في الفنون المسرحية بالتمثيل والإخراج عام 1982. شارك في الحرب العراقية الإيرانية وعاد منها مصاباً في قدمه. حصل لاحقاً على شهادة الماجستير في الفنون المسرحية من ذات الأكاديمية بدرجة جيد جداً وذلك في عام 1989. كان عضوا مؤسسا لفرقة إبراهيم جلال المسرحية، وعضوا في الفرقة القومية للتمثيل، وعمل مدرساً في قسم الفنون المسرحية بمعهد الفنون الجميلة في بغداد في الفترة بين عامي 1991 و 2001، وعمل بعد ذلك رئيساً لفرع التمثيل في المعهد، كما عمل منتجاً منفذاً في حقل الإنتاج التلفزيوني الخاص، إضافة لعمله السابق كمستشار لقناة البغدادية الفضائية.

أعماله

أفلام
 الحب كان هو السبب، إنتاج دائرة السينما والمسرح
 حكاكه، إنتاج قناة السومرية.
 طمع الأشرار

مسلسلات

 ذئاب الليل

 النعمان الأخير
 الهاجس
 القلب في مكان آخر
 المسافر للمخرج فلاح زكي
 الجرح
 مضت مع الريح
 الواهمون
 الدواح
 الهرب إلى الوهم
 الضيف
 عشاق
 كبرياء وهوى
 بركان الغضب
 عربة الخوف
 قضية الدكتور س
 الزمن والغبار
 الحارة الزرقاء
 حب وأحزان
 المقتفي لأمر الله
 قناديل
 الوداع الأخير
 بيت العنكبوت
 الأصمعي
 الطب عند العرب
 قبل النزول
 لو كنت القاضي
 رجل فوق الشبهات
 أشهى الموائد في مدينة القواعد
 أبو جعفر المنصور
 الطوق
 القلم والمحنة
 مناوي باشا الجزء الأول والجزء الثاني
 الإنصاف في مسائل الخلاف
 وراء الأبواب
 الملاذ آمن للمخرج فلاح زكي
 بيت الشمع
 شموع خضر الياس
 المصير القادم
 السرداب
 رياح الماضي
 الباشا
 الرحيل
 الاختطاف
 الحيدر خانه.

مسرحيات
 سليمان الحلبي
 سياسية الفضلات
 زمن الرؤيا
 جزيرة الماعز
 حلم القرون
 اللغبة
 الذيب
 نجمة
 أنتيكونا
 عندما نبعث نحن الموتى
 اصطياد الشمس
 حبيبتي دزدمونة
 احتفالية الممقل
 خمسة أصوات
 الهجرة إلى الحب
 الأحدب
 مواويل باب الآغا
 المتنبي.

في الإخراج
 أخرج مسرحية (الخروج دخولا) للشاعر عبد الحميد الصائح عام 1987 لمهرجان منتدى المسرح السابع.
 تناصف إخراج مسرحية (ماكبث) لشكبير مع المخرج شفيق المهدي من إنتاج الفرقة القومية للتمثيل.

الإذاعة
مثل للدراما الإذاعية مئات الساعات أهمها تجسيد شخصية شاعر العرب الأكبر محمد مهدي الجواهري.

الجوائز
 جائزة تقديرية عن إخراجه مسرحية (الخروج دخولا) للشاعر عبد الحميد الصائح عام 1987.
 جائزة الدولة التشجيعية عام 1996 عن دوره في الفيلم التلفزيوني (الضيف).
 جائزة أفضل ممثل في المسرح العراقي لعام 1997 عن تجسيده شخصية الشاعر العراقي الراحل (حسين مردان) في مسرحيـة (خمسة أصوات).
 جائزة نقابة الفنانين العراقيين / المركز العام عام 1999 عن مجمل أعماله الفنية.
 الجائزة الفضية في مهرجان القاهرة السادس للإذاعة والتلفزيون عام 2000 عن دوره في التمثيلية الإذاعية (الخاتم والحب).
 الجائزة الذهبية لـ(أفضل ممثل) لعام 2000 في مهرجان تلفزيون العراق الثاني عن دوره في مسلسل (مناوي باشا).
 جائزة الدولة للإبداع عام 2001 عن دوره في مسلسل التلفزيوني (مناوي باشا).
 درع الإبداع في مهرجان القاهرة السابع للإذاعة والتلفزيون عام 2001 عن مسيرته الإبداعية.
 قلادة الإبداع من دار القصة العراقية عام 2002 عن دوره في مسلسل (مناوي باشا).
 جائزة الدولة للإبداع عام 2002 عن دوره في المسلسل التلفزيوني (الملاذ آمن).
 جائزة تقديرية في مهرجان المسرح الأردني العاشر عن دوره في مسرحية (الهجرة إلى الحب).
 جائزة الإبداع من قناة الشرقية الفضائية عن دوره في مسلسل ( الباشا ) 2009 .

الشهادات التقديرية
 حصل على العديد من الشهادات والجوائز التقديرية من معهد وكلية الفنون الجميلة ومنتدى المسرح العراقي ونقابة الفنانين والمسرح الشبابي عن مجمل نشاطاته في المسرح والتلفزيون.
 حصل على لقب أفضل ممثل في العديد من الاستفتاءات التي أجرتها الصحف الأسبوعية العراقية والتلفزيون العراقي.
 نشر العديد من المقالات والبحوث في الصحف والمجلات العراقية والعربية عن الاتجاهات الإخراجية في المسرح العراقي والعالمي.

وفاته
بعد صراع طويل مع المرض توفي في 9 شباط/فبراير 2009 عن عمر يناهز 49 في العاصمة السورية دمشق إثر إصابته بفشل كلوي منذ عدة أشهر قبل وفاته رقد على أثره في إحدى المستشفيات السورية. وكانت أمنيته أن يعود للعراق ويدفن هناك.

المراجع

وصلات خارجية

أشخاص من بغداد
مخرجون عراقيون
ممثلون وممثلات عراقيون
مواليد 1379 هـ
مواليد 1960
وفيات 1430 هـ
وفيات 2009
وفيات بسبب الفشل الكلوي
وفيات متعلقة بالمرض في سوريا

عبد الخالق المختار


حزب النداء الديمقراطي المسيحي (بالهولندية:Christen Democratisch Appèl) ويختصر (حزب النداء الديمقراطي المسيحي) هو حزب سياسي في هولندا، تأسس في 11 أكتوبر عام 1980.

مراجع

وصلات خارجية
 الموقع الرسمي (بالهولندية)

أحزاب سياسية أسست في 1980
أحزاب طائفية في هولندا
تأسيسات سنة 1980 في هولندا
منظمات مقرها في لاهاي

حزب النداء الديمقراطي المسيحي


Jean-Emmanuel Depraz
 Jean-Luc Dépraz
 Natalie Depraz
 Xavier Depraz

Autre
Dubois Dépraz, entreprise horlogère suisse

Depraz


(Dutch for "Grand Market"; ) is a common name of a centrally located historic market square in many cities in Belgium and the Netherlands.

 Grote Markt (Antwerp)
 Grote Markt (Brussels), also known as the Grand-Place
 Grote Markt (Haarlem)
 Grote Markt (Kortrijk)
 Grote Markt (Leuven)
 Grote Markt RandstadRail station

See also
 market square
 Markt (Bruges)

Town squares

Grote Markt


Der Mercedes F1 W03 ist der vierte Formel-1-Rennwagen von Mercedes. Er wurde in der Formel-1-Saison 2012 eingesetzt, Motorenlieferant war Mercedes AMG High Performance Powertrains. Am 21. Februar 2012 wurde er auf dem Circuit de Catalunya der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt.

Technik und Entwicklung
Der Mercedes F1 W03 war das Nachfolgemodell des Mercedes MGP W02. Bereits im Mai 2011 wurde mit der Entwicklung durch ein eigens verstärktes Technikteam begonnen. Das Fahrzeug bestand aus 4500 Komponenten – 200 mehr als der W02 – und wies nach Werksangaben dennoch ein niedrigeres "Kerngewicht" auf. Im Vergleich zum Vorgängermodell besaß das Auto "Höcker" im Bereich der Vorderradaufhängung, der Radstand wurde vergrößert, die schlanken Seitenkästen wurden nach innen gezogen und der obere Radträger der Hinterradaufhängung ragten weit nach vorne. Reglementsbedingt wurden auch die Auspuffendrohre modifiziert. Sie schlossen fast bündig mit der Motorabdeckung ab. Der Mercedes F1 W03 wurde unter der Leitung des Technischen Direktors Bob Bell gebaut. Loïc Bigois war der Chefdesigner. Aldo Costa verantwortete die mechanischen Komponenten und Geoff Willis die Aerodynamik sowie Fahrdynamik.

Das Getriebe war eine Eigenkonstruktion, der Motor, ein 2,4-Liter-V8-Motor, und das KERS stammten von Mercedes AMG HPP. Die Reifen wurden wie bei allen anderen Teams auch von Pirelli bereitgestellt.

Der Wagen verfügte über einen sogenannten passiven F-Schacht für die Fahrzeugfront, bzw. Doppel-DRS (DDRS), bei dem durch das Betätigen des DRS-Knopfes am Lenkrad ein Kanal am Heckflügel geöffnet wurde, der Luft nach vorne und unter den Frontflügel leitete. Hierdurch wurde ein Strömungsabriss erzeugt, der den Luftwiderstand des Fahrzeugs reduzierte und somit eine höhere Geschwindigkeit ermöglichte. Außerdem verbesserte sich so die Balance des Autos, was Vorteile in schnellen Kurven brachte, da hier im Training ebenfalls mit aktiviertem DRS gefahren werden konnte. Vor dem Saisonauftakt, dem Großen Preis von Australien, wurde das System bei der technischen Abnahme von den Rennkommissaren als legal erklärt. Die Teams von Red Bull und Lotus kündigten Protest gegen diese Bewertung an, da sie das System für nicht reglement-konform hielten. Sowohl Lotus als auch Red Bull verzichteten nach dem Rennen auf einen Protest gegen das Rennergebnis, bei dem kein Mercedes Punkte erreichte. Stattdessen legte Lotus erst vor dem Großen Preis von China formellen Protest gegen die Entscheidung der Rennkommissare ein, die das System auch für dieses Rennen als legal einzustufen. Nach einer Anhörung, bei der die Rennkommissare und Jo Bauer, technischer Delegierter der FIA bei den Rennen, die Entscheidung begründeten, verzichtete Lotus darauf, das Internationale Berufungsgericht der FIA, die letzte Instanz in Fragen der Regelauslegung, einzuschalten.

Lackierung und Sponsoring
Der Mercedes F1 W03 war überwiegend silbern lackiert. Die Seitenkästen sowie Teile des Front- und Heckflügels waren wegen des Hauptsponsors Petronas cyanfarben lackiert. Neben den Anteilseignern Daimler AG (mit der Marke Mercedes-Benz) und Aabar Investments waren Allianz, Deutsche Post, Isofotón, MIG Bank, Monster Energy, Pirelli, Puma, Standox und Thomas Sabo Sponsoren des Teams.

Fahrer
Der Rennstall hielt an der Fahrerpaarung Michael Schumacher und Nico Rosberg fest.

Saison 2012
Beim Großen Preis von China gewann mit Rosberg zum ersten Mal seit 1955 ein Mercedes-Pilot ein Formel-1-Rennen.

Ergebnisse

Galerie

Weblinks

 Mercedes F1 W03. In: mercedesamgf1.com
 Mercedes F1 W03. In: f1technical.net (englisch)
 Mercedes F1 W03. In: conceptcarz.com (englisch)
 Mercedes F1 W03. In: statsf1.com

Einzelnachweise

W03
Rennwagen der Formel-1-Weltmeisterschaft 2012

Mercedes F1 W03


අනුලා බිසව සිහසුන හා රජ මන්දිරය කිළුවට පත් කරද්දී මහ සිළු මහ තිස් රජුගේ පුත් කූට්කණ්ණ තිස්ස හෙවත් මකලන්තිස්ස මහ රජු බලසේනා රැගෙන විත් ඇය මරා දමා සිහසුන ගත්තේ බු.ව.500 දීය මුල් අවධියේ දී අනුලා රැජිනට බියෙන් පැවදි වෙස් ගෙන සැග වී සිටි කුටිකණ්ණ තිස්සට පසුව ජනතා සහයෝගය ලැබෙන්නට ඇතුවාට සැක නැති බැව් ඉතිහාසඥයෝ විශ්වාස කරති රජ පවුලේ අර්බුද නිසා කුටිකණ්ණ තිස්සට සැඟ වී සිටින්නට සිදු විය

කෙසේ වුවත් කුටිකණ්ණ තිස්ස මහ සිළු මහ තිස් රජුගේ කණිටු පුතණුවන් විය ඔහුගේ දෙටු පුත් වූයේ කුඩා තිස්ස කුමාරයාය කුටකණ්ණ තිස්ස කුමාරයාද කලක් රුහුණේ පාලකයා වශයෙන් කටයුතු කළ බවටද රුහුණේ සෙල්ලිපි තොරතුරු සාක්ධි දරණ බැව් වාචාරකයෝ සදහන් කරති

කූටිකණ්ණ තිස්සගේ රාජ්‍ය සමය සාමකාමී අවධියක් වශයෙන් ඉතිහාස ගත් වී ඇති අතර මුළු දිවයින තුළම ඔහුගේ ආඥා චක්‍රය පිළිගෙන තිබුණි ශාසනික සේවා හා ආගමික ගොඩනැගිලි ඉදිවීමද මේ රජුගේ කාලයේ සිදුවූ තවත් සේවාවක්

සෑගිරියේ උපෝෂතාගාරයක් හා ශිලාථූපය කරවීම මිහින්තලයේ බෝධියක් රෝපණය කරවීම ඔහු වැව් දෙකක් හා මහ ඇළක් තැන වූ බවද සදහන්ය කෙසේ වුවත් මහවැලි ගංගාව ආශ්‍රිතව වාරිකර්මාන්ත සුළු වශයෙන් හෝ මුලින්ම ආරම්භ කරන ලද්දේ මේ රජු විසින් බැව් කියවේ

තවද වළගම්බා රජ යුගයේ ඇති වූ ආක්‍රමණ වලින් ප්‍රවේශම් වීම පිණිස අනුරාධපුර නුවර වටා ප්‍රාකාරය සත් රියන් උස් කොට බැදවීය නගරය දර්ශනීය තත්ත්වයෙන් පවත්වා ගෙන ගියේය එසේම රජ ප්‍රදේශයක් වශයෙන් කැපී පෙනුන බවත් එහි ප්‍රධාන නගරය පඩුවස්නුවර බවත් කියවේ

මේ රජු වර්ෂ විසි දෙකක පමණ කාලයක් රාජ්‍ය පාලනය ගෙන ගිය බවත් සාමකාමී අවධියක් වූ ඔහුගේ පාලනය බු.ව.522 දී අවසන් වූයේය

කුටිකණ්ණ තිස්ස


Crank Yankers is an American adult puppet television show produced by Adam Carolla, Jimmy Kimmel and Daniel Kellison. It features actual crank calls made by show regulars and celebrity guests, while re-enacted onscreen by puppets for a visual aid that shows the viewer what is happening in the call. The show premiered on June 2, 2002, on Comedy Central. It returned to MTV2 on February 9, 2007, running again until March 30, 2007.

On February 11, 2019, Jimmy Kimmel announced on Jimmy Kimmel Live! that the show would be revived on Comedy Central for a fifth 20-episode season and mark the first project on Kimmel's new Kimmelot production imprint. The new season includes pranks on social media and other platforms. Kimmel's brother Jonathan Kimmel serves as the showrunner and executive producer. The fifth season premiered on September 25, 2019.

On March 5, 2020, Comedy Central announced Crank Yankers had been renewed for a 20-episode sixth season. The sixth season premiered on May 5, 2021.

Behind the scenes
The performers are given a basic outline of a premise by the writers, and call telephone numbers from a list of selected targets (known as "marks"). Using the basic premises, the performers improvise most of their lines, playing off of the responses of their marks, with the intention to keep them on the phone as long as possible.

With the exception of a few outside sources (including previous material from Jim Florentine and the Touch-Tone Terrorists), all the calls are made from Nevada. The Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 makes it illegal in eleven states to record telephone calls without both parties' consent. Under Nevada law, only one of the parties has to give consent (i.e., the caller), so prank calls can be recorded without the consent of the prank victims. One result of this was the series' schedule of creating and airing new episodes was fairly sporadic due to most of the celebrities living in Los Angeles, having Los Angeles-based jobs, and so were only periodically able to go to Las Vegas to make calls. Carolla, for example, took his radio program to Las Vegas once or twice a year, and while there would record new calls for the program.

The puppet designs were drawn by artist Todd James before being constructed based on the various marks' voices, and, along with a series of stock characters (such as "Niles Standish", "Bobby Fletcher" and "Special Ed") based on the performers' character voices, the calls are re-enacted for the skits.

The main character puppets for the first season were constructed by Bob Flanagan's company Den Design with additional puppets built by BJ Guyer, Carol Binion, Rick Lyon, Ron Binion, Jim Kroupa and Artie Esposito. An in-house puppet shop was set up for the following seasons to accommodate the fast-paced schedule of the show and the sheer volume of puppet characters required for each episode.

The puppets are puppeteered by Ron Binion, Rick Lyon, BJ Guyer, Victor Yerrid, Paul McGinnis, Alice Dinnean, Peter Linz, Tyler Bunch, Drew Massey, Robin Walsh, Marc Petrosino, Artie Esposito, Julianne Buescher, Noel MacNeal, Donna Kimball & Andy Hayward and other puppeteers.

Originally, the show was titled Prank Puppets; it was renamed after Comedy Central lawyers deemed that it implied malice.

Regular characters
 Karl Malone (voiced by Jimmy Kimmel): Kimmel's impression of then-NBA star Karl Malone. He regularly refers to himself in the third-person. "Don't hang up on Karl Malone."
 Gladys Murphy (voiced by Wanda Sykes): A boisterous black woman who makes embarrassing announcements, generally of a scatological or sexual nature. Her many children do things like gluing her buttocks to the toilet and stealing money from a malfunctioning bank machine.
 Niles Standish (voiced by Tony Barbieri): The British Earl of Yankerville, a rich and eccentric middle-aged pervert with homosexual tendencies. He frequently calls various services and asks for their price, then orders them to "double it" (Once even confusing someone by telling them to "cut it in half, and double it!"). He has an assistant named Cavendish.
 Giles Standish (voiced by Tony Barbieri): Niles' deformed twin brother.
 Special Ed (voiced by Jim Florentine): Bobby Fletcher's mentally challenged younger cousin who constantly repeats himself, makes random comments and shouts his catchphrase "Yay!" until the prank-victim gets frustrated. He makes a cameo in one of Bobby's prank calls, "Let Me Put My Brother on the Phone". In two prank calls of his own (one to a movie theater and one to a video store), Ed reveals that his favorite film is Air Bud. In the video-store call, he works in several references to The Shining. Ed is not present in the 2019 revival due to the character being deemed too offensive for modern audiences.
 Dick Birchum (voiced by Adam Carolla): A psychotic Vietnam War veteran whose hobbies include carpentry, Shotokan karate, spying on women in their beds or bathrooms by drilling holes or a hidden camera, and gun ownership. He has a 600-pound wife, a large 8-year-old son, and conjoined twin daughters. He lost part of his right leg in the war and 3 right-hand fingers in a carpentry accident. He frequently refers to his time in Vietnam and "smoking hash out of a human skull".
 Jimmy (voiced by Jimmy Kimmel): A Kimmel-based grown man who lives with his mother. He also has two young children who swear and play juvenile pranks.
 Bobby Fletcher (voiced by Jim Florentine): Ed's stoner underachieving older cousin. He is known to belch uncontrollably into the phone, which he uses to his advantage in order to annoy the victims of his prank calls.
 Elmer Higgins (voiced by Jimmy Kimmel): A crabby, elderly man (based on Kimmel's grandfather). He makes complaint calls and frequently goes off on unrelated, long-winded tangents about his younger days and various irrelevant subjects. He sometimes mentions his brother Charlie, as well as his gay grandson, Terrence Catheter.
 Helen Higgins (voiced by Susie Essman): Elmer's beautiful wife of over 60 years, she is an elderly woman who likes to proposition young men. Her son gave her a pet parrot who is well-versed in profanity. In a late-in-the-series sketch about Elmer wanting driving lessons, he mentions that she has died.
 Landalious "The Truth" Truefeld (voiced by David Alan Grier): A former football player who likes to rap.
 Spoonie Luv (voiced by Tracy Morgan): A smooth-talking African American hip hop-type character who makes lewd and suggestive comments. He often refers to himself as "Spoonie Luv from Up Above". In one particularly noteworthy prank call, he attempts to sell a video store tapes of himself masturbating.
 Hadassah Guberman (voiced by Sarah Silverman): A Jewish female college student who works various part-time jobs, including conducting surveys for O magazine. She frequently asks intrusive questions and makes veiled passive-aggressive insults. Her sexuality and sanity seem highly questionable.
 Terrence Catheter (voiced by Jimmy Kimmel): Elmer Higgins' grandson is an effeminate redhead who acts as spokesperson for various celebrities, such as Tom Cruise, Bill Cosby, Jared Fogle, J.K. Rowling, Mr. T and the Olsen twins. He calls various places of business to book appearances and asks them to comply with the celebrities' ridiculous demands.
 Tony Deloge (voiced by Bob Einstein): A loud-mouthed, fast-paced politician who calls random people to pander for votes as "district selectman". He occasionally tries to use his political power to get things for free.
 Cammie Smith (voiced by Lisa Arch): A nymphomaniac, she is a somewhat conceited, condescending 23-year-old exotic dancer.
 Boomer and the Nudge (voiced by Jimmy Kimmel and Patton Oswalt): Two obnoxious morning-radio disc jockeys who call people to make "on-air dares".
 Junkyard Willie (voiced by the Touch-Tone Terrorists): An obstructionist in the form of a gravelly-voiced black man who is actually an import from the Touch-Tone Terrorists where he is a regular character. He appears in two sketches as a supervisor at YPS ("Yankerville Package Service").
 Jim Bob the Handicapped Hillbilly (voiced by the Touch-Tone Terrorists): A mentally disabled hillbilly who works with Junkyard Willie at YPS.
 Sav Macauley (voiced by Dane Cook): The overly enthusiastic host of a phone game show, "The Phone Zone", where he calls people and asks ridiculous random trivia questions for cash prizes and interjects his own sound effects.
 OCD Ken (voiced by Kevin Nealon): An accountant with obsessive-compulsive disorder who prefers cleanliness and even numbers. He often requests people to press the pound key as part of his disorder.
 Danny (voiced by David Alan Grier): A man who repeatedly gets nervous or disgusted causing him to vomit over the phone. The vomit is depicted as an Exorcist-like liquid shooting out of the puppet's throat. On the show, there is also a minor story arc of Danny marrying a Jewish woman.
 Chip Douglas (voiced by Fred Armisen): A Mexican immigrant who is perpetually building a house with minimal supplies and poor command of the English language. He makes two prank calls to newspaper offices, one to attempt to sell cartoons and the other (a prank call in Spanish) to inform a Spanish-language newspaper that he has not received that day's edition.
 Katie (voiced by Katie Kimmel): Kimmel's then-12-year-old daughter made occasional appearances from 2003, initially with a few short lines but later making entire crank calls herself (notably pretending to be a drunken 9-year-old trying to order alcohol by phone).
 Kevin (voiced by Kevin Kimmel): Kimmel's then-10-year-old son made occasional appearances from 2003, including as Elmer Higgins' great-grandson.
 Foreign Guy (voiced by Dane Cook): A nameless immigrant who calls various places looking for assistance or to purchase something.
 Gene Winterbuck (voiced by Dane Cook): A paraplegic young man, who calls libraries requesting books with titles referring to disabilities in an offensive manner, such as "Johnny NoodleLegs".
 Lou Vilman (voiced by Kevin Nealon): An easily impressed guy who responds "Wow!" to everything.
 Dick Rogers (voiced by Seth MacFarlane): He will often call to complain about issues that would make someone from the 1940s uncomfortable, such as being hit on by men at a gay bar or getting a haircut from a female hairdresser. He also calls the YMCA for help with his alcohol problem.
 The Concierge (voiced by Tony Barbieri): A hotel concierge who calls guests informing them of issues with their room or the building and offering them little compensation, or otherwise inconveniencing their stay.

Spinoff
In 2011, there was a pilot for a traditionally-animated spinoff called The Birchums featuring Dick Birchum as the main character. He was redesigned to look younger and had a mustache. The pilot was made for FOX, but was not picked up as a series.

Notable performers

The voices of the characters have been provided by:

Chief artists working for the show include:

Episodes

Season 1 (2002)

Season 2 (2003–04)

Season 3 (2004–05)

Season 4 (2007)

Season 5 (2019–20)

Season 6 (2021–22)

DVD releases

There are currently no plans for a DVD release for seasons 3 & 4, aka the MTV2 season of Crank Yankers.

CD releases
The Best Uncensored Crank Calls, Volume 1 (2002)
The Best Uncensored Crank Calls, Volume 2 (2002)
The Best Uncensored Crank Calls, Volume 3 (2003)

References

External links
 from Comedy Central

2002 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
2019 American television series debuts
2000s American sketch comedy television series
2010s American sketch comedy television series
2020s American sketch comedy television series
American television shows featuring puppetry
American television series revived after cancellation
Comedy Central original programming
MTV2 original programming
Prank calling
2000s American black comedy television series
2010s American black comedy television series
2020s American black comedy television series
Television series by ITV Studios

Crank Yankers


Arthur Christopher Benson, conocido como A. C. Benson, (24 de abril de 1862-17 de junio de 1925) fue un ensayista y poeta inglés y el vigesimoctavo director del Magdalene College de Cambridge.

Biografía
Arthur Christopher Benson nació el 24 de abril de 1862. Fue uno de los seis hijos de Edward White Benson (arzobispo de Canterbury, 1882-1896) y su esposa Mary, hermana del filósofo Henry Sidgwick. Entre sus hermanos se encontraban Robert Hugh Benson y E. F. Benson. La familia de Benson fue excepcionalmente culta y dotada, pero su historia fue algo trágica. Un hijo y una hija murieron jóvenes, y otra hija, así como el propio Arthur, sufrieron mucho debido a su condición mental que probablemente era una psicosis maníaco-depresiva, que habían heredado de su padre. Ninguno de los niños se casó nunca. Arthur era homosexual, aunque sus diarios sugieren que tenía escasas o nulas relaciones sexuales.

A pesar de su enfermedad, Arthur fue un distinguido académico y un autor prolífico. Fue educado en el Colegio Eton y el Kings College de Cambridge. De 1885 a 1903, impartió clases en Eton y regresó a Cambridge a dar una conferencia de literatura inglesa para el Magdalene College. De 1915 a 1925, fue director en este último. A partir de 1906, fue el gobernador de la Escuela Gresham.

Un miembro de la Royal Society of Literature fundó en 1916 la Medalla Benson, que se concedería en el «respeto a obras meritorias en la poesía, ficción, historia y bellas letras».

Falleció el 17 de junio de 1925 y está enterrado en el cementerio de la Parroquia de la Ascensión en Cambridge.

Obras
Sus poemas y volúmenes de ensayos, tales como From a College Window, fueron famosos en su época; y permanece como uno de los diarios más largos jamás escritos, con alrededor de cuatro millones de palabras. Hoy es más recordado por ser el autor de la letra de la canción patriótica inglesa «Land of Hope and Glory», cuya música compuso Edward Elgar, y por ser el hermano del novelista E. F. Benson.

Referencias

Bibliografía

Enlaces externos
Essays by Arthur Benson en Quotidiana.org (en inglés)

Poetas de Inglaterra del siglo XIX
Ensayistas del Reino Unido del siglo XIX
Diaristas del Reino Unido
Alumnado del King's College (Cambridge)
Alumnado del Magdalene College (Cambridge)
Autobiógrafos de Inglaterra
Ensayistas de Inglaterra

Arthur Christopher Benson


Poeae, tribus trava u potporodici Pooideae podijeljen na 35 podtribusa. Jedini je u nadtribusu Poodae

Podtribusi

Tribus Poeae R. Br.
 Subtribus Anthoxanthinae A. Gray
 Hierochloe R. Br. (39 spp.)
 Anthoxanthum L. (13 spp.)
 Subtribus Hypseochloinae Röser & Tkach
 Hypseochloa C. E. Hubb. (2 spp.)
 Subtribus Koeleriinae Asch. & Graebn.
 Acrospelion Besser ex Roem. & Schult. (8 spp.)
 Trisetum Pers. (3 spp.)
 Graphephorum Desv. (4 spp.)
 Trisetum s. lat. (18 spp.)
 xTrisetokoeleria Tzvelev (0 sp.)
 Rostraria Trin. (14 spp.)
 Avellinia Parl. (2 spp.)
 Trisetaria Forssk. (15 spp.)
 Gaudinia P. Beauv. (4 spp.)
 Koeleria Pers. (78 spp.)
 Sibirotrisetum Barberá, Soreng, Romasch., Quintanar & P. M. Peterson (6 spp.)
 Limnodea L. H. Dewey ex Coult. (1 sp.)
 Sphenopholis Scribn. (6 spp.)
 Peyritschia E. Fourn. ex Benth. & Hook. f. (31 spp.)
 Greeneochloa P. M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá (2 spp.)
 Cinnagrostis Griseb. (62 spp.)
 Trisetopsis Röser & A. Wölk (28 spp.)
 Subtribus Phalaridinae Fr.
 Phalaris L. (20 spp.)
 Subtribus Torreyochloinae Soreng & J. I. Davis
 Amphibromus Nees (12 spp.)
 Torreyochloa Church (5 spp.)
 Subtribus Brizinae Tzvelev
 Airopsis Desv. (1 sp.)
 Briza L. (3 spp.)
 Subtribus Echinopogoninae Soreng
 Ancistragrostis S. T. Blake (1 sp.)
 Dichelachne Endl. (7 spp.)
 Echinopogon P. Beauv. (7 spp.)
 Pentapogon R. Br. (7 spp.)
 Relchela Steud. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Agrostidinae Fr.
 Agrostula P. M. Peterson, Romasch., Soreng & Sylvester (1 sp.)
 Calamagrostis Adans. (135 spp.)
 Gastridium P. Beauv. (3 spp.)
 Triplachne Link (1 sp.)
 Podagrostis (Griseb.) Scribn. & Merr. (11 spp.)
 Agrostis L. (189 spp.)
 xAgropogon P. E. Fourn. (0 sp.)
 Polypogon Desf. (22 spp.)
 Lachnagrostis Trin. (40 spp.)
 Deyeuxia Clarion (63 spp.)
 Bromidium Nees & Meyen (5 spp.)
 Subtribus Paramochloinae L. N. Silva & Saarela
 Paramochloa P. M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá (2 spp.)
 Laegaardia P. M. Peterson, Soreng, Romasch. & Barberá (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Calothecinae Soreng
 Lombardochloa Roseng. & B. R. Arrill. (1 sp.)
 Trisetum p. p. (2 spp.)
 Poidium Nees (9 spp.)
 Erianthecium Parodi (1 sp.)
 Calotheca Spreng. (1 sp.)
 Microbriza Parodi ex Nicora & Rúgolo (1 sp.)
 Rosengurttia L. N. Silva (1 sp.)
 Rhombolytrum Link (3 spp.)
 Boldrinia L. N. Silva (1 sp.)
 Chascolytrum Desv. (6 spp.)
 Subtribus Aveninae J. Presl
 Avena L. (24 spp.)
 Arrhenatherum P. Beauv. (7 spp.)
 Tricholemma (Röser) Röser (2 spp.)
 Helictotrichon Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f. (29 spp.)
 xTrisetopsotrichon Röser & A. Wölk (0 sp.)
 Lagurus L. (1 sp.)
 Tzveleviochloa Röser & A. Wölk (5 spp.)
 Subtribus Airinae Fr.
 Aira L. (11 spp.)
 Avenella (Bluff & Fingerh.) Drejer (1 sp.)
 Corynephorus P. Beauv. (5 spp.)
 Periballia Trin. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Holcinae Dumort.
 Holcus L. (12 spp.)
 Vahlodea Fr. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Sesleriinae Parl.
 Sesleriella Deyl (1 sp.)
 Oreochloa Link (4 spp.)
 Mibora Adans. (2 spp.)
 Psilathera Link (1 sp.)
 Sesleria Scop. (29 spp.)
 Echinaria Desf. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Scolochloinae Tzvelev
 Scolochloa Link (2 spp.)
 Dryopoa Vickery (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Antinoriinae Röser & Tkach
 Antinoria Parl. (2 spp.)
 Subtribus Loliinae Dumort.
 Leucopoa Griseb. (14 spp.)
 Drymochloa Holub (6 spp.)
 Castellia Tineo (1 sp.)
 Festuca Tourn. ex L. (638 spp.)
 xFestulolium Asch. & Graebn. (0 sp.)
 Lolium L. (28 spp.)
 Locajonoa Soreng (1 sp.)
 Pseudobromus K. Schum. (6 spp.)
 Subtribus Dactylidinae Stapf
 Dactylis L. (4 spp.)
 Lamarckia Moench (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Ammochloinae Tzvelev
 Ammochloa Boiss. (3 spp.)
 Subtribus Cynosurinae Fr.
 Cynosurus L. (10 spp.)
 Subtribus Parapholiinae Caro
 Sphenopus Trin. (2 spp.)
 Agropyropsis (Batt. & Trab.) A. Camus (1 sp.)
 Cutandia Willk. (6 spp.)
 Catapodium Link (6 spp.)
 Desmazeria Dumort. (4 spp.)
 Parapholis C. E. Hubb. (7 spp.)
 Vulpiella (Batt. & Trab.) Burollet (2 spp.)
 Subtribus Aristaveninae F. Albers & Butzin
 Deschampsia P. Beauv. (69 spp.)
 Subtribus Helictochloinae Röser & Tkach
 Helictochloa Romero Zarco (25 spp.)
 Molineriella Rouy (3 spp.)
 Subtribus Coleanthinae Rchb.
 Catabrosa P. Beauv. (6 spp.)
 xCatanellia L. J. Gillespie & Soreng (0 sp.)
 Hyalopodium Röser & Tkach (2 spp.)
 Catabrosella (Tzvelev) Tzvelev (7 spp.)
 Hyalopoa (Tzvelev) Tzvelev (6 spp.)
 Arctohyalopoa Röser & Tkach (4 spp.)
 Paracolpodium (Tzvelev) Tzvelev (5 spp.)
 Coleanthus Seidel (1 sp.)
 Phippsia (Trin.) R. Br. (3 spp.)
 xPucciphippsia Tzvelev (0 sp.)
 Puccinellia Parl. (131 spp.)
 Sclerochloa P. Beauv. (2 spp.)
 Colpodium Trin. (8 spp.)
 Subtribus Avenulinae Röser & Tkach
 Avenula (Dumort.) Dumort. (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Miliinae Dumort.
 Milium L. (7 spp.)
 Subtribus Phleinae Dumort.
 Phleum L. (17 spp.)
 Subtribus Poinae Dumort.
 Poa L. (587 spp.)
 Oreopoa H. Scholz & Parolly (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Incertae sedis
 Arctopoa (Griseb.) Prob. (7 spp.)
 xDupontopoa Prob. (0 sp.)
 Subtribus Incertae sedis
 Agrostopoa Davidse, Soreng & P. M. Peterson (3 spp.)
 Subtribus Cinninae Caruel
 Cyathopus Stapf (1 sp.)
 Cinna L. (3 spp.)
 Simplicia Kirk (3 spp.)
 Cinnastrum E. Fourn. (1 sp.)
 Aniselytron Merr. (5 spp.)
 Subtribus Hookerochloinae Soreng & L. J. Gillespie
 Saxipoa Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs (1 sp.)
 Hookerochloa E. B. Alexeev (2 spp.)
 Sylvipoa Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & S. W. L. Jacobs (1 sp.)
 Nicoraepoa Soreng & L. J. Gillespie (7 spp.)
 Arctagrostis Griseb. (2 spp.)
 Subtribus Beckmanninae Nevski
 Beckmannia Host (2 spp.)
 Pholiurus Trin. (1 sp.)
 Pseudophleum Dogan (2 spp.)
 Rhizocephalus Boiss. (1 sp.)
 Brizochloinae Röser & Tkach ( sp.)
 Brizochloa Jirasek & Chrtek (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Dupontiinae Soreng & L. J. Gillespie
 Dupontia R. Br. (3 spp.)
 xDuarctopoa Soreng & L. J. Gillespie (0 sp.)
 Dupontiopsis Soreng, L. J. Gillespie & Koba (1 sp.)
 Subtribus Alopecurinae Dumort.
 Alopecurus L. (43 spp.)
 Cornucopiae L. (2 spp.)
 Limnas Trin. (3 spp.)
 Subtribus Ventenatinae Holub ex L. J. Gillespie, Cabi & Soreng
 Apera Adans. (5 spp.)
 Bellardiochloa Chiov. (6 spp.)
 Nephelochloa Boiss. (1 sp.)
 Ventenata Koeler (4 spp.)
 Parvotrisetum Chrtek (1 sp.)
 Gaudiniopsis (Boiss.) Eig (5 spp.)

Izvori

Pooideae

Poeae


Tesoro de Cuentos Clásicos fue una revista de historietas publicada por SEA/Editorial Novaro desde 1957. Constó de 211 números ordinarios y 8 extraordinarios.

Creación y trayectoria editorial
Tesoro de Cuentos Clásicos forma parte de una primera hornada de cómics de producción autóctona y finalidad didáctica con las que Novaro vino a completar el resto de sus colecciones, compuestas mayormente de traducciones de material estadounidense de evasión: Vidas Ejemplares (1954), Vidas Ilustres (1956), Leyendas de América (1956), Aventuras de la vida real (1957), Epopeya (1958) y Lectura para Todos (1959).

Contenido
Tesoro de Cuentos Clásicos presenta leyendas de todo el mundo, como luego haría también la colección Joyas de la Mitología (1963). Sus historietas procedían al principio de la compañía estadounidense Dell Comics, pero pasaron pronto a ser realizadas por autores mexicanos.

En su número 106 debutó Fantomás, la amenaza elegante, con dibujos de Rubén Lara y Romero, que tuvo tanto éxito que al poco contó con su propia revista.

Referencias

Bibliografía

 MOLINÉ, Alfons (2007). Novaro (el globo infinito). Madrid: Ediciones Sinsentido (Colección Sinpalabras). Depósito legal M. 15.155-2007 ISBN 978-84-96772-20-0
 GARD, Jorge (2016) Cuando Bruce Wayne se llamaba Bruno Díaz. Diábolo Ediciones. Depósito Legal: M-35988-2016 ISBN 978-84-16217-89-2

Enlaces externos
Una vista a los Comics Culturales de Novaro, Kingdom Comics

Revistas de historieta de México
Revistas en español
Historieta didáctica

Tesoro de Cuentos Clásicos (Editorial Novaro)


Foo fighter, naziv za neidentificirane zračne fenomene (NLP) ili NLO, koji su bili prijavljivali ratni piloti za vrijeme Drugog svjetskog rata, najčešće u Europi i na pacifičkom bojištu. Iz izvještaja se može pretpostaviti da se nije nužno radilo o materijalnim objektima, već prije o svjetlosnim kuglama, koje su odašiljale i mijenjale boje. Moguća objašnjenja za takve pojave su neka vrste vatre sv. Ilije, elektromagentski fenomen ili svjetlosna refleksija.

Etimologija

Isprva se takve neobjašnjive svjetleće pojave na nebu nazivalo kraut-fighters ili kraut-balls, jer se pretpostavljalo da je riječ o nekakvoj naprednoj njemačkoj vojnoj tehnologiji. Međutim, jedan je američki pilot, 1944. godine, parafrazirao riječ iz stripa "Smokey Stover", rekavši "Where there's foo, there's fire!" i tako je nastao izraz foo-fighter. Iako se prvotno, samo taj određeni oblik NLO-a, odnosno NLP-a nazivao foo fighterom, nakon završetka rata se sve takve neobjašnjive pojave na nebu počelo nazivati tim imenom. Prema većinskom mišljenju, prvi je taj naziv upotrijebio Donald J. Meiers, radarski operater 415-og noćnog napadačke eskadre.

Povijest viđenja tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata

Američki i britanski vojni piloti počeli su tijekom 1943. i 1944. godine sve češće viđati čudne leteće objekte koji su letjeli usporedo sa zrakoplovima i postizali nevjerojatna ubrzanja. Opisivani su kao svjetleće lopte ili skupine takvi lopti s crvenim ili zelenim svjetlima, veličine nekoliko desetaka centimetara u promjeru ili kao grupe malih diskova. Mijenjale su boje od narančaste do crvene i bijele pa zatim opet do narančaste. Prema informacijama, jedan je pilot zrakoplova P-47 vidio leteći iznad njemačkog grada Neustadta "loptu zlatne boje s metalnim krajevima", dok je drugi pilot, istog dana, vidio kraj istog grada "fosforescentnu zlatnu sferu" promjera metar do metar i pol. S druge strane, posada zrakoplova B-29 nad Japanom izvjestila je o viđenju lopti koje su lebdjele oko zrakoplova i mijenjale boju od crvene do narančaste pa do bijele.

Najviše prijava o viđenju foo fightera dogodila se za vrijeme velikih bombardiranja Njemačke, kada su viđani i s tla, a ne samo iz zraka. Zanimljivo je da su saveznički piloti vjerovali kako se radi o tajnom njemačkom eksperimentalnom naoružanju, s kojim nacisti pokušavaju unijeti pomutnju u savezničke redove, dok su njemačke i japanske vojne snage također vjerovale kako se radi o tajnom savezničkom oružju. Osim foo fightera, obje zaraćene strane zabilježile su i viđenja većih letjelica u obliku cigarete, diska ili sfere.

Bilješke

Literatura

 Mišak, Krešimir, Svjetla na nebu, Kronologija istraživanja NLO-a, SysPrint, Zagreb, 2010. ISBN 978-953-232-313-9

Vanjske poveznice

 Tajanstveni NLO-i koje su vidjeli piloti, još su neobjašnjivi - history.com
 Što su bili tajanstveni foo fighteri viđeni od strane noćnih pilota u Drugom svjetskom ratu? - airspacemag.com

Ufologija
Misterije
Drugi svjetski rat

Foo fighter


El municipio de Singuilucan es uno de los ochenta y cuatro municipios que conforman el estado de Hidalgo en México. La cabecera municipal y localidad más poblada es Singuilucan.

El municipio se localiza al sureste del territorio hidalguense entre los paralelos 19° 52' y 20° 08' de latitud norte; los meridianos 98° 21' y 98° 38' de longitud oeste; con una altitud entre 2400 y 3100  Este municipio cuenta con una superficie de 420.22 km², y representa el 2.02 % de la superficie del estado; dentro de la región geográfica denominada como los Llanos de Apan y algunas secciones al Valle de Tulancingo y la Comarca Minera.

Colinda al norte con los municipios de Omitlán de Juárez, Huasca de Ocampo, Acatlán, Tulancingo de Bravo y Santiago Tulantepec de Lugo Guerrero; al este con los municipios de Santiago Tulantepec de Lugo Guerrero y Cuautepec de Hinojosa; al sur con los municipios de Tepeapulco, Tlanalapa y Zempoala; al oeste con los municipios de Zempoala y Epazoyucan.

Toponimia

El nombre Singuilucan proviene del náhuatl Tzoquitl 'lodo', yutl 'los que pertenecen' y can 'lugar', por lo que su significado sería: 'Lugar de mucho lodo'.

Geografía

Relieve e hidrográfica

En cuanto a fisiografía se encuentra dentro de las provincias del Eje Neovolcánico; dentro de la subprovincia Lagos y Volcanes de Anáhuac (81.0%) y Llanuras y Sierras de Querétaro e Hidalgo (19.0%). Su territorio es lomerío (50.0%), llanura (31.0%) y sierra (19.0%).

En cuanto a su geología corresponde al periodo neógeno (86.0%) y cuaternario (13.47%). Con rocas tipo ígnea extrusiva: basalto (57.0%), toba ácida (19.0%), andesita (7.0%), brecha volcánica básica (4.0%) y toba ácida-brecha volcánica ácida (3.0%); suelo: aluvial (9.47%). En cuanto a cuanto a edafología el suelo dominante es phaeozem (55.47%), umbrisol (24.0%), luvisol (8.0%), regosol (5.0%), vertisol (4.0%) y leptosol (3.0%).

En lo que respecta a la hidrología se encuentra posicionado en la región hidrológica del Pánuco; en las cuencas del río Moctezuma; dentro de las subcuenca del río Metztitlán (44.0%), río Tezontepec (43.0%) y lgunas de Tochac y Tecocomulco (13.0%). Existen veintiún cuerpos de agua, y dos manantiales, uno está situado en un lugar llamado Las Canoas, en la comunidad de Francisco I. Madero, el otro en Las Fuentes; en la Cabecera municipal.

Clima

El territorio municipal se encuentran los siguientes climas con su respectivo porcentaje: Templado subhúmedo con lluvias en verano, de humedad media (41.0%), semifrío subhúmedo con lluvias en verano, de mayor humedad (19.0%), templado subhúmedo con lluvias en verano, de menor humedad (18.0%), templado subhúmedo con lluvias en verano, de mayor humedad (13.0%) y semiseco templado (9.0%). Con una temperatura media anual de 13° a 15° grados centígrados. Los periodos de heladas se presentan durante los meses de enero a marzo y las temporadas de lluvias entre mayo y septiembre, con una precipitación pluvial de 500 a 800 mm.

Ecología

La flora en el municipio se compone de árboles como ocote, oyamel, encino, sabino, pino. En las zonas áridas es común encontrar cierto tipo de cactáceas. La fauna está compuesta por conejo, zorrillo, tlacuache, paloma, ardilla, codorniz, víbora de cascabel, camaleón, lechuza, tejón, liebre y águilas.

Demografía

Población

De acuerdo a los resultados que presentó el Censo Población y Vivienda 2020 del INEGI, el municipio cuenta con un total de 15 142 habitantes, siendo 7379 hombres y 7763 mujeres. Tiene una densidad de 36.0 hab/km², la mitad de la población tiene 29 años o menos, existen 95 hombres por cada 100 mujeres.

El porcentaje de población que habla lengua indígena es de 0.21 %, el porcentaje de población que se considera afromexicana o afrodescendiente es de 0.73 %. Tiene una Tasa de alfabetización de 99.0 % en la población de 15 a 24 años, de 89.8 % en la población de 25 años y más. El porcentaje de población según nivel de escolaridad, es de 7.4 % sin escolaridad, el 65.2 % con educación básica, el 19.1 % con educación media superior, el 8.2 % con educación superior, y 0.1 % no especificado.

El porcentaje de población afiliada a servicios de salud es de 52.6 %. El 26.2 % se encuentra afiliada al IMSS, el 62.5 % al INSABI, el 3.9 % al ISSSTE, 5.1 % IMSS Bienestar, 0.3 % a las dependencias de salud de PEMEX, Defensa o Marina, 2.1 % a una institución privada, y el 0.7 % a otra institución. El porcentaje de población con alguna discapacidad es de 4.6 %. El porcentaje de población según situación conyugal, el 31.3 % se encuentra casada, el 30.7 % soltera, el 27.0 % en unión libre, el 5.4 % separada, el 0.8 % divorciada, el 4.8 % viuda.

Para 2020, el total de viviendas particulares habitadas es de 4096 viviendas, representa el 0.5 % del total estatal. Con un promedio de ocupantes por vivienda 3.7 personas. Predominan las viviendas con tabique y block. En el municipio para el año 2020, el servicio de energía eléctrica abarca una cobertura del 98.9 %; el servicio de agua entubada un 52.0 %; el servicio de drenaje cubre un 93.9 %; y el servicio sanitario un 95.7 %.

Localidades

Para el año 2020, de acuerdo al Catálogo de Localidades, el municipio cuenta con 109 localidades.

Política

Se erigió como municipio el 16 de marzo de 1827. El Honorable Ayuntamiento está compuesto por: un Presidente Municipal, un Síndico, ocho Regidores, treinta y cuatro Delegados municipales y trece Comisariados ejidales. De acuerdo al Instituto Nacional electoral (INE) el municipio esta integrado por once secciones electorales, de la 1121 a la 1131.

Para la elección de diputados federales a la Cámara de Diputados de México y diputados locales al Congreso de Hidalgo, se encuentra integrado al VII Distrito Electoral Federal de Hidalgo, y al XVIII Distrito Electoral Local de Hidalgo. A nivel estatal administrativo pertenece a la Macrorregión II y a la Microrregión XV, además de a la Región Operativa VII Tulancingo.

Cronología de presidentes municipales

Economía

En 2015 el municipio presenta un IDH de 0.683 Medio, por lo que ocupa el lugar 54.° a nivel estatal; y en 2005 presentó un PIB de $538,440,256.00 pesos mexicanos, y un PIB per cápita de $40,968.00 (precios corrientes de 2005).

De acuerdo con el Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (Coneval), el municipio registra un Índice de Marginación Medio. El 52.3% de la población se encuentra en pobreza moderada y 15.7% se encuentra en pobreza extrema. En 2015, el municipio ocupó el lugar 48 de 84 municipios en la escala estatal de rezago social.

A datos de 2015, en materia de agricultura se encuentra que los cultivos más importantes son el maíz y la cebada grano, destacados por la superficie que utilizan para su cultivo. La cebada en grano, avena forraje, alfalfa verde, frijol, trigo en grano son los cultivos que le siguen. El nopal tunero se cosecha en tierras de temporal. En ganadería destaca el ganado ovino, bovino, caprino, porcino, aves de corral. En silvicultura  la producción más rentable se obtiene del encino principalmente y del pino.

Para 2015 se cuenta con 272 unidades económicas, que generaban empleos para 786 personas. En lo que respecta al comercio, se cuenta con tres tianguis, dos tiendas Diconsa y dos tiendas Liconsa. De acuerdo con cifras al año 2015 presentadas en los Censos Económicos por el INEGI, la Población Económicamente Activa (PEA) del municipio asciende a 5516 personas de las cuales 5296 se encuentran ocupadas y 220 se encuentran desocupadas. El 24.91% pertenece al sector primario, el 32.91% pertenece al sector secundario, el 41.24% pertenece al sector terciario y 0.94% no especificaron.

Véase también

 Municipios del estado de Hidalgo
 Historia del estado de Hidalgo
 Cultura del estado de Hidalgo

Notas

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 H. Ayuntamiento de Singuilucan - Sitio Oficial
 Gobierno del Estado de Hidalgo - Sitio Oficial

Municipios del estado de Hidalgo

Municipio de Singuilucan


කුළු විස්තාරය

කුළු විස්තාරය පද්ධතියේ කුළු හා විරාම පිහිටුම් අතර මනිනු ලැබේ. බොහෝ විද්‍යා ක්ෂේත්‍රවලදී  විද්‍යාවේදී මෙයට කුළු විස්තාරය යැයි කියනු ලැබේ. තාරකා විද්‍යාවේදී එක් වස්තුවක ගුරුත්වජ බල පෑම නිසා අනෙක් වස්තුවේ දෙපසට වැනීම මනින විට එයට අර්ධ - විස්තාරය යැයි කියයි.

y විස්ථාපන යනු තරංගයේ විස්තාරයයි

(කුළුට කුළු) Peak-to-peak විස්තාරය

කුළුට කුළු විස්තාරය මනිනු ලබන්නේ ශීර්ෂයක් හා නිම්නයක් අතරයි. මෙම කුළුට කුළු විස්තාරය සුදුසු පරිපථයක් මගින් හෝ දෝලනේක්ෂයක් මත තරංග ආකාර නිරීක්ෂණය  කිරීම මගින් හෝ මෙය මීටර වලින් මැනිය හැක.

වර්ග මධ්‍යන්‍ය මුල විස්තාරය

වර්ග මධ්‍යන්‍ය මුල විස්තාරය (RMS)  විශේෂයෙන් විදුලි ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාවේදී භාවිතා කරයි. RMS අර්ථ දක්වන්නේ, ප්‍රස්ථාරයේ භූමි අවස්ථාවේ සිට ඇති සිරස් වර්ගයේ කාලයේ මධ්‍යන්‍ය අගයෙහි වර්ගමුලය ලෙසයි.

විස්තාරයේ වක්‍රෝක්තිය

සයිනාකාර කොටු හා තුන්හුලස් වැනි සමමිතික ආවර්තී තරංග සඳහා කුළු විස්තාරයේ භාවිතය සරල වන අතර පැටලිලි සහගත බවින් තොර වේ. නමුත් අසමමිතික තරංග (උදාහරණයක් ලෙස එක් දිශාවක් ඔස්සේ වූ ආවර්තිත ස්පන්ද) සඳහා කුළු විස්තාරයේ යෙදීම තරමක් පැටලිලි සහගත වේ. ඊට හේතුව මධ්‍යන්‍යයට සාපේක්ෂව උපරිම ධන සංඥාව නැතහොත් උපරිම සෘණ සංඥාව මිනුම් කෙරේ  , එසේත් නැතිනම් උපරිම සෘණ සංඥාවට ස‍ාපේක්ෂව මිනුම් කළ උපරිම ධන සංඥා අගය (කුළුට කුළු / Peak-to-peak විස්තාරය) 2න් බෙදීමෙන් ලැබෙන අගය සලකයි ද යන්න මත කුළු විස්තාරය සඳහා ලැබෙන අගය විචල්‍ය වීමයි. සංකීර්ණ තරංග හැඩයන් විශේෂයෙන් පුනරාවර්තක නොවන ශබ්දය වැනි සංඥාවලදි සාමාන්‍යයෙන් RMS විස්ථාරය භාවිතා කරයි. මන්දයත් එය ගැටළු සහගත නොවීම හා ප්‍රායෝගිකව වැදගත් වන බැවිනි. උදාහරණයක් ලෙස ධ්වනි තරංගයකින් හෝ විද්‍යුත් චුම්භක තරංගයකින් හෝ විද්‍යුත් සංඥාවකින්  සම්ප්‍රේශණය කරන මාධ්‍යක ජවය (සාමාන්‍යයෙන් , කුළු විස්තාරයේ වර්ගයට නොව) සමානුපාතික වේ. RMS විස්තාරයේ වර්ගයට අනුලෝමව සමානුපාතික වේ.

ප්‍රත්‍යාවර්ත විදුලි ධාරාවක බලය හා ගනුදෙනු කරන විට එය සයිනාකාර තරංගයක  RMS  අගය විශ්ව සම්මුතියක් ලෙස ප්‍රකාශ කිරීම සිදුවේ. විශිෂ්ටක හා ආරක්ෂක උපාංග ආදිය සඳහා සලකන විට කුළුට කුළු වොල්ටීයතාව RMS  අගය මෙන් තුන් ගුණයකට ආසන්න බව හඳුනාගැනීම වැදගත් වේ.

ස්පන්දන විස්ථාරය

විදුලි සංදේශනයේදී ස්පන්දන විස්තාරය යනු ක්ෂේත්‍ර තීව්‍රතාවයි , වෝල්ටීයතා මට්ටම , ධාරා මට්ටම හෝ ජව මට්ටම වැනි ස්පන්ද පරාමිතියක විශාලත්වය වේ.

සටහන

මූලාශ්‍රය  	-	Federal Sandard 1037C

මූලාශ්‍ර
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude

විස්තාරය පිළිබඳ සංකල්ප


Fischereihafen

Anzahl der Objekte in Fischereihafen (Bremerhaven): 8, davon mit Bild: 3 (38 %).

Geestemünde

Anzahl der Objekte in Geestemünde: 26, davon mit Bild: 25 (96 %).

Lehe

Anzahl der Objekte in Lehe (Bremerhaven): 103, davon mit Bild: 103 (100 %).

Leherheide

Anzahl der Objekte in Leherheide: 1, davon mit Bild: 1 (100 %).

Mitte

Anzahl der Objekte in Mitte (Bremerhaven): 67, davon mit Bild: 60 (90 %).

Abgegangene Denkmäler

Stadtbremisches Überseehafengebiet

Das Stadtbremische Überseehafengebiet liegt in Bremerhaven, gehört aber zum Bremer Stadtteil Häfen im Stadtbezirk Mitte. Die Tabelle befindet sich daher auf der Seite Liste der Kulturdenkmäler in Bremen-Häfen.

Weddewarden

Anzahl der Objekte in Weddewarden: 6, davon mit Bild: 6 (100 %).

Wulsdorf

Anzahl der Objekte in Wulsdorf: 8, davon mit Bild: 8 (100 %).

Siehe auch
 Liste von Sakralbauten in Bremerhaven

Weblinks

 Das Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Bremen hält Informationen zu den denkmalgeschützten Bauwerken in Bremen und Bremerhaven bereit:
 Landesdenkmalliste unter Denkmal digital abrufbar.
 Denkmaldatenbank (direkt zur Suchseite).

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Kulturdenkmaler Bremerhaven
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Leherheide
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Weddewarden
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Liste der Kulturdenkmäler in Bremerhaven


Dosaiguas-Argentera (en catalán y según Adif: Duesaigües-l'Argentera) es un apeadero ferroviario situado entre los municipios españoles de Argentera y Dosaiguas en la provincia de Tarragona, comunidad autónoma de Cataluña. Dispone de servicios de Media Distancia.

Situación ferroviaria
La estación se encuentra en el punto kilométrico 561,1 de la línea férrea de ancho ibérico que une Miraflores con Tarragona, entre las estaciones de Pradell y de Riudecañas-Botarell, a 300 metros de altitud. El tramo es de vía única y está electrificado.

La estación se encuentra en un tramo especialmente accidentado entre los túneles de la Argentera y el túnel de Dosaiguas y muy cerca del doble viaducto de Dosaiguas.

Historia

La estación fue inaugurada el 4 de diciembre de 1890 con la apertura del tramo Reus - Marsá de la línea férrea Samper vía Reus con Roda de Bará por parte de la Compañía de los ferrocarriles de Tarragona a Barcelona y Francia o TBF. Al año siguiente TBF logró un acuerdo de fusión con MZA que no se haría efectivo hasta 1899 y que permitía a MZA conectar Barcelona con Madrid vía Zaragoza. Aun así TBF mantuvo cierta autonomía dentro de la nueva compañía, autonomía que conservaría hasta 1936. En 1941, la gestión de la estación pasó a manos de RENFE tras nacionalizarse el ferrocarril en España.

Desde el 31 de diciembre de 2004 Renfe Operadora explota la línea mientras que Adif es la titular de las instalaciones ferroviarias.

La estación
Si bien conserva su clásico edificio para viajeros la estación funciona con un apeadero dado que el mismo permanece cerrado. Además el recinto solo posee un andén lateral, al que accede una vía, la principal.

Servicios ferroviarios

Media Distancia
Renfe Operadora presta servicios de Media Distancia gracias a sus trenes Regional y Regional Exprés en los trayectos que unen Barcelona con Ribarroja de Ebro, Flix y Mora la Nueva.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

 Media Distancia Cataluña en la web de Renfe.

Dosaiguas-Argentera
Dosaiguas-Argentera
Dos

Estación de Dosaiguas-Argentera


Mascaret este denumirea dată unui fenomen care se produce în estuarele unor fluvii și care constă dintr-o serie de valuri de maree ce urcă cu viteză și zgomot pe cursul unui fluviu. În unele cazuri, valurile de maree au înălțimi până la 9 m și se deplasează cu o viteză de 16 km/h.

Elemente necesare pentru formarea unui mascaret
Pentru formarea unui mascaret este necesară existența cumulativă a unor condiții speciale:

Pentru maree
Mascaretul se produce la maree joasă. Mareea trebuie să aibă o amplitudine mare, cu un coeficient de maree mai mare de 100. Mareea înaltă lunisolară, denumită și maree de sizigii, se produce la Lună nouă și la Lună plină. Tot amplitudine mare are mareea de echinocțiu, la 21 martie și 21 septembrie.

Pentru fluviu
Fluviul trebuie să aibă un debit mare și o adâncime mică. Această ultimă condiție permite formarea mascaretului din aprilie până în noiembrie, cu un maxim de la mijlocul lunii august până la mijlocul lunii septembrie.

Pentru estuar
Estuarul trebuie să fie în formă de pâlnie, suficient de larg și puțin adânc (între 2 și 4 metri). Această formă a estuarului produce creșterea înălțimii valului pe măsură ce mascaretul înaintează în amonte.

Efectul maxim al fenomenului se produce la conjuncția Soare-Lună-Terra. Fenomenul  poate fi accentuat și de alți factori, mai puțin importanți, ca viteza vântului sau presiunea atmosferică.

Denumiri locale
Fenomenul este denumit "mascaret" pe Sena, "pororoca" sau "amazunu" pe Amazon și "bore" pe Gange.

Note

,
Dinamica fluidelor

Mascaret


Events from the year 1779 in Canada.

Incumbents
Monarch: George III

Governors
Governor of the Province of Quebec: Frederick Haldimand
Governor of Nova Scotia: Sir Richard Hughes, 2nd Baronet
Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland: Richard Edwards
Governor of St. John's Island: Walter Patterson

Events

Births

Deaths
 February 14 – James Cook killed by Hawaiian natives, cutting short his search for Northwest Passage. (born 1728)

Historical documents

American Revolutionary War
Congress concurs with committee that argues U.S. lacks financial, supply and strategic strength to undertake with France "the Emancipation of Canada"

"That is the place where the hart of Canada was broke before" - Gen. Washington is told Lake Ontario, Niagara and Detroit are vulnerable to U.S. attack

Washington summons Maj. Gen. Sullivan to go over plan for "an Expedition of an extensive nature agt the hostile tribes of the Indians of the six Nations"

Schuyler receives word that Joseph Brant "is gone with a very large Belt of Wampum to the seven Tribes in Canada" to recruit them for attack on Oswego

Intelligence says Onondaga "seem determined to make peace with the United States" and that Cayuga party is on its way to confer with Oneida

Intelligence from Canada claims "Canadians being much Oppress'd wish to be delivered from British Bondage; the Abenaques of St Francis wish likewise"

Wampum message from Canada to Penobscot and "St Johns" Indigenous people: reject Americans, "for Powder & Balls has No Respect to Persons"

Washington believes Six Nations will seek peace only as long as they feel fear, and intends "to punish them severely [and] intimidate them in future"

Onondaga non-combatants coming to Oneida while warriors attack British to prove loyalty, hoping "to repossess their Country after the Close of the War"

Joseph Brant warns people of Sussex County, New Jersey that all who do not join him will be considered enemies, and he will "lay the Country waste"

Orders to Sullivan for "total destruction and devastation" of British-allied Six Nations' settlements and crops, even to "prevent their planting more"

"Colonel Louis the Indian" back from Kahnawake with word that Brant failed to recruit there and that 1,000 Odawa and Ojibwe would attack U.S. frontier

In undated speech, Gov. Haldimand upbraids and threatens war on Oneida for turning against Britain and its Indigenous allies in Six Nations

Sullivan describes beautifully situated Chemung village's chapel, houses and fields of crops before all are cheerfully "destroyed root and branch"

After long account of battle in Seneca country, Sullivan describes "Fields of the best Corn and Beans so extensive" as took army all day to destroy

Sullivan's thorough scorched earth campaign extends to Chenussio, "the grand Capital of the Indian Country," then turns toward Cayuga territory

"Total ruin of the Indian territories" - Sullivan reports destruction of Indigenous people's crops, orchards and towns near lakes Seneca and Cayuga

Pro-British Indigenous forces superior (20 scalps to 1) to "rebel Indians" in New York, and John Johnson bringing 1,000 troops and all "Canada Indians"

"Sullivan and his swarm of locusts" are "demolishing the Indian crops and wigwams," but John Butler and Brant may retaliate along Mohawk River

Molly Brant says Indigenous allies from Canada feel Guy Johnson takes "more Notice of those that are Suspected than them that are known to be Loyal"

Col. Moses Hazen says Canadians "utterly Refused" active service and clergy "Avoiding as much as Possible entering into the grand Political Dispute"

Canada
Crown agrees that Peter Livius was improperly dismissed as Quebec chief justice after he complained that Guy Carleton created illegal "Privy Council"

Montreal snowfall comes after six months without rain, when flour mills at Terrebonne and Sault-au-Récollet lacked enough water to turn wheels

"Artful management of rapacious and designing Men" keeps price of wheat and flour high and forces extension of ban on exporting them and biscuit

Royal Navy commanding officer on St. Lawrence River tells shipwrights and caulkers hiding from impressment they will be free to go after employment

Rewards of $10 each for "Negro Lad" and "Wench," she very fluent in English and French and has her apparel (black satin cloak, caps, bonnets, etc.)

Missing from ship Susannah "a black Boy" named John Thompson, born in Spanish Town, Jamaica; whoever returns him will receive 1 guinea reward

Reward ($10) for "Negro Slave named Ishmaël," about 35, hair black, long and curly, and "tone of voice peculiar to New-England, where he was born"

Former surgeon's mate in Quebec City general hospital informs ship captains that he will treat sick and hurt sailors "with the greatest tenderness"

"An Institution so peculiarly useful in this Country" - Subscription begun for Quebec City public library, favoured by both governor and bishop

List of 68 publicans and retailers with liquor licences in Quebec City, of whom 11 have shops and 6 have women's names

Nova Scotia
"Unpublished" Nova Scotia act allows government to borrow up to £5,000 for armed ships to protect coast

"Unpublished" Nova Scotia act supports "more effectual" confiscation of land and other property of persons who have left to join rebellion

Recommending construction of road from Penobscot River to St. John River, Congressional committee summarizes Nova Scotians' efforts to join U.S.A.

Intelligence reports say Acadians "Warmly Attached to the American cause;" so are "Indians[...]but are[...]Receiving very Great Supplys from the Enemy"

In Council and House of Assembly, Lt. Gov. Hughes reports reestablishing peace with Indigenous peoples, who have ended 1776 alliance with rebels

Recent riot on Halifax wharf prompts repeat of proclamation forbidding impressment or searching for deserters without civil authority permission

While entering Halifax harbour on stormy night, sloop-of-war and armed ship collide and sink, with about 170 lost, including all but 3 on warship

"State of People's mind's in this place is disagreable enough" - Thousands of rumours, many of them false, breed constant uncertainty and suspense

JPs are to fully enforce ban on gaming ("Cards, Dice, &c.") because "the Fortunes of many have been ruined, and the Lives of many Persons lost"

Printer raises price of Nova Scotia Gazette because of "the extraordinary high Price of every necessary of Life as well of Stock and Materials"

Fighting words in reply to Boston-published report of "gasconading" Nova Scotian saying Haligonians openly favour "American Cause"

Advertisement for people who can supply 15,000 lb. of fresh beef to Navy ships and yard in Halifax

Plaintiff "Elizabeth Watson alias Phillis a Negro Woman" loses case to William Proud, who may "Recover and hold [her] as the property and Slave of him"

"Yeoman" sells to tanner for £50 "Negro Boy Named Abram now about twelve Years of age who was Born of my Negro slave in my House in Maryland"

For sale: "Negro Wench, about 21 Years of Age who is capable of performing both Town and Country house Work, she is an exceeding good Cook[....]"

"An Epitaph lately taken from a Grave Stone at Annapolis" (Note: racial stereotypes)

Frederick Goget warns all against hiding his wife, Mary, who has "eloped from my Bed and board[...]because, she says, that I am poor, which is false"

Real estate of late Jonathan Belcher for sale, including 1,000-acre farm at Windsor with some "of the best Dyke Land in the Country" and Halifax dwelling

"Many, particularly the French Acadians" are accused of cutting and taking timber and grass on east shore of Halifax harbour and warned of prosecution

To reduce accidents from "negligent and disorderly" riding or cart or sleigh driving, ordinance calls for fine, labour on highways, or "stripes"

"Wanted. A Woman with a good Breast of Milk, to live in a Family."

Prince Edward Island
St. John's Island family has little success in cattle, as high prices keep demand low, they have few cows fit for market, and bear has killed two

To improve horse breeding, no stallions over 1-year-old will be allowed to roam; also, no "partridges" to be killed in breeding season

Newfoundland
With decline of Newfoundland fishery, objection arises to Palliser-inspired law requiring ships be British-built, offering paltry bounties to fishers, etc.

"Without windows, without chimnies, the light of heaven coming in the same hole which lets out the smoke" - Marston finds Quidi Vidi's houses miserable

Officer at St. John's happy to buy armed brig on which his recruits can escape "an Island destitute of every necessary support whatever for our Men"

Newfoundland Volunteers enlists 200 men who agree to "learn the use of Arms with the utmost Assiduity, [when] care of ourselves & families will allow"

Navy frigate on Newfoundland convoy takes French privateer and distributes its sailors across convoy in swap for merchant hands to man prize

Labrador
In Labrador, George Cartwright avoids mutiny over food with threats and convincing staff to eat fox, which saves salt pork and thus averts starvation

"Painful necessity of inflicting corporal punishment" - Cartwright lashes worker until he faints, after man had threatened him with hatchet

Cartwright says Mrs. Selby was unfaithful to him with trapper (whose offer to swear oath he refuses (later he confesses)); also disowns her new baby

Having tamed caribou calf after killing its mother, Cartwright details his impressions of species based on much observation of them

Cartwright has knowledge of polar bears, including their going far inland where they catch only porcupines and small fish, and elsewhere eat seaweed

Cartwright finds wolverine has gone six miles with his 8-lb. trap on one foot by carrying it in its mouth and running on three legs

Elsewhere
Traders west of Lake Superior establish North-West Company "for their common safety in a country where they had no protection from their Government"

Hudson's Bay Company sloop at Churchill prepared for voyage with caulking, tarring, painting, overhauling etc. in unusually cold June and July

References

1770s in Canada
1779 in North America
1779 in the British Empire
Canada
79

1779 in Canada